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Which statement is true about the average monthly temperature in Riyadh?

natural science

Scientists record climate data from places around the world. Temperature is one type of climate data. Scientists collect data over many years. They can use this data to calculate the average temperature for each month. The average temperature can be used to describe the climate of a location. A line graph can be used to show the average temperature each month. Months with higher dots on the graph have higher average temperatures.

To describe the average temperature trends in Riyadh, look at the graph. Choice "Jun" is incorrect. Choice "Jul" is incorrect. Choice "Aug" is incorrect. Choice "June, July, and August are colder than the other months of the year." is incorrect. The average temperatures in June, July, and August are around 35°C. These months have the highest average temperatures of all of the months. So, they are hotter, not colder, than the other months. Choice "Each month of the year has about the same monthly temperature." is incorrect. Some months of the year have much higher temperatures than others. So, each month does not have the same temperature. Choice "June, July, and August are hotter than the other months of the year." is incorrect. The average temperatures in June, July, and August are around 35°C. These months have the highest average temperatures of all of the months. So, they are hotter than the other months.

Scientists record climate data from places around the world. Temperature is one type of climate data. Scientists collect data over many years. They can use this data to calculate the average temperature for each month. The average temperature can be used to describe the climate of a location. A line graph can be used to show the average temperature each month. Months with higher dots on the graph have higher average temperatures. To describe the average temperature trends in Riyadh, look at the graph. Choice "Jun" is incorrect. Choice "Jul" is incorrect. Choice "Aug" is incorrect. Choice "June, July, and August are colder than the other months of the year." is incorrect. The average temperatures in June, July, and August are around 35°C. These months have the highest average temperatures of all of the months. So, they are hotter, not colder, than the other months. Choice "Each month of the year has about the same monthly temperature." is incorrect. Some months of the year have much higher temperatures than others. So, each month does not have the same temperature. Choice "June, July, and August are hotter than the other months of the year." is incorrect. The average temperatures in June, July, and August are around 35°C. These months have the highest average temperatures of all of the months. So, they are hotter than the other months.

June, July, and August are hotter than the other months of the year.

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Select the amphibian below.

natural science

Birds, mammals, fish, reptiles, and amphibians are groups of animals. The animals in each group have traits in common. Scientists sort animals into groups based on traits they have in common. This process is called classification.

A cardinalfish is a fish. It lives underwater. It has fins, not limbs. Cardinalfish often live near coral reefs. They are nocturnal, which means that they are active mostly at night. A cane toad is an amphibian. It has moist skin and begins its life in water. Toads do not have teeth! They swallow their food whole.

Birds, mammals, fish, reptiles, and amphibians are groups of animals. The animals in each group have traits in common. Scientists sort animals into groups based on traits they have in common. This process is called classification. A cardinalfish is a fish. It lives underwater. It has fins, not limbs. Cardinalfish often live near coral reefs. They are nocturnal, which means that they are active mostly at night. A cane toad is an amphibian. It has moist skin and begins its life in water. Toads do not have teeth! They swallow their food whole.

cane toad

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What is the expected ratio of offspring with a gray body to offspring with a black body? Choose the most likely ratio.

natural science

Offspring phenotypes: dominant or recessive? How do you determine an organism's phenotype for a trait? Look at the combination of alleles in the organism's genotype for the gene that affects that trait. Some alleles have types called dominant and recessive. These two types can cause different versions of the trait to appear as the organism's phenotype. If an organism's genotype has at least one dominant allele for a gene, the organism's phenotype will be the dominant allele's version of the gene's trait. If an organism's genotype has only recessive alleles for a gene, the organism's phenotype will be the recessive allele's version of the gene's trait. A Punnett square shows what types of offspring a cross can produce. The expected ratio of offspring types compares how often the cross produces each type of offspring, on average. To write this ratio, count the number of boxes in the Punnett square representing each type. For example, consider the Punnett square below. | F | f F | FF | Ff f | Ff | ff There is 1 box with the genotype FF and 2 boxes with the genotype Ff. So, the expected ratio of offspring with the genotype FF to those with Ff is 1:2.

To determine how many boxes in the Punnett square represent offspring with a gray body or a black body, consider whether each phenotype is the dominant or recessive allele's version of the body color trait. The question tells you that the B allele, which is for a gray body, is dominant over the b allele, which is for a black body. A gray body is the dominant allele's version of the body color trait. A fruit fly with the dominant version of the body color trait must have at least one dominant allele for the body color gene. So, offspring with a gray body must have the genotype BB or Bb. All 4 boxes in the Punnett square have the genotype BB or Bb. A black body is the recessive allele's version of the body color trait. A fruit fly with the recessive version of the body color trait must have only recessive alleles for the body color gene. So, offspring with a black body must have the genotype bb. There are 0 boxes in the Punnett square with the genotype bb. So, the expected ratio of offspring with a gray body to offspring with a black body is 4:0. This means that, based on the Punnett square, this cross will always produce offspring with a gray body. This cross is expected to never produce offspring with a black body.

Offspring phenotypes: dominant or recessive? How do you determine an organism's phenotype for a trait? Look at the combination of alleles in the organism's genotype for the gene that affects that trait. Some alleles have types called dominant and recessive. These two types can cause different versions of the trait to appear as the organism's phenotype. If an organism's genotype has at least one dominant allele for a gene, the organism's phenotype will be the dominant allele's version of the gene's trait. If an organism's genotype has only recessive alleles for a gene, the organism's phenotype will be the recessive allele's version of the gene's trait. A Punnett square shows what types of offspring a cross can produce. The expected ratio of offspring types compares how often the cross produces each type of offspring, on average. To write this ratio, count the number of boxes in the Punnett square representing each type. For example, consider the Punnett square below. | F | f F | FF | Ff f | Ff | ff There is 1 box with the genotype FF and 2 boxes with the genotype Ff. So, the expected ratio of offspring with the genotype FF to those with Ff is 1:2. To determine how many boxes in the Punnett square represent offspring with a gray body or a black body, consider whether each phenotype is the dominant or recessive allele's version of the body color trait. The question tells you that the B allele, which is for a gray body, is dominant over the b allele, which is for a black body. A gray body is the dominant allele's version of the body color trait. A fruit fly with the dominant version of the body color trait must have at least one dominant allele for the body color gene. So, offspring with a gray body must have the genotype BB or Bb. All 4 boxes in the Punnett square have the genotype BB or Bb. A black body is the recessive allele's version of the body color trait. A fruit fly with the recessive version of the body color trait must have only recessive alleles for the body color gene. So, offspring with a black body must have the genotype bb. There are 0 boxes in the Punnett square with the genotype bb. So, the expected ratio of offspring with a gray body to offspring with a black body is 4:0. This means that, based on the Punnett square, this cross will always produce offspring with a gray body. This cross is expected to never produce offspring with a black body.

4:0

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Complete the statement. Potassium chloride is ().

natural science

There are more than 100 different chemical elements, or types of atoms. Chemical elements make up all of the substances around you. A substance may be composed of one chemical element or multiple chemical elements. Substances that are composed of only one chemical element are elementary substances. Substances that are composed of multiple chemical elements bonded together are compounds. Every chemical element is represented by its own atomic symbol. An atomic symbol may consist of one capital letter, or it may consist of a capital letter followed by a lowercase letter. For example, the atomic symbol for the chemical element fluorine is F, and the atomic symbol for the chemical element beryllium is Be. Scientists use different types of models to represent substances whose atoms are bonded in different ways. One type of model is a space-filling model. The space-filling model below represents the compound rubidium bromide. In a space-filling model, the balls represent atoms that are bonded together. Notice that the balls in the model above are not all the same color. Each color represents a different chemical element. The legend shows the color and the atomic symbol for each chemical element in the substance.

Use the model to determine whether potassium chloride is an elementary substance or a compound. Step 1: Interpret the model. . Use the legend to determine the chemical element represented by each color. The colors and atomic symbols from the legend are shown in the table below. The table also includes the names of the chemical elements represented in the model. You can see from the model that potassium chloride is composed of chlorine atoms and potassium atoms bonded together. Step 2: Determine whether the substance is an elementary substance or a compound. You know from Step 1 that potassium chloride is composed of two chemical elements: chlorine and potassium. Since potassium chloride is composed of multiple chemical elements bonded together, potassium chloride is a compound.

There are more than 100 different chemical elements, or types of atoms. Chemical elements make up all of the substances around you. A substance may be composed of one chemical element or multiple chemical elements. Substances that are composed of only one chemical element are elementary substances. Substances that are composed of multiple chemical elements bonded together are compounds. Every chemical element is represented by its own atomic symbol. An atomic symbol may consist of one capital letter, or it may consist of a capital letter followed by a lowercase letter. For example, the atomic symbol for the chemical element fluorine is F, and the atomic symbol for the chemical element beryllium is Be. Scientists use different types of models to represent substances whose atoms are bonded in different ways. One type of model is a space-filling model. The space-filling model below represents the compound rubidium bromide. In a space-filling model, the balls represent atoms that are bonded together. Notice that the balls in the model above are not all the same color. Each color represents a different chemical element. The legend shows the color and the atomic symbol for each chemical element in the substance. Use the model to determine whether potassium chloride is an elementary substance or a compound. Step 1: Interpret the model. . Use the legend to determine the chemical element represented by each color. The colors and atomic symbols from the legend are shown in the table below. The table also includes the names of the chemical elements represented in the model. You can see from the model that potassium chloride is composed of chlorine atoms and potassium atoms bonded together. Step 2: Determine whether the substance is an elementary substance or a compound. You know from Step 1 that potassium chloride is composed of two chemical elements: chlorine and potassium. Since potassium chloride is composed of multiple chemical elements bonded together, potassium chloride is a compound.

a compound

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Which i in column 3?

social science

A grid is made up of lines of squares. They are organized in rows and columns. A grid can help you use a map. A row is a line of squares that goes from side to side. Rows are marked with letters. A column is a line of squares that goes up and down. Columns are marked with numbers.

The theater is in column 3.

A grid is made up of lines of squares. They are organized in rows and columns. A grid can help you use a map. A row is a line of squares that goes from side to side. Rows are marked with letters. A column is a line of squares that goes up and down. Columns are marked with numbers. The theater is in column 3.

the theater

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In Cincinnati, which months have average temperatures above 70°F?

natural science

Scientists record climate data from places around the world. Temperature is one type of climate data. Scientists collect data over many years. They can use this data to calculate the average temperature for each month. The average temperature can be used to describe the climate of a location. A line graph can be used to show the average temperature each month. Months with higher dots on the graph have higher average temperatures.

To describe the average temperature trends in Cincinnati, look at the graph. Choice "Mar" is incorrect. Choice "Apr" is incorrect. Choice "May" is incorrect. Choice "Jun" is incorrect. Choice "Jul" is incorrect. Choice "Aug" is incorrect. Choice "Sep" is incorrect. Choice "Oct" is incorrect. Choice "Nov" is incorrect. The only months with an average temperature above 70°F are June, July, and August.

Scientists record climate data from places around the world. Temperature is one type of climate data. Scientists collect data over many years. They can use this data to calculate the average temperature for each month. The average temperature can be used to describe the climate of a location. A line graph can be used to show the average temperature each month. Months with higher dots on the graph have higher average temperatures. To describe the average temperature trends in Cincinnati, look at the graph. Choice "Mar" is incorrect. Choice "Apr" is incorrect. Choice "May" is incorrect. Choice "Jun" is incorrect. Choice "Jul" is incorrect. Choice "Aug" is incorrect. Choice "Sep" is incorrect. Choice "Oct" is incorrect. Choice "Nov" is incorrect. The only months with an average temperature above 70°F are June, July, and August.

June, July, and August

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In this food chain, the deer mouse is a secondary consumer. Why?

natural science

Every organism needs food to stay alive. Organisms get their food in different ways. A food chain shows how organisms in an ecosystem get their food. The food chain begins with the producer. A producer can change matter that is not food into food. Many producers use carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight to make sugar. Carbon dioxide and water are not food, but sugar is food for the producer. Consumers eat other organisms. There can be several kinds of consumers in a food chain: A primary consumer eats producers. The word primary tells you that this is the first consumer in a food chain. A secondary consumer eats primary consumers. The word secondary tells you that this is the second consumer in a food chain. A tertiary consumer eats secondary consumers. The word tertiary tells you that this is the third consumer in a food chain. A top consumer is the animal at the top of a food chain. Food chains can have different numbers of organisms. For example, when there are four organisms in the chain, the top consumer is the tertiary consumer. But if there are five organisms in the chain, the top consumer eats the tertiary consumer!

In this food chain, the deer mouse is a secondary consumer because it eats a primary consumer. The primary consumer in this food chain is the katydid.

Every organism needs food to stay alive. Organisms get their food in different ways. A food chain shows how organisms in an ecosystem get their food. The food chain begins with the producer. A producer can change matter that is not food into food. Many producers use carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight to make sugar. Carbon dioxide and water are not food, but sugar is food for the producer. Consumers eat other organisms. There can be several kinds of consumers in a food chain: A primary consumer eats producers. The word primary tells you that this is the first consumer in a food chain. A secondary consumer eats primary consumers. The word secondary tells you that this is the second consumer in a food chain. A tertiary consumer eats secondary consumers. The word tertiary tells you that this is the third consumer in a food chain. A top consumer is the animal at the top of a food chain. Food chains can have different numbers of organisms. For example, when there are four organisms in the chain, the top consumer is the tertiary consumer. But if there are five organisms in the chain, the top consumer eats the tertiary consumer! In this food chain, the deer mouse is a secondary consumer because it eats a primary consumer. The primary consumer in this food chain is the katydid.

It eats a primary consumer.

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Which animal's limbs are also adapted for swimming?

natural science

An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors. Arms, legs, flippers, and wings are different types of limbs. The type of limbs an animal has is an example of an adaptation. Animals' limbs can be adapted in different ways. For example, long legs might help an animal run fast. Flippers might help an animal swim. Wings might help an animal fly.

Look at the picture of the bottlenose dolphin. The bottlenose dolphin uses its flippers to push itself through water. The flippers can also help it change direction while swimming. Now look at each animal. Figure out which animal has a similar adaptation. The humpback whale has flippers. Its limbs are adapted for swimming. The chital has long, thin legs. Its limbs are not adapted for swimming. The chital uses its limbs to walk and run on land.

An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors. Arms, legs, flippers, and wings are different types of limbs. The type of limbs an animal has is an example of an adaptation. Animals' limbs can be adapted in different ways. For example, long legs might help an animal run fast. Flippers might help an animal swim. Wings might help an animal fly. Look at the picture of the bottlenose dolphin. The bottlenose dolphin uses its flippers to push itself through water. The flippers can also help it change direction while swimming. Now look at each animal. Figure out which animal has a similar adaptation. The humpback whale has flippers. Its limbs are adapted for swimming. The chital has long, thin legs. Its limbs are not adapted for swimming. The chital uses its limbs to walk and run on land.

humpback whale

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Which of these states is farthest west?

social science

Maps have four cardinal directions, or main directions. Those directions are north, south, east, and west. A compass rose is a set of arrows that point to the cardinal directions. A compass rose usually shows only the first letter of each cardinal direction. The north arrow points to the North Pole. On most maps, north is at the top of the map.

To find the answer, look at the compass rose. Look at which way the west arrow is pointing. California is farthest west.

Maps have four cardinal directions, or main directions. Those directions are north, south, east, and west. A compass rose is a set of arrows that point to the cardinal directions. A compass rose usually shows only the first letter of each cardinal direction. The north arrow points to the North Pole. On most maps, north is at the top of the map. To find the answer, look at the compass rose. Look at which way the west arrow is pointing. California is farthest west.

California

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Which property do these three objects have in common?

natural science

An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Properties can also tell you how an object will behave when something happens to it. Different objects can have properties in common. You can use these properties to put objects into groups. Grouping objects by their properties is called classification.

Look at each object. For each object, decide if it has that property. A flexible object can be folded or bent without breaking easily. The fries are flexible, but the cracker is not. Potato chips have a salty taste. All three objects are salty. Yellow is a color. This color is yellow. The fries are yellow, but the pretzel is not. The property that all three objects have in common is salty.

An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Properties can also tell you how an object will behave when something happens to it. Different objects can have properties in common. You can use these properties to put objects into groups. Grouping objects by their properties is called classification. Look at each object. For each object, decide if it has that property. A flexible object can be folded or bent without breaking easily. The fries are flexible, but the cracker is not. Potato chips have a salty taste. All three objects are salty. Yellow is a color. This color is yellow. The fries are yellow, but the pretzel is not. The property that all three objects have in common is salty.

salty

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What is the expected ratio of offspring with climbing growth to offspring with bush growth? Choose the most likely ratio.

natural science

Offspring phenotypes: dominant or recessive? How do you determine an organism's phenotype for a trait? Look at the combination of alleles in the organism's genotype for the gene that affects that trait. Some alleles have types called dominant and recessive. These two types can cause different versions of the trait to appear as the organism's phenotype. If an organism's genotype has at least one dominant allele for a gene, the organism's phenotype will be the dominant allele's version of the gene's trait. If an organism's genotype has only recessive alleles for a gene, the organism's phenotype will be the recessive allele's version of the gene's trait. A Punnett square shows what types of offspring a cross can produce. The expected ratio of offspring types compares how often the cross produces each type of offspring, on average. To write this ratio, count the number of boxes in the Punnett square representing each type. For example, consider the Punnett square below. | F | f F | FF | Ff f | Ff | ff There is 1 box with the genotype FF and 2 boxes with the genotype Ff. So, the expected ratio of offspring with the genotype FF to those with Ff is 1:2.

To determine how many boxes in the Punnett square represent offspring with climbing growth or bush growth, consider whether each phenotype is the dominant or recessive allele's version of the growth pattern trait. The question tells you that the G allele, which is for climbing growth, is dominant over the g allele, which is for bush growth. Climbing growth is the dominant allele's version of the growth pattern trait. A rose plant with the dominant version of the growth pattern trait must have at least one dominant allele for the growth pattern gene. So, offspring with climbing growth must have the genotype GG or Gg. There are 2 boxes in the Punnett square with the genotype GG or Gg. These boxes are highlighted below. Bush growth is the recessive allele's version of the growth pattern trait. A rose plant with the recessive version of the growth pattern trait must have only recessive alleles for the growth pattern gene. So, offspring with bush growth must have the genotype gg. There are 2 boxes in the Punnett square with the genotype gg. These boxes are highlighted below. So, the expected ratio of offspring with climbing growth to offspring with bush growth is 2:2. This means that, on average, this cross will produce 2 offspring with climbing growth for every 2 offspring with bush growth.

Offspring phenotypes: dominant or recessive? How do you determine an organism's phenotype for a trait? Look at the combination of alleles in the organism's genotype for the gene that affects that trait. Some alleles have types called dominant and recessive. These two types can cause different versions of the trait to appear as the organism's phenotype. If an organism's genotype has at least one dominant allele for a gene, the organism's phenotype will be the dominant allele's version of the gene's trait. If an organism's genotype has only recessive alleles for a gene, the organism's phenotype will be the recessive allele's version of the gene's trait. A Punnett square shows what types of offspring a cross can produce. The expected ratio of offspring types compares how often the cross produces each type of offspring, on average. To write this ratio, count the number of boxes in the Punnett square representing each type. For example, consider the Punnett square below. | F | f F | FF | Ff f | Ff | ff There is 1 box with the genotype FF and 2 boxes with the genotype Ff. So, the expected ratio of offspring with the genotype FF to those with Ff is 1:2. To determine how many boxes in the Punnett square represent offspring with climbing growth or bush growth, consider whether each phenotype is the dominant or recessive allele's version of the growth pattern trait. The question tells you that the G allele, which is for climbing growth, is dominant over the g allele, which is for bush growth. Climbing growth is the dominant allele's version of the growth pattern trait. A rose plant with the dominant version of the growth pattern trait must have at least one dominant allele for the growth pattern gene. So, offspring with climbing growth must have the genotype GG or Gg. There are 2 boxes in the Punnett square with the genotype GG or Gg. These boxes are highlighted below. Bush growth is the recessive allele's version of the growth pattern trait. A rose plant with the recessive version of the growth pattern trait must have only recessive alleles for the growth pattern gene. So, offspring with bush growth must have the genotype gg. There are 2 boxes in the Punnett square with the genotype gg. These boxes are highlighted below. So, the expected ratio of offspring with climbing growth to offspring with bush growth is 2:2. This means that, on average, this cross will produce 2 offspring with climbing growth for every 2 offspring with bush growth.

2:2

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Compare the average kinetic energies of the particles in each sample. Which sample has the higher temperature?

natural science

The temperature of a substance depends on the average kinetic energy of the particles in the substance. The higher the average kinetic energy of the particles, the higher the temperature of the substance. The kinetic energy of a particle is determined by its mass and speed. For a pure substance, the greater the mass of each particle in the substance and the higher the average speed of the particles, the higher their average kinetic energy.

Each particle in sample A has more mass than each particle in sample B. The particles in sample A also have a higher average speed than the particles in sample B. So, the particles in sample A have a higher average kinetic energy than the particles in sample B. Because the particles in sample A have the higher average kinetic energy, sample A must have the higher temperature.

The temperature of a substance depends on the average kinetic energy of the particles in the substance. The higher the average kinetic energy of the particles, the higher the temperature of the substance. The kinetic energy of a particle is determined by its mass and speed. For a pure substance, the greater the mass of each particle in the substance and the higher the average speed of the particles, the higher their average kinetic energy. Each particle in sample A has more mass than each particle in sample B. The particles in sample A also have a higher average speed than the particles in sample B. So, the particles in sample A have a higher average kinetic energy than the particles in sample B. Because the particles in sample A have the higher average kinetic energy, sample A must have the higher temperature.

sample A

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Select the fish below.

natural science

Birds, mammals, fish, reptiles, and amphibians are groups of animals. The animals in each group have traits in common. Scientists sort animals into groups based on traits they have in common. This process is called classification.

A manta ray is a fish. It lives underwater. It has fins, not limbs. A red-tailed hawk is a bird. It has feathers, two wings, and a beak.

Birds, mammals, fish, reptiles, and amphibians are groups of animals. The animals in each group have traits in common. Scientists sort animals into groups based on traits they have in common. This process is called classification. A manta ray is a fish. It lives underwater. It has fins, not limbs. A red-tailed hawk is a bird. It has feathers, two wings, and a beak.

manta ray

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Which of these continents does the equator intersect?

social science

Lines of latitude and lines of longitude are imaginary lines drawn on some globes and maps. They can help you find places on globes and maps. Lines of latitude show how far north or south a place is. We use units called degrees to describe how far a place is from the equator. The equator is the line located at 0° latitude. We start counting degrees from there. Lines north of the equator are labeled N for north. Lines south of the equator are labeled S for south. Lines of latitude are also called parallels because each line is parallel to the equator. Lines of longitude are also called meridians. They show how far east or west a place is. We use degrees to help describe how far a place is from the prime meridian. The prime meridian is the line located at 0° longitude. Lines west of the prime meridian are labeled W. Lines east of the prime meridian are labeled E. Meridians meet at the north and south poles. The equator goes all the way around the earth, but the prime meridian is different. It only goes from the North Pole to the South Pole on one side of the earth. On the opposite side of the globe is another special meridian. It is labeled both 180°E and 180°W. Together, lines of latitude and lines of longitude form a grid. You can use this grid to find the exact location of a place.

The equator is the line at 0° latitude. It intersects South America. It does not intersect Australia or Antarctica.

Lines of latitude and lines of longitude are imaginary lines drawn on some globes and maps. They can help you find places on globes and maps. Lines of latitude show how far north or south a place is. We use units called degrees to describe how far a place is from the equator. The equator is the line located at 0° latitude. We start counting degrees from there. Lines north of the equator are labeled N for north. Lines south of the equator are labeled S for south. Lines of latitude are also called parallels because each line is parallel to the equator. Lines of longitude are also called meridians. They show how far east or west a place is. We use degrees to help describe how far a place is from the prime meridian. The prime meridian is the line located at 0° longitude. Lines west of the prime meridian are labeled W. Lines east of the prime meridian are labeled E. Meridians meet at the north and south poles. The equator goes all the way around the earth, but the prime meridian is different. It only goes from the North Pole to the South Pole on one side of the earth. On the opposite side of the globe is another special meridian. It is labeled both 180°E and 180°W. Together, lines of latitude and lines of longitude form a grid. You can use this grid to find the exact location of a place. The equator is the line at 0° latitude. It intersects South America. It does not intersect Australia or Antarctica.

South America

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Which is the main persuasive appeal used in this ad?

language science

The purpose of an advertisement is to persuade people to do something. To accomplish this purpose, advertisements use three types of persuasive strategies, or appeals: Appeals to ethos, or character, show that the writer or speaker is trustworthy or is an authority on a subject. An ad that appeals to ethos might do one of the following: say that a brand has been trusted for many years note that a brand is recommended by a respected organization or celebrity include a quote from a "real person" who shares the audience's values Appeals to logos, or reason, use logic and specific evidence. An ad that appeals to logos might do one of the following: use graphs or charts to display information mention the results of scientific studies explain the science behind a product or service Appeals to pathos, or emotion, use feelings rather than facts to persuade the audience. An ad that appeals to pathos might do one of the following: trigger a fear, such as the fear of embarrassment appeal to a desire, such as the desire to appear attractive link the product to a positive feeling, such as adventure, love, or luxury

The ad appeals to ethos, or character. It notes that the brand has been trusted and highly respected (the best in its class) for many years.

The purpose of an advertisement is to persuade people to do something. To accomplish this purpose, advertisements use three types of persuasive strategies, or appeals: Appeals to ethos, or character, show that the writer or speaker is trustworthy or is an authority on a subject. An ad that appeals to ethos might do one of the following: say that a brand has been trusted for many years note that a brand is recommended by a respected organization or celebrity include a quote from a "real person" who shares the audience's values Appeals to logos, or reason, use logic and specific evidence. An ad that appeals to logos might do one of the following: use graphs or charts to display information mention the results of scientific studies explain the science behind a product or service Appeals to pathos, or emotion, use feelings rather than facts to persuade the audience. An ad that appeals to pathos might do one of the following: trigger a fear, such as the fear of embarrassment appeal to a desire, such as the desire to appear attractive link the product to a positive feeling, such as adventure, love, or luxury The ad appeals to ethos, or character. It notes that the brand has been trusted and highly respected (the best in its class) for many years.

ethos (character)

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Which of these organisms contains matter that was once part of the kelp?

natural science

A food web is a model. A food web shows where organisms in an ecosystem get their food. Models can make things in nature easier to understand because models can represent complex things in a simpler way. If a food web showed every organism in an ecosystem, the food web would be hard to understand. So, each food web shows how some organisms in an ecosystem can get their food. Arrows show how matter moves. A food web has arrows that point from one organism to another. Each arrow shows the direction that matter moves when one organism eats another organism. An arrow starts from the organism that is eaten. The arrow points to the organism that is doing the eating. An organism in a food web can have more than one arrow pointing from it. This shows that the organism is eaten by more than one other organism in the food web. An organism in a food web can also have more than one arrow pointing to it. This shows that the organism eats more than one other organism in the food web.

Use the arrows to follow how matter moves through this food web. For each answer choice, try to find a path of arrows that starts from the kelp. The only arrow pointing to the black rockfish starts from the zooplankton. The only arrow pointing to the zooplankton starts from the phytoplankton. No arrow points to the phytoplankton. So, in this food web, matter does not move from the kelp to the black rockfish. There are two arrows pointing to the plainfin midshipman. These start from the phytoplankton and the zooplankton. The only arrow pointing to the zooplankton starts from the phytoplankton. No arrow points to the phytoplankton. So, in this food web, matter does not move from the kelp to the plainfin midshipman. No arrow points to the phytoplankton. So, in this food web, matter does not move from the kelp to the phytoplankton.There is one path matter can take from the kelp to the kelp bass: kelp->kelp bass.

A food web is a model. A food web shows where organisms in an ecosystem get their food. Models can make things in nature easier to understand because models can represent complex things in a simpler way. If a food web showed every organism in an ecosystem, the food web would be hard to understand. So, each food web shows how some organisms in an ecosystem can get their food. Arrows show how matter moves. A food web has arrows that point from one organism to another. Each arrow shows the direction that matter moves when one organism eats another organism. An arrow starts from the organism that is eaten. The arrow points to the organism that is doing the eating. An organism in a food web can have more than one arrow pointing from it. This shows that the organism is eaten by more than one other organism in the food web. An organism in a food web can also have more than one arrow pointing to it. This shows that the organism eats more than one other organism in the food web. Use the arrows to follow how matter moves through this food web. For each answer choice, try to find a path of arrows that starts from the kelp. The only arrow pointing to the black rockfish starts from the zooplankton. The only arrow pointing to the zooplankton starts from the phytoplankton. No arrow points to the phytoplankton. So, in this food web, matter does not move from the kelp to the black rockfish. There are two arrows pointing to the plainfin midshipman. These start from the phytoplankton and the zooplankton. The only arrow pointing to the zooplankton starts from the phytoplankton. No arrow points to the phytoplankton. So, in this food web, matter does not move from the kelp to the plainfin midshipman. No arrow points to the phytoplankton. So, in this food web, matter does not move from the kelp to the phytoplankton.There is one path matter can take from the kelp to the kelp bass: kelp->kelp bass.

kelp bass

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Select the organism in the same genus as the western gull.

natural science

Scientists use scientific names to identify organisms. Scientific names are made of two words. The first word in an organism's scientific name tells you the organism's genus. A genus is a group of organisms that share many traits. A genus is made up of one or more species. A species is a group of very similar organisms. The second word in an organism's scientific name tells you its species within its genus. Together, the two parts of an organism's scientific name identify its species. For example Ursus maritimus and Ursus americanus are two species of bears. They are part of the same genus, Ursus. But they are different species within the genus. Ursus maritimus has the species name maritimus. Ursus americanus has the species name americanus. Both bears have small round ears and sharp claws. But Ursus maritimus has white fur and Ursus americanus has black fur.

A western gull's scientific name is Larus occidentalis. The first word of its scientific name is Larus. Strix aluco is in the genus Strix. The first word of its scientific name is Strix. So, Strix aluco and Larus occidentalis are not in the same genus. Polysticta stelleri is in the genus Polysticta. The first word of its scientific name is Polysticta. So, Polysticta stelleri and Larus occidentalis are not in the same genus. Larus michahellis is in the genus Larus. The first word of its scientific name is Larus. So, Larus michahellis and Larus occidentalis are in the same genus.

Scientists use scientific names to identify organisms. Scientific names are made of two words. The first word in an organism's scientific name tells you the organism's genus. A genus is a group of organisms that share many traits. A genus is made up of one or more species. A species is a group of very similar organisms. The second word in an organism's scientific name tells you its species within its genus. Together, the two parts of an organism's scientific name identify its species. For example Ursus maritimus and Ursus americanus are two species of bears. They are part of the same genus, Ursus. But they are different species within the genus. Ursus maritimus has the species name maritimus. Ursus americanus has the species name americanus. Both bears have small round ears and sharp claws. But Ursus maritimus has white fur and Ursus americanus has black fur. A western gull's scientific name is Larus occidentalis. The first word of its scientific name is Larus. Strix aluco is in the genus Strix. The first word of its scientific name is Strix. So, Strix aluco and Larus occidentalis are not in the same genus. Polysticta stelleri is in the genus Polysticta. The first word of its scientific name is Polysticta. So, Polysticta stelleri and Larus occidentalis are not in the same genus. Larus michahellis is in the genus Larus. The first word of its scientific name is Larus. So, Larus michahellis and Larus occidentalis are in the same genus.

Larus michahellis

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Is diesel a solid, a liquid, or a gas?

natural science

Solid, liquid, and gas are states of matter. Matter is anything that takes up space. Matter can come in different states, or forms. When matter is a solid, it has a definite volume and a definite shape. So, a solid has a size and shape of its own. Some solids can be easily folded, bent, or broken. A piece of paper is a solid. Also, some solids are very small. A grain of sand is a solid. When matter is a liquid, it has a definite volume but not a definite shape. So, a liquid has a size of its own, but it does not have a shape of its own. Think about pouring juice from a bottle into a cup. The juice still takes up the same amount of space, but it takes the shape of the bottle. Some liquids are thicker than others. Honey and milk are both liquids. But pouring honey takes more time than pouring milk. When matter is a gas, it does not have a definite volume or a definite shape. A gas expands, or gets bigger, until it completely fills a space. A gas can also get smaller if it is squeezed into a smaller space. Many gases are invisible. The oxygen you breathe is a gas. The helium in a balloon is also a gas.

Diesel is a liquid. A liquid takes the shape of any container it is in. If you pour diesel into a different container, the diesel will take the shape of that container.

Solid, liquid, and gas are states of matter. Matter is anything that takes up space. Matter can come in different states, or forms. When matter is a solid, it has a definite volume and a definite shape. So, a solid has a size and shape of its own. Some solids can be easily folded, bent, or broken. A piece of paper is a solid. Also, some solids are very small. A grain of sand is a solid. When matter is a liquid, it has a definite volume but not a definite shape. So, a liquid has a size of its own, but it does not have a shape of its own. Think about pouring juice from a bottle into a cup. The juice still takes up the same amount of space, but it takes the shape of the bottle. Some liquids are thicker than others. Honey and milk are both liquids. But pouring honey takes more time than pouring milk. When matter is a gas, it does not have a definite volume or a definite shape. A gas expands, or gets bigger, until it completely fills a space. A gas can also get smaller if it is squeezed into a smaller space. Many gases are invisible. The oxygen you breathe is a gas. The helium in a balloon is also a gas. Diesel is a liquid. A liquid takes the shape of any container it is in. If you pour diesel into a different container, the diesel will take the shape of that container.

a liquid

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Which property do these four objects have in common?

natural science

An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Properties can also tell you how an object will behave when something happens to it. Different objects can have properties in common. You can use these properties to put objects into groups. Grouping objects by their properties is called classification.

Look at each object. For each object, decide if it has that property. A flexible object can be folded or bent without breaking easily. The jello is flexible, but the marbles are not. A lemon has a sour taste. The jello and the ocean water are not sour. A translucent object lets light through. But you cannot see clearly through a translucent object. All four objects are translucent. The property that all four objects have in common is translucent.

An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Properties can also tell you how an object will behave when something happens to it. Different objects can have properties in common. You can use these properties to put objects into groups. Grouping objects by their properties is called classification. Look at each object. For each object, decide if it has that property. A flexible object can be folded or bent without breaking easily. The jello is flexible, but the marbles are not. A lemon has a sour taste. The jello and the ocean water are not sour. A translucent object lets light through. But you cannot see clearly through a translucent object. All four objects are translucent. The property that all four objects have in common is translucent.

translucent

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Which property do these three objects have in common?

natural science

An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Properties can also tell you how an object will behave when something happens to it. Different objects can have properties in common. You can use these properties to put objects into groups.

Look at each object. For each object, decide if it has that property. A soft object changes shape when pressed or squeezed. The rock and the log are not soft. A bumpy object is covered in lumps and bumps. All three objects are bumpy. A stretchy object gets longer when you pull on it. None of the objects are stretchy. The property that all three objects have in common is bumpy.

An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Properties can also tell you how an object will behave when something happens to it. Different objects can have properties in common. You can use these properties to put objects into groups. Look at each object. For each object, decide if it has that property. A soft object changes shape when pressed or squeezed. The rock and the log are not soft. A bumpy object is covered in lumps and bumps. All three objects are bumpy. A stretchy object gets longer when you pull on it. None of the objects are stretchy. The property that all three objects have in common is bumpy.

bumpy

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Select the fish below.

natural science

Birds, mammals, fish, reptiles, and amphibians are groups of animals. Scientists sort animals into each group based on traits they have in common. This process is called classification. Classification helps scientists learn about how animals live. Classification also helps scientists compare similar animals.

A Canadian lynx is a mammal. It has fur and feeds its young milk. Canadian lynx have padded feet to help them walk on snow. A box turtle is a reptile. It has scaly, waterproof skin. Box turtles can live to be over 100 years old! A leafy seadragon is a fish. It lives underwater. It has fins, not limbs. A seadragon's body looks like a clump of seaweed. This helps the seadragon hide from its predators. An albatross is a bird. It has feathers, two wings, and a beak. Albatrosses live near the ocean. They hunt squid, fish, and other small animals.

Birds, mammals, fish, reptiles, and amphibians are groups of animals. Scientists sort animals into each group based on traits they have in common. This process is called classification. Classification helps scientists learn about how animals live. Classification also helps scientists compare similar animals. A Canadian lynx is a mammal. It has fur and feeds its young milk. Canadian lynx have padded feet to help them walk on snow. A box turtle is a reptile. It has scaly, waterproof skin. Box turtles can live to be over 100 years old! A leafy seadragon is a fish. It lives underwater. It has fins, not limbs. A seadragon's body looks like a clump of seaweed. This helps the seadragon hide from its predators. An albatross is a bird. It has feathers, two wings, and a beak. Albatrosses live near the ocean. They hunt squid, fish, and other small animals.

leafy seadragon

ba35b2e577f4454197d886960e417fd0

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Which air temperature was measured within the outlined area shown?

natural science

To study air masses, scientists can use maps that show conditions within Earth's atmosphere. For example, the map below uses color to show air temperatures. The map's legend tells you the temperature that each color represents. Colors on the left in the legend represent lower temperatures than colors on the right. For example, areas on the map that are the darkest shade of blue have a temperature from -25°C up to -20°C. Areas that are the next darkest shade of blue have a temperature from -20°C up to -15°C.

Look at the colors shown within the outlined area. Then, use the legend to determine which air temperatures those colors represent. The legend tells you that this air mass contained air with temperatures between 0°C and 10°C. 2°C is within this range. -2°C and 17°C are outside of this range.

To study air masses, scientists can use maps that show conditions within Earth's atmosphere. For example, the map below uses color to show air temperatures. The map's legend tells you the temperature that each color represents. Colors on the left in the legend represent lower temperatures than colors on the right. For example, areas on the map that are the darkest shade of blue have a temperature from -25°C up to -20°C. Areas that are the next darkest shade of blue have a temperature from -20°C up to -15°C. Look at the colors shown within the outlined area. Then, use the legend to determine which air temperatures those colors represent. The legend tells you that this air mass contained air with temperatures between 0°C and 10°C. 2°C is within this range. -2°C and 17°C are outside of this range.

2°C

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Will these magnets attract or repel each other?

natural science

Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. Whether a magnet attracts or repels other magnets depends on the positions of its poles, or ends. Every magnet has two poles: north and south. Here are some examples of magnets. The north pole of each magnet is labeled N, and the south pole is labeled S. If opposite poles are closest to each other, the magnets attract. The magnets in the pair below attract. If the same, or like, poles are closest to each other, the magnets repel. The magnets in both pairs below repel.

To predict if these magnets will attract or repel, look at which poles are closest to each other. The south pole of one magnet is closest to the south pole of the other magnet. Like poles repel. So, these magnets will repel each other.

Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. Whether a magnet attracts or repels other magnets depends on the positions of its poles, or ends. Every magnet has two poles: north and south. Here are some examples of magnets. The north pole of each magnet is labeled N, and the south pole is labeled S. If opposite poles are closest to each other, the magnets attract. The magnets in the pair below attract. If the same, or like, poles are closest to each other, the magnets repel. The magnets in both pairs below repel. To predict if these magnets will attract or repel, look at which poles are closest to each other. The south pole of one magnet is closest to the south pole of the other magnet. Like poles repel. So, these magnets will repel each other.

repel

2d1344d5ba564464aaa5a2587bde0423

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Which part of a flower can make pollen?

natural science

Flowering plants, called angiosperms, use their flowers for sexual reproduction. Flowers can have male parts, female parts, or both! The male part is called the stamen, and the female part is called the pistil. Both the male and female parts are needed for sexual reproduction. The female part produces eggs, and the male part produces pollen. Pollen contains cells that become sperm. Pollination happens when pollen lands on top of the pistil. Self-pollination happens when a plant with both male and female parts pollinates itself. Cross-pollination happens when pollen from one plant lands on the pistil of a flower on a different plant. Animals, including birds and insects, can be pollinators. Many pollinators come to flowers to get food. As a pollinator feeds, it moves pollen from one flower to another. After pollination, sperm from the pollen fuse with eggs. This is called fertilization. The fertilized eggs then grow into seeds. When a seed lands on the ground, it can germinate and grow into a new plant. The new plant can grow flowers and begin the angiosperm plant life cycle again.

The male part of the flower makes pollen. The anthers, which are part of the stamen, produce pollen. The female part of the flower makes eggs, not pollen.

Flowering plants, called angiosperms, use their flowers for sexual reproduction. Flowers can have male parts, female parts, or both! The male part is called the stamen, and the female part is called the pistil. Both the male and female parts are needed for sexual reproduction. The female part produces eggs, and the male part produces pollen. Pollen contains cells that become sperm. Pollination happens when pollen lands on top of the pistil. Self-pollination happens when a plant with both male and female parts pollinates itself. Cross-pollination happens when pollen from one plant lands on the pistil of a flower on a different plant. Animals, including birds and insects, can be pollinators. Many pollinators come to flowers to get food. As a pollinator feeds, it moves pollen from one flower to another. After pollination, sperm from the pollen fuse with eggs. This is called fertilization. The fertilized eggs then grow into seeds. When a seed lands on the ground, it can germinate and grow into a new plant. The new plant can grow flowers and begin the angiosperm plant life cycle again. The male part of the flower makes pollen. The anthers, which are part of the stamen, produce pollen. The female part of the flower makes eggs, not pollen.

the male part

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Which property matches this object?

natural science

An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells.

Look at the object. Think about each property. A scratchy object is rough and itchy against your skin. The inflatable castle is not scratchy. A bouncy object will bounce back from the floor if you drop it. The inflatable castle is bouncy.

An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Look at the object. Think about each property. A scratchy object is rough and itchy against your skin. The inflatable castle is not scratchy. A bouncy object will bounce back from the floor if you drop it. The inflatable castle is bouncy.

bouncy

b547aff2906847ca9a380dfa41907d43

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Which animal's body is better adapted for protection against a predator with sharp teeth?

natural science

An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors. The color, texture, and covering of an animal's skin are examples of adaptations. Animals' skins can be adapted in different ways. For example, skin with thick fur might help an animal stay warm. Skin with sharp spines might help an animal defend itself against predators.

Look at the picture of the queen scallop. The queen scallop has a hard outer shell. Its body is adapted for protection against a predator with sharp teeth. The hard shell makes it difficult for predators to hurt or kill the queen scallop. Now look at each animal. Figure out which animal has a similar adaptation. The marsh terrapin has a hard outer shell. Its body is adapted for protection against a predator with sharp teeth. The ring-necked pheasant has soft feathers covering its skin. Its body is not adapted for protection against predators with sharp teeth.

An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors. The color, texture, and covering of an animal's skin are examples of adaptations. Animals' skins can be adapted in different ways. For example, skin with thick fur might help an animal stay warm. Skin with sharp spines might help an animal defend itself against predators. Look at the picture of the queen scallop. The queen scallop has a hard outer shell. Its body is adapted for protection against a predator with sharp teeth. The hard shell makes it difficult for predators to hurt or kill the queen scallop. Now look at each animal. Figure out which animal has a similar adaptation. The marsh terrapin has a hard outer shell. Its body is adapted for protection against a predator with sharp teeth. The ring-necked pheasant has soft feathers covering its skin. Its body is not adapted for protection against predators with sharp teeth.

marsh terrapin

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Which of these states is farthest west?

social science

Maps have four cardinal directions, or main directions. Those directions are north, south, east, and west. A compass rose is a set of arrows that point to the cardinal directions. A compass rose usually shows only the first letter of each cardinal direction. The north arrow points to the North Pole. On most maps, north is at the top of the map.

To find the answer, look at the compass rose. Look at which way the west arrow is pointing. Idaho is farthest west.

Maps have four cardinal directions, or main directions. Those directions are north, south, east, and west. A compass rose is a set of arrows that point to the cardinal directions. A compass rose usually shows only the first letter of each cardinal direction. The north arrow points to the North Pole. On most maps, north is at the top of the map. To find the answer, look at the compass rose. Look at which way the west arrow is pointing. Idaho is farthest west.

Idaho

57640b9c09ef4a69818d88d0b0157112

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Select the fish below.

natural science

Birds, mammals, fish, reptiles, and amphibians are groups of animals. The animals in each group have traits in common. Scientists sort animals into groups based on traits they have in common. This process is called classification.

A red-tailed hawk is a bird. It has feathers, two wings, and a beak. Red-tailed hawks use their sharp beaks to hunt small mammals, birds, fish, and reptiles. A goldfish is a fish. It lives underwater. It has fins, not limbs. Goldfish are popular as pets in many countries today. They were first kept as pets by people in ancient China.

Birds, mammals, fish, reptiles, and amphibians are groups of animals. The animals in each group have traits in common. Scientists sort animals into groups based on traits they have in common. This process is called classification. A red-tailed hawk is a bird. It has feathers, two wings, and a beak. Red-tailed hawks use their sharp beaks to hunt small mammals, birds, fish, and reptiles. A goldfish is a fish. It lives underwater. It has fins, not limbs. Goldfish are popular as pets in many countries today. They were first kept as pets by people in ancient China.

goldfish

88a27f9d37844e75b0d6e176bcb5f00e

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Which property do these two objects have in common?

natural science

An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Different objects can have the same properties. You can use these properties to put objects into groups.

Look at each object. For each object, decide if it has that property. A slippery object is hard to hold onto or stand on. Both objects are slippery. A lemon has a sour taste. The wet ice cube is not sour. The property that both objects have in common is slippery.

An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Different objects can have the same properties. You can use these properties to put objects into groups. Look at each object. For each object, decide if it has that property. A slippery object is hard to hold onto or stand on. Both objects are slippery. A lemon has a sour taste. The wet ice cube is not sour. The property that both objects have in common is slippery.

slippery

fc5aa8a407d44e0999397adeec693881

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Which continent is highlighted?

social science

A continent is one of the major land masses on the earth. Most people say there are seven continents.

This continent is Antarctica.

A continent is one of the major land masses on the earth. Most people say there are seven continents. This continent is Antarctica.

Antarctica

f9760bf9465d4dd69aa27cf11df2cebf

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What is the expected ratio of offspring with a dwarf body to offspring with a normal-sized body? Choose the most likely ratio.

natural science

Offspring phenotypes: dominant or recessive? How do you determine an organism's phenotype for a trait? Look at the combination of alleles in the organism's genotype for the gene that affects that trait. Some alleles have types called dominant and recessive. These two types can cause different versions of the trait to appear as the organism's phenotype. If an organism's genotype has at least one dominant allele for a gene, the organism's phenotype will be the dominant allele's version of the gene's trait. If an organism's genotype has only recessive alleles for a gene, the organism's phenotype will be the recessive allele's version of the gene's trait. A Punnett square shows what types of offspring a cross can produce. The expected ratio of offspring types compares how often the cross produces each type of offspring, on average. To write this ratio, count the number of boxes in the Punnett square representing each type. For example, consider the Punnett square below. | F | f F | FF | Ff f | Ff | ff There is 1 box with the genotype FF and 2 boxes with the genotype Ff. So, the expected ratio of offspring with the genotype FF to those with Ff is 1:2.

To determine how many boxes in the Punnett square represent offspring with a dwarf body or a normal-sized body, consider whether each phenotype is the dominant or recessive allele's version of the body size trait. The question tells you that the B allele, which is for a normal-sized body, is dominant over the b allele, which is for a dwarf body. A dwarf body is the recessive allele's version of the body size trait. A rat with the recessive version of the body size trait must have only recessive alleles for the body size gene. So, offspring with a dwarf body must have the genotype bb. There are 0 boxes in the Punnett square with the genotype bb. A normal-sized body is the dominant allele's version of the body size trait. A rat with the dominant version of the body size trait must have at least one dominant allele for the body size gene. So, offspring with a normal-sized body must have the genotype BB or Bb. All 4 boxes in the Punnett square have the genotype BB or Bb. So, the expected ratio of offspring with a dwarf body to offspring with a normal-sized body is 0:4. This means that, based on the Punnett square, this cross will never produce offspring with a dwarf body. Instead, this cross is expected to always produce offspring with a normal-sized body.

Offspring phenotypes: dominant or recessive? How do you determine an organism's phenotype for a trait? Look at the combination of alleles in the organism's genotype for the gene that affects that trait. Some alleles have types called dominant and recessive. These two types can cause different versions of the trait to appear as the organism's phenotype. If an organism's genotype has at least one dominant allele for a gene, the organism's phenotype will be the dominant allele's version of the gene's trait. If an organism's genotype has only recessive alleles for a gene, the organism's phenotype will be the recessive allele's version of the gene's trait. A Punnett square shows what types of offspring a cross can produce. The expected ratio of offspring types compares how often the cross produces each type of offspring, on average. To write this ratio, count the number of boxes in the Punnett square representing each type. For example, consider the Punnett square below. | F | f F | FF | Ff f | Ff | ff There is 1 box with the genotype FF and 2 boxes with the genotype Ff. So, the expected ratio of offspring with the genotype FF to those with Ff is 1:2. To determine how many boxes in the Punnett square represent offspring with a dwarf body or a normal-sized body, consider whether each phenotype is the dominant or recessive allele's version of the body size trait. The question tells you that the B allele, which is for a normal-sized body, is dominant over the b allele, which is for a dwarf body. A dwarf body is the recessive allele's version of the body size trait. A rat with the recessive version of the body size trait must have only recessive alleles for the body size gene. So, offspring with a dwarf body must have the genotype bb. There are 0 boxes in the Punnett square with the genotype bb. A normal-sized body is the dominant allele's version of the body size trait. A rat with the dominant version of the body size trait must have at least one dominant allele for the body size gene. So, offspring with a normal-sized body must have the genotype BB or Bb. All 4 boxes in the Punnett square have the genotype BB or Bb. So, the expected ratio of offspring with a dwarf body to offspring with a normal-sized body is 0:4. This means that, based on the Punnett square, this cross will never produce offspring with a dwarf body. Instead, this cross is expected to always produce offspring with a normal-sized body.

0:4

9a8385dd139a4c8bb55eaddfbbcc55aa

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Which of these states is farthest west?

social science

Maps have four cardinal directions, or main directions. Those directions are north, south, east, and west. A compass rose is a set of arrows that point to the cardinal directions. A compass rose usually shows only the first letter of each cardinal direction. The north arrow points to the North Pole. On most maps, north is at the top of the map.

To find the answer, look at the compass rose. Look at which way the west arrow is pointing. Missouri is farthest west.

Maps have four cardinal directions, or main directions. Those directions are north, south, east, and west. A compass rose is a set of arrows that point to the cardinal directions. A compass rose usually shows only the first letter of each cardinal direction. The north arrow points to the North Pole. On most maps, north is at the top of the map. To find the answer, look at the compass rose. Look at which way the west arrow is pointing. Missouri is farthest west.

Missouri

7c49359a4df44387845b06bd9c6914f3

validation_images/image_432.png

Is a slide a solid, a liquid, or a gas?

natural science

Solid, liquid, and gas are states of matter. Matter is anything that takes up space. Matter can come in different states, or forms. When matter is a solid, it has a definite volume and a definite shape. So, a solid has a size and shape of its own. Some solids can be easily folded, bent, or broken. A piece of paper is a solid. Also, some solids are very small. A grain of sand is a solid. When matter is a liquid, it has a definite volume but not a definite shape. So, a liquid has a size of its own, but it does not have a shape of its own. Think about pouring juice from a bottle into a cup. The juice still takes up the same amount of space, but it takes the shape of the bottle. Some liquids do not pour as easily as others. Honey and milk are both liquids. But pouring honey takes more time than pouring milk. When matter is a gas, it does not have a definite volume or a definite shape. A gas expands, or gets bigger, until it completely fills a space. A gas can also get smaller if it is squeezed into a smaller space. Many gases are invisible. Air is a gas.

A slide is a solid. A solid has a size and shape of its own. A slide has a size and shape of its own, even when you sit on it.

Solid, liquid, and gas are states of matter. Matter is anything that takes up space. Matter can come in different states, or forms. When matter is a solid, it has a definite volume and a definite shape. So, a solid has a size and shape of its own. Some solids can be easily folded, bent, or broken. A piece of paper is a solid. Also, some solids are very small. A grain of sand is a solid. When matter is a liquid, it has a definite volume but not a definite shape. So, a liquid has a size of its own, but it does not have a shape of its own. Think about pouring juice from a bottle into a cup. The juice still takes up the same amount of space, but it takes the shape of the bottle. Some liquids do not pour as easily as others. Honey and milk are both liquids. But pouring honey takes more time than pouring milk. When matter is a gas, it does not have a definite volume or a definite shape. A gas expands, or gets bigger, until it completely fills a space. A gas can also get smaller if it is squeezed into a smaller space. Many gases are invisible. Air is a gas. A slide is a solid. A solid has a size and shape of its own. A slide has a size and shape of its own, even when you sit on it.

a solid

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Does this passage describe the weather or the climate?

natural science

The atmosphere is the layer of air that surrounds Earth. Both weather and climate tell you about the atmosphere. Weather is what the atmosphere is like at a certain place and time. Weather can change quickly. For example, the temperature outside your house might get higher throughout the day. Climate is the pattern of weather in a certain place. For example, summer temperatures in New York are usually higher than winter temperatures.

Read the passage carefully. Havana is the capital of Cuba. The winds in Havana blow from the east most days of the year. The underlined part of the passage tells you about the usual wind patterns in Havana. This passage does not describe what the weather is like on a particular day. So, this passage describes the climate.

The atmosphere is the layer of air that surrounds Earth. Both weather and climate tell you about the atmosphere. Weather is what the atmosphere is like at a certain place and time. Weather can change quickly. For example, the temperature outside your house might get higher throughout the day. Climate is the pattern of weather in a certain place. For example, summer temperatures in New York are usually higher than winter temperatures. Read the passage carefully. Havana is the capital of Cuba. The winds in Havana blow from the east most days of the year. The underlined part of the passage tells you about the usual wind patterns in Havana. This passage does not describe what the weather is like on a particular day. So, this passage describes the climate.

climate

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Is Chelonoidis nigra made up of one cell?

natural science

In the past, scientists classified living organisms into two groups: plants and animals. Over the past 300 years, scientists have discovered many more types of organisms. Today, many scientists classify organisms into six broad groups, called kingdoms. Organisms in each kingdom have specific traits. The table below shows some traits used to describe each kingdom. | Bacteria | Archaea | Protists | Fungi | Animals | Plants How many cells do they have? | one | one | one or many | one or many | many | many Do their cells have a nucleus? | no | no | yes | yes | yes | yes Can their cells make food? | some species can | some species can | some species can | no | no | yes

Chelonoidis nigra is an animal. Animals are made up of many cells.

In the past, scientists classified living organisms into two groups: plants and animals. Over the past 300 years, scientists have discovered many more types of organisms. Today, many scientists classify organisms into six broad groups, called kingdoms. Organisms in each kingdom have specific traits. The table below shows some traits used to describe each kingdom. | Bacteria | Archaea | Protists | Fungi | Animals | Plants How many cells do they have? | one | one | one or many | one or many | many | many Do their cells have a nucleus? | no | no | yes | yes | yes | yes Can their cells make food? | some species can | some species can | some species can | no | no | yes Chelonoidis nigra is an animal. Animals are made up of many cells.

no

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Will these magnets attract or repel each other?

natural science

Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. Whether a magnet attracts or repels other magnets depends on the positions of its poles, or ends. Every magnet has two poles, called north and south. Here are some examples of magnets. The north pole of each magnet is marked N, and the south pole is marked S. If different poles are closest to each other, the magnets attract. The magnets in the pair below attract. If the same poles are closest to each other, the magnets repel. The magnets in both pairs below repel.

Will these magnets attract or repel? To find out, look at which poles are closest to each other. The north pole of one magnet is closest to the south pole of the other magnet. Poles that are different attract. So, these magnets will attract each other.

Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. Whether a magnet attracts or repels other magnets depends on the positions of its poles, or ends. Every magnet has two poles, called north and south. Here are some examples of magnets. The north pole of each magnet is marked N, and the south pole is marked S. If different poles are closest to each other, the magnets attract. The magnets in the pair below attract. If the same poles are closest to each other, the magnets repel. The magnets in both pairs below repel. Will these magnets attract or repel? To find out, look at which poles are closest to each other. The north pole of one magnet is closest to the south pole of the other magnet. Poles that are different attract. So, these magnets will attract each other.

attract

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Compare the average kinetic energies of the particles in each sample. Which sample has the higher temperature?

natural science

The temperature of a substance depends on the average kinetic energy of the particles in the substance. The higher the average kinetic energy of the particles, the higher the temperature of the substance. The kinetic energy of a particle is determined by its mass and speed. For a pure substance, the greater the mass of each particle in the substance and the higher the average speed of the particles, the higher their average kinetic energy.

Each particle in the two samples has the same mass, but the particles in sample A have a higher average speed than the particles in sample B. So, the particles in sample A have a higher average kinetic energy than the particles in sample B. Because the particles in sample A have the higher average kinetic energy, sample A must have the higher temperature.

The temperature of a substance depends on the average kinetic energy of the particles in the substance. The higher the average kinetic energy of the particles, the higher the temperature of the substance. The kinetic energy of a particle is determined by its mass and speed. For a pure substance, the greater the mass of each particle in the substance and the higher the average speed of the particles, the higher their average kinetic energy. Each particle in the two samples has the same mass, but the particles in sample A have a higher average speed than the particles in sample B. So, the particles in sample A have a higher average kinetic energy than the particles in sample B. Because the particles in sample A have the higher average kinetic energy, sample A must have the higher temperature.

sample A

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Does Leopardus wiedii have cells that have a nucleus?

natural science

In the past, scientists classified living organisms into two groups: plants and animals. Over the past 300 years, scientists have discovered many more types of organisms. Today, many scientists classify organisms into six broad groups, called kingdoms. Organisms in each kingdom have specific traits. The table below shows some traits used to describe each kingdom. | Bacteria | Archaea | Protists | Fungi | Animals | Plants How many cells do they have? | one | one | one or many | one or many | many | many Do their cells have a nucleus? | no | no | yes | yes | yes | yes Can their cells make food? | some species can | some species can | some species can | no | no | yes

Leopardus wiedii is an animal. Animal cells have a nucleus.

In the past, scientists classified living organisms into two groups: plants and animals. Over the past 300 years, scientists have discovered many more types of organisms. Today, many scientists classify organisms into six broad groups, called kingdoms. Organisms in each kingdom have specific traits. The table below shows some traits used to describe each kingdom. | Bacteria | Archaea | Protists | Fungi | Animals | Plants How many cells do they have? | one | one | one or many | one or many | many | many Do their cells have a nucleus? | no | no | yes | yes | yes | yes Can their cells make food? | some species can | some species can | some species can | no | no | yes Leopardus wiedii is an animal. Animal cells have a nucleus.

yes

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Which specific humidity level was measured within the outlined area shown?

natural science

To study air masses, scientists can use maps that show conditions within Earth's atmosphere. For example, the map below uses color to show specific humidity, a measurement of the amount of water vapor in the air. The map's legend tells you the specific humidity level that each color represents. Colors on the left in the legend represent lower specific humidity levels than colors on the right. For example, areas on the map that are the darkest shade of purple have a specific humidity from zero grams per kilogram (g/kg) up to two g/kg. Areas that are the next darkest shade of purple have a specific humidity from two g/kg up to four g/kg.

Look at the colors shown within the outlined area. Then, use the legend to determine which specific humidity levels those colors represent. The legend tells you that this air mass contained air with specific humidity levels between 0 and 6 grams of water vapor per kilogram of air. 5 grams of water vapor per kilogram of air is within this range. 11 and 12 grams of water vapor per kilogram of air are outside of this range.

To study air masses, scientists can use maps that show conditions within Earth's atmosphere. For example, the map below uses color to show specific humidity, a measurement of the amount of water vapor in the air. The map's legend tells you the specific humidity level that each color represents. Colors on the left in the legend represent lower specific humidity levels than colors on the right. For example, areas on the map that are the darkest shade of purple have a specific humidity from zero grams per kilogram (g/kg) up to two g/kg. Areas that are the next darkest shade of purple have a specific humidity from two g/kg up to four g/kg. Look at the colors shown within the outlined area. Then, use the legend to determine which specific humidity levels those colors represent. The legend tells you that this air mass contained air with specific humidity levels between 0 and 6 grams of water vapor per kilogram of air. 5 grams of water vapor per kilogram of air is within this range. 11 and 12 grams of water vapor per kilogram of air are outside of this range.

5 grams of water vapor per kilogram of air

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Which continent is highlighted?

social science

A continent is one of the major land masses on the earth. Most people say there are seven continents.

This continent is Africa.

A continent is one of the major land masses on the earth. Most people say there are seven continents. This continent is Africa.

Africa

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Which rhetorical appeal is primarily used in this ad?

language science

The purpose of an advertisement is to persuade people to do something. To accomplish this purpose, advertisements use three types of persuasive strategies, or appeals. Appeals to ethos, or character, show the writer or speaker as trustworthy, authoritative, or sharing important values with the audience. An ad that appeals to ethos might do one of the following: say that a brand has been trusted for many years include an endorsement from a respected organization, such as the American Dental Association feature a testimonial from a "real person" who shares the audience's values use an admired celebrity or athlete as a spokesperson Appeals to logos, or reason, use logic and verifiable evidence. An ad that appeals to logos might do one of the following: use graphs or charts to display information cite results of clinical trials or independently conducted studies explain the science behind a product or service emphasize that the product is a financially wise choice anticipate and refute potential counterclaims Appeals to pathos, or emotion, use feelings rather than facts to persuade the audience. An ad that appeals to pathos might do one of the following: trigger a fear, such as the fear of embarrassment appeal to a desire, such as the desire to appear attractive link the product to a positive feeling, such as adventure, love, or luxury

The ad appeals to ethos, or character, by referencing endorsements from trusted professionals.

The purpose of an advertisement is to persuade people to do something. To accomplish this purpose, advertisements use three types of persuasive strategies, or appeals. Appeals to ethos, or character, show the writer or speaker as trustworthy, authoritative, or sharing important values with the audience. An ad that appeals to ethos might do one of the following: say that a brand has been trusted for many years include an endorsement from a respected organization, such as the American Dental Association feature a testimonial from a "real person" who shares the audience's values use an admired celebrity or athlete as a spokesperson Appeals to logos, or reason, use logic and verifiable evidence. An ad that appeals to logos might do one of the following: use graphs or charts to display information cite results of clinical trials or independently conducted studies explain the science behind a product or service emphasize that the product is a financially wise choice anticipate and refute potential counterclaims Appeals to pathos, or emotion, use feelings rather than facts to persuade the audience. An ad that appeals to pathos might do one of the following: trigger a fear, such as the fear of embarrassment appeal to a desire, such as the desire to appear attractive link the product to a positive feeling, such as adventure, love, or luxury The ad appeals to ethos, or character, by referencing endorsements from trusted professionals.

ethos (character)

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Which i in row C?

social science

A grid is made up of lines of squares. They are organized in rows and columns. A grid can help you use a map. A row is a line of squares that goes from side to side. Rows are marked with letters. A column is a line of squares that goes up and down. Columns are marked with numbers.

The gas station is in row C.

A grid is made up of lines of squares. They are organized in rows and columns. A grid can help you use a map. A row is a line of squares that goes from side to side. Rows are marked with letters. A column is a line of squares that goes up and down. Columns are marked with numbers. The gas station is in row C.

the gas station

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Select the organism in the same species as the sand cat.

natural science

Scientists use scientific names to identify organisms. Scientific names are made of two words. The first word in an organism's scientific name tells you the organism's genus. A genus is a group of organisms that share many traits. A genus is made up of one or more species. A species is a group of very similar organisms. The second word in an organism's scientific name tells you its species within its genus. Together, the two parts of an organism's scientific name identify its species. For example Ursus maritimus and Ursus americanus are two species of bears. They are part of the same genus, Ursus. But they are different species within the genus. Ursus maritimus has the species name maritimus. Ursus americanus has the species name americanus. Both bears have small round ears and sharp claws. But Ursus maritimus has white fur and Ursus americanus has black fur.

A sand cat's scientific name is Felis margarita. Felis margarita has the same scientific name as a sand cat. So, these organisms are in the same species. Neofelis nebulosa does not have the same scientific name as a sand cat. So, Felis margarita and Neofelis nebulosa are not in the same species. Lynx canadensis does not have the same scientific name as a sand cat. So, Felis margarita and Lynx canadensis are not in the same species.

Scientists use scientific names to identify organisms. Scientific names are made of two words. The first word in an organism's scientific name tells you the organism's genus. A genus is a group of organisms that share many traits. A genus is made up of one or more species. A species is a group of very similar organisms. The second word in an organism's scientific name tells you its species within its genus. Together, the two parts of an organism's scientific name identify its species. For example Ursus maritimus and Ursus americanus are two species of bears. They are part of the same genus, Ursus. But they are different species within the genus. Ursus maritimus has the species name maritimus. Ursus americanus has the species name americanus. Both bears have small round ears and sharp claws. But Ursus maritimus has white fur and Ursus americanus has black fur. A sand cat's scientific name is Felis margarita. Felis margarita has the same scientific name as a sand cat. So, these organisms are in the same species. Neofelis nebulosa does not have the same scientific name as a sand cat. So, Felis margarita and Neofelis nebulosa are not in the same species. Lynx canadensis does not have the same scientific name as a sand cat. So, Felis margarita and Lynx canadensis are not in the same species.

Felis margarita

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Which of these states is farthest east?

social science

Maps have four cardinal directions, or main directions. Those directions are north, south, east, and west. A compass rose is a set of arrows that point to the cardinal directions. A compass rose usually shows only the first letter of each cardinal direction. The north arrow points to the North Pole. On most maps, north is at the top of the map.

To find the answer, look at the compass rose. Look at which way the east arrow is pointing. North Carolina is farthest east.

Maps have four cardinal directions, or main directions. Those directions are north, south, east, and west. A compass rose is a set of arrows that point to the cardinal directions. A compass rose usually shows only the first letter of each cardinal direction. The north arrow points to the North Pole. On most maps, north is at the top of the map. To find the answer, look at the compass rose. Look at which way the east arrow is pointing. North Carolina is farthest east.

North Carolina

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Which continent is highlighted?

social science

A continent is one of the major land masses on the earth. Most people say there are seven continents.

This continent is Europe.

A continent is one of the major land masses on the earth. Most people say there are seven continents. This continent is Europe.

Europe

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Select the fish below.

natural science

Birds, mammals, fish, reptiles, and amphibians are groups of animals. Scientists sort animals into each group based on traits they have in common. This process is called classification. Classification helps scientists learn about how animals live. Classification also helps scientists compare similar animals.

A Hermann's tortoise is a reptile. It has scaly, waterproof skin. A tortoise's shell protects it from predators. When a tortoise feels threatened, it can pull its head and legs inside its shell. A green iguana is a reptile. It has scaly, waterproof skin. Iguanas are a type of lizard. Iguanas eat plants and fruit. A whale shark is a fish. It lives underwater. It has fins, not limbs. Whale sharks are the largest fish in the world! Adult whale sharks can weigh over 21 tons—as much as seven elephants! An ostrich is a bird. It has feathers, two wings, and a beak. The ostrich is the largest bird alive today. Ostriches cannot fly, but they can run very fast.

Birds, mammals, fish, reptiles, and amphibians are groups of animals. Scientists sort animals into each group based on traits they have in common. This process is called classification. Classification helps scientists learn about how animals live. Classification also helps scientists compare similar animals. A Hermann's tortoise is a reptile. It has scaly, waterproof skin. A tortoise's shell protects it from predators. When a tortoise feels threatened, it can pull its head and legs inside its shell. A green iguana is a reptile. It has scaly, waterproof skin. Iguanas are a type of lizard. Iguanas eat plants and fruit. A whale shark is a fish. It lives underwater. It has fins, not limbs. Whale sharks are the largest fish in the world! Adult whale sharks can weigh over 21 tons—as much as seven elephants! An ostrich is a bird. It has feathers, two wings, and a beak. The ostrich is the largest bird alive today. Ostriches cannot fly, but they can run very fast.

whale shark

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Will these magnets attract or repel each other?

natural science

Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. Whether a magnet attracts or repels other magnets depends on the positions of its poles, or ends. Every magnet has two poles: north and south. Here are some examples of magnets. The north pole of each magnet is labeled N, and the south pole is labeled S. If opposite poles are closest to each other, the magnets attract. The magnets in the pair below attract. If the same, or like, poles are closest to each other, the magnets repel. The magnets in both pairs below repel.

To predict if these magnets will attract or repel, look at which poles are closest to each other. The north pole of one magnet is closest to the north pole of the other magnet. Like poles repel. So, these magnets will repel each other.

Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. Whether a magnet attracts or repels other magnets depends on the positions of its poles, or ends. Every magnet has two poles: north and south. Here are some examples of magnets. The north pole of each magnet is labeled N, and the south pole is labeled S. If opposite poles are closest to each other, the magnets attract. The magnets in the pair below attract. If the same, or like, poles are closest to each other, the magnets repel. The magnets in both pairs below repel. To predict if these magnets will attract or repel, look at which poles are closest to each other. The north pole of one magnet is closest to the north pole of the other magnet. Like poles repel. So, these magnets will repel each other.

repel

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Which statement best describes the average monthly precipitation in New Orleans?

natural science

Scientists record climate data from places around the world. Precipitation, or rain and snow, is one type of climate data. A bar graph can be used to show the average amount of precipitation each month. Months with taller bars have more precipitation on average.

To describe the average precipitation trends in New Orleans, look at the graph. Choice "Feb" is incorrect. Choice "Jun" is incorrect. Choice "Jul" is incorrect. Choice "Aug" is incorrect. Choice "Oct" is incorrect. Choice "The wettest months of the year are June, July, and August." is incorrect. On average, more precipitation falls during June, July, and August than during other months of the year. So, June, July, and August are the wettest months. Choice "February is wetter than June." is incorrect. February has a lower average precipitation than June. So, February is drier, not wetter, than June. Choice "October is the wettest month." is incorrect. Every other month has a higher average precipitation than October. So, October is the driest, not the wettest, month.

Scientists record climate data from places around the world. Precipitation, or rain and snow, is one type of climate data. A bar graph can be used to show the average amount of precipitation each month. Months with taller bars have more precipitation on average. To describe the average precipitation trends in New Orleans, look at the graph. Choice "Feb" is incorrect. Choice "Jun" is incorrect. Choice "Jul" is incorrect. Choice "Aug" is incorrect. Choice "Oct" is incorrect. Choice "The wettest months of the year are June, July, and August." is incorrect. On average, more precipitation falls during June, July, and August than during other months of the year. So, June, July, and August are the wettest months. Choice "February is wetter than June." is incorrect. February has a lower average precipitation than June. So, February is drier, not wetter, than June. Choice "October is the wettest month." is incorrect. Every other month has a higher average precipitation than October. So, October is the driest, not the wettest, month.

The wettest months of the year are June, July, and August.

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Select the organism in the same species as the Grevy's zebra.

natural science

Scientists use scientific names to identify organisms. Scientific names are made of two words. The first word in an organism's scientific name tells you the organism's genus. A genus is a group of organisms that share many traits. A genus is made up of one or more species. A species is a group of very similar organisms. The second word in an organism's scientific name tells you its species within its genus. Together, the two parts of an organism's scientific name identify its species. For example Ursus maritimus and Ursus americanus are two species of bears. They are part of the same genus, Ursus. But they are different species within the genus. Ursus maritimus has the species name maritimus. Ursus americanus has the species name americanus. Both bears have small round ears and sharp claws. But Ursus maritimus has white fur and Ursus americanus has black fur.

A Grevy's zebra's scientific name is Equus grevyi. Cervus canadensis does not have the same scientific name as a Grevy's zebra. So, Equus grevyi and Cervus canadensis are not in the same species. Macropus rufus does not have the same scientific name as a Grevy's zebra. So, Equus grevyi and Macropus rufus are not in the same species. Equus grevyi has the same scientific name as a Grevy's zebra. So, these organisms are in the same species.

Scientists use scientific names to identify organisms. Scientific names are made of two words. The first word in an organism's scientific name tells you the organism's genus. A genus is a group of organisms that share many traits. A genus is made up of one or more species. A species is a group of very similar organisms. The second word in an organism's scientific name tells you its species within its genus. Together, the two parts of an organism's scientific name identify its species. For example Ursus maritimus and Ursus americanus are two species of bears. They are part of the same genus, Ursus. But they are different species within the genus. Ursus maritimus has the species name maritimus. Ursus americanus has the species name americanus. Both bears have small round ears and sharp claws. But Ursus maritimus has white fur and Ursus americanus has black fur. A Grevy's zebra's scientific name is Equus grevyi. Cervus canadensis does not have the same scientific name as a Grevy's zebra. So, Equus grevyi and Cervus canadensis are not in the same species. Macropus rufus does not have the same scientific name as a Grevy's zebra. So, Equus grevyi and Macropus rufus are not in the same species. Equus grevyi has the same scientific name as a Grevy's zebra. So, these organisms are in the same species.

Equus grevyi

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Which is this organism's scientific name?

natural science

An organism's common name is the name that people normally call the organism. Common names often contain words you know. An organism's scientific name is the name scientists use to identify the organism. Scientific names often contain words that are not used in everyday English. Scientific names are written in italics, but common names are usually not. The first word of the scientific name is capitalized, and the second word is not. For example, the common name of the animal below is giant panda. Its scientific name is Ailuropoda melanoleuca.

Crocodylus acutus is written in italics. The first word is capitalized, and the second word is not. So, Crocodylus acutus is the scientific name.

An organism's common name is the name that people normally call the organism. Common names often contain words you know. An organism's scientific name is the name scientists use to identify the organism. Scientific names often contain words that are not used in everyday English. Scientific names are written in italics, but common names are usually not. The first word of the scientific name is capitalized, and the second word is not. For example, the common name of the animal below is giant panda. Its scientific name is Ailuropoda melanoleuca. Crocodylus acutus is written in italics. The first word is capitalized, and the second word is not. So, Crocodylus acutus is the scientific name.

Crocodylus acutus

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Which better describes the Belize Barrier Reef ecosystem?

natural science

An ecosystem is formed when living and nonliving things interact in an environment. There are many types of ecosystems. Here are some ways in which ecosystems can differ from each other: the pattern of weather, or climate the type of soil or water the organisms that live there

A tropical coral reef is a type of ecosystem. Tropical coral reefs have the following features: shallow, salty water, bright sunlight, and many different types of organisms. So, the Belize Barrier Reef has bright sunlight. It also has shallow water.

An ecosystem is formed when living and nonliving things interact in an environment. There are many types of ecosystems. Here are some ways in which ecosystems can differ from each other: the pattern of weather, or climate the type of soil or water the organisms that live there A tropical coral reef is a type of ecosystem. Tropical coral reefs have the following features: shallow, salty water, bright sunlight, and many different types of organisms. So, the Belize Barrier Reef has bright sunlight. It also has shallow water.

It has bright sunlight. It also has shallow water.

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Which solution has a higher concentration of pink particles?

natural science

A solution is made up of two or more substances that are completely mixed. In a solution, solute particles are mixed into a solvent. The solute cannot be separated from the solvent by a filter. For example, if you stir a spoonful of salt into a cup of water, the salt will mix into the water to make a saltwater solution. In this case, the salt is the solute. The water is the solvent. The concentration of a solute in a solution is a measure of the ratio of solute to solvent. Concentration can be described in terms of particles of solute per volume of solvent. concentration = particles of solute / volume of solvent

In Solution A and Solution B, the pink particles represent the solute. To figure out which solution has a higher concentration of pink particles, look at both the number of pink particles and the volume of the solvent in each container. Use the concentration formula to find the number of pink particles per milliliter. Solution A and Solution B have the same number of pink particles per milliliter. So, their concentrations are the same.

A solution is made up of two or more substances that are completely mixed. In a solution, solute particles are mixed into a solvent. The solute cannot be separated from the solvent by a filter. For example, if you stir a spoonful of salt into a cup of water, the salt will mix into the water to make a saltwater solution. In this case, the salt is the solute. The water is the solvent. The concentration of a solute in a solution is a measure of the ratio of solute to solvent. Concentration can be described in terms of particles of solute per volume of solvent. concentration = particles of solute / volume of solvent In Solution A and Solution B, the pink particles represent the solute. To figure out which solution has a higher concentration of pink particles, look at both the number of pink particles and the volume of the solvent in each container. Use the concentration formula to find the number of pink particles per milliliter. Solution A and Solution B have the same number of pink particles per milliliter. So, their concentrations are the same.

neither; their concentrations are the same

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Select the mammal below.

natural science

Birds, mammals, fish, reptiles, and amphibians are groups of animals. The animals in each group have traits in common. Scientists sort animals into groups based on traits they have in common. This process is called classification.

A human is a mammal. It has hair and feeds its young milk. Humans are a type of animal called a primate. Monkeys and apes are also primates. A griffon vulture is a bird. It has feathers, two wings, and a beak. Vultures do not usually hunt live animals. They eat animals that are already dead! This behavior is called scavenging.

Birds, mammals, fish, reptiles, and amphibians are groups of animals. The animals in each group have traits in common. Scientists sort animals into groups based on traits they have in common. This process is called classification. A human is a mammal. It has hair and feeds its young milk. Humans are a type of animal called a primate. Monkeys and apes are also primates. A griffon vulture is a bird. It has feathers, two wings, and a beak. Vultures do not usually hunt live animals. They eat animals that are already dead! This behavior is called scavenging.

human

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Which continent is highlighted?

social science

A continent is one of the major land masses on the earth. Most people say there are seven continents.

This continent is Africa.

A continent is one of the major land masses on the earth. Most people say there are seven continents. This continent is Africa.

Africa

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Select the fish below.

natural science

Birds, mammals, fish, reptiles, and amphibians are groups of animals. Scientists sort animals into each group based on traits they have in common. This process is called classification. Classification helps scientists learn about how animals live. Classification also helps scientists compare similar animals.

An emerald tree boa is a reptile. It has scaly, waterproof skin. Tree boas eat small mammals, birds, lizards, and frogs. Tree boas only need to eat once every few months! A tortoise is a reptile. It has scaly, waterproof skin. A tortoise's shell protects it from predators. When a tortoise feels threatened, it can pull its head and legs inside its shell. An African bullfrog is an amphibian. It has moist skin and begins its life in water. Frogs live near water or in damp places. Most frogs lay their eggs in water. A whale shark is a fish. It lives underwater. It has fins, not limbs. Whale sharks are the largest fish in the world! Adult whale sharks can weigh over 21 tons—as much as seven elephants!

Birds, mammals, fish, reptiles, and amphibians are groups of animals. Scientists sort animals into each group based on traits they have in common. This process is called classification. Classification helps scientists learn about how animals live. Classification also helps scientists compare similar animals. An emerald tree boa is a reptile. It has scaly, waterproof skin. Tree boas eat small mammals, birds, lizards, and frogs. Tree boas only need to eat once every few months! A tortoise is a reptile. It has scaly, waterproof skin. A tortoise's shell protects it from predators. When a tortoise feels threatened, it can pull its head and legs inside its shell. An African bullfrog is an amphibian. It has moist skin and begins its life in water. Frogs live near water or in damp places. Most frogs lay their eggs in water. A whale shark is a fish. It lives underwater. It has fins, not limbs. Whale sharks are the largest fish in the world! Adult whale sharks can weigh over 21 tons—as much as seven elephants!

whale shark

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Select the organism in the same species as the great gray owl.

natural science

Scientists use scientific names to identify organisms. Scientific names are made of two words. The first word in an organism's scientific name tells you the organism's genus. A genus is a group of organisms that share many traits. A genus is made up of one or more species. A species is a group of very similar organisms. The second word in an organism's scientific name tells you its species within its genus. Together, the two parts of an organism's scientific name identify its species. For example Ursus maritimus and Ursus americanus are two species of bears. They are part of the same genus, Ursus. But they are different species within the genus. Ursus maritimus has the species name maritimus. Ursus americanus has the species name americanus. Both bears have small round ears and sharp claws. But Ursus maritimus has white fur and Ursus americanus has black fur.

A great gray owl's scientific name is Strix nebulosa. Goura scheepmakeri does not have the same scientific name as a great gray owl. So, Strix nebulosa and Goura scheepmakeri are not in the same species. Strix nebulosa has the same scientific name as a great gray owl. So, these organisms are in the same species. Goura victoria does not have the same scientific name as a great gray owl. So, Strix nebulosa and Goura victoria are not in the same species.

Scientists use scientific names to identify organisms. Scientific names are made of two words. The first word in an organism's scientific name tells you the organism's genus. A genus is a group of organisms that share many traits. A genus is made up of one or more species. A species is a group of very similar organisms. The second word in an organism's scientific name tells you its species within its genus. Together, the two parts of an organism's scientific name identify its species. For example Ursus maritimus and Ursus americanus are two species of bears. They are part of the same genus, Ursus. But they are different species within the genus. Ursus maritimus has the species name maritimus. Ursus americanus has the species name americanus. Both bears have small round ears and sharp claws. But Ursus maritimus has white fur and Ursus americanus has black fur. A great gray owl's scientific name is Strix nebulosa. Goura scheepmakeri does not have the same scientific name as a great gray owl. So, Strix nebulosa and Goura scheepmakeri are not in the same species. Strix nebulosa has the same scientific name as a great gray owl. So, these organisms are in the same species. Goura victoria does not have the same scientific name as a great gray owl. So, Strix nebulosa and Goura victoria are not in the same species.

Strix nebulosa

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Think about the magnetic force between the magnets in each pair. Which of the following statements is true?

natural science

Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces. The stronger the magnetic force between two magnets, the more strongly the magnets attract or repel each other. You can change the strength of a magnetic force between two magnets by changing the distance between them. The magnetic force is weaker when the magnets are farther apart.

Distance affects the strength of the magnetic force. When magnets are farther apart, the magnetic force between them is weaker. The magnets in Pair 2 are farther apart than the magnets in Pair 1. So, the magnetic force is weaker in Pair 2 than in Pair 1.

Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces. The stronger the magnetic force between two magnets, the more strongly the magnets attract or repel each other. You can change the strength of a magnetic force between two magnets by changing the distance between them. The magnetic force is weaker when the magnets are farther apart. Distance affects the strength of the magnetic force. When magnets are farther apart, the magnetic force between them is weaker. The magnets in Pair 2 are farther apart than the magnets in Pair 1. So, the magnetic force is weaker in Pair 2 than in Pair 1.

The magnetic force is weaker in Pair 2.

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In this food web, which organism contains matter that eventually moves to the parasol fungus?

natural science

A food web is a model. A food web shows where organisms in an ecosystem get their food. Models can make things in nature easier to understand because models can represent complex things in a simpler way. If a food web showed every organism in an ecosystem, the food web would be hard to understand. So, each food web shows how some organisms in an ecosystem can get their food. Arrows show how matter moves. A food web has arrows that point from one organism to another. Each arrow shows the direction that matter moves when one organism eats another organism. An arrow starts from the organism that is eaten. The arrow points to the organism that is doing the eating. An organism in a food web can have more than one arrow pointing from it. This shows that the organism is eaten by more than one other organism in the food web. An organism in a food web can also have more than one arrow pointing to it. This shows that the organism eats more than one other organism in the food web.

Use the arrows to follow how matter moves through this food web. For each answer choice, try to find a path of arrows to the parasol fungus. There are two arrows pointing from the gray fox to other organisms. One arrow points to the bobcat. The only arrow pointing from the bobcat leads to the bolete fungus. The other arrow pointing from the gray fox leads to the bolete fungus. No arrows point from the bolete fungus to any other organisms. So, in this food web, matter does not move from the gray fox to the parasol fungus. The only arrow pointing from the black racer leads to the bolete fungus. No arrows point from the bolete fungus to any other organisms. So, in this food web, matter does not move from the black racer to the parasol fungus.There is one path matter can take from the black bear to the parasol fungus: black bear->parasol fungus. There are two paths matter can take from the swallowtail caterpillar to the parasol fungus: swallowtail caterpillar->pine vole->parasol fungus. swallowtail caterpillar->black bear->parasol fungus. bobcat. The only arrow pointing from the bobcat leads to the bolete fungus. No arrows point from the bolete fungus to any other organisms. So, in this food web, matter does not move from the bobcat to the parasol fungus..

A food web is a model. A food web shows where organisms in an ecosystem get their food. Models can make things in nature easier to understand because models can represent complex things in a simpler way. If a food web showed every organism in an ecosystem, the food web would be hard to understand. So, each food web shows how some organisms in an ecosystem can get their food. Arrows show how matter moves. A food web has arrows that point from one organism to another. Each arrow shows the direction that matter moves when one organism eats another organism. An arrow starts from the organism that is eaten. The arrow points to the organism that is doing the eating. An organism in a food web can have more than one arrow pointing from it. This shows that the organism is eaten by more than one other organism in the food web. An organism in a food web can also have more than one arrow pointing to it. This shows that the organism eats more than one other organism in the food web. Use the arrows to follow how matter moves through this food web. For each answer choice, try to find a path of arrows to the parasol fungus. There are two arrows pointing from the gray fox to other organisms. One arrow points to the bobcat. The only arrow pointing from the bobcat leads to the bolete fungus. The other arrow pointing from the gray fox leads to the bolete fungus. No arrows point from the bolete fungus to any other organisms. So, in this food web, matter does not move from the gray fox to the parasol fungus. The only arrow pointing from the black racer leads to the bolete fungus. No arrows point from the bolete fungus to any other organisms. So, in this food web, matter does not move from the black racer to the parasol fungus.There is one path matter can take from the black bear to the parasol fungus: black bear->parasol fungus. There are two paths matter can take from the swallowtail caterpillar to the parasol fungus: swallowtail caterpillar->pine vole->parasol fungus. swallowtail caterpillar->black bear->parasol fungus. bobcat. The only arrow pointing from the bobcat leads to the bolete fungus. No arrows point from the bolete fungus to any other organisms. So, in this food web, matter does not move from the bobcat to the parasol fungus..

black bear

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Will these magnets attract or repel each other?

natural science

Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. Whether a magnet attracts or repels other magnets depends on the positions of its poles, or ends. Every magnet has two poles, called north and south. Here are some examples of magnets. The north pole of each magnet is marked N, and the south pole is marked S. If different poles are closest to each other, the magnets attract. The magnets in the pair below attract. If the same poles are closest to each other, the magnets repel. The magnets in both pairs below repel.

Will these magnets attract or repel? To find out, look at which poles are closest to each other. The south pole of one magnet is closest to the north pole of the other magnet. Poles that are different attract. So, these magnets will attract each other.

Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. Whether a magnet attracts or repels other magnets depends on the positions of its poles, or ends. Every magnet has two poles, called north and south. Here are some examples of magnets. The north pole of each magnet is marked N, and the south pole is marked S. If different poles are closest to each other, the magnets attract. The magnets in the pair below attract. If the same poles are closest to each other, the magnets repel. The magnets in both pairs below repel. Will these magnets attract or repel? To find out, look at which poles are closest to each other. The south pole of one magnet is closest to the north pole of the other magnet. Poles that are different attract. So, these magnets will attract each other.

attract

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Is the following statement about our solar system true or false? The largest planet is made mainly of ice.

natural science

A planet's volume tells you the size of the planet. The primary composition of a planet is what the planet is made mainly of. In our solar system, planets are made mainly of rock, gas, or ice.

The table tells you that Jupiter is the largest planet and that Jupiter is made mainly of gas. So, the largest planet is made mainly of gas.

A planet's volume tells you the size of the planet. The primary composition of a planet is what the planet is made mainly of. In our solar system, planets are made mainly of rock, gas, or ice. The table tells you that Jupiter is the largest planet and that Jupiter is made mainly of gas. So, the largest planet is made mainly of gas.

false

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Can Pleopeltis polypodioides cells make their own food?

natural science

In the past, scientists classified living organisms into two groups: plants and animals. Over the past 300 years, scientists have discovered many more types of organisms. Today, many scientists classify organisms into six broad groups, called kingdoms. Organisms in each kingdom have specific traits. The table below shows some traits used to describe each kingdom. | Bacteria | Archaea | Protists | Fungi | Animals | Plants How many cells do they have? | one | one | one or many | one or many | many | many Do their cells have a nucleus? | no | no | yes | yes | yes | yes Can their cells make food? | some species can | some species can | some species can | no | no | yes

Pleopeltis polypodioides is a plant. Plant cells can make their own food. Plant cells make food using photosynthesis.

In the past, scientists classified living organisms into two groups: plants and animals. Over the past 300 years, scientists have discovered many more types of organisms. Today, many scientists classify organisms into six broad groups, called kingdoms. Organisms in each kingdom have specific traits. The table below shows some traits used to describe each kingdom. | Bacteria | Archaea | Protists | Fungi | Animals | Plants How many cells do they have? | one | one | one or many | one or many | many | many Do their cells have a nucleus? | no | no | yes | yes | yes | yes Can their cells make food? | some species can | some species can | some species can | no | no | yes Pleopeltis polypodioides is a plant. Plant cells can make their own food. Plant cells make food using photosynthesis.

yes

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Is the following statement about our solar system true or false? The volume of Uranus is less than ten times the volume of Neptune.

natural science

A planet's volume tells you the size of the planet. The primary composition of a planet is what the planet is made mainly of. In our solar system, planets are made mainly of rock, gas, or ice. The volume of a planet is a very large quantity. Large quantities such as this are often written in scientific notation. For example, the volume of Jupiter is 1,430,000,000,000,000 km^3. In scientific notation, Jupiter's volume is written as 1.43 x 10^15 km^3. To compare two numbers written in scientific notation, first compare their exponents. The bigger the exponent is, the bigger the number is. For example: 1.43 x 10^15 is larger than 1.43 x 10^12 If their exponents are equal, compare the first numbers. For example: 1.43 x 10^15 is larger than 1.25 x 10^15 To multiply a number written in scientific notation by a power of 10, write the multiple of 10 as 10 raised to an exponent. Then, add the exponents. For example: 1.43 x 10^15 · 1000 = 1.43 x 10^15 · 10^3 = 1.43 x 10^(15 + 3) = 1.43 x 10^18

To determine if this statement is true, calculate the value of ten times the volume of Neptune. Then compare the result to the volume of Uranus. The volume of Uranus is 6.83 x 10^13 km^3, which is less than 6.25 x 10^14 km^3. So, the volume of Uranus is less than ten times the volume of Neptune.

A planet's volume tells you the size of the planet. The primary composition of a planet is what the planet is made mainly of. In our solar system, planets are made mainly of rock, gas, or ice. The volume of a planet is a very large quantity. Large quantities such as this are often written in scientific notation. For example, the volume of Jupiter is 1,430,000,000,000,000 km^3. In scientific notation, Jupiter's volume is written as 1.43 x 10^15 km^3. To compare two numbers written in scientific notation, first compare their exponents. The bigger the exponent is, the bigger the number is. For example: 1.43 x 10^15 is larger than 1.43 x 10^12 If their exponents are equal, compare the first numbers. For example: 1.43 x 10^15 is larger than 1.25 x 10^15 To multiply a number written in scientific notation by a power of 10, write the multiple of 10 as 10 raised to an exponent. Then, add the exponents. For example: 1.43 x 10^15 · 1000 = 1.43 x 10^15 · 10^3 = 1.43 x 10^(15 + 3) = 1.43 x 10^18 To determine if this statement is true, calculate the value of ten times the volume of Neptune. Then compare the result to the volume of Uranus. The volume of Uranus is 6.83 x 10^13 km^3, which is less than 6.25 x 10^14 km^3. So, the volume of Uranus is less than ten times the volume of Neptune.

true

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What is the European hedgehog's scientific name?

natural science

When a scientist identifies a new organism, he or she chooses its scientific name. Sometimes, an organism is named after the place where it was first found. Other times, an organism is named after the scientist who first identified it. Or, the scientific name might describe the organism's physical traits. Many of the words that make up scientific names are based on words from old languages, like Latin and classical Greek. Sometimes, English words are changed to make them sound more like Latin or Greek. The new words are then used in an organism's scientific name.

This organism's scientific name refers to Europe, the continent it lives on. The word europaeus refers to Europe. So, the European hedgehog's scientific name is Erinaceus europaeus.

When a scientist identifies a new organism, he or she chooses its scientific name. Sometimes, an organism is named after the place where it was first found. Other times, an organism is named after the scientist who first identified it. Or, the scientific name might describe the organism's physical traits. Many of the words that make up scientific names are based on words from old languages, like Latin and classical Greek. Sometimes, English words are changed to make them sound more like Latin or Greek. The new words are then used in an organism's scientific name. This organism's scientific name refers to Europe, the continent it lives on. The word europaeus refers to Europe. So, the European hedgehog's scientific name is Erinaceus europaeus.

Erinaceus europaeus

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Which of these states is farthest west?

social science

Maps have four cardinal directions, or main directions. Those directions are north, south, east, and west. A compass rose is a set of arrows that point to the cardinal directions. A compass rose usually shows only the first letter of each cardinal direction. The north arrow points to the North Pole. On most maps, north is at the top of the map.

To find the answer, look at the compass rose. Look at which way the west arrow is pointing. Kentucky is farthest west.

Maps have four cardinal directions, or main directions. Those directions are north, south, east, and west. A compass rose is a set of arrows that point to the cardinal directions. A compass rose usually shows only the first letter of each cardinal direction. The north arrow points to the North Pole. On most maps, north is at the top of the map. To find the answer, look at the compass rose. Look at which way the west arrow is pointing. Kentucky is farthest west.

Kentucky

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Select the organism in the same genus as the American kestrel.

natural science

Scientists use scientific names to identify organisms. Scientific names are made of two words. The first word in an organism's scientific name tells you the organism's genus. A genus is a group of organisms that share many traits. A genus is made up of one or more species. A species is a group of very similar organisms. The second word in an organism's scientific name tells you its species within its genus. Together, the two parts of an organism's scientific name identify its species. For example Ursus maritimus and Ursus americanus are two species of bears. They are part of the same genus, Ursus. But they are different species within the genus. Ursus maritimus has the species name maritimus. Ursus americanus has the species name americanus. Both bears have small round ears and sharp claws. But Ursus maritimus has white fur and Ursus americanus has black fur.

An American kestrel's scientific name is Falco sparverius. The first word of its scientific name is Falco. Ardea cinerea is in the genus Ardea. The first word of its scientific name is Ardea. So, Ardea cinerea and Falco sparverius are not in the same genus. Ardea herodias is in the genus Ardea. The first word of its scientific name is Ardea. So, Ardea herodias and Falco sparverius are not in the same genus. Falco tinnunculus is in the genus Falco. The first word of its scientific name is Falco. So, Falco tinnunculus and Falco sparverius are in the same genus.

Scientists use scientific names to identify organisms. Scientific names are made of two words. The first word in an organism's scientific name tells you the organism's genus. A genus is a group of organisms that share many traits. A genus is made up of one or more species. A species is a group of very similar organisms. The second word in an organism's scientific name tells you its species within its genus. Together, the two parts of an organism's scientific name identify its species. For example Ursus maritimus and Ursus americanus are two species of bears. They are part of the same genus, Ursus. But they are different species within the genus. Ursus maritimus has the species name maritimus. Ursus americanus has the species name americanus. Both bears have small round ears and sharp claws. But Ursus maritimus has white fur and Ursus americanus has black fur. An American kestrel's scientific name is Falco sparverius. The first word of its scientific name is Falco. Ardea cinerea is in the genus Ardea. The first word of its scientific name is Ardea. So, Ardea cinerea and Falco sparverius are not in the same genus. Ardea herodias is in the genus Ardea. The first word of its scientific name is Ardea. So, Ardea herodias and Falco sparverius are not in the same genus. Falco tinnunculus is in the genus Falco. The first word of its scientific name is Falco. So, Falco tinnunculus and Falco sparverius are in the same genus.

Falco tinnunculus

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Which of the following organisms is the secondary consumer in this food web?

natural science

A food web is a model. A food web shows where organisms in an ecosystem get their food. Models can make things in nature easier to understand because models can represent complex things in a simpler way. If a food web showed every organism in an ecosystem, the food web would be hard to understand. So, each food web shows how some organisms in an ecosystem can get their food. Arrows show how matter moves. A food web has arrows that point from one organism to another. Each arrow shows the direction that matter moves when one organism eats another organism. An arrow starts from the organism that is eaten. The arrow points to the organism that is doing the eating. An organism in a food web can have more than one arrow pointing from it. This shows that the organism is eaten by more than one other organism in the food web. An organism in a food web can also have more than one arrow pointing to it. This shows that the organism eats more than one other organism in the food web.

Secondary consumers eat primary consumers, and primary consumers eat producers. So, in a food web, secondary consumers have arrows pointing to them from primary consumers. Primary consumers have arrows pointing to them from producers. The black crappie has arrows pointing to it from the water flea and the rotifer. The water flea are the rotifer are both primary consumers, so the black crappie is a secondary consumer. The copepod has an arrow pointing to it from the rotifer. The rotifer is a primary consumer, so the copepod is a secondary consumer. The golden algae does not have any arrows pointing to it, so it is not a secondary consumer. The green algae does not have any arrows pointing to it, so it is not a secondary consumer.

A food web is a model. A food web shows where organisms in an ecosystem get their food. Models can make things in nature easier to understand because models can represent complex things in a simpler way. If a food web showed every organism in an ecosystem, the food web would be hard to understand. So, each food web shows how some organisms in an ecosystem can get their food. Arrows show how matter moves. A food web has arrows that point from one organism to another. Each arrow shows the direction that matter moves when one organism eats another organism. An arrow starts from the organism that is eaten. The arrow points to the organism that is doing the eating. An organism in a food web can have more than one arrow pointing from it. This shows that the organism is eaten by more than one other organism in the food web. An organism in a food web can also have more than one arrow pointing to it. This shows that the organism eats more than one other organism in the food web. Secondary consumers eat primary consumers, and primary consumers eat producers. So, in a food web, secondary consumers have arrows pointing to them from primary consumers. Primary consumers have arrows pointing to them from producers. The black crappie has arrows pointing to it from the water flea and the rotifer. The water flea are the rotifer are both primary consumers, so the black crappie is a secondary consumer. The copepod has an arrow pointing to it from the rotifer. The rotifer is a primary consumer, so the copepod is a secondary consumer. The golden algae does not have any arrows pointing to it, so it is not a secondary consumer. The green algae does not have any arrows pointing to it, so it is not a secondary consumer.

black crappie

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validation_images/image_466.png

Which animal is also adapted to be camouflaged among dead leaves?

natural science

An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors. The color, texture, and covering of an animal's skin are examples of adaptations. Animals' skins can be adapted in different ways. For example, skin with thick fur might help an animal stay warm. Skin with sharp spines might help an animal defend itself against predators.

Look at the picture of the fantastic leaf-tailed gecko. The fantastic leaf-tailed gecko has reddish-brown skin and a leaf-shaped tail. It is adapted to be camouflaged among dead leaves, which often have a reddish or brownish color. The word camouflage means to blend in. Now look at each animal. Figure out which animal has a similar adaptation. The Surinam horned frog has orange-and-brown skin. It is adapted to be camouflaged among dead leaves, which often have a reddish or brownish color. This Arctic wolf has white fur covering its body. It is not adapted to be camouflaged among dead leaves.

An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors. The color, texture, and covering of an animal's skin are examples of adaptations. Animals' skins can be adapted in different ways. For example, skin with thick fur might help an animal stay warm. Skin with sharp spines might help an animal defend itself against predators. Look at the picture of the fantastic leaf-tailed gecko. The fantastic leaf-tailed gecko has reddish-brown skin and a leaf-shaped tail. It is adapted to be camouflaged among dead leaves, which often have a reddish or brownish color. The word camouflage means to blend in. Now look at each animal. Figure out which animal has a similar adaptation. The Surinam horned frog has orange-and-brown skin. It is adapted to be camouflaged among dead leaves, which often have a reddish or brownish color. This Arctic wolf has white fur covering its body. It is not adapted to be camouflaged among dead leaves.

Surinam horned frog

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Which property do these three objects have in common?

natural science

An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Properties can also tell you how an object will behave when something happens to it. Different objects can have properties in common. You can use these properties to put objects into groups.

Look at each object. For each object, decide if it has that property. A scratchy object is rough and itchy against your skin. The rain boots and the flower petals are not scratchy. Yellow is a color. This color is yellow. All three objects are yellow. A rough object feels scratchy when you touch it. The rain boots and the flower petals are not rough. The property that all three objects have in common is yellow.

An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Properties can also tell you how an object will behave when something happens to it. Different objects can have properties in common. You can use these properties to put objects into groups. Look at each object. For each object, decide if it has that property. A scratchy object is rough and itchy against your skin. The rain boots and the flower petals are not scratchy. Yellow is a color. This color is yellow. All three objects are yellow. A rough object feels scratchy when you touch it. The rain boots and the flower petals are not rough. The property that all three objects have in common is yellow.

yellow

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Think about the magnetic force between the magnets in each pair. Which of the following statements is true?

natural science

Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces. The strength of a force is called its magnitude. The greater the magnitude of the magnetic force between two magnets, the more strongly the magnets attract or repel each other. You can change the magnitude of a magnetic force between two magnets by using magnets of different sizes. The magnitude of the magnetic force is greater when the magnets are larger.

The magnets in Pair 2 attract. The magnets in Pair 1 repel. But whether the magnets attract or repel affects only the direction of the magnetic force. It does not affect the magnitude of the magnetic force. Magnet sizes affect the magnitude of the magnetic force. Imagine magnets that are the same shape and made of the same material. The larger the magnets, the greater the magnitude of the magnetic force between them. Magnet A is the same size in both pairs. But Magnet B is larger in Pair 1 than in Pair 2. So, the magnitude of the magnetic force is greater in Pair 1 than in Pair 2.

Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces. The strength of a force is called its magnitude. The greater the magnitude of the magnetic force between two magnets, the more strongly the magnets attract or repel each other. You can change the magnitude of a magnetic force between two magnets by using magnets of different sizes. The magnitude of the magnetic force is greater when the magnets are larger. The magnets in Pair 2 attract. The magnets in Pair 1 repel. But whether the magnets attract or repel affects only the direction of the magnetic force. It does not affect the magnitude of the magnetic force. Magnet sizes affect the magnitude of the magnetic force. Imagine magnets that are the same shape and made of the same material. The larger the magnets, the greater the magnitude of the magnetic force between them. Magnet A is the same size in both pairs. But Magnet B is larger in Pair 1 than in Pair 2. So, the magnitude of the magnetic force is greater in Pair 1 than in Pair 2.

The magnitude of the magnetic force is greater in Pair 1.

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Which animal's limbs are also adapted for climbing trees?

natural science

An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors. Arms, legs, flippers, and wings are different types of limbs. The type of limbs an animal has is an example of an adaptation. Animals' limbs can be adapted in different ways. For example, long legs might help an animal run fast. Flippers might help an animal swim. Wings might help an animal fly.

Look at the picture of the three-toed sloth. The three-toed sloth uses its long limbs to reach branches while climbing. It uses its fingers and toes to grab the branches. Now look at each animal. Figure out which animal has a similar adaptation. The chimpanzee has long, powerful limbs. Its limbs are adapted for climbing trees. The California sea lion has flippers. Its limbs are not adapted for climbing trees. The California sea lion uses its flippers to swim underwater.

An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors. Arms, legs, flippers, and wings are different types of limbs. The type of limbs an animal has is an example of an adaptation. Animals' limbs can be adapted in different ways. For example, long legs might help an animal run fast. Flippers might help an animal swim. Wings might help an animal fly. Look at the picture of the three-toed sloth. The three-toed sloth uses its long limbs to reach branches while climbing. It uses its fingers and toes to grab the branches. Now look at each animal. Figure out which animal has a similar adaptation. The chimpanzee has long, powerful limbs. Its limbs are adapted for climbing trees. The California sea lion has flippers. Its limbs are not adapted for climbing trees. The California sea lion uses its flippers to swim underwater.

chimpanzee

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Which air temperature was measured within the outlined area shown?

natural science

To study air masses, scientists can use maps that show conditions within Earth's atmosphere. For example, the map below uses color to show air temperatures. The map's legend tells you the temperature that each color represents. Colors on the left in the legend represent lower temperatures than colors on the right. For example, areas on the map that are the darkest shade of blue have a temperature from -25°C up to -20°C. Areas that are the next darkest shade of blue have a temperature from -20°C up to -15°C.

Look at the colors shown within the outlined area. Then, use the legend to determine which air temperatures those colors represent. 5°C. -7°C is within this range. 0°C and 2°C are outside of this range.

To study air masses, scientists can use maps that show conditions within Earth's atmosphere. For example, the map below uses color to show air temperatures. The map's legend tells you the temperature that each color represents. Colors on the left in the legend represent lower temperatures than colors on the right. For example, areas on the map that are the darkest shade of blue have a temperature from -25°C up to -20°C. Areas that are the next darkest shade of blue have a temperature from -20°C up to -15°C. Look at the colors shown within the outlined area. Then, use the legend to determine which air temperatures those colors represent. 5°C. -7°C is within this range. 0°C and 2°C are outside of this range.

-7°C

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Will these magnets attract or repel each other?

natural science

Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. Whether a magnet attracts or repels other magnets depends on the positions of its poles, or ends. Every magnet has two poles: north and south. Here are some examples of magnets. The north pole of each magnet is labeled N, and the south pole is labeled S. If opposite poles are closest to each other, the magnets attract. The magnets in the pair below attract. If the same, or like, poles are closest to each other, the magnets repel. The magnets in both pairs below repel.

To predict if these magnets will attract or repel, look at which poles are closest to each other. The south pole of one magnet is closest to the south pole of the other magnet. Like poles repel. So, these magnets will repel each other.

Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. Whether a magnet attracts or repels other magnets depends on the positions of its poles, or ends. Every magnet has two poles: north and south. Here are some examples of magnets. The north pole of each magnet is labeled N, and the south pole is labeled S. If opposite poles are closest to each other, the magnets attract. The magnets in the pair below attract. If the same, or like, poles are closest to each other, the magnets repel. The magnets in both pairs below repel. To predict if these magnets will attract or repel, look at which poles are closest to each other. The south pole of one magnet is closest to the south pole of the other magnet. Like poles repel. So, these magnets will repel each other.

repel

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Which continent is highlighted?

social science

A continent is one of the seven largest areas of land on earth.

This continent is North America.

A continent is one of the seven largest areas of land on earth. This continent is North America.

North America

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Think about the magnetic force between the magnets in each pair. Which of the following statements is true?

natural science

Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces. The strength of a force is called its magnitude. The greater the magnitude of the magnetic force between two magnets, the more strongly the magnets attract or repel each other. You can change the magnitude of a magnetic force between two magnets by using magnets of different sizes. The magnitude of the magnetic force is greater when the magnets are larger.

Magnet sizes affect the magnitude of the magnetic force. Imagine magnets that are the same shape and made of the same material. The larger the magnets, the greater the magnitude of the magnetic force between them. Magnet A is the same size in both pairs. But Magnet B is larger in Pair 1 than in Pair 2. So, the magnitude of the magnetic force is greater in Pair 1 than in Pair 2.

Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces. The strength of a force is called its magnitude. The greater the magnitude of the magnetic force between two magnets, the more strongly the magnets attract or repel each other. You can change the magnitude of a magnetic force between two magnets by using magnets of different sizes. The magnitude of the magnetic force is greater when the magnets are larger. Magnet sizes affect the magnitude of the magnetic force. Imagine magnets that are the same shape and made of the same material. The larger the magnets, the greater the magnitude of the magnetic force between them. Magnet A is the same size in both pairs. But Magnet B is larger in Pair 1 than in Pair 2. So, the magnitude of the magnetic force is greater in Pair 1 than in Pair 2.

The magnitude of the magnetic force is greater in Pair 1.

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What is the direction of this push?

natural science

A force is a push or a pull that one object applies to another. Every force has a direction. The direction of a push is away from the object that is pushing. The direction of a pull is toward the object that is pulling.

The student pushes the key. The direction of the push is away from her finger.

A force is a push or a pull that one object applies to another. Every force has a direction. The direction of a push is away from the object that is pushing. The direction of a pull is toward the object that is pulling. The student pushes the key. The direction of the push is away from her finger.

away from her finger

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Think about the magnetic force between the magnets in each pair. Which of the following statements is true?

natural science

Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces. The stronger the magnetic force between two magnets, the more strongly the magnets attract or repel each other. You can change the strength of a magnetic force between two magnets by changing the distance between them. The magnetic force is stronger when the magnets are closer together.

Distance affects the strength of the magnetic force. When magnets are closer together, the magnetic force between them is stronger. The magnets in Pair 1 are closer together than the magnets in Pair 2. So, the magnetic force is stronger in Pair 1 than in Pair 2.

Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces. The stronger the magnetic force between two magnets, the more strongly the magnets attract or repel each other. You can change the strength of a magnetic force between two magnets by changing the distance between them. The magnetic force is stronger when the magnets are closer together. Distance affects the strength of the magnetic force. When magnets are closer together, the magnetic force between them is stronger. The magnets in Pair 1 are closer together than the magnets in Pair 2. So, the magnetic force is stronger in Pair 1 than in Pair 2.

The magnetic force is stronger in Pair 1.

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Which property do these two objects have in common?

natural science

An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Different objects can have the same properties. You can use these properties to put objects into groups.

Look at each object. For each object, decide if it has that property. A hard object keeps its shape when you squeeze it. The binder is hard, but the soccer shorts are not. Blue is a color. This color is blue. Both objects are blue. The property that both objects have in common is blue.

An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Different objects can have the same properties. You can use these properties to put objects into groups. Look at each object. For each object, decide if it has that property. A hard object keeps its shape when you squeeze it. The binder is hard, but the soccer shorts are not. Blue is a color. This color is blue. Both objects are blue. The property that both objects have in common is blue.

blue

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Is the following statement about our solar system true or false? Earth is the largest planet that is made mainly of rock.

natural science

A planet's volume tells you the size of the planet. The primary composition of a planet is what the planet is made mainly of. In our solar system, planets are made mainly of rock, gas, or ice. The volume of a planet is a very large quantity. Large quantities such as this are often written in scientific notation. For example, the volume of Jupiter is 1,430,000,000,000,000 km^3. In scientific notation, Jupiter's volume is written as 1.43 x 10^15 km^3. To compare two numbers written in scientific notation, compare their exponents. The bigger the exponent is, the bigger the number is. For example: 1.43 x 10^15 is larger than 1.43 x 10^12 If their exponents are equal, compare the first numbers. For example: 1.43 x 10^15 is larger than 1.25 x 10^15

The table tells you that Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars are the planets made mainly of rock. Of these planets, Earth has the volume with the largest exponent. So, Earth is the largest planet that is made mainly of rock.

A planet's volume tells you the size of the planet. The primary composition of a planet is what the planet is made mainly of. In our solar system, planets are made mainly of rock, gas, or ice. The volume of a planet is a very large quantity. Large quantities such as this are often written in scientific notation. For example, the volume of Jupiter is 1,430,000,000,000,000 km^3. In scientific notation, Jupiter's volume is written as 1.43 x 10^15 km^3. To compare two numbers written in scientific notation, compare their exponents. The bigger the exponent is, the bigger the number is. For example: 1.43 x 10^15 is larger than 1.43 x 10^12 If their exponents are equal, compare the first numbers. For example: 1.43 x 10^15 is larger than 1.25 x 10^15 The table tells you that Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars are the planets made mainly of rock. Of these planets, Earth has the volume with the largest exponent. So, Earth is the largest planet that is made mainly of rock.

true

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Is Victoria amazonica made up of many cells?

natural science

In the past, scientists classified living organisms into two groups: plants and animals. Over the past 300 years, scientists have discovered many more types of organisms. Today, many scientists classify organisms into six broad groups, called kingdoms. Organisms in each kingdom have specific traits. The table below shows some traits used to describe each kingdom. | Bacteria | Archaea | Protists | Fungi | Animals | Plants How many cells do they have? | one | one | one or many | one or many | many | many Do their cells have a nucleus? | no | no | yes | yes | yes | yes Can their cells make food? | some species can | some species can | some species can | no | no | yes

Victoria amazonica is a plant. Plants are made up of many cells.

In the past, scientists classified living organisms into two groups: plants and animals. Over the past 300 years, scientists have discovered many more types of organisms. Today, many scientists classify organisms into six broad groups, called kingdoms. Organisms in each kingdom have specific traits. The table below shows some traits used to describe each kingdom. | Bacteria | Archaea | Protists | Fungi | Animals | Plants How many cells do they have? | one | one | one or many | one or many | many | many Do their cells have a nucleus? | no | no | yes | yes | yes | yes Can their cells make food? | some species can | some species can | some species can | no | no | yes Victoria amazonica is a plant. Plants are made up of many cells.

yes

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Will these magnets attract or repel each other?

natural science

Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. Whether a magnet attracts or repels other magnets depends on the positions of its poles, or ends. Every magnet has two poles, called north and south. Here are some examples of magnets. The north pole of each magnet is marked N, and the south pole is marked S. If different poles are closest to each other, the magnets attract. The magnets in the pair below attract. If the same poles are closest to each other, the magnets repel. The magnets in both pairs below repel.

Will these magnets attract or repel? To find out, look at which poles are closest to each other. The north pole of one magnet is closest to the north pole of the other magnet. Poles that are the same repel. So, these magnets will repel each other.

Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. Whether a magnet attracts or repels other magnets depends on the positions of its poles, or ends. Every magnet has two poles, called north and south. Here are some examples of magnets. The north pole of each magnet is marked N, and the south pole is marked S. If different poles are closest to each other, the magnets attract. The magnets in the pair below attract. If the same poles are closest to each other, the magnets repel. The magnets in both pairs below repel. Will these magnets attract or repel? To find out, look at which poles are closest to each other. The north pole of one magnet is closest to the north pole of the other magnet. Poles that are the same repel. So, these magnets will repel each other.

repel

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Does this passage describe the weather or the climate?

natural science

The atmosphere is the layer of air that surrounds Earth. Both weather and climate tell you about the atmosphere. Weather is what the atmosphere is like at a certain place and time. Weather can change quickly. For example, the temperature outside your house might get higher throughout the day. Climate is the pattern of weather in a certain place. For example, summer temperatures in New York are usually higher than winter temperatures.

Read the passage carefully. Chad is a country in northern Africa. Summers in Chad are hot. The underlined part of the passage tells you about the usual temperature pattern in Chad. This passage does not describe what the weather is like on a particular day. So, this passage describes the climate.

The atmosphere is the layer of air that surrounds Earth. Both weather and climate tell you about the atmosphere. Weather is what the atmosphere is like at a certain place and time. Weather can change quickly. For example, the temperature outside your house might get higher throughout the day. Climate is the pattern of weather in a certain place. For example, summer temperatures in New York are usually higher than winter temperatures. Read the passage carefully. Chad is a country in northern Africa. Summers in Chad are hot. The underlined part of the passage tells you about the usual temperature pattern in Chad. This passage does not describe what the weather is like on a particular day. So, this passage describes the climate.

climate

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Which solution has a higher concentration of green particles?

natural science

A solution is made up of two or more substances that are completely mixed. In a solution, solute particles are mixed into a solvent. The solute cannot be separated from the solvent by a filter. For example, if you stir a spoonful of salt into a cup of water, the salt will mix into the water to make a saltwater solution. In this case, the salt is the solute. The water is the solvent. The concentration of a solute in a solution is a measure of the ratio of solute to solvent. Concentration can be described in terms of particles of solute per volume of solvent. concentration = particles of solute / volume of solvent

In Solution A and Solution B, the green particles represent the solute. To figure out which solution has a higher concentration of green particles, look at both the number of green particles and the volume of the solvent in each container. Use the concentration formula to find the number of green particles per milliliter. Solution A has more green particles per milliliter. So, Solution A has a higher concentration of green particles.

A solution is made up of two or more substances that are completely mixed. In a solution, solute particles are mixed into a solvent. The solute cannot be separated from the solvent by a filter. For example, if you stir a spoonful of salt into a cup of water, the salt will mix into the water to make a saltwater solution. In this case, the salt is the solute. The water is the solvent. The concentration of a solute in a solution is a measure of the ratio of solute to solvent. Concentration can be described in terms of particles of solute per volume of solvent. concentration = particles of solute / volume of solvent In Solution A and Solution B, the green particles represent the solute. To figure out which solution has a higher concentration of green particles, look at both the number of green particles and the volume of the solvent in each container. Use the concentration formula to find the number of green particles per milliliter. Solution A has more green particles per milliliter. So, Solution A has a higher concentration of green particles.

Solution A

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How did the sediment deposited in this area change over time?

natural science

Material that is carried by wind, water, or ice is called sediment. Sediment may be deposited, or laid down, in places such as deserts and the ocean floor. Different types of sediment are deposited in different environments. For example, sand may be deposited in a desert, and mud may be deposited at the bottom of the ocean. The environment of an area can change over thousands of years. When the environment changes, the type of sediment that is deposited also changes. Over a long period of time, different layers of sediment can build up in the same area. These layers preserve a record of the environments that existed in that area in the past. As many layers of sediment build up, they can be pressed together to form layers of sedimentary rock. A series of rock layers is called a rock sequence. You can observe the layers of a rock sequence to learn more about how an area's environment changed over time.

The environment in the area changed over time. Use the pictures to figure out the type of sediment deposited in each environment. Later, the area became a desert. A layer of sand was deposited by wind.

Material that is carried by wind, water, or ice is called sediment. Sediment may be deposited, or laid down, in places such as deserts and the ocean floor. Different types of sediment are deposited in different environments. For example, sand may be deposited in a desert, and mud may be deposited at the bottom of the ocean. The environment of an area can change over thousands of years. When the environment changes, the type of sediment that is deposited also changes. Over a long period of time, different layers of sediment can build up in the same area. These layers preserve a record of the environments that existed in that area in the past. As many layers of sediment build up, they can be pressed together to form layers of sedimentary rock. A series of rock layers is called a rock sequence. You can observe the layers of a rock sequence to learn more about how an area's environment changed over time. The environment in the area changed over time. Use the pictures to figure out the type of sediment deposited in each environment. Later, the area became a desert. A layer of sand was deposited by wind.

First, a layer of sand and pebbles was deposited. Later, a layer of sand was deposited.

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Which ocean is highlighted?

social science

Oceans are huge bodies of salt water. The world has five oceans. All of the oceans are connected, making one world ocean.

This is the Indian Ocean.

Oceans are huge bodies of salt water. The world has five oceans. All of the oceans are connected, making one world ocean. This is the Indian Ocean.

the Indian Ocean

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Based on the Venn diagram, which artist is known for his sculpting?

language science

A graphic organizer is a chart or picture that shows how ideas, facts, or topics are related to one another. When you read, look for graphic organizers included in the text. You can use these images to find key information. You can also create your own graphic organizers with information that you've read. Doing this can help you think about the ideas in the text and easily review them. When you write, you can use graphic organizers to organize your thoughts and plan your writing.

In a Venn diagram, each circle shows information that is true for a particular topic. In any area where circles overlap, the information is true for all of the overlapping topics. This Venn diagram compares two famous Renaissance artists. The detail known for sculpting appears in the Michelangelo circle but not in the Leonardo da Vinci circle. This tells you that only Michelangelo is known for his sculpting.

A graphic organizer is a chart or picture that shows how ideas, facts, or topics are related to one another. When you read, look for graphic organizers included in the text. You can use these images to find key information. You can also create your own graphic organizers with information that you've read. Doing this can help you think about the ideas in the text and easily review them. When you write, you can use graphic organizers to organize your thoughts and plan your writing. In a Venn diagram, each circle shows information that is true for a particular topic. In any area where circles overlap, the information is true for all of the overlapping topics. This Venn diagram compares two famous Renaissance artists. The detail known for sculpting appears in the Michelangelo circle but not in the Leonardo da Vinci circle. This tells you that only Michelangelo is known for his sculpting.

only Michelangelo

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In this food chain, the diatom is a producer. Why?

natural science

Every organism needs food to stay alive. Organisms get their food in different ways. A food chain shows how organisms in an ecosystem get their food. Producers make their own food. Many producers use carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight to make sugar. This sugar is food for the producer. Consumers eat other organisms. Consumers cannot make their own food.

In this food chain, the diatom is a producer because it makes its own food. The diatom uses carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight to make its own food.

Every organism needs food to stay alive. Organisms get their food in different ways. A food chain shows how organisms in an ecosystem get their food. Producers make their own food. Many producers use carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight to make sugar. This sugar is food for the producer. Consumers eat other organisms. Consumers cannot make their own food. In this food chain, the diatom is a producer because it makes its own food. The diatom uses carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight to make its own food.

It makes its own food.

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Which of these states is farthest east?

social science

Maps have four cardinal directions, or main directions. Those directions are north, south, east, and west. A compass rose is a set of arrows that point to the cardinal directions. A compass rose usually shows only the first letter of each cardinal direction. The north arrow points to the North Pole. On most maps, north is at the top of the map.

To find the answer, look at the compass rose. Look at which way the east arrow is pointing. Maine is farthest east.

Maps have four cardinal directions, or main directions. Those directions are north, south, east, and west. A compass rose is a set of arrows that point to the cardinal directions. A compass rose usually shows only the first letter of each cardinal direction. The north arrow points to the North Pole. On most maps, north is at the top of the map. To find the answer, look at the compass rose. Look at which way the east arrow is pointing. Maine is farthest east.

Maine

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Which animal is also adapted to be camouflaged among dead leaves?

natural science

An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors. The color, texture, and covering of an animal's skin are examples of adaptations. Animals' skins can be adapted in different ways. For example, skin with thick fur might help an animal stay warm. Skin with sharp spines might help an animal defend itself against predators.

Look at the picture of the leaf-mimic grasshopper. The leaf-mimic grasshopper has a reddish-brown body. It is adapted to be camouflaged among dead leaves, which often have a reddish or brownish color. The word camouflage means to blend in. Now look at each animal. Figure out which animal has a similar adaptation. The Surinam horned frog has orange-and-brown skin. It is adapted to be camouflaged among dead leaves, which often have a reddish or brownish color. This Arctic wolf has white fur covering its body. It is not adapted to be camouflaged among dead leaves.

An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors. The color, texture, and covering of an animal's skin are examples of adaptations. Animals' skins can be adapted in different ways. For example, skin with thick fur might help an animal stay warm. Skin with sharp spines might help an animal defend itself against predators. Look at the picture of the leaf-mimic grasshopper. The leaf-mimic grasshopper has a reddish-brown body. It is adapted to be camouflaged among dead leaves, which often have a reddish or brownish color. The word camouflage means to blend in. Now look at each animal. Figure out which animal has a similar adaptation. The Surinam horned frog has orange-and-brown skin. It is adapted to be camouflaged among dead leaves, which often have a reddish or brownish color. This Arctic wolf has white fur covering its body. It is not adapted to be camouflaged among dead leaves.

Surinam horned frog

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Which is this organism's scientific name?

natural science

An organism's common name is the name that people normally call the organism. Common names often contain words you know. An organism's scientific name is the name scientists use to identify the organism. Scientific names often contain words that are not used in everyday English. Scientific names are written in italics, but common names are usually not. The first word of the scientific name is capitalized, and the second word is not. For example, the common name of the animal below is giant panda. Its scientific name is Ailuropoda melanoleuca.

Canis lupus is written in italics. The first word is capitalized, and the second word is not. So, Canis lupus is the scientific name.

An organism's common name is the name that people normally call the organism. Common names often contain words you know. An organism's scientific name is the name scientists use to identify the organism. Scientific names often contain words that are not used in everyday English. Scientific names are written in italics, but common names are usually not. The first word of the scientific name is capitalized, and the second word is not. For example, the common name of the animal below is giant panda. Its scientific name is Ailuropoda melanoleuca. Canis lupus is written in italics. The first word is capitalized, and the second word is not. So, Canis lupus is the scientific name.

Canis lupus

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Which ocean is highlighted?

social science

Oceans are huge bodies of salt water. The world has five oceans. All of the oceans are connected, making one world ocean.

This is the Atlantic Ocean.

Oceans are huge bodies of salt water. The world has five oceans. All of the oceans are connected, making one world ocean. This is the Atlantic Ocean.

the Atlantic Ocean

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Which of these states is farthest north?

social science

Maps have four cardinal directions, or main directions. Those directions are north, south, east, and west. A compass rose is a set of arrows that point to the cardinal directions. A compass rose usually shows only the first letter of each cardinal direction. The north arrow points to the North Pole. On most maps, north is at the top of the map.

To find the answer, look at the compass rose. Look at which way the north arrow is pointing. Rhode Island is farthest north.

Maps have four cardinal directions, or main directions. Those directions are north, south, east, and west. A compass rose is a set of arrows that point to the cardinal directions. A compass rose usually shows only the first letter of each cardinal direction. The north arrow points to the North Pole. On most maps, north is at the top of the map. To find the answer, look at the compass rose. Look at which way the north arrow is pointing. Rhode Island is farthest north.

Rhode Island

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Which of these continents does the prime meridian intersect?

social science

Lines of latitude and lines of longitude are imaginary lines drawn on some globes and maps. They can help you find places on globes and maps. Lines of latitude show how far north or south a place is. We use units called degrees to describe how far a place is from the equator. The equator is the line located at 0° latitude. We start counting degrees from there. Lines north of the equator are labeled N for north. Lines south of the equator are labeled S for south. Lines of latitude are also called parallels because each line is parallel to the equator. Lines of longitude are also called meridians. They show how far east or west a place is. We use degrees to help describe how far a place is from the prime meridian. The prime meridian is the line located at 0° longitude. Lines west of the prime meridian are labeled W. Lines east of the prime meridian are labeled E. Meridians meet at the north and south poles. The equator goes all the way around the earth, but the prime meridian is different. It only goes from the North Pole to the South Pole on one side of the earth. On the opposite side of the globe is another special meridian. It is labeled both 180°E and 180°W. Together, lines of latitude and lines of longitude form a grid. You can use this grid to find the exact location of a place.

The prime meridian is the line at 0° longitude. It intersects Africa. It does not intersect Asia or South America.

Lines of latitude and lines of longitude are imaginary lines drawn on some globes and maps. They can help you find places on globes and maps. Lines of latitude show how far north or south a place is. We use units called degrees to describe how far a place is from the equator. The equator is the line located at 0° latitude. We start counting degrees from there. Lines north of the equator are labeled N for north. Lines south of the equator are labeled S for south. Lines of latitude are also called parallels because each line is parallel to the equator. Lines of longitude are also called meridians. They show how far east or west a place is. We use degrees to help describe how far a place is from the prime meridian. The prime meridian is the line located at 0° longitude. Lines west of the prime meridian are labeled W. Lines east of the prime meridian are labeled E. Meridians meet at the north and south poles. The equator goes all the way around the earth, but the prime meridian is different. It only goes from the North Pole to the South Pole on one side of the earth. On the opposite side of the globe is another special meridian. It is labeled both 180°E and 180°W. Together, lines of latitude and lines of longitude form a grid. You can use this grid to find the exact location of a place. The prime meridian is the line at 0° longitude. It intersects Africa. It does not intersect Asia or South America.

Africa

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Complete the statement. Chloroform is ().

natural science

There are more than 100 different chemical elements, or types of atoms. Chemical elements make up all of the substances around you. A substance may be composed of one chemical element or multiple chemical elements. Substances that are composed of only one chemical element are elementary substances. Substances that are composed of multiple chemical elements bonded together are compounds. Every chemical element is represented by its own atomic symbol. An atomic symbol may consist of one capital letter, or it may consist of a capital letter followed by a lowercase letter. For example, the atomic symbol for the chemical element boron is B, and the atomic symbol for the chemical element chlorine is Cl. Scientists use different types of models to represent substances whose atoms are bonded in different ways. One type of model is a ball-and-stick model. The ball-and-stick model below represents a molecule of the compound boron trichloride. In a ball-and-stick model, the balls represent atoms, and the sticks represent bonds. Notice that the balls in the model above are not all the same color. Each color represents a different chemical element. The legend shows the color and the atomic symbol for each chemical element in the substance.

Use the model to determine whether chloroform is an elementary substance or a compound. Step 1: Interpret the model. . Use the legend to determine the chemical element represented by each color. The colors and atomic symbols from the legend are shown in the table below. The table also includes the names of the chemical elements represented in the model. You can see from the model that a molecule of chloroform is composed of one hydrogen atom, one carbon atom, and three chlorine atoms bonded together. Step 2: Determine whether the substance is an elementary substance or a compound. You know from Step 1 that chloroform is composed of three chemical elements: hydrogen, carbon, and chlorine. Since chloroform is composed of multiple chemical elements bonded together, chloroform is a compound.

There are more than 100 different chemical elements, or types of atoms. Chemical elements make up all of the substances around you. A substance may be composed of one chemical element or multiple chemical elements. Substances that are composed of only one chemical element are elementary substances. Substances that are composed of multiple chemical elements bonded together are compounds. Every chemical element is represented by its own atomic symbol. An atomic symbol may consist of one capital letter, or it may consist of a capital letter followed by a lowercase letter. For example, the atomic symbol for the chemical element boron is B, and the atomic symbol for the chemical element chlorine is Cl. Scientists use different types of models to represent substances whose atoms are bonded in different ways. One type of model is a ball-and-stick model. The ball-and-stick model below represents a molecule of the compound boron trichloride. In a ball-and-stick model, the balls represent atoms, and the sticks represent bonds. Notice that the balls in the model above are not all the same color. Each color represents a different chemical element. The legend shows the color and the atomic symbol for each chemical element in the substance. Use the model to determine whether chloroform is an elementary substance or a compound. Step 1: Interpret the model. . Use the legend to determine the chemical element represented by each color. The colors and atomic symbols from the legend are shown in the table below. The table also includes the names of the chemical elements represented in the model. You can see from the model that a molecule of chloroform is composed of one hydrogen atom, one carbon atom, and three chlorine atoms bonded together. Step 2: Determine whether the substance is an elementary substance or a compound. You know from Step 1 that chloroform is composed of three chemical elements: hydrogen, carbon, and chlorine. Since chloroform is composed of multiple chemical elements bonded together, chloroform is a compound.

a compound

2e938d717e4244d5ba843cdb94f1c6dc

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Which property do these three objects have in common?

natural science

An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Properties can also tell you how an object will behave when something happens to it. Different objects can have properties in common. You can use these properties to put objects into groups. Grouping objects by their properties is called classification.

Look at each object. For each object, decide if it has that property. You can see clearly through a transparent object. None of the objects are transparent. A lemon has a sour taste. The butter is not sour. A slippery object is hard to hold onto or stand on. All three objects are slippery. The property that all three objects have in common is slippery.

An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Properties can also tell you how an object will behave when something happens to it. Different objects can have properties in common. You can use these properties to put objects into groups. Grouping objects by their properties is called classification. Look at each object. For each object, decide if it has that property. You can see clearly through a transparent object. None of the objects are transparent. A lemon has a sour taste. The butter is not sour. A slippery object is hard to hold onto or stand on. All three objects are slippery. The property that all three objects have in common is slippery.

slippery

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Think about the magnetic force between the magnets in each pair. Which of the following statements is true?

natural science

Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces. The stronger the magnetic force between two magnets, the more strongly the magnets attract or repel each other. You can change the strength of a magnetic force between two magnets by changing the distance between them. The magnetic force is stronger when the magnets are closer together.

Distance affects the strength of the magnetic force. When magnets are closer together, the magnetic force between them is stronger. The magnets in Pair 1 are closer together than the magnets in Pair 2. So, the magnetic force is stronger in Pair 1 than in Pair 2.

Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces. The stronger the magnetic force between two magnets, the more strongly the magnets attract or repel each other. You can change the strength of a magnetic force between two magnets by changing the distance between them. The magnetic force is stronger when the magnets are closer together. Distance affects the strength of the magnetic force. When magnets are closer together, the magnetic force between them is stronger. The magnets in Pair 1 are closer together than the magnets in Pair 2. So, the magnetic force is stronger in Pair 1 than in Pair 2.

The magnetic force is stronger in Pair 1.

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Which of the following organisms is the omnivore in this food web?

natural science

A food web is a model. A food web shows where organisms in an ecosystem get their food. Models can make things in nature easier to understand because models can represent complex things in a simpler way. If a food web showed every organism in an ecosystem, the food web would be hard to understand. So, each food web shows how some organisms in an ecosystem can get their food. Arrows show how matter moves. A food web has arrows that point from one organism to another. Each arrow shows the direction that matter moves when one organism eats another organism. An arrow starts from the organism that is eaten. The arrow points to the organism that is doing the eating. An organism in a food web can have more than one arrow pointing from it. This shows that the organism is eaten by more than one other organism in the food web. An organism in a food web can also have more than one arrow pointing to it. This shows that the organism eats more than one other organism in the food web.

Omnivores are consumers that eat both producers and other consumers. So, an omnivore has arrows pointing to it from at least one producer and at least one consumer. The phytoplankton does not have any arrows pointing to it. So, the phytoplankton is not an omnivore. The plainfin midshipman has an arrow pointing to it from the phytoplankton, which is a producer. The plainfin midshipman also has an arrow pointing to it from the zooplankton, which is a consumer. The plainfin midshipman eats a producer and a consumer, so it is an omnivore. The kelp does not have any arrows pointing to it. So, the kelp is not an omnivore. The kelp bass has an arrow pointing to it from the kelp, which is a producer. The kelp bass also has arrows pointing to it from the zooplankton, the plainfin midshipman, and the black rockfish, which are consumers. The kelp bass eats a producer and consumers, so it is an omnivore. The sea urchin has only one arrow pointing to it. This arrow starts from the kelp, which is a producer. So, the sea urchin is a consumer but not an omnivore.

A food web is a model. A food web shows where organisms in an ecosystem get their food. Models can make things in nature easier to understand because models can represent complex things in a simpler way. If a food web showed every organism in an ecosystem, the food web would be hard to understand. So, each food web shows how some organisms in an ecosystem can get their food. Arrows show how matter moves. A food web has arrows that point from one organism to another. Each arrow shows the direction that matter moves when one organism eats another organism. An arrow starts from the organism that is eaten. The arrow points to the organism that is doing the eating. An organism in a food web can have more than one arrow pointing from it. This shows that the organism is eaten by more than one other organism in the food web. An organism in a food web can also have more than one arrow pointing to it. This shows that the organism eats more than one other organism in the food web. Omnivores are consumers that eat both producers and other consumers. So, an omnivore has arrows pointing to it from at least one producer and at least one consumer. The phytoplankton does not have any arrows pointing to it. So, the phytoplankton is not an omnivore. The plainfin midshipman has an arrow pointing to it from the phytoplankton, which is a producer. The plainfin midshipman also has an arrow pointing to it from the zooplankton, which is a consumer. The plainfin midshipman eats a producer and a consumer, so it is an omnivore. The kelp does not have any arrows pointing to it. So, the kelp is not an omnivore. The kelp bass has an arrow pointing to it from the kelp, which is a producer. The kelp bass also has arrows pointing to it from the zooplankton, the plainfin midshipman, and the black rockfish, which are consumers. The kelp bass eats a producer and consumers, so it is an omnivore. The sea urchin has only one arrow pointing to it. This arrow starts from the kelp, which is a producer. So, the sea urchin is a consumer but not an omnivore.

plainfin midshipman

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Complete the statement. Sulfur dioxide is ().

natural science

There are more than 100 different chemical elements, or types of atoms. Chemical elements make up all of the substances around you. A substance may be composed of one chemical element or multiple chemical elements. Substances that are composed of only one chemical element are elementary substances. Substances that are composed of multiple chemical elements bonded together are compounds. Every chemical element is represented by its own atomic symbol. An atomic symbol may consist of one capital letter, or it may consist of a capital letter followed by a lowercase letter. For example, the atomic symbol for the chemical element boron is B, and the atomic symbol for the chemical element chlorine is Cl. Scientists use different types of models to represent substances whose atoms are bonded in different ways. One type of model is a ball-and-stick model. The ball-and-stick model below represents a molecule of the compound boron trichloride. In a ball-and-stick model, the balls represent atoms, and the sticks represent bonds. Notice that the balls in the model above are not all the same color. Each color represents a different chemical element. The legend shows the color and the atomic symbol for each chemical element in the substance.

Use the model to determine whether sulfur dioxide is an elementary substance or a compound. Step 1: Interpret the model. . Use the legend to determine the chemical element represented by each color. The colors and atomic symbols from the legend are shown in the table below. The table also includes the names of the chemical elements represented in the model. You can see from the model that a molecule of sulfur dioxide is composed of two oxygen atoms and one sulfur atom bonded together. Step 2: Determine whether the substance is an elementary substance or a compound. You know from Step 1 that sulfur dioxide is composed of two chemical elements: oxygen and sulfur. Since sulfur dioxide is composed of multiple chemical elements bonded together, sulfur dioxide is a compound.

There are more than 100 different chemical elements, or types of atoms. Chemical elements make up all of the substances around you. A substance may be composed of one chemical element or multiple chemical elements. Substances that are composed of only one chemical element are elementary substances. Substances that are composed of multiple chemical elements bonded together are compounds. Every chemical element is represented by its own atomic symbol. An atomic symbol may consist of one capital letter, or it may consist of a capital letter followed by a lowercase letter. For example, the atomic symbol for the chemical element boron is B, and the atomic symbol for the chemical element chlorine is Cl. Scientists use different types of models to represent substances whose atoms are bonded in different ways. One type of model is a ball-and-stick model. The ball-and-stick model below represents a molecule of the compound boron trichloride. In a ball-and-stick model, the balls represent atoms, and the sticks represent bonds. Notice that the balls in the model above are not all the same color. Each color represents a different chemical element. The legend shows the color and the atomic symbol for each chemical element in the substance. Use the model to determine whether sulfur dioxide is an elementary substance or a compound. Step 1: Interpret the model. . Use the legend to determine the chemical element represented by each color. The colors and atomic symbols from the legend are shown in the table below. The table also includes the names of the chemical elements represented in the model. You can see from the model that a molecule of sulfur dioxide is composed of two oxygen atoms and one sulfur atom bonded together. Step 2: Determine whether the substance is an elementary substance or a compound. You know from Step 1 that sulfur dioxide is composed of two chemical elements: oxygen and sulfur. Since sulfur dioxide is composed of multiple chemical elements bonded together, sulfur dioxide is a compound.

a compound

4e251bcbe0084b5ba2a1e8e01580e7b6

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Which solution has a higher concentration of green particles?

natural science

A solution is made up of two or more substances that are completely mixed. In a solution, solute particles are mixed into a solvent. The solute cannot be separated from the solvent by a filter. For example, if you stir a spoonful of salt into a cup of water, the salt will mix into the water to make a saltwater solution. In this case, the salt is the solute. The water is the solvent. The concentration of a solute in a solution is a measure of the ratio of solute to solvent. Concentration can be described in terms of particles of solute per volume of solvent. concentration = particles of solute / volume of solvent

In Solution A and Solution B, the green particles represent the solute. To figure out which solution has a higher concentration of green particles, look at both the number of green particles and the volume of the solvent in each container. Use the concentration formula to find the number of green particles per milliliter. Solution A has more green particles per milliliter. So, Solution A has a higher concentration of green particles.

A solution is made up of two or more substances that are completely mixed. In a solution, solute particles are mixed into a solvent. The solute cannot be separated from the solvent by a filter. For example, if you stir a spoonful of salt into a cup of water, the salt will mix into the water to make a saltwater solution. In this case, the salt is the solute. The water is the solvent. The concentration of a solute in a solution is a measure of the ratio of solute to solvent. Concentration can be described in terms of particles of solute per volume of solvent. concentration = particles of solute / volume of solvent In Solution A and Solution B, the green particles represent the solute. To figure out which solution has a higher concentration of green particles, look at both the number of green particles and the volume of the solvent in each container. Use the concentration formula to find the number of green particles per milliliter. Solution A has more green particles per milliliter. So, Solution A has a higher concentration of green particles.

Solution A

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Will these magnets attract or repel each other?

natural science

Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. Whether a magnet attracts or repels other magnets depends on the positions of its poles, or ends. Every magnet has two poles, called north and south. Here are some examples of magnets. The north pole of each magnet is marked N, and the south pole is marked S. If different poles are closest to each other, the magnets attract. The magnets in the pair below attract. If the same poles are closest to each other, the magnets repel. The magnets in both pairs below repel.

Will these magnets attract or repel? To find out, look at which poles are closest to each other. The north pole of one magnet is closest to the south pole of the other magnet. Poles that are different attract. So, these magnets will attract each other.

Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. Whether a magnet attracts or repels other magnets depends on the positions of its poles, or ends. Every magnet has two poles, called north and south. Here are some examples of magnets. The north pole of each magnet is marked N, and the south pole is marked S. If different poles are closest to each other, the magnets attract. The magnets in the pair below attract. If the same poles are closest to each other, the magnets repel. The magnets in both pairs below repel. Will these magnets attract or repel? To find out, look at which poles are closest to each other. The north pole of one magnet is closest to the south pole of the other magnet. Poles that are different attract. So, these magnets will attract each other.

attract

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Which of these states is farthest north?

social science

Maps have four cardinal directions, or main directions. Those directions are north, south, east, and west. A compass rose is a set of arrows that point to the cardinal directions. A compass rose usually shows only the first letter of each cardinal direction. The north arrow points to the North Pole. On most maps, north is at the top of the map.

To find the answer, look at the compass rose. Look at which way the north arrow is pointing. Oregon is farthest north.

Maps have four cardinal directions, or main directions. Those directions are north, south, east, and west. A compass rose is a set of arrows that point to the cardinal directions. A compass rose usually shows only the first letter of each cardinal direction. The north arrow points to the North Pole. On most maps, north is at the top of the map. To find the answer, look at the compass rose. Look at which way the north arrow is pointing. Oregon is farthest north.

Oregon

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