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`` i need someone taken care of . '' |
running makes you feel better . |
i was barely able to stand . |
`` okay . |
barak rode out of the gully where the rivan troops were mopping up the few survivors of the initial charge . |
twenty minutes later i watched as he roamed around our bedroom , obviously on a frantic hunt . |
jimmy saw the other kneecap blow up and shifted to the elbows . |
near the water , paul stopped . |
arturo is going to be deported . '' |
apparently my brain filter still was n't working . |
`` something similar to this lined the ancient babylon 's processional way . |
we exchange some passionate words . |
`` okay , thur . |
Delta Epsilon Psi () is a South Asian interest social and service fraternity located in the United States. Delta Epsilon Psi Fraternity, Inc. was founded on at the University of Texas at Austin. The 18 founders formed the fraternity to provide a unified South Asian voice at the school.
The purpose of Delta Epsilon Psi is to develop leadership qualities within its members by instilling within them the three pillars (Brotherhood, Discipline, and Commitment) upon which the fraternity was founded.
Founding fathers
Delta Epsilon Psi's founding fathers are:
Philanthropy
Delta Epsilon Psi's philanthropies are research towards curing juvenile diabetes (type 1 diabetes) through the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation (JDRF), and supporting the National Marrow Donor Program.
North American Interfraternity Conference
In , Delta Epsilon Psi officially became nationally recognized by the North American Interfraternity Conference (NIC).
Chapters and colonies
Delta Epsilon Psi's website lists 31 chapters and colonies.
Chapters
Colonies
For several colonies, no location is given on the fraternity's website. These colonies may not be affiliated with a school, the affiliation may be in process or have been revoked, or the website may not have been updated:
Omicron Colony
Phi Colony
Chi Colony
Alpha Zeta Colony
See also
List of social fraternities and sororities
References
Asian-American culture in Austin, Texas
Asian-American fraternities and sororities
Fraternities and sororities in the United States
Indian-American culture in Texas
Student organizations established in 1998
South Asian American culture
University of Texas at Austin
Active former members of the North American Interfraternity Conference
1998 establishments in Texas |
meanwhile , addison walked ahead of us , chatting away with my guy . |
daphne 's face alternated between absolute happiness and humiliated rage . |
`` coca-cola . '' |
the wraith was the first one who had ever admitted that truth . |
look at me . |
yucko ! |
nicole , hes not coming . |
eventually the snake stopped again . |
The province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, the third-largest province of Pakistan by population and the smallest province by area, is divided into 37 districts and seven divisions.
Below, you will find a detailed overview of the history of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa's districts and divisions, a map showing each district, the divisions of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and their districts, and a list showing each district's name, the division the district belongs to, the district's area, the location of the district's headquarters, the district's population and population density (in 2017), the average annual population growth rate of each district (between 1998 and 2017), and a map showing each district's location.
History
1901 to 2010
Districts have formed an integral part of civil administration in the subcontinent since colonial times. When the North-West Frontier Province (the former name of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa) formed in November 1901, it was divided into five "settled districts": Bannu, Dera Ismail Khan, Hazara, Kohat, and Peshawar, and a "trans-border tract" of land which encompassed five "Political Agencies": Khyber, Kurram, Malakand, Tochi, and Wano. The four districts Bannu, Dera Ismail Khan, Kohat, and Peshawar were considered "Trans-Indus" districts.
By the time of the 1941 census of British India, Tochi Agency had been renamed "North Waziristan Agency", Wana Agency had been renamed "South Waziristan Agency", and two tehsils of Peshawar District (Mardan and Swabi) were split off to form Mardan District, which became the fifth "Trans-Indus" district. The six districts of the North-West Frontier Province had also all been given their own "Frontier Regions", which were tribal areas that were under the control of the deputy commissioner of an adjacent district.
1947 to 1954
Upon the independence of Pakistan, the six districts of the North-West Frontier Province retained their borders and status within the province, but the five tribal agencies and six frontier regions all split off from the province, creating the Federally Administered Tribal Areas. The Federally Administered Tribal Areas was an administrative unit of Pakistan governed from Islamabad which had an area larger than the province itself.
In 1951, parts of Malakand Agency were split off to create the Mohmand Agency in the Federally Administered Tribal Areas.
1954 to 1972
In 1954, the One Unit policy that consolidated all of West Pakistan into one province began. From 1954 to 1970, the North-West Frontier Province ceased to exist. The death of the province brought the rise of the area's first divisions (divisions had already existed in Punjab and East Bengal, but none of the other provinces had any divisions until One Unit). The area that once covered the North-West Frontier Province and Federally Administered Tribal Areas was split among two divisions: Dera Ismail Khan Division and Peshawar Division. Dera Ismail Khan Division covered Bannu District, Dera Ismail Khan District, North Waziristan Agency, and South Waziristan Agency, and Peshawar Division covered Hazara District, Kohat District, Mardan District, Peshawar District, Kurram Agency, Khyber Agency, Malakand Agency, and Mohmand Agency. The frontier regions which had previously existed were absorbed into their respective districts at this time.
The One Unit policy ended in 1970 and the provinces returned with their original forms (which also meant that the Federally Administered Tribal Areas and the North-West Frontier Province were separate once more, and that the Frontier Regions regained their status as administrative units). The divisions that had been created as a result of the policy stayed in the North-West Frontier Province, but were abolished entirely in the Federally Administered Tribal Areas.
By the time of the 1972 Census of Pakistan, many changes had been made to the administrative map:
Malakand Division had been created between 1961 and 1972 using the area that covered most of the now-defunct Malakand Agency, and was split up into the districts of Chitral, Dir, Malakand, Shangla and Swat;
The districts of Hazara and Mardan had absorbed their frontier regions;
The Bajaur Agency was created out of the areas of the now-defunct Malakand Agency that were not placed in Malakand Division.
This meant that at the North-West Frontier Province was divided into three divisions and ten districts, while the Federally Administered Tribal Areas were divided into six Political Agencies and four Frontier Regions. The administrative divisions of the region were as follows (districts and divisions which do not exist anymore are in italic):
1972 to 1981
Throughout the years between 1972 and 1981, new divisions and districts kept on being divided and created and changes kept on being made to the administrative map:
Hazara Division was created out of the area that covered the now-defunct Hazara District and parts of Swat District, in Malakand Division. Hazara Division was split up into three districts, which were Abbottabad District (formed out of Abbottabad, Amb, and Haripur Tehsils of Hazara District), Kohistan District (formed out of six tehsils of Swat District and eight union councils of Batagram Tehsil (in Hazara District), and Mansehra District (formed out of Batagram Tehsil (exc. eight union councils which were given to Kohistan District) and Mansehra Tehsil in Hazara District).
The agency of Orakzai was created out of parts of the Frontier Region Kohat (which still existed, but was smaller) in the Federally Administered Tribal Areas.
This meant that by the time of the 1981 Census of Pakistan, the North-West Frontier Province had 12 districts (two more than in 1972) organized into four divisions (one more than in 1972) and the Federally Administered Tribal Areas had seven Political Agencies (one more than in 1972) and four Frontier Regions. You can find a list of them below (districts and divisions which do not exist anymore are in italic):
1981 to 1998
Between the 1981 and 1998 censuses of Pakistan, many changes to the administrative map of the North-West Frontier Province:
Dir District was split up into Lower Dir District (formed out of the sub-divisions of Dir and Wari) and Upper Dir District (formed out of the sub-divisions of Timergara and Jandool); the sub-divisions of Daggar/Buner and Alpuri were split off of Swat District to form the districts of Buner and Shangla respectively;
Batagram Tehsil was separated from Mansehra District to form the new Batagram District and many union councils which were once part of Abbottabad District (most of which were part of Amb Tehsil before 1981) were absorbed into Mansehra District; what was left of Abbottabad District was divided into Haripur District (formed of Haripur Tehsil and portions of Abbottabad Tehsil) and Abbottabad District (formed of Abbottabad Tehsil excluding the portions taken by Haripur District);
Mardan Division was formed out of Mardan District (formerly in Peshawar Division) and was split into the districts of Mardan (covering the area of Mardan Tehsil, part of Mardan District) and Swabi (covering the area of Swabi Tehsil, part of Mardan District);
Kohat Division was formed out of Kohat District (formerly in Peshawar Division) and was split into the districts of Karak (covering the areas of Karak Tehsil and parts of Hangu and Kohat Tehsils, all of which were formerly part of Kohat District), Kohat (covering the areas of Kohat Tehsil, minus the parts of the tehsil that were absorbed into Karak District), and Hangu (covering the areas of Hangu Tehsil minus the parts of the tehsil that were absorbed into Karak District);
Peshawar District was split into three districts, Charsadda (upgraded from Charsadda Tehsil), Nowshera (made from most of the area of Nowshera Tehsil), and Peshawar (made from Peshawar Tehsil and parts of the area of Nowshera Tehsil);
Bannu Division was formed out of Bannu District (formerly in Dera Ismail Khan Division), and was split into the districts of Bannu (covering most of the areas of Bannu Tehsil) and Lakki Marwat (covering the area of Lakki Marwat Tehsil, along with parts of Bannu Tehsil);
Dera Ismail Khan District was bifurcated into Dera Ismail Khan District (created from Dera Ismail Khan Tehsil) and Tank District (created from Tank Tehsil).
As for the Federally Administered Tribal Areas, the agencies remained the same and retained the exact same borders they had in 1981, but two more frontier regions were created: Frontier Region Lakki Marwat and Frontier Region Tank. These two frontier regions were created from parts of Frontier Region Dera Ismail Khan, which was, in 1981, split up into two non-contiguous sections. The northern section was divided into Frontier Region Lakki Marwat and Frontier Region Tank upon the creation of Lakki Marwat and Tank Districts, but Frontier Region Dera Ismail Khan retained the southern section.
This meant that by the time of the 1998 Census of Pakistan, the North-West Frontier Province had 24 districts (twelve more than in 1981) organized into seven divisions (three more than in 1981) and the Federally Administered Tribal Areas had seven Political Agencies and six Frontier Regions (two more than in 1981). You can find a list of them below (districts and divisions which do not exist anymore are in italic):
1998 to 2017
In August 2000, all of the divisions throughout Pakistan were abolished, but were reinstated in their exact previous forms eight years later after the elections of 2008.
On the other hand, no changes occurred to the 1998 district setup for over a decade, until 2010, when the North-West Frontier Province was renamed Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. One year later, in 2011, Kala Dhaka Tehsil was separated from Mansehra District to become Torghar District, the 25th district of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. These 25 districts (the 24 districts dating to 1998 and Torghar) were the only districts recorded as a part of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa during the 2017 Census.
This meant that by the time of the 2017 Census of Pakistan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa had 25 districts (one more than in 1998) organized into seven divisions and the Federally Administered Tribal Areas had seven Political Agencies and six Frontier Regions. You can find a list of them below (districts and divisions which do not exist anymore are in italic):
2017 to present
In 2014, Kohistan District was bifurcated into Upper Kohistan District and Lower Kohistan District, but tensions on the bifurcation did not resolve until late 2017 (after the 2017 census), when Kolai-Palas District was formed as well. This meant that Kohistan District was still legally one administrative unit until after the time of the 2017 census (the bifurcation was delayed in light of the political tensions, and did not go through until late 2017, when Kohistan district was split into three districts).
On 31 May 2018, the Twenty-fifth Amendment to the Constitution of Pakistan was put into force. This amendment merged the Federally Administered Tribal Areas with the province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and changes the province's borders and layout drastically. Each of the seven agencies in the Federally Administered Tribal Areas (Bajaur, Kurram, Khyber, Mohmand, North Waziristan, Orakzai, and South Waziristan) was made into its own district and added into an adjacent division (Bajaur District became a part of Malakand Division, Khyber and Mohmand Districts joined Peshawar Division, Kurram and Orakzai Districts joined Kohat Division, North Waziristan District joined Bannu Division, and South Waziristan District joined Dera Ismail Khan Division). The six Frontier Regions joined the districts they were adjacent to (Frontier Region Bannu was incorporated into Bannu District, Frontier Region Kohat was incorporated into Kohat District etc.).
In late 2018, Chitral District, formerly the largest district in the province by area, was bifurcated into Upper Chitral District, from Mastuj Tehsil, and Lower Chitral District, from Chitral Tehsil. In 2022, South Waziristan district was bifurcated into Upper South Waziristan headquarter Spinkai Karzai and Lower South Waziristan headquarter Wana.This raised the number of districts in the province to 37, where it stands to this day. You can observe the current setup in the maps and lists below.
List of Districts
Below you will find a list of all 37 districts in the province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, along with the division it belongs to, the area of the district, the population and population density of the district, the average annual population growth rate of each district (between 1998 and 2017), and a map showing its location. The districts are initially listed in alphabetical order, but they can be sorted in different ways by clicking the headers of the table.
See also
Districts of Pakistan
Districts of Punjab, Pakistan
Districts of Sindh
Districts of Balochistan, Pakistan
Districts of Azad Kashmir
Districts of Gilgit-Baltistan
Divisions of Pakistan
List of tehsils of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
Notes
A. In 2017 Bajaur District was not a district of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, but was an agency in FATA.
B. In 2017 Bannu District was split into both the "Frontier Region Bannu" (a part of FATA) and "Bannu District".
C. In 2017 Dera Ismail Khan District was split into both the "Frontier Region Dera Ismail Khan" (a part of FATA) and "Dera Ismail Khan District".
D. In 2017 Khyber District was not a district of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, but was an agency in FATA.
E. In 2017 Kohat District was split into both the "Frontier Region Kohat" (a part of FATA) and "Kohat District".
F. In 2017 Kolai-Palas District was not a district, but a part of the erstwhile Kohistan District. Today it occupies the area the Palas Tehsil used to occupy. Also, due to discrepancies in the source regarding the population of each of Kohistan's Tehsils (when the Tehsils are added one person is missing), a different and more up to date source is used for the districts covering the Kohistan region.
G. In 2017 Kurram District was not a district of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, but was an agency in FATA.
H. In 2017 Lakki Marwat District was split into both the "Frontier Region Lakki Marwat" (a part of FATA) and "Lakki Marwat District".
I. In 2017 Lower Chitral District was not a district, but a part of the erstwhile Chitral District. Today it occupies the area the Chitral Tehsil (or Chitral Subdivision) used to occupy.
J. In 2017 Lower Kohistan District was not a district, but a part of the erstwhile Kohistan District. Today it occupies the area the Pattan Tehsil used to occupy. Also, due to discrepancies in the source regarding the population of each of Kohistan's Tehsils (when the Tehsils are added one person is missing), a different and more up to date source is used for the districts covering the Kohistan region.
K. In 2017 Mohmand District was not a district of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, but was an agency in FATA.
L. In 2017 North Waziristan District was not a district of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, but was an agency in FATA.
M. In 2017 Orakzai District was not a district of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, but was an agency in FATA.
N. In 2017 Peshawar District was split into both the "Frontier Region Peshawar" (a part of FATA) and "Peshawar District".
O. In 2017 South Waziristan District was not a district of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, but was an agency in FATA.
P. In 2017 Tank District was split into both the "Frontier Region Tank" (a part of FATA) and "Tank District".
Q. In 2017 Upper Chitral District was not a district, but a part of the erstwhile Chitral District. Today it occupies the area the Mastuj Tehsil (or Mastuj Subdivision) used to occupy.
R. In 2017 Upper Kohistan District was not a district, but a part of the erstwhile Kohistan District. Today it occupies the area the Dassu and Kandia Tehsils used to occupy (between 1998 Kandia Tehsil split off from Dassu Tehsil). Also, due to discrepancies in the source regarding the population of each of Kohistan's Tehsils (when the Tehsils are added one person is missing), a different and more up to date source is used for the districts covering the Kohistan region.
S. No area data is given for Kolai-Palas District and Lower Kohistan District because in the source (dated 1998), Palas Tehsil (which became Kolai-Palas) and Pattan Tehsil (which became Lower Kohistan), even though their populations were reported separately, the area that was given was the combined area of both tehsils. The combined area of both tehsils (which are today districts) is .
References
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa |
you did n't get that from your father , you know ! '' |
what are you doing , maggie ? |
`` you need to talk , we 'll talk at dinner , '' he returned . |
it is dead straight and a good hundred metres in length . |
i wished them both luck . |
she 'd thought he might be someone she could spend the rest of her life with . |
what boy ? |
she did n't accuse me of anything i did n't actually do . |
mornin , kor-kor , lysander said cheerfully as he strode by . |
yeah ! |
`` that and your own pleasure , '' he said . |
and this was not a good day . |
poplar cove was the kind of place kids should be running through , dripping on the porch in wet bathing suits , leaving a trail of sand from their feet all the way up the stairs to the bedrooms . |
`` that sword of yours is a trifle obvious , '' the old man told him . |
something 's come up . '' |
he stays silent for a while , thinking . |
i served and wiped and poured all morning , until the crowd thinned and i could take up my usual spot behind the counter , slipping into daydreams of the life waiting for me , just a few more days away . |
she leaned forward and looked at them with almost childish intensity and awe . |
'well , at least tell me what 's happening if it involves me . ' |
perhaps when the tuyere 's service was done ... 'monotony , ' calapine said . |
once again she scanned the crowd for someone willing to stand up for her . |
he stroked his chin while pacing around in a circle . |
at one point in our lives , gianni and i were close . |
the class had been dismissed , movement was all around him , and he could only hope no one had been observing him too closely . |
* * * * * it took about 15 minutes for the entire offerings of food and drink at the arrival party to be devoured by the band , so everyone adjourned , of course , to the pub . |
so , what was that ? |
sexist of her , do n't you think ? '' |
`` what does a volcano have to do with anything ? '' |
Integrated enterprise modeling (IEM) is an enterprise modeling method used for the admission and for the reengineering of processes both in producing enterprises and in the public area and service providers. In integrated enterprise modeling different aspects as functions and data become described in one model. Furthermore, the method supports analyses of business processes independently of the available organizational structure.
The Integrated Enterprise Modeling is developed at the Fraunhofer Institute for Production Systems and Design Technology (German: IPK) Berlin, Germany.
Integrated enterprise modeling topics
Base constructs
The integrated enterprise modeling (IEM) method uses an object-oriented approach and adapts this for the enterprise description. An application-oriented division of all elements of an enterprise forms the core of the method in generic object classes "product", "resource" and "order".
Product
The object class "product" represents all objects whose production and sale are the aim of the looked-at-enterprise as well as all objects which flow into the end product. Raw materials, intermediate products, components and end products, as well as services and the describing data, are included.
Order
The object class "order" describes all types of commissioning in the enterprise. The objects of the class "order" represent the information that is relevant from the point of view of planning, control, and supervision of the enterprise processes. One understands by it what, when, at which objects, in whose responsibility and with which resources it will be executed.
Resource
The IEM class "resource" contains all necessary key players which are required in the enterprise for the execution or support of activities. Among other things, these are employees, business partner, all kinds of documents as well as information systems or operating supplies.
The classes "product", "order", and "resource" can gradually be given full particulars and specified. Through this it is possible to show both line of business typical and enterprise-specific product, order and resource subclasses. Structures (e.g. parts lists or organisation charts) can be shown as relational features of the classes with the help of being-part-of- and consists-of-relations between different subclasses.
Action
The activities which are necessary for the production of products and to the provision of services can be described as follows: an activity is the purposeful change of objects. The aim orientation of the activities causes an explicit or implicit planning and control. The execution of the activities is incumbent by the capable key players. From these considerations the definitions can be derived for the following constructs:
An action is an object neutral description of activities: a verbal description of a work task, a lawsuit or proceeding;
A function describes the change of state of a defined status into another defined one of objects of a class by using an action; and
An activity specifies necessary resources for the state transformation of objects of a class the controlling order described by a function and these for the execution of this transformation in the enterprise, in each case represented by an object state description.
Views
All modeled data of the looked-at-enterprise are recorded in the model core of an Integrated Enterprise Modeling (IEM) model in two main views:
the "information model"; and
the "business process model".
All relevant objects of an enterprise, their qualities and relations are shown in the "information model". It is class trees of the object classes "product", "order" and "resource" here. The "business process model" represents enterprise processes and their relations to each other. Activities are shown in their interaction with the objects.
Process modeling
The structuring of the enterprise processes in Integrated Enterprise Modeling (IEM) is reached by its hierarchical subdivision with the help of the decomposition. Decomposition means the reduction of a system in a partial system which respectively contains components which are in a logical cohesion. The process modeling is a partitioning of processes into its threads. Every thread describes a task completed into itself. The decomposition of single processes can be carried out long enough until the threads are manageable, i.e. appropriately small. They may turn out also not too rudimentary because a high number of detailed processes increases the complexity of a business process model. A process modeling person, therefore, has to find a balance between the effort complexity degree of the model and possible detailed description of the enterprise processes. A model depth generally recommends itself with at most three to four decomposition levels (model levels).
On a model level business process flows are represented with the aid of illustrated combination elements. There are these five basic types of combinations between the activities:
Sequential order: At a sequential order the activities are executed after each other.
Parallel branching: A parallel branching means that all parallel branched activities to be executed have to be completed before the following activity can be started with. It is not necessary that the parallel activities are executed at the same time. They can be deferred, too.
Case distinction: Decision either or. The case distinction is a branching in alternative processes depending on definition of the subsequent conditions.
Uniting: The end of a parallel as the case may be alternative execution or also an integration of process chains is indicated by the uniting.
Loop: A repatriation (loop, cycle) is represented by means of case distinction and uniting. The activities included in the loop are executed as long as the condition for the continuation is given.
Modeling proceeding
The modeling procedure for the illustration of business processes in IEM covers the following steps:
System delimitation;
Modeling;
Model evaluation and use; and
Model change.
The system delimitation is the base of an efficient modeling. Starting out from a conceptual formulation the area of the real system to be shown is selected and interfaces will be defined to an environment. In addition, the detail depth of the model is also determined, i.e. the depth of the hierarchical decomposition relations in the view "business process model".
The delimited real system is convicted with help of the IEM method in an abstract model. IEM is the construction of the two main positions "information model" and "business process model". The "information model" is made by the specification of the object classes to be modeled for "product", "order" and "resource" with the class structures as well as descriptive and relational features. By identification and description of functions, activities and its combination to processes the "business process model" is formed. As a general rule the construction of the "information model" follows first in which the modeling person can go back to available reference class structures. The reference classes which do not correspond to the real system or were not found to be relevant at the system delimitation are deleted. The missing relevant classes are inserted. After the object base is fixed, the activities and functions are joined together at the objects according to the "generic activity model" and with the help of combination elements to business processes. A model is made which can be analysed and changed if it is required. It often happens, that during the construction of the "business process model" new relevant object classes are identified so that the class trees getting completed. The construction of the two positions is, therefore, an iterative process.
Afterward, weak points and improvement potentials can be identified in the course of the model evaluation. This can cause the model changes whose realization should clear the weak points and make use of the improvement potentials in the real system.
Modeling tool MO²GO
The software tool MO²GO (method for an object-oriented business process optimization) supports the modeling process based on the integrated enterprise modeling (IEM). Different analyses of a given model are available like the planning and implementation of information systems. The MO²GO system is expandable easily and makes a high-speed modeling approach possible.
The currently used MO²GO system consists of the following components:
MO²GO version 2.4: This component offers modeling functions for class structures, process chains and mechanism for analysis of IEM.
MO²GO Macro editor version 2.1: The macro editor supports the outline of MO²GO macros for user-defined evaluation procedures.
MO²GO Viewer version 1.07: The Java-based and licence-free MO²GO Viewer is a user interface to be used easily to navigate process chains through MO²GO.
MO²GO XML converter version 1.0: Nowadays the IT implementation works mainly with UML diagrams. MO²GO supports a component for a model based XML file which can be imported in UML tools.
MO²GO Web publisher version 2.0: The web Publisher is a mechanism of analysis to be started directly out of MO²GO 2.4. A process assistant is the result of the evaluation of the model contents based on texture and hyperlink representation. To be able to adapt the process assistant to the user requirements flexibly, the web Publisher contains a configuration component.
MO²GO process assistant
The IEM business process models contain much information that can not only be used by system analysts but also be helpful for the employees at their daily work. To provide this model information for the staff and to enable the participation of the employees for the results of the modeling, a special tool was developed at the Fraunhofer IPK. This is a web-based process assistant whose contents are generated automatically from the IEM business process model of the enterprise. The process assistant provides all users the information of the business process model in an HTML-based form by intranet of the enterprise. For its implementation, no special methods or tool knowledge is required besides the basic EDP and Internet experiences.
The process assistant has been developed so that the employees can find answers to the questions fast and precisely: e.g.
What are the processes in the enterprise?
In which way are they structured as?
Who and with which responsibility is involved in the certain process?
Which documents and application systems are used?
Or also:
A certain organisation unit is involved at which processes?
Or in which processes a certain document or an application system is used?
To make an informative process assistant from the business process model, certain modeling rules must be followed. The means e.g. that the individual actions must be deposited with its descriptions, the responsibility of the organisation units must be indicated explicitly or the paths also must be entered to the documents in the class tree. The fulfilment of these conditions means an additional time expenditure at the modeling, if these conditions are met, all employees are able to "surf" online through the intranet with the help of the process assistant by an informative enterprise documentation. They have the possibility between a graphic view and a texture-based description according to their preferences and methodical previous knowledge. The graphic view is provided by the MO²GO Viewer, a viewer tool for MO²GO models. The process assistant and the MO²GO Viewer are connected so that the graphic representation of the process looked at can be accessed context sensitively from the process assistant.
Users can call on all templates, specifications and documents for the working sequence both from the process assistant and from the MO²GO Viewer online. Therefore, the process assistant cannot only be employed for the tracing of the modeling results but also in the daily business for the training of new employees as well as execution of process steps. To improve the usability in the daily routine, the process assistant can be adapted to the needs of the users' flexibility. This customization can be carried out both concerning the layout and concerning the main content emphases of the process assistant.
Areas of application of the IEM
Knowledge is used in organisations as a resource to render services for customers. The service preparation performs along actions which are described as processes or business processes. The analysis and improvement in dealing with knowledge presupposes a common idea about this context. An explicit description of the processes, therefore, is required because they represent the context for the respective knowledge contents. The process modeling represents a powerful instrument for the design and a conversion of a process-oriented knowledge management. In the context of the method of the business process-oriented knowledge management (GPO KM) developed at the Fraunhofer IPK the method of the "integrated enterprise modeling" (IEM) is accessed. It makes it possible to be able to show, to describe, to analyse and to form organisational processes. The IEM features few object classes, is ascertainable easily understandable and fast. Furthermore, the object orientation of the IEM opens up the possibility of showing knowledge as an object class. For the knowledge-oriented modeling of the business processes according to the IEM method the relevant knowledge contents have to be specified after knowledge domains and know-how bearers and represented as resources in the business process model.
In further applications, IEM is used to create models across organisations (e.g. companies) to archive a common understanding between the involved stakeholders and derive services (create software and define the ASP). In this context the object-oriented basis of IEM has been used to create a common semantic across the single company models and to archive compliant enterprise models (predefined classes – terminology, model templates, etc.). The reason is that the terminology used within a model has to be understandable independent of the modeling language, see also SDDEM.
See also
Business process modeling
References
Further reading
Peter Bernus ; Mertins, K. ; Schmidt, G. (2006). Handbook on architectures of information systems. Berlin : Springer, 2006, (International handbook on information systems) , Second Edition 2006
Mertins, K. (1994). Modellierungsmethoden für rechnerintegrierte Produktionsprozesse. Hanser Fachbuchverlag, Germany, ASIN 3446177469
Mertins, K.; Süssenguth, W.; Jochem, R. (1994). Modellierungsmethoden für rechnerintegrierte Produktionsprozesse Carl Hanser Verlag, Germany,
Mertins, K.; Jochem, J. (1997). Qualitätsorientierte Gestaltung von Geschäftsprozessen. Beuth-Verlag Berlin (Germany)
Mertins, K.; Jochem, R. (1998). MO²GO. Handbook on Architectures of Information Systems. Springer-Verlag Berlin (Germany)
Mertins, K.; Jaekel, F-W. (2006). MO²GO: User Oriented Enterprise Models for Organizational and IT Solutions. In: Bernus, P.; Mertins, K.; Schmidt, G.: Handbook on Architectures of Information Systems. Second Edition. Springer-Verlag Berlin.
Spur, G.; Mertins, K.; Jochem, R.; Warnecke, H.J. (1993). Integrierte Unternehmensmodellierung Beuth Verlag GmbH Germany,
Schwermer, M. (1998): Modellierungsvorgehen zur Planung von Geschäftsprozessen (Dissertation) FhG/IPK Berlin (Germany),
External links
Fraunhofer Institute for Production Systems and Design Technology
Modeling tool MO²GO
Enterprise modelling
Systems engineering |
all awake ? |
he took cuthbert 's hand , and their fingers locked together like iron . |
the executioner had remained standing in the front . |
i hesitated , said slowly , felice , that thing we do , where you go into my mind , i can do that to almost anyone . |
not a pathetic drunk like ben himself . |
Fengning Manchu Autonomous County (; Manchu: ) is a Manchu autonomous county of northern Hebei province, bordering Beijing to the southwest and Inner Mongolia to the north, and lying under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Chengde.
It is the second-largest county of Hebei in terms of area, after the neighbouring Weichang Manchu and Mongol Autonomous County.
Administrative divisions
The county has 1 subdistrict, 11 towns and 15 townships under its administration.
Geography
Geology
Fossil-bearing rocks of the Mesozoic Huajiying Formation and/or Yixian Formation occur on the surface. The prehistoric bird Paraprotopteryx was found in such a deposit.
Climate
Fengning has a rather dry, monsoon-influenced humid continental climate (Köppen Dwa), with long, very cold and dry winters, and hot, humid summers, and the elevation depresses temperatures. The monthly 24-hour mean temperature in January is , and in July it is , while the annual mean is . More than half of the annual precipitation occurs in July and August alone.
Economy
The county draws in many tourists as the Bashang Grasslands in the far north of the county is the nearest grasslands to Beijing. The cultivation of a local tourism is part of a broader regional development policy to support tourism as a primary industry in the Chengde area due to the environmentally friendly character of the industry going well with the goal of preserving the Chengde area's pristine environment, especially compared to the pollution problems besetting the rest of Hebei and also Beijing and Tianjin.
The county's primary tourist attraction are the horse ranches in the Datan grassland. Other highlights are the Dahan Palace of Genghis Khan and the Baiyun Ancient Cave. The height of the tourism season is in July and August when there are bonfire festivities filled with ethnic songs and dances, roasted whole lamb, and staged traditional sporting events like wrestling and archery.
Transport
Both China National Highway 111 and 112 pass through the county, with the former providing direct access to Beijing.
References
External links
County-level divisions of Hebei
Manchu autonomous counties
Chengde |
you never cared about my mother . |
do n't move , connor . |
`` i 'm a warlord of the blood . '' |
but that offered something she sensed might be turned to advantage . |
it did n't come out of our labs , that 's for sure . |
hard . |
`` who are they bringing out ? '' |
`` you remember it quite differently then , '' i manage . |
`` good , '' nicole said , then paused for another long sip of wine . |
`` yeah , '' christian turned to the fridge for another bag . |
`` took you whoroi '' said nora . |
`` wow , you trust me with the code to your gate ? '' |
i want to push the rewind button . |
she retrieved her spike from his brain then crushed his skull with a strong boot slam . |
but his eyes beg for forgiveness just the same . |
archer pondered , then brightened , in a grim sort of way . |
the two guards pulled thomas toward the door , his feet dragging behind him . |
i could feel it shaking , but could n't respond fast enough . |
tonight , he wore a pink tank top and lycra leggings . |
we should go spy on her . |
lame , right ? |
`` jeff , can you please give us a minute ? '' |
Vinterior operates as an online marketplace specializing in the sale of pre-owned antique and vintage furniture, lighting, textiles, home decor, and fine art. Starting in 2020, Vinterior transitioned into a fully remote company.
History
The company was founded in 2015 by Sandrine Zhang Ferron. Initially it was launched as a marketplace consisting of a few dealers based in London, U.K. to serve the local market. In 2016, Leslie Fournier joined the company as the Chief Operating Officer. Alongside Sandrine Zhang Ferron, Chief Executive Officer, they ran the business as co-founders until Fournier’s departure in 2023.
In 2021, Vinterior collaborated with the U.K. retailer John Lewis to launch an exclusive in-store capsule collection featuring pre-owned pieces.
As of 2023, Vinterior has expanded its operations across the U.K. and Europe. Vinterior has gained recognition as a startup that is actively contributing to the advancement of the circular economy in Europe. In February 2023, Vinterior partnered with the British paint company Farrow & Ball to exhibit upcycled vintage furniture.
References
2015 establishments in the United Kingdom
British companies established in 2015
Retail companies based in London
Interior design firms
Companies based in London
Design companies of the United Kingdom
British furniture makers
Antiques
Internet properties established in 2015 |
ash withdrew and then turned to yuri . |
`` i 'll hang it up . '' |
lucien moved across the room to pour himself a glass of the brandy he had brought from the hotel . |
ahead , rashel saw a sleek thirty-foot power cruiser bobbing gently in a slip . |
`` and dougal 's going to scotland to see connor and marielle . '' |
`` you want me to bully him . '' |
chapter 5 the security office of the nakamoto tower was a small room , perhaps five meters by seven . |
kane 's lips curved into a frown . |
allan unthinkingly frowned at the splash of color as he continued to pace across the yard . |
she . |
`` and , with luck , will continue to do so . |
there 's nothing perfect about it . '' |
molly appeared suddenly , handing him our drinks while i took my plate of pastries . |
in every vision , there 's christian . |
leaning up on one elbow , he nipped her shoulder then gaped at the graphic drawings of a woman going down on a man . |
of course we have no idea how asag 's venom might affect them since they 're born to another pantheon . |
`` what 's your plan ? '' |
all of these years in the facility had been spent dealing with children . |
damien was n't operating on the same level of mental functioning apparently , as he made a good half a dozen attempts to talk to me throughout the evening . |