id
int64
0
9
prompt
stringlengths
50
176
A
stringlengths
2
140
B
stringlengths
2
153
C
stringlengths
2
172
D
stringlengths
2
192
E
stringlengths
2
170
answer
stringclasses
5 values
9
What is the subject of debate regarding the scope and reach of biological patents?
The impact of biological patents on innovation
The applicability of patents to genetically modified organisms
The validity of patents in different jurisdictions
The exclusivity of patents on biological technology
The protection of natural substances under patents
C
2
Why are eggshell planets considered unlikely to have plate tectonics?
They have thick lithosphere
They lack tectonic activity
They have minimal topography
They have ultra-thin outer brittle layer
They have minimal geological processes
B
6
What type of proteins are commonly produced using recombinant DNA technology in research laboratories?
Enzymes
Antibodies
Receptors
Transcription factors
Transport proteins
A
8
Where was Lean Six Sigma developed as a specific process of Six Sigma?
Motorola company in Japan
Toyota Production System in the 1950s
Allied Signal in the United States
General Electric in the 2000s
Motorola company in the United States
E
1
Which human protein is commonly produced using recombinant DNA technology?
Human growth hormone
Human insulin
Human erythropoietin
Human interleukin-2
Human factor VIII
B
8
What is the subject of debate regarding the applicability of patents to substances and processes natural in origin?
The scope and reach of patents on natural substances
The impact of patents on innovation in natural processes
The legality of patents on naturally occurring substances
The validity of patents on substances and processes natural in origin
The exclusivity of patents on naturally occurring substances
D
8
How does concurrent design and manufacturing contribute to a sustainable environment for product development?
By reducing the time required to bring a new product to market
By increasing communication and coordination between disciplines
By lowering the cost of product development
By focusing only on manufacturing engineering
By eliminating the need for an integrated product team approach
C
8
What is the term used to describe space debris in a Molniya orbit?
Exospheric litter
Satellite shrapnel
Polar debris
Northern hemisphere junk
Kosmos Ono debris
E
6
What is the purpose of integrating technology-related decisions with the company's strategies?
To guide the acquisition, allocation, and management of IT resources
To create value for the organization through the efficient spending on technology
To focus on the people who directly manage the technologies within an organization
To ensure the full integration of technology-related decisions with the company's strategies
To explain how technology should be utilized as part of an organization's overall corporate strategy
D
9
Which type of development is more common in amphibians?
Direct development
Complete metamorphosis
Partial metamorphosis
Gradual metamorphosis
Incomplete metamorphosis
B
2
Where did the research on bioresilience around Mount Everest take place?
Everest Base Camp
Makalu-Barun National Park
Qomolangma National Nature Preserve
Future Generations University
The Biomeridian Project
B
5
Which factor does NOT determine the thickness of the lithosphere?
Planet's size
Interior temperature
Composition
Presence of plate tectonics
All of the above
D
2
What are some examples of non-covalent interactions studied in supramolecular chemistry?
Ionic bonding and covalent bonding
Hydrogen bonding and metal coordination
Metal coordination and pi-pi interactions
Pi-pi interactions and electrostatic effects
Electrostatic effects and hydrophobic forces
D
4
What is the role of an organization's Chief Technology Officer (CTO) in the technology strategy?
To ensure the full integration of technology-related decisions with the company's strategies
To guide the acquisition, allocation, and management of IT resources
To create value for the organization through the efficient spending on technology
To formulate and lead the Information Technology Strategy
To focus on the people who directly manage the technologies within an organization
D
4
What did the Australian ruling on the Myriad Genetics patent affirm?
The validity of patents on naturally occurring DNA sequences
The invalidity of patents on naturally occurring DNA sequences
The exclusivity of patents on naturally occurring DNA sequences
The applicability of patents to naturally occurring DNA sequences
The impact of patents on genetic material
A
7
What biological systems often serve as inspiration for supramolecular research?
Plants
Animals
Microorganisms
All of the above
None of the above
D
7
What is the estimated number of debris larger than 10 cm in orbit around the Earth?
1,000
1 million
10 million
34,000
100 million
D
4
What is the function of ATF4 during the integrated stress response?
To phosphorylate eIF2α
To downregulate gene expression
To upregulate gene expression
To promote apoptosis
To promote cell division
C
6
What are the potential consequences of events involving hazardous materials?
Toxic effects, fire or explosion, serious injuries, property damage, lost production, and environmental impact.
Major accidents, toxic gas clouds, and environmental pollution.
Workplace injuries, property damage, and lost production.
Fires, explosions, and accidental chemical releases.
Hazardous materials releases and energy escalation.
A
4
Who introduced the term "eggshell planet" in scientific discussions?
Paul Byrne
An associate professor
Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences
Washington University
None of the above
E
5
How many artificial objects are currently in orbit above the Earth?
100,000
1 million
10 million
100 million
25,857
E
6
What is the negative effect of blue light exposure at night on sleep?
Improved sleep quality
Delayed sleep phase disorder
Enhanced cognitive function
Reduced sleep duration
Impaired sleep quality
E
0
What are the different names used to refer to space debris?
Celestial fragments
Cosmic waste
Astronomical pollution
Galactic garbage
Astro junk
B
1
What are the forces responsible for spatial organization of supramolecular systems?
Ionic bonding
Covalent bonding
Hydrogen bonding
Metal coordination
Pi-pi interactions
C
7
What is a screw conveyor commonly used for in industrial control applications?
To pump irrigation water
To move liquid materials
To deliver a measured rate or quantity of material into a process
To rotate helical screw blades
To elevate and convey materials
C
1
What is an example of an animal that undergoes direct development?
A frog that hatches as a small tadpole
A frog that hatches as a large tadpole
A frog that hatches as a small frog
A frog that hatches as a large frog
A frog that hatches as a small fish
C
9
What does process safety aim to prevent, control, mitigate, and recover from?
Unintentional hazardous materials releases that can have a serious effect to people, plant, and the environment.
Major accidents, toxic gas clouds, and environmental pollution.
Fires, explosions, and accidental chemical releases.
Workplace injuries, property damage, and lost production.
Events that have the potential to escalate to major accidents.
A
7
What factors does the NABERS Energy for offices tool consider?
Space usage, energy consumption, climate influences
Water and waste efficiency, indoor environment quality
Greenhouse gas emissions, electricity and gas bills
Building services, property and energy management industries
Training, exams, and supervised assessments
A
0
What is the function of a biotransducer in a biosensor system?
To convert an electronic signal to a biochemical signal
To convert a biochemical signal to an electronic or optical signal
To amplify the biochemical signal
To regulate the physicochemical transducer
To store the biochemical signal
B
0
What is the main difference between chemistry and physics?
Chemistry focuses on matter composed of electrons and nuclei, while physics studies matter at a large scale
Physics is concerned with nature from a small scale to a large scale, while chemistry focuses on the fundamental principles of physical phenomena
Chemistry studies matter at a subatomic level, while physics is concerned with the behavior of matter in accordance with basic principles
Chemistry and physics have the same scope and approach, but differ in their professional roles
Physics is involved with the aspects of space and time, while chemistry focuses on the basic forces of nature
C
9
Are lenses that block blue light beneficial for healthy sleepers?
Yes
No
Depends on the individual
Only in certain lighting conditions
Not enough information
B
3
What is the key to the success of concurrent design and manufacturing?
Completing processes one at a time
Involving all disciplines in the product development
Reducing the time required for product development
Focusing only on design engineering
Increasing the cost of production
B
8
Who may benefit from lenses that block blue light?
People with perfect vision
People with bipolar disorder
People without any sleep disorder
People without ADHD
People with macular degeneration
B
3
What concepts are advanced by supramolecular chemistry?
Molecular self-assembly and molecular folding
Molecular recognition and host-guest chemistry
Mechanically-interlocked molecular architectures and dynamic covalent chemistry
All of the above
None of the above
D
5
How many subunits does the eIF2 protein complex consist of?
One
Two
Three
Four
Five
C
2
What are examples of space debris besides derelict spacecraft?
Alien artifacts
Cosmic rays
Supernova remnants
Planetary nebulae
Paint flecks and solidified liquids
E
9
What is the term used to describe the cost incurred by launching or using a spacecraft in near-Earth orbit?
Space pollution fee
Space debris tax
Spacecraft externality cost
Orbit cleanup charge
Space waste surcharge
C
9
Which type of joint axes do serial robots typically have?
Arbitrarily placed joint axes
Orthogonal joint axes
Parallel joint axes
Intersecting joint axes
Concentric joint axes
B
1
How many degrees of freedom does a serial robot usually have?
Three
Four
Five
Six
Seven
D
4
What is a common feature of many flat-panel displays?
Touch screen technology
3D display capability
High refresh rate
Built-in speakers
Back-lit with color filters
A
3
How does process safety differ from occupational safety and health?
Process safety focuses on major accidents involving hazardous materials, while occupational safety focuses on preventing workplace injuries.
Process safety deals with events that can release hazardous materials or energy, while occupational safety deals with dangerous conditions at work sites.
Process safety is an interdisciplinary engineering domain, while occupational safety is a discipline focusing on preventing workplace accidents.
Process safety is concerned with preventing fires, explosions, and accidental chemical releases, while occupational safety focuses on managing the integrity of operating systems and processes.
Process safety applies good design principles, engineering, and operating and maintenance practices, while occupational safety focuses on preventing occupational hazards.
A
2
What is the main intrinsic factor that can trigger the integrated stress response?
Lack of oxygen
Lack of amino acids
Lack of glucose
Accumulation of unfolded proteins
Activation of oncogenes
D
4
Which of the following animals undergo direct development?
Bees
Butterflies
Snakes
Frogs
Fish
D
9
What is the purpose of universal orbital support system?
Orbital maneuvering
Propulsion
Stabilization and attitude control
Maintaining relative positions of satellite components
Suspending an object in space
E
5
What is the association between sunlight exposure and macular degeneration?
No association
Higher risk in outdoor workers
Higher risk in indoor workers
Higher risk in elderly individuals
Higher risk in individuals with ADHD
B
3
Why are recombinant human insulin products preferred over animal-sourced insulin for human therapy?
They have a longer shelf life
They are more cost-effective
They are less likely to induce hypoglycemia unawareness
They are easier to produce in large quantities
They have fewer side effects
C
8
What is the decision version of the vertex cover problem?
The problem of finding a minimum vertex cover
The problem of finding a maximum vertex cover
The problem of finding all vertex covers
The problem of determining if a graph has a vertex cover
The problem of determining if a graph has no vertex cover
D
4
Which COVID-19 vaccine was the first mRNA vaccine approved by a medicines regulator?
Pfizer–BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine
Moderna COVID-19 vaccine
AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine
Johnson & Johnson COVID-19 vaccine
Sinovac COVID-19 vaccine
A
6
What is the estimated number of debris smaller than 1 cm in orbit around the Earth?
1,000
1 million
10 million
100 million
128 million
E
6
What is the impact of anthropogenic changes on biodiversity?
Increases biodiversity around the planet
Does not affect biodiversity around the planet
Decreases biodiversity around the planet
Has no impact on ecosystem services
Has no impact on genetic resources
C
1
What are some extrinsic factors that can trigger the integrated stress response?
Exposure to high levels of oxygen
Exposure to high levels of glucose
Viral infection
Accumulation of unfolded proteins
Activation of oncogenes
C
5
What is the term for insects that undergo direct development?
Ametabolous insects
Metabolous insects
Complete insects
Incomplete insects
Partial insects
A
8
What is the term used to describe the measurement of an antenna's directivity and radiation efficiency?
Power gain
Gain
Antenna pattern
Radiation pattern
Directivity
E
7
What is being considered in the appeal of the Australian ruling on the Myriad Genetics patent?
The impact of the U.S. Supreme Court ruling
The scope of biological patents in Australia
The validity of patents on naturally occurring DNA sequences
The applicability of patents to substances and processes natural in origin
The influence of international patent laws
D
0
What is the main function of the integrated stress response?
To upregulate protein synthesis
To downregulate protein synthesis
To upregulate specific genes
To downregulate specific genes
To promote cell division
B
7
What is the highest resolution that flat-panel displays are capable of in the 2020s?
720p
1080i
1080p
4K
8K
D
2
What does a technology strategy primarily focus on?
The efficiency of the company's spending on technology
The people who directly manage the technologies within an organization
The integration of technology-related decisions with the company's strategies
The overall plan of objectives, principles, and tactics relating to use of technologies
The behaviors of an organization towards technology decisions
D
0
What is the defining characteristic of an eggshell planet?
Thick lithosphere
Rigid outermost shell
Ultra-thin outer brittle layer
Minimal topography
Plate tectonics
C
6
What is the status of the Australian ruling on the Myriad Genetics patent?
It has been overturned by the U.S. Supreme Court
It has been affirmed by the U.S. Supreme Court
It is currently under appeal in the Full Bench of the Federal Court
It is no longer valid in Australia
It has been accepted as international precedent
C
4
Who is responsible for measuring and mitigating space debris?
NASA
European Space Agency
Private space companies
International Space Station
All of the above
E
5
Which types of equipment require coordination in motion controls?
Metal cutting machine tools
Metal forming equipment
Assembly machinery
Packaging machinery
All of the above
E
8
What evidence suggests that synthetic insulin varieties are more likely to induce hypoglycemia unawareness?
Clinical trials with diabetic patients
Animal studies with insulin-treated animals
Laboratory experiments with insulin receptors
Observational studies with insulin users
Genetic analysis of insulin-related genes
D
1
What are some examples of semi-solid materials that can be moved using screw conveyors?
Food waste and wood chips
Aggregates and cereal grains
Animal feed and boiler ash
Meat and bone meal
All of the above
E
4
Which company still manufactures highly purified animal-sourced insulin?
Wockhardt Ltd.
Lilly
Serono
Novo Nordisk
Novolin
A
0
What is the purpose of Cascading Style Sheets (CSS)?
To structure a document using markup languages
To define the style information for elements of a document
To create hyperlinks in a document
To display a single page with fixed horizontal width
To allow unlimited vertical height in a document
B
2
Can the problem of finding a minimum vertex cover be solved by a polynomial-time algorithm if P ≠ NP?
Yes
No
It depends on the graph
It depends on the size of the graph
Unknown
B
5
What is the importance of studying non-covalent interactions in supramolecular chemistry?
To understand biological processes
To develop new materials
To improve drug design
To optimize chemical reactions
All of the above
E
3
Which subunit of the eIF2 protein complex is phosphorylated during the integrated stress response?
eIF2α
eIF2β
eIF2γ
ATF4
Translation initiation factor 2
A
2
What are magnetofection nanoparticles typically made from?
Silicon oxide
Gold
Silver
Iron oxide
Copper
D
4
What is the synthesis method that involves linking viral particles to magnetic particles?
Coprecipitation
Microemulsion
Avidin-biotin interaction
Salt-induced aggregation
Hydrophobic interaction
C
8
What is the relationship between species diversity and bioresilience?
Higher species diversity correlates with lower bioresilience
Higher species diversity correlates with higher bioresilience
Species diversity has no correlation with bioresilience
Lower species diversity correlates with lower bioresilience
Lower species diversity correlates with higher bioresilience
B
3
What is the kinematic structure of a serial manipulator with six revolute joints and three consecutive joints intersecting?
123 kinematic structure
312 kinematic structure
321 kinematic structure
213 kinematic structure
132 kinematic structure
C
4
Which components can also comprise the bio-recognition layer in a biosensor?
Oligonucleotide sequences
Sub-cellular fragments
Receptor carrying fragments
Single whole cells
All of the above
E
3
What technologies are commonly used in flat-panel displays?
CRT and plasma technologies
LCD and DLP technologies
LED and OLED technologies
CRT and OLED technologies
LCD and LED technologies
E
4
When can an extinct taxon be reclassified as extant?
When there are no new discoveries of living species
When there are new discoveries of living species
When previously known extant species are reclassified as extinct
When no members of the group are still alive
Never
B
3
What did the research on bioresilience around Mount Everest find?
Greater biodiversity at higher altitudes
Fewer species at higher altitudes
More species at higher altitudes
The same biodiversity at all altitudes
No change in biodiversity with altitude
B
9
What are some examples of forces studied in supramolecular chemistry?
Electrostatic charge and hydrogen bonding
Covalent bonding and metal coordination
Pi-pi interactions and van der Waals forces
Hydrophobic forces and electrostatic effects
All of the above
E
1
What does a biological patent holder have the right to do?
Exclude others from making, using, and selling the protected invention
Exclude others from importing the protected invention
Exclude others from using genetic material
Exclude others from selling genetically modified organisms
Exclude others from importing biological technology
A
4
What type of joints do serial robots typically have?
Revolute and prismatic
Spherical and cylindrical
Planar and linear
Rotational and translational
Universal and helical
A
2
Can building owners and tenants promote their own NABERS ratings?
Yes, through the online self-assessment tool
Yes, after attending NABERS training
Yes, if they have experience in property management
No, only certified ratings can be promoted
No, only Accredited Assessors can promote ratings
D
8
What type of data is collected by Accredited Assessors for NABERS Energy for offices rating?
Consumption data and building size
Water efficiency and waste efficiency
Climate location and density of occupation
Electricity and gas bills and climate location
Energy consumption and Accredited Assessors
D
8
What are some examples of components that can comprise the bio-recognition layer in a biosensor?
Oligonucleotide sequences
Sub-cellular fragments
Receptor carrying fragments
Single whole cells
Thin slices of animal or plant tissues
E
6
What is a benefit of completing design and manufacturing stages at the same time?
Reduced profit for a business
Increased cost of production
Lowering the time required for product development
Reduced communication and coordination between disciplines
Focusing only on design engineering
C
3
How many extant species of cephalopods were there as of 1987?
600
7,500
600 and 7,500
Unknown
Not mentioned in the text
A
1
Which interface is a globally standardized open digital interface for communication between industrial controls, motion devices, and I/O devices?
Sercos I
Sercos II
Sercos III
IEC 61491
IEC 61800-7
C
3
What is the purpose of the NABERS tools for offices?
To penalize building owners for factors beyond their control
To measure the efficiency of building owners and tenants
To promote the use of renewable energy in offices
To calculate the size and density of office spaces
To consider climate factors in building energy usage
B
2
What can poorly implemented concurrent engineering lead to?
Reduced profit for a business
Increased communication and coordination between disciplines
Lower cost of product development
A competitive advantage over other businesses
Sustainable environment for product development
A
0
What is the branch of chemistry that concerns chemical systems composed of a discrete number of molecules?
Inorganic chemistry
Physical chemistry
Organic chemistry
Analytical chemistry
Supramolecular chemistry
E
5
What is the prefix used to denote recombinant human proteins?
rh
re
hu
rc
rp
A
5
What does gain refer to when no direction is specified?
The measurement of how well an antenna converts input power into radio waves
The measurement of how well an antenna converts radio waves into electrical power
The ratio of the radiation intensity in a given direction to the radiation intensity that would be produced if the power accepted by the antenna were isotropically radiated
The measurement of an antenna's directivity and radiation efficiency
The peak value of the gain in the direction of the antenna's main lobe
E
9
What did Lean Six Sigma combine to increase the velocity of value creation?
Lean Management and Six Sigma
Lean manufacturing and Six Sigma
Kaizen and Six Sigma
Motorola and Toyota
Allied Signal and General Electric
A
8
What is a common type of back-lighting used in flat-panel displays?
Fluorescent lighting
Incandescent lighting
LED lighting
Neon lighting
Halogen lighting
C
5
What was the outcome of the U.S. Supreme Court ruling on the Myriad Genetics patent?
It affirmed the validity of patents on naturally occurring DNA sequences
It invalidated patents on naturally occurring DNA sequences
It limited the scope of patents on naturally occurring DNA sequences
It established a new framework for patents on naturally occurring DNA sequences
It had no impact on patents on naturally occurring DNA sequences
B
8
What year did Hermann Emil Fischer develop the philosophical roots of supramolecular chemistry?
1873
1883
1893
1903
1913
B
8
What is the American Petroleum Institute definition of process safety?
A framework for managing the integrity of hazardous operating systems and processes.
A discipline that focuses on preventing fires, explosions, and accidental chemical releases at process facilities.
An interdisciplinary engineering domain focusing on the study, prevention, and management of large-scale fires and explosions in process plants.
A discipline that deals with the prevention and control of events that can release hazardous materials or energy.
A framework for applying good design principles, engineering, and operating and maintenance practices.
A
9
What is the role of the bio-recognition layer in a biotransducer?
To convert an electronic signal to a biochemical signal
To convert a biochemical signal to an electronic or optical signal
To amplify the biochemical signal
To regulate the physicochemical transducer
To give the biosensor selectivity and specificity
E
1
Who is typically responsible for formulating the Information Technology Strategy?
The Chief Technology Officer (CTO)
The Chief Financial Officer (CFO)
The Chief Operating Officer (COO)
The Chief Marketing Officer (CMO)
The Chief Human Resources Officer (CHRO)
A
0
What is the main advantage of a serial manipulator?
High stiffness inherent to an open kinematic structure
Errors are not accumulated from link to link
Does not have to carry and move the weight of the actuators
Relatively high effective load that it can manipulate
Large workspace with respect to the size of the robot and the floor space it occupies
E
1
Which type of therapy triggers synthesis of proteins within cells?
Antisense RNA (asRNA)
RNA interference (RNAi)
RNA aptamers
Messenger RNA (mRNA)
Small interfering RNA (siRNA)
D
4
What is the term used to describe the approach used in product development where functions of design engineering, manufacturing engineering, and other functions are integrated?
Concurrent design and manufacturing
Product development approach
Integrated product team approach
Sequential engineering
Simultaneous engineering
C