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JAVELIN THROW |
Javelin Throw is regarded as a strength event. The Javelin Thrower is required to throw a spear shaped |
implement called a Javelin as far as possible. Depending on the age and gender of the athlete the weight of the |
implement will vary between 500gm and 800gm. |
1. THE COMPETITION AREA |
There is only one basic javelin throw technique with individual variations within the technique, but the aim |
is always to deliver the javelin with optimum speed and balance. |
IMPLEMENT: The javelin consists of three |
parts: the point or metal head, the wooden |
or metallic shaft and a cord grip placed |
around the centre of gravity. The length of |
the men's javelin is 2.6 to 2.7m and that for |
women is 2.2 to 2.3m in length. |
THE RUNWAY: The length of the runway should be |
not more than 36.50m but not less than 30m and |
should be marked by two parallel lines 50mm in |
width and 4m apart. |
THE THROWING ARC: This should consist of a strip |
made of paint, wood of metal 70mm in width, painted |
white and flush with the ground, and should be an |
arc of a circle drawn with a radius of 8m. Lines, 1.5m |
in length, are drawn from the extremities of the arc at |
right angles to the parallel lines marking the run way. |
THROWING SECTOR: This is bounded by the inner edges of two lines which are drawn from the centre of the arc through the |
points at which the arc joins the lines marking the edge of the run way. The angle formed by these two lines at the centre of the |
arc is approximately 290. |
2. JAVELIN TECHNIQUE |
The right-handed technique will be explained in all examples used in this book. |
2.1. THE GRIP |
The javelin must lie in the fold of the hand so that it is in line with the direction of throw. The javelin |
must lie along the length of the palm and not across. The javelin must be held at the back of the |
cord, with at least one finger placed behind the edge of the binding. Three different types of grips |
are commonly used. |
THE AMERICAN GRIP THE FINNISH GRIP THE “V”- GRIP |
The thumb and the first two The thumb and the first two The javelin is held between the |
joints of the index finger joints of the index finger are index and middle fingers behind |
are behind the cord. behind the cord, while the the cord. The position of the |
index finger supports the shaft. fingers assists the throwing arm |
The extended finger assists the in staying at shoulder height |
rotation of the javelin during during the approach. |
delivery.2.2. THE STAGES |
The javelin technique sequence comprises of 4 phases: An approach, a 5-step rhythm, throw and |
recovery. |
2.3. THE JAVELIN THROWER SHOULD AVOID: |
Grasping the javelin with a tensed fist. |
Jumping upwards during the final strides. |
Having two “cross steps”. |
Keeping the shoulders facing the front. |
Breaking at the hips and allowing the trunk to bend forward. |
Bending the throwing arm and taking the javelin off its throwing line. |
Placing the front foot down too far to the left. |
Throwing around the right side of the body. |
2.4. THE JAVELIN THROWER SHOULD AIM TO: |
Hold the javelin along the length of the hand. |
Widen the final strides and gradually increase the flexion of the right leg. |
Run straight during the approach. |
Keep the body weight over the back leg. |
Get a twist between the upper body and lower body (left shoulder in a closed position). |
Keep the throwing arm straight and the palm of the throwing hand uppermost. |
Get the left leg well out to the front and brace it. |
Arch the body in the throwing position and keep the elbow up during the throw. |
2.5. APPROACH AND 5 STEP RHYTHM |
The approach run is divided into two phases; a preliminary phase and a final phase commonly |
revered to as the “rhythm of five”. |
The average length of approach, including the 5 step rhythm is: |
Juniors - 9- to 13 strides |
Seniors - 13 to 19 strides2.6. THE APPROACH (PRELIMINARY) |
During this phase the javelin is carried at head height, with the |
arm bent, the elbow pointing forward. |
The palm of the hand must face upwards. This will help the |
wrist, elbow and shoulder to relax, and therefore lead to an |
easy running action. |
The shoulders are parallel to the run-up and the hips are kept |
high, with the body-weight carried on the ball of the foot. The |
javelin is lined up approximately parallel to the ground. |
The approach speed increases constantly to the maximum |
controllable speed. The length of the preliminary approach |
run is: |
Juniors: 4 – 8 strides long, finishing on the right foot |
contact with the ground. |
Seniors: 8 – 14 strides long, finishing on the right foot |
contact with the ground. |
2.7. 5 STEP RHYTHM (TRANSITION) |
A clear marker must be placed next to the run-up area to indicate the start of the 5 step rhythm. |
The approach speed continues to increase constantly to the maximum controllable speed, |
without lengthening the stride. |
STEP 1 AND 2 |
On landing on the right foot, move the |
throwing arm straight forward and then |
back to the rear, over the right shoulder, |
until the arm is fully stretched at |
shoulder height, with the palm of the |
throwing hand facing upwards. |
Do not rush the withdrawal to avoid |
running sideways to long. |
Try to accelerate ahead of the javelin, |
rather than pushing the javelin back. |
This way, it will be easier to maintain the |
approach speed. |
The shoulders turn to be in line with delivery area, while the hips remain square with the delivery |