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{ "text": [ "Population: one species in an area Community: one species worldwide", "Population: organisms in a small area Community: organisms in a large area", "Population: living parts of an area Community: living and nonliving parts of an area", "Population: one type of organism in an area Community: many types of organisms in an area" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "glaciers moving large pieces of a fractured rock", "tree roots growing in a fractured rock", "ice freezing on a rock surface", "wind blowing sand against a rock surface" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "The old relationship was parasitic. The new relationship is mutualistic.", "The old relationship was mutualistic. The new relationship is parasitic.", "Both relationships are parasitic.", "Both relationships are mutualistic." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "The air in the beach ball escaped.", "The air in the beach ball became a liquid.", "The type of air in the beach ball changed.", "The shape of the air in the beach ball changed." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "contains fossil remains", "consists of tectonic plates", "is located at the center of Earth", "has properties of both liquids and solids" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "50 grams", "250 grams", "300 grams", "550 grams" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "wood burning", "light shining", "a song playing on a radio", "a wagon rolling down a hill" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "air.", "iron.", "water.", "a vacuum." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "greatest surface area and most direct sunlight", "greatest surface area and least direct sunlight", "least surface area and most direct sunlight", "least surface area and least direct sunlight" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "tornado formations", "low temperatures", "violent air mass collisions", "cloud formations bringing precipitation" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "the total mass of the rock", "the rate at which the rock formed", "the types of fossils that the rock contains", "the amount of time passed since the rock formed" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "increased level of oxygen", "increased level of carbon dioxide", "decreased ability to support life", "decreased ability to transmit light" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "the force of gravity acting on the student", "the air pressure surrounding the student", "the mass of the student", "the volume of the student" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "experience an increase in their amplitude.", "experience an increase in frequency.", "experience a decrease from transverse waves to longitudinal waves.", "experience a decrease in frequency." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "Ceramic", "Wood", "Glass", "Iron" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "The mass of the balloon increases because the size of the balloon has increased.", "The mass of the balloon increases because the temperature of the balloon has increased.", "The mass of the balloon stays the same because the gas inside the balloon still has the same mass after it warms up.", "The mass of the balloon stays the same because warming decreases the mass enough to cancel out the effect of increasing the size." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "an acid.", "water.", "a base.", "hydrogen." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "the addition of acids to create a ball of food", "the secretion of pepsin to change proteins to peptides", "the breakdown of food substances by digestive juices", "the squeezing of food through the intestines" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "the position of the Moon around Earth", "the position of Earth around the Sun", "the rotation of the Moon", "the rotation of Earth" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "rationing.", "recycling.", "substitution.", "conservation." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "Pressure has been converted to light.", "Force has been converted to light.", "Closing an electric circuit has produced light.", "Opening an electric circuit has produced light." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "They both are formed from the remains of dead organisms.", "They both are acquired by mining the lithosphere.", "They both release energy through combustion.", "They both generate radioactive wastes." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "When more trees are harvested than are replanted.", "When trees are harvested and replanted at the same rate.", "When trees are used as an energy resource.", "When trees are used as a material resource." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "competition.", "mutualism.", "predation.", "parasitism." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "telescope lens.", "a tinted window.", "magnifying glass.", "a pair of eyeglasses." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "The south is always warmer than the north.", "There is less land than water in the south.", "North America receives less direct sunlight during the winter.", "When it is December in North America, it is June in South America." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "A traumatic injury to the body has occurred.", "A disruption in the cell cycle has taken place.", "A response by the immune system was triggered by an allergic reaction.", "A mutation occurred during the process of crossing over." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "0.625 m/s^2", "0.8 m/s^2", "1.25 m/s^2", "2.5 m/s^2" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "placing a scarf over the shade of a lamp", "viewing objects using the side mirror of a car", "looking at pebbles through the water in a stream", "using a flashlight to light up a forest path at night" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "amoeba", "euglena", "paramecium", "volvox" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "A bird builds a nest.", "A spider spins a web.", "A lion cub practices its hunting skills.", "An earthworm moves away from bright light." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "liquid changing to a solid", "solid changing to a liquid", "gas changing to a solid", "gas changing to a liquid" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "eating seeds.", "drinking water.", "laying eggs.", "breathing oxygen." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "high blood sugar levels", "swelling of throat tissues", "numbness in fingers", "blockage of blood vessels in the leg" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "seasons changing", "Sun rising and setting", "Moon waxing and waning", "Moon revolving around the Sun" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "Light-colored clothes let more air in.", "Light-colored clothes prevent sweating.", "Light-colored clothes are not as heavy as dark-colored clothes.", "Light-colored clothes reflect more sunlight than dark-colored clothes." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "9.00 grams", "16.0 grams", "32.0 grams", "40.0 grams" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "5 km", "20 km", "40 km", "50 km" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "wearing gloves while handling the samples", "cleaning all materials they have finished using", "bringing food and drinks into the laboratory", "washing hands before leaving the laboratory" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "Fish have gills.", "Fish eat the same food.", "Fish live in the same area.", "Fish have the same predators." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "are microscopic", "do not contain DNA", "reproduce very quickly", "cause infectious diseases" ], "label": [ "1", "2", "3", "4" ] }

{ "text": [ "The wind", "The Sun", "Air pressure", "Ocean currents" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "0%", "25%", "50%", "100%" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "a preference for rare insects", "an unusually high-pitched call", "skin that resembles tree leaves", "a body larger than other tree frogs" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "The fish will lay many more eggs to replace the fish that were caught.", "Organisms that eat the fish could become endangered due to starvation.", "Organisms that the fish eat will become endangered.", "People could eat too many fish and become ill.." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "The chromosomes change shape.", "The number of chromosomes doubles.", "The chromosomes become larger in size.", "The number of chromosomes reduces by half." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "use different plants", "do the experiment again", "add a third type of music", "use fewer plants" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "natural selection.", "asexual reproduction.", "selective breeding.", "genetic engineering." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "-10°C", "20°C", "90°C", "120°C" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "a written description", "a table", "a station model", "a weather map" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "4 km/h", "40 km/h", "70 km/h", "280 km/h" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "using a different amount of people in each trial", "writing down the names of the people in the study", "monitoring the reaction of each person in the study", "applying the same amount of cream to each person" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "an atom.", "a mixture.", "an element.", "a compound." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "providing them with fertilizer.", "helping them grow taller.", "aiding them in reproduction.", "increasing photosynthesis." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "a neutron", "a proton", "an electron", "an atom" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "They would raise fish with as little pollution as possible.", "They would raise fish as economically as possible.", "They would raise fish from as many species as possible.", "They would raise fish to be as flavorful as possible." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "Aeration kills anaerobic bacteria.", "Aeration removes dissolved gases.", "Aeration oxidizes dissolved metal ions.", "Aeration removes some solvents and chemicals." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "strong earthquakes occurring along fault zones", "data and ideas being shared among scientists", "a scientific law being passed by Congress", "teachers beginning to teach the newer theory" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "A major reservoir of fresh water will decrease.", "Plant life will increase due to higher sea levels.", "Water runoff will cause an increase in ocean salinity.", "Ocean temperature will decrease with the addition of cold water." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "Tundras are warmer than grasslands.", "Grasslands get more rain than deserts.", "Deserts have more plants than rainforests.", "Rainforests are rockier than tundras." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "It has an infinite energy supply.", "It is near the end of its life cycle.", "It is in its infancy in terms of energy consumption.", "It has consumed approximately one-half of its expendable energy." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "metal is corrosive to the skin.", "foot carries large amounts of bacteria.", "foot is the most sensitive part of the body.", "metal may be contaminated and cause infection." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "rabbit, seed, bird", "seed, bird, wind", "Volcano, candle, rabbit", "wind, candle, volcano" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "The larger rose will have fewer petals than the smaller rose.", "The larger rose will more easily attract bees than the smaller rose.", "The smaller rose will have more pollen than the larger rose.", "The smaller rose will grow faster than the larger rose." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "They would increase in number.", "They would find a new food source.", "They would become prey to other animals.", "They would compete for a limited food source." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "spring", "summer", "winter", "autumn" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "The tilt of Earth allows Earth to absorb all of the Sun’s radiation as it rotates.", "The tilt allows certain latitudes of Earth to be heated at a greater rate while Earth rotates.", "The tilt of Earth allows Earth to rotate fast enough to allow surface cooling to occur at night.", "The tilt allows energy to be evenly distributed throughout the atmosphere while Earth rotates." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "Compacted soil will absorb too much water.", "Plants cannot grow when soil is compacted.", "Minerals are destroyed when soil is compacted.", "Compacted soil increases soil acidity." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "freezing and dry regions", "warm and moist regions", "cool and humid regions", "hot and dry regions" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "size", "shape", "weight", "hardness" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "day", "year", "season", "minute" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "When to plant her lettuce", "Where to plant her lettuce", "How much water to give lettuce", "How many lettuce plants to grow" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "repeat the experiment and check for errors", "change the observations to match the hypothesis", "redo the experiment until the expected results are obtained", "record and analyze the data after changing the hypothesis" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "gasoline evaporating from soil", "gasoline catching fire in the soil", "gasoline polluting an old septic system", "gasoline trickling down into groundwater" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "once-living organisms", "cold-water oceans", "erupting volcanoes", "forest fires" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "claws for obtaining food", "wings for eliminating waste", "feathers for breathing", "eyes for growing" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "solar power", "diesel generator", "hydroelectric dams", "power lines" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "It is a liquid.", "It weighs more.", "It stays in one shape.", "It takes up less space." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "The investigation only lasted one year.", "The only organ studied was the heart.", "The investigation tested only men.", "The age of the participants varied." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "The Sun and the Moon have the same diameter.", "The Moon is larger in diameter and farther from Earth than the Sun.", "The Moon is smaller in diameter and is closer to Earth than the Sun.", "The Sun and the Moon are the same distance from Earth." ], "label": [ "1", "2", "3", "4" ] }

{ "text": [ "Energy can be converted into mass.", "Friction reduces the efficiency in a system.", "The amount of energy in a system remains constant.", "Potential energy can be converted into kinetic energy." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "The kinetic energy of the solid decreases.", "The average density of the solid increases.", "The specific heat capacity of the solid decreases.", "The average molecular speed in the solid increases." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "humans", "fish", "birds", "bacteria" ], "label": [ "1", "2", "3", "4" ] }

{ "text": [ "running", "hibernating", "huddling in a group", "growing thicker fur" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "centuries of gradual climate change", "catastrophic destruction of habitat", "rapid and profound climate change", "immediate loss of primary food source" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "its color", "its length of ears", "its food preference", "its ability to see in the dark" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "Amount of Water vs. Height of Plants", "Temperature vs. Amount of Sunlight", "Amount of Water vs. Amount of Soil", "Amount of Sunlight vs. Height of Plants" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "texture", "color", "amount of sand", "amount of clay" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "Are dogs better pets than cats?.", "Are dogs happy when they are walked?.", "Are cats more active at night than during the day?.", "Are cats easier to take care of than dogs?." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "expands in the freezer and then contracts as it gets warmer again", "contracts in the freezer and then expands as it gets warmer again", "expands in the freezer and then keeps that volume when warmed up", "contracts in the freezer and then keeps that volume when warmed up" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "watching television", "smoking cigarettes", "eating candy", "exercising every day" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "water", "vinegar", "salt", "formaldehyde" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "recycling paper and plastic", "riding a bicycle to school", "helping seeds to germinate", "throwing garbage into a stream" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "egg", "adult", "pupa", "caterpillar" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "must be solid.", "could be either solid or liquid.", "must be liquid.", "could be either liquid or gas." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "The rocks have been melted by a magma.", "The rocks have been broken by faults.", "The rocks have been weathered by water.", "The rocks have been folded by pressure." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "the seasons", "day and night", "the orbit of the Moon", "lunar and solar eclipses" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "A logging company deforested millions of acres in South America.", "A major earthquake and tsunami changed the path of the Gulf Stream.", "A major volcanic eruption released ash and sulfur gas into the atmosphere.", "An increase in the use of automobiles released more carbon dioxide into the atmosphere." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "leaf color.", "seed type.", "bean production.", "plant height." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "Oxygen is provided. Carbon dioxide is removed.", "Carbon dioxide is provided. Oxygen is removed.", "Carbon dioxide is provided. Nitrogen is removed.", "Oxygen is provided. Nitrogen is removed." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }