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Reprocessing reveals role of disability in Randolph Bourne’s radicalism
by Columbia Rare Book & Manuscript Library on March 20, 2019
Archival materials have the curious ability to change their meanings over time. Scholars in different eras, regarding the same items, can interpret them in vastly different—sometimes even contradictory—ways. Largely, this is scholarship functioning as it was intended, as different methods and fields of inquiry develop and are modified in turn. Yet it is especially true of materials with a hint of mystery about them. The papers of Randolph Bourne, a brilliant interdisciplinary thinker who died in the 1918 influenza epidemic at just 32 years old, illustrate both of these points well.
When Bourne died, little more than a month had passed since the end of World War I. He had vehemently opposed the war, which he saw as catastrophic, at significant professional and personal cost. Magazines that published his work had folded. He had publicly repudiated his mentor, John Dewey, who favored American intervention in the war. Yet just as the war passed into history, so did Randolph Bourne. Ever since, scholars have repeatedly returned to the question of what Bourne’s contributions to the postwar reckoning might have been, had he lived.
In the chapter of John Dos Passos’ novel 1919, “Randolph Bourne,” he wrote,
If any man has a ghost
Bourne has a ghost,
a tiny twisted unscared ghost in a black cloak
hopping along the grimy old brick and brownstone streets still left in downtown New York,
crying out in a shrill soundless giggle;
War is the health of the state.
As Dos Passos alludes—unfortunately, by using ableist language that would likely have caused pain to the person he was attempting to eulogize—Bourne was disabled. Injuries at birth and a bout of spinal tuberculosis at four years old scarred his face, stunted his growth, and curved his spine in a way that affected his mobility. His first essay published in the Atlantic Monthly, “The Handicapped—By One of Them,” has since become a foundational text in the field of disability studies. Bourne described his experiences as a fiercely intelligent and ambitious person navigating life in a society that marginalized him by failing to accommodate his physical needs, actively ostracizing him, and by expecting very little of him.
“War is the health of the [S]tate” is the refrain of Bourne’s most famous work. Left unfinished at his death, the piece, known as “The State,” argues that
Wartime brings the ideal of the State out into very clear relief, and reveals attitudes and tendencies that were hidden. In times of peace the sense of the State flags in a republic that is not militarized. For war is essentially the health of the State. The ideal of the State is that within its territory its power and influence should be universal.
According to disability studies pioneer Paul K. Longmore, Bourne’s disability informed his political radicalism. In “The Handicapped,” Bourne wrote, “It makes me wince to hear a man spoken of as a failure, or to have it said of one that he ‘doesn’t amount to much.’ Instantly I want to know why he has not succeeded, and what have been the forces that have been working against him.” Bourne was an advocate for and close friend of other advocates for women’s suffrage, and he opposed the idea that immigrants should assimilate into mainstream “American” culture. The experience of marginalization because of his disability meant Bourne recognized the injustice and arbitrary basis of other forms of marginalization.
Dr. T. Halsted Myers, a prominent orthopedist in 1910s New York, created these sketches of a brace that was apparently intended to support Bourne’s curved spine (drawn in red pencil).
$25, the cost quoted on the first image, was the equivalent of over $600 in 2019.
The field of disability studies has existed since the 1980s. However, the existing archival description for the Randolph Silliman Bourne Papers was older still. There was no hint that the collection might be useful to scholars in that field, unless they recognized the creator’s name. Updating the finding aid to include this significant aspect of Bourne’s identity will help more researchers to locate it and incorporate it into their work.
“Le drapeau rouge” (The Red Flag) was a French Socialist revolutionary song written by Paul Brousse in 1877 and modified by Achille Le Roy in 1885. Bourne picked up this songbook during his studies in France.
The older archival description also made little mention of Bourne’s radicalism. It merely noted that boxes 11 and 12 of the collection contained “clippings and pamphlets,” which turned out to be a small cache of Socialist, pacifist, and feminist pamphlets and other printed ephemera from France, Italy, and the United States. Agnes de Lima, a close friend of Bourne’s, gave his papers to Columbia University in 1955. Did Libraries staff in that era consider radical pamphlets from the 1910s subversive, or merely unimportant? They certainly did not handle them with great care. Bourne’s letters and manuscripts were individually cataloged and placed in folders. However, the clippings and pamphlets were loose inside the archival boxes, or stored in plastic bags.
For both archivists and researchers, ideas about what is most important or valuable in a collection evolve. Archives exist to support scholarship, of course, but economic and political forces also influence their calculations of value. A handwritten manuscript is generally worth more at auction than a typescript, and a clipping from an underground newspaper is generally worth less still. Decisions about whether to highlight controversial collection components can also be influenced by the political context of the times. The early days of the Cold War may not have been the most comfortable time to discuss collections whose subjects had Socialist sympathies.
However, in 2019, just past the centennial of World War I’s end and Randolph Bourne’s death, echoes of his historical milieu are especially loud. Bourne’s ghost is with us again. The causes with which he allied himself are again at the fore of political discourse, to the extent that reformers are assembling again under the banner of Progressivism. In that light, the Randolph Silliman Bourne Papers were overdue for reprocessing.
— Celeste Brewer, Processing Archivist
This entry was posted in American History Collections and tagged John Dos Passos, Paul K. Longmore, Randolphe Bourne, World War I, WWI on March 20, 2019 by Columbia Rare Book & Manuscript Library.
← Now Showing | Ilia Zdanevich: The Tbilisi Years Book History Colloquium | Who made this book? Bookwork in the Global Supply Chain →
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↪ Title 46. Domestic Relations.
↪ Chapter 2. Child Support and Medical Support Enforcement.
↪ Subchapter II. Medical Support Enforcement.
↪ § 46–251.07. Withholding for health insurance coverage.
§ 46–251.06. Selection of a health insurance coverage option.
§ 46–251.08. Priority of withholding for employee contributions to health insurance coverage.
§ 46–251.07. Withholding for health insurance coverage.
(a) When an employer receives notice from a health insurer that a child has been enrolled in health insurance coverage pursuant to a medical support notice or a support order requiring a parent to provide health insurance coverage, the employer shall:
(1) Withhold from the employee’s earnings the employee contributions required to effectuate health insurance coverage for the child in each plan in which the child is enrolled;
(2) Send the amount withheld to the applicable health insurer within 7 business days after the date the amount would have been next paid or credited to the employee;
(3) Continue to withhold premiums for health insurance coverage from the employee’s earnings on a regular and consistent basis and pay the premiums to the health insurer; and
(4) Send each additional payment to the health insurer on the same date that the employee is compensated.
(b) Withholding for health insurance coverage shall not exceed the limitations set forth in § 303(b) of the Consumer Credit Protection Act, approved May 29, 1968 (82 Stat. 163; 15 U.S.C. § 1673(b)).
(c) Nothing in this subchapter shall alter the obligation of an obligor, obligee, employer, or other person or entity to comply with the provisions for the withholding of earnings or other income stated in subchapter I of Chapter 2 of this title.
(Mar. 30, 2004, D.C. Law 15-130, § 107, 51 DCR 1615.)
This section is referenced in § 1-307.42, § 16-911, and § 46-251.03.
Emergency Legislation
For temporary (90 day) addition of this section, see § 107 of Medical Support Establishment and Enforcement Emergency Amendment Act of 2002 (D.C. Act 14-485, October 3, 2002, 49 DCR 9631).
For temporary (90 day) addition of this section, see § 107 of Medical Support Establishment and Enforcement Congressional Review Emergency Amendment Act of 2002 (D.C. Act 14-600, January 7, 2003, 50 DCR 664).
For temporary (90 day) addition of this section, see § 107 of Medical Support Establishment and Enforcement Emergency Amendment Act of 2003 (D.C. Act 15-208, October 24, 2003, 50 DCR 9856).
For temporary (90 day) addition of this section, see § 107 of Medical Support Establishment and Enforcement Congressional Review Emergency Amendment Act of 2004 (D.C. Act 15-330, January 28, 2004, 51 DCR 1603).
Temporary Legislation
For temporary (225 day) addition of section, see § 107 of Medical Support Establishment and Enforcement Temporary Amendment Act of 2002 (D.C. Law 14-238, March 25, 2003, law notification 50 DCR 2751).
For temporary (225 day) addition of section, see § 107 of Medical Support Establishment and Enforcement Temporary Amendment Act of 2003 (D.C. Law 15-84, March 10, 2004, law notification 51 DCR 3376).
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↪ Title 6. Housing and Building Restrictions and Regulations.
↪ Chapter 6. Zoning and Height of Buildings.
↪ Subchapter II. Regulation of Heights and Exterior Designs of Buildings.
↪ § 6–611.01. Erection or alteration of buildings fronting on certain federal property; applications submitted to Commission of Fine Arts for review.
Subchapter II. Regulation of Heights and Exterior Designs of Buildings.
§ 6–611.02. Plats of restricted area.
§ 6–611.01. Erection or alteration of buildings fronting on certain federal property; applications submitted to Commission of Fine Arts for review.
In view of the provisions of the Constitution respecting the establishment of the seat of the national government, the duties it imposed upon Congress in connection therewith, and the solicitude shown and the efforts exerted by President Washington in the planning and development of the capital city, it is declared that such development should proceed along the lines of good order, good taste, and with due regard to the public interests involved, and a reasonable degree of control should be exercised over the architecture of private or semipublic buildings adjacent to public buildings and grounds of major importance. To this end, when application is made for permit for the erection or alteration of any building, any portion of which is to front or abut upon the grounds of the Capitol, the grounds of the White House, the portion of Pennsylvania Avenue extending from the Capitol to the White House, Lafayette Park, Rock Creek Park, the Zoological Park, the Rock Creek and Potomac Parkway, Potomac Park, the Mall Park System and public buildings adjacent thereto, or abutting upon any street bordering any of said grounds or parks, the plans therefor, so far as they relate to height and appearance, color, and texture of the materials of exterior construction, shall be submitted by the Mayor of the District of Columbia to the Commission of Fine Arts; and the said Commission shall report promptly to said Mayor its recommendations, including such changes, if any, as in its judgment are necessary to prevent reasonably avoidable impairment of the public values belonging to such public building or park; and said Mayor shall take such action as shall, in his judgment, effect reasonable compliance with such recommendation; provided, that if the said Commission of Fine Arts fails to report its approval or disapproval of such plans within 30 days, its approval thereof shall be assumed and a permit may be issued.
(May 16, 1930, 46 Stat. 366, ch. 291, § 1; July 31, 1939, 53 Stat. 1144, ch. 400.)
Prior Codifications
1981 Ed., § 5-410.
This section is referenced in § 6-1105, § 6-1107, § 9-1153, § 10-1102.01, § 10-1121.04, § 10-1121.11, and § 25-374.
Airspace leases, conditions for execution, see § 10-1121.04.
Rental and utilization of public space, conditional authorization to construct structures, federal and district governments, see § 10-1121.11.
Rental and utilization of public space, public space on or above ground, see § 10-1102.01.
Delegation of Authority
Delegation of Authority Under the “Shipstead-Luce Act”, see Mayor’s Order 89-92, May 9, 1989.
Change in Government
This section originated at a time when local government powers were delegated to a Board of Commissioners of the District of Columbia (see Acts Relating to the Establishment of the District of Columbia and its Various Forms of Governmental Organization in Volume 1). Section 401 of Reorganization Plan No. 3 of 1967 (see Reorganization Plans in Volume 1) transferred all of the functions of the Board of Commissioners under this section to a single Commissioner. The District of Columbia Self-Government and Governmental Reorganization Act, 87 Stat. 818, § 711 ( D.C. Code, § 1-207.11), abolished the District of Columbia Council and the Office of Commissioner of the District of Columbia. These branches of government were replaced by the Council of the District of Columbia and the Office of Mayor of the District of Columbia, respectively. Accordingly, and also pursuant to § 714(a) of such Act ( D.C. Code, § 1-207.14(a)), appropriate changes in terminology were made in this section.
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jack paar
Today in 1961 – Paging Through Newsweek Magazine, March 20, 1961
March 20, 2009 By Cliff Aliperti Leave a Comment
A quarter is all our March 20 issue of Newsweek costs, and so we buy. The cheery cover features Bill Mauldin’s idea of the world headed towards destruction in this nuclear age.
Cover of Newsweek, March 20, 1961
This magazine is thick, crammed with text, and there’s no way we’re going to finish up by next week. I think we’re going to have to skim. Don’t worry, still lots going on in the world.
In fact I’ve gotten held up on the contents page of all places! Newsweek’s going through some changes as Malcolm Muir has sold the magazine to the Philip L. Graham and The Washington Post Company. Could be some changes ahead, though Graham did say that’s not the case: “It is our belief that Newsweek’s reputation for fairness is its greatest asset.”
For a complete history of Newsweek please see my article about Collecting Newsweek.
Newsweek’s regular leadoff column “Periscoping the Nation” asks Where Are They Now? and heads to Lufkin, Texas to check in on the first chairman of the House Un-American and Activities Committee (HUAC), Martin Dies. Dies headed HUAC from 1938-1945. He’s currently practicing law in Lufkin but considering a run for Governor in 1962 noting “I’m not too old, and I’d like to crusade against Federal encroachment on states’ rights.” Dies, 60, first served in the House of Representatives thirty years ago, in 1931.
It’s been inevitable since the Giants moved to San Francisco, but last week City officials voted to tear down the Polo Grounds to clear space for a housing project. Newsweek covers some of the Polo Grounds history in sport, especially baseball:
There, Wee Willie Keeler broke into baseball; Amos Rusie rifled the fast ball that inspired the explanation … “You can’t hit it if you can’t see it.” George M. Cohan serenaded the fans before a game; autocratic manager John J. McGraw declared: “I’m absolute czar; I order plays and they obey”; and another high-riding manager, Bill Terry, lived to regret his sneer: “Is Brooklyn still in the league?”
Aerial view of the Polo Grounds
Also mentioned are Babe Ruth hitting home runs there as the Yankees called the Polo Grounds home into 1923; King Carl Hubbell striking out five legends in a row, including Ruth, at the ’34 All-Star Game, and, of course, Bobby Thomson’s magnificent home run in the bottom of the 9th versus Brooklyn in the 1951 playoff game.
The International section wonders if President Kennedy will visit Moscow.
Berlin Mayor Willy Brandt is hoping to adapt most of Kennedy’s strategies in his campaign to defeat 85-year-old Konrad Adenauer in next September’s election for German Chancellor. Not many issues separate the men, so Brandt hopes his Kennedyism will carry him to victory.
Cuban Prime Minister Fidel Castro took to the sandlots last week to play some ball. No doubt who was boss on this field, as Castro ordered a runner back to first after he had successfully stolen second base. “In the revolution,” Castro said, “no one can steal–even in baseball.”
Fidel takes a hack
Vivien Leigh managed to get ticked off upon her arrival at New York’s Idlewild airport last week. Miss Leigh was en route to Atlanta for a Gone With the Wind revival when a 60-year-old reporter made the mistake of asking her which part she played. Scarlet threw a hissy-fit and threatened to turn around and go home. Someone in her camp must have placated her though, as her quote about the incident upon arrival in Atlanta was “I think it’s the most wonderful thing I’ve ever heard.”
Vivien Leigh comes to Atlanta
Detroit Free Press editorial cartoonist Frank Williams was doodling last week when he wound up sticking JFK’s hair on top of Ike’s head. The result pleased him so much that he did the same for Jimmy Hoffa, Adlai Stevenson, and Richard Nixon:
JFK's hair on some other heads
The Russians put a small dog, Chernushka aka Blackie, into space last week aboard their 5-ton Korabl Sputnik. It was the fourth such announced test by the Soviets, the first of which went into orbit in May 1960 “carrying only a dummy spaceman (so far as the west knows).”
Have you ever heard of Marvin Glass? The 45-year-old Glass runs a nine-room office on Chicago’s Near North Side and is responsible for designing twenty of the top-selling toys over the past thirteen years including Super Specs, Brainy Bug, the Ric-O-Shay Pistol, and Mr. Machine.
Glass is the most prodigious independent designer in the nation’s $1.7 billion toy industry…Operating on a straight 6 per cent commission, he grosses about $1.5 million year in and year out in an otherwise unpredictable industry. With manufacturers willing to pay him another $1,000 per day, plus expenses, for occasional counsel, his person take runs to more than $250,000 per year.
Married four times, workaholic Glass smokes three packs of cigarettes and a dozen cigars per day. He keeps a $325 a month apartment but usually sleeps in his office.
At this week’s 58th American Toy Fair in New York, Glass unveiled his newest creations including Robot Commando, Kissy Doll, Yakkity Yob, and the Super Pop Gun, all expected to be big for next Christmas. He credits his prolific creativity to refinements on existing toys and brainstorming session with his staff. Glass’s four criteria for a successful toy: “It must 1) be simple, 2) be appealing, 3)be playable, and 4) perform according to promise.”
Barbara Bel Geddes is pictured with a brief article about Mary, Mary, in which Bel Geddes shares the stage with Barry Nelson, John Cromwell, and Michael Rennie.
Barbara Bel Geddes
Joe DiMaggio returns to baseball for the first time since his 1951 retirement after taking leave from his public relations job to be special assistant to Yankees’ manager Ralph Houk at Miller Huggins Field in St. Petersburg. DiMaggio’s spring locker is right between Roger Maris and major league hopeful John Reed. DiMaggio is a top draw for autograph seekers including one 9-year-old boy who approached him with four baseballs to sign. “What do you do with them?” DiMaggio asked the boy. “Sell ’em for $3 apiece,” the young man replied.
Ed Sullivan is at war with Jack Paar over guest fees. Sullivan’s been paying his guests as much as $7,500 a night to come perform on his program, but found out Paar was getting the same talent for $320. Sullivan offered to go on Paar’s show to talk about it, under the condition it just be them with no audience. Paar wasn’t biting. Sullivan may win out playing hardball though, as he’s already gotten both Myron Cohen and Sam Levenson to cancel Paar bookings by putting their $7,500 Sullivan in jeopardy.
And that’s about all that caught my eye paging through this week’s issue of Newsweek. Back to the present, I’ll say it again, that was pretty fun and a journey once again going to show why I think you should be collecting old magazines–especially if you made it this far! Besides the possibility of containing an article of specific interest, each issue is a trip back in time to the events, occurrences, people and culture of the period.
Filed Under: Random Issues Tagged With: barbara bel geddes, ed sullivan, fidel castro, jack paar, joe dimaggio, martin dies, polo grounds, sputnik, toy fair, vivien leigh, willy brandt
The History of LIFE Magazine, LOOK Magazine, and Birth of Photojournalism
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General of the Air Force Harold Harley “Hap” Arnold
George Pollard
Air Force, Army
World War I, World War II
Gift of the United States Air Force
Arnold Room, Second Floor
From ca. 2013: The Army and Navy Club, gift of the United States Air Force
Harold Arnold, instructed by the Wright Brothers, was one of the first military pilots worldwide and one of the first three rated pilots in the history of the United States Air Force. Commissioned an Infantry second lieutenant at West Point in 1907 and assigned to the 29th Infantry Division in the Philippines, he supervised the expansion of the Air Service in World War I. He rose to command the Army Air Forces just before American entry into World War II . He remains the only Air Force officer to hold five-star rank and holds the unique distinction as the only U.S. General with permanent five-star rank in more than one branch (General of both the Army and the Air Force). He co-founded Pan American Airways, for several years the largest international airline in the U.S. He also co-founded Project RAND, which ultimately became the RAND Corporation.
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Josh Adams becomes second Notre Dame player to declare for draft in two days
By John TaylorJan 5, 2018, 1:11 PM EDT
For the second time in as many days, Notre Dame is losing a productive member of its offense.
On his Instagram account Friday afternoon, Josh Adams announced that, “[w]ith a lot of thought, prayer and discussion with my family, I’ve decided to forgo my senior year and enter the 2018 NFL Draft.” In the missive, the running back stated that he’ll “always have Notre Dame in my heart” and will “definitely be back to earn and receive my degree” from the university.
A post shared by Josh Adams (@docteradams_from_uptown) on Jan 5, 2018 at 9:35am PST
Adams led the Fighting Irish in rushing each of the past two seasons. After running for 933 as a sophomore in 2016, he ran for 1,430 this season, a total that was good for 14th nationally. During his three seasons in South Bend, he also accounted for 20 touchdowns on the ground.
Thursday, Adams’ teammate and wide receiver Equanimeous St. Brown announced that he too will be leaving the Irish early for the NFL.
Tags: Equanimeous St. Brown, Josh Adams
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February 8, 2014 Johanna Comic News One comment
Watson and Holmes Ends Print Serialization, Returns to Digital
I’ve enjoyed the issues of Watson and Holmes I’ve read. It’s a new, urban take on the classic Sherlock Holmes setup — the characters are black, it’s set in Harlem in New York City, and Watson (who’s intended to be an equal character, thus the billing flip) is a medical intern returned from Air Force service in Afghanistan.
The comic started as a Kickstarted digital miniseries, but it was so successful that they announced plans for an ongoing print comic series. Six issues were released from July to December 2013. However, the latest Diamond Previews cancellation list shows that upcoming issues #7 and #8 have been cancelled by the publisher, New Paradigm Studios.
The first five issues have been collected in a paperback, Watson and Holmes: A Study in Black. They’re written by Karl Bollers and drawn by Rick Leonardi (#5 drawn by Larry Stroman). The publisher is run by Brandon Perlow, and this interview with Perlow and Bollers talks about the future of the series, which will skip single issues, returning to digital serialization, and print graphic novels in future.
We will continue to release stories in web and digital comics (Comixology, Amazon, and others) as we finish them. Having a trade format allows us to take our time and not be in the monthly grind, as well as working our PR to build for the collection. Trying to get PR and coverage on a monthly basis to get people in the shops every month is no easy task. I think one needs the right talent and book to succeed in the “Wednesday market”. I would say many of our Sherlock Holmes fans, for example, do not go to comic book stores frequently, and prefer a trade, especially the older ones. The “floppy” format works better for the Big 2 titles, licensed properties, and big Image creators. It’s a model that’s more economically viable after expenses for those companies as it’s easier to recoup production and printing costs immediately. Trades end up being extra money for them.
They also plan to continue using Kickstarter, and Perlow drops this hint about some of the comic distributor’s future plans: “I know Diamond was talking about fulfillment solutions for Kickstarter, and the company’s abilities would make that a great match.” The plans for a second collection are as follows:
I would say summer of this year at earliest. The next book would have individual stories versus a long storyline. We will have “chapters” released throughout the year digitally and online. Issue #6 done by Brandon Easton and N. Steven Harris (released December 11 in stores) [and] issue #7 by Steven Grant, Hannibal Tabu, and Dennis Calero will be in it. We have a one-shot story based on a classic Sherlock Holmes story written by Lyndsay Faye (writer of Dust and Shadow, Gods of Gotham, and Seven for a Secret), and she will write a multi-chapter Irene Adler story. We will also consider adding the Chuck Dixon and John Ostrander stories as well. All these stories will build on the relationship between Watson and Holmes and add to the next storyline written by Karl Bollers. Karl is overseeing the other stories to make sure they are “on model” and to add little things that lead to his story.
I think he’s right, Sherlock Holmes fans by definition like books, not short comics. Aiming for the bookstore market, and for selling to the wider audience (beyond the “Wednesday market”, as Perlow puts it), digital is the way to go.
Pingback: Sherlock Holmes Now Belongs to Everyone – Comics Worth Reading
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CEMC Team
Official 2018 Sponsor
Timothy O’Shea
Principal with Promontory Financial Group, LLC
Tim O’Shea is a Principal with Promontory. Tim assists clients with strategic advisory, regulatory, and risk management matters. He has assisted several clients with developing new-bank business models and licensing strategies based on emerging opportunities with bank charters and partnership models. Most recently, he advised an equipment leasing company on the possibility of pursuing an ILC charter. He has also advised fintechs and independent leasing and specialty finance companies on a range of regulatory and compliance matters. Previously, Tim served as chief of staff and first vice president of Carver Federal Savings Bank, where he was principal assistant to the chief executive officer and led the strategic and business planning processes. Before joining Carver, Tim worked with Promontory for nearly five years, primarily as a member of the securities practice group. Tim received his law degree, cum laude, from Duke University School of Law. During law school, Tim worked for the majority staff of the U.S. House Committee on Financial Services, where he worked on the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act.
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Celine Dion Announces New Album and Tour
5th April 2019 6th April 2019 spanner44Leave a Comment on Celine Dion Announces New Album and Tour
The tour of the singer Celine Dion, called “Courage”, will be launched in Quebec City on September 18th, before the release of an album of the same name in November.
The fans will jump with joy! After 16 years of residency in Las Vegas, Celine Dion goes back on the road to meet her fans. The Quebec singer announced Wednesday 3rd April, during an evening at the theatre of the Ace Hotel in Los Angeles broadcast on Facebook, she was going to begin a tour next September and release a new album, both entitled “Courage” .
French admirers of the star to hundreds of millions of copies sold will still have to wait to see her on stage. Because for now, only the dates for North America are known.
For the first time in over a decade, Celine Dion will tour North America. Tickets go on sale Friday, April 12. Team Celine presale starts Monday, April 8. For more info including all tour dates go to celinedion.com – Team Céline . Pour la première fois depuis plus de dix ans, Céline Dion sera en tournée nord-américaine. Les billets seront mis en vente le vendredi 12 avril et la prévente Team Céline débutera le lundi 8 avril. Pour plus d’informations, incluant toutes les dates de tournées, allez au celinedion.com – Team Céline
A post shared by Céline Dion (@celinedion) on Apr 3, 2019 at 3:34pm PDT
The tour will begin September 18th in Quebec City. The album will be released in November.
“It’ll be Celine Dion that you know”
“It’s time to make a change, it’s time to get back on the road,” said the singer.
“It’s going to be Celine who you know, said the singer. Celine is 51 years old. Celine you know. Celine with her producers and composers. Celine with new producers and composers. The sound has changed a bit, like music. But I will always remain the one I am.”
Her song “Courage” is inspired by the ordeal she experienced during the illness and after the death of her husband, René, in January 2016. “I believe that we are all going through difficult times in our lives. act of the loss of a loved one, of a disease, something that we must overcome. I think I went through a lot of hardships. “
Tagged Album Celine Dion Courage Entertainment Music Tour Tour Dates
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Not being afraid of controversy is part of Civilta Cattolica’s mission
In Catholic News Service, Vatican
Carol Glatz
CATHOLIC_NEWS_SERVICE
An issue of the Italian journal La Civilta Cattolica is seen at the Vatican in this 2013 file photo. (Credit: CNS photo/Paul Haring.)
La Civilta Cattolica at times has courted controversy, because it tries to engage culture, which by itself can lead to unpopular opinions. According to the journal's website, part of its mission is to "read and interpret" current events and trends in culture, history, science, art and politics "in the light of the Christian faith offered by the magisterium of the church."
VATICAN CITY — When an influential Jesuit-run journal criticized U.S. politics in mid-July, it was not the first time it had caused controversy in the United States.
Stirring up controversy is nothing new for La Civilta Cattolica, which sees defending the faith as part of its mission.
Over the years, it has written articles calling professional boxing “attempted murder”; labeling distracted or impaired driving a sin that should be confessed; praising the powers of Harry Potter in getting kids to read; recommending anger management training for priests and religious; advocating Western governments regulate mosque construction; and condemning states for profiting from cigarette sales.
It also made some fur fly when it criticized animal rights movements that ignore the unique dignity and superiority of human beings over animals. It noted the hypocrisy of insisting on basic rights to life for animals but not for the disabled, sick or young children. The editorial asked if all animals have an equal right to exist, then wouldn’t humans have to be responsible for protecting some species from others and “spend our entire lives keeping the cats away from the mice?”
The journal often reflects Vatican opinion and is reviewed by the Vatican Secretariat of State, so its contents are closely watched. Its authority also stems from the authority, expertise and influence of its authors, who have been top experts or leaders in the fields of canon law, theology and education or as official advisers to important Vatican offices and courts.
However, sometimes that scholarly expertise in canon law and the church’s social doctrine does not mesh well with local contexts and national initiatives.
In 2002, Jesuit Father Gianfranco Ghirlanda wrote an article expressing reservations over the direction U.S. bishops were taking in their national policy on clerical sex abuse. At the time he wrote the piece, he was a Vatican City appeals court judge and dean of the canon law faculty at Rome’s Pontifical Gregorian University.
Speaking from a perspective of church law, he had said bishops — unless clearly negligent in investigating and correcting abuse situations — generally are not morally or legally responsible for the actions of their priests. His point underlined Vatican perplexity over the U.S. legal system and the fact that dioceses had been sued because of the actions of a single cleric.
The priest also cautioned it was not good pastoral practice to notify civil authorities of all priestly sex abuse accusations; that psychological testing should not be required of suspected clerical abusers; and that, if reassigning a past abuser to active ministry, a bishop should not tell parishioners of the past abuse. Many U.S. bishops at the time, however, were doing the opposite.
Ghirlanda later told Catholic News Service that his article should not be seen as a Vatican “directive” to U.S. bishops as they formulated a national policy. Although the Vatican reviews the journal, Ghirlanda said the article represented his own opinion.
“I honestly don’t know if the Holy See will accept these points,” he had said.
In 2010, an article praised the passage of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, so-called “Obamacare.” It said the health care reform law marked “a needed and long-awaited beginning” of bringing greater justice to all citizens, especially the most vulnerable.
It explained the position of the U.S. Conference of Catholic Bishops, which was against the measure because its provisions on abortion funding and conscience protections were morally unacceptable.
However, the Jesuit journal lamented the extreme divisiveness of debate on the measure and said it believed the different positions within the U.S. Catholic community just reflected a “clash” of differing opinions over how to implement church social teaching.
It did a follow-up editorial nine months later, saying any initial positive reactions to the health care reform law were “hasty and partial” and “not in harmony with the position of the U.S. bishops, who expressed their judgment on the basis of the moral teaching of the church, taking into account every aspect of the reform.”
It said that in the eyes of the Catholic Church, the goal must be health care for all, accomplished in a way that also “guarantees the protection of the unborn and of the consciences” of Catholics who want to continue their jobs as health care workers, but cannot participate in abortions or other procedures they and the church consider immoral.
According to the journal’s website, part of its mission is to “read and interpret” current events and trends in culture, history, science, art and politics “in the light of the Christian faith offered by the magisterium of the church.”
The journal was founded in 1850 by a group of Italian Jesuits to provide a Catholic point of view for the political, religious and cultural upheaval of the day because of increasing hostility toward religious figures, the church’s temporal authority and its teachings. The journal wanted to defend — against threats from Masonic groups and other perceived enemies — the values of a “Catholic civilization,” which gave rise to its Italian title, “Civilta Cattolica.”
Its unique relationship with the Vatican and the pope was established by Pope Pius IX in 1866 with a papal brief that spelled out the statutes for this Jesuit “community of writers” that would continue to produce a journal that would fight for and defend “with all its strength and incessantly, the Catholic religion and its doctrine and its rights.” The journal’s authority, then, is rooted in its mission and identity as having, according to its website, “a particular bond with the pontiff” and being “in harmony” with the Holy See.
Recent pontiffs — St. John Paul II, Benedict XVI and Francis — have continued to endorse and uphold the journal’s unique purpose and relationship to the Holy See.
Pope makes appointments amid criticism of sex abuse response
‘Pontifical secret’ in abuse cases needs review, advisers tell pope
Jesuit journal close to pope says “Manichean vision” behind Trump
Father Antonio Spadaro
La Civilta Cattolica
the Jesuits
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Copland’s Lincoln Portrait
April 6, 2018 in Uncategorized | Tags: Aaron Copland, Abraham Lincoln, Academy Award, Amy Morton, Barack Obama, Bill Kurtis, Blues Fest, Carl Sandburg, Claude Rains, Daniel Barenboim, David Alan Miller, Erich Kunzel, Gutzon Borglum, Henry Mazer, Irwin Hoffman, James Conlon, James Earl Jones, James Gaffigan, Jane Byrne, Jessye Norman, Jim Tilmon, John Malkovich, K. Todd Freeman, Leontyne Price, Lincoln Portrait, Martha Lavey, Mel Zellman, MGM, Millennium Park, Museum Campus, NBC, Otto Kerner Jr., President Lyndon B. Johnson, Pulitzer Prize, Ravinia Festival, Reynald Giovaninetti, Riccardo Muti, Steppenwolf Theatre Company, Taste of Chicago, Tony Award, Tracy Letts, WBBM-TV, WFMT, William Eddins, William Warfield, WTTW | Leave a comment
The Chicago Symphony Orchestra has performed Aaron Copland‘s Lincoln Portrait on several occasions and with a number of notable narrators. A complete list is below.
Poet, writer, and editor Carl Sandburg was narrator for the Orchestra’s first performances of Lincoln Portrait on March 15 and 16, 1945, in Orchestra Hall; third music director Désiré Defauw conducted. At the time, Sandburg was the country’s leading authority on Abraham Lincoln, the sixteenth U.S. president. He had written the two-volume Abraham Lincoln: The Prairie Years in 1926, and in 1940, he completed the four-volume Abraham Lincoln: The War Years, for which he won his second Pulitzer Prize.
The composer himself conducted the first performance at the Ravinia Festival on July 21, 1956. Popular stage and screen character actor Claude Rains was narrator for the occasion. Winner of a Tony Award and nominated four times for an Academy Award (in the best supporting actor category), he appeared in such classic films as The Adventures of Robin Hood, Mr. Smith Goes to Washington, Casablanca, Notorious, and Lawrence of Arabia.
Illinois Governor Otto J. Kerner rubs the nose of Gutzon Borglum‘s Lincoln bust in 1964 (World Telegraph & Sun photo by Roger Higgins)
Copland was again on the podium at the Ravinia Festival on July 6, 1963, when Illinois Governor Otto Kerner, Jr. was narrator. Kerner was appointed U.S. Attorney for the Northern District of Illinois and served as a judge in the Illinois Circuit Court of Cook County before his election as the thirty-third governor of Illinois in 1960, winning re-election in 1964. He resigned as governor in 1968 when President Lyndon B. Johnson nominated him as a judge on the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit. Kerner was later convicted of mail fraud, conspiracy, and perjury and sentenced to three years in federal prison; he was released early following his being diagnosed with terminal cancer.
The next three performances, all in Orchestra Hall, were narrated by voices quite familiar to Chicagoans. On March 28, 1970, Mel Zellman, an announcer for WFMT for forty years, shared the stage with conductor Irwin Hoffman. Jim Tilmon, a longtime television reporter for WTTW and NBC, narrated the work on February 25, 1976, with associate conductor Henry Mazer on the podium. On January 29, 1979, Bill Kurtis, then a news anchor with WBBM-TV, was narrator, again under Mazer’s direction.
For a special July 4 celebration in 1982 at the Ravinia Festival, Aaron Copland himself was narrator. Erich Kunzel conducted.
Jane Byrne (Associated Press photo by Fred Jewell)
Jane Byrne was the first woman to serve as Chicago’s mayor—the city’s fortieth—from 1979 until 1983. On October 1, 1982, in Orchestra Hall, she was narrator in Copland’s Lincoln Portrait with Reynald Giovaninetti on the podium. According to her obituary in the Chicago Tribune, “Over her single term in office, Byrne launched Taste of Chicago and crowd-pleasing celebrations like Blues Fest, inspired the redevelopment of Navy Pier and the Museum Campus and encouraged movie making here in a big way by luring production of box office hits like The Blues Brothers.”
Aaron Copland and William Warfield in 1963 (Library of Congress photo)
On October 4, 1997, Symphony Center officially opened its doors with a gala concert. The program included a performance of Lincoln Portrait with bass-baritone William Warfield as narrator and ninth music director Daniel Barenboim conducting. Warfield had become well known following a star turn as Joe—singing “Ol Man River“—in MGM‘s 1951 remake of Show Boat. He also recorded a highly acclaimed album of selections from Gershwin’s Porgy and Bess with soprano Leontyne Price in 1963. Long associated with Copland, Warfield had sung the premiere performances of the first set of Old American Songs (for soloist and orchestra) as well as the second set (for soloist and piano).
Steppenwolf Theatre Company actors Martha Lavey, Amy Morton, K. Todd Freeman, and Tracy Letts shared narrating duties at the Ravinia Festival on July 4, 2004. David Alan Miller conducted.
Senator Barack Obama narrates Copland’s Lincoln Portrait in Millennium Park on September 11, 2005. William Eddins conducts (Todd Rosenberg photo)
On September 11, 2005, the Chicago Symphony Orchestra gave a free concert at the Pritzker Pavilion in Millennium Park. Guest conductor William Eddins led the Orchestra in The Star-Spangled Banner, William Schuman’s arrangement of Ives’s Variations on America, Rimsky- Korsakov’s Sheherazade, and Copland’s Lincoln Portrait with freshman U.S. Senator Barack Obama as narrator. In the Chicago Sun-Times, Wynne Delacoma wrote: “When September 11 comes around each year, the craving for a moment of proverbial silence—a chance to slow down, remember, and mourn—is strong. Sunday’s concert, led by former CSO resident conductor William Eddins and featuring Senator Barack Obama as narrator in Aaron Copland’s Lincoln Portrait, provided just that kind of beneficent moment. Despite the steamy weather, a large crowd filled the pavilion’s seats and lawn, giving the CSO in general, and Obama in particular, vociferous applause. . . . Obama brought an orator’s skill without an actor’s slick veneer to Copland’s Lincoln Portrait. The comforting quality of his voice gave added emotional resonance to Lincoln’s words. The CSO was a powerful surging force behind him, alternately sinking into meditation and swelling to majestic heights.”
Most recently, James Earl Jones was narrator at Orchestra Hall on February 21 and 24, 2009, under the baton of James Gaffigan, and on July 18, 2009, soprano Jessye Norman was narrator with James Conlon conducting at the Ravinia Festival.
Riccardo Muti leads the Chicago Symphony Orchestra in Copland’s Lincoln Portrait on April 12, 13, 14, and 17, 2018. John Malkovich will be the narrator.
Who you gonna call? For Ghostbusters in concert, it’s conductor Peter Bernstein. Read more on CSO Sounds and Stori… twitter.com/i/web/status/1… 1 hour ago
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A Note From the Editor: Despite All of the Bad News, Many Things Are Actually Getting Better
When we decided to put a story about police-involved killings on the cover of our July print edition, we had no idea that the month would be dominated by news about police-involved killings—and the killings of police.
Yet that’s exactly what happened. The deaths of Alton Sterling in Baton Rouge, La., and Philando Castile in Falcon Heights, Minn., sparked yet more outrage about the excessive use of force by law-enforcement officers. The country watched in horror as Micah Johnson mowed down police officers who were watching over a peaceful Black Lives Matter protest in Dallas, killing five officers and injuring nine other officers and two bystanders. Then came the murder of three law enforcement officers, and the wounding of three others, again in Baton Rouge, La., by Gavin Long.
These terrible deaths prove, yet again, that our country has some deep and serious problems. Way, way too many people are dying at the hands of law enforcement. On the flip side, while the vast majority of police officers in this country are fantastic, some troubled souls view all cops as being bad. And, of course, systemic racism is alive and well.
None of these problems will be solved overnight—especially considering the fact that one of this country’s two major parties is pushing an agenda that marginalizes LGBT Americans, Mexican immigrants, Muslims and many others. Sadly, more blood will be spilled before things get better.
That’s not to say there’s no reason for optimism. That aforementioned July cover story was about the fact that for the first time ever, the country has access to the fairly complete Fatal Encounters database of law-enforcement-related deaths—and that data can be analyzed and used to create better public policy.
It’s also important to note that violent-crime rates are much, much lower today—about two-thirds lower, in fact—than they were in the early 1990s. So even though it may not seem like it at times, our society today is way safer than it used to be.
Finally, despite all of the political rancor, many amazing people are working hard to unite us and develop understanding. For example, there’s Tizoc DeAztlan, a young local Democrat who’s working with his friend Hugh Van Horn, former president of the Coachella Valley Young Republicans, to hold a series of “Perspectives” discussion groups. Anita Rufus recently wrote about him in her Know Your Neighbors column; read that here.
You can also read Anita’s column in the August 2016 print edition of the Coachella Valley Independent, which is being distributed across the valley and High Desert this week. Enjoy, please, and drop me a line if you have any questions or comments.
coachella valley independent july 2016
coachella valley independent august 2016
fatal encounters
tizoc deaztlan
philando castile
micah johnson
gavin long
shootings of unarmed citizens
shootings of police
Similar Experiences, Different Approaches: Two Mothers/Legislators Have Different Thoughts on How to Reduce Police Shootings
Your Tax Dollars at Work: Reading Between the Lines of California's New $215 Billion Budget
Shouts, Tears and a 68-0 Vote: The State Assembly Passes a Stricter Police Use-of-Force Standard
More in this category: « A Note From the Editor: A Salute to Our Places of Solidarity and Empowerment A Note From the Editor: Why We Emphasize Water Coverage; Best of Coachella Valley Voting Has Begun! »
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As China tightens rules on religion, unregistered churches wince
Economist - Mon, 05/20/2019 - 10:54
XU YONGHAI’S flock gathers weekly to worship in his small studio apartment in west-central Beijing. On a chilly winter morning a dozen people climb the concrete stairs to his door, dump their coats on his Snoopy bedsheets and gather around a table laid with tea and Bibles. The service begins with some devotional songs, accompanied by music from a battery-powered speaker. The pocket-sized gadget packs up halfway through the medley, forcing the pastor to dig out a spare.
Many tight-knit services such as this one take place across China each week. The small congregation meets without the permission of the Three-Self Patriotic Movement, a government umbrella under which all China’s Protestant congregations are supposed to huddle. It meets on Fridays rather than Sundays, an arrangement considered less likely to provoke officials. Authorities know what goes on and occasionally post a watchman to a security box outside the building. But they tend not to interfere, says Mr Xu, because they know that all his congregation does is “read the Bible”.
Chinese Christians were thought to number about 70m in 2010 and are probably more numerous now. Perhaps only a minority of them worships in government-sanctioned churches, in which the party vets both clergy and services. Most attend unregistered ones, which vary from cramped house groups such as Mr Xu’s to...
China’s desert-taming “green Great Wall” is not as great as it sounds
AN EX-ARMY LORRY chugs across the desert outside Minqin, a town in the north-western province of Gansu. It is delivering water to a team of about 20 people planting saxaul—a squat, spiky tree native to the area—on the banks of towering dunes. The hope is that the vegetation will anchor the ground and help prevent sand from sweeping through Minqin during wind storms in spring. Without these efforts, says one of the planters, the oasis town could be “eaten by the sand”.
Minqin is the seat of a county of the same name which is half the size of Belgium. It is surrounded on three sides by the Gobi desert (see map). On a warm evening the town’s neat central plaza is thronged with locals practising dance routines for exercise and entertainment. But their livelihoods are threatened by the desert, which in recent decades has been advancing on the town at an average rate of several metres a year. To help hold it at bay, officials plan to have shrubs and trees planted in the county. These will eventually form a belt more than 400km long, say reports in the state-controlled media.
China bristles at Western naval transits through the Taiwan Strait
AS DAWN BROKE on May 5th, Chinese warships began live-fire drills in the north of the Taiwan Strait, the 180km-wide waterway between China and Taiwan. Fishermen, who were told to stay clear until May 10th, will be getting used to passing shells. In April 2018 the Chinese navy held its first live-fire exercise there for three years. The Taiwan Strait now seems thick with warships—and not only with China’s.
Last month the passage of a French frigate through the strait angered China. It complained that the passage was “illegal” and barred France from a multi-country ceremony to mark the Chinese navy’s 70th anniversary. The suggestion of illegality—later removed from the website of China’s defence ministry—raised eyebrows. It seemed to imply that China was staking a claim to an entire international waterway.
That did not discourage a pair of American destroyers from sailing through the strait a few weeks later, on April 28th. The US Navy said the transit showed America’s “commitment to a free and open Indo-Pacific”. It was the fourth such American passage in 2019, according to figures released by America’s Pacific Fleet in May and first reported by the South China Morning Post, a newspaper in Hong Kong.
American naval transits rose from an average of under six per year between 2007 and 2010,...
China worries about how study in Taiwan might affect its students
SIPPING ICED coffee at a trendy restaurant in Tainan, a city in southern Taiwan, Li Jiabao appears calm despite the attention the 20-year-old student’s outspoken views have recently attracted on the island’s campuses. Mr Li is a student of pharmacy from the eastern Chinese province of Shandong. In March he released a startling self-recorded video in which he denounced China’s decision, unveiled about a year ago, to scrap the ten-year term limit for the presidency. He compared China’s current leader, Xi Jinping, to an “emperor”. Most Chinese students in Taiwan keep quiet about politics at home. But Mr Li says living in Taiwan’s “model democracy” inspired him to speak out. Last month he applied for political asylum there.
Liberal thinkers in China have long been fascinated by Taiwan’s politics because of the island’s close cultural and historical links with the mainland. At the end of the Chinese civil war in 1949, the defeated Kuomintang (KMT), or Nationalist Party, took refuge on the island and ruled it with the same contempt for democracy that the victorious Communist Party displayed in China. But Taiwan succeeded economically, producing a middle class that began pushing for reform. Eventually, in 1996, Taiwan held its first democratic presidential election. The KMT won but the next time, four years later, it was defeated.
Calls to harden the West’s defences against China suggest despair
THE HISTORY of attempts to contain modern China is not a happy one. The Soviet Union tried it in 1960 when Mao Zedong’s insouciance about nuclear war—he had suggested that such a conflict would kill more imperialists than socialists, leaving the world ruined but Red—alarmed Nikita Khrushchev. Soviet technical advisers, including nuclear-weapons experts who shredded all documents they could not carry, were withdrawn from China. Chinese technicians reassembled the shreds, recovering clues which helped China test an atom bomb four years later.
The lesson was clear. Withdrawing assistance from a threatening China may be rational, but a China that succeeds anyway, and then feels less dependent on outsiders, is not necessarily safer.
It is not a lesson that has much resonance in America today. Whatever happens with the trade war started by President Donald Trump, America is hardening itself against China. Moves are afoot to wall off sensitive technologies behind export controls, tariff barriers and tougher investment-screening rules. With varying degrees of success, American officials are leaning on allies in Europe and elsewhere to shun such Chinese firms as Huawei, a telecommunications giant. Amid allegations of rampant, China-directed espionage on campuses, America is tightening visa rules for Chinese students of science...
“Avengers: Endgame” has been an unusual hit in China
EVEN IF IT did not boast a character called Captain America, the superhero film “Avengers: Endgame” is a very obviously American spectacle. Beyond its swagger and expensive special effects, the Marvel comic book film series, of which this is the final instalment, celebrates flawed, individualistic superheroes. That the film just broke Chinese box-office records for its opening weekend could lead outsiders to assume that the American and Chinese film markets—the world’s two largest—are converging. In fact China’s film world is becoming more distinctive and self-confident.
Hollywood producers have bet fair sums of money, over the years, on the idea that American and Chinese audiences are not so very different, and will laugh, weep and cheer at the same, carefully globalised movies. China has a habit of proving them wrong. The “Avengers” series has a large but distinctive set of fans in China, who often say they love the films precisely because they identify with its misfit heroes, struggling with a harsh, judgmental world.
Over 1.7bn cinema tickets were sold in China last year, a domestic record. Most sales were driven by locally made hits in which the stories ranged from Chinese military heroics overseas (“Operation Red Sea”) to a bittersweet drama about cancer (“Dying to Survive”). Though Hollywood had a respectable...
Space-themed tourism is taking off in China
MEALWORMS WRIGGLE on a shelf in the botanical module of Mars Base 1, a simulated Martian habitat on the edge of the Gobi desert in western China. Guo Jiayu, a guide, tells a group of wide-eyed schoolchildren that, mashed up, such larvae could be part of the diet of astronauts should they reach the red planet. Elsewhere in the complex (pictured), neon-lit corridors lead to sleeping compartments and a control centre. Through an airlock lined with spacesuits awaits a rover, ready for exploring the rocky expanse outside.
The small installation is near Jinchang, a nickel-mining city in the western province of Gansu. It was built last year at a cost of around 50m yuan ($7.5m) by Bai Fan, a garrulous British-educated entrepreneur with the backing of private investors. For now Mr Bai is mainly using the base to teach students about travel to Mars. Eventually he hopes the facility will become the centrepiece of a resort. His company has secured the right to develop 67 square kilometres of the surrounding desert—an area bigger than Manhattan. The base has already hosted a reality television show, in which six celebrities pretended to be astronauts facing life-threatening challenges.
Businesspeople across China see money-making possibilities in the country’s quest for space-faring achievement. In January China became the first...
The Communist Party grapples with a momentous anniversary
A SHORT WALK from Tiananmen Square, young carworkers wearing company tracksuits stand with their fists in the air. They are renewing their vows to the Communist Youth League by chanting promises to “resolutely support” the Communist Party and “strictly follow” the league’s regulations. When they step aside for a group photo, 40 students from a technical college take their place to make their own pledges of loyalty. A growing queue of youngsters waits nearby to do the same.
The oath-swearing spot is in the courtyard of an imposing edifice of russet brick, known as the Red Building. A century ago it belonged to Peking University, one of China’s most prestigious seats of learning (now in a north-western suburb). There is a striking contrast between these professions of faith in a dictatorial party and an exhibition the same young people are taken to see inside the building. It is about the students who, 100 years ago on May 4th, set off from the Red Building and other sites around the city to join a protest at Tiananmen provoked by the shabby treatment of China by its allies after the first world war. The Treaty of Versailles had awarded a former German colony in China to Japan.
Today May 4th is officially celebrated as Youth Day. Its significance is strongly contested. The party recalls the May 4th Movement, which refers...
Four prominent activists in Hong Kong are jailed
PRO COMMUNIST Party newspapers in Hong Kong call them the “black hands”: the activists who inspired the “Umbrella Movement” of 2014 involving 79 days of sit-ins and demonstrations in busy commercial areas in support of democratic reform. On April 24th a court in Hong Kong sentenced eight of them, including four who were sent to jail. Two academics, Benny Tai (pictured) and Chan Kin-man, received the stiffest punishment: 16 months behind bars. A Baptist minister, Chu Yiu-Ming, was given the same sentence, but his term was suspended. Human-rights groups say the jailings will have a chilling effect on free speech. China would like that.
China tries to calm jitters about the “Belt and Road” initiative
CHINESE ENGINEERS are drilling their way through the green hills of Laos, clearing a path for a railway that one day may traverse South-East Asia. Each time they complete a tunnel—at least three times in the past month—they hold a brief ceremony, waving Chinese flags for the cameras. They are celebrating not just their engineering success but also the evidence before them that the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), China’s global infrastructure-building scheme, is making progress. The full railway is a long way off. Work has barely begun in Thailand, the next link. But the section in Laos should be in use by 2021.
It will be a test of what many see as a big economic danger of the BRI: that it will saddle poor countries with unmanageable debts. China insists that its tens of billions of dollars in loans and investments are fostering global prosperity—a message that it is sure to repeat to foreign leaders attending the second Belt and Road Forum, which takes place from April 25th to 27th in Beijing (pictured is a floral display marking the event). But worries about the cost of the BRI, a project closely linked with President Xi Jinping’s foreign policy, have become widespread. Malaysia, Pakistan and Sierra Leone are among a growing list of countries that have delayed or scrapped China-led projects.
There are three main...
China throws a revealing party for the anniversary of its navy
Economist - Tue, 04/23/2019 - 19:14
AS MILITARY PAGEANTS go, multinational parades of warships deliver quite a complex message. Over a dozen countries—ranging from friends to overt rivals—sent naval vessels to the eastern Chinese city of Qingdao on April 23rd. There they steamed past a destroyer carrying China’s commander-in-chief, President Xi Jinping, in honour of the 70th anniversary of the founding of the People’s Liberation Army Navy.
Paint gleaming and brass fittings buffed to a hospital shine, there were frigates from near-allies such as Russia, and destroyers from almost-foes like India. Their mission was friendship and diplomacy. But these were heavily armed peace envoys, warily visiting a China whose emergence as an ocean-going nation is shaking Asia, and may one day change the world. Visitors involved in territorial disputes with China, including Japan and Vietnam, sent ships bristling with weaponry. America sent no ships at all.
China sent mixed messages, too. As the celebrations began, the visitors were hailed by Mr Xi as a sort of floating United Nations. A peace-loving China yearned to work with foreign navies to secure international sea-lanes and safeguard the ocean’s riches, Mr Xi declared. On state television presenters noted that, as a mainstay of anti-piracy patrols in the Gulf of Aden since 2008, the Chinese navy had escorted more...
Hope remains for Western solidarity. Look at embassies in Beijing
Economist - Wed, 04/17/2019 - 16:54
CHINA’S MESSAGE to the Western world has been called an argument in three parts. In order, it runs: China’s rise is inevitable; there are rich rewards for those who co-operate with it; resistance is futile. In the tree-lined embassy districts of China’s capital, there is no debate about the country’s rise, which inspires a mix of admiration, greed and dread. But the rest of the argument inspires more scepticism.
Take that second claim about rewards awaiting China’s partners. Diplomats describe much greater realism in their internal discussions. Their views are affected, inevitably, by the apparent consensus in Washington that China is a threat, bent on growing richer and more powerful at America’s expense. But there has also been a broader change of mood. Only a few years ago, it is related, as soon as envoys sat to dine, “stealth boasting” would start. Isn’t China tricky, the envoys would sigh—though, of course, my country’s relations with it are rosy. Such bragging has become rarer.
Diplomats say that the new realism extends to countries like Germany, whose trusted brands and sought-after technology seemed to give it an upper hand in a symbiotic relationship with China. Even the biggest firms find themselves in competition with state-backed Chinese rivals that mean to defeat and replace them. France and Britain are...
Office workers in China organise a rare online labour movement
IN THE WORLD’S most censored region of cyberspace, finding an unpatrolled spot to air shared grievances is hard. Yet disgruntled Chinese software developers have recently found one at their fingertips: GitHub, a platform owned by Microsoft that allows developers to help each other build software. Fed up with the grindingly long work hours imposed on them by China’s internet giants, this collective has recently built something else—a movement demanding more humane office hours and calling out the worst corporate offenders.
Their beef is the “996” regime, which refers to a work schedule of 9am to 9pm, six days a week, often without extra pay. Toiling such hours has become an unspoken rule in the frenetic world of Chinese tech. In late March anonymous activists created a webpage called 996.icu (the letters standing for “intensive care unit”). On it they listed firms at fault, including 58.com, a site for classified ads that popularised the 996 approach in 2016. A page with the same name was also set up on GitHub, which was also used to host a sister project called “955.wlb” (standing for “work-life balance”). This celebrates firms with more relaxed working hours. Almost all of those listed are foreign ones.
The anti-996 campaigners have a point. In 2016 Didi Chuxing, a ride-hailing giant, ranked the most “hardcore”...
In a Chinese border town, officials try a new approach to immigration
WHEN HE IS home in his native Vietnam, Nhi Quang Ninh spends part of the year on farms and part of it down coal mines. Since last year, however, he has been finding more rewarding work in southern China. The polite 24-year-old waits for a permit at a visa office in Dongxing, a Chinese city with a beguiling old town that is separated from Vietnam by a shallow, narrow river. The job he has secured in a nearby brick factory pays about as well as his previous stints as a miner, but is a lot less dangerous.
Vietnamese have been crossing into China for years in search of work. They have often come illegally, especially when demand for labour spikes during the sugar-cane harvest. Some have obtained three-day work passes reserved for residents of Vietnam’s borderlands. (Vietnamese traders in Dongxing are on the left of the picture above.) A Vietnamese migrant who sells fruit beneath the city’s busy border bridge says she has been serially renewing hers for five years.
But under a scheme begun in 2017, Chinese firms in Dongxing and several nearby cities can now legally hire Vietnamese on monthly renewable visas, says Su Shihao, a local employment agent. The aim is in part to help manufacturing firms in Guangxi, a largely agricultural province, and in part to replace local residents who have left to find work in more prosperous...
Many Chinese suffer discrimination based on their regional origin
THE SCHOOLCHILDREN started to vomit. Some fell unconscious and were whisked into hospital. Angry parents demanded an explanation. The food-poisoning scandal quickly lit up Chinese social media. A kindergarten teacher in the central province of Henan was detained—accused of adding sodium nitrite, which can be toxic in large doses, to the meal boxes of at least 23 pupils late last month.
Most comments online have focused on the evil of the act and have expressed sympathy for the parents. But a surprising number have noted the alleged perpetrator’s home province. “I’m not surprised. Henan people would stoop to anything,” says one commentator on Baidu Tieba, a social-networking site. “Apart from wicked, I can’t think of another word to describe Henan people,” chimes in someone with more than 50,000 followers on Weibo, China’s version of Twitter, who identifies himself as a financial journalist.
Han Chinese are more than 90% of the population and their prejudice against ethnic minorities is well documented. In Tibet and Xinjiang it has reinforced the Communist Party’s repressive tendencies. Discrimination by Han people against members of their own ethnic group is less well-known, but also common. Its consequences are not as appalling, but it makes life tough for tens of millions of people. Over the past three decades it has...
Two cities tussle over who makes the tastiest Sichuan hotpot
CHENGDU, THE capital of Sichuan province, has an ancient rivalry with Chongqing, a city to its south-east. Residents of Chongqing accuse their Chengdu cousins of being pompous. The people of Chongqing are hotheads, Chengdu dwellers shoot back. Both cities share a love of spice-laden Sichuan cuisine, which in recent decades has conquered Chinese palates. But they are at war over which has the best Sichuan hotpot—a type of DIY-cooking that involves boiling vegetables and slices of meat in a communal broth with chillies and numbing peppercorns.
A private museum in Chongqing, opened several years ago, makes the case for Chongqing-style hotpot. It describes how it developed from a method used to make cheap offcuts of meat taste delicious. But Chengdu is playing catch-up. In January the city sold a plot of land on condition that the developer build a hotpot museum on part of it. Such presumptuous behaviour will test the famous fiery tempers of Chongqing-ites. Chengdu may be the capital of Sichuan cuisine’s eponymous province, but Chongqing was part of Sichuan for long periods of history until 1997. It is now the capital of its own province-sized region, which is also called Chongqing.
The two cities are among many in China with their own styles of hotpot. The stories behind these dishes reveal how different regions like to...
Need a metaphor for a rising China? Try its national curling squad
IN THE PAST athletes in China had a particular image problem, reports Lei Yi, a sports official. Almost universally, she regrets to say, people thought that sports were for strong, fit people who “don’t have a brain”. Happily, views have changed. Specifically, says Ms Lei, sports are seen as a way to teach young Chinese useful lessons about working hard, believing in themselves and in their team, and not giving up easily.
If Ms Lei’s case for sports sounds a little light on fun and heavy on improving virtues, she has an excuse. She is a team leader from China’s General Administration of Sport, and has less than four years to prepare a dozen perfectly trained athletes for the Beijing Winter Olympics in 2022. Her domain is curling, a team game played on ice that was almost unknown in China 20 years ago. Almost five centuries after matches were first recorded on the frozen ponds of Scotland and the Low Countries, curling has been declared a sport that plays to China’s strengths.
Curling is a bit like lawn bowls, except played on ice with a lump of polished granite that can, as it glides, have its trajectory altered by team-mates madly scrubbing the ice in its path. The stone’s squat shape gives the sport its Chinese name of binghu, or “ice kettle”. The central authorities and local governments are...
Beijing is building a colossal new airport
OFFICIALS USE many superlatives to describe a massive new airport nearing completion in Daxing district on Beijing’s southern edge. It deserves them all. The golden-roofed terminal (pictured) is a triumph of design by Zaha Hadid, an Iraqi-born British architect who died in 2016, a few days after work on the edifice began. At 180,000 square metres the building’s steel roof, they say, is the largest of any airport terminal. The ground floor has the world’s biggest seamless single slab of concrete. It covers nearly 250,000 square metres, roughly the area of 35 football pitches. The state-owned firm in charge of building the airport says construction has involved “unprecedented” difficulty.
It was only just over a decade ago that the capital was boasting the completion of what it then called the world’s largest man-made structure—terminal three of the current main aviation hub, Beijing Capital international airport. That building (also designed by a British architect), along with a new runway, more than doubled the airport’s capacity to 80m passengers per year. Last year, however, Capital airport handled more than 100m travellers, making it the world’s second-busiest, after Atlanta in America. Beijing is “very ready for another new airport”, says a foreign airline executive. Daxing airport will have four runways, compared with three at...
A draft bill would allow Hong Kong to hand suspects to China’s police
“TRUSTING CHINA is like trusting pigs can climb trees!” read one of the many sardonic placards held by protesters. Despite a chilly drizzle, thousands of Hong Kongers rallied at the headquarters of the territory’s government on March 31st. Many chanted slogans denouncing Carrie Lam, Hong Kong’s chief executive. Pro-democracy activists delivered rousing speeches. A little farther out, a gaggle of masked demonstrators waved banners calling for Hong Kong’s independence.
The demonstration was about a bill that, for the first time since Hong Kong’s return to Chinese rule in 1997, would allow the extradition of criminal suspects from the territory to China’s mainland. On April 3rd a draft was presented to Hong Kong’s legislature, which is all but certain to approve it. By China’s design, pro-establishment lawmakers have a majority.
Under their “one country, two systems” arrangement, Hong Kong and the mainland are separate jurisdictions. The territory has concluded its own extradition deals with 20 other countries, including America, Britain, Canada and Germany. But Hong Kong’s law on the surrender of fugitives, which was passed shortly before the handover, in effect prohibited the handing over of suspects to the mainland by specifying that the legislation does not apply to “any part” (later amended to “any other part”) of...
China’s “social credit” scheme involves cajolery and sanctions
JUST OVER a year ago, the eastern city of Suqian announced a plan to score the “trustworthiness” of every adult resident. Everyone would start with 1,000 points. They could get more for performing good deeds, such as voluntary work, giving blood, donating bone-marrow or being a model worker. Points would be deducted for bad behaviour such as defaulting on loans, late payment of utility bills, breaking the rules of the road or being convicted of a crime. Scores would be recalculated monthly and allow residents to be sorted into eight categories, from AAA (model citizen) to D (untrustworthy).
Suqian calls the system “Xichu Points”, after the ancient kingdom of Western Chu to which the area once belonged. It appears to be up and running. A government office in the city offers leaflets explaining how it works. Residents can look up their rating by entering their identity-card number into a mini-app running on WeChat, a popular instant-messaging programme. Their score is indicated by a virtual pointer on a dial that is coloured green at one extreme and red at the other. Scorers at the green end can receive rewards, such as a discount of up to 80 yuan ($12) a month on local-transport passes and admission to hospital without having to pay a deposit.
Such citizen-scoring schemes are still uncommon. But in recent years a growing...
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TCK Reunions – An Invisible Bond
Image ~ June 25, 2016 ~ Marilyn
TCK Reunions—an invisible bond by Robynn
“A Third Culture Kid (TCK) is a person who has spent a significant part of his or her developmental years outside the parents’ culture. The TCK frequently builds relationships to all of the cultures, while not having full ownership in any. Although elements from each culture may be assimilated into the TCK’s life experience, the sense of belonging is in relationship to others of similar background.”—David Pollock
A TCK is “someone who, as a child, has spent a significant period of time in one or more culture(s) other than [their] own, thus integrating elements of those cultures and their own birth culture, into a third culture.” –Kay Eakin
TCKs tend to have more in common with one another, regardless of nationality, than they do with non-TCKs from their passport country.[3][4] TCKs are often multilingual and highly accepting of other cultures. Although moving between countries may become an easy thing for some TCKs, after a childhood spent in other cultures, adjusting to their passport country often takes years.
Before World War II, 66% of TCKs came from missionary families, and 16% came from business families. After World War II, with the increase of international business and the rise of two international superpowers, the composition of international families changed. Sponsors are generally broken down into five categories: missionary (17%), business (16%), government (23%), military (30%), and “other” (14%).[5] Some TCK families migrate for work independently of any organization based in their country of origin. –Wikipedia
There are a group of us who bear no identifying marks. We don’t have the same accent, we don’t pronounce or even necessarily spell words the same way. We can’t tell one another at first glance. We don’t wear the “home team” t-shirt.
But when we meet, and we know we’ve met, it’s like we’re from the same place. We greet each other, we carry on, we tell stories, we laugh wholeheartedly. It doesn’t matter the age difference, the nationality, the gender. We connect.
It’s a very strange phenomenon.
This is what happens when Third Culture Kids meet other Third Culture Kids.
I’ve had this experience often. Two years ago I was sent to a college campus to recruit students for a non-profit agency. The other two representatives were both men, Peter and William. Peter grew up in Kenya and attended Rift Valley Academy. William on the other hand spent his childhood in the Ivory Coast where he attended Ivory Coast Academy. I was raised in Pakistan and went to Murree Christian School. The three of us all graduated in 1988, we all attended different colleges across North America, we all currently live in different corners of the world. And yet meeting up with these two men and working together for the weekend was like attending a reunion. We had so much in common. We laughed easily at the same jokes. Our banter was full of sarcasm and cynicism. We tried to outdo each other with airport stories and travel escapades.
What was interesting was the number of TCK students we quickly developed a rapport with who stopped by our booth. These students were from all over the globe. Instantly the three of us middle-aged adults bonded to these young college kids. We shared history and an invisible connection even though we had never met, had never visited their childhood homes, had never met their parents.
This past spring, I had the privilege of traveling to Turkey where I stayed in a retreat center surrounded by mountains. It was spectacular. However, the highlight of the trip was meeting a new friend, Ruth. Ruth too is a TCK. She grew up, in Iran, although her family left there when she was fifteen. The remainder of her high school years were spent in the US. Like me, she is a TCK. She’s eight years older than me but you would never know it. We were immediately close friends. I know it sounds trite and impossible. But it really happened. We jumped into each others stories and souls. We connected. We understood each other. There were so many things we didn’t have to explain, things we could assume. It’s a wonderful relief to meet someone from your “home town”.
My husband works closely with Ed Brown, who is incidentally Marilyn’s older brother. In March 2011 we travelled north to visit Ed and his wife Susannah. Both Ed and Susannah are adult TCK’s; like me they both grew up in Pakistan. Although they’re considerably older than I am, we were astounded by how similar we are. We share the same sense of humour, similar political views, similar passions and pastimes. It was uncanny.
TCKs don’t have the privilege of returning “home” for Christmas. We don’t run into each other when we’re back in “town”—we are spread globally, we’ve settled internationally. When we happen to meet another it’s a sweet treat, a kind reminder that we are not alone, that we’re not completely strange or forever foreign.
There are others out there just like me. That might worry those who know me…but for me, it’s a comforting reality that brings me joy!
Posted in Fridays with Robynn, Relationships, Third Culture Kid ExpatGlobal NomadTCKThird Culture KidTravel
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February 5, 2016 By Peter Johns
VIDEO: Female Reporter Sexually Assaulted During Live TV Report At Carnival
While reporting on live TV from a well-attended festival in the Alter Markt district in Cologne, a female Belgian journalist was subjected to rude sexual gestures by festival attendees and then was sexually assaulted.
Ms Esmeralda Labye, journalist for Radio Television Belge de la Communaute Francaise (RTBF), was reporting about how such sexual attacks perpetrated by ‘foreigners’ had occurred in Cologne on the New Year’s Eve celebrations not far from the site she was standing when a man grabbed her breast.
“At first they were just making faces behind me. Then a hand landed on my breast. I was shocked,” said Labye.
The video shows the men appeared to have a European appearance. Labye elaborated about the filming, “My piece to camera was chaotic, people showing middle fingers, a man who was having fun miming a sex act behind me and above all the hand place on my breast.”
Police have not released information about the identities of the men involved, although they expressed confidence they would apprehend them since the incident was caught on camera. The city of Cologne has apologized to Labye.
The city has been on edge since the events of New Year’s Eve received prominent publication. Police presence for the carnival were doubled to 2,000 police officers.
Police reported a record 18 sexual assaults including 1 rape on the first night of the Carnival. According to The Local, police confirmed they had arrested a 17-year-old asylum seeker on suspicion of committing rape.
Cologne police director, Michael Temme, attributed the increase in the number of reported incidents to women being more willing to report them.
“I don’t want to play down the incident,” Temme said. “But it shows women are more prepared to report incidents.”
After the first day of festivities, in addition to the sexual assaults, there were 143 cases of bodily harm and 30 robberies, for a total of 224 crimes reported, and 181 arrests made. There were 11 police officers who reported injuries, according to their report.
h/t TheLocal, DailyMail, Spiegal
Filed Under: Headline Stories, Video
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Science Says: Smiling Does Bring a Mood Boost
THURSDAY, April 11, 2019 (HealthDay News) -- Here's something to make you smile: Turning that frown upside down does make folks feel a little happier, researchers conclude.
While most of us might know this instinctively, academics have not always been sure.
"Conventional wisdom tells us that we can feel a little happier if we simply smile. Or that we can get ourselves in a more serious mood if we scowl," said lead researcher Nicholas Coles, a graduate student in social psychology at the University of Tennessee, Knoxville.
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"But psychologists have actually disagreed about this idea for over 100 years," Coles noted in a school news release.
The controversy over the theory was heightened in 2016 when 17 teams of researchers weren't able to replicate a well-known experiment that claimed to show that smiling can make people feel happier.
A much bigger pool of data was needed, Coles said.
"Some studies have not found evidence that facial expressions can influence emotional feelings," he said. "But we can't focus on the results of any one study. Psychologists have been testing this idea since the early 1970s, so we wanted to look at all the evidence."
So Coles and his colleagues analyzed nearly 50 years of data from 138 studies that tried to determine whether facial expressions can affect people's moods. The studies included more than 11,000 people worldwide.
The researchers' conclusion: Facial expressions do have a small effect on feelings: Smiling makes people feel happier, scowling makes them feel angrier, and frowning makes them feel sadder.
The study was published in the journal Psychological Bulletin.
Coles stressed that no one should toss their antidepressants and just start grinning instead.
"We don't think that people can smile their way to happiness," he said. "But these findings are exciting because they provide a clue about how the mind and the body interact to shape our conscious experience of emotion. We still have a lot to learn about these facial feedback effects, but this meta-analysis put us a little closer to understanding how emotions work."
HelpGuide.org offers happiness tips.
SOURCE: University of Tennessee, Knoxville, news release, April 11, 2019
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Belgrade’s Republic Square – Wanna meet?
Date: 25 March, 2017 By Destinelo Categories: Things To Do Tags: Belgrade No comments
If you want to discover Belgrade, the central Republic Square would be a good place to start. It is the center of the city in many ways: surrounded by some of Belgrade’s most recognizable public buildings and streets, it is one of the busiest places in the city. It is also a main transportation hub with many lines of public transportation passing through the square.
In the middle of it all, the iconic statue of Prince Mihailo Obrenovic riding a horse has become a main meeting point in the city for local young people. It was Prince Mihailo, a Serbian prince of the Obrenovic royal dynasty, who obtained the keys of Belgrade, ending the 500 year Ottoman rule of the country in the 19th century. The main pedestrian street, Knez Mihailova, next to Republic Square was named after Prince Mihailo as a tribute to him and the period that represented a fresh start for the country.
The present square was formed after the 1866 demolition of the infamous Stambol Gate, the main gate of the Belgrade Fortress (named after the road which led through it to Constantinople) and the construction of the National Theatre in 1869 which is one of the most well-known public buildings surrounding the emblematic horse statue along with the building of the National Museum.
The current name, Republic Square, was given in honor of the proclamation of the Republic of Yugoslavia in 1945.
Today, Republic Square hosts concerts, protests and various other events. Numerous fast food and pizza stands surround the square.
Why visit: Meeting point, People, Knez Mihailova street, National theatre, Cafes, Fast food, Public transportation hub.
Also known as: Trg, Trg Republike, Pozorišni Trg, Kod Konja (at the Horse), Centar
If you want to discover Belgrade, you can find numerous apartments in Belgrade city center on our website.
35 Accommodation1 Tours0 Cruises0 Car rentals
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Tag / Amazon
Monday May 5th 2014 Monday May 5th 2014 by Xavier Voigt-Hill
Amazon Cart launches, allowing lazy shoppers to consumerise without leaving Twitter
Quick Post, Retail, Social Networks
#AmazonBasket, #AmazonCart, Amazon, Twitter
[youtube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iAm6pa9hPKA]
For all of us who find clicking on Amazon links and pressing buttons to add products to shopping carts mind-numbingly tedious, Amazon and Twitter’s new partnership promises to revolutionise how we shop in the most #social way ever. Enter #AmazonCart (or #AmazonBasket for my fellow Brits). Once you’ve linked your Amazon and Twitter accounts, you can add any product to your Amazon purchase queue by tweeting #AmazonCart in reply to a tweet that contains an Amazon product link. Of course what this doesn’t tell you is how much the product is, whether it is any good or if you can find a better deal elsewhere. Much of this can be solved by clicking on the link, but then what’s the point in this new scheme? Click on a link, take a peek and tap a button sounds a lot faster, simpler and consumer-savvy than seeing a tweet, pressing reply, typing out a response to (what is most likely) your brand of choice or a friend who couldn’t actually care any less about your chronic purchasing habits, scribbling #AmazonCart at the end and then tweeting your response.
But #hashtags, right?
Tuesday September 3rd 2013 Tuesday December 31st 2013 by Xavier Voigt-Hill
After inadvertent unveiling, Amazon’s new Kindle Paperwhite is up for pre-order
E-readers, Quick Post
2nd generation, 3G, Amazon, E-reader, Glowlight, Kindle, Nook, Paperwhite, Pre-order, WiFi
Amazon’s latest Kindle Paperwhite appeared briefly in a product page this morning, but swiftly disappeared. Soon enough, however, a pre-order page popped up for it on both the UK and US storefronts. The price remains constant, at £109/$139 for the base WiFi model without special offers, but for your dosh you’ll get a screen with even higher contrast and less reflectivity, GoodReads integration, a 25% faster processor and a 19% increase in touch sensitivity thanks to a tighter touch grid. What remains the same from the original model that we reviewed earlier this year is everything else, including 8 weeks of battery life with typical reading and wireless connectivity disabled and the best dedicated e-reader money can buy today. Orders placed today will ship from September 30th in the States and October 6th in the UK, while variants with free worldwide 3G connectivity are promised for early November. Continue reading →
Friday February 1st 2013 Saturday March 9th 2013 by Neil Thomas
E-readers, Reviews
Amazon, Book, books, E-book, E-reader, Glowlight, Kindle, Light, literature, Paperwhite, Review, Touch
With the launch of the original Kindle in 2007, Amazon revolutionised the ebook and print industry. With its e-ink screen and thin construction, it allowed for people to literally fit entire libraries into their pockets. Couple that with Amazon’s free worldwide 3G service and its best-in-class content library, and you have a winner. And so it has been – four generations of Kindle have come and gone. All of them have been very successful, and now it is time for the fifth. Since its launch, Amazon have been diversifying it’s lineup – with larger, smaller, cheaper and keyboard-equipped variants of the Kindle. This time around, they have done the same. They upgraded the base model with a new black body and higher resolution screen along with a £20 price drop and ushered in the Kindle Paperwhite while expanding on the LCD equipped tablet lineup they began last year with the Kindle Fire. Today, I am going to be reviewing the Kindle Paperwhite – the successor to last year’s wildly popular Kindle Touch. Does it live up to the hype? Is the new ‘glowing’ screen any good? Read on to find out.
Kindle Paperwhite (left) and previous generation Kindle Touch
There is an old saying – if it ain’t broke, don’t fix it – and Amazon has certainly abided by this for the fifth generation Kindle lineup, with both the Kindle and the Kindle Paperwhite being almost identical to their predecessors in terms of design. However, both devices have got a new lick of matte black (fingerprint magnetic) paint. However, not everything is the same. The Paperwhite is lighter, thinner and sleeker then the Kindle Touch, while also getting rid of the home button. This is definitely one of the timeless classic designs, much like the original iPhone. These improvements haven’t come without a cost though. The new Kindle has done away with the text-to-speech function with the omission of the 3.5mm headphone jack and speakers. There is also less storage – not that it would matter with ebooks being as small as they are.
The Paperwhite’s biggest new feature is the inclusion of an integrated light – a functionality that Amazon used to force you to buy a £50 case to obtain. This frontlight makes the screen ‘glow’, and this is done with LEDs on the edge, which are shone onto an overlay on the screen. This overlay bounces light off the screen, and at you – not causing eye strain like the backlit LCD displays on the majority of tablets.
And now for the question lots of people have been asking – “Does it work well?”. Short answer – yes. The screen can be very bright for pitch black situations, or dimmer to supplement natural light around you. There is some minor inconsistencies in light distribution around the edge of the display but nothing major that would impede the readability of the screen. The new Kindle also swaps out the infrared touchscreen of old with a new higher resolution smartphone style capacitive display. It is a lot clearer, less inset and refresh times are miles better. I did notice some very slight burn in, especially after leaving a book on a page for over 5 minutes, but it was nothing to worry about.
Kindle software of old was heavily focused on the reading experience – browsing your library, keeping track of your reading etc. With the new Kindle generation, Amazon have brought in a much more tablet-style operating system. It has front cover previews, suggested items on the home screen and other things too. To be honest, I don’t really like the new software as it is a bit more cumbersome to navigate what’s important (your books) and it makes certain information a lot smaller, such as how far you are through a book. As it is an e-reader, there isn’t too much to talk about, but you are now missing the ability to playback MP3 files as there is no speaker or headphone jack, which is a bit annoying but by no means a dealbreaker.
However, there is one place where Amazon is an undisputed king – it’s content library. Pretty much any ebook you can name is on the Kindle Store – almost always at a discounted price compared to the physical copies, and Amazon’s usual array of daily deals and fantastic sales (including Yann Martel’s Life of Pi for just 20p) help to ensure that, for heavy readers, Kindles are unquestionably cheaper in the long run than paper books. Amazon has also become a publisher, allowing people to publish their books without any fuss straight to Kindle, and they have also restarted the old fashioned trade of releasing chapter a week books, much like Dickens would have done. Amazon’s Kindle library is ever growing – and with subscription services like Prime – it is reason enough to buy a Kindle.
The Kindle has had (and still does have) astonishing battery life. This is most likely due to the fact that the e-ink display only uses battery to turn the pages, and also due to the great power management technologies used by Amazon. This year, it has become a whole lot more complicated with the inclusion of the light. Now that has to be powered, there was expected to be a huge hit to the battery life. Not so. According to Amazon’s statistics – and roughly corroborated by our own testing – the Kindle Paperwhite will power through 8 weeks of typical reading even with the light on. This figure is with wireless turned off, but it is impressive nonetheless. It really is fantastic to be able to use a device for extended periods of time without having to worry at all about running out of juice.
Amazon has hit the nail on the head with the Kindle Paperwhite. With great hardware, an unmatched bookstore and a great price, the flagship of Amazon’s e-ink lineup is both the best e-reader out there and a worthy bearer of the Kindle nomenclature. I would have no trouble at all recommending this to anyone, and it certainly has boosted the amount of time I spend reading.
Monday August 6th 2012 Tuesday August 14th 2012 by Xavier Voigt-Hill
Amazon ventures into social gaming with the release of Living Classics for Facebook
Gaming, Social Networks
Amazon, Facebook, Hidden object, Living Classics, Social gaming, Zynga
Having made a big hiring push earlier this year, the first product of Amazon’s push into the potentially lucrative social gaming market has been unveiled. Living Classics is a hidden object game that encourages players to find moving objects in worlds inspired by classic books such as Alice In Wonderland and while it is free-to-play, users are inundated with opportunities to buy cash and coins, which in turn unlock new levels and give you more ‘energy’ with which to play. On the studio website, the AGS team explained what led the e-commerce giant into the social gaming market, where even companies such as Zynga continue to stumble.
We know that many Amazon customers enjoy playing games – including free-to-play social games – and thanks to Amazon’s know-how, we believe we can deliver a great, accessible gaming experience that gamers and our customers can play any time.
Whether this venture will prove profitable for Amazon remains to be seen. If Living Classics sounds like your kind of social game, watch the trailer below and give the game a whirl yourself over on Facebook.
[youtube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ml-jlpds90o]
Via John Herrmann (Twitter)
Source Amazon Game Studios
Monday May 21st 2012 by Alex Kowszun
Future of paper books doubtful as Waterstones strikes deal to sell Amazon Kindle
E-readers, Retail, Video
Amazon, Barnes & Noble, Book, E-reader, HMV, James Daunt, Jeff Bezos, Kindle, Kobo, Nook, Paper, Retail, tablet, Waterstones
Waterstones have announced that they will sell Amazon’s popular Kindle e-reader in its UK stores along with their standard paper books. James Daunt, managing director of Waterstones, stated that it is “a truly exciting prospect”. He claimed that there is no point in competing with the best digital electronic book readers and so will instead partner with the Kindle, after sales of paper books have fallen in recent years due to the emergence of e-readers such as the Kindle and Barnes & Noble’s Nook.
Kindle has a massive market share of digital book reading in the UK, and Waterstones will start to take a cut of it
Although Daunt claims that they will harness “the respective strengths of Waterstones and Amazon to provide a dramatically better digital reading experience for our customers” surely they are just shooting themselves in the foot. By selling them in their shops they are further promoting their rivals in the book industry.
Waterstones have even said that they are currently planning their own e-book reader, but whether that will kick off and keep Waterstones alive is yet to be seen.
James Daunt was appointed in his position after Russian billionaire Alexander Mamut bought the bookstore chain from HMV last summer. This new deal comes as a surprise since Daunt accused Amazon last December as being a “ruthless, money-making devil” and said “that they never struck me as being a sort of business in the consumer’s interest.” It now seems that they have given in to the ever growing popularity of the Kindle, even though it was believed that they were negotiating with US bookseller Barnes & Noble to bring the Nook to the UK.
This isn’t the only case of Amazon trying to take control, after they released a mobile app where you scan products in a shop and compare it to Amazon’s rival price.
Personally I think that although this could help with Waterstones’ sales, which have fallen over the last few years due to these new ways of reading, they are potentially damaging their book sales and the integrity of their shop. However, I think that they have no choice to keep their company alive and keep customers coming to their shops by offering special Waterstones discounts on the Kindles and hope to draw people in to browse around. Although it seems Waterstones are doing all they can to stay in the now highly competitive market, you can’t help but feel that this is the next step in the decline of the traditional book store we all know and some of us cherish, but also the rise of the e-books, where it will be odd in the future if you don’t own a device capable of displaying such content, as it will become the normal thing for everyone to have. Major publishing companies need to watch out as they too need to change if they are to survive in this rapidly changing market.
Friday April 27th 2012 Saturday May 7th 2016 by James Hardy
Technophobia: The future of television
Technophobia, TV, Video
4oD, Amazon, BBC iPlayer, Community, Demand 5, Hastings, Hulu, ITV Player, John Logie Baird, LoveFilm, NBC, Netflix, Streaming, Technophobia, Television, The Apprentice, TV, TVCatchUp
Technophobia is a column by James Hardy. Views expressed are not necessarily those of Digixav.
Recently, as services such as Hulu and Netflix have taken off, and as consumers gradually move over to online TV services, is there a future for the television? Admittedly Hulu hasn’t yet hopped the pond to make the service available in the UK, but I’m sure it will only be a matter of time.
I live in Hastings, where a certain John Logie Baird lived, he being the one famed for creating television in 1925. Television has come a long way since then. We have colour TV, for starters, hundreds of channels, and many thousands of shows.
The television is still very popular. 50 million are sold each year. The average North American has three TVs in their house.
I have noticed that I don’t watch as much telly as I used to. One service I find fantastic is TVCatchup, a site where you can watch live TV, with around a ten second delay.
I do like American TV. For instance, in my opinion Community is the best, funniest show on TV right now. Bar none. But living in the UK, I can’t get access to it. So I may or may not allegedly possibly maybe download it a little bit illegally from sites such as isohunt and the now defunct btjunkie. Ahem. I won’t provide links to them due to laws which are trying to be pushed through by certain governments, but there is a thing called Google.
I do find services like iPlayer to be very useful. For instance, when I’ve missed the latest episode of The Apprentice, which seems to be most weeks. Side note – why does Match of the Day never go up on iPlayer? And 4oD is good, but why do they stop you seeing things after 30 days from when they are broadcast? I’m still not sure if I’ve seen the last episode of Peep Show! And as for Demand 5…
I personally don’t have an account to Hulu, Lovefilm or anything like that. I have tried out Netflix at someone else’s house, and I have to say, I like it. I like being able to watch that many shows and films whenever I want. Of course, Netflix also do a delivery service, though not in Britain, probably due to competition from Lovefilm, but I reckon that will die out quite soon.
It’s nice having shows whenever, because it is unbearable waiting til Thursday for the next Community episode (or Friday when I can download the thing). But at the same time that’s part of the fun. I think it just shows how lazy we humans are getting. We want everything whenever we feel like it, we don’t won’t to have to wait. Is that a good thing?
At the moment, in the US the rate of people moving from TV to internet services like Netflix is less than 1% per year. It isn’t a massive change. Yet.
I think Netflix and Hulu need to get bigger and better before they will become massive. They need a larger selection of films and TV shows, and they need them quicker – as the series is happening, for instance.
Recently companies have started to produce smart TVs, where you can connect to the internet and get apps through them, but for me while they’re trying to make a television that can also do more, I think it is more like a computer that doubles as a television. With a bigger screen.
I think the humble TV will go on fighting for a while yet. It will take time to completely kill it off.
Some flies are too awesome for the wall. (I know it doesn’t really make sense, I just wanted to end with a Community quote.)
This article was originally published on Stuff Things Rants
Friday March 30th 2012 Saturday March 31st 2012 by Xavier Voigt-Hill
Amazon’s Appstore generates more revenue than Google Play according to research from Flurry
Retail, Smartphones, Tablets
Amazon, Amazon Appstore, Amazon Kindle, Android, Android Market, App, Apps, Google Play, Jeff Bezos, Kindle FIre, Play Store, Retail
Research from Flurry suggests that Amazon’s Appstore, currently US-only, generates more revenue per daily user than Google’s own Play Store, formerly known as the Android Market.
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CHILD ABUSE GAVE THIS ARTIST-QUILTER COURAGE TO FACE LIFE.
ARTIST SAYS PARENTAL CHILD ABUSE GAVE HER STRENGTH
Freddy Duffy Moran had the spirit of an artist, a courage forged in parental abuse, the attitude of a rogue, and a rebellious eye for color and design.
When we met years ago, she was a dedicated quilter, a silver-haired grandma with five grown sons. She had just published “Freddy’s House.” It was a book about the art of quilting and the meaning behind it. Although it took years for the conservative quilting society to accept the works of this avant-guard fellow quilter, it finally embraced her accomplishments. In some cases, with open arms.
Freddy had the attitude of a prize-fighter who has come off the ropes from a violent childhood to defeat that merciless brute we all know as Adversity. Unlike any quilter I have known, she looked at quilting as pure art. The materials she worked with were color and fabric designs that appealed to her. She refused to be controlled by critics.
Working from patterns, she said, was “stifling. I put my own stamp on anything I create. My soul goes into my quilts. This is not like painting by numbers. In every area of art there are crafts people and there are artists. I am simply not a crafts person. I am an artist.”
Passion, she added, was what “drives us, what separates us from the ho-hum people. It is the difference between walking through a day and skipping through a day. I have faced my share of critics. Jealousy can destroy an artist. Some creative people can’t cope with destructive criticism.”
Freddy, who with her husband, Neil, a retired marketing executive, lived in Orinda, California, near San Francisco. Doing quilts over the past 20 years has been like a spiritual experience for me,” she said. “My focus is on the joy of color. That feeling goes into my quilts. Whether it’s the image of a house or an abstract design, it doesn’t make a difference. When I start a piece, I never consider where I’m headed.
“I take risks. Push the envelope, so to speak. I use outrageous combinations of conflicting colors like orange and vivid fuchsia, green and bold aqua.” In fabric stores and quilt shops, she admitted that she zealously searched for designs that depart from the norm. She confessed that she was “a sucker for polka dots.
“If I like the way the colors and blocks are going,” she said, “I just giggle to myself.” She was convinced that her creations reflected the soul of a very happy and introspective human being who’s survived whatever life could throw at her.
Yet, there was a dark side to the artist. Vividly, she recalled her first childhood memory: “I was four years old. I had hand sewn a pink dress for my Patsy doll. I was thrilled when I brought it to my mother. Her name was Ruth. She was a very talented watercolorist and did needle craft.
“She was in the living room seated at her sewing machine next to the French doors.
“When I showed her my dress, she went into a rage, snatched it from me, tore it up, and screamed, ‘This is no good!’ Crying hysterically, I ran to a neighbor’s house.”
From that unforgettable moment until her daughter-in-law, Lynn Duryee, coaxed her into attending a quilting class at the age of sixty, Freddy refused to sew or even work with thread.
“My mother was an alcoholic addicted to prescription drugs. She never kissed or hugged me or told me that she loved me. Throughout my teens, she’d beat me across the back with a coat hanger or an umbrella. When she came at me with scissors, or threw a butcher knife, I became an expert at jumping out the window.” Freddy laughed as if the pain was meaningless.
“But my mother couldn’t kill my spirit,” she went on. “My dad, Jerome, was an alcoholic, too. He was a lawyer in our hometown, San Rafael. He drank himself out of the profession. But I loved him. He had a great sense of humor. He would always tell me how pretty I was, and that he loved me. When I asked him why he married my mother, he said, ‘Because she was so beautiful.'” Again, Freddy smiled at the memory.
She met Neil when she was 12 and he was 13. In 1952 when she was 21 and he was drafted in the army, they were married in El Paso, Texas.
“I took what life dealt me and turned it into a positive,” said Freddy, a graduate of Dominican College in San Rafael where she majored in art. “Instead of sitting back and saying, ‘Poor me,’ the abuse made me strong. For that reason alone, I am grateful.”
Following this interview, I’m sorry to say: I never saw Freddy Duffy Moran again. But her quilting/philosophy book was a success.
(Boots’ book, THE HUMAN RACE, is available on
Kindle and in paperback on Amazon. Although
there is an art section, this story is not
included in this book of interviews, poetry
and essays about and the adventures of life)
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Facebook to invest heavily in AI to better the company's products and root out trolls
Apart from people’s username and password, Facebook has machine learning modules that look at 80 different variables to detect whether it is an authentic login attempt or not
Surabhi Agarwal
ET Bureau
July 05, 2017, 10:20 IST
Updated: July 05, 2017, 10:20 IST
As the Indian government gears up to create a data protection law, it should make sure that while the legislation meets the citizen’s privacy needs, it also promotes innovation and economic growth, said Rob Sherman, deputy chief privacy officer of Facebook in an exclusive interview with ET.
Sherman who is on a three-day visit to India, added that the best privacy laws across the world are the ones that are based on broad principles and give people the choice to decide what they want to share and with whom. Laws which are too specific around aspects such as consent or disclosures can scuttle future innovation, since it is hard to predict.
“There is an opportunity in India to develop a framework that promotes privacy and also promotes innovation and economic growth,” said Sherman, adding that it may be important to have different privacy policies for different situations and not have a blanket set of regulations for everything.
“Privacy looks different in different contexts. I have particular expectations on how my information is going to look when I use a social network which is different from my expectations on how it will be for a bank or a medical office,” said Sherman.
In the wake of increased digitisation in the country with larger integration of Aadhaar with government services and also the Centre’s push on digital payments along with the new goods and services tax has triggered the Indian government to start work on a new data protection law.
During Sherman India visit, one of the agendas is to gather insights on how to make the California-based social networking giant’s privacy policies more in tune with the Indian requirements.
As part of the exercise, he is meeting stakeholders such as professors from IIIT-Delhi and executives from Observer Research Foundation (ORF) along with students and professors from IIIT-Hyderabad.
Sherman added that his teams work very closely with product managers and engineers who are developing different parts of Facebook to build privacy into the software.
The conversations with different stakeholders have led to several product launches and improvisations, one such being the recently launched feature in India called Profile Photo Protection where people, especially women can lock their pictures to make sure they are not saved or copied.
Sherman said that Facebook is investing heavily in machine learning and artificial intelligence to better the company’s products and to also to check on the menace of issues such as fake profiles etc.
“We are investing a lot of resources in building artificial intelligence technology, and we think there is a lot of value across the Facebook services that can be achieved through it,” said Sherman, adding that account integrity and keeping accounts safe are just some examples of it.
Apart from people’s username and password, Facebook has machine learning modules that look at 80 different variables to detect whether it is an authentic login attempt or not, he said. “That’s just authentication, we are building artificial intelligence in other parts such as camera effects. Artificial intelligence can help in showing people the most relevant content on the news feed. We are spending on new technology not just to improve the Facebook service but to also improve society in general for example through disaster maps,” he said. On the impending legislation in India which challenges WhatsApp’s new privacy policy post its acquisition by Facebook, Sherman said that the idea behind accessing all products of the Facebook ecosystem is to better the product ecosystem.
He also clarified that the access does not involve messages which are encrypted.
Rob Sherman
Digital / 10 hours ago
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0.0248% growth
In 2017, Suffolk County, NY had a population of 1.49M people with a median age of 41.1 and a median household income of $94,750. Between 2016 and 2017 the population of Suffolk County, NY grew from 1.49M to 1.49M, a 0.0248% increase and its median household income grew from $92,933 to $94,750, a 1.96% increase.
The population of Suffolk County, NY is 67.1% White Alone, 19.5% Hispanic or Latino, and 7.35% Black or African American Alone. 23.3% of the people in Suffolk County, NY speak a non-English language, and 92.9% are U.S. citizens.
The largest universities in Suffolk County, NY are Stony Brook University (7,216 degrees awarded in 2016), Suffolk County Community College (3,892 degrees), and Farmingdale State College (1,918 degrees).
The median property value in Suffolk County, NY is $394,600, and the homeownership rate is 80.9%. Most people in Suffolk County, NY commute by Drove Alone, and the average commute time is 31.1 minutes. The average car ownership in Suffolk County, NY is 2 cars per household.
Suffolk County, NY borders Nassau County, NY, Fairfield County, CT, New Haven County, CT, New London County, CT, Middlesex County, CT, and Washington County, RI.
Photo by Taber Andrew Bain
United StatesNew YorkNew York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ-PA
The economy of Suffolk County, NY employs 752k people. The largest industries in Suffolk County, NY are Health Care & Social Assistance (113,434 people), Educational Services (91,244 people), and Retail Trade (86,475 people), and the highest paying industries are Utilities ($99,478), Public Administration ($79,348), and Finance & Insurance ($77,751).
Median household income in Suffolk County, NY is $94,750. Males in Suffolk County, NY have an average income that is 1.29 times higher than the average income of females, which is $60,672. The income inequality in Suffolk County, NY (measured using the Gini index) is 0.497, which is higher than than the national average.
Households in Suffolk County, NY have a median annual income of $94,750, which is more than the median annual income of $60,336 across the entire United States. This is in comparison to a median income of $92,933 in 2016, which represents a 1.96% annual growth.
Look at the chart to see how the median household income in Suffolk County, NY compares to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.
The PUMS dataset is not available at the County level, so we are showing data for New York.
In 2017, full-time male employees in Suffolk County, NY made 1.29 times more than female employees.
This chart shows the gender-based wage disparity in the 5 most common occupations in Suffolk County, NY by number of full-time employees.
In 2017 the highest paid race/ethnicity of Suffolk County, NY workers was White. These workers were paid 1.07 times more than Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander workers, who made the second highest salary of any race/ethnicity.
This chart shows the race- and ethnicity-based wage disparities in the 5 most common occupations in Suffolk County, NY by number of full-time employees.
The closest comparable wage GINI for Suffolk County, NY is from New York.
In 2017, the income inequality in New York was 0.497 according to the GINI calculation of the wage distribution. Income inequality had a 0.375% decline from 2016 to 2017, which means that wage distribution grew somewhat more even.
The 2017 the GINI for New York was higher than than the national average of 0.479. In other words, wages are distributed less evenly in New York in comparison to the national average.
This chart shows the number of workers in New York across various wage buckets compared to the national average.
TotalWhiteBlackAsianOtherTwo Or MoreWhite Non-HispanicHispanic
In 2017, the tract with the highest Median Household Income (Total) in Suffolk County, NY was Census Tract 1101.01 with a value of $202,292, followed by Census Tract 1122.12 and Census Tract 1580.02, with respective values of $175,313 and $169,167.
The following map shows all of the tracts in Suffolk County, NY colored by their Median Household Income (Total).
7.19% of the population for whom poverty status is determined in Suffolk County, NY (106k out of 1.47M people) live below the poverty line, a number that is lower than the national average of 13.4%. The largest demographic living in poverty are Females 25 - 34, followed by Females 55 - 64 and then Females 35 - 44.
71,301 ± 2,089
The most common racial or ethnic group living below the poverty line in Suffolk County, NY is White, followed by Hispanic and Black.
± 14,849
From 2016 to 2017, employment in Suffolk County, NY grew at a rate of 0.784%, from 746k employees to 752k employees.
The most common job groups, by number of people living in Suffolk County, NY, are Other Management Occupations Except Farmers, Ranchers, & Other Agricultural Managers (47,952 people), Retail Sales Workers Except Cashiers (21,529 people), and Secretaries & Administrative Assistants (19,227 people). This chart illustrates the share breakdown of the primary jobs held by residents of Suffolk County, NY.
The most common jobs held by residents of Suffolk County, NY, by number of employees, are Other Management Occupations Except Farmers, Ranchers, & Other Agricultural Managers (47,952 people), Retail Sales Workers Except Cashiers (21,529 people), and Secretaries & Administrative Assistants (19,227 people).
Compared to other counties, Suffolk County, NY has an unusually high number of residents working as Preschool & Kinder (2.55 times higher than expected), Bus Drivers (2.09 times), and Law Enforcement Workers (2.02 times).
The highest paid jobs held by residents of Suffolk County, NY, by median earnings, are Law Enforcement Workers Including Supervisors ($109,284), Architecture & Engineering Occupations ($90,864), and Health Diagnosing & Treating Practitioners & Other Technical Occupations ($86,194).
The most common employment sectors for those who live in Suffolk County, NY, are Health Care & Social Assistance (113,434 people), Educational Services (91,244 people), and Retail Trade (86,475 people). This chart shows the share breakdown of the primary industries for residents of Suffolk County, NY, though some of these residents may live in Suffolk County, NY and work somewhere else. Census data is tagged to a residential address, not a work address.
The most common industries in Suffolk County, NY, by number of employees, are Health Care & Social Assistance (113,434 people), Educational Services (91,244 people), and Retail Trade (86,475 people).
Compared to other counties, Suffolk County, NY has an unusually high number of Educational Services (1.33 times higher than expected), Information (1.2 times), and Wholesale Trade (1.19 times) industries.
The highest paying industries in Suffolk County, NY, by median earnings, are Utilities ($99,478), Public Administration ($79,348), and Finance & Insurance ($77,751).
Domestic production and consumption consists of products and services shipped from New York to other states, or from other states to New York.
Misc. mfg. prods.
In 2015, the top outbound New York product (by dollars) was Mixed freight with $67.6B, followed by Electronics with $47.2B and Misc. mfg. prods. and $45.3B.
The following chart shows the share of these products in relation to all outbound New York products.
Showing data for New York state.
In 2015, total outbound New York trade was $570B. This is expected to increase 49.9% to $854B by 2045.
The following chart shows how the domestic outbound New York trade is projected to change in comparison to its neighboring states.
Interstate trade consists of products and services shipped from New York to other states, or from other states to New York.
In 2015, the top outbound New York domestic partner for goods and services (by dollars) was New Jersey with $34.6B, followed by Pennsylvania with $29.6B and Connecticut and $18.8B.
The following map shows the amount of trade that New York shares with each state (excluding itself).
95.5% of the population of Suffolk County, NY has health coverage, with 57.6% on employee plans, 12.5% on Medicaid, 12.6% on Medicare, 12.2% on non-group plans, and 0.568% on military or VA plans.
Per capita personal health care spending in the county of Suffolk County, NY was $9,778 in 2014. This is a 4.57% increase from the previous year ($9,351).
Primary care physicians in Suffolk County, NY see 1352 patients per year on average, which represents a 1.88% increase from the previous year (1327 patients). Compare this to dentists who see 1236 patients per year, and mental health providers who see 411 patients per year.
Comparing across all counties in the state, Oswego County and Bronx County have the highest prevalence of diabetes (12.2%). Additionally, Chemung County has the highest prevalence of adult obesity (33.3%)
Primary care physicians in Suffolk County, NY see an average of 1,352 patients per year. This represents a 1.88% increase from the previous year (1,327 patients).
The following chart shows how the number of patients seen by primary care physicians has been changing over time in Suffolk County, NY in comparison to neighboring states.
Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for New York.
Between 2013 and 2014, all personal health care spending per capita in New York (including private, Medicare, and Medicaid) grew 4.57%, from $9,351 to $9,778.
Between 2016 and 2017, the percent of uninsured citizens in Suffolk County, NY declined by 15.4% from 5.36% to 4.53%.
The following chart shows how the percent of uninsured individuals in Suffolk County, NY changed over time compared with the percent of individuals enrolled in various types of health insurance.
Bronx County
Steuben County
Oswego County and Bronx County have the highest prevalence of diabetes in New York, at 12.2%.
The following map shows the prevalence of diabetes in New York by county over multiple years.
Suffolk County, NY is home to a population of 1.49M people, from which 92.9% are citizens. As of 2017, 15.6% of Suffolk County, NY residents were born outside of the country.
The ethnic composition of the population of Suffolk County, NY is composed of 1M White Alone residents (67.1%), 292k Hispanic or Latino residents (19.5%), 110k Black or African American Alone residents (7.35%), 58.9k Asian Alone residents (3.94%), 21.1k Two or More Races residents (1.41%), 8.07k Some Other Race Alone residents (0.541%), 2k American Indian & Alaska Native Alone residents (0.134%), and 0 Native Hawaiian & Other Pacific Islander Alone residents (0%).
The most common foreign languages spoken in Suffolk County, NY are Spanish or Spanish Creole (210,292 speakers), Italian (14,962 speakers), and Chinese (12,671 speakers).
In 2017, the median age of all people in Suffolk County, NY was 41.1. Native-born citizens, with a median age of 40, were generally younger than than foreign-born citizens, with a median age of 45. But people in Suffolk County, NY are getting getting younger. In 2016, the average age of all Suffolk County, NY residents was 41.
As of 2017, 15.6% of Suffolk County, NY residents were born outside of the United States, which is higher than the national average of 13.7%. In 2016, the percentage of foreign-born citizens in Suffolk County, NY was 15.5%, meaning that the rate has been increasing.
The following chart shows the percentage of foreign-born residents in Suffolk County, NY compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.
527,485 ± 17,593 people
In 2017, the most common birthplace for the foreign-born residents of Suffolk County, NY was Dominican Republic, the natal country of 527,485 Suffolk County, NY residents, followed by China with 441,157 and Jamaica with 239,203.
As of 2017, 92.9% of Suffolk County, NY residents were US citizens, which is lower than the national average of 93.1%. In 2016, the percentage of US citizens in Suffolk County, NY was 92.8%, meaning that the rate of citizenship has been increasing.
The following chart shows US citizenship percentages in Suffolk County, NY compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.
1M ± 3.82k
292k ± 16.4k
In 2017, there were 3.43 times more White Alone residents (1M people) in Suffolk County, NY than any other race or ethnicity. There were 292k Hispanic or Latino and 110k Black or African American Alone residents, the second and third most common racial or ethnic groups.
The following bar chart shows the 8 races and ethnicities represented in Suffolk County, NY as a share of the total population.
210,292 speakers (14.8%)
14,962 speakers (1.05%)
12,671 speakers (0.892%)
23.3% of Suffolk County, NY citizens are speakers of a non-English language, which is higher than the national average of 21.5%. In 2015, the most common non-English language spoken in Suffolk County, NY was Spanish or Spanish Creole. 14.8% of the overall population of Suffolk County, NY are native Spanish or Spanish Creole speakers. 1.05% speak Italian and 0.892% speak Spanish or Spanish Creole, the next two most common languages.
8,343 ± 1,114
Suffolk County, NY has a large population of military personnel who served in Vietnam, 2.6 times greater than any other conflict.
In 2016, universities in Suffolk County, NY awarded 15,041 degrees. The student population of Suffolk County, NY is skewed towards women, with 31,692 male students and 33,231 female students.
Most students graduating from Universities in Suffolk County, NY are White (7,616 and 55.5%), followed by Hispanic or Latino (1,999 and 14.6%), Asian (1,574 and 11.5%), and Black or African American (1,196 and 8.72%).
The largest universities in Suffolk County, NY by number of degrees awarded are Stony Brook University (7,216 and 48%), Suffolk County Community College (3,892 and 25.9%), and Farmingdale State College (1,918 and 12.8%).
The most popular majors in Suffolk County, NY are General Studies (1,738 and 11.6%), General Business Administration & Management (1,098 and 7.3%), and Registered Nursing (606 and 4.03%).
The median tuition costs in Suffolk County, NY are $34,352 for private four year colleges, and $6,470 and $20,015 respectively, for public four year colleges for in-state students and out-of-state students.
< 1 Year Postsecondary Certificate1 to 2 Year Postsecondary CertificateAssociates Degree2 to 4 Year Postsecondary CertificateBachelors DegreePostbaccalaureate CertificateMasters DegreePost-Masters CertificateResearch DoctorateProfessional Doctorate
General Business Administration & Management
General Biological Sciences
In 2015, the most common concentation for Bachelors Degree recipients in Suffolk County, NY was General Business Administration & Management with 730 degrees awarded.
This visualization illustrates the percentage of students graduating with a Bachelors Degree from schools in Suffolk County, NY according to their major.
Suffolk County Community College
Farmingdale State College
In 2016, the Suffolk County, NY institution with the largest number of graduating students was Stony Brook University with 7,216 degrees awarded.
In 2016, 6,809 men were awarded degrees from institutions in Suffolk County, NY, which is 0.827 times less than the 8,232 female students who received degrees in the same year.
This chart displays the gender disparity between the top 5 institutions in Suffolk County, NY by degrees awarded.
In 2016 the majority of degrees awarded at institutions in Suffolk County, NY were to White students. These 7,616 degrees mean that there were 3.81 times more White students then the next closest race/ethnicity group, Hispanic or Latino, with 1,999 degrees awarded.
The median property value in Suffolk County, NY was $394,600 in 2017, which is 1.81 times larger than the national average of $217,600. Between 2016 and 2017 the median property value increased from $386,400 to $394,600, a 2.12% increase. The homeownership rate in Suffolk County, NY is 80.9%, which is higher than the national average of 63.9%. People in Suffolk County, NY have an average commute time of 31.1 minutes, and they commute by Drove Alone. Car ownership in Suffolk County, NY is approximately the same as the national average, with an average of 2 cars per household.
In 2017, the median household income of the 482k households in Suffolk County, NY grew to $94,750 from the previous year's value of $92,933.
The following chart displays the households in Suffolk County, NY distributed between a series of income buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households have an income in the $200k+ range.
In 2017, the median property value in Suffolk County, NY grew to to $394,600 from the previous year's value of $386,400.
The following charts display, first, the property values in Suffolk County, NY compared to it's parent and neighbor geographies and, second, owner-occupied housing units distributed between a series of property value buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. In Suffolk County, NY the largest share of households have a property value in the $300k - $400k range.
This chart shows the households in Suffolk County, NY distributed between a series of property tax buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. In Suffolk County, NY the largest share of households pay taxes in the $3k+ range.
In 2017, 80.9% of the housing units in Suffolk County, NY were occupied by their owner. This percentage grew from the previous year's rate of 79%.
This percentage of owner-occupation is higher than the national average of 63.9%. This chart shows the ownership percentage in Suffolk County, NY compared it's parent and neighboring geographies.
The following chart displays the households in Suffolk County, NY distributed between a series of car ownership buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households in Suffolk County, NY have 2 cars, followed by 3 cars.
Using averages, employees in Suffolk County, NY have a longer commute time (31.1 minutes) than the normal US worker (25.5 minutes). Additionally, 7.82% of the workforce in Suffolk County, NY have "super commutes" in excess of 90 minutes.
The chart below shows how the median household income in Suffolk County, NY compares to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.
In 2017, the most common method of travel for workers in Suffolk County, NY was Drove Alone, followed by those who Carpooled and those who Public Transit.
Nassau County, NY
Fairfield County, CT
New Haven County, CT
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Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT
0.301% decline
In 2017, Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT had a population of 158k people with a median age of N/A and a median household income of $86,265. Between 2016 and 2017 the population of Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT grew from 157,505 to 157,720, a 0.137% increase and its median household income grew from $83,182 to $86,265, a 3.71% increase.
The population of Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT is 75% White Alone, 10.9% Black or African American Alone, and 7.09% Hispanic or Latino. 13.7% of the people in Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT speak a non-English language, and 96.1% are U.S. citizens.
The largest universities in Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT are Lincoln Technical Institute-East Windsor (489 degrees awarded in 2016), Asnuntuck Community College (401 degrees), and Branford Hall Career Institute-Windsor Campus (153 degrees).
The median property value in Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT is $227,200, and the homeownership rate is 80.7%. Most people in Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT commute by N/A, and the average commute time is 25.1 minutes. The average car ownership in Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT is N/A per household.
Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT borders Litchfield County PUMA, CT, West Hartford, Farmington, Simsbury, Bloomfield, Avon & Canton Towns PUMA, CT, Tolland County PUMA, CT, Westfield & Holyoke Cities PUMA, MA, Northampton City PUMA, MA, Chicopee City PUMA, MA, Hartford Town PUMA, CT, and Manchester & East Hartford Towns PUMA, CT.
Photo by ilirjan rrumbullaku
United StatesMassachusettsConnecticut
The economy of Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT employs 78.2k people. The largest industries in Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT are Insurance carriers & related activities (6,988 people), Elementary & secondary schools (5,588 people), and Restaurants & Food Services (4,123 people), and the highest paying industries are Scientific research & development services ($150,670), Plastics product manufacturing ($147,240), and Electronic component & product manufacturing, n.e.c. ($141,320).
Median household income in Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT is $86,265. Males in Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT have an average income that is 1.3 times higher than the average income of females, which is $62,423. The income inequality in Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT (measured using the Gini index) is 0.434, which is lower than than the national average.
Households in Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT have a median annual income of $86,265, which is more than the median annual income of $60,336 across the entire United States. This is in comparison to a median income of $83,182 in 2016, which represents a 3.71% annual growth.
Look at the chart to see how the median household income in Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT compares to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.
In 2017, full-time male employees in Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT made 1.3 times more than female employees.
This chart shows the gender-based wage disparity in the 5 most common occupations in Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT by number of full-time employees.
In 2017 the highest paid race/ethnicity of Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT workers was Asian. These workers were paid 1.11 times more than White workers, who made the second highest salary of any race/ethnicity.
This chart shows the race- and ethnicity-based wage disparities in the 5 most common occupations in Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT by number of full-time employees.
In 2017, the income inequality in Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT was 0.434 according to the GINI calculation of the wage distribution. Income inequality had a 0.499% growth from 2016 to 2017, which means that wage distribution grew somewhat less even.
The 2017 the GINI for Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT was lower than than the national average of 0.479. In other words, wages are distributed more evenly in Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT in comparison to the national average.
This chart shows the number of workers in Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT across various wage buckets compared to the national average.
TotalWhiteBlackAsianTwo Or MoreHispanic
In 2016, the PUMA with the highest Median Household Income (Total) in Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT was N/A with a value of N/A, followed by N/A and N/A, with respective values of N/A and N/A.
The following map shows all of the PUMAs in Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT colored by their Median Household Income (Total).
N/A% of the population for whom poverty status is determined in Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT (N/A out of N/A people) live below the poverty line, a number that is approximately the same as the national average of 13.4%. The largest demographic living in poverty are N/A N/A, followed by N/A N/A and then N/A N/A.
The most common racial or ethnic group living below the poverty line in Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT is false, followed by false and false.
-0.301%
1 Year decline
± -0.301%
From 2016 to 2017, employment in Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT declined at a rate of -0.301%, from 78.5k employees to 78.2k employees.
The most common job groups, by number of people living in Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT, are Miscellaneous managers (2,541 people), Elementary & middle school teachers (2,155 people), and Secretaries & administrative assistants (2,006 people). This chart illustrates the share breakdown of the primary jobs held by residents of Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT.
The most common jobs held by residents of Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT, by number of employees, are Miscellaneous managers (2,541 people), Elementary & middle school teachers (2,155 people), and Secretaries & administrative assistants (2,006 people).
Compared to other pumas, Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT has an unusually high number of residents working as Actuaries (16.7 times higher than expected), Aerospace engineers (7.03 times), and Insurance underwriters (5.13 times).
The highest paid jobs held by residents of Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT, by average salary, are Chief executives & legislators ($211,084), Physicians & surgeons ($191,998), and Actuaries ($189,823).
The most common employment sectors for those who live in Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT, are Insurance carriers & related activities (6,988 people), Elementary & secondary schools (5,588 people), and Restaurants & Food Services (4,123 people). This chart shows the share breakdown of the primary industries for residents of Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT, though some of these residents may live in Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT and work somewhere else. Census data is tagged to a residential address, not a work address.
The most common industries in Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT, by number of employees, are Insurance carriers & related activities (6,988 people), Elementary & secondary schools (5,588 people), and Restaurants & Food Services (4,123 people).
Compared to other pumas, Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT has an unusually high number of Aircraft & parts manufacturing (8.67 times higher than expected), Sporting & athletic goods, & doll, toy & game manufacturing (7.88 times), and Aerospace products & parts manufacturing (6.8 times) industries.
The highest paying industries in Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT, by average salary, are Scientific research & development services ($150,670), Plastics product manufacturing ($147,240), and Electronic component & product manufacturing, n.e.c. ($141,320).
Domestic production and consumption consists of products and services shipped from Connecticut to other states, or from other states to Connecticut.
Motorized vehicles
In 2015, the top outbound Connecticut product (by dollars) was Mixed freight with $34.1B, followed by Coal-n.e.c. with $20.4B and Motorized vehicles and $16.1B.
The following chart shows the share of these products in relation to all outbound Connecticut products.
Showing data for Connecticut state.
In 2015, total outbound Connecticut trade was $198B. This is expected to increase 54.9% to $307B by 2045.
The following chart shows how the domestic outbound Connecticut trade is projected to change in comparison to its neighboring states.
Interstate trade consists of products and services shipped from Connecticut to other states, or from other states to Connecticut.
In 2015, the top outbound Connecticut domestic partner for goods and services (by dollars) was New York with $25B, followed by Massachusetts with $20.8B and New Jersey and $11.9B.
The following map shows the amount of trade that Connecticut shares with each state (excluding itself).
N/A% of the population of Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT has health coverage, with N/A% on employee plans, N/A% on Medicaid, N/A% on Medicare, N/A% on non-group plans, and N/A% on military or VA plans.
Per capita personal health care spending in the puma of Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT was $9,859 in 2014. This is a 3.59% increase from the previous year ($9,517).
Primary care physicians in Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT see 1180 patients per year on average, which represents a 0% change from the previous year (1180 patients). Compare this to dentists who see 1184 patients per year, and mental health providers who see 288 patients per year.
Comparing across all counties in the state, Windham County has the highest prevalence of diabetes (10.3%). Additionally, Windham County has the highest prevalence of adult obesity (29.2%)
Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Connecticut.
Primary care physicians in Connecticut see an average of 1,180 patients per year. This represents a 0% change from the previous year (1,180 patients).
The following chart shows how the number of patients seen by primary care physicians has been changing over time in Connecticut in comparison to neighboring states.
Estimated Number of Chronically Homeless IndividualsPercent of Residents with Access To Exercise OpportunitiesPrevalence of Food InsecurityPercent of Occupied Households Lacking Complete Plumbing FacilitiesPercent of Households Lacking Internet Access
Between 2013 and 2014, all personal health care spending per capita in Connecticut (including private, Medicare, and Medicaid) grew 3.59%, from $9,517 to $9,859.
Between N/A and N/A, the percent of uninsured citizens in Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT N/A by N/A from N/A% to N/A%.
The following chart shows how the percent of uninsured individuals in Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT changed over time compared with the percent of individuals enrolled in various types of health insurance.
Windham County
Hartford County
9.5% prevalence
9% prevalence
Windham County has the highest prevalence of diabetes in Connecticut, at 10.3%.
The following map shows the prevalence of diabetes in Connecticut by county over multiple years.
Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT is home to a population of 158k people, from which 96.1% are citizens. As of 2017, N/A% of Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT residents were born outside of the country.
The ethnic composition of the population of Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT is composed of 118k White Alone residents (75%), 17.2k Black or African American Alone residents (10.9%), 11.2k Hispanic or Latino residents (7.09%), 6.9k Asian Alone residents (4.38%), 3.44k Two or More Races residents (2.18%), 299 American Indian & Alaska Native Alone residents (0.19%), 263 Some Other Race Alone residents (0.167%), and 82 Native Hawaiian & Other Pacific Islander Alone residents (0.0521%).
The most common foreign languages spoken in Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT are Spanish or Spanish Creole (7,070 speakers), French (Incl. Patois, Cajun) (2,358 speakers), and Polish (1,724 speakers).
In N/A, the median age of all people in Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT was N/A. Native-born citizens, with a median age of N/A, were generally N/A than foreign-born citizens, with a median age of N/A. But people in Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT are getting N/A. In N/A, the average age of all Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT residents was N/A.
As of 2017, N/A% of Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT residents were born outside of the United States, which is approximately the same as the national average of 13.7%. In 2016, the percentage of foreign-born citizens in Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT was 9.78%, meaning that the rate has been maintaining.
The following chart shows the percentage of foreign-born residents in Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.
1,212 ± 851 people
In 2017, the most common birthplace for the foreign-born residents of Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT was India, the natal country of 2,961 Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT residents, followed by Jamaica with 2,949 and Poland with 1,212.
As of 2017, 96.1% of Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT residents were US citizens, which is higher than the national average of 93.1%. In 2016, the percentage of US citizens in Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT was 96.1%, meaning that the rate of citizenship has been decreasing.
The following chart shows US citizenship percentages in Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.
11.2k ± 1.2k
In 2016, there were 6.88 times more White Alone residents (118k people) in Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT than any other race or ethnicity. There were 17.2k Black or African American Alone and 11.2k Hispanic or Latino residents, the second and third most common racial or ethnic groups.
The following bar chart shows the 8 races and ethnicities represented in Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT as a share of the total population.
French (Incl. Patois, Cajun)
13.7% of Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT citizens are speakers of a non-English language, which is lower than the national average of 21.5%. In 2015, the most common non-English language spoken in Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT was Spanish or Spanish Creole. 4.71% of the overall population of Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT are native Spanish or Spanish Creole speakers. 1.57% speak French (Incl. Patois, Cajun) and 1.15% speak Spanish or Spanish Creole, the next two most common languages.
Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT has a large population of military personnel who served in false, N/A times greater than any other conflict.
In 2016, universities in Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT awarded 1,043 degrees. The student population of Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT is skewed towards men, with 1,969 male students and 1,033 female students.
Most students graduating from Universities in Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT are White (652 and 62.5%), followed by Hispanic or Latino (152 and 14.6%), Black or African American (122 and 11.7%), and Two or More Races (45 and 4.31%).
The largest universities in Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT by number of degrees awarded are Lincoln Technical Institute-East Windsor (489 and 46.9%), Asnuntuck Community College (401 and 38.4%), and Branford Hall Career Institute-Windsor Campus (153 and 14.7%).
The most popular majors in Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT are Welding Technology (126 and 12.1%), Medium or Heavy Vehicle & Truck Technology (105 and 10.1%), and Automobile Mechanics Technology (92 and 8.82%).
The median tuition costs in Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT are $N/A for private four year colleges, and $N/A and $N/A respectively, for public four year colleges for in-state students and out-of-state students.
Medium or Heavy Vehicle & Truck Technology
Automobile Mechanics Technology
In 2015, the most common concentation for 1 to 2 Year Postsecondary Certificate recipients in Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT was Welding Technology with 126 degrees awarded.
This visualization illustrates the percentage of students graduating with a 1 to 2 Year Postsecondary Certificate from schools in Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT according to their major.
Lincoln Technical Institute-East Windsor
Asnuntuck Community College
Branford Hall Career Institute-Windsor Campus
In 2016, the Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT institution with the largest number of graduating students was Lincoln Technical Institute-East Windsor with 489 degrees awarded.
In 2016, 734 men were awarded degrees from institutions in Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT, which is 2.38 times more than the 309 female students who received degrees in the same year.
This chart displays the gender disparity between the institutions in Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT by degrees awarded.
In 2016 the majority of degrees awarded at institutions in Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT were to White students. These 652 degrees mean that there were 4.29 times more White students then the next closest race/ethnicity group, Hispanic or Latino, with 152 degrees awarded.
The median property value in Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT was $227,200 in 2017, which is 1.04 times larger than the national average of $217,600. Between 2016 and 2017 the median property value increased from $226,100 to $227,200, a 0.487% increase. The homeownership rate in Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT is 80.7%, which is higher than the national average of 63.9%. People in Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT have an average commute time of 25.1 minutes, and they commute by N/A. Car ownership in Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT is approximately the same as the national average, with an average of N/A per household.
In 2017, the median household income of the N/A households in Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT grew to $86,265 from the previous year's value of $83,182.
The following chart displays the households in Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT distributed between a series of income buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households have an income in the N/A range.
In 2017, the median property value in Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT grew to to $227,200 from the previous year's value of $226,100.
The following charts display, first, the property values in Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT compared to it's parent and neighbor geographies and, second, owner-occupied housing units distributed between a series of property value buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. In Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT the largest share of households have a property value in the N/A range.
This chart shows the households in Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT distributed between a series of property tax buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. In Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT the largest share of households pay taxes in the $3k+ range.
In 2017, 80.7% of the housing units in Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT were occupied by their owner. This percentage grew from the previous year's rate of 80%.
This percentage of owner-occupation is higher than the national average of 63.9%. This chart shows the ownership percentage in Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT compared it's parent and neighboring geographies.
The following chart displays the households in Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT distributed between a series of car ownership buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households in Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT have N/A, followed by N/A.
Using averages, employees in Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT have a similar commute time (25.1 minutes) than the normal US worker (25.1 minutes). Additionally, N/A% of the workforce in Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT have "super commutes" in excess of 90 minutes.
The chart below shows how the median household income in Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT compares to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.
In N/A, the most common method of travel for workers in Hartford County (North) PUMA, CT was N/A, followed by those who N/A and those who N/A.
Hartford-West Hartford-East Hartford, CT
Hartford County, CT
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Probiotics Protect Against Heavy Metal Toxicity
Nov. 7, 2014|1295 views
Fascinating new research reveals that pregnant women who eat yogurt containing live probiotics may be able to protect their unborn infants from exposure to potentially dangerous heavy metals. We’re not talking loud, head-banging music. We’re talking lead, mercury, cadmium, arsenic and other metallic heavy elements that have been linked to birth defects and neurological damage.
The research was conducted in Tanzania, where mothers and their infants are at increased risk for heavy metal exposure, due to environmental damage along the shores of Lake Victoria. Investigators had previously noted that the probiotic bacteria, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, has a great affinity for binding heavy metals.
By binding these environmental toxins, the bacteria help prevent the absorption of the heavy metals. Instead of entering the bloodstream, they’re eliminated naturally. Mothers and children who consumed the yogurt experienced lower levels of heavy metal contamination than women and children who did not consume the probiotic food.
Pregnant women who experienced significant drops in mercury and arsenic, for example, could expect to have healthier infants. “…Reduction in these compounds in the mothers could presumably decrease negative developmental effects in their fetus and newborns,"said Dr. Gregor Reid, who led a research team from the Canadian Centre for Human Microbiome and Probiotics.
This is yet another example of the numerous health benefits of probiotics. Probiotics are friendly bacteria and yeast that live in the human digestive tract. They’re found in fermented foods, such as yogurt, refrigerated sauerkraut, cheese, kefir (a fermented milk drink) and even pickled vegetables.
Gregor Reid et al. Randomized Open-Label Pilot Study of the Influence of Probiotics and the Gut Microbiome on Toxic Metal Levels in Tanzanian Pregnant Women and School Children. mBio, October 2014 DOI: 10.1128/mBio.01580-14
Tags: pregnancy, prevention, health tips
Obesity and Heart Failure Risk Definitely Linked
Got the Midday Sleepies? Try Cutting Back on Dietary Fat
Sleep It Off
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Idaho Man Arrested With 4 Times Legal Limit
Jefferey Lee Palmer’s Subaru Outback had a wild ride on Aug. 1st. The East Idaho resident made things just a little more complicated on Teton Pass in Wyoming, where he crashed his car but couldn’t remember a single thing about the incident. Where was the car? And when did the accident happen? The details of the accident were murky because Palmer was driving with a BAC level FOUR TIMES the legal limit in Idaho.
The legal limit in Wyoming is set at 0.08% BAC. Anyone driving with a BAC over that limit can be charged with a DUI and convicted. The penalties in Idaho are especially steep if a person is under 21 years old, but they are just as steep when a person drives as recklessly as Palmer did during his visit to Wyoming. The 36-year-old east Idaho resident had a BAC .315%. This concentration is not just four times the legal limit in Wyoming but is also considered life-threatening levels of intoxication. Palmer shouldn’t have been on the road. He should have been in a hospital.
The deputy described a terrifying scene on the road. When he pulled Palmer over, he saw damage on the passenger side of the car. Suspecting intoxication due to the smell of alcohol on Palmer’s person, the deputy immediately began questioning Palmer, expecting that he had been in an accident and still kept on driving. The first, scariest thought is that this man might have already injured someone else on the road and just kept going.
Teton County Sheriff’s Sargent Todd Stayon explained: “When asked for his driver’s license he pulled his license out of his wallet and handed his wallet to the officer. He admitted to consuming a lot of alcohol.” Palmer was a visitor in Wyoming, having come from Victor, Idaho. The defendant admitted that he’d been in a wreck but simply couldn’t remember where or if anyone else had been hurt. The alcohol in question was 3/4 of a bottle of Crown Royal, a very strong whiskey.
Piecing the accident together, officers were able to find parts of the wreck near Phillips Canyon. Fortunately, the only other thing injured in the wreck was a guardrail that Palmer had hit with his car. The outcome was a trip to the hospital where he was treated for a dangerous BAC level and then booked into jail on a count of DUI, Failure to report an accident, and failure to maintain a lane of travel.
The high BAC levels, in this case, present a particular problem to Mr. Palmer. Higher BAC levels sometimes signal a felony DUI, especially if there has been a prior offense to this. As of now, it’s not known if this is Palmer’s first offense DUI, but even if it is, the startling BAC levels could present a legal hangover for Palmer. Add to this the multiple offenses in this single DUI arrest – the failure to maintain a lane and failure to report an accident – and you’ve got a defendant who desperately needs a lawyer to navigate the specifics of this case.
The fact is that Palmer’s BAC level suggests that he might have a serious problem with alcohol, perhaps even full-blown alcoholism. For defendants like this, prosecutors are sometimes willing to work with defenders to get the person help. Treatment in a residential medical facility for alcoholism may be a possible punishment – if it can be called that for someone who needs help – for Palmer. Otherwise, he’s likely facing license suspension, jail time, and possibly hours of DUI and alcoholism and substance abuse classes before he will be able to get his license back.
Sites like DUIwise would have a lot to say about Palmer’s case. DUIwise.com helps defendants in DUI arrests find out their best options in defending themselves in the case. Needless to say, a case like Palmer’s is going to require extensive legal help and advice. This is a terrifying example of what can happen when someone’s alcohol use spirals out of control. Not only could Palmer have killed himself or someone else on the road, but he might have died from the consumption of that much alcohol at once. This was not just a vehicular risk but a risk to his own health and life.
Even the most severe case of substance abuse can be treated with the residential medical facilities in the United States. An Idaho resident such as Palmer will find plenty of places to seek help and will be able to get help if he agrees to it. In cases like this where he’s obtained a DUI at a startling high BAC level, he will likely face court-ordered treatments and perhaps even AA meetings in his future. Even if he’s given probation, he’ll face a lot of treatment if his case goes forward.
As pointed out on sites like DUIwise, it’s possible to get a case even as blatant as this thrown out because of procedural errors or errors during the arrest. Depending on what the facts of the case are, cases like this can be thrown out if an officer fails to read rights, administer a breathalyzer test the proper way, or fails to adhere to other rules and regulations that must be carried out during a DUI arrest. Even if the case is sound in a procedural manner, defendants like Palmer can benefit from putting their cases in the hands of a skilled Idaho DUI attorney. These attorneys are able to take even the most impossible of cases and work with prosecutors so that a defendant like Palmer gets the best possible outcome from his case.
In cases where the defendant is obviously suffering from a substance abuse problem, it’s possible to get this person back on the path to sobriety and living safely among others. Palmer’s lawyer will likely seek some type of plea bargain that includes getting help for the defendant. As of now, Palmer faces an uncertain future.
Written by Carl · Categorized: DUI / DWI News · Tagged: Alcohol, Alcohol law, Alcohol laws of New Jersey, Alcoholic drink, Alcoholism, Breathalyzer, Crimes, Drinking culture, Driving under the influence, Drunk driving in the United States, Law, Lee Palmer, Neurochemistry, Neuropsychology, Todd Stayon, Traffic law, Transport, United States, Victor
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Tag: • Beethoven’s Symphony No. 9 (The Choral Symphony)
Minnesota Orchestra in South Africa (Johannesburg)
On August 18 the Minnesota Orchestra played its fifth and last concert in South Africa before a capacity audience of 1,000 that included Dr. Makaziwe “Maki” Mandela, Nelson Mandela’s eldest daughter.
Here is an account of the concert and Orchestra members’ intersections with local musicians.[1]
The concert opened with the playing of the South African and U.S. national anthems. The Orchestra then played the following works:
Overture to the operetta Candide by Leonard Bernstein, who shares this year with Nelson Mandela as the centennial of their births.
Harmonia Ubuntu, by South African composer Ndodana-Breen with lyrics taken from Mandela’s writings and speeches and with South African soprano, Goitsemang Lehobye, as soloist.
Beethoven’s Symphony No. 9 (The Choral Symphony) with the combined Minnesota Chorale and South Africa’s Gauteng Choristers and soloists (Goitsemang Lehobye, soprano; Minette Du Toit-Pearce, mezzo-soprano; Siyabonga Maqungo, tenor; and Njabulo Madlala, bass-baritone).
Osmo Vänskä returned to the stage after a standing ovation, conducting the orchestra and choir in “Usilethela Uxolo.” He then turned the podium over to Xolani Mootane, who brought down the house with “Bawo Thixo Somandla.” Vänskä again returned to lead the ensemble in a final vocal performance of the unofficial national anthem, “Shosholoza.”
The concert was held in the Johannesburg City Hall, he home of many historical and political events throughout its more than 100-year history. Here are photograph of the Hall and of the Orchestra, both by Travis Anderson.
Minnesota-Local Interactions
At a post-concert farewell dinner, the Orchestra’s President and CEO, Kevin Smith, said this tour is, “by all accounts, the biggest project the orchestra has ever done. it’s hard to know where it goes from here, but I think the orchestra will continue to be more adventurous and extensive in how it works and with whom it works and where it goes.”
Roderick Cox, the Orchestra’s Associate Conductor, stayed the next day (Sunday) to conduct the African National Young Orchestra in in Jean Sibelius’ Symphony No. 2 after they had rehearsed the work the prior week with Orchestra musicians. According to Cox, his job is to “ take all this vibrant, passionate sound they’re giving and try to contain it and shape it for the music we’re doing, like Sibelius.” An aspiring local conductor, Chad Hendricks, age 27, commented that seeing Cox, who is black, on the platform, “inspired a lot of kids.” For South Africans growing up in black and mixed-race communities, there aren’t a lot of opportunities, and there isn’t a lot of exposure to this kind of thing. A lot of the underprivileged kids that were here … they’re seeing someone they can relate to.”[2]
[1] Minn. Orch., Minnesota Orchestra in Johannesburg (Aug. 18, 2018); Minn. Orch., Johannesburg/Aug 18.
[2] Ross, A young South African symphony takes its cue from the Minnesota Orchestra, StarTribune (Aug. 23, 2018); Chamberlain, “Tour’ is inadequate to explain what’s happening between the Minnesota Orchestra and South African musicians, MinnPost (Aug. 17, 2018).
Posted on August 25, 2018 Categories Arts, Other countriesTags "Bawo Thixo Somandla.”, "Shosholoza", African National Young Orchestra, “Harmonia Ubuntu", “Usilethela Uxolo.”, • Beethoven’s Symphony No. 9 (The Choral Symphony), • Harmonia Ubuntu, by South African composer Ndodana-Breen, Chad Hendricks, Gauteng Choristers, Goitsemang Lehobye, in Jean Sibelius’ Symphony No. 2, Johannesburg City Hall, Johannesburg South Africa, Kevin Smith, Leonard Bernstein, Makaziwe “Maki” Mandela, Minette Du Toit-Pearce, Minnesota Chorale, Minnesota Orchestra, Nelson Mandela, Njabulo Madlala, Osmo Vanska, Overture to Candide, Roderick Cox, Siyabonga Maqungo, South Africa, Xolani MootaneLeave a comment on Minnesota Orchestra in South Africa (Johannesburg)
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Deadly shooting at California synagogue
By Harmeet Kaur, Nicole Chavez and Christina Kline, CNN
Updated 5:07 p.m. ET, May 1, 2019
What we covered here
What happened: A man opened fire at a San Diego-area synagogue on Saturday, the last day of Passover. The town's mayor called it a "hate crime."
Victims: A 60-year-old woman died and three others were injured.
Suspect: The suspect in custody has been identified as 19-year-old John Earnest.
7:13 p.m. ET, April 27, 2019
It's been exactly six months since the Pittsburgh synagogue attack
The timing of the shooting at Congregation Chabad is significant.
It's the last day of Passover, one of the holiest Jewish celebrations of the year.
It also comes exactly six months to the day after the shooting at the Tree of Life synagogue in Pittsburgh, where a man opened fire and killed 11 people. A federal law enforcement official said at the time that Robert Bowers made anti-Semitic statements during the shooting and targeted Jews on social media.
The Anti-Defamation league said the shooting at Tree of Life was the deadliest anti-Semitic attack in US history.
Poway Mayor Steve Vaus said that he considers today's shooting a hate crime "because of statements that were made when the shooter entered."
19-year-old suspect fled the scene and called 911 on himself
The 19-year-old man who allegedly opened fire at the synagogue fled the scene and then called 911 to identify himself as the suspect, according to San Diego Police Chief David Nisleit.
Investigators are looking into an open letter apparently connected to the suspect, San Diego Sheriff Bill Gore said. He did not elaborate on the suspect's motivations.
US Holocaust Memorial Museum 'shocked and alarmed'
The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum released a statement today on the shooting that occurred at a San Diego-area synagogue.
The Museum expressed shock and alarm over the "second armed attack" on a synagogue in six months, a reference to the attack on the Tree of Life synagogue in Pittsburgh where 11 people were killed.
"Now our thoughts are with the victims and their loved ones," the Museum Director Sara J. Bloomfield said.
Here's the full statement:
The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum is shocked and alarmed at the second armed attack on a synagogue in the United States in six months, this time at Congregation Chabad in San Diego County, California, on the last day of Passover.
"Now our thoughts are with the victims and their loved ones," said Museum Director Sara J. Bloomfield. "But moving forward this must serve as yet another wake-up call that antisemitism is a growing and deadly menace. The Holocaust is a reminder of the dangers of unchecked antisemitism and the way hate can infect a society. All Americans must unequivocally condemn it and confront it in wherever it appears."
A living memorial to the Holocaust, the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum inspires citizens and leaders worldwide to confront hatred, prevent genocide, and promote human dignity.
What we know about the victims so far
At least one person is dead and three others are wounded.
One of the people who was shot was a rabbi at the Congregation Chabad synagogue, Minoo Anvari told CNN affiliate KUSI.
Anvari said her husband called her while he was in the synagogue, saying the rabbi and others were injured. Her husband is “in shock,” she said.
“My husband called, and he said that there has been a shooting at the synagogue, and unfortunately one of my friends is down. And my Rabbi has been injured and two other people are injured, and one guy came and shoot everybody and cursing, and of course they took them to hospital and they are praying for them,” she said.
2020 Democrats weigh in on the shooting
Lawmakers and presidential contenders are starting to respond to the shooting on Twitter.
"I am disturbed by reports of a shooting at the Chabad of Poway synagogue and am closely monitoring the situation," California Sen. Kamala Harris tweeted.
Here's what some of the other presidential contenders have tweeted:
Investigators are reviewing a possible open letter from the suspect
Investigators are looking into an open letter apparently connected to the suspect in the shooting, according to San Diego County Sheriff Bill Gore.
“We have copies of his social media posts and his ‘open letter’ and will be reviewing those to determine the legitimacy of it and exactly how it plays into the investigation,” Gore said during a news conference.
The Sheriff would not answer specific questions about the letter or about the suspect’s motivations.
The San Diego Police Chief David Nisleit identified him as a 19-year-old man, saying he fled the scene of the shooting and then called 911 to identify himself as the suspect.
Trump calls the shooting 'hard to believe'
From CNN's Nikki Carvajal
Pesident Donald Trump said the shooting at a synagogue near San Diego "looks like a hate crime” and was “hard to believe,” as he was about to board Marine 1.
Trump said the White House is doing “heavy research” and “will get to the bottom of it.”
“My deepest sympathies to the people, the families, everybody affected by those shootings at the synagogue in California,” he said.
Trump and Vice President Mike Pence also tweeted about the shooting.
"Thoughts and prayers to all of those affected by the shooting at the Synagogue in Poway, California. God bless you all. Suspect apprehended. Law enforcement did outstanding job. Thank you!" Trump wrote on Twitter.
"We condemn in the strongest terms the evil & cowardly shooting at Chabad of Poway today as Jewish families celebrated Passover. No one should be in fear in a house of worship. Antisemitism isn’t just wrong - it’s evil." Pence added.
Accessibility & CC
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ArtCultureFeatured
A Black Foreigner on Black Panther
written by Guest Contributor March 31, 2018
I waited for an hour to see Black Panther, wondering why there was no black people to the front policy. My friend beside me was complaining that no black person in their right mind would wait in line to see any movie, a fact corroborated by the whiteness of the line. We were in Silver Lake, Los Angeles, and the only other black person there was pacing the block on his cell phone, every so often side-eying the line, which now indecently stretched around the corner. I was really, really excited, like when I went to Disneyland for the first time (at 28).
I’m a huge superhero movie fan and have been, and sitting so close to the screen, head bolted upright—when I’d mentioned that the line stretched around the corner, I meant because we’d added to it—it felt as though I was a kid in a darkness that crackled watching Mighty Morphin’ Power Rangers: The Movie in ’95, which you probably shouldn’t watch now, because it doesn’t hold up. When I was a kid, I wanted to be Kimberly, the Pink Ranger, because nobody wanted to be Ayesha, the Yellow Ranger, who, in an odd stroke of racial incongruence (for the Power Rangers), was black.
Self-hatred, which I acutely felt throughout my childhood and teens, became something I was into exploiting for white discomfort when I’d moved to Los Angeles in my mid-twenties, mad at everybody. Once I framed a performance around asking white men in the audience to read a script of racial epithets I’d written back to me, just to see what would happen. I thought this was what they called mastering your fears. And yet.
There is a scene, close to the beginning of the movie, in which everyone surprises the other by revealing themselves to be Wakandan noblemen and/or royalty. It’s Oakland in ’92, the year of the Los Angeles riots. In a dimly lit, cramped apartment, two black men men are planning to attack the police. The scene does not linger on their motives, not yet—and it’s interesting the way Ryan Coogler, Black Panther’s director, plays with the cinematic tropes formed by the white gaze. It’s a gesture that mirrors the actions of the nation of Wakanda itself, which has also mastered the act of manipulating stereotype. Black men with guns—are they heroes, or villains?
It’s a sign of the movie’s deftness that, even when we see more of the movie, we still do not have the answer. But I am getting ahead of myself.
A man appears in that sleek panther suit, rippling power, revealing himself to be Wakanda’s current King. One of the conspirators reveals himself to be the King’s brother, N’Jobu, a secret agent sent to America but gone rogue. The Prince’s right hand man is actually Zuri, a Wakandan watchdog sent to report on N’Jobu’s activities. There’s a whole lot of unmasking in this scene—of proving one’s ancestral ties, of revealing one’s exceptionalness (gloriously in this film, the two are indistinguishable) through a glowing stamp on the bottom lip.
Superhero movies delight in exposing the folly of mis-identification. There is the simple joy of watching the bullied demonstrate his sudden physical strength at school, the bully incredulous; when the paper pusher plummets down the rabbit hole, proving himself to be more than human. Black Panther multiples this satisfaction infinitesimally, right at the beginning, because those incredulous are the whole world.
The movie returns to this cramped apartment again and again because many things happen there: a father’s love, a sneaking look outside the window, at first glance. Does the audience read this as self-servicing, or protective? We don’t know that N’Jobu has a son as yet; what do we believe instead?–a father’s death, the birth of a villain. However, at the beginning of the movie, when N’Jobu and Zuri and the Dora Milaje, the Wakandan warrior women (“Grace Jones-looking-chicks,” says Zuri, masquerading as just a regular guy), shed the ordinariness of any assumptions about them, merging special and black, I cried for my childhood self with her superheroes who never looked like her. But suddenly she was there again, and with another chance.
I saw Black Panther the weekend it came out, deeply suspicious.
I had tried as much as I possibly could to ignore the Hollywood machine, knowing that it could diminish my estimation of the movie before I’d even seen it. I tried to ignore the cries of this being the black superhero movie we all deserve, cries that seemed either prescription or mandate. I’m not quite sure why I was so irritated. I am generally wary of when black people and well-meaning white people seem to hold the same thing in unmitigated esteem–of knowing I’ll have to do the work of disentangling my criticism of the work with annoyance at the inflexible expectation of how I should feel about it.
I’m also aware of my difference, as a person who is black but from Trinidad and Tobago, and of things like faked accents pissing me off (especially when, traditionally, it has been so hard for my people to make it in Hollywood). Somehow, even to my black American friends, that feeling of being culturally disregarded is difficult to translate.
At an early age, I was able to grasp the difference in the way the world assigned importance to my country’s brand of blackness. I’d watch from home as musician friends, for instance, struggled to make it overseas, and then become decidedly bitter when it seemed that Rihanna’s breakthrough required an adoption of sound and slang that seemed more Jamaican than anything I’d experienced coming out of Barbados (in the Caribbean, as in Africa, these national and cultural distinctions matter).
It is interesting the way whiteness breaks all of us in two, the fact that it has taken me a long time to hold the right people responsible.
Black Panther is beautiful because of its unprecedented willingness to devote itself to Afro-diasporic concerns. I was wrong about the risk of it being flattened. The white characters in the movie, whose presence is minimal and uninteresting—largely serve to hinge it to other movies in the Marvel/Avengers universe, which I suppose tells you something about them.
Its cast reflects the diaspora, too, with roots in Zimbabwe, England, by way of Uganda, Kenya, the US, and multiple places in the Caribbean. M’baku, leader of a rival Wakandan tribe, is actually from my home country, resulting in the creation of memes that say things like, “Of course the Jabari tribe is late.”
The gist of the story, if you’ve somehow not seen it yet, is this. Wakanda is a nation in eastern Africa. The rest of the world thinks it is another poor African country, which it uses to protect its deposit of vibranium, the coolest fictional metal since adamantium, and infinitely stronger. Wakanda is a vibrant, breathtaking techno-utopia.
Unlike the rulers of my own black/brown nation, one of the wealthiest in the Caribbean due to its reserves of oil and natural gas, Wakanda’s government seems to be managing and mining its resource with the ultimate care for its own in mind; the Wakandan people seem generally happy and cared for. Its culture–the result of the meticulous work of Hannah Beachler, its production designer, and Ruth Carter, who designed the costumes–is rich, varied, and proudly expressed. Ryan Coogler, who directed the film, as well as the cast, have stated multiple times that Black Panther represents an uncolonized alternate reality.
And it does seem that way. At least, until Killmonger arrives.
This isn’t entirely true. The ugly side of Wakanda’s isolationism is fully expressed by W’Kabi, T’Challa’s best friend, who is wary about refugees entering Wakanda and–I am paraphrasing–“bringing their problems with them.” I considered that for a second, the ways in which the word “refugee” is used in the film, while “immigrant” is not, and I let it go until I couldn’t. Erik Killmonger wouldn’t let me.
Killmonger is the prodigal Wakandan prince, son of N’Jobu, born in Oakland. In the ensuing scuffle resulting from that cramped room in ’92, Erik’s father dies, killed by his own brother. Killmonger has had to claw (pardon) his way back to his homeland by creating his own narrative of exception—MIT-educated, formerly special ops. Killmonger’s challenge to the throne is emotional, political, and cultural. He upends T’Challa’s esteem for his father. He tests the elders’ notions of respectability by showing up to the throne room shirtless. There is that “Hello, Auntie,” line. There is the turn the music takes when he takes over Wakanda.
Fears of immigration are also cultural fears. It’s what drove the white working class to vote for Trump—the question of what will happen to way of life. In Trinidad and Tobago, the concern over black and brown immigrants, despite its own brownness, is palpable; there are familiar narratives linking Jamaicans to crime, South Americans to prostitution—cultural fears that have worsened with the Venezuelan refugee crisis. I thought of the integrity of Wakanda’s cultural might, as displayed in its polished aesthetics. How would Wakandans feel if other cultures entered and settled? If a lack of colonization results in an unfettered ability to increase wealth (though I am still not sure what wealth means in Wakanda and to a nation which seems to trade with no-one), to develop civilization and accrue power, at what point in time does human nature, with its suspicion, desire, and fecklessness take over? Watching it, I felt all the discomfort of coming full circle.
I understood, through the repeated reference to Killmonger as “outsider,” despite being a literal cousin, despite winning the country’s only legitimate challenge to the throne, that Wakanda was neither the Afrofuture we deserved nor imagined. It was right now, in my parents’ fear of America radicalizing me, of my father’s repeated warnings to ignore race talk, in my grandmothers questioning why American black people “sound that way.”
I’ve been told (by some white people, actually), that this is the point of the movie, to reveal the ways in which black people are driven apart by misplaced contempt for each other. I agree that this is the case. But I do not agree with the ways the movie seeks to resolve this contempt. I wonder about the inextricable link between Killmonger’s villainy and his status as foreigner. I wonder if his dying line about slave ships (“Throw me in the ocean with my ancestors that jumped off the slave ships, because they knew death was better than bondage”), his joyriding, and the more bombastic details of his past serve as a kind of smokescreen to explain away his bloodlust, especially to white audiences. I wonder how we would have seen him if he more calculated, if his motives were better articulated. I wonder, all the time and in frustration, about the missing link between all black people and violence, of what collectively stops us from seeing it as justifiable. I wonder about the happy endings Disney movies must have, and whether the building of a community centre was supposed to be one. I wonder about the convenience of foreign aid, the way it helps keep a healthy distance. At the end of the movie, neither Killmonger nor Wakanda redeem themselves for me, but I wish one of those characters was given a better chance to do so.
I’m still unsure as to whether my criticism of Black Panther is a criticism of the movie or of the overwhelming need to see Wakanda as wish fulfillment. It is difficult to disentangle the two when the movie is a clear achievement for black cinema, when it has become so close to black people everywhere, embedding itself into our social and cultural lives. I felt relationships tense when I told people I couldn’t get down with movie, that the feeling of discomfort I’d experienced at the end of the movie was too palpable to be ignored.
Is Black Panther–or any piece of black art–allowed to mean different things to different kinds of black people? When I watched the movie I wanted to celebrate it, but another part of me felt my outsiderness affirmed by yet another nation’s inability to deal with the problem of migration. Must a collective desire for representation supersede all other considerations? Or can black people disagree–like T’Challa and Killmonger–without a silencing of one of those sides?
Amanda Choo Quan is a Trinidadian-Jamaican writer, performer, and cultural investigator currently based in Los Angeles. She is a graduate of the University of the West Indies, Mona, where she earned the Brodber-Pollard prize, and of CalArts’ MFA in Creative Writing, where she was a Truman Capote Fellow. She has attended Callaloo and Cropper Foundation workshops, the Juniper Summer Institute, and the Scottish Universities Summer International School. She was most recently awarded a REEF/CalArts residency. Her work can be seen in Callaloo or on various stages across LA. She enjoys writing about displacement, intimacy, and evil.
A Black Foreigner on Black Panther was last modified: March 31st, 2018 by Guest Contributor
Mini-Syllabus: Uncertainty
Jem and the Holographic Feminisms (#3)
Cinepoems and Others by Benjamin Fondane
Sunday List: Summer
Where to Submit: September, October, and November 2018
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PM Nawaz, Army Chief back after three-day Saudi Arabia visit
by Sarfraz Ali | Published on March 12, 2016 (Edited March 12, 2016)
ISLAMABAD (Staff Report) – Prime Minister Muhammad Nawaz Sharif and Army Chief General Sharif arrived here Saturday after completing his three-day official visit to Saudi Arabia, at the invitation of King Salman bin Abdulaziz al Saud. While being in the
ISLAMABAD (Staff Report) – Prime Minister Muhammad Nawaz Sharif and Army Chief General Sharif arrived here Saturday after completing his three-day official visit to Saudi Arabia, at the invitation of King Salman bin Abdulaziz al Saud.
While being in the Kingdom, the Prime Minister’s engagements included attending “North Thunder” military exercises, dinner hosted by King and witnessing the military parade along with other Heads of States and Majesties whose forces took part in the exercise.
Special Assistant to PM on Foreign Affairs Tariq Fatemi accompanied the Prime Minister.
The Prime Minister also met Saudi King and discussed the matters of mutual interest besides thanking him for strong and consistent support to Pakistan.
At last leg of his visit, the Prime Minister, along with his delegation, paid respect at Roza-e-Rasool and offered Fajr and Isha prayers and Nawafil at Masjid-e-Nabvi.
The Prime Minister was seen off at Madina Airport by Deputy Governor of Madina Abdul Mohsin al Muneef and other senior officials.
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USAID sign Memorandum of Understanding with PBIT to promote investment in agriculture
by Fayyaz Hussain | Published on February 23, 2016
LAHORE (Web Desk) – At a ceremony held in Lahore, United States Agency for International Development (USAID) and the Punjab Board of Investment and Trade (PBIT) signed a memorandum of understanding to promote Punjab as a desirable destination for investment
LAHORE (Web Desk) – At a ceremony held in Lahore, United States Agency for International Development (USAID) and the Punjab Board of Investment and Trade (PBIT) signed a memorandum of understanding to promote Punjab as a desirable destination for investment in agriculture.
“The MoU signed today highlights USAID’s commitment to developing the agriculture sector in Punjab. Through this partnership, USAID and PBIT will work together in promoting investment and creating jobs in the livestock, dairy and horticulture sectors,” USAID Provincial Director for Punjab Dr. Miles Toder remarked. “The combination of USAID and PBIT resources will help stimulate the business enabling environment in the province, which will help overcome investment and trade challenges.”
Through this memorandum, the USAID-funded Punjab Enabling Environment Project (PEEP) and PBIT will promote investment opportunities for joint ventures, advocate for public-private partnerships emerging from the Government of Punjab’s agricultural initiatives, and highlight trade and investment areas for international and domestic investors.
Speaking at the ceremony, PBIT CEO Ms. Amena Cheema said, “Punjab is Pakistan’s agricultural heartland and offers tremendous opportunities for investments in sectors such as livestock, dairy and horticulture.”
USAID’s Punjab Enabling Environment Project is a five-year, $15 million project to improve the business environment in the livestock, dairy and horticulture sectors of Punjab.
Punjab Board of Investment and Trade (PBIT) is the Government of Punjab’s premier body to facilitate and support trade and investment in the province and facilitate linkages between investors, government and private agencies.
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Bob Lloyd Schieffer (born February 25, 1937) is an American television journalist.[1] He is known for his moderation of presidential debates, where he has been praised for his capability.[2] Schieffer is one of the few journalists to have covered all four of the major Washington national assignments: the White House, the Pentagon, United States Department of State, and United States Congress. His career with CBS has almost exclusively dealt with national politics. He has interviewed every United States President since Richard Nixon, as well as most of those who sought the office.[1]
Schieffer in New York City in April 2006
Bob Lloyd Schieffer
(1937-02-25) February 25, 1937 (age 82)
Austin, Texas, U.S.
Journalist, Anchor
Notable credit(s)
Face the Nation moderator (1991–2015)
CBS Evening News (2005–06)
60 Minutes (1973–96)
Chief Washington Correspondent; Anchor, Face the Nation
Patricia Penrose (m. 1967)
Tom Schieffer (brother)
Sharon Mayes (sister)
CBS News Bio
Schieffer has been with CBS News since 1969, serving as the anchor on the Saturday edition of CBS Evening News for 20 years, from 1976 to 1996, as well as the Chief Washington Correspondent from 1982 until 2015, and moderator of the Sunday public affairs show, Face the Nation, from 1991 until May 31, 2015. From March 2005 to August 31, 2006, Schieffer was interim weekday anchor of CBS Evening News, and was one of the primary substitutes for Katie Couric and Scott Pelley.
Following his retirement from Face the Nation, Schieffer has continued to work for CBS as a contributor, making many appearances on air giving political commentary covering the 2016 presidential election. Schieffer is currently releasing episodes of a new podcast, "Bob Schieffer's 'About the News' with H. Andrew Schwartz".
Schieffer has written three books about his career in journalism: Face the Nation: My Favorite Stories from the First 50 Years of the Award-Winning News Broadcast, This Just In: What I Couldn't Tell You on TV, and Bob Schieffer's America. He co-authored a book about Ronald Reagan, The Acting President, with Gary Paul Gates, that was published in 1989.[3] In his memoir, This Just In, Schieffer credits the fact he was a beat reporter at CBS for his longevity at the network.
Schieffer has won virtually every award in broadcast journalism, including eight Emmys, the overseas Press Club Award, the Paul White Award presented by the TV News Directors Association, and the Edward R. Murrow Award given by Murrow's alma mater, Washington State University.[1][4]
Shieffer was inducted into the Broadcasting & Cable Hall of Fame in 2002, and inducted into the National Academy of Arts and Sciences Hall of Fame in 2013.[5] He was named a living legend by the Library of Congress in 2008.[1]
Schieffer is currently serving as the Walter Shorenstein Media and Democracy Fellow at Harvard Kennedy School's Shorenstein Center.[1]
Schieffer was born on February 25, 1937, in Austin, Texas, to John Emmitt Schieffer and Gladys Payne Schieffer, and grew up in Fort Worth, Texas. He is an alumnus of North Side High School, and Texas Christian University (TCU), where he was a member of the Air Force Reserve Officer Training Corps and the Phi Delta Theta fraternity.[6] The College of Communication at TCU was renamed in Bob Schieffer's honor in 2013.[7]
Early careerEdit
After graduating from TCU, Schieffer served in the U.S. Air Force as a public information officer stationed at Travis Air Force Base and later McChord Air Force Base.[8] He was honorably discharged and joined the Fort Worth Star-Telegram as a reporter, with one of his key assignments being a trip to Vietnam to profile soldiers from the Fort Worth area. At the Star Telegram, he received his first major journalistic recognition on November 22, 1963. Schieffer married Patricia Penrose Schieffer in 1967. They have two daughters and three granddaughters.[9]
Shortly after President Kennedy was shot in Dallas, Texas, while in the Star-Telegram office, he received a telephone call from a woman in search of a ride to Dallas. The woman was Marguerite Oswald, Lee Harvey Oswald's mother, whom he accompanied to the Dallas police station where he spent the next several hours. In the company of Oswald's mother, Marguerite and his wife, Marina, he was able to use the phone in the police station to call in dispatches from other Star-Telegram reporters in the building. This enabled the Star-Telegram to create four "Extra" editions on the day of the assassination.[citation needed] Schieffer later joined the Star-Telegram's television station, WBAP-TV in Fort Worth before taking a job with CBS in 1969.
CBS Broadcasting careerEdit
Schieffer was anchor of the CBS Sunday Night News from 1973 to 1974, the CBS Sunday Evening News in 1976, and of the Saturday Evening News broadcast for twenty years from 1976 until 1996. He also anchored the weekday CBS morning show at the time called "Morning", which was titled in accordance to the day of the week (Monday Morning, Tuesday Morning, etc.) from 1979 to 1980. One of his best known roles was as moderator of the Sunday public affairs show, Face the Nation, from 1991 until May 31, 2015.
Schieffer was also known for his reporting duties. Between 1970 and 1974, he was assigned to the Pentagon. From 1974 to 1979, he was the White House correspondent for CBS, and in 1982 he became Chief Washington Correspondent, in addition to his anchor duties.
In the wake of Dan Rather's controversial retirement,[10][11] he was named interim anchor for the weekday CBS Evening News.[12] He assumed that job on March 10, 2005, the day following Rather's last broadcast.
Under Schieffer, the CBS Evening News gained about 200,000 viewers, to average 7.7 million viewers, reversing some of the decline in ratings that occurred during Rather's tenure; while NBC Nightly News was down by 700,000 viewers, and ABC's World News Tonight lost 900,000.[13] Schieffer closed the gap with ABC's World News Tonight when co-anchor Bob Woodruff was injured in late January 2006.[citation needed]
Schieffer made his last CBS Evening News broadcast on August 31, 2006,[14] and was replaced by Katie Couric.[15] On Couric's second broadcast, he returned to provide segments for the evening news as chief Washington correspondent. Schieffer was also a substitute anchor for Couric and Scott Pelley when he became anchor of the evening news in June 2011.
On October 13, 2004, Schieffer was the moderator of the third presidential debate between President George W. Bush and Senator John Kerry in Tempe, Arizona. On October 15, 2008, Schieffer moderated the third presidential debate between Senator Barack Obama and Senator John McCain. Schieffer also moderated the third debate of the presidential candidates in 2012, between President Obama and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney, on October 22, in Boca Raton, Florida.
In 2013, Schieffer won the Walter Cronkite Award for Excellence in Journalism.[16]
Retirement from broadcastingEdit
On April 8, 2015, Schieffer announced his intention to retire as host of Face the Nation while speaking at his alma mater, Texas Christian University, in Fort Worth. Schieffer departed after working in journalism for 52 years, 46 of those years with CBS.[17][18] On the April 12 broadcast of the program, he announced that John Dickerson, the current political director for CBS, will succeed him, beginning in June 2015.[19]
As he prepared to retire from Face The Nation, Schieffer reflected on the acclaim that came his way during the latter stages of his career. "The interesting thing about my life — a lot of the recognition I got was after most people retired," he told The New York Times, going on to add, "I think that people just became familiar with me just because I had been there and others had come and gone."[20]
Schieffer's final broadcast as moderator of Face the Nation was on May 31, 2015.
Singing careerEdit
Since leaving the anchor desk at CBS Evening News in 2006, Schieffer has entertained his longstanding interest in songwriting by collaborating with musicians in New York and Washington, D.C. His latest efforts have resulted in four songs with the Washington area band, Honky Tonk Confidential, all of which appear on their CD, Road Kill Stew and Other News (with Special Guest Bob Schieffer). Schieffer sings "TV Anchorman", and wrote the lyrics for the other songs.
Schieffer at the LBJ Library in 2016
Schieffer married Patricia Penrose in 1967 and has two daughters.[9]
Schieffer is the older brother of Tom Schieffer, a friend and former business partner of President George W. Bush, who was appointed U.S. Ambassador to Australia from 2001 to 2005 by President Bush, and served as U.S. Ambassador to Japan from 2005 through 2009. On March 2, 2009, Tom Schieffer announced he was forming an exploratory committee that will allow him to seek the Democratic nomination for Governor of Texas.
Schieffer has a sister, Sharon Schieffer Mayes, who is a retired teacher and school administrator who taught science for 17 years before becoming the Vice Principal of Dunbar High School in Fort Worth, Texas. Sharon Mayes eventually became the high school principal at Keller High School at a time when only 2 percent of the principals in the largest high schools in Texas were women.
Schieffer is a survivor of grade III bladder cancer. He was diagnosed in 2003 and has been cancer-free since 2004.[21] He has been diagnosed as having type 2 diabetes, and is on insulin therapy.[22]
Popular cultureEdit
After fellow CBS newscaster and Texan, Dan Rather, was switched from the White House beat to hosting the documentary show, CBS Reports, in 1974, the October 13, 1974 edition of the Doonesbury comic strip featured a joking fantasy scene in which Schieffer, his successor, haltingly comments on the transition: "It was the affiliates – they just couldn't take him.[23] I mean let's face it, Dan wasn't exactly MR. TACT!. I dunno.... Maybe it's just as well in the long run, I mean, you know? Anyway, this is Robert Schieffer at the White House...." (Schieffer notes that "The strip was right on except for one thing. My real name is Bob, not Robert").
Schieffer had a cameo appearance beside Harrison Ford in the 2010 film, Morning Glory, with CBS News colleague, Morley Safer and Chris Matthews at MSNBC.
Career timelineEdit
1973–1974: CBS Sunday Night News anchor[24]
1973–1996: 60 Minutes contributor
1973–2005: CBS Evening News anchor (summer and weekend editions)[24]
1982 – 2015: CBS News Chief Washington correspondent[24]
May 1991 – May 31, 2015: Face the Nation moderator[24]
March 10, 2005 – August 31, 2006: CBS Evening News anchor[24]
2016–present: CBS News contributor [24]
Good Show, President Reagan : THE ACTING PRESIDENT (1989) with Gary Paul Gates[25]
This Just In: What I Couldn’t Tell You on TV (2003)[26]
FACE THE NATION: My Favorite Stories from the First 50 Years of the Award-Winning News Broadcast (2004)[27]
Bob Schieffer's America (2008)[28]
Overload: Finding the Truth in Today's Deluge of News (2017)[29] with H. Andrew Schwartz[30]
New Yorkers in journalism
^ a b c d e "CBS Biography for Mr. Bob Schieffer". Retrieved 28 June 2016.
^ "Bob Schieffer stays cool amid debate's heat". USA Today.
^ Taylor, John H. (15 October 1989). "Good Show, President Reagan: THE ACTING PRESIDENT". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 25 September 2011.
^ "Paul White Award". Radio Television Digital News Association. Retrieved 27 May 2014.
^ "Broadcasting & Cable Press Release for Mr. Bob Schieffer". 17 November 2002. Retrieved 28 June 2016.
^ Bates, Matthew (19 April 2006). "CBS News Anchor Bob Schieffer Proud of Air Force Past". Air Force Print News. Retrieved 28 June 2016.
^ Youngman, Clayton (19 April 2016). "Schieffer Family Establishes Full Ride TCU Scholarship". TCU Department of Journalism. Retrieved 28 June 2016.
^ This Just In: What I Couldn't Tell You on TV by Bob Schieffer
^ a b Krinsky, Alissa (August 25, 2008). "So What Do You Do, Bob Schieffer, Chief Washington Correspondent, CBS News?". Mediabistro. Retrieved December 25, 2014.
^ Rather: 'Time for me to move on' USAToday.com, November 23, 2004
^ Telling It Slant Slate, November 24, 2004
^ Dan Rather given a bite by Cronkite The Observer, March 13, 2005
^ Couric Confirms: She’s Headed for CBS Archived 2011-06-04 at the Wayback Machine Poynter, April 4, 2006
^ Katie Couric / CBS Timeline (1975–2010) Poynter, July 19, 2006
^ Katie Couric says she's leaving ‘Today’ MSNBC, July 4, 2006
^ Arizona State University. "Walter Cronkite School of Journalism and Mass Communication". Retrieved November 23, 2016.
^ ""Face the Nation" host Bob Schieffer to retire this summer". Face the Nation. CBS News. April 8, 2015.
^ Koblin, John (8 April 2015). "Veteran CBS Newscaster Bob Schieffer Announces Plan to Retire" – via NYTimes.com.
^ John Dickerson Will Succeed Bob Schieffer on 'Face the Nation' Poynter.org Archived 2015-04-12 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved April 12, 2015.
^ Koblin, John (29 May 2015). "Bob Schieffer of 'Face the Nation' Prepares to Sign Off" – via NYTimes.com.
^ Transcript – Bob Schieffer interview with Larry King CNN LARRY KING LIVE, February 22, 2004
^ Video Interview – Bob Schieffer Faces Diabetes Archived 2013-07-22 at the Wayback Machine dLife,
^ Doonesbury comic strip. "Doonesbury by G.B. Trudeau". gocomics.com. Retrieved 25 October 2011.
^ a b c d e f "Bob Schieffer". CBS News. June 17, 2010.
^ Judis, John B. (1989-07-30). "Did the White House run itself?". The New York Times. Retrieved 2017-10-05.
^ Morales, Tatiana (2003-01-30). "'This Just In' By Bob Schieffer". CBS News. Retrieved 2017-10-05.
^ "FACE THE NATION: My Favorite Stories from the First 50 Years of the Award-Winning News Broadcast". Publishers Weekly. 2004-08-16. Retrieved 2017-10-05.
^ "Bob Schieffer's Takes On America". CBS News. 2008-09-09. Retrieved 2017-10-05.
^ Hinson, Elizabeth (2017-09-28). "Sunday: Bob Schieffer". CBS News. Retrieved 2017-10-05.
^ "Overload: Finding Truth in Today's Deluge of News". Publishers Weekly. 2017-10-01. Retrieved 2017-10-05.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Bob Schieffer.
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Post-war consensus
(Redirected from Butskellism)
The post-war consensus is a historian's model of political co-operation in post-war British political history, from the end of World War II in 1945 to the late-1970s, and its repudiation by Conservative Party leader Margaret Thatcher. Majorities in both parties agreed upon it. The consensus tolerated or encouraged nationalisation, strong trade unions, heavy regulation, high taxes, and a generous welfare state.[1]
The concept states that there was a widespread consensus that covered support for coherent package of policies that were developed in the 1930s and promised during the Second World War, focused on a mixed economy, Keynesianism, and a broad welfare state.[2] In recent years, the timing of the interpretation has been debated by historians, asking whether it had weakened and collapsed before Thatcherism arrived in 1979.[3] There has also been debate as to whether a "postwar consensus" ever really existed.[4]
The modelEdit
The historian's model of the post-war consensus was most fully developed by Paul Addison.[5] The basic argument is that in the 1930s Liberal intellectuals led by John Maynard Keynes and William Beveridge developed a series of plans that became especially attractive as the wartime government promised a much better post-war Britain and saw the need to engage every sector of society. The coalition government during the war, headed by Churchill and Attlee, signed off on a series of white papers that promised Britain a much improved welfare state after the war. The promises included the national health service, and expansion of education, housing, and a number of welfare programmes. It included the nationalisation of weak industries.
In education, the major legislation was the Education Act of 1944, written by Conservative Rab Butler, a moderate, with his deputy, Labour's James Chuter Ede, a former teacher who would become Home Secretary throughout the Attlee administration. It expanded and modernised the educational system and became part of the consensus.[6][7] The Labour Party did not challenge the system of elite public schools – they became part of the consensus. It also called for building many new universities to dramatically broaden educational base of society. Conservatives did not challenge the socialised medicine of the National Health Service; indeed, they boasted they could do a better job of running it.[8]
In foreign policy, the consensus called for an anti-Communist Cold War policy, decolonisation, close ties to NATO and to the United States and the Commonwealth, and slowly emerging ties to the European Community.[9][page needed]
The model states that from 1945 until the arrival of Margaret Thatcher in 1979, there was a broad multi-partisan national consensus on social and economic policy, especially regarding the welfare state, nationalised health services, educational reform, a mixed economy, government regulation, Keynesian macroeconomics, policies, and full employment. Apart from the question of nationalisation of some industries, these policies were broadly accepted by the three major parties, as well as by industry, the financial community and the labour movement. Until the 1980s, historians generally agreed on the existence and importance of the consensus. Some historians such as Ralph Miliband expressed disappointment that the consensus was a modest or even conservative package that blocked a fully socialised society. [10] Historian Angus Calder complained bitterly that the post-war reforms were an inadequate reward for the wartime sacrifices, and a cynical betrayal of the people's hope for a more just post-war society.[11] In recent years, there has been a historiographical debate on whether such a consensus ever existed.
Policies inside the consensusEdit
The foundations of the post-war consensus can be traced to the reports of William Beveridge, a Liberal economist who in 1942 formulated the concept of a more comprehensive welfare state in Great Britain.[12] The first general election since 1935 was held in Britain in May 1945, giving a landslide victory for the Labour Party, whose leader was Clement Attlee. The policies undertaken and implemented by this Labour government laid the base of the consensus. The Conservative Party accepted many of these changes and promised not to reverse them in its 1947 Industrial Charter.
The post-war consensus included a belief in Keynesian economics,[12] a mixed economy with the nationalisation of major industries, the establishment of the National Health Service and the creation of the modern welfare state in Britain. The policies were instituted by all governments (both Labour and Conservative) in the post-war period. The consensus has been held to characterise British politics until the economic crises of the 1970s which led to the end of the post-war economic boom and the rise of monetarist economics.
Labour revisionismEdit
The Future of Socialism by Anthony Crosland, published in 1956, was one of the most influential books in post-war British Labour Party thinking[13] It was the seminal work of the 'revisionist' school of Labour politics.[14] A central argument in the book is Crosland's distinction between 'means' and 'ends'. Crosland demonstrates the variety of socialist thought over time, and argues that a definition of socialism founded on nationalisation and public ownership is mistaken, since these are simply one possible means to an end. For Crosland, the defining goal of the left should be more social equality. Crosland argued that
In Britain, equality of opportunity and social mobility... are not enough. They need to be combined with measures... to equalise the distribution of rewards and privileges so as to diminish the degree of class stratification, the injustices of large inequalities and the collective discontents.
Crosland also argued that an attack on unjustified inequalities would give any left party a political project to make the definition of the end point of 'how much equality' a secondary and more academic question.
Crosland also developed his argument about the nature of capitalism (developing the argument in his contribution 'The Transition from Capitalism' in the 1952 New Fabian Essays volume). Asking, "is this still capitalism?", Crosland argued that post-war capitalism had fundamentally changed, meaning that the Marxist claim that it was not possible to pursue equality in a capitalist economy was no longer true. Crosland wrote that,
The most characteristic features of capitalism have disappeared – the absolute rule of private property, the subjection of all life to market influences, the domination of the profit motive, the neutrality of government, typical laissez-faire division of income and the ideology of individual rights.
Crosland argued that these features of a reformed managerial capitalism were irreversible. Others within the Labour Party argued that Margaret Thatcher and Ronald Reagan brought about its reversal.
A third important argument was Crosland's liberal vision of the 'good society'. Here his target was the dominance in Labour and Fabian thinking of Sidney Webb and Beatrice Webb, and a rather grey, top down bureaucratic vision of the socialist project. Following Tawney, Crosland stressed that equality would not mean uniformity:
We need not only higher exports and old-age pensions, but more open-air cafes, brighter and gayer streets at night, later closing hours for public houses, more local repertory theatres, better and more hospitable hoteliers and restaurateurs, brighter and cleaner eating houses, more riverside cafes, more pleasure gardens on the Battersea model, more murals and pictures in public places, better designs for furniture and pottery and women’s clothes, statues in the centre of new housing estates, better-designed new street lamps and telephone kiosks and so on ad infinitum.
ButskellismEdit
Rab Butler
Hugh Gaitskell
"Butskellism" was a somewhat satirical term sometimes used in British politics to refer to this consensus, established in the 1950s and associated with the exercise of office as Chancellor of the Exchequer by Rab Butler of the Conservatives and Hugh Gaitskell of Labour. The term was inspired by a leading article in The Economist by Norman Macrae which dramatised the claimed convergence by referring to a fictitious "Mr. Butskell".[15][16]
Debate about consensusEdit
However, the concept of consensus has also been challenged as a myth. Labour Historian Ben Pimlott says this idea is a "mirage, an illusion which rapidly fades the closer one gets to it."[17] Pimlott sees much disputation and little harmony.[18] He notes the term "Butskellism" meant harmony of economic policy between the parties, but it was in practice a term of abuse, not celebration.[19] In 2002, Scott Kelly claimed that there was in fact a sustained argument over the use of physical controls, monetary policy and direct taxation.[20] Political scientists Dennis Kavanagh and Peter Morris defend the concept, arguing that clear, major continuities existed regarding policies toward the economy, full employment, trade unions, and welfare programs. There was agreement as well on the major issues of foreign policy.[21] British historian David Kynaston considers the period of post-war consensus a unique and distinct period in the history of twentieth century Britain and has undertaken to map the development of British society between 1945–79 in his ongoing series of books titled Tales of a New Jerusalem. So far, three volumes have been published, covering the years 1945–63.[22]
Collapse of consensusEdit
Market-orientated conservatives gathered strength in the 1970s in the face of economic paralysis. They rediscovered Friedrich Hayek's the Road to Serfdom (1944) and brought in Milton Friedman, the leader of the Chicago school of economics. He preached Monetarism to discredit Keynesianism. Keith Joseph played a major role as an advisor to Thatcher.[23]
Keynesianism itself seemed no longer to be the magic bullet for economic crises of the 1970s. Mark Kesselman et al. argue:
Britain was suffering economically without growth and with growing political discontent ... the "winter of discontent" destroyed Britain's collectivist consensus and discredited the Keynesian welfare state.[24]
Global events such as the 1973 oil crisis put pressure on the post-war consensus; this pressure was intensified by domestic problems such as high inflation, the three-day week and industrial unrest (particularly in the declining coal-mining industry). In early 1976, expectations that inflation and the double deficit would get worse precipitated a Sterling crisis. By October, the pound had fallen by almost 25% against the dollar. At this point the Bank of England had exhausted its foreign reserves trying to prop up the currency, and as a result the Callaghan government felt forced to ask the International Monetary Fund for a £2.3 billion loan, then the largest that the IMF had ever made. In return the IMF demanded massive spending cuts and a tightening of the money supply. That marked a suspension of Keynesian economics in Britain. Callaghan reinforced this message in his speech to the Labour Party Conference at the height of the crisis, saying:
We used to think that you could spend your way out of a recession and increase employment by cutting taxes and boosting government spending. I tell you in all candour that that option no longer exists, and in so far as it ever did exist, it only worked on each occasion since the war by injecting a bigger dose of inflation into the economy, followed by a higher level of unemployment as the next step.[25]
Thatcher reversed other elements of the post-war consensus, as when her Housing Act 1980 allowed the residents to buy their flats. Thatcher did keep key elements of the post-war consensus, such as nationalised health care. She promised Britons in 1982, the National Health Service is "safe in our hands."[26]
Economists Stephen Broadberry and Nicholas Crafts have argued that anticompetitive practices, enshrined in the post-war consensus, appear to have hindered the efficient working of the economy and, by implication, the reallocation of resources to their most profitable uses.[27] David Higgins says the statistical data support Broadberry and Crafts.[28]
The consensus was increasingly seen by those on the right as being the cause of Britain's relative economic decline. Believers in New Right political beliefs saw their ideology as the solution to Britain's economic dilemmas in the 1970s. When the Conservative Party won the 1979 general election in the wake of the 1978–79 Winter of discontent, they implemented New Right ideas and brought the post-war consensus to an end. A similar Thatcherite consensus would exist during John Major's premiership, with Neil Kinnock, John Smith and Tony Blair mostly accepting the policies advocated by the Conservatives at this time-this would continue until the 2008 Financial Crisis which convinced politicians to abandon New Right neo-liberal markets and deregulation in favour of Keynesian methodologies.[citation needed]
New ZealandEdit
Outside Britain, the term "post-war consensus" is used for an era of New Zealand political history, from the first New Zealand Labour Party government of the 1930s until the election of a fundamentally changed Labour party in 1984, following years of mostly New Zealand National Party rule. As in the UK, it was built around a 'historic compromise' between the different classes in society: the rights, health and security of employment for all workers would be guaranteed, in return for co-operation between unions and employers. The key ideological tenets of governments of the period were Keynesian economic policy, heavy interventionism, economic regulation and a very powerful welfare state.[29]
Blatcherism
Gaitskellism
Post-war Britain
^ Dutton, David (1997). British Politics Since 1945: The Rise, Fall and Rebirth of Consensus (2nd ed. Blackwell).
^ Kavanagh, Dennis (1992). "The Postwar Consensus," Twentieth Century British History. 3#2 pp. 175–90.
^ Toye, Richard (2013). "From 'Consensus' to 'Common Ground': The Rhetoric of the Postwar Settlement and its Collapse," Journal of Contemporary History. 48#1 pp. 3–23.
^ Ritschel, Daniel (2003). "Consensus in the Postwar Period After 1945," in David Loades, ed., Reader's Guide to British History. 1:296–97.
^ Paul Addison, The road to 1945: British politics and the Second World War (1975).
^ Kevin Jeffereys, "R. A. Butler, the Board of Education and the 1944 Education Act," History (1984) 69#227 pp. 415–31.
^ Brian Simon, "The 1944 Education Act: A Conservative Measure?," History of Education (1986) 15#1 pp. 31–43.
^ Rudolf Klein, "Why Britain's conservatives support a socialist health care system." Health Affairs 4#1 (1985): 41–58. online
^ Michael R. Gordon, Conflict and consensus in Labour's foreign policy, 1914–1965 (1969).
^ Ralph Miliband, Parliamentary socialism: A study in the politics of labour. (1972).
^ Angus Campbell, The Peoples War: Britain, 1939–1945 (1969).
^ a b Kenneth O. Morgan, Britain Since 1945: The People's Peace (2001), pp. 4, 6
^ Jeffreys, Kevin (March 2006). "Tony Crosland, The Future of Socialism and New Labour". History Review. pp. 37–38.
^ Crosland sought to revise the Labour Party's constitutional commitment to the nationalisation of the means of production, distribution and exchange, (Aims, Clause four, party four): "If Socialism is defined as the nationalisation of the means of production, distribution and exchange, we produce solutions which deny almost all the values that socialists have normally read into the word.” Quoted by Hattersley in Hattersley, Roy, To imagine Labour's future, rewind 50 years, The Times online, September 15, 2006, accessed 27 June 2007
^ The Economist, February 1954
^ The Economist. "The unacknowledged giant", 27 June 2010
^ Peter Kerr (2005). Postwar British Politics: From Conflict to Consensus. Routledge. p. 44.
^ Ben Pimlott, "Is The 'Postwar Consensus' A Myth?" Contemporary Record (1989) 2#6 pp. 12–14.
^ David Dutton, British Politics Since 1945: The Rise, Fall and Rebirth of Consensus (2nd ed. Blackwell, 1997) pp. 2–3
^ Kelly (2002)
^ Dennis Kavanagh and Peter Morris, "Is the 'Postwar Consensus' A Myth?" Contemporary Record (1989) 2#6 pp. 14–15.
^ https://www.goodreads.com/series/73707-tales-of-a-new-jerusalem
^ Stephen J. Lee (1996). Aspects of British Political History: 1914–1995. Routledge. p. 224.
^ Mark Kesselman; et al. (2012). Introduction to Comparative Politics, Brief Edition. Cengage Learning. p. 59.
^ B. Brivati; R. Heffernan (2000). The Labour Party: A Centenary History. Palgrave Macmillan. p. 95.
^ Broadberry (2003).
^ David M. Higgins, "British Manufacturing Financial Performance, 1950–79: Implications for the Productivity Debate and the Post-War Consensus," Business History (2003) 45#3 pp. 52–71.
^ Joel D. Aberbach and Tom Christensen, "Radical reform in New Zealand: crisis, windows of opportunity, and rational actors." Public Administration 79#2 (2001): 403–22.
Addison, Paul. The road to 1945: British politics and the Second World War (1975).
Black, Lawrence, and Hugh Pemberton. An Affluent Society? Britain's Post-war 'Golden Age' Revisited (Gower, 2004).
Broadberry, Stephen and Nicholas Crafts (2003). "UK Productivity Performance from 1950 to 1979: A Restatement of the Broadberry-Crafts View" (subscription required) in The Economic History Review, vol. 56, No. 4, pp. 718–35.
Dutton, David. British Politics Since 1945: The Rise, Fall and Rebirth of Consensus (2nd ed. Blackwell, 1997). excerpt; political history seen from Consensus viewpoint
Harrison, Brian. "The rise, fall and rise of political consensus in Britain since 1940." History 84.274 (1999): 301-324. online
Jones, Harriet and Michael Kandiah, eds. The Myth of Consensus: New Views on British History, 1945–64 (1996) excerpt
Lowe, Rodney. "The Second World War, consensus, and the foundation of the welfare state." Twentieth Century British History 1#2 (1990): 152–182.
O'Hara, Glen. From dreams to disillusionment: economic and social planning in 1960s Britain (Palgrave Macmillan, 2007) online PhD version
Reeves, Rachel, and Martin McIvor. "Clement Attlee and the foundations of the British welfare state." Renewal: a Journal of Labour Politics 22#3/4 (2014): 42+. online
Ritschel, Daniel. "Consensus in the Postwar Period After 1945," In David Loades, ed., Reader's Guide to British History (2003) 1:296–97.
Toye, Richard. "From 'Consensus' to 'Common Ground': The Rhetoric of the Postwar Settlement and its Collapse," Journal of Contemporary History (2013) 48#1 pp. 3–23.
Williamson, Adrian. "The Bullock Report on Industrial Democracy and the Post-War Consensus." Contemporary British History 30#1 (2016): 119–49.
Kelly, S. (2002). The Myth of Mr. Butskell: The Politics of British Economic Policy, 1950–55. London: Ashgate. ISBN 978-0-7546-0604-8.
Rollings, Neil. "‘Poor Mr Butskell: A Short Life, Wrecked by Schizophrenia’?." Twentieth Century British History 5#2 (1994): 183–205.
Rollings, Neil. "Butskellism, the postwar consensus and the managed economy." in Harriet Jones and Michael Kandiah, eds. The Myth of Consensus: New Views on British History, 1945–64 (1996) pp. 97–119 excerpt
Dennis Kavanagh, "Thatcherism and the End of the Post-War Consensus" BBC 2011-03-03
"Historiography of Post-War British History and Politics", major books annotated
Timothy Heppel, "The Theory of Post-War Consensus" (2014)
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Post-war_consensus&oldid=883950245#Butskellism"
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Frederic, Harold
Fredericia→
See also Harold Frederic on Wikipedia; and our 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica disclaimer.
7340251911 Encyclopædia Britannica, Volume 11 — Frederic, Harold
FREDERIC, HAROLD (1856–1898), Anglo-American novelist, was born on the 19th of August 1856 at Utica, N.Y., was educated there, and took to journalism. He went to live in England as London correspondent of the New York Times in 1884, and was soon recognized for his ability both as a writer and as a talker. He wrote several clever early stories, but it was not till he published Illumination (1896), followed by Gloria Mundi (1898), that his remarkable gifts as a novelist were fully realized. He died in England on the 19th of October 1898.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=1911_Encyclopædia_Britannica/Frederic,_Harold&oldid=6766521"
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1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Geoffrey of Paris
←Geoffrey of Monmouth
Geoffrey of Paris
Geoffrey the Baker→
See also Geoffrey of Paris on Wikipedia; and our 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica disclaimer.
13686491911 Encyclopædia Britannica, Volume 11 — Geoffrey of Paris
GEOFFREY OF PARIS (d. c. 1320), French chronicler, was probably the author of the Chronique métrique de Philippe le Bel, or Chronique rimée de Geoffroi de Paris. This work, which deals with the history of France from 1300 to 1316, contains 7918 verses, and is valuable as that of a writer who had a personal knowledge of many of the events which he relates. Various short historical poems have also been attributed to Geoffrey, but there is no certain information about either his life or his writings.
The Chronique was published by J.A. Buchon in his Collection des chroniques, tome ix. (Paris, 1827), and it has also been printed in tome xxii. of the Recueil des historiens des Gaules et de la France (Paris, 1865). See G. Paris, Histoire de la littérature française au moyen âge (Paris, 1890); and A. Molinier, Les Sources de l’histoire de France, tome iii. (Paris, 1903).
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Chicago Times, August 7, 1875
Chicago Times, August 7, 1875 (1875)
by David Whitmer
1227169Chicago Times, August 7, 1875David Whitmer1875
THE GOLDEN TABLES
On Which Were Inscribed the Records of the Tribe of Nephi.
Written in "Improved Egyptian" and Translated by Joseph Smith.
How He Came to Find Them and the Mighty Goggles by Which They Were Translated.
And How He Was Pitched Down Hill for Daring to Think He Had Struck a Bonanza.
An Interview with David Whitmer, Who Helped to Make the Translation.
The First Conflict of Arms, and the Pusillanimous Conduct of Gov. Ford.
And Who Now Holds the Original Manuscripts of the Book of Mormon.
Gen. Doniphan Relates Some Reminiscences of the Prophet's Career in Missouri.
Showing How He Was One Delivered Out of the Hands of His Enemies by the Aid of Filthy Lucre.
While everybody knows that Joseph Smith was the founder of the Church of Christ, or, as it is more commonly called, Mormonism, comparatively few know anything more than this of Smith and his greed. To bring out some of the salient points in the life of this wonderful man, to give the true record of the finding of the golden tablets, and the translation of their "reformed Egyptian" hieroglyphics into the book of Mormon, by means of the Urim and Thummim, and to show wherein the Church of Christ of Latter-Day saints differs from the original Church of Christ, as instituted by Joseph Smith, the prophet, are, in brief, the objects of this article.
JOSEPH SMITH WAS BORN
Dec. 23, 1805, at Sharon, Windsor county, Vert., very much as ordinary mortals are brought into the world. There were no "fiery shapes" or "burning crescents" to mark the advent of this, the greatest prophet since the days of Mohammed. His parents belonged to the sub-stratum of society, or what was known as the mud-still element in ante bellum days. In 1815 they moved to a point near Palmyra, Wayne county, New York, and 10 years later crossed the line and settled in the adjoining county of Ontario. Joseph was an illiterate and wayward, but at the same an original youth. Early in life he manifested a strong tendency toward the mysterious, and managed to earn shillings as a water-witch, using the forked hazel stick to designate the exact place where the credulous could sink wells with a certainty of finding an ample supply of water. So. at least, say those who disbelieve in his religion. It was about the year 1827 that Joseph inaugurated, or was the instrument of inaugurating, one of the most novel and successful religious schemes that has startled the world for many centuries, -- one that has attracted the attention of, and made converts from, the old world as well as the new, and has been and is to-day a formidable element in the religious and political affairs of the republic.
THE BASIS OF THE WHOLE FABRIC
was the finding, or the purported finding, by Smith, of certain sacred records which 14 centuries before had been buried by the last remnant of one of the lost tribes of Israel. How Joseph Smith was led to the discovery, and how he utilized it, was told to a TIMES reporter by David Whitmer, of Missouri, who witnessed much of that whereof he speaks, and who today has in his possession the original documents on which the church was founded. His story runs somewhat thus:
One night Joseph Smith awoke from deep sleep to find his humble room ablaze with glorious effulgence. In the midst of this supernatural radiance stood an angelic figure robed in white, who, in seraphic tones, said to him that in a stone casket buried near the summit of the hill Cumorah were the priceless and sacred records of the Nephites, one of the lost tribes. Presently the light and the strange messenger disappeared, and all was dark. Joseph slept, and a second time he awoke to see the same mysterious light and presence, and to hear the same weird directions. He slept again, and a third time the angelic visitant and heavenly light appeared as before. In the morning Joseph arose pale and haggard, meditating upon the events of the night, and his parents, observing his strange appearance, questioned him closely but received only evasive answers. As soon as he could escape observation, he strolled out and away from the house and sought the hill Cumorah, an oval prominence with a base half a mile in diameter, situated near Manchester. He found the exact spot designated by the white-robed visitor, and at once commenced digging in the rock-ribbed soil. At the depth of two and a half or three feet his faith was rewarded by the discovery of
A SQUARE STONE CASKET
Overpowered by the discovery he rested for a few moments, and then visions of worldly emolument flitted through his overwrought brain. He had been singled out as the discoverer of this secret of the infinite! Should he neglect this golden opportunity to amass a fortune? No! He would take a trusty few into his confidence, the better to accomplish his mercenary purpose, and untold wealth and fame would be guaranteed to all. While these worldly thoughts occupied Joseph's mind, the angel of the Lord again suddenly stood before him, told him that he had approached this sacred spot in irreverent mood, that the secrets of the casket could never be his until he sought them in the proper spirit, and then hurled him unceremoneously to the plain below. Joseph arose chagrined, and resolutely ascended the hill, when he was again hurled back with words of awful warning. A third attempt, with like result, sufficed to convince him that he was battling against the Lord, and he desisted and repaired to his father's house, leaving the casket intact. After long weeks of prayerful purification he again visited the hill Cumorah and reverently unearthed the casket. With an unpoetical crowbar he removed the cover, when were revealed to his astonished sight a number of golden plates, and a singular stone. The plates were each about 6x10 inches in size and were held together by a brazen ring [passing] through a hole near the top, so that the entire package could be opened like a book. On these plates were mystic characters that no man could decipher. A learned philologist in New York city was consulted but confessed his utter ignorance of the language embodied in the symbols. But a stone had been found with the plates, shaped like a pair of ordinary spectacles, though much larger, and at least half an inch in thickness, and perfectly opaque save to the prophetic vision of Joseph Smith. On the tabular plates were engraven the records of the lost tribe of Nephites, and the stone was
THE URIM AND THUMMIM
by which the seers of old had deciphered the mysteries of the universe.
Joseph Smith, recognizing the necessity of having confidants and assistants that he might utilize the great gift, shared the secret with a few young men in the neighborhood, among whom were Oliver Cowdery and Martin Harris. David Whitmer, living 22 miles away, came to town on business, overheard some conversation with reference to the discovery, became interested, formed Joseph's acquaintance, was shown the plates, as well as some practical tests of the Urim and Thummim, and was overwhelmed with conviction, and became an active disciple and confidant. In 1828 Smith commenced the translation of the inscriptions upon the plates but the excitement in the vicinity of his father's residence was such that he was compelled to leave the country. He took refuge at Harmony, Pennsylvania, whither Cowdery soon followed him, stopping over night en route at the house of David Whitmer's father, when the two young men conversed long and earnestly upon the new revelations. In the spring of 1829, even Harmony became too hot for Joseph, and he sent to New York for succor. David Whitmer started out in a wagon, drove 160 miles to Harmony, took Smith and Cowdery as passengers and conveyed them thence to his father's house, where they remained in retirement until September, completing the translation. During all these months David had free access to their room and was
AN EYE-WITNESS TO THE METHOD OF PROCEDURE
The plates were not before Joseph while he translated, but seem to have been removed by the custodian angel. The method pursued was commonplace but nevertheless effective. Having placed the Urim and Thummim in his hat, Joseph placed the hat over his face, and with prophetic eyes read the invisible symbols syllable by syllable and word by word, while Cowdery or Harris acted as recorder. "So illiterate was Joseph at that time," said Mr. Whitmer, "that he didn't even know that Jerusalem was a walled city, and he was utterly unable to pronounce many of the names which the magic power of the Urim and Thummim revealed, and therefore spelled them out in syllables, and the more erudite scribe put them together. The stone was the same used by the Jaredites at Babel. I have frequently placed it to my eyes but could see nothing through it. I have seen Joseph, however, place it to his eyes and instantly read signs 160 miles distant and tell exactly what was transpiring there. When I went to Harmony after him he told me the name of every hotel at which I had stopped on the road, read the signs, and described various scenes without having ever received any information from me." The unbelievers frequently attempted to confound the faithful few by asking them if they supposed
"THAT FOOL BOY"
could write anything, or that God would select such a wretch as a medium of communicating His will. The ready answer was that God was not very particular as to the instruments used to accomplish certain desired ends, and that devils as well as angels had their places in His economy.
In 1830 the Book of Mormon was first published, and on the 6th of April of that year the Church of Christ was organized at Manchester. Before alluding farther to the progress of the church it may be well to inquire what this famous Book of Mormon is or pretends to be. It is composed of the first and second books of Nephi, the Book Nephi which was the son of Helaman, the books of Jacob, Enos, Jarom, Omni, Mosiah, Alma, Helaman, Mormon, and Ether, the Words of Mormon, and the Book of Moroni, the son of Mormon. According to the record, 600 years before Christ a Jewish family left Jerusalem warned by God that
DESTRUCTION AND CAPTIVITY WERE AT HAND
and traveled eastward to the sea. There the patriarch died and Nephi, his son succeeded to the patriarchy and priesthood. By direction of the Lord he built a boat, set sail, and eventually landed in Central America. His followers increased rapidly and at length a schism arose and Laman and his followers refused to obey Nephi and were cut off, cursed and condemned "to be a brutish and savage people, having dark skins, compelled to dig in the ground for roots and hunt their meat in forests like beasts of prey." It was foretold that in time a remnant should have the curse removed, and become "a fair and delightsome people," who should blossom as the rose. These, known as the Lamanites, were the Indians. Meanwhile the Nephites multiplied, spread over North and South America, and built the great cities the ruins of which have astonished the world of to-day. They had numerous kings and prophets, with long names, and frequently went out to war against the Lamanites, and fought terrible battles. There were schisms amongst the Nephites, and many deserted and joined the Lamanites. After many bloody battles the Nephites were gradually driven east beyond the Mississippi, and on the shores of Lake Erie they made a stand, and fought till "the whole land was covered with dead bodies," About A. D. 400 they made a final stand at the Hill Cumorah, in New York, where 20,000 were killed, and all the living captured, save Mormon and his son, Moroni. Mormon here collected the records of the kings and priests of the Nephites, added a book of his own, and gave the volume to his son, who finished it and
BURIED IT IN THE STONE CASKET
upon the hill, assured of God that it would be unearthed in 14 centuries from that date. And sure enough, along came Joseph Smith, the prophet, led by divine agencies, and found the casket containing the sacred records, and the Urim and Thummim by which the "reformed Egyptian" hieroglyphics might be deciphered, and translated them in the presence of David Whitmer, and David Whitmer has the original and only translation, and THE TIMES has from his own lips this truthful account of the same.
Appended to the original edition of the Book of Mormon, published in 1830, is
THE TESTIMONY OF THREE WITNESSES
Be it known unto all nations, kindreds, tongues, and people, unto whom this work shall come, that we, through the grace of God the Father, and our Lord Jesus Christ, have seen the plates which contain this record, which is a record of the people of Nephi, and also of the Lamanites, their brethren, and also of the people of Jared, who came from the tower of which hath been spoken, and we also know that they have been translated by the gift and power of God, for his voice hath declared it unto us; wherefore we know of a surety that the work is true. And we also testify that we have seen the engravings which are upon the plates; and they have been shown unto us by the power of God, and not of man. And we declare with words of soberness that an angel of God came down from heaven, and he brought and laid before our eyes, that we beheld and saw the plates; and the engravings thereon; and we know that it is by the grace of God the Father, and our Lord Jesus Christ, that we beheld and bear record that these things are true; and it is marvelous in our eyes, nevertheless, the voice of the Lord commanded us that we should bear record of it; wherefore, to be obedient unto the commandments of God, we bear testimony of these things. And we know that if we are faithful in Christ, we shall rid our garments of the blood of all men, and be found spotless before the judgment seat of Christ, and shall dwell with him eternally in the heavens. And the honor be to the Father, and to the Son, and to the Holy Ghost, which is one God. Amen. Oliver Cowdery, David Whitmer, Martin Harris.
Cowdery was a brother-in-law of Whitmer, and for two decades has tested,
IN THE SPIRIT LAND
the truth of the faith espoused and adhered to in this; Harris has recently joined him, "gone to meet Oliver Cowdery," as Brother Childs would say, and Whitmer is still lingering on the shores of time to tell of the class to which he belonged. DAVID WHITMER
was born near Harrisburg, Pa., and when he was but four years old his parents removed to New York, settling at a point midway between the northern extremities of Lakes Cayuga and Seneca, two miles from Waterloo, two miles from Seneca river, four miles from Seneca Falls, seven miles from Geneva, and 22 miles from Palmyra. He is now 70 years of age, but as hale and hearty as most men at 60. In person he is above medium height, stoutly built through not corpulent, his shoulders inclining to stoop as if from so long supporting his massive head rather than from the weight of years, his frank, manly, and benevolent face closely shaven, and his whole exterior betokening him to be one of nature's gentlemen. The rudiments of education he learned in school and a life-time of thought and research have served to expand and store his mind with vast funds of information. The Times reporter found him at his pleasant two-story white frame residence near the centre of the town of Richmond, Mo., and in company with Hon. J. T. Child, editor of The Conservator, was admitted, introduced and received a cordial greeting. When the object of the call was made known, Mr. Whitmer smilingly and meditatively remarked that it was true he had in his possession the original records, and was conversant with the history of the Church of Christ from the beginning, but was under obligations to hold both history and records sacred until such time as the interests of truth and true religion might demand their aid to combat error. Presently he became quite animated, arose to his feet and with great earnestness and good nature spoke for half an hour on the harmony between the bible and the original Book of Mormon, showing how the finding of the plates had been predicted, referring to the innumerable evidence, in the shape of ruins of great cities existing on this continent, of its former occupation by a highly civilized race, reverently declared his solemn conviction of the authenticating of the records in his possession and closed by DENOUNCING THE LATTER DAY SAINTS OF UTAH
as an abomination in the sight of the Lord. While he believed implicitly in the original book, he protested against the Book of Covenants, which was simply a compilation of the special revelations that Smith and his successors had pretended to have received. Joe Smith, he said, was generally opposed to these revelations, but was frequently importuned by individuals to reveal their duty, and oftimes he was virtually compelled to yield, and in this way the original purity of the faith was tarnished by human invention, and the accepted records of to-day lumbered with a mass of worse than useless rubbish. Should Brigham Young, or any of his infatuated satellites, ever dare to declare any of their interpolations to be from the original tablets, or proclaim that their pernicious doctrines or practices were authorized by the true version, then he, David Whitmer, would bring forth the records and confound them. Until that time he alone would be the custodian of the sacred documents. When
THE QUESTION OF POLYGAMY
was broached, and it was asked if the original Book of Mormon justified the practice, Mr. Whitmer most emphatically replied: "No! It's is even much more antagonistic to both polygamy and concubinage than is the bible. Joe Smith never to my knowledge advocated it, though I have heard that he virtually sanctioned it as Nauvoo. However, as I cut loose from him in 1837 I can't speak intelligently of what transpired thereafter." David Whitmer believes in the bible as implicitly as any devotee alive; and he believes in the Book of Mormon as much as he does the bible. The one is but a supplement to the other, according to his idea, and neither would be complete were the other lacking. And no man can look at David Whitmer's face for a half-hour, while he charily and modestly speaks of what he has seen, and then boldly and earnestly confesses the faith that is in him, and say that he is a bigot or an enthusiast. While he shrinks from unnecessary public promulgation of creed, and keenly feels that the Brighamites and Danites and numerous other ites have disgraced it, yet he would not hesitate in emergency, to
STAKE HIS HONOR AND EVEN HIS LIFE
upon its reliability. His is the stern faith of the puritans, modified by half a century of benevolent thought and quiet observation. He might have been a martyr had he locked sense and shrewdness to escape the death sentence that was pronounced against him by the high priests of the church he had helped to build. As it is, he is perhaps the only living witness of the wondrous revelation made to Joseph Smith, the founder of Mormonism.
David Whitmer was married in Seneca county, New York, in 1830, and was for a number of years an elder in the Church of Christ. To-day he is the proprietor of a livery stable in Richmond, Mo., owns some real estate, has a handsome balance in the bank, is universally respected by all who know him, and surrounded by children and grandchildren, is pleasantly gliding toward the gates of sunset, confident that the God of Abraham, Isaac and Jacob was also the God of Nephi, whose faithful disciple he has been and is. He does not believe that all believing in the Book of Mormon or all adherents to any other faith will be found among the elect, but that the truly good of every faith will be gathered in fulfillment of prophecy. Neither does he believe that the Book of Mormon is the only record of the lost tribes hidden in the earth, but on the contrary, that the caves hold other records that will not come forth till all is peace and the lion shall eat straw with the lamb. Three times he has been at the Hill Cumorah and seen the casket that contained the tablets and seerstone. Eventually the casket has been washed down to the foot of the hill, but it was to be seen when he last visited the historic place. He declares that he has never been a Mormon, as the term is commonly interpreted, but is a firm believer in the book, in the faith of Christ, and the fulfillment of the prophecies in due time. Some of them have
ALREADY BEEN FULFILLED
for instance, that which declares that the saints shall be driven from city to city, and also the prediction that the twelve apostles shall lead them to the devil.
In 1837 David and his brother John, then living in far west, Missouri, were warned that they must make a confession of their apostacy or be killed, as the leaders of the church were conspiring against them. They determined to accept neither horn of the dilemma and arranged for flight. At an appointed time John emerged from the back door of his house, gave the preconcerted signal by raising his hat, and hastily mounted horses in waiting they rode away. John, as clerk of the church, had its records, and Oliver Cowdery bore off the original translation, and eventually transferred it to the keeping of David. Since that memorable day both John and David Whitmer have kept aloof from the so-called Latter-Day Saints, although firm as ever in the faith as taught by the Book of Mormon. John is a man of fine education, and abundantly able to defend his faith from assaults from any quarter.
THE THEORY COMMONLY ACCEPTED BY SCEPTICS
of the origin of the Book of Mormon differs materially from the account given by David Whitmer. They claim that it is a skillful perversion of a mass of manuscript written in 1812 by Reverend Solomon Spaulding, an invalid minister, which was called by him "Manuscript Found." At one time he had commenced negotiations for its publication by a Pittsburgh firm, in whose employ was Sidney Rigdon, but it never found its way into print, and eventually the manuscript was lost. It is said that those who had read Spaulding's production recognized in the Book of Mormon all its essential features, and their theory was that Sidney Rigdon, the young printer, had stolen the Spaulding manuscript, and he and Joe Smith and Cowdery had doctored it judiciously and worked it up into a grand salvation scheme, covering its origin with an air of mystery. Certain it is that Rigdon was one of the earliest and able converts, and has done as much to propagate the faith as any follower of Joseph Smith.
The first hegira of the Mormons was from New York to Kirtland, O., where they built a temple and flourished for many years. In 1831 Joe Smith received a revelation to the effect that Missouri was the land of Zion, and thither large numbers of the faithful removed, settling in Jackson county, in which Kansas City is located. Here also they acquired large tracts of land and flourished for two years, but jealousies sprung up between them and the Gentile settlers, which in 1833 culminated in open war, when the Gentiles rose en masse and drove them northward across the Missouri river into Clay county. The causes for this uprising were numerous, but doubtless the principal lay in the fact that the Mormons were coming from the free states, were supposed to be abolitionists. David Whitmer asserts that there is not a single instance on record of slave property having been interfered with by the Mormons, or of a slave having been admitted to the church without the consent of his or her owner. When the Mormons fled from Jackson county they left everything behind them, and found themselves destitute and among strangers. Among the citizens of Liberty, the county seat of Clay county, was a young lawyer named
A. W. DONIPHAN
then almost unknown to fame; but who has since distinguished himself as a soldier and statesman. He, in common with many others, sympathized with the fugitives, and endeavored to provide them with food and shelter. Nevertheless, coming as they did in the midst of winter, into a sparsely-settled county, their sufferings were great. Between the leading citizens of Clay county and the Mormon leaders there was an understanding that the latter should not regard the county as a section of Zion wherein they were to locate permanently, but should hold themselves in readiness to remove when the citizens might deem it best. For three years they remained and conducted themselves as law-abiding citizens. Meanwhile, Jackson county had not forgotten the unpleasantness, and delegations were sent over to urge the people of Clay to imitate Jackson county's example and drive the invaders from their soil. In 1835 young Doniphan was a representative to the general assembly, and succeeded with the advice and consent of the Mormon leaders in having a bill passed setting aside the county of Caldwell as a sort of Mormon reservation. The same year the faithful bade a friendly adieu to Clay county and settled in Caldwell, founding the historic town of Far West which soon became prosperous and populous. At this time Joe Smith was a banker at Kirtland, but in 1837 his bank suspended payment and Joe made good time to Far West where he again assumed the leadership of his flock. In their hegira to Caldwell county the saints were not accurate as to county boundaries, evidently thinking that the whole state was theirs by right and would be by title at no far distant day, and many of them located in Daviess county, adjoining Caldwell on the north. This was, as subsequent events proved,
A FATAL ERROR
and was the cause of their final expulsion from the state. In 1838 there was an exciting political contest, and as the Mormon vote was cast solid it virtually decided the election. There were individual rows and fights at the polls which were the signals for a general outbreak and open war. The Mormons entrenched themselves at Far West, and boldly defied the civil authorities. As a last resort, Gov. Boggs ordered out the militia of that district, commanded by Maj. Gen. D. R. Atchison, whose instructions were either to drive the Mormons from the state of exterminate them. Gen. Atchison collected several companies and marched toward the seat of war, being joined en route by Brig. Gen. A. W. Doniphan, who had also collected several companies. Before the column reached Far West, Gov. Boggs, suspecting that Gen. Atchison had been on too friendly terms with the Morons to vigorously carry out his instructions, ordered him to transfer his command to Gen. Doniphan and retire from the field. Gen. Doniphan, at the head of a thousand or twelve hundred men, advanced to within a short distance of Far West, and encamped for he night on a small creek rejoicing in the name of [Goose?]. Next morning, accompanied only by a staff officer, he rode toward the Mormon fortifications. A guard halted them and refused to let them pass. Gen. Doniphan informed him that he should pass at all hazards, and warned him against any further attempt to stop him, lest it should precipitate a bloody battle. The amateur soldier, more accustomed to arguments than bullets, was presently convinced, and the general rode directly up to the breastworks. Calling Joe Smith out, he showed him the governor's order, and added: "I am too much a lawyer and too little a soldier to obey that order literally, but I will compel you to lay down your arms and then the governor can deal with you according to law." Smith knew Gen. Doniphan well enough to know that he would do as he promised, and therefore asked permission to consult with his associates, promising to notify him at 3 o'clock that afternoon of their decision. Permission was granted, and at 3 o'clock Gen. Doniphan was on hand to receive the answer, but Joe was not ready, and begged to be given until evening to make up his mind. The general gave him till sundown to consider, and then, with two companies, again rode up to the fortifications, and called for Smith and his confederates to come out. Forming his troops in a hollow square, he invited Smith and his leading advisers within the inclosure, and as soon as they entered
THE GAP WAS CLOSED BEHIND THEM
They vigorously protested, asserting that they had come out under a flag of truce, and were entitled to the immunities accorded by all civilized nations under similar circumstances. Gen. Doniphan told them their protests would be of no avail. He had determined to take them to his camp, keep them overnight as his guests and deliver them safely at their fortifications the next morning. Seeing that the general had deliberately resolved upon his course, they reluctantly concluded to make the best of it and accompany him without further objections. In camp they were treated as guests rather than prisoners, and according to promise, were duly returned in the morning. Gen. Doniphan took this precaution because he did not recognize that the Mormons had any rights as belligerents, "but," said he, "my chief object was to avoid a surprise. My troops were all raw militia, and a night attack, even by a small force, might have thrown them into the wildest confusion. I didn't propose to be made the butt of ridicule by placing myself in a condition to be outwitted and routed by Joe Smith, and knowing that his men would never dare to molest my camp as long as he was in my possession, I resolved upon the course pursued, and I am satisfied to-day that I acted wisely."
During the next day the Mormons
LAID DOWN THEIR ARMS
and Gen. Doniphan reported accordingly to the civil authorities. He did not consider his work done, however, but maintained his camp, guarded the Mormons, and held his force in readiness to assist the authorities in serving processes. Judge King, of Ray county, issued warrants for the arrest of Joe Smith, and a number of his most prominent accomplices on various charges, and they were accordingly arrested and taken to Gallatin, Daviess county, for trial. After a few days five of them obtained a change of venue to the Boone county circuit, and were ordered thence under guard. They were Joseph and Hyrum Smith, Baldwin, Lyman Wight, whom Gen. Doniphan pronounces a military man and honorable, and Amasa Lyman. Knowing that the Caldwell county militia were intensely hostile to the Mormon leaders, and were liable to wreck summary vengeance upon them en route, Gen. Doniphan, as attorney for Smith, caused the guards who were to escort them to Columbia, Boone county, to be selected from the Clay county militia, who were generally well disposed toward them. This done, he called on Joe Smith, at Gallatin, and informed him what precautions he had taken. Contrary to his expectation Joe Smith cursed him for his interference, and asked him for God's sake and his sake to send his Clay county friends home and let the Caldwell guards escort him through. "General," said he, "you may be, and are a good lawyer, but you don;t understand human nature as I do. I have made it a study from boyhood, and it is the secret of my success. I am in for this thing, and by God I am going to get out of it
WITHOUT DISGRACE, DEAD OR ALIVE!
I would sooner die in my tracks than that the world should have it to say that Joe Smith, the prophet, the founder of the Church of Christ, was ignominiously convicted of crime and rotted in a common jail. Now your Clay county militia are generally honest, well-to-do citizens, who would spurn a bribe, and would, kindly, as they thought, guard me safely to Columbia and deliver me to the authorities. On the other hand, the Caldwell county militia is mostly composed of ignorant and poor men who have never had a hundred dollars in their lives. With such men money is all-powerful. I have money, and by God I intend to use it."
Finding that Smith was determined, and recognizing the force of his reasoning, Gen. Doniphan determined to let him manage his own case, especially as he was not relying upon the sinuosities of the law for success. The result was that Smith and his four companions soon afterward set out for Columbia in charge of Sheriff Morgan, of Gallatin, and four guards, three of whom, the sequel shows, were exactly the class Joe Smith had declared to Gen. Doniphan he desired to have as an escort. The fourth man was Wilson McKinney. He was not of the original draft, but having relatives in Columbia and business there which demanded his immediate presence, he solicited and obtained reluctant permission to make one of the party. McKinney was an honest man, of good family, and therefore the exact [man] that Smith wished to have nothing to do with. However, he managed to ignore McKinney altogether in his financial arrangements, and to accomplish his escape without his knowledge or consent. And, according to McKinney, for whose reliability Gen. Doniphan and many leading citizens of Richmond vouch, this is the way the [wily] prophet did it: They had marched quietly along two or three days, and neared the Mississippi. At night they went into camp as usual, the guards were divided into watches, and in due time all slept save those who were on duty. McKinney was to have been called to stand his watch at 2 or 3 o'clock in the morning. Being exhausted by long marches and nightly guard duty, he slept soundly, and awoke to see the brilliant rays of the sun streaming down into his face from an elevation above the horizon that could not have been attained in less than two hours. Springing up and glancing hastily around, he found the sheriff and his brother guards quietly disposing of their breakfast and chatting pleasantly on minor topics. The prisoners were
NOWHERE TO BE SEEN
He asked where they were, and was coolly informed that they had escaped during the night. The truth for the first time flashed upon him, and he prudently concluded to say no more about the matter until he was out of the clutches of his mercenary companions. Meanwhile the escaped prisoners proceeded to the Mississippi, crossed into Illinois, whither they were soon followed by large numbers of disheartened fugitives who had practically lost faith in the revelation to Joe Smith, that declared Missouri to be the land of Zion, and began the brilliant era in this state which was marked by the founding and rapid rise of the templed city of Nauvoo, and culminated in the shooting of Joe Smith at Carthage, and the subsequent sacking of the city and expulsion of the saints. These events are of so recent date , and transpired in such immediate proximity that it is not worth while to allude to them further or trace the pilgrims in their wearisome march from the Mississippi to the fastness of the Rocky mountains, where THE GREAT CITY OF SALT LAKE
arose as if called from the sands of the desert by a stroke of the enchanter's wand, and for many years enjoyed such unbounded prosperity that it would seem to have been the especial pet of Providence. History holds these events, The Times has published the records as they were made, and The Times, unlike history, does not repeat itself.
It is interesting to know just how much Joe Smith
HAD TO PAY SHERIFF MORGAN
and his three confederates to effect the escape of himself and his four companions. The Times is informed by seemingly good authority, that the exact amount was $1,100, and its information was derived from Gen. Doniphan. Several months after Joe and his friends had placed the Mississippi between them and their Missouri persecutors, Gen. Doniphan was in Gallatin on legal business. There was also in the same town a sharp, energetic, and reliable man named Ripley, a Mormon, to whom had been delegated by the bishops of the church full power to dispose of all property belonging to the Mormons which they had left behind them in their flight. In other words, he was their financial agent, with almost unlimited power to act. One day Gen. Doniphan met Ripley on the street, and knowing him quite well, invited him to accompany him to his room at the hotel. The invitation was accepted, and after some familiar conversation on various topics the general told him he had always had a curiosity to know how much it had cost Joe Smith to buy himself and friends out of limbo. Ripley replied that the exact sum was $1,100; that on the eve of Joe's departure from Gallatin, and at Joe's solicitation, he had given him $900 in money and permission to draw on him for more in case of emergency; that Joe bargained with the sheriff and guards for $1,1000, paid $700 down, reserving $200 for traveling expenses in their flight to Illinois, and gave Morgan an order on him (Ripley) for the remaining $400, which was duly [presented by Morgan [---- ---- --] [taken up] [--- ---- ----- -----] indorsed upon it, [when] Gen. Doniphan [----- ------ ----ed] some incredulity, [stating] that he could hardly [believe] that the sheriff would boldly [------ ---- ----] such [unquestionable evidence of his] guilt as his indorsement of the order would be, Ripley remarked that he had the document still in his possession and would dispel all doubt by submitting it to the general's inspection. Accordingly that evening he called again, and brought the original order, with Morgan's indorsement just as he had stated. The order was written in pencil, but Gen. Doniphan had for years been familiar with Joe's writing, and at once recognized it as genuine, as well as the sheriff's indorsement. History has stated that Smith and his party were, by order of the authorities, carelessly guarded, so that they might escape and flee from the state if they were so inclined, as the authorities had concluded that they had an elephant on their hands. The statement of Gen. Doniphan utterly disproves this theory. Joe Smith cheated the authorities by bribing his guards with Mormon gold, just as he had stated that he would from the beginning. The success of his prediction shows, if other evidence were lacking, that he was a shrewd and daring adventurer, quick to plan and bold to execute, lacking but education to have made him, from a temporal stand-point, the peer of the foremost man of his time. He was of the stuff of which heroes are made.
[Correspondent, Chicago Times, Chicago, Illinois, Saturday, August 7, 1875.]
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Littleton, Massachusetts
Town in Massachusetts, United States
Location in Middlesex County in Massachusetts
Open town meeting
• Interim Town Administrator
Anthony Ansaldi
• Board of
Chairman: Joseph Knox,
Vice Chair: Cynthia L. Napoli,
Clerk: Chase A. Gerbig,
Chuck DeCoste
Paul Glavey
• Police Chief
Mathew Pinard
• Fire Chief
Scott Wodzinski
17.6 sq mi (45.5 km2)
UTC-5 (Eastern)
www.littletonma.org
Littleton (historically Nipmuc: Nashoba) is a town in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 8,924 at the 2010 census.
For geographic and demographic information on the neighborhood of Littleton Common, please see the article Littleton Common, Massachusetts.
2 Residential development in the postwar years
6.1 Littleton public schools
6.2 Other public schools
6.3 Local private or parochial schools
9 Notable people
10 Historical, civic and cultural organizations
11 Park and recreation links
Littleton was first settled by Anglo-European settlers in 1686 and was officially incorporated by act of the Massachusetts General Court on November 2, 1715. It was part of the Puritan and later Congregational culture and religion of New England.
The town was the site of the sixth Praying Indian village established by John ; it was called Nashoba Plantation, on the land between Lake Nagog and Fort Pond. The term "Praying Indian" referred to Native Americans who had been converted to Christianity. Daniel Gookin, in his Historical Collections of the Indians in New England, (1674) chapter vii. says:
Nashobah is the sixth praying Indian town. This village is situated, in a manner, in the centre, between Chelmsford, Lancaster, Groton and Concord. It lieth from Boston about twenty-five miles west north west. The inhabitants are about ten families, and consequently about fifty souls.[1]
At the time of King Philip's War between the English and Native Americans, the General Court ordered the Indians at Nashoba to be interned in Concord. A short while later, some Concord residents who were hostile to the Nashoba solicited some militia to remove them to Deer Island. Around this time, fourteen armed men of Chelmsford went to the outlying camp at Wameset (near Forge Pond) and opened fire on the unsuspecting Nashoba, wounding five women and children, and killing outright a boy twelve years old, the only son of John Tahattawan. For much of the war, the English colonists rounded up the Praying Indians and sent them to Deer Island. When increasing numbers of Massachusetts Bay officers began successfully using Praying Indians as scouts in the war, the sentiment of the white settlers turned. In May, 1676, the Massachusetts General Court ordered that Praying Indians be removed from Deer Island.[2] Still, many died of starvation and disease. Upon their release, most survivors moved to Natick and sold their land to white settlers.[3]
In his book, An Historical Sketch Town of Littleton (1890), Herbert Joseph Harwood wrote:
It is said that the name Littleton was given as a compliment to Hon. George Lyttleton, M.P., one of the commissioners of the treasury [one time Chancellor of the Exchequer], and that in acknowledgment he sent from England a church-bell as a present to the town but on account of the error in spelling by substituting "i " for "y," the present was withheld by the person having it in charge, who gave the excuse that no such town as Lyttleton could be found, and sold the bell."[4]
The minutemen and militia of Littleton marched and fought at Concord and the Battle Road on April 19, 1775. The militia company and the minutemen squads mustered at Liberty Square located on the southwest side of town on the Boxborough line (then part of Littleton). They marched from there through what is now Boxborough Depot and over Littleton Rd/Boxborough Rd to Newtown Road (Littleton), up over Fort Pond Hill (stopping briefly at the Choate Farm) and along Newtown Rd (Acton) to Acton Center. From there they marched the Isaac Davis Trail to Old North Bridge. Some writing suggests that the minutemen sped ahead to join the other minutemen at the bridge.
According to local lore, the town had a contingent of Loyalists who remained after the revolution and thwarted attempts to rename King Street as Main, Washington, or Adams streets. This has been the source of ribbing from neighboring towns, who call Littleton a Tory town.
Author John Hanson Mitchell wrote a book titled Ceremonial Time (1984), which details a history of fifteen thousand years over one square mile located within the town.
First Baptist Church of Littleton
History of the First Baptist Church
The arrival of Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC, now part of Hewlett-Packard) in the 1970s connected the town to other businesses in the Boston-area high-tech corridor. Digital built a very large facility on King Street near the Common, as well as offices on Porter Road and Foster Street. In 2007, IBM purchased the King Street facility from Hewlett-Packard and announced this would become its main New England location.
Due to the Yankee character of the town, it was notably dry during Prohibition. The Rowse family, which then owned New England Apple Products (later Veryfine), were known for their integrity and honesty, expressed by their refusal to do business with bootleggers in a state where Prohibition was overwhelmingly unpopular. Although Prohibition was repealed in 1930, Littleton did not permit the sale of alcohol again until 1960, and then in just two locations, the Johnson's store at the Depot and the Nashoba Package store at Donelan's shopping center. Only in the late 1980s, with the building of DEC's King Street facility, was a bar allowed to open in town (this later became Ken's American Cafe, which closed in December 2008. It was followed by what is now the Chip Shot on Ayer Road). For years residents could go to establishments just over the town line that served alcohol, in the surrounding Acton, Westford, Groton, Ayer, and Boxborough.
Littleton has remained a predominantly Yankee town, with the bulk of the population belonging to the Congregational Church of Littleton, The First Baptist Church, and First Church Unitarian churches. In the post-World War II era, Roman Catholic immigrants from Ireland, Quebec, Canada, and Italy moved into Middlesex County and Littleton. The Roman Catholic parish of St. Anne's was established in 1947. The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints established a chapel in 1979. In 1956, the Church of Christ was built on Harwood Avenue. It disbanded in 1985 due to the closing of Ft. Devens and a resultant dwindling membership.
Many of the early families are represented by descendants in the town to the present day: Blanchard, Bulkeley, Crane, Hartwell, Hathaway, Kimball, and Whitcomb. The neighborhoods around Mill Pond (also known as Lake Warren): Long Lake, Forge Village, and Spectacle Pond, include numerous summer cottages or "camps" that have been converted into year-round residences. Many ethnic Irish, Italian, Québécois, and Finnish families moved here in the 1950s and 1960s in a kind of suburbanization after leaving their more dense, first and second-generation neighborhoods in Arlington, East Boston, Cambridge, Lowell, and Somerville.
Due to its location between Fort Devens and Hanscom AFB, Littleton has been a popular location for military retirees from the 1960s to the present day.
Residential development in the postwar years[edit]
Residential development occurred in the postwar years in several spurts. In the late 1940s to 1950, cottages around Long Lake off Goldsmith, on the Littleton side of Forge Pond (called Lake Mattawanakee), along Spectacle Pond, and beside Mill Pond off Harwood Ave were either winterized or torn down and replaced by bungalows and Capes.
At the same time, new construction went up along New Estate Road, Whitcomb Ave, and Tahattawan Road. From 1955 through 1965, Snow Village (off Great Road about a quarter mile before Power Road—formerly Snake Hill Road), Edsel Road (Kimball land behind the current Post Office running up the hill on the right of Goldmith Street), and lower Hartwell Ave (in the subdivision abutted by the cemetery, King St, and Hartwell Ave) were built with ranch houses and larger Capes.
In the late 60s and early 1970s, stretches along Harvard Road, Taylor Street, Liberty Square, Foster Street, Mill Road, and Grist Mill Road saw some of the first split-levels and five-bedroom Colonials go up.
In the late 1970s and early 1980s, the farms between Hartwell Ave and Great Road were developed along with upper Hartwell Ave. In this period, the livery stable at the corner of Coughlin Road and Newtown Road sold off more than half of its land to developers.
In the late 1980s and early 1990s, the horse farms along Russell Street off Great Road closed and were developed as well as some of the horse farms off Harwood by the quarantine station. The start of the 21st century has seen further building of quite large Colonials along Great Road, on Fort Pond Hill, and along Beaver Brook Road.
IBM moved their New England corporate center to Littleton in mid 2008.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 17.5 square miles (45 km2). 16.6 square miles (43 km2) of it is land and 0.9 square miles (2.3 km2) of it (5.30%) is water.
Littleton borders the following towns: Groton, Westford, Acton, Boxborough, Harvard, and Ayer.
See also: List of Massachusetts locations by per capita income
Historical population
1,063 +7.7%
986 −7.2%
994 +0.8%
1,179 +15.0%
5,109 +117.5%
* = population estimate.
Source: United States Census records and Population Estimates Program data.[5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]
At the 2000 census,[15] there were 8,184 people, 2,960 households and 2,217 families residing in the town. The population density was 492.5 inhabitants per square mile (190.2/km2). There were 3,055 housing units at an average density of 183.8 per square mile (71.0/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 96.49% White, 0.34% African American, 0.07% Native American, 1.71% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 0.33% from other races, and 1.03% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.97% of the population.
There were 2,960 households of which 37.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 64.6% were married couples living together, 7.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 25.1% were non-families. 19.6% of all households were made up of individuals and 8.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.72 and the average family size was 3.16.
27.1% of the population were under the age of 18, 4.4% from 18 to 24, 33.0% from 25 to 44, 23.7% from 45 to 64, and 11.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.9 males.
The median household income was $71,384 and the median family income was $83,365. Males had a median income of $54,097 compared with $43,966 for females. The per capita income was $31,070. About 2.4% of families and 3.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 1.9% of those under age 18 and 5.2% of those age 65 or over.
Reuben Hoar public library, Littleton, 1891
Library[edit]
The public Reuben Hoar Library first opened in 1887.[16][17] In fiscal year 2008, the town of Littleton spent 1.5% ($432,744) of its budget on its public library—some $49 per person.[18]
Littleton public schools[edit]
Littleton High School
Littleton Middle School—new building 2006
Russell Street Elementary
Shaker Lane Elementary
Other public schools[edit]
Nashoba Valley Technical High School—public regional vocational technical high school located in Westford
Francis W. Parker Charter Essential School—a public charter school in Devens, Massachusetts that serves students in grades 7 to 12.
Local private or parochial schools[edit]
Applewild School, established in 1957, - a private, independent co-educational day school for grades Preschool - 8th grade located in Fitchburg, MA.
Oak Meadow School — a private, independent Montessori school serving Pre-K (18 months through 8th grade) is the only private school located within Littleton.
Concord Academy — a private, co-educational, independent, college preparatory school for grades 9–12, located in Concord, MA.
The Fenn School — an all-boys private school in Concord, MA serving grades 4–9.
Country Day School of the Holy Union - coeducational Roman Catholic elementary school, Pre-K through 8th grade, in Groton, MA run by the Sisters of the Holy Union.
Groton School — a private, Episcopal, college preparatory boarding school for grades 9–12 located in Groton, Massachusetts.
Lawrence Academy at Groton — a private, co-educational preparatory school for grades 9–12 located in Groton, Massachusetts.
Middlesex School — a private, independent preparatory school for grades 9–12 located in Concord, Massachusetts.
Nashoba Brooks School — an independent co-educational school for Pre-K (age 3) through 3rd grade and all-female grade 4th through 8th grade.
Academy of Notre Dame — co-educational Roman Catholic elementary school, K1 through 8th grade, in Tyngsborough, Massachusetts, and an all-girls Roman Catholic preparatory school for grades 9–12 run by the Sisters of Notre Dame de Namur
Media[edit]
The local newspaper is called the Littleton Independent.
Littleton Community Television (LCTV) has a new and improved studio at 37 Shattuck Street behind the town offices at the Littleton Town Hall.
Commuter rail service from Boston's North Station is provided by the MBTA with a stop in Littleton on its Fitchburg Line.[19] The LRTA 15 bus line ends in the IBM parking lot. Other transportation services in Littleton are provided by the regional transit authority MART.
Freight travels daily through Littleton over the tracks of the historic Stony Brook Railroad. The line currently serves as a major corridor of Pan Am Railway's District 3 which connects New Hampshire and Maine with western Massachusetts, Vermont, and New York.[20]
Littleton has I-495, Route 2, Route 2A, Route 110, and Route 119.
Shawn Andrews, actor
Ron Borges, sports writer for the Boston Herald
Steve Carell, worked as a mail carrier in the town before going to The Second City
Jeanne Munn Bracken, author and journalist
Raymond E Bradley, (sports journalist) Authored "Life Outdoors" for the Littleton "Budget Wise" from 1959 until 1962. Moved to Nashua NH in 1967.
Levi L. Conant, mathematician and developer of the Number Concept in 1896
Ed Fletcher, politician who served as California State Senator until 1947
Alonzo Hartwell, engraver and portrait painter; father of Henry W. Hartwell
Henry W. Hartwell, architect with Hartwell and Richardson
Margaret Harwood, astronomer
Greg Hawkes, keyboard player for the 1970s-1980s New Wave group, The Cars, lived in Littleton during the band's early years before moving to Lincoln.
Erik P. Kraft, author and illustrator
Sean McAdam, sports writer for ESPN and The Providence Journal "Boston Sports Journal"
Theodore Roosevelt McElroy, was an American telegraph operator and a radio telegrapher. He holds the all-time speed record of receiving Morse code.
Jonathan Prescott (military officer)
Harrison Reed, governor of Florida until 1899
Peleg Sprague, New Hampshire politician who served as a US Senator until 1835 and a US District Court Judge until 1865
Historical, civic and cultural organizations[edit]
BPOE (Elks), Chelmsford and Maynard
Indian Hill Music
Knights of Columbus, Bishop Ruocco Council 9275
Littleton Conservation Trust
Littleton Country Gardeners
Littleton Historical Society
Littleton Lyceum
Littleton Rotary Club
Loaves and Fishes Food Pantry, Devens
Ancient Free and Accepted Masons, Tahattawan Lodge
Veterans of Foreign Wars (VFW), Post 6556
Park and recreation links[edit]
Littleton Park and Recreation
Littleton Soccer
Littleton Baseball
High school band on Memorial Day 1977
1962 view of Newtown Hill from Fort Pond Hill
Littleton Station 1981
1972 view of Depot
^ Historical Collections of the Indians in New England, Daniel Gookin, 1674
^ Mayflower, A Story of Courage, Community and War, Nathaniel Philbrick, 2006
^ An Historical Sketch Town of Littleton, by Herbert Joseph Harwood, 1890
^ "Total Population (P1), 2010 Census Summary File 1". American FactFinder, All County Subdivisions within Massachusetts. United States Census Bureau. 2010.
^ "Massachusetts by Place and County Subdivision - GCT-T1. Population Estimates". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved July 12, 2011.
^ "1990 Census of Population, General Population Characteristics: Massachusetts" (PDF). US Census Bureau. December 1990. Table 76: General Characteristics of Persons, Households, and Families: 1990. 1990 CP-1-23. Retrieved July 12, 2011.
^ "1980 Census of the Population, Number of Inhabitants: Massachusetts" (PDF). US Census Bureau. December 1981. Table 4. Populations of County Subdivisions: 1960 to 1980. PC80-1-A23. Retrieved July 12, 2011.
^ "1950 Census of Population" (PDF). Bureau of the Census. 1952. Section 6, Pages 21-10 and 21-11, Massachusetts Table 6. Population of Counties by Minor Civil Divisions: 1930 to 1950. Retrieved July 12, 2011.
^ "1920 Census of Population" (PDF). Bureau of the Census. Number of Inhabitants, by Counties and Minor Civil Divisions. Pages 21-5 through 21-7. Massachusetts Table 2. Population of Counties by Minor Civil Divisions: 1920, 1910, and 1920. Retrieved July 12, 2011.
^ "1890 Census of the Population" (PDF). Department of the Interior, Census Office. Pages 179 through 182. Massachusetts Table 5. Population of States and Territories by Minor Civil Divisions: 1880 and 1890. Retrieved July 12, 2011.
^ "1870 Census of the Population" (PDF). Department of the Interior, Census Office. 1872. Pages 217 through 220. Table IX. Population of Minor Civil Divisions, &c. Massachusetts. Retrieved July 12, 2011.
^ "1860 Census" (PDF). Department of the Interior, Census Office. 1864. Pages 220 through 226. State of Massachusetts Table No. 3. Populations of Cities, Towns, &c. Retrieved July 12, 2011.
^ "1850 Census" (PDF). Department of the Interior, Census Office. 1854. Pages 338 through 393. Populations of Cities, Towns, &c. Retrieved July 12, 2011.
^ "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
^ C.B. Tillinghast. The free public libraries of Massachusetts. 1st Report of the Free Public Library Commission of Massachusetts. Boston: Wright & Potter, 1891. Google books
^ http://www.littletonma.org/content/53/115/1046/1065/1133/default.aspx Retrieved 2010-11-08
^ July 1, 2007 through June 30, 2008; cf. The FY2008 Municipal Pie: What’s Your Share? Commonwealth of Massachusetts, Board of Library Commissioners. Boston: 2009. Available: Municipal Pie Reports Archived 2012-01-23 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 2010-08-04
^ MBTA website.mbta.com. Accessed August 31, 2007.
^ Pan Am Railways route map.panamrailways.com. Accessed January 7, 2008.
1871 Atlas of Massachusetts. by Wall & Gray.Map of Massachusetts. Map of Middlesex County.
History of Middlesex County, Massachusetts, Volume 1 (A-H), Volume 2 (L-W) compiled by Samuel Adams Drake, published 1879 and 1880. 572 and 505 pages. Littleton section by Herbert Joseph Harwood in volume 2 pages 44–52.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Littleton, Massachusetts.
Town of Littleton official website
Littleton Independent
Littleton public schools
Reuben Hoar Library
The Enduring Orchard, early Littleton Indian history
Municipalities and communities of Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States
County seats: Cambridge and Lowell
Boxborough
North Reading
Tyngsborough
Ayer (CDP)
Cochituate (CDP)
Devens
East Pepperell
Groton (CDP)
Hopkinton (CDP)
Hudson (CDP)
Littleton Common
Pepperell (CDP)
Shirley (CDP)
Townsend (CDP)
West Concord
East Lexington
Felchville
Forge Village
Gleasondale
Melrose Highlands
Nabnasset
Newton Centre
Newton Highlands
Newton Lower Falls
Newton Upper Falls
Nonantum
North Billerica
Pingryville
Saxonville
Waban
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Littleton,_Massachusetts&oldid=901688055"
Towns in Middlesex County, Massachusetts
Towns in Massachusetts
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Yoshiko Sakurai - Official web site - https://yoshiko-sakurai.jp/
2019.06.27 (Thu)
UNEXPECTED MASS DEMONSTRATIONS FORCE XI JIN-PING INTO CORNER
The recent massive demonstrations in Hong Kong against proposed amendments to an extradition bill may well be defined as a gross miscalculation on Xi Jinping’s part. But he effectively asked for it, along with his other headaches.
As the outcry against the revision has continued unabated in Hong Kong, the international community has intensified its criticism in unison of the Hong Kong government and the Xi administration that wields the real power in the former British colony, which was handed over to Beijing in 1997.
On Sunday (June 9), more than 1 million demonstrators poured into Hong Kong’s streets, and their number doubled to approximately 2 million a week later, on June 16, according to the organizers. This meant that 29% of the island’s 7 million citizens joined hands to express their opposition to a government that they see is steadily becoming one with mainland China. The US and European media outlets continued their live coverage of the demonstrations, sounding the alarm that the human rights and freedom of the citizens of Hong Kong are in great danger.
There is a good possibility that demonstrations will become even larger as July 1 nears—the national day marking Hong Kong’s return to the mainland. Xi is slated to fly to Japan prior to this date to attend the G20 Osaka Summit, where he likely will encounter a barrage of criticism from the international community.
Observing a series of developments involving the bill that have proved damaging to Xi, Akio Yaita, deputy foreign editor of the conservative Sankei Shimbun and an expert on China, likened the Chinese leader’s situation somewhat similar to “getting involved in a car accident that directly is none of his fault.” He explained:
“Last year, a Hong Kong man murdered a woman in Taiwan and fled to Hong Kong. The authorities in Taiwan demanded that he be extradited. But Hong Kong failed to comply on the grounds that it has not signed an extradition treaty with Taiwan, or China for that matter, although formal extradition treaties have been signed with nations like the US and Great Britain. Carrie Lam, Hong Kong’s chief executive, made up her mind to seek a revision of the existing treaty. Presumably, she didn’t act under direct instructions from Xi or the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) at the time.”
There is an intriguing sequel to this murder case. In May this year, the authorities in Taiwan demanding the extradition of the murder suspect had a sudden change of policy, informing Hong Kong that they would retract their request. Two reasons for this policy change were given: 1) the authorities were concerned about a possible revision of the extradition treaty by Hong Kong’s legislature, creating a chance of it being misused by the CCP; and 2) they took into consideration the Hong Kong people’s fierce opposition to the revision.
Freedom in Hong Kong Deprived in Rapid Succession
Meanwhile, Lam was determined to not let her chance slip away. In point of fact, she visited Beijing last November for lengthy consultations with Xi, who reportedly demanded that Hong Kong implement a more rigid “development of laws.”
The planned revision of the extradition act that Lam held firm on would have included “China, Macao, and Taiwan” as new signatories. The people of Hong Kong feared that Beijing would without fail take advantage of the revision as a tool to intensify its oppression of anti-Chinese elements.
Under the proposed revision, not only Hong Kong citizens but foreigners residing in the semi-autonomous city, as well as foreign businessmen and tourists visiting the city, would be subject to extradition. This was shocking to the tycoons of Hong Kong’s international business community, who have supported its economy.
Sparked by the murder case in Taiwan, the Hong Kong government advanced preparations for the projected revision despite mounting criticism from all circles, including the international community. But its actions unexpectedly prompted 2 million citizens in a single day to storm the streets in protest. As journalist Yaita pointed out, Xi in some respect may be described as having been involved in a “car accident without really being in the driver’s seat.”
But the suppression of anti-Chinese elements on the part of the Beijing government has been ruthless over the years, with the CCP being totally neglectful of international law and universal values. I can only state that the Chinese leadership now must reap what they have sowed, as China is to blame for the negative chain reaction its authoritarian behavior has created.
Hong Kong was supposed to be guaranteed high autonomy under a “one state, two systems” scheme following its return from Great Britain to China in 1997, but has in fact had its freedom continuously deprived. In 2014, the people of Hong Kong appealed for democratic elections in a series of street sit-ins popularly called the “Umbrella Revolution,” but their demands were mercilessly rejected. Today more than half of the 70 members of Hong Kong’s legislative council have effectively been nominated by the CCP. They keep an eye on Hong Kong not as representatives of its citizens but of the CCP, constituting a powerful group out to make Hong Kong as much like China as possible.
They never take kindly to criticism of the CPP in any sense of the word. The year after the “Umbrella Revolution,” several booksellers dealing with books critical of the CPP, including the manager of a well-known Causeway Bay bookstore, disappeared. It was later revealed that they were detained in China, unable to contact their families in Hong Kong.
Even after being released, they are unable to enjoy the same freedoms of speech and publishing they had before. There is no knowing when they may be detained without anyone knowing, abducted to the mainland, and subject in the worst case to torture or extinction. In point of fact, a former top employee of the Causeway Bay bookstore defected to Taiwan on April 26, getting wind of the move by the legislative council towards revising the extradition act.
In light of these developments, the people of Hong Kong are acutely wary about the CCP enhancing its control over them. It is only natural that the international community is sympathetic to Hong Kong’s plight. Many countries, with Hong Kong’s former suzerain Great Britain in the vanguard, have expressed strong support of the demonstrations. The US has reacted especially sternly.
Eight American senators, including Marco Rubio, together with two members of the House, have threatened to introduce a bill to strip Hong Kong of its status as a special trading partner.
“Clash of Civilizations” between US and China
At present, the US imposes lower tariffs on Hong Kong products than those on goods from mainland China. Tariffs on Chinese-made products re-processed in Hong Kong are held at the same level as Hong Kong goods processed there and labeled as “Hong Kong made.” The 25% tariffs currently levied on virtually all Chinese imports apply to China-made products that merely pass through Hong Kong en route to the US.
If enacted, the bill proposed by Rubio and other US lawmakers would deal a heavy blow to Hong Kong, spurring international corporations to desert Hong Kong and contributing to a significant decline in foreign investments. China would be hard hit, but it would be a matter of life and death for Hong Kong’s pro-Beijing legislators, a majority in the legislative council. Hong Kong has thrived on free trade, and many of its pro-Beijing legislators are leaders of its business community.
There is nothing for Xi to do under the present circumstances but “play possum,” according to Yaita, who observed:
“There was a move within the Chinese leadership last year to get rid of Xi. However, the leaders thought twice, realizing that America’s posture toward China would not change, even if Premier Li Keqiang replaced Xi. They concluded that ousting Xi at that juncture would be meaningless if the framework of the US-China confrontation remained unchanged. Ironically, this awareness has brought about a stalemate on both the domestic and foreign policy fronts that has contribute to the stability of the Xi regime.
In other words, the fierce power struggle within the CCP leadership has temporarily been stalled before America’s solid resolution to confront China. The ongoing conflict between the world’s two largest superpowers is now likened to a “clash of civilizations.” The US demands that China become a fair nation that honors international norms and rules. The US naturally expects China to not steal intellectual property, intelligence, or sensitive technology; it also expects it not to suppress minorities and respect their basic human rights. However, the truth of the matter is that the CCP is bound to collapse if it accepts these demands.
Against the backdrop of the fierce confrontation between the US and China, Japan must more clearly define the values on which it stands. The least the administration of Prime Minister Shinzo Abe, who advocates “value diplomacy,” should do now is express manifest support for the demonstrations the people of Hong Kong are staging. Further, Japan must clearly speak up to China, expressing its resolute opposition to Beijing’s suppression of the Muslim Uyghurs in China, its blatant behavior in the East and South China Seas, and the pressure Beijing is applying to Taiwan. As a leading democracy in East Asia, these are actions that we must take. (The End)
(Translated from “Renaissance Japan” column no. 857 in the June 27, 2019 issue of The Weekly Shincho)
LINGERING UNCERTAINTY ABOUT TRUMP’S SUMMITS WITH XI AND KIM
OPPOSITION PARTIES BACKING COMMON CANDIDATE IN NIIGATA IS A SHAM
SHOCKING FACTS ABOUT JAPAN’S INADEQUATE PENSION SYSTEM
THE TRUTH BEHIND CHINA’S THREAT AGAINST AMERICA
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Edison looks to sell part of Egypt's Abu Qir Field
Posted: January 15, 2016 at 9:12 pm / by Energy Egypt / comments (0)
tags: Abu Qir field, Edison, Egypt
Edison, Italy’s No. 2 energy company owned by France’s EDF, is trying to sell part of its Abu Qir field in Egypt and has opened the books to prospective buyers including Kuwait’s KUFPEC, people familiar with the matter said.
Edison, which paid around $1.4 billion for the field in 2009, owns all exploration and production rights at Abu Qir but manages it in a joint venture with Egypt’s EGPC.
“The data room is open and KUFPEC is one of at least four companies that have had a look,” one source said.
A second source also reported the Kuwaiti company’s interest along with others but said the fall in oil prices was slowing the process.
In comments sent to Reuters, Edison said it might reduce its stake in Abu Qir while remaining operator of the concession.
“Within its portfolio management activity, Edison is considering reducing its stake in Abu Qir, but keeping the majority and remaining in Egypt as long-term operator,” a spokeswoman said.
Abu Qir Field (Source: Edison Website)
Kuwait Foreign Petroleum Exploration Company (KUFPEC), owned by Kuwait Petroleum Corporation, was not available for comment.
Last year, Edison’s then CEO Bruno Lescoeur said Egypt was a key market for the international activities of the company which had invested $2 billion in upgrading business there.
But EDF is selling billions of euros of assets to bolster its balance sheet and fund nuclear and renewable energy operations, and analysts believe upstream oil and gas operations could be sold.
Abu Qir currently produces around 45,000 barrels of oil equivalent per day. Its gas production has doubled from 140 to 270 million cubic feet per day.
(Source: Reuters)
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HomePosts tagged 'Napoleon’s victories'
Napoleon’s victories
Movies, Music And Murder In Today’s Quiz.
May 18, 2015 May 18, 2015 fasab Questions, Tests A Lotus Grows in the Mud, American author, assassinated, Berkshire, books, Bray Studios, chicken dish, circumnavigation of the globe, clothing, constant temperature, continent, country, creature, discovered, education, England, English galleon, English novelist, Entertainment, Eton John, famous brand, Far East, flower bulbs, form of currency, Fray Bentos, general knowledge, Geography, history, horror films, inversely proportional to its pressure, John Faulkner, John Meade Falkner, John Wilkes Booth, Kareem Abdul-Jabbar, largest flat fish species, law, literature, Mediterranean, mega-hit, most abundant substance found in the plant kingdom, movies, music, Napoleon’s victories, novels, numbers on a dartboard, oscar-winning actress, Pacific sea wasp, People, places, politics, port, primary colors, Princess Diana's funeral, published, questions, quiz, quizzes, Sahara Desert, science, Scottish inventor, Sir Francis Drake, song, sport, sung live, test, tests, The Lion City, The Nebuly Coat, theatre, volume of a given mass of gas, warm, Washington DC, well known city, wind, Windsor, world's most ancient forest
Yes, movies, music and murder all appear in today’s quiz.
Lots of other subjects too.
And as usual, if you get stuck, you can find the answers waaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaay down below, but please NO cheating!
Enjoy and good luck.
Q. 1: Who was assassinated at the theater by John Wilkes Booth?
Q. 2: What is the most abundant substance found in the plant kingdom?
Q. 3: What well known city in the Far East is known as ‘The Lion City’ ?
Q. 4: Who discovered the law that the volume of a given mass of gas at a constant temperature is inversely proportional to its pressure?
Q. 5: What type of creature is a Pacific sea wasp?
Q. 6: Which of Napoleon’s victories had a chicken dish named after it?
Q. 7: In which country is the port of Fray Bentos?
Q. 8: What was the name of the English galleon best known for her circumnavigation of the globe between 1577 and 1580, captained by Sir Francis Drake?
Q. 9: English novelist John Meade Falkner, not to be confused with the famous American author John Faulkner, published three novels. ‘The Nebuly Coat’ was one of them, you get a point for each of the other two you can name correctly and two bonus points if you get both of them correct.
Q. 10: What are the only two numbers on a dartboard to lie between two odd ones?
Q. 11: What wind is a warm southerly coming from the Sahara Desert over the Mediterranean?
Q. 12: What is the largest flat fish species?
Q. 13: Which Washington D.C. born oscar-winning actress wrote ‘A Lotus Grows in the Mud’ ?
Q. 14: Kareem Abdul-Jabbar played 20 seasons in which sport?
Q. 15: What item of clothing was named after its Scottish inventor?
Q. 16: On which continent would you find the world’s most ancient forest?
Q. 17: Bray Studios, near Windsor in Berkshire, England was home to which famous brand of horror films?
Q. 18: Which kind of flower bulbs were once exchanged as a form of currency?
Q. 19: Name the three primary colors.
Q. 20: What was the name of the song performed by Eton John, a revised version of which became a mega-hit after being sung live by Elton at Princess Diana’s funeral? A bonus point if you can also correctly name the sub-title given to the latter version.
A. 1: Abraham Lincoln.
A. 2: Cellulose.
A. 3: Singapore.
A. 4: Robert Boyle.
A. 5: It is a Jellyfish.
A. 6: Marengo.
A. 7: In the South American country Uruguay.
A. 8: It was the Golden Hind or Golden Hinde.
A. 9: They are ‘The Lost Stradivarius’ and ‘Moonfleet’.
A. 10: 3 and 19 (there is a run of four odd numbers around the bottom – 17,3,19,7, nowhere else is there a run of more than 2 consecutive odd or even numbers).
A. 11: Sirocco.
A. 12: Halibut.
A. 13: Goldie Hawn.
A. 14: Basketball.
A. 15: A mackintosh.
A. 16: In Australia specifically Daintree Forest, north of Cairns.
A. 17: Hammer Horror.
A. 18: Tulips.
A. 19: Red, yellow and blue.
A. 20: It was ‘Candle in the wind’. For your bonus point the sub-title for the revised version was ‘Goodbye England’s Rose’.
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Is Halle Berry single? Bio, Movies, Kids, Net worth, Oscars 2017, Early life, Facts
Who is Halle Berry?
Halle Berry is one of Hollywood's highest-paid actresses. Before she entered the world of acting, she was a model of fashion and took part in several beauty competitions. Her mixed ancestor, the daughter of an English-German mother and an African American father, explains her exotic characteristics and unconventional beauty. With confidence in her good looks from a young age, she began competing as a teenager in beauty contests and won the Miss Teen All-American Pageant. After being chosen as the first runner-up in the Miss USA Pageant, she became a model.
Halle Berry’s story is a typical story of riches, from humble beginnings. Halle worked her way to the Zenith of her career, earning enthusiasts and awards.
When and how did Halle Berry start her Career?
During her studies, Halle spent her time pursuing her more natural interests; modeling and performance. Naturally, Pageantry came to Halle, contesting and winning Miss Teen Ohio and Miss Teen America. She finished as the first runner-up at the Miss USA pageant to winner Christy Fichtner in 1968.
In the early 1990s, Halle decided to leave Chicago in search of her dreams for New York. She began with smaller roles, her first role being a model in a short TV series, ‘Living Dolls’. She moved to Los Angeles after the health problems, which encountered in the Living Dolls set.
Her first important role was with Samuel L. Jackson in the movie ‘Jungle Fever’. Her impressive performance has opened the doors to more difficult projects. Next was her appearance together with Bruce Willis in the 1991 film ‘The Last Boy Scout’. This was followed in 1992 by the romantic comedy ‘Boomerang’.
In 1995, she played in "Losing Isaiah" a drug addict character Khaila Richards. The film revolves around a cocaine-addicted woman who first leaves her child to fight for a long time in custody. Her other films were 'Executive Decision' (1996), 'BAPS' (1997) and 'Bulworth' (1998) for the 1990s. She has acted in films such as 'X-Men' (2000),'Monostar Ball' (2001), 'Catwoman' (2004), 'Robots' (2005), ‘Perfect Stranger' (2007) and 'Frankie & Alice' (2010) over the next few years.
In her film Monsters Ball, she won the Academy Award for Best Actress. On three occasions she also won the Golden Globe; in 2002, 2006, and 2011.
How was the Early life of Halle Berry?
She was born on August 14, 1966. Judith Ann, a psychiatric nurse, and Jerome Jesse Berry, a hospital attendant, were parents of Halle Berry. Her mother was of English and German origin while her father was an African American. She's got an older sister. Her father left the family when Halle was very young, and she grew up in a predominantly white neighborhood by her single mother. While she grew up, she had to face considerable racism.
She attended Bedford High School before she studied broadcast journalism at the Cuyahoga Community College. As a student, she was very active in extracurricular activities and was also the leader and president of the class. She joined several beauty pageants as a teenager and won the Miss Teen All American in 1985 and the Miss Ohio USA in 1986.
Who is in the Personal life of Halle Berry?
Halle Berry had the least rocky love life. Shortly after her pageant success, she dated John Ronan. In October 1991, the two-year novelty ended when he sued Halle for $80,000. He claimed that the sum was a loan that he gave to Halle as she began her career.
Before she eventually married Atlanta Braves baller David Justice in 1993, Halle was briefly involved with star actor Wesley Snipes. In 1997, Justice and Halle divorced.
Halle was re-married to musician Eric Benet in 2001 after the couple had dated for two years. Their marriage lasted only for four years, 2001-2005. Ten months after her divorce from Eric, Halle fell in love with Gabriel Aubry, a Canadian model she met earlier in 2005 in a photo shoot. The daughter of Gabriel and Halle, Nahla Ariela, was born on 16 March 2008. The couple separated in April 2010 and a long-term custody struggle followed.
Once more, Halle Berry was on the move, this time actor Olivier Martinez. The couple met in South Africa and began to date only months after her separation from Gabriel Aubry. Halle Berry and Oliver Martinez were married at the Chateau des Conde in France in July 2013. In October 2013, they welcomed their son Maceo-Robert. The couple divorced in December 2106 after two years of marriage.
How much is the Net Worth of Halle Berry?
Halle has a net value of $70 million dollars. Beyond her career, Halle is also a knowledgeable businesswoman. She is the co-owner of the French lingerie brand ‘Scandale Paris’ and launched her fragrance line ‘Halle’ in 2009. It also supports worldwide brands like ‘Versace’ and ‘Revlon’. She owns an 8 million dollar mansion in Malibu, Los Angeles, and another 15 million dollar luxury home in Hollywood, Los Angeles. Her estimated annual income is $6 million.
Facts about Halle Berry
One with the locals. ????✨
A post shared by Halle Berry (@halleberry) on Oct 22, 2018 at 6:25am PDT
Once she received a "worst actress" Razzie award for her role in the movie "Catwoman," which she received personally. Berry was also involved in few accidents which she said that she didn't remember. These were hit-and-run incidents in which she was put on probation, served in the community, and fined over $13,000 in a large amount.
ActressBusinesswomanBruce WillisSamuel L. JacksonHalle Maria BerryJohn RonanDavid JusticeWesley SnipesEric BenetGabriel AubryOlivier Martinez
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Six Years, what a surprise
Filed under: Talking Movies,Talking Nonsense,Talking Television,Talking Theatre — Fergal Casey @ 10:06 pm
Tags: (500) Days of Summer, 2ThirteenB Baker Street, 300, 5 Reasons to love Tom at the Farm, A Million Ways to Screw up a Western, A Proof - Keanu Can Act, A Whistle in the Dark, Aaron Monaghan, Alan Moore, Alan Rickman, Alfred Pennyworth, Allison DuBois, Apocalypse Now, Arrow, Bane, Batman, Bones, Bruce Wayne, Charlie Murphy, Christian Bale, Christopher Nolan, Ciaran Hinds, CSI, Cutter's Way, Daniel Craig, David Boreanaz, Delaney, Doctor Who, Double Exposure: Cutter's Way/House M.D., Druid, DruidMurphy, Elevator Repair Service, Emily Deschanel, Ernest Hemingway, Fassbendering, Frank McGuinness, Funny Bones, Garry Hynes, George Bernard Shaw, Glenn Gordon Caron, Green Arrow, Hart Hanson, Henrik Ibsen, House, House M.D., House MD, How to Watch 300, Hugh Laurie, Hunger, Immersive Acting, Inception, James Bond, Jeff Nichols, John Gabriel Borkman, Juno and the Paycock, Kathy Reichs, Keanu Reeves, Kristen Bell, Laurence Fishburne, Maggie Q, Mark Pellegrino, Marty Rea, Matthew McConaughey, Medium, Medium's Realism, Michael Fassbender, Montgomery Micawber-Mycroft, Mud, Niall Buggy, Nick Dunning, Nikita, Olivia Wilde, Patricia Arquette, Princeton, Pygmalion, Risteard Cooper, Rory Nolan, Sam Mendes, Sean O'Casey, Seeley Booth, Seth MacFarlane, Shame, Skyfall, Snyder's Sensibility, Steve McQueen, Steven Moffat, Talking Movies, TARDIS: Time and Relative Dimensions in Smartness, Temperance Brennan, Terrence Malick, Terrence Malick's Upas Tree, The Blacklist, The Dark Knight Rises, The Perks of Being a Wallflower, The Select (The Sun Also Rises), The Silver Tassie, The Tree of Life, Thirteen, Tom Murphy, Watchmen, What the Hell is ... Method Acting?, X-Men: First Class, Xavier Dolan, Zack Snyder
Previous milestones on this blog have been marked by features on Michael Fassbender and a vainglorious, if requested, list (plays to see before you die). But as today marks exactly six years since Talking Movies kicked off in earnest on Tuesday September 1st 2009 with a review of (500) Days of Summer I’ve rummaged thru the archives for some lists covering the various aspects of the blog’s expanded cultural brief.
Top 6 Films
There’s been a lot of films given a write-up and a star rating hereabouts. So many films. Some fell in my estimation on re-watching, others steadily increased in my esteem, and many stayed exactly as they were.
Here are my favourites of the films I’ve reviewed over the past six years:
And that’s a selection from this list…
Iron Man, Indiana Jones 4, Wolverine, (500) Days of Summer, Creation, Pandorum, Love Happens, The Goods, Fantastic Mr Fox, Jennifer’s Body, The Men Who Stare at Goats, Bright Star, Glorious 39, The Box, Youth in Revolt, A Single Man, Whip It!, The Bad Lieutenant, Eclipse, Inception, The Runaways, The Hole 3-D, Buried, Wall Street: Money Never Sleeps, Let Me In, The Way Back, Never Let Me Go, Cave of Forgotten Dreams 3-D, Win Win, X-Men: First Class, The Beaver, A Better Life, Project Nim, Rise of the Planet of the Apes, Glee: The 3-D Concert Movie, The Art of Getting By, Troll Hunter, Drive, Demons Never Die, The Ides of March, In Time, Justice, Breaking Dawn: Part I, The Big Year, Shame, The Darkest Hour 3-D, The Descendants, Man on a Ledge, Martha Marcy May Marlene, A Dangerous Method, The Woman in Black, Ghost Rider: Spirit of Vengeance 3-D, Margaret, This Means War, Stella Days, Act of Valour, The Hunger Games, Titanic 3-D, The Cabin in the Woods, Salmon Fishing in the Yemen, Lockout, Albert Nobbs, Damsels in Distress, Prometheus, Red Tails, Red Lights, Abraham Lincoln: Vampire Hunter 3-D, Ice Age 4, Killer Joe, Magic Mike, The Dark Knight Rises, The Expendables 2, My Brothers, The Watch, Lawless, The Sweeney, The Perks of Being a Wallflower, Liberal Arts, Sinister, Hit and Run, Ruby Sparks, On the Road, Stitches, Skyfall, The Sapphires, Gambit, Seven Psychopaths, Lincoln, Men at Lunch – Lon sa Speir, Warm Bodies, A Good Day to Die Hard, Safe Haven, Arbitrage, Stoker, Robot and Frank, Parker, Side Effects, Iron Man 3, 21 and Over, Dead Man Down, Mud, The Moth Diaries, Populaire, Behind the Candelabra, Man of Steel 3-D, The East, The Internship, The Frozen Ground, The Wolverine, The Heat, RED 2, The Mortal Instruments: City of Bones, Diana, Blue Jasmine, How I Live Now, Thanks for Sharing, Escape Plan, Like Father, Like Son, Ender’s Game, Philomena, The Counsellor, Catching Fire, Black Nativity, Delivery Man, 12 Years a Slave, Devil’s Due, Inside Llewyn Davis, Mr Peabody & Sherman 3-D, Dallas Buyers Club, The Monuments Men, Bastards, The Stag, The Grand Budapest Hotel, Calvary, Magic Magic, Tracks, Hill Street, X-Men: Days of Future Past 3-D, Benny & Jolene, The Fault in Our Stars, 3 Days to Kill, Boyhood, Dawn of the Planet of the Apes 3-D, SuperMensch: The Legend of Shep Gordon, God’s Pocket, Hector and the Search for Happiness, The Expendables 3, What If, Sin City 2, Let’s Be Cops, The Guest, A Most Wanted Man, Wish I Was Here, Noble, Maps to the Stars, Life After Beth, Gone Girl, Northern Soul, The Babadook, Interstellar, The Drop, Mockingjay – Part I, Electricity, Birdman, Taken 3, Wild, Testament of Youth, A Most Violent Year, Kingsman: The Secret Service, Son of a Gun, Patrick’s Day, Selma, It Follows, Paper Souls, Home 3-D, While We’re Young, John Wick, A Little Chaos, The Good Lie, Let Us Prey, The Legend of Barney Thomson, Hitman: Agent 47.
Top 6 Film Features
There’s been a lot of film features, from me obsessing over ignored inflation at the box-office and omnipresent CGI on the screen to the twaddle of Oscar ceremonies and thoroughly bogus critical narratives of New Hollywood.
Here are my favourite film features from the last six years:
A Proof – Keanu Can Act
Snyder’s Sensibility
What the Hell is … Method Acting?
Terrence Malick’s Upas Tree
5 Reasons to love Tom at the Farm
A Million Ways to Screw up a Western
Top 6 TV Features
There’s been quite a bit of musing about TV here, usually in short-form howls about The Blacklist or other such popcorn irritants, but sometimes in longer format, like two disquisitions on Laurence Fishburne’s stint in CSI.
Here are my favourite TV features from the last six years:
TARDIS: Time And Relative Dimensions In Smartness
Double Exposure: Cutter’s Way/House M.D.
Medium’s Realism
2ThirteenB Baker Street, Princeton
Funny Bones
An Arrow of a different colour
Since I decided to start reviewing plays in summer 2010 there’s been a steady stream of reviews from the Dublin Theatre Festival and regular productions at the Gate, the Abbey, the Olympia, the Gaiety, and Smock Alley.
Here are my favourites of the plays I’ve reviewed over the last six years:
John Gabriel Borkman
The Silver Tassie
Juno and the Paycock
The Select: The Sun Also Rises
A Whistle in the Dark
And that’s a selection from this list:
Death of a Salesman, Arcadia, Phaedra, John Gabriel Borkman, Enron, The Silver Tassie, The Field, The Cripple of Inishmaan, Attempts on Her Life, Pygmalion, Translations, Hay Fever, Juno and the Paycock, Peer Gynt, Slattery’s Sago Saga, Tom Crean: Antarctic Explorer, Big Maggie, Hamlet, Improbable Frequency, Alice in Funderland, Glengarry Glen Ross, Travesties, The House, The Plough and the Stars, The Lark, Dubliners, The Select: The Sun Also Rises, A Whistle in the Dark, Conversations on a Homecoming, The Talk of the Town, King Lear, Major Barbara, Accidental Death of an Anarchist, The Critic, Desire Under the Elms, Neutral Hero, Macbeth, A Skull in Connemara, The Vortex, An Ideal Husband, Twelfth Night, Aristocrats, Ballyturk, Heartbreak House, The Actor’s Lament, Our Few and Evil Days, Bailegangaire, Spinning, She Stoops to Conquer, The Walworth Farce, The Caretaker, The Man in Two Pieces, Hedda Gabler, The Gigli Concert, A Month in the Country, The Shadow of a Gunman, The Importance of Being Earnest, Bob & Judy, By the Bog of Cats.
Top 6 Colour Pieces
It must be admitted that I’ve written fewer colour pieces for the blog than I would have liked, but I’ve greatly enjoyed the occasional adventures of Hollywood insider Micawber-Mycroft; a homage to PG Wodehouse’s Mr Mulliner.
Here are my favourite colour pieces from the last six years:
How to Watch 300
Mark Pellegrino gets ambitious
Great Production Disasters of Our Time: Apocalypse Now
Micawber-Mycroft explains nervous action directing
Alfred & Bane: Brothers in Arms
Kristen Bell, Book and Candle
Six years, my brain hurts a lot…
Tags: 3:10 to Yuma, A Million Ways 2, A Million Ways to Die in the West, A Million Ways to Screw up a Western, Ace Venture, Alec Sulkin, Alex Kurtzman, Amanda Seyfried, Amazon, Annie Hall, Arthur Penn, Arthur Schlesinger Jr, Bananas, Before She Met Me, Bret Easton Ellis, Brown, Charlize Theron, Children of Men, Clint Eastwood, Cowboys & Aliens, Damon Lindelof, Dances with Wolves, Destry Rides Again, DWEMs, El Dorado, Family Guy, George Lucas, Gran Torino, Gunfight at the OK Corral, Heaven's Gate, Howard Ostby, Ichabod Crane, Indiana Jones & The Last Crusade, Iron Man, JFK, Joe Griffin, John Ford, John Wayne, Julian Barnes, Ken Loach, Liam Neeson, LOST, Louise Lasser, M Night Shyamalan, Mark Fergus, Michael Cimino, Mission: Impossible 3, Native Americans, Nicholas Jarecki, NYU, Open Range, Red River, Rio Bravo, Robert Altman, Roberto Orci, Scott Mitchel Rosenberg, Seraphim Falls, Sergio Leone, Seth MacFarlane, Sleepy Hollow, Star Trek, Star Wars, Stephen King, Steve Oedekerk, Steven Spielberg, Ted, The Assassination of Jesse James by the Coward Robert Ford, The Dark Knight Rises, The Disuniting of America, The Duke, The Lone Ranger, The New Frontier, The Searchers, Thomas Jefferson, Tombstone, Transformers, Unforgiven, UT Austin, Walter Hill, Wellesley Wild, Wesleyan, Wild Wild West, Woody Allen, Wyatt Earp
I come not to praise Seth MacFarlane, nor to bury him, but to consider his failure with a comedy-western alongside Damon Lindelof’s Cowboys & Aliens.
I found A Million Ways to Die in the West to be oddly reminiscent of early Woody Allen films like Bananas; intermittently hilarious, but not really a film. But if Woody pre-Annie Hall was simply stitching together sketches without anything but the most broadly-drawn larger narrative purpose, then it seemed like the reverse was happening to MacFarlane – making ‘a Western, goddamnit!’ sucked the humour out of his comedy-western script. And so to a knotty point – there was a grindingly efficient story structure at work, but the central comic conceit of MacFarlane’s movie was unclear. Critic Joe Griffin pitches the film as – “it’s a normal guy with 21st century sensibilities who lives in the violent frontier of the Old West and is dragged into a typical Western story.” This nails MacFarlane’s interactions with Amanda Seyfried, which come close to replicating the clinical psychoanalysis terms Woody uses with Louise Lasser in Bananas with an almost identical purpose – the comedy of language entirely inappropriate to the situation. But the first genuinely funny moment is MacFarlane’s later riff on the dead mayor, which literally comes out of nowhere. Along with the inevitably blood-soaked county fair, it suggests that the titular conceit of horrible deaths would’ve been a far better source of thematic comedy. Instead MacFarlane decides to mine comedy by working the most exhausted seams of the rom-com with Charlize Theron; even down to the obligatory big lie – she chose not to tell him she’s married to terrifying Liam Neeson. Only very occasionally (to wake the audience) does he sprinkles absurdist comic moments; and meanwhile he’s also trying to touch every Western generic base.
Griffin writes “This, I think, is what happens when someone has had too much control on a project so early in his film career.” MacFarlane is the star, director, co-writer, and producer of A Million Ways; and his co-writers are his Ted and Family Guy cohorts Alec Sulkin and Wellesley Wild. That’s a lot of control. To put it in context, it’s more than M Night Shyamalan ever managed to acquire at the height of his hubris. It’s undeniable that without the success of Ted it’s unthinkable that MacFarlane would have been allowed to cast himself as the physical lead, and it’s probably equally unlikely that Wellesley and Sulkin would alienate their TV day-job boss by proposing a page-one rewrite of his pet film project. I have to agree with Griffin because getting too much control because of success is part and parcel of the disastrous creative bubble I described in 2011 which I predicted would scupper The Dark Knight Rises; Wellesley and Sulkin wouldn’t be silent because they wouldn’t want to rain on MacFarlane’s scripting parade, they’d be silent because they’d be doing the Macarena in the middle of the parade. Because they’d written Ted they’d assume whatever any of them suggested would be equally awesome, and so nobody cries halt until the train has gone far over the horizon. But I want to dissent against myself and speculate that what happened in the Million Ways writers’ room (story structure and Western tropes pushing out badly needed jokes) was the same as the fiasco that occurred not so long ago in another writers’ room not so very far away…
Remember 2011’s Cowboys & Aliens? No, well, don’t feel bad. Here’s what its co-writer Damon (LOST) Lindelof had to say about it in an extremely interesting 2013 interview: “I think the instinct there was that all parties agreed that of the two roads to go down—a sci-fi film set in the Old West or a Western that had aliens as bad guys, two distinct genres—the latter felt like the cooler movie. Once we embraced the Western and all its trappings—the hero requiring redemption, the jailbreak action sequence, the Native Americans as allies—the tone naturally got more serious along the way. Maybe too serious for a movie called Cowboys & Aliens.” Cowboys & Aliens was supposedly based on a comic-book by Scott Mitchel Rosenberg, which, from the small sample available on Amazon, appears to proudly wear ‘guilt over the treatment of Native Americans in times gone by’ on its sleeve. That suggests that Ace Ventura creator Steve Oedekerk was right to create a fun screen story distinct from the comic-book. And then rewrites began… Of the credited writers a draft was done by Mark Fergus & Howard Ostby (Iron Man, Children of Men), whose credits suggest that a more serious tone had begun to emerge. Which is presumably why Lindelof and Roberto Orci & Alex Kurtzman (Transformers, M:I-3, Star Trek) were brought in to do the final draft of the script. Add some humour? Some nonsense? Yeah, well, obviously that didn’t work. But look at what Lindelof characterised as a genre trapping of the Western: Native American allies. What?! That would certainly be news to the Duke…
In 1991 historian Arthur Schlesinger Jr took aim at America’s universities in his polemic The Disuniting of America. Schlesinger was extremely alarmed at the mass of evidence that political correctness had triumphed over sanity: “When a student sent a memorandum to the ‘diversity education committee’ at the University of Pennsylvania mentioning her ‘deep regard for the individual,’ a college administrator returned the paper with the word individual underlined: ‘This is a red flag phrase today, which is considered by many to be racist. Arguments that champion the individual over the group ultimately privileges (sic) the ‘individuals’ belonging to the largest or dominant group.’” (117) In his 1982 novel Before She Met Me Julian Barnes had a history professor baffled by the genuine horror and anger of a student whenever the wrong side triumphed in any given stand-off. Schlesinger Jr was damning of attacks on ‘Eurocentric’ American history, and it was essentially an appeasement of Barnes’ fictional student; by rewriting history. In one district where Native Americans had political clout it was taught that their tribal politics had influenced Thomas Jefferson every bit as much as European Enlightenment. It had not, as Schlesinger Jr flatly stated. And yet… In Sleepy Hollow, co-created by Cowboys & Aliens scribes Kurtzman and Orci, we find Ichabod Crane noting how in his 1770s existence Native American tribal politics had been a pivotal influence on Thomas Jefferson. A throwaway cute line; to anyone who hasn’t read Schlesinger Jr’s book. If you have, you’re stunned that this is not meant as a joke or provocatively revisionist statement; it is simply stated as true when it is not.
MacFarlane, Kurtzman, Orci, and Lindelof were all born in 1973. This puts them in college at Brown, Wesleyan, UT Austin, and NYU Film School, respectively, during the height of the ‘Death to DWEMs’ tide that Schlesinger Jr was trying to turn back. I honestly think every time somebody sits down to write anything Western-related in Hollywood these days they get some epic pol.sci/film studies college flashback. As a result, in between apologising to Native Americans, rewriting the role of women in the West, inserting grim truths about the lawlessness and brutality of life then, demythologising Wayne and Ford’s back catalogue, and faithfully inserting and then attempting to subvert in the accepted revisionist mode every Western trope they were ever taught, they lose any sense of fun. Lindelof posited “a Western that had aliens as bad guys” as “the cooler movie”, and yet Cowboys & Aliens is entirely lacking any sense of being a cool adventure. It is, indeed, simply unthinkable that anybody could produce a Western right now that is exuberant fun; nobody would give you the finale of Rio Bravo. I think that may be a combination of film school prioritising, nay, canonising, serious Westerns like The Searchers and Red River over entertainments like El Dorado and Gunfight at the OK Corral. Rio Bravo isn’t a silly movie, but it is unabashed adventure played with great humour. But Lindelof’s description of embracing “the Western and all its trappings—the hero requiring redemption, the jailbreak action sequence, the Native Americans as allies” suggests an inability to take the Western genre as it was, not as it ought to have been…
The complete failure of Cowboys & Aliens didn’t stop the even more epic failure of The Lone Ranger following it down the trail two years later. The savage darkness of The Lone Ranger was completely unsuitable for a Disney blockbuster supposedly aimed at kids, but it fitted perfectly the template of the Western produced by people Schlesinger couldn’t save. It’s admirable to insert a Sergio Leone tone into a Western romp for children, only if you also take that bloody-minded approach to your contemporary blockbusters and give us Transformers directed by Ken Loach as the working poor fighting against transforming robots who’re the highest form of capitalism. Really I think the idea of the Western as conceived by the children of 1973 is fundamentally incompatible with exuberance. In the 1970s radical directors like Robert Altman, Arthur Penn, Walter Hill and Michael Cimino couldn’t wait to make a Western. But the revisionist Western wasn’t what audiences wanted. Nicholas Jarecki on the Bret Easton Ellis podcast recently made some interesting points about ‘genre exhaustion’, when an audience has seen every possible permutation arising out of a generic set-up. I don’t believe that’s what happened to the Western in the 1970s. I follow Stephen King in believing that George Lucas took the ‘pioneer spirit’ of the Western and simply, in a belated emulation of JFK’s call for a New Frontier, relocated it in space. And, as Spielberg’s Western framing at the end of The Last Crusade transparently indicates, crying for the death of the Western is like bemoaning the death of the dinosaurs while looking at flying birds: dinosaurs aren’t dead, they evolved.
If the blockbuster is the repository of the spirit of exuberant fun that lights up Rio Bravo, what does that make the contemporary Western? Well, it’s tempting to twist Lindelof’s words and say merely the outward trappings of the genre, stripped of its soul. Since Heaven’s Gate we’ve had serious Westerns like Dances with Wolves, Open Range, Wyatt Earp, Unforgiven, Tombstone, The Assassination of Jesses James by the Coward Robert Ford, 3:10 to Yuma, and Seraphim Falls. We’ve had comedy mash-up disasters like Wild Wild West, Cowboys & Aliens and The Lone Ranger. And we’ve had nothing like a Rio Bravo… It’s admirable to try and cinematically reinstate the reality of the shameful treatment of the Native Americans in the Old West. But this admirable endeavour may run up against a problem if it’s part of a wider refusal to accept the Western genre for what it was and to believe that it can simply be rewritten to make it what it ought to have been. Such a massive undertaking may be more than the genre can accommodate, in one important respect – it can make for a good film, a good Western, but not a fun film. A Million Ways is not a fun film, even though it’s meant to be a comedy. And I think it’s because MacFarlane tried to hit every base; Native Americans as allies, the brutality and lawlessness of the West, rewriting the role of women (with particular emphasis on the brothels), the exploitation of Chinese labour; because he is one of that generation that can’t see a Western without giving a lecture on its propagandising.
MacFarlane certainly won’t be getting A Million Ways 2 off the ground, and his fiasco has probably scuppered any competent Destry Rides Again for the 2010s that was out there. But, considering Lindelof’s tropes, surely Clint Eastwood’s Gran Torino comes closer to the cool movie that Lindelof wanted than Cowboys & Aliens. It shouldn’t be impossible to combine the 1973 generation’s ideal Western with exuberant fun – maybe it just needs Clint back in the saddle…
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National Energy Services Reunited Corp. To Release Third Quarter 2018 Financial Results On November 8th
ACCESSWIRE November 5, 2018
HOUSTON, TX / ACCESSWIRE / November 5, 2018 / National Energy Services Reunited Corp. ("NESR") (NESR) (NASDAQ:NESRW), a national, industry-leading provider of integrated energy services in the Middle East and North Africa ("MENA") region, today announced that it will report results for the third quarter 2018 on Thursday, November 8, 2018. A conference call is scheduled for 9:00 AM ET, 6:00 PM Dubai Time, on November 8, 2018.
Investors, analysts and members of the media interested in listening to the call are encouraged to participate by dialing into the toll-free line at 1-877-407-0312 or the international line at 1-201-389-0899. A live, listen-only webcast will also be available in the investors section of www.nesr.com. A replay of the conference call will be available a few hours after the event in the investors section of the Company's website.
About National Energy Services Reunited Corp.
Founded in 2017, NESR is one of the largest national oilfield services providers in the MENA and Asia Pacific regions. With over 3,200 employees, representing more than 40 nationalities in over 14 countries, the Company helps its customers unlock the full potential of their reservoirs by providing Production Services such as Cementing, Coiled Tubing, Filtration, Completions, Stimulation and Fracturing, and Nitrogen Services. The Company also helps its customers to access the reservoirs in a smarter and faster manner by providing Drilling and Evaluation services like Drilling Downhole Tools, Directional Drilling Fishing Tools, Testing Services, Wireline, Slickline, Fluids and Rig Services.
This communication includes certain statements that may constitute "forward-looking statements" for purposes of the federal securities laws. Forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements that refer to projections, forecasts or other characterizations of future events or circumstances, including any underlying assumptions. The words "anticipate," "believe," "continue," "could," "estimate," "expect," "intends," "may," "might," "plan," "possible," "potential," "predict," "project," "should," "would" and similar expressions may identify forward-looking statements, but the absence of these words does not mean that a statement is not forward-looking. Forward-looking statements may include, for example, statements about the benefits of the transaction described in this communication; the future financial performance of NESR following the transaction; and changes in NESR's strategy, future operations, financial position, estimated revenues and losses, projected costs, prospects, plans and objectives of management. These forward-looking statements are based on information available as of the date of this communication, and current expectations, forecasts and assumptions, and involve a number of judgments, risks and uncertainties. Accordingly, forward-looking statements should not be relied upon as representing NESR’s views as of any subsequent date, and NESR does not undertake any obligation to update forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date they were made, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as may be required under applicable securities laws. You should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. As a result of a number of known and unknown risks and uncertainties, NESR's actual results or performance may be materially different from those expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. Some factors that could cause actual results to differ include NESR’s ability to recognize the anticipated benefits of the transaction, which may be affected by, among other things, competition and the ability of NESR to grow and manage growth profitably following the transaction; changes in applicable laws or regulations; the possibility that NESR may be adversely affected by other economic, business, and/or competitive factors; and other risks and uncertainties indicated in NESR’s public filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
For inquiries regarding NESR, please contact:
Dhiraj Dudeja
NESR Corp.
info@nesr.com
Joseph Caminiti or Steve Calk
Alpha IR Group
NESR@alpha-ir.com
SOURCE: National Energy Services Reunited Corp.
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Schlumberger Holdings Corporation Announces Pricing Terms for Debt Exchange Offer
HOUSTON--(BUSINESS WIRE)--
Schlumberger Holdings Corporation (“SHC” or the “Company”) today announced pricing terms with respect to its private offer to exchange three series of senior notes in the table below (collectively the “Old Notes”) for a new series of senior notes to be due in 2028 (the “New Notes”). The offer is referred to herein as the “Exchange Offer.”
For each $1,000 principal amount of Old Notes validly tendered and not validly withdrawn prior to 5:00 p.m., New York City time, on March 26, 2019 (the “Early Participation Date”) and accepted by SHC, the following table sets forth the yields, the Total Consideration and the principal amount of the New Notes, as priced below:
Title of Security CUSIP Number ISIN
Reference Yield(1)
Fixed Spread
(basis
points)
Yield(2)
Consideration(3)
3.000% Senior Notes due
Rule 144A:
806851AC5 /
Regulation S:
U8066LAC8
US806851AC55
USU8066LAC82
1.750% U.S. Treasury Notes
due 11/15/2020
2.269% 25 2.519% $1,007.54 $1,008.81
806851AE1 /
U8066LAD6
US806851AE12
USU8066LAD65
806851AG6 /
U8066LAE4
US806851AG69
USU8066LAE49
2.145% 110 3.245% $1,043.58 $1,044.90
(1) The bid-side yield on the Reference UST Security.
(2) Reflects the bid-side yield on the Reference UST Security plus the applicable Fixed Spread, calculated in accordance with the procedures set forth in the Offering Memorandum, dated March 13, 2019 (the “Offering Memorandum”).
(3) The Total Consideration for each series Old Notes includes the early participation payment of $50.00 of principal amount of New Notes per $1,000 principal amount of Old Notes.
Holders whose Old Notes are accepted for exchange will receive in cash accrued and unpaid interest from the last applicable interest payment date to, but excluding, the date on which the exchange of such Old Notes is settled, and amounts due in lieu of fractional amounts of New Notes.
The New Notes will have an interest rate of 3.900%, a yield of 3.916% and the New Issue Price of $998.74, which has been determined by reference to the bid-side yield on the 2.625% U.S. Treasury Notes due February 15, 2029, as of 11:00 a.m. New York City time on March 27, 2019 (such date and time, the “Pricing Time”), which was 2.366%.
The Exchange Offer is being conducted upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in the Offering Memorandum, as amended by SHC’s press release dated as of March 27, 2019.
Terms of the Exchange Offer
The Exchange Offer will expire at 11:59 p.m., New York City time, on April 9, 2019, unless extended or earlier terminated by SHC.
The Exchange Offer is only made, and the New Notes are only being offered and will only be issued, and copies of the offering documents will only be made available, to a holder of Old Notes who has certified its status as either (a) a “qualified institutional buyer” as defined in Rule 144A under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”) or (b) (i) a person who is not a “U.S. person” as defined under Regulation S under the Securities Act, or a dealer or other professional fiduciary organized, incorporated or (if an individual) residing in the United States holding a discretionary account or similar account (other than an estate or trust) for the benefit or account of a non-“U.S. person”, (ii) if located or resident in any Member State of the European Economic Area which has implemented Directive 2003/71/EC , as amended, including by Directive 2010/73/EU (the “Prospectus Directive”), a “qualified investor” as defined in the Prospectus Directive and (iii) if located or resident in Canada, is located or resident in a province of Canada and is an “accredited investor” as such term is defined in National Instrument 45-106 – Prospectus Exemptions (“NI 45-106”), and, if resident in Ontario, section 73.3(1) of the Securities Act (Ontario), in each case, that is not an individual unless that person is also a “permitted client” as defined in National Instrument 31-103 - Registration Requirements, Exemptions and Ongoing Registrant Obligations (“NI 31-103”) (each, an “Eligible Holder”).
The New Notes have not been registered under the Securities Act or any state securities laws. Therefore, the New Notes may not be offered or sold in the United States absent registration or an applicable exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act and any applicable state securities laws.
This press release is not an offer to sell or a solicitation of an offer to buy any of the securities described herein. The Exchange Offer is being made solely by the Offering Memorandum and only to such persons and in such jurisdictions as is permitted under applicable law.
In the United Kingdom, this press release is only being communicated to, and any other documents or materials relating to the Exchange Offer is only being distributed to and are only directed at, (i) persons who are outside the United Kingdom, (ii) investment professionals falling within Article 19(5) of the Financial Services and Markets Act (Financial Promotion) Order 2005, as amended (the “Order”) or (iii) high net worth entities, and other persons to whom it may lawfully be communicated, falling within Articles 49(2)(a) to (d) of the Order (all such persons together being referred to as “relevant persons”). Any investment or investment activity to which this announcement relates is available only to relevant persons and will be engaged in only with relevant persons. Any person who is not a relevant person should not act or rely on this announcement or any of its contents.
Documents relating to the Exchange Offer will only be distributed to holders of Old Notes who complete and return a letter of eligibility confirming that they are Eligible Holders. Holders of Old Notes who desire a copy of the eligibility letter may contact D.F. King & Co., Inc., the exchange agent and information agent for the Exchange Offer, at (877) 732-3612 (toll-free); (212) 269-5550 (banks and brokers); email: slb@dfking.com. Holders can request the Exchange Offer documents at www.dfking.com/slb.
Cautionary Note Regarding Forward Looking Statements
This communication contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. The expected timetable for completing the Exchange Offer is a forward-looking statement. The Company cannot give any assurance that such expectations will prove correct. These statements are subject to, among other things, risk factors that are discussed in Schlumberger Limited’s most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K, as well as Schlumberger Limited’s other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) available at the SEC’s Internet site (http://www.sec.gov). Actual results may differ materially from those expected, estimated or projected. Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date they are made, and the Company disclaims any intention or obligation to publicly update or revise any of them in light of new information, future events or otherwise.
Is Global Self Storage, Inc. (NASDAQ:SELF) At Risk Of Cutting Its Dividend?
Here's Why Anheuser-Busch InBev Yanked 2019's Largest IPO
Union Pacific CEO: we see a trade impact— it’s something that needs to be fixed
Verizon on track to have 5G available in 30 cities by the end of 2019
Morningstar: Long-term fund flows strong in first half of 2019
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Yet Another Houston Officer (Badge 7428) who doesn’t Understand Failure to ID
ExCop-Lawyer Uncategorized 42 USC 1983, Badge 7428, camera, Civil rights violation, Failure to identify, Law Enforcement, Open carry, police, Second Amendment, Texas 71 Comments
And here we go again.
This starts off bad from the start. The officer pulls over and tells our open carrying friend* that “you’re not under arrest, you’re not even being detained.” OK, so far so good. So the open carrying guy starts to walk away. That parts real simple, if a person is not being detained, he doesn’t have to stand and talk to you.
The officer then pulls in front of our guy and comes out of the car with his patrol rifle. That’s over the top. Walking away from a consensual stop is now grounds to deploy your rifle? Then, the officer tells him he can try “this constitutional crap” but that he’s f***ing up right now. (0:45). Then he asks for ID and when the citizen says he doesn’t have it, the officer wants to know how he is supposed to know if the citizen is a felon or not.
Uh, officer? Do you have reasonable suspicion that he is a felon? And how did you get this reasonable suspicion? Was the kilt some prison gang tartan? He must be afraid of something, because at 1:15 he tells his back up to “step it up,” which is police slang for increase to lights and siren, get here quick, I need help. Again, really? What exactly has he done to make you fear him?
“All I’m asking for is some ID while you’re walking down my street with a gun strapped to your hip.” Ah, officer? It’s not your street. It belongs to the public that you work for, not you. Then the officer tells him to put the camera on the hood of the squad car, and the officer does good. He tells him that he can point it in whichever direction he wants and can continue to record.
Of course, the black female corporal then immediately points the camera away from the citizen and the officers. (2:30). I wonder if anyone has told her about the Dallas officers who were indicted for felony evidence tampering for doing the same thing with their dash cams? Thankfully the first officer has enough sense to turn it back around as soon as he noticed, a few seconds later.
At 4:14, the officer screws up again though, telling the citizen that he is required to provide ID to the officer. That’s just not correct, and hasn’t been correct since Brown v. Texas, 443 U.S. 47 (1979), and it is certainly not true under current Texas law, which has clearly established that a person does not commit an offense by refusing to identify himself while being detained.
At 10:52, the citizen asks why he is being detained, and the officer replies that he stopped him for walking down the street with a gun on his hip. Again, this is not a violation.
Being a felon in possession of a firearm is not the default status. More importantly, where a state permits individuals to openly carry firearms, the exercise of this right, without more, cannot justify an investigatory detention. Permitting such a justification would eviscerate Fourth Amendment protections for lawfully armed individuals in those states.
United States v. Black, 707 F.3d 531, 540 (4th Cir. 2013).
See also United States v. King, 990 F.2d 1552, 1559 (10th Cir. 1993).
At about 11:30, the officer calls the Harris County District Attorney’s Office† and this discussion gets real interesting. First, the officer realizes that his reasonable suspicion to stop is thin to non-existent and says so. Second, you can hear the female DA in the background, and she isn’t jumping up and down to throw this guy in jail, because she’s not hearing anything that remotely sounds close to being probable cause. At one point, while the officer is on hold, he asks the citizen if he understands what the problem is–but the problem is the officer, not the citizen. When the DA comes back on the line, she tells him that the officer does not have a charge, any charge, that the citizen can be arrested for.
What is amazing is that even after the DA said there is no Failure to ID charge, the officer is still telling the citizen that he has to have ID. No, officer, he does not have to have ID. That’s why you couldn’t get a control number, because the citizen did not have to have ID.
The officer’s badge number was 7428.
*OK, first, any guy who wears a kilt with a t-shirt and a straw hat while carrying an AR-15 in Texas is alright in my book, even if I remain skeptical of the wisdom of open-carry.
†To keep officers from making bad arrests, the Harris County DA requires that the officers get a control number before the arrest. Without a control number, the jail will not accept a prisoner.
Failure to ID after being Stopped for No Violation in Texas
ExCop-Lawyer Uncategorized 42 USC 1983, Civil rights violation, Failure to identify, Fourth Amendment to the United States Constitution, Law, Law Enforcement, Police officer, Texas, Weatherford Texas, Weatherford Texas Police 50 Comments
I saw this in November or December but did not have time to write on it at the time. It appears to involve an individual named Collin Rector of Springtown, Texas.* Springtown is on the border of Wise and Parker counties, just to the west and north of Fort Worth, on Texas 199 (the Jacksboro Highway of John Mayall & the Bluesbreakers fame). Anyway, Collin and his two buddies got pulled over by an officer of the Weatherford Police Department for “driving slow” and the front seat passenger asks if that’s a violation.
The officer answers (at about 0:48) that it is not a violation, unless it is impeding traffic, which the officer then states that they were not doing. Uh, officer, don’t you have to have reasonable suspicion to stop someone and detain them?† So when the passenger starts to ask the question about this, the officer twists off and says that it is against the law to refuse to identify yourself to a police officer (at 0:58). Uh, no, it’s not against the law if they are not under arrest. Tex. Penal Code § 38.02. At 2:01, the officer threatens to take the two to jail for Fail to ID, at which point the driver shows his driver’s license. The passenger refuses to identify himself, as is his right, and the idiot officer pulls him out of the car.
Then a female officer gets Rector’s name, and runs him for warrants, and officer idiot searches and obtains the front passenger’s identification. The passenger continues to quiz the officer for the grounds that he is required to identify, and the officer continues to basically say because the law says so. Then the officer tells the lad to go back and study what the law says because the officer is sure that the kid is wrong and he is right. Nice, except for the fact that is not what the law says, and the passenger was stating it correctly.
Of course, it doesn’t help that Rector and the driver pulled the three forms of ID bullshit. That’s sovereign citizen BS, and is not correct. Most departments do have a requirement that officers identify themselves, but that’s policy, not law.
Weatherford PD is not accredited by CALEA. You can contact their Chief, Mike Manning, at police@weatherfordtx.gov or at 817-598-4310 or Captain David Smith, at dsmith@weatherfordtx.gov or 817-598-4322.
*That is based on the fact that the YouTube account belongs to Collin Rector and the fact that the back seat passenger identifies himself by that name.
†You should note that an officer does not have to articulate his reasonable suspicion to the people he stopped (although that is normally best), and that driving slow is often an indicator of driving while intoxicated. Even so, that would not allow the officer to demand ID from the passengers.
Failure to Identify while being Detained in Texas (from comments conversation)
ExCop-Lawyer Uncategorized Failure to identify, Law, Texas 23 Comments
This was generated due to the conversation in the comments on the previous post.
OK, first let’s address Terry v. Ohio, 392 U.S. 1 (1968). That decision focuses on the authority of an officer to detain someone who the officer has a reasonable, articulable suspicion may be involved in criminal activity. It is silent as to the authority to identify who the person is. It certainly does not state that an officer is justified in “requiring a suspect to disclose his or her name” as Sam asserts.
Here, there is no question that the officers had grounds to detain Espinosa. The standard of proof required is reasonable suspicion, and they met that standard. That standard remains below the standard of probable cause, which is required for an arrest.
Next, Sam is correct on the basic issue of Hiibel v. Sixth Judicial Dist. Ct. of Nevada, 542 U.S. 177 (2004). Sam said that Hiibel “held that statutes requiring suspects to disclose their names during police investigations did not violate the Fourth Amendment if the statute first required reasonable and articulable suspicion of criminal involvement.” (emphasis added). That’s correct, but Sam is missing one key factor. Hiibel requires that the state have a statute authorizing the officer to require identification. Nevada has such a statute, Texas does not.
These statutes are called “Stop and Identify” statutes. In Nevada, the law states that “Any person so detained shall identify himself or herself. . . .” Nev. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 171.123. Texas has no such law, and contrary to Sam’s assertions, the case law in Texas is not “all over the map,” but are remarkably consistent, and uniformly against his position.
“When section 38.02 was enacted with the recodification of the Penal Code in 1973, it originally criminalized providing a false identity and failing to identify oneself to a police officer when the person had been ‘lawfully stopped.’ The legislature narrowed the statute in 1987 to apply only in situations when the person had been ‘lawfully arrested.’ In 1991 the legislature struck a middle ground—it criminalized failing to identify oneself when lawfully arrested but also criminalized giving a false name when lawfully detained or lawfully arrested. The statute was amended in 1993 and 2003, but the legislature did not alter the basic framework—it kept the distinction between “lawfully arrested” and ‘lawfully detained.’” Overshown v. State, 329 S.W.3d 201, 208 (Tex. App.—Houston [14th Dist.] 2010, no pet.) (internal citations and footnotes omitted).
The law was changed based on a number of factors. First, in Brown v. Texas, 443 U.S. 47 (1979), the Supreme Court held that Texas could not just stop someone and require that they produce identification. This was followed by a ruling that “Individuals stopped by the police merely on the basis of suspicion, have a right not to be arrested, a right to remain silent, and, as a corollary, a right not to be arrested if they choose to remain silent.” Spring v. Caldwell, 516 F. Supp. 1223, 1230 (S.D. Tex. 1981), rev’d on other grounds, 692 F.2d 994 (5th Cir. 1982).
So far the State of Texas has declined to expand the authority of police to arrest someone who choses to remain silent when asked for identification while detained.
Another case also spells it out clearly. “When appellant refused to give [the officer] his name, he was not under arrest. Therefore, subsection (a) does not apply . . . Under these facts, appellant did not commit the offense of failing to identify himself. Further, the officers provided no evidence at the suppression hearing to justify a warrantless arrest, such as a showing that appellant was about to escape. Thus, the trial court properly determined that appellant was illegally arrested.” Crutsinger v. State, 206 S.W.3d 607, 610 (Tex. Crim. App. 2006). Note that in this case, Crutsinger was suspected of capital murder, so Sam’s argument about the severity of the offense just flew out the window.
Sam then claims that “obstructing is called interfering with the duties of a public servant.” It’s a novel approach and creative, but in accurate. Thus far there has not been a single appellate case where this has been brought up, probably because § 38.15, Interference with Public Duties, Tex. Pen. Code Ann. provides that speech only is not an offense and this would prohibit a successful prosecution. See Freeman v. Gore, 483 F.3d 404 (5th Cir. 2007); Carney v. State, 31 S.W.3d 392 (Tex. App.—Austin 2000, no pet.).
He may also want to look at Adams v. Praytor, No. Civ.A. 303CV0002N, 2004 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 12383, 2004 WL 1490021 (N.D. Tex. July 1, 2004). In that case, one of the officers demanded identification of Adams, who refused to provide it since he was not under arrest. The officers then, according to Adams and several witnesses, threw Adams to the ground, breaking his nose and causing other injuries. The officers attempted to charge Adams with Failure to Identify, but were told by their lieutenant that the facts did not meet the elements of the offense, that Adams did not have to identify himself unless he was under arrest. They then tried charging Adams with Interference with Public Duties, for which he was found not guilty. Opps. In the subsequent lawsuit, the officers were denied qualified immunity by the court, stating:
“Defendants correctly concede that no probable cause existed to place Adams under arrest for Failure to Identify. The Texas Penal Code requires only a person who has been lawfully arrested to provide his name, address, or date of birth to a police officer who requests identification. Indeed, at the time of Adams’s arrest, the Supreme Court had held the application of Penal Code § 38.02 unconstitutional in the absence of reasonable suspicion to believe that the defendant was engaged in or had engaged in criminal conduct. Officers Wright confirms that he initially advised Adams that he was not under arrest, and conditioned the subsequent arrest on Adams’s refusal to produce identification. Accordingly, Defendants had no probable cause to arrest Adams for Failure to Identify.” Adams v. Praytor, 2004 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 12383, 16-17, 2004 WL 1490021 (N.D. Tex. July 1, 2004) (internal citations omitted).
This is clear, black letter law. It doesn’t matter what gyrations are thrown in, it doesn’t change the facts, nor will it change the outcome. Both the city and the county, if they’re smart, will settle with Ms. Espinosa. It’ll be cheaper than a trial. Especially when her attorney points out that by forcing her to destroy a portion of the video, there was arguably grounds to charge the officers with Tampering with or Fabricating Physical Evidence, § 37.09, Tex. Pen. Code Ann., a third degree felony. I would almost bet that Shurka thought of this, although I doubt that Simpson did (but I could be wrong). I don’t remember if Simpson was still a Deputy Chief in Dallas when their officers pointed a dash cam away so it would not film the officers beating an evading suspect.
Is Failure to ID Really that Difficult to Understand? Corpus Christi, Round 2 – UPDATED
ExCop-Lawyer Uncategorized 18 USC 241, 42 USC 1983, Cellphone, Civil rights violation, Corpus Christ Police, Corpus Christi, Failure to identify, J.E. Lockhart, Law Enforcement, Officer J.E. Lockhart, Police abuse, Texas 31 Comments
This was first posted at PINAC, and in the past I would have commented on it there, but I’m no longer interacting there, so I am posting it here.
In the video, a police officer with an unknown police department† claims that Lanessa Espinosa is a “jailhouse lawyer” because she actually knows what the law says. She pointed out that she did not have to identify herself unless she was “being charged.” At that point Corpus Christi Senior Officer‡ J.E. Lockhart comes up and demands ID and tells her that he will arrest her if she doesn’t provide ID.
The problem is that § 38.02, Texas Penal Code, does not authorize an arrest for failure to ID on a mere detention unless the person provides a fictitious name. We’ve covered that several times, here, here, here, here (also in Corpus), here, here, here, and here.
There are several things wrong with the video. First, the officer from the unknown department is choking Espinosa with an arm-bar choke hold. If you look at the video at 1:12, you’ll see the officer’s forearm cutting directly over Espinosa’s adam’s apple in the same manner that killed Eric Garner in New York. The arm-bar choke hold is almost universally viewed as deadly force, and completely inappropriate here when the crime is at best, a misdemeanor under the officer’s mistaken idea of the law.
Second, it is a false arrest. Even more so, it is an arrest because she is exercising her right not to provide identification when he knows (or should have known) that the arrest is unlawful, and that he intentionally denied her of her freedom when he knew (or should have known) that his conduct was unlawful. Folks, that the definition of Official Oppression, § 39.03, Texas Penal Code, and is a Class A misdemeanor.††
I can almost guarantee that Chief Floyd Simpson will not follow up on this. Recently he kept an officer on the department after the officer assaulted a handcuffed prisoner in the jail. That officer got a two-week suspension and was allowed to retire.
Anyway, if you want to waste your time, you can contact the department:
Chief Floyd Simpson (FloydS@cctexas.com), 361-886-2600.
Internal Affairs, 361-886-2627.
†We know it is not a sheriff’s office because the patch says “Police” just above the state seal. I believe that it is probably going to be some type of park ranger or park police for several reasons. One, the uniform, except for the patch, is much the same as the TPWD park ranger uniform. Second, the badge appears to be round, which is the normal shape for a state agency, although some county agencies also use a round badge.
‡In Corpus, for some reason, the sergeants are called “senior officer” although they wear sergeant stripes on their collar.
††Punishable by up to a $4,000 fine and/or up to 1 year in the county jail.
OK, the first officer in the khaki shirt is an investigator from the Nueces County DA’s Office. Second, they detained Espinosa for Interference with Public Duties, § 38.15, Texas Penal Code. She was not arrested, but was released at the scene. A very quick check of the annotations leaves it unclear if this would be a valid charge or not, but I don’t have the time to research it thoroughly. My initial impression is that this is BS, but without a case directly on point, they can probably skate on Official Oppression.
Next, the NCDA (Mark Skurka) is investigating the use of the chokehold by the officer. You’ll probably never hear what the result is, and there will likely be no disciplinary action taken. You can contact the DA’s Office at 361-888-0410 or at nueces.districtattorney@nuecesco.com. BTW, this was an off-duty job for the officer, DA investigators are normally in plain clothes.
Corpus Christi issued a press release absolving their officer of all responsibility and stating how they were committed to transparency and allow people to videotape or film. All of that is nice, but it misses the point. There were no grounds to require identification, as state law did not require it. Espinosa took no actions other than to verbally assert her rights, in other words, speech only. Finally, the press release noted how CCPD officers were trained to “be respectful” and to use “de-escalation techniques.” Really? That’s what they call respect and de-escalation? I would hate to see what is disrespectful and escalating.
Abilene Police do not Understand Lawful Detention or Failure to Identify
ExCop-Lawyer Uncategorized 38.02 Texas Penal Code, Abilene Police, Abilene Texas, Abilene Texas Police, Bobby Ivester, Civil rights violation, Failure to identify, Fourth Amendment to the United States Constitution, gun, Law Enforcement, Open carry, Open carry in the United States, Police officer, Second Amendment, Second Amendment to the United States Constitution, Texas 4 Comments
This is a contact between officers of the Abilene Police Department and an individual who identifies himself as Bobby Ivester (at about 0:25). Ivester is openly carrying a rifle, allows the officers to inspect the weapon, but declines to produce identification when the officer requests it at about 1:30 in the video. The second officer explains to Ivester that he is being detained.
The reason for the detention? “Because we got a call on you” (at 2:40). Unfortunately, both Ivester and the officers do not understand Texas law.
Ivester is arguing that he is not being lawfully detained. I disagree. I believe that he is being lawfully detained (initially, at least). The 911 call about a man with a gun, combined with the officers finding Ivester with an openly carried rifle, provides a reasonable suspicion that Ivester may be committing the offense of disorderly conduct. See Tex. Pen. Code § 42.01(a)(8), displays a firearm in a public place in a manner calculated to alarm. Please note that I did not state that Ivester was committing that violation, clearly he was not, but that doesn’t negate the fact that the officers had reasonable suspicion to make the contact and detain Ivester.
Both Ivester and the officers are under the impression that if the police detain someone, that individual has to identify themselves to the officer. That is simply incorrect. Tex. Pen. Code § 38.02 is very clear, an offense is only committed if the detained person lies about who he is (or his date of birth or residence). Refusing to provide identifying information is not an offense.
At about 5:20 in the video, the second officer grabs the camera and handcuffs Ivester. At 6:55 in the video, an officer says that they don’t know what Ivester’s intent with the gun is. That’s true. It also doesn’t matter. The officers are not allowed to presume that Ivester is a felon or otherwise unable to carry a rifle. United States v. Black, 707 F.3d 531, 540 (4th Cir. 2013) (Being a felon in possession of a firearm is not the default status). The officers try this argument anyway, assuming that it is their “duty” to determine if Ivester has the right to carry the rifle. Uh, guys–his right to carry is called the Second Amendment.
At this point, Ivester is being unlawfully detained. The officers have already determined that Ivester was not committing the offense of disorderly conduct and are now just fishing for his identification to try and charge him with something else. They have improperly extended the contact, see Kothe v. State, 152 S.W.3d 54, 64 (Tex. Crim. App. 2004) (“once the original purpose for the stop is exhausted, police may not unnecessarily detain [individuals] solely in hopes of finding evidence of some other crime”).
If you disagreed with what the officer’s did, you can contact them at:
Chief Stan Standridge, stan.standridge@abilenetx.com, 325-676-6600
Assistant Chief Mike Perry, mike.perry@abilenetx.com, 325-676-6600 (over Uniformed Services)
Officer George Spindler, apdpio@abilenetx.com, 325-437-4529 (Public Information Officer)
Facebook; webpage
Texas Failure to ID Law
Buda, Texas
Kennedale, Texas
Pampa, Texas
H/T: Jim Morriss
Round Rock Police Violate Photographer’s Civil Rights – UPDATED
ExCop-Lawyer Uncategorized camera, Civil rights violation, Failure to identify, Fourth Amendment to the United States Constitution, Law Enforcement, Mike Osborn, Officer Paul Hernandez, Paul Hernandez, Police abuse, Police officer, Round Rock Police, Round Rock Texas, Sergeant Mike Osborn, Texas 14 Comments
Again, we have a case of police in Texas not understanding Tex. Pen. Code § 38.02, or the idea of lawful detention.
In this video, the photographer is taking pictures of the Round Rock, Texas Police station when he is approached by Officer Paul Hernandez who advises him he is being detained until he produces identification. First, under Texas law, a person is not required to identify themselves unless they are under arrest, see § 38.02(a). Officers are not allowed to demand identification without reasonable suspicion that the subject is involved in criminal activity, Brown v. Texas, 443 U.S. 47, 51 (1979); Wade v. State, 442 S.W.3d 661, 670 (Tex. Crim. App. 2013). Officer Hernandez stated (at 6:26, part I) that when asked to identify by an officer, refusal is a crime, which is not true. A person being detained is under no obligation to identify themselves, see § 38.02(b).
“[W]hen they have no basis for reasonable suspicion, officers may ask questions . . . and request identification, ‘as long as the police do not convey a message that compliance with their requests is required.'” St. George v. State, 197 S.W.3d 806, 819 (Tex. Crim. App. 2006). Here they handcuffed and searched the photographer without any reasonable suspicion.
What is even worse is that after the supervisor gets there, the officers condition the photographer’s release on whether or not he’ll “cooperate” with the officers by providing identification (at 6:15, part II). At 8:20 (part II), the photographer requests identifying information from the officers present and Sergeant Mike Osborn informs him that all he needs is the sergeant’s information. That’s all well and good, but in all likelihood violates their own department policies. The Round Rock PD is accredited by CALEA, and CALEA standard 22.2.7 requires that police employees identify themselves on request. Additionally, the detention was unlawful, as was the demand for identification.
If you are concerned about this, you may contact the following:
Chief Allen Banks, abanks@roundrocktexas.gov, 512-218-5521.
Lieutenant Robert Rosenbusch, Internal Affairs, rrosenbusch@roundrocktexas.gov, 512-218-3262.
Lieutenant Larry Roberson, Accreditation Manager, lroberson@roundrocktexas.gov, 512-218-6614.
Sergeant Mike Osborn, Patrol, mosborn@roundrocktexas.gov, 512-671-2853.
Officer Paul Hernandez, Patrol, phernandez@roundrocktexas.gov.
If you are concerned about this from the accreditation standpoint, you may contact Stephen W. Mitchell, who is the Regional Program Manager for CALEA. His number is 703-352-4225, ext. 29.
H/T: Carlos Miller & PINAC
Picking up complaint form and filing complaint.
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Publius 11:38 am on February 20, 2017
Tags: Principles ( 18 )
What Does it Mean to be a Conservative in America?
I have written about what conservatism is not, so I suppose it is time to write about what conservatism is. It is always a bit difficult to write about overarching ideologies when we are accustomed to think about policies in the here and now. Modern American conservatism has been a major political force in America for over half a century now, and while the principles assembled over the centuries endure, the policies change. When examining the philosophies behind conservatism it makes little sense to discuss the Conservative reaction to Obamacare in recent years or the conservative reaction to President Ford’s plan to whip inflation in the 1970s. With that in mind, I will instead discuss four enduring principles that are the foundation of modern conservatism.
Humans are inherently imperfectable
The first key to understanding conservatism is an acceptance of the concept of Original Sin. While this is an inherently religious term, the belief does not have to be. Charles C. W. Cooke, an editor for the premiere conservative magazine National Review, refers to himself as an atheist who believes in original sin.
Whatever you believe the cause to be, it is a fact that people are inherently flawed. As a general rule, we are selfish and impatient, caring less about others the more distant they are from our personal lives. If you disagree, consider how much money you spend on your own entertainment versus how much you give to charities that help feed starving children in third world countries. Unless you are applying for sainthood, I’m guessing it is pretty lopsided, and not in favor of the hungry. This does not make you a bad person, it makes you human.
While we all share positive and negative qualities on a spectrum, so that some are better than others, even the best among us have our flaws. Even Mother Teresa was not perfect, and very, very few of us are as good as her.
This is important to understand because, despite even the best of well-intentioned efforts, human nature cannot be overcome. Too many liberal policies are based on the premise that this or that law can correct a flaw in human nature. No law, no matter how well crafted, can defeat wrath, greed, sloth, pride, lust, envy, or gluttony. Liberals often try to create utopia through legislative action, forgetting that utopia is impossible and literally means “no place.”
Conservatism recognizes that although futile, any attempt to correct human nature will inevitably lead towards despotism. After requests to change fail, any serious attempt moves on to compulsion. As low levels of force continue to be unsuccessful, more and more coercion becomes necessary. All of this can be justified for the greater good, despite the ultimate goal remaining impossible to achieve.
Instead of trying to correct human nature, conservatism seeks to tamper its worst effects or harness the negatives of human nature for good where possible. This is the genius behind capitalist free markets, which tells everyone that to satisfy their greed, they must benefit their fellow man. In a free market, a businessman cannot grow rich without providing services that other people want. Greed cannot be eliminated as some on the left desire, but it and other aspects of human nature can be exploited for the greater good by accepting their reality.
Tradition as a Guidepost
In his 1929 book The Thing, G. K. Chesterton tells a story that has become known as Chesterton’s Fence. In this parable, two men are traveling down a road when they come upon a fence built across the road, blocking their path. The first man says he sees no reason for the fence to exist and suggests tearing it down so they can continue their journey. The second man tells the first that if he does not understand the purpose of the fence, he won’t let him destroy it. He tells the first man to go off and think about why the fence exists, and once he has learned its purpose, then he may allow him to tear it down.
The point here is a simple one: don’t abandon traditions without at least understanding and considering why they exist in the first place. “That’s the way we’ve always done it” is not a sufficient reason to stymie change, but nor is “that’s an old way of thinking” justification for change. Tradition is the wisdom passed down to us by our ancestors after much trial and error that society cannot continually repeat. Society abandoning tradition is like a child who doesn’t understand why mommy said not to touch the stove, so he decides to experiment and find out what would happen. Sometimes we’ve “always done it that way” for good and valid reasons that save lives and prevent strife.
This is not to say that all traditions are good and there should be no change; merely that sudden and sweeping change is fraught with danger. Take time to consider why each tradition exists – what the benefits are as well as the defects. When you understand the true purpose of a tradition from its supporters’ perspective, maybe then we can discuss an appropriate correction. But the default position should be to preserve.
At the 2012 Democratic National Convention, the DNC showed a video that contained the line “government is the only thing we all belong to.” Republicans, touting conservative ideals, quickly responded that we don’t belong to the government, the government belongs to us. It’s easy to write this off as clunky language and partisan sniping, but it shows a fundamental disagreement about the relationship between the government and the American people.
We all know the most famous words Thomas Jefferson ever wrote: “We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.” But the very next line of the Declaration of Independence is crucial for understanding conservatism. Speaking of our unalienable rights, Jefferson wrote “that to secure these rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed.” Another way to phrase that would be to say that the entire purpose of government is to secure the safety, property, and freedom of its citizens. Anything that happens outside of that framework, anything that takes away from individual liberty, is violating that purpose.
This principle alone, that a free people should be left to run their lives as they see fit as long as they are not harming others, would be enough to justify the support in conservatism for personal sovereignty. But of course there is much more to it; there are practical benefits as well. Every single advancement in the history of mankind has come from an individual going against the prevailing wisdom and starting something new. Top-down government control and direction stifles that creativeness.
But big government does not merely slow down human improvement. Sometimes, even with the best of intentions, government dictates cause direct harm to its citizens. Milton Friedman provides a shocking example of this from the 1970’s. At that time, the Consumer Product Safety Commission, with obviously noble intent, required that children’s sleepwear meet a set standard for fire-retardation. This is clearly a laudable goal. No one wants to see children burned when it can be prevented. Unfortunately, at that time clothing was made fire-retardant through use of a chemical known as Tris. Tris, it was later discovered, was a potent carcinogen. Through their admirable attempt to save children from the limited threat of dying in fires, the government had increased the greater risk of getting cancer for every child in America.
Individual action and the free market may move slower than do government dictates, but they are more likely to produce positive change and limit the danger from one bad decision. Flaws amongst individuals are self-correcting. Bad policy based on top-down government control can remain in place long after it has proven harmful.
And yet big government is continually on the march.
In their effort to dictate and control ever larger sections of society, governments all over the world categorize their populations. The American government cannot make policies for 320+ million individuals, so they lump everyone into a set of classifications, reducing the entire population down to a set of statistics. John is no longer John; he is just one member of a group defined as white males between 35-65, college educated, making between $60,000 and $100,000 a year, married, with three or less children.
That says nothing about who John is. It does not explain the struggles he has gone through, the lessons he has learned, his potential for the future, the fear he still has of what may come next, what he means to his friends and family, the value of his volunteer work at the local animal shelter, or any of the other many, many facets of life that cannot be easily measured by bureaucrats in Washington.
At a time when so many people are enamored with diversity, we must remember the most important diversity of all. Our skin color, gender, sexuality – these are immaterial. It is our ideas, beliefs, and actions that make us who we are. By their very nature, big government policies cannot take into account who we are as individuals. We must be treated as one of many members of defined groups. Our life choices should be made for us by us, not for a group of seventy million people we happen to belong to by a few dozen people we will never meet.
At the heart of this principle of individualism is a recognition of the importance of individual responsibility. The flip side to understanding that faceless bureaucrats cannot take care of us is the acceptance that we must take care of ourselves and our neighbors. As individuals, our inherent rights come with inherent responsibilities. It is for us, not the government, to ensure that we eat healthily, earn a good living, and pay our bills. It is the parents’ responsibility to raise their children without an instruction manual from the state. And when our neighbors fall down, it is incumbent upon us to help them back up, but as individuals freely choosing to help one another, not through government compulsion.
Being free men and women requires us to be free to make our own decisions, even our own mistakes.
There are no simple solutions
Whenever a problem is discovered or perceived, there is invariably a cry for the government to “do something.” “There is no time for delay, we must do something.” “The plan might not be perfect, but at least they are doing something about it.” Whether it is a lack of home-ownership among minorities, jobs leaving the United States, or the ever increasing cost of a college education, the government must “do something” to fix it.
This is an understandable impulse, and one we all have to one degree or another. It is not easy to see a problem and not at least try to take quick, direct action to solve it. It is an instinct politicians are all too willing to exploit.
Politicians announce their plans as the solution to a crisis. The government will do X, and then the problem is solved. By using the power and authority of the State, we can get banks to offer more mortgages to minorities, prevent businesses from shipping jobs overseas, and and make college education affordable for everyone.
Unfortunately, the world is not that simple. The government has a lot of power, but cannot anticipate all the disparate reactions its policies will generate, especially in a nation as large as ours. A country is not a well-oiled machine that can be directed from a comfortable office in DC, it is a complex society with hundreds of millions of moving parts that no one can comprehend or anticipate.
As a general rule, people do not like to be told what to do. And yet, every government policy is instructing American citizens to alter their behavior, otherwise there would be no need for a new law. This will change some people’s actions in some ways, but will not change their desires. They will consequently devise new methods to get what they want that are not proscribed.
As soon as the Federal Government passes a new law, some portion of the 320+ million American citizens that make up our country begin searching for a way around it. It is simply impossible for the small, select group of people holed up in Washington DC to predict the myriad ways in which so many people will react to their new law. Sometimes this merely results in some Americans circumventing the law and essentially nullifying it for themselves, and sometimes this leads to even worse consequences than the law sought to remedy.
Whatever your political party or ideological persuasion, it should not be difficult to think of a law that did not fix the problem it proposed to solve, but instead resulted in unanticipated reactions that made things worse. Once you recognize that this was not a nefarious plot by the other side, but the unfortunate result of a noble intention, it becomes clear that the problem is not with which politician or political party is making the law, but that anyone is trying to impose a one-size-fits-all approach onto a large and diverse polity.
While I tried to stay away from specific policies as much as possible, these principles are what inform conservative politics. Conservatives do not oppose Obamacare because we flipped a coin or because we wanted Obama to fail; we oppose Obamacare because it is a sweeping policy that minimizes the sovereignty of the individual and comes with lots of unintended consequences. Conservatives support free trade and the free market because they limit the government’s intrusions upon individual’s economic decisions. Conservatives oppose large welfare programs because they substitute government control for individual dignity and responsibility.
I do not expect everyone to agree with all of these beliefs, but merely hope this will provide a better understanding of where conservatives come from and what our true motivations are. We are not hateful or greedy; we have a different understanding of the relationship between the government and a free people.
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Swaziland king celebrates in style
Filed under: Business News, Latest, Politics News, Reviews, Travel — Tags: 13 wives, 40 years of independence from Britain, 40-40 celebrations, 40th birthday, absolute monarchs, Add new tag, adult, Aids campaigners, Aids orphan, anti-retro viral drugs, ARVs, beaded necklace, BMW, brand new BMW, Britain, Bush, capital, capital Mbabane, celebrations, civic groups, dancing troupes, dirt roads, dressed in traditional clothing, Dubai, education, firewood, flag-waving, grandson, health, HIV, Hlope, hungry children, independence from Britain, Jan, Jan Sithole, King, King Mswati III, King Mswati III of Swaziland, lavish celebrations, Mamba, Mbabane, medicine, Mswati, multi-party democracy, Ntsambose, occasion, Orla Guerin, orphan, people, Percy, Percy Simelane, policemen, poverty, royal family, rundown homes, saving lives, shopping, shopping trip, shopping trip to Dubai, Sibusiso, Sibusiso Mamba, Simelane, Sithole, supporters, Swazi, Swazi Trade Union leader, Swaziland, Swaziland king celebrates, Swaziland king celebrates in style, Tengetile, Tengetile Hlope, Trade, trip, world's highest rate of HIV, world's last remaining absolute monarchs, young man — expressyoureself @ 3:56 am
One of the world’s last remaining absolute monarchs, King Mswati III of Swaziland, has held lavish celebrations to mark his 40th birthday and 40 years of independence from Britain, reports.
King Mswati III was flanked by dignitaries as he delivered his speech
Mswati III arrived in the stadium framed by mountains in the capital Mbabane in a brand new BMW – one of 20 bought just for the occasion.
The king, dressed in traditional clothing and wearing a beaded necklace, was welcomed by cheering, flag-waving supporters.
“We all trust him,” said a young man with a front-row seat, also in traditional dress.
“He’s a good man. He believes in his country. He loves everybody. We are all like the royal family.”
The king has a taste for the finer things in life – something he shares with his 13 wives.
Some of them arrived for the so-called “40-40” celebrations fresh from a shopping trip to Dubai.
With marching bands and dancing troupes, and a garden party to follow, it was a party fit for a king.
But can his impoverished kingdom afford it?
The official budget is $2.5m (£1.4m) but some estimates claim the real cost could be five times that.
Critics say that it is money that could have been better spent elsewhere – on education, on health, and on saving lives.
Cheering crowds turned out to welcome the king to the stadium
With the world’s highest rate of HIV (adult prevalence of 26.1%), many believe there is nothing to celebrate.
For two days this week trade unions and civic groups took to the streets in protest calling for change and for multi-party democracy.
“We condemn this party with the contempt it deserves,” said Swazi Trade Union leader Jan Sithole, as he marched in the capital.
“People feel so strongly because this is a plundering of the country’s resources in the height of grinding poverty for most of the Swazi masses.
“People feel their money is being wasted, with arrogance.”
Take a drive into the bush, and poverty is written all over the landscape – dirt roads, rundown homes, and hungry children.
A collection of African heads of state made the trip to Mbabane
Sibusiso Mamba is one of them. His name means blessing. Sibusiso is an Aids orphan, who is HIV positive himself. Now aged 14, he looks more like a seven-year-old.
For the past two months he has been on anti-retro viral drugs (ARVs).
They brought him back from death’s door, according to his grandmother, Ntsambose, who is caring for him at a remote homestead – 80km (49.7 miles) from the nearest hospital.
Now, as the king is having a banquet, she has run out of food.
“I feel bad when I see that he’s hungry,” she said. “It hurts me. He’s better because of the medicine. But the problem of hunger will make him sick again.”
Ntsambose knew nothing of the celebrations in the capital, or of the money being spent.
“Who am I to say anything?” she asked. “There’s nothing I can say about what is done by the king.”
Zimbabwe President Robert Mugabe was among those present
Many feel powerless to speak up against the monarch – criticism of Mswati is still frowned upon here.
Ntsambose can hardly see, so she relies on her grandson to gather firewood.
It takes all his strength to carry a few sticks. He dreams of being well enough for school next year, and of growing up to be a policemen. But he may not live to his next birthday.
Aids campaigners Tengetile Hlope, whose has been helping Sibusiso and his grandmother, believes this is no time for parties.
“HIV is killing the country. When you think of the budget that is being used for the 40-40 celebrations, you just feel like crying,” she said.
“There are people here who don’t have water, food or transport to a clinic.
“They are just out in the rural areas on their own. The people who are organising and celebrating the 40-40, they don’t even know about this place.”
’40 years of poverty’
The government denies that the birthday party is extravagant, and insists it’s a fitting way to mark a milestone.
“I think the nation can celebrate the achievements of the past 40 years,” said Percy Simelane, a government spokesman.
After the celebrations, many of those who attended waited in line for food
“The country has changed tremendously. At independence we used to get teachers, doctors and nurses from other countries. Now we export them. ARVs are provided free.
“Aids orphans go to school free of charge, and the government pays for meals.”
But a short distance from Sibusiso’s homestead we found more evidence of the hardships many face, at a neighbourhood children’s centre.
About 60 children visit the centre every day – more than half of them are Aids orphans.
The volunteers who run the centre feed them when they can – that is about two days a month.
On the day of our visit, there were songs, games and informal education for the children, but nothing to eat.
Tengetile Hlope believes this is the reality of life for many in rural Swaziland, four decades on.
“I feel like I am just celebrating 40 years of poverty and hunger in this country,” she said.
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Who Is Andy Ngo (Journalist Attacked By Antifa) Wiki, Bio, Age, Ethnicity, Nationality, Partner, Quillette, Podcast, Net worth, GoFundMe
By Admin Last updated Jun 30, 2019
Andy Ngo Biography
Andy Ngo is a Portland-based independent journalist and photographer. He is an editor and photographer for Quillette. He covers topic pertaining to protests, free expression, and Islam. He also hosts a podcast series ‘Things You Should Ngo’. On June 29, 2019 he was assaulted by Antifa protestants.
Andy Ngo Age
Andy is 32 years old; He was born in 1987 in Portland, Oregon, United States.
Andy Ngo Nationality
Andy holds duo nationality; he is Vietnamese and American national.
Andy Ngo Ethnicity – Andy Ngo Heritage
Andy is of Asian race and Vietnamese heritage.
Andy Ngo Sexuality
Andy is gay.
Andy Ngo Parents
Andy was born to Vietnamese parents who migrated to the United States in 1978 and settled in Oregon. His mother was born to a middle-class family and at the age of 16, she was sent to a labor camp after her family business was confiscated by the communists regime.
His father was a police officer during the war. Despite the job being good, it was risky as one could easily be shot afterwards.
Andy Ngo Education
Ngo attended Benson Polytechnic High School in Portland, Oregon. He later joined the University of California, Los Angeles graduating with a B.A. in Design and Media Arts in 2009.
Andy Ngo Podcast
Andy hosts a podcast known as ‘Things You Should Ngo’ om Apple.
Andy Ngo Attacked and Assaulted by Antifa – Antifa Attacks Journalist
On June 29, 2019, Andy was attacked by Antifa activists on the streets of Portland during a Saturday afternoon protest. The attackers wore black clothing and masks. They were engaging in a counter-protest against several right-wing groups, including the Proud Boys.
Andy attended the protest as a journalist, covering the event. He is known for documenting Antifa activities and has criticized their illiberal tactics on Fox News. On his Twitter bio, he writes that he is hated by Antifa.
According to a video shared by Jim Ryan, who is also a reporter, it shows Andy being punched and kicked by masked protestants dressed in black and then being hit by various containers of liquid as he is retreating.
First skirmish I’ve seen. Didn’t see how this started, but @MrAndyNgo got roughed up. pic.twitter.com/hDkfQchRhG
— Jim Ryan (@Jimryan015) June 29, 2019
Andy on his Twitter account said he was bleeding and that the attackers had stolen his camera equipment. He also did a live stream describing the assault.
https://t.co/B8Gh4KQxFS
He was later taken to the hospital update on his GoFundMe page read; “UPDATE 7:15pm Eastern: Andy is in the ER with a trusted friend. Attackers tore his ear lobe and you can see the injuries he sustained to his face and neck.”
According to lawyer Harmeet Dhillon, he is “admitted to the hospital overnight as a result of a brain bleed.”
Update to @MrAndyNgo supporters — he is being admitted to the hospital overnight as a result of a brain bleed. You sick “journalists” and other hacks gloating about this should be ashamed. As for the rest, please pray for @MrAndyNgo who we need back in health — brave man!🙏🏼🙏🏼🙏🏼❤️ https://t.co/XYVy4EbIzv
— Harmeet K. Dhillon (@pnjaban) June 30, 2019
What is Antifa
Antifa is a sort form of anti-fascists. It refers to a broad group of people whose political beliefs lean toward the left — often the far left — but do not conform with the Democratic Party platform.
Many members of the group support oppressed populations and protest the amassing of wealth by corporations and elites. According to CNN majority of the members “don’t fall into a stereotype. Since the election of President Donald Trump, however, most new Antifa members are young voters.”
The exact origin of the group is unknown but it can be traced to Nazi Germany and Anti-Fascist Action, a militant group founded in the 1980s in the United Kingdom.
Most of the members dress head to toe in black. Members call this the “Black Bloc.” They also wear masks to conceal their identities from the police and whomever they are protesting.
The group has been known for causing damage to property during protests. One person who was involved with Antifa for almost 30 years, said members use violence as a means of self-defence and they believe property destruction does not equate to violence.
“There is a place for violence. Is that the world that we want to live in? No. Is it the world we want to inhabit? No. Is it the world we want to create? No. But will we push back? Yes.”
Brian Levin, director of the Center for the Study of Hate and Extremism at California State University, San Bernardino, said Antifa activists feel the need to partake in violence because “they believe that elites are controlling the government and the media. So they need to make a statement head-on against the people who they regard as racist. There’s this ‘It’s going down’ mentality and this ‘Hit them with your boots’ mentality that goes back many decades to confrontations that took place, not only here in the American South, but also in places like Europe.”
Andy Ngo GoFundMe
A GoFundMe page was created by Michelle Malkin, who is a far-right activist, on behalf of Andy Ngo. The money is meant for his “his security and medical needs, and to help him replace his stolen equipment.”
Michelle also wrote; “I said during my CPAC speech earlier this year that we need to stand with those reporting and fighting on the front lines. Andy is one of the intrepid journalists doing the job no one else will do.
I’ve been in touch with him and he has given me the green light to create this fund. All funds will help him continue his invaluable work. We need him back in action ASAP.”
The goal for the page was $50,000 and at the time of publication, the amount had already exceeded and was at more than $62,000.
Andy’s lawyer also appreciated Michelle’s effort to support Andy.
Thank you @michellemalkin for supporting our client @MrAndyNgo after organized felony assault on him while the impotent @PortlandPolice stood by & let it happen. Andy is a gay journalist with tremendous integrity and courage, in the ER right now. This is un-American — must stop. https://t.co/W9QAPmq0Av
Andy Ngo YouTube
Andy Ngo Twitter
Tweets by MrAndyNgo
Andy NgAndy Ngo CareerAndy Ngo JournalistAndy Ngo LinkedInAndy Ngo WikipediaAntifa Attacks JournalistAntifa Attacks ReporterQuilette Bias
Jeon Mi Seon Wiki, Bio, Age, Husband, Movies and TV Shows, Death, Cause of Death (Suicide)
Who Is Haley Adams (Portland Patriot Prayer Member) Wiki, Bio, Age, Him Too, Facebook
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X Stories
Filmato Prodotto
Scattato con X
Anushka Menon (India)
Anushka is a combination of many things, being the first female fashion & beauty photographer to come out of India at the young age of 21 when female photographers were nowhere to be seen was just one of her many accomplishments.
Anushka is not your typical Photographer ! “I don’t particularly like having just one title, because that really does not sum up who i am. “
She is one of India’s Leading Fashion & Beauty Photographers and has since travelled the world shooting for both local and international leading brands and is now being represented by The Jigisha Bouverat Collective in the USA.
Anushka is part of a generation working towards having more females photographers behind the camera and has paved the way for many young female photographers to follow their dreams and also inspired and influenced the new generation of creatives not just in her field but many others and thats because she herself is not just a photographer but also a dancer, aerialist, yogi, Dj, and musician! There are many personalities that make up this creative artist.
Being a minority in an industry that is still dominated by males Anushka has a different perspective to offer and not just that of a woman but also her unique approach to shooting and having being brought up abroad her visual approach captured the attention of major publications, designers and brands in India. After 13 years of being in the business, Anushka has worked and collaborated with the very best in her home country and her portfolio now extends to the west.
Having lived abroad for 18 years before returning to India, her views and ideas of her birth place are approached differently and this can be seen in her work. Her outlook on Indian Fashion and beauty always has and still has a very western approach allowing her imagery to mix both the old and new, the traditional and the contemporary.
Anushka’s Photography has a very fluid mannerism and this can be seen with her bold imagery and style, her use of colour, composition and choice of subjects.
Anushuka Menon (India)
Beauty Portrait & Commercial
Anushuka Menon(India)
HOMEX-PhotographersAnushka Menon
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Getting to gigabit Internet without fiber
Gigabit Internet over fiber-optic cable came to my neighborhood six months ago. And though I’m paying more than I’d like to for the service, I’m a happy camper.
But I live in Seattle, a densely packed, high-tech city. What about all the smaller communities that want to support local business and residents with gigabit Internet but don’t have enough customers to tempt private-sector companies into laying fiber?
Santa Cruz, Calif., like a number of other smaller communities around the country decided to move to municipal broadband, with the city providing the infrastructure and partnering with a private-sector partner to deliver the services. According to J. Guevara, the city’s economic development manager, there was, however, an additional problem to solve: The city couldn’t get underground fiber all the way to customers quickly enough.
Santa Cruz’s solution was to turn to a network of millimeter-wave radios to deliver the last leg of service at gigabit speeds. Partnering with Siklu Communications, which makes the radios, and Cruzio, the local Internet service provider, the city will position radios in 17 locations throughout the city, primarily on rooftops, to deliver gigabit speeds to customers.
Guevara stresses that the solution is a temporary one -- for two reasons. “First, obviously we’re going to run out of rooftop space,” he said. “You can’t do that through the whole city.”
The other limitation is that, in addition to have relatively limited range, millimeter-wave radios are sensitive to weather conditions. Noting that public services can’t rely on connectivity that may be erratic during bad weather, Guevara said, “the millimeter wave is a really strong redundancy, but not necessarily the primary means to serve the entire city, especially for public safety.”
And indeed, the city plans to lay fiber-optic cables in stages to eventually create a 100-percent underground network. To that end, the city is proposing a 30-year lease-revenue bond to provide the fiber infrastructure. The city is responsible for building the dark fiber Layer 1 network, and Cruzio handles the Layer 2 electronics, the Layer 3 Internet backhaul and providing the actual service, Guevara said.
In the meantime, Guevara said, the wireless radios provide “a taste of what fiber at gigabit speeds feels like” for community and government services.
The city is planning a 12-week rollout of the hybrid network that will begin before the end of the month. “It’s a great role for municipal government to fill that gap in an inefficient marketplace,” he added. When the fiber-optic network is complete, the city will have “50 years or more of quality infrastructure. And from what we know, fiber is still future proof.”
Guevara noted that Chattanooga, Tenn., which recently began to offer 10-gigabit Internet to customers, only had to switch out the electronics because it had already built out a fiber-optic infrastructure. “Once that glass is in the ground, you are good for all the amazing stuff that we can’t even predict,” he said.
That’s why Guevara sees the city’s deployment of millimeter-wave wireless as a short-term, but invaluable, solution. “Logging into millimeter wave is great for lowering costs in the early rollout, but it’s not the best, conservative infrastructure choice,” he said. “It’s a great technology that can reduce costs and can get you into the areas that don’t make sense for fiber.”
This column was changed April 27 to correct Chattanooga's Internet speed.
Posted by Patrick Marshall on Apr 26, 2016 at 7:09 AM
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JEDI and C2E: Is it worth comparing the DOD and ODNI cloud plans?
The intelligence community's top IT official said that DOD is "where we were five years ago" when the CIA opted to pursue a single vendor, single cloud solution.
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The Best Lines from The Good Place S03E06: ‘The Ballad of Donkey Doug’
George Prax The Good Place, TV Reviews October 26, 2018 5 Minutes
After The Good Place shook up its premise yet again in last week’s incredible episode, it seems like the show has, for now, chosen to settle in with this new direction they’ve decided to take. With the Study Group coming to terms with their own doomed existence (after they accidentally find out about the afterlife, thus disqualifying them from accumulating any more Good Place/Bad Place points), they’ve decided to dedicate what remains of their lives to helping others find their way onto the right path and get into the Good Place. In other words, they’re being good people only for the sake of being good people. In this week’s episode, “The Ballad of Donkey Doug”, they choose to start close to home, in an episode that sees the group split in two.
Covering the episode’s title in the A-plot is Michael, Tahani and Jason, who travel to Jacksonville to help Jason’s father, who, in another twist, turns out to be Jason’s friend and the man who often sends Jason down the wrong path, Donkey Doug. They want to convince him to finish his electrician’s degree, but Donkey Doug is more concerned with his new business venture, a body spray/energy drink two-in-one combo (three-in-one if you get the 24 hour lemon musk extreme, which also serves a lubricant). Jason and his cohorts eventually agree to listen to Doug’s idea and even help him, but unfortunately getting it off the ground involves robbing up to three factories. Jason eventually realizes that his father is a lost cause, so he shifts his attention to their friend Pillboi, who is already on a decent path working at an old folks’ home. They convince him to keep working there and stay away from Donkey Doug (as part of a secret NASA conspiracy, but whatever) before they move on to reconciling Tahani and her sister’s relationship at the end of the episode.
As for group B (Chidi, Eleanor and Janet), they’re tasked with finding a way for Chidi to break up with his girlfriend Simone, since he can’t risk her finding out what he and the others know, keeping in mind that Chidi’s moral code prevents him from lying. In order to practice, Janet builds a simulation machine using her knowledge of everything, in which Chidi goes through attempt after attempt of trying to break up with Simone in the perfect way without letting it slip that he knows about the afterlife. Despite all their attempts (and even one by Eleanor) the actual breakup goes pretty badly (Chidi hilariously yells “Ya dumped!” at Simone), but he later smooths things out with her.
Along with the twist at the end, revealing that Eleanor’s mother faked her death, it seems like this is what we’re in for for the next little while, at least until the show decides to shake things up again. And I can’t say that I’m disappointed. At this point, I’m all in with whatever Michael Schur decides to do with this show. He’s proven to be infallible with the premise of this show, and I’m not going to bother speculating where it could go next, because who could have predicted that the show about four people seemingly going to heaven would take so many twists and turns on its way to being this weird, hilarious version of Quantum Leap or The Littlest Hobo or whatever other show about strangers helping new people each week. And I’m sure we’ll be saying the same thing about wherever the show winds up going in a few episodes. Still, it’s interesting to see the show blow through so much plot. I’ve seen takes that suggest how last week’s episode could have been a perfect series finale for any other show, and yet The Good Place continues to chug along, as funny and relevant as ever.
I’m not sure if “The Ballad of Donkey Doug” had any moral or philosophical purpose, as previous episodes have had, but it was still as funny and compelling as ever, and so it gets 8 secret astronaut spies out of 10.
The Best Lines from this week’s episode of The Good Place:
Tahani Namedrops: Sting and Elon Musk.
Visual Gags: Jacksonville’s airport is dedicated to Randy “Macho Man” Savage, and Chidi dumps Simone at the “French Pressing Nemo Cafe”.
My favourite gag from his week’s episode has to be Tahani’s incredulity towards the fact that the infamous Donkey Doug is Jason’s father, but also great is the variety of Chidi’s attempts to break up with Simone, ranging from the one where he offers her a puppy, to the one where he just randomly proposes, to the one where Eleanor takes over Simone’s projection. Also great: Michael hardly being able to contain himself when he finds out his taxi is a monster truck.
Sad to see Kirby Howell-Baptiste (Simone) likely gone from the show, but considering the year she’s had (also appearing on Killing Eve, Barry and Love, among others) I doubt we’ll be missing her for very long.
Eleanor: “I thought she was intimidating. That’s why I shoved her into that creek.”
Janet: “Bing! I usually appear out of thin air and there would be a pleasant ‘bing’ sound but I don’t have my powers, so I’m doing my own bings now. Bing!”
Tahani/Jason: “The Donkey Doug who got banned from Disney World for biting Buzz Lightyear?” “In his defense, he thought it was someone else.” “Who!?”
Jason: “He created a sport that was a cross between dodgeball and horseshoes and everybody died.”
Donkey Doug: “How about you and I go check out my jacuzzi and put stuff in each other?”
Simone: “Who’s Janet and why are you screaming her name into the sky?”
Donkey Doug: “Me and Pillboi have been cooking up something special and this time it’s not fake meth.”
Pillboi: “Sharks, how much do you spend on energy drinks and body spray in one week? Three hundred? Ten hundred?”
Donkey Doug: “I’ll finally be able to pay to have my calf implants moved back up from my feet.”
Jason: “Double Trouble sounds amazing. We should big fast, the other sharks are gonna want in.”
Chidi: “No you don’t understand, I don’t technically love you. In the same way. Because of circumstances.”
Tahani: “There’s an awful lot of dog hair on the furniture but I’ve not seen a dog.”
Tahani: “Reach for the stars, as I said to my good friend Elon Musk. And then he shot his car into space. What a weird creep, why was I friends with him?”
Michael/Donkey Doug: “It’s not like he’s robbing a bank.” “Yeah, it’s a factory.”
Jason/Michael: “I have an idea but I need your help. Will you guys help me?” “I mean, yeah, that’s why we’re here, Jason.”
Chidi: “Ya dumped!”
Pillboi: “I gotta take off cause I gotta go do a robbery. I mean, I’m sick.”
Eleanor: “Can I use the simulator? There’s a very specific Lenny Kravitz concert I wanna be front row at.”
TV Quotes
Published by George Prax
View all posts by George Prax
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MARRI / @MARRI
Menu Life and Bioethics Marriage and Family Religion and Culture Radio Events Action Blog Store About
Audio of Rear Admiral Lee Addressing Regulations Restricting Religious Liberty
by FRC Media Office
In an emotional moment at last week's National Day of Prayer service, Coast Guard Rear Adm. William D. Lee stood at the microphone and said that he had 10 minutes of carefully prepared remarks ready but decided to "speak from the heart" instead. He told the story of so many servicemen searching for reasons to live, and talked about one 24-year-old who had tried to commit suicide and failed. Despite the protocol, Lee said he felt strongly that he should give the soldier a Bible. "The lawyers tell me that if I do that, I'm crossing the line," he told the crowd. "I'm so glad I've crossed that line so many times." To a standing ovation, Admiral Lee promised not to back down from "my right under the Constitution to tell a young man that there is hope."
Tags : National Day of Prayer Rear Adm. William Lee Religious Freedom
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Arms of Felice Rospigliosi
Blazon: Per pale azure six molets of as many points in pile argent within a bordure indented throughout of the first and the second and per quarterly or and azure, four lozenges counterchanged
The arms on the dexter half of the shield are those of the Altieri family. This may be due to the fact that Felice Rospigliosi, the brother of Pope Clement IX, was elevated to cardinal by Pope Clement X (born Emilio Altieri) in 1673.
Tagged bordure, coat of arms, Heraldry, Italy, lozenge, molet
Arms of the House of Rospigliosi
In use since 1200s?
Blazon: Per quarterly or and azure, four lozenges counterchanged
The Rospigliosi family originated from Milan, but moved to Pistoia in the late 12th century. In the later 1300s, the Rospigliosis became known for their involvement in the wool and cloth trades, as well as tax collection and spices. Their prestige only increased after Giulio Rospigliosi became Pope Clement IX in 1667.
Tagged coat of arms, Heraldry, Italy, lozenge
Arms of the House of Piccolomini
In use since at least 1324; variations dating back to 1055
Blazon: Argent on a cross azure five crescents or
Some sources place the origin of the family and the arms around 508 BCE, or even earlier during Roman times, but this is probably a fifteenth-century embellishment added after Enea Silvio Bartolomeo Piccolomini became Pope Pius II. From the Middle Ages through 1821, Piccolomini marriages were tightly controlled by a consortium to ensure that their considerable wealth and property stayed within the family. Two branches of the Piccolomini survive today – the Piccolomini Naldi Bandini and the Piccolomini Clementini Adami.
Tagged coat of arms, crescent, cross, Heraldry, Italy
Arms of the House of Petrucci
In use since 1413? (possibly earlier)
Blazon: Bendy dancetty or and azure, on a chief of the first an eagle displayed sable
The Petruccis ruled Siena from 1487 until 1529. The name is allegedly derived from the small stature of the founder of the house, Pietro d’Altomonte, who was called by the diminutive Petruccio. The eagle in the arms may be derived from the Marescotti coat of arms, as Pietro married Giulia Marescotti.
Tagged chief, coat of arms, eagle, Heraldry, Italy
Arms of the House of Montefeltro
In use since 1444?
Blazon: Bendy of six azure and or, on a chief of the last a double-headed eagle displayed sable, armed and crowned of the second
Around 1140, the family came into possession of a castle on the hill Mons Feretrius (Hill of Jupiter Feretrius), from which the family name is derived. It seems likely that they began using the eagle in their arms (sometimes on a chief, as seen here, and sometimes on one of the bends) when they were appointed Dukes of Urbino in 1444.
Tagged bendy, chief, coat of arms, eagle, Heraldry, Italy
Arms of Marie de’Medici
Blazon: Per quarterly I and IV o five torteaux in orle, in chief a roundel of France (Medici), II and III gules a fess argent (Austria)
These are Marie’s arms from before her marriage. In a classic example of quartering, the first and fourth quarters display the arms of her father, Francesco I de’Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany, while the second and third come from her mother, Archduchess Joanna of Austria. Since both parents were armigers, all of their children would have been entitled to bear their arms quartered. Upon marrying King Henry IV of France, she would have quartered his arms in the first and fourth quarters with the above arms in the second and third.
Tagged Austria, coat of arms, fess, Heraldry, Italy, roundel, torteaux
Arms of the House of Medici
In use 1465 – 1737
Blazon: Or five torteaux in orle, in chief a roundel of France
In 1465, King Louis XI of France granted Piero di Cosimo de’Medici (also known as Piero the Gouty) the right to bear a roundel of France as part of the family arms. The grant was apparently made out of respect for the family’s financial acumen rather than as a sign of political or familial affiliation. The Medici continued to bear these arms until they went extinct in 1737, when Gian Gastone de’Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany, died without issue.
Tagged coat of arms, fleur-de-lis, Heraldry, Italy, Medici, torteaux
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Dying for the Land
Posted by Harry Booyens in Land & Farm Murders, The US & South Africa
African National Congress (ANC), Donald Trump, Farm Attacks, South Africa
Democracy means Theft
—At least, that appears to be true in South Africa. The Western World patted itself on the back until it veritably “glowed in the dark” because it ground South Africa into the dirt until it submitted to “One Man One Vote” irrespective of any reality. Reality has now set in, and everyone now knows that the Black ANC-dominated South African parliament has voted for the property of white citizens to be expropriated without compensation by the State. That state is wholly under the control of Black people, and they are very clear about what they want. If the reader does not want to believe me, he or she can hear it HERE first hand. Those who have read AmaBhulu will understand what is going on.
Farm Attacks and Farm Murders
The ANC government, the Economic Freedom Fighters Party, and the Black First Land First (BLF) organization are all targeting white farmers. They passionately scream that White farmers must be driven off their farms because they have supposedly “stolen the land” or own a disproportionate fraction of land in the country.
In the process, the government airs numbers that have no relation to reality. The international media sheepishly and unquestioningly echoes these numbers. Normally that would not be a problem, but, because there are white South Africans involved, the generally left-leaning media of the Western World simply accepts what the Communist-dominated ANC has to say. In short, if there is a white man in the picture, he must be the bad guy in the eyes of the media. And you, dear reader, had better also not argue with the media, otherwise they will lambast you and call you a “racist”. And you, unless you have a spine, will crawl under your bed. All in all, if you are intelligent enough, you’ll realize it means you are onto something. Surely you understand that. If you don’t, then don’t bother reading further, because you are already lost.
The ANC government would have you believe that Julius Malema’s screams of “Kill the farmer! Kill the Boer” have nothing to do with the fact that white farmers are being physically attacked, tortured, and murdered in the most horrendous ways imaginable. At this time there are of the order of two attacks on SA farms per day and two murders per week. The graphic below gives some concept of the scope of the problem in teh first half of 2017.
For the ordinary reader to get some idea of what these farmers are facing, I invite him or her to go to Google Images (not Google) and simply enter the words “Farm attacks” or “farm murder”. Chances are 95% that clicking on the images will take you to a South African farm attack and associated murder. In fact, you can even omit the quotes. You do not even have to add “South Africa”, because the subject is synonymous with that tortured country and the fate of white people.
I mention this so that the reader can understand the very direct relationship between brazenly racist Black politicians calling for the government to steal the land of white farmers, and the deaths of those very same farmers. All they have to suggest is that “whites have stolen the land of the forefathers” and the killings will follow. In fact, the uneducated followers have no clue where the “land of the forefathers” supposedly was — the politicians certainly don’t seem to!
For reasons the intelligent reader would immediately demand to be clarified, the Government drowns itself in race-based statistics in order to conjure up reasons to steal from white people based on skin colour….. until the question of farm murders is aired, in which case they instruct the police not to report by race or to separate farm murders out as a type of crime.
Now why would someone so obsessed with race be trying to drown behind the Black murder statistics the murder rate of the roughly 35,000 farmers, pray tell? It really does not take a genius to figure that out. The Government suggests that it is because they do not attach different values to the lives of people of different skin color and that they do not want to make its seem as though white lives are more important.
Yeah right! Apparently they attach different values to the Human Rights of those folks. By this very transparent little manipulation, obvious to a five-year old, they seek to hide the world’s most extreme community PERCENTAGE MURDER RATE behind the number of murders among the ten times more numerous Blacks in the country. In American terms, it is the equivalent of trying to hide the murder rate of white Wyoming farmers among the Black-on-Black gun murders in Detroit. So, in the ANC’s world, everything should be proportionate to the number of people of any race– such as jobs, houses, land, etcetera–, but the murders of White people apparently do NOT qualify for that principle. The ANC suggests that this is to not be considered more serious than Black murders. Dear reader, please tell me you are more intelligent than to be misled by this abject eyewash. They want the murders of farmers to be disproportionately high so that they will flee their farms. It is that simple.
There are a few questions that any reasonable person would ask, yet they are typically NOT asked. So let me pose them where everyone can see them:
Why steal from one of the smallest economic sectors?
The Answer?: Because the farmers are white.
According to the CIA Factbook, the Agricultural sector of South Africa represents 2.8% of the National GDP. If this Legalised Land Theft and Farm Murder effort is aimed at Black people getting richer, then why steal from just 2.8% of the GDP? Why kill the people who run such a small sector? And why are there so many farm attacks in which hardly anything is actually stolen? And why is it necessary to torture farmers to death instead of mercifully executing them.
Since the aspirant black landowners cannot eat the land itself, have near zero ability to farm it commercially, and mostly just simply ruin the agriculture once they own that land, why the preoccupation with white men owning the land? Why not complain about white men owning cars, or rental homes, or hotels, or anything else on the entire rest of the “Monopoly(TM) Playboard” of the country. After all, the game of Monopoly(TM) does not even have a square for “farming estate” on its board. See for yourself. It is not economically significant enough. But it does put the food on the table for everyone. And most of that food is eaten by Black people.
Why focus on stealing one fifth of the land?
The Answer?: Because it is the fraction the white farmers have.
The ANC government’s own 2017 report states that individual white farmers (the people being murdered and threatened with expropriation) own 26.8 million hectares ( See page 08 of that report). The CIA World Factbook gives the surface area of South Africa as being 122 million hectares. That means the white farmers own only 21.8% of the surface area. That is around a fifth of the surface area of the country.
Most of the surface area that white farmers own actually looks like the following image, being a picture of the Southern Karoo just outside the little village of Prince Albert in the Western Cape province? My own father grew up on a farm nearby.
I guess CNN never told you it looked like that, eh? The good folks from Southern Arizona and Southern Nevada would feel at home there, don’t you think? Yet these much maligned farmers have found a way to make that land agriculturally useful. They sank boreholes and put up wind pumps and figured out that one could practice animal husbandry based on merino sheep and, where it is even drier, Karakul, or on mohair goats. The farms are huge because the carrying capacity of that land is abysmally low. According to the Elsenburg agricultural scientists, a single ewe requires a grazing patch of 8 hectares (roughly 200 yards by 400 yards) of the Central Karoo in the dry west of the country; and the farmers run their mohair goats on drier land than that.
The large farms in the west certainly help the ANC government stack the numbers, eh? “See how much land the white farmers have!…monsters…racists! etc . etc.” How about the aspirant Black farmers rush over there and show us how they make it a success? C’mon, I triple dare them. They would not just fail; they would likely die out there.
What no one tells you, is that there have never in history really been black people there, because their indigenous culture was based on milk and milk-derivatives. For that, one needs cows, and for cows one needs long grass. And that typically requires more than 350mm (around 14 inches) of summer rainfall. That only falls east of a line that runs roughly through Port Elizabeth on the South Coast and Windhoek, the capital of Namibia. Go there and see for yourself. Meanwhile, the map below shows the line (click to enlarge).
Now why would the ANC government tell you this if it damages their propaganda? You have to do homework to find that out, see? They’re not going to help you find the truth. They are counting on keeping Americans, in particular, ignorant. The following map shows the line mentioned above. It is from my series, Who stole the Land?
If one removes from contention the two provinces where there have always been for the above reason very few Black people, the Northern Cape and Western Cape, then the surface area that remains according to the government’s own report is 71.8 million hectares. In the remaining area white farmers own 12.5 million hectares of that 71.8 million. That is 17.4%. And yes, the two provinces fall largely west of the line described above. Only the far northeastern corner of the Northern Cape Province historically (as in “during the early 1800s”) had Black Ba’Tswana people.
One can also remove the Free State Province (Freezing Winter Prairie) from contention, because it never had major Black homeland territories and never was populated by major segments of Black population, but the b\Black Ba’Sotho people are now the majority. After all, how many National Geographic pictures do you remember of half-naked Black people standing in snow in Africa?
So, if we remove the Free State, the remaining territory is 58.8 million hectares (around half of the country) of which white farmers own 8.7 million hectares. This is just 14.8%. One could similarly, and with very good justification, remove the western segment of the Eastern Cape province, in which case the numbers drop even further. That 350mm rainfall line runs right through that province.
Why not give Black people land from the remaining 78.2%?
The Answer: Because that would not hurt the white farmers, and driving white farmers off the land is what this is about.
In fact, that percentage is 85.2% if one excludes the Northern Cape, Western Cape and Free State, as done above. So why this preoccupation with the particular little slice of land owned by individual white farmers? Because they are white, that’s why! Where I come from, that is called R-A-C-I-S-M. I guess the Western media considers it normal, because they do not address it.
So, maybe we should investigate why the ANC government is trying so exceptionally hard to make the world focus on just 14.8-21.8% of the surface of South Africa owned by individual white farmers. Could it be that they are hiding something? Now why would I be thinking that? Let us see……
How much land is controlled by the ANC Government?
The Answer?: The government controls 22.4 million hectares and the white farmers merely 8.7 million hectares in the Contested Provinces in the Northeast of the Country, the part of the country that historically had Black people.
We are fortunate that the Afriforum organization has done an excellent job of analyzing all these land matters in detail; excruciating detail, in fact. They use a total surface area of 122.9 million hectares for the country. This shifts all the above percentages down by around 0.8%. We can all live with that small discrepancy, because it does not change any argument. Their detailed numbers show that the ANC government controls 24.03% of the land surface area of the country (See Table 10 of the document). That amounts to 29.5 million hectares. The vast majority of the old Black Homeland surface owned by the government falls in the group of provinces that excludes the Northern Cape, Western Cape, and Free State. We shall call those remaining provinces the “Contested Provinces”.
We can limit the consideration to the Contested Provinces. In those provinces, the individual white farmers, as we have seen, own 8.7 million hectares. The government, on the other hand, owns 22.4 million hectares in the same provinces (the same Table 10 applies).
Let us be reasonable and subtract from the government’s figure those areas that are protected, because no one on earth wants to see the Kruger National Park dragged into this debate. When we remove protected areas from the government figure, it becomes 19.7 million hectares (Table 10 yet again).
The following map taken from the Afriforum report, with provincial borders overlaid, shows where these government-owned lands actually are.
So, why exactly steal the 8.7 million hectares owned by individual white farmers in the Contested Provinces, when the government has practically 20 million hectares available in those areas.
But wait! The government does not just want to steal THAT land! They want the right to nationalize ALL LAND. That is in keeping with the African Tribal Culture, in which the land is collectively owned and the chief doles it out at a whim. Where have we heard that concept before?…Oh yes! From the Russians and the Chinese. They called it Communism and we all know what THAT did, don’t we? The Cubans are still stuck with it. Much good that has done them.
Then why is no one shouting “Kill the Blacks!“?
The Answer?: Because they are not white and the ANC wants white people out of the country. Ramaphosa used land seizure without compensation this year in order to get made president by the ANC.
The obvious question is, why are these politicians and their minions targeting the white farmers? Why is it that they are not instead screaming “Kill the ANC! Kill the amaXhosa (Mandela’s people)! Kill the amaZulu (Jacob Zuma’s people)! Kill the amaSwazi! Kill the amaShangaan! Kill the Ba’Tswana! Kill the Ba’Sotho! Kill the Ba’Venda (president Cyril Ramaphosa’s people)!” OR, most particularly “Kill the Ba’Pedi!“, Julius Malema’s people? It is he (below) who was in court for shouting “Kill the farmers!“. After all, the land controlled by the government includes most of the surface area of the old “Apartheid” homelands for exactly those individual nations. These people are all collectively known in Africa as the Ba’Ntu ethnic group, all the way up into Central Africa. No one is shouting “Kill the Blacks! Kill the Ba’Ntu!“. Why exactly is that, considering they have so much land?
In terms of the numbers above, those attacking the farmers have at least 19.7/8.7×100=226%, or more than twice as much justification in attacking the government and its largely Ba’Ntu supporters. For every hectare owned by a white farmer in the contested northeast of the country, the government controls 2.26 hectares which they could give to those who scream “Kill the farmer! Kill the Whites!“.
The answer is that these people are brazenly racist and want white people, who have been in South Africa since the 1650s, out of the country. They have no legitimate basis on which to do that, so they are banging this hollow drum about land ownership and supposed disproportionate ownership. And they are taking you, the reader, for a fool.
Can White farmers buy land in those Homeland areas?
The Answer: NO! It is only for Black people. Go figure!
Pray tell, how exactly is this not racist? If the argument is that the particular nations have lived there for a long time, then the farmers’ argument is that they have lived in their own farming area for a long time also. In fact, the Shangaan people (protected by the Gazankulu homeland) arrived in South Africa in 1860 AFTER the white people settled in around 1840 in the far northern Transvaal in what is now the Limpopo province.
So, if you are Black, you are safe as regards your land. But, if you are white, you are not, simply because your skin is white.
What do these tribal lands look like?
While we’re about it, we should perhaps check into what these tribal lands actually look like. The Western Media told ignorant Europeans and Americans for decades that these were desolate dusty dumping grounds for Black people being “evicted” by “nasty racist” white people. Hopefully the following picture, when contrasted with the picture near the top of this article, will tell the reader the actual truth. It shows the Transkei Homeland of Mandela’s amaXhosa people. Whites cannot buy that land. Pretty wet, eh? Now see the picture of Prince Albert again near the top of the article. I personally took both pictures; the one below at the height of apartheid in the 1970s, when the area was the supposed “dumping ground”. It also shows the reader what is meant by “Subsistence Farming”, a concept that most Americans simply seem not to comprehend — planting just for family consumption. This is it; take a good look. In reality, they mainly rely on the cows that are not in the picture.
How about the homeland area for the Lobedu tribe in the old Eastern Transvaal, shown below. It is in what is now the Limpopo province. This is the kingdom of the Rain Queen— the Modjadji. The British author, H. Rider Haggard, wrote his novel series “She”, supposedly inspired by her in the late 1800s. Wet country, eh? Shall we discuss the carrying capacity of THOSE two areas. What say you?
Is it not amazing how these “desolate dumping grounds” have mysteriously morphed into the playing grounds of the rich and the favoured destinations of the eco-tourists? How about you just go to Google Images and enter “Wild Coast”. Most of those pictures are from the South African Wild Coast, the coast of the primary “desolate dumping ground”. May I suggest another look at the picture near Prince Albert; the one near the top of this article …. the one that shows what the bulk of the white farming territory in the West looks like?
What happens if farmland is given to black communities?
The Answer: It is sterilized economically, but that has little to do with skin colour.
The evidence for the consequences of land transfer is so overwhelmingly clear that it can be seen from space!! For this, we turn to Google Maps.
In THIS Google Maps satellite map (also shown labeled below) one sees the Kingdom of Lesotho, a wholly Black run country surrounded by South Africa. Lesotho got its independence from Britain in 1966. It was never run by white people and was not part of South Africa. It has been a separate country since the mid 1800s and has always been run by the indigenous Sotho people or Ba’Sotho. Today, however, most Sotho people live in South Africa (go figure!). In American terms, the “Mexicans have taken over Southern Arizona and Nevada despite having their own country.” Same story; different players.
Take a good look. That is in fact the western border of Lesotho that is demarcated by so much land abuse and destruction on the Lesotho side that the degradation is literally visible from space. In the north, the border is mostly formed by the Caledon River, a tributary of the Orange River. It is from space that the damage becomes evident.
To the south and southwest, a section of the abuse extends into South Africa in the vicinity of Sterkspruit, immediately south of the Orange River. That piece of land used to be part of the Transkei Homeland of the amaXhosa people. So, this destruction, abuse, and neglect is not unique to the Sotho people or any skin colour. It is a consequence of the subsistence lifestyle of the indigenous Black people, the overgrazing, the lack of land management, and the ever-present all-consuming goats. It is not that the people are bad or stupid; it is just that their concept of land is that it is something one uses for subsistence. Most of them do not actually farm as any Westerner would understand the term! It is not done with the aim of selling anything. Lesotho is actually more of a positive exception in this regard, but the land is marginal and they don’t manage it well enough. And so it succumbs.
Basically, if these folks touch marginal agricultural land, it turns into barren earth. What the cattle don’t consume, the goats strip away (they’ll climb a tree to do that), and then the people burn what is left of any trees as firewood. And then they say they are living in a desert dumping ground and White people are to blame. And then “bleeding heart” Americans and Canadians keel over and send money. How cute! How nice! …..and how ridiculous!
Zebediela in the Limpopo province was the poster child of Land Transfer. As THIS article points out, 80% of all these “land restitution” deals fail miserably. In fact, Zebediela was once the largest citrus farm in the world. The Black community to whom it was given ran it into the ground.
Welcome to Africa! Now please go think again about all this. After reading this you cannot plead ignorance.
And the Position of Reputable Organizations?
The respected Institute for Race Relations in South Africa has been scathing about the infamous government report used as basis for the Land Grab; its inaccuracies, its brazen slant, and its obfuscation. They have also pointed out the massive transfer of land that has already taken place from white farmers to the gvernment. Their surveys have shown that only a tiny minority of Black people consider the matter of land important and that jobs are the burning issue. We shall address the IRR reports in more detail in a later article, because they are worthy of more attention.
And the Formal Western Media?
Perhaps you prefer to believe CNN as your source of news about South Africa in 2018. Read the text in the linked article about land expropriation without compensation. You will find it under “Challenges facing Ramaphosa“. Then wait for Christiana Amanpour, a person I used to have respect for, to ask the new president about this in the video, given it was actually his election platform! You are way more likely to see a scene where she licks his feet. Don’t tell me you expected the actual news from CNN after what happened between them and President Trump. But she does find time to lambast the US president, the only reason CNN still seems to exist. Somehow, talking to the man who became president of South Africa on the basis of a ticket promising the theft of land from white people does NOT prompt her to ask about that. How exactly is that journalism?
THAT is the US formal media for you. You cannot trust them to report the present weather outside your window, let alone matters of life and death. Americans are better off getting rid of their Cable service.
And the United States Government?
It is time for the United States Congress and the President of the United States to take notice of this intense situation in South Africa. They were outraged by Black people dying in South Africa in 1960. They slapped comprehensive sanctions on the country in the 1980s for much less; this against the wishes of President Reagan who actually knew what was truthfully happening. Where exactly are they now? This is a matter of Foreign Affairs, and President Trump has primary jurisdiction in that domain. Secretary of State Mike Pompeo needs to be made aware of this situation and financial sanctions need to be brought against the individuals in South Africa who perpetuate this outrage against humanity.
Here is what needs to happen.
I do not want South Africa to be hurt economically, and I do not want ordinary South Africans of any colour to suffer, but the international finances and accounts of the perpetrators of this outrage should be seized and international travel bans slapped on them, just as the US has done with certain Russians and Iranians. US companies should be kept from doing any business with them. It is time for the ANC and EFF to feel pain for their actions. Nowhere else on earth do people scream from a political platform that others should be murdered on the basis of skin color. Why is it acceptable for Black people and politicians in South Africa to sing excitedly about killing White people while the White Christian farmers are being murdered and tortured to death? President Trump has already said that South Africa is “a total —and very dangerous—mess“. So, he cannot plead ignorance. Surely, by now the CIA must be telling him the truth about the place during one of his daily briefings.
And the White South African Farmers themselves?
They are exactly where they need to be in Africa. Like Leonardo DiCaprio’s character in this scene from Blood Diamond, they are of Africa, the soil of Africa is in their blood, and their blood is in the African soil. But like his character, they are being killed even as they are securing the future of Africa.
Six myths about land reform by Mark Oppenheimer
—Harry Booyens
2 thoughts on “Dying for the Land”
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Tag Archives: IOActive
Has New York’s traffic light system been HACKED? Researcher claims to be able to control Manhattan traffic (and says the same technique will work around the world)
Researcher claims to be able to control light patterns in Manhattan
Say technique can be used in all major cities
Uses special $4,000 router to control traffic sensors embedded in roads
A security expert claims to have uncovered a major flaw in the traffic system in in major cities around the world including London and New York.
Cesar Cerrudo, an Argentinian security researcher with IoActive, says he can control traffic lights and even reroute traffic. Continue reading →
Comments Off on Has New York’s traffic light system been HACKED? Researcher claims to be able to control Manhattan traffic (and says the same technique will work around the world) Posted in Cyberwarfare, Espionage, Great Britain, National Security & Terrorism, Politics, USA Tagged Cesar Cerrudo, cheap hardware, control systems, exploit, fake data, Great Britain, hacker, Has New York's traffic light system been HACKED? Researcher claims to be able to control Manhattan traffic (and says the same technique will work around the world), ICS-CERT, IOActive, London, Los Angeles, National Security & Terrorism, New York, re-route traffic, San Francisco, Sensys Networks, traffic control systems, traffic lights, traffic sensors, United States, VDS240, vulnerabilities, Washington DC, wireless vehicle detection systems
This Is Not a Test: Emergency Broadcast Systems Proved Hackable
Posted by aurelius77 on July 9, 2013
As was written in a book ahead of it’s time (1987), “Spetsnaz. The Story Behind the Soviet SAS”, has now come to fruition.
The following is a sample from the book:
I do not know how or when World War Three will start. I do not know exactly how the Soviet high command plans to make use of spetsnaz in that war: the first world war in which spetsnaz will be a major contributor. I do not wish to predict the future. In this chapter I shall describe how spetsnaz will be used at the beginning of that war as I imagine it. It is not my task to describe what will happen. But I can describe what might happen.
The last month of peace, as in other wars, has an almost palpable air of crisis about it. Incidents, accidents, small disasters add to the tension. Two trains collide on a railway bridge in Cologne because the signalling system is out of order. The bridge is seriously damaged and there can be no traffic over it for the next two months.
On 12 August, at 0558 local time, a van comes to a halt on the vast empty parking lot in front of a supermarket in Washington. Three men open the doors of the van, roll out the fuselage of a light aircraft and attach its wings. A minute later its motor bursts into life. The plane takes off and disappears into the sky. It has no pilot. It is controlled by radio with the aid of very simple instruments, only slightly more complicated than those used by model aircraft enthusiasts. The plane climbs to about 200 metres and immediately begins to descend in the direction of the White House. A minute later a mighty explosion shakes the capital of the United States. The screaming of sirens on police cars, fire engines and ambulances fills the city.
Three minutes later a second plane sweeps across the centre of the city and there is a second explosion in the place where the White House once stood. The second plane has taken off from a section of highway under construction, and has a quite different control system. Two cars with radio beacons in them have been left earlier in the middle of the city. The beacons have switched on automatically a few seconds before the plane’s take-off. The automatic pilot is guided by the two beacons and starts to descend according to a previously worked-out trajectory. The second plane has been sent off by a second group operating independently of the first one.
It was a simple plan: if the first plane did not destroy the White House the second would. If the first plane did destroy the White House then a few minutes later all the heads of the Washington police would be near where the explosion had taken place. The second plane would kill many of them.
At 0606 all radio and television channels interrupt their normal programmes and report the destruction of the White House and the possible death of the President of the United States.
At 0613 the programme known as Good Morning America is interrupted and the Vice-President of the USA appears. He announces a staggering piece of news: there has been an attempt to seize power in the country on the part of the leaders of the armed forces. The President of the United States has been killed. The Vice-President appeals to everyone in the armed forces to remain where they are and not to carry out any orders from senior officers for the next twenty-four hours, because the orders would be issued by traitors shortly to be removed from their posts and arrested.
Soon afterwards many television channels across the country cease transmitting….
Several models of Emergency Alert System decoders, used to break into TV and radio broadcasts to announce public safety warnings, have vulnerabilities that would allow hackers to hijack them and deliver fake messages to the public, according to an announcement by a security firm on Monday.
The vulnerabilities included a private root SSH key that was distributed in publicly available firmware images that would have allowed an attacker with SSH access to a device to log in with root privileges and issue fake alerts or disable the system. Continue reading →
Comments Off on This Is Not a Test: Emergency Broadcast Systems Proved Hackable Posted in Barack Obama, Cyberwarfare, Espionage, Military, Military History, National Security & Terrorism, Politics, Soviet Union, USA, War Tagged Amber alert, application servers, California, civil authorities, cyber warfare, DASDEC-I, DASDEC-II, decoders, disable system, disasters, EAS, EAS network, Emergency Alert System, Emergency Broadcast System, Espionage, fake alerts, fake messages, firmware, hackers, hijack, internet, IOActive, KENW, KRTV, Michigan, Mike Davis, Montana, national crisis, National Security & Terrorism, network, New Mexico, PBS, politics, Portales, President John F. Kennedy, President of the United States, public safety warnings, radio broadcasts, re-engineering, root SSH key, SAS, servers, Spetsnaz, Spetsnaz. The Story Behind the Soviet SAS, Steve Wilkos, talk show, This Is Not a Test: Emergency Broadcast Systems Proved Hackable, TV broadcasts, United States, Utah, vulnerabilities, War, Washington, weather emergencies, White House, World War III, zombie apocalypse
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← Archived 2018 topic: Giant Sunbird (Dreptes thomensis): revise global status?
Archived 2018 topic: Principe White-eye (Zosterops ficedulinus): revise global status? →
Archived 2018 topic: Giant Weaver (Ploceus grandis): revise global status?
Posted on May 11, 2018 by James Westrip (BirdLife)
Giant Weaver (Ploceus grandis) is endemic to the island of São Tomé, São Tomé and Príncipe, occurring throughout a range of habitat types from forest and plantations to degraded habitats, although seldom in savanna (Craig 2018). Recent surveys even resulted in more records in both non-forest habitats and plantations than primary and secondary forest combined (de Oliveira Soares 2017). As such, habitat loss and degradation as a result of the growth of small farms on the island has not been thought to having a significant effect on the species and the population is currently considered to be stable. Thus the species is currently listed as Least Concern (see BirdLife International 2018b).
The species has been described as common (Fry and Keith 2004), but recent survey work only found the species at a limited number of sites (268 out of 3,056 point counts) (de Oliveira Soares 2017). Additionally, it has been suggested that the species’s tolerance for degraded habitats may actually bring it more into contact with direct anthropogenic pressures and habitat alterations (R. F. de Lima in litt. 2018). Therefore, the species has been reassessed here against all criteria.
Criterion A – It has been suggested that if the species were declining it could warrant listing under this criterion (R. F. de Lima in litt. 2018). However, we would need to more accurately assess the species against threshold population reductions to see whether this is the case.
The main threat to the species appears to be habitat loss, yet it seems to be very tolerant of degraded habitats. Its tolerance of degraded habitats may bring it more into contact with introduced predators such as House Rats (Rattus rattus), but it is highly uncertain whether such predators are having an impact on the species at all. Therefore, even if it were to be considered to be in decline, there is insufficient evidence to suggest that it would even approach the threshold for Vulnerable under this criterion (reduction of 30% over 3 generations [12 years]). Thus, the species does not warrant listing under this criterion based on current information.
Criterion B – The species has a restricted range (Extent of Occurrence = 970km2), and forest habitats are being degraded within its range. However, it is not reliant on primary forest, frequently occurring in degraded habitat types (Craig 2018) and in fact a greater proportion of sightings were made by de Oliveira Soares (2017) in both plantations and non-forest habitats than primary and secondary forest combined. Therefore, it is uncertain whether such impacts on forest are significantly impacting the species. The species could be being affected by introduced predators, but at the moment there is insufficient evidence to say they are having any impact, and as such the impact of this potential threat is essentially unknown. Additionally, the species is not thought to undergo extreme fluctuations, is not severely fragmented, and likely occurs at considerably more than 10 locations*. Thus, it would not warrant listing under this criterion.
Criterion C – Survey work by de Oliveira Soares (2017) found the species at only 268 out of 3,056 point counts, which is similar to species with a population size estimated in the range 250-999 mature individuals, such as Sao Tome Scops-owl (Otus hartlaubi) (see BirdLife International 2018a). However, the species has been described as common across the island (Fry and Keith 2004, Craig 2018), and so it could be that the species is more abundant than this. Looking at the population size range bands employed by IUCN, taking into account descriptions of abundance and using population densities estimates for congeners (admittedly all continental species), then it could be appropriate to place the population size in the range 1,000-2,499 mature individuals. We do request further information and comment regarding this though.
This would then meet the threshold population size for Endangered under criterion C. To be listed under this criterion does still require further conditions to be met, in addition to being at least inferred as undergoing a continuing decline. We cannot assess the species against criterion C1 as we have no direct estimate of any potential population trends, and the species is not thought to undergo extreme fluctuations so does not warrant listing under criterion C2b.
The species likely occurs in only one subpopulation so it could then warrant listing under C2a(ii) as long as the species is inferred to be in decline. However, the evidence available is not particularly strong regarding this. The species is tolerant of habitat degradation, and was seen more often in plantations and non-forest habitat by de Oliveira Soares (2017). Therefore, we cannot infer a population decline based on loss of forest habitat. R. F. de Lima (in litt. 2018) suggests that its tolerance of degraded habitats may bring it into greater proximity to anthropogenic impacts, but again this is more circumstantial evidence and in effect the impact of other threats is unknown. Thus, it likely does not warrant listing as threatened under this criterion, and in the absence of evidence of any ongoing declines the population trend may warrant listing as stable. We could though still potentially list the species as Near Threatened under criterion C2a(ii) as a precautionary measure given the uncertainty over population trends, such that if clearer evidence becomes available to support the idea of a declining population then the species would warrant listing under a threatened category.
Criterion D – Its range is not sufficiently restricted to warrant listing under criterion D2, but with a population estimate of 1,000-2,499 mature individuals, the species would approach the threshold for Vulnerable under criterion D1. Therefore, it would warrant listing as Near Threatened under this criterion.
Criterion E – To the best of our knowledge no quantitative analysis of extinction risk has been conducted for this species. Therefore, it cannot be assessed against this criterion.
Therefore, it is proposed that Giant Weaver be listed as Near Threatened under at least criterion D1, and potentially also C2a(ii). Any insights on the population size or thoughts on whether the species is declining would be valuable, as are comments in support of the proposed change in status as these allow the timely acceptance of a proposal. However, please note that this topic is not designed to be a general discussion about the ecology of the species, rather a discussion of the species’ Red List status. Therefore, please make sure your comments are relevant to the discussion outlined in the topic.
*Note that the term ‘location’ defines a geographically or ecologically distinct area in which a single threatening event can rapidly affect all individuals of the taxon present. The size of the location depends on the area covered by the threatening event and may include part of one or many subpopulations. Where a taxon is affected by more than one threatening event, location should be defined by considering the most serious plausible threat (IUCN 2001, 2012).
BirdLife International. 2018a. Species factsheet: Otus hartlaubi. Downloaded from http://www.birdlife.org on 02/03/2018.
BirdLife International. 2018b. Species factsheet: Ploceus grandis. Downloaded from http://www.birdlife.org on 02/03/2018.
Craig, A. 2018. Giant Weaver (Ploceus grandis). In: del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A., Sargatal, J., Christie, D.A. & de Juana, E. (eds.). Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. (retrieved from https://www.hbw.com/node/61019 on 1 March 2018).
de Oliveira Soares, F. M. C. 2017. Modelling the distribution of São Tomé bird species: Ecological determinants and conservation prioritization. Masters Thesis, Universidade de Lisboa.
Fry, C. H.; Keith, S. 2004. The birds of Africa vol. VII. London: Christopher Helm.
IUCN. 2001. IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN Species Survival Commission.
IUCN. 2012. Guidelines for Application of IUCN Red List Criteria at Regional and National Levels: Version 4.0. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN.
This entry was posted in Africa, Archive and tagged Giant Weaver, São Tomé and Príncipe. Bookmark the permalink.
2 Responses to Archived 2018 topic: Giant Weaver (Ploceus grandis): revise global status?
Ricardo Faustino de Lima says:
I agree with listing the Giant Weaver as NT, but have some doubts concerning which criteria should be used.
Unlike most endemics, this species is associated to areas with intermediate disturbance levels, avoiding both native forest and more intensive land-uses. On one hand, this might mean that it is not as affected by (or might even benefit from) deforestation and forest degradation, but on the other hand, it might mean that the core of its population is reliant in anthropogenic environments, which are clearly more prone to the impact of human activities than more natural environments. Ongoing agricultural intensification is therefore likely to impact this species more than most of the other endemics. These would be more prone to agricultural expansion, which in ST is strongly limited by the rugged terrain. As a precautionary measure, and until further evidence is available, I suggest that it is considered that this species might be under decline.
The restricted range (777 sqkm – based on de Oliveira Soares 2017) and the ongoing agricultural intensification across the island means that it might be appropriate to consider that the species as having a single population, and close to triggering distribution-based criteria for being classified as EN, namely B1ab(iii,v)+2ab(iii,v).
Even though there is no evidence-based population estimate, the species seems to be less frequent (de Oliveira Soares 2017) than what had been previously assumed (Fry and Keith 2004, Craig 2018). Most likely because it can be locally abundant and because previous authors did not recognize its preference for ecosystems with intermediate disturbance levels (Atkinson et al. 1991). Abundance comparisons based on frequency with species such as the Sao Tome Scops-owl might not be appropriate, since the Giant Weaver is gregarious and often multiple individuals are found near a single point count. Also, the owl has a call that can be detected at much greater distances. Comparisons with continental species might also not be appropriate, since it is well known that island species often occur at higher densities. Taking this into consideration, I feel like the species might fit into criteria C2a(ii), but find it difficult to believe that it fits criteria D1. It is far too abundant to have less than 1,000 mature individuals.
Atkinson, P.; Peet, N.; Alexander, J. 1991. The status and conservation of the endemic bird species of Sao Tomé and Príncipe, West Africa. Bird Conservation International 1: 255-282.
Based on available information, our preliminary proposal for the 2018 Red List would be to list this species as Near Threatened under criterion C2a(ii). We highlight though that the use of criterion B in this case is very dependent on the number of locations the species occurs in. As explained in the topic a location is not a locality, and instead depends on the area covered by the major threatening event. Given current deforestation data, it is likely that the area of impact of separate deforestation events is sufficiently low that the number of locations will far exceed the threshold for listing as threatened. This combined with the fact that declines are only suspected rather than inferred means that given current evidence the species would not approach the required thresholds for listing under criterion B.
There is now a period for further comments until the final deadline in mid-July, after which the recommended categorisations will be put forward to IUCN.
Please note that we will then only post final recommended categorisations on forum discussions where these differ from the initial proposal.
The final 2018 Red List categories will be published on the BirdLife and IUCN websites in November, following further checking of information relevant to the assessments by both BirdLife and IUCN.
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Home > Latest News > Public Notices
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gnowangerup elections
In accordance with Section 3.58 of the Local Government Act 1995, the Shire of Gnowangerup is considering disposing of one of its fleet vehicles GN.00 (2019 Toyota Rav 4 Cruiser AWD Petrol 9,000 km) and is seeking expressions of interest for its purchase.
The purpose of the proposed local law is to provide for the appointment or election of a captain, a first lieutenant, a second lieutenant, and such additional lieutenants as may be necessary as officers of bush fire brigades in the district, and prescribe their respective duties.
A SPECIAL MEETING OF COUNCILL WILL BE HELD ON THURSDAY 30TH MAY 2019
AT THE SHIRE OFFICE, COUNCIL CHAMBERS,
28 YOUGENUP ROAD, GNOWANGERUP, WA 6335
COMMENCING AT 5:00PM
EXPRESSION OF INTEREST - DISPOSITION OF PROPERTY '1999 JOHN DEERE 315 SE BACKHOE LOADER
DISPOSITION OF PROPERTY
‘1999 JOHN DEERE 315 SE BACKHOE LOADER’
In accordance with Section 3.58 of the Local Government Act 1995, the Shire of Gnowangerup is considering disposing of one of its fleet vehicles GN.0026 (1999 John Deere 315 SE Backhoe Loader, 3950 hrs) and is seeking expressions of interest for its purchase.
The Wheatbelt Business Network has been engaged by the Shire of Gnowangerup to develop a Marketing Strategy and plan.
TENDER 'ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH OFFICER AND/OR BUILDING SURVEYOR CONTRACT'
REQUEST FOR TENDER (RFT2019-1)
ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH OFFICER AND/OR BUILDING SURVEYOR CONTRACT
The Shire of Gnowangerup,advises that it intends changing the purpose of its existing short term cash flow facility from covering cash flow issues relating to grant funded natural disaster restoration works to covering cash flow issues relating to grant funded housing construction works. At the same time, the Shire intends to reduce the limit of the facility from $6M to $500,000.
In its audit report for the 2018/2019 financial year, the Shire’s auditor, Tim Partridge, advised that the audit had identified significant adverse trends in two of the Shire’s financial ratios. The word “significant” triggers the process outlined in section 7.12A(4) and (5) of the Local Government Act 1995:
The Shire of Gnowangerup invites tenders from appropriately skilled and experienced builders for the Construction of Staff Housing.
Community Groups within the Shire of Gnowangerup are now invited to apply for Community Financial Assistance Grants (CFAG) Program. There are three categories of funding available for projects taking place in 19/20 financial year.
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Return To Insects Menu
Aphids are small green insects that suck juices from plants. They are shaped like pears and can be found on many coastal plants. There are hundreds of different species of these true bugs. Some of them are found on only one type of plant, while others can be found on many types of plants. Read More….
Back Swimmer bugs are insects of the order Heteroptera that occur worldwide and are named for their ability to swim on their backs, which are shaped like the keel and sides of a boat. They use its long, oar-like legs for propulsion and has an oval-shaped head and an elongated body that usually is less than 15 mm in length. Read More….
Broad Shouldered Bug
Broad shouldered bugs are predaceous and feed on small arthropods and mosquito eggs on the water surface. They live on the surface of the water or on the adjacent shoreline. Some species are gregarious and can be found near the riffles of small streams. Other species are found in quieter parts of streams and ponds. Read More….
Cicada Bug
Cicadas are large insects, they will spend up to 17 years living underground as a nymph before emerging to climb (the Males) and call out with a shrill almost electric call to attract the females. Years before this, they were deposited under tree bark as an egg. Read More….
Adult damsel bugs are up to 2.5 cm long, tan to reddish brown and slender, with their body tapering toward the head. Nymph stages are similar but lack fully developed wings. Damsel bugs are beneficial insects because they feed on a variety of arthropod pests, they are capable of biting but generally are medically harmless. Read More….
Giant water bugs have a very unique appearance and are difficult to confuse with most other kinds of insects. Resembling a cross between a cockroach and a praying mantis, these bugs are brown and flat with large front legs used to grab and hold on to prey. Although they are sometimes called a giant water beetle, they are not beetles but are true bugs. Read More….
Adult shield bugs are attractive insects, easily recognized by their flat oval or five-sided shield shape. They are often called stink bugs because when threatened, some species produce a pungent liquid from special glands near their hind legs, poke at one and then sniff your hand. Read More….
Water Scorpion
Water scorpions have long thin brown bodies that including the tail is about 50 mm in length. The front legs are modified to grasp prey, their arms can fold in such a way that the prey is dragged right to the mandibles. The 4 back legs can propel the insect forward when it is threatened. Read More….
The Western Conifer Seed Bug is a pest bug in the Pacific Northwest. This true bug feeds mainly on the seeds and developing cones of several species of conifers and their respective hybrids. This bug has been expanding its range north. Today, its range extends across the northern United States into Canada. Read More….
True Bugs, Pacific Northwest
Aphids, photo by Bud Logan
The word bug is used to describe any of the insects as well as many other creatures like spiders, ticks or mites, but the only true bugs are those belonging to the order Hemiptera.
Hemiptera means half wing and refers to the characteristics of the fore wings of this order. The fore wings are thick and leathery near the base and membranous near the tip and they fold flat over the insects back, covering the hind wings which are used for flying.
A third feature that helps identify the hemipterans is their piercing and sucking mouthparts which are housed in beak shaped protuberance that starts far forward on the head and is folded underneath it, pointing back between the forelegs. The bug swings it out from its resting place when he prepares to eat. True bugs may be either carnivorous or herbivorous.
Giant Water Bug, Photo By Bud Logan
For defense, most have a special stink gland that secretes a substance with a disagreeable smell to repulse its enemies. Among nymphs, these glands are located on the back of the abdomen while on the adults it is usually located under the thorax. many advertise this capability with bright colors and bold patterns. This is recognized by animals that have had a bad experience with the unpleasant taste before. Some true bugs like the boatman can deliver a nasty and painful bite when handled.
They are widely distributed in most habitats and although most are terrestrial, some are aquatic with legs that are either widespread to distribute their weight over the water surface or with oar-like legs used to propel them over the water. There are many types of true bugs on the coast of BC, just look around when outdoors.
Back Swimmer, True Bugs, photo by Bud Logan
Backswimmer bugs, also called boatsman bugs, are insects of the order Heteroptera that occur worldwide and are named for their ability to swim on their backs, which are shaped like the keel and sides of a boat. They use its long, oar-like legs for propulsion and has an oval-shaped head and an elongated body that usually is less than 15 mm in length.
It is a good example of countershading, as its light-colored back, seen from below, blends into the water surface and sky. The rest of the body is darker and when seen from above, blends with the dark water below.
Because they are lighter than water, it will rise to the surface after releasing its hold on the bottom vegetation. Once at the surface it may either leap out of the water and fly or get a fresh supply of air, which is stored under its wings and around its body, and dive again.
The backswimmer is often seen floating on the water surface, with its legs extended, ready to dart away if disturbed. It preys on insects, small tadpoles, and fishes, sucking their body fluids through its strong beak.
Shield Bugs, Photo By Bud Logan
Adult shield bugs are attractive insects, easily recognized by their flat oval or five-sided shield shape. They are often called stink bugs because when threatened, some species produce a pungent liquid from special glands near their hind legs, poke at one and then sniff your hand.
Most shield bugs feed on plant sap and some are pests of economically important crops such as coffee and cotton.
Few gardeners would consider them to be pests, although the noxious liquid they produce can taint the taste of some fruit. Most shield bugs need symbiotic bacteria for the digestion of the sap. They acquire this aid to digestion at an early age, their mother smears her eggs with the bacteria so that the young nymphs ingest them as they feed on the egg case.
Unlike many insects, shield bugs often show parental care, guarding their young against predators. The female will actually sit on the eggs until they hatch. This reduces the chances of an attack from parasitic wasps.
Bean plants damaged by stink bug feeding and egg laying emits an odor that is attractive to parasitism wasps, which then attack the bugs.
Aphids are small green insects that suck juices from plants. They are shaped like pears and can be found on many coastal plants. There are hundreds of different species of these true bugs. Some of them are found on only one type of plant, while others can be found on many types of plants.
Most are less than 0.5 cm long and although most of them are green, they can be gray, black, brown, pink, red, yellow, or lavender. All have two tubes, called cornicles, on the hind end of their bodies. The cornicles secrete substances that help protect them from predators.
They feed in large groups on new growth. Some species such as the woolly aphids are covered with white, waxy filaments which they produce from special glands. You will usually find aphids on leaves, tops or at the base of flowers. They can do a lot of damage to plants that include foliage that is distorted, rolled, yellowed or has stunted growth. There are beneficial insects that eat them, such as ladybugs and green lacewings and it is very important to not use a broad pesticide spray as this will kill all the insects including the good ones.
Aphids create a honeydew that ants harvest. Ants often farm aphids and protect them from their natural enemies and in turn, harvest the honeydew produced by the aphids. Some types of ants take them down into their nests in winter to keep them alive until next year.
They have strange life cycles. Most aphids overwinter as fertilized eggs glued to branches of plants. The nymphs that hatch from these eggs are wingless females known as stem mothers. Stem mothers reproduce without males and keep their eggs within their bodies until they hatch. All offspring, in turn, are females that soon mature and reproduce in the same way. This pattern continues until the fall brings cooler weather. When the days get shorter and coolers, a hatch occurs which includes both males and females that mate, after mating, the females lay the fertilized eggs which overwinter and eventually hatch into stem mothers the following spring.
Throughout the summer some of the young develop wings and migrate to other plants. This allows them to move about the forest. They are an incredible bug.
Natural enemies play a very important part in controlling aphid populations. Lady beetles, lacewings, damsel bugs, parasitic wasps and birds all feed on them.
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Around Oklahoma Big 12 College OU Sooners
Sooners draw No. 1 seed for Norman Regional
May 2, 2018 May 3, 2018 Ken MacLeod
NORMAN – The Oklahoma men’s golf was selected as the No. 1 seed at the NCAA Norman Regional, set for May 14-16 at the Jimmie Austin OU Golf Club.
The Sooners, ranked No. 4 nationally by Golfweek/Sagarin, will make their eighth consecutive NCAA Regional appearance under ninth-year head coach Ryan Hybl and 46th overall appearance in school history. OU recently won the 2018 Big 12 Championship, its first conference title since 2006, at Southern Hills Country Club on April 25.
The 14-team, 54-hole tournament is one of six NCAA Regionals. It will include 18 holes each day and serve as the preliminary event for the NCAA Championship. The low five teams and the low individual not on those teams will advance to the finals, scheduled for May 25-30 at Karsten Creek Golf Club in Stillwater, Okla.
NCAA Regionals will also take place in Raleigh, N.C.; Bryan, Texas; Columbus, Ohio; Kissimmee, Fla.; and Stockton, Calif. A total of 81 teams and 15 individuals were selected for regionals.
In addition to OU, seven other Big 12 schools qualified for a NCAA Regional: Oklahoma State (No. 1 seed, Columbus), Baylor (No. 2 seed, College Station), Texas (No. 3 seed, Raleigh), Texas Tech (No. 3 seed, Columbus), TCU (No. 6 seed, Stockton), Kansas (No. 8 seed, Stockton) and Iowa State (No. 10 seed, Stockton).
Last season, the Sooners advanced to their seventh straight NCAA Championship and defeated Oregon, 3-1-1, in the match play final to claim the program’s second national title.
NCAA Norman Regional Field (Golfweek/Sagarin Rankings)
1. Oklahoma (4)
2. Auburn (9)
3. Arkansas (15)
4. Florida State (27)
5. North Florida (26)
6. Pepperdine (25)
7. BYU (41)
8. Virginia (53)
9. San Diego State (50)
10. Nevada (55)
11. Sam Houston State (70)
12. UMKC (122)
13. Navy (214)
14. Prairie View A&M (269)
1. Ian Snyman, North Texas
2. McClure Meissner, SMU
3. Peyton Wilhoit, Southern Illinois
4. Chris Korte, Denver
5. Tanner Napier, Arkansas State
← 10 Rounds with Titleist Tour Soft
Hopkins shoots 1-under 71 to lead Class 6A at Hillcrest CC →
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In our ongoing efforts to bring you the best television coverage we can here at GOO Reviews, we decided to take a different approach to our weekly television coverage this year. Every Monday, we’ll be releasing our roundup of the week’s shows in something we’re calling “Superhero Showdown”. Because they’re all comicbook-based shows. And they’ll all be competing with each other. We’ll be recapping episodes, providing our commentaries for each, and letting you know which show reigns supreme over the course of the season. We can’t cover every different comicbook-based show, however, nor should we because a bunch of them are pretty intolerable.
So, the shows that made the cut:
Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. was actually the show that got us started on our weekly TV recapping here at GOO Reviews. And it took all of 10 episodes before we dropped it. Now, we’ve dropped a few shows here at GOO Reviews, sometimes based on staff availability, but usually based on show quality, and at that time, still relatively early in its first season, Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. exposed itself as a very bad TV show.
But one of the deep, dark secrets of our TV viewing here at GOO Reviews is that… well, we never stopped watching it. And it did get better. Not much better, not actually good, but good enough to not stop watching. So we’ll be covering it this year because, in the absence of having anything better to do, it’s precisely, almost exactly good enough, and besides that, it’s the only Marvel network TV show left.
The Greg-Berlanti-led DC TV universe has grown from one TV show to four since the debut of Arrow in 2012, but make no mistake, it’s 2014’s The Flash that really broke through and has become the flagship of the “Arrowverse”. And of all those shows — Arrow, The Flash, Supergirl, and Legends of Tomorrow — it’s also The Flash that’s… the least bad. Because make no mistake, none of these shows are really that good.
No, the Berlanti universe of TV shows aren’t about things like being good or consistent or well plotted or even tolerable sometimes. They’re about earnestness, a palpable and genuine feeling that these are heroes, that these things do matter, that we owe it to ourselves and each other to be just a little bit better, good storytelling be damned. And of all four shows, The Flash is the best at that. And that’s endearing. Make no mistake of that.
Having said that, Legends of Tomorrow is the show made for the real DC comicbook nerds, the ones whose hairs stand up on the back of their neck when they hear the name Connor Hawke and squee when they find out who series protagonist Rip Hunter’s father might be. For instance, when we last saw the Legends team, they had just defeated the eternal, time-spanning menace of Vandal Savage and said their farewells to the Hawks when, seemingly out of nowhere, another, heretofore unknown time ship appeared in the sky, revealing a costumed man (he had a mini-cape and everything!) calling himself Rex Tyler and claiming to be from the Justice Society of America. And right then, right there, us nerds — the real nerds at least — we just about all creamed our pants. Collectively. And hopefully metaphorically. If that’s not you, if those names mean nothing to you, if those things don’t sound great… then I really wouldn’t recommend this show. Like reeaaally wouldn’t recommend it. But we like it. Kind… kind of.
Legends of Tomorrow season two premieres October 13 (this week!).
At first glance, a show like The Walking Dead might not seem like it belongs on this list. There are no people with powers, not even many with very specialized training, no one on the show is even claiming to be a hero, and the only supernatural elements of the show lie purely on the horror side of the equation. That’s all correct, those are all reasons why The Walking Dead isn’t a superhero show. But we’re covering it here anyways.
It’s well known even among casual of fans of The Walking Dead that the property began life as a comicbook series, and a pretty small and unheralded one at that as an independent book published by Image Comics in the early 2000’s (remember those/then?), and the combination of its comicbook roots and the fact that we just really like the show was enough for us to continue recapping it and put it here. In case we have to remind you, Rick, running through the forest in an attempt to evade the Saviours (many of whom The Walking Dead crew had brutally slaughtered in their sleep only episdoes earlier), just got someone in his group killed by Negan, Saviour leader, and we’ve been waiting all summer to find out who died. But I’m sure we didn’t have to remind you.
The Walking Dead season seven premieres October 23.
As for those superhero TV shows we’re not covering? We’ll be monitoring Supergirl to see if it gets any better (or at least gets better enough) and I don’t think any of us here have the time to catch up on Arrow. And if you’re wondering about Gotham? Our firm recommendation is that no one should ever watch Gotham. Especially not you. And espeeecially not us.
October 10, 2016 — Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. 4×01-02, The Flash 3×01
October 17, 2016 — Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. 4×03, The Flash 3×02, Legends of Tomorrow 2×01
October 23, 2016 — Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. 4×04, The Flash 3×03, Legends of Tomorrow 2×02, The Walking Dead 7×01
November 7, 2016 — Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. 4×06, The Flash 3×05, Legends of Tomorrow 2×04, The Walking Dead 7×03
November 14, 2016 — Legends of Tomorrow 2×05, The Walking Dead 7×04
November 21, 2016 — The Flash 3×06, Legends of Tomorrow 2×06, The Walking Dead 7×05
November 28, 2016 — The Flash 3×07, The Walking Dead 7×06
December 5, 2016 — Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. 4×07, The Flash 3×08, Legends of Tomorrow 2×07, The Walking Dead 7×07
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PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(D) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
Date of Report (Date of Earliest Event Reported): October 5, 2006
HAPC, INC.
Delaware 0-51902 20-3341405
(Commission File Number)
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)(Zip Code)
(Former Name or Former Address, if Changed Since Last Report)
Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions (see General Instruction A.2. below):
¨ Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425)
x Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12)
¨ Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d-2(b))
¨ Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c))
Item 7.01 Regulation FD Disclosure
On October 4, 2006, HAPC, INC. (HAPC) filed a Current Report on Form 8-K with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the SEC) describing the transactions contemplated by a Stock Purchase Agreement (the Stock Purchase Agreement), dated as of September 29, 2006, by and among HAPC, I-Flow Corporation (I-Flow), Iceland Acquisition Subsidiary, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of HAPC (Acquisition Sub) and InfuSystem, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of I-Flow (InfuSystem), pursuant to which Acquisition Sub will acquire all of the issued and outstanding capital stock of InfuSystem (the Acquisition) and subsequently merge with and into InfuSystem. InfuSystem will be the corporation surviving merger.
HAPC plans to hold presentations for certain of its stockholders to discuss the transactions contemplated by the Stock Purchase Agreement. At such presentations, the slide show presentation attached to this Current Report on Form 8-K as Exhibit 99.1 will be distributed to certain participants. The information contained in the slide show presentation shall not be deemed to be filed for the purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and shall not be deemed to be incorporated by reference in any filing under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
HAPCs amended and restated certificate of incorporation (the Certificate of Incorporation) requires that the Acquisition must be approved by the holders of a majority of the shares of HAPC common stock sold in HAPCs April 2006 initial public offering (the IPO) that are cast on the issue. The acquisition cannot be completed if holders of 20% or more of the shares of HAPC common stock sold in the IPO vote against the acquisition and, as permitted by the Certificate of Incorporation, demand that their shares be converted into the right to receive a pro rata portion of the net proceeds of the IPO held in a trust account established for this purpose at the time of the IPO.
In connection with the Acquisition and required stockholder approval, HAPC will file with the SEC a proxy statement which will be mailed to the stockholders of HAPC. HAPCs stockholders are urged to read the proxy statement and other relevant materials when they become available as they will contain important information about the acquisition of all of the issued and outstanding capital stock of InfuSystem. HAPC stockholders will be able to obtain a free copy of such filings at the SECs internet site (http://www.sec.gov). Copies of such filings can also be obtained, without charge, by directing a request to HAPC, INC., 350 Madison Avenue, New York, New York 10017, Tel: (212) 418-5070.
HAPC and its directors and executive officers may be deemed to be participants in the solicitation of proxies from the stockholders of HAPC in connection with the proposed transaction. Information regarding the special interests of these directors and executive officers in the proposed transaction will be included in the proxy statement of HAPC described above.
Item 8.01 Other Events.
The information set forth under Item 7.01 above is incorporated herein by reference.
Item 9.01 Financial Statements and Exhibits
(d) Exhibits
Exhibit No.
99.1 Slide Show Presentation
This Report on Form 8-K includes forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terminology such as may, should, could, would, expect, plan, anticipate, believe, estimate, continue, or the negative of such terms or other similar expressions. These forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements regarding whether the transaction will be completed and the expected timing of the closing. Readers are cautioned that these forward-looking statements involve certain risks and uncertainties. These risks and uncertainties, which could cause these forward-looking statements to not be realized, include: continuous infusion treatment protocol trends, including factors affecting supply and demand; labor and personnel relations; healthcare payor reimbursement risks affecting HAPCs revenue and profitability; conditions in financial markets that impact HAPCs ability to obtain capital to finance capital expenditures; changing interpretations of generally accepted accounting principles; and general economic conditions, as well as other relevant risks detailed in HAPCs filings with the SEC, including the final prospectus relating to HAPCS IPO. HAPC disclaims any obligation to update any information contained in any forward-looking statement.
/s/ Pat LaVecchia
Name: Pat LaVecchia
Title: Secretary
Dated: October 5, 2006
EXHIBIT LIST
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Exciting New Resource for Irish Genealogy Announced
National Library of Ireland, c. 1900
This is pretty amazing for anyone wishing to research their Irish family history. The entire collection of Catholic parish register microfilms held by the National Library of Ireland will be made available online – for free – from the 8th of July 2015 onwards. On that date, a dedicated website will go live with over 390,000 digital images of the microfilm reels on which the parish registers are recorded. The National Library of Ireland has been working to digitise the microfilms for over three years under its most ambitious digitisation programme to date.
The parish register records are considered the single most important source of information on Irish family history prior to the 1901 Census. Dating from the 1740s to the 1880s, they cover 1,091 parishes throughout the island of Ireland, and consist primarily of baptismal and marriage records.
The National Library c. 1900
Commenting today, Ciara Kerrigan, who is managing the digitisation of the parish registers, said:
‘This is the most significant ever genealogy project in the history of the National library of Ireland. The microfilms have been available to visitors to the library since the 1970s. However, their digitisation means that, for the first time, anyone who likes will be able to access these registers without having to travel to Dublin‘.
Typically, the parish registers include information such as the dates of baptisms and marriages, and the names of the key people involved, including godparents or witnesses. The digital images of the registers will be searchable by parish location only, and will not be transcribed or indexed by the National Library of Ireland.’The images will be in black and white, and will be of the microfilms of the original registers,’ explained Ms. Kerrigan.
Tagged family history, Genealogy, Irish genealogy
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Herbal Cures. Folkore from Co. Donegal →
3 thoughts on “Exciting New Resource for Irish Genealogy Announced”
Pingback: Irish RC Parish Registers Free Online - Historum - History Forums
Mary Nolan nee Scully says:
I would like to look for my Ancestors, I have only been able to search back to 1901/1911 Census. Is there another site that will let me search Church Recirds etc?
Mary C Nolan
Colm says:
The earlier church records should be available on-line from the 8th of July.
Colm
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Education | News
Bluegrass: Folk Music in Overdrive
March 17, 2019 by HVBA
The HVBA has a very simple Mission Statement and here it is:
The Hudson Valley Bluegrass Association — or HVBA — was founded in 1994 to knit together the bluegrass community of musicians and fans.
The HVBA is chartered as a 501(c)3 not-for-profit arts and educational organization, we promote bluegrass and related acoustic music in the Hudson Valley through jam sessions, concerts, and open mics in conjunction with other not-for-profit organizations.
In accordance with our mission, we have reached out to the community with monthly concerts featuring mostly local musicians and with two large concerts each year spotlighting nationally recognized bands and individuals.
We have also had a yearly presence at “Bluegrass Between the Bridges,” which was one of many organizations sponsored by the Bardavon for many years at the foot of Main Street in Poughkeepsie. When that project was discontinued, we began a presence at the Arlington Street Festival every Fall.
Our efforts have also educational and have spanned many years and age groups. You may view most of these projects on our website.
This year we are continuing to fulfill our mission by reaching out to the The Lifelong Learning Institute (LLI) at Vassar College with a six-week program entitled “Bluegrass: Folk Music in Overdrive.”
Led by Andy Bing, these classes will focus mostly on the traditional bluegrass instruments, their history and their place in a bluegrass band. Each week will include a timeline of bluegrass music by Andy and live demonstrations of each instruments by a very able group of musicians.
Bios of Presenters
Week One – Mando:
Tara Linhardt is an award winning multi-instrumentalist originally from Virginia who performs on mandolin and guitar as her main instruments and also teaches mandolin, guitar, and ukulele. She has won many awards for her skills as an instrumentalist and some for songwriting. She has taken first place in such contests as The Mt. Airy Fiddler’s Convention, the Maury River Fiddler’s Convention, Watermelon Park Festival, and The Deer Creek Fiddler’s Convention just to name a few. She also has been nominated in multiple years for Washington DC bluegrass instrumentalist of the year. She performs in her Bluegrass, Swing Jazz, Nepali, and Himalayan-Appalachian bands, as well as some others. She has performed at National Geographic, The Smithsonian Folklike Festival, The Grey Fox Bluegrass Festival, The 9:30 Club, and varieties of other venues, music festivals, and universities.
She does photography and video projects and is a founding and managing member of The Mountain Music Project, a non-profit which works with preservation, promotion and education about traditional music throughout the world, with its largest focus on the Appalachian areas of the United States and the traditional music of the Nepali Himalaya. She has presented at various venues and Universities such as National Geographic, the Rubin Museum, the Smithsonian Folklife Festival Washington, DC, American University, and the Asia Society to name a few.
She has also organized Bluegrass Festivals and music camps as well as events like her the breaking of the Guinness Book World’s Record for the Largest Mandolin Ensemble in the history of the World. “Tara and the Galax Fiddler’s Convention Mandolin Ensemble” broke the record with 389 mandolins.
Week Two – Guitar:
Keith Edwards has been playing his unique brand of bluegrass guitar since he was twelve years old. Raised in the company of Bluegrass musicians on a dairy farm in the heart of the Catskill Mountains, it was only natural for Keith to spend countless childhood hours “parkin’ lot picking” at Bluegrass festivals where he honed his style of playing.
Keith has had the opportunity to play with several groups including South Wind, Chestnut Creek, Steve Toth and Rippling River, Horse Country, the Dick Smith-Mike O’Reilly Band, Straight Drive, Byron Berline and Goldrush, The Feinberg Brothers, Redwood Hill and Zink and Company. He has been featured on several recording projects alongside such musicians as David Grisman, Jon Sholle, Tony Trischka, Andy Statman and Kenny Kosek.
Week Three – Fiddle:
Ambrose Verdibello lives in Millbrook, NY and plays several string instruments (fiddle, banjo, guitar, mandolin, steel guitar) in a variety of styles including blues, bluegrass, old time, Cajun, Irish traditional, early jazz and western swing. He teaches traditional music styles on fiddle, guitar and banjo and regularly plays for contra dances in the Hudson Valley and nearby.
Ambrose is the executive director of the Field Recorders’ Collective, an organization which produces CDs from rare non-commercially available field recordings of Appalachian traditional music. He is also a regular accompanist and teacher for the youth music ensemble, The Strawberry Hill Fiddlers. For the last seven years he has been a judge at the fiddle contest held at the annual Dutchess County Fair. Last year he won the fiddle contest at the inaugural Northeast Fiddlers’ Convention at Hancock Shaker Village, sponsored by the Old Tone festival.
Week Four – Banjo:
Dick Bowden hails originally from the State of Maine where he began playing guitar at age 8. After seeing Flatt & Scruggs in person in 1964 and having his picture taken with Earl Scruggs, he started on banjo at age 11. By age 15 Dick began playing banjo in the Bowden Family band, which morphed into the Fort Knox Volunteers bluegrass band in time for the rise of bluegrass festivals in New York and New England in the 1970s. In the 1980s Dick played banjo in the Boston-based Berkshire Mountain Boys, and was the bench banjo player for Joe Val’s New England Bluegrass Boys, also of Boston. Moving to Dutchess County NY in 1989, Dick switched back to guitar for a 10+ year run as half of The Case Brothers – Martin & Gibson. Moving to Connecticut in the late 1990s Dick led The Old Time Bluegrass Singers playing mostly guitar but a little banjo. After the Old Time Bluegrass Singers wrapped up, Dick began producing Dick Bowden’s Flying Circus bluegrass band. He moved to the Catskills in Ulster County NY in 2017. Dick has written for Bluegrass Unlimited magazine, and Bluegrass Today and Hudson Valley Bluegrass Association websites. For over 10 years Dick has been an instructor at Banjo Camp North in Charlton Mass. Dick has performed on the stage of the Grand Ole Opry at the Ryman Auditorium in Nashville, at bluegrass festivals and concerts in all the northeastern states, and from Mississippi to the Canadian Maritimes. He is extremely interested in the history of the banjo, and of country and bluegrass music.
Week Five – Dobro/Bass:
Andy Bing (dobro) has been a bluegrass fan since early childhood, when his parents noticed that he really liked the one record in their collection that featured the five-string banjo. Bill Monroe and the Osborne Brothers were early favorites. He began performing music in his teens and studied the dobro guitar in the Washington D.C. area with Seldom Scene dobro legend Mike Auldridge. After relocating to Ulster County NY, he played dobro and mandolin with several area bluegrass bands, including No Brakes, the Wickers Creek Band, CB Smith, and Burnt Hills Bluegrass. Following a move to Castleton on Hudson, he joined Washington County Line Bluegrass, which won the 2011 band contest at the Jenny Brook Bluegrass Festival in Vermont. With these bands he has performed at many bluegrass festivals in New York and New England, including Jenny Brook, Noppet Hill, Southern Tier, and Plattsburgh. He also played Irish folk music for 25 years with a band based in the Binghamton area. He has presented and/or performed with the dobro and mandolin at prior classes sponsored by the Hudson Valley Bluegrass Association.
David Gandin (bass) is a Hudson Valley resident who has been playing upright bass in the New York area for the past 15 years, with such acts as the Demolition String Band, the Brooklyn Corndodgers, Straight Drive, Sheriff Bob and the Goodtimers and Long Steel Rail. He also occasionally receives calls to play with regional and nationally touring bands where he has shared the stage with the Tennessee Mafia Jug Band, John Herald, Leigh Gibson and others. He is a big believer that all bluegrass bands should not sound the same and is not afraid to shake things up on the bass if necessary. Rumor has it that he has also been sighted in uniform and at full attention as a member of “Dick Bowden’s Flying Circus.”
Week Six – Harmony/Entire Band Performance:
Gary DiGiovanni Gary started learning banjo at the age of 18, when he became aware of folksy players like Pete Seeger. Then he got hooked on the bluegrass style after hearing Allen Shelton and, of course, Earl Scruggs. It was too late before he realized playing banjo was not a good way to pick up girls. Over the years, Gary has been with a number of groups in New Jersey and New York. His longest stint has been with No Brakes, which has achieved some notoriety in the Mid-Hudson Valley region.
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dpp v cash
123 results for dpp v cash
vLex Rating
D.P.P.-v- Mark Drinkwater, [2007] IECCA 84 (2007)
...The evidence was that they had entered the cash office in the car park of the shopping centre. They had attempted to remove a safe in the office which was subsequently ascertained by the Gardaí to ...
Massoud -v- Judge Ann Watkins & DPP, [2004] IEHC 434 (2004)
... arrested for the offence of obtaining by false pretences and it was explained to her that the arrest related to obtaining by false pretences of cash from Scottish Provident Ireland Limited in the period between September 2001 to March 2002, and he gave her the legal caution. He says the time of ...
... for the offence of obtaining by false pretences and he explained to him at the time that the arrest related to obtaining by false pretences of cash from Scottish Provident Ireland Limited in the period between September 2001 and March 2002, and he gave the applicant the legal caution to which he ...
D.P.P.-v- Raymond Casey & Anthony Casey, [2004] IE CCA 49 (2004)
...The owner of the bar, Noel O'Neill, left Mr Pyper alone there at 12.15 a.m. on the 12th August 1997. Mr Pyper was in charge of the cash when the public house was closed and at the time it was his practice to take the cash home with him. After Mr Pyper's death the money from the bar ...
District Court (Criminal Procedure Act 2010) Rules 2011.
Lynch -v- O'Toole, Lynch -v- Attorney General and anor, Attorney General -v- Lynch, [2003] IESC 44 (2003)
...After the case had been remanded he asked the Detective Garda for the return of his mobile phone and a sum of cash which had been taken from him. He was told to contact the guard at Harcourt Terrace Garda Station. He did this by phone a few days later. He was ...
D.P.P.-v- Stephen Aherne, [2004] IECCA 13 (2004)
...His accomplice held the glass to Mr. Dunne's face and the appellant rummaged through his pockets looking for cash. Mr. Dunne and his group made off and were followed by the appellant and his accomplice. There was a further minor confrontation before the three ...
D.P.P.-v- John Bishop, [2005] IECCA 2 (2005)
... inclusive) had conspired to enter the branch office of Allied Irish Banks Plc at Abbeyleix in County Laois as trespassers with intent to steal cash therein and to have with them at that time a firearm or weapon of offence. The applicant was also found not guilty of counts 3 and 4 which were both ...
Cooper-Flynn -v- RTE & ors, [2004] IESC 27 (2004)
...App. Rep. 172 concerned a prosecution for falsification of accounts and forgery of the manageress and cashier of a women's clothing shop. Sales dockets were put to the accused in cross-examination, without calling the employees who prepared them as part of ...
Shortt -v- Commissioner of an Garda Siochana & Anor, [2005] IEHC 311 (2005)
...Of that IR£154,000 some IR£100,000 was spent in cash and the remainder was represented by extended credit from suppliers. Some suppliers were eventually paid out of the receivership. Special damages are ...
Mulheir & Anor -v- Gannon p/a Claffey Gannon Solicitors, [2006] IEHC 274 (2006)
...No. 701 of 2004). That provision permits an application for the delivery by a solicitor to an applicant client or former client of a cash account, or the payment of monies or securities, which the respondent solicitor has or had in his custody or control, to be made to the President of ...
Osbourne -v- Minister for Justice & Ors, [2006] IEHC 117 (2006)
...They had climbed a drain pipe and left rear open window. They took 20 cash and a silver gent's watch. One of the culprits fits the description of Robert Merrigan." 5.5 The Peace Commissioner also gave evidence that then ...
Kennedy -v- Law Society, [2001] IESC 35 (2001)
...) of paragraph 10 imposes a special obligation on the solicitor to cause the balance between the client bank lodged and drawn columns of his cashbook or the balance on his client bank ledger account, as the case may be, to be agreed with his clients bank statements and, as at the same date or dates ...
Bupa Ireland Limited -v- Health Insurance Authority & Ors, [2005] IEHC 291 (2005)
...In practice this is achieved by the insurer with the better risk profile, making cash transfers to the insurer, whose insured population has a higher risk profile with the differences in such profiles being measured by what is called ...
O'Keeffe -v- O'Toole & Ors, [2005] IEHC 246 (2005)
... convicted of having entered as a trespasser a chemist's shop, he stole therefrom a quantity of morphine tablets, methadone liquid and £120 in cash. The nature of this offence prompts me to refer to another matter which, while it has not been formally proven, and the Court has been handed only a ...
DPP -v- William (otherwise Billy) Keogh, [2009] IECCA 93
...48 of the Offences Against the Person Act 1861, and s. 2 of the Criminal Law (Rape) Act 1981, as amended. Count 2: That he stole 1,200 cash from the complainant at the same location, on the same date, contrary to s. 4 of the Criminal Justice (Theft and Fraud Offences) Act 2001.(ii) The ...
Scully -v- D.J. Crowley & anor, [2001] IESC 41 (2001)
... years, endorse particulars of the conviction of (sic) the applicant's licence, and in the event of an appeal the applicant to furnish a £500.00 cash surety; . (2) in relation to the charge of failing to give appropriate information under section 106 of the Road Traffic Act, to 60 hours community ...
Desmond -v- Times Newspapers Ltd & Ors, [2009] IEHC 271
... 29th April, 1998, and arise out two articles published in the Sunday Times Newspapers on the 11th January, 1998, under the headlines "Telecom cash paid Haughey's boat bill" and "Just good friends"'. The first article related to the sum of approximately IR£75,000, which was paid from the ...
In force Companies Act 2014
In force Criminal Justice (Money Laundering and Terrorist Financing) Act 2010
In force Criminal Justice Act 2006
District Court Rules, 1997
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Director of Public Prosecutions -v- Casey, [2019] IESC 7 (2019)
Docket Number: 159/2017
Party Name: Director of Public Prosecutions, Casey
An Chúirt Uachtarach
O’Donnell J
MacMenamin J
Dunne J
Charleton J
O’Malley JSupreme Court appeal number: S:AP:IE:2017:000159
[2019] IESC 007
Court of Appeal record number: 2016 nos 258 and 244
[2017] IECA 250
Circuit Criminal Court bill number: DU529/2014
The People (at the suit of the Director of Public Prosecutions)
Prosecutor/Respondent
Denis Casey
Accused/Appellant
Judgment of Mr Justice Peter Charleton of Thursday 21
of February 2019
After a six month trial before Judge Martin Nolan and a jury, in the Dublin Circuit Criminal Court, the accused Denis Casey was convicted on 9 June 2016 of conspiracy to defraud and subsequently sentenced to two years and nine months imprisonment. The underlying crime concerned the accounts of Anglo Irish Bank plc and the misstatement of seven transactions as showing a positive balance of €7.2 billion as a deposit. This was that bank’s own money routed through Irish Life Assurance and Irish Life & Permanent plc, of which the accused was chief executive, so as to appear as a deposit from an outside source. The events occurred in the months leading up to the collapse of Anglo Irish Bank, nationalised in January 2009, and the government support, from September 2008 onwards, to Irish Life Assurance and Irish Life & Permanent. At trial, the accused raised numerous defences challenging any contention that the content and presentation of the accounts was at all misleading. Among the accused’s answers to the charge was that he had official authorisation for this form of misleading accounting. His multiple grounds appeal to the Court of Appeal was refused by judgment of Ryan P of 30 June 2017. By determination of 29 June 2018, this Court certified the following as a point of general public importance, later amended on 15 October 2018 at case management:
whether the defence of “officially induced error” or “entrapment by estoppel” is available in this jurisdiction and, if so, what its parameters are and whether it was open to the applicant on the evidence in this case.
The charge on which a conviction was recorded to the jury and which is relevant to this appeal was cast in the following form:
Denis Casey, did between the 1st of March 2008 and 30th of September 2008, both dates inclusive, within the County of the City of Dublin, conspire with John Bowe, Peter Fitzpatrick, William McAteer and others to defraud by engaging in transactions between Anglo Irish Bank Corporation plc., Irish Life & Permanent plc and Irish Life Assurance dishonestly to create the false and misleading impression that deposits from a non-bank entity to Anglo Irish Bank Corporation plc during the year ending 30 September 2008 were approximately 7.2 billion larger in amount than they really were, with the intention of inducing existing and prospective depositors with, existing and prospective investors in, and existing or prospective lenders to Anglo Irish Bank Corporation plc to make decisions concerning their deposits or investments in, or loans to the Bank on the assumption that the said Bank received larger deposits from a non-Bank entity during the year ending 30 September 2008 than it really did.
Section 149(1) of the Companies Act 1963, now replaced by such provisions as sections 282 of the Companies Act 2014, obliges those in control of a company to prepare accurate accounts. Accounts must show the real picture of the state of a company’s financial health. The statutory obligation, the one applicable here, from 1963 states:
Every balance sheet of a company shall give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the company as at the end of its financial year, and every profit and loss account of a company shall give a true and fair view of the profit or loss of the company for the financial year.
Other accounting obligations arise for financial institutions under relevant legislation; section 32J of the Central Bank Act 1942 as inserted by the Central Bank Reform Act 2010 provides that banks “shall keep all proper accounting records of all its transactions.” The fundamental legal requirement, however, is most elegantly stated as the necessity for a company in its accounts to give a true and fair view of the financial health of that company. That obligation remains the fundamental duty of every company and every individual working in the preparation of financial statements. While at trial, it was advanced on behalf of the respective accused persons that the accounting treatment of this transaction was appropriate, that matter was determined at trial by the verdict of the jury. Consequently, this appeal must be approached on the basis that the accounts as presented created a false and misleading impression in respect of the relevant transactions. An appeal, the question for the Court is whether by reason of the matters advanced by the accused that trial should have been permitted to proceed.
On the appeal, the circumstances leading to the ultimate nationalisation of Anglo Irish Bank, and its later and still ongoing liquidation, were described by counsel for the accused as unprecedented. As a matter of history, however, many banks collapse. The accused at trial put forward that what was involved was merely the presentation of accounts in their most favourable light, in accordance with legal and professional standards, in order to make them ready for any snapshot examination. Given the accused’s argument that accounts are a snapshot as of particular time, it was argued that it was commonplace for businesses to take any steps that were permissible to make sure that the picture taken was as favourable as it could be. He claimed that the Financial Regulator was concerned that the accounts of his bank showed significant reliance on foreign borrowing, out of kilter with the mean for other European financial institutions. The case made by the accused was that the Financial Regulator was promoting support between Irish banks, a green jersey agenda, as it was called, and thus putting forward that each bank here assist the others. In transferring the funds, as of 30 September 2008 and on prior dates, it was asserted on the accused’s behalf that the transactions were promotional support and not ones intended to be described, or thought of, as being of direct, or perhaps real, benefit. That, he claimed, was his state of mind; that such transactions were permitted and that as these were subsequently not challenged, as he claimed, by those in officialdom who would otherwise have been expected to react, this affirmed his contention of official sanction, at least after the event. His point of view, as asserted at trial, was that after the transactions up to 30 September 2008, and the publication as of December the same year, a challenge might have been expected; and that consequently he could regard it as a tenable conclusion that no challenge by the Financial Regulator was equivalent to approval.
Neither the actual mechanism of the misleading transactions nor the appropriate accounting practice is fully admitted by the accused on this appeal. It is thus necessary to summarise. Anglo Irish Bank took its own money, by which is meant funds of depositors or such funds which were available through inter-bank borrowings, including liquidity available through subsidiaries, and routed it to Irish Life & Permanent on the basis that it would be almost immediately redeposited under a guise which would indicate to those scrutinising the Anglo Irish Bank accounts that some €7.2 billion of independent investors’ money had improved that bank’s balance sheet. It is unnecessary and inappropriate to comment on other practices. These manoeuvres did not in fact cause the loss of €7.2 billion to the bank but neither did it amount to the gain of that amount. The money went around in a circle, in and out of the same place but appearing as an investment or deposit. Even on the appeal, the accused was prepared to have argued on his behalf that it was a matter of opinion as to whether this kind of misleading circular transaction, dressed up as an investment, should or should not be the subject of a specific note on the bank’s accounts. This is of central importance in terms of his claimed resort to a form of response to this criminal charge which is based upon assurances from authority that this transaction was valid. By law, accounting is not a matter for argument: it consists of the imperative to truly and fairly demonstrate the state of financial health of a company.
In terms of evidence at trial, the relevant professional accounting standard, stated in argument as IFSR 32, but in fact based on IAS 32, was promulgated to establish rules for presenting financial instruments as either liabilities or equity and for the proper presentation of offsetting financial assets and liabilities. These rules, the prosecution asserted, were not abided by in the accounts published by Anglo Irish Bank on 3 December 2008. In terms of the mechanism of the actual deception, effected through separate transactions, taking either hours or in some cases a few days, these were effected as of 30 September 2008; hence the date on the indictment. Actual accounts, however, were not published until December.
Available evidence
On this appeal, it has been argued on behalf of the accused that a pattern of tolerance, amounting to acquiescence, was established at trial on behalf of the Irish Financial Services Regulatory Authority, or Financial Regulator, which was from May 2003 to October 2010 the single regulator of all financial institutions in Ireland. While then, as a matter of law, the Financial Regulator was a constituent part of the Central Bank of Ireland, it was for these purposes reasonably regarded as independent and would have been so regarded until absorbed into the Central Bank on 1 October 2010 when its board structure was replaced by the Central Bank of Ireland Commission.
Concisely...
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Heavily indebted Pemex says will merge units to save money
MEXICO CITY, June 28 (Reuters) - The board of heavily indebted Mexican state oil company Pemex has unanimously approved a merger of four of its subsidiaries into two units, the company said in a statement on Friday.
The merger of subsidiaries Pemex Exploration and Production with PPS and Pemex Industrial Transformation with Etileno is effective from July 1, the statement said.
The merger aims to consolidate “austerity measures” with the goal of strengthening the company, the statement said.
The government of President Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador has repeatedly pledged to revive Petroleos Mexicanos, the formal name for Pemex. The world’s most indebted oil company, Pemex has seen oil output decline for 14 consecutive years. (Reporting by Sharay Angulo; editing by Delphine Schrank)
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Accueil > Base de connaissances > DNS & Domains
I have redirected the DNS but I cant access my site via browser. Why?
Once your hosting account is activated and you modify the name servers, it will take around 12-24 hours for the changes to propagate across the Internet. Once this happens, your new web site will...
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Yes, mostly they are. Registrars accredited by the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) are authorised to register .com, .net and .org names in the registry. Some of these...
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You cannot edit or modify a registered domain name. If you have misspelt your domain name you will need to submit a new registration with the correct name. Once your new name is registered, you can...
ID Protection or Privacy Protect
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What does "hosting" my Domain Name mean?
Every Domain Name must reside on a host computer called a Domain Name Server. Domain name servers are connected to the Internet and use special software to translate Domain Names into...
What happens if someone else has applied for the same domain name as me, and his or her application is pending?
The information returned by a Whois search is only updated once or twice a day, domain names that have been purchased are essentially "locked" instantly so that they cannot accidentally be sold to...
What is ICANN?
ICANN is the new non-profit corporation that is assuming responsibility from the U.S. Government for coordinating certain Internet technical functions, including the management of Internet domain...
What is Registrar? Where will I get a list of approved registrars?
The organisation, which is registering your domain name, is called Registrar. A list of all companies current operating, as domain registrars are available in...
What is TLD? Where will I get more information about TLD?
A Top Level Domain (TLD) is the suffix that is attached to the end of a domain name. For instance, in the domain name mycompany.com, ".com" is the TLD. There are two types of top-level...
What is Technical and Billing contact?
Technical contact is the person authorised to make certain changes to the domain name, such as alter the DNS servers associated with that domain name. Billing contact is the person to whom...
What is a Domain Name Server?
A domain name server is similar to a phone book. It tells the Internet programs (e.g. web browsers) where to go by translating the domain name into an Internet (IP) address. All Internet...
What is a Registrant?
This is the company or individual to whom the domain name actually belongs.
What is a domain name pointer?
A domain name pointer is a domain name which simply points to your account. In other words, domain name pointers allow you to have as many domain names point to your website as you wish. These...
What is a domain name?
A domain name is an address, or location, which gives you unique identity and brand on the Internet. Each domain has its own unique IP address, which is used to provide access to those files on the...
What is a primary and secondary name server?
Primary and Secondary name servers are the two host computers on which a domain name is hosted. When a domain lookup is carried out, the Primary DNS server is consulted first, and then the...
What is administrative contact?
The Admin (Administrative) contact is the person or entity entrusted with the ability to make significant changes to a domain name such as transferring ownership of that domain name to a different...
What is domain parking?
Domain parking lets you cheaply reserve a domain name for future use and display an "under construction" default page on it. You can register a domain and not park it anywhere but then your...
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What is the need for registering multiple domains?
It is a strategy for businesses to protect their online identity is to register multiple domain names. Basically, when you have a great idea, why let somebody else have a free ride on your tail?...
What is the procedure for Getting a domain name?
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What's the minimum number of characters in a domain name?
Most domain name extensions require a minimum of 2 characters for a domain name, although a few countries have set higher minimum for names registered under their extension.
When I register a domain name, do I get a website too?
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Who can register a domain name?
Any person or organisation can register a .com / .net/.org/.info/.biz /.in /.co.in domain names as they are completely unrestricted.
Why does my e-mail address is important while registering a domain name ?
Be sure to use a "secure" email address when registering a domain name. Do not use free e-mail services such as yahoo or hotmail, these address may be inactive or deleted later according to their...
Why should I register a Domain Name?
A Domain Name, apart from being your Internet address, is your own unique identity on the web. It puts you and your business online, to millions of people world-wide. When you register your...
Will I be able to access my domain name with or without the www?
Yes, all clients can access their website with and without the "www". In other words, you can access your website at www.yourdomain.com or just yourdomain.com, both of which are the same website....
Will I own the domain name after registration?
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Uganda: Private Power Generation (Bujagali), Water Management and Development, and Energy for Rural Transformation III Projects (Second Request)
Case - 113 | Received: September 19, 2016 | Request: 16/08
The Request for Inspection was submitted by members of the community from the Kalagala Offset Area in Uganda. The Requesters have asked for confidentiality.
The Panel received a Request for Inspection on June 20, 2016, case no. 110, which relates to the Bank-financed Uganda Private Power Generation (Bujagali) Project, the Water Management and Development Project (WMDP) and the Energy for Rural Transformation Phase III Project (ERT-III). . On September 19, 2016, the Inspection Panel received a second Request for Inspection, case no. 113, related to the same projects.
The complainants raised concerns about potential social and environmental harm caused by the construction of the Isimba Dam reservoir and the consequent flooding of the KOA. While the World Bank is not financing the dam, the complainants allege the flooding will undermine the management of protected natural resources in the KOA, which is a requirement of an indemnity agreement between the International Development Association and the government of Uganda as part of the Bujagali project. The Panel registered both complaints in September 2016, and informed the Board of Executive Directors that since they raised similar issues the Panel would process them jointly.
Here's the link to case page of the first Request.
Management, in its response of October 31, 2016, argued the Requests were ineligible on several grounds. It stated the potential harm alleged by the Requesters does not stem from a Bank-supported project, but is related to the development of the Isimba project, which is not financed by the Bank and, as a result, cannot be subject to Panel review. Management also contended that the Bujagali project is completed and, as such, not eligible for Panel review. It further stated that the two other projects do not relate to the harm alleged in the Requests. Finally, management stated that the issues raised in these Requests were addressed in the Panel’s recommendation relating to prior requests in 2001 and 2007.
The Panel on December 16, 2016, recommended to defer by up to one year its decision on whether an investigation of the three projects was warranted. The Panel stated deferring its decision would allow it to wait for the completion of the Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) addendum that Bank management was preparing and follow-up actions by the Bank. On April 4, 2017, the Board approved the Panel’s recommendation to defer its decision regarding WMDP and the ERT-III, but found that the Bujagali project was not eligible to be investigated because the project was closed.
In the intervening period, the Panel kept in contact with the Requesters and Bank management, and a Panel team visited Uganda on February 7-11, 2018. On May 3, 2018, the Panel sent to the Board its Second Report and Recommendation that recommended an investigation of the alleged issues of harm and related potential non-compliance plausibly linked to the two projects. In making that recommendation, the Panel noted the importance of investigating the timing and adequacy of management’s actions in response to the government of Uganda’s decision to build the Isimba Dam, which threatens the integrity of the KOA in potential non-compliance with the Kalagala Offset Sustainable Management Plan under the WMDP. The Panel also noted that the timing, sequencing and adequacy of the ESIA addendum, financed under the ERT-III with analysis of alternatives limited to Isimba Dam’s differing heights, reservoir levels and water level regimes, could constitute potential non-compliance with Bank Policies on Environmental Assessment and Natural Habitats, among others.
The Board approved the Panel’s recommendation to investigate on September 19, 2018.
Request for Inspection2.57 MB
Notice of Registration(Second Request)282.46 KB
Management Response4.54 MB
Inspection Panel First Report and Recommendation7.19 MB
Management Actions Update6.56 MB
Inspection Panel Second Report and Recommendation13.32 MB
Investigation Plan48.38 KB
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Stanford’s d.school students integrate artwork into expanding children’s hospital
November 21, 2016 | Kate DeTrempe, ALucia
Construction Updates, Design.
Students of the Stanford d.school explored opportunities to further integrate art and design into plans for the new Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital Stanford
Graduate students from the Institute of Design at Stanford, also known as the d.school, joined forces with the Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital Stanford expansion team last week to explore ways to further integrate artwork and other creative elements into plans for the expanding pediatric and obstetric hospital campus.
When Lucile Packard founded the hospital in 1991, she imagined a place that nurtured both the body and soul of every child. She believed in the power of nature and art as an important part of the healing process for patients, and wanted kids to be treated like kids – not just as patients. The new 521,000 square foot main building will carry forward this vision, in part through three major art installations: signage and murals depicting the California ecosystem, a photo timeline showcasing the history of the hospital and Stanford University, and a one-of-a-kind “Incrediball” machine, a larger-than-life installation in the new lobby. The Incrediball is likened to a pinball machine and Mouse Trap, where a ball travels through an engineered course of the Stanford Campus.
Throughout the semester, six groups of d.school students worked together to come up with ways to make the art installations more interactive for patients and families, beyond just their visual appeal. To prepare for their projects, the design teams visited Packard Children’s patients and families living at Ronald McDonald House Stanford, met with members of the Child and Family Life Services team, and toured the hospital construction site.
Taking key learnings from each of these visits, the design teams each focused on one of the three installations, and designed projects to make the art more accessible, engaging and educational for visitors to the hospital. They presented their final projects on November 15 to an audience including fellow students, hospital staff and representatives from the Lucile Packard Foundation for Children’s Health. Presentations included “The Incrediball Challenge,” which would allow visitors to decorate their own balls to use within the machine; an “Ecoadventure” activity book that would bring the California ecosystem artwork to patients in an interactive format; a customizable scavenger hunt that would lead patients and families throughout the hospital; an app that creates virtual pets for patients to design and care for; an “Adviewture” educational tool designed to educate visitors about the ecosystem art around them; and a detective game device built to get patients out of the waiting room to explore the hospital.
An “Ecoadventure” activity book designed to keep patients entertained and explore the ecosystem artwork throughout the hospital “Design thinking is about enhancing human experience,” said Leticia Britos Cavagnaro, PhD, Co-Director, University Innovation Fellows Program, and Adjunct Professor at the d.school. “By bringing this mindset to the hospital through this project, our students have produced work that eloquently combines functional elements with the heart and healing that Packard Children’s provides each of its patients. It is something we are all extremely proud of.”
A common thread through all projects was the importance of making them scalable and customizable for different age groups, interests and levels of mobility, to appeal to and enrich the experience of all our patients.
“The d.school’s final presentations were fascinating both in terms of thoughtful responses to the patient experience and innovative ideas related to the art experience for the hospital to explore,” said Elizabeth Dunlevie, a longtime hospital supporter and chair of the expansion’s Design Task Force. “I immediately saw five or six ideas which we had not previously considered, which we will explore.”
Tags: Hospital expansion, Packard 2.0
One Response to “Stanford’s d.school students integrate artwork into expanding children’s hospital”
Monisa Wicox September 20th, 2017
Hello, I belong to an email support group called Brave Buddies, parents of Type 1 Diabetes. One parent shared a link with us and I immediately remembered it when I got to this page about artwork for the new Stanford Hospital. It is about a nurse who boxed up all her clean ‘plastic caps and such’ for years not knowing what for. Her sister took these unused items, and created a beautiful mural. To see a mural like this at Stanford would be fantastic. Not sure who is in charge of this, but please find a way to forward this info. to the right human being. Link below, Thank you.
https://www.thestar.com/life/2017/04/04/toronto-general-hospital-nurses-plastic-collection-transformed-into-mural.html
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Nurse coordinator at Stanford’s Adult Congenital Heart Program has the same disease as those she cares for
August 26, 2014 | Anisse Gross, ALucia
* Christy Sillman, RN, brings extraordinary personal experience to her work
(STANFORD, Calif.) – “Once you cut through the heart it’s never the same. It always needs to be cared for.”
That statement from Christy Sillman, RN, 34, is born of experience. A very personal experience. That’s because Sillman was born with congenital heart disease at a time when these patients weren’t expected to live to adulthood.
Now, as one of the many adult survivors needing lifelong, specialized treatment for her heart, Sillman brings special insights to her work as the nurse coordinator for the Adult Congenital Heart Program at Stanford.
“My patients tell me that they love talking to Christy because not only is she an exceptional nurse, but she gets it,” said George Lui, MD, medical director of the program and clinical assistant professor of cardiovascular medicine and pediatric cardiology at the Stanford University School of Medicine. “They’re excited to speak with someone who has been through it firsthand. Not many programs have this kind of asset.”
The Adult Congenital Heart Program at Stanford, a Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital Stanford and Stanford Health Care collaboration, brings together the expertise of pediatric and adult cardiology. “Ninety percent of children born with congenital heart disease are surviving into adulthood,” Lui said. “Advances in medical and surgical care have created a large population of adult survivors.”
That population now numbers over a million people in the U.S., according to the Adult Congenital Heart Association.
Sillman’s story began when she was born in 1980 with tetralogy of Fallot with pulmonary atresia. It’s a life-threatening condition that includes several defects of the heart, including the absence of the vessel that carries blood from the heart to the lungs. Doctors told her parents she would likely survive for only three days. Luckily, a trial drug helped keep her alive long enough to have a shunt placed, which allowed blood to flow to the lungs.
After many more treatments and surgeries throughout childhood, she finally seemed to be in the clear. But things are not always that straightforward for those born with congenital heart disease.
At age 17, Sillman was told by her doctors that a heart valve was leaky and needed to be replaced. The surgery was successful, but Sillman experienced vocal cord paralysis, thwarting her dreams of studying acting. “I started to think of a career in health education,” Sillman said. “I liked the idea of helping patients like myself.”
A year later, Sillman’s pediatric cardiologist told her she was cured, and would never need to see a cardiologist again. “He told me to have a nice life,” Sillman recalled.
Sillman did just that. She stopped seeing a cardiologist for the next 10 years, became a health educator, went to nursing school, got married in 2006 and decided to have a child.
Although supposedly “cured” of heart disease, Sillman unexpectedly developed arrhythmias during her second trimester. Doctors stabilized her and she delivered a healthy baby boy, but two months after giving birth, she was having difficulty making it up the stairs. “My doctor told me that I was just nervous.”
She found an adult congenital heart disease cardiologist who discovered she was suffering from cardiomyopathy, a disease of the heart muscle. Sillman was going into heart failure. It turned out she wasn’t cured at all. Thankfully, medication and exercise were successful treatments.
“At that point, my frustration with the medical care of people with congenital heart defects was elevated,” Sillman recalled. “I wouldn’t have been in such bad shape had I gotten the right care earlier. This motivated me to get more involved.”
That involvement was huge. Sillman talked with many people who shared similar stories, which inspired her to become an advocate, from blogging to Capitol Hill and more. When a position was available as with the program at Stanford in 2013, Sillman jumped at the chance and was hired.
“I don’t want any teenager to go through what I went through,” said Sillman. “Being told you’re cured and finding out that’s not really true? That should never happen.”
But it does. Susan Fernandes, the program’s director, said it’s estimated that more than 50 percent of adults with congenital heart disease are not receiving specialized care, and are often lost to follow-up care beginning in early adolescence.
“It’s important to know that we don’t cure congenital heart disease,” said Lui, “Instead, we provide lifelong care that patients like Christy need.”
Sillman certainly appreciates that care, and the ability to pay it forward through her work and experience. “I really like bringing a patient’s perspective to what I do,” Sillman said. “There’s nothing better than getting up in the morning and knowing that your job perfectly fits your passions.”
Discover more about our Adult Congenital Heart Program or call (650) 724-9220.
Anisse Gross
Tags: Adult Congenital Heart Program, Christy Sillman, heart, Heart Center
2 Responses to “Nurse coordinator at Stanford’s Adult Congenital Heart Program has the same disease as those she cares for”
Lynn Pearson September 17th, 2014
Brings tears of joy to my eyes. I have two granddaughters with heart defects. The youngest Brynn, has tetralogy of fallot with pulmonary atresia. She had surgery at Lucile Packard. Christy Sillman, you are an inspiration.
Kelsey Milner September 17th, 2014
As I am going through the same thing as Christy at 23, this story moved me. Thank you, Christy, for your hard work. And I do understand how hard it was and probably still is. I have been living with ToF for almost 24 years now, and I am experiencing symptoms of heart failure. Unfortunately, no one seems to care until my valve completely fails. This story gives me hope, and I appreciate it so much.
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Recycling kings
December 21, 2018 · by Your Herald · in News. ·
• Most of the old admin building has been recycled.
ABOUT 95 per cent of the materials from the demolished Fremantle council building in Kings Square will be recycled.
A total of 6443 tonnes of material was removed from the site, including 5841 tonnes of bricks and concrete, 294 tonnes of steel and 83 tonnes of general waste.
While the bulk of the project was carried out using heavy machinery, sections of the building connected to the historic Fremantle Town Hall were taken down by hand.
The project also included the removal of 224 tonnes of asbestos.
The old building was removed to make way for the city’s new civic, administration and library building, which it aims to make one of the most sustainable of its size in Australia.
Fremantle Mayor Brad Pettitt said recycling the old HQ was a great start.
“The bricks and concrete from our old building will be crushed and recycled as road base or drainage materials, while the steel will be recycled and used in the manufacture of new steel products,” he said.
“Our target is for the new building to be zero carbon, so it will have a sophisticated automated opening façade system designed to capture Fremantle’s famous sea breezes and enable natural ventilation for most of the year.
“It will have high-performance, well-shaded windows to minimise heat loss during cooler periods and minimise heat gain in summer, as well as other sustainability features like a solar PV system, energy-efficient LED lighting and water saving appliances.”
The new building, designed by Kerry Hill Architects, is part of the $270 million Kings Square revamp.
Last month Pindan Constructions was selected as the city’s preferred contractor for the project, with the contract now subject to final negotiations.
Construction is expected to start early next year.
Council watchers were up in arms last week when they discovered the council’s development partner Sirona Capital had already on-sold one of the properties it picked up cheaply as part of the deal.
Sirona had repeatedly asked for extensions to pay for the Spicer site across the road from Queensgate, then immediately offloaded it to mining magnate Andrew Forrest’s company for an unknown price.
Fremantle Society president John Dowson and local commercial advisor Martin Lee both criticised the process, saying the council had effectively been acting as a bank for Sirona and could have received greater benefit by simply putting the land up for sale on the open market.
← Adventure ahoy
Fees to curb parkers →
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All posts tagged Statehood
Bonnie K. Goodman
(Originally published on the History News Network on Tuesday, January 1, 2008)
On this day in history January 4, 1893, US President Benjamin Harrison grants amnesty to those who committed Mormon polygamy, and on January 4, 1896, Utah was admitted as the 45th state.
First & Second Attempt
Utah’s long quest for statehood was finally officially granted in 1896. It was a long struggle for Utah’s Mormons to convince the U.S. federal government that their territory should be admitted to statehood. From the first attempt at statehood in 1849–50, the major point of contention was the Mormons’ and the Church of Latter-Day Saints embrace of polygamy. The Mormons’ second attempt at statehood was simultaneous with the Republican Party’s first presidential campaign in 1856. Republican opposition to polygamy was akin to its opposition to slavery; both were condemned in the party platform as the “twin relics of barbarism.” According to recent historical scholarship the number one reason that it took Utah nearly fifty years to be admitted to the Union was because of the practice of polygamy. As historian Joan Smith Iversen writes, “Whereas Mormon historians once held that polygamy was only a diversionary issue raised by anti-Mormons who really opposed the power of the LDS church, recent interpretations by [Edward Leo] Lyman and historian Jan Shipps have found the polygamy issue to be critical to the anti-Mormon struggles.” (Iversen, 585)
In 1850, Congress refused the first request for statehood for a prosposed state named Deseret based on the lack of the requisite number of eligible voters and the huge size of the state. Instead, on September 9, 1850, President Millard Fillmore signed into law the bill creating the Utah Territory with a new border, an initial step on the path to statehood. Mormons admission after repeated denials that one of the church’s religious principles was patriarchal (plural) marriage damaged the prospects of statehood. Mormons disclosed that leading male members of the church were encouraged to marry more than one wife. The announcement elicited a negative response from the general American public, and political opposition from the federal government to all Mormon requests for Utah statehood. The government made it known to the Mormons that as long polygamy was condoned and practiced in Utah; they would not grant them statehood.
Third & Forth Attempt
The Federal government also took steps to force the Mormons to abandon polygamy. In 1862, during the third failed attempt for statehood, Congress considered legislation to prohibit plural marriage. The Morrill Anti-bigamy Act banned polygamy and dissolved the Mormon Church. It was never effectively enforced, but Congress refused to grant an 1867 request to repeal it. In 1872, there was a fourth attempt at statehood that included a ratified constitution presented to Congress. The Mormon majority was still insisting on calling the new state Deseret, even after the area was named the Utah territory. Congress again said no.
The anti-polygamy crusade heated up. In 1874, Congress passed the Poland Act, which established district courts in Utah, making it easier to prosecute polygamists. In 1879, the Supreme Court case Reynolds v. United States, Chief Justice Waite ruled that Mormon polygamy was “disruptive of peace and good order, threatening the foundations of the country,” therefore upholding the Morrill Act. (Iversen, 588) However, the crusade did not stop there. The Anti-Polygamy Society of Salt Lake City was established a year later in April 1880, when the women members of the group sent a petition to first lady Lucy Hayes requesting help to save the wives of polygamist husbands. The group, which changed its name in August 1880 to the Woman’s National Anti-Polygamy Society, pressed Congress to unseat polygamist George Q. Cannon, Utah’s territorial representative to Congress.
Fifth Attempt
In 1882, a mixed Mormon and non-Mormon constitutional convention requested for the fifth time that Utah be admitted as a state. This time the proposed constitution established Utah as “a republican form of government” and adopted the use of the name “Utah.” Congress again refused. As Larson writes, “Utah would not be admitted without complete divorcement of church and state and abolition of plural marriage.” (Poll, 258) In 1882, Congress passed a law criminalizing polygamy.
Sixth Attempt
When the Democrat Grover Cleveland was elected president, the Mormons hoped that statehood could finally be pushed through, since the Democrats had always been supportive, while the Republicans pushed for anti-polygamy legislation. Two years later the U.S. Senate passed the Edmunds-Tucker bill, which would force the LDS Church to forfeit property in excess of $50,000, and would abolish woman’s suffrage in the territory if polygamy continued. In February 1887, the bill passed both houses and Cleveland allowed it to take effect without his signature. Still, Cleveland tried to ease tensions in the manner in which he filled Utah territorial positions. Church emissaries developed an understanding with the President and some of his closest advisors, including Solicitor General George A. Jenks.
In their sixth attempt at statehood in 1887, the Utahans included a constitutional clause prohibiting polygamy (Jenks wrote it). Mormon Church leaders thought it was better to control the polygamy situation themselves, and believed the constitutional wording was enough of a goodwill gesture. Still, the Church hierarchy would not give up polygamy as a tenet and practice. Congress doubted that the Utah constitutional amendment against polygamy would be enforced, and denied statehood.
The Woodruff Manifesto
The denial showed that the Church had to do something to something to show the Mormons would end polygamist marriages. The Church attempted several goodwill gestures in 1889, first withholding the authority to perform the polygamist marriages and then razing the Endowment House on Temple Square, where many polygamous unions had been performed. This was still not enough; the Church had to make a more formal declaration against the practice, especially after the introduction of the Cullom-Struble Bill, which would have denied the vote even to non-polygamous Mormons. Church representatives sought intervention from the Secretary of State James G. Blaine, who had Republican support from Utah. According to Larson and Poll, Blaine “promise[ed] to halt congressional action on Mormon disfranchisement if the church ‘got into line.’ ” (Poll, 388) He held off the passage of the bill as long as the Church would ban polygamy.
The backlash from Washington forced the President of the Mormon Church, Wilford Woodruff, finally to relent. The official proclamation, known as the Woodruff Manifesto (September 24, 1890), declared that Endowment House had been razed and denied that polygamous marriages had been performed in 1889. The manifesto concluded, “and now, I publicly declare that my advice to the Latter-day Saints is to refrain from conducting any marriage forbidden by the law of the land.” (Poll, 372)
The Secretary of the Interior, John W. Noble, did not accept the manifesto as authoritative “without its acceptance by the [church] conference.” On October 6, 1890, the Mormons gathered and unanimously approved the manifesto. The historian Howard R. Lamar has called the move “the policy of superior virtue and patriotic conformity.” (Poll, 387) Washington remained cautious about the manifesto, and President Benjamin Harrison still did not believe Utah should be admitted as a state. The church’s action finally persuaded the territorial governor, a zealous anti-polygamy crusader, that Utah deserved statehood.
There remained one issue that Washington wanted resolved before Utah’s petition could be accepted; the people had to establish branches of the two national political parties. Until that point the political parties were aligned with religious beliefs; the Peoples party was Mormon; the Liberal party was non-Mormon. The system blurred the division of state and church that characterized the American political system, and was the last barrier to statehood. As the historians Gustive O. Larson and Richard D. Poll write: “As long as the People’s Party functioned as the political arm of the Mormon Church, the church-state struggle was certain to continue, with the Liberal Party blocking every approach to membership in the Union. With the ‘twin relic’ out of the way, it became increasingly clear to moderates in both parties that the road out of territorial subordination must be by way of national political affiliations.” (Poll, 387)
In response Utah’s population, which was still 90 percent Mormon, decided to adopt the national political parties. Although traditionally the Utah territory was more inclined to side with the Democratic Party, while Cleveland had been in power the party had not reached out enough to the Mormons. It seemed more beneficial to side with the Republicans, especially since they were in power. Still, many of the Mormon members supported the Democrats. Apostle Abraham H. Cannon wrote in his journal on June 9, 1891 that he feared the support for Democrats was a hindrance to statehood: “The danger of our people all becoming Democrats . . . is feared, and the results of such a course would doubtless prove disastrous to us.” He continued, “It is felt that efforts should be made to instruct our people in Republicanism and thus win them to that party.” (Poll, 389)
To secure statehood the Church dissolved the People’s Party on June 10, 1891 and established a two party system by arbitrarily dividing the membership equally into two groups. The dissolution of the People’s Party caused President Cleveland to send a telegram of “Congratulations to the Democracy of this Territory on their organization.”
After the Mormon Church abolished polygamy and the People’s Party, the leaders tried to protect those Mormons who had been prosecuted for polygamy by requesting amnesty from President Harrison. On December 21, 1891, the Church leaders submitted a formal petition for amnesty endorsed by Governor Arthur L. Thomas and Chief Justice Zane. President Harrison was reluctant to grant it, since it was an election year and would alienate voters. But after he lost the election, he agreed to the grant of amnesty. Republican leaders thought it would vindicate the party since they promised to help the Mormons gain statehood, and Utah’s admission as a state had political significance. On January 4, 1893, Harrison granted amnesty and a pardon “to all persons liable . . . by reason of unlawful cohabitation . . . who since November 1, 1890, have abstained from unlawful cohabitation.” In July the Utah Commission proclaimed that “amnestied polygamists be allowed to vote.” (Poll, 392)
Utah was in the home stretch to finally become a state. On July 16, 1894, President Grover Cleveland, in his second term, granted a pardon to all, restoring civil rights to all former polygamists who had been disenfranchised. At the same time he signed the Enabling Act which Congress passed delineating the final steps required to advance to statehood. As the New York Times reported at the time, “The signing of the Utah Bill for Statehood closes one of the most remarkable contests in the history of American politics. The Territory has been an applicant for statehood and really eligible in population and wealth for many years….The struggle over polygamy and the Mormon Church has deferred it admission until the present time.” (NYT, 7–18–1894)
All that remained was to hold a constitutional convention. On November 6, 1894, voters elected 107 delegates to the convention in Salt Lake City; 77 were Mormons and 30 were polygamists. On March 4, 1895, the delegates met to frame the new state’s constitution, which included this clause: “polygamous or plural marriages are forever prohibited.” (Utah Constitution) The constitution was completed on May 6, 1895, signed on May 8, and ratified at the general election on November 5, 1895.
Finally, on January 4, 1896, Utah was admitted as the 45th state in the Union, and its entry was based on the Mormon Church’s renunciation of polygamy. Most of those outside the church believed the issue of polygamy was put to rest, but some critics remained suspicious that many of the plural marriages that were performed before 1890, were not in fact aborted. Still B. Carmon Hardy writes, “To most outside the church, however, Mormonism appeared honestly and forever to have put its greatest evil away. The [Woodruff] Manifesto had succeeded in its intent and Utah had won its star in the flag.” (Hardy, 153) Although Utah was admitted into the union over a hundred years ago the polygamist past of the Mormons still haunts them, as Mitt Romney has discovered in his quest for the presidency in 2008 and 2012.
Gordon, Sarah Barringer. The Mormon Question: Polygamy and Constitutional Conflict in Nineteenth Century America. Chapel Hill: University of North Carloina Press, 2002.
Hardy, B. Carmon. Solemn Covenant: The Mormon Polygamous Passage. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1992).
Iversen, Joan Smyth. “A Debate on the American Home: The Antipolygamy Controversy, 1880–1890.” Journal of the History of Sexuality, Vol. 1, №4. (Apr., 1991), pp. 585–602.
Larsen, Gustive O. The Americanization of Utah for Statehood. San Marino, Calif.: Huntington Library, 1971.
Lyman, Edward Leo. Political Deliverance: The Mormon Quest for Utah Statehood. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1986.
Poll, Richard D. et al. eds. Utah’s History. Logan: Utah State University Press, 1989.
Sarna, Jonathan D. ed. Minority Faiths and the American Protestant Mainstream. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1997.
Bonnie K. Goodman has a BA and MLIS from McGill University and has done graduate work in religion at Concordia University. She is a journalist, librarian, historian & editor, and a former Features Editor at the History News Network & reporter at Examiner.com where she covered politics, universities, religion, and news. She has a dozen years of experience in education & political journalism.
by bonniekgoodman on January 4, 2019 • Permalink
Posted in American History, History Buzz Features, History Buzz Topics, OTD History, Religious History, US History
Tagged American History, History, Mormonism, Religion, Statehood, Utah
Posted by bonniekgoodman on January 4, 2019
https://historymusings.wordpress.com/2019/01/04/otd-in-history-january-4-1896-utah-is-admitted-as-the-45th-state-of-the-union/
Political Buzz September 21, 2011: President Barack Obama Addresses the (UN) United Nations General Assembly About Israel & Opposing Palestinian Statehood — Obama Meets with Israel PM Benjamin Netanyahu Deserves ‘Badge of honor’
Ms. Goodman is the Editor of History Musings. She has a BA in History & Art History & a Masters in Library and Information Studies from McGill University, and has done graduate work in history at Concordia University.
Shannon Stapleton/REUTERS
U.S. President Barack Obama addresses the 66th United Nations General Assembly at the U.N. headquarters in New York, September 21, 2011.
IN FOCUS: UNITED NATIONS GENERAL ASSEMBLY, ISRAEL AND PALESTINIAN BID FOR STATEHOOD
“Peace will not come through statements and resolutions at the U.N. – if it were that easy, it would have been accomplished by now. Ultimately, it is the Israelis and Palestinians, not us, who must reach agreement on the issues that divide them, on borders and security; on refugees and Jerusalem.” — President Barack Obama Speaking at the UN
Full Text September 21, 2011: President Barack Obama’s Speech at the (UN) United Nations General Assembly About Israel & Opposing Palestinian Statehood (Transcript) — WH, 9-21-11
Full Text September 21, 2011: Statements by President Barack Obama and Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu as They Began their Meeting at the UN General Assembly (Transcript) — WH, 9-21-11
Obama: No short cut to peace in Middle East: President Barack Obama declared Wednesday that there could be no short cut to peace between Israel and the Palestinians, as he sought to head off a looming diplomatic crisis for the Middle East and U.S. policy there…. – AP, 9-21-11
Obama seeks to save Mideast policy from U.N. debacle: Addressing world leaders at the opening of a U.N. General Assembly session, Obama — whose earlier peace initiatives accomplished little — put the onus on the two sides to break a yearlong impasse and get back to the negotiating table…. – Reuters, 9-21-11
“I want to thank you Mr. President for standing with Israel and supporting peace. We both agree that Palestinians and Israelis should sit down and negotiate. … This is the only way to get a stable and durable peace.” — Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu
“The bonds between the U.S. and Israel are unbreakable. Peace cannot be imposed on the parties. It’s going to have to be negotiated. … The ultimate goal of all of us is two states side-by-side living in peace.” — President Barack Obama
Netanyahu to Obama: ‘Badge of honor’ on Palestinians: Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu told President Obama today that his opposition to United Nations recognition of Palestinian statehood is “a badge of honor.”
Obama met with Netanyahu after speaking to the United Nations General Assembly, where he urged members not to recognize a new Palestinian state so that the Palestinians and Israelis could work out difficult issues…. – USA Today, 9-21-11
“Standing Your Ground (On Israel) Is A Badge of Honor”: Before meeting with Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu this morning at the UN, President Obama said that “the bonds between the United States and Israel are unbreakable.”
The president, who has publicly clashed with Netanyahu in the past, delivered a message at the UN today that contained little to rankle the conservative Israeli leader, given their mutual opposition to the Palestinian bid for statehood before any peace treaty has been worked out…. – ABC News, 9-21-11
Benjamin Netanyahu: President Obama deserves ‘badge of honor’: Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu praised President Barack Obama’s efforts to dissuade Palestinian leaders from pushing for a United Nations vote on statehood, calling Obama’s actions a “badge of honor” for the president. … – Politico, 9-21-11
Netanyahu tells Obama Palestinian UN bid doomed: Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu on Wednesday said that direct negotiation was the only way to achieve a stable Middle East peace and the Palestinian effort to secure UN recognition of statehood “will not succeed.”…. – Ynetnews, 9-21-11
Obama, at U.N., Explains Rationale for Opposing Palestinian Statehood Bid: President Obama declared his opposition to the Palestinian Authority’s bid for statehood through the Security Council on Wednesday, throwing the weight of the United States directly in the path of the Arab democracy movement even as he hailed what he called the democratic aspirations that have taken hold throughout the Middle East and North Africa.
“Peace will not come through statements and resolutions at the U.N.,” Mr. Obama said, in an address before world leaders at the General Assembly. “If it were that easy, it would have been accomplished by now.”
Instead, Mr. Obama said, the international community should continue to push Israelis and Palestinians toward talks on the four intractable “final status” issues that have vexed peace negotiations since 1979: the borders of a Palestinian state, security for Israel, the status of Palestinian refugees who left or were forced to leave their homes in Israel, and the fate of Jerusalem, which both sides claim for their capital…. – NYT, 9-21-11
Obama urges U.N. to stay out of Israel-Palestinian conflict: President Obama urged world leaders Wednesday morning to stay out of the conflict over Palestinian statehood as American diplomats pushed to delay a vote on the question during this week’s general assembly of the United Nations.
Speaking to the full assembly, Obama argued that the two sides will never live in peace unless they work it out themselves.
Obama was scheduled to meet privately with Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu immediately after his morning address, and then to see Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas late in the afternoon…. – LAT, 9-21-11
Obama: No ‘Shortcut’ to Peace Between Israelis, Palestinians: AP President Obama speaks during the 66th session of the General Assembly at United Nations headquarters Sept. 21. President Obama said Wednesday there is no “shortcut” to Middle East peace, as he urged the Palestinians to abandon their push for a state…. – Fox News, 9-21-11
Obama U.N. speech: ‘No shortcut’ to Mideast peace: President Barack Obama told a meeting of the United Nations General Assembly Wednesday that Mideast peace “will not come through statements and resolutions” by the world body, arguing against a proposed resolution calling for U.N. recognition of Palestine as a sovereign state.
“I am convinced that there is no shortcut to the end of a conflict that has endured for decades. Peace will not come through statements and resolutions at the UN – if it were that easy, it would have been accomplished by now,” he told the UN General Assembly. “Ultimately, it is Israelis and Palestinians who must live side by side. Ultimately, it is Israelis and Palestinians — not us — who must reach agreement on the issues that divide them: on borders and security; on refugees and Jerusalem.”… – Politico, 9-21-11
Obama Says ‘No Shortcut’ to Palestinian Statehood: President Barack Obama appealed to a United Nations General Assembly packed with supporters of Palestinian statehood to hold off UN recognition until the Palestinians and Israelis can work out a peace deal…. – WSJ, 9-21-11
Obama Confronts Palestinian Bid for Statehood at UN: ‘Peace Is Hard’: In a last-ditch attempt to prevent a showdown with the Palestinian territorities over their bid for statehood at the United Nations later this week, President Obama argued his case for a two-state Middle East solution before the General Assembly today…. – ABC News, 9-21-11
“Once again it’s been proven to all the doubters, President Obama is an ally and friend of Israel. The Obama administration gives backing to Israel’s security in a wide, all-encompassing and unprecedented manner.” — Defense Minister Ehud Barak in a statement
Ehud Barak: Obama’s speech again proves that he is a true ally: Defense Minister Ehud Barak on Wednesday responded to US President Barack Obama’s speech at the UN General Assembly, saying the address was proof of the strong relationship between the American leader and Israel…. – Jerusalem Post, 9-21-11
Barak: Obama Speech Proves His Friendship with Israel: Defense Minister Ehud Barak (Atzmaut) responded to United States President Barack Obama’s United Nations General Assembly address on Wednesday, saying the speech was proof of the strong relationship between the American leader and Israel.
Barak expressed hope that Obama’s speech and developments at the UN would lead to to the resumption of talks with the Western-backed Palestinian Authority…. – Israel National News, 9-21-11
“I congratulate President Obama, and I am ready to sign on this speech with both hands.” — Israel Foreign Minister Avigdor Lieberman
Israel Foreign Minister Avigdor Lieberman praises Obama’s UN General Assembly speech: FM states that he does not resort to ‘threats’ against the Palestinians in light of their UN statehood bid; Opposition leader Livni says Obama correct to demand negotiations, emphasizing that UN speeches will not ‘change a thing’…. – Ha’aretz, 9-21-11
“Let us cease our endless debates on the parameters. Let us begin negotiations and adopt a precise timetable.” — President Nicolas Sarkozy of France
France Breaks With Obama on Palestinian Statehood Issue: President Nicolas Sarkozy of France broke sharply on Wednesday with the effort by the Obama administration and some Europeans to quash the effort by the Palestinians for recognition here, instead calling for enhancing their status in the General Assembly to that of an observer state.
The French leader, speaking from the famous green marble podium of the General Assembly barely an hour after President Obama, also said it was time to change the formula in trying to negotiate an Arab-Israeli peace, taking an indirect swipe at the United States by saying the efforts so far were a complete failure…. – NYT, 9-21-11
Obama stands firm against Palestinian statehood plan: U.S. President Barack Obama on Wednesday rejected Palestinian plans to seek UN blessing for statehood and urged a return to peace talks with Israel as he tried to head off a looming diplomatic disaster.
Addressing the UN General Assembly, Obama — whose earlier peace efforts accomplished little — insisted Middle East peace “will not come through statements and resolutions” at the world body and put the onus on the two sides to break a yearlong impasse.
“There is no short cut to the end of a conflict that has endured for decades. Peace is hard work,” Obama told an annual gathering of world leaders.
Grappling with economic woes and low poll numbers at home and growing doubts about his leadership abroad, Obama is wading into Middle East diplomacy at a critical juncture for his presidency and America’s credibility around the globe…. – National Post, 9-21-11
Palestinians rally in West Bank while others clash with Israeli soldiers nearby: Palestinians take part in a rally in the West Bank city of Hebron September 21. Flag-waving Palestinians filled the squares of major West Bank cities on Wednesday to rally behind President Mahmoud Abbas’s bid for statehood recognition at the United Nations…. – MSNBC, 9-21-11
Baby girl injured during violent clashes in W. Bank: Demonstrators burn tires, throw stones at security forces; IDF uses new non-lethal sonic crowd dispersal weapon; injured man treated on scene. Clashes broke out between Palestinians and Israeli security forces in the West Bank…. – Jerusalem Post, 9-21-11
by bonniekgoodman on September 21, 2011 • Permalink
Posted in Foreign Policy, Middle East, Political Buzz, President Barack Obama
Tagged Barack Obama, Benjamin Netayahu, General Assembly, Israel, Palestinians, Peace Process, Statehood, UN, United Nations, United States
Posted by bonniekgoodman on September 21, 2011
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Full Text September 21, 2011: Statements by President Barack Obama and Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu as They Began their Meeting at the UN General Assembly (Transcript)
POLITICAL QUOTES & SPEECHES:
Remarks by President Obama and Prime Minister Netanyahu of Israel before Bilateral Meeting
11:01 A.M. EDT
THE PRESIDENT: Well, I want to welcome Prime Minister Netanyahu both to the United States and to New York. As I just said in the speech that I gave before the U.N. General Assembly, the bonds between the United States and Israel are unbreakable. And the United States’ commitment to Israel’s security is unbreakable. I think it’s fair to say that, today, our security cooperation is stronger than it has ever been.
I’m looking forward to a good discussion with Prime Minister Netanyahu about the events not only here in the United Nations, but also developments that have been taking place in the region.
As I just indicated, peace cannot be imposed on the parties. It’s going to have to be negotiated. One side’s actions in the United Nations will achieve neither statehood nor self-determination for the Palestinians. But Israelis and Palestinians sitting down together and working through these very difficult issues that have kept the parties apart for decades now, that is what can achieve what is, I know, the ultimate goal of all of us, which is two states, side by side, living in peace and security.
Recent events in the region remind us of how fragile peace can be, and why the pursuit of Middle East peace is more urgent than ever. But as we pursue that peace, I know that the Prime Minister recognizes that America’s commitment to Israel will never waver, and that our pursuit of a just and lasting peace is one that is not only compatible, but we think puts Israel’s security at the forefront.
So it is a great pleasure to have the Prime Minister here. I want to thank him for his efforts and his cooperation, and I’m looking forward to an excellent discussion.
PRIME MINISTER NETANYAHU: Thank you, Mr. President. Well, I want to thank you, Mr. President, for standing with Israel and supporting peace through direct negotiations. We both agree that this is the only way to achieve peace. We both agree that Palestinians and Israelis should sit down and negotiate an agreement of mutual recognition and security. I think this is the only way to get to a stable and durable peace.
But you’ve also made it clear that the Palestinians deserve a state, but it’s a state that has to make that peace with Israel. And, therefore, their attempt to shortcut this process, not negotiate a peace — that attempt to get membership — state membership in the United Nations will not succeed.
I think the Palestinians want to achieve a state through the international community, but they’re not prepared yet to give peace to Israel in return. And my hope is that there will be other leaders in the world, responsible leaders, who will heed your call, Mr. President, and oppose this effort to shortcut peace negotiations — in fact, to avoid them. Because I think that avoiding these negotiations is bad for Israel, bad for the Palestinians, and bad for peace.
Now, I know that these leaders are under enormous pressure, and I know that they’re also –- and this — from personal experience, I can tell you the automatic majority is against Israel. But I think that standing your ground, taking this position of principle — which is also I think the right position to achieve peace — I think this is a — this is a badge of honor. And I want to thank you for wearing that badge of honor, and also, I would express my hope that others will follow your example, Mr. President. So I want to thank you for that.
Posted in Foreign Policy, Middle East, Political Speeches & Documents, President Barack Obama
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Full Text September 21, 2011: President Barack Obama’s Speech at the (UN) United Nations General Assembly About Israel & Opposing Palestinian Statehood (Transcript)
Doug Mills/The New York Times
President Obama addressed the United Nations General Assembly on Wednesday.
Remarks by President Obama in Address to the United Nations General Assembly
PRESIDENT OBAMA: Mr. President, Mr. Secretary General, fellow delegates, ladies and gentlemen: It is a great honor for me to be here today. I would like to talk to you about a subject that is at the heart of the United Nations — the pursuit of peace in an imperfect world.
War and conflict have been with us since the beginning of civilizations. But in the first part of the 20th century, the advance of modern weaponry led to death on a staggering scale. It was this killing that compelled the founders of this body to build an institution that was focused not just on ending one war, but on averting others; a union of sovereign states that would seek to prevent conflict, while also addressing its causes.
No American did more to pursue this objective than President Franklin Roosevelt. He knew that a victory in war was not enough. As he said at one of the very first meetings on the founding of the United Nations, “We have got to make, not merely peace, but a peace that will last.”
The men and women who built this institution understood that peace is more than just the absence of war. A lasting peace — for nations and for individuals — depends on a sense of justice and opportunity, of dignity and freedom. It depends on struggle and sacrifice, on compromise, and on a sense of common humanity.
One delegate to the San Francisco Conference that led to the creation of the United Nations put it well: “Many people,” she said, “have talked as if all that has to be done to get peace was to say loudly and frequently that we loved peace and we hated war. Now we have learned that no matter how much we love peace and hate war, we cannot avoid having war brought upon us if there are convulsions in other parts of the world.”
The fact is peace is hard. But our people demand it. Over nearly seven decades, even as the United Nations helped avert a third world war, we still live in a world scarred by conflict and plagued by poverty. Even as we proclaim our love for peace and our hatred of war, there are still convulsions in our world that endanger us all.
I took office at a time of two wars for the United States. Moreover, the violent extremists who drew us into war in the first place — Osama bin Laden, and his al Qaeda organization — remained at large. Today, we’ve set a new direction.
At the end of this year, America’s military operation in Iraq will be over. We will have a normal relationship with a sovereign nation that is a member of the community of nations. That equal partnership will be strengthened by our support for Iraq — for its government and for its security forces, for its people and for their aspirations.
As we end the war in Iraq, the United States and our coalition partners have begun a transition in Afghanistan. Between now and 2014, an increasingly capable Afghan government and security forces will step forward to take responsibility for the future of their country. As they do, we are drawing down our own forces, while building an enduring partnership with the Afghan people.
So let there be no doubt: The tide of war is receding. When I took office, roughly 180,000 Americans were serving in Iraq and Afghanistan. By the end of this year, that number will be cut in half, and it will continue to decline. This is critical for the sovereignty of Iraq and Afghanistan. It’s also critical to the strength of the United States as we build our nation at home.
Moreover, we are poised to end these wars from a position of strength. Ten years ago, there was an open wound and twisted steel, a broken heart in the center of this city. Today, as a new tower is rising at Ground Zero, it symbolizes New York’s renewal, even as al Qaeda is under more pressure than ever before. Its leadership has been degraded. And Osama bin Laden, a man who murdered thousands of people from dozens of countries, will never endanger the peace of the world again.
So, yes, this has been a difficult decade. But today, we stand at a crossroads of history with the chance to move decisively in the direction of peace. To do so, we must return to the wisdom of those who created this institution. The United Nations’ Founding Charter calls upon us, “to unite our strength to maintain international peace and security.” And Article 1 of this General Assembly’s Universal Declaration of Human Rights reminds us that, “All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and in rights.” Those bedrock beliefs — in the responsibility of states, and the rights of men and women — must be our guide.
And in that effort, we have reason to hope. This year has been a time of extraordinary transformation. More nations have stepped forward to maintain international peace and security. And more individuals are claiming their universal right to live in freedom and dignity.
Think about it: One year ago, when we met here in New York, the prospect of a successful referendum in South Sudan was in doubt. But the international community overcame old divisions to support the agreement that had been negotiated to give South Sudan self-determination. And last summer, as a new flag went up in Juba, former soldiers laid down their arms, men and women wept with joy, and children finally knew the promise of looking to a future that they will shape.
One year ago, the people of Côte D’Ivoire approached a landmark election. And when the incumbent lost, and refused to respect the results, the world refused to look the other way. U.N. peacekeepers were harassed, but they did not leave their posts. The Security Council, led by the United States and Nigeria and France, came together to support the will of the people. And Côte D’Ivoire is now governed by the man who was elected to lead.
One year ago, the hopes of the people of Tunisia were suppressed. But they chose the dignity of peaceful protest over the rule of an iron fist. A vendor lit a spark that took his own life, but he ignited a movement. In a face of a crackdown, students spelled out the word, “freedom.” The balance of fear shifted from the ruler to those that he ruled. And now the people of Tunisia are preparing for elections that will move them one step closer to the democracy that they deserve.
One year ago, Egypt had known one President for nearly 30 years. But for 18 days, the eyes of the world were glued to Tahrir Square, where Egyptians from all walks of life — men and women, young and old, Muslim and Christian — demanded their universal rights. We saw in those protesters the moral force of non-violence that has lit the world from Delhi to Warsaw, from Selma to South Africa — and we knew that change had come to Egypt and to the Arab world.
One year ago, the people of Libya were ruled by the world’s longest-serving dictator. But faced with bullets and bombs and a dictator who threatened to hunt them down like rats, they showed relentless bravery. We will never forget the words of the Libyan who stood up in those early days of the revolution and said, “Our words are free now.” It’s a feeling you can’t explain. Day after day, in the face of bullets and bombs, the Libyan people refused to give back that freedom. And when they were threatened by the kind of mass atrocity that often went unchallenged in the last century, the United Nations lived up to its charter. The Security Council authorized all necessary measures to prevent a massacre. The Arab League called for this effort; Arab nations joined a NATO-led coalition that halted Qaddafi’s forces in their tracks.
In the months that followed, the will of the coalition proved unbreakable, and the will of the Libyan people could not be denied. Forty-two years of tyranny was ended in six months. From Tripoli to Misurata to Benghazi — today, Libya is free. Yesterday, the leaders of a new Libya took their rightful place beside us, and this week, the United States is reopening our embassy in Tripoli.
This is how the international community is supposed to work — nations standing together for the sake of peace and security, and individuals claiming their rights. Now, all of us have a responsibility to support the new Libya — the new Libyan government as they confront the challenge of turning this moment of promise into a just and lasting peace for all Libyans.
So this has been a remarkable year. The Qaddafi regime is over. Gbagbo, Ben Ali, Mubarak are no longer in power. Osama bin Laden is gone, and the idea that change could only come through violence has been buried with him. Something is happening in our world. The way things have been is not the way that they will be. The humiliating grip of corruption and tyranny is being pried open. Dictators are on notice. Technology is putting power into the hands of the people. The youth are delivering a powerful rebuke to dictatorship, and rejecting the lie that some races, some peoples, some religions, some ethnicities do not desire democracy. The promise written down on paper — “all human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights” — is closer at hand.
But let us remember: Peace is hard. Peace is hard. Progress can be reversed. Prosperity comes slowly. Societies can split apart. The measure of our success must be whether people can live in sustained freedom, dignity, and security. And the United Nations and its member states must do their part to support those basic aspirations. And we have more work to do.
In Iran, we’ve seen a government that refuses to recognize the rights of its own people. As we meet here today, men and women and children are being tortured, detained and murdered by the Syrian regime. Thousands have been killed, many during the holy time of Ramadan. Thousands more have poured across Syria’s borders. The Syrian people have shown dignity and courage in their pursuit of justice — protesting peacefully, standing silently in the streets, dying for the same values that this institution is supposed to stand for. And the question for us is clear: Will we stand with the Syrian people, or with their oppressors?
Already, the United States has imposed strong sanctions on Syria’s leaders. We supported a transfer of power that is responsive to the Syrian people. And many of our allies have joined in this effort. But for the sake of Syria — and the peace and security of the world — we must speak with one voice. There’s no excuse for inaction. Now is the time for the United Nations Security Council to sanction the Syrian regime, and to stand with the Syrian people.
Throughout the region, we will have to respond to the calls for change. In Yemen, men, women and children gather by the thousands in towns and city squares every day with the hope that their determination and spilled blood will prevail over a corrupt system. America supports those aspirations. We must work with Yemen’s neighbors and our partners around the world to seek a path that allows for a peaceful transition of power from President Saleh, and a movement to free and fair elections as soon as possible.
In Bahrain, steps have been taken toward reform and accountability. We’re pleased with that, but more is required. America is a close friend of Bahrain, and we will continue to call on the government and the main opposition bloc — the Wifaq — to pursue a meaningful dialogue that brings peaceful change that is responsive to the people. We believe the patriotism that binds Bahrainis together must be more powerful than the sectarian forces that would tear them apart. It will be hard, but it is possible.
We believe that each nation must chart its own course to fulfill the aspirations of its people, and America does not expect to agree with every party or person who expresses themselves politically. But we will always stand up for the universal rights that were embraced by this Assembly. Those rights depend on elections that are free and fair; on governance that is transparent and accountable; respect for the rights of women and minorities; justice that is equal and fair. That is what our people deserve. Those are the elements of peace that can last.
Moreover, the United States will continue to support those nations that transition to democracy — with greater trade and investment — so that freedom is followed by opportunity. We will pursue a deeper engagement with governments, but also with civil society — students and entrepreneurs, political parties and the press. We have banned those who abuse human rights from traveling to our country. And we’ve sanctioned those who trample on human rights abroad. And we will always serve as a voice for those who’ve been silenced.
Now, I know, particularly this week, that for many in this hall, there’s one issue that stands as a test for these principles and a test for American foreign policy, and that is the conflict between the Israelis and the Palestinians.
One year ago, I stood at this podium and I called for an independent Palestine. I believed then, and I believe now, that the Palestinian people deserve a state of their own. But what I also said is that a genuine peace can only be realized between the Israelis and the Palestinians themselves. One year later, despite extensive efforts by America and others, the parties have not bridged their differences. Faced with this stalemate, I put forward a new basis for negotiations in May of this year. That basis is clear. It’s well known to all of us here. Israelis must know that any agreement provides assurances for their security. Palestinians deserve to know the territorial basis of their state.
Now, I know that many are frustrated by the lack of progress. I assure you, so am I. But the question isn’t the goal that we seek — the question is how do we reach that goal. And I am convinced that there is no short cut to the end of a conflict that has endured for decades. Peace is hard work. Peace will not come through statements and resolutions at the United Nations — if it were that easy, it would have been accomplished by now. Ultimately, it is the Israelis and the Palestinians who must live side by side. Ultimately, it is the Israelis and the Palestinians — not us –- who must reach agreement on the issues that divide them: on borders and on security, on refugees and Jerusalem.
Ultimately, peace depends upon compromise among people who must live together long after our speeches are over, long after our votes have been tallied. That’s the lesson of Northern Ireland, where ancient antagonists bridged their differences. That’s the lesson of Sudan, where a negotiated settlement led to an independent state. And that is and will be the path to a Palestinian state — negotiations between the parties.
We seek a future where Palestinians live in a sovereign state of their own, with no limit to what they can achieve. There’s no question that the Palestinians have seen that vision delayed for too long. It is precisely because we believe so strongly in the aspirations of the Palestinian people that America has invested so much time and so much effort in the building of a Palestinian state, and the negotiations that can deliver a Palestinian state.
But understand this as well: America’s commitment to Israel’s security is unshakeable. Our friendship with Israel is deep and enduring. And so we believe that any lasting peace must acknowledge the very real security concerns that Israel faces every single day.
Let us be honest with ourselves: Israel is surrounded by neighbors that have waged repeated wars against it. Israel’s citizens have been killed by rockets fired at their houses and suicide bombs on their buses. Israel’s children come of age knowing that throughout the region, other children are taught to hate them. Israel, a small country of less than eight million people, look out at a world where leaders of much larger nations threaten to wipe it off of the map. The Jewish people carry the burden of centuries of exile and persecution, and fresh memories of knowing that six million people were killed simply because of who they are. Those are facts. They cannot be denied.
The Jewish people have forged a successful state in their historic homeland. Israel deserves recognition. It deserves normal relations with its neighbors. And friends of the Palestinians do them no favors by ignoring this truth, just as friends of Israel must recognize the need to pursue a two-state solution with a secure Israel next to an independent Palestine.
That is the truth — each side has legitimate aspirations — and that’s part of what makes peace so hard. And the deadlock will only be broken when each side learns to stand in the other’s shoes; each side can see the world through the other’s eyes. That’s what we should be encouraging. That’s what we should be promoting.
This body — founded, as it was, out of the ashes of war and genocide, dedicated, as it is, to the dignity of every single person — must recognize the reality that is lived by both the Palestinians and the Israelis. The measure of our actions must always be whether they advance the right of Israeli and Palestinian children to live lives of peace and security and dignity and opportunity. And we will only succeed in that effort if we can encourage the parties to sit down, to listen to each other, and to understand each other’s hopes and each other’s fears. That is the project to which America is committed. There are no shortcuts. And that is what the United Nations should be focused on in the weeks and months to come.
Now, even as we confront these challenges of conflict and revolution, we must also recognize — we must also remind ourselves — that peace is not just the absence of war. True peace depends on creating the opportunity that makes life worth living. And to do that, we must confront the common enemies of humanity: nuclear weapons and poverty, ignorance and disease. These forces corrode the possibility of lasting peace and together we’re called upon to confront them.
To lift the specter of mass destruction, we must come together to pursue the peace and security of a world without nuclear weapons. Over the last two years, we’ve begun to walk down that path. Since our Nuclear Security Summit in Washington, nearly 50 nations have taken steps to secure nuclear materials from terrorists and smugglers. Next March, a summit in Seoul will advance our efforts to lock down all of them. The New START Treaty between the United States and Russia will cut our deployed arsenals to the lowest level in half a century, and our nations are pursuing talks on how to achieve even deeper reductions. America will continue to work for a ban on the testing of nuclear weapons and the production of fissile material needed to make them.
And so we have begun to move in the right direction. And the United States is committed to meeting our obligations. But even as we meet our obligations, we’ve strengthened the treaties and institutions that help stop the spread of these weapons. And to do so, we must continue to hold accountable those nations that flout them.
The Iranian government cannot demonstrate that its program is peaceful. It has not met its obligations and it rejects offers that would provide it with peaceful nuclear power. North Korea has yet to take concrete steps towards abandoning its weapons and continues belligerent action against the South. There’s a future of greater opportunity for the people of these nations if their governments meet their international obligations. But if they continue down a path that is outside international law, they must be met with greater pressure and isolation. That is what our commitment to peace and security demands.
To bring prosperity to our people, we must promote the growth that creates opportunity. In this effort, let us not forget that we’ve made enormous progress over the last several decades. Closed societies gave way to open markets. Innovation and entrepreneurship has transformed the way we live and the things that we do. Emerging economies from Asia to the Americas have lifted hundreds of millions of people from poverty. It’s an extraordinary achievement. And yet, three years ago, we were confronted with the worst financial crisis in eight decades. And that crisis proved a fact that has become clearer with each passing year — our fates are interconnected. In a global economy, nations will rise, or fall, together.
And today, we confront the challenges that have followed on the heels of that crisis. Around the world recovery is still fragile. Markets remain volatile. Too many people are out of work. Too many others are struggling just to get by. We acted together to avert a depression in 2009. We must take urgent and coordinated action once more. Here in the United States, I’ve announced a plan to put Americans back to work and jumpstart our economy, at the same time as I’m committed to substantially reducing our deficits over time.
We stand with our European allies as they reshape their institutions and address their own fiscal challenges. For other countries, leaders face a different challenge as they shift their economy towards more self-reliance, boosting domestic demand while slowing inflation. So we will work with emerging economies that have rebounded strongly, so that rising standards of living create new markets that promote global growth. That’s what our commitment to prosperity demands.
To combat the poverty that punishes our children, we must act on the belief that freedom from want is a basic human right. The United States has made it a focus of our engagement abroad to help people to feed themselves. And today, as drought and conflict have brought famine to the Horn of Africa, our conscience calls on us to act. Together, we must continue to provide assistance, and support organizations that can reach those in need. And together, we must insist on unrestricted humanitarian access so that we can save the lives of thousands of men and women and children. Our common humanity is at stake. Let us show that the life of a child in Somalia is as precious as any other. That is what our commitment to our fellow human beings demand.
To stop disease that spreads across borders, we must strengthen our system of public health. We will continue the fight against HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria. We will focus on the health of mothers and of children. And we must come together to prevent, and detect, and fight every kind of biological danger — whether it’s a pandemic like H1N1, or a terrorist threat, or a treatable disease.
This week, America signed an agreement with the World Health Organization to affirm our commitment to meet this challenge. And today, I urge all nations to join us in meeting the HWO’s [sic] goal of making sure all nations have core capacities to address public health emergencies in place by 2012. That is what our commitment to the health of our people demands.
To preserve our planet, we must not put off action that climate change demands. We have to tap the power of science to save those resources that are scarce. And together, we must continue our work to build on the progress made in Copenhagen and Cancun, so that all the major economies here today follow through on the commitments that were made. Together, we must work to transform the energy that powers our economies, and support others as they move down that path. That is what our commitment to the next generation demands.
And to make sure our societies reach their potential, we must allow our citizens to reach theirs. No country can afford the corruption that plagues the world like a cancer. Together, we must harness the power of open societies and open economies. That’s why we’ve partnered with countries from across the globe to launch a new partnership on open government that helps ensure accountability and helps to empower citizens. No country should deny people their rights to freedom of speech and freedom of religion, but also no country should deny people their rights because of who they love, which is why we must stand up for the rights of gays and lesbians everywhere.
And no country can realize its potential if half its population cannot reach theirs. This week, the United States signed a new Declaration on Women’s Participation. Next year, we should each announce the steps we are taking to break down the economic and political barriers that stand in the way of women and girls. This is what our commitment to human progress demands.
I know there’s no straight line to that progress, no single path to success. We come from different cultures, and carry with us different histories. But let us never forget that even as we gather here as heads of different governments, we represent citizens who share the same basic aspirations — to live with dignity and freedom; to get an education and pursue opportunity; to love our families, and love and worship our God; to live in the kind of peace that makes life worth living.
It is the nature of our imperfect world that we are forced to learn these lessons over and over again. Conflict and repression will endure so long as some people refuse to do unto others as we would have them do unto us. Yet that is precisely why we have built institutions like this — to bind our fates together, to help us recognize ourselves in each other — because those who came before us believed that peace is preferable to war, and freedom is preferable to suppression, and prosperity is preferable to poverty. That’s the message that comes not from capitals, but from citizens, from our people.
And when the cornerstone of this very building was put in place, President Truman came here to New York and said, “The United Nations is essentially an expression of the moral nature of man’s aspirations.” The moral nature of man’s aspirations. As we live in a world that is changing at a breathtaking pace, that’s a lesson that we must never forget.
Peace is hard, but we know that it is possible. So, together, let us be resolved to see that it is defined by our hopes and not by our fears. Together, let us make peace, but a peace, most importantly, that will last.
Tagged Barack Obama, General Assembly, Israel, Palestinians, Statehood, UN, United Nations
https://historymusings.wordpress.com/2011/09/21/full-text-september-21-2011-president-barack-obama-speech-un-united-nations-general-assembly-about-israel-opposing-palestinian-statehood/
On This Day in History…. January 4, 1896: Utah is admitted as the 45th State of the Union
By Bonnie Goodman, HNN, 1-1-08
Ms. Goodman is the Editor / Features Editor at HNN. She has a Masters in Library and Information Studies from McGill University, and has done graduate work in history at Concordia University. She blogs at History Musings
On this day in history…. January 4, 1893 US President Benjamin Harrison granted amnesty to those who committed Mormon polygamy, and on January 4, 1896, Utah was admitted as the 45th state.
Utah’s long quest for statehood was finally officially granted in 1896. It was a long struggle for Utah’s Mormons to convince the U.S. federal government that their territory should be admitted to statehood. From the first attempt at statehood in 1849-50, the major point of contention was the Mormon’s embrace of polygamy. The Mormons’ second attempt at statehood, was simultaneous with the Republican Party’s first presidential campaign in 1856. Republican opposition to polygamy was akin to its opposition to slavery; both were condemned in the party platform as the “twin relics of barbarism.” According to recent historical scholarship the number one reason that it took Utah nearly fifty years to be admitted to the Union was because of the practice of polygamy. As historian Joan Smith Iversen writes, “Whereas Mormon historians once held that polygamy was only a diversionary issue raised by anti-Mormons who really opposed the power of the LDS church, recent interpretations by [Edward Leo] Lyman and historian Jan Shipps have found the polygamy issue to be critical to the anti-Mormon struggles.” (Iversen, 585)
In 1850, Congress refused the first request for statehood for a prosposed state named Deseret based on the lack of the requisite number of eligible voters and the huge size of the state. Instead, President Millard Fillmore signed into law on September 9, 1850 the bill creating the Utah Territory with a new border, an initial step on the path to statehood. Damaging the prospects of the Mormons was the admission after repeated denials that one of the church’s religious principles was patriarchal (plural) marriage. It was disclosed that leading male members of the church were encouraged to marry more than one wife. The announcement elicited a negative response from the general American public, and political opposition from the federal government to all Mormon requests for Utah statehood. The government made it known to the Mormons that as long polygamy was condoned and practiced in Utah, statehood would not be granted.
The Federal government also took steps to force the Mormons to abandon polygamy. In 1862 during the third failed attempt for statehood Congress was considering legislation to prohibit plural marriage. The Morrill Anti-bigamy Act banned polygamy and dissolved the Mormon Church. It was never effectively enforced, but Congress refused to grant an 1867 request to repeal it.
In 1872 there was a forth attempt at statehood that included a ratified constitution presented to Congress. The Mormon majority was still insisting on calling the new state Deseret, even after the area was named the Utah territory. Congress again said no.
The anti-polygamy crusade heated up. In 1874 Congress passed the Poland Act, which established district courts in Utah, making it easier to prosecute polygamists. In 1879 in the Supreme Court case Reynolds v. United States, Chief Justice Waite ruled that Mormon polygamy was “disruptive of peace and good order, threatening the foundations of the country,” therefore upholding the Morrill Act. (Iversen, 588) However, the crusade did not stop there. The Anti-Polygamy Society of Salt Lake City was established a year later in April 1880, when the women members of the group sent a petition to first lady Lucy Hayes requesting help to save the wives of polygamist husbands. The group, which changed its name in August 1880 to the Woman’s National Anti-Polygamy Society, pressed Congress to unseat polygamist George Q. Cannon, Utah’s territorial representative to Congress.
In 1882 a mixed Mormon and non-Mormon constitutional convention requested for the fifth time that Utah be admitted as a state. This time the proposed constitution established Utah as “a republican form of government” and adopted the use of the name “Utah.” Congress again refused. As Larson writes, “Utah would not be admitted without complete divorcement of church and state and abolition of plural marriage.” (Poll, 258) In 1882 a law was passed criminalizing polygamy.
When the Democrat Grover Cleveland was elected President, the Mormons hoped that statehood could finally be pushed through, since the Democrats had always been more supportive, while the Republicans pushed for anti-polygamy legislation. But two years later the U.S. Senate passed the Edmunds-Tucker bill, which would force the LDS Church to forfeit property in excess of $50,000, and would abolish woman’s suffrage in the territory if polygamy continued. In February 1887, the bill passed both houses and Cleveland allowed it to take effect without his signature.
Still Cleveland tried to ease tensions in the manner in which he filled Utah territorial positions. Church emissaries developed an understanding with the President and some of his closest advisors, including Solicitor General George A. Jenks.
In their sixth attempt at statehood in 1887, the Utahns included a constitutional clause prohibiting polygamy (Jenks wrote it). Mormon Church leaders thought it was better to control the polygamy situation themselves, and believed the constitutional wording was enough of a goodwill gesture. Still, the Church hierarchy would not give up polygamy as a tenet and practice. Congress doubted that the Utah constitutional amendment against polygamy would be enforced, and denied statehood.
The backlash from Washington forced the President of the Mormon Church, Wilford Woodruff, to finally relent. The official proclamation, known as the Woodruff Manifesto (September 24, 1890), declared that Endowment House had been razed and denied that polygamous marriages had been performed in 1889. The manifesto concluded, “and now, I publicly declare that my advice to the Latter-day Saints is to refrain from conducting any marriage forbidden by the law of the land.” (Poll, 372)
The Secretary of the Interior, John W. Noble, did not accept the manifesto as authoritative “without its acceptance by the [church] conference.” On October 6, 1890, the Mormons gathered and unanimously approved the manifesto. The historian Howard R. Lamar has called the move “the policy of superior virtue and patriotic conformity.” (Poll, 387) Washington remained cautious about the manifesto, and President Benjamin Harrison still did not believe Utah should be admitted as a state. But the church’s action finally persuaded the territorial governor, a zealous anti-polygamy crusader, that Utah deserved statehood.
Utah was in the home stretch to finally become a state. On July 16, 1894, President Grover Cleveland, in his second term, granted a pardon to all, restoring civil rights to all former polygamists who had been disenfranchised. At the same time he signed the Enabling Act which Congress passed delineating the final steps required to advance to statehood. As the New York Times reported at the time, “The signing of the Utah Bill for Statehood closes one of the most remarkable contests in the history of American politics. The Territory has been an applicant for statehood and really eligible in population and wealth for many years….The struggle over polygamy and the Mormon Church has deferred it admission until the present time.” (NYT, 7-18-1894)
Finally, on January 4, 1896, Utah was admitted as the 45th state in the Union. Its entry was based on the Mormon Church’s renunciation of polygamy. Most of those outside the church believed the issue of polygamy was put to rest, but some critics remained suspicious that many of the plural marriages that were performed before 1890, were not in fact aborted. Still B. Carmon Hardy writes, “To most outside the church, however, Mormonism appeared honestly and forever to have put its greatest evil away. The [Woodruff] Manifesto had succeeded in its intent and Utah had won its star in the flag.” (p. 153) Although Utah was admitted into the union over a hundred years ago the polygamist past of the Mormons still haunts them, as Mitt Romney has discovered in his quest for the presidency.
Constitution of the State of Utah
Sarah Barringer Gordon, The Mormon Question: Polygamy and Constitutional Conflict in Nineteenth Century America, (UNC Press, 2002).
B. Carmon Hardy, Solemn Covenant: The Mormon Polygamous Passage, (University of Illinois Press, 1992).
Joan Smyth Iversen, “A Debate on the American Home: The Antipolygamy Controversy, 1880-1890,” Journal of the History of Sexuality, Vol. 1, No. 4. (Apr., 1991), pp. 585-602.
Gustive O. Larsen, The Americanization of Utah for Statehood, (Huntington Library, 1971).
Edward Leo Lyman, Political Deliverance: The Mormon Quest for Utah Statehood, (University of Illinois Press, 1986).
Richard D. Poll, et al. eds., Utah’s History, (Utah State University Press), 1989.
Jonathan D. Sarna, ed., Minority Faiths and the American Protestant Mainstream, (University of Illinois Press, 1997).
Posted in On This Day in History
Tagged Benjamin Harrison, Mormon, Statehood, Utah
https://historymusings.wordpress.com/2008/01/01/utah-january-4-1896/
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Hollywood Hill Elementary School Teacher Honored as ‘Symetra Hero in the Classroom’
Hollywood Hill Elementary School teacher Victoria Gray was honored as a “Symetra Hero in the Classroom” on Monday by Symetra and the Seattle Seahawks. Neiko Thorpe, a cornerback for the Seahawks, was on hand to help present the award during a surprise assembly at the school in Woodinville, where Gray is a physical education teacher.
The “Hero” honorees are selected based on their ability to make a real difference in students' lives; to go above and beyond in their day-to-day responsibilities; and to help students build life skills. Teachers may be nominated by their principal, district staff, a student or a student’s parent.
Gray said she was honored to receive the award. Honorees receive a $2,000 donation to their school for classroom books and supplies.
“It’s all about the children,” said Gray, who has been with the school for 17 years as a teacher and now as a physical education instructor. “Anything that gives back to them makes me happy. That’s the part that makes me most excited about this. It’s what it will do for them.”
Denise Waters, Hollywood Hill’s principal, nominated Gray for her leadership as a Positive Behavior Interventions and Support (PBIS) coach. She said that as a PBIS leader, Gray is the one who sets the culture for the school.
“She is an amazing teacher and leader at our school,” said Waters. “As the program lead, she goes into other teachers’ classrooms to support them, talk with students and ensure that they are safe, respectful and responsible. The relationships that she builds with students in grades K–5 set them up to be successful in school and life.”
Waters added that Gray’s “presence is magical and a vital part of the work we do at Hollywood Hill to help each student achieve their potential.”
Northshore School District Superintendent Michelle Reid joined Thorpe and Symetra Executive Vice President Michael Fry for the presentation.
“Mrs. Gray’s work on PBIS is important to every student and the school community, and I am thrilled that she’s being recognized for it,” said Reid. “The concept of PBIS has clearly taken root at Hollywood Hill, as was evident in the way all of the students interacted with Mrs. Gray, their peers and their teachers.”
Gray is one of 16 K–12 teachers across the Puget Sound area who will be honored for educational excellence in the Symetra Heroes in the Classroom program during the 2018 NFL season. In addition to the donation, teachers also receive tickets to a Seahawks home game and are acknowledged during an on-field presentation at CenturyLink Field. Gray will be recognized at the Dec. 23 game against the Kansas City Chiefs.
Northshore School District Summer Lunch Program
Marimba Performance Pictures and Videos
Changes to MMR Vaccine Personal and Philosophical Exemptions
A Note From Our Principal
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Together, students, parents*, teachers, staff and administrators share the responsibility in creating and sustaining an environment that enhances student achievement and well-being in the Northshore School District. The Student Rights and Responsibilities Handbook addresses:
The rights and responsibilities of students
Conduct which may require corrective action
Responsibilities of administrators and teachers to implement corrective action, which includes behavioral supports and interventions that promote safety and support student success
Administrative responsibilities for due process
Please read these Rights and Responsibilities and develop a thorough understanding of the details. By following the Rights and Responsibilities, you can help our school district become a safer and more supportive environment for the students and staff.
NSD Board Policies are available for review online.
*'Parents' as used throughout this document refers to parents and/or legal guardians
Students who believe they have experienced discrimination, harassment, intimidation, hazing or bullying, may file a complaint directly with any school staff member, file a complaint using an online form, file a complaint by email, or file a complaint by calling or texting 855-521-2665. Complaints can be filed anonymously. Complaint forms can be found at every school office.
What are the Rights & Responsibilities and why are they needed?
When do these Rights & Responsibilities apply?
Northshore School District is committed to partnering with students to provide an environment that is safe, supportive and conducive to learning. To help promote and maintain that environment, the R&R:
Specify the rights and responsibilities of students;
Provide guidance and instruction to help students resolve discipline problems in a manner that supports their development;
Strive to ensure consistent application of corrective actions so that students from school to school will receive similar actions for similar violations;
Assure the rights of students when corrective action is taken;
Describe conduct, which violates those rights and responsibilities.
Corrective action must be non-discriminatory, fair, age-appropriate and correspond to the severity of the student’s misbehavior and discipline history. When considering responses to violations, the District strives to keep students in the classroom whenever possible. If corrective actions are imposed, students will receive due process that includes an opportunity to grieve or appeal the action. Corrective action must be paired with meaningful instruction and supportive guidance (e.g. constructive feedback and re-teaching) so students are offered an opportunity to learn from their behavior and, where possible, offered an opportunity to continue to participate in the school community.
On all campuses of the district at all times
While on the school bus or other District-sanctioned transportation
At times and places where the principal or other school official or employee is supervising students
During school or District-related events including field trips, athletic functions and other related activities
When students are going to and from school
Additionally, the administration is authorized to take corrective action when a student's misconduct away from school has a direct effect on the general welfare of the school. This may include, but is not limited to, circumstances where misconduct affects other students or school staff; is directly connected to prior violations at school; carries over from conduct at school or threatens to produce further violations at school.
NSD believes that educating a student is a collaborative effort with the student and parent. To support this collaboration, we recognize that each party has rights and responsibilities. The following identification of these rights and responsibilities is a general list to provide guidelines, and is not intended to be comprehensive or all-inclusive.
Students have the right to:
Students have a responsibility to:
Student & Athletic Leadership Code
Learn in a safe and positive climate – one that is unbiased, nonjudgmental, and free from prejudice, discrimination and verbal or physical threats and abuse.
Receive high quality instruction that is comprehensible and appropriate to their level of academic development.
Be expected to achieve at high levels.
Be taught in ways that are responsive to students’ individual needs and racial, ethnic, linguistic and cultural backgrounds.
Receive appropriate accommodations to meet individual needs, consistent with state and federal law.
Express their ideas and perspectives on issues and topics relevant to their education, including school policies and procedures.
Be treated with respect, as unique individuals with differing needs and learning styles and in a manner, that encourages personal and academic growth.
Be treated in a fair and equitable manner by all staff.
Due process of law.
Have school rules that are enforced in a consistent, fair and reasonable manner.
Be free to request an interpreter or translator at any step of the disciplinary process.
Be free from harassment, intimidation and bullying, including discriminatory and sexual harassment and violence in the form of hazing and intimidation.
Receive fair, equitable, non-discriminatory corrective actions that are aligned with the R&R.
Have teachers and administrators who will follow all District policies related to known allegations of discrimination, harassment, hazing, bullying, and incidents that require mandatory reporting. Such known allegations/incidents must be reported to site administration immediately.
Full access to opportunities within the educational environment without experiencing discrimination on the basis of age, sex, marital status, genetic information, sexual orientation including gender expression or identity, race, creed, religion, color, national origin, honorably discharged veteran or military status, or the presence of any sensory, mental, or physical disability or the use of a trained dog guide or service animal by a person with a disability.
Access to non-instructional interpretation services when communicating with the school, and in some cases, to translated copies of certain school forms and documents.
Receive a copy of this handbook (R&R).
Have access to their education records, consistent with applicable law.
Administrators who will:
model appropriate behavior and expect appropriate behavior from students and teachers
hold students and teachers accountable for student learning
expect parents to be collaborative partners regarding student achievement
make decisions regarding removing students and/or staff for safety reasons
discipline students in accordance with the R&R
consistently and accurately report discipline consequences for students into the student recordkeeping system
Attend school daily according to the District’s adopted calendar, arrive on time, bring appropriate materials, and be prepared to participate in class and complete assignments.
Strive for academic growth and for their personal best.
Participate fully in the classroom, curriculum and learning process during the entire class period.
Make positive contributions to an environment that allows fellow students to have equal access to educational opportunities.
Make positive contributions to an environment that allows fellow students to be free from discrimination, harassment, hazing and bullying.
Make up work resulting from an absence.
Respect the rights, feelings, and property of fellow students, parents, school staff, visitors, guests, and school neighbors.
Conduct themselves in an appropriate and respectful manner while on school grounds, school buses, at bus stops, at any school-related activity, and in the classroom, so as not to interfere with the right of other students to learn.
Contribute to a safe and orderly environment that is conducive to learning.
Display behavior that does not compromise the safety of other students and/or staff.
Follow the code of conduct adopted by the school and District.
Protect and take care of the school district’s property.
Abide by the District’s policies and procedures.
Assist the school staff in running a safe school, and help maintain the safety and cleanliness of the school environment.
Read and ask questions to understand the information in the Student Rights and Responsibilities Handbook (R&R).
The opportunity to participate in the athletic program or as an elected or appointed school leader in the Northshore School District is a privilege available to all students. Because of the public nature of athletic and activities programs sponsored by the district, students choosing to participate are expected to conduct themselves at all times during their season of participation and between consecutive seasons in a manner that will reflect the high standards and ideals of their school and community. These high personal standards for conduct promote maximum achievement, safe performances, commitment to excellence in health and conditioning, and fulfill responsibilities as student leaders by setting a positive example for other students.
The expectations for being a participant in a school's athletic or activities program, including specific eligibility requirements, training rules, activities expectations and team rules shall be communicated to team/group members at the beginning of the season of participation. All program expectations and team rules shall be in writing.
If students are earning credits from a school that is not one of the District's Secondary Schools or a district alternative program, they are expected to attend all athletic individual and team practices as scheduled by the respective coaching staff. Athletic practices and competitions take precedent over conflicts with non-Northshore credit providers. Sport specific attendance policies will be followed if practices or contests are missed.
On game day, student athletes participating in the competitive sports season must attend, at least, one half of the classes assigned to them, in order to be eligible to compete in the evening’s event.
It is the highest priority that student athletes meet specific academic benchmarks toward high school graduation in order to continue competing. Student athletes who are credit deficient must confer with their counselor to develop an academic plan to retrieve credits and demonstrate ongoing evidence of meeting the plan. Students must meet the standards for interscholastic eligibility as outlined in Article 18 of the Washington Interscholastic Athletic Association handbook, the KINGCO League and the
Northshore School District and specific expectations of their individual school. Additionally, students will be required to earn a minimum 2.0 GPA for the previous semester in order to achieve interscholastic eligibility, (this applies to athletes only). Copies of these rules and regulations may be obtained from the school Athletic or Activities Director upon request.
Any student who is involved as an athlete or as an appointed or elected school leader who willfully performs any act that substantially interferes with or is detrimental to the orderly operation of the District's athletic or activities programs shall be subject to discipline.
As participants in athletic or activities programs, students are faced with choices. If a student’s choices interfere, impede, hinder their personal or group/team performance or render the individual as unfit to serve as a representative(s) of the district’s schools, they forfeit the privilege to participate.
Conduct Rules
Athletes and/or student leaders will receive disciplinary consequences for failure to demonstrate courtesy, fairness and respect for other participants, spectators, advisors, coaches, staff members and supervisors; unsportsmanlike conduct; profanity, obscene gestures, hazing, lack of attendance; and/or damage, vandalism to school property, uniform and equipment, another school's and/or district’s property. Athletes and/or student leaders are held to all rules of conduct as listed and described in the Rights & Responsibilities Handbook Concerning Student Conduct and will receive disciplinary consequences for failure to follow reasonable requests, academic dishonesty violations, bullying, misuse of technology and/or behaviors deemed unacceptable by Northshore School District and/or the community.
Failure to Follow Building and/or Team Rules:
Each sport/leadership/activity position will have individual team/group rules established by the head coach/advisor. The head coach/advisor shall inform the school Athletic Director/Activity Director and the student's parent(s) or guardian(s) of these specific team and/or leadership rules. When students fail to follow these rules, disciplinary consequences for their actions shall be applied
Misconduct by participants in the athletic/activity program at any time, on or off campus, school related and/or non-school activities during the season of participation and between consecutive seasons of participation constitutes denial of participation. Seasons begin with the first turnout, election or appointment to a position and conclude with the season ending recognition/awards program in the individual sport or activity.
Student Athletic and Leadership Code violations are accumulative during grades six through eighth
Any student who is involved as an athlete or as an elected or appointed school leader must adhere to the rules outlined in this code and sign the agreement pledging to do so.
Consequences for violations of the Student Athletic & Leadership Code will include any or all:
Probation is a period of time in which a student may be given time to correct deficiencies that could result in denial of participation for a given period of time or removal from the activities/group participation. (Probation does not pertain to athletes.)
Denial of participation means that the student is allowed to practice but not compete or perform in games or any leadership activities.
Loss of eligibility, which may carry over to subsequent sports/activities seasons, means the student will not practice in uniform or participate in interscholastic competition or leadership activities/groups. Per Northshore School District disciplinary code, a student on suspension from school is not eligible for any form of participation or attendance at any school activities or athletic events.
Student athletes and school leaders are held to all general rules of conduct as stated previously in the Rights & Responsibilities Handbook Concerning Student Conduct. Behaviors resulting in disciplinary action and/or loss of eligibility include but are not limited to acts of planning, organizing or communicating an activity defined as exceptional misconduct or the act of influencing others to engage in exceptional misconduct whether carried out or not.
A student athlete or school leader who forges grade checks to become eligible to participate but is determined prior to competition in their sport or activity shall be subject to the following penalty:
1st Violation - A participant shall be immediately ineligible for interscholastic competition for the remainder of the season. Ineligibility shall continue until the next sports season in which the participant wishes to participate. A participant in a leadership/activity role will be placed on probation or suspended from participation of leadership activities for no less than the remainder of the semester or up to fifty (50) school days; whichever is longer.
2nd Violation - A participant, who again violates rule d above, shall be ineligible for interscholastic competition/activity for a period of one (1) calendar year from the date of the second violation.
3rd Violation - A participant, who violates for a third-time rule d above, shall be permanently ineligible for interscholastic competition /activity. A student athlete, parent, guardian or school leader who provides false information or documents to become eligible to participate and does participate shall be declared athletically ineligible for a period of one year. The one (l) calendar year penalty begins the day the determination is made that false information was provided subject to penalties outlined in WIAA Regulations 28.4.0.
A student athlete, parent, guardian or school leader who provides false information or documents to become eligible to participate and does participate shall be declared athletically ineligible for a period of one year. The one (1) calendar year penalty begins the day the determination is made that false information was provided subject to penalties outlined in WIAA Regulations 28.4.0.
Use and/or Possession of Alcohol, Marijuana and Illegal Controlled Substances:
Possession, use, under the influence, purchase/sale agreement or intent to sell (whether completed or not), transport, distribution and/or delivery of alcohol, marijuana, controlled substances (e.g. narcotics or inhalants) and/or prescription drugs in a manner inconsistent with the prescribing order or look-a-like, drug paraphernalia or substance carrying devices (including but not limited to; vapor, hookah and e-cigarettes) is prohibited. This rule is applicable 24/7 for in-season athletes and student leaders. If a student athlete or leader finds him or herself in the presence of alcohol, marijuana and/or an illegal controlled substance the student shall take immediate action to remove him or herself from the situation. The presence of alcohol, marijuana and/or an illegal controlled substance is defined as: being at a party or gathering where alcohol, marijuana and/or an illegal controlled substance is being consumed by those under the age of 21.
Any student athlete/student leader possessing, selling/distributing, consuming and/or using any of legend drugs and controlled substances/alcohol, marijuana or sale of legend drugs (drugs obtained through prescription, RCW 69.41.020-050) and controlled substances/alcohol, marijuana (RCW 69.50) shall be subject to disciplinary actions. SEE WIAA REGULATION 18.26.0.
A participant who seeks and receives help for a problem with use of legend drugs (RCW 69.41.10 identified substances) or controlled substances, alcohol, marijuana and controlled substance analogs (RCW 69.50.101 identified substances) shall be given the opportunity for assistance through the school and/or community agencies. In no instance shall participation in a school and/or community approved assistance program excuse a student athlete or student leader from subsequent compliance with this regulation. However successful utilization of such an opportunity or compliance with athletic/leadership code by the student may allow him/her to have eligibility reinstated. Should the student or parent/guardian feel aggrieved by the imposition of discipline through the Athletic/Leadership Code, the student and/or parent(s)/guardian(s) would follow the right of review process.
Students in violations of the athletic/leadership code shall be subjected to the following disciplinary actions:
1st Violation - A participant shall be immediately ineligible for interscholastic competition in the current interscholastic sports program for the remainder of the season. Ineligibility shall continue until the next sports season in which the participant wishes to participate. A participant in a leadership/activity role will be placed on probation or suspended from participation of leadership activities for no less than the remainder of the semester or up to fifty (50) school days; whichever is greater. Eligibility can only be reinstated through the right of review process.
2nd Violation - A participant who again violates any provision of RCW 69.41.020 through 69.41.050 or of RCW 69.50 shall be ineligible for interscholastic competition for a period of one (1) calendar year from the date of the second violation. A participant in a leadership/activity role is ineligible to participate in current program for a period of one (1) calendar year.
3rdViolation - A participant who violates for a third-time RCW 69.41.020 - 69.41.050 or RCW 69.50 shall be permanently ineligible for interscholastic competition. A participant in a leadership/activity role shall be permanently ineligible to participate.
Use and/or Possession Vapes/Substance Delivering Devices
See page 27 for discipline action
Procedural due process for Athletic Leadership Right of Review
Consequences assigned from the Student Athletic/Leadership Code are a form of discipline. Athletic/Leadership disciplinary actions are subject to review through an informal grievance process. Requests to review consequences specifically impacting eligibility for current and/or future seasons would adhere to the following process:
Any student, parent(s) or guardian(s) who is aggrieved by the imposition of Athletic/Leadership Code corrective action shall have the right to an informal conference with the school principal or his/her designee for the purpose of resolving the grievance.
A request to review a disciplinary action must be submitted in writing to the school principal or his/her designee within two (2) school business days after notification of the corrective action. After that time, the right to any review is waived.
During such conference, the student, parent(s) or guardian(s) shall be subject to questioning by the school principal or his/her designee and shall be entitled to question school personnel involved in the matter being grieved. The review of the grievance will be conducted within two (2) school business days of receipt of a written request to have the action reviewed. The application of the assigned corrective action shall continue notwithstanding the grievance process; the student cannot participate until the grievance is resolved. The decision of the principal or his/her designee will be conveyed to the student, parent(s) or guardian(s) within two (2) school business days of concluding the conference. The outcome may result in a decision to sustain, modify or rescind the corrective action in cases of extenuating or exceptional circumstances.
Subsequent to the review with the building principal, the student, parent(s) or guardian(s), upon two (2) school business days’ prior notice, shall have the right to present a written and/or oral grievance to the District Hearings Officer. During the hearing the student and parent(s)/guardian(s) shall be subject to questioning by the District Hearings Officer. The decision of the District Hearings Officer to sustain, modify or rescind the corrective action will be conveyed to the student, parent(s) or guardian(s) within three (3) school business days of concluding the hearing. The District’s hearing officer shall have the final authority as to the student's participation in the interscholastic sports program or the student leader's participation.
Parents and guardians have the right to:
Parents and guardians have a responsibility to:
Receive official reports of the student’s academic progress, attendance and behavior.
Request and be granted conferences with teachers, counselors and/or the principal.
Receive explanations from school staff about their students’ grades and procedures
Receive explanations from administrative staff regarding corrective action.
Access and review school records pertaining to their student.
Have access to a copy of this handbook (R&R).
Receive immediate notification any time a student receives in-school suspension or is sent home for any safety and/or disciplinary reason (including suspensions).
Request an interpreter or translator at any step of the disciplinary process.
Grieve all corrective actions related to their student.
Non-instructional interpretation services when communicating with the school and translated copies of certain school forms and documents.
Direct their student’s education, upbringing and moral or religious training.
Make health care decisions for the minor child, consistent with applicable law. (RCW26.28.010)
Express appropriately their ideas and perspectives on issues and topics relevant to their students’ education, including school policies and procedures.
Be treated in a manner that is respectful of and responsive to their cultural heritage.
Communicate and collaborate with teachers to support student achievement.
Attempt to participate and be active at their student’s school.
Be partners with school staff by sharing appropriate ideas for improving student learning and by helping to prevent and/or resolve student conduct problems.
Provide supervision of the student’s health and physical and emotional well-being and assume responsibility for the student’s timely regular attendance.
Promptly excuse student absences or tardiness within 48 hours.
Ensure student compliance with school and district policies and regulations.
Read and asks questions to understand the information in the R&R.
Reinforce the importance of students’ adherence to values and behaviors described in the R&R.
Equal Educational Opportunities and Discrimination Policy
School Resource Officers and Other Law Enforcement Personnel
Bullying, Intimidation and Harassment
Student Use of Cellphones and Electronic Devices
Violence Free Environment
Personal Property and Canine Assisted Searches
Northshore School District prohibits discrimination on the basis of age, sex, marital status, genetic information, sexual orientation including gender expression or identity, race, creed, religion, color, national origin, honorably discharged veteran or military status, or the presence of any sensory, mental, or physical disability or the use of a trained dog guide or service animal by a person with a disability, unless based upon a bona fide occupational qualification, in all its employment procedures, training, programs and activities and provides equal access to the Boy Scouts and other designated youth groups. The following employee(s) have been designated to handle questions and complaints of alleged unlawful discrimination: Director of Human Resources (Title IX, ADA, and Civil Rights Compliance), Director of Student Services (Section 504), 3330 Monte Villa Parkway, Bothell, WA 98021, (425) 408-6000.
School Resource Officers and other law enforcement personnel shall not be involved in low-level student discipline. “Involvement” of law enforcement means that law enforcement personnel will not participate in the corrective action decision(s) that occur after an incident. This in no way prohibits law enforcement involvement during or immediately after an incident to protect student, staff or visitor safety.
Regular attendance is essential for success in school; therefore, absences shall be excused only for necessary and important reasons. Valid excuses for absences are outlined in Policy 3122. A Parent/Guardian should notify the school prior to the absence/tardy with a call, note or email that his/her child is unable to attend or will be late to school. The call, note or email must address the date/time and reason for the absence. RCW 28A.225.010 Excused absences shall not be permitted if deemed to cause a serious adverse effect upon the student’s educational progress, unless the student is physically or mentally unable to attend school and the parent has provided documentation of the student’s inability to attend.
The Northshore School District strives to provide students with optimal conditions for learning by maintaining a school environment where everyone is treated with respect and no one is physically or emotionally harmed. In order to ensure respect and prevent harm, it is a violation of district policy for a student to be harassed, intimidated, bullied or cyber bullied by others in the school community, at school sponsored events, or when such actions create a substantial disruption to the educational process. The school community includes all students, school employees, school board members, contractors, unpaid volunteers, families, patrons, and other visitors. Harassment because of a student’s race, color, religion, ancestry, national origin, gender, sexual orientation, including gender expression or identity, mental or physical disability, or other distinguishing characteristics is prohibited Incidents of bullying, intimidation, or harassment may be reported orally or in writing to any staff member.
Bus rules shall be posted at the front of each school bus and be distributed and reviewed by students at least annually at the beginning of the school year. Students will be respectful, responsible and inclusive by following directions of adults, taking their turn to get on/off the bus, being polite, walking and moving carefully, using the sidewalks, waiting behind the yellow safety line on the curb and being aware of other’s needs, space and belongings. Remember if you see something, say something. Cell phones may be used to listen to audio content as long as ear buds are used and phone is securely put away.
Students, using cell phones and other electronic devices during the school day, may have the electronic device confiscated and be subject to disciplinary action. Any search of the contents of an electronic device shall be by an administrator in accordance with the Rights and Responsibilities Handbook. Reasonable efforts will be taken to secure property that has been confiscated (i.e. lock the item in a drawer, take the item to the office to be secured in a locked area, etc.); however, neither the District nor staff is responsible for loss, damage or theft of any electronic device even if loss, damage or theft results from the device being confiscated.
The purpose of the Northshore School District Responsible Use Procedures is to provide the rules, guidelines, personal safety recommendations and the code of conduct in the Northshore School District for the use of technology, the district network and other connected networks including the internet.
This Responsible Use Procedure (RUP) applies to staff, students and guests who utilize:
District-owned technology on the NSD network, on non-school network and offline
Non-district technology, including privately owned technology that is connected to the NSD network or using non-district networks while on school property.
Hazing is any intentional, knowing or reckless act when: (1) the act was committed in connection with an initiation into, an affiliation with, or a maintenance of membership in any organization that is affiliated with the school and (2) the act involves a substantial risk of potential physical injury, mental harm, or personal degradation.
Hazing activities may include but are not limited to the following:
Use of alcohol/drugs during new member activities;
Striking another person whether by use of any object or one's body;
Creation of excessive fatigue;
Physical and/or psychological shock;
Morally degrading or humiliating games or activities that create a risk of bodily, emotional or mental harm.
The Northshore School District is committed to a positive and productive education and working environment free from discrimination, including sexual harassment. Sexual harassment is generally defined as unwelcome sexual advances, requests for sexual favors, sexually motivated physical contact, or other verbal or physical contact or communication of a sexual nature when:
submission to such conduct or communication is made either explicitly or implicitly as a term or condition of an individual’s employment or education,
submission to or rejection of such conduct or communication by an individual is used as the basis for decisions affecting that individual’s employment or education;
such conduct or communication has the purpose or effect of unreasonably interfering with an individual’s work or school performance, or creating an intimidating, hostile, or offensive employment or educational environment.
Engaging in sexual harassment will result in appropriate discipline or other appropriate sanctions against offending students, staff and contractors. Anyone else, including volunteers and parents, who engages in sexual harassment on school property or at school activities will have access to school property and activities restricted, as appropriate. Informal complaints of sexual harassment may be made to any staff member and formal complaints may be made to the Director of Human Resources, 3330 Monte Villa Parkway, Bothell, WA 98021, (425) 408-6000.
The board is committed to maintaining a school and work environment that is free from acts and/or threats of violence. In order to fully realize the benefit from the education and related services provided at school, every student, staff member, parent/guardian, and patron needs to feel safe and secure; feeling safe is an essential necessity for each individual to be fully productive as they conduct district related business. Any form of violence (including domestic violence) and/or threat of violence at school, or at a school or district activity, or related to district business, erodes the atmosphere of safety.
Any conduct, regardless of the source, that threatens a person’s security and safety will not be tolerated. Abusive or suggestive language will not be tolerated even if it does not create a threatening atmosphere or lead to a threat. The board, administration, and building staff are committed to supporting employees and students confronted with threatening behavior or actual violence, whether the threatening behavior or violence is coming from staff or student or from patrons, a parent or guardian, another adult, or a student- aged individual who is a non-student.
Students and staff are required to treat all individuals with whom they come in contact in a respectful manner and expect to be treated the same in return.
For clarification purposes, a “threat” is any statement (oral or written) that can be reasonably interpreted as being intimidating in tone, content, or language or which places a person or a person’s personal property in reasonable apprehension of harm. “School violence” is any threat of or actual physical assault on district property or directly related thereto and includes bullying, hazing, intimidation, fighting, and harassment as well as the destruction or abuse of property through vandalism, arson, bombing, sabotage, or other destructive means.
Individuals who violate this policy shall be dealt with firmly. Legal redress will be sought when the facts warrant such, including notification to law enforcement for possible criminal investigation.
Students and employees are strongly encouraged to report to their teacher or supervisor any threat or act of violence made against them or against others. Anyone who is victimized by any conduct that reasonably infringes upon the individual’s sense of safety and security must bring this to the attention of appropriate school officials so appropriate action can be taken.
Law enforcement and/or school officials may perform searches. Searches shall utilize appropriate information collection processes. Such processes would include but not be limited to canine assisted searches, video surveillance cameras, breath analyzers, any drug/alcohol, marijuana detection devices, personal, and property searches.
Contraband or illegal items such as explosives, weapons or any object that can be reasonably considered a firearm or dangerous weapon, controlled substances, or other possessions reasonably considered to be a threat to the safety, health, or security of others will be confiscated.
Personal Searches of Students
All students shall be free from unreasonable searches of their persons. However, a student is subject to a search of their person by school officials, consistent with the limitations described below.
Any search of a student must be reasonably related to the discovery of contraband items or other evidence of a student’s violation of the law or rules governing student conduct.
Staff shall conduct searches in a manner, which is not excessively intrusive in light of the age and sex gender of the student and the nature of the suspected infraction. No student shall be subject to a strip search or body cavity search by school staff.
Once reasonable grounds for a search of a student’s person has been established:
The principal or designee shall have an additional administrator or staff member present as a witness during the search.
Prior to the search of the student’s person by the administrators, students will be asked to remove items from pockets.
If evidence of a violation of school or district rules is suspected and reasonable cause has been established, the administration may conduct searches of students without consent. Reasonable effort will be made to notify parents of the search.
If evidence of criminal activity is suspected to be present and, if confirmed by the search, law enforcement officials should be contacted for assistance.
Searches of Student Property
All students shall be free from unreasonable searches of their personal property. However, a student is subject to a search by school officials, consistent with the limitations described below.
Any search of a student’s property must be reasonably related to the discovery of contraband items or other evidence of a student’s violation of the law or rules governing student conduct.
Staff shall conduct searches of the student’s property in a manner, which is not excessively intrusive.
Once reasonable grounds for a search of a student’s personal effects or automobile have been established:
Search of a student’s possessions shall be reasonably related to the discovery of a contraband substance or object which is prohibited by law or by the rules of conduct which pose a threat to the health and safety or welfare of the occupants of the school or the building itself.
The search shall be conducted in the presence of the student, if possible.
School Property Searches
General search of school property may be conducted at any time without prior notice and without reasonable suspicion that the search will yield evidence of any particular student’s violation of law or rules of student conduct.
No student may use a locker, desk or storage area as a depository for any contraband substance or object which is prohibited by law or by rules of student conduct which pose a threat to the health, safety or welfare of the occupants of the school building or the building itself. Contraband means items, materials or substances, the possession of which is prohibited by law or rules governing student conduct, including but not limited to controlled substances, alcohol, marijuana beverages, tobacco products or any object that can reasonably be considered a firearm or dangerous weapon.
If a school official conducting a search of a locker, desk or storage area develops a reasonable suspicion that any container, including but not limited to a purse, backpack, gym bag, or an article of clothing, contains evidence of a student’s violation of the law or rules of conduct, the container may be searched.
Canine Assisted Searches
Canine-assisted searches may be utilized to maintain an effective learning environment that is drug-free. Searches conducted with the assistance of police narcotics canines shall be conducted in a manner that is consistent with constitutional and statutory requirements.
The principal or his/her designee will initiate a written request to the police department to utilize a police narcotics canine unit. Before the first canine-assisted search at the school for the current school year, the principal or his/her designee will schedule a demonstration of the canine-assisted search for the school body.
Prior to a random police narcotics canine-assisted search, students and parents will be advised in writing that classrooms, hallways, lockers, all other public spaces and parking lots on school premises are subject to random searches. As a condition of being granted a permit to park vehicles on school premises, students consent to the search of their vehicles by school officials anytime school officials have reasonable suspicion that the vehicle contains contraband items.
Once approved, random police narcotics canine-assisted searches of school property may be conducted at any time without prior notice to students or parents as to the specific date and time of the search. They may occur without reasonable suspicion that a canine-assisted search will yield evidence of any particular student’s violation of law or rules of conduct. Students determined to be in possession of contraband items are subject to administrative disciplinary procedures and possible criminal prosecution at the discretion of police and prosecutorial authorities. Minor drug law infractions and violations detected through random police narcotics canine-assisted searches should, in the exercise of discretion, normally be dealt with administratively as a disciplinary matter by school officials.
Police narcotics canine applications of individual students or groups of students shall not occur.
Police narcotics canine applications of purses, bags, and backpacks shall only occur if the items have been separated from the students’ immediate physical custody.
Staff shall be allowed to maintain control of their personal belongings during a police narcotics canine-assisted search. Items controlled by students are the primary object of the canine-assisted search. The canine should not be applied to staff-controlled areas such as teacher desks.
Physical searches of the interior of purses, bags, backpacks, lockers and cars shall only be done by school officials if a positive police narcotics canine application indicator has occurred, leading to reasonable suspicion that the search will yield evidence of a violation of the law or school rules.
Know the Actions
Corrective Action for Unexcused Absences and Tardiness
If corrective action is imposed based on one or more unexcused absences, the District must:
Provide notice to the student’s parent(s) or guardian(s) in writing in English, or, if different, the primary language of the parent(s) or guardian(s), that the student has failed to attend school without valid justification and by other means reasonably necessary to achieve notice of such fact;
Schedule a conference with the parent(s) and the student at a time and place reasonably convenient to all persons included to analyze the causes for the student’s absence, and to determine, by appropriate means, whether the student should be referred to special programs; and
Take steps to reduce the student’s absences which shall include, where appropriate in the judgment of school officials and, where possible, discussed with the student and parent(s), adjustments of the student’s school program or school or course assignment, or assisting the parent(s) or student to obtain supplementary services that might ameliorate the cause(s) of the absences from school.
“Discipline” shall mean all forms of corrective action other than emergency removal from a class, subject, or activity, suspension, or expulsion, and shall include the exclusion of a student from a class by a teacher or administrator for the balance of the immediate class period, provided that the student is in the custody of a school district employee for the balance of such period. Discipline shall also mean the exclusion of a student from any other type of activity conducted by or on behalf of the school district.
“Suspension” shall mean a denial of attendance (other than for the balance of the immediate class, subject or activity period for “discipline” purposes) for any single subject or class, or for any full schedule of subjects or classes for a stated period of time. A suspension will also include a denial of admission to or entry upon real and personal property that is owned, leased, rented or controlled by the District, and a denial of admission to any District-sponsored activities or events on or off campus.
Make-up Work: Any student subject to a suspension/expulsion shall be provided the opportunity to receive educational services during that time. They will also have the opportunity upon his or her return to make up assignments and tests missed by reason of the suspension if: (l) such assignments or tests have a substantial effect upon the student’s semester/trimester grade or grades, or (2) failure to complete such assignments or tests would preclude the student from receiving credit for the course or courses.
Short-Term Suspension
Long-Term Suspension
Emergency Removal
Emergency Denial of Attendance (Emergency Expulsion)
Abeyance Contracts
Grievance Procedure for Discipline and Short-Term Suspension
Appeal Procedure for Long-Term Suspension, Expulsion and Emergency Expulsion
Re-Admission Procedures
Due Process for Students with a 504 Plan or IEP
Requirement to Provide Educational Services
“Short-term suspension” shall mean a suspension for any portion of a calendar day up to and not exceeding ten (10) consecutive school days. A short-term suspension may be imposed upon a student for violation of the code of conduct, subject to the following limitations or conditions:
The nature and circumstances of the violation must reasonably warrant a short-term suspension and the length of the suspension imposed.
Unless the behavior is Exceptional Misconduct, no student shall be suspended unless another form of corrective action reasonably calculated to modify his or her conduct has previously been imposed upon a student as a consequence for misconduct of the same nature.
No student in grades kindergarten through grade four shall be subject to short-term suspensions for more than a total of ten (10) school days during any single semester/trimester, and no loss of academic grades or credit shall be imposed by reason of the suspension of such a pupil.
No student in grade five and above shall be subject to short-term suspension for more than a total of fifteen days (15) in any single semester.
All short-term suspensions and the reasons thereof shall be reported in writing to the Superintendent's designee within 24 hours after the imposition of the suspension.
Prior to the short-term suspension of any student, a conference shall be conducted with the student. In connection with this conference, the student must be provided with notice of the alleged misconduct and the school rule violated, an explanation of the evidence in support of the allegations, and an explanation of the corrective action which may be imposed. The student shall then be provided the opportunity to present his/her explanation.
If a short-term suspension is to exceed one calendar day, the parent(s) shall be notified of the reason for the suspension orally and/or by letter sent via U.S. mail as soon as reasonably possible. The notice shall also inform the parent of the right to an informal conference (See “Grievance Procedure,” below) and that the suspension may be reduced as a result of this conference.
“Long-term suspension” shall mean a suspension that exceeds ten (10) school days.
A long-term suspension may be imposed upon a student for violation of the code of conduct, subject to the following limitations or conditions:
The nature and circumstances of the violation must reasonably warrant a long-term suspension and the length of the suspension imposed.
A long-term suspension cannot be imposed beyond the school year in which the alleged misbehavior occurs. A long-term suspension may last no longer than the length of an academic term. However, building administrators may petition the superintendent’s designee to exceed this limitation if a student’s return to school would pose a risk to public health or safety. Such petitions will comply with WAC 392- 400-410.
No student in grades kindergarten through four shall be subject to long-term suspension.
No single long-term suspension shall be imposed upon a student in the grade five and above program in a manner that causes the student to lose academic grades or credit in excess of one trimester/semester.
All long-term suspensions and the reasons therefore shall be reported in writing to the Superintendent's designee within 24 hours after the imposition of the suspension.
Unless the behavior is Exceptional Misconduct (see pages 17-21), no student shall be long-term suspended unless another form of corrective action reasonably calculated to modify his or her conduct has previously been imposed upon a student as a consequence for misconduct of the same nature.
“Expulsion” shall mean a denial of attendance for any period of time up to, but no longer than, the length of an academic term. An expulsion also includes a denial of admission to or entry upon real and personal property that is owned, leased, rented, or controlled by the school district. A student may be expelled for violation of the code of conduct, subject to the following limitations or conditions:
The nature and circumstances of the violation must reasonably warrant the harshness of expulsion.
The expulsion must not exceed the length of an academic term. However, building administrators may petition the superintendent’s designee to exceed this limitation on an expulsion if a student’s return to school would pose a risk to public health or safety. Such petitions will comply with WAC 392-400-410.
No student shall be expelled unless other forms of corrective action reasonably calculated to modify his or her conduct have failed or unless there is good reason to believe that other forms of corrective action would fail if employed.
Once a student has been expelled in compliance with this chapter, the expulsion shall be brought to the attention of appropriate local and state authorities including, but not limited to, juvenile authorities.
All expulsions and the reasons therefore shall be reported in writing to the superintendent's designee within 24 hours after the imposition of the expulsion.
A student may be removed immediately from a class, subject, or activity by a certificated teacher or an administrator and sent to the building administrator or another designated school authority, provided that the teacher or administrator has good and sufficient reason to believe that the student’s presence poses an immediate and continuing threat to the student, other students, or school staff or an immediate and continuing threat of substantial disruption of the class, subject, activity, bus, or educational process of the student’s school. The removal from classes, subjects, or activities shall continue only until:
The danger or threat ceases, or
The principal or other designated school authority acts to impose corrective action.
Procedural due process for emergency removal
The principal or his or her designee shall meet with the student as soon as reasonably possible following the student’s emergency removal and take or initiate appropriate corrective action — i.e., imposition of discipline, short-term suspension, emergency expulsion or initiation of long- term suspension or expulsion.
Prior to or at the time any such student is returned to the class, subject, or activity, the principal or his or her designee shall notify the teacher or administrator who removed the student therefrom of the action which has been taken or initiated.
A student may be expelled immediately by the District Superintendent, the Assistant Superintendent of Secondary Education, the Assistant Superintendent of Elementary Education, a Principal, an Assistant Principal, or a designee of the superintendent in emergency situations, provided that the imposing administrator has good and sufficient reason to believe that the student‘s presence poses an immediate and continuing danger to other students or school personnel or an immediate and continuing threat of substantial disruption of the educational process.
An emergency expulsion must end or be converted to another form of corrective action within 10 school days of the date of the emergency removal from school. Notice and due process rights appropriate to the new corrective action must be provided.
An administrator may offer to hold some or all of the days of a suspension in abeyance unless there are particular circumstances that would make this approach inappropriate. Under an abeyance contract, an administrator agrees to not immediately impose some or all of the assigned days of suspension in exchange for the agreement of the student and parent to certain conditions, including their agreement to waive appeal of the corrective action. The term of the abeyance contract may not exceed the maximum suspension term for the offense level. If a student violates his/her abeyance contract, the student must serve the remaining term of the initial suspension. The student may also be subject to new corrective action for the additional offense.
Any student, parent, or guardian who is aggrieved by the imposition of discipline or a short-term suspension shall have the right to an informal conference with the building principal or his or her designee for the purpose of resolving the grievance. The employee whose action is being grieved shall be notified of the initiation of a grievance as soon as reasonably possible. During such conference, the student, parent, or guardian shall be subject to questioning by the building principal or his or her designee and shall be entitled to question school personnel involved in the matter being grieved.
Subsequent to the building level grievance meeting, the student, parent or guardian, upon two (2) school business days’ prior notice, shall have the right to present a written and/or oral grievance to the superintendent or the superintendent’s designee.
If the grievance is not resolved, the student, parent or guardian, upon two (2) school business days’ prior notice, shall have the right to present a written or oral grievance to the Board of Directors for consideration at the next regular Board meeting. The Board shall notify the student, parent or guardian of its response to the grievance within ten (10) school business days after the date of the meeting.
The discipline or short-term suspension shall continue, notwithstanding the implementation of the grievance procedure, unless the principal or his or her designee elects to postpone such action.
Notice of Hearing/Waiver of Hearing for Long-Term Suspension and Expulsion
Prior to the long-term suspension or expulsion of a student, written notice of an opportunity for a hearing shall be delivered in person or by certified mail to the student and to his or her parent(s). The notice shall:
Be provided in the predominant language of a student and/or parent(s) who predominantly speak a language other than English, in accordance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964,
Specify the alleged misconduct and the school district rule(s) alleged to have been violated,
Set forth the corrective action proposed,
Set forth the right of the student and his or her parent(s) to a hearing for the purpose of contesting the allegations(s), and
Set forth the facts that:
A written or oral request for hearing must be received by the school district designated employee, or by his or her office, on or before the expiration of three (3) school business days after receipt of the notice of opportunity for a hearing, and
If such a request is not received within the prescribed period of time, then the right to a hearing may be deemed to have been waived and the proposed long-term suspension or expulsion may be imposed by the school district without any further opportunity for the student or his or her parent(s) to contest the matter. A schedule of “school business days” potentially applicable to the exercise of such hearing right should be included with the notice.
The student and/or his or her parent(s) shall reply to the notice of opportunity for a hearing within three (3) school business days after the date of receipt of notice. A request for a hearing shall be provided to the school district employee specified in the notice of opportunity for a hearing, or to his or her office. A request for a hearing shall be accepted in writing or orally.
If a request for a hearing is not received within the required three (3) school business days, the school district may deem the student and his or her parent(s) to have waived the right to a hearing and the proposed long-term suspension or expulsion may be imposed
Notice of Hearing/Waiver of Hearing for Emergency Expulsion
The student and his or her parent(s) or guardian(s) shall be notified of the emergency expulsion of the student and of their opportunity for a hearing either by hand delivering written notice to the student’s parent(s) or guardian(s) within twenty-four (24) hours of the emergency expulsion and documenting delivery by obtaining his or her signature acknowledging receipt or by written certification of the person making the delivery; or by certified letter(s) deposited in the U.S. mail within twenty four (24) hours of the emergency expulsion. If the notice is by certified letter, reasonable attempts shall be made to notify the student and his or her parent(s) or guardian(s) by telephone or in person as soon as possible. Such written and oral notice shall:
Be provided in the predominant language of a student and/or parent(s) or guardian(s) who predominantly speak a language other than English, in accordance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964,
Specify the alleged reason(s) for the emergency expulsion,
Set forth the dates the emergency expulsion will begin and will end,
Set forth the right of the student and/or his or her parent(s) or guardian(s) to a hearing for the purpose of contesting the allegation(s) as soon as reasonably possible, and
a written or oral request for a hearing must be received by the school district employee designated, or by his or her office, on or before the expiration of the third school business day after receipt of the notice of opportunity for a hearing, and
if such a request is not received within the prescribed period of time, then the right to a hearing may be deemed to have been waived and the emergency expulsion may be continued as deemed necessary for up to ten (10) school days from the date of the student’s emergency removal from school without any further opportunity for the student or his/her parent(s) or guardian(s) to contest the matter. A schedule of school business days potentially applicable to the exercise of such hearing right should be included with the notice.
The student and/or his or her parent(s) or guardian(s) shall reply to the notice of opportunity for a hearing and request a hearing within three (3) school business days after the date of receipt of the notice. A request for a hearing shall be provided to the school district employee specified in the notice of opportunity for a hearing, or to his or her office. A request for a hearing shall be accepted in writing or orally.
If a request for a hearing is not received within the required three (3) school business day period, the school district may deem the student and his or her parent(s) or guardian(s) to have waived the right to a hearing and the emergency expulsion may be continued as deemed necessary for a period of up to ten (10) school days from the date of the emergency removal from school.
Pre-Hearing and Hearing Process for Long-Term Suspension, Expulsion, and Emergency Expulsion
If a request for a hearing is received within the required three (3) school business days, the school district shall schedule a hearing to commence within three (3) school business days after the date upon which the request for a hearing was received (or two (2) school business days in the case of an emergency expulsion).
The student and his or her parent(s) shall have the right to:
Inspect in advance of the hearing any documentary and other physical evidence which the school district intends to introduce at the hearing,
Be represented by legal counsel,
Question and confront witnesses, unless a school district witness does not appear and the witness is excused by the person hearing the case based upon evidence of good reason for doing so submitted by the school district.
Present his or her explanation of the alleged misconduct, and
Make such relevant showings by way of witnesses and the introduction of documentary and other physical evidence as he or she desires.
The designee(s) of the school district assigned to present the district’s case shall have the right to inspect in advance of the hearing any documentary or other physical evidence which the student and his or her parent(s) intend to introduce at the hearing.
The person(s) hearing the case shall not be a witness and the final decision regarding the imposition of corrective action shall be determined solely on the basis of the evidence presented at the hearing.
Either a tape or audio recording or verbatim record of the hearing shall be made.
In the case of a long-term suspension or expulsion, a written decision setting forth the findings of fact, conclusions, and the nature and duration of the expulsion, long-term suspension, or lesser form of corrective action to be imposed, if any, shall be provided to student’s legal counsel, or if none, to the student and his or her parent(s).
In the case of an emergency expulsion, within one (1) school business day after the date upon which the hearing concludes, a decision as to whether or not the emergency expulsion shall continue shall be rendered, and the student and his or her parent(s) or guardian(s), and legal counsel, if any, shall be notified thereof by depositing a certified letter in the U.S. mail. The decision shall set forth the findings of fact, the conclusions (including a conclusion as to whether the immediate and continuing danger to students or staff or the immediate and continuing threat of substantial disruption to the educational process has terminated), and whether the emergency expulsion shall be converted to another form of corrective action.
The purpose of the re-admission process is not to appeal the disciplinary action, but to request re-admission to school prior to the end of the suspension or expulsion.
If a student desires to be readmitted to the school from which he/she has been suspended/expelled, the parent and student shall submit a written request to the Director of Student Services.
The request for re-admission should include the following:
Any mitigating circumstances surrounding the long-term suspension or expulsion from the District. This may include: the student’s age, the student’s knowledge and participation in the act(s) leading to the long-term suspension or expulsion, the student’s prior discipline and academic record, remedial actions the student or the parent(s) have taken to ensure that the act or behavior is not repeated, evidence that the student has satisfactorily completed a District-approved behavior modification class or counseling, if applicable, or evidence that the student has made academic progress in an alternative educational setting, if applicable.
Why the student believes re-admittance at this time is appropriate.
New evidence, if any, which would support the student’s request.
Supporting references, if any, such as statements from the parent or guardian or agencies or private practitioners who may have assisted the student.
Documentation, if any, of what has been done to address the behavior that caused the long-term suspension or expulsion.
The superintendent will designate a school official to consider the application, conducting an investigation of all pertinent information concerning the application for admission, including possible behavioral conditions upon which the student may be admitted. The designee will make a decision either approving or denying the request for admission.
If the application is approved, a written behavioral agreement clearly outlining specific behavioral conditions for admission will be established by the receiving school’s principal and agreed upon by the student and parent(s) before the student is admitted to school.
If the application for admission is denied, the long-term suspension or expulsion shall continue as originally imposed. Upon the student’s further efforts at behavioral change, a new application may be submitted.
After imposing a long-term suspension or expulsion, administrators should make reasonable efforts to assist the student in returning to an educational setting. The school should convene a meeting with the student and parent(s) within 20 days of a long-term suspension or expulsion (and no later than five days before the student re-enrolls), to discuss a plan to reengage the student in a school program. Administrators should consider shortening the corrective action, imposing other forms of corrective action and using supportive interventions. The district will create a re-engagement plan tailored to the student’s individual circumstances. The plan will consider the incident that led to the discipline and aid the student in taking the necessary steps to remedy that situation. The re-engagement process is separate from the re-admission process and must take place regardless of whether a student applies for re-admission.
Students with disabilities pursuant to Section 504 or the IDEA may be removed from school for up to 10 cumulative school days per school year by following the corrective action procedures applicable to all students. If a suspension beyond 10 cumulative days is contemplated, special procedures must be followed; a manifestation determination conference must be held.
If the manifestation determination conference concludes that the student’s behavior is a manifestation of the student’s disability, the student must be returned to the placement from which he or she was removed, and the 504 team or IEP team should convene to discuss whether development or modification of a behavior plan for the student is warranted. If the manifestation determination conference concludes that the student’s behavior is not a manifestation of the student’s disability, the District may impose corrective action in the same manner as corrective action would be imposed upon a non-disabled student. Please refer to NSD Procedure 2161P for specific procedures.
A student with a disability under IDEA may be removed to an Interim Alternative Educational Setting in circumstances involving the use or possession of drugs, weapons or serious bodily injury. Refer to NSD Procedure 2161P for specific procedures.
School districts may not suspend the provision of educational services as a disciplinary action, whether discretionary or nondiscretionary.
While students may be excluded from classrooms and other instructional or activity areas for the period of suspension or expulsion, districts must provide students with an opportunity to receive educational services during this time
If educational services are provided in an alternative setting, the alternative setting should be comparable, equitable and appropriate to the regular education services a student would have received without the exclusionary discipline.
Action Levels
When considering corrective actions, the District strives to keep students in their classroom whenever possible. Disciplinary actions must be non-discriminatory, fair, age-appropriate and correspond to the severity of the student’s misbehavior.
Administrators may exercise reasonable discretion in deciding which violation occurred. Administrators will determine the appropriate level of action to take for an attempted violation.
The chart below lists actions that may be taken by school administration as the result of a violation. The Action Level identifies maximum action for violations assigned to that level. Multiple actions may be applied to a single violation. Actions listed in bold are the maximum action for that level of violation and should only be imposed after other forms of corrective action have been attempted to correct the behavior.
Levels identified below are intended to be applicable to first offenses. Subsequent offenses will result in a move up the level system
Confiscation of Inappropriate Items
Contract (Academic, Attendance, Behavior)
Intervention Group
Meeting with School Counselor
Parent Notification and Conference
Positive Behavioral Support Plan
Privileges Suspended
Reassignment to Different Class/Programs
Request Student Conference
Saturday School
Student Verbal Apology
Student Written Apology
Teen Court
Time Out/Reset
Other Action (consistent with other Level 1 interventions).
*Some actions may not be available at all site
Any Action from the prior level(s)may also be imposed.
In School Suspension
Short Term Suspension and/or Abeyance (1-10 days)
Any Action from the prior level(s) may also be imposed.
Short/Long Term Suspension and/or Abeyance (10 or more days)
Any Action from the prior level(s) may also be imposed
The Northshore School District has identified the following violations: behaviors/activities that are prohibited on campus, on school transportation, at all school-sponsored activities, and off campus when the conduct is connected to or affects the school environment. Attempting to commit a violation, assisting another person in committing a violation, or forcing another person to commit a violation is also a violation of the code of conduct. The action levels below also apply to any attempt or assistance regarding the identified violations:
*Exceptional Misconduct Rules – Conduct marked with an asterisk (*) is designated as exceptional misconduct and has been judged, following consultation with an ad hoc citizens committee, to be (a) so serious in nature and/or so serious in terms of the disruptive effect upon the operation of the school, or (b) is of such frequent occurrence, notwithstanding past attempts to control such misconduct with other forms of corrective action, that students may be subject to suspension (short or long-term) for a first-time offense.
Such misconduct may also result in emergency denial of attendance or expulsion, even if another form of corrective action has not been previously imposed. The consequences for violating the district’s exceptional misconduct rules could impact students’ ability to participate in graduation ceremonies and other school sponsored activities.
Academic Dishonesty/Plagiarism*
Alcohol*
Arson*
Bullying & Cyberbullying*
Dangerous Items, Disruptive Items, and/or Explosive Devices*
Destruction of Property/Vandalism*
Discriminatory Harassment*
Disruptive Conduct
Driving/Parking Violation
Failure to Cooperate*
Failure to Submit to Corrective Action*
Fighting Without Major Injury*
Gang Behavior or Affiliation*
Hazing*
Horseplay*
Illicit Drug*
Marijuana*
Misrepresentation*
Misuse of Technology*
Multiple Minor Accumulated Incidents*
Pornography*
Possession of a Weapon*
Public Displays of Intimate Affection
Reckless Burning*
Recklessness*
Sexual Harassment*
Sexually Inappropriate Conduct*
Theft or Possession of Stolen Property*
Tobacco/Smoking
Threats*
Trespass/Loitering*
Unauthorized Transportation
Vapes/Substance Delivering Devices*
Verbal Confrontations, Taunting, Provoking*
Violence with Major Injury*
Violence Without Major Injury
Action Level: 2
Knowingly submitting the work of others represented as the student's own, assisting another student in doing so, enabling such misrepresentation to occur, or using unauthorized sources.
Use or possession of alcohol.
Purchase, sale, intent to sell, or intent to purchase (whether completed or not), transport, distribution, and/or delivery, of alcoholic beverages or substances represented as alcohol.
Malicious or intentional burning of property.
Failure to regularly be in attendance, remain on school grounds from the time of arrival and attend regularly scheduled classes, unless officially excused.
Intentionally written message or images—including those that are electronically transmitted—and verbal or physical actions, including but not limited to messages and actions shown to be motivated by race, color, religion, ancestry, national origin, gender, sexual orientation, including gender expression or identity, mental or physical disability or other distinguishing characteristics, are prohibited when an act:
Physically harms a student or damages the student’s property.
Has the effect of substantially interfering with a student’s education?
Is so severe, persistent or pervasive that it creates an intimidating or threatening educational environment.
Has the effect of substantially disrupting the orderly operation of the school?
The possession, use, trade, purchase or distribution of any item that is capable of inflicting serious bodily harm or of causing disruption is strictly prohibited. Examples include, but are not limited to: toys, tools, lighters, laser pointers, pagers, firecrackers, handcuffs, shock pens and matches.
Intentional damage of school property or the property of others.
Unfair or unequal treatment or harassment of a person because they are part of a group, defined by law, as a protected class. A protected class is a group of people who share common characteristics and are protected from discrimination and harassment under federal and state law. These groups are protected classes under Washington state law: race and color, sexual orientation, national origin, gender expression, religion and creed, gender identity, sex, veteran or military status, disability, use of a trained dog guide or service animal.
Conduct that materially and substantially interferes with the educational process.
Failure to obey all applicable driving and parking regulations, whether adopted by the school or by law.
Failure to comply with or follow reasonable, lawful directions or requests of teachers or staff. This includes, but is not limited to non-compliance, defiance and disrespect.
Failure to submit to lawful corrective action imposed by the District or its authorized employees.
Mutual participation in an incident involving physical violence, where there is no injury requiring professional medical attention.
Playing cards, dice, or games of chance for money or other things of value; or betting money or other things of value.
Displaying gang membership or affiliation through behavior, gestures, apparel, activities, or other attributes that lead or reasonably could lead to disruption of the educational process. A "gang" means a group, organization or association which (i) consists of three or more persons; (ii) has identifiable leadership; and (iii) on an ongoing basis conspires and acts in conduct mainly for criminal or disruptive purposes.
Any perceived action taken, or situation created intentionally, that causes embarrassment, harassment or ridicule; risks emotional and/or physical harm to members of the group or team; whether new or not; regardless of the person’s willingness to participate. Hazing activities may include but are not limited to the following: Abuse of alcohol during new member’s activities, striking another person whether by use of any object or one’s body, creation of excessive fatigue, physical and/or psychological shock, morally degrading or humiliating games or activities that create risk of bodily, emotional or mental harm.
Rough play or mischief
Physical acts that endanger the health and safety of others, including minor aggressive acts that do not rise to the level of fighting without major injury.
Use or possession of any controlled drug or narcotic substance.
Purchase, sale, intent to sell, or intent to purchase (whether completed or not), transport, distribution, and/or delivery of any controlled drug or narcotic substance, prescription or over-the-counter medication, or any item purporting to be any of the above Reasonable suspicion* of being under the influence of any drug, or illegal substance.
Swearing or other use of language in an inappropriate way, including disrespect toward authority.
Use or possession of marijuana in any form.
Purchase, sale, intent to sell, or intent to purchase (whether completed or not), transport, distribution, and/or delivery of cannabis/marijuana in any form.
Acts of misrepresentation, including dishonesty, hindering a school investigation, falsifying the authorization of another person, identity theft, or impersonating a student or district employee in any format.
Use of school network, computers, or other technology for non-instructional or prohibited purposes. See Policy 2022
Discipline for culmination of multiple minor infractions that both occurred throughout the school year and individually would not rise to the severity of meriting a short-term or long-term suspension or expulsion.
Possession or transfer of written material or images depicting a person or persons in a sexually explicit manner.
The carrying of any firearm or dangerous weapon onto school property, school-provided transportation, school facilities or non-district property being used by the school or district is prohibited by state law and district rule of “No Tolerance.” (RCW 9.41.250; RCW 9.41.280 and RCW 28A.600.420)
Category 1 - Weapons, Firearms & Dangerous Items
Action Level: 3 except for firearms- they are a 4 expulsion, as required by law
The possession, use, transfer or transportation of any firearm or dangerous weapon on campus or at school related activities.
Firearms are defined as weapons such as a handgun, rifle or any device from which a projectile may be fired by an explosive such as gunpowder.
Dangerous weapons also include any toy, “dummy” or look-alike object, or any object that looks or acts like a weapon, such as a firearm, knife, projectile, fireworks, or grenade if possessed, displayed or intimidates with dangerous intent.
Dangerous items also include other objects when they are used with dangerous intent, malice or poses a threat to students and/or staff.
Category 2 - Other Weapon Violations
(Without finding of dangerous intent, malice or threat)
Possession, use, transfer or transportation of all objects that may be considered a dangerous weapon but the presence and circumstances of possession do not present a material danger to self, other students or staff by use or intent. The administrator may exercise discretion when interpreting use and intent with such objects. Where circumstances do not support a finding of dangerous intent, malice or threat to students and/or staff, a lesser sanction may be imposed.
Dangerous weapons include items known as a sling shot, sand club, black jack, billy club, metal knuckles, or any knife, any double-sided knife, any spring or mechanically loaded knife such as a switch- blade, any knife which opens by force of gravity or centrifugal thrust such as a butterfly knife, any knife with a fixed blade of any length, or any saber, sword, dagger or dirk. Devices known as “nun-chu-ka sticks” consisting of two or more lengths of wood, metal or plastic, or similar substance connected with wire, rope, or other means, “throwing stars” or any metal object designed to embed upon impact. This includes, any air gun, including any air pistol or air rifle designed to propel a BB, pellet, or other projectile by the discharge of compressed air, carbon dioxide, or other gas.
Dangerous weapons also include explosive devices including, but not limited to fireworks, ammunition, blasting caps, incendiary components or device or any combination of incendiary or explosive items;
Dangerous weapons also include any contrivance or device for suppressing the noise of any firearm or the carrying of any device or contrivance with intent to conceal any dagger, dirk, pistol or dangerous weapon.
Dangerous weapons also include any disabling or incapacitating items such as electronic stunning or shocking devices; any object used in a threatening manner and/or used as a weapon which could reasonably be perceived, given the circumstances, as having the ability to cause bodily harm though not commonly thought of as a dangerous weapon, such as a starter pistol, flare gun, cayenne pepper, mace, ice pick, elongated scissors or straight razor, razor blades, bladed cutting devices.
Category 3 - Other Items
The possession, use, or transfer of any object when there is no reasonable purpose for possessing the item except to use it as a weapon and/or represent it as a weapon. Category 3 applies to any instrument, toy, “dummy” or look-a-like object that appears to be a firearm, or which looks or acts like a weapon. Category 3 weapons include nuisance items, toys, tools, look-alike firearms, toy firearms, small pocketknives or other unauthorized items, or when there is no other reasonable purpose for possessing the object except to use it or represent it as a weapon, whether or not specifically defined as a dangerous weapon. The possession, use, transfer of any Category 3 object is considered a disruption to the educational process and potentially dangerous to the safety and welfare of students and staff.
Open displays of intimate affection, including prolonged embraces or kissing, fondling, or dancing in a lewd or suggestive manner.
Careless or negligent burning of property.
Reckless damage to or destruction of another's property; behavior that may pose a risk to the health and safety of others; false alarms.
Unwelcome sexual advances, requests for sexual favors and other verbal or physical conduct directed at person because of his/her sex where:
Submission to such conduct is made either explicitly or implicitly a term or condition of an individual's academic standing or employment; or
Submission to or rejection of such conduct by an individual is used as the basis for academic decisions or employment affecting such individual; or
Such conduct has the purpose or effect of unreasonably interfering with an individual's work or academic performance or creating an intimidating, hostile or offensive working or learning environment.
Obscene acts or expressions, whether verbal or nonverbal, including indecent exposure.
Taking or knowingly being in possession of district property or property of others without permission.
Possession, use, distribution, transfer, or sale of tobacco or nicotine products. Tobacco and/or related products will be confiscated and discarded.
Vapor, hookah, e-cigarettes, mods, substance-carrying devices, and liquids or oils for use with these devices, are considered drug paraphernalia. See “ALCOHOL, MARIJUANA, CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES.”
Any statement expressed in any form that can reasonably be interpreted as threatening in tone, content, or language or which creates a sense of fear or apprehension for the safety of a person or their property. Includes extortion (any action taken to obtain something by use of undue or illegal threat or force.)
Entering or remaining upon school district property without authorization.
Possessing or utilizing scooters, shoes with wheels, skates, roller blades, skateboards, go carts, mini-bikes, motorized wheel devices other than automobiles, or horses on school district property.
Student is in possession of a vaping paraphernalia, but no evidence of being under the influence. (without finding of being under the influence) Repeat offenses will result in progressive discipline.
Possession, use, transfer and/or sharing of a vape with suspicion of being under the influence of any drug, or illegal substance. Vapor, hookah, e-cigarettes, mods, substance-carrying devices, and liquids or oils for use with these devices, are considered drug paraphernalia. See “ALCOHOL, MARIJUANA, CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES.” (with finding of being under the influence, or reasonable suspicion)
Challenging, mocking, insulting, and behavior that provokes or may provoke a physical confrontation, including encouraging or inciting others to fight.
Any violent incident that result in an injury for which another person requires professional medical attention.
Any violent incident that does not result in an injury for which another person requires professional medical attention.
Alcohol, Marijuana, Illicit Drugs or Vaping Devices
The use of alcohol, marijuana and other drugs by students is serious and can be life threatening. Students’ use of alcohol, marijuana, and other drugs (including but not limited to: vapor, hookah and e-cigarettes) may impair their health, self-esteem, dignity, quality of life, learning ability and potential contribution to society. Substance use has a disruptive and negative influence on school, its programs and activities. Prompt intervention can be an effective deterrent against the abuse of controlled substances, thus helping the student user and protecting the general school population.
Discipline for violations is progressive but offers abeyance contracts for students who receive a drug and alcohol assessment and complete all of the recommendations. Chemical dependency is treatable and early identification, assessment and intervention are conducive to successful treatment. The school district can assist in arranging access to drug and alcohol counseling, treatment and re-entry programs, however, parents have the primary responsibility to seek assistance and resolve alcohol and other drug use problems that their children experience. The Northshore School District will not be responsible for payment of any associated costs of treatment including any additional urinalysis assessment (UA) testing. For further information, contact your school principal or counselor.
Possession, use, purchase, sale, or intent to sell or intent to purchase (whether completed or not), transport, distribution, and/or delivery, of alcohol, marijuana, any food or beverage containing alcohol, marijuana, controlled substances, (e.g., narcotics or inhalants) prescription drugs, or other chemical substances, in a manner inconsistent with its intended use, the prescribing order or look-a-likes including but not limited to drug paraphernalia or substance carrying devices (including but not limited to: vapor, hookah and e-cigarettes) is prohibited. Being under the influence, use, possession, distribution, purchase, sale, trade, or consumption at any time on Northshore School District property is prohibited. This rule is applicable to the school day and during any school-related functions or activities whether during the school day or not. Violators will be suspended or expelled and police may be contacted. The district will randomly conduct canine searches with the assistance of local law enforcement.
The District has adopted a specific set of progressive disciplinary consequences for the use, possession, or transfer of alcohol, marijuana, illicit drugs or vaping devices. These recommended actions may be increased in severity, up to and including expulsion, or reduced, based upon the specific circumstances of the violation as provided for herein.
Use or Possession of Alcohol, Marijuana, Illicit Drugs, or Vaping Paraphernalia (under the influence)
Transfer (whether completed or not)
Vaping Devices
1st Violation – Any student in violation of these rules for the first time shall be short-term suspended for ten (10) school days except as noted under ‘Special Sanction.” This suspension may be reduced to a minimum five (5) school days’ contingent upon student’s participation in the suspension reduction process outline below.
Suspension Reduction
If the student and parent agree, and the student undergoes an assessment performed by a state certified chemical dependent treatment agency qualified to perform drug and alcohol assessments, the suspension will be reduced to the minimum school days, subject to the student’s successful completion of; a drug and alcohol assessment, any follow-up treatment recommendations and student and parent/guardian attendance at the district drug/alcohol information class. The suspension will not be reduced and the student will not be readmitted to school during the suspension period until the counselor from the approved program provides the principal or his/her designee with a written description of the counseling program developed for the student and a written statement that the student is enrolled in the program. The remaining days of suspension will be held in abeyance and, as determined by the building administrator, may be imposed if the student fails to complete the assessment and/or subsequent program recommendations in a timely manner. During a short-term suspension, a student may not attend school or participate in any school related activities which may include and affect graduation and companion activities.
2nd Violation – Any student in violation of this rule for the second time will be suspended for ninety (90) school days. This suspension may be reduced to a minimum twenty (20) school days. Same as 1.a. above, for suspension reduction.
3rd Violation – If there is a third offense, the student may be suspended a minimum of ninety (90) school days with the student’s successful completion of an alcohol and drug assessment and any follow-up recommendations.
Any student who transfers alcohol, marijuana or illicit drugs to another, even if it is a first violation, will be long-term suspended for ninety (90) school days consistent with day and credit loss limitations. The student should also obtain an assessment and comply with recommended treatment.
For purposes of this policy, “under the influence” shall include any consumption or ingestion of controlled substances by a student. The school nurse will perform a Student Substance Abuse Evaluation. A local paramedic or EMT may also be called to examine the student. If based on the student's behavior, medical symptoms, vital signs or other observable factors, an administrator has “reasonable suspicion” that a student is under the influence of a controlled substance, the student will be placed on suspension.
If the student is suspected to be under the influence, Administration may require participation in drug counseling, rehabilitation, testing, or other programs as a condition of reinstatement into the school's educational, extracurricular, or athletic programs resulting from violations of this policy.
Reasonable suspicion shall mean specific observable facts that can be described and that indicate a particular student is in the possession of, or has used alcohol, illegal drugs, drug paraphernalia, or mind-altering substances, or that which purports to be, within the school day and/or to or from school, on adjacent to school property or at school sponsored activities. Possession for the purpose of delivering or selling to others will result in more severe discipline.
Chapter 70.345 RCW: It is illegal for anyone under the age of 18 to purchase, attempt to purchase, possess, or obtain vapor products. A person under 18 possessing vapor products may face an infraction penalty. Over 18 – Adults may be cited with a gross misdemeanor for furnishing vapor products to minors.
Vaping and substance carrying devices (including, but not limited to: vapor, hookah, e-cigarettes, and mods) are considered drug paraphernalia. All Northshore schools prohibit students from
using, possessing, distributing, and being under the influence of any controlled substances during school hours, at any time while on school property, at any school-sponsored activity, and during the time spent traveling to and from school and school-sponsored activities. Violators will face disciplinary action and police may be contacted.
A number of different illegal substances can be used in vaping devices from flavored oils and nicotine to marijuana, cannabis oil, synthetic drugs, or crack cocaine. These devices all produce an odorless vapor that resembles smoke, but no flame. A person smoking marijuana or any other illegal substance in an electronic smoking/vaping device can too easily disguise the substance being inhaled.
A student’s suspension may be reduced by attending the District’s Alcohol, Tobacco, & Other Drugs 4- hour class; and by completing a drug assessment prior to re-entry – see Student/Parent Information regarding terms for suspension reduction.
For every violation, regardless of category:
Confiscate all vaping product(s) and/or device(s)
Notify parent/guardian of incident
Student and parent must register and attend Center for Human Services Alcohol, Tobacco, and Other Drugs (ATOD) informational class (a free class contracted by the NSD)
Student will meet with Prevention/Intervention Specialist weekly
Student and parent will be provided a copy of school policy and a fact sheet to parents/guardians re: dangers of vaping
Identify and refer to other resources as necessary
Repeat offenses will result in progressive discipline.
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Added on November 30, 2018 KV Network
Farooq extends support to farmers rally, says Kashmir stands with them
New Delhi: Former Jammu and Kashmir chief minister Farooq Abdullah extended his support to farmers, who have gathered here to press for their demands, and urged people to join hands to overthrow the BJP government in the upcoming elections.
The national conference leader joined several leaders from the opposition parties at Jantar Mantar in the national capital where thousands of farmers from across the country have gathered to press for their demands, including debt relief and remunerative prices for their produce.
Abdullah, in his address at the venue, said Kashmir was a part of India and would always remain a part of it, and added, “Kashmiris are standing with farmers and support them in their rights”.
“We all know your plight. We know how you spend everything on your farms and when you do not get the right produce you have to starve. The farmers’ movement to Delhi is a wake-up call for the government,” he said.
He also said the Muslims were not against the Ram temple.
“Muslims are not against the temple. The hatred that is being spread by the government that Muslims are against the Ram Mandir is not true. Whenever elections come, these people remember Ram,” he said.
“They (BJP) want to divide India on communal lines. We are 70 per cent Muslims (in Kashmir) and we will live and die for India. Your worries are our worries and we are standing with you. Elections are coming, let us stand together and not let them divide us and let us overthrow them,” he said.
by KV Network
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Home / Music News / Rapper Turned Actor Cast As Motley Crue Member
Rapper Turned Actor Cast As Motley Crue Member
01/22/2018 Music News Comments Off on Rapper Turned Actor Cast As Motley Crue Member 1,094 Views
This past Thursday (January 18th) Motley Crue drummer Tommy Lee revealed the film based on the band’s biography was set to start pre-production in February.
The Dirt will have Colson Baker aka rapper Machine Gun Kelly filling the role of drummer Tommy Lee. He has previously been on Showtime’s Roadies and in the movies Nerve, The Land, & Viral.
Baker is a musician, but his brother has been hired by the film as his drummer teacher to make sure he’s ready to fully take on the role & can play drums before they start filming.
It has already been revealed that Douglas Booth will play bassist Nikki Sixx. Neither roles of Vince Neil or Mick Mars have been filled yet.
Bad Grandpa director Jeff Tremaine will helm the movie, while the band members will be there as co-producers.
The movie is based off the band’s 2001 biography The Dirt: Confessions Of The World’s Most Notorious Rock Band & will be produced & released through Netflix.
More here from Variety.
Colson Baker Douglas Booth Machine Gun Kelly Motley Crue Nikki Sixx The Dirt: Confessions Of The World's Most Notorious Rock Band Tommy Lee Vince Neil Mick Mars 2018-01-22
Tags Colson Baker Douglas Booth Machine Gun Kelly Motley Crue Nikki Sixx The Dirt: Confessions Of The World's Most Notorious Rock Band Tommy Lee Vince Neil Mick Mars
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Tony Spilotro’s last act
pho009317.jpg
Photo Courtesy UNLV Special Collections, North Las Vegas Library Collection
The Outfit's misfit: Tony Spilotro, left, with his attorney Oscar Goodman in April 1980
Geoff Schumacher
Thirty years ago, the murder of the charismatic Vegas mobster marked the final act in the mob’s 40-year run in Las Vegas — but not the end of its lore
On Sunday, June 22, 1986, Indiana farmer Michael Kinz was spreading chemicals on his cornfield when he came across a newly dug grave. Suspecting a poacher had buried the carcass of a deer shot out of season, Kinz called biologist Dick Hudson from the Indiana Division of Fish and Wildlife. Hudson drove to the site that evening and started digging. He soon learned that the grave concealed not the remains of a deer but of a human body. “About three feet down, my shovel hit him in the midsection,” Hudson told the Chicago Tribune. “I thought to myself, this is a person. I’m not going to dig anymore.”
The Newton County sheriff and his deputies arrived next at the site, about 60 miles southeast of Chicago. They continued to excavate the grave and found not one but two bodies, one stacked on top of the other. They had been badly beaten and stripped of all clothing except their underwear.
The following morning the bodies were taken to Indianapolis, where autopsies were performed. Dental records confirmed the victims were Anthony Spilotro, 48, and Michael Spilotro, 41.
The press reported the story the following morning. The brothers were Chicago mobsters. Anthony — “Tough Tony,” “Tony the Ant” — had helmed the Chicago Outfit’s criminal operations in Las Vegas for 15 years. Authorities suspected him of committing and commissioning numerous murders. His younger brother had owned a restaurant, Hoagies, in Chicago and was linked to various criminal enterprises.
Their deaths did not come as a big surprise. Both had trials coming up. They’d been missing for 10 days, and Tony Spilotro was on the outs with his mob bosses. The day after the bodies were found, the Los Angeles Times quoted Bill Roemer, a former FBI agent who investigated organized crime in Chicago:
“Spilotro wasn’t doing his job in Las Vegas. He maintained too high a profile there. Mobsters flourish in darkness. Spilotro, facing three major trials, was obviously not following that dictum. He was under the glare of the harshest spotlight.”
Las Vegas police officials had similar thoughts. “The department had been receiving intelligence that Tony’s days were numbered,” Metro detective Gene Smith told author Dennis Griffin. “He’d been falling out of favor with the bosses for quite a while, because he wouldn’t give up his street rackets and keep a low profile.”
Spilotro’s attorney, Oscar Goodman, attended the funeral and noted the absence of several Outfit bosses for whom Spilotro had worked. “That said a lot to me about who was behind Tony’s murder,” Goodman writes in his memoir.
Twenty years later, details of the Spilotro murders finally came out, and they validated Goodman’s suspicions. In 2005, the feds indicted 14 members and associates of the Chicago Outfit, charging them with, among other offenses, 18 murders. This was the so-called Family Secrets case.
Just as Roemer, Smith, Goodman and others suspected in 1986, the Chicago bosses had decided it was time for Tony and Michael Spilotro to go. “The Spilotro act in Las Vegas had worn thin,” mobster-turned-informant Frank Calabrese Jr. wrote in his memoir. Chicago crime boss Joey Aiuppa had recently received a prison sentence for his role in the Las Vegas skim, and he blamed Tony’s high-profile misbehavior for having to spend his golden years behind bars.
The Spilotro brothers were summoned to Chicago for a meeting. They were given the impression it was going to be a positive affair, with Michael becoming a “made” member and Tony being promoted to “capo.” They misread the situation. On June 14, 1986, the “murder party” gathered in the basement of a home in Bensenville, Illinois. Jimmy Marcello picked up the Spilotros. When the brothers descended into the basement, they quickly realized they were in deep trouble. They were beaten to death, then and there, and later buried in the cornfield.
Tony Spilotro’s death is generally agreed to mark the end of traditional organized crime in Las Vegas. Surely a few wise guys still lurked in the shadows of Las Vegas in the years following, but if they were active, it was mostly penny-ante stuff. Lucrative casino-skimming operations were a thing of the past, and nobody was orchestrating the kind of criminal rackets that Spilotro had going in the ’70s and early ’80s.
Goodman told journalist John L. Smith that Spilotro’s death left a huge void not only in his law practice but his life: “Until Tony got killed, I didn’t realize how much time out of my life he took. It was like I had nothing to do. It was like my whole life was taken up taking care of Tony Spilotro, and everything else was ancillary and had to be fit into little niches.”
Spilotro’s death also left a void for the local press, which had thrived for years on news coverage of his criminal exploits. Spilotro was a full-time job for some local reporters, as he was constantly in court facing charges or battling with gaming regulators over his eventual inclusion in the Black Book, Nevada’s list of “undesirables” banned from entering casinos.
“During that period of time, almost every day we were doing a story on Spilotro,” says Bob Stoldal, who was KLAS Channel 8’s news director during that era. “Almost every day there was a breaking piece of information.”
The mob had a 40-year run in Las Vegas. It started in 1945 with the purchase of the El Cortez hotel-casino by Meyer Lansky, Benjamin “Bugsy” Siegel, Gus Greenbaum and Moe Sedway. It accelerated with the opening of Siegel’s Flamingo in 1946 and Lansky’s Thunderbird in 1948. The Cleveland Syndicate, led by Moe Dalitz, financed the Desert Inn in 1950. Mobsters also were behind the Sands (1952), Riviera (1955), Dunes (1955), Tropicana (1957) and Stardust (1958). The mob had its hooks into other casinos as well.
Skimming was the primary enterprise. Over four decades, hundreds of millions of dollars of untaxed cash was quietly removed from Las Vegas casinos and shuttled to mob chieftains in Chicago, New York, Cleveland, Detroit, Kansas City and other places. The Stardust alone was netting $400,000 per month in untaxed cash for the Chicago Outfit, according to testimony from Carl Thomas, who orchestrated the skimming operation there.
During the ’50s and ’60s, the mob was relatively free to maneuver in Las Vegas. Nevada’s regulation of the casino industry was meager, and the FBI had not yet ramped up its Las Vegas office, leaving room for mobsters to enjoy secret ownership of casinos and to skim the profits. Clark County Sheriff Ralph Lamb occasionally rousted a troublemaking gangster, but the big players — such as Dalitz —
were left alone.
That started to change in the 1970s as state and federal law-enforcement agencies devoted more resources to rooting organized crime out of Las Vegas.
Spilotro’s main job was to make sure the Stardust skim made its way safely to Chicago. But Tony had bigger plans for Las Vegas. He wanted to export the mob’s tried-and-true criminal rackets — loan-sharking, extortion, robbery, burglary — to his new hometown in the desert. It would be his undoing.
Frank Cullotta is a living link to Tony Spilotro. They were teenage friends in Chicago and committed crimes together there for several years. In 1979, Spilotro summoned Cullotta to Las Vegas to serve as his criminal lieutenant. Cullotta put together a crew that became known as the Hole in the Wall Gang. They burglarized businesses, houses and hotel rooms, sometimes by punching a hole in the wall to avoid tripping the alarm. Along the way, Cullotta murdered a man named Jerry Lisner, who was feeding information to police about Cullotta and Spilotro’s activities.
In 1982, Cullotta and Spilotro were on the outs. Facing a long prison sentence and fearing that Spilotro was going to have him killed, Cullotta switched sides and became a government witness. Entering the Witness Protection Program, he moved away, assumed a new name and ran a small business.
In the mid-’90s, when he felt comfortable he wouldn’t be whacked, Cullotta left Witness Protection and resumed living as Frank Cullotta. He served as an adviser for the movie Casino and had a small role. He essentially played himself.
Today, Cullotta is 77 years old and long retired from the criminal life. He has a gruff, grandfatherly presence and drives a Prius. Yet he still lives and breathes the mob as a freelance raconteur. He’s published two books about his life, and he’s working on a third, focused on Spilotro. He’s the star attraction on mob-themed bus tours, and he’s often paid to talk to conventioneers. His blunt, unapologetic recollections about his criminal past are delivered with a Chicago accent freckled with colorful language.
Las Vegas has grown and changed so much since the late ’70s that it can be difficult to picture what it was like when Spilotro and other Outfit members and associates were running around like they owned the place. To get a few glimpses of that era, I asked Cullotta to give me a driving tour of some of the places where significant events occurred.
We met in the parking lot of a small shopping center in the southeast corner of Maryland Parkway and Flamingo Road. This was where Cullotta owned a restaurant, Upper Crust Pizzeria. “I came out to Las Vegas to do things for Tony, but I needed money to live on,” Cullotta explains. “I was short about $35,000 to open the place, so I did two burglaries to get the money.” Next to Upper Crust was a bar, My Place Lounge, which had strong Outfit connections.
Today, those establishments are gone, replaced by a Cricket cellular outlet and a furniture store. But Cullotta remembers sitting on the patio in front of his restaurant, talking with Spilotro and others with whom they collaborated on their criminal exploits. “It was our hangout,” he says. “We’d spend a good portion of our day there. Tony would come in every day.”
Across the parking lot is an old Pioneer Citizens Bank. One day in 1980, a bank employee walked into the restaurant and told Cullotta’s wife that FBI agents were lurking on the bank’s second floor. They were spying on Cullotta and company.
Then Cullotta’s restaurant partner, Leo Guardino, found an FBI camera and microphone in the ceiling of the restaurant’s storage room. Cullotta traced the camera’s wire into the adjacent real estate office. He unhooked the equipment and took it to Spilotro’s house, where they scraped off some paint and discovered “Property of U.S. Government” printed beneath it.
A couple of days later, FBI agents showed up at the restaurant and said they wanted their equipment back. At first Cullotta played dumb, but attorneys advised him to give it back or possibly face charges. “I wanted to put the thing on a Greyhound bus,” Cullotta says.
It was indicative of the scrutiny on Spilotro and friends. “We were trying to go legit with this joint, but the cops kept bothering us,” he says. “There was no way in the world they were going to let me go legit.”
It was in the My Place Lounge where Spilotro told Cullotta to kill Jerry Lisner. “We discussed it in the lounge because it was louder with the music, etc.”
Crime and time: Goodman and Spilotro, 1980
cullotta-bertha_5-16-cropped.jpg
Photo by Geoff Schumacher
Crime and time: former mobster Frank Cullotta
Our next tour stop was a store on Sahara Avenue a few blocks east of Las Vegas Boulevard. This was the place where the Hole in the Wall Gang met its demise.
In 1981, the store was called Bertha’s Gifts and Home Furnishings. Cullotta says the crew had cased the store for years and believed the vault contained $1.5 million in cash and jewelry. They decided to avoid the alarm by climbing on the roof and drilling down into the vault.
The plan was kept close to the vest among the burglars, but one of them told an associate named Sal Romano about it. Cullotta says he didn’t trust Romano, whom he suspected was working with the FBI. He told Spilotro about his concerns, but Spilotro wasn’t worried. “He was punch drunk, Tony was,” Cullotta says.
On the night of July 4, 1981, the burglars climbed onto the roof. Cullotta was watching from his car idling on Sahara. FBI agents and Metro Police officers, hiding all around the store, waited until the burglars drilled into the building before they closed in. “I says, ‘It’s all over,’” Cullotta recalls.
Just as Cullotta had suspected, Romano had become a government informant a few months before the Bertha’s burglary.
Dennis Arnoldy is a retired FBI agent who participated in busting the Bertha’s burglars. He remembers how it all went down: “We came up over the back building. We hid behind these air conditioners that were as loud as hell. I got the word to go forward when they had broken through the roof. That was the completion of the burglary charge. We arrested them on the roof.”
Relations soured between Spilotro and Cullotta after Bertha’s. Cullotta became worried that Spilotro, his childhood friend, was planning to have him killed. Then FBI agents in Chicago heard that the Outfit had put out a contract on Cullotta. When they told Cullotta this, it confirmed his worst fears, and he switched sides.
Although Spilotro was an intense, murderous gangster, he also was one of the few of his ilk who attempted to put down roots in Las Vegas, to engage with the community beyond the Strip. And since for much of his time in Las Vegas he was banned from the casinos, he often was seen around town, coexisting with regular people on multiple levels.
Besides Upper Crust Pizzeria and My Place Lounge, Spilotro was a frequent visitor to restaurants such as Port Tack on West Sahara Avenue and Villa d’Este on Convention Center Drive, bars such as Champagnes Café on Maryland Parkway and discos such as Jubilation on Harmon Avenue. He also found time for family activities, such as watching his son’s Little League games. One night at Villa d’Este, he raised a healthy cash donation for a busload of nuns.
In his memoir, longtime casino host Bernie Sindler tells a touching Spilotro story. Muriel Rothkopf, wife of Desert Inn executive Bernie Rothkopf, was a lush and a lounge lizard. One night at the Chateau Vegas, a popular bar on Desert Inn Road, she got loaded with a guy at the bar and woke up the next morning lacking her $100,000 diamond ring. “She was devastated,” Sindler writes, “and very afraid of what Bernie would do if he found out about her escapade.”
Muriel went to Sindler for help. He contacted a wiseguy named Tony Domino, who in turn contacted Spilotro. Spilotro distributed a description of the ring throughout his criminal network and soon had a line on where it was. Employing some hardball tactics, Spilotro’s henchmen recovered the ring, and Tony presented it to the eternally grateful Muriel.
When you look at mob history objectively, with emotional distance, free of that intangible relish, you start to ask questions. Why do these particular criminals get so much attention? Why are their crimes remembered when so many others are long forgotten? What does it say about us that we’re endlessly fascinated with the mob?
“You feel like you’re looking at this tapestry that never ends,” says Tony DeStefano, a New York journalist and author of several mob histories. “You see how everything relates to everything else that came before it. And there’s lots of drama to it, lots of betrayal, some very Shakespearean-type stories.”
Thirty years after his death, Tony Spilotro remains practically a household name in Las Vegas. This would be true even if Joe Pesci had not portrayed him in Casino. A lifelong criminal and a vicious killer who was involved in a scheme that took millions of dollars out of community tax coffers, Spilotro nonetheless maintains a central role in the oft-repeated reflection that Las Vegas was a better, safer place when the mob was in charge.
Spilotro looked and acted the part. With his charismatic, tough-talking lawyer by his side, he went toe-to-toe with the powers that be, and he won more often than he lost. Authorities suspected Spilotro of participating in as many as two dozen murders, yet he was never convicted of homicide.
Whenever somebody turned up dead in Las Vegas, investigators immediately suspected Spilotro. A Las Vegas Review-Journal editorial once ridiculed this cavalier approach as “Blame Tony Syndrome.” In 1975, Caesars Palace pit boss Marty Buccieri was murdered. Spilotro was the prime suspect, but it turned out two guys from out of town did the deed. The fact that Buccieri was shot with a .25-caliber handgun, rather than Spilotro’s trademark .22, was a telling piece of evidence. Of course, Spilotro still could have done it or hired the guys who did.
Some Las Vegans admired Spilotro’s defiance of the feds, who’ve often had a difficult time looking like the good guys in Las Vegas. Goodman, Spilotro’s lawyer, once said he’d rather his daughter date Spilotro than an FBI agent. Goodman’s hyperbole reflected an attitude in some circles at the time that the feds were overzealous in Las Vegas.
Arnoldy looks back on his years chasing Spilotro as the best of his life. But he doesn’t glamorize the era or the hoodlums who dominated the headlines. “On the outside it may have looked good, but inside it was a cancerous thing,” he says.
The skim, after all, was not a victimless crime. “Our tax money was going to Kansas City and Chicago,” Arnoldy says. “It was a drain on taxes.” Also, the fact that the Outfit had hijacked the Stardust from its owner, Allen Glick, created “a wariness to invest in the hotels in Las Vegas because you don’t want to put a lot of money into something and one day a guy knocks on your door and says, ‘I own this now.’”
With that in mind, it’s perhaps no coincidence that just three years after Spilotro’s death, the most expensive Las Vegas resort in history to that point opened its doors, triggering a building boom that completely reinvented the Strip and the surrounding community. Nicholas Pileggi, in his book Casino, argues that a Tony Spilotro could not exist in today’s Las Vegas.
“Today in Las Vegas the men in fedoras are gone,” he writes. “The gamblers with no last names and suitcases filled with cash are reluctant to show up in the new Las Vegas for fear of being turned in to the IRS by a 25-year-old hotel-school graduate working casino credit on weekends.”
Perhaps this helps to explain why, three decades after Tony Spilotro’s death, the public remains as interested as ever in his story. We pine for a past when Las Vegas was smaller and simpler, when a slot jackpot sent coins streaming out of the machine, when there was no texting while driving — when a small shopping plaza at Maryland and Flamingo was the community’s focus of attention.
One cannot write about Tony Spilotro without mentioning his darkest claim to fame. In 1962 in Chicago, two young crooks, Billy McCarthy and Jimmy Miraglia, killed two connected men and a waitress in the Chicago suburb of Elmwood Park. This was a big mistake, because the Outfit’s top leaders lived there and didn’t want to make any waves that might draw police to their doorsteps. Spilotro was assigned to deal with the situation.
With Cullotta’s help, Spilotro found McCarthy, but he couldn’t locate Miraglia, and McCarthy didn’t want to talk. So Spilotro put his head in a vise and started squeezing. He tightened the pressure each time McCarthy failed to give up his partner’s whereabouts. When one of McCarthy’s eyes popped out of its socket, he finally told Spilotro where to find Miraglia. Then Spilotro slit the burglar’s throat. Spilotro tracked down Miraglia the next day and slit his throat as well. The victims were later discovered in the trunk of an abandoned car.
This is the sobering story one needs to repeat on those occasions when a local nostalgist remembers Spilotro as a polite, church-going fellow who liked to watch his son’s Little League games.
What is the Outfit?
In Chicago, the mob is called the Outfit. It’s not the Mafia or the Syndicate or the Combination. If you pay even passing attention to mob history and legend, when you see the phrase “the Outfit,” you know it’s a reference to traditional organized crime in Chicago.
The Outfit boasts the most notorious lineup of bosses, racketeers and killers in American mob history. It all started with Big Jim Colosimo, who built a prostitution empire before he was knocked off in 1920 to make way for his clever nephew, Johnny Torrio. Thanks to Prohibition, Torrio made the Outfit bigger and richer than Big Jim could have imagined.
In 1925, bootlegging rivals tried to take out Torrio with gunshots, kicks and baton blows. He survived, but the experience got him thinking about retirement. He handed the reins to his tough young disciple, Al Capone.
You know ol’ Snorky — “Scarface” in the papers — the most famous mobster of all time. He ramped up everything, including the violence, making the Outfit the most powerful mob in the country. Most of Chicago’s cops and politicians were on Capone’s payroll, giving him the idea he was invincible.
The feds, however, were untouchable — at least some of them were. While the Prohibition Bureau’s Eliot Ness annoyed Capone by busting his illicit breweries, the Treasury Department’s Elmer Irey assigned his Intelligence Unit to build a tax case against the Big Guy. In 1931, Capone’s epic run ended with a conviction and an 11-year prison sentence.
Capone was suddenly out of the picture, but the Outfit prospered under a succession of bosses who kept a lower profile: Frank Nitti, Paul Ricca, Murray Humphreys, Tony Accardo. The Outfit actually grew larger and stronger after Capone, shifting its primary focus from bootlegging to gambling. “By 1934, Accardo was overseeing an empire that numbered more than 7,500 gambling establishments in Chicago alone,” writes Gus Russo in The Outfit. The Outfit’s run of success culminated with, arguably, its most audacious achievement — the election of a president in 1960.
The Outfit has existed for almost 100 years now. Today, it’s a shadow of its former self — depleted by relentless law-enforcement pressure — but it’s still working various rackets around Chicago.
Calabrese Jr., Frank with Keith and Kent Zimmerman and Paul Pompian. Operation Family Secrets: How a Mobster’s Son and the FBI Brought Down Chicago’s Murderous Crime Family (2011)
Griffin, Dennis N. The Battle for Las Vegas: The Law vs. the Mob (2006)
Pileggi, Nicholas. Casino: Love and Honor in Las Vegas (1995)
Roemer Jr., William F. The Enforcer: Spilotro: The Chicago Mob’s Man Over Las Vegas ( 1994)
Russo, Gus. The Outfit: The Role of Chicago’s Underworld in the Shaping of Modern America (2001)
Smith, John L. Of Rats and Men: Oscar Goodman’s Life from Mob Mouthpiece to Mayor of Las Vegas (2003)
Geoff Schumacher is the director of content for the Mob Museum and the author of Sun, Sin & Suburbia: The History of Modern Las Vegas.
tony spilotro
Former Mobster Frank Cullotta
Life in the Mob
Outlaw Motorcycle Gangs And Capone's Gun Featured At The Mob Museum
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Lithuania’s new president, a former bank analyst, sworn in
VILNIUS, Lithuania (AP) — A former bank analyst has been sworn in as Lithuania’s new president, taking the helm of the Baltic nation of 3 million.
Gitanas Nauseda, 55, who won the May presidential election, arrived Friday at Lithuania’s Parliament with his family in a pomp-filled ceremony.
Nauseda, who will travel to neighboring Poland for his first foreign trip, said “we must not forget that freedom and independence is not a gift, those must be won and protected.”
During the presidential campaign, Nauseda said he won’t go to Moscow unless Russia withdraws from Crimea, which it annexed from Ukraine in 2014. The move sparked fears that other former Soviet republics, including Lithuania, could be Moscow’s next acquisitions.
He took over from Dalia Grybauskaite, who served for 10 years and called Russia “a terrorist state.”
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Tidal Waves Music
Africa (reissue) (limited 180 gram vinyl 2xLP with obi-strip)
Cat: TWM 25. Rel: 24 Apr 19
You've Got To Have Freedom (10:02)
Naima (5:18)
Origin (6:54)
Speak Low (8:09)
After The Morning (6:30)
Africa (8:27)
Heart To Heart (7:20)
Duo (4:36)
Review: Although "Africa" is not one of the harder Pharoah Sanders albums to find on vinyl, jazz heads have long complained about the sound quality of the original single-vinyl edition of the 1987 album. It's for this reason that this Tidal Waves Music reissue, which stretches the set across two slabs of wax and adds two previously CD-only tracks ("Heart To Heart" and "Duo"), will simply fly off the shelves. That and the fact that it remains a superb album: a bright, breezy, contemporary jazz masterpiece that sees the legendary saxophonist accompanied by drummer Idris Muhammad, pianist John Hicks and bassist Curtis Lundy. Highlights include the arguably definitive version of Sanders' classic "You've Got To Have Freedom" and a superb update of John Coltrane standard "Naima".
Release Title: africa (reissue)
africa (reissue)
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Shootings in Las Vegas bring out red herrings
TOPICS:crime controlgun controlgunshomicideLas Vegas killingsLiberal Party of CanadaLiberalsmurdervictims
Public Safety Minister Ralph Goodale calls for more gun controls
Posted By: bcwfpaa October 28, 2017
The horrific shootings in Las Vegas have attracted excited calls for more gun control in Canada as well as the United States. Most are just red herrings.
Murder sprees draw gun-control “experts” like a wounded squirrel on the road attracts hungry crows. Progressive politicians can’t resist the opportunity to accuse “easy access to guns” for the atrocity. This is code for blaming the acts of a homicidal maniac on normal people who own guns. As usual, the liberals claim that banning some object du jour will protect the public. Apparently, “bump stocks” (or even semi-automatic rifles) are the focus of legislation.
As Rahm Emanuel, former Chief of Staff in the Obama White House, once said, “You never want to let a serious crisis go to waste.”
In their rush to exploit the atrocity, celebrities and anti-gun activists, in the US and Canada, ignore real heroes and use the bloodied victims as props for their claims that more and tighter gun restrictions on peaceable civilians are needed to protect the public. Unfortunately, too many politicians are easily gulled by red herrings. Bans on bump-stocks or semi-automatic firearms are merely feel-good measures, knee-jerk reactions that cannot solve complex social problems. More effective steps, such as increasing funding for researching the dangerous side effects of the prescription drugs suspected of causing violent behavior would be more worthwhile, but would not satisfy the politicians’ need to be seen do something, anything (and especially soon enough to match the news cycle). Nor would it ever satisfy anti-gun activists, typically Democrats in the US and federal Liberals in Canada, or any other gun-banning political party that feeds on public shootings.
Could any of the current gun control proposals have stopped the Las Vegas killer?
Knee-jerk reactions rarely result in wise decisions. Unsurprisingly, gun control proposals made in the wake of a heart-rending event like the Las Vegas shootings are not likely to be practicable. Banning bump stocks or even semi-automatic firearms may sound appealing, but such bans would not reduce gun violence or stop terrorists. Similar unworkable proposals are regularly trotted out after every heavily publicized shooting, and have been for decades.
Even US Senator Diane Feinstein, who is widely known for her support for gun control, admitted that none of the gun controls currently being proposed would have stopped the Las Vegas shooter from obtaining weapons. The shooter passed several background checks, because he had no violent criminal record and no medical history of mental illness. American law (as well as Canadian) already prohibits people with violent criminal records or serious mental problems from purchasing (or possessing) firearms. The killer used common semi-automatic rifles, not fully automatic firearms. Semi-automatic (also known as “self-loading”) means that each trigger-pull fires a single shot. Fully-automatic means that the firearm continues firing after the trigger is pulled until it is released.
Nevertheless, Senator Feinstein and other politicians support banning bump stocks so that they may be seen to be doing something. Even during the Obama presidency, the bump stock was not considered as an automatic weapon, nor to be exceptionally dangerous. Semi-automatic firearms are no more dangerous than any other kind and are widespread in both the US and Canada. Rifles of all kinds (including semi-automatic) are used in fewer than 7% of murders in Canada and 2% of murders in the United States.
How do the Las Vegas killings compare with other murderous rampages?
The Las Vegas murders (58 people were killed and 489 wounded) was the largest shooting spree in the United States but not the deadliest mass murder.
Unfortunately, firearms are not the only way to kill large numbers of people. A few notable examples: on 11 September 2001, terrorists used box cutters to hijack airplanes killing 2,977 people. In 1995, Timothy McVeigh parked a truck bomb under the day-care center in the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building in Oklahoma City, killing 168 and injuring another 680 people.
The US is not unique in large scale murders. Europe has more multi-person killings than the US per capita. In 2015, both bombs and shootings were used to kill 130 people in France. Last year, a Muslim terrorist killed 86 people and wounded another 458 with a truck in Nice, France. Nor is Canada immune. The largest mass murder in Canada was an arson attack in the Blue Bird Café in Montreal in 1972 which killed 37 people. Terror attacks are not limited to Europe or North America. In October 2017, a truck bomb in Somalia killed 231, injuring more than 275 people; the al-Qaida-linked al-Shabab extremist group was blamed for the attack.
Who owns guns in the United States and Canada?
About one quarter of households in Canada have one or more guns, and around 40% of households in the US have one or more guns, according to survey estimates. Hunting is an important reason for owning firearms in both countries; protection is also widely reported as a prime reason in the US but not in Canada.
People who own their firearms legally are much less likely to be murderous than are other Canadians. A Special Request I submitted to Statistics Canada found that licensed gun owners had a homicide rate of 0.60 per 100,000 licensed gun owners over the 16-year period (1997-2012). Over the same period, the average national homicide rate (including gun owners) was 1.81 per 100,000 people.
Do more guns mean more or fewer murders?
Mass shootings are not the best window for understanding gun violence. Murders involving three or more victims (with firearms or not) account for fewer than 1% of murders in the US.
Most murders in the US and in Canada involve criminals shooting other criminals. Most (70% to 80%) firearms used in murder in the US are possessed illegally, and almost all (95%) firearms used in Canadian homicides were possessed illegally. According to the Bureau of Justice Statistics, 67% of murderers in the US had a criminal record, with most of their arrests being for violent crimes. Homicide victims frequently had a criminal record as well. Similarly, Statistics Canada reports that nearly two-thirds of those accused of homicide had a criminal record, as did 50% of victims. In 2015, about half (44%) of all homicides in Canada committed with a firearm were gang-related.
According to the recent Pew survey, 40% of US households legally own one or more firearms. In rural areas, 58% of households have guns, 41% small towns, and just 29% in urban areas. With respect to race, 49% of white Americans say either they have a gun in their household, compared with 32% of African-Americans. Homicide rates, according to the FBI, vary from 3.4 per 100,000 in smaller towns (where there are more legal guns) to 10 per 100,000 population in large urban areas (where there are fewer legal guns).
In an effort to control violent crime, some jurisdictions, such as Chicago, have not only banned popular semi-automatic rifles, but have also made handguns virtually impossible to carry outside one’s residence as well. Nevertheless, Chicago has one of the highest murder rates in the US (mostly with handguns). In 2016, there were 765 murders in Chicago. Similar murder statistics can found in other big American cities, such as Philadelphia, Baltimore, New Orleans, St. Louis, and Los Angeles. But these murders don’t make headlines.
Is the Government Santa Claus?
Trudeau’s proposed gun ban
Defending responsible firearms owners
Senator Dean twists statistics
1 Comment on "Shootings in Las Vegas bring out red herrings"
Doug Lorenzen | October 28, 2017 at 9:16 pm | Reply
I believe a study on the correlation between Canada’s immigration policies and violent crime would be worth while.
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Hey Kids, There's More To Life Than Being Famous: The Rise Of The Celebrity Children's Show
Hortense Smith
Filed to: Fame GamesFiled to: Fame Games
Fame Games
children's television
If there's one pop-cultural shift that will most likely be studied long after this decade ends, it is the public shift from viewing fame as a strange sort of entertainment to viewing fame as a legitimate career path.
Everyone is famous; all it takes is one viral video or dumb reality show or talent contest to project an unknown into the weird realm of celebrity, where every move they make is documented and fawned over (or ripped apart) until the public tires of them and moves on to something else. In a way, this has always been the case for celebrity, in terms of having unknowns suddenly become the "next big thing," but the instant access to millions via the internet has enabled everyone to take a shot at becoming a star, regardless of their location, age, or talent level, and the "next big thing" has seen his or her 15 minutes shrink down to approximately 2.8 seconds. Unless, of course, you're Heidi Montag and Spencer Pratt, who will never disappear, because the universe just likes to fuck with us sometimes.
In a world where everyone is a star, it's not surprising that children are looking at fame not as a one-in-a-million shot, but as a right and an inevitability. Kids are always dreaming of the far-fetched, but as Denise Martin of the Los Angeles Times points out, selling the concept of celebrity to kids has become a full-blown business, with children's television shows increasingly focusing on the life of tween celebrities. Martin notes that selling celebrity fantasies to kids is nothing new, "but the genre is stronger than ever now and more fixated on the perks of the glamorous Hollywood lifestyle as Nickelodeon and the Disney Channel compete for the youngest audiences."
Martin interviews several producers, directors, and execs involved in the celebrity kid show genre, and all of them seem to have a "well, it's what the kids want" kind of attitude that completely dismisses the notion that perhaps kids want to watch shows about insta-celebs and famous tweens because it's been shoved down their throat since birth. "If there is anything I've learned about kids today — and I'm not saying this is good or bad — it's that they all want to be stars," iCarly' Dan Schneider tells Martin, "I'm not saying it wouldn't be nice if more of them wanted to be teachers and social workers; it would be. But at least in 'Victorious,' you see a world where they're all working on the talent part."
I don't think anybody expects Nickelodeon or the Disney Channel to put out a television show about a young girl who dreams of being a social worker, but the main issue I have with the celebrity kid genre is that it's so, so boring. It's SO boring! Granted, I'm 28 years old and not the target demographic, but it seems like every show is centered around a singer, or a fashion designer, or an actress who has to deal with the pressures of fame. Where are the Pete & Petes of this generation? The Clarissas? The Hey, Dudes? The shows that are capable of capturing kids' attention and pushing positive themes without drowning the messages in sparkles and plot lines about going on tour or what a drag it is to be famous? Where are the shows about real kids in real situations? Will somebody please think of the children?!
"Every kid thinks they're five minutes away and one lucky circumstance from being famous," Nickelodeon's Marjorie Cohn tells Martin, "We've always responded to what's out there in the cultural zeitgeist and spin it Nickelodeon style." It's too bad that nobody is bothering to take the reins and perhaps change the way kids look at life. It's not that I think kids are idiots and can't just enjoy fantasy programs for what they are, but when the adults of society are also buying in to the insta-celebrity crap, it may be harder for kids to separate reality from fiction. Being famous isn't everything, no matter what the television tells you. If only Clarissa were still around to explain it all.
Child's Play [LATimes]
Recent from Hortense Smith
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Sunday Night Wrap-Up
So Long, Farewell, Let's All Go Have Some Cake
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Vol3.2
Between local pride and national ambition: The “Amsterdam Museum” of the Royal Dutch Antiquarian Society and the new Rijksmuseum
by Reneé Kistemaker
Article Citation
Article Author
Starting in the 1830’s, city history museums were founded in the Netherlands. Amsterdam was late: the first Amsterdam Historical Museum opened only in 1926. A short lived predecessor was the Amsterdamsch Museum van het Koninklijk Oudheidkundig Genootschap (Amsterdam Museumof the Royal Dutch Antiquarian Society)(January – June 1877), founded after the closing of a large scale exhibition on the history of Amsterdam in 1876. The exhibition displayed many works of art and history from the rich collections of the city of Amsterdam. Large parts of these had been given on long term loan to the State, to be placed in the new building for the Rijksmuseum that opened in 1885. The article describes the tensions that arose between those who saw the conservation and presentation of the city’s art and historical collections as a matter of local pride and those whose goal for these objects was placement in a context that furthered national ambitions, namely the Rijksmuseum.
DOI: 10.5092/jhna.2011.3.2.4
In November 1892, the well-known French poet Paul Verlaine traveled to the Netherlands at the invitation of the board of the literary and art magazine De Nieuwe Gids (The New Guide). During his two-week stay, he visited The Hague and Amsterdam, delivered several lectures, and, of course, admired the highlights of the two cities, such as the new Rijksmuseum on the Stadhouderskade, which had opened with much fanfare in July 1885 (fig. 1). Verlaine found the Paintings Gallery impressive, but upon leaving the building he was shocked. Here he encountered the wooden seventeenth-century sculpture group David, Goliath and His Shield-bearer, which originally had come from an Amsterdam maze (fig. 2). Owing to the sheer size of the giant (almost five meters tall), the group was displayed just inside the east entrance, where Goliath’s head practically touched the vaults. Verlaine found the group “slightly mad, not in the right place, it would have been better in the municipal Amsterdam Museum for civic antiquities.”1
Johannes Hilverdink, View of the Rijksmuseum from the Weteringschans, 1885, Amsterdam Museum
Fig. 1 Johannes Hilverdink, View of the Rijksmuseum from the Weteringschans, 1885, oil on canvas, 66 x 106 cm. Amsterdam Museum, Amsterdam, inv. no. SA 882 (Artwork in the public domain; photograph provided by Amsterdam Museum).
Attributed to Albert Jansz.Vinckenbrinck, David, Goliath and His Shield-bearer, 1648–50, Amsterdam Museum
Fig. 2 Attributed to Albert Jansz.Vinckenbrinck, David, Goliath and His Shield-bearer, 1648–50, wood and various materials, h. 486 cm, 264 cm, and 112 cm. Amsterdam Museum, Amsterdam, inv. no. BA 2435 (Artwork in the public domain; photograph provided by Amsterdam Museum).
The capital city had no such institution. But an observant visitor to the new Rijksmuseum could have imagined how some of the holdings of the new facility might have been at home in a museum of Amsterdam’s art and history. Appropriate examples could be found on the ground floor. In the same space as the remarkable David and Goliath sculpture group (the property of the city of Amsterdam since 1862), the visitor could admire other objects on loan from the municipal collections, such as models of one of the former city gates and of the Amsterdam stock exchange (fig. 3). Moreover, a beautiful collection of arms and armor from the city’s former Wapenkamer (Cabinet of Arms) were also available for viewing at the left side of the Rijksmuseum’s spacious inner court (fig. 4). Another highlight, elsewhere in the ground-floor exhibition rooms, was a showcase with silver and glass objects that had once belonged to the different militia guilds, various municipal organizations, and the city government (fig. 5 and fig. 6). Forming part of the so-called Treasury Room, the showcase was the proud centerpiece of the Nederlandsch Museum van Geschiedenis en Kunst (Netherlands Museum of History and Art), which occupied most of the ground floor of the new Rijksmuseum.2 Until 1887/88, these objects, like several others elsewhere on the ground floor, had formed part of the Rariteiten Kamer (Curiosities Room) and Modellen Kamers (Model Rooms), the museum-like installations in the Town Hall of Amsterdam.
C. Rauws, Model of the Muiderpoort, Amsterdam Museum
Fig. 3 C. Rauws, Model of the Muiderpoort, wood, paint, and metals, 151 x 115 x 80.5 cm. Amsterdam Museum, Amsterdam, inv. no. KA 7477 (Artwork in the public domain; photograph provided by Amsterdam Museum).
S. Herz (publisher), Eastern Inner Court of the Rijksmuseum with Arms, ca. 1885, Amsterdam City Archives
Fig. 4 S. Herz (publisher), Eastern Inner Court of the Rijksmuseum with Arms from the Cabinet of Arms in the Amsterdam Town Hall, ca. 1885, stereo photograph. Amsterdam City Archives, Amsterdam, 010007000826 (Artwork in the public domain; photograph provided by Amsterdam City Archives).
Unknown artist, Chain of the Saint Joris Guild, 1510–30, Amsterdam Museum
Fig. 5 Unknown artist, Chain of the Saint Joris Guild, 1510–30, silver, diameter 37.5 cm. Amsterdam Museum, Amsterdam, inv. no. KA 13963 (Artwork in the public domain; photograph provided by Amsterdam Museum).
Unknown artist, Rummer on the Occasion of the Inauguration of th, 1655, Amsterdam Museum
Fig. 6 Unknown artist, Rummer on the Occasion of the Inauguration of the New Town Hall, 1655, glass, h. 23.7 (goblet: diameter 13.5; mouth: diameter 11.5; foot: diameter 9.3 cm). Amsterdam Museum, Amsterdam, inv. no. KA 13952 (Artwork in the public domain; photograph provided by Amsterdam Museum).
On the top floor, in the Paintings Gallery, over 160 canvases and panels owned by the city, including Rembrandt’s Nightwatch and his Syndics of the Cloth Guild (Staalmeesters), as well as numerous other works depicting civic guards and regents (fig. 7), formed an integral part of the nationalcollections. Moreover, in the Museum Van der Hoop, over 200 paintings belonging to the city were on display in two separate rooms within the Paintings Gallery, most of them from the seventeenth century. These included such famous works as Rembrandt’s Jewish Bride and Vermeer’s Woman Reading a Letter (fig. 8).
Douwes Brothers (publisher), Eregalerij (Gallery of Honor) in the Rijksmuseum, ca. 1885, Amsterdam City Archives
Fig. 7 Douwes Brothers (publisher), Eregalerij (Gallery of Honor) in the Rijksmuseum, ca. 1885, photograph. Amsterdam City Archives, Amsterdam, 010005000819 (Artwork in the public domain; photograph provided by Amsterdam City Archives).
Unknown photographer, The Museum Van der Hoop Gallery in the Rijksmuse, ca. 1885–90, Amsterdam City Archives
Fig. 8 Unknown photographer, The Museum Van der Hoop Gallery in the Rijksmuseum, ca. 1885–90, photograph. Amsterdam City Archives, Amsterdam, 010003001133 (Artwork in the public domain; photograph provided by Amsterdam City Archives).
In this article, I will address why, at the time of Verlaine’s visit, unlike several other cities in the Netherlands, Amsterdam had not established a municipal museum of art and history. Two official city council agreements lie at the root of this lack, one in 1873, the other in 1880. In these documents, the city council agreed to transfer to the state the greater part of the municipal art collections and an important part of the historical collections. These collections were to be placed on long-term loan to the new Rijksmuseum. But how should these agreements be interpreted? Did the city council envision the Rijksmuseum as a sort of municipal museum of art and history centered on the capital city or did they entertain no such ambition for a museum on the local level?
What seems certain from an examination of the events leading up to the establishment of the new Rijksmuseum, though, is the existence of a certain tension in Amsterdam between local pride in the city’s art, antiquarian, and historical collections and the ambition to give these a national dimension in the Rijksmuseum. The scope of this article does not permit me to develop the subject fully,3 but I do want to exemplify this ambivalence by exploring the fortunes of the Amsterdamsch Museum van het Koninklijk Oudheidkundig Genootschap, or K.O.G. (Amsterdam Museumof the Royal Dutch Antiquarian Society), from late January to early June 1877. In many ways, this museum can be considered the forerunner of the Amsterdam Historical Museum that opened in its present location in 1975.4
The Amsterdam Museum Landscape in the Later Nineteenth Century
In order to gain a better understanding of the museological setting in which the Amsterdam Museum of the K.O.G. opened in January 1877, we must understand the character of the city’s museum landscape in the third quarter of the nineteenth century. Besides the Museum Fodor, a municipal museum of contemporary (that is, nineteenth-century) art, the city counted three museums that emphasized seventeenth-century and early eighteenth-century paintings and prints. These were the Museum Van der Hoop, the oldest municipal museum (opened in 1855), the Rijksmuseum of Paintings, and the Rijksprentenkabinet (National Print Room), the latter two were housed together after 1817 in the Trippenhuis on the Kloveniersburgwal. In the first of these, the Van der Hoop Museum, a high-quality collection of paintings was displayed in two rooms of the former Oudemannenhuis (Old Men’s Home), an early seventeenth-century building. Until 1870, the museum shared premises with the Royal Academy of Arts. Moreover, every three years, a temporary exhibition of contemporary art titled Levende Meesters (Living Masters) was organized in these premises. Other parts of the Oudemannenhuis were used as an annex for the nearby hospital.5 The situation in the Trippenhuis was complicated as well. Here the Rijksmuseum had to share the building with the Royal Academy of Sciences. This led to a continuing lack of space that was irritating to both parties (fig. 9 and fig. 10).6 Since the two museums were within walking distance of each other, many tourists made a combined visit. A few people also visited the nearby Town Hall, which was home to important and interesting municipal collections, including over 130 paintings and many applied-art and historical items.7 Since 1852, the city archivist, who reported to the burgomaster and the aldermen of Amsterdam, had borne responsibility for these collections.8 The large paintings collection, which included many works of high quality, was scattered in halls, galleries, rooms, and little corners of the building, such as the Council Chamber (fig. 11). Several of them hung on the walls of the Cabinet of Curiosities, the Cabinet of Arms, and the Models rooms. Although these rooms were open during special hours for visitors, access to them was difficult (fig. 12 and fig. 13).9
Paulus Lauters (lithographer), Desguerrois and Co. (lithographer and publisher), The Museum in the Trippenhuis, ca. 1850–60, Amsterdam City Archives
Fig. 9 Paulus Lauters (lithographer), Desguerrois and Co. (lithographer and publisher), The Museum in the Trippenhuis, ca. 1850–60, lithograph, 213 x 273 mm. Amsterdam City Archives, Amsterdam, 010097002744 (Artwork in the public domain; photograph provided by Amsterdam City Archives).
Unknown photographer, The Rembrandt Room of the Rijksmuseum in the Tri, ca. 1880, Amsterdam City Archives
Fig. 10 Unknown photographer, The Rembrandt Room of the Rijksmuseum in the Trippenhuis, ca. 1880, photograph. Amsterdam City Archives, Amsterdam, 010003000526 (Artwork in the public domain; photograph provided by Amsterdam City Archives).
Willem Hekking Jr., Interior of the Amsterdam Council Chamber, 1869–96, Amsterdam City Archives
Fig. 11 Willem Hekking Jr., Interior of the Amsterdam Council Chamber, 1869–96, pencil, brush in gray, 123 x 174 mm. Amsterdam City Archives, Amsterdam, 010097006007 (Artwork in the public domain; photograph provided by Amsterdam City Archives).
Johannes M. A. Rieke, The Second Models Room in the Town Hall in the P, 1870–88, Amsterdam City Archives
Fig. 12 Johannes M. A. Rieke, The Second Models Room in the Town Hall in the Prinsenhof, 1870–88, pencil, pen, brush in gray, 267 x 368 mm. Amsterdam City Archives, Amsterdam, 010097010071 (Artwork in the public domain; photograph provided by Amsterdam City Archives).
Johannes M. A. Rieke, The Cabinet of Curiosities in the Town Hall in t, 1875–1900, Amsterdam City Archives
Fig. 13 Johannes M. A. Rieke, The Cabinet of Curiosities in the Town Hall in the Prinsenhof, 1875–1900, pencil, pen, gray and white, 268 x 367 mm. Amsterdam City Archives, Amsterdam, 010097010072 (Artwork in the public domain; photograph provided by Amsterdam City Archives).
Because of the tight and sometimes even unsafe conditions within both the Trippenhuis and the Town Hall, several initiatives were taken in the 1850s and 1860s to bring the state and city collections together in a new Rijksmuseum, but these endeavors foundered because of the lack of financial resources.10 Owing to shifts in the economy and the political environment, on both the national and local level, chances for serious planning improved in the years 1872–73. On the recommendation of the burgomaster and aldermen, dated June 27, 1873, the Amsterdam city council decided to make land available the next month for the building of a new Rijksmuseum somewhere on the south western outskirts of the city.
Moreover, the city promised a significant financial contribution and guaranteed to make most of the municipal paintings available on loan.11 This was a very important step. Indirectly, it also implied that the city had no interest in founding a municipal museum of Amsterdam history and art. By contrast, Gouda established just such a municipal museum in 1872 based on an extensive historical exhibition celebrating Gouda’s 600th anniversary the same year. The exhibition’s organizers reasoned that it would be regrettable to return all those antiquities, paintings, and historical objects back to the corners in which they had been hidden so long.12
Fig. 14 Catalogue of the Historical Exhibition of 1876, 1876, Amsterdam Museum, Amsterdam, inv. no. LA 958 (Artwork in the public domain; photograph provided by Amsterdam Museum).
Nevertheless, in Amsterdam, too, pride in the city’s history was hardly lacking. Preparations for a historical exhibition commemorating the city’s 600th anniversary in 1875 generated enormous enthusiasm. A group of fifty-three commissioners, mainly prominent citizens, succeeded in persuading friends, acquaintances, and the city council to lend items from their collections. The result was striking, both quantitatively and qualitatively. For weeks, huge numbers of paintings, furniture, models, fragments of buildings, and many other objects made their way to the Oudemannenhuis, where the organizers engaged in a careful selection of objects.13 Visitors to the exhibition, which was opened in the summer of 1876 and lasted until October 15, could view no less than 4,371 objects loaned from 257 people and organizations, all of which were listed in the catalogue (fig. 14).14 These donors included many private individuals, as well as such municipal entities as the Town Hall and a number of charitable institutions. The Town Hall’s contribution contained numerous paintings, among them Braspenningmaaltijd (Banquet of the Copper Coin) by Cornelis Anthonisz, Koppertjes Maandag (Dam Square with the Lepers’ Parade) by Adriaen van Nieulandt, and a fragment of The Adoration of the Shepherds by Pieter Aertsen (fig. 15, fig. 16, and fig. 17). Terracotta models–preliminary studies for the sculpture groups for the Town Hall on Dam Square by sculptor Artus Quellinus–could also be admired (fig. 18). For the first time, a large audience obtained access to the richness and variety of Amsterdam’s art and cultural-historical collections.
Cornelis Anthonisz, " Banquet of Seventeen Members of the Crossbowmen’s Civic Guard, known as The Braspenningmaaltijd (Banquet of the Copper Coin)"
Fig. 15 Cornelis Anthonisz, Banquet of Seventeen Members of the Crossbowmen’s Civic Guard, known as The Braspenningmaaltijd (Banquet of the Copper Coin), 1533, oil on panel, 130 x 206.5 cm. Amsterdam Museum, Amsterdam, inv. no. SA 7279 (Artwork in the public domain; photograph provided by Amsterdam Museum).
Adriaen van Nieulandt, Dam Square with the Lepers’ Parade of 1604 on , 1633, Amsterdam Museum
Fig. 16 Adriaen van Nieulandt, Dam Square with the Lepers’ Parade of 1604 on Coppers Monday (Koppertjes Maandag), 1633, oil on canvas, 212 x 308 cm. Amsterdam Museum, Amsterdam, inv. no. SA 3026 (Artwork in the public domain; photograph provided by Amsterdam Museum).
Pieter Aertsen, The Adoration of the Shepherds(Aanbidding der He, 1549–69, Amsterdam Museum
Fig. 17 Pieter Aertsen, The Adoration of the Shepherds (Aanbidding der Herders) (fragment), 1549–69, oil on panel, 89.8 x 59.2 cm. Amsterdam Museum, Amsterdam, inv. no. SA 7255 (Artwork in the public domain; photograph provided by Amsterdam Museum).
Artus Quellinus and his studio, Saturn, (including the wooden frame), 1650–64, Amsterdam Museum
Fig. 18 Artus Quellinus and his studio, Saturn, 1650–64, terracotta, coniferous wood, 90 x 49 cm (including the wooden frame). Amsterdam Museum, Amsterdam, inv. no. BA 2508 (Artwork in the public domain; photograph provided by Amsterdam Museum).
Pieter Oosterhuis, The Portrait Gallery of the Historical Exhibitio, 1876, Amsterdam City Archives
Fig. 19 Pieter Oosterhuis, The Portrait Gallery of the Historical Exhibition in 1876, 1876, photograph, ca. 17 x 12.5 cm. Amsterdam City Archives, Amsterdam, 010003003044 (Artwork in the public domain; photograph provided by Amsterdam City Archives).
Pieter Oosterhuis, The Eighteenth Century Period Room of the Histor, 1876, Amsterdam City Archives
Fig. 20 Pieter Oosterhuis, The Eighteenth Century Period Room of the Historical Exhibition of 1876, 1876, photograph, ca. 17 x 12.5 cm. Amsterdam City Archives, Amsterdam, 010003003087 (Artwork in the public domain; photograph provided by Amsterdam City Archives).
Designed by architect Pierre Cuypers, the History Exhibition had an extraordinary composition and layout. In contrast to earlier exhibitions on antiquities and fine arts in Amsterdam, history now became the focal point, with the objects functioning as illustrations of that story. Art, such as paintings and decorative artworks, formed an integral part of the history (fig. 19). Cuypers also furnished four period rooms–a kitchen, a bedroom, and living rooms from the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries (fig. 20). Such rooms were completely new for the Netherlands and attracted a lot of international interest as well. 15
The Koninklijk Oudheidkundig Genootschap in 1876
This successful exhibition takes us right to the middle of the prehistory of the Amsterdam Museum of the Koninklijk Oudheidkundig Genootschap (hereafter, K.O.G.). As in Gouda, many Amsterdammers found it intolerable to see everything returned to the lenders after the exhibition closed. But, in contrast to Gouda, the Amsterdam municipal government showed no intention of founding a museum of local history–a policy that was, of course, consistent with the obligations granted to the state in the 1873 agreement referred to above. The board of governors of the K.O.G. therefore took an important step toward organizing a museum for which they were fully responsible, the Amsterdam Museum, in the fall of 1876.
First some background is necessary. The national K.O.G., composed mainly of Amsterdam members, was founded in the capital city in 1858. The mission of the society was to promote and stimulate knowledge and understanding of antiquities on a national and local level. An important means to this end was the establishment of a national Museum van Vaderlandse Oudheden (Museum of Dutch Antiquities), following the example of such new museums abroad as the South Kensington Museum (the present-day Victoria and Albert Museum) in London. To this purpose, right from the beginning the K.O.G. initiated an active acquisition policy, which included obtaining, for example, the renowned Nassau Tunic in 1859 (fig. 21) When it turned out that the K.O.G. could not bring this museum to reality, they displayed and stored their acquisitions in various locations in Amsterdam. Finally, in November 1875, the K.O.G. was able to establish a museum of its own, which made the society’s collection of antiquities and some paintings from cities and regions all over the Netherlands much more publicly accessible. This K.O.G. museum was housed in the former premises of Gerard Heineken’s brewery on the Spuistraat, in the medieval center of the city. Indeed Gerard Heineken played an active and prominent role in the society (fig. 22).16 During the 1860s, the K.O.G. was also involved in the important initiatives undertaken for a new building for the Rijksmuseum mentioned above, where the society hoped to show its collections. Some members of the society’s board even held high positions at the Rijksmuseum.17
Unknown artist, The Nassau Tunic, ca. 1640, Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam
Fig. 21 Unknown artist, The Nassau Tunic, ca. 1640, linen, silk, metal thread, 86 x 125 cm. Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam, on loan from the K.O.G.,inv. no. NG-KOG-42 (Artwork in the public domain; photograph provided by Rijksmuseum).
Pieter Oosterhuis, Meeting Room in the K.O.G. Museum at Spuistraat , 1876–85, Amsterdam City Archives
Fig. 22 Pieter Oosterhuis, Meeting Room in the K.O.G. Museum at Spuistraat 135,1876–85, photograph. Amsterdam City Archives, Amsterdam, 010003001150 (Artwork in the public domain; photograph provided by Amsterdam City Archives).
Despite a national orientation at the time of its founding, the K.O.G. began to develop a greater focus on the art and history of Amsterdam from 1876 on. One reason was Victor E. L. de Stuers’s establishment, the year before,of the Netherlands Museum of History and Artin The Hague, an institution intended to function as a national museum of antiquities and historical objects–the very same mission as that of the K.O.G..18 Quite another reason had to do with a decision by the Amsterdam city council. In February and May 1876, the council explicitly assigned the K.O.G. the task of looking after those municipal “antique objects” kept in facilities other than the Amsterdam Town Hall. These included the terracotta models by Quellinus, which had been one of the highlights of the Historical Exhibition (fig. 23).19 For this purpose, the K.O.G. established a special commission on June 12 of the same year, to safeguard the objects of antiquarian value in the city. This commission included the K.O.G. curator Pierre Cuypers and former board member Johann Wilhelm Kaiser, who was director of the Rijksmuseum of Paintings at that time (fig. 24).20
Artus Quellinus and his studio, The Judgment of Solomon, 1650–64, Amsterdam Museum
Fig. 23 Artus Quellinus and his studio, The Judgment of Solomon, 1650–64, terracotta, 80.2 x 60.3 x 13 cm. Amsterdam Museum, Amsterdam, inv. no. BA 2517 (Artwork in the public domain; photograph provided by Amsterdam Museum).
Johann Wilhelm Kaiser, Self-Portrait, Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam
Fig. 24 Johann Wilhelm Kaiser, Self-Portrait, mezzotint, pencil, brush in gray, 216 x 173 mm. Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam, inv. no. RP-T-1999-11 (Artwork in the public domain; photograph provided by Rijksmuseum).
Partly owing to this city council assignment, during a meeting on September 26, 1876, the board of governors of the K.O.G. discussed at length what should happen after the Historical Exhibition in the Oudemannenhuis closed on October 15. The recently established commission, whose members were present as well, stated that it had already written a letter to the burgomaster requesting that as many as possible of the exhibits remain in the galleries. During the same meeting, Cuypers proposed to involve K.O.G. members Dirk Meijer Jr. and Adriaan de Vries in this special project, arguing this was necessary given the huge amount of work that lay ahead.21 A few days later, the board met with these two men in a special meeting, which representatives of the organizing commission of the Historical Exhibition also attended. There they discussed the arrangements for an “Amsterdamsch Museum” in the Oudemannenhuis, fully realizing that such a museum could not, alas, stay there for an indefinite period. The space was needed in the summer of 1877 for the triennial Levende Meesters exhibition.22
Unknown photographer, Dirk C. Meijer Jr. in His Studio at Vondelstraat, Amsterdam City Archives
Fig. 25 Unknown photographer, Dirk C. Meijer Jr. in His Studio at Vondelstraat 81 in Amsterdam, photograph. Amsterdam City Archives, Amsterdam, 010003017707 (Artwork in the public domain; photograph provided by Amsterdam City Archives).
Petrus J. Arendzen, Mr. Adriaan D. de Vries Azn., 1884, Amsterdam City Archives
Fig. 26 Petrus J. Arendzen, Mr. Adriaan D. de Vries Azn., 1884, engraving, 235 x 190 mm. Amsterdam City Archives, Amsterdam, 010097014738 (Artwork in the public domain; photograph provided by Amsterdam City Archives).
Real progress had thus been made during the fall of 1876. Dirk Meijer Jr. and Adriaan de Vries now constituted a special commission for the organization of the new museum. Wine merchant Meijer, an enthusiastic and well-known amateur collector of prints and drawings of Amsterdam, and the young Adriaan de Vries, just named deputy director of the Rijksprentenkabinet, were the perfect appointees (fig. 25 and fig. 26). Moreover, both had also been closely involved in the Historical Exhibition. So much enthusiasm ensued that on several occasions Meijer even proposed to set up a special Amsterdam section of the K.O.G..23
Pieter Oosterhuis, The Amsterdam Museum of the K.O.G., 1877, Amsterdam City Archives
Fig. 27 Pieter Oosterhuis, The Amsterdam Museum of the K.O.G., 1877, photograph. Amsterdam City Archives, Amsterdam, B00000032800 (Artwork in the public domain; photograph provided by Amsterdam City Archives).
Cornelis Troost, The Anatomical Lesson of Dr. William Roëll, 1728, Amsterdam Museum
Fig. 28 Cornelis Troost, The Anatomical Lesson of Dr. William Roëll, 1728, oil on canvas, 198 x 310 cm. Amsterdam Museum, Amsterdam, inv. no. SA 7412 (Artwork in the public domain; photograph provided by Amsterdam Museum).
On January 22, 1877, the Amsterdam Museum of the Royal Dutch Antiquarian Society (K.O.G.) was opened in the Oudemannenhuis as a sort of follow-up to the Historical Exhibition (fig. 27). It numbered 890 objects on loan from numerous private individuals, the city of Amsterdam, and various municipal institutions. The city and these other institutions contributed 146 paintings, as well as antiquarian and historical objects, especially destined for sections on the city’s militia, charitable institutions, and guilds. The first section contained 24 group portraits, as well as beautiful silver drinking horns, scepters, and chains that had belongedto the three militia associations. The section on the surgeons’ guilds contained seven anatomical group portraits, among which Cornelis Troost’s Anatomical Lesson of Professor W. Roëll must have made quite an impression (fig. 28).24 Many of these objects had formed part of the Historical Exhibition of 1876, but not all, for the city government had been very willing to give an extra special loan to the K.O.G.’s Amsterdam Museum. It is interesting to note that among the most generous private lenders could be counted several from the K.O.G., such as board members Meijer and de Vries.25 The reviews in the newspapers were full of praise and enthusiasm. In his speech during the opening ceremonies, a representative of the burgomaster and aldermen expressed pleasure at the city council’s involvement in the museum. But he also expressed the hope that the K.O.G.’s Amsterdam Museum would soon move to the grand, new Rijksmuseum.26
Uncertainty Caused by the Slow Progress of the New Rijksmuseum
At this point, it is important to address the new Rijksmuseum, in particular its planning process. Serious agreements had been drawn up in 1873; we have seen what Amsterdam decided in that year regarding the city’s painting collections. But, as with many big projects today, everything went slower than expected and progress and intentions were not always clear. When initial plans for the K.O.G.’s Amsterdam Museum appeared at the end of September 1876, the first piling for the new Rijksmuseum had not yet been driven. Architect Pierre Cuypers had only received the official building order for the Rijksmuseum in May of that same year. Moreover, not until the summer of 1880 was it clear which Amsterdam collections, apart from the municipal paintings already offered on loan in the agreement of 1873, would actually be housed in the new museum. This was true for the antiquarian and historical objects of the Cabinet of Curiosities, the Model Rooms, and the Cabinet of Arms in the Town Hall, and also for the paintings in the Museum Van der Hoop that were not included in the 1873 agreement. The first discussions about including these collections as well in the new Rijksmuseum started only in the early spring of 1878. Not until November 11, 1880, did the state and the city of Amsterdam officially establish the details of these loans.27
It is therefore not surprising that many art-loving Amsterdam citizens expressed uncertainty, both about the completion date for the new museum building and about the composition of its collections, that is, which objects would be coming from the city of Amsterdam (fig. 29). Who knows, they said, might some of the many art treasures and antiquarian objects in Amsterdam be lost before the new Rijksmuseum even opened? Foreigners such as Lord Ronald Gower, an English traveler who visited Amsterdam in 1875, also articulated that concern. During his tour of the collections in the Town Hall, Gower expressed his utter surprise that the city allowed beautiful paintings by Ferdinand Bol and Van der Helst to be hidden away in badly lit office spaces where they could barely be admired. “No nation but the Dutch or English would allow these two works to remain in their present situation…Amsterdam is promised a gallery worthy of its pictorial treasures, but at present there are no signs of this much-to-be-wished idea being carried out.”28
Unknown photographer, The Rijksmuseum under Construction, ca. 1879, Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam
Fig. 29 Unknown photographer, The Rijksmuseum under Construction, ca. 1879, photograph. Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam, inv. no. RMA-SSA-F-02878 (Artwork in the public domain; photograph provided by Rijksmuseum).
Catalogue of the Amsterdam Museum of the K.O.G., 1877, Koninklijk Oudheidkundig Genootschap, Amsterdam
Fig. 30 Catalogue of the Amsterdam Museum of the K.O.G., 1877, Koninklijk Oudheidkundig Genootschap, Amsterdam, inv.no. 44 (Artwork in the public domain; photograph provided by Rijksmuseum).
With this uncertainty in mind, we can track the organization and composition of the K.O.G.’s Amsterdam Museum. Several passages in the foreword of the catalogue published by the museum illustrate this anxiety (fig. 30). Authors Meijer and De Vries revealed their dismay that in 1876 the city had not also given the K.O.G. responsibility for caring for the objects in the Town Hall, which, in their opinion, were so obscurely displayed. This included the paintings. There are still “a far greater number of masterpieces in the corridors, landings, upper rooms and attics of the Town Hall than can be admired in the Oudemannenhuis. . . . Just bringing various things together would be enough to provide the state capital with a municipal museum that would surpass all such establishments in our country and include art treasures, which would arouse the jealousy of the greatest foreign museums.”29 They called on city council members to avoid waiting until the Rijksmuseum opened its doors. Too much would be lost with such a wait. Unfortunately, the number of visitors to the K.O.G.’s Amsterdam Museum failed to meet expectations and the K.O.G. faced an operating deficit of more than a thousand guilders. The city council refused to help and demanded the return of the objects on loan by July 1, as had previously been agreed.
Deliberations and Irritations
Fig. 31 Bartholomeus van der Helst, Militiamen of the Company of Captain Roelof Bicker and Lieutenant Jan Michielsz. Blaeuw, ca. 1639–43, oil on canvas, 235 x 750 cm. Amsterdam Museum, Amsterdam, inv.no. SA 7327 (RM-SK-C-375) (Artwork in the public domain; photograph provided by Amsterdam Museum).
In an exchange of letters between the board of the K.O.G. and the burgomaster and aldermen in the period May 2 to June 20, 1877, the society put up a determined fight to exhibit, after the closure of the Amsterdam Museum, some of the material in the galleries of the Oudemannenhuis, at least the collection of paintings from the Town Hall and other Amsterdam municipal institutions (fig. 31). The chairman, H. J. van Lennep, was responsible, first of all, for this proposal; he also happened to be a member of the Amsterdam city council. Adriaan de Vries supported this idea, too, and soon became the driving force behind it.30 Moreover, other members of the K.O.G. board of governors started to argue strongly that works of antiquarian value and historical objects, such as those from the Curiosities Room should be included in such an exhibition (fig. 32).31 Frederik Muller, a well-known Amsterdam bookseller, antiquarian, and collector of historical prints, and a previous chairman of the society, proposed such a selection in the board meeting of May 19, 1877. He argued that the Cabinet of Curiosities in the Town Hall was almost inaccessible and that it was impossible to present all objects in a good way. As the minutes record: “now is the time to convince the city council that Amsterdam should establish its own museum; he indicates that he does not propose this in the interest of the K.O.G. but only in the interest of the city.”32
Fig. 32 Unknown artist, Drinking Horn of the Saint Sebastian, or Longbow, Militia Guild, 1566, buffalo horn, partly gilded silver, 46 x 53.5 x 23.8 cm. Amsterdam Museum, Amsterdam, inv. no. KA 13966 (Artwork in the public domain; photograph provided by Amsterdam Museum).
The burgomaster and aldermen’s letter of June 4 reacted to this proposal negatively. They argued that the paintings would be better displayed in a new wing of the Town Hall and that the objects from the Cabinet of Curiosities and the Model Rooms should be returned from the Oudemannenhuis to their regular place in the Town Hall. An emergency board meeting discussed this response two days later, amid a heated atmosphere. In the meeting, Adriaan de Vries articulated his dismay and stated his intention to express this in the newspapers.33 The outcome of the intense discussion was recorded in a letter dated June 20, just before the closing of the K.O.G.’s Amsterdam Museum. This letter served as a final attempt to convince the city government that the well-being of the city’s collections was at stake. The K.O.G. emphasized that even though the paintings would be better placed in the new wing, the Town Hall was still not easily accessible, and therefore not the place “where one of the richest collections of masterpieces of the Old Dutch school of painting belongs.”34 The board suggested following the example of Haarlem, Leiden, Alkmaar, and many other cities, where treasures in the public domain had been made accessible to the citizenry. It made no difference. The burgomaster and aldermen adhered to their previous statements.
The developments described above demonstrate the heightened emotions generated by issues of preservation and accessibility of the art and historical heritage of the city of Amsterdam. In some ways, this differed little from discussions leading to the creation of local art and history museums in other Dutch cities at the time. By 1877, cities such as Utrecht, Middelburg, Dordrecht, Haarlem, The Hague, Leiden, Alkmaar, and Nijmegen could already count city museums of art, antiquities, and historical objects. The first was established 1838, and most originated between the 1860s and 1870s. These were often initiated by antiquarian societies, but sometimes by members of the municipal government or even individuals. Some cities started a local museum later, as was the case in Delft in 1897. Local pride was a strong motivation, sometimes combined with a flavor of nationalism. Utrecht possessed the seat of the Catholic bishops, Nijmegen was proud of its Roman past, Dordrecht claimed to have the oldest city rights (stadsrechten) in Holland, and The Hague asserted its distinction as residence of the stadholders and as seat of the national government.35
In the case of Amsterdam, feelings of local pride and national ambitions arose from its history as the most powerful city of the republic, and of course its status as capital city. As with the other cities just mentioned, Amsterdam had experienced a growing feeling of pride in the splendor and richness of the municipal art and historical collections, so beautifully displayed during the Historical Exhibition of 1876 and in the K.O.G.’s Amsterdam Museum. At the same time, worries about the conditions under which these collections were shown and preserved grew stronger as did worries about limited accessibility.
What made Amsterdam’s situation different from that in other cities was the way ideas about preservation and presentation, especially of the paintings collection, were influenced by the various plans for the Rijksmuseum of Paintings. While Gouda, for example, had established its local history museum with the cooperation of the city government, in Amsterdam, such a step became very difficult, because of the city council’s official agreements with the state in 1873 and 1880.
An Amsterdam Gallery in the New Rijksmuseum?
The disputes between the K.O.G. and the burgomaster and aldermen of Amsterdam quieted down during the fall of 1877. The burgomaster and aldermen were in some way giving in to the constant pressure from the K.O.G. The city officials probably took the view that they were hardly neglecting their responsibilities: under their supervision, the city archivist, Pieter Scheltema, functioned well as keeper of municipal collections. Ever since 1852 he had been taking his job very seriously, writing catalogues of the collections, making several acquisitions, and trying to improve the condition of the paintings and objects with the help of specialized restorers.36 But improvement was possible, certainly in the case of the conservation and presentation of the paintings collections. As a result of the pressure exerted by the K.O.G., the city council decided that fall to install a new Committee of Supervision and Advice for all municipal paintings. The K.O.G. was well represented on this committee.37
However, for some K.O.G. board members the idea of a special presentation of Amsterdam’s art and history had became more and more attractive. Therefore, discussions within the K.O.G. on this topic continued, but took a different direction. Attention shifted away from the Oudemannenhuis; the idea was now to create a separate Amsterdam gallery within the new Rijksmuseum. This became clear during a board meeting on April 16, 1878, when discussions were held for the first time with Pierre Cuypers in his function as Rijksmuseum architect. They focused on the exhibition areas for the K.O.G. in the new Rijksmuseum. Besides considering their own collections, which were to be placed on loan in the Rijksmuseum, some board members indicated their hope for a gallery in the Rijksmuseum devoted to objects exclusively connected with the city of Amsterdam.38 This came up again on June 10, 1880. In the loan agreement with the state concerning the society’s own collections, the chairman remarked that he wanted to stress the importance of such a separate Amsterdam gallery. He added that the burgomaster had reacted rather positively to the idea during a recent conversation, partly because this could become an opportunity to exhibit objects from the Curiosities Room of the Town Hall. The reaction of Cuypers, at the time both a K.O.G. curator and the architect of the new Rijksmuseum, is quite straightforward: the state offered the K.O.G., at no cost whatsoever, a room to present its collections. It was therefore imprudent to ask for a museum within the museum.39 This discussion was more or less repeated in September of the same year. Board member Adriaan de Vries in particular argued strongly in favor of such a gallery in the Rijksmuseum and also for the artworks and antiquarian objects in the Town Hall to be made available.40 De Vries continued to hope for this outcome during the following years.
Fig. 33 Unknown photographer, Victor E. L. de Stuers (1843–1916) and Pierre J. H. Cuypers (1827–1921), ca. 1880, photograph. Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam, inv. no. RMA-SSA-F-08009 (Artwork in the public domain; photograph provided by Rijksmuseum).
The question of an Amsterdam gallery in the new Rijksmuseum became a detailed agenda point one last time on December 15,1884. During a long and difficult meeting of the board, attended by the influential senior government officer for culture, Victor de Stuers, and the new director of the Rijksmuseum, Frederik Obreen, time was running out and all differences had to be resolved (fig. 33). Early in the meeting, De Stuers spoke in memory of Adriaan de Vries, who had died the same year. He was the one who, in the words of De Stuers, had so strongly insisted on a special Amsterdam gallery in the Rijksmuseum. After some deliberations, during which the chairman of the K.O.G. once more repeated the idea of bringing together in this gallery everything connected to the city of Amsterdam, they concluded this was impossible: it would never fit. As a concession to the society’s wishes, De Stuers suggested displaying remarkable Amsterdam plans and cityscapes. But this was rejected on the grounds that it was unwise to exhibit in such close proximity to the Rembrandt gallery a collection of totally different quality and size.41
Seven months later, the new Rijksmuseum opened with over three hundred paintings on loan from the city of Amsterdam. An Amsterdam gallery had not been realized, a Rembrandt gallery had. The establishment of a Rembrandt gallery was applauded. But for the rest, this was hardly what the proponents of a separate presentation on Amsterdam art and history had hoped for.
And Goliath the giant? Only in the course of 1887 and 1888 did the many objects from the Cabinet of Curiosities, the Cabinet of Arms, and the Model Rooms–including the sculpture group David, Goliath, and His Shield Bearer–move to the new Rijksmuseum. They were displayed, as indicated earlier, on the ground floor, together with objects from the Netherlands Museum of History and Art. In the years 1886 to 1888, Nicolaes de Roever, archivist and then curator of these municipal collections, dedicated three articles in the periodical Oud Holland to keeping alive the memory of the Town Hall exhibition rooms (fig. 34). De Roever expressed no regrets over the disappearance of the Town Hall’s “Cabinet of Curiosities, the first Museum of Antiquities…because it never promised to become the core of a great historical Museum about the trade city which once ruled the commercial world.” More was achieved, he wrote, by the establishment of the Netherlands Museum of History and Art in Amsterdam, which offered the history of the fatherland over that of a local history. Nevertheless, he remarked “with that the door was closed inevitably for small local items, which would certainly have found a much larger place in an Amsterdam Museum.”42
In 1895, Amsterdam did open the Stedelijk Museum. During the first years of its existence this was home to a somewhat strange variety of art and historical collections. The museum devoted some rooms to the history of the city, exhibiting several remaining historical and antiquarian objects from the archives of the Town Hall. Yet even that display disappeared several decades later. Already around 1914, the director of the Stedelijk Museum decided to remove these objects from the museum in order to concentrate on modern art. In 1926, the objects went to the new Amsterdam Historical Museum, a museum established the same year in De Waag, a former weigh house, right in the center of the city.43
Fig. 34 Jan Veth, Mr. Nicolaes de Roever (1850–1893), etching, 195 x 190 mm. Amsterdam City Archives, Amsterdam, 010094007751 (Artwork in the public domain; photograph provided by Amsterdam City Archives).
The next and concluding step occurred in 1975, with the establishment of a large historical museum (successor to the museum in De Waag) that opened its doors to the public in the former city orphanage on the Kalverstraat, just where it is today. In the large permanent exhibition on the history of Amsterdam, visitors could admire paintings and objects that had been on long-term loan to the Rijksmuseum since 1885. Although the negotiations had been protracted and the Rijksmuseum’s relinquishing of certain works sometimes difficult, a large and impressive Amsterdam history museum had finally come into being, with the Goliath sculpture group as the big attraction for the museum’s restaurant visitors.44
A historian and art historian, Renée Kistemaker has worked since 1971 in various positions in the Amsterdam Museum. Between 1991 and 2001, she functioned as head of Museum Affairs, and for the last ten years was active as a senior consultant for research and project development. After her retirement in 2009, she participated in several international projects. Currently she is working on her dissertation on the history of the collections of the Amsterdam Museum, especially from the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.
r.e.kistemaker@gmail.com
I would like to thank Ellinoor Bergvelt for her critical remarks. I thank Michiel Jonker and Norbert Middelkoop for their assistance with several of the illustrations. This article is based on a lecture given at the 2010 Historians of Netherlandish Art Conference. The lecture was translated by Jean Vaughan. I am grateful to the two readers and the editor of JHNA for their comments and assistance with the translation of the text.
1. “een beetje gek, maar niet op zijn plaats, beter stond het in het stedelijk Amsterdams museum voor burgerlijke antiquiteiten”: Paul Verlaine, Twee weken Holland, trans. Karel Jonckheere (Manteau Marginaal, 1978), 68.
2. Gijs van der Ham, 200 jaar Rijksmuseum (Zwolle/Amsterdam: Waanders Uitgevers/Rijksmuseum Amsterdam, 2000), 153, 156–57. The Netherlands Museum of History and Art was founded in 1875 in The Hague; late in 1877 the minister of Internal Affairs proposed that it eventually be moved to the ground floor of the new Rijksmuseum. In the spring of 1883, the collections were shipped to the Rijksmuseum, where the museum opened in 1887/88.
3. This subject is a central theme in my dissertation on the municipal policies in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries regarding the art and historical collections of the city of Amsterdam. The focus is mainly on the collections of the present-day Amsterdam Museum.
4. In January 2011 the Amsterdam Historical Museum changed its name to the Amsterdam Museum.
5. Jurjen Vis, De Poort: De Oudemanhuispoort en haar gebruikers 1602–2002 (Amsterdam: Boom, 2002), 114–17; 119–22.
6. Ellinoor Bergvelt, Pantheon der Gouden Eeuw: Van Nationale Konst-Gallerij tot Rijksmuseum van Schilderijen (1798–1898) (Zwolle: Waanders Uitgevers, 1998), 165. Klaas van Berkel, De stem van de wetenschap: Geschiedenis van de Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen Deel I: 1808–1914 (Amsterdam: Bert Bakker, 2008), 127–28.
7. P. Scheltema, Historische beschrijving der schilderijen van het stadhuis te Amsterdam (Amsterdam, 1879), introduction (unpaginated). According to Scheltema, by 1864 the number of paintings had increased to 138 (The catalogue compiled by Jeronimo de Vries in 1843 had counted 99 paintings). In 1879, there were over 170 paintings in the Town Hall; see Norbert Middelkoop, De Oude Meesters van de stad Amsterdam: Schilderijen tot 1800 (Bussum/Amsterdam: Thoth Publishers/Amsterdam Historical Museum, 2008), 30.
8. N. de Roever, “De Rariteiten-kamer verbonden aan ’t Amsterdamsche Gemeente-Archief,” Oud Holland 6 (1886): 284.
9. Karl Baedeker, Belgium and Holland: Handbook for Travellers (Coblenz, 1869), 267. According to this guide, the rooms were open to the public before 10 a.m. and after 4 p.m. because of the work hours of officials.
10. Bergvelt, Pantheon der Gouden Eeuw, 177–79.
11. Gemeenteblad van Amsterdam (1873), vol. 1 , 407; and vol. 2, 485–93. Amsterdam promised to make a contribution of fl.100,000 to the building costs of the Rijksmuseum, estimated at fl.700,000.
12. N. Scheltema, introduction to Catalogus van het Stedelijk Museum te Gouda (Gouda, 1885) (unpaginated). According to Scheltema, the city of Gouda made room available for a historical museum in a building situated on the market square of Gouda. In 1885, the museum’s collection numbered 830 objects.
13. C. C. Meijer, Jr., Wandeling door de zalen der Historische Tentoonstelling van Amsterdam (Amsterdam: J. M. E. and G. H. Meijer,1876), 10.
14. Marlies Coucke, Geniale losheid en systematiek: Twee historische tentoonstellingen over Amsterdam vergeleken (Doctoral dissertation, Universiteit van Amsterdam, 2002), 18–39
15. Ad de Jong, De dirigenten van de herinnering: Musealisering en nationalisering van de volkscultuur in Nederland 1815–1940 (Nijmegen: Sun/Nederlands Openluchtmuseum, 2001), 71–73. De Jong points out that Cuypers would repeat this new approach of an integrated and picturesque presentation in his layout for the rooms on the ground floor of the new Rijksmuseum.
16. J. F. Heijbroek, “Het Koninklijk Oudheidkundig Genootschap (1858–1995): Een historisch overzicht,” in Voor Nederland Bewaard: De verzamelingen van het Koninklijk Oudheidkundig Genootschap in het Rijksmuseum, ed. J. F. Heijbroek and R. Meijer (Leiden/Baarn: Stichting Leids Kunsthistorisch Jaarboek/De Prom, 1995), 9–17.
17. Bergvelt, Pantheon der Gouden Eeuw, 179. Van der Ham, 200 jaar Rijksmuseum, 120–23. On May 21, 1862, the municipality of Amsterdam established a committee of fifteen members for the foundation of a new art museum in the city. The proposal for this so-called Museum Willem I was supported by the state. On the committee were several K.O.G. boardmembers, with J. A. Alberdingk Thijm acting as secretary. By the end of 1866, the lack of national and local financial support became clear, making it impossible to realize these plans.
18. Van der Ham, 200 jaar Rijksmuseum, 154. The first director of the Netherlands Museum of History and Art was David van der Kellen, one of the founders of the K.O.G. and a very active K.O.G. board member. Van der Kellen was a dedicated curator of the society’s collections.
19. K.O.G. inv. 16, Registers van notulen van bestuursvergaderingen april 29, 1872–december 23, 1878, 49. This is the report of the board meeting of February 26, 1876. The first letter from the city government to the K.O.G. on this subject dates from February 9, 1876.
20. K.O.G. inv.16, 60. The third member of this special commission was F. M. Maschaupt, an Amsterdam corn merchant. He was Kaiser’s successor as the society’s treasurer in the years 1876–79. Cuypers was one of the two curators of the K.O.G. between 1876 and 1882.
21. K.O.G. inv.16, 66/67.
22. K.O.G. inv.16, 69–71, Board meeting of October 4, 1876. Right from the start, practical aspects dominated the discussions: for example, lists of objects for display in the museum. D. C. Meijer Jr. was treasurer of the K.O.G. from 1879 to 1908; A. D. de Vries Azn. was secretary between 1877 and 1882.
23. K.O.G. inv.16, 72–73. The proposition was definitively rejected in the meeting of October 31, 1876. In the autumn of 1899, Dirk Meijer Jr. would be numbered among the initiators who established the Genootschap Amstelodamum (Society Amstelodamum).
24. [D. C. Meijer Jr., and A. D. de Vries Azn.], Catalogus van het Amsterdamsch Museum van het Koninklijk Oudheidkundig Genootschap in de zalen van het Oude-Mannenhuis (Amsterdam, 1877), cat. nos. 222–29; 230–35 (city militia) and cat. nos. 509–16 (surgeons’ guild). See Middelkoop, De Oude Meesters van de stad Amsterdam, 36–37.
25. Other important lenders included Dr. J. P. Six, R. W. P. de Vries, Herman J. van Lennep, at the time chairman of the society, and Nicolaes de Roever.
26. De Tijd, January 22, 1877. The speaker was alderman Cornelis Heynsius.
27. Renée Kistemaker, “Museum Van der Hoop: Het eerste gemeentelijke museum van Amsterdam, 1855–1885,” in De Hollandse meesters van een Amsterdamse bankier: De verzameling van Adriaan van der Hoop (1778–1854), ed. Ellinoor Bergvelt et al. (Zwolle/Amsterdam: Uitgeverij Waanders b.v./Amsterdams Historisch Museum/Rijksmuseum, 2004), 56–57. In a letter dated February 22, 1878, the burgomaster and aldermen of Amsterdam drafted a proposal to the minister of internal affairs, in which they suggested that the loan to the new Rijksmuseum include the historical objects and antiquities in the rooms in the town hall, even though “this was not our intention in the beginning”. In the same letter, they tentatively inquired if it would be possible to exhibit the paintings of the Museum Van der Hoop in the Rijksmuseum.
28. Lord Ronald Gower, A Pocket Guide to the Public and Private Galleries of Belgium and Holland (London: Sampson Low, Marston, Low and Searle, 1875), 127–28.
29. “Ook nu nog bevindt zich een veel grooter aantal meesterstukken dan men in het Oude-mannenhuis kan bewonderen in gangen, in portalen, op bovenkamers en op zolders van het Stadhuis.…Een en ander te zamen gebracht zoude op zich zelf reeds genoeg zijn om aan de hoofdstad des rijks een Stedelijk Museum te verschaffen dat alle dergelijke inrichtingen in ons land zou overtreffen, en kunstschatten zou bevatten, die den naijver van de grootste buitenlandsche musea zouden opwekken”: K.O.G. inv. 44, Catalogus, iii and vi. The catalogue was published in March 1877.
30. K.O.G. inv. 16, 101–9; 122–34.
31. K.O.G. inv. 16, 115–17.
32. “dat nú de tijd is om het Gemeentebestuur te doen inzien dat Amsterdam zelf een Museum moet oprichten; hij wenscht het voorstel ook niet te doen ten voordeele van het K.O.G. maar in het belang van de stad”: K.O.G. inv. 16, 117–18.
33. K.O.G. inv. 16, 130.
34. “waar een der rijkste Collecties Meesterstukken der Oud Hollandsche Schilderschool thuis behoort”: K.O.G. inv. 40, Kopijboek ingekomen en uitgaande stukken 1877 januari 5–1884 (vóór 28) november, 26–28.
35. A substantial study of the early history of local museums of art and history in the Netherlands does not exist. The examples presented in this article are based on the study of contemporary museum catalogues of these museums in the Print Room of the Rijksmuseum.
36. Middelkoop, De Oude Meesters van de stad Amsterdam, 28–29, 36–37.
37. On August 28, 1877, the alderman of finances, Gijsbert van Tienhoven, formulated a first proposition to the burgomaster and aldermen calling for the appointment of a Committee of Supervision and Advice for all municipal paintings; see Middelkoop, De Oude Meesters van de stad Amsterdam, 37. The role of this committee would be to advise the burgomaster and aldermen on the presentation and preservation of the paintings. Before this had been part of the task of the archivist. The committee was appointed on January 1, 1878.
38. K.O.G. inv.16, 161–62.
39. K.O.G. inv.17, Notulen van de bestuursvergaderingen 1879 januari 31–1890 februari 10, 30. It is possible that the deliberations regarding the proposition of an Amsterdam Gallery in the new Rijksmuseum were influenced by an important donation that Gerard Heineken considered making to the K.O.G. In 1880, Heineken had offered to donate his large collection of Amsterdam drawings, prints, and maps to the K.O.G. This offer was discussed during the same board meeting of June 10, 1880, presided over by Carl Schöffer, chairman of the K.O.G. at the time. In 1882 Schöffer was appointed to the Committee of Supervision of the Rijksmuseum; see Bergvelt, Pantheon der Gouden Eeuw, 344.
40. K.O.G. inv.17, 33-35. This was the meeting of September 23, 1880. The discussion was more or less similar to that of June 10. At the end of the meeting it was decided that the society would give to the State on loan, all of their objects, with the exception of the library, the Atlas Amsterdam, and all objects that could be considered “Amsterdamsch”.
41. K.O.G. inv.17,102-103.
42. “de Rariteiten-kamer het eerste Museum van Oudheden…Wij treuren er niet over indien het verdwijnt, omdat het niet de kern beloofde te worden voor een groot historisch Museum betreffende de koopstad, die eens de handelswereld beheerschte…en daarmede ging onvermijdelijk voor de plaatselijke kleinigheden de deur toe, die in een Amsterdamsch Museum zeker eene breede plaats zouden hebben ingenomen”: Nicolaes de Roever, “De Rariteitenkamer verbonden aan ’t Amsterdamsche Gemeente-Archief “, Oud Holland 6 (1888), 224.. Nicolaes de Roever functioned as municipal archivist of Amsterdam from 1885 to 1893. Beginning in 1877 he served as assistant archivist to Pieter Scheltema. In this function he was also involved with the care of the municipal collections. In 1883 De Roever was co-founder together with Adriaan de Vries of the magazine Oud Holland.
43. John Jansen van Galen and Huib Schreurs, Het huis van nu, waar de toekomst is: Een kleine historie van het Stedelijk Museum Amsterdam, 1895–1995 (Naarden: V+K Publishing/Immerc, 1995), 39–41.
44. In 2010 David, Goliath, and His Shield Bearer was moved to the Militia Gallery of the Amsterdam Museum.
Archival Sources (Koninklijk Oudheidkundig Genootschap [K.O.G.], Amsterdam)
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K.O.G. inv. 17, Notulen van de bestuursvergaderingen 1879 januari 31–1890 februari 10.K.O.G. inv. 40,
K.O.G. inv. 40, Kopijboek ingekomen en uitgaande stukken 1877 januari 5–1884 (vóór 28) november. Printed Primary Sources: Baedeker, Karl.
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Author: Reneé Kistemaker
Publication Date: Summer 2011
Review: Peer Review (Double Blind)
Reneé Kistemaker, "Between local pride and national ambition: The “Amsterdam Museum” of the Royal Dutch Antiquarian Society and the new Rijksmuseum," Journal of Historians of Netherlandish Art 3:2 (Summer 2011) DOI: 10.5092/jhna.2011.3.2.4
Adriaan de Vries Azn, Amsterdam Museum, City History Museums, Collections of the City of Amsterdam, History of collections, Koninklijk Oudheidkundig Museum ( or K.O.G.), Pierre Cuypers, Rijksmuseum
Previous Article “Savagery” and “Civilization”: Dutch Brazil in the Kunst- and Wunderkammer
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IIIF (International Image Interoperability Framework) allows for the sharing of digital image data across technology systems, providing the opportunity to view and compare images from institutions around the world that have implemented this technology. For the images of this work of art, please see the owner's institution.
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← Libraricating
‘Gilead’ by Marilynne Robinson →
‘The Silkworm’ by Robert Galbraith
J.K. Rowling has a sense of humour. After it became public that Robert Galbraith was a pseudonym for her new crime novel series, she came to the Theakston’s Crime Writing Festival dressed in a suit and tie! Rowling has implied that the new series which started with ‘The Cuckoo’s Calling’, will go the distance as long or longer than the Harry Potter series, with at least six or seven instalments. This second in the series was, in my opinion, way better than the first, so I think she is finding her stride in this genre, and with the characters of Cormoran Strike and his assistant Robin. Although I don’t think this series holds any of the genius that she displayed with Harry Potter, I am looking forward to what is coming next. The series definitely now ‘has legs’, a pun in poor taste if you know that the protagonist is a war veteran with a debilitating injury.
‘The Silkworm’ is set in the literary world of authors and publishers and editors, perhaps because the author knows the publishing industry. When Owen Quine goes missing after writing a despicable controversial book, his wife calls Cormoran Strike to investigate. Quine has gone off before, but when it becomes clear that there are several people who are angry about the poisonous portraits he has written into the new book, and when his body is discovered in brutally bizarre circumstances, the investigator realizes there might be several people who wanted Quine silenced. I love how Cormoran gathers all of the suspects into one room near the end and flushes out the culprit – reminds me of the old classic whodunits. Cormoran as a character, in my mind’s eye, kind of reminds me of a younger, more handsome version of Fitz from Cracker (Robbie Coltrane).
Robert Galbraith even has his own website! (Robert Galbraith Website) I especially enjoyed the FAQs there.
This entry was posted in Fiction and tagged J.K. Rowling, Robert Galbraith, The Silkworm. Bookmark the permalink.
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10 Paroled Serial Killers And Murderers
Gary Pullman August 26, 2017 0
According to the US Department of Justice, parole, the supervised release of convicted criminals from prison into the community at large, helps prisoners adjust to normal life, “protects the community” by reducing recidivism, and prevents unnecessary imprisonment. To be paroled in the US, prisoners must have exhibited good behavior (e.g. following prison rules), the parole mustn’t suggest the offenses weren’t serious or constitute a “disrespect for the law,” and the prisoner’s release mustn’t threaten public safety.
While one country’s conditions for parole may differ from those of another, it’s clear any nation’s justice system should have the safety and welfare of its citizens in mind in deciding whether or not convicted criminals are released from prison.
When possible parolees are convicted serial killers or mass murderers, it’s obvious that their offenses are serious and their release could jeopardize people’s safety, no matter how well they followed the rules during their incarceration. There would seem to be no chance such offenders would ever be released from prison to prey upon the public again, but, in fact, such incidents do occur, often to the detriment of the public, whom laws and prisons are supposed to protect.
10 Kenneth Allen McDuff
Photo credit: CBS News
Kenneth Allen McDuff was paroled, not so he could adjust to life, not to reduce recidivism, and certainly not because he no longer posed a threat to public welfare. He was paroled to reduce prison overcrowding.
From 1966 to 1992, he committed between nine and 22 murders in Texas. McLennan County sheriff Parnell McNamara described McDuff as “a cold-blooded, psychopathic killer” who was “more evil than the Devil himself,” concluding “he never should have been released.” McDuff was on death row for murdering three teenagers in 1966, but his sentence was reduced to life with the possibility of parole in 1972. He was released in 1989.
In 1990, the parole board had a chance to send him back to prison after McDuff was arrested for chasing and threatening black teenagers. But neither his actions nor the “racial invective” he expressed at his parole hearing returned him to a prison cell, and he killed at least three women between his release on parole and his return to prison in 1992, for abducting and murdering convenience store clerk Melissa Northrop and accountant Colleen Reed. He never expressed remorse for any of his crimes.[1] McDuff was executed by lethal injection in 1998.
9 Loren Herzog
Photo credit: Lodi News-Sentinel
California “Speed Freak Killer” Loren Herzog’s last victim appears to have been himself. After having committed a number of murders with Wesley Shermantine, a friend of his since childhood, Herzog was sentenced to 78 years to life for murdering and raping Cindy Vanderheiden. In 2004, an appeals court found that Herzog’s confession may have been coerced and ordered a new trial for him. When offered a plea deal, Herzog agreed to plead guilty to manslaughter in exchange for a 14-year sentence. He was paroled in September 2010.
Two years later, the parole agent who monitored him continuously using GPS technology found Herzog’s tracking bracelet had a low battery. When Herzog failed to answer his telephone, the agent notified police, who found Herzog dead inside the trailer he inhabited “on fenced-off property grounds outside the prison.” Police investigated his death as a possible suicide.
The motive for Herzog’s apparent suicide seems to have been his knowledge that Shermantine intended to tell police where the bodies of their victims were located. Sacramento bounty hunter Leonard Padilla had relayed this information to Herzog shortly before Herzog killed himself. It’s possible he and Shermantine might have faced charges for additional homicides, depending on the number and identities of the bodies authorities recovered based on Shermantine’s information.[2]
8 Michael Keith Moon
Photo credit: Federal Bureau of Investigation
Career criminal Michael Keith Moon had several chances to reform. In 1981, he was convicted of stabbing a woman to death in Reno, Nevada. After his release from prison in 1991, he was convicted of attempted murder for repeatedly stabbing a man in bar in Woodstock, Illinois. He was released in 2005. Three years later, he was convicted of second-degree murder after killing a 24-year-old man in Escondido, California. In 2014, he was again granted parole and began living in a halfway house in downtown San Diego.
Escondido detective Chuck Gaylor believes Moon committed other murders between his time in Reno and his latest arrest and is most likely a serial killer.[3]
7 Louis Van Schoor
Photo credit: Vibe News Network
In 1992, South African serial killer Louis van Schoor was sentenced to 20 years in prison for committing seven murders and attempting two others. He was released in 2004, after serving 12 years, walking “straight into the arms of his fiancee,” lawyer Eunice de Kock of Cape Town.
Responding to silent alarms in businesses, van Schoor, a member of the police K-9 unit and a security guard at the time of the murders, said he shot as many as 100 people between 1986 and 1989.
Van Schoor said he was glad to be back in society and hoped people would judge him by his future behavior, rather than his past crimes. Initially, he had nothing to say to his victims’ families, but he later conceded he’d appreciate their forgiveness.[4]
6 William Huff
Photo credit: KHPO-TV
Calling himself “The Phantom,” serial killer William Huff murdered seven-year-old Cindy Clelland and six-year-old Jenelle Haines and targeted a third girl before he was arrested. The murders took place in Sierra Vista, Arizona. On April 30, 1967, Cindy had been collecting bottles to exchange for candy at her neighborhood store. Following the discovery of Cindy’s naked body on May 2, the police received a handwritten note: “I am The Phantom. You have found my first victim. My next victim lives on Steffan Street. 9 yrs old. (Fools!!!)”
When police provided the targeted girl with 24-hour protection, Huff apparently decided to kill Jenelle instead. A colonel’s daughter, she was playing by a pond near the Lakeside Officer’s Club on June 22 when Huff abducted her. Later that day, Jenelle’s body, like Cindy’s, was found naked. Police had already suspected Huff, a neighborhood teenager at the time. Following Jenelle’s murder, Sierra Vista police chief C. Reed Vance saw Huff leaving the Army post at which the officer’s club was located. A handwriting sample obtained from Huff matched the note from The Phantom.
Upon conviction for the girls’ murders, Huff was sentenced to 15 years for one homicide and 40 for the other. In 2005, the parole board voted unanimously to grant him parole. In 2006, he began living under house arrest in a halfway house in Tucson. Ellen Kirschbaum, who chaired the parole board, said she couldn’t predict whether Huff might murder someone else.[5]
5 Vernon Tatum
In 2017, after serving 13 years for raping and murdering several elderly women, serial killer Vernon Thomas was paroled for good behavior while incarcerated. After living in a halfway house downtown, Tatum planned to return to the Kansas City, Missouri, neighborhood in which he’d committed the crimes.
Local police were disturbed at the thought the killer would soon be back among them. “He’s one of the most dangerous individuals I’ve ever dealt with,” police detective Lester Scott said.[6]
4 Arthur Shawcross
Photo credit: Biography
Arthur Shawcross began his career as a serial killer at age 27 in 1972, when he killed a ten-year-old boy he’d lured into the woods on the pretext of going fishing with him. The same year, he sexually assaulted and murdered an eight-year-old girl whom he led to a deserted area as he showed her a new bicycle. Arrested after eyewitnesses identified him as the man they’d seen with the children, Shawcross confessed to both murders, but in a plea deal, he was charged with only one count of manslaughter.
Because he was a “model prisoner,” he was paroled after serving 14 years of his 25-year sentence, and his criminal records were sealed. Settling in Rochester, New York, in 1988, Shawcross resumed murdering victims, asphyxiating and mutilating prostitutes. A helicopter pilot spotted him near a murder scene, and he was arrested. He admitted to committing ten murders and was sentenced to 250 years in prison.[7]
3 Louise Peete
Photo credit: California Department of Corrections
After serving 18 years for the murder of Jacob Charles Denton on June 2, 1920, Louise Peete was paroled. She was arrested again in 1944, after the decomposing body of Margaret Logan, 60, was found in an 46-centimeter-deep (18 in) grave in the victim’s Pacific Palisades, California, backyard. Peete admitted to burying Margaret’s body but refused to say any more.
In a written statement, Peete later claimed Margaret’s husband, Arthur, had shot his wife to death after first attacking Margaret. Peete said she waited for Arthur to retire for the night before burying the dead woman in the Logans’ backyard, afraid she’d be convicted of Margaret’s murder and returned to prison if the body was discovered.
Tried for Margaret’s homicide, Peete was found guilty of murder in the first degree and sentenced to death. Prosecutors proved Arthur couldn’t have killed his wife. At the time of Margaret’s murder, he was already dead, having passed away in insane asylum prior to the discovery of Margaret’s body.
Peete was executed in San Quentin State Prison’s gas chamber on April 11, 1947. The motives for her crimes were monetary. By shooting her victims, she hoped to gain their estates. As she was about to be executed, she told the prison’s warden, Clinton T. Duffy, “I’ve been ready for a long time.”[8]
2 Gerald Gallego And Charlene Williams
Photo credit: Escrito con Sangre
Gerald Gallego was twice paroled before committing multiple sexual assaults and ten murders. He was paroled in July 1961 after serving less than a year in a “boys’ school” for committing lewd and lascivious acts with a six-year-old girl and again in 1963 after serving about two years for an armed robbery he’d committed in 1961.
After five marriages in which he’d abused his wives, Gallego met Charlene Adell Williams at a poker club in Sacramento, California. Together, in September 1978, they began abducting girls in California and Nevada to serve as their sex slaves. Their first two victims were 17-year-old Rhonda Scheffler and 16-year-old Kippi Vaught, both of whom Gallego shot dead following an apparent tryst with them in a secluded wooded area. In all, by November 1980, the couple had racked up ten victims, all teenagers, most of whom they kept as sex slaves before murdering them.
A friend of the last two victims, Craig Miller, 22, and his fiancee, Mary Elizabeth Sowers, 21, saw the couple get into Gallego’s vehicle and wrote down its license plate number. At a remote location, Gallego shot Miller, killing him, before he and Williams drove to another location, where he sexually assaulted and then murdered Sowers.
When Miller and Sowers didn’t return home, the witness gave Gallego’s license number to the police. Convicted of the murders of Miller and Sowers, Gallego was sentenced to death on June 25, 1984. For testifying against him, Williams received a sentence of 16 years and eight months in prison and was paroled in August 1997.[9]
1 Richard Marquette
Although cannibal serial killer Richard Marquette chopped up and froze his victims, saving them to eat later, and his fellow inmates believed he’d kill again, he was found fit for parole after serving 12 years of his sentence. Shortly after his release, he committed additional murders.
His first victim was Joan Rae Caudle, 23. He said he’d met her in a Portland, Oregon, bar on June 4 or 5, 1961. He strangled her when they argued after having consensual sex, and he chopped up her body to make it easier to dispose of her remains. Arrested on June 30, he was convicted in December and sentenced to life in prison. Paroled after serving 12 years, he killed again, but this time, the murder went undetected. He wasn’t as lucky when he murdered and dissected Betty Wilson, 37, in Salem, Washington. He was sentenced to life imprisonment—again.[10]
Gary Pullman, an instructor at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas, lives south of Area 51, which, according to his family and friends, explains “a lot.” His 2016 urban fantasy novel, A Whole World Full of Hurt, available on Amazon.com, was published by The Wild Rose Press.
Read about more murderers walking free on 10 Terrible Multiple Murderers Who Were Released From Prison and 10 Terrifying American Serial Killers Still At Large.
10 Facts About Robert Maudsley AKA The Real-Life Hannibal Lecter
10 Harrowing Christmas Accounts That Were Far From Festive
Top 10 Nefarious American Mobsters
10 Haunting Unsolved Cold Cases From New York
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Walter as sergeant in France, 1943 – © Archive M. A. McQuillan
On December 7, 1941, the Japanese made a surprise attack and bombed the American fleet at Pearl Harbor in Hawaii, bringing the U.S. into World War II to fight against Germany and Japan. Walter immediately joined the American Army. All immigration opportunities ceased at that time. The Lesses were fortunate, indeed, to have arrived eight months earlier.
Walter was stationed in France and England. He was first assigned to a medical unit. Later he became an interpreter for the Office of Strategic Services (OSS), interrogating German prisoners of war.
Walter and his wife Joan in the 1960s – © Archive M. A. McQuillan
Anna Less with her granddaughter Margaret Ann – © Archive M. A. McQuillan
While in England, he met a young Catholic woman, Joan Todd. When he returned to California at the end of the war, she joined him and they married. They had one daughter, Margaret Ann.
The Ahronheim children with their parents. Anna is standing on the left – © Archive M. A. McQuillan
The Ahronheim family with the reunited Less family: Ernst, Anna, Leopold and Walter – © Archive M. A. McQuillan
Walter’s sister Kate, her husband John and daughter Eva, and Walter’s brother, Ernst, also escaped safely to the United States. They, too, eventually settled in San Francisco. Walter’s father died in 1945 of a heart attack; his mother lived well into her 80s. His father would never discuss his time in the concentration camp, even though he was safe in California. German officers had warned him if he ever spoke about anything he had witnessed, they would find him and his family and kill them all. Walter’s mother, as she grew old and frail, would tell her son she could hear the Nazis and the Hitler Youth marching under her window each night, singing their songs and shouting, “Death to the Jews!”
Ahronheim family reunion in Princeton, New Jersey in 2009 – © Archive M. A. McQuillan
Fifty years later, Walter and his wife, Joan, returned to Lüneburg. They were welcomed by the mayor. An article was written in the newspaper after their arrival, and citizens who remembered Walter’s parents and their department store introduced themselves. Several commented how Herr Less had generously allowed their families to buy on credit, and the son of a woman from a very poor family told how grateful his mother was that he always gave her a hot breakfast before she began her day’s work in the store.
Walter Less and daughter Margaret with her children Jessica and Matthew at Christmas – © Archive M. A. McQuillan
Walter’s daughter, Margaret, still has the silverware, photographs, wedding ring and pocket watch her grandparents, Anna and Leopold, chose to bring with them. She also has Walter’s photograph album and stamp collection. Joan died in 1985. Walter died in December, 2001.
Walter Less, age 84, sailing in Newburyport, Massachusetts, in 2001 – © Archive M. A. McQuillan
Previous: Epilogue: “Home”
Next: Questions for Discussion
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Difference between revisions of "Classroom"
From Learning
Vipul (talk | contribs)
(→Examples)
| School or college classroom where students have signed up for a course together || Most college and university courses are structured like this. Some high school elective courses are also similarly structured || The set of learners is the set of students who have signed up for a course, and more specifically for a particular section of the course with the specific instructor. The act of signing up may be constrained by various factors, such as degree requirements that cause them to sign up, availability of slots, time constraints, and prerequisite requirements imposed by the educational institution. In most such cases, the majority of students are close by in educational stage (e.g., the same year of college) but there could be a few students at much earlier or later overall educational stages; there could also be courses where the set of learners is not clustered around a specific educational stage.
| Seminar or colloquium (single or series) || Typically found in universities, these are individual talks or series of talks where a domain expert presents material to an audience that has some interest in the domain but may not know as much || The "learners" in this case are voluntary and, in many cases, walk-in: they choose to attend the seminar or colloquium, and are under no obligation to attend or stay. The learners may include people who are peers of or even senior to the explainer.
Revision as of 02:56, 1 January 2019
The classroom refers to a general, widely found, class of learning environments with the following characteristics:
A single (primary) explainer and multiple (usually, at least three) learners, all within the same room (i.e., in geographical proximity), with the explainer usually at the front of the room and having access to tools such as chalkboards or display screens for showing slides or computer screens.
The explainer is generally considered the authority figure of the classroom. The explainer controls the main action in the classroom (the use of the chalkboards or display screens, as well as all loud conversation), though individual pieces of it may be delegated to different learners.
With respect to the material being covered, learners are expected to have sufficiently similar levels of background knowledge to make the classroom setting feasible; in practice, there may be significant differences between learners' background.
In the classroom context, the explainer may be referred to as a teacher or instructor, and the learner may be referred to as a student.
Note that when we use the term "classroom", we are not referring to the physical room itself; the same physical room could be used for many different "classroom"s when the explainer, learner, or material covered change.
Classrooms are seen in many different contexts:
Type of classroom
Where it's found
Typical distinguishing characteristics
School classroom where the learners form a "section" of the school student body that studies many subjects together At least up till middle school and in many cases up till high school in many countries Students in the school are grouped (primarily based on age) into grades (classes). Students within each grade are grouped into sections. For the most part, students in the same section attend all courses together, and are usually tied to a single physical room (exceptions may includes classes that require specific equipment or more specialization, such as physical training and music).
School or college classroom where students have signed up for a course together Most college and university courses are structured like this. Some high school elective courses are also similarly structured The set of learners is the set of students who have signed up for a course, and more specifically for a particular section of the course with the specific instructor. The act of signing up may be constrained by various factors, such as degree requirements that cause them to sign up, availability of slots, time constraints, and prerequisite requirements imposed by the educational institution. In most such cases, the majority of students are close by in educational stage (e.g., the same year of college) but there could be a few students at much earlier or later overall educational stages; there could also be courses where the set of learners is not clustered around a specific educational stage.
Seminar or colloquium (single or series) Typically found in universities, these are individual talks or series of talks where a domain expert presents material to an audience that has some interest in the domain but may not know as much The "learners" in this case are voluntary and, in many cases, walk-in: they choose to attend the seminar or colloquium, and are under no obligation to attend or stay. The learners may include people who are peers of or even senior to the explainer.
Parameters to evaluate classrooms on
The set of learners
The characteristics of a classroom are controlled largely by the set of learners. Some relevant parameters:
Parameter or parameter type
How it matters
Classroom size Number of learners The explainer's ability to provide individual attention to learners reduces as classroom size increases. However, larger classroom sizes allow for some classroom dynamics that are not possible with smaller sizes. (For instance, cold calling, polling, and interactive class discussions could work better for larger classrooms).
Prerequisites range and gap The extent to which the learners have various prerequisite knowledge and skills, and the extent of variation between learners in this knowledge and skills. An explainer is supposed to assist all learners with learning. Usually, large gaps in prerequisites between learners is a hindrance because the explainer cannot choose a single pace and method of explanation that works for all learners. In some cases, the explainer can turn it to an advantage by having the learners who are ahead assist the learners who are behind, or using other methods.
Interestedness range and gap The extent to which learners are interested in learning, and the gap between the most and least interested learners. Similar to prerequisites, interestedness can affect the strategy used by the explainer. For more interested learners, the explainer may cover some details that would satisfy their curiosity, whereas for less interested learners, the explainer may focus on covering the key points forcefully and highlighting why those should be interesting or relevant. A wide range of interestedness among learners poses a challenge for the explainer in selecting a strategy.
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Daily Ratings & News for Starbucks
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Zacks Investment Research Downgrades Smart Global (NASDAQ:SGH) to Hold
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Raub Brock Capital Management LP Sells 2,626 Shares of Starbucks Co. (SBUX)
Posted by Justin Noah on May 16th, 2019
Raub Brock Capital Management LP lowered its position in shares of Starbucks Co. (NASDAQ:SBUX) by 0.9% during the first quarter, according to its most recent filing with the Securities & Exchange Commission. The fund owned 298,185 shares of the coffee company’s stock after selling 2,626 shares during the period. Starbucks comprises about 4.7% of Raub Brock Capital Management LP’s portfolio, making the stock its 4th biggest position. Raub Brock Capital Management LP’s holdings in Starbucks were worth $22,167,000 at the end of the most recent reporting period.
A number of other hedge funds have also recently modified their holdings of the stock. Paragon Capital Management LLC bought a new stake in shares of Starbucks in the 1st quarter valued at about $29,000. Lake Point Wealth Management bought a new stake in shares of Starbucks in the 4th quarter valued at about $25,000. Veritas Investment Management LLP bought a new stake in shares of Starbucks in the 4th quarter valued at about $28,000. C J Advisory Inc bought a new stake in shares of Starbucks in the 1st quarter valued at about $34,000. Finally, Highwater Wealth Management LLC bought a new stake in shares of Starbucks in the 4th quarter valued at about $28,000. Institutional investors and hedge funds own 74.73% of the company’s stock.
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SBUX stock opened at $77.76 on Thursday. Starbucks Co. has a fifty-two week low of $47.37 and a fifty-two week high of $78.80. The company has a debt-to-equity ratio of 7.73, a quick ratio of 0.67 and a current ratio of 0.94. The company has a market cap of $93.07 billion, a P/E ratio of 32.13, a PEG ratio of 2.15 and a beta of 0.51.
Starbucks (NASDAQ:SBUX) last posted its quarterly earnings results on Thursday, April 25th. The coffee company reported $0.60 earnings per share for the quarter, topping analysts’ consensus estimates of $0.56 by $0.04. Starbucks had a negative return on equity of 494.61% and a net margin of 11.87%. The business had revenue of $6.31 billion for the quarter, compared to the consensus estimate of $6.33 billion. During the same period in the prior year, the business earned $0.53 EPS. The firm’s revenue for the quarter was up 4.5% on a year-over-year basis. On average, equities research analysts forecast that Starbucks Co. will post 2.78 earnings per share for the current year.
The company also recently declared a quarterly dividend, which will be paid on Friday, May 24th. Investors of record on Thursday, May 9th will be paid a dividend of $0.36 per share. This represents a $1.44 dividend on an annualized basis and a yield of 1.85%. The ex-dividend date is Wednesday, May 8th. Starbucks’s dividend payout ratio (DPR) is currently 59.50%.
A number of equities research analysts have commented on the company. BidaskClub upgraded Starbucks from a “buy” rating to a “strong-buy” rating in a research report on Saturday, May 4th. Telsey Advisory Group reiterated a “market perform” rating and issued a $80.00 price target (up previously from $70.00) on shares of Starbucks in a research report on Monday, May 6th. Zacks Investment Research upgraded Starbucks from a “hold” rating to a “buy” rating and set a $86.00 price target on the stock in a research report on Wednesday. Citigroup upped their price target on Starbucks from $81.00 to $90.00 and gave the company a “buy” rating in a research report on Monday, May 6th. Finally, Stephens boosted their price objective on Starbucks from $65.00 to $72.00 and gave the company an “equal weight” rating in a research note on Friday, April 26th. One investment analyst has rated the stock with a sell rating, twelve have given a hold rating, fourteen have given a buy rating and one has issued a strong buy rating to the stock. Starbucks has an average rating of “Buy” and an average target price of $73.88.
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About Starbucks
Starbucks Corporation, together with its subsidiaries, operates as a roaster, marketer, and retailer of specialty coffee worldwide. The company operates in four segments: Americas; China/Asia Pacific; Europe, Middle East, and Africa; and Channel Development. Its stores offer coffee and tea beverages, roasted whole bean and ground coffees, single-serve and ready-to-drink beverages, iced tea, and food and snacks; and various food products, such as pastries, breakfast sandwiches, and lunch items.
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Starbucks Co. (SBUX) Stake Lifted by Squar Milner Financial Services LLC
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Wintrust Financial Issues Quarterly Earnings Results
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Life can be humdrum or thrilling, the world, all kinds of amazing. The Lufthansa campaign #LifeChangingPlaces spotlights three individuals and the places that became their own personal paradise – changing their lives.
LH.com/places
U.S. photographer
Chris Burkard
“They are where I became the person I want to be“: See how the Lofoten Islands changed Chris Burkard's life.
I am no freak, despite what several photographers may claim. I know how it feels when your body no longer obeys you, I have been lost in Arctic storms. All because I found the Lofoten Islands. Or they found me. I was a photographer from California, I traveled around, sunned myself on gorgeous beaches and photographed surfers beneath palm trees. But my feeling was: This can’t be it. Worse, even, I was bored. And then a friend told me about these Norwegian islands on the Arctic Circle. With a handful of surfers, in deepest winter, I flew into Unstad. It was supposed to be an experiment, but it ended up being much more than that. Never before had I seen an ocean so wild, mountains of such size or so rugged. The snow lashed down on us, everywhere mist, minus 23 degrees Celsius. We went into the water anyway; the others with their surfboards, I with my camera. I was fully conscious of Nature’s brutality – and still could not grasp that I was there. I knew that I had found my purpose. The pictures I took back to California had another value for me, a physical value. I had suffered and frozen for them, I had wrested them from that wild place. Since then, I have photographed in many hostile environments. I’ve been in Iceland and Siberia, in Chile’s mountains and in Alaska, but it’s to the Lofoten Islands that I am happiest to return. They are where I became the person I want to be. A freak, maybe, to those who venture nothing. But I can live with that. I am alive.
Photos: © Chris Burkard
English cook, writer, restaurateur
Thomasina Miers
© Marcus Nilsson/Gallery Stock
Photos: © Tara Fisher
It never occurred to me that I could become a chef. My school was very academic and there were certain expectations – and cooking was not deemed a suitable career. I did an accountancy scholarship in preparation for Oxford, but I really hated it. So I took off for Mexico. I had never traveled on my own, never been outside of Europe. That was when I first discovered Mexican food. It was extraordinary – and I had no idea it existed! I fell in love immediately. Back in London, I tried a few different careers in marketing, modeling and digital strategy. Eventually, I attended cooking school – and by then, I knew I had to go back to Mexico. So I did. I traveled around the country, went to the major food regions, Oaxaca, Yucatan, Veracruz, and worked with all kinds of people to learn everything about their incredibly diverse cuisine. In Mexico, each of the 32 states has its own cuisine and different ingredients – it’s the fifth most biodiverse country in the world! There are 200 varieties of chilies, scores and scores of varieties of corn, some of which are red or black or blue or white. Even the most experienced chefs in Mexico discover new things all the time. And none of this food was available in London! So in 2007, I opened my first restaurant in Covent Garden. Today, we have 25 restaurants across the U.K. Looking back, I am amazed that we survived. We were such a young team, but we were very passionate. We still are.
German ranger in Africa
Gesa Neitzel
How much of who you are is where you have been? See Gesa became a ranger in South Africa.
I was walking alone in the mountains in South Africa when I suddenly found myself face to face with an antelope. It simply stood and stared at me. When a wild animal looks you in the eye, all the barriers fall away that you have built around yourself. That’s how it felt to me, at least. It was as if this creature could see right inside me, as though it could read my mind. I was working in television at the time and living in Berlin – but I was unhappy, I felt like I was in a bubble. When things got bad, I used to go shopping. Deep down inside I knew things had to change. The New Year’s trip I took to South Africa with friends in 2014 changed everything. Walking through the wilderness was an entirely knew experience for me. I wanted nothing more than to be among the wild animals. I cried my eyes out on the flight back to Germany because I didn’t want to return to my old life. But I had already heard that you can train to be a ranger in Africa, and on the plane home, I decided that’s what I would do. I’m actually a ranger today. But best of all, I’ve finally found myself.and am am quite sure my future lies in Africa.
© Rafal Piotrzkowski/rafalpiotrzkowski/500px
They left Merano to seek their fortune in the big, wide world, but many creatives have now come home to South Tyrol.
“I have no time for social media”
Model, singer, Hollywood star and advertising icon: All of these and more, Scarlett Johansson talks about sci-fi and action movies, and her love of popcorn
Great white challenge
Can a single skier master a staggering 18 000-meter difference in altitude and 85 kilometers of downhill skiing in a day? We head to Arlberg in Austria’s largest ski area to find out
The Grand Palais in Paris is staging an exhibition (March 22 to July 31) of Rodin
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OT Baal-hermon, Site of Banias/Caesarea Philippi?
1 Chronicles 5 gives a summary of the settlement of the eastern tribes of Israel: Reuben, Gad and Manasseh. Verse 23 states, “Now the sons of the half-tribe of Manasseh lived in the land; from Bashan to Baal-hermon and Senir and Mount Hermon they were numerous.”
The ISBE has an interesting suggestion: “The Baal-hermon of 1 Ch 5:23 lay somewhere E. of the Jordan, near to Mount Hermon. It may possibly be identical with Bāniās.”¹
Caesarea Philippi/Banias. Some scholars identify this site with Old Testament Baal-hermon. Photo ©Leon Mauldin.
Our photo features Banias, better known to most Bible students as Caesarea Philippi, because it was in this region that Peter made his great confession of faith in Jesus as Messiah, the Divine Son of God, and Jesus promised to build His church (Matt. 16:13-20). On the lower left you can see the grotto of the god Pan, where idolatrous sacrifices were offered. To the right you can see niches carved into the face of the rock; these formerly contained idols. Banias/Caesarea Philippi is located at the foot of Mt. Hermon.
From here flows the Banias River, which merges with other sources to our south (about-face from perspective in photo).
Banias River, a major source of the Jordan. Photo ©Leon Mauldin.
We know that Banias/Caesarea Philippi was a site for pagan worship in the AD 1st century. There is evidence that this had been a center of idolatrous worship for centuries prior to Jesus’ ministry, reaching centuries back to Old Testament times.
Here are some further sources which suggest identification of Old Testament Baal-hermon with Banias/Caesarea Philippi (use of bold type for emphasis mine, LM):
“Baal-hermon . . . probably the present Bânjas, at the foot of Hermon.”²
“Baal-Gad—lord of fortune, or troop of Baal, a Canaanite city in the valley of Lebanon at the foot of Hermon, hence called Baal-hermon (Judge. 3:3; 1 Chr. 5:23), near the source of the Jordan (Josh. 13:5; 11:17; 12:7). It was the most northern point to which Joshua’s conquests extended. It probably derived its name from the worship of Baal. Its modern representative is Banias.³
Caesarea Philippi—a city on the northeast of the marshy plain of el-Huleh, 120 miles north of Jerusalem, and 20 miles north of the Sea of Galilee, at the “upper source” of the Jordan, and near the base of Mount Hermon. It is mentioned in Matt. 16:13 and Mark 8:27 as the northern limit of our Lord’s public ministry. According to some its original name was Baal-Gad (Josh. 11:17), or Baal-Hermon (Judg. 3:3; 1 Chr. 5:23), when it was a Canaanite sanctuary of Baal. It was afterwards called Panium or Paneas, from a deep cavern full of water near the town. This name was given to the cavern by the Greeks of the Macedonian kingdom of Antioch because of its likeness to the grottos of Greece, which were always associated with the worship of their god Pan. Its modern name is Banias. Here Herod built a temple, which he dedicated to Augustus Caesar. This town was afterwards enlarged and embellished by Herod Philip, the tetrarch of Trachonitis, of whose territory it formed a part, and was called by him Caesarea Philippi, partly after his own name, and partly after that of the emperor Tiberius Caesar.4
Click on photos for larger view.
¹Orr, J., Nuelsen, J. L., Mullins, E. Y., & Evans, M. O. (Eds.). (1915). Baal-Hermon. In The International Standard Bible Encyclopaedia (Vol. 1–5, p. 347). Chicago: The Howard-Severance Company.
2 Keil, C. F., & Delitzsch, F. (1996). Commentary on the Old Testament (Vol. 3, p. 442). Peabody, MA: Hendrickson.
³Easton’s Bible Dictionary. New York: Harper & Brothers.
This entry was posted on Friday, December 23rd, 2016 at 3:48 PM and is filed under Bible History and Geography, Bible Study, Caesarea Philippi, Israel, New Testament, Old Testament, photography, Travel. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. You can leave a response, or trackback from your own site.
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Tony Award®-winning Playwright David Henry Hwang to Succeed William Ivey Long as Chair of the American Theatre Wing
David Henry Hwang. Photo by Lia Chang
Congratulations to Tony Award®-winning Playwright David Henry Hwang, who has been elected the Chair of the American Theatre Wing. Having joined the board of the American Theatre Wing in 2009, Mr. Hwang will succeed current Chair costume designer William Ivey Long, who concludes his four-year term this year (the maximum number of consecutive years permitted). Mr. Long will maintain an active role in the Wing as he takes on the responsibilities as Immediate Past Chair.
Mr. Hwang will serve as Chair of the Wing’s Board of Directors, and will be joined by Co-Vice Chairs Natasha Katz, Marva Smalls, and Pamela Zilly; Treasurer James Higgins; Secretary Jane Fearer Safer; and Immediate Past Chair William Ivey Long. The Wing’s President and CEO Heather Hitchens recently completed her fifth full year in that role.
“I am honored to serve the American Theatre Wing as it celebrates a century advancing excellence,” said Mr. Hwang. “Through its wide range of programs and activities, the Wing supports the vitality and diversity of theatre in our nation. I will do my best to help build on this iconic legacy.”
David Henry Hwang is an American dramatist whose work includes the plays M. Butterfly, Chinglish, Yellow Face, Kung Fu, and Golden Child, as well as the Broadway musicals Aida (co-author), Flower Drum Song (2002 revival), and Disney’s Tarzan. America’s most-produced living opera librettist, he has written four works with composer Philip Glass, including 1000 Airplanes on the Roof. In September, the San Francisco Opera will present the World Premiere of Mr. Hwang and Bright Sheng’s Dream of The Red Chamber, helmed by Stan Lai. Mr. Hwang has won a Tony Award and three OBIE awards, and he has twice been a finalist for the Pulitzer Prize in Drama. His screenplays include Possession (co-writer), Golden Gate, and M. Butterfly. He is a writer/producer for the TV series The Affair, and he is currently developing an original series, Shanghai. Mr. Hwang won the 2011 PEN/Laura Pels Award, the 2012 Inge Award, the 2012 Steinberg “Mimi” Award, a 2014 Doris Duke Artist Award, and the 2015 IPSA Distinguished Artist Award. He attended Stanford University and Yale Drama School and was recently the Residency One Playwright at New York’s Signature Theatre. Mr. Hwang holds honorary degrees from Columbia College, Chicago, Dr. of Letters, 1998; American Conservatory Theatre, MFA Acting, 2000; LeHigh University, Dr. of Letters, 2011; USC, Dr. of Literature, 2013; SUNY Purchase College, Dr. of Fine Arts, 2015; and received a Dr. of Letters from Williams College earlier this month. He directs Columbia University’s School of the Arts M.F.A. program in playwriting.
President Falk (center in purple and black robe) with honorary degree recipients Sarah Bolton, Eric Carle, Bryan Stevenson, Frank Deford, Elizabeth Kolbert, David Henry Hwang, Carrie Hessler-Radelet and Leehom Wang at the Williams College 227th Commencement Exercise on June 5, 2016. Photo courtesy of Williams College/Facebook
David Henry Hwang, Leehom Wang, Bryan Stevenson, Elizabeth Kolbert, Sarah Bolton, Eric Carle, Frank Deford, Carrie Hessler-Radelet Receive Honorary Degrees from Williams College
“As the Wing’s Chief Executive Officer for the last five years, I have been extremely fortunate to be able to work hand in hand with two extraordinary chairs, William Ivey Long and Ted Chapin, who both elevated and advanced our work and programs,” said Ms. Hitchens. “David Henry Hwang is an exceptional artist and advocate, and I am thrilled that he will be by my side as we lead the Wing to even greater heights.”
New appointments to the American Theatre Wing’s Advisory Committee include Robyn Coles, Alia Jones-Harvey, Lucy Liu, Patti LuPone, Charles Tolbert, Liesl Tommy, Sergio Trujillo, and Lia Vollack.
About The American Theatre Wing
For nearly a century, the mission of the American Theatre Wing has been to serve and support the American Theatre by celebrating excellence, nurturing the public’s appreciation of theatre, and providing unique educational and access opportunities for both practitioners and audiences.
Best known for creating The Antoinette Perry “Tony” Awards®, now presented with The Broadway League, the Wing has developed the best-known national platform for the recognition of theatrical achievement on Broadway. Yet the Wing’s reach extends beyond Broadway and beyond New York, with educational and media work that offers the very best in theatre to people around the world. In addition to its various media programs and a host of other online resources, The Wing sponsors many activities, all dedicated to recognizing excellence and supporting education in theatre. The Wing’s programs include the Theatre Intern Group, a career development program for young professionals; SpringboardNYC, a two-week college-to-career boot camp for young performers moving to NYC; and the Jonathan Larson® Grants, given annually to honor emerging composers, lyricists and book writers.
Visitors to americantheatrewing.org can listen to, watch or download from the Wing’s extensive media collection, and learn more about all of its programming for students, aspiring and working professionals, and audiences who want to learn more about the making of theatre. Follow the Wing on Facebook.com/TheAmericanTheatreWing and Twitter.com/TheWing.
San Francisco Opera to Present World Premiere of Bright Sheng and David Henry Hwang’s ‘Dream of The Red Chamber’, helmed by Stan Lai, Sept. 10 -29
Opera Theatre of Saint Louis Presents 2018 World Premiere of ‘An American Soldier’ by David Henry Hwang and Huang Ruo
Tony Award winning playwright David Henry Hwang’s Commencement Speech at SUNY Purchase
Click here for more articles on David Henry Hwang.
This entry was posted on June 28, 2016 by Lia Chang in Asian American Artists, Entertainment, New York, Press Release, Theater and tagged (MOCA), 2012 Steinberg “Mimi” Award, 2014 Doris Duke Artist Award, Aida, Alia Jones-Harvey, American Theatre Wing, Asian American, Asian American Playwright, ASIAN-AMERICAN ACTORS, Backstage Pass with Lia Chang, Charles Tolbert, Chinglish, David Henry Hwang, James Higgins, Jane Fearer Safer, KUNG FU, Lia Chang, Lia Vollack, Liesl Tommy, Lucy Liu, M. Butterfly, Marva Smalls, Museum of Chinese in America, Natasha Katz, New York Council for the Humanities, Pamela Zilly, Patti LuPone, Robyn Coles, Sergio Trujillo, Tarzan, The Affair, Tony Award Winning Playwright David Henry Hwang, William Ivey Long.
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MCCARTHY: The case for ‘ranked-choice voting’
Ryan McCarthy, Columnist|December 6, 2016
Photo by Amy Elliot-Miesel
The 2016 election was a stark reminder that our electoral process is broken. The winner of the electoral college has lost the popular vote and ascended to the presidency four times in American history. Voter turnout in the most consequential election in decades was only 58.8 percent, and many were displeased with the two choices our party system presented us with.
Many people consider these problems a consequence of the electoral college, especially after this past election. However, although that system is also undemocratic, many of these problems are largely due to the archaic process in which we elect our representatives. Nearly every election in the United States uses a first-past-the-post (FPTP) winner-take-all system. Under FPTP, the winner of the plurality of the vote is the sole winner of an election.
FPTP is one of the reasons turnout is so low. In my home state of Maryland, it is extremely difficult for a Republican to win a statewide race. The current Republican governor, Larry Hogan, is more moderate than most Maryland republicans. The less moderate Republicans are not well-represented because the winner-take-all system forces a strategic nomination of the least conservative Republican to avoid losing to a Democrat. As a result, many voters do not show up to support a candidate they’re unenthusiastic about, or one who they think has little chance of winning. It does not have to be this way.
In November, Maine narrowly affirmed Question 5, a ballot measure establishing ranked-choice voting in statewide elections. Ranked-choice is simple: instead of choosing one candidate, voters rank the candidates in preferential order. The candidates with the least support are eliminated and the votes cast for them transfer to each voter’s second choice candidate. This continues until a candidate has a majority, not a plurality, of the vote. So why should we switch to this system?
First of all, it removes the “spoiler effect,” one of the largest deterrents from voting for a third-party candidate. Didn’t like Trump or Clinton? With ranked-choice voting, you could have voted for someone who more accurately reflected your views without having to worry about electing the greater of two evils. Essentially, the necessity of strategic voting disappears.
It also forces candidates to receive a mandate in order to achieve office. For instance, under FPTP, Candidate A receives 30 percent of the vote, Candidate B receives 28 percent and Candidate C receives 42 percent. Even though 58 percent of the people voted for a different candidate, C is still the winner. What’s worse, the majority of B voters say that A was their second choice.
If this same election were to happen with ranked-choice, Candidate B would be eliminated and his or her votes would transfer to the voters’ second choice. This ensures that the winning candidate has more support than opposition.
If ranked-choice voting is paired with multi-member districts instead of the single-member legislative districts we currently have, it can eliminate gerrymandering, the process of manipulating district boundaries to benefit one party over another. More seats in larger districts means more candidates, greater choice and more accurate representation of a district’s voters.
A more representative government benefits everyone: Republican, Democrat, Libertarian or Green. Higher citizen turnout and satisfaction offers legislators more freedom to collaborate outside of their parties. If the last eight years have shown us anything, they have shown that hostile partisanship clogs the gears of the legislature.
I think the reason liberals were so upset about the 2016 election had less to do with the fact that Trump won, and more to do with the mechanics of his victory. His margin of victory was so small (less than 100,000 votes in three states) that it is hard for some to imagine that Stein and Johnson voters would not have preferred Clinton (although this is simply unprovable).
In the short term, ranked-choice is not feasible at the federal level. It would require a constitutional amendment with two-thirds ratification from the states. However, Maine’s leadership is a step in the right direction. If we want to increase engagement, satisfaction and turnout in our elections, we must implement ranked-choice at the state level.
Tags: 2016 election, Donald Trump, Hillary Clinton, ranked-choice voting
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Breaking boundaries with storytelling
Reporter Nathan Desutter attends Ex Fabula's Mission Week event
Nathan Desutter, A&E Reporter|February 9, 2017
Ex Fabula's event sought to create dialogue amoung individuals of all backgrounds.
Photo by Yue Yin yue.yin@marquette.edu
Upon arrival, I found a quiet table off to the side to enjoy my provided dinner thinking I would remain in solitary. However, I was soon approached by a friendly group of three students wanting to connect. A few minutes later another group of three joined and, finally, one visitor from the Milwaukee community. Before I knew it, my quiet, little table now consisted of two Muslims, five Christians, one Methodist and a plethora of engaging dialogue about race, religion and justice.
This is the goal of Ex Fabula: to bring individuals from all backgrounds together by telling stories, and surrounding tables were no different from my own. Regardless of age, race, sex or religion, everyone’s story was welcome in this warm and friendly environment.
Speakers and listeners alike dropped their daily worries to attend Mission Week’s storytelling event hosted Wednesday night by Ex Fabula. Seven individuals were welcomed to share their experiences with incarceration.
Megan McGee, the events organizer and executive director of Ex Fabula, expressed the importance of listening to the stories of the marginalized. The Milwaukee based storytelling group is committed to the strengthening of community bonds through the art of sharing personal tales of struggle, triumph and discovery.
“It’s hard to hear from the incarcerated population because of a lot of people are locked away. So, it becomes easy for us to ignore those stories,” McGee said. “If Mission Week is about caring for each other, then we really have to care about the people who have the most barriers to success.”
The first story came from Minister William Harrell, or as he introduced himself, inmate 387520.
He gave a harrowing indictment of the Milwaukee Secure Detention Facility (MSDF), its safety and the dangerous outcomes for some of the inmates. But, halfway through, his tone shifted to an uplifting story of hope regarding his formation of various bible study groups, renewed faith in God and planned petition to shut down MSDF for good.
Linda Pozen, a sophomore in the college of Arts & Sciences, labeled Harrell’s speech as the most inspiring.
“It weighed heavily on me,” Pozen said. “Getting the perspective of formerly incarcerated people (first hand), how it has effected them and how it is to live in the community was something I wanted to hear.”
A later story came from a Marquette senior in the College of Arts and Sciences, Alex Krouth.
Alex Krouth, a senior in the College of Arts and Sciences, shared her experience with Project RERUN, a Milwaukee nonprofit.
Though she has never been incarcerated, she has had an up close view of the injustices in the system. As an intern for Project RETURN, a nonprofit organization focused on allowing men and women leaving prison to make a positive impact on society, she has visited prisons, worked with clients and written grant proposals.
“I thought it was really cool to share my experience because it’s not something I’d really ever gotten to do before,” Krouth said. “Marquette can be a bubble, and sometimes you don’t get to see what is a huge problem in Milwaukee. So, to venture out and see something new, it helped me grow as a person.”
Sara Manjee, a freshman in the College of Business Administration, volunteered for the event. Beyond watching the seven stories scheduled in to the presentation, she learned this event was about communication.
“I came to Ex Fabula initially because I was really attracted to the theme of Mission Week, black, white and the calling of the social justice,” Manjee said. “But, when I found out more about it, I realized it’s more about us talking, coming together and creating a dialogue.”
Dialogue was encouraged by audience written “ultra shorts.” Delivered between the main presentations, these one-to-two sentence blurbs allowed inclusion of everyone’s journey and pushed previously quiet listeners to be storytellers.
Manjee said these stories showed the interconnectedness of people and stressed the importance of the ultra shorts, citing one as the most impactful thing she heard all night.
“‘They go out as human beings, and they come out as animals,’ that’s what struck me,” she said. “How do we change the views and values of the common people who are here?”
A good question and one that, for some, is hard to answer. However, getting involved may not be as hard as it seems. Krouth encouraged students who are interested by anything they hear in class to put aside fear and go experience it for themselves through volunteering, even if it is only once.
“Mission week is about loving people who others wouldn’t normally jump to and it’s about bringing awareness to an issue to students who might not usually see it,” she said. “To see people all come together tonight and support people who don’t normally get support really tied into [the theme of Mission Week.]”
Tags: Alex Krouth, Ex Fabula, Linda Pozen, Megan McGee, Milwaukee Secure Detention Facility, Minister William Harrell, Mission Week, Nathan Desutter, Project RETURN, Sara Manjee
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THE PARTHENON IN PRINT
The Parthenon
Conference USA Tournament
MU Report
Unity Month showcases MLK’s impact through discussion, march
Hanna Pennington, Reporter|April 5, 2018
Unity Month at Marshall University kicked off Wednesday afternoon with a collection of speeches commemorating Martin Luther King, Jr. on the 50th anniversary of his assassination and a march through Huntington from campus.
Speakers reflected on where they were and what they were doing when King was shot on April 4, 1968.
Burnis Morris, associate professor of journalism and mass communications, said people across the nation and all over the world speak of King on personal terms and share special relationships with him, despite never meeting him face-to-face.
“We could think of no better way to commemorate his life than to let people we know and respect share their innermost thoughts about Dr. King with us today,” Morris said.
Marshall President Jerry Gilbert grew up in Mississippi and said he remembers the assassination from the perspective of a white thirteen-year-old boy.
“We were young people of Mississippi, we were living in a state of injustice, racism, and separation; blacks were not equal to whites,” Gilbert said. “There were laws to keep us from interacting with black people, less we might discover the myths about them were untrue. So, it was in this environment that I heard the news of King’s death.”
Gilbert said his immediate reaction was shock and disbelief that another assassination had occurred in the United States, as President John F. Kennedy’s assassination was still fresh in the minds of most citizens.
“Then my reaction was fear: ‘this is going to ignite a race war that will tear this country apart,’” Gilbert said. “Then there was shame, shame that the people in our country could allow differences to escalate to the murder of a man just because he was black and he spoke out for justice. We knew deep down that all the misinformation we heard about blacks being unequal was untrue, we knew that, but we were too afraid to speak up. As I grew older I found my voice and was able to speak out and use my voice for the civil rights movement. We owe a huge debt to Dr. King, how he helped make America a better place. He truly worked to make America great.”
Maurice Cooley, associate vice president for Intercultural Affairs and graduate of Marshall University, said he grew up in a primarily black community and was a sophomore in college at the time of King’s assassination.
“Marshall had about 35 black students at the time, most of those were black athletes,” Cooley said. “That was such a unique time to go to college, because it was in the heightened stage of the civil rights movement. The Vietnam War was going on. The freedom movement was going on. There were hippies, they were smoking pot, the Black Panther party was going on, all of this was going on every day in America on national TV.”
Cooley said living in Huntington during this period of segregation was tough, since it was not yet socially acceptable to integrate with white people.
“We worked hard; we were so excited as black people to be in a college in 1966,” Cooley said. “That was the emergence of black people going to predominantly white colleges in the early- to mid-‘60s, that’s when we started to come,” Cooley said. “During this time, we were elevated by what Dr. Martin Luther King down in Atlanta was doing for us. We didn’t know, was King the right guy? Was the Black Panther party, they were militant, is that the right way to do that? It appeared to us that the movement was greater because he had a peaceful way of going about it.”
Cooley said he is thankful for King’s influence, which caused him to work hard and focus on his responsibilities.
Sandra Clements, former city council member, said she grew up in a black neighborhood in Huntington, where the doors were never locked and residents never felt endangered.
Clements was nearing the end of her second semester at Marshall when King’s assassination occurred.
“I wasn’t surprised, but I was scared,” Clements said. “What happens when you kill someone who looks like me who’s leading a movement? What do you do? As I watched the news in nights to come, I watched as people began to burn things, to riot, and I thought, ‘what happens to me and my neighborhood?’”
Clements said despite her fear of the future, she used King’s message as a way of life.
“What King stood for was alleviating injustice,” Clements said. “No matter how big or how small, that has to be what we take from his life. Everybody that I come in contact with, I want to make life better for them. That is my job, that is what Dr. Martin Luther King said that I needed to do, and that’s what I will do.”
The commemoration speeches were followed by a Unity March from the Memorial Student Center to the A.D. Lewis Center led by Kelli Johnson, co-director of the president’s Commission on Diversity, Equality and Inclusion.
Hanna Pennington can be contacted at [email protected]
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The student news site of Marshall University
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Tweetups Can't Touch Facebook Flashmobs
By Jennifer Van Grove 2009-02-09 13:15:13 UTC
If you thought Tweetups were viral and picking up steam, you'll never believe what one Facebook member was able to accomplish with a simple idea, a Facebook group, and proactive friends and friends of friends.
On January 15, T-Mobile filmed a commercial with people dancing at the Liverpool Street Station in London. After watching the ad on television, Facebook member, Crazzy Eve, created the group "Liverpool Street Station Silent Dance" to organize something similar for friends.
Here's the choreographed dancing that inspired it all:
In an interview with CNN, Crazzy Eve said, "I was watching TV and the T-Mobile advertisement came up and I thought, hm, let's get my friends down to Liverpool Street and do a little dance."
In true viral fashion, the group grew astronomically as he invited his friends, who then invited their friends, and so on. Video and photo footage from the "silent" dance can be found across the Web, including the actual Facebook group and YouTube. The clip below captures the enormity and intense energy of the event.
The group, which now boasts over 14,000 members, completely took over the same Liverpool station on Friday night in a not-so-silent countdown to 7pm and subsequent dance mob of remarkable size.
The event was so successful that there's another one planned for this upcoming Friday the 13th, at Trafalgar Square.
Facebook photo credit: Mathea Von Beg
Topics: Facebook, flashmob, Liverpool, silent street dance, Social Media
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Little Universe
fledgling thoughts in philosophy
A Wonderful Idea: Metagrammatical Numbers
Apply Cantor’s diagonal argument to the list of describable numbers, and one arrives at a description of a number which is not describable. A paradox? Not at all. Merely proof that higher orders of description exist. That is, some numbers are metagrammatical. They can be described and computed to arbitrary precision, but necessarily the description is meta to whatever grammar one begins with. This is delightful!
Details: We call a number describable if it can be described by a finite expression, with a specified alphabet and a specified grammar, which decides how to compute the number from the description if it is grammatical, and discards expressions which are not grammatical (i.e., we are using ”grammar” to mean both what is admissible as a description, and given an admissible description, what is the protocol to compute the number which is described). For example, consider the set
With this set we can describe every rational number, since we can write a rational number as an expression using just these 5 characters. (If we are careful we can get rid of the parentheses). The grammar throws out nonsensical expressions like , and computes the others. Allowing iterative operators (e.g., ), quantifiers ( ), a countable number of variable ( ), et cetera, we get descriptions of algebraic numbers and a lot of common transcendental numbers. Still, even with a countable alphabet we can enumerate the number of finite strings of characters, so that the set of describable numbers is countable. This is not too surprising, but if you have never thought about it, it is worth pondering. This set of numbers is a field, for example, and not a trivial example either! Indeed (almost) all numbers that are useful at all are describable. Of course, picking one at random (with equal distribution) is impossible, so probabilists, among others, demand the existence of indescribable numbers.
Let us make a list of all descriptions on the left hand side of our paper, and on the right we will make the corresponding list of numbers, written in binary (which frequently do not terminate, but that’s allowed). Now we’ll construct a number, , that can be computed but is not on our list. Let have as its th diadic (“diadic” is like “digit” but for base two and not base ten) a 0 if the th description has a 1 in its th diadic, and a 1 if the th description has a 0 in its th diadic. That is, go down the diagonal of the list of numbers and make the number which has switched each diadic in the diagonal. Have we not described ? But it cannot be on our list, since it differs from every number on our list in at least one diadic.
The point is we can never nest a description of a grammar within the grammar itself, although we can nest one grammar inside another. If we could nest a grammar inside itself, we could, in grammar , write the description
the th diadic of this number is the opposite (base 2) of the th diadic of the th description in ,
and we would have produced the paradoxical situation of having a number which both is and is not on a countable list.
More specifically, let some huge be the number in an ordering of , so that the th description is the one in the above blockquote, and let it correspond to the real number , which it describes. If such a description can be written, it must be written in a finite number of characters, and so there must be some such number . Now we ask what is the first diadic in ? No problem, our grammar just asks itself what the st diadic in the first description is, and adds 1 (mod 2) to it, next it asks what the nd diadic in the second description is, and adds 1 (mod 2) to it. Eventually it gets to and it asks itself about the th description, but the th description requires it make a list of the first descriptions to get to the th diadic in that number, so the grammar tries to reference itself, and in doing so must reference itself again, in a nested infinite recursive loop. So forget about the fact that the grammar is paradoxically trying to switch one of its own diadics. Forget the paradox that the number is both on and not on the countable list. The first problem is that the grammar goes into an infinite recursion.
In fact, lets go back and do the same thing except instead of switching the th diadic of the th describable number, we use the th diadic of the th describable number as the th diadic in our number, say . Can you think of a more agreeable number to have on our list? could be any of the countable numbers on our list. Suppose it is the th number. What does it have for its th diadic? Well, either 0 or 1, since this number must merely be equal to itself. But then is not describable, since its description does not produce a unique value!
This is, essentially, how one approaches the Berry Paradox. In short,
definable in this system
is just never a logical definition (or clause thereof) in that system.
However, once we agree on what a definition or a description is, then these examples tell us that there are deterministically producible, unambiguously definable, finitely expressible numbers and strings which can only be expressed with a grammar meta to the one first chosen.
What a delight!
1 Comment | Mathematics | Tagged: cantor, grammar, logic, Mathematics, paradox | Permalink
Posted by Andrew L. Marshall
What is Universal?
Nothing is. (rather, there does not exist something which is universal).
Universality is a partial order (see previous post), which orders according to ability to be translated without significant loss of meaning. The statement “I am hungry” is more universal than the statement “Mayor Madison manufactured a million magnesium missiles” for a variety of reasons. First of all, the context of the second statement demands an understanding of what a mayor is. We’ve had similar town officials in most civilized regions and times, but the meaning changes significantly if we go far enough back, or far enough away. Next, Madison is a name. This is more or less arbitrary; unless of course you know that the Madisons are a particular family with a particular public standing. “Manufactured” cannot exactly translate to “made,” so context requires understanding of post-industrial revolution production. Similarly with “missiles.” “Magnesium” will not translate easily to a society without a periodic table of the elements, and even “million” is inexplicable to a primitive tribe with a number system consisting of the four quantities {1, 2, 3, many.} Et cetera. Furthermore, the sentence strikes any English speaker as having been concocted to alliterate. Therefore, it can be argued that this is part of its meaning, so that translation to a foreign language becomes much more difficult. On the other hand, every society on earth has a word (or hand signal) for “hungry” and in particular some way to declare being in this state (regardless of whether the subjective pronoun is explicitly used). (Think, also, of different ages of individuals, or different levels of accessibility: an uneducated child has a way of saying the first sentence, no way of even understanding the second).
Context, in the above paragraph, is at the scale of societies of humans. We also can speak of the context of certain species. “I am hungry” can be translated to the lexigram language of the bonobo monkeys, whereas we doubt that it’s even meaningful to consider translating this to something a tree would understand (“understand”?!). We can go in the other direction too, of specificity. I can create words I never share with anyone, which refer to complex memories or particular synesthetic experiences such as a smell which reminds me of a shade of brown. Now the problem of translation is between individuals and not societies or species.
We can arrange academic disciplines according to this partial order. I contend that physics and mathematics are more or less at one end and poetry and film theory are at the other. Not that there couldn’t be personal theories which are significantly less universal than film theory, I believe there are. Nor that there might not be some way of understanding the universe which is more universal than mathematics, but this is much harder to conceive of, indeed an example would most illuminating!
Here I must warn myself that things are not as easy as a partial order, exactly. Advanced mathematics is not very universal in the context of the human race. So here what appear to be most universal are simple statements, referencing basic animal desires. Still if we are to find any common ground with an alien species, especially one that can traverse great distances of intergalactic space, we assume they have a language for expressing “a^N+b^N=c^N, a,b,c,N positive integers, has solutions only for N=1,2”, (which neither the bonobo nor the hobo do (though the hobo could be taught, which is a form of translation)) before we assume they can relate to “hunger.” I.e., on a grand scale, universality is not about accessibility, but about the ability to be translated between contexts which arose more independently.
(I am willing to admit this may not be the best definition of universal. It seems there are qualities and states such as pain and pleasure, experience, and desire that are arguably more universal than particle physics. There is probably a lot more to say here, but I haven’t thought it out).
I am interested in the common ground which is necessary for translation–those suppositions which some discipline is predicated on–as a measure of that discipline’s universality. Literary theory, for example, requires not only experience with the texts but also the cultural and historical context to parse what has been written. Chemistry, on the other hand, is predicated on the identification of elements and distinguishing elements from the molecules they form. Mathematics is predicated on the notion of a collection of things and on the simplest possible relationships and patterns common to different situations: number, order, position.
How then could I claim mathematics is not universal? the child/monkey/homeless man example is one direction to go. We could even conceive of an alien race who appear to be technological but who have no explicit mathematics, surely. A more interesting direction to substantiate this claim: we can consider mathematics a tool to compensate for weakness. In this way we can argue that mathematics belongs only to the context of beings that need to recognize common patterns in different situations.
This point is subtle but worth investigating. Nor does it make mathematics very context-dependent. But it does suggest “universal” may not be a quality at all (in that nothing can posses universality), but necessarily only some sort of partial order.
How could mathematics be a tool to compensate for weakness? It can be argued that a great deal of our faculty for analysis originated in the survival mechanism of thinking something out, conceiving of a plan, understanding the nature of animals and plants and ourselves. Also of communicating the results of thinking things out. Of having language for any and all thoughts. If there was never a necessity of survival to communicate we wouldn’t have theories, as we do. Could a creature evolve such that it was able to perform seemingly mathematical or technological feats without having a theory of same? well of course! the birds have no theory of flight, yet to us this is a feat requiring great skill in mathematics and physics. Could the equivalent of flying birds exist, but instead as interplanetary flight? There is no reason why not. Even more so, could it be possible that a creature exists not merely born with an instinct to perform a specific, highly skilled action, but with a subconscious mind that does all the learning and processing and inventing, while a conscious mind observes only desires and suffers a very limited vocabulary, much like a child? This is entirely conceivable. One such creature builds the first space shuttle and upon being asked the question “why?” it says “well tommy built an airplane, it flies, so I wanted one too, but one that goes out into space.” Upon being asked the question “how?” I suppose it says something like “well it has to be able to go fast, and made from really good stuff,” all other details being obvious and trivial, and interpolated with the advanced instinct these creatures have.
So perhaps it is not as simple as a partial order, after all. My theory of consciousness as a partial order may have fallen apart, as well, though I have an idea to resurrect both, in new and more robust form! That’s for next post, but now I’ll conclude with God’s lack of mathematics.
It seems reasonable to talk about God as some sort of limit (in the mathematical sense) of the partial order of consciousness. Little omega, a limit ordinal. Still the singularity of God’s mental capacity puts God in a completely solitary context. I don’t buy the model of God and humans as actors with free will, capable of interacting and learning from each other. It makes no sense to me. An omniscient being has no need for communication, does not answer questions. I don’t know, this area is difficult because the concept of omniscience isn’t even comprehensible, may not even make sense at all. Still, to the extent it does make sense, recognizing patterns is not a necessity of such a creature. That is, if you know everything, you have no need to identify the commonalities between different atoms and classify them all according to a model atom and call them “atoms.” Instead you have every possible nuanced difference of matter available to your imagination, and you observe the universe without any reason to compare atoms, since no two are alike anyway. Interestingly, I imagine a sequence of creatures which converge to this God, and each has more and more theories and levels of mathematics and abilities to identify patterns, yet in the limit all these dissolve. Though, as I’ve suggested here, there are probably other sequences of creature which converge to the same God, without language or theories. At some point you have to know all the theories of mankind, possibly all the possible theories, since this is arguable anything in the universe which can be known.
Leave a Comment » | Philosophy | Permalink
Consciousness is a Partial Order
I will now state the obvious about consciousness in animals:
Consciousness is not exclusive to human beings.
This seems absolutely obvious to me, though some disagree. The argument for consciousness in other animals goes something like this:
Begin with Descartes’ skepticism: we know only that we are conscious; we cannot be certain that other humans think as we do. Next, we grant the possibility that other minds do think as we do AS we notice a remarkable fact: if other minds do in fact think, then they must perceive us similarly to how we perceive them. That is, although others are but images, sounds and textures to us, we would be similar images, sounds and textures to the minds within others, were these minds to think as ours does. From this perspective it is entirely reasonable to believe that other humans are conscious. (A super genius is more justified to be a solipsist, perhaps, but most of us are not).
To extend this to some non-human we still require some behavior on its part that we relate to: a behavior which, in us, is correlated to some thought, feeling or idea.
An example used in the philosophy of mind is the example of a dog chasing a squirrel. The squirrel jumps behind a tree just as the dog’s view is obscured by a bush. Then the dog runs to the tree and starts jumping against the trunk, barking up into the branches. In this case we say the dog thinks the squirrel is in the tree. It is less a statement about knowing what is going on in the mind of the dog and more a statement about recognizing and relating to motivation and intention, in noting to some extent the dog behaves as we do. Not entirely, but so much more than the tree or the rocks in ground, of which we can only figuratively ascribe intentions to. It is not figurative to say “the dog wants to catch the squirrel.”
This example can also substantiate the claim that some linguistic capability exists in other animals (without mentioning signing chimps or talking African gray parrots). With some mental conception of the world, e.g., having a concept of a squirrel or a concept of tree, we can argue that the dog has a linguistic representation of the world, although the language hasn’t matured to the point of being used for communication.
That consciousness exists in nature in more or less a continuum, which extends from flies to philosophers, is obvious to me. There exists a postmodern trend to challenge linear, hierarchical, simplified models, as well as anthropocentrism. In the case of consciousness I think the anthropocentric view is warranted. Also, a partial order exists, whereby we rightfully say “the dog is more conscious than the fly,” “the philosopher is more conscious than the dog,” (and ergo the philosopher is more conscious than the fly, but we knew this). Still we find that the dog and the cat have different ways of thinking, and frequently it is hard to compare the two with a binary, so instead we will say consciousness exists as a partial ordering, both on the set of species and on the set of individuals.
Some have argued that animals operate according to instinct alone, whereas humans have a second level of thinking called the conscious state. These people are misguided. The distinction between instinct and consciousness is difficult to pinpoint in humans, instead these terms are useful only in recognizing that certain thoughts and actions of humans seem much more automatic (e.g., catching a dropped egg), or cannot be fully explained (e.g., not trusting a new acquaintance), or are explained in terms of a primitive desire becoming dominant (e.g., as one might explain an act of adultery, “…I couldn’t help myself”). The distinction in humans between instinct and not-instinct is not clear. Nor do we believe that a human engaging in an act of instinct is temporarily unfeeling (the adulterer is capable of much feeling during the “helpless to raw desire” episode).
But what do they mean, “all animals act according to instinct alone”? This is to say the behavior of animals indicates that both slugs and chimpanzees act according to the same natural mechanical drive, whereas humans are radically different. This is clearly false. If a plague had wiped out all animal species but homo sapiens before the advent of language we might be in a place today to assert “consciousness is unique to humans; in fact humans are radically different from every other form of life we know of.” But this is not the case! We see facets of our own consciousness in the behavior of plenty of species of animals, be it language, community, desire, pain, capability to learn, etc.
The other problem with having such a blunt definition of instinct is that it cheats animals, each species, of having nuanced levels of consciousness. Indeed, a dog knocking a table out of the way to move through a doorway is less instinctual than is the decision to pee in 10 places instead of just one. Dogs have thoughts and actions which can be described as more instinctual or less instinctual, and this is a finer, more useful definition of instinct, than is “all animals act according to instinct alone.”
Of course, if consciousness is a partial order on the set of species then humans are the maximal element, and as such it is easy to distinguish this species from others, by defining instinct to be the level of consciousness strictly less than that of humans. This arbitrary distinction does not change the fact, argued above, that animals exhibit plenty of evidence for thinking in ways similar to how we think.
One thing that is particularly interesting in acknowledging the partial ordering of consciousness is the possibility for creatures which are greater than human. As I see it there is no finite limit to this ordering either. We can always conceive of a creature whose language is richer than ours, whose memory is fundamentally keener, with emotional states that make Mozart’s passion for music look like a cow’s desire for grass.
This leads me to the next assertion, slightly less obvious or well formed: intelligence is to the fine tuners at the base of the violin, as consciousness is to the tuning pegs. They are really the same thing, but on different scales. A topic for another post…
Leave a Comment » | Philosophy | Tagged: Animal, Consciousness, Instinct, Intelligence, Partial Order | Permalink
Extra Reality
A being will be called extra-reality if it is ultimately imperceptible to humans.
Prototype: Pacman lives on screen, pacman is sufficiently advanced to discover fundamental laws of universe:
Power pellet grants invulnerability for time t, inversely proportional to level of advancement.
I travel at a constant speed, can stop only head on into a wall, etc.
Now, this fictitious pacman must be an early success of A.I, if it can analyze its own universe and deduce natural laws. However, I ask, is it possible for the pac creature to further deduce how it came into being, what programming language it is written in, which country the hardware is housed in, or even what a country is? If it is capable of growing in intellect and knowledge should it someday be able to accurately describe the motivations that drove some human programmer to give it life?
I’ll depart momentarily to discuss the problem with induction in the foundations of science, as I see it.
Science is a game of bouncing back and forth from deduction to induction and back.
Observe. Abstract. Deduce. Predict. Observe.
The laws that are abstracted and function to predict and explain are discovered, and then reinforced, by observation. If a theory fails, it is modified or replaced. Then science never makes the statement “prediction P MUST be true,” but rather “if P is not true, our theory must be altered or replaced.” So questions of “why” can never fully be answered. Answers to “why” follow from deduction: a woman sitting in a cardboard box, left with nothing but canned food, water, and a few axioms of set theory, emerges after some months and surprisingly has theorems in mind that coincide with ours on the outside world. She follows deductive reasoning, concludes *[your favorite theorem]* MUST be true. In the process she has answered the “why,” as well.
But science cannot be practiced in this way. Each “why” demands another level of mystery, and until things become fairly reliable, really anything can happen. We need to observe in order to induce. But then anything that is beyond our ability to observe is beyond our induction, even if the phenomenon is causally relevant to that which we can observe.
For example? Pacman! It may very well be the case that the reason pacman exists is that a programmer was obsessed with mazes, early video games, and artificial intelligence and therefore created the pondering pacman. Pacman’s story of his own origins might include this fact, except for the fact that pacman was made in an entirely formal universe, which might have had a million different origins, each ridiculously distinct. So really the best pacman can do is say “space is black, the pellets are white, there are never more than 150 small pellets on a board,…,and there may be many things outside this universe, but we will never know.” As useless as that last statement is it is certainly more profoundly true than “…, and that is the entire grand unified theory of the universe and everything.”
At this point I may have a reader who is concerned I am working up to an argument for Intelligent Design. This would be unjustified guilt by association. Instead the reader may safely infer I think staunch atheists are fools, and flaunting a serious lack of imagination is something I find irritating if not just boring. I do insist that any reasonable philosopher can entertain ideas of creation without falling into religion’s old clichés , but that is not my point to make today.
[to be continued…]
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PC Mag Middle East | Authors | M. David Stone
M. David Stone
Lead Analyst Printers, Scanners & Projectors
M. David Stone is an award-winning freelance writer and computer industry consultant. Although a confirmed generalist, with writing credits on subjects as varied as ape language experiments, politics, quantum physics, and an overview of a top company in the gaming industry. David is also an expert in imaging technologies (including printers, monitors, large-screen displays, projectors, scanners, and digital cameras), storage (both magnetic and optical), and word processing. He is a recognized expert on printers, well known within the industry, and has been a judge for the Hewlett-Packard HP Invent Awards.
His more than 30 years of experience in writing about science and technology includes a more than 25-year concentration on PC hardware and software. He has a proven track record of making technical issues easy for non-technical readers to understand, while holding the interest of more knowledgeable readers. Writing credits include nine computer-related books, major contributions to four others, and more than 4,000 articles in national and worldwide computer and general interest publications. His books include The Underground Guide to Color Printers (Addison-Wesley) Troubleshooting Your PC, (Microsoft Press), and Faster, Smarter Digital Photography (Microsoft Press).
Much of David's writing has been for PC Magazine and PCMag.com. He has been a frequent contributor since 1983, a Contributing Editor since 1987, and Lead Analyst since 2004. His work has also appeared in a number of other print and online magazines and newspapers, including Wired; Computer Shopper, eWeek, and Science Digest, where he was Computers Editor. He also wrote a column for the Newark Star Ledger for several years.
Non-computer-related work runs the gamut from the Project Data Book for NASA's Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite (written for GE's Astro-Space Division) to occasional science fiction short stories. (His work has appeared in Analog.) After being born in and spending most of his life in or near New York City, David moved to Pennsylvania several years ago, but still considers himself a New Yorker, and refuses to give up the New York area code on his cell phone.
Articles by M. David Stone
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New Dietary Guidelines continue to support 100% Orange Juice
prnewswire January 7, 2016
BARTOW, Fla., Jan. 7, 2016 /PRNewswire-USNewswire/ — Released Thursday, the 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommends consumers shift to a healthier eating pattern that includes more nutrient-dense fruits and vegetables, while limiting the amount of added sugar.
According to the report, naturally occurring sugars, such as those in Florida Orange Juice, are not added sugar and 100 percent fruit juice can be consumed within recommended amounts in place of sugar-sweetened beverages, where the majority of added sugar consumed by Americans originates.
Further, the report indicates that 100 percent fruit juice, such as orange juice – which has no added sugar, continues to count as a fruit serving along with fresh citrus, and other fresh, canned, frozen and dried fruit to help consumers meet fruit intake recommendations.
“At a time when the majority of Americans are not consuming enough fruit, 100 percent orange juice, which has no added sugar, can play a vital role in a healthy diet, as supported by the 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines,” said Shannon Shepp, executive director of the Florida Department of Citrus. “Our mission remains focused on educating consumers about the nutritional benefits and great taste of Florida Orange Juice while underscoring the importance of healthy choices in all aspects of life. We look forward to incorporating the updated recommendations in our future work.”
Published by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services and Department of Agriculture, the Dietary Guidelines are updated every five years and provide the basis for all federal nutrition recommendations and guidance. The Dietary Guidelines also direct the consumer-focused MyPlate program, a visual tool used to illustrate the five food groups of a healthy diet and their serving sizes.
The 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines recommend consumers continue to center on a healthy dietary pattern that should focus largely on plant-based foods such as fruit, vegetables, whole grains, legumes and nuts. It also suggests consumers limit the amount of added sugars in the diet to less than 10 percent of calories per day. The natural sugar found in 100 percent orange juice would not be included in the added sugar limit.
Orange juice can deliver key nutrients identified by the Dietary Guidelines as nutrients of public health concern due to low consumption, including potassium as well as calcium and vitamin D, which is featured in fortified juices.
“The new Guidelines provide a framework for Americans to make healthier food choices,” said Gail Rampersaud, a registered dietitian nutritionist at the University of Florida. “Including fresh citrus and 100 percent citrus juices helps meet fruit and key nutrient intake recommendations.”
An 8-ounce serving of 100 percent orange juice provides a substantial number of nutrients per calorie including 100 percent or more of the Daily Value of vitamin C, as well as folate, and potassium.
The Florida Department of Citrus partnered with the USDA’s Center for Nutrition Policy and Promotion, which leads the MyPlate program, last year to help promote a healthy diet that reflects the recommendations of the Dietary Guidelines for Americans.
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The new Lamborghini Huracán EVO launch in Thailand
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Bangkok, Thailand, 22 March 2019 – Lamborghini Bangkok by Renazzo Motor Co., Ltd. (a part of Sharich Holding Group), sole authorized dealer of Lamborghini cars in Thailand, organized the launch of the new Lamborghini Huracán EVO super sports car with a luxurious design and V10 engine providing top performance through Lamborghini Dinamica Veicolo Integrata (LDVI), a CPU controlling the performance of 4-wheel-drive system and rear-wheel drive model with accuracy from the movement of the car, to improve its driving responsiveness and granting the driver complete control over every aspect of the car’s movement. Furthermore, the car features a new aerodynamic design that is five times more efficient than ever. To make new headways in the luxury sports car market and to serve the lifestyle demands of true fans of Lamborghini, the launch event was held at Lamborghini Bangkok on Vibhavadi Rangsit Road.
Mr. Matteo Ortenzi, Chief Executive Officer at Automobili Lamborghini Asia Pacific says: “The Huracán EVO is the very definition of evolution as it’s a step ahead in terms of redefining the segment parameters. Equipped with the finest and the purest, the Huracán EVO has already piqued the interest of Lamborghini owners in Asia Pacific. It is remarkably easy to drive, while delivering the most responsive, sensory and agile driving experience, in every environment.”
Apichat Leenutaphong, CEO, Renazzo Motor Co Ltd. says: “Thailand’s super luxury sports car market has continued to grow, therefore, the company decided that it was time to unveil the latest model of Lamborghini Huracán EVO, a super sports car with the latest V10 engine that offers 640 hp. Huracan Evo is filled with technologies that make the driving experience more pleasurable and responsive to every aspect of modern lifestyles”.
The performance of the Huracán is not only equipped with 640 hp and 600 Nm torque, but also the latest infotainment technology available today including an 8.4” infotainment touchscreen. It is embedded in the center console to make it easy to control everything literally at the touch of one’s fingertips including car seat controls, air-conditioning, and even controlling the LDVI system in real time as it has connectivity, making it directly linked to Apple CarPlay, as well as having connections to the web radio, video players, giving voice commands to Siri, dual-camera touchscreen, telemetry recording and analysis, and even a hard disk with ample storage capacity.
The Lamborghini Huracán EVO is also hailed the newest icon of the raging bull stable because it is truly unique in offering owners a customised choice of colours for both its interiors and exteriors. Its luxurious interior remains functional with the latest lightweight alloys such as Lamborghini’s patented Carbon Forged Composites which is only manufactured at each customer’s orders, at prices starting from 24,590,000 million baht.
The Huracán EVO features the 5.2 l naturally-aspirated Lamborghini V10 engine, uprated to produce higher power output and an emotional and powerful sound, with Titanium intake valves and refined lightweight exhaust system. The Huracán EVO outputs 640 hp (470 kW) at 8,000 rpm with 600 Nm of torque delivered at 6,500 rpm. With a dry weight of 1,422 kg the Huracán EVO reaches a weight-to-power ratio of 2.22 kg/hp, accelerates from 0-100 km/h in 2.9 seconds and from 0-200 km/h in 9.0 seconds. Braking from 100 km/h to 0 is achieved in just 31.9 m, with a top speed of more than 325 km/h.It is more efficient than ever when driving with a dynamic automated Torque Vectoring System that allows the driver to control the car speed regardless of road conditions. It also includes a new feature that is the heart of this model and core to improving its performance, namely the Lamborghini Dinamica Veicolo Integrata (LDVI), which uses a Central Processing Unit to analyse and assess conditions to allow the driver more control over the environment, creating the ultimate driving experience.
There is also the Lamborghini Piattaforma Inerziale (LPI) system which assesses the speed and angle of the care to maintain its balance and dynamism at all times. This is an upgrade of its efficacy to version 2.0 of the previous model as it was developed precisely to improve its dynamism and accuracy as every single shift and movement of the chassis is monitored in real time.
The car also has a better traction control system that renders it more stable when setting off in addition to keeping its balance at all times, and preventing the car from sliding out of control when taking on curves. The new Lamborghini Dynamic Steering (LDS) system has a new Rear-Wheel Steering system to improve the level of control.
Aficionados of the raging bull can experience this new level of luxury in heart-stopping style with the newest super sports car at Lamborghini Bangkok, the largest and most completed showroom and service center in Asia Pacific on Vibhavadi Rangsit Road. Moreover, true blue Lamborghini fans can see the Lamborghini Huracán EVO firsthand at the 40th International Motor Show 2019 held at Challenger Hall 1-3, Impact Muangthong Thani from 27 March to 7 April 2019.
Lamborghini Media Center
Lamborghini Huracán EVO Launch
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RIP James Horner: 1953-2015
James Horner, probably the most well-known (by cumulative work and by reputation) Hollywood music composer of the last several decades not named John Williams, is reported dead in a plane crash earlier tonight.
He leaves behind a legacy of work that includes such iconic film scores as STAR TREK II: THE WRATH OF KHAN, ALIENS, FIELD OF DREAMS, TITANIC, BRAVEHEART, APOLLO 13, GLORY and AVATAR; along with less well-known but highly-regarded scores for KRULL, THE ROCKETEER, WILLOW and dozens of others.
Horner was also credited as co-songwriter of several massively-popular songs tied to feature-scores, including “Somewhere Out There” from AN AN AMERICAN TAIL and the Celine Dion megahit “My Heart Will Go On” from TITANIC. Horner was 62.
Two Guys You’ve Never Heard of Will Direct and Star In MARVEL (and Sony’s) New SPIDER-MAN
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BS: The Mother of all BS threads
Rapparee 23 Aug 12 - 10:35 PM
Amos 23 Aug 12 - 09:34 PM
gnu 23 Aug 12 - 06:29 PM
Little Hawk 23 Aug 12 - 04:35 PM
Stilly River Sage 23 Aug 12 - 04:16 PM
Amos 23 Aug 12 - 11:51 AM
Rapparee 23 Aug 12 - 10:25 AM
GUEST,Chongo Chimp 22 Aug 12 - 12:21 AM
Little Hawk 21 Aug 12 - 09:51 AM
Stilly River Sage 19 Aug 12 - 10:41 AM
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Subject: RE: BS: The Mother of all BS threads
From: Rapparee
Date: 23 Aug 12 - 10:35 PM
Oopsy. I meant LUSK, Wyoming. There is no Lust in Wyoming. I mean, there is no town Lust. Er...you know what I mean.
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Hi, Mom! The Army said I was too old to re-up, so I stampeded their horses, spiked their guns and went AWOL. I'm now in Lust, WY, just up the road from Lingle. Casper tomorrow.
From: Amos
A chocolate arm, and a chocolate leg
Are sure to build up flab
And costly both they're sure to be
In Stilly's chocolate lab!
Where chocolate dreams, they all come true,
And no-one ever fears,
And bunnies from the chocolate lab
Keep both their chocolate ears.
For just one time, before you pass,
ANd they lay you on the slab,
You really must pursue your dreams
At Stilly's chocolate lab!
From: gnu
Cost an arm and a leg? It can.
From: Little Hawk
I didn't think they needed a lab to make chocolate! I was under the impression it was a relatively simple process. It's a wonder the stuff doesn't cost an arm and a leg.
More I think on it, the more the similarities become apparent between Rapp and a chocolate lab. For example, you give a chocolate lab to a six year old, first thing he's gonna do is eat off the ears on it. Same with Rapp.
From: Stilly River Sage
He has a sense of guilt like my chocolate lab has a sense of guilt - caught in the act and if I use "that" tone of voice (the one that turns my pit bull into a quivering groveling puddle of pup) he gives a MICRO expression that says "well, yeah, maybe" and then he's back to his old open gregarious "what, who me?" expression.
Unless he became stricken with an overwhelming sense of guilt!
Date: 23 Aug 12 - 11:51 AM
Hell, the jail hasn't been buit would hold Rapparree for long. For one thing,k he hasm't even GOT long.
Besides, he'd have to invent a jail to hold himself, and as the solipsist king of All Universes, he would obviously never be so cruel on himself.
Now I'm off to Ft. Laramie. I decided to re-enlist.
I'm free! Released with a full pardon! Free! All I had to do was spill my guts about Chonga Chimp! And Amos! And for some reason they also want gnu and LH, so I sold y'all down the river! Hahahahaha!
Oh, man, Rapp is being sent down for unnatural acts??? Holy Moly!! That's hard time, especially in a crossbreed town like Laramie!
From: GUEST,Chongo Chimp
You'll never catch me makin' insensitive statements like that! ;-D Ook! Ook! So...are they gonna put you in solitary, Rap, or chuck you in a cell with a buncha father rapers?
- Chongo
I'm in Laramie and I have to go to prison tomorrow for violations of the Man Act, specifically, acting like a man. Wyoming isn't known at "The Equality State" for nothing...and all I did was say something about women not being able to hold their liquor like a man can. I never got the chance to finish and say, "...no, they hold it better." WHAM! 271 days in solitary on stale bread and moldy water.
Ah...brilliant and heroic verse! Truly, the art of the Bard is not yet dead, but lives on in San Diego.
There is a man you hear about
Where folks are making free,
He comes from Pocateloo,
An' his name is Rapparee
And he hasn't got much money
But he doesn't just much care,
'Cuz the thing he likes to do the best
Is put out that hot air.
I made friends with Rapparee
And I took him on for fair
And we'd spar and banter loudly
'Til the quiet folks would stare
He would put out lists of sources
Of repute, renown and fame,
ANd was often known to post them up
Signed by someone with his name.
He would generate translations
From the Aramaic tribe
Or the Mandarins of China
FUll of hexadecimal jibe
And he'd fill you with quotations,
Boys it's wholly plain to me
That there never was a scholar born
Could BS like Rapparee.
Well we tried to make him quiet, boys
But he argued in a way
That drove the MOAB upward
To the realms of Fifty Kay
And if BS overwhelms me,
And I'm ever forced to flee,
Lock the leather mask upon his face,
But give Stilly Sage the key.
Arduino Mayquer
Novo Ballads of the Novo Oueste
Braken, Wynde, and Denayenit, Chicago, 1976
YEah...don't show it to Rapparee--I wouldn't want to discourage him!
Wow! Someone snapped a photo of Amos after one of his kayak trips. Look at those arms! (From here).
How clever, LH! They'll be miles away before they get drunker and forget the whole thing.
"Just a bunch of crabby old men sitting around gossiping about the past and glumly working on their mug of beer while they watch the world change inexorably outside the walls of their mouldering little fortress of memories."
See you in a bit.
You and I ain't gonna be as lucky as the chimp... Health Canada don't cover that shit.
True. There are few creatures more intense and determined than a dog protecting its home.
The Legionaires have gone. I bribed them by signing over this lovely offer I had from some kindly person in Nigeria (a Prince, no less!) to pay me 10% of their 185 million dollars if I just help them transfer the funds to my Canadian bank for some minimal transfer charges...a mere few thousand dollars. ;-)
They all went off, happy as can be! They're going to divide it up equally and refurbish the Legion Hall.
The dachshund bark should alert any invaders that their case is hopeless. My friend Susie (injured in January, almost back to herself now, but weak on the left side, kind of like a stroke) has a min pin at her house now. It is a step down from the 75-lb Labrador retriever (who now lives at my house), but this 13-lb dynamo has a piercing little bark that echoes at the door - alerting all to his size, but that doesn't work against him because it also conveys his passion for defending his house. I'm sure it is similar with your pooch.
That is soooo cute! What a lovely story.
Meanwhile... Help! My house has been surrounded by a geriatric mob of enraged Orillia Legionaires. I have barricaded the doors and windows here. The Dachshund is in a barking frenzy. We are preparing to repel boarders!
I know I have been harsh on Chongo and called him a worthless son of a bitch, and I was wrong. I have now learned he was only adopted, and not the natural offspring I had taken him for. Beart in mind these photos were from before he turned out bad, but still...
And it could happen to US! Yes, indeedy. It's not easy to grow old gracefully. I have nothing but admiration for those who do.
Ha! Chongo's life is far more vivid than the life at that silly legion.
Listen, I know. I've seen the Legion in my own town and other towns around here. Just a bunch of crabby old men sitting around gossiping about the past and glumly working on their mug of beer while they watch the world change inexorably outside the walls of their mouldering little fortress of memories. Ugly furniture, poorly maintained display cases with military memorabilia, poorly built models of World War II airplanes and ships by local amateur modelers, tarnished old medals once given for deeds long forgotten, old ladies with purple-tinted hair and those hideous glasses that come to points at the sides, the smell of stale beer and ancient tobacco patina all over everything...
Yuck.
Don't be fooled by his threats; he's just jealous that Chongo doesn't get into anything as vivid.
Well, shortly I'll be off. Ta until this evening, unless I do something sooner. You can never tell.
Feel free. At the Legion Hovel it would be like a breath of fresh air.
You know, man, it makes me feel sick hearing about the Legion Hovel. It's awful. You gotta stop posting about it or I will start writing posts here about Shane's socks and underwear.
I don't know nothing about that stuff either. I usually don't shoot anything bigger than, say, a Honda Fit. Gotta keep the ol' shootin' eye sharp!
Speaking of which, there was a shooting at the Legion Hovel last night. Seems like True Blue Red White got into it with Blacky Kohl. Blacky shot his mouth off, and so did TBR. Bartender finally used a bung starter to quiet both of 'em down and they went to sleep in each others arms like a pair of unwashed, unchanged babes.
A... no, of course not the violin! I am not daft.
Cop? Chief. But, apparently, he's no marksman. Jeeps are bigger than the targets I am used to. Not really fair game IMO. Then again, shootin yer gun from inside a closed gun case isn't sumpin I know a lot about.
I'm not suicidal. I understand that she's a pretty fair shot AND her husband's a cop. Besides, I prefer a revolver, and I'm not taking anything like that with me. Perhaps to Getaway, but not on this trip.
Yep. Same one. Part of this Quilt Shop Hop thing is in Torrington, home to The One And Only Sorcha.
Rain? Pray tell, dear Stilly, what this "rain" is for it has been foreign to us.
Just don't hit the violin....
"Might even see Sorcha." If that's the Sorcha who makes the best Elderberry Jam in the world and you get a clean shot, take it.
Of course I don't mean that literally. If you get even a reasonable view, empty the clip.
Safe travels, all! And some day, make it all of the way to Texas. The Brooks clan was here this week.
Wonderful heavy rain yesterday - so today I must find and drain all standing water. You may have heard that we have West Nile in the area. Not around here so much, but it can move, I imagine. I'll make the area inhospitable with dry planters and mosquito dunks.
Tomorrow, then, the Bold Booqueman of Pocatello is heading out, bound east to penetrate the empty rolling hills that cuddle up to the grand Tetons and surround places like Laramie and Caspar, CHeyenne and Sheridan, where the ten-gallon hats go all the way to eleven.
Let us hope he may return unscathed by the noble savages, the wild scalpers, frontmen, hucksters, sharps and cutthroats of the irremediably vicious and violent indigenous Homo Blanco population.
How fitting and appropriate that such a fine numerical accomplishment should quietly be swept up by our most gracious sib, the impeccable Big Sis of the MOAB.
ANd to think, only three hundred more posts will see us to the next of K! It is really amazing--the perseverance, the spirit, the drive, the undaunted intransigence of the sons and daughters of our noble house! I raise my glass to Mom and all her various and sundry sibs, some of whom are more sundry than others...
Okay, who'll it be?
Monday we're a-headin' fer Wyomin'. Might even see Sorcha. Gonna visit the Cheyenne Social Club and other storied places. Ft. Laramie. Gonna do Encampment on another trip.
Cool... and, thanks.
gnu - I may be able to help you, specially if they are USA coins, as I'm more knowledgable about those. If they're gold or silver coins, I can definitely find out what they're worth, providing I know the condition they're in. The best thing is probably if you send me some photos and a detailed description of the dates, mint marks, etc. I'll pm you my email address and you can follow up on that.
Gold and silver bullion have gone way high in price in the last year, so it's probably a good time to cash in on old coins in those metals...although one can never be certain whether the value will still keep going up. The most well-informed people I know think gold and silver are over-priced right now and heading for a correction...but no one knows that for sure. Gold is at about $1600/oz now, down from a high of almost $1900 last year, and silver's at about $28/oz...which has put the raw bullion value of a lot of collector coins above the old collector value of same. Chris at the coin shop thinks gold ought to be priced at about $1200 at best right now if it were being priced realistically.
The really crazy thing is, though....no one can ever be 100% positive where the trend is going to go. It depends on a lot of unpredictable factors.
Most coins of circulated types from the last eighty years are of very little value, I was sorry to find out. We had about three kilos of them handed down in a shoebox from my father in law, including some interesting prewar francs, some Japanese Occupation army scrip, a whole kaboodle of pence and shillings, and some Chinese coins from before the Revolultion; somehow none of them appraised for much. We gave them to my son for safekeeping to start his son's collection, if he grew up to be interested.
LH... perhaps you could help me with the value of some coins. Maybe pics could work? if you have time. Of course, if they are worth anything, I'll give you a cut. Maybe ship them to you and you give me a cut? Just a few weeks ago, I found a 100 Franc (French) coin which is, alas, now worthless.
It's a quiet, lovely, balmy morning in Southern California. My great excitement is that yesterday I received my new Allen&Heath ZED-10FX Mixer and have wrangled my way through the forest of buttons and knobs enough to get it to record and playback via my media Mac running SoundStudio. No small feat considering how little I really know about the intricacies of sound engineering. I have a pro coming Sunday to walk me through optimizing the recording session.
I just got off the phone with a friend in the Bay Area (see, I really do know people in California besides Amos!). I haven't spoken with her in several years -- she went through some VERY tough time and is now in a powered chair. I got in contact again with her because her father died just last week -- a true legend Back Home, he was. She was also working for AIG when AIG fired everyone and then went under...they had literally begged her to come back to work there.
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Mudcat time: 18 July 12:04 PM EDT
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Māori mega scholar is the next Axworthy Lecturer
Posted on: 03/29/18 | Author: Communications | Categories: All Posts, Community, Feature Story
WINNIPEG, MB – UWinnipeg is excited to announce that the upcoming Axworthy Distinguished Lecture will be given by world renowned Māori scholar Dr. Linda Tuhiwai Smith of Aotearoa (New Zealand) on Saturday, April 7, 2018 at 3:00 pm at the Winnipeg Art Gallery (WAG).
Prior to the lecture there will be a special tour of INSURGENCE/RESURGENCE, the WAG’s largest exhibition of contemporary Indigenous art to date, from 1:30 – 2:30 pm. The tour will be led by co-curators Dr. Julie Nagam, UWinnipeg Chair in the History of Indigenous Art in North America — a joint appointment with UWinnipeg and the WAG — and Jaimie Isaac, WAG Curator of Indigenous and Contemporary Art. These events are co-sponsored by the WAG. Jaime Isaac is the Curator of indigenous and contemporary art
“To have Dr. Smith is an honor for both UWinnipeg and the Winnipeg Art Gallery,” shared Nagam. “We are thrilled to host her during the final month of INSURGENCE/RESURGENCE and continue an international Indigenous dialogue. This Maori megastar has contributed to all of the fields in the humanities and social sciences as she wrote the landmark book Decolonizing Methodologies, which has been instrumental in Indigenous scholarship for almost 20 years.”
Recently noted at the Fulbright Symposium in Kona, Hawaii this past March, the exhibitions and over indigenization of the WAG has invoked all 25 calls for decolonizing research methods suggested by Smith.
“It is extremely timely that we will host Dr. Smith in our territory to continue this decolonial dialogue and transformation,” continued Nagam.
UWinnipeg will honour Smith with a Special Convocation on Friday, April 6, 2018 at 12:30 pm in Convocation Hall, 3rd floor, Wesley Hall with an Honourary Doctor of Laws.
All these events are free and open to the public.
The Axworthy Distinguished Lecture Series on Social Justice and the Public Good, established to honour Dr. Lloyd Axworthy, Former President of the University of Winnipeg, invites front-ranking speakers to the University of Winnipeg to deliver free lectures open to the public. Past Distinguished Lecturers include Jane Goodall, Edward Snowden and Cornel West.
Dr. Linda Tuhiwai Smith is an internationally accomplished scholar and researcher who has worked in and influenced the field of Māori education and health for many years. Her groundbreaking book Decolonising Methodologies Research and Indigenous Peoples (1998) remains an international best seller, translated into Spanish, Chinese, Arabic, Italian, and Bhasa Indonesian. This seminal work is a foundational resource for critiques of the existing relationship between dominant institutional research protocols and Indigenous knowledge systems. It has led to many other authors publishing books that guide students, both Indigenous and non-Indigenous, today and into the future.
Smith is herself widely published in numerous journals and books. She continues to inspire Indigenous thinkers to become scholars of their own epistemologies, and to recognize and relearn that Indigenous peoples need to lead research based on their own traditional ways of inquiry.
Smith has held several positions, including the founding Co-Director of the Maori Centre of Research Excellence, the Pro-Vice Chancellor Māori and Dean of the School of Māori and Pacific Development at the University of Waikato in New Zealand. She is currently Professor of Maori and Indigenous Studies at the University of Waikato.
Smith has received many awards for research excellence and contribution to Maori education. In 2013 she was honoured as a Companion of the New Zealand Order of Merit for her services in education and to Māori people. She was made a Fellow of the Royal Society of New Zealand in 2016. In 2017 she received the Prime Minister’s Award for Lifetime Achievement in Education.
With her colleague and husband, Professor Graham Smith, she co-developed the first undergraduate and graduate courses on Māori education and Indigenous education to be taught at a New Zealand university.
Smith provides an invaluable reference point for any institution committed to Indigenizing its spaces and approaches to scholarship. She has called out clearly for academic institutions to recognize that Indigenous knowledge(s) should not be subordinate to dominant scholarly knowledge(s), but rather must be respected as parallel ways of knowing.
The Axworthy Distinguished Lecture Series on Social Justice and the Public Good invites front-ranking researchers, social commentators and political leaders to the University of Winnipeg to deliver free lectures open to the public. The Axworthy Lecture Series has been established to honour Dr. Lloyd Axworthy, Former President of the University of Winnipeg.
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