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ROCOv2_2023_train_054311

Panoramic radiography shows an osteolytic lesion in the right posterior maxilla with resorption of the floor of the maxillary sinus (arrows).

ROCOv2_2023_train_058916

ERCP showing distal CBD compression. ERCP - endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography; CBD - common bile duct

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The film of upper gastrointestinal radiography.The film of upper gastrointestinal radiography with diatrizoate meglumine as the contrast medium on postoperative day 7 for one patient underwent the modified delta-shaped gastroduodenostomy. The inner diameter of the anastomosis was measured the length of the white arrow as shown in the figure.

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Pericarditis.

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Axial T2 scan showing erosion of anterior L4 vertebra and extending collection in the form a small abscess over the right paravertebral region within the right psoas muscle (arrow).

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Anteroposterior coronary angiographic view of the subclavian artery and left internal mammary artery (LIMA), showing the proximal LIMA compression and severe flow interruption associated with the hyperabduction of left arm (The arrow indicates the area of the compression and the flow interruption.)

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Axial computed tomography (CT) scan of brain and orbit showing thickened right optic nerve

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Transthoracic echocardiography showing a large right atrial thrombus (white arrow) extending into the right ventricle.

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Coronary angiogram showing right descending coronary artery dissection.

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Panoramic radiograph showing the presence of radiopaque mass circumscribed on the left side of the cervical region (arrow).

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Ultrasound shows irregular endometrial contour with typical adhesion appearnace.

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One year follow up CT scan showing the Cather sin place and the normal ventricular system

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Young man with NHL. Sonogram of the spleen shows multiple hypoechoic nodules (arrows).

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Spot sign. Initially described as contrast extravasation on CTA, the term has evolved to encompass foci of enhancement within the hematoma on CTA (red arrow)

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This chest radiograph (posteroanterior view) shows innumerable widespread, small, dense nodules, diffusely involving both lungs-predominantly in the basal regions - with obscuration of the mediastinal, cardiac, and diaphragmatic borders. A few fibrotic strands can be detected in bilateral lungs

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Frontal chest radiograph displays bilateral scattered lung infiltrates most pronounced in right lower lung zone.

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Exophytic solid and cystic gastric mass.Axial CT with contrast revealed a mixed solid and cystic 6.2 cm x 6.1 cm exophytic gastric mass (black arrow) that was located distal to the stomach. This mass was previously determined to be a GIST by biopsy. CT also revealed low-attenuation lesions in the liver and spleen, which were most likely cysts, and multiple small renal cysts along with heterogenous attenuation with a nodular surface, which was most likely secondary to chronic scarring.GIST, gastrointestinal stromal tumor

ROCOv2_2023_train_028361

Computed tomography with oral contrast showing pneumoperitoneum with compression of intra-abdominal viscera

ROCOv2_2023_train_014693

Endsystolic 4 chamber view of left ventricle: midseptal akinesia and wall thinning (white arrowhead).

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Pelvic abscess in a 37 years old women (Case 3).

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Post embolisation angiogram using PVA particles showed a marked reduction in vascularity

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CT scan demonstrated a large, contrast enhancing soft tissue lesion pushing the larynx medially.

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Transesophageal echocardiogram findings.Large, hypermobile vegetations were attached to the middle scallop of the anterior (arrowhead) and posterior mitral valve leaflets (arrow), 10 mm and 8 mm, respectively. Vegetation on the posterior mitral valve leaflet showed a 7 mm lineal mobile structure, which indicates a high embolic risk.LA, left atrium; LV, left ventricle; Ao, aorta.

ROCOv2_2023_train_007197

Normal five-layer structure of a healthy participant.

ROCOv2_2023_train_028578

Right shoulder radiograph. AP radiograph of the right shoulder demonstrating large, dense, lobulated calcifications in a periarticular distribution (arrow). Double lumen dialysis catheter (arrowhead).

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Orthopantomography revealed generalized bone loss.

ROCOv2_2023_train_059783

Ultrasound image of iSLN block.(A) Hyoid bone and thyroid cartilage were marked in the ultrasound image. (B) The red dotted line and yellow circle represented thyrohyoid membrane and superior laryngeal nerve respectively. (C) The white arrow represented the needle path.

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A stable disease of the gastric carcinoma surrounding the hepatic artery (arrow) could be detected after the 36 cycles chemotherapy (clips).

ROCOv2_2023_train_049065

CT-scan showing a diffuse thickening of the gallbladder and inflammatory pericholecystic fluid.

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7 MHz transducer. The silhouette of midbrain is marked with a colored line. Substantia nigra (*) and brainstem raphe (arrow) can be identified.

ROCOv2_2023_train_002251

Grade IV left-sided interventricular haemorrhage (blue arrow). Grade III right-sided intraventricular haemorrhage (red arrow). Midline shift is noted (yellow arrow). There is parenchymal haemorrhage extending into the left frontoparietal region.

ROCOv2_2023_train_040199

CT abdomen/pelvis axial view: the arrow indicating herniated bladder diverticulum

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Follow-up computed tomography (CT) aorta showing no contrast filling into the aneurysm.

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Wrist arthrodesis performed with the single-intramedullary-rod technique.

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Preoperative OPG (Case 3)

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Occlusion in region of internal carotid artery bifurcation.

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Abdominal CT images of patient 1, after two months of capecitabine/oxaliplatin therapy.

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Preoperative head CT revealed pyriform aperture stenosis. The measurement was taken at the axial level of the inferior meatus, as recommended by radiological guidelines

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Area of high‐intensity signal on T2‐weighted images of osteonecrosis (arrow) on MRI.

ROCOv2_2023_train_051557

Oblique coronal MIP CT image shows displaced anterolateral spinal rod and adjacent screw to the right upper lobe; the caudal edge of the rod penetrated to the liver.

ROCOv2_2023_train_044380

Parasternal short axis showing a rounded heterogeneous mass (arrow) of 3.7 cm2 in the trunk of the pulmonary artery (AO = 29 cm, AP = 26 cm). AO, aorta; AP, pulmonary artery.

ROCOv2_2023_train_036088

Coronal T2-weighted TSE fat-saturated image demonstrating cysts connecting to the posteromedial superior tibiofibular joint. TSE, turbo spin echo

ROCOv2_2023_train_013903

Computed tomographic view of a complex aspergilloma of the left lung

ROCOv2_2023_train_018565

Repeat Chest X-ray after Antiviral Therapy InitiationChest X-Ray taken on day four of antiviral therapy. Bilateral consolidations decreased compared to image B (white arrows). Pleural effusion is also decreased compared to image B (blue arrow).

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Chest radiograph.

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Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrating known right-sided disease and progression during treatment (red circle).

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MRI of pelvis with contrast showing a large encapsulated mass located at the presacral region from S1 to S3 measures 7.5 × 6.6 × 9.7 cm in transverse, AP, and long axis respectively.

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CT aspect of the tumor.

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The coronal T2-weighted image reveals a leak in the cribriform plate into the anterior ethmoid cells (white arrow) and distension of the perioptic subarachnoid space (black arrow)

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Mid-sagittal T2-weighted negative picture of cranial magnetic resonance image. The length of anterior cerebral artery has been measured from origo of anterior cerebral artery to junction of genu and body of corpus callosum (white arrows). B: Body of corpus callosum, G: Genu of corpus callosum, O: Origo of anterior cerebral artery

ROCOv2_2023_train_022539

Orbital MRI showing a mild enhancement of the posterior half of the right optic nerve sheath (white arrow) and a dark signal focus of medial rectus muscle near the right orbit apex in Case 3.

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Lateral femoral offset is the distance between the femoral head centre of rotation and the midline of long axis of the femur

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Noncontrast axial CT scan of the head at the level of the suprasellar cistern. Mild effacement of crural cistern (red arrow), Prominence of straight sinus (blue arrow). 

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MRI (axial section) of the right forearm showing the circumferential tumor (white arrow) around proximal radius (black arrow)MRI: magnetic resonance imaging

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Altered sign on the right kidney upper pole

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Dental panoramic tomographs showing DBIs (see arrows) in the mandibular left quadrants, apical to LL6 (case 7)

ROCOv2_2023_train_007390

This CECT image shows metastatic implantations (stars) disseminated across serosal surfaces in the intraperitoneal area.

ROCOv2_2023_train_057409

Chest radiograph demonstrating left tension pneumothorax (horizontal black arrow) with near- complete collapse of the left lung as well as significant subcutaneous emphysema (horizontal white arrow) to the left chest wall and neck. Also noted is a chest tube to the left chest (vertical black arrow).

ROCOv2_2023_train_013122

Postoperative anteroposterior X-ray image of Aspen shows the spikes in the lateral plates of the device for bone fixation.

ROCOv2_2023_train_038509

Right breast cancer with lung metastasis (M1).On positron emission tomography-computed tomography, 10-cm cancerous mass is seen in right breast and multiple FDG uptakes are seen in right axillary lymph nodes (arrow); there are lung nodules with FDG uptake, suggesting lung metastasis (arrowhead). FDG = fludeoxyglucose, M = metastasis

ROCOv2_2023_train_033637

Echocardiogram of a subject with pericardial effusion

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Midesophageal 5- Chamber View Focusing on the Proximal Part of the Ascending Aorta, Demonstrating the Ascending Aorta With Color Doppler Flow through the Intimal Layer

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Needle position in the divisions of the brachial plexus seen as a bunch of grapes-like structures lateral and superficial to the subclavian artery.

ROCOv2_2023_train_044761

A 31-year-old female volunteer. Illustrated are the segmentation and positioning of the volume of interest (VOI) in the L3 vertebral body using the IBEX program for volumetric (three-dimensional) extraction of textural attributes (TAs).

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Non-contrast CT of the abdomen (axial section) showing diffusely bulky pancreas with no areas of calcification noted (solid yellow arrows).

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Reformatted sagittal image shows fracture through the vertebral body (arrowhead) with vacuum discs at multiple higher levels (curved arrows).

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Computed tomography scan. The intracystic free corpuscles are calcified (arrow) on non-enhanced computed tomography scan.

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Computed tomography with intravenous contrast revealed filling defect of an embolus in the right division of pulmonary artery (white arrow), loculated pleural effusion (black arrow head) and air-bronchogram in the left lung

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Abdomen ultrasonography showing a ganglion with 32 mm at hepatic hilum.

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Two-dimensional echocardiogram in the parasternal long-axis view, demonstrating a large true aneurysm in the left ventricle apex (arrow) in a patient who had a relatively old anteroapical myocardial infarction

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Chest X-ray showing scattered infiltrates in both lungs (blue arrows)

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Chest X-ray.

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CT Image of the splenic cys

ROCOv2_2023_train_055742

Transesophageal echocardiography showing leakage between the stent-post and the sewing ring at the end of surgery. At the end of the operation, about 90 min after protamine administration, the residual leak (red circle), as observed by the zoomed TG LAX view, had almost disappeared.

ROCOv2_2023_train_055454

Lateral subluxation of the hip at 6 weeks.

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Same MVCT scan with rectal volumes from kvCT and MVCT drawn but rectal wall cannot be visualized for delineation.

ROCOv2_2023_train_051734

Coronal reformatted CT scan reveals a lesion (thick white arrow) in the porta hepatis extending caudally till the level of the duodenum with dilated intrahepatic biliary radicles. Also seen is a gallstone within a partially distended gallbladder (thin white arrow)

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Head CT, noncontrast: multiple nodular masses of varying sizes in both parotid glands.

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Modified apical 4-chamber view of TTE shows the bullet without pericardial effusion.

ROCOv2_2023_train_049635

Susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI) acquired at a high-field (7T) MRI. Image resolutions 0.4 × 0.4 × 0.8 mm3. The axial image at the levels of the substantia nigra (SN) level. Images courtesy of Dr. Noam Harel, University of Minnesota.

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Anteroposterior radiograph of the pelvis showed a mild monkey wrench appearance of the femora, elevated greater trochanters, coxa vara, rounded shaped dysplastic capital femoral epiphyses and a horizontally dysplastic acetabulae and a tongue-like projection of the lesser trochanters.

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MRI of the lumbar vertebra taken in November 2010. The decreased mass and the alleviated spinal cord compression.

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CT scan—coronal plane showing large renal cyst with renal calculus.

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CT scan axial view showing bilateral tumours (orange arrows).

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A computed tomography scan of the abdomen showed 12.5×7.8×11.2 cm sized large heterogeneous pelvic mass invading sigmoid colon and uterus.

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The spinoglenoid notch is shown and a cyst (arrow) is visualized in this region (G: Glenoid; H: Humeral head)

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Axial MRI (coronal view).

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Major aortopulmonary collateral arteries (MAPCAs) supply from the abdominal aorta draining into the common long chamber of the pulmonary veins due to sequestration of pulmonary arteries.

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Axial chest CT showing most of the pathology found on the plain radiograph but also bilateral anterior pneumothoraces; large volume anterior pneumopericardium; tube thoracostomies.

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Nyquist ghosting: interleaved h-EPI sequence. Long-axis image acquired with an interleaved h-EPI sequence during a breath-hold. The arrows point to the multiple Nyquist ghosts that spread along the phase-encode direction.

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Cross-table lateral view.

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Stimulated ovary without torsion diagnosed as torsion by MRI. Axial T2 weighted MR image of the pelvis in a 31-year-old woman with abdominal pain and leukocytosis at 5 weeks 6 days gestational age demonstrates marked asymmetric enlargement of the right ovary (arrow) with increased right ovarian stromal signal intensity. Prospective and retrospective MRI diagnosis was ovarian torsion, but further history (not available at the time of image interpretation) revealed known asymmetric enlargement of the right ovary since the time of egg retrieval

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Contrast-enhanced CT image showing massive thrombosis of the right and left pulmonary artery (arrows).

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Arthrogram of the right hip

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Two needle routes: the first route with a red tumor and the entry point A, and the second route longer with a blue tumor and the entry point B.

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The echocardiogram showing the giant aneurysm (asterisk) arising from the right coronary artery and compressing the right atrium (RA).LA: Left atrium; LV: Left ventricle; RV: Right ventricle.

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Coronal view of a computed tomography scan of the abdomen showing widespread vascular calcification (areas of calcification indicated by yellow arrows).

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CT brain with contrast, day 6 in ICU, deteriorating neurologic status

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A fluoroscopic image of a dog in humanoid position during a coughing phase. The left cranial lung lobe (curved solid line) is extruded to the caudal 5th cervical spine (C5). The dog was diagnosed with grade 3 cervical lung herniation. C, cervical vertebrae; R, right; L, left.

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Panoramic radiograph of the patient aged 10 years 5 months showing early formation of a supernumerary tooth in the right mandibular premolar region.