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in a refinery operation for producing asphalt , a metal organic acid salt is used to reduce h 2 s caused by thermal decomposition of hydrocarbons in the asphalt . | 2Chemistry; Metallurgy
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semiconductor devices that utilize a silicon - containing dielectric layer are disclosed . in one embodiment , a silicon - containing material is deposited on a substrate . the deposited material is processed with a reactive agent to react with silicon atoms of the deposited material to form the dielectric layer . the silicon - containing dielectric layer provides for improved or smaller semiconductor devices by reducing leakage and increasing the dielectric constant . | 7Electricity
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a method of microwave assisted chemical reaction includes providing a microwavable reaction vessel which contains at least one material in a sample . the sample is heated by microwave energy to elevate the temperature of the reagent and at least partially volatilize the sample to establish a gas phase within the vessel followed by positive cooling of the gas phase to reduce the temperature and responsively reduce the pressure of the gas phase without effecting substantial cooling of the liquid phase . the method may involve employing cooling exteriorly of and adjacent to the gas phase containing portion of the vessel or cooling by means of a coolant flowing within coils disposed in the interior of the vessel or both . the process is preferably a continuous process . the apparatus may be a vessel transparent to microwave energy for receiving the sample . the vessel has space overlying the liquid phase containing portion for a gas phase . structures for cooling means for positively cooling the gas phase to reduce the pressure of the gas phase without effecting substantial cooling of the reagent are provided . these structures for cooling may be contained within the vessel , exteriorly of the vessel or modification of the vessel configuration to facilitate gas phase cooling or combinations thereof . | 6Physics
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a method and system for providing information for facilitating health care and clinical decisions . the method includes receiving input data specifying patient information , comparing that data with one or more predetermined sets of reference data , and determining and displaying the output data . the output data can be displayed graphically , such as using bubbles of different color and size , to indicate risk factors and their contribution to potential health problems . after displaying the data , a second set of input data can be entered , and this data is compared to the first set of data and to one or more sets of reference data . a second set of output data is generatable and displayable alongside the first set of output data , | 6Physics
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this invention relates to a vaccine against canine herpesvirus from a newly isolated small - plaque variant of canine herpesvirus , and to a method for producing small - plaque variant reduced pathogenicity canine herpesvirus . | 0Human Necessities
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method and apparatus are provided for minimizing delay in the operation of a safety device in a device for thermally fixing an image to a paper medium . a safety device , such as a thermostat , is set to deactivate a heater unit if the temperature of the heater unit exceeds a first temperature value . if the temperature of the thermal unit exceeds a second temperature value lower than the first temperature value , a heat exhausting device , such as a fan , is turned off . shutting off the heat exhausting device stops cooling of the heater , thus decreasing the time elapsed before the safety device can detect the first temperature value . | 6Physics
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a pressure vessel includes a polyolefin extruded tube , a polyolefin flange overmolded onto the tube , and a cap engaged to the flange . in the overmolding process , a polyolefin material is overmolded unto a polyolefin substrate . | 1Performing Operations; Transporting
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a commercial off - the - shelf smartphone is adapted , through software modifications only , to provide multiple operating domains or domains that provide differing levels of security and reliability . each operating domain is isolated from the others . detection of unauthorized modification is provided . cross domain activity notification is provided . | 6Physics
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a centrifugal jig has a container mounted for rotation about its longitudinal axis , separated into an axial region and a peripheral region by ragging material supported by a screen . the peripheral region is composed of a series of hutch chambers with reciprocating wall portions located radially outside the screen , for repetitively dilating the ragging . also disclosed is a hutch chamber construction applicable to both rotary and non - rotary jigs , having a reciprocating wall portion which includes convergent wall surfaces leading to the hutch chamber concentrate outlet . | 1Performing Operations; Transporting
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elastomeric homopolymers and copolymers comprising at least one active group containing an alkali metal atom are chemically treated to incorporate at least one conjugated diolefin linkage . the chemical treatment consists of reacting the living polymers with 2 , 3 - ethylenically unsaturated aldehyde or ketone and then converting the reaction product thus obtained to the corresponding alcohol and dehydrating the alcohol to produce the conjugated diolefin linkage . the chemically treated elastomeric homopolymers and copolymers are useful in any of the applications known in the prior art for the corresponding untreated homopolymers and copolymers . moreover , the chemically treated elastomeric polymers may be reacted with an unsaturated monomeric dienophile through a 4 + 2 diels alder addition reaction and a polymer then grafted onto the chemically treated elastomeric polymer or the chemically treated elastomeric polymer may be reacted directly with another polymer containing at least one dienophile group . when the polymer grafted onto or reacted with the chemically treated elastomeric polymer is an unsaturated polyester or a polyvinylester the resulting product is advantageously used as a modifier in thermosetting resin compositions . the resulting thermosetting resin composition as well as the molded products produced therefrom , will , in general , exhibit improved properties . | 2Chemistry; Metallurgy
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the invention relates to data generators producing output signals representative of data and in compliance with a predetermined telecommunications standard . a generator of the invention comprises a memory device programmed with data which produces signals representing control bits for controlling the configuration of output data , e . g . frame and multiframe synchronization signals , and additional signals which control a sequence generator producing a sequence of data to be inserted in the data pattern . operation is completely programmable and may be adapted to numerous different telecommunications standards . the invention is applicable to testing telecommunications networks . | 7Electricity
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a solar powered hybrid power system including a solar charge collector ; a charge storage system comprising at least a first charge storage device adapted to receive and store charge from said solar charge collector ; wherein said charge storage system further comprises a power electronic circuit selectively connectable to at least a second charge storage device , said power electronic circuit adapted to transfer said stored charge to said at least a second charge storage device at a selectable voltage level . | 8General tagging of new or cross-sectional technology
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the apparatus is a spring system on forage harvester feedrolls . the upper forward feedroll has two concentric springs on each side . the outer spring is operative over the whole range of displacement . the inner spring exerts tensioning force on the feedroll only as of a certain minimal lifting of the feedroll . the rear upper feedroll has one spring on each side . this one spring has a substantially smaller spring force than the forward spring package . the feedroll supporting linkages are arranged with complementary and cooperating cam surfaces which are disposed so that , when the forward feedroll is lifted above a predetermined minimum value , the rearward feedroll is also lifted thereby without even any lifting force from the crop material passing therebelow . | 0Human Necessities
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the present invention achieves wireless delivery of media streams to portable devices for providing media information related to a show or attraction for the purposes of captioning , language translation , and assistive listening . as a person moves about a venue , the device receives infrared or radio signals from transmitters at venue locations . the device decodes each signal as venue location , event time , or device trigger for presentation on the device . the device memory contains audio , text , graphics and device playback may contain one or many of these stored contents . the stored content is synchronized with the user &# 39 ; s location , time of travel , time of day , time of a show , or an event in a show and may be in one or many languages . presentation of stored content on the device may also be altered by user preference , stored logic constraints , automatic learning of user behavior , or user interaction with other devices . | 7Electricity
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disclosed is an integrated microprocessor chip . the chip includes a digital video decoder inverse discrete cosine transform element and an on chip read only memory . the on chip read only memory includes a shift register latch for receiving data from off chip pull - up resistors , a register for storing data , a selector and a decoder for selecting memory cells to be read from the register , and a read only memory data output . | 6Physics
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a groundwall insulation system for use in dynamoelectric machines carrying voltage above 4 kv , and preferably in the order of 13 . 8 kv , or higher has two layers of insulation wound onto the conductors of the high voltage winding . the first layer of insulation has a first permittivity that is greater then the permittivity of the second layer of insulation wound onto the first layer of insulation . as a consequence , at the juncture between the first and second layers there is a sharp increase in the electric field profile as seen through the groundwall insulation . | 7Electricity
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a catalyst for the selective reduction of nitrous oxide with ammonia contains , in addition to titanium oxide as component , at least one oxide of w , si , b , al , p , zr , ba , y , la , ce and at least one oxide of y , nb , mo , fe , cu as component , whereby the atomic ratio between the elements of components and amounts to 1 : 0 . 001 up to 1 . the catalyst can be obtained by kneading reactive titanium oxide with a high specific surface of predominantly anatase with the substances of component or their preliminary stages , adding processing agents , winding up with a homogeneous kneaded mass , extruding the latter , drying the extrudate and calcining in air at 300 Β°- 800 Β° c . | 1Performing Operations; Transporting
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surgical instruments and procedures are disclosed that enable the injection of an optimal amount of curable resin and / or the placement of an internal fixation device in an intramedullary canal of a fractured bone . the disclosed instruments and procedures enable a surgeon to clear a portion of the canal of cancellous bone and marrow across the fracture site without damaging the cortical wall . | 0Human Necessities
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a process cartridge detachably mountable to a main assembly of an electrophotographic image forming apparatus , includes an electrophotographic photosensitive drum , a developing roller , a drum frame , a movable developing frame taking a position where the roller contacts the drum , and a force receiver having first and second force receivers for receiving first and second external forces . the second force receiver moves relative to the developing frame . the second force receiver takes a stand - by position retracted from an operating position when the first force receiver receives the first external force , and moves from the stand - by to the operating position for moving the developing frame from the contacting position to the spacing position . the distance the second force receiver moves from the stand - by to the operating position is larger than the distance the first force receiver moves by the first external force . | 6Physics
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a minefield clearing apparatus for attachment to a vehicle and having : an interface assembly for raising and shunting aside mines and other objects buried below the ground surface including : an articulated rake having a pluraity of plow teeth which , in operation , extend below the ground surface ; and a conveyor apparatus extending along the side of the vehicle and adapted to transport the contents of the earth raised by the articulated rake to the rear of the vehicle . | 5Mechanical Engineering; Lightning; Heating; Weapons; Blasting
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a bed system having support means with at least one part formed with an elongated resilient means , the support means including at least two longitudinally related sections able to be affected by a selection of voids , solid shapes or resilient inserts to locally alter the resilience of the at least two longitudinally related sections for selectively adjusting the support means along its length . | 8General tagging of new or cross-sectional technology
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low cost miniature vector sensors are provided . an acoustic vector sensor is provided that comprises at least one accelerometer to measure at least one component of acoustic particle acceleration , wherein the at least one accelerometer has a resonant frequency within a measurement band of the acoustic vector sensor . in addition , a method is disclosed for measuring an acoustic signal . the method comprises the steps of configuring an array of acoustic vector sensors comprised of at least one accelerometer to measure at least one component of acoustic particle acceleration ; operating the at least one accelerometer at a resonant frequency within a measurement band of the acoustic vector sensor ; and generating a voltage using one or more of the acoustic vector sensors representative of the acoustic signal as the acoustic signal propagates past the array . the voltage optionally indicates a bearing of the acoustic signal . | 6Physics
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a system and method for reducing or entirely canceling background or ambient noise from a voice transmission from a communications device . a communications device , such as a mobile telephone , is configured with an ambient noise compensation signal generator that is connected between a microphone and a mixer . the original output of the microphone and a compensation signal generated by the ambient noise compensation signal generator are mixed together prior to being passed to a transmitter . in one embodiment a buffer is provided between the microphone and the mixer to help synchronize the timing of the signals to be mixed . in another embodiment a second microphone is employed to detect ambient noise . | 6Physics
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a press for transferring images from pictures or substrates to other objects , such as mugs or other cylindrical objects . the press comprises a flexible band or jacket type clamp lined with suitable compressible material and capable of being clamped tightly against a generally cylindrical outer surface of an object , with the image to be transferred against such outer surface . the image is urged into intimate contact with the outer cylindrical surface by the clamping pressure transferred through the compressible material . an adjustable clamp permits ease of placement of the band type press onto the object to which the image is to be transferred . | 1Performing Operations; Transporting
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the invention discloses a positioning system utilizing toa or rss algorithm to position a mobile device with a two - point positioning method . when the invention is applied to the two - point positioning method , there are several advantages , listed as follows : more precise ; farther distance and range while positioning ; lower cost ; and more reliable than aoa algorithm . | 6Physics
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the quality of data stored in a memory system is assessed by different methods , and the memory system is operated according to the assessed quality . the data quality can be assessed during read operations . subsequent use of an error correction code can utilize the quality indications to detect and reconstruct the data with improved effectiveness . alternatively , a statistics of data quality can be constructed and digital data values can be associated in a modified manner to prevent data corruption . in both cases the corrective actions can be implemented specifically on the poor quality data , according to suitably chosen schedules , and with improved effectiveness because of the knowledge provided by the quality indications . these methods can be especially useful in high - density memory systems constructed of multi - level storage memory cells . | 6Physics
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method and system aspects for providing efficient management interaction in a consumer transaction system are described . the system includes a plurality of point of sale systems , a central controller system coupled to the plurality of pos systems , and a mobile manager system . the mobile manager system communicates with the plurality of pos systems through the central controller system by a wireless communication mechanism and remotely monitors and responds to the plurality of pos systems . | 6Physics
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a moldable unsaturated polyester resin composition having improved antishrinking and shape - retaining properties contains an unsaturated polyester resin / styrene mixture , fillers , glass fibers , an antishrinkage agent and a demolding agent , wherein the demolding agent is calcium montanate and wherein the antishrinkage agent is preferably a methyl methacrylate polymer . the composition is particularly useful for the manufacture of lamp reflectors having superior shape and weight retention integrity and reduced reflector surface fogging . | 5Mechanical Engineering; Lightning; Heating; Weapons; Blasting
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a squelch detector , including : an input configured to receive an input signal ; a peak detector connected to the input configured to detect a maximum value of the input signal wherein the peak detector includes a refresh input configured to receive a refresh signal to refresh the output of the peak detector , a valley detector connected to the input configured to detect a minimum value of the input signal wherein the valley detector includes a refresh input configured to receive the refresh signal to refresh the output of the valley detector , and a comparator including a first signal input connected to an output of the peak detector , a second input connected to an output of the valley detector , and a first reference input , wherein the comparator is configured to compare a difference between an output of the peak detector and an output of the valley detector and a reference value received at the first reference input and configured to produce an output based upon the comparison . | 6Physics
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a method and apparatus is disclosed for soldering leadless semiconductor modules having contact pads on the bottom thereof to and desoldering them from leaded terminal pads on a printed wiring board . the device includes a housing having a bore in which is slidably mounted a suction head . the suction head is used to raise and lower the module relative to the leaded terminals . the suction head has a passageway connected to a source of vacuum for both holding the module relative to the head as well as exhausting heated air from a source which is directed against the leaded terminals to melt same . | 1Performing Operations; Transporting
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the present invention provides a digital image providing system comprising a processing information obtaining device which obtains processing information for performing required image processing on an original image of a customer taken at a photo - studio , an encrypting device which encrypts the obtained processing information , a decrypting device which decrypts the encrypted processing information , and a device which records the original image of the customer and the encrypted processing information of the original image in association with each other on a recording medium to be provided for the customer or uploads them to a server accessible to the customer . | 6Physics
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a method and system for providing a filter having an increased speed and decreased settling time are disclosed . the method and system comprise summing means for adding and subtracting . the method and system further comprise means coupled to the summer for providing a delay ; and a clock coupled to the delay providing means . the clock determines a number of samples during a predetermined time . the clock is operated at a plurality of frequencies such that the total number of samples during the predetermined time is a predetermined number . according to the method and system disclosed , the filter has an increased speed . the increased speed of the filter can operate to extend the lifetime of power devices . | 7Electricity
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a clutch including a reaction plate configured to exert a compression force . the clutch further includes a friction plate having a surface opposing the reaction plate . a friction material layer has a first surface attached to the surface of the friction plate , and a second surface opposing the reaction plate . the second surface of the friction material layer has a plurality of dimples formed therein . further , a lubrication fluid is disposed between the reaction plate and the friction material layer for transferring the compression force and providing a lubrication layer between the reaction plate and the friction plate . | 5Mechanical Engineering; Lightning; Heating; Weapons; Blasting
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power is recovered from an escalator or a moving walkway as the step orbits an endless track on rollers . a generator is connected to a roller orbiting the track . a battery backup is provided . the power is used for emergency lighting on the step , and for data transmission . advertising and messages are displayed on a dynamic video screen mounted on the step . the apparatus is mostly contained within the escalator step . information is communicated wirelessly to a remotely located central control station and back to the step , so as to display information in real time and to update advertising while the escalator is in operation . the central control station also monitors performance parameters . the visual display can include led lighting . | 1Performing Operations; Transporting
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a control device is connectable to a surgical instrument , and controls the surgical instrument . when the surgical instrument is connected , the control device determines the quality of the surgical instrument by performing a plurality of different tests . | 0Human Necessities
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a credit operations center is connected to provide functionality , monitoring and control over one or more locations , such as a store that may sell goods or services . in conjunction with the purchase of these goods or services , it may be necessary to secure credit for their purchase . to assist with the processing of a credit application , each location is provided with one or more mechanisms to facilitate entry of credit application information . for example , these systems can be more traditional in nature and include scanners and fax machines or more sophisticated and entirely electronic and secure such that a user can be prompted for all the necessary information to apply for a loan . this information is capable of being forwarded electronically to a credit operations center for processing . | 6Physics
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in a single - row and expandable into a multi - row stretch blow molding method and apparatus , a robot having a universal gripper assembly is used to pick up molded preforms during the clamp opening stroke of a preform - molding unit and then transfer the preforms at variable time intervals to a conditioning , stretch blow molding and discharge unit , releases finished hollow articles and returns to a waiting position at the preform - molding unit independent of the preform - molding cycle . simultaneously , component transfer devices pick up external components , i . e . labels , valves or handles during the stretch blow molding phase and release the components into the blow - mold cavities while the universal gripper assembly is in the waiting position . the universal gripper assembly can alternatively also be pivoted to pick up preforms from a lateral reheat unit to supplement the molded preform supply . a modular stack - blow - mold clamp assembly is equipped with a plurality of pivoting spacing means which open and close the blow - mold halves and align their respective parting lines to correspond with the center - row distances of the preform molds , conditioning and stretch blow means . prior to the transfer of the molded preforms to a conditioning station , internal components , i . e . sleeves or liners can be inserted into the neck and body portion of the preforms . further , a secondary robot with a gripper assembly can pick up pretreated preforms from the first set of blow molds and transfer them into one or several consecutive blow mold assemblies . | 1Performing Operations; Transporting
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an arrangement for supplying originals for a copying apparatus has a supply stack arranged above an illumination location of a copying apparatus , guiding members forming a transport path for guiding the original from the stack to the illumination location , a transporting device arranged to turn the original removed from the stack and supply the original to the illumination location , wherein the transporting device includes a rotatable transport cylinder connected with the transport path and having a peripheral portion with a turnable suction nozzle member with a plurality of suction nozzles forming the separating device , the stack has a stack - supporting surface with an end section forming a tangent with the periphery of the transport cylinder and having an opening extending from a contact point with the cylinder and to a front stack abutment , and a control device is provided and arranged to switch off the transport cylinder in a position in which the suction nozzle member is located in the region of the opening of the stack - supporting surface , to turn the suction nozzle member to the lower side of the stack , to activate a valve communicating the suction nozzles with a suction conduit of a suction source , to again switch on the transport cylinder , and to turn back the suction nozzle member on the periphery of the transport cylinder . | 6Physics
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a method of reducing pulmonary arterial hypertension in a mammal that employs fk506 is provided . in certain embodiments , the method comprises administering fk506 to a mammal having pulmonary arterial hypertension associated with defective mbpr2 signaling at a dosage sufficient to reduce blood pressure in the pulmonary artery of the mammal . | 6Physics
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the viscosity of various ionic liquids , the solvent tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether , and their mixtures , with or without lithium salts , were measured experimentally . various compositions were studied spectroscopically . detailed analysis reveals that g4 preferentially solvates cations , leading to a reduction in the interaction energy between cations and anions and a subsequent enhancement in anion mobility . diffusivity and ionic conductivity of certain compositions were improved at g4 mole fractions below levels required for a β solvate ionic liquid β. when an il was combined with low amounts of a 1 : 1 stoichiometric ratio of g4 and lithium salt , the viscosity of composition remained constant and ion mobility increased . | 7Electricity
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the adjustable air inlet for clothing is of particular value to those wearing heavy protective clothing in warmer conditions , such as motorcyclists wearing leather protective apparel . the adjustable air inlet is installed in a passage through the clothing where it may be aligned with ambient airflow , e . g ., along the forearm , upper thigh , shoulder , or on the back of a glove or on a boot . inner and outer flanges are installed along the edges of the hole , the outer flange securing a resilient scoop over the hole . a duct is preferably provided from the trailing end of the scoop within the clothing to an area of the body that is most benefited by the airflow . the scoop is normally open , but may be closed by a latch extending from the forward part of the outer flange . a cooling insert may be installed within the scoop for additional comfort . | 0Human Necessities
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the present invention is aimed to provide means and methods for recovery of an ip multimedia subsystem β ims β where a home subscriber server β hss β holding subscriber data for subscribers of the ims has suffered a restart . a first method of recovery is applied after detecting a hss restart , and as receiving a registration from a given subscriber or an invitation to communicate with a given subscriber from another subscriber . a second method of recovery is applied after detecting a hss restart , and as receiving a request from a given subscriber at a s - cscf previously assigned for serving the given subscriber in the ims . both first and second methods may be applied in the ims separately , or in cooperation , following a best effort to ensure that , whatever event occurs first , receiving a registration from a given subscriber , or an invitation to communicate with a given subscriber , or receiving a request from a given subscriber at a s - cscf previously assigned , the actions triggered by the first method or by the second method achieve the recovery of the ims without further actions not applied yet from said second or first methods . | 7Electricity
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apparatus for planting green plants on reinforced concrete structures includes a t - shaped base mount having a positioning hole connected to an l - shaped tube and a high density sponge inside . the base mount is connected to a cylinder which includes a positioning hole connected to a t - shaped tube . a sand - releasing tube is connected at the bottom of the t - shaped tube and a funnel - connected snake - shaped tube is connected at the top . another positioning hole on the cylinder is connected to an l - shaped air pipe . a cover plate having a hole at the center is attached to the top of the cylinder , the hole in the cover plate being connectable to a planting tube . the cylinder is connected to an anchor - shaped metal handle and a cylinder fixing frame so as to position the entire apparatus on steel rods within the reinforced concrete structure . | 0Human Necessities
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apparatus , systems and methods of using 70 cfm ventilation fans with heaters for bathrooms having depressibly engageable and depressibly releaseable light covers . the novel ventilation fans and heaters can be mounted to structure in ceilings and inside walls with telescoping suspension brackets that are affixed directly to separate sides of the housing to support the housing against joists and structural supports behind the ceiling . adjustable louvers on the grill cover allow for outgoing heated air to travel in a different direction into a space from the incoming air travelling into the housing . plastic type housings around blower wheels reduce undesirable noise effects . light covers can be easily opened and closed by using depressible engageable fasteners , and depressible release fasteners . | 5Mechanical Engineering; Lightning; Heating; Weapons; Blasting
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a data detection circuit employing either amplitude or transition location techniques to adjust a detection threshold for following shifts in baseline of the signal being detected . in the amplitude version , the midway amplitude value between a detected succession of positive and negative peaks adjusts the detection threshold such that threshold adjustment occurs in one detection period and is used in the immediately - following detection period . in the transition - position detection , the relative location in time of successive transitions , represented by samples of the transition of a read signal , are integrated and averaged for providing detection which tracks baseline shifts . in all cases , shifting of detection threshold is always immediately adjacent the usage of a detection threshold which continually follows a shifting dc baseline of the input signal . a tracking detection threshold follows baseline shift of a distorted read signal detects zero axis crossing of the analog signal for generating a nrzi digital waveform . | 6Physics
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a device for securing and stabilizing an intravenous catheter and a portion of its associated tubing in place relative to the limb of a patient , comprising a planar base to be removeably attached to the limb of a patient adjacent the catheter entry site , having a pair of u - shaped walls defining an acruate slot therebetween to receive and stabilize the catheter tubing , and further having a cover adapted to be removeably interconnected to the planar base to retain and stabilize the catheter and associated tubing relative to the limb of the patient and prevent direct access to the catheter entry site . the device is preferably constructed of a clear plastic material and is preferably attached to the limb of the patient with one or more flexible adhesive strips . | 8General tagging of new or cross-sectional technology
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a spacer for a fuel element of a boiling water reactor contains cells that are formed by inner partitions , which are disposed in a crisscross manner , and by outer partitions , which surround the inner partitions in a frame - like manner . a guiding device is placed on the spacer and contains a flow - through opening , which is located in an outer partition . the guiding device also contains a guiding element which , when viewed in the direction of flow of the coolant , is located in front of the flow - through opening , and is situated at a distance from the inner side of the outer partition , and interacts with the flow - through opening like a venturi nozzle . | 6Physics
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the invention is an improved apparatus and method for the automatic coloration and / or shading of images , and especially images utilized for presenting animated motion pictures . display means are provided , preferably at least one display for displaying monochrome line drawings and one for displaying color images . graphical imput means , for example a data tablet , are provided , having a coordinate system adapted to effect display on the display means of characters defined by coordinate points selected by an operator . means are provided for storing the coordinate points of at least one enclosed area of the coordinate system , this storing means typically including a portion of the data base of a computer system which stores the coordinate points of the lines drawn by the operator . these lines typically define a plurality of enclosed areas , such as the areas of a drawn character or figure . means are also provided for storing an operator - selected position reference , called a &# 34 ; seed point &# 34 ;, for each enclosed area . further means are provided for storing an operator - selected color - defining parameter associated with each of the seed points . in this manner , the operator defines the coloration of each area , the seed point defining the area to be colored and the color - defining parameter associated with the seed point being determinative of the color with which the area will be filled . means are provided for scanning the coordinate points within each enclosed area , the scan for each area initiating from a position which depends upon the stored position references , i . e . the stored seed points . finally , video frame storage means are provided for storing the selected color - defining and / or shading - defining parameter for each of the scanned coordinate points within each enclosed area . in this manner , the video frame storage means will store the operator - selected parameter for each enclosed area , this operation being performed automatically after selection of the area and the desired color . | 6Physics
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a tool for using in aligning , fastening , supporting , and sealing adjacent sections of a mandrel having a curved outer surface is provided . this tool has a t - shaped cross section and includes a leg section that has a composite sheet extending through the middle of it and a top section that is integral with said leg section . the top section has a pair of grooves therein spaced apart from each other along the length of the tool where o - ring means fits in the grooves and seals the adjacent section of the mandrel gas tight . | 1Performing Operations; Transporting
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an adaptive difference computing element which consumes less power without any decrease in calculation accuracy includes : a first circuit receiving first and second data with the same bit lengths and each having bits at one and the other ends , determining if a prescribed relation is obtained between a bit string from each bit to the bit at one end of the first data and that of the second data for each bit of the first data and corresponding each bit of the second data , and replacing the each bit of the first data and the corresponding each bit of the second data with same predetermined bit values if the prescribed relation is obtained , and otherwise directly outputting the first and second data ; and a subtracter having inputs connected to receive the first and second data from the first circuit , respectively . | 7Electricity
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prism assemblies for projector display systems disclosed receive inputs from discrete color channels ( e . g ., red , green and blue channels . in one embodiment , β off state β light from the red , green , and blue dlp modulation may be reflected away from on - state light paths within the prism , tending to avoid uncontrolled scatter . in other embodiments , by keeping the colors separate for much of the prism path length , power levels may be significantly reduced at typical failure points . light efficiency may be increased significantly when using discrete light sources like leds and lasers by removal of the additional red , green , and blue separation and re - combination losses . | 6Physics
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a system and method are described for transferring excess air from the compressor of a combustion - gas turbine having a paired compressor and expander , to at least one separate combustor where it is mixed with fuel and burned to power at least one non - paired expander . in a preferred embodiment , the non - paired expander is an &# 34 ; off the shelf &# 34 ; unit which can be readily purchased and installed . | 8General tagging of new or cross-sectional technology
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a dot matrix printer comprises a head comprising a plurality of printing elements , a motor for moving the head , an oscillation source for supplying pulses for driving the motor , and varying means for varying the spacing between dots printed by the head at an integer ratio corresponding to the driving pulses put out from the oscillation source . | 1Performing Operations; Transporting
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a modular realty signpost comprising a first vertical sign section made from extruded vinyl tubing ; a second horizontal sign section made from extruded vinyl tubing and designed to intersect and connect with the first vertical sign section ; and a plurality of clip and bracket combinations for holding a swinging realty sign , each of said clips designed to fit in an aperture in a bottom surface of the second horizontal sign section . a method for making same is also disclosed . | 6Physics
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methods , apparatuses , and computer program products for implementing interactive applications by storing and retrieving streaming video clips and associated metadata are described . | 7Electricity
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in manufacturing a device using an organic tft , it is essential to develop an element in which a channel length is short or a channel width is narrow to downsize a device . based on the above , it is an object of the present invention to provide an organic tft in which characteristic is improved . in view of the foregoing problem , one feature of the present invention is that an element is baked after an organic semiconductor film is deposited . more specifically , one feature of the present invention is that the organic semiconductor film is heated under atmospheric pressure or under reduced pressure . moreover , a baking process may be carried out in an inert gas atmosphere . | 6Physics
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an agent interface controls display of an agent and receives a request from a user . a search engine searches for an action script describing a procedure of controlling the agent interface in accordance with the request input from the agent interface . an action script executing engine executes the action script searched by the search engine . thus , since action scripts adapted to be used for the same kind but different types of electrical household appliances are prepared in action script db , for example , the different types of electrical household appliances can be operated by the same procedure and interfaces can be unified . | 6Physics
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a ridge ventilator for covering an open ridge of a roof while promoting ventilation of a space beneath the roof . the ridge ventilator has a sectional body having a first side and a second side , a number of partitions extending across said body between said sides , as well as a first end and a second end . the vent body has a width between said sides to permit said body to be laid over and cover an open ridge in a roof formed at the peak . the body also includes a recessed middle portion in a top face of the body , the recess being sized and shaped to accommodate roofing cap shingles . the body also includes opposed raised and curved , in side view , air foil side sections ; which have a grill to permit air to pass therethrough between a space beneath said roof and the outside , the air foil side sections being sized and shaped to create , in a wind passing over the air foil sections , a low pressure adjacent to the grill to facilitate drawing air out of the space . | 4Fixed Constructions
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a system and method for the capture and storage of data relating to the movements of objects , in a specified area and enables this data to be displayed in a graphically meaningful and useful manner . video data is collected and video metadata is generated relating to objects appearing in the video data and their movements over time . the movements of the objects are then analyzed to detect the movements within a region of interest . this detection of movement allows a user , such as a manager of a store , to make informed decisions as to the infrastructure and operation of the store . one detection method relates to the number of people that are present in a region of interest for a specified time period . a second detection method relates to the number of people that remain or dwell in a particular area for a particular time period . a third detection method determines the flow of people and the direction they take within a region of interest . a fourth detection method relates to the number of people that enter a certain area by crossing a virtual line , a tripwire . | 6Physics
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a solid state form of a dye - solution absorption filter is disclosed . physical vapor depositable dyes are codeposited with a polyester matrix in a vacuum system to randomly disperse dye molecules in a solid dilutant . the dyes are selected to absorb at the wavelengths of interest . dilution in a transparent matrix affords narrow band absorption and good out of band transmittance . multilayer configurations allow absorption of a plurality of wavelengths . the filter coating conforms to curved and sharply contoured surfaces and layers only 10 microns thick afford very high absorptance . | 6Physics
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a microfluidic printing apparatus responsive to an image file for printing a plurality of pixels on a receiver . the apparatus includes a plurality of colorant delivery chambers which contain colorants having mobile ions ; and channels for delivering colorants to each colorant delivery chamber . a structure for colorant delivery is connected to the channels for controlling the amount of colorants delivered to the colorant delivery chambers . electric drivers associated with the microfluidic pumps and the microvalves and which operate the microvalves and the microfluidic pumps for delivering the colorant to the colorant delivery chambers . | 1Performing Operations; Transporting
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fast frame recorder apparatus is known wherein information corresponding to an object of interest is recorded at a fast frame rate and displayed at a slower frame rate to produce a slow motion replay of the object . in accordance with the present disclosure , such apparatus is so modified that information corresponding to the object of interest is sampled a plurality of times for each recorded frame to provide an increased frame rate with respect to the object of interest . | 7Electricity
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a digital picture frame has a frame bounding a touch screen that presents a user interface having first and second arcs of selector elements . the first arc of selector elements is manipulable to establish an input genre root , and the second arc is manipulable to select an input branching from a genre root selected using an element in the first group . the arcs are rotatable to reveal previously unpresented selector elements when a person moves a hand along the respective arc . | 6Physics
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a method of motion compensation for an input block is disclosed . the method generally includes the steps of generating a plurality of tap values in response to a motion vector for the input block , generating an interpolated block by programmable filtering a reference block using the tap values , the interpolated block being spatially offset from the reference block by less than a half - pel separation and generating an output block in response to the input block and the interpolated block . | 7Electricity
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a directed force turbine device utilizing forces of wind or water current flow featuring a wheel - style rotor assembly having side panels connected via a plurality of curved vanes , the rotor assembly rotates on bearings about a fixed axle shaft , the curved vanes harness the incoming current flow , which drives rotation of the rotor assembly , the vanes surround the fixed axle shaft and form an inner cavity ; a stator assembly disposed in the inner cavity of the rotor assembly , the stator assembly does not rotate with the rotor assembly , the stator assembly comprises flow directors wherein entering current flow is directed in between the flow directors which functions to apply a positive force against forward moving vanes of the rotor assembly ; a funnel assembly and external flow director for controlling intake of the current flow ; and an exhaust port . | 5Mechanical Engineering; Lightning; Heating; Weapons; Blasting
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a front opening wafer carrier formed principally of plastic and comprising an enclosure portion and door has a path to ground with respect to the wafers , the path to ground effectuated by the door . the base β ground β may be provided at the machine interface upon which the carrier sits , or through the robotic arm that grasps , operates and moves the door . | 7Electricity
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a method and device for displaying map data and related data and thereby permitting easy enlargement of the scope of the application of map - based data services , wherein additional drawing data for superposing on a map displayed on a screen , and setting data for specifying a map display , are sent and received between different application programs using inter - application exchange in a standard data format . required map data and related data are displayed on the screen using a first application program having a function for converting received additional drawing data and setting data to the aforesaid data format and transmitting it by inter - application exchange , then using a second application program which displays a map on the display screen according to the setting data transmitted by the first application program and displays additional data on the screen map corresponding to the additional drawing data . | 8General tagging of new or cross-sectional technology
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a hydraulic telescoping ram of the type suitable to tip dump trucks and the like , which permits the use of outer aggressive seals and a bore sealing device by providing a conduit which hydraulically connects the upper end of each cylinder of the telescopic ram with an oil reservoir . this makes it possible to use seals which are not aggressive and which can run on surfaces of somewhat less than top quality , on the internal bottom faces of the rams so as to allow the passage of a small quantity of oil into a gap formed within the ram and cylinder and between the aggressive and non - aggressive seals . the oil which passes the non - aggressive seal is returned to the oil reservoir when the ram is extended . | 5Mechanical Engineering; Lightning; Heating; Weapons; Blasting
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nozzle for thermal spray gun , thermal spray gun and method of optimizing nozzle of thermal spray gun . the nozzle includes a central bore comprising a conical bore and a cylindrical bore . the conical bore is delimited by a conical wall surface in a conical bore section , the cylindrical bore is delimited by a cylindrical wall surface in a cylindrical bore section , and the conical bore section and the cylindrical bore section are structured so that heat is removed more rapidly from the conical wall than from the cylindrical wall . | 7Electricity
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an apparatus operative to perform at least one of lifting and moving containers . a base structure is provided with wheels , counter - weight and supports on both sides . transverse beams are arranged on the on the base structure parallel with axles of the wheels . the beams include container moving units . the base structure includes two base cars arranged antimerically to and movable synchronously with each other , both base cars include container moving units having upper and lower container grips . the container moving units include at least one of traveling lower and upper lifting beams bearing at least a part of the container grips . | 1Performing Operations; Transporting
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a process is disclosed in which a rectangular spacer frame for insulating glass is automatically manufactured in that a tubular bar is repeatedly bent in a common bending plane and its free ends are joined . one or both end portions of the tubular bar are deflected out of the bending plane during the final bending operation so that the free ends are moved to such positions that said extremities are laterally spaced apart and extend alongside each other . the end portions of the tubular bar are then gripped and moved to positions in which they are axially aligned and spaced apart . the free ends of said end portions are subsequently joined to each other to form the spacer frame , which is subsequently transferred to an overhead conveyor in an automatic operation . | 1Performing Operations; Transporting
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the invention relates to a tape applicator head for dispensing tape onto a working surface in the construction of primarily structural parts . the tape applicator head includes a slidably mounted cylinder to which a rotation rack assembly is mounted . the rotation rack assembly includes a pair of dispensing and compacting blocks which are mounted to be stationary relative to each other but to pivot in unison relative to the remainder of the head at the end of a tape laying pass . this pivotal movement of the dispensing and compacting blocks produces the unique step - over or the looping of the tape . | 1Performing Operations; Transporting
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a tonneau cover is arranged to mount on the truck box of a conventional pick up truck for enclosing the box . the cover comprises a pair of panels which are pivotally mounted on respective sides of the box . the panels extend laterally inward such that free ends of the panels engage each other in a closed position . the panels may be pivoted upward and secured in an upward orientation by a pair of rails connected between the free ends of the respective panels in an extended position of the panels . the panels form a pair of side walls in the extended position for supporting large cargo in the box . the rails form a rack in the extended position for supporting additional cargo thereon . a locking device secures the panels in the closed position while a plurality of struts provides additional support to the panels when pivoting the panels between the closed and extended positions . | 1Performing Operations; Transporting
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in order to provide a pleasing aesthetic appearance , and also in order to enable concealed , directional lighting to be used , an openword grid - like suspended ceiling system has outer squares which contain four inner blades forming an inner square surrounded by four rectangles . light fittings are associated with the rectangles so that the axis of a light fitting can be inclined . in order to enable the ceiling system to be packaged at low packing density , the four inner blades are hinged to each other and collapse so as to lie parallel to each other . after opening out , they can be hooked into the sides of the outer squares . | 4Fixed Constructions
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four poppet valves are mounted in a common machined body which has a single inlet port , a pair of working ports and a pair of exhaust ports . the body interior has four valve ports , two of which connect the inlet port to the two working ports and the other two connecting the working ports with the exhaust ports . the housing also has identically sized guide supports and piston chambers for the poppet valves . these may be chosen either as normally closed or normally open straight way valves in a variety of arrangements . with each arrangement one or more pilot valves , either straight way , three - way or four - way , normally closed or normally open , may be connected to the piston chambers . thus , the valve system may be arranged to have a four - way function as controlled by a single normally closed three - way pilot valve , operate two independent fluid motors using two three - way pilots , or can be arranged for various other control functions . | 8General tagging of new or cross-sectional technology
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a method and apparatus for cleaning layers of earth that contain noxious material via a cleaning medium that takes up the noxious material and is introduced into the layers of earth via a drilling tube . the cleaning medium is extracted by suction from the layers of earth and is subsequently processed . to achieve a precise cleaning on the spot in a continuous manner without the necessity for excavating the earth , the cleaning is effected within a chamber that surrounds the drilling tube . the chamber can be lowered into the ground either together with or separately from the drilling tube . after termination of the cleaning process , at least parts of chambers used therefor are removed from the ground and shifted to a region that has not yet been cleaned , resulting in an advancement of the cleaning process in a horizontal direction . a sludge mixture can also be pumped from the chamber into a cleaning unit , with the clean , recovered earth again being introduced into the chamber . | 4Fixed Constructions
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a method and system for cleaning and / or burnishing an article . the article is operated on by a burnishing object having one more cutting edges and one or more heating surfaces . the article rotates relative to the burnishing head and the cutting edges remove asperities from the article . the heating surface can be activated and can optionally protrude from the burnishing head to further reduce roughness of the surface of the article as the article is rotating relative to the head . the cutting edges and heating surfaces can be configured in shape and size to accommodate the article . | 6Physics
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the invention relates to a method for routing a message from a cell control to a mobile control of a radio network control equipment and vice versa . such methods are substantially known in the art for radio network controllers rncs . the present invention proposes a communication between functional entities of a distributed rnc enabling the routing of the message by using known protocols and reusing identifiers already known for these protocols . | 7Electricity
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an information processing device is disclosed that is able to prevent displacement of an extension board caused by vibration or shock , and able to prevent deformation of the extension board and members nearby . the information processing device includes a substrate with a cpu mounted thereon , a housing that accommodates the substrate , an extension board arranged to be parallel to the substrate , and a supporting member that is fixed on the housing and is arranged to be parallel to at least one end surface of the substrate so that the supporting member supports the extension board . | 6Physics
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the invention relates to methods for controlling a wind turbine connected to the utility grid by detecting status of the utility grid , and controlling one or more rotor blades and / or emitted power to the grid in returning to the operational wind turbine settings of normal grid mode . the invention also relates to a wind turbine and a wind park comprising at least two wind turbines . | 5Mechanical Engineering; Lightning; Heating; Weapons; Blasting
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a manufacturing method of oriented silicon steel with magnetic induction b8 of not less than 1 . 88 t , comprising the following steps : 1 ) smelting and continuous casting to obtain a slab , wherein the content of n is controlled at 0 . 002 - 0 . 014 wt % in the smelting stage ; 2 ) hot - rolling ; 3 ) cold - rolling ; 4 ) decarbonizing and annealing ; 5 ) nitriding treatment , wherein infiltrated nitrogen content d is controlled to satisfy the formula : 328 β 0 . 14a β 0 . 85b β 2 . 33c β¦ d β¦ 362 β 0 . 16a β 0 . 94b β 2 . 57c , wherein a is the content of als in the smelting step , with the unit of ppm ; b is the content of n element , with the unit of ppm ; and c is primary grains size , with the unit of ΞΌm ; 6 ) coating a steel &# 39 ; s surfaces with a magnesium oxide layer and annealing ; and 7 ) applying an insulating coating . | 2Chemistry; Metallurgy
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an connection box includes a circuit board . the box includes a control board connected to the circuit board . the control board includes an insulation board . the box includes a radiative device mounted on the control board . the radiative device is spaced away from the insulation board . the radiative device includes a wire extending therefrom above the insulation board . | 7Electricity
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an electronic flash charging circuit for use with a camera having a power source common to a microcomputer that controls a plurality of camera functions and to an electronic flash . the charging circuit has a booster circuit for boosting a charging voltage with which a main capacitor of the electronic flash is charged and a controller that causes the booster circuit to operate intermittently , thereby intermittently charging the main capacitor . | 7Electricity
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methodology enabling a generation of fins having a variable fin pitch less than 40 nm , and the resulting device are disclosed . embodiments include : forming a hardmask on a substrate ; providing first and second mandrels on the hardmask ; providing a first spacer on each side of each of the first and second mandrels ; removing the first and second mandrels ; providing , after removal of the first and second mandrels , a second spacer on each side of each of the first spacers ; and removing the first spacers . | 7Electricity
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apparatus and method for handling articles , such as glass or ceramic plates , commonly referred to as masks , employed in the manufacture of semi - conductor devices . the masks are transported between two predetermined stations with a treating operation being performed thereon at an intermediate station . the subject apparatus utilizes a fluid bearing for removing a plurality of masks in sequence from an indexable carrier and for accurately positioning the masks in sequence relative to a vacuum transfer arm . the transfer arm positions the masks in a precisely oriented location on a rotatable vacuum chuck so that a predtermined operation may be formed thereon . another vacuum transfer arm then moves the treated masks in sequence from the vacuum chuck and places the same onto another fluid bearing for introduction thereby into another indexable carrier . specially designed vacuum transfer arms , and means for accurately positioning masks in sequence relative to an infeed transfer arm for precise positioning thereby on the vacuum chuck , are employed so that damage to the relatively fragile masks during transfer to and from , and spinning at , the treating station is obviated . | 7Electricity
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method for centralized monitoring of activity in a distributed processing system which permits a monitor to decipher the relative time sequence of events which occur in the distributed processing system . the method includes the step of generating information which can be used to decipher the relative time sequence of events , which information is appended to activity status messages , and the step of transmitting this information , along with the activity status messages , to the monitor . | 7Electricity
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the invention provides microfabricated devices and methods for directing the growth of a cell process to form an artificial synapse . the devices are called artificial synapse chips . the artificial synapse comprises a nanofabricated aperture that connects the cell process to a chemical or electrical means of neuronal excitation . such an aperture width mimics the length scales of a natural synapse and thus emphasizes the localized spatial relationship between a neuron and a stimulation source . the invention further provides devices and methods for regenerating a nerve fiber into an electrode . the invention thus provides a regeneration electrode that uses a novel neural interface for stimulation and that uses novel surface methods for directing neuronal growth making possible in vivo connection of the devices to neural circuitry in a retina and other anatomical locations . | 2Chemistry; Metallurgy
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the selective reduction of pentachloropyridine to 2 , 3 , 5 , 6 - tetrachloropyridine is achieved by contacting the pentachloropyridine as a solution in perchloroethylene or methylene chloride with zinc dust in a basic aqueous medium . | 2Chemistry; Metallurgy
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the present invention includes a method of determining a relative position of a substrate and a template spaced - apart therefrom , the substrate having substrate alignment marks disposed thereon and the template having template alignment marks disposed thereon , the method including , impinging first and second fluxes of light upon the substrate and template alignment marks , with the substrate and template alignment marks being responsive to the first flux of light defining a first response , and being responsive to the second flux of light defining a second response differing from the first response ; and processing the first and second responses to form a focused image of the substrate and template alignment marks on a common plane , with the focused image indicating the relative position of the substrate and the template . | 8General tagging of new or cross-sectional technology
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a miniature tree sculpture wherein the leaves for the miniature tree are seeds or seed hulls adhesively bonded to an imitation branch structure which in turn is connected to the miniature tree truck . seed hulls dyed different shades of green , red , orange and yellow provide a realistic miniature tree sculpture which is beautifully delicate , yet durable . | 0Human Necessities
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apparatus for providing mechanical feedback of a position of an actuator to a controller in a high vibration environment . the apparatus includes a member that contacts a cam surface of the actuator such that movement of the actuator and cam surface causes the member to move . the apparatus also includes a spring that exerts a force on the member toward the cam surface to maintain contact between the member and the cam surface . the apparatus also includes a damper that dampens motion of the member , thereby eliminating resonant movement of the spring and member caused by vibrations . | 5Mechanical Engineering; Lightning; Heating; Weapons; Blasting
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the present invention provides a method and apparatus for collecting diagnostic messages and collating them into correlated groups to be matched to specific calls , to identify and diagnose issues with those calls . | 7Electricity
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the invention describes a novel method for securing authentic client access to online confidential resources by means of a physical hard key / card device , which does not need a custom card reader , but uses the optical disc drive of any remote computer to conduct a highly secure online transaction on the internet such real online card key device can be read by an optical disc drive of a computer , without allowing any of the file viewing , copying and editing functions . such rock device can be used as a real world physical hard key for accessing secured networks and conducting secure online transactions . it can also be used as a fully functional versatile credit card with additional magnetic stripe and manual authentication methods available on the non - reflective surface of the optical disc based rock optical disc card of the present invention . | 6Physics
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a license number management system performs a login process according to first authentication or second authentication . the first authentication is performed for allowing usage of a service in both an online and offline status , and the second authentication is performed for allowing usage of the service only in the online status . in a case of authenticating a terminal according to the first authentication , license management information is updated to a used state when data needed for using the service is transmitted to the terminal , and the license management information is updated to a not used state when the data is received from the terminal . in a case of authenticating the terminal according to the second authentication , the license management information is updated to a used state when the terminal is successfully authenticated and the license management information is updated to a not used state when the terminal logs out . | 6Physics
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a linear actuator includes a housing formed of a first half shell and a second half shell and defining an accommodation chamber , a front opening in front of the accommodation chamber and a receiving chamber at the bottom side of the accommodation chamber , a driving mechanism having a push rod movably mounted in the accommodation chamber and extending out of the front opening , a motor mounted outside the accommodation chamber and a spindle coupled to and rotatable by the motor for causing the transmission shaft to reciprocate , and limit switches detachably mounted in the receiving chamber for stopping the motor upon movement of the transmission shaft to a front or rear limit position . | 8General tagging of new or cross-sectional technology
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a method for maintaining critical dimension during the etching of dielectrics , having the following steps : depositing a layer of photoresist over a layer of dielectric ; patterning the photoresist such that voids are formed in the photoresist , the voids having sidewalls and a bottom ; depositing an overlayer in an etch chamber ; transferring the patterning in the photoresist to the dielectric . | 7Electricity
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an alarm apparatus for use with a numerically controlled twisted pair wire wrap wiring machine that indicates to the operator the position and the wire of a pair that is to be wired . the apparatus is connected to the indicator lights of the machine and to the wiring gun to sense the gun placement on the pin . the proper conditions are logically combined , should a condition be changed as by placing a signal wire on a grounded pin an alarm is sounded . | 6Physics
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the present invention is directed to packages having a flexible top sheet sealed to a flexible embossed bottom sheet the flexible bottom sheet comprises a plurality of embossed peaks and valleys wherein each valley has a defined perimeter with a valley base integrally connected to a valley wall which thereby defines an individual liquid containment cell . the packages according to the present invention are heat resistant to allow food packaged therein to be cooked in a microwave oven such that a substantial amount of water and / or grease released by the food during the cooking process is captured beneath a food contact surface in a plurality of embossed individual liquid containment cells , in preferred embodiments , the package of the present invention is a microwavable form - fill - seal package or microwavable vacuum package for storing and cooking a precooked or cured food product with substantial water and / or fat content . | 1Performing Operations; Transporting
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a manufacture method is provided for forming a semiconductor device . the method includes : forming a plurality of gate electrodes through etching a conductive film deposited on a semiconductor substrate ; forming a first nitride film to cover the gate electrodes ; partially exposing the semiconductor substrate in a region between adjacent two of the gate electrodes through performing an etch - back process on the first nitride film ; thermally oxidizing a residual of the gate electrode film remaining in the region between the adjacent two of the gate electrodes to change the residual into an thermal oxide film ; and forming a contact in the region between the adjacent two of the gate electrodes . | 7Electricity
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a vehicle seat has seating components , such as a seat piece , a backrest and a leg - rest , which are adjustable as to their positions , particularly in their relative inclination , by at least one operating device . a monitoring device monitors all the boundary geometries of the moving seat components which may cause collisions and which have given spatial constraints . the monitoring device controls the operating devices at all points to guarantee a collision - free movement of all seat components within the spatial constraints . the vehicle seat considered as a total system can undergo adjustment processes without a damaging collision occurring . | 1Performing Operations; Transporting
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