Datasets:

santhosh

/

day_in_history

like 1

The <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/African_National_Congress" id="mwsQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="African National Congress">African National Congress</a> is founded, under the name South African Native National Congress (SANNC).<sup about="#mwt110" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-20"}}' id="cite_ref-20" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_8#cite_note-20" id="mwsg" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 20;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwsw">[20]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-20"><cite about="#mwt107" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFGwyneth_WilliamsBrian_Hackland2015">Gwyneth Williams; Brian Hackland (22 December 2015). <a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=LkdACwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA5" id="mwCTs" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwCTw">The Dictionary of Contemporary Politics of Southern Africa</i></a>. Routledge. p.<span id="mwCT0" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>5. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./ISBN_(identifier)" id="mwCT4" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a><span id="mwCT8" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a href="./Special:BookSources/978-1-317-27081-2" id="mwCUA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-317-27081-2"><bdi id="mwCUE">978-1-317-27081-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span about="#mwt107" class="Z3988" id="mwCUI" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Dictionary+of+Contemporary+Politics+of+Southern+Africa&amp;rft.pages=5&amp;rft.pub=Routledge&amp;rft.date=2015-12-22&amp;rft.isbn=978-1-317-27081-2&amp;rft.au=Gwyneth+Williams&amp;rft.au=Brian+Hackland&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DLkdACwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA5&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+8"></span></span>

U.S. President <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Woodrow_Wilson" id="mwtw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Woodrow Wilson">Woodrow Wilson</a> announces his "<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fourteen_Points" id="mwuA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Fourteen Points">Fourteen Points</a>" as conditions for ending <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_War_I" id="mwuQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="World War I">World War I</a>.<sup about="#mwt115" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-21"}}' id="cite_ref-21" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_8#cite_note-21" id="mwug" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 21;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwuw">[21]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-21"><cite about="#mwt112" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFUnited_States._Department_of_State1942">United States. Department of State (1942). <a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=HuusX2oQLLMC&amp;pg=PA359" id="mwCUY" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwCUc">Papers Relating to the Foreign Relations of the United States</i></a>. U.S. Government Printing Office. p.<span id="mwCUg" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>359.</cite><span about="#mwt112" class="Z3988" id="mwCUk" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Papers+Relating+to+the+Foreign+Relations+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.pages=359&amp;rft.pub=U.S.+Government+Printing+Office&amp;rft.date=1942&amp;rft.au=United+States.+Department+of+State&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DHuusX2oQLLMC%26pg%3DPA359&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+8"></span></span>

The <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steel_strike_of_1919" id="mwvw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Steel strike of 1919">steel strike of 1919</a> ends in failure for the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amalgamated_Association_of_Iron_and_Steel_Workers" id="mwwA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Amalgamated Association of Iron and Steel Workers">Amalgamated Association of Iron, Steel and Tin Workers</a> labor union.<sup about="#mwt120" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-22"}}' id="cite_ref-22" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_8#cite_note-22" id="mwwQ" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 22;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwwg">[22]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-22"><cite about="#mwt117" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFRonald_L._Filippelli1990">Ronald L. Filippelli (1990). <a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=T0gYAAAAIAAJ" id="mwCU0" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwCU4">Labor Conflict in the United States: An Encyclopedia</i></a>. Garland Pub. p.<span id="mwCU8" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>8. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./ISBN_(identifier)" id="mwCVA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a><span id="mwCVE" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a href="./Special:BookSources/978-0-8240-7968-0" id="mwCVI" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8240-7968-0"><bdi id="mwCVM">978-0-8240-7968-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span about="#mwt117" class="Z3988" id="mwCVQ" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Labor+Conflict+in+the+United+States%3A+An+Encyclopedia&amp;rft.pages=8&amp;rft.pub=Garland+Pub.&amp;rft.date=1990&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-8240-7968-0&amp;rft.au=Ronald+L.+Filippelli&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DT0gYAAAAIAAJ&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+8"></span></span>

Crown Prince <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bảo_Đại" id="mwxg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Bảo Đại">Nguyễn Phúc Vĩnh Thuỵ</a> is crowned emperor of Vietnam, the country's last monarch.<sup about="#mwt125" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-23"}}' id="cite_ref-23" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_8#cite_note-23" id="mwxw" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 23;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwyA">[23]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-23"><cite about="#mwt122" class="citation web cs1" id="mwCVg"><a class="external text" href="http://indochine.uqam.ca/en/historical-dictionary/106-bo-i-nguyn-phuc-vnh-thy-jean-robert-19131997.html" id="mwCVk" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">"The Indochina War 1945-1956"</a>. <i id="mwCVo">UQUAM</i><span class="reference-accessdate" id="mwCVs">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap" id="mwCVw">17 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span about="#mwt122" class="Z3988" id="mwCV0" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=UQUAM&amp;rft.atitle=The+Indochina+War+1945-1956&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Findochine.uqam.ca%2Fen%2Fhistorical-dictionary%2F106-bo-i-nguyn-phuc-vnh-thy-jean-robert-19131997.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+8"></span></span>

<a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdul-Aziz_ibn_Saud" id="mwyw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Abdul-Aziz ibn Saud">Abdul-Aziz ibn Saud</a> is crowned King of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hejaz" id="mwzA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Hejaz">Hejaz</a>.<sup about="#mwt130" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{"name":"Thorp1934"},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-Thorp1934-24"}}' id="cite_ref-Thorp1934_24-0" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_8#cite_note-Thorp1934-24" id="mwzQ" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 24;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwzg">[24]</span></a></sup>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kashf-e_hijab" id="mw0g" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Kashf-e hijab">Kashf-e hijab</a> decree is made and immediately enforced by <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reza_Shah" id="mw0w" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Reza Shah">Reza Shah</a>, Iran's head of state, banning the wearing of Islamic veils in public.<sup about="#mwt135" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-25"}}' id="cite_ref-25" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_8#cite_note-25" id="mw1A" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 25;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mw1Q">[25]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-25">Paidar, Parvin (1995): <i id="mwCWc">Women and the Political Process in Twentieth-Century Iran</i>, Cambridge Middle East studies, Vol. 1, Cambridge, UK; New York: <a href="./Cambridge_University_Press" id="mwCWg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>, pp. 106<span id="mwCWk" typeof="mw:Entity">–</span>107, 214–215, 218–220, <a about="#mwt132" class="mw-redirect" href="./ISBN_(identifier)" id="mwCWs" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a><span about="#mwt132" id="mwCWw" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a about="#mwt132" href="./Special:BookSources/9780521473408" id="mwCW0" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Special:BookSources/9780521473408">9780521473408</a></span>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_War_II" id="mw2Q" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="World War II">World War II</a>: Britain <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rationing_in_the_United_Kingdom" id="mw2g" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Rationing in the United Kingdom">introduces food rationing</a>.<sup about="#mwt140" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-26"}}' id="cite_ref-26" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_8#cite_note-26" id="mw2w" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 26;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mw3A">[26]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-26"><cite about="#mwt137" class="citation news cs1" id="CITEREFLevy2015">Levy, Paul (8 January 2015). <a class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150111003329/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/history/world-war-two/11334162/How-rationing-in-World-War-2-democratised-the-British-table-and-made-us-all-healthier.html" id="mwCXE" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">"How rationing in World War 2 democratised the British table - and made us all healthier"</a>. <i id="mwCXI">The Telegraph</i>. Telegraph Media Group. Archived from <a class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/history/world-war-two/11334162/How-rationing-in-World-War-2-democratised-the-British-table-and-made-us-all-healthier.html" id="mwCXM" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">the original</a> on 11 January 2015<span class="reference-accessdate" id="mwCXQ">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap" id="mwCXU">8 January</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span about="#mwt137" class="Z3988" id="mwCXY" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=The+Telegraph&amp;rft.atitle=How+rationing+in+World+War+2+democratised+the+British+table+-+and+made+us+all+healthier&amp;rft.date=2015-01-08&amp;rft.aulast=Levy&amp;rft.aufirst=Paul&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fhistory%2Fworld-war-two%2F11334162%2FHow-rationing-in-World-War-2-democratised-the-British-table-and-made-us-all-healthier.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+8"></span></span>

World War II: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commonwealth_of_the_Philippines" id="mw4A" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Commonwealth of the Philippines">Philippine Commonwealth</a> troops under the Philippine Commonwealth Army units enter the province of Ilocos Sur in Northern Luzon and attack invading <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperial_Japanese_Army" id="mw4Q" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Imperial Japanese Army">Japanese Imperial forces</a>.<sup about="#mwt145" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-27"}}' id="cite_ref-27" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_8#cite_note-27" id="mw4g" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 27;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mw4w">[27]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-27"><cite about="#mwt142" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFKalinangan_Group1986">Kalinangan Group (1986). <a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=AmseAAAAMAAJ" id="mwCXo" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwCXs">The Philippines, Land and People: Atang</i></a>. Kalinangan Group. p.<span id="mwCXw" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>79. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./ISBN_(identifier)" id="mwCX0" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a><span id="mwCX4" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a href="./Special:BookSources/978-971-8518-00-7" id="mwCX8" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Special:BookSources/978-971-8518-00-7"><bdi id="mwCYA">978-971-8518-00-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span about="#mwt142" class="Z3988" id="mwCYE" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Philippines%2C+Land+and+People%3A+Atang&amp;rft.pages=79&amp;rft.pub=Kalinangan+Group&amp;rft.date=1986&amp;rft.isbn=978-971-8518-00-7&amp;rft.au=Kalinangan+Group&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DAmseAAAAMAAJ&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+8"></span></span>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrei_Zhdanov" id="mw5w" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Andrei Zhdanov">Andrei Zhdanov</a>, Chairman of the Finnish Allied Commission, submitted to the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/War-responsibility_trials_in_Finland" id="mw6A" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="War-responsibility trials in Finland">Finnish War Criminal Court</a> an interrogation report by General <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erich_Buschenhagen" id="mw6Q" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Erich Buschenhagen">Erich Buschenhagen</a>, a German prisoner of war, on the contacts between Finnish and German military personnel before the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continuation_War" id="mw6g" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Continuation War">Continuation War</a> and a copy of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adolf_Hitler" id="mw6w" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Adolf Hitler">Hitler</a>'s <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Barbarossa" id="mw7A" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Operation Barbarossa">Barbarossa plan</a>.<sup about="#mwt150" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-28"}}' id="cite_ref-28" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_8#cite_note-28" id="mw7Q" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 28;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mw7g">[28]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-28"><cite about="#mwt147" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" id="CITEREFAri_Raunio_&amp;_Juri_Kilin2005">Ari Raunio &amp; Juri Kilin (2005). <i id="mwCYU">Itsenäisyyden puolustajat, Sodan taisteluja 2, Jatkosota</i> (in Finnish). Weilin+Göös. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./ISBN_(identifier)" id="mwCYY" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a><span id="mwCYc" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a href="./Special:BookSources/951-593-927-5" id="mwCYg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Special:BookSources/951-593-927-5"><bdi id="mwCYk">951-593-927-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span about="#mwt147" class="Z3988" id="mwCYo" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Itsen%C3%A4isyyden+puolustajat%2C+Sodan+taisteluja+2%2C+Jatkosota&amp;rft.pub=Weilin%2BG%C3%B6%C3%B6s&amp;rft.date=2005&amp;rft.isbn=951-593-927-5&amp;rft.au=Ari+Raunio+%26+Juri+Kilin&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+8"></span><link about="#mwt147" href="./Category:CS1_Finnish-language_sources_(fi)" id="mwCYs" rel="mw:PageProp/Category"/></span>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Auca" id="mw8g" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Operation Auca">Operation Auca</a>: Five U.S. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Missionary" id="mw8w" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Missionary">missionaries</a> are killed by the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huaorani_people" id="mw9A" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Huaorani people">Huaorani</a> of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecuador" id="mw9Q" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Ecuador">Ecuador</a> shortly after making first contact.<sup about="#mwt155" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-29"}}' id="cite_ref-29" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_8#cite_note-29" id="mw9g" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 29;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mw9w">[29]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-29"><cite about="#mwt152" class="citation book cs1" id="mwCY8"><a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=H93gyBtoezYC" id="mwCZA" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwCZE">The A.B.M. Review</i></a>. 1966. p.<span id="mwCZI" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>52.</cite><span about="#mwt152" class="Z3988" id="mwCZM" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+A.B.M.+Review&amp;rft.pages=52&amp;rft.date=1966&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DH93gyBtoezYC&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+8"></span></span>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_de_Gaulle" id="mw-w" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Charles de Gaulle">Charles de Gaulle</a> is proclaimed as the first President of the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_Fifth_Republic" id="mw_A" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="French Fifth Republic">French Fifth Republic</a>.<sup about="#mwt160" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-30"}}' id="cite_ref-30" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_8#cite_note-30" id="mw_Q" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 30;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mw_g">[30]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-30"><cite about="#mwt157" class="citation news cs1" id="mwCZc"><a class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/january/8/newsid_2772000/2772249.stm" id="mwCZg" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">"1959: De Gaulle becomes president"</a>. <i id="mwCZk">BBC News</i>. BBC<span class="reference-accessdate" id="mwCZo">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap" id="mwCZs">8 January</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span about="#mwt157" class="Z3988" id="mwCZw" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=BBC+News&amp;rft.atitle=1959%3A+De+Gaulle+becomes+president&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2Fonthisday%2Fhi%2Fdates%2Fstories%2Fjanuary%2F8%2Fnewsid_2772000%2F2772249.stm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+8"></span></span>

In France a <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_referendum_on_Algerian_self-determination,_1961" id="mwAQI" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="French referendum on Algerian self-determination, 1961">referendum</a> supports Charles de Gaulle's policies in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algeria" id="mwAQM" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Algeria">Algeria</a>.<sup about="#mwt165" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-31"}}' id="cite_ref-31" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_8#cite_note-31" id="mwAQQ" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 31;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwAQU">[31]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-31"><cite about="#mwt162" class="citation news cs1" id="mwCaA"><a class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/january/8/newsid_4464000/4464264.stm" id="mwCaE" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">"1961: French vote for Algerian freedom"</a>. <i id="mwCaI">BBC News</i>. BBC<span class="reference-accessdate" id="mwCaM">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap" id="mwCaQ">8 January</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span about="#mwt162" class="Z3988" id="mwCaU" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=BBC+News&amp;rft.atitle=1961%3A+French+vote+for+Algerian+freedom&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2Fonthisday%2Fhi%2Fdates%2Fstories%2Fjanuary%2F8%2Fnewsid_4464000%2F4464264.stm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+8"></span></span>

President <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyndon_B._Johnson" id="mwAQk" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Lyndon B. Johnson">Lyndon B. Johnson</a> declares a "<a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/War_on_Poverty" id="mwAQo" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="War on Poverty">War on Poverty</a>" in the United States.<sup about="#mwt170" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-32"}}' id="cite_ref-32" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_8#cite_note-32" id="mwAQs" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 32;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwAQw">[32]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-32"><cite about="#mwt167" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFAlan_S._Newell1986">Alan S. Newell (1986). <a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Di6FGuk4xBEC&amp;pg=PA65-IA15" id="mwCak" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwCao">A Forest in Trust: Three-quarters of a Century of Indian Forestry, 1910-1986</i></a>. The Division. p.<span id="mwCas" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>65.</cite><span about="#mwt167" class="Z3988" id="mwCaw" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=A+Forest+in+Trust%3A+Three-quarters+of+a+Century+of+Indian+Forestry%2C+1910-1986&amp;rft.pages=65&amp;rft.pub=The+Division&amp;rft.date=1986&amp;rft.au=Alan+S.+Newell&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DDi6FGuk4xBEC%26pg%3DPA65-IA15&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+8"></span></span>

Bowing to international pressure, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/President_of_Pakistan" id="mwARA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="President of Pakistan">President of Pakistan</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zulfikar_Ali_Bhutto" id="mwARE" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Zulfikar Ali Bhutto">Zulfikar Ali Bhutto</a> releases <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bengali_people" id="mwARI" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Bengali people">Bengali</a> leader <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman" id="mwARM" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Sheikh Mujibur Rahman">Sheikh Mujibur Rahman</a> from prison, who had been arrested after declaring the independence of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladesh" id="mwARQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a>.<sup about="#mwt175" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-33"}}' id="cite_ref-33" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_8#cite_note-33" id="mwARU" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 33;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwARY">[33]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-33"><cite about="#mwt172" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFRichard_F._Nyrop1975">Richard F. Nyrop (1975). <a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Y5jTh7DA598C&amp;pg=PA254" id="mwCbA" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwCbE">Area Handbook for Pakistan</i></a>. U.S. Government Printing Office. p.<span id="mwCbI" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>254.</cite><span about="#mwt172" class="Z3988" id="mwCbM" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Area+Handbook+for+Pakistan&amp;rft.pages=254&amp;rft.pub=U.S.+Government+Printing+Office&amp;rft.date=1975&amp;rft.au=Richard+F.+Nyrop&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DY5jTh7DA598C%26pg%3DPA254&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+8"></span></span>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soviet_Union" id="mwARo" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Soviet Union">Soviet</a> space mission <i id="mwARs"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luna_21" id="mwARw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Luna 21">Luna 21</a></i> is launched.<sup about="#mwt180" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-34"}}' id="cite_ref-34" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_8#cite_note-34" id="mwAR0" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 34;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwAR4">[34]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-34"><cite about="#mwt177" class="citation news cs1" id="CITEREFShabad1973">Shabad, Theodore (17 January 1973). <a class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1973/01/17/archives/soviet-luna-21-lands-on-moon-delivering-lunokhod-2-craft-for.html" id="mwCbc" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">"Soviet Luna 21 Lands on Moon, Delivering Lunokhod 2 Craft for Exploration"</a>. <i id="mwCbg">The New York Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate" id="mwCbk">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap" id="mwCbo">8 January</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span about="#mwt177" class="Z3988" id="mwCbs" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&amp;rft.atitle=Soviet+Luna+21+Lands+on+Moon%2C+Delivering+Lunokhod+2+Craft+for+Exploration&amp;rft.date=1973-01-17&amp;rft.aulast=Shabad&amp;rft.aufirst=Theodore&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1973%2F01%2F17%2Farchives%2Fsoviet-luna-21-lands-on-moon-delivering-lunokhod-2-craft-for.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+8"></span></span>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watergate_scandal" id="mwASE" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Watergate scandal">Watergate scandal</a>: The trial of seven men accused of illegal entry into <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" id="mwASI" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic Party</a> headquarters at <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watergate_complex" id="mwASM" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Watergate complex">Watergate</a> begins.<sup about="#mwt185" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-35"}}' id="cite_ref-35" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_8#cite_note-35" id="mwASQ" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 35;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwASU">[35]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-35"><cite about="#mwt182" class="citation web cs1" id="mwCb8"><a class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220713200337/https://www.visitthecapitol.gov/exhibitions/congress-investigates-part-2/watergate-break" id="mwCcA" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">"The Watergate Break-in"</a>. <i id="mwCcE">U.S. Capitol Visitor Center</i>. Archived from <a class="external text" href="https://www.visitthecapitol.gov/exhibitions/congress-investigates-part-2/watergate-break" id="mwCcI" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">the original</a> on 2022-07-13<span class="reference-accessdate" id="mwCcM">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap" id="mwCcQ">2021-06-14</span></span>.</cite><span about="#mwt182" class="Z3988" id="mwCcU" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=U.S.+Capitol+Visitor+Center&amp;rft.atitle=The+Watergate+Break-in&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.visitthecapitol.gov%2Fexhibitions%2Fcongress-investigates-part-2%2Fwatergate-break&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+8"></span></span>

<a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ella_T._Grasso" id="mwASk" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Ella T. Grasso">Ella T. Grasso</a> becomes <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_Connecticut" id="mwASo" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="List of Governors of Connecticut">Governor of Connecticut</a>, the first woman to serve as a Governor in the United States other than by succeeding her husband.<sup about="#mwt190" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{"name":"auto"},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-auto-36"}}' id="cite_ref-auto_36-0" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_8#cite_note-auto-36" id="mwASs" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 36;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwASw">[36]</span></a></sup>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1977_Moscow_bombings" id="mwATA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="1977 Moscow bombings">Three bombs</a> explode in Moscow, Russia, Soviet Union, within 37 minutes, killing seven. The bombings are attributed to an <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armenians" id="mwATE" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Armenians">Armenian</a> separatist group.<sup about="#mwt195" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-37"}}' id="cite_ref-37" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_8#cite_note-37" id="mwATI" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 37;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwATM">[37]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-37"><cite about="#mwt192" class="citation web cs1" id="CITEREFStepanov2004">Stepanov, Alexei (31 January 2004). <a class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091224124752/http://old.samara.ru/paper/41/5070/91049/" id="mwCdM" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">"Бомба в московском метро"</a>. <i id="mwCdQ">"Волжская Коммуна" №18</i>. Archived from <a class="external text" href="http://old.samara.ru/paper/41/5070/91049/" id="mwCdU" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">the original</a> on 24 December 2009<span class="reference-accessdate" id="mwCdY">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap" id="mwCdc">11 January</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span about="#mwt192" class="Z3988" id="mwCdg" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=%22%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B6%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%22+%E2%84%9618&amp;rft.atitle=%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%B0+%D0%B2+%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC+%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE&amp;rft.date=2004-01-31&amp;rft.aulast=Stepanov&amp;rft.aufirst=Alexei&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fold.samara.ru%2Fpaper%2F41%2F5070%2F91049%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+8"></span></span>

A local farmer reports a <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trans-en-Provence_Case" id="mwATc" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Trans-en-Provence Case">UFO sighting</a> in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trans-en-Provence" id="mwATg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Trans-en-Provence">Trans-en-Provence, France</a>, claimed to be "perhaps the most completely and carefully documented sighting of all time".<sup about="#mwt200" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-38"}}' id="cite_ref-38" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_8#cite_note-38" id="mwATk" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 38;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwATo">[38]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-38"><cite about="#mwt197" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFJerome_Clark1990">Jerome Clark (1990). <a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=t9rWAAAAMAAJ" id="mwCdw" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwCd0">High Strangeness: UFOs from 1960 Through 1979</i></a>. Apogee Books. p.<span id="mwCd4" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>78. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./ISBN_(identifier)" id="mwCd8" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a><span id="mwCeA" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a href="./Special:BookSources/978-1-55888-742-8" id="mwCeE" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-55888-742-8"><bdi id="mwCeI">978-1-55888-742-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span about="#mwt197" class="Z3988" id="mwCeM" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=High+Strangeness%3A+UFOs+from+1960+Through+1979&amp;rft.pages=78&amp;rft.pub=Apogee+Books&amp;rft.date=1990&amp;rft.isbn=978-1-55888-742-8&amp;rft.au=Jerome+Clark&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dt9rWAAAAMAAJ&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+8"></span></span>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breakup_of_the_Bell_System" id="mwAT4" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Breakup of the Bell System">Breakup of the Bell System</a>: In the United States, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AT&amp;T_Corporation" id="mwAT8" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="AT&amp;T Corporation">AT&amp;T</a> agrees to divest itself of twenty-two subdivisions.<sup about="#mwt202" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{"name":"auto"}}' id="cite_ref-auto_36-1" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_8#cite_note-auto-36" id="mwAUA" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 36;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwAUE">[36]</span></a></sup>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kegworth_air_disaster" id="mwAUU" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Kegworth air disaster">Kegworth air disaster</a>: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Midland_International" id="mwAUY" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="British Midland International">British Midland</a> Flight 92, a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boeing_737_Classic" id="mwAUc" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Boeing 737 Classic">Boeing 737-400</a>, crashes into the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M1_motorway" id="mwAUg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="M1 motorway">M1 motorway</a>, killing 47 of the 126 people on board.<sup about="#mwt207" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-39"}}' id="cite_ref-39" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_8#cite_note-39" id="mwAUk" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 39;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwAUo">[39]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-39"><cite about="#mwt204" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFHurst1998">Hurst, Nick W. (1998). <a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=O_DBi2TmXTsC&amp;pg=PA8" id="mwCec" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwCeg">Risk Assessment: The Human Dimension</i></a>. Royal Society of Chemistry. p.<span id="mwCek" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>8. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./ISBN_(identifier)" id="mwCeo" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a><span id="mwCes" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a href="./Special:BookSources/978-0-85404-554-9" id="mwCew" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-85404-554-9"><bdi id="mwCe0">978-0-85404-554-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span about="#mwt204" class="Z3988" id="mwCe4" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Risk+Assessment%3A+The+Human+Dimension&amp;rft.pages=8&amp;rft.pub=Royal+Society+of+Chemistry&amp;rft.date=1998&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-85404-554-9&amp;rft.aulast=Hurst&amp;rft.aufirst=Nick+W.&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DO_DBi2TmXTsC%26pg%3DPA8&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+8"></span></span>

Russian <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cosmonaut" id="mwAU4" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Cosmonaut">cosmonaut</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valeri_Polyakov" id="mwAU8" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Valeri Polyakov">Valeri Polyakov</a> on <i id="mwAVA"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soyuz_TM-18" id="mwAVE" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Soyuz TM-18">Soyuz TM-18</a></i> leaves for <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mir" id="mwAVI" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Mir">Mir</a>. He would stay on the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space_station" id="mwAVM" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Space station">space station</a> until March 22, 1995, for a record 437 days in space.<sup about="#mwt212" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-40"}}' id="cite_ref-40" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_8#cite_note-40" id="mwAVQ" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 40;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwAVU">[40]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-40"><cite about="#mwt209" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFJohn_Wilkinson2009">John Wilkinson (2009). <a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=hXmZP40vFksC&amp;pg=PA23" id="mwCfI" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwCfM">Probing the New Solar System</i></a>. Csiro Publishing. p.<span id="mwCfQ" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>23. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./ISBN_(identifier)" id="mwCfU" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a><span id="mwCfY" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a href="./Special:BookSources/978-0-643-09575-5" id="mwCfc" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-643-09575-5"><bdi id="mwCfg">978-0-643-09575-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span about="#mwt209" class="Z3988" id="mwCfk" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Probing+the+New+Solar+System&amp;rft.pages=23&amp;rft.pub=Csiro+Publishing&amp;rft.date=2009&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-643-09575-5&amp;rft.au=John+Wilkinson&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DhXmZP40vFksC%26pg%3DPA23&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+8"></span></span>

An <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonov_An-32" id="mwAVk" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Antonov An-32">Antonov An-32</a> cargo aircraft <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1996_Air_Africa_crash" id="mwAVo" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="1996 Air Africa crash">crashes into a crowded market</a> in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinshasa" id="mwAVs" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Kinshasa">Kinshasa</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zaire" id="mwAVw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Zaire">Zaire</a>, killing up to 223 people on the ground; two of six crew members are also killed.<sup about="#mwt217" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-41"}}' id="cite_ref-41" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_8#cite_note-41" id="mwAV0" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 41;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwAV4">[41]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-41"><cite about="#mwt214" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFBen_R._Guttery1998">Ben R. Guttery (1 January 1998). <a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=KBmGpaD36cMC&amp;pg=PA43" id="mwCf0" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwCf4">Encyclopedia of African Airlines</i></a>. Ben Guttery. p.<span id="mwCf8" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>43. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./ISBN_(identifier)" id="mwCgA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a><span id="mwCgE" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a href="./Special:BookSources/978-0-7864-0495-7" id="mwCgI" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7864-0495-7"><bdi id="mwCgM">978-0-7864-0495-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span about="#mwt214" class="Z3988" id="mwCgQ" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+African+Airlines&amp;rft.pages=43&amp;rft.pub=Ben+Guttery&amp;rft.date=1998-01-01&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-7864-0495-7&amp;rft.au=Ben+R.+Guttery&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DKBmGpaD36cMC%26pg%3DPA43&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+8"></span></span>

President of the United States <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_W._Bush" id="mwAWI" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a> signs into law the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/No_Child_Left_Behind_Act" id="mwAWM" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="No Child Left Behind Act">No Child Left Behind Act</a>.<sup about="#mwt222" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-42"}}' id="cite_ref-42" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_8#cite_note-42" id="mwAWQ" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 42;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwAWU">[42]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-42"><cite about="#mwt219" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFWilliam_Hayes2008">William Hayes (14 August 2008). <a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=W67vHaByunAC&amp;pg=PA159" id="mwCgg" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwCgk">No Child Left Behind: Past, Present, and Future</i></a>. R&amp;L Education. p.<span id="mwCgo" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>159. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./ISBN_(identifier)" id="mwCgs" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a><span id="mwCgw" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a href="./Special:BookSources/978-1-57886-897-1" id="mwCg0" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-57886-897-1"><bdi id="mwCg4">978-1-57886-897-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span about="#mwt219" class="Z3988" id="mwCg8" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=No+Child+Left+Behind%3A+Past%2C+Present%2C+and+Future&amp;rft.pages=159&amp;rft.pub=R%26L+Education&amp;rft.date=2008-08-14&amp;rft.isbn=978-1-57886-897-1&amp;rft.au=William+Hayes&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DW67vHaByunAC%26pg%3DPA159&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+8"></span></span>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkish_Airlines_Flight_634" id="mwAWk" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Turkish Airlines Flight 634">Turkish Airlines Flight 634</a> crashes near <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diyarbakır_Airport" id="mwAWo" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Diyarbakır Airport">Diyarbakır Airport</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkey" id="mwAWs" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Turkey">Turkey</a>, killing the entire crew and 70 of the 75 passengers.<sup about="#mwt227" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-43"}}' id="cite_ref-43" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_8#cite_note-43" id="mwAWw" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 43;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwAW0">[43]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-43"><cite about="#mwt224" class="citation news cs1" id="mwChM"><a class="external text" href="http://www.cnn.com/2003/WORLD/europe/01/08/turkish.plane.crash/" id="mwChQ" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">"Turkish Airlines plane crashes, 75 dead, 5 survivors"</a>. <i id="mwChU">CNN</i>. 8 January 2003<span class="reference-accessdate" id="mwChY">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap" id="mwChc">29 December</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span about="#mwt224" class="Z3988" id="mwChg" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=CNN&amp;rft.atitle=Turkish+Airlines+plane+crashes%2C+75+dead%2C+5+survivors&amp;rft.date=2003-01-08&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2003%2FWORLD%2Feurope%2F01%2F08%2Fturkish.plane.crash%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+8"></span></span>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_Midwest_Flight_5481" id="mwAXA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Air Midwest Flight 5481">Air Midwest Flight 5481</a> crashes at <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charlotte_Douglas_International_Airport" id="mwAXE" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Charlotte Douglas International Airport">Charlotte-Douglas Airport</a>, in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charlotte,_North_Carolina" id="mwAXI" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Charlotte, North Carolina">Charlotte</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Carolina" id="mwAXM" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="North Carolina">North Carolina</a>, killing all 21 people on board.<sup about="#mwt232" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-44"}}' id="cite_ref-44" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_8#cite_note-44" id="mwAXQ" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 44;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwAXU">[44]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-44"><cite about="#mwt229" class="citation book cs1" id="mwChw"><a class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150217155524/https://www.ntsb.gov/investigations/AccidentReports/Reports/AAR0401.pdf" id="mwCh0" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwCh4">Aircraft Accident Report: Loss of Pitch Control During Takeoff, Air Midwest Flight 5481, Raytheon (Beechcraft) 1900D, N233YV, Charlotte, North Carolina, January 8, 2003</i></a> <span class="cs1-format" id="mwCh8">(PDF)</span>. <a href="./National_Transportation_Safety_Board" id="mwCiA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="National Transportation Safety Board">National Transportation Safety Board</a>. February 26, 2004. NTSB/AAR-04/01. Archived from <a class="external text" href="https://www.ntsb.gov/investigations/AccidentReports/Reports/AAR0401.pdf" id="mwCiE" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format" id="mwCiI">(PDF)</span> on February 17, 2015.</cite><span about="#mwt229" class="Z3988" id="mwCiM" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Aircraft+Accident+Report%3A+Loss+of+Pitch+Control+During+Takeoff%2C+Air+Midwest+Flight+5481%2C+Raytheon+%28Beechcraft%29+1900D%2C+N233YV%2C+Charlotte%2C+North+Carolina%2C+January+8%2C+2003&amp;rft.pub=National+Transportation+Safety+Board&amp;rft.date=2004-02-26&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ntsb.gov%2Finvestigations%2FAccidentReports%2FReports%2FAAR0401.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+8"></span></span>

The <a about="#mwt234" data-mw='{"parts":[{"template":{"target":{"wt":"RMS","href":"./Template:RMS"},"params":{"1":{"wt":"Queen Mary 2"}},"i":0}}]}' href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Queen_Mary_2" id="mwAXk" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Queen Mary 2" typeof="mw:Transclusion">RMS<span typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><i>Queen Mary 2</i></a>, then the largest <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ocean_liner" id="mwAXo" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Ocean liner">ocean liner</a> ever built, is christened by her namesake's granddaughter, Queen <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_II" id="mwAXs" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Elizabeth II">Elizabeth II</a>.<sup about="#mwt238" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-45"}}' id="cite_ref-45" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_8#cite_note-45" id="mwAXw" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 45;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwAX0">[45]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-45"><cite about="#mwt235" class="citation web cs1" id="mwCic"><a class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181019220221/https://www.cunard.com/documents/press%20kits/queen%20mary%202/queen_mary_2_technical.pdf" id="mwCig" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">"QUEEN MARY 2 TECHNICAL INFORMATION"</a> <span class="cs1-format" id="mwCik">(PDF)</span>. <i id="mwCio">Cunard.com</i>. Cunard. Archived from <a class="external text" href="http://www.cunard.com/documents/press%20kits/queen%20mary%202/queen_mary_2_technical.pdf" id="mwCis" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format" id="mwCiw">(PDF)</span> on 19 October 2018<span class="reference-accessdate" id="mwCi0">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap" id="mwCi4">16 April</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span about="#mwt235" class="Z3988" id="mwCi8" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Cunard.com&amp;rft.atitle=QUEEN+MARY+2+TECHNICAL+INFORMATION&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cunard.com%2Fdocuments%2Fpress%2520kits%2Fqueen%2520mary%25202%2Fqueen_mary_2_technical.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+8"></span></span>

The nuclear sub <a about="#mwt240" data-mw='{"parts":[{"template":{"target":{"wt":"USS","href":"./Template:USS"},"params":{"1":{"wt":"San Francisco"},"2":{"wt":"SSN-711"},"3":{"wt":"6"}},"i":0}}]}' href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS_San_Francisco_(SSN-711)" id="mwAYE" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="USS San Francisco (SSN-711)" typeof="mw:Transclusion">USS<span typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><i>San Francisco</i></a> collides at full speed with an undersea mountain south of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guam" id="mwAYI" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Guam">Guam</a>. One man is killed, but the sub surfaces and is repaired.<sup about="#mwt244" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-46"}}' id="cite_ref-46" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_8#cite_note-46" id="mwAYM" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 46;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwAYQ">[46]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-46"><cite about="#mwt241" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFNicholas_Costa2013">Nicholas Costa (2013). <a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=xGb-9NimZGoC&amp;pg=PA17" id="mwCjM" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwCjQ">Adam to Apophis: Asteroids, Millenarianism and Climate Change</i></a>. D'Aleman Publishing. p.<span id="mwCjU" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>17. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./ISBN_(identifier)" id="mwCjY" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a><span id="mwCjc" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a href="./Special:BookSources/978-9963-2917-0-0" id="mwCjg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Special:BookSources/978-9963-2917-0-0"><bdi id="mwCjk">978-9963-2917-0-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span about="#mwt241" class="Z3988" id="mwCjo" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Adam+to+Apophis%3A+Asteroids%2C+Millenarianism+and+Climate+Change&amp;rft.pages=17&amp;rft.pub=D%27Aleman+Publishing&amp;rft.date=2013&amp;rft.isbn=978-9963-2917-0-0&amp;rft.au=Nicholas+Costa&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DxGb-9NimZGoC%26pg%3DPA17&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+8"></span></span>

A 6.1-magnitude <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009_Costa_Rica_earthquake" id="mwAYg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="2009 Costa Rica earthquake">earthquake</a> in northern <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Costa_Rica" id="mwAYk" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Costa Rica">Costa Rica</a> kills 15 people and injures 32.<sup about="#mwt249" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-47"}}' id="cite_ref-47" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_8#cite_note-47" id="mwAYo" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 47;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwAYs">[47]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-47"><cite about="#mwt246" class="citation web cs1" id="mwCj4"><a class="external text" href="https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/images/36696/61-earthquake-in-costa-rica#:~:text=A%20magnitude%206.1%20earthquake%20caused,U.S.%20Geological%20Survey%20(USGS).&amp;text=The%20quake%20damaged%20buildings%20and,the%20deaths%2C%20said%20the%20USGS." id="mwCj8" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">"6.1 Earthquake in Costa Rica"</a>. <i id="mwCkA">NASA Earth Observatory</i>. 16 January 2009<span class="reference-accessdate" id="mwCkE">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap" id="mwCkI">17 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span about="#mwt246" class="Z3988" id="mwCkM" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=NASA+Earth+Observatory&amp;rft.atitle=6.1+Earthquake+in+Costa+Rica&amp;rft.date=2009-01-16&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fearthobservatory.nasa.gov%2Fimages%2F36696%2F61-earthquake-in-costa-rica%23%3A~%3Atext%3DA%2520magnitude%25206.1%2520earthquake%2520caused%2CU.S.%2520Geological%2520Survey%2520%28USGS%29.%26text%3DThe%2520quake%2520damaged%2520buildings%2520and%2Cthe%2520deaths%252C%2520said%2520the%2520USGS.&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+8"></span></span>

Gunmen from an offshoot of the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Front_for_the_Liberation_of_the_Enclave_of_Cabinda" id="mwAY8" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Front for the Liberation of the Enclave of Cabinda">Front for the Liberation of the Enclave of Cabinda</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Togo_national_football_team_attack" id="mwAZA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Togo national football team attack">attack a bus</a> carrying the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Togo_national_football_team" id="mwAZE" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Togo national football team">Togo national football team</a> on its way to the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2010_Africa_Cup_of_Nations" id="mwAZI" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="2010 Africa Cup of Nations">2010 Africa Cup of Nations</a>, killing three people and injuring another nine.<sup about="#mwt254" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-48"}}' id="cite_ref-48" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_8#cite_note-48" id="mwAZM" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 48;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwAZQ">[48]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-48"><cite about="#mwt251" class="citation news cs1" id="mwCkc"><a class="external text" href="http://www.cnn.com/2010/SPORT/football/01/09/angola.african.nations.cup.togo/index.html" id="mwCkg" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">"Assistant coach among dead in attack on Togo team"</a>. CNN. 9 January 2010<span class="reference-accessdate" id="mwCkk">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap" id="mwCko">10 January</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span about="#mwt251" class="Z3988" id="mwCks" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=Assistant+coach+among+dead+in+attack+on+Togo+team&amp;rft.date=2010-01-09&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2010%2FSPORT%2Ffootball%2F01%2F09%2Fangola.african.nations.cup.togo%2Findex.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+8"></span></span>

Sitting US Congresswoman <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gabby_Giffords" id="mwAZg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Gabby Giffords">Gabby Giffords</a> is shot in the head along with 18 others in a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2011_Tucson_shooting" id="mwAZk" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="2011 Tucson shooting">mass shooting in Tucson, Arizona</a>. Giffords survived the assassination attempt, but six others died, including <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Roll" id="mwAZo" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="John Roll">John Roll</a>, a federal judge.<sup about="#mwt259" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-49"}}' id="cite_ref-49" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_8#cite_note-49" id="mwAZs" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 49;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwAZw">[49]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-49"><cite about="#mwt256" class="citation news cs1" id="mwCk8"><a class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSTRE7071IA20110108" id="mwClA" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">"Congresswoman Giffords wounded, five killed in shooting"</a>. Reuters. 8 January 2010<span class="reference-accessdate" id="mwClE">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap" id="mwClI">2 January</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span about="#mwt256" class="Z3988" id="mwClM" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=Congresswoman+Giffords+wounded%2C+five+killed+in+shooting&amp;rft.date=2010-01-08&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2FidUSTRE7071IA20110108&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+8"></span></span>

<a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joaquín_Guzmán" id="mwAaA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Joaquín Guzmán">Joaquín Guzmán</a>, widely regarded as the world's most powerful drug trafficker, is recaptured following his escape from a maximum security prison in Mexico.<sup about="#mwt264" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-50"}}' id="cite_ref-50" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_8#cite_note-50" id="mwAaE" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 50;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwAaI">[50]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-50"><cite about="#mwt261" class="citation web cs1" id="CITEREFAgren2016">Agren, David (8 January 2016). <a class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/jan/08/mexican-drug-lord-el-chapo-recaptured-president-says" id="mwClc" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">"Mexico recaptures drug cartel kingpin El Chapo after humiliating prison escape"</a>. <i id="mwClg">The Guardian</i><span class="reference-accessdate" id="mwClk">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap" id="mwClo">3 March</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span about="#mwt261" class="Z3988" id="mwCls" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&amp;rft.atitle=Mexico+recaptures+drug+cartel+kingpin+El+Chapo+after+humiliating+prison+escape&amp;rft.date=2016-01-08&amp;rft.aulast=Agren&amp;rft.aufirst=David&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2016%2Fjan%2F08%2Fmexican-drug-lord-el-chapo-recaptured-president-says&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+8"></span></span>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Air_Sweden_Flight_294" id="mwAaU" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="West Air Sweden Flight 294">West Air Sweden Flight 294</a> crashes near the Swedish reservoir of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akkajaure" id="mwAaY" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Akkajaure">Akkajaure</a>; both pilots, the only people on board, are killed.<sup about="#mwt269" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-51"}}' id="cite_ref-51" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_8#cite_note-51" id="mwAac" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 51;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwAag">[51]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-51"><cite about="#mwt266" class="citation web cs1" id="CITEREFRanter">Ranter, Harro. <a class="external text" href="https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=20160108-0" id="mwCl8" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">"ASN Aircraft accident Canadair CL-600-2B19 Regional Jet CRJ-200PF SE-DUX Oajevágge"</a>. <i id="mwCmA">aviation-safety.net</i>. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./Aviation_Safety_Network" id="mwCmE" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Aviation Safety Network">Aviation Safety Network</a><span class="reference-accessdate" id="mwCmI">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap" id="mwCmM">2021-12-20</span></span>.</cite><span about="#mwt266" class="Z3988" id="mwCmQ" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=aviation-safety.net&amp;rft.atitle=ASN+Aircraft+accident+Canadair+CL-600-2B19+Regional+Jet+CRJ-200PF+SE-DUX+Oajev%C3%A1gge&amp;rft.aulast=Ranter&amp;rft.aufirst=Harro&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Faviation-safety.net%2Fdatabase%2Frecord.php%3Fid%3D20160108-0&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+8"></span></span>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraine_International_Airlines_Flight_752" id="mwAaw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Ukraine International Airlines Flight 752">Ukraine International Airlines Flight 752</a> crashes immediately after takeoff at <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tehran_Imam_Khomeini_International_Airport" id="mwAa0" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Tehran Imam Khomeini International Airport">Tehran Imam Khomeini International Airport</a>; all 176 on board are killed. The plane was shot down by an Iranian anti-aircraft missile.<sup about="#mwt274" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-52"}}' id="cite_ref-52" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_8#cite_note-52" id="mwAa4" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 52;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwAa8">[52]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-52"><cite about="#mwt271" class="citation news cs1" id="mwCmg"><a class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/01/11/world/middleeast/plane-crash.html" id="mwCmk" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">"Plane Shot Down Because of Human Error, Iran Says"</a>. <i id="mwCmo">The New York Times</i>. January 11, 2020.</cite><span about="#mwt271" class="Z3988" id="mwCms" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&amp;rft.atitle=Plane+Shot+Down+Because+of+Human+Error%2C+Iran+Says&amp;rft.date=2020-01-11&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2020%2F01%2F11%2Fworld%2Fmiddleeast%2Fplane-crash.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+8"></span></span>

Twenty-three people are killed in what is described as a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_Vega_raid" id="mwAbM" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="La Vega raid">police ″massacre″</a> in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_Vega_Parish" id="mwAbQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="La Vega Parish">La Vega</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caracas" id="mwAbU" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Caracas">Caracas</a>, Venezuela.<sup about="#mwt279" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-53"}}' id="cite_ref-53" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_8#cite_note-53" id="mwAbY" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 53;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwAbc">[53]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-53"><cite about="#mwt276" class="citation news cs1" id="mwCm8"><a class="external text" href="https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20210111-activists-claim-venezuela-police-massacre-killed-23-people" id="mwCnA" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">"Activists claim Venezuela police 'massacre' killed 23 people"</a>. <i id="mwCnE">France 24</i>. 11 January 2021<span class="reference-accessdate" id="mwCnI">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap" id="mwCnM">March 11,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span about="#mwt276" class="Z3988" id="mwCnQ" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=France+24&amp;rft.atitle=Activists+claim+Venezuela+police+%27massacre%27+killed+23+people&amp;rft.date=2021-01-11&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.france24.com%2Fen%2Flive-news%2F20210111-activists-claim-venezuela-police-massacre-killed-23-people&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+8"></span></span>

Supporters of former Brazil president <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jair_Bolsonaro" id="mwAbs" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Jair Bolsonaro">Jair Bolsonaro</a> <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2023_Praça_dos_Três_Poderes_attack" id="mwAbw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="2023 Praça dos Três Poderes attack">storm</a> the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Congress_of_Brazil" id="mwAb0" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="National Congress of Brazil">Brazilian Congress</a>.<sup about="#mwt284" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-54"}}' id="cite_ref-54" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_8#cite_note-54" id="mwAb4" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 54;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwAb8">[54]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-54"><cite about="#mwt281" class="citation news cs1" id="mwCng"><a class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-latin-america-64204860" id="mwCnk" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">"Bolsonaro supporters storm Brazilian Congress"</a>. <i id="mwCno">BBC News</i>. 2023-01-08<span class="reference-accessdate" id="mwCns">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap" id="mwCnw">2023-01-08</span></span>.</cite><span about="#mwt281" class="Z3988" id="mwCn0" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=BBC+News&amp;rft.atitle=Bolsonaro+supporters+storm+Brazilian+Congress&amp;rft.date=2023-01-08&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fworld-latin-america-64204860&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+8"></span></span>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twelfth_Council_of_Toledo" id="mwEQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Twelfth Council of Toledo">Twelfth Council of Toledo</a>: King <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erwig" id="mwEg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Erwig">Erwig</a> of the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visigoths" id="mwEw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Visigoths">Visigoths</a> initiates a council in which he implements diverse measures against the Jews in Spain.<sup about="#mwt15" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-1"}}' id="cite_ref-1" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_9#cite_note-1" id="mwFA" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 1;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwFQ">[1]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-1"><cite about="#mwt12" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFSolomon_Katz1970">Solomon Katz (1970). <a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=5K2ODyaCIYQC" id="mwB6o" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwB6s">The Jews in the Visigothic and Frankish Kingdoms of Spain and Gaul</i></a>. Concordance Society. p.<span id="mwB6w" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>17.</cite><span about="#mwt12" class="Z3988" id="mwB60" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Jews+in+the+Visigothic+and+Frankish+Kingdoms+of+Spain+and+Gaul&amp;rft.pages=17&amp;rft.pub=Concordance+Society&amp;rft.date=1970&amp;rft.au=Solomon+Katz&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D5K2ODyaCIYQC&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+9"></span></span>

<a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jin–Song_Wars" id="mwGQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Jin–Song Wars">Jin–Song Wars</a>: Invading <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jurchen_people" id="mwGg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Jurchen people">Jurchen</a> soldiers from the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jin_dynasty_(1115–1234)" id="mwGw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Jin dynasty (1115–1234)">Jin dynasty</a> <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jingkang_Incident" id="mwHA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Jingkang Incident">besiege and sack</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaifeng" id="mwHQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Kaifeng">Bianjing</a> (Kaifeng), the capital of the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Song_dynasty" id="mwHg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Song dynasty">Song dynasty</a> of China, and abduct <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emperor_Qinzong_of_Song" id="mwHw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Emperor Qinzong of Song">Emperor Qinzong of Song</a> and others, ending the <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern_Song_dynasty" id="mwIA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Northern Song dynasty">Northern Song dynasty</a>.<sup about="#mwt20" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{"name":"Jung-pang2012"},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-Jung-pang2012-2"}}' id="cite_ref-Jung-pang2012_2-0" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_9#cite_note-Jung-pang2012-2" id="mwIQ" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 2;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwIg">[2]</span></a></sup>

The Jewish population of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basel" id="mwJg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Basel">Basel</a>, believed by the residents to be the cause of the ongoing <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Death" id="mwJw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Black Death">Black Death</a>, is <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basel_massacre" id="mwKA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Basel massacre">rounded up and incinerated</a>.<sup about="#mwt25" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-3"}}' id="cite_ref-3" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_9#cite_note-3" id="mwKQ" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 3;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwKg">[3]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-3"><cite about="#mwt22" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFAbraham_P._Bloch1987">Abraham P. Bloch (1987). <a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=mjxJAFawRasC&amp;pg=PA11" id="mwB7w" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwB70">One a Day: An Anthology of Jewish Historical Anniversaries for Every Day of the Year</i></a>. KTAV Publishing House, Inc. p.<span id="mwB74" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>11. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./ISBN_(identifier)" id="mwB78" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a><span id="mwB8A" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a href="./Special:BookSources/978-0-88125-108-1" id="mwB8E" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-88125-108-1"><bdi id="mwB8I">978-0-88125-108-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span about="#mwt22" class="Z3988" id="mwB8M" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=One+a+Day%3A+An+Anthology+of+Jewish+Historical+Anniversaries+for+Every+Day+of+the+Year&amp;rft.pages=11&amp;rft.pub=KTAV+Publishing+House%2C+Inc.&amp;rft.date=1987&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-88125-108-1&amp;rft.au=Abraham+P.+Bloch&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DmjxJAFawRasC%26pg%3DPA11&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+9"></span></span>

The <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trial_of_Joan_of_Arc" id="mwLg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Trial of Joan of Arc">trial of Joan of Arc</a> begins in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rouen" id="mwLw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Rouen">Rouen</a>.<sup about="#mwt30" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-4"}}' id="cite_ref-4" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_9#cite_note-4" id="mwMA" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 4;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwMQ">[4]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-4"><cite about="#mwt27" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFHobbins,_Daniel2005">Hobbins, Daniel (2005). <a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=egG7xswE2wcC&amp;pg=PA1" id="mwB8c" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwB8g">The Trial of Joan of Arc</i></a>. Harvard University Press. p.<span id="mwB8k" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>1. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./ISBN_(identifier)" id="mwB8o" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a><span id="mwB8s" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a href="./Special:BookSources/978-0-674-03868-4" id="mwB8w" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-674-03868-4"><bdi id="mwB80">978-0-674-03868-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span about="#mwt27" class="Z3988" id="mwB84" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Trial+of+Joan+of+Arc&amp;rft.pages=1&amp;rft.pub=Harvard+University+Press&amp;rft.date=2005&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-674-03868-4&amp;rft.au=Hobbins%2C+Daniel&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DegG7xswE2wcC%26pg%3DPA1&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+9"></span></span>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1693_Sicily_earthquake" id="mwNQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="1693 Sicily earthquake">Sicily earthquake</a>: The first of two earthquakes destroys parts of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sicily" id="mwNg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Sicily">Sicily</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malta" id="mwNw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Malta">Malta</a>. After the second quake on 11 January, the death toll is estimated at between 60,000 and 100,000 people.<sup about="#mwt38" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-5"}}' id="cite_ref-5" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_9#cite_note-5" id="mwOA" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 5;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwOQ">[5]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-5"><cite about="#mwt32" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFGatesRitchie2007">Gates, Alexander E.; Ritchie, David (2007). <a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=b1sXfJCiCHQC" id="mwB9I" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwB9M">Encyclopedia of Earthquakes and Volcanoes</i></a>. New York: Facts on File. p.<span id="mwB9Q" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>292. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./ISBN_(identifier)" id="mwB9U" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a><span id="mwB9Y" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a href="./Special:BookSources/9780816063024" id="mwB9c" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Special:BookSources/9780816063024"><bdi id="mwB9g">9780816063024</bdi></a></cite><span about="#mwt32" class="Z3988" id="mwB9k" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Earthquakes+and+Volcanoes&amp;rft.place=New+York&amp;rft.pages=292&amp;rft.pub=Facts+on+File&amp;rft.date=2007&amp;rft.isbn=9780816063024&amp;rft.aulast=Gates&amp;rft.aufirst=Alexander+E.&amp;rft.au=Ritchie%2C+David&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Db1sXfJCiCHQC&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+9"></span>; <link about="#mwt35" data-mw='{"name":"templatestyles","attrs":{"src":"Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"},"body":{"extsrc":""},"parts":[{"template":{"target":{"wt":"Cite web","href":"./Template:Cite_web"},"params":{"url":{"wt":"http://storing.ingv.it/cfti/cfti5/quake.php?01148IT"},"title":{"wt":"Catalogue of Strong Earthquakes in Italy (461 BC – 1997) and Mediterranean Area (760 B.C. – 1500)"},"last1":{"wt":"Guidoboni"},"first1":{"wt":"E."},"last2":{"wt":"Ferrari"},"first2":{"wt":"G."},"last3":{"wt":"Mariotti"},"first3":{"wt":"D."},"last4":{"wt":"Comastri"},"first4":{"wt":"A."},"last5":{"wt":"Tarabusi"},"first5":{"wt":"G."},"last6":{"wt":"Sgatoni"},"first6":{"wt":"G."},"last7":{"wt":"Valensise"},"first7":{"wt":"G."},"publisher":{"wt":"INGV-SGA"},"access-date":{"wt":"16 January 2020"}},"i":0}}]}' href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403" id="mwB9o" rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" typeof="mw:Extension/templatestyles mw:Transclusion"/><cite about="#mwt35" class="citation web cs1" id="CITEREFGuidoboniFerrariMariottiComastri">Guidoboni, E.; Ferrari, G.; Mariotti, D.; Comastri, A.; Tarabusi, G.; Sgatoni, G.; Valensise, G. <a class="external text" href="http://storing.ingv.it/cfti/cfti5/quake.php?01148IT" id="mwB9s" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">"Catalogue of Strong Earthquakes in Italy (461 BC – 1997) and Mediterranean Area (760 B.C. – 1500)"</a>. INGV-SGA<span class="reference-accessdate" id="mwB9w">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap" id="mwB90">16 January</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span about="#mwt35" class="Z3988" id="mwB94" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Catalogue+of+Strong+Earthquakes+in+Italy+%28461+BC+%E2%80%93+1997%29+and+Mediterranean+Area+%28760+B.C.+%E2%80%93+1500%29&amp;rft.pub=INGV-SGA&amp;rft.aulast=Guidoboni&amp;rft.aufirst=E.&amp;rft.au=Ferrari%2C+G.&amp;rft.au=Mariotti%2C+D.&amp;rft.au=Comastri%2C+A.&amp;rft.au=Tarabusi%2C+G.&amp;rft.au=Sgatoni%2C+G.&amp;rft.au=Valensise%2C+G.&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fstoring.ingv.it%2Fcfti%2Fcfti5%2Fquake.php%3F01148IT&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+9"></span><!--Note firstly that the link takes you to an index map, which can be interrogated for information about individual earthquakes and secondly that this source is occasionally unavailable for weeks at a time, but always comes back eventually--></span>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ahmad_Shah_Durrani" id="mwPw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Ahmad Shah Durrani">Ahmad Shah Durrani</a> defeats the <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maratha" id="mwQA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Maratha">Marathas</a> in the <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Campaign_of_Ahmad_Shah_Durrani" id="mwQQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Indian Campaign of Ahmad Shah Durrani">Battle of Barari Ghat</a>.<sup about="#mwt43" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-6"}}' id="cite_ref-6" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_9#cite_note-6" id="mwQg" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 6;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwQw">[6]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-6"><cite about="#mwt40" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFFrançois_Xavier_Wendel1991">François Xavier Wendel (1991). <a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=DB5uAAAAMAAJ" id="mwB-I" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwB-M">Wendel's memoirs on the origin, growth and present state of Jat power in Hindustan (1768)</i></a>. Institut français de Pondichéry. p.<span id="mwB-Q" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>61.</cite><span about="#mwt40" class="Z3988" id="mwB-U" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Wendel%27s+memoirs+on+the+origin%2C+growth+and+present+state+of+Jat+power+in+Hindustan+%281768%29&amp;rft.pages=61&amp;rft.pub=Institut+fran%C3%A7ais+de+Pondich%C3%A9ry&amp;rft.date=1991&amp;rft.au=Fran%C3%A7ois+Xavier+Wendel&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DDB5uAAAAMAAJ&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+9"></span></span>

The nationally known image of the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Nazarene" id="mwRw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Black Nazarene">Black Nazarene</a> in the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippines" id="mwSA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Philippines">Philippines</a> was transferred from what is now <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rizal_Park" id="mwSQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Rizal Park">Rizal Park</a> to its present shrine in the <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minor_basilica" id="mwSg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Minor basilica">minor basilica</a> of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quiapo_Church" id="mwSw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Quiapo Church">Quiapo Church</a>. This is annually commemorated through its <i id="mwTA">Traslación</i> (solemn transfer) in the streets of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manila" id="mwTQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Manila">Manila</a> and is attended by millions of devotees.<sup about="#mwt50" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-7"}}' id="cite_ref-7" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_9#cite_note-7" id="mwTg" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 7;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwTw">[7]</span></a></sup><sup about="#mwt54" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-8"}}' id="cite_ref-8" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_9#cite_note-8" id="mwUA" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 8;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwUQ">[8]</span></a></sup><sup about="#mwt59" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-9"}}' id="cite_ref-9" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_9#cite_note-9" id="mwUg" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 9;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwUw">[9]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-7"><cite about="#mwt47" class="citation web cs1" id="CITEREFValderama_Fortunado,_Arnulfo2015">Valderama Fortunado, Arnulfo (7 May 2015). <a class="external text" href="https://www.catholicsandcultures.org/philippines/feast-black-nazarene" id="mwB-k" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">"Feast of the Black Nazarene draws millions to Manila's streets"</a>. <i id="mwB-o">Catholics &amp; Cultures</i>. <a class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201130021234/https://www.catholicsandcultures.org/philippines/feast-black-nazarene" id="mwB-s" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">Archived</a> from the original on 30 November 2020<span class="reference-accessdate" id="mwB-w">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap" id="mwB-0">28 November</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span about="#mwt47" class="Z3988" id="mwB-4" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Catholics+%26+Cultures&amp;rft.atitle=Feast+of+the+Black+Nazarene+draws+millions+to+Manila%27s+streets&amp;rft.date=2015-05-07&amp;rft.au=Valderama+Fortunado%2C+Arnulfo&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.catholicsandcultures.org%2Fphilippines%2Ffeast-black-nazarene&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+9"></span></span>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Connecticut" id="mwVw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Connecticut">Connecticut</a> becomes the fifth state to ratify the <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Constitution" id="mwWA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="United States Constitution">United States Constitution</a>.<sup about="#mwt64" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-10"}}' id="cite_ref-10" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_9#cite_note-10" id="mwWQ" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 10;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwWg">[10]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-10"><cite about="#mwt61" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFMerrill_JensenLucy_Trumbull_BrownRobert_A._Becker1976">Merrill Jensen; Lucy Trumbull Brown; Robert A. Becker (1976). <a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=2TVe81_NvVwC&amp;pg=PA5" id="mwCAw" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwCA0">The Documentary History of the First Federal Elections, 1788-1790</i></a>. Univ of Wisconsin Press. p.<span id="mwCA4" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>5. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./ISBN_(identifier)" id="mwCA8" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a><span id="mwCBA" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a href="./Special:BookSources/978-0-299-09510-9" id="mwCBE" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-299-09510-9"><bdi id="mwCBI">978-0-299-09510-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span about="#mwt61" class="Z3988" id="mwCBM" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Documentary+History+of+the+First+Federal+Elections%2C+1788-1790&amp;rft.pages=5&amp;rft.pub=Univ+of+Wisconsin+Press&amp;rft.date=1976&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-299-09510-9&amp;rft.au=Merrill+Jensen&amp;rft.au=Lucy+Trumbull+Brown&amp;rft.au=Robert+A.+Becker&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D2TVe81_NvVwC%26pg%3DPA5&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+9"></span></span>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treaty_of_Jassy" id="mwXg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Treaty of Jassy">Treaty of Jassy</a> between <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_Empire" id="mwXw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Russian Empire">Russian</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" id="mwYA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a> is signed, ending the <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russo-Turkish_War,_1787-1792" id="mwYQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Russo-Turkish War, 1787-1792">Russo-Turkish War of 1787–92</a>.<sup about="#mwt69" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-11"}}' id="cite_ref-11" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_9#cite_note-11" id="mwYg" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 11;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwYw">[11]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-11"><cite about="#mwt66" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFHenry_Morse_Stephens1894">Henry Morse Stephens (1894). <a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ro0tAQAAMAAJ&amp;pg=PA96" id="mwCBc" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwCBg">Europe, 1789-1815</i></a>. Rivington. p.<span id="mwCBk" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>96.</cite><span about="#mwt66" class="Z3988" id="mwCBo" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Europe%2C+1789-1815&amp;rft.pages=96&amp;rft.pub=Rivington&amp;rft.date=1894&amp;rft.au=Henry+Morse+Stephens&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dro0tAQAAMAAJ%26pg%3DPA96&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+9"></span></span>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Pierre_Blanchard" id="mwZw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Jean-Pierre Blanchard">Jean-Pierre Blanchard</a> becomes the first person to fly in a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balloon" id="mwaA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Balloon">balloon</a> in the United States.<sup about="#mwt74" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-12"}}' id="cite_ref-12" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_9#cite_note-12" id="mwaQ" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 12;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwag">[12]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-12"><cite about="#mwt71" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFRobert_Sears1845">Robert Sears (1845). <a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=vyNRAAAAYAAJ&amp;pg=PA327" id="mwCB4" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwCB8">Sears' Guide to Knowledge</i></a>. Edward Walker. p.<span id="mwCCA" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>327.</cite><span about="#mwt71" class="Z3988" id="mwCCE" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Sears%27+Guide+to+Knowledge&amp;rft.pages=327&amp;rft.pub=Edward+Walker&amp;rft.date=1845&amp;rft.au=Robert+Sears&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DvyNRAAAAYAAJ%26pg%3DPA327&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+9"></span></span>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_United_Kingdom" id="mwbg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Prime Minister of the United Kingdom">British Prime Minister</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Pitt_the_Younger" id="mwbw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="William Pitt the Younger">William Pitt the Younger</a> introduces an <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Income_tax" id="mwcA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Income tax">income tax</a> of two <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shilling" id="mwcQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Shilling">shillings</a> to the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pound_sterling" id="mwcg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Pound sterling">pound</a> to raise funds for Great Britain's war effort in the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Napoleonic_Wars" id="mwcw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Napoleonic Wars">Napoleonic Wars</a>.<sup about="#mwt79" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-13"}}' id="cite_ref-13" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_9#cite_note-13" id="mwdA" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 13;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwdQ">[13]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-13"><cite about="#mwt76" class="citation book cs1" id="mwCCU"><a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=7o_yAAAAMAAJ" id="mwCCY" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwCCc">Burns Chronicle and Club Directory</i></a>. Burns Federation. 1991. p.<span id="mwCCg" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>50.</cite><span about="#mwt76" class="Z3988" id="mwCCk" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Burns+Chronicle+and+Club+Directory&amp;rft.pages=50&amp;rft.pub=Burns+Federation&amp;rft.date=1991&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D7o_yAAAAMAAJ&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+9"></span></span>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horatio_Nelson,_1st_Viscount_Nelson" id="mweQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Horatio Nelson, 1st Viscount Nelson">Admiral Horatio Lord Nelson</a> receives a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State_funeral" id="mweg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="State funeral">state funeral</a> and is interred in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St_Paul's_Cathedral" id="mwew" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="St Paul's Cathedral">St Paul's Cathedral</a>.<sup about="#mwt84" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-14"}}' id="cite_ref-14" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_9#cite_note-14" id="mwfA" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 14;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwfQ">[14]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-14"><cite about="#mwt81" class="citation web cs1" id="mwCC0"><a class="external text" href="https://www.thegazette.co.uk/all-notices/content/103467" id="mwCC4" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">"This month in history: The funeral of Lord Horatio Nelson"</a>. <i id="mwCC8">The Gazette</i>. The Stationery Office. 8 January 2020. <a class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201022131254/https://www.thegazette.co.uk/all-notices/content/103467" id="mwCDA" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">Archived</a> from the original on 22 October 2020<span class="reference-accessdate" id="mwCDE">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap" id="mwCDI">8 January</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span about="#mwt81" class="Z3988" id="mwCDM" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=The+Gazette&amp;rft.atitle=This+month+in+history%3A+The+funeral+of+Lord+Horatio+Nelson&amp;rft.date=2020-01-08&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thegazette.co.uk%2Fall-notices%2Fcontent%2F103467&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+9"></span></span>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humphry_Davy" id="mwgQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Humphry Davy">Humphry Davy</a> tests <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Davy_lamp" id="mwgg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Davy lamp">his safety lamp</a> for miners at <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hebburn_Colliery" id="mwgw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Hebburn Colliery">Hebburn Colliery</a>.<sup about="#mwt89" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-15"}}' id="cite_ref-15" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_9#cite_note-15" id="mwhA" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 15;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwhQ">[15]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-15"><cite about="#mwt86" class="citation book cs1" id="mwCDc"><a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=m1gZAAAAYAAJ&amp;pg=PA118" id="mwCDg" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwCDk">"Who and What", a Compendium of General Information</i></a>. Lippincott. 1878. p.<span id="mwCDo" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>118.</cite><span about="#mwt86" class="Z3988" id="mwCDs" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=%22Who+and+What%22%2C+a+Compendium+of+General+Information&amp;rft.pages=118&amp;rft.pub=Lippincott&amp;rft.date=1878&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dm1gZAAAAYAAJ%26pg%3DPA118&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+9"></span></span>

The Portuguese prince <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pedro_I_of_Brazil" id="mwiQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Pedro I of Brazil">Pedro I of Brazil</a> decides to stay in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brazil" id="mwig" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Brazil">Brazil</a> against the orders of the Portuguese King <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_VI_of_Portugal" id="mwiw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="John VI of Portugal">João VI</a>, beginning the Brazilian independence process.<sup about="#mwt94" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-16"}}' id="cite_ref-16" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_9#cite_note-16" id="mwjA" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 16;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwjQ">[16]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-16"><cite about="#mwt91" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFJoaquim_Manuel_de_Macedo1873">Joaquim Manuel de Macedo (1873). <a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=KCEuAAAAYAAJ&amp;pg=PA21" id="mwCD8" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwCEA">Notions on the Chorography of Brazil</i></a>. F. A. Brockhaus. p.<span id="mwCEE" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>21.</cite><span about="#mwt91" class="Z3988" id="mwCEI" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Notions+on+the+Chorography+of+Brazil&amp;rft.pages=21&amp;rft.pub=F.+A.+Brockhaus&amp;rft.date=1873&amp;rft.au=Joaquim+Manuel+de+Macedo&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DKCEuAAAAYAAJ%26pg%3DPA21&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+9"></span></span>

The <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_Academy_of_Sciences" id="mwkQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="French Academy of Sciences">French Academy of Sciences</a> announces the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daguerreotype" id="mwkg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Daguerreotype">Daguerreotype</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photography" id="mwkw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Photography">photography</a> process.<sup about="#mwt99" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-17"}}' id="cite_ref-17" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_9#cite_note-17" id="mwlA" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 17;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwlQ">[17]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-17"><cite about="#mwt96" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFLeonard_Gaunt1969">Leonard Gaunt (1969). <a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ouxTAAAAMAAJ" id="mwCEY" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwCEc">The Focal Encyclopedia of Photography</i></a>. Focal Press. p.<span id="mwCEg" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>375. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./ISBN_(identifier)" id="mwCEk" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a><span id="mwCEo" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a href="./Special:BookSources/9780803823327" id="mwCEs" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Special:BookSources/9780803823327"><bdi id="mwCEw">9780803823327</bdi></a>.</cite><span about="#mwt96" class="Z3988" id="mwCE0" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Focal+Encyclopedia+of+Photography&amp;rft.pages=375&amp;rft.pub=Focal+Press&amp;rft.date=1969&amp;rft.isbn=9780803823327&amp;rft.au=Leonard+Gaunt&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DouxTAAAAMAAJ&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+9"></span></span>

The 7.9 <span about="#mwt101" data-mw='{"parts":[{"template":{"target":{"wt":"M","href":"./Template:M"},"params":{"1":{"wt":"w"}},"i":0}}]}' id="mwmQ" typeof="mw:Transclusion">M</span><sub about="#mwt101">w</sub><span about="#mwt101" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><link about="#mwt101" href="./Category:Articles_using_Mw_magnitude_scale" id="mwmg" rel="mw:PageProp/Category"/> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1857_Fort_Tejon_earthquake" id="mwmw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="1857 Fort Tejon earthquake">Fort Tejon earthquake</a> shakes <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_California" id="mwnA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Central California">Central</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_California" id="mwnQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Southern California">Southern California</a> with a maximum <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercalli_intensity_scale" id="mwng" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Mercalli intensity scale">Mercalli intensity</a> of IX (<i id="mwnw">Violent</i>).<sup about="#mwt105" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-18"}}' id="cite_ref-18" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_9#cite_note-18" id="mwoA" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 18;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwoQ">[18]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-18"><cite about="#mwt102" class="citation news cs1" id="CITEREFHough2007">Hough, Susan E. (7 January 2007). <a class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2007-jan-07-tm-quake01-story.html" id="mwCFE" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">"The Really Big One"</a>. <i id="mwCFI">Los Angeles Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate" id="mwCFM">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap" id="mwCFQ">8 January</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span about="#mwt102" class="Z3988" id="mwCFU" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&amp;rft.atitle=The+Really+Big+One&amp;rft.date=2007-01-07&amp;rft.aulast=Hough&amp;rft.aufirst=Susan+E.&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-2007-jan-07-tm-quake01-story.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+9"></span></span>

British forces finally defeat <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revolt_of_Rajab_Ali#Defeat" id="mwpQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Revolt of Rajab Ali">Rajab Ali Khan</a> of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chittagong" id="mwpg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Chittagong">Chittagong</a><sup about="#mwt110" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{"name":"sen"},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-sen-19"}}' id="cite_ref-sen_19-0" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_9#cite_note-sen-19" id="mwpw" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 19;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwqA">[19]</span></a></sup>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Civil_War" id="mwrA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="American Civil War">American Civil War</a>: "<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Star_of_the_West" id="mwrQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Star of the West">Star of the West</a>" incident occurs near <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charleston,_South_Carolina" id="mwrg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Charleston, South Carolina">Charleston, South Carolina</a>.<sup about="#mwt115" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-20"}}' id="cite_ref-20" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_9#cite_note-20" id="mwrw" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 20;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwsA">[20]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-20"><cite about="#mwt112" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFWilliam_H._Roberts2004">William H. Roberts (1 January 2004). <a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ZwJDUQepcHYC&amp;pg=PA1" id="mwCGM" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwCGQ">Now for the Contest: Coastal and Oceanic Naval Operations in the Civil War</i></a>. U of Nebraska Press. p.<span id="mwCGU" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>1. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./ISBN_(identifier)" id="mwCGY" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a><span id="mwCGc" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a href="./Special:BookSources/0-8032-3861-4" id="mwCGg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Special:BookSources/0-8032-3861-4"><bdi id="mwCGk">0-8032-3861-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span about="#mwt112" class="Z3988" id="mwCGo" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Now+for+the+Contest%3A+Coastal+and+Oceanic+Naval+Operations+in+the+Civil+War&amp;rft.pages=1&amp;rft.pub=U+of+Nebraska+Press&amp;rft.date=2004-01-01&amp;rft.isbn=0-8032-3861-4&amp;rft.au=William+H.+Roberts&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DZwJDUQepcHYC%26pg%3DPA1&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+9"></span></span>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mississippi" id="mwsw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Mississippi">Mississippi</a> becomes the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mississippi_in_the_American_Civil_War#Secession_and_Mississippian_politics" id="mwtA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Mississippi in the American Civil War">second state to secede</a> from the <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Union_(United_States)" id="mwtQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Union (United States)">Union</a> before the outbreak of the American Civil War.<sup about="#mwt120" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-21"}}' id="cite_ref-21" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_9#cite_note-21" id="mwtg" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 21;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwtw">[21]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-21"><cite about="#mwt117" class="citation book cs1" id="mwCG4"><a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=qmR-XMRfa4AC&amp;pg=PA291" id="mwCG8" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwCHA">Leadership Education and Training (LET) 4: Text</i></a>. Headquarters, Department of the Army. 2001. p.<span id="mwCHE" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>291.</cite><span about="#mwt117" class="Z3988" id="mwCHI" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Leadership+Education+and+Training+%28LET%29+4%3A+Text&amp;rft.pages=291&amp;rft.pub=Headquarters%2C+Department+of+the+Army&amp;rft.date=2001&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DqmR-XMRfa4AC%26pg%3DPA291&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+9"></span></span>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umberto_I_of_Italy" id="mwuw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Umberto I of Italy">Umberto I</a> becomes King of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy" id="mwvA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Kingdom of Italy">Italy</a>.<sup about="#mwt125" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-22"}}' id="cite_ref-22" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_9#cite_note-22" id="mwvQ" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 22;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwvg">[22]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-22"><cite about="#mwt122" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFFanny_Zampini-Salazar1914">Fanny Zampini-Salazar (1914). <a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Agw8KIT70swC" id="mwCHY" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwCHc">Margherita of Savoy, First Queen of Italy: Her Life and Times</i></a>. Mills and Boon. p.<span id="mwCHg" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>73.</cite><span about="#mwt122" class="Z3988" id="mwCHk" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Margherita+of+Savoy%2C+First+Queen+of+Italy%3A+Her+Life+and+Times&amp;rft.pages=73&amp;rft.pub=Mills+and+Boon&amp;rft.date=1914&amp;rft.au=Fanny+Zampini-Salazar&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DAgw8KIT70swC&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+9"></span></span>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hallam_Tennyson,_2nd_Baron_Tennyson" id="mwxA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Hallam Tennyson, 2nd Baron Tennyson">Hallam Tennyson, 2nd Baron Tennyson</a>, son of the poet <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred,_Lord_Tennyson" id="mwxQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Alfred, Lord Tennyson">Alfred Tennyson</a>, becomes the second <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Governor-General_of_Australia" id="mwxg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Governor-General of Australia">Governor-General of Australia</a>.<sup about="#mwt130" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-23"}}' id="cite_ref-23" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_9#cite_note-23" id="mwxw" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 23;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwyA">[23]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-23"><cite about="#mwt127" class="citation book cs1" id="mwCH0"><a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ML1RzBCtiBoC&amp;pg=PA68" id="mwCH4" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwCH8">Official Year Book of the Commonwealth of Australia No. 36 - 1944 and 1945</i></a>. Aust. Bureau of Statistics. p.<span id="mwCIA" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>68.</cite><span about="#mwt127" class="Z3988" id="mwCIE" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Official+Year+Book+of+the+Commonwealth+of+Australia+No.+36+-+1944+and+1945&amp;rft.pages=68&amp;rft.pub=Aust.+Bureau+of+Statistics&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DML1RzBCtiBoC%26pg%3DPA68&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+9"></span></span>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernest_Shackleton" id="mwzA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Ernest Shackleton">Ernest Shackleton</a>, leading the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nimrod_Expedition" id="mwzQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Nimrod Expedition">Nimrod Expedition</a> to the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Pole" id="mwzg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="South Pole">South Pole</a>, plants the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom" id="mwzw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Flag of the United Kingdom">British flag</a> <span about="#mwt131" data-mw='{"parts":[{"template":{"target":{"wt":"convert","href":"./Template:Convert"},"params":{"1":{"wt":"97"},"2":{"wt":"nmi"},"3":{"wt":"km mi"}},"i":0}}]}' id="mw0A" typeof="mw:Transclusion">97 nautical miles (180</span><span about="#mwt131" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><span about="#mwt131">km; 112</span><span about="#mwt131" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><span about="#mwt131">mi)</span> from the South Pole, the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Farthest_South" id="mw0Q" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Farthest South">farthest anyone had ever reached</a> at that time.

The <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phi_Beta_Sigma" id="mw1Q" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Phi Beta Sigma">Phi Beta Sigma</a> fraternity is founded by African-American students at <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Howard_University" id="mw1g" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Howard University">Howard University</a> in Washington D.C., United States.<sup about="#mwt136" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-24"}}' id="cite_ref-24" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_9#cite_note-24" id="mw1w" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 24;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mw2A">[24]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-24"><cite about="#mwt133" class="citation book cs1" id="mwCIU"><a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=IOWx7OGLGy8C" id="mwCIY" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwCIc">Bruin Life</i></a>. ASUCLA Communications Board. 1990. p.<span id="mwCIg" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>289.</cite><span about="#mwt133" class="Z3988" id="mwCIk" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Bruin+Life&amp;rft.pages=289&amp;rft.pub=ASUCLA+Communications+Board&amp;rft.date=1990&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DIOWx7OGLGy8C&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+9"></span></span>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_War_I" id="mw3A" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="World War I">World War I</a>: The <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gallipoli_Campaign" id="mw3Q" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Gallipoli Campaign">Battle of Gallipoli</a> concludes with an Ottoman Empire victory when the last Allied forces are evacuated from the peninsula.<sup about="#mwt141" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-25"}}' id="cite_ref-25" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_9#cite_note-25" id="mw3g" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 25;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mw3w">[25]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-25"><cite about="#mwt138" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFRay_Westlake1996">Ray Westlake (1 June 1996). <a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=gN_RAwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PR10" id="mwCI0" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwCI4">British Regiments at Gallipoli</i></a>. Pen and Sword. p.<span id="mwCI8" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>10. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./ISBN_(identifier)" id="mwCJA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a><span id="mwCJE" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a href="./Special:BookSources/978-0-85052-511-3" id="mwCJI" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-85052-511-3"><bdi id="mwCJM">978-0-85052-511-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span about="#mwt138" class="Z3988" id="mwCJQ" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=British+Regiments+at+Gallipoli&amp;rft.pages=10&amp;rft.pub=Pen+and+Sword&amp;rft.date=1996-06-01&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-85052-511-3&amp;rft.au=Ray+Westlake&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DgN_RAwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPR10&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+9"></span></span>

World War I: The <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Rafa" id="mw4w" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Battle of Rafa">Battle of Rafa</a> is fought near the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egypt" id="mw5A" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Egypt">Egyptian</a> border with <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Palestine#Ottoman_period" id="mw5Q" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="History of Palestine">Palestine</a>.<sup about="#mwt146" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-26"}}' id="cite_ref-26" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_9#cite_note-26" id="mw5g" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 26;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mw5w">[26]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-26"><cite about="#mwt143" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFEdward_J_Erickson2012">Edward J Erickson (15 March 2012). <a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=uA2JDgAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA166" id="mwCJg" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwCJk">Gallipoli &amp; the Middle East: The History of World War I: From the Dardanelles to Mesopotamia</i></a>. Amber Books Ltd. p.<span id="mwCJo" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>166. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./ISBN_(identifier)" id="mwCJs" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a><span id="mwCJw" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a href="./Special:BookSources/978-1-906626-15-0" id="mwCJ0" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-906626-15-0"><bdi id="mwCJ4">978-1-906626-15-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span about="#mwt143" class="Z3988" id="mwCJ8" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Gallipoli+%26+the+Middle+East%3A+The+History+of+World+War+I%3A+From+the+Dardanelles+to+Mesopotamia&amp;rft.pages=166&amp;rft.pub=Amber+Books+Ltd&amp;rft.date=2012-03-15&amp;rft.isbn=978-1-906626-15-0&amp;rft.au=Edward+J+Erickson&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DuA2JDgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA166&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+9"></span></span>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Bear_Valley" id="mw6w" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Battle of Bear Valley">Battle of Bear Valley</a>: The last battle of the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Indian_Wars" id="mw7A" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="American Indian Wars">American Indian Wars</a>.<sup about="#mwt151" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-27"}}' id="cite_ref-27" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_9#cite_note-27" id="mw7Q" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 27;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mw7g">[27]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-27"><cite about="#mwt148" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFGeorge_H._Junne2000">George H. Junne (2000). <a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=J42lN1FX0x8C&amp;pg=PA82" id="mwCKM" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwCKQ">Blacks in the American West and Beyond--America, Canada, and Mexico: A Selectively Annotated Bibliography</i></a>. Greenwood Publishing Group. p.<span id="mwCKU" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>82. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./ISBN_(identifier)" id="mwCKY" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a><span id="mwCKc" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a href="./Special:BookSources/978-0-313-31208-3" id="mwCKg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-313-31208-3"><bdi id="mwCKk">978-0-313-31208-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span about="#mwt148" class="Z3988" id="mwCKo" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Blacks+in+the+American+West+and+Beyond--America%2C+Canada%2C+and+Mexico%3A+A+Selectively+Annotated+Bibliography&amp;rft.pages=82&amp;rft.pub=Greenwood+Publishing+Group&amp;rft.date=2000&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-313-31208-3&amp;rft.au=George+H.+Junne&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DJ42lN1FX0x8C%26pg%3DPA82&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+9"></span></span>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrainian_War_of_Independence" id="mw8g" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Ukrainian War of Independence">Ukrainian War of Independence</a>: The <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/All-Ukrainian_Central_Executive_Committee" id="mw8w" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="All-Ukrainian Central Executive Committee">All-Ukrainian Central Executive Committee</a> outlaws the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makhnovshchina" id="mw9A" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Makhnovshchina">Makhnovshchina</a> by decree, igniting the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bolshevik–Makhnovist_conflict" id="mw9Q" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Bolshevik–Makhnovist conflict">Bolshevik–Makhnovist conflict</a>.<sup about="#mwt156" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-28"}}' id="cite_ref-28" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_9#cite_note-28" id="mw9g" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 28;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mw9w">[28]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-28"><cite about="#mwt153" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFDarch2020">Darch, Colin (2020). <i id="mwCK4">Nestor Makhno and Rural Anarchism in Ukraine, 1917-1921</i>. <a href="./London" id="mwCK8" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="London">London</a>: <a href="./Pluto_Press" id="mwCLA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Pluto Press">Pluto Press</a>. p.<span id="mwCLE" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>94. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./ISBN_(identifier)" id="mwCLI" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a><span id="mwCLM" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a href="./Special:BookSources/9781786805263" id="mwCLQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Special:BookSources/9781786805263"><bdi id="mwCLU">9781786805263</bdi></a>. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./OCLC_(identifier)" id="mwCLY" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a><span id="mwCLc" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1225942343" id="mwCLg" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">1225942343</a>.</cite><span about="#mwt153" class="Z3988" id="mwCLk" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Nestor+Makhno+and+Rural+Anarchism+in+Ukraine%2C+1917-1921&amp;rft.place=London&amp;rft.pages=94&amp;rft.pub=Pluto+Press&amp;rft.date=2020&amp;rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1225942343&amp;rft.isbn=9781786805263&amp;rft.aulast=Darch&amp;rft.aufirst=Colin&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+9"></span></span>

<a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greco-Turkish_War_(1919–22)" id="mw-w" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Greco-Turkish War (1919–22)">Greco-Turkish War</a>: The <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Battle_of_İnönü" id="mw_A" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="First Battle of İnönü">First Battle of İnönü</a>, the first battle of the war, begins near <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eskişehir" id="mw_Q" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Eskişehir">Eskişehir</a> in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatolia" id="mw_g" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Anatolia">Anatolia</a>.<sup about="#mwt161" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-29"}}' id="cite_ref-29" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_9#cite_note-29" id="mw_w" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 29;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwAQA">[29]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-29"><cite about="#mwt158" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFPhilip_Paneth1943">Philip Paneth (1943). <a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=GD5CAAAAIAAJ" id="mwCL0" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwCL4">Turkey--decadence and Rebirth</i></a>. Alliance Press Limited. p.<span id="mwCL8" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>146.</cite><span about="#mwt158" class="Z3988" id="mwCMA" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Turkey--decadence+and+Rebirth&amp;rft.pages=146&amp;rft.pub=Alliance+Press+Limited&amp;rft.date=1943&amp;rft.au=Philip+Paneth&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DGD5CAAAAIAAJ&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+9"></span></span>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juan_de_la_Cierva" id="mwAQQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Juan de la Cierva">Juan de la Cierva</a> makes the first <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autogyro" id="mwAQU" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Autogyro">autogyro</a> flight.<sup about="#mwt166" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-30"}}' id="cite_ref-30" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_9#cite_note-30" id="mwAQY" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 30;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwAQc">[30]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-30"><cite about="#mwt163" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFNorris_McWhirter1985">Norris McWhirter (April 1985). <span class="id-lock-registration" id="mwCMQ" title="Free registration required"><a class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/guinness1985book00mcwh" id="mwCMU" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwCMY">Guinness Book of World Records, 1985</i></a></span>. Bantam Books. p.<span id="mwCMc" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/guinness1985book00mcwh/page/319" id="mwCMg" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">319</a>. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./ISBN_(identifier)" id="mwCMk" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a><span id="mwCMo" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a href="./Special:BookSources/978-0-553-24805-0" id="mwCMs" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-553-24805-0"><bdi id="mwCMw">978-0-553-24805-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span about="#mwt163" class="Z3988" id="mwCM0" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Guinness+Book+of+World+Records%2C+1985&amp;rft.pages=319&amp;rft.pub=Bantam+Books&amp;rft.date=1985-04&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-553-24805-0&amp;rft.au=Norris+McWhirter&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fguinness1985book00mcwh&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+9"></span></span>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithuanians" id="mwAQo" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Lithuanians">Lithuanian</a> residents of the <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memel_Territory" id="mwAQs" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Memel Territory">Memel Territory</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klaipėda_Revolt" id="mwAQw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Klaipėda Revolt">rebel</a> against the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/League_of_Nations" id="mwAQ0" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="League of Nations">League of Nations</a>' decision to leave the area as a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/League_of_Nations_mandate" id="mwAQ4" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="League of Nations mandate">mandated region</a> under French control.

A fire at the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laurier_Palace_Theatre_fire" id="mwARI" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Laurier Palace Theatre fire">Laurier Palace movie theatre</a> in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montreal" id="mwARM" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Montreal">Montreal, Quebec, Canada</a>, kills 78 children.<sup about="#mwt171" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-31"}}' id="cite_ref-31" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_9#cite_note-31" id="mwARQ" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 31;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwARU">[31]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-31"><cite about="#mwt168" class="citation book cs1" id="mwCNE"><a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=GgHiAAAAMAAJ" id="mwCNI" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwCNM">Historical Studies</i></a>. Éditions Historia Ecclesiae Catholicae Canadensis. 1995. p.<span id="mwCNQ" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>53.</cite><span about="#mwt168" class="Z3988" id="mwCNU" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Historical+Studies&amp;rft.pages=53&amp;rft.pub=%C3%89ditions+Historia+Ecclesiae+Catholicae+Canadensis&amp;rft.date=1995&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DGgHiAAAAMAAJ&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+9"></span></span>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_War_II" id="mwARk" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="World War II">World War II</a>: First flight of the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avro_Lancaster" id="mwARo" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Avro Lancaster">Avro Lancaster</a>.<sup about="#mwt176" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-32"}}' id="cite_ref-32" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_9#cite_note-32" id="mwARs" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 32;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwARw">[32]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-32"><cite about="#mwt173" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFA._G._Sherwood2005">A. G. Sherwood (2005). <a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=xFKLu7fO0C0C&amp;pg=PA40" id="mwCNk" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwCNo">Flying 40 Missions with Red: Memoirs of WW II</i></a>. Durango Publishing Corp. p.<span id="mwCNs" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>40. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./ISBN_(identifier)" id="mwCNw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a><span id="mwCN0" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a href="./Special:BookSources/978-1-55422-777-8" id="mwCN4" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-55422-777-8"><bdi id="mwCN8">978-1-55422-777-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span about="#mwt173" class="Z3988" id="mwCOA" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Flying+40+Missions+with+Red%3A+Memoirs+of+WW+II&amp;rft.pages=40&amp;rft.pub=Durango+Publishing+Corp.&amp;rft.date=2005&amp;rft.isbn=978-1-55422-777-8&amp;rft.au=A.+G.+Sherwood&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DxFKLu7fO0C0C%26pg%3DPA40&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+9"></span></span>

World War II: The <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sixth_United_States_Army" id="mwASA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Sixth United States Army">Sixth United States Army</a> begins the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Invasion_of_Lingayen_Gulf" id="mwASE" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Invasion of Lingayen Gulf">invasion of Lingayen Gulf</a>.<sup about="#mwt181" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-33"}}' id="cite_ref-33" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_9#cite_note-33" id="mwASI" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 33;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwASM">[33]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-33"><cite about="#mwt178" class="citation book cs1" id="mwCOQ"><a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=f1YhAQAAIAAJ" id="mwCOU" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwCOY">Australia in the War of 1939-1945<span id="mwCOc" typeof="mw:DisplaySpace"> </span>: Ser. 5. Medical</i></a>. Australian War Memorial. 1961. p.<span id="mwCOg" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>75.</cite><span about="#mwt178" class="Z3988" id="mwCOk" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Australia+in+the+War+of+1939-1945+%3A+Ser.+5.+Medical&amp;rft.pages=75&amp;rft.pub=Australian+War+Memorial&amp;rft.date=1961&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Df1YhAQAAIAAJ&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+9"></span></span>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_United_Kingdom" id="mwASc" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Prime Minister of the United Kingdom">British Prime Minister</a> Sir <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthony_Eden" id="mwASg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Anthony Eden">Anthony Eden</a> resigns from office following his failure to <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suez_Crisis" id="mwASk" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Suez Crisis">retake</a> the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suez_Canal" id="mwASo" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Suez Canal">Suez Canal</a> from Egyptian sovereignty.<sup about="#mwt186" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-34"}}' id="cite_ref-34" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_9#cite_note-34" id="mwASs" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 34;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwASw">[34]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-34"><cite about="#mwt183" class="citation news cs1" id="mwCO0"><a class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/january/9/newsid_2800000/2800833.stm" id="mwCO4" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">"1957: Sir Anthony Eden resigns"</a>. <i id="mwCO8">BBC News</i>. BBC. <a class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080112121017/http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/january/9/newsid_2800000/2800833.stm" id="mwCPA" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">Archived</a> from the original on 12 January 2008<span class="reference-accessdate" id="mwCPE">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap" id="mwCPI">8 January</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span about="#mwt183" class="Z3988" id="mwCPM" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=BBC+News&amp;rft.atitle=1957%3A+Sir+Anthony+Eden+resigns&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2Fonthisday%2Fhi%2Fdates%2Fstories%2Fjanuary%2F9%2Fnewsid_2800000%2F2800833.stm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+9"></span></span>

The <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vega_de_Tera_disaster" id="mwATA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Vega de Tera disaster">Vega de Tera dam fails</a>, triggering a disastrous flood that nearly destroys the town of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ribadelago" id="mwATE" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Ribadelago">Ribadelago</a> and kills 144 residents.<sup about="#mwt191" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-35"}}' id="cite_ref-35" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_9#cite_note-35" id="mwATI" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 35;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwATM">[35]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-35"><cite about="#mwt188" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" id="CITEREFLera1999">Lera, José (10 January 1999). <a class="external text" href="https://elpais.com/diario/1999/01/10/espana/915922818_850215.html" id="mwCPc" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">"40 años de la tragedia de Ribadelago, en la que murieron 144 personas"</a>. <i id="mwCPg"><a href="./El_País" id="mwCPk" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="El País">El País</a></i> (in Spanish). Zamora: <a href="./PRISA" id="mwCPo" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="PRISA">PRISA</a>. <a class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180913002459/https://elpais.com/diario/1999/01/10/espana/915922818_850215.html" id="mwCPs" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">Archived</a> from the original on 13 September 2018<span class="reference-accessdate" id="mwCPw">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap" id="mwCP0">12 September</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span about="#mwt188" class="Z3988" id="mwCP4" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=El+Pa%C3%ADs&amp;rft.atitle=40+a%C3%B1os+de+la+tragedia+de+Ribadelago%2C+en+la+que+murieron+144+personas&amp;rft.date=1999-01-10&amp;rft.aulast=Lera&amp;rft.aufirst=Jos%C3%A9&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Felpais.com%2Fdiario%2F1999%2F01%2F10%2Fespana%2F915922818_850215.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+9"></span><link about="#mwt188" href="./Category:CS1_Spanish-language_sources_(es)" id="mwCP8" rel="mw:PageProp/Category"/></span>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/President_of_Egypt" id="mwATc" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="President of Egypt">President of Egypt</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamal_Abdel_Nasser" id="mwATg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Gamal Abdel Nasser">Gamal Abdel Nasser</a> opens construction on the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aswan_Dam" id="mwATk" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Aswan Dam">Aswan Dam</a> by detonating ten tons of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamite" id="mwATo" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Dynamite">dynamite</a> to demolish twenty tons of granite on the east bank of the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nile" id="mwATs" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Nile">Nile</a>.<sup about="#mwt196" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-36"}}' id="cite_ref-36" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_9#cite_note-36" id="mwATw" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 36;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwAT0">[36]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-36"><cite about="#mwt193" class="citation book cs1" id="mwCQM"><a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=R7EMAQAAMAAJ" id="mwCQQ" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwCQU">The Mizan Newsletter</i></a>. Central Asian Research Centre. 1961. p.<span id="mwCQY" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>14.</cite><span about="#mwt193" class="Z3988" id="mwCQc" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Mizan+Newsletter&amp;rft.pages=14&amp;rft.pub=Central+Asian+Research+Centre&amp;rft.date=1961&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DR7EMAQAAMAAJ&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+9"></span></span>

British authorities announce they have uncovered the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soviet_Union" id="mwAUE" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Soviet Union">Soviet</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portland_Spy_Ring" id="mwAUI" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Portland Spy Ring">Portland Spy Ring</a> in London.

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apollo_program" id="mwAUY" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Apollo program">Apollo program</a>: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NASA" id="mwAUc" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="NASA">NASA</a> announces plans to build the C-5 rocket <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Launch_vehicle" id="mwAUg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Launch vehicle">launch vehicle</a>, then known as the "Advanced <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saturn_V" id="mwAUk" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Saturn V">Saturn</a>", to carry human beings to the Moon.<sup about="#mwt204" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-37"}}' id="cite_ref-37" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_9#cite_note-37" id="mwAUo" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 37;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwAUs">[37]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-37"><cite about="#mwt198" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFErtelBrooks1969">Ertel, Ivan D.; Brooks, Mary Louise (1969). <a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=rUMCAAAAIAAJ" id="mwCQs" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwCQw">The Apollo Spacecraft: A Chronology. Volume 1: Through November 7, 1962</i></a>. Washington, D.C.: National Aeronautices and Space Administration. pp.<span id="mwCQ0" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>134–135. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./OCLC_(identifier)" id="mwCQ4" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a><span id="mwCQ8" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/23818" id="mwCRA" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">23818</a></cite><span about="#mwt198" class="Z3988" id="mwCRE" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Apollo+Spacecraft%3A+A+Chronology.+Volume+1%3A+Through+November+7%2C+1962&amp;rft.place=Washington%2C+D.C.&amp;rft.pages=134-135&amp;rft.pub=National+Aeronautices+and+Space+Administration&amp;rft.date=1969&amp;rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F23818&amp;rft.aulast=Ertel&amp;rft.aufirst=Ivan+D.&amp;rft.au=Brooks%2C+Mary+Louise&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DrUMCAAAAIAAJ&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+9"></span>; <link about="#mwt201" data-mw='{"name":"templatestyles","attrs":{"src":"Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"},"body":{"extsrc":""},"parts":[{"template":{"target":{"wt":"cite news","href":"./Template:Cite_news"},"params":{"title":{"wt":"27-Story Moon Rocket Chosen"},"newspaper":{"wt":"The Washington Post"},"date":{"wt":"January 10, 1962"},"page":{"wt":"A11"}},"i":0}}]}' href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403" id="mwCRI" rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" typeof="mw:Extension/templatestyles mw:Transclusion"/><cite about="#mwt201" class="citation news cs1" id="mwCRM">"27-Story Moon Rocket Chosen". <i id="mwCRQ">The Washington Post</i>. January 10, 1962. p.<span id="mwCRU" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>A11.</cite><span about="#mwt201" class="Z3988" id="mwCRY" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&amp;rft.atitle=27-Story+Moon+Rocket+Chosen&amp;rft.pages=A11&amp;rft.date=1962-01-10&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+9"></span></span>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martyrs'_Day_(Panama)" id="mwAU8" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Martyrs' Day (Panama)">Martyrs' Day</a>: Several <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" id="mwAVA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Panama">Panamanian</a> youths try to raise the Panamanian flag in the U.S.-controlled <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama_Canal_Zone" id="mwAVE" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Panama Canal Zone">Panama Canal Zone</a>, leading to fighting between U.S. military and Panamanian civilians.

Representatives from the United States and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iraq" id="mwAVU" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Iraq">Iraq</a> meet at the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geneva_Peace_Conference_(1991)" id="mwAVY" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Geneva Peace Conference (1991)">Geneva Peace Conference</a> to try to find a peaceful resolution to the Iraqi <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Invasion_of_Kuwait" id="mwAVc" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Invasion of Kuwait">invasion of Kuwait</a>.<sup about="#mwt209" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-38"}}' id="cite_ref-38" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_9#cite_note-38" id="mwAVg" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 38;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwAVk">[38]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-38"><cite about="#mwt206" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFBhim_Singh2001">Bhim Singh (2001). <a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=uCsz_CwoxCoC&amp;pg=PA41" id="mwCRo" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwCRs">Iraq: A Heroic Resistance</i></a>. Har-Anand Publications. p.<span id="mwCRw" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>41. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./ISBN_(identifier)" id="mwCR0" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a><span id="mwCR4" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a href="./Special:BookSources/978-81-241-0833-8" id="mwCR8" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-241-0833-8"><bdi id="mwCSA">978-81-241-0833-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span about="#mwt206" class="Z3988" id="mwCSE" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Iraq%3A+A+Heroic+Resistance&amp;rft.pages=41&amp;rft.pub=Har-Anand+Publications&amp;rft.date=2001&amp;rft.isbn=978-81-241-0833-8&amp;rft.au=Bhim+Singh&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DuCsz_CwoxCoC%26pg%3DPA41&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+9"></span></span>

The <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assembly_of_the_Serb_People_in_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" id="mwAV0" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Assembly of the Serb People in Bosnia and Herzegovina">Assembly of the Serb People in Bosnia and Herzegovina</a> proclaims the creation of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republika_Srpska" id="mwAV4" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Republika Srpska">Republika Srpska</a>, a new state within <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yugoslavia" id="mwAV8" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Yugoslavia">Yugoslavia</a>.

The first discoveries of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exoplanet" id="mwAWI" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Exoplanet">extrasolar planets</a> are announced by astronomers <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aleksander_Wolszczan" id="mwAWM" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Aleksander Wolszczan">Aleksander Wolszczan</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dale_Frail" id="mwAWQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Dale Frail">Dale Frail</a>. They discovered two planets orbiting the pulsar <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PSR_B1257+12" id="mwAWU" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="PSR B1257+12">PSR 1257+12</a>.<sup about="#mwt214" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-39"}}' id="cite_ref-39" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_9#cite_note-39" id="mwAWY" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 39;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwAWc">[39]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-39"><cite about="#mwt211" class="citation journal cs1" id="CITEREFWolszczanFrail1992">Wolszczan, A.; Frail, D. A. (1992). "A planetary system around the millisecond pulsar PSR1257 + 12". <i id="mwCSU">Nature</i>. <b id="mwCSY">355</b> (6356): 145–147. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./Bibcode_(identifier)" id="mwCSc" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1992Natur.355..145W" id="mwCSg" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">1992Natur.355..145W</a>. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./Doi_(identifier)" id="mwCSk" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2F355145a0" id="mwCSo" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">10.1038/355145a0</a>. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./S2CID_(identifier)" id="mwCSs" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a><span id="mwCSw" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:4260368" id="mwCS0" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">4260368</a>.</cite><span about="#mwt211" class="Z3988" id="mwCS4" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Nature&amp;rft.atitle=A+planetary+system+around+the+millisecond+pulsar+PSR1257+%2B+12&amp;rft.volume=355&amp;rft.issue=6356&amp;rft.pages=145-147&amp;rft.date=1992&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A4260368%23id-name%3DS2CID&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2F355145a0&amp;rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1992Natur.355..145W&amp;rft.aulast=Wolszczan&amp;rft.aufirst=A.&amp;rft.au=Frail%2C+D.+A.&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+9"></span></span>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Chechen_War" id="mwAWs" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="First Chechen War">First Chechen War</a>: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chechens" id="mwAWw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Chechens">Chechen</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Separatism" id="mwAW0" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Separatism">separatists</a> launch a raid against the helicopter airfield and later a civilian hospital in the city of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kizlyar" id="mwAW4" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Kizlyar">Kizlyar</a> in the neighboring <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dagestan" id="mwAW8" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Dagestan">Dagestan</a>, which turns into <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kizlyar-Pervomayskoye_hostage_crisis" id="mwAXA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Kizlyar-Pervomayskoye hostage crisis">a massive hostage crisis</a> involving thousands of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civilian" id="mwAXE" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Civilian">civilians</a>.

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comair_Flight_3272" id="mwAXU" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Comair Flight 3272">Comair Flight 3272</a> crashes in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raisinville_Township,_Michigan" id="mwAXY" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Raisinville Township, Michigan">Raisinville Township</a> in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monroe_County,_Michigan" id="mwAXc" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Monroe County, Michigan">Monroe County, Michigan</a>, killing 29 people.<sup about="#mwt219" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-40"}}' id="cite_ref-40" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_9#cite_note-40" id="mwAXg" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 40;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwAXk">[40]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-40"><cite about="#mwt216" class="citation web cs1" id="CITEREFRanter">Ranter, Harro. <a class="external text" href="https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19970109-0" id="mwCTI" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">"ASN Aircraft accident Embraer EMB-120RT Brasilia N265CA Monroe, MI"</a>. <i id="mwCTM">aviation-safety.net</i>. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./Aviation_Safety_Network" id="mwCTQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Aviation Safety Network">Aviation Safety Network</a>. <a class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211217182034/https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19970109-0" id="mwCTU" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">Archived</a> from the original on 2021-12-17<span class="reference-accessdate" id="mwCTY">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap" id="mwCTc">2021-12-17</span></span>.</cite><span about="#mwt216" class="Z3988" id="mwCTg" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=aviation-safety.net&amp;rft.atitle=ASN+Aircraft+accident+Embraer+EMB-120RT+Brasilia+N265CA+Monroe%2C+MI&amp;rft.aulast=Ranter&amp;rft.aufirst=Harro&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Faviation-safety.net%2Fdatabase%2Frecord.php%3Fid%3D19970109-0&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+9"></span></span>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TANS_Perú_Flight_222" id="mwAX0" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="TANS Perú Flight 222">TANS Perú Flight 222</a> crashes on approach to <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chachapoyas_Airport" id="mwAX4" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Chachapoyas Airport">Chachapoyas Airport</a> in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chachapoyas,_Peru" id="mwAX8" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Chachapoyas, Peru">Chachapoyas, Peru</a>, killing 46 people.<sup about="#mwt224" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{"name":"avs"},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-avs-41"}}' id="cite_ref-avs_41-0" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_9#cite_note-avs-41" id="mwAYA" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 41;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwAYE">[41]</span></a></sup>

An <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inflatable_boat" id="mwAYU" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Inflatable boat">inflatable boat</a> carrying illegal <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albania" id="mwAYY" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Albania">Albanian</a> emigrants <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karaburun_tragedy" id="mwAYc" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Karaburun tragedy">stalls</a> near the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karaburun_Peninsula,_Albania" id="mwAYg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Karaburun Peninsula, Albania">Karaburun Peninsula</a> en route to <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brindisi" id="mwAYk" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Brindisi">Brindisi</a>, Italy; exposure to the elements kills 28. This is the second deadliest marine disaster in Albanian history.<sup about="#mwt227" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-42"}}' id="cite_ref-42" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_9#cite_note-42" id="mwAYo" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 42;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwAYs">[42]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-42">Arben Lagreta <a class="external text" href="http://balkanweb.com/gazetav5/newsadmin/preview.php?id=54980" id="mwCUU" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">Tragjedia, zbardhet deklarata e Bizhgës</a> <a about="#mwt226" class="external text" data-mw='{"parts":[{"template":{"target":{"wt":"Webarchive","href":"./Template:Webarchive"},"params":{"url":{"wt":"https://archive.today/20120707032401/http://balkanweb.com/gazetav5/newsadmin/preview.php?id=54980"},"date":{"wt":"7 July 2012"}},"i":0}}]}' href="https://archive.today/20120707032401/http://balkanweb.com/gazetav5/newsadmin/preview.php?id=54980" id="mwCUY" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow" typeof="mw:Transclusion">Archived</a><span about="#mwt226" id="mwCUc"> 7 July 2012 at </span><a about="#mwt226" href="./Archive.today" id="mwCUg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Archive.today">archive.today</a>, 11 March 2009</span>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahmoud_Abbas" id="mwAY8" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Mahmoud Abbas">Mahmoud Abbas</a> wins the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2005_Palestinian_presidential_election" id="mwAZA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="2005 Palestinian presidential election">election</a> to succeed <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yasser_Arafat" id="mwAZE" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Yasser Arafat">Yasser Arafat</a> as President of the <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palestinian_National_Authority" id="mwAZI" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Palestinian National Authority">Palestinian National Authority</a>, replacing interim president <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rawhi_Fattouh" id="mwAZM" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Rawhi Fattouh">Rawhi Fattouh</a>.<sup about="#mwt232" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-43"}}' id="cite_ref-43" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_9#cite_note-43" id="mwAZQ" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 43;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwAZU">[43]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-43"><cite about="#mwt229" class="citation news cs1" id="mwCU0"><a class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/january/9/newsid_4514000/4514342.stm" id="mwCU4" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">"2005: Abbas triumphs in Palestinian elections"</a>. <i id="mwCU8">BBC News</i>. BBC. <a class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230326033907/http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/january/9/newsid_4514000/4514342.stm" id="mwCVA" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">Archived</a> from the original on 26 March 2023<span class="reference-accessdate" id="mwCVE">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap" id="mwCVI">8 January</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span about="#mwt229" class="Z3988" id="mwCVM" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=BBC+News&amp;rft.atitle=2005%3A+Abbas+triumphs+in+Palestinian+elections&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2Fonthisday%2Fhi%2Fdates%2Fstories%2Fjanuary%2F9%2Fnewsid_4514000%2F4514342.stm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+9"></span></span>

The <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan_People's_Liberation_Movement" id="mwAZg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Sudan People's Liberation Movement">Sudan People's Liberation Movement</a> and the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Government_of_Sudan" id="mwAZk" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Government of Sudan">Government of Sudan</a> sign the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comprehensive_Peace_Agreement" id="mwAZo" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Comprehensive Peace Agreement">Comprehensive Peace Agreement</a> to end the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Sudanese_Civil_War" id="mwAZs" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Second Sudanese Civil War">Second Sudanese Civil War</a>.<sup about="#mwt237" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{"name":"nd"},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-nd-44"}}' id="cite_ref-nd_44-0" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_9#cite_note-nd-44" id="mwAZw" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 44;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwAZ0">[44]</span></a></sup>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apple_Inc." id="mwAaE" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Apple Inc.">Apple</a> CEO <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steve_Jobs" id="mwAaI" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Steve Jobs">Steve Jobs</a> introduces the original <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPhone_(1st_generation)" id="mwAaM" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="IPhone (1st generation)">iPhone</a> at a Macworld keynote in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco" id="mwAaQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="San Francisco">San Francisco</a>.<sup about="#mwt242" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-45"}}' id="cite_ref-45" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_9#cite_note-45" id="mwAaU" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 45;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwAaY">[45]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-45"><cite about="#mwt239" class="citation web cs1" id="CITEREFFarber2014">Farber, Dan (January 9, 2014). <a class="external text" href="https://www.cnet.com/news/when-iphone-met-world-7-years-ago-today/" id="mwCWI" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">"When iPhone met world, 7 years ago today"</a>. <a href="./CNET" id="mwCWM" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="CNET">CNET</a>. <a class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220705220307/https://www.cnet.com/tech/tech-industry/when-iphone-met-world-7-years-ago-today/" id="mwCWQ" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">Archived</a> from the original on July 5, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate" id="mwCWU">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap" id="mwCWY">March 23,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span about="#mwt239" class="Z3988" id="mwCWc" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=When+iPhone+met+world%2C+7+years+ago+today&amp;rft.pub=CNET&amp;rft.date=2014-01-09&amp;rft.aulast=Farber&amp;rft.aufirst=Dan&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnet.com%2Fnews%2Fwhen-iphone-met-world-7-years-ago-today%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+9"></span></span>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iran_Air_Flight_277" id="mwAao" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Iran Air Flight 277">Iran Air Flight 277</a> crashes near <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urmia" id="mwAas" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Urmia">Urmia</a> in the northwest of the country, in icy conditions, killing 78 people.<sup about="#mwt247" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-46"}}' id="cite_ref-46" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_9#cite_note-46" id="mwAaw" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 46;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwAa0">[46]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-46"><cite about="#mwt244" class="citation news cs1" id="CITEREFHradecky">Hradecky, Simon. <a class="external text" href="http://avherald.com/h?article=435f1587&amp;opt=1" id="mwCWs" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">"Accident: Iran Air B722 near Orumiyeh on Jan 9th 2011, impacted terrain during go-around"</a>. <a href="./The_Aviation_Herald" id="mwCWw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="The Aviation Herald">The Aviation Herald</a>. <a class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191210112709/http://avherald.com/h?article=435f1587&amp;opt=1" id="mwCW0" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">Archived</a> from the original on December 10, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate" id="mwCW4">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap" id="mwCW8">January 9,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span about="#mwt244" class="Z3988" id="mwCXA" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=Accident%3A+Iran+Air+B722+near+Orumiyeh+on+Jan+9th+2011%2C+impacted+terrain+during+go-around&amp;rft.aulast=Hradecky&amp;rft.aufirst=Simon&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Favherald.com%2Fh%3Farticle%3D435f1587%26opt%3D1&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+9"></span></span>

An <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitsubishi_Materials_chemical_plant_explosion" id="mwAbE" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Mitsubishi Materials chemical plant explosion">explosion</a> at a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitsubishi_Materials" id="mwAbI" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Mitsubishi Materials">Mitsubishi Materials</a> chemical plant in <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yokkaichi,_Mie" id="mwAbM" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Yokkaichi, Mie">Yokkaichi</a>, Japan, kills at least five people and injures 17 others.<sup about="#mwt252" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-47"}}' id="cite_ref-47" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_9#cite_note-47" id="mwAbQ" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 47;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwAbU">[47]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-47"><cite about="#mwt249" class="citation web cs1" id="mwCXQ"><a class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-25664195" id="mwCXU" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">"Explosion at Japan chemical factory"</a>. <a href="./BBC" id="mwCXY" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="BBC">BBC</a>. 9 January 2014. <a class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140109091321/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-25664195" id="mwCXc" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">Archived</a> from the original on 9 January 2014<span class="reference-accessdate" id="mwCXg">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap" id="mwCXk">9 January</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span about="#mwt249" class="Z3988" id="mwCXo" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Explosion+at+Japan+chemical+factory&amp;rft.pub=BBC&amp;rft.date=2014-01-09&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld-asia-25664195&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+9"></span></span>

The perpetrators of the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charlie_Hebdo_shooting" id="mwAbk" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Charlie Hebdo shooting"><i id="mwAbo">Charlie Hebdo</i> shooting</a> in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paris" id="mwAbs" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Paris">Paris</a> two days earlier are both killed after a hostage situation; a <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Porte_de_Vincennes_siege" id="mwAbw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Porte de Vincennes siege">second hostage situation</a>, related to the <i id="mwAb0">Charlie Hebdo</i> shooting, occurs at a Jewish market in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vincennes" id="mwAb4" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Vincennes">Vincennes</a>.<sup about="#mwt257" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-48"}}' id="cite_ref-48" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_9#cite_note-48" id="mwAb8" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 48;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwAcA">[48]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-48"><cite about="#mwt254" class="citation news cs1" id="mwCX4"><a class="external text" href="http://www.cbsnews.com/news/report-suspect-in-2nd-france-cop-killing-in-hostage-situation/" id="mwCX8" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">"Paris hostage situation ends with gunman dead"</a>. <i id="mwCYA"><a href="./CBS_News" id="mwCYE" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="CBS News">CBS News</a></i>. 9 January 2015. <a class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150109152503/http://www.cbsnews.com/news/report-suspect-in-2nd-france-cop-killing-in-hostage-situation/" id="mwCYI" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">Archived</a> from the original on 9 January 2015<span class="reference-accessdate" id="mwCYM">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap" id="mwCYQ">9 January</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span about="#mwt254" class="Z3988" id="mwCYU" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=CBS+News&amp;rft.atitle=Paris+hostage+situation+ends+with+gunman+dead&amp;rft.date=2015-01-09&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbsnews.com%2Fnews%2Freport-suspect-in-2nd-france-cop-killing-in-hostage-situation%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+9"></span></span>

A <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mozambique_funeral_beer_poisoning" id="mwAcM" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Mozambique funeral beer poisoning">mass poisoning</a> at a funeral in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mozambique" id="mwAcQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Mozambique">Mozambique</a> involving beer that was contaminated with <i id="mwAcU"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burkholderia_gladioli" id="mwAcY" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Burkholderia gladioli">Burkholderia gladioli</a></i> leaves 75 dead and over 230 people ill.<sup about="#mwt262" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-49"}}' id="cite_ref-49" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_9#cite_note-49" id="mwAcc" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 49;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwAcg">[49]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-49"><cite about="#mwt259" class="citation journal cs1" id="CITEREFEduardo_Samo_Gudo2018">Eduardo Samo Gudo; et<span id="mwCYk" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>al. (17 April 2018). <a class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5908738" id="mwCYo" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">"Description of a Mass Poisoning in a Rural District in Mozambique: The First Documented Bongkrekic Acid Poisoning in Africa"</a>. <i id="mwCYs">Clinical Infectious Diseases</i>. <b id="mwCYw">66</b> (9): 1400–1406. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./Doi_(identifier)" id="mwCY0" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fcid%2Fcix1005" id="mwCY4" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">10.1093/cid/cix1005</a>. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./PMC_(identifier)" id="mwCY8" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a><span id="mwCZA" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><span class="id-lock-free" id="mwCZE" title="Freely accessible"><a class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5908738" id="mwCZI" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">5908738</a></span>. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./PMID_(identifier)" id="mwCZM" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a><span id="mwCZQ" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29155976" id="mwCZU" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">29155976</a>.</cite><span about="#mwt259" class="Z3988" id="mwCZY" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Clinical+Infectious+Diseases&amp;rft.atitle=Description+of+a+Mass+Poisoning+in+a+Rural+District+in+Mozambique%3A+The+First+Documented+Bongkrekic+Acid+Poisoning+in+Africa&amp;rft.volume=66&amp;rft.issue=9&amp;rft.pages=1400-1406&amp;rft.date=2018-04-17&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC5908738%23id-name%3DPMC&amp;rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F29155976&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fcid%2Fcix1005&amp;rft.au=Eduardo+Samo+Gudo&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC5908738&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+9"></span></span>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sriwijaya_Air_Flight_182" id="mwAcw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Sriwijaya Air Flight 182">Sriwijaya Air Flight 182 crashes</a> north of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jakarta" id="mwAc0" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Jakarta">Jakarta</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indonesia" id="mwAc4" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a>, killing all 62 people on board.<sup about="#mwt267" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-50"}}' id="cite_ref-50" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_9#cite_note-50" id="mwAc8" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 50;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwAdA">[50]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-50"><cite about="#mwt264" class="citation web cs1" id="mwCZo"><a class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/asia/indonesia-plane-missing-latest-updates-boeing-737-sriwijaya-air-flight-sj182-b1784832.html" id="mwCZs" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">"Boeing 737 goes missing over Indonesia - follow live updates"</a>. <i id="mwCZw">The Independent</i>. 2021-01-09. <a class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210109181815/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/asia/indonesia-plane-missing-latest-updates-boeing-737-sriwijaya-air-flight-sj182-b1784832.html" id="mwCZ0" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">Archived</a> from the original on 2021-01-09<span class="reference-accessdate" id="mwCZ4">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap" id="mwCZ8">2021-01-11</span></span>.</cite><span about="#mwt264" class="Z3988" id="mwCaA" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=The+Independent&amp;rft.atitle=Boeing+737+goes+missing+over+Indonesia+-+follow+live+updates&amp;rft.date=2021-01-09&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Fasia%2Findonesia-plane-missing-latest-updates-boeing-737-sriwijaya-air-flight-sj182-b1784832.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+9"></span></span>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julius_Caesar" id="mwEQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Julius Caesar">Julius Caesar</a> crosses the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rubicon" id="mwEg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Rubicon">Rubicon</a>, signalling the start of <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caesar's_Civil_War" id="mwEw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Caesar's Civil War">civil war</a>.<sup about="#mwt15" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-1"}}' id="cite_ref-1" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_10#cite_note-1" id="mwFA" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 1;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwFQ">[1]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-1"><cite about="#mwt12" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFAdrian_Goldsworthy2013">Adrian Goldsworthy (4 December 2013). <a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=199JAgAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA14" id="mwB08" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwB1A">Caesar's Civil War 49-44 BC</i></a>. Routledge. p.<span id="mwB1E" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>14. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./ISBN_(identifier)" id="mwB1I" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a><span id="mwB1M" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a href="./Special:BookSources/978-1-135-88181-8" id="mwB1Q" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-135-88181-8"><bdi id="mwB1U">978-1-135-88181-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span about="#mwt12" class="Z3988" id="mwB1Y" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Caesar%27s+Civil+War+49-44+BC&amp;rft.pages=14&amp;rft.pub=Routledge&amp;rft.date=2013-12-04&amp;rft.isbn=978-1-135-88181-8&amp;rft.au=Adrian+Goldsworthy&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D199JAgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA14&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+10"></span></span>

The Western <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Han_dynasty" id="mwGQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Han dynasty">Han dynasty</a> ends when <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wang_Mang" id="mwGg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Wang Mang">Wang Mang</a> claims that the divine <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandate_of_Heaven" id="mwGw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Mandate of Heaven">Mandate of Heaven</a> called for the end of the dynasty and the beginning of his own, the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xin_dynasty" id="mwHA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Xin dynasty">Xin dynasty</a>.<sup about="#mwt20" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-2"}}' id="cite_ref-2" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_10#cite_note-2" id="mwHQ" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 2;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwHg">[2]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-2"><cite about="#mwt17" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFHans_Bielenstein1954">Hans Bielenstein (1954). <a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=VOVWmju9U5QC" id="mwB1o" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwB1s">The Restoration of the Han Dynasty</i></a>. Museum of Far Eastern Antiquities. p.<span id="mwB1w" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>160.</cite><span about="#mwt17" class="Z3988" id="mwB10" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Restoration+of+the+Han+Dynasty&amp;rft.pages=160&amp;rft.pub=Museum+of+Far+Eastern+Antiquities&amp;rft.date=1954&amp;rft.au=Hans+Bielenstein&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DVOVWmju9U5QC&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+10"></span></span>

<a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucius_Calpurnius_Piso_Licinianus" id="mwIg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Lucius Calpurnius Piso Licinianus">Lucius Calpurnius Piso Licinianus</a> is appointed by <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galba" id="mwIw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Galba">Galba</a> as <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caesar_(title)" id="mwJA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Caesar (title)">deputy Roman Emperor</a>.<sup about="#mwt25" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-3"}}' id="cite_ref-3" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_10#cite_note-3" id="mwJQ" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 3;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwJg">[3]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-3"><cite about="#mwt22" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFSimon_HornblowerAntony_SpawforthEsther_Eidinow2012">Simon Hornblower; Antony Spawforth; Esther Eidinow (29 March 2012). <a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=bVWcAQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA270" id="mwB2E" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwB2I">The Oxford Classical Dictionary</i></a>. OUP Oxford. p.<span id="mwB2M" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>270. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./ISBN_(identifier)" id="mwB2Q" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a><span id="mwB2U" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a href="./Special:BookSources/978-0-19-954556-8" id="mwB2Y" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-954556-8"><bdi id="mwB2c">978-0-19-954556-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span about="#mwt22" class="Z3988" id="mwB2g" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Classical+Dictionary&amp;rft.pages=270&amp;rft.pub=OUP+Oxford&amp;rft.date=2012-03-29&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-19-954556-8&amp;rft.au=Simon+Hornblower&amp;rft.au=Antony+Spawforth&amp;rft.au=Esther+Eidinow&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DbVWcAQAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA270&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+10"></span></span>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Fabian" id="mwKg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Pope Fabian">Pope Fabian</a> succeeds <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Anterus" id="mwKw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Pope Anterus">Anterus</a> to become the twentieth pope of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Rome" id="mwLA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Ancient Rome">Rome</a>.<sup about="#mwt30" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-4"}}' id="cite_ref-4" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_10#cite_note-4" id="mwLQ" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 4;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwLg">[4]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-4"><cite about="#mwt27" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFAubrey_Attwater1939">Aubrey Attwater (1939). <a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=uVmcAQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA13" id="mwB2w" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwB20">A Dictionary of Popes: From Peter to Pius XII</i></a>. Oxford University Press. p.<span id="mwB24" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>13. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./ISBN_(identifier)" id="mwB28" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a><span id="mwB3A" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a href="./Special:BookSources/978-0-19-929581-4" id="mwB3E" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-929581-4"><bdi id="mwB3I">978-0-19-929581-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span about="#mwt27" class="Z3988" id="mwB3M" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=A+Dictionary+of+Popes%3A+From+Peter+to+Pius+XII.&amp;rft.pages=13&amp;rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&amp;rft.date=1939&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-19-929581-4&amp;rft.au=Aubrey+Attwater&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DuVmcAQAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA13&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+10"></span></span>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Guiscard" id="mwMg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Robert Guiscard">Robert Guiscard</a> conquers <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palermo" id="mwMw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Palermo">Palermo</a> in Sicily for the Normans.<sup about="#mwt35" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-5"}}' id="cite_ref-5" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_10#cite_note-5" id="mwNA" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 5;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwNQ">[5]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-5"><cite about="#mwt32" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFMarjorie_Chibnall1993">Marjorie Chibnall (1993). <a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=QjlBTqnrcrIC&amp;pg=PA53" id="mwB3c" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwB3g">Anglo-Norman Studies XV</i></a>. Boydell &amp; Brewer Ltd. p.<span id="mwB3k" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>53. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./ISBN_(identifier)" id="mwB3o" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a><span id="mwB3s" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a href="./Special:BookSources/978-0-85115-336-0" id="mwB3w" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-85115-336-0"><bdi id="mwB30">978-0-85115-336-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span about="#mwt32" class="Z3988" id="mwB34" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Anglo-Norman+Studies+XV&amp;rft.pages=53&amp;rft.pub=Boydell+%26+Brewer+Ltd&amp;rft.date=1993&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-85115-336-0&amp;rft.au=Marjorie+Chibnall&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQjlBTqnrcrIC%26pg%3DPA53&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+10"></span></span>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_the_Good" id="mwOQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Philip the Good">Philip the Good</a>, the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duke_of_Burgundy" id="mwOg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Duke of Burgundy">Duke of Burgundy</a>, establishes the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Order_of_the_Golden_Fleece" id="mwOw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Order of the Golden Fleece">Order of the Golden Fleece</a>, the most prestigious, exclusive, and expensive <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Order_of_chivalry" id="mwPA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Order of chivalry">order of chivalry</a> in the world.<sup about="#mwt40" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{"name":"Gibbons2013"},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-Gibbons2013-6"}}' id="cite_ref-Gibbons2013_6-0" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_10#cite_note-Gibbons2013-6" id="mwPQ" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 6;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwPg">[6]</span></a></sup>

<a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_III_of_Moldavia" id="mwQg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Stephen III of Moldavia">Stephen III of Moldavia</a> defeats the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" id="mwQw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a> at the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Vaslui" id="mwRA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Battle of Vaslui">Battle of Vaslui</a>.<sup about="#mwt45" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-7"}}' id="cite_ref-7" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_10#cite_note-7" id="mwRQ" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 7;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwRg">[7]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-7"><cite about="#mwt42" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFKurt_W._Treptow1991">Kurt W. Treptow (1991). <a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=eXVpAAAAMAAJ" id="mwB48" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwB5A">Dracula: Essays on the Life and Times of Vlad Țepeș</i></a>. East European Monographs. p.<span id="mwB5E" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>21. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./ISBN_(identifier)" id="mwB5I" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a><span id="mwB5M" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a href="./Special:BookSources/978-0-88033-220-0" id="mwB5Q" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-88033-220-0"><bdi id="mwB5U">978-0-88033-220-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span about="#mwt42" class="Z3988" id="mwB5Y" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Dracula%3A+Essays+on+the+Life+and+Times+of+Vlad+%C8%9Aepe%C8%99&amp;rft.pages=21&amp;rft.pub=East+European+Monographs&amp;rft.date=1991&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-88033-220-0&amp;rft.au=Kurt+W.+Treptow&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DeXVpAAAAMAAJ&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+10"></span></span>

Archbishop <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Laud" id="mwTQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="William Laud">William Laud</a> is beheaded for treason at the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tower_of_London" id="mwTg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Tower of London">Tower of London</a>.<sup about="#mwt50" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-8"}}' id="cite_ref-8" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_10#cite_note-8" id="mwTw" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 8;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwUA">[8]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-8"><cite about="#mwt47" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFWedgwood1958">Wedgwood, Cicely Veronica (1958). <i id="mwB5o">The King's War, 1641-1647</i>. London: Collins. pp.<span id="mwB5s" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>376–378.</cite><span about="#mwt47" class="Z3988" id="mwB5w" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+King%27s+War%2C+1641-1647&amp;rft.place=London&amp;rft.pages=376-378&amp;rft.pub=Collins&amp;rft.date=1958&amp;rft.aulast=Wedgwood&amp;rft.aufirst=Cicely+Veronica&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+10"></span></span>

American Revolution: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Paine" id="mwVA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Thomas Paine">Thomas Paine</a> publishes his pamphlet <i id="mwVQ"><a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_Sense_(pamphlet)" id="mwVg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Common Sense (pamphlet)">Common Sense</a></i>.<sup about="#mwt55" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-9"}}' id="cite_ref-9" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_10#cite_note-9" id="mwVw" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 9;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwWA">[9]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-9"><cite about="#mwt52" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFSteven_Blakemore2012">Steven Blakemore (31 August 2012). <a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=5UeSBAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA1" id="mwB6A" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwB6E">Literature, Intertextuality, and the American Revolution: From Common Sense to Rip Van Winkle</i></a>. Fairleigh Dickinson. p.<span id="mwB6I" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>1. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./ISBN_(identifier)" id="mwB6M" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a><span id="mwB6Q" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a href="./Special:BookSources/978-1-61147-573-9" id="mwB6U" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-61147-573-9"><bdi id="mwB6Y">978-1-61147-573-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span about="#mwt52" class="Z3988" id="mwB6c" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Literature%2C+Intertextuality%2C+and+the+American+Revolution%3A+From+Common+Sense+to+Rip+Van+Winkle&amp;rft.pages=1&amp;rft.pub=Fairleigh+Dickinson&amp;rft.date=2012-08-31&amp;rft.isbn=978-1-61147-573-9&amp;rft.au=Steven+Blakemore&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D5UeSBAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA1&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+10"></span></span>

The <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siege_of_Dunlap's_Station" id="mwXA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Siege of Dunlap's Station">Siege of Dunlap's Station</a> begins near <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cincinnati" id="mwXQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Cincinnati">Cincinnati</a> during the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northwest_Indian_War" id="mwXg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Northwest Indian War">Northwest Indian War</a>.<sup about="#mwt60" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-10"}}' id="cite_ref-10" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_10#cite_note-10" id="mwXw" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 10;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwYA">[10]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-10"><cite about="#mwt57" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFHarvey_L._Carter1987">Harvey L. Carter (1987). <span class="id-lock-registration" id="mwB6s" title="Free registration required"><a class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/lifetimesoflittl0000cart" id="mwB6w" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwB60">The Life and Times of Little Turtle: First Sagamore of the Wabash</i></a></span>. University of Illinois Press. p.<span id="mwB64" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/lifetimesoflittl0000cart/page/109" id="mwB68" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">109</a>. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./ISBN_(identifier)" id="mwB7A" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a><span id="mwB7E" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a href="./Special:BookSources/978-0-252-01318-8" id="mwB7I" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-252-01318-8"><bdi id="mwB7M">978-0-252-01318-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span about="#mwt57" class="Z3988" id="mwB7Q" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Life+and+Times+of+Little+Turtle%3A+First+Sagamore+of+the+Wabash&amp;rft.pages=109&amp;rft.pub=University+of+Illinois+Press&amp;rft.date=1987&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-252-01318-8&amp;rft.au=Harvey+L.+Carter&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Flifetimesoflittl0000cart&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+10"></span></span>