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โ™ฆ . .ืžื‘ื•ื .ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ื”ืžืฉืจื“) ืื—ืจืื™ ืœืงื‘ื™ืขืช ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ื•ืœื™ื™ืฉื•ืžื”. ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ ืœื ืคื’ืขื™ ื ืคืฉ ื ื™ืชืŸ ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™ื™ื ื•ื‘ืžืจืคืื•ืช ืœื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื” ืฉืื•ืชื ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืžืคืขื™ืœ. ื’ื ืงื•ืคืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื "ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื›ืœืœื™ืช" (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ื›ืœืœื™ืช) ืžืคืขื™ืœื” ื‘ืชื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™ื™ื ืื—ื“ื™ื ื•ืžืจืคืื•ืช ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื”. ื‘ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ืช, "ืžื›ื‘ื™ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช" (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ืžื›ื‘ื™), "ืงื•ืคืช ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืžืื•ื—ื“ืช" (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ืžืื•ื—ื“ืช) ื•"ืงื•ืคืช ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ืช" (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ืœืื•ืžื™ืช) ื ื™ืชืŸ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืจื•ืคืื™ื ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™ื ื•ืคืกื™ื›ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื. ื–ื” ืฉื ื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ื‘ืขื•ืœื ืžืชื‘ืฆืขืช ืจืคื•ืจืžื” ืฉื‘ืžื”ืœื›ื” ืžืขื‘ื™ืจื™ื ืืช ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ืืœื” ืžื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืœืงื”ื™ืœื” ื•ืžืคืชื—ื™ื ืื•ืชื ื‘ื”. ื–ื• ื’ื ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื”ืจืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“. ืื ืฉื™ ืžืงืฆื•ืข ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืžืขืจื‘ื™ ื•ื’ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ (ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™ื, ืคืกื™ื›ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื, ืžืจืคืื™ื ื‘ืขื™ืกื•ืง ื•ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืกื•ืฆื™ืืœื™ื™ื) ืกื‘ื•ืจื™ื ืฉืžื•ื˜ื‘ ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืกื•ื‘ืœื™ื ืžืžื—ืœืช ื ืคืฉ ื™ืฉื•ืงืžื• ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื” ื•ืœื ื™ืื•ืฉืคื–ื•. ืœื“ืขืชื, ื”ืืฉืคื•ื– ื ืขืฉื” ืœืฉื ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืžื—ืœืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ื”ืืงื•ื˜ื™ ืฉืœื” ื•ืœื ืœืฉื ืžื’ื•ืจื™ื, ื•ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืžืฉื‘ืจ ื”ืื“ื ื”ื—ื•ืœื” ืืžื•ืจ ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ืœื—ื™ื™ื ืฉื’ืจืชื™ื™ื ื•ื ื•ืจืžื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื™ื ืžื”ืจ ื›ื›ืœ ื”ืืคืฉืจ. ืœื›ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืœืฉืื•ืฃ ืœืงืฆืจ ืืช ืžืฉืš ื”ืฉื”ื™ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื ื›ื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื•ืœื”ืจื—ื™ื‘ ืืช ื”ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื”. ื”ืฆืœื—ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืกื•ื‘ืœื™ื ืžืžื—ืœื•ืช ื ืคืฉ (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ื’ื ื ืคื’ืขื™ ื ืคืฉ ืื• ื ื›ื™ ื ืคืฉ 5 ) ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื” ืชืœื•ื™ื” ื‘ื›ืžื” ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืฉืœื•ื‘ื™ื ืืœื” ื‘ืืœื”, ื•ื‘ื”ื: ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื•ื”ืกืคืงื” ืฉืœ ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื”ืžืชืื™ืžื•ืช ืœืฆืจื›ื™ื ืฉืœ ื ืคื’ืขื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืžื’ื•ืจื™ื, ื”ืชืขืกื•ืงื”, ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื ื•ื”ืขื™ืกื•ืง ื‘ืฉืขื•ืช ื”ืคื ืื™ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ื ืœื”ืฉืชืœื‘ ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื” - ืืช ื”ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืืœื” ืจื•ื›ืฉ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ืคืจื˜ื™ื™ื, ืขืžื•ืชื•ืช ื•ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืฉื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืžืชืงืฉืจ ืขืžื (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ื™ื–ืžื™ื); ืžืชืŸ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ืžืจืคืื” ืžื™ื“ื™ื™ื ื‘ืขืช ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉืคืจ ืืช ืžืฆื‘ ื”ืžืฉืชืงื ื•ืœืืคืฉืจ ืœื• ืœื”ื—ืœื™ื ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื” ื•ื›ื“ื™ ืœืžื ื•ืข ื”ื™ื“ืจื“ืจื•ืช ื‘ืžืฆื‘ื• ืฉืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœืืฉืคื–ื•; ืคืขื•ืœ ื” ืœืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื”"ืกื˜ื™ื’ืžื”" ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืชืงืžื™ื ื‘ืงืจื‘ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื›ื“ื™ .__________________ .5 ""ื ื›ื™ ื ืคืฉ- ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืกื•ื‘ืœื™ื ืžืžื—ืœื•ืช ื ืคืฉ ื”ืžื•ื›ืจื™ื ื›ื ื›ื™ื ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ืžื™ ืฉื”ื•ืกืžืš ืœื›ืš ื‘ื—ื•ืง ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— , ื”ืชืฉื "ื”]ื ื•ืกื— ืžืฉื•ืœื‘[ ื”ืœืื•ืžื™- 1995 ., ืื• ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจ ืฉื”ืกืžื™ืš ืฉืจ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช 396 ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™57ื‘ .ืฉื”ืงื”ื™ืœื” ืœื ืชืขืจื™ื ืขืœื™ื”ื ืงืฉื™ื™ื ื•ืชืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ื ืœื’ื•ืจ ื‘ืงืจื‘ื” ื•ืœื”ื™ืงืœื˜ ื‘ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื ื•ืจืžื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”, ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื ื•ืคื ืื™. ื ื•ืกืฃ ืขืœ ื”ื™ืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื, ืื ืฉื™ ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืข ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ืžื•ืฆืื™ื ื’ื ื™ืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื™ื ื‘ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื”ืจืคื•ืื” ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช. ืœืคื™ ื ืชื•ื ื™ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ, ืขืœื•ืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื”ืžืžื•ืฆืขืช ืฉืœ ืืฉืคื•ื– ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™ ื”ื™ื ื›- 250,000 ืฉ"ื— ื‘ืฉื ื”, ื•ืื™ืœื• ืขืœื•ืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื”ืžืžื•ืฆืขืช ื‘ืžืฉืชืงื ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื” ื”ื™ื ื› - 30,000 ืฉ"ื— ื‘ืฉื ื”. ืขืœื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืชืจื•ืคืชื™ ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ืงื”ื™ืœืชื™ืช ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื ืžื•ื›ื” ืืฃ ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื•ืžื›ืืŸ ืฉืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ื›ื“ืื™ ืœืคืชื— ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืจื‘ื•ืช ื›ื›ืœ ื”ืืคืฉืจ ืฉืชืืคืฉืจื ื” ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืœื›ืœ ืžื™ ืฉืžืชืื™ื ืœื›ืš. ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช ืคืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ื‘ื›ืžื” ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื: ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืฆืžืฆื ืืช ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืžื™ื˜ื•ืช ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™ื™ื ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžื› - 6,800 ืžื™ื˜ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื ืช 1988 ืœื›- 3,150 ืžื™ื˜ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื ืช 2006 (ื”ืจืคื•ืจืžื” ื”ืžื‘ื ื™ืช); ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื” ื”ื•ื›ื ื• ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืœื› - 12,000 ืž- 54,000 ื ื›ื™ ื ืคืฉ ืฉื”ืžื•ืกื“ ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืœืื•ืžื™ ื”ื›ื™ืจ ื‘ื”ื6 (ื”ืจืคื•ืจืžื” ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ืžื™ืช); ื–ื” ืฉื ื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช ื ืขืฉื•ืช ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืฉื ื•ืขื“ื• ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืœืžืชืŸ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™ื™ื (ืœื”ืœืŸ ื’ื - ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื—ื™ืช) ืžื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื (ื”ืจืคื•ืจืžื” ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื—ื™ืช). ื‘ืฉื ืช 1998 ื‘ื“ืง ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืืช ื ื•ืฉื ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื ื›ื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื”, ื•ืžืžืฆืื™ ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืคื•ืจืกืžื• ื‘ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™ 49 ืฉืœ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ( 1999 ') ืขืž135 (ืœื”ืœืŸ- ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื”). ื‘ืฉื ืช 2001 ืขืฉื” ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืžืขืงื‘ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื, ื•ืžืžืฆืื™ ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืคื•ืจืกืžื• ื‘ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™ 52 ื‘ ืฉืœ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ( 2002 '), ืขืž212 (ืœื”ืœืŸ- ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื”ืžืขืงื‘). ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืืคืจื™ืœ - ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 2006 ืฉื‘ ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื•ื‘ื“ืง ืืช ื ื•ืฉื ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื ื›ื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื”. ื ื‘ื“ืงื• ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื”ืืœื”: ื”ื”ื™ืขืจื›ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื•ืฉืœ ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืœื™ื™ืฉื•ื ื”ืจืคื•ืจืžื” ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื ื›ื™ ื ืคืฉ ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื”; ื”ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื—ื™ืช ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ืžื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื; ื”ืคืกืงืช ืžืชืŸ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืจืคืืชื™ ื‘ืงื•ืคืช ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ืช; ืืจื’ื•ืŸ, ื›ืกืคื™ื ื•ื‘ืงืจื” ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืžื™ื–ืžื™ื. ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื ืขืฉืชื” ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ื•ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ืฉื‘ืžืฉืจื“ (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช), ื•ื‘ืืจื‘ืข ืœืฉื›ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™ื ืžื—ื•ื–ื™ื™ื (ื‘ืœืฉื›ื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืžื—ื•ื–ื™ื•ืช ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘, ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื, ื“ืจื•ื ื•ืžืจื›ื–) ื•ื‘ืžื•ืขืฆื” ื”ืืจืฆื™ืช ืœืฉื™ืงื•ื ื ื›ื™ ื ืคืฉ ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื”. ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจื™ื ื ืขืฉื• ื’ื ื‘ื›ืœืœื™ืช, ื‘ืžื›ื‘ื™, ื‘ืžืื•ื—ื“ืช, ื‘ืœืื•ืžื™ืช, ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื•ื‘ืžื•ืกื“ ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืœืื•ืžื™. .ื”ื™ืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื™ื™ืฉื•ื ื—ื•ืง ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื ื›ื™ ื ืคืฉ ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื” .ื‘ื™ื ื•ืืจ 2001 ื ื›ื ืก ืœืชื•ืงืฃ ื—ื•ืง ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื ื›ื™ ื ืคืฉ ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื”, ื”ืชืฉ"ืก - 2000 (ืœื”ืœืŸ- ื—ื•ืง ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื). ืžื˜ืจืช ื”ื—ื•ืง ื”ื™ื "ืœืฉืงื•ื“ ืขืœ ืฉื™ืงื•ืžื ื•ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ื ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื” ืฉืœ ื ื›ื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ื ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ื“ืจื’ื” ืžืจื‘ื™ืช ืืคืฉืจื™ืช ืฉืœ ืขืฆืžืื•ืช ืชืคืงื•ื“ื™ืช ื•ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ื, ืชื•ืš ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ื ื‘ืจื•ื— ื—ื•ืง-ื™ืกื•ื“: ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ืื“ื ื•ื—ื™ืจื• ืชื•". ื”ื–ื›ืื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืœืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืชืขืกื•ืงื”, ื“ื™ื•ืจ, ื”ืฉืœืžืช ื”ืฉื›ืœื”, ื—ื‘ืจื” ื•ืคื ืื™, ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืฉื™ื ื™ื™ื ื•ืชื™ืื•ื ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ, ื›ืžืคื•ืจื˜ ื‘ืชื•ืกืคืช ืœื—ื•ืง. ื”ื—ื•ืง ื ื•ืขื“ ืœืืคืฉืจ ืœื—ื•ืœื™ื ืฉื”ื•ื—ื–ืงื• ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™ื™ื ืœืœื ืฆื•ืจืš ืจืคื•ืื™ ืฉืœ ืžืžืฉ .__________________ .6 ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืขืจื›ื” ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ ืžืงืฆื•ืข, ื™ืฉ ืขื•ื“ ื› - 30,000 ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืกื•ื‘ืœื™ื ืžืžื—ืœื•ืช ื ืคืฉ ืฉื–ื›ืื™ื ืœืคื ื•ืช ืœื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื. ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช 397 . (ืžืื—ืจ ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื” ืืคืฉืจ ืœืฉืงืžื ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื) ืœื”ืฉืชืงืื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื”, ื•ืœืืคืฉืจ ื’ื ืœื—ื•ืœื™ื ืฉื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื”, ื‘ื”ืฉื’ื—ืช ื‘ื ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ืชื ืื• ื‘ืœื™ ื”ืฉื’ื—ื”, ืœื”ืฉืชืงื. ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื ื—ืงืง ื—ื•ืง ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื•ื”ื•ืงืฆื• ืœื• ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ื, ื™ื–ืžื• ื•ืคื™ืชื—ื• ืžืžื•ื ื” ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื7 ื•ืขื•ื–ืจื™ื• ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ื“ื™ื•ืจ, ื”ืชืขืกื•ืงื” ื•ื”ืคื ืื™. ื”ื ืงื‘ืขื• ื ื”ืœื™ื ื•ื”ืชืงืฉืจื• ืขื ื™ื–ืžื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื• ืžื•ื›ื ื™ื ืœืกืคืง ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื™ื ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ื•ื”ื“ืจื™ืฉื•ืช ืฉื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืงื‘ืข. ื”ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืฅ ืฉืœ ื ื›ื™ ื ืคืฉ ื‘ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื ืขืฉื” ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืื–ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ื‘ืœืฉื›ื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืื™ืฉืจื• ืœื”ื ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื. ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืฉืขืฉื” ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขืœืชื” ืฉืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœื ื ืขืจืš ื›ืจืื•ื™ ืœื™ื™ืฉื ืืช ื—ื•ืง ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื•ืœื ื”ืงื™ื ืืช ื”ืžื ื’ื ื•ื ื™ื ื”ื“ืจื•ืฉื™ื ืœื”ืคืขืœืชื• ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื—ื•ืง. ืœื”ืœืŸ ืžื•ื‘ืื™ื ื”ืžืžืฆืื™ื: ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื‘ื”ืจื›ื‘ ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื”ืื–ื•ืจื™ื•ืช 8: ืขืœ ืคื™ ื—ื•ืง ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื, ื‘ื•ื•ืขื“ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืื–ื•ืจื™ืช ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื—ื‘ืจื™ื. ืœืคื—ื•ืช ืฉื ื™ื™ื ืžื”ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืขืกื•ืง ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ืขื™ืกื•ืง ืฉื•ื ื™ื. ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืชื‘ืจืจ ืฉื‘ื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื”ื™ื• ืืžื ื ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื ืžืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ืืš ื‘ื”ืจื›ื‘ื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ืžื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื™ืฉ ืœืขืชื™ื ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื. ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื”: ื›ืืฉืจ ืžื˜ืคืœ ื‘ืžืฉืชืงื ืžืฉืชืชืฃ ื‘ื•ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื, ื”ื•ื ืœื ืชืžื™ื“ ืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื”ืžื˜ื•ืคืœ ื™ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืœืžืกื’ืจืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื; ื›ืืฉืจ ื‘ื•ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืžืฉืชืชืคื™ื ืžืžื•ื ื” ื•ื›ืคื™ืฃ, ื™ืฉ ื—ืฉืฉ ืฉื”ื›ืคื™ืฃ ืœื ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืชื‘ื˜ื ื‘ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ื•ืช ืื ื™ื“ื•ืข ืœื• ืžืจืืฉ ืฉื”ืžืžื•ื ื” ืขืœื™ื• ืื™ื ื• ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ื›ืžื•ื”ื•. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขื™ืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืฉืขืœื™ื• ืœื”ืงืคื™ื“ ืฉืจื•ื‘ ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ื“ื ื•ืช ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ื ื• ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืœื” ืžืกื•ื™ื ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื• ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ืžื˜ืคืœ ื‘ื—ื•ืœื” ื•ืฉืžืžื•ื ื” ื•ื›ืคื™ืฃ ืœื ื™ื›ื”ื ื• ื‘ืื•ืชื” ื•ืขื“ื”. ืขื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื: ื”ื—ื•ืง ืงื•ื‘ืข ืฉืขืœ ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืœืขื™ื™ืŸ ืžื“ื™ ืฉื™ืฉื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ื‘ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืฉื ืงื‘ืขื” ืœื ื›ื” ื”ื ืคืฉ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืื ื”ื™ื ืื›ืŸ ืžืชืื™ืžื” ืœื•. ืื•ืœื ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืฉืขืฉื” ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขืœืชื”, ืฉื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื›ืœืœ ืื™ื ืŸ ืžืขื™ื™ื ื•ืช ื‘ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืžื“ื™ ืฉื™ืฉื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื, ื›ื ื“ืจืฉ ื‘ื—ื•ืง. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขื™ืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืฉื›ืืฉืจ ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืื™ื ืŸ ืžืขื™ื™ื ื•ืช ื‘ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืฉืœ ื ื›ื” ื”ื ืคืฉ, ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืขืœื•ืœ ืœื”ื—ื˜ื™ื ืืช ืžื˜ืจืชื•. ืžืชืืžื™ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ: ื”ื—ื•ืง ืงื•ื‘ืข ื›ื™ "ื™ืžื•ื ื” ืžืชืื ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืื—ืจืื™ ืœื™ื™ืฉื•ื ื•ืชื™ืื•ื ืžืชืŸ ื›ืœ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ื ื™ืชื ื™ื ืœื ื›ื” ื ืคืฉ". .__________________ .7 ื‘ืฉื ืช 1993 ื”ื—ืœ ืžืžื•ื ื” ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื” ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืœื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ืฉื‘ืžืฉืจื“. ืžืื– ื ื•ืกืคื• ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื›ืžื” ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื”ืืžื•ืจื™ื ืœืกื™ื™ืข ืœืžืžื•ื ื” ืœื˜ืคืœ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื. 8 ื™ืฉ ืชืฉืข ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืื–ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ื”ืคื•ืขืœื•ืช ื‘ืœืฉื›ื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืžื—ื•ื–ื™ื•ืช. 398 ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™57ื‘ .ืœืคื™ ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืžืกืคืจ ืžืชืืžื™ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืื™ื ื• ืžืกืคื™ืง ืœืฉื™ื‘ื•ืฅ ื”ืžืฉืชืงืžื™ื ื‘ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื (ืจืื• ืœื”ืœืŸ ืขืœ ื ื™ืฆื•ืœ ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืฉืื•ืฉืจื•). ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืขืจืจ : ื”ื—ื•ืง ืงื•ื‘ืข ื›ื™ ื‘ื”ืชืงื™ื™ื ื”ืชื ืื™ื ื”ืžืคื•ืจื˜ื™ื ื‘ื• ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื’ื™ืฉ ืขืจืจ ืขืœ ื”ื—ืœื˜ืช ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื”ืื–ื•ืจื™ืช ืœื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืขืจืจ ืžื—ื•ื–ื™ื•ืช ืืฉืจ ืชื•ืงืžื ื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืฉืจ. ื”ื—ื•ืง ืงื•ื‘ืข ืืช ื”ืจื›ื‘ ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืขืจืจ, ื•ืœืคื™ื•, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ, ื™ื•"ืจ ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืขืจืจ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืื“ื ื”ื›ืฉื™ืจ ืœื”ืชืžื ื•ืช ืฉื•ืคื˜ ืฉืœื•ื ื•ื”ื•ื ื™ื™ื‘ื—ืจ ืžืจืฉื™ืžื” ืฉื”ื›ื™ืŸ ืฉืจ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื. ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉื‘ืฉื ื™ื 2001 -2006 ืคื ื” ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœืฉืจื™ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื (ืžืื™ืจ ืฉื˜ืจื™ืช ื•ืฆื™ืคื™ ืœื™ื‘ื ื™) ื•ืœืขื•ื–ืจื™ื”ื ื›ืžื” ื•ื›ืžื” ืคืขืžื™ื ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื–ื”, ืคื ื™ื•ืชื™ื• ืœื ื ืขื ื•, ื•ืขื“ ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืœื ื”ื•ืงืžื•. ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขื™ืจ ืœืฉืจื™ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ื›ื™ ื‘ื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืขืจืจ ืœืขืชื™ื ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ืชืื™ื ืœื–ื›ืื™ื ืœืฉื™ืงื•ื ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืฉืžืชืื™ืžื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืืœื• ืฉื ืงื‘ืขื• ืœื”ื. ืžื™ื ื•ื™ ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™ื: ื”ื—ื•ืง ืงื•ื‘ืข ื›ื™ ืจืง ืžื™ ืฉื ื›ื•ืชื• ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ืช ื‘ืฉืœ ื”ืคืจืขื” ื ืคืฉื™ืช ื”ื™ื ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืฉืœ 40% ืœืคื—ื•ืช ื–ื›ืื™ ืœืฉื™ืงื•ื. ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ืื—ื•ื–ื™ ื”ื ื›ื•ืช ืชืขืฉื” ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ืžื™ ืฉื”ื•ืกืžืš ืœื›ืš ื‘ื—, ื”ืชืฉื "ื” ]ื ื•ืกื— ืžืฉื•ืœื‘ [ ื•ืง ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ - 1995 , ืื• ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจ ืฉื”ืกืžื™ืš ืฉืจ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช. ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืชื‘ืจืจ ืฉืฉืจ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœื ื”ืกืžื™ืš ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™ื ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื ื›ื•ืช ื‘ืฉืœ ื”ืคืจืขื” ื ืคืฉื™ืช. ืžืฉื•ื ื›ืš ื—ืœืง ืžื ืคื’ืขื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ (ืืœื” ืฉืื™ื ื ืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืœืคื ื•ืช ืœืžื•ืกื“ ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืœืื•ืžื™) ืื™ื ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืฆื˜ืจืฃ ืœืชื›ื ื™ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื. ืชืงื ื•ืช : ื—ื•ืง ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืžืืคืฉืจ ืœืฉืจ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœื”ืชืงื™ืŸ ืชืงื ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื• ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื•ืง. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขืœื” ืฉื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช 2004 ื“ื ื” ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืœืฉื™ืงื•ื ื‘ื”ืชืงื ืช ืชืงื ื•ืช ื‘ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื: ืชืขืกื•ืงื” ืฉื™ืงื•ืžื™ืช, ื”ื—ื–ืจื™ ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ื ืกื™ืขื” ื•ื”ืฉืชืชืคื•ืช ื›ืกืคื™ืช ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ ืฉื™ื ื™ื™ื. ืขื“ ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื‘ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 2006 ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื ื”ืชืงื™ืŸ ืชืงื ื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืืœื” (ืขืœ ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืœืฉื™ืงื•ื ืจืื• ืœื”ืœืŸ). ืžื—ืงืจื™ื: ื‘ื—ื•ืง ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื ื“ืจืฉืช ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืœืฉื™ืงื•ื, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืืจ, "ืœื™ื–ื•ื ืžื—ืงืจื™ื ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ ืฉื™ืงื•ื". ืœืคื™ ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืฉืขืฉื” ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืœืฉื™ืงื•ื ื”ื’ื™ืฉื” ื‘ืฉื ื™ื 2004 -2005 ืœื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืจืฉ ื™ืžืช ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืœืžื—ืงืจ, ื ืขืฉื• ืจืง ืžื—ืงืจื™ื ืžื•ืขื˜ื™ื. ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืงื‘ืขื” ื™ื•"ืจ ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” (ื‘ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 2005 ) ื›ื™ "ืœืžืจื•ืช ื”ืขืฉื™ื™ื” ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ืžื™ืช ื”ืจื‘ื” ืฉื ืขืฉืชื” ื‘ืืจืฅ ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ, ื”ืžื—ืงืจ ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ืžื•ืขื˜, ืกืคื•ืจื“ื™ ื•ืจื—ื•ืง ืžืœืชืขื“, ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ื•ืœืœื•ื•ืช ืขืฉื™ื™ื” ื–ื•". ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื”ืฉื™ื‘ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” (ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 2006 ) ื›ื™ "ืงืฉื” ืœื“ืขืช ื›ื™ื•ื ื”ืื ื—ื•ืง ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื ื›ื™ ื ืคืฉ ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื” ืื›ืŸ ืžื‘ื™ื ืœ'ืฉื™ืงื•ืžื' ืฉืœ ื ื›ื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ. ืžืื– ื—ืงื™ืงืช ื”ื—ื•ืง ื•ืขื“ ื”ื™ื•ื ืœื ื ืงื‘ืขื• ื™ืขื“ื™ื ืžื“ื™ื“ื™ื ืฉื™ื‘ื—ื ื• ืืช ืžื™ื“ืช ื”ืงื™ื“ื•ื ืฉืœ ื ื›ื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ ืžืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื•ืช ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื”ื•ืกื˜ืœื™ื ืžืชื•ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ืœืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช ืงืœื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืžื•ืขื“ื•ื ื™ ืชืขืกื•ืงื”". ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช 399 ..ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœืขืฉื™ื™ืช ืžื—ืงืจื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ื ื•ืคืฉื•ื ื™ื: ื—ื•ืง ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืงื•ื‘ืข, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ, ืฉื™ื™ื ืชืŸ "ืกื™ื•ืข ื‘ื”ืคื ื™ื” ื•ื‘ืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืฉื”ื™ื™ื” ืงืฆืจืช ืžื•ืขื“ ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ืžื’ื•ืจื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ืช ืžื•ื’ื ืช ื‘ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื ื›ื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ืขื ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืชื™ื”ื" (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ื ื•ืคืฉื•ื ื™ื). ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ืขื“ ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืœื ื™ืฆื ืฉื•ื ื ื›ื” ื ืคืฉ ืœื ื•ืคืฉื•ืŸ ื‘ื”ืคื ื™ื™ื” ื•ื‘ืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“. ืžืžื•ื ื” ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืžืกืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืฉื‘ืขื‘ืจ ื ืขืฉื” ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืœืฉืœื•ื— ื ื›ื™ ื ืคืฉ ืœื ื•ืคืฉื•ื ื™ื, ืืš ื”ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืœื ืฆืœื— ื‘ืฉืœ ืื™-ื”ื™ืขื ื•ืช. ืžืื—ืจ ืฉื”ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื ื›ื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ ื ื•ืฉืื•ืช ื‘ืขื•ืœ ื”ื“ืื’ื” ื”ื™ื•ื-ื™ื•ืžื™ืช ืœื”ื ื•ืžืื—ืจ ืฉืžืกืคืจ ื”ืžืฉืชืงืžื™ื ื’ื“ืœ ื•ื”ื•ืœืš, ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืžืœื™ืฅ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœื”ืฆื™ืข ืœืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ืฉื•ื‘ ื ื•ืคืฉื•ื ื™ื. ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ืฉื™ืงื•ื 1. ืœืคื™ ื ืชื•ื ื™ ื”ืžื•ืกื“ ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืœืื•ืžื™, ื‘ื™ื•ืœื™ 2006 ื”ื›ื™ืจ ื”ืžื•ืกื“ ื‘- 54,254 ืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื ื™ 18-65 ื”ืกื•ื‘ืœื™ื ืžืžื—ืœื•ืช ื ืคืฉ ื›ื ื›ื™ื ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ 40% ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ. ืœื“ืขืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช, ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืฉืจื•ื‘ื ื–ืงื•ืงื™ื ืœืฉื™ืงื•ื. ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืขืจื›ื” ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ ืžืงืฆื•ืข, ื™ืฉ ืขื•ื“ ื›- 30,000 ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืกื•ื‘ืœื™ื ืžืžื—ืœื•ืช ื ืคืฉ ืืฉืจ ื–ื›ืื™ื ืœืคื ื•ืช ืœื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื, ื•ื‘ื”ื ื›ืืœื” ืฉืื™ื ื ืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืœืคื ื•ืช ืœืžื•ืกื“ ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ ืขืงื‘ ื”ืกื˜ื™ื’ืžื” ื”ื›ืจื•ื›ื” ื‘ื›ืš. ื™ืฉ ื’ื ื ื›ื™ ื ืคืฉ ื”ืกื•ื‘ืœื™ื ืžื ื›ื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคืช ืฉื‘ืขื‘ื•ืจื” ื”ื ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืืช ืงืฆื‘ืช ื”ื ื›ื•ืช, ื•ื™ืฉ ืื—ืจื™ื ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืงืฆื‘ืช ื ื›ื•ืช, ืืš ื›ืฉืžืœืื• ืœื”ื 67 ื”ื—ืœื• ืœืงื‘ืœ ืงืฆื‘ืช ื–ืงื ื”, ื•ืžืฉื•ื ื›ืš ื ื’ืจืขื• ืžืจืฉื™ืžืช ื ื›ื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ. ื™ืฉ ืœืฉืื•ืฃ ืฉืžืจื‘ ื”ื–ื›ืื™ื ืœืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื™ืงื‘ืœื• ืื•ืชื ื•ื™ื ืฆืœื• ืื•ืชื. ืื•ืœื ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืฉืขืฉื” ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขืœืชื” ืฉืขื“ ืžืจืก 2006 , ื›ื—ืžืฉ ืฉื ื™ื ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื—ื•ืง ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื ื›ื ืก ืœืชื•ืงืฃ, ื”ื•ืคื ื• ืœื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืจืง ื›- 17,500 ื ื›ื™ ื ืคืฉ. ืขืœ ืคื™ ื ืชื•ื ื™ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช, ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืจืง ื›- 12,200 ืื™ืฉ (ืฉื”ื 14%-22% ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืžืŸ ื”ื–ื›ืื™ื) ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื: ื›- 6,350 ื ื›ื™ ื ืคืฉ ืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื“ื™ื•ืจ; ื›- 6,140 ืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ืชืขืกื•ืงื”; ื›- 1,300 ืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื—ื•ื ื›ื•ืช; ื›- 3,860 ื”ืฉืชืชืคื• ื‘ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื‘ืžื•ืขื“ื•ื ื™ื ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ ื. ืžื›ืืŸ, ืฉืจืง ื ื›ื™ ื ืคืฉ ืžืขื˜ื™ื ื”ืžืชื’ื•ืจืจื™ื ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื” ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื‘ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื9 . ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืžื“ื•ืข ืจืง ื—ืœืง ืงื˜ืŸ ืžื›ืœืœ ื ื›ื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื•ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœื”ื’ื“ืœืชื•. .__________________ .9 ื—ื•ืง ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืื™ื ื• ืคื•ืชืจ ืืช ื‘ืขื™ื™ืช ื—ื•ืœื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ ืฉืœื ื”ื•ื›ืจื• ื›ื‘ืขืœื™ ื ื›ื•ืช ืฉืœ40% ืœืคื—ื•ืช ืืฉืจ ืขืงื‘ ืžื—ืœืชื ืื™ื ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืชืคืงื“ ื›ืจืื•ื™. ื’ื ืœืงื˜ื™ื ื™ื ืฉืขื•ื“ ืœื ืžืœืื• ืœื”ื 18 ืื™ืŸ ื”ื—ื•ืง ื ื•ืชืŸ ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ืฉื™ืงื•ืžื™. 400 ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™57ื‘ .2. ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืฉืขืฉื” ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขืœืชื” ืฉืขืœ ืคื™ ื ืชื•ื ื™ ื”ืžืฉืจื“, ื ื›ื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ ืฉื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื”ืื–ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ืื™ืฉืจื• ืœื”ื ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื ื™ืฆืœื• ืจืง ื›ืžื—ืฆื™ืช ืžืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืฉืื•ืฉืจื• ืœื”ื. ื›ืš ืœืžืฉืœ, ื‘ืฉื ืช 2005 ื”ื™ื” ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืžื™ืžื•ืฉ ืฉืœ ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืจืง 54.5% : ื‘ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ืชื™ืื•ื ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ, ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ืกืžืš ื•ื—ื•ื ื›ื•ืช ืื—ื•ื– ื”ืžื™ืžื•ืฉ ื”ื™ื” 32.1 ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ื‘ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจื” ื•ืคื ืื™- 47, ื‘ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืขืกื•ืงื” - 66.8 , ื•ื‘ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ื“ื™ื•ืจ- 70.2 . ื™ืฆื•ื™ืŸ ืฉืื—ื•ื–ื™ ื”ื ื™ืฆื•ืœ ืฉืœ ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื”ื™ื• ื ืžื•ื›ื™ื ืขื•ื“ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ืฉืขื‘ืจื•. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื™ืฉ ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืžื“ื•ืข ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ื ื™ืฆื•ืœ ืฉืœ ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื ืžื•ืš, ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืขื™ื“ ืขืœ ื›ืฉืœ ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ ื‘ืžืขืจืš ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื. ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ื”ืืจืฆื™ืช ืœืฉื™ืงื•ื ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ื”ืืจืฆื™ืช ืœืฉื™ืงื•ื ื”ื•ืงืžื” ื‘ืฉื ืช 2001 ืขืœ ืคื™ ื—ื•ืง ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื. ื”ื—ื•ืง ื™ื™ืขื“ ืœืžื•ืขืฆื” ืชืคืงื™ื“ ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืฉืœ ื ื›ื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืงื‘ืข ืฉื”ื™ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื™ื™ืขืฅ ืœืฉืจ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื‘ื”ืชื•ื•ื™ื™ืช ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืืจืฆื™ืช ืจื‘ -ืฉื ืชื™ืช, ื‘ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื” ื•ื‘ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืื™ื›ื•ืชื, ื‘ืคื™ืชื•ื— ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื—ื™ื  ื•ืš ื•ื”ืกื‘ืจื” ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื”, ื‘ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืกืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื•ื‘ื™ื™ื–ื•ื ืžื—ืงืจื™ื ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ ืฉื™ืงื•ื. ื•ืื›ืŸ, ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืžืžืœืืช ืืช ื”ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื ืฉืงื‘ืข ืœื” ื”ื—ื•ืง, ื•ื™ื•"ืจ ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืฉื•ืœื—ืช ืืช ืกื™ื›ื•ืžื™ ื”ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื•ืืช ื”ื”ืžืœืฆื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืœืฉืจ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช, ืœืžื ื›"ืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ืœืื—ืจื™ื. ื‘ืขื‘ืจ, ืขื“ ืชื—ื™ืœืช 2003 (ื›ืฉื”ืฉืจ ื”ื™ื” ื ืกื™ืื“ื”ืŸ), ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืจืืฉ ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืฉื•ืชืคื” ืœื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื. ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ืฉื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืœื ืฉื•ืชืคื” ื‘ื“ื™ื•ื ื™ื ื•ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืžื™ ื”ืฉืจื™ื ื“ื ื™ ื ื•ื”, ื™ืขืงื‘ ืื“ืจื™ ื•ื™ืขืงื‘ ื‘ืŸ ื™ื–ืจื™ ื‘ืฉื ื™ื 2003 -2006 . ืขื•ื“ ื”ืชื‘ืจืจ ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื ืœื ื”ืชื‘ืงืฉื” ืœื—ื•ื•ืช ืืช ื“ืขืชื” ืืฃ ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื”ื™ืขื“ื™ื ืฉืœ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื, ื”ืจืคื•ืจืžื” ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ื•ื™ื™ืฉื•ืžื” ื•ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื”ื ื•ื’ืขื™ื ืœืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื. ื‘- 6.9.06 ,ื”ื’ื™ืฉื” ื™ื•"ืจ ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืืช ื”ืชืคื˜ืจื•ืชื” ืœืฉืจ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช. ื‘ืžื›ืชื‘ ื”ื”ืชืคื˜ืจื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืฆื™ื™ื ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ, ืฉ"ื‘ืฉื ื” ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื”" ื”ื™ื” ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื” ื ืชื•ืŸ ื‘ืžืฉื‘ืจ ืขืžื•ืง, ื•ื‘ืฉืœ "ื”ื ื™ืชื•ืง" ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืจ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœืžื•ืขืฆื”, ื—ื™ืœื•ืงื™ ื”ื“ืขื•ืช ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื ื•ื›ื•' "ืื™ื ื ื™ ืจื•ืื” ืขืฆืžื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ื•ืœืžืœื ืืช ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ ื›ืžื•ื’ื“ืจ ื‘ื—ื•ืง". ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื• ืžื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 2006 ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื›ื™ "ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ื”ื•ื ืชืคืงื™ื“ ืžื™ื™ืขืฅ ื‘ืœื‘ื“. ืจืื•ื™ ืœืขืจื‘ื” ื•ืœืฉืชืคื” ื‘ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ืื‘ืœ ืœื ืชืžื™ื“ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื ื“ืจืฉ ืื• ืืคืฉืจื™"; ื”ืฉืจ ืœืฉืขื‘ืจ ืžืจ ื“ื ื™ ื ื•ื” ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื• ืžื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 2006 ืฉื”ืžืœืฆื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ื•ืกื™ื›ื•ืžื™ื” ื”ื•ื‘ืื• ื‘ืคื ื™ื•, ื•ื”ื•ื ื‘ื—ืŸ ืื•ืชื "ื‘ืชืฉื•ืžืช ืœื‘ ื•ื‘ื›ื•ื‘ื“ ืจืืฉ. ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ืขืœ ื”ืคืจืง ื•ื”ื•ื‘ืื• ื‘ืžื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืขืช ื”ื“ื™ื•ื ื™ื ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื”ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ื™ื ื•ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช"; ื”ืฉืจ ืœืฉืขื‘ืจ ืžืจ ื™ืขืงื‘ ืื“ืจื™ ืžืกืจ ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื• ืžืื•ืชื• ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื›ื™ ื ื•ื›ื— ืชืงื•ืคืช ื›ื”ื•ื ืชื• ื”ืง ืฆืจื” ื›ืฉืจ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช (ื›ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื•ื—ืฆื™ ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื) "ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืกื™ืคืง ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ืœืงื™ื™ื ื“ื™ื•ื ื™ื ืขื ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืœืฉื™ืงื•ื". ื™ืฆื•ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ื•ืžื” 10 ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ืขื™ืจ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ, ืขืœ ื›ืš, ืฉ"ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ืงื‘ืœืช ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ืžื™ื•ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช ืฉืื™ื ืŸ ืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช ืืฆืœ ืื“ื ืื—ื“ ืžื•ืžืœืฅ ืœื”ื™ืฉืขืŸ ืขืœ ื’ื•ืฃ... ]ื”[ ...ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช .__________________ .10 ืจืื•ื‘ื“ื•ื— ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืฉืœ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืœืื•ืžื™ (ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 2006 '), ื‘ืขืž 28 ,29 , 51 ,67. ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช 401 .ืฉื ื•ืขื“ ืœืชืžื•ืš ื‘ืช ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืขื•ืœื” ืžืŸ ื”ื—ื•ืง... ]ืœืคืขื•ืœ[ ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช... ืžืŸ ื”ืจืื•ื™ ืœื ื‘ื ื›ืœืœ ืœื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ืžืžืฉื™ ื‘ื—ื™ื™ ื”ืžืขืฉื”... ืจืื•ื™ ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื‘ื“ื—ื™ืคื•ืช ]ื”ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื›ื’ื•ืจื ืžื™ื™ืขืฅ[ "ื•ื‘ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ื•ืช ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ืฉืœ ืงื™ื•ื ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ืžื˜ื” ืกื“ื•ืจื” ืœืฆื•ืจืš ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช. ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืฉืžืŸ ื”ืจืื•ื™ ืœื”ื’ื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ืฉื™ืชื•ืคื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืœืฉื™ืงื•ื ื‘ื”ืชื•ื•ื™ื™ืช ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื”ืืจืฆื™ืช ื•ื‘ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื›ืคื™ ืฉืขื•ืœื” ืžืŸ ื”ื—ื•ืง. ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™ื™ื ืžืจืคืืชื™ื™ื ื”ืฆืœื—ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืฉืœ ื ื›ื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ ืชืœื•ื™ื” ื‘ื›ืžื” ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืฉืœื•ื‘ื™ื ืืœื” ื‘ืืœื”, ื•ื‘ื”ื ืžืชืŸ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ืžืจืคืื” ืžื™ื“ื™ื™ื ื‘ืขืช ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ื•ืžืชืŸ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื—ื™ืจื•ื ื‘ืขืช ืžืฉื‘ืจ. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ื“ืง ื›ืžื” ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ืฉืœื”ื. ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื ื™ืชื ื™ื ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื‘ื›-60 ืžืจืคืื•ืช ื™ื™ืขื•ื“ื™ื•ืช ืฉืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืžืคืขื™ืœ ื™ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื‘ -13 ืžืจืคืื•ืช ื™ื™ืขื•ื“ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช ื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ืฉืžื›ื‘ื™ ื•ืžืื•ื—ื“ืช ืžืกืคืงื•ืช (ื›ืืžื•ืจ, ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื”ืคืกื™ืงื” ืœืชืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ืžืจืคืื” ื‘ืฉื ืช 2004 - ืจืื• ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš) ื•ื‘ืžืจืคืื•ืช ืคืจื˜ื™ื•ืช. ื–ืžื ื™ ื”ืžืชื ื”: ื›ืฉืื“ื ื–ืงื•ืง ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื ืคืฉื™ ืจืฆื•ื™ ืœื˜ืคืœ ื‘ื• ืžื”ืจ ื›ื›ืœ ื”ืืคืฉืจ. ื›ืš ืืคืฉืจ ืœืžื ื•ืข ืืช ื”ื™ื“ืจื“ืจื•ืช ืžืฆื‘ื•. ืžื™ื“ืข ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ืžืฉืš ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื”ืžืชื ื” ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืกื™ื™ืข ืœืžืงื‘ืœื™ ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ืœื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืฉืคืจ ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืžืกื•ื™ื ืื• ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืื•ืชื•. ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืฉืขืฉื” ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขืœืชื” ืฉื‘ ืžืฉืจื“ ืื™ืŸ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืขืœ ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื”ืžืชื ื” ืฉืœ ื ืคื’ืขื™ ื ืคืฉ ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืžืจืคืื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช. ืœื“ืขืชื ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ ืžืงืฆื•ืข11 , ื‘ื”ื ื’ื ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื ืืžืจื• ื‘ื“ื™ื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”, ื”ืจื•ื•ื—ื” ื•ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื›ื ืกืช ืฉื”ืชืงื™ื™ืžื• ื‘ - 2004 , ื‘- 2005 ื•ื‘- 2006 ., ืขื•ืœื” ืฉื–ืžืŸ ื”ื”ืžืชื ื” ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืžืจืคืืชื™ ืžืžื•ืฉืš ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืจื‘ื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื” ื‘ - 5.6.06 ื”ื•ื“ื™ืข ืžื ื›"ืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ, ืฉ"ืื ืฉื™ื ืžืžืชื™ื ื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืจ ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื. ื™ืฉ ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฉืžืžืชื™ื ื™ื ืฉื ื”". ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ ืžืžืœื ืžืงื•ื ืจืืฉ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช "ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื”ืžืชื ื” ื”ื•ื ืงืจื™ื˜ื™ ืฉื›ืŸ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœื•ืœ ืœื”ืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœ ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืชื". ืœื“ืขืช ืื ืฉื™ ืžืงืฆื•ืข, ืขื™ื›ื•ื‘ ื‘ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืžืกื›ืŸ ืืช ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ื–ืงื•ืงื™ื ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื ืคืฉื™. ืคืขืžื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืกื›ื ืช ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืžืžืฉ, ืฉื›ืŸ ื›ืืฉืจ ื ืคื’ืข ื”ื ืคืฉ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืžืชื™ืŸ ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื”ื ืคืฉื™ ื–ืžืŸ ืจื‘, ืžืฆื‘ื• ืขืœื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื“ืจื“ืจ ืขื“ ืฉื™ื ืกื” ืœื”ืชืื‘ื“. ื—ืœืง ืžื ืคื’ืขื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ ื”ื–ืงื•ืงื™ื ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืคื•ื ื™ื ืœืฉื•ืง ื”ืคืจื˜ื™, ืื‘ืœ ื—ืกืจื™ ื”ืืžืฆืขื™ื ืื™ื ื ืžื˜ื•ืคืœื™ื ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืื• ืฉืื™ื ื ืžื˜ื•ืคืœื™ื ื›ืœืœ. ื›ืš ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉื™ื ื”ืคืขืจื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ืขืœื™ ื ืžืฆืขื™ื ืœื—ืกืจื™ ืืžืฆืขื™ื. ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ืฉื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืขื™ื‘ื“ ืืช ื ืชื•ื ื™ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื ื”ื ืคืฉื™ื™ื ืฉื ื™ืชื ื• ืœื ืคื’ืขื™ ื ืคืฉ ื‘ื› -50 ืžืจืคืื•ืช ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช (ืž-60 ), ืืš ืœื ืขื™ื‘ื“ ืืช ื ืชื•ื ื™ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื ืฉื ืชื ื• ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื. ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ื›ื™ ื ืชื•ื ื™ ื”ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื ืžืกืจื• ืœื• ื‘ืคื•ืจืžื˜ ืฉืœื ืืคืฉืจ ืœื• ืœืขื‘ื“ื ืขื ื ืชื•ื ื™ื•. .__________________ .11 ื•ื‘ื”ื ืžื ื›"ืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“, ื™ื•"ืจ ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืœืฉื™ืงื•ื, ืžื ื”ืœ ื”ืžืจื›ื– ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ ืœื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ืื‘ืจื‘ื ืืœ ื•ื”ื™ื•ืขืฅ ืœืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™ื” ื‘ื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช. 402 ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™57ื‘ .ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืง ืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ืžื™ื“ืข ืžืคื•ืจื˜ ืžืงืฉื” ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื”ืชื•ื•ืช ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ. ืขืœื™ื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื“ืจื•ืฉ ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื• ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ืžืœื ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืžืจืคืื•ืช. ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ ื—ื™ืจื•ื: ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ ื—ื™ืจื•ื ื ื™ืชื ื™ื ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื” ืœืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืœื•ืงื™ื ื‘ื ืคืฉื ืฉื”ืคืกื™ืงื• ืœื‘ืงืจ ื‘ืžืจืคืื•ืช, ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื ืงืœืขื• ืœืžืฉื‘ืจ ื•ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืžื—ืœืชื ื”ืงืฉื” ืขืœื•ืœื” ืœืžื ื•ืข ืžื”ื ืœื”ืชืืฉืคื–. ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื—ื™ืจื•ื ื”ื•ื ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืขืจืš ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ. ื”ื•ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืžื ื•ืข ืืช ื”ื—ืžืจืช ืžืฆื‘ื• ื”ื ืคืฉื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื•ืœื” ื•ืืฃ ืœื”ื•ื–ื™ืœ ืืช ืขืœื•ืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ. ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื”ืžืขืงื‘ ืžืกืจ ืจืืฉ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ื ื›ื™ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืชืช ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ ื—ื™ืจื•ื ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื‘ื•ื“ืง ืื ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ "ืžื•ืงื“ื™ ื—ื™ืจื•ื 'ื‘ืคืจื™ืกื” ืืจืฆื™ืช' ืฉื™ืขืกื™ืงื• ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื™ื, ื•ื‘ืขืช ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ื™ื’ื™ืขื• ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื”". ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™ืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ืฉืจืง ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช 2006 ื”ื—ืœื• ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืžื•ืงื“ื™ ื—ื™ืจื•ื ืœืฉื ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžื—ื•ื–ื•ืช ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘, ืžืจื›ื– ื•ื“ืจื•ื. ื‘ื™ื ื•ืืจ 2007 ืžืกืจ ืจืืฉ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืฉืจื™ื›ื– ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืขืœ ืžื•ืงื“ื™ ื”ื—ื™ืจื•ื ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ืคืขื™ืœ ื‘ืฉื ื” ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื”, ื•ืžืกืจ ื›ื™ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืžืงื™ื™ื "ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืžื—ื•ื“ืฉืช... ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืžืฉืš ื”ืคืขืœืชื• ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื–ื”". ื›ื•ื— ืื“ื: ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื”ืžืขืงื‘ ื”ื•ื“ื™ืข ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 2001 ืฉื‘ื—ืžืฉ ื”ืฉื ื™ื ืฉืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ื™ื•ืขื‘ืจื• ืœืžืจืคืื•ืช ืขื•ื“ 150 ืชืงื ื™ื. ื•ืื•ืœื ื”ืชื‘ืจืจ ืฉืขื“ ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 2006 ื ื•ืกืคื• ืœืžืจืคืื•ืช ืจืง ื› -100 ืชืงื ื™ื ื‘ืžืงื•ื150 . ื”ืžืžื•ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ืžืจืคืื•ืช ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืžืกืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 2006 ื›ื™ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืœื”ืขืกื™ืง ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ืชืงืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœืกืคืง ืืช ืฉืืจ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ืฉื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœืชืช ื‘ืฉื ืช 2001 ., ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืจื›ื™ืฉืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืื•ืœื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ืฉื”ืกืคืงืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื™ื ื”ืžืจืคืืชื™ื™ื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืจื›ื™ืฉืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืืจื›ื” ื–ืžืŸ ืจื‘, ื•ืจืง ื‘ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 2006 ื”ื—ืœื• ืœืกืคืงื ื‘ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ืื’ื•ื“ื” ืœื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ. .ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ .ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืžืขืจื‘ ืžื•ืฆื™ืื•ืช ืืช ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ืฉืœ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ืขืœ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื”. ื‘ืืจืฆื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช ืœืžืฉืœ ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืžื•ืฆื™ืื•ืช 51%-88% ืžืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ืขืœ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื” (ื—ื•ืฅ ืžืฉื™ืงื•ื). ืžื—ืฆื™ืชืŸ ืžื•ืฆื™ืื•ืช %80-%60 ืขืœ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื” 12 ,. ื‘ืืจืฅ, ืœืขื•ืžืช ื–ืืช .__________________ .12 :ืจืื• K. Barrett, R. Greene, M. Mariani, "MENTAL HEALTH - Promise Unfulfilled", Governing.com, 2004, http://www.governing.com/gpp/2004/mental.htm. ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช 403 .ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžื•ืฆื™ืื” ืขืœ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื” ื•ืขืœ ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื’ื ื™ื—ื“ ืจืง ื›-32% .ืžืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ืืžื ื ื‘ืฉืฉ ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื”ื•ืฆืื” ืขืœ ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื›ืžืขื˜ ื”ื•ื›ืคืœื” ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื—ืœืงื” ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื”ื•ืฆืื” ืขืœ ืืฉืคื•ื– ืžื›ืœ ื”ื”ื•ืฆืื” ืขืœ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ื™ืจื“ ืž-76% ืœ-64% , ืื•ืœื ื”ื”ื•ืฆืื” ืขืœ ืืฉืคื•ื– ืœื ืคื—ืชื”. ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ืืฉืคื•ื– ืฉืœ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™ื™ื ื•ืฆืžืฆื•ื ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืžื™ื˜ื•ืช ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉืžืกืคืจ ื”ืžื™ื˜ื•ืช ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™ื™ื ืฆื•ืžืฆื, ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ืืฉืคื•ื– ืฉืœ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™ื™ื ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื ืœื ืฆื•ืžืฆื ื•ื‘ืชื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื›ืžืขื˜ ืœื ื ืกื’ืจื• (ื ืกื’ืจื• ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื‘ืชื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืคืจื˜ื™ื™ื). ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขื™ืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื›ื™ ืื—ื•ื– ื”ืชืคื•ืกื” ื”ื ืžื•ืš ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™ื™ื ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื, 78.5 ื‘- 2003 ื•-70 ื‘- 2005 , ืžืขื™ื“ ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ืขืœ ืื™-ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช. ืœืขื•ืžืชื•, ืื—ื•ื– ื”ืชืคื•ืกื” ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื›ืœืœื™ืช ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืื•ืชืŸ ืฉื ื™ื ื›-96 ื•ื›-89 ., ื‘ื”ืชืืžื” ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขื™ืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื›ื™ ืžืื—ืจ ืฉื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืฉืœ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ืžื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืœืงื”ื™ืœื”, ืขืœื™ื• ืœื”ืคื ื•ืช ืืช ืžืฉืื‘ื™ ื”ืืฉืคื•ื– ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื”. ืืฉืคื•ื– ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื›ืœืœื™ื™ื ืื ืฉื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื”ืกื•ื‘ืœื™ื ืžืžื—ืœื•ืช ื ืคืฉ ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืชืืฉืคื– ื’ื ื‘ืžื—ืœืงื•ืช ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™ื•ืช ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื›ืœืœื™ื™ื. ืœื“ืขืช ืื ืฉื™ ืžืงืฆื•ืข, ืืฉืคื•ื– ื›ื–ื” ื™ืขื™ืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ืžืงื”ื” ืืช ื”ืกื˜ื™ื’ืžื” ืฉื—ื•ืœื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ ื•ื‘ื ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืชื™ื”ื ื—ื•ืฉืฉื™ื ืžืžื ื”. ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืขื˜ ืžืื•ื“ ื—ื•ืœื™ ื ืคืฉ ืžื˜ื•ืคืœื™ื ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื›ืœืœื™ื™ื (ื›ืืจื‘ืขื” ืื—ื•ื–ื™ื ื‘ืœื‘ื“), ื•ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื›ืœืœื™ื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ืžื™ื ืื™ืŸ ืžื—ืœืงื•ืช ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™ื•ืช. ื™ืฆื•ื™ืŸ ืฉื’ื ื•ืขื“ืช ื ืชื ื™ื”ื• ื”ืžืœื™ืฆื”13 ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™]ื•[ ..."ืœืฉืœื‘ ืืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ื‘ืจืคื•ืื” ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื›ื•ืœืœื ื™ื™ื ืฉื™ืฉื•ืœื‘ื• ื‘ื”ื ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™ื™ื, ื”ืืฉืคื•ื–ื™ื™ื ื•ื”ืงื”ื™ืœืชื™ื™ื ื›ืื—ื“". ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ืžืกืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื• ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 2006 ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ื•ื—ืŸ ืขื ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืืช ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืœืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืžื—ืœืงื•ืช ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™ื•ืช ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื›ืœืœื™ื™ื. .ื”ืคืกืงืช ื”ื”ืคื ื™ื•ืช ืœืฉื™ืงื•ื .1. ื‘ืืžืฆืข ืžืจืก ื•ืขื“ ืกื•ืฃ ื™ื•ืœื™ 2006 ื”ืคืกื™ืง ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœืฉืœื•ื— ื ื›ื™ ื ืคืฉ ืœื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื”ืื–ื•ืจื™ื•ืช. ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ื›ื™ ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ืœื ืืคืฉืจ ืœืฉืงื ื ื›ื™ ื ืคืฉ ื ื•ืกืคื™ื, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ื•ืจื” ืžืžื•ื ื” ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืฉืœื ืœื›ื ืก ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืื–ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื–ืžืŸ. ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืžืฉืจื“, ื”ื•ื ืงื™ื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ื—ืœื˜ืชื• ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืจืฆื” ืœืฆืžืฆื ื›ื›ืœ ื”ืืคืฉืจ ืืช ื”ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ื ื›ื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ. .__________________ .13 ื”ืžืœืฆื•ืชื•ืขื“ืช-ื”ื—ืงื™ืจื” ื”ืžืžืœื›ืชื™ืช ืœื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืชืคืงื•ื“ื” ื•ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืชื” ืฉืœ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ , 1990 ', ืขืž402 . 404 ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™57ื‘ .ื ืฆื™ื’ื™ื ืฉืœ ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ื”ืชื•ืžื›ื™ื ื‘ื ืคื’ืขื™ ื ืคืฉ ื•ื ืฆื™ื’ื™ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืฉืœ ื‘ืชื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™ื™ื ื”ืชืจื™ืขื• ืขืœ ื”ืžืฆื‘ ืœืคื ื™ ืฉืจ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื‘ืžืื™ ื•ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ 2006 . ื”ื ื˜ืขื ื•, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ, ืฉื”ืคืกืงืช ื”ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืคื•ื’ืขืช ืžืื•ื“ ื‘ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืฉืœ ื ื›ื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ ื•ื‘ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื”ื›ื•ืœืœื ื™ ื‘ื”ื ื•ืžื‘ื˜ืœืช ื”ื™ืฉื’ื™ื ืฉื”ื•ืฉื’ื• ื‘ื”ืฉืงืขื” ื•ื‘ืžืืžืฆื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื "ื‘ื—ืžืฉ ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช" (ืžืื– ื”ื•ื—ืœ ื—ื•ืง ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื). ื‘- 14.5.06 "ื”ื’ื™ืฉื• ืขืžื•ืชืช "ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช 14 ื•ืื—ืจื™ื ืขืชื™ืจื” ืœื‘ื’"ืฅ ื ื’ื“ ืžื“ื™ื ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืื—ืจื™ื ื•ื‘ื™ืงืฉื• ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืฆื• ืขืœ ืชื ืื™ "ื”ืžื•ืจื” ืœืžืฉื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื‘ื•ื ื•ืœื™ืชืŸ ื˜ืขื, ืžื“ื•ืข ืœื ื™ื™ืฉืžื• ืืช ื”ื•ืจืื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืง ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื ื›ื™ ื ืคืฉ ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื”"15 . ื‘ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 2006 ืžืกืจื” ืขืžื•ืชืช "ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช" ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื›ื™ ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื—ื•ื“ืฉื” ื”ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช (ืจืื• ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš), ื”ื™ื ื‘ื™ืงืฉื” ืœืžื—ื•ืง ืืช ื”ืขืชื™ืจื”. ื ื›ื™ ื ืคืฉ ื‘ื ื™ 19 ,30 ื•-41 ืฉื”ืฆื˜ืจืคื•ืœืขืชื™ืจื” ื”ืฆื”ื™ืจื• ืฉื”ืคืกืงืช ื”ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื”ื–ื™ืงื” ืœื”ื ืžืื•ื“. ื›ืš ืœืžืฉืœ, ืื—ื“ ื”ืฆื”ื™ืจ ื›ื™ ื ื™ืกื” ืœืฉื™ื ืงืฅ ืœื—ื™ื™ื•; ืื—ืจ ื”ืฆื”ื™ืจ ื›ื™ ืœื ืฉื•ื—ืจืจ ืžื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืืœื ื ื•ืชืจ ืžืื•ืฉืคื– ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉืžืฆื‘ื• ื”ืงืœื™ื ื™ ืœื ื”ืฆื“ื™ืง ื–ืืช; ืขื•ืชืจ ื ื•ืกืฃ ืžืกืจ ื›ื™ ืฉื•ื˜ื˜ ื‘ื”ืจื™ื ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืœืฉื”ื•ืช ื‘ื‘ื™ืชื•. ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื•, ืื ืœื ื™ืงื‘ืœ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื™ืขื“ื™ืฃ ืœืฉื•ื‘ ื•ืœื”ืชืืฉืคื– ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™. 2. ื‘ืžืื™ ื•ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ 2006 ืคื ื” ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืœืžื ื›"ืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืคืจื•ืค' ืื‘ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืคืกืงืช ื”ื”ืคื ื™ื•ืช ืœื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื. ืžื ื›"ืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ื‘ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ, ื›ื™ ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉื‘ืžืฉืš ืฉื ื™ื ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืžืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ืœืชืงืฆื‘ ืืช ืกืขื™ืฃ ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื‘ืกื›ื•ืžื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ืฉื™ืืคืฉืจื• ืœืฉืงื ืขื•ื“ ื ื›ื™ ื ืคืฉ (ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื•, ื‘ืฉื ืช 2006 ื ื“ืจืฉื• ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื–ื” ืขื•ื“ ื›-50 )ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื—- ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ืœื ื ืขื ื” ืœื‘ืงืฉื•ืชื™ื•, ื•ืœืคื™ื›ืš ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืžืžืŸ ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืฉืœ ื ื›ื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื. ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืžื ื›"ืœ, ื”ื”ื ื—ื™ื” ืฉืœื ืœื›ื ืก ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืื–ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ื ื™ืชื ื” ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื—ืฉื‘ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื•ื“ื™ืข ืœืžืžื•ื ื” ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื›ื™ ืœื ื™ื›ื‘ื“ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื•ืช ืœืชืฉืœื•ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืคื•ื ื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื, ืฉื›ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืœื›ืš ืชืงืฆื™ื‘. ื”ืžื ื›"ืœ ืฆื™ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ืžืžื•ื ื” ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื“ืจืฉ ืžื”ื—ืฉื‘ ืœื›ื‘ื“ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื ื•ื’ืขื™ื ืœืžืชืŸ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืœื–ื›ืื™ื, ืฉื›ืŸ ื—ื•ืง ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืืช ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœืžืžืŸ ืื•ืชื ื‘ืœื™ ืงืฉืจ ืœืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ืžื™ื•ืขื“ ืœืฉื™ืงื•ื. ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื•, ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ - 25.1.06 ืฉื”ืฉืชืชืคื• ื‘ื• ื’ื ื ืฆื™ื’ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื—ืฉื‘ ื”ื›ืœืœื™ ื‘ืื•ืฆืจ ื•ืฉืœ ื”ืœืฉื›ื” ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ืช, ื ื“ื—ืชื” ื”ื“ืจื™ืฉื” ื”ื–ืืช, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืœื ื ื•ืชืจื” ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื‘ืจื™ืจื” ืืœื ืœื”ืคืกื™ืง ืืช ื›ื™ื ื•ืก ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช. ื‘ืฉืœ ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ืœื”ืคืกื™ืง ืœืฉืœื•ื— ื ื›ื™ ื ืคืฉ ืœื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื”ืื–ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ื ืฉืœืœื” ื–ื›ื•ืชื ืฉืœ ืืœืคื™ ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืœื•ืงื™ื ื‘ื ืคืฉื ืœืคื ื•ืช ืืœ ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืืœื”. ืœื›ืŸ ื ื›ื™ ื ืคืฉ ืžืกื•ื™ืžื™ื ื ืืœืฆื™ื ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืœื”ืชืืฉืคื– ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™ื™ื ืฉืœื ืœืฆื•ืจืš, ื•ืœื ื›ื™ ื ืคืฉ ืื—ืจื™ื ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื” ื—ืกืจื” ืžืกื’ืจืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื. ื—ืœืงื ื ื™ืกื• ืœื”ืชืื‘ื“ ื•ืžืงืฆืชื ืขืœื•ืœื™ื ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ืœื”ืชืืฉืคื– ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™ื™ื ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื—ื•ืœืฃ ืคื•ื’ืข ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื ืœื”ืฉืชืงื. 3. ื‘ื™ื•ืœื™ 2006 ื”ืกื›ื™ืžื• ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ืœื”ืงืฆื™ื‘ ืขื•ื“ ื›-14 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื— ื›ื“ื™ ืœื—ื“ืฉ ืืช ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชืŸ ืฉืœ ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื—ื•ื“ืฉ. ื›ืกืคื™ื ืืœื” ื ื•ืกืคื• ืœ-322 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืฉ"ื— ืฉืœ ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืฉื ื”. 4. ื‘ื™ื•ืœื™ 2006 ื”ืฆื™ืข ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืชื—ื•ืง ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื—ื•ืง ื”ื”ืกื“ืจื™ื ืฉืœ ืฉื ืช 2007 . ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื”ืกื‘ืจ ืœื”ืฆืขืช ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื ืืžืจ, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ, ื›ื™ ื‘ืžืฆื‘ "ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™" ืื™ -ืืคืฉืจ ืœืฆืคื•ืช ืžืจืืฉ ืืช ืžืกืคืจ ื”ื–ื›ืื™ื ืœืฉื™ืงื•ื, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืื™ื ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืชื›ื ืŸ ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ .__________________ .14 ""ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช- ื”ืžืจื›ื– ืœื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืื“ื ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ืขื ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ื™ื•ืช. 15 ื‘ื’"ืฅ 4015/06 .'ืขืžื•ืชืช ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ื•ืื—' ื ' ืžื“ื™ื ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืื— ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช 405 .ืืจื•ืš ื˜ื•ื•ื—. ื—ื•ืฅ ืžื–ื”, ืœืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืื™ืŸ ื›ืœ ืชืžืจื™ืฅ ืœื”ืชื™ื™ืขืœ ืžืื—ืจ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื” ืžืกื’ืจ ืช ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ืช. ืœืคื™ื›ืš ื”ืฆื™ืข ื”ืื•ืฆืจ, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ, ื›ื™ ืกืœ ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื•ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื™ื™ืงื‘ืขื• ืขืœ ืคื™ ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ืฉื ืชื™ ืฉื™ื™ืงื‘ืข ืžื“ื™ ืฉื ื” ื‘ืฉื ื”, ื›ืžื• ืฉื ืขืฉื” ื‘ื—ื•ืง ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืžืžืœื›ืชื™ ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืขืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ืกืœ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืฉืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื ื•ืชื ื•ืช. ื‘ืขื“ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืืคืฉืจ ืœื’ื‘ื•ืช ืชืฉืœื•ื ืื• ื“ืžื™ ื”ืฉืชืชืคื•ืช. ื‘ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืœ ื ื•ืฉื ื–ื” ื›ืชื‘ ืžื ื›"ืœ ืžื›ื‘ื™ ืคืจื•ืค' ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ืฉืžืจ ืœืžื ื›"ืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื‘ - 30.8.06 , ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ, ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืืœื”: "ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื•ื ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื ืžืฆืืช ื‘ืื™ ืกืคื™ืงื”. ืงื™ืฆื•ืฅ ื ื•ืกืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืฆืขืช ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช [ .ื‘ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื• ืฆืžืฆื•ื ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ]ื”ื—ื•ืง1 ) ื™ื”ื™ื” ืงื•ืฉื™ ืœืฉื—ืจืจ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืžื‘ืชื™ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื”ืืžื•ืจื” ืœืชืžื•ืš ื‘ื—ื•ืœื” ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื” ืชืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ื ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืืœื” ื‘ืคื ื™ ืฉื•ืงืช ืฉื‘ื•ืจื”. 2 ) ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืœื ื™ืฉื•ืœื‘ื• ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื” ื•ื™ืฉื›ื‘ื• ื‘ื‘ืชื™ื ืื• ื™ื•ื—ื–ืจื• ื‘ืชื“ื™ืจื•ืช ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ืœื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื. 3 ) ื™ื™ื•ื•ืฆืจ ืœื—ืฅ ื›ื‘ื“ ื•ื ื˜ืœ ื›ื‘ื“ ืขืœ ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ืช ืฉืœื ืชื•ื›ืœ ื‘ื ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืืœื” ืœืชืช ืžืขื ื” ื”ื•ืœื ืœืฆืจื›ื™ ื”ืžื˜ื•ืคืœ". ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ ืžื ื›"ืœ ืžื›ื‘ื™, ืจื•ื—ื• ื•ื›ื•ื•ื ืชื• ืืžื ื ืชื—ืกื•ืš ื‘ื˜ื•ื•ื— ]ืœืคื™[ "ื”ืฆื’ืช ื ื™ืžื•ืงื™ื ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ื™ื ื›ืขื™ืœื” ืœืื™ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข... ื”ื—ื•ืง ื”ืงืฆืจ, ืื•ืœื ื”ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืžื•ืจื” ืฉื”ืขืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืจืง ื™ื’ื“ืœื• ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืื—ืจ: ื‘ืฆืจื™ื›ืช ืืฉืคื•ื–ื™ื, ื‘ื ื˜ืœ ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืขืœ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื” ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ืงื•ืจืกืช, ื‘ืื™ ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ื ืฉืœ ื ื›ื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ ื” ื”ื™ืฆืจื ื™ ื•ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื‘ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ืฉืื™ื ืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœืชืคืงื“ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืœื ืฉื ื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช". ืขื•ื“ ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื›ื™ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ "ืžืกื•ื›ืŸ ืœืžื˜ื•ืคืœื™ื, ื™ื‘ื™ื ื ื–ืง ื•ืœื ืชื•ืขืœืช, ื™ื›ื‘ื™ื“ ืขืœ ื”ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื•ื™ืคื’ืข ืืฃ ื‘ืจืคื•ืจืžื” ". ]ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืœืงื•ืคื•ืช[ ื”ืžืชื•ื›ื ื ืช ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขื™ืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื‘ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 2006 ื›ื™ ื—ื•ืง ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืงื•ื‘ืข ืฉื–ื›ืื•ืชื ืฉืœ ื ื›ื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ ืœืกืœ ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืชืœื•ื™ื” ืืš ื•ืจืง ื‘ืžืฆื‘ื ื”ื ืคืฉื™, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืกืœ ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื ืขืœ ืกืžืš ืฉื™ืงื•ืœื™ื ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื™ื ื‘ืœื‘ื“. ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ืชืงื‘ืœ ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ืžื•ืฆืข ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœื”ืชืงื‘ืœ ืœืฉื™ืงื•ื ืจืง ืžืกืคืจ ืžืกื•ื™ื ืฉืœ ื ื›ื™ ื ืคืฉ, ืื• ื™ืฆื•ืžืฆื ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืฉื™ื•ืขื ืง ืœื ื›ื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ. .5 ื‘-9.06.12 ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ื” ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” 16 ื‘ื™ืŸ[ ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื—ื•ืง ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื "ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื™ืงื‘ืข ื‘ื• ื›ื™... ืกืœ ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื•ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื™ื™ื ืชื ื• ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืง ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ]ื”ื™ืชืจ ืฉืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ืœืจืฉื•ืช ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ืฉื ืชื™ ืฉื™ื™ืงื‘ืข ืžื™ื“ื™ ืฉื ื” ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื—ื•ืง ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ืœืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื”". ื‘ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 2006 ื”ื•ื“ื™ืข ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื›ื™ ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื‘ื—ื•ืง ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืœื ื™ืชื‘ืฆืข ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื—ื•ืง ื”ื”ืกื“ืจื™ื ืืœื ื‘ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื—ืงื™ืงื” ืจื’ื™ืœ ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ื—ืงื™ืงื” ืœื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืœืžืชืŸ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ืœืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื, ื›ืžืคื•ืจื˜ ืœื”ืœืŸ. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืฉืื ื™ืฉื•ื ื” ื”ื—ื•ืง ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœื›ื•ื•ื ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืขืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœืฉืงื•ืœ ื”ื ื”ื’ืช ื ื•ืกื—ืช ืขื“ื›ื•ืŸ ืœืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื‘ื“ื•ืžื” ืœืขื“ื›ื•ืŸ ืขืœื•ืช ื”ืกืœ ื‘ื—ื•ืง ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืžืžืœื›ืชื™. .__________________ .16 ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ืžืกืคืจ472 . 406 ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™57ื‘ .ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืœืžืชืŸ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ืœืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื .1. ืขื“ 1.1.95 , ืžื•ืขื“ ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื—ืœื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืง ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืžืžืœื›ืชื™ ื”ืชืฉื "ื“- 1994 (ืœื”ืœืŸ- ื”ื—ื•ืง), ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ื™ื ืฉื ืชื ื” ืืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ, ื•ื‘ื”ื: ืกืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืื™ืฉืคื•ื–, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื—ื™ืจื•ื ืฉืœ ืžื™ื•ืŸ ื•ืืฉืคื•ื–, ื•ื›ืŸ ืกืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืžืจืคืืชื™ื™ื, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื•ืฉื™ืงื•ื. ืขื ื–ืืช, ื’ื ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื ืชื ื• ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ, ื•ื‘ื”ื ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™ื™ื ื•ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื ืคืกื™ื›ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื™ื ืฉื™ืงื•ืžื™ื™ื. ื ืืžืจ ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืขืช 17 , ืฉืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ื™ื•ืขื‘ืจื• ืœืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ื”ืงื•ืคื•ืช "ื‘ื“ื™ื—ื•ื™ ืงืœ". ื‘ื—ื•ืง ื ืงื‘ืข ื›ื™ ืขื“ ืฉื™ื•ืขื‘ืจื• ืœืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื›ืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืฉื ืชื ื” ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืœืคื ื™ ื”ื—ืœืชื•, ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื•ื ืฉื™ื™ืชืŸ ืืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ืืœื”, ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื™ืขืฉื” ื–ืืช ื‘ืขืฆืžื• ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื™ืขืฉื” ื–ืืช ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื ื•ืชื ื™ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื. ื‘ืžืื™ 1995 ืคื•ืจืกื ืฆื• ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืžืžืœื›ืชื™ (ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ืชื•ืกืคืช ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ื•ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช ืœื—ื•ืง), ื”ืชืฉื "ื”- 1995 , ื•ื ืงื‘ืข ื‘ื• ื›ื™ ืž- 1.6.95 ื™ื•ืขื‘ืจื• ื—ืœืง ืžืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืืฉืคื•ื– ื•ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืžืจืคืืชื™ ืžืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื. ื‘ืฉื ืช 1995 ื“ื ื• ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื•ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื‘ื”ืกื“ืจื™ื ืœืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ื”ื”ื•ืฆืื” ืฉืชื•ื˜ืœ ืขืœ ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ื”ืขื‘ืจื” ื–ื•, ืืš ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ืœื ื”ื•ืขื‘ืจื• ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืฉืœ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ืœืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื, ื•ื‘ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 1996 ื‘ื•ื˜ืœ ื”ืฆื•18. )(ื ืœื“ืขืช ืคืจื•ืค' ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ืฉื ื™, ืœืฉืขื‘ืจ ืžื ื›"ืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ืžื ื”ืœ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืจื›ื– ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ 'ืฉื™ื‘ื', ืฉืขืžื“ ื‘ืจืืฉ ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืฉืขืกืงื• ื‘ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ, ื™ื”ื™ื” ืืคืฉืจ ืœืฉืคืจ ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืžืžืฉื™ ืืช ืžืฆื‘ื ืฉืœ ื ื›ื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ ืจืง ืื ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื™ื”ื™ื• ืžื•ืคืงื“ื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื”ื 19 . ืœื“ืขืชื•, ืืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื ื›ื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ื‘ืžืจืคืืช ื”ืจื•ืคื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ 20 , ื•ืขืœ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื™ื™ืขื•ืฅ ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ ืœืกื™ื™ืข ื‘ื™ื“ื•. ืื•ืœื ื”ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ื”ืงืฉื” ืขื ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื ืœื ืืคืฉืจ ื” ืœืชืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื•ืœื ืœื—ื•ืœื™ื. ืœื“ืขืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“ 21 , ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื—ื™ืช ื”ื™ืฉื™ืจื” ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ืžื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืœืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื, ืชืžื ืข ืคื™ืฆื•ืœ ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื‘ื˜ื—ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ืชืงื“ื ืืช ื”ืชืคื™ืกื” ื”ืจื•ืื” ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืืกื“ืจ (ืจื’ื•ืœื˜ื•ืจ) ื•ืœื ื ื•ืชืŸ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื•ืชืกื™ื™ืข ืœืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืจืคื•ืืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ื›ื—ืœืง ื‘ืœืชื™ ื ืคืจื“ ืžืžืขืจืš ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ื›ื•ืœืœ ื”ืžื•ื‘ื˜ื— ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื—ื•ืง ืœื›ืœ ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”. ื”ื™ื ื’ื ืชื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืืช ื”ืจืฆืฃ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ ื‘ื ื›ื” ื”ื ืคืฉ. ืœืžืจื•ืช ื–ืืช ืžืื– ื”ื—ืœืช ื—ื•ืง ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืžืžืœื›ืชื™ (ื‘ืฉื ืช 1995 ) ื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื‘ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 2006 ื—ืœืคื• ื› -12 ืฉื ื™ื ื•ื ืงื‘ืขื• ืžื•ืขื“ื™ ื™ืขื“ ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืœื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื ืคื’ืขื™ ื ืคืฉ ืžื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืœืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื, ื ื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœื ื—ืœืคื• ื•ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื ื•ืชืจื” ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืžืฉืจื“. (ื‘) ื‘- 16.6.05 ื”ื’ื™ืฉื• ืขืžื•ืชืช "ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช" ื•ืื—ืจื™ื ืขืชื™ืจื” ื ื’ื“ ืฉืจ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ืื—ืจื™ื22 ืœืžืชืŸ ืฆื• ืขืœ ืชื ืื™ ื›ื“ื™ "ืœื™ืชืŸ ื˜ืขื: ื. ืžื“ื•ืข ืœื ืชืงื•ื™ื ืœืืœืชืจ ื”ื—ืœื˜ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืžืกืคืจ 2905 ืžื™ื•ื .__________________ .17 ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืฉืจ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœืฉืขื‘ืจ ืžืจ ืืคืจื™ื ืกื ื” ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืช ื”ื›ื ืกืช ืžื™ื•ื 20.12.94. 18 ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืจืื• ื’ื ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™ 48 ืฉืœ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”( 1998) , 'ืขืž159 ; ื•ื›ืŸ ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™52ื‘ ( 2002') ืขืž215. 19 ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืจืื• ื’ื ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™ 52 ื‘ ืฉืœ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืขืž' 216. 20 ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ื–ื”ื• ืจื•ืคื ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืื• ืจื•ืคื ื™ืœื“ื™ื. 21 ื˜ื™ื•ื˜ืช ืชื–ื›ื™ืจ ื”ืฆืขืช ื”ื—ื•ืง ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื—ื•ืง ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื ื›ื™ ื ืคืฉ ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื” ืžื™ื•ื 10.1.07. 22 ื‘ื’"ืฅ 5777/05 .'ืขืžื•ืชืช ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ื•ืื—' ื ' ืฉืจ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ืื— ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช 407 .26.1.03 ; ื‘. ื•ืžื“ื•ืข ืœื ื™ืขื‘ื™ืจื• ื”ืžืฉื™ื‘ื™ื1-2 ืฉืจื™ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•[ , ืœืืœืชืจ, ืืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช]ืช ื•ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื”ื ืคืฉ ืœืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื... ื›ืคื™ ืฉื ืงื‘ืข ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื”ื ื–ื›ืจืช". ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื”ืขืชื™ืจื” ื ืชืŸ ื‘ื’"ืฅ ื‘- 1.11.05 ืฆื• ืขืœ ืชื ืื™ ื›ืžื‘ื•ืงืฉ23. )(ื’ ื‘- 12.2.06 ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ื” ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”24 '"ืœืชืงืŸ ืืช ื”ื—ืœื˜ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืžืก 2905 ืžื™ื•ื 26.1.03 ื•ืœืงื‘ื•ืข, ื›ื™ ืชืืจื™ืš ื™ื™ืฉื•ื ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ื”ืืžื•ืจื” ื™ื™ื“ื—ื” ืœื™ื•ื 1.1.07 .". ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ืœื ื‘ื•ืฆืขื” 2. ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืžื•ืช ื”ืฆื‘ื™ืข ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื”ืงืฉื” ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ ืฉื ืคื’ืขื™ ื ืคืฉ ื–ื›ืื™ื ืœืงื‘ืœ ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžืคื™ืฆื•ืœ ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืœืžืชืŸ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื•ืžืŸ ื”ืื™-ื‘ื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ. ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™ืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ืฉื”ื ื•ืฉื ืขืœื” ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืช ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืœืฉื™ืงื•ื ื‘ - 3.1.06 , ืฉื‘ื” ืืžืจื” ื ืฆื™ื’ืช ื”ืกืชื“ืจื•ืช ื”ืื—ื™ื ื•ื”ืื—ื™ื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื‘ืžื•ืขืฆื” ื›ื™ "ื”ืฉืจื•ืช ื”ืืžื‘ื•ืœื˜ื•ืจื™ ืœืคื ื™ ืงืจื™ืกื” ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช: ื™ืฉ ]ืืช[ ื‘ืชืงื•ืคืช ื‘ื™ื ื™ื™ื ื˜ืจื ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ืช ืœืงื•ืคื•ืช. ื›ื•ืœื ืžืฆืžืฆืžื™ื ืฆืžืฆื•ื ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ื‘ืžืกืคืจ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืืžื‘ื•ืœื˜ื•ืจื™. ืœื ืžืื™ื™ืฉื™ื ืžืฉืจื•ืช ืžืชืคื ื•ืช... ื”ืงื•ืคื•ืช, ืžืื™ื“ืš ืžืชื ืขืจื•ืช ืžืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ื•ื ืกื•ื’ื•ืช ื•ืžืฆืžืฆืžื•ืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื... ื™ืฉ ืกื›ื ืช ืงืจื™ืกื” ื•ืกื›ื ื” ืฉืœ ื ืกื™ื’ื” ืืฆืœ ืžืฉืชืงืžื™ื ืœืœื ืžืขื ื” ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ ื ื“ืจืฉ". 3. ื‘- 17.9.06 , ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื”ืกืชื™ื™ืžื” ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช, ื ื—ืชื ื”ืกื›ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ืžืœื•ื ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื—ื™ืช ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ืœืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื. ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืŸ ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืฉื•ืชืคื•ืช ืœื”ืกื›ื ื–ื” ื•ื”ืกืชื™ื™ื’ื• ืžืžื ื• ืžืื•ื“. ืงื•ืคืช ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืžื›ื‘ื™, ืœืžืฉืœ, ื›ืชื‘ื” ื‘- 8.8.06 ื•ื‘- 1.10.06 ืœืฉืจ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ืœืžื ื›"ืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื›ื™ ื‘ื”ืกื›ื ื ื›ืœืœื• ื›ืžื” ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืฉืœื ื“ื ื• ื‘ื”ื ืขื ื”ืงื•ืคื•ืช, ื•ื›ืŸ ื ืขืฉื• ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ืกื•ื›ืžื• ื‘ื˜ื™ื•ื˜ื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืžื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื”ืกื›ื. ื‘ื™ ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ, ื”ื•ืงืฆื‘ื• ืคื—ื•ืช ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ืžืŸ ื”ืืžืฆืขื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื• ื“ืจื•ืฉื™ื, ืœื“ืขืช ื”ืงื•ืคื”; ืœื ื”ื•ืงืฆื‘ื• ื›ืกืคื™ื ืœื”ืงืžืช ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช; ืœื ื“ื•ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืขืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื•ืช ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ืœืงื•ืคื” ืื ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื‘ื—ื•ืง ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื™ืฆื ืืœ ื”ืคื•ืขืœ; ื›ื•ืชื‘ื™ ื”ื”ืกื›ื ืœื ื”ื‘ื™ืื• ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืฉืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื”ืชืืจื’ื ื•ืช ื™ื™ืžืฉืš ื’ื ืื—ืจื™ 1.1.07 . ืžื›ื‘ื™ ื”ืขืจื™ื›ื” ืฉื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืฉืœืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืขืœื•ืœ ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ื—ื•ืœื™ื. ื‘ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 2006 ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ื” ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” 25 ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืœื™ื“ื™ ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืืช ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืœืžืชืŸ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ื ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื”, ืืฉืจ ื ื—ืชื ื‘ื™ื•ื 17.9.06. ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 2006 ืžืกืจื• ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืฉื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื—ื™ืช ืชืืจืš ืฉื™ืฉื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืœืคื—ื•ืช, ื•ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฉืœื™ื ืืช ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ื™ื™ื“ืจืฉื• ื›ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืฉื ื™ื. ื‘ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 2006 ื”ื•ื“ื™ืข ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื›ื™ ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืœืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืชื™ื“ื—ื” ืœืคื—ื•ืช ื‘ื—ืฆื™ ืฉื ื”. ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ื›ื™ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ื”ืชื ื’ื“ ืœื›ื•ื•ื ื” ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืœืงื•ืคื•ืช ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื—ื•ืง ื”ื”ืกื“ืจื™ื ื•ื“ืจืฉ ื›ื™ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื™ื™ืขืฉื” ื‘ื—ืงื™ืงื” ืจื’ื™ืœื”. .__________________ .23 ื‘ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 2006 , ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืชื™ืจื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืชืœื•ื™ื” ื•ืขื•ืžื“ืช. ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื ื•ืกืฃ ื ืงื‘ืข ืœ - 19.2.07. 24 ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ืžืกืคืจ 4702. 25 ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ืžืกืคืจ568. 408 ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™57ื‘ .ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขื™ืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืฉื ื•ื›ื— ื”ืชืžืฉื›ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืœืงื•ืคื•ืช ืฉื ื™ื ื›ื” ืจื‘ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืฉืœ ืื™ -ื”ื•ื•ื“ืื•ืช ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืฉืœืžืช ื”ื”ืœื™ืš ื‘ืžื•ืขื“ ืงืจื•ื‘, ืขืœื™ื• ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืฉื‘ืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ืžืขื‘ืจ ื• ืขื“ ื”ืฉืœืžืช ื”ื™ืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืงื•ืคื•ืช ืœื ื™ื™ืคื’ืข ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื ืคื’ืขื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ. .ื”ืคืกืงืช ืžืชืŸ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ื”ืžืจืคืืชื™ื™ื ื‘ืงื•ืคืช ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ืช .ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื•ื›ืœืœื™ืช ื ื•ืชื ื™ื ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื‘ืชื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™ื™ื ื•ืžืจืคืื•ืช ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื” ืฉื”ื ืžืคืขื™ืœื™ื ื™ืฉื™ืจื•ืช, ื•ื”ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ืื—ืจื•ืช ื ื•ืชื ื•ืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืจื•ืคืื™ื ืคืกื™ื›ื™ ืื˜ืจื™ื ื•ืคืกื™ื›ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื. 1. ื‘ื™ื ื•ืืจ 2004 ื”ืคืกื™ืงื” ืงื•ืคืช ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืœืชืช ืืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ืžืจืคืืชื™ื™ื ืฉื ื”ื’ื” ืœืชืช ืœื› - 4,000 ืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื ื ืคื’ืขื™ ื ืคืฉ. ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืœื ืชื™ืืžื” ื–ืืช ืขื ื’ื•ืจื ื›ืœืฉื”ื• ื•ืœื ื•ื™ื“ืื” ืฉืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื” ื ืคื’ืขื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ ื™ืงื‘ืœื• ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืื—ืจ. ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ืœื ืฆื•ื™ื“ื• ื‘ืžื›ืชื‘ 'ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ' ืžื”ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจ ื”ืžื˜ืคืœ, ื›ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ, ื•ื”ืขื‘ืจืชื ืœื”ืžืฉืš ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืœื ืชื•ืืžื” ืขื ื”ืžืจืคืื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช. ื‘ืฉืœ ืžื”ืœืš ื–ื”, ืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืฉื ื–ืงืงื• ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™ ืžืจืคืืชื™ ืœื ืงื™ื‘ืœื• ื›ืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืžืฉืš ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื. ื—ืœืงื ืืžื ื ืคื ื• ืœืžืจืคืื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช, ืืš ืืœื” ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื• ืขืžื•ืกื•ืช ื‘ืœืื• ื”ื›ื™ (ื‘ืื–ื•ืจ ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ื ื•ืกืคื• ื›- 1,000 ืคื•ื ื™ื). ืขืงื‘ ื›ืš ื”ืชืืจื›ื• ื”ืชื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืžืจืคืื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช ืขื•ื“ ื™ื•ืชืจ (ืขื•ื“ ืœืคื ื™ ื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื• ืžืจืคืื•ืช ืฉื‘ื”ืŸ ื”ืžืชื™ื ื• ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืœืชื•ืจ ืฉื™ืฉื” ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ืชืฉืขื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื). ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ื›ืชื‘ื” ื ืฆื™ื‘ืช ื”ืงื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ืœื—ื•ืง ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืžืžืœื›ืชื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื‘- 22.4.04 ืœืžืžื•ื ื” ืขืœ ืคื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ืœืื•ืžื™ืช, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ, ื›ื™ ื”ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื‘ื• ื”ื•ืคืกืง ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื”ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™ ื‘ืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ ื”ืงื•ืคื” ื‘ืœื™ ืœื”ืชืจื™ืข ืขืœ ื›ืš ืžืจืืฉ, ื‘ืœื™ ืœืืคืฉืจ ืœืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื ืœื”ื™ืคืจื“ ืžืŸ ื”ืžื˜ืคืœื™ื ื•ื‘ืœื™ ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืื•ืชื ื›ืจืื•ื™ ืœืžื˜ืคืœื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ื”ื•ื "ื‘ืœืชื™ ืจืื•ื™ ื‘ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืžืขื˜ื” ื•ืžื”ื•ื•ื” ื”ืคืจื” ืฉืœ ื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืงื•ืคื” ืœืžืชืŸ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืื™ื›ื•ืช ืกื‘ื™ืจื” ื•ืขืœื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืœื• ื”ืฉืœื›ื•ืช ื—ืžื•ืจื•ืช". ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ื—ืžื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ืคืขื•ืœืช ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืขืžื“ื” ื’ื ื”ืกืžื ื›"ืœื™ืช ืœืคื™ืงื•ื— ืขืœ ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื•ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ืฉื‘ืžืฉืจื“. ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ื”ื™ื ื›ืชื‘ื” ืœืžื ื›"ืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื‘ - 4.12.05 , ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ, ืฉ"ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื”ืงื•ืคื” ื”ื™ื ื” ื”ืคืจื” ื‘ื•ื˜ื” ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืง ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืžืžืœื›ืชื™, ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื“ื™ ืขื‘ื™ืจื” ืคืœื™ืœื™ืช ื•ื™ืฉ ื‘ื” ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ืฉืœ ืื˜ื™ืžื•ืช ื›ืœืคื™ ืงื‘ื•ืฆืช ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื” ื—ืœืฉื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืฉืื™ื ื” ืžืกื•ื’ืœืช ืœื™ื™ืฆื’ ืืช ืขืฆืžื” ื•ืœื”ื’ืŸ ืขืœ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื”. ืœื ืœืžื•ืชืจ ืœืฆื™ื™ืŸ, ื›ื™ ื‘ื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ ืฉื ื•ื”ืœ ื ื’ื“ ื”ืงื•ืคื”, ื ืื•ืชื” ืงื•ืคืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืœืกืคืง ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืœืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื ื”ื‘ื•ื“ื“ื™ื ืฉืชื‘ืขื• ืื•ืชื” ืืš ื”ืžืฉื™ื›ื” ืœืฉืœื•ืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืžื™ืชืจ ื”ืžื˜ื•ืคืœื™ื. ื‘ื›ืš ื”ื•ืกื™ืคื” ื”ืงื•ืคื” ืœื”ืคืจ ืืช ื”ื—ื• ืง ื”ืคืจื” ื ื•ืกืคืช, ื›ืืฉืจ ืขืœ ืฉืœื™ืœืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืฉืœื ื›ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื ื”ื•ืกื™ืคื” ืืช ืืคืœื™ื™ืชื ืœืจืขื” ืฉืœ ืžืจื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื". ืขื•ื“ ื›ืชื‘ื” ื”ืกืžื ื›"ืœื™ืช ื›ื™ ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ื“ื™ื•ื ื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื™ืฉื•ื ื”ืกื›ื ื”ื”ื‘ืจืื” ืฉื ื—ืชื ืขื ื”ืงื•ืคื” ื‘ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 200326 ื”ื™ื ืืžืจื” ื›ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืœืงื•ืคื” ืืช ื™ืชืจืช ื›ืกืคื™ ื”ืกื›ื ื”ื”ื‘ืจืื”, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืฉืœืœื” ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืžืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื”. ื”ืกืžื ื›"ืœื™ืช ื‘ื™ืงืฉื” ืœืงื™ื™ื ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืฉื‘ื” ื™ืฉืชืชืคื• ื ืฆื™ื’ื™ื ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ .__________________ .26 ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ืกื›ื ื”ื‘ืจืื” ื”ื•ืขื‘ืจื• ืœืœืื•ืžื™ืช200 .ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื—. ืจืื• ื’ื ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช 409 . ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ, ื•ื™ื™ื‘ื—ื ื• ื‘ื” ื”ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืฉื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉื. ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื›ื–ืืช ืœื ื”ืชืงื™ื™ืžื”. 2. ื—ื•ืง ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืžืžืœื›ืชื™ ืžืืคืฉืจ ืœื ืงื•ื˜ ื›ืžื” ื•ื›ืžื” ืืžืฆืขื™ื ื ื’ื“ ืงื•ืคืช ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืืฉืจ ืื™ื ื” ืžืงื™ื™ืžืช ืืช ื”ื•ืจืื•ืชื™ื•. ื‘ืกืขื™ืฃ 37 ืœื—ื•ืง ื ืงื‘ืข ืฉืื ืžื ื›"ืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืกื‘ื•ืจื›ื™ ืงื•ืคืช ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื›ืœืฉื”ื™ ืื™ื ื” ืžืงื™ื™ืžืช ืืช ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืง ืื• ืฉืื™ื ื” ืคื•ืขืœืช ื›ืจืื•ื™ ืื• ืฉื™ืฉ ื—ืฉืฉ ืฉืœื ืชื•ื›ืœ ืœืชืช ืœื—ื‘ืจื™ื” ืืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ืœื”ื ืขืœ ืคื™ ื—ื•ืง ื–ื”, ื”ื•ื ืจืฉืื™ ืœื ืงื•ื˜ ืืžืฆืขื™ื ื ื’ื“ื”, ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ, ืœืฉืœื•ื— ืžื›ืชื‘ ื”ืชืจืื”, ืœื›ื ืก ืืช ื”ื“ื™ืจืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื•ืŸ ื•ืœืžื ื•ืช ื•ืขื“ื” ื‘ื•ื“ืงืช. ืขื•ื“ ื ืงื‘ืข ื‘ื—ื•ืง ื›ื™ ืฉืจ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืจืฉืื™ ืœื ืงื•ื˜ ืืžืฆืขื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื, ื•ื‘ื”ื ื”ืฉืขื™ื™ืช ื ื•ืฉืื™ ืžืฉืจื” ื‘ืงื•ืคื”, ืžื™ื ื•ื™ ื—ืฉื‘ ืžืœื•ื•ื”, ืžื™ื ื•ื™ ืžื ื”ืœ ืžื•ืจืฉื” ื•ืืฃ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื”ื”ื›ืจื” ื‘ืงื•ืคื”. ืœืžืจื•ืช ื”ืืžืฆืขื™ื ื”ืงื‘ื•ืขื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ืง ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืฉืขืฉื” ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขืœืชื” ืฉื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื ื ืงื˜ ืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื. ืจืืฉ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ื ื•ื ืฆื™ื‘ืช ื”ืงื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ืœื—ื•ืง ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืžืžืœื›ืชื™ ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ืฉืœื—ื• ืœืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื›ืžื” ืžื›ืชื‘ื™ื ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ, ืืš ื–ื” ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืฉื ืขืฉื”. ื™ืชืจ ืขืœ ื›ืŸ, ื‘ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 2004 ื”ืกื›ื™ื ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืœืœืื•ืžื™ืช200 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ื ื™ ืฉ"ื— ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ืกื›ื ื”ื‘ืจืื” ืฉื ื—ืชื ืขืžื”, ืื‘ืœ ื”ื•ื ืœื ื”ืชื ื” ื–ืืช ื‘ื“ืจื™ืฉื” ืœื—ื“ืฉ ืืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ. ื™ืฆื•ื™ืŸ ืฉื”ื ื•ืฉื ืขืœื” ื’ื ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืฉืœ ื•ืขื“ืช ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื” ืฉืงื™ื™ืžื” ืžื•ืขืฆืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช 27 ื‘- 23.2.05 ,, ืฉื‘ื” ื”ืฉืชืชืคื• ืฉืจ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœืฉืขื‘ืจ ืžืจ ื“ื ื™ ื ื•ื” ื•ื”ืžื ื›"ืœ. ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื” ื˜ืขื ื”, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ ืฉืงื•ืคื” ื”ื‘ื ื•ื™ื” ืขืœ ื›ืกืคื™ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืื™ื ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ืœืขืฆืžื”, ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื” ื”ื—ืœืฉื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ืœืขืงืจ "ื‘ื“ืจืš ืžื ื™ืคื•ืœื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช ืืช ื”ืžืื‘ืง ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™. ื”ื•ืขื“ื” ืžืฆืคื” ืžืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืฉื™ืคืขื™ืœ ืกื ืงืฆื™ื•ืช ื ื’ื“ ื”ืงื•ืคื”". ื‘ืื•ืชื” ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืงื‘ืข ื”ืฉืจ ืฉ"ืื™ืŸ ืกืคืง ืฉื–ื• ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื‘ืœืชื™ ื ืกื‘ืœืช". ื”ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืข ืชืงื•ื•ื” ืฉื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ืชืกืชื™ื™ื ื”ืฉื ื” ื•ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื›ื™ "ื›ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ื’ื•ืจื ืฉืชื”ื™ื” ืœื• ืกืžื›ื•ืช ืขืจื›ื™ืช ื•ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœื‘ื•ื ืœืงื•ืคื” ื•ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืžืฆืขื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœืืœืฆื” ืœืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ืชื ืื™ื. ื‘ื—ื•ืง ืงื™ื™ื ืจืง ืกืขื™ืฃ 37 ืฉื–ื”ื• ืžืขื™ืŸ 'ื ืฉืง ืื˜ื•ืžื™'. ื”ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืชื—ื™ืงืชื™". 3. ื‘ืžืื™ 2006 , ืขื•ื“ ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช, ืคื ื” ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืœืžื ื›"ืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื—ืฉืฉ ืฉื ืคื’ืขื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ ืฉืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื”ืคืกื™ืงื” ืœื˜ืคืœ ื‘ื”ื ื™ื™ืคื’ืขื•. ื”ืžื ื›"ืœ ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืฉื›ืืฉืจ ื ื•ื“ืข ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืฉืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื”ืคืกื™ืงื” ืืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื” ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ, ื”ื•ื ืคื ื” ืืœื™ื” ื•ื ื™ืกื” ืœืฉื›ื ืข ืื•ืชื” ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื—ืœื˜ืชื”. ืžืฉื”ืกืชื‘ืจ ื›ื™ ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ ืฉืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืชืฉื ื” ืืช ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ืงืœื•ืฉ, ื”ื—ืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื‘ื”ื›ื ืช ื”ืชืฉืชื™ืช ืœื ืงื™ื˜ืช ืืžืฆืขื™ื ืœืคื™ ืกืขื™ืฃ 37 ื”ื "ืœ. ื”ืžื ื›"ืœ ืฆื™ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ื”ื”ืœื™ืš ื›ื•ืœืœ ืกื“ืจื” ืฉืœืžื” ืฉืœ ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืงื™ื™ื ื‘ืžืœื•ืื ืœืคื ื™ ืฉืชื”ื™ื” ืœืฉืจ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืกืžื›ื•ืช ืœื ืงื•ื˜ ืืช ื”ืืžืฆืขื™ื ื”ื ืงื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืื•ืชื• ืกืขื™ืฃ. ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ื”ื•ืขื‘ืจื” ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ืื ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ืœืฉืจ ืœืฉืขื‘ืจ, ื“ื ื™ ื ื•ื”. ื”ืฉืจ, ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืฉืงืœ ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื, ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ ื›ื™ ืื ื™ื™ื ืงื˜ื• ื ื’ื“ ื”ืงื•ืคื” ื”ืืžืฆืขื™ื ื”ืงื‘ื•ืขื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ืง, ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืœื ื™ืขืœื” ื‘ืงื ื” ืื—ื“ ืขื ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื”ืจืคื•ืจืžื” ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื—ื™ืช ื”ืžืชื•ื›ื ื ืช ื‘ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ28 ., ืฉื‘ืขืช ื”ื”ื™ื ื ืขืฉื• ืžืืžืฆื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืœื”ืฉืœื™ืžื” ื”ืžื ื›"ืœ ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื›ื™ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืชืžืš ื‘ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืง ืฉืœืคื™ื”ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืœืื›ื•ืฃ ืงื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ืฉืœ ื ืฆื™ื‘ืช ื”ืงื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ (ืกืขื™ืฃ 46 ื ืœื—ื•ืง ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืžืžืœื›ืชื™), ื•ืžื™ื ื•ืืจ 2006 ื”ืžื‘ื•ื˜ื— ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืžืžืŸ "ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืฉืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื ืžื ืขื•ืช ืžืœืกืคืง ืฉืœื ื›ื—ื•ืง, ืžืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืงื•ืคื”, ื‘ืขืช ืจื›ื™ืฉื” ืคืจื˜ื™ืช ืฉืœื”ื". .__________________ .27 .ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืฉื”ื•ืงืžื” ืœืคื™ ื—ื•ืง ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืžืžืœื›ืชื™ ื•ืชืคืงื™ื“ื” ืœื™ื™ืขืฅ ืœืฉืจ ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื 28 .ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืœืžืชืŸ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ืžื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื 410 ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™57ื‘ .ืืฉืจ ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืกืขื™ืฃ ื‘ื—ื•ืง - ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขื™ืจ ืœืžื ื›"ืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืฉื”ืกืžื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืœืื›ื•ืฃ ืืช ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ื”ื ืฆื™ื‘ื” ื—ืœื•ืช ืจืง ืขืœ ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืชื™ื” ืž- 1.1.06 ,ื•ืื™ืœืš ื”ืžื•ืขื“ ืฉื”ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ืœื—ื•ืง ื ื›ื ืก ืœืชื•ืงืฃ. ื–ืืช ื•ืขื•ื“, ืงืฉื” ืœื”ื ื™ื— ืฉื ืคื’ืขื™ ื ืคืฉ ืจื‘ื™ื ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœื™ื–ื•ื ืืช ื”ื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื“ืจื•ืฉ ืœืžื™ืฆื•ื™ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื”ื, ืฉื›ืŸ ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื”ืœื™ืš ืžื•ืจื›ื‘: ืขืœ ื”ืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื ืขืฆืžื ืœืคื ื•ืช ืœื ืฆื™ื‘ื” ื•ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ืื™ืฉื•ืจื” ืฉืชืœื•ื ื•ืชื™ื”ื ืžื•ืฆื“ืงื•ืช. ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ืขืœื™ื”ื ืœืคื ื•ืช ืœืžื ื”ืœ (ืžื ื›"ืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืื• ืžื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ืกืžื™ืš ืœื›ืš) ื•ืœื‘ืงืฉ ืœืื›ื•ืฃ ืืช ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ื”ื ืฆื™ื‘ื”, ื•ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ืขืœื™ื”ื ืœืจื›ื•ืฉ ืืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื‘ืขืฆืžื. ื–ืืช ื•ืขื•ื“, ื”ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ืฆืข ื”ื•ื ืคืจื˜ื ื™, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืคืชื•ืจ ื›ืจืื•ื™ ื‘ืขื™ื” ืžืขืจื›ืชื™ืช. ื™ืฉ ืœืฆื™ื™ืŸ ื’ื ืฉื”ืฆืขื“ ืฉื ืงื˜ื” ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื™ืฆืจ ื”ืคืœื™ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื‘ื›ืš ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืœื” ืœื—ืกื•ืš ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื, ืฉื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื ืœื ื ืชื ื” ืœืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื” ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืฉื”ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ืื—ืจื•ืช ื”ื•ืกื™ืคื• ืœืชืช. ืœืžืขื˜ ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืกื•ืช ืœื ื•ืฉื ื‘ืžื•ืขืฆืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื‘ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ 2005 ืฉืœ ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื” ืœื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื” ื›ืืžื•ืจ ืœืขื™ืœ, ื•ื›ืŸ ืžืกืคืจ ื“ื™ื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“, ืœื ื ืžืฆืื• ื›ืœ ืžืกืžื›ื™ื ืžื“ื™ื•ื ื™ื ืฉื ืขืจื›ื• ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื–ื” ืขื ื”ืฉืจ ืœืฉืขื‘ืจ ืžืจ ื“ื ื™ ื ื•ื”. ืขื ื”ืฉืจ ืœืฉืขื‘ืจ ืžืจ ื™ืขืงื‘ ืื“ืจื™ ืœื ื ืขืจื›ื• ื›ืœืœ ื“ื™ื•ื ื™ื ื‘ื ื•ืฉื, ืืฃ ืฉื“ื™ื•ื ื™ื ื›ืืœื” ื”ื™ื• ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ื™ื. ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื• ืžื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 2006 ืžืกืจ ื”ืฉืจ ืœืฉืขื‘ืจ ืžืจ ื“ื ื™ ื ื•ื” ื›ื™ ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื”ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ืœืคื™ ืกืขื™ืฃ37 ืœื—ื•ืง ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืžืžืœื›ืชื™ "ืกื‘ื•ืš ื•ืžืกื•ืจื‘ืœ... ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืืฃ ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ื•ื–ื ื”ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ืื™ื ื• ืฉื•ืœื˜ ื‘ื”ื›ืจื— ื‘ืชื•ืฆืื•ืชื™ื”ื". ื”ืฉืจ ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื›ื™ ื”ืชืงื™ื™ืžื• ื“ื™ื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ื” ื•"ืื•ืžื ื, ืขื“ื™ืฃ ื”ื™ื” ืื™ืœื• ื‘ื–ืžื ื• ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ืœื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื• ืžื•ืขืœื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื‘". ื”ืฉืจ ืœืฉืขื‘ืจ ืžืจ ื™ืขืงื‘ ืื“ืจื™ ื›ืชื‘ ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื• ืžืื•ืชื• ื—ื•ื“ืฉ, ืฉืชืงื•ืคืช ื›ื”ื•ื ืชื• ื›ืฉืจ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื‘ื™ืŸ 23.1.06 ืœ- 7.5.06 , ื•ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ืกืงื™ืจื•ืช ื•ืคื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ื”ื”ื™ื›ืจื•ืช ืฉืœื• ืขื ื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื•ื‘ืื• ืœื™ื“ื™ืขืชื•, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ, ื’ื ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ืœื™ื ืฉื”ื ื—ื• ืืช ืงื•ื“ืžื™ื• ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื” ืคืกืงืช ืžืชืŸ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ืืžื‘ื•ืœื˜ื•ืจื™ื™ื ื”ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™ื™ื ืœืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ ืงื•ืคืช ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ืช, ื•ื”ื•ื ืœื ืจืื” ืžืงื•ื ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืžื”ื—ืœื˜ืช ืงื•ื“ืžื™ื•. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืฉืžืื—ืจ ื•ืœื“ืขืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“, ื ืงื™ื˜ืช ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ืœืคื™ ืกืขื™ืฃ 37 ืกื‘ื•ื›ื” ื•ืžืกื•ืจื‘ืœืช, ืขืœื™ื• ืœืฉืงื•ืœ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื—ืงื™ืงื” ื’ื ืœืกืขื™ืฃ ื–ื” ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื• ื›ืœื™ื ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ืžืขื™ืŸ ืืœื”. .ืืจื’ื•ืŸ, ื›ืกืคื™ื ื•ื‘ืงืจื” .ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ืขื ื™ื–ืžื™ื ื—ื•ื–ื™ื: ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชืงืฉืจ ืขื ื™ื–ืžื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืกืคืงื• ืœื• ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื. ืœื ื›ืœ ื”ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ืขื•ื’ื ื• ื‘ื—ื•ื–ื™ื. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื ื—ืชื ืขืœ ื”ื—ื•ื–ื™ื ืขืœื•ืœื” ืœืžื ื•ืข ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ ื”ื•ืœื ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืื ื™ื•ืคืจื• ื”ืชื ืื™ื. ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื: ื‘ืขืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืจื•ื‘ ื”ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืขื ื”ื™ื–ืžื™ื ื•ืขื ืืœื” ืฉืกื™ืคืงื• ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื ืขืฉื• ืฉืœื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื. ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื”ืงืคื™ื“ ืœืขืจื•ืš ืืช ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื• ืขื ืžืกืคืงื™ ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืžื›ืจื– ืื• ื‘ื”ืœื™ืš ืžืกื•ื“ืจ ืฉืœ ืคื˜ื•ืจ ืžืžื›ืจื–, ื”ื›ื•ืœ ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœื—ื•ืง ื—ื•ื‘ืช ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื, ื”ืชืฉื  "ื‘- 1992 ื•ื”ืชืงื ื•ืช ืฉืขืœ ืคื™ื•. ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช 411 . ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ื ืœืžืคืขื™ืœื™ ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ื—ืŸ ืืช ืกื“ืจื™ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ื ื”ื•ื’ื™ื ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ื ืœืžืคืขื™ืœื™ ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื. ืœื”ืœืŸ ืžื•ื‘ืื™ื ื”ืžืžืฆืื™ื: ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื•ื•ืขื“ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืžืืฉืจืช ืœื ื›ื” ื”ื ืคืฉ ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื”ืžืคืจื˜ืช ืืช ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื29 ื”ืžืชืื™ืžื•ืช ืœื•, ื”ื•ื ืค ื•ื ื” ืœืืชืจ ืืช ื”ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ืคืจื˜ื ื™ืช ืฉื”ื•ืฆืขื” ืœื•. ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืืชืจ ืžืกื’ืจืช ื›ื–ื• ื•ืžืฆื˜ืจืฃ ืืœื™ื”, ื”ื™ื–ื ื”ืžืคืขื™ืœ ืื•ืชื” ืฉื•ืœื— ืœื•ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืœืืฉืจ ืœื• ืชืฉืœื•ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืื•ืชื• ืื“ื. ืจื›ื–ืช ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื” ื ื•ืชื ืช ืœื™ื–ื ืืช ื”ืื™ืฉื•ืจ (ืฉืชืงืฃ ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ืฉื ื”). ืคืจื˜ื™ ื”ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ื’ื ืœืžื—ืœืงื” ืœืžื™ื“ืข ื•ืœื”ืขืจื›ื” ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ื”ืžื—ืœืงื” ืœืžื™ื“ืข). ืžื ื”ืœืช ื”ืžื—ืœืงื” ืœืžื™ื“ืข ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจื” ืฉืขืงื‘ ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ืกื•ื“ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืชืงืžื™ื ื‘ืžืขืจืš ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ, ื ืจืฉืžื™ื ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืขืœื™ื”ื ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืžืžื•ื—ืฉื‘ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžื—ืœืงื”, ื•ืื™ืœื• ื”ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ื ืœื™ื–ืžื™ื ืžื‘ื•ืฆืขื™ื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืžืขืจื›ืช ืื—ืจืช - "ืžืจื›ื‘"ื”"30.. ื”ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ื•ื ื”ืฉืœื‘ ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ ืฉืขืœ ืคื™ื• ืžืฉืœืžื™ื ืœื™ื–ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ืชืฉืœื•ื, ื”ื™ื–ื ืžื’ื™ืฉ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื“ื™ ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืจืฉื™ืžื” ืฉืœ ืžืฉืชืงืžื™ื ืฉืฉื”ื• ื‘ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืคืขื™ืœ, ื•ื›ืœื•ืœื™ื ื‘ื” ื”ื™ืžื™ื ืฉืฉื”ื• ื”ืžืฉืชืงืžื™ื ื‘ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื. ืืช ื”ืจืฉื™ืžื” ื”ื•ื ืฉื•ืœื— ืœืžื—ืœืงื” ืœืžื™ื“ืข, ื•ื”ืขืชืงื™ื - ืœืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื•ืœื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“. ืœื”ืขืชืงื™ื ื”ื•ื ืžืฆืจืฃ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ืช. ื‘ืžื—ืœืงื” ืœืžื™ื“ืข ืืžื•ืจื™ื ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืืช ื–ื›ื ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืžืฉืชืงื ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ืฉื”ืชืงื‘ืœื• ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื (ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืจืื• ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื). ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ื”ืžื—ืœืงื” ืœืžื™ื“ืข ืจื•ืฉืžืช ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืžืžื•ื—ืฉื‘ืช ืืช ืžืกืคืจ ื”ื™ืžื™ื ืฉื›ืœ ืžืฉืชืงื ืฉื”ื” ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื. ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ืžืกื›ืžืช ืืช ืžืกืคืจ ื”ื™ืžื™ื ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืžืฉืชืงืžื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืกื’ืจืช. ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืืžื•ืจื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื ืชื•ื ื™ ื”ืžื—ืœืงื” ืœืžื™ื“ืข ื›ื“ื™ ืœืืฉืจ ืœื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ืœืฉืœื ืœื™ื–ื. .__________________ .29 ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ืื ื•ืขื“ื• ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืœืžื’ื•ืจื™ื, ืœืชืขืกื•ืงื” ืื• ืœื‘ื™ืœื•ื™ ื‘ืฉืขื•ืช ื”ืคื ืื™ - ืขืœ ืคื™ ืกื•ื’ ื”ืžืกื’ืจืช ืฉื ืงื‘ืขื”. 30 ืžืจื›ื‘"ื”- ืžืขืจื›ืช ืžื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืจื•ื—ื‘ื™ืช ื›ื•ืœืœืช ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”. 412 ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™57ื‘ .ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืžืžื•ื—ืฉื‘ืช 1. ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืฉืขืฉื” ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขืœืชื” ืฉื‘ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ืชืฉืœื•ื ืœื™ื–ื ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืื™ื ื• ื‘ื•ื“ืง ืืช ืคืจื˜ื™ ื›ืœ ืžืฉืชืงื, ืœืžืขื˜ ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืคืจื˜ื™ ืžืฉืชืงืžื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื, ื•ืขืงื‘ ื›ืš ื”ื•ื ืžืฉืœื ืœื™ื–ืžื™ื ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืชืงืฃ ืœืฉื™ืง ื•ื. ืœืžืฉืœ, ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ื™ื ื•ืืจ -ื™ื•ื ื™ 2006 ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืœื› - 8,500 ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื 31 (ืžื›- 26,400 ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืฆืจื™ื›ื•ืช ืื™ืฉื•ืจ 32) ืื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ืชืงืคื™ื. ื™ืฆื•ื™ืŸ ืฉ - 8,500 ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื”ืืœื” ืขื•ืœื•ืช ืœืžื“ื™ื ื” ืขืฉืจื•ืช ืžื™ืœื™ื•ื ื™ ืฉ"ื—33 . ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขื™ืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืฉืขืœื™ื• ืœืฉืœื ืœื™ื–ืžื™ื ืจืง ืื ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ืื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ืชืงืคื™ื. ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื• ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 2006 ื”ื•ื“ื™ืข ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืฉืžื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 2006 .ื™ืงืœื•ื˜ ืžืขืจืš ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืจืง ื ืชื•ื ื™ ืžืฉืชืงืžื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืชืงืฃ 2. ื ืžืฆื ืฉื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ืฉื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืขื•ืฉื” ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืกื›ื•ื ืฉื”ื™ื–ื ื“ื•ืจืฉ ื ื•ื’ืขืช ืœื”ืชืืžืช ื”ืกื›ื•ื ื”ืจืฉื•ื ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ืช ืœืžืกืคืจ ื”ื™ืžื™ื ืฉืื•ืฉืจื• ืœื™ ื–ื ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ื”ื–ืžื ืช ื”ืจื›ืฉ ื”ื—ืฆื™-ืฉื ืชื™ืช 34 . ื’ื ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ืื™ื ื ื” ืžืงืคื™ื“ื” ืืคื•ื ืœืฉืœื ืœื™ื–ืžื™ื ืจืง ื›ืืฉืจ ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืชืงืฃ. ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื• ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 2006 ืžืกืจ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื›ื™ ื”ืชืฉืœื•ื ื‘ืœื ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื”ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื’ื“ืจ ืคืขื•ืœื” ื–ืžื ื™ืช. ืขื“ ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 2006 ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืžื—ืกื•ืจ ื‘ื›ื•ื— ืื“ื ื•ืขื™ื›ื•ื‘ื™ื ืฉืœ ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื‘ืชืฉืœื•ื ืื™ืฉืจ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœืฉืœื ืœื™ื–ืžื™ื "ืชื•ืš ื”ื ื—ื™ื” ืœื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืžืื•ื—ืจืช ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœื”ืชืืžืช ื”ืชืฉืœื•ื ืœื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื". ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืฉื›ื“ื™ ืœืžื ื•ืข ื—ื™ืœื•ืงื™ ื“ืขื•ืช ืขื ื”ื™ื–ืžื™ื ืื• ืืฃ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืืชืจ ื“ืจื™ืฉื•ืช ืชืฉืœื•ื ื”ื—ืฉื•ื“ื•ืช ื›ื›ื•ื–ื‘ื•ืช (ืจืื• ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš) ื™ืฉ ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืžืจืืฉ ืฉื›ืœ ืกื›ื•ื ื™ืฉื•ืœื ืจืง ื›ืืฉืจ ืœื™ื–ื ื™ืฉ ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืชืงืฃ. 3. ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื•ืช ืฉืขืฉื” ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขืœื• ืฉื™ืฉ ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ื ืฉืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืžืืคืฉืจ ืœืฉืœืžื ืืฃ ืฉืžืขื•ืœื ืœื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื ืื™ืฉื•ืจ. ืœื”ืœืŸ ื”ืžืžืฆืื™ื: ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ 2006 ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืœืคื—ื•ืช385 ืžืฉืชืงืžื™ื ืฉื ื›ื ืกื• ืœืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืืœื” ืขื•ื“ ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื ืช 2001 - ืžื•ืขื“ ื›ื ื™ืกืช ื—ื•ืง ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืœืชื•ืงืฃ. ื”ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ื ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ืžืฉืชืงืžื™ื ืืœื” ื ืขืฉื™ื ื‘ืœื™ ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื (ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืžื•ืขื“ื•ืŸ ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ ืœืžื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื) ืฉื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืื™ื ื• ื“ื•ืจืฉ ืžื”ื™ื–ื ืœืงื‘ืœ ืžืจืืฉ ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืชืฉืœื•ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืฉื”ื™ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืชืงืžื™ื ื‘ื”ืŸ. ื›ืš ืœืžืฉืœ ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ื™ื ื•ืืจ 2005 - ื™ื•ืœื™ 2006 ืฉื™ืœื ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื›-6.8 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื— ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ื›- 4,500 .ืžืฉืชืงืžื™ื ืฉืขืœ ืคื™ ื“ื™ื•ื•ื—ื™ ื”ื™ื–ืžื™ื ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืฉื”ื• ื‘ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื›ืืœื” ืืฆืœื .__________________ .31 ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื›- 5,800 ืžืฉืชืงืžื™ื (ืžื›- 12,000 ืžืฉืชืงืžื™ื) ื”ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘- 8,500 .ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื 32 ื™ืฉ ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉืื™ื ืŸ ื–ืงื•ืงื•ืช ืœืื™ืฉื•ืจ, ืœืžืฉืœ ืžื•ืขื“ื•ืŸ ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ ืœืžื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื (ืจืื• ื’ื ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื). 33 ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืขืจื›ื” ื›ืกืคื™ืช, ืžืฉืชืงืžื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื”ื™ื ื‘ื›- 2,450 ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืžื™ื ื•ืืจ 2005 ื•ืื™ืœืš ืขื•ืœื™ื ืœืžื“ื™ื ื” ื›-17.7 ,ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื—. ื›ืœื•ืžืจ 8,500 .ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืขื•ืœื•ืช ืœื” ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ 34 ื‘ื”ืชื‘ืกืก ืขืœ ื“ื™ื•ื•ื—ื™ ื”ืขื‘ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื–ืžื™ื ืžื ืคื™ืง ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื›ืœ ื™ื–ื ื”ื–ืžื ืช ืจื›ืฉ ื—ืฆื™-ืฉื ืชื™ืช ืฉืžืื•ืฉืจืช ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ืจืืฉ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช. ื™ื–ื ืฉื—ื•ืจื’ ืžื”ืžืกื’ืจืช ืฉื ืงื‘ืขื” ืœื• ื ื—ืกื ื‘ืžื—ืฉื‘ ืข"ื™ ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช. ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช 413 . ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขื™ืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืฉื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉืžืฉืชืงืžื™ื ืฉื•ื”ื™ื ื‘ื”ืŸ ืœืœื ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืื™ื ืŸ ืžืชืื™ืžื•ืช ืœื”ื ื›ืœืœ, ื•ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœื•ืœ ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ื™ื ืฉืœื”ื ืœื”ืฉืชืงื. ืœื›ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืืช ืขื ื™ื™ื ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืชืงืžื™ื ื”ืืœื” ืœื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืžื”ืจ ื›ื›ืœ ื”ืืคืฉืจ, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื™ืงื‘ืขื• ืœื”ื ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื”ืžืชืื™ืžื•ืช ืœื”ื. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืื™ืœื• ืžืฉืชืงืžื™ื ืฉื”ื• ื‘ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื•ืื ื”ื ื–ื›ืื™ื ืœื›ืš. ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื• ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 2006 ืžืกืจ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื›ื™ "ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืคื•ืขืœ ืœื”ื‘ืืช ื”ืžืฉืชืงืžื™ื ื”ื•ืชื™ืงื™ื ืœืคื ื™ ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืขื“ ืกื•ืฃ ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ 2007 ". ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉืื™ืŸ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื“ื•ืจืฉ ื‘ืขื‘ื•ืจืŸ ืžืจืืฉ ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื›ืชื ืื™ ืœืชืฉืœื•ื ื”ื•ื“ื™ืข ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื›ื™ ื™ืงื™ื™ื ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื. ื“ืจื™ืฉื•ืช ืชืฉืœื•ื ื›ื•ื–ื‘ื•ืช ืžืื—ืจ ืฉื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืื™ื ื• ืžื‘ื™ื ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืืช ื ืชื•ื ื™ ื”ืžื—ืœืงื” ืœืžื™ื“ืข ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืชืืžืช ื“ื™ื•ื•ื—ื™ ื”ื™ื–ื ืœืื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ื”ืชืงืคื™ื ืฉืœ ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื”ืื–ื•ืจื™ื•ืช, ื•ืžืื—ืจ ืฉื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืื™ื ื• ืžืงืคื™ื“ ืœืฉืœื ืœื™ื–ื ืจืง ื›ืืฉืจ ื™ืฉ ืœื• ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืชืงืฃ, ื”ื™ื–ืžื™ื ืขืœื•ืœื™ื ืœื“ืจื•ืฉ ื•ืœืงื‘ืœ ืชืฉืœื•ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืฉื”ื ืœื ืกื™ืคืงื• ืื• ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืฉื”ืชืฉืœื•ื ื‘ื’ื™ื ืŸ ื’ื‘ื•ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื”ืชืฉืœื•ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉืื•ืฉืจื• ืœืžืฉืชืงื. ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื• ืžืงืจื™ื ื›ืืœื”: 1. ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ื™ื ื•ืืจ 2005 - ื™ื•ื ื™ 2006 ื“ืจืฉื• ื™ื–ืžื™ื ืชืฉืœื•ื ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ืฉื ื™ ืกื•ื’ื™ ืžื’ื•ืจื™ื ืฉืกื™ืคืงื• ื›ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืื•ืชื 18 ืžืฉืชืงืžื™ื ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื–ืžืŸ. ื”ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ื ื”ืขื•ื“ืคื™ื ื”ืกืชื›ืžื• ื‘ื›- 61,000 ืฉ"ื—; ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื–ืžืŸ ื“ืจืฉื• ื™ื–ืžื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ืชืฉืœื•ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื“ื™ื•ืจ ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉืกื™ืคืงื• ื›ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืื•ืชื ืฉืžื•ื ื” ืžืฉืชืงืžื™ื. ื”ืกื›ื•ื ื”ืขื•ื“ืฃ ื”ื™ื” ื› - 40,000 .ืฉ"ื— 2. ื”ืชื‘ืจืจ ืฉื’ื ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืžืฆื ื“ื™ื•ื•ื—ื™ื ื›ื•ื–ื‘ื™ื ืฉืœ ื™ื–ืžื™ื: ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืคืชืข ืฉืขืฉื” ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 2004 ื‘ืื—ืช ืžืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื, ืขืœื” ื—ืฉื“ ืฉืœ ื“ื™ื•ื•ื—ื™ื ื›ื•ื–ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืกื›ื•ื ืฉืœ ื› - 700,000 ืฉ"ื—. ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื’ื™ืฉ ืชืœื•ื ื” ืœืžืฉื˜ืจืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื•ื‘ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 2005 ื”ืขื‘ื™ืจื” ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจื” ืืช ืชื™ืง ื”ื—ืงื™ืจื” ืœืคืจืงืœื™ื˜ื•ืช; ื‘ืžืงืจื” ืื—ืจ ื”ืชื‘ืจืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื‘ืžืื™ 2006 ืฉืื—ื“ ื”ื™ื–ืžื™ื ื”ืžืกืคืง ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืงื™ื‘ืœ ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ื ืขื•ื“ืคื™ื ืฉืœ ื› - 350,000 ืฉ"ื— ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ื“ื™ื•ื•ื— ื›ื•ื–ื‘ ืขืœ ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืฉื”ืชืฉืœื•ื ืขื‘ื•ืจืŸ ื’ื‘ื•ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื”ืชืฉืœื•ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉืื•ืฉืจื• ื‘ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื. ื‘ืžืงืจื” ื–ื” ื”ืกืชืคืง ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื‘ืงื™ื–ื•ื– ืฉืœ ื›- 145,000 .ืฉ"ื— ืžื”ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ื ื”ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ืœื™ื–ื ื–ื” ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขื™ืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืฉืขืœื™ื• ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื‘ื ื—ื™ืฉื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืžืงืจื™ื ื›ืืœื” ืœื ื™ื™ืฉื ื•. ื‘ื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ื‘ืงืจื” ื ืื•ืชื” (ืจืื• ื’ื ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš) ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ ื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉื“ื•ื•ื—ื™ื ื›ื•ื–ื‘ื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ืื™ื ื ืžืชื’ืœื™ื. ื—ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ื ืœื™ื–ืžื™ื ื›ืืžื•ืจ, ื”ื ืชื•ืŸ ืขืœ ืžืกืคืจ ื”ื™ืžื™ื ืฉ ื”ืžืฉืชืงื ืฉื”ื” ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืžืกื•ื™ืžืช ื ืจืฉื ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืžืžื•ื—ืฉื‘ืช ืฉื‘ืžื—ืœืงื” ืœืžื™ื“ืข, ื•ืื™ืœื• ื—ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ืกื›ื•ื ื”ืžื’ื™ืข ืœื™ื–ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื”ืืœื” ื ืขืฉื” ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ืžืจื›ื‘"ื”. 414 ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™57ื‘ .ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืจืื•ื™ ืฉืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื™ืฉืงื•ืœ ืœื”ื–ื™ืŸ ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืžืžื•ื—ืฉื‘ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžื—ืœืงื” ืœืžื™ื“ืข ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืฉื™ืืคืฉืจื• ืœื—ืฉื‘ ื‘ื” ืืช ื”ืกื›ื•ื ื”ื›ืกืคื™ ื”ืžื“ื•ื™ืง ื”ืžื’ื™ืข ืœื™ื–ืžื™ื, ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ื”ืชืงืคื™ื ืฉื‘ืจืฉื•ืชื. ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื• ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 2006 ืžืกืจ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืฉื™ื•ืงื ืฆื•ื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ ืžื”ื ืฆื™ื’ื™ื ื”ื ื•ื’ืขื™ื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ืžืฉืจื“; ืžืฉืชืชืคื™ื• "ื™ื’ื“ื™ืจื• ืืช ื”ืฆืจื›ื™ื ื•ื™ืืคื™ื™ื ื• ืืช ื”ืชื•ื›ื ื” ื”ื ื“ืจืฉืช ืœื ื•ืฉื ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืชื•ืš ื›ื“ื™ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื•ื”ืคื ืžืช ื”ืขืจื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช". ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ื ืชื™ื ืช ืื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืฉื ืขืฉืชื” ื‘ื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™, ืœืขืชื™ื, ืคืจืงื™ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืฆื•ื™ื ื• ื‘ืชื“ืคื™ืกื™ ื”ืื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ืฉื ื™ืชื ื• ืœืžืฉืชืงืžื™ื ื”ื™ื• ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืžืืœื” ืฉืฆื•ื™ื ื• ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช. ืขืงื‘ ื›ืš ืžืฉืชืงื ืขืœื•ืœ ืœืฉื”ื•ืช ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ืฉืื™ื ื” ืžืชืื™ืžื” ืœื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืŸ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืงื‘ืขื” ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื”. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขื™ืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืฉื”ืฉื”ื™ื™ื” ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืŸ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืื™ืฉืจื” ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื” ืขืœื•ืœื” ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื•ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ืžื™ื•ืชืจื•ืช. ืœืคื™ื›ืš ืขืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืฉืžืงืจื™ื ื›ืืœื” ืœื ื™ื™ืฉื ื•. ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื•ื‘ืงืจื” ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืฉื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืจื•ื›ืฉ ื‘ื”ืŸ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื™ืฉ ืœืงื™ื™ื ื‘ืงืจื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืฉื”ืŸ ืคื•ืขืœื•ืช ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื›ืœืœื™ื ื•ื‘ืจืžื” ืฉืงื‘ืข ื”ืžืฉืจื“. ืื ื™ื™ืžืฆื ืฉื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืœืงื•ื™ื”, ื™ื”ื™ื” ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื”ืชืจื™ืข ืขืœ ื›ืš ื‘ืคื ื™ ื”ื™ื–ืžื™ื ื•ืœื“ืจื•ืฉ ืžื”ื ืฉื”ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ื™ืชื•ืงื ื• ื‘ืชื•ืš ืคืจืง ื–ืžืŸ ืงืฆื•ื‘. ืื ืœืžืจื•ืช ื–ืืช ื”ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ืœื ื™ืชื•ืงื ื• ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœืฉืงื•ืœ ืื ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืืช ื”ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ืช ืขืžื. ื›ืืžื•ืจ, ื™ืฉ ืœื–ื›ื•ืจ ืฉื”ืžืฉืชืงืžื™ื ื”ื ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื” ื—ืœืฉื” ื•ืคื’ื™ืขื” ืฉืื™ื ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืขืžื•ื“ ืขืœ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื”, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื”. ืืช ื”ื‘ืงืจื” ื‘ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืžืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช ืฉืฉ ืขื•ื–ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™ื ื”ืžื—ื•ื–ื™ื™ื ืœืคื™ืงื•ื— ื•ื‘ืงืจื” ื‘ืœืฉื›ื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ื”ืขื•ื–ืจื•ืช ืœื‘ืงืจื”)35 . ื ื•ืกืฃ ืขืœ ื›ืš, ืžื•ืขืกืง ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื›ืœื›ืœืŸ ืื—ื“ (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ื”ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™), ื”ืžื‘ืงืจ ืœื‘ื“ื• ืืช ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ื›ืกืคื™ ื•ืืช ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื”ืžืฉืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ื›ื•ื— ื”ืื“ื. ื”ื•ื ื’ื ื‘ื•ื“ืง ืืช ื”ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื–ืžื™ื ืฉื•ืœื—ื™ื ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื•ืื ื“ื•ื—ื•ืชื™ื”ื ื›ืคื•ืœื™ื. ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืขื•ื‘ื“ ื’ื ืžืคืงื— ืจืคื•ืื” ืืจืฆื™, ื•ื‘ืขืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ื•ื ืขืกืง, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ, ื‘ื”ื›ื ืช ืชื•ื›ื ื•ืช ื‘ืงืจื” ืžืžื•ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช. 1. : ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื”ื‘ืงืจื” ื ืžืฆื ืฉื”ื‘ืงืจื” ืœื ืžืงื•ื™ืžืช ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื. ืœืžืฉืœ, ื”ืขื•ื–ืจื•ืช ืœื‘ืงืจื” ืœื ื‘ื™ืงืจื• ื›ืœืœ ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ืกืžืš, ื—ื•ื ื›ื•ืช, ื”ืฉืœืžืช ื”ืฉื›ืœื”, ืžื•ืขื“ื•ื ื™ ืคื ืื™ ื•ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ืœืฆืขื™ืจื™ื (ืžื›ื•ืŸ ืกืืžื˜), ื”ืŸ ืœื ื‘ื™ืงืจื• ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ื“ื™ื•ืจ ืžื•ื’ืŸ ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช36, ื•ื”ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ ืœื ื‘ื™ืงืจ ืžื•ืขื“ื•ื ื™ ืชืขืกื•ืงื” ื•ืคื ืื™. ืขื•ื“ ื ืžืฆื .__________________ .35 ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ ื”ืขื•ื–ืจื•ืช ืœืงื™ื™ื ื‘ืงืจื” ื’ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืื—ืจื•ืช ืœื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ืฉื‘ืžื—ื•ื–. ืœืžืจื•ืช ื”ื’ื™ื“ื•ืœ ื”ื ื™ื›ืจ ื‘ืžืกืคืจืŸ ืฉืœ ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืœื ื”ืฉืชื ื” ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืขื•ื–ืจื•ืช ืœื‘ืงืจื”. 36 ื›ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื“ื•ืข, ื‘- 2002 .ืงื•ื™ืžื” ื‘ืงืจื” ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื–ื• ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช 415 . ืฉืขื“ ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื‘ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 2006 ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื ื‘ื“ืง ืืช ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœ ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืฉื‘ืœืฉื›ื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืžื—ื•ื–ื™ื•ืช. 2. ืชื“ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื‘ืงืจื”: ืชื“ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื‘ืงืจื” ื‘ื›-130 ื”ื”ื•ืกื˜ืœื™ื ื ืžื•ื›ื”- ื”ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ ืžื‘ืงืจ ืื•ืชื ืคืขื ื‘ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืื• ืืจื‘ืข ืฉื ื™ื, ื•ื”ืขื•ื–ืจื•ืช ืœื‘ืงืจื” ืžื‘ืงืจื•ืช ืื•ืชื ืคืขื ื‘ืฉื ื” ืื• ืฉื ืชื™ื™ื. ืœื”ืœืŸ ื“ื•ื’ืžืื•ืช ืœืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื: ื”ื™ื• ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ื”ืŸ ื ื•ื”ืœ ืžืœืื™ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืœืงื•ื™ ืฉืกื™ื›ืŸ ืืช ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืชืงืžื™ื; ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืœื ื”ืงืคื™ื“ื• ืขืœ ืชื–ื•ื ื” ื ื›ื•ื ื”; ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืคืขืœื• ื‘ืžื‘ื ื™ื ืœืงื•ื™ื™ื, ื•ื‘ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืŸ ื”ื™ื• ืกื›ื ื•ืช ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื•ืชื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžืžืฉ; ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืคืขืœื• ื‘ืชื ืื™ื ืชื‘ืจื•ืืชื™ื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื• ืขืœื•ืœื™ื ืœื–ื”ื ืืช ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ; ื‘ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืžืกื•ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ื™ื” ืคืขืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื™ื ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืฉื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื“ื•ืจืฉ; ื‘ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืžืกื•ื™ืžื•ืช ืœื ื”ื™ื• ื”ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื”ื›ืกืคื™ ื•ื”ื“ื™ื•ื•ื— ืขืœื™ื• ืชืงื™ื ื™ื; ื‘ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืžืกื•ื™ืžื•ืช ืœื ื”ืขื‘ื™ืจื• ื”ื™ื–ืžื™ื ืœืžืฉืชืงืžื™ื ื›ืกืคื™ื ืฉื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืฉื™ืœื ืœื”ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื‘ืฉืขื•ืช ื”ืคื ืื™; ื‘ืžืกื’ ืจื•ืช ืžืกื•ื™ืžื•ืช ืฉื™ืœืžื• ื”ืžืฉืชืงืžื™ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื’ื™ื ื•ืŸ ื•ืฉื™ืคื•ืฆื™ื ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื”ื™ื–ืžื™ื ื•ื›ื•'. ื”ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ืฉื ืžืฆืื• ื‘ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืžืœืžื“ื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืงื™ื™ื ื‘ื”ืŸ ื‘ืงืจื” ืฉื•ื˜ืคืช ืชื›ื•ืคื”37 . ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืฉื”ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ื™ืชื•ืงื ื• ื‘ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื•ืœื ืงื•ื˜ ืืžืฆืขื™ื ื ื’ื“ ื™ื–ืžื™ื ืฉืœื ื™ืขืฉื• ื–ืืช. 3. : ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ื”ืขื•ื–ืจื•ืช ืœื‘ืงืจื” ืฉื•ืœื—ื•ืช ืœื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืืช ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ื‘ืงืจื” ืฉืขืฉื• ื‘ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื. ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื ื”ื›ื™ืŸ ื ื•ื”ืœ ืœื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืžืขืงื‘ ืื—ืจ ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื. ื‘ื”ืขื“ืจ ื ื•ื”ืœ ืœื ื ืงื‘ืข ืžื™ ื•ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื˜ืคืœ ื‘ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ืืœื”. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ืœื ื ืงื‘ืขื• ืกื“ืจื™ ื”ืขื“ื™ืคื•ื™ื•ืช ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื. ื ื•ืกืฃ ืขืœ ื›ืš, ืœื ื”ื•ืกืงื• ืžืกืงื ื•ืช ืžืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื: ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉื ืžืฆืื• ื™ ื–ืžื™ื ืฉืœื ืชื™ืงื ื• ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื, ื’ื ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ื—ื•ื–ืจื™ื ื•ื ืฉื ื™ื, ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื ื ืงื˜ ื ื’ื“ื ืืžืฆืขื™ื ื•ืืฃ ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืœื”ืคื ื•ืช ืืœื™ื”ื ืžืฉืชืงืžื™ื. ืคืจืกื•ืžื™ื ืขืœ ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื”ื™ื• ื’ื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื™ ื”ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช. ืจืง ื‘ืžืจืก 2006 ื”ืชืงื™ื™ื ืœืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ. ืืช ื”ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื™ื–ื ื”ืžื ื›"ืœ, ื•ื”ืฉืชืชืคื• ื‘ื•, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ, ืจืืฉ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช, ื”ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™ื ื”ืžื—ื•ื–ื™ื™ื ื•ื”ืขื•ื–ืจื•ืช ืœื‘ืงืจื”. ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื•ืฆื’ื” ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื”ื‘ืงืจื” ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ื•ื ื“ื•ื ื• ื”ืฆืขื“ื™ื ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ืขื ื”ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ื”ื—ืžื•ืจื™ื ืื• ื”ื—ื•ื–ืจื™ื. ื‘ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 2006 ืงื™ื™ื ื”ืžื ื›"ืœ ืขื•ื“ ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื, ื‘ืžื”ืœื›ื• ื”ื•ืฆื’ ืกื˜ื˜ื•ืก ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื”ื•ืกื˜ืœื™ื ืฉื ืžืฆืื• ื‘ืจืžื” ื™ืจื•ื“ื”. ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ื–ื” ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืžืฉืชืชืค ื™ื ื›ื‘ืจ ืฆื™ื™ื ื• ืฉ"ืžืื– ื”ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืงื•ื“ื ื”ื™ืชื” ืชื ื•ืคื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช ื‘ืืคืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ืงืจื” ื•ื—ืฉื™ื ื’ื™ื‘ื•ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื". ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืกื›ื ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ืช ืขื ื”ื™ื–ื ืจืื•ื™ ืœื›ืœื•ืœ ืชื ืื™, ื•ืขืœ ืคื™ื• ื™ื–ื ืฉืื™ื ื• ืžืชืงืŸ ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ืฉื™ื•ื’ื“ืจื• ืžืจืืฉ ื‘ืคืจืง ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื™ื™ืงืฆื‘, ื™ื”ื™ื” ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืจืฉืื™ ืœื‘ื˜ืœ ืืช ื”ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ืช ืขืžื•. ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื•ื“ื™ืข ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ื™ื ื•ืืจ 2007 ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ืžืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ื”ืžืœืฆื”. ืขื ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื”ื™ื ืŸ ],ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื•[ ...ื–ืืช ืฆื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืืช "ื”ืงื•ืฉื™ ื”ืขืฆื•ื ื‘ืกื’ื™ืจืช ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื›ืืœื” .__________________ . 37 ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืจืื• ื’ืื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™ 56ื‘ ืฉืœ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ( 2006 '), ืขืž588; ื•ื›ืŸ ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™55 ื‘ ( 2005 ,) 'ืขืž721. 416 ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™57ื‘ .ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ ืžืื“... ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื• ืžืืคื™ื™ื ื™ื ... ืจื’ื™ืฉื™ื ื•ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื™ื... ืื™ืŸ ื”ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืงื‘ืœื ื™ื ...]ืจื’ื™ืœื™ื[ ."ืœื ืคืขื ืื ื• ืžื—ืคืฉื™ื ืืช ื”ืื™ื–ื•ื ื™ื... ื›ื“ื™ ืœื ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ืžื˜ื•ืคืœื™ื ื•ื‘ืžืฉืชืงืžื™ื 4. ื›ืคื™ืคื•ืช : ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืžื‘ืงืจื™ื ืืช ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื›ืคื•ืฃ ืœื’ื•ืจื ืื—ืจ - ื”ืขื•ื–ืจื•ืช ืœื‘ืงืจื” ื›ืคื•ืคื•ืช ืœืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™ื ื”ืžื—ื•ื–ื™ื™ื, ื”ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ ืžื‘ืงืจ ืืช ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ืฉืžืžื•ื ื” ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืžื•ืคืงื“ ืขืœื™ื” ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื›ืคื•ืฃ ืœื•, ื•ืžืคืงื— ื”ืจืคื•ืื” ื”ืืจืฆื™ ื›ืคื•ืฃ ืœืจืืฉ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช. ืžืื—ืจ ืฉื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืžื‘ืงืจื™ื ืื™ื ื ื›ืคื•ืคื™ื ื›ื•ืœื ืœืื•ืชื• ื’ื•ืจื, ื”ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื•ื”ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ืงืจื” ื•ื”ืชื•ืขืœืช ืžืžื ื” ืขืœื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ื™ืคื’ืข. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืžืœื™ืฅ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืžื” ืืคืฉืจ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ. 5. : ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื™ื ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœืฉืชืฃ ืื ืฉื™ ืžืงืฆื•ืข ื‘ื‘ืงืจื” ืขืœ ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืชื–ื•ื ื”, ื”ืชื‘ืจื•ืื”, ื”ืจื•ืงื—ื•ืช ื•ื”ืจื™ืคื•ื™ ื‘ืขื™ืกื•ืง, ืฉื›ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ื™ื ืืœื” ื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช. ืจืื•ื™ ืฉืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื™ืฉืชืฃ ืืช ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื™ื ื”ืืžื•ืจื™ื ื“ืจืš ืงื‘ืข ื‘ื‘ืงืจื” ื‘ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื. 6. ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช : ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืžืœื™ืฅ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจ ื™ืื•ืช ืœื”ื’ื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื ื™ืฆื•ืœ ืฉืœ ื”ืืžืฆืขื™ื ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื ื•ื”ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืžืžื•ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืคืขื™ืœ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉืคืจ ืืช ืžื ื’ื ื•ื ื™ ื”ื‘ืงืจื” ื•ืืช ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืฉืœื•, ืฉื›ืŸ ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื•ื›ื—ื” ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืชืŸ ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจื•ืช ืฉืขืฉื” ื‘ืขื‘ืจ. (ื) ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืœืฉื›ื•ืช ืื™ื ื ืžืงื•ืฉืจื™ื ืœืžื—ืฉื‘ ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืช. ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืฉืขืฉื” ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืชื‘ืจืจ ืฉืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉื”ืขื•ื–ืจื•ืช ืœื‘ืงืจื” ืžื–ื™ื ื•ืช ืœืžื—ืฉื‘ ืฉืœื”ืŸ ื‘ืœืฉื›ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ืฉื”ืขืœื•, ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืžื™ื“ืข ืžืงื•ื•ืŸ ( on-line ) ืขืœ ื”ื‘ืงืจื”, ืขืœ ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ืฉื ืžืฆืื• ื•ืขืœ ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ื–ืจื•ืช ืœื‘ืงืจื” ื•ืฉืœ ื”ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™. ื’ื ื”ืœืฉื›ื•ืช ืขืฆืžืŸ ืื™ื ืŸ ืžืงื•ืฉืจื•ืช ื–ื• ืœื–ื•, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืžืœื‘ื“ ืขื“ื›ื•ื ื™ื ื”ื“ื“ื™ื™ื ื‘ืขืœ ืคื”, ืื™ืŸ ืœืขื•ื–ืจื•ืช ืœื‘ืงืจื” ืžื™ื“ืข ืฉื•ื˜ืฃ ื•ืžื“ื•ื™ืง ืขืœ ื”ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ืฉื ืžืฆืื• ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจื•ืช ืฉื›ืœ ืื—ืช ืžื”ืŸ ืขืฉืชื”. ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืžื™ื“ืข ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื”ืŸ ืžืื•ื“, ืœืžืฉืœ ืžื™ื“ืข ืขืœ ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ื™ื–ืžื™ื ื”ืžืคืขื™ืœื™ื ื›ืžื” ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืืจืฅ. (ื‘) ืžืขืจื›ืช ืžืžื•ื—ืฉื‘ืช ืฉืืœื™ื” ื™ื•ื–ื ื• ืคืจื˜ื™ ื”ืคื•ื ื™ื ืœื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื, ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื•ื”ืื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ืฉื ื™ืชื ื• ืœืฆื•ืจืš ืชืฉืœื•ื ืœื™ื–ืžื™ื ื•ื™ื”ื™ื• ืœื” ืงื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ืœื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืกืงื•ืช ื‘ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื•ื‘ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ื ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื, ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืกื™ื™ืข ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ืžืฉืจื“, ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื‘ืžืขืจืš ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืœื”ืชืขื“ื›ืŸ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื ื‘ื ื•ืฉื. ืœืžืฉืœ, ื™ื”ื™ื” ืืคืฉืจ ืœืืชืจ ืื“ื ืฉื•ื•ืขื“ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืื—ืช ื›ื‘ืจ ืกื™ืจื‘ื” ืœื•, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื ื™ืกื” ืœืคื ื•ืช ืœื•ื•ืขื“ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืื—ืจืช. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืžื™ื“ืข ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืชืงืฃ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื™ื–ื. ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ืฉื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื”ืื–ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ืื™ื ืŸ ืžืงื•ืฉืจื•ืช ื–ื• ืœื–ื• ื•ืื™ื ืŸ ืžืงื•ืฉืจื•ืช ื’ื ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืจืืฉื™ (ืœืฉื™ืจื•ืช, ืœื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื•ืœืžื—ืœืงื” ืœืžื™ื“ืข). ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ื‘ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 2006 ื›ื™ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื›ื™ ืื’ืฃ ื”ืžื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื›ื‘ืจ ืžื›ื™ืŸ ืžื›ืจื– ื‘ื ื•ืฉื. ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช 417 .7. ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ื•ื”ืฉืชืœืžื•ื™ื•ืช : ื›ื“ื™ ืœื‘ืงืจ ืืช ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื›ื™ืจ ืื•ืชืŸ ืขืœ ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ืŸ. ืœืžืฉืœ, ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื›ื™ืจ ืืช ื“ืจื›ื™ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืขืžืŸ ื•ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืžื” ื”ืŸ ื”ื“ืจื™ืฉื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื”ื™ื–ืžื™ื (ื—ื•ื–ื™ื, ื”ืกื›ืžื™ื ื•ื›ื•'). ื”ืชื‘ืจืจ ืฉื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื•ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืœื ื ืจื’ื ื• ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืฉืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ื‘ืงืจื” ืขืœ ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ืื• ื™ืžื™ ืขื™ื•ืŸ ืื• ื”ืฉืชืœืžื•ื™ื•ืช. 8. ืคืจืกื•ื ื”ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื : ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืžืคืจืกื ื‘ืืชืจ ื”ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜ ืฉืœื• ืคืจื˜ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืกืคืง ื‘ืขืฆืžื• ืื• ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื ื•ืชื ื™ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื, ืืš ื”ืคืจืกื•ื ืื™ื ื• ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื, ื•ืžืžื™ืœื ืื™ื ื• ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ืฉื  ืžืฆืื• ื‘ื‘ืงืจื” ืขืœื™ื”ืŸ. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืžื™ื“ืข ื–ืžื™ืŸ ื•ื ื’ื™ืฉ ืขืœ ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื•ืขืœ ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ืฉื ืžืฆืื• ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจื•ืช ืฉื ืขืฉื• ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืืœื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืกื™ื™ืข ืœืžืฉืชืงื ื•ืœื‘ื ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ืชื• ืœื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ ื‘ืื™ื–ื• ืžืกื’ืจืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ. ืชืฉืชื™ืช ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ืช 1. ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืขื•ืกืงืช ื‘ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืคื•ืขืœืช ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ. ื‘ืจืืฉื” ืขื•ืžื“ ืžืžื•ื ื” ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื•ื›ืคื•ืคื™ื ืœื• ื›ืžื” ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ืžื˜ื” ื•ืขื•ื“ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื”ืคื•ืขืœื™ื ื‘ืœืฉื›ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™ื ื”ืžื—ื•ื–ื™ื™ื ื‘ืœืฉื›ื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืžื—ื•ื–ื™ื•ืช. ื›ืœ ื”ืกืžื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืžืจื•ื›ื–ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ืžืžื•ื ื” ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื. ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉื‘ืžืฉืš ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื’ื“ืœื” ืžืื•ื“ ื”ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื, ื•ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื˜ื™ืคืœื” ื‘- 2006 ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืž- 12,000 ืžืฉืชืงืžื™ื ื•ื‘ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ืฉืœ330 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื—, ื”ืชืฉืชื™ืช ื”ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื–ื” ื›ืžืขื˜ ืœื ื”ืฉืชื ืชื”. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขื™ืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืฉืขืœื™ื• ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืืช ื”ืžื‘ื ื” ื”ืืจื’ื•ื ื™, ืืช ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื›ื•ื— ื”ืื“ื ื”ืจืฆื•ื™ ื•ืืช ื”ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ืช ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื, ื•ื›ืŸ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ื‘ืื™ื–ื• ืžืกื’ืจืช ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ืช ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ืžืขืจืš ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื - ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืœื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ, ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืื’ืฃ ื ืคืจื“ ืฉื™ื™ื•ื—ื“ ืœืฉื™ืงื•ื, ื›ืžื• ืฉื”ืฆื™ืขื” ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืœืฉื™ืงื•ื ืื• ื‘ื“ืจืš ืื—ืจืช. 2. ืชื ืื™ื ืคื™ื–ื™ื™ื- ื”ืชื ืื™ื ื”ืคื™ื–ื™ื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื ืคื•ืขืœื™ื ืžืจื‘ื™ืช ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื•ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื”ื‘ืงืจื” ืงืฉื™ื. ืขื ื–ืืช ื™ืฉ ืœืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืืช ืžืกื™ืจื•ืชื ื‘ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชื ืœืฉื™ืงื•ื ื ื›ื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ. .๏ ื‘ื™ื ื•ืืจ 2001 ื ื›ื ืก ืœืชื•ืงืฃ ื—ื•ืง ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื ื›ื™ ื ืคืฉ ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื”, ื”ืชืฉ"ืก- 2000. ื”ื—ื•ืง ื ื•ืขื“ ืœืืคืฉืจ ืœื—ื•ืœื™ื ืฉื”ื•ื—ื–ืงื• ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™ื™ื ืœืœื ืฆื•ืจืš ืจืคื•ืื™ ืฉืœ ืžืžืฉ (ืžืื—ืจ ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื” ืืคืฉืจ ืœืฉืงืžื ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื) ืœื”ืฉืชืงื ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื” ื•ืœืžื ื•ืข ืืฉืคื•ื–ื™ื ืžื™ื•ืชืจื™ื, ื•ืœืืคืฉืจ ื’ื ืœื—ื•ืœื™ื ืฉื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื”, ื‘ื”ืฉื’ื—ืช ื‘ื ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ืชื ืื• ื‘ืœื™ ื”ืฉื’ื—ื”, ืœื”ืฉืชืงื. ืืฃ ืฉื—ืœืคื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื—ืžืฉ ืฉื ื™ื ืžืื– ื”ื•ื—ืœ ื—ื•ืง ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื, ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื˜ืจื ื”ืฆืœื™ื— ืœื™ื™ืฉื ืื•ืชื• ื›ื ื“ืจืฉ. ื”ื•ื ื˜ืจื ื”ืฉืœื™ื ืืช ื”ื”ื™ืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ื“ืจื•ืฉื” ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื—ื•ืง, ื•ืจืง 14%-22% ืžื”ื–ื›ืื™ื ืœืงื‘ืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืื›ืŸ ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ืืœื”. 418 ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™57ื‘ .ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ืžื•ืคื ื” ืœืฉื™ืงื•ื ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื” ื›ืžืขื˜ ื”ื•ื›ืคืœ ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช, ืื‘ืœ ืจืง ื ื›ื™ ื ืคืฉ ืžืขื˜ื™ื ืžื˜ื•ืคืœื™ื ื‘ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื. ื”ืจืคื•ืจืžื” ืฉืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื›ืจื™ื– ืขืœื™ื” ื‘ืขื‘ืจ ืœื ืžื•ืžืฉื” ืืคื•ื ื‘ืžืœื•ืื”, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืœื—ืœืง ืžื—ื•ืœื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ ืฉืื•ืฉืคื–ื• ื‘ืขื‘ืจ ืฉืœื ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื•ืฉื•ื—ืจืจื• ืžื”ืืฉืคื•ื– ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœื”ืฉืชืงื ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื”, ืื™ืŸ ืคืชืจื•ืŸ, ื•ื‘ื ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ืชื ื”ื ื”ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื‘ื ื˜ืœ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื”ื. ืžืื—ืจ ืฉื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืœืžืชืŸ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ืžื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืื•ืจื›ืช ื–ืžืŸ ืจื‘, ื ืคื’ืข ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ ืฉื ืคื’ืขื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ ื–ื›ืื™ื ืœืงื‘ืœ. ื‘ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 2006 , ,ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื”ืกืชื™ื™ืžื” ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช, ืืžื ื ื ื—ืชื ื”ืกื›ื ืœื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืœืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืื•ืœื ื ื•ื›ื— ื”ื”ืกืชื™ื™ื’ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืงื•ืคื•ืช ืžื”ื”ืกื›ื ื•ื ื•ื›ื— ื”ืขืจื›ื•ืชื™ื”ืŸ ืฉื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืชืืจืš ืœืคื—ื•ืช ืฉื™ืฉื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื, ื•ื”ืฉืœืžืช ื”ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื›ื•ืœื• - ื›ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืฉื ื™ื, ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืฉื‘ืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื ื™ื™ืคื’ืข ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื ื›ื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ. ืžืื—ืจ ืฉื”ืจืคื•ืจืžื” ื”ืžื‘ื ื™ืช (ืฆืžืฆื•ื ื”ืžืกืคืจ ืฉืœ ืžื™ื˜ื•ืช ืืฉืคื•ื–) ื›ืจื•ื›ื” ื‘ืจืคื•ืจืžื” ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื—ื™ืช ืœื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ืœืงื•ืคื•ืช, ื•ืžืื—ืจ ืฉื”ืฆืœื—ืช ืฉืชื™ื”ืŸ ืชืœื•ื™ื” ื‘ืจืคื•ืจืžื” ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ืžื™ืช, ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื›ืœ ืžืขืจืš ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ื ื™ืชื ื™ื ืœื ืคื’ืขื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ. ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืžืฉืœื ืœื™ื–ืžื™ื ื”ืžืคืขื™ืœื™ื ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืž-300 .ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื— ื‘ืฉื ื” ื”ืžืžืฆืื™ื ืžืขื™ื“ื™ื ืฉื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื“ืจื™ืฉื•ืช ื”ืชืฉืœื•ื ืฉืœื”ื ืื™ื ื• ื ืขืฉื” ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ืชืงื™ื ื™ื, ืื™ืŸ ืขืœื™ื• ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื ืื•ืชื”, ื•ื™ื–ืžื™ื ื“ื™ื•ื•ื—ื• ื“ื™ื•ื•ื—ื™ื ื›ื•ื–ื‘ื™ื. ื™ืฉ ืœืืจื’ืŸ ื‘ื“ื—ื™ืคื•ืช ืืช ื›ืœ ืžืขืจืš ื”ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ื ืœื™ื–ืžื™ื ื•ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื‘ืงืจื” ื ืื•ืชื™ื ืฉื™ืืคืฉืจื• ืœืคืงื— ืขืœื™ื•. ื”ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ืฉื ืžืฆืื• ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจื•ืช ืฉืขืฉื” ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืžื•ื›ื™ื—ื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ื’ื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ืชื“ื™ืจื•ืชืŸ ื•ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืœืžืขืจืš ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืžื ื’ื ื•ื ื™ ื‘ืงืจื” ืžืžื•ื—ืฉื‘ื™ื ื ืื•ืชื™ื.
ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช 391 .ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื ื›ื™ ื ืคืฉ ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื” .ืชืงืฆื™ืจ .ื‘ื™ื ื•ืืจ 2001 ื ื›ื ืก ืœืชื•ืงืฃ ื—ื•ืง ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื ื›ื™ ื ืคืฉ ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื”, ื”ืชืฉ"ืก- 2000 (ืœื”ืœืŸ- ื—ื•ืง ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื). ื”ื—ื•ืง ื ื•ืขื“ ืœืืคืฉืจ ืœื ื›ื™ ื ืคืฉ1 ืฉื”ื•ื—ื–ืงื• ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™ื™ื ืœืœื ืฆื•ืจืš ืจืคื•ืื™ ืฉืœ ืžืžืฉ (ืžืื—ืจ ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื” ืืคืฉืจ ืœืฉืงืžื ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื) ืœื”ืฉืชืงื ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื” ื•ืœืžื ื•ืข ืืฉืคื•ื–ื™ื ืžื™ื•ืชืจื™ื, ื•ืœืืคืฉืจ ื’ื ืœื—ื•ืœื™ื ืฉื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื”, ื‘ื”ืฉื’ื—ืช ื‘ื ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ืชื ืื• ื‘ืœื™ ื”ืฉื’ื—ื”, ืœื”ืฉืชืงื. ื”ื—ื•ืง ืงื•ื‘ืข ืฉืื“ื ื”ืœื•ืงื” ื‘ื ืคืฉื• ื–ื›ืื™ ืœืคื ื•ืช ืœื•ื•ืขื“ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืื–ื•ืจื™ืช (ืœื”ืœืŸ ื’ื - ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื) ื”ืžื•ืกืžื›ืช ืœืืฉืจ ืœื• ืชื›ื ื™ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื‘ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื, ื•ื‘ื”ื ื“ื™ื•ืจ, ืชืขืกื•ืงื”, ื”ืฉื›ืœื” ื•ื—ื•ื ื›ื•ืช. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ื“ืง ืืช ื”ื”ื™ืขืจื›ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ื”ืžืฉืจื“) ื•ืฉืœ ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืœื™ื™ืฉื•ื ื”ืจืคื•ืจืžื” ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื ื›ื™ ื ืคืฉ ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื” (ืœื”ืœืŸ ื’ื - ื ืคื’ืขื™ ื ืคืฉ); ืืช ื”ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื—ื™ืช ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ืžื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื; ืืช ื”ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ื”ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ืœื”ืคืกืงืช ืžืชืŸ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืจืคืืชื™ ื‘ืงื•ืคืช ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ืช; ื•ืืช ื”ืืจื’ื•ืŸ, ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื ื•ื”ื‘ืงืจื” ืฉืœ ืจื›ื™ืฉืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืžื™ื–ืžื™ื. ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื ืขืฉืชื” ื‘ืžืฉืจื“, ื•ื‘ืžื•ืขืฆื” ื”ืืจืฆื™ืช ืœืฉื™ืงื•ื ื ื›ื™ ื ืคืฉ ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื”. ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจื™ื ื ืขืฉื• ื‘ื›ืœ ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื, ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื•ื‘ืžื•ืกื“ ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืœืื•ืžื™. .ื”ื™ืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื™ื™ืฉื•ื ื—ื•ืง ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื .ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœื ื ืขืจืš ื›ืจืื•ื™ ืœื™ื™ืฉื ืืช ื—ื•ืง ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื: 1 . ื”ื—ื•ืง ืงื•ื‘ืข ืฉืขืœ ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืœืขื™ื™ืŸ ืžื“ื™ ืฉื™ืฉื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ื‘ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืฉื ืงื‘ืขื” ืœื ื›ื” ื”ื ืคืฉ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืื ื”ื™ื ืื›ืŸ ืžืช ืื™ืžื” ืœืฆืจื›ื™ื•. ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ืฉื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืœื ืขืฉื• ื›ืŸ; 2 . ื”ื—ื•ืง ืงื•ื‘ืข ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืžื ื•ืช ืžืชืื ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” "ืื—ืจืื™ ืœื™ื™ืฉื•ื ื•ืชื™ืื•ื ืžืชืŸ ื›ืœ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ื ื™ืชื ื™ื ืœื ื›ื” ื ืคืฉ", ืืš ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื ืžืฆื ืฉืžืกืคืจ ืžืชืืžื™ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืื™ื ื• ืžืกืคื™ืง; 3 . ื”ื—ื•ืง ืงื•ื‘ืข ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ืงื™ื ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืขืจืจ ืฉื”ื™ื•"ืจื™ื ืฉืœื”ืŸ ื™ื™ืงื‘ืขื• ืข ืœ ืคื™ "ืจืฉื™ืžื” ืฉืขืจืš ืฉืจ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื", ืืš ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืคื ื” ืœืฉืจื™ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ื•ืœืขื•ื–ืจื™ื”ื ื›ืžื” ื•ื›ืžื” ืคืขืžื™ื, ื”ื•ื ืœื ืงื™ื‘ืœ ืžื”ื ืืช ื”ืจืฉื™ืžื”. ื‘ื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืขืจืจ ื–ื›ืื™ื ืœืฉื™ืงื•ื ืขืœื•ืœื™ื ืœืงื‘ืœ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืœืชื™-ืžืชืื™ื; 4 . ื”ื—ื•ืง ืงื•ื‘ืข ืฉืงื‘ื™ืขืช ืื—ื•ื–ื™ ื”ื ื›ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื ื›ื” ื ืคืฉ ืชืขืฉื” ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ืžื™ ืฉื”ื•ืกืžืš ืœื›ืš , ื”ืชืฉื "ื” ]ื ื•ืกื— ืžืฉื•ืœื‘ [ ื‘ื—ื•ืง ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ - 1995 , ืื• ื‘ื™ื“ื™ .__________________ . 1 ""ื ื›ื™ ื ืคืฉ- ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืกื•ื‘ืœื™ื ืžืžื—ืœื•ืช ื ืคืฉ ื”ืžื•ื›ืจื™ื ื›ื ื›ื™ื ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ืžื™ ืฉื”ื•ืกืžืš ืœื›ืš ื‘ื—ื•ืง ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— , ื”ืชืฉื "ื”]ื ื•ืกื— ืžืฉื•ืœื‘[ ื”ืœืื•ืžื™- 1995 ., ืื• ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจ ืฉื”ืกืžื™ืš ืฉืจ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช 392 ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™57ื‘ .ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจ ืฉื”ืกืžื™ืš ืฉืจ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช. ืืš ืฉืจ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœื ื”ืกืžื™ืš ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™ื ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื–ื”, ื•ืžืฉื•ื ื›ืš ื—ืœืง ืžื ืคื’ืขื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ ืื™ื ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืงื‘ืœ ืชื›ื ื™ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื; 5 . ื”ื—ื•ืง ืงื•ื‘ืข ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ืงื™ื ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืืจืฆื™ืช ืœืฉื™ืงื•ื ื ื›ื™ ื ืคืฉ ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื” (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืœืฉื™ืงื•ื) ืฉืชื™ื™ืขืฅ ืœืฉืจ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ. ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืื›ืŸ ื”ื•ืงืžื” ื‘ืฉื ืช 2001 , ืื•ืœื ื ืžืฆื ืฉื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื™ืขื•ืช ื”ืฉืคืขื” ื™ืฉื™ืจื” ืขืœ ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช ื”ืชืงื‘ืœื• ื‘ืœื™ ืœืฉืชืฃ ืื•ืชื” ื›ืœืœ. ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืืฃ ืœื ื”ืชื‘ืงืฉื” ืœื—ื•ื•ืช ืืช ื“ืขืชื” ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื”ื ื•ื’ืขื™ื ืœืฉื™ืงื•ื; 6 . ื”ื—ื•ืง ืžืืคืฉืจ ืœืฉืจ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœื”ืชืงื™ืŸ ืชืงื ื•ืช ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื. ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช 2004 ื“ื ื” ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืœืฉื™ืงื•ื ื‘ืชืงื ื•ืช ื”ืงืฉื•ืจื•ืช ืœื ื•ืฉื, ืืš ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ; 7 . ื‘ื—ื•ืง ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื ื“ืจืฉืช ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืœืฉื™ืงื•ื, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืืจ, "ืœื™ื–ื•ื ืžื—ืงืจื™ื ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ ืฉื™ืงื•ื". ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืœืฉื™ืงื•ื ื”ื’ื™ืฉื” ืœื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืจืฉื™ืžืช ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืœื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืžื—ืงืจื™ื, ื ืขืฉื• ืจืง ืžื—ืงืจื™ื ืžื•ืขื˜ื™ื. .ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ืฉื™ืงื•ื .ื‘ืฉื ืช 2006 , ื›ื—ืžืฉ ืฉื ื™ื ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื—ื•ืง ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื ื›ื ืก ืœืชื•ืงืคื•, ืจืง ื›- 12,000 ื ื›ื™ ื ืคืฉ, ืฉื”ื%22-%14 ืžื›ืœืœ ื”ื–ื›ืื™ื ืœืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ืฉื™ืงื•ื2 , ืื›ืŸ ืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืื•ืชื. ื–ืืช ื•ืขื•ื“, ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ืฉื ื›ื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ ืฉื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืื™ืฉืจื• ืœื”ื ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื ื™ืฆืœื• ืจืง ื›ืžื—ืฆื™ืช ืžืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื• ื ืฉืื•ืฉืจื• ืœื”ื. ื™ืฉ ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืžื“ื•ืข ืจืง ื—ืœืง ืงื˜ืŸ ืžื ื›ื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื•ืžื“ื•ืข ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ื ื™ืฆื•ืœ ืฉืœ ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื ืžื•ืš; ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืขื™ื“ ืขืœ ื›ืฉืœ ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ ื‘ืžืขืจืš ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื. .ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™ื™ื ืžืจืคืืชื™ื™ื .ื›ืฉืื“ื ื–ืงื•ืง ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื ืคืฉื™ ืจืฆื•ื™ ืœื˜ืคืœ ื‘ื• ืžื”ืจ ื›ื›ืœ ื”ืืคืฉืจ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืžื ื•ืข ื”ื™ื“ืจื“ืจื•ืช ื‘ืž ืฆื‘ื• ืœืขืชื™ื ืขื“ ื›ื“ื™ ืกื›ื ื” ืœื—ื™ื™ื•. ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ืฉื–ืžืŸ ื”ื”ืžืชื ื” ืœืงื‘ืœืช ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืžืจืคืืชื™ ืžืžื•ืฉืš ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืจื‘ื™ื, ื•ื”ื•ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืืจื•ืš ืืคื™ืœื• ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื. ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื•ื ื•ืขืจ ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืžืชื™ืŸ ืฉื™ืฉื” ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ืชืฉืขื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื, ืืฃ ืฉื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœื•ืœ ืœื”ืฉืคื™ืข ืœืจืขื” ืขืœ ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืชื. ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืื™ืŸ ืžื™ื“ืข ืžืคื•ืจื˜ ืขืœ ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื”ืžืชื ื” ืœืงื‘ืœืช ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืžืจืคืืชื™ ื‘ืžืจืคืื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื•ืช, ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืคื•ื’ืข ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื• ืœื”ืชื•ื•ืช ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืชื—ื•ื. .__________________ .2 ืœืคื™ ื ืชื•ื ื™ ื”ืžื•ืกื“ ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืœืื•ืžื™, ื‘ื™ื•ืœื™ 2006 ื”ื›ื™ืจ ื”ืžื•ืกื“ ื‘ - 54,254 ืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื ื™ 18-65 ื”ืกื•ื‘ืœื™ื ืžืžื—ืœื•ืช ื ืคืฉ ื›ื ื›ื™ื ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ 40% ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ. ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืขืจื›ื” ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ ืžืงืฆื•ืข, ื™ืฉ ืขื•ื“ ื›- 30,000 ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืกื•ื‘ืœื™ื ืžืžื—ืœื•ืช ื ืคืฉ ืฉื–ื›ืื™ื ืœืคื ื•ืช ืœื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื, ื•ื‘ื”ื ื ื›ื™ ื ืคืฉ ืฉืื™ื ื ืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืœืคื ื•ืช ืœืžื•ืกื“ ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื”ืœืื•ืžื™. ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช 393 .ื”ืคืกืงืช ื”ื”ืคื ื™ื•ืช ืœื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื .ื‘ืืžืฆืข ืžืจืก ื•ืขื“ ืกื•ืฃ ื™ื•ืœื™ 2006 ื”ืคืกื™ืง ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœืฉืœื•ื— ื ื›ื™ ื ืคืฉ ืœื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื”ืื–ื•ืจื™ื•ืช. ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ื›ื™ ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ืœื ืืคืฉืจ ืœืฉืงื ื ื›ื™ ื ืคืฉ ื ื•ืกืคื™ื, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ื•ืจื” ืžืžื• ื ื” ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืฉืœื ืœื›ื ืก ืืช ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื”ืื–ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื–ื”. ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ื”ืชื•ืžื›ื™ื ื‘ื ืคื’ืขื™ ื ืคืฉ ื”ืชืจื™ืขื• ืขืœ ื”ืžืฆื‘ ืœืคื ื™ ืฉืจ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช, ื•ื˜ืขื ื•, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ, ืฉื”ืคืกืงืช ื”ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืคื•ื’ืขืช ืžืื•ื“ ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ืžื‘ื˜ืœืช ื”ื™ืฉื’ื™ื ืฉื”ื•ืฉื’ื• ื‘ื”ืฉืงืขื” ื•ื‘ืžืืžืฆื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื‘ื—ืžืฉ ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช (ืžืื– ื”ื•ื—ืœ ื—ื•ืง ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื). .ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืœืžืชืŸ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ืœืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื .ืื—ืช ื”ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื ืคื’ืขื™ ื ืคืฉ ื”ื™ื ืคื™ืฆื•ืœ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื: ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื ื•ืชื ืช ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ืืฉืคื•ื–, ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืžืจืคืืชื™ื™ื ื•ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ืฉื™ืงื•ื; ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื ื•ืชื ื•ืช ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™ื™ ื ื•ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื ืคืกื™ื›ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื™ื. ื”ืคื™ืฆื•ืœ ืคื•ื’ืข ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ ืฉื ืคื’ืขื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ ื–ื›ืื™ื ืœืงื‘ืœ, ืœืžืฉืœ ื‘ื›ืš ืฉืื™ืŸ ืจืฆืฃ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ ื”ืžืฉื›ื™ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื”ื’ื•ืคื ื™ ืœื ืคืฉื™. ืขื ื”ื—ืœืช ื—ื•ืง ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืžืžืœื›ืชื™ (ื‘ืฉื ืช 1995 ) ื ืฉืืจ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื ืคื’ืขื™ ื ืคืฉ ื‘ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”. ื ืืžืจ ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ื•ืขื‘ืจ ืœืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ื”ืงื•ืคื•ืช "ื‘ื“ื™ื—ื•ื™ ืงืœ" 3 . ืžืื– ื—ืœืคื• ื›-12 ืฉื ื™ื, ืฉื‘ืžื”ืœื›ืŸ ื ืขืฉื• ืžืกืคืจ ื ื™ืกื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืœื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ื•ืืฃ ื ืงื‘ืขื• ืœื›ืš ืžื•ืขื“ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ืื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœื ื—ืœืคื• ื•ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื ื•ืชืจื” ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืžืฉืจื“4. ื‘ื™ื ื•ืืจ 2003 ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ื” ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืฉื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืœืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ืชืขื‘ื•ืจ ืžืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืž- 1.6.03 , ืื‘ืœ ื’ื ื”ื—ืœื˜ื”ื–ื• ืœื ื™ืฆืื” ืืœ ื”ืคื•ืขืœ. ื‘ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ 2006 ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ื” ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืœื“ื—ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืœืงื•ืคื•ืช ืœ- 1.1.07 . ื‘- 17.9.06 , ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื”ืกืชื™ื™ืžื” ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช, ื ื—ืชื ื”ืกื›ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ืžืœื•ื ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื—ื™ืช ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ืœืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื. ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืžืกืชื™ื™ ื’ื•ืช ืžืื•ื“ ืžื”ื”ืกื›ื. ื ื•ืกืฃ ืขืœ ื›ืš, ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืงื•ืคื•ืช, ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื—ื™ืช ืชืืจืš ืฉื™ืฉื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืœืคื—ื•ืช, ื•ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฉืœื™ื ืืช ื”ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื™ื™ื“ืจืฉื• ื›ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืฉื ื™ื. ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื•ื“ื™ืข ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 2006 .ื›ื™ ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืœืงื•ืคื•ืช ืชื™ื“ื—ื” ืœืคื—ื•ืช ื‘ื—ืฆื™ ืฉื ื” .__________________ .3 ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืฉืจ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœืฉืขื‘ืจ ืžืจ ืืคืจื™ื ืกื ื” ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืช ื”ื›ื ืกืช ืžื™ื•ื 20.12.94. .4 ืจืื• ื’ื ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™ 48 ืฉืœ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”( 1998), 'ืขืž159 ; ื•ื›ืŸ ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™52 ื‘( 2002 '), ืขืž 215. 394 ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™57ื‘ .ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขื™ืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ ืจื™ืื•ืช ืฉื ื•ื›ื— ื”ืชืžืฉื›ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืœืงื•ืคื•ืช ืฉื ื™ื ื›ื” ืจื‘ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืฉืœ ืื™-ื”ื•ื•ื“ืื•ืช ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืฉืœืžืช ื”ื”ืœื™ืš ื‘ืžื•ืขื“ ืงืจื•ื‘, ืขืœื™ื• ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืฉื‘ืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ืžืขื‘ืจ ื•ืขื“ ื”ืฉืœืžืช ื”ื”ื™ืขืจื›ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืงื•ืคื•ืช ืœื ื™ื™ืคื’ืข ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื ืคื’ืขื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ. .ื”ืคืกืงืช ืžืชืŸ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ื‘ืงื•ืคืช ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ืช .ื‘ื™ื ื•ืืจ 2004 ื”ืคืกื™ืงื” ืงื•ืคืช ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืœืชืช ืืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ืžืจืคืืชื™ื™ื ืฉื ื”ื’ื” ืœืชืช ืขื“ ืื– ืœื› - 4,000 .ืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื ื ืคื’ืขื™ ื ืคืฉ ื”ืงื•ืคื” ืœื ืชื™ืืžื” ืคืขื•ืœื” ื–ืืช ืขื ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ืœื ื•ื™ื“ืื” ืฉืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื” ื ืคื’ืขื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ ื™ืงื‘ืœื• ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืžืชืื™ื ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืื—ืจ. ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืืžื ื ืืคืฉืจ ืœืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืœืคื ื•ืช ืœืžืจืคืื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช, ืืš ื‘ื›ืš ื’ื“ืœ ื”ื ื˜ืœ ืขืœ ื”ืžืจืคืื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช, ืฉื—ืœืงืŸ ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื• ืขืžื•ืกื•ืช ื‘ืœืื• ื”ื›ื™. ื™ืชืจ ืขืœ ื›ืŸ, ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื”ืคืกืงืช ืžืชืŸ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื ืคืขืœ ื‘ื ื—ื™ืฉื•ืช ื›ืœืคื™ ื”ืงื•ืคื”, ื•ื‘ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 2004 ืืฃ ื”ืกื›ื™ื ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืœื” 200 ,ืžื™ืœื™ื•ื ื™ ืฉ"ื— ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ืกื›ื ื”ื‘ืจืื” ืฉื ื—ืชื ืขืžื” ื‘ืœื™ ืฉื”ืชื ื” ื–ืืช ื‘ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื. ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉื—ืœืฃ ื–ืžืŸ ืจื‘ - ื›ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืฉื ื™ื - ืžืื– ื”ืคืกื™ืงื” ืงื•ืคืช ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืœืชืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ, ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœื ื ืงื˜ ืกื ืงืฆื™ื•ืช ื›ืœืฉื”ืŸ ื ื’ื“ื” ืื• ื ื’ื“ ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืžืžื ื”ืœื™ื”. .ืืจื’ื•ืŸ, ื›ืกืคื™ื ื•ื‘ืงืจื” .1. ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ืขื ื™ื–ืžื™ื: ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชืงืฉืจ ืขื ื™ื–ืžื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืกืคืงื• ืœื• ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื. ืœื ื›ืœ ื”ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ืขื•ื’ื ื• ื‘ื—ื•ื–ื™ื. ื‘ืขืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืืžื ื ื”ื™ื• ื—ื•ื–ื™ื ืฉื™ื–ืžื™ื ื—ืชืžื• ืขืœื™ื”ื, ืืš ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืขืฆืžื• ืœื ื—ืชื ืขืœื™ื”ื. ื‘ืขืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืจื•ื‘ ื”ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืขื ื”ื™ื–ืžื™ื ืฉืกื™ืคืงื• ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื ืขืฉื• ืฉืœื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื. ื‘ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ื ืœื™ื–ืžื™ื ื”ื™ื• ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื. ืœืžืฉืœ, ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื ื•ืชืŸ ืœื™ื–ืžื™ื ืื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืกืคืงืช ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื, ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ืฉืœืคื ื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืฉืœื ืœื™ื–ื, ื”ื•ื ืื™ื ื• ื‘ื•ื“ืง ื›ืœืœ ืื ื”ืื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ืฉื‘ื™ื“ื• ืชืงืคื™ื. ื•ืืžื ื, ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืฉืขืฉื” ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ื•ืขืœื• ืžืงืจื™ื ืฉื™ื–ืžื™ื ื“ื™ื•ื•ื—ื• ื“ื™ื•ื•ื—ื™ื ื›ื•ื–ื‘ื™ื ืฉื”ืกืชื›ืžื• ื‘ืขืฉืจื•ืช ืืœืคื™ ืฉ"ื—, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื™ื–ื ืฉื“ืจืฉ ืœืฉืœื ืœื• ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ืฉื ื™ ืกื•ื’ื™ ืžื’ื•ืจื™ื ืฉืกื™ืคืง ื›ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืื•ืชื ืžืฉืชืงืžื™ื ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื–ืžืŸ. 2. ื‘ืงืจื”: ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืืžื•ืจ ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืฉืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืฉืœื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื”ืŸ ืคื•ืขืœื•ืช ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื›ืœืœื™ื ื•ื”ืจืžื” ืฉืงื‘ืข. ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ืฉื™ืฉ ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืจื‘ื•ืช ืฉื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื›ืœืœ ืœื ืžื‘ืงืจ ื‘ื”ืŸ, ื•ื‘ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช ืชื“ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื‘ืงืจื” ืื™ื ื” ืžืกืคืงืช. ื‘ื‘ืงืจื•ืช ืฉืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืงื™ื™ื ื‘ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืžืกื•ื™ืžื•ืช ื ืžืฆืื• ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ืฉื—ื™ื™ื‘ื• ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืœืงื•ื™ ืฉืœ ืžืœืื™ ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืฉืกื™ื›ืŸ ืืช ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืชืงืžื™ื; ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื‘ืžื‘ื ื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื”ื ืกื›ื ื•ืช ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื•ืชื™ื•ืช; ืชืฉืœื•ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื’ื™ื ื•ืŸ ื•ืฉื™ืคื•ืฆื™ ื ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืžืฉืชืงืžื™ื ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื”ื™ื–ืžื™ื ื•ื›ื•'. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช 395 . ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœื ื ืงื˜ ืืžืฆืขื™ื ื ื’ื“ ื™ื–ืžื™ื ืฉืœื ืชื™ืงื ื• ืืช ื”ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ืขืœื”, ื•ืืฃ ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืœื”ืคื ื•ืช ืืœื™ื”ื ืžืฉืชืงืžื™ื. .ืชืฉืชื™ืช ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ืช .1. ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืืช ื”ืžื‘ื ื” ื”ืืจื’ื•ื ื™, ืืช ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื›ื•ื— ื”ืื“ื ื”ืจืฆื•ื™ ื•ืืช ื”ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ืช ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื, ื•ื›ืŸ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ื‘ืื™ื–ื• ืžืกื’ืจืช ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ืช ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ืžืขืจืš ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื - ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืœื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ, ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืื’ืฃ ื ืคืจื“ ืฉื™ื™ื•ื—ื“ ืœืฉื™ืงื•ื, ื›ืžื• ืฉื”ืฆื™ืขื” ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืœืฉื™ืงื•ื, ืื• ื‘ื“ืจืš ืื—ืจืช. 2. ื”ืชื ืื™ื ื”ืคื™ื–ื™ื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื ืคื•ืขืœื™ื ืžืจื‘ื™ืช ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื•ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื”ื‘ืงืจื” ืงืฉื™ื; ืขื ื–ืืช ื™ืฉ ืœืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืืช ืžืกื™ืจื•ืชื ืœืฉื™ืงื•ื ื ื›ื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ. .
ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช/ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื ื›ื™ ื ืคืฉ ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื”
โ™ฆ . ื—ื•ืง ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืžืžืœื›ืชื™, ื”ืชืฉื "ื“- 1994 (ืœื”ืœืŸ- ื”ื—ื•ืง), ืžื’ื“ื™ืจ ื•ืžืคืจื˜ ืืช "ืกืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช" (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ื”ืกืœ) ืฉื–ื›ืื™ ืœื• ื›ืœ ืชื•ืฉื‘. ื”ื—ื•ืง ืงื•ื‘ืข, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ, ืืช ืจืฉื™ืžืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื›ืœื•ืœื•ืช ื‘ืกืœ (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืฉื‘ืกืœ). ืชืจื•ืคื” ืฉืื•ืฉืจื” ื•ื ืจืฉืžื” ื‘ืคื ืงืก ื”ืชื›ืฉื™ืจื™ื ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉืžื ื”ืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ื”ืžืฉืจื“), ื•ื ื›ืœืœื” ื‘ืจืฉื™ืžืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืฉื‘ืกืœ, ืžืžื•ืžื ืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ื”ืฉืชืชืคื•ืช ื›ืกืคื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื ืฉืฉื™ืขื•ืจื” ื ืงื‘ืข ื‘ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื”ื’ื‘ื™ื™ื”11 . ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื•ืจื™ืฉื•ื ืฉืœ ืชืจื•ืคื” ื•ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ื”ืชื•ื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื”12 ื‘ืคื ืงืก ื”ืชื›ืฉื™ืจื™ื ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื, ืื™ืŸ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื ื›ืœื™ืœื” ืฉืœ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ืื• ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื” ื‘ืจืฉื™ืžืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืฉื‘ืกืœ. ื›ืœ ืงื•ืคื” ืงื‘ืขื” ืจืฉื™ืžืช ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืžืฉืœื”, ื”ื›ื•ืœืœืช ืืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืฉื‘ืกืœ ื•ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ืกื™ืคื” ืœืคื™ ืฉื™ืงื•ืœื™ื” (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ืกืœ ื”ืงื•ืคื”). ืœื›ืœ ืงื•ืคื” ื™ืฉ ื’ื ืจืฉื™ืžื” ืฉืœ ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื ืคืงื•ืช ื‘ื”ื ื—ื” ื ื™ื›ืจืช ืœื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืจื•ื›ืฉื™ื ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื™ื (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ืฉื‘"ืŸ). ื‘ืกืœ ื”ืงื•ืคื” ืฉืœ ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื™ืฉ ื›-100 ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืฉืขืœื•ืชืŸืœืงื•ืคื” ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื”, ื•ื‘ื ื”ืœื™ื” ื ืงื‘ืข ืฉืœืงื‘ืœืช ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืŸ ื ื“ืจืฉ, ืžืœื‘ื“ ืžืจืฉื ื”ืจื•ืคื, ื’ื ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื’ื•ืจื ืžื•ืกืžืš ื‘ืžื—ื•ื–13 , ื•ืœืงื‘ืœืช ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืŸ ื ื“ืจืฉ ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืื’ืฃ ืจืคื•ืื” ืฉื‘ื”ื ื”ืœื” ื”ืจืืฉื™ืช. ื‘ืฉื ืช 2005 .ื‘ื“ืง ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืืช ืกื“ืจื™ ื”ืงืฆืืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืœืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื ืขืฉืชื” ื‘ื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื•ื‘ืืจื‘ืข ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื. ืขื“ ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื‘ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 2005 ืœื ื”ืžืฆื™ืื” ืงื•ืคืช ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ืช (ืœื”ืœืŸ- ืœืื•ืžื™ืช) ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืฉื“ืจืฉ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืฉื ื‘ื“ืงื•, ื•ืœืคื™ื›ืš ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืฉื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื‘ื” ืชื™ืžืฉืš14 . ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืขืœื” ื’ื ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืž ื“ื™ื ื” ืžื™ื ื•ืืจ 2006 ื•ืœืคื™ื”ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœ ื” ื ืฆื™ื‘ืช ื”ืงื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ืœื—ื•ืง ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืžืžืœื›ืชื™ ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืžื˜ื™ืœื” ื”ื’ื‘ืœื•ืช "ื—ืžื•ืจื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ" ืขืœ ืื™ืฉื•ืจื™ ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช. ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืžืจืก-ื™ื•ืœื™ 2006 ืขืฉื” ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืœืกื™ืจื•ื’ื™ืŸ, ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื”ืžืฉืš ื‘ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ืกื“ืจื™ ื”ืงืฆืืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื ื™ืชื ื•ืช ืขืœ ืคื™ ืžืจืฉืžื™ื ืฉืœ ืจื•ืคืื™ื ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื” ื•ืฉืœ ืจื•ืคืื™ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื. ื ื‘ื“ืงื• ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืžื ื’ื ื•ืŸ ื”ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืžืชืŸ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื•ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืขืจืจ ืœื—ืจื™ื’ื™ื, ืฉืœื”ืŸ ืžื•ื’ืฉื•ืช ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื ืœืืฉืจ ืœื”ื ืœืงื‘ืœ ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืฉืื™ื ืŸ ื‘ืกืœ. ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ืฉืœืžื” ื ืขืฉื• ื‘ืžืฉืจื“. .__________________ .11 ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืจืฉืื™ื•ืช ืœื”ืฆื™ืข ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ื ืฉื™ื—ื•ืœื• ืขืœ ืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื”ืŸ. ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื”ื’ื‘ื™ื™ื” ื”ื™ื ื”ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืฉื ืชื ื• ืฉืจ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื›ื ืกืช ืœื›ืœ ืงื•ืคืช ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ื ืคืจื“ ืœื’ื‘ื•ืช ืžื”ืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื ืกื›ื•ืžื™ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื•ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื›ืœื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืกืœ. 12 ื”ืชื•ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœืชืจื•ืคื” ื”ืŸ ื”ืžื—ืœื•ืช ืื• ื”ืžืฆื‘ื™ื ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ืฉื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ืื•ืฉืจื” ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื”ื. 13 ืจืื• ื”ืขืจื”2. 14 ืจืื• ื”ืขืจื”1. ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช 451 .ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื•ื‘ืงืจื” ืขืœ ื”ื”ืงืฆืื” ื•ื”ื ื™ืคื•ืง ืฉืœ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช .ื‘ืงืจื” ืขืœ ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื ื™ืคื•ืง ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ื“ื•ื— 56 ื‘ ืฉืœ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืฆื•ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื•ื‘ืงืจื” ืขืœ ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืžืืฉืจื™ื ืืช ืžืชืŸ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช, ื•ื›ื™ ืื™ืŸ ื’ื•ืจื ื”ื‘ื•ื“ืง, ื•ืœื• ืžื“ื’ืžื™ืช, ืื ืœื ื ื•ืฆืœ ืœืจืขื” ืžื ื’ื ื•ืŸ ืื™ืฉื•ืจื™ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช. ื’ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™ืช ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืงืจื” ืฉื™ื˜ืชื™ืช ืขืœ ืชื”ืœ ื™ื›ื™ ื ื™ืคื•ืง ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช, ืขืœ ืžื ื’ื ื•ืŸ ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืžืชืŸ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืขืœ ืฉืœื‘ื™ื• ื•ืขืœ ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืžืืฉืจื™ื, ื•ืœื ื ื‘ื“ืง ืื ื ื•ืคืงื• ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืœื—ื•ืœื™ื ืฉืœื ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื”ืชื•ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืงื‘ืขื” ื”ืงื•ืคื”, ื•ื”ืื ื ืฉืžืจ ืขืงืจื•ืŸ ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ, ื•ืชืจื•ืคื” ืฉืื•ืฉืจื” ืœื—ื•ืœื” ื›ืœืฉื”ื• ืื•ืฉืจื” ืœื›ืœ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืฉืžืฆื‘ื ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ ื–ื”ื” ืœืฉืœื•. ืกื“ืจื™ ื ื™ืคื•ืง ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ืคืœื•ื™ืงืก15 1. ืขื“ ืžืื™ 2005 ื ื™ืชื ื” ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ืคืœื•ื™ืงืก ืœื—ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ืจืคื•ืื™ ืžืกื•ื™ื16 ,ื‘ืœื ื”ื’ื‘ืœืช ื–ืžืŸ ื•ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืฉื™ืœืžื• ืืช ืกื›ื•ื ื”ื”ืฉืชืชืคื•ืช ื”ืขืฆืžื™ืช ืฉืื•ืฉืจ ืœืงื•ืคื” ื‘ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื”ื’ื‘ื™ื™ื” (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ืกืœ). ืœื—ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ืจืคื•ืื™ ืื—ืจ ื ื™ืชื ื” ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ืœื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ืกืœ, ื•ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ื”ื ื ื“ืจืฉื• ืœืฉืœื ืืช ืžื—ื™ืจื” ื”ืžืœื (ื—ื‘ืจ ืฉื‘"ืŸ - ืžื—ื™ืจ ืžื•ืคื—ืช). ืœืคื™ ื ื•ื”ืœื™ ื”ืงื•ืคื”, ื ื™ืคื•ืง ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ืœื—ื•ืœื” ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ืกืœ ื™ื™ืขืฉื” ืจืง ื‘ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืื’ืฃ ืจืคื•ืื” ืฉื‘ื”ื ื”ืœื” ื”ืจืืฉื™ืช, ื•ื”ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื™ื™ื ืชืŸ ืขืœ ืกืžืš ืžืกืžื›ื™ื ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ื”ืžืขื™ื“ื™ื ืขืœ ืžืฆื‘ื• ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื•ืœื”. ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ื‘ืฉื ืช 2004 ื ื™ืคืงื” ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ืคืœื•ื™ืงืก ืœ - 2,119 ื—ื•ืœื™ื. ืœ-361 .ืžื”ื ื ื•ืคืงื” ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ืกืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืคืขื ืื—ืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ื“ืง ืืช ืชื™ืงื™ื”ื ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ืฉืœ 39 (ื›-%11 ) ืžืื•ืชื 361 ื—ื•ืœื™ื17 . ื‘ืชื™ืงื™ื ืฉืœ24 ,ืžื”ื ืœื ื ืžืฆืื• ืžืกืžื›ื™ื ื”ืžื‘ื”ื™ืจื™ื ืžื“ื•ืข ื ื™ืชื ื” ืœื”ื ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ืกืœ ื›ืžื• ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ื•ืžื›ืชื‘ื™ื ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื, ื•ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื”ืชื‘ืงืฉื” ืœื”ืžืฆื™ ื ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืกืžื›ื™ื ืืœื”. ืขื“ ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช, ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 2006 , ื”ื•ืขื‘ืจื• ืžืกืžื›ื™ื ื—ืœืงื™ื™ื ืจืง ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืฉื ื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ื. ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืฉืืจ ืžืกืจื” ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื›ื™ ื‘ืขืช ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ืขืœ ืžืชืŸ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ื”ื™ื ื‘ื—ื ื” ืืช ื”ืžืกืžื›ื™ื ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ื”ื“ืจื•ืฉื™ื, ืื•ืœื ื”ื ื ื’ืจืกื• ื•ืœื ื ืฉืžืจื• ื‘ืชื™ืงื• ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื•ืœื”. ื—ื•ืง ื–ื›ื•ื™ ื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื”, ื”ืชืฉื "ื• - 1996 , ืงื•ื‘ืข ื›ื™ ืžื˜ืคืœ ื™ืชืขื“ ืืช ืžื”ืœืš ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ ื‘ื—ื•ืœื” ื‘ืจืฉื•ืžื” ืจืคื•ืื™ืช ื•ื™ืฉืžื•ืจ ืื•ืชื” ืœืคื™ ื›ืœ ื“ื™ืŸ. ืชืงื ื•ืช ื”ืืจื›ื™ื•ื ื™ื ืงื•ื‘ืขื•ืช ื›ื™ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื ื™ืฉืžืจื• ื’ื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืกื™ื›ื•ื ืžื—ืœื” ืื• ืžื›ืชื‘ ืกื™ื›ื•ื ืœืจื•ืคื ื”ืžื˜ืคืœ 100 ืฉื ื™ื ืื• ื”ืขืชืง ืฉืœ ืชืขื•ื“ื” ืจืคื•ืื™ืช ืฉื”ื•ืฆืื” ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืฉื‘ืชื™ืง ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ ืฉื‘ืข ืฉื ื™ื. .__________________ .15 ืชืจื•ืคื” ื”ืžื•ื ืขืช ื”ื™ื•ื•ืฆืจื•ืช ืงืจื™ืฉื™ ื“ื. 16 ืจืื• ื”ืขืจื”3. 17 ืจืื• ื”ืขืจื”4. 452 ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™57ื‘ .ืขืœ ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื—ืœื” ืืคื•ื ื”ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืžืกืžื›ื™ื ืฉืœืคื™ื”ื ืื™ืฉืจื” ืื• ื“ื—ืชื” ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ืœืžืชืŸ ืชืจื•ืคื” ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ืกืœ, ื•ืœื ืœื”ืฉืžื™ื“ื. ื’ืจื™ืกืช ื”ืžืกืžื›ื™ื ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ืฉืฉื™ืžืฉื• ื‘ืกื™ืก ืœื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ื–ื• ื•ืื™ -ืฉืžื™ืจืชื ื‘ืชื™ืง ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ ืคื•ื’ืขื•ืช ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื—ืžื•ืจื” ื‘ืืžื™ื ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืฉืงื™ืคื•ืช ืฉืœ ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ื•ืขืœื•ืœื•ืช ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ื—ื•ืœื” ืฉืขืฉื•ื™ ืœื”ื™ื–ื“ืงืง ืœืžืกืžื›ื™ื. ื‘ื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ืืกืžื›ืชืื•ืช ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ื”ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ ืื• ื›ืœ ื’ื•ืจื ืžื‘ืงืจ ืื—ืจ ื‘ื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืงื•ืคื” ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืืช ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื•ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื”ืฆื“ืงื” ืจืคื•ืื™ืช ืœืžืชืŸ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ื ืžื•ืš ืฉืœ ื”ืกืœ. ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื” ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 2006 ื›ืชื‘ื” ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื›ื™ "ื—ื•ืง ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื”, ืืœื™ื• ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืกืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช, ืžื’ื“ื™ืจ ืจืฉื•ืžื” ืจืคื•ืื™ืช ื›ื“ืœืงืžืŸ: 'ืžื™ื“ืข ืœืคื™ ืกืขื™ืฃ 17 ื”ืžืชื•ืขื“ ื‘ืคืจืง ืฉืœ ืจื™ืฉื•ื ืื• ืฆื™ืœื•ื, ืื• ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืจืš ืื—ืจืช...' ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช, ืœืคื™ ืžื™ื˜ื‘ ื”ื‘ื ืชื ื•, ืฉื’ื ืชื™ืขื•ื“ ืจืคื•ืื™ ื”ื ืžืฆื ื‘ืžื—ืฉื‘ ื”ื™ื ื• 'ืจืฉื•ืžื” ืจืคื•ืื™ืช' ืœืคื™ ื—ื•ืง ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื”". ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ื‘ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 2006 ื›ื™ "ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืกืชืคืง ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื”ื—ื•ืžืจ ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ ื™ื™ืฉืžืจ ื–ืžืŸ ืกื‘ื™ืจ ื‘ื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืงื•ืคื” ื•ื›ื™ ืชื”ื™ื” ืœื ื•ืฉื ื”ืคื ื™ื” ื‘ื’ืœื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืจืฉื•ืžื” ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ืช ื”ืื™ืฉื™. ื•ื–ืืช ืžืื—ืจ ื•ื™ืฉ ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื” ืฉื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืจืฉื•ืžื” ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ืช ื”ืื™ืฉื™ืช ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ืชื™ืขื•ื“ ืฉืœ ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื . ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื™ื•ืฆื™ื ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืชื™ืขื•ื“ ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื ืขื“ 31.3.07." ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืขื™ืจ ืฉื’ื ื‘ืžื—ืฉื‘ื™ ื”ืงื•ืคื” ื•ื‘ื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืงื•ืคื” ืœื ื ืžืฆืื• ืืกืžื›ืชืื•ืช ื”ืžืฆื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืืช ืžืชืŸ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ืœื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืืžื•ืจื™ื. ื–ืืช ื•ืขื•ื“, ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ืœืชืช ืชืจื•ืคื” ืœื—ื•ืœื” ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ืกืœ ื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ืช, ืื•ืœื ื”ื™ื ืžื‘ื•ืกืกืช ืขืœ ืžืกืžื›ื™ื ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ื—ืœืงื ืžืงื•ืจื™ื™ื. ืืฉืจ ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื‘ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ืชื™ืขื•ื“ ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื ื™ืฉ ืœืขืกื•ืง ื’ื ื‘ืฉืžื™ืจืช ื’ื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืกื™ื›ื•ื ืžื—ืœื”, ืžื›ืชื‘ื™ื ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืจืคื•ืื™ื•ืช ื•ื›ื•' ืฉื‘ื”ืกืชืžืš ืขืœื™ื”ื ื ืชื ื” ื”ืงื•ืคื” ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืœืžืชืŸ ืชืจื•ืคื” ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ืกืœ. 2. ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืฉืขืฉื” ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื  ื” ื‘ืฉื ืช 2005 ืขืœ ื”ืงืฆืืช ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืœืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื ื‘ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื•ืžืžืฆืื™ื” ืคื•ืจืกืžื• ื‘ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™ 56 ื‘, ื‘ื“ืงื” ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื‘ืืžืฆืข ืฉื ืช 2006 ืืช ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื”ื ื™ืคื•ืง ืฉืœ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ืคืœื•ื™ืงืก ื‘ - 2005 ื•ืžืฆืื” ื›ื™ ืœื› -250 ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืื•ืฉืจื” ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ื‘ื—ืจื™ื’ื” ืžื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ืกืœ. ื”ืงื•ืคื” ืžืกืจื” ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื›ื™ ื”ืคืกื™ืงื” ืืช ื ื™ืคื•ืง ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ืœื›ืœ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืฉืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืื•ืชื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืฉื™ืฉื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื, ื•ื›ื™ ื”ื ื™ืคื•ืง ืœื›ืœ ื—ื•ืœื” ื™ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืจืง ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื™ื™ื‘ื“ืง ืื ื”ื—ื•ืœื” ืขื•ืžื“ ื‘ืชื ืื™ ื”ืกืœ ื•ื‘ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ืงื•ืคื”. ื™ืฆื•ื™ืŸ ืฉื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืฉืขืฉืชื” ื”ืงื•ืคื” ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœื ื™ืคื•ืง ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ื‘ื—ืจื™ื’ื” ืžื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ืกืœ ืœื ื›ืœืœื” ืืช ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื”ื”ืงืฆืื” ืฉืœ ื›ืœืœ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช - ืžื ื’ื ื•ืŸ ืื™ืฉื•ืจื™ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืขืœ ืฉืœื‘ื™ื• ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื–ื” ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืžืืฉืจื™ื. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืขืœ ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืืช ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื ื™ืคื•ืง ื›ืœืœ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืขืœ ืฉืœื‘ื™ื”ื ื•ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื™ื ื‘ื”ื, ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื™ืžื ืข ืžื ื™ืคื•ืง ืชืจื•ืคื” ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ืกืœ ืœืžื™ ืฉืื™ื ื• ื–ื›ืื™ ืœืงื‘ืœื” ื•ืžืื™-ืžืชืŸ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ืœื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ื–ื›ืื™ื ืœืงื‘ืœื” ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ื–ื”. .๏‰ . ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช 453 . ื ื•ื›ื— ื”ืžืžืฆืื™ื ืฉืขืœื• ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื•ื”ืžืžืฆืื™ื ืฉื”ืขืœืชื” ื”ืงื•ืคื” ืขืฆืžื” ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ืคืœื•ื™ืงืก, ืžืŸ ื”ืจืื•ื™ ืฉื”ืงื•ืคื” ืชืฉืงื•ืœ ืœื›ืœื•ืœ ื‘ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ืช ืฉืœื” ื’ื ืืช ืžื ื’ื ื•ืŸ ืื™ืฉื•ืจื™ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช. ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืื ื”ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืื• ื”ื“ื—ื™ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื‘ืงืฉืชื• ืฉืœ ืžื‘ื•ื˜ื— ืœืงื‘ืœืช ืชืจื•ืคื” ื ืขืฉื• ืขืœ ืคื™ ืืžื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื“ื” ืฉืงื‘ืขื” ื”ืงื•ืคื”, ื•ื”ืื ื ืฉืžืจ ืขืงืจื•ืŸ ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื•ื›ืœ ื”ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ื ืฉืงืœื•ืช ืœืคื™ ืื•ืชื ืฉื™ืงื•ืœื™ื. ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื” ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 2006 ื›ืชื‘ื” ืœืื•ืžื™ืช: "ืื ื• ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืืช ื”ืขืจืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช. ื”ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ ืฉืœ ืงื•ืคืช ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื™ืขืจื•ืš ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืงืฉื•ืจ ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื ื™ืคื•ืง ื•ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช". .ื—ืฉืฉ ืœื”ืขื“ืคืช ืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ืžื™ื .ืœืื•ืžื™ืช, ื›ืžื• ืฉืืจ ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื, ืงื•ื ื” ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ืžืจืงื—ืช ืฉืœื”18 ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ืžื•ื–ืœื™ื ื‘ืฉืœ ื™ืชืจื•ืŸ ื”ื’ื•ื“ืœ ืฉืœื”. ืœืคื™ ื ื•ื”ืœื™ ื”ืงื•ืคื” 19 ,, ื”ืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœืงื ื•ืช ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืžืกื•ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ื ื™ืชื ื•ืช ืขืœ ืคื™ ืžืจืฉื, ืจืง ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื”ืžืจืงื—ืช ืฉืœื”, ื•ื”ืงื•ืคื” ืœื ืชื—ื–ื™ืจ ืœื”ื ื›ืกืคื™ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืงื ื™ื™ืช ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืืœื” ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ืžืจืงื—ืช ืคืจื˜ื™ื™ื, ืืœื ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ื™ื•ืฆืื™ื ืžื”ื›ืœืœ (ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื”, ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ื—ืกืจื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืจืงื—ืช ืฉืœ ืœืื•ืžื™ืช). ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ื—ืจื™ื’ื•ืช ืžื”ื ื•ื”ืœ; ืœื”ืœืŸ ืคื™ืจื•ื˜ ื”ืžืžืฆืื™ื: ื”ื—ื–ืจื™ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืงื ื™ื™ืช ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืžืจืงื—ืช ืคืจื˜ื™ 1. ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ืงืจื•ื‘ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืฉืœ ืื™ืฉ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ืงืจื•ื‘ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื”) ืงื ื” ื‘ - 2004 ืคืขืžื™ื ืžืกืคืจ ืชืจื•ืคื” ืžืกื•ื™ืžืช ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืžืจืงื—ืช ืคืจื˜ื™, ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉื‘ืžืจืฉืžื™ื ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœ ืฆื•ื™ืŸ ืฉื”ื ืžื™ื•ืขื“ื™ื ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืžืจืงื—ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืงื•ืคื” ื‘ืœื‘ื“. (ื) ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ืขืœ ืื—ื“ ื”ืžืจืฉืžื™ื ื—ืชื ื“"ืจ ื' ืžื™ื“ืŸ, ืกืžื ื›"ืœ ืจืคื•ืื” ืฉืœ ืœืื•ืžื™ืช. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœื ื•ื”ืœ ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ ืŸ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืขืจืจ ื‘ืงื•ืคื” 20 , ื”ืชื›ื ืกื” ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื•ืจืืช ื”ืกืžื ื›"ืœ ืœืจืคื•ืื” ื•ืขื“ืช ืขืจืจ ืื“ ื”ื•ืง. ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื” ืงื‘ืขื” ื›ื™ ืœืคื ื™ื ืžืฉื•ืจืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืจ ืœืงืจื•ื‘ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืืช ื”ืกื›ื•ื ืฉืฉื™ืœื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื‘ื ื™ื›ื•ื™ ื”ืฉืชืชืคื•ืช ืขืฆืžื™ืช ื›ืื™ืœื• ื ืงื ื• ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืžืจืงื—ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืงื•ืคื”. ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื–ืืช ืฉืœื—ื” ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืœืงืจื•ื‘ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืฉื™ืง ืœื”ื—ื–ืจ ื”ื›ืกืคื™. .__________________ .18 ืจืื• ื”ืขืจื”5. 19 ื”ื ื•ื”ืœ ืฉืœ ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ืžืชื‘ืกืก ืขืœ ืกืขื™ืฃ23 ื‘ื—ื•ืง, ืฉืงื•ื‘ืข: "(ื) ื—ื‘ืจ ื‘ืงื•ืคืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื–ื›ืื™ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ื ื•ืชืŸ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืขืฆืžื• ื•ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื™ืœื“ื• ื”ืจืฉื•ื ื‘ื” ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ื ื•ืชื ื™ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืงื•ืคื” ืื• ืžื˜ืขืžื”, ื‘ื›ืคื•ืฃ ืœื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ืกืขื™ืฃ 12 . (ื‘) ืงื•ืคืช ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืชืงื‘ืข ืืช ื”ืกื“ืจื™ ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ื•ื”ื™ืงืคื” ื‘ืžื™ื“ื” ืฉื”ื™ื ืงืฉื•ืจื” ืขื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื ื•ืชืŸ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืื—ื“; ืงื•ืคืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืชื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ื”ืกื“ืจื™ื ืœื™ื“ื™ืขืช ืฉืจ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ืชืคืจืกืžื ื‘ืงืจื‘ ื—ื‘ืจื™ื”". 20 "ื ื•ื”ืœ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืขืจืจ ื‘ืงื•ืค"ื—" ืž- 29.10.03 ,ื”ืžืคืจื˜ ืืช ื”ื”ืจื›ื‘, ืืช ื”ืกืžื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ืืช ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืขืจืจ ืœืจืžื•ืชื™ื”ืŸ , ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ "ื•ืขื“ืช ืขืจืจ ืื“ ื”ื•ืง " ืฉืชืคืงื™ื“ื” ืœื˜ืคืœ ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื“ื—ื•ืคื™ื ื”ื“ื•ืจืฉื™ื ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืžื™ื™ื“ื™. 454 ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™57ื‘ .ืžื”ืืžื•ืจ ืœืขื™ืœ ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ื‘ื”ื—ื–ื™ืจื” ืœืงืจื•ื‘ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื›ืกืคื™ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืฉืงื ื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืžืจืงื—ืช ืคืจื˜ื™, ืคืขืœื” ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืœืคื ื™ื ืžืฉื•ืจืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื•ืฉืœื ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื ื•ื”ืœ ืฉืœื”, ื•ื™ืฉ ื—ืฉืฉ ืฉื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื ืขืฉื” ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืงืจื•ื‘ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืฉืœ ืื™ืฉ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื›ื™ืจ. ื–ืืช ื•ืขื•ื“, ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื ื•ื”ืœ, ื‘ืกืžื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ืขื“ืช ืขืจืจ ืื“ ื”ื•ืง ืœื˜ืคืœ "ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื“ื—ื•ืคื™ื ื”ื“ื•ืจืฉื™ื ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืžื™ื™ื“ื™ ื•ืืฉืจ ืื™ื ื ื ื™ืชื ื™ื ืœื“ื—ื™ื™ื” ืขื“ ืžื•ืขื“ ื›ื™ื ื•ืก ื•ืขื“ืช ืขืจืจ ืืจืฆื™ืช". ืžื›ืืŸ ืฉื›ื™ื ื•ืก ื•ืขื“ืช ืขืจืจ ืื“ ื”ื•ืง ื›ื“ื™ ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ื”ื—ื–ืจ ืœืงืจื•ื‘ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœื ื•ื”ืœ. (ื‘) ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื” ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ 2006 ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจื” ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื›ื™ "ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ืœืืฉืจ ื”ื—ื–ืจ ืœืื•ืชื• ืžื‘ื•ื˜ื— ืœื ื ื‘ืขื” ืžื”ื™ื•ืชื• ืงืจื•ื‘ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืฉืœ ืื™ืฉื™ื•ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช, ืืœื ืžืชื•ืš ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืœื”ืขื ื™ืง ืœืœืงื•ื—ื•ืชื™ื” ืืช ื”ืฉืจื•ืช ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ื›ืœ ืžืงืจื”, ืชื•ืš ื”ืชื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื›ื™ ื”ืžื‘ื•ื˜ื— ื”ื "ืœ ื˜ืขื” ื›ืืฉืจ ืคื ื” ืœื‘ื™ืช ืžืจืงื—ืช ืคืจื˜ื™, ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืœืจื›ื•ืฉ ืืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ืžืจืงื—ืช ืฉืœ ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื‘ืœื‘ื“". ืœืจืื™ื” ืฆื™ืจืคื” ื”ืงื•ืคื” ืœืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื” ืจืฉื™ืžื” ืฉืœ ืืจื‘ืขื” ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืฉืงื ื• ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ืžืจืงื—ืช ืคืจื˜ื™ื™ื ื•ืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืœื˜ืขื ืชื” ื”ื—ื–ืจื™ื ืœืคื™ ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืขืจืจ. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ืžืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืœืฆืจืฃ ืืช ืคืจื•ื˜ื•ืงื•ืœื™ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืขืจืจ ืฉื“ื ื• ื‘ื‘ืงืฉื•ืชื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ืื•ืชื ืืจื‘ืขื” ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื•ืืช ื”ืžืกืžื›ื™ื ืฉืขืœื™ื”ืŸ ื”ืชื‘ืกืกื• ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืชื™ื”ืŸ ื•ืžืกืžื›ื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ื”ื ื•ื’ืขื™ื ืœื‘ืงืฉื•ืช (ืžืจืฉื ืจืคื•ืื™, ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ืช ืื• ืงื‘ืœื” ื•ื›ื•'). ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื” ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 2006 ื›ืชื‘ื” ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื›ื™ ืื™ืชืจื” ืจืง ืžืกืžื›ื™ื ื”ื ื•ื’ืขื™ื ืœืื—ื“ ืžืืจื‘ืขืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื, ืื•ืœื ื’ื ื‘ืžืกืžื›ื™ื ืฉื”ืฆื™ื’ื” ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ืชื• ื—ื•ืœื” ืœื ืคื•ืจื˜ื” ืกื™ื‘ืช ื”ื”ื—ื–ืจ, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืื™-ืืคืฉืจ ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืื ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืžื•ืฆื“ืงืช. 2. ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ืฉืงื ื” ืงืจื•ื‘ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืžืจืงื—ืช ืคืจื˜ื™ ื”ื™ื ืชืจื•ืคื” ืžืงื•ืจื™ืช ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื” ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ืฉื”ืŸ ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื’ื ืจื™ื•ืช 21 . ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ืœื—ื•ืœื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ืฉื‘ื™ืงืฉื• ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ืช ืฉืงื ื” ืงืจื•ื‘ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื”ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื”ืงื•ืคื” ื›ื™ ื›ืฉื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ืช ื—ืกืจื” ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื”ืžืจืงื—ืช ืฉืœื” ื”ื ืจืฉืื™ื ืœืงื ื•ืช ืจืง ื ืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ื”ื’ื ืจื™ืช ืฉื‘ืชื™ ื”ืžืจืงื—ืช ืฉืœื” ืžืกืคืงื™ื. ื”ืงื•ืคื” ืœื ื”ืฆื™ืขื” ืœื”ื ืœืงื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ืช ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืžืจืงื—ืช ืคืจื˜ื™ ื•ืœืงื‘ืœ ื”ื—ื–ืจ, ืืฃ ืฉื”ื ื”ืฉืชืžืฉื• ืชืงื•ืคื” ืืจื•ื›ื” ื‘ืชืจื•ืคื” ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ืช, ื•ืจื•ืคืื™ื ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื ืงื‘ืขื• ื›ื™ ืžืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืจืคื•ืื™ื•ืช ืื™ืŸ ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื”ื ื•ืœืชืช ืœื”ื ืชืจื•ืคื” ื’ื ืจื™ืช (ืจืื• ืœื”ืœืŸ). ื™ื•ืฆื ืฉื”ืงื•ืคื” ืื™ื ื” ื ื•ื”ื’ืช ื‘ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื: ืœืงืจื•ื‘ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื ืชื ื” ื”ื—ื–ืจ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืงื ื™ื™ืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ืช, ืืฃ ืฉืœื ื”ืฆื™ื’ ื“ืจื™ืฉื” ืจืคื•ืื™ืช ืžื•ืกืžื›ืช ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ืช ื“ื•ื•ืงื, ื•ืื™ืœื• ืœื—ื•ืœื™ื ืฉืœืคื™ ื”ื•ืจืืช ืจื•ืคื ืžื•ืžื—ื” ื–ืงื•ืงื™ื ื“ื•ื•ืงื ืœืชืจื•ืคื” ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ืช, ืœื ืืคืฉืจื” ื”ืงื•ืคื” ืœืงื ื•ืชื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืžืจืงื—ืช ืคืจื˜ื™ ื•ืœืงื‘ืœ ื”ื—ื–ืจ. .__________________ .21 ืจืื• ื”ืขืจื”8. ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช 455 . ืžืชืŸ ืชืจื•ืคื” ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ืกืœ ืฉืœื ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ืกืœ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืชืจื•ืคืชื™ ื‘ื—ื•ืœื™ ืืœืฆื”ื™ื™ืžืจ22 , ืชืจื•ืคื” ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืžื—ืœื” ืชื™ื ืชืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ ืœืื—ืจ ืงื™ื•ื ืžื‘ื—ืŸ ืžืชืื™ื ืœื—ื•ืœื”23 ื•ื‘ื”ืžืœืฆื” ืฉืœ ืจื•ืคื ืžื•ืžื—ื” ื‘ืชื—ื•ื24 . ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ืช ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืžื—ืœืช ื”ืืœืฆื”ื™ื™ืžืจ ืื™ื ื” ื ื›ืœืœืช ื‘ืกืœ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืฉืœ ืœืื•ืžื™ืช, ื•ื‘ืชื™ ื”ืžืจืงื—ืช ืฉืœ ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืžื ืคืงื™ื ืจืง ืืช ื”ืชื—ืœื™ืคื™ื ื”ื’ื ืจื™ื™ื ืฉืœื”. ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™ ื”ืงื•ืคื” ื”ื—ื–ื™ืจื” ืœื—ื•ืœื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืงืจื•ื‘ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืฉืœ ืจื•ืคื ื‘ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ืงื ื™ื™ืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ืช ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืžืจืงื—ืช ืคืจื˜ื™, ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉื‘ืžืกืžื›ื™ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื‘ืงืฉื” ืœืžืชืŸ ื”ื—ื–ืจ ื”ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ืื™ืŸ ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืฉื”ื—ื•ืœื” ืขื•ืž ื“ ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื‘ืชื ืื™ื ืœืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ืฉื ืงื‘ืขื• ื‘ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ืกืœ ื•ื‘ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“; ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ืœื ืฆื•ืจืคื” ืœืžืกืžื›ื™ื ื”ืžืœืฆื” ืฉืœ ืจื•ืคื ืžื•ืžื—ื” ื›ื ื“ืจืฉ ื‘ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“. ืœื ื ืžืฆืื• ืžืกืžื›ื™ื ื”ืžื‘ื”ื™ืจื™ื ืžื“ื•ืข ื ื™ืชืŸ ื”ื”ื—ื–ืจ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืงื ื™ื™ืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ืช ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืžืจืงื—ืช ืคืจื˜ื™. ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื” ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 2006 ื›ืชื‘ื” ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื›ื™ ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ื” ืœื”ืคืกื™ืง ืืช ื”ืฉืชืชืคื•ืชื” ื‘ืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ืงื ื™ื™ืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ืช ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืงืจื•ื‘ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืจื•ืคื, ื•ื›ื™ ืื•ืชื• ืจื•ืคื ื”ืชื‘ืงืฉ ืœื”ืžืฆื™ื ื“ื•ื— ืกื™ื›ื•ื ืžื—ืœื” ืฉืœ ื ื•ื™ืจื•ืœื•ื’ ืื• ืจื•ืคื ื’ืจื™ืื˜ืจ ื•ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช .MMSE ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื•ืœื” ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื•ื—ืœื˜ ืื ื”ื—ื•ืœื” ื–ื›ืื™ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืขืœ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื”ืงื•ืคื” ืชืจื•ืคื” ื’ ื ืจื™ืช ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื”. .ื”ื—ืœืคืช ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืœื—ื•ืœื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื™ื .ื™ืฉ ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืฉื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืŸ ืžืฉืคื™ืขื•ืช ื”ื™ื˜ื‘ ืขืœ ื”ื—ื•ืœื”, ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื—ืœื™ืคืŸ ื‘ืชืจื•ืคื” ื’ื ืจื™ืช ืื• ืžืงื•ืจื™ืช ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื”, ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœื•ืœ ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ื—ื•ืœื” ื•ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœื• ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืงืฉื•ืช25 . ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืืœื” ืžื›ื•ื ื•ืช "ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื‘ืขืœื•ืช ื—ืœื•ืŸ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ ืฆืจ"26 . ื”ื—ืœืคืช ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืœื—ื•ืœื™ ืืคื™ืœืคืกื™ื” ื‘ื“ื•ื— ืฉืคืจืกืžื” ื ืฆื™ื‘ืช ื”ืงื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ืœืคื™ ื—ื•ืง ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืžืžืœื›ืชื™ (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ื”ื ืฆื™ื‘ื”)27 ื”ื•ื‘ืื” ื“ื•ื’ืžื” ืฉืœ ืชืœื•ื ื•ืช ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื—ืœืคื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืชื™ ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื’ื ืจื™ื•ืช ืœืืคื™ืœืคืกื™ื”, TEGRETOL ื•-, TERIL ื•ืฆื•ื™ืŸ ืฉื ืžืฆืื• ื”ื‘ื“ืœื™ื ื‘ื”ืฉืคืขืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ืœื•ืคื™ื•ืช ื•ื ื’ืจื ื ื–ืง ืœื‘ืจื™ืื•ืชื ืฉืœ .__________________ .22 'ื—ื•ื–ืจ ื”ืžื ื”ืœ ื”ื›ืœืœื™ ืžืก 36.2000 ืž- 17.8.00 , ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช, ื”ื—ื˜ื™ื‘ื” ืœืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช, ืžื™ื ื”ืœ ืจืคื•ืื”. 23 ืžื‘ื—ืŸ MMSE ( (Mini Mental Status Examination , ื”ื‘ื•ื—ืŸ ืืช ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื”ืฉื›ืœื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื•ืœื”. 24 .ื‘ืคืกื™ื›ื•ื’ืจื™ืื˜ืจื™ื”, ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™ื”, ื ื•ื™ืจื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ืื• ื’ืจื™ืื˜ืจื™ื” 25 ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื‘ืื™ื–ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžืขื‘ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืชืจื•ืคื” ืžืกื—ืจื™ืช ืื—ืช ืœืื—ืจืช ืืคืฉืจื™ ืžืื—ืจ ืฉืžื•ืชืจ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืคืขืจ ื‘ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช ื‘ื’ื•ืฃ ื”ืื“ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฆื•ืจื” ืžืกื—ืจื™ืช ืื—ืช ืœืื—ืจืช. 26 ืจืื• ื”ืขืจื”8. 27 ,ื ืฆื™ื‘ ืงื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ืœื—ื•ืง ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืžืžืœื›ืชื™ื“ื•ื— ืžืก' 2 ืœืฉื ื™ื 1998 -1999 (ืžืจืก 2000 '), ืขืž 10. 456 ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™57ื‘ .ื”ืžื˜ื•ืคืœื™ื. ื‘ื“ื•ื— ืฆื•ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ื’ื ื”ืกืคืจื•ืช ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช ืžืขื™ื“ื” ืฉื™ืฉ ื”ืฉืคืขื” ืœื”ื—ืœืคืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช, ื•ื›ื™ ื“"ืจ ื™' ื‘ืจืœื•ื‘ื™ืฅ ื”ืžืฉื ื” ืœืžื ื›"ืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื“ืื–, ืงื‘ืข ื›ื™ "ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื—ืœื™ืฃ ืœื—ื•ืœื™ ืืคื™ืœืคืกื™ื” ื”ืžืื•ื–ื ื™ื ื‘ืชืจื•ืคื” ืืชื™ืช ืื—ืช, ืœืชืจื•ืคื” ืืชื™ืช ืื—ืจืช ื’ื ืื ื”ื™ื ืื•ืชื” ืชืจื•ืคื” ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ื’ื ืจื™ืช ื•ื–ืืช, ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื”ื—ืฉืฉ ืœืกื˜ื™ื™ื” ื‘ื–ืžื™ื ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช ื•ื—ืœื•ืŸ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ ืฆืจ". ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืฉื™ื‘ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 2006 ื›ื™ "ืžื—ืงืจื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ืžืจืื™ื ื›ื™ ื‘ืžืจื‘ื™ืช ื”ืชื›ืฉื™ืจื™ื ื”ื’ื ืจื™ื™ื ืœื ื ืฆืคื• ื›ืœืœ ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื‘ื”ื—ืœืคื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื ืœืžืขื˜ ืžืงืจื™ื ื‘ื•ื“ื“ื™ื ืกืคื™ืฆื™ืคื™ื™ื ืฆืจ" (ื”ื”ื“ื’ืฉื” ื‘ืžืงื•ืจ). ]ื—ืœื•ืŸ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™[ ื‘ืชื›ืฉื™ืจื™ื ื‘ืขืœื™ ื‘ื—ื•ื–ืจ ืžื ื›"ืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืž- 12.1.99 ืฉื›ื•ืชืจืชื• "ืจื•ืคืื™ื ื‘ืžืœื›ื•ื“ - ืฉื™ืžื•ืจ ื”ืืžื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืชื ื’ืฉื•ืช ืื™ื ื˜ืจืกื™ื" (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ื”ื—ื•ื–ืจ) ืฆื•ื™ืŸ ืฉื”ืžื ื›"ืœ ื“ืื– ืคืจื•ืค' ื’' ื‘ืจื‘ืฉ ืฉืœื— ืžื›ืชื‘ื™ ื”ืชืจืื” ืœื›ืžื” ืจื•ืคืื™ื ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื ื‘ืื—ืช ื”ืงื•ืคื•ืช ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ื ื—ื• ื‘ืžื›ืชื‘ ืจืฉืžื™ ืืช ื”ื›ืคื•ืคื™ื ืืœื™ื”ื ืœื”ื—ืœื™ืฃ ืžืฉื™ืงื•ืœื™ ืขืœื•ืช ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืชืจื•ืคืชื™ ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ื™ืชืจ ืœื—ืฅ ื“ื ื‘ืชืจื•ืคื” ืื—ืจืช. ื‘ื—ื•ื–ืจ ื ืงื‘ืข: "ื. ืื™ืŸ ืžื ื™ืขื” ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืชืจื•ืคืชื™ ื‘ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื ื’ื–ืจื•ืช - ื’ื ืจื™ื•ืช ืื• ื—ืœื™ืคื™ื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื™ืœื•ืชืŸ ื–ื”ื”. ื‘. ืขืœ ื”ืจื•ืคื ืœื”ืงืคื™ื“ ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ืจืฆืฃ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ ืชืจื•ืคืชื™. ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื—ืœื™ืฃ ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืžืฉื™ืงื•ืœื™ ืขืœื•ืช, ื‘ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ื”ื ื”ื•ืฉื’ ืื™ื–ื•ืŸ ืชืจืคื•ื™ื˜ื™ (ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื, ื™ืชืจ ืœื—ืฅ ื“ื, ืื• ืกื›ืจืช)". ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ืฉืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื”ื—ืœื™ืคื” ืืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” TEGRETOL ืœื—ื•ืœื™ื ืฉืจื•ืคื ืžื•ืžื—ื” ืงื‘ืข ื›ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื—ืœื™ืฃ ืœื”ื ืืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ื”ื ื™ืชื ืช ืœื”ื ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ื ื ื•ื˜ืœื™ื ืื•ืชื” ืœืื•ืจืš ื–ืžืŸ ื•ืžืฆื‘ื ื˜ื•ื‘. ืœื—ื•ืœื™ื ืฉื”ืชืœื•ื ื ื• ืขืœ ื”ื—ืœืคืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ื”ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื”ืงื•ืคื” ื›ื™ "ืœืชืจื•ืคืช ื” - TEGRETOL ืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช ื—ืœื•ืคื•ืช ื’ื ืจื™ื•ืช ื”ื›ืœื•ืœื•ืช ื•ืžืื•ืฉืจื•ืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืกืœ ืฉืจื•ืชื™ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช. ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื’ื ืจื™ื•ืช ื”ื ืŸ ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื”ืžื›ื™ืœื•ืช ืืช ืื•ืชื ืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ืืฉืจ ืžื™ื•ืฆืจื•ืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื•ืžื›ืŸ ื ื•ื‘ืข ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ ื‘ืฉื... ื‘ืžื™ื“ื” ื•ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืจืงื—ืช ืฉืœ ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืืช ืชืจื•ืคืช TEGRETOL , ืขืœื™ืš ืœืจื›ื•ืฉ ืืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ื”ื’ื ืจื™ืช ืฉืœื”, ืชืจื•ืคืช TERIL . ืœืื•ืจ ื”ืืžื•ืจ ืœืขื™ืœ, ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืืคืฉืจื•ืชื ื• ืœืืฉืจ ืœืš ืืช ืจื›ื™ืฉืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” TEGRETOL ."ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ืžืจืงื—ืช ืคืจื˜ื™ื™ื ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื” ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 2006 ื›ืชื‘ื” ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื "ื‘ื“ืขื” ื›ื™ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืืžื•ืจ ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืจืฉื™ืžืช ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืื•ืชืŸ ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื—ืœื™ืฃ ื‘ืชืจื•ืคื” ืืชื™ืช ืœืชืจื•ืคื” ื’ื ืจื™ืช, ื•ืœืืœื• ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื•ื‘ืื™ื–ื” ื ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื‘ืฆืข ื”ื—ืœืคื” ื›ื–ื•". ื‘ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ 2007 ื›ืชื‘ื” ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื›ื™ ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื“ืจื™ืฉืช ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื›ื™ ืื’ืฃ ืจืคื•ืื” ื‘ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื’ื™ื‘ืฉ ืจืฉื™ืžืช ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื‘ืขืœื™ ื—ืœื•ืŸ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ ืฆืจ28 ื•ืœื ื”ืžืชื™ืŸ ืœื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” , ืžืŸ ืจืื•ื™ ืฉืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื™ืคืจืกื ืจืฉื™ืžืช ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืฉื™ื“ื•ืขื•ืช ื›ื‘ืขืœื•ืช "ื—ืœื•ืŸ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ ืฆืจ ", ื•ื™ืคืขืœ ืœื”ื˜ืžื™ืข ืืช ื”ื•ืจืืช ื—ื•ื–ืจ ืžื ื›"ืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืงื•ื‘ืขืช ื›ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื—ืœื™ืฃ ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืืœื” ืœื—ื•ืœื™ื ืฉืขืœื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื™ืคื’ืข ืžื›ืš . ื”ื—ืœืคืช ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืœื—ื•ืœื™ื ืคืกื™ื›ื•ื˜ื™ื™ื ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื ื•ื”ืœ ืฉืœ ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืขืจืจ, ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืขืจืจ ืžื—ื•ื–ื™ื•ืช ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ื•ืช29 ืœืื™ื“ื•ื ื• ื‘ืคื ื™ื•ืช ื”ื ื•ื’ืขื•ืช ืœืžืชืŸ ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืฉืื™ื ืŸ ื‘ ืกืœ. ืขืœ ืคื™ ืื•ืชื• ื ื•ื”ืœ, ืืžื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื“ื” ืฉืœืคื™ื”ืŸ ืขืœ ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืขืจืจ ืœืฉืงื•ืœ ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ืœืžืชืŸ ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื”ืŸ ืืœื” : (ื) ื”ืื ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืžืฆื™ืœ ื—ื™ื™ื; (ื‘) ื”ืื ื™ืฉ .__________________ .28 ื”ืจืฉื™ืžื” ื›ื•ืœืœืช20 ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช. ื”ื™ื ื”ื•ื›ื ื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืื’ืฃ ื”ืจืคื•ืื” ื‘ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื‘ื™ื™ืขื•ืฆื• ืฉืœ ืžื ื”ืœ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ืœืคืจืžืงื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ืงืœื™ื ื™ืช ื‘ืžืจื›ื– ืจืคื•ืื™ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ืžืจื›ื– ื”ืืจืฅ ื•ื‘ื”ืชื‘ืกืก ืขืœ ืจืฉื™ืžืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืฉืœ ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ืช ื•ื”ื“ืจื•ื ืืคืจื™ืงืื™ืช. 29 .ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืžื—ื•ืœืงืช ืœื”ื ื”ืœื” ืจืืฉื™ืช ื•ืืจื‘ืขื” ืžื—ื•ื–ื•ืช ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ื™ื ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื ืคื•ืขืœืช ื•ืขื“ืช ืขืจืจ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช 457 . ื‘ืกืคืจื•ืช ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ืช ืขื“ื•ื™ื•ืช ืœื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืื• ืฉืžื ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจื‘ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื ื™ืกื™ื•ื ื™ ืื• ื‘ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื”ืžื‘ื•ืกืก ืขืœ ื”ืฆืœื—ื” ืืฆืœ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืื— ื“ื™ื; (ื’) ื”ืื ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืจืฉื•ื ื•ืžืื•ืฉืจ ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืžืขืจื‘ื™ื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช; (ื“) ื”ืื ื”ืกืœ ื›ื•ืœืœ ืชืจ ื•ืคื•ืช ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ ืžื—ืœื” ืฉืžืžื ื” ืกื•ื‘ืœ ื” ื—ื•ืœื”; (ื”) ืžื” ื™ื”ื™ื• ื”ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ื›ื•ืœืœื•ืช ืฉื™ื™ื’ืจืžื• ืื ืชืื•ืฉืจ ื”ื‘ืงืฉื” ื ื•ื›ื— ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉื”ืงื•ืคื” ื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ืœื ื”ื•ื’ ื‘ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ืขื ื›ืœืœ ืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื”; (ื•) ืžื” ื”ื ืกื“ืจื™ ื”ืขื“ื™ืคื•ืช ื”ื›ื•ืœืœื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืงื•ืคื”. ื‘ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ 2001 ืื™ืฉืจื” ืœืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื•ืขื“ืช ืขืจืจ ืฉืœ ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืจ ืœ ื—ื•ืœื” %50 ืžืขืœื•ืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ZYPREXA30 ื›ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืงื‘ื•ืข. ืœืžืกืžื›ื™ื ื”ื“ื ื™ื ื‘ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื ื•ืกืฃ ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื–ืจ ื”ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ืœืื•ืชื• ื—ื•ืœื”, ืžืฆื•ืจืฃ ืคืจื•ื˜ื•ืงื•ืœ ืฉืœ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืช ื•ืขื“ืช ืขืจืจ ืž- 2004 ืฉื‘ื• ืฆื•ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ ื›ื™ "ื”ืชื›ืฉื™ืจ ื”ื "ืœ ื”ื™ื ื• ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื”ืชื•ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœืžืงืจื” ืกืคื™ืฆื™ืคื™ ื–ื”, ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ืื™ื ื” ื›ืœื•ืœื” ื‘ืกืœ ืฉื‘"ืŸ. ื™ืฆื•ื™ืŸ, ื›ื™ ื”ื ื“ื•ืŸ ืงื™ื‘ืœ ื”ื—ื–ืจ ื—ื“ ืคืขืžื™ ืœืคื ื™ื ืžืฉื•ืจืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืฉืœ 50% ืžืขืœื•ืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ืฉื‘"ืŸ". ืœืคื™ ื”ืคืจื•ื˜ื•ืงื•ืœ ื”ื•ื—ืœื˜ ื‘ืื•ืชื” ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื‘ - 2004 " ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ื•ืœืืฉืจ ืœื—ื•ืœื” ืœืคื ื™ื ืžืฉื•ืจืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืœืงื‘ืœ ื”ื—ื–ืจ ืฉืœ50% ืžืขืœื•ืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ืœืงื•ืคื” ืœืชืžื™ื“". ืœืขื•ืžืช ื–ืืช, ืœื—ื•ืœื” ืื—ืจืช ืฉื‘ื™ืง ืฉื” ืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ืœืื•ืชื” ืชืจื•ืคื” ื”ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื”ืงื•ืคื” ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ 2005 ื›ื™ ืžืฆื‘ื” ืื™ื ื• ืžืชืื™ื ืœื”ืชื•ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืงื‘ืข ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ืขืœ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื”ืงื•ืคื”. ื™ื•ืฆื ืฉืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืื™ืฉืจื” ืžืชืŸ ืชืจื•ืคื” ืœื—ื•ืœื” ืฉืœื ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื”ืชื•ื•ื™ื” ืฉื‘ืกืœ ืœืžื—ืœืชื•, ืœืคื ื™ื ืžืฉื•ืจืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื•ืฉืœื ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื ื•ื”ืœ, ื•ื‘ื›ืš ื™ืฆืจื” ื—ื•ืกืจ ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื. ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื” ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 2006 ื›ืชื‘ื” ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื›ื™ "ื”ื—ืœื˜ืช ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืขืจืจ , ื‘ื” ืชื™ืืจ ืืช ืžืฆื‘ื• ื”ืงืฉื” ืฉืœ ]ื”ืจื•ืคื[ ื ื‘ืขื” ืžืžื›ืชื‘ื• ืฉืœ]ืœืืฉืจ ืœื—ื•ืœื” ืžืกื•ื™ื[ ื”ืืจืฆื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื”... ื‘ืฉื ืช 2004 ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ื” ื•ืขื“ืช ืขืจืจ ืืจืฆื™ืช ืฉืœ ืงื•ืคืช ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืจ ืœืœืงื•ื— ื”ื—ื–ืจ ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ ืงื‘ื•ืข ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืขื™ืงืจื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืจืฆืฃ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ ". ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืœื ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจื” ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื” ืžื“ื•ืข ืื™ืฉืจื” ืœืคื ื™ื ืžืฉื•ืจืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ZYPREXA ืœื—ื•ืœื” ืื—ื“ ืืฃ ืฉืœืคื™ ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ืกืœ ืžืฆื‘ื• ืื™ื ื• ืžืชืื™ื ืœื”ืชื•ื•ื™ื•ืช, ื•ืื™ืœื• ื‘ืงืฉืชื” ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืœื” ืื—ืจืช ืœืงื‘ืœืช ืื•ืชื” ืชืจื•ืคื” ื ื“ื—ืชื”. ืขืœ ื”ืงื•ืคื” ืœื”ืงืคื™ื“ ื•ืœืžืœื ืืช ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ืกืœ ื‘ื–ื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื‘ืงืคื“ื ื•ืช ื•ืœื”ื™ืžื ืข ืžืœืืฉืจ ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืœื—ื•ืœื™ื ืœืคื ื™ื ืžืฉื•ืจืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ, ื”ืŸ ื‘ืฉืœ ื”ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื ื•ื”ืŸ ื‘ืฉืœ ื”ื—ืฉืฉ ืฉื”ืงื•ืคื” ืชื™ืงืœืข ืœื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ื™ื•ืช ื›ืกืคื™ื•ืช ืืจื•ื›ื•ืช ื˜ื•ื•ื—, ืžื‘ืœื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœื”ืคืกื™ืง ืืช ืžืชืŸ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืชื™ื“ืจืฉ ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ืจืฆืฃ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™, ืืฃ ืฉืžื›ืชื—ื™ืœื” ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ืœืชืช ืืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื”. .__________________ .30 ืชืจื•ืคื” ืื ื˜ื™-ืคืกื™ื›ื•ื˜ื™ืช. 458 ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™57ื‘ .ืชืœื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืกื“ืจื™ ื”ืงืฆืืช ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืฉื˜ื•ืคืœื• ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ื ืฆื™ื‘ืช ื”ืงื‘ื™ืœื•ืช .ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื ืžืฆืื• ืขื•ื“ ืžืงืจื™ื, ื—ืœืงื ืคื•ืจืกืžื• 31 ื•ื—ืœืงื ืœื, ืฉื‘ื”ื ืกื™ืจื‘ื” ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืœืืฉืจ ืžืชืŸ ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื‘ื˜ืขื ื” ืฉื”ืกื™ืจื•ื‘ ื”ื•ื ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ืกืœ, ื•ืจืง ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื”ื ืฆื™ื‘ื” ื”ืชืขืจื‘ื”32 ื•ื˜ืขื ื” ืฉื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื–ื›ืื™ื ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื—ื•ืง ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช, ื ืื•ืชื” ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืœืชืช ืืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื”. ืขื•ื“ ื ืžืฆื ืฉืœ ืื•ืžื™ืช ื”ื•ืกื™ืคื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉืจื™ืจื•ืชื™ ืžื’ื‘ืœื•ืช ืœืžืชืŸ ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืžืกื•ื™ืžื•ืช ื•ื–ืืช ืฉืœื ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ืกืœ. ืœื”ืœืŸ ื“ื•ื’ืžืื•ืช: 1. ืื™-ืงื™ื•ื ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ืกืœ : ื—ื•ืœื” ื' ืงื‘ืœื” ื›ื™ ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืกื™ืจื‘ื” ืœืกืคืง ืœื” ืืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” VEPESID33 ื‘ื˜ืขื ื” ืฉื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ื”ื™ื "ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื”ืชื•ื•ื™ื•ืช ืกืœ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช", ื•ื›ืš ื˜ืขื ื” ื”ืงื•ืคื” ื’ื ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื” ืœืคื ื™ื™ืช ื”ื ืฆื™ื‘ื”. ืื•ืœื ืžื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ ืฉืขืฉืชื” ื”ื ืฆื™ื‘ื” ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ืžืฆื‘ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื•ืœื” ื›ืŸ ืžืชืื™ื ืœื”ืชื•ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉื ืงื‘ืขื• ื‘ืกืœ ืœืžืชืŸ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื”. ื”ื ืฆื™ื‘ื” ืคื ืชื” ืฉื•ื‘ ืœืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื•ื–ื• ื”ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื›ื™ ืœืื—ืจ ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื ื•ืกืคืช ื”ื•ื—ืœื˜ ืœืืฉืจ ืœื—ื•ืœื” ื' ื”ื—ื–ืจ ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ืงื ื™ืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื”. ื”ื ืฆื™ื‘ื” ืฆื™ื™ื ื” ]ื”ื—ื•ืœื”[ ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื "ืžืฆืจื” ืขืœ ื›ืš ื›ื™ ืคื ื™ื™ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืงื•ื‘ืœ ืœืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ื”ื ื“ื•ื ื”, ืœื ื ืขื ืชื” ืขื“ ืคื ื™ื™ืชื• ืœื ืฆื™ื‘ืช ื”ืงื‘ื™ืœื•ืช, ื•ื–ืืช ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ืžืงืจื” ื“ื ืŸ ื”ืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ืช ื”ื™ืชื” ื–ื›ืื™ืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืจ, ืœืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืงื•ืคื”". 2. ื”ื•ืกืคืช ืชื ืื™ื ืขืœ ืืœื” ืฉื ืงื‘ืขื• ื‘ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ืกืœ : ื‘ื™ื•ืœื™ 2006 ืคื ื” ื—ื•ืœื” ื‘' ืœื ืฆื™ื‘ื” ื‘ืงื‘ื™ืœื” ืขืœ ืกื™ืจื•ื‘ ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืœืกืคืง ืœื• ืชืจื•ืคื” ืžืกื•ื™ืžืช ื‘ืชื ืื™ ื”ืกืœ. ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื”ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืœื ืฆื™ื‘ื” ื›ื™ ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ื•ืœืกืคืง ืœื—ื•ืœื” ื‘' ืืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ื™ืฉ ืœื‘ืฆืข ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืื—ืช ืœืจื‘ืขื•ืŸ, ื•ืœืคื™ ืชื•ืฆืื•ืชื™ื”ืŸ ื™ื•ื—ืœื˜ ืื ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ื•ืœืืฉืจ ืืช ืžืชืŸ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื”. ืขืœ ื›ืš ื”ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื”ื ืฆื™ื‘ื” ืœืœืื•ืžื™ืช: "ืื™ื ื›ื ืจืฉืื™ื ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืขืœ ืชื ืื™ ื”ืกืœ. ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืชืงื•ืคืชื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืŸ ื‘ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ื”ืจื•ืคื ื”ืžื˜ืคืœ, ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ืื™ื ืŸ ืขื™ืœื” ืœื”ืคืกืงืช ืžืชืŸ ืชืจื•ืคื”". ื‘ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 2006 ื”ื•ื“ื™ืขื” ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืœื ืฆื™ื‘ื” ื›ื™ ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื—ื•ืœื” ื‘' ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืœืงื ื™ืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ืœืœื ื”ื’ื‘ืœืช ื–ืžืŸ "ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœื–ื›ืื•ืชื• ืขืค"ื™ ื—ื•ืง ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืžืžืœื›ืชื™". ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื” ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 2006 ื›ืชื‘ื” ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื ื“ื•ืจืฉืช, ืœืฆื•ืจื›ื™ ืžืขืงื‘, ืฉื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ื ื•ื˜ืœื™ื ืืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ื”ืืžื•ืจื” ื™ื™ื‘ื“ืงื• ืชืงื•ืคืชื™ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœืžื ื•ืข ืชื•ืคืขื•ืช ืœื•ื•ืื™. ืขื•ื“ ื›ืชื‘ื”, ื›ื™ ื›ื™ื•ื ื”ื™ื ืื™ื ื” ืžืคืกื™ืงื” ืืช ืžืชืŸ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื”, ืืœื ื‘ื›ืœ ืžื•ืขื“ ืฉืœ ืžืชืŸ ืžืจืฉื ื ืฉืœื—ืช ืœืจื•ืคื ื”ืžื˜ืคืœ ื•ืœื—ื•ืœื” ื“ืจื™ืฉื” ืœื‘ืฆืข ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืžืกื•ื™ืžื•ืช. ื‘ืกืจื‘ื” ืœืกืคืง ืœื—ื•ืœื™ื ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืฉื”ื ื–ื›ืื™ื ืœื”ืŸ ื•ื‘ื”ื•ืกื™ืคื” ืชื ืื™ื ืžื—ืžื™ืจื™ื ืœืžืชืŸ ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื›ืœื•ืœื•ืช ื‘ืกืœ, ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืคื•ื’ืขืช ื‘ืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื”, ืฉื›ืŸ ืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื ื”ืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื‘ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื ืืœืฆื™ื ืœืงื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ืžืœื, ืืฃ ืฉื”ื ื–ื›ืื™ื ืœืงื‘ืœืŸ ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ืกืœ. .๏ .__________________ .31 ื ืฆื™ื‘ ืงื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ืœื—ื•ืง ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืžืžืœื›ืชื™, ื“ื•ื— ืžืก' 6 ืœืฉื ื™ื 2004 -2005 (ื™ื•ื ื™ 2006 '), ืขืž 131. 32 .ื‘ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ื ืฆื™ื‘ืช ื”ืงื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ืžื•ื‘ืื•ืช ื“ื•ื’ืžืื•ืช ืœื”ืชืขืจื‘ื•ืชื” ื’ื ื‘ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ืช 33 .ืชืจื•ืคื” ื ื’ื“ ืกืจื˜ืŸ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช 459 . ืœืคื™ ื”ื—ื•ืง, ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืžืžืœื›ืชื™ ื™ื”ื ืžื•ืฉืชืช ืขืœ ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืฆื“ืง, ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื•ืขื–ืจื” ื”ื“ื“ื™ืช. ืื•ืœื ืžืžืžืฆืื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืขื•ืœื” ื—ืฉืฉ ื›ื™ ื™ืฉ ื‘ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื”ืขื“ืคื” ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ืžื™ื ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ืฉืืจ ืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื”, ื•ื›ื™ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื” ืžื ื’ื ื•ืŸ ื”ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื— ื›ื™ ื™ื™ืฉืžืจ ืขืงืจื•ืŸ ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื. ืขื•ื“ ืขื•ืœื” ืžื”ืžืžืฆืื™ื ื›ื™ ื”ืงื•ืคื” ืžืฆื™ื‘ื” ืœืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื” ืชื ืื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืชื ืื™ื ืฉืงื‘ืข ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœืžืชืŸ ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช. ืืฉืจ ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืงื•ืคื” ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืืช ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ืžืชืŸ ื”ื ื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ืœื”ืงืฆืืช ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื•ืืช ื ื”ืœื™ื” ืœืžืชืŸ ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื•ืœื”ื—ื–ืจ ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ืงื ื™ื™ืช ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช, ื•ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืฉืขืงืจื•ืŸ ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื™ื™ืฉืžืจ. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ืžืŸ ื”ืจืื•ื™ ืฉื”ืžืฉืจื“, ื”ืื—ืจืื™ ืขืœ ื”ืงื•ืคื”, ื™ืคืงื— ืขืœื™ื” ื•ื™ื•ื•ื“ื ื›ื™ ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ืžืชืŸ ื”ืื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ืœืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื‘ืงื•ืคื” ืžืชืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ืกืœ ื•ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ืœ ืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื”.
ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช 447 . ืงื•ืคืช ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ืช- ืกื“ืจื™ ื”ืงืฆืืช ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืœืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื .ืชืงืฆื™ืจ .ื—ื•ืง ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืžืžืœื›ืชื™, ื”ืชืฉื "ื“ - 1994 (ืœื”ืœืŸ- ื”ื—ื•ืง), ืžื’ื“ื™ืจ ื•ืžืคืจื˜ ืืช "ืกืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช" (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ื”ืกืœ) ืฉื–ื›ืื™ ืœื• ื›ืœ ืชื•ืฉื‘. ื”ื—ื•ืง ืงื•ื‘ืข, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ, ืืช ืจืฉื™ืžืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื›ืœื•ืœื•ืช ื‘ืกืœ (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืฉื‘ืกืœ). ื›ืœ ืงื•ืคื” ืงื‘ืขื” ืจืฉื™ืžืช ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืžืฉืœื”, ื”ื›ื•ืœืœืช ืืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืฉื‘ืกืœ ื•ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ืกื™ืคื” ืœืคื™ ืฉื™ืงื•ืœื™ื” (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ืกืœ ื”ืงื•ืคื”). ืœื›ืœ ืงื•ืคื” ื™ืฉ ื’ื ืจืฉื™ืžื” ืฉืœ ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื ืคืงื•ืช ื‘ื”ื ื—ื” ื ื™ื›ืจืช ืœื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืจื•ื›ืฉื™ื ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื™ื (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ืฉื‘"ืŸ). ื‘ืฉื ืช 2005 ื‘ื“ืง ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืืช ืกื“ืจื™ ื”ืงืฆืืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืœืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืงื•ืคื•ืช. ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื ืขืฉืชื” ื‘ื”ื ื”ืœืช ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ื‘ืืจื‘ืข ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื. ืขื“ ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื‘ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 2005 ืœื ื”ืžืฆื™ืื” ืงื•ืคืช ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ืช (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ืœืื•ืžื™ืช) ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืฉื“ืจืฉ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืฉื ื‘ื“ืงื•, ื•ืœืคื™ื›ืš ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืฉื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื‘ื” ืชื™ืžืฉืš 1. ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืขืœื” ื’ื ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžื™ื ื•ืืจ 2006 ื•ืœืคื™ื” ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœื” ื ืฆื™ื‘ืช ื”ืงื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ืœื—ื•ืง ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืžืžืœื›ืชื™ ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืžื˜ื™ืœื” ื”ื’ื‘ืœื•ืช "ื—ืžื•ืจื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ" ืขืœ ืื™ืฉื•ืจื™ ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช. ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืžืจืก-ื™ื•ืœื™ 2006 ืขืฉื” ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืœืกื™ืจื•ื’ื™ืŸ, ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื”ืžืฉืš ื‘ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ืกื“ืจื™ ื”ืงืฆืืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื ื™ืชื ื•ืช ืขืœ ืคื™ ืžืจืฉืžื™ื ืฉืœ ืจื•ืคืื™ื ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื” ื•ืฉืœ ืจื•ืคืื™ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื. ื ื‘ื“ืงื• ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืžื ื’ื ื•ืŸ ื”ืื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ืฉืœ ืžืชืŸ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื•ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืขืจืจ ืœื—ืจื™ื’ื™ื, ืฉืœื”ืŸ ืžื•ื’ืฉื•ืช ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื ืœืืฉืจ ืœื”ื ืœืงื‘ืœ ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืฉืื™ื ืŸ ื‘ืกืœ. ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ืฉืœืžื” ื ืขืฉื• ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช. .ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื•ื‘ืงืจื” ืขืœ ืกื“ืจื™ ื”ื”ืงืฆืื” ื•ื”ื ื™ืคื•ืง ืฉืœ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช .ื‘ืกืœ ื”ืงื•ืคื” ืฉืœ ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื™ืฉ ื› -100 ,ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืฉืขืœื•ืชืŸ ืœืงื•ืคื” ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ื•ื‘ื ื”ืœื™ื” ื ืงื‘ืข ืฉืœืงื‘ืœืช ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืŸ ื ื“ืจืฉ, ืžืœื‘ื“ ืžืจืฉื ื”ืจื•ืคื, ื’ื ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื’ื•ืจื ืžื•ืกืžืš ื‘ืžื—ื•ื– 2 , ื•ืœืงื‘ืœืช ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืŸ ื ื“ืจืฉ ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืื’ืฃ ืจืคื•ืื” ืฉื‘ื”ื ื”ืœื” ื”ืจืืฉื™ืช. .__________________ .1 ืจืื•ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™ 56 ื‘ ืฉืœ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ( 2006 ), ื‘ืคืจืง ืขืœ ื”ืงืฆืืช ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืœืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื ื‘ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื, ืขืž' 536. 2 .ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืžื—ื•ืœืงืช ืœื”ื ื”ืœื” ืจืืฉื™ืช ื•ืืจื‘ืขื” ืžื—ื•ื–ื•ืช ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ื™ื 448 ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™57ื‘ .1. ืœืคื™ื”ื›ืœืœื™ื ืฉื ืงื‘ืขื• ื‘ืกืœ (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ื›ืœืœื™ ื”ืกืœ), ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ืคืœื•ื™ืงืก ื”ืžื•ื ืขืช ื”ื™ื•ื•ืฆืจื•ืช ืงืจื™ืฉื™ ื“ื, ืชื™ื ืชืŸ ืœื—ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืžืฆื‘ื™ื ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ืžื™ื3 ื‘ื”ืฉืชืชืคื•ืช ื›ืกืคื™ืช ืžื•ืคื—ืชืช (ืœื”ืœืŸ- ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ืกืœ), ื•ืื™ืœื• ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืžืฆื‘ื™ื ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ื™ื™ื“ืจืฉื• ืœืฉืืช ื‘ืžืœื•ื ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” (ืื• ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ืžื•ืคื—ืช ืœื—ื‘ืจื™ ืฉื‘"ืŸ). ืขืœ ืคื™ ื ื•ื”ืœื™ ื”ืงื•ืคื”, ืœื ื™ืคื•ืง ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ืกืœ ื“ืจื•ืฉ ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืื’ืฃ ืจืคื•ืื” ืฉื‘ื”ื ื”ืœื” ื”ืจืืฉื™ืช, ืฉื™ืชื‘ืกืก ืขืœ ืžืกืžื›ื™ื ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ืžืชืื™ืžื™ื. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ื“ืง ืืช ืชื™ืงื™ื”ื ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ืฉืœ 39 (ื›-11% ) ืž- 361 ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ื‘ืฉื ืช 2004 ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืื—ื“ ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ืกืœ4. ืœื’ื‘ื™22 ืžื”ื ืœื ื ืžืฆืื• ืžืกืžื›ื™ ื ืฉื”ืกื‘ื™ืจื• ืืช ื”ืื™ืฉื•ืจ, ื›ืžื• ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื, ืžื›ืชื‘ื™ื ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ื•ื›ื•'. .ืื™-ืฉืžื™ืจืช ื”ืžืกืžื›ื™ื ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ื‘ืชื™ืง ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ ืคื•ื’ืขืช ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื—ืžื•ืจื” ื‘ืืžื™ื ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืฉืงื™ืคื•ืช ืฉืœ ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ืžืชืŸ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช. ื‘ื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ืืกืžื›ืชืื•ืช ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ื”ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ ืื• ื›ืœ ื’ื•ืจื ืžื‘ืงืจ ืื—ืจ ื‘ื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืงื•ืคื” ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืืช ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื•ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื”ืฆื“ืงื” ืจืคื•ืื™ืช ืœืžืชืŸ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ื ืžื•ืš ืฉืœ ื”ืกืœ. ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ื‘ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื–ื” ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 2006 ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ื™ื•ืฆื™ื ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ืชื™ืขื•ื“ ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื. 2. ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื”ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืคืกื™ืงื” ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืืช ื ื™ืคื•ืง ื”ืคืœื•ื™ืงืก ืœื›ืœ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืฉืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืฉื™ืฉื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื5 , ื•ืงื‘ืขื” ืฉื”ื ื™ืคื•ืง ืœื›ืœ ื—ื•ืœื” ื™ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืจืง ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื™ื™ื‘ื“ืง ืื ื”ื—ื•ืœื” ื–ื›ืื™ ืœืงื‘ืœื” ืœืคื™ ื›ืœืœื™ ื”ืกืœ ื•ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ืงื•ืคื”. ืื•ืœื ื”ืงื•ืคื” ืœื ื‘ื—ื ื” ืืช ืžื ื’ื ื•ืŸ ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืขืœ ืฉืœื‘ื™ื• ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื–ื” ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืžื•ืกืžื›ื™ื ืœืืฉืจืŸ. .ื”ืขื“ืคืช ืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ืžื™ื .ืœืคื™ ื ื•ื”ืœื™ ืœืื•ืžื™ืช, ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื ืœืงื ื•ืช ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืžืกื•ื™ืžื•ืช, ื”ื ื™ืชื ื•ืช ืขืœ ืคื™ ืžืจืฉื, ืจืง ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื”ืžืจืงื—ืช ืฉื”ื™ื ืžืคืขื™ืœื” ื‘ืกื ื™ืคื™ื” 6 , ื•ื”ื™ื ืœื ืชื—ื–ื™ืจ ื›ืกืคื™ื ืœื—ื•ืœื™ื ืฉืงื ื• ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืืœื” ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ืžืจืงื—ืช ืคืจื˜ื™ื™ื ืืœื ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ื™ื•ืฆืื™ื ืžื”ื›ืœืœ. ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™ ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืื™ื ื” ื ื•ื”ื’ืช ื‘ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื—ื• ืœื™ื. ืœืžืจื•ืช ื”ื ื•ื”ืœ, ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื ื”ื—ื–ื™ืจื” ื›ืกืคื™ื ืœืงืจื•ื‘ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืฉืœ ืื™ืฉ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ .__________________ .3 ื‘ืžืฆื‘ื™ื ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ืžื•ืงืฆืช ื‘ืชื ืื™ ืชืฉืœื•ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ืกืœ: ืœืžืฉืœ, ืœืื—ืจ ืคืขื•ืœืช ืฆื™ื ืชื•ืจ ืžื•ื ืคืงืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ืกืœ ืœื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื‘ืœื‘ื“. ื•ืื™ืœื• ืœื—ื•ืœื” ืœืื—ืจ ืื™ืจื•ืข ืžื•ื—ื™, ืฉืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืืกืคื™ืจื™ืŸ, ืžื•ื ืคืงืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ืกืœ ื‘ืœื ื”ื’ื‘ืœืช ื–ืžืŸ. 4 ื”ืชื™ืงื™ื ืฉื ื‘ื“ืงื• ืœื ื ื‘ื—ืจื• ื‘ืžื“ื’ื ืกื˜ื˜ื™ืกื˜ื™ ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืžื’ื‘ืœืช ืžืกื“ ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืฉื ื‘ื“ืงื”. 5 ืฉื™ืฉื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื- ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ืฉืจื™ืจื•ืชื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืงื•ืคื”. 6 ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืžืคืขื™ืœื” ื‘ืกื ื™ืคื™ื” ื›-70 ื‘ืชื™ ืžืจืงื—ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืืจืฅ ื•ืงืฉื•ืจื” ื’ื ื‘ื”ืกื›ืžื™ื ืขื ื›-600 ื‘ืชื™ ืžืจืงื—ืชืคืจื˜ื™ื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืงื‘ืœ ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื ืคืงื•ืช ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื”ืžืจืงื—ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืงื•ืคื”. ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช 449 .ืฉืงื ื” ืชืจื•ืคื” ืžืงื•ืจื™ืช7 ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืžืจืงื—ืช ืคืจื˜ื™, ืืฃ ืฉื”ื•ื ืœื ื”ืฆื™ื’ ืœืงื•ืคื” ื“ืจื™ืฉื” ืจืคื•ืื™ืช ืžื•ืกืžื›ืช ื”ืžืฆื“ื™ืงื” ืืช ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ืช ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื•ืœื ืืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ื”ื’ื ืจื™ืช 8 .ืฉื”ืงื•ืคื” ืžื ืคืงืช ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื”ืžืจืงื—ืช ืฉืœื” ืœืขื•ืžืช ื–ืืช, ืœื—ื•ืœื™ื ืื—ืจ ื™ื ืฉืœืคื™ ื”ื•ืจืืช ืจื•ืคื ืžื•ืžื—ื” ื ื–ืงืงื• ื“ื•ื•ืงื ืœืชืจื•ืคื” ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ืช, ืœื ืืคืฉืจื” ื”ืงื•ืคื” ืœืงื ื•ืชื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืžืจืงื—ืช ืคืจื˜ื™ ื•ืœืงื‘ืœ ื”ื—ื–ืจ, ื•ืืฃ ืœื ื ื™ืคืงื” ืื•ืชื” ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื”ืžืจืงื—ืช ืฉืœื”. ืขื•ื“ ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื”ื—ื–ื™ืจื” ืœื—ื•ืœื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืงืจื•ื‘ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืฉืœ ืจื•ืคื ื‘ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ืงื ื™ื™ืช ืชืจื•ืคื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืžืจืงื—ืช ืคืจื˜ื™, ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉื‘ืžืกืžื›ื™ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื‘ืงืฉื” ืœืžืชืŸ ื”ื—ื–ืจ ื”ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ืื™ืŸ ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืฉื”ื—ื•ืœื” ืขื•ืžื“ ื‘ืชื ืื™ื ืœืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ืฉื ืงื‘ืขื• ื‘ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ืกืœ ื•ื‘ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“. .ื”ื—ืœืคืช ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืœื—ื•ืœื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื™ื .ื™ืฉ ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืฉื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืŸ ืžืฉืคื™ืขื•ืช ื”ื™ื˜ื‘ ืขืœ ื”ื—ื•ืœื”, ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื—ืœื™ืคืŸ ื‘ืชืจื•ืคื” ื’ื ืจื™ืช ืื• ืžืงื•ืจื™ืช ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื”, ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœื•ืœ ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ื—ื•ืœื” ื•ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœื• ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืงืฉื•ืช 9. ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืืœื” ืžื›ื•ื ื•ืช "ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื‘ืขืœื•ืช ื—ืœื•ืŸ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ ืฆืจ10." ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื”ื—ืœื™ืคื” ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื›ืืœื” ื’ื ืœื—ื•ืœื™ื ืฉืจื•ืคืื™ื ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื ืงื‘ืขื• ื›ื™ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ื”ื ื™ืชื ืช ืœื”ื ืžืฉืคื™ืขื” ืขืœื™ื”ื ื”ื™ื˜ื‘ ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื—ืœื™ืคื”. ืžืŸ ื”ืจืื•ื™ ืฉืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื™ืคืจืกื ืจืฉื™ืžื” ืฉืœ ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื‘ืขืœื•ืช "ื—ืœื•ืŸ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ ืฆืจ" ื•ื™ืืกื•ืจ ืขืœ ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื—ืœื™ืคืŸ ืœื—ื•ืœื™ื ืฉื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ืžืฉืคื™ืขื” ืขืœื™ื”ื ื”ื™ื˜ื‘ ื•ื”ื—ืœืคืชื” ืขืœื•ืœื” ืœื”ื–ื™ืง ืœื”ื. .ืชืœื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืกื“ืจื™ ื”ืงืฆืืช ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืฉื˜ื•ืคืœื• ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ื ืฆื™ื‘ืช ื”ืงื‘ื™ืœื•ืช .ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจื™ื ืฉืขืฉืชื” ื ืฆื™ื‘ืช ื”ืงื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ืœืคื™ ื—ื•ืง ื‘ื™ื˜ื• ื— ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืžืžืœื›ืชื™ ืฉื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ืชืœื•ื ื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืงืฆืืช ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื”ืขืœื• ื›ื™ ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืื™ื ื” ืžืงืคื™ื“ื” ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœืคื™ ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ืกืœ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืชื ืื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื ื™ืฉ ืœืืฉืจ ืžืชืŸ ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืœื—ื•ืœื™ื, ื•ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื ื’ื ืžื•ืกื™ืคื” ืชื ืื™ื ืžื—ืžื™ืจื™ื ืžืฉืœื”. ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืคื•ื’ืขืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื›ืš ื‘ืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื”, ืฉื›ืŸ ืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื ื”ืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ื ื™ื .__________________ .7 ืจืื• ื”ืขืจื”8. 8 ืชืจื•ืคื” ื’ื ืจื™ืช ื”ื™ื ืชืจื•ืคื” ืชื—ืœื™ืคื™ืช ืœืชืจื•ืคื” ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ืช ื”ืžื™ื•ืฆืจืช ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืคืงืขื” ืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ืคื˜ื ื˜ ืฉืœ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ืช, ื•ืžื•ืชืจ ืœื›ืœ ื™ืฆืจืŸ ืœื™ื™ืฆืจื”. ืชืจื•ืคื” ื’ื ืจื™ืช ืžื›ื™ืœื” ื—ื•ืžืจ ืคืขื™ืœ ืฉื—ื•ื–ืงื• ื•ืžื™ื ื•ื ื• ืฉื•ื•ื™ื ืœืืœื” ืฉืœ ืชืจื•ืคืช ื”ืคื˜ื ื˜. ืชืจื•ืคื” ื’ื ืจื™ืช ืชื™ื—ืฉื‘ ื–ื”ื” ืœืชืจื•ืคืช ื”ืคื˜ื ื˜ ืื ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ืŸ ื”ื‘ื“ืœื™ื ืžื•ื‘ื”ืงื™ื ื‘ืงืฆื‘ ื”ืกืคื™ื’ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื•ืžืจ ื”ืคืขื™ืœ ื‘ื’ื•ืฃ ื•ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื•. 9 ื”ื“ื‘ืจืืคืฉืจื™ ืžืื—ืจ ืฉืžื•ืชืจ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ืžืกื•ื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื”ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื ื•ื’ืข ืœ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช ืฉืœื”ืŸ ื‘ื’ื•ืฃ ื”ืื“ื. 10 "ื”ื—ืœื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™" ื”ื•ื ื”ื˜ื•ื•ื— ืฉืœ ืจื™ื›ื•ื– ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ืฉื‘ื• ื”ืฉืคืขืชื” ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ืช. 450 ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™57ื‘ .ื‘ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื ืืœืฆื™ื ืœืงื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ืžืœื, ืื• ืœืงื ื•ืช ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ืกืœ ืจืง ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืชืขืจื‘ื•ืช ื ืฆื™ื‘ืช ื”ืงื‘ื™ืœื•ืช. .
ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช/ืกื“ืจื™ ื”ืงืฆืืช ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืœืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื - ืงื•ืคืช ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ืช
โ™ฆ . .ืžื‘ื•ื .ืœืคื™ ื—ื•ืง ืžืก ืขืจืš ืžื•ืกืฃ ื”ืชืฉืœ"ื•- 1975 (ืœื”ืœืŸ- ื”ื—ื•ืง), ืžื•ื˜ืœ ืžืก ืขืจืš ืžื•ืกืฃ (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ืžืข"ืž) ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืฉืœ 15.5% (ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 2006 ) ืขืœ ืขืกืงืื•ืช ื‘ืืจืฅ ื•ืขืœ ื™ื‘ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ. ืขืœ ื”ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืœืื•ืฆืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืืช ื”ืžืข"ืž ืฉื’ื‘ื• ืขืœ ืžื›ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื•ืžืชืŸ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื (ืžืก ืขืกืงืื•ืช) ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ื ืคื™ืงื•, ื‘ื ื™ื›ื•ื™ ื”ืžืข"ืž ืฉืฉื™ืœืžื• ืขืœ ืจื›ื™ืฉื•ืชื™ื”ื ื‘ืฉื•ืง ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ ื•ืขืœ ื™ื‘ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ืœืฆื•ืจื›ื™ ื”ืขืกืง (ืžืก ืชืฉื•ืžื•ืช). ืชืฉืœื•ื ื”ืžืข"ืž ื ืขืฉื” ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื“ื™ื•ื•ื— ืชืงื•ืคืชื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืกืงื™ื, ืฉืจื•ืื™ื ืื•ืชื• ื›ืฉื•ืžื” ืขืฆืžื™ืช, ื•ื–ืืช ื‘ืชื•ืš 15 ื™ื•ื ืžืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ื“ื•ื—. ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 2006 ืจืฉื•ืžื™ื ื‘ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื ื›- 417,000 ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื”ืžื•ื’ื“ืจื™ื ื›ืคืขื™ืœื™ื. ื”ื›ื ืกื•ืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืžืข"ืž ื‘- 2005 ื”ืกืชื›ืžื• ื‘-46.4 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ื™ ืฉ"ื—. ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ืช ืžืก ืฉื”ื•ืฆืื” ืฉืœื ื›ื“ื™ืŸ ืงืจื•ื™ื” ื‘ืคื™ ื›ื•ืœ "ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ืช ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช". ื•ื”ื™ื ืž ืฉืžืฉืช ืœื”ืชื—ืžืงื•ืช ืžืžืก, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืืจ ื‘ืื•ืคื ื™ื ื”ื‘ืื™ื: 1. .ืจื›ื™ืฉืชื” ืžืžื™ ืฉืœื ื ืจืฉื ื›ืขื•ืกืง 2. .ื”ื—ืœืคืช ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ืจืฉื•ืžื™ื ื‘ืœื™ ืฉื ืขืฉืชื” ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช 3. .ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ืžื—ื™ืจ ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื” ืžืŸ ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ ื‘ืขืกืงื” ื“ื™ื•ื•ื— ืขืœ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ืช ืžืก ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช ื›ืชืฉื•ืžื” ืžืฉืžืขื• ืœื ืจืง ืงื™ื–ื•ื– ืžืก ืขืจืš ืžื•ืกืฃ ืฉืœื ื›ื“ื™ืŸ, ืืœื ื’ื ื”ืชื—ืžืงื•ืช ืžืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ ืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื” ื•ืžืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืœืื•ืžื™, ืฉื›ืŸ ื›ืš ื’ื“ืœื•ืช ื”ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ื•ืงื˜ื ื” ื”ื”ื›ื ืกื” ื”ื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ื‘ืžืก. ื‘ืฉื ืช 2005 ืขืฉื• ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ืฉืœ ืื’ืฃ ืžืข"ืž ืื•ืžื“ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื”ืขืœืžื•ืช ืžืก ืฉื ืชื™ื•ืช, ืฉื”ืชื‘ืกืก ืขืœ ื ืชื•ื ื™ ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืœืฉื›ื” ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ืช ืœืกื˜ื˜ื™ืกื˜ื™ืงื”. ืขืœ ืคื™ ืื•ืžื“ื ื ืขื•ืžื“ ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ืขืœ ืกื›ื•ื ื”ืขื•ืœื” ืขืœ ื—ืžื™ืฉื” ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ืฉ"ื— ื‘ืฉื ื”. ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ ืขื“ ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 2006 , ืœืกื™ืจื•ื’ื™ืŸ, ื‘ื“ืง ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืืช ื“ืจื›ื™ ื”ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืขื ืชื•ืคืขืช ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช. ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื ืขืจื›ื” ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ืžืข"ืž ื”ืื–ื•ืจื™ื™ื ื‘ืคืชื— ืชืงื•ื•ื”, ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื•ื‘ื ืชื ื™ื”, ื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืจืฉื•ืช. .ื“ืจื›ื™ ืื™ืชื•ืจ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช .ืžืื’ืจ ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื 1. ื‘ืื’ืฃ ืžืข"ืž ืžืฆื•ื™ ืžืื’ืจ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืขืœื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ื’ื™ืฉื• ืขื•ืกืงื™ื , ื•ืžืงื•ืจื• ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืžื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืฆื™ืจืคื• ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ืœื“ื™ื•ื•ื—ื™ื ืฉื”ื’ื™ืฉื• ืœืื’ืฃ ืžืข"ืž. ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ืฉื™ืชืจืชื, ืœืชืฉืœื•ื ืื• ืœื”ื—ื–ืจ, ื ืžื•ื›ื” ืž-15 ,ืืœืคื™ ืฉ"ื—ืื™ื ื ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื ืœื›ืœื•ืœ ืืช ื ืชื•ื ื™ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ืžื”. ืจื•ื‘ ืจื•ื‘ื ืฉืœ ื”ื“ื™ื•ื•ื—ื™ื ื”ื ืžืกื•ื’ ื–ื”. 2. ืžืงื•ืจ ื ื•ืกืฃ ืœื”ืจื—ื‘ืช ืžืื’ืจื™ ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืฉืœ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื ื”ื•ื ืžื”ื›ืœืœืช ืคืจื˜ื™ ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ืฉืื•ืชืจื• ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ืื’ืฃ ืžืข"ืž. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ื‘ืชืงื•ืคื” ื™ื ื•ืืจ 2004 ืขื“ ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 2005 ื”ื•ื›ืœืœื• ื‘ืžืื’ืจ ื ืชื•ื ื™ ืฉืชื™ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืœื‘ื“. ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ 297 .3. ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ื›ื™ืจื™ื ื‘ืื’ืฃ ืžืข"ืž ืคืขืœื• ืœื”ืขืฉืจืชื• ืฉืœ ืžืื’ืจ ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื—ืœืช ื—ื•ื‘ืช ื“ื™ื•ื•ื— ืชืงื•ืคืชื™ ืœืื’ืฃ ื”ืžืข"ืž ืขืœ ื”ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ื‘ืืฉืจ ืœื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ื ืคืงื• ืœื’ื•ืคื™ ืžื’ื–ืจ ื–ื”. ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 2006 , ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ืžืชืงื‘ืœ ืขืœ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ื ืคืงื• ืœืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ืžืฆื•ืžืฆื: ืžืžื•ืฆืข ืฉืœ ื›- 27,000 ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื ื” ืžืชื•ืš ืžื™ืœื™ื•ื ื™ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื›ืืœื” 1 . ื–ืืช, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืืจ, ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื—ืœืง ืžื”ื’ื•ืคื™ื ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื ื“ื•ืจืฉื™ื ืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืœืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื. ื›ืคื•ืขืœ ื™ื•ืฆื ืžื“ืจื›ื™ ื”ื–ื ืช ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืœืžืื’ืจ, ื›ื•ืœืœ ืžืื’ืจ ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื™ืฆื’ื•ืช ืจืง ื›- 10% ืžื›ืœืœ ื”ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื‘ืžืฉืง. ืžื“ื™ ืชืงื•ืคื” ืžื•ืคืง ืžื”ืžืื’ืจ ื“ื•ื— ื‘ืžื’ืžื” ืœืืชืจ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช, ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ืฆืœื‘ืช ื ืชื•ื ื™ ื”ืžืื’ืจ ื•ื”ืคื’ืฉืชื ืขื ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืฉื‘ื“ื™ื•ื•ื—ื™ ื”ืขื•ืกืงื™ื. ืื•ืœื ื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉืžืกืคืจ ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžืื’ืจ ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืงื˜ืŸ, ื”ืจื™ ืฉืฉื™ื˜ื” ื–ื• ืื™ื ื” ืืคืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื™ืฉ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืœื”ื’ื“ืœื” ื•ื”ืขืฉืจื” ืฉืœ ืžืื’ืจ ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืฉื‘ื™ื“ื™ ืื’ืฃ ื”ืžืกื™ื (ืจืื• ืขืœ ื›ืš ื’ื ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš). 4. ืžืื’ืจ ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืžืืคืฉืจ ื’ื ืœืืชืจ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื ื›ืœืœื• ื‘ื“ื™ื•ื•ื— ืœืื’ืฃ ืžืข"ืž, ืื• ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื›ืคื•ืœื•ืช. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืืœื” ืœื•ืงื” ื‘ื—ืกืจ; ื‘- 2005 ื˜ื•ืคืœื• ื›-40% ืžื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืืœื• ื‘ืœื‘ื“. ืžื—ื“ืœ ื–ื” ื ื•ื‘ืข ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืžื›ืš ืฉื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื—ืจื™ื’ื•ืช ืื™ื ื• ื›ืœื•ืœ ื‘ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื–ื›ืื™ื ืœืฉื›ืจ ืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ื‘ื’ื™ื ื•. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืžืŸ ื”ืจืื•ื™ ืœื›ืœื•ืœ ืืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืืœื” ื‘ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”, ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื”ืžืจื™ืฅ ืืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื. 5. ื‘ืฉื ืช 2000 ื”ืงื™ื ืื’ืฃ ืžืข"ืž ื•ืขื“ื” ืœื”ืงืžืช ืžืขืจื›ืช ืœืžื™ืฆื•ื™ ืžื™ื“ืข ืžืžืื’ืจ ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื”ืงื™ื™ื ืืฆืœื•, ื‘ืžื’ืžื” ืœืืชืจ ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื”ื—ืฉื•ื“ื™ื ื‘ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช. ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื ื•ืขื“ื” ื’ื ืœืกื™ื™ืข ื‘ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื“ืจื™ืฉื•ืช ืœื”ื—ื–ืจื™ ืžืข"ืž ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื™ื ื•ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ืœืคืชื™ื—ืช ืชื™ืง ืฉืœ ืขื•ืกืง ื—ื“ืฉ - ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ื ื’ื™ืขื” ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช. ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื” ื”ื’ื™ืฉื” ืืช ื”ืžืœืฆื•ืชื™ื” ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 2001 ื•ื”ื•ืงื ืฆื•ื•ืช ืœื™ื™ืฉื•ื ื”ื”ืžืœืฆื•ืช; ื‘- 2002 ื”ื•ื’ื“ืจื” ืจืฉื™ืžื” ืฉืœ 37 .ืงืจื™ื˜ืจื™ื•ื ื™ื ืœืคื™ื”ื ื™ื™ื›ืœืœ ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืืžื•ืจื” ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ื‘ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 2006 , ื˜ืจื ื ื›ืœืœ ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ืžื™ื“ืข ืฉืžืงื•ืจื• ื‘ื›ืžื—ืฆื™ืช ืžื”ืงืจื™ื˜ืจื™ื•ื ื™ื. ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ืืฃ ืœื ื™ื•ืขื“ื” ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื‘ืžืข"ืž, ืืœื ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื”ืžื•ืคืงื“ื™ื ืขืœ ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื”ื—ื–ืจื™ื ืื• ืคืชื™ื—ืช ืชื™ืงื™ ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื. ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืžื™ื“ืข ืขืœ ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื™ื—ื™ื“ืช ื”ืžื•ื“ื™ืขื™ืŸ ื”ืืจืฆื™ืช ืฉืœ ืื’ืฃ ืžืข"ืž ืื•ืกืคืช ืžื™ื“ืข, ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื–ื” ืขืœ ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช. ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืฉืžืชืงื‘ืœ ื ื‘ื“ืง ื•ืžื•ืขื‘ืจ ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืœืžื—ืœืงืช ื”ื—ืงื™ืจื•ืช. ื—ืœืงื• ื”ืื—ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืžื•ืขื‘ืจ ื›ืžื™ื“ืข ื’ื•ืœืžื™ ืœืžืฉืจื“ื™ื ื”ืื–ื•ืจื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืื’ืฃ ืžืข"ืž. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ื“ืง .__________________ .1 ืขืœ ืคื™ ื ืชื•ื ื™ ืฉืข"ืž ืœื›ืžื•ืช ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉื ืชืงื‘ืœื• ืžืžืขืจื›ืช ืžืจื›ื‘"ื” ื‘ืชืงื•ืคื” ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ื ื•ืืจ 2005 ืœืžืจืก 2006. 298 ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™57ื‘ .ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื˜ื™ืคืœื• ืฉืœื•ืฉืช ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืžืข"ืž ืฉื ื›ืœืœื• ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื‘ื™ื“ื™ืขื•ืช ืžื•ื“ื™ืขื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืขืœ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ืชืงื‘ืœื• ื‘ืฉื ื™ื 2004 -2005 . ื”ื•ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ืžื“ื™ ืฉื ื” ื”ืขื‘ื™ืจื” ื™ื—ื™ื“ืช ื”ืžื•ื“ื™ืขื™ืŸ ื”ืืจืฆื™ืช ืœื›ืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื‘ื™ืŸ8 ืœื›-23 ื™ื“ื™ืขื•ืช ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ื”ืขื•ืกืงื•ืช ื‘ื—ืฉื“ ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืื• ืœื”ืคืฆื” ืฉืœ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช. ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ื™ื ื‘ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื™ื” ื“ืœ. ืžื ื”ืœื™ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ื™ื ื˜ืขื ื• ื›ื™ ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ืžืชืงื‘ืœ ืืฆืœื ื”ื•ื ืฉื˜ื—ื™, ื•ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืขื™ืœื” ืœื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื”ืชื™ืง ืœื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืกืงื™ื. ื˜ืขื ื” ื–ื• ืื™ื ื” ืชื•ืืžืช ืืช ืžืžืฆืื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช. ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช 37 ื™ื“ื™ืขื•ืช ืขืœ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ืชืงื‘ืœื• ื‘- 2004 -2005 ื•ืœื ื˜ื•ืคืœื• ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ืžืข"ืž ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื (ืžืชื•ืš45 ื™ื“ื™ืขื•ืช ืฉื”ืชืงื‘ืœื•), ื ืžืฆืื• 34 .ื™ื“ื™ืขื•ืช ื”ื›ื•ืœืœื•ืช ืคื™ืจื•ื˜ ื‘ืจืžื” ื”ืžืืคืฉืจืช ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ืœื›ืš, ื™ื—ื™ื“ืช ื”ืžื•ื“ื™ืขื™ืŸ ื”ืืจืฆื™ืช ืœื ืขืงื‘ื” ืื—ืจ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืžื™ื“ืข ืฉื ืฉืœื— ืขืœ ื™ื“ื”. ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื” ืฆื™ื™ื ื” ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื›ื™ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื ืื•ืช ื‘ืžื™ื“ืข ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืคืขื•ืœื” ืžืฆื“ ื”ืžืžื•ื ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ื™ื ื”ืื–ื•ืจื™ื™ื, ื•ืžื™ื ื•ื™ ืฉืœ ืจื›ื–ื™ ืžื•ื“ื™ืขื™ืŸ ืœืžืฉืจื“ื™ื. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ื‘ื™ืข ืืช ื“ืขืชื• ื›ื™ ืžืŸ ื”ืจืื•ื™ ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื’ื•ืจื ื‘ืžื˜ื” ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืฉื™ืขืงื•ื‘ ืื—ืจ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจ ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ, ื•ื™ื“ืื’ ืœื›ืš ืฉื™ื™ืขืฉื” ื‘ื• ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืจืื•ื™. ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื” ื”ื•ื“ื™ืขื” ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื ืชื‘ื—ืŸ ื“ืจื›ื™ื ื•ื—ืœื•ืคื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื”ืงื™ื™ื. ื›ืคืœ ืžืก ืกืขื™ืฃ 50 ืœื—ื•ืง ืงื•ื‘ืข ื›ื™ ืื“ื ืฉืื™ื ื• ืจืฉืื™ ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ืช ืžืก ื•ื”ื•ืฆื™ื ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ืช ื›ื–ื•, "ื™ื”ื™ื” ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื‘ืชืฉืœื•ื ื›ืคืœ ื”ืžืก ื”ืžืฆื•ื™ืŸ ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ืช ืื• ื”ืžืฉืชืžืข ืžืžื ื”". ืขื•ื“ ื ืงื‘ืข ื›ื™ "ืขื•ืกืง ืฉื ื™ื›ื” ืžืก ืชืฉื•ืžื•ืช ื”ื›ืœื•ืœ ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ืช ืžืก ืฉื”ื•ืฆืื” ืฉืœื ื›ื“ื™ืŸ, ืจืฉืื™ ื”ืžื ื”ืœ ืœื”ื˜ื™ืœ ืขืœื™ื• ื›ืคืœ ื”ืžืก ื”ืžืฆื•ื™ืŸ ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ืช ืื• ื”ืžืฉืชืžืข ืžืžื ื”, ืืœื ืื ื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื›ื™ื— ืœื”ื ื—ืช ื“ืขืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืžื ื”ืœ ื›ื™ ืœื ื™ื“ืข ืฉื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ืช ื”ื•ืฆืื” ืฉืœื ื›ื“ื™ืŸ". ื‘- 2004 ื—ื•ื™ื‘ื• ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ืฉื”ืคื™ืฆื• ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ืื• ืงื™ื–ื–ื• ืžืก ืชืฉื•ืžื•ืช, ื‘ื›ืคืœ ืžืก ื‘ืกื›ื•ื ืฉืœ 94 ืžืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื—, ืืš ื ื’ื‘ื• ืžื”ื 1.6 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื— ื‘ืœื‘ื“. ืจืื•ื™ ืœืฆื™ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ื›ืคืœ ืžืก ืžืฉืžืขื• ื’ื‘ื™ื™ืช ืกื›ื•ื ื”ืงืจืŸ ื‘ืชื•ืกืคืช 100% ืงื ืก. ื›ืš ืฉื”ื™ืžื ืขื•ืช ืžื’ื‘ื™ื™ืช ื›ืคืœ ื”ืžืก ืžืฉืžืขื” ืื™ื ื• ืจืง ื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ืขื ื™ืฉื” ืืœื ื’ื ื”ืคืกื“ ื”ื›ื ืกื•ืช ืžืื™ ื’ื‘ื™ื™ืช ืงืจืŸ ื”ืžืก. ืื™-ื’ื‘ื™ื™ืช ื›ืคืœ ื”ืžืก ืคื•ื’ืข ื‘ื”ืจืชืขื” ืžืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช; ืขืœ ื”ืื’ืฃ ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœื’ื‘ื™ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื›ืคืœ ื”ืžืก. ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ 299 .ืชืื•ื ืขื ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื .ื”ืงืฉืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื’ืคื™ ื”ืžืก ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื ืžืฆื ื‘ืื—ืจื™ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ืื’ืฃ ืžืข"ืž. ืื•ืœื ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ื—ื™ืกื›ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžืก ืœืžืงื–ื–ื™ ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื ื•ื‘ืข ืžืจื™ืฉื•ื ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ืช ื›ื”ื•ืฆืื” ืžื•ื›ืจืช ืœืฆื•ืจื›ื™ ืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื”. ื ื•ื›ื— ื”ืžืฉืงืœ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ ืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื”, ื ื™ืชืŸ ื”ื™ื” ืœืฆืคื•ืช ืฉืื’ืฃ ืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื” ื™ืคืขืœ ืœื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ื“ื•ืงื™ื ื•ืžืชื•ืืžื™ื ืขื ืื’ืฃ ืžืข"ืž; ืชื™ืื•ื ื›ื–ื” ืœื ื ืขืฉื”. ืื’ืฃ ืžืข"ืž ื•ืื’ืฃ ืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื” ืžืคืขื™ืœื™ื, ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืœื—ื•ื“, ืžื‘ื—ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืœื”ืชืจืช ื ื™ื›ื•ื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืžืก. ืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื” ื‘ื•ื“ืง ืืช ื”ืžื”ื•ืช ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืขืกืงื” ื•ืžืชื™ืจ ืœื ื™ืฉื•ื ืœื ื›ื•ืช ื”ื•ืฆืื” ืขืœ ืคื™ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ืช ืžืก ืฉื”ื•ืฆืื” ืœื•, ื‘ืชื ืื™ ืฉื”ื”ื•ืฆืื” ื”ืืžื•ืจื” ืฉื™ืžืฉื” ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ื”ื›ื ืกืชื•. ืœืขื•ืžืช ื–ืืช, ืœืคื™ ื—ื•ืง ืžืข"ืž ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื ื›ื•ืช ืžืก ืชืฉื•ืžื•ืช ืจืง ืžื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ืช ืžืก ืฉื”ื•ืฆืื” ืœืขื•ืกืง ื›ื“ื™ืŸ. ืœืคื™ื›ืš ืืคืฉืจ ืฉื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ืช ืžืก ืžืกื•ื™ืžืช ืชื•ื›ืจ ืœืฆื•ืจื›ื™ ืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื” ืืš ืœื ืชื•ื›ืจ ืœืฆื•ืจื›ื™ ืžืข"ืž. ืขืœ ืืฃ ืื™ื—ื•ื“ ืื’ืคื™ ื”ืžืกื™ื ื‘ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 2004 , ืœื ืื•ื—ื“ื• ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ืจื™ืฉื•ื ืขืกืง ื—ื“ืฉ ื‘ืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื” ื•ื‘ืžืข"ืž. ื›ืš ืงื•ืจื” ืฉื—ื‘ืจื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ื™ืจืฉื ื‘ืื’ืฃ ืžืข"ืž ื•ืœืงื‘ืœ ื”ื—ื–ืจื™ ืžืข"ืž, ืœืœื ืฉืชืคืชื— ื‘ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ ืชื™ืง ื‘ืื’ืฃ ืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื”; ื›ืš ื”ื™ื ืœื ืชื™ื“ืจืฉ ืœืฉืœื ืžืงื“ืžื•ืช ื•ื ื™ื›ื•ื™ ืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื” ื‘ืžืงื•ืจ ืžืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื ืžืฉืœืžืช. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืขืœ ืฉื ื™ ื”ืื’ืคื™ื ืœืชืื ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ื›ืœืœื™ื ืื—ื™ื“ื™ื, ื›ื›ืœ ื”ื ื™ืชืŸ, ืœื”ืชืจืช ื ื™ื›ื•ื™ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ืช ืžืก ื•ืœื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ืจื™ืฉื•ื ืขืกืง ื—ื“ืฉ. ืชื™ืื•ื ืขื ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื™ืขื™ืœื” ืœืžื ื™ืขืช ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื“ื•ืจืฉืช ืชื™ืื•ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื•ืคื™ื ื”ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ืžื™ืกื•ื™ ื•ื’ื‘ื™ื™ื”. 1. .ื”ื•ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ื”ืคืขื•ืœื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื’ืฃ ืžืข"ืž ืœืžื•ืกื“ ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืœืื•ืžื™ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื”ื ื“ื•ืŸ ืžืฆื•ืžืฆื ื”ืื’ืฃ ืื™ื ื• ื ื•ื”ื’ ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืœืžื•ืกื“ ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืœืื•ืžื™ ืืช ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœื• ืขืœ ืขื•ืกืงื™ื. ื–ืืช ืขืœ ืืฃ ืฉื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืชืฉื•ืžื” ื”ืŸ ื”ื•ืฆืื” ืžื•ื›ืจืช ื”ืžืงื˜ื™ื ื” ืืช ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื ื™ืฉื•ื. ื›ืš ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื, ื‘ืฉื ื” ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ืืคืจื™ืœ 2002 ืœืืคืจื™ืœ 2003 ื‘ื•ืงืจื• 1,462 ืขืกืงื™ื; ืžืชื•ื›ื ื ืชืคืกื• 77 ืขื•ืกืงื™ื (ื›-5% ) ื‘ืงื™ื–ื•ื– ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืชืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช, ื•ื”ืฉื•ืžื•ืช ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ ื”ืžืข"ืž ืฉืงื•ื–ื– ืฉืœื ื›ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ืกืชื›ืžื• ื‘ื›-16 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ื ื™ ืฉ"ื—. ืกื›ื•ื ื›ืœืœ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ืžื” ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ืืœื” ื”ื™ื” ื› -100 ,ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื— ื•ื’ื‘ื™ื™ืช ื“ืžื™ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ (ื› -14% ), ืขืฉื•ื™ื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื‘ืžืงืจื” ื–ื” ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืฉื•ืžื” ืฉืœ ืžื™ืœื™ื•ื ื™ ืฉืงืœื™ื. ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื” ื”ื•ื“ื™ืขื” ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื›ื™ ืœื ื‘ื›ืœ ื—ืงื™ืจ ื” ื”ืžืชื‘ืฆืขืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื™ืฉ ื”ืฉืœื›ื•ืช ื’ื ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืœืื•ืžื™. ืœื›ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื–ื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื’ื•ืจืฃ ืžื™ื“ืข ืœืžื•ืกื“ ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืœืื•ืžื™, ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืกืชืคืง ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™ ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืคืขื•ืœื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืฉื˜ืจืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื”ืžื•ืกื“ ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืœืื•ืžื™ ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืช ื”ื—ืงื™ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช. ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื• ืžื™ื•ื 6.12.06 , ืฆื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืžื•ืกื“ ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืœืื•ืžื™ ื›ื™: "ื™ืฉ ื”ื›ืจื— ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืžื™ื“ืข, ื‘ื™ืŸ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื, ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจื” ื•ื”ืžื•ืกื“ ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืœืื•ืžื™, ืฉื›ืŸ ืขื‘ืจื™ื™ื ื™ ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืžืงืจื™ื ื”ื ื’ื ืขื‘ืจื™ื™ื ื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื—ื•ืง ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื”ืœืื•ืžื™. ื”ืžื•ืกื“ ืžื‘ืจืš ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื–ืžื” ืœืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืคืขื•ืœื” ื‘ื ื“ื•ืŸ". 300 ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™57ื‘ .ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืจืื•ื™ ืฉื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื• ื”ืžื•ืกื“ ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืœืื•ืžื™ ื™ืคืขืœื• ื™ื—ื“ื™ื• ืœื”ื™ื“ื•ืง ื”ืชื™ืื•ื ื•ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ื”ืžื™ื“ืข2 .ื‘ืงืฉืจ ืœืžืื‘ืง ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ื›ื™ ืขื™ืงืจ ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ื”ืคืขื•ืœื” ื”ื ื“ืจืฉ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื ืœืžื•ืกื“ ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืœืื•ืžื™ ืื™ื ื• ื ืžืฆื ื‘ืžื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ืคืœื™ืœื™ ืืœื ื‘ืžื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™, ื•ืœื’ื‘ื™ื• ื™ืฉ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ืชื™ืื•ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื ืœืžื•ืกื“ ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืœืื•ืžื™. 2. ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืกืžื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืจื’ื•ืœื˜ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ืŸ ื”ืฉืœื›ื•ืช ืขืœ ืžื ื™ืขืช ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื ืชื•ื ื•ืช ืœืจืืฉ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ื‘ืชืคืงื™ื“ื• ื›ืจืฉื ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช: (ื) ืžืจื‘ื™ืช ืžืคื™ืฆื™ ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉื ืชืคืกื• ืคืขืœื• ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจื”. ื‘ืขืช ืจื™ืฉื•ื ื—ื‘ืจื” ืื™ืŸ ื“ืจื™ืฉื” ืœื”ืฆื™ื’ ืชืขื•ื“ืช ื–ื”ื•ืช ื›ืืžืฆืขื™ ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ื‘ืœืขื“ื™ ืฉืœ ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ืžื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื”, ื•ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื–ื“ื”ื•ืช ื•ืœื”ื™ืจืฉื ื’ื ืขืœ ืคื™ ืžืก' ื“ืจื›ื•ืŸ. ื›ืš ืงื•ืจื” ืฉืื•ืชื• ืื“ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื•ืคื™ืข ื‘ืžืจืฉืžื™ ืื’ืฃ ืžืข"ืž ืคืขืžื™ื™ื, ื›ื‘ืขืœ ืžื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืฉืชื™ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืฉืœื›ืื•ืจื” ืื™ืŸ ื–ื™ืงื” ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ืŸ. ืžืฆื‘ ื–ื” ืžื•ื ืข ืžืœื”ืชืจื™ืข ืขืœ ืื“ื ืฉื”ืงื™ื ื—ื‘ืจื” ื—ื“ืฉื”, ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ื‘ืขืœื™ื ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจื” ืื—ืจืช ืฉื”ืคื™ืฆื” ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช. (ื‘) ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืจืฉื•ืžื•ืช ืฉืœ ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ืžื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื›ืชื•ื‘ืช ื ืืžืŸ, ืชื™ื‘ืช ื“ื•ืืจ, ืื• ื›ืชื•ื‘ืช ื‘ื—ื•"ืœ, ื•ืœื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื›ืชื•ื‘ื•ืช ืคื™ื–ื™ื•ืช. ืœืœื ืืžืฆืขื™ ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ื•ืื™ืชื•ืจ ื‘ืจื•ืจื™ื ืฉืœ ืžื ื”ืœื™ื ื•ื‘ืขืœื™ ืžื ื™ื•ืช, ืžืชืงืฉื•ืช ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืก ืœื”ืชื—ืงื•ืช ืื—ืจ ื”ืžืคื™ืฆื™ื ืฉืœ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื• ืช ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช. (ื’) ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืจืฉื•ื ื—ื‘ืจื” ืฉื‘ืขืœื™ ืžื ื™ื•ืชื™ื” ื•ืžื ื”ืœื™ื” ื”ื ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืคืœืกื˜ื™ื ื™ืช. ืื ื”ืชื‘ืฆืขื” ืขื‘ื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืื• ื‘ืขืœ ื”ืฉืœื™ื˜ื” ื‘ื”, ื™ืฉ ืงื•ืฉื™ ืœื—ืœื˜ ืืช ื ื›ืกื™ื”ื. ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื• ืžื™ื•ื 25.12.06 ื”ื•ื“ื™ืข ืจืืฉ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ื›ื™: "ื”ืขืจื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืžืขืœื•ืช ืฉืืœื•ืช ื—ื•ืงืชื™ื•ืช ืžื”ืžื“ืจื’ื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื›ืžื• ื–ื›ื•ืช ื”ื”ืชืื’ื“ื•ืช, ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœื›ืคื•ืช ืขืœ ืจื™ืฉื•ื ื›ืชื•ื‘ืช ืคื™ื–ื™ืช, ื–ื›ื•ืช ืœื”ืงื™ื ื—ื‘ืจื” ืœื‘ืขืœื™ ืื–ืจื—ื•ืช ื–ืจื” ื•ื›ื•'. โ€ฆื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ืฉืขื™ืงืจื” ืฉืœ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื, ื”ืจื™ ืฉืขืœื™ื” ืœืจื›ื– ื•ืœืชืื ืืช ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื". ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื” ืžื™ื•ื 19.12.06 ื”ื•ื“ื™ืขื” ืžืฉื˜ืจืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ, ื›ื™ ื‘ืžืชื•ื•ื” ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื”ืจื’ื™ืœ ื‘ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ ืคืฉืข ืžืฉืชืคืช ืžืฉื˜ืจืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืืช ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืœื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ื ืืžืจ ื›ื™ ื‘ื™ื ื•ืืจ 2007 ื™ื•ืงื ืžื•ืงื“ ืžื•ื“ื™ืขื™ืŸ ืžืฉื•ืœื‘ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจื”, ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื ื•ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืื™ืกื•ืจ ื”ืœื‘ื ืช ื”ื•ืŸ. ื”ืžื•ืงื“ ื™ื™ืขืœ ืืช ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื•ืคื™ื ื‘ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ืžื™ื“ืข ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™, ื‘ื”ืฆืœื‘ืชื• ืžื•ืœ ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืฉืœ ื”ื’ื•ืคื™ื ื”ืขืžื™ืชื™ื, ื•ื‘ื”ืคืฆืชื• ืœื’ื•ืจื ื”ืžื˜ืคืœ ื”ื ื›ื•ืŸ. .ืคืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ืœืชื•ืคืขืช ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช .ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ืชื•ืคืขืช ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื”ื•ืงืžื• ื‘ืื’ืฃ ืžืข"ืž ืฉืชื™ ื•ืขื“ื•ืช. ื•ืขื“ื” ื' ื”ื’ื™ืฉื” ืืช ืžืกืงื ื•ืชื™ื” ื‘ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 2000 . ื‘ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 2002 ืžื•ื ืชื” ื•ืขื“ื” ื‘' ื•ื”ื•ื˜ืœ ืขืœื™ื” ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืืช ื“ืจื›ื™ ื™ื™ืฉื•ื ื”ืžืœืฆื•ืช ื•ืขื“ื” ื'. ื•ืขื“ื” ื' ื”ืฆื™ืขื” ืฉืœื•ืฉ ื—ืœื•ืคื•ืช ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื•ืช: 1. ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื”ืคื•ืขืœื™ื ื‘ืขื ืคื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ืžื™ื ื™ื”ื™ื• ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœืงื‘ืœ ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืžืจืืฉ ืžืื’ืฃ ืžืข"ืž ืœื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื”ืžืข"ืž ืœืกืคืง. .__________________ .2 ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ื•ืžื” ืจืื• ื‘ื“ื•ื— ื–ื” ื‘ืคืจืง ืขืœ ื”ืžื•ืกื“ ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืœืื•ืžื™: "ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื ื™ื›ื•ื™ื™ื - ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ืžืขื‘ื™ื“ื™ื ื•ืขื“ื›ื•ืŸ ื’ืžืœืื•ืช". ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ 301 .2. ื›ืœืœ ื”ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ืขื ืฃ ืžืกื•ื™ื ืื• ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื”ืžืฉืง ื™ื—ื•ื™ื‘ื• ื‘ื”ืžืฆืืช ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ืžื•ืช ื•ื”ืขืกืงืื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื ืœืฉื ืจื™ื›ื•ื– ืคืจื˜ื™ื”ืŸ ื‘ืžืื’ืจ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืžื•ืจื—ื‘. 3. ื‘ื“ื•ืžื” ืœืฉื™ื˜ื” ื”ืžื•ืคืขืœืช ืžื•ืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืคืœืฉืชื™ื ื™ืช, ื”ืžื‘ื•ืกืกืช ืขืœ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื•ืช - ืžืงื•ื“ื“ื•ืช, ื‘ืขืกืงืื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช (ื‘ืกื›ื•ืžื™ื ืฉื™ื™ืงื‘ืขื•) ื™ื™ืขืฉื” ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืจืง ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื“ื“ื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื ื•ื™ื•ื“ืคืกื• ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื“ืคื•ืก ืžื•ืจืฉื™ื. ื‘ื“ืจืš ื–ื• ื ื™ืชืŸ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœืืชืจ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืžื•ื—ืฉื‘ ืื™- ื”ืชืืžื•ืช, ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื–ื” ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช. ื‘ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 2004 ื’ื™ื‘ืฉื” ื•ืขื“ื” ื‘' ื˜ื™ื•ื˜ื ืœืฆื• ื•ื ื”ืœื™ื ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื ืœื™ื™ืฉื•ื ื”ื”ืžืœืฆื•ืช. ืขื“ ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืœื ื™ื•ืฉืžื• ื”ื”ืžืœืฆื•ืช ืืฃ ืœื ืœืื—ืช ืžื”ื—ืœื•ืคื•ืช. ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื” ืœืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื”ืžืœืฆื” ืœื”ืงื™ื ืžืื’ืจ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืžื•ืจื—ื‘ ืฆื™ื™ื ื” ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื›ื™ ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื™ื ื•ื”ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื™ื, ืงื™ื™ื "ืงื•ืฉื™ ืจื‘" ื‘ื™ื™ืฉื•ืžื”, ืฉื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื ื“ื•ืจืฉืช ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ืฆื™ื™ื ื” ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื›ื™ ื”ื“ืคืกืช ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื•ืช ืœืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืฉืžื•ืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืคืœืฉืชื™ื ื™ืช ืืคืฉืจื™ืช ืจืง ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื”ื›ืžื•ืช ื”ืงื˜ื ื” ื™ื—ืกื™ืช ืฉืœ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืก ืžืฉื ื™ ื”ืฆื“ื“ื™ื. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื˜ืขื ื•ืช ืื’ืฃ ืžืข"ืž ืื™ื ืŸ ืชื•ืืžื•ืช ืืช ื”ืขื™ื“ืŸ ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™, ืžื” ื’ื ืฉืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืžื ื™ืขืช ื”ืคืกื“ื™ื ื‘ื”ื™ืงืฃ ืฉืœ ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ื™ ืฉืงืœื™ื. ืืฃ ืœื ื ืžืฆื ืฉื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื“ื ื” ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ืžืคื•ืจื˜ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื, ื•ืœื ืขืจื›ื” ืชื—ืฉื™ื‘ื™ื ื”ืžื•ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื—ื•ืกืจ ื›ื“ืื™ื•ืช ื”ื”ืฉืงืขื” ื‘ืžื•ื ื—ื™ื ืฉืœ "ืขืœ ื•ืช-ืชื•ืขืœืช". ื‘ืืฉืจ ืœื—ืœื•ืคืช ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืžืงื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ืžืขื™ืจ ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื›ื™, ื”ืชืฉืชื™ืช ืœื™ื™ืฉื•ื ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ื–ื” ื›ื‘ืจ ืงื™ื™ืžืช ื•ืžื•ืคืขืœืช ื‘ื”ืฆืœื—ื” ืžืขืœ ืœืขืฉืจ ืฉื ื™ื ื‘ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืคืœืกื˜ื™ื ื™ืช. ืขืœ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืคืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ื›ืืžืฆืขื™ ืœืžื ื™ืขื” ื•ืœื”ืจืชืขื” ืžืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช, ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืœื” ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘"ื—ืชื™ืžื•ืช ืืœืงื˜ืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช" 3 . ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืžื ื’ื ื•ืŸ ื—ืชื™ืžื•ืช ื›ื–ื” ืชื•ื›ืœ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื ืœื”ืชื™ืจ ืœืขืกืงื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืžื ืคื™ืงื™ื ืžื™ืœื™ื•ื ื™ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ, ืœื”ื ืคื™ืง ืืช ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืขืฆืžืื™. .๏ ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื•ื”ืกื—ืจ ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืจื ืœืื•ืฆืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื ื–ืง ื‘ ื”ื™ืงืฃ ืฉืœ ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ื™ ืฉืงืœื™ื ื‘ืฉื ื”. ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื”ื™ื‘ื˜ ื”ื›ืกืคื™, ื—ืœื•ืงื” ืœื ืฉื•ื•ื” ืฉืœ ื ื˜ืœ ื”ืžืก ื‘ืฉืœ ื”ืขืœืžื•ืช ืžืก ื’ื•ืจืžืช ืœืชืกื›ื•ืœ ื•ืœืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ืžื•ืกืจ ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ ื”ืžืก ืฉืœ ืžืฉืœืžื™ ื”ืžืก ื”ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœ . ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™ ืžืื‘ืง ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืคืขืช ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื“ืœ. ืื•ืชืจื• ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ื”ืŸ ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืžื ื™ืขื” ื•ื”ืŸ ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืื›ื™ืคื”. ื‘ืงืฉืจ ืœื›ืš ืจืื•ื™ ืœืฆื™ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ืื’ืฃ ืžืข"ืž ื”ืงื™ื ืฉืชื™ ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืฉื”ืžืœื™ืฆื• ืขืœ ื“ืจื›ื™ ืคืขื•ืœื”, ืื•ืœื ืœื ื—ืœ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื‘ืžืฆื‘, .__________________ .3 ื—ืชื™ืžื” ืืœืงื˜ืจื•ื ื™ืช ืžืื•ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ืžื‘ื•ืกืกืช ืขืœ ืฆืžื“ "ืžืคืชื—ื•ืช" ืœื”ืฆืคื ื”, ืœืคืขื ื•ื— ื•ืœืื™ืžื•ืช. ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืื—ื“ ื”ืžืคืชื—ื•ืช ืฉื™ืกื•ืคืง ืœืขื•ืกืง ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื›ืงื•ื“ ืžื•ืฆืคืŸ ื—ื“ -ื—ื“ ืขืจื›ื™. ื—ืชื™ืžื” ื›ื–ื• ืชื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ื™ื—ืฉื‘ ื›ื—ืชื™ืžื” ืžืื•ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ื‘ืžื™ื“ื” ื”ื™ื ืขื•ืžื“ืช ื‘ืชื ืื™ื ืฉื ืงื‘ืขื• ื‘ื—ื•ืง ื—ืชื™ืžื” ืืœืงื˜ืจื•ื ื™ืช ื”ืชืฉืก"ื- 2001. 302 ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™57ื‘ .ื•ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืœื ื”ื•ืขืฉืจ ืžืื’ืจ ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืฉื‘ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืื’ืฃ ื•ืœื ื ื ืงื˜ื• ืฆืขื“ื™ื ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื“ ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช. ื’ื ืžืฉืื•ืชืจื• ืขื‘ืจื™ื™ื ื™ื ืœื ื ืขืฉื” ื“ื™ ืœืขื ื™ืฉืชื. ืœื ื•ื›ื— ื—ื•ืžืจืช ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื ื“ืจืฉ ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ืžืขืจื›ืชื™ ืฉื™ืชื‘ืกืก ืขืœ ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืื“ื ื™ื: 1 . ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืคืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื™ื; 2 . ื”ื’ื‘ืจืช ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ื”ืคืขื•ืœื” ื•ื”ืชื™ืื•ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ืœ ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืจืœื‘ื ื˜ื™ื™ื ื•ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ: ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื, ื”ืžื•ืกื“ ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืœืื•ืžื™, ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืื™ืกื•ืจ ื”ืœื‘ื ืช ื”ื•ืŸ, ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจื”, ืจืฉื ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช, ื•ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ืœืคื™ ื”ืฆื•ืจืš; 3 . ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืืžืฆืขื™ ื”ืื›ื™ืคื” ื•ื”ื’ื‘ื™ื™ื” ื”ืžื•ืคืขืœื™ื ื›ื ื’ื“ ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ื™ื ื™ื. ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ 303 .
ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ 295 . ื”ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ืขื ืชื•ืคืขืช ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช .ืชืงืฆื™ืจ .ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืžืก ืฉื”ื•ืฆืื• ืฉืœื ื›ื“ื™ืŸ ืžื›ื•ื ื•ืช "ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช". ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืืœื” ืžื•ืขืจืš ื‘ืœืžืขืœื” ืžื—ืžื™ืฉื” ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ืฉ "ื— ืœืฉื ื”. ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื™ืื‘ืง ื‘ืชื•ืคืขื” ืงื™ื™ื ื‘ืื’ืฃ ืžืข"ืž ืžืื’ืจ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื™ื™ืขื•ื“ื™ ืฉื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืชื• ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืืชืจ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช. ืืœื ืฉื”ืžืื’ืจ ื›ื•ืœืœ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืขืœ ืคื—ื•ืช ืž-10% ืžื”ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื‘ืžืฉืง. ื‘ืžืื’ืจ ื”ื•ื›ืœืœื• ืžืขื˜ ืžืื•ื“ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ืฉืื•ืชืจื•. ืœื›ืŸ ืฉื™ื˜ืช ืื™ืชื•ืจ ื–ื• ืื™ื ื” ืืคืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช. ื‘ืฉื ืช 2000 ื”ืงื™ื ืื’ืฃ ืžืข"ืž ื•ืขื“ื” ืœื”ืงืžืช ืžืขืจื›ืช ืœืžื™ืฆื•ื™ ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ืžืฆื•ื™ ืืฆืœื•, ืœืกื™ื•ืข ื‘ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืืจ ืขืœ ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ืžื•ืจืฉื™ื ืฉื ืจืฉืžื• ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ืื’ืฃ ืžืข"ืž (ืœื”ืœืŸ ืขื•ืกืง ืื• ืขื•ืกืงื™ื), ื”ื—ืฉื•ื“ื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ื ื’ื™ืขื” ืœื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช. ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 2006 ื˜ืจื ื”ื•ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื™ืฉื•ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžืœืฆื•ืช ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื”. ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื™ื“ื™ืขื•ืช ืžื•ื“ื™ืขื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื”ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ืœื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช, ืฉื”ื•ืขื‘ืจื• ืžืžื˜ื” ืื’ืฃ ื”ืžื›ืก ื•ืžืข"ืž (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ืื’ืฃ ืžืข"ืž) ืฉื‘ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืื• ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื), ืœืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ืžืข"ืž ืฉื ื‘ื“ืงื•, ื”ื™ื” ื“ืœ. ื™ื—ื™ื“ืช ื”ืžื˜ื” ืœื ืขืจื›ื” ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืžืขืงื‘ ืื—ืจ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืžื™ื“ืข ืฉื ืฉืœื— ืขืœ ื™ื“ื” ืœืžืฉืจื“ื™ื. ืจื•ื‘ ืจื•ื‘ื ืฉืœ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ ื›ืคืœ ื”ืžืก ื”ืžื•ื˜ืœื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ืื™ื ื ื ื’ื‘ื™ื. ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ืคืชื™ื—ืช ืชื™ืง ื‘ืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื” ื•ืจื™ืฉื•ื ื‘ืžืข"ืž ืฉืœ ืขื•ืกืง ืื™ื ื ืžืชื•ืืžื™ื. ืขื•ืกืง ืขืœื•ืœ ืœื ืฆืœ ืœืจืขื” ืžืฆื‘ ื–ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื‘ืœ ื”ื—ื–ืจื™ ืžืข"ืž, ื•ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืขืช ืœื”ื™ืžื ืข ืžืœืฉืœื ืžืงื“ืžื•ืช ืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื” ืื• ืœื”ื™ืžื ืข ืžื ื™ื›ื•ื™ ืžืก ื‘ืžืงื•ืจ ืžืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ื ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืฉืœื. ื—ืกืจ ืชื™ืื•ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื, ื”ืžื•ืกื“ ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืœืื•ืžื™ ื•ืจืฉื ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื ื•ื’ืข ื‘ืžืื‘ืง ื‘ืชื•ืคืขืช ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช. ื‘ืขืฉื•ืจ ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ืคืขืœื• ื‘ืื’ืฃ ืžืข"ืž ืฉืชื™ ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืฉื“ื ื• ื‘ืคืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ืืคืฉืจื™ื™ื ืœืฆืžืฆื•ื ืชื•ืคืขืช ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช. ื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœื ืคืขืœื” ืœื™ื™ืฉื•ื ื”ืžืœืฆื•ืช ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช. ืื—ืช ืžื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ืขื” ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ื”ื ื”ื’ืช ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืžืก ืžืงื•ื“ื“ื•ืช. ื”ื ื”ืœืช ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื ืœื ื“ื ื” ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ืžืคื•ืจื˜ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื, ื•ืœื ืขืจื›ื” ืชื—ืฉื™ื‘ื™ื ื”ืžื•ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื—ื•ืกืจ ื›ื“ืื™ื•ืช ื”ื”ืฉืงืขื” ื‘ืžื•ื ื—ื™ื ืฉืœ "ืขืœื•ืช - ืชื•ืขืœืช". 296 ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™57ื‘ .
ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžื™ืกื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ/ื”ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ืขื ืชื•ืคืขืช ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช
โ™ฆ . .ืžื‘ื•ื .ื—ื•ืง ื”ืขื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื•ืช, ื”ืชืฉืž"ื•- 1985 (ืœื”ืœืŸ- ื”ื—ื•ืง), ืžืกืžื™ืš ืืช ืฉืจ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื‘ืชืงื ื•ืช ื›ื™ ืขื‘ื™ืจื” ืฉืื™ื ื” ืคืฉืข ืขืœ ื—ื•ืง ืžื”ื—ื•ืงื™ื ื”ื ืžื ื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืกืคืช ืื• ื‘ืชืงื ื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ืชืงื ื• ืœืคื™ื•, ื”ื™ื ืขื‘ื™ืจื” ืฉื‘ืขื˜ื™ื” ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื˜ื™ืœ ืงื ืก ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ืขื‘ื™ืจื” ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ืช). ื‘ื”ืฆืขืช ื”ื—ื•ืง ืฆื•ื™ืŸ ืฉืžื˜ืจืชื• ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ืช ื”ื™ื ืœืฉืคืจ ืืช ื”ืื›ื™ืคื” ื‘ื“ืจืš ืคืฉื•ื˜ื”, ืžื”ื™ืจื” ื•ื–ื•ืœื”. ื‘ื—ื•ืงื™ื ืฉืคื•ืจื˜ื• ื‘ืชื•ืกืคืช ืœื—ื•ืง ืžืฆื•ื™ื™ื ื—ื•ืงื™ื ืžืชื—ื•ื ื”ืžืกื™ื ื•ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื ืคืงื•ื“ืช ืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื” (ื ื•ืกื— ื—ื“ืฉ), ื”ืชืฉื›"ื- 1961 (ืœื”ืœืŸ- ื”ืคืงื•ื“ื”). ืขื ื–ืืช, ืื™ืŸ ืžื ื™ืขื” ืžืœื”ื’ื™ืฉ ื›ืชื‘ื™ ืื™ืฉื•ื ื‘ืฉืœ ืขื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื•ืช. ืื“ื ืฉื”ื•ื˜ืœ ืขืœื™ื• ืงื ืก ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ ืจืฉืื™ ืœื‘ืงืฉ ืœื”ื™ืฉืคื˜ ืขืœ ื”ืขื‘ื™ืจื” ื‘ื”ืœื™ืš ืคืœื™ืœื™ ืจื’ื™ืœ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืžืฉืคื˜. ืฉื™ืœื ืื“ื ืืช ื”ืงื ืก ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™, ืœื ื™ืจืื• ืื•ืชื• ื›ืžื™ ืฉื”ื•ืจืฉืข ื‘ืคืœื™ืœื™ื, ื•ื”ืขื‘ื™ืจื” ืชื›ื•ืคืจ ืœื•. ืžื›ืืŸ ืฉืชืฉืœื•ื ืงื ืก ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ ื”ื•ื ื”ืงืœื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช ื‘ื”ืฉื•ื•ืื” ืœื’ื–ืจ ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ืฆืคื•ื™ ืœืขื‘ืจื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื’ืฉ ื ื’ื“ื• ื›ืชื‘ ืื™ืฉื•ื ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืžืืกืจ ืื• ืงื ืก ื›ืกืคื™ ื•ื›ืŸ ืคืจืกื•ื ืฉืžื• ื‘ืืžืฆืขื™ ื”ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ืคืกืง ื”ื“ื™ืŸ. ื ื•ืกืฃ ืขืœ ื›ืš, ื™ืฉ ื‘ืขืฆื ื”ื˜ืœืช ื”ืงื ืก ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ ื—ื™ืกื›ื•ืŸ ืœืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืฉื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื ืžื•ื ืขืช ืืช ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืžืฉืชืžืข ืžื”ื. ื‘ื”ืกื›ืžืช ืฉืจ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื•ื‘ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ื—ื•ืงื”, ื—ื•ืง ื•ืžืฉืคื˜ ืฉืœ ื”ื›ื ืกืช ืงื‘ืข ืฉืจ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ื‘ืชืงื ื•ืช ื”ืขื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื•ืช (ืงื ืก ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ - ื—ื™ืงื•ืงื™ ืžืกื™ื), ื”ืชืฉืž"ื•- 1987 (ืœื”ืœืŸ- ื”ืชืงื ื•ืช), ืื™ืœื• ืขื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ืขืœ ื—ื•ืงื™ ื”ืžืกื™ื (ื”ืคืงื•ื“ื” ื•ื”ืชืงื ื•ืช ืขืœ ืคื™ื”) ื™ื”ื™ื• ืขื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื•ืช. ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืชืงื ื•ืช, ืกื›ื•ืžื™ ื”ืงื ืกื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื ืชืœื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ ื”ืขื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื‘ืžืฉืš ื”ืžื—ื“ืœ; ืกื›ื•ืžื™ ื”ืงื ืก ื ืขื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ 980 ืฉ"ื—, ืกื›ื•ื ื”ืงื ืก ืฉืžื•ื˜ืœ ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ืื™-ื”ื™ืขื ื•ืช ืœื“ืจื™ืฉื”, ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ 8,500 ืฉ"ื—, ืกื›ื•ื ื”ืงื ืก ืฉืžื•ื˜ืœ ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ืคื™ื’ื•ืจ ื‘ื“ื™ื•ื•ื— ื‘ืžืฉืš ื™ื•ืชืจ ืž -12 ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื; ื”ืงื ืก ื”ืžื•ื˜ืœ ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ืื™ -ื ื™ื›ื•ื™ ืžืก ื•ืื™ - ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ืžืก ืฉื ื•ื›ื” ื”ื•ื 10% .ืžื”ืกื›ื•ื ืฉืœื ื ื•ื›ื” ืื• ืฉืœื ื”ื•ืขื‘ืจ ื‘ืคืงื•ื“ื” ื”ืขื ื™ืง ื”ืžื—ื•ืงืง ืœืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ื”ืจืฉื•ืช) ืกืžื›ื•ืช ืœืื›ื•ืฃ ืืช ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืง, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ื˜ืœืช ืกื ืงืฆื™ื•ืช ืื–ืจื—ื™ื•ืช - ืงื ืกื•ืช (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ืงื ืกื•ืช ืื–ืจื—ื™ื™ื). ื‘"ืงื ืกื•ืช ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื™ื", ืฉื”ื ืืžืฆืขื™ ืœืื›ื™ืคืช ื”ื—ื•ืง, ื™ืฉ ืžืฉื•ื ืคื™ืฆื•ื™ ื›ืœื›ืœื™ ืขืœ ื”ื ื–ืง ืฉื ื’ืจื ืœืื•ืฆืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”. ื”ื˜ืœืชื ื•ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื ื ืงื‘ืขื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืื•ื˜ื•ืžื˜ื™ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžืขืจื›ืช ืžื—ืฉื‘, ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืžืฉืš ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื—ืœืฃ ืžื”ืžื•ืขื“ ืฉื ืงื‘ืข ืœืชืฉืœื•ื. ืขืœ ื”ืงื ืกื• ืช ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื™ื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืงื ืกื•ืช ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ 289 . ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื, ืฉื”ื ืกื ืงืฆื™ื” ื ื•ืกืคืช ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื” ืฉืœ ืขื‘ื™ืจื” ืคืœื™ืœื™ืช. ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื ืžื˜ื™ืœื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืกืœืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ ืงื ืกื•ืช ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื ื›ืืžืฆืขื™ ื”ืจืชืขืชื™ ืœื”ื’ื‘ืจืช ื”ืฆื™ื•ืช. ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ืืœื” ื™ืฉ ืœื–ืžืŸ ื›ืœ ื ื™ืฉื•ื ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืข ื•ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืฉื™ืงื•ืœ ื“ืขืช ื‘ืืฉืจ ืœื”ื˜ืœืช ืงื ืก ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™. ื—ื˜ื™ื‘ืช ืื›ื™ืคืช ื”ื’ื‘ื™ื™ื” ื‘ื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืื—ืจืื™ืช ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืงื ืกื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื, ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ืฉื•ืžื” ืžืžื•ื ื” ืœืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืขื•ื‘ื“ ื”ื›ืคื•ืฃ ืœืžื—ืœืงืช ื”ืžื•ื“ื™ืขื™ืŸ ื•ืœืคืงื™ื“ ื”ืฉื•ืžื”. ื‘ืชืงื•ืคื” ื™ื•ื ื™ - ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 2006 ื‘ื“ืง ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืฉืœ ืื’ืฃ ืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื” ืฉื‘ืจืฉื•ืช (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ื”ืื’ืฃ) ื‘ืงื ืกื•ืช ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื 1 ,. ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื ืขืฉืชื” ื‘ื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ืžื—ืœืงืช ื”ืžื•ื“ื™ืขื™ืŸ ื•ื‘ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ืฉื•ืžื”: ืคืชื— ืชืงื•ื•ื”, ื‘ืืจ ืฉื‘ืข ื•ื›ืคืจ ืกื‘ื. .ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืงื ืกื•ืช ื•ืกื›ื•ืžื™ื”ื .ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืฉืœืคื™ื”ืŸ ืคื•ืขืœืช ื”ืจืฉื•ืช, ืชื ืื™ ืžืงื“ืžื™ ืœื”ื˜ืœืช ื”ืงื ืก ื”ื•ื ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื’ื™ืฉ ื›ืชื‘ ืื™ืฉื•ื ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ื”ืขื‘ื™ืจื”; ืœื›ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืฉื™ืงื•ืœ ื“ืขืช ืจืื•ื™ ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื ื™ืชื ืช ืœื ื™ืฉื•ื ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ืœืคืจื•ืฉ ืืช ื˜ืขื ื•ืชื™ื•. ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ืžื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื ืžืฆื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื ื™ืฉื•ื ื ื™ืžื•ืงื™ื ื›ื‘ื“ื™ ืžืฉืงืœ (ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืžื—ืœื” ืงืฉื” ืื• ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืžื™ืœื•ืื™ื ื—ืจื™ื’), ื™ืฉ ืœืฉืงื•ืœ ืื ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื™ ืื›ื™ืคื” ื‘ืžื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืงื ืก ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™. ืขืœ ืคื™ ื ืชื•ื ื™ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช, ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืงื ืกื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื ืฉื”ื•ื˜ืœื• ื‘ืฉื ืช 2005 ื”ื™ื” 4,179 , ื•ืกื›ื•ืžื- 15.2 .ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื— ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื—ื˜ื™ื‘ืช ืื›ื™ืคืช ื”ื’ื‘ื™ื™ื”, ื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืงื•ื‘ืขืช ืžื“ื™ ืฉื ื” ืœื›ืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ืฉื•ืžื” ืืช ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืงื ืกื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื ืฉื™ื˜ื™ืœ. ืœืžืฉืจื“ื™ื ืฉื”ื˜ื™ืœื• ืžืขื˜ ืงื ืกื•ืช ื ืงื‘ืขื• ืœืขืชื™ื ืžื›ืกื•ืช ืฉืจื™ืจื•ืชื™ื•ืช. ื›ืš ื’ื“ืœื• ืžื›ืกื•ืช ื”ืื’ืฃ ื‘ืฉื ืช 2005 ื‘ื›-73% - .ื’ื™ื“ื•ืœ ืฉื‘ื—ืœืงื• ืื™ื ื• ืจื™ืืœื™ ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ืขืœื” ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืงื ืกื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ื˜ืœื• ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืฉื ื” ื‘ื› -22% ื‘ืœื‘ื“. ื‘ืชืžืจื•ืฅ ื›ื–ื” ื™ืฉื ื• ื˜ืขื ืœืคื’ื ืฉื›ืŸ ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืกืชืžืš ืขืœ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืžื™ื™ืฆื’ื™ื ืฉืœ ื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืช ื”ืืจื’ื•ืŸ, ืฉืœืคื™ื”ื ื™ื™ืงื‘ืขื• ื™ืขื“ื™ื•. ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื” ืž- 31.12.06 ืฆื™ื™ื ื” ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื ืฉืœืžืฉืจื“ื™ื ืฉืœื ื ื”ื’ื• ืœื”ื˜ื™ืœ ืงื ืกื•ืช ืื• ืฉืžืกืคืจ ื”ืงื ืกื•ืช ืฉื”ื˜ื™ืœื• ื”ื™ื” ืงื˜ืŸ, ื ืงื‘ืขื• ืžื›ืกื•ืช ืฉืจื™ืจื•ืชื™ื• ืช, ื•ื”ืฉื™ื˜ื” ืื›ืŸ ืขืฉืชื” ืœื”ื’ื‘ืจืช ื”ืžื•ื“ืขื•ืช ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืงื ืกื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื ื‘ื”ื. ืขื•ื“ ื”ื•ืกื™ืคื” ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื›ื™ ื‘ - 2006 ืคื•ืชื—ื• ื›ืœื™ื ืžืžื•ื—ืฉื‘ื™ื ืœืงื‘ืœืช ืžื™ื“ืข ืขืœ ืขื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ืžืกื•ื™ืžื•ืช ื•ืœืงื‘ื™ืขืช ื™ืขื“ื™ื ืœื›ืœ ืžืฉืจื“, ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืคื•ื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœ ืฉืœ ื”ื ื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื ืฉืขื‘ืจื• ืขื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ื•ืœืžื—ื“ืœื™ื”ื. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืขืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืฉืœื ื‘ื”ืกืชืžืš ืขืœ ืžื›ืกื•ืช ืฉืจื™ืจื•ืชื™ื•ืช ืืœื ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืื•ืชืŸ ื‘ื”ืชื‘ืกืก ืขืœ ื ื™ืชื•ื— ื•ื”ืขืจื›ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื•ื”ืคื•ื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœ ืœื”ื˜ืœืช ืงื ืกื•ืช ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื•ืžืฉืจื“. .ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื”ื˜ืœืช ืงื ืกื•ืช .1. ื‘ืฉืœื•ืฉืช ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืฉื•ืžื” ืฉื ื›ืœืœื• ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื‘ื“ืง ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืขืœ 30 ื ื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื ืฉื ื‘ื—ืจื• ื‘ืืงืจืื™ ืžืจืฉื™ืžืช ื ื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื ืฉืœื ื”ื’ื™ืฉื• ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ืœืฉื ืช 2003 ื•ืœื ื”ื•ื˜ืœ ืขืœื™ื”ื .__________________ .1 ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืงื•ื“ืžืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ืจืื•ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™ 44 ืฉืœ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ( 1994 '), ืขืž22. 290 ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™57ื‘ .ืงื ืก ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™. ืžื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืขื•ืœื” ืฉื‘-18 ( ืžื”ืžืงืจื™ื60% ) ื”ื™ื” ืจืื•ื™, ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ืœื™ื ื”ืงื‘ื•ืขื™ื ื‘ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื“ืœืขื™ืœ ืฉืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืฉืœืคื™ื”ืŸ ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืงื‘ืœ ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ืœื”ื˜ืœืช ื”ืงื ืก, ืœื”ื˜ื™ืœ ืงื ืก ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™. ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื” ืฉืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืฆื•ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ "ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื”ืžื˜ืคืœื™ื ื‘ืงื ืกื•ืช ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื ืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื›ืกื•ืช ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืขื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ื•ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื ืงื ืกื™ื. ื ืฆื™ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื‘ืกืก ืืช ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ืœื”ื˜ื™ืœ ืงื ืก, ื™ืฉ ืœื–ืžืŸ ื›ืœ ื ื™ืฉื•ื ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืข, ื•ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืฉื™ืงื•ืœ ื“ืขืช ืžืจื‘ื™, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ ื›ื™ ืœืคื™ ื—ื•ื•ืช ื“ืขืช ื”ื™ื•ืขืฅ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ ืœืžืžืฉืœื” ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื˜ื™ืœ ืงื ืก ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ ืื ืœื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื’ื™ืฉ ื›ืชื‘ ืื™ืฉื•ื". ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื’ื ืฆื™ื™ื ื” ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืฉ"ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ, ื‘ืฉืœ ืื™ืœื•ืฆื™ื ืฉืœ ื›ื•ื— ืื“ื ื•ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ืกื“ืจ ืขื“ื™ืคื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืฉื•ืžื”, ืขื•ื‘ื“ ืฉืžื•ื ื” ืœืขืกื•ืง ื‘ืงื ืก ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืฉื•ืžื” ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืžื˜ืœื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื•ืช ื›ืš ืฉื™ืฉ ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืžื•ืงื“ืฉ ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืขื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื•ืช". ื”ืงื ืก ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ ื”ื•ื ืชื—ืœื™ืฃ ืœื”ื’ืฉืช ื›ืชื‘ ืื™ืฉื•ื; ื”ื›ื ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ื›ืจื•ื›ื” ื‘ื”ืฉืงืขืช ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ืžืจื•ื‘ื” ื”ื ื•ื‘ืขืช ืžื”ืฆื•ืจืš ืœืืกื•ืฃ ืจืื™ื•ืช, ืœืฉืงื•ืœ ืืช ื˜ื™ืขื•ื ื™ ื”ื ื™ืฉื•ื ืฉืœื›ืื•ืจื” ืขื‘ืจ ืขื‘ื™ืจื” ื•ืœื’ื‘ืฉ ื”ื—ืœื˜ื”. ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืงื ืก ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ ื”ื•ื ืืžืฆืขื™ ื™ืขื™ืœ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืœื”ืจื—ื‘ืช ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื• ื›ื›ืœ ื”ื ื™ืชืŸ. 2. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ื—ืจ ื‘ืืงืจืื™ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืขืœ18 ื ื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื ืฉืœื ื”ื’ื™ืฉื• ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ื‘ืžื•ืขื“ ื•ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืฉื•ืžื” ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ื• ืœื”ื˜ื™ืœ ืขืœื™ื”ื ืงื ืกื•ืช ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื ื‘ืฉื ื™ื 2004 -2005 . ืžื‘ื“ื™ืงืชื ืขื•ืœื” ืฉืขืœ ืขืฉืจื” ื ื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื ื”ื•ื˜ืœื• ื”ืงื ืกื•ืช ืจืง ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืฉื ื™ื ืฉืขืœื™ื”ืŸ ืœื ื”ื•ื’ืฉื• ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ืื• ืฉื”ืงื ืกื•ืช ืœื ื”ื•ื˜ืœื• ืขืœ ืื™-ื”ื’ืฉืช ื”ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ืืœื ืขืœ ืขื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช. ืขืœ ืฉื‘ืขื” ื ื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื ื”ื•ื˜ืœื• ื”ืงื ืกื•ืช ื–ืžืŸ ืจื‘ - 24 ืขื“30 ื—ื•ื“ืฉ- ืœืื—ืจ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ืขื‘ื™ืจื”. ืœืฉื™ืฉื” ืžื”ื ื›ื‘ืจ ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืขืกืงื™ืช, ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืžืงืฉื” ืืช ื ืงื™ื˜ืช ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืื›ื™ืคื” ื‘ืžืงืจื” ืฉืœ ืื™-ืชืฉืœื•ื ื”ืงื ืก . 10 ืž- 18 ื”ืงื ืกื•ืช ืœื ืฉื•ืœืžื•; ื•ืจืง ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื—ืžื™ืฉื” ืžื”ื ื”ื’ื™ืฉื• ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืฉื•ืžื” ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ืœืคืชื™ื—ืช ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื™ื. ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืฆื™ื™ื ื” ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื” ื›ื™ ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืชื” ื•ื”ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ืฉื ื™ืชื ื• ืœืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืฉื•ืžื” ืืžื ื ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื˜ืคืœ ื‘ืขื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ืžื•ืงื“ื ื›ื›ืœ ื”ืืคืฉืจ ืœืื—ืจ ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ืŸ, ืืš ื›ืืžื•ืจ ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืื™ืœื•ืฆื™ื ืฉืœ ื›ื•ื— ืื“ื ื•ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ืกื“ืจ ืขื“ื™ืคื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืฉื•ืžื”. 3. ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื˜ื™ืœ ืงื ืกื•ืช ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ11 ืกื•ื’ื™ื ืฉืœ ืขื‘ื™ืจื•ืช. ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™ ืฉืื™ืœืชืช ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ ืฉื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืชื” ืž ืื•ืชืจื™ื ื”ื ื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื ืฉืขื‘ืจื• ืขืœ ืกืขื™ืคื™ ื”ื—ื•ืง ืฉื‘ืขื˜ื™ื™ื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื˜ื™ืœ ืงื ืกื•ืช ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื, ืžืืคืฉืจืช ืœื”ืคื™ืง ืžื™ื“ืข ื›ื–ื” ืจืง ืขืœ ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืกื•ื’ื™ ืขื‘ื™ืจื•ืช (ืคื™ื’ื•ืจ ื‘ื”ื’ืฉืช ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™ ืขืœ ื”ื”ื›ื ืกื•ืช, ืื™-ื“ื™ื•ื•ื— ืขืœ ืžื—ื–ื•ืจ ืขืกืงืื•ืช ืœืฆื•ืจืš ืชืฉืœื•ื ืžืงื“ืžื•ืช ื•ืื™ -ืจื™ืฉื•ื ืชืงื‘ื•ืœื™ื). ื™ืฉ ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืœื”ืฉืœื™ื ืืช ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื”ืฉืื™ืœืชื” ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืืคืฉืจ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ืคื™ืง ืžื™ื“ืข ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืขื‘ื™ืจื•ืช. ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืฆื™ื™ื ื” ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื” ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื "ืฉื•ืงื“ืช" ืขืœ ื”ื•ืกืคืช ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืœืฉืื™ืœืชื” ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืขื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžืื’ืจ ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืฉืœื”. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืขืœ ื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืืช ื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ื™ื ื‘ื”ื˜ืœืช ืงื ืกื•ืช, ืœืจืขื ืŸ ืืช ื”ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื‘ื ื“ื•ืŸ ื•ืœืขืงื•ื‘ ืื—ืจ ื™ื™ืฉื•ืžืŸ. ื™ ืฉ ืœื”ื’ื‘ื™ืจ ืืฆืœ ืคืงื™ื“ื™ ื”ืฉื•ืžื” ื•ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื ืฉืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ื›ืš ืืช ื”ืžื•ื“ืขื•ืช ืœื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื˜ืœืช ืงื ืกื•ืช ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื ืขืœ ืขื‘ืจื™ื™ื ื™ื ื›ื›ืœื™ ืœืื›ื™ืคื”, ืœื”ืจืชืขื” ื•ืœืงื™ืฆื•ืจ ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื. ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืžืกืจื” ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื” ื›ื™ "ืื›ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืžืงื•ื ืœื”ื’ื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืžื•ื“ืขื•ืช ืœื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื˜ืœืช ืงื ืกื•ืช ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื ืืฆืœ ืคืงื™ื“ื™ ื”ืฉื•ืžื” ื•ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื ื”ืžืชืื™ืžื™ื." ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ 291 . .ืื™-ืชืฉืœื•ื ืงื ืก ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ .ืœืคื™ ื”ื—ื•ืง, ืงื ืก ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ ื™ืฉื•ืœื ืชื•ืš 60 ,ื™ื•ื ืžืžื•ืขื“ ื”ื”ื•ื“ืขื” ืขืœ ื”ื˜ืœืชื•, ืืœื ืื ื”ื•ื“ื™ืข ื”ื ืงื ืก ื‘ืžืงืจื” ืฉื”ืงื ืก ื”ื•ื ื‘ืกื›ื•ื ืงืฆื•ื‘ (ืœื”ื‘ื“ื™ืœ ืžืงื ืก ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžืกื•ื™ื ืžืกื›ื•ื ื”ืขื‘ื™ืจื”, ืจืื• ืœืขื™ืœ), ื›ื™ ื‘ืจืฆื•ื ื• ืœื”ื™ืฉืคื˜ ืขืœ ื”ืขื‘ื™ืจื”. ืœืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื ื•ืช ืงื•ื‘ืข ื”ื—ื•ืง ื› ื™ "ืœื ื™ื—ืœื• ื‘ื’ื‘ื™ื™ืช ืงื ืก ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™... ื•ืื ื ืคืกืง ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื• ืœื ื™ืžืฉื™ื›ื• ื‘ื• ืื ืžื™ื•ื ืฉื”ื•ื˜ืœ ื”ืงื ืก ืื• ืžื™ื•ื ื”ืคืกืงืช ื”ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข, ืœืคื™ ื”ืžืื•ื—ืจ, ืขื‘ืจื• ื—ืžืฉ ืฉื ื™ื"2 . 1. ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™ ืกื›ื•ื ื”ื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช ืฉื ืžื—ืงื• ื‘ืฉืœ ื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื ื™ื 2002 -2006 ื”ื•ื 10.8 .)ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื— (ื‘ืžื•ื ื—ื™ ืงืจืŸ 2. ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืžืžื•ื—ืฉื‘ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืื’ืฃ ื™ืฉ ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœื”ืฆื™ื’ ืฉืื™ืœืชื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืžื™ื“ืข ืœืฆื•ืจืš ืื›ื™ืคื” ืขืœ ื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื ื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื. ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™ ื‘ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ืฉืื™ืœืชื” ืื™ืŸ ื ื›ืœืœื™ื ื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ืงื ืกื•ืช ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ืชืจื” ืฉืœ ื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื ื™ืฉื•ื, ืืœื ื”ื ืžื•ืฆื’ื™ื ื‘ื ืคืจื“. ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžื›ืš ื‘ื”ืชืจืื•ืช ืœื ื™ืฉื•ื ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืชืฉืœื•ื ื—ื•ื‘ื•ืชื™ื• ืœืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื” ื”ื ืฉืœื—ื•ืช ืื• ื˜ื•ืžื˜ื™ืช, ืœื ื ื›ืœืœื™ื ื—ื•ื‘ื•ืชื™ื• ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ืงื ืกื•ืช ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื. ื“ื‘ืจ ื–ื” ืžืงืฉื” ืœืื›ื•ืฃ ืชืฉืœื•ื ื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ืงื ืกื•ืช ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื. 3. ืกืขื™ืฃ19 ืœื—ื•ืง ืงื•ื‘ืข: "ืœื ืฉื™ืœื ืื“ื ืงื ืก ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ ืชื•ืš ืฉื™ืฉื” ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืžื™ื•ื ื”ื˜ืœืชื•, ืจืฉืื™ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜, ืขืค"ื™ ื‘ืงืฉืช ืชื•ื‘ืข, ืœืฆื•ื•ืช ื›ื™ ื™ื•ื˜ืœ ืขืœื™ื•, ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื”ืงื ืก ืฉืœื ืฉื•ืœื, ืžืืกืจ ืฉืœื ื™ืขืœื” ืขืœ ืฉื ื”...". ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืฉืžื˜ืคืœื™ื ื‘ืงื ืกื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืฉื•ืžื” ื”ื•ืกืžื›ื• ืœืฉืžืฉ ืชื•ื‘ืขื™ื ืœืฆื•ืจืš ืื›ื™ืคืช ื”ื—ื•ืง, ื•ื”ื ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ืงื‘ืขื” ื ื”ืœื™ื ื‘ื ื•ืฉื. ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ืฉื‘ืชืงื•ืคื” ื™ื ื•ืืจ 2004 - ื™ื•ืœื™ 2006 ืœื ื”ื’ื™ืฉื• ืจื•ื‘ ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืฉื•ืžื” ( 16 ืž-25 ) ื›ืœืœ ืื• ื”ื’ื™ืฉื• ืจืง ืžืกืคืจ ืžื•ืขื˜ ืฉืœ ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ืœืžืืกืจ (ืจื•ื‘ื ืคื—ื• ืช ืžืขืฉืจ ืœืฉื ื”); ื”ื”ื™ืžื ืขื•ืช ืžื”ื’ืฉืช ื”ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ืœื ื ื•ืžืงื” ื‘ื›ืชื‘. ื‘ืฉื ื™ ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ืฉื•ืžื” (ืคืชื— ืชืงื•ื•ื” ื•ื‘ืืจ ืฉื‘ืข) ืžื”ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืฉื ื›ืœืœื• ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช, ื”ื•ื’ืฉื• ื‘ืฉื ืช 2005 ืจืง ืืจื‘ืข ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ืœืžืืกืจ ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืฉืจื“. ืขื ื–ืืช, ืœืคื™ ื ืชื•ื ื™ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช, ื”ื’ื™ืฉื• ื‘ืฉื ืช 2005 ื›ืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ื™ื 478 ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ืœืžืืกืจ - ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืฉื”ื•ื 34% ืžื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืืกืจ ื”ืคื•ื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœื™ื•ืช. ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืฆื™ื™ื ื” ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื” ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืืœื”: ื‘ื—ืžื™ืฉื” ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ืฉื•ืžื” ืื™ืŸ ืชื•ื‘ืข ืœืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืกืขื™ืฃ 19 ืœื—ื•ืง; ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื”ืžื˜ืคืœื™ื ื‘ืงื ืกื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื, ื˜ืจื ืขื‘ืจื• ื”ืฉืชืœืžื•ืช ื•ืœื ื”ื•ืกืžื›ื• ื›ืชื•ื‘ืขื™ื; ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ืœื ื”ื•ืคืขืœ ืกืขื™ืฃ 19 ืขืงื‘ ื”ื—ืฉืฉ ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืžืคื ื™ ื”ื•ืคืขื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜. ื”ื™ื ื”ื•ืกื™ืคื” ื›ื™ ื‘ื“ืขืชื” "ืœืงื™ื™ื ื”ืฉืชืœืžื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื‘ื• ื™ื•ื›ืฉืจื• ื•ื™ื•ืกืžื›ื• ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืฉื˜ืจื ืงื™ื‘ืœื• ื”ืกืžื›ื”, ืœืฉื ืŸ ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ืกืžื›ื” ืืช ื”ื ื”ืœื™ื ื•ืœืœื•ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื—ื•ืฉืฉื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื“ืจื›ื ื‘ื”ื’ืฉืช ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช". ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืขืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœื”ื›ืฉื™ืจ ื•ืœื”ืกืžื™ืš ื‘ื”ืงื“ื ืืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื›ืชื•ื‘ืขื™ื ื•ืœืจืขื ืŸ ืืช ื”ื•ืจืื•ืชื™ื” ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื”ื’ ืฉืช ื”ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ืœืžืืกืจ. ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงืจื” ื™ืฉ ืœืชืขื“ ืืช ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ืœืื™-ื”ื’ืฉืช ื”ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช. ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœืžื ื™ืขืช ื”ืคืœื™ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื ื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื ื•ืœื”ื’ื‘ืจืช ื”ื”ืจืชืขื” ืžืคื ื™ ืื™-ืชืฉืœื•ื ืงื ืกื•ืช ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื. .__________________ .2 .ืœืคื ื™ ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื–ื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื—ื•ื‘ ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ืงื ืกื•ืช ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื ืขืฉืจ ืฉื ื™ื 292 ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™57ื‘ . .ื”ื˜ืœืช ื”ืงื ืกื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื ื‘ืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื” ื‘ื”ืฉื•ื•ืื” ืœื”ื˜ืœืชื ื‘ืžืข"ืž .ื—ื•ืง ืžืก ืขืจืš ืžื•ืกืฃ, ื”ืชืฉืœ"ื• - 1975 , ื”ื•ื ืื—ื“ ื”ื—ื•ืงื™ื ื”ื ืžื ื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืกืคืช ืœื—ื•ืง ื”ืขื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื•ืช ื•ืฉื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ืขื‘ื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื”ื•ืจืื•ืชื™ื• ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื˜ื™ืœ ืงื ืก ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืฉื•ื•ื” (ืขืœ ืคื™ ื ืชื•ื ื™ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช) ืืช ืจืžืช ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืงื ืก ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ ื‘ืื’ืฃ ื”ืžื›ืก ื•ืžืข"ืž ื‘ืจืฉื•ืช (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ืื’ืฃ ืžืข"ืž) ืœืขื•ืžืช ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื• ื‘ืื’ืฃ ืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื” (ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืœืฉื ืช 2004 :), ื‘ื ื™ื›ื•ื™ ื”ืงื ืกื•ืช ืฉื‘ื•ื˜ืœื• .ืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื” ืžื›ืก ื•ืžืข"ืž .3,610 37,004 ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืงื ืกื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ื˜ืœื• .2,993 17,015 ืžืกืคืจ ื”ื ืงื ืกื™ื .17,823 17,282 )ืกืš ื›ืœ ื”ืงื ืกื•ืช (ื‘ืืœืคื™ ืฉ"ื— .4,937 439 ื’ื•ื‘ื” ืงื ืก ืžืžื•ืฆืข (ื‘ืฉ"ื—) .11,529 16,329 )ืกืš ื”ืงื ืกื•ืช ืฉืฉื•ืœืžื• (ื‘ืืœืคื™ ืฉ"ื— .65% 94% ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืชืฉืœื•ื ืžื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืฉื‘ื˜ื‘ืœื” ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ืžื™ื“ืช ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืงื ืก ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืื’ืฃ ืžืข"ืž ืžืืฉืจ ื‘ืื’ืฃ ืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื” (ืขื ื–ืืช, ื”ืกื›ื•ื ื”ืžืžื•ืฆืข ืฉืœ ืงื ืก ื”ืžื•ื˜ืœ ื‘ืžืข"ืž ื ืžื•ืš ืžืื•ื“ ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœื–ื” ื”ืžื•ื˜ืœ ื‘ืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื” - 439 ืฉ"ื— ืœืขื•ืžืช 4,937 .)ืฉ"ื— ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื˜ื™ืœ ืงื ืกื•ืช ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืคืขืœืช ืฉื™ืงื•ืœ ื“ืขืช ื•ืจืง ื›ืืฉืจ ืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช ืจืื™ื•ืช ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ืฉื”ื ื™ืฉื•ื ื‘ื™ืฆืข ืืช ื”ืขื‘ื™ืจื”. ืขื ื–ืืช, ื”ื ืชื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื‘ื ืœืขื™ืœ ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืžื™ืขื•ื˜ ื”ืงื ืกื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ื˜ืœื• ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ืื’ืฃ ืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื” ืžืขืœื” ืกืคืงื•ืช ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ืื’ืฃ ื‘ื”ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”. ื“ื•ื’ืžื” ืœื›ืš ื”ื™ื ื”ื˜ืœืช ืงื ืกื•ืช ื‘- 2004 ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืฉื ื™ ืกื•ื’ื™ ืขื‘ื™ืจื•ืช: ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืฉื ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžืกืคืจ ื”ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื”ื•ื’ืฉื• ืœืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื” ื‘ืžื•ืขื“ 18,251 , ื•ืื™ืœื• ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืงื ืกื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ื˜ืœื• ืขืงื‘ ื›ืš ื”ื™ื” 1,919 ( 10.5% ); ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืฆื”ืจื•ืช ื”ื”ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื ื”ื•ื’ืฉื• ื‘ืžื•ืขื“ ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืฉื ื” ื”ื™ื” 12,071 , ื•ืื™ืœื• ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืงื ืกื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ื˜ืœื• ื‘ืฉืœ ื›ืš ื”ื™ื”957 ( 7.9% ). ืจืื•ื™ ืœืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืข"ืž ื ืขื‘ืจื•ืช ืขื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ื“ื•ืžื•ืช ืฉื‘ื’ื™ื ืŸ ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื˜ื™ืœ ืงื ืกื•ืช ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื. ืขืœ ืคื™ ื ืชื•ื ื™ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช, ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืฉื ื” ื”ื™ื” ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ื˜ืœืช ืงื ืกื•ืช ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื ื‘ืž ืข"ืž ืขืœ ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ืฉืขื‘ืจื• ืขื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ื›ืืœื” 77% . ืื—ืช ื”ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœื”ื‘ื“ืœื™ื ืืœื” ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื ื™ ื”ืื’ืคื™ื ื ืขื•ืฆื” ื‘ืžืกืคืจ ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื ื”ืžื•ืกืžื›ื™ื ืœื˜ืคืœ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื: ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ืžืข"ืž ืžื•ืกืžื›ื™ื ืœื”ื˜ื™ืœ ืงื ืกื•ืช ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื ืžืกืคืจ ื‘ืขืœื™ ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื, ื•ืื™ืœื• ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ืฉื•ืžื” ืฉืœ ืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื” ืžื•ืกืžื›ื™ื ืœื”ื˜ื™ืœ ืงื ืกื•ืช ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื ืจืง ืคืงื™ื“ ื”ืฉื•ืžื” ื•ืกื’ื ื•. ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืฆื™ื™ื ื” ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื” ื›ื™ "ืื—ืช ื”ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœื”ื‘ื“ืœื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื” ืœืžืข"ืž ื”ื™ื ืกื“ืจื™ ืขื“ื™ืคื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื”ืžืชื‘ื˜ืื™ื ื‘ื›ื•ื— ื”ืื“ื ื•ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืžื•ืงื“ืฉ ืœื ื•ืฉื ื”ืงื ืกื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื. ืกื™ื‘ื” ื ื•ืกืคืช ื”ื™ื ื”ืขื“ืจ ื”ื›ืฉืจื” ืžืกืคื™ืงื”". ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืขืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœื”ืคื™ืง ืœืงื—ื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ื•ืื” ื–ื• ื•ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื”ื˜ืœืช ืงื ืกื•ืช ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื ื‘ืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื” ื•ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืœืฉื ื›ืš ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื‘ืกื“ืจื™ ื”ืขื“ื™ืคื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื” ืฉื™ืชื‘ื˜ื, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ, ื‘ื”ืงืฆืื” ื•ื‘ื”ื›ืฉืจื” ืฉืœ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื. .๏‰ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ 293 . ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืžืกืจื” ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื” ื›ื™ ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืช ื”ื ื”ืœืชื” ืฉื”ืชืงื™ื™ืžื” ื‘ - 24.12.06 , ืฉื ื“ื•ื ื• ื‘ื” ืžืžืฆืื™ ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ื ื•ืฉื, ื”ืชืงื‘ืœื• ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ื”ืืœื”: ื‘ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืœืฉื ืช 2007 ื™ื™ื ืชืŸ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ืœืชืคื™ืกื” ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ืขืœื•ืช ืืช ื”ืžื•ื“ืขื•ืช ืฉืœ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืงื ืกื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื ื•ืœื”ื’ื“ื™ืœ ืืช ืžื›ืกื•ืช ื”ืงื ืกื•ืช; ื™ืคื•ืจืกื ื ื•ื”ืœ ืœืจืขื ื•ืŸ ื”ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉื; ื™ื•ื“ื’ืฉ ืฉืจื•ื‘ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื”ืžื˜ืคืœื™ื ื‘ืงื ืก ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ื™ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื–ื”; ื™ื•ืงื ืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉื™ื‘ื—ืŸ ืืช ื”ื”ืชื ื”ืœื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ืงื ืกื•ืช ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื. .๏ ืงื ืกื•ืช ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื ื”ื ืื—ื“ ื”ื›ืœื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืก ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื™ืœื—ื ื‘ืชื•ืคืขื” ืฉืœ ืขื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ืขืœ ืคืงื•ื“ืช ืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื” ืฉื—ื•ืžืจืชืŸ ืžืฉื ื™ืช. ืžื”ืžืชื•ืืจ ืœืขื™ืœ ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ืœื ื ืขืฉื” ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืžืกืคื™ืง ื‘ื›ืœื™ ื–ื”: ืœื ื”ื•ื˜ืœื• ืงื ืกื•ืช; ืงื ืกื•ืช ื”ื•ื˜ืœื• ื–ืžืŸ ืจื‘ ืœืื—ืจ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ืขื‘ื™ืจื•ืช; ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ืฉื•ืžื” ืœื ื ื™ืฆืœื• ืืช ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœื‘ืงืฉ ืคืงื•ื“ืช ืžืืกืจ ืœื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ืžื™ื; ืงื ืกื•ืช ืจื‘ื™ื ืฉื”ื•ื˜ืœื• ื‘ื•ื˜ืœื• ื‘ืฉืœ ื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื ื•ืช. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื’ื‘ื™ืจ ื‘ืื’ืฃ ืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื” ื•ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืฉื•ืžื” ืืช ื”ืžื•ื“ืขื•ืช ืœื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื˜ืœืช ืงื ืกื•ืช ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื ื›ื›ืœื™ ืื›ื™ืคื” ื”ืชื•ืจื ืœื”ืจืชืขืช ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ ืขื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ืคื•ื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœื™ื™ื ืžืื™ -ืฆื™ื•ืช ืœื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ืžืก.
ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ 287 .ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื˜ืœืช ืงื ืกื•ืช ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื ืขืœ ืขื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื” .ืชืงืฆื™ืจ .ื—ื•ืง ื”ืขื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื•ืช, ื”ืชืฉืž"ื• - 1985 (ืœื”ืœืŸ- ื”ื—ื•ืง), ืžืกืžื™ืš ืืช ืฉืจ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื‘ืชืงื ื•ืช ืขื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ืขื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื˜ื™ืœ ืงื ืก ื‘ื“ืจืš ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ืช (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ืขื‘ื™ืจื” ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ืช). ื‘ื—ื•ืงื™ื ืฉืคื•ืจื˜ื• ื‘ืชื•ืกืคืช ืœื—ื•ืง ื›ืœื•ืœื” ืคืงื•ื“ืช ืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื” (ื ื•ืกื— ื—ื“ืฉ), ื”ืชืฉื›"ื - 1961 (ืœื”ืœืŸ- ื”ืคืงื•ื“ื”). ื‘ืชืงื ื•ืช ื”ืขื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื•ืช (ืงื ืก ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ - ื—ื™ืงื•ืงื™ ืžืกื™ื), ื”ืชืฉืž"ื•- 1987 (ืœื”ืœืŸ- ื”ืชืงื ื•ืช), ืคื•ืจื˜ื• ื”ืขื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ืขืœ ื—ื•ืงื™ ื”ืžืกื™ื (ื”ืคืงื•ื“ื” ื•ื”ืชืงื ื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ืชืงื ื• ืขืœ ืคื™ื”) ืฉื ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ืขื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื•ืช ื•ืฆื•ื™ืŸ ื”ืงื ืก ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ ืฉื™ืฉื•ืœื ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ื›ืœ ืขื‘ื™ืจื”. ืขืœ ืคื™ ื ืชื•ื ื™ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ื”ืจืฉื•ืช), ืื’ืฃ ืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื” (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ื”ืื’ืฃ) ื”ื˜ื™ืœ ื‘ืฉื ืช 2005 4,179 ืงื ืกื•ืช; ืกื›ื•ืžื ื”ื™ื” 15.2 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื—. ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื” ืฉืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ื”ื˜ืœืช ืงื ืกื•ืช ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื ื”ืขืœืชื” ืืช ื”ืžืžืฆืื™ื ื”ืืœื”: 1. ืžื“ื™ ืฉื ื” ืงื•ื‘ืขืช ื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœื›ืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ืฉื•ืžื” ืžื›ืกื” ืฉืœ ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืงื ืกื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื ืฉื™ื˜ื™ืœ. ืœืžืฉืจื“ื™ ืฉื•ืžื” ืฉืœื ื ื”ื’ื• ืœื”ื˜ื™ืœ ืงื ืกื•ืช ืื• ืฉืžืกืคืจ ื”ืงื ืกื•ืช ืฉื”ื˜ื™ืœื• ื”ื™ื” ืงื˜ืŸ, ื ืงื‘ืขื• ืœืขืชื™ื ืžื›ืกื•ืช ืฉืจื™ืจื•ืชื™ื•ืช; ื›ืš ื’ื“ืœื• ืžื›ืกื•ืช ื”ืื’ืฃ ื‘ืฉื ืช 2005 ื‘ื›-73% - .ื’ื™ื“ื•ืœ ืฉื—ืœืงื• ืื™ื ื• ืจื™ืืœื™ ื‘ืชืžืจื•ืฅ ื›ื–ื” ื™ืฉื ื• ื˜ืขื ืœืคื’ื, ืฉื›ืŸ ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืกืชืžืš ืขืœ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืฉืžื™ื™ืฆื’ื™ื ืืช ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื”ืืจื’ื•ืŸ, ื•ื™ืขื“ื™ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื™ืงื‘ืข ืขืœ ืคื™ื”ื. 2. ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืขืœ 30 ื ื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื ืฉืขื‘ืจื• ืขื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ื•ืœื ื ืงื ืกื• ื‘ื’ื™ื ืŸ ืงื ืกื•ืช ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื ื”ื•ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ืœืคื™ ื”ืงืจื™ื˜ืจื™ื•ื ื™ื ื”ื ื”ื•ื’ื™ื ื‘ืื’ืฃ, ื‘ -18 ืžืงืจื™ื ื”ื™ื” ืจืื•ื™ ืœื”ื˜ื™ืœ ืงื ืกื•ืช. ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืขืœ18 ื ื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ืฉื”ื•ื˜ืœื• ืขืœื™ื”ื ืงื ืกื•ืช ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื ื”ื•ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ืขืœ ืขืฉืจื” ืžื”ื ื”ื•ื˜ืœื• ืงื ืกื•ืช ืจืง ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืขื‘ื™ืจื•ืช, ื•ื‘ืฉื‘ืขื” ืžืงืจื™ื ื”ืงื ืกื•ืช ื”ื•ื˜ืœื• ื–ืžืŸ ืจื‘ ืœืื—ืจ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ืขื‘ื™ืจื”. 3. ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื˜ื™ืœ ืงื ืกื•ืช ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ 11 ,ืกื•ื’ื™ื ืฉืœ ืขื‘ื™ืจื•ืช; ืื•ืœื ืฉืื™ืœืชืช ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ ืฉื ื•ืขื“ื” ืœืืชืจ ื ื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื ืฉืขืœื™ื”ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืฉืงื•ืœ ืœื”ื˜ื™ืœ ืงื ืก, ืžืืคืฉืจืช ืœื”ืคื™ืง ืžื™ื“ืข ื›ื–ื” ืจืง ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืกื•ื’ื™ ืขื‘ื™ืจื•ืช. 4. ืœืคื™ ื”ื—ื•ืง, ื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ืงื ืกื•ืช ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื ืฉืขื‘ืจื• ื—ืžืฉ ืฉื ื™ื ืžื™ื•ื ื”ื˜ืœืชื ื•ืœื ื ื’ื‘ื•, ื ืžื—ืงื™ื. ืกื›ื•ื ื”ื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช ืฉื ืžื—ืงื• ืขืงื‘ ื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื ื•ืช 288 ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™57ื‘ .ื‘ืฉื ื™ื 2002 -2006 ื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื›-10.8 .)ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื— (ื‘ืžื•ื ื—ื™ ืงืจืŸ 5. ื”ื—ื•ืง ืงื•ื‘ืข ืฉืื ื—ืœืคื• ืฉื™ืฉื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืžื™ื•ื ื”ื˜ืœืช ื”ืงื ืก ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ ื•ื”ื•ื ืœื ืฉื•ืœื, ืจืฉืื™ื ืฉืœื˜ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืžืก ืœื‘ืงืฉ ืžื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ืœื”ื˜ื™ืœ ืขืœ ื”ื ื™ืฉื•ื ืžืืกืจ. ื—ืœืง ื ื™ื›ืจ ืžืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืฉื•ืžื” ืœื ื”ื’ื™ืฉื• ื›ืœืœ ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ืœืคืชื™ื—ืช ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื™ื ื ื’ื“ ื ื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื ืื• ื”ื’ื™ืฉื• ืจืง ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ืžืขื˜ื•ืช ื›ืืœื”; ืขื ื–ืืช, ื‘ืกื™ื›ื•ืžื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ื™ืงืฉื• ื”ืžืฉืจื“ื™ื ืขื•ื ืฉื™ ืžืืกืจ ืœ - 34% .ืžื”ื ื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื ืฉื™ื›ืœื• ืœื‘ืงืฉ ืœื’ื‘ื™ื”ื ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ืœืžืืกืจ 6. ื—ื•ืง ืžืก ืขืจืš ืžื•ืกืฃ, ื”ืชืฉืœ"ื•- 1975 , ื”ื•ื ื—ื•ืง ื ื•ืกืฃ ืฉื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ืขื‘ื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื”ื•ืจืื•ืชื™ื• ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื˜ื™ืœ ืงื ืก ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™. ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืงื ืก ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ ื‘ืื’ืฃ ื”ืžื›ืก ื•ืžืข"ืž (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ืื’ืฃ ืžืข"ืž) ื ืคื•ืฅ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืืฉืจ ื‘ืื’ืฃ ืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื”. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ืžืกืคืจ ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื ื”ืžื˜ืคืœื™ื ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื‘ืื’ืฃ ืžืข"ืž ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืืฉืจ ื‘ืื’ืฃ ืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื”. ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืคื™ืง ืžื›ืš ืœืงื—ื™ื. .
ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžื™ืกื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ/ื”ื˜ืœืช ืงื ืกื•ืช ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื ืขืœ ืขื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื”
โ™ฆ . .ืžื‘ื•ื .ื‘- 1990 ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ื” ืžืžืฉืœืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื”ืงื™ื ืืช ืงืจื™ื™ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื‘ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘. ื‘ - 2004 ื”ื•ืงื ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ, ื•ืฉื•ื›ื ื™ื ื‘ื• ืฉื‘ืขื” ื’ื•ืคื™ ืžืžืฉืœื”. ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ื”ืจืฉื•ืช) ืžืื›ืœืกืช ืขืฉืจ ืž-24 ื”ืงื•ืžื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ, ื•ืžืขืกื™ืงื” ื› -750 ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื. ืžืื—ืจ ื•ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื™ื ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ, ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ ืžื™ื ื”ืœ ื”ื“ื™ื•ืจ ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ ืœื”ื˜ื™ืœ ืขืœื™ื” ืืช ืงื™ื•ื ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ืœืจื›ื™ืฉืช ื”ืฆื™ื•ื“ ื•ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืœื›ืœ ื’ื•ืคื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื‘ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ. ื‘ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 2004 ื”ืงื™ืžื” ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืืช ืžื™ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœืงืจื™ื™ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื‘ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืœืช). ืชืคืงื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืœืช ื”ื™ื” ืœืชืื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ืœ ื’ื•ืคื™ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื™ื ื‘ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœืงืจื™ื™ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื•ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื ื”ืœื™ื ื•ืœื•ื—ื•ืช ื–ืžื ื™ื ืœื”ืขื‘ืจืชื ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืงืจื™ื™ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”. ืจื›ื™ืฉืช ืฆื™ื•ื“ ื•ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืœืžืฉืจื“ื™ ืžืžืฉืœื” ื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ืœื”ื™ืขืฉื•ืช ืขืœ ืคื™ ื—ื•ืง ื—ื•ื‘ืช ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื, ื”ืชืฉื "ื‘- 1992 (ืœื”ืœืŸ- ื”ื—ื•ืง), ื•ืขืœ ืคื™ ืชืงื ื•ืช ื—ื•ื‘ืช ื”ืžื› ืจื–ื™ื, ื”ืชืฉื "ื’ - 1993 (ืœื”ืœืŸ- ื”ืชืงื ื•ืช) .ืฉื ืงื‘ืขื• ืœืคื™ื• ื•ื›ืœืœื™ ืชืงื ื•ืŸ ื›ืกืคื™ื ื•ืžืฉืง ืฉืžืคืจืกื ื”ื—ืฉื‘ ื”ื›ืœืœื™ ื‘ืื•ืฆืจ (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ื”ืชื›"ืž). ืžืฉืจื“ ืžืžืฉืœื” ื”ืžื‘ืงืฉ ืœืจื›ื•ืฉ ืฆื™ื•ื“ ืื• ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื‘ืกื›ื•ื ืฉืœ 10,001 -43,000 ืฉ"ื— (ื›ื•ืœืœ ืžืข"ืž) ื ื“ืจืฉ ืœื‘ืงืฉ ื”ืฆืขื•ืช ืžื—ื™ืจ ื‘ื›ืชื‘ ืžืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืกืคืงื™ื ืœืคื—ื•ืช; ืžืฉืจื“ ืžืžืฉืœื” ื”ืžื‘ืงืฉ ืœืจื›ื•ืฉ ืฆื™ื•ื“ ืื• ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื‘ืกื›ื•ื ืฉืœ 43,001 -350,000 ืฉ"ื— ื ื“ืจืฉ ืœืงื™ื™ื ืžื›ืจื– ืกื’ื•ืจ ื•ืœืคื ื•ืช ืœื—ืžื™ืฉื” ืขื“ ืขืฉืจื” ืกืคืงื™ื; ืžืฉืจื“ ืžืžืฉืœื” ื”ืžื‘ืงืฉ ืœืจื›ื•ืฉ ืฆื™ื•ื“ ืื• ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื‘ืกื›ื•ื ืฉืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืž- 350,000 ืฉ"ื— ื ื“ืจืฉ ืœืคืจืกื ืžื›ืจื– ืคื•ืžื‘ื™. ื™ื—ื™ื“ืช ื”ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ื”ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื™ื (ืœื”ืœืŸ- ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื”) ืžื˜ืคืœืช ื‘ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื›ืจื•ืš ื‘ืจื›ื™ืฉื•ืช ื•ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื. ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ืคืจืกืžื” ืืช ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ืœืจื›ื™ืฉืช ื”ืฆื™ื•ื“ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื›ืœ ื”ื’ื•ืคื™ื ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ. ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืฉื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ื” ืื™ืœื• ืกืคืงื™ื ื–ื›ื• ื‘ืžื›ืจื–. ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื” ื”ื™ื• ื ืฆื™ื’ื™ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื”, ื ืฆื™ื’ ื”ื™ื™ืขื•ืฅ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ ื•ื ืฆื™ื’ื™ ื™ื—ื™ื“ืช ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช, ื•ื‘ืจืืฉื” ืขืžื“ ืกื’ืŸ ืžื ื”ืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืžื™ื ื”ืœ ื“ืื–. ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืงื‘ืขื” ืื™ืœื• ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื–ื›ื• ื‘ืžื›ืจื– ืœืืกืคืงืช ื”ืฆื™ื•ื“ ืื• ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื, ื”ื™ื ื”ื•ื“ื™ืขื” ืขืœ ื›ืš ืœื™ืชืจ ื’ื•ืคื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”, ื•ื›ืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ืคื ื” ื‘ืขืฆืžื• ืœื—ื‘ืจื” ืฉื–ื›ืชื” ื‘ืžื›ืจื– ื•ื”ืชืงืฉืจ ืขืžื” ืœืฉื ืจื›ื™ืฉืช ื”ืฆื™ื•ื“ ืื• ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืฉื ื–ืงืง ืœื•. ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื•ืฆื™ืื” ืขืœ ืจื›ื™ืฉืช ื”ืฆื™ื•ื“ ื•ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืžืฉืจื“ื™ื” ื‘ืงืจื™ื™ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื›-11.1 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื— ื‘- 2004 ื•ื›-5.8 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื— ื‘- 2005. ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ื™ื ื•ืืจ -ื™ื•ื ื™ 2006 ื‘ื“ืง ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืœืกื™ืจื•ื’ื™ืŸ, ืืช ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื” ืฉืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ืจื›ื™ืฉืช ืฆื™ื•ื“ ื•ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืงืจื™ื™ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื‘ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘. ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื ืขืฉืชื” ื‘ื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืจืฉื•ืช, ื‘ื™ื—ื™ื“ืช ื”ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ื”ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื•ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื”ืจืฉื•ืช. ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจื™ ื”ืฉืœืžื” ื ืขืฉื• ื‘ืžื™ื ื”ืœืช ื•ื‘ืžื™ื ื”ืœ ื”ื“ื™ื•ืจ ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™. .ืจื›ืฉ ื‘ืœื ืžื›ืจื– .1. ื‘ืชื›"ืž ื ืงื‘ืข ืฉื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ ืื™ื–ื” ื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ืช ื™ืฉ ืœื ืงื•ื˜, ื™ืฉ ืœืืžื•ื“ ืืช ืกื›ื•ื ื”ืจื›ื™ืฉื” ื”ืฆืคื•ื™. ื›ืš ื™ื”ื™ื” ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ืขืจื™ืš ืื ื”ืจื›ื™ืฉื•ืช ื”ืŸ ื‘ื ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื‘ืžื’ื‘ืœื•ืช ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘, ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืื ื”ืฆืขื•ืช ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืกืคืงื™ื ืกื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ื•ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืืช ื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืชื™ื—ื•ืจ ืœืคื™ ืขืœื•ืชื” ื”ืžืฉื•ืขืจืช ืฉืœ ื”ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ืช. ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื ื‘ื“ืงื• ื—ืžืฉ ืขืกืงืื•ืช ืฉื‘ื™ืฆืขื” ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื•ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœื ืืžื“ื” ืืช ืขืœื•ืช ื”ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ืฉืœ ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืžื”ืŸ ืœืคื ื™ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ืขืกืงื”. ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ 305 .2. ืขืœ ืคื™ ืชืงื ื”3(1 ) ืœืชืงื ื•ืช, ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืงืคื™ื“ ืฉื‘ืฉื ืช ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ืฉื‘ื” ืžื‘ื•ืฆืขืช ื”ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ืกืคืง ืœื ื™ืชืงืฉืจ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืขื ืื•ืชื• ืกืคืง ืœื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืขืกืงื” ื‘ืกื›ื•ื ืžืฆื˜ื‘ืจ ืฉืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืž- 86,000 ืฉ"ื—, ื’ื ืื ืขืœื•ืช ื›ืœ ืื—ืช ืžื”ืขืกืงื•ืช ืื™ื ื” ืขื•ืœื” ืขืœ 43,000 ืฉ"ื—. ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœื ืžื™ืœืื” ื”ื•ืจืื” ื–ื•. ื‘ืฉื ืช 2005 ื‘ื™ืฆืขื” ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื›ืžื” ืขืกืงื•ืช ืฉืœ ืจื›ื™ืฉืช ืฆื™ื•ื“ ืžืื•ืชื” ื—ื‘ืจื” ื‘ืกื›ื•ื ื›ื•ืœืœ ืฉืœ ื›- 95,500 ืฉ"ื—. 3. ื‘ื™ื ื•ืืจ 2005 ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ื” ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืจื›ื•ืฉ ืžื—ื‘ืจื” ืžืกื•ื™ืžืช ืžืชืงื ื™ ืฉืชื™ื™ื” ื—ืฉืžืœื™ื™ื ื‘ืกื›ื•ื ื›ื•ืœืœ ืฉืœ ื›- 100,000 ืฉ"ื—, ืืฃ ืฉืœื ืคืจืกืžื” ื›ืœ ืžื›ืจื– ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื›ืš. ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ื”ืชืงื‘ืœื” ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืžื ื”ืœ ื™ื—ื™ื“ืช ื”ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ื”ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื™ื, ืžืจ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื›ืจืžืœื™, ื“ื™ื•ื•ื— ื›ื™ ืœืคื™ ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืฉืขืฉื” ื–ื• ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ืฉืœืžืชืงื ื™ ื”ืฉืชื™ื™ื” ื”ื—ืฉืžืœื™ื™ื ืฉืœื” ื™ืฉ ืชื• ืชืงืŸ ื™ืฉืจืืœื™. ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™, ืœืžืชืงื ื™ ื”ืฉืชื™ื™ื” ื”ื—ืฉืžืœื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืขื•ื“ ืฉืœื•ืฉ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ื™ื” ืชื• ืชืงืŸ ื‘ืื•ืชื• ืžื•ืขื“. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืจื•ืื” ื‘ื—ื•ืžืจื” ืืช ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ืžื ื”ืœ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื”. ื‘ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 2006 ื”ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื›ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื ื›ืฉืชื‘ืฆืข ืขืกืงื•ืช ื‘ืœื ืžื›ืจื– ื”ื™ื ืชืงืคื™ื“ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืขืœ ืžื™ืœื•ื™ ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืง ื•ื”ืชืงื ื•ืช ื”ื ื•ื’ืขื•ืช ืœื›ืš. ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืขืกืงื•ืช ืฉื‘ื™ืฆืขื” ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืฉื ื” ืขื ืกืคืง ื‘ืกื›ื•ื ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืžื”ืกื›ื•ื ื”ืžื•ืชืจ ืœืคื™ ื”ืชืงื ื•ืช ื”ื•ื“ื™ืขื” ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื›ื™ "ื™ื•ื›ืŸ ื˜ื•ืคืก ืฉื™ืžื•ืœื ืข"ื™ ืžื—ืœืงืช ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื™ื ื‘ื• ื™ืฆื•ื™ืŸ ืื™ืœื• ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ืงื•ื“ืžื•ืช ื”ื™ื• ืขื ื”ืกืคืง ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืฉื ื” ื•ืžื” ื”ื™ืงืคืŸ. ื‘ื›ืš ื ื™ืชืŸ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœืงื™ื™ื ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื•ืžืขืงื‘ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื”ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืฉื ืชื™ ื”ื›ื•ืœืœ ืขื ื›ืœ ืกืคืง ื•ืกืคืง ื•ืœื•ื•ื“ื ื›ื™ ื”ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ืžืชื‘ืฆืขื•ืช ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ืชืงื ื•ืช ื—ื•ื‘ืช ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื". .ืจื›ืฉ ื‘ืžื›ืจื– .ื ื‘ื“ืง ืื•ืคืŸ ื ื™ื”ื•ืœื ืฉืœ ื—ืžื™ืฉื” ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ืจื›ืฉ ืฉื‘ื™ืฆืขื” ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืงืจืืช ื”ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ ืงืจื™ื™ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื‘ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘. ื”ืžื›ืจื– ืœืจื›ื™ืฉืช ื›ื™ืกืื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ 2004 ืขืฉืชื” ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืชื™ื—ื•ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืกืคืงื™ื ืฉื–ื›ื• ื‘ืžื›ืจื– ืฉืœ ื”ื—ืฉื‘ ื”ื›ืœืœื™ ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ื”ื—ืฉื›"ืœ) ืœืจื›ื™ืฉื” ืฉืœ ื› - 3,600 ื›ื™ืกืื•ืช ืžื›ืžื” ืกื•ื’ื™ื. ื”ื”ื•ืฆืื” ืฉืœ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื ืœื‘ื“ื” ืขืœ ื”ื›ื™ืกืื•ืช ื”ืกืชื›ืžื” ื‘ื›-1.1 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื—, ืืš ืžืื—ืจ ืฉื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืขืฉืชื” ืืช ื”ืชื™ื—ื•ืจ ื’ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืฉืืจ ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืฉืฉื•ื›ื ื• ื‘ืงืจื™ื™ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”, ืžืกืคืจ ื”ื›ื™ืกืื•ืช ืฉื ื“ืจืฉ ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ื”ื™ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืžื–ื”. ื‘ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 2004 ื–ื›ืชื” ืื—ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืชื™ื—ื•ืจ, ื•ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื—ืชืžื” ืขืžื” ืขืœ ื”ืกื›ื ืœืจื›ื™ืฉืช ื”ื›ื™ืกืื•ืช. 1. ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ ื›ื™ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืจื›ื™ืฉื” ืžืจื•ื›ื–ืช ืฉืœ ืคืจื™ื˜ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืžื–ื›ื” ืืช ื”ืจื•ื›ืฉ ื‘ื”ื ื—ื”. ืœื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื” ืขืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœื ืฆืœ ืืช ื”ื™ืชืจื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืจื›ื™ืฉื” ืžืจื•ื›ื–ืช ื•ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืฉืœ ืฆื™ื•ื“. ื”ื•ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื ื™ื”ืœื” ืชื™ื—ื•ืจ ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ืขืœ ืžืื•ืช ื‘ื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื›ื™ืกืื•ืช, ื›ืืฉืจ ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ื ืจื›ืฉื• ืืœืคื™ ื›ื™ืกืื•ืช. ื‘ื›ืš ืื‘ื“ ื”ื™ืชืจื•ืŸ ื”ืฆืคื•ื™ ืžืจื›ื™ืฉื” ืžืจื•ื›ื–ืช ืฉืœ ืคืจื™ื˜ื™ื ื‘ืžืกืคืจ ืจื‘, ื•ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืฉื™ืœืžื” ืžื—ื™ืจ ื’ื‘ื•ื” ืžื–ื” ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืฉืœื. 306 ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™57ื‘ .2. ืœืคื™ ื”ื—ื•ื–ื” ืื ื™ืจื›ื•ืฉ ื”ืœืงื•ื— ืžื”ืกืคืง ืขื“100 ื›ื™ืกืื•ืช, ื”ื•ื ื™ืฉืœื ืืช ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ืžืจื‘ื™ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื›ื™ืกื, ื•ืื ื™ืจื›ื•ืฉ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืž-300 ื›ื™ืกืื•ืช ื”ื•ื ื™ืฉืœื ืžื—ื™ืจ ื ืžื•ืš ื™ื•ืชืจ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื›ื™ืกื. ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™, ื™ื—ื™ื“ืช ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืจืฉื•ืช ืฉื™ืœืžื” ืœืกืคืง ืืช ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ืžืจื‘ื™ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื›ื™ืกืื•ืช ืฉืจื›ืฉื”, ืืฃ ืฉืžืกืคืจื ื”ืกืชื›ื ื›ืืžื•ืจ ื‘ืืœืคื™ื. ืžื—ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉืขืฉื” ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืขื•ืœื” ืฉื”ืกื›ื•ื ื”ืขื•ื“ืฃ ืฉืฉื™ืœืžื” ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื›ื™ืกืื•ืช ื”ื™ื” ื›- 20,000 .ืฉ"ื— ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื "ืชืขืจื•ืš ื—ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ื ืฉืฉื•ืœืžื• ื‘ื™ืชืจ ื•ืชืคืขืœ ืœื”ืฉื‘ืช ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื". ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื™ืฉ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืžืขืžื™ืงื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื‘ืจืจ ืืช ื”ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœืชืฉืœื•ื ื”ื™ืชืจ. 3. ื‘ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช, ื™ื•ื ื™ 2006 , ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ืืฃ ืฉืขื‘ืจื” ื›ืฉื ื”ืžืžื•ืขื“ ืืกืคืงืช ื”ื›ื™ืกืื•ืช ืœืจืฉื•ืช, ื”ื™ื ืœื ืกืคืจื” ืืช ื”ื›ื™ืกืื•ืช ืฉืจื›ืฉื”. ื”ืžื›ืจื– ืœืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื”ื•ื‘ืœื” 1. ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 2004 ื‘ื™ืงืฉื” ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืฆืขื•ืช ืžื—ื™ืจ ืžื›ืžื” ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ื•ื‘ืœื” ืฉื–ื›ื• ื‘ืžื›ืจื– ืฉืœ ื”ื—ืฉื›"ืœ ื•ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ืงื™ื™ืžื” ืชื™ื—ื•ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื”ืฆืขื•ืช ืฉื”ืชืงื‘ืœื•. ืืš ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ื” ืฉืœื ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ืชื™ื—ื•ืจ ื”ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ื”ืืžื•ืจื•ืช, ืœืœื ื ื™ืžื•ืง. ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ืงื™ื™ืžื” ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื—ื“ืฉ ืฉืœ ืชื™ื—ื•ืจ ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื. ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™, ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ืคื ืชื” ืœืื•ืชืŸ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืฉื”ืขื‘ื™ืจื• ื›ื‘ืจ ืœืžื™ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืฆืขื•ืช ืžื—ื™ืจ. ื›ืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช, ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืื—ืช, ื”ืฆื™ืขื• ืœื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ืืช ืื•ืชืŸ ื”ืฆืขื•ืช ืžื—ื™ืจ ืฉื”ืฆื™ืขื• ืงื•ื“ื ืœื›ืŸ ืœืžื™ื ื”ืœืช. ืจืง ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื–ื•ื›ื” ื”ื•ื–ื™ืœื” ืืช ื”ืฆืขืชื”. ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื–ืืช, ื‘ื™ื ื• ืืจ 2005 ื—ืชืžื” ืืชื” ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืขืœ ื—ื•ื–ื”. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืื ื”ืœื™ืš ืฉืœ ืžื›ืจื– ืื• ื”ืœื™ืš ืชื™ื—ื•ืจ ืื—ืจ ื”ืชืงื™ื™ื ื›ื“ื™ืŸ ื•ื”ืชืงื‘ืœื• ื”ืฆืขื•ืช ืžื—ื™ืจ, ืื™ืŸ ืœืงื™ื™ื ื”ืœื™ืš ื—ื“ืฉ, ื—ื•ืฅ ืžืืฉืจ ื‘ื ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื•ืช; ืžืื—ืจ ืฉืงื™ื•ื ื”ืœื™ืš ื—ื“ืฉ ืขืœื•ืœ ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ื”ื’ื™ื ื•ืช ื”ื”ืœื™ืš ื•ืœื”ื“ืœืคื” ืฉืœ ื”ืฆืขื•ืช ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ. 2. ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ืชื›"ืž, ืœืคื ื™ ืงื™ื•ื ืžื›ืจื– ื™ืฉ ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ื•ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืืช ื›ืœ ืžืืคื™ื™ื ื™ื• ื”ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืขื ืฃ ื”ืืžื•ืจ, ื›ื“ื™ ืœืชืช ืœื”ื ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื”ื•ืœื ื‘ืžื›ืจื– ื•ื‘ื—ื•ื–ื”. ื‘ืขื ืฃ ื”ื”ื•ื‘ืœื” ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ ืฉื‘ืงื™ืฅ ื”ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื™ื ืžืืฉืจ ื‘ื™ืชืจ ืขื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืฉื ื”. ืœื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื” ืขืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœื“ืจื•ืฉ ื‘ืžื›ืจื– ืœืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื”ื•ื‘ืœื” ื”ืฆืขื•ืช ืžื—ื™ืจ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ืชืงืคื•ืช ืœื›ืœ ืขื•ื ื”. ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ืจืฉืื™ืช ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ื‘ืžื›ืจื– ื’ื ื–ื•ื›ื” ืฉื ื™ื™ื”, ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืฉืื ื”ืกื›ื ื”ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ืช ืขื ื”ื–ื•ื›ื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืœื ื™ืฆื ืœืคื•ืขืœ ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืฆื•ืจืš ืœืงื™ื™ื ืžื›ืจื– ืื• ื”ืœื™ืš ืชื—ืจื•ืชื™ ื ื•ืกืคื™ื. ื‘ื—ื•ื–ื” ืฉื ื—ืชื ืขื ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื‘ื™ื ื•ืืจ 2005 ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื” ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืœืกืคืง ืœืจืฉื•ืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื”ื•ื‘ืœื” ื‘ืžื•ืขื“ื™ื ืฉืชืงื‘ืข ื”ืจืฉื•ืช, ืื ื›ื™ ื‘ื—ื•ื–ื” ืœื ืคื•ืจื˜ ืœื•ื— ื”ื–ืžื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืžื•ืขื“ื™ ื”ื”ื•ื‘ืœื”. ืื•ืœื, ืœืื—ืจ ื—ืชื™ืžืช ื”ื—ื•ื–ื” ื”ื•ื“ื™ืขื” ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืœืจืฉื•ืช ื›ื™ ืœื ืชื•ื›ืœ ืœืกืคืง ืœื” ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื”ื•ื‘ืœื” ื‘ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ ื•ื‘ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 2005 . ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื›ืŸ, ืœื ื“ืจืฉื” ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืžื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืœืงื™ื™ื ืืช ื”ื”ืกื›ื ื•ืœืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื”, ื•ืืฃ ืœื ืคืขืœื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื—ืœื˜ ืขืจื‘ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื ืชื ื” ืœื”. ืžืื—ืจ ืฉ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœื ื‘ื—ืจื” ื‘ื–ื•ื›ื” ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ื‘ืžื›ืจื–, ื”ื™ื ื ืืœืฆื” ืœืคืจืกื ืžื›ืจื– ื—ื“ืฉ ืœื‘ื—ื™ืจืช ื—ื‘ืจื” ืฉืชื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืืช ืฉื ื•ืชืจ, ื›ืžื—ืฆื™ืช ื”ืžื˜ืขืŸ. ืžืื—ืจ ืฉื”ืžื›ืจื– ืคื•ืจืกื ื‘ืงื™ืฅ, ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื”ืฆืขืช ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ื–ื•ื›ื” ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ืคื™ ืฉืชื™ื™ื ืžื–ื• ืฉื”ืชืงื‘ืœื” ื‘ืžื›ืจื– ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ื•ื‘ืกื”"ื› ื›- 90,000 .ืฉ"ื— ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ 307 .ื”ืžื›ืจื– ืœืจื›ื™ืฉืช ืžื“ืคื™ื ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ืชื›"ืž, ืขืœ ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ื‘ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ื•ืช ืืช ืžืกืžื›ื™ ื”ื”ืฆืขื•ืช. ืœืคื ื™ ื”ื—ืชื™ืžื” ืขืœ ื”ื—ื•ื–ื” ืขืœื™ื” ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืืช ืžืฆื‘ื” ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื–ื•ื›ื” ื•ืœื”ืขืจื™ืš ืื ื™ืฉ ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื” ืœืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื”. ื‘ืžืื™ 2004 ืคืจืกืžื” ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืžื›ืจื– ืคื•ืžื‘ื™ ืœืจื›ื™ืฉืช ืžื“ืคื™ื ื ื™ื™ื“ื™ื ืœื”ืขืจื›ืชื”, ื”ืชืฉืœื•ื ืœื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื–ื•ื›ื” ื‘ืขื“ ื”ืžื“ืคื™ื ื”ื™ื” ืืžื•ืจ ืœ ื”ืกืชื›ื ื‘ื› -1.2 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื—. ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ 2004 ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ื” ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืขืœ ื–ื›ื™ื™ืชื” ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจื” ื'. ื—ื‘ืจื” ื‘', ืฉื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื” ื’ื ื”ื™ื ื‘ืžื›ืจื–, ืขืจืขืจื” ืขืœ ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ืžื›ืจื– ืžืื—ืจ ืฉื”ื™ื ืžืฆืื” ื›ื™ ื—ื‘ืจื” ื' ื˜ืขืชื” ื‘ื—ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ืฆืขืช ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ืฉืœื”, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื ืงื‘ืข ืฉื”ืฆืขืชื” ื ืžื•ื›ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ. ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื”ืขืจืขื•ืจ ื—ื–ืจื” ื‘ื” ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืžื”ื—ืœ ื˜ืชื” ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื–ื•ื›ื”, ื•ื”ื•ื“ื™ืขื” ืœื—ื‘ืจื” ื‘' ื›ื™ ื–ื›ืชื” ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ืžื›ืจื–. ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ 2004 'ื”ื—ืœื” ื—ื‘ืจื” ื‘ ื‘ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจื ื•ื‘ื”ืชืงื ืชื ืฉืœ ื”ืžื“ืคื™ื ื”ื ื™ื™ื“ื™ื. ื‘ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 2004 , ื›ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื ื—ืชื ื”ื—ื•ื–ื” ืขื ื—ื‘ืจื” ื‘', ื”ืชื‘ืจืจ ืœืจืฉื•ืช ื›ื™ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื ืชื•ื ื” ื‘ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื”ืงืคืืช ื ื›ืกื™ื ื•ืžื•ืคืขืœืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื ืืžืŸ ืฉืœ ื‘ ื™ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜. ืžืฉื•ื ื›ืš ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ื” ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ื™ื ื•ืืจ 2005 ืœื”ืคืกื™ืง ืืช ื”ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ืช ืขืžื” ื•ืœื”ืชืงืฉืจ ืฉื•ื‘ ืขื ื—ื‘ืจื” ื' ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื”ืชืงื ืช ื”ืžื“ืคื™ื ื”ื ื™ื™ื“ื™ื. ืื•ืœื ื—ื‘ืจื” ื' ื”ื•ื“ื™ืขื” ืœืจืฉื•ืช ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื ืื™ื ื” ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ืช ืœื”ืฆืขื” ืฉื”ืฆื™ืขื” ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ืžื›ืจื–, ื•ื‘ื™ืงืฉื” ืชื•ืกืคืช ืฉืœ 14% ืขืœ ื”ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ืฉื”ืฆื™ืขื” ื‘ืžื›ืจื–. ื—ืฉื‘ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืกื™ื›ื ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืขื ื—ื‘ืจื” ื' ืฉืชืงื‘ืœ ืชื•ืกืคืช ืฉืœ 5% .ืขืœ ื”ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ืฉื”ืฆื™ืขื” ื‘ืคืขื•ืœื•ืชื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืชื’ืœื• ื›ืžื” ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื: 1. .'ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ื•ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ืœื ื’ื™ืœื• ืืช ื”ื˜ืขื•ืช ืฉื—ืœื” ื‘ื”ืฆืขืช ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจื” ื 2. ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœื ื‘ื—ืจื” ื–ื•ื›ื” ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ื‘ืžื›ืจื–. ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ื” ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืงื™ื™ื ืžืฉื ื•ืžืชืŸ ื—ื“ืฉ ืขื ื—ื‘ืจื” ื' ื”ื™ื ื ืืœืฆื” ืœืฉืœื ืกื›ื•ื ื’ื‘ื•ื” ืžื–ื” ืฉื”ื•ืฆืข ื‘ืžื›ืจื–. 3. ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืื™ืฉืจื” ืœื—ื‘ืจื” ื‘' ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ื‘ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื•ืช ื•ืืฃ ืฉื™ืœืžื” ืœื” ืชืžื•ืจืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”, ืืฃ ืฉื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืœื ื—ืชืžื” ืขื ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืขืœ ื—ื•ื–ื” ื•ืœื ื”ืขื‘ื™ืจื” ืœืจืฉื•ืช ืขืจื‘ื•ื™ื•ืช. ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืืžืฆืขื™ ื™ืขื™ืœ ื•ื–ืžื™ืŸ ืœื”ื™ืคืจืข ืžืŸ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืขืœ ื”ื ื–ืงื™ื ืฉื ื’ืจืžื• ืœื” ื‘ ืฉืœ ืื™ -ืขืžื™ื“ืชื” ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื‘ื”ืฆืขืชื”. 4. ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืคืกืงืช ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ืชื” ืฉืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืขื ื—ื‘ืจื” ื‘' ืฉื™ืœืžื” ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœื—ื‘ืจื” ื' ื›-550 ืืœืฃ ืฉ"ื— ื‘ืขื“ ื”ืชืงื ืช ื”ืžื“ืคื™ื ื”ื ื™ื™ื“ื™ื. ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืชืงื ื•ืช, ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ืช ื›ื–ื” ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืคืจืกื•ื ืžื›ืจื– ื—ื“ืฉ. 5. ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœื ื—ืชืžื” ืขื ื—ื‘ืจื” ื' ืขืœ ื—ื•ื–ื” ื”ืžืกื“ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ืช ืœืืกืคืงืช ืžื“ืคื™ืื ื™ื™ื“ื™ื. 6. .ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœื ื•ื™ื“ืื” ืฉืžืฆื‘ืŸ ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืฉืขืžืŸ ื—ืชืžื” ืขืœ ื”ืกื›ืžื™ื ื”ื•ื ืฉืคื™ืจ ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ื•ืกื™ืคื” ื™ื—ื™ื“ืช ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืกืขื™ืฃ ืœื ื•ืกื— ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ืฉืคืจืกืžื”: ืœืคื™ื• ืขืœ ื”ืžืฆื™ืข ื”ืฆืขื” ื‘ืžื›ืจื– ืœืฆืจืฃ ืžื›ืชื‘ ื•ื‘ื• ื”ืฆื”ืจืช ืขื•ืจืš ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื›ื™ ืชืคืงื•ื“ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฆื™ืข ืชืงื™ืŸ, ื›ื™ ืœื ืžืชื ื”ืœื•ืช ื ื’ื“ื• ืชื‘ื™ืขื•ืช, ื•ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ืื™ื ื• ื ืชื•ืŸ ื‘ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ืคืฉื™ื˜ืช ืจื’ืœ ืื• ืคื™ืจื•ืง. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ื›ืš, ืฉื›ืŸ ื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ื›ื™ ื—ื‘ืจื” ืื™ื ื” ื ืชื•ื ื” ื‘ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ืคื™ืจื•ืง ืืš ืื™ื ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื”. ืœื›ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืงื™ื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื” ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืœืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ื”ืฆืขืชื”, ื•ื›ืŸ ืขืœื™ื” ืœื”ืงืคื™ื“ ืขืœ ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืขืจื‘ื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื›ืฉื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืืžื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ืฉื”ื™ืงืคื ื’ื“ื•ืœ. 308 ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™57ื‘ . ื”ืžื›ืจื– ืœืจื›ื™ืฉืช ืจื™ื”ื•ื˜ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืชื›"ืž, ื™ืฉ ืœืคืจื˜ ื‘ืžื›ืจื– ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื”ื ื•ื’ืขื™ื ืœืžื•ืฆืจ, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ืชื™ืื•ืจื•, ื”ืจื›ื‘ื• ื•ืื™ื›ื•ืชื•. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืžื•ืฆืจ ืื• ืืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆืข, ื›ื“ื™ ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืฉื”ื•ื ืชื•ืื ืœืžืคืจื˜ ืฉืกื•ื›ื ืขืœื™ื• ื‘ื—ื•ื–ื”. ืจืื•ื™ ืœื”ื™ืขื–ืจ ืœืฉื ื›ืš ื‘ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื, ืื ื™ืฉ ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ. ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ 2004 ืคืจืกืžื” ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืžื›ืจื– ืคื•ืžื‘ื™ ืœืจื›ื™ืฉื” ืฉืœ ืฉื•ืœื—ื ื•ืช ื•ืืจื•ื ื•ืช. ื‘ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 2004 ื”ื™ื ื—ืชืžื” ืขื ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื–ื•ื›ื” ืขืœ ื—ื•ื–ื” ืœืืกืคืงืช ื”ืจื™ื”ื•ื˜, ืชืžื•ืจืช ื›-2 .ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื— ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœื ืฉื›ืจื” ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ืžื•ืžื—ื” ืœื”ื›ื ืช ื”ืžืคืจื˜ ื”ื˜ื›ื ื™ ื•ืœื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื”ืจื™ื”ื•ื˜ ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœื” ืžื”ื—ื‘ืจื”. ื‘ืืคืจื™ืœ 2005 ื˜ืขื ื” ืื—ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืฉืœื ื–ื›ื• ื‘ืžื›ืจื– ื›ื™ ื”ืจื™ื”ื•ื˜ ืฉืกื•ืคืง ืœืจืฉื•ืช ืื™ื ื• ืชื•ืื ืืช ืชื ืื™ ื”ืžื›ืจื–. ื ื•ื›ื— ื–ืืช ืฉื›ืจื” ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ 2005 .ืืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ ืžื•ืžื—ื” ืœื‘ืงืจืช ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืœื™ 2005 ื”ืžืฆื™ื ื”ืžื•ืžื—ื” ื“ื•ื— ื•ืœืคื™ื• ืื™ื›ื•ืชื ื•ืžื—ื™ืจื ืฉืœ ื”ืจื”ื™ื˜ื™ื ืฉืกื™ืคืงื” ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืœืจืฉื•ืช ื ืžื•ื›ื™ื ืžื›ืคื™ ืฉื ืงื‘ืข ื‘ื—ื•ื–ื”. ืขื“ ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช, ื™ื•ื ื™ 2006 , ืœื ื—ื™ืฉื‘ื” ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืืช ื”ื”ืคืกื“ ื”ื›ืกืคื™ ืฉื ื’ืจื ืœื”. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœื ืชื‘ืขื” ืžืŸ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืคื™ืฆื•ื™ ืžืœื ืขืœ ื”ื”ืคืกื“, ื•ืœื ื—ื™ืœื˜ื” ืืช ื”ืขืจื‘ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ืžืฆื™ืื” ื”ื—ื‘ืจื”. ื‘ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™, ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื˜ืจื ืขืฉืชื” ืกืคื™ืจืช ืžืœืื™ ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืจื”ื™ื˜ื™ื ืฉืจื›ืฉื”, ืืฃ ืฉืขื‘ืจื” ื›ืฉื ื” ืžืื– ืกื•ืคืง ื”ืจื™ื”ื•ื˜. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืขืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืชื‘ื•ืข ืžื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื›ื™ ืชืฉืคื” ืื•ืชื” ืฉื™ืคื•ื™ ืžืœื ืขืœ ื”ื”ืคืกื“ ืฉื ื’ืจื ืœื” ืขืงื‘ ื”ืคืจืช ื”ื—ื•ื–ื”. ืจืื•ื™ ื’ื ืœื—ืœื˜ ืืช ื”ืขืจื‘ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ืžืฆื™ืื” ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืœืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ืขืช ื”ื—ืชื™ืžื” ืขืœ ื”ื—ื•ื–ื”. ื”ืžื›ืจื– ืœืจื›ื™ืฉืช ืžื“ืคืกื•ืช ื•ืฆื™ื•ื“ ื”ื™ืงืคื™ ืœืžื“ืคืกื•ืช 1. ื™ื—ื™ื“ืช ื”ืžื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉืœ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ืฉืข"ืž1 ,) ืจื•ื›ืฉืช ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืžื—ืฉื‘ื™ื ืžื“ืคืกื•ืช ื•ืฆื™ื•ื“ ื”ื™ืงืคื™. ื‘ืžืจืก 2004 ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ื” ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ืฉืœ ืฉืข"ืž ืœืจื›ื•ืฉ700 ืžื“ืคืกื•ืช ื•ืฆื™ื•ื“ ื”ื™ืงืคื™ ื ืœื•ื•ื” ืœืžื“ืคืกื•ืช ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืช ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ืงืจื™ื™ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื‘ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘. ื‘ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 2004 ืคื ืชื” ืฉืข"ืž ืœื—ืžื™ืฉื” ืžื”ืกืคืงื™ื ืฉื–ื›ื• ื‘ืžื›ืจื– ืฉืœ ื”ื—ืฉื›"ืœ ื•ื‘ื™ืงืฉื” ืฉื™ื’ื™ืฉื• ืœื” ื”ืฆืขื•ืช ืžื—ื™ืจ ืœืจื›ื™ืฉืช ื”ืžื“ืคืกื•ืช ื•ื”ืฆื™ื•ื“ ื”ื ืœื•ื•ื”. ืžื”ืฉื’ื” ืฉื”ื’ื™ืฉ ืื—ื“ ื”ืกืคืงื™ื ืฉื–ื›ื• ื‘ืžื›ืจื– ื”ืืžื•ืจ ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ืคื’ ืชื•ืงืคื• ืฉืœ ื”ืžื›ืจื– ืฉืคืจืกื ื”ื—ืฉื›"ืœ, ื•ื›ื™ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื—ื•ื–ืจ ืฉื”ืคื™ืฅ ื”ื—ืฉื›"ืœ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื–ื” ืขื•ื“ ื‘ืžืื™ 2004 ื”ื™ื” ืขืœ ืฉืข"ืž ืœืคืจืกื ืžื›ืจื– ื—ื“ืฉ ืœืคื™ ื”ื›ืœืœื™ื ื”ื—ืœื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ืžืžืฉืœื”. ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 2004 ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ื” ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ืฉืœ ืฉืข"ืž ืœื‘ื˜ืœ ืืช ื”ืคื ื™ื™ื” ืœื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืœืฉื ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืฆืขื•ืช ืžื—ื™ืจ. ืจืง ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ 2005 ืื™ืฉืจื” ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ืœืคืจืกื ืžื›ืจื– ืœืจื›ื™ืฉื” ืฉืœ 700-1000 .ืžื“ืคืกื•ืช 2. ื‘ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 2005 ืคื ื” ืžื ื”ืœ ืื’ืฃ ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ื•ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ื‘ืฉืข"ืž, ืžืจ ื™ืฉืขื™ื” ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ืŸ (ืœื”ืœืŸ- ื”ืžื ื”ืœ), ืœืฉืœื•ืฉ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื•ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ืžื”ืŸ ื”ืฆืขื•ืช ืžื—ื™ืจ ื‘ื›ืชื‘ ืœืžื“ืคืกื•ืช. ื™ืฉ ืœืฆื™ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ื”ืžื ื”ืœ ื”ื™ื” ื ื•ื›ื— ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืช ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ื•ื‘ื” ื”ืชืงื‘ืœื” ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ืœืคืจืกื ืžื›ืจื– ืคื•ืžื‘ื™ ืœืจื›ื™ืฉืช ืžื“ืคืกื•ืช. ื‘ื”ืœื™ืš ืชื™ื—ื•ืจ ื”ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ื”ืชื‘ืงืฉื• ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืœื”ืฆื™ืข ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ืœืจื›ื™ืฉืช ืžื“ืคืกื•ืช. ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ื›ื•ืœืœ ื”ืžืจื‘ื™ ืฉื”ืชื‘ืงืฉื• ืœื”ืฆื™ืข ื”ื™ื” 43,000 ,ืฉ"ื— ืฉื›ืŸ ืžื—ื™ืจ ื’ื‘ื•ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืžื›ืจื–. ื‘ - 24.8.05 ืจื›ืฉื” ืฉืข"ืž 36 ืžื“ืคืกื•ืช ืžื—ื‘ืจื” ืžืกื•ื™ืžืช ื‘ืกื›ื•ื ืฉืœ 42,962 ืฉ"ื— (ืจืื• ืœื’ื‘ื™ื” .__________________ .1 ืฉืข"ืž- ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืขื™ื‘ื•ื“ื™ื ืžืžื•ื›ื ื™ื ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ 309 .ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš). ื‘ - 6.9.05 ืจื›ืฉื” ืฉืข"ืž ืžืื•ืชื” ื—ื‘ืจื” ืขื•ื“ 36 ืžื“ืคืกื•ืช. ืฉืข"ืž ืœื ืงื™ื™ืžื” ืชื™ื—ื•ืจ ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืจื›ื™ืฉื” ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžื“ืคืกื•ืช. ืžื”ืืžื•ืจ ืœืขื™ืœ ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™, ื”ืžื ื”ืœ ืœื ืงื™ื™ื ืžื›ืจื–, ืืฃ ื›ื™ ืžื—ื•ื‘ืชื• ื”ื™ื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ืŸ, ื•ื›ื™ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื™ืžื ืข ืžืงื™ื•ื ื”ืžื›ืจื– ืคื™ืฆืœ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืœืื›ื•ืชื™ ืืช ืจื›ื™ืฉืช ื”ืžื“ืคืกื•ืช. ื‘ืคืขื•ืœื” ื–ื• ื™ืฉ ืžืฉื•ื ื”ืคืจื” ืฉืœ ื—ื•ื‘ืชื• ืขืœ ืคื™ ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืคืจืช ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืœ ื”ืชืงื™ืŸ2 . 3. ,'ื”ืžื ื”ืœ ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ืžื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ืืžื•ืจื” ืœืขื™ืœ ื”ืฆืขืช ืžื—ื™ืจ ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืžื“ืคืกืช ืžืชื•ืฆืจืช ื™ืฆืจืŸ ื ื•ืžืฉืชื™ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช ื”ื•ื ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ื”ืฆืขืช ืžื—ื™ืจ ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืžื“ืคืกืช ืžืชื•ืฆืจืช ื™ืฆืจืŸ ื‘' - ืžื“ืคืกืช ื™ื•ืงืจืชื™ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืฉืžื—ื™ืจื” ื›ืžืขื˜ ื›ืคื•ืœ ืžื–ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžื“ืคืกืช ืžืชื•ืฆืจืช ื™ืฆืจืŸ ื'. ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืฉื”ืฆืขืช ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ื‘ืขื“ ื”ืžื“ืคืกืช ืžืชื•ืฆืจืช ื™ืฆืจืŸ ื' ื”ื™ื ื–ื• ืฉื ื‘ื—ืจื”, ื‘ื”ื™ื•ืชื” ื”ื ืžื•ื›ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืงื•ื‘ืข ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืคืขื•ืœื” ื–ื• ืžืฉื•ื ื”ื˜ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืงื‘ื•ืข ื‘ื—ื•ืง ื•ืงื‘ื™ืขื” ืžืจืืฉ ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื–ื•ื›ื”, ื•ืืฃ ื™ืฉ ื‘ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขื•ืจืจ ื—ืฉืฉ ืœืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ื˜ื•ื”ืจ ื”ืžื™ื“ื•ืช. ื‘ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 2006 ื”ืฉื™ื‘ ื”ืžื ื”ืœ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื›ื™ ื”ืžื“ืคืกื•ืช ืžืชื•ืฆืจืช ื™ืฆืจืŸ ื' ื–ื”ื•ืช ืœืžืขืฉื” ืœืžื“ืคืกื•ืช ืžืชื•ืฆืจืช ื™ืฆืจืŸ ื‘'. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื“ื™ื ื” ืฉืœ ื˜ืขื ื” ื–ื• ืœื”ื™ื“ื—ื•ืช, ืฉื›ืŸ ื™ื“ื•ืข ืœื›ื•ืœ ื›ื™ ืžื•ื ื™ื˜ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืฆืจืŸ (ื”ืžื•ืชื’) ื”ื•ื ื‘ืขืœ ืขืจืš ื›ืœื›ืœื™, ื•ืœืคื™ื›ืš ืžื•ืฆืจ ืฉืœ ื™ืฆืจืŸ ื‘ืขืœ ืžื•ื ื™ื˜ื™ืŸ ืขื•ืœื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืžื•ืฆืจ ืฉืœ ื™ืฆืจืŸ ืื—ืจ ืืฃ ืื ื”ื•ื ื–ื”ื” ืœื• ื‘ืชื›ื•ื ื•ืชื™ื•. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ืขืœ ื’ื•ืฃ ืฉืžืงื™ื™ื ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ ื•ื”ืฉื•ื•ืืช ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ืœื“ืจื•ืฉ ืžื›ืœ ื”ืกืคืงื™ื ืฉื”ื•ื ืคื•ื ื” ืืœื™ื”ื ื”ืฆืขื•ืช ืžื—ื™ืจ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืื•ืชื• ืกื•ื’ ืžื•ืฆืจ ืžืžืฉ, ืื• ืœืžืฆืขืจ - ืœืจืฉื•ื ืืช ืจืฉื™ืžืช ื”ืชื›ื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžื•ืฆืจ ื•ืœืืคืฉืจ ืœื›ืœ ื”ืžืฆื™ืขื™ื ืœื”ืฆื™ืข ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื ื”ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ื‘ื“ืจื™ืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืคืจื˜ ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืฉื™ืงื•ืœ ื“ืขืชื. ืจืง ื‘ื“ืจืš ื–ื• ื™ื™ืฉืžืจ ืขืงืจื•ืŸ ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื•ื”ืชื—ืจื•ืช ื”ื”ื•ื’ื ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืฆื™ืขื™ื. .ื”ืžืขื‘ืจ ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื ืœืงืจื™ื™ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” .ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืงื‘ืขื” ื›ื™, ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื ื™ื•ืขื‘ืจื• ืœืงืจื™ื™ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ื ื•ืืจ ืœืžืื™ 2005 ื•ืงื‘ืขื” ืœื•ื— ื–ืžื ื™ื ืœื”ืขื‘ืจื”. ืื•ืœื ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœื ืขืžื“ื” ื‘ืœื•ื— ื”ื–ืžื ื™ื ืฉืงื‘ืขื” - ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ืžื™ืกื•ื™ ืžืงืจืงืขื™ืŸ ืžืจื›ื– ื•ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ ื”ื•ืขื‘ืจื• ืœืงืจื™ื™ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืจืง ื‘ืืคืจื™ืœ 2006 , ื›ืฉื ื” ื•ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืžื•ืขื“ ืฉื ืงื‘ืข. ื‘ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช, ื™ื•ื ื™ 2006 , ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืฉื•ืžื” ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘3 ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ืขื‘ืจ ืœื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื—ื“ืฉ. ื‘ืฉืœ ื”ืขื™ื›ื•ื‘ ื ืืœืฆื” ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืฉืœื ื“ืžื™ ืฉื›ื™ืจื•ืช ื›ืคื•ืœื™ื, ืฉื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ื™ื ื•ืืจ 2005 - ืืคืจื™ืœ 2006 ื”ืกืชื›ืžื• ื‘ื›-2.5 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื— ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืฉื›ื™ืจืช ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ืžื™ืกื•ื™ ืžืงืจืงืขื™ืŸ ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ ื•ืžืจื›ื– ื‘ืžื‘ื ื” ืฉื” ื™ื™ืชื” ืืžื•ืจื” ืœืคื ื•ืช ืขื“ ืžืื™ 2005; ื•ื› -1.5 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื— ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืฉื›ื™ืจืช ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ืคืงื™ื“ ื”ืฉื•ืžื” ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ 3 ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื• ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™. ื‘ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ื™ื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื ืืœืฆืช ืœืฉืœื ืฉื›ื™ืจื•ืช ื›ืคื•ืœื” ื›ืืžื•ืจ, ื”ืžืกืชื›ืžืช ื‘ื›- 210,000 .ืฉ"ื— ื‘ื›ืœ ืจื‘ืขื•ืŸ .__________________ .2 (ืจืื• ืœืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืขืช"ื (ื™-ื) 353/01 .)ื‘.ืช.ืœ. ื ' ืž"ื™ 310 ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™57ื‘ .ื™ืฉ ืœืฆื™ื™ืŸ ื›ื™, ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืฉื•ืžื” ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ 3 ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื• ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™ ืื™ื ื• ื ื’ื™ืฉ ืœื‘ืขืœื™ ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ื™ื•ืช, ืืฃ ื›ื™ ืœืคื™ ื—ื•ืง ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืขื ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ื™ื•ืช, ื”ืชืฉื "ื—- 1998 , .ื’ื•ืคื™ื ื”ื ื•ืชื ื™ื ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื ื’ื™ืฉื™ื ืœื‘ืขืœื™ ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื›ื™ ื ืฆื™ื’ื•ืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืฉืœื” ื”ืชื ื’ื“ื” ื ื—ืจืฆื•ืช ืœืžืขื‘ืจ ืœืงืจื™ื™ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”, ื•ืžืฉื•ื ื›ืš ื”ืžืขื‘ืจ ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ืคืงื™ื“ ื”ืฉื•ืžื” ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ 3 ืœืงืจื™ื™ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืžืชืขื›ื‘. .๏ ืžืžืžืฆืื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืจื›ื™ืฉื” ืฉืœ ืฆื™ื•ื“ ื•ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืฉื‘ื™ืฆืขื” ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืžืฉืจื“ื™ื” ื‘ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ ืงืจื™ื™ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื‘ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ ื”ื™ื” ืœืงื•ื™, ื‘ืืฉืจ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœื ื”ืงืคื™ื“ื” ืฉื”ืจื›ื™ืฉื•ืช ื™ื™ืขืฉื• ืœืคื™ ื—ื•ืง ื—ื•ื‘ืช ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื, ื”ืชืฉื "ื‘- 1992 ื•ืœืคื™ ื”ืชืงื ื•ืช ืฉื ืงื‘ืขื• ืขืœ ืคื™ื• . ื‘ืจื‘ื™ื ืžื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ื•ืžื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื”ืจื›ื™ืฉื” ืฉื ื‘ื“ืงื• ื ืžืฆืื• ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื, ืœืžืฉืœ ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ืžื™ื•ืชืจื™ื ื•ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ืจื›ื™ืฉื” ื›ืคื•ืœื™ื. ื‘ืฉืœ ื”ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ื ื’ืจื ื‘ื–ื‘ื•ื– ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื, ื•ืขืงื‘ ื›ืš ื ื’ืจื ื”ืคืกื“ ื›ืกืคื™ ื ื™ื›ืจ ืœืจืฉื•ืช. ืื—ื“ ืžื”ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ืืฃ ืžืขื•ืจืจ ื—ืฉืฉ ืœืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ื˜ื•ื”ืจ ื”ืžื™ื“ื•ืช. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืขืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืœืืœืชืจ ื‘ ื“ืง ื‘ื™ืช ืžืขืžื™ืง ืฉืœ ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื”ืจื›ื™ืฉื” ื”ื ืงื•ื˜ื™ื ืืฆืœื”, ืœืืชืจ ืืช ื”ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ื•ืœืชืงื ื, ื•ืœื”ืงืคื™ื“ ืฉื›ืœ ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื”ืจื›ืฉ ืฉื”ื™ื ืžื‘ืฆืขืช ื™ืขืฉื• ืœืคื™ ื”ื›ืœืœื™ื. ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ 311 .
ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ 303 . ืจื›ื™ืฉื•ืช ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืงืจืืช ื”ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœืงืจื™ื™ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื‘ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ .ืชืงืฆื™ืจ .ื‘- 1990 ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ื” ืžืžืฉืœืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื”ืงื™ื ืืช ืงืจื™ื™ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื‘ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘. ื‘ - 2004 .ื”ื•ืงื ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ, ื•ืฉื•ื›ื ื™ื ื‘ื• ืฉื‘ืขื” ื’ื•ืคื™ื ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื ืžืื—ืจ ืฉืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ื”ืจืฉื•ืช) ื”ื™ื ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื”ืžืื›ืœืก ืืช ื”ื—ืœืง ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ, ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ ืžื™ื ื”ืœ ื”ื“ื™ื•ืจ ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ ืœื”ื˜ื™ืœ ืขืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืืช ืงื™ื•ื ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ืœืจื›ื™ืฉืช ื”ืฆื™ื•ื“ ื•ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืœื›ืœ ื”ื’ื•ืคื™ื ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื ืฉื™ืฉื•ื›ื ื• ื‘ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ. ืœืคื™ ื—ื•ืง ื—ื•ื‘ืช ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื, ื”ืชืฉื "ื‘ - 1992 , ื ื“ืจืฉื” ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืืžื•ื“ ืืช ืฉื•ื•ื™ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืขืกืงื” ืงื•ื“ื ืฉืชื—ืœื™ื˜ ืขืœ ื“ืจืš ื”ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ืช ืขื ืกืคืงื™ื, ืื•ืœื ื ืžืฆื ืฉืœื ืชืžื™ื“ ืงื™ื™ืžื” ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืžื›ืจื–, ืืฃ ืื ืœืคื™ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ, ื—ื•ื‘ืชื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ืš. ื ืžืฆืื• ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื”ืจื›ื™ืฉื” ืฉื‘ื™ืฆืขื” ื”ืจืฉื•ืช: ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืงื™ื™ืžื” ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ ื•ื”ืฉื•ื•ืื” ืฉืœ ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ืชื™ื—ื•ืจ), ื•ื‘ืคืขื ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ื”ืฆืขื•ืช ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื• ื™ื“ื•ืขื•ืช. ื‘ื›ืžื” ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ืœื ื‘ื—ืจื” ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื–ื•ื›ื” ืฉื ื™, ื•ืขืงื‘ ื›ืš ื›ืฉืœื ื™ ืฆืื” ืœืคื•ืขืœ ื”ืขืกืงื” ืขื ื”ืกืคืง ื”ื ื‘ื—ืจ ื”ื™ื” ืขืœื™ื” ืœืคืจืกื ืžื›ืจื– ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื”ื™ื” ื‘ื• ืžืฉื•ื ื‘ื–ื‘ื•ื– ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื. ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืจื›ื™ืฉื” ืžืจื•ื›ื–ืช ืฉืœ ืฆื™ื•ื“ ืžืงื ื” ืœืจืฉื•ืช ื™ืชืจื•ืŸ ืœื’ื•ื“ืœ, ื•ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื›ืŸ ื‘ืจื›ื™ืฉื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืฉืœ ื›ื™ืกืื•ืช ืฉื‘ื™ืฆืขื” ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืœื ื ื™ืฆืœื” ืืช ื”ื™ืชืจื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืจื›ื™ืฉื” ืžืจื•ื›ื–ืช ื•ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืฉืœ ืฆื™ื•ื“ ื•ืืฃ ืฉื™ืœืžื” ืกื›ื•ื ื›ื•ืœืœ ืฉื’ื‘ื•ื” ื‘ื› - 20,000 ืฉ"ื— ืžื–ื” ืฉื ืงื‘ืข ื‘ื—ื•ื–ื”. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื ืจื›ืฉื” ืฆื™ื•ื“ ืจื‘ ื‘ืœื ืฉื—ืชืžื” ืขืœ ื—ื•ื–ื” ืจื›ื™ืฉื”. ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœื ื ืขื–ืจื” ื‘ื™ื™ืขื•ืฅ ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ ืœื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื”ืจื”ื™ื˜ื™ื ืฉืจื›ืฉื” ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืงืจื™ื™ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”. ืขืงื‘ ื›ืš ืงื™ื‘ืœื” ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืœืขืชื™ื ืจื”ื™ื˜ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืžืืœื” ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืืžื•ืจื” ืœืงื‘ืœ ืœืคื™ ื”ืžืคืจื˜ ื”ื˜ื›ื ื™ ืฉืกื•ื›ื ืขืœื™ื• ื‘ื—ื•ื–ื” ื”ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ืช ืขื ื”ืกืคืง. ืžื ื”ืœ ืื’ืฃ ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ื•ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ื‘ื™ื—ื™ื“ืช ื”ืžื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉืœ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื ืคื™ืฆืœ ืจื›ื™ืฉื” ืจื—ื‘ืช ื”ื™ืงืฃ ืฉืœ ืžื“ืคืกื•ืช ืœืฉืชื™ ืจื›ื™ืฉื•ืช ืฉื”ื™ืงืคืŸ ืงื˜ืŸ ื™ื—ืกื™ืช, ื•ื›ืš ื”ืคืจ ืืช ื”ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืœืคืจืกื ืžื›ืจื–. ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœื ืขืžื“ื” ื‘ืœื•ื— ื”ื–ืžื ื™ื ืฉืงื‘ืขื”, ื•ืขืงื‘ ื›ืš ื”ืชืขื›ื‘ ื”ืžืขื‘ืจ ืฉืœ ื—ืœืง ืžืžืฉืจื“ื™ื” ืœืงืจื™ื™ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”. ื›ืคื•ืขืœ ื™ื•ืฆื ื”ืจ ืฉื•ืช ืžืฉืœืžืช ื“ืžื™ ืฉื›ื™ืจื•ืช ื›ืคื•ืœื™ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ื™ื ื”ืืžื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืกื›ื•ืžื™ื ืžืฆื˜ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืœ ืžื™ืœื™ื•ื ื™ ืฉ"ื—. 304 ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™57ื‘ .
ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžื™ืกื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ/ืจื›ื™ืฉื•ืช ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืงืจืืช ื”ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœืงืจื™ื™ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื‘ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘
โ™ฆ . 1. ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืฉื ื•ืช ืงื™ื•ื ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ื•ืงืžื• ืœืคื™ ื—ื•ืง, ื‘ื™ื•ื–ืžืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”, ืขืฉืจื•ืช ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ืกื˜ื˜ื•ื˜ื•ืจื™ื™ื. ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื, ื‘ืขืœื™ ืื™ืฉื™ื•ืช ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ืช ื ืคืจื“ืช, ื”ื ืžืขื™ืŸ ื–ืจื•ืขื•ืช ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืœื ื™ื”ื•ืœ, ืœืคื™ืงื•ื— ื•ืœื”ืกื“ืจื” ืฉืœ ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ืžืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ืช. ืœืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ืืœื” ืžื•ืงื ื™ืช ื’ืžื™ืฉื•ืช ื•ืขืฆืžืื•ืช ื ื™ื”ื•ืœื™ืช ืจื‘ื”. 2. ื‘ืืžืฆืข ืฉื ืช 1992 ื”ืงื™ื ืฉืจ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ื“ืื– "ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืœืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื" (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื”), ืฉืื—ื“ ืžืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื” ื”ื•ื ืœื”ืชื•ื•ืช ืงื•ื•ื™ ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืœื“ืจื›ื™ ื ื™ื”ื•ืœื ื•ืคืขื•ืœืชื ืฉืœ ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ืกื˜ื˜ื•ื˜ื•ืจื™ื™ื. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืคืจืกื ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืฉื ืช 1995 ื“ื•ื— ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืขืœ ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ืกื˜ื˜ื•ื˜ื•ืจื™ื™ื (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ื”ื“ื•ื—). ื‘ื“ื•ื— ื”ืžืœื™ืฅ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ ื›ื“ืœืงืžืŸ: "ื”ืžืžืฆืื™ื ืžืจืื™ื ืฉืกื“ืจื™ ื ื™ื”ื•ืœื ืฉืœ ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ืกื˜ื˜ื•ื˜ื•ืจื™ื™ื ื•ื“ืจื›ื™ ื”ื‘ืงืจื” ืขืœื™ื”ื ืžื— ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ื”ืกื“ืจื” ื›ื•ืœืœืช, ืžืงื™ืคื” ื›ื›ืœ ื”ืืคืฉืจ. ืœืคื™ื›ืš ื™ืฉ ืœืฉืงื•ืœ ื”ืกื“ืจ ืœื›ืœืœ ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ื”ืกื˜ื˜ื•ื˜ื•ืจื™ื™ื ื‘ื”ืชืืžื” ืœืกื•ื’ื™ื”ื, ืœืืคื™ื•ื ื ืฉืœ ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ื•ืœื”ื‘ื“ืœื™ื ื”ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื, ืฉื™ืงื‘ืข ืืช ื”ืžืกื’ืจืช ืœืคืขื•ืœื•ืชื™ื”ื, ืืช ื”ืชืคื™ืกื” ื•ื”ื›ืœืœื™ื ื”ืจืื•ื™ื™ื ืœื“ื™ื•ื•ื— ื•ืืช ื“ืจื›ื™ ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื•ื”ื‘ืงืจื” ืขืœื™ื”ื". ืืช ื˜ื™ื•ื˜ืช ื”ื“ื•ื— ื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืœืžื•ืขืฆื”. ื‘ืชื’ื•ื‘ืชื” ืž- 21.11.94 ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืขืœ ื˜ื™ื•ื˜ืช ื”ื“ื•ื— ื”ื "ืœ ื”ื•ื“ื™ืขื” ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื”, ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื "ืจืฉืžื” ืœืคื ื™ื” ืืช ื”ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืฉื”ื•ืขืœื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช. ืืฉืจ ื—ืœืง ืžื”ื ื›ื‘ืจ ื ืžืฆืื™ื ืขืœ ืกื“ืจ ื™ื•ืžื” ื•ื”ื™ื ืชื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ื”ื ื‘ืขืชื™ื“ ื”ืงืจื•ื‘. ื“ื•ื’ืžืื•ืช ืœื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื›ืืœื” ื”ืŸ: ื”ืงืžืช ื’ื•ืฃ ืžืคืงื— ืขืœ ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื ื“ื•ื’ืžืช ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช; ื”ืžื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื; ื”ืกื“ืจืช ื”ื“ื™ื•ื•ื— ืฉืœ ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ื›ืœืœื™ ื”ื“ื™ื•ื•ื— ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืคืชื— ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื’ื•ืคื™ื ืžืกื•ื’ ื–ื”". ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช, ืฉื‘ื’ืœืœ ื ื™ืกื™ื•ื ื” ืขื ื’ื•ืคื™ื ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื”ื•ืขื‘ืจื• ืืœื™ื” ืžืžืฆืื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืชืขื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืขืจื•ืชื™ื”, ืฆื™ื™ื ื” ื‘- 27.11.94 ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื•ื–ืžื” ืœื”ืื—ื“ืช ืกืžื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืฉืœ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ื—ื•ื‘ืช ื”ื“ื™ื•ื•ื—, ืžื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื•ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืฉื•ื˜ืฃ, ื”ื™ื ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ืช ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช. ื‘ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื”ื“ื•ื— ื”ืืžื•ืจ ืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื›ื™ ืœื“ืขืชื•, ื ื•ื›ื— ื”ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื ื•ื“ืขืช ืœื”ืกื“ืจ ืžืงื™ืฃ, ืฉื”ื›ื™ืจื• ื‘ื” ื’ื ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ื ื•ื’ืขื™ื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ, ืžืŸ ื”ืจืื•ื™ ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื‘ื”ืงื“ื ืœื’ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ื”ื”ืกื“ืจ ื•ืœื”ื ื”ื’ืชื•. .ื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ื”ืกื“ืจ .1. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืขืจืš ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืฉื ืช 2006 ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืžืขืงื‘2 ื›ื“ื™ ืœื“ืขืช ืื ื’ื•ื‘ืฉ ื•ื”ื•ื ื”ื’ ื”ืกื“ืจ ืžืงื™ืฃ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืงืฉื•ืจ ืœืคืขื•ืœืชื ืฉืœ ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ื”ืกื˜ื˜ื•ื˜ื•ืจื™ื™ื. ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื ืขืฉืชื” ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ื•ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื”, ื‘ืจืฉื•ืช ืฉื“ื•ืช ืชืขื•ืคื” ื•ื‘ืื’ืฃ ืœืฉื›ืจ ื•ื”ืกื›ืžื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ. ื”ืžืขืงื‘ ื”ืขืœื”, ื›ื™ ื˜ืจื ื’ื•ื‘ืฉ ื”ืกื“ืจ ื•ื›ื™ ื’ื•ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืฆืจื›ื™ื ื•ืขืžื ื”ื—ืจื™ื’ื•ืช ืืฉืจ ื“ื•ืจืฉื™ื ื”ืกื“ืจ; ืœื”ืœืŸ ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื: .ื›ืืžื•ืจ, ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช "ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืœืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื" ืจืื” ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ืžื˜ื” ื‘ื ื“ื•ืŸ. ืืš ืจืง ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ 2003 , ืฉื‘ืข ืฉื ื™ื ื•ื—ืฆื™ ืœืื—ืจ ืคืจืกื•ื ื“ื•ื— ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” .__________________ .2 ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืžืขืงื‘ ืงื•ื“ืžืช ืคื•ืจืกืžื” ื‘ื“ื•ื— 53 'ื‘' ื‘ืคืจืง ืขืœ "ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ืžื˜ื” ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”" ืขืž85- 86. 282 ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™57ื‘ .ื”ืืžื•ืจ, ื”ื›ื™ื ื” ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ื•ื”ื’ื™ืฉื” ืœื”ื ื”ืœืช ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ื“ื•ื— ื‘ื ื“ื•ืŸ ื”ืงืจื•ื™ "ื“ื•ื— ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืœืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื". ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืฆื™ื™ื ื” ื‘ื“ื•ื— ืฉืœื”, ื›ื™ "ื”ื’ื™ืขื” ืœืžืกืงื ื” ื›ื™ ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืืœ ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ื›ืืœ ืžื’ื–ืจ ื ืคืจื“ ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™. ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืกื‘ื•ืจื” ื›ื™ ื”ื”ืกื“ืจื™ื ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื ื•ื”ื—ื•ืงื™ื™ื ื”ื—ืœื™ื ื”ื™ื•ื ืขืœ ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื, ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื”ืžืฉื•ืชืคื™ื ืœื”ื, ืœื•ืงื™ื ื‘ื—ืกืจ. ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ื”ืงื™ื™ื, ื›ืœ ืชืื’ื™ื“ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ืคื•ืขืœ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืกื“ืจื™ื ื”ืงื‘ื•ืขื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ืง ื”ืžืงื™ื ืื•ืชื• ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื”ืกื“ืจื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ื›ืืฉืจ ื‘ืžืจื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงืจื™ื ืงืฉื” ืœืขืžื•ื“ ืขืœ ื”ื ื™ืžื•ืงื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื“ืœื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื”ืกื“ืจื™ื. ืžื•ืฆืข, ืืคื•ื, ืœื—ื•ืงืง ื—ื•ืง ืžืกื’ืจืช". ืžื“ื•ื— ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ื”ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœื™ื–ื•ื ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื—ืงื™ืงื” ื•ื”ืกื“ืจื” ื‘ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื•ื‘ื”ื: ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ืžื•ืขืฆืช ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ ื•ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื”; ื—ื•ื‘ืช ื”ื–ื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ื ืืžื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื ื•ืฉืื™ ืžืฉืจื” ื‘ืชืื’ื™ื“ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™; ืกื“ืจื™ ื”ืขืกืงืช ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœื ื”ืžื ื›"ืœ, ื”ื™ื•ืขืฅ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ ื•ื”ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™; ืžื ื’ื ื•ื ื™ ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื•ื‘ืงืจื” ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื™ื, ื•ื›ื•'. ื“ื ืขืงื, ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ ืฉืขืฉื” ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืฉื ืช 2006 , ื”ืขืœื” ืฉื˜ืจื ื ืขืฉื” ื”ืกื“ืจ ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉืขื‘ืจื• 3.5 ืฉื ื™ื ืžืื– ืฉื”ื•ื’ืฉ ื“ื•ื— ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ื• -11 ืฉื ื™ื ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืคื•ืจืกื ื“ื•ื— ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”. 2. ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืจืื•ื™ ืœืฆื˜ื˜ ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื ื”ืœืช ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื” ืžืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 2006 :ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” "ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ืœืงื— ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื• ื‘ืฉืขืชื• ืœื”ืงื™ื ืืช ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืœืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื. ืžื•ืขืฆื” ื–ื• ืื›ืŸ ื”ืžืœื™ืฆื” ืœื—ื•ืงืง ื—ื•ืง ืžืกื’ืจืช ื•ื ืขืฉืชื” ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ื ื• ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ื›ื ื” ืžืงื™ืคื” ืœื’ื™ื‘ื•ืฉื•. ื•ืื•ืœื, ืงื™ื“ื•ื ื”ืฆืขืช ื”ื—ื•ืง ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืจืืฉื™ืช ื”ื›ืจืขื” ื‘ืฉืืœื” ืื™ื–ื” ืžืฉืจื“ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืื—ืจืื™ ืขืœ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื•. ืžื”ื›ืจืขื” ื–ื• ื ื’ื–ืจืช ื’ื ื”ืฉืืœื” ืžื™ ื™ื’ื‘ืฉ ืืช ื”ืฆืขืช ื”ื—ื•ืง ื•ื™ื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืื•ืชื” ื‘ื›ื ืกืช. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ืžืชืขื•ืจืจืช ื”ืฉืืœื” ืžื” ื™ื”ื™ื” ืžื•ื“ืœ ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืขืœ ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ื”ืกื˜ื˜ื•ื˜ื•ืจื™ื™ื - ืจืฉื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื”, ื›ื“ื•ื’ืžืช ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช, ื”ืจื—ื‘ืช ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืงื™ื™ืžืช ื›ืš ืฉืชื•ื›ืœ ืœืคืงื— ืขืœ ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ืืœื” ืื• ืžื•ื“ืœ ืื—ืจ. ื”ื”ื›ืจืขื” ื‘ืฉืืœื•ืช ืืœื” ืื™ื ื” ื‘ืžื”ื•ืชื” ื”ื›ืจืขื” ืฉื‘ืกืžื›ื•ืช ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื. ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืจื ืžืกื™ื™ืข, ืืš ืื™ื ื• ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ื’ื•ืจื ื”ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื. ื‘ื“ื•ื— ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื ื”ื•ืฆืข, ืฉืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื ืชืคืขืœ ืชื—ืช ื’ื’ ืื—ื“ ืขื ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช. ื”ื™ื•ื ืžืฆื•ื™ื” ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ (ืœืคื ื™ ื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื‘ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืจืืฉ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”). ืžื›ืืŸ, ืฉืงื™ื“ื•ื ื”ื—ืงื™ืงื” ื•ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืฉื” ื”ื™ื ื• ื‘ืจืืฉ ื•ื‘ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื‘ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ, ื•ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ, ื›ืืžื•ืจ, ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืจื ืžื™ื™ืขืฅ ื•ืžืกื™ื™ืข ื‘ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืฉื”". ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื•ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ: "ื”ื ื•ืฉื ื”ื•ืฆื’ ืœืฉืจื™ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ืžืจ ืœืคื™ื“, ื•ื”ื’ื‘' ืœื‘ื ื™, ืืฉืจ ื’ื ื”ื, ืœืžื™ื˜ื‘ ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ื ื ื•, ืœื ืกื‘ืจื• ื›ื™ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื—ืจืื™ ืขืœ ืชื—ื•ื ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื–ื”. ืืฉืจ ืขืœ ื›ืŸ, ื•ืœืื•ืจ ืงื™ื•ืžื ืฉืœ ืกื“ืจื™ ืขื“ื™ืคื•ืช ืืฆืœ ืฉืจื™ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื, ื ื•ืฉื ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื ืœื ื”ื•ืฆื‘ ื‘ืกื“ืจ ืขื“ื™ืคื•ืช ื’ื‘ื•ื”, ื›ื“ื•ื’ืžืช ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ืฉื—ื™ื™ื‘ื• ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืžื™ื™ื“ื™, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืืจ ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ื•ื ืื™ื ื• ื‘ืžื”ื•ืชื• ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ืื—ืจื™ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“". ื›ืŸ ืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื, ื›ื™ "ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ืœื“ื•ื— ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ื ื•ืฉื, ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ืจืืฉ ืœืคื ื™ ื›ืฉื ื” ืžืŸ ื”ื™ื•ืขืฆืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ืช ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ื• ]ื“ืื–, ืžืจ ืฉืจื•ืŸ ืืจื™ืืœ [ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืœืงื“ื ืืช ื”ื”ืฆืขื”. ืžืื•ื—ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ืฉืจ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื“ืื–, ื•ืจื”"ืž ื”ื™ื•ื, ืžืจ ืื”ื•ื“ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ 283 . ,ืื•ืœืžืจื˜, ืžืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช ืœืงื“ื ืืช ื”ื ื•ืฉื ื•ืœื ืกื— ื˜ื™ื•ื˜ืช ื”ืฆืขืช ื—ื•ืง ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœื”ืžืœืฆื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืœืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื. ื”ื™ื•ืขืฅ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ ืœืžืžืฉืœื” ื‘ื™ืจืš ืขืœ ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื–ื” ื•ืืฃ ื”ืฆื™ืข ืฉื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื™ื ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ื ื• ื™ืกื™ื™ืขื• ื‘ื’ื™ ื‘ื•ืฉ ื”ื”ืฆืขื”. ืœืžื™ื˜ื‘ ื™ื“ื™ืขืชื ื• ืื›ืŸ ื ืขืฉื• ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื›ื ื” ื‘ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช, ื‘ื”ืชื‘ืกืก ื‘ืจื•ื‘ืŸ, ืขืœ ื“ื•ื— ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืœืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื ื•ื˜ื™ื•ื˜ืช ื”ืฆืขืช ื—ื•ืง ืฉื’ื•ื‘ืฉื” ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ื‘ื”ืชื‘ืกืก ืขืœ ื”ื”ืžืœืฆื•ืช ืฉื‘ื“ื•ื—". ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ื”ืžืฉื™ืš ื•ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ: "ืื•ืœื ื’ื ืžื”ืœืš ื–ื” ืœื ื”ืชืงื“ื, ืžืื—ืจ ืฉื”ื™ื•ืขืฆืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ืช ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื•ืจืืฉ ืื’ืฃ ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ื ื›ืชื‘ื• ืœืฉืจ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื“ืื–, ืžืจ ืื•ืœืžืจื˜, ืžื›ืชื‘ ื‘ื• ื”ื ืžื‘ื™ืขื™ื ืืช ื”ืชื ื’ื“ื•ืชื ืœื”ืกื“ืจ ื”ืžื•ืฆืข ื‘ื“ื•ื— ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืœืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื, ื•ื‘ืคืจื˜ - ืœืขืฆื ื”ื”ืฆืขื” ืœื”ืงื™ื ืจืฉื•ืช ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื, ืฉื”ื™ื ืื—ืช ืžืŸ ื”ื”ืžืœืฆื•ืช ื”ืขื™ืงืจื™ื•ืช ื‘ื“ื•ื— (ืื ืœื ื”ืขื™ืงืจื™ืช ืฉื‘ื”ืŸ). ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ื”ื•ื‘ืขื” ื‘ืžื›ืชื‘ ื”ื“ืขื”, ืฉื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ืงื™ื“ื•ื ื”ื—ืงื™ืงื” ื”ืžื•ืฆืขืช ื‘ื“ื•ื— ื•ืชื•ื›ื ื” ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื—ืจื™ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื›ื›ื–ื”, ื•ืœื ื‘ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช. ืœืžื™ื˜ื‘ ื”ื‘ื ืชื ื•, ื‘ื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ื”ื›ืจืขื” ืฉืœ ืฉืจ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื, ื”ืคืกื™ืงื” ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืœืงื“ื ืืช ื”ื ื•ืฉื". ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ื”ื‘ื”ื™ืจ ื›ื™ ืœื“ืขืชื•: "ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืžืฉ ื™ืš ืœืงื“ื ืืช ื”ื—ืงื™ืงื”, ืืฉืจ ื›ืืžื•ืจ ืื™ื ื” ื‘ืžื”ื•ืชื” ืžืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืขืœื™ื”ื ืžื•ืคืงื“ ื›ื›ืœืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื, ืขืœ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”, ื•ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืขืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ, ืœื’ื‘ืฉ ืขืžื“ื” ื‘ืฉืืœื” ืื™ืœื• ืžื”ืžืœืฆื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืœืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื ื”ื•ื ืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ืŸ ืœืืžืฅ, ื•ืžื™ ื”ื’ื•ืจื ืฉื™ืคืขืœ ืœื’ื™ื‘ื•ืฉืŸ ื•ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ื”ื—ืงื™ืงื” ื‘ื ื•ืฉื". 3. ื ื•ื›ื— ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ืคื ื” ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื‘ื™ื•ื 20.12.06 , ืœืฉืจ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ืžืจ ืื‘ืจื”ื ื”ื™ืจืฉื–ื•ืŸ. ืฉืจ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื ื•ืฉื ืœืชื’ื•ื‘ืช ืžื ื”ืœ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช ืžืจ ืื™ื™ืœ ื’ื‘ืื™. ืžืชื’ื•ื‘ืชื• ืฉืœ ืžื ื”ืœ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืžื™ื•ื 14.1.07 :ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื“ืœืงืžืŸ ื‘ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ 2006 ื”ื•ืจื” ืžืžืœื ืžืงื•ื ืจืืฉ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื“ืื–- ืžืจ ืื”ื•ื“ ืื•ืœืžืจื˜, ืœืžื ื”ืœ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช ืœื’ื‘ืฉ ืชื•ืš 90 ื™ื•ื ืชื–ื›ื™ืจ ื—ื•ืง ืืฉืจ ืžื˜ืจืชื• ืœื›ื•ื ืŸ ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืขืœ ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื ื‘ืจื•ื— ื”ืžืœืฆื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืœืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ืกื˜ื˜ื•ื˜ื•ืจื™ื™ื; ืชื–ื›ื™ืจ ื”ื—ื•ืง ื™ื•ื’ืฉ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืฉืจ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ืœืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื•ื•ืขื“ืช ืฉืจื™ื ืœืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ ื—ืงื™ืงื”. ื”ื•ืจืืช ืžืžืœื ืžืงื•ื ืจืืฉ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื›ื•ืœืœืช ื’ื ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ืœืคื™ื” ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืขืœ ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืชื—ืช ืงื•ืจืช ื’ื’ ืฉืœ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช. ืžื ื”ืœ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื•ืขื“ื›ืŸ, ื›ื™ ื ื•ื›ื— ื›ื•ื‘ื“ ื”ืžืฉื™ืžื” ื”ืจื™ ืฉื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช 2007 ื˜ื™ื•ื˜ืช ื”ืฆืขืช ื”ื—ื•ืง ื ืžืฆืืช ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื”ื›ื ื” ื›ืฉืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช ืขืชื™ื“ื” ืœื”ื ื™ื—ื” ื‘ืคื ื™ ื”ื™ื•ืขืฅ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ ืœืžืžืฉืœื”, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื›ืจื™ืข ื‘ืžื—ืœื•ืง ื•ืช ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื•ืช ืื ื™ืชืขื•ืจืจื•. ืžื ื”ืœ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช ืืฃ ื”ืฆื”ื™ืจ, ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ืจื•ืื” ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืขืœื™ื•ื ื” ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ื”ื”ืกื“ืจ. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืจื•ืฉื ื‘ืคื ื™ื• ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ. ืขื ื–ืืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืคื ื” ืชืฉื•ืžืช ืœื‘ ืžื›ืœื•ืœ ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ืœื›ืš ืฉื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื”ืกื“ืจื”, ืฉืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ืจื ื”ืกืชื™ื™ื, ื”ืชืคืจืก ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ืชืงื•ืคื” ื›ื” ืืจื•ื›ื”. ืžื›ืš ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืคื™ืง ืœืงื—ื™ื ื‘ืืฉืจ ืœืกื“ืจื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ืžื˜ื” ื”ืžืฉืจื“ื™ืช ื•ื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืฉืจื“ื™ืช. 284 ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™57ื‘ .ืชืฉืœื•ื ืฉื›ืจ ืื• ื’ืžื•ืœ ืœื™ื•"ืจ ืฉืœ ืžื•ืขืฆืช ืชืื’ื™ื“ ืกื˜ื˜ื•ื˜ื•ืจื™ .1. ื“ื•ื— ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืฉื ืช 1995 ืขืกืง ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืืจ ื‘ืกื“ืจื™ ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื•ื”ื‘ืงืจื” ืขืœ ืฉื›ืจ ืื• ื’ืžื•ืœ ืื—ืจ ื”ืžืฉื•ืœื ื‘ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ื”ืกื˜ื˜ื•ื˜ื•ืจื™ื™ ื ื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ืฉื›ืจ ืื• ื’ืžื•ืœ ื•ืชื ืื™ื ื ืœื•ื•ื™ื ืฉืœ ื™ื•"ืจ ืžื•ืขืฆืช ืชืื’ื™ื“. ื‘ื“ื•ื— ืฆื•ื™ืŸ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื”ืกื“ืจ ืื—ื™ื“ ืœื›ืœืœ ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ืชืฉืœื•ื ืฉื›ืจ ืื• ื’ืžื•ืœ ืœื™ื•"ืจ ืฉืœ ืžื•ืขืฆืช ืชืื’ื™ื“ ืกื˜ื˜ื•ื˜ื•ืจื™: ื™ืฉ ืฉื”ืกื“ืจ ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ื ืงื‘ืข ื‘ื—ื•ืง ืฉืœืคื™ื• ื”ื•ืงื ืชืื’ื™ื“ ืžืกื•ื™ื ื•ื™ืฉ ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ื”ื ื”ืกื“ืจ; ื™ืฉื ื ื—ื•ืงื™ื ืฉืงื•ื‘ืขื™ื ื‘ืžืคื•ืจืฉ ืฉื—ื‘ืจ ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืœื ื™ืงื‘ืœ ืฉื›ืจ ื‘ืขื“ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื•, ื•ื™ืฉ ื—ื•ืงื™ื ืฉืœื ื ืืžืจ ื‘ื”ื ื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื”ื ื•ืฉื. ื‘ืกื™ื›ื•ื ืื•ืชื• ื“ื•ื— ืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื›ื™ ืœื“ืขืชื•, ื”ืžืฆื‘ ืฉื‘ื• ื™ืฉ ืฉื•ื ื™ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ื“ื•ืžื™ื ืื™ื ื• ืžื ื™ื— ืืช ื”ื“ืขืช, ืœื ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื•ืœื ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื”ืกื“ืจื™ ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืขืœ ื”ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ื, ื•ืžืฉื•ื ื›ืš ืจืฆื•ื™ ืฉื”ืžื—ื•ืงืง ื™ืกื™ืจ ืื™- ื‘ื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื–ื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื•ืจืื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื” ื‘ื—ื•ืง. ื”ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ, ืฉืžืŸ ื”ืจืื•ื™ ืœืฉืงื•ืœ ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ื”ืกื“ืจ ืžืงื™ืฃ ืœื›ืœืœ ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื–ื›ื•ืช ืœืงื‘ืœ ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ื ื›ืืžื•ืจ ื•ื“ืจื›ื™ ืงื‘ื™ืขืชื ื•ืื™ืฉื•ืจื. ื”ืžืขืงื‘ ื”ืขืœื”, ืฉืžื›ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื˜ืจื ื”ื•ืฉืœืžื• ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื”ื—ืงื™ืงื” ืœื”ืกื“ืจ ื›ื•ืœืœ ืฉืœ ื ื•ืฉื ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ื”ืกื˜ื˜ื•ื˜ื•ืจื™ื™ื ืœื ื”ื•ืกื“ืจ ื’ื ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉื›ืจ ืื• ื”ื’ืžื•ืœ. 2. ื‘ื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ื”ืกื“ืจ ืžืงื™ืฃ ื›ืืžื•ืจ ื ื•ืชืจื• ื‘ืขื™ื ื, ื‘ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื, ื›ืžื” ื”ืกื“ืจื™ื ื—ื•ืงื™ื™ื ื”ืงื•ื‘ืขื™ื ืืช ืกื“ืจื™ ืชืฉืœื•ื ื’ืžื•ืœ ืœื™ื•"ืจ ืžื•ืขืฆืช ืชืื’ื™ื“. ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื”, ื‘ืจืฉื•ืช ืฉื“ื•ืช ื”ืชืขื•ืคื” (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ื”ืจืฉื•ืช) ืชืฉืœื•ื ื’ืžื•ืœ ื•ื›ืŸ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ื’ืžื•ืœ ืฉืžืงื‘ืœ ื™ื•"ืจ ืžื•ืขืฆืช ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื ืงื‘ืข ื‘ื—ื•ืง ืฉืœืคื™ื• ื”ื•ืงืžื” ื”ืจืฉื•ืช - ื—ื•ืง ืจืฉื•ืช ืฉื“ื•ืช ื”ืชืขื•ืคื”, ื”ืชืฉืœ"ื– - 1977 (ืœื”ืœืŸ- ื—ื•ืง ืจืฉื•ืช ืฉื“ื•ืช ื”ืชืขื•ืคื”) - ื‘ื”ืœื™ืš ื›ื“ืœืงืžืŸ: ืจืืฉื™ืช ื ืงื‘ืข ืฉื—ื‘ืจ ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืœื ื™ืงื‘ืœ ืžื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืฉื›ืจ ื‘ืขื“ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื•, ืืš ื™ื”ื™ื” ื–ื›ืื™ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืชื™ื• ื”ืžืžืฉื™ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืฉืœื ื™ืขืœื• ืขืœ ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืฉืงื‘ืขื• ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ื‘ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืฉืจ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื”. ืขืœ ืืฃ ื”ืืžื•ืจ ืœืขื™ืœ, ืจืฉืื™ ืฉืจ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื”, ื‘ื”ืชื™ื™ืขืฆื•ืช ืขื ืฉืจ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ, ืœื”ื•ืจื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืขื ืงืช ื’ืžื•ืœ ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืœื™ื•"ืจ ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ื•ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืฉืฉืจ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ื™ื™ืงื‘ืข ืชื—ื™ืœื” ื‘ืฆื•, ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืชื™ื™ืขืฆื•ืช ื›ืืžื•ืจ, ืืช ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืžืจื‘ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื’ืžื•ืœ. ื›ืŸ ืงื‘ืข ื”ื—ื•ืง ืฉื”ื•ื“ืขื” ืขืœ ื”ืขื ืงืช ื”ื’ืžื•ืœ ืชืคื•ืจืกื ื‘"ืจืฉื•ืžื•ืช". ื—ื•ืง ืื—ืจ - ื—ื•ืง ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘, ื”ืชืฉืž"ื”- 1985 (ืœื”ืœืŸ- ื—ื•ืง ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘), ืงื•ื‘ืข ืฉื’ื•ืคื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื•ื‘ื”ื ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ืกื˜ื˜ื•ื˜ื•ืจื™ื™ื ืœื ื™ืกื›ื™ืžื• ืขืœ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืฉื›ืจ ืื• ืขืœ ืžืชืŸ ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ื›ืกืคื™ื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช ื”ืงืฉื•ืจื•ืช ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื•ืœื ื™ื ื”ื™ื’ื• ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ืื• ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ื›ืืžื•ืจ, ืืœื ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืžื” ืฉื”ื•ืกื›ื ืื• ื”ื•ื ื”ื’ ื›ืœืคื™ ื›ืœืœ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืื• ื‘ืื™ืฉื•ืจื• ืฉืœ ืฉืจ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ. ื”ื ื” ื›ื™ ื›ืŸ, ื™ืฉื ืŸ ื›ืžื” ื“ืจื™ืฉื•ืช ืžืฆื˜ื‘ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืงื™ื™ืžืŸ ื‘ื˜ืจื ืชื•ื›ืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ื’ืžื•ืœ ืฉื”ื™ื ืžืฉืœืžืช ืœื™ื•"ืจ ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื”. ื•ืื•ืœื ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืฉืขืฉื” ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ืจืฉื•ืช ื•ื‘ืื’ืฃ ืœืฉื›ืจ ื•ื”ืกื›ืžื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ - ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ืฉืฉืจ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื”ืกืžื™ื›ื” ืœืชืช ืื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ืœืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื”ื•ืจืื” ื“ื ืŸ ืฉื‘ื—ื•ืง ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ - ื”ืขืœืชื” ืฉืœื ื”ื•ืงืคื“ ืขืœ ืžื™ืœื•ื™ ื›ืœ ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืงื™ื ื”ืืžื•ืจื™ื, ื›ืžืคื•ืจื˜ ืœื”ืœืŸ: (ื) ื‘ืฉื ื™ื 2000 -2004 ืฉื™ืœืžื” ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœื™ื•"ืจ ืฉืœื”, ืžืจ ืฆื‘ื™ ืฉืœื•ื, ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ ื‘ื•ื ื•ืก - ืžืขื ืงื™ื. ื‘ืฉื ืช 2004 ื”ื™ื ืฉื™ืœืžื” ืœื• ืžืขื ืง ืฉืœ 88,000 ืฉ"ื—; ื‘ืฉื ืช 2003 - ืกื›ื•ื ืฉืœ ื›- 30,000 ืฉ"ื—; ื•ื‘ืฉื ื™ื 2000 -2001 .ื”ื™ื ืฉื™ืœืžื” ืกื›ื•ืžื™ื ืงื˜ื ื™ื ืžืืœื” ืžื•ืขืฆืช ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืื™ืฉืจื” ืืช ืชืฉืœื•ื ื”ืžืขื ืงื™ื ื‘ื”ืกืชืžืš ืขืœ ื‘ืงืฉื•ืชื™ื” ืžื”ืžืžื•ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ืฉื›ืจ ืฉื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ืœืฉืœื ืืช ื”ื’ืžื•ืœ ืฉืฆื•ื™ืŸ ืœืขื™ืœ ื•ืขืœ ืื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื›ืชื‘ ืฉื”ื™ื ืงื™ื‘ืœื” ืžืžื ื•. ืื‘ืœ ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื”, ื›ื™ ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืขืฆืช ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื•ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื ื”ืœืชื”, ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื–ื” ื™ื—ื™ื“ืช ื”ื™ื™ืขื•ืฅ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ ืฉืœื”, ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืžืœื•ื ื”ืื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ื›ื ื“ืจืฉ ื‘ื—ื•ืง ืจืฉื• ืช ืฉื“ื•ืช ื”ืชืขื•ืคื” ื•ื‘ื”ื ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืฉืจ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื”. ื‘ื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ืคื ื™ื” ืœืฉืจ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ 285 . ื•ืื™ืฉื•ืจื” ื’ื ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื”ื™ื” ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืœืคืจืกื ื‘"ืจืฉื•ืžื•ืช" ืืช ื“ื‘ืจ ืชืฉืœื•ื ื”ืžืขื ืงื™ื. ื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจื”, ื›ื™ ื”ื ื™ื—ื” ืฉืคืขื•ืœืช ื”ืžืžื•ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ืฉื›ืจ ื ืขืฉืชื” ื›ื“ื™ืŸ ื•ื”ื ื—ื” ื–ื• ืขื•ืœื” ื‘ืงื ื” ืื—ื“ ืขื ื”ื—ื–ืงื” ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ืชืงื™ื ื•ืช ืคืขื•ืœืชื• ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžืžื•ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ืฉื›ืจ. ืžืจ ืฆื‘ื™ ืฉืœื•ื ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืฉื”ื ื™ื— ื›ื™ ื”ื’ืžื•ืœ ืื•ืฉืจ ื›ื“ืช ื•ื›ื“ื™ืŸ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื›ืœ ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ื™ื. ื”ืžืžื•ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ืฉื›ืจ ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ, ื›ื™ ื ืชืŸ ืืช ื”ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื‘ืชื•ืงืฃ ื”ืกืžื›ื•ืช ืฉื”ืขื ื™ืง ืœื• ืฉืจ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ. ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื•, ื”ื•ื ื ืขื ื” ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืœื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ืžื•ืขืฆืช ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืืš ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื–ื” ืžืชืคืงื™ื“ื• ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืื ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ, ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ืชืฉืœื•ื, ื ืชืงื‘ืœื” ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ืžื™ ืฉืžื•ืกืžืš ืœื›ืš, ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื• - ืฉืจ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื”, ื•ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืงื‘ื•ืข ืœื›ืš. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืจืื•ื™ ืฉื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืชืฉืœื ืžืขื ืง ืœื™ื•"ืจ ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ื‘ืœื™ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื” ืžืœื•ื ื”ืื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ืง, ื•ื‘ื”ื ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืฉืจ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื”. (ื‘) ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ 2001 ื”ื•ื“ื™ืข ื”ืžืžื•ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ืฉื›ืจ ื“ืื– (ืžืจ ื™ื•ื‘ืœ ืจื›ืœื‘ืกืงื™) ืœื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืจืฉื•ืช, ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ืžืืฉืจ ื”ืขืœืืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ื’ืžื•ืœ ืœื™ื•"ืจ ืž-50% ืœ-75% ืžืฉื›ืจ ืžื ื›"ืœ ื•ื”ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื ืœื•ื•ืช ืœื›ืš. ื”ืขืชืง ืžื”ื•ื“ืขื” ื–ื• ื”ื•ืขื‘ืจ ื’ื ืœืฉืจ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ื•ืœืžื ื›"ืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื”. ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœื›ืš ื”ื—ืœื” ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืฉืœื ืœื™ื•"ืจ ื’ืžื•ืœ ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืฉืœ 75% .ืžืฉื›ืจ ืžื ื›"ืœ ื”ืžืขืงื‘ ื”ืขืœื”, ื›ื™ ื’ื ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืœื ื”ื™ื• ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื•ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืžืžื•ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ืฉื›ืจ ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืฉืจ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืœืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ื’ืžื•ืœ. ื”ืžืžื•ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ืฉื›ืจ ื“ืื– ื”ื‘ื”ื™ืจ, ื›ื™ ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื‘ื’ืžื•ืœ ืคื ื” ืืœื™ื•, ื‘ืขืœ ืคื”, ืžื ื›"ืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื”, ืขืœ ื“ืขืช ืฉืจ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ื“ืื– ืžืจ ืืžื ื•ืŸ ืœื™ืคืงื™ืŸ ืฉื—ืง. ื”ืžืžื•ื ื” ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืฉืขืœ ื›ืœ ืคื ื™ื ืื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืฉื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืชืกืชืžืš ืขืœ ืžื›ืชื‘ื• ืืœื™ื” ืœืœื ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืฉืจ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื”. ื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจื”, ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื ืœื ื™ื–ืžื” ืืช ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ื’ืžื•ืœ, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืคืขื•ืœืช ื”ืจืฉื•ืช, ืขืœ ืกืžืš ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ืžืžื•ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ืฉื›ืจ, ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืกื‘ื™ืจื”. ื”ื”ื ื—ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช, ื›ื™ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืžืžื•ื ื” ื ืขืฉืชื” ื›ื“ื™ืŸ, ืขื•ืœื” ื‘ืงื ื” ืื—ื“ ืขื ื”ื—ื–ืงื” ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ืชืงื™ื ื•ืช ื”ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื•ืช. ื‘ื ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ, ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจื” ื”ืจืฉื•ืช, ื”ื™ื” ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืœื”ื ื™ื— ื‘ืื•ืชื” ื”ืขืช ื›ื™ ื”ืžืžื•ื ื” ื ืขื ื” ืœื‘ืงืฉืช ื”ืฉืจ. ืžืจ ืฆื‘ื™ ืฉืœื•ื ืžืกืจ, ื›ื™ ืœื“ืขืชื• "ืชื›ืœื™ืช ื”ื”ืกื“ืจื™ื, ื”ื‘ืื” ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืืช ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืขืœ ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ ื”ืกื˜ื˜ื•ื˜ื•ืจื™ ื‘ืžืชืŸ ื’ืžื•ืœ ืœื™ื•"ืจ ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“, ื ืฉืžืจื” ื›ืœ ื”ืขืช ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื ื“ื•ืŸ" ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื”ื™ื” ืขืœ ื”ืžืžื•ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ืฉื›ืจ ืœื”ื‘ื”ื™ืจ ืœืจืฉื•ืช, ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ื›ืžื• ื’ื ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืขื ืง, ื›ื™ ืื™ืฉื•ืจื• ื™ืคื” ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื—ื•ืง ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื•ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉืžืฉ ืืกืžื›ืชื” ืœืžื™ืœื•ื™ ืฉืœ ื“ืจื™ืฉื•ืช ื—ื•ืง ืื—ืจื•ืช. ืขืœ ืžื•ืขืฆืช ื”ืจืฉื•ืช, ืขืœ ื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื•ืขืœ ื”ื™ื™ืขื•ืฅ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ืงืคื™ื“ ืœืืฉืจ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ื’ืžื•ืœ ืจืง ืื ื”ื™ื• ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื”ื ืืกืžื›ืชืื•ืช ืžืœืื•ืช ื”ืžืขื™ื“ื•ืช ืขืœ ื›ืš ืฉื“ืจื™ืฉื•ืช ื›ืœ ื”ื—ื•ืงื™ื ื”ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ื ืžื•ืœืื•, ืื•ืœื ื“ื‘ืจ ื–ื” ืœื ื ืขืฉื”. 286 ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™57ื‘ .ืื™-ื”ื‘ื—ื ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื’ืžื•ืœ ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื›ืจ .ื‘ื—ื•ืงื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ืžื™ื ืฉืขืœ ืคื™ื”ื ื”ื•ืงืžื• ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื, ื•ื‘ื”ื ื—ื•ืง ืจืฉื•ืช ืฉื“ื•ืช ื”ืชืขื•ืคื” ื”ื•ืงืคื“, ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืขืงืจื•ื ื™ืช ืฉื™ื•"ืจ ืžื•ืขืฆืช ืชืื’ื™ื“, ื•ื›ืŸ ื™ืชืจ ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื”, ืœื ื™ืงื‘ืœื• ืฉื›ืจ ื‘ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื”ื ืืœื ื’ืžื•ืœ ืกื‘ื™ืจ. ื”ื”ื‘ื—ื ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื’ืžื•ืœ ืœืฉื›ืจ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ืžื—ื•ืงืง ืจืื” ืœื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœื”ืคืจื™ื“ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื’ื•ืฃ ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื•ื‘ืงืจื” - ืžื•ืขืฆืช ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“. ืœืคื™ ืื•ืชื” ื”ืคืจื“ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ื•ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื•"ืจ ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ ืœื ื—ืœื™ื ื™ื—ืกื™ ืขื•ื‘ื“ ื•ืžืขื‘ื™ื“, ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื”ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื›ืจื•ื›ื™ื ื‘ื›ืš ื•ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืงืคื™ื“ ืœืฉืœื ืœื”ื ื’ืžื•ืœ ื•ืœื ืฉื›ืจ ืขืœ ืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื•. ื”ืžืขืงื‘ ื”ืขืœื”, ืฉื”ืžืžื•ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ืฉื›ืจ ื•ื’ื ื”ืจืฉื•ืช, ื‘ืžื›ืชื‘ื™ื ืฉื”ื ื”ื•ืฆื™ืื• ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืฉื ื™ื, ืคืขืžื™ื ืœื™ื•"ืจ ืฉืœ ืžื•ืขืฆื•ืช ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื, ืœื ื”ืงืคื™ื“ื• ืขืœ ื”ื”ื‘ื—ื ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื’ืžื•ืœ ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื›ืจ ื•ืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื•. ื ื•ืกืฃ ืขืœ ื›ืš ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืกื“ืจื™ ืชืฉืœื•ื ื”ื’ืžื•ืœ ื”ื™ื• ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืฉื™ื ื•ื‘ื”ื ืชืฉืœื•ื ื”ื’ืžื•ืœ ืœืคื™ ืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ ืฉื›ืจ ื•ืชื ืื™ื ื ืœื•ื•ื™ื ืœืฉื›ืจ ื•ืœื ื‘ืกื›ื•ื ื›ื•ืœืœ. ื‘ื›ืš ื”ื™ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ื”ืคืจื“ื” ื”ื ื“ืจืฉืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื’ืžื•ืœ ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื›ืจ. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืคื ื” ืืช ืชืฉื•ืžืช ืœื™ื‘ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžืžื•ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ืฉื›ืจ, ืฉืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื•ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืœืฆื•ืจืš ืœื”ืงืคื™ื“ ืขืœ ืชืฉืœื•ื ื’ืžื•ืœ ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ืœืœื ืกืžืžื ื™ ืฉื›ืจ ื•ืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื•. ืฉืจ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื”, ืžืจ ืฉืื•ืœ ืžื•ืคื–, ื”ื•ื“ื™ืข ื‘- 24.12.06 ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื›ื™ ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืกืžื›ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ืฉืจ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืขืœ ืคื™ ื—ื•ืง ืจืฉื•ืช ืฉื“ื•ืช ืชืขื•ืคื”, ื”ื•ื ื™ืคืขืœ ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ื”ืกื“ืจืช ื”ื’ืžื•ืœ ืœื™ื•"ืจ ื”ื—ื“ืฉ ืฉืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช - ืกืžื•ืš ืœื›ื ื™ืกืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื•"ืจ ื”ื—ื“ืฉ ืœืชืคืงื™ื“ื•. .๏ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืฆื™ื™ืŸ ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ืฉื ืช 1995 , ืœืคื ื™ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืž-11 ืฉื ื™ื, ืฉื™ืฉ ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ื”ืกื“ืจ ืžืงื™ืฃ ืฉื™ืงื‘ืข ืืช ื”ืžืกื’ืจืช ืœืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ืกื˜ื˜ื•ื˜ื•ืจื™ื™ื ื•ืืช ืกื“ืจื™ ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื•ื”ื‘ืงืจื” ืขืœื™ื”ื. ื”ืกื“ืจ ื›ื–ื”, ืฉืžื•ืชืื ืœืกื•ื’ื™ื ื•ืœืžืืคื™ื™ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ื•ืœื”ื‘ื“ืœื™ื ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื, ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœืกื™ื™ืข ืœื”ื’ื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืฉืงื™ืคื•ืช ื•ื”ื‘ืงืจื” ืขืœ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชื ืฉืœ ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ื”ืกื˜ื˜ื•ื˜ื•ืจื™ื™ื, ื•ื’ื ื‘ื”ื˜ืžืขืช ื ื•ืจืžื•ืช ืจืื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ืกื“ืจื™ ืžื™ื ื”ืœ ืชืงื™ืŸ. ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืขืœ ืจืืฉื™ื”, ื”ื™ื•ืขืฅ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ ืœืžืžืฉืœื”, ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื, ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื”ื›ื™ืจื• ื‘ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืžืœืฆื•ืช ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื•ื‘ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ื”ืกื“ืจ, ื•ืื•ืœื ืขื“ ื›ื”, ื—ืจืฃ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืขื‘ืจ, ื˜ืจื ื ืขืฉื” ื”ืกื“ืจ.
ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ 279 .ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช .ื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ื”ืกื“ืจ ืžืงื™ืฃ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ืกื“ืจื™ ื ื™ื”ื•ืœื ืฉืœ ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ืกื˜ื˜ื•ื˜ื•ืจื™ื™ื .ืชืงืฆื™ืจ .1. ,ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืฉื ื•ืช ืงื™ื•ื ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ื•ืงืžื• ืœืคื™ ื—ื•ืง, ื‘ื™ื•ื–ืžืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืขืฉืจื•ืช ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ืกื˜ื˜ื•ื˜ื•ืจื™ื™ื 1 . ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื, ื‘ืขืœื™ ืื™ืฉื™ื•ืช ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ืช ื ืคืจื“ืช, ื”ื ืžืขื™ืŸ ื–ืจื•ืขื•ืช ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืœื ื™ื”ื•ืœ, ืœืคื™ืงื•ื— ื•ืœื”ืกื“ืจื” ืฉืœ ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ืžืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ืช. ืœืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ืืœื” ืžื•ืงื ื™ืช ื’ืžื™ืฉื•ืช ื•ืขืฆืžืื•ืช ื ื™ื”ื•ืœื™ืช ืจื‘ื”. ื‘ืืžืฆืข ืฉื ืช 1992 ื”ืงื™ื ืฉืจ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ื“ืื– "ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืœืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื" (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื”), ืฉืื—ื“ ืžืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื” ื”ื•ื ืœื”ืชื•ื•ืช ืงื•ื•ื™ ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืœื“ืจื›ื™ ื ื™ื”ื•ืœื ื•ืคืขื•ืœืชื ืฉืœ ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ืกื˜ื˜ื•ื˜ื•ืจื™ื™ื. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืคืจืกื ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืฉื ืช 1995 ื“ื•ื— ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืขืœ ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ืกื˜ื˜ื•ื˜ื•ืจื™ื™ื (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ื”ื“ื•ื—). ื‘ื“ื•ื— ื”ืžืœื™ืฅ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื›ื“ืœืงืžืŸ: "ื”ืžืžืฆืื™ื ืžืจืื™ื ืฉืกื“ืจื™ ื ื™ื”ื•ืœื ืฉืœ ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ืกื˜ื˜ื•ื˜ื•ืจื™ื™ื ื•ื“ืจื›ื™ ื”ื‘ืงืจื” ืขืœื™ื”ื ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ื”ืกื“ืจื” ื›ื•ืœืœืช, ืžืงื™ืคื” ื›ื›ืœ ื”ืืคืฉืจ. ืœืคื™ื›ืš ื™ืฉ ืœืฉืงื•ืœ ื”ืกื“ืจ ืœื›ืœืœ ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ื”ืกื˜ื˜ื•ื˜ ื•ืจื™ื™ื ื‘ื”ืชืืžื” ืœืกื•ื’ื™ื”ื, ืœืืคื™ื•ื ื ืฉืœ ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ื•ืœื”ื‘ื“ืœื™ื ื”ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื, ืฉื™ืงื‘ืข ืืช ื”ืžืกื’ืจืช ืœืคืขื•ืœื•ืชื™ื”ื, ืืช ื”ืชืคื™ืกื” ื•ื”ื›ืœืœื™ื ื”ืจืื•ื™ื™ื ืœื“ื™ื•ื•ื— ื•ืืช ื“ืจื›ื™ ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื•ื”ื‘ืงืจื” ืขืœื™ื”ื". ืืช ื˜ื™ื•ื˜ืช ื”ื“ื•ื— ื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืœืžื•ืขืฆื”. ื‘ืชื’ื•ื‘ืชื” ืž - 21.11.94 ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืขืœ ื˜ื™ื•ื˜ืช ื”ื“ื•ื— ื”ื "ืœ ื”ื•ื“ื™ืขื” ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื”, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ, ื›ื™ "ืจืฉืžื” ืœืคื ื™ื” ืืช ื”ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืฉื”ื•ืขืœื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช. ืืฉืจ ื—ืœืง ืžื”ื ื›ื‘ืจ ื ืžืฆืื™ื ืขืœ ืกื“ืจ ื™ื•ืžื” ื•ื”ื™ื ืชื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ื”ื ื‘ืขืชื™ื“ ื”ืงืจื•ื‘". 2. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืขืจืš ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืฉื ืช 2006 ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืžืขืงื‘ (ืœื”ืœืŸ- ื”ืžืขืงื‘) ื•ื”ืขืœื” ื›ื“ืœืงืžืŸ: ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ 2003 ืฉื‘ืข ืฉื ื™ื ื•ื—ืฆื™ ืœืื—ืจืคืจืกื•ื ื“ื•ื— ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืืžื•ืจ ื”ื›ื™ื ื” ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ื•ื”ื’ื™ืฉื” ืœื”ื ื”ืœืช ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ื“ื•ื— ื‘ื ื“ื•ืŸ ื”ืงืจื•ื™ "ื“ื•ื— ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืœืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื". ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืฆื™ื™ื ื” ื‘ื“ื•ื— ืฉืœื”, ื›ื™ "ื”ื’ื™ืขื” ืœืžืกืงื ื” ื›ื™ ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืืœ ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ื›ืืœ ืžื’ื–ืจ ื ืคืจื“ ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™. ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืกื‘ื•ืจื” ื›ื™ ื”ื”ืกื“ืจื™ื ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื ื•ื”ื—ื•ืงื™ื™ื ื”ื—ืœื™ื ื”ื™ื•ื ืขืœ ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื, ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื”ืžืฉื•ืชืคื™ื ืœื”ื, ืœื•ืงื™ื ื‘ื—ืกืจ. ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ื”ืงื™ื™ื, ื›ืœ ืชืื’ื™ื“ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ืคื•ืขืœ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืกื“ืจื™ื ื”ืงื‘ื•ืขื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ืง ื”ืžืงื™ื ืื•ืชื• ื›ืืฉืจ .__________________ .1 .ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื”: ืจืฉื•ืช ืฉื“ื•ืช ื”ืชืขื•ืคื”; ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืฉืžื™ืจืช ื”ื˜ื‘ืข ื•ื”ื’ื ื™ื ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ื™ื; ื”ืžื•ืกื“ ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืœืื•ืžื™ 280 ื“ื•ื— ืฉื ืชื™57ื‘ .ื”ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื”ืกื“ืจื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ื›ืืฉืจ ื‘ืžืจื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงืจื™ื ืงืฉื” ืœืขืžื•ื“ ืขืœ ื”ื ื™ืžื•ืงื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื“ืœื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื”ืกื“ืจื™ื. ืžื•ืฆืข, ืืคื•ื, ืœื—ื•ืงืง ื—ื•ืง ืžืกื’ืจืช". ืžื“ื•ื— ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ื”ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœื™ื–ื•ื ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื—ืงื™ืงื” ื•ื”ืกื“ืจื” ื‘ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื•ื‘ื”ื: ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ืžื•ืขืฆืช ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ ื•ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื”; ื—ื•ื‘ืช ื”ื–ื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ื ืืžื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื ื•ืฉืื™ ืžืฉืจื” ื‘ืชืื’ื™ื“ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™; ืกื“ืจื™ ื”ืขืกืงืช ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœื ื”ืžื ื›"ืœ, ื”ื™ื•ืขืฅ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ ื•ื”ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™; ืžื ื’ื ื•ื ื™ ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื•ื‘ืงืจื” ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื™ื. ื“ื ืขืงื, ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ ืฉืขืฉื” ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืฉื ืช 2006 ื”ืขืœื” ืฉื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื”ื•ืขื‘ืจื” ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ืืš ื”ืกื“ืจ ื˜ืจื ื ืขืฉื” ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉืขื‘ืจื• 3.5 ืฉื ื™ื ืžืื– ื”ื•ื’ืฉ ื“ื•ื— ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ื•-11 ืฉื ื™ื ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืคื•ืจืกื ื“ื•ื— ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”. ืžื ื”ืœ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช - ืžืจ ืื™ื™ืœ ื’ื‘ืื™, ื‘ืฉื ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ, ื”ื‘ื”ื™ืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ - 14.1.07 , ื›ื™ ืขื•ื“ ื‘ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ 2006 ื”ื•ื ืงื™ื‘ืœ ื”ื ื—ื™ื” ืฉืœ ืžืžืœื ืžืงื•ื ืจืืฉ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื“ืื– - ืžืจ ืื”ื•ื“ ืื•ืœืžืจื˜, ืœื’ื‘ืฉ ื‘ื”ืงื“ื ืชื–ื›ื™ืจ ื—ื•ืง; ื•ื›ื™ ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช 2007 ื˜ื™ื•ื˜ืช ื”ืฆืขืช ื”ื—ื•ืง ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื”ื›ื ื”. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ืžื ื”ืœ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช ื”ืฆื”ื™ืจ, ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ืจื•ืื” ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืขืœื™ื•ื ื” ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ื”ื”ืกื“ืจ. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืจื•ืฉื ืœืคื ื™ื• ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืืœื”. ืขื ื–ืืช ื ื•ื›ื— ื”ืชืžืฉื›ื•ืช ื”ื”ืœื™ืš ืžืคื ื” ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืชืฉื•ืžืช ืœื‘ ืœืฆื•ืจืš ืœื”ืคื™ืง ืœืงื—ื™ื ื‘ืืฉืจ ืœืกื“ืจื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ืžื˜ื” ื”ืžืฉืจื“ื™ืช ื•ื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืฉืจื“ื™ืช. 3. ื“ื•ื— ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืฉื ืช 1995 ืขืกืง ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืืจ ื‘ืกื“ืจื™ ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื•ื”ื‘ืงืจื” ืขืœ ืฉื›ืจ ืื• ื’ืžื•ืœ ืื—ืจ ื”ืžืฉื•ืœื ื‘ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ื”ืกื˜ื˜ื•ื˜ื•ืจื™ื™ ื ื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ืฉื›ืจ ืื• ื’ืžื•ืœ ื•ืชื ืื™ื ื ืœื•ื•ื™ื ืฉืœ ื™ื•"ืจ ืžื•ืขืฆืช ืชืื’ื™ื“. ื‘ื“ื•ื— ืฆื•ื™ืŸ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื”ืกื“ืจ ืื—ื™ื“ ืœื›ืœืœ ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ืชืฉืœื•ื ืฉื›ืจ ืื• ื’ืžื•ืœ ืœื™ื•"ืจ ืฉืœ ืžื•ืขืฆืช ืชืื’ื™ื“ ืกื˜ื˜ื•ื˜ื•ืจื™: ื™ืฉ ืฉื”ืกื“ืจ ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ื ืงื‘ืข ื‘ื—ื•ืง ืฉืœืคื™ื• ื”ื•ืงื ืชืื’ื™ื“ ืžืกื•ื™ื ื•ื™ืฉ ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ื”ื ื”ืกื“ืจ; ื™ืฉื ื ื—ื•ืงื™ื ืฉืงื•ื‘ืขื™ื ื‘ืžืคื•ืจืฉ ื›ื™ ื—ื‘ืจ ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืœื ื™ืงื‘ืœ ืฉื›ืจ ื‘ืขื“ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื•, ื•ื™ืฉ ื—ื•ืงื™ื ืฉืœื ื ืืžืจ ื‘ื”ื ื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื”ื ื•ืฉื. ื‘ืกื™ื›ื•ื ืื•ืชื• ื“ื•ื— ืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื›ื™ ืœื“ืขืชื•, ื”ืžืฆื‘ ืฉื‘ื• ื™ืฉ ืฉื•ื ื™ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ื“ื•ืžื™ื, ืื™ื ื• ืžื ื™ื— ืืช ื”ื“ืขืช, ืœื ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื•ืœื ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื”ืกื“ืจื™ ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืขืœ ื”ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ื ื•ืžืฉื•ื ื›ืš ืจืฆื•ื™ ืฉื”ืžื—ื•ืงืง ื™ืกื™ืจ ืื™ -ื‘ื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื–ื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื•ืจืื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื” ื‘ื—ื•ืง. ื”ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ, ืฉืžืŸ ื”ืจืื•ื™ ืœืฉืงื•ืœ ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ื”ืกื“ืจ ืžืงื™ืฃ ืœื›ืœืœ ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื–ื›ื•ืช ืœืงื‘ืœ ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ื ื›ืืžื•ืจ ื•ื“ืจื›ื™ ืงื‘ื™ืขืชื ื•ืื™ืฉื•ืจื. ื”ืžืขืงื‘ ื”ืขืœื”, ืฉืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื˜ืจื ื”ื•ืฉืœืžื• ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื”ื—ืงื™ืงื” ืœื”ืกื“ืจ ื›ื•ืœืœ ืฉืœ ื ื•ืฉื ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ื”ืกื˜ื˜ื•ื˜ื•ืจื™ื™ื ืœื ื”ื•ืกื“ืจ ื’ื ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉื›ืจ ืื• ื”ื’ืžื•ืœ. 4. ืขื•ื“ ื”ืขืœื” ื”ืžืขืงื‘ ืฉืจืฉื•ืช ืฉื“ื•ืช ื”ืชืขื•ืคื” ืฉื™ืœืžื” ืœื™ื•"ืจ ืžื•ืขืฆืช ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ื•ื ื•ืกื™ื ื•ืชื•ืกืคืช ืœื’ืžื•ืœ, ื‘ืœื™ ืฉื”ื™ื• ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื” ืžืœื•ื ื”ืื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ืœื›ืš. ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ 281 .
ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช/ื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ื”ืกื“ืจ ืžืงื™ืฃ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ืกื“ืจื™ ื ื™ื”ื•ืœื ืฉืœ ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ืกื˜ื˜ื•ื˜ื•ืจื™ื™ื - ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช