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Provide tags and a correct Python 3 solution for this coding contest problem. In this problem you will write a simple code generator for a 2D programming language derived from [Brainfuck](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brainfuck). The code in this language is a rectangular grid of characters '.' and 'X'. The code is converted to a Brainfuck program as follows: the characters are read in the usual order (top to bottom, left to right), and each 'X' character is converted a Brainfuck instruction to be executed. The instruction is defined by the left, top and right neighbors of the 'X' character using the following conversion table: <image> You are given a string. Output a program in the described language which prints this string. You can download the language interpreter used for judging here: <https://assets.codeforces.com/rounds/952/puzzling-interpreter.cpp> (use C++11 to compile the code). Note several implementation details: * The first step of the language interpretation is conversion to a Brainfuck program, which is then executed. * The code must be rectangular, with all lines of the same length. It can have at most 10,000 lines and 10,000 columns, and can have at most 500,000 'X' characters. * The code has toroidal topology, i.e. the 'X' on the first line will have top neighbor in the last line. * Brainfuck interpreter has 30000 memory cells which store integers from 0 to 255 with increment/decrement done modulo 256. * Console input (, command) is allowed in Brainfuck code but has no effect when executed. Input The input consists of a single string of characters with ASCII codes between 33 ('!') and 122 ('z'), inclusive. The length of the string is between 1 and 10 characters, inclusive. Output Output a program in the described language which, when executed, will print the given message. Example Input $$$ Output .......X....... ......XXX...... .....XXXXX..... ....XXXXXXX.... ...XXXXXXXXX... ..XXXXXXXXXXX.. .XXXXXXXXXXXXX. ............... X.............X X.............. X.............. X.............. Note The example corresponds to the following Brainfuck program: - >+< >+++< >+++++< >+++++++< >+++++++++< >+++++++++++< < > . . . The triangular block decrements the first memory cell and sets the value of the second memory cell to 36 - the ASCII code of '$' character. The next line after the triangular block moves the memory pointer to the second memory cell, and the next three lines print the '$' character three times.
instruction
0
14,746
6
29,492
Tags: constructive algorithms Correct Solution: ``` n = input() s = "" t = "" for c in n: i = ord(c) s += ".X." + ".X.." * i + ".X.X." + ".." * i + "X.." t += "..." + "XXX." * i + "XX.X." + "X." * i + "XX." print(s) print(t) print(len(s) * ".") ```
output
1
14,746
6
29,493
Provide tags and a correct Python 3 solution for this coding contest problem. In this problem you will write a simple code generator for a 2D programming language derived from [Brainfuck](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brainfuck). The code in this language is a rectangular grid of characters '.' and 'X'. The code is converted to a Brainfuck program as follows: the characters are read in the usual order (top to bottom, left to right), and each 'X' character is converted a Brainfuck instruction to be executed. The instruction is defined by the left, top and right neighbors of the 'X' character using the following conversion table: <image> You are given a string. Output a program in the described language which prints this string. You can download the language interpreter used for judging here: <https://assets.codeforces.com/rounds/952/puzzling-interpreter.cpp> (use C++11 to compile the code). Note several implementation details: * The first step of the language interpretation is conversion to a Brainfuck program, which is then executed. * The code must be rectangular, with all lines of the same length. It can have at most 10,000 lines and 10,000 columns, and can have at most 500,000 'X' characters. * The code has toroidal topology, i.e. the 'X' on the first line will have top neighbor in the last line. * Brainfuck interpreter has 30000 memory cells which store integers from 0 to 255 with increment/decrement done modulo 256. * Console input (, command) is allowed in Brainfuck code but has no effect when executed. Input The input consists of a single string of characters with ASCII codes between 33 ('!') and 122 ('z'), inclusive. The length of the string is between 1 and 10 characters, inclusive. Output Output a program in the described language which, when executed, will print the given message. Example Input $$$ Output .......X....... ......XXX...... .....XXXXX..... ....XXXXXXX.... ...XXXXXXXXX... ..XXXXXXXXXXX.. .XXXXXXXXXXXXX. ............... X.............X X.............. X.............. X.............. Note The example corresponds to the following Brainfuck program: - >+< >+++< >+++++< >+++++++< >+++++++++< >+++++++++++< < > . . . The triangular block decrements the first memory cell and sets the value of the second memory cell to 36 - the ASCII code of '$' character. The next line after the triangular block moves the memory pointer to the second memory cell, and the next three lines print the '$' character three times.
instruction
0
14,747
6
29,494
Tags: constructive algorithms Correct Solution: ``` data = input() lens = [(256 - ord(data[0]))] for i in range(len(data) - 1): lens.append((512 - (ord(data[i+1]) - ord(data[i]))) % 256) line0 = "." * 512 line1 = ".X" + ("." * 510) for i in range(len(data)): if lens[i] == 0: print(line1) else: print(line0) print(".X" * lens[i] + ".." * (256 - lens[i])) print(line1) ```
output
1
14,747
6
29,495
Provide tags and a correct Python 3 solution for this coding contest problem. Happy new year! The year 2020 is also known as Year Gyeongja (κ²½μžλ…„, gyeongja-nyeon) in Korea. Where did the name come from? Let's briefly look at the Gapja system, which is traditionally used in Korea to name the years. There are two sequences of n strings s_1, s_2, s_3, …, s_{n} and m strings t_1, t_2, t_3, …, t_{m}. These strings contain only lowercase letters. There might be duplicates among these strings. Let's call a concatenation of strings x and y as the string that is obtained by writing down strings x and y one right after another without changing the order. For example, the concatenation of the strings "code" and "forces" is the string "codeforces". The year 1 has a name which is the concatenation of the two strings s_1 and t_1. When the year increases by one, we concatenate the next two strings in order from each of the respective sequences. If the string that is currently being used is at the end of its sequence, we go back to the first string in that sequence. For example, if n = 3, m = 4, s = {"a", "b", "c"}, t = {"d", "e", "f", "g"}, the following table denotes the resulting year names. Note that the names of the years may repeat. <image> You are given two sequences of strings of size n and m and also q queries. For each query, you will be given the current year. Could you find the name corresponding to the given year, according to the Gapja system? Input The first line contains two integers n, m (1 ≀ n, m ≀ 20). The next line contains n strings s_1, s_2, …, s_{n}. Each string contains only lowercase letters, and they are separated by spaces. The length of each string is at least 1 and at most 10. The next line contains m strings t_1, t_2, …, t_{m}. Each string contains only lowercase letters, and they are separated by spaces. The length of each string is at least 1 and at most 10. Among the given n + m strings may be duplicates (that is, they are not necessarily all different). The next line contains a single integer q (1 ≀ q ≀ 2 020). In the next q lines, an integer y (1 ≀ y ≀ 10^9) is given, denoting the year we want to know the name for. Output Print q lines. For each line, print the name of the year as per the rule described above. Example Input 10 12 sin im gye gap eul byeong jeong mu gi gyeong yu sul hae ja chuk in myo jin sa o mi sin 14 1 2 3 4 10 11 12 13 73 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Output sinyu imsul gyehae gapja gyeongo sinmi imsin gyeyu gyeyu byeongsin jeongyu musul gihae gyeongja Note The first example denotes the actual names used in the Gapja system. These strings usually are either a number or the name of some animal.
instruction
0
15,181
6
30,362
Tags: implementation, strings Correct Solution: ``` x, y = input().split(' ') x = int(x) y = int(y) s = '' s1 = '' s= (input().split(' ')) s1 = (input().split(' ')) q = int(input()) for i in range(q): z = int(input()) print(s[(z-1)%x]+s1[(z-1)%y]) ```
output
1
15,181
6
30,363
Provide tags and a correct Python 3 solution for this coding contest problem. Happy new year! The year 2020 is also known as Year Gyeongja (κ²½μžλ…„, gyeongja-nyeon) in Korea. Where did the name come from? Let's briefly look at the Gapja system, which is traditionally used in Korea to name the years. There are two sequences of n strings s_1, s_2, s_3, …, s_{n} and m strings t_1, t_2, t_3, …, t_{m}. These strings contain only lowercase letters. There might be duplicates among these strings. Let's call a concatenation of strings x and y as the string that is obtained by writing down strings x and y one right after another without changing the order. For example, the concatenation of the strings "code" and "forces" is the string "codeforces". The year 1 has a name which is the concatenation of the two strings s_1 and t_1. When the year increases by one, we concatenate the next two strings in order from each of the respective sequences. If the string that is currently being used is at the end of its sequence, we go back to the first string in that sequence. For example, if n = 3, m = 4, s = {"a", "b", "c"}, t = {"d", "e", "f", "g"}, the following table denotes the resulting year names. Note that the names of the years may repeat. <image> You are given two sequences of strings of size n and m and also q queries. For each query, you will be given the current year. Could you find the name corresponding to the given year, according to the Gapja system? Input The first line contains two integers n, m (1 ≀ n, m ≀ 20). The next line contains n strings s_1, s_2, …, s_{n}. Each string contains only lowercase letters, and they are separated by spaces. The length of each string is at least 1 and at most 10. The next line contains m strings t_1, t_2, …, t_{m}. Each string contains only lowercase letters, and they are separated by spaces. The length of each string is at least 1 and at most 10. Among the given n + m strings may be duplicates (that is, they are not necessarily all different). The next line contains a single integer q (1 ≀ q ≀ 2 020). In the next q lines, an integer y (1 ≀ y ≀ 10^9) is given, denoting the year we want to know the name for. Output Print q lines. For each line, print the name of the year as per the rule described above. Example Input 10 12 sin im gye gap eul byeong jeong mu gi gyeong yu sul hae ja chuk in myo jin sa o mi sin 14 1 2 3 4 10 11 12 13 73 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Output sinyu imsul gyehae gapja gyeongo sinmi imsin gyeyu gyeyu byeongsin jeongyu musul gihae gyeongja Note The first example denotes the actual names used in the Gapja system. These strings usually are either a number or the name of some animal.
instruction
0
15,182
6
30,364
Tags: implementation, strings Correct Solution: ``` n,m = [int(x) for x in input().split()] s = input().strip().split() t = input().strip().split() q = int(input()) for _ in range(q): y = int(input()) r1 = (y-1)%n r2 = (y-1)%m print(s[r1]+t[r2]) ```
output
1
15,182
6
30,365
Provide tags and a correct Python 3 solution for this coding contest problem. Happy new year! The year 2020 is also known as Year Gyeongja (κ²½μžλ…„, gyeongja-nyeon) in Korea. Where did the name come from? Let's briefly look at the Gapja system, which is traditionally used in Korea to name the years. There are two sequences of n strings s_1, s_2, s_3, …, s_{n} and m strings t_1, t_2, t_3, …, t_{m}. These strings contain only lowercase letters. There might be duplicates among these strings. Let's call a concatenation of strings x and y as the string that is obtained by writing down strings x and y one right after another without changing the order. For example, the concatenation of the strings "code" and "forces" is the string "codeforces". The year 1 has a name which is the concatenation of the two strings s_1 and t_1. When the year increases by one, we concatenate the next two strings in order from each of the respective sequences. If the string that is currently being used is at the end of its sequence, we go back to the first string in that sequence. For example, if n = 3, m = 4, s = {"a", "b", "c"}, t = {"d", "e", "f", "g"}, the following table denotes the resulting year names. Note that the names of the years may repeat. <image> You are given two sequences of strings of size n and m and also q queries. For each query, you will be given the current year. Could you find the name corresponding to the given year, according to the Gapja system? Input The first line contains two integers n, m (1 ≀ n, m ≀ 20). The next line contains n strings s_1, s_2, …, s_{n}. Each string contains only lowercase letters, and they are separated by spaces. The length of each string is at least 1 and at most 10. The next line contains m strings t_1, t_2, …, t_{m}. Each string contains only lowercase letters, and they are separated by spaces. The length of each string is at least 1 and at most 10. Among the given n + m strings may be duplicates (that is, they are not necessarily all different). The next line contains a single integer q (1 ≀ q ≀ 2 020). In the next q lines, an integer y (1 ≀ y ≀ 10^9) is given, denoting the year we want to know the name for. Output Print q lines. For each line, print the name of the year as per the rule described above. Example Input 10 12 sin im gye gap eul byeong jeong mu gi gyeong yu sul hae ja chuk in myo jin sa o mi sin 14 1 2 3 4 10 11 12 13 73 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Output sinyu imsul gyehae gapja gyeongo sinmi imsin gyeyu gyeyu byeongsin jeongyu musul gihae gyeongja Note The first example denotes the actual names used in the Gapja system. These strings usually are either a number or the name of some animal.
instruction
0
15,183
6
30,366
Tags: implementation, strings Correct Solution: ``` from math import gcd n, m = list(map(int, input().split())) ar1 = list(input().split()) ar2 = list(input().split()) kek = n * m // gcd(n, m) for _ in range(int(input())): t = int(input()) t %= kek print(ar1[(t - 1) % n] + ar2[(t - 1) % m]) ```
output
1
15,183
6
30,367
Provide tags and a correct Python 3 solution for this coding contest problem. Happy new year! The year 2020 is also known as Year Gyeongja (κ²½μžλ…„, gyeongja-nyeon) in Korea. Where did the name come from? Let's briefly look at the Gapja system, which is traditionally used in Korea to name the years. There are two sequences of n strings s_1, s_2, s_3, …, s_{n} and m strings t_1, t_2, t_3, …, t_{m}. These strings contain only lowercase letters. There might be duplicates among these strings. Let's call a concatenation of strings x and y as the string that is obtained by writing down strings x and y one right after another without changing the order. For example, the concatenation of the strings "code" and "forces" is the string "codeforces". The year 1 has a name which is the concatenation of the two strings s_1 and t_1. When the year increases by one, we concatenate the next two strings in order from each of the respective sequences. If the string that is currently being used is at the end of its sequence, we go back to the first string in that sequence. For example, if n = 3, m = 4, s = {"a", "b", "c"}, t = {"d", "e", "f", "g"}, the following table denotes the resulting year names. Note that the names of the years may repeat. <image> You are given two sequences of strings of size n and m and also q queries. For each query, you will be given the current year. Could you find the name corresponding to the given year, according to the Gapja system? Input The first line contains two integers n, m (1 ≀ n, m ≀ 20). The next line contains n strings s_1, s_2, …, s_{n}. Each string contains only lowercase letters, and they are separated by spaces. The length of each string is at least 1 and at most 10. The next line contains m strings t_1, t_2, …, t_{m}. Each string contains only lowercase letters, and they are separated by spaces. The length of each string is at least 1 and at most 10. Among the given n + m strings may be duplicates (that is, they are not necessarily all different). The next line contains a single integer q (1 ≀ q ≀ 2 020). In the next q lines, an integer y (1 ≀ y ≀ 10^9) is given, denoting the year we want to know the name for. Output Print q lines. For each line, print the name of the year as per the rule described above. Example Input 10 12 sin im gye gap eul byeong jeong mu gi gyeong yu sul hae ja chuk in myo jin sa o mi sin 14 1 2 3 4 10 11 12 13 73 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Output sinyu imsul gyehae gapja gyeongo sinmi imsin gyeyu gyeyu byeongsin jeongyu musul gihae gyeongja Note The first example denotes the actual names used in the Gapja system. These strings usually are either a number or the name of some animal.
instruction
0
15,184
6
30,368
Tags: implementation, strings Correct Solution: ``` n,m=map(int,input().split()) a=list(map(str,input().split())) b=list(map(str,input().split())) for i in range(int(input())): k=int(input()) x=k%len(a) y=k%len(b) print(a[x-1]+b[y-1]) ```
output
1
15,184
6
30,369
Provide tags and a correct Python 3 solution for this coding contest problem. Happy new year! The year 2020 is also known as Year Gyeongja (κ²½μžλ…„, gyeongja-nyeon) in Korea. Where did the name come from? Let's briefly look at the Gapja system, which is traditionally used in Korea to name the years. There are two sequences of n strings s_1, s_2, s_3, …, s_{n} and m strings t_1, t_2, t_3, …, t_{m}. These strings contain only lowercase letters. There might be duplicates among these strings. Let's call a concatenation of strings x and y as the string that is obtained by writing down strings x and y one right after another without changing the order. For example, the concatenation of the strings "code" and "forces" is the string "codeforces". The year 1 has a name which is the concatenation of the two strings s_1 and t_1. When the year increases by one, we concatenate the next two strings in order from each of the respective sequences. If the string that is currently being used is at the end of its sequence, we go back to the first string in that sequence. For example, if n = 3, m = 4, s = {"a", "b", "c"}, t = {"d", "e", "f", "g"}, the following table denotes the resulting year names. Note that the names of the years may repeat. <image> You are given two sequences of strings of size n and m and also q queries. For each query, you will be given the current year. Could you find the name corresponding to the given year, according to the Gapja system? Input The first line contains two integers n, m (1 ≀ n, m ≀ 20). The next line contains n strings s_1, s_2, …, s_{n}. Each string contains only lowercase letters, and they are separated by spaces. The length of each string is at least 1 and at most 10. The next line contains m strings t_1, t_2, …, t_{m}. Each string contains only lowercase letters, and they are separated by spaces. The length of each string is at least 1 and at most 10. Among the given n + m strings may be duplicates (that is, they are not necessarily all different). The next line contains a single integer q (1 ≀ q ≀ 2 020). In the next q lines, an integer y (1 ≀ y ≀ 10^9) is given, denoting the year we want to know the name for. Output Print q lines. For each line, print the name of the year as per the rule described above. Example Input 10 12 sin im gye gap eul byeong jeong mu gi gyeong yu sul hae ja chuk in myo jin sa o mi sin 14 1 2 3 4 10 11 12 13 73 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Output sinyu imsul gyehae gapja gyeongo sinmi imsin gyeyu gyeyu byeongsin jeongyu musul gihae gyeongja Note The first example denotes the actual names used in the Gapja system. These strings usually are either a number or the name of some animal.
instruction
0
15,185
6
30,370
Tags: implementation, strings Correct Solution: ``` n,m=map(int,input().split()) s1=input().split() s2=input().split() l=[] for i in range(n*m): l.append(s1[i%n]+s2[i%m]) for i in range(int(input())): k=int(input()) print (l[(k-1)%(n*m)]) ```
output
1
15,185
6
30,371
Provide tags and a correct Python 3 solution for this coding contest problem. Happy new year! The year 2020 is also known as Year Gyeongja (κ²½μžλ…„, gyeongja-nyeon) in Korea. Where did the name come from? Let's briefly look at the Gapja system, which is traditionally used in Korea to name the years. There are two sequences of n strings s_1, s_2, s_3, …, s_{n} and m strings t_1, t_2, t_3, …, t_{m}. These strings contain only lowercase letters. There might be duplicates among these strings. Let's call a concatenation of strings x and y as the string that is obtained by writing down strings x and y one right after another without changing the order. For example, the concatenation of the strings "code" and "forces" is the string "codeforces". The year 1 has a name which is the concatenation of the two strings s_1 and t_1. When the year increases by one, we concatenate the next two strings in order from each of the respective sequences. If the string that is currently being used is at the end of its sequence, we go back to the first string in that sequence. For example, if n = 3, m = 4, s = {"a", "b", "c"}, t = {"d", "e", "f", "g"}, the following table denotes the resulting year names. Note that the names of the years may repeat. <image> You are given two sequences of strings of size n and m and also q queries. For each query, you will be given the current year. Could you find the name corresponding to the given year, according to the Gapja system? Input The first line contains two integers n, m (1 ≀ n, m ≀ 20). The next line contains n strings s_1, s_2, …, s_{n}. Each string contains only lowercase letters, and they are separated by spaces. The length of each string is at least 1 and at most 10. The next line contains m strings t_1, t_2, …, t_{m}. Each string contains only lowercase letters, and they are separated by spaces. The length of each string is at least 1 and at most 10. Among the given n + m strings may be duplicates (that is, they are not necessarily all different). The next line contains a single integer q (1 ≀ q ≀ 2 020). In the next q lines, an integer y (1 ≀ y ≀ 10^9) is given, denoting the year we want to know the name for. Output Print q lines. For each line, print the name of the year as per the rule described above. Example Input 10 12 sin im gye gap eul byeong jeong mu gi gyeong yu sul hae ja chuk in myo jin sa o mi sin 14 1 2 3 4 10 11 12 13 73 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Output sinyu imsul gyehae gapja gyeongo sinmi imsin gyeyu gyeyu byeongsin jeongyu musul gihae gyeongja Note The first example denotes the actual names used in the Gapja system. These strings usually are either a number or the name of some animal.
instruction
0
15,186
6
30,372
Tags: implementation, strings Correct Solution: ``` n,m=map(int,input().split()) pol=input().split() kan=input().split() a=[] for i in range(1, n*m+1): if(i%n==0): a.append(pol[n-1]) else: a.append(pol[i%n-1]) if(i%m==0): a[-1]+=kan[m-1] else: a[-1]+=kan[i%m-1] p=int(input()) for i in range(p): t=int(input()) print(a[t%(n*m)-1]) ```
output
1
15,186
6
30,373
Provide tags and a correct Python 3 solution for this coding contest problem. Happy new year! The year 2020 is also known as Year Gyeongja (κ²½μžλ…„, gyeongja-nyeon) in Korea. Where did the name come from? Let's briefly look at the Gapja system, which is traditionally used in Korea to name the years. There are two sequences of n strings s_1, s_2, s_3, …, s_{n} and m strings t_1, t_2, t_3, …, t_{m}. These strings contain only lowercase letters. There might be duplicates among these strings. Let's call a concatenation of strings x and y as the string that is obtained by writing down strings x and y one right after another without changing the order. For example, the concatenation of the strings "code" and "forces" is the string "codeforces". The year 1 has a name which is the concatenation of the two strings s_1 and t_1. When the year increases by one, we concatenate the next two strings in order from each of the respective sequences. If the string that is currently being used is at the end of its sequence, we go back to the first string in that sequence. For example, if n = 3, m = 4, s = {"a", "b", "c"}, t = {"d", "e", "f", "g"}, the following table denotes the resulting year names. Note that the names of the years may repeat. <image> You are given two sequences of strings of size n and m and also q queries. For each query, you will be given the current year. Could you find the name corresponding to the given year, according to the Gapja system? Input The first line contains two integers n, m (1 ≀ n, m ≀ 20). The next line contains n strings s_1, s_2, …, s_{n}. Each string contains only lowercase letters, and they are separated by spaces. The length of each string is at least 1 and at most 10. The next line contains m strings t_1, t_2, …, t_{m}. Each string contains only lowercase letters, and they are separated by spaces. The length of each string is at least 1 and at most 10. Among the given n + m strings may be duplicates (that is, they are not necessarily all different). The next line contains a single integer q (1 ≀ q ≀ 2 020). In the next q lines, an integer y (1 ≀ y ≀ 10^9) is given, denoting the year we want to know the name for. Output Print q lines. For each line, print the name of the year as per the rule described above. Example Input 10 12 sin im gye gap eul byeong jeong mu gi gyeong yu sul hae ja chuk in myo jin sa o mi sin 14 1 2 3 4 10 11 12 13 73 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Output sinyu imsul gyehae gapja gyeongo sinmi imsin gyeyu gyeyu byeongsin jeongyu musul gihae gyeongja Note The first example denotes the actual names used in the Gapja system. These strings usually are either a number or the name of some animal.
instruction
0
15,187
6
30,374
Tags: implementation, strings Correct Solution: ``` a = list(map(int,input().split())) n = input().split() s = input().split() q = int(input()) for i in range(q): x = int(input()) t1 = x%a[0] t2 = x%a[1] print(n[t1-1]+s[t2-1]) ```
output
1
15,187
6
30,375
Provide tags and a correct Python 3 solution for this coding contest problem. Happy new year! The year 2020 is also known as Year Gyeongja (κ²½μžλ…„, gyeongja-nyeon) in Korea. Where did the name come from? Let's briefly look at the Gapja system, which is traditionally used in Korea to name the years. There are two sequences of n strings s_1, s_2, s_3, …, s_{n} and m strings t_1, t_2, t_3, …, t_{m}. These strings contain only lowercase letters. There might be duplicates among these strings. Let's call a concatenation of strings x and y as the string that is obtained by writing down strings x and y one right after another without changing the order. For example, the concatenation of the strings "code" and "forces" is the string "codeforces". The year 1 has a name which is the concatenation of the two strings s_1 and t_1. When the year increases by one, we concatenate the next two strings in order from each of the respective sequences. If the string that is currently being used is at the end of its sequence, we go back to the first string in that sequence. For example, if n = 3, m = 4, s = {"a", "b", "c"}, t = {"d", "e", "f", "g"}, the following table denotes the resulting year names. Note that the names of the years may repeat. <image> You are given two sequences of strings of size n and m and also q queries. For each query, you will be given the current year. Could you find the name corresponding to the given year, according to the Gapja system? Input The first line contains two integers n, m (1 ≀ n, m ≀ 20). The next line contains n strings s_1, s_2, …, s_{n}. Each string contains only lowercase letters, and they are separated by spaces. The length of each string is at least 1 and at most 10. The next line contains m strings t_1, t_2, …, t_{m}. Each string contains only lowercase letters, and they are separated by spaces. The length of each string is at least 1 and at most 10. Among the given n + m strings may be duplicates (that is, they are not necessarily all different). The next line contains a single integer q (1 ≀ q ≀ 2 020). In the next q lines, an integer y (1 ≀ y ≀ 10^9) is given, denoting the year we want to know the name for. Output Print q lines. For each line, print the name of the year as per the rule described above. Example Input 10 12 sin im gye gap eul byeong jeong mu gi gyeong yu sul hae ja chuk in myo jin sa o mi sin 14 1 2 3 4 10 11 12 13 73 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Output sinyu imsul gyehae gapja gyeongo sinmi imsin gyeyu gyeyu byeongsin jeongyu musul gihae gyeongja Note The first example denotes the actual names used in the Gapja system. These strings usually are either a number or the name of some animal.
instruction
0
15,188
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30,376
Tags: implementation, strings Correct Solution: ``` from sys import stdin from collections import deque from math import sqrt, floor, ceil, log, log2, log10, pi, gcd, sin, cos, asin def ii(): return int(stdin.readline()) def fi(): return float(stdin.readline()) def mi(): return map(int, stdin.readline().split()) def fmi(): return map(float, stdin.readline().split()) def li(): return list(mi()) def lsi(): x=list(stdin.readline()) x.pop() return x def si(): return stdin.readline() def sieve(x): a=[True]*(x+1) sq=floor(sqrt(x)) for i in range(3, sq+1, 2): if a[i]: for j in range(i*i, x+1, i): a[j]=False if x>1: p=[2] else: p=[] for i in range(3, x+1, 2): if a[i]: p.append(i) return p #vowel={'a', 'e', 'i', 'o', 'u', 'y', 'A', 'E', 'I', 'O', 'U', 'Y'} #pow=[1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256, 512, 1024, 2048, 4096, 8192, 16384, 32768, 65536, 131072, 262144, 524288, 1048576, 2097152, 4194304, 8388608, 16777216, 33554432, 67108864, 134217728, 268435456, 536870912, 1073741824, 2147483648, 4294967296, 8589934592, 17179869184, 34359738368, 68719476736, 137438953472, 274877906944, 549755813888, 1099511627776, 2199023255552, 4398046511104, 8796093022208, 17592186044416, 35184372088832, 70368744177664, 140737488355328, 281474976710656, 562949953421312, 1125899906842624, 2251799813685248, 4503599627370496, 9007199254740992, 18014398509481984, 36028797018963968, 72057594037927936, 144115188075855872, 288230376151711744, 576460752303423488, 1152921504606846976, 2305843009213693952, 4611686018427387904, 9223372036854775808] ############# CODE STARTS HERE ############# n, m=mi() a=list(input().split()) b=list(input().split()) p=[a[-1]]+a[:-1] q=[b[-1]]+b[:-1] for _ in range(ii()): x=ii() print(p[x%n]+q[x%m]) ```
output
1
15,188
6
30,377
Provide tags and a correct Python 3 solution for this coding contest problem. Polycarp wants to assemble his own keyboard. Layouts with multiple rows are too complicated for him β€” his keyboard will consist of only one row, where all 26 lowercase Latin letters will be arranged in some order. Polycarp uses the same password s on all websites where he is registered (it is bad, but he doesn't care). He wants to assemble a keyboard that will allow to type this password very easily. He doesn't like to move his fingers while typing the password, so, for each pair of adjacent characters in s, they should be adjacent on the keyboard. For example, if the password is abacaba, then the layout cabdefghi... is perfect, since characters a and c are adjacent on the keyboard, and a and b are adjacent on the keyboard. It is guaranteed that there are no two adjacent equal characters in s, so, for example, the password cannot be password (two characters s are adjacent). Can you help Polycarp with choosing the perfect layout of the keyboard, if it is possible? Input The first line contains one integer T (1 ≀ T ≀ 1000) β€” the number of test cases. Then T lines follow, each containing one string s (1 ≀ |s| ≀ 200) representing the test case. s consists of lowercase Latin letters only. There are no two adjacent equal characters in s. Output For each test case, do the following: * if it is impossible to assemble a perfect keyboard, print NO (in upper case, it matters in this problem); * otherwise, print YES (in upper case), and then a string consisting of 26 lowercase Latin letters β€” the perfect layout. Each Latin letter should appear in this string exactly once. If there are multiple answers, print any of them. Example Input 5 ababa codedoca abcda zxzytyz abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyza Output YES bacdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz YES edocabfghijklmnpqrstuvwxyz NO YES xzytabcdefghijklmnopqrsuvw NO
instruction
0
15,197
6
30,394
Tags: dfs and similar, greedy, implementation Correct Solution: ``` for _ in range(int(input())): s = input() l = [] l.append(s[0]) f=0 m = 0 j=0 for i in range(1,len(s)): if s[i] in l: if l[j]==s[i]: f=1 break if j>0 and j<m and l[j-1]!=s[i] and l[j+1]!=s[i]: f=1 break if j==0 and l[j+1]!=s[i]: f=1 break if j==m and l[j-1]!=s[i]: f=1 break if l[j]==s[i]: f=1 break if j>0 and j<m and l[j-1]!=s[i] and l[j+1]!=s[i]: f=1 break if j>0 and l[j-1]==s[i]: j-=1 continue if j<m and l[j+1]==s[i]: j+=1 continue if j==0 and m==0: j+=1 m+=1 l.append(s[i]) elif j==0 and m>0: m+=1 l.insert(0,s[i]) elif j==m: j+=1 m+=1 l.append(s[i]) if f==1: print('NO') else: print('YES') a = [] for k in range(26): a.append(-1) for k in l: a[ord(k)-97]=1 for k in range(26): if a[k]==1: pass else: l.append(chr(k+97)) str1 = "" for i in l: str1+=i print(str1) ```
output
1
15,197
6
30,395
Provide tags and a correct Python 3 solution for this coding contest problem. Polycarp wants to assemble his own keyboard. Layouts with multiple rows are too complicated for him β€” his keyboard will consist of only one row, where all 26 lowercase Latin letters will be arranged in some order. Polycarp uses the same password s on all websites where he is registered (it is bad, but he doesn't care). He wants to assemble a keyboard that will allow to type this password very easily. He doesn't like to move his fingers while typing the password, so, for each pair of adjacent characters in s, they should be adjacent on the keyboard. For example, if the password is abacaba, then the layout cabdefghi... is perfect, since characters a and c are adjacent on the keyboard, and a and b are adjacent on the keyboard. It is guaranteed that there are no two adjacent equal characters in s, so, for example, the password cannot be password (two characters s are adjacent). Can you help Polycarp with choosing the perfect layout of the keyboard, if it is possible? Input The first line contains one integer T (1 ≀ T ≀ 1000) β€” the number of test cases. Then T lines follow, each containing one string s (1 ≀ |s| ≀ 200) representing the test case. s consists of lowercase Latin letters only. There are no two adjacent equal characters in s. Output For each test case, do the following: * if it is impossible to assemble a perfect keyboard, print NO (in upper case, it matters in this problem); * otherwise, print YES (in upper case), and then a string consisting of 26 lowercase Latin letters β€” the perfect layout. Each Latin letter should appear in this string exactly once. If there are multiple answers, print any of them. Example Input 5 ababa codedoca abcda zxzytyz abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyza Output YES bacdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz YES edocabfghijklmnpqrstuvwxyz NO YES xzytabcdefghijklmnopqrsuvw NO
instruction
0
15,198
6
30,396
Tags: dfs and similar, greedy, implementation Correct Solution: ``` import sys input = sys.stdin.readline from collections import Counter t=int(input()) for tests in range(t): s=input().strip() if len(s)==1: print("YES") print("abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz") continue L=[set() for i in range(26)] for i in range(1,len(s)): x=ord(s[i])-97 y=ord(s[i-1])-97 L[x].add(y) L[y].add(x) LL=[len(l) for l in L] C=Counter(LL) if max(LL)>2 or C[1]!=2: print("NO") continue NOW=LL.index(1) USE=[0]*26 USE[NOW]=1 ANS=chr(NOW+97) NOW=list(L[NOW])[0] USE[NOW]=1 ANS+=chr(NOW+97) while LL[NOW]==2: for x in L[NOW]: if USE[x]==0: NOW=x USE[x]=1 ANS+=chr(x+97) #print(L) #print(ANS) for i in range(26): if USE[i]==0: ANS+=chr(i+97) print("YES") print(ANS) ```
output
1
15,198
6
30,397
Provide tags and a correct Python 3 solution for this coding contest problem. Polycarp wants to assemble his own keyboard. Layouts with multiple rows are too complicated for him β€” his keyboard will consist of only one row, where all 26 lowercase Latin letters will be arranged in some order. Polycarp uses the same password s on all websites where he is registered (it is bad, but he doesn't care). He wants to assemble a keyboard that will allow to type this password very easily. He doesn't like to move his fingers while typing the password, so, for each pair of adjacent characters in s, they should be adjacent on the keyboard. For example, if the password is abacaba, then the layout cabdefghi... is perfect, since characters a and c are adjacent on the keyboard, and a and b are adjacent on the keyboard. It is guaranteed that there are no two adjacent equal characters in s, so, for example, the password cannot be password (two characters s are adjacent). Can you help Polycarp with choosing the perfect layout of the keyboard, if it is possible? Input The first line contains one integer T (1 ≀ T ≀ 1000) β€” the number of test cases. Then T lines follow, each containing one string s (1 ≀ |s| ≀ 200) representing the test case. s consists of lowercase Latin letters only. There are no two adjacent equal characters in s. Output For each test case, do the following: * if it is impossible to assemble a perfect keyboard, print NO (in upper case, it matters in this problem); * otherwise, print YES (in upper case), and then a string consisting of 26 lowercase Latin letters β€” the perfect layout. Each Latin letter should appear in this string exactly once. If there are multiple answers, print any of them. Example Input 5 ababa codedoca abcda zxzytyz abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyza Output YES bacdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz YES edocabfghijklmnpqrstuvwxyz NO YES xzytabcdefghijklmnopqrsuvw NO
instruction
0
15,199
6
30,398
Tags: dfs and similar, greedy, implementation Correct Solution: ``` from sys import stdin input=lambda : stdin.readline().strip() from math import ceil,sqrt,factorial,gcd from collections import deque for _ in range(int(input())): ans=deque() s=input() ans.append(s[0]) a=0 flag="YES" for i in range(1,len(s)): if a==0: if len(ans)>1: if ans[a+1]==s[i]: a+=1 else: ans.appendleft(s[i]) else: ans.append(s[i]) a+=1 elif a==len(ans)-1: if ans[a-1]==s[i]: a-=1 else: ans.append(s[i]) a+=1 else: if ans[a-1]==s[i]: a-=1 elif ans[a+1]==s[i]: a+=1 else: flag="NO" break for i in range(97,123): if chr(i) not in ans: ans.append(chr(i)) if len(ans)!=26: flag="NO" print(flag) if flag=="YES": print("".join(ans)) ```
output
1
15,199
6
30,399
Provide tags and a correct Python 3 solution for this coding contest problem. Polycarp wants to assemble his own keyboard. Layouts with multiple rows are too complicated for him β€” his keyboard will consist of only one row, where all 26 lowercase Latin letters will be arranged in some order. Polycarp uses the same password s on all websites where he is registered (it is bad, but he doesn't care). He wants to assemble a keyboard that will allow to type this password very easily. He doesn't like to move his fingers while typing the password, so, for each pair of adjacent characters in s, they should be adjacent on the keyboard. For example, if the password is abacaba, then the layout cabdefghi... is perfect, since characters a and c are adjacent on the keyboard, and a and b are adjacent on the keyboard. It is guaranteed that there are no two adjacent equal characters in s, so, for example, the password cannot be password (two characters s are adjacent). Can you help Polycarp with choosing the perfect layout of the keyboard, if it is possible? Input The first line contains one integer T (1 ≀ T ≀ 1000) β€” the number of test cases. Then T lines follow, each containing one string s (1 ≀ |s| ≀ 200) representing the test case. s consists of lowercase Latin letters only. There are no two adjacent equal characters in s. Output For each test case, do the following: * if it is impossible to assemble a perfect keyboard, print NO (in upper case, it matters in this problem); * otherwise, print YES (in upper case), and then a string consisting of 26 lowercase Latin letters β€” the perfect layout. Each Latin letter should appear in this string exactly once. If there are multiple answers, print any of them. Example Input 5 ababa codedoca abcda zxzytyz abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyza Output YES bacdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz YES edocabfghijklmnpqrstuvwxyz NO YES xzytabcdefghijklmnopqrsuvw NO
instruction
0
15,200
6
30,400
Tags: dfs and similar, greedy, implementation Correct Solution: ``` for _ in range(int(input())): s=input() p=s[0] c="" q="abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz" flag=0 for i in range(1,len(s)): if s[i] in p: k=p.find(s[i]) if(len(p)==1): if(s[i]!=p[0]): p+=s[i] elif k==0 : if p[1]!=s[i-1]: flag=1 break elif k==(len(p)-1): if p[k-1]!=s[i-1]: flag=1 break elif p[k-1]!=s[i-1] and p[k+1]!=s[i-1]: flag=1 break else: k=p.find(s[i-1]) if k==0: c=p p=s[i] p+=c elif k==(len(p)-1): p+=s[i] else: flag=1 break if flag==1: print("NO") else : print("YES") for i in q: if i not in p: p+=i print(p) ```
output
1
15,200
6
30,401
Provide tags and a correct Python 3 solution for this coding contest problem. Polycarp wants to assemble his own keyboard. Layouts with multiple rows are too complicated for him β€” his keyboard will consist of only one row, where all 26 lowercase Latin letters will be arranged in some order. Polycarp uses the same password s on all websites where he is registered (it is bad, but he doesn't care). He wants to assemble a keyboard that will allow to type this password very easily. He doesn't like to move his fingers while typing the password, so, for each pair of adjacent characters in s, they should be adjacent on the keyboard. For example, if the password is abacaba, then the layout cabdefghi... is perfect, since characters a and c are adjacent on the keyboard, and a and b are adjacent on the keyboard. It is guaranteed that there are no two adjacent equal characters in s, so, for example, the password cannot be password (two characters s are adjacent). Can you help Polycarp with choosing the perfect layout of the keyboard, if it is possible? Input The first line contains one integer T (1 ≀ T ≀ 1000) β€” the number of test cases. Then T lines follow, each containing one string s (1 ≀ |s| ≀ 200) representing the test case. s consists of lowercase Latin letters only. There are no two adjacent equal characters in s. Output For each test case, do the following: * if it is impossible to assemble a perfect keyboard, print NO (in upper case, it matters in this problem); * otherwise, print YES (in upper case), and then a string consisting of 26 lowercase Latin letters β€” the perfect layout. Each Latin letter should appear in this string exactly once. If there are multiple answers, print any of them. Example Input 5 ababa codedoca abcda zxzytyz abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyza Output YES bacdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz YES edocabfghijklmnpqrstuvwxyz NO YES xzytabcdefghijklmnopqrsuvw NO
instruction
0
15,201
6
30,402
Tags: dfs and similar, greedy, implementation Correct Solution: ``` t = int(input()) for i in range(t): s = input() f = True st = set() answer = '' pos = 0 n = 0 for l in s: if l not in st: st.add(l) n += 1 if pos == n - 1: answer = answer + l pos += 1 elif pos == 1: answer = l + answer else: f = False break else: if pos < n: if answer[pos] == l: pos += 1 continue if pos > 1: if answer[pos - 2] == l: pos -= 1 continue f = False break if f: print('YES') print(answer, end='') for l in 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz': if l not in st: print(l, end='') print() else: print('NO') ```
output
1
15,201
6
30,403
Provide tags and a correct Python 3 solution for this coding contest problem. Polycarp wants to assemble his own keyboard. Layouts with multiple rows are too complicated for him β€” his keyboard will consist of only one row, where all 26 lowercase Latin letters will be arranged in some order. Polycarp uses the same password s on all websites where he is registered (it is bad, but he doesn't care). He wants to assemble a keyboard that will allow to type this password very easily. He doesn't like to move his fingers while typing the password, so, for each pair of adjacent characters in s, they should be adjacent on the keyboard. For example, if the password is abacaba, then the layout cabdefghi... is perfect, since characters a and c are adjacent on the keyboard, and a and b are adjacent on the keyboard. It is guaranteed that there are no two adjacent equal characters in s, so, for example, the password cannot be password (two characters s are adjacent). Can you help Polycarp with choosing the perfect layout of the keyboard, if it is possible? Input The first line contains one integer T (1 ≀ T ≀ 1000) β€” the number of test cases. Then T lines follow, each containing one string s (1 ≀ |s| ≀ 200) representing the test case. s consists of lowercase Latin letters only. There are no two adjacent equal characters in s. Output For each test case, do the following: * if it is impossible to assemble a perfect keyboard, print NO (in upper case, it matters in this problem); * otherwise, print YES (in upper case), and then a string consisting of 26 lowercase Latin letters β€” the perfect layout. Each Latin letter should appear in this string exactly once. If there are multiple answers, print any of them. Example Input 5 ababa codedoca abcda zxzytyz abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyza Output YES bacdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz YES edocabfghijklmnpqrstuvwxyz NO YES xzytabcdefghijklmnopqrsuvw NO
instruction
0
15,202
6
30,404
Tags: dfs and similar, greedy, implementation Correct Solution: ``` for _ in range(int(input())): s = input() finish = "" x = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h', 'i', 'j', 'k', 'l', 'm', 'n', 'o', 'p', 'q', 'r', 's', 't', 'u', 'v', 'w', 'x', 'y', 'z'] y = [0]*52 u = 26 d = len(s) ok = True s1 = list(s) for i in range(d): if (s1[i] in x): x.remove(s1[i]) if y[u-1]==s1[i]: u -= 1 elif y[u+1]==s1[i]: u += 1 else: if y[u-1]==0: u -= 1 if (s1[i] in y): finish += "NO" ok = False break else: y[u]=s1[i] elif y[u+1]==0: u += 1 if (s1[i] in y): finish += "NO" ok = False break else: y[u]=s1[i] else: finish += "NO" ok = False break if ok: finish += "YES\n" for i in range(52): if y[i]!=0: finish += y[i] for i in range(len(x)): finish += x[i] print(finish) ```
output
1
15,202
6
30,405
Provide tags and a correct Python 3 solution for this coding contest problem. Polycarp wants to assemble his own keyboard. Layouts with multiple rows are too complicated for him β€” his keyboard will consist of only one row, where all 26 lowercase Latin letters will be arranged in some order. Polycarp uses the same password s on all websites where he is registered (it is bad, but he doesn't care). He wants to assemble a keyboard that will allow to type this password very easily. He doesn't like to move his fingers while typing the password, so, for each pair of adjacent characters in s, they should be adjacent on the keyboard. For example, if the password is abacaba, then the layout cabdefghi... is perfect, since characters a and c are adjacent on the keyboard, and a and b are adjacent on the keyboard. It is guaranteed that there are no two adjacent equal characters in s, so, for example, the password cannot be password (two characters s are adjacent). Can you help Polycarp with choosing the perfect layout of the keyboard, if it is possible? Input The first line contains one integer T (1 ≀ T ≀ 1000) β€” the number of test cases. Then T lines follow, each containing one string s (1 ≀ |s| ≀ 200) representing the test case. s consists of lowercase Latin letters only. There are no two adjacent equal characters in s. Output For each test case, do the following: * if it is impossible to assemble a perfect keyboard, print NO (in upper case, it matters in this problem); * otherwise, print YES (in upper case), and then a string consisting of 26 lowercase Latin letters β€” the perfect layout. Each Latin letter should appear in this string exactly once. If there are multiple answers, print any of them. Example Input 5 ababa codedoca abcda zxzytyz abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyza Output YES bacdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz YES edocabfghijklmnpqrstuvwxyz NO YES xzytabcdefghijklmnopqrsuvw NO
instruction
0
15,203
6
30,406
Tags: dfs and similar, greedy, implementation Correct Solution: ``` import sys from collections import deque alf = set(list('qwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnm')) input = lambda: sys.stdin.readline().strip() # print(help(deque)) for i in range(int(input())): s = input() ans = deque() used = set([s[0]]) ans.append(s[0]) f = False ind = 0 for i in range(len(s)-1): if s[i+1]in used: if ind==0: if ans[1]==s[i+1]: ind = 1 else: f = True break elif ind == len(ans)-1: if ans[ind-1]==s[i+1]: ind -= 1 else: f = True break else: if ans[ind-1]==s[i+1]: ind -= 1 elif ans[ind+1]==s[i+1]: ind += 1 else: f = True break else: used.add(s[i+1]) if ind==0: ans.appendleft(s[i+1]) elif ind == len(ans)-1: ans.append(s[i+1]) ind+=1 else: f = True break if f: print('NO') else: print("YES") print(''.join(ans)+''.join(list(alf-set(ans)))) ```
output
1
15,203
6
30,407
Provide tags and a correct Python 3 solution for this coding contest problem. Polycarp wants to assemble his own keyboard. Layouts with multiple rows are too complicated for him β€” his keyboard will consist of only one row, where all 26 lowercase Latin letters will be arranged in some order. Polycarp uses the same password s on all websites where he is registered (it is bad, but he doesn't care). He wants to assemble a keyboard that will allow to type this password very easily. He doesn't like to move his fingers while typing the password, so, for each pair of adjacent characters in s, they should be adjacent on the keyboard. For example, if the password is abacaba, then the layout cabdefghi... is perfect, since characters a and c are adjacent on the keyboard, and a and b are adjacent on the keyboard. It is guaranteed that there are no two adjacent equal characters in s, so, for example, the password cannot be password (two characters s are adjacent). Can you help Polycarp with choosing the perfect layout of the keyboard, if it is possible? Input The first line contains one integer T (1 ≀ T ≀ 1000) β€” the number of test cases. Then T lines follow, each containing one string s (1 ≀ |s| ≀ 200) representing the test case. s consists of lowercase Latin letters only. There are no two adjacent equal characters in s. Output For each test case, do the following: * if it is impossible to assemble a perfect keyboard, print NO (in upper case, it matters in this problem); * otherwise, print YES (in upper case), and then a string consisting of 26 lowercase Latin letters β€” the perfect layout. Each Latin letter should appear in this string exactly once. If there are multiple answers, print any of them. Example Input 5 ababa codedoca abcda zxzytyz abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyza Output YES bacdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz YES edocabfghijklmnpqrstuvwxyz NO YES xzytabcdefghijklmnopqrsuvw NO
instruction
0
15,204
6
30,408
Tags: dfs and similar, greedy, implementation Correct Solution: ``` from collections import Counter from collections import deque from sys import stdin from bisect import * from heapq import * import math g = lambda : stdin.readline().strip() gl = lambda : g().split() gil = lambda : [int(var) for var in gl()] gfl = lambda : [float(var) for var in gl()] gcl = lambda : list(g()) gbs = lambda : [int(var) for var in g()] mod = int(1e9)+7 inf = float("inf") t, = gil() for _ in range(t): s = g() n = len(s) graph = {} flag = True for i in range(n): if s[i] not in graph: graph[s[i]] = set() if i : graph[s[i]].add(s[i-1]) if i+1 < n: graph[s[i]].add(s[i+1]) if len(graph[s[i]]) > 2: flag = False if n == 1: print("YES") print("abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz") elif flag : for ch in graph: if len(graph[ch]) == 1: break if len(graph[ch]) == 1: print("YES") ans = [ch]; l = 1 while len(ans) == l: for ch in graph[ans[-1]]: if ch not in ans: ans.append(ch) break l += 1 for ch in "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz": if ch not in ans : ans.append(ch) print("".join(ans)) else: print("NO") else: print("NO") ```
output
1
15,204
6
30,409
Provide tags and a correct Python 2 solution for this coding contest problem. Polycarp wants to assemble his own keyboard. Layouts with multiple rows are too complicated for him β€” his keyboard will consist of only one row, where all 26 lowercase Latin letters will be arranged in some order. Polycarp uses the same password s on all websites where he is registered (it is bad, but he doesn't care). He wants to assemble a keyboard that will allow to type this password very easily. He doesn't like to move his fingers while typing the password, so, for each pair of adjacent characters in s, they should be adjacent on the keyboard. For example, if the password is abacaba, then the layout cabdefghi... is perfect, since characters a and c are adjacent on the keyboard, and a and b are adjacent on the keyboard. It is guaranteed that there are no two adjacent equal characters in s, so, for example, the password cannot be password (two characters s are adjacent). Can you help Polycarp with choosing the perfect layout of the keyboard, if it is possible? Input The first line contains one integer T (1 ≀ T ≀ 1000) β€” the number of test cases. Then T lines follow, each containing one string s (1 ≀ |s| ≀ 200) representing the test case. s consists of lowercase Latin letters only. There are no two adjacent equal characters in s. Output For each test case, do the following: * if it is impossible to assemble a perfect keyboard, print NO (in upper case, it matters in this problem); * otherwise, print YES (in upper case), and then a string consisting of 26 lowercase Latin letters β€” the perfect layout. Each Latin letter should appear in this string exactly once. If there are multiple answers, print any of them. Example Input 5 ababa codedoca abcda zxzytyz abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyza Output YES bacdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz YES edocabfghijklmnpqrstuvwxyz NO YES xzytabcdefghijklmnopqrsuvw NO
instruction
0
15,205
6
30,410
Tags: dfs and similar, greedy, implementation Correct Solution: ``` from sys import stdin, stdout from collections import Counter, defaultdict from itertools import permutations, combinations from fractions import gcd import heapq raw_input = stdin.readline pr = stdout.write mod=998244353 def ni(): return int(raw_input()) def li(): return list(map(int,raw_input().split())) def pn(n): stdout.write(str(n)+'\n') def pa(arr): pr(' '.join(map(str,arr))+'\n') # fast read function for total integer input def inp(): # this function returns whole input of # space/line seperated integers # Use Ctrl+D to flush stdin. return tuple(map(int,stdin.read().split())) range = xrange # not for python 3.0+ # main code for t in range(ni()): s=raw_input().strip() d=defaultdict(set) n=len(s) for i in range(1,n): if s[i]==s[i-1]: continue d[s[i-1]].add(s[i]) d[s[i]].add(s[i-1]) f=0 c=0 st='' for i in d: if len(d[i])>2: f=1 break elif len(d[i])==2: c+=1 else: st=i if f or c>max(0,len(d)-2): pr('NO\n') continue q=[st] vis=Counter() vis[st]=1 ans='' while q: x=q.pop(0) ans+=x for i in d[x]: if not vis[i]: vis[i]=1 q.append(i) for i in range(97,97+26): if not d[chr(i)]: ans+=chr(i) pr('YES\n') pr(ans+'\n') ```
output
1
15,205
6
30,411
Provide tags and a correct Python 3 solution for this coding contest problem. A string is called diverse if it contains consecutive (adjacent) letters of the Latin alphabet and each letter occurs exactly once. For example, the following strings are diverse: "fced", "xyz", "r" and "dabcef". The following string are not diverse: "az", "aa", "bad" and "babc". Note that the letters 'a' and 'z' are not adjacent. Formally, consider positions of all letters in the string in the alphabet. These positions should form contiguous segment, i.e. they should come one by one without any gaps. And all letters in the string should be distinct (duplicates are not allowed). You are given a sequence of strings. For each string, if it is diverse, print "Yes". Otherwise, print "No". Input The first line contains integer n (1 ≀ n ≀ 100), denoting the number of strings to process. The following n lines contains strings, one string per line. Each string contains only lowercase Latin letters, its length is between 1 and 100, inclusive. Output Print n lines, one line per a string in the input. The line should contain "Yes" if the corresponding string is diverse and "No" if the corresponding string is not diverse. You can print each letter in any case (upper or lower). For example, "YeS", "no" and "yES" are all acceptable. Example Input 8 fced xyz r dabcef az aa bad babc Output Yes Yes Yes Yes No No No No
instruction
0
16,004
6
32,008
Tags: implementation, strings Correct Solution: ``` n = int(input()) for i in range(n): l = sorted(input()) s = set() s.update(l) print('Yes' if ord(l[-1]) - ord(l[0]) == len(l) - 1 and len(s) == len(l) else 'No') ```
output
1
16,004
6
32,009
Provide tags and a correct Python 3 solution for this coding contest problem. A string is called diverse if it contains consecutive (adjacent) letters of the Latin alphabet and each letter occurs exactly once. For example, the following strings are diverse: "fced", "xyz", "r" and "dabcef". The following string are not diverse: "az", "aa", "bad" and "babc". Note that the letters 'a' and 'z' are not adjacent. Formally, consider positions of all letters in the string in the alphabet. These positions should form contiguous segment, i.e. they should come one by one without any gaps. And all letters in the string should be distinct (duplicates are not allowed). You are given a sequence of strings. For each string, if it is diverse, print "Yes". Otherwise, print "No". Input The first line contains integer n (1 ≀ n ≀ 100), denoting the number of strings to process. The following n lines contains strings, one string per line. Each string contains only lowercase Latin letters, its length is between 1 and 100, inclusive. Output Print n lines, one line per a string in the input. The line should contain "Yes" if the corresponding string is diverse and "No" if the corresponding string is not diverse. You can print each letter in any case (upper or lower). For example, "YeS", "no" and "yES" are all acceptable. Example Input 8 fced xyz r dabcef az aa bad babc Output Yes Yes Yes Yes No No No No
instruction
0
16,005
6
32,010
Tags: implementation, strings Correct Solution: ``` t=int(input()) for j in range(t): s=input() n=len(s) d=0 c = [s[i] for i in range(len(s))] c.sort(reverse = False) for i in range(n-1): if(ord(c[i])==(ord(c[i+1])-1)): d=d+1 if(d==(n-1)): print("Yes") else: print("No") ```
output
1
16,005
6
32,011
Provide tags and a correct Python 3 solution for this coding contest problem. A string is called diverse if it contains consecutive (adjacent) letters of the Latin alphabet and each letter occurs exactly once. For example, the following strings are diverse: "fced", "xyz", "r" and "dabcef". The following string are not diverse: "az", "aa", "bad" and "babc". Note that the letters 'a' and 'z' are not adjacent. Formally, consider positions of all letters in the string in the alphabet. These positions should form contiguous segment, i.e. they should come one by one without any gaps. And all letters in the string should be distinct (duplicates are not allowed). You are given a sequence of strings. For each string, if it is diverse, print "Yes". Otherwise, print "No". Input The first line contains integer n (1 ≀ n ≀ 100), denoting the number of strings to process. The following n lines contains strings, one string per line. Each string contains only lowercase Latin letters, its length is between 1 and 100, inclusive. Output Print n lines, one line per a string in the input. The line should contain "Yes" if the corresponding string is diverse and "No" if the corresponding string is not diverse. You can print each letter in any case (upper or lower). For example, "YeS", "no" and "yES" are all acceptable. Example Input 8 fced xyz r dabcef az aa bad babc Output Yes Yes Yes Yes No No No No
instruction
0
16,006
6
32,012
Tags: implementation, strings Correct Solution: ``` def check(s): s = sorted(s) for i in range(1, len(s)): if ord(s[i]) - ord(s[i-1]) != 1: return 'No' return 'Yes' n = int(input()) for i in range(n): print(check(input())) ```
output
1
16,006
6
32,013
Provide tags and a correct Python 3 solution for this coding contest problem. A string is called diverse if it contains consecutive (adjacent) letters of the Latin alphabet and each letter occurs exactly once. For example, the following strings are diverse: "fced", "xyz", "r" and "dabcef". The following string are not diverse: "az", "aa", "bad" and "babc". Note that the letters 'a' and 'z' are not adjacent. Formally, consider positions of all letters in the string in the alphabet. These positions should form contiguous segment, i.e. they should come one by one without any gaps. And all letters in the string should be distinct (duplicates are not allowed). You are given a sequence of strings. For each string, if it is diverse, print "Yes". Otherwise, print "No". Input The first line contains integer n (1 ≀ n ≀ 100), denoting the number of strings to process. The following n lines contains strings, one string per line. Each string contains only lowercase Latin letters, its length is between 1 and 100, inclusive. Output Print n lines, one line per a string in the input. The line should contain "Yes" if the corresponding string is diverse and "No" if the corresponding string is not diverse. You can print each letter in any case (upper or lower). For example, "YeS", "no" and "yES" are all acceptable. Example Input 8 fced xyz r dabcef az aa bad babc Output Yes Yes Yes Yes No No No No
instruction
0
16,007
6
32,014
Tags: implementation, strings Correct Solution: ``` n=int(input()) for i in range(n): s=input() l=[] for j in s: l.append(j) l.sort() c=0 for j in range(0,len(l)-1,1): if(ord(l[j+1])-ord(l[j])!=1): c=c+1 break if(c==1): print("No") else: print("Yes") ```
output
1
16,007
6
32,015
Provide tags and a correct Python 3 solution for this coding contest problem. A string is called diverse if it contains consecutive (adjacent) letters of the Latin alphabet and each letter occurs exactly once. For example, the following strings are diverse: "fced", "xyz", "r" and "dabcef". The following string are not diverse: "az", "aa", "bad" and "babc". Note that the letters 'a' and 'z' are not adjacent. Formally, consider positions of all letters in the string in the alphabet. These positions should form contiguous segment, i.e. they should come one by one without any gaps. And all letters in the string should be distinct (duplicates are not allowed). You are given a sequence of strings. For each string, if it is diverse, print "Yes". Otherwise, print "No". Input The first line contains integer n (1 ≀ n ≀ 100), denoting the number of strings to process. The following n lines contains strings, one string per line. Each string contains only lowercase Latin letters, its length is between 1 and 100, inclusive. Output Print n lines, one line per a string in the input. The line should contain "Yes" if the corresponding string is diverse and "No" if the corresponding string is not diverse. You can print each letter in any case (upper or lower). For example, "YeS", "no" and "yES" are all acceptable. Example Input 8 fced xyz r dabcef az aa bad babc Output Yes Yes Yes Yes No No No No
instruction
0
16,008
6
32,016
Tags: implementation, strings Correct Solution: ``` for _ in range(int(input())): s=list(input()) a=set(s) print(['NO','YES'][len(s)==len(a) and ord(max(s))-ord((min(s)))+1==len(s)]) ```
output
1
16,008
6
32,017
Provide tags and a correct Python 3 solution for this coding contest problem. A string is called diverse if it contains consecutive (adjacent) letters of the Latin alphabet and each letter occurs exactly once. For example, the following strings are diverse: "fced", "xyz", "r" and "dabcef". The following string are not diverse: "az", "aa", "bad" and "babc". Note that the letters 'a' and 'z' are not adjacent. Formally, consider positions of all letters in the string in the alphabet. These positions should form contiguous segment, i.e. they should come one by one without any gaps. And all letters in the string should be distinct (duplicates are not allowed). You are given a sequence of strings. For each string, if it is diverse, print "Yes". Otherwise, print "No". Input The first line contains integer n (1 ≀ n ≀ 100), denoting the number of strings to process. The following n lines contains strings, one string per line. Each string contains only lowercase Latin letters, its length is between 1 and 100, inclusive. Output Print n lines, one line per a string in the input. The line should contain "Yes" if the corresponding string is diverse and "No" if the corresponding string is not diverse. You can print each letter in any case (upper or lower). For example, "YeS", "no" and "yES" are all acceptable. Example Input 8 fced xyz r dabcef az aa bad babc Output Yes Yes Yes Yes No No No No
instruction
0
16,009
6
32,018
Tags: implementation, strings Correct Solution: ``` def diverse(s): if len(s) == 1 or len(s) == 0: return True s = [c for c in s] s.sort() if not all(abs(ord(s[i])-ord(s[i+1])) == 1 for i in range(len(s)-1)): return False return True for _ in range(int(input())): if diverse(input()): print("Yes") else: print("No") ```
output
1
16,009
6
32,019
Provide tags and a correct Python 3 solution for this coding contest problem. A string is called diverse if it contains consecutive (adjacent) letters of the Latin alphabet and each letter occurs exactly once. For example, the following strings are diverse: "fced", "xyz", "r" and "dabcef". The following string are not diverse: "az", "aa", "bad" and "babc". Note that the letters 'a' and 'z' are not adjacent. Formally, consider positions of all letters in the string in the alphabet. These positions should form contiguous segment, i.e. they should come one by one without any gaps. And all letters in the string should be distinct (duplicates are not allowed). You are given a sequence of strings. For each string, if it is diverse, print "Yes". Otherwise, print "No". Input The first line contains integer n (1 ≀ n ≀ 100), denoting the number of strings to process. The following n lines contains strings, one string per line. Each string contains only lowercase Latin letters, its length is between 1 and 100, inclusive. Output Print n lines, one line per a string in the input. The line should contain "Yes" if the corresponding string is diverse and "No" if the corresponding string is not diverse. You can print each letter in any case (upper or lower). For example, "YeS", "no" and "yES" are all acceptable. Example Input 8 fced xyz r dabcef az aa bad babc Output Yes Yes Yes Yes No No No No
instruction
0
16,010
6
32,020
Tags: implementation, strings Correct Solution: ``` n=int(input()) for i in range(n): f=0 a=input() b=sorted(a) for j in range(len(a)-1): if ord(b[j])+1==ord(b[j+1]): continue else: f=1 break if f==1: print('No') else: print('Yes') ```
output
1
16,010
6
32,021
Provide tags and a correct Python 3 solution for this coding contest problem. A string is called diverse if it contains consecutive (adjacent) letters of the Latin alphabet and each letter occurs exactly once. For example, the following strings are diverse: "fced", "xyz", "r" and "dabcef". The following string are not diverse: "az", "aa", "bad" and "babc". Note that the letters 'a' and 'z' are not adjacent. Formally, consider positions of all letters in the string in the alphabet. These positions should form contiguous segment, i.e. they should come one by one without any gaps. And all letters in the string should be distinct (duplicates are not allowed). You are given a sequence of strings. For each string, if it is diverse, print "Yes". Otherwise, print "No". Input The first line contains integer n (1 ≀ n ≀ 100), denoting the number of strings to process. The following n lines contains strings, one string per line. Each string contains only lowercase Latin letters, its length is between 1 and 100, inclusive. Output Print n lines, one line per a string in the input. The line should contain "Yes" if the corresponding string is diverse and "No" if the corresponding string is not diverse. You can print each letter in any case (upper or lower). For example, "YeS", "no" and "yES" are all acceptable. Example Input 8 fced xyz r dabcef az aa bad babc Output Yes Yes Yes Yes No No No No
instruction
0
16,011
6
32,022
Tags: implementation, strings Correct Solution: ``` n= int(input()) L = [] for i in range(n): L.append(input()) for i in L: i = ''.join(sorted(i)) x = True for j in range(len(i)-1): if (ord(i[j+1])-ord(i[j]))!=1: x = False if x: print("YES") else: print("NO") ```
output
1
16,011
6
32,023
Provide tags and a correct Python 3 solution for this coding contest problem. You are given a text that consists of lowercase Latin letters, spaces and punctuation marks (dot, comma, exclamation mark and question mark). A word is defined as a sequence of consecutive Latin letters. Your task is to add spaces to the text by the following rules: * if there is no punctuation mark between two words, then they should be separated by exactly one space * there should be no spaces before each punctuation mark * there should be exactly one space after each punctuation mark It is guaranteed that there is at least one word between any two punctuation marks. The text begins and ends with a Latin letter. Input The input data contains of a single non-empty line β€” the text whose length is no more than 10000 characters. Output Print the text, edited according to the rules. In this problem you should follow the output format very strictly. For example, extra space at the end of the output line is considered as wrong answer. Note that a newline character at the end of the line doesn't matter. Examples Input galileo galilei was an italian physicist ,mathematician,astronomer Output galileo galilei was an italian physicist, mathematician, astronomer Input galileo was born in pisa Output galileo was born in pisa
instruction
0
16,194
6
32,388
Tags: implementation, strings Correct Solution: ``` import re s = input().strip() s = re.sub('\s+', ' ', s) s = re.sub('\s?([.,!?])\s?', '\\1 ', s) print(s) ```
output
1
16,194
6
32,389
Provide tags and a correct Python 3 solution for this coding contest problem. You are given a text that consists of lowercase Latin letters, spaces and punctuation marks (dot, comma, exclamation mark and question mark). A word is defined as a sequence of consecutive Latin letters. Your task is to add spaces to the text by the following rules: * if there is no punctuation mark between two words, then they should be separated by exactly one space * there should be no spaces before each punctuation mark * there should be exactly one space after each punctuation mark It is guaranteed that there is at least one word between any two punctuation marks. The text begins and ends with a Latin letter. Input The input data contains of a single non-empty line β€” the text whose length is no more than 10000 characters. Output Print the text, edited according to the rules. In this problem you should follow the output format very strictly. For example, extra space at the end of the output line is considered as wrong answer. Note that a newline character at the end of the line doesn't matter. Examples Input galileo galilei was an italian physicist ,mathematician,astronomer Output galileo galilei was an italian physicist, mathematician, astronomer Input galileo was born in pisa Output galileo was born in pisa
instruction
0
16,195
6
32,390
Tags: implementation, strings Correct Solution: ``` string = input() string = " ".join(string.split()) for j in ".,!?": string = string.split(f"{j}") for i in range(len(string)): string[i] = string[i].strip() string = f"{j} ".join(string) print(string) ```
output
1
16,195
6
32,391
Provide tags and a correct Python 3 solution for this coding contest problem. You are given a text that consists of lowercase Latin letters, spaces and punctuation marks (dot, comma, exclamation mark and question mark). A word is defined as a sequence of consecutive Latin letters. Your task is to add spaces to the text by the following rules: * if there is no punctuation mark between two words, then they should be separated by exactly one space * there should be no spaces before each punctuation mark * there should be exactly one space after each punctuation mark It is guaranteed that there is at least one word between any two punctuation marks. The text begins and ends with a Latin letter. Input The input data contains of a single non-empty line β€” the text whose length is no more than 10000 characters. Output Print the text, edited according to the rules. In this problem you should follow the output format very strictly. For example, extra space at the end of the output line is considered as wrong answer. Note that a newline character at the end of the line doesn't matter. Examples Input galileo galilei was an italian physicist ,mathematician,astronomer Output galileo galilei was an italian physicist, mathematician, astronomer Input galileo was born in pisa Output galileo was born in pisa
instruction
0
16,196
6
32,392
Tags: implementation, strings Correct Solution: ``` sp = False for ch in input(): if ch == ' ': sp = True elif ch.islower(): print(('', ' ')[sp] + ch, end='') sp = False else: print(ch, end='') sp = True ```
output
1
16,196
6
32,393
Provide tags and a correct Python 3 solution for this coding contest problem. You are given a text that consists of lowercase Latin letters, spaces and punctuation marks (dot, comma, exclamation mark and question mark). A word is defined as a sequence of consecutive Latin letters. Your task is to add spaces to the text by the following rules: * if there is no punctuation mark between two words, then they should be separated by exactly one space * there should be no spaces before each punctuation mark * there should be exactly one space after each punctuation mark It is guaranteed that there is at least one word between any two punctuation marks. The text begins and ends with a Latin letter. Input The input data contains of a single non-empty line β€” the text whose length is no more than 10000 characters. Output Print the text, edited according to the rules. In this problem you should follow the output format very strictly. For example, extra space at the end of the output line is considered as wrong answer. Note that a newline character at the end of the line doesn't matter. Examples Input galileo galilei was an italian physicist ,mathematician,astronomer Output galileo galilei was an italian physicist, mathematician, astronomer Input galileo was born in pisa Output galileo was born in pisa
instruction
0
16,197
6
32,394
Tags: implementation, strings Correct Solution: ``` # Why do we fall ? So we can learn to pick ourselves up. import re ss = input().strip() s = re.findall("[\w']+|[.,!?]",ss) ans = "" for i in s: if i == ',' or i == '?' or i == '!' or i == '.': ans = ans.strip() ans += i+" " else: ans += i+" " print(ans.strip()) ```
output
1
16,197
6
32,395
Provide tags and a correct Python 3 solution for this coding contest problem. You are given a text that consists of lowercase Latin letters, spaces and punctuation marks (dot, comma, exclamation mark and question mark). A word is defined as a sequence of consecutive Latin letters. Your task is to add spaces to the text by the following rules: * if there is no punctuation mark between two words, then they should be separated by exactly one space * there should be no spaces before each punctuation mark * there should be exactly one space after each punctuation mark It is guaranteed that there is at least one word between any two punctuation marks. The text begins and ends with a Latin letter. Input The input data contains of a single non-empty line β€” the text whose length is no more than 10000 characters. Output Print the text, edited according to the rules. In this problem you should follow the output format very strictly. For example, extra space at the end of the output line is considered as wrong answer. Note that a newline character at the end of the line doesn't matter. Examples Input galileo galilei was an italian physicist ,mathematician,astronomer Output galileo galilei was an italian physicist, mathematician, astronomer Input galileo was born in pisa Output galileo was born in pisa
instruction
0
16,198
6
32,396
Tags: implementation, strings Correct Solution: ``` x=list(map(str,input())) z="" i=0 while (i<len(x)): while (i<len(x)) and (x[i]!=" ") : if (x[i]==".") or (x[i]==",") or (x[i]=="!") or (x[i]=="?") and (x[i+1]!=" "): z=z+x[i]+" " else: z=z+x[i] i+=1 if (i+1<len(x)): if (x[i+1]!=" ") and (x[i+1]!=".")and(x[i+1]!="?")and(x[i+1]!=",")and(x[i+1]!="!")and (z[len(z)-1]!=" ") : z=z+x[i] i+=1 print (z) ```
output
1
16,198
6
32,397
Provide tags and a correct Python 3 solution for this coding contest problem. You are given a text that consists of lowercase Latin letters, spaces and punctuation marks (dot, comma, exclamation mark and question mark). A word is defined as a sequence of consecutive Latin letters. Your task is to add spaces to the text by the following rules: * if there is no punctuation mark between two words, then they should be separated by exactly one space * there should be no spaces before each punctuation mark * there should be exactly one space after each punctuation mark It is guaranteed that there is at least one word between any two punctuation marks. The text begins and ends with a Latin letter. Input The input data contains of a single non-empty line β€” the text whose length is no more than 10000 characters. Output Print the text, edited according to the rules. In this problem you should follow the output format very strictly. For example, extra space at the end of the output line is considered as wrong answer. Note that a newline character at the end of the line doesn't matter. Examples Input galileo galilei was an italian physicist ,mathematician,astronomer Output galileo galilei was an italian physicist, mathematician, astronomer Input galileo was born in pisa Output galileo was born in pisa
instruction
0
16,199
6
32,398
Tags: implementation, strings Correct Solution: ``` def main(): line = input() lineout=[] for i in range(len(line)): if line[i] == ' ' and i+1 < len(line): if line[i+1] == ',' or line[i+1] == '.' or line[i+1] == '!' or line[i+1] == '?': pass elif line[i+1] == ' ': pass else: lineout.append(' ') elif (line[i] == ',' or line[i] == '.' or line[i] == '!' or line[i] == '?' )and i+1 < len(line): if line[i+1] == ' ': lineout.append(line[i]) else: lineout.append(line[i]) lineout.append(' ') else: lineout.append(line[i]) print(''.join(lineout)) if __name__ == '__main__': main() ```
output
1
16,199
6
32,399
Provide tags and a correct Python 3 solution for this coding contest problem. You are given a text that consists of lowercase Latin letters, spaces and punctuation marks (dot, comma, exclamation mark and question mark). A word is defined as a sequence of consecutive Latin letters. Your task is to add spaces to the text by the following rules: * if there is no punctuation mark between two words, then they should be separated by exactly one space * there should be no spaces before each punctuation mark * there should be exactly one space after each punctuation mark It is guaranteed that there is at least one word between any two punctuation marks. The text begins and ends with a Latin letter. Input The input data contains of a single non-empty line β€” the text whose length is no more than 10000 characters. Output Print the text, edited according to the rules. In this problem you should follow the output format very strictly. For example, extra space at the end of the output line is considered as wrong answer. Note that a newline character at the end of the line doesn't matter. Examples Input galileo galilei was an italian physicist ,mathematician,astronomer Output galileo galilei was an italian physicist, mathematician, astronomer Input galileo was born in pisa Output galileo was born in pisa
instruction
0
16,200
6
32,400
Tags: implementation, strings Correct Solution: ``` s = input() for ch in ',.!?': s = s.replace(ch, ch + ' ') while ' ' in s: s = s.replace(' ', ' ') for ch in ',.!?': s = s.replace(' ' + ch, ch) print(s.strip()) ```
output
1
16,200
6
32,401
Provide tags and a correct Python 3 solution for this coding contest problem. You are given a text that consists of lowercase Latin letters, spaces and punctuation marks (dot, comma, exclamation mark and question mark). A word is defined as a sequence of consecutive Latin letters. Your task is to add spaces to the text by the following rules: * if there is no punctuation mark between two words, then they should be separated by exactly one space * there should be no spaces before each punctuation mark * there should be exactly one space after each punctuation mark It is guaranteed that there is at least one word between any two punctuation marks. The text begins and ends with a Latin letter. Input The input data contains of a single non-empty line β€” the text whose length is no more than 10000 characters. Output Print the text, edited according to the rules. In this problem you should follow the output format very strictly. For example, extra space at the end of the output line is considered as wrong answer. Note that a newline character at the end of the line doesn't matter. Examples Input galileo galilei was an italian physicist ,mathematician,astronomer Output galileo galilei was an italian physicist, mathematician, astronomer Input galileo was born in pisa Output galileo was born in pisa
instruction
0
16,201
6
32,402
Tags: implementation, strings Correct Solution: ``` d=[',','?','.',';','!'] z=input() for t in d: z=z.replace(t,'%s '%t) for i in range(10,0,-1): z=z.replace(' '*i,' ') for j in d: if j in z: z=z.replace(' %s'%j,j) print(z) ```
output
1
16,201
6
32,403
Evaluate the correctness of the submitted Python 3 solution to the coding contest problem. Provide a "Yes" or "No" response. You are given a text that consists of lowercase Latin letters, spaces and punctuation marks (dot, comma, exclamation mark and question mark). A word is defined as a sequence of consecutive Latin letters. Your task is to add spaces to the text by the following rules: * if there is no punctuation mark between two words, then they should be separated by exactly one space * there should be no spaces before each punctuation mark * there should be exactly one space after each punctuation mark It is guaranteed that there is at least one word between any two punctuation marks. The text begins and ends with a Latin letter. Input The input data contains of a single non-empty line β€” the text whose length is no more than 10000 characters. Output Print the text, edited according to the rules. In this problem you should follow the output format very strictly. For example, extra space at the end of the output line is considered as wrong answer. Note that a newline character at the end of the line doesn't matter. Examples Input galileo galilei was an italian physicist ,mathematician,astronomer Output galileo galilei was an italian physicist, mathematician, astronomer Input galileo was born in pisa Output galileo was born in pisa Submitted Solution: ``` s=str(input()) l=',.!?' e='' for i in range(0,len(s)): if(s[i] not in l and s[i]!=' '): e=e+s[i] elif(s[i]==' '): if(e[-1]==' '): pass else: e=e+s[i] else: if(e[-1]==' '): e=e[0:len(e)-1] e=e+s[i]+' ' else: e=e+s[i]+' ' print(e) ```
instruction
0
16,202
6
32,404
Yes
output
1
16,202
6
32,405
Evaluate the correctness of the submitted Python 3 solution to the coding contest problem. Provide a "Yes" or "No" response. You are given a text that consists of lowercase Latin letters, spaces and punctuation marks (dot, comma, exclamation mark and question mark). A word is defined as a sequence of consecutive Latin letters. Your task is to add spaces to the text by the following rules: * if there is no punctuation mark between two words, then they should be separated by exactly one space * there should be no spaces before each punctuation mark * there should be exactly one space after each punctuation mark It is guaranteed that there is at least one word between any two punctuation marks. The text begins and ends with a Latin letter. Input The input data contains of a single non-empty line β€” the text whose length is no more than 10000 characters. Output Print the text, edited according to the rules. In this problem you should follow the output format very strictly. For example, extra space at the end of the output line is considered as wrong answer. Note that a newline character at the end of the line doesn't matter. Examples Input galileo galilei was an italian physicist ,mathematician,astronomer Output galileo galilei was an italian physicist, mathematician, astronomer Input galileo was born in pisa Output galileo was born in pisa Submitted Solution: ``` S=input() U=['.',',','!','?',] N=S for u in U: E=N.split(u) N='' for s in E: N=N+s+u+' ' E=N.split() N='' for s in E: if s[0] in U: N=N[:-1]+s[0]+' '+s[1:] else: N=N+s+' ' print(N[:-5]) ```
instruction
0
16,203
6
32,406
Yes
output
1
16,203
6
32,407
Evaluate the correctness of the submitted Python 3 solution to the coding contest problem. Provide a "Yes" or "No" response. You are given a text that consists of lowercase Latin letters, spaces and punctuation marks (dot, comma, exclamation mark and question mark). A word is defined as a sequence of consecutive Latin letters. Your task is to add spaces to the text by the following rules: * if there is no punctuation mark between two words, then they should be separated by exactly one space * there should be no spaces before each punctuation mark * there should be exactly one space after each punctuation mark It is guaranteed that there is at least one word between any two punctuation marks. The text begins and ends with a Latin letter. Input The input data contains of a single non-empty line β€” the text whose length is no more than 10000 characters. Output Print the text, edited according to the rules. In this problem you should follow the output format very strictly. For example, extra space at the end of the output line is considered as wrong answer. Note that a newline character at the end of the line doesn't matter. Examples Input galileo galilei was an italian physicist ,mathematician,astronomer Output galileo galilei was an italian physicist, mathematician, astronomer Input galileo was born in pisa Output galileo was born in pisa Submitted Solution: ``` import re s=re.sub("\ +"," ",input()) s=re.sub(' *([,.!?]) *',r'\1 ',s) print(s) ```
instruction
0
16,204
6
32,408
Yes
output
1
16,204
6
32,409
Evaluate the correctness of the submitted Python 3 solution to the coding contest problem. Provide a "Yes" or "No" response. You are given a text that consists of lowercase Latin letters, spaces and punctuation marks (dot, comma, exclamation mark and question mark). A word is defined as a sequence of consecutive Latin letters. Your task is to add spaces to the text by the following rules: * if there is no punctuation mark between two words, then they should be separated by exactly one space * there should be no spaces before each punctuation mark * there should be exactly one space after each punctuation mark It is guaranteed that there is at least one word between any two punctuation marks. The text begins and ends with a Latin letter. Input The input data contains of a single non-empty line β€” the text whose length is no more than 10000 characters. Output Print the text, edited according to the rules. In this problem you should follow the output format very strictly. For example, extra space at the end of the output line is considered as wrong answer. Note that a newline character at the end of the line doesn't matter. Examples Input galileo galilei was an italian physicist ,mathematician,astronomer Output galileo galilei was an italian physicist, mathematician, astronomer Input galileo was born in pisa Output galileo was born in pisa Submitted Solution: ``` s=input().strip() znak=['.',',','!','?'] res='' for i in s: if i.isalpha(): res+=i continue elif i==' ' and res[-1]!=' ': res+=i continue elif i in znak: if res[-1]==' ': res=res[:-1] res+=i+' ' print(res) ```
instruction
0
16,205
6
32,410
Yes
output
1
16,205
6
32,411
Evaluate the correctness of the submitted Python 3 solution to the coding contest problem. Provide a "Yes" or "No" response. You are given a text that consists of lowercase Latin letters, spaces and punctuation marks (dot, comma, exclamation mark and question mark). A word is defined as a sequence of consecutive Latin letters. Your task is to add spaces to the text by the following rules: * if there is no punctuation mark between two words, then they should be separated by exactly one space * there should be no spaces before each punctuation mark * there should be exactly one space after each punctuation mark It is guaranteed that there is at least one word between any two punctuation marks. The text begins and ends with a Latin letter. Input The input data contains of a single non-empty line β€” the text whose length is no more than 10000 characters. Output Print the text, edited according to the rules. In this problem you should follow the output format very strictly. For example, extra space at the end of the output line is considered as wrong answer. Note that a newline character at the end of the line doesn't matter. Examples Input galileo galilei was an italian physicist ,mathematician,astronomer Output galileo galilei was an italian physicist, mathematician, astronomer Input galileo was born in pisa Output galileo was born in pisa Submitted Solution: ``` string = input().split() while '' in string: string.remove('') while ' ' in string: string.remove(' ') answer = ' '.join(string) answer = answer.replace(',',', ') answer = answer.replace('.','. ') answer = answer.replace('!','! ') answer = answer.replace('?','? ') answer = answer.replace(' ,',',') answer = answer.replace(' .','.') answer = answer.replace(' !','!') answer = answer.replace(' ?','?') print(answer) ```
instruction
0
16,206
6
32,412
No
output
1
16,206
6
32,413
Evaluate the correctness of the submitted Python 3 solution to the coding contest problem. Provide a "Yes" or "No" response. You are given a text that consists of lowercase Latin letters, spaces and punctuation marks (dot, comma, exclamation mark and question mark). A word is defined as a sequence of consecutive Latin letters. Your task is to add spaces to the text by the following rules: * if there is no punctuation mark between two words, then they should be separated by exactly one space * there should be no spaces before each punctuation mark * there should be exactly one space after each punctuation mark It is guaranteed that there is at least one word between any two punctuation marks. The text begins and ends with a Latin letter. Input The input data contains of a single non-empty line β€” the text whose length is no more than 10000 characters. Output Print the text, edited according to the rules. In this problem you should follow the output format very strictly. For example, extra space at the end of the output line is considered as wrong answer. Note that a newline character at the end of the line doesn't matter. Examples Input galileo galilei was an italian physicist ,mathematician,astronomer Output galileo galilei was an italian physicist, mathematician, astronomer Input galileo was born in pisa Output galileo was born in pisa Submitted Solution: ``` s = input().split() t = [] for i in s: b = i.replace(",",", ") a = b.split() t.extend(a) x = " ".join(t) x = x.replace(" ,",",") print (x) ```
instruction
0
16,207
6
32,414
No
output
1
16,207
6
32,415
Evaluate the correctness of the submitted Python 3 solution to the coding contest problem. Provide a "Yes" or "No" response. You are given a text that consists of lowercase Latin letters, spaces and punctuation marks (dot, comma, exclamation mark and question mark). A word is defined as a sequence of consecutive Latin letters. Your task is to add spaces to the text by the following rules: * if there is no punctuation mark between two words, then they should be separated by exactly one space * there should be no spaces before each punctuation mark * there should be exactly one space after each punctuation mark It is guaranteed that there is at least one word between any two punctuation marks. The text begins and ends with a Latin letter. Input The input data contains of a single non-empty line β€” the text whose length is no more than 10000 characters. Output Print the text, edited according to the rules. In this problem you should follow the output format very strictly. For example, extra space at the end of the output line is considered as wrong answer. Note that a newline character at the end of the line doesn't matter. Examples Input galileo galilei was an italian physicist ,mathematician,astronomer Output galileo galilei was an italian physicist, mathematician, astronomer Input galileo was born in pisa Output galileo was born in pisa Submitted Solution: ``` sntc = [x.strip() for x in input().split()] for i in range(len(sntc)): for ch in ['.', ',', '!', '?']: for _ in range(sntc[i].count(ch)): if sntc[i][0] == ch: sntc[i] = sntc[i][1:] sntc[i - 1] += ch else: pts = sntc[i].split(ch) sntc[i] = (ch + ' ').join(pts) print(' '.join(sntc).replace(' ', ' ')) ```
instruction
0
16,208
6
32,416
No
output
1
16,208
6
32,417
Evaluate the correctness of the submitted Python 3 solution to the coding contest problem. Provide a "Yes" or "No" response. You are given a text that consists of lowercase Latin letters, spaces and punctuation marks (dot, comma, exclamation mark and question mark). A word is defined as a sequence of consecutive Latin letters. Your task is to add spaces to the text by the following rules: * if there is no punctuation mark between two words, then they should be separated by exactly one space * there should be no spaces before each punctuation mark * there should be exactly one space after each punctuation mark It is guaranteed that there is at least one word between any two punctuation marks. The text begins and ends with a Latin letter. Input The input data contains of a single non-empty line β€” the text whose length is no more than 10000 characters. Output Print the text, edited according to the rules. In this problem you should follow the output format very strictly. For example, extra space at the end of the output line is considered as wrong answer. Note that a newline character at the end of the line doesn't matter. Examples Input galileo galilei was an italian physicist ,mathematician,astronomer Output galileo galilei was an italian physicist, mathematician, astronomer Input galileo was born in pisa Output galileo was born in pisa Submitted Solution: ``` #!/usr/bin/python3 input_text = input() puncs = ['.','!',',', '?'] for punc in puncs: input_text = input_text.replace(punc,f"{punc} ") input_text = input_text.replace(" "," ") input_text = input_text.replace(f" {punc}",punc) print(input_text.replace(" "," ")) ```
instruction
0
16,209
6
32,418
No
output
1
16,209
6
32,419
Provide tags and a correct Python 3 solution for this coding contest problem. Patrick has just finished writing a message to his sweetheart Stacey when he noticed that the message didn't look fancy. Patrick was nervous while writing the message, so some of the letters there were lowercase and some of them were uppercase. Patrick believes that a message is fancy if any uppercase letter stands to the left of any lowercase one. In other words, this rule describes the strings where first go zero or more uppercase letters, and then β€” zero or more lowercase letters. To make the message fancy, Patrick can erase some letter and add the same letter in the same place in the opposite case (that is, he can replace an uppercase letter with the lowercase one and vice versa). Patrick got interested in the following question: what minimum number of actions do we need to make a message fancy? Changing a letter's case in the message counts as one action. Patrick cannot perform any other actions. Input The only line of the input contains a non-empty string consisting of uppercase and lowercase letters. The string's length does not exceed 105. Output Print a single number β€” the least number of actions needed to make the message fancy. Examples Input PRuvetSTAaYA Output 5 Input OYPROSTIYAOPECHATALSYAPRIVETSTASYA Output 0 Input helloworld Output 0
instruction
0
16,242
6
32,484
Tags: dp Correct Solution: ``` from collections import deque from collections import OrderedDict import math import sys import os import threading import bisect import operator import heapq from atexit import register from io import BytesIO #sys.stdin = BytesIO(os.read(0, os.fstat(0).st_size)) #sys.stdout = BytesIO() #register(lambda: os.write(1, sys.stdout.getvalue())) import io #input = io.BytesIO(os.read(0, os.fstat(0).st_size)).readline #sys.stdin = open("F:\PY\\test.txt", "r") input = lambda: sys.stdin.readline().rstrip("\r\n") #input = sys.stdin.readline def fun1(i, k): if i<=k: return i else: return k-(i-k) #solved by dp s = ' '+input() lenS = len(s) dpU = [0]*(lenS+1) dpL = [0]*(lenS+1) answer = 0 for i in range(1, lenS): dpU[i]=dpU[i-1] if s[i].islower(): dpU[i]+=1 answer = dpU[lenS-1] for i in range(lenS-1, 0, -1): dpL[i]=dpL[i+1] if s[i].isupper(): dpL[i]+=1 answer = min(answer, dpL[i]+dpU[i-1]) print(answer) sys.exit(0) def gcs(a, b): n = len(a) m = len(b) f = [[0]*(n+1) for i in range(m+1)] for i in range(1, n): for j in range(1, m): if a[i]==b[j]: f[i][j]=f[i-1][j-1]+1 else: f[i][j]=max(f[i-1][j], f[i][j-1]) i, j, l = n-1, m-1, 0 answer = [] while(i!=0): if f[i][j]==f[i-1][j]+1 and f[i][j]==f[i][j-1]+1: print(i, j, l) answer.append(a[i]) i-=1 l = j-1 j-=1 if j==0: i-=1 j=l for i in range(0,n): for j in range(0,m): print(f[i][j], end=" ") print("\n", end="") print(answer) return f[n-1][m-1] print(gcs('1baccbca', '2abcabaac')) for t in range(int(input())): n = int(input()) ar1 = [' ']+list(map(str, input().split())) #ar1 = [' ']+ar1 ar2 = [' ']+list(map(str, input().split())) dp = [[0]*(n+1) for i in range(n+1)] for i in range(1, n+1): for j in range(1, n+1): dp[i][j]=dp[i-1][j] if ar1[i]==ar2[j]: dp[i][j]=dp[i-1][j-1]+1 else: dp[i][j]=max(dp[i][j-1], dp[i-1][j]) ''' sys.exit(0) lV = [0]*10 lV[1]=1 for i in range(2, 10): if i<10: lV[i]=lV[i-1]+i else: lV[i]=lV[i-1]+1+i%10 #it's okey def findOne(n, k): for i in range(1, 10): sumA=i sumA+=lV[min(i+k, 9)]-lV[i] sumA+=lV[max(i+k-9, 0)] print(sumA) if sumA==n: return i return 0 findOne(7,9) for t in range(int(input())): n, k = map(int, input().split()) oneS = findOne(n,k) if oneS!=0: print(oneS) continue n-=lV[k] if n<0: print(-1) continue print(lV) ''' ```
output
1
16,242
6
32,485
Provide tags and a correct Python 3 solution for this coding contest problem. Patrick has just finished writing a message to his sweetheart Stacey when he noticed that the message didn't look fancy. Patrick was nervous while writing the message, so some of the letters there were lowercase and some of them were uppercase. Patrick believes that a message is fancy if any uppercase letter stands to the left of any lowercase one. In other words, this rule describes the strings where first go zero or more uppercase letters, and then β€” zero or more lowercase letters. To make the message fancy, Patrick can erase some letter and add the same letter in the same place in the opposite case (that is, he can replace an uppercase letter with the lowercase one and vice versa). Patrick got interested in the following question: what minimum number of actions do we need to make a message fancy? Changing a letter's case in the message counts as one action. Patrick cannot perform any other actions. Input The only line of the input contains a non-empty string consisting of uppercase and lowercase letters. The string's length does not exceed 105. Output Print a single number β€” the least number of actions needed to make the message fancy. Examples Input PRuvetSTAaYA Output 5 Input OYPROSTIYAOPECHATALSYAPRIVETSTASYA Output 0 Input helloworld Output 0
instruction
0
16,243
6
32,486
Tags: dp Correct Solution: ``` string=input() n=len(string) upper=0 lower=0 count=0 i=0 k=n-1 while i<n and ord(string[i])<97: i+=1 for j in range(n-1,i-1,-1): if ord(string[j])>=97: lower+=1 else: upper+=1 if lower>=upper: count+=upper lower=0 upper=0 if j==i and lower<upper: count+=lower print(count) ```
output
1
16,243
6
32,487
Provide tags and a correct Python 3 solution for this coding contest problem. Patrick has just finished writing a message to his sweetheart Stacey when he noticed that the message didn't look fancy. Patrick was nervous while writing the message, so some of the letters there were lowercase and some of them were uppercase. Patrick believes that a message is fancy if any uppercase letter stands to the left of any lowercase one. In other words, this rule describes the strings where first go zero or more uppercase letters, and then β€” zero or more lowercase letters. To make the message fancy, Patrick can erase some letter and add the same letter in the same place in the opposite case (that is, he can replace an uppercase letter with the lowercase one and vice versa). Patrick got interested in the following question: what minimum number of actions do we need to make a message fancy? Changing a letter's case in the message counts as one action. Patrick cannot perform any other actions. Input The only line of the input contains a non-empty string consisting of uppercase and lowercase letters. The string's length does not exceed 105. Output Print a single number β€” the least number of actions needed to make the message fancy. Examples Input PRuvetSTAaYA Output 5 Input OYPROSTIYAOPECHATALSYAPRIVETSTASYA Output 0 Input helloworld Output 0
instruction
0
16,244
6
32,488
Tags: dp Correct Solution: ``` s = input() n = len(s) a,b = 0,0 i = 0 j = n-1 while i<n and s[i].isupper(): i+=1 while j>=0 and s[j].islower(): j-=1 aa = [] if i==n or j==-1: print(0) else: j+=1 if s[0].islower(): i = 0 if s[-1].isupper(): j = n bb,cc=0,0 # print(s[i:j]) for x in s[i:j]: if x.isupper(): if bb>0: aa.append(-1*bb) bb = 0 cc = 0 cc+=1 a+=1 else: if cc>0: aa.append(cc) bb = 0 cc = 0 bb+=1 b+=1 if s[j-1].isupper(): aa.append(cc) else: aa.append(-1*bb) nn = len(aa) ll = [0 for _ in range(nn)] rr = [0 for _ in range(nn)] for i in range(nn): if aa[i]<0: ll[i] = (ll[i-1] if i>0 else 0)+abs(aa[i]) else: ll[i] = (ll[i-1] if i>0 else 0) for i in range(nn-1,-1,-1): if aa[i]>0: rr[i] = (rr[i+1] if i<nn-1 else 0) + aa[i] else: rr[i] = (rr[i+1] if i<nn-1 else 0) ans = 10**18 for i in range(len(aa)-1): if aa[i]>0 and aa[i+1]<0: gg = (ll[i-1] if i>0 else 0) + (rr[i+2] if i+2<nn else 0) ans = min(ans,gg) # print(aa) # print(a,b,ans) print(min(a,b,ans)) ```
output
1
16,244
6
32,489
Provide tags and a correct Python 3 solution for this coding contest problem. Patrick has just finished writing a message to his sweetheart Stacey when he noticed that the message didn't look fancy. Patrick was nervous while writing the message, so some of the letters there were lowercase and some of them were uppercase. Patrick believes that a message is fancy if any uppercase letter stands to the left of any lowercase one. In other words, this rule describes the strings where first go zero or more uppercase letters, and then β€” zero or more lowercase letters. To make the message fancy, Patrick can erase some letter and add the same letter in the same place in the opposite case (that is, he can replace an uppercase letter with the lowercase one and vice versa). Patrick got interested in the following question: what minimum number of actions do we need to make a message fancy? Changing a letter's case in the message counts as one action. Patrick cannot perform any other actions. Input The only line of the input contains a non-empty string consisting of uppercase and lowercase letters. The string's length does not exceed 105. Output Print a single number β€” the least number of actions needed to make the message fancy. Examples Input PRuvetSTAaYA Output 5 Input OYPROSTIYAOPECHATALSYAPRIVETSTASYA Output 0 Input helloworld Output 0
instruction
0
16,245
6
32,490
Tags: dp Correct Solution: ``` s=input() a,r=0,0 for x in s: if x.islower():a+=1 elif x.isupper() and a>0:a-=1;r+=1 print(r) ```
output
1
16,245
6
32,491
Provide tags and a correct Python 3 solution for this coding contest problem. Patrick has just finished writing a message to his sweetheart Stacey when he noticed that the message didn't look fancy. Patrick was nervous while writing the message, so some of the letters there were lowercase and some of them were uppercase. Patrick believes that a message is fancy if any uppercase letter stands to the left of any lowercase one. In other words, this rule describes the strings where first go zero or more uppercase letters, and then β€” zero or more lowercase letters. To make the message fancy, Patrick can erase some letter and add the same letter in the same place in the opposite case (that is, he can replace an uppercase letter with the lowercase one and vice versa). Patrick got interested in the following question: what minimum number of actions do we need to make a message fancy? Changing a letter's case in the message counts as one action. Patrick cannot perform any other actions. Input The only line of the input contains a non-empty string consisting of uppercase and lowercase letters. The string's length does not exceed 105. Output Print a single number β€” the least number of actions needed to make the message fancy. Examples Input PRuvetSTAaYA Output 5 Input OYPROSTIYAOPECHATALSYAPRIVETSTASYA Output 0 Input helloworld Output 0
instruction
0
16,246
6
32,492
Tags: dp Correct Solution: ``` t = [0] + [i < 'a' for i in input()] for i in range(2, len(t)): t[i] += t[i - 1] s = t[-1] print(min(s - 2 * j + i for i, j in enumerate(t))) ```
output
1
16,246
6
32,493
Provide tags and a correct Python 3 solution for this coding contest problem. Patrick has just finished writing a message to his sweetheart Stacey when he noticed that the message didn't look fancy. Patrick was nervous while writing the message, so some of the letters there were lowercase and some of them were uppercase. Patrick believes that a message is fancy if any uppercase letter stands to the left of any lowercase one. In other words, this rule describes the strings where first go zero or more uppercase letters, and then β€” zero or more lowercase letters. To make the message fancy, Patrick can erase some letter and add the same letter in the same place in the opposite case (that is, he can replace an uppercase letter with the lowercase one and vice versa). Patrick got interested in the following question: what minimum number of actions do we need to make a message fancy? Changing a letter's case in the message counts as one action. Patrick cannot perform any other actions. Input The only line of the input contains a non-empty string consisting of uppercase and lowercase letters. The string's length does not exceed 105. Output Print a single number β€” the least number of actions needed to make the message fancy. Examples Input PRuvetSTAaYA Output 5 Input OYPROSTIYAOPECHATALSYAPRIVETSTASYA Output 0 Input helloworld Output 0
instruction
0
16,247
6
32,494
Tags: dp Correct Solution: ``` s=input() count=1 ans=[] for i in range(1,len(s)): if((s[i].isupper() and s[i-1].isupper()) or (s[i].islower() and s[i-1].islower())): count+=1 else: ans.append(count) count=1 ans.append(count) dp=[0 for i in range(len(ans))] if(s[0].isupper()): sm=sum(ans[1::2]) lm=sum(ans[0::2]) c1=ans[0] c2=0 dp[0]=lm-ans[0] for i in range(1,len(ans)): if(i%2==1): dp[i]=lm c2+=ans[i] else: c1+=ans[i] dp[i]=lm-c1+c2 print(min(dp)) else: #c1 denotes capital lm=sum(ans[1::2]) sm=sum(ans[0::2]) c2=ans[0] c1=0 dp[0]=lm for i in range(1,len(ans)): if(i%2==1): c1+=ans[i] dp[i]=c2+lm-c1 else: dp[i]=lm c2+=ans[i] print(min(dp)) ```
output
1
16,247
6
32,495
Provide tags and a correct Python 3 solution for this coding contest problem. Patrick has just finished writing a message to his sweetheart Stacey when he noticed that the message didn't look fancy. Patrick was nervous while writing the message, so some of the letters there were lowercase and some of them were uppercase. Patrick believes that a message is fancy if any uppercase letter stands to the left of any lowercase one. In other words, this rule describes the strings where first go zero or more uppercase letters, and then β€” zero or more lowercase letters. To make the message fancy, Patrick can erase some letter and add the same letter in the same place in the opposite case (that is, he can replace an uppercase letter with the lowercase one and vice versa). Patrick got interested in the following question: what minimum number of actions do we need to make a message fancy? Changing a letter's case in the message counts as one action. Patrick cannot perform any other actions. Input The only line of the input contains a non-empty string consisting of uppercase and lowercase letters. The string's length does not exceed 105. Output Print a single number β€” the least number of actions needed to make the message fancy. Examples Input PRuvetSTAaYA Output 5 Input OYPROSTIYAOPECHATALSYAPRIVETSTASYA Output 0 Input helloworld Output 0
instruction
0
16,248
6
32,496
Tags: dp Correct Solution: ``` s = list(input()) n = len(s) l=u=0 for i in s: if i.isupper(): u+=1 else: l+=1 i=low=0 ans=min(u,l) while i<n and s[i].isupper(): u-=1 i+=1 for j in range(i,n): if s[j].islower(): ans=min(ans,low+u) low+=1 else: u-=1 print(ans) ```
output
1
16,248
6
32,497