Datasets:

OllieStanley

/

oa_dolly_15k

like 2

{ "CATEGORY": "classification", "CONTEXT": "" }

{ "CATEGORY": "open_qa", "CONTEXT": "" }

{ "CATEGORY": "closed_qa", "CONTEXT": "Susan Catharine Eaton (July 9, 1957 – December 30, 2003) was an American political scientist and workers' rights activist. Eaton was an assistant professor of public policy at Harvard Kennedy School, who became a nursing home researcher at Harvard and workers' activist.[1] She wrote about health care management, women's role in union leadership and work-family issues and gender equity in the workplace." }

{ "CATEGORY": "brainstorming", "CONTEXT": "" }

{ "CATEGORY": "open_qa", "CONTEXT": "" }

{ "CATEGORY": "brainstorming", "CONTEXT": "" }

{ "CATEGORY": "closed_qa", "CONTEXT": "Allegory of Peace or Triumph of Peace is a 1652 oil-on-canvas painting by Dutch artist Jan Lievens. The painting represents the 1648 Treaty of Münster and depicts Minerva, the goddess of wisdom, crowning Pax, the goddess of peace." }

{ "CATEGORY": "information_extraction", "CONTEXT": "Ebikewenimo Welson is a Nigerian freestyle wrestler. He is a four-time medalist at the Commonwealth Games and a two-time medalist at the African Games. \n\nHe won four medals at the Commonwealth Games: in 2010, he won the silver medal in the men's 55 kg event and he repeated this in 2014 with the silver medal in the men's 57 kg event. In 2018, he won one of the bronze medals in the men's 57 kg event. He won the silver medal in the men's 57 kg event at the 2022 Commonwealth Games.\n\nHe represented Nigeria at the 2019 African Games held in Rabat, Morocco and he won the silver medal in the men's 57 kg event.\n\nHe won the gold medal in the men's 57 kg event at the 2014 African Wrestling Championships and the silver medal in that event at the 2016 African Wrestling Championships. At the 2018 African Wrestling Championships held in Port Harcourt, Nigeria, he also won the silver medal in the men's 57 kg event. He was unable to compete at the 2019 African Wrestling Championships due to injury.\n\nIn 2021, he won a gold medal at the Baraza Champion of Champions wrestling tournament held in Yenagoa, Bayelsa State, Nigeria. A few months later, he competed at the 2021 African & Oceania Wrestling Olympic Qualification Tournament hoping to qualify for the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, Japan.\n\nHe won the silver medal in his event at the 2022 African Wrestling Championships held in El Jadida, Morocco. He won the silver medal in the men's 57 kg event at the 2022 Commonwealth Games held in Birmingham, England." }

{ "CATEGORY": "information_extraction", "CONTEXT": "In their travels, Arthur comes to learn that the Earth was actually a giant supercomputer, created by another supercomputer, Deep Thought. Deep Thought had been built by its creators to give the answer to the \"Ultimate Question of Life, the Universe, and Everything\", which, after eons of calculations, was given simply as \"42\". Deep Thought was then instructed to design the Earth supercomputer to determine what the Question actually is. The Earth was subsequently destroyed by the Vogons moments before its calculations were completed, and Arthur becomes the target of the descendants of the Deep Thought creators, believing his mind must hold the Question. With his friends' help, Arthur escapes and they decide to have lunch at The Restaurant at the End of the Universe, before embarking on further adventures." }

{ "CATEGORY": "general_qa", "CONTEXT": "" }

{ "CATEGORY": "summarization", "CONTEXT": "The Targa version of the 993 was introduced in the 1996 model year and was the debut of the so-called \"greenhouse\" system - a retractable glass roof, a design continued on the 996 and 997 Targa. The glass roof retracts underneath the rear window, revealing a large opening.[14] This system was a complete redesign, as previous Targa models had a removable roof section and a wide B-pillar functioning as a roll bar. The new glass-roof design allowed the 993 Targa to retain the same side-on profile as the other 911 Carrera variants and finish without the inconvenience of storing the removed top of the old system. The Targa is based on the 993 Carrera cabriolet with the Targa glass roof replacing the fabric roof." }

{ "CATEGORY": "brainstorming", "CONTEXT": "" }

{ "CATEGORY": "summarization", "CONTEXT": "Ketchup or catsup is a table condiment with a sweet and sour flavor. The unmodified term (\"ketchup\") now typically refers to tomato ketchup, although early recipes used egg whites, mushrooms, oysters, grapes, mussels, or walnuts, among other ingredients.\n\nTomato ketchup is made from tomatoes, sugar, and vinegar, with seasonings and spices. The spices and flavors vary, but commonly include onions, allspice, coriander, cloves, cumin, garlic, and mustard, and sometimes include celery, cinnamon, or ginger.[citation needed] The market leader in the United States (60% market share) and the United Kingdom (82%) is Heinz Tomato Ketchup. Tomato ketchup is most often used as a condiment to dishes that are usually served hot and are fried or greasy: french fries and other potato dishes, hamburgers, hot dogs, chicken tenders, hot sandwiches, meat pies, cooked eggs, and grilled or fried meat. Ketchup is sometimes used as the basis for, or as one ingredient in, other sauces and dressings, and the flavor may be replicated as an additive flavoring for snacks, such as potato chips." }

{ "CATEGORY": "closed_qa", "CONTEXT": "Mussa Azzan Zungu (born 25 May 1952) is a Tanzanian CCM politician and Deputy Speaker of Tanzania National Assembly. He's also current Member of Parliament for Ilala constituency since 2005.[1]\n\nHe has continued to retain the parliamentary seat in 2010 & 2015.[2] He was appointed as the Minister of State in the Vice President's office on January 24, 2020 and server for 6 months before the parliament was dissolved on June 16, 2020.[3] He is now the Deputy Speaker following the resignation of the former Speaker Job Ndugai, and the, by then, Deputy Speaker Dr. Tulia Ackson elected to become current Speaker of the Parliament." }

{ "CATEGORY": "brainstorming", "CONTEXT": "" }

{ "CATEGORY": "classification", "CONTEXT": "" }

{ "CATEGORY": "brainstorming", "CONTEXT": "" }

{ "CATEGORY": "classification", "CONTEXT": "" }

{ "CATEGORY": "brainstorming", "CONTEXT": "" }

{ "CATEGORY": "information_extraction", "CONTEXT": "The Patriots hold training camp and practices just outside of Gillette Stadium in Foxborough, with twin practice fields available for team use.\n\nPrior to 2003, the Patriots held training camp and practice at numerous locations. From 1976 to 2002, the team held training camp at Bryant College in Smithfield, Rhode Island. From 1960 to 1961, then from 1969 to 1975, the Patriots held training camp at University of Massachusetts Amherst. Between 1962 and 1968, the Patriots held training camp at Phillips Academy in Andover, Massachusetts.[69]\n\nFrom 1971 until 2001, the Patriots would simply practice at Foxboro Stadium whenever the field was available, otherwise they would use the public football fields that were available in Foxborough." }

{ "CATEGORY": "information_extraction", "CONTEXT": "Sleep is a state of reduced mental and physical activity, in which consciousness is altered, and sensory activity is inhibited to a certain extent. During sleep, there is a decrease in muscle activity, and interactions with the surrounding environment are significantly reduced. While sleep is different from wakefulness in terms of the ability to react to stimuli, it still involves active brain patterns, making it more reactive than a coma or disorders of consciousness.\n\nSleep occurs in repeating periods, in which the body alternates between two distinct modes: REM sleep and non-REM sleep. Although REM stands for \"rapid eye movement\", this mode of sleep has many other aspects, including virtual paralysis of the body. Dreams are a succession of images, ideas, emotions, and sensations that usually occur involuntarily in the mind during certain stages of sleep. During sleep, most of the body's systems are in an anabolic state, helping to restore the immune, nervous, skeletal, and muscular systems; these are vital processes that maintain mood, memory, and cognitive function, and play a large role in the function of the endocrine and immune systems. The internal circadian clock promotes sleep daily at night. The diverse purposes and mechanisms of sleep are the subject of substantial ongoing research. Sleep is a highly conserved behavior across animal evolution, likely going back hundreds of millions of years." }

{ "CATEGORY": "brainstorming", "CONTEXT": "" }

{ "CATEGORY": "open_qa", "CONTEXT": "" }

{ "CATEGORY": "closed_qa", "CONTEXT": "Urodacus novaehollandiae, also known as the coastal burrowing scorpion or black sand scorpion, is a species of scorpion in the Urodacidae family. It is endemic to Australia, and was first described in 1861 by German naturaliat Wilhelm Peters.[1]" }

{ "CATEGORY": "brainstorming", "CONTEXT": "" }

{ "CATEGORY": "summarization", "CONTEXT": "On 19 March 2023, Swiss investment bank UBS Group AG agreed to buy Credit Suisse for CHF 3 billion (US$3.2 billion) in an all-stock deal brokered by the government of Switzerland and the Swiss Financial Market Supervisory Authority.[1][2][3] The Swiss National Bank supported the deal by providing more than CHF 100 billion (US$104 billion) in liquidity to UBS following its takeover of Credit Suisse's operations,[4] while the Swiss government provided a guarantee to UBS to cover losses of up to CHF 9 billion (US$9.6 billion) over the short term.[1] Additionally, CHF 16 billion (US$17.2 billion) of Additional Tier 1 bonds were written down to zero.[5]\n\nCredit Suisse is a globally systemically important bank whose investment banking unit, First Boston, had been recently tarnished by a series of high-profile scandals. The banking crisis in the United States had caused fear among global investors and led to panic over other possibly troubled banks. Credit Suisse's share price plunged after the leading shareholder ruled out further investment into the bank due to regulatory issues.[6] The deal was rapidly agreed upon and announced just before the Asian financial markets opened on Monday morning in order to prevent \"market shaking\" turmoil in the global financial markets.[7] Soon afterward, central banks across the world announced USD liquidity measures to try and ease wider market panic and avoid a wider banking crisis.[6]" }

{ "CATEGORY": "creative_writing", "CONTEXT": "" }

{ "CATEGORY": "information_extraction", "CONTEXT": "The Flash (Bartholomew Henry \"Barry\" Allen) is a superhero appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics. He is the second character known as the Flash, following Jay Garrick. The character first appeared in Showcase #4 (October 1956), created by writer Robert Kanigher and penciler Carmine Infantino.[1]\n\nLike other heroes who go by The Flash, Barry is a \"speedster\", with powers that derive mainly from his superhuman speed. He wears a distinct red and gold costume treated to resist friction and wind resistance, traditionally storing the costume compressed inside a ring. Originally created as a reimagining of the popular 1940s superhero The Flash (Jay Garrick), the success of the Barry Allen's Flash comic book helped to bring about the Silver Age of Comic Books, and contributed to a large growth in DC Comics' stable of science fiction comics and characters. During popular early volumes as the Flash, Barry established his own Rogues Gallery of colourful villains and sci-fi concepts like the Speed Force. Through crossovers with popular characters like Superman, Wonder Woman, and Batman, Barry Allen's Flash also helped establish DC's flagship Justice League title, whose success would define its publishing strategy for decades to come." }

{ "CATEGORY": "classification", "CONTEXT": "" }

{ "CATEGORY": "classification", "CONTEXT": "" }

{ "CATEGORY": "general_qa", "CONTEXT": "" }

{ "CATEGORY": "open_qa", "CONTEXT": "" }

{ "CATEGORY": "open_qa", "CONTEXT": "" }

{ "CATEGORY": "open_qa", "CONTEXT": "" }

{ "CATEGORY": "classification", "CONTEXT": "" }

{ "CATEGORY": "closed_qa", "CONTEXT": "Politically, the organization sought better relations with the newly autonomous Central and Eastern European states, and diplomatic forums for regional cooperation between NATO and its neighbours were set up during this post-Cold War period, including the Partnership for Peace and the Mediterranean Dialogue initiative in 1994, the Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council in 1997, and the NATO–Russia Permanent Joint Council in 1998. At the 1999 Washington summit, Hungary, Poland, and the Czech Republic officially joined NATO, and the organization also issued new guidelines for membership with individualized \"Membership Action Plans\". These plans governed the addition of new alliance members: Bulgaria, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Romania, Slovakia, and Slovenia in 2004, Albania and Croatia in 2009, Montenegro in 2017, and North Macedonia in 2020.[33] The election of French President Nicolas Sarkozy in 2007 led to a major reform of France's military position, culminating with the return to full membership on 4 April 2009, which also included France rejoining the NATO Military Command Structure, while maintaining an independent nuclear deterrent.[22][34][35]" }

{ "CATEGORY": "closed_qa", "CONTEXT": "Rio de Janeiro is one of the most visited cities in the Southern Hemisphere and is known for its natural settings, carnival, samba, bossa nova, and balneario beaches[12] such as Barra da Tijuca, Copacabana, Ipanema, and Leblon. In addition to the beaches, some of the most famous landmarks include the giant statue of Christ the Redeemer atop Corcovado mountain, named one of the New Seven Wonders of the World; Sugarloaf Mountain with its cable car; the Sambódromo (Sambadrome), a permanent grandstand-lined parade avenue which is used during Carnival; and Maracanã Stadium, one of the world's largest football stadiums. Rio de Janeiro was the host of the 2016 Summer Olympics and the 2016 Summer Paralympics, making the city the first South American and Portuguese-speaking city to ever host the events, and the third time the Olympics were held in a Southern Hemisphere city.[13] The Maracanã Stadium held the finals of the 1950 and 2014 FIFA World Cups, the 2013 FIFA Confederations Cup, and the XV Pan American Games." }

{ "CATEGORY": "closed_qa", "CONTEXT": "Typically offered as part of occupational therapy, ASI that places a child in a room specifically designed to stimulate and challenge all of the senses to elicit functional adaptive responses. Occupational Therapy is defined by the American Occupational Therapy Association (AOTA) as \"Occupational therapy practitioners in pediatric settings work with children and their families, caregivers and teachers to promote participation in meaningful activities and occupations\". In childhood, these occupations may include play, school and learning self-care tasks. An entry level Occupational Therapist can provide treatment for sensory processing disorder however, more advanced clinical training exists to target the underlying neuro-biological processes involved. \nSensory integration therapy is driven by four main principles:\nJust right challenge (the child must be able to successfully meet the challenges that are presented through playful activities)\nAdaptive response (the child adapts their behavior with new and useful strategies in response to the challenges presented)\nActive engagement (the child will want to participate because the activities are fun)\nChild directed (the child's preferences are used to initiate therapeutic experiences within the session)\nSerious questions have been raised as to the effectiveness of this therapy particularly in medical journals where the requirements for a treatment to be effective is much higher and developed than it's occupational therapy counter parts which often advocate the effectiveness of the treatment.\n\n\nSensory processing therapy\nThis therapy retains all of the above-mentioned four principles and adds:\nIntensity (person attends therapy daily for a prolonged period of time)\nDevelopmental approach (therapist adapts to the developmental age of the person, against actual age)\nTest-retest systematic evaluation (all clients are evaluated before and after)\nProcess driven vs. activity driven (therapist focuses on the \"just right\" emotional connection and the process that reinforces the relationship)\nParent education (parent education sessions are scheduled into the therapy process)\n\"Joie de vivre\" (happiness of life is therapy's main goal, attained through social participation, self-regulation, and self-esteem)\nCombination of best practice interventions (is often accompanied by integrated listening system therapy, floor time, and electronic media such as Xbox Kinect, Nintendo Wii, Makoto II machine training and others)\nWhile occupational therapists using a sensory integration frame of reference work on increasing a child's ability to adequately process sensory input, other OTs may focus on environmental accommodations that parents and school staff can use to enhance the child's function at home, school, and in the community.These may include selecting soft, tag-free clothing, avoiding fluorescent lighting, and providing ear plugs for \"emergency\" use (such as for fire drills)\nEvaluation of treatment effectiveness\nA 2019 review found sensory integration therapy to be effective for autism spectrum disorder.Another study from 2018 backs up the intervention for children with special needs,Additionally, the American Occupational Therapy Association supports the intervention.\nIn its overall review of the treatment effectiveness literature, Aetna concluded that \"The effectiveness of these therapies is unproven\",while the American Academy of Pediatrics concluded that \"parents should be informed that the amount of research regarding the effectiveness of sensory integration therapy is limited and inconclusive.\"A 2015 review concluded that SIT techniques exist \"outside the bounds of established evidence-based practice\" and that SIT is \"quite possibly a misuse of limited resources.\"" }

{ "CATEGORY": "brainstorming", "CONTEXT": "" }

{ "CATEGORY": "classification", "CONTEXT": "" }

{ "CATEGORY": "brainstorming", "CONTEXT": "" }

{ "CATEGORY": "general_qa", "CONTEXT": "" }

{ "CATEGORY": "open_qa", "CONTEXT": "" }

{ "CATEGORY": "brainstorming", "CONTEXT": "" }

{ "CATEGORY": "classification", "CONTEXT": "" }

{ "CATEGORY": "summarization", "CONTEXT": "Regular, brisk exercise of any kind can improve confidence, stamina, energy, weight control and life expectancy and reduces stress.[7] It can also decrease the risk of coronary heart disease, strokes, diabetes, high blood pressure, bowel cancer and osteoporosis.[7] Scientific studies have also shown that walking, besides its physical benefits, is also beneficial for the mind, improving memory skills, learning ability, concentration, mood, creativity, and abstract reasoning.[7] Sustained walking sessions for a minimum period of thirty to sixty minutes a day, five days a week, with the correct walking posture,[8] reduce health risks and have various overall health benefits, such as reducing the chances of cancer, type 2 diabetes, heart disease, anxiety disorder and depression.[9] Life expectancy is also increased even for individuals suffering from obesity or high blood pressure. Walking also improves bone health, especially strengthening the hip bone, and lowering the harmful low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and raising the useful high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol.[7] Studies have found that walking may also help prevent dementia and Alzheimer's." }

{ "CATEGORY": "creative_writing", "CONTEXT": "" }

{ "CATEGORY": "closed_qa", "CONTEXT": "Arcane (titled onscreen as Arcane: League of Legends) is an adult animated steampunk action-adventure television series created by Christian Linke and Alex Yee for Netflix. It was produced by the French animation studio Fortiche under the supervision of Riot Games. Set in Riot's League of Legends fictional universe, it primarily focuses on sisters Vi and Jinx. The series was announced at the League of Legends 10th anniversary celebration in 2019, and first released in November 2021. Following the conclusion of the first season, Riot Games and Netflix announced that a second season was in production." }

{ "CATEGORY": "classification", "CONTEXT": "" }

{ "CATEGORY": "brainstorming", "CONTEXT": "" }

{ "CATEGORY": "open_qa", "CONTEXT": "" }

{ "CATEGORY": "brainstorming", "CONTEXT": "" }

{ "CATEGORY": "open_qa", "CONTEXT": "" }

{ "CATEGORY": "brainstorming", "CONTEXT": "" }

{ "CATEGORY": "closed_qa", "CONTEXT": "The Open Era is the current era of professional tennis. It began in 1968 when the Grand Slam tournaments allowed professional players to compete with amateurs, ending the division that had persisted since the dawn of the sport in the 19th century. The first open tournament was the 1968 British Hard Court Championships held in April, followed by the inaugural open Grand Slam tournament, the 1968 French Open, a month later. Unless otherwise sourced, all records are based on data from the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP), the International Tennis Federation (ITF), and the official websites of the four Grand Slam tournaments. All rankings-related records are based on ATP rankings, which began in 1973." }

{ "CATEGORY": "general_qa", "CONTEXT": "" }

{ "CATEGORY": "creative_writing", "CONTEXT": "" }

{ "CATEGORY": "open_qa", "CONTEXT": "" }

{ "CATEGORY": "open_qa", "CONTEXT": "" }

{ "CATEGORY": "information_extraction", "CONTEXT": "King Field (alternately, Kingfield) is a neighborhood in the Southwest community in Minneapolis, Minnesota. Its boundaries are 36th Street to the north, Interstate 35W to the east, 46th Street to the south, and Lyndale Avenue to the west. King Field, within the King Field neighborhood is a park named after Martin Luther King Jr.\n\nThis was farm country in the 2nd half of the 19th century. Transportation was by horse and buggy. Fewer than 20 farms had been established by 1874. C.C. Garvey owned a dairy farm near 44th Street and Grand Ave. George Bichnell farmed 18 acres (73,000 m2) of land from Lyndale to Pleasant, 42nd to 43rd Streets. Hiram Van Nest farmed 28 acres (110,000 m2) of land from 40th to 42nd, Pleasant to Lyndale. The Farmsworth farm occupied 57 acres (230,000 m2) south of 47th Street and East of Nicollet." }

{ "CATEGORY": "closed_qa", "CONTEXT": "Since the eyes are believed to be expressive, the eyes portrayed in Maitum jars are given high regard in describing the dead. The eyes are classified to four major shapes: (1) almond, (2) ovaloid, (3) round and (4) rectangular." }

{ "CATEGORY": "open_qa", "CONTEXT": "" }

{ "CATEGORY": "brainstorming", "CONTEXT": "" }

{ "CATEGORY": "open_qa", "CONTEXT": "" }

{ "CATEGORY": "classification", "CONTEXT": "" }

{ "CATEGORY": "general_qa", "CONTEXT": "" }

{ "CATEGORY": "general_qa", "CONTEXT": "" }

{ "CATEGORY": "information_extraction", "CONTEXT": "The concept of customer relationship management started in the early 1970s, when customer satisfaction was evaluated using annual surveys or by front-line asking.[7] At that time, businesses had to rely on standalone mainframe systems to automate sales, but the extent of technology allowed them to categorize customers in spreadsheets and lists. One of the best-known precursors of the modern-day CRM is the Farley File. Developed by Franklin Roosevelt’s campaign manager, James Farley, the Farley File was a comprehensive set of records detailing political and personal facts on people FDR and Farley met or were supposed to meet. Using it, people that FDR met were impressed by his \"recall\" of facts about their family and what they were doing professionally and politically.[8] In 1982, Kate and Robert D. Kestenbaum introduced the concept of database marketing, namely applying statistical methods to analyze and gather customer data.[citation needed] By 1986, Pat Sullivan and Mike Muhney released a customer evaluation system called ACT! based on the principle of digital Rolodex, which offered a contact management service for the first time.\n\nThe trend was followed by numerous companies and independent developers trying to maximize lead potential, including Tom Siebel of Siebel Systems, who designed the first CRM product, Siebel Customer Relationship Management, in 1993.[9] In order to compete with these new and quickly growing stand-alone CRM solutions, the established enterprise resource planning (ERP) software companies like Oracle, SAP,[10] Peoplesoft (an Oracle subsidiary as of 2005)[11] and Navision[12] started extending their sales, distribution and customer service capabilities with embedded CRM modules. This included embedding sales force automation or extended customer service (e.g. inquiry, activity management) as CRM features in their ERP.\n\nCustomer relationship management was popularized in 1997, due to the work of Siebel, Gartner, and IBM. Between 1997 and 2000, leading CRM products were enriched with shipping and marketing capabilities.[13] Siebel introduced the first mobile CRM app called Siebel Sales Handheld in 1999. The idea of a stand-alone, cloud-hosted customer base was soon adopted by other leading providers at the time, including PeopleSoft (acquired by Oracle),[11] Oracle, SAP and Salesforce.com.[14]\n\nThe first open-source CRM system was developed by SugarCRM in 2004. During this period, CRM was rapidly migrating to the cloud, as a result of which it became accessible to sole entrepreneurs and small teams. This increase in accessibility generated a huge wave of price reduction.[13] Around 2009, developers began considering the options to profit from social media's momentum and designed tools to help companies become accessible on all users' favourite networks. Many startups at the time benefited from this trend to provide exclusively social CRM solutions, including Base and Nutshell.[13] The same year, Gartner organized and held the first Customer Relationship Management Summit, and summarized the features systems should offer to be classified as CRM solutions.[15] In 2013 and 2014, most of the popular CRM products were linked to business intelligence systems and communication software to improve corporate communication and end-users' experience. The leading trend is to replace standardized CRM solutions with industry-specific ones, or to make them customizable enough to meet the needs of every business.[16] In November 2016, Forrester released a report where it \"identified the nine most significant CRM suites from eight prominent vendors\"" }

{ "CATEGORY": "summarization", "CONTEXT": "HMS St David was a 54-gun fourth rate ship of the line of the English Royal Navy, launched in 1667 at Lydney.[1]\n\nShe foundered in Portsmouth Harbour in 1689 [2] and was raised in 1691 under the supervision of Edmund Dummer, Surveyor of the Navy.\n\nThe ship was later hulked and finally sold in 1713." }

{ "CATEGORY": "summarization", "CONTEXT": "In probability theory and statistics, a probability distribution is the mathematical function that gives the probabilities of occurrence of different possible outcomes for an experiment.[1][2] It is a mathematical description of a random phenomenon in terms of its sample space and the probabilities of events (subsets of the sample space).[3]\n\nFor instance, if X is used to denote the outcome of a coin toss (\"the experiment\"), then the probability distribution of X would take the value 0.5 (1 in 2 or 1/2) for X = heads, and 0.5 for X = tails (assuming that the coin is fair). Examples of random phenomena include the weather conditions at some future date, the height of a randomly selected person, the fraction of male students in a school, the results of a survey to be conducted, etc.[4]" }

{ "CATEGORY": "brainstorming", "CONTEXT": "" }

{ "CATEGORY": "classification", "CONTEXT": "" }

{ "CATEGORY": "information_extraction", "CONTEXT": "The C++ language has two main components: a direct mapping of hardware features provided primarily by the C subset, and zero-overhead abstractions based on those mappings. Stroustrup describes C++ as \"a light-weight abstraction programming language [designed] for building and using efficient and elegant abstractions\";[14] and \"offering both hardware access and abstraction is the basis of C++. Doing it efficiently is what distinguishes it from other languages.\"[61] C++ inherits most of C's syntax." }

{ "CATEGORY": "information_extraction", "CONTEXT": "Bosch's mother was a prostitute in Hollywood who was murdered on October 28, 1961, when Bosch was 11 years old. His father, who he met later in life, was Mickey Haller Sr., a prominent defense attorney known for representing mobster Mickey Cohen, among other clients." }

{ "CATEGORY": "open_qa", "CONTEXT": "" }

{ "CATEGORY": "information_extraction", "CONTEXT": "The Philmont Training Center (PTC), located at the Philmont Scout Ranch near Cimarron, New Mexico, has been the National Training Center of the Boy Scouts of America (BSA) since 1950. The PTC offers week-long training conferences from June through September for council, district, and unit volunteers, BSA professionals, and youth leaders with several conferences taking place each week. The PTC also offers activities for family members including hikes throughout the week and a week-long backpacking program called a Mountain Trek for youth ages 14 to 20. Nearby commercial airports are the Albuquerque International Sunport airport, Denver International Airport, Colorado Springs Airport, Pueblo Memorial Airport with service to Denver, and Rick Husband Amarillo International Airport." }

{ "CATEGORY": "closed_qa", "CONTEXT": "Sir Oliver Ingham (about 1287–1344) was an English knight and landowner who served as a soldier and administrator under King Edward II of England and his successor, King Edward III. He was responsible for the civil government and military defence of the Duchy of Aquitaine during the War of Saint-Sardos and the early part of the Hundred Years' War.\n\nBorn about 1287, he was the son and heir of Sir John Ingham (1260-1309) of Ingham, Norfolk, who had served in the wars of King Edward I against the Scots, and his wife Margery. In 1310 he not only inherited his father's lands in Norfolk, Suffolk, Wiltshire and Hampshire but was himself summoned by King Edward II for military service against Scotland. Appointed a household knight of the king, he received many royal grants including the custody of Ellesmere Castle in Shropshire, keeper for the counties of Cheshire and Flintshire, and official positions in Shropshire and Wiltshire. As a knight banneret, he served in Scotland with the king in August 1322." }

{ "CATEGORY": "general_qa", "CONTEXT": "" }

{ "CATEGORY": "brainstorming", "CONTEXT": "" }

{ "CATEGORY": "classification", "CONTEXT": "" }

{ "CATEGORY": "open_qa", "CONTEXT": "" }

{ "CATEGORY": "closed_qa", "CONTEXT": "Svea Kristina Frisch (15 June 1898 in Ramsberg, Örebro county[1] – 1991), known as Kristina Lindstrand, was a Swedish actor, journalist, author, and poet.\n\nHer first marriage was during 1922–1927 with the actor and director Ivar Kåge,[1] and the second (1929–1946) was with the painter Vicke Lindstrand. She moved from Sweden to Italy in 1969." }

{ "CATEGORY": "general_qa", "CONTEXT": "" }

{ "CATEGORY": "information_extraction", "CONTEXT": "Octávio Tarquínio de Sousa (7 September 1889 – 22 December 1959) was a Brazilian writer and historian who wrote several works on the history of Brazil and some of its historical figures, such as emperor Pedro I, José Bonifácio and Diogo Antônio Feijó. His most notable work was the compilation História dos Fundadores do Império do Brasil published in 1957. Tarquínio died in a plane crash in 1959.\n\nBiography\nEarly life and legal career\nThe son of Bráulio Tarquínio de Sousa Amaranto and Joana Oliveira de Sousa, Tarquínio was born in Rio de Janeiro on 7 September 1889.[a] He finished his secondary studies and joined the Faculty of Legal and Social Sciences of Rio de Janeiro, where he graduated with a law degree in 1907, beginning his career in the Postal Office administration and later joining the Postal Service of Rio de Janeiro from 1914 to 1918.[1][2]\n\nIn 1918 he became the general attorney of the Federal Court of Audits. In 1924 he was the Brazilian representative to the International Conference on Emigration and Immigration held in Rome. In 1932 he became one of the court's ministers, retiring in 1946.[1][2][3]\n\nCareer as writer and historian\nTarquínio began his career as a writer in 1914, when he published the work Monólogo das Coisas, a collection of short stories with some of his personal memoirs, and began to actively collaborate with the journal O Estado de S. Paulo from 1916 to 1917. In 1928 he published a translation to Portuguese of Omar Khayam's Rubaiyat, also acting as a literary critic.[1][2]\n\nTogether with important Brazilian intellectuals who emerged in the 1930s, such as Gilberto Freyre, Caio Prado Júnior and Sérgio Buarque de Holanda, Tarquínio elaborated studies on Brazilian history, bringing new concepts to historiography and writing biographies about important historical Brazilian figures such as Bernardo Pereira de Vasconcelos, Evaristo da Veiga, Diogo Antônio Feijó, José Bonifácio and Pedro I. The biographies were written from 1937 to 1952 and later compiled in a single work: História dos Fundadores do Império do Brasil (History of the Founders of the Empire of Brazil), in 1957, becoming his most notable work.[4][5]\n\nDeath\nTarquínio died in a plane crash in Rio de Janeiro on 22 December 1959, together with his wife Lucia Miguel Pereira (b. 1904).[1]" }

{ "CATEGORY": "open_qa", "CONTEXT": "" }

{ "CATEGORY": "summarization", "CONTEXT": "The 993 Turbo coupé was introduced in 1995. It featured a new twin-turbocharged engine displacing 3.6 liters and generating a maximum power output of 300 kW (408 PS; 402 hp).[17] Air-to-air intercoolers, electronic engine management, redesigned cylinder heads, and other modified engine internals completed the new engine. The 993 Turbo was the first 911 Turbo with all-wheel drive, taken from the 959 flagship model.[18] The Turbo's bodywork differs from the Carrera by widened rear wheel arches (about 6 cm), redesigned front and rear bumper moldings, and a fixed \"whale tail\" rear wing housing the intercoolers. New 18-inch (460 mm) alloy wheels with hollow spokes were standard.[19]" }

{ "CATEGORY": "open_qa", "CONTEXT": "" }

{ "CATEGORY": "summarization", "CONTEXT": "The Garshasp-nama is an epic poem by Asadi Tusi (died 1072/73). It has been described as one of the best epic poems in Persian literature, comparable to Shahnameh, by Ferdowsi, and the most important work of Asadi Tusi. Asadi Tusi completed the poem in 1066 and dedicated it to a certain Abu Dulaf, the ruler of Nakhjavan (nothing is known about him). The poem has also been translated to other languages such as French and German. It seems that Asadi Tusi wrote this poem based on a written source. Like the Shahnameh, it contains few Arabic loan-words and consists of some 9,000 verses. The main hero of this epic poem is Garshasp, the son of Etret, and grandson of Sām. The poem begins with the story of Jamshid and Zahhak. Jamshid is overthrown by Zahhak and flees to Zabolistan. In Zabolistan, Jamshid falls in love with an unnamed daughter of Kurang, the king of Zabolistan, and she bore a child for Jamshid, named Tur (not to be confused with Tur, the son of Freydun). Jamshid flees again to China. Garshasp is actually the grandson of Tur's grandson." }

{ "CATEGORY": "closed_qa", "CONTEXT": "Kalis Ilustrisimo is a style of Eskrima founded by Antonio \"Tatang\" Ilustrisimo.\n\nKalis Ilustrisimo means \"The Bladed Art of Ilustrisimo\": calis (or caris) being another term for sword, blade and knife in Luzon and the Visayas and its usage as esgrimir and esgrima (Spanish for fencing/sword fighting) as defined in Spanish-era Ilocano, Pampango, Tagalog, Bicolano, Ilonggo, Waray & Cebuano dictionary/vocabulary recordings dating back to 1512,[1] as the art of Tatang is more blade-oriented than stick-oriented." }

{ "CATEGORY": "classification", "CONTEXT": "" }

{ "CATEGORY": "classification", "CONTEXT": "" }

{ "CATEGORY": "open_qa", "CONTEXT": "" }

{ "CATEGORY": "brainstorming", "CONTEXT": "" }

{ "CATEGORY": "open_qa", "CONTEXT": "" }

{ "CATEGORY": "open_qa", "CONTEXT": "" }

{ "CATEGORY": "closed_qa", "CONTEXT": "Dance Mums with Jennifer Ellison is a British reality television series that made its debut on Lifetime on 20 October 2014.[1] Created by Shiver Productions, it is set in Liverpool, England, at Jelli Studios and follows the early careers of children in dance and show business, as well as the participation of their mothers. It is a spin-off of the American TV series Dance Moms.\n\nThe second series began airing on 12 October 2015, but the show was not commissioned for a third series." }

{ "CATEGORY": "brainstorming", "CONTEXT": "" }

{ "CATEGORY": "open_qa", "CONTEXT": "" }

{ "CATEGORY": "general_qa", "CONTEXT": "" }

{ "CATEGORY": "summarization", "CONTEXT": "Adolphe Cohn (May 29, 1851[1]– 1930) was a Franco-American educator, born in Paris. He was graduated \"bachelier ès lettres\" from the University of Paris in 1868, and studied law, historical criticism, and philology at various institutions of higher learning in Paris, receiving the degrees of LL.B. in 1873. A pupil of the École des Chartes, his thesis was called Vues sur l’histoire de l’organisation judiciaire en France du IXe au XIIIe siècle considérée au point de vue des juridictions extraordinaires and he got the diploma of \"archiviste paléographe\" in 1874.[2] At the commencement of the Franco-Prussian War in 1870, he enlisted and served in the French army throughout the struggle.\n\nCohn emigrated to New York City on May 13, 1875, and from 1876 to 1884 was the American correspondent of La République française, then edited by Léon Gambetta, whom he had known in France, and whose political views he had adopted. In March, 1882, Cohn was appointed tutor in French at Columbia College, and soon afterward made an instructor. By a popular vote of the French residents of New York he was chosen to deliver the funeral oration on Gambetta in 1883 at Tammany Hall, and in 1885 was called from Cambridge, Massachusetts, for a similar purpose, upon the death of Victor Hugo." }