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Provide tags and a correct Python 3 solution for this coding contest problem. INTERCAL is the oldest of esoteric programming languages. One of its many weird features is the method of character-based output, known as Turing Tape method. It converts an array of unsigned 8-bit integers into a sequence of characters to print, using the following method. The integers of the array are processed one by one, starting from the first. Processing i-th element of the array is done in three steps: 1. The 8-bit binary notation of the ASCII-code of the previous printed character is reversed. When the first element of the array is processed, the result of this step is considered to be 0. 2. The i-th element of the array is subtracted from the result of the previous step modulo 256. 3. The binary notation of the result of the previous step is reversed again to produce ASCII-code of the i-th character to be printed. You are given the text printed using this method. Restore the array used to produce this text. Input The input will consist of a single line text which contains the message printed using the described method. String text will contain between 1 and 100 characters, inclusive. ASCII-code of each character of text will be between 32 (space) and 126 (tilde), inclusive. Output Output the initial array, which was used to produce text, one integer per line. Examples Input Hello, World! Output 238 108 112 0 64 194 48 26 244 168 24 16 162 Note Let's have a closer look at the beginning of the example. The first character is "H" with ASCII-code 72 = 010010002. Its reverse is 000100102 = 18, and this number should become the result of the second step of processing. The result of the first step is considered to be 0, so the first element of the array has to be (0 - 18) mod 256 = 238, where a mod b is the remainder of division of a by b.
instruction
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Tags: implementation Correct Solution: ``` ''''''''''' Author : code_marshal Method : strings ''''''''''' x, f = input(), 0 for i in x: h = bin(ord(i))[2:]; h = ('0' * (8 - len(h)) + h)[::-1] print ((f - int(h, 2)) % 256) f = int(h, 2) ```
output
1
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Provide tags and a correct Python 3 solution for this coding contest problem. INTERCAL is the oldest of esoteric programming languages. One of its many weird features is the method of character-based output, known as Turing Tape method. It converts an array of unsigned 8-bit integers into a sequence of characters to print, using the following method. The integers of the array are processed one by one, starting from the first. Processing i-th element of the array is done in three steps: 1. The 8-bit binary notation of the ASCII-code of the previous printed character is reversed. When the first element of the array is processed, the result of this step is considered to be 0. 2. The i-th element of the array is subtracted from the result of the previous step modulo 256. 3. The binary notation of the result of the previous step is reversed again to produce ASCII-code of the i-th character to be printed. You are given the text printed using this method. Restore the array used to produce this text. Input The input will consist of a single line text which contains the message printed using the described method. String text will contain between 1 and 100 characters, inclusive. ASCII-code of each character of text will be between 32 (space) and 126 (tilde), inclusive. Output Output the initial array, which was used to produce text, one integer per line. Examples Input Hello, World! Output 238 108 112 0 64 194 48 26 244 168 24 16 162 Note Let's have a closer look at the beginning of the example. The first character is "H" with ASCII-code 72 = 010010002. Its reverse is 000100102 = 18, and this number should become the result of the second step of processing. The result of the first step is considered to be 0, so the first element of the array has to be (0 - 18) mod 256 = 238, where a mod b is the remainder of division of a by b.
instruction
0
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Tags: implementation Correct Solution: ``` old=0 for c in input(): s=bin(ord(c))[2:][::-1] now=int(s+"0"*(8-len(s)),2) print((old-now)%256) old=now ```
output
1
26,692
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Provide tags and a correct Python 3 solution for this coding contest problem. INTERCAL is the oldest of esoteric programming languages. One of its many weird features is the method of character-based output, known as Turing Tape method. It converts an array of unsigned 8-bit integers into a sequence of characters to print, using the following method. The integers of the array are processed one by one, starting from the first. Processing i-th element of the array is done in three steps: 1. The 8-bit binary notation of the ASCII-code of the previous printed character is reversed. When the first element of the array is processed, the result of this step is considered to be 0. 2. The i-th element of the array is subtracted from the result of the previous step modulo 256. 3. The binary notation of the result of the previous step is reversed again to produce ASCII-code of the i-th character to be printed. You are given the text printed using this method. Restore the array used to produce this text. Input The input will consist of a single line text which contains the message printed using the described method. String text will contain between 1 and 100 characters, inclusive. ASCII-code of each character of text will be between 32 (space) and 126 (tilde), inclusive. Output Output the initial array, which was used to produce text, one integer per line. Examples Input Hello, World! Output 238 108 112 0 64 194 48 26 244 168 24 16 162 Note Let's have a closer look at the beginning of the example. The first character is "H" with ASCII-code 72 = 010010002. Its reverse is 000100102 = 18, and this number should become the result of the second step of processing. The result of the first step is considered to be 0, so the first element of the array has to be (0 - 18) mod 256 = 238, where a mod b is the remainder of division of a by b.
instruction
0
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Tags: implementation Correct Solution: ``` s = input() A = [] A.append(0) for i in s: codigo = ord(i) sCodigo = bin(codigo).lstrip("0b") sCodigo = sCodigo.rjust(8, '0') sCodigo = sCodigo[::-1] x = int(sCodigo, 2) A.append(x) size = len(s) for i in range(0, size): print((A[i] - A[i + 1]) % 256) ```
output
1
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Provide tags and a correct Python 3 solution for this coding contest problem. INTERCAL is the oldest of esoteric programming languages. One of its many weird features is the method of character-based output, known as Turing Tape method. It converts an array of unsigned 8-bit integers into a sequence of characters to print, using the following method. The integers of the array are processed one by one, starting from the first. Processing i-th element of the array is done in three steps: 1. The 8-bit binary notation of the ASCII-code of the previous printed character is reversed. When the first element of the array is processed, the result of this step is considered to be 0. 2. The i-th element of the array is subtracted from the result of the previous step modulo 256. 3. The binary notation of the result of the previous step is reversed again to produce ASCII-code of the i-th character to be printed. You are given the text printed using this method. Restore the array used to produce this text. Input The input will consist of a single line text which contains the message printed using the described method. String text will contain between 1 and 100 characters, inclusive. ASCII-code of each character of text will be between 32 (space) and 126 (tilde), inclusive. Output Output the initial array, which was used to produce text, one integer per line. Examples Input Hello, World! Output 238 108 112 0 64 194 48 26 244 168 24 16 162 Note Let's have a closer look at the beginning of the example. The first character is "H" with ASCII-code 72 = 010010002. Its reverse is 000100102 = 18, and this number should become the result of the second step of processing. The result of the first step is considered to be 0, so the first element of the array has to be (0 - 18) mod 256 = 238, where a mod b is the remainder of division of a by b.
instruction
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Tags: implementation Correct Solution: ``` def sum_pow(n): mem = [1] for i in range(8): mem.append((n * mem[i])) return mem mem ,pre= sum_pow(2),0 for i in input(): asc, sum, c= ord(i), 0, 7 while (asc != 0): sum += (asc % 2) * mem[c] asc //= 2 c -= 1 print((pre - sum) % 256) pre = sum ```
output
1
26,694
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Provide tags and a correct Python 3 solution for this coding contest problem. INTERCAL is the oldest of esoteric programming languages. One of its many weird features is the method of character-based output, known as Turing Tape method. It converts an array of unsigned 8-bit integers into a sequence of characters to print, using the following method. The integers of the array are processed one by one, starting from the first. Processing i-th element of the array is done in three steps: 1. The 8-bit binary notation of the ASCII-code of the previous printed character is reversed. When the first element of the array is processed, the result of this step is considered to be 0. 2. The i-th element of the array is subtracted from the result of the previous step modulo 256. 3. The binary notation of the result of the previous step is reversed again to produce ASCII-code of the i-th character to be printed. You are given the text printed using this method. Restore the array used to produce this text. Input The input will consist of a single line text which contains the message printed using the described method. String text will contain between 1 and 100 characters, inclusive. ASCII-code of each character of text will be between 32 (space) and 126 (tilde), inclusive. Output Output the initial array, which was used to produce text, one integer per line. Examples Input Hello, World! Output 238 108 112 0 64 194 48 26 244 168 24 16 162 Note Let's have a closer look at the beginning of the example. The first character is "H" with ASCII-code 72 = 010010002. Its reverse is 000100102 = 18, and this number should become the result of the second step of processing. The result of the first step is considered to be 0, so the first element of the array has to be (0 - 18) mod 256 = 238, where a mod b is the remainder of division of a by b.
instruction
0
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Tags: implementation Correct Solution: ``` s = input() f = 0 for i in range(len(s)): asc = ord(s[i]) bi = format(asc, "08b") bi = bi[::-1] sasc = int(bi, 2) res = (f - sasc) % 256 f = sasc print(res) ```
output
1
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Provide tags and a correct Python 3 solution for this coding contest problem. INTERCAL is the oldest of esoteric programming languages. One of its many weird features is the method of character-based output, known as Turing Tape method. It converts an array of unsigned 8-bit integers into a sequence of characters to print, using the following method. The integers of the array are processed one by one, starting from the first. Processing i-th element of the array is done in three steps: 1. The 8-bit binary notation of the ASCII-code of the previous printed character is reversed. When the first element of the array is processed, the result of this step is considered to be 0. 2. The i-th element of the array is subtracted from the result of the previous step modulo 256. 3. The binary notation of the result of the previous step is reversed again to produce ASCII-code of the i-th character to be printed. You are given the text printed using this method. Restore the array used to produce this text. Input The input will consist of a single line text which contains the message printed using the described method. String text will contain between 1 and 100 characters, inclusive. ASCII-code of each character of text will be between 32 (space) and 126 (tilde), inclusive. Output Output the initial array, which was used to produce text, one integer per line. Examples Input Hello, World! Output 238 108 112 0 64 194 48 26 244 168 24 16 162 Note Let's have a closer look at the beginning of the example. The first character is "H" with ASCII-code 72 = 010010002. Its reverse is 000100102 = 18, and this number should become the result of the second step of processing. The result of the first step is considered to be 0, so the first element of the array has to be (0 - 18) mod 256 = 238, where a mod b is the remainder of division of a by b.
instruction
0
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Tags: implementation Correct Solution: ``` def obin(a): a = ord(a) text = bin(a)[bin(a).find('1'):] ntext = '0'*(8-len(text))+text return ntext def rev(a): return a[-1::-1] def revascii(char): return int(rev(obin(char)),base=2) text = input() for i in range(len(text)): if i == 0: lastele = 0 else: lastele = revascii(text[i-1]) print((lastele-revascii(text[i]))%256) ```
output
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Evaluate the correctness of the submitted Python 3 solution to the coding contest problem. Provide a "Yes" or "No" response. INTERCAL is the oldest of esoteric programming languages. One of its many weird features is the method of character-based output, known as Turing Tape method. It converts an array of unsigned 8-bit integers into a sequence of characters to print, using the following method. The integers of the array are processed one by one, starting from the first. Processing i-th element of the array is done in three steps: 1. The 8-bit binary notation of the ASCII-code of the previous printed character is reversed. When the first element of the array is processed, the result of this step is considered to be 0. 2. The i-th element of the array is subtracted from the result of the previous step modulo 256. 3. The binary notation of the result of the previous step is reversed again to produce ASCII-code of the i-th character to be printed. You are given the text printed using this method. Restore the array used to produce this text. Input The input will consist of a single line text which contains the message printed using the described method. String text will contain between 1 and 100 characters, inclusive. ASCII-code of each character of text will be between 32 (space) and 126 (tilde), inclusive. Output Output the initial array, which was used to produce text, one integer per line. Examples Input Hello, World! Output 238 108 112 0 64 194 48 26 244 168 24 16 162 Note Let's have a closer look at the beginning of the example. The first character is "H" with ASCII-code 72 = 010010002. Its reverse is 000100102 = 18, and this number should become the result of the second step of processing. The result of the first step is considered to be 0, so the first element of the array has to be (0 - 18) mod 256 = 238, where a mod b is the remainder of division of a by b. Submitted Solution: ``` k = 0 word = input() for i in word: asci = ord(i) s1 = int(bin(asci)[2:].rjust(8, '0')[::-1], base=2) s2 = (k - s1) % 256 k = s1 print(s2) ```
instruction
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Yes
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Evaluate the correctness of the submitted Python 3 solution to the coding contest problem. Provide a "Yes" or "No" response. INTERCAL is the oldest of esoteric programming languages. One of its many weird features is the method of character-based output, known as Turing Tape method. It converts an array of unsigned 8-bit integers into a sequence of characters to print, using the following method. The integers of the array are processed one by one, starting from the first. Processing i-th element of the array is done in three steps: 1. The 8-bit binary notation of the ASCII-code of the previous printed character is reversed. When the first element of the array is processed, the result of this step is considered to be 0. 2. The i-th element of the array is subtracted from the result of the previous step modulo 256. 3. The binary notation of the result of the previous step is reversed again to produce ASCII-code of the i-th character to be printed. You are given the text printed using this method. Restore the array used to produce this text. Input The input will consist of a single line text which contains the message printed using the described method. String text will contain between 1 and 100 characters, inclusive. ASCII-code of each character of text will be between 32 (space) and 126 (tilde), inclusive. Output Output the initial array, which was used to produce text, one integer per line. Examples Input Hello, World! Output 238 108 112 0 64 194 48 26 244 168 24 16 162 Note Let's have a closer look at the beginning of the example. The first character is "H" with ASCII-code 72 = 010010002. Its reverse is 000100102 = 18, and this number should become the result of the second step of processing. The result of the first step is considered to be 0, so the first element of the array has to be (0 - 18) mod 256 = 238, where a mod b is the remainder of division of a by b. Submitted Solution: ``` a = input() l = len(a) b = [] k = 0 for i in range(l): p = bin(ord(a[i]))[2:] q = len(p) while q<8: p="0"+p q+=1 p = p[::-1] p = int(p,2) x = (k-p)%256 b.append(x) k = p for i in b: print(i) ```
instruction
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Evaluate the correctness of the submitted Python 3 solution to the coding contest problem. Provide a "Yes" or "No" response. INTERCAL is the oldest of esoteric programming languages. One of its many weird features is the method of character-based output, known as Turing Tape method. It converts an array of unsigned 8-bit integers into a sequence of characters to print, using the following method. The integers of the array are processed one by one, starting from the first. Processing i-th element of the array is done in three steps: 1. The 8-bit binary notation of the ASCII-code of the previous printed character is reversed. When the first element of the array is processed, the result of this step is considered to be 0. 2. The i-th element of the array is subtracted from the result of the previous step modulo 256. 3. The binary notation of the result of the previous step is reversed again to produce ASCII-code of the i-th character to be printed. You are given the text printed using this method. Restore the array used to produce this text. Input The input will consist of a single line text which contains the message printed using the described method. String text will contain between 1 and 100 characters, inclusive. ASCII-code of each character of text will be between 32 (space) and 126 (tilde), inclusive. Output Output the initial array, which was used to produce text, one integer per line. Examples Input Hello, World! Output 238 108 112 0 64 194 48 26 244 168 24 16 162 Note Let's have a closer look at the beginning of the example. The first character is "H" with ASCII-code 72 = 010010002. Its reverse is 000100102 = 18, and this number should become the result of the second step of processing. The result of the first step is considered to be 0, so the first element of the array has to be (0 - 18) mod 256 = 238, where a mod b is the remainder of division of a by b. Submitted Solution: ``` import sys import math stra=str(input()) scar=[ord(stra[int(i)]) for i in range(len(stra))] val=[] k,ans,kaa=0,0,0 for i in range(len(scar)): s="" while(scar[i]!=0): s+=str(scar[i]&1) scar[i]>>=1 if(len(s)<8): s+="0"*(8-len(s)) kaa=int(s,2) #print(kaa) val.append(kaa) ans=(k - val[-1]) % 256 print((k-val[-1])%256) k=int(s,2) #print("k=",k) ```
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Yes
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Evaluate the correctness of the submitted Python 3 solution to the coding contest problem. Provide a "Yes" or "No" response. INTERCAL is the oldest of esoteric programming languages. One of its many weird features is the method of character-based output, known as Turing Tape method. It converts an array of unsigned 8-bit integers into a sequence of characters to print, using the following method. The integers of the array are processed one by one, starting from the first. Processing i-th element of the array is done in three steps: 1. The 8-bit binary notation of the ASCII-code of the previous printed character is reversed. When the first element of the array is processed, the result of this step is considered to be 0. 2. The i-th element of the array is subtracted from the result of the previous step modulo 256. 3. The binary notation of the result of the previous step is reversed again to produce ASCII-code of the i-th character to be printed. You are given the text printed using this method. Restore the array used to produce this text. Input The input will consist of a single line text which contains the message printed using the described method. String text will contain between 1 and 100 characters, inclusive. ASCII-code of each character of text will be between 32 (space) and 126 (tilde), inclusive. Output Output the initial array, which was used to produce text, one integer per line. Examples Input Hello, World! Output 238 108 112 0 64 194 48 26 244 168 24 16 162 Note Let's have a closer look at the beginning of the example. The first character is "H" with ASCII-code 72 = 010010002. Its reverse is 000100102 = 18, and this number should become the result of the second step of processing. The result of the first step is considered to be 0, so the first element of the array has to be (0 - 18) mod 256 = 238, where a mod b is the remainder of division of a by b. Submitted Solution: ``` def f(x): a = bin(x)[2:] b = '0' * (8 - len(a)) + a return int(b[::-1], 2) rev = [0] * 260 for i in range(257): rev[i] = f(i) x = input() k = [0] for i in x: k.append(ord(i)) for i in range(len(x)): print((f(k[i]) - f(k[i+1]))%256) ```
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Yes
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Provide tags and a correct Python 3 solution for this coding contest problem. While exploring the old caves, researchers found a book, or more precisely, a stash of mixed pages from a book. Luckily, all of the original pages are present and each page contains its number. Therefore, the researchers can reconstruct the book. After taking a deeper look into the contents of these pages, linguists think that this may be some kind of dictionary. What's interesting is that this ancient civilization used an alphabet which is a subset of the English alphabet, however, the order of these letters in the alphabet is not like the one in the English language. Given the contents of pages that researchers have found, your task is to reconstruct the alphabet of this ancient civilization using the provided pages from the dictionary. Input First-line contains two integers: n and k (1 ≀ n, k ≀ 10^3) β€” the number of pages that scientists have found and the number of words present at each page. Following n groups contain a line with a single integer p_i (0 ≀ n < 10^3) β€” the number of i-th page, as well as k lines, each line containing one of the strings (up to 100 characters) written on the page numbered p_i. Output Output a string representing the reconstructed alphabet of this ancient civilization. If the book found is not a dictionary, output "IMPOSSIBLE" without quotes. In case there are multiple solutions, output any of them. Example Input 3 3 2 b b bbac 0 a aca acba 1 ab c ccb Output acb
instruction
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Tags: graphs, sortings Correct Solution: ``` import os import io from collections import deque, defaultdict input = io.BytesIO(os.read(0,os.fstat(0).st_size)).readline def li():return [int(i) for i in input().rstrip().split()] def st():return str(input().rstrip())[2:-1] def val():return int(input().rstrip()) # def li():return [int(i) for i in input().rstrip().split()] # def st():return str(input()) # def val():return int(input()) #Input Reading n,k = li() pages = [] abc = set() for _ in range(n): p = val() page = [] for i in range(k): word = st() page.append(word) abc |= set(page[-1]) pages.append((p,page)) pages.sort(key = lambda x: x[0]) words = [] for _,page in pages: words.extend(page) if n == k == 1: print(''.join(abc)) exit() def match(w1,w2): for i in range(min(len(w1), len(w2))): if w1[i] == w2[i]: continue else: return (w1[i],w2[i]) if len(w1) > len(w2): print("IMPOSSIBLE") exit() #Reading the graph and its indegrees g = defaultdict(set) indeg = defaultdict(int) for i in range(len(words) - 1): out = match(words[i], words[i+1]) if out is not None: c1,c2 = out if c2 not in g[c1]: g[c1].add(c2) indeg[c2] += 1 #Topsort things ts = [] zero = deque() for u in g: if indeg[u] == 0: zero.append(u) while len(ts) != len(abc): if len(zero) == 0: print("IMPOSSIBLE") exit() u = zero.popleft() ts.append(u) for v in g[u]: indeg[v] -= 1 if indeg[v] == 0: zero.append(v) print("".join(ts)) ```
output
1
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Provide tags and a correct Python 3 solution for this coding contest problem. While exploring the old caves, researchers found a book, or more precisely, a stash of mixed pages from a book. Luckily, all of the original pages are present and each page contains its number. Therefore, the researchers can reconstruct the book. After taking a deeper look into the contents of these pages, linguists think that this may be some kind of dictionary. What's interesting is that this ancient civilization used an alphabet which is a subset of the English alphabet, however, the order of these letters in the alphabet is not like the one in the English language. Given the contents of pages that researchers have found, your task is to reconstruct the alphabet of this ancient civilization using the provided pages from the dictionary. Input First-line contains two integers: n and k (1 ≀ n, k ≀ 10^3) β€” the number of pages that scientists have found and the number of words present at each page. Following n groups contain a line with a single integer p_i (0 ≀ n < 10^3) β€” the number of i-th page, as well as k lines, each line containing one of the strings (up to 100 characters) written on the page numbered p_i. Output Output a string representing the reconstructed alphabet of this ancient civilization. If the book found is not a dictionary, output "IMPOSSIBLE" without quotes. In case there are multiple solutions, output any of them. Example Input 3 3 2 b b bbac 0 a aca acba 1 ab c ccb Output acb
instruction
0
26,717
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Tags: graphs, sortings Correct Solution: ``` from bisect import bisect_left as bl from bisect import bisect_right as br from heapq import heappush,heappop import math from collections import * from functools import reduce,cmp_to_key,lru_cache import io, os input = io.BytesIO(os.read(0,os.fstat(0).st_size)).readline # import sys # input = sys.stdin.readline M = mod = 10**9 + 7 def factors(n):return sorted(set(reduce(list.__add__, ([i, n//i] for i in range(1, int(n**0.5) + 1) if n % i == 0)))) def inv_mod(n):return pow(n, mod - 2, mod) def li():return [int(i) for i in input().rstrip().split()] def st():return str(input().rstrip())[2:-1] def val():return int(input().rstrip()) def li2():return [str(i)[2:-1] for i in input().rstrip().split()] def li3():return [int(i) for i in st()] graph = defaultdict(set) n, k = li() l = [] allwords = set() for i in range(n): p = val() l1 = [] for j in range(k):l1.append(st()) allwords |= set(l1[-1]) l.append([p, l1[:]]) l.sort(key = lambda x:x[0]) l = [i[1] for i in l] if n == k == 1: print(''.join(set(l[0][0]))) exit() ingraph = defaultdict(int) def match(a, b): for j in range(min(len(a), len(b))): if a[j] == b[j]:continue elif b[j] in graph[a[j]]:return else: graph[a[j]].add(b[j]) ingraph[b[j]] += 1 return if len(a) > len(b): print('IMPOSSIBLE') exit() finl = [] for i in l:finl.extend(i) l = finl # for i in l:print(i) for i in range(1, len(l)): match(l[i - 1], l[i]) # print(graph) # print(ingraph) if min([ingraph[j] for j in graph]) != 0: print('IMPOSSIBLE') exit() ans = '' d = deque() for j in graph: if ingraph[j] == 0: d.append(j) while d: node = d.popleft() ans += node for j in graph[node]: ingraph[j] -= 1 if not ingraph[j]:d.append(j) if len(ans) != len(allwords): print('IMPOSSIBLE') exit() print(ans) ```
output
1
26,717
6
53,435
Provide tags and a correct Python 3 solution for this coding contest problem. While exploring the old caves, researchers found a book, or more precisely, a stash of mixed pages from a book. Luckily, all of the original pages are present and each page contains its number. Therefore, the researchers can reconstruct the book. After taking a deeper look into the contents of these pages, linguists think that this may be some kind of dictionary. What's interesting is that this ancient civilization used an alphabet which is a subset of the English alphabet, however, the order of these letters in the alphabet is not like the one in the English language. Given the contents of pages that researchers have found, your task is to reconstruct the alphabet of this ancient civilization using the provided pages from the dictionary. Input First-line contains two integers: n and k (1 ≀ n, k ≀ 10^3) β€” the number of pages that scientists have found and the number of words present at each page. Following n groups contain a line with a single integer p_i (0 ≀ n < 10^3) β€” the number of i-th page, as well as k lines, each line containing one of the strings (up to 100 characters) written on the page numbered p_i. Output Output a string representing the reconstructed alphabet of this ancient civilization. If the book found is not a dictionary, output "IMPOSSIBLE" without quotes. In case there are multiple solutions, output any of them. Example Input 3 3 2 b b bbac 0 a aca acba 1 ab c ccb Output acb
instruction
0
26,718
6
53,436
Tags: graphs, sortings Correct Solution: ``` import os import io from collections import deque, defaultdict input = io.BytesIO(os.read(0,os.fstat(0).st_size)).readline def li():return [int(i) for i in input().rstrip().split()] def st():return str(input().rstrip())[2:-1] def val():return int(input().rstrip()) # def li():return [int(i) for i in input().rstrip().split()] # def st():return str(input()) # def val():return int(input()) #Input Reading n,k = li() words = [""] * n * k indeg = {} for i in range(n): p = val() page = [] for j in range(k): word = st() words[p*k+j] = word for c in word: indeg[c] = 0 def match(w1,w2): for i in range(min(len(w1), len(w2))): if w1[i] == w2[i]: continue else: return (w1[i],w2[i]) if len(w1) > len(w2): print("IMPOSSIBLE") exit() #Reading the graph and its indegrees g = defaultdict(set) for i in range(len(words) - 1): out = match(words[i], words[i+1]) if out is not None: c1,c2 = out if c2 not in g[c1]: g[c1].add(c2) indeg[c2] += 1 #Topsort things ts = [] zero = deque() for u in indeg: if indeg[u] == 0: zero.append(u) while len(ts) != len(indeg): if len(zero) == 0: print("IMPOSSIBLE") exit() u = zero.popleft() ts.append(u) for v in g[u]: indeg[v] -= 1 if indeg[v] == 0: zero.append(v) print("".join(ts)) ```
output
1
26,718
6
53,437
Provide tags and a correct Python 3 solution for this coding contest problem. While exploring the old caves, researchers found a book, or more precisely, a stash of mixed pages from a book. Luckily, all of the original pages are present and each page contains its number. Therefore, the researchers can reconstruct the book. After taking a deeper look into the contents of these pages, linguists think that this may be some kind of dictionary. What's interesting is that this ancient civilization used an alphabet which is a subset of the English alphabet, however, the order of these letters in the alphabet is not like the one in the English language. Given the contents of pages that researchers have found, your task is to reconstruct the alphabet of this ancient civilization using the provided pages from the dictionary. Input First-line contains two integers: n and k (1 ≀ n, k ≀ 10^3) β€” the number of pages that scientists have found and the number of words present at each page. Following n groups contain a line with a single integer p_i (0 ≀ n < 10^3) β€” the number of i-th page, as well as k lines, each line containing one of the strings (up to 100 characters) written on the page numbered p_i. Output Output a string representing the reconstructed alphabet of this ancient civilization. If the book found is not a dictionary, output "IMPOSSIBLE" without quotes. In case there are multiple solutions, output any of them. Example Input 3 3 2 b b bbac 0 a aca acba 1 ab c ccb Output acb
instruction
0
26,719
6
53,438
Tags: graphs, sortings Correct Solution: ``` import os import io from collections import deque, defaultdict input = io.BytesIO(os.read(0,os.fstat(0).st_size)).readline def li():return [int(i) for i in input().rstrip().split()] def st():return str(input().rstrip())[2:-1] def val():return int(input().rstrip()) # def li():return [int(i) for i in input().rstrip().split()] # def st():return str(input()) # def val():return int(input()) #Input Reading n,k = li() words = [""] * n * k abc = set() for i in range(n): p = val() page = [] for j in range(k): word = st() words[p*k+j] = word abc |= set(word) def match(w1,w2): for i in range(min(len(w1), len(w2))): if w1[i] == w2[i]: continue else: return (w1[i],w2[i]) if len(w1) > len(w2): print("IMPOSSIBLE") exit() #Reading the graph and its indegrees g = {c: set() for c in abc} indeg = {c: 0 for c in abc} for i in range(len(words) - 1): out = match(words[i], words[i+1]) if out is not None: c1,c2 = out if c2 not in g[c1]: g[c1].add(c2) indeg[c2] += 1 #Topsort things ts = [] zero = deque() for u in g: if indeg[u] == 0: zero.append(u) while len(ts) != len(abc): if len(zero) == 0: print("IMPOSSIBLE") exit() u = zero.popleft() ts.append(u) for v in g[u]: indeg[v] -= 1 if indeg[v] == 0: zero.append(v) print("".join(ts)) ```
output
1
26,719
6
53,439
Provide tags and a correct Python 3 solution for this coding contest problem. While exploring the old caves, researchers found a book, or more precisely, a stash of mixed pages from a book. Luckily, all of the original pages are present and each page contains its number. Therefore, the researchers can reconstruct the book. After taking a deeper look into the contents of these pages, linguists think that this may be some kind of dictionary. What's interesting is that this ancient civilization used an alphabet which is a subset of the English alphabet, however, the order of these letters in the alphabet is not like the one in the English language. Given the contents of pages that researchers have found, your task is to reconstruct the alphabet of this ancient civilization using the provided pages from the dictionary. Input First-line contains two integers: n and k (1 ≀ n, k ≀ 10^3) β€” the number of pages that scientists have found and the number of words present at each page. Following n groups contain a line with a single integer p_i (0 ≀ n < 10^3) β€” the number of i-th page, as well as k lines, each line containing one of the strings (up to 100 characters) written on the page numbered p_i. Output Output a string representing the reconstructed alphabet of this ancient civilization. If the book found is not a dictionary, output "IMPOSSIBLE" without quotes. In case there are multiple solutions, output any of them. Example Input 3 3 2 b b bbac 0 a aca acba 1 ab c ccb Output acb
instruction
0
26,720
6
53,440
Tags: graphs, sortings Correct Solution: ``` import os import sys from io import BytesIO, IOBase # region fastio BUFSIZE = 8192 class FastIO(IOBase): newlines = 0 def __init__(self, file): self._fd = file.fileno() self.buffer = BytesIO() self.writable = "x" in file.mode or "r" not in file.mode self.write = self.buffer.write if self.writable else None def read(self): while True: b = os.read(self._fd, max(os.fstat(self._fd).st_size, BUFSIZE)) if not b: break ptr = self.buffer.tell() self.buffer.seek(0, 2), self.buffer.write(b), self.buffer.seek(ptr) self.newlines = 0 return self.buffer.read() def readline(self): while self.newlines == 0: b = os.read(self._fd, max(os.fstat(self._fd).st_size, BUFSIZE)) self.newlines = b.count(b"\n") + (not b) ptr = self.buffer.tell() self.buffer.seek(0, 2), self.buffer.write(b), self.buffer.seek(ptr) self.newlines -= 1 return self.buffer.readline() def flush(self): if self.writable: os.write(self._fd, self.buffer.getvalue()) self.buffer.truncate(0), self.buffer.seek(0) class IOWrapper(IOBase): def __init__(self, file): self.buffer = FastIO(file) self.flush = self.buffer.flush self.writable = self.buffer.writable self.write = lambda s: self.buffer.write(s.encode("ascii")) self.read = lambda: self.buffer.read().decode("ascii") self.readline = lambda: self.buffer.readline().decode("ascii") sys.stdin, sys.stdout = IOWrapper(sys.stdin), IOWrapper(sys.stdout) input = lambda: sys.stdin.readline() # ------------------------------ def RL(): return map(int, sys.stdin.readline().split()) def RLL(): return list(map(int, sys.stdin.readline().split())) def N(): return int(input()) def print_list(l): print(' '.join(map(str,l))) # sys.setrecursionlimit(100000) # from heapq import * # from collections import deque as dq # from math import ceil,floor,sqrt,pow,gcd,log # import bisect as bs # from collections import Counter from collections import defaultdict as dc # from functools import lru_cache n,k = RL() dic = [[] for _ in range(1000)] for _ in range(n): page = N() for _ in range(k): dic[page].append(input().strip()) dic = [word for page in dic for word in page] nw = len(dic) # print(dic) ingress = dc(int) edges = dc(list) chars = set() chars|=set(dic[0]) F = True for i in range(1,nw): a,b = dic[i-1],dic[i] if len(chars)<26: chars|=set(b) flag = False for i,j in zip(a,b): if i!=j: ingress[j]+=1 edges[i].append(j) flag = True break if not flag and len(b)<len(a): F = False break if not F: print('IMPOSSIBLE') else: # print(edges) res = '' now = [] for c in chars: ingress[c] = max(0,ingress[c]) if ingress[c]==0: now.append(c) # print(ingress) while now: a = now.pop() res+=a for b in edges[a]: ingress[b]-=1 if ingress[b]==0: now.append(b) if len(res)==len(chars): print(res) else: print('IMPOSSIBLE') ```
output
1
26,720
6
53,441
Provide tags and a correct Python 3 solution for this coding contest problem. While exploring the old caves, researchers found a book, or more precisely, a stash of mixed pages from a book. Luckily, all of the original pages are present and each page contains its number. Therefore, the researchers can reconstruct the book. After taking a deeper look into the contents of these pages, linguists think that this may be some kind of dictionary. What's interesting is that this ancient civilization used an alphabet which is a subset of the English alphabet, however, the order of these letters in the alphabet is not like the one in the English language. Given the contents of pages that researchers have found, your task is to reconstruct the alphabet of this ancient civilization using the provided pages from the dictionary. Input First-line contains two integers: n and k (1 ≀ n, k ≀ 10^3) β€” the number of pages that scientists have found and the number of words present at each page. Following n groups contain a line with a single integer p_i (0 ≀ n < 10^3) β€” the number of i-th page, as well as k lines, each line containing one of the strings (up to 100 characters) written on the page numbered p_i. Output Output a string representing the reconstructed alphabet of this ancient civilization. If the book found is not a dictionary, output "IMPOSSIBLE" without quotes. In case there are multiple solutions, output any of them. Example Input 3 3 2 b b bbac 0 a aca acba 1 ab c ccb Output acb
instruction
0
26,721
6
53,442
Tags: graphs, sortings Correct Solution: ``` # ------------------- fast io -------------------- import os import sys from io import BytesIO, IOBase BUFSIZE = 8192 class FastIO(IOBase): newlines = 0 def __init__(self, file): self._fd = file.fileno() self.buffer = BytesIO() self.writable = "x" in file.mode or "r" not in file.mode self.write = self.buffer.write if self.writable else None def read(self): while True: b = os.read(self._fd, max(os.fstat(self._fd).st_size, BUFSIZE)) if not b: break ptr = self.buffer.tell() self.buffer.seek(0, 2), self.buffer.write(b), self.buffer.seek(ptr) self.newlines = 0 return self.buffer.read() def readline(self): while self.newlines == 0: b = os.read(self._fd, max(os.fstat(self._fd).st_size, BUFSIZE)) self.newlines = b.count(b"\n") + (not b) ptr = self.buffer.tell() self.buffer.seek(0, 2), self.buffer.write(b), self.buffer.seek(ptr) self.newlines -= 1 return self.buffer.readline() def flush(self): if self.writable: os.write(self._fd, self.buffer.getvalue()) self.buffer.truncate(0), self.buffer.seek(0) class IOWrapper(IOBase): def __init__(self, file): self.buffer = FastIO(file) self.flush = self.buffer.flush self.writable = self.buffer.writable self.write = lambda s: self.buffer.write(s.encode("ascii")) self.read = lambda: self.buffer.read().decode("ascii") self.readline = lambda: self.buffer.readline().decode("ascii") sys.stdin, sys.stdout = IOWrapper(sys.stdin), IOWrapper(sys.stdout) input = lambda: sys.stdin.readline().rstrip("\r\n") # ------------------- fast io -------------------- from math import gcd, ceil def prod(a, mod=10**9+7): ans = 1 for each in a: ans = (ans * each) % mod return ans def lcm(a, b): return a * b // gcd(a, b) def binary(x, length=16): y = bin(x)[2:] return y if len(y) >= length else "0" * (length - len(y)) + y for _ in range(int(input()) if not True else 1): #n = int(input()) n, k = map(int, input().split()) #a, b = map(int, input().split()) #c, d = map(int, input().split()) #a = list(map(int, input().split())) #b = list(map(int, input().split())) #s = input() di = {} present = [False]*26 for i in range(n): page = int(input()) di[page] = [] for __ in range(k): s = input() for i in s: present[ord(i)-97] = True di[page] += [s] words = [] for u in sorted(k for k in di): words += di[u] graph = [set() for i in range(26)] pos = True for i in range(1, len(words)): j = 0 while j < min(len(words[i]), len(words[i-1])): if words[i][j] == words[i-1][j]: j += 1 continue l1, l2 = ord(words[i-1][j]) - 97, ord(words[i][j]) - 97 if l1 in graph[l2]: pos = False break graph[l1].add(l2) break if len(words[i-1]) > len(words[i]) and words[i-1][:len(words[i])] == words[i]: print("IMPOSSIBLE") quit() if not pos:break if not pos: print("IMPOSSIBLE") quit() graph = [list(k) for k in graph] edges = [i for i in range(26) if present[i]] order = [] vis = [False]*26 while True: lo = len(order) for e in edges: if not graph[e] and e not in order: order += [e] vis[e] = True for i in range(26): for j in order: if j in graph[i]: graph[i].remove(j) if lo == len(order):break order = order[::-1] if not order: print("IMPOSSIBLE") quit() pos = True for i in range(26): for j in graph[i]: if order.index(i) > order.index(j): pos = False break if not pos:break if not pos:print("IMPOSSIBLE") else: print("".join(chr(97+k) for k in order)) ```
output
1
26,721
6
53,443
Provide tags and a correct Python 3 solution for this coding contest problem. While exploring the old caves, researchers found a book, or more precisely, a stash of mixed pages from a book. Luckily, all of the original pages are present and each page contains its number. Therefore, the researchers can reconstruct the book. After taking a deeper look into the contents of these pages, linguists think that this may be some kind of dictionary. What's interesting is that this ancient civilization used an alphabet which is a subset of the English alphabet, however, the order of these letters in the alphabet is not like the one in the English language. Given the contents of pages that researchers have found, your task is to reconstruct the alphabet of this ancient civilization using the provided pages from the dictionary. Input First-line contains two integers: n and k (1 ≀ n, k ≀ 10^3) β€” the number of pages that scientists have found and the number of words present at each page. Following n groups contain a line with a single integer p_i (0 ≀ n < 10^3) β€” the number of i-th page, as well as k lines, each line containing one of the strings (up to 100 characters) written on the page numbered p_i. Output Output a string representing the reconstructed alphabet of this ancient civilization. If the book found is not a dictionary, output "IMPOSSIBLE" without quotes. In case there are multiple solutions, output any of them. Example Input 3 3 2 b b bbac 0 a aca acba 1 ab c ccb Output acb
instruction
0
26,722
6
53,444
Tags: graphs, sortings Correct Solution: ``` from bisect import bisect_left as bl from bisect import bisect_right as br from heapq import heappush,heappop import math from collections import * from functools import reduce,cmp_to_key,lru_cache import io, os input = io.BytesIO(os.read(0,os.fstat(0).st_size)).readline;M = mod = 10**9 + 7 def factors(n):return sorted(set(reduce(list.__add__, ([i, n//i] for i in range(1, int(n**0.5) + 1) if n % i == 0)))) def inv_mod(n):return pow(n, mod - 2, mod) def li():return [int(i) for i in input().rstrip().split()] def st():return str(input().rstrip())[2:-1] def val():return int(input().rstrip()) def li2():return [str(i)[2:-1] for i in input().rstrip().split()] def li3():return [int(i) for i in st()] graph = defaultdict(set);n, k = li();l = [];allwords = set() for i in range(n): p = val();l1 = [] for j in range(k):l1.append(st()) allwords |= set(l1[-1]);l.append([p, l1[:]]) l.sort(key = lambda x:x[0]);l = [i[1] for i in l] if n == k == 1:print(''.join(set(l[0][0])));exit() ingraph = defaultdict(int) def match(a, b): for j in range(min(len(a), len(b))): if a[j] == b[j]:continue elif b[j] in graph[a[j]]:return else:graph[a[j]].add(b[j]);ingraph[b[j]] += 1;return if len(a) > len(b):print('IMPOSSIBLE');exit() finl = [] for i in l:finl.extend(i) l = finl for i in range(1, len(l)):match(l[i - 1], l[i]) if min([ingraph[j] for j in graph]) != 0:print('IMPOSSIBLE');exit() ans = '';d = deque() for j in graph: if ingraph[j] == 0:d.append(j) while d: node = d.popleft();ans += node for j in graph[node]: ingraph[j] -= 1 if not ingraph[j]:d.append(j) if len(ans) != len(allwords):print('IMPOSSIBLE');exit() print(ans) ```
output
1
26,722
6
53,445
Provide tags and a correct Python 3 solution for this coding contest problem. While exploring the old caves, researchers found a book, or more precisely, a stash of mixed pages from a book. Luckily, all of the original pages are present and each page contains its number. Therefore, the researchers can reconstruct the book. After taking a deeper look into the contents of these pages, linguists think that this may be some kind of dictionary. What's interesting is that this ancient civilization used an alphabet which is a subset of the English alphabet, however, the order of these letters in the alphabet is not like the one in the English language. Given the contents of pages that researchers have found, your task is to reconstruct the alphabet of this ancient civilization using the provided pages from the dictionary. Input First-line contains two integers: n and k (1 ≀ n, k ≀ 10^3) β€” the number of pages that scientists have found and the number of words present at each page. Following n groups contain a line with a single integer p_i (0 ≀ n < 10^3) β€” the number of i-th page, as well as k lines, each line containing one of the strings (up to 100 characters) written on the page numbered p_i. Output Output a string representing the reconstructed alphabet of this ancient civilization. If the book found is not a dictionary, output "IMPOSSIBLE" without quotes. In case there are multiple solutions, output any of them. Example Input 3 3 2 b b bbac 0 a aca acba 1 ab c ccb Output acb
instruction
0
26,723
6
53,446
Tags: graphs, sortings Correct Solution: ``` # from collections import deque import io # input = io.BytesIO(os.read(0, os.fstat(0).st_size)).readline # η₯žε₯‡εΏ«θ―»οΌŒζ— ζ³•θΏθ‘Œθ°ƒθ―• import os import sys from io import BytesIO, IOBase BUFSIZE = 8192 class FastIO(IOBase): newlines = 0 def __init__(self, file): self._fd = file.fileno() self.buffer = BytesIO() self.writable = "x" in file.mode or "r" not in file.mode self.write = self.buffer.write if self.writable else None def read(self): while True: b = os.read(self._fd, max(os.fstat(self._fd).st_size, BUFSIZE)) if not b: break ptr = self.buffer.tell() self.buffer.seek(0, 2), self.buffer.write(b), self.buffer.seek(ptr) self.newlines = 0 return self.buffer.read() def readline(self): while self.newlines == 0: b = os.read(self._fd, max(os.fstat(self._fd).st_size, BUFSIZE)) self.newlines = b.count(b"\n") + (not b) ptr = self.buffer.tell() self.buffer.seek(0, 2), self.buffer.write(b), self.buffer.seek(ptr) self.newlines -= 1 return self.buffer.readline() def flush(self): if self.writable: os.write(self._fd, self.buffer.getvalue()) self.buffer.truncate(0), self.buffer.seek(0) class IOWrapper(IOBase): def __init__(self, file): self.buffer = FastIO(file) self.flush = self.buffer.flush self.writable = self.buffer.writable self.write = lambda s: self.buffer.write(s.encode("ascii")) self.read = lambda: self.buffer.read().decode("ascii") self.readline = lambda: self.buffer.readline().decode("ascii") sys.stdin, sys.stdout = IOWrapper(sys.stdin), IOWrapper(sys.stdout) def input(): return sys.stdin.readline().rstrip("\r\n") n, m = map(int, input().split()) # d = {} inc = { # chr(97+i):0 for i in range(26) } l = [None for i in range(n*m)] for i in range(n): t = int(input()) # tmp = [] for j in range(m): # tmp.append(input()) ipt = input() l[t*m+j] = ipt if len(inc)==26:continue for q in ipt: inc.setdefault(q, 0) # d[t] = tmp # l = [] # for i in range(n): # for j in d[i]: # l.append(j) d = {} # f = l[0][0] def ae(u, v): t = d.setdefault(u, set()) if v not in t: t.add(v) inc[v] = inc.get(v, 0) + 1 for p, i in enumerate(l[1:]): for j in range(min(len(l[p]), len(i))): if l[p][j] != i[j]: # if len(l[p])-1 != j: # ae(l[p][j],i[j]) ae(i[j], l[p][j]) break if len(i)-1==j and len(l[p])-1 > j: print("IMPOSSIBLE") exit(0) ans = [] dq = [] # dq = deque() ptr = 0 ninc = {} for k, v in inc.items(): if v == 0: dq.append(k) else: ninc[k] = v # if ctr>1: # print("IMPOSSIBLE") # exit(0) inc = ninc while ptr != len(dq): fst = dq[ptr] ans.append(fst) for i in d.get(fst, []): inc[i] -= 1 if inc[i] == 0: dq.append(i) inc.pop(i) # if ctr>1: # print("IMPOSSIBLE") # exit(0) ptr += 1 if len(inc): print("IMPOSSIBLE") exit(0) print(*reversed(ans), sep='') ```
output
1
26,723
6
53,447
Evaluate the correctness of the submitted Python 3 solution to the coding contest problem. Provide a "Yes" or "No" response. While exploring the old caves, researchers found a book, or more precisely, a stash of mixed pages from a book. Luckily, all of the original pages are present and each page contains its number. Therefore, the researchers can reconstruct the book. After taking a deeper look into the contents of these pages, linguists think that this may be some kind of dictionary. What's interesting is that this ancient civilization used an alphabet which is a subset of the English alphabet, however, the order of these letters in the alphabet is not like the one in the English language. Given the contents of pages that researchers have found, your task is to reconstruct the alphabet of this ancient civilization using the provided pages from the dictionary. Input First-line contains two integers: n and k (1 ≀ n, k ≀ 10^3) β€” the number of pages that scientists have found and the number of words present at each page. Following n groups contain a line with a single integer p_i (0 ≀ n < 10^3) β€” the number of i-th page, as well as k lines, each line containing one of the strings (up to 100 characters) written on the page numbered p_i. Output Output a string representing the reconstructed alphabet of this ancient civilization. If the book found is not a dictionary, output "IMPOSSIBLE" without quotes. In case there are multiple solutions, output any of them. Example Input 3 3 2 b b bbac 0 a aca acba 1 ab c ccb Output acb Submitted Solution: ``` import os import sys from io import BytesIO, IOBase # region fastio BUFSIZE = 8192 class FastIO(IOBase): newlines = 0 def __init__(self, file): self._fd = file.fileno() self.buffer = BytesIO() self.writable = "x" in file.mode or "r" not in file.mode self.write = self.buffer.write if self.writable else None def read(self): while True: b = os.read(self._fd, max(os.fstat(self._fd).st_size, BUFSIZE)) if not b: break ptr = self.buffer.tell() self.buffer.seek(0, 2), self.buffer.write(b), self.buffer.seek(ptr) self.newlines = 0 return self.buffer.read() def readline(self): while self.newlines == 0: b = os.read(self._fd, max(os.fstat(self._fd).st_size, BUFSIZE)) self.newlines = b.count(b"\n") + (not b) ptr = self.buffer.tell() self.buffer.seek(0, 2), self.buffer.write(b), self.buffer.seek(ptr) self.newlines -= 1 return self.buffer.readline() def flush(self): if self.writable: os.write(self._fd, self.buffer.getvalue()) self.buffer.truncate(0), self.buffer.seek(0) class IOWrapper(IOBase): def __init__(self, file): self.buffer = FastIO(file) self.flush = self.buffer.flush self.writable = self.buffer.writable self.write = lambda s: self.buffer.write(s.encode("ascii")) self.read = lambda: self.buffer.read().decode("ascii") self.readline = lambda: self.buffer.readline().decode("ascii") sys.stdin, sys.stdout = IOWrapper(sys.stdin), IOWrapper(sys.stdout) input = lambda: sys.stdin.readline() # ------------------------------ def RL(): return map(int, sys.stdin.readline().split()) def RLL(): return list(map(int, sys.stdin.readline().split())) def N(): return int(input()) def print_list(l): print(' '.join(map(str,l))) # sys.setrecursionlimit(100000) # from heapq import * # from collections import deque as dq # from math import ceil,floor,sqrt,pow,gcd,log # import bisect as bs # from collections import Counter from collections import defaultdict as dc # from functools import lru_cache n,k = RL() dic = [[] for _ in range(1000)] for _ in range(n): page = N() for _ in range(k): dic[page].append(input().strip()) dic = [word for page in dic for word in page] nw = len(dic) # print(dic) ingress = dc(int) edges = dc(list) chars = set() chars|=set(dic[0]) for i in range(1,nw): a,b = dic[i-1],dic[i] if len(chars)<26: chars|=set(b) for i,j in zip(a,b): if i!=j: ingress[j]+=1 edges[i].append(j) break # print(edges) res = '' now = [] for c in chars: ingress[c] = max(0,ingress[c]) if ingress[c]==0: now.append(c) while now: a = now.pop() res+=a for b in edges[a]: ingress[b]-=1 if ingress[b]==0: now.append(b) if len(res)==len(chars): print(res) else: print('IMPOSSIBLE') ```
instruction
0
26,724
6
53,448
No
output
1
26,724
6
53,449
Evaluate the correctness of the submitted Python 3 solution to the coding contest problem. Provide a "Yes" or "No" response. While exploring the old caves, researchers found a book, or more precisely, a stash of mixed pages from a book. Luckily, all of the original pages are present and each page contains its number. Therefore, the researchers can reconstruct the book. After taking a deeper look into the contents of these pages, linguists think that this may be some kind of dictionary. What's interesting is that this ancient civilization used an alphabet which is a subset of the English alphabet, however, the order of these letters in the alphabet is not like the one in the English language. Given the contents of pages that researchers have found, your task is to reconstruct the alphabet of this ancient civilization using the provided pages from the dictionary. Input First-line contains two integers: n and k (1 ≀ n, k ≀ 10^3) β€” the number of pages that scientists have found and the number of words present at each page. Following n groups contain a line with a single integer p_i (0 ≀ n < 10^3) β€” the number of i-th page, as well as k lines, each line containing one of the strings (up to 100 characters) written on the page numbered p_i. Output Output a string representing the reconstructed alphabet of this ancient civilization. If the book found is not a dictionary, output "IMPOSSIBLE" without quotes. In case there are multiple solutions, output any of them. Example Input 3 3 2 b b bbac 0 a aca acba 1 ab c ccb Output acb Submitted Solution: ``` from bisect import bisect_left as bl from bisect import bisect_right as br from heapq import heappush,heappop,heapify import math from collections import * from functools import reduce,cmp_to_key import sys input = sys.stdin.readline from itertools import accumulate from functools import lru_cache M = mod = 998244353 def factors(n):return sorted(set(reduce(list.__add__, ([i, n//i] for i in range(1, int(n**0.5) + 1) if n % i == 0)))) def inv_mod(n):return pow(n, mod - 2, mod) def li():return [int(i) for i in input().rstrip('\n').split()] def st():return input().rstrip('\n') def val():return int(input().rstrip('\n')) def li2():return [i for i in input().rstrip('\n')] def li3():return [int(i) for i in input().rstrip('\n')] graph = defaultdict(set) n, k = li() l = [] allwords = set() for i in range(n): p = val() l1 = [] for j in range(k):l1.append(st()) # print(p, l1) allwords |= set(l1[-1]) l.append([p, l1[:]]) l.sort() l = [i[1] for i in l] # print(l) ingraph = defaultdict(int) def match(a, b): for j in range(min(len(a), len(b))): if a[j] == b[j] or b[j] in graph[a[j]]:continue else: graph[a[j]].add(b[j]) ingraph[b[j]] += 1 return # print(l) finl = [] for i in l:finl.extend(i) l = finl # for i in l: # print(i) # print() # print(l) for i in range(1, len(l)): match(l[i - 1], l[i]) # print(graph) # print(ingraph) if min([ingraph[j] for j in graph]) != 0: print('IMPOSSIBLE') exit() ans = '' d = deque() for j in graph: if ingraph[j] == 0: d.append(j) # print(d) while d: node = d.popleft() ans += node for j in graph[node]: ingraph[j] -= 1 if not ingraph[j]:d.append(j) if len(ans) != len(allwords): print('IMPOSSIBLE') exit() print(ans) ```
instruction
0
26,725
6
53,450
No
output
1
26,725
6
53,451
Evaluate the correctness of the submitted Python 3 solution to the coding contest problem. Provide a "Yes" or "No" response. While exploring the old caves, researchers found a book, or more precisely, a stash of mixed pages from a book. Luckily, all of the original pages are present and each page contains its number. Therefore, the researchers can reconstruct the book. After taking a deeper look into the contents of these pages, linguists think that this may be some kind of dictionary. What's interesting is that this ancient civilization used an alphabet which is a subset of the English alphabet, however, the order of these letters in the alphabet is not like the one in the English language. Given the contents of pages that researchers have found, your task is to reconstruct the alphabet of this ancient civilization using the provided pages from the dictionary. Input First-line contains two integers: n and k (1 ≀ n, k ≀ 10^3) β€” the number of pages that scientists have found and the number of words present at each page. Following n groups contain a line with a single integer p_i (0 ≀ n < 10^3) β€” the number of i-th page, as well as k lines, each line containing one of the strings (up to 100 characters) written on the page numbered p_i. Output Output a string representing the reconstructed alphabet of this ancient civilization. If the book found is not a dictionary, output "IMPOSSIBLE" without quotes. In case there are multiple solutions, output any of them. Example Input 3 3 2 b b bbac 0 a aca acba 1 ab c ccb Output acb Submitted Solution: ``` from collections import deque import io,os input = io.BytesIO(os.read(0, os.fstat(0).st_size)).readline # η₯žε₯‡εΏ«θ―»οΌŒζ— ζ³•θΏθ‘Œθ°ƒθ―• n,m = map(int,input().split()) d = {} inc = {} for i in range(n): t = int(input()) tmp = [] for j in range(m): tmp.append(input()) for q in tmp[-1]: inc.setdefault(q,0) d[t] = tmp l = [] for i in range(n): for j in d[i]: l.append(j) d = {} # f = l[0][0] def ae(u,v): t = d.setdefault(u,set()) if v not in t: t.add(v) inc[v] = inc.get(v,0) + 1 for p,i in enumerate(l[1:]): for j in range(min(len(l[p]),len(i))): if l[p][j]!=i[j]: if len(l[p])!=j-1: # ae(l[p][j],i[j]) ae(i[j],l[p][j]) break ans = [] dq = [] # dq = deque() ptr = 0 ctr = 0 ninc = {} for k,v in inc.items(): if v==0: dq.append(k) ctr+=1 else: ninc[k] = v # if ctr>1: # print("IMPOSSIBLE") # exit(0) inc = ninc while ptr != len(dq): fst = dq[ptr] ans.append(fst) ctr = 0 for i in d.get(fst,[]): inc[i]-=1 if inc[i]==0: dq.append(i) inc.pop(i) ctr += 1 # if ctr>1: # print("IMPOSSIBLE") # exit(0) ptr+=1 if len(inc): print("IMPOSSIBLE") exit(0) print(*reversed(ans),sep='') ```
instruction
0
26,726
6
53,452
No
output
1
26,726
6
53,453
Evaluate the correctness of the submitted Python 3 solution to the coding contest problem. Provide a "Yes" or "No" response. While exploring the old caves, researchers found a book, or more precisely, a stash of mixed pages from a book. Luckily, all of the original pages are present and each page contains its number. Therefore, the researchers can reconstruct the book. After taking a deeper look into the contents of these pages, linguists think that this may be some kind of dictionary. What's interesting is that this ancient civilization used an alphabet which is a subset of the English alphabet, however, the order of these letters in the alphabet is not like the one in the English language. Given the contents of pages that researchers have found, your task is to reconstruct the alphabet of this ancient civilization using the provided pages from the dictionary. Input First-line contains two integers: n and k (1 ≀ n, k ≀ 10^3) β€” the number of pages that scientists have found and the number of words present at each page. Following n groups contain a line with a single integer p_i (0 ≀ n < 10^3) β€” the number of i-th page, as well as k lines, each line containing one of the strings (up to 100 characters) written on the page numbered p_i. Output Output a string representing the reconstructed alphabet of this ancient civilization. If the book found is not a dictionary, output "IMPOSSIBLE" without quotes. In case there are multiple solutions, output any of them. Example Input 3 3 2 b b bbac 0 a aca acba 1 ab c ccb Output acb Submitted Solution: ``` from bisect import bisect_left as bl from bisect import bisect_right as br from heapq import heappush,heappop,heapify import math from collections import * from functools import reduce,cmp_to_key import sys input = sys.stdin.readline from itertools import accumulate from functools import lru_cache M = mod = 998244353 def factors(n):return sorted(set(reduce(list.__add__, ([i, n//i] for i in range(1, int(n**0.5) + 1) if n % i == 0)))) def inv_mod(n):return pow(n, mod - 2, mod) def li():return [int(i) for i in input().rstrip('\n').split()] def st():return input().rstrip('\n') def val():return int(input().rstrip('\n')) def li2():return [i for i in input().rstrip('\n')] def li3():return [int(i) for i in input().rstrip('\n')] graph = defaultdict(set) n, k = li() l = [] for i in range(n): p = val() l1 = [] for j in range(k):l1.append(st()) # print(p, l1) l.append([p, l1[:]]) l.sort() l = [i[1] for i in l] # print(l) ingraph = defaultdict(int) def match(a, b): for j in range(min(len(a), len(b))): if a[j] == b[j] or b[j] in graph[a[j]]:continue else: graph[a[j]].add(b[j]) ingraph[b[j]] += 1 return # print(l) finl = [] for i in l:finl.extend(i) l = finl # for i in l: # print(i) # print() # print(l) for i in range(1, len(l)): match(l[i - 1], l[i]) if min([ingraph[j] for j in graph]) != 0: print('IMPOSSIBLE') exit() ans = '' d = deque() for j in graph: if ingraph[j] == 0: d.append(j) # print(d) while d: node = d.popleft() ans += node for j in graph[node]: ingraph[j] -= 1 if not ingraph[j]:d.append(j) for i in list(graph) + list(ingraph): if i not in ans: print('IMPOSSIBLE') exit() print(ans) ```
instruction
0
26,727
6
53,454
No
output
1
26,727
6
53,455
Provide tags and a correct Python 3 solution for this coding contest problem. Andrew, Fedor and Alex are inventive guys. Now they invent the game with strings for two players. Given a group of n non-empty strings. During the game two players build the word together, initially the word is empty. The players move in turns. On his step player must add a single letter in the end of the word, the resulting word must be prefix of at least one string from the group. A player loses if he cannot move. Andrew and Alex decided to play this game k times. The player who is the loser of the i-th game makes the first move in the (i + 1)-th game. Guys decided that the winner of all games is the player who wins the last (k-th) game. Andrew and Alex already started the game. Fedor wants to know who wins the game if both players will play optimally. Help him. Input The first line contains two integers, n and k (1 ≀ n ≀ 105; 1 ≀ k ≀ 109). Each of the next n lines contains a single non-empty string from the given group. The total length of all strings from the group doesn't exceed 105. Each string of the group consists only of lowercase English letters. Output If the player who moves first wins, print "First", otherwise print "Second" (without the quotes). Examples Input 2 3 a b Output First Input 3 1 a b c Output First Input 1 2 ab Output Second
instruction
0
26,884
6
53,768
Tags: dfs and similar, dp, games, implementation, strings, trees Correct Solution: ``` """ Codeforces Contest 260 Div 1 Problem B Author : chaotic_iak Language: Python 3.3.4 """ def main(): n,k = read() s = set() for i in range(n): s.add(read(0)) s = list(s) s.sort() s = treeify(s) res = solve(s) if res == 0: # neither: second player win print("Second") if res == 1: # odd: first player win if k is odd print("First" if k % 2 else "Second") if res == 2: # even: second player win print("Second") if res == 3: # both: first player win print("First") def treeify(s): res = [[] for _ in range(26)] for i in s: if i: res[ord(i[0]) - 97].append(i[1:]) fin = [] for i in range(26): if res[i]: fin.append(treeify(res[i])) return fin def solve(s, parity=2): for i in range(len(s)): if isinstance(s[i], list): s[i] = solve(s[i], 3-parity) if not s: return parity # no possible move: current parity if 0 in s: return 3 # any neither: both if 1 in s and 2 in s: return 3 # any odd and any even: both if 1 in s: return 1 # any odd: odd if 2 in s: return 2 # any even: even return 0 # all both: neither ################################### NON-SOLUTION STUFF BELOW def read(mode=2): # 0: String # 1: List of strings # 2: List of integers inputs = input().strip() if mode == 0: return inputs if mode == 1: return inputs.split() if mode == 2: return map(int, inputs.split()) def write(s="\n"): if isinstance(s, list): s = " ".join(map(str, s)) s = str(s) print(s, end="") main() ```
output
1
26,884
6
53,769
Provide tags and a correct Python 3 solution for this coding contest problem. Andrew, Fedor and Alex are inventive guys. Now they invent the game with strings for two players. Given a group of n non-empty strings. During the game two players build the word together, initially the word is empty. The players move in turns. On his step player must add a single letter in the end of the word, the resulting word must be prefix of at least one string from the group. A player loses if he cannot move. Andrew and Alex decided to play this game k times. The player who is the loser of the i-th game makes the first move in the (i + 1)-th game. Guys decided that the winner of all games is the player who wins the last (k-th) game. Andrew and Alex already started the game. Fedor wants to know who wins the game if both players will play optimally. Help him. Input The first line contains two integers, n and k (1 ≀ n ≀ 105; 1 ≀ k ≀ 109). Each of the next n lines contains a single non-empty string from the given group. The total length of all strings from the group doesn't exceed 105. Each string of the group consists only of lowercase English letters. Output If the player who moves first wins, print "First", otherwise print "Second" (without the quotes). Examples Input 2 3 a b Output First Input 3 1 a b c Output First Input 1 2 ab Output Second
instruction
0
26,885
6
53,770
Tags: dfs and similar, dp, games, implementation, strings, trees Correct Solution: ``` class TrieNode(object): def __init__(self, char: str): self.char = char self.children = [] self.word_finished = False self.counter = 1 def add(root, word): node = root node.counter+=1 for char in word: found_in_child = False for child in node.children: if child.char == char: child.counter += 1 node = child found_in_child = True break if not found_in_child: new_node = TrieNode(char) node.children.append(new_node) node = new_node node.word_finished = True def win(node): if node.children==[]: return False for child in node.children: if not win(child): return True return False def loss(node): if node.children == []: return True for child in node.children: if not loss(child): return True return False root=TrieNode("") n,k=map(int,input().split()) for j in range(n): add(root,input()) win=win(root) loss=loss(root) if not win: print("Second") else: if loss: print("First") else: if k%2: print("First") else: print("Second") ```
output
1
26,885
6
53,771
Provide tags and a correct Python 3 solution for this coding contest problem. Andrew, Fedor and Alex are inventive guys. Now they invent the game with strings for two players. Given a group of n non-empty strings. During the game two players build the word together, initially the word is empty. The players move in turns. On his step player must add a single letter in the end of the word, the resulting word must be prefix of at least one string from the group. A player loses if he cannot move. Andrew and Alex decided to play this game k times. The player who is the loser of the i-th game makes the first move in the (i + 1)-th game. Guys decided that the winner of all games is the player who wins the last (k-th) game. Andrew and Alex already started the game. Fedor wants to know who wins the game if both players will play optimally. Help him. Input The first line contains two integers, n and k (1 ≀ n ≀ 105; 1 ≀ k ≀ 109). Each of the next n lines contains a single non-empty string from the given group. The total length of all strings from the group doesn't exceed 105. Each string of the group consists only of lowercase English letters. Output If the player who moves first wins, print "First", otherwise print "Second" (without the quotes). Examples Input 2 3 a b Output First Input 3 1 a b c Output First Input 1 2 ab Output Second
instruction
0
26,886
6
53,772
Tags: dfs and similar, dp, games, implementation, strings, trees Correct Solution: ``` # ------------------- fast io -------------------- import os import sys sys.setrecursionlimit(10**5) from io import BytesIO, IOBase BUFSIZE = 8192 class FastIO(IOBase): newlines = 0 def __init__(self, file): self._fd = file.fileno() self.buffer = BytesIO() self.writable = "x" in file.mode or "r" not in file.mode self.write = self.buffer.write if self.writable else None def read(self): while True: b = os.read(self._fd, max(os.fstat(self._fd).st_size, BUFSIZE)) if not b: break ptr = self.buffer.tell() self.buffer.seek(0, 2), self.buffer.write(b), self.buffer.seek(ptr) self.newlines = 0 return self.buffer.read() def readline(self): while self.newlines == 0: b = os.read(self._fd, max(os.fstat(self._fd).st_size, BUFSIZE)) self.newlines = b.count(b"\n") + (not b) ptr = self.buffer.tell() self.buffer.seek(0, 2), self.buffer.write(b), self.buffer.seek(ptr) self.newlines -= 1 return self.buffer.readline() def flush(self): if self.writable: os.write(self._fd, self.buffer.getvalue()) self.buffer.truncate(0), self.buffer.seek(0) class IOWrapper(IOBase): def __init__(self, file): self.buffer = FastIO(file) self.flush = self.buffer.flush self.writable = self.buffer.writable self.write = lambda s: self.buffer.write(s.encode("ascii")) self.read = lambda: self.buffer.read().decode("ascii") self.readline = lambda: self.buffer.readline().decode("ascii") sys.stdin, sys.stdout = IOWrapper(sys.stdin), IOWrapper(sys.stdout) input = lambda: sys.stdin.readline().rstrip("\r\n") # ------------------- fast io -------------------- class Trie: class Node: def __init__(self, char: str = "*"): self.char = char self.children = [] self.word_finished = False self.counter = 1 def __init__(self): self.root = Trie.Node() def add(self, word: str): node = self.root for char in word: found_in_child = False for child in node.children: if child.char == char: child.counter += 1 node = child found_in_child = True break if not found_in_child: new_node = Trie.Node(char) node.children.append(new_node) node = new_node node.word_finished = True def query(self, prefix, root=None): if not root: root = self.root node = root if not root.children: return 0 for char in prefix: char_not_found = True for child in node.children: if child.char == char: char_not_found = False node = child break if char_not_found: return 0 return node n, k = map(int, input().split()) tr = Trie() for _ in range(n): tr.add(input()) def can_win(node): if not node.children: return False for child in node.children: if not can_win(child): return True return False def can_lose(node): if not node.children: return True for child in node.children: if not can_lose(child): return True return False pos = can_win(tr.root) pos2 = can_lose(tr.root) if pos and pos2: print("First") elif not pos: print("Second") else: print("First" if k % 2 else "Second") ```
output
1
26,886
6
53,773
Provide tags and a correct Python 3 solution for this coding contest problem. Andrew, Fedor and Alex are inventive guys. Now they invent the game with strings for two players. Given a group of n non-empty strings. During the game two players build the word together, initially the word is empty. The players move in turns. On his step player must add a single letter in the end of the word, the resulting word must be prefix of at least one string from the group. A player loses if he cannot move. Andrew and Alex decided to play this game k times. The player who is the loser of the i-th game makes the first move in the (i + 1)-th game. Guys decided that the winner of all games is the player who wins the last (k-th) game. Andrew and Alex already started the game. Fedor wants to know who wins the game if both players will play optimally. Help him. Input The first line contains two integers, n and k (1 ≀ n ≀ 105; 1 ≀ k ≀ 109). Each of the next n lines contains a single non-empty string from the given group. The total length of all strings from the group doesn't exceed 105. Each string of the group consists only of lowercase English letters. Output If the player who moves first wins, print "First", otherwise print "Second" (without the quotes). Examples Input 2 3 a b Output First Input 3 1 a b c Output First Input 1 2 ab Output Second
instruction
0
26,887
6
53,774
Tags: dfs and similar, dp, games, implementation, strings, trees Correct Solution: ``` from sys import stdin, setrecursionlimit setrecursionlimit(200000) n, k = [int(i) for i in stdin.readline().split()] tree = {} for i in range(n): _str = stdin.readline().strip() cur = tree for i in _str: if not i in cur: cur[i] = {} cur = cur[i] def forced(tree): if not tree: return (False, True) else: winner = False loser = False for leaf in tree: a, b = forced(tree[leaf]) if not a: winner = True if not b: loser = True return (winner, loser) a, b = forced(tree) first = 'First' second = 'Second' if a == 1 and b == 1: print(first) elif a == 0: print(second) else: if k % 2 != 0: print(first) else: print(second) ```
output
1
26,887
6
53,775
Provide tags and a correct Python 3 solution for this coding contest problem. Andrew, Fedor and Alex are inventive guys. Now they invent the game with strings for two players. Given a group of n non-empty strings. During the game two players build the word together, initially the word is empty. The players move in turns. On his step player must add a single letter in the end of the word, the resulting word must be prefix of at least one string from the group. A player loses if he cannot move. Andrew and Alex decided to play this game k times. The player who is the loser of the i-th game makes the first move in the (i + 1)-th game. Guys decided that the winner of all games is the player who wins the last (k-th) game. Andrew and Alex already started the game. Fedor wants to know who wins the game if both players will play optimally. Help him. Input The first line contains two integers, n and k (1 ≀ n ≀ 105; 1 ≀ k ≀ 109). Each of the next n lines contains a single non-empty string from the given group. The total length of all strings from the group doesn't exceed 105. Each string of the group consists only of lowercase English letters. Output If the player who moves first wins, print "First", otherwise print "Second" (without the quotes). Examples Input 2 3 a b Output First Input 3 1 a b c Output First Input 1 2 ab Output Second
instruction
0
26,889
6
53,778
Tags: dfs and similar, dp, games, implementation, strings, trees Correct Solution: ``` def forced(tree): if not tree: return (False, True) else: winner = False loser = False for leaf in tree: a, b = forced(tree[leaf]) if not a: winner = True if not b: loser = True return (winner, loser) def print_res(a, b, k): first = 'First' second = 'Second' if a == 1 and b == 1: print(first) elif a == 0: print(second) else: if k % 2 != 0: print(first) else: print(second) def main(): n, k = [int(i) for i in input().split()] tree = {} for i in range(n): _str = input().strip() cur = tree for i in _str: if not i in cur: cur[i] = {} cur = cur[i] a, b = forced(tree) print_res(a, b, k) if __name__ == '__main__': main() ```
output
1
26,889
6
53,779
Provide tags and a correct Python 3 solution for this coding contest problem. Andrew, Fedor and Alex are inventive guys. Now they invent the game with strings for two players. Given a group of n non-empty strings. During the game two players build the word together, initially the word is empty. The players move in turns. On his step player must add a single letter in the end of the word, the resulting word must be prefix of at least one string from the group. A player loses if he cannot move. Andrew and Alex decided to play this game k times. The player who is the loser of the i-th game makes the first move in the (i + 1)-th game. Guys decided that the winner of all games is the player who wins the last (k-th) game. Andrew and Alex already started the game. Fedor wants to know who wins the game if both players will play optimally. Help him. Input The first line contains two integers, n and k (1 ≀ n ≀ 105; 1 ≀ k ≀ 109). Each of the next n lines contains a single non-empty string from the given group. The total length of all strings from the group doesn't exceed 105. Each string of the group consists only of lowercase English letters. Output If the player who moves first wins, print "First", otherwise print "Second" (without the quotes). Examples Input 2 3 a b Output First Input 3 1 a b c Output First Input 1 2 ab Output Second
instruction
0
26,890
6
53,780
Tags: dfs and similar, dp, games, implementation, strings, trees Correct Solution: ``` from sys import stdin, setrecursionlimit setrecursionlimit(200000) n, k = [int(i) for i in stdin.readline().split()] tree = {} for i in range(n): _str = stdin.readline().strip() cur = tree for i in _str: if not i in cur: cur[i] = {} cur = cur[i] def forced(tree): if not tree: return (False, True) else: winner = False loser = False for leaf in tree: a, b = forced(tree[leaf]) if not a: winner = True if not b: loser = True return (winner, loser) a, b = forced(tree) def print_res(a, b, k): first = 'First' second = 'Second' if a == 1 and b == 1: print(first) elif a == 0: print(second) else: if k % 2 != 0: print(first) else: print(second) print_res(a, b, k) ```
output
1
26,890
6
53,781
Provide tags and a correct Python 3 solution for this coding contest problem. You all know that the Library of Bookland is the largest library in the world. There are dozens of thousands of books in the library. Some long and uninteresting story was removed... The alphabet of Bookland is so large that its letters are denoted by positive integers. Each letter can be small or large, the large version of a letter x is denoted by x'. BSCII encoding, which is used everywhere in Bookland, is made in that way so that large letters are presented in the order of the numbers they are denoted by, and small letters are presented in the order of the numbers they are denoted by, but all large letters are before all small letters. For example, the following conditions hold: 2 < 3, 2' < 3', 3' < 2. A word x1, x2, ..., xa is not lexicographically greater than y1, y2, ..., yb if one of the two following conditions holds: * a ≀ b and x1 = y1, ..., xa = ya, i.e. the first word is the prefix of the second word; * there is a position 1 ≀ j ≀ min(a, b), such that x1 = y1, ..., xj - 1 = yj - 1 and xj < yj, i.e. at the first position where the words differ the first word has a smaller letter than the second word has. For example, the word "3' 7 5" is before the word "2 4' 6" in lexicographical order. It is said that sequence of words is in lexicographical order if each word is not lexicographically greater than the next word in the sequence. Denis has a sequence of words consisting of small letters only. He wants to change some letters to large (let's call this process a capitalization) in such a way that the sequence of words is in lexicographical order. However, he soon realized that for some reason he can't change a single letter in a single word. He only can choose a letter and change all of its occurrences in all words to large letters. He can perform this operation any number of times with arbitrary letters of Bookland's alphabet. Help Denis to choose which letters he needs to capitalize (make large) in order to make the sequence of words lexicographically ordered, or determine that it is impossible. Note that some words can be equal. Input The first line contains two integers n and m (2 ≀ n ≀ 100 000, 1 ≀ m ≀ 100 000) β€” the number of words and the number of letters in Bookland's alphabet, respectively. The letters of Bookland's alphabet are denoted by integers from 1 to m. Each of the next n lines contains a description of one word in format li, si, 1, si, 2, ..., si, li (1 ≀ li ≀ 100 000, 1 ≀ si, j ≀ m), where li is the length of the word, and si, j is the sequence of letters in the word. The words are given in the order Denis has them in the sequence. It is guaranteed that the total length of all words is not greater than 100 000. Output In the first line print "Yes" (without quotes), if it is possible to capitalize some set of letters in such a way that the sequence of words becomes lexicographically ordered. Otherwise, print "No" (without quotes). If the required is possible, in the second line print k β€” the number of letters Denis has to capitalize (make large), and in the third line print k distinct integers β€” these letters. Note that you don't need to minimize the value k. You can print the letters in any order. If there are multiple answers, print any of them. Examples Input 4 3 1 2 1 1 3 1 3 2 2 1 1 Output Yes 2 2 3 Input 6 5 2 1 2 2 1 2 3 1 2 3 2 1 5 2 4 4 2 4 4 Output Yes 0 Input 4 3 4 3 2 2 1 3 1 1 3 3 2 3 3 2 3 1 Output No Note In the first example after Denis makes letters 2 and 3 large, the sequence looks like the following: * 2' * 1 * 1 3' 2' * 1 1 The condition 2' < 1 holds, so the first word is not lexicographically larger than the second word. The second word is the prefix of the third word, so the are in lexicographical order. As the first letters of the third and the fourth words are the same, and 3' < 1, then the third word is not lexicographically larger than the fourth word. In the second example the words are in lexicographical order from the beginning, so Denis can do nothing. In the third example there is no set of letters such that if Denis capitalizes them, the sequence becomes lexicographically ordered.
instruction
0
27,081
6
54,162
Tags: 2-sat, dfs and similar, graphs, implementation Correct Solution: ``` from collections import defaultdict, deque def main(): n,m = map(int, input().split()) cap = [None]*(m+1) same_cap = defaultdict(list) q = deque() def apply_cap(a, c): if cap[a] is not None: return cap[a] == c q.append((a,c)) while q: b = q.pop() if b[1] == c: if cap[b[0]] is None: cap[b[0]] = c q.extend(same_cap[b[0]]) same_cap[b[0]] = [] elif cap[b[0]]!=c: return False return True def same(a,b): same_cap[b].append((a,True)) same_cap[a].append((b,False)) if cap[a] == False: return apply_cap(b, False) if cap[b] == True: return apply_cap(a, True) return True def process(p,c): lp = p[0] lc = c[0] for i in range(1, min(lp,lc)+1): if p[i]>c[i]: return apply_cap(p[i], True) and apply_cap(c[i], False) if p[i]<c[i]: return same(p[i], c[i]) return lp<=lc p = list(map(int, input().split())) for i in range(n-1): c = list(map(int, input().split())) if not process(p, c): print ('No') break p = c else: print ('Yes') res = [] for i,b in enumerate(cap): if b: res.append(i) print(len(res)) print(' '.join(map(str,res))) main() ```
output
1
27,081
6
54,163
Provide tags and a correct Python 3 solution for this coding contest problem. You all know that the Library of Bookland is the largest library in the world. There are dozens of thousands of books in the library. Some long and uninteresting story was removed... The alphabet of Bookland is so large that its letters are denoted by positive integers. Each letter can be small or large, the large version of a letter x is denoted by x'. BSCII encoding, which is used everywhere in Bookland, is made in that way so that large letters are presented in the order of the numbers they are denoted by, and small letters are presented in the order of the numbers they are denoted by, but all large letters are before all small letters. For example, the following conditions hold: 2 < 3, 2' < 3', 3' < 2. A word x1, x2, ..., xa is not lexicographically greater than y1, y2, ..., yb if one of the two following conditions holds: * a ≀ b and x1 = y1, ..., xa = ya, i.e. the first word is the prefix of the second word; * there is a position 1 ≀ j ≀ min(a, b), such that x1 = y1, ..., xj - 1 = yj - 1 and xj < yj, i.e. at the first position where the words differ the first word has a smaller letter than the second word has. For example, the word "3' 7 5" is before the word "2 4' 6" in lexicographical order. It is said that sequence of words is in lexicographical order if each word is not lexicographically greater than the next word in the sequence. Denis has a sequence of words consisting of small letters only. He wants to change some letters to large (let's call this process a capitalization) in such a way that the sequence of words is in lexicographical order. However, he soon realized that for some reason he can't change a single letter in a single word. He only can choose a letter and change all of its occurrences in all words to large letters. He can perform this operation any number of times with arbitrary letters of Bookland's alphabet. Help Denis to choose which letters he needs to capitalize (make large) in order to make the sequence of words lexicographically ordered, or determine that it is impossible. Note that some words can be equal. Input The first line contains two integers n and m (2 ≀ n ≀ 100 000, 1 ≀ m ≀ 100 000) β€” the number of words and the number of letters in Bookland's alphabet, respectively. The letters of Bookland's alphabet are denoted by integers from 1 to m. Each of the next n lines contains a description of one word in format li, si, 1, si, 2, ..., si, li (1 ≀ li ≀ 100 000, 1 ≀ si, j ≀ m), where li is the length of the word, and si, j is the sequence of letters in the word. The words are given in the order Denis has them in the sequence. It is guaranteed that the total length of all words is not greater than 100 000. Output In the first line print "Yes" (without quotes), if it is possible to capitalize some set of letters in such a way that the sequence of words becomes lexicographically ordered. Otherwise, print "No" (without quotes). If the required is possible, in the second line print k β€” the number of letters Denis has to capitalize (make large), and in the third line print k distinct integers β€” these letters. Note that you don't need to minimize the value k. You can print the letters in any order. If there are multiple answers, print any of them. Examples Input 4 3 1 2 1 1 3 1 3 2 2 1 1 Output Yes 2 2 3 Input 6 5 2 1 2 2 1 2 3 1 2 3 2 1 5 2 4 4 2 4 4 Output Yes 0 Input 4 3 4 3 2 2 1 3 1 1 3 3 2 3 3 2 3 1 Output No Note In the first example after Denis makes letters 2 and 3 large, the sequence looks like the following: * 2' * 1 * 1 3' 2' * 1 1 The condition 2' < 1 holds, so the first word is not lexicographically larger than the second word. The second word is the prefix of the third word, so the are in lexicographical order. As the first letters of the third and the fourth words are the same, and 3' < 1, then the third word is not lexicographically larger than the fourth word. In the second example the words are in lexicographical order from the beginning, so Denis can do nothing. In the third example there is no set of letters such that if Denis capitalizes them, the sequence becomes lexicographically ordered.
instruction
0
27,082
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Tags: 2-sat, dfs and similar, graphs, implementation Correct Solution: ``` # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- import math import collections import bisect import heapq import time import random import itertools """ created by shhuan at 2017/10/18 16:22 """ M, N = map(int, input().split()) words = [] for i in range(M): words.append([int(x) for x in input().split()][1:]) # all elements in C should be capitalized C = set() # E[u][v] means if we capitalize u, we must capitalize v E = collections.defaultdict(list) for i in range(M-1): w1 = words[i] w2 = words[i+1] if len(w1) > len(w2) and w1[:len(w2)] == w2: print('No') exit(0) for j in range(min(len(w1), len(w2))): if w1[j] < w2[j]: E[w2[j]].append(w1[j]) break elif w1[j] > w2[j]: C.add(w1[j]) break # add all letters should be capitalized based on E A = {u for u in C} while A: B = set(itertools.chain.from_iterable([E[u] for u in A])) A = B - C C |= B # check for i in range(M-1): w1 = words[i] w2 = words[i+1] for j in range(min(len(w1), len(w2))): a, b = w1[j], w2[j] d = [a in C, b in C] if a < b: if d == [False, True]: print('No') exit(0) break elif a > b: if d != [True, False]: print('No') exit(0) break print('Yes') print(len(C)) if C: print(" ".join(map(str, sorted(C)))) # Made By Mostafa_Khaled ```
output
1
27,082
6
54,165
Provide tags and a correct Python 3 solution for this coding contest problem. You all know that the Library of Bookland is the largest library in the world. There are dozens of thousands of books in the library. Some long and uninteresting story was removed... The alphabet of Bookland is so large that its letters are denoted by positive integers. Each letter can be small or large, the large version of a letter x is denoted by x'. BSCII encoding, which is used everywhere in Bookland, is made in that way so that large letters are presented in the order of the numbers they are denoted by, and small letters are presented in the order of the numbers they are denoted by, but all large letters are before all small letters. For example, the following conditions hold: 2 < 3, 2' < 3', 3' < 2. A word x1, x2, ..., xa is not lexicographically greater than y1, y2, ..., yb if one of the two following conditions holds: * a ≀ b and x1 = y1, ..., xa = ya, i.e. the first word is the prefix of the second word; * there is a position 1 ≀ j ≀ min(a, b), such that x1 = y1, ..., xj - 1 = yj - 1 and xj < yj, i.e. at the first position where the words differ the first word has a smaller letter than the second word has. For example, the word "3' 7 5" is before the word "2 4' 6" in lexicographical order. It is said that sequence of words is in lexicographical order if each word is not lexicographically greater than the next word in the sequence. Denis has a sequence of words consisting of small letters only. He wants to change some letters to large (let's call this process a capitalization) in such a way that the sequence of words is in lexicographical order. However, he soon realized that for some reason he can't change a single letter in a single word. He only can choose a letter and change all of its occurrences in all words to large letters. He can perform this operation any number of times with arbitrary letters of Bookland's alphabet. Help Denis to choose which letters he needs to capitalize (make large) in order to make the sequence of words lexicographically ordered, or determine that it is impossible. Note that some words can be equal. Input The first line contains two integers n and m (2 ≀ n ≀ 100 000, 1 ≀ m ≀ 100 000) β€” the number of words and the number of letters in Bookland's alphabet, respectively. The letters of Bookland's alphabet are denoted by integers from 1 to m. Each of the next n lines contains a description of one word in format li, si, 1, si, 2, ..., si, li (1 ≀ li ≀ 100 000, 1 ≀ si, j ≀ m), where li is the length of the word, and si, j is the sequence of letters in the word. The words are given in the order Denis has them in the sequence. It is guaranteed that the total length of all words is not greater than 100 000. Output In the first line print "Yes" (without quotes), if it is possible to capitalize some set of letters in such a way that the sequence of words becomes lexicographically ordered. Otherwise, print "No" (without quotes). If the required is possible, in the second line print k β€” the number of letters Denis has to capitalize (make large), and in the third line print k distinct integers β€” these letters. Note that you don't need to minimize the value k. You can print the letters in any order. If there are multiple answers, print any of them. Examples Input 4 3 1 2 1 1 3 1 3 2 2 1 1 Output Yes 2 2 3 Input 6 5 2 1 2 2 1 2 3 1 2 3 2 1 5 2 4 4 2 4 4 Output Yes 0 Input 4 3 4 3 2 2 1 3 1 1 3 3 2 3 3 2 3 1 Output No Note In the first example after Denis makes letters 2 and 3 large, the sequence looks like the following: * 2' * 1 * 1 3' 2' * 1 1 The condition 2' < 1 holds, so the first word is not lexicographically larger than the second word. The second word is the prefix of the third word, so the are in lexicographical order. As the first letters of the third and the fourth words are the same, and 3' < 1, then the third word is not lexicographically larger than the fourth word. In the second example the words are in lexicographical order from the beginning, so Denis can do nothing. In the third example there is no set of letters such that if Denis capitalizes them, the sequence becomes lexicographically ordered.
instruction
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Tags: 2-sat, dfs and similar, graphs, implementation Correct Solution: ``` # ---------------------------iye ha aam zindegi--------------------------------------------- import math import random import heapq, bisect import sys from collections import deque, defaultdict from fractions import Fraction import sys import threading from collections import defaultdict threading.stack_size(10**8) mod = 10 ** 9 + 7 mod1 = 998244353 # ------------------------------warmup---------------------------- import os import sys from io import BytesIO, IOBase BUFSIZE = 8192 class FastIO(IOBase): newlines = 0 def __init__(self, file): self._fd = file.fileno() self.buffer = BytesIO() self.writable = "x" in file.mode or "r" not in file.mode self.write = self.buffer.write if self.writable else None def read(self): while True: b = os.read(self._fd, max(os.fstat(self._fd).st_size, BUFSIZE)) if not b: break ptr = self.buffer.tell() self.buffer.seek(0, 2), self.buffer.write(b), self.buffer.seek(ptr) self.newlines = 0 return self.buffer.read() def readline(self): while self.newlines == 0: b = os.read(self._fd, max(os.fstat(self._fd).st_size, BUFSIZE)) self.newlines = b.count(b"\n") + (not b) ptr = self.buffer.tell() self.buffer.seek(0, 2), self.buffer.write(b), self.buffer.seek(ptr) self.newlines -= 1 return self.buffer.readline() def flush(self): if self.writable: os.write(self._fd, self.buffer.getvalue()) self.buffer.truncate(0), self.buffer.seek(0) class IOWrapper(IOBase): def __init__(self, file): self.buffer = FastIO(file) self.flush = self.buffer.flush self.writable = self.buffer.writable self.write = lambda s: self.buffer.write(s.encode("ascii")) self.read = lambda: self.buffer.read().decode("ascii") self.readline = lambda: self.buffer.readline().decode("ascii") sys.stdin, sys.stdout = IOWrapper(sys.stdin), IOWrapper(sys.stdout) input = lambda: sys.stdin.readline().rstrip("\r\n") # -------------------game starts now----------------------------------------------------import math class TreeNode: def __init__(self, k, v): self.key = k self.value = v self.left = None self.right = None self.parent = None self.height = 1 self.num_left = 1 self.num_total = 1 class AvlTree: def __init__(self): self._tree = None def add(self, k, v): if not self._tree: self._tree = TreeNode(k, v) return node = self._add(k, v) if node: self._rebalance(node) def _add(self, k, v): node = self._tree while node: if k < node.key: if node.left: node = node.left else: node.left = TreeNode(k, v) node.left.parent = node return node.left elif node.key < k: if node.right: node = node.right else: node.right = TreeNode(k, v) node.right.parent = node return node.right else: node.value = v return @staticmethod def get_height(x): return x.height if x else 0 @staticmethod def get_num_total(x): return x.num_total if x else 0 def _rebalance(self, node): n = node while n: lh = self.get_height(n.left) rh = self.get_height(n.right) n.height = max(lh, rh) + 1 balance_factor = lh - rh n.num_total = 1 + self.get_num_total(n.left) + self.get_num_total(n.right) n.num_left = 1 + self.get_num_total(n.left) if balance_factor > 1: if self.get_height(n.left.left) < self.get_height(n.left.right): self._rotate_left(n.left) self._rotate_right(n) elif balance_factor < -1: if self.get_height(n.right.right) < self.get_height(n.right.left): self._rotate_right(n.right) self._rotate_left(n) else: n = n.parent def _remove_one(self, node): """ Side effect!!! Changes node. Node should have exactly one child """ replacement = node.left or node.right if node.parent: if AvlTree._is_left(node): node.parent.left = replacement else: node.parent.right = replacement replacement.parent = node.parent node.parent = None else: self._tree = replacement replacement.parent = None node.left = None node.right = None node.parent = None self._rebalance(replacement) def _remove_leaf(self, node): if node.parent: if AvlTree._is_left(node): node.parent.left = None else: node.parent.right = None self._rebalance(node.parent) else: self._tree = None node.parent = None node.left = None node.right = None def remove(self, k): node = self._get_node(k) if not node: return if AvlTree._is_leaf(node): self._remove_leaf(node) return if node.left and node.right: nxt = AvlTree._get_next(node) node.key = nxt.key node.value = nxt.value if self._is_leaf(nxt): self._remove_leaf(nxt) else: self._remove_one(nxt) self._rebalance(node) else: self._remove_one(node) def get(self, k): node = self._get_node(k) return node.value if node else -1 def _get_node(self, k): if not self._tree: return None node = self._tree while node: if k < node.key: node = node.left elif node.key < k: node = node.right else: return node return None def get_at(self, pos): x = pos + 1 node = self._tree while node: if x < node.num_left: node = node.left elif node.num_left < x: x -= node.num_left node = node.right else: return (node.key, node.value) raise IndexError("Out of ranges") @staticmethod def _is_left(node): return node.parent.left and node.parent.left == node @staticmethod def _is_leaf(node): return node.left is None and node.right is None def _rotate_right(self, node): if not node.parent: self._tree = node.left node.left.parent = None elif AvlTree._is_left(node): node.parent.left = node.left node.left.parent = node.parent else: node.parent.right = node.left node.left.parent = node.parent bk = node.left.right node.left.right = node node.parent = node.left node.left = bk if bk: bk.parent = node node.height = max(self.get_height(node.left), self.get_height(node.right)) + 1 node.num_total = 1 + self.get_num_total(node.left) + self.get_num_total(node.right) node.num_left = 1 + self.get_num_total(node.left) def _rotate_left(self, node): if not node.parent: self._tree = node.right node.right.parent = None elif AvlTree._is_left(node): node.parent.left = node.right node.right.parent = node.parent else: node.parent.right = node.right node.right.parent = node.parent bk = node.right.left node.right.left = node node.parent = node.right node.right = bk if bk: bk.parent = node node.height = max(self.get_height(node.left), self.get_height(node.right)) + 1 node.num_total = 1 + self.get_num_total(node.left) + self.get_num_total(node.right) node.num_left = 1 + self.get_num_total(node.left) @staticmethod def _get_next(node): if not node.right: return node.parent n = node.right while n.left: n = n.left return n # -----------------------------------------------binary seacrh tree--------------------------------------- class SegmentTree1: def __init__(self, data, default=2**51, func=lambda a, b: a & b): """initialize the segment tree with data""" self._default = default self._func = func self._len = len(data) self._size = _size = 1 << (self._len - 1).bit_length() self.data = [default] * (2 * _size) self.data[_size:_size + self._len] = data for i in reversed(range(_size)): self.data[i] = func(self.data[i + i], self.data[i + i + 1]) def __delitem__(self, idx): self[idx] = self._default def __getitem__(self, idx): return self.data[idx + self._size] def __setitem__(self, idx, value): idx += self._size self.data[idx] = value idx >>= 1 while idx: self.data[idx] = self._func(self.data[2 * idx], self.data[2 * idx + 1]) idx >>= 1 def __len__(self): return self._len def query(self, start, stop): if start == stop: return self.__getitem__(start) stop += 1 start += self._size stop += self._size res = self._default while start < stop: if start & 1: res = self._func(res, self.data[start]) start += 1 if stop & 1: stop -= 1 res = self._func(res, self.data[stop]) start >>= 1 stop >>= 1 return res def __repr__(self): return "SegmentTree({0})".format(self.data) # -------------------game starts now----------------------------------------------------import math class SegmentTree: def __init__(self, data, default=0, func=lambda a, b: a + b): """initialize the segment tree with data""" self._default = default self._func = func self._len = len(data) self._size = _size = 1 << (self._len - 1).bit_length() self.data = [default] * (2 * _size) self.data[_size:_size + self._len] = data for i in reversed(range(_size)): self.data[i] = func(self.data[i + i], self.data[i + i + 1]) def __delitem__(self, idx): self[idx] = self._default def __getitem__(self, idx): return self.data[idx + self._size] def __setitem__(self, idx, value): idx += self._size self.data[idx] = value idx >>= 1 while idx: self.data[idx] = self._func(self.data[2 * idx], self.data[2 * idx + 1]) idx >>= 1 def __len__(self): return self._len def query(self, start, stop): if start == stop: return self.__getitem__(start) stop += 1 start += self._size stop += self._size res = self._default while start < stop: if start & 1: res = self._func(res, self.data[start]) start += 1 if stop & 1: stop -= 1 res = self._func(res, self.data[stop]) start >>= 1 stop >>= 1 return res def __repr__(self): return "SegmentTree({0})".format(self.data) # -------------------------------iye ha chutiya zindegi------------------------------------- class Factorial: def __init__(self, MOD): self.MOD = MOD self.factorials = [1, 1] self.invModulos = [0, 1] self.invFactorial_ = [1, 1] def calc(self, n): if n <= -1: print("Invalid argument to calculate n!") print("n must be non-negative value. But the argument was " + str(n)) exit() if n < len(self.factorials): return self.factorials[n] nextArr = [0] * (n + 1 - len(self.factorials)) initialI = len(self.factorials) prev = self.factorials[-1] m = self.MOD for i in range(initialI, n + 1): prev = nextArr[i - initialI] = prev * i % m self.factorials += nextArr return self.factorials[n] def inv(self, n): if n <= -1: print("Invalid argument to calculate n^(-1)") print("n must be non-negative value. But the argument was " + str(n)) exit() p = self.MOD pi = n % p if pi < len(self.invModulos): return self.invModulos[pi] nextArr = [0] * (n + 1 - len(self.invModulos)) initialI = len(self.invModulos) for i in range(initialI, min(p, n + 1)): next = -self.invModulos[p % i] * (p // i) % p self.invModulos.append(next) return self.invModulos[pi] def invFactorial(self, n): if n <= -1: print("Invalid argument to calculate (n^(-1))!") print("n must be non-negative value. But the argument was " + str(n)) exit() if n < len(self.invFactorial_): return self.invFactorial_[n] self.inv(n) # To make sure already calculated n^-1 nextArr = [0] * (n + 1 - len(self.invFactorial_)) initialI = len(self.invFactorial_) prev = self.invFactorial_[-1] p = self.MOD for i in range(initialI, n + 1): prev = nextArr[i - initialI] = (prev * self.invModulos[i % p]) % p self.invFactorial_ += nextArr return self.invFactorial_[n] class Combination: def __init__(self, MOD): self.MOD = MOD self.factorial = Factorial(MOD) def ncr(self, n, k): if k < 0 or n < k: return 0 k = min(k, n - k) f = self.factorial return f.calc(n) * f.invFactorial(max(n - k, k)) * f.invFactorial(min(k, n - k)) % self.MOD # --------------------------------------iye ha combinations ka zindegi--------------------------------- def powm(a, n, m): if a == 1 or n == 0: return 1 if n % 2 == 0: s = powm(a, n // 2, m) return s * s % m else: return a * powm(a, n - 1, m) % m # --------------------------------------iye ha power ka zindegi--------------------------------- def sort_list(list1, list2): zipped_pairs = zip(list2, list1) z = [x for _, x in sorted(zipped_pairs)] return z # --------------------------------------------------product---------------------------------------- def product(l): por = 1 for i in range(len(l)): por *= l[i] return por # --------------------------------------------------binary---------------------------------------- def binarySearchCount(arr, n, key): left = 0 right = n - 1 count = 0 while (left <= right): mid = int((right + left) / 2) # Check if middle element is # less than or equal to key if (arr[mid] < key): count = mid + 1 left = mid + 1 # If key is smaller, ignore right half else: right = mid - 1 return count # --------------------------------------------------binary---------------------------------------- def countdig(n): c = 0 while (n > 0): n //= 10 c += 1 return c def binary(x, length): y = bin(x)[2:] return y if len(y) >= length else "0" * (length - len(y)) + y def countGreater(arr, n, k): l = 0 r = n - 1 # Stores the index of the left most element # from the array which is greater than k leftGreater = n # Finds number of elements greater than k while (l <= r): m = int(l + (r - l) / 2) if (arr[m] >= k): leftGreater = m r = m - 1 # If mid element is less than # or equal to k update l else: l = m + 1 # Return the count of elements # greater than k return (n - leftGreater) # --------------------------------------------------binary------------------------------------ n,m=map(int,input().split()) l=[] for i in range(n): l.append(list(map(int,input().split()))) c=[0]*(m+1) ans=[] f=0 graph=defaultdict(list) for i in range(n-1): for j in range(1,int(l[i][0])+1): if j==int(l[i+1][0]) and int(l[i+1][0])<int(l[i][0]): if c[l[i+1][j]]>c[l[i][j]]: if c[l[i][j]] == 0: c[l[i][j]] = 1 break else: f = 1 break if l[i][j] >=l[i + 1][j] and c[l[i][j]] <= c[l[i + 1][j]]: if c[l[i][j]] == 0: c[l[i][j]] = 1 break else: f = 1 break else: graph[l[i + 1][j]].append(l[i][j]) break elif c[l[i+1][j]]>c[l[i][j]]: if c[l[i][j]] == 0: c[l[i][j]] = 1 break else: f = 1 break elif l[i][j]>l[i+1][j] and c[l[i][j]]<=c[l[i+1][j]]: if c[l[i][j]]==0: c[l[i][j]]=1 break else: f=1 break elif l[i][j]<l[i+1][j] or c[l[i][j]]>c[l[i+1][j]]: graph[l[i+1][j]].append(l[i][j]) break if f==1: break if f==1: print("No") sys.exit(0) f=0 visited=[False]*(m+1) def dfs(v,t): stack=[] stack.append((v,t)) while(len(stack)>0): v,t=stack.pop() c[v] = max(t, c[v]) visited[v] = True for i in graph[v]: c[i]=max(c[i],c[v]) if visited[i]==False: stack.append((i,c[v])) for i in range(1,m+1): if visited[i]==False and c[i]==1: dfs(i,c[i]) for i in range(1,m+1): if c[i]==1: ans.append(i) for i in range(n-1): for j in range(1,int(l[i][0])+1): if j == int(l[i + 1][0]) and int(l[i+1][0])<int(l[i][0]): if c[l[i+1][j]]>c[l[i][j]]: f=1 break if l[i][j] >=l[i + 1][j] and c[l[i][j]] <= c[l[i + 1][j]]: f=1 break else: break if c[l[i + 1][j]] > c[l[i][j]]: f = 1 break elif l[i][j]>l[i+1][j] and c[l[i][j]]<=c[l[i+1][j]]: f=1 break elif l[i][j] < l[i + 1][j] or c[l[i][j]]>c[l[i+1][j]]: break if f==1: print("No") else: print("Yes") print(len(ans)) print(*ans) ```
output
1
27,083
6
54,167
Evaluate the correctness of the submitted Python 3 solution to the coding contest problem. Provide a "Yes" or "No" response. You all know that the Library of Bookland is the largest library in the world. There are dozens of thousands of books in the library. Some long and uninteresting story was removed... The alphabet of Bookland is so large that its letters are denoted by positive integers. Each letter can be small or large, the large version of a letter x is denoted by x'. BSCII encoding, which is used everywhere in Bookland, is made in that way so that large letters are presented in the order of the numbers they are denoted by, and small letters are presented in the order of the numbers they are denoted by, but all large letters are before all small letters. For example, the following conditions hold: 2 < 3, 2' < 3', 3' < 2. A word x1, x2, ..., xa is not lexicographically greater than y1, y2, ..., yb if one of the two following conditions holds: * a ≀ b and x1 = y1, ..., xa = ya, i.e. the first word is the prefix of the second word; * there is a position 1 ≀ j ≀ min(a, b), such that x1 = y1, ..., xj - 1 = yj - 1 and xj < yj, i.e. at the first position where the words differ the first word has a smaller letter than the second word has. For example, the word "3' 7 5" is before the word "2 4' 6" in lexicographical order. It is said that sequence of words is in lexicographical order if each word is not lexicographically greater than the next word in the sequence. Denis has a sequence of words consisting of small letters only. He wants to change some letters to large (let's call this process a capitalization) in such a way that the sequence of words is in lexicographical order. However, he soon realized that for some reason he can't change a single letter in a single word. He only can choose a letter and change all of its occurrences in all words to large letters. He can perform this operation any number of times with arbitrary letters of Bookland's alphabet. Help Denis to choose which letters he needs to capitalize (make large) in order to make the sequence of words lexicographically ordered, or determine that it is impossible. Note that some words can be equal. Input The first line contains two integers n and m (2 ≀ n ≀ 100 000, 1 ≀ m ≀ 100 000) β€” the number of words and the number of letters in Bookland's alphabet, respectively. The letters of Bookland's alphabet are denoted by integers from 1 to m. Each of the next n lines contains a description of one word in format li, si, 1, si, 2, ..., si, li (1 ≀ li ≀ 100 000, 1 ≀ si, j ≀ m), where li is the length of the word, and si, j is the sequence of letters in the word. The words are given in the order Denis has them in the sequence. It is guaranteed that the total length of all words is not greater than 100 000. Output In the first line print "Yes" (without quotes), if it is possible to capitalize some set of letters in such a way that the sequence of words becomes lexicographically ordered. Otherwise, print "No" (without quotes). If the required is possible, in the second line print k β€” the number of letters Denis has to capitalize (make large), and in the third line print k distinct integers β€” these letters. Note that you don't need to minimize the value k. You can print the letters in any order. If there are multiple answers, print any of them. Examples Input 4 3 1 2 1 1 3 1 3 2 2 1 1 Output Yes 2 2 3 Input 6 5 2 1 2 2 1 2 3 1 2 3 2 1 5 2 4 4 2 4 4 Output Yes 0 Input 4 3 4 3 2 2 1 3 1 1 3 3 2 3 3 2 3 1 Output No Note In the first example after Denis makes letters 2 and 3 large, the sequence looks like the following: * 2' * 1 * 1 3' 2' * 1 1 The condition 2' < 1 holds, so the first word is not lexicographically larger than the second word. The second word is the prefix of the third word, so the are in lexicographical order. As the first letters of the third and the fourth words are the same, and 3' < 1, then the third word is not lexicographically larger than the fourth word. In the second example the words are in lexicographical order from the beginning, so Denis can do nothing. In the third example there is no set of letters such that if Denis capitalizes them, the sequence becomes lexicographically ordered. Submitted Solution: ``` # ---------------------------iye ha aam zindegi--------------------------------------------- import math import random import heapq, bisect import sys from collections import deque, defaultdict from fractions import Fraction import sys import threading from collections import defaultdict threading.stack_size(10**8) mod = 10 ** 9 + 7 mod1 = 998244353 # ------------------------------warmup---------------------------- import os import sys from io import BytesIO, IOBase BUFSIZE = 8192 class FastIO(IOBase): newlines = 0 def __init__(self, file): self._fd = file.fileno() self.buffer = BytesIO() self.writable = "x" in file.mode or "r" not in file.mode self.write = self.buffer.write if self.writable else None def read(self): while True: b = os.read(self._fd, max(os.fstat(self._fd).st_size, BUFSIZE)) if not b: break ptr = self.buffer.tell() self.buffer.seek(0, 2), self.buffer.write(b), self.buffer.seek(ptr) self.newlines = 0 return self.buffer.read() def readline(self): while self.newlines == 0: b = os.read(self._fd, max(os.fstat(self._fd).st_size, BUFSIZE)) self.newlines = b.count(b"\n") + (not b) ptr = self.buffer.tell() self.buffer.seek(0, 2), self.buffer.write(b), self.buffer.seek(ptr) self.newlines -= 1 return self.buffer.readline() def flush(self): if self.writable: os.write(self._fd, self.buffer.getvalue()) self.buffer.truncate(0), self.buffer.seek(0) class IOWrapper(IOBase): def __init__(self, file): self.buffer = FastIO(file) self.flush = self.buffer.flush self.writable = self.buffer.writable self.write = lambda s: self.buffer.write(s.encode("ascii")) self.read = lambda: self.buffer.read().decode("ascii") self.readline = lambda: self.buffer.readline().decode("ascii") sys.stdin, sys.stdout = IOWrapper(sys.stdin), IOWrapper(sys.stdout) input = lambda: sys.stdin.readline().rstrip("\r\n") # -------------------game starts now----------------------------------------------------import math class TreeNode: def __init__(self, k, v): self.key = k self.value = v self.left = None self.right = None self.parent = None self.height = 1 self.num_left = 1 self.num_total = 1 class AvlTree: def __init__(self): self._tree = None def add(self, k, v): if not self._tree: self._tree = TreeNode(k, v) return node = self._add(k, v) if node: self._rebalance(node) def _add(self, k, v): node = self._tree while node: if k < node.key: if node.left: node = node.left else: node.left = TreeNode(k, v) node.left.parent = node return node.left elif node.key < k: if node.right: node = node.right else: node.right = TreeNode(k, v) node.right.parent = node return node.right else: node.value = v return @staticmethod def get_height(x): return x.height if x else 0 @staticmethod def get_num_total(x): return x.num_total if x else 0 def _rebalance(self, node): n = node while n: lh = self.get_height(n.left) rh = self.get_height(n.right) n.height = max(lh, rh) + 1 balance_factor = lh - rh n.num_total = 1 + self.get_num_total(n.left) + self.get_num_total(n.right) n.num_left = 1 + self.get_num_total(n.left) if balance_factor > 1: if self.get_height(n.left.left) < self.get_height(n.left.right): self._rotate_left(n.left) self._rotate_right(n) elif balance_factor < -1: if self.get_height(n.right.right) < self.get_height(n.right.left): self._rotate_right(n.right) self._rotate_left(n) else: n = n.parent def _remove_one(self, node): """ Side effect!!! Changes node. Node should have exactly one child """ replacement = node.left or node.right if node.parent: if AvlTree._is_left(node): node.parent.left = replacement else: node.parent.right = replacement replacement.parent = node.parent node.parent = None else: self._tree = replacement replacement.parent = None node.left = None node.right = None node.parent = None self._rebalance(replacement) def _remove_leaf(self, node): if node.parent: if AvlTree._is_left(node): node.parent.left = None else: node.parent.right = None self._rebalance(node.parent) else: self._tree = None node.parent = None node.left = None node.right = None def remove(self, k): node = self._get_node(k) if not node: return if AvlTree._is_leaf(node): self._remove_leaf(node) return if node.left and node.right: nxt = AvlTree._get_next(node) node.key = nxt.key node.value = nxt.value if self._is_leaf(nxt): self._remove_leaf(nxt) else: self._remove_one(nxt) self._rebalance(node) else: self._remove_one(node) def get(self, k): node = self._get_node(k) return node.value if node else -1 def _get_node(self, k): if not self._tree: return None node = self._tree while node: if k < node.key: node = node.left elif node.key < k: node = node.right else: return node return None def get_at(self, pos): x = pos + 1 node = self._tree while node: if x < node.num_left: node = node.left elif node.num_left < x: x -= node.num_left node = node.right else: return (node.key, node.value) raise IndexError("Out of ranges") @staticmethod def _is_left(node): return node.parent.left and node.parent.left == node @staticmethod def _is_leaf(node): return node.left is None and node.right is None def _rotate_right(self, node): if not node.parent: self._tree = node.left node.left.parent = None elif AvlTree._is_left(node): node.parent.left = node.left node.left.parent = node.parent else: node.parent.right = node.left node.left.parent = node.parent bk = node.left.right node.left.right = node node.parent = node.left node.left = bk if bk: bk.parent = node node.height = max(self.get_height(node.left), self.get_height(node.right)) + 1 node.num_total = 1 + self.get_num_total(node.left) + self.get_num_total(node.right) node.num_left = 1 + self.get_num_total(node.left) def _rotate_left(self, node): if not node.parent: self._tree = node.right node.right.parent = None elif AvlTree._is_left(node): node.parent.left = node.right node.right.parent = node.parent else: node.parent.right = node.right node.right.parent = node.parent bk = node.right.left node.right.left = node node.parent = node.right node.right = bk if bk: bk.parent = node node.height = max(self.get_height(node.left), self.get_height(node.right)) + 1 node.num_total = 1 + self.get_num_total(node.left) + self.get_num_total(node.right) node.num_left = 1 + self.get_num_total(node.left) @staticmethod def _get_next(node): if not node.right: return node.parent n = node.right while n.left: n = n.left return n # -----------------------------------------------binary seacrh tree--------------------------------------- class SegmentTree1: def __init__(self, data, default=2**51, func=lambda a, b: a & b): """initialize the segment tree with data""" self._default = default self._func = func self._len = len(data) self._size = _size = 1 << (self._len - 1).bit_length() self.data = [default] * (2 * _size) self.data[_size:_size + self._len] = data for i in reversed(range(_size)): self.data[i] = func(self.data[i + i], self.data[i + i + 1]) def __delitem__(self, idx): self[idx] = self._default def __getitem__(self, idx): return self.data[idx + self._size] def __setitem__(self, idx, value): idx += self._size self.data[idx] = value idx >>= 1 while idx: self.data[idx] = self._func(self.data[2 * idx], self.data[2 * idx + 1]) idx >>= 1 def __len__(self): return self._len def query(self, start, stop): if start == stop: return self.__getitem__(start) stop += 1 start += self._size stop += self._size res = self._default while start < stop: if start & 1: res = self._func(res, self.data[start]) start += 1 if stop & 1: stop -= 1 res = self._func(res, self.data[stop]) start >>= 1 stop >>= 1 return res def __repr__(self): return "SegmentTree({0})".format(self.data) # -------------------game starts now----------------------------------------------------import math class SegmentTree: def __init__(self, data, default=0, func=lambda a, b: a + b): """initialize the segment tree with data""" self._default = default self._func = func self._len = len(data) self._size = _size = 1 << (self._len - 1).bit_length() self.data = [default] * (2 * _size) self.data[_size:_size + self._len] = data for i in reversed(range(_size)): self.data[i] = func(self.data[i + i], self.data[i + i + 1]) def __delitem__(self, idx): self[idx] = self._default def __getitem__(self, idx): return self.data[idx + self._size] def __setitem__(self, idx, value): idx += self._size self.data[idx] = value idx >>= 1 while idx: self.data[idx] = self._func(self.data[2 * idx], self.data[2 * idx + 1]) idx >>= 1 def __len__(self): return self._len def query(self, start, stop): if start == stop: return self.__getitem__(start) stop += 1 start += self._size stop += self._size res = self._default while start < stop: if start & 1: res = self._func(res, self.data[start]) start += 1 if stop & 1: stop -= 1 res = self._func(res, self.data[stop]) start >>= 1 stop >>= 1 return res def __repr__(self): return "SegmentTree({0})".format(self.data) # -------------------------------iye ha chutiya zindegi------------------------------------- class Factorial: def __init__(self, MOD): self.MOD = MOD self.factorials = [1, 1] self.invModulos = [0, 1] self.invFactorial_ = [1, 1] def calc(self, n): if n <= -1: print("Invalid argument to calculate n!") print("n must be non-negative value. But the argument was " + str(n)) exit() if n < len(self.factorials): return self.factorials[n] nextArr = [0] * (n + 1 - len(self.factorials)) initialI = len(self.factorials) prev = self.factorials[-1] m = self.MOD for i in range(initialI, n + 1): prev = nextArr[i - initialI] = prev * i % m self.factorials += nextArr return self.factorials[n] def inv(self, n): if n <= -1: print("Invalid argument to calculate n^(-1)") print("n must be non-negative value. But the argument was " + str(n)) exit() p = self.MOD pi = n % p if pi < len(self.invModulos): return self.invModulos[pi] nextArr = [0] * (n + 1 - len(self.invModulos)) initialI = len(self.invModulos) for i in range(initialI, min(p, n + 1)): next = -self.invModulos[p % i] * (p // i) % p self.invModulos.append(next) return self.invModulos[pi] def invFactorial(self, n): if n <= -1: print("Invalid argument to calculate (n^(-1))!") print("n must be non-negative value. But the argument was " + str(n)) exit() if n < len(self.invFactorial_): return self.invFactorial_[n] self.inv(n) # To make sure already calculated n^-1 nextArr = [0] * (n + 1 - len(self.invFactorial_)) initialI = len(self.invFactorial_) prev = self.invFactorial_[-1] p = self.MOD for i in range(initialI, n + 1): prev = nextArr[i - initialI] = (prev * self.invModulos[i % p]) % p self.invFactorial_ += nextArr return self.invFactorial_[n] class Combination: def __init__(self, MOD): self.MOD = MOD self.factorial = Factorial(MOD) def ncr(self, n, k): if k < 0 or n < k: return 0 k = min(k, n - k) f = self.factorial return f.calc(n) * f.invFactorial(max(n - k, k)) * f.invFactorial(min(k, n - k)) % self.MOD # --------------------------------------iye ha combinations ka zindegi--------------------------------- def powm(a, n, m): if a == 1 or n == 0: return 1 if n % 2 == 0: s = powm(a, n // 2, m) return s * s % m else: return a * powm(a, n - 1, m) % m # --------------------------------------iye ha power ka zindegi--------------------------------- def sort_list(list1, list2): zipped_pairs = zip(list2, list1) z = [x for _, x in sorted(zipped_pairs)] return z # --------------------------------------------------product---------------------------------------- def product(l): por = 1 for i in range(len(l)): por *= l[i] return por # --------------------------------------------------binary---------------------------------------- def binarySearchCount(arr, n, key): left = 0 right = n - 1 count = 0 while (left <= right): mid = int((right + left) / 2) # Check if middle element is # less than or equal to key if (arr[mid] < key): count = mid + 1 left = mid + 1 # If key is smaller, ignore right half else: right = mid - 1 return count # --------------------------------------------------binary---------------------------------------- def countdig(n): c = 0 while (n > 0): n //= 10 c += 1 return c def binary(x, length): y = bin(x)[2:] return y if len(y) >= length else "0" * (length - len(y)) + y def countGreater(arr, n, k): l = 0 r = n - 1 # Stores the index of the left most element # from the array which is greater than k leftGreater = n # Finds number of elements greater than k while (l <= r): m = int(l + (r - l) / 2) if (arr[m] >= k): leftGreater = m r = m - 1 # If mid element is less than # or equal to k update l else: l = m + 1 # Return the count of elements # greater than k return (n - leftGreater) # --------------------------------------------------binary------------------------------------ n,m=map(int,input().split()) l=[] for i in range(n): l.append(list(map(int,input().split()))) c=[0]*(m+1) ans=[] f=0 graph=defaultdict(list) for i in range(n-1): for j in range(1,int(l[i][0])+1): if j==int(l[i+1][0]) and int(l[i+1][0])<int(l[i][0]): if c[l[i+1][j]]>c[l[i][j]]: if c[l[i][j]] == 0: c[l[i][j]] = 1 break else: f = 1 break if l[i][j] >=l[i + 1][j] and c[l[i][j]] <= c[l[i + 1][j]]: if c[l[i][j]] == 0: c[l[i][j]] = 1 break else: f = 1 break else: graph[l[i + 1][j]].append(l[i][j]) break elif c[l[i+1][j]]>c[l[i][j]]: if c[l[i][j]] == 0: c[l[i][j]] = 1 break else: f = 1 break elif l[i][j]>l[i+1][j] and c[l[i][j]]<=c[l[i+1][j]]: if c[l[i][j]]==0: c[l[i][j]]=1 break else: f=1 break elif l[i][j]<l[i+1][j] or c[l[i][j]]>c[l[i+1][j]]: graph[l[i+1][j]].append(l[i][j]) break if f==1: break if f==1: print("No") sys.exit(0) f=0 visited=[False]*(m+1) def dfs(v,t): stack=[] stack.append((v,t)) while(len(stack)>0): v,t=stack.pop() c[v] = max(t, c[v]) visited[v] = True for i in graph[v]: c[i]=max(c[i],c[v]) if visited[i]==False: stack.append((i,c[v])) for i in range(1,m+1): if visited[i]==False and c[i]==1: dfs(i,c[i]) for i in range(1,m+1): if c[i]==1: ans.append(i) for i in range(n-1): for j in range(1,int(l[i][0])+1): if j == int(l[i + 1][0]): if l[i][j] > l[i + 1][j] and c[l[i][j]] <= c[l[i + 1][j]]: f=1 break else: break if c[l[i + 1][j]] > c[l[i][j]]: f = 1 break elif l[i][j]>l[i+1][j] and c[l[i][j]]<=c[l[i+1][j]]: f=1 break elif l[i][j] < l[i + 1][j] or c[l[i][j]]>c[l[i+1][j]]: break if f==1: print("No") else: print("Yes") print(len(ans)) print(*ans) ```
instruction
0
27,084
6
54,168
No
output
1
27,084
6
54,169
Evaluate the correctness of the submitted Python 3 solution to the coding contest problem. Provide a "Yes" or "No" response. You all know that the Library of Bookland is the largest library in the world. There are dozens of thousands of books in the library. Some long and uninteresting story was removed... The alphabet of Bookland is so large that its letters are denoted by positive integers. Each letter can be small or large, the large version of a letter x is denoted by x'. BSCII encoding, which is used everywhere in Bookland, is made in that way so that large letters are presented in the order of the numbers they are denoted by, and small letters are presented in the order of the numbers they are denoted by, but all large letters are before all small letters. For example, the following conditions hold: 2 < 3, 2' < 3', 3' < 2. A word x1, x2, ..., xa is not lexicographically greater than y1, y2, ..., yb if one of the two following conditions holds: * a ≀ b and x1 = y1, ..., xa = ya, i.e. the first word is the prefix of the second word; * there is a position 1 ≀ j ≀ min(a, b), such that x1 = y1, ..., xj - 1 = yj - 1 and xj < yj, i.e. at the first position where the words differ the first word has a smaller letter than the second word has. For example, the word "3' 7 5" is before the word "2 4' 6" in lexicographical order. It is said that sequence of words is in lexicographical order if each word is not lexicographically greater than the next word in the sequence. Denis has a sequence of words consisting of small letters only. He wants to change some letters to large (let's call this process a capitalization) in such a way that the sequence of words is in lexicographical order. However, he soon realized that for some reason he can't change a single letter in a single word. He only can choose a letter and change all of its occurrences in all words to large letters. He can perform this operation any number of times with arbitrary letters of Bookland's alphabet. Help Denis to choose which letters he needs to capitalize (make large) in order to make the sequence of words lexicographically ordered, or determine that it is impossible. Note that some words can be equal. Input The first line contains two integers n and m (2 ≀ n ≀ 100 000, 1 ≀ m ≀ 100 000) β€” the number of words and the number of letters in Bookland's alphabet, respectively. The letters of Bookland's alphabet are denoted by integers from 1 to m. Each of the next n lines contains a description of one word in format li, si, 1, si, 2, ..., si, li (1 ≀ li ≀ 100 000, 1 ≀ si, j ≀ m), where li is the length of the word, and si, j is the sequence of letters in the word. The words are given in the order Denis has them in the sequence. It is guaranteed that the total length of all words is not greater than 100 000. Output In the first line print "Yes" (without quotes), if it is possible to capitalize some set of letters in such a way that the sequence of words becomes lexicographically ordered. Otherwise, print "No" (without quotes). If the required is possible, in the second line print k β€” the number of letters Denis has to capitalize (make large), and in the third line print k distinct integers β€” these letters. Note that you don't need to minimize the value k. You can print the letters in any order. If there are multiple answers, print any of them. Examples Input 4 3 1 2 1 1 3 1 3 2 2 1 1 Output Yes 2 2 3 Input 6 5 2 1 2 2 1 2 3 1 2 3 2 1 5 2 4 4 2 4 4 Output Yes 0 Input 4 3 4 3 2 2 1 3 1 1 3 3 2 3 3 2 3 1 Output No Note In the first example after Denis makes letters 2 and 3 large, the sequence looks like the following: * 2' * 1 * 1 3' 2' * 1 1 The condition 2' < 1 holds, so the first word is not lexicographically larger than the second word. The second word is the prefix of the third word, so the are in lexicographical order. As the first letters of the third and the fourth words are the same, and 3' < 1, then the third word is not lexicographically larger than the fourth word. In the second example the words are in lexicographical order from the beginning, so Denis can do nothing. In the third example there is no set of letters such that if Denis capitalizes them, the sequence becomes lexicographically ordered. Submitted Solution: ``` from collections import defaultdict, deque def main(): n,m = map(int, input().split()) cap = [None]*(m+1) same_cap = defaultdict(list) q = deque() def apply_cap(a, c): if cap[a] is not None: return cap[a] == c q.append(a) while q: b = q.pop() if cap[b] is None: cap[b] = c q.extend(same_cap[b]) same_cap[b] = [] elif cap[b]!=c: return False return True def same(a,b): if cap[a] is None and cap[b] is None: same_cap[b].append(a) return True elif cap[a] is None: apply_cap(b, cap[a]) cap[a] = cap[b] return True elif cap[b] is None: apply_cap(a, cap[b]) cap[b] = cap[a] return True else: return cap[a] == cap[b] def process(p,c): lp = p[0] lc = c[0] for i in range(1, min(lp,lc)+1): if p[i]>c[i]: return apply_cap(p[i], True) and apply_cap(c[i], False) if p[i]<c[i]: return same(p[i], c[i]) return lp<=lc p = list(map(int, input().split())) for i in range(n-1): c = list(map(int, input().split())) if not process(p, c): print ('No') break p = c else: print ('Yes') res = [] for i,b in enumerate(cap): if b: res.append(i) print(len(res)) print(' '.join(map(str,res))) main() ```
instruction
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No
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Evaluate the correctness of the submitted Python 3 solution to the coding contest problem. Provide a "Yes" or "No" response. You all know that the Library of Bookland is the largest library in the world. There are dozens of thousands of books in the library. Some long and uninteresting story was removed... The alphabet of Bookland is so large that its letters are denoted by positive integers. Each letter can be small or large, the large version of a letter x is denoted by x'. BSCII encoding, which is used everywhere in Bookland, is made in that way so that large letters are presented in the order of the numbers they are denoted by, and small letters are presented in the order of the numbers they are denoted by, but all large letters are before all small letters. For example, the following conditions hold: 2 < 3, 2' < 3', 3' < 2. A word x1, x2, ..., xa is not lexicographically greater than y1, y2, ..., yb if one of the two following conditions holds: * a ≀ b and x1 = y1, ..., xa = ya, i.e. the first word is the prefix of the second word; * there is a position 1 ≀ j ≀ min(a, b), such that x1 = y1, ..., xj - 1 = yj - 1 and xj < yj, i.e. at the first position where the words differ the first word has a smaller letter than the second word has. For example, the word "3' 7 5" is before the word "2 4' 6" in lexicographical order. It is said that sequence of words is in lexicographical order if each word is not lexicographically greater than the next word in the sequence. Denis has a sequence of words consisting of small letters only. He wants to change some letters to large (let's call this process a capitalization) in such a way that the sequence of words is in lexicographical order. However, he soon realized that for some reason he can't change a single letter in a single word. He only can choose a letter and change all of its occurrences in all words to large letters. He can perform this operation any number of times with arbitrary letters of Bookland's alphabet. Help Denis to choose which letters he needs to capitalize (make large) in order to make the sequence of words lexicographically ordered, or determine that it is impossible. Note that some words can be equal. Input The first line contains two integers n and m (2 ≀ n ≀ 100 000, 1 ≀ m ≀ 100 000) β€” the number of words and the number of letters in Bookland's alphabet, respectively. The letters of Bookland's alphabet are denoted by integers from 1 to m. Each of the next n lines contains a description of one word in format li, si, 1, si, 2, ..., si, li (1 ≀ li ≀ 100 000, 1 ≀ si, j ≀ m), where li is the length of the word, and si, j is the sequence of letters in the word. The words are given in the order Denis has them in the sequence. It is guaranteed that the total length of all words is not greater than 100 000. Output In the first line print "Yes" (without quotes), if it is possible to capitalize some set of letters in such a way that the sequence of words becomes lexicographically ordered. Otherwise, print "No" (without quotes). If the required is possible, in the second line print k β€” the number of letters Denis has to capitalize (make large), and in the third line print k distinct integers β€” these letters. Note that you don't need to minimize the value k. You can print the letters in any order. If there are multiple answers, print any of them. Examples Input 4 3 1 2 1 1 3 1 3 2 2 1 1 Output Yes 2 2 3 Input 6 5 2 1 2 2 1 2 3 1 2 3 2 1 5 2 4 4 2 4 4 Output Yes 0 Input 4 3 4 3 2 2 1 3 1 1 3 3 2 3 3 2 3 1 Output No Note In the first example after Denis makes letters 2 and 3 large, the sequence looks like the following: * 2' * 1 * 1 3' 2' * 1 1 The condition 2' < 1 holds, so the first word is not lexicographically larger than the second word. The second word is the prefix of the third word, so the are in lexicographical order. As the first letters of the third and the fourth words are the same, and 3' < 1, then the third word is not lexicographically larger than the fourth word. In the second example the words are in lexicographical order from the beginning, so Denis can do nothing. In the third example there is no set of letters such that if Denis capitalizes them, the sequence becomes lexicographically ordered. Submitted Solution: ``` from collections import defaultdict, deque def main(): n,m = map(int, input().split()) cap = [None]*(m+1) same_cap = defaultdict(list) q = deque() def apply_cap(a, c): if cap[a] is not None: return cap[a] == c q.append(a) while q: b = q.pop() if cap[b] is None: cap[b] = c q.extend(same_cap[b]) same_cap[b] = [] elif cap[b]!=c: return False return True def same(a,b): if cap[a] is None and cap[b] is None: same_cap[a].append(b) same_cap[b].append(a) return True elif cap[a] is None: apply_cap(b, cap[a]) cap[a] = cap[b] return True elif cap[b] is None: apply_cap(a, cap[b]) cap[b] = cap[a] return True else: return cap[a] == cap[b] def process(p,c): lp = p[0] lc = c[0] for i in range(1, min(lp,lc)+1): if p[i]>c[i]: return apply_cap(p[i], True) and apply_cap(c[i], False) if p[i]<c[i]: return same(p[i], c[i]) return lp<=lc p = list(map(int, input().split())) for i in range(n-1): c = list(map(int, input().split())) if not process(p, c): print ('No') break p = c else: print ('Yes') res = [] for i,b in enumerate(cap): if b: res.append(i) print(len(res)) print(' '.join(map(str,res))) main() ```
instruction
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No
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Evaluate the correctness of the submitted Python 3 solution to the coding contest problem. Provide a "Yes" or "No" response. You all know that the Library of Bookland is the largest library in the world. There are dozens of thousands of books in the library. Some long and uninteresting story was removed... The alphabet of Bookland is so large that its letters are denoted by positive integers. Each letter can be small or large, the large version of a letter x is denoted by x'. BSCII encoding, which is used everywhere in Bookland, is made in that way so that large letters are presented in the order of the numbers they are denoted by, and small letters are presented in the order of the numbers they are denoted by, but all large letters are before all small letters. For example, the following conditions hold: 2 < 3, 2' < 3', 3' < 2. A word x1, x2, ..., xa is not lexicographically greater than y1, y2, ..., yb if one of the two following conditions holds: * a ≀ b and x1 = y1, ..., xa = ya, i.e. the first word is the prefix of the second word; * there is a position 1 ≀ j ≀ min(a, b), such that x1 = y1, ..., xj - 1 = yj - 1 and xj < yj, i.e. at the first position where the words differ the first word has a smaller letter than the second word has. For example, the word "3' 7 5" is before the word "2 4' 6" in lexicographical order. It is said that sequence of words is in lexicographical order if each word is not lexicographically greater than the next word in the sequence. Denis has a sequence of words consisting of small letters only. He wants to change some letters to large (let's call this process a capitalization) in such a way that the sequence of words is in lexicographical order. However, he soon realized that for some reason he can't change a single letter in a single word. He only can choose a letter and change all of its occurrences in all words to large letters. He can perform this operation any number of times with arbitrary letters of Bookland's alphabet. Help Denis to choose which letters he needs to capitalize (make large) in order to make the sequence of words lexicographically ordered, or determine that it is impossible. Note that some words can be equal. Input The first line contains two integers n and m (2 ≀ n ≀ 100 000, 1 ≀ m ≀ 100 000) β€” the number of words and the number of letters in Bookland's alphabet, respectively. The letters of Bookland's alphabet are denoted by integers from 1 to m. Each of the next n lines contains a description of one word in format li, si, 1, si, 2, ..., si, li (1 ≀ li ≀ 100 000, 1 ≀ si, j ≀ m), where li is the length of the word, and si, j is the sequence of letters in the word. The words are given in the order Denis has them in the sequence. It is guaranteed that the total length of all words is not greater than 100 000. Output In the first line print "Yes" (without quotes), if it is possible to capitalize some set of letters in such a way that the sequence of words becomes lexicographically ordered. Otherwise, print "No" (without quotes). If the required is possible, in the second line print k β€” the number of letters Denis has to capitalize (make large), and in the third line print k distinct integers β€” these letters. Note that you don't need to minimize the value k. You can print the letters in any order. If there are multiple answers, print any of them. Examples Input 4 3 1 2 1 1 3 1 3 2 2 1 1 Output Yes 2 2 3 Input 6 5 2 1 2 2 1 2 3 1 2 3 2 1 5 2 4 4 2 4 4 Output Yes 0 Input 4 3 4 3 2 2 1 3 1 1 3 3 2 3 3 2 3 1 Output No Note In the first example after Denis makes letters 2 and 3 large, the sequence looks like the following: * 2' * 1 * 1 3' 2' * 1 1 The condition 2' < 1 holds, so the first word is not lexicographically larger than the second word. The second word is the prefix of the third word, so the are in lexicographical order. As the first letters of the third and the fourth words are the same, and 3' < 1, then the third word is not lexicographically larger than the fourth word. In the second example the words are in lexicographical order from the beginning, so Denis can do nothing. In the third example there is no set of letters such that if Denis capitalizes them, the sequence becomes lexicographically ordered. Submitted Solution: ``` # ---------------------------iye ha aam zindegi--------------------------------------------- import math import random import heapq, bisect import sys from collections import deque, defaultdict from fractions import Fraction import sys import threading from collections import defaultdict threading.stack_size(10**8) mod = 10 ** 9 + 7 mod1 = 998244353 # ------------------------------warmup---------------------------- import os import sys from io import BytesIO, IOBase BUFSIZE = 8192 class FastIO(IOBase): newlines = 0 def __init__(self, file): self._fd = file.fileno() self.buffer = BytesIO() self.writable = "x" in file.mode or "r" not in file.mode self.write = self.buffer.write if self.writable else None def read(self): while True: b = os.read(self._fd, max(os.fstat(self._fd).st_size, BUFSIZE)) if not b: break ptr = self.buffer.tell() self.buffer.seek(0, 2), self.buffer.write(b), self.buffer.seek(ptr) self.newlines = 0 return self.buffer.read() def readline(self): while self.newlines == 0: b = os.read(self._fd, max(os.fstat(self._fd).st_size, BUFSIZE)) self.newlines = b.count(b"\n") + (not b) ptr = self.buffer.tell() self.buffer.seek(0, 2), self.buffer.write(b), self.buffer.seek(ptr) self.newlines -= 1 return self.buffer.readline() def flush(self): if self.writable: os.write(self._fd, self.buffer.getvalue()) self.buffer.truncate(0), self.buffer.seek(0) class IOWrapper(IOBase): def __init__(self, file): self.buffer = FastIO(file) self.flush = self.buffer.flush self.writable = self.buffer.writable self.write = lambda s: self.buffer.write(s.encode("ascii")) self.read = lambda: self.buffer.read().decode("ascii") self.readline = lambda: self.buffer.readline().decode("ascii") sys.stdin, sys.stdout = IOWrapper(sys.stdin), IOWrapper(sys.stdout) input = lambda: sys.stdin.readline().rstrip("\r\n") # -------------------game starts now----------------------------------------------------import math class TreeNode: def __init__(self, k, v): self.key = k self.value = v self.left = None self.right = None self.parent = None self.height = 1 self.num_left = 1 self.num_total = 1 class AvlTree: def __init__(self): self._tree = None def add(self, k, v): if not self._tree: self._tree = TreeNode(k, v) return node = self._add(k, v) if node: self._rebalance(node) def _add(self, k, v): node = self._tree while node: if k < node.key: if node.left: node = node.left else: node.left = TreeNode(k, v) node.left.parent = node return node.left elif node.key < k: if node.right: node = node.right else: node.right = TreeNode(k, v) node.right.parent = node return node.right else: node.value = v return @staticmethod def get_height(x): return x.height if x else 0 @staticmethod def get_num_total(x): return x.num_total if x else 0 def _rebalance(self, node): n = node while n: lh = self.get_height(n.left) rh = self.get_height(n.right) n.height = max(lh, rh) + 1 balance_factor = lh - rh n.num_total = 1 + self.get_num_total(n.left) + self.get_num_total(n.right) n.num_left = 1 + self.get_num_total(n.left) if balance_factor > 1: if self.get_height(n.left.left) < self.get_height(n.left.right): self._rotate_left(n.left) self._rotate_right(n) elif balance_factor < -1: if self.get_height(n.right.right) < self.get_height(n.right.left): self._rotate_right(n.right) self._rotate_left(n) else: n = n.parent def _remove_one(self, node): """ Side effect!!! Changes node. Node should have exactly one child """ replacement = node.left or node.right if node.parent: if AvlTree._is_left(node): node.parent.left = replacement else: node.parent.right = replacement replacement.parent = node.parent node.parent = None else: self._tree = replacement replacement.parent = None node.left = None node.right = None node.parent = None self._rebalance(replacement) def _remove_leaf(self, node): if node.parent: if AvlTree._is_left(node): node.parent.left = None else: node.parent.right = None self._rebalance(node.parent) else: self._tree = None node.parent = None node.left = None node.right = None def remove(self, k): node = self._get_node(k) if not node: return if AvlTree._is_leaf(node): self._remove_leaf(node) return if node.left and node.right: nxt = AvlTree._get_next(node) node.key = nxt.key node.value = nxt.value if self._is_leaf(nxt): self._remove_leaf(nxt) else: self._remove_one(nxt) self._rebalance(node) else: self._remove_one(node) def get(self, k): node = self._get_node(k) return node.value if node else -1 def _get_node(self, k): if not self._tree: return None node = self._tree while node: if k < node.key: node = node.left elif node.key < k: node = node.right else: return node return None def get_at(self, pos): x = pos + 1 node = self._tree while node: if x < node.num_left: node = node.left elif node.num_left < x: x -= node.num_left node = node.right else: return (node.key, node.value) raise IndexError("Out of ranges") @staticmethod def _is_left(node): return node.parent.left and node.parent.left == node @staticmethod def _is_leaf(node): return node.left is None and node.right is None def _rotate_right(self, node): if not node.parent: self._tree = node.left node.left.parent = None elif AvlTree._is_left(node): node.parent.left = node.left node.left.parent = node.parent else: node.parent.right = node.left node.left.parent = node.parent bk = node.left.right node.left.right = node node.parent = node.left node.left = bk if bk: bk.parent = node node.height = max(self.get_height(node.left), self.get_height(node.right)) + 1 node.num_total = 1 + self.get_num_total(node.left) + self.get_num_total(node.right) node.num_left = 1 + self.get_num_total(node.left) def _rotate_left(self, node): if not node.parent: self._tree = node.right node.right.parent = None elif AvlTree._is_left(node): node.parent.left = node.right node.right.parent = node.parent else: node.parent.right = node.right node.right.parent = node.parent bk = node.right.left node.right.left = node node.parent = node.right node.right = bk if bk: bk.parent = node node.height = max(self.get_height(node.left), self.get_height(node.right)) + 1 node.num_total = 1 + self.get_num_total(node.left) + self.get_num_total(node.right) node.num_left = 1 + self.get_num_total(node.left) @staticmethod def _get_next(node): if not node.right: return node.parent n = node.right while n.left: n = n.left return n # -----------------------------------------------binary seacrh tree--------------------------------------- class SegmentTree1: def __init__(self, data, default=2**51, func=lambda a, b: a & b): """initialize the segment tree with data""" self._default = default self._func = func self._len = len(data) self._size = _size = 1 << (self._len - 1).bit_length() self.data = [default] * (2 * _size) self.data[_size:_size + self._len] = data for i in reversed(range(_size)): self.data[i] = func(self.data[i + i], self.data[i + i + 1]) def __delitem__(self, idx): self[idx] = self._default def __getitem__(self, idx): return self.data[idx + self._size] def __setitem__(self, idx, value): idx += self._size self.data[idx] = value idx >>= 1 while idx: self.data[idx] = self._func(self.data[2 * idx], self.data[2 * idx + 1]) idx >>= 1 def __len__(self): return self._len def query(self, start, stop): if start == stop: return self.__getitem__(start) stop += 1 start += self._size stop += self._size res = self._default while start < stop: if start & 1: res = self._func(res, self.data[start]) start += 1 if stop & 1: stop -= 1 res = self._func(res, self.data[stop]) start >>= 1 stop >>= 1 return res def __repr__(self): return "SegmentTree({0})".format(self.data) # -------------------game starts now----------------------------------------------------import math class SegmentTree: def __init__(self, data, default=0, func=lambda a, b: a + b): """initialize the segment tree with data""" self._default = default self._func = func self._len = len(data) self._size = _size = 1 << (self._len - 1).bit_length() self.data = [default] * (2 * _size) self.data[_size:_size + self._len] = data for i in reversed(range(_size)): self.data[i] = func(self.data[i + i], self.data[i + i + 1]) def __delitem__(self, idx): self[idx] = self._default def __getitem__(self, idx): return self.data[idx + self._size] def __setitem__(self, idx, value): idx += self._size self.data[idx] = value idx >>= 1 while idx: self.data[idx] = self._func(self.data[2 * idx], self.data[2 * idx + 1]) idx >>= 1 def __len__(self): return self._len def query(self, start, stop): if start == stop: return self.__getitem__(start) stop += 1 start += self._size stop += self._size res = self._default while start < stop: if start & 1: res = self._func(res, self.data[start]) start += 1 if stop & 1: stop -= 1 res = self._func(res, self.data[stop]) start >>= 1 stop >>= 1 return res def __repr__(self): return "SegmentTree({0})".format(self.data) # -------------------------------iye ha chutiya zindegi------------------------------------- class Factorial: def __init__(self, MOD): self.MOD = MOD self.factorials = [1, 1] self.invModulos = [0, 1] self.invFactorial_ = [1, 1] def calc(self, n): if n <= -1: print("Invalid argument to calculate n!") print("n must be non-negative value. But the argument was " + str(n)) exit() if n < len(self.factorials): return self.factorials[n] nextArr = [0] * (n + 1 - len(self.factorials)) initialI = len(self.factorials) prev = self.factorials[-1] m = self.MOD for i in range(initialI, n + 1): prev = nextArr[i - initialI] = prev * i % m self.factorials += nextArr return self.factorials[n] def inv(self, n): if n <= -1: print("Invalid argument to calculate n^(-1)") print("n must be non-negative value. But the argument was " + str(n)) exit() p = self.MOD pi = n % p if pi < len(self.invModulos): return self.invModulos[pi] nextArr = [0] * (n + 1 - len(self.invModulos)) initialI = len(self.invModulos) for i in range(initialI, min(p, n + 1)): next = -self.invModulos[p % i] * (p // i) % p self.invModulos.append(next) return self.invModulos[pi] def invFactorial(self, n): if n <= -1: print("Invalid argument to calculate (n^(-1))!") print("n must be non-negative value. But the argument was " + str(n)) exit() if n < len(self.invFactorial_): return self.invFactorial_[n] self.inv(n) # To make sure already calculated n^-1 nextArr = [0] * (n + 1 - len(self.invFactorial_)) initialI = len(self.invFactorial_) prev = self.invFactorial_[-1] p = self.MOD for i in range(initialI, n + 1): prev = nextArr[i - initialI] = (prev * self.invModulos[i % p]) % p self.invFactorial_ += nextArr return self.invFactorial_[n] class Combination: def __init__(self, MOD): self.MOD = MOD self.factorial = Factorial(MOD) def ncr(self, n, k): if k < 0 or n < k: return 0 k = min(k, n - k) f = self.factorial return f.calc(n) * f.invFactorial(max(n - k, k)) * f.invFactorial(min(k, n - k)) % self.MOD # --------------------------------------iye ha combinations ka zindegi--------------------------------- def powm(a, n, m): if a == 1 or n == 0: return 1 if n % 2 == 0: s = powm(a, n // 2, m) return s * s % m else: return a * powm(a, n - 1, m) % m # --------------------------------------iye ha power ka zindegi--------------------------------- def sort_list(list1, list2): zipped_pairs = zip(list2, list1) z = [x for _, x in sorted(zipped_pairs)] return z # --------------------------------------------------product---------------------------------------- def product(l): por = 1 for i in range(len(l)): por *= l[i] return por # --------------------------------------------------binary---------------------------------------- def binarySearchCount(arr, n, key): left = 0 right = n - 1 count = 0 while (left <= right): mid = int((right + left) / 2) # Check if middle element is # less than or equal to key if (arr[mid] < key): count = mid + 1 left = mid + 1 # If key is smaller, ignore right half else: right = mid - 1 return count # --------------------------------------------------binary---------------------------------------- def countdig(n): c = 0 while (n > 0): n //= 10 c += 1 return c def binary(x, length): y = bin(x)[2:] return y if len(y) >= length else "0" * (length - len(y)) + y def countGreater(arr, n, k): l = 0 r = n - 1 # Stores the index of the left most element # from the array which is greater than k leftGreater = n # Finds number of elements greater than k while (l <= r): m = int(l + (r - l) / 2) if (arr[m] >= k): leftGreater = m r = m - 1 # If mid element is less than # or equal to k update l else: l = m + 1 # Return the count of elements # greater than k return (n - leftGreater) # --------------------------------------------------binary------------------------------------ n,m=map(int,input().split()) l=[] for i in range(n): l.append(list(map(int,input().split()))) c=defaultdict(int) ans=[] f=0 while(sum(c)!=10): su=0 for i in range(10): su+=c[i] f=0 for i in range(n-1): for j in range(1,int(l[i][0])+1): if j==int(l[i+1][0]): if c[l[i+1][j]]>c[l[i][j]]: if c[l[i][j]] == 0: ans.append(l[i][j]) c[l[i][j]] = 1 break else: f = 1 break if l[i][j] > l[i + 1][j] and c[l[i][j]] <= c[l[i + 1][j]]: if c[l[i][j]] == 0: ans.append(l[i][j]) c[l[i][j]] = 1 break else: f = 1 break else: break elif c[l[i+1][j]]>c[l[i][j]]: if c[l[i][j]] == 0: ans.append(l[i][j]) c[l[i][j]] = 1 break else: f = 1 break elif l[i][j]>l[i+1][j] and c[l[i][j]]<=c[l[i+1][j]]: if c[l[i][j]]==0: ans.append(l[i][j]) c[l[i][j]]=1 break else: f=1 break elif l[i][j]<l[i+1][j] or c[l[i][j]]>c[l[i+1][j]]: break if f==1: break if f==1: break su1 = 0 for i in range(10): su1 += c[i] if su==su1: break if f==1: print("No") sys.exit(0) f=0 for i in range(n-1): for j in range(1,int(l[i][0])+1): if j == int(l[i + 1][0]): if l[i][j] > l[i + 1][j] and c[l[i][j]] <= c[l[i + 1][j]]: f=1 break else: break if c[l[i + 1][j]] > c[l[i][j]]: f = 1 break elif l[i][j]>l[i+1][j] and c[l[i][j]]<=c[l[i+1][j]]: f=1 break elif l[i][j] < l[i + 1][j] or c[l[i][j]]>c[l[i+1][j]]: break if f==1: print("No") else: print("Yes") print(len(ans)) print(*ans) ```
instruction
0
27,087
6
54,174
No
output
1
27,087
6
54,175
Provide tags and a correct Python 3 solution for this coding contest problem. Natasha is going to fly to Mars. She needs to build a rocket, which consists of several stages in some order. Each of the stages is defined by a lowercase Latin letter. This way, the rocket can be described by the string β€” concatenation of letters, which correspond to the stages. There are n stages available. The rocket must contain exactly k of them. Stages in the rocket should be ordered by their weight. So, after the stage with some letter can go only stage with a letter, which is at least two positions after in the alphabet (skipping one letter in between, or even more). For example, after letter 'c' can't go letters 'a', 'b', 'c' and 'd', but can go letters 'e', 'f', ..., 'z'. For the rocket to fly as far as possible, its weight should be minimal. The weight of the rocket is equal to the sum of the weights of its stages. The weight of the stage is the number of its letter in the alphabet. For example, the stage 'a 'weighs one ton,' b 'weighs two tons, and' z' β€” 26 tons. Build the rocket with the minimal weight or determine, that it is impossible to build a rocket at all. Each stage can be used at most once. Input The first line of input contains two integers β€” n and k (1 ≀ k ≀ n ≀ 50) – the number of available stages and the number of stages to use in the rocket. The second line contains string s, which consists of exactly n lowercase Latin letters. Each letter defines a new stage, which can be used to build the rocket. Each stage can be used at most once. Output Print a single integer β€” the minimal total weight of the rocket or -1, if it is impossible to build the rocket at all. Examples Input 5 3 xyabd Output 29 Input 7 4 problem Output 34 Input 2 2 ab Output -1 Input 12 1 abaabbaaabbb Output 1 Note In the first example, the following rockets satisfy the condition: * "adx" (weight is 1+4+24=29); * "ady" (weight is 1+4+25=30); * "bdx" (weight is 2+4+24=30); * "bdy" (weight is 2+4+25=31). Rocket "adx" has the minimal weight, so the answer is 29. In the second example, target rocket is "belo". Its weight is 2+5+12+15=34. In the third example, n=k=2, so the rocket must have both stages: 'a' and 'b'. This rocket doesn't satisfy the condition, because these letters are adjacent in the alphabet. Answer is -1.
instruction
0
27,381
6
54,762
Tags: greedy, implementation, sortings Correct Solution: ``` n,k=map(int,input().split()) s=input() nl=[ chr(ord('a')+i) for i in range(26) ] vall=[ 0 for i in range(0,26) ] for i in s: vall[ord(i)-ord('a')]+=1 j=0 ans=0 flag=0 while j<26 : if vall[ord(nl[j])-ord('a')]>0 : vall[ord(nl[j])-ord('a')]-=1 ans+=j+1 j+=2 flag+=1 if flag==k : break else: j+=1 continue if(flag==k): print(ans) else: print("-1") ```
output
1
27,381
6
54,763
Provide tags and a correct Python 3 solution for this coding contest problem. Natasha is going to fly to Mars. She needs to build a rocket, which consists of several stages in some order. Each of the stages is defined by a lowercase Latin letter. This way, the rocket can be described by the string β€” concatenation of letters, which correspond to the stages. There are n stages available. The rocket must contain exactly k of them. Stages in the rocket should be ordered by their weight. So, after the stage with some letter can go only stage with a letter, which is at least two positions after in the alphabet (skipping one letter in between, or even more). For example, after letter 'c' can't go letters 'a', 'b', 'c' and 'd', but can go letters 'e', 'f', ..., 'z'. For the rocket to fly as far as possible, its weight should be minimal. The weight of the rocket is equal to the sum of the weights of its stages. The weight of the stage is the number of its letter in the alphabet. For example, the stage 'a 'weighs one ton,' b 'weighs two tons, and' z' β€” 26 tons. Build the rocket with the minimal weight or determine, that it is impossible to build a rocket at all. Each stage can be used at most once. Input The first line of input contains two integers β€” n and k (1 ≀ k ≀ n ≀ 50) – the number of available stages and the number of stages to use in the rocket. The second line contains string s, which consists of exactly n lowercase Latin letters. Each letter defines a new stage, which can be used to build the rocket. Each stage can be used at most once. Output Print a single integer β€” the minimal total weight of the rocket or -1, if it is impossible to build the rocket at all. Examples Input 5 3 xyabd Output 29 Input 7 4 problem Output 34 Input 2 2 ab Output -1 Input 12 1 abaabbaaabbb Output 1 Note In the first example, the following rockets satisfy the condition: * "adx" (weight is 1+4+24=29); * "ady" (weight is 1+4+25=30); * "bdx" (weight is 2+4+24=30); * "bdy" (weight is 2+4+25=31). Rocket "adx" has the minimal weight, so the answer is 29. In the second example, target rocket is "belo". Its weight is 2+5+12+15=34. In the third example, n=k=2, so the rocket must have both stages: 'a' and 'b'. This rocket doesn't satisfy the condition, because these letters are adjacent in the alphabet. Answer is -1.
instruction
0
27,382
6
54,764
Tags: greedy, implementation, sortings Correct Solution: ``` n,k=map(int,input().split()) s=input() s=list(s) s.sort() ans=0 i=0 l=set() cur=None if(n==1 and k==1): print(ord(s[0])-96) elif(n==1 and k>1): print(-1) else: while(i<n and k>0): cur=s[i] if(s[i] not in l): ans+=ord(s[i])-96 l.add(s[i]) i+=1 k-=1 else: i+=1 while(i<n and s[i]==chr(ord(cur)+1)): i+=1 if(k>0): print(-1) else: print(ans) ```
output
1
27,382
6
54,765
Provide tags and a correct Python 3 solution for this coding contest problem. Natasha is going to fly to Mars. She needs to build a rocket, which consists of several stages in some order. Each of the stages is defined by a lowercase Latin letter. This way, the rocket can be described by the string β€” concatenation of letters, which correspond to the stages. There are n stages available. The rocket must contain exactly k of them. Stages in the rocket should be ordered by their weight. So, after the stage with some letter can go only stage with a letter, which is at least two positions after in the alphabet (skipping one letter in between, or even more). For example, after letter 'c' can't go letters 'a', 'b', 'c' and 'd', but can go letters 'e', 'f', ..., 'z'. For the rocket to fly as far as possible, its weight should be minimal. The weight of the rocket is equal to the sum of the weights of its stages. The weight of the stage is the number of its letter in the alphabet. For example, the stage 'a 'weighs one ton,' b 'weighs two tons, and' z' β€” 26 tons. Build the rocket with the minimal weight or determine, that it is impossible to build a rocket at all. Each stage can be used at most once. Input The first line of input contains two integers β€” n and k (1 ≀ k ≀ n ≀ 50) – the number of available stages and the number of stages to use in the rocket. The second line contains string s, which consists of exactly n lowercase Latin letters. Each letter defines a new stage, which can be used to build the rocket. Each stage can be used at most once. Output Print a single integer β€” the minimal total weight of the rocket or -1, if it is impossible to build the rocket at all. Examples Input 5 3 xyabd Output 29 Input 7 4 problem Output 34 Input 2 2 ab Output -1 Input 12 1 abaabbaaabbb Output 1 Note In the first example, the following rockets satisfy the condition: * "adx" (weight is 1+4+24=29); * "ady" (weight is 1+4+25=30); * "bdx" (weight is 2+4+24=30); * "bdy" (weight is 2+4+25=31). Rocket "adx" has the minimal weight, so the answer is 29. In the second example, target rocket is "belo". Its weight is 2+5+12+15=34. In the third example, n=k=2, so the rocket must have both stages: 'a' and 'b'. This rocket doesn't satisfy the condition, because these letters are adjacent in the alphabet. Answer is -1.
instruction
0
27,383
6
54,766
Tags: greedy, implementation, sortings Correct Solution: ``` n, k = list(map(int, input().split())) s = sorted(input()) su, i, e = ord(s[0]) - 96, 1, s[0] while i < n: if k <= 1: break if (ord(s[i]) - 96) - (ord(e) - 96) >= 2: su += (ord(s[i]) - 96) e, k = s[i], k - 1 i += 1 print(su if k <= 1 else -1) ```
output
1
27,383
6
54,767
Provide tags and a correct Python 3 solution for this coding contest problem. Natasha is going to fly to Mars. She needs to build a rocket, which consists of several stages in some order. Each of the stages is defined by a lowercase Latin letter. This way, the rocket can be described by the string β€” concatenation of letters, which correspond to the stages. There are n stages available. The rocket must contain exactly k of them. Stages in the rocket should be ordered by their weight. So, after the stage with some letter can go only stage with a letter, which is at least two positions after in the alphabet (skipping one letter in between, or even more). For example, after letter 'c' can't go letters 'a', 'b', 'c' and 'd', but can go letters 'e', 'f', ..., 'z'. For the rocket to fly as far as possible, its weight should be minimal. The weight of the rocket is equal to the sum of the weights of its stages. The weight of the stage is the number of its letter in the alphabet. For example, the stage 'a 'weighs one ton,' b 'weighs two tons, and' z' β€” 26 tons. Build the rocket with the minimal weight or determine, that it is impossible to build a rocket at all. Each stage can be used at most once. Input The first line of input contains two integers β€” n and k (1 ≀ k ≀ n ≀ 50) – the number of available stages and the number of stages to use in the rocket. The second line contains string s, which consists of exactly n lowercase Latin letters. Each letter defines a new stage, which can be used to build the rocket. Each stage can be used at most once. Output Print a single integer β€” the minimal total weight of the rocket or -1, if it is impossible to build the rocket at all. Examples Input 5 3 xyabd Output 29 Input 7 4 problem Output 34 Input 2 2 ab Output -1 Input 12 1 abaabbaaabbb Output 1 Note In the first example, the following rockets satisfy the condition: * "adx" (weight is 1+4+24=29); * "ady" (weight is 1+4+25=30); * "bdx" (weight is 2+4+24=30); * "bdy" (weight is 2+4+25=31). Rocket "adx" has the minimal weight, so the answer is 29. In the second example, target rocket is "belo". Its weight is 2+5+12+15=34. In the third example, n=k=2, so the rocket must have both stages: 'a' and 'b'. This rocket doesn't satisfy the condition, because these letters are adjacent in the alphabet. Answer is -1.
instruction
0
27,384
6
54,768
Tags: greedy, implementation, sortings Correct Solution: ``` n , k = [int(x) for x in input().split()] MAXV = 999999999999999999999 s = input() s = list(set(s)) n = len(s) s.sort() res = MAXV cur = 0 st = 0 fin = st + 1 cur = ord(s[st]) - ord("a") + 1 taken = [s[st]] while len(taken) < k and fin < n: if ord(s[fin]) - ord(taken[-1]) > 1: cur += ord(s[fin]) - ord("a") + 1 taken.append(s[fin]) fin += 1 if len(taken) == k: print(cur) else: print(-1) ```
output
1
27,384
6
54,769
Provide tags and a correct Python 3 solution for this coding contest problem. Natasha is going to fly to Mars. She needs to build a rocket, which consists of several stages in some order. Each of the stages is defined by a lowercase Latin letter. This way, the rocket can be described by the string β€” concatenation of letters, which correspond to the stages. There are n stages available. The rocket must contain exactly k of them. Stages in the rocket should be ordered by their weight. So, after the stage with some letter can go only stage with a letter, which is at least two positions after in the alphabet (skipping one letter in between, or even more). For example, after letter 'c' can't go letters 'a', 'b', 'c' and 'd', but can go letters 'e', 'f', ..., 'z'. For the rocket to fly as far as possible, its weight should be minimal. The weight of the rocket is equal to the sum of the weights of its stages. The weight of the stage is the number of its letter in the alphabet. For example, the stage 'a 'weighs one ton,' b 'weighs two tons, and' z' β€” 26 tons. Build the rocket with the minimal weight or determine, that it is impossible to build a rocket at all. Each stage can be used at most once. Input The first line of input contains two integers β€” n and k (1 ≀ k ≀ n ≀ 50) – the number of available stages and the number of stages to use in the rocket. The second line contains string s, which consists of exactly n lowercase Latin letters. Each letter defines a new stage, which can be used to build the rocket. Each stage can be used at most once. Output Print a single integer β€” the minimal total weight of the rocket or -1, if it is impossible to build the rocket at all. Examples Input 5 3 xyabd Output 29 Input 7 4 problem Output 34 Input 2 2 ab Output -1 Input 12 1 abaabbaaabbb Output 1 Note In the first example, the following rockets satisfy the condition: * "adx" (weight is 1+4+24=29); * "ady" (weight is 1+4+25=30); * "bdx" (weight is 2+4+24=30); * "bdy" (weight is 2+4+25=31). Rocket "adx" has the minimal weight, so the answer is 29. In the second example, target rocket is "belo". Its weight is 2+5+12+15=34. In the third example, n=k=2, so the rocket must have both stages: 'a' and 'b'. This rocket doesn't satisfy the condition, because these letters are adjacent in the alphabet. Answer is -1.
instruction
0
27,385
6
54,770
Tags: greedy, implementation, sortings Correct Solution: ``` num = input() num = num.split() n = int(num[0]) x = int(num[1]) ip = input() myDict = {} ch = 'a' for i in range(1,27): myDict.update({ch:i}) ch = chr(ord(ch) + 1) myList = [] for c in ip: myList.append([c,myDict[c]]) myList.sort(key = lambda x: x[1]) sum = 0 prev = myList[0][1] sum += prev count = 1 done = False if count!= x: for i in range(1,n): #print("LOOP" + str(i)) if prev + 1 == myList[i][1] or prev == myList[i][1]: #print("PASS" + str(myList[i][1])) pass else: #print("ELSE" + str(myList[i][1])) count += 1 sum += myList[i][1] prev = myList[i][1] if count == x: done = True print(sum) break elif count == x: if not done: print(sum) if count != x: print(-1) ```
output
1
27,385
6
54,771
Provide tags and a correct Python 3 solution for this coding contest problem. Natasha is going to fly to Mars. She needs to build a rocket, which consists of several stages in some order. Each of the stages is defined by a lowercase Latin letter. This way, the rocket can be described by the string β€” concatenation of letters, which correspond to the stages. There are n stages available. The rocket must contain exactly k of them. Stages in the rocket should be ordered by their weight. So, after the stage with some letter can go only stage with a letter, which is at least two positions after in the alphabet (skipping one letter in between, or even more). For example, after letter 'c' can't go letters 'a', 'b', 'c' and 'd', but can go letters 'e', 'f', ..., 'z'. For the rocket to fly as far as possible, its weight should be minimal. The weight of the rocket is equal to the sum of the weights of its stages. The weight of the stage is the number of its letter in the alphabet. For example, the stage 'a 'weighs one ton,' b 'weighs two tons, and' z' β€” 26 tons. Build the rocket with the minimal weight or determine, that it is impossible to build a rocket at all. Each stage can be used at most once. Input The first line of input contains two integers β€” n and k (1 ≀ k ≀ n ≀ 50) – the number of available stages and the number of stages to use in the rocket. The second line contains string s, which consists of exactly n lowercase Latin letters. Each letter defines a new stage, which can be used to build the rocket. Each stage can be used at most once. Output Print a single integer β€” the minimal total weight of the rocket or -1, if it is impossible to build the rocket at all. Examples Input 5 3 xyabd Output 29 Input 7 4 problem Output 34 Input 2 2 ab Output -1 Input 12 1 abaabbaaabbb Output 1 Note In the first example, the following rockets satisfy the condition: * "adx" (weight is 1+4+24=29); * "ady" (weight is 1+4+25=30); * "bdx" (weight is 2+4+24=30); * "bdy" (weight is 2+4+25=31). Rocket "adx" has the minimal weight, so the answer is 29. In the second example, target rocket is "belo". Its weight is 2+5+12+15=34. In the third example, n=k=2, so the rocket must have both stages: 'a' and 'b'. This rocket doesn't satisfy the condition, because these letters are adjacent in the alphabet. Answer is -1.
instruction
0
27,386
6
54,772
Tags: greedy, implementation, sortings Correct Solution: ``` # cook your dish here # from math import * #for _ in range(int(input().strip())): n,k = map(int,input().split()) s = input() s = ''.join(sorted(s)) k-=1 prev = s[0] ans = ord(s[0]) - ord('a') + 1 for i in range(n): if k==0: break if ord(s[i]) - ord(prev) > 1 : k-=1 ans+= ( ord(s[i]) - ord('a') + 1) prev = s[i] if k: ans = -1 print(ans) ```
output
1
27,386
6
54,773
Provide tags and a correct Python 3 solution for this coding contest problem. Natasha is going to fly to Mars. She needs to build a rocket, which consists of several stages in some order. Each of the stages is defined by a lowercase Latin letter. This way, the rocket can be described by the string β€” concatenation of letters, which correspond to the stages. There are n stages available. The rocket must contain exactly k of them. Stages in the rocket should be ordered by their weight. So, after the stage with some letter can go only stage with a letter, which is at least two positions after in the alphabet (skipping one letter in between, or even more). For example, after letter 'c' can't go letters 'a', 'b', 'c' and 'd', but can go letters 'e', 'f', ..., 'z'. For the rocket to fly as far as possible, its weight should be minimal. The weight of the rocket is equal to the sum of the weights of its stages. The weight of the stage is the number of its letter in the alphabet. For example, the stage 'a 'weighs one ton,' b 'weighs two tons, and' z' β€” 26 tons. Build the rocket with the minimal weight or determine, that it is impossible to build a rocket at all. Each stage can be used at most once. Input The first line of input contains two integers β€” n and k (1 ≀ k ≀ n ≀ 50) – the number of available stages and the number of stages to use in the rocket. The second line contains string s, which consists of exactly n lowercase Latin letters. Each letter defines a new stage, which can be used to build the rocket. Each stage can be used at most once. Output Print a single integer β€” the minimal total weight of the rocket or -1, if it is impossible to build the rocket at all. Examples Input 5 3 xyabd Output 29 Input 7 4 problem Output 34 Input 2 2 ab Output -1 Input 12 1 abaabbaaabbb Output 1 Note In the first example, the following rockets satisfy the condition: * "adx" (weight is 1+4+24=29); * "ady" (weight is 1+4+25=30); * "bdx" (weight is 2+4+24=30); * "bdy" (weight is 2+4+25=31). Rocket "adx" has the minimal weight, so the answer is 29. In the second example, target rocket is "belo". Its weight is 2+5+12+15=34. In the third example, n=k=2, so the rocket must have both stages: 'a' and 'b'. This rocket doesn't satisfy the condition, because these letters are adjacent in the alphabet. Answer is -1.
instruction
0
27,387
6
54,774
Tags: greedy, implementation, sortings Correct Solution: ``` n,k = list(map(int,input().split())) data = sorted(list(input())) data = list(map(lambda x:ord(x)-ord('a')+1,data)) result = 0 used = 0 idx =0 prev = -2 # print(data) for d in data: if d > prev+1: result+= d prev = d used += 1 if used == k: break if used < k: print(-1) else: print(result) ```
output
1
27,387
6
54,775
Provide tags and a correct Python 3 solution for this coding contest problem. Natasha is going to fly to Mars. She needs to build a rocket, which consists of several stages in some order. Each of the stages is defined by a lowercase Latin letter. This way, the rocket can be described by the string β€” concatenation of letters, which correspond to the stages. There are n stages available. The rocket must contain exactly k of them. Stages in the rocket should be ordered by their weight. So, after the stage with some letter can go only stage with a letter, which is at least two positions after in the alphabet (skipping one letter in between, or even more). For example, after letter 'c' can't go letters 'a', 'b', 'c' and 'd', but can go letters 'e', 'f', ..., 'z'. For the rocket to fly as far as possible, its weight should be minimal. The weight of the rocket is equal to the sum of the weights of its stages. The weight of the stage is the number of its letter in the alphabet. For example, the stage 'a 'weighs one ton,' b 'weighs two tons, and' z' β€” 26 tons. Build the rocket with the minimal weight or determine, that it is impossible to build a rocket at all. Each stage can be used at most once. Input The first line of input contains two integers β€” n and k (1 ≀ k ≀ n ≀ 50) – the number of available stages and the number of stages to use in the rocket. The second line contains string s, which consists of exactly n lowercase Latin letters. Each letter defines a new stage, which can be used to build the rocket. Each stage can be used at most once. Output Print a single integer β€” the minimal total weight of the rocket or -1, if it is impossible to build the rocket at all. Examples Input 5 3 xyabd Output 29 Input 7 4 problem Output 34 Input 2 2 ab Output -1 Input 12 1 abaabbaaabbb Output 1 Note In the first example, the following rockets satisfy the condition: * "adx" (weight is 1+4+24=29); * "ady" (weight is 1+4+25=30); * "bdx" (weight is 2+4+24=30); * "bdy" (weight is 2+4+25=31). Rocket "adx" has the minimal weight, so the answer is 29. In the second example, target rocket is "belo". Its weight is 2+5+12+15=34. In the third example, n=k=2, so the rocket must have both stages: 'a' and 'b'. This rocket doesn't satisfy the condition, because these letters are adjacent in the alphabet. Answer is -1.
instruction
0
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Tags: greedy, implementation, sortings Correct Solution: ``` import math as ma from sys import exit from decimal import Decimal as dec def li(): return list(map(int , input().split())) # https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/multiplicative-inverse-under-modulo-m/ def modInverse(a , m): m0 = m y = 0 x = 1 if (m == 1): return 0 while (a > 1): q = a // m t = m m = a % m a = t t = y y = x - q * y x = t if (x < 0): x = x + m0 return x def num(): return map(int , input().split()) def nu(): return int(input()) def find_gcd(x , y): while (y): x , y = y , x % y return x mi=1000000000 n,k=num() s=input() f=[0]*26 for i in range(n): a=ord(s[i])-97 f[a]+=1 ss=0 pp=0 ind=0 #print(f) for i in range(26): if(f[i]==0): continue ss=i+1 pp=1 ind=i+2 while(pp<k and ind<26): #print(ind,pp) if(f[ind]==0): ind+=1 else: ss+=ind+1 pp+=1 ind+=2 #print("Entered",pp) #print(pp) if(pp==k): mi=min(ss,mi) if(mi==1000000000): print(-1) else: print(mi) ```
output
1
27,388
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Evaluate the correctness of the submitted Python 3 solution to the coding contest problem. Provide a "Yes" or "No" response. Natasha is going to fly to Mars. She needs to build a rocket, which consists of several stages in some order. Each of the stages is defined by a lowercase Latin letter. This way, the rocket can be described by the string β€” concatenation of letters, which correspond to the stages. There are n stages available. The rocket must contain exactly k of them. Stages in the rocket should be ordered by their weight. So, after the stage with some letter can go only stage with a letter, which is at least two positions after in the alphabet (skipping one letter in between, or even more). For example, after letter 'c' can't go letters 'a', 'b', 'c' and 'd', but can go letters 'e', 'f', ..., 'z'. For the rocket to fly as far as possible, its weight should be minimal. The weight of the rocket is equal to the sum of the weights of its stages. The weight of the stage is the number of its letter in the alphabet. For example, the stage 'a 'weighs one ton,' b 'weighs two tons, and' z' β€” 26 tons. Build the rocket with the minimal weight or determine, that it is impossible to build a rocket at all. Each stage can be used at most once. Input The first line of input contains two integers β€” n and k (1 ≀ k ≀ n ≀ 50) – the number of available stages and the number of stages to use in the rocket. The second line contains string s, which consists of exactly n lowercase Latin letters. Each letter defines a new stage, which can be used to build the rocket. Each stage can be used at most once. Output Print a single integer β€” the minimal total weight of the rocket or -1, if it is impossible to build the rocket at all. Examples Input 5 3 xyabd Output 29 Input 7 4 problem Output 34 Input 2 2 ab Output -1 Input 12 1 abaabbaaabbb Output 1 Note In the first example, the following rockets satisfy the condition: * "adx" (weight is 1+4+24=29); * "ady" (weight is 1+4+25=30); * "bdx" (weight is 2+4+24=30); * "bdy" (weight is 2+4+25=31). Rocket "adx" has the minimal weight, so the answer is 29. In the second example, target rocket is "belo". Its weight is 2+5+12+15=34. In the third example, n=k=2, so the rocket must have both stages: 'a' and 'b'. This rocket doesn't satisfy the condition, because these letters are adjacent in the alphabet. Answer is -1. Submitted Solution: ``` n,k=[*map(int,input().split())] st=sorted(input()) li=['a','b','c','d','e','f','g','h','i','j','k','l','m','n','o','p','q','r','s','t','u','v','w','x','y','z'] newli=[] for i in st: newli.append(li.index(i)+1) if k==1: print(newli[0]) quit() else: addvalue=newli[0] addtime=1 cursor1=0 cursor2=1 while addtime<k: try: newli[cursor2] except: print(-1) quit() if newli[cursor2]-newli[cursor1]<=1: cursor2+=1 else: addvalue+=newli[cursor2] cursor1=cursor2 cursor2+=1 addtime+=1 print(addvalue) ```
instruction
0
27,389
6
54,778
Yes
output
1
27,389
6
54,779
Evaluate the correctness of the submitted Python 3 solution to the coding contest problem. Provide a "Yes" or "No" response. Natasha is going to fly to Mars. She needs to build a rocket, which consists of several stages in some order. Each of the stages is defined by a lowercase Latin letter. This way, the rocket can be described by the string β€” concatenation of letters, which correspond to the stages. There are n stages available. The rocket must contain exactly k of them. Stages in the rocket should be ordered by their weight. So, after the stage with some letter can go only stage with a letter, which is at least two positions after in the alphabet (skipping one letter in between, or even more). For example, after letter 'c' can't go letters 'a', 'b', 'c' and 'd', but can go letters 'e', 'f', ..., 'z'. For the rocket to fly as far as possible, its weight should be minimal. The weight of the rocket is equal to the sum of the weights of its stages. The weight of the stage is the number of its letter in the alphabet. For example, the stage 'a 'weighs one ton,' b 'weighs two tons, and' z' β€” 26 tons. Build the rocket with the minimal weight or determine, that it is impossible to build a rocket at all. Each stage can be used at most once. Input The first line of input contains two integers β€” n and k (1 ≀ k ≀ n ≀ 50) – the number of available stages and the number of stages to use in the rocket. The second line contains string s, which consists of exactly n lowercase Latin letters. Each letter defines a new stage, which can be used to build the rocket. Each stage can be used at most once. Output Print a single integer β€” the minimal total weight of the rocket or -1, if it is impossible to build the rocket at all. Examples Input 5 3 xyabd Output 29 Input 7 4 problem Output 34 Input 2 2 ab Output -1 Input 12 1 abaabbaaabbb Output 1 Note In the first example, the following rockets satisfy the condition: * "adx" (weight is 1+4+24=29); * "ady" (weight is 1+4+25=30); * "bdx" (weight is 2+4+24=30); * "bdy" (weight is 2+4+25=31). Rocket "adx" has the minimal weight, so the answer is 29. In the second example, target rocket is "belo". Its weight is 2+5+12+15=34. In the third example, n=k=2, so the rocket must have both stages: 'a' and 'b'. This rocket doesn't satisfy the condition, because these letters are adjacent in the alphabet. Answer is -1. Submitted Solution: ``` from sys import stdin def func(arr): return sum(list(map(lambda x:ord(x)-96,arr))) n,k=map(int,stdin.readline().split()) s=stdin.readline().strip() ans=[] s=sorted(s) for i in range(n-k+1): arr=[s[i]] total=ord(s[i])-ord('a')+1 count=1 m=i j=m+1 while(j<n and count<k): if ord(s[j])-ord(s[m])>=2: arr.append(s[j]) count+=1 total+=(ord(s[j])+1-ord('a')) m=j j=m+1 else: j+=1 if len(arr)==k: ans.append(total) else: pass if len(ans)==0: print(-1) else: print(min(ans)) ```
instruction
0
27,390
6
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Yes
output
1
27,390
6
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Evaluate the correctness of the submitted Python 3 solution to the coding contest problem. Provide a "Yes" or "No" response. Natasha is going to fly to Mars. She needs to build a rocket, which consists of several stages in some order. Each of the stages is defined by a lowercase Latin letter. This way, the rocket can be described by the string β€” concatenation of letters, which correspond to the stages. There are n stages available. The rocket must contain exactly k of them. Stages in the rocket should be ordered by their weight. So, after the stage with some letter can go only stage with a letter, which is at least two positions after in the alphabet (skipping one letter in between, or even more). For example, after letter 'c' can't go letters 'a', 'b', 'c' and 'd', but can go letters 'e', 'f', ..., 'z'. For the rocket to fly as far as possible, its weight should be minimal. The weight of the rocket is equal to the sum of the weights of its stages. The weight of the stage is the number of its letter in the alphabet. For example, the stage 'a 'weighs one ton,' b 'weighs two tons, and' z' β€” 26 tons. Build the rocket with the minimal weight or determine, that it is impossible to build a rocket at all. Each stage can be used at most once. Input The first line of input contains two integers β€” n and k (1 ≀ k ≀ n ≀ 50) – the number of available stages and the number of stages to use in the rocket. The second line contains string s, which consists of exactly n lowercase Latin letters. Each letter defines a new stage, which can be used to build the rocket. Each stage can be used at most once. Output Print a single integer β€” the minimal total weight of the rocket or -1, if it is impossible to build the rocket at all. Examples Input 5 3 xyabd Output 29 Input 7 4 problem Output 34 Input 2 2 ab Output -1 Input 12 1 abaabbaaabbb Output 1 Note In the first example, the following rockets satisfy the condition: * "adx" (weight is 1+4+24=29); * "ady" (weight is 1+4+25=30); * "bdx" (weight is 2+4+24=30); * "bdy" (weight is 2+4+25=31). Rocket "adx" has the minimal weight, so the answer is 29. In the second example, target rocket is "belo". Its weight is 2+5+12+15=34. In the third example, n=k=2, so the rocket must have both stages: 'a' and 'b'. This rocket doesn't satisfy the condition, because these letters are adjacent in the alphabet. Answer is -1. Submitted Solution: ``` n, k = map(int, input().split()) a = sorted(list(set(input()))) cnt = 0 m = 0 flag = True for i in range(len(a)): if cnt == k: break if i - 1 >= 0 and flag: if a[i-1] == chr(ord(a[i])-1): flag = False continue m += ord(a[i]) - ord('a') + 1 cnt += 1 flag = True if cnt < k: print(-1) else: print(m) ```
instruction
0
27,391
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Yes
output
1
27,391
6
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Evaluate the correctness of the submitted Python 3 solution to the coding contest problem. Provide a "Yes" or "No" response. Natasha is going to fly to Mars. She needs to build a rocket, which consists of several stages in some order. Each of the stages is defined by a lowercase Latin letter. This way, the rocket can be described by the string β€” concatenation of letters, which correspond to the stages. There are n stages available. The rocket must contain exactly k of them. Stages in the rocket should be ordered by their weight. So, after the stage with some letter can go only stage with a letter, which is at least two positions after in the alphabet (skipping one letter in between, or even more). For example, after letter 'c' can't go letters 'a', 'b', 'c' and 'd', but can go letters 'e', 'f', ..., 'z'. For the rocket to fly as far as possible, its weight should be minimal. The weight of the rocket is equal to the sum of the weights of its stages. The weight of the stage is the number of its letter in the alphabet. For example, the stage 'a 'weighs one ton,' b 'weighs two tons, and' z' β€” 26 tons. Build the rocket with the minimal weight or determine, that it is impossible to build a rocket at all. Each stage can be used at most once. Input The first line of input contains two integers β€” n and k (1 ≀ k ≀ n ≀ 50) – the number of available stages and the number of stages to use in the rocket. The second line contains string s, which consists of exactly n lowercase Latin letters. Each letter defines a new stage, which can be used to build the rocket. Each stage can be used at most once. Output Print a single integer β€” the minimal total weight of the rocket or -1, if it is impossible to build the rocket at all. Examples Input 5 3 xyabd Output 29 Input 7 4 problem Output 34 Input 2 2 ab Output -1 Input 12 1 abaabbaaabbb Output 1 Note In the first example, the following rockets satisfy the condition: * "adx" (weight is 1+4+24=29); * "ady" (weight is 1+4+25=30); * "bdx" (weight is 2+4+24=30); * "bdy" (weight is 2+4+25=31). Rocket "adx" has the minimal weight, so the answer is 29. In the second example, target rocket is "belo". Its weight is 2+5+12+15=34. In the third example, n=k=2, so the rocket must have both stages: 'a' and 'b'. This rocket doesn't satisfy the condition, because these letters are adjacent in the alphabet. Answer is -1. Submitted Solution: ``` n,k=(int(i) for i in input().split()) l=sorted(list(input())) c=1 c1=l[0] w=ord(l[0])-96 if(k==1): print(w) else: for i in range(1,n): if(c==k): break else: if((ord(l[i])-ord(c1))>=2): w+=ord(l[i])-96 c1=l[i] c+=1 if(c<k): print(-1) else: print(w) ```
instruction
0
27,392
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Yes
output
1
27,392
6
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Evaluate the correctness of the submitted Python 3 solution to the coding contest problem. Provide a "Yes" or "No" response. Natasha is going to fly to Mars. She needs to build a rocket, which consists of several stages in some order. Each of the stages is defined by a lowercase Latin letter. This way, the rocket can be described by the string β€” concatenation of letters, which correspond to the stages. There are n stages available. The rocket must contain exactly k of them. Stages in the rocket should be ordered by their weight. So, after the stage with some letter can go only stage with a letter, which is at least two positions after in the alphabet (skipping one letter in between, or even more). For example, after letter 'c' can't go letters 'a', 'b', 'c' and 'd', but can go letters 'e', 'f', ..., 'z'. For the rocket to fly as far as possible, its weight should be minimal. The weight of the rocket is equal to the sum of the weights of its stages. The weight of the stage is the number of its letter in the alphabet. For example, the stage 'a 'weighs one ton,' b 'weighs two tons, and' z' β€” 26 tons. Build the rocket with the minimal weight or determine, that it is impossible to build a rocket at all. Each stage can be used at most once. Input The first line of input contains two integers β€” n and k (1 ≀ k ≀ n ≀ 50) – the number of available stages and the number of stages to use in the rocket. The second line contains string s, which consists of exactly n lowercase Latin letters. Each letter defines a new stage, which can be used to build the rocket. Each stage can be used at most once. Output Print a single integer β€” the minimal total weight of the rocket or -1, if it is impossible to build the rocket at all. Examples Input 5 3 xyabd Output 29 Input 7 4 problem Output 34 Input 2 2 ab Output -1 Input 12 1 abaabbaaabbb Output 1 Note In the first example, the following rockets satisfy the condition: * "adx" (weight is 1+4+24=29); * "ady" (weight is 1+4+25=30); * "bdx" (weight is 2+4+24=30); * "bdy" (weight is 2+4+25=31). Rocket "adx" has the minimal weight, so the answer is 29. In the second example, target rocket is "belo". Its weight is 2+5+12+15=34. In the third example, n=k=2, so the rocket must have both stages: 'a' and 'b'. This rocket doesn't satisfy the condition, because these letters are adjacent in the alphabet. Answer is -1. Submitted Solution: ``` n, k = map(int, input().split()) s = input() res = 0 sch = 0 s = sorted(s) s2 = 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz' sch = 0 i = 0 if len(s) == 0: print(-1) exit(0) while True: if sch < k and i < len(s) - 1: if i != 0: if s2.index(s[i]) - 1 != s2.index(s[i - 1]) and s2.index(s[i]) != s2.index(s[i - 1]): res += s2.index(s[i]) + 1 sch += 1 else: res += s2.index(s[i]) + 1 sch += 1 i += 1 else: if sch < k: print(-1) exit(0) else: print(res) exit(0) print(-1) ```
instruction
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No
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Evaluate the correctness of the submitted Python 3 solution to the coding contest problem. Provide a "Yes" or "No" response. Natasha is going to fly to Mars. She needs to build a rocket, which consists of several stages in some order. Each of the stages is defined by a lowercase Latin letter. This way, the rocket can be described by the string β€” concatenation of letters, which correspond to the stages. There are n stages available. The rocket must contain exactly k of them. Stages in the rocket should be ordered by their weight. So, after the stage with some letter can go only stage with a letter, which is at least two positions after in the alphabet (skipping one letter in between, or even more). For example, after letter 'c' can't go letters 'a', 'b', 'c' and 'd', but can go letters 'e', 'f', ..., 'z'. For the rocket to fly as far as possible, its weight should be minimal. The weight of the rocket is equal to the sum of the weights of its stages. The weight of the stage is the number of its letter in the alphabet. For example, the stage 'a 'weighs one ton,' b 'weighs two tons, and' z' β€” 26 tons. Build the rocket with the minimal weight or determine, that it is impossible to build a rocket at all. Each stage can be used at most once. Input The first line of input contains two integers β€” n and k (1 ≀ k ≀ n ≀ 50) – the number of available stages and the number of stages to use in the rocket. The second line contains string s, which consists of exactly n lowercase Latin letters. Each letter defines a new stage, which can be used to build the rocket. Each stage can be used at most once. Output Print a single integer β€” the minimal total weight of the rocket or -1, if it is impossible to build the rocket at all. Examples Input 5 3 xyabd Output 29 Input 7 4 problem Output 34 Input 2 2 ab Output -1 Input 12 1 abaabbaaabbb Output 1 Note In the first example, the following rockets satisfy the condition: * "adx" (weight is 1+4+24=29); * "ady" (weight is 1+4+25=30); * "bdx" (weight is 2+4+24=30); * "bdy" (weight is 2+4+25=31). Rocket "adx" has the minimal weight, so the answer is 29. In the second example, target rocket is "belo". Its weight is 2+5+12+15=34. In the third example, n=k=2, so the rocket must have both stages: 'a' and 'b'. This rocket doesn't satisfy the condition, because these letters are adjacent in the alphabet. Answer is -1. Submitted Solution: ``` x,y=map(int,input().split()); s=input(); s=list(s); s.sort();print(s); d=dict(); for i in range(97,123): d[chr(i)] =i-96; sum=0;t=-1;c=0;w=0; for i in s: print(i,s); if (d[i] - t >=2) : c+=1; sum+=d[i]; t=d[i]; if (c==y): w=1; break; else : continue ; if (w==1): print(sum); else : print("-1"); ```
instruction
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No
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Evaluate the correctness of the submitted Python 3 solution to the coding contest problem. Provide a "Yes" or "No" response. Natasha is going to fly to Mars. She needs to build a rocket, which consists of several stages in some order. Each of the stages is defined by a lowercase Latin letter. This way, the rocket can be described by the string β€” concatenation of letters, which correspond to the stages. There are n stages available. The rocket must contain exactly k of them. Stages in the rocket should be ordered by their weight. So, after the stage with some letter can go only stage with a letter, which is at least two positions after in the alphabet (skipping one letter in between, or even more). For example, after letter 'c' can't go letters 'a', 'b', 'c' and 'd', but can go letters 'e', 'f', ..., 'z'. For the rocket to fly as far as possible, its weight should be minimal. The weight of the rocket is equal to the sum of the weights of its stages. The weight of the stage is the number of its letter in the alphabet. For example, the stage 'a 'weighs one ton,' b 'weighs two tons, and' z' β€” 26 tons. Build the rocket with the minimal weight or determine, that it is impossible to build a rocket at all. Each stage can be used at most once. Input The first line of input contains two integers β€” n and k (1 ≀ k ≀ n ≀ 50) – the number of available stages and the number of stages to use in the rocket. The second line contains string s, which consists of exactly n lowercase Latin letters. Each letter defines a new stage, which can be used to build the rocket. Each stage can be used at most once. Output Print a single integer β€” the minimal total weight of the rocket or -1, if it is impossible to build the rocket at all. Examples Input 5 3 xyabd Output 29 Input 7 4 problem Output 34 Input 2 2 ab Output -1 Input 12 1 abaabbaaabbb Output 1 Note In the first example, the following rockets satisfy the condition: * "adx" (weight is 1+4+24=29); * "ady" (weight is 1+4+25=30); * "bdx" (weight is 2+4+24=30); * "bdy" (weight is 2+4+25=31). Rocket "adx" has the minimal weight, so the answer is 29. In the second example, target rocket is "belo". Its weight is 2+5+12+15=34. In the third example, n=k=2, so the rocket must have both stages: 'a' and 'b'. This rocket doesn't satisfy the condition, because these letters are adjacent in the alphabet. Answer is -1. Submitted Solution: ``` n, k = map(int, input().split()) string = list(input()) string.sort() sum = 0 pre = 0 j = -1 for i in range(k): j+= 1 letter = string[j] while ord(letter) <= pre+1 and j < len(string)-1: j += 1 letter = string[j] if j < len(string): letter = string[j] if j >= len(string): break if ord(letter) > pre+1: sum += ord(letter)-96 pre = ord(letter) if j >= len(string): print(-1) else: print(sum) ```
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27,395
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No
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