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Marlene Stephanie Williams, MD Women's Cardiovascular Health Center Acute Coronary Care, Acute Coronary Syndrome, Acute Myocardial Infarction, Angina, Atrial Fibrillation, Cardiac Disease, Cardiac Imaging, Cardiology, Cardiomyopathy, Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation, Cardiovascular Disease, Cardiovascular Disease in Women, Cardiovascular Medicine, Cardiovascular Risk Stratification, Chest pain, Clinical Cardiology, Congestive Heart Failure, Coronary Artery Disease, Coronary Care Unit, Critical Care Cardiology, Dyslipidemia, Echocardiography, General Cardiology, Heart Attack, Heart Disease, Heart Disease Prevention and Treatment in Women, High Cholesterol, Hypertension, Non-invasive Imaging, Stress Testing, Transesophogeal Echocardiography, Women's Health Aspirin Resistance; Antiplatelet Therapy; Platelet Function and Genotyping in Acute Coronary Syndrome Languages Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons ( New York NY ) (1992) The Johns Hopkins Hospital/Internal Medicine ( Baltimore MD ) (1995) Mount Sinai Medical Center/Cardiology ( New York NY ) (1998) Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center 4940 Eastern Avenue Baltimore, MD 21224 Appointment Phone: 443-997-0270 Fax: 410-550-1183 Location Map	2014-15/0022/en_head.json.gz/6121	{"url": "http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/profiles/results/directory/profile/0006477/marlene-williams?dbase=main&CLEARPAGECACHE=false&spec_disease=Hypertension&setsize=10&directRef=%2Fdoctors%2Fresults%2Fdirectory%2Fprofile%2F0006477%2Fmarlene%2Dwilliams", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.hopkinsmedicine.org", "date_download": "2014-04-16T07:52:11Z", "digest": "sha1:RZWKKQEPRKXOGEIMBPF56AJSMCN6CRB3"}	{"ccnet_length": [[0, 1221, 1221.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 1221, 3734.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 1221, 8.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 1221, 100.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 1221, 0.72]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 1221, 248.3]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 1221, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 1221, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 1221, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 1221, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 1221, 0.04368932]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 1221, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 1221, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 1221, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 1221, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 1221, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 1221, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 1221, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 1221, 0.03827282]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 1221, 0.04121688]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 1221, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 1221, 0.02427184]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 1221, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 1221, 0.33495146]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 1221, 0.66906475]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 1221, 7.33093525]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 1221, 0.0]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 1221, 4.36724713]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 1221, 139.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 31, 0.0], [31, 68, 0.0], [68, 762, 0.0], [762, 874, 0.0], [874, 952, 0.0], [952, 1021, 0.0], [1021, 1082, 0.0], [1082, 1221, 0.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 31, 0.0], [31, 68, 0.0], [68, 762, 0.0], [762, 874, 0.0], [874, 952, 0.0], [952, 1021, 0.0], [1021, 1082, 0.0], [1082, 1221, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 31, 4.0], [31, 68, 4.0], [68, 762, 73.0], [762, 874, 13.0], [874, 952, 11.0], [952, 1021, 8.0], [1021, 1082, 8.0], [1082, 1221, 18.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 31, 0.0], [31, 68, 0.0], [68, 762, 0.0], [762, 874, 0.0], [874, 952, 0.05633803], [952, 1021, 0.06557377], [1021, 1082, 0.0754717], [1082, 1221, 0.21969697]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 31, 0.0], [31, 68, 0.0], [68, 762, 0.0], [762, 874, 0.0], [874, 952, 0.0], [952, 1021, 0.0], [1021, 1082, 0.0], [1082, 1221, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 31, 0.16129032], [31, 68, 0.10810811], [68, 762, 0.09942363], [762, 874, 0.09821429], [874, 952, 0.11538462], [952, 1021, 0.13043478], [1021, 1082, 0.14754098], [1082, 1221, 0.10791367]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 1221, 0.00201112]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 1221, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 1221, 0.01254672]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 1221, -111.28201697]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 1221, -51.80172684]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 1221, -3.03209548]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 1221, 1.0]], "is_duplicate": true}
Horror Digital Forum (http://www.horrordvds.com/vb3forum/index.php) (http://www.horrordvds.com/vb3forum/forumdisplay.php?f=7) - - Excision (2012) (http://www.horrordvds.com/vb3forum/showthread.php?t=43612) baggio Excision (2012) New movie by a new director, Richard Bates Jr. Stars AnnaLynne McCord, John Waters, Traci Lords, Roger Bart, Marlee Matlin, Malcolm McDowell, etc... Looks way out there. Red Band Trailer: http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature...&v=PejZsi4VqR0 russweiss Looks interesting to me. I'm a fan of Waters and Lords. Myron Breck	2014-15/0022/en_head.json.gz/6122	{"url": "http://www.horrordvds.com/vb3forum/printthread.php?t=43612", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.horrordvds.com", "date_download": "2014-04-16T07:35:51Z", "digest": "sha1:SBHJ72B7L4SHOOAU5X42GVZBAETWOIEP"}	{"ccnet_length": [[0, 548, 548.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 548, 704.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 548, 14.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 548, 24.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 548, 0.56]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 548, 312.3]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 548, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 548, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 548, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 548, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 548, 0.14184397]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 548, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 548, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 548, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 548, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 548, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 548, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 548, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 548, 0.05673759]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 548, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 548, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 548, 0.0070922]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 548, 0.07142857]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 548, 0.41843972]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 548, 0.875]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 548, 7.55357143]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 548, 0.0141844]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 548, 3.8520649]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 548, 56.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 21, 0.0], [21, 68, 0.0], [68, 126, 0.0], [126, 146, 0.0], [146, 206, 0.0], [206, 213, 0.0], [213, 276, 1.0], [276, 378, 1.0], [378, 399, 1.0], [399, 417, 0.0], [417, 471, 0.0], [471, 481, 0.0], [481, 537, 1.0], [537, 548, 0.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 21, 0.0], [21, 68, 0.0], [68, 126, 0.0], [126, 146, 0.0], [146, 206, 0.0], [206, 213, 0.0], [213, 276, 0.0], [276, 378, 0.0], [378, 399, 0.0], [399, 417, 0.0], [417, 471, 0.0], [471, 481, 0.0], [481, 537, 0.0], [537, 548, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 21, 3.0], [21, 68, 1.0], [68, 126, 1.0], [126, 146, 2.0], [146, 206, 1.0], [206, 213, 1.0], [213, 276, 11.0], [276, 378, 14.0], [378, 399, 4.0], [399, 417, 3.0], [417, 471, 1.0], [471, 481, 1.0], [481, 537, 11.0], [537, 548, 2.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 21, 0.0], [21, 68, 0.02777778], [68, 126, 0.04444444], [126, 146, 0.30769231], [146, 206, 0.12765957], [206, 213, 0.0], [213, 276, 0.06896552], [276, 378, 0.0], [378, 399, 0.0], [399, 417, 0.0], [417, 471, 0.04878049], [471, 481, 0.0], [481, 537, 0.0], [537, 548, 0.0]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 21, 0.0], [21, 68, 0.0], [68, 126, 0.0], [126, 146, 0.0], [146, 206, 0.0], [206, 213, 0.0], [213, 276, 0.0], [276, 378, 0.0], [378, 399, 0.0], [399, 417, 0.0], [417, 471, 0.0], [471, 481, 0.0], [481, 537, 0.0], [537, 548, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 21, 0.14285714], [21, 68, 0.0], [68, 126, 0.0], [126, 146, 0.05], [146, 206, 0.0], [206, 213, 0.0], [213, 276, 0.07936508], [276, 378, 0.15686275], [378, 399, 0.04761905], [399, 417, 0.16666667], [417, 471, 0.07407407], [471, 481, 0.0], [481, 537, 0.07142857], [537, 548, 0.18181818]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 548, 5.198e-05]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 548, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 548, 3.338e-05]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 548, -157.01669561]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 548, -74.32836925]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 548, -95.16982579]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 548, 21.0]], "is_duplicate": false}
Yes a horse can win HOTD more than once but just not in the same year. For example, some horses that have been on HC for 4 years have won HOTD 4 times. Allie already won this year so she will not be able to run again for a while. I will try to vote for Allie everyday to help with her goal.	2014-15/0022/en_head.json.gz/6123	{"url": "http://www.horsechannel.com/ReportAbuse.aspx?BlogDtlId=11938907", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.horsechannel.com", "date_download": "2014-04-16T09:38:56Z", "digest": "sha1:23LMNFXB6FFV37A27DSS2H3E2KQC7YLS"}	{"ccnet_length": [[0, 290, 290.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 290, 3751.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 290, 1.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 290, 82.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 290, 0.98]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 290, 211.3]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 290, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 290, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 290, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 290, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 290, 0.58823529]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 290, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 290, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 290, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 290, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 290, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 290, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 290, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 290, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 290, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 290, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 290, 0.05882353]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 290, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 290, 0.10294118]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 290, 0.77777778]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 290, 3.53968254]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 290, 0.0]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 290, 3.80475911]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 290, 63.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 290, 1.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 290, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 290, 63.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 290, 0.00701754]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 290, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 290, 0.05172414]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 290, 0.87286121]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 290, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 290, 2.337e-05]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 290, -3.1474808]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 290, 7.26335379]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 290, -22.08196077]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 290, 4.0]], "is_duplicate": false}
Vic Zast From the perspective of being an owner, an industry pioneer in corporate sponsorship, a track president and fan, Vic Zast writes the "Destinations" column for The Blood-Horse. His five-star ratings of international events have shed light on racing in all corners of the globe - from England, Australia, Hong Kong, Dubai to Japan. Vic is a regular contributor to MSNBC.com, a columnist for the Illinois Racing News and has written on racing for ESPN.com, National Public radio and The Age, Australia's leading daily. Vic makes his home in Chicago and lives in Saratoga Springs in August. Last Words and Actions Wearing on Everyone Four-Four-Four An Odds Morning Plum Pretty on Pink Day Horse Racing on TV a Disappearing Act Lessons in Quit Eclipse Award Make-up Sex Collective Accounting, New Year’s Eve Riding the Third Rail Saturday, October 30, 2010 Stickin’ to It (CHICAGO, IL – October 30, 2010) It’s taken about four weeks for a topic I introduced in a previous HorseRaceInsider.com column to come out from hiding. (http://bit.ly/d7sRzo) Regardless, the case for and against Zenyatta as the Horse of the Year is now in the realm where the big dogs roam. The Daily Racing Form’s Steve Crist, one of two living horse racing writers with a plaque in the Hall of Fame, has chipped in with his take after reading that HRI’s John Pricci and Joe Drape of the New York Times, as well as trainer John Shirreffs, had opinions on this matter also. The vote in the court of supremes was 3 to 1 that the unbeaten mare is assured of the Eclipse Award no matter what happens next Saturday. Crist identified Quality Road, Blame and Lookin at Lucky as potential winners of the Breeders’ Cup Classic that would deny Zenyatta his vote. Suffice it to say, not one of these horses is a horse that anyone outside the sport has ever heard of, and, despite the anticipated national TV audience, will not have heard of next Sunday. Here, then, comes the interesting part. What exactly does Horse of the Year mean? And what good does it bring to the sport’s promotion? To the gamblers who come to this site, it means nothing. To the horse racing fans, it’s a milepost. But to voters, it can mean getting your back up straight and expressing a truth you believe in. Note the emphasis on “truth you believe in.” The truth is that Zenyatta was dismissed from Horse of the Year consideration in 2008 after going unbeaten and winning the Breeders’ Cup Ladies Classic and Curlin, the twice-beaten winner that year, won despite the excuse that he couldn’t run on grass and rubber bands. What Crist, Pricci, Drape, Shirreffs or Zast, for that matter, think is marginally relevant. When decisions like this call for wide-ranging ballots, it’s the voices of the many that register. The upcoming midterm elections will prove that when something is put into people’s minds, no amount of logic will ever change it. So, too, Zenyatta’s fate as Horse of the Year is pre-determined. As my column concluded on October 3 after the Lady’s Secret Stakes, “Win or lose at the Breeders’ Cup, Zenyatta became Horse of the Year by a neck at the wire with a quarter of the year yet to go. As for the long-awaited fate at stake in horse racing’s premium attraction, you can engrave the Horse of the Year title on Zenyatta’s vita.” That’s the truth, as I wrote it, and I’m sticking to it. Vote early and often on Tuesday. Written by Vic Zast Comments (9) Page 1 of 1 pages Link Exchange \| Link Directory \| Privacy Policy Report a bug © Copyright 2007 - 2014 HorseRaceInsider.com \| All rights Reserved	2014-15/0022/en_head.json.gz/6124	{"url": "http://www.horseraceinsider.com/Zasts-FastWords/2010-10-30stickin-to-it/", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.horseraceinsider.com", "date_download": "2014-04-16T07:22:01Z", "digest": "sha1:3Y7DKHMLINWIVRMEOQIBEHW5RS2SAZS6"}	{"ccnet_length": [[0, 3561, 3561.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 3561, 6564.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 3561, 20.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 3561, 156.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 3561, 0.95]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 3561, 297.2]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 3561, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 3561, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 3561, 1.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 3561, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 3561, 0.38212435]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 3561, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 3561, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 3561, 0.01833568]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 3561, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 3561, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 3561, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 3561, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 3561, 0.02115656]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 3561, 0.02221439]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 3561, 0.02961918]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 3561, 0.01295337]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 3561, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 3561, 0.17746114]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 3561, 0.53883495]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 3561, 4.58899676]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 3561, 0.0]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 3561, 5.26324983]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 3561, 618.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 9, 0.0], [9, 339, 1.0], [339, 525, 1.0], [525, 596, 1.0], [596, 619, 0.0], [619, 639, 0.0], [639, 654, 0.0], [654, 670, 0.0], [670, 694, 0.0], [694, 732, 0.0], [732, 748, 0.0], [748, 774, 0.0], [774, 812, 0.0], [812, 834, 0.0], [834, 876, 0.0], [876, 1589, 1.0], [1589, 2057, 1.0], [2057, 2568, 1.0], [2568, 3383, 1.0], [3383, 3561, 0.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 9, 0.0], [9, 339, 0.0], [339, 525, 0.0], [525, 596, 0.0], [596, 619, 0.0], [619, 639, 0.0], [639, 654, 0.0], [654, 670, 0.0], [670, 694, 0.0], [694, 732, 0.0], [732, 748, 0.0], [748, 774, 0.0], [774, 812, 0.0], [812, 834, 0.0], [834, 876, 0.0], [876, 1589, 0.0], [1589, 2057, 0.0], [2057, 2568, 0.0], [2568, 3383, 0.0], [3383, 3561, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 9, 2.0], [9, 339, 52.0], [339, 525, 30.0], [525, 596, 13.0], [596, 619, 4.0], [619, 639, 3.0], [639, 654, 1.0], [654, 670, 3.0], [670, 694, 5.0], [694, 732, 7.0], [732, 748, 3.0], [748, 774, 4.0], [774, 812, 5.0], [812, 834, 4.0], [834, 876, 7.0], [876, 1589, 130.0], [1589, 2057, 82.0], [2057, 2568, 90.0], [2568, 3383, 145.0], [3383, 3561, 28.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 9, 0.0], [9, 339, 0.0], [339, 525, 0.0], [525, 596, 0.0], [596, 619, 0.0], [619, 639, 0.0], [639, 654, 0.0], [654, 670, 0.0], [670, 694, 0.0], [694, 732, 0.0], [732, 748, 0.0], [748, 774, 0.0], [774, 812, 0.0], [812, 834, 0.0], [834, 876, 0.15384615], [876, 1589, 0.0130246], [1589, 2057, 0.0], [2057, 2568, 0.00801603], [2568, 3383, 0.00126743], [3383, 3561, 0.06586826]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 9, 0.0], [9, 339, 0.0], [339, 525, 0.0], [525, 596, 0.0], [596, 619, 0.0], [619, 639, 0.0], [639, 654, 0.0], [654, 670, 0.0], [670, 694, 0.0], [694, 732, 0.0], [732, 748, 0.0], [748, 774, 0.0], [774, 812, 0.0], [812, 834, 0.0], [834, 876, 0.0], [876, 1589, 0.0], [1589, 2057, 0.0], [2057, 2568, 0.0], [2568, 3383, 0.0], [3383, 3561, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 9, 0.22222222], [9, 339, 0.04242424], [339, 525, 0.09677419], [525, 596, 0.07042254], [596, 619, 0.13043478], [619, 639, 0.1], [639, 654, 0.2], [654, 670, 0.1875], [670, 694, 0.16666667], [694, 732, 0.15789474], [732, 748, 0.125], [748, 774, 0.15384615], [774, 812, 0.13157895], [812, 834, 0.13636364], [834, 876, 0.0952381], [876, 1589, 0.06171108], [1589, 2057, 0.04059829], [2057, 2568, 0.02544031], [2568, 3383, 0.0392638], [3383, 3561, 0.1011236]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 3561, 0.22002316]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 3561, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 3561, 0.80935109]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 3561, -244.75304414]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 3561, 27.80145753]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 3561, -160.70904257]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 3561, 32.0]], "is_duplicate": true}
Romania Apartments Bucharest Apartments Studio In The Center Of Bucharest Studio in the Center of Bucharest Reviews Piata Alexandru Lahovari 1A, Bucharest, At a 1st site the building, the neighbours, the elevator and corridors might scare you, but the studio is perfect to stay some days in bucurest. The owner is very nice and friendly, very flexible and helpful. The appartment is clean and has everything you need for a few days and even more. you can cook, wash your clothes, access internet... even without air condition, since it has a fan, even in august, it's ok. very well located to explore the city; the only downsize is the building Great studio with Wi-Fi and everything else you need, perfect location in the heart of the city, and a great host! 23rd Jul 2013 This is a nice studio. Location of the studio is very good (3-4 minutes from metro station and 10 min. from down town by food). House is old and interesting with old elevator. The studio is located in quite silent district, but there are many restaurants and shops in the area, so you will not have any problems if you need to buy something. The host of the flat is very nice young man and could help if needed information about the city. By the way it’s very good value for money. This nice mansarda style studio is a perfect accommodation for brief stays in Bucharest (I’ve been there for 10 days, so, even not so short). The position is very good and the apartment is well equipped (Wi-Fi, TV, stove, bed linens, towels, fan, washing machine). Last but not least, the owner is very helpful and kind! I strongly recommend it. 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All hotels in Clayton, Missouri, United States of America The Ritz-Carlton, St. Louis 100 Carondelet Plaza “Decided to go to St Louis for a last minute long weekend trip. Not your typical "…” “I have enjoyed my stay at one of the best hotel in the area. I will not settle for less.…” Email "The Ritz-Carlton, St. Louis" to a friend You have sent The Ritz-Carlton, St. Louis to: Hotel Bar<	2014-15/0022/en_head.json.gz/6126	{"url": "http://www.hotels.com/hotel/details.html?tab=reviews&destinationId=1423933&destination=Clayton%2C+Missouri%2C+United+States&hotelId=274656&rooms[0].numberOfAdults=2&validate=false&previousDateful=false&reviewOrder=date_newest_first&scoreFilter=5.0", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.hotels.com", "date_download": "2014-04-16T09:59:23Z", "digest": "sha1:M7TWYX24NO2BUWBP4KQRZGD7WCDSSWOH"}	{"ccnet_length": [[0, 388, 388.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 388, 2052.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 388, 8.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 388, 117.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 388, 0.89]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 388, 239.6]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 388, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 388, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 388, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 388, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 388, 0.28723404]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 388, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 388, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 388, 0.15384615]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 388, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 388, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 388, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 388, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 388, 0.09364548]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 388, 0.16053512]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 388, 0.21070234]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 388, 0.0212766]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 388, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 388, 0.23404255]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 388, 0.69014085]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 388, 4.21126761]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 388, 0.0212766]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 388, 3.73193876]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 388, 71.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 58, 0.0], [58, 86, 0.0], [86, 107, 0.0], [107, 192, 1.0], [192, 284, 1.0], [284, 332, 0.0], [332, 378, 0.0], [378, 388, 0.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 58, 0.0], [58, 86, 0.0], [86, 107, 0.0], [107, 192, 0.0], [192, 284, 0.0], [284, 332, 0.0], [332, 378, 0.0], [378, 388, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 58, 9.0], [58, 86, 4.0], [86, 107, 3.0], [107, 192, 17.0], [192, 284, 20.0], [284, 332, 8.0], [332, 378, 8.0], [378, 388, 2.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 58, 0.0], [58, 86, 0.0], [86, 107, 0.15], [107, 192, 0.0], [192, 284, 0.0], [284, 332, 0.0], [332, 378, 0.0], [378, 388, 0.0]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 58, 0.0], [58, 86, 0.0], [86, 107, 0.0], [107, 192, 0.0], [192, 284, 0.0], [284, 332, 0.0], [332, 378, 0.0], [378, 388, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 58, 0.10344828], [58, 86, 0.17857143], [86, 107, 0.0952381], [107, 192, 0.04705882], [192, 284, 0.02173913], [284, 332, 0.125], [332, 378, 0.13043478], [378, 388, 0.2]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 388, 0.00405747]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 388, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 388, 0.00176018]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 388, -18.65388253]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 388, -7.01524309]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 388, -17.56920027]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 388, 7.0]], "is_duplicate": false}
Bristol, Tennessee, United States	2014-15/0022/en_head.json.gz/6127	{"url": "http://www.hotels.com/search/searchmap.html?nr=0&rl=destination%3A1403815%3APROVIDED%3APROVIDED&sr=4%2C5&vt=LIST", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.hotels.com", "date_download": "2014-04-16T10:01:40Z", "digest": "sha1:3HZOSZTLHRF4QVTPNOMKGHID6ISIHNOX"}	{"ccnet_length": [[0, 33, 33.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 33, 1030.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 33, 1.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 33, 56.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 33, 0.61]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 33, 32.8]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 33, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 33, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 33, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 33, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 33, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 33, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 33, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 33, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 33, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 33, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 33, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 33, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 33, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 33, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 33, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 33, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 33, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 33, 0.33333333]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 33, 1.0]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 33, 7.0]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 33, 0.0]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 33, 1.38629436]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 33, 4.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 33, 0.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 33, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 33, 4.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 33, 0.0]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 33, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 33, 0.12121212]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 33, -8.34e-06]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 33, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 33, -1.001e-05]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 33, -1.1249226]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 33, 0.9392499]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 33, 3.9295075]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 33, 1.0]], "is_duplicate": false}
Board index » Housepets! » Fan Projects » Translation Projects New Spanish Translation Previous topic \| Next topic New Spanish Translation Author legendario13 Joined: Sat Jan 14, 2012 11:25 pmPosts: 575Images: 2Location: Guess, and win...mmm..a hug. Re: New Spanish Translation Bravo!Excellent work! I haven't found mistakes lately so I will just...Second strip, the T/A: ...EL "AMÉN"? IERA...and so in the seventh, also the T/A: ...Ahora no nos importa ¿O no?Wouldn't fit better backwards?: ¿O si? I know... I know... details.P.S. Patience is our virtue Gren. "We shall wait for your return" _________________A moment of enlightenment...and it's gone Mon Mar 25, 2013 1:09 am Joined: Tue Mar 20, 2012 10:47 pmPosts: 1077Location: Argentina Notes: Corrected 4th and 9th strip of Macbeth's arc as @legendario suggested.45º Arco: La entrevistaINTERMEDIOS-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------	2014-15/0022/en_head.json.gz/6128	{"url": "http://www.housepetscomic.com/forums/viewtopic.php?p=426643", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.housepetscomic.com", "date_download": "2014-04-16T08:38:38Z", "digest": "sha1:ULQVHEE74QZA5OST7WEFJL4FCC7VNHWM"}	{"ccnet_length": [[0, 1007, 1007.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 1007, 1390.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 1007, 9.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 1007, 22.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 1007, 0.62]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 1007, 334.4]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 1007, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 1007, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 1007, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 1007, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 1007, 0.17326733]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 1007, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 1007, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 1007, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 1007, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 1007, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 1007, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 1007, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 1007, 0.04709576]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 1007, 0.0989011]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 1007, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 1007, 0.07920792]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 1007, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 1007, 0.36138614]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 1007, 0.78571429]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 1007, 5.05555556]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 1007, 0.03960396]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 1007, 4.5006031]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 1007, 126.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 63, 0.0], [63, 87, 0.0], [87, 146, 0.0], [146, 159, 0.0], [159, 250, 1.0], [250, 278, 0.0], [278, 677, 0.0], [677, 741, 0.0], [741, 1007, 0.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 63, 0.0], [63, 87, 0.0], [87, 146, 0.0], [146, 159, 0.0], [159, 250, 0.0], [250, 278, 0.0], [278, 677, 0.0], [677, 741, 0.0], [741, 1007, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 63, 10.0], [63, 87, 3.0], [87, 146, 8.0], [146, 159, 1.0], [159, 250, 13.0], [250, 278, 4.0], [278, 677, 63.0], [677, 741, 9.0], [741, 1007, 15.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 63, 0.0], [63, 87, 0.0], [87, 146, 0.0], [146, 159, 0.16666667], [159, 250, 0.18181818], [250, 278, 0.0], [278, 677, 0.02686567], [677, 741, 0.24137931], [741, 1007, 0.03773585]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 63, 0.0], [63, 87, 0.0], [87, 146, 0.0], [146, 159, 0.0], [159, 250, 0.0], [250, 278, 0.0], [278, 677, 0.0], [677, 741, 0.0], [741, 1007, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 63, 0.0952381], [63, 87, 0.125], [87, 146, 0.10169492], [146, 159, 0.0], [159, 250, 0.07692308], [250, 278, 0.14285714], [278, 677, 0.08270677], [677, 741, 0.09375], [741, 1007, 0.06015038]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 1007, -1.001e-05]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 1007, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 1007, 1.633e-05]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 1007, -107.44357381]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 1007, -67.68905041]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 1007, -101.72678011]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 1007, 23.0]], "is_duplicate": false}
Houston DWI Lawyer \| DWI Defense in Houston, TX Herman Martinez News & updates on Criminal Law in Houston, Texas Home > DWI > Posted on August 15, 2013 by Herman Martinez How A First Time DWI Becomes A Felony? A Driving While Intoxicated (DWI) becomes a felony offense in Texas if there is a child in the car at the time of the arrest. Recently, a Montgomery County grand jury indicted a New Caney man on charges that he was intoxicated behind the wheel with five children in his vehicle.” The 39-year-old driver was pulled over for erratic driving in a parking lot on March 16. The DWI charge was raised to a felony because he was driving with five children ranging from ages 4 to 13. According to the Texas Penal Code, when the operator of a motor vehicle in a public place is determined to have a .08 blood alcohol level or higher and has a 14-year-old or younger passenger in the vehicle, the offense is considered a state jail felony. See section 49.045:http://www.statutes.legis.state.tx.us/Docs/PE/htm/PE.49.htm A DWI is normally considered a misdemeanor offense, but when a child passenger is involved the felony penalty carries a possible state prison sentence from 180 days- two years and a fine up to $10,000. The DWI charge can be further complicated by charges of child endangerment which could cause authorities to involve the Texas Department of Family and Protective Services. In some cases the child or children could be removed from the parents’ or guardian’s custody. Following a DWI arrest and charges of this magnitude, the best course of action is to secure experienced, reliable representation immediately. I will protect your rights and help you navigate the criminal justice system. Contact my firm at 713-242-1779 as soon as possible so I can analyze all aspects of your case and create a defense that will afford you the best possible outcome. Tags: DWI, Defending ad DWI with child passenger, Felony DWI Posted on July 18, 2013 by Herman Martinez Defending An Intoxication Manslaughter Case A recent vehicular homicide case from New Orleans demonstrates how important it is to enlist the services of expert lawyers in any situation involving driving while intoxicated. In Houston, Harris County, Texas we call this intoxication manslaughter. the case seemed cut and dry. In 2009, a man who was driving while intoxicated hit a pedestrian and killed him during the Mardi Gras festivities. Initially, the jury convicted the man of vehicular homicide, and he was sentenced to five years in prison. His attorneys, however, recently succeeded in appealing the conviction. And while the case isn't over yet, as prosecutors move to challenge the appeal, it does show that the evidence brought by the state needs to be airtight and demonstrate conclusively that a defendant committed a particular crime. A key part of the defense attorneys' arguments rested on the fact that the prosecution couldn't demonstrate, beyond a reasonable doubt, that the defendant's intoxication actually caused the accident. Though he may have been intoxicated when he hit the pedestrian, a non-intoxicated driver might have done the same under the circumstances. They argued that the pedestrian had suddenly stepped out onto the street in such a way that even someone who wasn't driving drunk would not have been able to react quickly enough to stop the car in time, particularly because it was dark outside. The prosecution also couldn't prove that the defendant was speeding or otherwise driving unstably. Another issue raised by the defense points to a weakness in how police collected evidence in the case. They drew blood from the defendant the night of the accident, but didn't send the blood to a lab to be processed in a timely manner. In any instance when police arrest someone for driving while intoxicated, it's important that they follow all protocols; otherwise, the case against the defendant may rest on shakier grounds. In spite of how clear cut a case may seem, there may always be weaknesses in the arguments brought against a defendant and possible mistakes or misconduct in the actions of the state. Every case requires careful review. If you are searching for a lawyer that handles Intoxication Manslaughter cases please do not hesitate to contact me at 713-242-1779. How to hire a DWI lawyer? Tags: DWI, Intoxication Assault, Intoxication Lawyer, Intoxication Manslaughter Posted on July 4, 2013 by Herman Martinez DWI Warning: Don't let July 4th Fireworks Cloud Your Judgement! I know that you are proud of the country that you live in and want to celebrate on the upcoming July 4th holiday. But as you celebrate, be aware that the Texas Department of Public Safety will be watching you as you watch the fireworks overhead. The Texas Department of Public Safety (DPS) will be increasing its patrols and will be directing its focus on alcohol related driving violations. According to TxDOT, the holiday weekend that includes Independence Day is one of the deadliest of the year as a result of alcohol related crashes. To insure the public's safety, state troopers as well as local law enforcement will be cracking down on those drivers in violation of Texas DWI laws. In 2012, the ten day crack down resulted in over 1200 alcohol related arrests with additional citations being written for speeding, seat belts, and various other infractions. I love celebrating this holiday, as most Americans do. But one single bad decision can be life changing, so use caution as you celebrate. If you are attending a celebration away from home, pre-arrange sober transportation. Either designate a sober driver or plan access to public transportation or taxis. Have the phone number in your phone or accessible to you. If you are hosting a celebration, have those same numbers available and gather guest car keys when they arrive. Being a 'party pooper' could save lives. Never get in a car with an intoxicated driver. By putting your life at risk with an intoxicated driver, you are also enforcing his/her belief in their ability to drive. And remember, its not just your life at risk, it is the life of everyone else on the roadways. Consider your passengers. If you are driving the family home from a celebration, consider the young passengers that are not old enough to dissent. Also, any intoxicated passengers may not be in the position to make rational decisions pertaining to their own safety. In the ten day period from June 28 to July 7, DPS will be doing their best to assure your safety. So celebrate safely and wisely. Those lights behind you should be fireworks.....not those on a patrol car. Tags: 4th of July, DWI, DWI during Holiday Erin Brockovich Faces Boating-Related DWI Charges "Brockovich, played by Julia Roberts in the movie "Erin Brockovich," was discovered to have had more than twice the legal .08 blood alcohol limit after she had trouble docking her boat on Lake Mead near Las Vegas, authorities said," -- Daily News, 6/9/2013. Portrayed by Julia Roberts in the Oscar-winning movie of the same name, Erin Brockovich is now a household name. No longer a file clerk spearheading the solo investigation which eventually resulted in one of the largest toxic tort injury settlements in U.S. history, Ms. Brockovich is an established author, speaker, and television host. Unfortunately, despite her compelling life story and phenomenal successes, Ms. Brockovich suffered quite a blow last Friday. She was arrested while boating on Lake Mead near Las Vegas after officials noticed she was struggling with what should be a very simple docking maneuver. In fact, Ms. Brockovich's blood alcohol level was reported to be more than twice the legal limit of .08. Though released on a $1000 bond, this will not be the end of her ordeal. Many people mistakenly neglect to realize that the same DWI laws that apply to operating a motor vehicle on land, also apply to operating a boat on the water. Many people this summer will enjoy drinking with friends while enjoying a boat ride, but must always remember to be sure that only a designated, non-drinking operator will be at the controls. Tags: Boating While Intoxicated, DWI, Erin Brockovich Posted on June 24, 2013 by Herman Martinez Intoxication Manslaughter Charges Filed after DWI Results in Officer's Death When a DWI case involves a death, an individual can sometimes face charges of intoxication manslaughter. That’s the case with a man who allegedly caused a recent accident, which resulted in the death of a Harris County sheriff’s deputy. That suspect now faces second degree felony charges that could result in a prison term of between two and twenty years. The accident happened on May 19, when a vehicle driven by Andres Munos-Munos collided with the personal vehicle of Sgt. Dwayne Polk, a deputy with more than 16 years of experience. According to police, Munos-Munos ran a red light at the intersection of North Shepherd and Little York, thereby colliding with Polk’s vehicle. Investigators claim there were no skid marks that indicated Munos-Munos even attempted to stop before the collision happened. Polk was pronounced dead at the scene of the accident. Meanwhile, Munos-Munos was apprehended and taken to Ben Taub hospital for treatment. While there, a mandatory blood draw was also administered. The results of that test indicated the man was intoxicated, and he was taken into custody upon being released from the medical facility. An investigation into the incident revealed that Munos-Munos had entered this country illegally. It also showed a prior arrest for DWI in June 2012. In addition to his intoxication manslaughter charges, Munos-Munos was also charged by police for carrying a weapon illegally. Intoxication manslaughter charges are serious, and should only be handled by an attorney who specializes in DWI defense. If you or someone you know is facing these charges, you may contact my law office for a consultation on defending these charges. Tags: Criminal Law, DWI, DWI Accident, Intoxication Manslaughter Some Drivers Charged With Drunk Driving May Get a Reprieve I have always maintained that field sobriety tests were flawed. According to a recent Houston Chronicle report, more than 1,200 DWI arrests may have been conducted either using a machine that was not maintained correctly or by an officer who was not qualified to operate testing equipment. Oftentimes, when a driver is charged with drunk driving it is because they failed a breathalyzer test or a roadside field sobriety test. But, when the equipment is being operated by someone who is unqualified, or using faulty equipment, the test results may be worthless. Police officers who stop you may have been monitoring your driving for a block or two before the. They may have been checking for speeding or any other action that appears erratic. When you have had a drink or two before driving, you may be feeling very self-conscious but this doesn’t mean you need to panic. After all, most people are very responsible about driving and chances are you have done nothing wrong. I always warn drivers to be careful about responding to questions when they are stopped in traffic. Remember, pay attention to and answer the officer’s questions and provide them with your license and registration when they request it. I strongly recommend you not submit to a field sobriety test or a breathalyzer test. The fact there is now proof these tests may be flawed or the operators are not qualified to administer these tests is another valid reason to follow this advice. With more than 1,200 driver’s potentially being exonerated because of faulty equipment or unqualified operators, it’s a good time for me to remind you to avoid taking these tests. Remember, summer is the time when more people are stopped for DWI charges. It’s important you know your rights. Tags: DWI, Drunk Driving, Field Sobriety Tests, Houston DWI, what defenses are available for drunk driving? Posted on June 3, 2013 by Herman Martinez Randy Travis Sues to Prevent Release of Drunk Driving Video While drunk driving arrests are usually recorded on camera, most of the time nobody is particularly interested in seeing the video footage. When you’re a celebrity, things are a little different--especially if you happen to be wearing your birthday suit at the time of your arrest. Just ask country music star Randy Travis, who was found naked on the side of a North Texas road and arrested for driving while intoxicated after he wrecked his Trans Am last August. I'm not sure that everyone is necessarily clamoring to see footage of a drunk, naked Randy Travis. But people do seem to have a strange fascination with the ordeals of the rich and famous, and the media knows it. As this article explains, originally the presiding judge in the case granted the defense’s request to block release of the video to the public. The judge even issued a ruling ordering that it be destroyed. However, media groups have requested the patrol car video along with other information about the arrest, and the attorney general’s office has ruled that some of this information should be released under the public information act and that the judge didn't have discretion to withhold the video. Now Travis has taken matters into his own hands, filing a lawsuit against the Texas Department of Public Safety and the Texas attorney general’s office in an attempt to prevent the video’s release. Travis is asking for $100,000 and a declaratory judgment that no information requested about his arrest will be released. Travis pleaded guilty in January to driving while intoxicated and was sentenced to two years' probation, a $2,000 fine and a 180-day suspended jail sentence. He was also ordered to spend at least 30 days at an alcohol treatment facility, complete 100 hours of community service and use an ignition interlock device (IID) during his probation. There are many lessons here. The first and most obvious is that you should never drink and drive while intoxicated. You should definitely not drive drunk if you’re famous. If you’re rich, maybe think about paying someone to drive you around. And finally, always wear clothes--you never know when you’ll end up on camera. Tags: Criminal Law, DWI, Drunk Driving, Police Posted on November 16, 2011 by Herman Martinez Harris County DWI Jury Delivers A Not Guilty Verdict I had the pleasure of representing someone in aDWI trial last week in Harris County, Texas. The young woman had her mother and father supporting her throughout the entire process. They even took two days off from their jobs to support her during her trial. I was grateful to have them there It certainly helps a jury to see a defendant's family members behind us during trial. In this instance, the jury provided her father with a memorable 60th birthday present. A NOT GUILTY verdict. If you seek the help of a DWI Lawyer Lawyer please do not hesitate to contact me at (713) 242-1779. Tags: DWI, Harris County DWI, How to hire a DWI lawyer, Winning DWI Trial Posted on October 26, 2011 by Herman Martinez Frequently Asked Questions about Texas DWI Texas DWI laws are vigorously enforced and the local police departments as well as the prosecutors are tough on people who drink and drive. The allowed legal limit of alcohol content in Texas is less than 0.08%. Anyone having an alcohol concentration of 0.08 or more may be charged with DWI. When it comes to dealing with a DWI charge in Harris County, Texas, a lot of issues have to be looked at. Some common questions concerning Texas DWI laws have been answered below: What is the difference between DUI and DWI in Texas? According to Texas, DWI or Driving While Intoxicated not only refers to intoxication by alcohol, but it also includes intoxication through other drugs and controlled substances or their combination. On the other hand, DUI or Driving Under the Influence is a term which is used for offenses that involve minors. This means that anyone under the age of twenty-one operating a vehicle in public place under the influence of alcohol or any other controlled substance or drug may be charged with DUI. What should you do if you have been stopped by the police as a drunk driving suspect? First of all, if you have been driving after having a couple of drinks and the police stops you to ask questions regarding drinking, do not panic. The officer will initially ask you to provide your drivers license and valid insurance when stopped, and you should know where to find them when you are driving. The officer will then try to engage you in a conversation to see if you are okay to drive. If you have had a drink or two before driving, and the officer smells alcohol on your breath, he will most likely ask you if you have been drinking and how many drinks have you had. Informing the officer that you have had one or two drinks is alright. While answering questions, make sure you stay focused, courteous and respectful at all times. As an American citizen, you have the right to drink responsibly, and if the conversation goes smoothly, you do not have anything to worry about. However, it is important that you listen to the questions asked by the police officer and answer them accordingly. What signs of intoxication will the police officer look for? When someone is stopped on the roadside for signs of intoxication, the police officers try to look for symptoms of impairment. These symptoms include signs like flushed face, bloodshot or red, watery eyes, slurred speech, fumbling around when trying to look for the license, failure to comprehend and answer the officer’s questions properly etc. If the officer identifies any of these symptoms, he will ask you to step out of the vehicle to see other signs of intoxication such as being unsteady on your feet, swaying while standing and leaning against the car for support. Please keep in mind that not all of these signs are recognized signs of intoxication and may be clues of other things like being tired from a long day or allergies. Should you contact a lawyer when you are stopped for a DWI investigation? If you are a Harris, County Texas resident, you should know that Texas law does not provide the right to an attorney initially to persons stopped for DWI. In fact, the right to speak to an attorney is not entitled to any person stopped and investigated for DWI until the initial investigation on the street is complete and you are taken to jail. Nevertheless, nothing stops someone from calling a lawyer while being stopped by a police officer. What should you do if you are asked to submit to FSTs or a blood, breath or urine test? As a DWI suspect, you have to know that the police will want to make their case against you stronger, and they will ask you to submit to Field Sobriety Tests, breath or blood tests. Taking the Field Sobriety Tests is not a good idea as they are designed in such a way that even people that have not been drinking can end up failing them. You can respectfully decline if the officer asks you to submit Field Sobriety Tests. You also do not need to submit to any road side breath tests as the machines used at the roadside are unreliable, inaccurate, and inadmissible in a court of law to prove intoxication. I realize that this post is too late for someone that has been arrested for DWI in Harris, County, Texas, but it may be useful for those that have questions after their arrest. If you would like to talk to an attorney that is experienced with the court system please contact me at (713) 242-1779. Most of my clients have never been arrested for DWI. Tags: DWI, DWI Charge, Harris County, Texas Drunk Driving, Steps to take before hiring a DWI lawyer Consequences of Missing Your DWI Court Date If you have been arrested for DWI in Harris County, Texas you are probably feeling tremendous stress, fear, and embarrassment. It is likely you just want the situation to go away, and with good reason as it is mentally traumatic to be labeled a criminal and to have to face a prosecutor and judge who will decide your fate. Unfortunately, there are people who can not handle the stress of a drunk driving charge and decide to flee the situation and not appear for court, hoping they can avoid any jail time or other penalties. The judicial system has established penalties specifically for these types of situations, and you may be well advised to know what you may face if you run. Missing Court Dates Hiring a lawyer with the experience of helping people lessen their penalties and fines should always be the first and most logical step for any one arrested for DWI. People need as much help as they can get in a situation like this and an experienced attorney is money well spent. Regardless, your attorney will not be able to handle everything without you being present for court dates. If you were arrested for DWI, then you must be present for every single court proceeding, whether you have a lawyer or not unless your attorney gets the court to waive your appearance which is not done with regularity in Harris County, Texas. If you do not appear for your court date, the judge hearing your case will revoke your bond and issue a warrant for your arrest. It does not matter why you missed court. The good news is that it may be possible to have your case reinstated with or without costs. You may also make a non arrest bond in order to avoid being picked up by local law enforcement. However, the best course of action is to comply with the court's requests and appear in court as instructed. The Consequences of Failing To Appear Becoming a Fugitive Most Courts are very serious about punishing DWI offenders. For this reason, missing one or more court dates carry strong consequences to drive home the point that this is no small matter and must be taken seriously. A person can be found in contempt of court and receive a large fine. Alternatively, a high bail may be set, which you cannot afford. In this case, you would stay in jail for as long as it takes your charges to be disposed. Finally, if you are arrested outside of the state that has issued the warrant, then you may face extradition. Extradition can be a very long process that will again leave you incarcerated for an extended period of time until you have been transferred to the warrant issuing state and had a hearing in that state to have that warrant lifted. The bottom line is that anyone who has been arrested for a DWI should immediately seek out a professional drunk driving attorney. The court system and the ensuing penalties can be overwhelming to a person unfamiliar with the law. Getting a qualified attorney on your side and following their instructions throughout your entire DWI process will put you in the best possible position to reduce your penalties and make sure that you are in compliance with all of the court's requests. If you need the help of an attorney please call me at (713) 242-1779. Tags: Bonding, DWI, Houston Drunk Driving Attorney, drunk driving arrest, hiring a lawyer after a dwi How a DWI Conviction in Texas Affects Your Auto Insurance? If you are charged and convicted of DWI, DUI or driving under the influence, it will not only affect your personal and professional life, but your auto insurance policy will also get affected. DWI or driving while intoxicated in Texas has several consequences. Apart from fines and possible jail time, you can expect your automobile insurance rates to go up after a DWI conviction in the state of Texas. In some cases, your insurance provider may simply cancel your policy altogether. This can be a huge problem as finding a new insurance provider on affordable rats will become next to impossible for you. First of all, when your insurance provider finds out about your DWI conviction, your insurance premiums will be raised by placing you in the higher risk category. This category marks you as a “high-risk driver” and insurance companies consider people involved in accidents, especially recently, to fall in this category. High risk drivers have to pay sky high insurance premiums, and other companies may not issue you an insurance policy at all. This rise in the insurance premium is not the only risk you will have to face after a DWI conviction. The state of Texas, along with several other states, require that your insurance company provide the state DMV (Department of Motor Vehicles) an SR-22 proof of insurance. This proof of insurance is required by law before any suspension related to your DWI can be lifted. The problem with providing an SR-22 policy is that most insurance providers do not provide it. If your insurer is one of those, you will have to have your insurance policy cancelled and replace the existing auto insurance policy with a new one. Finding a new affordable insurance provider at this time will not be an easy task, especially one which also provides an SR-22 proof of insurance. Your new insurance provider will obtain a record of all your traffic violations before issuing your new policy, and this will most likely include your DWI conviction. When they find out about the drunk driving conviction, you might still be able to get an insurance policy, but you will end up paying very high premiums. Your first priority after a DWI charge should be to get in touch with a professional DWI lawyer in Texas who has experience handling all matters related to DWI defense. Your lawyer will represent you in the ALR (Administrative License Revocation) proceeding, as well as in the criminal hearings of your case. He will fight to reduce your charges to a minimum, if any, or have them removed completely by proving you not guilty in court. Once a DWI charge becomes a DWI conviction, by proving you guilty in court, it adds a permanent mark on your criminal record. Hiring a good lawyer at the right time will save you all the trouble you will be going through later on. If you need to talk to a lawyer please do not hesitate to contact me, Herman Martinez, at (713) 242-1779. Tags: DWI, DWI Lawyer Houston, Houston DUI Lawyer Posted on March 28, 2011 by Herman Martinez Do Not Get Mad With The Messenger Here is a scenario that never fails to upset people. It goes like this...Mr. X who is on probation for a felony gets arrested for a misdemeanor like DWI. X and his family is desperate for him to get out of jail so they bond him out of jail. Mr. X calls my office looking for a lawyer. Once I find out that he is on probation I mention the likelihood that the felony court will be filing a motion to revoke his probation and he will need to make a second bond once the motion is filed . This is when the conversation starts going downhill. Mr. X begins to question my comment. He does not understand why if he is on felony probation a misdemeanor charge will cause him to make another bond especially if he is innocent of the new charges. Despite trying to comfort him by telling him that he is presumed to be innocent of the DWI he does not understand why a court will try to revoke his probation. There are several things at play. While Mr. X made the bond for his new arrest he will be forced to make a new bond for his felony because that court believes he has violated his probation terms. A common term of probation is that there will be no alcohol consumption. Also, a probationer is not allowed to commit any crimes while on probation. The catch in Harris County Texas is that when a court believes a probationer has violated their probation they not only issue a warrant for the person's arrest, but they set their bond at zero. Thus, a person must be arrested for the probation violation and then an attorney may request a bond from the felony court when the person is police custody. One other thing, just because someone makes a bond on their new case it does not guarantee that the judge will set a bond on the probation violation. For a recent example of this happening please click here. In the future, please understand that I do not set the rules I am only informing you of all the consequences that are about to your particular situation. If you need the help of a Houston Lawyer please contact me at 713-242-1779. Tags: Avoiding, Bonding, DWI, Harris County, , Houston Probation, Probation, Violation", jail, time, with Posted on December 22, 2010 by Herman Martinez New Texas DWI Crime Unlikely It looks like the proposed DWI law (Driving While Impaired) is unlikely to make it very far. I had mentioned all the potential legal consequences associated with the proposal in an earlier blog. Texas State Senator Whitemire calls it a form of prohibition. Most telling, it is not part of the Mothers Against Drunk Drivers (MADD) legislative agenda. While MADD will not go as far as stating that they oppose it they are clear that they do not support the proposal. Perhaps, MADD members are more human than I thought and do enjoy a drink with their dinner. If you need the help of a lawyer, Texas area please contact me at 713-242-1779 or click here. Tags: DWI, DWI Law, DWI Lawyer Houston Posted on December 2, 2010 by Herman Martinez Are You Going to Trust The DWI Breath Machine? There are many reasons not to trust the alcohol breath test machine that is used by the Government. For starters. it really does not test for alcohol. What it is really testing for is a chemical compound that contains the methyl group in its molecular structure. This includes many common things we eat like bread. Sounds unfair huh? Also, it discriminates against woman. In other words, if a woman and man drink the same amount and weigh the same the machine will register the woman with a higher reading. Also, in Houston, Harris County, Texas there was a case where a supervisor of several machines was convicted of tampering with them Even more recently, an Arizona police officer that was in charge of the machine has been suspended for falsifying the records that accompanied the machine. It is no wonder that more and more people are skeptical of providing a breath sample when requested of them. Tags: County, DWI, Harris, Houston, DWI, breathalyzer Who Says I Can Not Have a Drink And Drive In Texas? Whenever I am picking a jury for a DWI case I always ask the question concerning how many people think that someone should not drink at all if they get behind the wheel of vehicle. Without fail I can count on one brave person to publicly admit that despite knowing the law they feel that a person should not drive despite having a drink. They understand that is only against the law for person to drive while intoxicated, but this is their personal opinion. The reason I call this person "brave" is because it is difficult to share such a conservative point of view and it typically leads to other people agreeing with the first person that shares this position. Despite representing people that are accused of driving while intoxicated am not naive enough to think that someone else in in the jury panel shares this position. Interestingly, the Austin, Texas police chief, Art Acevedo, agrees with this position to an extent. He is trying to make drinking and driving a crime. He is pushing for a new crime of driving while ability impaired (DWAI). His goal is to make anyone that blows under the legal limit for driving while intoxicated that is currently .08, but between the limits of .05 and .07 a jailable offense. What I find curious about his position is that he does not propose a penalty for the crime. Is he suggesting that this crime be a class "B" or a "C"misdemeanor? I bet his goal is to make DWAI a class "B" which is the same as a first offense for driving while intoxicated. I find it more likely that his goal is to increase the punishment for a first time charge of driving while intoxicated to a class "A" misdemeanor. If this is the case, I would imagine he would also want a second charge to be increased to a state jail felony from the current class "A" misdemeanor level . Currently, the only state felony charge associated with a DWI is one where there is a child passenger. If Acevedo's proposal is made law it would make it illegal for most people to have a drink and drive in Texas. Is that what most people want to see in our State? If you would like to talk to a lawyer about your Harris County, Texas DWI case please call our office at (713) 242-1779. Tags: Art Acevedo, DWI, Houston DWI, Who should I call about a driving while intoxicated Harris County Posted on September 16, 2010 by Herman Martinez Coming soon...Harris County, Texas DWI No Refusal Weekend Going Full Time Harris County DWI gold mine? Starting next month Harris County, Texas will be subject to a "DWI No Refusal Weekend" every weekend instead of just on special or designated weekends, typically holiday weekends. I can not say this is a surprise considering how often the Harris County District Attorney's Office uses this propaganda to scare the public. I have previously discussed what I think about the "No Refusal Weekends" here. Nevertheless, Harris County residents should prepare themselves for this since the program is due to be around for the next three years. The county received a Federal Grant to have the program running full time. if you need help with your DWI case please contact me at 713-242-1779. Tags: DWI, Harris County DWI, Harris County DWI Lawyer, Harris County District Attorney's Office, Houston DWI, What is a No Refusal Weekend Posted on August 12, 2010 by Herman Martinez Why is the Harris County probation department telling clients their driver's license is suspended after a DWI? As a DWI lawyer I would never offer accounting advice to anyone since I am not a CPA. Why do people think they can give legal advice when they are not a lawyer? What is even worse then a non lawyer giving advice is when they give wrong advice. For some reason the Harris County Probation Department thinks they can give legal opinions despite the fact they are not lawyers. On more than one occasion this month they have scared my clients into thinking that they will be arrested for driving while their license is suspended after their DWI arrest. I imagine that the person dispensing this advice did not bother to actually run my client's driver's license to see that it has not been suspended. The probation department fails to realize is that it takes several months to get a "ALR" hearing in Harris County, Texas where it will be decided if a person's driver's license will be suspended after their DWI arrest Most importantly, they fail to realize that it is more likely that their license will not be suspended after the hearing. If you need the help with your probation please call me at 713-242-1779. Tags: DWI, DWI Probation, Help with Harris County, Texas DWI Arrest, Houston DWI Harris County, Texas DWI Initiative Just A Baby Step Adrian Garcia, Harris County, Texas Sheriff, is developing a DWI initiative with the sole intention of dethroning Houston, Harris County, Texas from the top spot of alcohol related fatalities or at the very least curb as much as possible these type of fatalities. While I applaud the Sheriff's efforts the public needs to realize a couple of things. Our county decision makers are partly to blame for this dilemma. Our decision makers have neglected to put in place public transportation throughout the years. Our public transportation system is laughable when you compare it to similar counties like New York (Manhattan) and Cook (Chicago). I have vacationed in both cities recently and have never needed to rent a car to get around each of these cities. Would anyone even think of doing the same in Houston, Harris County? We have and will continue to have a huge reliance on revenue from the oil and gas industry. Thus, our county official decisions reflect that by building more roads for our citizens to drive instead of investing in a public transportation system. With more roads come more cars and with more cars come more accidents and with more accidents come more fatalities. If Harris County officials truly wish to lower the amount of alcohol related fatalities it needs to raise our public transportation system from laughable to serviceable. If you would like to speak to a lawyer please contact us at 713-242-1779. Tags: DWI, DWI intiative, Harris County DWI Lawyer, Harris County Sherriff, Houston DWI A Humble, Texas DWI Arrest As a Houston DWI lawyer I have come across a few memorable DWI videos during my time, but I have never come across one where the police officer leaves the decision to arrest someone to chance. That is exactly what a Humble, Texas police officer decided to do in a drunk driving case that I was representing recently. The short version of this incident is that the officer, after stopping my client for a traffic violation states on video that if my client's girlfriend answers his phone call and comes to the scene to pick him up he will not arrest him for DWI. The catch of course, is that if she does not answer the phone he will be booked for DWI. Unfortunately luck was not on his side that night. His girlfriend failed to answer his call. Meanwhile, the officer neglects to have my client perform any field sobriety tests to actually determine if he is intoxicated before arresting him. This is comparable to flipping a coin before deciding to arrest someone. Once I brought these facts to the prosecutor's attention she could not believe this was the case. After viewing the video for herself she was equally astonished and eventually dismissed the case. My concern is that this officer is not going to be reprimanded or told that his actions were improper. Is this really how the Humble,Texas police are going to decide how to arrest someone for DWI? Has anyone come across an officer claiming to release someone to a friend or family member based on a chance phone call, or was this an isolated incident? For more information regarding hiring an attorney please visit our website at: http://www.martinezlawhouston.com. Tags: DWI, DWI arrest, Houston DWI Lawyer, Houston Drunk Driving, Humble DWI, Police No Car After Your Houston DWI Arrest in Harris County, Texas...No Problem! Frequently, after a drunk driving arrest in Houston a person may not have access to their vehicle because it was involved in an accident. In the past, this caused some complications in the Harris County courts because most Houston criminal court judges required an interlock machine to be placed in the accused's vehicle despite the likelihood that the vehicle is sitting in a body shop somewhere. Further, the judge would require the accused to get the interlock for any vehicle that they would have access to drive, be it a rental car or a shared spouse's car. When the accused states that they will not have access to any other vehicle other than the one involved in the accident the court becomes skeptical since this would make it very difficult for most people to get around Houston. Therefore, the Court normally requires the accused to sign an affidavit that states they will not drive during their time on bond or the court will make the accused get the expensive SCRAM device (over $400 a month). Now, there is a third and better option available. The accused may be afforded the opportunity to use an interlock device at home. With this new interlock machine the judge's fears are put to rest and the accused may forego the costly expense of the SCRAM. Visit the firm's website for more information: http://www.attorneydwi.net. Tags: DWI, Houston Criminal Court Judge, Houston Drunk Driving, Scram Posted on March 2, 2010 by Herman Martinez How About A Different Track For Houston DWI Cases? It seems like the Harris County District Attorney's Office is not budging from the second court date DIVERT decision put in place last month. This decision requires that anyone wishing to enter the DIVERT program must make that decision by their second court date. Unlike other misdemeanor charges this seems inconsistent in respect of how quickly a decision needs to be made. In response, the Harris County, Texas misdemeanor judges should recognize the unfairness of this policy and allow these cases to proceed down a different track than the other cases that are heard in their courts. While this has worked well for several years the new DIVERT program throws things off because it is unlikely that an attorney that is handling a DWI case that is eligible for the program is able to make a full assessment before the second court date. In a perfect world the ALR hearing would be concluded, the video would be reviewed, testifying experts will give their input, the offense reports will be completed and will be in the possession of the lawyer handling the case. A two week reset does not come close to allowing all of this to occur because of the time constraints. I would suggest that cases that are deemed to be DIVERT eligible be given a forty five day reset time frame from their initial court date appearance so most of the preliminary investigation can be accomplished and all parties may make an informed decision before proceeding. Tags: DIVERT, DWI, Harris County District Attorney's Office, Houston DWI, Houston DWI Attorney, Houston DWI Court, Houston DWI Lawyer Posted on February 23, 2010 by Herman Martinez All Potential Houston DWI DIVERT Candidates Should Get PR Bonds One of the requirements of the Harris County District Attorney's Office for anyone arrested for drunk driving or DWI to be considered for the DIVERT program is that they do not have any prior incidents with law enforcement. This is the initial consideration for anyone that is going to enter the DIVERT program. When a person is arrested for any crime in Harris County, Texas an appropriate bond is to be assigned. Typically, a first offender's bond for a DWI in Houston, Harris County will be $500. I have noticed lately that more personal recognizance bonds are being given for first time offenders. This should be the rule instead of the exception for anyone that is a candidate for DIVERT in Harris County, Texas. Some may say that if someone can not make a $500 bond they will not be able to pay for all the fees associated with the program. Nonetheless, Judge Roger Bridgwater indicated at the initial DIVERT meeting with the defense bar that there would be a sliding scale for those that could not afford all the fees for the DIVERT program. Granting a PR bond would offset the future costs for the person, allow them to be on bond while going through the DIVERT process and not have someone incarcerated for something that is going to take months to resolve. Visit the firms website for more information: http://www.attorneydwi.net. Tags: DIVERT, DIVERT Program, DWI, Drunk Driving, Harris County District Attorney's Office, Houston DWI Houston Drunk Driving (DWI) Acronyms As a DWI lawyer I need to be familar with a DWI police report. A report made by a police officer will contain several acronyms that are unfamiliar to the general public. Here are some examples: The officer will write that the person had a "SOAB". That means that they smelled a strong odor of alcohol emitting from a person's breath. "RBSE" means that the person had red blood shot eyes. The report could also state that the person did a "FSTS". This is field sobriety tests that consist of the "HGN", horizontal gaze nystagmus, the "W&T", walk and turn and the OLS, one leg stand. Being familar with these acronyms allow you and your attorney properly discuss your drunk driving arrest. Tags: "Houston, DWI, Houston DWI, Houston DWI Lawyer, Houston DWI Report, Lawyer, drunk driving lawyer Help Me Get A Non Disclosure For My Drunk Driving Deferred Adjudication in Houston! I have had a few calls regarding the title of this blog recently and so I want to address the issue here. If you have been convicted with drunk driving, DWI or DUI in the state of Texas in the last ten years even though you believe that you received a deferred adjudication you did not. While it seems hard to believe that you could receive a deferred adjudication for something as serious as sexual assault, a DWI charge is one of the handful of crimes that this is specifically not eligible for deferred adjudication. Therefore, your driving while intoxicated (DWI) case is not eligible for a motion for non disclosure (allowing the sealing of your criminal history) because it was never a deferred adjudication. Si udsted dese limpiar su record en Houston oprima aqui or llama ha (713) 242-1779 para un abogado en Houston que le puede ayudar. Tags: DWI, Houston DWI, Houston DWI Attorney, Houston DWI Lawyer, Houston abogado, clearing my record, limpiar mi record criminal Posted on February 7, 2010 by Herman Martinez Get A Ride To Avoid A Drunk Driving Charge In Houston Houston has a lot of great qualities but public transportation wouldn't make the top ten list of good things about Houston. If you plan on going anywhere in Houston you are probably going to have to drive. It seems recently that we have had an uptick of clients who have hired us after having been arrested for driving while intoxicated on Washington Avenue. If you've even had one drink, I wouldn't suggest going near Washington Avenue if you are driving. Either choose a designated driver or call a cab. Another alternative would be to hire a shuttle service. A shuttle service called the Washington Wave advertises a shuttle up and down the bars on Washington and Midtown. I am not affiliated with the company nor endorse them, as I have never used them, but the concept seems like a great idea. The bottom line is, if you live in Houston, figure out a safe and responsible plan for transportation when you are making plans to hit the town. The alternative may be an arrest leading to a dwi. If you are in need of a Houston DWI Lawyer call Texas Board Certifed Attorney Mario Madrid at 713-877-9400. Tags: DWI, DWI Arrest Houston, Drunk Driving Houston, Houston DWI, Houston DWI Attorney, Houston DWI Lawyer The Houston, Harris County DWI DIVERT Changes Again! I understand as a Houston DWI attorney at The Martinez Law Firm that the Houston DWI DIVERT program is a novel concept for Harris County,Texas. I further recognize that with a new program tweaks will be made to make improvements. However, it seems that the Harris County District Attorney's Office (HCDAO) is continually making changes to this program. This causes confusion to all the parties involved. Whether you are misdemeanor judge, a misdemeanor prosecutor, a DWI attorney, or an accused changing the rules weekly leaves everyone uncertain as to how to proceed. I have been patient with the program up until now. This week the HCDAO decided that a defendant needs to decide if they want to be considered for the DIVERT program by their second court setting. This is patently unfair and lends itself to the biggest complaint against the program, that is coercive. My non-DWI clients do not need to decide anything within two settings, but somehow my DWI clients must make a life changing decision is less than a month now. That is unacceptable! Anyone that is a candidate for the DIVERT is someone that has never had contact with the police or the criminal justice system before their DWI arrest. They are afraid, confused, and intimidated by the system. This is not the best time for them to make such an important decision. Moreover, in a lot of instances a DWI attorney can not properly analyze a case after one setting. There are too many variables involved before they can properly advise their client. This change will undoubtedly lead to another deluge of initial cases being screened in order to meet the two setting decision deadline since, being evaluated does not require the defendant from accepting the conditions offered. Ultimately, this will lead to more people rejecting the DIVERT program because no one enjoys being bullied into doing something. Perhaps, this is what the HCDAO is trying to accomplish. If it is they may find an increase in attorneys setting cases for trial. Tags: DIVERT, DWI, DWI Attorney Houston, DWI Divert, Houston DWI The Houston DWI Divert Limbo... As one of the few Spanish speaking DWI lawyers in Houston I represent a fair amount of Spanish speaking people that are charged with the crime of driving while intoxicated. While they may not speak English they are still lawfully residing in the United States. Some are citizens with others being resident aliens, or in the United States under some sort of Visa. Some are here with proper documentation while others are in the process of getting their status sorted out. The Harris County District Attorney's Office (HCDAO) was initially clear about what type of people would be accepted into their DIVERT program, or so I thought. They were only accepting people that were in this country lawfully. One would think that this is straightforward enough, but actually like most other things with the DIVERT program this is ambiguous Now I have been told, if a person is in the process of obtaining his residency and not yet a citizen or permanent resident they will not qualify for the DIVERT program. While the Federal government allows them to stay in this country indefinitely the HCDAO does not allow them to enter the DIVERT program. This is difficult for my clients to comprehend when they are doing everything required of them by the Federal law. Is the HCDAO being too selective of people when it comes to their DIVERT program or just too exclusive since they do not have an issue allowing them to go on probation for the same DWI charge. Regardless, this leaves my clients in DIVERT limbo. Tags: DIVERT, DWI, DWI Lawyer Houston, Harris County District Attorney's Office, Houston DWI, Houston DWI Attorney, Houston DWI Lawyer, Houston Spanish speaking DWI lawyer, Probation Houston Super Bowl Parties Likely To Spike DWI Arrests South Florida, where Super Bowl XLIV is being held this year is similar in many ways to Houston, Texas in that people often drive because they can not count on their local public transportation. I remember when I first moved from Chicago, Illinois to Miami, Florida when I was a young boy and was not able to do half the things I was use to doing upon my move since my new city did not have reliable public transportation. This meant I was unable to take the train to a baseball game during the summer months, not that South Florida had a baseball team at the time. As a child I had to really on my legs and my bike if I wanted to do anything outside my neighborhood. Despite the inconvenience, I thought it was great since the brutal winter months of Chicago were behind me . This inconvenience however, leads to serious consequences if someone does not take precautions in respect to drinking and driving. I firmly believe if we had reliable public transportation in Houston, Texas our DWI arrests would decrease. Take into account the Washington Avenue area, the new place to go for young professional to "hang out" and drink. If someone wants to go this area to meet up with friends they must drive or get a taxi that is probably makes their night cost twice as much. Given the alternative, the Houston driver decides that he/she will monitor what they drink instead of incurring the cab cost. The Houston drinker must be more conscious of their alcoholic intake because they are the one that are likely will be doing the driving and the police have a close to zero tolerance for anyone that drinks and drives whether or not they are intoxicated. Unlike other major cities in the United States we do not have the fall back of public transportation in Houston. Miami, Florida is a tourist attraction year round because of its tropical weather and beautiful beaches, but still does not provide the reliable public transportation for its visitors. I have a suspicion that a few people will be drinking during the Super Bowl festivities that will be ongoing throughout the week. Even if they are only attending the game they are unlikely to be staying near stadium since it is not located in a tourist area. Therefore, the majority of tourists will be driving. It is not a stretch that when a destination increases by over 250,000 people that are drinking and driving that DWI arrests are going to increase. Tags: DWI, DWI arrest, Houston DWI, Super Bowl XLIV Posted on January 25, 2010 by Herman Martinez The Best Houston DWI Lawyer or an Overhyped Prospect? Major League Baseball Spring training is around the corner this year. Like most every year there will be a handful of prospects that will be deemed the next superstars of baseball. Last year Matt Wieters, catcher for Baltimore Orioles, was the can't miss prospect of 2009. While he did well for a rookie he has a long way to go before he becomes an elite catcher. This year Stephen Strasburg, a Washington Nationals pitcher, is ticketed for stardom. Over the years there have been many players that were in the same position. For example, Brien Taylor was the Yankees first pick in the 1991 major league baseball draft, but was never able to reach the major leagues for any team. Similarly, I know there are Houston DWI Attorneys that hype themselves up tremendously. They only talk about how great they are without listening to what the client needs. They guarantee the outcome of a case before even going to court and "bad mouth" other DWI lawyers. Here are some suggestions if you confront one of these attorneys. First, go to the Texas State Bar to see if they have been sanctioned. Second, go to avvo.com where lawyers are independently ranked by that website. Third, check with the Better Business Bureau to see if they are listed with them and how they are rated. Fourth, search online for specific information on the attorney. Lastly, get all the guarantees in writing before becoming their client. If you need to talk to a DWI Lawyer that works in the Houston, Harris County, Texas area please call The Martinez Law Firm at (713)-242-1779. Tags: Criminal Law, DWI, DWI Lawyer, Harris County DWI Lawyer, Hiring an Attorney, Houston DWI, Houston DWI Attorney, Houston DWI Lawyer Houston DWI Attorney Sharing Interesting Facts and Truths about Young Adult Drinking and Driving Drinking and then driving is a very costly, unhealthful and dangerous combination for anyone but this post mostly provides facts about drinking and driving for young adults who have either newly started to drive or have newly started to drink. That is why, as DWI Attorneys we advise you to let your young adult to know about the affects of driving and driving. They should know about the laws about drinking and driving in Texas and they should know how alcohol can affect their body system and impair their driving abilities. Being more aware than before, the young adult can make better decisions about drinking alcohol and then driving. Some facts about alcohol that everyone should know of are that alcohol can affect your brain; it reduces coordination, reflexes, vision and causes memory lapses and poor judgment. This is another reason why a intoxicated person may make a bad decision and consider themselves fit enough to drive. If you consume alcohol regularly, then know that alcohol can negatively affect every organ of your body and get absorbed in your bloodstream increasing the risk of many diseases. It reduces your self-control, depresses your nervous system and can produce a risky behavior in you. A large amount of alcohol consumption can even cause alcohol poisoning which can be fatal. In Texas, having a Blood Alcohol Content (BAC) of 0.08% or more while driving is one of the three ways the government may prove that a person was intoxicated when driving. Even though different people's bodies respond differently to varying levels of alcohol, the 0.08 limit has been set. by the Texas legislature. According to certain studies, two in five Americans will be involved in alcohol-related, (but not intoxicated) car accidents at one point in their lives and it is also estimated to be the leading cause of death for many American young adults. Factors like fatigue, lack of food, health, emotions and drugs (prescribed or non-prescribed) can actually increase the effects of alcohol on your body. Although, such facts about alcohol may not seem that significant but when you make the decision of drinking and then driving, these facts can become crucial to determine your Blood Alcohol Content. If pulled over by the police they may ask you to submit to field sobriety tests and later a breathalyzer test that you are not forced to do. Furthermore, they will threaten you that your driver's license will be suspended if you do not take the tests. That is not true! You have the absolute right to refuse all tests and keep your license from being suspended. Nevertheless, in such a situation you will always be better off hiring a DWI attorney, especially if you have a previous DWI conviction. A DWI lawyer who is reputable and experienced can make a lot of difference in your case. He or she can prepare you mentally for this experience, guide you about your DWI case and may even be successful enough to disprove the authenticity of the evidence of the prosecution. Although, a DWI offense can be frustrating and can hamper your future life, especially if you are just starting out in your career; it still helps tremendously to have a DWI lawyer who can mentally support you and keep you better informed about your trial. At any cost, educate yourself about driving while intoxicated, know about the laws and try to avoid drinking before you are of the legal age. You can either drink and not drive while intoxicated or avoid drinking all together if you want to avoid a false DWI arrest! If you need the assistance of a DWI Lawyer in Houston please call our law firm at (713) 242-1779 or visit our website: http://www.martinezlawhouston.com. Tags: Blood Alcohol Content, DWI, DWI Lawyer, Driving While Intoxicated, Houston DWI, Houston DWI Attorney, Houston DWI Lawyer, Police Twitter Me This...Montgomery County As a DWI attorney I hate when the state assumes that my clients are guilty. Like the city of of Honolulu, Hawaii, the Montgomery County, Texas District Attorney's Office, a neighboring county of Harris County, Texas is trying to scare its citizens from getting arrested for DWI. The Montgomery County Office has started a Twitter page that lists anyone that gets arrested for a DWI in that county Luckily, I rarely represent someone in that county for DWI since my practice consists of Houston DWI arrests. Nevertheless, I would like to point out that I doubt anyone purposefully sets out to get arrested for driving while intoxicated. In fact, the law does not require that the person intentionally was DWI like most other crimes. Most importantly, there is no plan in place for those people that are lucky enough to get their DWI cases dismissed or win at trial. This seems like a stunt that the media will give a lot of attention to initially, but will never be effective in deterring anyone from driving while intoxicated. Tags: DWI, DWI Attorney, Montgomery County DWI, Twitter Houston DWI Attorney-Fun Facts As a Houston DWI Lawyer I enjoying sharing what I know with other people. They seem interested in how the DWI law has developed over the years. Here are some DWI facts that people seem to be curious to know. In 1939, Indiana became the first state to enact laws defining intoxication. In 1960, the National Safety Council recommended that an alcohol concentration above 0.10 be considered prima facie evidence of intoxication. Texas became involved in breath alcohol testing with pilot programs in the late 1940’s and early 1950’s. Texas began breath alcohol testing on a statewide level in 1968 using the Breathalyzer 4011AS-A and in 1988 the Intoxilyzer 5000 began being used. Persons arrested for public intoxication are not be tested on the Intoxilyzer 5000. Tags: DWI, DWI Facts, Houston DWI Lawyer, Intoxilyzer 5000 Expect to be Humiliated When Arrested for DUI in Hawaii Just because I am a Houston DWI Attorney does not mean that I am not interested in what other states do with their DWI cases. For example, I recently learned that the Honolulu, Hawaii Police Department has gone to the extreme step of posting the mug shots of anyone that is arrested for DUI. Proponents of the measure believe that this will deter drunk driving. I disagree...first of all, none of these people have been convicted of anything before their pictures are posted on the website. Second, I would wager that most people will overlook the website until they are arrested for DWI. Third, what happens to the poor people that are arrested for DWI, but are not guilty of the crime. I am confident that a lot of the 80 people that are arrested weekly for DUI in Honolulu will have their cases dismissed or found not guilty of DUI/DWI. The harm that this will cause to these innocent people is not worth resorting to humiliation for those that may be guilty. If you have been arrested for DWI in Houston please contact our law firm if you have questions regarding your case. Our phone is (713) 242-1779. Please visit our firm's website for more information: http://www.martinezlawhouston.com. Tags: DWI, DWI arrest, Houston DWI Law firm, Houston Drunk Driving Attorney Houston Judge Fields Now Singing A Different Tune Earlier this year when the Harris County District Attorney's Office started the DIVERT program for first time DWI defendants Judge Mike Fields was one of two Harris County, Texas misdemeanor judges that would not participate with the program. This caused me concern since that meant I would have to explain to a client why someone in one of the other 13 misdemeanor courts would be eligible for the DIVERT program, while they would not be because their DWI case landed in one of the two formidable courts. I was hopeful that this would be a temporary arrangement by these judges. Not surprisingly, Judge Fields was clear to state that he would grant traditional pretrial diversion for defendants in his court, but would not follow the DIVERT program as presented to him. Despite his position as a lawyer in ourt I hold out hope that he would change his mind particularly when it concerned a specific client. Luckily, I was recently alerted to the fact that Judge Fields had changed his mind towards the program. Today, my optimism was rewarded by having him grant my client the opportunity to enter the DIVERT program. By allowing him this opportunity Judge Fields saved my client's business and allowed all my client's employees to rest easier this holiday season. I do not know what changed the Judge's mind, but he made several people overjoyed by his shift in opinion. I think it is feasible that Judge Bill Harmon will also change his position and start allowing the DIVERT program in his court in the near future. The citizens of Harris County, Texas deserve uniformity by the misdemeanor judges on this issue. If you my help please contact our law firm at (713) 242-1779. Tags: Bill Harmon, DWI, Houston DWI, Houston DWI Attorney, Judge Mike Fields The Scottish Field Sobriety Test For a DWI We Will Not See In Houston Over the years there have been many field sobriety tests used to determine if someone is intoxicated. Currently, Houston police officers typically use three tests called the Horizontal Gaze Nystagmus, walk and turn, and the one leg stand when investigating a DWI in Houston. My Scottish in laws where kind enough to share their straightforward test to determine if someone is intoxicated.. I think everyone would agree that the man in the video is a wee bit intoxicated. If you need the assistance of an attorney please contact our law firm at (713) 242-1779. Tags: DWI, DWI in Houston, Drunk Driving Houston, Houston DWI Attorney A Houston DWI Attorney Shares His Best of 2009 DWI Arrests In the near future, I am sure there will a few best of 2009 lists coming out so I wanted share an unique DWI list. Here are some of the oddest DWI arrest for the 2009 year. Feel free to tell me which one is your favorite. http://www.wptz.com/cnn-news/20421679/detail.html (driving a snowmobile while intoxicated) http://www.joplinglobe.com/local/local_story_215223733.html (dawn mower man gets a DWI) http://www.thesmokinggun.com/archive/years/2009/1022091lazboy1.html (driving a La-Z-Boy while intoxicated) http://edition.cnn.com/2009/CRIME/03/31/barstool.dui/ (DWI while on a barstool) http://www.thepittsburghchannel.com/news/21605132/detail.html (Lawn tractor driver gets arrested for DWI) Tags: DWI, DWI arrest, Drunk Driving, Houston DWI Lawyer Posted on November 5, 2009 by Herman Martinez The Days Of Drinking And Driving In Ireland Are Over If you are thinking of driving a car in Ireland you better not have a drink before getting behind the wheel. While the Irish are stereotypically depicted as heavy drinkers with a devotion to their Guinness they better not drink even one imperial pint of their celebrated beer before driving. Until recently. Ireland's legal limit for DWI was .08. Now, Ireland will become another country in Europe with a legal limit of .05 for the prosecution of driving while intoxicated cases. They will be joining Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Latvia, Netherlands, Portugal, Slovenia, Spain. What I found curious is that Lithuania's legal limit is .04 and Norway, Poland, Sweden's legal limit is .02. A true zero tolerance for drinking and driving is found in Estonia, Romania, Slovakia, Czech Republic, Hungary. Advocates for lowering our legal limit will certainly cite the international trend of lowering the legal limit for driving while intoxicated. I foresee the legal limit being lowered once again in Texas to 0.05 or lower within ten years. That would be the second time the legal limit will be changed since I became a lawyer. Tags: Criminal Law, DWI, DWI Legal Limit, Houston DWI, Houston DWI Attorney, Ireland DWI Houston DWI Lawyer Networks Part of being an attorney is keeping up with all changes in the law, and discovering different ways to defend criminal cases. That is why I enjoy going to seminars. While at these seminars, I learn a lot. I network with attorneys from other states and jurisdictions. Recently, I attended a DWI seminar in Illinois that allowed me to network with DWI lawyers across the country that provided me with new insight into defending DWI cases. Coincidentally, this week an Illinois attorney that I met at the seminar was able to contact me regarding a Texas license issue. Her client, a Texas resident, had the misfortune of being arrested in Illinois for DWI while on vacation. I was glad to assist her since I am sure she will be reciprocating my requests in the future. Tags: DWI, DWI Lawyer Seminar, Houston DWI, Texas DWI, Top Lawyers in Houston DWT Is The New DWI In Houston Anyone that has been keeping up with the news knows that driving while texting is becoming more and more prevalent. Likewise, serious accidents due to texting have been occurring with more regularity. I predict by the next legislation that texting while driving a motor vehicle will become a crime to same degree as driving while intoxicated is in Texas. If you are interested in the political game being played to make texting while driving a crime click here. If you have any questions regarding a DWI case in the Houston area please call me at (713) 242-1779. Tags: DWI, Driving While Intoxicated, Harris County DWI Atttorney, Houston DWI, driving while texting That Houston DWI Police Report is an Exaggeration! As a Houston DWI attorney I go over the offense report made by the police in great detail with my clients. Most of my clients disagree with the report made by the officer. Meanwhile, after fully investigating the case I am able to find inconsistencies with the offense report and what actually happened especially if there is a scene video. Earlier this year I had a case dismissed after I was able to retrieve the audio from a DWI video where the officer can be heard telling a witness that he did not know if the person was intoxicated, but he was hopeful that my client would "blow" or else the charges would not stick. Of course, none of this was mentioned in the officer's offense report. Joe D. Parker, a Chicago, Illinois police officer, who is known as a prolific DUI enforcer in his state is under review for this type of gross exaggeration. In his offense Parker writes that Raymond Bell could not keep his balance, and failed the field sobriety tests. Luckily, this video shows the truth. I wish all my clients were so lucky to have a video at the scene where the original field sobriety tests were administered. Thus, if you are charged with a DWI in Houston please contact our law firm at (713) 242-1779 for free consultation. Visit the firm's website for more information: http://www.martinezlawhouston.com. Tags: DWI, DWI Attorney, Houston DWI, Joe D. Parker, offense report An example of someone that is drunk You do not have to be a Houston DWI Lawyer to know what a drunk person looks like. Most people that get arrested for DWI have an idea of what an intoxicated person should look like. Unfortunately, the police, prosecutors, and our legislators have a much different idea. Click here to see a man that truly fits the description of an intoxicated person. Benny Hill would be proud. Tags: Benny Hill, DWI, Houston DWI Lawyer Is Your Houston, Harris County DWI Case Getting Dismissed? It might be if your DWI arrest occurred in the Southeast portion of Harris County, Texas during the time Deetrice Wallace worked as a Department of Public Safety contractor in charge of inspecting alcohol breath test machines. Ms. Wallace was convicted of faking the inspections of the machines she was in charge of in Webster, Pasadena, South Houston, and Clear Lake area. Therefore, the Harris County District Attorney's Office will be reviewing over 1,200 DWI cases that were affected by Wallace's conviction. The cases will be hard to prove since the breath test results will not be available and it is likely that the field sobriety tests that were videotaped were likely destroyed. If you would like more information regarding a DWI charge then please contact The Martinez Law Firm today. Tags: DWI, DWI arrest, Deetrice Wallace, Houston DWI Posted on September 1, 2009 by Herman Martinez Would You Purchase A Vehicle In Houston With A DWI Gadget? As a DWI Lawyer in Houston, Texas I see many of the issues surrounding a DWI charge. The public wants to cut down on DWI related accidents, defendants get falsely accused of DWI by a machine, and cops vigilantly arrest anyone that admits to drinking. DWI concerns in Japan and the United States has the Nissan and Toyota automobile companies developing a device that will shut down the vehicle if sensors pick up excessive alcohol consumption. I wonder if this be a standard item on all automobiles or an optional feature. If it is an option, I wonder how many people will be willing to add it to the purchase price of their new car? If you need the help of a DWI Attorney call our law firm at (713) 242-1779 or click here to visit our website. Tags: DWI, DWI Lawyer Houston, Houston DWI, Houston DWI Attorney, Houston DWI Lawyer, Police Your Houston DWI Could Have Been Worse I am aware that a DWI arrest in Houston is a traumatic experience. As I have mentioned before the police officers have a militant attitude when conducting a DWI stop, and once a person gets arrested there demeanor gets worse. Recently, I was doing some research on a legal issue concerning a DWI stop when I came across the DUI law in the state of Arizona that provides for a harsher punishment if a person provides a breath sample over .02 after they are arrested. Shockingly, I found out that if you provide sample over .02 in Arizona the minimum jail time would be 45 days in jail. The law does not take into account if it is a first, second, or third DWI. In fact, a person is worse off in Arizona if you blow over .02 then if you were a felony offender. If you would like to contact a DWI attorney in regards to your case then please visit our website at: http://www.martinezlawhouston.com. Tags: DWI, DWI Arrest Houston, First DWI, Houston DWI Should I Request A Hearing After My DWI Arrest in Houston? Anyone charged with a DWI in Texas or more specifically, Harris County, Texas should know that they have 15 days after their arrest to request an administrative license revocation hearing in order to save their driver's license. If this is not done they automatically lose the driver's license after 40 days of their arrest. Most clients believe that the hearing must take place within that time period. Unfortunately, this is not the case. Once the hearing is requested it typically takes 3-5 months before there is a hearing to determine if the driver's license will be suspended. The period of time that is it is taking for the hearings is unacceptable and contrary to the mission of the ALR program that was designed to suspend the driver licenses of dangerous drivers in a swift and sure manner. DPS' words not mine. Curiously, nothing is mentioned about it being done in a fair and just way. Many times the hearing provides favorable evidence to the accused that is not mentioned in the original offense report submitted by the police officer. Most importantly, it provides the DWI lawyer with the opportunity to pin an officer down on the record to the true facts surrounding the DWI arrest. These is helpful when evaluating a case. Facing a DWI criminal charge? Consult with a member of our legal team, contact The Martinez Law Firm by visiting their website: http://www.attorneydwi.net. Tags: Adminstrative License Revocation Hearing, DWI, DWI Lawyer, Houston DWI, Houston DWI Attorney, Houston DWI Lawyer, Police Is Texas The Worst State To Get A DWI? As a Houston DWI Lawyer I am regularly asked the above the question. For the last several years, the answer has always been the same. No, the state of Arizona imposes even harsher penalties for DWI cases. I would hate to be a DWI defendant in a state where in some cases I would be facing a minimum 45 day jail sentence for my first DWI conviction. Whether you are charged with a DWI in Texas or in any other state the consequences are severe. An experienced DWI Attorney will assist you during this stressful event to make sure that everything is done on your behalf. If you are interested in a concise description of the DWI penalties in Arizona Lawrence Koplow, a Arizona DUI Attorney, provides it in a recent blog post. Tags: DWI, DWI Attorney, Houston DWI, Houston DWI Lawyer, Lawrence Koplow Why is that black line on the wall during my DWI arrest? As a Houston DWI attorney I get a lot of different questions pertaining to my client's DWI video. A lot of them are discussed in this blog or on my DWI website. One thing that is commonly overlooked is the function of the black line on the wall during a DWI station video. The thick black line's purpose for being in the DWI video room is for determining if a person is swaying. When a person is asked to do the DWI field sobriety tests they are usually placed in front of or next to the line. The thinking is that if person sways it will be more noticeable with the line serving as an indicator. While the black line is placed there by the police agency it can be a resource used by the accused too, since it can also illustrate the lack of swaying that is present. This makes a police officer look foolish on the witness stand when they claim that my client had a noticeable sway, but none is displayed on the video thanks to our new best friend, the black line on the wall. Tags: DWI, DWI website, Houston DWI, Houston DWI Attorney, Houston DWI Lawyer Should There Be A Mothers Againt Deadly Doctors? As a Houston DWI lawyer at The Martinez Law Firm I track the pertinent issues regarding driving and alcohol. There is always a lot of talk about how alcohol related accidents by Mothers Against Drunk Drivers,(MADD), but a closer look that a more significant danger is mistakes made by doctors. When will the public wake up and start to realize that their doctor poses a greater threat to them than someone that is behind the wheel of a vehicle after drinking. Tags: Criminal Law, DWI, Houston DWI, Houston DWI Lawyer, M.A.D.D. Posted on August 9, 2009 by Herman Martinez Would Josh Hamilton Be A Candidate For The DWI Divert Program In Houston? The Houston, Harris County, Texas DWI Divert program is in full swing now. Those of us that are DWI attorneys in Houston are familiar with the parameters that have been set by the Harris County District Attorney's office. What is surprising about the program is that the stated goal is to help , and assist those that really need the help in overcoming alcoholism. Thus, reducing repeat DWI offenders, as well as intoxication assault, intoxication manslaughter cases. While this is a worthwhile objective the program is excluding those that need the help the most and has an unexpected expectation about anyone that does enter the program. Take someone like Josh Hamilton as an example. Baseball fans know Josh Hamilton's story, the first overall pick in the 1999 major league baseball player draft, instant millionaire, becomes addict, out of baseball for three years, becomes a recovering addict, wins the comeback player of the year in 2007. He captured the heart of the baseball world last year during the Home Run Derby by by hitting a record 28 home runs during the first round. This year a lot was being expected from Hamilton. His projections were off the charts. He was a most valuable player candidate entering 2009. Most fantasy baseball publications had him pegged as a top ten draft pick. These expectations caused him great stress perhaps causing his minor relapse this year. While everyone will agree that a minor infraction is to be expected of a recovering addict the Harris County District Attorney's Office disagrees when it happens during their DWI Divert Program. In their opinion, anyone that is afforded the opportunity of the program may not have any infractions despite their history. This sounds contrary to the stated goal of helping people from committing a DWI offense in the future. Therefore, anyone considering the Divert program better be fully aware of the expectations, potential consequences, and the lack of compassion by the District Attorney's office. For more information visit our website: http://www.martinezlawhouston.com. Tags: DWI, Harris County DWI, Houston DWI, Josh Hamilton A New Federal Bill Aimed at First Time DWI Offenders Recently, he House transportation committee released the details of a six-year, $450 billion highway bill. What is troubling to a DWI Attorney, like myself, is that buried within the bill is a controversial sentencing requirement that low-level, first-time drunken-driving offenders, must install an ignition interlock device. Currently, Texas requires the ignition interlock for repeat offenders. Additionally, Texas requires the ignition interlock for anyone that has a high breath test (.15 or higher) when they were arrested. Texas has historically understood that a first time offender does not need such a drastic step when someone has been convicted for their first DWI. Since the ignition interlock is expensive, intrusive, and typically has technical issues, this punishment has exclusively been used for repeat offenders only . The Federal government has a different idea and could affect how Texas will deal with first time DWI offenders if and when the bill is enacted. For more information regarding DWI charges please visit our website: http://www.martinezlawhouston.com. Tags: DWI, DWI Attorney, ignition interlock Email This Could Your Diet Cause An Incorrect Breath Test Result? Yes, it could happen to anyone and may be used as a defense in the future by a DWI attorney. According to studies certain diets like the Atkins may lead to higher readings. This takes place because the machines test for ethanol, but are unable to distinguish that from acetone that is commonly produced by people on a low carbohydrate diet. This mistake has even happened to a British pilot. Tags: DWI, DWI Attorney Houston DWI Lawyer Meeting About The Upcoming Pretrial Diversion Today, many Houston DWI Defense Attorneys attended a meeting with Roger Bridgwater, the assistant district attorney that is heading up the Pretrial Diversion program in Harris County. The meeting was very informative. Some of the highlights of the meeting are as follow: first, and as a general rule anyone that has been handled by the police before will be ineligible for the program (including dismissals, not guilty verdicts, and PI cases). Second, anyone with a felony charge will not be eligible (DWI child passenger cases). Thirdly, the probation department will be supervising the person during the program and finally an ignition interlock with a camera will be required. A person may be released from their surety bond pending completion of the program. The length of the pretrial will be from 1-2 years depending on how they score after being tested and evaluated by the probation department. A draft of the contract that will be required to be executed was handled out at the meeting, I will comment on that in a later post along with the type of people the program aims to help. Tags: DWI, Harris County District Attorney's Office, Houston DWI, Houston DWI Attorney, Houston DWI Lawyer Who Is Easier To Reach A Lawyer Or A Doctor? My friends in the medical profession find it hard to believe that I take phone calls after business hours. I never thought it was a big deal until they brought it up night. I imagine that expectations from the public is different now from when I was growing up. Gone are the days that a doctor makes a house call or even takes a phone call from a patient. On the other hand, when someone gets into trouble they need to speak to a lawyer asap. Typically, when a person is arrested for DWI their family has never encountered such an event and need to speak to an attorney to explain the process. Thus, our law firm always has a lawyer on call to answer any questions that arise from a criminal arrest. Clients are always surprised when they reach an attorney on a weekend ready to discuss their case. Tags: Criminal Law, DWI Why Is The Police Officer Speaking So Much During My DWI Arrest? It is common knowledge that people act differently when they are videotaped The Houston DWI Officers are equipped with video machines in their vehicles to record the stop and the field sobriety tests that they request a person to do during a dwi stop. Most of the time during the arrest the officer is the only person that knows that everything is being videotaped. How a person does during the videotaping of the field sobriety tests is crucial. In my experience as a Houston DWI lawyer, these videotapes are poor in quality and only show the obvious mis-steps that a person commits during the field sobriety tests. They fail to show how well a person performs during the investigation. The DWI officers have taken it upon themselves to act as play by play announcers during the time that a person is doing the tests. This is distracting to the person trying to perform the tests and clearly could be viewed as one sided. The officer only remarks on something the person may have done wrong without ever mentioning all the things that person is doing correctly. Recently, the Texas Criminal Court of Appeals, the highest appellate court in Texas, has held that the practice of the police officer commenting on the a person's performance during the DWI field sobriety test is hearsay. Therefore, the commentary will not be heard by a jury during trial. For the entire opinion click here. Tags: DWI, DWI Field Sobriety Test, DWI Stop, Houston DWI Attorney How Many DWI Arrests Are Made in Houston? Logically, as a Houston DWI Attorney this is a number that I follow. According to Don Egdorf, with the Houston Police Department's DWI Task Force, HPD recorded over 6,000 DWI arrests in 2008. That does not take into account all the other agencies in the Greater Houston, Texas area. As of the end of May, we are looking at a pretty big increase. The Houston DWI Task Force has already made over 3,300 DWI arrest. There is a strong possibility that this may be a record year for DWI arrests in Houston. Please be careful after having a drink and driving. You are not guilty of driving while intoxicated just because you have been arrested. Fortunately, you are presumed to be innocent of any criminal offense in our Country. If you would like to discuss your DWI case with an attorney then please call The Martinez Law Firm today. Tags: DWI, DWI Arrest Houston, Houston DWI, Houston DWI Attorney, Houston DWI Task Force, Police M.A.D.D. At Odds With Their Allies As a Houston DWI Attorney, I am surprised that M.A.D.D.has been relatively silent on the new Pretrial Diversion DWI Program proposed by the Harris County District Attorney's Office. I am confident that once it is unveiled in August M.A.D.D. will have a negative opinion of the program. Recently, M.A.D.D. demanded that a non profit with the same goals of curtailing drunk driving to stop proclaiming in their literature that they are partners. If you need help from a Houston DWI lawyer please visit click here or call our law firm at (713) 242-1779 for a free consultation. Tags: DWI, Harris County Pretrial Diversion, Houston DWI, Houston DWI Attorney, Houston DWI Lawyer Does A DWI With A Child Passenger Qualify For DIVERT In Harris County, Texas? As a Houston DWI Attorney at The Martinez Law Firm I am grateful that the Harris County District Attorney's Office is implementing the DIVERT Program. One question that has gone unanswered thus far is whether a DWI with a child passenger, a felony, will qualify for the new program? I am hopeful that the administration will treat this first time offender the same as one that is charged with a misdemeanor. Tags: DIVERT, DWI, Harris County Courthouse, Harris County District Attorney's Office, Houston DWI, Houston DWI Attorney Driving A Bulldozer While Intoxicated? Are you kidding me? As a Houston DWI Attorney I get to defend a lot of interesting cases, but I must admit that I have not come across one quite as unique as driving a bulldozer while intoxicated. Somewhere Jeff Foxworthy is having a good laugh about this one. If you would like to know more about DWI laws please click here. For a free consultation contact the Houston DWI lawyer at (713) 242-1779. Tags: DWI, Houston DWI Attorney, Houston DWI Lawyer DWI...How Many Questions Should A Judge Ask? Now that the Harris County District Attorney's Office is going forward with the pretrial diversion program for DWI cases should judges inquire if each defendant that is entering a plea of guilty before them has been made aware of this opportunity? A judge's role is to protect everyone's rights. Therefore, if the judge has an inkling that the person before them may qualify for a pretrial diversion for their DWI case and has not been informed of this possibility by their attorney for whatever reason the judge should caution the person about the consequences. I realize that there a lot of variables in each case, and the plea admonishments discuss essential rights, but this new program changes the playing field for all DWI attorneys in Houston. If you have any questions regarding a DWI in Texas please contact a Houston DWI Lawyer at (713) 242-1779 or visit our site: http://www.martinezlawhouston.com. Tags: DWI, DWI Pretrial diversion, Harris County Courthouse, Houston Court, Houston DWI, Houston DWI Attorney, Houston DWI Lawyer The New DWI Program Likely To Increase DWI Arrests In Houston As a Houston DWI Attorney I have mentioned previously how the upcoming DWI Pretrial Diversion program proposed by the Harris County District Attorney's Office is going to benefit a great number of people. Despite all the benefits there are sure to be some negatives associated with the program. For instance, once the word gets out about the program DWI arrests will increase in the greater Houston area. Police agencies will arrest more people because they will know that the prosecutor will readily offer a Pretrial Diversion. Also, it has been a long held belief within the DWI task forces that the accused may "beat the rap, but will not "beat the ride." In other words, a person accused of a DWI will have to bear the expense of hiring a DWI attorney in order to properly defend a DWI case. Moreover, prosecutors will become less inclined to dismiss a DWI charge because they are going to push the pretrial diversion alternative. If you have any questions regarding a DWI in Texas please contact a Houston DWI Lawyer at (713) 242-1779 or visit our website: http://www.martinezlawhouston.com. Tags: DWI, Houston DWI, Houston DWI Attorney, Houston DWI Lawyer, Police DWI Checkpoints Not Headed To Texas The regular session of the 81st Texas Legislature ended this week and I will be providing a more complete list of criminal laws that passed, but I wanted to mention one that was previously discussed on this blog. Luckily, for the citizens of Texas this legislature did not pass the bill allowing DWI checkpoints in Texas. If you have questions regarding a DWI please contact The Martinez Law Firm at (713) 242-1779. Tags: DWI, DWI Checkpoints, Houston DWI Posted on May 30, 2009 by Herman Martinez Houston DWI Lawyer Sees A New Approach To DWI Prosecution The Harris County District Attorney's Office is considering a progressive approach to the way that first time DWI offenders are prosecuted. The plan being considered is to grant a pretrial diversion to those charged with their first DWI. The program would spare the person from having a conviction for the rest of their lives if they successfully complete the program. As a lawyer that routinely sees the effects of a DWI conviction I applaud this approach by the District Attorney's office. Most of the people that we assist with a DWI arrest are first time offenders. As I have stated on this blog the consequences of a DWI conviction can seriously impact a person's life. This new policy will help countless people in Harris County. This decision by the Harris County District Attorney, Pat Lykos, is a departure from her earlier proposals that seemed to be politically motivated. Conversely, I suspect this approach will cause M.A.D.D, and other DWI zealots to adamantly oppose this approach that has proven to be effective in other jurisdictions. The zealots will direct the public to the numbers of DWI fatalities in Texas, but will not admit that the methods that are currently being used to prosecute DWI cases are not working. Thus, a fresh approach is to be commended. If you have questions regarding a DWI/DUI in the Houston, Harris County area please contact our law firm at (713) 242-1779 or click here to visit our website. Tags: "Houston, Arrest', DWI, DWI Pretrial diversion, Houston DWI, Houston DWI Lawyer Memorial Weekend DWI Arrests It looks like the Harris County, Texas District Attorney's Office went full force in the enforcement of the First Marathon Memorial “No Refusal” Weekend . The program netted over 200 DWI arrests in Harris County alone. I wonder how this compares to a normal holiday weekend? Warren Diepraam, a former Harris County Prosecutor, who now works for the Montgomery County District Attorney's Office, also initiated the same type of program with and added the arrests of boating while intoxicated on Lake Conroe. I anticipate that the citizens of Montgomery Country are in for a dramatic change in the way a DWI is going to be prosecuted in the future with Warren leading the charge. If you have any questions regarding your DWI arrest please contact one our DWI Lawyers at (713) 242-1779 or visit our website. Tags: Boating While Intoxicated, DWI, DWI Lawyer, Houston DWI Posted on April 29, 2009 by Herman Martinez Do Not Waste Your Time Seeking A Motion For Non Disclosure For Your DWI In Texas As a Houston DW Attorney people regularly call me or reach this blog trying to get a motion for non disclosure for their DWI. I hope by stating this very clearly these type of inquiries will be reduced. A DWI probation Does Not qualify for a motion for non disclosure. The only way to "clear your record" regarding a DWI is if the case was dismissed or you were found not guilty by a jury. The proper vehicle to get the DWI off your criminal history when your case is dismissed is by filing a expungement two years after your arrest in the County Civil District Court where your arrest occurred. The Martinez Law Firm Tags: DWI, Houston DWI, Houston DWI Attorney, Motion for Non Disclosure, Sugarland DWI The Name Mothers Against Drunk Drivers is a Sham I find it curious that Mothers Against Drunk Drivers (MADD) is mainly made up of men. For instance, the CEO, and the Chairman of the Board of Directors, are both men. In fact, half of the directors are men. The National President of MADD is a man. What gives? I am sure they would consider changing the organizations name if it was not so recognizable. They claim that their fight is against drunk driving (DWI), but a closer look would reveal that the current motive for their organization is increasing shareholder value for the companies these men assist. Tags: DWI, Houston DWI, MADD Refusing The Breath Test A Crime In Some States That is correct some states like Iowa and Minnesota make a separate crime to refuse the breath test even if you are later found innocent of a DWI. Hopefully, we will never see the day that Texas makes refusing a breath test a crime. If you need to talk with an attorney regarding your DWI case please contact The Martinez Law Firm at (713) 242-1779 for a free consultation. Tags: DWI, Fort Bend County DWI, Harris County DWI, Houston DWI, Houston DWI Attorney, Houston DWI Lawyer, Sugarland DWI Attorney, Sugarland DWI Lawyer The Scram Device Is How Much? As a Houston DWI Lawyer I like to inform my clients of what to expect in a DWI case. I tell my client's that they need to be careful what they wish for in a criminal court case. For example, a lot of people want to avoid having the interlock installed in their vehicle by telling the court that they do not have a car. Typically, the court does not just take your word. The court asks our client if there is any vehicle in their home that they have access to use. Also, the court makes the person sign an affidavit stating they will not be driving any vehicle while they are on bond for their DWI case. The consequences of being caught driving under this scenario is severe. You could be arrested for driving while your license is suspended. If this is the case the Judge may revoke your bond, and the Judge may also refrain from granting you an occupational license in the future. Lastly, many courts will order our client to get the scram device installed if they claim that they do not have a vehicle to drive. Most people say "no problem" until they realize that it will cost them $12 a day or $400 a month to have this device. This is a significant amount considering that a DWI case may take from two to six months to complete. If you have any question concerning your DWI case please visit our website http://www.attorneydwi.net or call us right now for a free consultation (713) 242-1779, Tags: DWI, Harris County Courthouse, Houston DWI, Houston DWI Attorney, Houston DWI Lawyer, Probation, Sugarland DWI Attorney Posted on April 3, 2009 by Herman Martinez Those Pesky DPS Surcharges Please remember to pay your DWI surcharges because if you do not pay them your license will be suspended. Also, if you have been granted an occupational license by a court that will be invalid as well. The best way to prevent this is by get your DWI case dismissed! You need an experienced DWI attorney handling your case. There are too many consequences that may impact your life to allow someone that is not familiar with DWI law to handle your case. Thus, if you need help with your DWI case anywhere in Texas please call The Martinez Law Firm at (800) 724-1876 or (713) 242-1779. We will talk to you about your case for free! Tags: DWI, DWI surcharge, Houston DWI, Occupational License, Sugarland DWI DWI Checkpoints could be on their way back to Texas Since I have been a Houston DWI lawyer DWI checkpoints have been outlawed in Texas. That could be changing if a proposed bill becomes law. These checkpoints allow the police to stop anyone without having probable cause to check for the possibility that the driver is operating a motor vehicle while intoxicated. The proposed bill is unclear. For instance, what will be the system in place for stopping the vehicles, where will the checkpoints be located, and will the checkpoints be publicized like the bill suggests? Also, surprisingly, the police will not be asking for proof of insurance or a driver's license when they make the stops. While the United States Supreme Court has found the checkpoints to be constitutional many states have found them to be unconstitutional. Even if the bill passes I am confident that it will be heavily litigated in Texas. If you have any questions regarding your DWI arrest please call The Martinez Law Firm at (713) 242-1779 or (800) 724-1876 for a free consultation. Tags: DWI, Houston DWI, Houston DWI Attorney, Houston DWI Lawyer, Sugarland DWI Attorney Represent Yourself in Traffic Court Not With Your DWI Defense For some reason, a lot of people think they could represent themselves in a DWI case. They quickly change their mind once they have been arrested or go to court for the first time. A person arrested in Harris County for DWI/DUI will not be offered probation if they are representing themselves. Also, they do not know how to save their driver's license. In other instances, they come up with a dimwitted defense that create more problems that they solve. Our firm has represented fellow lawyers that have been arrested for DWI, but not practice criminal defense because they understand the seriousness of the offense and all the pitfalls that are associated with this crime. Thus, if you need help regarding your DWI visit our website at http://www.martinezlawhouston.com or call us at (800) 724-1876. Tags: Criminal Law, DWI, Houston Court, Houston DWI, Missouri City DWI, Sugarland DWI The United Kingdom Eliminating DWI Blood Tests The United Kingdom has realized what DWI Defense Attorneys like myself have always known. DWI blood tests are not infallible. In order to combat the trend of losing cases they are considering eliminating blood tests altogether. Interestingly, in the States police agencies are moving toward making these tests more readily available then in years past. Regardless, I look forward to winning more battles when it comes to DWI blood test cases. If you have any questions regarding your DWI case please contact our law firm at (713) 242-1779 . Tags: DWI Defense Attorney, DWI, Houston DWI, Houston DWI Attorney, Police Emilio's DWI arrest in Houston highlights different aspects of DWI law I like to refrain from commenting on local criminal cases, but Emilio Navaira's DWI case illustrates several different aspects about a criminal case in Houston that are important to note. First, since his injuries were severe it showed that the accused needs to be competent to stand trial. Second, it depicts how long a DWI investigation can last. In this case it was close to a year. Third, it illustrates how the Harris County District Attorney's Office still may charge Emilio with intoxication assault since other people were injured in the accident. Emilio was smart to post a non arrest bond when he was notified that there was a warrant for his arrest. This allowed him to skip being formally arrested and booked into a jail. Moreover, his bond would have been set around $1,000 because he only has one previous criminal conviction. However, he was also charged with his second DWI in Bexar County before this incident raising the bond in this case to $5,000. Also, he signed an affidavit stating that he did not own a vehicle to the Bexar County Court, therefore the reason that he needed to do this is because the law provides that in this situation the accused must install an ignition interlock device in their vehicle. A person that does not own a vehicle also signs this type of affidavit in Harris County, Texas, but in a lot of courts the person must also get fitted with a scram device. On the bright side, while Emilio looks to the non-criminal lawyer to be a third DWI offender under Texas law he is actually still considered to be a second offender because he has never been convicted of a second DWI. This is significant to mention since a third offender would be facing up to ten years in the Texas Department of Corrections instead of one year in a county jail for a second DWI offense. Mr. Navaira's case will be heard in the Harris County Criminal Court at Law #11 where Judge Diane Bull presides. If you need assistance with your DWI case please contact our law firm at (713) 242-1779 or visit our website at http://www.attorneydwi.net. Tags: DWI, Harris County Courthouse, Harris County Criminal Court #11, Houston Criminal Attorney, Houston DWI, Houston DWI Attorney, Judge Diane Bull Your Houston DWI could have been worse. A DWI in Houston, Harris County, Texas is a traumatic experience for anyone. Typically, it happens late at night, the accused is not prepared to get arrested, and even if you are innocent your drivers license may still be suspended. As I have mentioned before, the consequences of a DWI are severe. I can not think of a state worse than Arizona when in comes to how it treats those arrested for DWI. Could you imagine living in the state of Arizona where a person goes to jail for their first DWI conviction? The law does not care who you are in the state of Arizona. Charles Barkley, NBA Hall of Famer, will vouch for that since he is set to serve at least 5 days in jail for his first DWI conviction. If you need assistance with your DWI case in Houston, Harris County, Texas please contact our law firm at (713) 242-1779 or visit our website at http://www.attorneydwi.net. Tags: ""DWI, DWI, First DWI in Houston, Houston DWI, Houston DWI Attorney, Land", Sugar, arrest, in The Hidden Costs of a DWI in Houston. As a Houston DWI Attorney I dislike having to break it to people all the costs that are associated with a DWI. Most people know the consequences of a DWI conviction. There is jail, fines, and the revocation of driving privileges. The costs of a DWI conviction can range from losing your freedom, to losing your hard earned money, to the very right to travel outside the United States of America. Texas legislators have found that someone convicted of DWI is an easy target. For example, in Texas there are mandatory conditions for a DWI conviction. Two examples include, DWI School as well as a Victim Impact Panel. The Victim Impact Panel is a humbling meeting for the accused, made up of Mothers Against Drunk Drivers members who convey harrowing stories of DWI victims. In other instances the Ignition Interlock Device is required and community service will also be involved. There are many costs associated with a DWI. There are attorney fees, fines, court fees, mandatory surcharges imposed by DPS, potential civil suits, electronic home monitoring, time lost from work, programs and community service, license reinstatement fees, Interlock device, alcohol treatment, insurance premium rates rising, towing and storage fees. A conservative estimate would easily put the costs in the neighborhood of $10,000. There are other consequences of a DWI conviction which involve more than money. Many automobile rental agencies will refuse your business. If you are convicted, you may not be able to obtain life insurance at any price. Likewise, many health insurance companies will charge you an extra premium, or deny you coverage. A conviction may restrict you from traveling to some countries. Most countries only exclude you for a felony, but some, like Canada, treat all criminal convictions, including DWI as a basis for exclusion from the country. If you have any questions regarding a DWI please contact our law firm. We offer free consultations. If you need assistance with your DWI case please contact our law firm at (713) 242-1779 or click here to visit our website. Tags: DWI, DWI Lawyer in Houston, Houston DWI, Houston DWI Attorney, Houston DWI Cost Cypresswood substation not making DWI videos. I found it unbelievable last week during trial the that the Cypresswood substation located in Harris County, Texas does not have a working videotaping device for DWI cases. According to Constable Norris, a Corporal with the Harris County Constable Precinct 4's Office, it is common knowledge that this is occurring, but it is not up to the constable's office to get the device in working order. He is of the opinion that it is up to the Harris County District Attorney's Office to maintain the videotape machine in working order. That statement completely floored both prosecutors trying the case and is completely wrong. Most appalling, is that after speaking to other attorneys in the courthouse this is not the first time that this Constable has testified that a videotape was not made in a DWI case. Constable Norris understands the importance of a recording of someone ac cussed of DWI, but cavalierly dismissed the idea during trial. A DWI video not only allows a jury to see the accused for themselves, but allows a lawyer to review a police officer's actions during the tests. It is quite common that an officer does not explain the test correctly, or follow the specific guidelines developed. If an officer does this incorrectly the tests results are deemed invalid. Since Kate Dolan, the Misdemeanor Division Chief, was in court during his testimony I am confident that she will look into this issue. The citizens of Harris County deserve much better! If you need assistance with your DWI case please contact our law firm at (713) 242-1779 or visit our website at http://www.attorneydwi.net. Tags: Criminal Law, DWI, Friendswood DWI Attorney, Houston DWI, Houston DWI Attorney, Humble DWI, Police Your DWI probation can not be cleared from your record I am frequently contacted by someone wanting to clear their old DWI conviction from their record. I dislike telling people that despite what their lawyer told them ten years ago their probation for DWI is not eligible to be cleared from their record. I think that some people look at their criminal record like their credit report. They are under the assumption that after a certain number of years the charges come off some way and if they contact the right attorney they can make this happen. The only way to have your DWI cleared from your record is by previously having your case dismissed before going on probation, or going to trial and being found not guilty by a judge or a jury. Lastly, if your DWI was so long ago that you received a deferred adjudication you may qualify for a motion for non disclosure. Tags: Clearing, Criminal Law, DWI, Houston DWI, Probation, record" When Do the Judges Require the Interlock? Judges are required to order the installation of the interlock machine on subsequent DWI offenses in Texas. Also, most Harris County, Texas judges order the machine to be installed when there is an accident involved in the criminal case. The most annoying part of this is that they do this regardless of who caused the accident or if the person accused is guilty or not of the DWI. What ever happened to being presumed innocent? Luckily, not all Texas judges act this way. This practice is not common in Fort Bend County, Texas. It has been my experience that a person arrested in cities of Sugar Land, Missouri City, or Richmond fair much better then someone arrested for DWI in Houston. Tags: DWI, Fort Bend DWI, Missouri City DWI, Sugar Land DWI Smile...The guardian interlock is taking a picture of you! Houston, Harris County, Texas criminal courts are using another device against repeat DWI offenders. A second time DWI offender is required to install a guardian interlock device while on bond awaiting the resolution of their case even if they are innocent of the new charges. The guardian interlock device is a mechanism similar to a breathlyzer which is installed in a vehicle's dashboard. Before the vehicle starts, the driver must breathe into the device. A more advanced interlock device is now on the scene that takes a picture of the person blowing into the device. Thus, a record is made of whoever is blowing into the machine. The maker claims to be fool proof, but I doubt that since we have seen so many false positives with the regular interlock device over the years. More importantly, are other drivers allowed to use the vehicle without a picture being on file? Contact The Martinez Law Firm to discuss your case or visit our website for more information. Tags: DWI, DWI breath test, Guardian Interlock, Houston Criminal Attorney, Houston DWI, Probation What happened to being presumed innocent in a DWI case? Many thanks to DUI attorney Lawrence Taylor for sharing that the state of Ohio still bans a defendant from challenging the accuracy of the breathalyzer machine in a criminal case. I can not imagine something like this happening in Texas. I think our judges are more aware of the individual's right of confrontation despite not allowing the defense bar access to the inner workings of the machine. This Ohio law has been in place for twenty five years. Luckily, no other state has followed their lead. I say it is time that Ohio revisits this issue. The Martinez Law Firm: http://www.martinezlawhouston.com. Tags: Criminal Law, DWI, Houston DWI, breath test machine, breathalyzer The Unknown DWI Cost in Houston,Texas As a DWI attorney in Houston I dislike having to tell my clients abut all the hidden costs of a DWI. Everyone knows about the fines and court cost that are associated with a DWI conviction. What most people do not know about are the surcharges imposed by DPS if someone is convicted of DWI. Also, a person's automobile insurance rates are likely to go up and their credit rating will be negatively impacted. Even life insurance rates are harder to obtain after a DWI conviction. Thus, it is important to hire a lawyer that is experienced with DWI defense. It does not matter if you are charged in Houston, Conroe, Friendswood, Sugarland, Missouri City or Richmond the consequences and cost are all the same. If you like to talk to me about your DWI case call The Martinez Law Firm at(800) 724-1876 for a free consultation. Tags: DWI Attorney in Clear Lake, Texas, Criminal Law, DWI, DWI in Katy, Texas, Houston Criminal Attorney, Houston DWI, Houston DWI Attorney, Probation The pitfalls of a DWI when having a commercial driver's license in Texas. Most people know their Texas driver's license will be suspended if they blow over the legal limit of .08. For a first time DWI offender the suspension period would be for 90 days in that instance. However, the Texas legislature has made it stricter for someone with a commercial driver's license. A person who holds a commercial driver's license will lose their driving privilege for a period of one year if: (a) they have been convicted, for the first time, of driving under the influence of alcohol or narcotics; (b) they refuse to submit to a test to determine the level of alcohol in their body; (c) if their blood, breath or urine test determines there was an alcohol level of .04 or more while operating the commercial vehicle in a public place; or (d) if there was an alcohol level of .08 or more while operating a motor vehicle (not a commercial vehicle) in a public place. Since there are several ways someone may lose their commercial driver's license it is in the person's best interest not to drink at all while driving their commercial vehicle. Even if they are not driving their commercial and later found not guilty of DWI their license may still be suspended if they blew over .08. There is just too much at stake for someone that needs their commercial license to make a living to drink and drive in any circumstance. Tags: DWI commercial license, Attorney for DWI arrest in Houston, Criminal Law, DWI, Houston DWI, Houston DWI consequences, Police, Probation What a judge tries to do to beat his DWI... A New Jersey Judge used several tactics to avoid a DWI conviction. The judge tried using chapstick to avoid blowing into the breathalyzer machine. Next, he stuck a penny in his mouth. I am pretty sure that he did these things because nothing can be in or around someones mouth for a given period of time before the test is administered. Nevertheless, the judge eventually blew into the machine and was convicted of DWI. On top of that, the judge has been reprimanded with this conduct. He may even lose his judicial position. If you ever get pulled over for DWI you have the option not to take the breath test in the state of Texas. Therefore, refuse the test instead of trying to deceive the machine or the officer because you will be hurting your case more by using these tactics. Tags: Criminal Law, DWI, DWI should I blow, Police, breath test machine What is this SCRAM device the judge has ordered me to get for my DWI case? The courts of Harris County, Texas are always attempting to monitor a person's alcohol consumption when charged with a DWI. There are several reasons the court attempts this, mostly it is because as a condition of probation a person is not allowed to consume alcohol. Another is because a person has been previously convicted of an alcohol related driving offense and now there on bond in their court. The ways the court has tried to do this include: by ordering for urine analysis, random alcohol screenings, installing breath reading equipment in your home or vehicle (interlock), and ordering the SCRAM Device The SCRAM (a Secure Continuous Remote Alcohol Monitor) allows the court to monitor your alcohol intake continuously. When the SCRAM device is ordered by the court, a person will be fitted with a tamper-resistant ankle bracelet made up of two boxes. One box will conduct the tests that will compute your BAC (blood alcohol content). The second box stores the calculations and transmits the data. The SCRAM device is designed to test your BAC level every hour. If the device detects any alcohol in your system, the test repeats every thirty minutes. There are many different reasons the court orders a SCRAM to be installed. The reasons include being convicted of alcohol related offenses in the past; a person states that do not have a vehicle to install the guardian interlock, or a judge that finds it to be the best way to monitor an individual. The SCRAM device is expensive. You will have to pay a refundable $100 deposit, a $75 fitting fee, and a weekly fee while you are wearing the device . Most importantly, the fees must be paid in full before the device is installed and fitted. Tags: Criminal Law, DWI, DWI", Houston, Houston Criminal Attorney, Interlock alternatives, SRAM device My DWI video is missing in Houston....what now? Texas law requires a county the size of Harris to videotape anyone that is charged with a DWI. Most agencies usually leave their tape with the District's Office within the week of the arrest. Commonly, DPS takes much longer to drop off the tape. In my practice I have waited over a month to see a video made by DPS. Lately, I have had cases where the arresting officer does not drop off a video tape. When that happens the prosecutor has to make a decision whether to dismiss the DWI case or proceed to trial knowing that I will get an instruction for the jury letting them know that the police officer was required to make a video tape of the field sobriety tests. Luckily, I have come across reasonable prosecutors that have dismissed the DWI case when the video tape can not be found. I wonder if there is a reason this is happening and will it continue? The Martinez Law Firm: http://www.attorneydwi.net Tags: DWI, DWI defense in Houston, DWI field sobriety tests in Houston, Texas, Houston Court, Houston Criminal Attorney Will my DWI case in Houston be dismissed? If your DWI breath test case was reviewed by Deetrice Henderson Wallace, a scientist hired by Houston area police agencies, to inspect Intoxilyzer machines you may be in luck. The Texas Department of Public Safety has invalidated all breath tests she reviewed. Thus, your case may be found to be lacking sufficient evidence for a criminal conviction. I am confident that the Harris County District Attorney's Office will review each case individually in order to determine if they warrant a dismissal. The problem that I foresee is that the DA's office destroys all DWI video tapes after the case is over. Regardless, without a DWI tape or a breath test their DWI case becomes much harder to prove. I think they are going to find it problematic to review a DWI case when their key pieces of evidence are missing. Therefore, you may see more DWI dismissals by the Harris County Districts Attorney's Office after this announcement. Ms. Wallace has been charged with the state jail felony of Tampering of a Government Record. The range of punishment for a state jail felony is from 180 days to two years. Her case will be heard in the 182nd District Court of Harris County, Texas. The presiding judge of that court is Jeannine Barr. I am curious to see what the outcome of this case will be considering the damage it has done to credibility of future breath tests. Tags: 182nd District Court of Harris County, Criminal Law, DWI, Harris County Courthouse, Houston Criminal Attorney, Houston DWI, state jail felony range of punishment Houston DWI task force getting mobile. A bit like Bruce Wayne in Gotham the Houston Police Department is rolling out a DWI mobile van this Halloween weekend. The van is being hailed as the first of its kind. The Houston Police Department even expects to have several more of these vans on the streets soon. I imagine the same breathalyzer machine will be used in these vans. If so, will the machine's owner release the software pertaining to how the machine works. If a machine is going to brand someone a criminal and effect their life so much the accused deserves to know how it works. Typically, prosecutors say that it is a trade secret of the company that makes the machine. That poses the question what is more important, the trade secrets of a company or the constitutional right to due process, which surely includes the right to examine a machine used to determine if someone is guilty? If you take the route of refusing to take the breath test you are not out of the woods. The DWI van is equipped for a quick warrant to be faxed in where an on-call judge can force the involuntarily draw of blood from the accused. Does that mean that the van will have nurses ready to draw blood? How well will the Houston Police Department be able to preserve the evidence? We all know how well the Houston Police Department has handled important evidence in the past. Contact an attorney from our firm for more information, click here to view our website. Tags: breathalyzer , DWI, DWI van, Houston Criminal Attorney, Houston DWI, Police, arrest" Breathalyzer Supervisor for DWI cases in Houston faked records A Texas Department of Public Safety audit has revealed that the breath tests from eight Houston area police departments have been comprised because the test machines were not properly tested by the certified supervisor. The machines in question are the breathalyzers that are used to determine if someone is legally intoxicated. How is the Harris County District Attorney's Office going to handle this tricky situation. Will current cases be dismissed? Will there be any retrials of old cases? I imagine that the prosecutors will have to evaluate each case like there is no breath test. The likelihood is that you will see more breath test cases going to trial. Thus, a misdemeanor prosecutor's job just got harder. DPS officials said they suspended the supervisor’s certification, and the Texas Rangers launched a criminal investigation. “These are serious allegations and we will not tolerate any activities that call into question the integrity of the breath test system,” said Col. Stan Clark, interim DPS director. If DPS was truly concerned with the integrity of the breath test system they would release the machine's software to the defense bar so it could be independently tested. Until this happens the machine will never have any credibility. Lastly, will we be seeing criminal charges against the supervisor? It seems clear that he may be charged with falsifying government records, a felony. Stay tuned. Tags: Criminal Law, DWI, Harris County Courthouse, Harris County District Attorney's Office, Houston DWI, breathalyzer in Houston Do not make your DWI arrest even worse. A Houston DWI arrest has many consequences. For example, you could use lose your drivers license, your insurance rates may increase, and in Texas surcharges may be assessed. The last thing you want to do is make matters worse by trying to steal a police officer's car like someone tried to do last week. The police could decide to charge the person with DWI and also theft. In the above scenario the person could be charged with a felony since the vehicle is likely to be worth over $1500. In Texas, the state may prove that is a person is intoxicated one of three ways. They must prove that the person has lost the normal use of their mental or physical faculties or that their blood alcohol level is above .08. Do not assist the state by doing something like is mentioned above. In fact, try to do as little as possible. The best thing is just to be polite, and allow the police officer do his job while you say as little as possible. Keep in mind that you have the right to remain silent whenever you are being investigated by the police. Contact The Martinez Law Firm if you are facing a DWI charge. Tags: DWI, DWI arrest in Houston, DWI consequences in Houston, DWI defense in Houston, Houston Criminal Attorney, Houston DWI Four DWI arrests in two weeks. Robert Hood, a Texas resident, was able to get arrested four times in two weeks for driving while intoxicated. Remarkably, this occurred in the states of Wyoming, South Dakota, and Nebraska. Would this be possible in Houston, Harris County Texas? A person with no prior DWI convictions would still be considered a first offender in Texas. Luckily, Mr. Hood has not been convicted of DWI so he is still a first offender. Nevertheless, most judges in Houston would have made it difficult for Mr. Hood to drive a vehicle and treat him like a repeat offender while on bond. For instance, anyone who is arrested for DWI/DUI charge while on bond for DWI would be ordered to have a guardian interlock device installed in their vehicle. A guardian interlock device is an in car alcohol breath screening device that prevents a vehicle from starting if it detects a blood alcohol concentration (BAC) over a pre-set limit of .02 (i.e., 20 mg of alcohol per 100 ml of blood). The device is located inside the vehicle, near the driver’s seat, and is connected to the engine’s ignition system. Moreover, their bond would be set higher and higher after each arrest. Perhaps, a judge would go as far as not granting a bond after his third or fourth arrest. Therefore, the likelihood a Houston Harris County, Texas judge allowing this to happen is unlikely. If you are facing a DWI conviction then you owe it to yourself to consult with a member of our team today. Visit our website for more information. Tags: Criminal Law, DWI, DWI arrest in Houston, First DWI offense in Houston, Houston Criminal Attorney, Houston DWI Posted on October 9, 2008 by Herman Martinez Thankful to Have a Jury Trial for DWI in Texas. After wining a DWI trial today I am really thankful that I have the opportunity to prove my clients innocence. I am continually surprised to learn that many states do not provide this opportunity for those accused of DWI. If you would like to speak to an experienced DWI lawyer call us at (713) 242-1779 or visit our website at http://www.martinezlawhouston.com. Tags: Criminal Law, DWI, DWI Lawyer, DWI Trial, Houston Criminal Attorney, Houston DWI The truth is that being charged with driving while intoxicated in Houston, Texas is something that literally can happen to anyone that has an alcholic drink and drives a vehicle. You should not have to feel embarrassed or confused about...More... Topics Bonding Harris County Courthouse Harris County District Attorney's Office Hiring an Attorney Houston Assault Houston Court Houston Criminal Attorney Houston DWI Houston DWI Attorney Houston DWI Lawyer Houston Drug Possession Houston marijuana possession Recent Updates Teen Drinking Consequences in Texas Leaving The Scene Of An Accident Can Be Worse Than DWI In Harris County, Texas New Tests Enable Detection of Synthetic Marijuana Use Do I Need To Hire a Theft Lawyer? From One Tower To Another Links The Texas BarTexas Department of Criminal Justice Inmate LocatorHarris County Jail Inmate Locator Houston Criminal Defense Lawyer & Attorney Herman Martinez, offering services related to DWI, driving while intoxicated, assault, theft, forgery, drug possession, sex crimes, probation violation and all State & Federal criminal matters. LexBlog Lawyer Blogs and Law Firm Blog Design Copyright © 2014, Herman Martinez. 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November 23, 2013 - 9:15 am - 10:15 am Back to Calendar	2014-15/0022/en_head.json.gz/6130	{"url": "http://www.houstonzoo.org/event/?mc_id=1238&yr=2014&month=02&dy=19&time=day&mcat=all", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.houstonzoo.org", "date_download": "2014-04-16T08:37:15Z", "digest": "sha1:PF7NNIFPTFV2DNYCEDWT3AUG5IO2VFAX"}	{"ccnet_length": [[0, 55, 55.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 55, 53513.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 55, 1.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 55, 1234.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 55, 0.76]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 55, 68.1]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 55, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 55, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 55, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 55, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 55, 0.17647059]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 55, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 55, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 55, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 55, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 55, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 55, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 55, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 55, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 55, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 55, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 55, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 55, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 55, 0.64705882]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 55, 0.9]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 55, 3.9]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 55, 0.0]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 55, 2.16395566]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 55, 10.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 55, 0.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 55, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 55, 10.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 55, 0.27083333]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 55, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 55, 0.05454545]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 55, -1.001e-05]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 55, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 55, -1.001e-05]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 55, -24.09006552]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 55, -11.94148309]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 55, -13.80735273]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 55, 1.0]], "is_duplicate": false}
April 2, 2013 - 2:00 pm - Back to Calendar	2014-15/0022/en_head.json.gz/6131	{"url": "http://www.houstonzoo.org/event/?mc_id=143&yr=2014&month=1&dy=&cid=all", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.houstonzoo.org", "date_download": "2014-04-16T08:45:35Z", "digest": "sha1:R4SOQP3L2SIVZTXR7YH5XQL3JQG5T5UR"}	{"ccnet_length": [[0, 42, 42.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 42, 53559.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 42, 1.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 42, 1237.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 42, 0.75]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 42, 129.5]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 42, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 42, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 42, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 42, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 42, 0.07692308]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 42, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 42, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 42, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 42, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 42, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 42, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 42, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 42, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 42, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 42, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 42, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 42, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 42, 0.61538462]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 42, 1.0]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 42, 3.625]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 42, 0.0]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 42, 2.07944154]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 42, 8.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 42, 0.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 42, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 42, 8.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 42, 0.22222222]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 42, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 42, 0.07142857]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 42, -1.001e-05]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 42, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 42, -1.001e-05]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 42, -18.56566636]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 42, -8.09236141]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 42, -9.83389956]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 42, 1.0]], "is_duplicate": false}
Which Hollywood Action Hero Is A Lifelong Dungeons & Dragons Geek? The History of Nintendo: Gambling, Gangsters, and Love Hotels We’ve all come to know and love Nintendo as the console maker that gave us Mario, Metroid, and the Legend of Zelda. The history of the company is an interesting, and not so squeaky clean one, however. Over at the gaming blog Kotaku they’ve shared an interesting history of the Nintendo corporation that covers aspects of the company’s dealings over the last 130 years. Nintendo got its start when playing cards were legalized in Japan in the latter part of the 19th century: In the late 19th century, thirty-year-old Fusajiro Yamauchi saw an opportunity when the Meiji Government legalized hanafuda playing cards in 1886 after opening itself to the West. Those like Yamauchi who previously played cards illicitly were permitted to openly indulge in their pastime. Yamauchi set up shop in fall 1889, producing hand-made hanafuda cards. The stone building, erected in 1933, often referred to as the original Nintendo headquarters, is not where the card company was born. The first Nintendo office was in a small, two-story building next to the stone structure. It’s here that Yamauchi started crafting and selling Nintendo hanafuda. Hit up the link below to keep reading and hear how the primary audience for Nintendo’s early years was Japanese gangsters, they operated no-tell-motels in the 1960s, and more. The Nintendo They’ve Tried to Forget: Gambling, Gangsters, and Love Hotels [Kotaku] SHOW ARCHIVED READER COMMENTS (1) Technobabble77 Might want to add a NSFW tag next to the link… DID YOU KNOW?The voice actors behind Mickey and Minnie Mouse throughout 1980s, 1990s, and most of the 2000s were real-life husband and wife: Wayne Allwine and Russi Taylor. How to Play Old LAN Games Over the Internet Is There Any Reason to Actually Shut Down Your Computer? How to Monitor and Control Your Children’s Computer Usage on Windows 8 How to Add “Scan with Windows Defender” to the Context Menu in Windows 8 HTG Explains: Do You Need to Use a Driver Cleaner When Upgrading Hardware Drivers? 15 System Tools You Don’t Have To Install on Windows Anymore 4 Hidden Window Management Tricks on the Windows Desktop 6 Games Banned From iOS That You Can Play on Android or the Web HTG Explains: Do You Need to Worry About Updating Your Desktop Programs?	2014-15/0022/en_head.json.gz/6132	{"url": "http://www.howtogeek.com/93136/the-history-of-nintendo-gambling-gangsters-and-love-hotels/", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.howtogeek.com", "date_download": "2014-04-16T07:17:45Z", "digest": "sha1:O6NB5A5MODXFPLYTMM5M4XLVZOUZA4BC"}	{"ccnet_length": [[0, 2371, 2371.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 2371, 4020.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 2371, 20.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 2371, 82.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 2371, 0.92]], 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Reader Comment: by Eliza Winters "I think that the new emission standards are a great move. I think that the"....Read the story... Join other discussions. Country doctor still makes rounds in Texas town YOAKUM, Texas (AP)--In this sleepy country town, which sprang up around a railroad junction and the start of the Chisholm trail, folks give out their phone numbers by the last four digits, the annual Tom-Tom festival culminates with the crowning of the Tomato King and Queen, and everybody knows Doc Watson. Over the last fifty years, the tall and lanky family practitioner--part Marcus Welby, part Gary Cooper--delivered a good many of the town's residents and doctored most of the others. The night Janet Jaco's little girl had to be rushed to the hospital with a sudden hemorrhage, David Watson walked the four blocks from his house to the Yoakum Community Hospital every hour on the hour to check on his patient and offer a comforting shoulder to her worried mother. The night the hospital urgently needed blood for an obstetrics patient, Watson rushed down from his office to donate some of his O-negative, then stayed to call in other townspeople with the right blood type. (He knew who they were). The day after a torrential rainfall, Bernice Watson remembers, her husband did not let flooded roads stop him from getting to an ailing neighbor. He just hopped aboard a tractor, one arm around the driver, the other clutching his battered leather doctor's bag. That brown bag, frayed at the seams and tattooed with scratches and stains, carries the scars of countless such moments of birth, death and recovery. Watson brought it with him when he first arrived in Yoakum in 1958, just out of medical school and itching to stake his claim as a country doctor in a small town. And that he did. Delivering babies, performing emergency surgeries, treating sore throats, broken arms and cancer, and getting to know several generations of patients in the town of 6,000, about 100 miles east of San Antonio. "He's always right there when you need him," said Karen Barber, CEO of the Yoakum Community Hospital, where a wing is named after Watson. "There's never a second thought for him. He just does what needs to be done." This month, Watson received the Country Doctor of the Year award, which honors a primary care physician who best exemplifies the spirit of rural practitioners. The award is given out by Staff Care, the largest physician staffing service in the country, which hopes to attract more young doctors to family practice. Like country doctors and house calls, family practitioners are a disappearing breed. In 1998, half of the medical graduates in the U.S. went into primary care. In 2006, that number had dropped to 38 percent. Most graduates now prefer to go into higher-paying specialties like dermatology or anesthesiology. That never appealed to Watson, who grew up the son of a Methodist minister in East Texas. "I never wanted to be anything other than a family doctor," said Watson, as he sat in the hospital cafeteria on a recent December day. Pork chops and chicken fried steak ("good home cooking," noted Watson) were on the menu, a reminder of the small town atmosphere that drew the Baylor College of Medicine graduate to Yoakum. Back then, Watson charged $3 for office visits and $5 for house calls, but he often accepted other kinds of payment including home-made pies, fresh vegetables, deer meat and sausages. One grateful patient gave Watson, a hardcore golfer, one of her husband's old 2-irons. It still sits in a corner of his office. As a teenager, his oldest daughter, Debbie Austin, once chastised her father for letting patients pay with produce and baked goods. His response: "These people have paid me with what they could. As far as I'm concerned, they're paid in full." "I remember feeling like I got a big lecture without being yelled at," Austin recalled. "My dad really is a doctor, a true doctor." Like his doctor's satchel, Watson has been weathered by time, his hair gone to silver, his posture slightly stooped. But his commitment to the town of Yoakum, and the practice of family medicine remains undimmed. At 78, he still sees up to 30 patients a day at the Yoakum Medical Clinic, the office where he has worked for half a century, visits another 30 patients during daily rounds at the hospital and a local nursing home, treats children at the Bluebonnet Youth Ranch and continues to make house calls. "He made me feel like I had a friend. He was so sweet and attentive," said Jaco, the director of the Youth Ranch, whose daughter recovered from her middle-of-the-night emergency and is now grown and married. "I remember thinking: What other doctor would do this?" Inside the small brick medical clinic, furnished with old-fashioned mint-green metal medicine cabinets, Watson greets his patients like old friends, asking about their families and their hobbies as well as their health. He carefully reads through their medical file, still kept in brown folders. No computerized record-keeping here. A color-coded wheel outside each examining room door keeps track of the patients. Green means the patient is ready to see the doctor. Red, the doctor is in the room. Yellow, the doctor needs something. Blue, the room is free. And Watson sits face-to-face with his patients during the examination, checking pulses by hand, not machine. "Lou used to run the golf shop," Watson says, as he examines 80-year-old Lou Olsovsky, who suffers from diabetes and uses a walker. "He's on a bunch of pills, but he's still with us." "You lost your wife four years ago?" asks Watson, as he places a stethoscope to Olsovsky's chest. "You're ready to go meet her, aren't you? You're tired of pills." "I was supposed to go first, but she wouldn't let me," sighs Olsovsky, who still wears a wedding ring. Blood pressure good. Blood sugar good. No swelling in the legs. Olsovsky can come back in two months for his next check-up. "If you ever want to come to the golf course, let me know," Watson says, patting his patient gently on the shoulder. "I'll come pick you up." Watson drops Olsovsky's chart into a plastic slot, turns the color wheel to blue and heads to the next examining room. This country doctor is doing what he loves, and has no plans to slow down. "When I can't do crossword puzzles anymore, I'll know it's time to quit," said Watson, a voracious reader and student of history who is as ready to deliver a wry joke as a comforting word. "But as long as I'm reasonably healthy, and have a little sense, I'll keep doing it." 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Quest for Performance: The Evolution of Modern Aircraft Part I: THE AGE OF Chapter 5: Design Refinement, Examples of World War II [120] Aircraft employed in World War II were usually designed to fill mission requirements in one or more of the following broad (1) Heavy bombers (2) Attack and light bombers (3) Fighters and interceptors (4) Patrol and reconnaissance (5) Transport and utility (6) Training Many aircraft specifically designed for use in one of these categories were later found to be useful in other categories with only minor modifications. There is no feasible way of describing all the outstanding World War II aircraft in such a short account as this one. A number of the books listed in the references at the end of this volume contain excellent detailed descriptions of the various aircraft used by the different warring powers during World War II. For those particularly interested in United States combat aircraft, reference 118 is highly recommended. Fighters and bombers of World War II are described in great detail in references 58 to 63. Combat aircraft of all the nations that saw operational service are described in reference 112. A few examples of much-used United States bomber and fighter aircraft are illustrated and described below. These aircraft are representative of a vast array of very good aircraft produced by both Allied and Axis countries during World War II. The aircraft of no one country held a clear and continuing technical advantage over those of another country for very long. United States, British, and German aircraft were usually of about the same state of the art from a technological viewpoint. Detailed refinements discussed in the preceding paragraphs frequently spelled the difference between success and failure in combat operations. Essentially, all combat aircraft utilized in the World War II [121] period were, as previously described, designed to the same cantilever monoplane formula with retractable landing gear, variable-pitch propeller, and metal construction. Bomber Aircraft The bomber aircraft discussed here fall into the following categories: heavy, very heavy, and medium multiengine bombers, and single-engine Navy scout bombers. Discussed first are the heavy bombers. Two outstanding heavy bombers that served with the U.S. Army Air Force were the Boeing B-17 and the Consolidated B-24. The two types are best remembered as the aircraft that carried out the United States strategic bombing offensive against Germany. The Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress, which first flew in prototype form in 1935, is described in chapter 4 and illustrated in figure 4.13. The B-24 Liberator, designed several years later than the B-17, was first flown as a prototype in December 1939, and the first production aircraft was delivered in 1941. The B-24, a four-engine, 56 000-pound bomber, had roughly the same gross weight and was designed for the same mission as the B-17 but differed radically in design concept and appearance from the Boeing aircraft. The B-24 bomber is illustrated in figure 5.7, and the characteristics of a B-24J are given in table III (appendix A). The most distinguishing features of the B-24 as contrasted with the B-17 were the high-aspect-ratio wing mounted atop the fuselage, the tricycle landing gear, and the two fins and rudders. The wing of the B-24 had a very high aspect ratio of 11.55 and employed the much-publicized Davis airfoil section that, according to the popular aviation literature of the day, was supposed to provide the aircraft with unusually efficient aerodynamic characteristics. Later, wind-tunnel tests showed that while the Davis airfoil had reasonably good aerodynamic characteristics it offered no marked superiority over contemporary airfoils of that time period. The high-wing position employed on the B-24 offered the distinct advantage of allowing the bomb bay, including bomb-bay doors, to be housed directly beneath the wing, thus permitting the bomb load to be located in the optimum position with respect to the aircraft center of gravity. The high wing, however, had the disadvantage of requiring the use of relatively long, heavy landing-gear struts. An examination of the data given in tables II and III shows that the zero-lift drag coefficient of the B-24 was 0.0406 (table III) as compared with 0.0302 (table II) for the B-17. Because of its high-aspect-ratio wing, however, the maximum lift-drag ratio of the B-24 was about the same... [122] Figure 5.7 - Consolidated B-24 heavy bomber. [NASA] ....as that of the B-17. The B-24 had a maximum speed of 290 miles per hour and, on a typical mission, could carry a 5000-pound bomb load for a distance (one way) of 1700 miles. The B-24 was equipped with four 14-cylinder Pratt & Whitney engines of 1200 horsepower each. These engines employed turbo superchargers, just as did the Wright Cyclone engines used on the B-17, and had a critical altitude of about 30 Both the B-17 and the B-24 were designed for high-altitude precision bombing in daylight without protection from fighter escort. In concept, the aircraft were to fly in close formation and protect themselves and each other with concentrated machine-gun fire. In accordance with this doctrine, the B-17G carried no less than 13 .50-caliber machine guns and the B-24J had 10 such guns. In spite of this formidable armament, however, combat experience showed an unacceptable loss rate from enemy air attack until fighter escort was provided for the bombers. Another aspect of the United States strategic bombing offensive against Germany that deserves mention was the effect of the hostile high-altitude environment on the air crews. Neither the B-17 nor the B-24 was pressurized or heated. Temperatures in the range from -30 F to - 50 F were encountered at altitudes of 25 000 feet and above; and although crew members wore electrically heated flying suits, severe cases of frostbite were not uncommon. Later-generation bombers intended for high altitude operations were both pressurized and heated. Somewhat over 18 000 B-24's were produced-more than any other American combat aircraft; furthermore, it was used as a bomber.... [123] Figure 5 8 - Boeing B-29 very heavy ...in every theater of operation. Among the B-24 types produced was cargo version known as the C-87 and a Navy patrol aircraft designated the PB4Y. The B-24 was a true workhorse and was used for many purposes other than its design role as a bomber. Let us turn now to another and later class of bomber, the Boeing B-29. The B-29 was designated as a very heavy bomber by the U.S. Army Air Forces and, with a gross weight of 120 000 pounds (later to increase to more than 140 000 pounds), was the heaviest combat aircraft to be produced in quantity by any country during World War II. It grew from a requirement for an aircraft capable of carrying a significantly greater load for a longer range than was possible with either the B-17 or the B-24. The first test flight was made on September 21, 1942, and the first operational sortie was made on June 5, 1944 in a mission against Bangkok that originated in India. Truly, a phenomenally short development time for such an advanced aircraft. A major instrument in the defeat of Japan, the B-29 was used with great effectiveness in night raids against Japanese industry during the latter part of 1944 and in 1945. The aircraft also had the distinction, some may think a dubious one, of carrying the only atomic bombs ever dropped in war. A B-29 is shown in figure 5.8, and characteristics of one version of the aircraft are given in III. An examination of the photograph and accompanying data shows that the very-high-aspect-ratio wing (11.50) was mounted vertically in the midposition on the long, slim fuselage. In contrast with the earlier Boeing B-17, the B-29 had a tricycle landing gear with each leg having a two-wheel bogie and with the main gear retracting into the inboard engine nacelles. Each of the four 18-cylinder Wright 3350 twin-row radial engines had two General Electric turbosuperchargers that gave the 2200-horsepower engines a critical altitude of about 30 000 feet. Air induction to the turbo superchargers was provided by ducts beneath the engine and gave the cowlings a distinctive oval shape. Engine power was transmitted to the air by means of four-blade controllable-pitch propellers. A notable design feature of the aircraft was the apparent lack of an identifiable windshield in front of the pilots' compartment. Actually, to reduce the drag associated with the usual type of windshield, the nose of the aircraft was transparent and provided visibility for both the pilots and the bombardier. Equipment innovations on the B-29 were pressurization and heating of the crew compartments and remotely controlled, power-operated gun turrets equipped with .50-caliber machine guns. Two of these turrets were on top and two were on the bottom of the fuselage. In addition, the tail gunner had two such machine guns as well as a 20-mm cannon. In addition to its great weight, another indication of the size of the B-29 was provided by the wing span of 141.3 feet. By comparison, the wing span of a modern Boeing 727 jet transport is 108 feet. Other parameters of the B-29 included a maximum speed of 357 miles per hour at 25 000 feet and a zero-lift drag coefficient of 0.0241. This drag coefficient was substantially lower than the corresponding value of 0.0302 for the B-17G, and the maximum value of the lift-drag ratio of the B-29 was 16.8 as compared with 12.7 for the earlier bomber (tables II and III). Even with Fowler-type wing flaps, somewhat similar to the flap shown fourth from the top in figure 5.3, the stalling speed was 105 miles per hour. Such a stalling speed was considered quite high for so large an aircraft when the B-29 was introduced. For a ferry flight the aircraft had a range of about 5000 miles. A maximum payload of 20 000 pounds could be carried for 2800 miles; on a typical operational mission, 12 000 pounds of bombs could be carried for a distance (one way) of 3700 miles. The characteristics of the B-29 indicate that it represented a substantial advancement in design refinement as compared with earlier bombers. The B-29 and its look-alike successor the B-50 continued in service with the United States Air Force for many years following the close of World War II. A number of these outstanding aircraft served their final years as tankers for air refueling of more modern, high-performance aircraft. The last of the B-50 tankers was retired in 1968. In addition to strategic bombers, medium bombers and attack aircraft comprised another class of vehicle that usually had two engines [125] and were considerably lighter than the heavy, strategic type of aircraft. They were employed for short-range bombing missions and various types of ground support activities. The United States used a number of aircraft types in short-range bombing and ground support missions. Perhaps the best known of these aircraft were the North American B-25, known as the Mitchell, and the Martin B-26, known as the Marauder. The Martin B-26 is illustrated in figure 5.9, and some of the important characteristics of the aircraft are given in III. The twin-engine B-26 follows the same high-wing monoplane formula as the Consolidated B-24 and had the same type of tricycle landing gear. Both the B-25 and the B-26 had the tricycle gear, and these aircraft, together with the B-24, set a precedent for landing gear design in future Air Force bomber aircraft. The B-26 was equipped with two of the new 18-cylinder Pratt & Whitney twin-row radial engines of 2000 horsepower each. Since the aircraft was intended to operate at medium to low altitudes, these engines were only mildly supercharged and developed 1490 horsepower each at 14 300 feet. The aircraft weighed 37 000 pounds fully loaded and had, for that day (1940) the exceedingly high wing loading of 56.2 pounds per square foot. By comparison, the B-17 had a wing loading of 38.7 pounds per square foot, and the Seversky P-35 fighter had a wing loading of 25.5 pounds per square foot. As a result of the high wing loading and relatively ineffective flaps, the stalling speed of the B-26 was a very high 122 miles per hour. The high stalling speed together with certain other characteristics made the B-26 a demanding airplane for the pilot, and many accidents occurred in training with this aircraft. As a result, the B-26 was.... Figure 5.9 - Martin B-26F medium bomber. [Peter C. Boisseau] [126] frequently referred to by such unflattering names as "widow maker" and "the flying prostitute" (i.e., no visible means Of Support). The zero-lift drag coefficient of the B-26 was 0.0314, which was considerably lower than the 0.0406 of the B-24 and about the same as the value of 0.0302 for the B-17. Other characteristics of the B-26 included a maximum speed of 274 miles per hour at 15 000 feet and the ability to carry a 4000-pound bomb load for a distance of 1100 miles. Armament consisted of 11 .50-caliber machine guns capable of being fired in various directions; several fixed, forward-firing guns were provided for ground attack use. The Martin B-26 was ordered into production directly from the drawing board in September 1940, and a total of 5157 were built. The aircraft was used in both the European and Pacific theaters of operation but was little used in the peacetime Air Force following the cessation of hostilities in 1945. The North American B-25, counterpart of the B-26, was produced in greater numbers than the B-26 and is perhaps better known today because it was the aircraft used by James H. Doolittle in the famous Tokyo raid of April 1942. About 9800 models of the B-25 were constructed, and they served with the Air Force following World War II in a variety of training and support roles. In other countries, they remained as a primary bomber aircraft until comparatively recent years. Multiengine bombers, such as those just discussed, usually dropped their bombs from a level flight attitude or, in the case of medium bombers in the ground attack mode, from a shallow dive. In contrast, an entirely different technique known as dive bombing was pioneered by the U.S. Navy during the decade preceding World War II. In this method of operation, the aircraft was put into a vertical or near-vertical dive at an altitude 15 000 to 20 000 feet and aimed directly at the target. Bomb release usually took place at about 3000 feet, after which the aircraft made a high-g dive recovery to a level flight attitude. Dive bombing was found to be especially suited for use against small, slow-moving targets such as tanks and ships and was employed with devastating effectiveness against Japanese naval forces during World War II. Dive bombers were usually single-engine aircraft with a crew of two: a pilot and a rear-facing gunner situated behind the pilot. The most widely used U.S. Navy dive bomber during World War II was the Curtiss SB2C Helldiver series of which an SB2C-1 is illustrated in figure 5.10. The name "Helldiver" traced its origin to an earlier Curtiss dive bomber of biplane configuration that appeared in the 1930's. With a wing span of nearly 50 feet and a normal gross weight of 14 730 pounds, the SB2C-1 was a large single-engine aircraft. Equipped with a 1750-horsepower twin-row radial engine, the aircraft had a maximum speed of 281 miles per hour at 12 400 feet; a stalling speed of 79 miles per hour facilitated operation of the SB2C-1 from the short deck of an aircraft carrier. Internal storage was provided in the fuselage for a 1000-pound bomb. Typically, the aircraft could carry this bomb load for a distance of 1100 miles. Armament varied with different models of the aircraft. In one arrangement, four .50-caliber machine guns were fitted in the wings and the observer had two .30-caliber guns. Figure 5.10 shows the configuration of the SB2C-1 to have been entirely conventional for its time. A feature of the aircraft not evident in the photograph was the dive brakes used for limiting the speed of the aircraft while in its steep dive to the target. Trailing-edge split flaps that opened in a symmetrical configuration from the top and bottom surfaces of the wing were employed for this purpose; the symmetrical arrangement minimized the effect of flap deployment on longitudinal stability and trim. To reduce tail buffeting, the flaps were perforated with a large number of holes in the order of 3 inches in diameter (the exact size is not known). For landing, only the lower surface flaps were deflected. The need for dive brakes can be explained as follows: First, the normal acceleration, or g-load experienced by an aircraft during dive recovery, varies inversely as the radius of the pullout maneuver and directly as the square of the velocity; second, the accuracy with which the bomb can be dropped increases as the altitude of bomb release is reduced. Since 9 g's is about the maximum normal acceleration that a person can withstand and remain effective, the structural design... Figure 5. 10 - Curtiss SB2C-1 carrier-based scout bomber. (NASA] [128]...of the Helldiver was based on this loading. Hence, the dive speed had to be limited to stay within design load limits and, at the same time, permit bomb release at the desired altitude. Most modern jet fighters, of course, employ some form of speed brake, but the use of such devices was not common practice on World War II aircraft except for aircraft designed for dive bombing. First flight of the Helldiver took place in December 1940, and it first entered combat in November 1943. Including Canadian production, a total of over 7000 Helldivers were manufactured. The type was withdrawn from service in the U.S. Navy in 1949 after a long and useful career. Each of the major Allied and Axis powers developed a series of effective fighter aircraft. The British Hawker Hurricane and Supermarine Spitfire will long be remembered, particularly as being responsible for the air victory in the critical Battle of Britain in 1940. The famous German Messerschmitt 109 was the principal antagonist of the Spitfire and Hurricane during the Battle of Britain, and together with the Focke-Wulf 190, formed the mainstay of the Luftwaffe fighter forces until the end of World War II. The Japanese Mitsubishi Zero probably is the best-remembered Japanese fighter in this country because of the role it played in the attack on Pearl Harbor in December 1941. The North American P-51 Mustang, the Republic P-47 Thunderbolt, and the Lockheed P-38 Lightning are the best known of the U.S. Army Air Force fighters employed in World War II; the Grumman F6F Hellcat and the Vought F4U Corsair are equally well remembered for the outstanding role they played as Navy fighters during the fierce conflicts in the Pacific area. A brief description of the North American P-51 and the Grumman F617 follows. These aircraft are considered typical of World War II land- and carrier-based fighter aircraft as employed by the United States armed forces. Because of its unusual configuration and interesting technical features, the Lockheed P-38 Lightning is also discussed. The North American P-51 Mustang is considered by many to represent the highest level of technical refinement ever achieved in a propeller-driven fighter aircraft. The P-51 was originally designed to a British specification for use by the Royal Air Force (RAF) and was later adopted by the U.S. Army Air Forces. The aircraft was ordered by a British purchasing commission during the hectic days of April 1940, [129] with the understanding that the prototype was to be completed within 120 days. The prototype was completed on schedule; however, first flight was delayed until October 1940. The aircraft first saw combat service with the RAF in July 1942. At first, the aircraft was equipped with a 12-cylinder Allison in-line engine of about 1200 horsepower. With this engine, the aircraft was intended as a low-attitude fighter and ground-attack machine. Later, the North American airframe was mated with the British Rolls-Royce Merlin engine, and this combination resulted in one of the outstanding fighter aircraft of World War II The Merlin was a liquid-cooled engine that employed 12 cylinders arranged in a V-configuration and was equipped with a two-speed two-stage gear-driven supercharger. The engine developed 1490 horsepower at takeoff and was capable of producing 1505 horsepower under war emergency conditions at the critical altitude of 19 300 feet. The Merlin engine was produced under license in the United States by the Packard Motor Car Company. The P-51 Mustang was produced in many variants, of which the most numerous and best known was the P-51D illustrated in figure 5.11. Specifications for the aircraft are given in table III. Figure 5.11 shows the aircraft was equipped with a low wing, which was a highly... Figure 5.11 - North American P-51D fighter. [Peter C. [130] ...favored wing position for fighter aircraft during World War II. The use of the in-line engine of low frontal area resulted in a fuselage of relatively low total wetted area and gave the aircraft a lean, streamlined appearance. The low frontal area of the in-line engine was one of the chief advantages cited for this type of power plant; the disadvantage was the vulnerability of the cooling system to enemy fire. The aft location of the cooling radiator and its associated inlet and internal flow system is of interest. The system was designed with the objective of obtaining a net thrust from the cooling air as a result of heat addition from the engine coolant. This feature no doubt contributed to the very low drag coefficient of the aircraft. The P-51 was also the first aircraft to utilize the NACA laminar-flow airfoil sections, discussed earlier. Although it is doubtful that any significant laminar flow was achieved on production versions of the Mustang, the low-drag airfoils did provide improved characteristics at high subsonic Mach numbers. A typical value of maximum gross weight for the P-51D was 10 100 pounds, although this value varied to some extent depending upon the external armament and fuel load. The wing loading corresponding to the 10 100-pound gross weight was 43 pounds per square foot, and the power loading was 6.8 pounds per horsepower. A typical maximum speed was 437 miles per hour at 25 000 feet, and the stalling speed was 100 miles per hour. The zero-lift drag coefficient of 0.0163 was the lowest of any of the aircraft analyzed herein, and the corresponding value of the maximum lift-drag ratio was 14.6. The Mustang was therefore an extremely clean airplane. The aerodynamic cleanness of the aircraft was due, in large measure, to careful attention to detailed design and continued refinement of the aircraft during its production lifetime. The Mustang was utilized in various types of fighter operations, including high-altitude air-to-air combat as well as ground-support and interdiction missions. It had a service ceiling of 40 900 feet and could climb to 20 000 feet in 7.3 minutes. Armament varied but usually consisted of six .50-caliber machine guns, three in each wing, and it could carry two 1000-pound bombs or six 5-inch rockets. Equipped with drop tanks, the P-51D had a range of 1650 miles at a speed of 358 miles per hour and an altitude of 25 000 feet. In contrast to the short range of contemporary British and German fighters, the range capability of the Mustang, as well as the P-47 and P-38, allowed it to be used with great effectiveness in escorting formations of B-17 and B-24 bombers on long-range missions. The P-51 was the only fighter to fly over three enemy capitals - Berlin, Rome, and Tokyo. [131] A total of 14 490 aircraft of the P-51 series were constructed. The aircraft was used in all theaters of operation during World War II, was called into use by the U.S. Air Force again during the Korean War, and was used by a number of foreign air forces for many-years. Many P-51 aircraft are flying in the United States today as unlimited racing aircraft and even for executive transport use. A turboprop version of the Mustang has recently been proposed as a cheap, close-air-support aircraft for use by small, undeveloped countries in various parts of the world. An interesting history of the P-51 aircraft is given in reference 66. Entirely different in configuration from the conventional single-engine fighter of World War II, the twin-engine Lockheed P-38 Lightning is depicted in early form in figure 5.12. In this unusual but highly practical arrangement, the pilot and armament were housed in the center pod, and the liquid-cooled engines together with cooling-air intakes, radiators, and turbosuperchargers were located in the twin booms that also supported the tall. The P-38 was the first fighter designed in the United States to be equipped with a tricycle landing gear: the nose gear retracted into the center pod; and the main gear, into the booms. It was also the first United States aircraft of any type to employ external surfaces composed of butt-joined metal skins with flush rivets. Other innovations employed in later versions of the aircraft included hydraulically boosted ailerons and provisions for use of partial.... Figure 5.12 - Lockheed YP-38 twin-engine fighter. [Rudy Arnold via ukn] [132] ...deflection (8°) of the trailing-edge Fowler flaps. Both of these modifications were intended to enhance maneuverability in combat. Powered controls and, to a lesser extent, maneuvering flaps are used on most modern jet fighters. The P-38, intended as an interceptor with the mission of destroying enemy bombers at high altitude, was designed according to specifications issued in 1937 that called for speeds of 360 to 400 miles per hour (sources differ on the exact value) at 20 000 feet and the capability of reaching that altitude in 6 minutes. The specification also contained demanding requirements for range, endurance, and landing and takeoff field length. A single-engine aircraft could not meet the mission requirements with any engine available at that time. Hence, the P-38 employed two engines. First flight of the prototype XP-38 was in January 1939, and the aircraft was first deployed in Europe by the United States Army Air Force (USAAF) in the fall of At a normal gross weight of 17 500 pounds and with a wing span of 52 feet, the P-38L, for which data are III, was for its day a large fighter. All versions of the aircraft were equipped with Allison V-12 liquid-cooled engines; those on the P-38L developed 1470 horsepower each. Maximum speed was 414 miles per hour at 25 000 feet; stalling speed was 105 miles per hour. The P-38 could climb to 20 000 feet in 7 minutes and had a service ceiling of 44 000 feet. With internal fuel only, the aircraft had a range of 475 miles at 339 miles per hour, or 1175 miles at 195 miles per hour; with drop tanks, the range was 2260 miles. Indeed, the P-38 was a high-performance aircraft. Even the prototype exceeded 400 miles per hour in 1939. Although its high speed was one of the great virtues of the P-38, this desirable characteristic was responsible for a serious problem encountered in the development of the aircraft. Little was known at that time about the problems associated with penetrating the Mach number regime characterized by large effects of compressibility (see discussion of fig. 5.6), and even less was known of means for alleviating such problems. A combination of the high speed reached in steep dives, together with a less than optimum high Mach number airfoil section, caused the P-38 to suffer severe compressibility problems. These problems manifested themselves in the form of buffeting, loss of control, difficulty in recovering from dives, and-in some cases-complete destruction of the aircraft. Many different modifications were tried before a successful solution to the problem was found. In the spring of 1942, NACA in conjunction with Lockheed devised a simple fix that came to be known as the dive-recovery [133] flap (not to be confused with the dive brake used on the SB2C. A short-span flap was located at the 30-percent-chord position behind the leading edge of the lower surface of the wing, just outboard of the booms. Deflection of these flaps in a high-speed dive increased the lift on the wings so that successful dive recovery was possible. Such flaps appeared on production aircraft beginning with the P-38J version. Among other aircraft employing this very effective device were the P47 Thunderbolt and the P-59 and P-80 jet fighters. (See Although never designed as a fighter for air-to-air combat with other fighter aircraft, the Lightning was widely used and highly effective in this role, particularly in the Pacific theater of operations. More Japanese aircraft were destroyed by the P-38 than by any other aircraft, and the two highest scoring American aces of World War II, Majors Richard I. Bong and Thomas B . McGuire, Jr., both flew the Lightning. It was used in all theaters in which the USAAF operated. As a fighter, several different combinations of armament were employed. Most aircraft had four .50-caliber machine guns and a 20-mm cannon located in the nose ahead of the pilot. Also, it could carry bombs weighing up to as much as 3200 pounds or 10 5-inch rockets. In addition to duties as a fighter, a photoreconnaissance version of the aircraft, designated F-5, saw extensive service. Many other types of military duty such as bombing and ground attack were performed by the P-38. Nearly 10 000 P-38's, including all models, were produced. Several of these are still flying today in the hands of dedicated antique aircraft collectors, and they were used for many years after World War II in aerial survey work. German pilots in North Africa paid the P-38 a tribute of sorts when they dubbed it "Der gabelschwanz teufel" (the fork-tailed devil). Navy fighter aircraft are intended primarily for operations from the short decks of aircraft carriers. Operation from an aircraft carrier poses certain constraints during the design of the aircraft. For example, the relatively short length of the flight deck (about 700 feet for the larger carriers employed during World War II) imposed restrictions on the stalling speed of the aircraft and thus required that Navy fighters have somewhat lower wing loadings than their counterparts in the USAAF. A tail hook must be provided to give rapid deceleration of the aircraft on touchdown, and this in turn required special strengthening of the rear portion of the fuselage. Furthermore, a carrier-based aircraft must be designed for higher landing sink rates than normally encountered in land-based aircraft; this higher sink rate requires a heavier landing gear and attachment structure. Since storage space both on the flight and [134] hanger decks is at a premium on an aircraft carrier, provision must also be made for folding the wings so that the required parking space is reduced. A number of aircraft companies specialized in the design and production of fighters for use on aircraft carriers. The Grumman Aircraft Engineering Company was one of the leading producers of Navy fighter aircraft during the 1930's (as it still is today), and the Navy entered World War II with the Grumman F4F Wildcat as its first-line fighter. Early in 1941, Grumman began the design of a new fighter as a replacement for the Wildcat. Much combat experience had been obtained in the European conflict and was utilized in the design of the new aircraft. Following entry of the United States in World War II in December 1941, the Wildcat saw extensive service in combat against the Japanese. Although the Wildcat was a good aircraft, it was not really competitive with the Japanese Zero shipboard fighter. The lessons learned in action with the Zero were also incorporated in the design of the new Grumman fighter. The prototype of this aircraft, known as the F6F Hellcat, first flew in June 1942, and deliveries of combat aircraft were made to the Navy in early 1943. The first operational use of the Hellcat was in the attack on Marcus Island from the carrier USS Yorktown in August 1943. It is indeed remarkable that the aircraft could be developed from a prototype to combat status in little more than a year. The Hellcat is illustrated in figure 5.13, and some of its characteristics are listed in table III. The aircraft was a rather bulky looking low-wing monoplane equipped with an 18-cylinder Pratt & Whitney twin-row radial engine of 2000 horsepower. The engine was equipped with a geared supercharger and gave 1970 horsepower at 16 900 feet. Although the USAAF deployed highly successful fighters with both air-cooled radial and liquid-cooled in-line engines, the U.S. Navy had employed air-cooled radial engines exclusively since the mid-1920's. Apparently, the Navy felt that the advantages of simplicity and reduced vulnerability to gunfire offered by the radial engine more than offset the disadvantages of increased frontal area. Although not evident in figure 5.13, the landing gear of the F6F retracted rearward and was enclosed within the wing root stubs. Outboard of the landing gear the wing could be rotated and folded aft so as to lie essentially flush along the sides of the fuselage to minimize the deck area required for the aircraft's storage. The Grumman F6F was, for its day, a relatively large aircraft with a fully loaded weight of 12 441 pounds. The wing loading, however, was only... [135] Figure 5.13 - Grumman F6F-3 carrier-based fighter. [Peter C. Boisseau] ...37.3 pounds per square foot, which gave a relatively modest stalling speed of 84 miles per hour. The aircraft had a maximum speed of 375 miles per hour at 17 300 feet. In spite of its bulky appearance, the Hellcat was a clean aircraft having a zero-lift drag coefficient of only 0.0211. Range of the Hellcat was 1090 miles on internal fuel only, and with drop tanks it was 1590 miles. It had a service ceiling of 38 400 feet and an initial rate of climb of 3500 feet per minute. Its armament consisted of six .50-caliber machine guns, three in each wing, and two 1000-pound bombs or six 5-inch rockets. The Grumman F6F Hellcat, of which 12 274 were produced, is considered by many to be the outstanding shipboard fighter of World War II. It was the standard carrier-based fighter employed by the U.S. Navy from mid-1943 until the end of World War II and accounted for the destruction of nearly 5000 enemy aircraft in air-to-air combat. The British Royal Navy took delivery of over 1100 Hellcats, which were used in operations from their carriers. The Hellcat was unusual, as compared with other combat aircraft employed in World War II, in that very few modifications were made to the aircraft during its service life. The F6F served for several years in the U.S. Navy following the close of the war. [136] The propeller-driven combat aircraft powered with reciprocating engines played a decisive role in World War II and reached a high level of perfection during that conflict. The revolutionary jet engine shaped the course of development of high-performance military aircraft in the post-World War II period. The propeller continued, of course, to be employed on various types of utility, transport, and patrol aircraft; but the development of the jet engine spelled the end for the high-performance propeller-driven fighter, bomber, and attack aircraft. The postwar development of propeller-driven aircraft has been primarily concerned with commercial and general aviation operations and is considered in the next chapter.	2014-15/0022/en_head.json.gz/6134	{"url": "http://www.hq.nasa.gov/pao/History/SP-468/ch5-3.htm", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.hq.nasa.gov", "date_download": "2014-04-16T07:35:09Z", "digest": "sha1:66HL4LT2EKBYT33YSCVTKOLXNQ3XBW7M"}	{"ccnet_length": [[0, 35667, 35667.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 35667, 35835.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 35667, 605.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 35667, 622.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 35667, 0.96]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 35667, 302.3]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 35667, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 35667, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 35667, 2.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 35667, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 35667, 0.36114588]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 35667, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": 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News Release — March 10, 2004 Go Out and Look: The Photography of Russell Lee From April 20 through October 17, in the Ransom Center Galleries" Three members of a ladies quintette at an all-daycommunity sing. Pie Town, New Mexico, June 1940. Fishermen with nets at spillway. Celilo Falls, Columbia River, Oregon, 1941. The Harry Ransom Center's exhibition "Go Out and Look: The Photography of Russell Lee" is designed to honor Lee's long association with Texas and The University of Texas at Austin and to celebrate his life and career. Running from April 20 through Oct. 17 in the Ransom Center Galleries, the exhibition showcases Lee (1903-1986), who earned the largest international and historic reputation of any Austin-based photographer. Lee's impact as a social documentarian and artist was established when he forsook careers in engineering and painting and became the most prolific and one of the best known photographers for Roy Stryker's now-legendary U.S. Farm Security Administration (FSA) between 1936 and 1942. After working for the FSA Lee built upon his work with equally impressive photography for the U.S. Army's Air Transport Command during World War II and then with the U.S. Department of the Interior's Survey of Mine Health and Safety in the mid-1940s. Lee had become a well-established and important American photographer by the time he and his wife, Jean, made Austin their home in 1947. By then Lee was largely able to pick and choose his projects and completed his professional career with pioneering work for Standard Oil of New Jersey, Jones & Laughlin Steel and the "Texas Observer" as well as with documentation of the political and social scene around the state. Among the many friends whom Russell knew and sometimes photographed were such Texas luminaries as John Henry Faulk, Ralph Yarborough, Creekmore Fath, Maury Maverick Jr., William Arrowsmith and Hart Stilwell. Lee began his association with The University of Texas with the publication of his "Italian Portfolio" -- commissioned by Arrowsmith as a special 1961 edition of "Texas Quarterly." A major 332-piece traveling retrospective of his work was mounted at The University of Texas Art Museum in 1965 before going on to the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C. It would lead to his appointment to the faculty of The University of Texas Art Department in that same year. During the next eight years Lee established and developed the first photography program in the Art Department and focused all his photographic activities into teaching. He turned out hundreds of students before he was required to retire in 1973. Even then, however, he continued to be an active part of the Austin and university photographic communities by remaining accessible to faculty, students, photographers, historians, social reformers, politicians and visitors throughout the remaining years of his life. The photographs in the exhibition are drawn entirely from the Russell Lee Master Print Collection in the Harry Ransom Center's Photography Department -- a gift of more than 800 photographs printed by the photographer himself and bequeathed to the Ransom Center upon his death. The exhibition images are presented in a general chronological fashion and feature a broad range of subject matter from most of Lee's subject portfolios made throughout his career, with a special concentration upon his pioneering FSA work. Other general bodies of work include images from such above-named periods as the Air Transport Command, the U.S. Coal Mines Survey, the Standard Oil years, the final decades in Texas and the famous but little-seen body of work that he did in Italy for the university's "Texas Quarterly." "Unlike a retrospective exhibition, which seeks a thematic approach to essaying critical distinctions within a lifetime of work, this show is intended to be chiefly celebratory, commemorating the richness of Lee's life, career, popularity and continuing influence," said Roy Flukinger, the Ransom Center's senior curator of photography and film and curator of the exhibition. The title of the show comes from Lee himself. Once, over beer and barbeque with a number of friends and students, he was asked what his legacy would be. He chuckled and replied: "Just say that I made people go out and look!" Click here to see a slideshow of Lee's work as well as hear information about his notable career. 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RESEARCHERS DISCOVER POSSIBLE NEW STROKE TREATMENT A team of researchers working in Texas and Florida have discovered new insights into how estrogen works, a finding that may lead to better treatments for stroke patients. Researchers from the University of North Texas Health Science Center at Fort Worth and the University of Florida's McKnight Brain Institute collaborated to discover a critical form estrogen takes that enables it to protect brain cells. "We discovered a major mechanism by which estrogen protects nerve cells," said James Simpkins, PhD, director of UNTHSC's Institute for Aging and Alzheimer's Disease Research. "We now know how estrogen keeps brain cells alive even when exposed to an insult like stroke, Alzheimer's disease or Parkinson's disease." "If a compound can retain estrogen's protective benefits and reduce the side effects because the estrogen is produced in a controlled fashion in the body, it could change the way one treats acute events, such as stroke and heart attack, and chronic conditions such as Alzheimer's disease. Essentially, patients will be able take advantage of the good effects of estrogen while minimizing the bad effects," Dr. Simpkins said. "Our group has begun evaluating compounds based on this discovery." Production of such a drug will require additional experimentation, clinical testing and is at least five years away, Simpkins said. The research findings are published online in the September 22 issue of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Science. Key to the discovery of the compound was the unraveling of the mystery of how the body naturally regenerates estrogen after a stroke. During a stroke, free radicals damage important cells in the body, most notably, nerve cells," said Laszlo Prokai, PhD, a chemist with UF's College of Pharmacy who discovered the mechanism by which the body regenerates estrogen. "That's where much of the debilitating effect of the stroke comes from, not from the primary incident - the clogging of the arteries and the shortage of blood - but after the surgeon opens an artery, for example, and the blood starts flowing through the previously blocked territory. Then the reactive oxygen species (free radicals) just start going rampant." Free radicals are unbalanced molecules than have lost an electron and try to stabilize themselves by stealing an electron from a nearby molecule, which creates a jumble of high energy particles that ricochet wildly and damage cells. In the case of stroke, the hydroxyl radical - a chemical compound consisting of one atom of hydrogen and one of oxygen - does a large part of the damage. Estrogen comes to the rescue by capturing the hydroxyl radical. "In layman's terms, a spill occurs when the blood starts flowing into the blocked territory, and the overflow hydroxyl radical is the spill," Dr. Prokai said. "The estrogen is the mop, soaking up the hydroxyl radicals before they do damage. But when the mop is saturated, you have to squeeze it to continue mopping. This mechanism has never been fully understood before." When the estrogen and hydroxyl radicals combine, an unusual molecule called a quinol is produced. In this form, the hydroxyl radicals are harmless, but the estrogen is no longer useful as an antioxidant. Dr. Prokai investigated and discovered chemicals in the body transform the quinol back to estrogen, effectively wringing out the mop and making it useful again. "It has been talked about for years that estrogen somehow participates in an (antioxidant) cycle, and until this work, no one really knew what the cycle was," said Bruce McEwen, PhD, a professor of neuroendocrinology at Rockefeller University in New York. "The cycle implies that estrogen doesn't have to be used up, that it can be rejuvenated to produce a chemical shield that gets rid of free radicals. Further, you can use tiny amounts of the estrogen derivative to set off this cycle. Showing a mechanism in which these effects can take place is an important step forward." In terms of therapies, scientists believe administering the quinol - the saturated mop - will deliver the protective benefits of estrogen, because the body will naturally wring it out and convert it to estrogen, while side effects associated with direct estrogen therapy, such as feminization in men, may remain in check. This could eventually be a viable alternative to hormone replacement therapy, which is a combination of estrogen plus progestin, a synthetic substance that mimics the hormone progesterone to oppose estrogen's undesirable effects on the uterus. While the natural loss of estrogen as women age may contribute to higher risk of stroke and heart disease, the American Heart Association does not advise women to take hormone replacement therapy. Furthermore, scientists at the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute in 2002 stopped a large study of such therapy because it increased the risk of invasive breast cancer and blood clots in the legs and lungs and failed to protect women from stroke. -30- If you are with the media and need additional information or would like to arrange an interview, please contact Jeff Carlton, Director of Media Relations, at 817-735-7630.	2014-15/0022/en_head.json.gz/6136	{"url": "http://www.hsc.unt.edu/news/newsrelease.cfm?ID=204", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.hsc.unt.edu", "date_download": "2014-04-16T07:17:30Z", "digest": "sha1:ACC7NQNKXYLDTBHCNNZD3Y2VOJAYSABO"}	{"ccnet_length": [[0, 5203, 5203.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 5203, 6804.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 5203, 14.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 5203, 86.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 5203, 0.94]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 5203, 276.6]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 5203, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 5203, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 5203, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 5203, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 5203, 0.40289256]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 5203, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 5203, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 5203, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 5203, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 5203, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 5203, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 5203, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 5203, 0.01180916]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 5203, 0.00921115]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 5203, 0.0099197]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 5203, 0.00929752]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 5203, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 5203, 0.13326446]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 5203, 0.45126354]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 5203, 5.09506619]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 5203, 0.0]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 5203, 5.28405979]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 5203, 831.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 51, 0.0], [51, 222, 1.0], [222, 1265, 0.0], [1265, 1397, 1.0], [1397, 1521, 1.0], [1521, 2244, 0.0], [2244, 2631, 1.0], [2631, 2695, 1.0], [2695, 3067, 0.0], [3067, 3432, 1.0], [3432, 4010, 0.0], [4010, 4332, 1.0], [4332, 5027, 1.0], [5027, 5203, 1.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 51, 0.0], [51, 222, 0.0], [222, 1265, 0.0], [1265, 1397, 0.0], [1397, 1521, 0.0], [1521, 2244, 0.0], [2244, 2631, 0.0], [2631, 2695, 0.0], [2695, 3067, 0.0], [3067, 3432, 0.0], [3432, 4010, 0.0], [4010, 4332, 0.0], [4332, 5027, 0.0], [5027, 5203, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 51, 6.0], [51, 222, 28.0], [222, 1265, 161.0], [1265, 1397, 20.0], [1397, 1521, 20.0], [1521, 2244, 116.0], [2244, 2631, 65.0], [2631, 2695, 10.0], [2695, 3067, 62.0], [3067, 3432, 58.0], [3432, 4010, 98.0], [4010, 4332, 49.0], [4332, 5027, 110.0], [5027, 5203, 28.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 51, 0.0], [51, 222, 0.0], [222, 1265, 0.0], [1265, 1397, 0.0], [1397, 1521, 0.01639344], [1521, 2244, 0.0], [2244, 2631, 0.0], [2631, 2695, 0.0], [2695, 3067, 0.0], [3067, 3432, 0.0], [3432, 4010, 0.0], [4010, 4332, 0.0], [4332, 5027, 0.00584795], [5027, 5203, 0.07142857]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 51, 0.0], [51, 222, 0.0], [222, 1265, 0.0], [1265, 1397, 0.0], [1397, 1521, 0.0], [1521, 2244, 0.0], [2244, 2631, 0.0], [2631, 2695, 0.0], [2695, 3067, 0.0], [3067, 3432, 0.0], [3432, 4010, 0.0], [4010, 4332, 0.0], [4332, 5027, 0.0], [5027, 5203, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 51, 0.88235294], [51, 222, 0.01754386], [222, 1265, 0.03835091], [1265, 1397, 0.01515152], [1397, 1521, 0.0483871], [1521, 2244, 0.01659751], [2244, 2631, 0.00516796], [2631, 2695, 0.015625], [2695, 3067, 0.01612903], [3067, 3432, 0.0109589], [3432, 4010, 0.02249135], [4010, 4332, 0.00310559], [4332, 5027, 0.01582734], [5027, 5203, 0.03409091]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 5203, 0.95869052]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 5203, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 5203, 0.86545569]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 5203, -25.98076366]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 5203, 103.30793616]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 5203, 28.80628596]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 5203, 35.0]], "is_duplicate": true}
Robert Leonard Save \| Post a comment \| LEONARD, Robert A. “Bob” Jr., 52, of Bloomingdale, OH, passed away at his home on Friday, October 19, 2012. He was born April 30, 1960, in Steubenville, a son of Robert “Bob” Sr.... « Back to Article	2014-15/0022/en_head.json.gz/6137	{"url": "http://www.hsconnect.com/page/content.comment/id/579246/Robert-Leonard.html?nav=5011&sortTypeOrder=1", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.hsconnect.com", "date_download": "2014-04-16T07:32:52Z", "digest": "sha1:Q6WNA2FOB4XCYQ2CAPW3I3T3FWBJMRZF"}	{"ccnet_length": [[0, 238, 238.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 238, 1294.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 238, 2.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 238, 32.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 238, 0.95]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 238, 106.5]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 238, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 238, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 238, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 238, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 238, 0.17741935]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 238, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 238, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 238, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 238, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 238, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 238, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 238, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 238, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 238, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 238, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 238, 0.0483871]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 238, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 238, 0.40322581]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 238, 0.8372093]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 238, 4.06976744]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 238, 0.01612903]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 238, 3.51118717]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 238, 43.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 15, 0.0], [15, 238, 0.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 15, 0.0], [15, 238, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 15, 2.0], [15, 238, 41.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 15, 0.0], [15, 238, 0.06930693]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 15, 0.0], [15, 238, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 15, 0.13333333], [15, 238, 0.11659193]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 238, -9.89e-06]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 238, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 238, -9.78e-06]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 238, -18.92350868]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 238, -4.39335169]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 238, -1.60950604]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 238, 5.0]], "is_duplicate": true}
Home School Heartbeat Radio Program Click here to get Home School Heartbeat’s daily e-mail transcripts Law School: Preparing NowVol. 89, Prg. 11–15April 20–24, 2009Is your student aspiring to law school? Find out how he can prepare academically, what she should expect, and what extra-curricular activities attract the attention of law school admissions departments! Mike Farris talks with several students and the chair of the Pre Law Advisor’s National Council, this week on the program.Program Listing:Click on a program title to listen online and read a transcript4/20 Looking toward Law School4/21 Extra-curricular Preparation4/22 Legally Debatable4/23 Admitting Interest4/24 From the Halls of Harvard Guest: Dr. Frank Guliuzza Dr. Frank Guliuzza is a well-known scholar in the field of government. An expert in Constitutional Law, he has published widely on the First Amendment (including the book, Over the Wall: Protecting Religious Expression in the Public Square), the separation of church and state, and the role of Christians in political activism. Dr. Guliuzza received the John S. Hinckley Award as the outstanding faculty member at Weber State University (2003), where he was a tenured Professor of Political Science and Chair of the Department. He was named Utah Professor of the Year by the Carnegie Foundation (2003). He has been recognized four times by the American Political Science Association for Outstanding Teaching in Political Science (2000, 2003, 2004, and 2008). He is the current Chair of the Pre-Law Advisors’ National Council and is on the executive boards of the American Mock Trial Association and the American Collegiate Moot Court Associations. A successful coach at Weber State, his teams finished in the top-ten at national tournaments a dozen times. He coached more than 60 students who were either All-Americans or All-Regional competitors. He has also taught at Wheaton College, the University of Minnesota, and Vassar. Dr. Guliuzza is now Professor of Government at Patrick Henry College, where he also advises students who plan to attend law school and coaches moot court and mock trial. Aidan Grano Aidan Grano is a 20-year-old junior at Patrick Henry College, majoring in government. After being homeschooled for 12 years by his mother, he applied to Patrick Henry because of his experience at its Constitutional Law Teen Camp in the summer of 2005. Aidan has participated in PHC’s moot court program since his freshman year, including this past year in which he and his partner, Rachel Heflin, won the National Championship in January 2009. Aidan is also the second moot courter in the league’s history to win both a national championship and the top orator award in the same year. Lindsay See Lindsay See is a homeschool alumna originally from Livonia, Michigan. She graduated from Patrick Henry College in 2007 with a degree in government/political theory. While at PHC, Lindsay was a national champion oralist in moot court and debate and spent her summers directing two separate Christian youth camps. Currently, she is a first-year student at Harvard Law School, where she is an editor on the Journal of Law and Public Policy and part of an international commercial arbitration team. Lindsay has a passion for child advocacy and international religious freedom and looks forward to using her law degree in these fields. Patrick Henry College Are you considering college options for your child? Patrick Henry College seeks to prepare Christian men and women who will lead our nation and shape our culture with timeless biblical values and fidelity to the spirit of the American founding. The College provides academically excellent baccalaureate level higher education with a biblical world view. Click the link above for more information about PHC. Whether you want to stay abreast of homeschooling news and legislative issues, hear about the latest @home e-vent webinar, or get specialized help for teaching your high schooler—or struggling learner—or elementary student, HSLDA’s e-lert service has something valuable for you. 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More From HSPH Campaign for Harvard School of Public Health Discovering and promoting solutions to four major global health threats Old and new pandemics Harmful physical and social environments Poverty and humanitarian crises Failing health systems Campaign Home > Turning the tide on AIDS in Africa Turning the tide on AIDS in Africa in Phyllis Kanki, professor ofimmunology and infectious diseases By the early 2000s, AIDS was increasingly viewed as a treatable chronic disease in the developed world. But for most patients in Africa it remained a death sentence. This was the state of things when Phyllis Kanki, SD ’85, professor of immunology and infectious diseases, spearheaded an HSPH application to the President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR), a $15 billion U.S. government program announced during then-President George W. Bush’s 2003 State of the Union address. Kanki’s application led to generous PEPFAR support for HSPH’s work with government ministries, universities, and non-governmental organizations in Nigeria, Botswana, and Tanzania. Ten years later, the legacy is enormous: Newly refurbished and equipped clinics and labs, thousands of trained health care workers, and treatment of more than 160,000 people who would otherwise not have received lifesaving AIDS drugs. “Everyone was surprised by what we were able to do,” said Kanki. “In the grant application, we said that we would enable 100,000 people to obtain treatment in Nigeria. That number seemed astronomical at the time, but in the end, we far exceeded it.” Moreover, the impact of the work by Kanki and her colleagues extends far beyond the AIDS crisis, in the form of resources, strategies, and guidance for addressing other treatable infectious diseases, including tuberculosis, malaria, and chronic diseases such as cancer and diabetes. “PEPFAR changed the way we think about what public health can accomplish,” Dean Julio Frenk concluded. Campaign priorities Message from Dean Frenk About Dean Julio Frenk Message from Campaign co-chairs Message from President Faust Campaign stories The impact of financial aid How HSPH has changed the world HSPH Campaign committee Giving to HSPH Centennial celebration and Campaign launch event The Harvard Campaign HSPH Campaign Case Statement HSPH Homepage Harvard Homepage © 2014 President & Fellows of Harvard College	2014-15/0022/en_head.json.gz/6139	{"url": "http://www.hsph.harvard.edu/campaign/turning-the-tide-on-aids-in-africa/", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.hsph.harvard.edu", "date_download": "2014-04-16T08:53:31Z", "digest": "sha1:VTNW5NY3NJFZ7JPGMOFO3TU7E3Y6P2J5"}	{"ccnet_length": [[0, 2354, 2354.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 2354, 3182.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 2354, 28.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 2354, 75.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 2354, 0.94]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 2354, 284.8]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 2354, 0.0]], 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Archbishop Of Canterbury Weighs In On Gun Control Debate After Sandy Hook PA/ The Huffington Post UK Gun Control, CHRISTIANITY, Dr Rowan Williams, National Rifle Association, Rowan Williams, NRA, RELIGIÓN, Sandy Hook, Sandy Hook Elementary School Shooting, UK NEWS, The Archbishop of Canterbury backed stricter gun controls in the wake of the Sandy Hook school massacre, saying the ready availability of weapons in a society where fear was already "rampant" pushed people to extreme violence. Delivering BBC Radio 4's Thought for the Day, Dr Rowan Williams also warned that Britain had "better not be complacent" about the gang-related gun and knife crime affecting its own youngsters. A minute's silence was held in America yesterday to remember the 20 children and six adult victims of the Connecticut shootings which have thrust the fraught gun control debate back into the political spotlight. The Archbishop of Canterbury was speaking on Thought For The Day In a defiant response, the National Rifle Association said the answer was arming teachers. Dr Williams said it was hard to "say and sing the words of this joyful season while we think of lives cut so brutally short and of the unimaginable loss and trauma suffered by parents. "Nearly 6,000 children and teenagers were killed by firearms in the USA in just two years. "And we had better not be complacent about the issues of gun and knife crime affecting people in our own cities here. "In the UK, the question is how we push back against gang culture by giving people the acceptance and respect they deserve so that they don't look for it in destructive places. "In the United States the question is of course about gun laws - one of the most polarising issues in American politics," he said. While individuals made the choice to use guns "it makes a difference to people what weapons are at hand for them to use and even more what happens to people in a culture where fear is rampant and the default response to frightening or unsettling situations or personal tensions is violence and the threat of violence," he said. "People use guns but, in a sense, guns use people too. When we have the technology for violence easily to hand, our choices are skewed and we are more vulnerable to being manipulated into violent action." He went on: "Perhaps it is true that if all you have is a gun everything looks like a target. But if all you have is the child's openness and willingness to be loved, everything looks like a promise. "Control of the weapons trade is a start but what will really make a difference is dealing with fear and the pressure to release our anxiety and tension at the expense of others." Connecticut State Police Release Sandy Hook ReportNEWTOWN, CT - UNSPECIFED DATE: In this handout crime scene evidence photo provided by the Connecticut State Police, shows the Newtown Tehcnology Team ID of Adam Lanza in the bathroom at the suspect's house on Yogananda St. following the December 14, 2012 shooting rampage at Sandy Hook Elementary School, taken on an unspecified date in Newtown, Connecticut . A report was released November 25, 2013 by Connecticut State Attorney Stephen Sedensky III summarizing the Newtown school shooting that left 20 children and six women dead inside Sandy Hook Elementary School. According to the report, a motive behind the shooting by gunman Adam Lanza is still unknown. (Photo by Connecticut State Police via Getty Images)Connecticut State Police Release Sandy Hook ReportNEWTOWN, CT - UNSPECIFED DATE: In this handout crime scene evidence photo provided by the Connecticut State Police, shows ammunition infrot of a gun safe in the south east bedroom (shooters room) at the suspect's house on Yogananda St. following the December 14, 2012 shooting rampage at Sandy Hook Elementary School, taken on an unspecified date in Newtown, Connecticut . A report was released November 25, 2013 by Connecticut State Attorney Stephen Sedensky III summarizing the Newtown school shooting that left 20 children and six women dead inside Sandy Hook Elementary School. According to the report, a motive behind the shooting by gunman Adam Lanza is still unknown. (Photo by Connecticut State Police via Getty Images)Connecticut State Police Release Sandy Hook ReportNEWTOWN, CT - UNSPECIFED DATE: In this handout crime scene evidence photo provided by the Connecticut State Police, shows a Bushmaster rifle in Room 10 at Sandy Hook Elementary School following the December 14, 2012 shooting rampage, taken on an unspecified date in Newtown, Connecticut . A report was released November 25, 2013 by Connecticut State Attorney Stephen Sedensky III summarizing the Newtown school shooting that left 20 children and six women dead inside Sandy Hook Elementary School. According to the report, a motive behind the shooting by gunman Adam Lanza is still unknown. (Photo by Connecticut State Police via Getty Images)Connecticut State Police Release Sandy Hook ReportNEWTOWN, CT - UNSPECIFED DATE: In this handout crime scene evidence photo provided by the Connecticut State Police, shows firearms and ammunition found on or in close proximity to shooters body at Sandy Hook Elementary School following the December 14, 2012 shooting rampage, taken on an unspecified date in Newtown, Connecticut . A report was released November 25, 2013 by Connecticut State Attorney Stephen Sedensky III summarizing the Newtown school shooting that left 20 children and six women dead inside Sandy Hook Elementary School. According to the report, a motive behind the shooting by gunman Adam Lanza is still unknown. (Photo by Connecticut State Police via Getty Images)Pro Gun Control Group Hold Memorial On Anniversary Of Sandy Hook School ShootingCHICAGO, IL - DECEMBER 14: Shundra Robinson holds a picture of her son Deno Wooldridge, 18, while speaking at a gathering of gun violence victims and gun control advocates at Cornell Square Park on the anniversary of the Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting December 14, 2013 in Chicago, Illinois. Thirteen people, including a three-year-old boy, were wounded when gunmen opened fire on a crowd gathered at the basketball courts in Cornell Square Park in September. Twenty children and 6 adults were killed when a gunman opened fire at Sandy Hook School. Wooldridge was shot and killed while standing on his grandmother's porch on October 18, 2010. More than 400 people have been murdered in Chicago so far this year, most by gunfire. (Photo by Scott Olson/Getty Images)Second Report On Sandy Hook Shootings ReleasedNEWTOWN, CT - UNSPECIFED DATE: In this handout crime scene evidence photo provided by the Connecticut State Police, shows a rifle in the master bedroom in the suspect's house on Yogananda St. following the December 14, 2012 shooting rampage at Sandy Hook Elementary School, taken on an unspecified date in Newtown, Connecticut. A second report was released December 27, 2013 by Connecticut State Attorney Stephen Sedensky III gave more details of the the Newtown school shooting by Adam Lanza that left 20 children and six women educators dead inside Sandy Hook Elementary School after killing his mother at their home. (Photo by Connecticut State Police via Getty Images)Second Report On Sandy Hook Shootings ReleasedNEWTOWN, CT - UNSPECIFED DATE: In this handout crime scene evidence photo provided by the Connecticut State Police, shows a Glock 20, 10mm found near the shooter in Room 10 at Sandy Hook Elementary School following the December 14, 2012 shooting rampage, taken on an unspecified date in Newtown, Connecticut. A second report was released December 27, 2013 by Connecticut State Attorney Stephen Sedensky III gave more details of the the Newtown school shooting by Adam Lanza that left 20 children and six women educators dead inside Sandy Hook Elementary School after killing his mother at their home. (Photo by Connecticut State Police via Getty Images)Second Report On Sandy Hook Shootings ReleasedNEWTOWN, CT - UNSPECIFED DATE: In this handout crime scene evidence photo provided by the Connecticut State Police, shows firearms and ammunition found on or in close proximity to shooters body at Sandy Hook Elementary School following the December 14, 2012 shooting rampage, taken on an unspecified date in Newtown, Connecticut. A second report was released December 27, 2013 by Connecticut State Attorney Stephen Sedensky III gave more details of the the Newtown school shooting by Adam Lanza that left 20 children and six women educators dead inside Sandy Hook Elementary School after killing his mother at their home. (Photo by Connecticut State Police via Getty Images)Twenty-seven small U.S. flags adorn a large flag on a makeshift memorial on the side of Highway 84 near the Newtown, Conn., town line as residents mourn victims killed by gunman Adam Lanza, Monday, Dec. 17, 2012. On Friday, authorities say Lanza killed his mother at their home and then opened fire inside the Sandy Hook Elementary School in Newtown, killing 26 people, including 20 children, before taking his own life. (AP Photo/Julio Cortez)In this photo taken with a fisheye lens, a message honoring the victims that died a day earlier when a gunman opened fire at an elementary hang from a bridge near Hawley Pond, Saturday, Dec. 15, 2012, in Newtown, Conn. The massacre of 26 children and adults at Sandy Hook Elementary school elicited horror and soul-searching around the world even as it raised more basic questions about why the gunman, 20-year-old Adam Lanza, would have been driven to such a crime and how he chose his victims. (AP Photo/Julio Cortez)Mourners carry ornaments to decorate the Christmas trees at one of the makeshift memorials for the Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting victims, Monday,Dec. 17, 2012 in Newtown, Conn. Authorities say gunman Adam Lanza killed his mother at their home on Friday and then opened fire inside the Sandy Hook Elementary School in Newtown, killing 26 people, including 20 children, before taking his own life. (AP Photo/Mary Altaffer)Crayons sit on a table outside of a barbershop a day after a gunman opened fire at Sandy Hook Elementary School, Saturday, Dec. 15, 2012, in the Sandy Hook village of Newtown, Conn. The massacre of 26 children and adults at Sandy Hook Elementary school elicited horror and soul-searching around the world even as it raised more basic questions about why the gunman, 20-year-old Adam Lanza, would have been driven to such a crime and how he chose his victims. (AP Photo/Julio Cortez)Crayons sit on a table outside of a barbershop a day after a gunman opened fire at Sandy Hook Elementary School, Saturday, Dec. 15, 2012, in the Sandy Hook village of Newtown, Conn. The massacre of 26 children and adults at Sandy Hook Elementary school elicited horror and soul-searching around the world even as it raised more basic questions about why the gunman, 20-year-old Adam Lanza, would have been driven to such a crime and how he chose his victims. (AP Photo/Julio Cortez)Tamara DohertyShop owner Tamara Doherty, paces outside her store just down the road from Sandy Hook Elementary School, Saturday, Dec. 15, 2012, in Newtown, Conn. The massacre of 26 children and adults at Sandy Hook Elementary school elicited horror and soul-searching around the world even as it raised more basic questions about why the gunman, 20-year-old Adam Lanza, would have been driven to such a crime and how he chose his victims. (AP Photo/David Goldman)Tamara Doherty, Jackie GaudetShop owners Tamara Doherty, left, and Jackie Gaudet, right, meet outside their stores for the first time since being neighbors, just down the road from Sandy Hook Elementary School, Saturday, Dec. 15, 2012, in Newtown, Conn. The massacre of 26 children and adults at Sandy Hook Elementary school elicited horror and soul-searching around the world even as it raised more basic questions about why the gunman, 20-year-old Adam Lanza, would have been driven to such a crime and how he chose his victims. (AP Photo/David Goldman)Kristin HoytKristin Hoyt, 18, of Danbury, Conn., ties a balloon to an overpass up the road from the Sandy Hook Elementary School, Saturday, Dec. 15, 2012, in Newtown, Conn. The massacre of 26 children and adults at Sandy Hook Elementary school elicited horror and soul-searching around the world even as it raised more basic questions about why the gunman, 20-year-old Adam Lanza, would have been driven to such a crime and how he chose his victims. (AP Photo/David Goldman)A Newtown, Conn., resident, who declined to give her name, sits at an intersection holding a sign for passing motorists up the road from the Sandy Hook Elementary School, Saturday, Dec. 15, 2012, in Newtown, Conn. The massacre of 26 children and adults at Sandy Hook Elementary school elicited horror and soul-searching around the world even as it raised more basic questions about why the gunman, 20-year-old Adam Lanza, would have been driven to such a crime and how he chose his victims. (AP Photo/David Goldman)A snowflake ornament with the name of 6-year-old Noah Pozner hangs on a Christmas tree at a makeshift memorial in the Sandy Hook village of Newtown, Conn., Monday, Dec. 17, 2012, as the town mourns victims killed in Friday's school shooting. Pozner, who was killed Friday when gunman Adam Lanza opened fire inside the Sandy Hook Elementary School, will be buried Monday. (AP Photo/Julio Cortez)Twenty-seven small U.S. flags adorn a large flag on a makeshift memorial on the side of Highway 84 near the Newtown, Conn., town line as residents mourn victims killed by gunman Adam Lanza, Monday, Dec. 17, 2012. Authorities say Lanza killed his mother at their home and then opened fire inside the Sandy Hook Elementary School in Newtown, killing 26 people, including 20 children, before taking his own life, on Friday. (AP Photo/Julio Cortez)Jamie Duncan, 16, of Newtown, Conn., lights a candle at one of the makeshift memorials for the Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting victims, Monday,Dec. 17, 2012 in Newtown, Conn. Authorities say gunman Adam Lanza killed his mother at their home on Friday and then opened fire inside the Sandy Hook Elementary School in Newtown, killing 26 people, including 20 children, before taking his own life. (AP Photo/Mary Altaffer)A mourner carries a giant Winnie the Pooh stuffed animal to place at one of the makeshift memorials for the Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting victims, Monday,Dec. 17, 2012 in Newtown, Conn. Authorities say gunman Adam Lanza killed his mother at their home on Friday and then opened fire inside the Sandy Hook Elementary School in Newtown, killing 26 people, including 20 children, before taking his own life. (AP Photo/Mary Altaffer)A hearse arrives at B'nai Israel Cemetery with the body of Noah Pozner, a six-year-old killed in an elementary school shooting, during funeral services, Monday, Dec. 17, 2012, in Monroe, Conn. Authorities say gunman Adam Lanza killed his mother at their home on Friday and then opened fire inside the Sandy Hook Elementary School in Newtown, killing 26 people, including 20 children, before taking his own life. (AP Photo/Julio Cortez)People arrive at B'nai Israel Cemetery during burial services for Noah Pozner, a six-year-old killed in the Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting, Monday, Dec. 17, 2012, in Monroe, Conn. Authorities say gunman Adam Lanza killed his mother at their home on Friday and then opened fire inside the Sandy Hook Elementary School in Newtown, killing 26 people, including 20 children, before taking his own life. (AP Photo/Julio Cortez)Veronika PoznerVeronique Pozner waves to the assembled media as she leaves after a funeral service for her 6-year-old son Noah Pozner, Monday, Dec. 17, 2012, in Fairfield, Conn. Noah Pozner was killed when Adam Lanza walked into Sandy Hook Elementary School in Newtown, Conn., Friday and opened fire, killing 26 people, including 20 children. (AP Photo/Jason DeCrow)Sandy Hook Elementary School ShootingTwenty seven wooden stand in a yard down the street from the Sandy Hook School December 16, 2012 in Newtown, Connecticut. Twenty-six people were shot dead, including twenty children, after a gunman identified as Adam Lanza opened fire at Sandy Hook Elementary School. Lanza also reportedly had committed suicide at the scene. A 28th person, believed to be Nancy Lanza, found dead in a house in town, was also believed to have been shot by Adam Lanza. (Photo by Spencer Platt/Getty Images)Sandy Hook Elementary School ShootingNewtown residents Claire Swanson, Kate Suba, Jaden Albrecht, Simran Chand and New London, Connecticut residents Rachel Pullen and her son Landon DeCecco, hold candles at a memorial for victims on the first Sunday following the mass shooting at Sandy Hook Elementary School on December 16, 2012 in Newtown, Connecticut. (Photo by Mario Tama/Getty Images)Sandy Hook Elementary School ShootingU.S. President Barack Obama waits to speak at an interfaith vigil for the shooting victims from Sandy Hook Elementary School on December 16, 2012 at Newtown High School in Newtown, Connecticut. (Photo by Olivier Douliery-Pool/Getty Images)Sandy Hook Elementary School ShootingEknoor Kaur, 3, stands with her father Guramril Singh during a candlelight vigil outside Newtown High School before an interfaith vigil with President Barack Obama, Sunday, Dec. 16, 2012, in Newtown, Conn. A gunman walked into Sandy Hook Elementary School in Newtown Friday and opened fire, killing 26 people, including 20 children. (AP Photo/Jason DeCrow)Sandy Hook Elementary School ShootingNew London, Connecticut resident Rachel Pullen (C) kisses her son Landon DeCecco at a memorial for victims near the school on the first Sunday following the mass shooting at Sandy Hook Elementary School on December 16, 2012 in Newtown, Connecticut. (Photo by Mario Tama/Getty Images)Sandy Hook Elementary School ShootingUS President Barack Obama speaks during a memorial service for the victims and relatives of the Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting on December 16, 2012 in Newtown, Connecticut. Twenty-six people were killed when a gunman entered Sandy Hook Elementary and began a shooting spree. AFP PHOTO/Mandel NGANSandy Hook Elementary School ShootingA woman covers her face as US President Barack Obama reads out the names of children killed during Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting at a interfaith memorial for victims and relatives at the Newtown High School on December 16, 2012 in Newtown, Connecticut. Twenty-six people were killed when a gunman entered Sandy Hook Elementary and began a shooting spree. AFP PHOTO/Mandel NGAN Sandy Hook Elementary School ShootingA woman pays respects at a memorial outside of St. Rose of Lima Roman Catholic Church, Sunday, Dec. 16, 2012, in Newtown, Conn. On Friday, a gunman allegedly killed his mother at their home and then opened fire inside the Sandy Hook Elementary School in Newtown, killing 26 people, including 20 children. (AP Photo/Julio Cortez)Sandy Hook Elementary School ShootingResidents wait for the start of an interfaith vigil for the victims of the Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting on Sunday, Dec. 16, 2012 at Newtown High School in Newtown, Conn. A gunman walked into Sandy Hook Elementary School Friday and opened fire, killing 26 people, including 20 children. (AP Photo/Evan Vucci)Sandy Hook Elementary School ShootingCheryl Girardi, of Middletown, Conn., kneels beside 26 teddy bears, each representing a victim of the Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting, at a sidewalk memorial, Sunday, Dec. 16, 2012, in Newtown, Conn. A gunman walked into Sandy Hook Elementary School in Newtown Friday and opened fire, killing 26 people, including 20 children.(AP Photo/David Goldman)Sandy Hook Elementary School ShootingConnecticut State Police officers respond to a bomb threat outside of St. Rose of Lima Roman Catholic Church, Sunday, Dec. 16, 2012, in Newtown, Conn. Worshippers hurriedly left the church Sunday, not far from where a gunman opened fire Friday inside the Sandy Hook Elementary School in Newtown. (AP Photo/Julio Cortez)Sandy Hook Elementary School ShootingAva Staiti, 7, of New Milford, Conn., looks up at her mother Emily Staiti, not pictured, while visiting a sidewalk memorial with 26 teddy bears, each representing a victim of the Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting, Sunday, Dec. 16, 2012, in Newtown, Conn. A gunman walked into Sandy Hook Elementary School in Newtown Friday and opened fire, killing 26 people, including 20 children. (AP Photo/David Goldman)Sandy Hook Elementary School ShootingThis photo provided by the family shows Jessica Rekos. Rekos, 6, was killed Friday, Dec. 14, 2012, when a gunman opened fire at Sandy Hook Elementary School, in Newtown, Conn., killing 26 children and adults at the school, before killing himself. (AP Photo/Courtesy of Rekos Family)Sandy Hook Elementary School ShootingA U.S. flag flies at half staff outside the Newtown High School before President Barack Obama is scheduled to attend a memorial for the victims of the Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting, Sunday, Dec. 16, 2012, in Newtown, Conn. A gunman walked into Sandy Hook Elementary School in Newtown Friday and opened fire, killing 26 people, including 20 children. (AP Photo/David Goldman)Sandy Hook Elementary School ShootingDavid Freedman, right, kneels with his son Zachary, 9, both of Newtown, Conn., as they visit a sidewalk memorial for the Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting victims, Sunday, Dec. 16, 2012, in Newtown, Conn. A gunman walked into Sandy Hook Elementary School in Newtown Friday and opened fire, killing 26 people, including 20 children. (AP Photo/David Goldman)Sandy Hook Elementary School ShootingA man reacts at the site of a makeshift memorial for school shooting victims in Newtown, Conn., Sunday, Dec. 16, 2012. A gunman opened fire at Sandy Hook Elementary School in the town, killing 26 people, including 20 children before killing himself on Friday. (AP Photo/Charles Krupa)Sandy Hook Elementary School ShootingPeople wait in line to attend an interfaith vigil with President Barack Obama, Sunday, Dec. 16, 2012, in Newtown, Conn. A gunman walked into Sandy Hook Elementary School in Newtown Friday and opened fire, killing 26 people, including 20 children. (AP Photo/Jason DeCrow)Sandy Hook Elementary School ShootingResidents greet each other before the start of an interfaith vigil for the victims of the Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting on Sunday, Dec. 16, 2012 at Newtown High School in Newtown, Conn. A gunman walked into Sandy Hook Elementary School Friday and opened fire, killing 26 people, including 20 children. (AP Photo/ Evan Vucci)Sandy Hook Elementary School ShootingResidents greet each other before the start of an interfaith vigil for the victims of the Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting on Sunday, Dec. 16, 2012, at Newtown High School in Newtown, Conn. A gunman walked into the school Friday and opened fire, killing 26 people, including 20 children. President Barack Obama is to scheduled to speak at the event. (AP Photo/ Evan Vucci)Sandy Hook Elementary School ShootingResidents greet each other before the start of an interfaith vigil for the victims of the Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting on Sunday, Dec. 16, 2012, at Newtown High School in Newtown, Conn. A gunman walked into the elementary school Friday and opened fire, killing 26 people, including 20 children. President Barack Obama is scheduled to speak during the vigil. (AP Photo/ Evan Vucci)Sandy Hook Elementary School Shooting This image provided by the family shows Grace McDonnell posing for a portrait in this family photo taken Aug. 18, 2012. Grace McDonnell was killed Friday, Dec. 14, 2012, when a gunman opened fire at Sandy Hook Elementary School in Newtown, Conn., killing 26 children and adults at the school. (AP Photo/Courtesy of the McDonnell Family) Sandy Hook Elementary School Shooting This Nov. 18, 2012 photo provided by John Engel shows Olivia Engel, 6, in Danbury, Conn. Olivia Engel, was killed Friday, Dec. 14, 2012, when a gunman opened fire at Sandy Hook Elementary School, in Newtown, Conn., killing 26 children and adults at the school. (AP Photo/Engel Family, Tim Nosezo)Emilie Alice ParkerThis 2012 photo provided by the family shows Emilie Alice Parker. Parker was killed Friday, Dec. 14, 2012, when a gunman opened fire at Sandy Hook elementary school in Newtown, Conn., killing 26 children and adults at the school. (AP Photo/Courtesy of the Parker Family)Noah PoznerThis Nov. 13, 2012 photo provided by the family via The Washington Post shows Noah Pozner. The six-year-old was one of the victims in the Sandy Hook elementary school shooting in Newtown, Conn. on Dec. 14, 2012. (AP Photo/Family Photo)Sandy Hook Elementary School ShootingThis handout image provided by ABC News, shows Nancy J. Lanza mother of suspected mass shooter Adam Lanza at an unspecified time and place. Twenty six people were shot dead, including twenty children, after a gunman identified as Adam Lanza opened fire at Sandy Hook Elementary School. Lanza also reportedly had committed suicide at the scene. A 28th person, believed to be Nancy Lanza was found dead in a house in town, was also believed to have been shot by Adam Lanza. (Family of Nancy Lanza / ABC News / Getty Images)Sandy Hook Elementary School Shooting<a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/huff-wires/20121215/us-school-shooting-victims/?utm_hp_ref=homepage&ir=homepage">Lauren Rousseau, 30,</a> had started a job as a full-time teacher at Sandy Hook Elementary School this fall. She was killed in the Dec. 14 shooting at the school. Sandy Hook Elementary School ShootingSchool psychologist Mary Sherlach, 56, was killed during an attempt to stop gunman Adam Lanza during the Dec. 14 mass shooting at Sandy Hook Elementary School in Newtown, Conn. <a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/huff-wires/20121215/us-school-shooting-victims/?utm_hp_ref=homepage&ir=homepage">Sherlach and school principal Dawn Hochsprung</a> reportedly both lunged at Lanza in an attempt to protect the school's students and teachers. Both Sherlach and Hochsprung were killed. 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Newspaper review: Sandy Hook shooting dominates Most Popular	2014-15/0022/en_head.json.gz/6141	{"url": "http://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/2012/12/22/archbishop-gun-control-sandy-hook_n_2351009.html", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.huffingtonpost.co.uk", "date_download": "2014-04-16T08:03:37Z", "digest": "sha1:X4B5PDKVETPVDFO4FCXYN44JHFQPFPXQ"}	{"ccnet_length": [[0, 27127, 27127.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 27127, 33139.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 27127, 25.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 27127, 259.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 27127, 0.95]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 27127, 281.0]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 27127, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 27127, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 27127, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 27127, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 27127, 0.26617758]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 27127, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 27127, 0.57936978]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": 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On The Timelessness Of 'The Grapes Of Wrath' Pulitzer Prize For Fiction Announced30 Posted: March 7, 2011 03:46 PM HuffPost Review: 3 Backyards 3 Backyards , 3 Backyards Movie Review , Edie Falco , Elias Koteas , Embeth Davidtz , Judy Berlin , Kathryn Erbe , Marshall Fine Movie Review , Movie Reviews , Sundance Film Festival , The Sopranos Some movies - most movies, in fact - grab you by the lapels and get right in your face. They tell you - in a million different ways - what to think and what to feel about every moment from start to finish. Eric Mendelsohn's 3 Backyards is just the opposite. A film that is at once lyrical and mysterious, familiar yet enigmatic, this movie, for which Mendelsohn won the directing award at Sundance 2010, is the very definition of an arthouse film - or, for that matter, of art. In other words, this is a movie to which the audience must bring something. It's a movie that raises more questions than it answers, which offers a peek into a world you may not have seen - and which never explains just what it is you're seeing. It leaves you feeling haunted and touched, even if you can't express exactly what that is Set over the course of a single day in an unnamed Long Island community, 3 Backyards is like a triptych of short stories, connected only by the general location. The three different plotlines don't intersect, though Mendelsohn blends them and finds resonances between them. The first deals with a businessman (Elias Koteas), getting ready for a business trip. His marriage is obviously in trouble, judging by the tension with his wife (Kathryn Erbe) prior to his departure. But when he gets to the airport, he discovers that his flight has been cancelled and he will have to wait until the next day to leave. The second storyline focuses on a little girl (Rachel Resheff), who is first glimpsed clandestinely searching her parents' bedroom, where she finds a bracelet that her father has purchased as a gift for her mother. Just as she tries it on, her school bus arrives - and in her unsuccessful attempts to take it off, she misses the bus. She runs to school to keep from being late - only to lose the bracelet along the way. The final segment focuses on a housewife (Edie Falco), who is thrilled when a famous movie actress who is subletting a house on her block (Embeth Davidtz), shows up on her doorstep, asking for a ride to the local ferry landing. None of these characters has the day they expect. The housewife discovers that the movie star is in the midst of some sort of emotional breakdown - but is unwilling to actually talk about it with her new "friend." The businessman, meanwhile, at first rejects the airline's offer of a free hotel room: "I live here," he says. But when he drives home, he finds he'd rather observe his family from a distance than engage with them. So he does check into the hotel, then goes wandering in search of a place to eat - only to discover that he is in a part of his town that he's never seen before, one that seems a long way from his leafy suburban refuge. Mendelsohn punctuates this with shots of the sun peaking through the trees and the sound of the wind in the leaves. These interludes of nature are like a moment to catch your breath, to stop and think about what you've seen, a palate cleanser before moving from one scene into another. He draws detailed performances from a cast that actually doesn't have all that much dialogue. But the expressions that Falco offers in a single reaction shot speak volumes about what this woman is feeling, even if she could never articulate it. The same is true of Koteas, who evokes a sadness or melancholy without ever saying a word about it. They don't make many films like 3 Backyards because, frankly, audiences have been weaned away from them. Modern moviegoers have been trained to expect certain things from the movie-going experience and that's unfortunate; their attention span for a movie that forces them to actually think about what they're seeing and arrive at their own interpretation is virtually nonexistent. It's instructive that Mendelsohn also won the Sundance directing award for 1999's Judy Berlin, which wasn't released until 2000, after Falco, its star, had gained marketability, thanks to The Sopranos. It's taken the intervening years for him to get 3 Backyards on to screens. Hopefully, the next one won't take as long. Michael Jackson -- Owes All His Fame to the Jackson 5 ... 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The Huskers announced the 2013 schedule on Thursday. Huskers Announce 2013 Schedule Lincoln, Neb. - Nebraska Head Coach Gary Pepin announced the 2013 Indoor and Outdoor Track and Field schedules on Thursday. The Huskers will look to add another Big Ten Championship in 2013 after the women's team won the 2012 Big Ten Indoor Championship in Lincoln last winter. NU will host six teams that finished in the top-25 at the 2012 NCAA Championships, including 2012 Men's NCAA Indoor and Outdoor Champion Florida. Nebraska also welcomes Auburn, whose men finished sixth at the 2012 NCAA Outdoor Championships, as well as Alabama and North Carolina. Additionally, the Huskers will compete against numerous Big 12 powerhouses and will take on members of the Big Ten Conference before facing them at the Big Ten Indoor and Outdoor Championships. Nebraska will open the indoor season by hosting the Nebraska Intrasquad on Dec. 7 at the Devaney Center. The Huskers will then host the Holiday Inn Invitational on Jan. 11- 12 and will participate in the NWU Invitational on Jan. 18. Nebraska hosts the adidas Classic on Jan. 19 as Oral Roberts, Wichita State, Air Force and Iowa will all compete at the Devaney Center. The Huskers will travel to the Razorback Invitational in Fayetteville, Ark., on Jan. 25-26. Nebraska returns home to host the Frank Sevigne Husker Invitational on Feb. 1-2. This year the Huskers will welcome defending NCAA Indoor and Outdoor Champion Florida and SEC powerhouse Auburn as well as the Conference USA power Central Florida women. Nebraska also hosts former Big 12 foes Missouri, Baylor, Oklahoma State and Kansas State and Big Ten opponents Illinois and Wisconsin to the Devaney Center for the annual event. The Alabama Crimson Tide and North Carolina Tar Heels will travel to Lincoln as NU will hold the Mark Colligan Memorial on Feb. 9. The Huskers will wrap-up the home indoor season on Feb. 15 with the Nebraska Tune-Up. The 2013 Big Ten Indoor Championships will take place on Feb. 22-23 in Geneva, Ohio. The Huskers will take part in the Iowa State NCAA Qualifier on March 2 and will then travel to Fayetteville, Ark., for the 2013 NCAA Indoor Championships on March 8-9. NU opens the 2013 outdoor season on March 22-23 at the Arizona State Invitational in Tempe, Ariz. The Huskers then travel to the Arkansas Spring Invitational on March 30 in Fayetteville, Ark., and will head to Tuscaloosa, Ala., for the Crimson Tide Invite on April 6. The Huskers will host the Nebraska Quad on April 13 at Ed Weir Stadium. The Kansas Relays will take place on April 17-20 in Lawrence, Kan., while the Mt. SAC Relays will also go on at that time in Walnut, Calif. Nebraska will hold the Pre-Drake Meet on April 23 in Lincoln at Ed Weir Stadium, before heading to the Drake Relays in Des Moines, Iowa, the Penn Relays in Philadelphia, Pa., and the Triton Invitational in San Diego, Calif., on April 25-27. The Nebraska Invitational will be on May 4, before the Huskers head to the 2013 Big Ten Outdoor Championships in Columbus, Ohio on May 10-12. The Huskers will look for a strong postseason showing at the NCAA Championships Preliminary Round in Austin, Texas on May 23-25. The NCAA Championships Final Round will be held in Eugene, Ore., on June 5-8. 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Emily Wong earned four All-America honors in Session I of the championship meet. Nebraska Snags Six All-America Awards Session II Results Session I Results Combined All-Around Results Los Angeles, Calif. - Two Nebraska gymnasts bagged a total of six All-America honors in Session I of the 2013 NCAA Women's Gymnastics Championships on Friday afternoon. Emily Wong earned first-team accolades on vault, floor and in the all-around and second-team laurels on beam. Jessie DeZiel also snagged second-team honors on beam and in the all-around. Joining Wong and DeZiel in competition at Pauley Pavilion on the UCLA campus was senior Husker Brittany Skinner, who competed on vault. Wong captured a 39.575 in the all-around to finish third overall in the session and earn first-team All-America honors. She opened strong on beam in her first rotation, nailing a 9.875 to finish in a tie for sixth and capture a second-team All-America award. She followed up by posting a session-best 9.90 on floor to finish in a tie for first, then added an identical 9.90 effort on a beautiful vault to tie for fourth. After taking a bye in the fifth rotation, she finished with a 9.85 on bars to cap a powerful individual showing. Wong's efforts will earn the junior two spots in the NCAA individual event finals on Sunday afternoon. She finished in the top four in the session on both vault and floor exercise and will vie for an individual national title on each event. In addition, Wong's four total All-America honors are the most for any Husker since Emily Parsons earned four in 2005. Her three individual first-team awards are also the most since Parsons captured three first-team accolades in 2006. DeZiel earned a 39.425 in her all-around effort to finish eighth in the session and pick up second-team All-America honors. The Rogers, Minn., native began her day with a solid 9.85 performance on the uneven bars, sticking her routine to outscore all of the competitors in her rotation with Minnesota. She followed up by tying her season-high effort of 9.875 on beam, carrying out a rock-solid routine and hitting a difficult dismount to finish in a tie for sixth and capture a second All-America award. The sophomore moved to floor, earning a 9.85 before finishing with an identical 9.85 on vault in her final event of the day. Skinner competed alongside Stanford on vault in the third rotation. The senior capped her season by finishing 24th in the session on the event with a 9.825. The Super Six team finals are slated to take place tomorrow, April 20 at 6 p.m. CT. Wong will then take the floor for the Huskers in the individual event finals on Sunday, April 21 at 3 p.m. CT. Name Vault Bars Beam Floor All-Around Jessie DeZiel 9.85 9.85 9.875 9.85 39.425 Brittany Skinner 9.825 --- --- --- --- Emily Wong 9.90 9.85 9.875 9.90 39.525	2014-15/0022/en_head.json.gz/6144	{"url": "http://www.huskers.com/ViewArticle.dbml?ATCLID=205840881&SPID=30&DB_LANG=C&DB_OEM_ID=100&atclid=207321861", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.huskers.com", "date_download": "2014-04-16T07:56:52Z", "digest": "sha1:K4ATBOSZWINLMOEKNT7PUHT7FVFG2ZWY"}	{"ccnet_length": [[0, 2824, 2824.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 2824, 5694.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 2824, 13.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 2824, 146.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 2824, 0.95]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 2824, 326.9]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 2824, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 2824, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 2824, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 2824, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 2824, 0.33814103]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 2824, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 2824, 0.02947745]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 2824, 0.09066548]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 2824, 0.06476105]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 2824, 0.05716838]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 2824, 0.02947745]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 2824, 0.02947745]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 2824, 0.02679768]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 2824, 0.02143814]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 2824, 0.01473872]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 2824, 0.01442308]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 2824, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 2824, 0.23397436]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 2824, 0.38993711]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 2824, 4.69392034]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 2824, 0.0]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 2824, 4.72854706]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 2824, 477.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 81, 1.0], [81, 119, 0.0], [119, 138, 0.0], [138, 156, 0.0], [156, 184, 0.0], [184, 1210, 1.0], [1210, 1451, 1.0], [1451, 2315, 1.0], [2315, 2472, 1.0], [2472, 2705, 0.0], [2705, 2747, 0.0], [2747, 2786, 0.0], [2786, 2824, 0.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 81, 0.0], [81, 119, 0.0], [119, 138, 0.0], [138, 156, 0.0], [156, 184, 0.0], [184, 1210, 0.0], [1210, 1451, 0.0], [1451, 2315, 0.0], [2315, 2472, 0.0], [2472, 2705, 0.0], [2705, 2747, 0.0], [2747, 2786, 0.0], [2786, 2824, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 81, 13.0], [81, 119, 5.0], [119, 138, 3.0], [138, 156, 3.0], [156, 184, 3.0], [184, 1210, 173.0], [1210, 1451, 43.0], [1451, 2315, 145.0], [2315, 2472, 27.0], [2472, 2705, 45.0], [2705, 2747, 7.0], [2747, 2786, 3.0], [2786, 2824, 7.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 81, 0.0], [81, 119, 0.0], [119, 138, 0.0], [138, 156, 0.0], [156, 184, 0.0], [184, 1210, 0.02222222], [1210, 1451, 0.0], [1451, 2315, 0.03113772], [2315, 2472, 0.03921569], [2472, 2705, 0.02690583], [2705, 2747, 0.5], [2747, 2786, 0.19047619], [2786, 2824, 0.54545455]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 81, 0.0], [81, 119, 0.0], [119, 138, 0.0], [138, 156, 0.0], [156, 184, 0.0], [184, 1210, 0.0], [1210, 1451, 0.0], [1451, 2315, 0.0], [2315, 2472, 0.0], [2472, 2705, 0.0], [2705, 2747, 0.0], [2747, 2786, 0.0], [2786, 2824, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 81, 0.07407407], [81, 119, 0.15789474], [119, 138, 0.21052632], [138, 156, 0.16666667], [156, 184, 0.14285714], [184, 1210, 0.04191033], [1210, 1451, 0.02904564], [1451, 2315, 0.02430556], [2315, 2472, 0.01910828], [2472, 2705, 0.08154506], [2705, 2747, 0.07142857], [2747, 2786, 0.05128205], [2786, 2824, 0.05263158]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 2824, 0.20940274]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 2824, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 2824, 0.65429884]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 2824, -161.41604114]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 2824, -2.68630754]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 2824, 37.11007583]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 2824, 50.0]], "is_duplicate": true}
Violin Sonata No 1 in D major, Op 11 Sir Charles Villiers Stanford (1852-1924) 1877; written for Ludwig Straus who gave the first performance with Stanford at the Cambridge Guildhall on 18 May 1877 Stanford: Music for violin and piano Paul Barritt (violin), Catherine Edwards (piano) Movement 2: Allegretto moderato � Tempo di minuetto � Tempo I The Violin Sonata was first performed at a Cambridge University Musical Society chamber concert at the Cambridge Guildhall on 18 May 1877 by Ludwig Straus and Stanford and was repeated in London on 6 November; Hermann Franke, a pupil of Joachim and friend of Richter, also performed both the Violin and Cello Sonatas at his celebrated chamber concerts in London in 1882. The main frustration for Stanford, however, was securing a publisher. Writing to Alfred Littleton at Novello, he declared: ‘A good many people have asked me to publish my violin sonata; and before I offer it to a German publisher, I should like to know if you would undertake its publication.’ But Stanford knew only too well that publication of chamber music in England was a rarity and that it would be necessary to court a German publisher. After some negotiation it was taken by Ries of Dresden. By the time Stanford came to write this Violin Sonata he was still in the process of consolidating the roots of his musical language. Although assimilation of Brahms’s classical romanticism had begun in earnest—a fact attested by the steady succession of performances by CUMS of Brahms’s works—it would be several years before it was fully digested. More conspicuous at this point in his stylistic development is a veneration of Beethoven and, most of all, Schumann. Through Beethoven’s instrumental works (and Kiel’s sterling instruction) Stanford had gained a thorough understanding of structural control and classical equipoise, but having mastered these essential principles it was to Schumann that he looked for harmonic resource, poetic gesture and lyrical intensity. This gravitation is clearly evident in the eight songs from George Eliot’s The Spanish Gypsy, Op 1 (1872–4), the Heine songs, Op 4 (1874), the Toccata for piano, Op 3 (1875), the Phantasiestücke ‘Charivari in Dresden’ (1875) and most of all in the first Symphony (1876), effectively the climax of his student years. The largely successful diffusion of Beethoven and Schumann in the first Symphony is also perceptible in this Violin Sonata No 1. The first movement’s opening octave gesture, coupled with the precipitate shift to F sharp major after fourteen bars, suggests the influence of Beethoven, as does the reworking of this material on the development and coda. The second group of ideas in the dominant is, however, of a much more romantic frame of mind, looking more readily to the rhythmic and harmonic formulae of Schumann. The slow movement, a variation structure, provides yet another instance of classical method, in which the models of Beethoven and Brahms must have played a part (particularly in the process of gradual expansion and ‘alienation’), but the miniature framework is more suggestive of a Schumannesque romance or fantasy. The finale is even more indebted to Schumann for its devices and capricious handling of sonata form. The derivation of the opening thematic material from the slow movement recalls numerous instances in Schumann’s instrumental works (the two Violin Sonatas in A minor, Op 105, and D minor, Op 121, included) as does the unexpected beginning in the tonic minor. A sense of fantasy also pervades the development whose conventional process of reworking is truncated by the introduction of an entirely new thematic idea in D flat. This in turn gives rise to a spacious augmentation of the melody accompanied by energetic figurations in the piano that sound almost cadenza-like.from notes by Jeremy Dibble � 1999 Paul Barritt (violin) Catherine Edwards (piano) St George's, Brandon Hill, United Kingdom Mike Hatch Stanford: Music for violin and piano (CDA67024) Stanford: Music for violin and piano (CDH55362)	2014-15/0022/en_head.json.gz/6145	{"url": "http://www.hyperion-records.co.uk/tw.asp?w=W11108&t=GBAJY9802403&al=CDA67024", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.hyperion-records.co.uk", "date_download": "2014-04-16T08:47:59Z", "digest": "sha1:423URTWE4FXXAABEZ3GSKEB6L4T3ZMSN"}	{"ccnet_length": [[0, 4044, 4044.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 4044, 5350.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 4044, 13.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 4044, 72.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 4044, 0.94]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 4044, 310.0]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 4044, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 4044, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 4044, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 4044, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 4044, 0.37418514]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 4044, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 4044, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 4044, 0.07088761]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 4044, 0.07088761]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 4044, 0.02059982]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 4044, 0.02059982]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 4044, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 4044, 0.01211754]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 4044, 0.01454105]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 4044, 0.01999394]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 4044, 0.01694915]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 4044, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 4044, 0.16949153]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 4044, 0.50998464]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 4044, 5.07066052]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 4044, 0.0]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 4044, 5.22859467]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 4044, 651.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 37, 0.0], [37, 79, 0.0], [79, 198, 0.0], [198, 235, 0.0], [235, 284, 0.0], [284, 346, 0.0], [346, 3848, 0.0], [3848, 3870, 0.0], [3870, 3896, 0.0], [3896, 3938, 0.0], [3938, 3949, 0.0], [3949, 3997, 0.0], [3997, 4044, 0.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 37, 0.0], [37, 79, 0.0], [79, 198, 0.0], [198, 235, 0.0], [235, 284, 0.0], [284, 346, 0.0], [346, 3848, 0.0], [3848, 3870, 0.0], [3870, 3896, 0.0], [3896, 3938, 0.0], [3938, 3949, 0.0], [3949, 3997, 0.0], [3997, 4044, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 37, 9.0], [37, 79, 5.0], [79, 198, 20.0], [198, 235, 6.0], [235, 284, 6.0], [284, 346, 11.0], [346, 3848, 566.0], [3848, 3870, 3.0], [3870, 3896, 3.0], [3896, 3938, 6.0], [3938, 3949, 2.0], [3949, 3997, 7.0], [3997, 4044, 7.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 37, 0.08571429], [37, 79, 0.21052632], [79, 198, 0.08547009], [198, 235, 0.0], [235, 284, 0.0], [284, 346, 0.01666667], [346, 3848, 0.01339936], [3848, 3870, 0.0], [3870, 3896, 0.0], [3896, 3938, 0.0], [3938, 3949, 0.0], [3949, 3997, 0.11363636], [3997, 4044, 0.11363636]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 37, 0.0], [37, 79, 0.0], [79, 198, 0.0], [198, 235, 0.0], [235, 284, 0.0], [284, 346, 0.0], [346, 3848, 0.0], [3848, 3870, 0.0], [3870, 3896, 0.0], [3896, 3938, 0.0], [3938, 3949, 0.0], [3949, 3997, 0.0], [3997, 4044, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 37, 0.13513514], [37, 79, 0.0952381], [79, 198, 0.05042017], [198, 235, 0.05405405], [235, 284, 0.08163265], [284, 346, 0.08064516], [346, 3848, 0.02998287], [3848, 3870, 0.09090909], [3870, 3896, 0.07692308], [3896, 3938, 0.14285714], [3938, 3949, 0.18181818], [3949, 3997, 0.10416667], [3997, 4044, 0.10638298]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 4044, 0.73888528]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 4044, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 4044, 0.72979385]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 4044, -106.35569178]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 4044, 39.29460958]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 4044, 49.69131759]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 4044, 19.0]], "is_duplicate": true}
Cello Sonata in G minor, Op 19 Franck & Rachmaninov: Cello Sonatas Steven Isserlis (cello), Stephen Hough (piano) Movement 1: Lento � Allegro moderato Movement 2: Allegro scherzando Movement 3: Andante Movement 4: Allegro mosso The mystic aspect to Rachmaninov’s art can be felt strongly throughout his Cello Sonata, his most famous piece of chamber music. While there are no obvious quotations from any Orthodox hymns, the style of many of the themes, with their close intervals, their incense-filled colours, the passionate, almost obsessive repetition of single notes (particularly in the main theme of the slow movement), and the frequent bell-like sonorities, owe a huge debt to the music of the Russian Church that was such an important influence on the composer’s life. Written in 1901, the year after the perennially beloved Second Piano Concerto, the Cello Sonata reflects, perhaps, the state of Rachmaninov’s heart and mind. Having suffered a nervous breakdown after the catastrophic failure of his First Symphony in 1897, Rachmaninov had fought his way back to mental and creative health. Surely it is not fanciful to hear an echo of this in the struggles of the first movement, with its conflict between semitones and whole tones; in the dark night of the Scherzo; and then in the blazing joy of the Finale? No bearded Russian priest with his Easter cry ‘Christ is Risen’ can ever have sounded more triumphant than the cello does as it announces the glorious second theme of this movement. The whole sonata, imbued as it is with the classical discipline that is so vital a feature of all Rachmaninov’s music, encompasses a vast range of romantic emotion—a journey of the soul. (Incidentally, a footnote: any attentive listener following this performance with a score may be surprised, if not shocked, to hear us playing fortissimo at one point in the coda of the last movement, when the printed edition is clearly marked pianissimo. The justification—apart from the musical sense it so clearly makes, at least to us—comes from a piece of oral history: my grandfather, Julius Isserlis, used to play this sonata in Russia with the work’s dedicatee, the cellist Anatoly Brandukov. Brandukov, when he wasn’t busy flirting outrageously with my grandmother, apparently told my grandfather that Rachmaninov had decided, presumably after publication, that he preferred the fortissimo at this point. Since there has only been one edition of the sonata, this preference has never been documented. I heard about it only because my grandmother, also a pianist, learnt the sonata when she was around eighty, in order to play it with me when I was a little boy; she passed on this nugget of information, and I have to say that I find it entirely convincing.)from notes by Steven Isserlis � 2003	2014-15/0022/en_head.json.gz/6146	{"url": "http://www.hyperion-records.co.uk/tw.asp?w=W3651&vw=dc", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.hyperion-records.co.uk", "date_download": "2014-04-16T08:25:08Z", "digest": "sha1:QHP6HEB65XKDRZLF4SBSKL4Y5LCVWJMG"}	{"ccnet_length": [[0, 2792, 2792.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 2792, 3726.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 2792, 8.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 2792, 48.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 2792, 0.95]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 2792, 233.6]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 2792, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 2792, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 2792, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 2792, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 2792, 0.42857143]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 2792, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 2792, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 2792, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 2792, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 2792, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 2792, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 2792, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 2792, 0.01985878]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 2792, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 2792, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 2792, 0.00915751]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 2792, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 2792, 0.15750916]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 2792, 0.56768559]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 2792, 4.94759825]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 2792, 0.0]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 2792, 5.10011737]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 2792, 458.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 31, 0.0], [31, 67, 0.0], [67, 114, 0.0], [114, 151, 0.0], [151, 182, 0.0], [182, 202, 0.0], [202, 228, 0.0], [228, 2792, 0.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 31, 0.0], [31, 67, 0.0], [67, 114, 0.0], [114, 151, 0.0], [151, 182, 0.0], [182, 202, 0.0], [202, 228, 0.0], [228, 2792, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 31, 7.0], [31, 67, 4.0], [67, 114, 6.0], [114, 151, 6.0], [151, 182, 4.0], [182, 202, 3.0], [202, 228, 4.0], [228, 2792, 424.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 31, 0.06896552], [31, 67, 0.0], [67, 114, 0.0], [114, 151, 0.02857143], [151, 182, 0.03448276], [182, 202, 0.05555556], [202, 228, 0.04166667], [228, 2792, 0.00478469]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 31, 0.0], [31, 67, 0.0], [67, 114, 0.0], [114, 151, 0.0], [151, 182, 0.0], [182, 202, 0.0], [202, 228, 0.0], [228, 2792, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 31, 0.12903226], [31, 67, 0.11111111], [67, 114, 0.08510638], [114, 151, 0.08108108], [151, 182, 0.06451613], [182, 202, 0.1], [202, 228, 0.07692308], [228, 2792, 0.0175507]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 2792, 0.7278679]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 2792, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 2792, 0.16918302]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 2792, -7.79302367]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 2792, 43.16807257]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 2792, -19.26629655]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 2792, 13.0]], "is_duplicate": true}
Game 95 wrapup: The no-freebie A’s get it done Posted on July 13, 2013 by John Hickey Sunday will be the final day before the All-Star break, the traditional end of the first half of the season. And with the A’s playing the Red Sox, it will wind up having been an excellent first half for Oakland, win or lose. Consider that a week ago the A’s were facing the toughest run-up to the break for anybody in the Major Leagues. Oakland had the fourth-best win total at the time, 52, and had to play two of the three teams with more wins, Pittsburgh (53) on the road and Boston (54) at home. Five of the six games have been played, the A’s have won three of the five and they will find up doing no worse than splitting the six games. And given that Bartolo Colon is throwing Sunday, you have to like Oakland’s chances in the finale against the Sox. How, exactly, has this team gotten here? Mostly it’s with pitching. In winning three of the last five, the A’s have not scored much, but they’ve gotten enough pitching for wins of 2-1 and 2-1 against the Pirates and 3-0 Saturday night against the Red Sox. For a team that has been without its opening day starter virtually all season, the A’s have turned in some quality pitching. They lead the American League with a 3.65 ERA in large part because they also lead in fewest walks. A.J. Griffin walked one in eight innings Saturday and Grant Balfour none in his one inning. Ten times in 94 games the A’s haven’t walked anyone. Twenty four times they’ve walked just one. And	2014-15/0022/en_head.json.gz/6147	{"url": "http://www.ibabuzz.com/athletics/2013/07/13/game-95-wrapup-the-no-freebie-as-get-it-done/", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.ibabuzz.com", "date_download": "2014-04-16T07:54:28Z", "digest": "sha1:LWZWWINHQWHRHBLUK47S62FPA36CBR4K"}	{"ccnet_length": [[0, 1515, 1515.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 1515, 1718.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 1515, 8.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 1515, 15.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 1515, 0.98]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 1515, 263.5]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 1515, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 1515, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 1515, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 1515, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 1515, 0.45125348]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 1515, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 1515, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 1515, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 1515, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 1515, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 1515, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 1515, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 1515, 0.02521008]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 1515, 0.02521008]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 1515, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 1515, 0.02785515]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 1515, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 1515, 0.19498607]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 1515, 0.58303887]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 1515, 4.204947]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 1515, 0.0]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 1515, 4.71613704]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 1515, 283.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 47, 0.0], [47, 195, 1.0], [195, 311, 1.0], [311, 586, 1.0], [586, 843, 1.0], [843, 1099, 1.0], [1099, 1324, 1.0], [1324, 1515, 0.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 47, 0.0], [47, 195, 0.0], [195, 311, 0.0], [311, 586, 0.0], [586, 843, 0.0], [843, 1099, 0.0], [1099, 1324, 0.0], [1324, 1515, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 47, 9.0], [47, 195, 28.0], [195, 311, 23.0], [311, 586, 53.0], [586, 843, 49.0], [843, 1099, 46.0], [1099, 1324, 41.0], [1324, 1515, 34.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 47, 0.04545455], [47, 195, 0.04195804], [195, 311, 0.0], [311, 586, 0.02281369], [586, 843, 0.0], [843, 1099, 0.0244898], [1099, 1324, 0.01363636], [1324, 1515, 0.01075269]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 47, 0.0], [47, 195, 0.0], [195, 311, 0.0], [311, 586, 0.0], [586, 843, 0.0], [843, 1099, 0.0], [1099, 1324, 0.0], [1324, 1515, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 47, 0.06382979], [47, 195, 0.0472973], [195, 311, 0.04310345], [311, 586, 0.02545455], [586, 843, 0.0311284], [843, 1099, 0.03125], [1099, 1324, 0.03555556], [1324, 1515, 0.05235602]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 1515, 0.12615538]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 1515, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 1515, 0.07405806]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 1515, -95.92966513]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 1515, 48.71310047]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 1515, -57.25181614]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 1515, 18.0]], "is_duplicate": false}
OUR DANGERS ARE HERE AT HOME By COL. CHARLES A. LINDBERGH Before the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, February 6, 1941 Vital Speeches of the Day, Vol. VII, pp. 266-267 IN the hope that it will save time and add to clarity, I have attempted to outline briefly my reasons for opposition to this bill. In general, I have two. I oppose it, first, because I believe it is a step away from the system of government in which most of us in this country believe. Secondly, I oppose it because I think it represents a policy which will weaken rather than strengthen our nation. The first point is simply my opinion as an American citizen. The second is closely connected with the development of aviation as a factor in modern warfare. It is this second point, if you will permit me, that I would like to discuss. I shall have to speak with the utmost frankness in order to make my position clear. If my discussion seems materialistic, it is because war is materialistic, and must be met, at least for the moment, with material measures. No one deplores this fact more than I. Possibly if our outlook had been more spiritual during the years of peace, it would not have to be so material today. And here I would like to say that I have never taken the stand that it makes no difference to us who wins this war in Europe. It does make a difference to us, a great difference. But I do not believe that it is either possible or desirable for us in America to control the outcome of European wars. When I am asked which side I would like to have win, it would be very easy for me to say "the English." But, gentlemen, an English victory, if it were possible at all, would necessitate years of war and an invasion of the Continent of Europe. I believe this would create prostration, famine and disease in Europe�and probably in America�such as the whole world has never experienced before. This is why I say that I prefer a negotiated peace to a complete victory by either side. This bill is obviously the most recent step in a policy which attempts to obtain security for America by controlling internal conditions in Europe. The policy of depleting our own forces to aid England is based upon the assumption that England will win this war. Personally, I do not believe that England is in a position to win the war. If she does not win, or unless our aid is used in negotiating a better peace than could otherwise be obtained, we will be responsible for futilely prolonging the war and adding to the bloodshed and devastation in Europe, particularly among the democracies. In that case, the only advantage we can gain by our action lies in whatever additional time we obtain to prepare ourselves for defense. But instead of consolidating our own defensive position in America, we are sending a large portion of our armament production abroad. In the case of aviation, for instance, we have sent most of it, yet our own air forces are in deplorable condition for lack of modern equipment. The majority of the planes we now have are obsolescent on the standards of modern warfare. This bill even authorizes the transfer of the equipment that our air forces now possess. From the standpoint of aviation, at least, I believe this policy weakens our security in America. Europe's Aviation Position In order to make this point clear, I would like to touch briefly upon the aviation situation in Europe. During the study I made of European aviation in 1936, 1937 and 1938, I was forced to the conclusion that Germany was the natural air power of Europe, just as England is the natural sea power. I based this conclusion upon a combination of factors including geographical and meteorological conditions; national psychology; ability in the design, manufacture, and operation of aircraft; and upon a comparison of existing European air forces and manufacturing facilities. I concluded that the United States was the only nation in the world capable of equaling or excelling Germany in aviation. But since we in America had specialized in commercial aviation, and neglected military aviation, it was obvious to me that Germany had a lead in military aviation which could not be overcome in less than several years. I believe that the campaigns and developments of the war have borne out these conclusions. At the present moment Germany controls air bases on the Continent of Europe which extend almost in a semicircle around the British Isles. From these bases she can converge upon the relatively centralized industry and aviation establishments of England. This fact alone gives the German Air Force great advantage. Even if the British and German air forces were equal in strength, Germany would have the advantage geographically. Her air bases are now much closer to the English objectives than the English air bases are to the German objectives. The German bomber can carry extra bombs, while the English bomber must carry extra fuel. And the Germans have longer warning of an attack than the English have because of the greater distances that must be flown over the Continent before important objectives can be reached. In support of these facts, I cite the ease with which London can be bombed, in comparison to the difficulty involved in bombing Berlin. And in addition to Germany's advantage geographically, she has the additional asset of a much stronger air force and far greater aircraft manufacturing facilities than exist in England. Sees Obstacles to Aid In view of these factors alone, I believe it is obvious that England cannot obtain an air strength equal to Germany's without great assistance from the United States; and my personal opinion is that, regardless of how much assistance we send, it will not be possible for American and British aviation, concentrated in the small area of the British Isles, to equal the strength of German aviation, with unlimited bases throughout the Continent of Europe. We would have a disadvantageous geographical position from which to fight, and an ocean to cross with aircraft, men, fuel and supplies, while our ships would be constantly subjected to the bombs and torpedoes of our enemy. With this picture of Europe in mind, I now return to my statement that, from the standpoint of aviation, the attempt to gain supremacy of the air in Europe weakens our securityin America. If we follow the policy represented by this bill, we will find ourselves with England as a bridgehead in Europe; and, one might say, with the American neck stretched clear across the Atlantic Ocean. If we establish such a bridgehead we must make every effort to maintain it. In that, as I say, I do not see how we can be successful. If England is able to hold out for several years, and if we devote our maximum wartime effort to the production of aircraft, we can almost certainly equal or exceed the air strength of Germany. But then we would be confronted with the problem of transporting that air strength to the British Isles. In doing this, we would have to rely largely on surface ships. We might be able to fly many of our aircraft to England, but the fuel and supplies to maintain them would have to go by sea. Thus we would place ourselves in the position of having our aviation in England dependent upon sea lanes within easy bombing range of our enemy's aircraft. It is also essential to take into consideration the fact that we have another island bridgehead in the Philippines; so that if we follow out the policy represented by this bill, we will have to maintain and protect supply lines which stretch two-thirds of the way around the earth, and which end in positions exposed to attack by the most powerful nations of both Europe and Asia. This would be an audacious undertaking even if our nation were fully prepared for war. But we are not prepared for war, and the attempt to hold control of island positions off the coasts of Europe and Asia, at the same time, wouldnecessitate depleting even the small defense forces that we now have, as the terms of this bill clearly show. What we are doing in following our present policy is giving up an ideal defense position in America for a very precarious offensive position in Europe. I would be opposed to our entering the internal wars of Europe under any circumstances. But it is an established fact today, that our Army and our Air Force are but poorly equipped on modern standards, and even our Navy is in urgent need of new equipment. If we deplete our forces still further, as this bill indicates we may, and if England should lose this war, then, gentlemen, I think we may be in danger of invasion, although I do not believe we are today. If we ever are invaded in America, the responsibility will lie upon those who send our arms abroad. I advocate building strength in America because I believe we can be successful in this hemisphere. I oppose placing our security in an English victory because I believe that such a victory is extremely doubtful. I am opposed to this bill because I believe it endorses a policy that will lead to failure in war and to conditions in our own country as bad or worse than those we now desire to overthrow in Nazi Germany. I do not believe that the danger to America lies in an invasion from abroad. I believe it lies here at home in our own midst, and that it is exemplified by the terms of this bill�the placing of our security in the success of foreign armies and the removal of power from the representatives of the people in our own land.	2014-15/0022/en_head.json.gz/6148	{"url": "http://www.ibiblio.org/pha/policy/1941/1941-02-06a.html", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.ibiblio.org", "date_download": "2014-04-16T07:53:31Z", "digest": "sha1:PUIRJ7JI4S3ICVE7VZI65L5MGHZZA3NE"}	{"ccnet_length": [[0, 9463, 9463.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 9463, 9498.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 9463, 31.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 9463, 31.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 9463, 0.97]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 9463, 264.7]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 9463, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 9463, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 9463, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 9463, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 9463, 0.49023861]], 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Rumors In Australia Rumors are circulating that Ice Cube is touring Australia in September. IT'S NOT TRUE. The Ice Cube tour is scheduled to hit Australia in APRIL 2012. Please don't be fooled by the September rumors.icecube.com by rzep Ice Cube RareInk Art Series Debuts... Today Ice Cube and RareInk launch the music industry's first autographed art program for fans. This series of original, authentic, limited edition, autographed art pieces that will be unveiled at 10AM PST via the RareInk website. This is more than just an opporrunity for fans to own unique, high quality, art that is hand signed by Ice Cube and the artist, this is also an opportunity to make a difference. A portion of the proceeds will go to Minority Aids Project, which is a non-profit organization that provides educational and other HIV/AIDS related support services to eligible individuals without regard to age, gender, ethnicity, culture, language or other circumstances. Ice Cube’s first RareInk series features original works by artists MiQ Willmott (TWEEQIM), Kerry Laster (Phantom Kay), Mark Sgarbossa, Grzegorz Demoradzki (Gabz), and Leon Bedore (Tes One), as well as a portrait by renowned photographer Patrick Hoelck. The first series of artwork is comprised of nine pieces available in limited edition runs of seventy-five to two hundred and fifty. Highlights include original artist reinterpretations of Ice Cube’s classic ‘Amerikkka’s Most Wanted’ and ‘The Predator’ album covers as well as a mural-themed piece based on his classic ‘It Was A Good Day’ video. Each piece is hand signed by Ice Cube, with two of the editions also including his handprint, which he dipped in paint and applied to each print. Signing and interview footage is also included on a DVD that is packaged with each print. In order to ensure the authenticity of the signature and artwork, each RareInk print is affixed with a uniquely serialized anti-counterfeit label on the back and includes a certificate of authenticity noting the edition number. The Ice Cube / RareInk series is available at 10AM PST today, only on RareInk.com. Wed, Jun 22, 2011 at 7:55 AM ICE CUBE & RAREINK COLLABORATE Ice Cube and RareInk have announced a partnership that will create the music industry's first autographed art program for fans. The collaboration will produce a series of original, authentic, limited edition, autographed art pieces that will be unveiled over the next week. “Expanding the interaction with fans of my music by offering limited edition, signed artwork that they are able to share and enjoy with their friends and family is something I feel my fans deserve,” said Ice Cube, who in addition to being the RareInk’s first artist will serve as the company’s strategic advisor. “With RareInk, music fans now have an online destination for unique, autographed art that they know is real. Not only does RareInk create amazing pieces of art that bring my albums and songs to life but a portion of the proceeds will benefit the Minority AIDS Project, an organization I have worked with over the past two decades.” Ice Cube’s first series of artwork will be released on Wednesday, June 22nd at 10:00 A.M. PDT; it is comprised of nine pieces available in limited edition runs of seventy-five to two hundred and fifty. The editions will be sold exclusively on RareInk.com and feature fine art quality prints of iconic photography, album covers, and original pieces. Highlights include original artist reinterpretations of Ice Cube’s classic ‘Amerikkka’s Most Wanted’ and ‘The Predator’ album covers as well as a mural- themed piece based on his classic ‘It Was A Good Day’ video. Each piece is hand signed by Ice Cube, with two of the editions also including his handprint, which he dipped in paint and applied to each print. Ice Cube’s first RareInk series features original works by artists MiQ Willmott (TWEEQIM), Kerry Laster (Phantom Kay), Mark Sgarbossa, Grzegorz Demoradzki (Gabz), and Leon Bedore (Tes One), as well as a portrait by renowned photographer Patrick Hoelck. The autographed large-scale prints range in size and price, from 24’’ by 24’’ album prints for $300, to the 36’’ by 24’’ Hoelck portrait which features Ice Cube’s handprint at $700. The RareInk website showcases video of Ice Cube signing the pieces and discussing the artwork and albums. The signing and interview footage is also included on a DVD that is packaged with each print. In order to ensure the authenticity of the signature and artwork, each RareInk print is affixed with a uniquely serialized anti-counterfeit label on the back and includes a certificate of authenticity noting the edition number. “In the music business we take a hit song, sample part of it, and try to make another hit record with it. In the same way, RareInk has taken my albums and turned them into amazing works of stand-alone art. The series is something I’m really proud of and I’m sure other recording artists are going to want to get involved, both for their fans and their charities,” commented Ice Cube. Music fans can visit RareInk.com to view Ice Cube’s artwork and signing videos leading up to the premiere release of the series on June 22nd in addition to joining RareInk’s FaceBook page to receive exclusive information on soon to be announce collaborations with other musical icons and RareInk. TONIGHT Ice Cube Performs on Jimmy... Ice Cube rocks the outdoor stage at Jimmy Kimmel Live tonight at 12/11c on ABC. Don't miss it. Ice Cube Gets His Name on the...	2014-15/0022/en_head.json.gz/6149	{"url": "http://www.icecube.com/news/page/9?h=2011-05-23+15%3A40%3A00&p=2&d=prev", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.icecube.com", "date_download": "2014-04-16T07:47:14Z", "digest": "sha1:3US76EEMIXPUDXIR6ZFQNEGQC25JDVNR"}	{"ccnet_length": [[0, 5498, 5498.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 5498, 6735.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 5498, 12.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 5498, 91.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 5498, 0.95]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 5498, 263.1]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 5498, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 5498, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 5498, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 5498, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 5498, 0.34877384]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 5498, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 5498, 0.41015274]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 5498, 0.44856244]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 5498, 0.44856244]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 5498, 0.43261456]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 5498, 0.43261456]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 5498, 0.43261456]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 5498, 0.02515723]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 5498, 0.00718778]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 5498, 0.00808625]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 5498, 0.02997275]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 5498, 0.25]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 5498, 0.15531335]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 5498, 0.3693495]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 5498, 4.90848953]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 5498, 0.0027248]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 5498, 5.23803723]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 5498, 907.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 20, 0.0], [20, 229, 0.0], [229, 237, 0.0], [237, 275, 1.0], [275, 2130, 0.0], [2130, 2161, 0.0], [2161, 3080, 1.0], [3080, 3789, 1.0], [3789, 5333, 1.0], [5333, 5371, 1.0], [5371, 5466, 1.0], [5466, 5498, 1.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 20, 0.0], [20, 229, 0.0], [229, 237, 0.0], [237, 275, 0.0], [275, 2130, 0.0], [2130, 2161, 0.0], [2161, 3080, 0.0], [3080, 3789, 0.0], [3789, 5333, 0.0], [5333, 5371, 0.0], [5371, 5466, 0.0], [5466, 5498, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 20, 3.0], [20, 229, 34.0], [229, 237, 2.0], [237, 275, 6.0], [275, 2130, 300.0], [2130, 2161, 4.0], [2161, 3080, 153.0], [3080, 3789, 118.0], [3789, 5333, 256.0], [5333, 5371, 6.0], [5371, 5466, 18.0], [5466, 5498, 7.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 20, 0.0], [20, 229, 0.0199005], [229, 237, 0.0], [237, 275, 0.0], [275, 2130, 0.00721021], [2130, 2161, 0.0], [2161, 3080, 0.0], [3080, 3789, 0.00867052], [3789, 5333, 0.01061712], [5333, 5371, 0.0], [5371, 5466, 0.04444444], [5466, 5498, 0.0]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 20, 0.0], [20, 229, 0.0], [229, 237, 0.0], [237, 275, 0.0], [275, 2130, 0.0], [2130, 2161, 0.0], [2161, 3080, 0.0], [3080, 3789, 0.0], [3789, 5333, 0.0], [5333, 5371, 0.0], [5371, 5466, 0.0], [5466, 5498, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 20, 0.15], [20, 229, 0.12440191], [229, 237, 0.0], [237, 275, 0.18421053], [275, 2130, 0.05175202], [2130, 2161, 0.80645161], [2161, 3080, 0.02611534], [3080, 3789, 0.03949224], [3789, 5333, 0.04274611], [5333, 5371, 0.28947368], [5371, 5466, 0.09473684], [5466, 5498, 0.15625]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 5498, 0.80650371]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 5498, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 5498, 0.88614672]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 5498, -329.90433561]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 5498, 23.870162]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 5498, -145.49859252]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 5498, 44.0]], "is_duplicate": true}
Action on Taxes Capital Gains and Dividends ICI Resources ICI Applauds Congressional Passage of Tax Bill Creating Certainty and Lower Tax Rates on Investments Enactment in 2010 Will Benefit Investors, Economy Washington, DC, December 17, 2010 - ICI President and CEO Paul Schott Stevens issued the following statement on U.S. House of Representatives approval of tax legislation, H.R. 4853, that will maintain and extend the current tax rates on capital gains and dividends for two years: “With House approval of this legislation, Congress has moved judiciously to prevent the economic drag of higher taxes on investment income and to give investors and the markets certainty on the tax rates they’ll face in 2011 and 2012. “While ICI favors a permanent extension of the current rates on capital gains and dividends, we support the current two-year extension as a vital step to advance our nation’s economic recovery and to support investors. We look forward to seeing the bill’s enactment in the coming days.” Without enactment of this legislation, the top tax rates on investment income are scheduled to increase from the current 15 percent on January 1, 2011 to 20 percent for capital gains and a top tax rate of 39.6 percent for dividend income.	2014-15/0022/en_head.json.gz/6150	{"url": "http://www.ici.org/taxation/cap_gains/resources/10_news_house_tax_pass", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.ici.org", "date_download": "2014-04-16T07:16:06Z", "digest": "sha1:47GRC5ZPYX6LEKJCZEBC55K6QULGGOX5"}	{"ccnet_length": [[0, 1249, 1249.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 1249, 3062.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 1249, 10.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 1249, 79.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 1249, 0.93]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 1249, 333.5]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 1249, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 1249, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 1249, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 1249, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 1249, 0.30801688]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 1249, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 1249, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 1249, 0.06054688]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 1249, 0.06054688]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 1249, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 1249, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 1249, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 1249, 0.046875]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 1249, 0.05859375]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 1249, 0.0703125]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 1249, 0.04219409]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 1249, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 1249, 0.16455696]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 1249, 0.5320197]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 1249, 5.04433498]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 1249, 0.0]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 1249, 4.34913926]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 1249, 203.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 16, 0.0], [16, 44, 0.0], [44, 58, 0.0], [58, 105, 0.0], [105, 159, 0.0], [159, 209, 0.0], [209, 489, 0.0], [489, 724, 1.0], [724, 1011, 1.0], [1011, 1249, 1.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 16, 0.0], [16, 44, 0.0], [44, 58, 0.0], [58, 105, 0.0], [105, 159, 0.0], [159, 209, 0.0], [209, 489, 0.0], [489, 724, 0.0], [724, 1011, 0.0], [1011, 1249, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 16, 3.0], [16, 44, 4.0], [44, 58, 2.0], [58, 105, 7.0], [105, 159, 8.0], [159, 209, 7.0], [209, 489, 44.0], [489, 724, 39.0], [724, 1011, 47.0], [1011, 1249, 42.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 16, 0.0], [16, 44, 0.0], [44, 58, 0.0], [58, 105, 0.0], [105, 159, 0.0], [159, 209, 0.08333333], [209, 489, 0.03745318], [489, 724, 0.03448276], [724, 1011, 0.0], [1011, 1249, 0.05128205]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 16, 0.0], [16, 44, 0.0], [44, 58, 0.0], [58, 105, 0.0], [105, 159, 0.0], [159, 209, 0.0], [209, 489, 0.0], [489, 724, 0.0], [724, 1011, 0.0], [1011, 1249, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 16, 0.125], [16, 44, 0.10714286], [44, 58, 0.28571429], [58, 105, 0.17021277], [105, 159, 0.11111111], [159, 209, 0.1], [209, 489, 0.07142857], [489, 724, 0.01276596], [724, 1011, 0.0174216], [1011, 1249, 0.00840336]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 1249, 0.14094985]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 1249, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 1249, 0.07951641]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 1249, -112.46691671]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 1249, 16.87361416]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 1249, -29.4863292]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 1249, 9.0]], "is_duplicate": true}
Martin Munkacsi, Ferienfreude (Vacation Pleasure), cover of Berliner Illustrirte Zeitung, July 21, 1929. Collection of the International Center of Photography Rise of the Picture Press: Photographic Reportage and the Illustrated Press, 1918–1939 MARCH 27–JUNE 16, 2002 Rise of the Picture Press explores the period in the 1920s and 1930s when innovative photography and graphic design joined forces in the pages of the large-format weekly magazines. The exhibition presents 150 examples of rare European and American publications. Some photographers represented include figures such as André Kertész, Martin Munkacsi, Alexander Rodchenko, Robert Capa, Margaret Bourke-White, Bill Brandt, Brassai, Henri Cartier-Bresson, and John Heartfield. Curated by Christopher Phillips. More on the exhibition	2014-15/0022/en_head.json.gz/6151	{"url": "http://www.icp.org/museum/exhibitions/rise-picture-press-photographic-reportage-and-illustrated-press-1918-1939", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.icp.org", "date_download": "2014-04-16T07:27:56Z", "digest": "sha1:2R6ZV3TNEZAWHIYQGJVHFLQ2OY64DA7B"}	{"ccnet_length": [[0, 796, 796.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 796, 1892.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 796, 4.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 796, 60.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 796, 0.83]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 796, 227.9]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 796, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 796, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 796, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 796, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 796, 0.2]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 796, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 796, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 796, 0.06315789]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 796, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 796, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 796, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 796, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 796, 0.03007519]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 796, 0.02706767]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 796, 0.0481203]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 796, 0.01428571]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 796, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 796, 0.24285714]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 796, 0.74311927]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 796, 6.10091743]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 796, 0.0]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 796, 4.1620423]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 796, 109.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 246, 0.0], [246, 269, 0.0], [269, 774, 1.0], [774, 796, 0.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 246, 0.0], [246, 269, 0.0], [269, 774, 0.0], [774, 796, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 246, 32.0], [246, 269, 4.0], [269, 774, 69.0], [774, 796, 4.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 246, 0.05932203], [246, 269, 0.38095238], [269, 774, 0.02240326], [774, 796, 0.0]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 246, 0.0], [246, 269, 0.0], [269, 774, 0.0], [774, 796, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 246, 0.08130081], [246, 269, 0.39130435], [269, 774, 0.05742574], [774, 796, 0.04545455]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 796, 0.01805854]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 796, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 796, 0.0743767]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 796, -29.89944808]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 796, -5.54243802]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 796, 28.84227806]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 796, 6.0]], "is_duplicate": false}
Lay Siege to Heaven A Novel of St. Catherine of Siena by Louis de Wohl Product Code: LSH-P Continuing his popular series of novels about saints of the Church, de Wohl devotes his considerable talents to an interpretation of one of the most unusual women of all time, Saint Catherine of Siena. The daughter of a prosperous dyer in fourteenth-century Siena, Catherine never forgot the mystical experience of her extreme youth; at that time she devoted herself to Christ. It was, however, a shock to her family when, refusing marriage, she insisted on giving her life totally to God.Her career was extraordinary. In that confused and dangerous era of history, the Pope was living at Avignon: Catherine persuaded him to return to Rome. The City-States of Italy were at war with each other: Catherine subdued them. There was pestilence: Catherine served and saved. She performed miracles, she received the stigmata, she drew about her a crowd of devoted men and women.A saint who would not let the Lord God alone, she really did lay siege to heaven—and changed the face of her world. This novel, which is also a vivid biography, brings Catherine of Siena to life in a remarkable way. She lives on every page."This novel artfully combines solid historical scholarship with lively dialogues, and sheds light on the greatness and sublimity of the woman's mission in the Church. The fact that an untutored woman gained power over Popes and political events by identifying her will with God's will, manifests eloquently that real strength—i.e. supernatural strength—comes from the joyful acceptance of one's 'nothingness.' Humility, charity, prayer and sacrifice—not scholarship—taught Catherine true theology, and made her a Doctor of the Church. This book can teach a lot to modern scholars and to women seeking liberation."— Alice von Hildebrand, Author, By Love Refined "These pages positively glow with de Wohl's discovery of history's public secret: there is no life more human than the supernatural life of a saint and no romance greater than the struggle to love only what God loves."— Fr. George Rutler, Author, Seven Ages of Man Ignatius Mobile	2014-15/0022/en_head.json.gz/6152	{"url": "http://www.ignatius.com/Mobile/Products/LSH-P/lay-siege-to-heaven.aspx", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.ignatius.com", "date_download": "2014-04-16T07:53:15Z", "digest": "sha1:3TVTXXQP5K66DAHV5OVCFWIMBPZVRU5G"}	{"ccnet_length": [[0, 2144, 2144.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 2144, 2326.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 2144, 6.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 2144, 19.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 2144, 0.96]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 2144, 277.8]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 2144, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 2144, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 2144, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 2144, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 2144, 0.36511628]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 2144, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 2144, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 2144, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 2144, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 2144, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 2144, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 2144, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 2144, 0.01154068]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 2144, 0.02769763]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 2144, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 2144, 0.00930233]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 2144, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 2144, 0.14651163]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 2144, 0.61714286]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 2144, 4.95142857]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 2144, 0.0]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 2144, 4.96856418]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 2144, 350.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 20, 0.0], [20, 54, 0.0], [54, 71, 0.0], [71, 91, 0.0], [91, 1864, 0.0], [1864, 2144, 0.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 20, 0.0], [20, 54, 0.0], [54, 71, 0.0], [71, 91, 0.0], [91, 1864, 0.0], [1864, 2144, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 20, 4.0], [20, 54, 7.0], [54, 71, 4.0], [71, 91, 3.0], [91, 1864, 284.0], [1864, 2144, 48.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 20, 0.0], [20, 54, 0.0], [54, 71, 0.0], [71, 91, 0.0], [91, 1864, 0.0], [1864, 2144, 0.0]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 20, 0.0], [20, 54, 0.0], [54, 71, 0.0], [71, 91, 0.0], [91, 1864, 0.0], [1864, 2144, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 20, 0.15], [20, 54, 0.14705882], [54, 71, 0.11764706], [71, 91, 0.3], [91, 1864, 0.02763677], [1864, 2144, 0.04285714]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 2144, 0.77425641]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 2144, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 2144, 0.49155027]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 2144, 53.35403212]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 2144, 26.81001949]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 2144, 32.98756986]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 2144, 21.0]], "is_duplicate": false}
Wikileaks and Julian Assange, As if not have a topic about this already Options 0bs3n3 This place is more dead than I thought.Ok, so you are all probably pretty tired of hearing about Wikileaks, but I thought we could have a discussion about Mr. Assange and his website. Do you think his website is good/bad? Do you agree with his purpose in releasing documents (more transparent world/justice/etc.)? Personally, I find him fucking unbearable. Not least because every time I turn the news on, I hear his name. I honestly wouldn't care if he was locked up or conveniently went 'missing', a certain level of secrecy is necessary within government. Oh and him and his followers seem to have a very severe case of unwarranted self-importance. I think the future U.S president is great, 'Assange unamerican' lol.Apparently Assange's supporters hacked/crashed VISA's online systems last night and are planning to do the same to twitter. How convenient, just when the U.S government is trying to push through internet censorship laws. The elite always turn a 'crisis' round to suit their nazi agenda's. If they're not attacking their own people they're letting real enemies get through.Do I sound like a conspiracy freak? Fuck you! This post has been edited by Marney1: Dec 9 2010, 11:17 AM 0bs3n3 Wikileaks and Julian Assange Dec 7 2010, 01:55 AM TreeFitty QUOTE (0bs3n3 @ Dec 6 2010, 08:55 PM) ...... Dec 7 2010, 02:15 AM Fido 15 America at its best. Treating Assange like the Chi... Dec 7 2010, 04:58 AM Mental Istid QUOTE (Fido 15 @ Dec 6 2010, 11:58 PM) Am... Dec 7 2010, 05:24 AM Edgecrusher Never even heard of this until I saw this thread t... Dec 7 2010, 03:48 PM Stoic Person Eater There are like 68 other sites I'd rather talk ... Dec 7 2010, 03:59 PM Edgecrusher No, he was wearing a condom which split during sex... Dec 7 2010, 04:09 PM Stoic Person Eater QUOTE (Edgecrusher @ Dec 7 2010, 11:09 AM... Dec 7 2010, 04:58 PM Edgecrusher QUOTE * Sexual molestation - had unprotected sex w... Dec 7 2010, 05:48 PM demon QUOTE (0bs3n3 @ Dec 7 2010, 02:55 AM) I h... Dec 7 2010, 08:15 PM LoonaTyk1 QUOTE (demon @ Dec 7 2010, 02:15 PM) QUOT... Dec 10 2010, 10:19 AM Qdeathstar I was wondering how long it would take for someone... Dec 7 2010, 11:09 PM Fido 15 Not all the documents were released. Also, he... Dec 7 2010, 11:44 PM Mental Istid Hey, anything that nudges the clock closer to zero... Dec 8 2010, 03:39 AM Fido 15 QUOTE (Mental Istid @ Dec 7 2010, 10:39 P... Dec 8 2010, 06:13 PM Marney1 I think the future U.S president is great, 'As... Dec 9 2010, 11:01 AM Skinny� QUOTE (Marney1 @ Dec 9 2010, 10:01 PM) I ... Dec 11 2010, 06:53 AM Marney1 QUOTE (Skinny� @ Dec 11 2010, 06:53 AM) Q... Dec 11 2010, 11:46 AM Skinny� QUOTE (Marney1 @ Dec 11 2010, 10:46 PM) Q... Dec 12 2010, 04:20 AM Marney1 QUOTE (Skinny� @ Dec 12 2010, 04:20 AM) Q... Dec 12 2010, 03:59 PM TreeFitty As far as I know, all they did was bring down the ... Dec 9 2010, 05:04 PM Fido 15 http://www.veteranstoday.com/2010/12/08/wi...er-ca... Dec 9 2010, 09:38 PM Marney1 QUOTE (Fido 15 @ Dec 9 2010, 09:38 PM) ht... Dec 9 2010, 10:06 PM Qdeathstar QUOTE (Marney1 @ Dec 9 2010, 11:01 AM) I ... Dec 9 2010, 11:48 PM Marney1 Seems we may disagree with eachother on this one. Dec 10 2010, 12:34 AM demon LoonaTyk1, I don't know if you're sarcasti... Dec 10 2010, 05:21 PM LoonaTyk1 QUOTE (demon @ Dec 10 2010, 11:21 AM) Loo... Dec 11 2010, 05:55 PM cuda is your boi i think we need more websites such as wikileaks, i... Dec 10 2010, 10:11 PM Darth Sexy It's about time governments feared their citiz... Dec 14 2010, 10:29 AM Skinny� QUOTE (Darth Sexy @ Dec 14 2010, 09:29 PM... Dec 18 2010, 05:20 AM Marney1 QUOTE (Skinny� @ Dec 18 2010, 05:20 AM) Q... Dec 18 2010, 02:36 PM demon Leaks. Exciting but not good. Dec 14 2010, 08:46 PM demon I heard Bank of America blacklisted Wikileaks too.... 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Ranking the NLL’s first-round draft classes: Class of ‘98 has a bit of everything at No. 7 November 1st, 2012 by Bob Chavez Goalie Matt Disher and his old-school lid help push the draft Class of 1998 toward the top. (Photo: Larry Palumbo) Big names, big games. The Class of 1998 has ‘em both. Casey Powell. Kaleb Toth. Chris Sanderson. And that’s just getting started, with 3 of the 7 picks that made up this round of talent that very nearly put this group in the Top 5. For sure, these fellas have every aspect of the game represented, and represented well. Goals, saves, faceoffs and defense. It’s all there for the Class of 1998 and some of these guys aren’t done yet. But by the time it’s all said and done, we could be looking at one of the most effective and most balanced classes ever drafted into the National Lacrosse League. You’d think with Powell going at No. 1, it’d be downhill from there for the rest of the round, but that is hardly the case. See for youself, after the jump. 1998 first-round draft picks 1. Casey Powell (Knighthawks) 2. Kaleb Toth (Rock) 3. Rory Graham (Rock) 4. Chris Sanderson (Thunder) 5. Brad MacArthur (Knighthawks) 6. Jamie Hanford (Wings) 7. Matt Disher (Bandits) Regular season statistics Goals: 626 (89.4 average per player) Assists: 784 (112.0) Points: 1,410 (201.4) (ranks No. 9 and No. 5 out of 24 classes) Goals: 66 (9.4) Assists: 76 (10.9) Points: 142 (20.3) (No. 7 and No. 2) Overall ranking: 7 The Class of 1998 has just 7 picks, but a couple of the names are legendary. Casey Powell was the top overall pick coming out of Syracuse and to say he struggled early is not accurate. Dude has always played with a ton of heart and the fact of the matter was, he just didn’t know the indoor game early on. Maybe that played into his decision to take a short break from the game but when he came back, he was on and his progress in the indoor game was very apparent. It led to him being named MVP after the 2010 season and is the first American to win the award. He missed last season as he recovered from an injury and apparently is ready to return for the 2013 season, with the Rochester Knighthawks. Kaleb Toth, of course, scored THAT goal in the final seconds for the Rock to win the 2000 NLL championship and he’s been a steady offensive option for the large part of his career until he saw his playing time begin to diminish this past season in Calgary. Sanderson, known more for his prowess as a goalie in the field game than in the NLL, passed away from cancer earlier this year but his impact on the game as a player and coach will forever be honored and cherished. Another goalie in this class, Disher, was as classy as pro athletes come, jumping between the pipes to do his job and rarely complaining. Hanford was a tremendous D man and MacArthur played for a few teams in his 7-year career, making a name for himself as one of the game’s most effective drawmen. There’s no doubt this class belongs in the Top 10, so the No. 7 slot fits them quite well with big points coming from their playoff scoring average as a group, which ranks them No. 2 overall among all the 24 draft classes. Previous classes No. 24: Class of 1988 No. 9: Class of 2006 Chavez is an avid lacrosse player in Rochester and a journalist for the Democrat and Chronicle as well as a longtime Inside Lacrosse contributor. Email him at bob.chavez@nllinsider.com or go to RochesterSports.com. Rate This Story: (0 rating, 2 votes) To comment visit the NLL Forums << ILIndoor Top 40: Mike Carnegie #25 2012 Rochester Knighthawks: What went wrong, what went right >> Scheduled Games	2014-15/0022/en_head.json.gz/6154	{"url": "http://www.ilindoor.com/2012/11/01/ranking-the-nlls-first-round-draft-classes-class-of-98-has-a-bit-of-everything-at-no-7/", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.ilindoor.com", "date_download": "2014-04-16T07:21:35Z", "digest": "sha1:KMCQFYDCTRJE7BLSWRIUIDDTUC6EOK64"}	{"ccnet_length": [[0, 3601, 3601.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 3601, 13177.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 3601, 28.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 3601, 406.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 3601, 0.98]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 3601, 269.7]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 3601, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 3601, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 3601, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 3601, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 3601, 0.37831325]], 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Company: Orbotix Website: www.gosphero.com Model: Sphero Compatible: All iPads, iPhone 3GS/4/4S + iPod touch 3G/4G Orbotix Sphero Published: Thursday, July 5, 2012 Category: Miscellaneous Accessories, Games Historically, the line between "technology demo" and "finished product" was fairly clear: tech demos were free, incomplete software, hinting at what finished, paid products would become after receiving additional polish. But in recent years -- particularly after the introduction of the App Store -- that line has blurred, as apps are now routinely released in unfinished form, only to be fixed and sometimes rethought later, a process that has led to as much innovation as post-launch iteration. The demo versus final product dichotomy has oddly come up again with Orbotix's Sphero ($130), a wirelessly-controlled translucent white ball containing rechargeable battery-powered motors and colored lights. Announced in early 2011 for $100, Sphero was subsequently redesigned, bumped in price, and very slowly rolled out to customers, only appearing this past week in Apple Stores. Today, we're looking at where Sphero and its iOS app ecosystem stand, and whether it's worth spending $130 for this unique but unusual toy. Sphero arrives in a small white and blue box with three parts. First is the roughly 3” diameter ball, which is smooth save for slightly elevated, stylized swirl marks on its sides, glowing with a small array of colored LED lights when it’s in use, charging, or in need of being charged. Second is a relatively plain black wall adapter, which connects to the third piece, an inductive charging dock. Equipped with its own blue LED, the dock blinks when it’s in the middle of a three-hour recharging cycle, then goes solid blue when the battery is full. While it’s hard to say that the ball and the charging station collectively feel worthy of even $80, let alone $130, each part is undeniably more thoughtfully designed than it might have been; the accessory does feel like a finished product, even if the price point isn’t quite right. The charging station is noteworthy for what it does and doesn’t do; it does make charging as simple as dropping the ball in a dish, and only misses the obvious opportunity to serve as a start- or end-point for game apps. But the key element in Sphero is unsurprisingly the ball itself, which does a whole lot more than one might guess from its unassuming form and size. In early 2011, we summarized the pre-release incarnation of Sphero as a glorified pet toy, but this toy packs some interesting hardware: a Bluetooth 2 chip for up to 50-foot wireless control, gyroscope and accelerometer sensors, plus enough motorized power to roll over or out of uneven surfaces such as carpeting, though not grass. The inner colored lights clearly indicate its one-device-at-a-time pairing status, and a surprisingly sophisticated processor enables Sphero to pulse with color for a variety of app-specific purposes. Because of those apps, it’s fair to say that Sphero could be used as nothing more than a pet toy, but realistically, it’s capable of acting like many different toys, as well as other things. You can skip the next section in favor of this short summary if you don’t want to read individually about all of the apps, but in truth, great software is the only thing that might make you spend $130 on a motorized ball. Orbotix has done a good job of thinking trough and working around the key issues users might experience across Sphero game apps, so you’re generally prompted to use a two finger rotation gesture on your iPad, iPhone, or iPod touch screen to orient the ball’s initial position relative to where you’re standing, and to reorient it where necessary. Short of tracking both your relative location and your iOS device’s—conceivable given Apple’s accelerometers and gyroscopes, though likely challenging—this is a good system for manually calibrating and recalibrating Sphero’s controls. Other apps remove the rolling elements from Sphero altogether, turning it into a handheld, rotating controller with a vibrating and glowing core. It’s these sorts of things that make Orbotix’s accessory seem more diverse and interesting than initially pitched, though whether you’d actually scoop up something that’s been rolling on the floor to use as a game controller remains questionable. The Apps Orbotix has produced a number of free, universal iPad and iPhone apps to go along with Sphero—unfortunately none with updated graphics for the Retina display iPad— and a handful of third-party apps demonstrate how the ball can be used as a control mechanism. The succinctly titled app Sphero is the best place for a Sphero purchaser to start. This free application contains elements of some of the others, collected together in a central hub. Users can control the ball with an on-screen joystick, by drawing a path, or even with voice commands. Another mode lets Sphero sit in a stationary position, answering spoken yes/no questions by blinking green or red depending on the answer. We’re not sure how the information is processed, but the responses seemed to be right more often than they were wrong. Gimmicks aside, this app shows off Sphero’s key toy features quite well. A second free app called Sphero Chromo is unique in that it’s the only first-party app that requires users to pick Sphero up off the floor and use it as a controller for what’s on the iOS device’s screen, rather than the other way around. The game has you place your thumb over the ball’s blue taillight, twisting it around to control a point of light on the iPad or iPhone. There are various game modes, but through them all the idea is to move the dot around a circle towards a specific color segment. This is a fun but simple game, and an encouraging display of potential controller uses. 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Full Review at: http://www.imaging-resource.com/PRODS/SH21/SH21A.HTM Olympus SH-21 Overview Inside the compact 1.1 inch thick body of the Olympus SH-21, the company has selected both a 1/2.33"-type, 14 megapixel CCD image sensor and an Olympus-branded 12.5x optical zoom lens which offers focal length equivalents across a generous range from a 24mm wide angle to a 300mm telephoto. A 3.0-inch LCD display with roughly 154k pixel resolution, where each pixel comprises separate red, green and blue dots, offers the SH-21's only option for framing and reviewing images, as there's no optical viewfinder on this model. Usefully given the telephoto reach on offer, the Olympus VR340 does offer true mechanical (sensor shift type) image stabilization, - one half of Olympus' "Dual Image Stabilization" system for fighting blur. The other half is what Olympus refers to as "Digital Image Stabilization" - essentially a setting that causes the camera to raise ISO sensitivity (along with shutter speeds and image noise) in an attempt to freeze motion. ISO sensitivity ranges from a low of ISO 100 to a maximum of ISO 1,600 equivalent. The Olympus VR340 employs a contrast-detection autofocus system operating off data streaming from the camera's image sensor, and includes a face detection function linked to both the autoexposure and autofocus systems, and capable of simultaneously locating up to eight faces in the image frame. Olympus' AF system also allows for tracking of a subject as it moves around the frame, once a lock is achieved. Olympus Shadow Adjustment function -- first seen on the company's digital SLRs -- is included to help restore detail in shaded areas without blowing out the highlights in high-contrast scenes. The VR340 includes a variety of what the company terms Magic Art Filters, which are similar to the in-camera Art Filters first introduced in Olympus digital SLRs in 2009. Two 2011 model-year Magic Filters -- Sparkle, and Punk -- are included, in addition to the Pop Art, Pin Hole, Fish-Eye, Soft Focus, and Drawing filters seen in previous models. A total of 14 scene modes are offered in the Olympus SH-21, allowing users some degree of control over their images without needing to understand the subtleties of shutter speeds and apertures. As well as Program Auto, there's also an Intelligent Auto mode which can automatically select the correct mode from a subset of these - either Portrait, Landscape, Night + Portrait, Macro or Sports. A 3D Photo mode captures two images from slightly differing angles, and combines the result into an MPO-format image suitable for viewing on 3D-capable displays. The VR340 can capture high definition 720p videos at 15 or 30 frames per second, using AVI Motion JPEG compression. Connectivity options include both USB 2.0 High Speed data, composite standard definition video output, and Type-D Mini HDMI high definition video output. The HDMI connection includes HDMI-CEC (Consumer Electronic Control) support, allowing certain playback functions to be controlled directly from an attached display's remote control unit. A rechargeable LI-42B Lithium Ion battery with charger is included with the SH-21, although information on battery life wasn't available at press time. Images are stored in a modest 33MB of internal memory, as well as on SD or SDHC memory cards -- but not the latest SDXC types. No plans have been announced to sell the Olympus SH-21 in the US market. 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Melanie Griffith Photo Gallery All > Paradise See all photos from Melanie Griffith was born on August 9, 1957, in New York City to model Tippi Hedren and advertising executive Peter Griffith. Her parents' marriage ended in 1961 and Tippi came to Los Angeles to get a new start. Tippi caught the eye of the great director Alfred Hitchcock, who gave her starring roles in The Birds (1963) and Marnie (1964). Tippi ... See full bio » Refine All Photos By See All Photos (194) Melanie Griffith Photo & Video	2014-15/0022/en_head.json.gz/6157	{"url": "http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0000429/mediaindex?refine=tt0102631", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.imdb.com", "date_download": "2014-04-16T07:47:11Z", "digest": "sha1:JVRPZFRT33AWWM2GK3R3HO3ULWYUVAU4"}	{"ccnet_length": [[0, 503, 503.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 503, 3261.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 503, 7.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 503, 190.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 503, 0.87]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 503, 310.6]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 503, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 503, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 503, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 503, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 503, 0.21568627]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 503, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 503, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 503, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 503, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 503, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 503, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 503, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 503, 0.11363636]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 503, 0.1010101]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 503, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 503, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 503, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 503, 0.21568627]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 503, 0.70114943]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 503, 4.55172414]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 503, 0.00980392]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 503, 3.96170957]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 503, 87.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 31, 0.0], [31, 46, 0.0], [46, 66, 0.0], [66, 431, 0.0], [431, 452, 0.0], [452, 473, 0.0], [473, 503, 0.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 31, 0.0], [31, 46, 0.0], [46, 66, 0.0], [66, 431, 0.0], [431, 452, 0.0], [452, 473, 0.0], [473, 503, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 31, 4.0], [31, 46, 2.0], [46, 66, 4.0], [66, 431, 65.0], [431, 452, 4.0], [452, 473, 4.0], [473, 503, 4.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 31, 0.0], [31, 46, 0.0], [46, 66, 0.0], [66, 431, 0.0487106], [431, 452, 0.0], [452, 473, 0.16666667], [473, 503, 0.0]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 31, 0.0], [31, 46, 0.0], [46, 66, 0.0], [66, 431, 0.0], [431, 452, 0.0], [452, 473, 0.0], [473, 503, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 31, 0.12903226], [31, 46, 0.13333333], [46, 66, 0.05], [66, 431, 0.06027397], [431, 452, 0.19047619], [452, 473, 0.14285714], [473, 503, 0.13333333]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 503, -6.91e-06]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 503, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 503, 0.15745276]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 503, -39.17899714]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 503, -9.9230121]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 503, 8.23631554]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 503, 5.0]], "is_duplicate": false}
The Week in Spandex - The Dark Knight Rises, Man of Steel, Iron Man 3, The Avengers, The Wolverine, Fantastic Four and more 1 January 2013 2:36 AM, PST \| Flickeringmyth \| See recent Flickeringmyth news Our weekly round up of all the latest news stories from the world of screen superheroes, including The Dark Knight Rises, Man of Steel, Iron Man 3, The Avengers 2, S.H.I.E.L.D., The Wolverine, X-Men: Days of Future Past, Fantastic Four, Arrow and more.......As 2013 approaches, Warner Bros. has made one final Academy Awards push for The Dark Knight Rises, releasing a 'For Your Consideration' iBook which collects together all of the film's campaign posters, as well as a behind-the-scenes trailer and selection of TV spots. The studio is lobbying hard in a number of the top categories, including Best Picture, Best Director (Christopher Nolan), Best Actor (Christian Bale), Best Actress (Anne Hathaway), Best Supporting Actor (Michael Caine, Gary Oldman, Tom Hardy, Joseph Gordon-Levitt, Morgan Freeman), Best Supporting Actress (Marion Cotillard), Best Adapted Screenplay (Christopher Nolan, Jonathan Nolan) - and will be hoping to avoid a repeat of this - flickeringmyth See full article at Flickeringmyth » Christopher Nolan (I) (From Hitfix. 15 April 2014, 9:45 PM, PDT) Review: 'Transcendence' Starring Johnny Depp, Rebecca Hall, Kate Mara & Morgan Freeman (From The Playlist. 15 April 2014, 9:03 PM, PDT) Film Review: ‘Transcendence’ (From Variety - Film News. 15 April 2014, 9:00 PM, PDT) New cast photo for The Expendables 3 (From Flickeringmyth. 15 April 2014, 11:02 AM, PDT) Boy King Mocked: The Web’s Best Joffrey Memes (From Vulture. 15 April 2014, 10:00 AM, PDT) Hans Zimmer poised to return for Batman vs Superman score (From Digital Spy - Movie News. 15 April 2014, 2:50 AM, PDT) "Agents Of S.H.I.E.L.D.:Nothing Personal" (From SneakPeek. 15 April 2014, 5:58 PM, PDT) Maria Hill Featured In New Images From Agents Of S.H.I.E.L.D. S1, E20; "Nothing Personal" (From ComicBookMovie. 15 April 2014, 1:57 PM, PDT) Marvel's Agents Of S.H.I.E.L.D.: "The Only Light In The Darkness" Synopsis (From ComicBookMovie. 15 April 2014, 12:38 PM, PDT)	2014-15/0022/en_head.json.gz/6158	{"url": "http://www.imdb.com/news/ni43746722/", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.imdb.com", "date_download": "2014-04-16T08:09:43Z", "digest": "sha1:6K7ZDGSZ7LOK7APFHVU5O2DNTCPFVXQP"}	{"ccnet_length": [[0, 2155, 2155.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 2155, 6413.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 2155, 25.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 2155, 220.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 2155, 0.8]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 2155, 159.7]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 2155, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 2155, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 2155, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 2155, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 2155, 0.09811321]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 2155, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": 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Amahl and the Night Visitors (II) - 13 April 1952 Gian Carlo Menotti (libretto) Chet Allen, Rosemary Kuhlmann, Leon Lishner \| Test your knowledge of Amahl and the Night Visitors. Chet Allen Amahl Rosemary Kuhlmann Amahl's Mother Leon Lishner King Balthazar See full cast » Also Known As: Hallmark Hall of Fame: Amahl and the Night Visitors (#1.16) Version of Amahl and the Night Visitors (1978) Discuss Amahl and the Night Visitors (1952) on the IMDb message boards »	2014-15/0022/en_head.json.gz/6159	{"url": "http://www.imdb.com/title/tt1055640/", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.imdb.com", "date_download": "2014-04-16T09:40:58Z", "digest": "sha1:VVTD2ALKDIZG6TYBFYCR4TWZZYCOP4E4"}	{"ccnet_length": [[0, 467, 467.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 467, 4674.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 467, 12.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 467, 301.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 467, 0.59]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 467, 236.3]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 467, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 467, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 467, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 467, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 467, 0.17346939]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 467, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 467, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 467, 0.33604336]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 467, 0.14092141]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 467, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 467, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 467, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 467, 0.10840108]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 467, 0.14905149]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 467, 0.21680217]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 467, 0.01020408]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 467, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 467, 0.2755102]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 467, 0.58441558]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 467, 4.79220779]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 467, 0.01020408]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 467, 3.56420965]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 467, 77.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 34, 0.0], [34, 50, 0.0], [50, 80, 0.0], [80, 126, 0.0], [126, 179, 1.0], [179, 190, 0.0], [190, 214, 0.0], [214, 242, 0.0], [242, 273, 0.0], [273, 348, 0.0], [348, 395, 0.0], [395, 467, 0.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 34, 0.0], [34, 50, 0.0], [50, 80, 0.0], [80, 126, 0.0], [126, 179, 0.0], [179, 190, 0.0], [190, 214, 0.0], [214, 242, 0.0], [242, 273, 0.0], [273, 348, 0.0], [348, 395, 0.0], [395, 467, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 34, 6.0], [34, 50, 3.0], [50, 80, 4.0], [80, 126, 6.0], [126, 179, 9.0], [179, 190, 2.0], [190, 214, 3.0], [214, 242, 4.0], [242, 273, 6.0], [273, 348, 13.0], [348, 395, 8.0], [395, 467, 13.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 34, 0.0], [34, 50, 0.46153846], [50, 80, 0.0], [80, 126, 0.0], [126, 179, 0.0], [179, 190, 0.0], [190, 214, 0.0], [214, 242, 0.0], [242, 273, 0.0], [273, 348, 0.04411765], [348, 395, 0.09090909], [395, 467, 0.05714286]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 34, 0.0], [34, 50, 0.0], [50, 80, 0.0], [80, 126, 0.0], [126, 179, 0.0], [179, 190, 0.0], [190, 214, 0.0], [214, 242, 0.0], [242, 273, 0.0], [273, 348, 0.0], [348, 395, 0.0], [395, 467, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 34, 0.14705882], [34, 50, 0.0625], [50, 80, 0.1], [80, 126, 0.13043478], [126, 179, 0.0754717], [179, 190, 0.18181818], [190, 214, 0.125], [214, 242, 0.14285714], [242, 273, 0.09677419], [273, 348, 0.12], [348, 395, 0.08510638], [395, 467, 0.09722222]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 467, 5.01e-06]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 467, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 467, 0.00071436]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 467, -50.88338377]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 467, -18.62735983]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 467, -5.20405561]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 467, 3.0]], "is_duplicate": false}
Commencement Response CardsMust be submitted electronically or printed and returned to the Office of the Vice President for Student Development & Engagement c/o Tracey JesterNot later than Friday, April 25, 2014 Commencement PostcardElectronic version of the 90th Immaculata University Commencement Ceremony Academic AttirePick up at Bookstore from April 1, 2014 to April 30, 2014 Bookstore – 610-647-4400 ext. 3090 Hours: Mon-Thurs 10 a.m. - 7 p.m., Fri 9 a.m. - 4 p.m. Open until 9:00 p.m. during rehearsal Open 10:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. during Commencement Commencement RehearsalMonday, May 5, 2014 Immaculata University, Alumnae Hall Theater – 6 p.m.Rehearsal check-in will take place in the Large Gym beginning at 5:30 p.m. Distribution of TicketsMonday, May 5, 2014 During Rehearsal in Alumnae Hall TheaterAll academic, financial, and library obligations MUST be cleared to receive tickets. Baccalaureate Liturgy for AllSaturday, May 17, 2014 4:30 p.m., Villa Maria House of StudiesGraduates, please wear academic attire. No tickets required. CommencementSunday, May 18, 2014 Villa Maria Quadrangle Ceremony begins at 1:30 p.m. Guests may begin to arrive at 11:30 a.m. *Graduates, report to The Great Hall beginning at 11 a.m. but no later than 12:45 p.m. for line-up. Wear academic attire. FlowersFlowers are available by advance order and pick-up at the Commencement Ceremony. There will be flowers available to purchase the day of Commencement as well. Using the web link below to purchase flowers gives a portion of the proceeds to our Immaculata Athletics Department. www.commencementflowers.com/index.php/immaculata Home Response Card Baccalaureate Liturgy Alumni Board of Governors Connect with IU's Community Immaculata Fund	2014-15/0022/en_head.json.gz/6160	{"url": "http://www.immaculata.edu/commencement/information", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.immaculata.edu", "date_download": "2014-04-16T07:37:03Z", "digest": "sha1:3POMSRK7A4SEHLNMXHPXIM3NMU4QD7SV"}	{"ccnet_length": [[0, 1736, 1736.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 1736, 4842.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 1736, 23.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 1736, 185.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 1736, 0.89]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 1736, 328.8]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 1736, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 1736, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 1736, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 1736, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 1736, 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Thursday, December 4, 2003 The Lies of Geneva by Shlomo Avineri The Lies of Geneva by Shlomo Avineri (The writer is a veteran professor of history and political science at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, a former director-general of Israel's Foreign Ministry, and a moderate-left activist. This article appeared as an OpEd in the December 1, 2003 afternoon daily "Yediote Aharonote." Translated by Moshe Kohn.) The initiators of the Geneva document are, of course, entitled to express their views and publicize them in any manner they see fit. But do they have the right to brazenly lie to the public as to what the document does or does not contain? Here are a few examples: The initiators present themselves as independent political and intellectual figures from both sides. Not so. Indeed, the Israeli side includes opposition figures and independent intellectuals; the Palestinian side is headed by the former Palestinian Minister of Information, who said the document has Arafat's blessing. The Palestinian Prime Minister says he personally agrees with the document. The Palestinian initiators do not include any opposition figures - because there is no real opposition in the Palestinian Authority, except for Hamas and Islamic Jihad, who, as is known, are not partners to the initiative. This is a document of part of the opposition in Israel and of the Palestinian ruling establishment. Before the document was made public, the initiators said it contains Palestinian recognition of the State of Israel as "the state of the Jewish people." Not so. The "Jewish people" is not mentioned in the document. What is does say is that "the two sides recognize Palestine and Israel as the national homes of their nations." Whoever wishes can certainly say that Israel as "the state of all its citizens" is the national home of "the Israeli nation," which includes Jews and Arabs. It is no coincidence that the word "Jew" doesn't appear in the document. The Palestinian signators do not include anyone who believes there is a "Jewish people." The document's initiators said the Palestinians have waived the right of return. Not so. The document says United Nations Resolution 194 and other resolutions shall be the basis for the solution of the refugee problem. To be sure, resolution 194 doesn't speak of the "right" of return - it only determines that the refugees shall return to their former places. As the Arabs see it, Resolution 194 is the basis of the international legitimacy of the right of return. The document's initiators said most of the Israeli settlers would remain where they are. This is correct only if the term "settlers" includes not only those living in the West Bank and the Gaza Strip but also the 200,000 Israelis living over the Green Line in Jerusalem. When the explanatory notes say that 300,000 Israelis over the Green Line will remain in their places, it is clear that most of the settlers in the West Bank and Gaza Strip will be evacuated. How many? It is worthwhile knowing how many, but nowhere do the initiators expressly say how many settlers will have to be evacuated. The reason for this lacuna is obvious. A careful reading of the document shows that in the matter of the refugee problem and certain other matters Israel will in effect be placed under the supervision of an "implementation" group and a commission comprising not only the U.N., the U.S., Russia and the European Union, but also the Arab states. In effect, Israel will cease to be a sovereign country regarding substantive matters and will turn into a kind of international mandated territory. It is clear why this is not being told to the public. Not only the Arab refugees will be entitled to compensation, but also some Arab countries - for the expenses they incurred in "hosting" the refugees since 1948. The Israelis public has not been told this. It also has not been told that the agreement speaks of developing "appropriate ways of memorializing the [Arab] villages and communities that existed before 1949." Who would by a used car from these people? Not I. .................................................................................................... Contact Us POB 982 Kfar Sava Tel 972-9-7604719 Fax 972-3-7255730 email:imra@netvision.net.il IMRA is now also on Twitter http://twitter.com/IMRA_UPDATES	2014-15/0022/en_head.json.gz/6161	{"url": "http://www.imra.org.il/story.php3?id=19061", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.imra.org.il", "date_download": "2014-04-16T07:32:15Z", "digest": "sha1:IONAQFQRESYZTPOSK4ROW56VY27EZ6AQ"}	{"ccnet_length": [[0, 4325, 4325.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 4325, 4567.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 4325, 65.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 4325, 66.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 4325, 0.94]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 4325, 213.7]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 4325, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 4325, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 4325, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 4325, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 4325, 0.43577431]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 4325, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 4325, 0.0]], 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/ Celebrities, Chevrolet, News / George Clooney drives his C1 Corvette George Clooney drives his C1 Corvette The famous American actor George Clooney has been recently spotted while driving his red and white classic C1 Corvette. Rich and famous people are known for their passion in new and expensive cars but it seems that George Clooney is an exception from the rule and he is currently reliving his youth. The famous actor has been recently spotted while taking his classic red and white C1 Corvette for a spin and we must admit that the little car suits him just perfect. As a quick reminder, the Chevrolet Corvette C1 has been produced between 1953 and 1962 and it was assembled in Flint, Michigan, until 1954, and in St. Louis, Missouri, until 1962. The model was a sports car with a single body style, two-door convertible, coming with a choice of six engines and three transmissions over the years. When it made its way onto the market back in 1953, the C1 Corvette was priced at 3,498 USD for the entry-level version and just 300 units of the model have been produced that year, unlike 1962, when 14,531 units have left the assembly line. In total, 69,015 units of the C1 Corvette have been produced. Source: Corvette Blogger by Cristian Gnaticov (my Google+) - Monday, October 8th, 2012 - filed under Celebrities, Chevrolet, News. Image credit: . Related Articles 2012 c1 corvette car cars Celebrities classic george clooney Discuss: George Clooney drives his C1 Corvette Leave a Reply	2014-15/0022/en_head.json.gz/6162	{"url": "http://www.inautonews.com/george-clooney-drives-his-c1-corvette", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.inautonews.com", "date_download": "2014-04-16T07:16:48Z", "digest": "sha1:7BROMEAO6H747ZKPS2YNFCICLBG4BSTQ"}	{"ccnet_length": [[0, 1495, 1495.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 1495, 1578.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 1495, 8.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 1495, 10.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 1495, 0.97]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 1495, 322.8]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 1495, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 1495, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 1495, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 1495, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 1495, 0.33557047]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 1495, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 1495, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 1495, 0.12531328]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 1495, 0.0802005]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 1495, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 1495, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 1495, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 1495, 0.06683375]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 1495, 0.04761905]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 1495, 0.05513784]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 1495, 0.03020134]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 1495, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 1495, 0.19127517]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 1495, 0.54183267]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 1495, 4.7689243]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 1495, 0.0]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 1495, 4.58309131]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 1495, 251.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 71, 0.0], [71, 109, 0.0], [109, 229, 1.0], [229, 576, 1.0], [576, 907, 1.0], [907, 1210, 1.0], [1210, 1235, 0.0], [1235, 1495, 0.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 71, 0.0], [71, 109, 0.0], [109, 229, 0.0], [229, 576, 0.0], [576, 907, 0.0], [907, 1210, 0.0], [1210, 1235, 0.0], [1235, 1495, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 71, 9.0], [71, 109, 6.0], [109, 229, 19.0], [229, 576, 64.0], [576, 907, 57.0], [907, 1210, 56.0], [1210, 1235, 3.0], [1235, 1495, 37.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 71, 0.015625], [71, 109, 0.02702703], [109, 229, 0.00847458], [229, 576, 0.00290698], [576, 907, 0.05345912], [907, 1210, 0.09246575], [1210, 1235, 0.0], [1235, 1495, 0.04508197]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 71, 0.0], [71, 109, 0.0], [109, 229, 0.0], [229, 576, 0.0], [576, 907, 0.0], [907, 1210, 0.0], [1210, 1235, 0.0], [1235, 1495, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 71, 0.09859155], [71, 109, 0.10526316], [109, 229, 0.05], [229, 576, 0.01729107], [576, 907, 0.03021148], [907, 1210, 0.02970297], [1210, 1235, 0.12], [1235, 1495, 0.07307692]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 1495, 0.18590468]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 1495, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 1495, 0.31895322]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 1495, -39.07591572]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 1495, 5.83922009]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 1495, 12.9583803]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 1495, 11.0]], "is_duplicate": false}
July 1, 2002 2:00 AM 0 Comments FESTIVALS: Los Angeles Film Festival 2002, A Festival Finds a Purpose FESTIVALS: Los Angeles Film Festival 2002, A Festival Finds a Purposeby Jonny LeahanThe Los Angeles Film Festival (LAFF) wrapped on Saturday night with a screening of Fox Searchlight Pictures' dark comedy "The Good Girl," directed by Miguel Arteta. The evening capped a ten day bonanza of screenings, panels, parties and special events that for the most part were attended by sell-out crowds.9000 Sunset, site of the Laemmle Sunset 5 Theater, home base for the LA Film Fest.Photo by: Eugene Hernandez/indieWIREAny suggestion that LA did not need the expanded festival seemed to fade as the week went on, as audiences and filmmakers alike summoned a sense of community seldom seen at these types of gatherings. Director of programming Rachel Rosen was clearly pleased with the results. "Of course I always feel like there is more we can do, but I was really happy with the response of audiences to the festival," Rosen told indieWIRE. This was Rosen's first time at bat, and the risks she took generally seemed to pay off. "Although the idea was to try and create a balanced program," Rosen explained, "what I always start from is the actual film. It's always just about how to try and give shape to the films that you love, as they come to you, that are rising to the surface anyway." Addressing the relevance of the festival itself, Rosen said that "the only criteria we had for submitting films was that they had not shown in L.A. They are all films that audiences wouldn Festivals	2014-15/0022/en_head.json.gz/6163	{"url": "http://www.indiewire.com/article/festivals_los_angeles_film_festival_2002_a_festival_finds_a_purpose", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.indiewire.com", "date_download": "2014-04-16T08:50:20Z", "digest": "sha1:KNVD6PZWQWKCKF3VHAZMSNKX3VU5VIX5"}	{"ccnet_length": [[0, 1585, 1585.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 1585, 4619.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 1585, 3.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 1585, 144.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 1585, 0.98]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 1585, 264.9]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 1585, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 1585, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 1585, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 1585, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 1585, 0.39197531]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 1585, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 1585, 0.07898894]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 1585, 0.07898894]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 1585, 0.07898894]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 1585, 0.07898894]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 1585, 0.07898894]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 1585, 0.07898894]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 1585, 0.02369668]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 1585, 0.03317536]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 1585, 0.0521327]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 1585, 0.04012346]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 1585, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 1585, 0.16358025]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 1585, 0.60661765]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 1585, 4.65441176]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 1585, 0.0]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 1585, 4.76832532]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 1585, 272.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 32, 0.0], [32, 102, 0.0], [102, 1585, 0.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 32, 0.0], [32, 102, 0.0], [102, 1585, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 32, 7.0], [32, 102, 11.0], [102, 1585, 254.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 32, 0.31034483], [32, 102, 0.05970149], [102, 1585, 0.00625434]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 32, 0.0], [32, 102, 0.0], [102, 1585, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 32, 0.125], [32, 102, 0.24285714], [102, 1585, 0.0532704]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 1585, 0.20217693]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 1585, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 1585, 0.27716666]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 1585, -15.40909265]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 1585, 5.57708315]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 1585, -37.24613098]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 1585, 12.0]], "is_duplicate": false}
November 15, 2007 12:02 AM 0 Comments iW NEWS \| Three Films Get Heartland Award Upcoming releases "Mr. Magorium's Wonder Emporium," "August Rush" and "Enchanted" were announced as the new recipients of the award given out by Heartland Truly Moving Pictures, recogizing films that "exemplify excellence in filmmaking and Heartland’s purpose." The films join numerous 2007 films that already been bestowed the award, including "Ratatouille" and "A Mighty Heart." Heartland Truly Moving Pictures, a non-profit organization, seeks to "recognize and honor filmmakers whose work explores the human journey by expressing hope and emphasizing the best of the human spirit". [Peter Knegt] \|	2014-15/0022/en_head.json.gz/6164	{"url": "http://www.indiewire.com/article/iw_news_three_films_get_heartland_award", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.indiewire.com", "date_download": "2014-04-16T09:09:56Z", "digest": "sha1:25GW33UAS5FWDFKIKS2XSQ2ZJ55LOUTS"}	{"ccnet_length": [[0, 681, 681.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 681, 3636.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 681, 3.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 681, 140.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 681, 0.91]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 681, 261.1]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 681, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 681, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 681, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 681, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 681, 0.24242424]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 681, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 681, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 681, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 681, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 681, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 681, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 681, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 681, 0.01821494]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 681, 0.07285974]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 681, 0.10200364]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 681, 0.02272727]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 681, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 681, 0.25757576]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 681, 0.74]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 681, 5.49]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 681, 0.0]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 681, 4.14234958]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 681, 100.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 38, 0.0], [38, 80, 0.0], [80, 681, 0.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 38, 0.0], [38, 80, 0.0], [80, 681, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 38, 7.0], [38, 80, 7.0], [80, 681, 86.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 38, 0.31428571], [38, 80, 0.0], [80, 681, 0.00699301]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 38, 0.0], [38, 80, 0.0], [80, 681, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 38, 0.10526316], [38, 80, 0.23809524], [80, 681, 0.03993344]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 681, 0.01772255]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 681, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 681, 0.28676367]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 681, -21.57631142]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 681, 0.8097293]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 681, 24.96011643]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 681, 5.0]], "is_duplicate": false}
Encyclopedia > Social Sciences and the Law > Economics, Business, and Labor > Money, Banking, and Investment savings and loan association savings and loan association (S&L), type of financial institution that was originally created to accept savings from private investors and to provide home mortgage services for the public. The first U.S. S&L was founded in 1831. In 1932, the Federal Home Loan Bank System was created to oversee the S&Ls, with deposits to be insured by the Federal Savings and Loan Insurance Corporation (FSLIC). In 1933 the federal government began chartering S&Ls, although they generally were not required to be federally chartered. After World War II, the associations began a period of rapid expansion. Historically, S&Ls could be organized in two ways: either as a mutual or a capital stock institution. A mutual organization would be similar in operation to a mutual savings bank. S&Ls went through many changes in the late 20th cent., primarily due to deregulatory measures instituted in the 1980s by the U.S. federal government, allowing them to offer a much wider range of services than ever before. The deregulatory measures allowed S&Ls to enter the business of commercial lending, trust services, and nonmortgage consumer lending. The Depository Institutions Deregulation and Monetary Control Act of 1980 began these sweeping changes, one of which was to raise deposit insurance from $40,000 to $100,000. Many contend that this extension of insurance coverage encouraged S&Ls to engage in riskier loans than they might otherwise have sought. Two years later, the Depository Institutions Act gave S&Ls the right to make secured and unsecured loans to a wide range of markets, permitted developers to own S&Ls, and allowed owners of these institutions to lend to themselves. Under the new laws, the Federal Home Loan Bank Board (FHLBB) was given a number of new powers to secure the capital positions of S&Ls. The FHLBB allowed S&Ls to print their own capital, and escape charges of insolvency through such measures as "goodwill," in which customer loyalty and market share were counted as part of a capital base. As a result, an S&L that was technically insolvent could resist government seizure. S&Ls began to engage in large-scale speculation, particularly in real estate. Financial failure of the institutions became rampant, with well over 500 forced to close during the 1980s. In 1989, after the FSLIC itself became insolvent, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation took over the FSLIC's insurance obligations, and the Resolution Trust Corporation was created to buy and sell defaulted S&Ls. The S&L crisis ultimately cost the government some $124 billion. The Office of Thrift Supervision (1989; functions transferred to the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency, 2011) also was created, in an attempt to identify struggling S&Ls before it was too late, but the largest S&Ls were among the institutions at the core of the financial crisis of 2008. See A. Teck, Mutual Savings Banks and Savings and Loan Associations (1968); F. E. Balderston, Thrifts in Crisis: Structural Transformation of the Savings and Loan Industry (1985). The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright © 2012, Columbia University Press. All rights reserved.More on savings and loan association from Infoplease: savings and loan association: meaning and definitions - savings and loan association: Definition and PronunciationSuggestions for spelling of encyclopedia/savings and loan association - The Infoplease spelling checker combines spelling help with our dictionary and thesaurusFederal Savings and Loan Insurance Corporation: meaning and definitions - Federal Savings and Loan Insurance Corporation: Definition and Pronunciationbuilding and loan association - building and loan association: building and loan association: see savings and loan association.thrift: meaning and definitions - thrift: Definition and Pronunciation See more Encyclopedia articles on: Money, Banking, and Investment Explore Math Word Problems , 3rd Grade Math Popular Areas	2014-15/0022/en_head.json.gz/6165	{"url": "http://www.infoplease.com/encyclopedia/business/savings-loan-association.html", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.infoplease.com", "date_download": "2014-04-16T08:20:45Z", "digest": "sha1:EQ7LRSYKJBYVRQF7RW7LRV4E35V3W3NM"}	{"ccnet_length": [[0, 4084, 4084.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 4084, 6202.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 4084, 5.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 4084, 146.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 4084, 0.96]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 4084, 154.4]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 4084, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 4084, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 4084, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 4084, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 4084, 0.30378096]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 4084, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 4084, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 4084, 0.06906907]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 4084, 0.04564565]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 4084, 0.02102102]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 4084, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 4084, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 4084, 0.03153153]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 4084, 0.04624625]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 4084, 0.03753754]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 4084, 0.04693611]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 4084, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 4084, 0.18774446]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 4084, 0.47557003]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 4084, 5.42345277]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 4084, 0.0]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 4084, 5.04229236]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 4084, 614.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 138, 0.0], [138, 3339, 0.0], [3339, 3961, 0.0], [3961, 4027, 0.0], [4027, 4084, 0.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 138, 0.0], [138, 3339, 0.0], [3339, 3961, 0.0], [3961, 4027, 0.0], [4027, 4084, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 138, 18.0], [138, 3339, 505.0], [3339, 3961, 73.0], [3961, 4027, 9.0], [4027, 4084, 9.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 138, 0.0], [138, 3339, 0.02327085], [3339, 3961, 0.0], [3961, 4027, 0.0], [4027, 4084, 0.01818182]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 138, 0.0], [138, 3339, 0.0], [3339, 3961, 0.0], [3961, 4027, 0.0], [4027, 4084, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 138, 0.07246377], [138, 3339, 0.04779756], [3339, 3961, 0.03054662], [3961, 4027, 0.07575758], [4027, 4084, 0.14035088]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 4084, 0.08535087]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 4084, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 4084, 0.59113073]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 4084, -172.37185983]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 4084, 2.65698362]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 4084, 54.77487215]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 4084, 34.0]], "is_duplicate": true}
Encyclopedia > People > Literature and the Arts > Music: History, Composers, and Performers: Biographies Nicolai Andreyevich Rimsky-Korsakov Rimsky-Korsakov, Nicolai Andreyevich (nyĭkəlĪ əndrāˈəvĭch rĭmˈskē-kôrˈsəkôf) [key], 1844–1908, Russian composer; one of the group of nationalist composers called The Five. He prepared himself for a naval career, but after meeting Balakirev in 1861 he turned seriously to composing. In 1871 he became professor of composition at the St. Petersburg Conservatory, retiring from the navy two years later. In 1883 he became assistant to Balakirev, who was director of the Imperial Chapel. He conducted the St. Petersburg Symphony Concerts, 1886–1900. His Synphony No. 1 (1865) and his symphonic poem Sadko (1867) were the first works in these forms by a Russian. In his oeuvre operas, often based on Russian history and legend, are extremely important. Notable among them are The Snow Maiden (1881, rev. 1884), based on the play by Ostrovsky; The Maid of Pskov (1873, rev. 1892; also known as Ivan the Terrible ); Sadko (1895); Le Coq d'Or ( The Golden Cockerel, posthumously performed 1909); and The Legend of the Invisible City of Kitzeh (1904), a Wagneresque quasireligious work that situates heaven and hell on earth. The best known of Rimsky-Korsakov's orchestral works is Scheherezade (1888), which was used by the Diaghilev ballet. It probably best exemplifies his romantic exoticism and mastery of orchestral color. Glazunov, Gretchaninov, and Stravinsky were among his many pupils. He also wrote a treatise on orchestration and an autobiography, My Musical Life (tr., 3d ed. 1942). The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright © 2012, Columbia University Press. All rights reserved.More on Rimsky-Korsakov Nicolai Andreyevich from Infoplease: Rimsky-Korsakov: meaning and definitions - Rimsky-Korsakov: Definition and PronunciationNotable Composers and Conductors - Selected biographies of well-known Composers and ConductorsEncyclopedia: Music: History, Composers, and Performers: Biographies - Encyclopeadia articles concerning Music: History, Composers, and Performers: Biographies. See more Encyclopedia articles on: Music: History, Composers, and Performers: Biographies Explore Grade 5 Math , Math Problem Solver Popular Areas	2014-15/0022/en_head.json.gz/6166	{"url": "http://www.infoplease.com/encyclopedia/people/rimsky-korsakov-nicolai-andreyevich.html", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.infoplease.com", "date_download": "2014-04-16T08:20:29Z", "digest": "sha1:RITKBW7Y5LLHJ4VCZ2P2FSS22ISFNJ57"}	{"ccnet_length": [[0, 2288, 2288.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 2288, 4769.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 2288, 5.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 2288, 154.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 2288, 0.92]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 2288, 255.2]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 2288, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 2288, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 2288, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 2288, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 2288, 0.24597701]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 2288, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 2288, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 2288, 0.09682625]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 2288, 0.09682625]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 2288, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 2288, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 2288, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 2288, 0.0387305]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 2288, 0.04518558]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 2288, 0.05164067]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 2288, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 2288, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 2288, 0.28735632]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 2288, 0.62695925]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 2288, 5.82758621]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 2288, 0.0]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 2288, 4.95085919]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 2288, 319.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 141, 0.0], [141, 1799, 0.0], [1799, 2142, 1.0], [2142, 2232, 0.0], [2232, 2288, 0.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 141, 0.0], [141, 1799, 0.0], [1799, 2142, 0.0], [2142, 2232, 0.0], [2232, 2288, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 141, 15.0], [141, 1799, 251.0], [1799, 2142, 33.0], [2142, 2232, 11.0], [2232, 2288, 9.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 141, 0.0], [141, 1799, 0.04984227], [1799, 2142, 0.0], [2142, 2232, 0.0], [2232, 2288, 0.01851852]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 141, 0.0], [141, 1799, 0.0], [1799, 2142, 0.0], [2142, 2232, 0.0], [2232, 2288, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 141, 0.09219858], [141, 1799, 0.04885404], [1799, 2142, 0.06997085], [2142, 2232, 0.07777778], [2232, 2288, 0.14285714]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 2288, 0.4148246]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 2288, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 2288, 0.83113605]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 2288, -98.25104487]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 2288, -23.73123701]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 2288, 57.85805875]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 2288, 24.0]], "is_duplicate": false}
7/25/201311:33 AMDavid F CarrNewsConnect Directly0 commentsComment NowLogin50%50% Rosetta Stone Moves Deeper Into Education TechRosetta Stone acquires Lexia Learning, which markets online reading instruction and adaptive learning software to schools. 10 Tech Tools To Engage Students(click image for larger view and for slideshow) Rosetta Stone wants to help kids learn to read English, in addition to helping them learn to speak another language. Thursday, Rosetta Stone announced the acquisition of Lexia Learning Systems, which has more than 14,000 schools and 1 million students using its online software to learn to read. In addition to expanding Rosetta Stone's presence in education technology, the acquisition buys access to Lexia's adaptive learning technology. Rosetta Stone will pay $22.5 million in cash and expects to complete the acquisition in early August. Earlier this year, Rosetta Stone purchased Livemocha, a cloud-based language-learning service, for $8.5 million in cash. Rosetta Stone is well known for its multimedia language-learning software for both children and adults, traditionally sold at retail in bright yellow boxes containing DVDs, but also delivered under enterprise contracts and, increasingly, online. [ Are school networks ready? Read Common Core Meets Aging Education Technology. ] The Wall Street Journal characterizes Rosetta Stone as being in a turnaround mode, with shares that once traded in the $30 range now at about $16. The company seemed to stumble following a 2009 initial public offering. CEO Steve Swad took office in February 2012 as part of a new executive team and has focused on bringing products to the cloud, mobile devices and social media, while also promising to broaden the company's focus with a greater variety of products for K-12 schools. With the addition of Lexia, enterprise sales to schools will account for about 30% of the company's business, Swad said in an interview. "The kids market is a strong market, and one that needs our products and embraces technology naturally." The Rosetta Stone brand is strong enough that parents and educators will trust it to deliver adjacent products, he said. With more than $100 million in cash on hand, the company may make additional acquisitions if they will help accelerate its strategy, he said. Meanwhile, Rosetta Stone now has an additional product to offer the more than 20,000 K-12 school systems around the world who are its customers, Swad said. Boston-based Lexia recently introduced Lexia Reading Core5, a program to prepare pre-K to grade 5 students for the Common Core State Standards. Last month, Lexia Reading Core5 was selected for multi-year, multi-million dollar statewide implementation in Kansas, providing tens of thousands of students with access to the program. In addition, Lexia says dozens of schools in districts across the country have already made Lexia Reading Core5 their reading program of choice for the 2013–2014 school year. Even in language learning, one of Rosetta Stone's most popular languages is English, used by people whose native language is something else, Swad said. A natural combination of the Rosetta Stone and Lexia products would be English reading lessons for English-as-a-second-language (ESL) students in the U.S. Another would be students in Korea, Japan and other countries who need to learn reading comprehension in English, as well as learning to speak the language, he said. "We know mothers in Korea spend an awful lot of money making sure their children learn English," he said. Lexia will also advance Rosetta Stone's ability to deliver adaptive learning, which means that the teaching software analyzes student responses to identify strengths and weaknesses and adapts its instruction to deliver better results for each student, Swad said. The language-learning product "does that in a reasonable way," he said, "speeding up when you're doing really well and slowing down when you're not. The Lexia product is further ahead than our product in that regard, using predictive capabilities to determine where the student is heading." One of Lexia's claims is to support "assessment without testing," meaning that students are assessed on an ongoing basis as they work with the software, without the need to stop and take a quiz. "So much time in schools is used for testing where you are ... with this, the data allows the software to predict where you are without testing," he said. Lexia has a patent pending on its approach, he added. Applications like ESL learning could probably benefit from a combined product that would be "the best of Rosetta Stone with the best of Lexia," Swad said. He also sees the potential for direct-to-consumer sales of Lexia, which is currently sold to school systems. Follow David F. Carr at @davidfcarr or Google+, along with @IWKEducation. Cyber-Security Standards for Major Infrastructure	2014-15/0022/en_head.json.gz/6167	{"url": "http://www.informationweek.com/mobile/mobile-devices/rosetta-stone-moves-deeper-into-education-tech/d/d-id/1110916?cid=sbx_iwk_related_mostpopular_k-12_education&itc=sbx_iwk_related_mostpopular_k-12_education", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.informationweek.com", "date_download": "2014-04-16T07:32:27Z", "digest": "sha1:YRSJG5HHB4FQYVH6GWP4S3HB3HIWQ3XS"}	{"ccnet_length": [[0, 4896, 4896.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 4896, 10156.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 4896, 17.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 4896, 211.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 4896, 0.96]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 4896, 272.5]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 4896, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 4896, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 4896, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 4896, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 4896, 0.3641189]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 4896, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 4896, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 4896, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 4896, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 4896, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 4896, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 4896, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 4896, 0.03316583]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 4896, 0.00979899]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 4896, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 4896, 0.01167728]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 4896, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 4896, 0.17728238]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 4896, 0.47774869]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 4896, 5.20942408]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 4896, 0.00106157]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 4896, 5.34723946]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 4896, 764.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 82, 0.0], [82, 251, 1.0], [251, 331, 0.0], [331, 448, 1.0], [448, 994, 1.0], [994, 1240, 1.0], [1240, 1322, 0.0], [1322, 1806, 1.0], [1806, 2311, 1.0], [2311, 2467, 1.0], [2467, 2972, 1.0], [2972, 3551, 1.0], [3551, 4105, 0.0], [4105, 4509, 1.0], [4509, 4773, 1.0], [4773, 4847, 1.0], [4847, 4896, 0.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 82, 0.0], [82, 251, 0.0], [251, 331, 0.0], [331, 448, 0.0], [448, 994, 0.0], [994, 1240, 0.0], [1240, 1322, 0.0], [1322, 1806, 0.0], [1806, 2311, 0.0], [2311, 2467, 0.0], [2467, 2972, 0.0], [2972, 3551, 0.0], [3551, 4105, 0.0], [4105, 4509, 0.0], [4509, 4773, 0.0], [4773, 4847, 0.0], [4847, 4896, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 82, 7.0], [82, 251, 22.0], [251, 331, 13.0], [331, 448, 20.0], [448, 994, 80.0], [994, 1240, 34.0], [1240, 1322, 11.0], [1322, 1806, 83.0], [1806, 2311, 84.0], [2311, 2467, 26.0], [2467, 2972, 76.0], [2972, 3551, 93.0], [3551, 4105, 84.0], [4105, 4509, 72.0], [4509, 4773, 43.0], [4773, 4847, 11.0], [4847, 4896, 5.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 82, 0.21052632], [82, 251, 0.0], [251, 331, 0.02597403], [331, 448, 0.0], [448, 994, 0.02091255], [994, 1240, 0.0], [1240, 1322, 0.0], [1322, 1806, 0.02959831], [1806, 2311, 0.01022495], [2311, 2467, 0.04666667], [2467, 2972, 0.02439024], [2972, 3551, 0.0], [3551, 4105, 0.0], [4105, 4509, 0.0], [4509, 4773, 0.0], [4773, 4847, 0.0], [4847, 4896, 0.0]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 82, 0.0], [82, 251, 0.0], [251, 331, 0.0], [331, 448, 0.0], [448, 994, 0.0], [994, 1240, 0.0], [1240, 1322, 0.0], [1322, 1806, 0.0], [1806, 2311, 0.0], [2311, 2467, 0.0], [2467, 2972, 0.0], [2972, 3551, 0.0], [3551, 4105, 0.0], [4105, 4509, 0.0], [4509, 4773, 0.0], [4773, 4847, 0.0], [4847, 4896, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 82, 0.13414634], [82, 251, 0.06508876], [251, 331, 0.0625], [331, 448, 0.02564103], [448, 994, 0.03113553], [994, 1240, 0.0203252], [1240, 1322, 0.09756098], [1322, 1806, 0.02892562], [1806, 2311, 0.01584158], [2311, 2467, 0.03205128], [2467, 2972, 0.03960396], [2972, 3551, 0.03972366], [3551, 4105, 0.01263538], [4105, 4509, 0.00990099], [4509, 4773, 0.03787879], [4773, 4847, 0.12162162], [4847, 4896, 0.10204082]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 4896, 0.8434732]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 4896, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 4896, 0.76344967]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 4896, -208.93632665]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 4896, 71.01253072]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 4896, -81.50394481]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 4896, 39.0]], "is_duplicate": false}
Mainstage Details: by Andrew Lloyd Webber and Tim Rice Perhaps the greatest collaboration of composer Andrew Lloyd Webber and lyricist Tim Rice, Evita tells the story of Eva Peron, perhaps the most notorious public figure in Argentina’s history. The illegitimate child of a rural landowner and a seamstress, Eva began her career as a performer and then rose to prominence as the wife of the dictator Juan Peron. Beloved by the people and despised by the aristocracy, Eva’s exploits come to life through a compelling score that fuses haunting chorales with exuberant Latin, pop and jazz influences. $40 Show dates: June 5 - June 30 Discounts: Discounts available for seniors, AAA members, military personnel, students and groups	2014-15/0022/en_head.json.gz/6168	{"url": "http://www.innonchurch.com/module/events.htm?pageComponentId=266505&year=2013&month=Jun&day=20&eventId=487994", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.innonchurch.com", "date_download": "2014-04-16T07:13:49Z", "digest": "sha1:NPRUPQ7IEBQYOLPAUX3SOJRVGX2EHKIG"}	{"ccnet_length": [[0, 727, 727.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 727, 1235.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 727, 5.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 727, 36.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 727, 0.94]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 727, 247.4]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 727, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 727, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 727, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 727, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 727, 0.30882353]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 727, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 727, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 727, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 727, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 727, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 727, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 727, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 727, 0.03697479]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 727, 0.05714286]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 727, 0.06722689]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 727, 0.00735294]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 727, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 727, 0.15441176]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 727, 0.71551724]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 727, 5.12931034]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 727, 0.0]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 727, 4.22532616]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 727, 116.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 55, 0.0], [55, 598, 1.0], [598, 614, 0.0], [614, 642, 0.0], [642, 727, 0.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 55, 0.0], [55, 598, 0.0], [598, 614, 0.0], [614, 642, 0.0], [642, 727, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 55, 9.0], [55, 598, 88.0], [598, 614, 3.0], [614, 642, 5.0], [642, 727, 11.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 55, 0.0], [55, 598, 0.0], [598, 614, 0.15384615], [614, 642, 0.125], [642, 727, 0.0]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 55, 0.0], [55, 598, 0.0], [598, 614, 0.0], [614, 642, 0.0], [642, 727, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 55, 0.12727273], [55, 598, 0.03130755], [598, 614, 0.0625], [614, 642, 0.10714286], [642, 727, 0.04705882]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 727, 0.08369392]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 727, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 727, 0.46390563]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 727, -28.35034471]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 727, -0.22413539]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 727, 4.02545643]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 727, 4.0]], "is_duplicate": false}
Mass Torts The changing class action litigation landscape A recent pro-arbitration trend among courts could help businesses avoid large class actions By Adele NicholasAugust 5, 2013 A large class action lawsuit is most corporations’ worst nightmare. Even in a case where the damages sought by each member of the class are miniscule and the merits are questionable, the stakes are high. The cost to defend a class action suit can be astronomical, and many statutes allow the lawyers for prevailing class plaintiffs to recover their attorneys’ fees from the defendant. However, the landscape for class action litigation is rapidly evolving in some surprising ways. Many of the recent changes are favorable to defendants, simultaneously limiting the size of potential classes and allowing companies to contractually reduce their exposure to class litigation. Several forces are driving this evolution, but the most powerful one by far is the Supreme Court, which has been steering a steady course towards limiting the rights of class action litigants. Savvy companies can take advantage of the recent changes to greatly reduce their risk for potential class actions. Arbitration Nation Corporate defendants have long perceived arbitration as a superior method for resolving their disputes with employees and customers. Compared to litigation in court, arbitration is seen as more efficient, less costly and more likely to yield a predictable and fair result. With a series of decisions throughout the past several years, the Supreme Court has announced a strong policy in favor of permitting companies to enter into arbitration agreements that limit plaintiffs’ ability to file class proceedings. The trend began with the 2010 decision in Stolt-Nielsen S.A. v. AnimalFeeds International Corp. In that case, the court found that an arbitration panel could not force the parties to arbitrate as a class where their arbitration clause was silent on the issue of whether class arbitration was permitted. The 2011 decision in AT&T Mobility v. Concepcion took this concept a step further. There, the Supreme Court struck down a California law that guaranteed plaintiffs the right to litigate claims on a class action basis and barred companies from forcing their customers to submit their claims to arbitration. The court ruled that the Federal Arbitration Act preempted the California law. The Supreme Court’s June decision in American Express Co. v. Italian Colors Restaurant is perhaps the court’s strongest statement yet in favor of agreements that bar class arbitration. The court ruled that small businesses challenging part of the American Express merchant contract under antitrust law did not have the right to arbitrate their claims on a classwide basis despite the fact that the cost of arbitrating an individual claim would likely exceed the individual plaintiff’s potential recovery if they won their claims. The upshot of these decisions is that companies can feel very confident that arbitration agreements that bar plaintiffs from arbitrating as a class will be enforceable. “The lower courts are going to have a harder time invalidating arbitration agreements,” says Tony Lathrop, a member of Moore & Van Allen. “The theme throughout these cases is the Supreme Court’s desire to emphasize the Federal Arbitration Act. Arbitration agreements, where clearly spelled out, should be upheld.” Clearly spelling out the terms of the agreement may prove to be the key to effectively managing liability through arbitration. The June Supreme Court decision in Oxford Health Plans v. Sutter demonstrates the perils of an imprecise agreement. There, a doctor brought a proposed class action against Oxford. The agreement stated all disputes would be arbitrated, but was silent on the issue of whether class arbitration was permitted. The arbitrator determined that it should be read to allow class arbitration. On appeal, the Supreme Court upheld that interpretation, finding that the arbitrator’s interpretation of the contract was entitled to deference as long as the arbitrator was arguably construing the language of contract—even if the reviewing judge thinks the arbitrator’s interpretation is clearly wrong. That leaves Oxford in a difficult position—class arbitration often does not provide sufficient procedural safeguards that the result will be immune from a later court challenge by members of the class, but an unhappy defendant has little opportunity to appeal the arbitrator’s decision. “Class arbitration is a scary proposition because it’s a one-way street,” says Mike Pennington, a partner at Bradley Arant Boult Cummings. “If the class wins, the defendant is stuck. If the defendant wins, it has no binding effect on the class.” Moreover, despite the Supreme Court’s policy in favor of arbitration, lower courts are still wary of enforcing arbitration agreements that go too far in limiting plaintiffs’ rights. The key is not being too aggressive. There are several mistakes that companies make that result in an arbitration agreement being rejected. “Arbitration clauses could still be found unenforceable where they would restrict a plaintiff’s statutory rights,” says Jennifer Patterson, a partner at Kaye Scholer. “For instance, a clause that says each party to an antitrust dispute bears its own costs of arbitration and prevents an award of attorneys’ fees could be contrary to the Sherman Act and could be invalidated.” Likewise, even in light of the decision in Italian Colors Restaurant, arbitration agreements that set too high a cost threshold for getting to the arbitration forum may be found unenforceable. “While cost alone isn’t a valid ground to overcome a class arbitration waiver, many corporations that want to avoid class actions are adopting the cost-sharing model from Concepcion,” Lathrop says. “There the defendant made it less difficult for plaintiffs to bring individual claims by providing some cost assistance. If a plaintiff won his case and obtained more than AT&T had offered in settlement, the company agreed to pay $7,500 and double attorneys’ fees. The court cited that in upholding the agreement.” Duke-ing It Out In Wal-Mart v. Dukes, lawyers representing female employees of Wal-Mart famously sought to certify the largest-ever class action—a proposed class of approximately 1.5 million people who claimed that systemic discrimination against women limited their pay and promotion opportunities at the discount retailer. After more than a decade of litigation, the Supreme Court determined in 2011 that the Dukes class could not be certified because there would be no way to establish on a classwide basis whether each member of the class was a victim of discrimination or whether there were legitimate reasons for her particular employment situation. The Supreme Court raised the bar for class certification, mandating that in considering certification petitions, courts must look beyond whether plaintiffs are able to pose questions of fact and law common to the class members. Rather, the court held, courts must examine whether there is evidence applicable to all members of the class that could be presented at a single trial to prove liability on a classwide basis. The impact of that decision was amplified by the March decision in Comcast v. Behrend, in which the Supreme Court held that the mandates of Dukes also apply to damages. Therefore, plaintiffs seeking class certification need to show that damages can be proved by a formula applicable to all members of the class without individualized inquiries into the class members’ particular losses. “The court explained that the key to the analysis of whether certification is appropriate is not just whether there are common questions relevant to the whole class, but whether there are common answers to those questions,” Pennington says. “Plaintiffs have to show that each element of the claim, including damages, can be established on a classwide basis.” Already Dukes and Comcast are transforming the process of certifying class actions. For example, in the 7th Circuit case Espenscheid v. DirectSat USA, Judge Richard Posner applied the reasoning of Dukes to a Fair Labor Standards Act collective action and determined that a class of 2,300 workers who claimed that they were not paid appropriately for overtime hours could not be certified because determining each class member’s damages would require a separate evidentiary hearing regarding the hours each person had worked. “Class actions are no longer the favored method of resolving disputes,” says Weil, Gotshal & Manges Partner Jeffrey Klein. “With Dukes, the presumption is now against certification and courts are applying greater rigor to these petitions.” Although plaintiffs now face an uphill battle to get large classes certified, there has not been a corresponding decline in putative class action suits. Rather, plaintiffs are trying out new strategies. One is filing multiple smaller and more focused class actions. Another is seeking certification under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 23(c)(4), which allows courts to certify cases as class actions with respect to particular issues, rather than making the entire case a class action. Finally, in the wake of Dukes and Comcast, both plaintiffs and defendants are seeing benefits in resolving their disputes in state court, where the rules are less restrictive. For plaintiffs, the advantage is a greater likelihood of certification; for defendants the advantage is a greater ability to purchase a broader peace. While the Class Action Fairness Act might limit the parties’ ability to agree to a no-opt-out settlement of class claims, the same rules don’t always apply in state court. “One byproduct of all of these decisions is that there are additional incentives and pressures to stay in state court,” Pennington says. “At the settlement stage, you see a fair number of defendants agreeing that state court is a superior place to settle a class action.” Settlement Strategy Both plaintiffs and defendants have an interest in being able to reach binding settlements of class action suits. For defendants, settlement can ensure broad protection from future suits by members of the class on whose behalf the case is being settled. For plaintiffs, settlement ensures compensation to the class members without the uncertainty of litigating their claims before a jury. But unlike in typical lawsuits, class actions cannot be settled without the approval of the presiding judge, who is charged with determining whether the proposed settlement is “fair, adequate and reasonable.” And that judicial evaluation is nowhere near a rubber stamp. Along with mounting negative press for class actions that yield enormous fees for counsel and little relief for class members, courts are becoming increasingly critical of petitions for approval of class action settlements. “Class action settlements are a unique animal,” says retired Los Angeles County Superior Court Judge Peter Lichtman. “Both sides are advocating for approval, so the judge has to spot the weaknesses in the agreement himself. The judge almost becomes a fiduciary to the class.” Lichtman now serves as a mediator with JAMS. Several issues are sure to set off alarm bells for judges, and unless handled wisely can sink a settlement agreement. In particular, courts are becoming increasingly critical of settlement funds that revert to the defendant if unclaimed. For instance, a company may agree to put $1 million dollars into a settlement fund to satisfy class members’ claims, but if plaintiffs only submit $50,000 worth of claims, the rest of the money returns to the company. Courts are more likely to approve settlements where the unclaimed funds go to a pre-determined charity that will promote the interests of class members (known as cy-près agreements). Another hot issue is settlements where the fees being awarded to class counsel are disproportionate to the recovery for the class members. If class counsel is being awarded a million dollars in fees while members of the class are getting coupons worth a few dollars, courts are asking whether the settlement is fair. “Many courts are saying, ‘we don’t like soft recoveries, we don’t like the fees, and we don’t like the publicity,’” Lichtman says. “The scrutiny isn’t necessarily justified if the suit is yielding a real change in the defendant’s behavior, but the judge needs to be informed about the actual value of the settlement to the class members.” This is why class action settlements require defense counsel to be intimately involved in drafting highly detailed settlement agreements that clearly outline why the settlement is fair. “The settlement agreement needs to include the information the judge will want to know, including an explanation of the underlying facts, the fees being sought by class counsel and the value the settlement provides to the class,” says Jennifer Romano, a partner at Crowell & Moring. “It’s unlikely a court will approve an agreement without scrutinizing the underlying facts and the fees.” Page 1 of 3 Litigation 3345 Labor and Employment 1097 Mass Torts 806 California 486 AT&T 87 class actions 80 Wal-Mart 75 arbitration 61 Join the Conversation	2014-15/0022/en_head.json.gz/6169	{"url": "http://www.insidecounsel.com/2013/08/05/the-changing-class-action-litigation-landscape?t=regulatory", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.insidecounsel.com", "date_download": "2014-04-16T07:30:21Z", "digest": "sha1:OAR3PMLCU7XIZXONFZWW7UEG43J5SL7X"}	{"ccnet_length": [[0, 13243, 13243.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 13243, 16959.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 13243, 38.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 13243, 146.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 13243, 0.95]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 13243, 307.7]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 13243, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 13243, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 13243, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 13243, 0.0]], 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Home » National » Radar » 1Km Radar Learn about 1Km Radar The 1Km Radar map allows you to view 1 kilometer (km) resolution radar imagery for many sectors. A weather radar is used to locate precipitation, calculate its motion, estimate its type (rain, snow, hail, etc.), and forecast its future position and intensity. Modern weather radars are mostly doppler radars, capable of detecting the motion of rain droplets in addition to intensity of the precipitation. Both types of data can be analyzed to determine the structure of storms and their potential to cause severe weather. Precipitation type is indicated by the color - green is rain, pink is a mix of rain, freezing rain, sleet, and/or snow, and blue is snow.	2014-15/0022/en_head.json.gz/6170	{"url": "http://www.intellicast.com/National/Radar/OneKm.aspx?location=USNJ0006", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.intellicast.com", "date_download": "2014-04-16T07:44:27Z", "digest": "sha1:WT4ELVT2HCO5COJY32EGJKF4ZGOFE5GB"}	{"ccnet_length": [[0, 717, 717.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 717, 8142.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 717, 3.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 717, 285.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 717, 0.92]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 717, 320.1]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 717, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 717, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 717, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 717, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 717, 0.31944444]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 717, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 717, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 717, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 717, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 717, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 717, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 717, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 717, 0.04195804]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 717, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 717, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 717, 0.00694444]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 717, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 717, 0.18055556]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 717, 0.61983471]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 717, 4.72727273]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 717, 0.0]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 717, 4.08552987]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 717, 121.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 36, 0.0], [36, 58, 0.0], [58, 717, 1.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 36, 0.0], [36, 58, 0.0], [58, 717, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 36, 8.0], [36, 58, 4.0], [58, 717, 109.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 36, 0.02857143], [36, 58, 0.04761905], [58, 717, 0.00315457]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 36, 0.0], [36, 58, 0.0], [58, 717, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 36, 0.13888889], [36, 58, 0.13636364], [58, 717, 0.01062215]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 717, -9.89e-06]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 717, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 717, 0.01088202]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 717, -33.71703162]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 717, -16.69142502]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 717, -8.14615302]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 717, 6.0]], "is_duplicate": false}
Home > Teach Africa Launches SoCal K-12 Program at UCLA Senegalese musicians performed during a reception at the June 27 event. (Photo by Margaretta Soehendro)Teach Africa Launches SoCal K-12 Program at UCLATeach Africa advocates more and better teaching about the continent in the schools. The launch event brought distinguished guests to UCLA along with high-schoolers and teachers back from a Ugandan trip.By Margaretta Soehendro Staff WriterIn a finished school assignment, Kenya had been reduced to a country of safari animals.OVER 200 PEOPLE gathered at UCLA on June 27, 2008, to celebrate the Southern California launch of Teach Africa, a program that strives to improve instruction on Africa in K–12 classrooms. The Africa Society of the National Summit on Africa has introduced the program in U.S. cities including San Francisco, Washington, D.C., Houston, Pittsburgh, and Portland, Ore. In Southern California it is partnering with the James S. Coleman African Studies Center at UCLA, The Discovery Channel Global Education Partnership, and the United States Agency for International Development (USAID), which has provided funding. Guest speakers at the event shared stories about how the African continent became important to them and why the Teach Africa program was valuable. Dean Claudia Mitchell-Kernan of the UCLA Graduate Division opened the evening program. She was followed by Andrew Apter, Director of the UCLA African Studies Center; Bernadette B. Paolo of The Africa Society; actor Michael Nouri; Assemblyman Mervyn M. Dymally of California's 52nd district; Noelle LuSane, a staffer on the U.S. House Foreign Affairs Subcommittee on Africa and Global Health; Gail Ifshin of the Discovery Channel Global Education Partnership; Sarah Moten of USAID Africa Bureau; Ngugi wa Thiong'o, a Kenyan novelist and professor at UC-Irvine; and His Excellency Amadou Ba, the Sengalese ambassador to the United States. Ngugi, the Kenyan writer, said Teach Africa "could not be more timely or needed for Africa, America, the world." "The images of Africa that continue to dominate can stand in the way of understanding the continent," said Ngugi. "Distortions of Africa begin with books and in the classroom." He shared an anecdote about an American student who interviewed him for an elementary school project on Kenya, his birth country. He told the student about the contrasts of Kenya—modern high-rises and shanties, contemporary and traditional dress, cities and safaris—but when he saw the final A-graded paper, Kenya had been reduced to a country of safari animals. Ngugi called for a curriculum showing a complex Africa that is not merely an "esoteric experience" and that is also greater than its place in world politics. African Studies Center Director Andrew Apter (center) poses with Asya Aleem and Justin Ogunji, high school seniors who went to Uganda as part of Teach Africa's local roll-out. Paolo, the president and CEO of The Africa Society, said Teach Africa aims to "shatter stereotypical images perpetuated in part by the media." She said most Americans do not know there are 54 countries on the continent and that they associate the word with poverty, AIDS, and war. The Teach Africa program addresses the lack of Africa education in American curricula by providing both young people and their educators with a better understanding of Africa and its role in the global community. According to event organizers, the program also seeks to make American students more aware of the cultures, mores, and histories of African peoples, a set of concerns that gets scant attention. The Teach Africa initiative rolls out in three phases, each involving events organized by the African Studies Center. The first phase introduces the program to superintendents, principals, and other educators, along with interested people in Southern California. The second phase provides training workshops for K–12 teachers on Africa-related instruction and materials. The third phase targets students through large youth forums meant to stimulate interest about Africa. Before the launch, three educators and three students were selected for the Teach Africa Exchange program in Uganda. While in Uganda they met with their counterparts and talked about issues ranging from education to health care to sports and politics over a four-day period. Their dialogue was filmed by the Discovery Channel and will be developed into a one-hour documentary and a shorter web video. Four of the six exchange participants attended the event at UCLA. Asya Aleem, who will be a senior in the fall at Riverside Polytechnic High School, said she was able to observe first-hand cultural differences that she had read about before leaving. She said the trip has made her want to see other parts of Africa in the future. Justin Ogunji, who will be a senior in the fall at Flintridge Prep School, said the trip allowed him to see development and progress in Africa. He said he will study business in college and think more about ways to contribute to Africa's growth. "The youth represent the future and this is when they form their thinking, seeing the world…," Ambassador Ba said. "We need globalization with a human face."African Studies CenterPublished: Friday, July 11, 2008 Related articlesNgugi wa Thiong'o Shares His ArtOn a book tour for his English translation of 'Wizard of the Crow,' the Kenyan novelist and playwright teaches a UCLA audience about dictators, globalization, and 'the unity behind creation.'African Stories in Online Curriculum Give Meaning to 'Globalization'16 short tales, and warring commentaries on them, form the core of GlobaLink-Africa, a free, year-long, multimedia curriculum designed for grades 9-12. The polished, feature-rich web site is not only for high schoolers. Others can raid it for music, country data, or a crash course on Africa and the contemporary world.	2014-15/0022/en_head.json.gz/6171	{"url": "http://www.international.ucla.edu/asia/article.asp?parentid=94644", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.international.ucla.edu", "date_download": "2014-04-16T08:05:25Z", "digest": "sha1:JCI2ZAZZHTTFZXQGKCK7IL2QEHLN4P75"}	{"ccnet_length": [[0, 5890, 5890.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 5890, 6679.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 5890, 13.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 5890, 41.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 5890, 0.96]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 5890, 295.1]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 5890, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 5890, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 5890, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 5890, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 5890, 0.34080717]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 5890, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 5890, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 5890, 0.0582969]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 5890, 0.0582969]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 5890, 0.02665001]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 5890, 0.02665001]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 5890, 0.02665001]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 5890, 0.00936914]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 5890, 0.01665626]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 5890, 0.00916094]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 5890, 0.02600897]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 5890, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 5890, 0.15426009]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 5890, 0.48104009]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 5890, 5.20368364]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 5890, 0.00089686]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 5890, 5.4368769]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 5890, 923.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 1143, 1.0], [1143, 1927, 1.0], [1927, 2040, 0.0], [2040, 2217, 0.0], [2217, 2738, 1.0], [2738, 2914, 1.0], [2914, 3195, 1.0], [3195, 3602, 1.0], [3602, 4075, 1.0], [4075, 4806, 1.0], [4806, 5052, 1.0], [5052, 5264, 0.0], [5264, 5890, 1.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 1143, 0.0], [1143, 1927, 0.0], [1927, 2040, 0.0], [2040, 2217, 0.0], [2217, 2738, 0.0], [2738, 2914, 0.0], [2914, 3195, 0.0], [3195, 3602, 0.0], [3602, 4075, 0.0], [4075, 4806, 0.0], [4806, 5052, 0.0], [5052, 5264, 0.0], [5264, 5890, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 1143, 170.0], [1143, 1927, 120.0], [1927, 2040, 19.0], [2040, 2217, 29.0], [2217, 2738, 84.0], [2738, 2914, 28.0], [2914, 3195, 48.0], [3195, 3602, 65.0], [3602, 4075, 66.0], [4075, 4806, 124.0], [4806, 5052, 44.0], [5052, 5264, 32.0], [5264, 5890, 94.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 1143, 0.01534296], [1143, 1927, 0.00263158], [1927, 2040, 0.0], [2040, 2217, 0.0], [2217, 2738, 0.0], [2738, 2914, 0.0], [2914, 3195, 0.00735294], [3195, 3602, 0.0], [3602, 4075, 0.00431965], [4075, 4806, 0.0], [4806, 5052, 0.0], [5052, 5264, 0.03], [5264, 5890, 0.00833333]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 1143, 0.0], [1143, 1927, 0.0], [1927, 2040, 0.0], [2040, 2217, 0.0], [2217, 2738, 0.0], [2738, 2914, 0.0], [2914, 3195, 0.0], [3195, 3602, 0.0], [3602, 4075, 0.0], [4075, 4806, 0.0], [4806, 5052, 0.0], [5052, 5264, 0.0], [5264, 5890, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 1143, 0.09623797], [1143, 1927, 0.10076531], [1927, 2040, 0.05309735], [2040, 2217, 0.02824859], [2217, 2738, 0.01727447], [2738, 2914, 0.07386364], [2914, 3195, 0.05338078], [3195, 3602, 0.02211302], [3602, 4075, 0.02959831], [4075, 4806, 0.03146375], [4806, 5052, 0.03252033], [5052, 5264, 0.04716981], [5264, 5890, 0.04472843]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 5890, 0.15411758]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 5890, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 5890, 0.78191423]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 5890, -107.09558158]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 5890, 81.96523677]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 5890, 104.66197704]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 5890, 48.0]], "is_duplicate": true}
This is where you will find the latest news and multimedia from INT	2014-15/0022/en_head.json.gz/6172	{"url": "http://www.interpol.int/%D1%8D%D0%AA%EF%BF%BD%EF%BF%BD%EF%BF%BD%EF%BF%BD%D0%B8%EF%BF%BD%EF%BF%BDen/About-INTERPOL/International-partners/United-Nations", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.interpol.int", "date_download": "2014-04-16T08:19:14Z", "digest": "sha1:YHKPPFBA37QXRBXEMR2XFVYZFWZZ32CW"}	{"ccnet_length": [[0, 67, 67.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 67, 772.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 67, 1.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 67, 21.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 67, 0.92]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 67, 235.9]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 67, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 67, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 67, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 67, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 67, 0.53846154]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 67, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 67, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 67, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 67, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 67, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 67, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 67, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 67, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 67, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 67, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 67, 0.07692308]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 67, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 67, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 67, 1.0]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 67, 4.23076923]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 67, 0.0]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 67, 2.56494936]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 67, 13.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 67, 0.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 67, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 67, 13.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 67, 0.0]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 67, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 67, 0.05970149]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 67, 0.00892299]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 67, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 67, -1.001e-05]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 67, -1.89206774]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 67, 0.78880609]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 67, -6.61249367]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 67, 1.0]], "is_duplicate": true}
How The Celebrity Apprentice All-Stars Fixed Donald Trump's Hair! La Toya Jackson, Bret Michaels and Lisa Rinna are just a few of the stars who will be making a boardroom comeback for the first-ever Celebrity Apprentice All-Star season. Splash News Finally, a solution to Donald’s hair problem!The first-ever cast of Celebrity Apprentice All-Stars has officially been announced, and even before beginning the show, the contestants have tackled their first task—fixing Donald Trump’s infamous coiffure. The boardroom boss will be rehiring fourteen hard workers from the last dozen seasons of his hit show, but he admits that the continued exposure from his hiring and firing sessions is causing a bit of a problem in his personal life."I was very well-known before the show, but frankly, I used to be able to walk outside. I can't even walk outside now!” the head honcho says of his NBC smash. “Overall I think the show's great, but there are times when you'd like to have a little bit of privacy."His solution? "I could put on a real wig," he jokes. "A lot of people say, `He wears a wig.' I don't. But maybe I should wear one: a big black sucker!"With Donald's comb-over being a topic of public scrutiny for quite some time now, who’s to thank for his new hair revelation?Here's the lucky lineup of the returning celebs: - Singer La Toya Jackson- Rapper Lil’ Jon- Actress and Author Lisa Rinna- Poison Frontman Bret Michaels- Reality Star Omarosa Manigault- NBA All-Star Dennis Rodman- TV Personality Claudia Jordan- Country Music Star Trace Adkins- Playboy Playmate of the Year Brande Roderick- Magician and Illusionist Penn Jillette- Twisted Sister Singer Dee Snider- Actress and Author Marilu Henner- Actor Stephen Baldwin- Actor Gary Busey "They're all very smart, and I think they learned a lot from their last go-around," Trump says of his returning hires. "This time, some of them will change their game to fool their rivals – some for better, some for worse."The show will premiere in March of 2013 and the winner of the competition will collect $250,000 to donate to his or her chosen charity. Keep up with your fave celebs	2014-15/0022/en_head.json.gz/6173	{"url": "http://www.intouchweekly.com/posts/how-the-celebrity-apprentice-all-stars-fixed-donald-trump-s-hair-24883", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.intouchweekly.com", "date_download": "2014-04-16T07:22:08Z", "digest": "sha1:AGZGNOB3G7VRESP4N3GYL5YUQLW72IKY"}	{"ccnet_length": [[0, 2133, 2133.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 2133, 2526.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 2133, 2.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 2133, 25.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 2133, 0.96]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 2133, 298.9]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 2133, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 2133, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 2133, 2.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 2133, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 2133, 0.36637931]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 2133, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 2133, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 2133, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 2133, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 2133, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 2133, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 2133, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 2133, 0.01179245]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 2133, 0.03183962]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 2133, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 2133, 0.02586207]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 2133, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 2133, 0.17887931]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 2133, 0.6302521]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 2133, 4.75070028]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 2133, 0.0]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 2133, 5.09843236]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 2133, 357.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 66, 1.0], [66, 2133, 0.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 66, 0.0], [66, 2133, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 66, 9.0], [66, 2133, 348.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 66, 0.0], [66, 2133, 0.00502765]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 66, 0.0], [66, 2133, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 66, 0.15151515], [66, 2133, 0.05224964]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 2133, 0.5502159]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 2133, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 2133, 0.75376672]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 2133, -53.49296794]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 2133, 40.18168589]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 2133, -100.6890212]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 2133, 19.0]], "is_duplicate": false}
Company: Contemporary Works / Vintage Works, Ltd.258 Inverness CircleChalfont, Pennsylvania 18914 USAURL: http://www.vintageworks.netContact: Alex Novak and Marthe SmithEmail: info@vintageworks.netPhone: +1-215-822-5662 Ref.#: 8751Price: $650Medium: Silver printMount: unmountedPhoto Date: 1960sPrint Date: 1960sDimensions: 10-5/8 x 10-5/8 in. (270 x 270 mm)Photo Country: NetherlandsPhotographer Country: United States (USA) DESCRIPTION:Photographer's stamp and label with title and photographer's name on verso. Light creasing at periphery of image. Fritz Henle was born on June 9, 1909 in Dortmund, Germany. About 1928 he took up photography. Henle immigrated to New York City and the United States in 1936 and became a naturalized citizen in 1942. He was a founding member and trustee of the American Society of Magazine Photographers (ASMP). He worked as a photographer for Life magazine from 1937 to 1942. Henle was also a member of the New York Photo League and worked for the Farm Security Administration as a photographer. Later in life he lived in Christiansted, Virgin Islands, but traveled extensively, including the U.S., Europe, Israel, India, Mexico, Japan and other locales. He died on January 31, 1993 in Christiansted, Virgin Islands. Information on Henle and images of his work has appeared in the June 1969 issue of Camera magazine, in the 1982 and 1995 editions of "Contemporary Photographers", in Honnef & Sachsse's book, "German Photography 1870-1970: Power of a Medium", in the International Center of Photography Encyclopedia of Photography, and in the Macmillan Biographical Encyclopedia of Photographic Artists & Innovators. He is listed in the Auer & Auer and George Eastman House databases. His work is in many museums and institutions, including the Harry Ransom Humanities Research Center, the Center for Creative Photography, the International Center of Photography, the George Eastman House, the New York Museum of Modern Art, the New York Metropolitan Museum, the Detroit Institute of Arts, the University of New Mexico Art Museum, the Brooklyn Museum of Art, the Philadelphia Museum of Art, the Houston Museum of Fine Arts, the Museum Ludwig, the Museum fur Kunst und Gewerbe and the Canadian Centre for Architecture.Shipping and insurance costs will be added to the price and must be paid for by the buyer. Pennsylvania buyers must pay appropriate local sales tax. International clients are responsible for their VAT and other custom's oriented charges. Return to Top Return to Fritz Henle: Observer and Photographer of People and Places home . photographers . Search Photos . Photo exhibits . Member galleries . SubscribePhotography Collecting issues & resources . Photography News & archives . Photography Calendar of eventsOther photo links . Contact us . FAQ	2014-15/0022/en_head.json.gz/6174	{"url": "http://www.iphotocentral.com/showcase/detail.php/24/0/99/1/1/0/12608", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.iphotocentral.com", "date_download": "2014-04-16T07:13:54Z", "digest": "sha1:FXS6ZCZIAXOFPNJDKF6W6ORIZLGJUYI2"}	{"ccnet_length": [[0, 2798, 2798.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 2798, 3333.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 2798, 3.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 2798, 4.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 2798, 0.92]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 2798, 167.3]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 2798, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 2798, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 2798, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 2798, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 2798, 0.25932836]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 2798, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 2798, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 2798, 0.03094607]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 2798, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 2798, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 2798, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 2798, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 2798, 0.01105217]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 2798, 0.0132626]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 2798, 0.02475685]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 2798, 0.01492537]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 2798, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 2798, 0.25559701]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 2798, 0.56049383]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 2798, 5.58518519]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 2798, 0.00186567]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 2798, 4.95894432]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 2798, 405.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 220, 0.0], [220, 2504, 0.0], [2504, 2798, 0.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 220, 0.0], [220, 2504, 0.0], [2504, 2798, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 220, 19.0], [220, 2504, 351.0], [2504, 2798, 35.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 220, 0.0959596], [220, 2504, 0.03644647], [2504, 2798, 0.0]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 220, 0.0], [220, 2504, 0.0], [2504, 2798, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 220, 0.10454545], [220, 2504, 0.07311734], [2504, 2798, 0.07823129]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 2798, 0.02957553]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 2798, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 2798, 0.67338854]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 2798, -199.83750722]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 2798, -51.18750683]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 2798, 59.92626365]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 2798, 34.0]], "is_duplicate": true}
The Development of High Schools The Galland School: An Iowa First Kids at Work Getting to School One-room Schoolteachers Early Teachers Order on the Land: The Rectangular System of Surveys The Mesquakie Settlement School In early Iowa children learned both at home and at nearby schools. Interior of One-room School Boy's Farm Chores Printer's Devil Frontier Education McGuffey’s Readers School Book View all artifacts » Reading Tip: Rereading and ReviewingWhen reviewing articles, ask yourself how it applies to you and your life. In early Iowa, school was conducted for village children in pioneer cabins. Private schools were first in pioneer Iowa City, assisted later by parochial offerings, but eventually succeeded by today's public school system. The first local schools weren't public, but private, and failed. Without tax dollars and without facilities, odds were against success. View all side trails » Before the Formal Education System Educating the young is a vital part of every culture. Whether in schools or at home or in vocational activities, the older generation trains children to survive and to produce the goods and services a society needs. How children are educated reflects the needs of the surroundings in which they live. In early Iowa children learned both at home and at nearby schools. In the early 1800s when pioneers were moving into Iowa and building houses and farms, women and men had very well defined work roles. Women worked in the home and garden while men worked in the barn and in the field. Boys learned how to farm and take care of livestock from their fathers. Girls learned how to manage the home by learning to cook large meals, make clothing, tend the sick and take care of a garden by working with their mothers. The large gardens produced food for the family. Most families relied on large flocks of chickens to supply meat and eggs. While the distribution of tasks normally followed gender lines, boys and girls, men and women often had to learn new tasks in the necessities of frontier living. As the economy developed, more work opportunities became available to boys and men, but not for women. For the most part only single women worked outside the home and when they did, few occupations were available to them. Before the Civil War most school teachers were male. But in the latter part of the 19th century, single women began taking teaching positions in Iowa's many one-room schools. Learning a Trade To learn a craft, trade or profession, a boy often worked with a skilled adult. To become a blacksmith, for example, a boy would work in a blacksmith shop, observing the master smith and performing simple tasks. Most doctors and lawyers learned their trades by studying in the offices of practicing doctors and lawyers. There were few law schools or medical schools anywhere in the nation to provide formal instruction. “Reading law” was the common way to become a lawyer. An older youth would do simple clerical tasks in a law office in exchange for the opportunity to read law books in the lawyer’s library and to watch him in court. When the young man had studied enough, he went before a judge who asked him questions about the law and legal procedure. If he demonstrated his competence, the judge would certify him as a member of the bar and he had the right to practice law in the courts. Even on the Iowa frontier, however, parents wanted their children to learn at least how to read, write and do basic arithmetic. Especially for families from a Protestant religious background, reading the Bible was a vital part of religious training. In addition, American political leaders promoted education as an essential part of democracy. Voters needed to keep themselves informed about public events by reading newspapers, attending lectures and participating in public discussions. Democracy could not survive if voters were ignorant. Laws Supported Schools Therefore, in one of its earliest pieces of legislation, Congress passed a law providing financial support for public education. The Land Ordinance of 1785 required western lands to be surveyed before they could be sold to private buyers. The survey lines created townships six miles on each side. Of the thirty-six sections (each section equals one square mile) in each township, Section 16 was designated to support local schools. The money from the sale of Section 16 would be given to local officials to build a school or pay a teacher, and it was the original intention that the schools would be open to all children in the area. However, most early schools depended upon the financial support of the families of the students attending. Families built and maintained the schools, furnished fuel for a stove or fireplace, built benches or desks and hired the teacher. Berryman Jennings was Iowa’s first known schoolteacher. He taught in a log cabin schoolhouse in Lee County in 1830 in southeast Iowa even before Iowa became a territory. Teachers rarely stayed at one school for more than a year or two. The pay was very low and teaching conditions were difficult. Iowa’s early settlers included many immigrants. Germany supplied the most immigrants in 19th-century Iowa, followed by Ireland. Immigrants often formed their own communities or neighborhoods and continued to speak their native language. In these cases, schools were usually taught in the native language of the students. Attendance Not Required Early schools taught reading, writing, spelling, arithmetic, penmanship and geography. Learning by rote (memorization) was the standard mode of instruction. Schools used whatever textbooks local families possessed and the books were handed down from older to younger students and from one family to another. There were no laws requiring children to attend school. Farm families often kept their boys home to help with planting and harvest times. They attended school in the winter and worked on their studies at their own pace. Most parents desired at least a basic education for their children. As Iowa’s population increased, the state legislature passed laws to provide more support for a broad system of public education. No longer would it be just parents who paid the salaries of teachers and maintained school buildings. In Iowa as well as throughout the United States, there was a commitment to free education for all. 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New documentary "When Ali Came to Ireland" details Ali’s 1972 trip to Dublin Muhammad Ali’s daughter 'amazed' by footage of fight at Croke Park (VIDEO) GAVIN MCCARTHY The daughter of boxing legend Muhammad Ali has expressed her amazement over footage of her father's 1972 bout in Croke Park that came to light in a new award-winning Irish film."When Ali Came to Ireland" is a new Irish documentary that details Muhammad Ali's trip to Dublin for a fight against Al 'Blue' Lewis at Croke Park. Earlier this year, the film was screened at the Chicago film festival, where Jamilah Ali was in attendance.TheJournal.ie reports that following the screening, Jamilah said "I've seen so much footage of my father over the years but the amazing thing about watching this film was that I had seen none of the footage of him in Ireland... I loved the film from the beginning to the end." Jamilah said that she wished to show the documentary to her father, now 71 and fighting Parkinson's disease.The film highlights a moment in Ali's career where he was set to stage a world comeback. He had been recently released from prison after refusing to join the Vietnam War as a conscientious objector.His opponent Al Lewis had also just been released on parole after serving time in Detroit for a murder charge, and he intended to use his boxing career as "a path to a new life."The movie that won an IFTA this year documents the spectacle in Croke Park, Ali's presence in Ireland and how the public reacted to his being there. It also demonstrates how Ali came to be in Dublin for a fight in the first place, highlighting the involvement of "former Kerry strongman" Michael 'Butty' Sugrue, who organized the fight.Sugrue's story also proved to be revelatory to his family- in a quote from Ross Whittaker, co-director of the film, he speaks about how Sugrue's grandchildren had never had the chance to meet him."We were amazed when we screened the film in London to find that Butty Sugrue's granddaughters had never heard their grandfather speak. He had died before they were born and they'd never seen footage of him in which he had spoken."After their 1972 meeting, however, Sugrue and Ali's fortunes took two divergent paths. Ali returned to the ring in America to further glories and fanfare before his retirement, while Sugrue lost a small fortune on the Dublin fight and after dying in London was laid to rest in an unmarked grave in his hometown of Killorglin, Co Kerry.Since the film has been gaining traction with audiences worldwide, a committee in Killorglin has made the decree to fundraise in a n effort to erect a proper memorial to Sugrue, the man who helped orchestrate Ali's return to the ring.Here’s the trailer for the documentary: Submit MostPopular	2014-15/0022/en_head.json.gz/6176	{"url": "http://www.irishcentral.com/news/entertainment/muhammad-alis-daughter-amazed-by-footage-of-fight-at-croke-park-video-219933011-237771571.html?fullsite=Y", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.irishcentral.com", "date_download": "2014-04-16T08:26:50Z", "digest": "sha1:FMHD5JW4TR5N4HWOBG47BXYKMLASNVXH"}	{"ccnet_length": [[0, 2750, 2750.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 2750, 9046.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 2750, 5.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 2750, 414.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 2750, 0.98]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 2750, 218.0]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 2750, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 2750, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 2750, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 2750, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 2750, 0.43386243]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 2750, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 2750, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 2750, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 2750, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 2750, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 2750, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 2750, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 2750, 0.02038043]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 2750, 0.01222826]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 2750, 0.01449275]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 2750, 0.01234568]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 2750, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 2750, 0.12698413]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 2750, 0.50106157]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 2750, 4.68789809]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 2750, 0.00176367]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 2750, 4.9767064]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 2750, 471.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 77, 0.0], [77, 152, 0.0], [152, 167, 0.0], [167, 876, 0.0], [876, 2750, 0.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 77, 0.0], [77, 152, 0.0], [152, 167, 0.0], [167, 876, 0.0], [876, 2750, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 77, 13.0], [77, 152, 12.0], [152, 167, 2.0], [167, 876, 124.0], [876, 2750, 320.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 77, 0.05405405], [77, 152, 0.0], [152, 167, 0.0], [167, 876, 0.00582242], [876, 2750, 0.00328048]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 77, 0.0], [77, 152, 0.0], [152, 167, 0.0], [167, 876, 0.0], [876, 2750, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 77, 0.09090909], [77, 152, 0.12], [152, 167, 0.86666667], [167, 876, 0.04231312], [876, 2750, 0.02934899]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 2750, 0.98715347]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 2750, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 2750, 0.98773164]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 2750, 77.57214272]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 2750, 97.763625]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 2750, 82.81099037]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 2750, 19.0]], "is_duplicate": false}
Robbie Keane is pointing the way towards a "Yes" vote in the Lisbon Treaty. Photo by: PA Wire/PA Photos Irish celebs line up behind "Yes" campaign for Lisbon treaty PADDY CLANCY Ireland soccer captain Robbie Keane and U2’s The Edge are among high-profile celebrity names who will be campaigning for a yes vote in the new Lisbon Treaty referendum set for this October in Ireland.Nobel laureate poet Seamus Heaney and author Deirdre Purcell are also involved in the new campaign group, Ireland for Europe, which insists it will not allow politicians to mess up the yes campaign.> In the first referendum last year Ireland rejected the treaty -- designed to streamline government of the EU -- and that meant it had to be put on hold since ratification requires the approval of all member states of the EU. Concerns about abortion and Ireland’s neutrality were among factors cited for the rejection of the treaty, but thousands also voted no in protest at what was perceived as government smugness that the electorate would accept at face value official assurances that a Yes was in the nation’s best interests.Analysts later agreed that the process of educating the people about the intricacies of the treaty was less than wholehearted. Even Taoiseach (Prime Minister) Brian Cowen admitted at the time that he hadn’t read the full document.That has changed. He says he has now read the extensive and complicated document in its entirety. He vowed this week to personally take charge of the campaign for a yes vote on the treaty despite his government’s record unpopularity.Cowen said he was “entitled” as taoiseach and as Fianna Fail leader to lead the yes campaign -- a clear rejection of Fine Gael leader Enda Kenny’s proposal that he is the best person to head such a campaign in case there is an anti-government backlash from voters.The government, and the Fianna Fail Party in particular, suffered the most humiliating defeat in decades at the recent local government and EU elections.But Cowen has urged people not to make the Lisbon vote -- due in early October -- a referendum on him or his government, saying that his name was “not on the ballot paper.”He declared, “Everyone of us, as citizens, has a responsibility in a referendum to participate and to inform ourselves of the issues, and to make the choices which are in the national interest, broader than partisan party political politics.”Cowen said the referendum will go ahead in October after he secured a deal last week with EU leaders. He got agreement on legal guarantees for the treaty in the strongest possible format when British Prime Minister Gordon Brown dropped his objections.Cowen and Brown reached agreement in Brussels on a protocol to be attached to the treaty that will guarantee it does not affect Ireland’s right to control its own taxes or its policy of neutrality. There is agreement, too, that Ireland’s constitutional position on abortion, education and the family will also not be affected.Cowen refused to put his neck on the line by committing to stepping down if the second referendum is not passed.“This is not a party political issue … it is important that we work together on this,” Cowen said. 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Presidential hopeful Mitt Romney meets with former first lady Nancy Reagan Photo by: NY Mag Mitt Romney compares himself to JFK as Nancy Reagan endorses him for presidency - VIDEO The republican presidential nominee, Mitt Romney, continues to face a slew of questions regarding his vast wealth.With a net worth of over $200 million, the former Massachusetts governor has been ridiculed throughout his campaign for his inability to relate to many Americans who are currently struggling.In an interview broadcast on Thursday, Fox’s Bill Hemmer asked the GOPer and his wife, Ann, about their immense wealth. “Back to the connection [with the voters’] aspect of this. There will be people...who will look at you and just say, ‘successful rich guy,’” Hemmer put to him.In response, Romney likened himself to two of the most iconic presidents in history.“Like FDR and John F. Kennedy,” Romney responded, “There have been plenty of people.”JFK’s father was one of the wealthiest men in America and was the first chairman of the SEC. Almost all of his income came from a trust he shared with other family members.“This is not a nation that divides people based on whether they’ve been successful or not. We don’t say, ‘Oh, boy, this person won the lottery and therefore they can’t understand me.’ We instead look at people and celebrate their success and their achievements, and we look for people who have the skills we think will make our lives better,” Romney added.“What I find is that the statistics understate the kind of pain and insecurity that exists in America’s homes. I see many people who may be employed but are very concerned that they could lose their job at any time.”Ann Romney added that her husband’s work ethic had helped him achieve success. “He’s the hardest working person I’ve ever met, besides his father, George Romney, who was a crazy man,” she said.Meanwhile on Thursday, former first lady Nancy Reagan endorsed Mitt Romney for November’s presidential race.The widow of President Ronald Reagan said that her “Ronnie” would have liked Romney’s business background and his "strong principles."Reagan (90) served lemonade and cookies to Mitt Romney and his wife when they visited her LA home.Later, Nancy Reagan issued a statement which read.“Mitt and Ann Romney joined me at my home this afternoon for some lemonade and cookies and I offered my firm endorsement of his campaign for President. Although I know he will not be the official nominee of the Republican Party until August in Tampa, Florida, I am thrilled that after Tuesday’s primary he is the clear choice, having won the magic number of 1,144 convention delegates.” Watch the latest video at video.insider.foxnews.com Submit MostPopular	2014-15/0022/en_head.json.gz/6178	{"url": "http://www.irishcentral.com/news/mitt-romney-compares-himself-to-jfk-as-nancy-reagan-endorses-him-for-presidency-video-156669205-237507571.html?commentspage=1", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.irishcentral.com", "date_download": "2014-04-16T08:20:15Z", "digest": "sha1:RSGERCXEIODTH7UEZA4CBOBYNXU4WM75"}	{"ccnet_length": [[0, 2717, 2717.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 2717, 9009.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 2717, 7.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 2717, 415.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 2717, 0.98]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 2717, 243.3]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 2717, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 2717, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 2717, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 2717, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 2717, 0.40867993]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 2717, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 2717, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 2717, 0.02352941]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 2717, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 2717, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 2717, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 2717, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 2717, 0.02262443]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 2717, 0.01357466]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 2717, 0.01809955]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 2717, 0.02531646]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 2717, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 2717, 0.15189873]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 2717, 0.6027088]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 2717, 4.98871332]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 2717, 0.00180832]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 2717, 5.23114045]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 2717, 443.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 75, 0.0], [75, 92, 0.0], [92, 180, 0.0], [180, 605, 1.0], [605, 1756, 1.0], [1756, 2647, 1.0], [2647, 2717, 0.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 75, 0.0], [75, 92, 0.0], [92, 180, 0.0], [180, 605, 0.0], [605, 1756, 0.0], [1756, 2647, 0.0], [2647, 2717, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 75, 11.0], [75, 92, 4.0], [92, 180, 14.0], [180, 605, 65.0], [605, 1756, 198.0], [1756, 2647, 143.0], [2647, 2717, 8.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 75, 0.0], [75, 92, 0.0], [92, 180, 0.0], [180, 605, 0.00724638], [605, 1756, 0.0], [1756, 2647, 0.00690449], [2647, 2717, 0.0]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 75, 0.0], [75, 92, 0.0], [92, 180, 0.0], [180, 605, 0.0], [605, 1756, 0.0], [1756, 2647, 0.0], [2647, 2717, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 75, 0.06666667], [75, 92, 0.23529412], [92, 180, 0.13636364], [180, 605, 0.03529412], [605, 1756, 0.02867072], [1756, 2647, 0.04377104], [2647, 2717, 0.05714286]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 2717, 0.85595322]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 2717, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 2717, 0.79288095]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 2717, -71.77947232]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 2717, 101.80673077]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 2717, -121.11109489]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 2717, 28.0]], "is_duplicate": false}
Donegal’s Mark McHugh is chased by Cork’s Colm O’Neill. Photo by: Irish Voice GAA Digest: Fearless Dongeal are back in the All-Ireland finals Mark McHugh is ready to follow in his father’s famous footsteps and bring the Sam Maguire back to Donegal – once he recovers from Sunday’s famous semi-final win over Cork.Donegal will meet Mayo or champions Dublin in the All-Ireland decider after an inspired and deserved 0-16 to 1-11 win over the Rebels last weekend.McHugh was one of the stars of the show as Donegal returned to the All-Ireland final for the first time since his dad Martin and current team boss Jim McGuinness tasted ultimate glory in 1992. And the delighted youngster could barely walk or talk as he spoke to the media in the Donegal dressingroom after the win over Cork.McHugh stated, “I had a job to do today and I was thinking about how I could play best for the team, but it was very tiring.“I went down with cramp in my two calves. I couldn’t even walk, but otherwise I am just delighted. I could not play my normal role today, but it all worked out well for us and we will just have to up it again for Dublin, or whoever it is.“We have come through a tough section. We focused on Kerry and then on Cork and although we gave the Donegal supporters a bit of a scare out there towards the end, we got through.“And we had a bit of luck when they hit the crossbar, but we didn’t get much luck in the draw so we will take that bit of luck alright.”Looking ahead to the final, McHugh added, “We now have a chance to make the people of Donegal feel as good as they did back in 1992 and that is an extra incentive.“Our focus is now totally on the final and we will know our opponents fairly shortly. We now know we are up there with the best and whoever it is, Dublin or Mayo, we are going to out there and give it one hell of a shot.”Donegal boss McGuinness paid tribute to the huge support that followed his team to Croke Park – including world famous singer Daniel O’Donnell.“When we stared out on the journey in the middle of May up in Breffni Park, it was a long way to the All-Ireland final, and to be there now is fantastic really for this group of players,” said McGuinness.“Last year, we tried to put a framework in place that we could help the boys to achieve things in the game and we tried to build that over the winter. I think the supporters understand that and they understand what we’re trying to do.”“The boys have a great relationship with the supporters as well, and the kids and everything else.“It’s a great shot in the arm for Donegal football to be honest with you. We just hope now that the synergy that it creates, there will be a Michael Murphy, or a Colm McFadden, or a Rory Kavanagh in the offing in a few years’ time as a result of it.“A huge challenge regardless who we play, but at the same time we would hope that with all the work we’ve put in and the amount of games we’ve played this year that we can see the thing out now, but I suppose that’s for another day.”Defender Karl Lacey can’t wait to get to the All-Ireland final stage as football fever grips Donegal. Lacey said, “Getting to an All-Ireland final is what dreams are made of and we’re now one step away from repeating what we did in ’92.“We know we have things to work on. Dublin or Mayo are waiting in the wings and whoever comes through will present us with a tough test.“Getting to the final will be a big deal in Donegal. Our supporters have been great all year and they now have another massive day to look forward to.“A couple of the Cork players came up to me afterwards and told me to make the most of being involved in an All-Ireland final, as they don’t come around too often.”As the county comes back down to earth after Sunday’s win, Lacey believes manager McGuinness is just the man to keep the team focused.The center-back added, “This week Jim McGuinness will get us all re-focused again and away from all the hype. We’ll be back in Croker again in four weeks with the intention of giving it everything.“Jim knows what he is doing. Last year we took a lot of criticism for being so defensive, but it was Jim’s first year and that was the template he used to get us back to being competitive again.”Cork PanicCork's season is over after what football team boss Conor Counihan described as a “panic attack” at Croke Park last Sunday.The Munster champions lost the All-Ireland semifinal by just two points to Donegal, but the manner of the win was always more emphatic than the scoreline.Counihan admitted to RTE, “It was tit-for-tat up to halftime. Second half, I think Donegal took a bit of control there, got a few scores. We probably panicked a little and gave a few turnovers and things like that.“But, look, to be fair to Donegal they were a better team on the day. There’s no disputing that.“Things like that happen on particular days. I can’t fault my fellas. They’ve given us everything over a good number of years. This is the other side of it, and we have to take that on the chin.”Cork may now be heading for a transitional period after making too many wrong calls last Sunday. Counihan added, “I felt we were taking the wrong options, and if you get excited you tend to take the wrong options.“To keep the game alive you have to keep your head, and maybe at times we didn’t pick great options.“Look, I think used the ball better when they got it to be fair to them, and I think that was the key issue.” Brogan FitDublin have received a major boost ahead of Sunday’s All-Ireland football semifinal against Mayo with confirmation that star forward Alan Brogan will be fit for the big game.Brogan has been receiving intense treatment on the injury that kept him out of the quarterfinal win over Laois but manager Pat Gilroy expects him to be fit for Sunday.Gilroy said, “He’s done a lot of work so far, a lot of running and he is looking in good shape for the Mayo game.“We thought he would be okay for Laois, but it has taken more time that we expected, it’s only the middle of last week that he started playing internal games.“I would be fairly confident he would play but other lads have been performing well also. So we will see.”Gilroy insists Dublin have worked hard in training to rectify the faults so evident in their lackadaisical win over Laois.He added, “We have done some things different and there has been a lot of work since the last game. We went to Kerry for a few days and we have also had some very competitive internal games.”Mayo report no injury worries ahead of the big game. Galway ReadyGalway star Joe Canning insists his team will concentrate on their own strengths when they look to beat Kilkenny in the All-Ireland hurling final on Sunday, September 8.Canning, who starred in the Leinster final win over the Cats, said, “They have so many players that they didn’t even bring off the subs’ bench that you can’t try and take them out of the game. You have to do your own thing and, hopefully, that will work.“We’ll have our tactics and they’ll have theirs and I don’t think it’s going to change much from any other game. Obviously, they’ll want to implement theirs on us, and likewise with ours on them. It’s whatever team gets the breaks then and the bit of luck that will win.“But this thing about trying to counteract Kilkenny, I don’t believe in it. We have to concentrate on ourselves. Bring our style of play to the game and hopefully that will be good enough.” GAA ShortsKILKENNY’S Michael Rice is certain to miss the All-Ireland SHC final against Galway because of a hand injury picked up in the semifinal win over Tipperary . . . EAMON Fitzmaurice has been confirmed as the new manager of the Kerry footballers on a three-year deal. Daragh O Se will succeed him as under-21 boss . . .WESTMEATH referee Barry Kelly will take charge of the All Ireland hurling final between Galway and Kilkenny . . .MEATH staged a typical late comeback to beat Mayo by 2-10 to 1-11 in the All-Ireland minor semifinal at Croke Park last Sunday . . .LIAM Bradley has quit as Antrim football manager and could now succeed John Brennan as boss of his native Derry . . .DUBLIN officials are confident that Anthony Daly will remain in charge of their senior hurling team in 2013 . . .MAURICE Horan wants to stay on as manager of the Limerick footballers. 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Topic: Every living thing made from water.	2014-15/0022/en_head.json.gz/6180	{"url": "http://www.islamicity.com/forum/new_reply_form.asp?PID=149809&PN=36&TR=288", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.islamicity.com", "date_download": "2014-04-16T08:00:27Z", "digest": "sha1:X4O46DSC7XB2X4PGFOTF6HGA4KTEBYFI"}	{"ccnet_length": [[0, 42, 42.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 42, 1678.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 42, 1.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 42, 50.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 42, 0.96]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 42, 241.9]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 42, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 42, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 42, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 42, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 42, 0.11111111]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 42, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 42, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 42, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 42, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 42, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 42, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 42, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 42, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 42, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 42, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 42, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 42, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 42, 0.22222222]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 42, 1.0]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 42, 4.85714286]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 42, 0.0]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 42, 1.94591015]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 42, 7.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 42, 1.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 42, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 42, 7.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 42, 0.0]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 42, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 42, 0.04761905]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 42, -9.89e-06]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 42, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 42, -1.001e-05]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 42, -1.74685508]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 42, -0.9351181]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 42, -0.29208527]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 42, 1.0]], "is_duplicate": true}
My aunt she is almost 80 years of age and as she recites surahs,she leaves out a couple of verses. I have tried to rectify her errors but it hasnt helped as she continues making the same mistakes. I wanted to know if it's a sin upon her to recite surahs in her prayer making these mistakes.Praise be to Allah.Firstly: Reciting al-Faatihah is one of the pillars or essential parts of the prayer, which the worshipper must recite correctly. The one who is excused for not doing that properly, because of a speech defect, forgetfulness and so on, must recite it to the best of his ability, and whatever he is unable to do is waived in his case, because Allah, may He be exalted, says (interpretation of the meaning):On no soul does Allah place a burden greater than it can bear[al-Baqarah 2:286]. The prayer is not rendered invalid unless the worshipper omits something from al-Faatihah or changes the pronunciation in a manner that alters the meaning. This applies if a person is able to recite it properly. In the case of one who is not able to do that, he should recite it as best as he can. If a Muslim is not able to offer the prayer in the perfect manner, then he must do whatever he is able to do, and whatever he is unable to do is waived in his case. Al-Bukhaari (7822) and Muslim (1337) narrated that Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: The Messenger of Allah (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) said: If I command you to do something, then do as much of it as you can. An-Nawawi (may Allah have mercy on him) said: This is one of the most important basic principles of Islam, and is an example of the power of concise speech that was given to the Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him). It is applicable to innumerable rulings, such as prayer of all types. If a person is unable to do some of the pillars or essential parts of the prayer, or is unable to meet some of its conditions, then he must do the rest; if he is unable to wash some of the parts of the body that must be washed in wudoo' or ghusl, then he must wash whatever he can. If he has something that will cover part of his awrah, or he has memorised only part of al-Faatihah, then he must do whatever he is able to do. â¦ This hadeeth is in accordance with the words of Allah, may He be exalted (interpretation of the meaning): So keep your duty to Allah and fear Him as much as you can[al-Taghaabun 64:16].End quote. See also the answer to question no. 5410 What you must do is focus on teaching your aunt to recite al-Faatihah correctly, if she is not reciting it properly and is able to learn it. Secondly: With regard to soorahs other than al-Faatihah, the matter is easier, especially when one is not able to do it, because reciting something other than al-Faatihah in the prayer is not one of the obligatory parts of the prayer. The scholars of the Standing Committee said: If the imam forgets a verse of al-Faatihah and doesn't realise it until a long time has passed, then he must repeat the prayer if it was an obligatory prayer, because recitation of al-Faatihah is one of the pillars or essential parts of the prayer. But if he remembers that before a long time has passed, then he should do an extra rakah to replace the rakah in which he omitted a verse of al-Faatihah, then do the prostration of forgetfulness (sujood as-sahw). But if the verse that was forgotten was from a soorah other than al-Faatihah, then his prayer is valid and neither he nor those who prayed behind him have to do anything, because recitation of more than al-Faatihah is mustahabb (encouraged) but is not obligatory.End quote from Fataawa al-Lajnah ad-Daa'imah, 5/332 Shaykh Ibn Baaz (may Allah have mercy on him) said: With regard to recitation other than al-Faatihah, if the worshipper omits anything because he forgot, that does not matter. End quote from Fataawa Noor ala ad-Darb, 9/421 Shaykh Ibn Uthaymeen (may Allah have mercy on him) was asked: My mother has high blood pressure, as a result of which she is half-paralysed and cannot move the muscles on the right side of her body. Her memory has also become weak, and she has forgotten some verses of the Qur'an, including al-Faatihah, as well as some of the adhkaar that are recited in the prayer. Her speech is also affected, in that she cannot speak except with great effort. My question is: What is the ruling on my mother's prayer if she forgets some verses or al-Faatihah or some of the obligatory adhkaar of the prayer, after she does her best? He replied: If she cannot do more than that, then she is excused, because Allah, may He be exalted, says (interpretation of the meaning):So keep your duty to Allah and fear Him as much as you can[al-Taghaabun 64:16].On no soul does Allah place a burden greater than it can bear[al-Baqarah 2:286].But she should strive her utmost to recite al-Faatihah and the obligatory adhkaar to the best of her ability, even if that means that someone should be with her who can prompt her. With regard to things that are mustahabb, such as reciting more than al-Faatihah or more than Subhaana Rabbiy al-Ala (Glory be to my Lord Most High) when prostrating and Subhaana Rabbiy al-Azeem (Glory be to my Lord the Almighty) when bowing, and so on, there is nothing wrong with omitting that.End quote from Fataawa Noor ala ad-Darb, 8/2. And Allah knows best. 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Stress-Corrosion Cracking (SCC) Failure by cracking under the combined action of corrosion and stress, either external (applied) or internal (residual). Cracking may be either intergranular or transgranular, depending on the metal and the corrosive medium.	2014-15/0022/en_head.json.gz/6182	{"url": "http://www.ispe.org/glossary?term=Stress-Corrosion+Cracking+(SCC)", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.ispe.org", "date_download": "2014-04-16T07:18:38Z", "digest": "sha1:KY2ANTX5Y7J4ENHXPAK6TC2YHJET7UZT"}	{"ccnet_length": [[0, 256, 256.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 256, 3805.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 256, 2.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 256, 142.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 256, 0.77]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 256, 143.2]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 256, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 256, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 256, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 256, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 256, 0.32608696]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 256, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 256, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 256, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 256, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 256, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 256, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 256, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 256, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 256, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 256, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 256, 0.02173913]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 256, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 256, 0.2173913]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 256, 0.8]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 256, 6.02857143]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 256, 0.0]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 256, 3.2481893]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 256, 35.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 32, 0.0], [32, 256, 1.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 32, 0.0], [32, 256, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 32, 3.0], [32, 256, 32.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 32, 0.0], [32, 256, 0.0]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 32, 0.0], [32, 256, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 32, 0.1875], [32, 256, 0.00892857]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 256, 0.38770723]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 256, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 256, -1.001e-05]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 256, -19.13194095]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 256, -2.53447253]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 256, 6.95608082]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 256, 2.0]], "is_duplicate": false}
Europe starts process of recognizing Palestine Wednesday, January 26, 2011 \| Ryan Jones Ireland on Tuesday decided to upgrade the status of the Palestinian Authority diplomatic delegation in Dublin, starting what many in Israel fear will be a domino effect leading to the unilateral recognition of a Palestinian Arab state. Irish officials stressed that the PA delegation was not being upgraded to a full embassy, but rather a diplomatic mission, and that Dublin was not recognizing “Palestine” as an independent state. Still, the move does mean that the head of the PA delegation will now be referred to as “ambassador” and will present credentials to the Irish president just like a real ambassador. So while Ireland is playing a game of semantics, the reality “on the ground” is that the Palestinian Authority will be represented as an independent national entity in Europe. Israeli officials were furious. Deputy Foreign Minister Danny Ayalon warned that these de facto recognitions of a Palestinian state were putting bilateral peace further out of reach, and were actually advancing another onset of violence. “Unilateral steps are creating a bubble of expectation for the Palestinians. We can see an obvious connection to the recent spate of recognition and a hardening of the Palestinian position,” said Ayalon. “We all know that bubbles eventually burst and it is negligent to contribute to this unsustainable policy.” Ayalon was referring to the new trend in Latin America to recognize a Palestinian state in all of Judea and Samaria. Brazil, Argentina, Ecuador, Bolivia, Chile and Peru all have done so over the past few months.	2014-15/0022/en_head.json.gz/6183	{"url": "http://www.israeltoday.co.il/NewsItem/tabid/178/nid/22629/Default.aspx", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.israeltoday.co.il", "date_download": "2014-04-16T07:41:27Z", "digest": "sha1:6ZP6UEU47IYWYDUHMUXFF6JPAMHX3XCK"}	{"ccnet_length": [[0, 1639, 1639.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 1639, 3639.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 1639, 8.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 1639, 84.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 1639, 0.96]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 1639, 293.9]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 1639, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 1639, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 1639, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 1639, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 1639, 0.42372881]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 1639, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 1639, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 1639, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 1639, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 1639, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 1639, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 1639, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 1639, 0.0147929]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 1639, 0.02366864]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 1639, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 1639, 0.00677966]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 1639, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 1639, 0.11864407]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 1639, 0.61450382]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 1639, 5.16030534]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 1639, 0.0]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 1639, 4.72034302]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 1639, 262.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 47, 0.0], [47, 324, 1.0], [324, 520, 1.0], [520, 878, 1.0], [878, 910, 1.0], [910, 1116, 1.0], [1116, 1428, 1.0], [1428, 1639, 1.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 47, 0.0], [47, 324, 0.0], [324, 520, 0.0], [520, 878, 0.0], [878, 910, 0.0], [910, 1116, 0.0], [1116, 1428, 0.0], [1428, 1639, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 47, 6.0], [47, 324, 43.0], [324, 520, 31.0], [520, 878, 61.0], [878, 910, 4.0], [910, 1116, 31.0], [1116, 1428, 49.0], [1428, 1639, 37.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 47, 0.0], [47, 324, 0.02222222], [324, 520, 0.0], [520, 878, 0.0], [878, 910, 0.0], [910, 1116, 0.0], [1116, 1428, 0.0], [1428, 1639, 0.0]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 47, 0.0], [47, 324, 0.0], [324, 520, 0.0], [520, 878, 0.0], [878, 910, 0.0], [910, 1116, 0.0], [1116, 1428, 0.0], [1428, 1639, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 47, 0.04255319], [47, 324, 0.0433213], [324, 520, 0.0255102], [520, 878, 0.02513966], [878, 910, 0.03125], [910, 1116, 0.02912621], [1116, 1428, 0.01923077], [1428, 1639, 0.05687204]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 1639, 0.93919271]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 1639, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 1639, 0.64337772]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 1639, -27.6751304]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 1639, 48.02478802]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 1639, -30.06115019]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 1639, 11.0]], "is_duplicate": false}
Home / Sports, Sports News, Track & Field / Liberty High School Patriots win track titles Liberty High School Patriots win track titles By Bob Taylor NEW — 3 p.m. May 12, 2011 Two members of the Liberty High School track and field team captured individual titles Wednesday in the first day of the 3A/2A KingCo Conference Championship meet at Juanita High School. Joshua Gordon won the boys long jump by leaping 22 feet. He was also the top qualifier in the preliminary 200-meter race with a time of 22.47 seconds. Devin Bennett, of Liberty, was third in the long jump by going 20-8 1/2. He was also the top qualifier in the preliminary 400 race with a time of 52.06. Liberty’s Tyler Westendorf was fourth in the 1,600 in 4:29.52. Teammate Nick Knoblich took sixth in 4:35.20. Kevin Ahrens, of Liberty, finished eighth in the shot put with a throw of 39-3. In the girls competition, Liberty’s Amy Broska won the 1,600 in 5:24.17. Teammate Megan Chucka was second in 5:28.91. Rachel Shaw, of Liberty, also placed seventh in the race with a time of 5:34.81. In the field events, Liberty’s Sofie Safley was third in the discus with a throw of 87-10 and Ida Bakke placed fourth in the long jump at 15-1. In the 3A prelims, Liberty’s Madison Birdsall had the top qualifying time in the 400 with a 59.46. Teammate Emily Pestl-Dimmitt qualified for the finals in the 100 and 300 hurdles. In the 4A KingCo championships, which are also held at Juanita, Skyline’s Kasen Williams defended his league titles in the long jump and high jump. Williams went 21-6 1/2 in the long jump to beat Issaquah’s Jorrell Dorsey, who finished second at 20-9 1/2. Issaquah’s Mike Baba placed second in the javelin with a throw of 164-8. He was edged out by Bothell’s Braden Foley, who won with a toss of 165-9. Kyle Branch, of Skyline, was third in the 1,600 in 4:23.67. In the 4A girls meet, Issaquah’s Alex Arteritano finished second in the discus with a throw of 94-11. Elena Frerker led a contingent of Skyline throwers by placing third at 88-5. Teammates Kara Alden, Haley Ziegler and M’Kayla Silva finished fourth, fifth and sixth respectively. Ziegler placed fourth in the javelin with a throw of 109-1 and Issaquah’s Katie Zhong was fifth at 103-1. Issaquah’s Mckenna Hogan took fourth in the long jump with a leap of 16-5 and Skyline’s Jordan Branch was fourth in the 1,600 in 5:18.61. Lindsay Coutts, of Skyline, was third in the high jump at 5-feet. Issaquah’s Mack Wieburg was fifth at 4-10. In the prelims, Issaquah’s Haley Jacobson was the top qualifier in the 100 and 200. She had the fastest time in the 100 in 12.52 and the best time in the 200 in 25.25. Teammate Lauren Bruner qualified for the finals in the 100 and 300 hurdles. The KingCo championships continue Friday. Competition begins at 3:30 p.m. Skyline upsets Issaquah in lacrosse The Skyline High School boys lacrosse team recorded one of its biggest victories in the club’s young history Wednesday when the host Spartans topped Issaquah 10-9 in overtime. It was the first time Skyline had ever defeated Issaquah in lacrosse. Ryan McMackin, assisted by Max Saffle, scored the winning goal for Skyline after Issaquah’s Jake Fritz had earlier missed on a shot. Issaquah jumped to a 3-1 first-quarter lead but Skyline came back in the second quarter with three goals to make it a 4-4 tie at halftime. The Eagles went ahead in the third quarter and were in front with just nine seconds left in regulation when Skyline’s Ryan Benz tied the score at 9-9 to send the game into overtime. McMackin and Andrew Hankey each had three goals to lead Skyline. Fritz had five goals and an assist to lead Issaquah. Kole Lindor, of Issaquah, had 10 groundballs. Issaquah dropped to 8-2 in Division I play while Skyline went to 6-4. In Division II play Tuesday, Liberty defeated Redmond 5-2. Collin Ross had four goals for Liberty. Other Stories of Interest: Issaquah High School boys lacrosse, Issaquah High School boys track, Issaquah High School girls track, Kasen Williams, KingCo, Liberty High School boys track, Liberty High School girls track, Skyline High School boys lacrosse, Skyline High School boys track, Skyline High School girls track Written by Bob Taylor · Filed Under Sports, Sports News, Track & Field Copyright © 2013 by Issaquah Press Inc. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, rewritten or redistributed without permission. 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Fernanda Visited 6 months ago Languages: Spanish, English, German, French, Italian Learning: French, Italian, German 28, Female, From Viña Del Mar, Chile, Living in Viña del mar, Chile	2014-15/0022/en_head.json.gz/6185	{"url": "http://www.italki.com/user/211171", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.italki.com", "date_download": "2014-04-16T07:28:55Z", "digest": "sha1:C4TJWHCDGM5TFE25JJOVEBRQVNA6PN2T"}	{"ccnet_length": [[0, 184, 184.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 184, 2014.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 184, 3.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 184, 65.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 184, 0.76]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 184, 166.0]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 184, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 184, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 184, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 184, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 184, 0.02439024]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 184, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 184, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 184, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 184, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 184, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 184, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 184, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 184, 0.17808219]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 184, 0.15068493]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 184, 0.21917808]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 184, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 184, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 184, 0.36585366]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 184, 0.75]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 184, 5.21428571]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 184, 0.0]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 184, 2.98563092]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 184, 28.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 30, 0.0], [30, 117, 0.0], [117, 184, 0.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 30, 0.0], [30, 117, 0.0], [117, 184, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 30, 5.0], [30, 117, 10.0], [117, 184, 13.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 30, 0.03448276], [30, 117, 0.0], [117, 184, 0.03125]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 30, 0.0], [30, 117, 0.0], [117, 184, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 30, 0.06666667], [30, 117, 0.11494253], [117, 184, 0.13432836]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 184, 0.00029802]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 184, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 184, -9.78e-06]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 184, -8.01187989]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 184, -5.33810669]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 184, 5.15848022]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 184, 1.0]], "is_duplicate": false}
Ithaca offers more than 100 degree programs to choose from. and 500 graduate students from 48 states, 4 U.S. territories and 68 countries. In the center of the Finger Lakes region of New York State, our modern campus is about 60 miles north of Binghamton and about 60 miles south of Syracuse. Tell us how your Ithaca classes, internships, and experiences helped you create success. Visit Ithaca Julia Becker '13 School of Humanities and Sciences \| English As an Academic Enrichment Services tutor, writing center tutor, and teaching assistant at Ithaca College, Julia Becker has enjoyed helping other students on their paths to success. Her plan after graduation is to become an English teacher—but when she came to IC, she was unsure about her direction. Julia entered Ithaca College’s Exploratory Program, which gives students up to four semesters before declaring a major to take courses across IC’s five schools, receiving focused advisement and mentoring along the way. “I’m an organized person, so not knowing what I wanted to do was kind of stressful,” Julia says. “The Exploratory Program at IC gave me a direction and a plan to get me going on a path that felt right.” As a sophomore, Julia explored English as a possible major. “I took Intro to Poetry and [Approaches to] Literary Theory, and it just clicked. I hadn’t taken an English class since high school, and once I settled into it I realized that’s where I was supposed to be.” Slideshow: Julia Becker As part of the Ithaca College Honors Program, Julia took her newfound love for English to the source with a semester abroad in London, England. Through an independent study course of her own creation, Julia collaborated with IC professor Robert Sullivan on his literary work. She spent weeks in the Rare Books Reading Room of the British Library, transcribing an original work by Renaissance-era humanist Sir Thomas Elyot. Julia and Professor Sullivan will eventually create a modern critical edition of the 16th-century book. “Having the chance to work on something so unique that will result in a publication credit to my name is a valuable experience that I never imagined I could have as an undergraduate.” Discovering her passion for English made Julia realize she wants to share it with others. She was accepted to the educational nonprofit Teach for America, and will be teaching English to secondary school students in a disadvantaged area after graduation. She also plans to pursue an English Ph.D. to become a professor. “Working closely with students at Ithaca to help them excel and teach them important skills has been a rewarding experience. It has helped prepare me for the teaching that I’ll be going on to do in the future.”	2014-15/0022/en_head.json.gz/6186	{"url": "http://www.ithaca.edu/ready/juliab/", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.ithaca.edu", "date_download": "2014-04-16T07:53:15Z", "digest": "sha1:7CR4L7KNN7YLW2HATKSISLJBWMSEQPP7"}	{"ccnet_length": [[0, 2710, 2710.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 2710, 3314.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 2710, 15.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 2710, 37.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 2710, 0.97]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 2710, 288.3]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 2710, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 2710, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 2710, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 2710, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 2710, 0.39319471]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 2710, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 2710, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 2710, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 2710, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 2710, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 2710, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 2710, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 2710, 0.00907441]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 2710, 0.01088929]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 2710, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 2710, 0.03213611]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 2710, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 2710, 0.13799622]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 2710, 0.56953642]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 2710, 4.86534216]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 2710, 0.0]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 2710, 5.15852262]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 2710, 453.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 60, 1.0], [60, 139, 1.0], [139, 293, 1.0], [293, 382, 1.0], [382, 395, 0.0], [395, 412, 0.0], [412, 456, 0.0], [456, 756, 1.0], [756, 1178, 1.0], [1178, 1445, 1.0], [1445, 1469, 0.0], [1469, 1996, 1.0], [1996, 2180, 1.0], [2180, 2500, 1.0], [2500, 2710, 1.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 60, 0.0], [60, 139, 0.0], [139, 293, 0.0], [293, 382, 0.0], [382, 395, 0.0], [395, 412, 0.0], [412, 456, 0.0], [456, 756, 0.0], [756, 1178, 0.0], [1178, 1445, 0.0], [1445, 1469, 0.0], [1469, 1996, 0.0], [1996, 2180, 0.0], [2180, 2500, 0.0], [2500, 2710, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 60, 10.0], [60, 139, 13.0], [139, 293, 29.0], [293, 382, 13.0], [382, 395, 2.0], [395, 412, 3.0], [412, 456, 6.0], [456, 756, 48.0], [756, 1178, 72.0], [1178, 1445, 48.0], [1445, 1469, 3.0], [1469, 1996, 83.0], [1996, 2180, 33.0], [2180, 2500, 52.0], [2500, 2710, 38.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 60, 0.05172414], [60, 139, 0.10810811], [139, 293, 0.02649007], [293, 382, 0.0], [382, 395, 0.0], [395, 412, 0.13333333], [412, 456, 0.0], [456, 756, 0.0], [756, 1178, 0.0], [1178, 1445, 0.0], [1445, 1469, 0.0], [1469, 1996, 0.00387597], [1996, 2180, 0.0], [2180, 2500, 0.0], [2500, 2710, 0.0]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 60, 0.0], [60, 139, 0.0], [139, 293, 0.0], [293, 382, 0.0], [382, 395, 0.0], [395, 412, 0.0], [412, 456, 0.0], [456, 756, 0.0], [756, 1178, 0.0], [1178, 1445, 0.0], [1445, 1469, 0.0], [1469, 1996, 0.0], [1996, 2180, 0.0], [2180, 2500, 0.0], [2500, 2710, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 60, 0.01666667], [60, 139, 0.02531646], [139, 293, 0.05194805], [293, 382, 0.02247191], [382, 395, 0.15384615], [395, 412, 0.11764706], [412, 456, 0.09090909], [456, 756, 0.04], [756, 1178, 0.03554502], [1178, 1445, 0.05243446], [1445, 1469, 0.125], [1469, 1996, 0.05502846], [1996, 2180, 0.01630435], [2180, 2500, 0.034375], [2500, 2710, 0.01904762]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 2710, 0.22943759]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 2710, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 2710, 0.69754124]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 2710, -116.13648029]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 2710, 40.32463536]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 2710, -95.13748226]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 2710, 26.0]], "is_duplicate": true}
International Convention on the Conservation of Psittacidae IUCN Member, the Loro Parque Foundation, will organise the 1st International Convention on the Conservation of Psittacidae - Science, Policy and Practice, from the 20 to 22 September 2010, and the 7th International Parrot Convention, from the 22 to 25 September 2010. Since 1994, the Loro Parque Foundation has been taking action with great success for the good of parrots and their habitats worldwide. These two conferences will further promote a coordinated effort to ensure the conservation of parrots. These events will constitute a unique opportunity to bring together researchers, experts (especially those working in the field) and governmental authorities with responsibility for the conservation of parrots. The numerous presentations and planned discussion time will enable the sharing of up-to-date developments in the field of parrot conservation work. Additional resources, including information on how to register for the event, are available on the Loro Parque Foundation website. A Blue-and-yellow-macaw in the Bird Park of Iguaçu, Brazil Photo: IUCN Photo Library © Imène Meliane	2014-15/0022/en_head.json.gz/6187	{"url": "http://www.iucn.org/news_homepage/news_by_date/2009_news/september_2009/?4115/International-Convention-on-the-Conservation-of-Psittacidae", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.iucn.org", "date_download": "2014-04-16T08:31:09Z", "digest": "sha1:UVMWEFARP6HB22EZL2NMZFSQC3K2MPVR"}	{"ccnet_length": [[0, 1156, 1156.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 1156, 4391.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 1156, 6.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 1156, 34.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 1156, 0.89]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 1156, 200.5]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 1156, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 1156, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 1156, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 1156, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 1156, 0.345]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 1156, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 1156, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 1156, 0.11007269]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 1156, 0.11007269]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 1156, 0.11007269]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 1156, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 1156, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 1156, 0.0623053]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 1156, 0.07061267]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 1156, 0.07165109]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 1156, 0.015]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 1156, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 1156, 0.17]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 1156, 0.57988166]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 1156, 5.69822485]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 1156, 0.0]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 1156, 4.24939033]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 1156, 169.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 60, 0.0], [60, 328, 1.0], [328, 566, 1.0], [566, 925, 1.0], [925, 1056, 1.0], [1056, 1156, 0.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 60, 0.0], [60, 328, 0.0], [328, 566, 0.0], [566, 925, 0.0], [925, 1056, 0.0], [1056, 1156, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 60, 7.0], [60, 328, 41.0], [328, 566, 37.0], [566, 925, 49.0], [925, 1056, 19.0], [1056, 1156, 16.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 60, 0.0], [60, 328, 0.06976744], [328, 566, 0.01709402], [566, 925, 0.0], [925, 1056, 0.0], [1056, 1156, 0.0]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 60, 0.0], [60, 328, 0.0], [328, 566, 0.0], [566, 925, 0.0], [925, 1056, 0.0], [1056, 1156, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 60, 0.06666667], [60, 328, 0.07462687], [328, 566, 0.0210084], [566, 925, 0.00557103], [925, 1056, 0.03053435], [1056, 1156, 0.15]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 1156, 0.17836589]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 1156, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 1156, 0.08149421]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 1156, -45.98956518]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 1156, -2.56160335]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 1156, 8.16161937]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 1156, 7.0]], "is_duplicate": false}
Home > Haliotis cracherodii (Black Abalone) © Genevieve Anderson Haliotis cracherodii VETIGASTROPODA HALIOTIDAE Leach, 1814 Black Abalone Smith, G., Stamm, C. & Petrovic, F. (McGill University) Seddon, M.B., Mikkelsen, P., Roth, B. (Mollusc RLA), Haaker, P., Geiger, D. & Scott, P. Justification:H. cracherodii began supporting a commercial fishery in California in 1968. In the mid 1980s a wasting disease, Withering Syndrome, began to appear, reducing the commercial catch considerably. At present, the harvest of black abalone is illegal in California, but the species is still harvested commercially in Mexico. At most surveyed locations where the disease was present, black abalone populations were reduced by more than 80%. Fishers on the southern shore of Santa Cruz Island made the first observation of this disease in 1985. It has since spread throughout all the California Channel Islands and northwards to Monterey. In Mexico, cases of Withering Syndrome have been reported as far south as Cedros Island in Baja California. The spread of the disease now extends over almost the entire range of the species. Withering Syndrome does not appear to showing any signs of relenting in its progression along the coast in either direction. The strong correlation between adult abundance and recruitment suggests that larvae do not disperse very far from their point of origin, thus depleted abalone populations are unlikely to be restored by recruitment from distant populations. If no action is taken, it is estimated that H. cracherodii will decline by at least 80% over a period of three generations (from approximately 1975 to 2015), extending into the past and the future, and consequently, the species qualifies for Critically Endangered under criterion A4. The black abalone, Haliotis cracherodii, is found in intertidal waters off California, USA, and Baja California, Mexico. Native:Mexico (Baja California); United States (California) Pacific – eastern central Large-scale commercial fishery of black abalone began in California in 1968 (Haaker et al. 1995). Like most other abalone fisheries, black abalone landings underwent a rapid rise, peaking in 1973 at a maximum catch of over 800 metric tonnes, followed by a decline (Parker et al. 1992). In 1992, commercial landings had diminished to 17.4 metric tonnes, as a wasting disease, Withering Syndrome (WS) spread throughout southern California (Haaker et al. 1992, Haaker et al. 1995). H. cracherodii is a sessile marine gastropod. It clamps tightly to rocky substrates and feeds on algal matter scraped from the rock surface. Gametes are released into the water where fertilization occurs to produce free-swimming larvae. Successful fertilization requires aggregated adults and synchronized gonad development and release (McShane 1996). After approximately 15 days as non-feeding zooplankton, the larvae metamorphose into their adult form, develop a shell, and settle onto a hard substrate (Douros 1985). Juveniles mainly reside in rocky crevices and feed primarily on benthic diatoms, bacterial films and algae found on coralline algal substrate (NMFS 2000). As juveniles, abalone are vulnerable to predators which graze the surfaces of coralline algae and associated species (McShane 1989). As they increase in size they become less vulnerable to predation and are able to emerge from their sheltered habitat and search out more desirable food sources (NMFS 2000). Adult abalone depend primarily on drift algae (Tegner and Dayton 1987). Main predators of adult abalone are fishes, otters and humans. Most black abalone are found in the intertidal zone, ranging from the high tide line to a depth of up to five meters (Lindberg 1989). Generation time is not easy to determine. Individuals do not display the same growth rate and older individuals may cease to grow altogether (B. Tissot, Washington University, pers comm.). Reproductive maturity is reached between three and seven years (when They are re approximately 130-150 mm in length), but life expectancy ranges from 25 to 75 years. Taking an average of these provides only a very rough estimate for the average age of parents, especially since the relationship between age and fecundity is unknown. Nonetheless, generation time is estimated to be between 14 and 41 years, thus a minimum three generation period would be 42 years (Smith et al. 2001). Withering Syndrome (WS) is the main threat to black abalone. It is manifested by epipodial discoloration, loss of appetite, severe weight loss and atrophy of the foot muscle. As a consequence, abalone lose their ability to adhere to the substratum and eventually die (Tissot 1991, Haaker et al. 1992). The first reports of WS were in black abalone were made by fishers on the southern shore of Santa Cruz Island (Lafferty and Kuris 1993). The disease then spread throughout all the Californian Channel Islands from 1985 to 1992, except Santa Catalina Island, where no studies have been conducted (Haaker et al. 1992, Lafferty and Kuris 1993, Van Blaricom et al. 1993). At most surveyed locations black abalone were initially reduced to less than 20% of their initial densities (Tissot 1990, Davis et al. 1992, Richards and Davis 1993, Altstatt et al. 1996). Some have completely lost their black abalone populations (P. Hakker pers. comm.). Black abalone are also affected by the large human population inhabiting southern California, the majority of which reside within 50 km of the coast (Parker et al. 1992). Coastal development, such as residential areas, harbours and coastal access points and large ocean discharges of municipal and industrial wastes contribute to the degradation and loss of near shore habitat (Parker et al. 1992). Commercial and recreational fishing have also placed black abalone populations under intense pressure. The large decline in fisheries landings may have been a consequence of over harvesting (Parker et al. 1992), however the mass mortality of populations in the Channel Islands that began in 1985 has been attributed to WS and continued fishing (Haaker et al. 1992). Other possible threats to the species include storm, competition with other marine organisms and predation (Smith et al. 2001). All abalone fisheries in California are managed by the California Department of Fish and Game. The restrictions employed can range from minimum legal size limits and bag limits to harvest seasons and closures (Breen 1989, P. Haaker pers. comm.). The harvest of black abalone is currently illegal in California. In Mexico, green abalone, H. fulgens and pink abalone H. corugata are the main focus of commercial fishery. Black abalone do not form a large proportion of total abalone landings. Exclusive rights to abalone exploitation were granted to cooperative fishers' organizations. Although new legislation in 1992 allowed for the entry of the private sector into the fishery, all abalone harvesting is still done by cooperatives (Ramande-Villanueva et al. 1998). Total allowable catches per cooperative (TACCs) were introduced in 1973, but their criteria have changed appreciably over the years (Ramande-Villanueva et al. 1998). Since black abalone make up such a small proportion of the commercial catch in Mexico, it is difficult to assess the impact of these regulations on the species. In January 1999 the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) published its updated list of candidate species under the Endangered Species Act (ESA). Black abalone was one of 14 new species added to the list (NMFS 1999). The NMFS intends to conduct a review to determine whether black abalone deserves a national listing of endangered or threatened (P. Haaker, pers. comm.). Listing as a candidate species does not, however, provide substantive or procedural protection for the species under the ESA (NMFS 1999). Stock restoration by transplantation from distant populations has been proposed to restore depleted populations (Tissot 1997). Smith et al. (2001) propose that both American and Mexican fishery authorities work together to develop a re-stocking program to help restore black abalone populations all along the coast, especially in key locations such as the Channel Islands. Since the greatest threat facing the black abalone is disease, special precaution must be taken to ensure that the transplantation of adult abalone does not create a new path for the spread of WS. While not an especially charismatic species, many living in coastal California and Baja California recognize that the black abalone is important to local economies. A well designed public education campaign may result in a successful appeal for public funding (Smith et al. 2001). There is a need to survey areas where the status of black abalone populations are currently unknown, namely the coastline between Los Angeles and central Baja California, in addition to new surveys being carried out at sites previously examined. A study of withered black abalone at the northern fringe of WS's current range (Monterey and San Francisco) (Smith et al. 2001). Perhaps most importantly, further investigation of WS itself is also needed (Smith et al. 2001), including investigation into whether WS is caused by an introduced pathogen, identification of other species that may serve as reservoir hosts, and identification of resistant individuals for potential brood stock and development of husbandry. Smith, G., Stamm, C. & Petrovic, F. (McGill University) 2003. Haliotis cracherodii. In: IUCN 2013. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2013.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. 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ANURA ELEUTHERODACTYLIDAE Eleutherodactylus dolomedes Hedges and Thomas, 1992 A3c; B1ab(iii)+2ab(iii) Blair Hedges, Richard Thomas Global Amphibian Assessment Coordinating Team (Simon Stuart, Janice Chanson, Neil Cox and Bruce Young) Listed as Critically Endangered because a population decline of greater than 80% over the next ten years, is predicted from severe degradation of the species' habitat: and because its Extent of Occurrence is less than 100km2 and its Area of Occupancy is less than 10km2, all individuals are in a single population, and the extent of its forest habitat on the Massif de la Hotte, Haiti, is declining. Range Description:This species is restricted to one site on the Massif de la Hotte, in Haiti, at 1,120m asl.Countries:Native:HaitiRange Map:Click here to open the map viewer and explore range. It is known only from a few specimens. It is an arboreal species, occurring in high-elevation cloud forest. While it has been recorded from forest edge, this is probably not suitable habitat. Eggs are laid on the ground, and it breeds by direct development. The primary threat to the species is severe habitat destruction, which is taking place as a result of logging by local people (charcoaling) and slash-and-burn agriculture. This species is known only from the Parc National Macaya; there is no active management of this area for conservation, and the habitat continues to be destroyed. Urgent site-based action is required in the Massif de la Hotte to conserve the remaining habitat in the area, in order to ensure the persistence of this species as well as other threatened amphibians known only from this area. Survey work is required to determine the population status of this species. Hedges, S.B. 1993. Global amphibian declines: a perspective from the Caribbean. Biodiversity and Conservation 2(3): 290-303. Hedges, S.B. 1999. Distribution of amphibians in the West Indies. In: W.E. Duellman (ed.), Patterns of Distribution of Amphibians. A Global Perspective, pp. 211-254. The Johns Hopkins Press, Baltimore, Maryland. Hedges, S.B. 2001. Caribherp: database of West Indian amphibians and reptiles (http://www.caribherp.net). Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA. Hedges, S.B. and Thomas, R. 1992. Two new species of Eleutherodactylus from remnant cloud forest in Haiti (Anura, Leptodactylidae). Herpetologica: 351-358. Henderson, R.W. and Powell, R. 1999. West Indian herpetoecology. In: B.I. Crother (ed.), Caribbean Amphibians and Reptiles, pp. 223-226. Academic Press, San Diego, California. Henderson, R.W. and Powell, R. 2001. Responses by the West Indian herpetofauna to human-influenced resources. Caribbean Journal of Science 37: 41-54. IUCN. 2004. 2004 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded on 23 November 2004. Schwartz, A. and Henderson, R.W. 1991. Amphibians and Reptiles of the West Indies: Descriptions, Distributions and Natural History. University of Florida Press, Gainesville, Florida. Blair Hedges, Richard Thomas 2004. Eleutherodactylus dolomedes. In: IUCN 2013. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2013.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. 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Value of Rockwell painting re-examined in Vermont A photo provided by Sotheby's shows the popular Norman Rockwell masterpiece "Saying Grace." / AP file photo by Molly Walsh, The Burlington (Vt.) Free Pressby Molly Walsh, The Burlington (Vt.) Free Press Filed Under BURLINGTON, Vt. -- When a Norman Rockwell "Saying Grace" painting sold for a record $46 million this month at Sotheby's, it was only natural to wonder: What could this mean for Burlington's very own Rockwell, "The Babysitter." Rockwell lived in Vermont from 1939 to 1953 and incorporated many Vermont people and places into his popular Saturday Evening Post magazine covers and other work. He also sometimes gave paintings away, including the endearing portrait of a harried, red-headed baby sitter that he sent to Burlington school children in 1948. Today it hangs at the University of Vermont's Fleming Museum. The painting is undoubtedly worth more than the $48 that local sixth-graders scrounged up and offered to Rockwell when they asked him for a picture to memorialize a classmate who had died of leukemia. But how much more? The big price for Rockwell's "Saying Grace" does not provide a definitive answer. Appreciation for Rockwell is surely growing and the sales price of "Grace" is a reflection of that, said Stephanie Plunkett, deputy director and chief curator at the Norman Rockwell Museum in Stockbridge, Mass., where the artist lived for many years after he left Vermont. Six Rockwells were auctioned Dec. 4 at Sotheby's for a combined total of nearly $60 million. But don't go thinking that all 4,000 works by the artist are now worth mega-millions, or that "The Babysitter" specifically would fetch enough to build several new Burlington High Schools. Whether recent trends will result in "a major adjustment" to Rockwell prices is unclear, Plunkett said. A portrait of Dwight Eisenhower by Rockwell sold in the $100,000 range at the Dec. 4 auction, a price that seemed low to Plunkett. And Christie's, which had its own mega-auction of American art Dec. 5, did not see the big numbers Sotheby's reeled in for Rockwells the day before. The top selling Rockwell at Christie's went for a mere $1.6 million, small change compared with the price for "Grace." It must be noted that "Grace" is not just any Rockwell. The painting of a time-worn woman and young boy bowing their heads in prayer over a table in a bustling diner appeared on an enormously popular 1951 Saturday Evening Post Thanksgiving cover. It resonates in a special way, Plunkett said. "There are a few paintings by every artist that are really singular works. They just speak to us for a whole variety of reasons. They become icons in their own right." "Grace" is one of these, Plunkett said. "It is a work that really brings together his great strengths as an artist, his sense of humanity, his exceptional skills as a draftsman and painter and I think it's a subject that really translated well for a broad audience." Plunkett would not guess at the value of "The Babysitter," which shows a fussing baby pulling a strawberry strand of her minder's hair as the overwhelmed girl juggles the little one on her lap and reads a how-to manual. Rattles, stuffed bears and a half-empty baby bottle litter the floor to suggest the novice babysitter has tried everything to stop the screaming - to no avail. So much of a painting's sales price depends on who participates in an auction and how much they want the work at that moment, Plunkett said. Two anonymous bidders haggled for nine minutes by telephone over "Grace," pushing the price up and up. Burlington's "Babysitter" is being re-appraised for insurance purposes. It came in at $900,000 when last appraised and could well increase. But even a new estimate might not reflect the market value. The story of how "The Babysitter" wound up in Burlington began in 1946. That's when Alison Pooley, a student at the now-closed Taft School, joined her class on a field trip to Rockwell's studio in the small southern Vermont town of Arlington. The visit was a success and the children remembered it fondly. So much so that when Pooley died of leukemia the next year, her grieving classmates reached out to Rockwell. Together they raised $48 and sent Rockwell a letter asking him for a painting in Pooley's memory. About a year later, the portrait of "The Babysitter" arrived, complete with a safety pin the artist inserted into the diaper worn by the baby sitting on the red-head's lap. Rockwell declined the $48. The girl in the painting is not Alison Pooley and it's unclear why Rockwell chose to give this work to the school children, other than perhaps because the babysitter was around Pooley's age. According to Plunkett, Rockwell gave away many paintings to friends and neighbors. "The Babysitter" was displayed at Taft School for several decades and stored for a time in a boiler room. The painting was later loaned to a bank and hung there. By the mid-1990s the painting was valued at $300,000 and the Burlington school board was making noises about selling it off. Members of Pooley's class and local art lovers protested. They mounted a campaign to raise $300,000 in private funds for school art programs. The school board dropped plans to sell. The board entered into an agreement with the University of Vermont's Fleming Museum to have the painting displayed there under a long-term, renewable loan. The current agreement with the museum goes until October 2014, according to Jeanne Collins, superintendent of Burlington Schools. Whatever the current value of "The Babysitter," the district has no plans to sell the painting right now, Collins said. The painting hangs on the second floor of the Fleming and is one of the most valuable works on display at the small museum. "Babysitter" attracts a fair number of fans already and the auction news out of New York might expand local interest in the painting, Fleming Museum Director Janie Cohen said. "For people who've never seen a Rockwell, it may bring first timers in to take a look at it." The provenance of the painting makes it especially valuable to the local community, Cohen said. "I think we're really, really fortunate to be stewarding it. Taking care of it." Copyright 2014 USATODAY.comRead the original story: Value of Rockwell painting re-examined in Vermont Reports differ on Blackburn running for president Humboldt's Bradford commits to East Tennessee State, will join South Side product Merriweather there IRS, Postal Service share tax-filing tips Rockwell's painting 'The Babysitter' hangs at the University of Vermont's Fleming Museum. 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April 1, 2010 / Island History Jamestown Historical Society News By Rosemary Enright The Conanicut Battery Historic Park will have a new trail this summer. Dillon Walsh and Nathan Hopkins planned, cleared and marked the trail as their Eagle Scout projects. The trail starts at the northeast corner of the parking lot, heading north. More... This week in Island history Week of April 1 Compiled by Sue Maden The news of 10 and 15 years ago is from the Jamestown Press. The news of 100 years ago came from the collection of the Newport Historical Society. 100 years ago From the Newport Journal, April 2, 1910 More...	2014-15/0022/en_head.json.gz/6191	{"url": "http://www.jamestownpress.com/news/2010-04-01/Island_History/", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.jamestownpress.com", "date_download": "2014-04-16T07:35:49Z", "digest": "sha1:GAWBPBL4ASJ4STYPEVZBPMYRVCKCUPSF"}	{"ccnet_length": [[0, 615, 615.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 615, 1479.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 615, 3.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 615, 49.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 615, 0.91]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 615, 324.8]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 615, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 615, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 615, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 615, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 615, 0.24369748]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 615, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 615, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 615, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 615, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 615, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 615, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 615, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 615, 0.04878049]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 615, 0.03658537]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 615, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 615, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 615, 0.66666667]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 615, 0.18487395]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 615, 0.62264151]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 615, 4.64150943]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 615, 0.01680672]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 615, 3.96409543]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 615, 106.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 31, 0.0], [31, 341, 1.0], [341, 615, 1.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 31, 0.0], [31, 341, 0.0], [341, 615, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 31, 5.0], [31, 341, 49.0], [341, 615, 52.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 31, 0.18518519], [31, 341, 0.0], [341, 615, 0.05992509]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 31, 0.0], [31, 341, 0.0], [341, 615, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 31, 0.09677419], [31, 341, 0.06451613], [341, 615, 0.06934307]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 615, 4.84e-05]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 615, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 615, 0.79425567]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 615, -51.07126459]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 615, -10.20917807]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 615, -1.74052462]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 615, 7.0]], "is_duplicate": false}
Jean VoyneVenne Venne… Birth about 1657 16 12 - FranceDeath April 10, 1736 (Age 79) - L'Assomption, Quebec, Canada 12 yearsmother Francoise Beauchamp Birth March 30, 1669 33 31 - Montreal Quebec, CanadaDeath April 16, 1723 (Age 54) - Pt-aux-trembles, Montreal, Quebec, Canada Marriage: June 25, 1685 -- Pointe-aux-Trembles, Montreal, Quebec, Canada 2 years#1sister Marie Venne Birth August 14, 1687 30 18 - Pt-aux-trembles, Montreal, Quebec, Canada Marguerite Venne Birth November 20, 1689 32 20 - Pt-aux-trembles, Montreal, Quebec, Canada Jacques Venne Birth April 7, 1692 35 23 - Pointe-Aux-Trembles, Montreal, Quebec, CanadaDeath March 12, 1761 (Age 68) - L'Assomption, L"Assomption, Quebec, Canada Jean Baptiste Venne Birth December 6, 1694 37 25 - Pt-aux-trembles, Montreal, Quebec, Canada Joseph Venne Birth September 14, 1697 40 28 - Pt-aux-trembles, Montreal, Quebec, Canada Jean Venne Birth January 1, 1700 43 30 - Pt-aux-trembles, Montreal, Quebec, Canada Pierre Venne Birth February 3, 1702 45 32 - Pt-aux-trembles, Montreal, Quebec, Canada Francois Venne Birth September 21, 1704 47 35 - Pt-aux-trembles, Montreal, Quebec, CanadaDeath May 27, 1720 (Age 15) - Pt-aux-trembles, Montreal, Quebec, Canada Anne Therese Venne Birth February 19, 1707 50 37 - Pt-aux-trembles, Montreal, Quebec, CanadaDeath August 30, 1723 (Age 16) - Pt-aux-trembles, Montreal, Quebec, Canada Marie Madeleine Venne Birth July 3, 1709 52 40 - Pt-aux-trembles, Montreal, Quebec, Canada Catherine Venne Birth May 17, 1712 55 43 - Pt-aux-trembles, Montreal, Quebec, CanadaDeath May 21, 1712 (Age 4 days) - Pt-aux-trembles, Montreal, Quebec, Canada Father's Family with Marguerite Beaujean - View Family father 7 yearsstep-mother Marguerite Beaujean Birth August 20, 1663 - Montreal Quebec, CanadaDeath February 15, 1680 (Age 16) - Pt-aux-trembles, Montreal, Quebec, Canada Marriage: November 15, 1677 -- Montreal Quebec, Canada 15 months#1half-brother Birth February 20, 1679 22 15 - Pt-aux-trembles, Montreal, Quebec, CanadaDeath February 21, 1679 (Age 1 day) - Pt-aux-trembles, Montreal, Quebec, Canada 1 year#2half-sister Barbe Venne Birth February 14, 1680 23 16 - Pt-aux-trembles, Montreal, Quebec, CanadaDeath March 2, 1680 (Age 17 days) - Pt-aux-trembles, Montreal, Quebec, Canada Show all sources Extra informationHit Count: 6Family navigatorFamily with parents fatherJean VoyneVenne Venne…1657–1736 motherFrancoise Beauchamp1669–1723 sisterMarie Venne1687– sisterMarguerite Venne1689– brotherJacques Venne1692–1761 brotherJean Baptiste Venne1694– brotherJoseph Venne1697– brotherJean Venne1700– brotherPierre Venne1702–Francois Venne1704–1720 sisterAnne Therese Venne1707–1723 sisterMarie Madeleine Venne1709– sisterCatherine Venne1712–1712Father's Family with Marguerite BeaujeanfatherJean VoyneVenne Venne…1657–1736step-motherMarguerite Beaujean1663–1680half-brotherJean Venne1679–1679half-sisterBarbe Venne1680–1680Descendants Francois Venne (1704–1720) Individual listA B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z _ - ? . " ( … None Family listA B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z _ - ? . 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MHI targets U.S. to double rocket unit sales Bloomberg Jun 7, 2012 Article history Online: Jun 07, 2012 Print: Jun 07, 2012 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd. said it will boost sales of rocket parts sales to companies in the United States, aiming to more than double revenue at its space unit. MHI, which launched its first commercial satellite last month, plans to increase sales to ¥100 billion in the next 10 years from about ¥50 billion at present, according to Shoichiro Asada, head of the firm’s space systems operations. The company will increase sales of engine parts and tanks for the Delta and Atlas launch vehicles of United Launch Alliance LLC, a Boeing Co.-Lockheed Martin Corp. venture. The major maker of trains, ships and planes is also seeking to launch more commercial satellites to compete with Europe’s Ariane and Russia’s Proton rocket systems to pare reliance on Japan government contracts. “We can’t boost sales that much with just the space launch system,” Asada said recently in Tokyo. “We’re aiming to sell more parts for Delta (rockets). They focus more on state contracts rather than commercial satellites and are more reliable.” MHI’s aerospace systems unit, which oversees its space business, racked up sales of ¥495 billion in the year that ended March 31. The group, whose consolidated sales amounted to around ¥2.8 trillion in fiscal 2011, is predicting net income of ¥40 billion in the current year on sales of ¥3 trillion. The firm was tasked with launching Japan’s H-II rockets in 2007 and since then has sent as many as three rockets per year into space. On May 18, it put a Korea Aerospace Research Institute satellite into orbit alongside a Japanese satellite. MHI plans to launch about four satellites a year, mostly government, but is looking to land another commercial contract from an Asian country by 2015, Asada said. The firm, which makes a profit on launches for the Japanese government, has asked the nation to provide financial support for its commercial launches. “We’re looking for countries that don’t have any satellites at the moment,” said Asada, its space systems chief. “We’re interested in Mongolia and several other countries, but we need backup from the government.” The cost of launching satellites from Japan has increased in both dollar and euro terms because of the strong yen — which soared 45 percent against the dollar to around ¥77 in the four years to the end of 2011 — making domestic sites uncompetitive costwise, Asada said. “We used to be able to compete against (Russia’s) Proton when the yen was at ¥105,” he said. “The H-II can’t compete with it at the moment.” The Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency is designing a next-generation rocket to help cut launch costs, its website said.	2014-15/0022/en_head.json.gz/6193	{"url": "http://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2012/06/07/news/mhi-targets-u-s-to-double-rocket-unit-sales/", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.japantimes.co.jp", "date_download": "2014-04-16T09:02:10Z", "digest": "sha1:POE7BLWJ7L2PRCSHWOZCFIA34IEIX2KF"}	{"ccnet_length": [[0, 2757, 2757.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 2757, 5098.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 2757, 15.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 2757, 196.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 2757, 0.94]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 2757, 253.3]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 2757, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 2757, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 2757, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 2757, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 2757, 0.35460993]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 2757, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 2757, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 2757, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 2757, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 2757, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 2757, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 2757, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 2757, 0.01118068]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 2757, 0.01610018]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 2757, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 2757, 0.01950355]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 2757, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 2757, 0.19680851]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 2757, 0.52173913]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 2757, 4.86086957]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 2757, 0.0]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 2757, 5.0962772]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 2757, 460.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 45, 0.0], [45, 83, 0.0], [83, 104, 0.0], [104, 124, 0.0], [124, 293, 1.0], [293, 527, 1.0], [527, 912, 1.0], [912, 1157, 1.0], [1157, 1457, 1.0], [1457, 1699, 1.0], [1699, 2013, 1.0], [2013, 2226, 1.0], [2226, 2496, 1.0], [2496, 2637, 1.0], [2637, 2757, 1.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 45, 0.0], [45, 83, 0.0], [83, 104, 0.0], [104, 124, 0.0], [124, 293, 0.0], [293, 527, 0.0], [527, 912, 0.0], [912, 1157, 0.0], [1157, 1457, 0.0], [1457, 1699, 0.0], [1699, 2013, 0.0], [2013, 2226, 0.0], [2226, 2496, 0.0], [2496, 2637, 0.0], [2637, 2757, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 45, 8.0], [45, 83, 6.0], [83, 104, 4.0], [104, 124, 4.0], [124, 293, 29.0], [293, 527, 38.0], [527, 912, 61.0], [912, 1157, 40.0], [1157, 1457, 51.0], [1457, 1699, 42.0], [1699, 2013, 51.0], [2013, 2226, 33.0], [2226, 2496, 48.0], [2496, 2637, 27.0], [2637, 2757, 18.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 45, 0.0], [45, 83, 0.13888889], [83, 104, 0.33333333], [104, 124, 0.35294118], [124, 293, 0.0], [293, 527, 0.03070175], [527, 912, 0.0], [912, 1157, 0.0], [1157, 1457, 0.04794521], [1457, 1699, 0.02531646], [1699, 2013, 0.0130719], [2013, 2226, 0.0], [2226, 2496, 0.02996255], [2496, 2637, 0.02238806], [2637, 2757, 0.0]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 45, 0.0], [45, 83, 0.0], [83, 104, 0.0], [104, 124, 0.0], [124, 293, 0.0], [293, 527, 0.0], [527, 912, 0.0], [912, 1157, 0.0], [1157, 1457, 0.0], [1457, 1699, 0.0], [1699, 2013, 0.0], [2013, 2226, 0.0], [2226, 2496, 0.0], [2496, 2637, 0.0], [2637, 2757, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 45, 0.11111111], [45, 83, 0.07894737], [83, 104, 0.0952381], [104, 124, 0.1], [124, 293, 0.03550296], [293, 527, 0.02136752], [527, 912, 0.05194805], [912, 1157, 0.0244898], [1157, 1457, 0.01666667], [1457, 1699, 0.04958678], [1699, 2013, 0.02229299], [2013, 2226, 0.01877934], [2226, 2496, 0.01111111], [2496, 2637, 0.04964539], [2637, 2757, 0.04166667]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 2757, 0.92637986]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 2757, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 2757, 0.96338779]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 2757, -194.96937164]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 2757, 96.314377]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 2757, -85.03997682]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 2757, 25.0]], "is_duplicate": false}
Fourth Row Center: Film Writings by Jason Bailey On DVD: "Fashion in Film" On one hand, the Starz documentary Fashion in Film is pretty lightweight, barely scratching the surface and ticking off names and showing a smattering of clips. On the other hand, it concerns the intersection of two pretty shallow industries, so perhaps they’re getting the treatment they deserve. The concept is worth examination, though; fashion and film have a rich shared history, each one influencing and feeding off the other, functioning in both a complementary and competitive way. The short (less than an hour) doc utilizes clips from films, red carpets, and cat walks, with commentary by a variety of interview subjects—models and actors, directors (well, Brett Ratner), film and fashion designers, historians, even store buyers. It’s decently constructed, using loosely defined sections to convey the history and future of the intertwining beasts.“Fashion vs. Costume” examines the job of the costume designer, and how they can use high fashion in costume design. The expected examples are trotted out (The Devil Wears Prada, 27 Dresses, Legally Blonde), but some interesting points are made about the idea of the makeover/transformation—it’s a tool of storytelling shorthand in movies, but it’s often the entire message of the fashion industry (wear these clothes, and you’re a whole other person!). So when Anne Hathaway struts a killer outfit in Devil, it’s also savvy product placement for the designers who furnish those outfits; "I want to wear that and make that transformation too!" says the viewer. “Most people don’t watch fashion shows, they watch movies,” notes writer Ramin Setoodeh, “and movies are like long fashion shows.”“Reel to Retail” takes a look at how movies (and stars' red carpet choices) influence what consumers choose to wear. The film uses, as an example, the classic green dress worn by Keira Knightley in Atonement, following it all the way to streamlined operations like Faviana, who make a specialty of replicating film fashions. Less obvious examples (like the films of Wes Anderson) are mentioned, leading nicely into the history of the “Stars of Style” section. In this (the film’s best segment), fashion icons are profiled—Katherine Hepburn, James Dean, Marlon Brando, and, of course Audrey Hepburn (specifically her iconic turn in Breakfast at Tiffany’s). We then breeze through the decades with the expected stops along the way: Faye Dunaway in Bonnie and Clyde, Diane Keaton in Annie Hall, Jennifer Beals (who is interviewed) in Flashdance (Starz apparently couldn’t get the rights to “Maniac,” so a terrible sound-alike song is used during those clips), Travolta in Saturday Night Fever, Madonna in Desperately Seeking Susan, and everyone in Clueless. A couple of these are a stretch (Madonna clearly brought her own look, already established in her music videos, to Susan), but it’s still a fun segment. The next section, “Big Screen Boutique,” takes a closer look at the business end of the relationship—the influence of a show (and film) like Sex in the City, which is a buffet of branding and product placement; the fashion designers (like Armani and Gaultier) who do film work; and the rising value (in payments to actors and actresses) of wearing certain designers on the red carpet, a move which has led directly to the fall of the supermodel (“Kate Winslet is a lot more relatable on a magazine cover… we feel like we know her”). This leads into the final section, “Hollywood Glamour,” which follows this concept to its next logical step: celebs extending the idea of “branding” into creating clothing lines of their own. Fashion in Film is a light, throwaway hour; it’s pretty well-put together, though the brief length means that many of the interesting themes are merely touched on (particularly the history section). It’s not quite as comprehensive or captivating as some of the other Starz docs (many of which sent me out to Netflix the films mentioned within), but it’s decent junk food."Fashion in Film" is currently available on DVD. fashion in film In Theaters: "The Limits of Control" Jim Jarmusch has never been the most accommodating of directors, but he’s really gone off the reservation with his new film, The Limits of Control. Oh, he’s made films that were obtuse, or alienating. But he’s never made one this self-defeatingly dull. It begins strongly enough, with a series of short, crisp, deliberate images, and there’s some promise in its opening passages, even if you do wonder exactly how long it can get by on cool music, striking visuals, and the chiseled features of star Issach De Bankole. Jarmusch apparently thinks that’ll do for 116 minutes. You keep waiting for the movie to start, and then it’s over.Here’s what happens: The “Lone Man” (De Bankole) goes somewhere, via a plane or a train. He checks into a hotel. He meditates. He then meets a contact, who greets him by saying “You don’t speak Spanish, right?” They proceed to either spout New Age-y non-sequiturs at him, or give him oblique instructions followed by New Age-y non-sequiturs. They exchange boxes of matches, he reads a note inside the box, he eats the note, and then he gets on the next plane or train, and the whole thing starts over again. This happens like ten times, and then he goes to kill Bill Murray, and then we can go home. What the hell is Jarmusch up to here? He gives us nothing (no names, no motivations, no characterizations), aside from the most inactive action movie of all time—which is something, I suppose. Occasionally people we know pop up, and we hope something will happen, but we’re wrong. They’re like guest stars that come by to play the same tired scene and fail at drumming up some interest. Tilda Swinton turns up in a trenchcoat, cowboy hat, white fright wig, and clear umbrella, and our hearts sink, because when you give someone a costume that odd and elaborate, it’s because they don’t have a character to play so you have to give them something—for them to do, and for us to latch on to. It’s the only way we remember anyone; she’s the cowboy hat lady, he’s the Mexican guy, she’s the naked lady, etc. It doesn’t help that Jarmusch has everyone utilize the same kind of odd, flat, disaffected line readings; the only actors to make any impression whatsoever are Murray and John Hurt, and they’ve each got two to three minutes of screen time. The monotony, meanwhile, is downright numbing; when De Bankole changes his suit a third of the way in, we’re so itchy for something to happen, it plays like a seismic event. By the time the film crawled into its third act, I was honestly wondering if Jarmusch just wanted an excuse to go to Spain, so he pounded out a script on a rainy Sunday. It’s full of irritating repetition and inexplicable moments; in one of the endless parade of café scenes, Swinton starts talking about old movies, and says “Sometimes in films, I like it when people just sit there, not saying anything,” so of course they then have to do that for a while; it’s an embarrassingly obvious and phony beat in a picture full of them. Much of it is the kind of self-consciously “arty” cinema that keeps regular filmgoers out of the art houses. “Everything is imaginary,” poor Gael Garcia Bernal has to say, “I think this reflection is more present than I am.” This is the kind of junk that first-year philosophy students say when they’re stoned and trying to sound like deep thinkers. It would seem it’s easier to make a film full of pseudo-metaphysical epigrams than to construct a smart, well-structured narrative with some snap and something for an audience to engage in. It is worth noting that the cinematography, by the great Christopher Doyle, is just lovely—the color is smashing, from the blood red elevator to de Bankole’s cool blue suit. Likewise, the music has to do much of the heavy lifting, and the cues are perfect. But it’s at the service of nothing. I was excited about The Limits of Control; in his last two features (Ghost Dog and Broken Flowers), Jarmusch really seemed to be on to something, bringing his distinctive, off-kilter style to traditional stories and making something fresh and new. I liked that the trailer didn’t give the whole film away, as so many trailers do. I showed that trailer to my wife, who said, “It looks interesting. What’s it about?” I told her I didn’t know. Come to find out, neither does Jarmusch."The Limits of Control" is currently in theaters. bill murray, jim jarmusch, limits of control, On VOD: "The Girlfriend Experience" It’s been twenty long years since Steven Soderbergh took Cannes by storm and proved that independent films could make money with his debut feature, sex, lies, and videotape. That loaded title, with all of its scandalous implications, played no small part in the film’s buzz; those who bought a ticket, however, would be disappointed to learn that it wasn’t really about sex at all, but about intimacy and honesty.The casting of hardcore star Sasha Grey in the leading role of Soderbergh’s new picture The Girlfriend Experience is the 2009 equivalent of that dirty title; it promises more raunch than the movie itself delivers. It, too, is about intimacy and honesty. But the director isn’t repeating himself; much as Scorsese did with The Departed, Soderbergh is making a film that is, in many ways, a culmination of his recurring themes and unique style, and is also something altogether new.From the opening moments (an intriguing montage of ambient music and striking visuals), we’re watching a mature, accomplished filmmaker who is in absolute control of his material. His confidence and maturity have never been clearer—nor has his efficiency (The Girlfriend Experience clocks in at a brisk 77 minutes, in a stark contrast to his last picture, the two-part, four-plus-hour Che). And the damn thing is just beautifully shot; using the Red high-def video camera, Soderbergh (lensing under his usual pseudonym, Peter Andrews) creates a series of elegantly composed tableaux; he seldom moves his camera for effect, so when he does, it actually means something.And yes, it stars a porn star. I’m not sure what exactly the director saw in Grey that made him think she could carry a real drama (something not really hinted at in any of her, ahem, other work). Whatever the reason, his risk pays off big. It’s not stunt casting; she’s terrific, incredibly natural, altogether believable, and this is not a lightweight role. It could just be that old saw about everyone being capable of one great performance (playing themselves), but I doubt it; this is an actor, and a good one. Grey stars as Chelsea, a high-priced Manhattan call girl. We’re introduced to her when she’s on a date; after many of these dates are seen, we hear a voice-over of her taking a quick and businesslike inventory of what she wore, what they did, and whether another date was made. We also meet her live-in boyfriend Chris (Chris Santos), who works as a personal trainer and seems to be okay with what she does, provided she doesn’t break their rules. No prizes for guessing if she does. It seems strange to relate the plot as if it’s some sort of linear narrative; it minimizes the experience of the film. Screenwriters Brian Koppelman and David Levien (who, improbably, also penned Soderbergh’s Ocean’s 13) and editor Mary Ann Bernard (whoops, that’s another Soderbergh alias) scissor the story into shreds, hopscotching around in the timeline, the cuts drawn organically from key words or ideas. They’re shaking up the form here; a fairly standard narrative is being told, but in an unexpected and unpredictable way. As a result, we don’t see the familiar gears of the three-act structure grinding, the strings being pulled; they take the air out of the mechanics of the plot, and manage to skip some of the triter scenes altogether, since we’re not seeing things in order so we can fill in the gaps. If all of this sounds disorienting, fear not. Yes, there are stretches (particularly towards the beginning) where you’re not quite sure what’s going on and what Soderbergh is up to. But even when you’re in the woods a little, the film always keeps your attention, and the pieces ultimately come together beautifully. Soderbergh’s 1999 effort The Limey was much the same way; the editing of that film was even more jagged, but in its own quiet way, the cutting was a revelation that, frankly, I expected to literally change the way we made movies, or at least the way Soderbergh made them. I ended up being wrong on both counts until now—The Girlfriend Experience is the closest film he’s made to that one, stylistically, in the decade hence. But again, this film is its own beast. That said, it continues his tradition of subverting expectations and making films that are boldly, and sometimes inaccessibly, experimental. Previous projects in that vein (Full Frontal, Solaris, Bubble) have met with everything from indifference to outright hostility, and if you didn’t like those, you won’t like this one either. You’ve been warned. "The Girlfriend Experience" is currently available for download on Amazon. It will be released to theaters later this month. girlfriend experience, soderbergh, On DVD: "JCVD" JCVD is Being John Malkovich for kickboxing fans, a cleverly stylish and scrappily well-done slice of meta-moviemaking that causes us to rethink Jean-Claude Van Damme, a screen presence who most haven’t considered in any terms for the better part of a decade. Few could more reliably open a movie in the early-to-mid 1990s, but Van Damme has fallen out of favor recently, with most of his films taking a quick (and deserved) path directly to DVD.Van Damme plays “Jean-Claude Van Damme,” and surmising as to how much of the character is autobiography is one of the voyeuristic pleasures of the film. To be sure, this is not a vanity project—this Van Damme is a washed-up, past-his-prime action star who can’t get a decent job anymore. He’s lost a custody battle with one of his many former wives, and he seems forever stuck in straight-to-DVD hell. He returns to Brussels to try to get his life back together, but a banking errand finds him inadvertently walking into a robbery in progress—and when police misinterpret him as the ringleader, the whole thing turns into a bit of a circus. Inside the bank, however, Van Damme the action star is faced with a crisis in real life, and the dichotomy between the on-screen hero and the flesh-and-blood man provides further fodder for this surprisingly thoughtful and entertaining picture. It sounds like a crackpot idea, but it somehow works—and not just as a joke or a gimmick. Now, it works on those levels too; Van Damme is admirably game and clearly has a sense of humor about himself, as evidenced by the self-referential material (including a running joke about him losing a role to Steven Seagal, who was willing to cut off his ponytail). And the idea of an action star sending himself up is a good one, though clearly not enough to sustain a film by itself (see Last Action Hero or Sidekicks—or, better yet, don’t). But JCVD also stands on its own two feet as a smart and engaging indie flick. It is, first and foremost, a cool-looking film; director Mabrouk El Mechri has a terrific visual sense, and cinematographer Pierre-Yves Bastard (yep, that’s his real name) uses a blown-out, bleached-film look (complimented by hot pools of white light) to give the film a distinctive feel. Mechris’ compositions and camera choreography are equally impressive—particularly in the opening sequence, an action sequence in a single unbroken shot that is both thrilling (for the gymnastics of both Van Damme and the camera) and hilarious (in a nice extra layer of story set-up, the low-budget film-within-the-film that it’s part of is just a little off, with some badly staged punches, overdone foley work, and extras just a beat or two too late). Mechri also (wisely) chooses not to cut during Van Damme’s finest acting moment, a brutally honest monologue, straight into camera, that serves as not only an effective kick into the third act (establishing, as it does, some real stakes and therefore genuine suspense and interest), but as a forceful poke in the eye to an industry that may have been underestimating the big lunk. This is a honest-to-God performance (in spite of the autobiographical overtones), and should be respected and acknowledged as such; clearly more comfortable speaking in his native tongue, Van Damme is likable, believable, and surprisingly sympathetic and charismatic. Supporting performances are serviceable, while the screenplay (by Mechri, Frederic Benudis, and Christophe Turpin) is ingeniously constructed, and helped along by Gast Waltzing’s terrific 70s-style score. JCVD isn’t Oscar fodder, but it is a lot of fun—a decent little no-frills action movie that may pump a shot of adrenaline into a career that we, perhaps unfairly, had written off.I originally saw JCVD in the theater, and I can report that it holds up—perhaps even improves—on second viewing. With the giggle-factor of Van Damme’s self-parodying performance out of the way, I was able to better appreciate the skill with which Mechri assembles this most unorthodox indie action/comedy. It’s a smart, funny, inventive and unexpected flick."JCVD" is available now on DVD and Blu-ray. JCVD, In Theaters: "Outrage" Documentarian Kirby Dick is a rabble-rouser, and an unapologetic one. His last film, the ridiculously entertaining 2006 nose-thumber This Film Is Not Yet Rated, was an exposé of the hypocrisy and lack of transparency in the MPAA rating system, and included the disclosure of the secret members of that organization’s ratings board. He goes a step further in his new film, Outrage (or, as it is cleverly designed in the title sequence, Out Rage), which freely and openly discusses the rumors of homosexuality that have long swirled around several prominent lawmakers.Those disclosures are certainly what will get the most attention in the coverage of Outrage, but the movie is about much, much more than that. Dick sets the stakes high at the beginning of the film, when he (or the text on his screen, anyway) alleges a “brilliantly orchestrated conspiracy” that has kept gay lawmakers in the closet and has kept the media from investigating why it is that the very same men who are reportedly in the closet work so very hard to advance the anti-gay agenda. “There is a right to privacy,” notes openly gay Representative Barney Frank early in the film, “but not a right to hypocrisy.”The jumping-off point for Dick is the 2006 arrest of Larry Craig (his interrogation tape audio is brilliantly used in the film’s opening credits). The director digs up news footage of Craig vehemently defending his heterosexuality during the House Ethics Committee’s 1982 investigation of Congressional sex scandals and takes a good, close look at his voting record on hot-button gay rights legislation. Other recent politicians that come under Dick’s microscope include Florida governor Charlie Crist, Virginia representative Ed Schrock, California representative David Dreier, and Louisiana representative Jim McCrery (though surprisingly, disgraced Florida representative Mark Foley is only mentioned in passing).Dick doesn’t just focus on current politicos, however; for context, he dips clear back to Roy Cohn and profiles NCPAC co-founder and chairman Terry Dolan, a closeted gay man who died from AIDS complications, though he openly criticized the gay rights movement and discouraged the Reagan administration (to which he was closely tied) from showing any acknowledgment of the disease. “That closet can kill people,” one of his critics in the film notes, “and it has.” Former New York City mayor Ed Koch comes under some of the same scrutiny; his rumored relationship with Richard Nathan is here confirmed by a mutual friend, and activist Larry Kramer alleges that Koch’s own fears about being outed prevented him from confronting New York’s AIDS epidemic during his time in office.“Everyone loves a good outing,” notes a commentator in the film, and while this is probably true (these allegations and the examination of them is fascinating), Dick doesn’t make light of what he’s doing. He spends a good deal of the film with Mike Rogers, the blogger who has investigated and outed several of these politicians, and gives voice to those who object to this practice. And Dick isn’t just making a gossipy whisper-fest. He doesn’t short the themes of sexual identity and the importance of coming to terms with one’s own self—particularly when denying that can hurt so many others. It is here that the participation of former New Jersey governor Jim McGreevy is so valuable; he talks about living a double-life and draws parallels to the “spinning” of politics and of one’s own personal life. Dick ingeniously intercuts this with particularly potent interviews and news images of Governor Crist and his campaign girlfriend (she doesn’t go on camera, but her off-camera statement about Dick’s line of inquiry is quite the bombshell).Dick also floats the compelling argument that voting against gay issues is, for these closeted politicians, analogous to joining in on gay bashings as a young man. That guilt, and the burden of carrying around that kind of psychological weight, clearly took a toll on former Arizona representative Jim Kolbe; his story, and the footage of his speech on the House floor condemning the Federal Marriage Amendment, provide a surprisingly emotional climax for the film. Outrage is beautifully constructed; the director-as-investigator motif used (more literally) in This Film serves Dick well again, particularly when he tracks down the (seemingly credible) sources for many of the rumors. Archival footage, stills, and interviews are convincingly assembled to make Dick’s case, which becomes more persuasive and bitter as the film draws to a close. It’s not as much ballsy fun as This Film, primarily because the more serious subject matter doesn’t allow as many opportunities for snarky bomb-tossing (though I could all but hear Dick rubbing his hands gleefully as he uses the on-screen text “Now, here’s where it gets interesting” in a key moment). But this is a more important film—it’s funny, yes, but it’s also angrier and timelier, and with a vital, imperative story to tell. "Outrage" opens in limited release on Friday, May 8. kirby dick, outrage, In Theaters: "Rudo y Cursi" Rudo Y Cursi is a reunion, of sorts; it co-stars Gael Garcia Bernal and Diego Luna, who previously shared the screen in Y Tu Mama Tambien, and it is directed by Carlos Cuarón, who co-wrote that film with its director, his brother Alfonso. For much of its running time, it shares much of that film’s off-the-cuff energy and charm, complimenting its sharp screenplay with the same kind of intimate, subtly handheld photography that helped give that film its immediacy. And then it all falls apart. Bernal and Luna play the title characters, two brothers from a poor Mexican village who work as banana farmers and play soccer in their free time. One day, a talent scout (Guillermo Francella) rolls through town, sees the pair play, and offers to take one of them back to Mexico City with him to try out for the pros. There’s a bit of bad blood between them over which one gets to go, but soon they’re both making their way in the big-time world of professional soccer. The first hour or so of Rudo Y Cursi has a terrific momentum; it’s beautifully paced, the scenes zip by, and the performances are just right. Bernal and Luna have the bitter sibling rivalry thing down pat—one wonders if their off-screen relationship has helped color the history of these two men. Cuarón’s screenplay develops stark contrasts between the pair and rides them out. Rudo (Luna) is high-strung, bitter, frequently angry, while Cursi (Bernal) is more of a carefree, childlike innocent. He doesn’t even really want to play soccer—his heart is in music, and one of the film’s most inspired comic sequences comes after he’s become a soccer superstar and has the cachet to make a record: a cheeseball Tejano cover of Cheap Trick’s “I Want You To Want Me,” complete with a lousy, poorly made music video. That’s a funny idea, although it’s subsequently trotted out two more times, and nothing’s worse than a good joke told too often. As the brothers become more rich and famous, a few cliché beats start to creep in—drugs, gambling, women, and other distractions—but, at first anyway, they’re played with freshness and spontaneity, and we don’t lose hope for the picture. The trouble comes around the top of the third act, when Cuarón takes an unsuccessful turn on his material and starts to take it too seriously. You see, Rudo is deep in gambling debt—so deep that he’s weighing an offer to throw an important match. And guess who’s playing against him in that match? Cursi, who has let a recent heartbreak throw him into a losing streak. It’s his last chance for a comeback! The whole thing is too damned contrived, and it’s at this point that we start to realize that the script is building up quite a pile of worn-out sports movie devices. Rudo Y Cursi starts out as such a unique and quirky movie, it’s hard to believe that it degenerates into a story that is resolved with not just a Big Game, but the final Big Play at the Big Game. Cuarón is doing clever things right up through this miserable cliché of an ending (and even in the somewhat unexpected beats that follow), but it’s become a final Big Play at the Big Game movie nonetheless, and you can’t steer out of that. It’s disappointing when a movie with this much talent involved doesn’t land, when it gives itself over to ancient, rusty storytelling conventions, because when they allowed themselves the leeway to tell a story and have some fun, they were really on to something. "Rudo Y Cursi" opens in limited release on Friday, May 8. Alfonso Cuarón, Carlos Cuarón, Diego Luna, Gael Garcia Bernal, rudo y cursi, On DVD: "Frost/Nixon: The Complete Invterviews" David Frost’s 1977 interviews with former President Richard Nixon were, at one time, merely the most viewed (and arguably most important) political interview in history. These days, they’re a cottage industry. Writer Peter Morgan dramatized the interviews (and the events leading up to them) in his brilliant play Frost/Nixon, which had successful and critically acclaimed runs in London and on Broadway. The play featured Michael Sheen as Frost and Frank Langella as Nixon; both men reprised their stage roles for Ron Howard’s excellent film adaptation last year. Sometime in between, Frost published a book (with the same title) of his reflections on the events, while Vivendi Entertainment hurried out a DVD of the Watergate portion of the interview, timed to coincide with Frost/Nixon’s theatrical release. Now, as the film hits DVD, Vivendi has gone back to the well and released the full, six-plus hours as Frost/Nixon: The Complete Interviews.Even that title is a bit of a misnomer, since 28 hours of interviews were filmed in March of ’77; what they mean is that these two discs present the full six-plus hours that were broadcast as “The Nixon Interviews with David Frost.” They are presented in five parts, each tackling a different topic and running about 75 minutes (90 minutes minus commercials); the first four aired in May of that year, with a fifth assembly of additional material airing later.The first part is the most famous: “Watergate.” It begins with a 1982 introduction by Frost for a public television airing that year (the gloriously kitschy 70s graphics that follow are the only introduction for the other four parts). Frost the does some set-up, using a voice-over accompanying archival footage and photos, and then the interview begins.The entire series of chats were shot in the Monarch Bay, California home of Nixon supporters Mr. and Mrs. Harold H. Smith; the original hope was to shoot in Nixon’s San Clemente home, but nearby Coast Guard transmitters would have interfered with the television equipment. However, Mr. and Mrs. Smith appear to live somewhere near a major flight pattern; several times in each interview, the sound of commercial airplanes flying overhead can be clearly heard, sometimes to such a degree that Frost and Nixon raise their voices slightly to remain audible. That issue aside, it makes for a looser and more conversational environment than shooting in a conventional television studio.Part one begins with Frost suggesting a “blow-by-blow” account of the Watergate cover-up and all that it entails. Nixon is almost immediately on the defensive, explaining the difference between a “good” cover-up and a “bad” cover-up—you see, it’s only a cover-up if it’s covering up something illegal, and it’s only obstruction of justice if justice is successfully obstructed. Frost is at his absolute best in this segment, skillfully negotiating the spin of his formidable opponent, who refers to him, without sarcasm, as “the attorney for the prosecution.” For his part, Nixon certainly plays the part of the defense attorney, frequently adding in extra language and saying things like “I would argue that I meant…” as opposed to just saying “I meant.” Frost asks tough questions (“Why didn’t you stop it?”); Nixon mostly keeps his cool, changing uncomfortable subjects with pronouncements like “You’ve stated your conclusion, and I’ve stated my view. Now let’s get on with the rest of it.”The segment is fascinating on its own, even more so having seen the dramatization and having some knowledge of what was happening off-camera; at one point, my wife pointed at the screen and noted, “That’s the thing, that’s the breakthrough,” as seen in the play and film. That “breakthrough” is the moment where Frost reveals a heretofore unreported conversation between Nixon and Charles Colson about payoffs to Watergate burglar Howard Hunt; as Frost clicks off no less than sixteen different references to “the money,” the camera holds on the former President’s face, and then Nixon loses his shit. He’s clearly rattled and angry, and you see him try to make a joke in the moments afterwards because he realizes how he’s coming off. It’s an intense, dramatic moment.Even more remarkable is the closing section, where Frost all but implores Nixon to make the apology that the American people want and need. Throughout the interview, Nixon has made slight reference to “mistakes,” but Frost asks, “Would you go further than ‘mistakes’?” He leans forward in his chair, speaking openly and plainly to him. “I think that people hear it, and I think if you don’t say it, you’ll be haunted for the rest of your life.” Nixon’s “confession” is preceded by a litany of qualifiers and stutter-steps, but the words are there: “I let you down… I let the American people down. And I have to carry that burden with me for the rest of my life.” It’s an exhaustingly personal moment. This is riveting television.The remaining interviews can’t help but suffer in comparison to the tremendous emotion and power of that first part, and frankly, this might be the set’s only serious misstep. I understand why Frost and associates chose to air the Watergate segment first—it was the biggest draw, and since they were self-syndicating and taking a huge financial risk, they had to hook their audience right at the beginning. But both on-screen and (if Morgan’s writings are to be believed) off, the Watergate interview is the climax of the piece, and Nixon’s candor was quite possibly the result of the hours and hours of footage shot before it. To watch it first robs it of some of its considerable power. The only other warning about this piece (and the entire interview, really) is that it might not hurt to brush up on your history beforehand; Americans were so intimately familiar with the tiniest details of Watergate, with exactly who everyone was and what they did, that Frost and his producers didn’t need to bring them up to speed. Modern audiences, however, might need a quick refresher course.The second part of the interview, “Nixon and the World,” feels, in places, like what it is—an opportunity for Nixon to trumpet his considerable achievements as a world traveler and statesman in order to offset all that troublesome talk of Watergate and resignation. We see and hear about his trips to China, his visits with Mao, his dealings with Brezhnev (and comparisons of that Russian leader to Khruschev, his predecessor), his relations with Israel and Pakistan. This section does get a little “inside baseball,” and the viewer’s enjoyment and interest in it is, in all probability, directly proportional to the breadth and depth of said viewer’s knowledge of world affairs in that period.The former President, however, is at his best here. We sometimes sense him enjoying the dropping of names, but he does spin a good yarn; he’s a gifted storyteller (see his impressions of Mao and his decreasing health), a keen observer, and occasionally quite witty (as when he quotes The Godfather while talking about Israel). And, in some ways, he does what he wanted to do here; as we listen to his exhaustively detailed explanations for his strategies of international relations, he puts himself into an indisputably stronger light. Part two isn’t nearly as dramatic as part one, but it is quite valuable as an oral history from someone who was there; it also puts the Watergate interview into valuable context (both in terms of the presidency and the interview itself).Part three deals with “War at Home and Abroad,” and basically asks the key question of Vietnam: was it worth it? Nixon and Frost talk at great length about that war, and the specifically troubling elements of it (particularly the expansion into Cambodia). This is one of the few places in the final cut of the interviews where we see the discomfort and unpreparedness of Frost that is such a major element of the Frost/Nixon play and film; during the debate on Cambodia, Nixon cannily puts Frost on the defensive by questioning the skill of the reporter’s researchers (he says he’d “be very surprised” if they missed some facts he feels to be relevant “because you pay those fellows a lot of money”). It clearly rattles Frost; you see him squirm a little.He fires back by hitting harder in the second half of the program, particularly when Nixon tries to compare his Presidency to Lincoln’s during the Civil War (“the nation was torn apart, ideologically”), an analogy that Frost rightfully challenges. They discuss intelligence gathering against dissenters and protestors (the “Huston Plan”), which laid the seeds for black ops, burglaries, “the plumbers,” and the targeting of Daniel Ellsberg (who Nixon spitefully refers to as a “punk”). For all the vile territory that’s covered, Nixon is refreshingly honest about his own paranoia and temper—and how much of both are fueled by his personal insecurities (“there’s a love/hate complex in all of us,” he notes). But he doesn’t do his reputation any favors when he proclaims that protest and dissent prolonged the war—“had it not been for the division in America, the war would have ended one to two years sooner.” So he kept the war going out of, what, spite? It’s a sad commentary on Nixon’s legacy that this is a perfectly probable explanation.“The Final Days,” part four, deals with not only Watergate but some of the other ugly scandals of Nixon’s aborted second term, including the U.S.-supported Chilean coup d'état of 1973 and the investigation and resignation of Vice President Spiro Agnew (Nixon claims Agnew was singled out because he was a conservative and critical of the media). The interview’s juiciest segment is his bitter condemnation of the media—particularly Woodward and Bernstein, whom he never mentions by name. He takes a quick and bitchy dig at the duo in the Watergate interview; here, he dismisses them as “those who write history as fiction with third-hand knowledge,” calls their work “contemptible journalism,” and tries to blame their book The Final Days for his wife Pat’s stroke. I would imagine that he couldn’t have been the reporters’ biggest fan, but in snipping at them, the former President makes himself look, somehow, even more petty and small.The most interesting passages of the fourth interview come near its close, as he tells, in his own words, the famous story about praying with Kissinger and vividly recalls the day of his resignation. He also touches on being pardoned—how it happened, what it meant, and if it was a proper punishment for his admitted mistakes (“No one can know how it feels to resign the presidency. Is that enough? Probably not”).The final show, “The Last Roundup,” aired after the first four; in his introduction, Frost explains that “there was a great deal of material that we felt shouldn’t be excluded from the record” merely because it didn’t fit into the themes of the first four shows. It begins with a key moment from the Frost/Nixon film—the first question of the first day, “Why didn’t you burn the tapes?” We see, as portrayed in the film, how Nixon fillibusters here, but we also see him sweat. His attempt to explain away the 18 1/2 minute gap gets a lot of play here, as does an extended, slightly ridiculous conversation about the choice of Senator John C. Stennis to review the tapes (Stennis was “slightly deaf,” as Frost delights in saying more than once). This exchange leads to a priceless moment where Frost repeats a joke about Stennis; Nixon’s stone-faced reaction is worth the cost of the disc alone.Nixon also gets the chance to further grind his axe against the press (“The greatest concentration of power in the U.S. today… is in the media. And it’s too much”); when Frost asks him why he thinks the Eastern Establishment media was against him, he replies, “I’m not a very lovable man.” There are also intriguing discussions of how the China visit came to be, his thoughts on Russia, and his relationship with Kissinger; his story about John and Martha Mitchell is interesting, but an oddly anticlimactic choice to close out this epic interview.It may peak a little early, but Frost/Nixon: The Complete Interviews is a penetrating and important piece of television history. Well-shot (director Jørn Winther and his camera operators always seem to know when to push in slow for maximum effect) and seamlessly assembled, this is a fascinating portrait of one of our young nation’s most tragically flawed figures—and it’s an invaluable companion piece to Ron Howard’s terrific film. "Frost/Nixon: The Complete Interviews" is now available on DVD. Tribeca Wrap-Up So the award winners for this year’s Tribeca Film Festival have been announced, and keen prognosticator that I am, only one was part of my film going schedule. That one was Fixer: The Taking of Ajmal Naqshbandi, which won the Best New Documentary Filmmaker award for director Ian Olds. About Elly, an Iranian feature from director Asghar Farhadi, won the Best Narrative Feature award, while Marshall Curry’s Racing Dreams won Best Documentary Feature (Defamation, which also managed to sneak into my view, got a Special Jury Mention).Rune Denstad Langlo won the Best New Narrative Filmmaker award for North. Ciarán Hinds won Best Actor in a Narrative Feature Film for The Eclipse, while Zoe Kazan took Best Actress honors for The Exploding Girl. In the “New York Competition,” Darko Lungulov’s Here and There won Best New York Narrative, with Honorable Mention going to Entre nos; Danae Elon’s Partly Private won Best New York Documentary. Congratulations to all the winners; I guess I’ll see your movies in theatre and on video, when everybody else does. On reviewing the schedule, I see that I missed both Here and There and Racing Dreams so I could see Hysterical Psycho. Good call, Bailey.* * In spite of a few duds, I think this year’s festival was pretty well-programmed. There were the usual duds that seemed to have only been booked because they had stars in them (Stay Cool, for example), but clearly there were plenty of quality pictures unspooling (seeing’s how I at least liked nearly everything I saw, and I only saw about a third of the features).One of the pleasures of the fest was how there seemed to be thematic links between certain films; if you were into, say, New York art in the 70s and 80s, you could see an 80s art doc (Con Artist), a 70s and 80s punk rock doc (Burning Down The House: The Story of CBGB), a 70s and 80s punk film doc (Blank City), and a seminal New York indie film from the period (Variety). These were fun to watch as a group, to watch the various figures from each scene floating into the others (and therefore, into their documentaries).And a sidebar, I saw another common theme that was quite encouraging: brevity. It seems like I’m always complaining about films—even indies—that overstay their welcome; even some of the year’s good films, like State of Play or Observe and Report, are about ten minutes too long, minimum. At this festival, I only saw one film that ran over two hours and only a couple that topped 100 minutes; the average running time seemed to be an hour and a half, and I saw three that ran less than 80. It may sound like pure pragmatism, but as far as I’m concerned, there are not a lot of movies that are too short, and most movies I saw here were just about as long as they should have been. * As for the movies I did manage to see…. Well, here’s some thoughts:TOP FIVE FILMS OF THE TFF:1. The Girlfriend Experience. Soderbergh’s latest low-fi digital film was unexpectedly daring—not in terms of subject matter, but for its style and structure, which are unique and immensely rewarding. Plus, it’s fun to watch.2. Moon. Stylish, hypnotic, and memorable, Duncan Jones’ indie sci-fi mindmelt is thrillingly literate, often moving, and frequently funny.3. Outrage. My favorite documentary of the festival (and there were many, many good ones) was Kirby Dick’s incendiary examination of the closeted hypocrisy of secretly-gay lawmakers.4. In the Loop. Armando Iannucci’s delightfully smart British comedy (with the able, gleeful participation of James Gandolfini, Anna Chlumsky, and others) was a piercingly funny examination of modern-day politics on both sides of the pond.5. Playground. No film at the fest was tougher to watch than this disturbing, heartbreaking examination of the child sex trade in America.RUNNERS-UP: Other good films included PoliWood, Kobe Doin’ Work, American Casino, Blank City, Con Artist, Burning Down The House, Defamation, Departures, An Englishman in New York, Fixer, Queen To Play, and Vegas: Based on a True Story.WORST FILM OF THE TFF: Without question, Dan Fogler’s excerable Hysterical Psycho shouldn’t have seen the light of a DVD laser, much less the screens of a reputable film festival like this one.GREATISH PERFORMANCES: Sam Rockwell in Moon, Sasha Grey in The Girlfriend Experience, John Hurt in An Englishman in New York, Kevin Kline and Sandrine Bonnaire in Queen To Play, Bryan Greenberg in The Good Guy, Colin Firth and Kristen Scott-Thomas in Easy Virtue, Anna Chlumsky in In The Loop and The Good Guy, Peter Capaldi in In The Loop, Meg Ryan in Serious Moonlight, Hillary Duff in Stay Cool, Raymonde Amsalem in Seven Minutes in Heaven, Jonas Inde in The Swimsuit Issue, and Zach Thomas in Vegas: Based on a True Story.NOT-SO-GREATISH PERFORMANCES: Sean Astin in Stay Cool, Jessica Biehl in Easy Virtue, and the entire ensemble of Hysterical Psycho.I had a great time covering the festival, soaking up so many great films in such a short period of time; thanks again to John at DVD Talk for working to get me in the door, and all of the nice folks at Tribeca for putting this bad boy on. See ya next year! Tribeca Report No. 10 The opening sequence of Ducan Jones’ Moon sucks you right in; this is how you start a movie. The exposition is handled, quickly and efficiently, with a slick commercial for “Lunar Industries,” which has solved the energy crisis by harvesting an energy resource from the moon. We then go to their lunar base, manned by a single astronaut: Sam Bell (Sam Rockwell), who is at the tail-end of a three-year contract and counting the days. This opening is stylishly shot and powered by an intense, driving Clint Mansell score; I was all but bouncing in my seat with giddy enthusiasm. Thankfully, the film lives up to its promise. Moon is a rare sci-fi flick with a brain and a heart, and while some of it is clearly inspired by other material, director Jones spins this yarn into something unique and fresh and new and exhilarating. You give yourself over to it as it hurls intriguingly from one scene to the next, occasionally obtuse but never detached. Moon works as the best sci-fi does—by using technology and special effects and cool sets to compliment a genuine, thought-provoking, human narrative. Throughout Sam’s story, he is faced with questions about life and death and memory and the difficulties of his own personality; he sees things in himself that he doesn’t like. But what’s refreshing about the picture is that it’s got its head in the right place. To a degree, it apes the look and feel of a 2001, but without all that deadly solemnity. Moon is a film with a sense of humor; part of that is in the script, part of that is in the ingenious casting of Rockwell (an actor who can turn on a dime from good-natured goofball to morose manic-depressive), part of that is in the screenplay and direction, which are full of little throwaway asides that give the film a lived-in, grimy feel. The sparkly white uniforms are discolored and a little dirty; so is Rockwell’s brilliant performance. Some will complain that its tonal shifts could be smoother, that too much of the material is familiar from other films, or that the philosophical and psychological elements of the story are skimmed but not explored. Strangely, I was aware of those problems, but not bothered by them. Good films do that to you—things that might drive you mad in a film that isn’t working are forgivable, perhaps even enjoyable, in a film that does. I, for example, didn’t mind the cribbing from 2001 and Solaris and Outland and Alien—it’s a picture that knows its roots and knows our expectations, and sometimes (in the case of the HAL-ccenteric GERTY), Nathan Parker’s screenplay slyly subverts those expectations. That’s good storytelling, and Moon—involving, hypnotic, and altogether spellbinding—announces the arrival of a major new talent. * * Caroline Bottaro’s Queen to Play is a charmingly low-key seriocomic drama from France; its primary selling point here in the States is that it features Kevin Kline in, surprisingly enough, a French-speaking role. His character, Dr. Kröger, is one of those cranky, bleary-eyed professorial types that he’s played so well over the last few years. Our heroine, Hélène, cleans Kröger’s house, and she discovers his chess set on a shelf and asks him if he’ll teach her how to play. “Why does this game mean so much to you?” he asks. “I don’t know,” she replies, convincingly, but something in the way she says it captures him, and he begins to teach her the game. The extended chess metaphor is a little on the clumsy side, as those things go; she informs us that “The queen is the most powerful piece,” and you don’t need a masters in English lit to figure out what they’re driving at here. That complaint aside, Bottaro does a marvelous job of showing how her love of chess subtly but completely takes over Hélène’s life—one great shot reveals her mopping a floor that is covered in checkered floor tiles, and it’s not much of a leap for her to imagine that she’s on a giant chess board. The picture’s only possible trouble is with its pace; there are moments where it threatens to become a glacial French chamber piece, though Bottaro’s script is mostly too nimble for that. What it can’t manage to avoid is the idea that any film dealing with a sport (no matter what the sport) must end with a big competition of said sport; when Kröger suggests that Hélène enter an upcoming tournament, my soul died a little. This soon after Rudio y Cursi, was I about to see another distinctive indie bury itself in a painfully standard ending? And the tournament does feel like a construct, but you know what? It kind of works anyway. It’s undeniably involving and certainly helps pull the story towards a conclusion; perhaps it’s unfair to discount the third act just because it goes to a predictable place (after all, I reminded myself, Searching For Bobby Fischer—the greatest chess film ever—also, in fact, ends with a chess tournament). Queen to Play takes a bit too long to get going and drags periodically throughout. But it has some lovely scenes and charming performances, and its closing shots are really something. Posted by Follow Me! You'll Be Glad Ya Did! I started writing about films for a small monthly alternative rag in my hometown of Wichita, Kansas, back in 1998. This was primarily as a distraction while I was pursuing my own interests as a filmmaker. Now, over a decade later, I've written for alt-weeklies and several websites (including my current gig as film editor for Flavorwire), and I've found that I tend to enjoy writing about films more than I enjoy making them. Plus, it's faster! My best stuff (via Contently) My Flavorwire posts My Atlantic pieces My book (out NOW) My DVD Talk reviews I made movies, for a while I also wrote and directed this web series An earlier version of this Roger Ebert's Three Laws of Motion Pictures 1. A movie is not about what it is about, but how it is about it. 2. No good movie is too long. No bad movie is short enough. 3. No good movie is depressing. All bad movies are depressing. Favorite Films (so you know who you're dealing with) Motion/Captured on Hitfix Manohla Dargis David Edelstein Peter Rainer Green Cine Daily Korova Theatre DVD Talkers Jamie S. 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bradnyk JD/Ph.D/Postdoc… Join now to learn more about bradnyk and say hi! I was born and raised in Merrick, New York - now (in)famous for being home to the Lohan family. I attended medical school for a while and then law school. I recently graduated and am moving to NYC for work! I am looking for a long-term relationship with someone who has similar values -- kindness, compassion, and honesty. Bonus if you love my basset hound, Buster -- he is in one of my pictures, can you tell us apart?	2014-15/0022/en_head.json.gz/6195	{"url": "http://www.jdate.com/Applications/MemberProfile/ViewProfile.aspx?MemberID=951533", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.jdate.com", "date_download": "2014-04-16T07:33:27Z", "digest": "sha1:T3UX5EUTACZZGWA4H4LUEU7DYCZYVSAY"}	{"ccnet_length": [[0, 493, 493.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 493, 5128.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 493, 4.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 493, 121.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 493, 0.98]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 493, 329.0]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 493, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 493, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 493, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 493, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 493, 0.42105263]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 493, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 493, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 493, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 493, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 493, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 493, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 493, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 493, 0.02099738]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 493, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 493, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 493, 0.06140351]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 493, 0.25]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 493, 0.18421053]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 493, 0.77272727]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 493, 4.32954545]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 493, 0.00877193]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 493, 4.09638527]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 493, 88.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 8, 0.0], [8, 25, 0.0], [25, 74, 1.0], [74, 493, 1.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 8, 0.0], [8, 25, 0.0], [25, 74, 0.0], [74, 493, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 8, 1.0], [8, 25, 1.0], [25, 74, 10.0], [74, 493, 76.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 8, 0.0], [8, 25, 0.0], [25, 74, 0.0], [74, 493, 0.0]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 8, 0.0], [8, 25, 0.0], [25, 74, 0.0], [74, 493, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 8, 0.0], [8, 25, 0.29411765], [25, 74, 0.02040816], [74, 493, 0.03102625]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 493, 0.00749421]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 493, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 493, 0.00161684]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 493, -11.27966592]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 493, -11.29880094]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 493, -52.42538518]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 493, 7.0]], "is_duplicate": false}
COMMENTS Family loses home, dog to fire The local Red Cross is helping the family, said executive director Joy Branham. Send monetary donations to the Red Cross, 12 Ruth Street, P.O. Box 896, Jacksonville, N.C. 28541-0896. 1 A Monday night fire that displaced a family in Half Moon community has been ruled accidental. A father and two teenage children lost their home and everything they own when a fire destroyed their mobile home at 115 Half Moon Church Road at 6 p.m. Monday, said Onslow County Fire Marshal Brian Kelly. One of the children was home at the time of the blaze, but managed to escape, Kelly said. The family's dog didn't make it out alive. Kelly said the fire had an accidental cause, but would not elaborate until talking with the family again. “This was no one's fault,” Kelly said, adding that the mobile home and its contents were completely destroyed. Crews from Half Moon, Rhodestown and Pumpkin Center volunteer fire departments responded. The local Red Cross is helping the family, said executive director Joy Branham. Send monetary donations to the Red Cross, 12 Ruth Street, P.O. Box 896, Jacksonville, N.C. 28541-0896.	2014-15/0022/en_head.json.gz/6196	{"url": "http://www.jdnews.com/news/local/family-loses-home-dog-to-fire-1.79207?page=1", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.jdnews.com", "date_download": "2014-04-16T07:21:36Z", "digest": "sha1:4FMSVMPQLCJM4WCYZF4ANFKEKMGXWYG5"}	{"ccnet_length": [[0, 1147, 1147.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 1147, 2821.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 1147, 11.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 1147, 91.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 1147, 0.96]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 1147, 323.1]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 1147, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 1147, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 1147, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 1147, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 1147, 0.27822581]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 1147, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 1147, 0.31174533]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 1147, 0.31174533]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 1147, 0.31174533]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 1147, 0.31174533]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 1147, 0.31174533]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 1147, 0.31174533]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 1147, 0.03512623]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 1147, 0.02414929]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 1147, 0.03512623]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 1147, 0.04435484]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 1147, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 1147, 0.22580645]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 1147, 0.56476684]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 1147, 4.72020725]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 1147, 0.0]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 1147, 4.45602055]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 1147, 193.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 40, 0.0], [40, 225, 0.0], [225, 319, 1.0], [319, 525, 1.0], [525, 615, 1.0], [615, 658, 1.0], [658, 764, 1.0], [764, 875, 1.0], [875, 965, 1.0], [965, 1045, 1.0], [1045, 1147, 1.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 40, 0.0], [40, 225, 0.0], [225, 319, 0.0], [319, 525, 0.0], [525, 615, 0.0], [615, 658, 0.0], [658, 764, 0.0], [764, 875, 0.0], [875, 965, 0.0], [965, 1045, 0.0], [1045, 1147, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 40, 7.0], [40, 225, 30.0], [225, 319, 16.0], [319, 525, 37.0], [525, 615, 18.0], [615, 658, 8.0], [658, 764, 18.0], [764, 875, 18.0], [875, 965, 12.0], [965, 1045, 13.0], [1045, 1147, 16.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 40, 0.0], [40, 225, 0.0872093], [225, 319, 0.0], [319, 525, 0.0199005], [525, 615, 0.0], [615, 658, 0.0], [658, 764, 0.0], [764, 875, 0.0], [875, 965, 0.0], [965, 1045, 0.0], [1045, 1147, 0.15217391]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 40, 0.0], [40, 225, 0.0], [225, 319, 0.0], [319, 525, 0.0], [525, 615, 0.0], [615, 658, 0.0], [658, 764, 0.0], [764, 875, 0.0], [875, 965, 0.0], [965, 1045, 0.0], [1045, 1147, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 40, 0.225], [40, 225, 0.08648649], [225, 319, 0.04255319], [319, 525, 0.05825243], [525, 615, 0.02222222], [615, 658, 0.02325581], [658, 764, 0.00943396], [764, 875, 0.01801802], [875, 965, 0.06666667], [965, 1045, 0.0625], [1045, 1147, 0.10784314]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 1147, 0.37975782]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 1147, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 1147, 0.30640477]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 1147, -16.35996824]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 1147, 11.73655948]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 1147, -0.48490588]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 1147, 21.0]], "is_duplicate": false}
COMMENTS Therapy dogs could aid wounded warriors By Sarah Gould Published: Tuesday, August 13, 2013 at 19:01 PM. To the editor: Let me go back in time and explain how my girls became therapy dogs. While visiting Walter Reed to see some wounded men, I saw a Great Dane walk in, and I was told that it was a therapy dog there to help the wounded warriors. I decided then and there that that was what I wanted my dogs to do — to be more than just dogs. It took a long time, but eventually a lady offered the chance for it to happen. Her group is called Love On A Leash and is located in Morehead City. Therapy dogs are not just dogs with that title, as we worked hard to get where we are — four hours of class time and 10 hours of on-the-job training. My girls and I have been doing this for four years. Love On A Leash Coastal Carolina Chapter’s goal is to generate smiles and to provide comfort to those in need. Chapter members visit residents in hospitals and care facilities, children in schools and Marines in the Wounded Warrior program at Camp Lejeune. We are available to give presentations on dog topics to community groups. For more information about therapy dog work, contact: bobpat@ec.rr.com 1 Let me go back in time and explain how my girls became therapy dogs. While visiting Walter Reed to see some wounded men, I saw a Great Dane walk in, and I was told that it was a therapy dog there to help the wounded warriors. I decided then and there that that was what I wanted my dogs to do — to be more than just dogs. It took a long time, but eventually a lady offered the chance for it to happen. Her group is called Love On A Leash and is located in Morehead City. Therapy dogs are not just dogs with that title, as we worked hard to get where we are — four hours of class time and 10 hours of on-the-job training. My girls and I have been doing this for four years. Love On A Leash Coastal Carolina Chapter’s goal is to generate smiles and to provide comfort to those in need. Chapter members visit residents in hospitals and care facilities, children in schools and Marines in the Wounded Warrior program at Camp Lejeune. We are available to give presentations on dog topics to community groups. For more information about therapy dog work, contact: bobpat@ec.rr.com For years we visited the wounded warriors on base — sometimes as a group of three or four dogs or individually and only for about an hour once a week twice a month. One day, unbeknown to us, a new commander came. Beekie and I walked in like we always did, and I was stopped just inside the door and asked if she was a “service” dog. The answer to that question is “no,” though therapy dogs provide a service they are not “service” dogs. We were no longer welcome. I was floored. This is what I’d wanted to do for years, and here it was being pulled out from under my feet. We were welcome to stand around the smoking circle in the corner of the parking lot or at the boat docks blocks away and hope someone would want to come visit with the dogs. The Marines I talked to were visibly upset, as they enjoyed having us visit them. I felt like a second-class citizen, not good enough to be invited in. Our fearless leader, Pat Rapaport, did everything in her power to change this new commander’s mind — no joy! I wrote to Walter B. Jones. I am hoping that it was a staff member that responded because the return letter I received addressed none of the issues I had asked about. Either way, nothing positive happened. We patiently waited — OK, maybe not so patiently for some of us — for someone to take this man’s place and hopefully he would be willing to work with us. Recently, a new commander was assigned, and I am sorry to say nothing changed. Pat was invited to the opening of the new wounded warriors barracks, and she was thanked for all her hard work, but we were still shut out. I know what good can come from having a dog when someone has issues or just wants to love on a dog. My husband — a U.S. Army first sergeant of nearly 40 years — had PTSD (Vietnam), and Beekie was a great help to him. Our group is honestly at a loss. This does not make any sense to us. Sarah Gould	2014-15/0022/en_head.json.gz/6197	{"url": "http://www.jdnews.com/opinion/letters/therapy-dogs-could-aid-wounded-warriors-1.186450", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.jdnews.com", "date_download": "2014-04-16T07:18:27Z", "digest": "sha1:Z3S267ALPQYKAPDN33DBKI6LTKWYNJG6"}	{"ccnet_length": [[0, 4164, 4164.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 4164, 5817.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 4164, 18.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 4164, 96.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 4164, 0.99]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 4164, 284.8]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 4164, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 4164, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 4164, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 4164, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 4164, 0.45285088]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 4164, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 4164, 0.51890244]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 4164, 0.51890244]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 4164, 0.51890244]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 4164, 0.51890244]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 4164, 0.51890244]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 4164, 0.51890244]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 4164, 0.00853659]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 4164, 0.01067073]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 4164, 0.01463415]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 4164, 0.03618421]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 4164, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 4164, 0.13157895]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 4164, 0.36994949]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 4164, 4.14141414]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 4164, 0.0]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 4164, 5.14055173]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 4164, 792.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 49, 0.0], [49, 64, 0.0], [64, 113, 1.0], [113, 1205, 0.0], [1205, 1274, 1.0], [1274, 1431, 1.0], [1431, 1527, 1.0], [1527, 1676, 1.0], [1676, 1878, 1.0], [1878, 2280, 0.0], [2280, 2744, 1.0], [2744, 3179, 1.0], [3179, 3494, 1.0], [3494, 3648, 1.0], [3648, 3867, 1.0], [3867, 4084, 1.0], [4084, 4153, 1.0], [4153, 4164, 0.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 49, 0.0], [49, 64, 0.0], [64, 113, 0.0], [113, 1205, 0.0], [1205, 1274, 0.0], [1274, 1431, 0.0], [1431, 1527, 0.0], [1527, 1676, 0.0], [1676, 1878, 0.0], [1878, 2280, 0.0], [2280, 2744, 0.0], [2744, 3179, 0.0], [3179, 3494, 0.0], [3494, 3648, 0.0], [3648, 3867, 0.0], [3867, 4084, 0.0], [4084, 4153, 0.0], [4153, 4164, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 49, 7.0], [49, 64, 3.0], [64, 113, 8.0], [113, 1205, 206.0], [1205, 1274, 14.0], [1274, 1431, 32.0], [1431, 1527, 22.0], [1527, 1676, 30.0], [1676, 1878, 41.0], [1878, 2280, 63.0], [2280, 2744, 90.0], [2744, 3179, 85.0], [3179, 3494, 56.0], [3494, 3648, 31.0], [3648, 3867, 41.0], [3867, 4084, 46.0], [4084, 4153, 15.0], [4153, 4164, 2.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 49, 0.0], [49, 64, 0.0], [64, 113, 0.23255814], [113, 1205, 0.00280899], [1205, 1274, 0.0], [1274, 1431, 0.0], [1431, 1527, 0.0], [1527, 1676, 0.0], [1676, 1878, 0.01020408], [1878, 2280, 0.0], [2280, 2744, 0.0], [2744, 3179, 0.0], [3179, 3494, 0.0], [3494, 3648, 0.0], [3648, 3867, 0.0], [3867, 4084, 0.00956938], [4084, 4153, 0.0], [4153, 4164, 0.0]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 49, 0.0], [49, 64, 0.0], [64, 113, 0.0], [113, 1205, 0.0], [1205, 1274, 0.0], [1274, 1431, 0.0], [1431, 1527, 0.0], [1527, 1676, 0.0], [1676, 1878, 0.0], [1878, 2280, 0.0], [2280, 2744, 0.0], [2744, 3179, 0.0], [3179, 3494, 0.0], [3494, 3648, 0.0], [3648, 3867, 0.0], [3867, 4084, 0.0], [4084, 4153, 0.0], [4153, 4164, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 49, 0.18367347], [49, 64, 0.2], [64, 113, 0.10204082], [113, 1205, 0.03388278], [1205, 1274, 0.01449275], [1274, 1431, 0.04458599], [1431, 1527, 0.02083333], [1527, 1676, 0.05369128], [1676, 1878, 0.01485149], [1878, 2280, 0.03731343], [2280, 2744, 0.01508621], [2744, 3179, 0.0183908], [3179, 3494, 0.03492063], [3494, 3648, 0.01948052], [3648, 3867, 0.01369863], [3867, 4084, 0.05069124], [4084, 4153, 0.02898551], [4153, 4164, 0.18181818]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 4164, 0.24457979]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 4164, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 4164, 0.22430772]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 4164, -78.80330369]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 4164, 64.40076707]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 4164, -292.71203666]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 4164, 50.0]], "is_duplicate": true}
Division of Corporation Finance Releases New CDIs Nicole M. Maron \| Holland & Knight LLP less- Explore: Compliance Disclosure Requirements Executive Compensation Regulation S-K Rule 144A SEC Tweet Send The SEC recently released new Compliance and Disclosure Interpretations (CDIs) on a variety of topics under the Securities Act, the Exchange Act and Regulation S-K. A brief summary of some of these new CDIs is presented below. Securities Act Section 5 The SEC clarified when a company may file a registration statement for the resale of securities sold in a private equity line financing. In many equity line financings a company will rely on the private placement exemption from registration to sell the securities under the equity line and will then register the "resale" of the securities sold in the equity line financing. In these types of equity line financings, the delayed nature of the puts and the lack of market risk resulting from the formula price differentiate private equity line financings from financing PIPEs (private investment, public equity). Thus, the SEC analyzes the private equity line financings as indirect primary offerings. However, the SEC will permit a company to register the "resale" of the securities prior to its exercise of the put if the transactions meet each of the following conditions: the company must have "completed" the private transaction of all of the securities it is registering for "resale" prior to the filing of the registration statement the "resale" registration statement must be on the form that the company is eligible to use for a primary offering in the prospectus, the investor(s) must be identified as underwriter(s), as well as selling shareholder(s) The SEC will not object that a private transaction is not "completed" based on the lack of a fixed price if the agreement provides for pricing based on a formula tied to market price and there is an existing market for the securities as evidenced by trading on a national securities exchange or through the facilities of the OTC Bulletin Board or the OTCQX. (Q. 139.13) http://www.sec.gov/divisions/corpfin/guidance/sasinterp.htm#139-13 Securities Act Rules Rule 144(a) Definitions The SEC stated that where an affiliate donor transfers, by bona fide gift, company stock acquired in the open market which are not “restricted securities in the affiliate’s hands (i.e., "control stock") to a donee in a non-public transaction, these securities are “restricted securities” because they have been "acquired directly or indirectly from the issuer, or from an affiliate of the issuer, in a transaction or chain of transactions not involving any public offering." However, as these securities were not subject to any holding period requirement in the affiliate donor’s hands, the donee need not comply with the holding period requirement in Rule 144(d) for subsequent sales. If the donee is a non-affiliate and has not been an affiliate during the preceding three months, then the donee may resell the securities pursuant to Rule 144(b)(1) subject only to the current public information requirement in Rule 144(c)(1), as applicable. (Q. 129.03) Rule 144(e) - Limitation on Amount of Securities Sold An affiliate’s sales of securities back to the issuer in a non-public transaction are excludable when calculating the amount of securities that may be sold by the affiliate under Rule 144. Under Rule 144(e)(3)(vii)(C), securities sold in a transaction that is exempt pursuant to Securities Act Section 4 and does not involve any public offering need not be included in determining the amount of securities that may be sold under Rule 144. (Q. 133.07). Rule 413 - Registration of Additional Securities and Additional Classes of Securities An issuer who files an automatic shelf registration statement on Form S-3 to register the offer and sale of a specified number of securities of a specified class of securities may add to the automatic shelf registration statement on Form S-3, by post-effective amendment, more securities of the same class already registered. (Q. 210.03) Rule 430B - Prospectus in a Registration Statement After Effective Date The prospectus for the non-automatic shelf registration statement must disclose the aggregate number of shares being registered for resale before effectiveness, even if the issuer is entitled to rely on Rule 430B(b) to omit information required by Item 507 of Regulation S-K regarding specific selling security holders until after effectiveness. (Q. 228.04) Rule 502 - General Conditions to be Met If an acquiror seeks written consents from the target’s shareholders, which include non-accredited investors, to approve a business combination transaction involving the issuance of securities in reliance on Rule 505 or 506 of Regulation D, Rule 502(b)(1) requires that the financial statements and other information specified in Rule 502(b)(2) must be delivered to non-accredited investors in "a reasonable amount of time prior to sale." The delivery of a written consent constitutes the "sale" of securities in an offer conducted in reliance on Rule 505 or 506. Accordingly, to comply with the timing requirement set forth in Rule 502(b)(1), an acquiror issuing securities in a Rule 505 or Rule 506 offering must provide the disclosure required by Rule 502(b)(2) to non-accredited investors in a reasonable amount of time prior to obtaining any written consents from them. (Q. 256.22) http://www.sec.gov/divisions/corpfin/guidance/securitiesactrules-interps.htm#129-03 Securities Act Forms General Instructions I.B.1 to I.B.6 - Transaction Requirements Instruction 2 to General Instruction I.B.6 applies to calculating the market value of warrants for purposes of the one-third cap, even when the warrants are not exercisable for common stock within 12 months. (Q. 116.24) If a registrant "meets the requirements for use of Form S-3" as set forth in General Instruction B of Form S-4, and incorporates by reference registrant information into the Form S-4 pursuant to General Instruction B and either Item 11 or 13 of Form S-4, the registrant may incorporate the risk factors from its latest Form 10-K in response to Item 3 of Form S-4, even though Item 3 does not expressly contemplate incorporation by reference. The offering-specific risks, however, would be required to be disclosed in the Form S-4 itself. (Q. 125.12) http://www.sec.gov/divisions/corpfin/guidance/safinterp.htm#125-12 Regulation S-K Item 402(b) - Executive Compensation; Compensation Discussion and Analysis Instruction 5 to Item 402(b) provides that "[d]isclosure of target levels that are non-GAAP financial measures will not be subject to Regulation G and Item 10(e) of Regulation S-K; however, disclosure must be provided as to how the number is calculated from the registrant’s audited financial statements." Provided that this disclosure is made in the context of a discussion about target levels, this disclosure extends to the disclosure of actual results of the non-GAAP financial measure that is used as a target. (Q. 118.09) Item 402(c) - Executive Compensation; Summary Compensation Table Instruction 2 to Item 402(c)(2)(iii) and (iv) provides that companies are to include in the Salary column (column (c)) or the Bonus column (column (d) any amount of salary or bonus forgone at the election of a named executive officer under which stock, equity-based, or other forms of non-cash compensation have been received instead by the named executive officer. In a situation where the value of the stock, equity-based or other form of non-cash compensation is the same as the amount of salary or bonus foregone at the election of the named executive officer, the amounts should be disclosed in the Salary or Bonus column, as applicable. The result would be different if the amount of salary or bonus foregone at the election of the named executive officer was less than the value of the equity-based compensation received instead of the salary or bonus, or if the agreement pursuant to which the named executive officer had the option to elect settlement in stock or equity-based compensation was within the scope of FAS123R (e.g., the right to stock settlement is embedded in the terms of the award). In the former case, the incremental value of an equity award would be reported in the Stock Awards or Option Awards columns, and in the latter case the award would be reported in the Stock Awards or Option Awards columns. In both of these special cases, the amounts reported in the Stock Awards and Option Awards columns would be the grant date fair value of the equity award, and footnote disclosure should be provided regarding the circumstances of the awards. (Q. 119.03) Item 501 - Forepart of Registration Statement and Outside Front Cover Page of Prospectus Instruction 1 to Item 501(b)(3) requires a preliminary prospectus for an initial public offering of securities, other than debt securities, to include a bona fide estimate of the range of the maximum offering price. However, there are constraints on how wide the disclosed price range may be. For initial public offerings, a price range in excess of $2 for offerings up to $10 per share, or in excess of 20% of the high end of the range for offerings over $10 per share, will not be considered bona fide. For example, if the high end of the range is $20, then the price range may be as wide as $16 to $20. If an auction clearing price will be used as the primary factor in establishing the final offering price, a price range in excess of $4 for offerings up to $20 per share, or in excess of 20% of the high end of the range for offerings over $20 per share, will not be considered bona fide. (Q. 134.04) http://www.sec.gov/divisions/corpfin/guidance/regs-kinterp.htm#118-09 Exchange Act Item 2.06 - Material Impairments The Instruction to Item 2.06 of Form 8-K indicates that a filing is not required if an impairment conclusion is made "in connection with" the preparation, review or audit of financial statements required to be included in the next periodic report due to be filed under the Exchange Act, the periodic report is filed on a timely basis and such conclusion is disclosed in the report. If the impairment conclusion coincides with the preparation, review or audit of financial statements required to be included in the next periodic report due to be filed under the Exchange Act and the other conditions of the Instruction to Item 2.06 are satisfied, a filing would not be required under Item 2.06. (Q. 110.01) http://www.sec.gov/divisions/corpfin/guidance/8-kinterp.htm#110-01 Topics: Compliance, Disclosure Requirements, Executive Compensation, Regulation S-K, Rule 144A, SEC Published In: Business Organization Updates, General Business Updates, Finance & Banking Updates, Securities Updates Holland & Knight LLP Holland & Knight is a global law firm with more than 1,000 lawyers and other professionals in 18... Division of Corporation Finance Posts Slides Discussing Common Financial Reporting Issues for Smaller Companies Division of Corporation Finance Issues Overview for Foreign Private Issuers Regarding Access to U.S. Capital Markets Division of Corporation Finance Posts Additional JOBS Act-Related FAQs Latest PostsFTC Provides Guidance On Obtaining Parental Consent Under COPPA Free HIPAA Help Follow Holland & Knight LLP:	2014-15/0022/en_head.json.gz/6198	{"url": "http://www.jdsupra.com/legalnews/division-of-corporation-finance-releases-25147/", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.jdsupra.com", "date_download": "2014-04-16T09:09:38Z", "digest": "sha1:3XTHNA6I72HRVYKA3QHTR44INWARHCTV"}	{"ccnet_length": [[0, 11353, 11353.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 11353, 14197.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 11353, 43.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 11353, 178.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 11353, 0.91]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 11353, 303.2]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 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Jams Dispute Resolution -- Spring 2012 JAMS, The Resolution Experts IN DEPTH -- Growing Trend of Third-Party Litigation Funding Creates Mixed Opinions; ADR CONVERSATIONS -- JAMS Panelists Receive Prestigious ADR Award; ADR NEWS & CASE UPDATES; DOMESTIC FOCUS -- Good Faith Requirements Must Be Based on Objective Criteria; GOOD WORKS -- JAMS Pays Tribute to Ray Shonholtz, Founder of Partners for Democratic Change; INTERNATIONAL FOCUS -- Germans Propose Law to Increase Use of Mediation; and WORTH READING -- The Social Animal: The Hidden Sources of Love, Character and Achievement. Excerpt from Growing Trend of Third-Party Litigation Funding Creates Mixed Opinions Third-party litigation funding, also referred to as third-party financing of lawsuits, alternative claims financing or alternative litigation funding, is a growing business in international arbitration, particularly in Australia and the United Kingdom, and is now being looked at domestically by investors and law firms. In general, the process involves an outside investor with no connection to the dispute, most likely a corporation that specializes in funding lawsuits or a hedge fund with the same investment strategy. That entity contracts directly with the claimholder (sometimes funders contract with the law firm, but there are fewer conflicts and ethical issues if the contract is between the funder and the claimholder) to provide funding for the claim, and in return, the investor would be entitled to recovery of the principal advanced and a percentage of any recovery. However, in the event a claimant is unsuccessful, the investor would receive nothing. Please see full newsletter below for more information. Download PDF IN DEPTHGrowing Trend of Third-Party Litigation Funding Creates Mixed Opinions..........1ADR CONVERSATIONSJAMS Panelists Receive Prestigious ADR Award........................1ADR NEWS & CASE UPDATES.................6DOMESTIC FOCUSGood Faith Requirements Must Be Based on Objective Criteria.................8GOOD WORKSJAMS Pays Tribute to Ray Shonholtz, Founder of Partners for Democratic Change.............................................9INTERNATIONAL FOCUSGermans Propose Law to Increase Use of Mediation..............................10WORTH READINGThe Social Animal: The Hidden Sources of Love, Character and Achievement...11WHAT’S INSIDE>Third-party litigation funding, also referred to as third-party financing of lawsuits, alternative claims financing or alternative litigation funding, is a growing business in international arbitration, particularly in Australia and the United Kingdom, and is now being looked at domestically by investors and law firms.In general, the process involves an outside investor with no connection to the dispute, most likely a corporation that specializes in funding lawsuits or a hedge fund with the same investment strategy. That entity contracts directly with the claimholder (sometimes funders contract with the law firm, but there are fewer conflicts and ethical issues if the contract is between the funder and the claimholder) to provide funding for the claim, and in return, the investor would be entitled to recovery of the principal advanced and a percentage of any recovery. However, in the event a claimant is unsuccessful, the investor would receive nothing.See ‘Growing Trend of Third-Party Litigation’ on Page 2GROWING TREND OF THIRD-PARTY LITIGATION FUNDING CREATES MIXED OPINIONSIN DEPTHJAMS DISPUTE RESOLUTIONALERTSpring 2012An Update on Developments in Mediation and ArbitrationADR CONVERSATIONSJAMS Panelists Receive Prestigious ADR AwardOn April 20, 2012, JAMS panelists Michael K. Lewis, Esq. and Linda R. Singer, Esq. received the D’Alemberte-Raven Award from the American Bar Association. This prestigious award recognizes outstanding service in the dispute resolution field, honoring individuals who have developed innovative programs and have improved dispute resolution services and efficiency, according to Gina Brown, associate director of the ABA’s Dispute Resolution Section. Past recipients of the award include former Attorney General Janet Reno and Ambassador Richard Holbrooke.A graduate of Harvard College and George Washington University School of Law, Singer has more than 30 years of dispute resolution experience as an arbitrator, mediator, civil litigator and neutral evaluator. See ‘ADR Conversations’ on Page 4Sign up for your free electronic copy of this newsletter. Scan with your Smartphone to register.2 JAMS Dispute Resolution Alert \| Spring 2012Experts Call for Use and Regulation of Third-Party FinancingMaya Steinitz, a professor at the University of Iowa College of Law and author of Whose Claim Is This Anyway? Third-Party Litigation Funding, said that “international arbitration is one of the favored areas for third-party financing because there is less regulation” of the process and because of its broader acceptance internationally. In addition, the process is almost completely private and confidential, and allows attorneys who may be prevented in the domestic context from participating due to local rules of professional responsibility or the continued enforcement of the common law doctrines of champerty and maintenance, she noted.According to Steinitz, investors and funders also like investing in international arbitration “because of the potential of a quick turnaround on their investment and arbitration claims are not subject to appeal and are highly enforceable under the New York Convention.” Third-party financing has been used in international arbitrations under bilateral investment treaties for more than 20 years due to the clear causes of action and the fact that one party is a sovereign nation, which, in general, guarantees that a judgment will be satisfied due to their “deep pockets,” she explained.She noted that law firms and arbitrators that have practices in international arbitration “view third-party funding favorably because more cases equals more money.” However, there has been some pushback from large multinational corporations because they view it as potentially leading to an increase in frivolous lawsuits and the difficulty that Maya Steinitz Professor at University of Iowa College of Law his or her professional judgment in determining the course or strategy of the litigation, including the decisions of whether to settle or the amount to accept in any settlement.”The opinion concludes by noting that such arrangements can be beneficial to clients: “It is not unethical per se for a lawyer to advise on or be involved with such arrangements. A lawyer representing a client who is a party, or considering becoming a party, to a non-recourse funding arrangement should be aware of the potential ethical issues and should be prepared to address them as they arise.” The American Bar Association’s Commission on Ethics 20/20 has released a draft white paper that discusses the ethical issues of third-party financing and the Rules of Professional Conduct that are implicated when the financing mechanism is present in litigation. While not coming to any firm conclusions or suggesting any policy or rule changes, it outlines clearly that attorneys who participate in these types of arrangements must be aware of potential conflicts that can arise.The U.S. Chamber of Commerce’s Institute for Legal Reform also took a look at third-party financing and issued a report warning that the increased use of third-party financing could lead to an increase in litigation abuse, particularly in the area of class action lawsuits. According to the report, the main problem with third-party financing is the introduction of a party to the litigation that has no relation to the underlying dispute; therefore, their sole concern would be with monetary gain and not the merits of the underlying claim. The report recommends that “lawmakers and regulators should consider prohibiting third-party funding in the United States. At the very least, third-party funding should be banned in the context of aggregate litigation.”Growing Trend of Third-Party Litigation Creates Mixed Opinions Continued from Page 1IN DEPTHThird-party litigation funding is more highly developed and accepted in Australia as a result of legislatures relaxing or eliminating the common law doctrines of champerty and maintenance over the past 20 years. Both common law doctrines have fallen out of favor and have increasingly been eliminated by courts and legislatures. Third-party financing has also grown rapidly in the U.K. over the past 10 years and continues to grow as more investors enter the market.The New York City Bar Association (City Bar) issued an opinion on third-party financing of lawsuits in June 2011. It discussed the various ethical issues that an attorney could face when a third-party financer becomes involved in litigation, including confidentiality, the attorney-client relationship and control over the litigation. The City Bar advised that with regard to confidentiality and attorney-client privilege, an attorney must consult and obtain consent from a client before disclosing communications or documentation to the third-party financer in order to avoid running afoul of his or her ethical obligation under the rules of professional conduct. It also stated that while a third-party financer may exert influence over the course of litigation, an attorney “may not permit the company to influence The report recommends that “lawmakers and regulators should consider prohibiting third-party funding in the United States. At the very least, third-party funding should be banned in the context of aggregate litigation.” U.S. Chamber of Commerce’s Institute for Legal ReformJAMS Dispute Resolution Alert \| Spring 2012 3According to Seidel, international arbitration is well-suited for third-party funding because the players can structure the process and control more of what happens without running into as many ethical issues as in litigation. However, arbitrators are increasingly looking for greater disclosure of funders to ensure that they do not run afoul of disclosure requirements, he added. “We’re beginning to see more knowledgeable, well-informed funders enter the international arbitration market, which could grow even more rapidly as funders come to understand their ability to craft the process,” he said.James E. Tyrrell, Jr., a managing partner at Patton Boggs LLP in New York, said, “We have seen very substantial growth in the industry over the past several years,” and in particular growing interest by private equity and hedge funds. They see providing funds in international arbitrations as an opportunity to invest in an area that is “non-cyclical and separate from the ups and downs of the marketplace,” he said.From a public policy perspective, the involvement of highly sophisticated players such as hedge funds can “bring capital market strength to meritorious claims that might otherwise not be pursued,” he suggested. Addressing the notion that making more money available to bring lawsuits could increase frivolous actions, he suggested that it could have the opposite effect because these sophisticated investors could help “cleanse the system because no one wants the black eye of having invested in a fraud or frivolous case.” results from third parties having a say in settlement negotiations, she added.Michele DeStefano, a professor at the University of Miami School of Law and author of an upcoming law review article on third-party litigation funding in the Fordham Law Journal, said, “The transparency issue in international arbitration is the one that comes up the most often.” In the U.S. litigation context, the concern is over how much influence or control a third-party funder has over the party it is funding and whether its interests could negatively impact the outcome or ability to resolve the claim.However, these concerns seem to be outweighed by the potential benefits to both parties in litigation and parties in international arbitration, she said, adding, “Commercial claims funders can help clients understand the value of a case, how much time to spend on a case, what level of resources to commit and what is the best time to settle a claim.” In addition, funders can serve as a “watchdog for the corporate client, look at attorney’s fees and emphasize problem solving and innovation,” she suggested.Selvyn Seidel, chairman of Fulbrook Management, said that “2011 was a watershed year” for third-party funding. It ceased being an up-and-coming industry and established itself as “an industry that is here to stay and will mature over the next five to 10 years,” he said.According to Seidel, there was dramatic change in third-party funding in 2011, as information about it lead to an increase in understanding about the process, greater awareness and an increase in its use and requests for its use by clients. In addition, a number of new, highly sophisticated funders (both private equity and corporations) entered the market in 2011. These new funders can bring integrated services to third-party funding of litigation and international arbitration, which will enhance the value of claims by providing clients with budgeting help, outsourced legal work and accounting, he said. This should help increase the “recognition that third-party funding is legitimate, good for claims and can increase the ability to deliver both commercial and civil justice,” he said.Seidel noted that third-party funding has reached such a level of acceptance and use that the U.K.’s Civil Justice Council moved forward with a code to address the industry and released a voluntary code in November 2011. The code addresses the key issues that arise around the process, including conflicts of interest, ethics issues, disclosure, confidentiality and issues of control of the litigation or arbitration process. Seidel said the one area that has gotten the least attention is the use of third-party funding in international arbitration, “where much of the activity is happening,” but added that this is starting to change. “International arbitration is very important for the quantity and amounts in disputes in international commerce. International commerce drives more international arbitration, which in turn will drive more funding into international arbitration claims,” he said.Michele DeStefanoProfessor atUniversity of MiamiSchool of LawSelvyn SeidelChairman of Fulbrook ManagementJames E. Tyrell Jr.Managing Partner at Patton Boggs LLP4 JAMS Dispute Resolution Alert \| Spring 2012 ADR CONVERSATIONSJAMS Panelists Receive Prestigious ADR Award Continued from Page 1universities, as well as at the Center for Dispute Settlement. Based in Washington, DC, Lewis and Singer are not only co-recipients of the 2012 D’Alemberte-Raven Award, they are also married to each other.Q. What does it mean to you to receive the 2012 D’Alemberte-Raven Award from the American Bar Association?A. Singer: This is truly exciting. It’s the most prestigious award in our profession because it comes from our peers, because of our predecessors who’ve received the award and because of the two ABA giants after whom it is named.A. Lewis: I’m not sure I’ve absorbed the fact that the section has decided to honor us. Frankly, it was a real stunner. I hope that those who chose us recognized the importance of our early work in the field—prisons, mental hospitals, schools, community dispute centers—and the desirability of supporting efforts designed to provide dispute resolution services to the less fortunate among us.Singer pioneered the development of mediation as a practice, training mediators and lawyers throughout the United States and abroad. Attorneys describe her as tenacious, intelligent and possessing an innate ability to settle cases that others could not. As president of the Center for Dispute Settlement, she has designed ADR processes for companies, court systems and government agencies. A graduate of Dartmouth College and Georgetown University Law Center and a former Foreign Service Officer, Lewis is known for his ability to resolve the most complex disputes in virtually every area of law, including business, public policy, employment, environment and government. As an ADR consultant, he has advised dozens of organizations, including the Manville Personal Injury Settlement Trust and the National Institute of Corrections, as well as law firms, corporations and federal and local courts. Lewis and Singer have co-taught mediation and negotiation at Harvard Law School’s Program on Negotiation and at the law schools of Georgetown, American and George Washington Q. What drew you to the ADR field?A. Singer: We both got taken with the notion of mediation and of trying to focus parties on what’s most important to them, enabling them to look forward and to repair relationships. We grew with the field; we started with interpersonal disputes, and we now handle both huge and smaller disputes.A. Lewis: It was the sense that there had to be a better way of resolving disputes other than violence, litigation or taking it to the streets. In the very early 1970s, mediation especially was not used widely other than in labor disputes. Q. What kinds of disputes are the most interesting to you?A. Singer: I like puzzles with lots of moving pieces. I like the intellectual challenge of multiple parties or of class actions with a lot of different people and issues. Sometimes I’m surprised that the most interesting disputes are less about the subject matter and more about the people and the personalities.A. Lewis: I’ve enjoyed disputes involving layers of government and business and ordinary folks all mixed in one big stew. At the end of the day, when you leave with a sense that a mediation has made a difference in someone’s life, it’s an incredible high.“ At the end of the day, when you leave with a sense that a mediation has made a difference in someone’s life, it’s an incredible high.” Michael Lewis, Esq.JAMS Dispute Resolution Alert \| Spring 2012 5 Q. What kinds of cases do you find the most challenging?A. Singer: It’s challenging when a case is heavily emotional for at least one party. Sometimes it’s very hard for people who are feeling like victims to focus on their own long-term best interests. Their current anger, often accompanied by a desire for revenge, can overshadow their own sense of what’s best for them if only they could look ahead.A. Lewis: The cases in which one or more of the parties appear to not be acting in their own best interest. It’s challenging and frustrating to watch them cut off their nose to spite their face, to observe them forgetting what’s important to them.Q. Do you expect any sea changes—or subtle changes—in the ADR field in the next 10 years?A. Singer: In the mediation world, the sea change may have already occurred. On the West Coast, the East Coast and in a few places in between, most lawyers now expect to go to mediation at some point in almost all disputes. So the question is, what way is mediation going to grow, and into which new substantive areas might it expand? Not all of these may be in the legal arena; our politics certainly could benefit from some mediation! With arbitration, its use could be restricted more and more by court decisions or by legislation. But it’s hard to predict.A. Lewis: I worry about the adoption and adaption of mediation by institutions—courts, administrative agencies —that often come with bureaucracies and stultifying procedures that overpower the tool’s flexible nature. If I had to guess, arbitration, which has been under fire in the last few years, might change more than mediation. Q. When you teach, what are some of your core themes?A. Singer: When teaching mediation, I try to emphasize things that none of us were taught in law school: active listening, empathy, helping to create options and analyzing the settlement options that appear to be possible versus the likely possibilities if settlement is not achieved. A. Lewis: For me, the core of what’s important to me in teaching is about trying to get people to understand the notions of parties’ interests and of encouraging them to let go of a desire for revenge.Q. What is a commonality among the most successful neutrals that you know?A. Singer: Trustworthiness is number one among neutrals. For mediators, we have some evidence that parties rate us most highly when we are good listeners, when we have an ability to connect with parties and when we’re both patient and persistent.A. Lewis: Two words: adaptability and persistence.Q. What has been your career highlight so far?A. Singer: Maybe getting this award. I’m also proud of being able to mediate complex, high-stakes disputes and still maintain a connection with the nonprofit Center for Dispute Settlement, which I founded in Washington 40 years ago.A. Lewis: I, too, am tempted to say receiving this award. But the highlight may have been my involvement in the Pigford case, resulting in more than $1 billion awarded to black farmers and their families for discrimination they suffered by their own government through the Department of Agriculture. It was a pretty powerful case for me.Q. If you couldn’t be a lawyer or an ADR neutral, what would you do?A. Singer: I’d probably retire and spend more time with our grandchildren, who are getting too old to need me. I’d also try to convince Michael we should travel more and ride our tandem bike.A. Lewis: That’s easy for me. I’d try to be a photographer and musician. Taking photographs and playing music have given me great pleasure over the years.Q. Anything else you’d like to add?A. Singer: People sometimes ask us how we, as a married couple, have been able to work together as colleagues for such a long time. We’ve even mediated a couple of very large cases together, and it really is a pleasure.Q. What’s the secret?A. Lewis: Adaptability and persistence! ADR NEWS & CASE UPDATES6 JAMS Dispute Resolution Alert \| Spring 2012FEDERAL CIRCUIT COURTSStatutory Language Granting “Right to Sue” Does Not Result in Arbitration WaiverCompuCredit Corp. v. Greenwood2012 WL 43514U.S. Supreme Court, January 10, 2012Wanda Greenwood’s credit card application from CompuCredit (CC) included an arbitration clause that read, “Any claim, dispute or controversy (whether in contract, tort or otherwise) at any time arising from or relating to your Account, any transferred balances or this Agreement...upon the election of you or us, will be resolved by binding arbitration…”In 2008, Greenwood and others in a putative class filed an action alleging violations of the Credit Repair Organizations Act (CROA). CC moved to compel arbitration, but the district court denied the motion, finding that Congress intended claims under the CROA to be non-arbitrable. The Court of Appeal for the Ninth Circuit affirmed the denial, and the case was appealed to the United States Supreme Court.The Court noted a presumption in favor of arbitration except where Congress has carved out a specific exception. The CROA contains a nonwaiver provision that states, “Any waiver by any consumer of any protection provided by or any right of the consumer under this subchapter— (1) shall be treated as void; and (2) may not be enforced by any Federal or State court or any other person.” The Court then found that the lower courts focused on this language to conclude that signers had a non-waivable right to go to court to prosecute alleged defects. In writing for an 8-1 majority, Justice Scalia stated, “The flaw in this argument is its premise: that the disclosure provision provides consumers with a right to bring an action in a court of law. It does not.” The Court found that “right to sue” does not imply that the suit must be brought in a court and concluded that “it takes a considerable stretch to regard the nonwaiver provision as a ‘congressional command’ that the FAA shall not apply.”The Court found that Congress had used more precise language when it wanted to prohibit arbitration, and found examples in other statutes (e.g., “No predispute arbitration agreement shall be valid or enforceable, if the agreement requires arbitration of a dispute arising under this section”). The Court noted that this language was far more precise than the “right to sue” language in the CROA, which the Court labeled “obtuse.” Because the FAA favors arbitration and because the language was not sufficiently clear in the Court’s view to amount to a Congressional prohibition, the case was reversed and remanded for an entry of an order to arbitrate. FAA Pre-Empts California Rule Prohibiting Class Action Waivers in Public Injunction ClaimsKilgore v. KeyBank, Nat. Ass’n2012 WL 718344C.A.9 (Cal.), March 07, 2012A group of students enrolled at a private helicopter school that promised them the opportunity to obtain a pilot’s license within 18 months. However, the school did not have the equipment to fulfill this promise.The school encouraged the students to use KeyBank to take out loans of $50,000 to $60,000, which were paid in full to the helicopter school before the training had even commenced. When the school went bankrupt, the students sued KeyBank in California state court, alleging knowledge on the bank’s part of the school’s inadequacy. The students sought an injunction against KeyBank that would prevent the bank from collecting on the loans. The case was removed to federal district court.KeyBank moved to compel arbitration pursuant to an arbitration clause in the loan agreements. That arbitration clause precluded class actions. The district court denied the motion, finding that California case law on public injunctions invalidated any clause that precluded class action arbitration.On appeal, the U.S. Court of Appeal for the Ninth Circuit reversed, finding the U.S. Supreme Court opinion in AT&T v. Concepcion overturned California law precluding class action waivers. The JAMS Dispute Resolution Alert \| Spring 2012 7Court examined the question of whether the Concepcion rule applied to cases involving injunctive relief and concluded, “We hold that the California rule does not survive Concepcion because the rule prohibits outright the arbitration of a particular type of claim—claims for broad public injunctive relief.”Finally, the Court rejected plaintiffs’ claims that the arbitration clause was unconscionable. It was very clearly marked and was written in plain language, and no student-pilot was under any compulsion to sign.Arbitrators’ Failure to Disclose Simultaneous Service on Another Claim Does Not Amount to Evident PartialityScandinavian Reinsurance Co. Ltd. v. Saint Paul Fire and Marine Ins. Co.2012 WL 335772C.A.2 (N.Y.), February 03, 2012Scandinavian Reinsurance (SR) and St. Paul Fire and Marine Insurance (St. Paul) entered into a reinsurance contract containing an arbitration clause. When the parties got into a dispute, they engaged a panel of three arbitrators, with St. Paul picking one, SR picking one and the third a neutral umpire chosen by the other two arbitrators and with the assent of the parties.The panel ruled in favor of St. Paul. SR later discovered that after the arbitration began, the St. Paul arbitrator and the umpire had started and completed a separate and similar reinsurance arbitration, and had failed to disclose this fact to the parties or their lawyers. SR argued that this failure to disclose, coupled with the award to St. Paul, was a violation of the continuing duty to disclose and amounted to evident partiality. The district court agreed and vacated the award.On appeal to the U.S. Court of Appeal for the Second Circuit, the case was reversed. The Court analyzed the extent and character of the personal interest, pecuniary or otherwise, of the arbitrator in the proceedings; the directness of the relationship between the arbitrator and the party he is alleged to favor; the connection of that relationship to the arbitrator; and the proximity in time between the relationship and the arbitration proceeding. In each, the Court found that the level of involvement between the arbitrators was insufficient to conclude that either or both of them were biased. They wrote, “Nondisclosure does not by itself constitute evident partiality.” As SR failed to meet the burden of proof, the district court erred in vacating the award. Where Arbitration Would Conflict With Core Purposes of Bankruptcy Code, Judge May Properly Deny Motion to ArbitrateIn re Thorpe Insulation Co.2012 WL 255231C.A.9 (Cal.), January 30, 2012 In a very complex asbestos litigation, the parties reached a settlement and memorialized it an agreement that called for arbitration of any later disputes. When the insurance fund began to run out, the insulator at the bottom of the litigation filed for bankruptcy protection. Some of the parties moved to compel arbitration pursuant to the settlement agreement, but the bankruptcy judge denied the motion, reasoning that “as a matter of fundamental bankruptcy policy, only a Bankruptcy Court should decide whether the manner in which someone has administered a bankruptcy estate gives rise to a claim for damages. Non-bankruptcy courts cannot be the arbiters of such issues...Moreover, the arguments that the parties wish to advance are inextricably intertwined with the issues that the Court will have to address in connection with confirmation of the proposed plan...The very terms of the plan themselves are among the alleged breaches of the settlement agreement.” The aggrieved parties appealed.The U.S. Court of Appeal for the Ninth Circuit found the question presented to be “core” to the bankruptcy proceedings and that ordering arbitration would conflict with the underlying purposes of the bankruptcy code. Therefore, it was within the discretion of the bankruptcy judge to retain exclusive jurisdiction in that court. 8 JAMS Dispute Resolution Alert \| Spring 2012required pre-mediation memorandum and sending a party with settlement authority.Federal district courts in California do not include a requirement that parties participate in good faith, but rather have adopted local court rules, which mandate that parties submit a written mediation statement, are represented by lead counsel and send a person with full settlement authority. Furthermore, while there is no good faith requirement written into local court rules, federal district courts in California have cited other court rulings for the proposition that parties are assumed to participate in good faith in mediation. However, no federal district court has imposed sanctions for a failure to participate in good faith, but they have imposed sanctions only where a party has been found to have violated an objective criteria set forth in a court rule or court order. John Lande, a professor at the University of Missouri School of Law, said a requirement that parties participate in good faith creates a tension with the voluntary nature of mediation, even in a setting where a court orders the parties to mediation, because in the end settling a case using the process remains entirely voluntary. By court rule or court order, if there is a requirement that parties participate in good faith, courts “should use a very narrow interpretation of good faith when deciding whether to impose sanctions,” he suggested.John LandeProfessor at the University of Missouri School of LawA more effective way to address the issue is to set out clearly defined, objective criteria by which the behavior of parties in mediation may be judged by a court, he said. These could include that parties attend or produce pre-mediation documents, he concluded.Maureen Weston, a professor at Pepperdine University School of Law, said that a good faith requirement “is a good idea because it forces parties to take mediation seriously” and provides courts with another method to get parties to consider an alternative to full-fledged litigation. However, any test applied by a court to a good faith requirement should be narrow and minimal, she said.According to Weston, the test of good faith could be based on whether the parties showed up and whether those in attendance had full settlement authority. Ordering parties to mediate, at a minimum, “allows parties to exchange perspectives on the case,” she said, adding that “it is rare for parties to push back against a good faith requirement.”She noted, however, that mediators in general “do not want to report to courts about the conduct of the mediation and are not in favor of the requirement that parties participate in good faith.” She echoed Lande’s comment that if courts require mediators to report about behavior related to good faith, the confidentiality of the process could be called into question and lead to parties being reluctant to discuss the case openly during mediation. Maureen WestonProfessor at PepperdineUniversity School of LawDOMESTIC FOCUSA recent court case dealing with the requirement that parties participate in good faith in mediation rejected the notion of a subjective approach, ruling that violations of good faith must be based on objective criteria.The U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York in In re A.T. Reynolds & Sons, Inc., reversed a ruling by the Bankruptcy Court that a party had failed to participate in good faith in mediation. The Bankruptcy Court ordered the parties to mediation, directing through court order that “the mediator shall report any willful failure to attend or to participate in good faith in the mediation process of conference. Such failure may result in the imposition of sanctions by the court.”The mediator filed a report to the court and testified about the actions of Wells Fargo. The Bankruptcy Court ruled Wells Fargo violated the court order by failing to send a person with settlement authority, by asserting the supremacy of its case rather than being ready to discuss the case and for trying to limit the range of issues that could be discussed during the mediation process. Wells Fargo was ordered to pay the costs of mediation.The Southern District acknowledged that courts may sanction parties for a failure to comply with a court order but reversed the ruling after concluding that the test applied by the Bankruptcy Court was subjective in nature and could negatively impact the confidential nature of the mediation process. The court also rejected the notion that parties must engage in risk analysis prior to mediation, because such a condition goes against the established law that courts may not coerce parties into settlement.The court held that a party satisfies the good faith requirement based on objective criteria by showing up, producing the Good Faith Requirements Must Be Based on Objective CriteriaBy Justin KellyJAMS Dispute Resolution Alert \| Spring 2012 9 JAMS Pays Tribute to Ray Shonholtz, Founder of Partners for Democratic Change Ray Shonholtz passed away earlier this year, leaving a powerful legacy in the field of alternative dispute resolution. As the founder of Partners for Democratic Change, Shonholtz dedicated his career to the advancement of civil society and the culture of non-violent dispute resolution. Additionally, Partners for Democratic Change received the 2012 Warren Knight Award during the ABA Dispute Resolution Section Conference in Washington, DC.Born in 1943, Shonholtz graduated from UCLA and UC Berkeley Law School. In 1976, he founded the Community Boards of San Francisco, one of the country’s first neighborhood and school mediation programs. After serving as a Ford Foundation Fellow, Shonholtz in 1989 founded Partners for Democratic Change, with centers in 20 countries throughout Central and Eastern Europe, the Balkans and the former Soviet Union. Recently retired in Berkeley, Shonholtz and his wife, Anne, had been bi-coastal with homes in Washington, DC, and San Francisco. He wrote and lectured extensively on mediation systems, conflict resolution models and the positive function of conflict in democratic society. He served as a mentor to many in the ADR field, including Julia Roig, the current president of Partners for Democratic Change.“Ray was one of the pioneers of the community mediation field, but I find it most special that he spent his entire later career building capacity in new democracies so they could be successful,” says Roig. “His philosophy of social empowerment and his peace-building agenda were very ahead of their time. Today, there’s a recognition of the importance of multiculturalism. But Ray knew that instinctively. His belief was that Americans shouldn’t just export the field of dispute resolution. He knew that those in transforming democracies could help themselves, and he wanted to support people in their own countries and help them adapt our methods to their own cultures so they could be leaders there. He also promoted the use of civic collaboration among nations, and we’ve seen that play out with the Arab Spring. He promoted a very humble model of empowering others to be leaders in their own right.”Jay Folberg, executive director of the JAMS Foundation, law school classmate and longtime friend of Shonholtz, describes a trip they took together in 1999 to Albania as consultants of a World Bank ADR Project. “Watching Ray introduce concepts of mediation and network with dissident groups, as well as with government leaders at the highest levels, was a demonstration in charisma and diplomacy. Ray knew how to help give change a chance by showing disputants a path to overcoming what seemed to be impenetrable barriers.”According to Brad Heckman, CEO of the New York Peace Institute, Shonholtz “practically invented the modern community mediation center, transforming the idea from a quasi-court apparatus to full-service hub for community dialogue, intergroup conciliation and peer mediation, using mediators who reflect the diversity of the community.” Heckman worked with Shonholtz for many years, describing him as “a highly influential figure in our field, but one who focused more on building others’ capacity and celebrating their triumphs than on getting in his own name and mug in the media and literature.”Shonholtz loved to negotiate, Heckman recalls. “In our limited downtime on international junkets, he often dragged me into hotel after hotel, just to negotiate room rates. He showed me that pretty much everything is negotiable.”Shonholtz also believed that in fundraising and in mediation, “‘no’ is just the beginning of the relationship,” Heckman writes on his blog, The Hecklist. “At the end of a successful negotiation or mediation, Ray would often unnerve me by saying, ‘You know, we’ve made great progress, but something tells me this is not going to work.’ I asked why on earth he’d want to plant seeds of doubt after an agreement had been reached. He told me that if folks responded by defending their agreement, we were good to go. But if they showed doubt, we weren’t done yet. It was a great deal-sealing maneuver.”Roig adds that Shonholtz’s last writing, which was published in the March 2012 issue of the Cardozo Journal of Conflict Resolution, was about the Occupy Wall Street movement and how “we should be thinking about the courageous conversations that need to happen here in this country. It’s like he came full circle—from community mediation to international dispute resolution to conflict in the U.S. He believed that democratic change isn’t a destination but a process.” GOOD WORKSRay ShonholtzFounder, Partners for Democratic Change “ His philosophy of social empowerment and his peace-building agenda were very ahead of their time.” Julia Roig, president of Partners for Democratic Change10 JAMS Dispute Resolution Alert \| Spring 2012 that authorizes private parties to enter into agreements to mediate outside of court. The German Bundesrat (the equivalent of the United States Senate or U.K. House of Lords) refused to accept these changes and sent the law to the Mediation Committee.Due to the inconsistencies in the two pieces of the legislation, the proposed law has been referred to the Mediation Committee, a constitutional institution with 16 members from the Bundestag and 16 members from the Bundesrat. The committee is responsible for finding an agreement between the Bundestag and Bundesrat where legislation passed by the bodies is inconsistent.In a press release, the Bundesrat criticized the Bundestag for eliminating the provision authorizing court-based mediation. “The Bundesrat wants to implement court-based mediation explicitly in the new law as it has proven its advantages especially in complex and large court proceedings” and “has therefore called the mediation committee to establish the court based mediation explicitly in the procedural codes for German courts.”Sabine König, a judge and mediator in Hamburg, Germany, and a JAMS International panelist, explained that court-based mediation has been part of state courts for more than 10 years and has proven very successful in resolving all manner of disputes, including simple, complex and large-dollar disputes. In these programs, judges who are not involved in the underlying case serve as mediators.Settlement rates in court-based mediation programs have ranged from 66 to 80 percent, she said, adding, “This is a remarkable proportion in light of the fact that it was often achieved in complex cases, which had already been considered in court.” In addition, participants in court-based mediations have been very positive in their assessment of the program, with 91 INTERNATIONAL FOCUSGermans Propose Law to Increase Use of Mediation German lawmakers have proposed legislation designed to promote and increase the use of mediation and other forms of alternative dispute resolution in the private sector as part of its obligation under the European Union’s mediation directive of 2008.The EU directive requires member states to adopt legislation that provides courts with authority to refer cases to mediation, authorizes the direct enforcement of mediation settlement agreements, protects mediators from being called as witnesses and protects limitations periods once parties enter mediation.The draft presented by the German government would have established a court-based mediation system with mediation conducted by judges not associated with the underlying dispute and authorized out-of-court mediation and court-related mediation suggested by the judge. However, the Bundestag (the equivalent of the United States House of Representatives or U.K. House of Commons) adopted legislation late last year that removed many of these provisions, leaving only the provision Sabine KönigA Judge and Mediator in Hamburg, Germany and a JAMS International Panelist“Court-based mediation has been part of state courts for more than 10 years and has proven very successful in resolving all manner of disputes, including simple, complex and large-dollar disputes.” Sabine König, JAMS International panelistThe German Bundesrat in BerlinSee “German Mediation Law” on Back CoverJAMS Dispute Resolution Alert \| Spring 2012 11 The Social Animal: The Hidden Sources of Love, Character and Achievement By David Brooks REVIEWED BY RICHARD BIRKE Legendary actor and director Orson Welles once said, “We’re born alone, we live alone, we die alone.” Dog eat dog. Look out for number one.” WORTH READING New York Times columnist, conservative commentator and prolific author David Brooks feels differently. To Brooks, we are all social animals, from the most gregarious politician to the most reclusive hermit. In his book The Social Animal, Brooks demonstrates how intimately connected each of us is with others as a result of our biology, our social structures and the neuroscience that explains brain functioning. The insights contained in this book will help people to become better negotiators or mediators by increasing their understanding of how and why people behave the way they do. The book weaves together more than 370 scientific studies from a wide variety of disciplines into what is, at some level, a romance novel about two characters, Harold and Erica, whom we observe from pre-birth to death. At each stage of the lives of his two main characters, Brooks highlights the aspects of life that both illustrate and prove how the mind and brain are socially constructed. As an example, Brooks introduces us to Harold’s future parents when they are at a resort, scanning for potential mates. The future parents may think they are free to choose mates, but instead they are captives of their evolutionary history. The men scan for women with a .7 waist-tohip ratio. Women scan for men who are slightly taller than they are, with symmetrical features, and slightly larger than average pupils. We may think we have free choice, but our destinies are largely predetermined by evolutionary knowledge about who will make a good mate. We may think that all our decisions are made with that most recent of evolutionary creations, our frontal cortex. But in fact, we are making and framing large numbers of decisions with evolved mechanisms deep in our brains of which we are not even remotely aware. So when you decide on a settlement amount or a strategy, you may be guided by primitive instincts that are more related to survival than they are to modern-day business. When Harold is born, we learn that humans spend a longer time helpless than any other creature, both as a percentage of time and as a raw number of years. Giraffes come out of the womb pretty much ready to stand up and walk, and spiders emerge into the world ready to fend for themselves. Humans, in contrast, live nearly a decade before they can safely microwave a cup of hot water, and some take three decades to fully leave the nest. Were people to be cared for with the same level of attention and for the same amount of time as any other creature on earth, not a single one would survive. Instead, an incredible investment of time and attention causes us to learn about the world in a social network. In difficult disputes, parties may feel abandoned, isolated or attacked. These feelings are the antithesis of the nurturing environment in which many of us were reared. It’s no wonder that parties sometimes express that litigation was one of the most harrowing events of their lives, while mediation—where they had a nurturing mediator who looked out for their interests—was, in contrast, a much warmer place. Later, we follow Harold and Erica through courtship, marriage, careers and ultimately death. The biographical info is entertaining, but the real brilliance of the book is how each chapter introduces us first to the real-life issues facing our heroes, and then how Brooks uses these issues to illustrate the neuroscience and social psychology that inform our choices. There are far too many tidbits to summarize, but let me offer a couple of my favorites: • Language is learned through the use of “mirror neurons,” and if we have defects in our mirror neurons, we may be autistic, have problems learning language or have difficulty reading social situations. This may explain why some parties in a negotiation or mediation “just don’t seem to get it.” It may also be the case that expert mediators have an abundance of mirror neurons! • We are masters at subtle judgment. When someone cries at the loss of a child, we feel compassion. When someone cries because their Maserati was damaged, we feel contempt and disdain. Our reactions are not to the person, but to the person in a social context. Again, master mediators seem to frame situations in ways that create contexts more favorable to settlement. There are literally hundreds of similar observations, and they all lead to the conclusion that Brooks is right on. We are all social animals, from before we are born to our last day of life. Brooks might disagree with Orson Welles, but he’d probably be close with John Donne, who famously wrote that “no man is an island,” or even—despite crossing party lines—with Hillary Clinton, who said that “it takes a village….” Whether you are on an island or in a village or in a difficult dispute heading to mediation or arbitration, I highly recommend that you read The Social Animal. It will help you understand your own life and the lives of the other social animals who share the world with you. INTERNATIONAL FOCUSBOARD OF EDITORSVivien B. Shelanski, JAMSJay Welsh, JAMSJay Folberg, JAMS; Professor of Law Emeritus, University of San Francisco School of LawMichele Apostolos, JAMSCONTRIBUTING EDITORSJustin KellyRichard Birke, Professor of LawWillamette University College of LawLeslie GordonCONTRIBUTING STAFFJaclyn HerreraVictoria WalshDispute Resolution Alert seeks only to provide information and commentary on current developments relating to dispute resolution. The authors are not engaged in rendering legal advice or other professional services by publication of this newsletter, and information contained herein should not be used as a substitute for independent legal research appropriate to a particular case or legal issue. Dispute Resolution Alert is published by JAMS, Inc. Copyright 2012 JAMS. Photocopying or reproducing in any form in whole or in part is a violation of federal copyright law and is strictly prohibited without the publisher’s consent.JAMS DISPUTE RESOLUTIONALERTAn Update on Developments in Mediation and Arbitrationpercent saying they were satisfied with the process, and 84 percent with the result of mediation. König said this issue is the main one being discussed in the Mediation Committee. “Judges are lobbying the committee to allow them to continue to serve as mediators in cases they are not involved in,” she said. She also noted that local Chambers of Commerce are actively promoting passage of the mediation legislation.Under the proposed legislation currently before the Mediation Committee, mediations could be conducted with agreement of parties by one or more private sector mediators. “A mediator is a neutral and independent person without power of decision,” it says. Parties would be free to select their mediator, and mediators would be responsible for ensuring that the parties entered into mediation voluntarily, treating parties equally and promoting communication between the parties, it adds. Parties would be free to end the mediation at any time, and the mediator could end the mediation if he or she determines that the parties are unlikely to reach settlement or benefit from continued mediation.According to the proposed legislation, a mediator would have to disclose any possible conflicts of interest, and if he or she has previously represented a party, he or she would be prevented from serving as the mediator unless the parties are fully informed of the conflict and consent to his or her service as the neutral in the process. If requested, a mediator would be required to provide the parties with his or her professional background.The proposed legislation provides that mediators are required to maintain the confidentiality of the process, but they would be authorized to disclose if required to enforce a settlement agreement reached in mediation or disclosure is necessary “for reasons of law and order, particularly in order to avert extensive danger to the well-being of a child or the detriment of the physical or mental integrity of an individual.”Mediators would be required to have suitable training in mediation, including training on the principles of mediation, negotiation and conflict management. It also would authorize the Federal Ministry of Justice to establish additional criteria and requirements that mediators would have to meet before they could hold themselves out as certified mediators.Finally, the proposed law calls for studies that would look into the efficacy of the mediation.König said questions have been raised as to whether the proposed law as written conforms to the EU directive because it does not explicitly protect mediators from having to testify and does not provide for direct enforcement of mediation settlement agreements. German Mediation Law Continued from Page 10HAVE A BRIGHT IDEA FOR A STORY?The Dispute Resolution Alert is always looking for new and interesting article ideas and suggestions. Please email them to Victoria Walsh at vwalsh@jamsadr.com. We hope to hear from you. Download PDF[1394KB] Download Word[1571KB] Published In: Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) Updates, Civil Procedure Updates, General Business Updates, Elections & Politics Updates, International Trade Updates Founded in 1979, JAMS, The Resolution Experts, is the largest private provider of mediation and... 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Severance Pay News & Analysis as of April 16, 2014 Tweet Bill on Bankruptcy: Easterbrook Turns the Tide on Student Loans U.S. Supreme Court’s Severance Ruling Impacts Future Unemployment Benefits by Morgan Lewis on 4/11/2014 The decision in Quality Stores not only kills FICA tax refunds for millions of unemployed workers, but it also requires proactive employer actions to maximize future employer and state unemployment benefit payments to...more US v. Quality Stores, Inc.: Supreme Courts Finds Severance Payments Taxable Wages Under FICA In an 8-0 decision issued March 25, 2014 in United States v. Quality Stores, Inc., the Supreme Court held that severance payments made to employees who are involuntarily terminated are taxable wages for the purposes of...more Employee Benefits: U.S. Supreme Court Upholds FICA Tax On Severance by Bond Schoeneck & King PLLC on 4/8/2014 In our February 2014 Information Memo, we suggested that an employer that had paid out severance benefits in 2010 and later years, and paid FICA taxes on such benefits, consider filing protective refund claims based upon a...more Employment Alert by McNees Wallace & Nurick LLC on 4/7/2014 EEOC's Latest Target - Severance Agreements; Pennsylvania's Unemployment Compensation Law May Require Employers to Provide Response to Unemployment Information Requests; and Supreme Court Clarifies that...more U.S. Supreme Court Rules Severance Payments Can Be Taxed by Tucker Arensberg, P.C. on 4/4/2014 It’s a common scenario for many employers. An employee who is terminated by the employer is offered a severance package. The employee would prefer that the severance payments are made under a 1099 (and therefore not subject...more Supreme Court Holds Severance Payments Subject to FICA Tax by ThompsonMcMullan PC on 4/3/2014 Compensation for services as an employee (called “wages” in the federal tax code) are subject to FICA (social security and medicare) tax as well as income taxes. Over the past 70 years, the courts, including the U.S. Supreme...more Severance Payments to Terminated Employees are Taxable Wages under FICA by Buchanan Ingersoll & Rooney PC on 4/2/2014 The Supreme Court recently held that severance payments made to involuntarily terminated employees constituted “remuneration for employment,” for which taxes must be withheld and paid under the Federal Insurance Contributions...more Supreme Court Clarifies That Severance Payments Are Taxable On Tuesday, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled unanimously (Justice Kagan recused herself) in United States v. Quality Stores, Inc., Case No. 12-1408 that severance payments made to employees who were involuntarily terminated are...more Supreme Court Finds Severance Payments are Subject to FICA by Proskauer - ERISA Practice Center on 4/1/2014 On March 25, 2014, in a decision highly anticipated by employers, the U.S. Supreme Court held unanimously that certain severance payments paid to employees who were involuntarily terminated were taxable wages for purposes of...more FICA Taxes on Severance Payments by Davis Brown Law Firm on 4/1/2014 In certain situations, an employee whose job is eliminated may receive a lump sum severance payment from the employer. The payments vary greatly, often dependent on the length of employment and reason for the termination. The...more Supreme Court Decides Severance Not Exempt From FICA by FordHarrison on 4/1/2014 Executive Summary: On March 25, 2014, the United States Supreme Court unanimously held that certain severance payments (described as "supplemental unemployment compensation benefits" or "SUBs") constituted taxable wages for...more Supreme Court Holds Severance Payments are Taxable Wages under FICA by Dorsey & Whitney LLP on 3/31/2014 In a unanimous 8-0 decision issued on March 25, 2014, the United States Supreme Court held that severance payments made to employees terminated against their will are taxable wages under the Federal Insurance Contributions...more Supreme Court Clarifies Tax Rules for Certain Severance Payments by Farella Braun + Martel LLP on 3/31/2014 The United States Supreme Court resolved a split among the Circuit courts over whether severance payments are “wages” and thus subject to taxation under the Federal Insurance Contributions Act (“FICA”). In a unanimous...more Supreme Court Overturns The Sixth Circuit Court Of Appeals: Holds Severance Payments Subject To FICA Taxes by Polsinelli on 3/31/2014 In this e-Alert, we address the recent United States Supreme Court decision in U.S. v. Quality Stores, Inc., et al, No. 12-1408 (Sup. Ct. 03/25/2014), whereby the United States Supreme Court unanimously overturned the prior...more Severance Payments Remain Taxable Wages for Purposes of FICA by Cozen O'Connor on 3/28/2014 In an eight to zero decision (with Justice Kagan recused), the U.S. Supreme Court held on March 25 in United States v. Quality Stores, Inc. that severance payments made to involuntarily terminated employees are “wages” under...more Supreme Court Finds that Severance Pay is Wages for Purposes of Payroll Taxes by Foley Hoag LLP on 3/27/2014 On March 25, 2014, the Supreme Court held in United States v. Quality Stores, Inc. that severance payments are taxable wages for FICA purposes. This decision confirms employers’ responsibility to treat severance pay as...more Severance Payments Are Taxable Wages Under FICA The U.S. Supreme Court ruled on March 25, 2014, that severance payments made to employees terminated against their will are taxable wages under the Federal Insurance Contributions Act (FICA)....more Supreme Court Decides in Favor of IRS in Quality Stores: FICA Generally Applies to Severance Payments by McDermott Will & Emery on 3/27/2014 The Supreme Court of the United States has decided in favor of the Internal Revenue Service in United States v. Quality Stores, Inc., holding that severance payments made pursuant to plans that did not tie payments to the...more Supreme Court Rules that Severance Payments Are Taxable Under FICA I have to admit, when I read the news that the Supreme Court had ruled earlier this week that severance payments are “wages” subject to payroll taxes, I thought I was on crazy pills: Didn’t we already know that? But,...more US Supreme Court Rules Severance Pay Subject to FICA Taxes by Nexsen Pruet, PLLC on 3/27/2014 This week, the U.S. Supreme Court confirmed that severance pay is subject to FICA tax. There had been uncertainty about whether FICA taxes were due on severance payments following disparate circuit court rulings in...more SCOTUS: Severance payments are taxable by McAfee & Taft on 3/27/2014 In the words of noted American statesman Benjamin Franklin, “in this world nothing can be said to be certain, except death and taxes.” Given Franklin’s thoughts, yesterday’s decision by the U.S. Supreme Court in the case of...more Supreme Court: Severance Payments Are Wages Subject To FICA Taxes by Fisher & Phillips LLP on 3/27/2014 On March 25, 2014 the U.S. Supreme Court unanimously held that a certain type of severance payment known as supplemental unemployment compensation constituted “wages” subject to Federal Insurance Contributions Act (FICA)...more U.S. Supreme Court Ruling in Quality Stores Clarifies That Severance Pay is Taxable—in Most Cases by Drinker Biddle & Reath LLP on 3/27/2014 On Tuesday, March 25, 2014, the U.S. Supreme Court, in an 8-0 decision, ruled in Quality Stores, Inc., et al., 12-1408 that severance payments made to employees who are involuntarily terminated are taxable wages under the...more High Court Rules Some Severance Payments Are Taxable by Ogletree, Deakins, Nash, Smoak & Stewart,... on 3/26/2014 Yesterday, the Supreme Court of the United States held that severance payments are taxable under the Federal Insurance Contributions Act (FICA) when made to employees whose employment is involuntarily terminated. The Court...more Be Sure to File a Protective Claim for FICA Taxes by Ervin Cohen & Jessup LLP on 2/19/2014 The Supreme Court has agreed to review the Sixth Circuit Court of Appeals decision in United States v. 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Genevieve W. Romero LAKE ARTHUR – The family and friends of Genevieve W. Romero are mourning the loss of their love who was called from this life and into the arms of Jesus on July 8, 2013, while in the comfort of her home surrounded by her beloved family who she loved so dearly. A Mass of Christian burial will be held to honor her life at Our Lady of the Lake Catholic Church in Lake Arthur on Friday, July 12, 2013, at 10 a.m. Mrs. Genevieve will be laid to eternal rest in Andrus Cove Cemetery. Msgr. Ronald Groth will officiate. Visitation will be held at Matthews and Son Funeral Home in Lake Arthur on Thursday, July 11, 2013, from 10 a.m. until 10 p.m. with a rosary recited at 7 p.m. Visiting hours will resume on Friday at 8 a.m. until the funeral mass at 10 a.m. Genevieve was born in Jennings to the late Ramsey Wiltz and the late Elodie Guidry Wiltz on March 5, 1933. She was a homemaker and devoted her life to the care of her beloved husband, Elias, and her five children. She was a kind and loving person who always told it to you straight. She enjoyed embroidering, crocheting and memory books. She also enjoyed helping her friends and going shopping. She will be greatly missed by all who knew and loved her. Genevieve is survived by her three daughters, Donna (M.H.Jr.) McCauley of Sugarland, Texas, Magdaline (Lawton) Conner of Lake Arthur, and Jarousha Perry of Vinton; one son, Ames Romero of Lake Arthur; her 10 grandchildren; and 17 great-grandchildren. Genevieve was preceded in death by her parents, Ramsey and Elodie Wiltz; her husband, Elias Romero; one son, Ramsey Romero; her brother, Charles Wiltz; and two great-grandchildren. Carrying her to her eternal resting place will be Ames, Damon and Curth Romero, Rustin and Brady Conner and Chris Perry. Honorary pallbearers will be Stoney Walter and Wesley Fontenot. Genevieve will be escorted by her two grandsons, Chad Romero and Travis James. To extend online condolences, please visit www.matthewsandsonfuneralhome.net. Posted by Graphic Designer 2 on Jul 10 2013. 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If we were to trade down... Thread: If we were to trade down...	2014-15/0022/en_head.json.gz/6202	{"url": "http://www.jetsinsider.com/forums/threads/255276-If-we-were-to-trade-down?p=4864051&viewfull=1", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.jetsinsider.com", "date_download": "2014-04-16T09:23:47Z", "digest": "sha1:3LDP5G3QF5MI7YQBT44KPKUQESQ3C2GQ"}	{"ccnet_length": [[0, 63, 63.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 63, 1506.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 63, 2.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 63, 88.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 63, 1.0]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 63, 321.6]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 63, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 63, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 63, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 63, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 63, 0.5]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 63, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 63, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 63, 0.86363636]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 63, 0.86363636]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 63, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 63, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 63, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 63, 0.18181818]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 63, 0.36363636]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 63, 0.45454545]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 63, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 63, 1.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 63, 0.1875]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 63, 0.53846154]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 63, 3.38461538]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 63, 0.125]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 63, 1.92512119]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 63, 13.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 28, 1.0], [28, 63, 1.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 28, 0.0], [28, 63, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 28, 6.0], [28, 63, 7.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 28, 0.0], [28, 63, 0.0]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 28, 0.0], [28, 63, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 28, 0.03571429], [28, 63, 0.05714286]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 63, 0.00011683]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 63, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 63, -1.001e-05]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 63, -5.55348175]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 63, -1.89069387]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 63, -11.95572714]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 63, 2.0]], "is_duplicate": true}
MAGGID: Popularity of the Maggid.In Geonic Times.Relation to Messianism.The "Shebeṭ Musar."The "Dubner Maggid."Philosophical Maggidim. Itinerant preacher, skilled as a narrator of stories. A preacher of the more scholarly sort was called "darshan" and usually occupied the official position of rabbi. The title of "maggid mesharim" (= "a preacher of uprightness"; abbreviated ) probably dates from the sixteenth century. There always have been two distinct classes of leaders in Israel—the scholar and rabbi, and the preacher or maggid. That the popular prophet was sometimes called "maggid" is maintained by those who translate "maggid mishneh" Zech. ix. 12, by "the maggid repeats" (Löwy, "Beḳoret ha-Talmud," p. 50). Like the Greek sophists, the early maggidim based their preaching on questions addressed to them by the multitude. Thus the Pesiḳta, the first collection of set speeches, usually begins with "yelammedenu rabbenu" (= "let our master teach us"). An excellent example is the Passover Haggadah, which is introduced by four questions; the reciter of the answer is called "maggid." When there were no questions the maggid chose a Biblical text, which was called the "petiḥah" (opening).Popularity of the Maggid. The greater popularity of the maggid as compared with the darshan is instanced by the fact that the people left the lecture-room of R. Ḥiyya, the darshan, and flocked to hear R. Abbahu, the maggid. To appease the sensitive Ḥiyya, Abbahu modestly declared, "We are like two merchants, one selling diamonds and the other selling trinkets, which are more in demand" (Soṭah 40a).Talmudists like R. Meïr combined the functions of a darshan and a maggid (Sanh. 38b). When R. Isaac Nappaḥa was requested by one in his audience to preach a popular haggadah, and by another a halakic discourse, he answered, "I am like the man who had two wives, one young and one old, and each wishing her husband to resemble her in appearance; the younger pulled out his gray hair while the older pulled out his black hair, with the result that he became entirely bald." R. Isaac thereupon delivered a lecture that embraced both halakah and haggadah (B. Ḳ. 60b).In Geonic Times. Levi ben Sisi, his son Joshua, and others were at the head of a regular school of rabbinical maggidim. R. Ze'era was opposed to their methods of twisting and distorting the Biblical verses to suit their momentary fancy. In Ze'era's estimation their works were of no more value than books on magic (Yer. Ma'as. iii. 9). In the geonic period and in the Middle Ages the principal of the yeshibah, or the rabbi, delivered a lecture before each festival, giving instructions in the laws governing the days of the festival. The maggid's function was to preach to the common people in the vernacular whenever occasion required, usually on Sabbath afternoon, basing his sermon on the sidra of the week. The wandering, or traveling, maggid then began to appear, and subsequently became a power in Jewry. His mission was to preach morality, to awaken the dormant spirit of Judaism, and to keep alive the Messianic hope in the hearts of the people. The maggidim's deliverances were generally lacking in literary merit, and were composed largely of current phrases, old quotations, and Biblical interpretations which were designed merely for temporary effect; therefore none of the sermons which were delivered by them have been preserved.Maggidism reached a period of high literary activity in the sixteenth century. The expulsion of the Jews from Spain in 1492 revealed a master maggid in Isaac Abravanel. His homiletic commentary on the Bible became an inexhaustible source of suggestion for future maggidim. In his method of explaining every chapter, preceded by a number of questions, he followed the early maggidim and sophists. His long argumentations in an easy and fluent style were admirably suited to the purposes of a maggid. Moses Alshech, a maggid in Safed, Palestine, preached every Sabbath before large audiences. In his commentaries he followed closely the method of Abravanel. Alshech also became an authority for the maggidim, who quoted him frequently.Relation to Messianism. The persecutions of the Jews brought forth a number of maggidim who endeavored to excite the Messianic hope as a balm to the troubled and oppressed Jewry. Asher Lemmlein preached in Germany and Austria, announcing the coming of the Messiah in 1502, and found credence everywhere. Solomon Molko preached, without declaring the date of the advent, in both Italy and Turkey, and as a result was burned at the stake in Mantua in 1533. R. Höschel of Cracow (d. 1663) delighted in the elucidation of difficult passages in the midrash known as the "Midrash Peli'ah" (= "wonderful" or "obscure" midrash). H. Ersohn's biography of Höschel, in his "Ḥanukkat ha-Torah" (Pietrkov, 1900), gives a collection of 227 "sayings" gathered from 227 books by various writers, mostly Höschel's pupils. These sayings became current among the maggidim, who repeated them on every occasion. Some maggidim copied his methods and even created a pseudo-Midrash Peli'ah for the purpose of explaining the original ingeniously in the manner initiated by R. Höschel.The "Shebeṭ Musar." Elijah b. Solomon Abraham of Smyrna, in the beginning of the eighteenth century, published his "Shebeṭ Musar," which he divided into fifty-two chapters, one for each week. This book caused him to be known as the "Terror Maggid"; he preached moral and religious conduct as a safeguard against the terrible punishments of the day of judgment. Dante could not picture the horrors of hell and the punishments awaiting the wicked more minutely than did the author of the "Shebeṭ Musar." It established a new "fire and brimstone" school of maggidim. Judah Rosanes of Constantinople (d. 1727), in his "Parashat Derakim," combined the darshan with the maggid. He adopted a new method of harmonizing the acts of Biblical personages with the legal views of Talmudic scholars. For instance, Pharaoh, in refusing to release Israel from bondage, acted according to the contention of Abaye, while Moses insisted on Israel's release in accordance with the decision of Rabba. This farfetched pilpulism had many followers, some of whom asserted that Ahasuerus concurred in the decision of Maimonides, and that Vashti coincided with the opinion of RaBaD.The "Dubner Maggid." Jacob Kranz of Dubno, the "Dubner Maggid" (d. 1804), author of "Ohel Ya'aḳob," adopted the Midrash's method of explaining by parables and the incidents of daily life, such as the relations between the man of the city and the "yeshubnik" (village man), between the bride, the bridegroom, and the "meḥuttanim" (contracting parents), and compared their relations to those between Israel and Yhwh or between the Gentiles and the Jews. He drew also moral lessons from the "Arabian Nights" and from other secular stories in illustrating explanations of a midrash or a Biblical text. Moses Mendelssohn named Kranz the "Jewish Æsop." Kranz's pupil Abraham Bär Plahm and a host of other maggidim adopted this method. In the same period there were Jacob Israel of Kremnitz, author of "Shebeṭ mi-Yisrael," a commentary on the Psalms (Zolkiev, 1772); Judah Löw Edel of Slonim, author of "Afiḳe Yehudah," sermons (Lemberg, 1802); Ḥayyim Abraham Katz of Moghilef, author of "Milḥamak be-Shalom" (Shklov, 1797); Ezekiel Feiwel of Deretschin, author of "Toledot Adam" (Dyhernfurth, 1809) and maggid in Wilna (Levinsohn, "Bet Yehudah," ii. 149).Philosophical Maggidim. The most celebrated maggid during the nineteenth century was Moses Isaac ben Noah Darshan, the "Kelmer Maggid" (b. 1828; d. 1900, in Lida). He was among the "terror" maggidim of the "Shebeṭ Musar" school and preached to crowdedsynagogues for over fifty years in almost every city of Russian Poland. Another prominent maggid was Ḥayyim Ẓedeḳ, known as the "Rumsheshker" (Gersoni, "Sketches of Jewish Life and History," pp. 62-74, New York, 1873). The "philosophical" maggid is one who preaches from Arama's "Aḳedat" and Baḥya's "Ḥobot ha-Lebabot." Enoch Sundl Luria, the author of "Kenaf Renanim," on "Pirḳe Shirah" (Krotoschin, 1842), was a noted philosophical maggid.Meïr Leibush Malbim (d. 1880), in his voluminous commentaries on the Bible, followed to some extent Abravanel and Alshech, and his conclusions are pointed and logical. Malbim's commentaries are considered to offer the best material for the use of maggidim.From the "terror," or "Musar," maggid developed the "penitential" maggid, who, especially during the month of Elul and the ten days of penitence between New-Year's Day and Yom Kippur, urged the wicked to repent of their sins and seek God's forgiveness. Jacob Joseph, chief rabbi of the Russian Jews in New York (d. 1902), formerly maggid of Wilna, was one of these. In the middle of his preaching he would pause to recite with the people the "Shema'," the "Ḳolenu," and the "Ashamnu," raising the audience to a high pitch of religious emotion. The maggid usually ends his preaching with the words. "u-ba le-Ẓiyyon goel," etc. (a redeemer shall come to Zion speedily in our days; let us say "Amen"). Some of the wandering maggidim act also as meshullaḥim. The yeshibot in Russia and the charitable institutions of Jerusalem, especially the Wa'ad ha-Kelali, send abroad meshullaḥ-maggidim. The resident maggid who preaches at different synagogues in one city is called the "Stadt Maggid," as in Wilna and other large cities in Russia. The modern, or "maskil," maggid is called "Volksredner" (people's orator), and closely follows the German "Prediger" in his method of preaching. ẓebi Hirsch Dainow (d. 1877) was the first of the modern type of maggid, which soon developed into that of the "national," or "Zionistic," maggid. Hirsch Masliansky and Joseph Zeff, both of New York, are representatives of the latter class. See Homiletics.Bibliography: G. Deutsch, The Decline of the Pulpit, in American Hebrew, 1899, No. 17; Dor Dor u-Darshanim, in Ha-Yom, 1887, No. 213.J. J. D. 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JUDAH BEN BARZILLAI (usually called Al-Bargeloni = "the Barcelonian"): Spanish Talmudist of the end of the eleventh and the beginning of the twelfth century. Almost nothing is known of his life. He came of a very distinguished family, on account of which he was not seldom called "ha-Nasi" (the prince), a title of honor borne also by his descendants in Barcelona.It is very doubtful if Judah was a pupil of Isaac b. Reuben, as some have asserted; nor can the names of his own pupils, and whether Abraham b. Isaac (RABaD II.) of Lunel was among them, be determined. Certain it is that Abraham ben Isaac knew Judah personally and consulted him in difficult cases. Judah once had a controversy with his learned fellow citizen Abraham b. Ḥiyya. The latter, it seems, tried to postpone a wedding because the stars displayed unfavorable omens, while Judah held such a course to be contrary to law, since the regarding of omens is forbidden in the Scriptures. Judah was one of the greatest codifiers of the Middle Ages, although, with the exception of a few fragments, his writings in this department have been lost. They are often cited as authoritative, however, by Rabad II., Isaac b. Abba Mari (for both of whom he is simply "Ha-Rab," or "Ha-Rab ha-Meḥabber"), Abraham b. David (RABaD III.), and Zerahiah b. Isaac ha-Levi.The works of Maimonides and Judah b. Asher, published a century later, caused Judah's codexto be neglected, although individual scholars down to the sixteenth century made use of it. From quotations found in works of more than forty authors it is seen that Judah codified the whole law, ritual and civil. His "Sefer ha-'Ittim," of which manuscript fragments exist in the library of Jews' College, London (Hirschfeld, in "J. Q. R." xiv. 191-192), is cited by name. The fragments contain regulations for the Sabbath; but the book originally included not only regulations for the Sabbath festivals and the New Moon, but also nearly all the material treated of in the first part of the Ṭur, and probably even more than this. Part of the "Sefer ha-'Ittim" is printed in Coronel's "Zeker Natan" (pp. 129 et seq., Vienna, 1872). The part of the codex which deals with marriage laws and kindred topics is called by some "Seder Nashim"; by others, "Yiḥus She'er Bosar." The civil law was contained in the "Sefer ha-Dinim" (so read by Halberstam instead of "Sefer ha-Dayyanim"), which was divided into five "gates," and the extent of which may be judged from that portion of it published as "Sefer ha-Sheṭarot" (S. I. Halberstam, Berlin, 1898), embracing 138 pages, and treating of the different forms of contracts according to rabbinical law.Besides this halakic work Judah wrote a detailed commentary on the "Sefer Yeẓirah." Like most commentaries on this remarkable book, that by Judah helps little to an understanding of the text; on the contrary, it contains Judah's own rather diffuse, half-mystical, half-philosophical theological discussions. The author betrays, besides, an astonishing familiarity with the Talmudic-Midrashic literature, and gives extracts from works of the Geonim which are otherwise unknown.Judah was acquainted with the philosophical writings of Saadia and of Samuel b. Hophni, but not with those of Solomon ibn Gabirol and Baḥya. He shows little talent for dealing with theological or philosophical subjects. He argues strenuously against the charge made by the Karaites that the Rabbis favored anthropomorphisms. The "Sefer Yeẓirah" was first published by Halberstam in 1885 (Berlin).A treatise on the preparation of scrolls of the Law, published by E. Adler in "J. Q. R." ix. 681-716, is attributed to Judah, but hardly with sufficient reason. In his commentary to the "Sefer Yeẓirah" Judah mentions another of his own works, "Zemannim," about which nothing further is known. To judge from certain allusions of Judah it would seem that he wrote a commentary also on the Bible; at any rate he had planned such a work.Bibliography: Bacher, in J. Q. R. x. 381-382; idem, in R. E. J. xvii. 272-284; E. Adler, ib. ix. 669-681; Halberstam, in the introduction to Judah ben Barzillai's commentary on the Sefer Yeẓirah and Sefer ha-Sheṭarot; idem, in J. Q. R. x. 165-167; Kaufmann, in additions to Judah's Yeẓirah commentary; J. H. Weiss, in Ha-Asif, iv. 221-225; Zunz, in Catalogus . . . Lipsiensis, p. 321.S. S. L. 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[Page CXXXIX] Remembering Those Who Left Us for Their Eternal Rest To their eternal memory The list that is published here contains only a small percentage of the people who conducted the communal work of our city and deserve to have their names illuminated in the history of Jewish Czenstochow. Translated by Miriam Lebenstein Edited by Gloria Berkenstat Freund Mikhal and Tseshe Alter Mikhal Alter was a member of the Zionist Socialist Workers Party from his early youth to old age; he did not know any Yiddish. He was a practical activist and planner for the party. (Photo, caption: Mikhal Alter) (Photo, right, caption: Tseshe Alter) (Photo, left, caption: Hankele Alter) Tseshe Federman, whom he married in the years following World War I, was employed in the Neufeld office. She distinguished herself by her modesty and her distinctive aristocratic appearance. Mikhal Alter, Tseshe and their daughter, Hankele, perished during the period from 1939-1945. Dov Ber Boczan Berl Boczan was born in Czenstochow in 1877. In 1898 he and his father, Reb Moshe Boczan, established the Yiddish printing ship on Allee 6. After his father's death, he ran the printing shop in partnership with his brother, the typesetter and printer, Shimon Boczan. Berl Boczan was a managing member of several Jewish social institutions, and publisher of the Czenstochower Tageblat [Czenstochower Daily Newspaper] and the Czenstochower Zeitung [Czenstochower Daily]. He died on the 23 of Sivan, 5699 [June 10, 1939], at the age of 62. Avraham Ber Birnbaum Avraham Ber Birnbaum was born on the third day of Shevat in 1865 [January 30th] in Pultusk (Poland), into the religious family of a Kotsher Hasid, a religious scholar. Until the age of 12, he studied in kheders [religious elementary schools], and then in the beis midrash [religious house of study]. His father married him off at the age of 17. He was one of the greatest tish zingers [table singers] at the rebbe's table, but he dedicated his soul to music. This displeased his father-in-law, and he was divorced. Birnbaum married for the second time at 19. (Photo, caption: Avraham Ber Birnbaum with his family) In 1890, he became khazen [cantor] and shoykhet [ritual slaughterer] in Przasnysz. In 1893, he gave up his work as shoykhet and accepted an invitation to become chief cantor in the newly built synagogue in Czenstochow. Here, a whole new world opened up for Birnbaum. He became seriously interested in music, began to write articles about music in Hebrew and German. In 1906, he opened a school for cantors in Czenstochow, where he strove to combine cantorial arts with secular musical education. The school attracted tens of cantors, and later great opera singers, and was renowned in all of Poland and Russia. After 13 years at the cantors' school, he also became a lecturer in the German school. In 1913, he resigned from his position as chief cantor of Czenstochow and moved to Lodz. On a visit to Czenstochow, he suddenly fell ill with a brain inflammation, and died on Friday, November 11, 1922, at the age of 58. [Page CXL] Makhl Birncwajg Makhl Birncwajg was born in 1907, his parents' youngest son. He received a Jewish religious education in kheder, then attended the Jewish gymnazia, where he was drawn into the Zionist youth groups. He soon became disappointed with Zionism, and joined the illegal Communist party. Under the Nazi's bloody regime, Makhl Birncwajg and his brother, Pinkhas, were employed by the Germans as upholsterers. A furniture lager [work camp] was set up in the building of Wajnberg's factory. There came the saddest day for the Jewish community in Czenstochow September 22, 1942, Ukrainians and Nazis were posted all along the streets. The way to the zamlplatz [gathering place for deportation] led through the gate and the furniture lager where a German guard stood. At a certain moment, Birncwajg managed to divert the attention of the supervisor and of the guards and a stream of driven and persecuted Jews was able to escape into the furniture lager, their number reaching 600. This was one of the most difficult feats (Photo, caption: Makhl Birncwajg) carried out under the noses of the Germans and of the two Jewish spies, Kulibayke [Editor's note: possibly a corruption of the Russian work kulebyaka or coulibiac a Russian main dish pastry often made with salmon] and Gnat, sent in especially by the Gestapo. But it was made possible by the persistence and the steel nerves of Makhl Birncwajg. Yakov Pat, describing the destruction of the Jewish population, wrote of him: The secret underground fighting organization under the direction of the heroic Makhl Birncwajg, also drove out the wagons of cupboards, shelves and chests, but inside there lay Jewish mothers and children who had been smuggled out under the noses of the Germans. They were taken to underground bunkers that had been prepared for them. Some of the children today live in children's homes. On July 8, 1943, Czenstochow's German executioner, Degenhard, entered the furniture lager with a band of police and ordered Birncwajg to gather his entire family, that is, his mother, brother and wife. He quickly realized that the Angel of Death was standing before him. Somehow he managed to escape, jumping over a fence. His 72 year old mother was shot on the spot. Makhl Birncwajg hid with well known honorable Poles, who constantly blackmailed him and finally turned him over to the executioners. He no longer had the will to escape. On July 28 he was shot to death with 60 other Jews in the Jewish cemetery. Leibish Berkowicz Leibl Berkowicz was one of the young generation of Jewish workers who were awakened by the freedom movement of 1905 to the struggle for a new and healthy Jewish life. His served the ideal of the Zionist Socialist Workers party, Socialist Territorialism his entire life. He married Yentl Sliwinski and the five children they raised: Ruzhe, Shimshon, Dalia, Genia and Matush, were in the first ranks of the beauties, the singers and the artists of the I.L. Peretz Children's Home and public school that Leibish and Yentl helped to establish. (Photos: right, caption: Leibish Berkowicz; left, caption: Genia Berkowicz) Leibish and Yentl Berkowicz and their daughter, Rushe, and her child, as well as Shimshon, were killed during the Nazi era. Remaining was Genia (today a teacher in the I.L. Peretz school) with her husband and Matush. Leyzer Berkowicz He followed the rabbi, Rafal Federman. Starting together in the S.D.K.P.L. [Social Democratic Party of the Kingdom of Poland and Lithuania], they went on to the Zionist Socialist Workers party, took part in the choruses of the literary society, Lira, then later in the Fareinikte [United] party. He was a shoemaker and worked for a long time in Dzialowski's workshop; later he ran his own workshop in the Second Allee. No trace remains of him, his wife from Noworadomsk and their children. Dr. Batawia and Dr. Kihan Kulin In addition to their activities in a whole range of charitable and communal organization, they distinguished themselves with their administration of the Jewish hospital. It should be noted that Dr. Mikulski, a Christian, contributed greatly to the development of the Jewish hospital. Avram Brat Quiet, calm, keeping his thoughts to himself, Avram Brat began his career in communal organizations practically in childhood during the First World War, in the office of the Zionist Socialist Workers organization in Allee 43. He later became the treasurer of the large Fareinikte [United] party, Melukhe [State] in Czenstochow, administrator of Dos Neye Vort [The New Word] and tens of other administrative positions in various institutions. [Pages CXLI] In 1924, he married comrade Ruzhe Plawner. In 1926 he took over the directorship of the I.L. Peretz Children's Home and Folkshul [public elementary school], an honor bestowed on very few, but also a heavy burden and superhuman strain, under the conditions of internal party struggle from the inside and Fascist reaction from the outside. Under the Nazi regime he and Wolf Fajge also continued to run the I.L. Peretz House, which was a shelter for refugees from Lodz and Plotsk. Letters from him kept coming in the first few years of World War II. In one letter he advised that he had lost his home, along with his furniture and clothing. The Nazis took everything he had and, along with thousands of others, confined him in the ghetto. (Photo, caption: Abram Brat) (Photos, captions, right: Ruzhe Plawner Brat; left: daughter of A. and R. Brat) Shortly thereafter, he and his daughter, then already 16 years old, went the way of the millions of Jewish martyrs. Brom, Dr. Arnold Longtime chairman of the Zionist organization in Czenstochow. He was also a member of the community leadership and a member of the city council Gotajner, Hershl His main characteristic was his involvement in philosophy. He began as a schoolboy in the local commercial school, wearing a hat with blue bands. He then belonged to the group of Zionist Socialist Workers Party amateur intellectuals. Later, he studied in Krakow. In his years of cultural activities, he would go on walks through the streets and avenues of Czenstochow, philosophizing about Nietzsche, Kant, Hegel and Spinoza. He married Miss Rajkher and ran his own business. He was an original person and a strong character, hard to beat in a discussion on social issues. He is no longer among the living. Gajsler, Dr. Hipolit Dr. Gajsler for the most part dedicated his communal activities to the Jewish artisan and for many years was involved with the artisans club. Goldsztajn, Shmuel As early as 1914, Shmuel Goldsztajn was considered first among the candidates for leadership of the Jewish community, on the slate put forward in opposition to the assimilationists. During World War I, he became president of the Jewish community, and held this office for a long time. He was in Warsaw until 1940 under the Nazi occupation. Then he returned to Czenstochow, where he was killed by the German murderers at Treblinka. Gelber, Meir Son of Haim Hirsh and Royze. Born in 1890. Shared the fate of the martyrs of 1939-1945. Wilenberg, Peretz Peretz Wilenberg was well known in Czenstochow as an artist. Some of his works earned him a name and recognition throughout Poland. He was skilled in (Drawing by P. Wilenberg in the distinct Jewish style, honoring the Jewish martyrs and personalities.) [Page CXLII] drawing, ran an art school in his home and taught drawing in the Artisans School, the Jewish gymnazie [high school] and the I.L. Peretz Folkshul [public school]. During the Nazi regime he was in Warsaw, pretending to be deaf and dumb so as not to betray himself with his accent in Polish. After Hitler's defeat, he lived in Lodz, where he died February 17, at the age of 73. Winsztok, Haim; Epsztajn, Adolf; Filipowicz, Dovid They ran the association of small businessmen and gave a lot of time and energy to the struggle to protect the Jewish market merchants and small businessmen. Czarnowiecki, Yakov Yitzhak His whole life was work and poverty, from his earliest years to his martyr's death. He began as a worker making toys and a simple soldier in the ranks of the Zionist Socialists in the years 1904-05. He did not abandon his party during the reactionary years. During World War I he was a railroad worker, and during that time, he married Dorka Szacher. He was liberated from his work when Poland was liberated, and was the secretary of the Central Bureau of the Central Council of the Professional Associations. But he continued to struggle financially and suffered poverty. He fathered two children and his poverty grew. When the Czenstochow city administration established an omnibus route between Rakow and the city, he became, by some miracle, the only Jewish contractor among the otherwise non-Jewish city appointees. He was almost the only one in Czenstochow who went over to Poale-Zion with Dr. Kruk. His martyr's death is described in the report of Khurbn Czenstochow. So lived and died a modest man of the people. Fojgl, Mendl; Krel, Yitzhak Meir They were activists in the Agudah [Orthodox political party]. The latter [Krel] was also a member of the Czenstochow city council. Koniarski, Lawyer Mendl; Szeriker, William; Dr. Asz (a son of Rabbi Nakhum Asz) They distinguished themselves by their activities on behalf of the Jews of Czenstochow. Dr. Asz was also one of the founders and, for many years, the president of Makabi [Jewish sports organization]. Koblinc, Rabbi Josef Shimeon, of blessed memory Josef Shimeon Klobinc was one of the most unusual religious Jews found in Czenstochow. In his youth, he joined the Hovevei Zion [Lovers of Zion] movement, and since he was a talented speaker and great religious scholar, his famous sermons about Eretz Yisroel drew a large audience. During the 45 years he lived in Czenstochow, he was active in a large number of social and religious organizations. He died November 1937. His death evoked great sorrow among the Jews of Czenstochow. Thousands of people took part in his funeral. The Vad haMizrakhi [council of Mizrakhi Religious Zionists] of Czenstochow decided to memorialize the name of Josef Shimeon Klobinc in the Golden Book of the Jewish National Fund. Rozenberg, Yankev Yankev Rozenberg came to Czenstochow from Warsaw in 1912 and soon became active, first in the Yiddish Literary Society, then in Lira [singing society]. He actively participated in and supported Jewish culture and social institutions, was one of the founders of gymnazie founded by Dr. Akser. He helped to create the Medem Bibliotheque and fought for Yiddish and for the rights of the Jewish masses and their own institutions in the times of the assimilationist leaders. As a longtime resident of the Jewish community, he gained the love and appreciation if all segments of the Jewish population in Czenstochow. Yankev Rozenberg died during the terrible time of the Nazi occupation. Not a trace remains of his family (wife and only daughter). Fajge, Wolf He was a worker at Fajge's candle factory. He devoted all of his free time to the party, and to the professional movement. In addition, he still found time to establish a library in Szarik [Zarki], and to participate in running the schools. In 1938, when the Independents were liquidated, he joined the Bund. He and his wife were murdered. His son survived and is in a D.P. camp in Germany. Markusfeld, Henrik It seems that no other name is as strongly associated with the industrial development of Czenstochow as the name Markusfeld. (Photo, caption: Henrik Markusfeld) The brothers, Henrik and Dr. Josef Markusfeld, developed and expanded the efforts in industrial, social and philanthropic [Pages CXLIII] fields that their father, Adolf Markusfeld, had begun. The artisans school in Czenstochow was built at the initiative and with the support of the brothers, Henrik and Josef Markusfeld in the name of their parents, Adolf and Astina. The horticulture farm and a whole array of other philanthropic institutions were established with their participation. Of the two brothers, it was the eldest, Henrik, whose communal activities were the most outstanding. There was hardly a social institution in Czenstochow in which he was not an official president, chairman, or member of the management. The evening he was not occupied, he enjoyed at the Lira [singing society]. He often used to stand in front of the warm oven surrounded by a group of Liristn [members of the singing society, Lira]. He would pronounce words of wisdom and sometimes would lecture the extreme Yiddishists [advocates of Yiddish and Yiddish culture]. But even more than the oven, he was warmed by the ardor of the youth who came to Lira. His manifold duties and pursuits never prevented him from participating in the meetings of the management of tens of institutions. He rarely missed a meeting. He was once late for a meeting of Lira. He apologized, explaining that he had just arrived on the express train from Breslau. I feel more comfortable with you than with the Germans, he added. A whole array of Jewish cultural and professional institutions that were always financially shaky continued to exist thanks to his power and assistance. He paid rent; he covered the deficits for their programs. What is happening with the rent, he would ask the dentist, Ahron Peretz, president of Lira. Drop in and see me tomorrow. When Henrik Markusfeld died, he was mourned by all of Czenstochow, which gave him the largest funeral ever held there. Nirenberg, Yehoshua The Nirenbergs were known for their stationery store in the Second Allee. Their two sons, Henekh and Yehoshua, were members of the Zionist Socialist Workers Party. Henekh made his first appearance in the arena of community affairs during the first elections for the Czenstochow city council during the German occupation in 1917. Along with three others he was elected on the Zionist Socialist Workers Party slate in the sixth district. He was again elected city councilman in free Poland and his making public the hard facts about anti-Semitism among the leaders of the city council did not please them at all. Nevertheless, he later became the only Jew employed by city hall. No trace remains of him, his wife and his only son, Marek. Nemirowski, Shmuel One of the most energetic social activists in the time following the First World War. Chairman of the homeless shelter, member of Makabi, chairman of the Revisionist Party and active in other institutions. Killed during the Nazi era. Erlikh, Hershele He was the quiet dreamer from Kamyk, his small shtetl. The dream of his life was to see Kamyk brought to life, busy at work, progressive. His greatest achievement was the children's home and folkshul [Editor's note: secular public school with Yiddish as the language of instruction] in Kamyk. He was a member of the Zionist Socialist Workers Party and of Fareinikte [United], and a Fraylandist [Editor's note: possibly a follower of Nakhman Rozensztajn, a resident of Piotrkow Trybunalski, who was a Bundist leader known as Frayland free country]. His ambitions reflected his quiet nature to do something for his Kamyk, to help out the editors of Dos Naye Vort [The New Word] in Czenstochow. He was the same when he was in Warsaw. (Photo, caption: Hershele Erlikh) He was married in Warsaw, had a child and lived in terrible poverty somewhere in the corner of a kitchen. He and his wife and child went hungry, but in the little time left to him, he gave to others. He perished during the years 1939-1945. Rotbard, Zelig and Chesha (Sztajn) Zelig Rotbard, a son of Itshe Ber and Szprinca, who ran a leather business at number 23 at the Old Market, was well known in Czenstochow. While still young, he belonged to the Social Democratic Party (S.D.K.P.L.); later, he became an active member of the Jewish Literary Society, where he met and married Chesha Sztajn. They raised two daughters, the older, Lola (Laya) and the younger, Sela (Feygl). (Photo, caption: Zelig Rotbard) Under the Nazi regime, Zelig Rotbard was a member of the Judenrat and he, his wife and younger daughter were killed with a group of Jews who were taken on Purim to the cemetery and murdered there. [Pages CXLIV] In 1940 their older daughter married Henry (Henekh) Helman. Both survived and now live in New York. Rikhter, Dovid In the revolutionary world of pre-war Poland, Dovid Rikhter held one of the most important places in the movement. Born in Czenstochow, he achieved exceptional mastery of the Polish language, and was also active as a journalist and editor in the Polish proletarian press. But he was still greatly drawn to Yiddish, Yiddish culture and to Jewish revolutionary activities. He came out of the old Polish Social Democratic Party (S.D.K.P.L.), and together with the best elements of the party, poured himself into the Communist Party of Poland. Amazingly, coming from the S.D.K.P.L., where the assimilationist and nationalist-nihilist tendencies were considerable, he nevertheless continued to focus directly on Jewish issues in the Communist movement. Dovid Rikhter remained true to this work until the end. Dovid Rikhter shone as a splendid journalist, as a basic and uniquely keen and logical polemicist, as a fine pamphleteer and theater critic, with taste and judgment. His serious published works in the Literarishe Tribune, his theoretical pamphlets (under the name, L. Hankes), his brilliant articles in Fraynd [Friend], (under the name D. Leybin), his brochures and literary works, brought him into the ranks of the foremost journalists. Dovid Rikhter had a unique style, with a light touch, elegant writing, love of wordplay, and distaste for hackneyed phrases; he was consistently argumentative with tact. Years of imprisonment in pre-war Poland, the continual bitter worries about making a living, his troubled life, did not make him angry or bitter or heavy hearted. He always had a joke, a bon mot on his lips, was always congenial, had time to discuss new artistic forms or an interesting theater production. This was a life-affirming person who loved life and friends. In 1940 he became editor of the Yiddish newspaper, Di Bialystoker Shtern in Bialystok and devoted himself to social and literary endeavors. He perished during the slaughter in Slonim in 1941. Szlezinger, Dudek He was the son of rich parents, who had a big house and a ribbon factory on Spodek Street. He studied engineering in Belgium, but did not complete the course. He began his communal activities during World War I. He worked with the workers' council with Joshek Finkelsztajn. His energy, like an endless volcano, flowed over activities of Fareinikte [United] and later, Umophendike [Independent]. He met Regina Gros, the unique beauty who grew up in the basement of the house on the corner of Spodek and Onrodow, in the party and he married her. During the Nazi regime, they tried to save their only child by entrusting it to a Christian acquaintance, who betrayed them. The Gestapo brought the child to their house and murdered it before its parents' eyes. Dudek and Regina were both killed along with all of the martyrs of Czenstochow. Szlezinger, Dovid; Sztiller, Zigmund; Borzykowski, Dovid; the Dykman Brothers; Neufeld, Moritz They distinguished themselves by their work with the factory owners and merchants association. Moritz Neufeld, previously an assimilator, also distinguished himself with his courageous exploits against the Endekes in the city council. *[Editor's notes: Assimilator a Jew who totally assimilated into the surrounding cultural environment. Endekes members of the anti-Semitic National Democratic Party.] Szapiro, Feliks At first he was one of the leaders of the business employees, later a Zionist activist with the aldermen in city hall. He distinguished himself by his fight against anti-Semitism in the city council. Weksler, Haim He was an activist in Mizrakhi. He was president of the kehile and for many years, a member of the Czenstochow city council. He was beloved in the city as a good hearted person and philanthropist. Sztarke, Mrs. Salomea The home for the elderly and for orphans named for Mina Verde in Czenstochow was one of its most popular institutions and Mrs. Salomea Sztarke, with her exceptional energy, almost single-handedly took on the burden of sustaining the institution for over twenty years. She was able to obtain subsidies for the institution from the city government, amounting to 2,000 zlotys a month, from the Jewish community, and most interestingly, from philanthropy. This made it possible to establish a kitchen for the orphans and elderly and, in 1928, a new floor was added to the old building. The number of elderly and orphans in the home began to grow and a teaching staff was hired for the children. (Photo, caption: Salomea Sztarke) Representatives of the Czenstochow Jewish community published their thanks and appreciation to Mrs. Sztarke. She was killed during the period of 1939-1945. 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by Dr. Eliezer Shaklai Translated by Ruth Yoseffa Erez The cemetery is part of the community. It serves as a live testimony to the history of the community from the beginning. It is as old as the community is. The first Jewish settlers in our town bought a piece of land and sanctified it for a cemetery. They dug graves and put tombstones on them on which they engraved the name of the deceased and a summary of his life and achievements. In between vegetable gardens and fields of grains, in the south western corner of the town, to the right of Riska street, on a hill surrounded by a stone wall � there was our cemetery. A wide gate stood at the entrance, on it was written: Tzedakah (charity) saves from death. To the right of the gate stood the undertaker's apartment. Opposite it to the left there were the Tahara (purity) rooms. In the cemetery the old was mixed with the new. Right next to the entrance on the right side, there were a few middle sized structures with tombstones inside them. Those were family graves of the rich and prominent Jews, called shtibalach. Around them were hundreds of years old tombstones, deep in the ground, crooked and covered with grass and mold. The letters were erased by the rain, the wind and the time. In between those tombs were bushes. As we withdrew farther away from the cemetery entrance the tombstones became straight and the writing clear. That is where the new part began. There were tombstones from our time, big white stone with engraved letters, familiar names. There was a custom in the Israeli house: mass visits to the cemetery in the month of Elul. During the early hours of the morning, many visitors came in. The cantor would eulogize and sing el male rachamim and the visitors would hand out donations to the poor. Of course people would also visit the place during the year on memorial days and also just to pour their hearts out in this holy place. During WWI the cemetery was harmed. For months, the front between the Austrian and the Russian armies was inside the town, and the Austrian army dug its trenches around the cemetery. From this action and from the artillery shells, the graves, the tombstones and part of the wall suffered heavy damages. In the years between the two world wars, the Jewish community rehabilitated the cemetery. It was Baruch (Boozia) Stark that took the job upon him and fulfilled it completely. He cleaned the cemetery, rehabilitated the tombstones and fixed the wall. During the Soviet rule, all the activities of the Jewish community ceased to exist including the supervision of the cemetery. The Germans and their helpers utilized the cemetery and were responsible for thousands of victims, some in single graves and some in mass graves. They uprooted tombstones and used them to build roads and buildings and ruined the cemetery. When we returned to the town with the Soviet army in 1944, the few of us who stayed alive would visit the lonely and broken cemetery and commune with the memory of the holy victims. May those who dwell in it rest in peace. Old tombstones in Brzezany's Jewish cemetery: A tombstone from the beginning of the 19th century (photocopied from the book ZYDZI W POLSCE ODROCZONEJ)Old Tombstone from 1643 (Hebrew year of 5403) Berezhany, Ukraine Updated 06 Jun 2013 by JH	2014-15/0022/en_head.json.gz/6206	{"url": "http://www.jewishgen.org/yizkor/berezhany/ber136.html", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.jewishgen.org", "date_download": "2014-04-16T07:21:46Z", "digest": "sha1:3GSKWIVH5FZJKKB3REA6T5LQPNDDSLIB"}	{"ccnet_length": [[0, 3310, 3310.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 3310, 4424.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 3310, 18.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 3310, 40.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 3310, 0.98]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 3310, 317.0]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 3310, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 3310, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 3310, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 3310, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 3310, 0.41993958]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 3310, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 3310, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 3310, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 3310, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 3310, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 3310, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 3310, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 3310, 0.02253098]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 3310, 0.00675929]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 3310, 0.00901239]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 3310, 0.01208459]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 3310, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 3310, 0.13293051]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 3310, 0.4592721]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 3310, 4.6152513]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 3310, 0.0]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 3310, 4.79218994]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 3310, 577.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 23, 0.0], [23, 55, 0.0], [55, 210, 1.0], [210, 440, 1.0], [440, 843, 1.0], [843, 1293, 1.0], [1293, 1528, 1.0], [1528, 1930, 1.0], [1930, 2233, 1.0], [2233, 2482, 1.0], [2482, 2608, 1.0], [2608, 2847, 1.0], [2847, 3070, 1.0], [3070, 3116, 0.0], [3116, 3167, 0.0], [3167, 3266, 0.0], [3266, 3285, 0.0], [3285, 3310, 0.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 23, 0.0], [23, 55, 0.0], [55, 210, 0.0], [210, 440, 0.0], [440, 843, 0.0], [843, 1293, 0.0], [1293, 1528, 0.0], [1528, 1930, 0.0], [1930, 2233, 0.0], [2233, 2482, 0.0], [2482, 2608, 0.0], [2608, 2847, 0.0], [2847, 3070, 0.0], [3070, 3116, 0.0], [3116, 3167, 0.0], [3167, 3266, 0.0], [3266, 3285, 0.0], [3285, 3310, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 23, 4.0], [23, 55, 5.0], [55, 210, 30.0], [210, 440, 43.0], [440, 843, 72.0], [843, 1293, 79.0], [1293, 1528, 38.0], [1528, 1930, 74.0], [1930, 2233, 51.0], [2233, 2482, 40.0], [2482, 2608, 20.0], [2608, 2847, 39.0], [2847, 3070, 44.0], [3070, 3116, 6.0], [3116, 3167, 9.0], [3167, 3266, 15.0], [3266, 3285, 2.0], [3285, 3310, 6.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 23, 0.0], [23, 55, 0.0], [55, 210, 0.0], [210, 440, 0.0], [440, 843, 0.0], [843, 1293, 0.0], [1293, 1528, 0.0], [1528, 1930, 0.0], [1930, 2233, 0.0], [2233, 2482, 0.0], [2482, 2608, 0.0], [2608, 2847, 0.0], [2847, 3070, 0.01826484], [3070, 3116, 0.0], [3116, 3167, 0.04], [3167, 3266, 0.08510638], [3266, 3285, 0.0], [3285, 3310, 0.24]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 23, 0.0], [23, 55, 0.0], [55, 210, 0.0], [210, 440, 0.0], [440, 843, 0.0], [843, 1293, 0.0], [1293, 1528, 0.0], [1528, 1930, 0.0], [1930, 2233, 0.0], [2233, 2482, 0.0], [2482, 2608, 0.0], [2608, 2847, 0.0], [2847, 3070, 0.0], [3070, 3116, 0.0], [3116, 3167, 0.0], [3167, 3266, 0.0], [3266, 3285, 0.0], [3285, 3310, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 23, 0.13043478], [23, 55, 0.125], [55, 210, 0.01935484], [210, 440, 0.01304348], [440, 843, 0.01736973], [843, 1293, 0.01555556], [1293, 1528, 0.01276596], [1528, 1930, 0.01492537], [1930, 2233, 0.02970297], [2233, 2482, 0.02811245], [2482, 2608, 0.02380952], [2608, 2847, 0.0125523], [2847, 3070, 0.01345291], [3070, 3116, 0.06521739], [3116, 3167, 0.01960784], [3167, 3266, 0.25252525], [3266, 3285, 0.10526316], [3285, 3310, 0.16]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 3310, 0.78866142]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 3310, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 3310, 0.3749305]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 3310, 42.05572621]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 3310, 69.01624424]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 3310, 154.77793048]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 3310, 35.0]], "is_duplicate": true}
Jewish World Review Dec. 1, 2000 / 4 Kislev, 5761 Giving 'sleepovers' a new meaning http://www.jewishworldreview.com -- WHEN I WAS A TEEN, I loved sleepovers. A group of us girls would gather at one of our homes, get out the snacks, turn on the TV, and talk well into the night about - of course - boys. Well today the sleepover tradition continues, but apparently there has been one small change: now the boys are in the room with their sleeping bags too. Co-ed sleepovers for teenagers are all the rage and have been for a few years, at least in the Washington, D.C. metropolitan area, according to a recent article on the phenomenon in the Washington Post. One 17-year-old would-be suburban party-hoster put it this	2014-15/0022/en_head.json.gz/6207	{"url": "http://www.jewishworldreview.com/cols/hart120100.asp", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.jewishworldreview.com", "date_download": "2014-04-16T07:23:22Z", "digest": "sha1:WE7UKLOBIXZGV4BE6JVDB662JYWGMRJG"}	{"ccnet_length": [[0, 718, 718.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 718, 1419.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 718, 4.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 718, 48.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 718, 0.95]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 718, 251.5]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 718, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 718, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 718, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 718, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 718, 0.3803681]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 718, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 718, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 718, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 718, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 718, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 718, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 718, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 718, 0.02688172]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 718, 0.05376344]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 718, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 718, 0.06134969]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 718, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 718, 0.22699387]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 718, 0.74590164]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 718, 4.57377049]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 718, 0.0]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 718, 4.32763308]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 718, 122.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 50, 0.0], [50, 84, 0.0], [84, 457, 1.0], [457, 718, 0.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 50, 0.0], [50, 84, 0.0], [84, 457, 0.0], [457, 718, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 50, 9.0], [50, 84, 5.0], [84, 457, 65.0], [457, 718, 43.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 50, 0.22727273], [50, 84, 0.0], [84, 457, 0.0], [457, 718, 0.008]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 50, 0.0], [50, 84, 0.0], [84, 457, 0.0], [457, 718, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 50, 0.1], [50, 84, 0.02941176], [84, 457, 0.04825737], [457, 718, 0.02681992]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 718, 0.02292055]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 718, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 718, 0.00744832]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 718, -27.9566248]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 718, 2.61522274]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 718, -28.44513991]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 718, 10.0]], "is_duplicate": true}
Posted by anonymous on Monday, July 11, 2011 at 8:07pm. Select 2 cards from a deck of 52, a. Find the probability of getting 2 hearts b. Find the probability of getting a heart on the 2nd draw given that you got a heart on the first draw math - Max, Monday, July 11, 2011 at 8:11pm A. There are 13 hearts from a standard deck of 52 cards. Therefore, there is a 13/52, or 1/4, chance of choosing a heart. Now, there are 12 out of 51 hearts to choose from. The probability of choosing a second heart is 12/51, or 4/17. Thus, the probability of drawing 2 hearts is 1/44/17 = 1/17. math - bobpursley, Monday, July 11, 2011 at 8:12pm Without replacment Pr(2hearts)=13/5212/51 pr(second heart\|firstcard was heart)=12/51 Refer to A. for the answer to b. Oops, I meant 12 hearts out of 51 cards, not 51 hearts. Probability - A card is drawn from a standard deck of cards. Find P(A U B) in ... Probability - Draw ten cards from a deck of 52 standard. Find the probability of... Stats - Directions: Suppose you have a standard deck 52 cards (4 suits: hearts... Math - A standard deck of cards contains 52 cards. Of these cards there are 13 ... Statistics - Please help. Find the probability of getting 2 hearts if the cards ... Math - Three cards are drawn from a deck of 52 playing cards and not replaced. ... Statistics - you draw two cards from a standard deck of 52 cards, but before you... PROBABILITY - FIND THE PROBABILITY OF DRAWING AT LEAST ONE CLUB WHEN YOU DRAW ... math - Assume that you randomly select 8 cards from a deck of 52. What is the ... Finite Math - Assume that you randomly select 8 cards from a deck of 52. 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Search: CRT-205 CRITICAL THINKER Number of results: 4,378 CRT-205 CRITICAL THINKER HOW MIGHT A PRESON DISTINGUISH BETWEEN THE PREJUDICIAL AND NON-PREJUDICIAL USE OF RHETORICAL DEVICES? PROVIDE AN EXAMPLE OF EACH AND EXPLAIN YOUR ANSWER. Thursday, November 26, 2009 at 2:05pm by kase HOW MIGHT A PRESON DISTINGUISH BETWEEN THE PREJUDICIAL AND NON-PREJUDICIAL USE OF RHETORICAL DEVICES? PROVIDE AN EXAMPLE OF EACH AND EXPLAIN YOUR ANSWER. Thursday, November 26, 2009 at 2:05pm by Anonymous CRT/205 I am currently in CRT/205. This class is not that hard if you read all the material and ask questions to your instructor or go to the critical thinking lab located under the library tab. Wednesday, March 31, 2010 at 9:07pm by Anonymous crt 205 The class is Critical Thinking 205 at University of Phoenix Axia. Jessica, I can only presume to know what the final project is since I have taken the course, but you need to specify what it is by including it in your post. Monday, December 22, 2008 at 3:05pm by Suz crt 205 critical thinking In the future how will critical thinking influence the ways that you: a) Read? b) Write? C.) Process Information? II. Why and how could you apply critical thinking when evaluating each of the following: a) Articles? b) Advertising? c)Media? d) Conversations? Tuesday, February 3, 2009 at 11:52pm by Anonymous CRT/205 critical thinking Friday, October 16, 2009 at 5:34pm by Linda What does CRT 205 stand for? Is this English, law, etc.? Sra Friday, April 10, 2009 at 11:31pm by SraJMcGin CRITICAL THINKING CHECKPOINT 2 Wednesday, March 31, 2010 at 9:07pm by tony CRT/205 How does critical thinking affect you as a reader and writer? Wednesday, November 11, 2009 at 11:29pm by black go to aceyourclassesdotcom for crt 205 assignments Wednesday, March 3, 2010 at 10:06pm by sami example of arbitary interference Sunday, February 21, 2010 at 1:08am by linda In the future how will critical thinking influence the ways that you: a) Read? b) Write? C.) Process Information? II. Why and how could you apply critical thinking when evaluating each of the following: a) Articles? b) Advertising? c) Media? d)Conversations? Wednesday, October 28, 2009 at 2:59pm by Anonymous CRITICAL THINKING (AXIA) CRT/205 there is no appendix needed for this assignment Sunday, June 22, 2008 at 2:22pm by michele crt 205 Week 6 DQ 2 critical thinking text Monday, March 1, 2010 at 5:57pm by Anonymous checkpoint1 week 7 argument validity Tuesday, February 3, 2009 at 11:52pm by Shaley critical thinking crt 205 We still do not do your work. Do you have a specific question? Monday, June 21, 2010 at 2:47am by GuruBlue Why and how could you apply critical thinking when evaluating.. articles,advertising,media and conservation? Wednesday, February 10, 2010 at 7:19pm by Tracie You can get solutions / answers for CRT205 from uopaxiasolutions dot com Monday, June 21, 2010 at 2:47am by Jimmy You can get answers from uopaxiasolutions dot com for CRT205 if you're interested. Sunday, February 21, 2010 at 1:08am by Jimmy Tuesday, February 3, 2009 at 11:52pm by Jimmy Does the author use moral reasoning? If not, explain how you determined this. Monday, June 21, 2010 at 2:47am by Anonymous Why and How could you apply critical thinking when evaluating each of the following: Articles Advertising Media Conversations Thursday, December 18, 2008 at 1:29pm by Norma Why and how could you apply critical thinking when evaluating each of the following: � Articles � Advertising � Media � Conversations Thursday, May 20, 2010 at 1:57pm by holly Your critical thinking analysis will possibly change the way some of your past communication could have been expressed differently. Thursday, November 26, 2009 at 8:19pm by katrina 1. Define critical thinking. 2. Clarify how YOU process information. 3. Compare the two and notice the connections. 4. The rest should be obvious. Friday, April 30, 2010 at 1:14am by Writeacher appendix 1 to what? Have you tried the axia library? Sunday, June 22, 2008 at 2:22pm by bobpursley I appreciate the clarification Jim. Admittedly, it is a lousy argument, but is it still an argument? Tuesday, October 20, 2009 at 7:56pm by Linda It would be really nice to receive a serious answer! Jim it appears to me you are being sarcastic and I need real help and guidance!! Tuesday, October 20, 2009 at 7:56pm by Linda yes. The small wedge of untruth was: the attacks on... which then leads to the great untruth about adoption. Friday, October 16, 2009 at 5:34pm by bobpursley For that third declarative statement, the sentence should have read one can not have . . . Oops! My bad! Tuesday, February 3, 2009 at 11:52pm by Brandon I am having trouble finding Appendix 1 so that I can complete my assinment and answer the questions to this artical Controlling Irrational Fears After 9/11 Sunday, June 22, 2008 at 2:22pm by carrie We'll be glad to critique your answer. You signed up to take a critical thinking class. I certainly wouldn't deprive you of the knowledge you'll gain by figuring this out yourself. Sunday, November 1, 2009 at 8:36pm by Ms. Sue Critical thinking is very important in making decisions that impact an organization�s growth and survival. Which of the following traits of a critical thinker is essential in this process? Friday, June 8, 2012 at 6:35am by Samantha i need an example of thoughts cognitiver and tational thinking, arbitrary inferences, selective abstraction, overgeneralization, magnification or mimimization, personalization, lageling and polarized thinking Sunday, February 21, 2010 at 1:08am by arbititary interference crt 205 week 5 Wednesday, October 8, 2008 at 2:45am by Anonymous english--Please help me!!! "Most Americans would follow a thinker rather than become one themselves." Please help me explain that sentence, and also give me examples!!!who is a thinker?? in what situation do they follow the thinker, and why???? Thursday, January 27, 2011 at 4:05pm by Vivian "It should not surprise us that, with the attacks on traditional morality of the past thirty years, adoption--a traditional answer to unwanted pregnancies--would come under attack also." My question is: Is this a slippery slope fallacy? CRT/205 This question can only be answered by you. It is asking how critical thinking affects you, so for someone else to answer is not possible. Think about what you have learned so far in this class and determine how they have changed the way you look at documents or write them. ... Wednesday, November 11, 2009 at 11:29pm by ras Post your response to the following: Of the two arguments provided in the digital story, which is valid and which is sound? When you are building an argument for an issue that is significant to you, do you think it is more important to be valid or sound? Explain your answer. Tuesday, February 3, 2009 at 11:52pm by Davisha And what is your question? Wednesday, December 10, 2008 at 9:36pm by bobpursley What is your question? ?? Sunday, March 8, 2009 at 2:36pm by Writeacher what is the answer Monday, June 22, 2009 at 10:07pm by pinky Yes. Saturday, September 5, 2009 at 7:23pm by Ms. Sue Yes. Sunday, November 1, 2009 at 8:32pm by Ms. Sue Sunday, November 22, 2009 at 5:55pm by dave Saturday, July 11, 2009 at 7:02pm by Ms. Sue Sunday, October 28, 2007 at 10:13pm by Dave And your question is?? Friday, January 9, 2009 at 4:17pm by Ms. Sue Final Project Sunday, April 12, 2009 at 5:28pm by Jim define utilitarianism Thursday, April 23, 2009 at 11:04pm by Anonymous Identify fallacies Sunday, May 31, 2009 at 1:46pm by Toni Taking a position Thursday, August 27, 2009 at 2:39am by Lily Punishment by death. Sunday, October 25, 2009 at 11:15pm by MattsRiceBowl what is capital punishment Sunday, October 25, 2009 at 11:15pm by precious proof? Sunday, November 22, 2009 at 5:55pm by Ms. Sue Thank you that was very helpful. Tuesday, February 9, 2010 at 9:36pm by Austin You're very welcome. Tuesday, February 9, 2010 at 9:36pm by Ms. Sue crt-205 thanks, what type of rhetorical is this? Friday, March 12, 2010 at 12:23pm by sam 1 and 3 are correct. Saturday, March 20, 2010 at 1:51am by Ms. Sue Tuesday, November 16, 2010 at 5:55pm by Ms. Sue Categorizing Fallacies Sunday, October 30, 2011 at 8:59am by Anonymous There is no question here. Sunday, October 30, 2011 at 8:59am by Writeacher week 5 categorizing fallacies Tuesday, March 3, 2009 at 7:28pm by darrell Yes, your analyses are correct. And you're welcome. :-) Saturday, September 5, 2009 at 7:35pm by Ms. Sue What digital story??? Saturday, October 3, 2009 at 9:43pm by Ms. Sue I am not sure maybe the 9 in the second group Wednesday, December 16, 2009 at 4:54pm by angelee We will be happy to critique your thinking. Thursday, January 21, 2010 at 2:13pm by bobpursley CRT /205 What email? What writing principles? Wednesday, February 10, 2010 at 9:50pm by Writeacher Straw man fallacy Wednesday, October 8, 2008 at 2:45am by D I agree with your analysis. Friday, August 12, 2011 at 4:25pm by Ms. Sue American Patriotism is Alive and Well Sunday, August 9, 2009 at 5:41pm by Johnson I need help with undersatnding fallies. Example of a sentence to list fallicies: You're either a critical thinker or you're not. Tuesday, April 6, 2010 at 9:07pm by Sandy What kind of HELP do you need? You need to be specific when asking questions here. If all you do is post your entire assignment, nothing will happen since no one here will do your work for you. But if you are specific about what you don't understand about the assignment or ... Sunday, February 21, 2010 at 1:08am by Writeacher The Opposing Viewpoints Resource Center database at the University Library provides a wealth of arguments to which you can apply your critical thinking skills. Find this database by logging into to the Library and selecting the Article Databases�Specialized link. From the ... Tuesday, August 19, 2008 at 8:32pm by Anonymous CRT 205- argument Looks good! :-) Saturday, September 5, 2009 at 8:01pm by Ms. Sue We'll be glad to comment on your answers. Sunday, October 4, 2009 at 8:24pm by Ms. Sue How would you like us to help you? Sunday, November 1, 2009 at 6:46pm by Ms. Sue show me the comprehensive argument analysis? Sunday, August 9, 2009 at 5:41pm by patricia What is considered a claim versus and argument? Tuesday, January 5, 2010 at 5:13pm by candace What kind of trouble are you having? What can we do to help you? Wednesday, April 14, 2010 at 10:26am by Ms. Sue axia week 6- crt 205 discussion question 2 Monday, May 31, 2010 at 2:20pm by Anonymous See the answer to your last question below. Thursday, December 18, 2008 at 1:29pm by Ms. Sue Final Project: Comprehensive Argument Analysis Sunday, March 8, 2009 at 2:36pm by Anonymous How would you like us to help you with this assignment? Monday, June 22, 2009 at 10:07pm by Ms. Sue I need an example of a nonprejudicial rhetorical devices Tuesday, November 24, 2009 at 9:09pm by Susana crt/205 what is a rhetorical device for child abuse and how it has increased? Sunday, November 29, 2009 at 7:13pm by Anonymous How would you like us to help you with this assignment? Saturday, December 5, 2009 at 7:53pm by Ms. Sue How would you like us to help you with this assignment? Sunday, December 6, 2009 at 8:01pm by Ms. Sue You're welcome. Yes, I believe your answers are correct now. Wednesday, December 16, 2009 at 4:54pm by Ms. Sue What email? What text? Which writing principles? Wednesday, February 10, 2010 at 9:50pm by Ms. Sue I'd start by asking, "What the dickens is 'utilitarian gro'?" Thursday, April 8, 2010 at 7:03pm by Ms. Sue How would you like us to help you with this assignment? Tuesday, April 13, 2010 at 8:56pm by Ms. Sue How would you like us to help you with this assignment? Tuesday, October 19, 2010 at 10:50pm by Ms. Sue What "unnatural" assertion? What is YOUR answer? We'll be glad to comment on it. Saturday, January 10, 2009 at 9:29pm by Ms. Sue Excuse me I meant she only had a feeding tube. Saturday, January 10, 2009 at 9:29pm by Malkia Besides, we have no idea what is in the table you mention. Sra Thursday, April 23, 2009 at 8:33am by SraJMcGin You need to state your question more clearly. Repost. Thursday, August 27, 2009 at 2:39am by PsyDAG How thinking critically will influence the ways you process information. Thursday, September 17, 2009 at 9:35pm by Michelle The answer is do your own homework! Academic honesty is pathetic! Monday, June 22, 2009 at 10:07pm by Anonymous Please post your answers and we'll gladly check them. 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Red Cross has new coordinator Oct. 10, 2012 — The editor: The American Red Cross is pleased to introduce our new disaster services coordinator for the Mid-East Kentucky Chapter, Rich DeAngelis. Rich will be serving Bath, Breathitt, Elliott, Fleming, Menifee, Montgomery, Morgan, Perry, Rowan, and Wolfe counties. Rich brings with him a strong background in public education and coaching. He is sure to be an asset to the American Red Cross as we work to fulfill our mission of preventing and alleviating human suffering in the face of emergencies by mobilizing the power of volunteers and the generosity of donors. If you have a disaster-related emergency, you can contact Rich at rich.deangelis@redcross.org, call him at 606-207-2562, or stop by his office at 126 West Main Street in Mount Sterling. Almost every day, the American Red Cross is called upon to assist one of our friends and neighbors. Just six short months ago, thousands of lives were forever changed by the devastating tornadoes in Eastern Kentucky. During that response, the American Red Cross sheltered 262 individuals, provided trained health care professionals who checked on the mental and physical wellbeing of nearly 2,000 people, and supplied the resources for over 27,000 meals and snacks which were prepared and distributed through our partner agencies like the Salvation Army and Southern Baptist Convention. Additionally, we have given direct financial assistance to over 1,000 people thus far. We continue to meet the needs of those affected by this devastating event through our involvement with the various long term recovery committees that have been established. While some disasters, like the tornadoes, make headlines, most do not. In fact, last year the Mid-East Chapter of the American Red Cross provided disaster assistance to 94 families who were affected by a disaster such as a home fire. The American Red Cross has been privileged to serve the people of this area since 1918. We appreciate the continued support of so many who make it possible for us to carry out our important work, and we look forward to helping the citizens of this area for many years to come. Larry Beeman, Board Chair Mid-East Kentucky Chapter of the American Red Cross Terry Burkhart, Regional CEO Bluegrass Region of the American Red Cross Be careful of those you trust I would like to respond in answer to Charles Wallace's pitiful letter to avenge himself against the “stuff told” by the Health Department in the Eastern KY Voice this Friday. Folks, it’s simple. He has lost two major battles against us “girls” here at the Health Department and we were in anticipation of the third battle starting. Olive Hill Health Department: Raising questions During the last health department meeting, information was provided to employees regarding the closing of the Olive Hill Health Department branch, which I had previously asked about. They informed me they did not have the revenue to keep it open. If the health department was not closed in Olive Hill it would be hundreds of thousands of dollars in the red. Legislators consider minimum wage needs I commend these four legislators, Rep. Jill York, Rep. C.B. Embry, Rep. Dwight Butler, and Rep. Jim Stewart by voting yes on the Minimum Wage Bill. Encouraging colon cancer screenings March is National Colon Cancer Awareness Month and an opportunity to bring attention to potentially lifesaving actions people can take. This year, the American Cancer Society estimates 136,830 people will be diagnosed with colorectal cancer in the U.S. Get involved with your local chamber Are you involved with your local chamber of commerce? Chambers of Commerce are a great way to make business contacts, and even friends. Alcohol sales would hurt Olive Hill I am 64 years old and I have lived in the city limits of Olive Hill my entire life. I have seen Olive Hill when it was prosperous and I have seen it when it was not so prosperous. Against liquor sales in Olive Hill Along the roadways of our little town, we see signs urging us to vote YES for legal liquor sales in Olive Hill. Sadly, we see no signs urging us to vote NO! In appreciation of Pastor Barrell Some members of the Lower Grassy Church of Christ, in my opinion, should hang their heads in shame. On February 23, 2014 a wonderful man of God and their Pastor Larry Barrell was dismissed from preaching. Thanks for contributing to Operation Christmas Child I’m writing to thank Grayson residents for their generosity in helping thousands of suffering children worldwide this Christmas. 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.Dosage is varies to a large extent depending on the pain, age of the individual and of course on what the doctor’s analysis. Taking the right dosage prescribed is the only way to seek relief from the pain in the right manner, care should be taken not to consume an overdose or an under dose to prevent further complications. buy tramadol overnight codDosage is varies to a large extent depending on the pain, age of the individual and of course on what the doctor’s analysis. Taking the right dosage prescribed is the only way to seek relief from the pain in the right manner, care should be taken not to consume an overdose or an under dose to pre	2014-15/0022/en_head.json.gz/6211	{"url": "http://www.journalaz.com/component/option,com_mailto/link,aHR0cDovL3d3dy5qb3VybmFsYXouY29tL05ld3MvcmVsYXktcmFpc2VzLW1vcmUtdGhhbi0xMDAwMC5odG1s/tmpl,component/", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.journalaz.com", "date_download": "2014-04-16T07:15:14Z", "digest": "sha1:O4O6UIE4LFCRLZYNT3OOYAFR6IWRE3L4"}	{"ccnet_length": [[0, 649, 649.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 649, 2097.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 649, 1.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 649, 4.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 649, 0.91]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 649, 223.2]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 649, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 649, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 649, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 649, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 649, 0.55725191]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 649, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 649, 0.87571702]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 649, 0.87571702]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 649, 0.87571702]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 649, 0.87571702]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 649, 0.87571702]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 649, 0.87571702]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 649, 0.05353728]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 649, 0.03824092]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 649, 0.04206501]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 649, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 649, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 649, 0.07633588]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 649, 0.40336134]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 649, 4.39495798]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 649, 0.0]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 649, 3.66043138]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 649, 119.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 649, 0.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 649, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 649, 119.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 649, 0.0]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 649, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 649, 0.00616333]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 649, 0.0649094]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 649, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 649, 9.227e-05]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 649, -4.42669948]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 649, 14.07875376]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 649, -11.4889836]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 649, 4.0]], "is_duplicate": true}
Vacationer finds 2.95-carat diamond in state park Kentucky man names gem ‘Patriot Diamond’ — A Kentucky man vacationing in Arkansas on July 4 found a 2.95-carat reason to remember the holiday. Terry Staggs, of Richmond, Ky., found a gem he named the "Patriot Diamond" while combing the nearly 38-acre search area of the Crater of Diamonds State Park in Murfreesboro, Ark. The site is the world's eighth-largest diamond-bearing deposit, according to an Arkansas State Parks news release. Except for when he was stationed overseas during his 23-year Army career, Staggs has been visiting the park about twice annually for the past 28 years, he said. He had found other, smaller diamonds in previous visits. However, he came up empty-handed in a visit earlier this year. Staggs said he had searched the park’s surface for two and a half hours before noticing the Patriot Diamond sparkling in the sun. At least 50 people had walked by the spot during that time, and he had walked by it once, Staggs said. "I had the sun to my advantage," he said of his second pass by the spot where the gem lay in the dirt. The Patriot Diamond is the largest of 304 diamonds that have been found at the park this year, according to the parks system. It is champagne brown and about the size of an English pea. Park interpreter Waymon Cox described it is "stunning," even in its rough form. Staggs said he has no intention of selling the diamond, or even having it appraised. It's going in a safe-deposit box with his other diamond finds. The Crater of Diamonds is the world’s only diamond-producing site open to the public. According to a release from the park, an average of two diamonds are found there every day, although they typically aren’t as large as the Patriot Diamond. When people find diamonds in the park, they are allowed to keep them. Details for this story provided by the Richmond, Ky., Register	2014-15/0022/en_head.json.gz/6212	{"url": "http://www.journalexpress.net/community-news-network/x1696742923/Vacationer-finds-2-95-carat-diamond-in-state-park/print", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.journalexpress.net", "date_download": "2014-04-16T08:19:54Z", "digest": "sha1:5UN2POGS4FDPLNGJQVKBWXPPEMCELKGQ"}	{"ccnet_length": [[0, 1892, 1892.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 1892, 2059.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 1892, 14.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 1892, 18.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 1892, 0.98]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 1892, 245.7]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 1892, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 1892, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 1892, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 1892, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 1892, 0.40246914]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 1892, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 1892, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 1892, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 1892, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 1892, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 1892, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 1892, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 1892, 0.02657807]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 1892, 0.04518272]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 1892, 0.02524917]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 1892, 0.00493827]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 1892, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 1892, 0.17283951]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 1892, 0.52121212]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 1892, 4.56060606]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 1892, 0.0]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 1892, 4.73079005]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 1892, 330.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 50, 0.0], [50, 91, 0.0], [91, 193, 1.0], [193, 372, 1.0], [372, 487, 1.0], [487, 768, 1.0], [768, 1001, 1.0], [1001, 1104, 1.0], [1104, 1230, 1.0], [1230, 1370, 1.0], [1370, 1518, 1.0], [1518, 1760, 1.0], [1760, 1830, 1.0], [1830, 1892, 0.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 50, 0.0], [50, 91, 0.0], [91, 193, 0.0], [193, 372, 0.0], [372, 487, 0.0], [487, 768, 0.0], [768, 1001, 0.0], [1001, 1104, 0.0], [1104, 1230, 0.0], [1230, 1370, 0.0], [1370, 1518, 0.0], [1518, 1760, 0.0], [1760, 1830, 0.0], [1830, 1892, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 50, 7.0], [50, 91, 6.0], [91, 193, 18.0], [193, 372, 30.0], [372, 487, 16.0], [487, 768, 48.0], [768, 1001, 44.0], [1001, 1104, 23.0], [1104, 1230, 23.0], [1230, 1370, 25.0], [1370, 1518, 26.0], [1518, 1760, 41.0], [1760, 1830, 13.0], [1830, 1892, 10.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 50, 0.06382979], [50, 91, 0.0], [91, 193, 0.04081633], [193, 372, 0.01183432], [372, 487, 0.0], [487, 768, 0.01476015], [768, 1001, 0.00877193], [1001, 1104, 0.0], [1104, 1230, 0.02439024], [1230, 1370, 0.0], [1370, 1518, 0.0], [1518, 1760, 0.0], [1760, 1830, 0.0], [1830, 1892, 0.0]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 50, 0.0], [50, 91, 0.0], [91, 193, 0.0], [193, 372, 0.0], [372, 487, 0.0], [487, 768, 0.0], [768, 1001, 0.0], [1001, 1104, 0.0], [1104, 1230, 0.0], [1230, 1370, 0.0], [1370, 1518, 0.0], [1518, 1760, 0.0], [1760, 1830, 0.0], [1830, 1892, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 50, 0.02], [50, 91, 0.07317073], [91, 193, 0.03921569], [193, 372, 0.06703911], [372, 487, 0.03478261], [487, 768, 0.01779359], [768, 1001, 0.02145923], [1001, 1104, 0.00970874], [1104, 1230, 0.02380952], [1230, 1370, 0.03571429], [1370, 1518, 0.01351351], [1518, 1760, 0.02479339], [1760, 1830, 0.01428571], [1830, 1892, 0.06451613]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 1892, 0.9906292]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 1892, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 1892, 0.9267261]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 1892, 7.6275102]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 1892, 67.11003473]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 1892, 22.02904067]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 1892, 22.0]], "is_duplicate": true}
Sorry, that job is no longer listed on JournalismJobs.com. Click on the Find a Job tab above to search for other jobs.	2014-15/0022/en_head.json.gz/6213	{"url": "http://www.journalismjobs.com/job_listing.cfm?jobid=1467892", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.journalismjobs.com", "date_download": "2014-04-16T07:15:47Z", "digest": "sha1:565G2ZFXH43UG7XZVHFANKMKI245ITLY"}	{"ccnet_length": [[0, 118, 118.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 118, 419.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 118, 1.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 118, 5.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 118, 0.86]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 118, 296.2]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 118, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 118, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 118, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 118, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 118, 0.44444444]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 118, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 118, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 118, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 118, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 118, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 118, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 118, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 118, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 118, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 118, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 118, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 118, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 118, 0.14814815]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 118, 0.90909091]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 118, 4.22727273]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 118, 0.0]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 118, 2.96501569]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 118, 22.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 118, 1.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 118, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 118, 22.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 118, 0.0]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 118, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 118, 0.05084746]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 118, 0.00101364]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 118, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 118, -1.001e-05]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 118, -11.36866382]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 118, -5.41240926]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 118, -10.34067574]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 118, 3.0]], "is_duplicate": true}
Police: 2 dead in murder-suicide in west Phoenix Police: 2 dead in murder-suicide in west Phoenix CREATED Nov. 19, 2012 Web Producer: Taylor Higgins PHOENIX (AP) - Authorities say a man and woman have been found dead in their west Phoenix home in an apparent murder-suicide. Phoenix police say they called to the scene early Monday and found two bodies in a bedroom, each with an apparent gunshot wound. Police say the man and woman died of their injuries and were pronounced dead at the scene. The woman has been identified as 46-year-old Debra Fernandez. The name of the 52-year-old man hasn't been released yet. Investigators say it appears the couple argued over financial issues late Sunday night and early Monday before shots were fired. Police say occupants of the home included two adult children of the woman plus five small children under the age of 5.	2014-15/0022/en_head.json.gz/6214	{"url": "http://www.jrn.com/kgun9/news/180041171.html", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.jrn.com", "date_download": "2014-04-16T07:47:03Z", "digest": "sha1:NFOHNY7VAFSNF4RYB63PBY3MP56RETUQ"}	{"ccnet_length": [[0, 862, 862.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 862, 4285.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 862, 3.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 862, 101.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 862, 0.97]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 862, 277.8]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 862, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 862, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 862, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 862, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 862, 0.34831461]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 862, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 862, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 862, 0.11271676]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 862, 0.11271676]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 862, 0.11271676]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 862, 0.11271676]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 862, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 862, 0.02601156]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 862, 0.03179191]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 862, 0.03757225]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 862, 0.01685393]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 862, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 862, 0.1741573]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 862, 0.57534247]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 862, 4.73972603]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 862, 0.0]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 862, 4.16731416]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 862, 146.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 120, 0.0], [120, 149, 0.0], [149, 862, 1.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 120, 0.0], [120, 149, 0.0], [149, 862, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 120, 20.0], [120, 149, 4.0], [149, 862, 122.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 120, 0.07079646], [120, 149, 0.0], [149, 862, 0.00719424]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 120, 0.0], [120, 149, 0.0], [149, 862, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 120, 0.1], [120, 149, 0.13793103], [149, 862, 0.03085554]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 862, 0.63124657]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 862, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 862, 0.18336761]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 862, -10.5538802]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 862, 23.96168289]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 862, 18.12195398]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 862, 8.0]], "is_duplicate": false}
An online journal about visual art, the urban landscape and design. Mary Louise Schumacher, the Journal Sentinel's art and architecture critic, leads the discussion and a community of writers contribute to the dialogue. Mike Brenner shaves head for Ai Weiwei By Mary Louise Schumacher of the Journal Sentinel June 1, 2011 Local artist and art agitator Mike Brenner stood in front of the Milwaukee Art Museum and shaved his head to look like that of detained Chinese artist Ai Weiwei as the signature wings of the Calatrava addition rose behind him this morning. Brenner chose the museum as a backdrop because it is the only institution in the world about to open a major show of Chinese art organized in direct cooperation with China, a country that has detained its most famous living artist as well as other artists, bloggers and activists. "We have a unique opportunity here in Milwaukee to create an international forum to discuss what's happening," said Brenner. Brenner had announced he would shave his head on the Calatrava-designed bridge connecting the museum grounds to downtown. He was met, however, with museum guards who refused to allow him on museum property. MAM also called the police department, who were on hand. Asked about the museum's refusal to allow him on the bridge, Brenner responded: "I think just giving people an opportunity to discuss what's happening is important." "It is good to aknowledge at least what's happening...to have a pro-democracy tone," he said. Brenner is known locally for provocative protests, especially for threatening to close his Hotcakes Gallery and to resign as the executive director of the Milwaukee Artists Resource Network if the commission for the Bronze Fonz went forward. Today, however, he took an unusually somber tone. "Who am I to make a stand?" he said. As a fellow artist, however, he felt an obligation to make some kind of gesture, he said. About a dozen people showed up to see Brenner shear his locks, including a few who donned T-shirts and handed out stickers asking for the release of Ai. Local artist Steve Somers read about Brenner's plans on Facebook late yesterday and got up early to create a portrait of Ai that he brought and leaned up against a nearby fence. "I decided a little support would not be a bad thing," Somers said. "It would be like someone locked up Andy Warhol...you have to say something," said George Jirasek, who was handing out stickers with a picture of Ai and the words: "Artists supporting Ai Weiwei." "The Emperor's Private Paradise" a traveling exhibit of 18th-century art and objects is the culmination of years of research and restoration work within the Forbidden City. It was organized by the Peabody Essex Museum in coordination with China's Palace Museum and opens June 11. It is the centerpiece of the museum's "Summer of China," a series of events and exhibits centered on 3,000 of Chinese culture. Hosting the show raises ethical questions that were initially explored in an Art City column on May 20 and subsequently addressed around the art world and in major mainstream publications such as The Stranger, the Wall Street Journal, the Guardian, the Houston Chronicle and several others. Some of the questions include: Should MAM join many of the world's cultural institutions in publicly protesting the suppression of creative expression in China, which has increased in recent months, according to human rights groups. Should the museum address the detention of Ai Weiwei in some way during its "Summer of China?" Brenner and several art advocates on hand support the Chinese exhibit, which is critically acclaimed and fresh from a successful run at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York. But most also said the museum should become a place for dialogue about the suppression of artists in China. In recent days, local artists have begun discussing how they should engage in the dialogue. Photographs by Mary Louise Schumacher. Tags: Mike Brenner; Ai Weiwei Permalink \| Email This Blog Older1234Newer lutefisk - Jun 01, 2011 1:52 PM - Report Abuse 1 Every stump needs a foot JOill - Jun 01, 2011 1:55 PM - Report Abuse 9 I posted two critical comments on the art blog's entry regarding a guy getting a haircut to protest the MAM on Ms. Schumacher's Art City blog. I criticized his protest as being a self-serving publicity stunt. I also criticized the blog for taking him seriously and for pretending that this was a legitimate protest. Apparently Ms. Schumacher does not allow any dissenting opinions as she quickly deleted them both. They were in no way against the posting rules, by the way. I then made a post pointing out the hypocrisy of deleting critical comments in post devoted to protesting the lack of expression in China, this post was quickly deleted as well.Please deal with Ms Schumacher and her apparent inability to tolerate opinions that do not match her own. I am a loyal reader. I have been posting good, thoughtful comments on jsonline for years now, I'm familiar with the posting rules and I have never encountered anything like this before. I cannot believe that the Journal Sentinel condones such censorship or the abuse of the ability to delete comments. lamorte - Jun 01, 2011 2:06 PM - Report Abuse 7 @JOill I wish your original posts were not deleted by the ruling class of this blog. I can only imagine how much I would have agreed with them. Nothing is more hypocritical than the art world-- nor as trite it seems with manufactured "rage" and "protest actions". Anonymous - Jun 01, 2011 2:17 PM - Report Abuse 7 Joill, if your last post gets deleted, I'll shave my head for you. thomasw - Jun 01, 2011 2:20 PM - Report Abuse 5 The museum guards were marshalled? The police were called? For what? This is completely embarrassing. A harmless and well-intentioned stunt for a worthy cause is met with suppression. The MAM and director Keegan will pay a price, locally, nationally and internationally. We don't need them to wimp out like this. I am not sure the exhibit should have been cancelled or that MAM should protest against China (as many have pointed out: what good would it do?) but it could easily have survived Mr. Brenner's protest haircut. Just look the other way and no one would accuse you of supporting it; but by calling the police, you align yourselves with repressive governments. Shame. MDavidson - Jun 01, 2011 2:25 PM - Report Abuse 7 @JOill fwiw...I've been following the comments, and I saw your posts. Its not hard to imagine that calling the blogger a "fascist", as one of your posts did, falls into the category of "personal attack". This would not be within the site guidelines. hth vivvo - Jun 01, 2011 2:25 PM - Report Abuse 4 @Joill: i noticed that too. i kept thinking it was strange that commentary was disappearing. and the ones going away are not in favor of the actions of this goof AND they have a lot of thumbs up. way to go journal-sentinel. where's the book burning party? i'm being oppressed. haircut anybody? RSJ13 - Jun 01, 2011 2:30 PM - Report Abuse 4 If the bridge is private property, the museum has the right to deny access. This was a goofy stunt, and the museum did not have to let him do this on their property. Like any protestor, he had the right to protest on the public sidewalk. blackhills76 - Jun 01, 2011 2:30 PM - Report Abuse 6 Wow, apparently the commentary is being edited like a communist state might. Isn't that ironic. Don't you think? Ler - Jun 01, 2011 2:32 PM - Report Abuse 5 This is the same guy who made the big deal about the Fonz statue which has been proven to bring people to Milwaukee whether he likes it or not. This is nothing but another publicity stunt from a "tool" who just wants attention. Get a life! Everyone thinks they're an artist these days. Older1234Newer Follow @tapmilwaukee Design Ideas Column	2014-15/0022/en_head.json.gz/6215	{"url": "http://www.jsonline.com/blogs/entertainment/122949183.html?page=2&_escaped_fragment_=page=1%26viewAll=0%26sort=oldestfirst%26pageSize=20", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.jsonline.com", "date_download": "2014-04-16T07:47:31Z", "digest": "sha1:PSHXNCUKJ5NGREENJW4GU7OLJ2QQOJJW"}	{"ccnet_length": [[0, 7836, 7836.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 7836, 16522.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 7836, 37.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 7836, 340.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 7836, 0.97]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 7836, 321.1]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 7836, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 7836, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 7836, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 7836, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 7836, 0.39563863]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 7836, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 7836, 0.0]], 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- selected newswatch item - Milwaukee Short Film Festival returns Nov. 9-10 Get in on the ground floor of Milwaukee filmmaking by checking out the 14th annual Milwaukee Short Film Festival. The festival shows more than 50 movies Friday and Saturday in the Lubar Auditorium at the Milwaukee Art Museum, 700 N. Art Museum Drive. \| Nov. 8, 2012 »Read Full Article Time Warner-Journal Broadcast standoff is epicenter of national battle Once upon a time, turning to one of Milwaukee's four network affiliates for news and information was as reflexive as setting your watch by the Allen-Bradley clock. That time has passed, and the number of channels available today is dwarfed only by the number of challenges facing viewers and broadcasters. \| Sept. 15, 2013 »Read Full Article(89) Ridley's '12 Years a Slave' wins audience prize at Toronto film festival By Chris Foran of the Journal Sentinel "12 Years a Slave," the historical drama written by Mequon native John Ridley, won the top audience prize at the Toronto International Film Festival Sunday, Variety reports. Directed by Steve McQueen and starring Chiwetel Ejiofor, "12 Years a Slave" is being talked about as an Oscar front-runner. The movie is based on the true story of a black man who was kidnapped and sold into slavery in 19th-century America. \| Sept. 15, 2013 »Read Full Article Soulstice Theatre stays true to pain, passion in Pinter's 'Betrayal' By Mike Fischer, Special to the Journal Sentinel Dazzled with visions of starting fresh, lovers beginning an affair always think their story will be different. But what almost invariably results is another iteration of the same tired prose, inscribed by people who repeat the life they sought to escape rather than making a new one. That's easiest to see in retrospect, which is how we view the affair featured in Harold Pinter's "Betrayal," composed of nine scenes that gradually move us back nine years, from 1977 to 1968. \| Sept. 15, 2013 »Read Full Article Eddie Martini's dinner will feature Silver Oak Cabs spanning years By Carol Deptolla of the Journal Sentinel Vintages going back to 1978 will be poured at a Silver Oak vineyards dinner at Eddie Martini’s, 8612 W. Watertown Plank Road in Wauwatosa on Sept. 27. Wines include the 1978 Alexander Valley, 2000 Napa Valley, 2000 Alexander Valley and 2008 Alexander Valley Cabernet Sauvignons, said restaurant owner Chris Murphy. (Murphy bought Eddie Martini's from Joe DeRosa late last year.) \| Sept. 15, 2013 »Read Full Blog Post Report: Man Booker prize to include American entrants By Jim Higgins of the Journal Sentinel According to a report in The Sunday Times of London, organizers of the Man Booker prize plan, for the first time, to allow American writers in the competition. The Booker is probably the most discussed prize given annually for fiction written in English. The prize is designed to honor the best novel of the year written by a citizen of the Commonwealth or the Republic of Ireland. It is sponsored by Man Group, an investment management business. The winner receives £50,000 and a significant attention kick. \| Sept. 15, 2013 »Read Full Blog Post Peter Mulvey taking his bicycle tour to Schauer Center By Piet Levy of the Journal Sentinel Milwaukee recently finished a major motorcycle party--the Harley-Davidson 110th Anniversary Celebration to be exact. Now its time to pay tribute to the old fashioned bicycle. Milwaukee-based musician Peter Mulvey is traveling around Wisconsin and Michigan on his bicycle, and rolling into the Schauer Arts & Activities Center in Hartford Oct. 4 as part of his seventh annual bicycle tour. 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Connecticut Committee on Judicial Ethics Informal Opinion Summaries 2012-21 (July 20, 2012) Event, attendance/appearance; Political Activity; Rules 1.2, 4.1 Issue: May a Judicial Official and his or her spouse attend a small gathering at the home of a relative so that a retiring political official can thank the hosts and guests (other than the Judicial Official) for their prior support. There will be no fundraising and there is no charge to attend. Additional Facts: The political official does not have and is not likely to be engaged in proceedings that would ordinarily come before the Judicial Official, the court of which the Judicial Official is a member or a court that is subject to the appellate jurisdiction, if any, of the court on which the Judicial Official serves. Response: Rule 4.1 of the Code of Judicial Conduct prescribes general guidelines limiting the involvement by judges with political activities. The Committee unanimously agreed that attendance at the event by the Judicial Official would not violate Rule 4.1, because the event is sponsored by a family member and is not �sponsored by a political organization or a candidate for public office� (Rule 4.1(a)(5)), because the event is not a fundraiser (Rule 4.1(a)(4)), and because the event does not involve a public official who is running for office or who has any matter before or is likely to come before the inquiring Judicial Official. The Committee further determined that there is no restriction on the Judicial Official�s spouse�s attendance and that the Judicial Official may attend provided that he or she does not personally believe that attendance as a guest would create an appearance of impropriety in violation of Rule 1.2. 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Forum Op-eds on legal news by law professors and JURIST special guests Prosecuting the Dead 20 February 2012 at 6:02 PM ET edited by Jonathan Cohen JURIST Contributing Editor David Crane of Syracuse University College of Law says that the ongoing posthumous prosecution of former lawyer Sergei Magnitsky is a violation of the rule of law and a mark of shame against the Russian judicial system... In 897 AD in what was called "the Cadaver Synod," Pope Formosus was tried for various violations of Church laws. He was found guilty, his edicts were annulled, his robes were taken from him, and three fingers on his right hand were severed, before the former Pope was thrown in the Tiber River. Bizarrely, Pope Formosus had died of natural causes several months earlier. They prosecuted a dead man. Fast forward over a thousand years to 2012. Russia is about to put on trial a dead man, Sergei Magnitsky, a lawyer, who died in prison from the effects of his imprisonment and torture by the Russian government in November 2009. Magnitsky's death has caused universal condemnation by world leaders, international organizations, such as the EU, as well as human rights groups. His crime was exposing a massive tax fraud scheme by the Russian government and officials within the Medvedev/Putin regime in the amount of over $230 million dollars. Not content to leave Magnitsky in peace, the Russian government has hounded his family and harassed his mother, Natalia Magnitskaya. They are even going to bring charges in absentia against Magnitsky's former employer, William Browder, a British citizen, of the Hermitage Capital Fund. The Magnitsky case is indicative of Russian justice in the twenty-first century. Joseph Stalin did not prosecute the dead, yet the current government plans to move forward with the prosecution unless Magnitsky's family ceases its efforts to seek justice for their family member, Sergei. "Even in Stalin's time, the authorities did not prosecute people who were dead. The Interior Ministry is so desperate to justify its repression of Sergei Magnitsky that government officials are running roughshod over all legal precedent, practice and morality," said an Hermitage Capital spokesperson. Boris Kibis, the very investigator who found in 2010 no credibility to the Russian President's Human Rights Council report that Magnitsky had been tortured and mistreated in violation of the European Human Rights Convention, is now completing the investigation against the long dead Magnitsky and intends to refer the case for prosecution this year. What those charges are remains to be seen. It is important to note that the United States Senate has taken up the cause of the torture death of Sergei Magnitsky to sanction the officials who were responsible for his death. Led by Senators John McCain and Ben Cardin with 28 co-sponsors, the Sergei Magnitsky Rule of Law Accountability Act (S. 1039) is being considered this congressional term. Sir Tony Brenton, United Kingdom Ambassador to Russia, 2004-2008, declared on the one year anniversary of the death of Sergei Magnitsky, November 2010: "The death of Sergei Magnitsky is an appalling indictment of some parts of the Russian judicial system. It is important for Russia, as it is for the wider world, that they clean this poison out." Prosecuting dead people has only happened a few other times in history. Such dead defendants included Joan of Arc, Thomas Beckett, John Wycliff, and Martin Borman. The Catholic Church banned the practice centuries ago. In modern jurisprudence prosecution of the dead is unheard of, particularly by civilized nations who respect the rule of law. We simply do not try the dead. This Russian example of justice brings shame to the rule of law and discredit upon its judicial system. David Crane is a professor at Syracuse University College of Law and the founding former Chief Prosecutor of the international war crimes tribunal in West Africa called the Special Court for Sierra Leone, 2001-2005. Suggested citation: David Crane, Prosecuting the Dead, JURIST - Forum, Feb. 21, 2012, http://jurist.org/forum/2012/02/david-crane-posthumous-prosecution.php. This article was prepared for publication by Jonathan Cohen, the head of JURIST's academic commentary service. Please direct any questions or comments to him at academiccommentary@jurist.org Posted in Academic Commentary Recent Academic Commentary The Best Argument for Same-Sex Marriage Isn't Love—It's Taxes Sara Benson University of Illinois College of Law 7:00 PM ET, 14 April 2014 Title VII and the Interplay of Racial and Economic Justice Leonard Baynes St. John's University School of Law 3:40 PM ET, 6 April 2014 Same-Sex Marriage in Illinois: A Conflict of Powers or A Pragmatic Choice? Sara Benson University of Illinois College of Law 1:00 PM ET, 5 April 2014 Kerr v. Hickenlooper: Exploring the Tenth Circuit's Dubious Legal Reasoning Derek Muller Pepperdine University School of Law 12:00 AM ET, 31 March 2014 Understanding the Problems in Iraq's Shi'i Draft Personal Status Law Haider Ala Hamoudi University of Pittsburgh School of Law 12:00 AM ET, 31 March 2014 About Academic Commentary Academic Commentary is JURIST's platform for legal academics, offering perspectives by law professors on national and international legal developments. 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US House passes legislation to lift offshore drilling ban 17 September 2008 at 4:11 PM ET by Andrew Gilmore [JURIST] The US House of Representatives passed proposed legislation [H.R. 6899, PDF] Tuesday night that would partially lift the ban on offshore oil drilling [JURIST news archive] as part of a comprehensive energy proposal. The bill, entitled the "Comprehensive American Energy Security and Consumer Protection Act," was passed by a vote of 236-189 [roll call results]. The Act would authorize drilling activities 50 miles beyond the Pacific or Atlantic coastlines, areas that have been off-limits since 1981 due to a Congressional moratorium which has prevented oil drilling in 85 percent of US coastal waters. Under the new legislation, drilling or other activities would be outlawed in any marine national monument, national marine sanctuary, or the Georges Bank fishing grounds [USGS backgrouder], located off the New England coast in the North Atlantic Ocean. H.R. 6899 must be approved by the US Senate before taking effect. AP has more. The New York Times has additional coverage.In July, President George W. Bush lifted an executive ban on offshore oil drilling [JURIST report] put in place during his father's presidential administration. In June, Bush called on Congress to relax restrictions on oil exploration [statement text; JURIST report], saying that it should also allow drilling to begin in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge [official website] in Alaska. Bush argued that resources currently off-limits to energy companies could offset rising fuel prices. Environmental organizations have criticized efforts to expand oil drilling [WWF report] in the Arctic, calling for increased research into energy conservation and renewable resources instead. Critics have also said that offshore development will require several years and a massive infrastructure that could impact local wildlife.	2014-15/0022/en_head.json.gz/6219	{"url": "http://www.jurist.org/paperchase/2008/09/us-house-passes-legislation-to-lift.php", "partition": "head_middle", "language": "en", "source_domain": "www.jurist.org", "date_download": "2014-04-16T07:27:34Z", "digest": "sha1:SOBGCK7FEVFX7CIE24YTCCO4V5MMAZBH"}	{"ccnet_length": [[0, 1915, 1915.0]], "ccnet_original_length": [[0, 1915, 5075.0]], "ccnet_nlines": [[0, 1915, 4.0]], "ccnet_original_nlines": [[0, 1915, 76.0]], "ccnet_language_score": [[0, 1915, 0.95]], "ccnet_perplexity": [[0, 1915, 325.2]], "ccnet_bucket": [[0, 1915, 0.0]], "rps_doc_curly_bracket": [[0, 1915, 0.0]], "rps_doc_ldnoobw_words": [[0, 1915, 0.0]], "rps_doc_lorem_ipsum": [[0, 1915, 0.0]], "rps_doc_stop_word_fraction": [[0, 1915, 0.27507163]], "rps_doc_ut1_blacklist": [[0, 1915, null]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_10grams": [[0, 1915, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_5grams": [[0, 1915, 0.03819223]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_6grams": [[0, 1915, 0.03819223]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_7grams": [[0, 1915, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_8grams": [[0, 1915, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_dupe_9grams": [[0, 1915, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_2gram": [[0, 1915, 0.02800764]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_3gram": [[0, 1915, 0.01654997]], "rps_doc_frac_chars_top_4gram": [[0, 1915, 0.02036919]], "rps_doc_frac_all_caps_words": [[0, 1915, 0.05444126]], "rps_doc_frac_lines_end_with_ellipsis": [[0, 1915, 0.0]], "rps_doc_frac_no_alph_words": [[0, 1915, 0.17765043]], "rps_doc_frac_unique_words": [[0, 1915, 0.64482759]], "rps_doc_mean_word_length": [[0, 1915, 5.41724138]], "rps_doc_symbol_to_word_ratio": [[0, 1915, 0.0]], "rps_doc_unigram_entropy": [[0, 1915, 4.97436555]], "rps_doc_word_count": [[0, 1915, 290.0]], "rps_lines_ending_with_terminal_punctution_mark": [[0, 58, 0.0], [58, 90, 0.0], [90, 108, 0.0], [108, 1915, 1.0]], "rps_lines_javascript_counts": [[0, 58, 0.0], [58, 90, 0.0], [90, 108, 0.0], [108, 1915, 0.0]], "rps_lines_num_words": [[0, 58, 9.0], [58, 90, 7.0], [90, 108, 3.0], [108, 1915, 271.0]], "rps_lines_numerical_chars_fraction": [[0, 58, 0.0], [58, 90, 0.3], [90, 108, 0.0], [108, 1915, 0.01254991]], "rps_lines_start_with_bulletpoint": [[0, 58, 0.0], [58, 90, 0.0], [90, 108, 0.0], [108, 1915, 0.0]], "rps_lines_uppercase_letter_fraction": [[0, 58, 0.05172414], [58, 90, 0.15625], [90, 108, 0.11111111], [108, 1915, 0.05257333]], "rps_doc_ml_palm_score": [[0, 1915, 0.52761078]], "rps_doc_ml_wikipedia_score": [[0, 1915, null]], "rps_doc_ml_wikiref_score": [[0, 1915, 0.38116807]], "rps_doc_books_importance": [[0, 1915, -87.81395382]], "rps_doc_openwebtext_importance": [[0, 1915, 19.57160059]], "rps_doc_wikipedia_importance": [[0, 1915, -0.40549903]], "rps_doc_num_sentences": [[0, 1915, 17.0]], "is_duplicate": false}
Español \| Creole Violence Reduction Partnerships FORMER FUEL PURCHASER ARRESTED FOR DEFRAUDING ROYAL CARIBBEAN CRUISES, LTD. Jeffrey H. Sloman, United States Attorney for the Southern District of Florida, and John V. Gillies, Special Agent in Charge, Federal Bureau of Investigation (“FBI”), Miami Field Office, announced the arrest of defendant Jamil Murni, 60, of Houston, Texas, on an indictment charging him with nine counts of wire fraud, in violation of Title 18, United States Code, Section 1343, and one count of money laundering, in violation of Title 18, United States Code, Section 1957. Defendant Murni will appear in federal court in Texas before facing charges in Miami. According to the indictment, defendant Murni was a Commodity Manager for Royal Caribbean Cruises, Ltd. In that position, defendant Murni was responsible for negotiating fuel prices and deliveries for Royal Caribbean. From late 2003 through late 2006, however, defendant Murni devised a scheme to defraud his employer of over $600,000. According to court documents, in 2003, defendant Murni registered “Sea Fuels Trading” as a fictitious name with the Florida Department of State’s Division of Corporations. He then opened and maintained a bank account in the name of Sea Fuels Trading. On December 19, 2003, defendant Murni applied to have Sea Fuels Trading become a fuel provider for Royal Caribbean. In that application, defendant Murni fraudulently concealed his ownership of the company. Royal Caribbean subsequently approved Sea Fuels Trading as a fuel vendor and paid defendant Murni’s company money at a rate greater than would have been paid to a legitimate fuel vendor. An Indictment is only an accusation and a defendant is presumed innocent until and unless proven guilty. Mr. Sloman commended the investigative efforts of the FBI. The matter is being handled by Assistant U.S. Attorney H. Ron Davidson. A copy of this press release may be found on the website of the United States Attorney's Office for the Southern District of Florida at http://www.usdoj.gov/usao/fls. 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