Datasets:

Magneto
/

caption_for_mars_and_rover_image_size_1024

Dataset card Viewer Files Files and versions Community

Split (3)

train · 8.8k rows

url stringlengths 50 50	image_path stringlengths 45 45	short_caption stringlengths 3 255	long_caption stringlengths 31 10.7k
https://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA13883	/content/Nasa_Mars_Images/PIA13883_modest.jpg	A landslide occurred from the rim of this unnamed crater in Margaritifer Terra as seen by NASA's Mars Odyssey.	Context imageA landslide occurred from the rim of this unnamed crater in Margaritifer Terra.Orbit Number: 40136 Latitude: -19.127 Longitude: 344.373 Instrument: VIS Captured: 2011-01-01 01:44Please see the THEMIS Data Citation Note for details on crediting THEMIS images.NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory manages the 2001 Mars Odyssey mission for NASA's Science Mission Directorate, Washington, D.C. The Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS) was developed by Arizona State University, Tempe, in collaboration with Raytheon Santa Barbara Remote Sensing. The THEMIS investigation is led by Dr. Philip Christensen at Arizona State University. Lockheed Martin Astronautics, Denver, is the prime contractor for the Odyssey project, and developed and built the orbiter. Mission operations are conducted jointly from Lockheed Martin and from JPL, a division of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena.
https://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA16974	/content/Nasa_Mars_Images/PIA16974_modest.jpg	This image captured by NASA's 2001 Mars Odyssey spacecraft of the western floor of Gale Crater shows the large region of sand and sand dunes present southwest of the landing site.	Context imageDuring the month of April Mars will be in conjunction relative to the Earth. This means the Sun is in the line-of-sight between Earth and Mars, and communication between the two planets is almost impossible. For conjunction, the rovers and orbiting spacecraft at Mars continue to operate, but do not send the data to Earth. This recorded data will be sent to Earth when Mars moves away from the sun and the line-of-sight between Earth and Mars is reestablished. During conjunction the THEMIS image of the day will be a visual tour of Gale Crater, the location of the newest rover Curiosity. This image of the western floor of Gale Crater shows the large region of sand and sand dunes present southwest of the landing site.Orbit Number: 38546 Latitude: -4.98533 Longitude: 137.028 Instrument: VIS Captured: 2010-08-23 03:31Please see the THEMIS Data Citation Note for details on crediting THEMIS images.NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory manages the 2001 Mars Odyssey mission for NASA's Science Mission Directorate, Washington, D.C. The Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS) was developed by Arizona State University, Tempe, in collaboration with Raytheon Santa Barbara Remote Sensing. The THEMIS investigation is led by Dr. Philip Christensen at Arizona State University. Lockheed Martin Astronautics, Denver, is the prime contractor for the Odyssey project, and developed and built the orbiter. Mission operations are conducted jointly from Lockheed Martin and from JPL, a division of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena.
https://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA12450	/content/Nasa_Mars_Images/PIA12450_modest.jpg	Taken by NASA's 2001 Mars Odyssey spacecraft, this image shows a small portion of the floor of Capri Chasma. Bright layered deposits and dunes are visible.	Context imageCredit: NASA/JPL/MOLAThis VIS image shows a small portion of the floor of Capri Chasma. Bright layered deposits and dunes are visible in this image.Image information: VIS instrument. Latitude -12.6N, Longitude 313.7E. 18 meter/pixel resolution.Please see the THEMIS Data Citation Note for details on crediting THEMIS images.Note: this THEMIS visual image has not been radiometrically nor geometrically calibrated for this preliminary release. An empirical correction has been performed to remove instrumental effects. A linear shift has been applied in the cross-track and down-track direction to approximate spacecraft and planetary motion. Fully calibrated and geometrically projected images will be released through the Planetary Data System in accordance with Project policies at a later time.NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory manages the 2001 Mars Odyssey mission for NASA's Office of Space Science, Washington, D.C. The Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS) was developed by Arizona State University, Tempe, in collaboration with Raytheon Santa Barbara Remote Sensing. The THEMIS investigation is led by Dr. Philip Christensen at Arizona State University. Lockheed Martin Astronautics, Denver, is the prime contractor for the Odyssey project, and developed and built the orbiter. Mission operations are conducted jointly from Lockheed Martin and from JPL, a division of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena.
https://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA16960	/content/Nasa_Mars_Images/PIA16960_modest.jpg	This image captured by NASA's 2001 Mars Odyssey spacecraft shows the rough terrain just inside the eastern rim of Gale Crater as well as the eastern extent of Mr. Sharp.	Context imageDuring the month of April Mars will be in conjunction relative to the Earth. This means the Sun is in the line-of-sight between Earth and Mars, and communication between the two planets is almost impossible. For conjunction, the rovers and orbiting spacecraft at Mars continue to operate, but do not send the data to Earth. This recorded data will be sent to Earth when Mars moves away from the sun and the line-of-sight between Earth and Mars is reestablished. During conjunction the THEMIS image of the day will be a visual tour of Gale Crater, the location of the newest rover Curiosity.This image shows the rough terrain just inside the eastern rim of Gale Crater as well as the eastern extent of Mr. Sharp.Orbit Number: 27179 Latitude: -5.29255 Longitude: 138.708 Instrument: VIS Captured: 2008-01-30 03:48 Please see the THEMIS Data Citation Note for details on crediting THEMIS images.NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory manages the 2001 Mars Odyssey mission for NASA's Science Mission Directorate, Washington, D.C. The Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS) was developed by Arizona State University, Tempe, in collaboration with Raytheon Santa Barbara Remote Sensing. The THEMIS investigation is led by Dr. Philip Christensen at Arizona State University. Lockheed Martin Astronautics, Denver, is the prime contractor for the Odyssey project, and developed and built the orbiter. Mission operations are conducted jointly from Lockheed Martin and from JPL, a division of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena.
https://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA03837	/content/Nasa_Mars_Images/PIA03837_modest.jpg	This positive relief feature in the ancient highlands of Mars, imaged by NASA's Mars Odyssey spacecraft, appears to be a heavily eroded volcanic center. The top of the feature appears to be under attack by the erosive forces of the Martian wind.	(Released 26 June 2002)The ScienceThis positive relief feature (see MOLA context) in the ancient highlands of Mars appears to be a heavily eroded volcanic center. The top of this feature appears to be under attack by the erosive forces of the martian wind. Light-toned streaks are visible, trending northeast to southwest, and may be caused by scouring of the terrain, or they may be dune forms moving sand. The northeast portion of the caldera area looks as though a layer of material is being removed to expose a slightly lighter-toned surface underneath. The flanks of this feature are slightly less cratered than the surrounding terrain, which could be explained in two ways: 1) this feature may be younger than the surrounding area, and has had less time to accumulate meteorite impacts, or 2) the slopes that are observed today may be so heavily eroded that the original, cratered surfaces are now gone, exposing relatively uncratered rocks. Although most of Terra Cimmeria has low albedo, some eastern portions, such as shown in this image, demonstrate an overall lack of contrast that attests to the presence of a layer of dust mantling the surface. This dust, in part, is responsible for the muted appearance and infill of many of the craters at the northern and southern ends of this imageThe StoryThis flat-topped volcano pops out from the surface, the swirls of its ancient lava flows running down onto the ancient highlands of Mars. Its smooth top appears to be under attack by the erosive forces of the martian wind.How can you tell? Click on the image above for a close-up look. You'll see some light-toned streaks that run in a northeast-southwest direction. They are caused either by the scouring of the terrain or dunes of moving sand. Either way, the wind likely plays upon the volcano's surface. Look also for the subtle, nearly crescent shaped feature at the northeast portion of the volcano's cap. It looks as if a layer of material has been removed by the wind, exposing a slightly lighter-toned surface underneath.The sides of the volcano are less cratered than the rest of the terrain. Perhaps that means it is younger than the surrounding area and has had less time to accumulate meteorite impacts. On the other hand, perhaps erosion has scrubbed away the original cratered surfaces. It's a little hard to tell which possibility holds the key to the history of this area.Although most of Terra Cimmeria can look relatively darker (has a low albedo or low "reflective power") than some other Martian areas, its eastern portions sometimes have an overall lack of contrast as seen in the above image. A layer of dust blankets the surface here, causing it to look muted. Many of the craters in the northern and southern ends of the image also seem subdued, as dust has partly filled in the stark holes they once created.The Cimmerians who give their name to this region were an ancient, little-known people of southern Russia mentioned in Assyrian inscriptions and by Homer.
https://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA20634	/content/Nasa_Mars_Images/PIA20634_modest.jpg	This image captured by NASA's 2001 Mars Odyssey spacecraft shows both branches of Nanedi Valles, close to the point where they join to form a single channel.	Context imageThis VIS image shows both branches of Nanedi Valles, close to the point where they join to form a single channel. Nanedi Valles is located in Xanthe Terra.Orbit Number: 63598 Latitude: 6.84291 Longitude: 312.193 Instrument: VIS Captured: 2016-04-15 11:04Please see the THEMIS Data Citation Note for details on crediting THEMIS images.NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory manages the 2001 Mars Odyssey mission for NASA's Science Mission Directorate, Washington, D.C. The Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS) was developed by Arizona State University, Tempe, in collaboration with Raytheon Santa Barbara Remote Sensing. The THEMIS investigation is led by Dr. Philip Christensen at Arizona State University. Lockheed Martin Astronautics, Denver, is the prime contractor for the Odyssey project, and developed and built the orbiter. Mission operations are conducted jointly from Lockheed Martin and from JPL, a division of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena.
https://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA25321	/content/Nasa_Mars_Images/PIA25321_modest.jpg	Video from the navigation camera aboard NASA's Ingenuity Mars Helicopter shows its record-breaking 25th flight on April 18, 2022.	Click here for animationThis animated GIF was generated using imagery acquired by the navigation camera aboard NASA's Ingenuity Mars Helicopter during its 25th flight on April 18, 2022. Covering a distance of 2,310 feet (704 meters) and at a speed of 12 mph (5.5 meters per second), it was the Red Planet rotorcraft's longest and fastest flight to date. The first frame of the clip shows the view about one second into the flight. After reaching an altitude of 33 feet (10 meters), the helicopter heads southwest, accelerating to its maximum speed in less than three seconds. Ingenuity first flies over a group of sand ripples then, about halfway through the video, several rock fields. Finally, relatively flat and featureless terrain appears below, making a good landing spot. The video of the 161.3-second flight was speeded up approximately five times, reducing it to less than 35 seconds.Ingenuity's navigation camera has been programmed to deactivate whenever the rotorcraft is within 3 feet (1 meter) of the surface. This helps ensure any dust kicked up during takeoff and landing won't interfere with the navigation system as it tracks features on the ground.The Ingenuity Mars Helicopter was built by JPL, which also manages the technology demonstration project for NASA Headquarters. It is supported by NASA's Science, Aeronautics Research, and Space Technology mission directorates. NASA's Ames Research Center in California's Silicon Valley, and NASA's Langley Research Center in Hampton, Virginia, provided significant flight performance analysis and technical assistance during Ingenuity's development. AeroVironment Inc., Qualcomm, and SolAero also provided design assistance and major vehicle components. Lockheed Martin Space designed and manufactured the Mars Helicopter Delivery System.
https://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA16479	/content/Nasa_Mars_Images/PIA16479_modest.jpg	This graphic shows the daily variations in Martian radiation and atmospheric pressure as measured by NASA's Curiosity rover. As pressure increases, the total radiation dose decreases.	This graphic shows the daily variations in Martian radiation and atmospheric pressure as measured by NASA's Curiosity rover. As pressure increases, the total radiation dose decreases. When the atmosphere is thicker, it provides a better barrier with more effective shielding for radiation from outside of Mars. At each of the pressure maximums, the radiation level drops between 3 to 5 percent. The radiation level goes up at the end of the graph due to a longer-term trend that scientists are still studying.The red line indicates the total dose rate of radiation from both charged particles and neutrons, as detected by Curiosity's Radiation Assessment Detector. The blue dots represent atmospheric pressure in units of Pascal (divided by four) taken by Curiosity's Rover Environmental Monitoring Station. The atmospheric data were scaled to fit in the same plot as the radiation data.The dosages and pressures are plotted over five sols, or Martian days, from the 21st sol of operations to the 26th. That corresponds to Aug. 26 to Sept. 1, 2012. Curiosity landed on Mars on Aug. 5, 2012. Radiation dose is given in arbitrary units to reflect the magnitude of the variations. Calibration of the absolute dose levels is ongoing.NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, a division of the California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, manages the Mars Science Laboratory Project for NASA's Science Mission Directorate, Washington. JPL designed and built the rover. For more information about Curiosity and its mission, visit: http://www.nasa.gov/msl and http://mars.jpl.nasa.gov/msl.
https://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA24622	/content/Nasa_Mars_Images/PIA24622_modest.jpg	NASA's Curiosity Mars rover captured these clouds just after sunset on March 19, 2021. The image is made up of 21 individual images stitched together and color corrected so that the scene appears as it would to the human eye.	NASA's Curiosity Mars rover captured these clouds just after sunset on March 19, 2021, the 3,063rd Martian day, or sol, of the rover's mission. The image is made up of 21 individual images stitched together and color corrected so that the scene appears as it would to the human eye. The clouds are drifting over "Mont Mercou," a cliff face that Curiosity has been studying.The rover captured the image using its Mast Camera, or Mastcam. Malin Space Science Systems in San Diego built and operates Mastcam. A division of Caltech, NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Southern California built the Curiosity rover and manages the Curiosity rover for the agency's Science Mission Directorate in Washington.For more about Curiosity: mars.nasa.gov/msl/home/ and nasa.gov/msl.
https://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA03814	/content/Nasa_Mars_Images/PIA03814_modest.jpg	The finely layered deposit in Becquerel crater, seen in the center of this NASA Mars Odyssey image, is slowly being eroded away by the action of windblown sand.	(Released 28 May 2002)The finely layered deposit in Becquerel crater, seen in the center of this THEMIS image, is slowly being eroded away by the action of windblown sand. Dark sand from a source north of the bright deposit is collecting along its northern edge, forming impressive barchan style dunes. These vaguely boomerang-shaped dunes form with their two points extending in the downwind direction, demonstrating that the winds capable of moving sand grains come from the north. Grains that leave the dunes climb the eroding stair-stepped layers, collecting along the cliff faces before reaching the crest of the deposit. Once there, the sand grains are unimpeded and continue down the south side of the deposit without any significant accumulation until they fall off the steep cliffs of the southern margin. The boat-hull shaped mounds and ridges of bright material called yardangs form in response to the scouring action of the migrating sand. To the west, the deposit has thinned enough that the barchan dunes extend well into the deeply eroded north-south trending canyons. Sand that reaches the south side collects and reforms barchan dunes with the same orientation as those on the north side of the deposit. Note the abrupt transition between the bright material and the dark crater floor on the southern margin. Steep cliffs are present with no indication of rubble from the obvious erosion that produced them. The lack of debris at the base of the cliffs is evidence that the bright material is readily broken up into particles that can be transported away by the wind. The geological processes that are destroying the Becquerel crater deposit appear active today. But it is also possible that they are dormant, awaiting a particular set of climatic conditions that produces the right winds and perhaps even temperatures to allow the erosion to continue.
https://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA22152	/content/Nasa_Mars_Images/PIA22152_modest.jpg	This image from NASA's 2001 Mars Odyssey spacecraft shows part of the eastern margin of the summit caldera of Arsia Mons. The arcuate features are the faults created by collapse of summit materials.	Context image This VIS image shows part of the eastern margin of the summit caldera of Arsia Mons. The arcuate features are the faults created by collapse of summit materials. A massive eruption can empty the large magma chamber which existed within the volcano, creating a void which can not support the weight of the top of the volcano.Arsia Mons is the southernmost of the Tharsis volcanoes. It is 270 miles (450km) in diameter, almost 12 miles (20km) high, and the summit caldera is 72 miles (120km) wide. For comparison, the largest volcano on Earth is Mauna Loa. From its base on the sea floor, Mauna Loa measures only 6.3 miles high and 75 miles in diameter. A large volcanic crater known as a caldera is located at the summit of all of the Tharsis volcanoes. These calderas are produced by massive volcanic explosions and collapse. The Arsia Mons summit caldera is larger than many volcanoes on Earth. The Odyssey spacecraft has spent over 15 years in orbit around Mars, circling the planet more than 69000 times. It holds the record for longest working spacecraft at Mars. THEMIS, the IR/VIS camera system, has collected data for the entire mission and provides images covering all seasons and lighting conditions. Over the years many features of interest have received repeated imaging, building up a suite of images covering the entire feature. From the deepest chasma to the tallest volcano, individual dunes inside craters and dune fields that encircle the north pole, channels carved by water and lava, and a variety of other feature, THEMIS has imaged them all. For the next several months the image of the day will focus on the Tharsis volcanoes, the various chasmata of Valles Marineris, and the major dunes fields. We hope you enjoy these images!Orbit Number: 12487 Latitude: -9.44031 Longitude: 240.527 Instrument: VIS Captured: 2004-10-07 11:58Please see the THEMIS Data Citation Note for details on crediting THEMIS images.NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory manages the 2001 Mars Odyssey mission for NASA's Science Mission Directorate, Washington, D.C. The Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS) was developed by Arizona State University, Tempe, in collaboration with Raytheon Santa Barbara Remote Sensing. The THEMIS investigation is led by Dr. Philip Christensen at Arizona State University. Lockheed Martin Astronautics, Denver, is the prime contractor for the Odyssey project, and developed and built the orbiter. Mission operations are conducted jointly from Lockheed Martin and from JPL, a division of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena.
https://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA08017	/content/Nasa_Mars_Images/PIA08017_modest.jpg	This image from NASA's Mars Global Surveyor shows a portion of the stair-stepped, north wall of a crater in Arabia Terra.	26 March 2006This Mars Global Surveyor (MGS) Mars Orbiter Camera (MOC) image shows a portion of the stair-stepped, north wall of a crater in Arabia Terra. Light-toned slope streaks have formed as a result of avalanches in the dry, dark dust that mantles both the crater and its adjacent terrain in this scene.Location near: 20.0°N, 324.1°W Image width: ~3 km (~1.9 mi) Illumination from: lower left Season: Northern Winter
https://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA00775	/content/Nasa_Mars_Images/PIA00775_modest.jpg	Looking east from the lander, the last few bounce marks as Pathfinder rolled to a stop on July 4 are visible in the soil in this image, taken by NASA's Imager for Mars Pathfinder (IMP). Sol 1 began on July 4, 1997.	Looking east from the lander, the last few bounce marks as Pathfinder rolled to a stop on July 4 are visible in the soil in this image, taken by the Imager for Mars Pathfinder (IMP). The two most distant marks, identified by pointers in the image, consist of dark patches of disturbed soil. The three closest marks are clearly visible in the foreground, with one easily identifiable behind the Atmospheric Structure Instrument/Meteorology Package (ASI/MET) mast, is at right. The most distant positively identified bounce mark, indicated by the pointer at right, is approximately 11.3 meters (37 feet) from the lander.Mars Pathfinder is the second in NASA's Discovery program of low-cost spacecraft with highly focused science goals. The Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA, developed and manages the Mars Pathfinder mission for NASA's Office of Space Science, Washington, D.C. The Imager for Mars Pathfinder (IMP) was developed by the University of Arizona Lunar and Planetary Laboratory under contract to JPL. Peter Smith is the Principal Investigator. JPL is an operating division of the California Institute of Technology (Caltech). Photojournal note: Sojourner spent 83 days of a planned seven-day mission exploring the Martian terrain, acquiring images, and taking chemical, atmospheric and other measurements. The final data transmission received from Pathfinder was at 10:23 UTC on September 27, 1997. Although mission managers tried to restore full communications during the following five months, the successful mission was terminated on March 10, 1998.
https://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA10744	/content/Nasa_Mars_Images/PIA10744_modest.jpg	This anaglyph image, acquired by NASA's Phoenix Lander's Surface Stereo Imager on June 1, 2008, shows a stereoscopic 3D view of the so-called 'Knave of Hearts' first-dig test area to the north of the lander. 3D glasses are necessary to view this image.	This anaglyph image, acquired by NASA's Phoenix Lander's Surface Stereo Imager on Sol 7, the seventh day of the mission (June 1, 2008), shows a stereoscopic 3D view of the so-called "Knave of Hearts" first-dig test area to the north of the lander. The Robotic Arm's scraping blade left a small horizontal depression above where the sample was taken.Scientists speculate that white material in the depression left by the dig could represent ice or salts that precipitated into the soil. This material is likely the same white material observed in the sample in the Robotic Arm's scoop. The Phoenix Mission is led by the University of Arizona, Tucson, on behalf of NASA. Project management of the mission is by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. Spacecraft development is by Lockheed Martin Space Systems, Denver.Photojournal Note: As planned, the Phoenix lander, which landed May 25, 2008 23:53 UTC, ended communications in November 2008, about six months after landing, when its solar panels ceased operating in the dark Martian winter.
https://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA13802	/content/Nasa_Mars_Images/PIA13802_modest.jpg	This NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter shows many channels on a scarp in the Hellas impact basin. On Earth we would call these gullies. Some larger channels on Mars that are sometimes called gullies are big enough to be called ravines on Earth.	Images like this from the High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE) camera on NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter show portions of the Martian surface in unprecedented detail. This one shows many channels from 1 meter to 10 meters (approximately 3 feet to 33 feet) wide on a scarp in the Hellas impact basin. On Earth we would call these gullies. Some larger channels on Mars that are sometimes called gullies are big enough to be called ravines on Earth.This view is an excerpt from a HiRISE observation taken on Jan. 14, 2011, nearly five years after the March 10, 2006, arrival of the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter at Mars. North is up. The image was taken at 3:44 p.m. local Mars time. The observation is centered at 48.4 degrees south latitude, 73.5 degree east longitude.NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, a division of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena, manages the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter for NASA's Science Mission Directorate, Washington. Lockheed Martin Space Systems, Denver, built the spacecraft. The High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment is operated by the University of Arizona, Tucson, and the instrument was built by Ball Aerospace & Technologies Corp., Boulder, Colo.
https://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA21272	/content/Nasa_Mars_Images/PIA21272_modest.jpg	The image from NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter, shows a region we see many slope streaks, typically dark features on slopes in the equatorial regions on Mars.	Map Projected Browse ImageClick on the image for larger versionThe image shows a region where we see many slope streaks, typically dark features on slopes in the equatorial regions on Mars. They may extend for tens of meters in length and gradually fade away with time as new ones form. The most common hypothesis is that they are generated by dust avalanches that regularly occur on steep slopes exposing fresh dark materials from underneath the brighter dust.There are many types of slope streaks but one of the most recent and significant findings using HiRISE was the discovery of a new type called "recurring slope lineae," or RSL for short. Recent studies suggest that RSL may form through the flow of briny (extremely salty) liquid water that can be stable on the surface of Mars even under current climatic conditions for a limited time in summer when it is relatively warm.How can we distinguish between conventional slope streaks like the ones we see here and RSL? There are many criteria. For instance, RSL are usually smaller in size than regular slope streaks. However, one of the most important conditions is seasonal behavior, since RSL appear to be active only in summer while regular slope streaks can be active anytime of the year.This site is monitored regularly by HiRISE scientists because of the high density of slope streaks and their different sizes and orientations. If we look at a time-lapse sequence, we will see that a new slope streak has indeed formed in the period since April 2016 (and we can note how dark it is in comparison to the others indicating its freshness). However, this period corresponds mainly to the autumn season in this part of Mars, whereas we do not see any major changes in the summer season. This suggests that the feature that developed is a regular slope streak just like all the others in the area.The University of Arizona, Tucson, operates HiRISE, which was built by Ball Aerospace & Technologies Corp., Boulder, Colo. NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, a division of Caltech in Pasadena, California, manages the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter Project for NASA's Science Mission Directorate, Washington.
https://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA17119	/content/Nasa_Mars_Images/PIA17119_modest.jpg	This image from NASA's Mars Odyssey spacecraft shows a heart-shaped mesa on the surface of Mars.	Context imageDo you see what I see? Though not as pretty as our previous heart-shaped mesa, here's another one.Orbit Number: 18555 Latitude: 6.72759 Longitude: 130.744 Instrument: VIS Captured: 2006-02-19 04:01Please see the THEMIS Data Citation Note for details on crediting THEMIS images.NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory manages the 2001 Mars Odyssey mission for NASA's Science Mission Directorate, Washington, D.C. The Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS) was developed by Arizona State University, Tempe, in collaboration with Raytheon Santa Barbara Remote Sensing. The THEMIS investigation is led by Dr. Philip Christensen at Arizona State University. Lockheed Martin Astronautics, Denver, is the prime contractor for the Odyssey project, and developed and built the orbiter. Mission operations are conducted jointly from Lockheed Martin and from JPL, a division of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena.
https://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA04146	/content/Nasa_Mars_Images/PIA04146_modest.jpg	NASA's Mars Global Surveyor shows gullies cut into layered rock and debris on the wall of a south middle-latitude crater on Mars.	13 August 2005This Mars Global Surveyor (MGS) Mars Orbiter Camera (MOC) image shows gullies cut into layered rock and debris on the wall of a south middle-latitude crater. Gullies such as these are common at middle latitudes and may have required water to form.Location near: 41.1°S, 204.8°W Image width: width: ~3 km (~1.9 mi) Illumination from: upper left Season: Southern Spring
https://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA23382	/content/Nasa_Mars_Images/PIA23382_modest.jpg	This image from NASA's Mars Odyssey shows a portion of the flank of Albor Tholus, a volcano found in the Elysium volcanic complex.	Context imageToday's VIS image shows a portion of the flank of Albor Tholus, a volcano found in the Elysium volcanic complex. The caldera of the volcano is very deep compared to it's height. The top elevation of Albor Tholus is approximately 4.5km, the deepest part of the caldera measures 3km below this [an elevation of only 1.5km].Orbit Number: 77798 Latitude: 18.4758 Longitude: 151.507 Instrument: VIS Captured: 2019-06-29 04:49Please see the THEMIS Data Citation Note for details on crediting THEMIS images.NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory manages the 2001 Mars Odyssey mission for NASA's Science Mission Directorate, Washington, D.C. The Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS) was developed by Arizona State University, Tempe, in collaboration with Raytheon Santa Barbara Remote Sensing. The THEMIS investigation is led by Dr. Philip Christensen at Arizona State University. Lockheed Martin Astronautics, Denver, is the prime contractor for the Odyssey project, and developed and built the orbiter. Mission operations are conducted jointly from Lockheed Martin and from JPL, a division of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena.
https://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA24862	/content/Nasa_Mars_Images/PIA24862_modest.jpg	This image acquired on December 17, 2018 by NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter, shows dune-like sandy landforms (or bedforms) self-organizing into distinct shapes and patterns as dictated by wind conditions and other factors.	Map Projected Browse ImageClick on image for larger versionDune-like sandy landforms (or bedforms) self-organize into distinct shapes and patterns as dictated by wind conditions and other factors. The spacing and frequency of migration for bedforms will partially depend on the particle size range of local sediment. Larger coarse sand tends to "roll" during less frequent wind gusts, as compared with smaller more-mobile grains that "hop."This image in the Southern Hemisphere region of Terra Cimmeria displays an unusual class of hybrid bedforms. They display a consistent shape and tone, but range several orders of magnitude in size or spacing. The smallest examples here are less than 10 meters in spacing while larger ones are separated by several hundreds of meters. This is unusual variability for bedforms that evolve over long time scales and consistent climate of recent Mars. A Mars geomorphologist might classify some of these as small dunes or giant ripples, depending on their perspective.The map is projected here at a scale of 25 centimeters (9.8 inches) per pixel. (The original image scale is 25.1 centimeters [9.9 inches] per pixel [with 1 x 1 binning]; objects on the order of 75 centimeters [29.5 inches] across are resolved.) North is up.The University of Arizona, in Tucson, operates HiRISE, which was built by Ball Aerospace & Technologies Corp., in Boulder, Colorado. NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, a division of Caltech in Pasadena, California, manages the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter Project for NASA's Science Mission Directorate, Washington.
https://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA03842	/content/Nasa_Mars_Images/PIA03842_modest.jpg	Off the western flank of Elysium are the Hephaestus Fossae, seen in this image from NASA's Mars Odyssey, with linear arrangements of small, round pits. These features are commonly called 'pit chains' and most likely represent the collapse of lava tubes.	(Released 3 July 2002)Off the western flank of Elysium are the Hephaestus Fossae, including linear arrangements of small, round pits. These features are commonly called "pit chains" and most likely represent the collapse of lava tubes. Lava tubes allow molten rock to move long distances underground. When the lava drains out it leaves unsupported tunnels, which can collapse and form pits. These particular pit chains are unusual because they change direction abruptly. In the lower portion of the image, pits have collapsed at the bends and allow us to observe the sharp, nearly right angle corners. These direction changes are most likely due to some sort of structural control during the emplacement of the lava tubes.There is an extraordinarily high concentration of small, degraded craters on the plains surface. The size range of these craters is fairly consistent and they all appear to be of similar age. It is unlikely that these were caused by primary impacts (impacts of meteors onto the surface) because both the size and timing distributions of primary impactors vary tremendously. However, the craters in the image could have been created from secondary impacts. Secondaries are impacts of material that is excavated during a large cratering event nearby or from the disintegration of a primary meteor in the atmosphere into many smaller parts that rain onto the surface.In contrast to these older, small craters, there is a relatively young crater in the center of the image. A hummocky ejecta blanket is visible around the crater and has covered some of the smaller craters on the plain around it. The edges of the crater are sharp, formed by rocky material in the crater rim. This material is visible as the layer of rough, grooved material at the top of the inside walls. Small dust avalanches have left dark streaks down the inside walls of the crater.
https://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA05955	/content/Nasa_Mars_Images/PIA05955_modest.jpg	This image from NASA's 2001 Mars Odyssey released on Sept 14, 2004 shows the martian surface of part of Hebes Chasma. This image shows sun shadows, dunes, flow-like features, and layered rocks.	The Odyssey spacecraft has taken some great pictures of Valles Marineris, the largest canyon in the solar system. If this canyon were on Earth, it would stretch from New York to Los Angeles. For the next several weeks, the Image of the Day will tour some of the canyons that make up this vast system. We will start with Ius Chasma in the west, and end with Coprates Chasma to the east. For more information on Vallis Marineris, please see http://mars.jpl.nasa.gov/mep/science/vm.html.This image shows part of Hebes Chasma. Sun shadows can be seen on the northern part of the image. There are dunes, flow-like features, and layered rocks present.Image information: VIS instrument. Latitude -1.2, Longitude 282.3 East (77.7 West). 19 meter/pixel resolution.Note: this THEMIS visual image has not been radiometrically nor geometrically calibrated for this preliminary release. An empirical correction has been performed to remove instrumental effects. A linear shift has been applied in the cross-track and down-track direction to approximate spacecraft and planetary motion. Fully calibrated and geometrically projected images will be released through the Planetary Data System in accordance with Project policies at a later time.NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory manages the 2001 Mars Odyssey mission for NASA's Office of Space Science, Washington, D.C. The Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS) was developed by Arizona State University, Tempe, in collaboration with Raytheon Santa Barbara Remote Sensing. The THEMIS investigation is led by Dr. Philip Christensen at Arizona State University. Lockheed Martin Astronautics, Denver, is the prime contractor for the Odyssey project, and developed and built the orbiter. Mission operations are conducted jointly from Lockheed Martin and from JPL, a division of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena.
https://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA16316	/content/Nasa_Mars_Images/PIA16316_modest.jpg	This image shows a portion of Utopia Planitia that is covered by dust devil tracks as seen by NASA's 2001 Mars Odyssey spacecraft.	Context imageToday's VIS image shows a portion of Utopia Planitia that is covered by dust devil tracks.Orbit Number: 47084 Latitude: 52.1033 Longitude: 91.7234 Instrument: VIS Captured: 2012-07-26 02:22Please see the THEMIS Data Citation Note for details on crediting THEMIS images.NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory manages the 2001 Mars Odyssey mission for NASA's Science Mission Directorate, Washington, D.C. The Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS) was developed by Arizona State University, Tempe, in collaboration with Raytheon Santa Barbara Remote Sensing. The THEMIS investigation is led by Dr. Philip Christensen at Arizona State University. Lockheed Martin Astronautics, Denver, is the prime contractor for the Odyssey project, and developed and built the orbiter. Mission operations are conducted jointly from Lockheed Martin and from JPL, a division of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena.
https://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA03040	/content/Nasa_Mars_Images/PIA03040_modest.jpg	This image shows a portion of the flank of Pavonis Mons on Mars as seen by NASA's 2001 Mars Odyssey spacecraft. The collapse features at the bottom of the image are related to subsurface tubes that once contained lava.	Context image for PIA03040 Pavonis Mons FlankThis image shows a portion of the flank of Pavonis Mons. The collapse features at the bottom of the image are related to subsurface tubes that once contained lava.Image information: VIS instrument. Latitude 0.6S, Longitude 247.0E. 17 meter/pixel resolution.Note: this THEMIS visual image has not been radiometrically nor geometrically calibrated for this preliminary release. An empirical correction has been performed to remove instrumental effects. A linear shift has been applied in the cross-track and down-track direction to approximate spacecraft and planetary motion. Fully calibrated and geometrically projected images will be released through the Planetary Data System in accordance with Project policies at a later time.NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory manages the 2001 Mars Odyssey mission for NASA's Office of Space Science, Washington, D.C. The Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS) was developed by Arizona State University, Tempe, in collaboration with Raytheon Santa Barbara Remote Sensing. The THEMIS investigation is led by Dr. Philip Christensen at Arizona State University. Lockheed Martin Astronautics, Denver, is the prime contractor for the Odyssey project, and developed and built the orbiter. Mission operations are conducted jointly from Lockheed Martin and from JPL, a division of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena.
https://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA04840	/content/Nasa_Mars_Images/PIA04840_modest.jpg	A stack of eroding sediments roughly 200 meters high contains the northeastern-most occurrence of the hematite layer that covers much of Meridiani Planum in this image taken in October 2003 by NASA's Mars Odyssey spacecraft.	Released 30 October 2003A stack of eroding sediments roughly 200 meters high contains the northeastern-most occurrence of the hematite layer that covers much of Meridiani Planum. The origin of the hematite layer is still a mystery, one that may be solved when the Mars Exploration Rover named Opportunity arrives in January.Image information: VIS instrument. Latitude 1.1, Longitude 0.5 East (359.5 West). 19 meter/pixel resolution.Note: this THEMIS visual image has not been radiometrically nor geometrically calibrated for this preliminary release. An empirical correction has been performed to remove instrumental effects. A linear shift has been applied in the cross-track and down-track direction to approximate spacecraft and planetary motion. Fully calibrated and geometrically projected images will be released through the Planetary Data System in accordance with Project policies at a later time. NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory manages the 2001 Mars Odyssey mission for NASA's Office of Space Science, Washington, D.C. The Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS) was developed by Arizona State University, Tempe, in collaboration with Raytheon Santa Barbara Remote Sensing. The THEMIS investigation is led by Dr. Philip Christensen at Arizona State University. Lockheed Martin Astronautics, Denver, is the prime contractor for the Odyssey project, and developed and built the orbiter. Mission operations are conducted jointly from Lockheed Martin and from JPL, a division of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena.
https://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA22134	/content/Nasa_Mars_Images/PIA22134_modest.jpg	Melas Chasma is part of the largest canyon system on Mars. This image from NASA's 2001 Mars Odyssey spacecraft contains a large region of dunes between the canyon cliff face and the large ridge of material at the mid-elevation of the canyon.	Context image Melas Chasma is part of the largest canyon system on Mars, Valles Marineris. At only 563 km long (349 miles) it is not the longest canyon, but it is the widest. Located in the center of Valles Marineris, it has depths up to 9 km below the surrounding plains, and is the location of many large landslide deposits, as will as layered materials and sand dunes. There is evidence of both water and wind action as modes of formation for many of the interior deposits. Today's image contains a large region of dunes between the canyon cliff face and the large ridge of material at the mid-elevation of the canyon. Fine materials have been concentrated into the dunes.The Odyssey spacecraft has spent over 15 years in orbit around Mars, circling the planet more than 69000 times. It holds the record for longest working spacecraft at Mars. THEMIS, the IR/VIS camera system, has collected data for the entire mission and provides images covering all seasons and lighting conditions. Over the years many features of interest have received repeated imaging, building up a suite of images covering the entire feature. From the deepest chasma to the tallest volcano, individual dunes inside craters and dune fields that encircle the north pole, channels carved by water and lava, and a variety of other feature, THEMIS has imaged them all. For the next several months the image of the day will focus on the Tharsis volcanoes, the various chasmata of Valles Marineris, and the major dunes fields. We hope you enjoy these images!Orbit Number: 26525 Latitude: -11.3125 Longitude: 285.57 Instrument: VIS Captured: 2007-12-07 07:23Please see the THEMIS Data Citation Note for details on crediting THEMIS images.NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory manages the 2001 Mars Odyssey mission for NASA's Science Mission Directorate, Washington, D.C. The Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS) was developed by Arizona State University, Tempe, in collaboration with Raytheon Santa Barbara Remote Sensing. The THEMIS investigation is led by Dr. Philip Christensen at Arizona State University. Lockheed Martin Astronautics, Denver, is the prime contractor for the Odyssey project, and developed and built the orbiter. Mission operations are conducted jointly from Lockheed Martin and from JPL, a division of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena.
https://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA06941	/content/Nasa_Mars_Images/PIA06941_modest.jpg	NASA's Mars Global Surveyor shows some of Mars' north polar layers exposed on a moderately-dipping slope. The bright material at the top is water ice frost; the triangular features are thought to be caused by wind erosion of the frost.	15 October 2004It is now early summer in the northern hemisphere on Mars, and this means that the ices of the north polar cap are in full retreat. Exposed from beneath seasonal frost are the eroded layers of what Mars scientists suspect are composed of a mixture of dust and ice (and in some layers, sand). This October 2004 Mars Global Surveyor (MGS) Mars Orbiter Camera (MOC) image shows some of the north polar layers exposed on a moderately-dipping slope. The bright material at the top of the image is water ice frost; the triangular features are thought to be caused by wind erosion of the frost. This image is located near 87.1°N, 267.4°W, and covers an area about 3 km (1.9 mi) wide. Sunlight illuminates the scene from the lower left.
https://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA17818	/content/Nasa_Mars_Images/PIA17818_modest.jpg	This image near Athabasca Valles shows thin plate of lava as seen by NASA's 2001 Mars Odyssey spacecraft. This style of lava flow is very different from other lava flows in the nearby Elysium and Tharsis volcanic complexes.	Context imageThis VIS image near Athabasca Valles shows thin plate of lava. This style of lava flow is very different from other lava flows in the nearby Elysium and Tharsis volcanic complexes.Orbit Number: 52813 Latitude: 6.58962 Longitude: 155.034 Instrument: VIS Captured: 2013-11-09 13:03Please see the THEMIS Data Citation Note for details on crediting THEMIS images.NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory manages the 2001 Mars Odyssey mission for NASA's Science Mission Directorate, Washington, D.C. The Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS) was developed by Arizona State University, Tempe, in collaboration with Raytheon Santa Barbara Remote Sensing. The THEMIS investigation is led by Dr. Philip Christensen at Arizona State University. Lockheed Martin Astronautics, Denver, is the prime contractor for the Odyssey project, and developed and built the orbiter. Mission operations are conducted jointly from Lockheed Martin and from JPL, a division of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena.
https://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA25662	/content/Nasa_Mars_Images/PIA25662_modest.jpg	In this video, images from NASA's Mars Ingenuity Helicopter's Flight 9, which took place on July 5, 2021, have been post-processed to identify areas suitable for landing and enable the use of digital elevation maps to help navigate.	Click here for animationIn this video, images from NASA's Mars Ingenuity Helicopter's Flight 9, which took place on July 5, 2021, have been post-processed using the helicopter's hazard avoidance capability, which was added via a software update to the helicopter in late 2022. The update provides two key improvements: It identifies areas unsuitable for landing (shaded in red) as well as candidate landing sites (shown in green). The algorithm also enables the use of digital elevation maps to help navigate.The Ingenuity Mars Helicopter was built by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Southern California, which also manages the project for NASA Headquarters. It is supported by NASA's Science Mission Directorate. Ames Research Center and NASA's Langley Research Center in Hampton, Virginia, provided significant flight performance analysis and technical assistance during Ingenuity's development. AeroVironment, Qualcomm, and SolAero also provided design assistance and major vehicle components. Lockheed Martin Space designed and manufactured the Mars Helicopter Delivery System.
https://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA01045	/content/Nasa_Mars_Images/PIA01045_modest.jpg	Northern spring began in June 2000, and as NASA's Mars Global Surveyor approached August 2000, sunlight illuminated most of the north polar cap each day.	Another spring has "sprung" in the northern hemisphere of Mars! Northern spring began in June 2000, and as we approach August 2000, sunlight is now illuminating most of the north polar cap each day. This is the second northern spring that MOC has viewed--we've now seen, in selected areas, a full Mars year of atmospheric and surface conditions. Although the pictures do not cover the exact same area, pictures from exactly two Earth years ago (26 July 1998) show very similar features in the north circum-polar dune field (see Spring Time View of North Polar Sand Dunes).At this time, frost left-over from the recent winter is slowly subliming away to expose underlying northern plains and sand dune surfaces. The picture above shows a frost-covered portion of the vast dune fields that surround the north polar cap as they appeared on July 22, 2000. In summer, the dunes are dark, but in winter and early spring they are covered with bright frost. Small dark spots and streaks indicate areas where the frost has begun to disappear. This Mars Global Surveyor Mars Orbiter Camera image covers an area 2.3 km (1.4 mi) wide by 7.7 km (4.8 mi) long near 78°N, 107°W and is illuminated from the lower left.
https://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA23225	/content/Nasa_Mars_Images/PIA23225_modest.jpg	This image from NASA's Mars Odyssey shows part of an unnamed crater in Arabia Terra.	Context imageToday's false color image shows part of an unnamed crater in Arabia Terra.The THEMIS VIS camera contains 5 filters. The data from different filters can be combined in multiple ways to create a false color image. These false color images may reveal subtle variations of the surface not easily identified in a single band image.Orbit Number: 63509 Latitude: 2.8368 Longitude: 1.12045 Instrument: VIS Captured: 2016-04-08 03:07Please see the THEMIS Data Citation Note for details on crediting THEMIS images.NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory manages the 2001 Mars Odyssey mission for NASA's Science Mission Directorate, Washington, D.C. The Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS) was developed by Arizona State University, Tempe, in collaboration with Raytheon Santa Barbara Remote Sensing. The THEMIS investigation is led by Dr. Philip Christensen at Arizona State University. Lockheed Martin Astronautics, Denver, is the prime contractor for the Odyssey project, and developed and built the orbiter. Mission operations are conducted jointly from Lockheed Martin and from JPL, a division of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena.
https://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA21216	/content/Nasa_Mars_Images/PIA21216_modest.jpg	This image from NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter shows one of these exotic locales at the South Pole. The polar cap is made from carbon dioxide (dry ice). The circular pits are holes in this dry ice layer that expand by a few meters each Martian year.	Map Projected Browse ImageClick on the image for larger versionMany Martian landscapes contain features that are familiar to ones we find on Earth, like river valleys, cliffs, glaciers and volcanos.However, Mars has an exotic side too, with landscapes that are alien to Earthlings. This image shows one of these exotic locales at the South Pole. The polar cap is made from carbon dioxide (dry ice), which does not occur naturally on the Earth. The circular pits are holes in this dry ice layer that expand by a few meters each Martian year.New dry ice is constantly being added to this landscape by freezing directly out of the carbon dioxide atmosphere or falling as snow. Freezing out the atmosphere like this limits how cold the surface can get to the frost point at -130 degrees Celsius (-200 F). Nowhere on Mars can ever get any colder this, making this this coolest landscape on Earth and Mars combined.This is a stereo pair with ESP_047237_0930.The University of Arizona, Tucson, operates HiRISE, which was built by Ball Aerospace & Technologies Corp., Boulder, Colo. NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, a division of Caltech in Pasadena, California, manages the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter Project for NASA's Science Mission Directorate, Washington.
https://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA14990	/content/Nasa_Mars_Images/PIA14990_modest.jpg	This image captured by NASA's 2001 Mars Odyssey spacecraft shows a scallop-edged depression, called Coprates Catena, parallels the main alignment of Vallis Marineris.	Context imageThis scallop-edged depression, called Coprates Catena, parallels the main alignment of Vallis Marineris.Orbit Number: 43295 Latitude: -14.8993 Longitude: 297.35 Instrument: VIS Captured: 2011-09-18 03:49Please see the THEMIS Data Citation Note for details on crediting THEMIS images.NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory manages the 2001 Mars Odyssey mission for NASA's Science Mission Directorate, Washington, D.C. The Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS) was developed by Arizona State University, Tempe, in collaboration with Raytheon Santa Barbara Remote Sensing. The THEMIS investigation is led by Dr. Philip Christensen at Arizona State University. Lockheed Martin Astronautics, Denver, is the prime contractor for the Odyssey project, and developed and built the orbiter. Mission operations are conducted jointly from Lockheed Martin and from JPL, a division of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena.
https://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA10160	/content/Nasa_Mars_Images/PIA10160_modest.jpg	This image from NASA's Mars Odyssey spacecraft shows majestic ridges and their shadows marking the boundary between the Valles Marineris canyon system and Noctis Labyrinthus.	Context image for PIA10160Canyon RidgesThese majestic ridges and their shadows mark the boundary between the Valles Marineris canyon system and Noctis Labyrinthus.Image information: VIS instrument. Latitude -7.3N, Longitude 266.7E. 18 meter/pixel resolution.Please see the THEMIS Data Citation Note for details on crediting THEMIS images.Note: this THEMIS visual image has not been radiometrically nor geometrically calibrated for this preliminary release. An empirical correction has been performed to remove instrumental effects. A linear shift has been applied in the cross-track and down-track direction to approximate spacecraft and planetary motion. Fully calibrated and geometrically projected images will be released through the Planetary Data System in accordance with Project policies at a later time.NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory manages the 2001 Mars Odyssey mission for NASA's Office of Space Science, Washington, D.C. The Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS) was developed by Arizona State University, Tempe, in collaboration with Raytheon Santa Barbara Remote Sensing. The THEMIS investigation is led by Dr. Philip Christensen at Arizona State University. Lockheed Martin Astronautics, Denver, is the prime contractor for the Odyssey project, and developed and built the orbiter. Mission operations are conducted jointly from Lockheed Martin and from JPL, a division of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena.
https://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA12142	/content/Nasa_Mars_Images/PIA12142_modest.jpg	This scene combines seven frames taken by the navigation camera on NASA's Mars Exploration Rover Spirit during the 1,891st Martian day, or sol, of Spirit's mission on Mars (April 28, 2009).	This scene combines seven frames taken by the navigation camera on NASA's Mars Exploration Rover Spirit during the 1,891st Martian day, or sol, of Spirit's mission on Mars (April 28, 2009). It covers a vista from south-southeast on the left to northeast on the right.This view is from the position Spirit reached with a drive that moved the rover only about 14 centimeters (5.5 inches) earlier on Sol 1891. Spirit's wheels had started to sink into local soil on Sol 1886 (April 23, 2009). After Sol 1891, the rover team attempted five more drives with Spirit through Sol 1899 (May 6, 2009), moving the rover only a few centimeters in all, and detecting wheel slippage in excess of 99 percent before deciding to suspend further driving by Spirit until potential maneuvers had been thoroughly evaluated with a test rover on Earth. The site from which Spirit obtained this view has been informally named "Troy." Layers of differently hued soil uncovered by the sinking wheels became the subject of intense analysis by the instruments on Spirit's robotic arm.On the horizon at the left edge of this view is a mound capped with light-toned rock and called "Von Braun," a possible destination for Spirit to investigate in the future. Between Von Braun and the center of the image is a ridge called "Tsiolkovsky." The hill on the horizon to the right is Husband Hill, where Spirit reached the summit in 2005. Tracks receding toward the north were created as Spirit drove southward toward Troy, driving backward and dragging its right-front wheel, which has been inoperable for more than three years. For scale, the distance between the parallel wheel tracks is about 1 meter (about 40 inches). This view is presented as a cylindrical projection with geometric seam correction.
https://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA21039	/content/Nasa_Mars_Images/PIA21039_modest.jpg	This image from NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter shows a large field of sand dunes on Kaiser Crater. They are partially free of seasonal ice, with the contrast making it easy to see the ripples.	Map Projected Browse ImageClick on the image for larger versionThis image shows a portion of Lethe Vallis, an outflow channel that also transported lava. Another investigation of this area (Balme et al., 2011) discovered a repeat pattern of dune-like forms in the channel interpreted as fluvial dunes (or, giant current ripples) which are dunes formed by flowing water.This is one of only a few places on Mars where these pristine-appearing landforms have been identified. The channel formed by catastrophic floods, during which it produced the prominent crater-cored, teardroped-shaped island in the middle. The island has the blunter end pointing upstream and the long tail pointing downstream.Both the island and the fluvial dunes were formed by these extreme floods and their size is an indicator of the enormous discharges required to create them. The margins of the channel also show the terminal front of a pristine lava flow unit that inundated the channel from the south and the dunes show the remnants of another older lava flow. The top of the island displays polygonal patterned ground texture, which is a characteristic of periglacial processes in ice-rich ground.The dark materials from the channel and island walls are probably dark sand being eroded from an underlying horizontal basaltic (lava) layer. The crater at the core of the island has elongated dunes and reticulate dust ridges inside. This single image thus contains features formed by periglacial, volcanic, fluvial, impact, aeolian and mass wasting processes, all in one place.This is a stereo pair with ESP_044989_1845.The University of Arizona, Tucson, operates HiRISE, which was built by Ball Aerospace & Technologies Corp., Boulder, Colo. NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, a division of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena, manages the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter Project for NASA's Science Mission Directorate, Washington.
https://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA14559	/content/Nasa_Mars_Images/PIA14559_modest.jpg	Fractures mark the surface in this region of Margaritifer Terra in this image captured by NASA's 2001 Mars Odyssey spacecraft.	Context imageFractures mark the surface in this region of Margaritifer Terra.Orbit Number: 42470 Latitude: -18.3112 Longitude: 332.354 Instrument: VIS Captured: 2011-07-12 05:54Please see the THEMIS Data Citation Note for details on crediting THEMIS images.NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory manages the 2001 Mars Odyssey mission for NASA's Science Mission Directorate, Washington, D.C. The Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS) was developed by Arizona State University, Tempe, in collaboration with Raytheon Santa Barbara Remote Sensing. The THEMIS investigation is led by Dr. Philip Christensen at Arizona State University. Lockheed Martin Astronautics, Denver, is the prime contractor for the Odyssey project, and developed and built the orbiter. Mission operations are conducted jointly from Lockheed Martin and from JPL, a division of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena.
https://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA05881	/content/Nasa_Mars_Images/PIA05881_modest.jpg	This color image from NASA's 2001 Mars Odyssey released on May 6, 2004 shows the martian surface during the southern summer season in Reull Vallis.	Released 6 May 2004This daytime visible color image was collected on May 24, 2002 during the Southern Fall season in Reull Vallis.This daytime visible color image was collected on September 4, 2002 during the Northern Spring season in Vastitas Borealis. The THEMIS VIS camera is capable of capturing color images of the martian surface using its five different color filters. In this mode of operation, the spatial resolution and coverage of the image must be reduced to accommodate the additional data volume produced from the use of multiple filters. To make a color image, three of the five filter images (each in grayscale) are selected. Each is contrast enhanced and then converted to a red, green, or blue intensity image. These three images are then combined to produce a full color, single image. Because the THEMIS color filters don't span the full range of colors seen by the human eye, a color THEMIS image does not represent true color. Also, because each single-filter image is contrast enhanced before inclusion in the three-color image, the apparent color variation of the scene is exaggerated. Nevertheless, the color variation that does appear is representative of some change in color, however subtle, in the actual scene. Note that the long edges of THEMIS color images typically contain color artifacts that do not represent surface variation.Image information: VIS instrument. Latitude -40.1, Longitude 99.1 East (260.9 West). 19 meter/pixel resolution.Note: this THEMIS visual image has not been radiometrically nor geometrically calibrated for this preliminary release. An empirical correction has been performed to remove instrumental effects. A linear shift has been applied in the cross-track and down-track direction to approximate spacecraft and planetary motion. Fully calibrated and geometrically projected images will be released through the Planetary Data System in accordance with Project policies at a later time.NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory manages the 2001 Mars Odyssey mission for NASA's Office of Space Science, Washington, D.C. The Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS) was developed by Arizona State University, Tempe, in collaboration with Raytheon Santa Barbara Remote Sensing. The THEMIS investigation is led by Dr. Philip Christensen at Arizona State University. Lockheed Martin Astronautics, Denver, is the prime contractor for the Odyssey project, and developed and built the orbiter. Mission operations are conducted jointly from Lockheed Martin and from JPL, a division of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena.
https://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA16137	/content/Nasa_Mars_Images/PIA16137_modest.jpg	This view of the lower front and underbelly areas of NASA's Mars rover Curiosity combines nine images taken by the rover's MAHLI camera during the 34th Martian day, or sol, of Curiosity's work on Mars.	This view of the lower front and underbelly areas of NASA's Mars rover Curiosity combines nine images taken by the rover's Mars Hand Lens Imager (MAHLI) during the 34th Martian day, or sol, of Curiosity's work on Mars (Sept. 9, 2012). Curiosity's front Hazard-Avoidance cameras appear as a set of four blue eyes at the top center of the portrait. Fine-grain Martian dust can be seen adhering to the wheels, which are about 16 inches (40 centimeters) wide and 20 inches (50 centimeters) in diameter. The bottom of the rover is about 26 inches (66 centimeters) above the ground. On the horizon at the right is a portion of Mount Sharp, with dark dunes at its base. The camera is in the turret of tools at the end of Curiosity's robotic arm. The Sol 34 imaging by MAHLI was part of a week-long set of activities for characterizing the movement of the arm in Mars conditions. As this was a test to gain new information about operation of the instrument, the MAHLI team noted that two of the nine images acquired for this mosaic were not in focus. The main purpose of Curiosity's MAHLI camera is to acquire close-up, high-resolution views of rocks and soil at the rover's Gale Crater field site. The camera is capable of focusing on any target at distances of about 0.8 inch (2.1 centimeters) to infinity, providing versatility for other uses, such as views of the rover itself from different angles.
https://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA23746	/content/Nasa_Mars_Images/PIA23746_modest.jpg	This image from NASA's Mars Odyssey shows Eumenides Dorsum, a large linear rise located in southern Amazonis Planitia.	Context imageEumenides Dorsum is a large linear rise located in southern Amazonis Planitia. Erosion by wind action is prevalent in this region. The horseshoe shaped depressions in this image are called blowouts and align with the wind direction that blew from upper right to lower left. The deep troughs and the finer scale linear erosion at the bottom of the image were created by winds that blew along the trend from upper left to lower right. This reflects two different predominant wind directions. It is difficult from just one image to determine if the wind changes were seasonal or over thousands of years in a single direction.Orbit Number: 79668 Latitude: 3.05139 Longitude: 202.032 Instrument: VIS Captured: 2019-11-30 04:22Please see the THEMIS Data Citation Note for details on crediting THEMIS images.NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory manages the 2001 Mars Odyssey mission for NASA's Science Mission Directorate, Washington, D.C. The Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS) was developed by Arizona State University, Tempe, in collaboration with Raytheon Santa Barbara Remote Sensing. The THEMIS investigation is led by Dr. Philip Christensen at Arizona State University. Lockheed Martin Astronautics, Denver, is the prime contractor for the Odyssey project, and developed and built the orbiter. Mission operations are conducted jointly from Lockheed Martin and from JPL, a division of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena.