text stringlengths 4 7.07k | text_hash stringlengths 32 32 | __index_level_0__ int64 1 1.81M |
|---|---|---|
First @-@ line treatment of AML consists primarily of chemotherapy , and is divided into two phases : induction and postremission ( or consolidation ) therapy . The goal of induction therapy is to achieve a complete remission by reducing the number of leukemic cells to an undetectable level ; the goal of consolidation... | 83e01b0e6d48c056d458905fedf122ca | 4,081 |
= = = Induction = = =
| d6a925343be0a6825aa91de914c1cd97 | 4,083 |
All FAB subtypes except M3 are usually given induction chemotherapy with cytarabine ( ara @-@ C ) and an anthracycline ( most often daunorubicin ) . This induction chemotherapy regimen is known as " 7 + 3 " ( or " 3 + 7 " ) , because the cytarabine is given as a continuous IV infusion for seven consecutive days while ... | cd7589a302428cb2bd30b2d541d276d1 | 4,085 |
The M3 subtype of AML , also known as acute promyelocytic leukemia ( APL ) , is almost universally treated with the drug all @-@ trans @-@ retinoic acid ( ATRA ) in addition to induction chemotherapy , usually an anthracycline . Care must be taken to prevent disseminated intravascular coagulation ( DIC ) , complicatin... | fab93d2836f6569d5a00ff368eb497f7 | 4,086 |
The goal of the induction phase is to reach a complete remission . Complete remission does not mean the disease has been cured ; rather , it signifies no disease can be detected with available diagnostic methods . Complete remission is obtained in about 50 % – 75 % of newly diagnosed adults , although this may vary ba... | 8bd9807accf7fc8c4aa893d1610696d8 | 4,087 |
= = = Consolidation = = =
| 2cbf1aba22f2a5b773f5473547549d4e | 4,089 |
Even after complete remission is achieved , leukemic cells likely remain in numbers too small to be detected with current diagnostic techniques . If no further postremission or consolidation therapy is given , almost all people with AML will eventually relapse . Therefore , more therapy is necessary to eliminate nonde... | 934964fa0e30d998c2fc76e11c8cd104 | 4,091 |
The specific type of postremission therapy is individualized based on a person 's prognostic factors ( see above ) and general health . For good @-@ prognosis leukemias ( i.e. inv ( 16 ) , t ( 8 ; 21 ) , and t ( 15 ; 17 ) ) , people will typically undergo an additional three to five courses of intensive chemotherapy ,... | 72d9ca5a509856e544723d37124edc47 | 4,092 |
For people who are not eligible for a stem cell transplant , immunotherapy with a combination of histamine dihydrochloride ( Ceplene ) and interleukin 2 ( Proleukin ) after the completion of consolidation has been shown to reduce the absolute relapse risk by 14 % , translating to a 50 % increase in the likelihood of m... | 13a252b54fe1feaf4ca92814159987e1 | 4,093 |
= = = Relapsed AML = = =
| 9802faea70cb4fd1d8ed99c1862e6c9a | 4,095 |
For people with relapsed AML , the only proven potentially curative therapy is a hematopoietic stem cell transplant , if one has not already been performed . In 2000 , the monoclonal antibody @-@ linked cytotoxic agent gemtuzumab ozogamicin ( Mylotarg ) was approved in the United States for people aged more than 60 ye... | f7aa0f1579e26cb2b408ebc4c5a55560 | 4,097 |
Since treatment options for relapsed AML are so limited , palliative care or enrolment in a clinical trial may be offered .
| 5ee5e1bf0dbb0d94c9be54f90ee96024 | 4,098 |
For relapsed acute promyelocytic leukemia ( APL ) , arsenic trioxide is approved by the US FDA . Like ATRA , arsenic trioxide does not work with other subtypes of AML .
| 6e14ca83f5d02ab97b3db80f799bd15f | 4,099 |
= = Prognosis = =
| 14c9106555a656af95b51d8e0ee2c561 | 4,101 |
Acute myeloid leukemia is a curable disease ; the chance of cure for a specific person depends on a number of prognostic factors .
| a6dd3d4a2aa2d84c90fc646259b2b5e7 | 4,103 |
= = = Cytogenetics = = =
| 5b2523fdb0c5170069aed06452b95bac | 4,105 |
The single most important prognostic factor in AML is cytogenetics , or the chromosomal structure of the leukemic cell . Certain cytogenetic abnormalities are associated with very good outcomes ( for example , the ( 15 ; 17 ) translocation in acute promyelocytic leukemia ) . About half of people with AML have " normal... | b6d458518a976b68ac26615b91c803c7 | 4,107 |
The first publication to address cytogenetics and prognosis was the MRC trial of 1998 :
| 982fa13ecf5e547c9cd6acad94404a7b | 4,108 |
Later , the Southwest Oncology Group and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group and , later still , Cancer and Leukemia Group B published other , mostly overlapping lists of cytogenetics prognostication in leukemia .
| 35633a035ceb7a0ab94150aabe8a2af6 | 4,109 |
= = = Myelodysplastic syndrome = = =
| f2bfa36a997ca8db37332ab08e43e35f | 4,111 |
AML which arises from a pre @-@ existing myelodysplastic syndrome ( MDS ) or myeloproliferative disease ( so @-@ called secondary AML ) has a worse prognosis , as does treatment @-@ related AML arising after chemotherapy for another previous malignancy . Both of these entities are associated with a high rate of unfavo... | 24047d78c758548438c05f0cc1f3f272 | 4,113 |
= = = Other prognostic markers = = =
| e43341278251341c0df86dc57c072453 | 4,115 |
In some studies , age > 60 years and elevated lactate dehydrogenase level were also associated with poorer outcomes . As with most forms of cancer , performance status ( i.e. the general physical condition and activity level of the person ) plays a major role in prognosis as well .
| 5500f088319018017efca26bd158ba1a | 4,117 |
= = = = Genotype = = = =
| 32e0256b6f10d5be042c986630b1a62e | 4,119 |
A large number of molecular alterations are under study for their prognostic impact in AML . However , only FLT3 @-@ ITD , NPM1 , CEBPA and c @-@ KIT are currently included in validated international risk stratification schema . These are expected to increase rapidly in the near future . FLT3 internal tandem duplicati... | 271820e3c308b63f100a7777582eaaaa | 4,121 |
Researchers are investigating the clinical significance of c @-@ KIT mutations in AML . These are prevalent , and potentially clinically relevant because of the availability of tyrosine kinase inhibitors , such as imatinib and sunitinib that can block the activity of c @-@ KIT pharmacologically . It is expected that a... | ed04097309f5fc4fbc10d72d29bfa2e6 | 4,122 |
= = = Expectation of cure = = =
| d3d8cef1363f68078626ab78264359ef | 4,124 |
Cure rates in clinical trials have ranged from 20 – 45 % ; although clinical trials often include only younger people and those able to tolerate aggressive therapies . The overall cure rate for all people with AML ( including the elderly and those unable to tolerate aggressive therapy ) is likely lower . Cure rates fo... | 9d7ecb83dfcb0ed9e9d7bb23cea0048c | 4,126 |
= = Epidemiology = =
| 2a6e11a56c74db42c2c7456b47b2bcbe | 4,128 |
Acute myeloid leukemia is a relatively rare cancer . There are approximately 10 @,@ 500 new cases each year in the United States , and the incidence rate has remained stable from 1995 through 2005 . AML accounts for 1 @.@ 2 % of all cancer deaths in the United States .
| e098bcd417821fc7e23865ad0c982c48 | 4,130 |
The incidence of AML increases with age ; the median age at diagnosis is 63 years . AML accounts for about 90 % of all acute leukemias in adults , but is rare in children . The rate of therapy @-@ related AML ( that is , AML caused by previous chemotherapy ) is rising ; therapy @-@ related disease currently accounts f... | f76b5d00348cad0bb83e795798a40dc3 | 4,131 |
There is some geographic variation in the incidence of AML . In adults , the highest rates are seen in North America , Europe , and Oceania , while adult AML is rarer in Asia and Latin America . In contrast , childhood AML is less common in North America and India than in other parts of Asia . These differences may be... | 00fd49fb42d7c24a9f0899d2038f6e9c | 4,132 |
= = = UK = = =
| 057ea38143f5d9cf77b41f53b9abddca | 4,134 |
AML accounts for 34 % of all leukaemia cases in the UK , and around 2 @,@ 900 people were diagnosed with the disease in 2011 .
| 666c02a629cd13c64505aaab0b8a0ff6 | 4,136 |
= = History = =
| fd3fc667e330e6e3944a4f085f9ef39d | 4,138 |
The first published description of a case of leukemia in medical literature dates to 1827 , when French physician Alfred @-@ Armand @-@ Louis @-@ Marie Velpeau described a 63 @-@ year @-@ old florist who developed an illness characterized by fever , weakness , urinary stones , and substantial enlargement of the liver ... | 18c9bfacbf2633239e28e456f51ed853 | 4,140 |
The term " leukemia " was coined by Rudolf Virchow , the renowned German pathologist , in 1856 . As a pioneer in the use of the light microscope in pathology , Virchow was the first to describe the abnormal excess of white blood cells in people with the clinical syndrome described by Velpeau and Bennett . As Virchow w... | 54c73a4454a6cc6c93215294210d6d51 | 4,141 |
Further advances in the understanding of acute myeloid leukemia occurred rapidly with the development of new technology . In 1877 , Paul Ehrlich developed a technique of staining blood films which allowed him to describe in detail normal and abnormal white blood cells . Wilhelm Ebstein introduced the term " acute leuk... | da6622d7f7a3365e96503c542229376c | 4,142 |
In 2008 , AML became the first cancer genome to be fully sequenced . DNA extracted from leukemic cells were compared to unaffected skin . The leukemic cells contained acquired mutations in several genes that had not previously been associated with the disease .
| d07fc06159b5f82919bbca7f33d5898c | 4,143 |
= = Pregnancy = =
| 219d06a4fb626aa0a4334b68e142ac05 | 4,145 |
Leukemia is rarely associated with pregnancy , affecting only about 1 in 10 @,@ 000 pregnant women . How it is handled depends primarily on the type of leukemia . Acute leukemias normally require prompt , aggressive treatment , despite significant risks of pregnancy loss and birth defects , especially if chemotherapy ... | bff5c91b0980e3b96e18b64299df3e89 | 4,147 |
= Love Me Like You =
| 003e07629f48c167ec7e133c6a03d670 | 4,150 |
" Love Me Like You " is a song recorded by British girl group Little Mix for their third studio album , Get Weird ( 2015 ) . The song was released on 25 September 2015 , as the second single from the album . Produced by Steve Mac , he co @-@ wrote the song with Iain James , Camille Purcell and James Newman . Backed by... | 95bf767165121090e978767748ecc096 | 4,152 |
Critical response to " Love Me Like You " was positive : critics praised its vintage style and highlighted it as an album standout . It reached number 11 on the UK Singles Chart and has been certified gold by the BPI . The accompanying music video for the song was set at a high school dance . Unbeknownst to each membe... | a1c9faec11a0441d2dba23ce5d31124f | 4,153 |
= = Background and release = =
| deb4ccadb4a86600fa655bc2f9e63622 | 4,155 |
" Love Me Like You " was written by Steve Mac , Camille Purcell , Iain James and James Newman for Little Mix 's third studio album , Get Weird ( 2015 ) . It was published by Rokstone Music Ltd. under exclusive licence to BMG Rights Management ( UK ) Ltd ; Kobalt Music Group ; Sony / ATV Music Publishing ; Black Butter... | cef9706e8efe02877be31e6fa781fde6 | 4,157 |
The group announced on 9 September 2015 that " Love Me Like You " would be the second single to be released from the album , and that it would be made available to pre @-@ order on 11 September , and be released on 25 September . It was released by Syco and Columbia in Ireland and the United Kingdom on 25 September 20... | cc985fefaead733f972a6aec04171988 | 4,158 |
= = Composition = =
| 877ada88b88d531934189955d86ea716 | 4,160 |
" Love Me Like You " has been described as a down @-@ tempo " ode to ' 60s doo @-@ wop " retro style pop song , which lasts for a duration of three minutes , seventeen seconds . The song is composed in the key of G major using common time and a tempo of 106 beats per minute . Instrumentation is provided by " vintage "... | 64184f96873dad1d5d9e0cc381d108ad | 4,162 |
The song opens with the group harmonising " Sha la la la " over pianos . The lyrics are about puppy love , as they yearningly sing " Last night I lay in bed so blue / Cause ' I realized the truth / They can 't love me like you / I tried to find somebody new / Baby they ain 't got a clue / Can 't love me like you . " F... | 409e65a3c10d1be3fa5e1dd463950919 | 4,163 |
= = Critical reception = =
| 665d8b05c2aaeb7152997a12a8446d6b | 4,165 |
Andy Gill of The Independent described the track as having a " nice " retro sound , and singled it out as being one of his top three songs from the album to download , along with " Black Magic " and " Grown " . Writing for NME , Nick Levine thought that " Love Me Like You " was reminiscent of songs recorded by Stooshe... | f4d74720146c0be45a890b1ded340549 | 4,167 |
= = Chart performance = =
| f8db7836d7652a1fea3ff19b7338a38a | 4,169 |
In the United Kingdom , " Love Me Like You " debuted at number 21 on the UK Singles Chart on 8 October 2015 . It later peaked at number 11 on 7 January 2016 . It also peaked at number nine on the UK Singles Downloads Chart . The track has been certified gold by the British Phonographic Industry ( BPI ) , denoting ship... | 543c15a8f54c940d8bce3af4739f94f5 | 4,171 |
= = Music video = =
| bb0e955fef2ebdb16deb161be8b43293 | 4,173 |
The accompanying music video for " Love Me Like You " was released on 10 October 2015 . The video takes place at a school dance , where a professor in the hall ( the same man who appeared in their previous single 's video " Black Magic " ) tells everyone that it is the last dance . Jade , Leigh @-@ Anne , Jesy and Per... | 91321fe3c2c58a10ee5e4ec61b10aa4e | 4,175 |
Finally , he invited Perrie to be his date after she fell off her bike while staring at him work out on a field and pouring water over his torso to cool down . He helps her up , and gives her a corsage . Toward the end of the video , they sit on a bench next to the entrance , and see their date walk in with another gi... | 3868db4cfecb9c54c43a468aaab8254c | 4,176 |
= = Live performances = =
| 92d650a9ba02781dd8b0a1912f817854 | 4,178 |
" Little Mix " performed " Love Me Like You " live on the seventh season of The X Factor in Australia on 13 October 2015 . Capital praised their performed , writing that it set an " amazing example " for the contestants on the show and that their vocals were " pitch perfect " . On 1 November , the group performed a " ... | 7824dcdca3b41ed18fdf5cd6456e0a64 | 4,180 |
= = Track listing = =
| 72495df880382348360bb3e5f3082d84 | 4,182 |
Digital download
| b10e2b6ecfa2259c8b53f2af3e8d752d | 4,184 |
" Love Me Like You " – 3 : 17
| 50fd74ac6d8eb63374f114b78a0381f6 | 4,185 |
Digital download — The Collection
| d4415cc361284d26d6204d3a45699f3c | 4,186 |
" Love Me Like You " ( Christmas Mix ) – 3 : 29
| accf71245c2efa9396609a4aaa10312e | 4,187 |
" Lightning " – 5 : 09
| 448e289f262f2c7b28e1c6c8aff01b34 | 4,188 |
" Love Me Like You " ( J @-@ Vibe Reggae Remix ) – 3 : 04
| 7d7beb920c3afa095cff1684412c6d6a | 4,189 |
" Love Me Like You " ( Bimbo Jones Remix ) – 3 : 07
| 8b97f129dad0aad08865ace820e533c4 | 4,190 |
" Love Me Like You " ( 7th Heaven Remix ) – 3 : 10
| 5d7d3c3f1de27bb76abceae2dc8986d4 | 4,191 |
" Love Me Like You " ( Exclusive Interview ) – 3 : 16
| 430b995f82ffa56fb1e8778ec5b029e5 | 4,192 |
" Love Me Like You " ( Instrumental ) – 3 : 15
| b0d0c5830091e3d4be4e9b9a26ab4fe0 | 4,193 |
= = Charts and certifications = =
| 8b357be5f0198bf0a17c0fbca1b2161f | 4,195 |
= Shaoguan incident =
| f204e82842f3f7c074a72007c7b02978 | 4,199 |
The Shaoguan incident was a civil disturbance which took place overnight on 25 / 26 June 2009 in Guangdong province , China . A violent dispute erupted between migrant Uyghurs and Han workers at a toy factory in Shaoguan as a result of allegations of the sexual assault of a Han female . Groups of Han set upon Uyghur c... | 5cf8c16366a05527605cb988e2df3f4c | 4,201 |
The event was widely cited as the trigger event for July 2009 Ürümqi riots , which ostensibly started as a peaceful street protest demanding official action over the two Uyghurs who died in Shaoguan . Following trials in October 2009 , one person was executed and several others sentenced to terms between life imprison... | d913694a77546892974a0f9d1f9b31bd | 4,202 |
= = Background = =
| d514b18e9690308b2ac67a227be74a70 | 4,204 |
The factory where the incident took place is the Xuri ( " Early Light " ) Toy Factory ( 旭日玩具厂 ) , owned by Hong Kong @-@ based Early Light International ( Holdings ) Ltd . , the largest toy manufacturer in the world . The company 's Shaoguan factory in the Wujiang district employs some 16 @,@ 000 workers . At the behe... | f4af932ea22adbcee1cd042f75540004 | 4,206 |
An official in charge of ethnic and religious affairs in Guangdong said that the province had hired Uygurs , aged from 18 to 29 , in May . A small group of Uyghurs arrived on 2 May , and workers at the factory remarked that relations between the two groups deteriorated as the number of Uyghurs increased . State media ... | 5753045659fb73ccbb2b9ed1eaa91fea | 4,207 |
= = Causes and events = =
| d3cbcd95bd1b2dfd18c994d028936dff | 4,209 |
Overnight on 25 – 26 June , tensions flared at the factory , leading to a full @-@ blown ethnic brawl between Uyghurs and Han . As a result of the fighting , 2 Uyghurs died and 118 people were injured , 16 of them seriously . Of the injured , 79 were Uyghurs and 39 were Hans . 400 police and 50 anti @-@ riot vehicles ... | 9327a0be0a1dd14dc691632b7c696538 | 4,211 |
Official sources state that the rioting began at around 2 a.m. , and there were reports that they lasted until at least 4 @.@ 30 a.m. , when police arrived . An initial disturbance was reported at around 11 p.m. when security guards responded to a call for help by a female worker who felt intimidated by several chanti... | 67ecc1aafb395bbc29f97828872f2b2d | 4,212 |
Uyghurs maintained that the attacks started after the night shift at around 12 @.@ 30 a.m. , when Han mobs stormed into Uyghur dormitories and started indiscriminate and unprovoked beatings . Amateur videos posted online showed brutal attacks , and Han chasing Uyghurs through the dorm floors . One man said that he saw... | 223b867fa5bbf887374aa37304383cc0 | 4,213 |
= = = Rape rumours = = =
| ce17ae732992de574a07b7b9b08e1e91 | 4,215 |
The rioting was sparked by allegations of sexual assault on Han women by Uyghurs , and rumours of an incident in which two female Han workers were sexually assaulted by six Uyghur co @-@ workers at the factory , according to Voice of America . The authorities said that the rumours were false , and had been initiated b... | de3e6f1bd4370ac723da1b419fe6c4e7 | 4,217 |
= = Responses = =
| 4f7d38a7f75bdac45a183e5ca62a9110 | 4,219 |
Police said that their investigations found no evidence that a rape had taken place . Shaoguan government spokesman Wang Qinxin , called it " a very ordinary incident " , which he said had been exaggerated to foment unrest.The Guardian reported that video of the riots and photographs of the victims were quickly circul... | 1eded38d4647442dcd6d9004b7e99cba | 4,221 |
On 8 July 2009 , Xinhua released an interview with Huang Cuilian , the " Han girl " whose alleged rape triggered the disturbances . The 19 @-@ year @-@ old trainee from rural Guangdong , who had worked at the factory less than two months , said : " I was lost and entered the wrong dormitory and screamed when I saw tho... | b94edac5c95186c4cd06130abaa1d051 | 4,222 |
Shaoguan authorities moved the Uyghur workers to temporary accommodation , and the workers were transferred on 7 July to another facility belonging to Early Light , 30 km away in Baitu town . The Baitu factory is now reported to be an Uyghur enclave , with , sporting facilities , canteen serving Xinjiang food , a roun... | 44e6d40d3102eebb1e1535f3e7322462 | 4,223 |
Abdukeyum Muhammat , deputy secretary of Xinjiang kanji Prefectural Committee of the Communist Party , led a working team to Shaoguan on 27 June . Zhou Yongkang , Politburo Standing Committee member responsible for security , reportedly visited Shaoguan in early September 2009 . On 5 August , Xinhua reported that Chin... | 1aec97a9c14e4795c4d2fcd3b307476d | 4,224 |
At a trial on 10 October at Shaoguan Intermediate People 's Court , Xiao Jianhua ( 肖建华 ) was sentenced to death for being the " principal instigator " of the violence and Xu Qiqi ( 许其琪 ) was given a life sentence for manslaughter ; three other people were sentenced to seven to eight years for assault . On the same day... | 8b6d70eaa2b7a9454be0c060bcfbc8cc | 4,225 |
= Galveston , Texas =
| 3830d12a78ab463512b325423131e694 | 4,228 |
Galveston / ˈɡælvᵻstən / is a coastal city located on Galveston Island and Pelican Island in the U.S. state of Texas . The community of 208 @.@ 3 square miles ( 539 km2 ) , with its population of 47 @,@ 762 people ( 2012 Census estimate ) , is the county seat and second @-@ largest municipality of Galveston County . I... | ed95a45d513c9f4f6fa0f80afbd79dfc | 4,230 |
Named after Bernardo de Gálvez y Madrid , Count of Gálvez ( born in Málaga , Spain ) , Galveston 's first European settlements on the island were constructed around 1816 by French pirate Louis @-@ Michel Aury to help the fledgling Republic of Mexico fight Spain . The Port of Galveston was established in 1825 by the Co... | 501a3235cfd40f658ba4ae4046fc318e | 4,231 |
During the 19th century , Galveston became a major U.S. commercial center and one of the largest ports in the United States . It was devastated by the 1900 Galveston Hurricane , whose effects included flooding and a storm surge . The natural disaster on the exposed barrier island is still ranked as the deadliest in Un... | f54bc435dae5069029e2a60f6586ffbd | 4,232 |
Much of Galveston 's modern economy is centered in the tourism , health care , shipping , and financial industries . The 84 @-@ acre ( 340 @,@ 000 m2 ) University of Texas Medical Branch campus with an enrollment of more than 2 @,@ 500 students is a major economic force of the city . Galveston is home to six historic ... | 49f5cec801061e1c89121677deab0f09 | 4,233 |
= = History = =
| fd3fc667e330e6e3944a4f085f9ef39d | 4,235 |
= = = Exploration and 19th century development = = =
| b23c0c254f77d0b95001b513986b850f | 4,238 |
Galveston Island was originally inhabited by members of the Karankawa and Akokisa tribes who called the island Auia . The Spanish explorer Cabeza de Vaca and his crew were shipwrecked on the island or nearby in November 1528 , calling it " Isla de Malhado " ( " Isle of Bad Fate " ) . They began their years @-@ long tr... | 4ad65b485b6090c4fffeab55bea7e2e8 | 4,240 |
The first permanent European settlements on the island were constructed around 1816 by the pirate Louis @-@ Michel Aury as a base of operations to support Mexico 's rebellion against Spain . In 1817 , Aury returned from an unsuccessful raid against Spain to find Galveston occupied by the pirate Jean Lafitte . Lafitte ... | 7c768601779f9d9b14f188b25484e865 | 4,241 |
In 1825 the Congress of Mexico established the Port of Galveston and in 1830 erected a customs house . Galveston served as the capital of the Republic of Texas when in 1836 the interim president David G. Burnet relocated his government there . In 1836 , the French @-@ Canadian Michel Branamour Menard and several assoc... | 81e12af5f6e833862aacdb30f4c7bc88 | 4,242 |
In 1839 the City of Galveston adopted a charter and was incorporated by the Congress of the Republic of Texas . The city was by then a burgeoning port of entry and attracted many new residents in the 1840s and later among the flood of German immigrants to Texas , including Jewish merchants . Together with ethnic Mexic... | ef37c8a76b741c42fc6f57cd565c0a61 | 4,243 |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.