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A few of the ways that integers are used in daily life are highway speed limits, clocks, addresses, thermometers and money. Integers are also used for hockey scores, altitude levels and maps.Continue Reading Positive integers, or whole numbers, are used in many ways during daily life. Highway numbers are posted along with roadway speed limits. Integers are used to understand what speed to drive on a given road. Numbers on clocks are used to understand time and to set clock alarms. There are numbers on buildings and houses to identify addresses and numbers for floor levels within buildings. Maps utilize integers to provide direction and information. Negative integers may be less obvious for use in everyday life. Some examples of negative integer use include the thermometer readings, keeping score in a hockey game, altitude and banks. While all of these examples use positive integers, they utilize negative integers as well. A thermometer uses negative integers to represent temperatures below zero. In hockey, when the other team scores on the first team's line, it is a minus, but when the first team scores, it is a plus. Altitude that is below sea level is represented with negative numbers. Banks and credit unions represent debits with negative integers and credits with positive integers.Learn more about Numbers

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Cancer: Uncontrolled growth of tissue resulting from the continuous and rapid production and reproduction of abnormal cells that invade and destroy other tissues. When cancer cells were discovered they were named after the Greek word for crab because when viewed microscopically they appear crab-like or star-like. Certain cell structures are considered cancerous more often than others. These are crab-like, star-like, in structure. Most notably, in breast X-rays, noncancerous tumors will tend to appear round (spherical) while cancerous ones will look more star-like. This is not to say that all star-like cells are cancerous but rather all cancerous cells appear star-like. Specialists are very adept at detecting cancerous cells with the advanced technology and imaging equipment available today. However there is a very practical mathematical procedure that can identify whether the image of a cell structure requires a more thorough examination to determine whether it is cancerous or not. A mathemtical calculation can determine a common feature of cancerous cells. This has to do with compactness of the cell structure. If the cell structure is relatively compact it is not considered cancerous while a cell cluster that is undifferentiated (or not compact) is scrutinized a bit closer for cancerous tendencies. This mathematical calculation is based on a ratio of perimeter (p) and area (a) of the 2-D image of the cell. Calculation: We will call this ratio, r where r = p^2/a. Or, the ratio of perimeter-squared to area. This is as Bacus & Grose described, the Nuclear Shape of the cell as a classification of cancerous cell features.

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NASA scientists recently determined that an asteroid they once thought had a high possibility of hitting Earth in 2036 is no longer a threat — for now. Discovered in 2004, the asteroid — which scientists later named Apophis, after an ancient Egyptian mythological demon — is expected to make a close pass near Earth in 2029, a mere 22,364 miles from the planet. The asteroid would be closer to Earth at that point than the geostationary satellites currently in orbit. Scientists had hypothesized that the Earth’s gravitational pull might then alter the course of the object, bringing it on a possible collision course. The asteroid would potentially strike Earth with a force of 880 megatons — or “about 17 Tsars, the biggest nuclear bomb ever created,” Gizmodo noted. By comparison, the asteroid believed to have killed off the dinosaurs hit the Earth with a 100,000,000 megaton blast. The asteroid had a 3 percent chance of hitting the planet, scientists projected. NASA determined in the past week, however, that Apophis no longer poses a life-threatening danger to Earth’s inhabitants, even though it may have a major impact on weather patterns. “The worry about Apophis has only been postponed, not eliminated,” reported Sky & Telescope. “Its orbit is not all that different from Earth’s, and some day in the distant future the two bodies will either have a catastrophic collision — or an encounter so close that Earth’s gravity will yank Apophis onto a new and significantly different interplanetary path.”

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|Capital: If some one starts a business some amount is necessary, it is called capital. Partnership: A business is undertaken by two or more persons is called partnership. Partners: Who runs the business jointly are called partners. Investment: The money invested by the partners in the business is called investment. Two partners Jack and Mike started business with capitals $8,000 and $10,000 respectively and made a profit of $2,700. At the end of the year find the share of each. Investment of Jack = $8,000 Investment of Mike = $10,000 Ratio of the investment of Jack and Mike = 8,000 : 10,000 = 4:5 Period of investment is same, so the profit is divided in the ratio of their investments. Ratio in which the profit is divided = 4:5 Profit at the end of the year = $2,700 Jack's Profit = (2700*4) / 9 = $1,200 Mike's Profit = (2700*5) / 9 = $1,500 Directions: Solve the following problems. Also write at least 5 examples of your own.

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In 1971 Mike Turnage discovered dinosaur tracks in the Paluxy River in Glen Rose, Texas. What came to be known as the Turnage Patton Trail was a series of 157 footprints encased in 527 feet of solidified mud along the river bottom–the longest continuous dinosaur path on the North American continent! Dr. Carl Baugh began his excavation project in 1982 and has since uncovered over 400 dinosaur tracks…with over 80 human footprints interspersed in the same layer of Cretaceous limestone. In 1984 Dr. Baugh founded the Creation Evidence Museum of Texas to showcase his discoveries. A scientific theory is a well-substantiated explanation of some aspect of the natural world, a hypothesis based on a body of facts that have been repeatedly confirmed through observation and experiment. It is more than a guess or a hunch, but may not yet have been established as incontrovertible fact through direct observation and/or repetition of occurrence. When Darwin’s Theory of Evolution was introduced, many considered it highly controversial. They argued that evolution could never be proven because no one directly observed and recorded the beginning of the natural world, and the event would be impossible to repeat. Over time, though, scientists have observed directly and repeatedly the evolutionary changes that occur within species, and so the expanded theories pertaining to macro-evolution have gradually gained acceptance. So much so that the “counter” theory of Creationism, which used to be the predominant explanation, has fallen into disfavor and is often ridiculed as being “unscientific”. But is it? Can Creation scientists explain the beginning of the natural world and support their theories through factual and reproducible observations and experiments? Dr. Carl Baugh and a number of other scientists associated with the Creation Evidence Museum say, “Yes!” The Creation Evidence Museum displays their evidence of the Creation model, features a well-stocked book store, hosts annual “Dino Digs” for students of all ages, and presents a monthly Director’s Lecture Series to explain their hypotheses. Their website also offers an impressive number of videos that explain the Theory of Scientific Creationism for those who might want to listen before making a decision.

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Definition - What does Computational Origami mean? Computational origami is the set of tools and techniques used to model different materials and paper-folding designs on a computer. Computational origami explains the way a three-dimensional origami structure can be created from two-dimensional paper with the help of several algorithms. The algorithm used in computer-aided design tools for origami is very sophisticated and finds its application in engineering and other visual applications. Airbag design, machine folding and protein folding are some of the applications for computational origami. Techopedia explains Computational Origami A mathematician named Humaki Huzita developed a sequence of six complex origami properties in order of increasing complexity.These explain the relation between two points connected in a single line fold, and how four points can be connected on a flat surface. The most important application of computational origami is influenced by the folding of processors, which is used to increase a processor's data capacity and reduce space so that more processors fit within the same space. However, computational origami does present a few drawbacks and limitations. When simple, fine-grained processors are used, a lot of hardware is needed to implement the design for these processors. In addition, long queues are formed when complex programs are executed. Finally, origami techniques are not applicable to a silicon-based array of processors, since the long delay lines formed will not be area efficient when complex processing takes place.

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by Adam Jacobs Peace is a very abstract concept and means something different to everyone, so how can we educate for something that doesn't have a universal definition? We break down peace into two definable concepts: 1) stopping violence and 2) establishing a space where violence doesn't have to happen. In fact there is an academic field of peace education (yes, that is something that exists...at least I hope so, I have a Masters Degree in it!). The founders of that field explain that there are two types of peace: Negative peace and Positive peace. Negative peace is stopping a fight, ending a war, and generally putting a cessation to violence. Positive peace is establishing a space where the necessary tools are in place so that alternatives to violence are the norm, rather than the exception. At Kids Creative, we call these Reactive and Proactive peace. Instead of always reacting to violence, we want to establish a community where we proactively seek out peace for all participants, staff and parents. We do this through staff training, key rules, considering all aspects of our environment, and creating guidelines for how participants should interact with each other. One example of a Proactive Peace rule is "No fake teasing". Fake teasing means that the person who feels that they are being teased has the power to tell the other person/people that they don't like what was said or how it was said, we give them the tools and space to speak about it and work out their conflict, and we work with them to identify ways to avoid this conflict in the future. There are many ways to establish peace in our programs, and while it is not an easy task, it is essential for the long haul.

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44 years ago, on January 23, 1973, a previously-unknown fissure in the Earth beneath the small Icelandic island of Heimaey opened up less than a mile from the town of Vestmannaeyjar, which had a population of about 5,000 at the time. Within a day’s time, almost the entire island was safely evacuated, and geologists began to monitor the eruption. The newly-formed Eldfell volcano erupted for about six months, covering much of Vestmannaeyjar in ash, destroying several hundred homes, and sending lava flows toward the harbor—at one point raising the water temperature to 111° F (44° C). An enormous and largely-successful effort was made to slow and control the lava flow by pumping seawater and spraying the leading edge of the flows. Within a year after the end of the eruption, most residents had returned, and today, the island remains inhabited, with a population of about 4,500.

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Caterpillars of the Australian bag shelter moth, Ochrogaster lunifer, feed at night and spend the day in shelters of silk, debris and fecal matter. The caterpillars feed on leaves from Acacia, Eucalyptus and Corymbia. If the caterpillars defoliate their host, they wander in search of more food. The caterpillars secrete silk and a pheromone to produce a trail. Caterpillars will follow the trail and will travel in a head to tail procession of caterpillars. The caterpillars produce a prodigious number of urticating hairs estimated at 2.0 to 2.5 million setae in a fully developed caterpillar. The defensive hairs contain an anticoagulant that is toxic to vertebrate predators. Contact with the caterpillars can cause skin irritation. The hairs persist on the cast cuticles of the caterpillars and can be distributed over a wide area when nests are blown apart by wind. If consumed by pregnant mares, the urticating hairs can cause equine amnionitis and fetal loss. The hairs can work their way into the placenta, damage the fetus and result abortion of the fetus. L. E. PERKINS, M. P. ZALUCKI, N. R. PERKINS, A. J. CAWDELL-SMITH, K. H. TODHUNTER, W. L. BRYDEN and B. W. CRIBB. The urticating setae of Ochrogaster lunifer, an Australian processionary caterpillar of veterinary importance. Medical and Veterinary Entomology (2016) 30, 241–245.

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Some Kids Like doing Science Experiments very much . They are very curious to know "Why" this happen , " How Come" , " What If " ....? Science activities for kids can be fun and educational. Simple science experiments you can do at home or school with kids are a fun way to introduce children of all ages to basic scientific concepts. Find easy science experiments now with easy to follow step by step instructions. Experiments can be :- Many of these experiments use items from nature, and might require a trip to the backyard or garden. What goes up, must come down. Bubbling, fizzing, and messy Experiments are fun and always a winner! General Science Experiments Discover the science behind everyday objects .

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An object was teleported from Earth to space in what is being hailed as an astonishing leap forward for science. We are still a long way from zapping humans across galaxies Star Trek-style but a team of scientists have managed to beam a single photon more than 300 miles from the Earth to a special receiver orbiting our planet. A photon is the basic unit that makes up all light. This major breakthrough, in the very complex field of quantum mechanics, was made by Chinese researchers. They completed the astonishing task by bringing together several disciplines of science including advance physics and rocket science. They did it by using a process called quantum entanglement they teleported the photon to a satellite called Micius that was launched last year. On board the satellite is an extremely sensitive photon receiver capable of picking up the single elementary particle when it is sent from Earth reports the Daily Mirror . Quantum entanglement occurs when two objects are formed at the same instant and point in space - effectively existing in two separate places at once. Although they are separated, the two objects are immediately influenced by each other regardless of the amount of distance between them. This is known as the “wave function”. So one photon in space and one photon on Earth could be created at the same time and share a quantum link with each other. Scientists have realised they can use this link to effectively transmit information associated with one object over to the other almost instantaneously. By altering the state of one they can alter the state of the other - this is what is meant by the current scientific definition of “teleportation”. This process has been carried out many times in laboratories on Earth but this is the first time it has ever been tested in space, setting a record for the longest distance a photon has been teleported with quantum entanglement. The Chinese team told the MIT Technology Review: “Long-distance teleportation has been recognized as a fundamental element in protocols such as large-scale quantum networks and distributed quantum computation,” “Previous teleportation experiments between distant locations were limited to a distance on the order of 100 kilometers, due to photon loss in optical fibers or terrestrial free-space channels.” The successful completion of the test is yet another indicator of China’s growth as a space-faring and technologically advanced nation. The country already has plans in motion to establish a permanent human presence on its orbiting space laboratory, Tiangong-2.

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The main objective of this session is to make sure you practice battery safety on the job. By the time the session is over, you will be able to identify battery hazards; understand how batteries work; safely charge batteries; assist in properly maintaining batteries; select appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) for battery maintenance; and follow proper emergency procedures. Why “Battery Safety—Spanish” Matters: The key issues associated with using batteries safely include battery hazards, battery charging, and battery maintenance. Although this session focuses primarily on the lead-acid large batteries used in electric lift trucks, backup systems, and substances, the same safety principles can be applied to smaller batteries used in cars and trucks, battery-operated cleaning and sweeping equipment, and even rechargeable power tools. - There are a variety of hazards associated associated with batteries, especially large lift truck batteries. - Charging should be performed only in designated areas. - Appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) should be worn when working with batteries. - Electrolyte spills should be cleaned up immediately. - If you work with or around batteries, you should know emergency procedures in case of a battery-related accident.

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Fryns syndrome is a condition that affects the development of many parts of the body. The features of this disorder vary widely among affected individuals and overlap with the signs and symptoms of several other disorders. These factors can make Fryns syndrome difficult to diagnose. Most people with Fryns syndrome have a defect in the muscle that separates the abdomen from the chest cavity (the diaphragm). The most common defect is a congenital diaphragmatic hernia, which is a hole in the diaphragm that develops before birth. This hole allows the stomach and intestines to move into the chest and crowd the heart and lungs. As a result, the lungs often do not develop properly (pulmonary hypoplasia), which can cause life-threatening breathing difficulties in affected infants. Other major signs of Fryns syndrome include abnormalities of the fingers and toes and distinctive facial features. The tips of the fingers and toes tend to be underdeveloped, resulting in a short and stubby appearance with small or absent nails. Most affected individuals have several unusual facial features, including widely spaced eyes (hypertelorism), a broad and flat nasal bridge, a thick nasal tip, a wide space between the nose and upper lip (a long philtrum), a large mouth (macrostomia), and a small chin (micrognathia). Many also have low-set and abnormally shaped ears. Several additional features have been reported in people with Fryns syndrome. These include small eyes (microphthalmia), clouding of the clear outer covering of the eye (the cornea), and an opening in the roof of the mouth (cleft palate) with or without a split in the lip (cleft lip). Fryns syndrome can also affect the development of the brain, cardiovascular system, gastrointestinal system, kidneys, and genitalia. Most people with Fryns syndrome die before birth or in early infancy from pulmonary hypoplasia caused by a congenital diaphragmatic hernia. However, a few affected individuals have lived into childhood. Many of these children have had severe developmental delay and intellectual disability.

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Diverticulosis is an illness of a weakened digestive system. It happens when a person consumes too much unhealthy diet like fatty fast food or processed ingredients. Over many years, the walls of the bowels get very weak and start to form “pockets” or “pouches” (from which diverticulosis is named). There may be one or more pouches which form, mostly in the large intestine (where the stool or feces are temporarily stored until toilet time). Half-digested food or the waste products of digestion then gets trapped within these pouches; especially if these are the fatty, low-fiber kind which tends to stick to the walls. This slows down digestion and allows bad bacteria to grow quickly. The end-results are infections and inflammation among other complications. The symptoms that diverticulosis patients experience depends on the stage of the illness. If it is still early on, the following could be some of the common symptoms: - An irregular change from normal toilet habits. - Constipation or a bloated feeling in the abdomen which gets relieved if the passing of stool is successful. - Difficulty in passing out stools. - Some mild pain or tenderness in the lower abdomen which starts and stops (not continuous). - Nausea or feeling sick and want to vomit. - Possible diarrhea. - Hyperacidity on stomach due to stress. - Appetite could, later on, be affected. - Some difficulty in movement (ie. walking, sitting). Diverticulosis is a long-term disease and may leave patients feeling exhausted and frustrated. If the diverticulosis sufferer can alter his or her lifestyle in time, then the illness could be managed with the patient having a relatively comfortable quality of life. But if the patient continues with business as usual then there is a high chance of diverticulosis getting much worse. Infection and inflammation of the “pouches” can lead to diverticulitis.

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Family trees can be a very basic outline of your family’s genealogy, or they can be pedigree family trees that follow strict rules and include many details. Basic family trees have very few rules. You can set up the tree largely as you choose. Pedigree trees use specific symbols to indicate family relationships and follow specific rules because they are used by medical professionals to assess a person’s family medical history. Even basic family trees typically abide by one basic rule: the tree is set up as a hierarchy. Whether you place the current generation at the bottom or top of the tree is up to you. Place each generation in a unique horizontal row. For example, if you begin the tree by placing grandparents at the top, place their children on the line below and their grandchildren two lines below. Place a married man and woman beside one another and note any children directly below the couple. This hierarchy lets you easily see the relationships and different generations. In pedigree family trees, each gender has a specific symbol. Squares represent the males in the family, and circles represent the females. A diamond denotes a family member whose gender is unknown. If a family member is pregnant, mark her name with a “P.” Pedigree family trees have symbols for many types of relationships. A dashed line and brackets around a person means he is adopted. Relationship symbols are important when you create a tree to trace family medical history. Obviously, an adopted person would not be a factor in a family’s medical history. A diagonal line through a name indicates that the person passed away. A small triangle indicates a miscarriage or other type of pregnancy loss. Accuracy is important in creating a family tree that provides useful information. It's better to leave a space blank than fill it with inaccurate or assumed information. For example, if you don't know whether your grandfather had siblings, don't arbitrarily add in spaces for siblings, assuming that they existed. While not a hard and fast rule, it is a good idea to keep the family tree once you create it. As each new generation comes along, you may find it harder and harder to fill in family members from several generations prior. If a family member has put in the work to create the family tree, make sure to keep it intact so the family can pass it down to future generations.

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(CNN)Alaskan salmon are getting smaller due to climate change and competition, according to a new study. The authors researched over six decades of data from the Alaska Department of Fish and Game -- from 1957 to 2018 -- on over 12.5 million fish. The primary cause of the declining body size of salmon, according to the study, is that the fish are spending less time out in the open Pacific Ocean. "We saw a strong and consistent pattern that the salmon are returning to the rivers younger than they did historically," Eric Palkovacs, a professor at UC Santa Cruz and a corresponding author of the study, said in a news release. "It seems that the ocean is becoming a riskier place to be," he said. The study looked at four species of salmon -- Chinook, chum, coho and sockeye -- throughout Alaska where residents have noticed a decrease in salmon size. Besides spawning at younger ages, climate change and competition from the growing numbers of wild and hatchery salmon are also significant factors in salmon size reduction, according to the study. "We know that climate drives changes in ocean productivity, and we see a consistent signal of climate factors associated with decreasing salmon size," Palkovacs said. "Another consistent association is with the abundance of salmon in the ocean, especially pink salmon," Palkovacs said. "Their abundance in the North Pacific is at historic highs due in part to hatchery production in Alaska and Asia, and they compete with other salmon for food." Krista Oke, an author of the study and a scientist at the University of Alaska, Fairbanks, said that the next thing the researchers want to analyze is what is causing the shift in the ocean itself. "There's not a single smoking gun," Oke said in the news release. "Small contributions from a lot of factors are adding up to drive these changes."

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Today, we practised talking about 3D shapes then used different equipment to make some 3D shapes. This is a cube. Write 3 facts about a cube. Leave a comment Posted in Communication and language, Mathematics, Physical development, PSED Tagged 3D Shapes, Making 3D Shapes, Using Shape Words, Wombridge e Primary School.

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Naval sonar exercises are much more distressing to beaked whales than previously believed, and are driving them to beach themselves, a new study has found. Scientists have long been aware of a link between sonar exercises and mass strandings of beaked whales – indeed, environmental groups took the US navy all the way to the Supreme Court over the issue back in 2008. The court ruled that the Navy could continue with its exercises, but said it was essential for the Navy to develop better methods to protect the whales. This was all very well, but with no scientific evidence as to what levels of sonar were acceptable, the ruling did little to help. Now, Peter Tyack, a senior scientist at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI), has used two methods to investigate behavioral responses of beaked whales to sonar. One was to monitor whale responses to naval exercises involving tactical mid-frequency sonars over several days, and the other was to play simulated sonar and control sounds to whales tagged with a device that records sound, movement, and orientation. “These experiments were very difficult to develop, and it was a major breakthrough simply to be able to develop a study that could safely study these responses,” says Tyack. “All three times that tagged beaked whales were exposed experimentally to playback of sounds when they were foraging at depth, they stopped foraging prematurely and made unusually long and slow ascents to the surface, moving away from the sound.” During real naval exercises, the team found that whales moved away from the sonar as quickly as possible, in a response that could lead to the mass beachings. And they showed this behaviour at sonal levels well below those previously considered to be a problem. “This suggests that beaked whales are particularly sensitive to sound. Their behavior tended to be disrupted at exposure levels around 140 decibels, so they may require a lower threshold than many current regulations that anticipate disruption of behavior around 160 dB,” says Tyack.

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First person embodiment virtual reality training activates brain networks to help you identify more with others. CREDIT: de Borst et al., eNeuro 2020. How can VR be best used in education? VR is best used in educations for: - Immersive and experiential learning - Bringing people together who are geographically far apart - Evoking empathy Immersive and experiential learning – many people agree that experiential learning is the most effective way to learn. VR allows this to happen by successfully tricking the brain into thinking it’s seeing the virtual as reality, making us think that we are learning by experience. My favourite VR apps for experiential learning are: a)– if you want to improve your communication skills, practice for a speech, interview, or sales pitch, you can use this app to trick your mind into thinking you’re speaking in front of a real crowd rather than the photo-realistic audiences and avatars in the app. It also provides instant feedback on hesitation words, volume of voice and pace so you can continually improve. b) virtual tour of landmarks across the world. The images are really high quality so it’s easy to forget you’re still in a classroom or living room.-you can take a c) virtual tour of the solar system. Who would’ve thought experiential learning about space was even possible?– you can go on a Go on a virtual tour of our solar system. Bringing people together – collaborating with other learners, other classes, and other schools can be a whole lot easier. As another comment mentions, imagine learning a language and being able to meet up with a native speaker of that language in a number of seconds. VR has the ability to make the world smaller and accessible. Evoking empathy – people relate more to people and situations which they understand, and therefore have often had first-hand experience with. This could help charities to educate people about the reality of the situation that they are trying to help. For example, Alzheimer’s UK released a VR app called that puts the user in the position of someone living with Alzheimer’s. This creates a deeper understanding of the disease and how it affects sufferers. Hopefully this list will keep growing the more the VR industry develops!

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The image was taken on June 27, 2019, by the NASA’s Hubble Space Telescope. (NASA) Hubble Space Telescope recently imaged arguably solar system’s most beautiful planet, Jupiter. The image shows more intense colours than previous images of the planet, showing off the dramatic cloud formations which move in bands, giving the planet its striped appearance. The image was taken on June 27, 2019, by the NASA’s Hubble Space Telescope that reveals the giant planet’s trademark Great Red Spot. The colours, and their changes, provide important clues to ongoing processes in Jupiter’s atmosphere.The bands are created by differences in the thickness and height of the ammonia ice clouds. The colourful bands, which flow in opposite directions at various latitudes, result from different atmospheric pressures. Lighter bands rise higher and have thicker clouds than the darker bands. Bands of clouds move in different directions, due to the differing thicknesses of ammonia ice clouds. The darker bands are areas with thinner clouds, while the lighter bands have thicker clouds. "The colours, and their changes, provide important clues to ongoing processes in Jupiter's atmosphere," the space agency wrote in a news release.The European Space Agency, which operates the telescope along with the NASA, said the photo confirms that the Great Red Spot, a massive storm roughly the diameter of Earth, is still shrinking. The storm has been raging for at least 150 years, the ESA said. "The reason for this is still unknown so Hubble will continue to observe Jupiter in the hope that scientists will be able to solve this stormy riddle," the ESA wrote in a blog post. "Much smaller storms appear on Jupiter as white or brown ovals that can last as little as a few hours or stretch on for centuries. "According to NASA, the bands are created by differing heights and thicknesses of ammonia ice clouds. Different atmospheric pressures thus create the flowing pattern of the bands."Lighter bands rise higher and have thicker clouds than the darker bands," the NASA said.

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The primary key is an important concept in data processing. The primary key is a field or combination of fields in a record that allows you to uniquely identify a record from all the other records in a table. For example, companies assign IDs to employees as unique identifiers. Thus, an employee ID can serve as a primary key for personnel records. When a table is created in Texis, duplicate records can be stored in the table. The uniqueness characteristic is not enforced automatically. To prevent duplicate records from being stored in a table, some steps must be taken. First, a separate file called an "index" must be created. In this case the index is created so that the DBMS can ensure that all values in a special column or columns of a table are unique. For example, EMPLOYEE table can be indexed on EID (employee ID) so that each row of the EMPLOYEE table contains a different employee ID value (i.e., no duplicate EIDs can be entered.) A variation of the CREATE INDEX command, CREATE UNIQUE INDEX, is used to establish an index that assures no duplicate primary key values are stored in a table. The form of this command is: CREATE [UNIQUE] INDEX index-name ON table-name (column-name [DESC] [,column-name [DESC]] ...) ;

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NINE TRUTHS ABOUT EATING DISORDERS Truth #1: Many people with eating disorders look healthy, yet may be extremely ill. Truth #2: Families are not to blame, and can be the patients’ and providers’ best allies in treatment. Truth #3: An eating disorder diagnosis is a health crisis that disrupts personal and family functioning. Truth #4: Eating disorders are not choices, but serious biologically influenced illnesses. Truth #5: Eating disorders affect people of all genders, ages, races, ethnicities, body shapes and weights, sexual orientations, and socioeconomic statuses. Truth #6: Eating disorders carry an increased risk for both suicide and medical complications. Truth #7: Genes and environment play important roles in the development of eating disorders. Truth #8: Genes alone do not predict who will develop eating disorders. Truth #9: Full recovery from an eating disorder is possible. Early detection and intervention are PARENTS, FAMILIES AND FRIENDS We subscribe to the principles of F.E.A.S.T., a global support and education community of and for parents of those with eating disorders Eating disorders are biologically based mental illnesses and fully treatable with a combination of nutritional, medical, and therapeutic supports. Parents do not cause eating disorders, and patients do not choose eating disorders. Parents and caregivers can be a powerful support for a loved one’s recovery from an eating disorder. Blaming and marginalizing parents in the eating disorder treatment process causes harm and suffering. Patients should receive evidence-based treatment, when available. Families should be supported in seeking the most appropriate treatment in the least restrictive environment possible. Food is medicine: all treatment should include urgent and ongoing nutritional rehabilitation. When the family is supported, the patient is supported. Siblings and parents are affected by a family member’s illness; their needs deserve full attention, too. Parents have a unique capacity to help other parents with support, information, and the wisdom of experience. F.E.A.S.T. is committed to a coalition-building model of advocacy work that requires mutual respect among caregivers, professionals, and patients.

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The Effect of Active Sonar on Human Hearing pp. 239-247 Authors: (Luca Guastini, Renzo Mora, Santomauro Valentina, Barbara Crippa, ENT Department, University of Genoa, Italy) Abstract: Sonar (for sound navigation and ranging) is a technique that uses sound propagation (usually underwater) to navigate, communicate or to localize: sonar may be used as a means of acoustic location (acoustic location in air was used before the introduction of radar). The term sonar is also used for the equipment used to generate and receive the sound. The range of frequencies used in sonar systems vary from infrasonic to ultrasonic. Sonar propagation is related to variations in sound speed, particularly in the vertical plane. Although the difference in speeds between fresh and salt water is small, sound travels more slowly in fresh water than in sea water; in all water the sound speed is determined by its bulk modulus and mass density. While the density effect is small, the bulk modulus is affected by temperature, dissolved impurities, and pressure.

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Pharmacogenetics refers to the study of genetic influences on an individuals response to drugs. In pharmacogenetics, the analysis of a specific gene or group of genes may be used to predict response to a drug or class of drugs. On the other hand, the study of all genes that play a role in drug responses is referred to as pharmacogenomics. It also includes the study of how analysis of total genome may provide more knowledge on genes in the search for drug targets and all key factors in drug reactions. The effect of a specific dose of a specific drug would differ between individual recipients. Some persons may be very responsive to a particular drug; others may be non-responsive. Some may show a partial response while in some others there may be adverse drug reactions. There are many contributing factors to such variations in drug response such as gender, body mass, age, diet, the presence of other medications or particular disease types and exposure to certain chemicals or toxins such as cigarette smoke. In addition to these, genetic factors also influence drug response. Pharmacogenomics involves whole genome sequencing (WGS) and investigating all variations in the entire genome. Pharmacogenetics involves targeted gene panels identifying variations in a predetermined selection of gene(s). Whole genome sequencing provides information on the full spectrum of variations by sequencing the whole genome. Pharmacogenetics (gene(s)-specific drug response testing) provides actionable results and helps clinicians to tailor medications to suit patients needs. It emphasises on particular genes and how they affect an individuals response to a specific drug. Whereas WGS can also provide actionable results, it is not usually required by clinicians to provide actionable results. It is not necessary to have the entire genome analysed before useful results for patients treatment are obtained. Even in cancer treatments, it is not usually required as it is a specific gene(s) that are known to influence the metabolism of cancer drugs. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) or targeted gene panels promises a potential future standard of healthcare and medicine in general. It might not be necessary to provide actionable results, but it can aid immensely research in genetics and provide never-before-seen information about variations in the genome. WGS and its applications is primarily a promising technology with the challenge of storing and making sense of the vast amount of data (6.4 billion base pairs in one human genome; 3.2 in the reference genome). It is an expensive venture, but in recent times we have begun to see the cost reduction.

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Preparing for adulthood Preparing for adulthood is about preparing for things like higher education, employment, independent living, being involved in the community and being healthy in adult life. Discussions about preparing for adulthood need to start when a young person is in year 9 (13 or 14 years old). It may continue beyond the age of 19, for some young people, if it is considered that they require a longer period in education or training to achieve their outcomes and make an effective transition. Transition support from other agencies may continue until the young person is 25. As children get older and become young people and adults it is important that they are given opportunities to take more control over their lives. They will need support to do this from their family and the professionals working with them. This is particularly important for young people with special educational needs (SEN) and/or disabilities. More information about preparing for adulthood can be found here: - The Special Educational Needs and Disability Code of Practice: 0-25 years [external link] - Special Educational Needs and Disability: A guide for parents and carers [external link]

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#Alongthewallin80days - Day 4 A Vallum is unique on any Roman Frontier. Although there is no definitive historical evidence as to why the Roman army built this unusual barrier along the length of Hadrian's Wall, it is thought that the Vallum established the southern boundary of a military zone bounded on the north by the wall itself, this zone would have been "out-of-bounds" to civilians and those with no valid reason to be there. Hadrian's Wall Vallum runs from coast to coast and lies south of the wall. It comprises of a ditch, nominally 6 metres (20 ft) wide and 3 metres (10 ft) deep, with a flat bottom, flanked by two mounds about 6 metres wide and 2 metres (7 ft) high, set back some 9 metres (30 ft) from the ditch edges. For a great deal of its length a third lower mound, the so-called marginal mound occupies the south berm (flat area between mound and ditch), right on the southern lip of the ditch.The total width of the fortification (consisting, from north to south, of mound, berm, ditch, marginal mound, berm, mound) was thus about 36 metres (100 ft). The Vallum is known to have been constructed some time after the wall was completed, as it deviates to the south around several wall-forts which were either completed or under construction when the wall was nearing completion. One of the wall forts that the Vallum would have needed to deviate around would have been milecastle 76, however the location of milecastle 76 has never been confirmed and has only been calculated from the relative distances between other Hadrianic structures. The Vallum is also not visible along where milecastle 76 is believed to be, it is thought that sometime in the 2nd century AD, the Vallum was "slighted" (the ramparts were broken through and the ditch filled in at fairly regular intervals along its length.) Archeologists and historians have deduced that either the Vallum was then deemed unnecessary, or that it was proving to be a hindrance to military and authorised civilian traffic. (The Vallum near Cawfields)

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Walls: That are Chargeable New use of red bricks has been found by the scientists of Washington University, St. Louis. Redbrick is one of the world’s most used building materials. But now the new research enables these red bricks to transform them into energy storage devices. They can be charged to hold electricity that is similar to an electric battery. These bricks will have multiple uses, one of them is powering LED lights directly from brick. What made these bricks possible? Conversion of these bricks into devices that can store electricity has a requirement of a special plastic coating, called PEDOT. This covering protects the surface by covering it along with protecting it from porous cavities in the interior. After covering it with a plastic coating, brick becomes bluish. This allows it to behave like a semiconductor or we can say a solid substance having an electrical conductivity between insulator and conductor. So scientists say by just connecting 2 of the red bricks was able to make energy storage devices. What Scientists say? Julio D’Arcy, assistant professor of chemistry at Washington University said that PEDOT-coated bricks that can provide power to emergency lighting are also ideal building blocks. We envision that this could be a reality when you connect our bricks with solar cells for charging. This could take the power of solar energy in 50 bricks in close proximity to the load& enable powering emergency lighting for five hours.

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Why do we study music? Music is all around us. It is the soundtrack to our lives. Music connects us through people and places in our ever-changing world. It is creative, collaborative, celebratory and challenging. Music can bring communities together through the shared endeavour of singing, playing musical instruments solo and in a group, experimenting with the creative process and, through the love of listening to friends and fellow pupils, performing. The sense of achievement in performing or hearing your composed piece of music gives a real sense of satisfaction and well-being. Studying a musical instrument is fun, good for your wellbeing and is a workout for the whole brain and this increased efficiency in brain function can be applied to non-musical tasks too, often helping to create better problem solvers and improving memory recall. You can find your own musical paths when you study music and develop ways to express yourself through composing, understanding how composers and songwriters work and how they make their music so special. With the development of music technology, you are no longer limited to the instruments you can play, opening up new exciting career possibilities in the ever-expanding music industry regardless of background, ethnicity or sexual orientation. Music at The Heath aims to harness the sheer joy of music making can feed the soul of the school community, enriching each student while strengthening the shared bonds of support and trust which make a great school - Students will gain an aural knowledge of some of the great musical output of human civilisation. - Students engage with creative musical processes through improvisation and composition within different musical genres to expand their musical horizons. - Students build an understanding of how the elements of music work and how they shape the music we create and listen to. This enables pupils to use these fundamental tools to express themselves musically. - Students gain a knowledge of an increasing range of notes and improve their fluency in music notation in a variety of forms. Notation can grant access to a lifelong passion for music making if this skill is nurtured and at the Heath. - Students gain an ability to discuss objectively and subjectively the music we hear and create.

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An electron microscope is a microscope that uses a beam of accelerated electrons as a source of illumination. As the wavelength of an electron can be up to 100,000 times shorter than that of visible light photons, electron microscopes have a higher resolving power than light microscopes and can reveal the structure of smaller objects. A scanning transmission electron microscope has achieved better than 50 pm resolution in annular dark-field imaging mode and magnifications of up to about 10,000,000× whereas most light microscopes are limited by diffraction to about 200 nm resolution and useful magnifications below 2000×. Electron microscopes use shaped magnetic fields to form electron optical lens systems that are analogous to the glass lenses of an optical light microscope. Electron microscopes are used to investigate the ultrastructure of a wide range of biological and inorganic specimens including microorganisms, cells, large molecules, biopsy samples, metals, and crystals. Industrially, electron microscopes are often used for quality control and failure analysis. Modern electron microscopes produce electron micrographs using specialized digital cameras and frame grabbers to capture the images. - SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopes) - Tabletop Scanning Electron Microscopes - TEM (Transmission Electron Microscopes) - Semiconductor & Electronics - Material Science & Nanotechnology - Life Science & Biology

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With Cold Wet Soils, Watch for Corn Seedling Diseases |Figure 1. Seedlings collected from healthy (left) and diseased (right) areas of a field demonstrating differences in height, color, and root rot caused by seedling diseases.| May 2, 2008 Recently planted corn may be at higher risk than normal for damage from seedling disease pathogens. Delayed emergence of as much as two weeks has been reported in some fields and can increase seedling disease risk. Fortunately, most, if not all, corn is treated with one or more seed treatment fungicides that help to reduce disease. Prolonged periods of inclement weather can cause excessive stress on plants predisposing them to seedling disease in spite of seed treatments . Disease caused by Pythium may be especially favored by the cool weather and wet soil conditions in Nebraska now. Moisture is especially important to Pythium because water is needed for the pathogen to produce motile zoospores, which chemically detect plant roots and swim toward them and infect. As many as 14 species of Pythium infect corn, some of which are also able to infect soybean and sorghum. These organisms also produce specialized survival structures, called oospores, which are thick-walled to protect them from harsh conditions. This also enables them to survive for many years, even in the absence of crop plants. Figure 2. Seedling disease symptoms in corn. Diagnosis of seedling diseases can be difficult because several of them cause similar symptoms, such as stunting and chlorosis (yellowing) of upper plant parts, pre- or post-emergence seedling death (also called damping off) and discolored or rotted roots (Figures 1 and 2). You can look for an additional symptom often accompanying Pythium infection by pulling gently on a discolored root. If the outer part of the root (cortex) slips off of the root leaving the white stele in the center, Pythium is the likely cause of the disease. Tamra A. Jackson Extension Plant Pathologist

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Which of the following statements about a chemical synapse is true? 1) Signal transmission occurs by diffusion of a compound called a neurotransmitter through the intercellular space between neurons. A chemical synapse is a space bordered by two neurons through which electrical signals must flow from side to side. Neurotransmitters are mobile molecules that appear to be responsible for transient messages between neurons and across synapse boundaries. They usually flow across the intercellular spaces bordered by neurons and form a bridge of various kinds flanked by two neurons separated by a gap. The signals that must be sent have direct access to the next or target neuron. Seeking for an Answer Looking for an answer to other question Ask your question

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The development of contemporary biotechnology commenced in the 1950s, however the Second World War set many discoveries on carry. Watson and Crick earliest proposed the double helix of GENETICS in 1953. Jacob and Monad employed the operon concept in 1960, and Kohler and Milestein introduced cytoplasmic hybridization, a process that allows bacterias to modify the genome of the specific trojan or affected person. These improvements led to the development of monoclonal www.biotechworldwide.net/ antibodies, which is often useful in a number of applications, including the production of medicine. The expansion of modern biotechnology was slowed like a weed World Warfare, but it finally led to essential discoveries that paved the way with regards to the development of new technologies and products. JD Watson and FHC Crick cleared up mysteries about the structure of DNA and developed the Double Helix Model, which in turn explained how DNA reproduces and its role in gift of money. These innovations were essential to the growth of modern biotechnology. Nevertheless how would these innovative developments develop? The development of modern biotechnology was aided by the Second World War, which was a great impediment to scientific investigate. Nevertheless , after the battle, key discoveries were made that set the stage for modern day biotechnology. For instance, researchers in the us and the British isles developed recombinant DNA technology, which allowed scientists to build therapeutic human proteins entirely organisms or perhaps cells. This procedure can be used to develop insulin in genetically constructed bacteria, huge proteins in transgenic pets and vegetation, and even drugs. The development of vaccines and antibiotics was a crucial milestone in modern scientific disciplines, and today, a lot of the same methods are currently being applied to the development of modern biotechnologies.

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Don't Move Too Quick Our skeleton is the scaffold around which our body is based. It supports us, protects some of our internal organs and allows us to move efficiently. Imagine for a second what a different organism Homo sapiens would be if we had no skeleton. Imagine trying to run or even walk if we had no skeleton. Imagine trying to breath if we didn't have a rib cage to take the weight off our lungs. Imagine walking around with a big brain and no skull. No, without our skeletons we simply wouldn't be the same. We wouldn't look the same or be able to live the kinds of lives we do. By now, you may have developed a strong sense that for all the beauty and intricacies of organisms, things can always go wrong, and when it comes to our skeletons, something going wrong can be devastating...or not. First, take a look at the human skeleton, as you watch this think about how our muscles interact with our skeleton to create movement. Now that you have a firm image of your skeleton in your mind, find out what can happen if all the components that make up your bones aren't in top shape. Use the resources below to answer the following questions: - What is the cause of brittle bone disease? Why are the bones "brittle"? - At what age can brittle bone disease manifest? Does this happen with all sufferers? - What are some of the symptoms of brittle bone disease? - How does someone catch brittle bone disease? Explain specifically how this works. - Where in the body is collagen found? What characteristics does this protein have? What is the structure of this protein? - Why do you think brittle bone disease can cause discoloration in the eyes? What does this say about the overall connectivity of systems in the body? Don't think in terms of what the systems do as much as what they are made of. Why is this relationship beneficial from the viewpoint of energetics?

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56 Indigenous Australia Words... Classroom Themes - Indigenous Australia Words - Ideal for literacy word games and classroom bulletin boards and display..... 56 Indigenous Australia Words List |indigenous||Aborigines||Torres Strait Islanders||Dreaming||didgeridoo| |traditions||culture||Elders||Rainbow Serpent||Ancestral Beings| |dot designs||reserve||desert||land rights||mission| Some Borrowed Aboriginal Words... |PLUS SPARE SPACE TO WRITE YOUR OWN WORDS| Indigenous Australia Words - Suggestions for Use Great use of double letters in these words - highlight these and relate to Phonics Charts The 'borrowed' aboriginal words at bottom of list are fantastic examples to syllablise. Great for syllable and sound mapping - stroke out the syllables, dot the 1 letter graphemes, underline the 2 or more letter graphemes / blends within those syllables. Make mini copies of these words for children to become 'word detectives' and play with the laminated words - circling, colouring phonics etc. These smaller sizes are also great for cut and paste activities such as cutting out the words and pasting them in alphabetical order. The 'borrowed' aboriginal words are particularly interesting in this list. Research more aboriginal words used everyday - there are also lots of place names which originated from aboriginal words particularly in Western Australia. You could look at the similar patterns used within the words and research their original meanings and how they have changed. You can make these words smaller size by using the reduction settings on your printer and just printing off black and white copies, these smaller sizes are great for cut and paste activities. When not being used on a wall display, place them in labelled boxes (small wash powder boxes or yoghurt containers work well, or hanging pockets for continued 'grab and go' games and writing reference. All the activities from '101 Fun Flashcard Activities' are fantastic with these Words ...... (DON'T FORGET TO UTILIZE THIS TERRIFIC RESOURCE EVERYDAY) Search by TypeView all resources »

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French general and statesman, head of government (1944–46), President (1959–69). He served in the French army during World War I, and during World War II was a member of the Cabinet at the time of France's surrender in June 1940. He escaped to Britain, where he was an instigator of the resistance and organized the Free French movement. Following the war he became interim President of the new French Republic, but later resigned. Having been asked to form a government, he became President in 1959 and went on to establish the presidency as a democratically elected office (1962). He resigned in 1969 after proposed constitutional changes were rejected by the electorate. In addition to extricating France from the Algerian crisis and strengthening the French economy, he is remembered for his assertive foreign policy (including withdrawing French forces from NATO and blocking Britain's entry to the EEC) and for quelling the student uprisings and strikes of May 1968. Subjects: history — politics.

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Figures of speech: Omission > Use of language > Figures of speech > Figures of speech: Omission There is a family of figures of speech where a key element is Omission, often with the attention of gaining attention or emphasizing importance. Here they are: - Anapodoton: Suggesting something that is never said. - Apcope: Omitting letters from the end of a word. - Aphaeresis: Removing letters from the start of a word. - Aposiopesis: Not completing a sentence. - Cataphora: Using a word to refer to a word used later. - Ellipsis: omission of words that would make a sentence explicit. - Hypocatastasis: Implied comparison. - Paralipsis: Emphasis by obvious omission. - Parisology: Deliberate use of ambiguous words. - Praeteritio: Mentioning something that is against the rules. - Polysyndeton: Repeating conjunctions. - Synaloepha: Omitting one vowel to combine two words. - Syncope: Shortening word by omitting middle segment.

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Explore the Traditions of Shiva and Jewish Mourning.The Learning Center offers answers to your questions about shiva and the Jewish mourning process. We have worked with rabbis and psychologists to provide helpful advice and alternative viewpoints, appropriate for Jewish and non-Jewish individuals. In the Learning Center, you will find information on all aspects of shiva and Jewish mourning, including a more comprehensive explanation of shiva, the protocol following a death in the workplace, suggestions on what to bring or send to a shiva, and additional articles about mourning within Judaism. Each topic in the Learning Center presents the traditional religious or fundamental perspective with the option for additional viewpoints when available. Judaism provides a structured period of mourning that may last up to one year, allowing the mourner to gradually heal by going through different stages of grief. This section will give you a basic overview and understanding of shiva and Jewish mourning. 'Sitting shiva' is a term used to describe the traditional ritual of the mourners in the seven days after the deceased has been buried. Traditionally during the period of shiva, mourners sat on low stools or boxes. This is where the phrase 'sitting shiva' came from. Mourning in the Jewish faith is a very personal process; each individual mourns and reflects differently. In many instances, extended family, friends and general members of the community – including those who belong to the temple at which the decedent was a member – visit a shiva home.

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The adrenal glands, otherwise known as supra renal glands, are triangular shaped organs that sit on the top of each kidney. Each gland is approximately one-half inch to one inch wide and two to three inches long. As a part of the endocrine system, they release hormones that regulate metabolism. What is the adrenal gland? The adrenal glands are approximately two and half by one inch long yellowish-orange colored glands that are found just above the kidneys. Adrenal glands provide a very important function in protecting the body against stress. This function is carried out by secretion of a number of different types of hormones by the adrenal glands. The adrenal gland is actually two glands that are fused together into one gland. The outer part of the adrenal gland also called the adrenal cortex produces steroid hormones that are involved in regulating a number of different body functions. The adrenal cortex also produces a hormone called aldosterone that is involved in regulating the amount of salt and water in your body. The inner part of the adrenal gland is called the adrenal medulla. The adrenal medulla produces hormones called catecholamines such as adrenaline and noradrenaline. Catecholamines play a role in the response to acute or sudden severe stress, for example during life threatening event. Catecholamines are responsible for the palpitations (racing heart), sweatiness, widening of eyes and shakiness of the hand when faced with sudden fear or other stressful situation. What are adrenal tumors Tumors of the adrenal glands arise from the cortex or the medulla part of the adrenal gland. The tumors from the adrenal cortex produce excess secretion of steroid hormones and aldosterone and tumors from the adrenal medulla produce excessive amounts of catecholamines. Adrenal tumors can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancer). Often this separation is difficult to make and long term close follow up is necessary after removal to detect recurrences early in patients who have adrenal cancer.

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If you think that leprosy died out in the Dark Ages, think again. Throughout the world, roughly 250,000 people are diagnosed with the disease each year, primarily in Brazil, India, the Philippines, Indonesia, and the Democratic Republic of Congo. Even the U.S. sees between 150-250 new cases of leprosy each year. So a new diagnostic test that quickly identifies the disease may help hundreds of thousands of people get treatment before their symptoms become damaging. Formerly called Hansen's disease, Leprosy is caused by a bacterium , Mycobacterium leprae, that is so slow-growing that it often takes up to 10 years for symptoms to appear. Initially, patients may suffer only from rashes and numb patches of skin that are misdiagnosed as fungus or psoriasis. By the time symptoms become more apparent, patients may suffer from crippling nerve damage, maimed digits and joints, ulcerated skin and blindness. And they might also have unknowingly infected their entire family in the process. A cure that involves taking three different antibiotics for a six- to 12-month period already exists for leprosy. But the problem is that by the time many patients are diagnosed and begin treatment, many of the secondary conditions caused by the disease, such as nerve damage, blindness, and disfigurement, cannot be reversed. So health care professionals are buzzing about the possibility of diagnosing leprosy before these damaging symptoms occur, potentially curing leprosy for many patients who would then be able to return to their normal lives. The new leprosy test was developed by American researchers at the Infectious Disease Research Institute and it has recently been registered in Brazil to be manufactured under the Brazilian company, OrangeLife. It looks similar to a pregnancy test and can detect leprosy using a single drop of blood. The price of the test will be $1 or less. Researchers hope that the simple and inexpensive test will allow health care professionals in the field to perform the test on patients in hard hit areas, even if they don't exhibit any leprosy symptoms . This would allow those with a positive result to immediately begin treatment and halt the spread of the disease. Because leprosy is spread through close contact, the patent's family would also be eligible for treatment. That could mean that leprosy, a disease that has plagued doctors for thousands of years, might soon be completely eradicated.

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is a clear plastic device to measure angles from 0 to 180 degrees. You can use a protractor to measure an angle in degrees. How do I measure angles using a are two sets of numbers, so you can measure angles from either side of the protractor. To decide which scale to use, look at the angle you're measuring. If it is greater than a right angle (more than ninety degrees) then use the scale that has numbers greater than 90. If the angle is acute (measures less than 90 degrees), use the scale which has numbers less than 90. A right angle measures 90 degrees. Measure an angle by measuring the distance between its sides. protractor on the angle so that the center point is on the vertex and the zero line is along one side of the angle. Follow the scale beginning at zero and read the measure of the angle where the other side of the angle intersects the scale on the protractor. An acute angle is less than 90 degrees. An obtuse angle is greater than 90 degrees.

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Curriculum Categories. The Pennsylvania Core Body of Knowledge (CBK) for early childhood and school-age practitioners outlines what they need to know and do when caring for and educating young children. The eight knowledge areas are part of Pennsylvania’s Core Body of Knowledge. Early care professionals need to know: - how children grow and develop; - how children can be safe, feel secure, and remain healthy; - how children’s families support their lives; - how and why children’s development is assessed; and - how to value and support the diversity of the children, their families, and the staff. Early care professionals need to be able to: - create a safe, attractive, and interesting environment for children; - plan activities and experiences that are appropriate for the children’s ages and capabilities; - stimulate children’s physical, social, intellectual, and emotional development; and - interact with children in ways that guide them toward an understanding of self and others and toward increased self-control.

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Scientists were surprised that hydrothermal vents could harbor such a dizzying array of species. The real stunner, however, came in the form of what looked like a feathery, elongated lipstick tube: Riftia pachyptila, more commonly known as the giant tube worm. Its discovery upended one of biology's core tenets: That all life essentially depends on the energy of the sun, either by using sunlight for photosynthesis or by munching photosynthesizing organisms. By contrast, in the tube worm millions of symbiotic bacteria that dwell within the its large plumes grab hydrogen sulfide and other noxious chemicals that seep from the vents and convert them into food and energy for their host, a process called chemosynthesis. In 1998, a bot known as ROPOS ("Remotely Operated Platform for Ocean Science") sawed a black smoker free from the sea floor and hauled it up to allow scientists to examine its structure and unique organisms.

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DESCRIPTION: Autorotating helicopters, based on the shape of maple seeds, are made from paper. CONTRIBUTED BY: Gregory Vogt, OSU EDITED BY: Roger Storm, NASA Glenn Research Center Paper (stiffer paper works better) 1.Make copies of the maple seed pattern and derivatives on blank paper. Cut out each pattern. 2.Attach a paper clip to each design and slightly warp (curl) the paper to produce an airfoil shape. 3.Drop each "maple seed" from a height of at least 5 feet and watch its fall. 4.If the design fails to autorotate, adjust the position of the paper clip slightly. Keep adjusting the clip until the "maple seed" begins autorotating as it falls. 5.Experiment with different designs of your own making. Maple seeds are superb autorotating helicopters. They begin rotating almost from the moment they are released from the tree. Even seeds that are poorly shaped or have badly damaged blades (wings) rotate with "ease." Autorotation takes place because of the asymmetrical nature of maple seeds (and of paper copies). The center of mass of the seed is shifted well to one end while its center of lift is approximately in the middle. In a complicated process, the forces at work as the seed falls combine to begin a circular rotation of the seed about its center of mass. The rotation actually inscribes a cone around the axis of fall. The shape of the cone will vary depending upon the aerodynamic qualities of the seed's blade (wing). A blade with minimal lift properties will inscribe a steep-side cone while a blade with strong lift properties will inscribe a very flattened cone. ORIGAMI MAPLE SEED GO TO THE HELICOPTER ACTIVITY PAGE Return to Aeronautics Activities Return to Aerospace Activities Page Objects that Lift Aerospace Education Services Project Oklahoma State University

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Avoiding Tl INT A little known fact about TI computers is that they will accept nonintegers for arguments such as array subscripts and CALL HCHAR and CALL VCHAR arguments. If a floating point value is used, the computer will round off to the nearest integer. For example, A (1.6) is the same as A (2), and A(5.25) is the same as A (5). This is useful when you want to compute the proper element of an array with floating point values. For example, say you have a sprite with coordinates SPRITEX and SPRITEY, and you want to see what's underneath it on the screen. You can then use the following command to get the value: CALL GCHAR(SPRITEY/8 + .5, SPRITEX/8 + .5,var) Why is this important? Taking the INT of those values uses a lot of valuable time, and the INT is absolutely unnecessary. In a graphics program, this can speed things up considerably.

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Platinum was used by the pre-Columbian Indians of South America, platinum wasn't noticed by western scientists until 1735. Platinum can occur free in nature and is sometimes found in deposits of gold-bearing sands, primarily those found in the Ural mountains, Columbia and the western United States. Platinum, in the form of the mineral sperrylite (PtAs2), is also obtained as a byproduct of the nickel mining operation in the Sudbury region of Ontario, Canada. Credit for the modern rediscovery of platinum is usually given to Antonio de Ulloa. Platinum is a soft, dense, ductile metal that is very resistant to corrosion. It is used to make jewelry, wire, electrical contacts and laboratory vessels. Platinum expands at nearly the same rate as soda-lime-silica glass, so it is used to make sealed electrodes in glass systems. Platinum is used to coat missile nose cones, jet engine fuel nozzles and other devices that must operate reliably for long periods of time at high temperatures. Platinum resistance wires are used in high temperature electric furnaces. Platinum anodes are used in cathodic protection systems to prevent ships, pipelines and steel piers from corroding in salt water.

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Robert Hargraves and Ralph Moir introduce iquid fuel reactors:APS Physics | FPS | Liquid Fuel Nuclear Reactors The 2009 update of MIT’s Future of Nuclear Power shows that the capital cost of new coal plants is $2.30/watt, compared to LWRs at $4/watt. The median of five cost studies of large molten salt reactors from 1962 to 2002 is $1.98/watt, in 2009 dollars. Costs for scaled-down 100 MW reactors can be similarly low for a number of reasons, six of which we summarize briefly: Pressure. The LFTR operates at atmospheric pressure, obviating the need for a large containment dome. At atmospheric pressure there is no danger of an explosion. Safety. Rather than creating safety with multiple defense-in-depth systems, LFTR’s intrinsic safety keeps such costs low. A molten salt reactor cannot melt down because the normal operating state of the core is already molten. The salts are solid at room temperature, so if a reactor vessel, pump, or pipe ruptured they would spill out and solidify. If the temperature rises, stability is intrinsic due to salt expansion. In an emergency an actively cooled solid plug of salt in a drain pipe melts and the fuel flows to a critically safe dump tank. The Oak Ridge MSRE researchers turned the reactor off this way on weekends. Heat. The high heat capacity of molten salt exceeds that of the water in PWRs or liquid sodium in fast reactors, allowing compact geometries and heat transfer loops utilizing high-nickel metals. Energy conversion efficiency. High temperatures enable 45% efficient thermal/electrical power conversion using a closed-cycle turbine, compared to 33% typical of existing power plants using traditional Rankine steam cycles. Cooling requirements are nearly halved, reducing costs and making air-cooled LFTRs practical where water is scarce. Mass production. Commercialization of technology lowers costs as the number of units produced increases due to improvements in labor efficiency, materials, manufacturing technology, and quality. Doubling the number of units produced reduces cost by a percentage termed the learning ratio, which is often about 20%. In The Economic Future of Nuclear Power, University of Chicago economists estimate it at 10% for nuclear power reactors. Reactors of 100 MW size could be factory-produced daily in the way that Boeing Aircraft produces one airplane per day. At a learning ratio of 10%, costs drop 65% in three years.

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Famous Britons of the 20th century 2 January 2008Add to My Folder Rated 5/5 from 2 ratings (Write a review) Read biographies about the 10 famous faces in this interactive resource and discuss them with the class, then place them on the timeline in the decade they were most famous This interactive, on-screen resource challenges children to place ten British faces on a timeline, considering in which decade they were most famous with short biographies providing further information. This resource is designed to promote discussion – there may be more than one right answer! Key learning outcomes: - To present a spoken argument, defending views with evidence; - To experiment with the order of paragraphs; - To change the order of material within a paragraph, moving the topic sentence; - To establish, balance and maintain viewpoints in non-narrative; - To use ICT programs - To present text and communicate information.

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A total dissolved solids meter works by adding a voltage between two or more electrodes, according to Reefkeeping. Positively charged ions tend to move toward the negatively charged electrode, while negatively charged ions move toward the electrode with a positive charge.Continue Reading Reefkeeping states that TDS meters are used to analyze the purity of freshwater. Aquarists typically use these devices to find out if deionizing resins need to be replaced or if tap water purification systems, such as reverse osmosis, are working well. However, they do not measure all dissolved solids. They use various units of measure, but all measurements are taken as parts per million. TDS meters are conductivity meters, according to Reefkeeping. When voltage is applied between electrodes, the ions become charged and moving, thus constituting an electrical current. TDS meters monitor the amount of current that passes between the electrodes as a measure of the number of ions in a solution. They detect only mobile charged ions and not neutral compounds, such as sugar, alcohol, pesticides and unionized forms of silica, ammonia and carbon dioxide. They also do not detect bacteria, viruses and macroscopic particles, which are too big to move in the applied electric fields. TDS meters are generally useful for testing the purity of water in aquariums.Learn more about Soil

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“We’ve taken a little bit of HIV and engineered it so that it activates the immune system super well,” said Scripps professor David Nemazee. The researchers’ long-term goal is to design a vaccine that prompts the body to produce antibodies that bind to HIV and prevent infection. Due to HIV’s complex nature, the virus is able to evade detection from the immune system and mutate rapidly into new strains. “Instead, we are focusing the immune response on the Achilles heel of the problem,” said Nemazee. Unlike traditional vaccines, which use inactive proteins from the virus to fight against it, this new approach aims to engineer new proteins that can better train the immune system to recognize the virus. “The response is antibodies,” said Nemazee. “Now the antibodies are made better than they would be naturally and more specifically.” The newly produced antibodies bind to the vaccine, linger in the blood and fight against the virus. So far, scientists at Scripps have only been able to test on mice but they say the results seem promising. Next, they aim to figure out how to design a series of booster shots to train the immune system to finally fight off the HIV.

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Monday, February 16, 2009 Fort George - Pensacola's British Fort At the intersection of Palafox and La Rua Streets in Pensacola is a small park that preserves a portion of the site of Fort George, a British fort that played a key role in the American Revolution. A small section of the fort has been reconstructed and visitors can read interpretive panels that explain the history of the site and also inspect two original British cannon of the Revolutionary War period. Fort George was built by the British after they took possession of Pensacola from the Spanish at the end of the French and Indian War in 1763. An important port for the Indian trade, the city served as the King's capital of West Florida. When Spain and France allied with the American colonists in their uprising against King George III, the British moved aggressively to strengthen their hold on Pensacola. Fort George and two outlying redoubts (smaller forts) were built on the heights overlooking the city and the Royal Naval Redoubt was built where Fort Barrancas stands today. One of the least known yet most significant battles of the American Revolution was fought for control of Fort George and Pensacola during the spring of 1781. Led by General Bernardo de Galvez, a force of thousands of Spanish, French, Irish and American troops laid siege to Fort George. Heavy fighting took place as the British tried to hold them back. The critical moment finally came when a mortar shell fell on the magazine of one of the outlying British redoubts, blowing it to bits. Nearly 100 men died in the explosion. The allied forces attacked and captured the ruins, using the position to fire down on the main British works at Fort George and forcing the men there to raise the white flag. Although it is seldom mentioned in histories of the American Revolution, the capture of Fort George actually produced signficant results for the United States. By ending British possession of West Florida, General Galvez eliminated the possibility that British forces would remained poised on the Southern frontier of the United States following the end of the Revolution. This would prove highly significant during the War of 1812. The battle also eliminated any British threat to the lower Mississippi Valley, clearing the way for the Louisiana Purchase. You can learn more about Fort George and its role in the Battle of Pensacola by visiting www.exploresouthernhistory.com/fortgeorge.

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Lag is a slow response from a computer. It can be used to describe any computer that is responding slower than expected. However, the term is most commonly used in online gaming. Video game lag is generally caused by one of two factors – 1) a slow computer or 2) a slow Internet connection. If you are playing an online multiplayer game and your computer cannot process the incoming data in real-time, it may slow the game down for everyone. If your Internet connection is slow or inconsistent (which is common with a shared wireless connection), your system may not send and receive enough data to keep up with other players. This lag may produce choppy frame rates and cause a delay between your input and what happens on the screen. In an ideal world, all online gamers would have fast computers and fast Internet connections. The reality, however, is that players have a variety of computer systems and significantly different Internet connection speeds. Therefore, video game developers must account for lag in multiplayer games. The preferred method is to make sure lag only affects the individual with the slow computer or Internet connection. This prevents players with high-quality gaming setups from being negatively affected by users with slow systems. In some cases, a player with a high amount of lag will be booted from a multiplayer game. For example, in StarCraft 2, if a player's system is not responding, a message will appear on the player's screen that says, "Waiting for Server." Other players in the game will see a message that says "Waiting for player: [player name]." If the lag is too high, the player will eventually be booted from the game. NOTE: "Lag" can also be used as a verb. For example, a player that is "lagging" may be slowing down the game. Updated: September 26, 2013

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In the 1930s, Irving Langmuir and Katharine Blodgett discovered that by spreading molecules with volatile organic solvents on the surface of water, they could create a one-molecule-thick film and use it as an anti-reflective coating for glass. Later named Langmuir-Blodgett assembly, this thin-film fabrication technique became popular for creating molecule or nanoparticle monolayers and is commonly used until this day. Now Northwestern Engineering's Jiaxing Huang has advanced this old technique. By electrospraying materials on water's surface, he has found a way to avoid the use of toxic organic solvents while making Langmuir-Blodgett assembly more efficient, easier to standardize, and safer to scale up. "The use of organic spreading solvents causes a lot of problems, especially when people use this technique to assemble thin films of nanomaterials," said Huang, associate professor of materials science and engineering at Northwestern's McCormick School of Engineering. "Nanoparticles are usually hard to disperse and can even be damaged by the solvents, leading to poor quality of the final monolayer thin films." "These volatile organic solvents also pose a safety hazard," Huang added. "It becomes problematic when we think about manufacturing." Huang discovered that he could prevent the solvent from mixing with the water by applying it with an aerosol spray. The spray breaks the solvent, which contains the nanoparticles, into millions of smaller droplets. "If you reduce the size of the droplets to the micron range, they won't 'bombard' the water's surface," Huang said. "Think about a humidifier: the water droplets float around because they are not very sensitive to gravity." More importantly, because of their very small volume, by the time the droplets spread on the water, they are consumed immediately. "Mixing with water is suppressed because there's nothing left to mix," Huang said. With electrospray, one does not have to rely on "skillful hands" to perform good Langmuir-Blodgett assembly. Huang said electrosprays can be automated to standardize and scale up this technique for manufacturing.

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SPINNING WIRE FROM BRICK Making electric cable with the new ceramic super conductors is like trying to spin wire from brick.Alan M. Wolsky of Argonne National Laboratory outside Chicago says there are two ways to do it. The ceramics don't gain their superconducting properties and become brittle until baked at 900 degrees C. The precursor materials can be formed into a magnet coil and then baked in place. Engineers also can embed many tiny superconducting filaments in a more ductable "normal" conductor. This makes superconducting cable that can go around corners. Dr. Wolsky says that, one way or another, "solid progress has been made" in learning to make wire from these brick-like materials.

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If a human body's blood alcohol content (BAC) exceeds 300mg/100 ml, it has reached a point where a person crossed over from harmless intoxication to alcohol poisoning. No drinker knows when alcohol poisoning set in. Downing more than 8 drinks in a row would cause your BAC levels to exceed 500mg/100ml, which is fatal. At such levels, the alcohol affects the human brain's control over the person's consciousness, heartbeat and breathing. It also impairs the gag reflex, increasing the risk of victims choking on their own vomit and suffocating. Constant vomiting will lead to dehydration, which causes irregular heartbeat, kidney failure and decreased blood supply to the brain, leading to coma. Breathing will also become irregular and the person's blood pressure will fall dangerously low, depriving the brain of oxygen, which can cause come or severe brain damage. In some hospitals, oxygen therapy, where pure oxygen is pumped into the lungs through a machine, is carried out to increase the supply of oxygen to the body. Any obstruction in the airways will also be cleared to ensure normal breathing. Even if a person survives alcohol poisoning, he/she could suffer irreversible brain damage and memory loss. It is not always easy to tell if a person has reached a dangerous level of intoxication. Drunk people often display the same symptoms such as unconsciousness, slurred speech and vomiting. All these are due to cellular chronic dehydration. Some signs that set alarm bells off:- inability to wake from unconsciousness, slow or irregular breathing, low body temperature and bluish skin color or paleness. Women need to be more careful and aware of alcohol poisoning as they suffer more effects from alcohol than men and generally at a faster rate too. Teenagers, who have a smaller body mass, are also more vulnerable to the effects of alcohol because they have not built up a tolerance for alcohol. They are also less able to judge their own levels of intoxication.

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Using Java 2D's Image-Processing Model IMAGE-PROCESSING tools such as Adobe Photoshop and The GIMP offer a wide variety of filters you can apply on your pictures to create various special effects (see Figure 8-1). When you are designing a user interface, it is very tempting to use those effects. For instance, you could use a filter to blur an out-of-focus element in the UI. You could also increase the brightness of an image as the user moves the mouse over a component. Figure 8-1 Applications like Adobe Photoshop have advanced image-processing capabilities. Despite the impressive-looking results, image processing is not a difficult task to implement. Processing an image, or applying a filter, is just a matter of calculating a new color for each pixel of a source image. The information required to compute the new pixels varies greatly from one filter to another. Some filters, a grayscale filter for instance, need only the current color of a pixel; other filters, such as a sharpening filter, may also need the color of the surrounding pixels; still other filters, such as a rotation filter, may need additional parameters. Since the introduction of Java 2D in J2SE 1.2, Java programmers have access to a straightforward image-processing model. You might have learned or read about the old producer-consumer model of Java 1.1. If you did, forget everything you know about it because the new model is much easier and more versatile. Java 2D's image-processing model revolves around the java.awt.image.BufferedImage class and the java.awt.image.BufferedImageOp interface. A BufferedImageOp implementation takes a BufferedImage as input, called the source, and outputs another BufferedImage, called the destination, which is altered according to specific rules. Figure 8-2 shows how a blur filter produces the final image. Figure 8-2 Filtering an image with Java 2D. While the JDK does not offer concrete image filters, it does provide the foundations for you to create your own. If you need a sharpening or blurring filter, for example, you must know how to provide parameters to a ConvolveOp filter. We teach you such techniques in this chapter. Before we delve further into image-processing theory, let's see how we can use a BufferedImageOp to process an image.

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All across the continent are clues that help us to shed light on the deep past and Europe's dramatic creation. In Genesis, we witness the birth of mountains as tall as the Himalayas, coalfields transformed in to leafy swamps roamed by giant dragonflies and plesiosaurs roaming our once-tropical oceans. In this educational BBC documentary programme we see the raising of the Alps and the ripping open of the Atlantic as Europe is finally born. Part 1: Genesis Part 2: Ice Ages 2.5 million years ago, a periodic shift in the Earth's orbit, coupled with a tilt in its axis, triggered a sudden change in climate and Europe was plunged into an ice age. The wintry iciness of today's Alps spread across northern Europe as ice sheets extended as far south as London, Amsterdam and Berlin. Conditions were ideal for cold-adapted animals, forerunners of musk oxen and reindeer. Woolly mammoth bones dredged from the bottom of the North Sea are evidence that this was once icy tundra. The warm interglacial periods attracted very different creatures: fossil hippos, rhinos, lions and hyenas have been unearthed in London. This thermal pulsing has occurred around twenty times, the last ice age ending 15,000 years ago. Part 3: Taming The Wild The third programme explores the growing influence of people on the land. After the last ice age, Europe's mild climate and virgin forests attracted human and animal immigrants, including moose, bear, deer and wild boar. The agreeable climate also attracted immigrant farmers from Mesopotamia to the eastern Mediterranean, and reliable food supplies encouraged permanent settlement. By 3000 BC, civilization had spread to western megalithic sites such as Stonehenge and Carnac. Bronze Age Europeans discovered the smelting process, leading to a period of conflict and conquest over valuable metal ores. The Roman Empire was born, and a massive road-building enterprise ensued, enabling a flow of trade, livestock, ideas and culture. Part 4: A New Millenium Europe is home to more than 700 million people, most of them city dwellers. Much of its wildlife has suffered as a result, but efforts are underway to protect and reintroduce some species.

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This Folk and Fairy Tale Readers: The Ugly Duckling printable & template also includes: Engage young readers to explore classic fairy tales with their very own copy of "The Ugly Duckling." With clear illustrations and an easy-to-follow repetitive structure, this printable book is perfect for developing the reading skills of young learners. - Read the story aloud to the whole class before allowing students to practice reading on their own, either independently or in pairs - Send the book home, inviting parents and children to practice reading together - Preparing a class set of mini-books will take significant time, consider soliciting the help of a classroom aide or student assistant to speed up the process - Includes additional versions of the template that allow children to write the text or create illustrations for the story - A separate document is included that provides instructions for assembling the mini-book

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Common Belief System - An MTSS model for behavior and academics with a strong problem-solving process will result in effective prevention and intervention. - Student engagement and learning are best achieved when instruction is targeted at a student’s level - Data-based decision making using a systematic problem-solving process should occur at all levels of operation: District, school, grade, classroom, and individual student level. - Both summative and formative assessments provide important data to identify academic behavior at-risk and inform effective intervention. - Attendance and behavior data are important for recognizing emerging internalizing and externalizing behavior problems. - Students are served in their Least Restrictive Environment and are only pulled out of the general education setting for intense, targeted, individualized or small group instruction. - Retention is not an intervention, but it is one of the most powerful predictors that a student will drop out of high school. - A professional learning environment needs to be established for educators to effectively use data to guide important instructional & system decisions that impact all students. - Other instructionally relevant assessments include: - Universal screening tools in academics and behavior - Progress monitoring measures - Diagnostic with informal or formal assessment tools Accommodations, Modifications, and Interventions

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This GCSE English Literature quiz looks at setting in Jane Austen's Pride and Prejudice. Setting in a literary text means the location and the time in which the events take place. But its meaning extends beyond these basics. It can be very easy to forget that texts usually have several settings, since events can occur in different places and times. Buildings and spaces provide separate settings within the wider setting, and these specific settings often provide a contrast to one another. Background events, even if only mentioned by characters, are a crucial element in a text’s setting, as are political and social issues. The wider fictional world is termed context (it’s important, however, not to confuse this fictional context, which remains part of the setting, with the author’s real-life context). Atmosphere, another key element of setting, will often change multiple times in a text. While many aspects of the setting are mentioned, including landscape features such as lakes, woods, parks and places perfect for garden walks, these are not described in any detail at all. What effect do such settings have as you read the text? Are you able to envisage Netherfield, Rosings, or the Bennets’ home? Does this matter? Why or why not? Pride and Prejudice seems at first to inhabit a very narrow world, one in which women wait around to become wives. Certainly most of the female characters appear indoors. Elizabeth is an exception to this tendency, as is Lady Catherine de Bourgh. Even Mrs Gardiner, who does travel, is described as not being a great walker. Quite a bit of movement does occur in the novel, despite this justified impression. Characters travel to Brighton, to Meryton, to London, to Kent and to Derbyshire. Letters come and go and people are often meeting unexpectedly in places far from the Bennets’ home. Time passes surreptitiously. Remember that a text’s setting also includes geographical elements such as region, country, environment, landscapes and buildings. Paying close attention to the interaction of characters with their environment; can you describe how such interactions affect the text? Answer the questions below on setting in Pride and Prejudice.

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What are cataracts? A cataract is an opacity (or cloudiness) in the lens of the eye. This cloudiness develops inside the lens and restricts light passing through the eye and reaching the retina. When this occurs, vision is affected. An opacity can be quite minor or it can become so marked that it prevents adequate vision. How is cataract treated? Only cataracts causing symptoms need treatment. Modern cataract or lens replacement surgery is effective in restoring vision to most patients. This involves removing the cloudy lens from inside the eye through a small incision, and replacing it with a new artificial lens, also called IOL IT IS A STITCHLESS, CATARACT SURGERY: the safest for the patient.

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The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) is a professional organization that sets standards for a wide range of technologies and engineering disciplines, including cryptography and encryption. As the world continues to become more connected and the need for secure communication grows, the IEEE has taken on a critical role in developing standards for cryptography and encryption. Cryptography is the science of encoding and decoding messages in order to protect their contents from unauthorized access. Encryption is the process of transforming plaintext into ciphertext, which is unreadable to anyone who doesn’t have the decryption key. In order for encryption and decryption to work properly, the keys used must be kept safe and secure. The IEEE’s Cryptography and Encryption Standards Committee (CESC) was established in 1988 to create and maintain standards for cryptography and encryption. Since then, the committee has released a number of standards related to cryptography, including the IEEE Standard for Cryptographic Key Management (IEEE Std 1619.1-2007) and the IEEE Standard for Password-Based Cryptography (IEEE Std 1619.2-2007). These standards provide a framework for the secure management of cryptographic keys and passwords, and they set guidelines for the development and implementation of encryption algorithms. They also help ensure that cryptographic keys and passwords are properly managed, stored, and protected. The IEEE has also released a number of other standards related to cryptography, including the IEEE Standard for Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service (RADIUS) (IEEE Std 1619.3-2007). This standard provides a framework for authenticating users over a network and ensures that passwords are properly stored and protected. The IEEE is also involved in developing new standards related to cryptography and encryption. In particular, the IEEE is working on a standard for quantum-safe cryptography, which is designed to protect data even in the face of quantum computing. This standard is expected to be released in the near future. The IEEE’s work in advancing cryptography and encryption standards is essential for protecting data and ensuring secure communication. By creating and maintaining standards for cryptography and encryption, the IEEE is helping to ensure that data remains secure and private. In addition, the IEEE’s work in developing new standards for quantum-safe cryptography is helping to ensure that data remains secure even in the face of the increasing power of quantum computing.

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The United States has 120 species of snakes. Only 20 are poisonous. Almost every state has at least one species of poisonous snake. The only states that don’t are Maine, Hawaii, and Alaska. In some areas, snakes may invade playgrounds after heavy rains. Flooding of snake burrows makes snakes look for drier ground. All snakes can bite, but snakes generally try to avoid people when they can. Although a snake bite from a poisonous snake is a serious injury, deaths from poisonous snakes are unusual. Some poisonous snakes are rattlesnakes, copperheads, coral snakes, and cottonmouth water moccasins. What to Look For: - Two small puncture wounds about one-half inch apart (sometimes there may be only one fang mark) - Severe burning pain at the bite site - Rapid swelling - Discoloration (turns blue or red) or blood-filled blisters (may develop within 6 to 10 hours) - In severe cases, nausea, vomiting, sweating, trouble breathing, and weakness First Aid Care for Snake Bites: - Get child and others away from the snake. - Keep the child quiet and the body part still to slow the spread of venom. The bitten arm or leg should be kept at or lower than the child’s heart. This will help keep the venom from spreading in the body. - Call EMS and the Poison Help hotline (1-800-222-1222).

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A humongous chunk of ice, almost 75 times bigger than Manhattan, has calved off Antarctica's Ronne ice shelf, according to the European Space Agency and British Antarctic Survey. Images taken by the Copernicus Sentinel-1 mission, which is comprised of two satellites in polar orbits, shows the slender berg's detachment from the shelf on May 16. It's total area exceeds the previous record holder, A-23A, by around 440 square kilometers. The US National Ice Center (USNIC) confirmed the iceberg had begun to break off on May 13. Both icebergs are now adrift in the Weddell Sea. The naming of the iceberg, A-76, refers to the region it first calved from and denotes it as the 76th iceberg to be tracked by the USNIC. The detachment of the iceberg is a natural process and is not believed to be related to anthropogenic climate change, according to New Scientist. While the iceberg is huge, it's got nothing on B-15, an iceberg almost as big as Jamaica that calved off of the Ross ice shelf in Antarctica 21 years ago. That too, was part of a natural cycle. The Copernicus Sentinel-1 mission launched two satellites, the first in April 2014 and the second in April 2016. The satellites capture images of the Earth's surface and have generated around 40 petabytes of data as of Jan. 1. Using radar, the satellites can image the Earth whether it's day or night — handy for viewing icebergs all year long.

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Health Vocabulary Words with Meanings In order to maintain good health, it is important to be aware of the vocabulary words associated with the topic. By understanding the definitions of these words, individuals can make more informed decisions about their health and create a plan for living a healthy life. The following is a list of health-related vocabulary words. Some Common Health Vocabulary Words - Carpal tunnel syndrome - Cognitive impairment - Diabetes mellitus - Physical activity Atherosclerosis: This condition occurs when the arteries become narrowed or hardened due to the buildup of plaque. Cancer: Cancer is the uncontrolled division of cells in a tissue that results in malignant growth and spread of abnormal cells. Carpal tunnel syndrome: This is caused by the narrowing of the median nerve in the carpal tunnel. It can be caused by repetitive use of a hand or wrist that is bent backward, such as typing. Cholesterol: This is a fat that is needed to make hormones, vitamins, and other substances in the body. Cholesterol-containing plaque can build up in blood vessels and narrow them. Cognitive impairment: People with cognitive impairment are not able to think clearly or make good judgments. It is also known as dementia. Diabetes mellitus: This is a condition in which the body does not produce enough insulin or does not use insulin properly. The cells do not take sugar from the blood, and glucose builds up in the blood. This can cause a number of complications. Diet: The diet helps in managing diabetes. The main dietary changes are to reduce the amount of carbohydrates in the diet, and to increase the amount of fats, proteins and minerals in the diet. In addition, a healthy balanced diet is recommended. Physical activity: This is a regular exercise regimen to prevent complications associated with diabetes. Regular physical activity helps in preventing heart disease, kidney disease and nerve damage (neuropathy). Medications: There are a number of medications available in the market to manage blood sugar levels. Insulin is prescribed when the blood sugar levels are high, and oral medications help in lowering the blood sugar levels.

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Glaciology is the study of snow and ice and their physical properties. Glaciologists analyze the formation, movement, and effects of the different kinds of glaciers and glaciation, for example mountain glaciers, ice caps, ice sheets, and ice shelves. A large part of the research conducted by glaciologists analyzes how glaciers and ice caps move and change in response to climate change and how these changes in turn influence climate and the surrounding environment. Glaciologists conduct experiments and gather data in remote field locations especially on glaciers, on which they install and maintain electronic instrumentation and ablation stakes for mass balance measurements (difference between accumulation and ablation rates). They also collect samples of ice and snow to test for various criteria, including physical properties, as well as chemical composition. Glaciologists use satellite and airborne remote sensing devices to study ice distribution and behaviour. After fieldwork glaciologists write reports on experimental findings and synthesize research.

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Pesach Sheni is translated to "second Passover." It occurs on 14 Iyar of the Hebrew calendar, which is one month after 14 Nisan, the day before Passover. On 14 Nisan, the Passover lamb, known as the Korban Pesach, was traditionally brought to prepare for Passover. A year after leaving Egypt, the Israelites were about to celebrate the Passover again. Some men weren't able to participate because they had come into contact with corpses, which made them ritually impure. Since they were required to participate, they were in a dilemma and talked to Moses and Aaron. This brought about the law of Pesach Sheni. During these times, those that had been on a distant journey or who were ritually impure because they came into contact with a human corpse, could bring the Korban Pesach on Pesach Sheni. Anyone who didn't bring it before Passover could bring it during this second Passover, provided that they didn't intentionally ignore it the month before. As the temple in Jerusalem no longer exists, the Passover sacrifice is no longer done. Some eat matzo during Pesach Sheni to memorialize past Passovers. Some also omit the Jewish prayer Tachanun on the day. Pesach Sheni is important in Chabad and other Hasidic groups. The day has the theme of "second chances" with these observants. Teachers called rebbes conduct a tish with wine, bitter herbs, and matzah. How to Observe Pesach Sheni The most fitting way to celebrate the day is to eat something with matzah and bitter herbs. If you are a Hasidic Jew you may celebrate the day with a tish, consisting of wine, bitter herbs, and matzah.

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The Angry Monster Workbook - Help children understand their anger and develop better ways of expressing themselves Children learn through an engaging narrative format, plus activities Includes dozens of fun activities to help children learn how to handle problems as they interact with others The Angry Monster Workbook by Hennie Shore and Illustrated by Renee Williams. Tells the story of how Arnold learned to tame the angry monster that used to make him lose his temper, say rude things to other people, and get into fights. This workbook is designed to help children both understand their anger and develop alternative ways of expressing themselves. The emphasis is on helping children recognize signs of anger and develop better ways to cope with it. Contains dozens of activities to help children express themselves and learn ways to handle problems as they interact with others. Word searches, puzzles, drawings, mazes, and story-starter abound! 64-pages, spiral-bound. Recommended for ages 5-12.

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As astronomical phenomena go, supernovae are among the most fascinating and spectacular. This process occurs when certain types of stars reach the end of their lifespan, where they explode and throw off their outer layers. Thanks to generations of study, astronomers have been able to classify most observed supernovae into one of two categories (Type I and Type II) and determine which kinds of stars are the progenitors for each. However, to date, astronomers have been unable to determine which type of star eventually leads to a Type Ic supernova – a special of class where a star undergoes core collapse after being stripped of its hydrogen and helium. But thanks to the efforts of two teams of astronomers that pored over archival data from the Hubble Space Telescope, scientists have now found the long sought-after star that causes this type of supernova.

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Reading and Dictionary Use You’ll need a good dictionary in order to: - Flesh out your 92 word flashcard definitions - Create new word flashcards - Create new word-part flashcards (a good dictionary contains entries for roots, suffixes, and prefixes) You’ll also need to use a good dictionary in conjunction with the last and least painful method for building vocabulary: Everyone has interests. Somewhere, either online or in print form, you can find well-written prose on your topic of interest. Some suggested sources for good prose include the New York Times, the Washington Post, Harper’s, the Atlantic Monthly, the Nation, the Economist, and the Wall Street Journal. Make sure you read a little bit every day, whether for schoolwork, for pleasure, or just for SAT preparation. Get in the habit of noting all unfamiliar words. Try to work out their meaning through context clues, word parts, or your knowledge of foreign languages. But don’t stop there: at the end of every day (if you have an iron will) or every week (if you’re like the rest of us), look these words up in the dictionary and make new flashcards for them. Take every opportunity to lock down the meanings of unfamiliar words. This can and should be the beginning of a lifelong practice that will enrich your life. What makes for a good dictionary? Here’s a good rule of thumb: if the dictionary is big enough to act as a doorstop, you’re probably okay. Two suggestions: the American Heritage College Dictionary and Merriam-Webster’s Collegiate Dictionary. For those who want the near-ultimate, purchase the New Shorter Oxford English Dictionary as a book or on CD-ROM. The ultimate is the multivolume (or multidisc) Oxford English Dictionary, which costs hundreds of dollars and is definitely overkill for SAT preparation. The OED is catnip to philologists—can you figure out the meaning of this word from the lists above? The more words a dictionary has, and the more it has to say about each word, the better it is.

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The State of the World’s Children 2011: Adolescence – An age of opportunity Of 1.2 billion adolescents worldwide, more than a billion – 9 out of 10 – live in developing countries. Millions lack basic health care, quality education, adequate protection and opportunities for meaningful participation to shape their own lives. Without this support and these opportunities, adolescents will be less equipped to deal with the great challenges of our time, including climate change, high youth unemployment and humanitarian crises. Concerted investments in early and middle childhood have resulted in progress towards development goals in child survival, primary schooling, gender parity in education, and access to safe water, routine immunization and critical medicines. But as children enter their second decade of life, these advances are being put at risk. Investing in adolescents will consolidate these gains, as well as provide adolescents with the skills, capacities and knowledge that will enable them to succeed in life as global citizens. The State of the World’s Children 2011 is UNICEF's flagship report, it features: -Perspectives of young people and adults on issues including the environment, poverty, violence, migration, indigenous people, gender, HIV and AIDS, the media and more -Policy recommendations in the following areas: improved data collection and analysis, creating a supportive environment for adolescent rights, fostering spaces for youth participation, investing in education and tackling poverty and inequity -Statistical tables on basic indicators – nutrition, health, HIV/AIDS, education, demographic and economic indicators, gender and child protection – as well as new tables on adolescents and equity, with the latest available data for 196 countries and territories

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What causes hepatitis A and how is it spread? Hepatitis A is caused by infection with the hepatitis A virus. You get the virus when you unknowingly eat a small amount of infected feces. This can happen through person-to-person contact, or through eating or drinking contaminated food or water. A person can have and spread hepatitis A, even if that person does not have any symptoms. In fact, hepatitis A is most contagious before symptoms appear. You are most likely to get hepatitis A from another person when: - A person who has the virus does not wash his or her hands properly after going to the bathroom. - A parent does not wash his or her hands properly after changing the diaper of an infected child - A caregiver does not wash his or her hands properly after cleaning up the stool of an infected person - You have sex with a person who has the virus. You can also get infected by eating contaminated food or drinking contaminated water. Contaminated food and water are more common in developing countries. When traveling in areas where hepatitis A is common, avoid eating raw fruits and vegetables, shellfish, ice, and untreated water. What are the risk factors for hepatitis A? You are at higher risk for hepatitis A if you: - Live with or have sex with someone who has hepatitis A - Travel to countries where hepatitis A is common - Are a man who has sex with other men - Use illegal drugs - Have a clotting-factor disorder, such as hemophilia Written by familydoctor.org editorial staff

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