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[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Ferfer () is one of the woredas in the Somali Region of Ethiopia, named after its major town, Ferfer. Part of the Gode Zone, Ferfer is bordered on the west by Mustahil, on the north by the Korahe Zone, and on the east and south by the Provisional Administrative Line with Somalia. Shebelle River is flowing through this woreda.", "title": "Ferfer (woreda)" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jiifyarey (Jiif Yarey) is a town in the central Hiran region of Somalia. It’s mostly inhabited by the Xawaadle subclan of the larger Hawiye Somali clan", "title": "Jiifyarey" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Somalis in the United Kingdom include British citizens and residents born in, or with ancestors from, Somalia. It is thought that the United Kingdom (UK) is home to the largest Somali community in Europe, with an estimated 98,000 Somali - born immigrants residing in the UK in 2016 according to the Office for National Statistics. The majority of these live in England, with the largest number found in London. Smaller Somali communities exist in Birmingham, Bristol, Manchester, Liverpool, Leicester, Milton Keynes, Sheffield and Cardiff.", "title": "Somalis in the United Kingdom" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Football is the most popular sport amongst Somalis. Important competitions are the Somalia League and Somalia Cup. The multi-ethnic Ocean Stars, Somalia's national team, first participated at the Olympic Games in 1972 and has sent athletes to compete in most Summer Olympic Games since then. The equally diverse Somali beach soccer team also represents the country in international beach soccer competitions. In addition, several international footballers such as Mohammed Ahamed Jama, Liban Abdi, Ayub Daud and Abdisalam Ibrahim have played in European top divisions.", "title": "Somalis" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Dirie along with a few relatives later moved to London, where she resided with and worked for an uncle, who had been appointed Somali ambassador. When his term in office ended, Waris remained in the city and held a job at a local McDonald's. She also began evening classes to learn English.", "title": "Waris Dirie" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The peaceful introduction of Islam in the early medieval era of Somalia's history brought Islamic architectural influences from Arabia and Persia. This had the effect of stimulating a shift in construction from drystone and other related materials to coral stone, sundried bricks, and the widespread use of limestone in Somali architecture. Many of the new architectural designs, such as mosques, were built on the ruins of older structures. This practice would continue over and over again throughout the following centuries.", "title": "Somalis" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In ancient Somalia, pyramidical structures known in Somali as taalo were a popular burial style, with hundreds of these dry stone monuments scattered around the country today. Houses were built of dressed stone similar to the ones in Ancient Egypt. There are also examples of courtyards and large stone walls enclosing settlements, such as the Wargaade Wall.", "title": "Somalis" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Asha Haji Elmi (Somali: Caasha Xaaji Cilmi, Arabic: عائشة حاجي علمي‎) (born 1962) is a Somali politician and peace activist. As of August 2012, she is a former member of the Federal Parliament of Somalia.", "title": "Asha Haji Elmi" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Ogaden War was a Somali military offensive between July 1977 and March 1978 over the disputed Ethiopian region of Ogaden, which began with the Somali invasion of Ethiopia. The Soviet Union disapproved of the invasion and ceased its support of Somalia, instead starting to support Ethiopia; the United States, conversely, ceased its support of Ethiopia and started supporting Somalia. Ethiopia was saved from a major defeat and a permanent loss of territory through a massive airlift of military supplies (worth $7 billion), the arrival of 16,000 Cuban troops, 1,500 Soviet advisors and two brigades from South Yemen, also airlifted to reinforce Harar. The Ethiopians prevailed at Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga, and began to push the Somalis systematically out of the Ogaden. By March 1978, the Ethiopians had captured almost all of the Ogaden, prompting the defeated Somalis to give up their claim to the region. A third of the initial Somali National Army invasion force was killed, and half of the Somali Airforce destroyed; the war left Somalia with a disorganized and demoralized army and an angry population. All of these conditions led to a revolt in the army which eventually spiraled into a civil war and Somalia's current situation.", "title": "Ogaden War" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "As of 2009, dial up, wireless and satellite services were available. Dial up internet services in Somalia were among the fastest growing on the continent, with an annual landline growth rate of over 12.5%. The increase in usage was largely due to innovative policy initiatives adopted by the various Somali telecom operators, including free local in-town calls, a flat rate of $10 per month for unlimited calls, a low charge of $0.005 per minute for Internet connections, and a one-time connection fee of $50. Global Internet Company, a firm jointly owned by the major Somali telecommunication networks Hormuud Telecom, Telcom Somalia and Nationlink, was the country's largest ISP. It was at the time the only provider of dial up services in Somalia's south-central regions. In the northern Puntland and Somaliland regions, online networks offered internet dial up services to their own group of subscribers. Among these firms was Golis Telecom Somalia in the northeast and Telesom in the northwest.", "title": "Communications in Somalia" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The birth of Islam on the opposite side of Somalia's Red Sea coast meant that Somali merchants, sailors and expatriates living in the Arabian Peninsula gradually came under the influence of the new religion through their converted Arab Muslim trading partners. With the migration of fleeing Muslim families from the Islamic world to Somalia in the early centuries of Islam and the peaceful conversion of the Somali population by Somali Muslim scholars in the following centuries, the ancient city-states eventually transformed into Islamic Mogadishu, Berbera, Zeila, Barawa and Merca, which were part of the Berberi civilization. The city of Mogadishu came to be known as the City of Islam, and controlled the East African gold trade for several centuries.", "title": "Somalis" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jabril Hassan Mohammed is a Somali international footballer who currently plays as a striker for Dong Thap and the Somalia national team.", "title": "Jabril Hassan Mohammed" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Besides their traditional areas of inhabitation in Greater Somalia, a Somali community mainly consisting of entrepreneurs, academics, and students also exists in Egypt. In addition, there is an historical Somali community in the general Sudan area. Primarily concentrated in the north and Khartoum, the expatriate community mainly consists of students as well as some businesspeople. More recently, Somali entrepreneurs have established themselves in Kenya, investing over $1.5 billion in the Somali enclave of Eastleigh alone. In South Africa, Somali businesspeople also provide most of the retail trade in informal settlements around the Western Cape province.", "title": "Somalis" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Somalis constitute the largest ethnic group in Somalia, at approximately 85% of the nation's inhabitants. They are traditionally nomads, but since the late 20th century, many have moved to urban areas. While most Somalis can be found in Somalia proper, large numbers also live in Ethiopia, Djibouti, Kenya, Yemen, the Middle East, South Asia and Europe due to their seafaring tradition.", "title": "Somalis" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Djibouti ( (listen) jih-BOO-tee; Afar: Yibuuti, Arabic: جيبوتي‎ Jībūtī, French: Djibouti, Somali: Jabuuti, officially the Republic of Djibouti) is a country located in the Horn of Africa. It is bordered by Eritrea in the north, Ethiopia in the west and south, and Somalia in the southeast. The remainder of the border is formed by the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden at the east. Djibouti occupies a total area of 23,200 km2 (8,958 sq mi). The state of Djibouti is predominantly inhabited by two ethnic groups, the Somali and the Afar people, the Somalis being the major ethnic group of the country.", "title": "Djibouti" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bileh is a self-styled \"spokesman\" for Somali pirates operating off the coast of Somalia and based in the town of Eyl in Puntland.", "title": "Bileh" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In the Somali diaspora, multiple Islamic fundraising events are held every year in cities like Birmingham, London, Toronto and Minneapolis, where Somali scholars and professionals give lectures and answer questions from the audience. The purpose of these events is usually to raise money for new schools or universities in Somalia, to help Somalis that have suffered as a consequence of floods and/or droughts, or to gather funds for the creation of new mosques like the Abuubakar-As-Saddique Mosque, which is currently undergoing construction in the Twin cities.", "title": "Somalis" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The textile-making communities in Somalia are a continuation of an ancient textile industry, as is the culture of wood carving, pottery and monumental architecture that dominates Somali interiors and landscapes. The cultural diffusion of Somali commercial enterprise can be detected in its cuisine, which contains Southeast Asian influences. Due to the Somali people's passionate love for and facility with poetry, Somalia has often been referred to by scholars as a \"Nation of Poets\" and a \"Nation of Bards\" including, among others, the Canadian novelist Margaret Laurence.", "title": "Somalis" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Somalis have a rich musical heritage centered on traditional Somali folklore. Most Somali songs are pentatonic. That is, they only use five pitches per octave in contrast to a heptatonic (seven note) scale, such as the major scale. At first listen, Somali music might be mistaken for the sounds of nearby regions such as Ethiopia, Sudan or Arabia, but it is ultimately recognizable by its own unique tunes and styles. Somali songs are usually the product of collaboration between lyricists (midho), songwriters (lahan) and singers ('odka or \"voice\").", "title": "Somalis" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The residents of the area are mainly ethnic Somalis. Pastoralists routinely move across the various borders while seeking water and pasture for their herds. Experiencing large-scale violence as a result of the civil strife in Somalia, engagements between the Ethiopian military and Somali insurgents, inter-clan warfare, livestock raids between rival herders, targeted attacks, and frequent banditry, the United States Department of State has labeled the area \"one of the most conflict-prone areas in the world\". It has been reported that weapons shipments from Yemen arrive in Somalia, then make their way across the Mandera triangle prior to being moved across the rest of the African continent.", "title": "Mandera triangle" } ]

[ { "answer": "Ethiopia", "id": 858454, "paragraph_support_idx": 0, "question": "Ferfer >> country", "raw_question": "Ferfer >> country", "statement": "Ferfer is a country located in Ethiopia." }, { "answer": "Sudan", "id": 10446, "paragraph_support_idx": 18, "question": "Along with Arabia and Ethiopia , what land has songs that sound similar to those of Somalia?", "raw_question": "Along with Arabia and #1 , what land has songs that sound similar to those of Somalia?", "statement": "Along with Arabia and Ethiopia, Sudan has songs that sound similar to those of Somalia." }, { "answer": "Khartoum", "id": 10422, "paragraph_support_idx": 12, "question": "Near what city in Sudan do many Somalis reside?", "raw_question": "Near what city in #2 do many Somalis reside?", "statement": "Many Somalis reside near the city of Khartoum." } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Ice skating was brought to Britain from the Netherlands, where James II was briefly exiled in the 17th century. When he returned to England, this 'new' sport was introduced to the British aristocracy, and was soon enjoyed by people from all walks of life.", "title": "Ice skating" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Valhalla is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) located within the town of Mount Pleasant, in Westchester County, New York, United States, in the New York City metropolitan area. Its population was 3,162 at the 2010 U.S. Census. The name of the community was inspired by a fan of the opera composer Richard Wagner, and the hamlet is known both for its location as the home of the primary hospital campus of Westchester Medical Center and New York Medical College, as well as the burial place of numerous noted people. The name comes from \"Valhalla\", a heavenly abode in Norse mythology.", "title": "Valhalla, New York" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "In 1664, Peter Stuyvesant, the Director-General of the colony of New Netherland, surrendered New Amsterdam to the English without bloodshed. The English promptly renamed the fledgling city \"New York\" after the Duke of York (later King James II).", "title": "New York City" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Originally, Queens County included the adjacent area now comprising Nassau County. It was an original county of New York State, one of twelve created on November 1, 1683. The county is assumed to have been named after Catherine of Braganza, since she was queen of England at the time (she was Portugal's royal princess Catarina daughter of King John IV of Portugal). The county was founded alongside Kings County (Brooklyn, which was named after her husband, King Charles II), and Richmond County (Staten Island, named after his illegitimate son, the 1st Duke of Richmond). However, the namesake is in dispute; while Catherine's title seems the most likely namesake, no historical evidence of official declaration has been found. On October 7, 1691, all counties in the Colony of New York were redefined. Queens gained North and South Brother Islands as well as Huletts Island (today known as Rikers Island). On December 3, 1768, Queens gained other islands in Long Island Sound that were not already assigned to a county but that did not abut on Westchester County (today's Bronx County).", "title": "Queens" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Così, based in Boston, Massachusetts, is a fast-casual restaurant chain that is known for its homemade flatbread. The name comes from the opera \"Così fan tutte\", which was a favorite of the original owner. The company has 66 locations in New York, Washington D.C., Virginia, Pennsylvania, Massachusetts, Connecticut, Wisconsin, Illinois, Indiana, Ohio, as well as Costa Rica.", "title": "Così (restaurant)" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Seti II (or Sethos II) was the fifth pharaoh of the Nineteenth Dynasty of Egypt and reigned from c. 1200 BC to 1194 BC. His throne name, Userkheperure Setepenre, means \"Powerful are the manifestations of Re, the chosen one of Re.\" He was the son of Merneptah and Isetnofret II and sat on the throne during a period known for dynastic intrigue and short reigns, and his rule was no different. Seti II had to deal with many serious plots, most significantly the accession of a rival king named Amenmesse, possibly a half brother, who seized control over Thebes and Nubia in Upper Egypt during his second to fourth regnal years.", "title": "Seti II" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Christopher (; 1341 – 11 June 1363), Duke of Lolland, was the son of King Valdemar IV of Denmark and his wife Helvig of Schleswig. Christopher was appointed duke in 1359 and also was selected to succeed as king.", "title": "Christopher, Duke of Lolland" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "At birth, Victoria was fifth in the line of succession after her father and his three older brothers: the Prince Regent, the Duke of York, and the Duke of Clarence (later William IV). The Prince Regent and the Duke of York were estranged from their wives, who were both past child-bearing age, so the two eldest brothers were unlikely to have any further children. The Dukes of Kent and Clarence married on the same day 12 months before Victoria's birth, but both of Clarence's daughters (born in 1819 and 1820 respectively) died as infants. Victoria's grandfather and father died in 1820, within a week of each other, and the Duke of York died in 1827. On the death of her uncle George IV in 1830, Victoria became heiress presumptive to her next surviving uncle, William IV. The Regency Act 1830 made special provision for the Duchess of Kent to act as regent in case William died while Victoria was still a minor. King William distrusted the Duchess's capacity to be regent, and in 1836 declared in her presence that he wanted to live until Victoria's 18th birthday, so that a regency could be avoided.", "title": "Queen Victoria" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "On the outbreak of the Second World War in September 1939, the Duke and Duchess were brought back to Britain by Louis Mountbatten on board HMS Kelly, and Edward, although an honorary field marshal, was made a major - general attached to the British Military Mission in France. In February 1940, the German ambassador in The Hague, Count Julius von Zech - Burkersroda, claimed that the Duke had leaked the Allied war plans for the defence of Belgium, which the Duke later denied. When Germany invaded the north of France in May 1940, the Windsors fled south, first to Biarritz, then in June to Spain. In July the pair moved to Portugal, where they lived at first in the home of Ricardo Espírito Santo, a Portuguese banker with both British and German contacts. Under the code name Operation Willi, Nazi agents, principally Walter Schellenberg, plotted unsuccessfully to persuade the Duke to leave Portugal and return to Spain, kidnapping him if necessary. Lord Caldecote wrote a warning to Winston Churchill: ``(the Duke) is well - known to be pro-Nazi and he may become a centre of intrigue. ''Churchill threatened the Duke with a court - martial if he did not return to British soil.", "title": "Edward VIII" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Gayatri Rajapatni (circa 1276?—1350) was the queen consort of Majapahit's founder and first king Kertarajasa Jayawardhana, and also the mother of Tribhuwana Wijayatunggadewi, the queen regnal of Majapahit. A devout Buddhist, she was the youngest daughter of Kertanegara, king of Singhasari. She was an influential figure within Majapahit inner palace and later in her life acted as the matriarch of Majapahit's Rajasa Dynasty. Tradition mentioned her as a woman of extraordinary beauty with exceptional charm, wisdom and intelligence.", "title": "Gayatri Rajapatni" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "On August 27, 1664, while England and the Dutch Republic were at peace, four English frigates sailed into New Amsterdam's harbor and demanded New Netherland's surrender, whereupon New Netherland was provisionally ceded by Stuyvesant. On September 6, Stuyvesant sent lawyer Johannes De Decker and five other delegates to sign the official Articles of Capitulation. This was swiftly followed by the Second Anglo - Dutch War, between England and the Dutch Republic. In June 1665, New Amsterdam was reincorporated under English law as New York City, named after the Duke of York (later King James II). He was the brother of the English King Charles II, who had been granted the lands.", "title": "New Amsterdam" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Aistulf (also Ahistulf, Aistulfus, Haistulfus etc.; ; died December 756) was the Duke of Friuli from 744, King of Lombards from 749, and Duke of Spoleto from 751.", "title": "Aistulf" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "During 1951, George VI's health declined and Elizabeth frequently stood in for him at public events. When she toured Canada and visited President Harry S. Truman in Washington, D.C., in October 1951, her private secretary, Martin Charteris, carried a draft accession declaration in case the King died while she was on tour. In early 1952, Elizabeth and Philip set out for a tour of Australia and New Zealand by way of Kenya. On 6 February 1952, they had just returned to their Kenyan home, Sagana Lodge, after a night spent at Treetops Hotel, when word arrived of the death of the King and consequently Elizabeth's immediate accession to the throne. Philip broke the news to the new Queen. Martin Charteris asked her to choose a regnal name; she chose to remain Elizabeth, \"of course\". She was proclaimed queen throughout her realms and the royal party hastily returned to the United Kingdom. She and the Duke of Edinburgh moved into Buckingham Palace.", "title": "Elizabeth II" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Henrietta Butler, Viscountess Galmoye, previously Henrietta Waldegrave, Baroness Waldegrave (née Lady Henrietta FitzJames; 1667 – 3 April 1730), was an illegitimate daughter of James Stuart, Duke of York, subsequently King of England, Scotland and Ireland, by his mistress, Arabella Churchill (a sister of the first Duke of Marlborough). During her first marriage, she became Lady Waldegrave. Upon her second marriage, she became Viscountess Galmoye, as well as Countess of Newcastle (in the Jacobite Peerage).", "title": "Henrietta FitzJames" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Elizabeth was born in London to the Duke and Duchess of York, later King George VI and Queen Elizabeth, and was the elder of their two daughters. She was educated privately at home. Her father acceded to the throne on the abdication of his brother Edward VIII in 1936, from which time she was the heir presumptive. She began to undertake public duties during World War II, serving in the Auxiliary Territorial Service. In 1947, she married Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, with whom she has four children: Charles, Anne, Andrew, and Edward.", "title": "Elizabeth II" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "George Plantagenet, Duke of Clarence (21 October 144918 February 1478), KG, was a son of Richard Plantagenet, 3rd Duke of York, and Cecily Neville, and the brother of English Kings Edward IV and Richard III. He played an important role in the dynastic struggle between rival factions of the Plantagenets known as the Wars of the Roses.", "title": "George Plantagenet, 1st Duke of Clarence" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Duke and Duchess of York had two children: Elizabeth (called \"Lilibet\" by the family), and Margaret. The Duke and Duchess and their two daughters lived a relatively sheltered life at their London residence, 145 Piccadilly. They were a close and loving family. One of the few stirs arose when the Canadian Prime Minister, R. B. Bennett, considered the Duke for Governor General of Canada in 1931—a proposal that King George V rejected on the advice of the Secretary of State for Dominion Affairs, J. H. Thomas.", "title": "George VI" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The political turmoil continued. John began to explore an alliance with the French king Philip II, freshly returned from the crusade. John hoped to acquire Normandy, Anjou and the other lands in France held by Richard in exchange for allying himself with Philip. John was persuaded not to pursue an alliance by his mother. Longchamp, who had left England after Walter's intervention, now returned, and argued that he had been wrongly removed as justiciar. John intervened, suppressing Longchamp's claims in return for promises of support from the royal administration, including a reaffirmation of his position as heir to the throne. When Richard still did not return from the crusade, John began to assert that his brother was dead or otherwise permanently lost. Richard had in fact been captured en route to England by the Duke of Austria and was handed over to Emperor Henry VI, who held him for ransom. John seized the opportunity and went to Paris, where he formed an alliance with Philip. He agreed to set aside his wife, Isabella of Gloucester, and marry Philip's sister, Alys, in exchange for Philip's support. Fighting broke out in England between forces loyal to Richard and those being gathered by John. John's military position was weak and he agreed to a truce; in early 1194 the king finally returned to England, and John's remaining forces surrendered. John retreated to Normandy, where Richard finally found him later that year. Richard declared that his younger brother – despite being 27 years old – was merely \"a child who has had evil counsellors\" and forgave him, but removed his lands with the exception of Ireland.", "title": "John, King of England" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Thomas of Bayeux (died 1100) was Archbishop of York from 1070 until 1100. He was educated at Liège and became a royal chaplain to Duke William of Normandy, who later became King William I of England. After the Norman Conquest, the king nominated Thomas to succeed Ealdred as Archbishop of York. After Thomas' election, Lanfranc, Archbishop of Canterbury, demanded an oath from Thomas to obey him and any future Archbishops of Canterbury; this was part of Lanfranc's claim that Canterbury was the primary bishopric, and its holder the head of the English Church. Thomas countered that York had never made such an oath. As a result, Lanfranc refused to consecrate him. The King eventually persuaded Thomas to submit, but Thomas and Lanfranc continued to clash over ecclesiastical issues, including the primacy of Canterbury, which dioceses belonged to the province of York, and the question of how York's obedience to Canterbury would be expressed.", "title": "Thomas of Bayeux" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1664, an English naval expedition ordered by Prince James, Duke of York and of Albany (later King James II & VII) sailed in the harbor at New Amsterdam, threatening to attack. Being greatly outnumbered, Director - General Peter Stuyvesant surrendered after negotiating favorable articles of capitulation. The Province then took a new name, New York (from James's English title). Fort Orange was renamed Fort Albany (from James's Scottish title). The region between the lower Hudson and the Delaware was deeded to proprietors and called New Jersey.", "title": "Dutch colonization of the Americas" } ]

[ { "answer": "James II", "id": 1707, "paragraph_support_idx": 2, "question": "What was the regnal name of the Duke of York?", "raw_question": "What was the regnal name of the Duke of York?", "statement": "James II was the regnal name of the Duke of York." }, { "answer": "England", "id": 158293, "paragraph_support_idx": 0, "question": "What location did James II come back to?", "raw_question": "What location did #1 come back to?", "statement": "James II came back to England." }, { "answer": "1194", "id": 13993, "paragraph_support_idx": 17, "question": "When did the king return to England ?", "raw_question": "When did the king return to #2 ?", "statement": "The king returned to England in 1194." } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "William Brownell Golden (born October 9, 1948 in Boston, Massachusetts) is an American attorney and politician who represented the Norfolk and Plymouth district in the Massachusetts Senate from 1985–1991. He was a candidate for Lieutenant Governor of Massachusetts in 1990, but lost in the Democratic primary to Marjorie Clapprood.", "title": "William B. Golden" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Olin DeWitt Talmadge Johnston (November 18, 1896April 18, 1965) was a Democratic Party politician from the US state of South Carolina. He served as the 98th Governor of South Carolina, 1935–1939 and 1943–1945, and represented the state in the United States Senate from 1945 until his death from pneumonia in Columbia, South Carolina in 1965.", "title": "Olin D. Johnston" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The South Carolina Gamecocks baseball team represents the University of South Carolina in NCAA Division I college baseball. South Carolina has perennially been one of the best teams in college baseball since 1970, posting 31 NCAA Tournament appearances, 11 College World Series berths, 6 CWS Finals appearances and 2 National Championships: 2010 and 2011. Carolina is one of six schools in NCAA history to win back - to - back titles. Since joining the Southeastern Conference in 1992, the team has competed in the Eastern division. South Carolina owns a stellar 32 - 18 record at the CWS, holds the NCAA record for consecutive wins (22) in the national tournament and the longest win streak ever at the CWS (12 in a row from 2010 to 2012) in which the Gamecocks played for national titles all three years.", "title": "South Carolina Gamecocks baseball" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The following week, John Edwards won the South Carolina primary and finished a strong second in Oklahoma to Clark. Lieberman dropped out of the campaign the following day. Kerry dominated throughout February and his support quickly snowballed as he won caucuses and primaries, taking in a string of wins in Michigan, Washington, Maine, Tennessee, Washington, D.C., Nevada, Wisconsin, Utah, Hawaii, and Idaho. Clark and Dean dropped out during this time, leaving Edwards as the only real threat to Kerry. Kucinich and Sharpton continued to run despite poor results at the polls.", "title": "2004 United States presidential election" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Eight candidates qualified to appear on the ballot, and a ninth qualified as a write - in. The four major candidates were former Supervisor Angela Alioto, former Acting Mayor London Breed, Supervisor Jane Kim and former State Senator Mark Leno. All four main candidates identify as Democrats, though the position is officially nonpartisan per the Constitution of California. Leno conceded the race to Breed on June 13.", "title": "2018 San Francisco mayoral special election" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "South Carolina Highway 901 (SC 901) is a primary state highway in the U.S. state of South Carolina. It serves as a slower alternate rural route to Interstate 77 (I-77) and the western bypass of Rock Hill.", "title": "South Carolina Highway 901" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "A special election for the United States Senate in Alabama took place on December 12, 2017, to fill a vacancy in the Senate through the end of the term ending on January 3, 2021, arising from the resignation on February 8, 2017, of Jeff Sessions to serve as U.S. Attorney General. Democratic candidate Doug Jones defeated Republican candidate Roy Moore by a margin of 21,924 votes (1.7%). Jones is the first Democrat to win a U.S. Senate seat in the state since 1992.", "title": "2017 United States Senate special election in Alabama" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "In the 2004 Democratic presidential primaries, John Kerry defeated several Democratic rivals, including Sen. John Edwards (D-North Carolina.), former Vermont Governor Howard Dean and retired Army General Wesley Clark. His victory in the Iowa caucuses is widely believed to be the tipping point where Kerry revived his sagging campaign in New Hampshire and the February 3, 2004, primary states like Arizona, South Carolina and New Mexico. Kerry then went on to win landslide victories in Nevada and Wisconsin. Kerry thus won the Democratic nomination to run for President of the United States against incumbent George W. Bush. On July 6, 2004, he announced his selection of John Edwards as his running mate. Democratic strategist Bob Shrum, who was Kerry's 2004 campaign adviser, wrote an article in Time magazine claiming that after the election, Kerry had said that he wished he'd never picked Edwards, and that the two have since stopped speaking to each other. In a subsequent appearance on ABC's This Week, Kerry refused to respond to Shrum's allegation, calling it a \"ridiculous waste of time.\"", "title": "John Kerry" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jeopardy! is an American television game show. Its format is a quiz competition in which contestants are presented with general knowledge clues in the form of answers, and must phrase their responses in question form. Many contestants throughout the show's history have received significant media attention because of their success on Jeopardy!, particularly Brad Rutter, who has won the most money on the show, and Ken Jennings, who has the show's longest winning streak; Rutter and Jennings also hold the first - and second - place records respectively for most money ever won on American game shows. Other contestants went on to great accomplishments, including future U.S. senator and presidential candidate John McCain.", "title": "List of Jeopardy! contestants" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Late-May 1998 tornado outbreak and derecho was a historic tornado outbreak and derecho that began on the afternoon of May 30 and extended throughout May 31, 1998, across a large portion of the northern half of the United States and southern Ontario from southeastern Montana east and southeastward to the Atlantic Ocean. The initial tornado outbreak, including the devastating Spencer tornado, hit southeast South Dakota on the evening of May 30. The Spencer tornado was the most destructive and the second-deadliest tornado in South Dakota history. Eleven people were killed; 7 by tornadoes and 6 by the derecho. Over two million people lost electrical power, some for up to 10 days.", "title": "Late-May 1998 tornado outbreak and derecho" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 1950 South Carolina United States House of Representatives elections were held on November 7, 1950 to select six Representatives for two-year terms from the state of South Carolina. Four incumbents were re-elected, but Hugo S. Sims, Jr. of the 2nd congressional district and James Butler Hare of the 3rd congressional district were defeated in the Democratic primaries. The seats were retained by the Democrats and the composition of the state delegation remained solely Democratic.", "title": "1950 United States House of Representatives elections in South Carolina" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jeopardy! is an American television game show. Its format is a quiz competition in which contestants are presented with general knowledge clues in the form of answers, and must phrase their responses in question form. Many contestants throughout the show's history have received significant media attention because of their success on Jeopardy!, particularly Brad Rutter, who has won the most money on the show, and Ken Jennings, who has the show's longest winning streak; Rutter and Jennings also hold the first - and second - place records respectively for most money ever won on American game shows. Other contestants went on to great accomplishments, including former U.S. senator and presidential candidate, the late John McCain.", "title": "List of Jeopardy! contestants" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "While the state is far enough from the coast to avoid any direct impact from a hurricane, the location of the state makes it likely to be impacted from the remnants of tropical cyclones which weaken over land and can cause significant rainfall, such as Tropical Storm Chris in 1982 and Hurricane Opal in 1995. The state averages around 50 days of thunderstorms per year, some of which can be severe with large hail and damaging winds. Tornadoes are possible throughout the state, with West and Middle Tennessee the most vulnerable. Occasionally, strong or violent tornadoes occur, such as the devastating April 2011 tornadoes that killed 20 people in North Georgia and Southeast Tennessee. On average, the state has 15 tornadoes per year. Tornadoes in Tennessee can be severe, and Tennessee leads the nation in the percentage of total tornadoes which have fatalities. Winter storms are an occasional problem, such as the infamous Blizzard of 1993, although ice storms are a more likely occurrence. Fog is a persistent problem in parts of the state, especially in East Tennessee.", "title": "Tennessee" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "North Carolina averages fewer than 20 tornadoes per year, many of them produced by hurricanes or tropical storms along the coastal plain. Tornadoes from thunderstorms are a risk, especially in the eastern part of the state. The western Piedmont is often protected by the mountains, which tend to break up storms as they try to cross over; the storms will often re-form farther east. Also a weather phenomenon known as \"cold air damming\" often occurs in the northwestern part of the state, which can also weaken storms but can also lead to major ice events in winter.", "title": "North Carolina" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "February 1: Iowa caucus (both parties) February 9: New Hampshire primary (both parties) February 20: Nevada Democratic caucuses and South Carolina Republican primary February 23: Nevada Republican caucuses February 27: South Carolina Democratic primary March 1: Super Tuesday: Primaries / caucuses for both parties in several states", "title": "United States presidential primary" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The United States averaged 1,274 tornadoes per year in the last decade while Canada reports nearly 100 annually (largely in the southern regions). However, the UK has most tornadoes per area per year, 0.14 per 1000 km2, although these tornadoes are generally weak, and many other European countries have a similar number of tornadoes per area.", "title": "Tornado climatology" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Hermann Eisner was a member of the Wisconsin State Assembly from 1949 to 1950. He was an unsuccessful candidate for the Wisconsin State Senate in 1956 and in the Republican primary for the Assembly in 1958. Eisner was born on December 29, 1898 in Austria.", "title": "Hermann Eisner" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "William Nathan Harrell Smith (September 24, 1812 – November 14, 1889) was a United States Representative from North Carolina; born in Murfreesboro, North Carolina, September 24, 1812; attended the common schools in Murfreesboro, N.C., Kingston, Rhode Island, and Colchester, Connecticut and East Lyme, Connecticut; was graduated from Yale College in 1834 and from Yale Law School in 1836; was admitted to the bar and commenced practice in Murfreesboro, N.C., in 1839; held several local offices; was a member of the State house of commons in 1840, 1858, 1865, and 1866; served in the State senate in 1848; solicitor (prosecutor) of the first judicial district of North Carolina for eight years; elected as an Opposition Party candidate to the Thirty-sixth Congress (March 4, 1859 – March 3, 1861); unsuccessful candidate (backed by the American Party and many Democrats) for Speaker; served in the Confederate Congress 1862-1865; delegate to the Democratic National Convention at New York City in 1868; served as counsel for Governor W. W. Holden in his 1871 impeachment trial; chief justice of the North Carolina Supreme Court 1878-1889; died in Raleigh, North Carolina, November 14, 1889; interment in Historic Oakwood Cemetery.", "title": "William Nathan Harrell Smith" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Rocco M. Clarizio (December 17, 1916 – August 24, 1990) was an American Republican Party politician from Newark, New Jersey. He ran for the U.S. House of Representatives in 1964 and for the New Jersey State Senate in 1977, but lost both times in the Republican primary. In 1964, Clarizio became a candidate for Congress in New Jersey’s 10th district, seeking to challenge Democratic incumbent Peter W. Rodino. In a historic primary where he was the only white candidate, Clarizio finished third behind two Black Republicans, William L. Stubbs and Dr. Harold R. Scott. Stubbs, who became the first Black to win a major party nomination for Congressman from New Jersey, won 5,148 (63%) to 2,217 (26%) for Scott, with Clarizio finishing third with 892 votes (11%). In 1977, Clarizo sought the Republican nomination for State Senator in the 28th legislative district, where Democratic incumbent Martin L. Greenberg was seeking re-election to a second term. The GOP primary included three candidates, each aligned with a different candidate for the Republican nomination for Governor: Rev. James A. Pindar ran on a line with Assembly Minority Leader Thomas Kean; Joan Lacey Mazauskas ran with State Sen. Raymond Bateman, and Clarizio was allied with former Senate Minority Leader C. Robert Sarcone. Pindar defeated Mazauskas by just 207 votes, 1,482 (42.04%) to 1,275 (36.17%), while Clarizio ran a distant third with 768 votes (21.79%).", "title": "Rocco Clarizio" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jeopardy! is an American television game show. Its format is a quiz competition in which contestants are presented with general knowledge clues in the form of answers, and must phrase their responses in question form. Many contestants throughout the show's history have received significant media attention because of their success on Jeopardy!, particularly Brad Rutter, who has won the most money on the show, and Ken Jennings, who has the show's longest winning streak; Rutter and Jennings also hold the first and second place records respectively for most money ever won on American game shows. Other contestants went on to great accomplishments, including future U.S. senator and presidential candidate John McCain.", "title": "List of Jeopardy! contestants" } ]

[ { "answer": "John Edwards", "id": 29335, "paragraph_support_idx": 3, "question": "Which candidate went on to win the South Carolina primary?", "raw_question": "Which candidate went on to win the South Carolina primary?", "statement": "John Edwards was a senator in the state where there are a certain number of tornadoes per year." }, { "answer": "North Carolina", "id": 30907, "paragraph_support_idx": 7, "question": "Where was John Edwards a senator?", "raw_question": "Where was #1 a senator?", "statement": "John Edwards was a senator in North Carolina." }, { "answer": "fewer than 20", "id": 24534, "paragraph_support_idx": 13, "question": "How many tornadoes does North Carolina have per year?", "raw_question": "How many tornadoes does #2 have per year?", "statement": "North Carolina has fewer than 20 tornadoes per year." } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Wayne Township is one of nine townships in Hamilton County, Indiana, United States and serves as one of two townships within Noblesville, Indiana's jurisdiction. As of the 2010 census, its population was 7,886 and it contained 3,252 housing units, an increase from 2415 in 2000, as Noblesville continues to expand eastward and Fishers reaches its northern limits. In 2007, Noblesville officially opened one of the largest mixed use developments in the state, called the Noblesville Corporate Campus. A portion of the development is located within the township. When completed, it will include a large industrial/commercial park, several housing developments, hotels, greenspace and a large outdoor shopping center called Hamilton Town Center, being built by the Simon Property Group, headquartered in nearby Indianapolis.", "title": "Wayne Township, Hamilton County, Indiana" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "WQLN-FM (91.3 FM, \"Q-91.3 FM\") is a National Public Radio member station that serves the Erie, Pennsylvania, area of the United States. Its studios are located in Erie.", "title": "WQLN-FM" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Braddon (postcode: 2612) is an inner north suburb of Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia located adjacent to the Canberra CBD.", "title": "Braddon, Australian Capital Territory" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Arcadia is a town in Jackson Township, Hamilton County, Indiana, United States. The population was 1,666 at the 2010 census.", "title": "Arcadia, Indiana" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mount Franklin is a mountain with an elevation of in the Brindabella Ranges that is located on the border between the Australian Capital Territory and New South Wales, Australia. The summit of the mountain is located in the Australian Capital Territory.", "title": "Mount Franklin (Australian Capital Territory)" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The capital city, Washington, District of Columbia, is a federal district located on land donated by the state of Maryland. (Virginia had also donated land, but it was returned in 1849.) The United States also has overseas territories with varying levels of independence and organization: in the Caribbean the territories of Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands, and in the Pacific the inhabited territories of Guam, American Samoa, and the Northern Mariana Islands, along with a number of uninhabited island territories.", "title": "Geography of the United States" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Changa is a town in the Islamabad Capital Territory of Pakistan. It is located at 33° 19' 20N 73° 22' 55E with an altitude of 495 metres (1627 feet).", "title": "Changa, Pakistan" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Kingston Powerhouse is a disused power plant in Canberra, the capital of Australia. It is located in the suburb of Kingston, Australian Capital Territory.", "title": "Kingston Powerhouse" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "While many hospitals in Australia have the capability to treat burns, there are currently 13 designated burns units across Australia. Most states have one centre for adults and another for children; all units are located in a state/territorial capital city.", "title": "List of burn centres in Australia" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bageshwar is a town and a municipal board in Bageshwar district in the state of Uttarakhand, India. It is located at a distance of 470 km from the National Capital New Delhi and 332 km from the State Capital Dehradun. Bageshwar is known for its scenic beauty, Glaciers, Rivers and Temples. It is also the administrative headquarters of Bageshwar district.", "title": "Bageshwar" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Gudgenby River, a perennial river that is part of the Murrumbidgee catchment within the Murray-Darling basin, is located in the Australian Capital Territory, Australia.", "title": "Gudgenby River" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Wardville is a small unincorporated community in northern Atoka County, Oklahoma, United States, along State Highway 131 14 miles northeast of Coalgate, Oklahoma. The post office was established February 6, 1902 under the name Herbert, Oklahoma. Herbert was located in Atoka County, Choctaw Nation, a territorial-era entity which included portions of today's Atoka, Coal, Hughes and Pittsburg counties. The town was named after Herbert Ward, who was the youngest son of the towns first postmaster, Henry Pleasant Ward. The name of the town was changed to Wardville on July 18, 1907. Wardville was named for the before mentioned Henry Pleasant Ward, who served in the territorial House of Representatives and Senate and was an Atoka County judge. The Wardville Post Office closed in 2007.", "title": "Wardville, Oklahoma" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Orroral River, a perennial stream of the Murrumbidgee catchment within the Murray-Darling basin, is located in the Australian Capital Territory, Australia.", "title": "Orroral River" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Federal Capital Territory (FCT) was formed from New South Wales in 1911 to provide a location for the proposed new federal capital of Canberra (Melbourne was the seat of government from 1901 to 1927). The FCT was renamed the Australian Capital Territory (ACT) in 1938. The Northern Territory was transferred from the control of the South Australian government to the Commonwealth in 1911.", "title": "History of Australia" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "CJAQ-FM is a Canadian radio station, which broadcasts at 96.9 FM in Calgary, Alberta. The station uses the on-air brand name Jack FM. It is the second Jack FM station in Canada and the world, after its sister CJAX-FM in Vancouver. CJAQ's studios are located on 7th Avenue Southwest in downtown Calgary, while its transmitter is located on Patina Hill Drive Southwest in the Prominence Point neighbourhood in west Calgary.", "title": "CJAQ-FM" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "WJCF-FM (88.1 FM) is a radio station licensed to serve Morristown, Indiana, United States. The station is owned by New Beginnings Movement, Inc. The studios are in an 1880s home on Wood Street in Greenfield, Indiana.", "title": "WJCF-FM" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mareotis Fossae is a group of fossae (troughs) in the Arcadia quadrangle of Mars, located at 44° north latitude and 75.3° west longitude. It is about 1,860 km long and was named after an albedo feature at 32N, 96W.", "title": "Mareotis Fossae" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country.", "title": "Bogotá" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Tantalus Fossae is a group of troughs in the Arcadia quadrangle of Mars, located at 50.9° north latitude and 97.5° west longitude. They are about 2,400 km long and was named after an albedo feature at 35N, 110W. Troughs like this one are called fossae on Mars.", "title": "Tantalus Fossae" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Tempe Fossae are a group of troughs in the Arcadia quadrangle of Mars, located at 40.2° north latitude and 71.4° west longitude. They are about 2,000 km long and were named after an albedo feature at 40N, 70W.", "title": "Tempe Fossae" } ]

[ { "answer": "Indiana", "id": 130407, "paragraph_support_idx": 15, "question": "What is the name of the state where WJCF-FM is located?", "raw_question": "What is the name of the state where WJCF-FM is located?", "statement": "WJCF-FM is located in the state of Indiana." }, { "answer": "Hamilton County", "id": 832324, "paragraph_support_idx": 3, "question": "Arcadia, Indiana >> located in the administrative territorial entity", "raw_question": "Arcadia, #1 >> located in the administrative territorial entity", "statement": "Arcadia is located in Hamilton County." }, { "answer": "Noblesville", "id": 795274, "paragraph_support_idx": 0, "question": "Hamilton County >> capital", "raw_question": "#2 >> capital", "statement": "The capital of Hamilton County is Noblesville." } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Olsztyn Voivodeship () was an administrative division and unit of local government in Poland in the years 1945-75, and a new territorial division between 1975–1998, superseded by Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship. Its capital city was Olsztyn.", "title": "Olsztyn Voivodeship" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Kushk-e Khaleseh-ye Bala (, also Romanized as Kūshk-e Khāleşeh-ye Bālā and Kūshk-e Khāleseh Bālā; also known as Kūshk-e Bālā) is a village in Lajran Rural District, in the Central District of Garmsar County, Semnan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 692, in 200 families.", "title": "Kushk-e Khaleseh-ye Bala" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Abuja (/ əˈbuːdʒə /) is the capital city of Nigeria located in the centre of the country within the Federal Capital Territory (FCT). It is a planned city and was built mainly in the 1980s, replacing the country's most populous city of Lagos as the capital on 12 December 1991. Abuja's geography is defined by Aso Rock, a 400 - metre (1,300 ft) monolith left by water erosion. The Presidential Complex, National Assembly, Supreme Court and much of the city extend to the south of the rock. Zuma Rock, a 792 - metre (2,598 ft) monolith, lies just north of the city on the expressway to Kaduna.", "title": "Abuja" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Khabarovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It consists of two unconnected segments separated by the territory of Amursky District, which are located in the southwest of the krai. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Khabarovsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population:", "title": "Khabarovsky District" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Qaleh Ganj County () is a county in Kerman Province in Iran. The capital of the county is Qaleh Ganj. It was separated from Kahnuj County in 2005. At the 2006 census, the county's population was 69,008, in 14,649 families. The county is subdivided into two districts (bakhsh): the Central District (محمد آباد) and Chah Dadkhoda District. The county has one city: Qaleh Ganj.", "title": "Qaleh Ganj County" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country.", "title": "Bogotá" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bagong Silang Barangay Bagong Silang Coordinates: 14 ° 46 ′ 35 ''N 121 ° 2 ′ 42'' E  /  14.77639 ° N 121.04500 ° E  / 14.77639; 121.04500 Coordinates: 14 ° 46 ′ 35 ''N 121 ° 2 ′ 42'' E  /  14.77639 ° N 121.04500 ° E  / 14.77639; 121.04500 Country Philippines Region National Capital Region City Caloocan District 1st Legislative district of Caloocan Established 1971 Government Type Barangay Barangay Captain Joel Bacolod Population (2015) Total 246,515 Time zone PST (UTC + 8) Postal Code 1428 Area code (s) 02 - 8082722", "title": "Bagong Silang" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Colorado Territory was officially organized by Act of Congress on February 28, 1861, out of lands previously part of the Kansas, Nebraska, Utah, and New Mexico territories. Technically the territory was open to slavery under the Dred Scott Decision of 1857, but the question was rendered moot by the impending American Civil War and the majority pro-Union sentiment in the territory. The name \"Colorado\" was chosen for the territory. It had been previously suggested in 1850 by Senator Henry S. Foote as a name for a state to have been created out of present-day California south of 35° 45'. To the dismay of Denverites, the town of Colorado City was designated the first territorial capital, quickly succeeded by Golden. Denver eventually became the temporary territorial capital, but was not designated the permanent capital until 1881, five years after Colorado became a state.", "title": "Colorado Territory" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Masoud Daneshvar (, born 30 January 1988 in Shiraz, Fars, Iran) is an Iranian futsal player. He is a striker, and currently a member of \"Sadra Shiraz\" and the Iran national futsal team.", "title": "Masoud Daneshvar" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Baranya (, , / \"Baranja\", ) was an administrative county (comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory is now in southern Hungary (the present county Baranya) and northeastern Croatia (part of the Osijek-Baranja county). The capital of the county was Pécs.", "title": "Baranya County (former)" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mount Franklin is a mountain with an elevation of in the Brindabella Ranges that is located on the border between the Australian Capital Territory and New South Wales, Australia. The summit of the mountain is located in the Australian Capital Territory.", "title": "Mount Franklin (Australian Capital Territory)" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Shiraz, with a population of around 1.4 million (2011 census), is the sixth major city of Iran. It is the capital of Fars Province, and was also a former capital of Iran. The area was greatly influenced by the Babylonian civilization, and after the emergence of the ancient Persians, soon came to be known as Persis. Persians were present in the region since the 9th century BC, and became rulers of a large empire under the reign of the Achaemenid Dynasty in the 6th century BC. The ruins of Persepolis and Pasargadae, two of the four capitals of the Achaemenid Empire, are located around the modern-day city of Shiraz.", "title": "Iran" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Torontál (, , , ) was an administrative county (comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory is now in northern Serbia (eastern Vojvodina, except the small part near Belgrade, which is part of Belgrade Region), western Romania and southern Hungary. The capital of the county was Nagybecskerek (Serbian: , , ), the current Zrenjanin.", "title": "Torontál County" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Tehran is the country's capital and largest city, as well as its leading cultural and economic center. Iran is a major regional and middle power, exerting considerable influence in international energy security and the world economy through its large reserves of fossil fuels, which include the largest natural gas supply in the world and the fourth-largest proven oil reserves. Iran's rich cultural legacy is reflected in part by its 19 UNESCO World Heritage Sites, the fourth-largest number in Asia and 12th-largest in the world.", "title": "Iran" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Qeshlaq-e Qaleh Now-e Amlak (, also Romanized as Qeshlāq-e Qal‘eh Now-e Amlāk; also known as Qeshlāq-e Qal‘eh Now and Qeshlāq Qal‘eh) is a village in Ferunabad Rural District, in the Central District of Pakdasht County, Tehran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 407, in 89 families.", "title": "Qeshlaq-e Qaleh Now-e Amlak" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Qaleh Now-e Khaleseh (, also Romanized as Qal‘eh Now-e Khāleṣeh; also known as Qal‘eh Now, Qal‘eh Now-e Ghār, and Qal‘eh-ye Nowghār) is a village in Qaleh Now Rural District, Qaleh Now District, Ray County, Tehran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 4,718, in 1,195 families. The village is the seat of Qaleh Now District, established on 16 September 2012 and Qaleh Now Rural District.", "title": "Qaleh Now-e Khaleseh, Tehran" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Hafez was born in Shiraz, Iran. His parents were from Kazerun, Fars Province. Despite his profound effect on Persian life and culture and his enduring popularity and influence, few details of his life are known. Accounts of his early life rely upon traditional anecdotes. Early tazkiras (biographical sketches) mentioning Hafez are generally considered unreliable. At an early age, he memorized the Quran and was given the title of Hafez, which he later used as his pen name. The preface of his Divān, in which his early life is discussed, was written by an unknown contemporary whose name may have been Moḥammad Golandām. Two of the most highly regarded modern editions of Hafez's Divān are compiled by Moḥammad Ghazvini and Qāsem Ḡani (495 ghazals) and by Parviz Natel-Khanlari (486 ghazals).Modern scholars generally agree that Hafez was born either in 1315 or 1317. According to an account by Jami, Hafez died in 1390. Hafez was supported by patronage from several successive local regimes: Shah Abu Ishaq, who came to power while Hafez was in his teens; Timur at the end of his life; and even the strict ruler Shah Mubariz ud-Din Muhammad (Mubariz Muzaffar). Though his work flourished most under the 27-year rule of Jalal ud-Din Shah Shuja (Shah Shuja), it is claimed Hāfez briefly fell out of favor with Shah Shuja for mocking inferior poets (Shah Shuja wrote poetry himself and may have taken the comments personally), forcing Hāfez to flee from Shiraz to Isfahan and Yazd, but no historical evidence is available. He is said to have been in Timur's court, as Hafez wrote a ghazal whose verse says if this Turk accept his homage:", "title": "Hafez" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Uluru (Uluṟu) Ayers Rock Aerial view of Uluru Country Australia State Northern Territory Elevation 863 m (2,831 ft) Prominence 348 m (1,142 ft) Coordinates 25 ° 20 ′ 42 ''S 131 ° 02 ′ 10'' E  /  25.34500 ° S 131.03611 ° E  / - 25.34500; 131.03611 Coordinates: 25 ° 20 ′ 42 ''S 131 ° 02 ′ 10'' E  /  25.34500 ° S 131.03611 ° E  / - 25.34500; 131.03611 Geology arkose Orogeny Petermann UNESCO World Heritage Site Name Uluṟu -- Kata Tjuṯa National Park Year 1987 (# 11) Number 447 Criteria v, vi, vii, ix Location in Australia Wikimedia Commons: Uluru Website: www.environment.gov.au/", "title": "Uluru" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Shiraz ( (listen); Persian: شیراز‎, Šīrāz, [ʃiːˈrɒːz] (listen)) is the fifth-most-populous city of Iran and the capital of Fars Province (Old Persian as Pars). At the 2016 census, the population of the city was 1,869,001 and its built-up area with \"Shahr-e Jadid-e Sadra\" (Sadra New Town) was home to 1,565,572 inhabitants. Shiraz is located in the southwest of Iran on the \"Rudkhaneye Khoshk\" (The Dry River) seasonal river. It has a moderate climate and has been a regional trade center for over a thousand years. Shiraz is one of the oldest cities of ancient Persia.", "title": "Shiraz" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Eastern Bengal and Assam was an administrative subdivision (province) of the British Raj between 1905 and 1912. Headquartered in the city of Dacca, it covered territories in what are now Bangladesh, Northeast India and Northern West Bengal.", "title": "Eastern Bengal and Assam" } ]

[ { "answer": "Iran.", "id": 162189, "paragraph_support_idx": 16, "question": "What nation is Shiraz in?", "raw_question": "What nation is Shiraz in?", "statement": "Shiraz is in Iran." }, { "answer": "Tehran", "id": 35178, "paragraph_support_idx": 13, "question": "What city is Iran. 's capital?", "raw_question": "What city is #1 's capital?", "statement": "Iran's capital is Tehran." }, { "answer": "Qaleh Now Rural District", "id": 686699, "paragraph_support_idx": 15, "question": "Qaleh Now-e Khaleseh, Tehran >> located in the administrative territorial entity", "raw_question": "Qaleh Now-e Khaleseh, #2 >> located in the administrative territorial entity", "statement": "Qaleh Now-e Khaleseh, Tehran is located in the Qaleh Now Rural District." } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In what was to become a tradition, Clarkson performed the coronation song during the finale, and released the song immediately after the season ended. The single, \"A Moment Like This\", went on to break a 38-year-old record held by The Beatles for the biggest leap to number one on the Billboard Hot 100. Guarini did not release any song immediately after the show and remains the only runner-up not to do so. Both Clarkson and Guarini made a musical film, From Justin to Kelly, which was released in 2003 but was widely panned. Clarkson has since become the most successful Idol contestant internationally, with worldwide album sales of more than 23 million.", "title": "American Idol" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "American Idol is broadcast to over 100 nations outside of the United States. In most nations these are not live broadcasts and may be tape delayed by several days or weeks. In Canada, the first thirteen seasons of American Idol were aired live by CTV and/or CTV Two, in simulcast with Fox. CTV dropped Idol after its thirteenth season and in August 2014, Yes TV announced that it had picked up Canadian rights to American Idol beginning in its 2015 season.", "title": "American Idol" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The eighth season of American Idol premiered on January 13, 2009, and concluded on May 20, 2009. Judges Simon Cowell, Paula Abdul, and Randy Jackson continued to judge the show's contestants, along with Ryan Seacrest as host. The season introduced Kara DioGuardi as the fourth judge on the Idol panel. It was also Abdul's final season as a judge. Kris Allen, a native of Conway, Arkansas, was announced the winner of the competition on May 20, 2009, defeating runner - up Adam Lambert after nearly 100 million votes. This was the second season where both of the final two contestants had been in the bottom three or two at least once before the finale, with the first being season three.", "title": "American Idol (season 8)" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 2001, Fuller, Cowell, and TV producer Simon Jones attempted to sell the Pop Idol format to the United States, but the idea was met with poor response from United States television networks. However, Rupert Murdoch, head of Fox's parent company, was persuaded to buy the show by his daughter Elisabeth, who was a fan of the British show. The show was renamed American Idol: The Search for a Superstar and debuted in the summer of 2002. Cowell was initially offered the job as showrunner but refused; Lythgoe then took over that position. Much to Cowell's surprise, it became one of the hit shows for the summer that year. The show, with the personal engagement of the viewers with the contestants through voting, and the presence of the acid-tongued Cowell as a judge, grew into a phenomenon. By 2004, it had become the most-watched show in the U.S., a position it then held on for seven consecutive seasons.", "title": "American Idol" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "With the exception of seasons one and two, the contestants in the semifinals onwards perform in front of a studio audience. They perform with a full band in the finals. From season four to season nine, the American Idol band was led by Rickey Minor; from season ten onwards, Ray Chew. Assistance may also be given by vocal coaches and song arrangers, such as Michael Orland and Debra Byrd to contestants behind the scene. Starting with season seven, contestants may perform with a musical instrument from the Hollywood rounds onwards. In the first nine seasons, performances were usually aired live on Tuesday nights, followed by the results shows on Wednesdays in the United States and Canada, but moved to Wednesdays and Thursdays in season ten.", "title": "American Idol" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 2002, businessman Phil Bredesen was elected as the 48th governor. Also in 2002, Tennessee amended the state constitution to allow for the establishment of a lottery. Tennessee's Bob Corker was the only freshman Republican elected to the United States Senate in the 2006 midterm elections. The state constitution was amended to reject same-sex marriage. In January 2007, Ron Ramsey became the first Republican elected as Speaker of the State Senate since Reconstruction, as a result of the realignment of the Democratic and Republican parties in the South since the late 20th century, with Republicans now elected by conservative voters, who previously had supported Democrats.", "title": "Tennessee" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Winning the Eurovision Song Contest provides a unique opportunity for the winning artist (s) to capitalise on their success and surrounding publicity by launching or furthering their international career during their singing years. However, throughout the history of the contest, relatively few of these artists have gone on to be huge international stars. The most notable winning Eurovision artists whose career was directly launched into the spotlight following their win were the members of ABBA, who won the 1974 contest for Sweden with their song ``Waterloo ''. ABBA went on to be one of the most successful bands of its time. Another notable winner who subsequently achieved international fame and success was Céline Dion, who won the 1988 contest for Switzerland with the song`` Ne partez pas sans moi''.", "title": "List of Eurovision Song Contest winners" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "For five consecutive seasons, starting in season seven, the title was given to a white male who plays the guitar – a trend that Idol pundits call the \"White guy with guitar\" or \"WGWG\" factor. Just hours before the season eleven finale, where Phillip Phillips was named the winner, Richard Rushfield, author of the book American Idol: The Untold Story, said, \"You have this alliance between young girls and grandmas and they see it, not necessarily as a contest to create a pop star competing on the contemporary radio, but as .... who's the nicest guy in a popularity contest,\" he says, \"And that has led to this dynasty of four, and possibly now five, consecutive, affable, very nice, good-looking white boys.\"", "title": "American Idol" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The fifth season of reality television singing competition American Idol began on January 17, 2006, and concluded on May 24, 2006. Randy Jackson, Paula Abdul and Simon Cowell returned to judge, and Ryan Seacrest returned to host. It is the most successful season to date ratings-wise, and resulted in 18 contestants (including all of the top 10 and a few semifinalists) getting record deals -- nine of them with major labels. It was the first season with a male winner (Taylor Hicks) and a female runner - up (Katharine McPhee). It was also the first season of the series to be aired in high definition.", "title": "American Idol (season 5)" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Despite being eliminated earlier in the season, Chris Daughtry (as lead of the band Daughtry) became the most successful recording artist from this season. Other contestants, such as Hicks, McPhee, Bucky Covington, Mandisa, Kellie Pickler, and Elliott Yamin have had varying levels of success.", "title": "American Idol" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Steven J. Theriot, known as Steve Theriot (born September 21, 1946), is a Certified Public Accountant from Marrero in Jefferson Parish, Louisiana, USA, who served as his state's legislative auditor from 2004 to 2009 and as a Democratic member of the Louisiana House of Representatives from 1988 to 1996. Since 2015, he has been listed by the Louisiana Secretary of State as a Republican voter.", "title": "Steve Theriot" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In the general election on November 7, 2017, Democratic nominee Ralph Northam defeated Republican nominee Ed Gillespie, winning by the largest margin for a Democrat since 1985. Northam will become the 73rd governor of Virginia, and take office on January 13, 2018. The election had the highest voter turnout percentage in a Virginia gubernatorial election in twenty years with 47% of the state's constituency casting their ballot.", "title": "2017 Virginia gubernatorial election" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The eighth season of American Idol premiered on January 13, 2009, and concluded on May 20, 2009. Judges Simon Cowell, Paula Abdul, and Randy Jackson continued to judge the show's contestants, along with Ryan Seacrest as host. The season introduced Kara DioGuardi as the fourth judge on the Idol panel. It was also Abdul's final season as a judge. Kris Allen, a native of Conway, Arkansas, was announced the winner of the competition on May 20, 2009, defeating runner - up Adam Lambert after nearly 100 million votes. Kris Allen is the only married winner of the competition at the time of his victory. This was the second season where both of the final two contestants had been in the bottom three or two at least once before the finale, with the first being season three.", "title": "American Idol (season 8)" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ohio was won by Donald Trump by a margin of 8.1 points. Prior to the election, most news organizations considered the Buckeye State as leaning Republican, due to his appeal to blue collar voters in the rust belt. Ohio kept its streak of voting for the winner (a bellwether state) since 1964, as it voted for Trump, who won nationally. Having voted Democratic in 2012 and 2008, the win margin was the second largest of the states Trump flipped Red (after Iowa). It is also the largest victory margin since George H.W. Bush defeated Michael Dukakis in 1988. Ohio was an unprecedented 10 points more Republican - leaning than the nation in 2016.", "title": "2016 United States presidential election in Ohio" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "On May 25, 2011, after 122.4 million votes were cast for the finale (and nearly 750 million votes for the seasonal total), Scotty McCreery was crowned the winner of the tenth season of American Idol, making him the youngest male winner at 17 years and seven months old, and the second youngest winner ever behind season 6 winner Jordin Sparks. Season 10 was the first season where 11 contestants went on tour instead of 10. Eight contestants from this season were signed to record labels. The signed artists are Scotty McCreery, Lauren Alaina, Haley Reinhart, James Durbin, Casey Abrams, Stefano Langone, Pia Toscano and Naima Adedapo.", "title": "American Idol (season 10)" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In a reversal of alignments, since the late 1960s the Republican Party has grown more prominent within the state based on an influx of primarily white voters (the majority in the state) from the Democratic Party. By the mid-1990s, it became the state's dominant political party.", "title": "Politics of Texas" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "As one of the most successful shows on U.S. television history, American Idol has a strong impact not just on television, but also in the wider world of entertainment. It helped create a number of highly successful recording artists, such as Kelly Clarkson, Daughtry and Carrie Underwood, as well as others of varying notability.", "title": "American Idol" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "North Carolina's party loyalties have undergone a series of important shifts in the last few years: While the 2010 midterms saw Tar Heel voters elect a bicameral Republican majority legislature for the first time in over a century, North Carolina has also become a Southern swing state in presidential races. Since Southern Democrat Jimmy Carter's comfortable victory in the state in 1976, the state had consistently leaned Republican in presidential elections until Democrat Barack Obama narrowly won the state in 2008. In the 1990s, Democrat Bill Clinton came within a point of winning the state in 1992 and also only narrowly lost the state in 1996. In the early 2000s, Republican George W. Bush easily won the state by over 12 points, but by 2008, demographic shifts, population growth, and increased liberalization in heavily populated areas such as the Research Triangle, Charlotte, Greensboro, Winston-Salem, Fayetteville, and Asheville, propelled Barack Obama to victory in North Carolina, the first Democrat to win the state since 1976. In 2012, North Carolina was again considered a competitive swing state, with the Democrats even holding their 2012 Democratic National Convention in Charlotte. However, Republican Mitt Romney ultimately eked out a 2-point win in North Carolina, the only 2012 swing state that Obama lost, and one of only two states (along with Indiana) to flip from Obama in 2008 to the GOP in 2012.", "title": "North Carolina" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Since the show's inception in 2002, ten of the fourteen Idol winners, including its first five, have come from the Southern United States. A large number of other notable finalists during the series' run have also hailed from the American South, including Clay Aiken, Kellie Pickler, and Chris Daughtry, who are all from North Carolina. In 2012, an analysis of the 131 contestants who have appeared in the finals of all seasons of the show up to that point found that 48% have some connection to the Southern United States.", "title": "American Idol" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In the early 21st century, Republican voters control most of the state, especially in the more rural and suburban areas outside of the cities; Democratic strength is mostly confined to the urban cores of the four major cities, and is particularly strong in the cities of Nashville and Memphis. The latter area includes a large African-American population. Historically, Republicans had their greatest strength in East Tennessee before the 1960s. Tennessee's 1st and 2nd congressional districts, based in the Tri-Cities and Knoxville, respectively, are among the few historically Republican districts in the South. Those districts' residents supported the Union over the Confederacy during the Civil War; they identified with the GOP after the war and have stayed with that party ever since. The 1st has been in Republican hands continuously since 1881, and Republicans (or their antecedents) have held it for all but four years since 1859. The 2nd has been held continuously by Republicans or their antecedents since 1859.", "title": "Tennessee" } ]

[ { "answer": "Chris Daughtry", "id": 3157, "paragraph_support_idx": 9, "question": "Who was the most successful artist from this season?", "raw_question": "Who was the most successful artist from this season?", "statement": "This sub-question is incomplete, as it doesn't provide the season of American Idol." }, { "answer": "North Carolina", "id": 3356, "paragraph_support_idx": 18, "question": "What state is American Idol contestant Chris Daughtry from?", "raw_question": "What state is American Idol contestant #1 from?", "statement": "Chris Daughtry is from North Carolina." }, { "answer": "1976", "id": 24627, "paragraph_support_idx": 17, "question": "North Carolina voters have leaned republican since what year?", "raw_question": "#2 voters have leaned republican since what year?", "statement": "North Carolina voters have leaned Republican since 1976." } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Sophie de Condorcet (1764 in Meulan – 8 September 1822 in Paris), best known as Madame de Condorcet, was a prominent salon hostess from 1789 to the Reign of Terror, and again from 1799 until her death in 1822. She was the wife, then widow, of the mathematician and philosopher Nicolas de Condorcet, who died during the Reign of Terror. Despite his death, and the exile of her brother Marshal Emmanuel, Marquis de Grouchy between 1815 and 1821, she maintained her own identity and was well-connected and influential before, during, and after the French Revolution.", "title": "Sophie de Condorcet" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ruslan and Ludmila (pre-reform Russian: ; post-reform ) is a poem by Alexander Pushkin, published in 1820. It is written as an epic fairy tale consisting of a dedication (посвящение), six \"cantos\" (), and an epilogue (). It tells the story of the abduction of Ludmila, the daughter of Prince Vladimir of the Kievan Rus' (reigned 980–1015), by an evil wizard and the attempt by the brave knight Ruslan to find and rescue her.", "title": "Ruslan and Ludmila" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Scottish Reformation of 1560 decisively shaped the Church of Scotland. The Reformation in Scotland culminated ecclesiastically in the establishment of a church along Reformed lines, and politically in the triumph of English influence over that of France. John Knox is regarded as the leader of the Scottish Reformation. The Scottish Reformation Parliament of 1560 repudiated the pope's authority by the Papal Jurisdiction Act 1560, forbade the celebration of the Mass and approved a Protestant Confession of Faith. It was made possible by a revolution against French hegemony under the regime of the regent Mary of Guise, who had governed Scotland in the name of her absent daughter.", "title": "Protestantism" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Louis V (c. 966 – 21 May 987), also known as Louis the Do-Nothing (French: Louis le Fainéant), was the King of West Francia from 986 until his premature death a year later. During his reign, the nobility essentially ruled the country. Dying childless, he was the last monarch in the Carolingian line in West Francia.", "title": "Louis V of France" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The rule of law is the legal principle that law should govern a nation, as opposed to being governed by arbitrary decisions of individual government officials. It primarily refers to the influence and authority of law within society, particularly as a constraint upon behaviour, including behaviour of government officials. The phrase can be traced back to 16th century Britain, and in the following century the Scottish theologian Samuel Rutherford used the phrase in his argument against the divine right of kings. The rule of law was further popularized in the 19th century by British jurist A. V. Dicey. The concept, if not the phrase, was familiar to ancient philosophers such as Aristotle, who wrote \"Law should govern\".", "title": "Rule of law" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Presbyterian history is part of the history of Christianity, but the beginning of Presbyterianism as a distinct movement occurred during the 16th-century Protestant Reformation. As the Catholic Church resisted the reformers, several different theological movements splintered from the Church and bore different denominations. Presbyterianism was especially influenced by the French theologian John Calvin, who is credited with the development of Reformed theology, and the work of John Knox, a Scotsman who studied with Calvin in Geneva, Switzerland and brought his teachings back to Scotland. The Presbyterian church traces its ancestry back primarily to England and Scotland. In August 1560 the Parliament of Scotland adopted the Scots Confession as the creed of the Scottish Kingdom. In December 1560, the First Book of Discipline was published, outlining important doctrinal issues but also establishing regulations for church government, including the creation of ten ecclesiastical districts with appointed superintendents which later became known as presbyteries.", "title": "Presbyterianism" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "At the start of the 20th century, the Russian Empire was an autocracy controlled by the Tsar, with millions of the country's largely agrarian population living in abject poverty, and the anti-communist historian Robert Service noted, ``poverty and oppression constituted the best soil for Marxism to grow in ''. The man responsible for largely introducing the ideology into the country was Georgi Plekhanov, although the movement itself was largely organised by a man known as Vladimir Lenin, who had for a time been exiled to a prison camp in Siberia by the Tsarist government for his beliefs. A Marxist group known as the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party was formed in the country, although it soon divided into two main factions: the Bolsheviks led by Lenin and the Mensheviks led by Julius Martov. In 1905, there was a revolution against the Tsar's rule, in which workers' councils known as`` soviets'' were formed in many parts of the country and the Tsar was forced to implement democratic reform, introducing an elected government, the Duma.", "title": "History of communism" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Although a number of the East Jersey proprietors in England were Quakers and the governor through most of the 1680s was the leading Quaker Robert Barclay, the Quaker influence on government was not significant. Even the immigration instigated by Barclay was oriented toward promoting Scottish influence more than Quaker influence. In 1682 Barclay and the other Scottish proprietors began the development of Perth Amboy as the capital of the province. In 1687 James II permitted ships to be cleared at Perth Amboy.", "title": "East Jersey" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jean-Baptiste-Joseph Gobel (1 September 1727 – 13 April 1794) was a French Catholic cleric and politician of the Revolution. He was executed during the Reign of Terror.", "title": "Jean-Baptiste-Joseph Gobel" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Committee of Public Safety (French: Comité de salut public) -- created in April 1793 by the National Convention and then restructured in July 1793 -- formed the de facto executive government in France during the Reign of Terror (1793 -- 94), a stage of the French Revolution. The Committee of Public Safety succeeded the previous Committee of General Defence (established in January 1793) and assumed its role of protecting the newly established republic against foreign attacks and internal rebellion. As a wartime measure, the Committee -- composed at first of nine, and later of twelve, members -- was given broad supervisory powers over military, judicial, and legislative efforts. It was formed as an administrative body to supervise and expedite the work of the executive bodies of the Convention and of the government ministers appointed by the Convention. As the Committee tried to meet the dangers of a coalition of European nations and counter-revolutionary forces within the country, it became more and more powerful.", "title": "Committee of Public Safety" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Colonel Arturo Armando Molina Barraza (born August 6, 1927) is a former President of El Salvador. He was born in San Salvador. He served between July 1, 1972 and July 1, 1977. The 1973 oil crisis led to rising food prices and decreased agricultural output. This worsened the existent socioeconomic inequality in the country, leading to increased unrest. In response, Molina enacted a series of land reform measures, calling for large landholdings to be redistributed among the peasant population. The reforms failed, thanks to opposition from the landed elite, reinforcing the widespread discontent with the government.", "title": "Arturo Armando Molina" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The shortest - reigning monarch was Lady Jane Grey who ruled for 9 days from 6 July until 15 July 1553 (although she was only proclaimed queen by the Lords of the Council on 10 July). Note: Jane's reign is disputed.", "title": "List of British monarchy records" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jahangir (born Salim, reigned 1605 -- 1627) was born to Akbar and his wife Mariam - uz - Zamani, an Indian Rajput princess. Jahangir ruled the empire at its peak, but he was addicted to opium, neglected the affairs of the state, and came under the influence of rival court cliques. Shah Jahan (reigned 1628 -- 1658) was born to Jahangir and his wife Jagat Gosaini, a Rajput princess. During the reign of Shah Jahan, the culture and splendour of the luxurious Mughal court reached its zenith as exemplified by the Taj Mahal. The maintenance of the court, at this time, began to cost more than the revenue.", "title": "Mughal Empire" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Hébertists (), or Exaggerators () were a radical revolutionary political group associated with the populist journalist Jacques Hébert, a member of the Cordeliers club. They came to power during the Reign of Terror and played a significant role in the French Revolution.", "title": "Hébertists" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "During the French Revolution, Red became a symbol of liberty and personal freedom used by the Jacobins and other more radical parties. Many of them wore a red Phrygian cap, or liberty cap, modeled after the caps worn by freed slaves in Ancient Rome. During the height of the Reign of Terror, Women wearing red caps gathered around the guillotine to celebrate each execution. They were called the \"Furies of the guillotine\". The guillotines used during the Reign of Terror in 1792 and 1793 were painted red, or made of red wood. During the Reign of Terror a statue of a woman titled liberty, painted red, was placed in the square in front of the guillotine. After the end of the Reign of Terror, France went back to the blue, white and red tricolor, whose red was taken from the traditional color of Saint Denis, the Christian martyr and patron saint of Paris.", "title": "Red" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "His reign represented the start of a new era in Brunei. The discovery of oil changed the whole course of Brunei's history and enabled faster development in all sectors of the country. The expansion and improvement of formal education and his encouragement of religious education were some of his additional contributions to Brunei Darussalam.", "title": "Ahmad Tajuddin" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "André Antoine Bernard (21 June 1751 – 19 October 1818) called Bernard de Saintes, was a French lawyer and revolutionary, one of the Jacobins responsible for the Reign of Terror in the French Revolution.", "title": "André Antoine Bernard" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Louis XVI and the royal family were brought to Paris and made virtual prisoners within the Tuileries Palace. In 1793, as the revolution turned more and more radical, the king, queen, and the mayor were guillotined, along with more than 16,000 others (throughout France), during the Reign of Terror. The property of the aristocracy and the church was nationalised, and the city's churches were closed, sold or demolished. A succession of revolutionary factions ruled Paris until 9 November 1799 (coup d'état du 18 brumaire), when Napoléon Bonaparte seized power as First Consul.", "title": "Paris" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jean Sylvain Bailly (; 15 September 1736 – 12 November 1793) was a French astronomer, mathematician, freemason, and political leader of the early part of the French Revolution. He presided over the Tennis Court Oath, served as the mayor of Paris from 1789 to 1791, and was ultimately guillotined during the Reign of Terror.", "title": "Jean Sylvain Bailly" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "On 6 April the Committee of Public Safety was created, which gradually became the de facto war - time government.", "title": "Reign of Terror" } ]

[ { "answer": "France", "id": 37692, "paragraph_support_idx": 2, "question": "The Scottish Reformation decreased what country's influence?", "raw_question": "The Scottish Reformation decreased what country's influence?", "statement": "The Scottish Reformation decreased France's influence." }, { "answer": "the Committee of Public Safety", "id": 84298, "paragraph_support_idx": 19, "question": "who ruled France during the reign of terror", "raw_question": "who ruled #1 during the reign of terror", "statement": "The Committee of Public Safety ruled France during the Reign of Terror." }, { "answer": "April 1793", "id": 53741, "paragraph_support_idx": 9, "question": "when did the Committee of Public Safety start", "raw_question": "when did #2 start", "statement": "The Committee of Public Safety started in April 1793." } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The January daily average is 33.0 °F (0.6 °C), though, in a normal winter, the temperature frequently rises to 50 °F (10 °C) during thaws and dips to 10 °F (−12 °C) for 2 or 3 nights. July averages 78.1 °F (25.6 °C), although heat waves accompanied by high humidity and heat indices are frequent; highs reach or exceed 90 °F (32 °C) on 27 days of the year. The average window for freezing temperatures is November 6 thru April 2, allowing a growing season of 217 days. Early fall and late winter are generally dry; February's average of 2.64 inches (67 mm) makes it the area's driest month. The dewpoint in the summer averages between 59.1 °F (15 °C) to 64.5 °F (18 °C).", "title": "Philadelphia" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The climate of Islamabad has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen climate classifion, with five seasons: Winter (Nov − Feb), Spring (March − April), Summer (May − June), Rainy Monsoon (July − August) and Autumn (September − October). The hottest month is June, where average highs routinely exceed 38 ° C (100.4 ° F). The wettest month is July, with heavy rainfall and evening thunderstorms with the possibility of cloudburst. The coolest month is January, with temperatures variable by location. In Islamabad, temperatures vary from cold to mild, routinely dropping below zero. In the hills there is sparse snowfall. The weather ranges from a minimum of − 3.9 ° C (25.0 ° F) in January to a maximum of 46.1 ° C (115.0 ° F) in June. The average low is 2 ° C (35.6 ° F) in January, while the average high is 38.1 ° C (100.6 ° F) in June. The highest temperature recorded was 46.5 ° C (115.7 ° F) in June, while the lowest temperature was − 4 ° C (24.8 ° F) in January. On 23 July 2001, Islamabad received a record breaking 620 millimetres (24 in) of rain fell in just 10 hours. It was the heaviest rainfall in 24 hours in Islamabad and at any locality in Pakistan during the past 100 years. Following is the weather observed over Islamabad Airport, which is actually located in Rawalpindi.", "title": "Climate of Islamabad" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Istanbul's persistently high humidity reaches 80 percent most mornings. Because of this, fog is very common, although more so in northern parts of the city and away from the city center. Dense fog disrupts transportation in the region, including on the Bosphorus, and is common during the autumn and winter months when the humidity remains high into the afternoon. The humid conditions and the fog tend to dissipate by midday during the summer months, but the lingering humidity exacerbates the moderately high summer temperatures. During these summer months, high temperatures average around 29 °C (84 °F) and rainfall is uncommon; there are only about fifteen days with measurable precipitation between June and August. The summer months also have the highest concentration of thunderstorms.Winter is colder in Istanbul than in most other cities around the Mediterranean Basin, with low temperatures averaging 1–4 °C (34–39 °F). Lake-effect snow from the Black Sea is common, although difficult to forecast, with the potential to be heavy and—as with the fog—disruptive to the city's infrastructure. Spring and autumn are mild, but often wet and unpredictable; chilly winds from the northwest and warm gusts from the south—sometimes in the same day—tend to cause fluctuations in temperature. Overall, Istanbul has an annual average of 130 days with significant precipitation, which amounts to 810 millimeters (31.9 in) per year. The highest and lowest temperatures ever recorded in the city center on the Marmara coast are 40.5 °C (105 °F) and −16.1 °C (3 °F). The greatest rainfall recorded in a day is 227 millimeters (8.9 in), and the highest recorded snow cover is 80 centimeters (31 in).", "title": "Istanbul" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mean monthly temperatures range from around 53 F in January to 82 F in July. High temperatures average 64 to 92 °F (18 to 33 °C) throughout the year. High heat indices are common for the summer months in the area, with indices above 110 °F (43.3 °C) possible. The highest temperature recorded was 104 °F (40 °C) on July 11, 1879 and July 28, 1872. It is common for thunderstorms to erupt during a typical summer afternoon. These are caused by the rapid heating of the land relative to the water, combined with extremely high humidity.", "title": "Jacksonville, Florida" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Kopet-Dag mountain range is about 25 kilometres (16 mi) to the south, and Ashgabat's northern boundary touches the Kara-Kum desert. Because of this Ashgabat has a cold desert climate (Köppen climate classification: BWk) with hot, dry summers and cool, short winters. The average high temperature in July is 38.3 °C (100.9 °F). Nighttimes in the summer are warm, with an average minimum temperature in July of 23.8 °C (75 °F). The average January high temperature is 8.6 °C (47.5 °F), and the average low temperature is −0.4 °C (31.3 °F). The highest temperature ever recorded in Ashgabat is 47.2 °C (117 °F), recorded in June 2015. A low temperature of −24.1 °C (−11 °F) was recorded in January 1969. Snow is infrequent in the area. Annual precipitation is only 201 millimetres (7.91 in); March and April are the wettest months, and summer drought, from late June to September, is virtually absolute.", "title": "Ashgabat" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Celsius scale was based on 0 ° C for the freezing point of water and 100 ° C for the boiling point of water at 1 atm pressure following a change introduced in 1743 by Jean - Pierre Christin to reverse the Celsius thermometer scale (from water boiling at 0 degrees and ice melting at 100 degrees). This scale is widely taught in schools today. By international agreement the unit ``degree Celsius ''and the Celsius scale are currently defined by two different temperatures: absolute zero, and the triple point of Vienna Standard Mean Ocean Water (VSMOW), a specially purified water. This definition also precisely relates the Celsius scale to the Kelvin scale, which defines the SI base unit of thermodynamic temperature with symbol K. Absolute zero, the lowest temperature possible, is defined as being exactly 0 K and − 273.15 ° C. The temperature of the triple point of water is defined as exactly 273.16 K (0.01 ° C; 32.02 ° F).", "title": "Celsius" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Summers in the state are generally hot and humid, with most of the state averaging a high of around 90 °F (32 °C) during the summer months. Winters tend to be mild to cool, increasing in coolness at higher elevations. Generally, for areas outside the highest mountains, the average overnight lows are near freezing for most of the state. The highest recorded temperature is 113 °F (45 °C) at Perryville on August 9, 1930 while the lowest recorded temperature is −32 °F (−36 °C) at Mountain City on December 30, 1917.", "title": "Tennessee" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The \"Asama Hot Spring Center\", also known as the \"Hot Plaza Hall\", has a configuration typical of many Japanese onsen with separate areas for males and females; each area contains multiple indoor pools, saunas and two outdoor pools, one hot and one cold. The published temperature range of this onsen is 42-47 degrees Celsius.", "title": "Asama Onsen" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The city has an elevation of 382.2 m (1,254 feet). In a 1984 census the city's population was 17,320. Al Jawf receives almost no rain whatsoever, averaging only 2.5mm (.1 inch) per year. Summer high temperatures average above 37.8 °C (100 °F).", "title": "Al Jawf, Libya" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Due to the protection provided by the Central Mountain Range to the east and the Miaoli hills to the north, Taichung is rarely severely affected by typhoons. However, occasional typhoons emerging from the South China Sea can pose a threat to the city as evidenced by Typhoon Wayne in 1986, which struck the west coast of Taiwan near Taichung.Due to Taichung plain's strong radiative cooling effect, Taichung City is one of the few cities of Taiwan where the year round average daily low temperature falls below 20 degrees Celsius, with even most cities of northern Taiwan, such as Taipei and Keelung having an average low of over 20.5 degrees C.", "title": "Taichung" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Brachychiton collinus, the outcrop kurrajong, is a small deciduous tree found growing in some of the harshest climatic conditions in Australia. This small tree is commonly found between Cloncurry and Mount Isa in North-West Queensland, Australia. The North-West savannah zone of Queensland is characterised by very high summer temperatures of up to 50 degrees Celsius and an unpredictable monsoonal rainfall that may deliver the whole annual rainfall of some 50 cm overnight. This tree most often grows on rocky outcrops where little other scrub, grasses or other understory plants can survive. It is probable that this preference for bare rocky outcrops is a function of the tree's sensitivity to fire. Most brachychiton species do not survive a strong grass or brush fire.", "title": "Brachychiton collinus" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Palermo experiences a hot-summer Mediterranean climate (Köppen climate classification: Csa). Winters are cool and wet, while summers are hot and dry. Temperatures in autumn and spring are usually mild. Palermo is one of the warmest cities in Europe (mainly due to its warm nights), with an average annual air temperature of 18.5 °C (65.3 °F). It receives approximately 2,530 hours of sunshine per year. Snow is usually a rare occurrence, but it does occur occasionally if there is a cold front, as the Apennines are too distant to protect the island from cold winds blowing from the Balkans, and the mountains surrounding the city facilite the formation of snow accumulation in Palermo, especially at night. Between the 1940s and the 2000s there have been eleven times when considerable snowfall has occurred: In 1949, in 1956, when the minimum temperature went down to 0 °C (32 °F) and the city was blanketed by several centimeters of snow. Snow also occurred in 1999, 2009 and 2015. The average annual temperature of the sea is above 19 °C (66 °F); from 14 °C (57 °F) in February to 26 °C (79 °F) in August. In the period from May to November, the average sea temperature exceeds 18 °C (64 °F) and in the period from June to October, the average sea temperature exceeds 21 °C (70 °F).", "title": "Palermo" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Another example was the Met Office who, in 1962, started publishing temperatures in both Celsius and Fahrenheit, dropping the use of Fahrenheit from their official reports in 1970.", "title": "Metrication in the United Kingdom" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Lo-Fi is an American country band formed in Nashville, TN in 2013. led by singer/songwriter, Jamie Teachenor(vocals, piano, keyboards) and songwriter & producer, Joe West (guitars, vocals). Teachenor and West have both been independently successful in the music business, working with artists such as Justin Timberlake, Keith Urban, Luke Bryan, P. Diddy, Steve Earle, Trisha Yearwood, Tim McGraw, Emmylou Harris, Blake Shelton, Shakira, and many more, with combined sales of over 20 million albums. Their first public performance as Lo-Fi was on May 7, 2013, at the Historic Ryman Auditorium, as part of the sold out show, \"Honor Thy Song\", honoring late Nashville singer-songwriter and producer, Tim Johnson.", "title": "Lo-Fi (band)" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Hyderabad has a tropical wet and dry climate (Köppen Aw) bordering on a hot semi-arid climate (Köppen BSh). The annual mean temperature is 26.6 °C (79.9 °F); monthly mean temperatures are 21–33 °C (70–91 °F). Summers (March–June) are hot and humid, with average highs in the mid-to-high 30s Celsius; maximum temperatures often exceed 40 °C (104 °F) between April and June. The coolest temperatures occur in December and January, when the lowest temperature occasionally dips to 10 °C (50 °F). May is the hottest month, when daily temperatures range from 26 to 39 °C (79–102 °F); December, the coldest, has temperatures varying from 14.5 to 28 °C (57–82 °F).", "title": "Hyderabad" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The William R. Snodgrass Tennessee Tower (also known as the Tennessee Tower) is a skyscraper in downtown Nashville, Tennessee, that houses Tennessee government offices. The tower was built for the National Life and Accident Insurance Company and served as its National Life Center until the State of Tennessee acquired it on January 3, 1994. More than 1,000 state employees who had been assigned to numerous locations now work in the building.", "title": "William R. Snodgrass Tennessee Tower" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Paris has a typical Western European oceanic climate (Köppen climate classification: Cfb ) which is affected by the North Atlantic Current. The overall climate throughout the year is mild and moderately wet. Summer days are usually warm and pleasant with average temperatures hovering between 15 and 25 °C (59 and 77 °F), and a fair amount of sunshine. Each year, however, there are a few days where the temperature rises above 32 °C (90 °F). Some years have even witnessed long periods of harsh summer weather, such as the heat wave of 2003 when temperatures exceeded 30 °C (86 °F) for weeks, surged up to 40 °C (104 °F) on some days and seldom cooled down at night. More recently, the average temperature for July 2011 was 17.6 °C (63.7 °F), with an average minimum temperature of 12.9 °C (55.2 °F) and an average maximum temperature of 23.7 °C (74.7 °F).", "title": "Paris" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bethlehem has a Mediterranean climate, with hot and dry summers and mild, wetter winters. Winter temperatures (mid-December to mid-March) can be cool and rainy. January is the coldest month, with temperatures ranging from 1 to 13 degree Celsius (33–55 °F). From May through September, the weather is warm and sunny. August is the hottest month, with a high of 30 degrees Celsius (86 °F). Bethlehem receives an average of 700 millimeters (28 in) of rainfall annually, 70% between November and January.Bethlehem's average annual relative humidity is 60% and reaches its highest rates between January and February. Humidity levels are at their lowest in May. Night dew may occur in up to 180 days per year. The city is influenced by the Mediterranean Sea breeze that occurs around mid-day. However, Bethlehem is affected also by annual waves of hot, dry, sandy and dust Khamaseen winds from the Arabian Desert, during April, May and mid-June.", "title": "Bethlehem" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The island covers an area of 25 square kilometres (2,500 ha). The eastern side is wetter than the western. Although the climate is essentially arid, the rainfall does average 1000 mm annually, but with considerable variation over the terrain. Summer is from May to November, which is also the rainy season. Winter from December to April is the dry season. Sunshine is very prominent for nearly the entire year and even during the rainy season. Humidity, however, is not very high due to the winds. The average temperature is around 25 °C with day temperatures rising to 32 °C. The average high and low temperatures in January are 28 °C and 22 °C, respectively, while in July they are 30 °C and 24 °C. The lowest night temperature recorded is 13 °C. The Caribbean sea waters in the vicinity generally maintain a temperature of about 27 °C.", "title": "Saint Barthélemy" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Being located on the Atlantic coastline, Galicia has a very mild climate for the latitude and the marine influence affects most of the province to various degrees. In comparison to similar latitudes on the other side of the Atlantic, winters are exceptionally mild, with consistently heavy rainfall. Snow is rare due to temperatures rarely dropping below freezing. The warmest coastal station of Pontevedra has a yearly mean temperature of 14.8 °C (58.6 °F). Ourense located somewhat inland is only slightly warmer with 14.9 °C (58.8 °F). Due to its exposed north-westerly location, the climate is still very cool by Spanish standards. In coastal areas summers are temperered, averaging around 25 °C (77 °F) in Vigo. Temperatures are further cooler in A Coruña, with a subdued 22.8 °C (73.0 °F) normal. Temperatures do however soar in inland areas such as Ourense, where days above 30 °C (86 °F) are very regular.", "title": "Galicia (Spain)" } ]

[ { "answer": "Nashville", "id": 515576, "paragraph_support_idx": 13, "question": "Lo-Fi >> location of formation", "raw_question": "Lo-Fi >> location of formation", "statement": "Lo-Fi formed in Nashville." }, { "answer": "Tennessee", "id": 777020, "paragraph_support_idx": 15, "question": "Nashville >> capital of", "raw_question": "#1 >> capital of", "statement": "The capital of Tennessee is Nashville." }, { "answer": "32", "id": 31262, "paragraph_support_idx": 6, "question": "What is Tennessee 's average high temperature in degree Celsius during the summer?", "raw_question": "What is #2 's average high temperature in degree Celsius during the summer?", "statement": "Tennessee's average high temperature in degree Celsius during the summer is 32." } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The List of Florida hurricanes encompasses approximately 500 tropical or subtropical cyclones that affected the state of Florida. More storms hit Florida than any other U.S. state, and since 1851 only eighteen hurricane seasons passed without a known storm impacting the state. Collectively, cyclones that hit the region have resulted in over 10,000 deaths, most of which occurring prior to the start of Hurricane Hunters flights in 1943. Additionally, the cumulative impact from the storms totaled over $141 billion in damage (2017 USD), primarily from Hurricane Andrew and hurricanes in the 2004 and 2005 seasons.", "title": "List of Florida hurricanes" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "After Sandy exited Cuba, the structure became disorganized, and it turned to the north - northwest over the Bahamas. By October 27, Sandy was no longer fully tropical, and despite strong shear, it maintained convection due to influence from an approaching trough; the same trough turned the hurricane to the northeast. After briefly weakening to a tropical storm, Sandy re-intensified into a hurricane, and on October 28 an eye began redeveloping. The storm moved around an upper - level low over the eastern United States and also to the southwest of a ridge over Atlantic Canada, turning it to the northwest. Sandy briefly re-intensified to Category 2 intensity on the morning of October 29, around which time it had a wind diameter of over 1,150 miles (1,850 km), and a central pressure of 943 mb, which set records for many cities across the Northeastern United States for the lowest pressures ever observed. The convection diminished while the hurricane accelerated toward the New Jersey coast, and the hurricane was no longer tropical by 2100 UTC on October 29. About 2 / hours later, Sandy made landfall near Brigantine, New Jersey, with winds of 80 mph (130 km / h). During the next four days, Sandy's remnants drifted northward and then northeastward over Ontario, before merging with another low pressure area over Eastern Canada on November 2.", "title": "Hurricane Sandy" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Sandy City Bank, at 212 E. Main St. in Sandy, Utah, was built in 1907. It includes Late 19th and 20th Century Revivals and Italian Renaissance architecture. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1997.", "title": "Sandy City Bank" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Tampa Bay hurricane of 1921 (also known as the 1921 Tarpon Springs hurricane) is the most recent major hurricane to strike the Tampa Bay Area. The eleventh tropical cyclone, sixth tropical storm, and fifth hurricane of the season, the storm developed from a trough in the southwestern Caribbean Sea on October 20. Initially a tropical storm, the system moved northwestward and intensified into a hurricane on October 22 and a major hurricane by October 23. Later that day, the cyclone peaked as a Category 4 on the modern day Saffir -- Simpson scale with maximum sustained winds of 140 mph (220 km / h). After entering the Gulf of Mexico, the hurricane gradually curved northeastward and weakened to a Category 3 before making landfall near Tarpon Springs, Florida, late on October 25, becoming the first major hurricane to hit the area since a hurricane in 1848. The storm quickly weakened to a Category 1 hurricane while crossing Central Florida, before reaching the Atlantic Ocean early on the following day. Thereafter, system moved east - southeastward and remained fairly steady in intensity before weakening to a tropical storm late on October 29. The storm was then absorbed by a larger extratropical cyclone early the next day, with the remnants of the hurricane soon becoming indistinguishable.", "title": "1921 Tampa Bay hurricane" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bikini Barbershop (Also known as Bikini Barbershop: Jersey) is an American reality show on AXS TV featuring Jeff Wulkan, a man who runs a hair salon/barber shop in Long Branch, New Jersey called \"Bikini Barbers\". It mainly consists of female hair stylists, at work, wearing only bikinis. Following Hurricane Sandy, a drop in business forced the closure of the shop.", "title": "Bikini Barbershop" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Severe weather occurs regularly in North Carolina. On the average, a hurricane hits the state once a decade. Destructive hurricanes that have struck the state include Hurricane Fran, Hurricane Floyd, and Hurricane Hazel, the strongest storm to make landfall in the state, as a Category 4 in 1954. Hurricane Isabel stands out as the most damaging of the 21st century. Tropical storms arrive every 3 or 4 years. In addition, many hurricanes and tropical storms graze the state. In some years, several hurricanes or tropical storms can directly strike the state or brush across the coastal areas. Only Florida and Louisiana are hit by hurricanes more often. Although many people believe that hurricanes menace only coastal areas, the rare hurricane which moves inland quickly enough can cause severe damage; for example, in 1989, Hurricane Hugo caused heavy damage in Charlotte and even as far inland as the Blue Ridge Mountains in the northwestern part of the state. On the average, North Carolina has 50 days of thunderstorm activity per year, with some storms becoming severe enough to produce hail, flash floods, and damaging winds.", "title": "North Carolina" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Sandy Lake is an unincorporated community Native American village located in Turner Township, Aitkin County, Minnesota, United States. Its name in the Ojibwe language is \"Gaa-mitaawangaagamaag\", meaning \"Place of the Sandy-shored Lake\". The village is administrative center for the Sandy Lake Band of Mississippi Chippewa, though the administration of the Mille Lacs Indian Reservation, District II, is located in the nearby East Lake.", "title": "Sandy Lake, Minnesota" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Sandy developed from a tropical wave in the western Caribbean Sea on October 22, quickly strengthened, and was upgraded to Tropical Storm Sandy six hours later. Sandy moved slowly northward toward the Greater Antilles and gradually intensified. On October 24, Sandy became a hurricane, made landfall near Kingston, Jamaica, re-emerged a few hours later into the Caribbean Sea and strengthened into a Category 2 hurricane. On October 25, Sandy hit Cuba as a Category 3 hurricane, then weakened to a Category 1 hurricane. Early on October 26, Sandy moved through the Bahamas. On October 27, Sandy briefly weakened to a tropical storm and then restrengthened to a Category 1 hurricane. Early on October 29, Sandy curved west - northwest (the ``left turn ''or`` left hook'') and then moved ashore near Brigantine, New Jersey, just to the northeast of Atlantic City, as a post-tropical cyclone with hurricane - force winds.", "title": "Hurricane Sandy" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Hurricane Sandy Category 1 hurricane (SSHWS / NWS) Satellite image of Sandy at 4: 15 p.m. EDT on October 29 as it was about to make landfall on the Jersey Shore Formed October 28, 2012 (First rainbands begin to affect New Jersey) Dissipated November 2, 2012 (Dissipated as extratropical cyclone) (Extratropical after October 29) Highest winds 1 - minute sustained: 80 mph (130 km / h) Highest gust Gusts: 100 mph (155 km / h) Lowest pressure 945 mbar (hPa); 27.91 inHg Fatalities 53 total Damage $32 billion (2012 USD) (Estimated damage total) Areas affected New York, especially the New York metropolitan area Part of the 2012 Atlantic hurricane season Part of a series on Hurricane Sandy General Meteorological history Impact Greater Antilles United States Maryland and Washington, D.C. New Jersey New York New England Canada Other wikis Commons: Sandy images Wikinews: Sandy stories", "title": "Effects of Hurricane Sandy in New York" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Big Sandy is a census-designated place (CDP) located in McDowell County, West Virginia, United States. As of the 2010 census, its population is 168. The town's name comes from the Big Sandy River, a major tributary of the Ohio River which forms the boundary between West Virginia and Kentucky.", "title": "Big Sandy, West Virginia" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "What It Is is an album by American jazz pianist Mal Waldron recorded in 1981 and released by the Enja label.", "title": "What It Is (Mal Waldron album)" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jacksonville has suffered less damage from hurricanes than most other east coast cities, although the threat does exist for a direct hit by a major hurricane. The city has only received one direct hit from a hurricane since 1871; however, Jacksonville has experienced hurricane or near-hurricane conditions more than a dozen times due to storms crossing the state from the Gulf of Mexico to the Atlantic Ocean, or passing to the north or south in the Atlantic and brushing past the area. The strongest effect on Jacksonville was from Hurricane Dora in 1964, the only recorded storm to hit the First Coast with sustained hurricane-force winds. The eye crossed St. Augustine with winds that had just barely diminished to 110 mph (180 km/h), making it a strong Category 2 on the Saffir-Simpson Scale. Jacksonville also suffered damage from 2008's Tropical Storm Fay which crisscrossed the state, bringing parts of Jacksonville under darkness for four days. Similarly, four years prior to this, Jacksonville was inundated by Hurricane Frances and Hurricane Jeanne, which made landfall south of the area. These tropical cyclones were the costliest indirect hits to Jacksonville. Hurricane Floyd in 1999 caused damage mainly to Jacksonville Beach. During Floyd, the Jacksonville Beach pier was severely damaged, and later demolished. The rebuilt pier was later damaged by Fay, but not destroyed. Tropical Storm Bonnie would cause minor damage in 2004, spawning a minor tornado in the process. On May 28, 2012, Jacksonville was hit by Tropical Storm Beryl, packing winds up to 70 miles per hour (113 km/h) which made landfall near Jacksonville Beach.", "title": "Jacksonville, Florida" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "White City is a township and census-designated place in Salt Lake County, Utah, United States. The township is an enclave of the City of Sandy. The population was 5,407 at the 2010 census,", "title": "White City, Utah" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Super Quartet Live at Sweet Basil is a live album by jazz pianist Mal Waldron featuring soprano saxophonist Steve Lacy recorded at Sweet Basil in New York City in 1987 and released on the Japanese Paddle Wheel label.", "title": "The Super Quartet Live at Sweet Basil" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Hurricane Maria is regarded as being the worst natural disaster on record to affect Dominica and Puerto Rico, and is also the deadliest Atlantic hurricane since Hurricane Jeanne in 2004. The tenth-most intense Atlantic hurricane on record and the most intense tropical cyclone worldwide in 2017, Maria was the thirteenth named storm, eighth consecutive hurricane, fourth major hurricane, second Category 5 hurricane, and the deadliest storm of the hyperactive 2017 Atlantic hurricane season. At its peak, the hurricane caused catastrophic damage and numerous fatalities across the northeastern Caribbean, compounding recovery efforts in the areas of the Leeward Islands already struck by Hurricane Irma. Total losses from the hurricane are estimated at upwards of $91.61 billion (2017 USD), mostly in Puerto Rico, ranking it as the third - costliest tropical cyclone on record.", "title": "Hurricane Maria" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "August 25 -- 28, 2017 -- Hurricane Harvey hit the coast near Rockport as a Category 4 hurricane, producing extreme and unprecedented amounts of rainfall in the Houston Metropolitan area. It is the costliest hurricane worldwide with $198.6 billion in damages.", "title": "List of Texas hurricanes (1980–present)" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "October 29 -- 30, 2012: Hurricane Sandy crossed into Canada on October 29 through to early October 30, bringing heavy rain, high winds, and in some places, snow, to Ontario, Quebec and the Maritimes.", "title": "List of Canada hurricanes" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "September 10 -- 11 - Hurricane Irma makes landfall on Cudjoe Key as a Category 4 hurricane with sustained winds of 130 mph (215 km / h), then makes a second landfall on Marco Island with winds of 115 mph (185 km / h). It is the strongest hurricane in terms of windspeed to hit the state since Charley in 2004, and the most intense in terms of pressure since Andrew in 1992. Irma has killed at least 82 people in the state.", "title": "List of Florida hurricanes (2000–present)" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Miami 2017 (Seen the Lights Go Out on Broadway)\" is a song written and originally recorded by Billy Joel which appeared as the final song on his album \"Turnstiles\" in 1976. Several live performances of the song have been released. He performed this song at benefit concerts: The Concert for New York City for victims of the September 11 attacks in 2001, on the television program \"\" for Hurricane Sandy victims in 2012 and during his set at \"\". Joel has often tweaked the lyrics to the song at his live concerts, particularly at the \"Live at Shea\" and \"Coming Together\" concerts. On New Year's Eve, 2016, Joel performed at the BB&T Center in Sunrise, Florida, a city just north of Miami Dade County. At midnight, he crooned the traditional Auld Lang Syne and then immediately went into \"Miami 2017\". On the January 9, 2017 episode of \"The Late Show with Stephen Colbert\", Billy Joel performed the song with Stay Human, the show's house band.", "title": "Miami 2017 (Seen the Lights Go Out on Broadway)" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "On January 7, 2012, Beyoncé gave birth to her first child, a daughter, Blue Ivy Carter, at Lenox Hill Hospital in New York. Five months later, she performed for four nights at Revel Atlantic City's Ovation Hall to celebrate the resort's opening, her first performances since giving birth to Blue Ivy.", "title": "Beyoncé" } ]

[ { "answer": "Mal Waldron", "id": 326141, "paragraph_support_idx": 10, "question": "What It Is >> performer", "raw_question": "What It Is >> performer", "statement": "Mal Waldron performed \"What It Is\"." }, { "answer": "New York City", "id": 861630, "paragraph_support_idx": 13, "question": "Mal Waldron >> place of birth", "raw_question": "#1 >> place of birth", "statement": "Mal Waldron was born in New York City." }, { "answer": "October 28, 2012", "id": 87032, "paragraph_support_idx": 8, "question": "when did hurricane sandy hit New York City", "raw_question": "when did hurricane sandy hit #2", "statement": "Hurricane Sandy hit New York City on October 28, 2012." } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The city shares a 15-mile (24 km) border with Mexico that includes two border crossings. San Diego hosts the busiest international border crossing in the world, in the San Ysidro neighborhood at the San Ysidro Port of Entry. A second, primarily commercial border crossing operates in the Otay Mesa area; it is the largest commercial crossing on the California-Baja California border and handles the third-highest volume of trucks and dollar value of trade among all United States-Mexico land crossings.", "title": "San Diego" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "China shares international borders with 14 sovereign states. In addition, there is a 30 - km border with the special administrative region of Hong Kong, which was a British dependency before 1997, and a 3 km border with Macau, a Portuguese territory until 1999. With a land border of 22,117 kilometres (13,743 mi) in total it also has the longest land border of any country.", "title": "Borders of China" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Newport is a city in Lincoln County, Oregon, United States. It was incorporated in 1882, though the name dates back to the establishment of a post office in 1868. As of the 2010 census, the city had a total population of 9,989, an increase of nearly 5% over its 2000 population; as of 2013, it had an estimated population of 10,117.", "title": "Newport, Oregon" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Poovathani is a small village bordering Malappuram and Palakkad Districts in Kerala, India. It is shared by three grama panchayaths: Thachanattukara, Aliparamba] and Thazhekode.", "title": "Poovathani" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Toquima Range is a mountain range, located primarily in Nye County with a small extension into Lander County, in Nevada, United States. Most of the range is included within the Humboldt-Toiyabe National Forest. The range reaches a maximum elevation of 11,949 feet (3,642 m) at the southern summit of Mount Jefferson. From Hickison Summit on U.S. Route 50, the range runs for approximately 71 miles (115 km) to the south-southwest. To its west are Big Smoky Valley, scenic State Route 376, and the large Toiyabe Range. To the east are remote Monitor Valley and the Monitor Range. Lying to the south of the range are U.S. Route 6 (Nevada) and the community of Tonopah, while to the north is U.S. Route 50 (\"The Loneliest Highway in America\"), leading to the small community of Austin.", "title": "Toquima Range" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The county lies in southern Hungary, on the border with Croatia. The River Drava forms part of its southern border, and the River Danube its eastern border. It shares borders with the Hungarian counties Somogy, Tolna, and Bács-Kiskun. The capital of Baranya county is Pécs.", "title": "Baranya County" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Canada -- United States border (French: Frontière entre le Canada et les États - Unis), officially known as the International Boundary, is the longest international border in the world between two countries. It is shared between Canada and the United States, the second - and fourth - largest countries by area, respectively. The terrestrial boundary (including portions of maritime boundaries in the Great Lakes, and on the Atlantic, Pacific, and Arctic coasts) is 8,891 kilometres (5,525 mi) long, of which 2,475 kilometres (1,538 mi) is Canada's border with Alaska. Eight Canadian provinces and territories (Yukon, British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, and New Brunswick), and thirteen U.S. states (Alaska, Washington, Idaho, Montana, North Dakota, Minnesota, Michigan, Ohio, Pennsylvania, New York, Vermont, New Hampshire, and Maine) are located along the border.", "title": "Canada–United States border" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Canada -- United States border (French: Frontière entre le Canada et les États - Unis), officially known as the International Boundary (French: Frontière internationale), is the longest international border in the world between two countries. It is shared between Canada and the United States, the second - and fourth - largest countries by area, respectively. The terrestrial boundary (including portions of maritime boundaries in the Great Lakes, and on the Atlantic, Pacific, and Arctic coasts) is 8,891 kilometres (5,525 mi) long, of which 2,475 kilometres (1,538 mi) is Canada's border with Alaska. Eight Canadian provinces and territories (Yukon, British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, and New Brunswick), and thirteen U.S. states (Alaska, Washington, Idaho, Montana, North Dakota, Minnesota, Michigan, Ohio, Pennsylvania, New York, Vermont, New Hampshire, and Maine) are located along the border.", "title": "Canada–United States border" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Virginia is located in Lempira Honduras and shares a border with El Salvador. Many Virginians travel to El Salvador to do their shopping, because the Honduran cities are far away from Virginia.", "title": "Virginia, Lempira" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Kon Tum Province lies in the Central Highlands region of Vietnam and shares borders with Laos and Cambodia. It has an area of 9,934 square km and a population of approximately 530,000. The economy is primarily agricultural.", "title": "Kon Tum Province" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "North Crawley is a village and civil parish in the borough of Milton Keynes and ceremonial county of Buckinghamshire, England. It is located near the border with Bedfordshire, about three and a half miles east of Newport Pagnell.", "title": "North Crawley" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Latvia ( or ; , ), officially the Republic of Latvia (, ), is a country in the Baltic region of Northern Europe. Since its independence, Latvia has been referred to as one of the Baltic states. It is bordered by Estonia to the north, Lithuania to the south, Russia to the east, and Belarus to the southeast, and shares a maritime border with Sweden to the west. Latvia has 1,957,200 inhabitants and a territory of . The country has a temperate seasonal climate.", "title": "Latvia" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jimma Arjo is one of the woredas in the Oromia Region of Ethiopia. It shares the name of one of the subgroups of the Oromo people, the Jimma Arjo. Part of the Misraq Welega Zone, Jimma Arjo is bordered on the southwest by the Didessa River which separates it from the Illubabor Zone, on the northwest by Diga Leka, on the northeast by Guto Wayu, and on the southeast by Nunu Kumba. The administrative center of this woreda is Arjo.", "title": "Jimma Arjo" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Minsk Voivodeship (, , ) was a unit of administrative division and local government in Grand Duchy of Lithuania since 1566 and later in Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, until the partitions of the Commonwealth in 1793. Centred on the city of Minsk and subordinate to the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, the region continued the traditions – and shared the borders – of several previously existing units of administrative division, notably a separate Duchy of Minsk, annexed by Lithuania in the 13th century. It was replaced with Minsk Governorate in 1793.", "title": "Minsk Voivodeship" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Kingdom of Gera (1835 – 1887) was one of the kingdoms in the Gibe region of Ethiopia that emerged in the late 19th century. It shared its northern border with the Kingdom of Gumma, its eastern border with the Kingdom of Gomma, and was separated from the Kingdom of Kaffa to the south by the Gojeb River. With its capital at Chala (Cira), the Gera kingdom's territory corresponds approximately with the modern woreda of Gera.", "title": "Kingdom of Gera" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Adaba is one of the woredas in the Oromia Region of Ethiopia; it shares the name of its administrative center, Adaba. Part of the West Arsi Zone, Adaba is bordered on the southwest by Nensebo, on the west by Dodola, on the northwest by the Shabelle River which separates it from the Gedeb Asasa, and on the east and south by Bale Zone.", "title": "Adaba (woreda)" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mount Bosworth is located in the Canadian Rockies on the border of Alberta and British Columbia. The mountain is situated immediately northwest of Kicking Horse Pass and straddles the shared border of Banff National Park with Yoho National Park. It was named in 1903 after George Morris Bosworth, an executive and long-time employee of the Canadian Pacific Railway.", "title": "Mount Bosworth" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Halfpint Range is a low arcuate mountain range in eastern Nye County and extending into southwest Lincoln County, Nevada. The western portion of the range lies within the Nevada Test Site. Yucca Flat and Plutonium Valley lie to west and Frenchman Flat to the south. The Buried Hills, the Papoose Range and Papoose Lake lie to the east. French Peak () is at the south end and Banded Mountain () lies at the north end of the range.", "title": "Halfpint Range" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Amman Governorate has the largest population of the 12 governorates of Jordan. It borders Zarqa Governorate to the north and north east, the governorates of Balqa and Madaba to the west, Karak and Ma'an governorates to the south. It also shares an international border with Saudi Arabia from the east.", "title": "Amman Governorate" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The San Lucas AVA is an American Viticultural Area located in Monterey County, California. It is located at the southern end of Salinas Valley, shares an eastern border with the Chalone AVA, and is bordered on the west by the Santa Lucia Range foothills. The appellation has the largest diurnal temperature variation of any of California's AVAs. There is a current petition to designate the San Bernabe vineyard, located at the region's northern end, as its own AVA. The vineyard is currently the world's largest continuous vineyard.", "title": "San Lucas AVA" } ]

[ { "answer": "Lincoln County", "id": 500535, "paragraph_support_idx": 2, "question": "Newport >> located in the administrative territorial entity", "raw_question": "Newport >> located in the administrative territorial entity", "statement": "Newport is located in Lincoln County." }, { "answer": "Nye County", "id": 365852, "paragraph_support_idx": 17, "question": "Lincoln County >> shares border with", "raw_question": "#1 >> shares border with", "statement": "Lincoln County shares a border with Nye County." }, { "answer": "Lander County", "id": 307099, "paragraph_support_idx": 4, "question": "Nye County >> shares border with", "raw_question": "#2 >> shares border with", "statement": "Nye County shares a border with Lander County." } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Thirty-nine Native American tribal governments are based in Oklahoma, each holding limited powers within designated areas. While Indian reservations typical in most of the United States are not present in Oklahoma, tribal governments hold land granted during the Indian Territory era, but with limited jurisdiction and no control over state governing bodies such as municipalities and counties. Tribal governments are recognized by the United States as quasi-sovereign entities with executive, judicial, and legislative powers over tribal members and functions, but are subject to the authority of the United States Congress to revoke or withhold certain powers. The tribal governments are required to submit a constitution and any subsequent amendments to the United States Congress for approval.", "title": "Oklahoma" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The election of President and Vice President of the United States is an indirect election in which citizens of the United States who are registered to vote in one of the 50 U.S. states or in Washington, D.C. cast ballots not directly for those offices, but instead for members of the U.S. Electoral College, known as electors. These electors then in turn cast direct votes, known as electoral votes, for President, and for Vice President. The candidate who receives an absolute majority of electoral votes (at least 270 out of a total of 538, since the Twenty - Third Amendment granting voting rights to citizens of Washington, D.C.) is then elected to that office. If no candidate receives an absolute majority of the votes for President, the House of Representatives chooses the winner; if no one receives an absolute majority of the votes for Vice President, then the Senate chooses the winner.", "title": "United States presidential election" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Thomas Mundy Peterson (October 6, 1824 -- February 4, 1904) of Perth Amboy, New Jersey was the first African - American to vote in an election under the just - enacted provisions of the 15th Amendment to the United States Constitution. His vote was cast on March 31, 1870.", "title": "Thomas Mundy Peterson" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Federal law originates with the Constitution, which gives Congress the power to enact statutes for certain limited purposes like regulating interstate commerce. The United States Code is the official compilation and codification of the general and permanent federal statutes. Many statutes give executive branch agencies the power to create regulations, which are published in the Federal Register and codified into the Code of Federal Regulations. Regulations generally also carry the force of law under the Chevron doctrine. Many lawsuits turn on the meaning of a federal statute or regulation, and judicial interpretations of such meaning carry legal force under the principle of stare decisis.", "title": "Law of the United States" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In the United States Constitution, Article 1 Section I gives Congress only those ``legislative powers herein granted ''and proceeds to list those permissible actions in Article I Section 8, while Section 9 lists actions that are prohibited for Congress. The vesting clause in Article II places no limits on the Executive branch, simply stating that,`` The Executive Power shall be vested in a President of the United States of America.'' The Supreme Court holds ``The judicial Power ''according to Article III, and it established the implication of Judicial review in Marbury v. Madison under the Marshall court.", "title": "Separation of powers" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Congress has several powers related to war and the armed forces. Under the War Powers Clause, only Congress may declare war, but in several cases it has, without declaring war, granted the President the authority to engage in military conflicts. Five wars have been declared in United States' history: the War of 1812, the Mexican -- American War, the Spanish -- American War, World War I and World War II. Some historians argue that the legal doctrines and legislation passed during the operations against Pancho Villa constitute a sixth declaration of war. Congress may grant letters of marque and reprisal. Congress may establish and support the armed forces, but no appropriation made for the support of the army may be used for more than two years. This provision was inserted because the Framers feared the establishment of a standing army, beyond civilian control, during peacetime. Congress may regulate or call forth the state militias, but the states retain the authority to appoint officers and train personnel. Congress also has exclusive power to make rules and regulations governing the land and naval forces. Although the executive branch and the Pentagon have asserted an ever - increasing measure of involvement in this process, the U.S. Supreme Court has often reaffirmed Congress's exclusive hold on this power (e.g. Burns v. Wilson, 346 U.S. 137 (1953)). Congress used this power twice soon after World War II with the enactment of two statutes: the Uniform Code of Military Justice to improve the quality and fairness of courts martial and military justice, and the Federal Tort Claims Act which among other rights had allowed military service persons to sue for damages until the U.S. Supreme Court repealed that section of the statute in a divisive series of cases, known collectively as the Feres Doctrine.", "title": "Article One of the United States Constitution" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The authority and responsibilities of the president was similar to that of the President of the United States: to serve the people of Texas, and to serve as the head of the military and the state. These were detailed in the Constitution of the Republic of Texas of 1836. The Constitution specified a term of two years for the first elected president (Sam Houston) and terms of three years thereafter; the president could not succeed himself, but there were otherwise no term limits. The president was elected separately from the vice president, by popular vote, and there was no requirement to be native - born. A strict reading of the Constitution provided for women's suffrage (that is, both men and women were citizens and could vote for Congress, president, and other offices), but women and preachers or priests were not allowed to serve as president or in Congress. Indians and Africans and those of African descent could not be citizens.", "title": "President of the Republic of Texas" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Federal Reserve Act (ch. 6, 38 Stat. 251, enacted December 23, 1913, 12 U.S.C. § § 221 to 522) is an Act of Congress that created and established the Federal Reserve System (the central banking system of the United States), and which created the authority to issue Federal Reserve Notes (commonly known as the US Dollar) as legal tender. The Act was signed into law by President Woodrow Wilson.", "title": "Federal Reserve Act" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Powers given to enforce the act were initially weak, but were supplemented during later years. Congress asserted its authority to legislate under several different parts of the United States Constitution, principally its power to regulate interstate commerce under Article One (section 8), its duty to guarantee all citizens equal protection of the laws under the Fourteenth Amendment and its duty to protect voting rights under the Fifteenth Amendment. The Act was signed into law by President Lyndon B. Johnson on July 2, 1964, at the White House.", "title": "Civil Rights Act of 1964" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Since 1898, Puerto Rico has had limited representation in the Congress in the form of a Resident Commissioner, a nonvoting delegate. The 110th Congress returned the Commissioner's power to vote in the Committee of the Whole, but not on matters where the vote would represent a decisive participation. Puerto Rico has elections on the United States presidential primary or caucus of the Democratic Party and the Republican Party to select delegates to the respective parties' national conventions although presidential electors are not granted on the Electoral College. As American citizens, Puerto Ricans can vote in U.S. presidential elections, provided they reside in one of the 50 states or the District of Columbia and not in Puerto Rico itself.", "title": "51st state" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Under the Twelfth Amendment, the Senate has the power to elect the vice president if no vice presidential candidate receives a majority of votes in the Electoral College. The Twelfth Amendment requires the Senate to choose from the two candidates with the highest numbers of electoral votes. Electoral College deadlocks are rare. The Senate has only broken a deadlock once; in 1837, it elected Richard Mentor Johnson. The House elects the president if the Electoral College deadlocks on that choice.", "title": "United States Senate" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Section 1 is a vesting clause that bestows federal legislative power exclusively to Congress. Similar clauses are found in Articles II and III. The former confers executive power upon the President alone, and the latter grants judicial power solely to the federal judiciary. These three articles create a separation of powers among the three branches of the federal government. This separation of powers, by which each department may exercise only its own constitutional powers and no others, is fundamental to the idea of a limited government accountable to the people.", "title": "Article One of the United States Constitution" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Where Congress does not make great and sweeping delegations of its authority, the Supreme Court has been less stringent. One of the earliest cases involving the exact limits of non-delegation was Wayman v. Southard 23 U.S. (10 Wet.) 1, 42 (1825). Congress had delegated to the courts the power to prescribe judicial procedure; it was contended that Congress had thereby unconstitutionally clothed the judiciary with legislative powers. While Chief Justice John Marshall conceded that the determination of rules of procedure was a legislative function, he distinguished between \"important\" subjects and mere details. Marshall wrote that \"a general provision may be made, and power given to those who are to act under such general provisions, to fill up the details.\"", "title": "Separation of powers under the United States Constitution" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The United States presidential election of 1824 was the tenth quadrennial presidential election, held from Tuesday, October 26, to Thursday, December 2, 1824. In an election contested by four members of the Democratic - Republican Party, no candidate won a majority of the electoral vote, necessitating a contingent election in the House of Representatives under the provisions of the Twelfth Amendment to the United States Constitution. On February 9, 1825, the House of Representatives elected John Quincy Adams as president. The 1824 presidential election was the first election in which the winner of the election lost the popular vote.", "title": "1824 United States presidential election" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Constitution also gives Congress an important role in national defense, including the exclusive power to declare war, to raise and maintain the armed forces, and to make rules for the military. Some critics charge that the executive branch has usurped Congress's Constitutionally - defined task of declaring war. While historically presidents initiated the process for going to war, they asked for and received formal war declarations from Congress for the War of 1812, the Mexican -- American War, the Spanish -- American War, World War I, and World War II, although President Theodore Roosevelt's military move into Panama in 1903 did not get Congressional assent. Presidents have initiated war without Congressional war declarations; Truman called the Korean War a ``police action ''and the Vietnam War lasted over a decade without a declaration of war. In 1970, Time magazine noted:`` All told, it has been calculated, U.S. presidents have ordered troops into position or action without a formal congressional declaration a total of 149 times'' before 1970. In 1993, one writer noted ``Congress's war power has become the most flagrantly disregarded provision in the Constitution, ''and that the`` real erosion (of Congressional authority to declare war) began after World War II.'' President George H.W. Bush claimed he could begin Operation Desert Storm and launch a ``deliberate, unhurried, post -- Cold War decision to start a war ''without Congressional approval. Critics charge that President George W. Bush largely initiated the Iraq War with little debate in Congress or consultation with Congress, despite a Congressional vote on military force authorization. Disagreement about the extent of congressional versus presidential power regarding war has been present periodically throughout the nation's history.", "title": "Powers of the United States Congress" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Voting Rights Act of 1965 is a landmark piece of federal legislation in the United States that prohibits racial discrimination in voting. It was signed into law by President Lyndon B. Johnson during the height of the Civil Rights Movement on August 6, 1965, and Congress later amended the Act five times to expand its protections. Designed to enforce the voting rights guaranteed by the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments to the United States Constitution, the Act secured the right to vote for racial minorities throughout the country, especially in the South. According to the U.S. Department of Justice, the Act is considered to be the most effective piece of federal civil rights legislation ever enacted in the country.", "title": "Voting Rights Act of 1965" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "2018 elections in the United States will be held on Tuesday, November 6, 2018, except for certain special elections. All these races, regardless if it is for a federal, state, or local office, are being administered by the individual state and local governments instead of at the national or federal level. These midterm elections will take place in the middle of Republican President Donald Trump's first term. All 435 seats in the United States House of Representatives and 35 of the 100 seats in the United States Senate will be contested. In addition, 39 state and territorial governorships as well as numerous other state and local elections will also be contested.", "title": "2018 United States elections" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Although not specifically mentioned in the Constitution, Congress has also long asserted the power to investigate and the power to compel cooperation with an investigation. The Supreme Court has affirmed these powers as an implication of Congress's power to legislate. Since the power to investigate is an aspect of Congress's power to legislate, it is as broad as Congress's powers to legislate. However, it is also limited to inquiries that are ``in aid of the legislative function; ''Congress may not`` expose for the sake of exposure.'' It is uncontroversial that a proper subject of Congress's investigation power is the operations of the federal government, but Congress's ability to compel the submission of documents or testimony from the President or his subordinates is often - discussed and sometimes controversial (see executive privilege), although not often litigated. As a practical matter, the limitation of Congress's ability to investigate only for a proper purpose (``in aid of ''its legislative powers) functions as a limit on Congress's ability to investigate the private affairs of individual citizens; matters that simply demand action by another branch of government, without implicating an issue of public policy necessitating legislation by Congress, must be left to those branches due to the doctrine of separation of powers. The courts are highly deferential to Congress's exercise of its investigation powers, however. Congress has the power to investigate that which it could regulate, and the courts have interpreted Congress's regulatory powers broadly since the Great Depression.", "title": "Article One of the United States Constitution" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Voting Rights Act of 1965 is a landmark piece of federal legislation in the United States that prohibits racial discrimination in voting. It was signed into law by President Lyndon B. Johnson during the height of the Civil Rights Movement on August 6, 1965, and Congress later amended the Act five times to expand its protections. Designed to enforce the voting rights guaranteed by the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments to the United States Constitution, the Act secured voting rights for racial minorities throughout the country, especially in the South. According to the U.S. Department of Justice, the Act is considered to be the most effective piece of federal civil rights legislation ever enacted in the country.", "title": "Voting Rights Act of 1965" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Several twentieth-century presidents have attempted to greatly expand the power of the presidency. Theodore Roosevelt, for instance, claimed that the president was permitted to do whatever was not explicitly prohibited by the law—in direct contrast to his immediate successor, William Howard Taft. Franklin Delano Roosevelt held considerable power during the Great Depression. Congress had granted Franklin Roosevelt sweeping authority; in Panama Refining v. Ryan, the Court for the first time struck down a Congressional delegation of power as violative of the doctrine of separation of powers. The aforementioned Schechter Poultry Corp. v. United States, another separation of powers case, was also decided during Franklin Roosevelt's presidency. In response to many unfavorable Supreme Court decisions, Roosevelt introduced a \"Court Packing\" plan, under which more seats would be added to the Supreme Court for the president to fill. Such a plan (which was defeated in Congress) would have seriously undermined the judiciary's independence and power.", "title": "Separation of powers under the United States Constitution" } ]

[ { "answer": "the Constitution", "id": 20961, "paragraph_support_idx": 3, "question": "What gives Congress limited power to enact statutes?", "raw_question": "What gives Congress limited power to enact statutes?", "statement": "The Constitution gives Congress limited power to enact statutes." }, { "answer": "House of Representatives", "id": 87850, "paragraph_support_idx": 13, "question": "who was given authority under the the Constitution to choose the president in 1824", "raw_question": "who was given authority under the #1 to choose the president in 1824", "statement": "The House of Representatives was given authority under the Constitution to choose the president in 1824." }, { "answer": "Tuesday, November 6, 2018", "id": 49736, "paragraph_support_idx": 16, "question": "when do we vote for House of Representatives 2018", "raw_question": "when do we vote for #2 2018", "statement": "We vote for the House of Representatives on Tuesday, November 6, 2018." } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Indianola is a city in Warren County, Iowa, United States, 18 miles south of Des Moines, Iowa. The population was 14,782 at the 2010 census. It is the county seat of Warren County.", "title": "Indianola, Iowa" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Dallol is one of the woredas in the Afar Region of Ethiopia. This woreda is named for the former mining settlement of Dallol, which set the record for the hottest inhabited place on Earth, with an average temperature of 34° C. Located at the northernmost point of the Administrative Zone 2, Dallol's territory includes part of the Afar Depression. This woreda is bordered on the south by Koneba, on the west by the Tigray Region, on the north by Eritrea, and on the east and south by Berhale. Detailed information is not available for the settlements in this woreda.", "title": "Dallol (woreda)" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Birth of a Nation (originally called The Clansman) is an American silent epic drama film directed and co-produced by D. W. Griffith and starring Lillian Gish. The screenplay is adapted from the novel and play \"\", by Thomas Dixon Jr. Griffith co-wrote the screenplay with Frank E. Woods, and co-produced the film with Harry Aitken. It was released on February 8, 1915.", "title": "The Birth of a Nation" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Paea is a commune in the suburbs of Papeete in French Polynesia, an overseas territory of France in the southern Pacific Ocean. Paea is located on the island of Tahiti, in the administrative subdivision of the Windward Islands, themselves part of the Society Islands. At the 2017 census it had a population of 13,021.", "title": "Paea" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1949, the Territory and the Territory of New Guinea were established in an administrative union by the name of the Territory of Papua and New Guinea. That administrative union was renamed as Papua New Guinea in 1971. Notwithstanding that it was part of an administrative union, the Territory of Papua at all times retained a distinct legal status and identity; it was a Possession of the Crown whereas the Territory of New Guinea was initially a League of Nations mandate territory and subsequently a United Nations trust territory. This important legal and political distinction remained until the advent of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea in 1975.", "title": "Territory of Papua" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Vilnius County () is the largest of the 10 counties of Lithuania, located in the east of the country around the city Vilnius. On 1 July 2010, the county administration was abolished, and since that date, Vilnius County remains as the territorial and statistical unit.", "title": "Vilnius County" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Northern Land Council (NLC) is in the Top End of the Northern Territory of Australia. It has its origins in the struggle of Australian Aboriginal people for rights to fair wages and land. This included the strike and walk off by the Gurindji people at Wave Hill, cattle station in 1966. The head office is located in Darwin. It was established in 1973.", "title": "Northern Land Council" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country.", "title": "Bogotá" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "A Walk in the Woods Front cover of the American paperback edition. Author Bill Bryson Illustrator David Cook Country United States Language English Subject Appalachian Trail Publisher Broadway Books Publication date 4 May 1998 Media type Hardcover Pages 274 pp (first edition) ISBN 0 - 7679 - 0251 - 3 OCLC 37903447 Dewey Decimal 917.404 / 43 21 LC Class F106. B92 1998", "title": "A Walk in the Woods (book)" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The first season of The Walking Dead, an American post-apocalyptic horror television series on AMC, premiered on October 31, 2010, and concluded on December 5, 2010, consisting of 6 episodes. Developed for television by Frank Darabont, who wrote or co-wrote four of the season's six episodes and directed the pilot episode, ``Days Gone Bye '', the series is based on the eponymous series of comic books by Robert Kirkman, Tony Moore, and Charlie Adlard. It was executive produced by Darabont, Kirkman, David Alpert, Charles H. Eglee, and Gale Anne Hurd, with Darabont assuming the role of showrunner.", "title": "The Walking Dead (season 1)" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Biysky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai and borders with Zonalny, Tselinny, Soltonsky, Krasnogorsky, Sovetsky, and Smolensky Districts, as well as with the territory of the City of Biysk. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Biysk (which is not administratively a part of the district). District's population:", "title": "Biysky District" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Arafura Swamp is a large inland freshwater wetland in Arnhem Land, in the Top End of the Northern Territory of Australia. It is a near pristine floodplain with an area of that may expand to by the end of the wet season, making it the largest wooded swamp in the Northern Territory and, possibly, in Australia. It has a strong seasonal variation in depth of water. The area is of great cultural significance to the Yolngu people, in particular the Ramingining community. It was the filming location for the film \"Ten Canoes\".", "title": "Arafura Swamp" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Penasse is an unincorporated community in Angle Township, Lake of the Woods County, Minnesota, United States. Penasse is located on Penasse Island in Lake of the Woods, in the northern part of Northwest Angle. Its location makes it the northernmost populated place in the contiguous United States. The community was named for Tom Penasse, an American Indian from the area; it had a post office from 1920 to 1969. The French built Fort Saint Charles nearby in 1732.", "title": "Penasse, Minnesota" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Khabarovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It consists of two unconnected segments separated by the territory of Amursky District, which are located in the southwest of the krai. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Khabarovsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population:", "title": "Khabarovsky District" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Michael G. Bryson (August 22, 1942 – May 22, 2012) was a news and sports reporter and editor from Des Moines, Iowa and the elder brother of travel writer Bill Bryson. He co-authored a book \"The Babe Didn't Point: And Other Stories About Iowans and Sports\" with his son Michael G. Bryson Jr in 1989. He also wrote a book called \"The Twenty-Four-Inch Home Run\" in 1990. Bryson was an editor and associate publisher of the Sun Press Newspapers in Hawaii from 1979 to 1986. He covered the New York Mets in 1969 while a sports reporter for the Associated Press. He was a news reporter for the \"Des Moines Register and Tribune\" from 1970 to 1979. He attended Drake University.", "title": "Michael Bryson" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "British Togoland, officially the Mandate Territory of Togoland and later officially the Trust Territory of Togoland, was a territory in West Africa, under the administration of the United Kingdom. It was effectively formed in 1916 by the splitting of the German protectorate of Togoland into two territories, French Togoland and British Togoland, during the First World War. Initially, it was a League of Nations Class B mandate. In 1922, British Togoland was formally placed under British rule while French Togoland, now Togo, was placed under French rule.", "title": "British Togoland" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Life and Times of the Thunderbolt Kid is a 2006 memoir by best-selling travel writer Bill Bryson. The book delves into Bryson's past, telling of his youth growing up in Des Moines, Iowa, during the 1950s and early 1960s. It also reveals the backstory between himself and Stephen Katz, who appeared in \"A Walk in the Woods\" and \".\" Bryson also describes and comments on American life in the 1950s. The title of the book comes from an imaginary alter-ego Bryson invented for himself in his childhood, who has the ability to \"vaporise people.\"", "title": "The Life and Times of the Thunderbolt Kid" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "A Quiet Place is a 2018 American horror film directed by John Krasinski, who stars alongside Emily Blunt, his wife. The plot follows a family who must live life in silence while hiding from creatures which hunt exclusively by sound. The film is produced by Michael Bay's company, Platinum Dunes, which is also owned by Andrew Form and Bradley Fuller. The screenplay was written by Krasinski, Bryan Woods, and Scott Beck, based on a story by Woods and Beck. Beck and Woods began working on the story in 2013, and Paramount Pictures bought their spec script in 2017. Krasinski then joined as a director and wrote a new draft of the script. Principal photography took place later in the year in upstate New York.", "title": "A Quiet Place (film)" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Fridolin Arnault House is located in Wood-Ridge, Bergen County, New Jersey, United States. The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places on December 23, 2009. The Wood-Ridge Historical Society is headquartered in this house.", "title": "Fridolin Arnault House" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Walking Wounded is a collection of short stories written by William McIlvanney and published in 1989. Following a revival of interest in McIlvanney's writing, this book was reissued by Canongate Books in 2014.", "title": "Walking Wounded (short story collection)" } ]

[ { "answer": "Bill Bryson", "id": 63571, "paragraph_support_idx": 8, "question": "who wrote the book a walk in the woods", "raw_question": "who wrote the book a walk in the woods", "statement": "Bill Bryson wrote the book \"A Walk in the Woods\"." }, { "answer": "Des Moines", "id": 488956, "paragraph_support_idx": 14, "question": "Bill Bryson >> place of birth", "raw_question": "#1 >> place of birth", "statement": "Bill Bryson was born in Des Moines." }, { "answer": "Warren County", "id": 368521, "paragraph_support_idx": 0, "question": "Des Moines >> located in the administrative territorial entity", "raw_question": "#2 >> located in the administrative territorial entity", "statement": "Des Moines is located in Warren County." } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "However, not all highest courts are named as such. Civil law states do not tend to have singular highest courts. Additionally, the highest court in some jurisdictions is not named the \"Supreme Court\", for example, the High Court of Australia; this is because decisions by the High Court could formerly be appealed to the Privy Council. On the other hand, in some places the court named the \"Supreme Court\" is not in fact the highest court; examples include the New York Supreme Court, the Supreme Courts of several Canadian provinces/territories and the former Supreme Court of Judicature of England and Wales, which are all superseded by higher Courts of Appeal.", "title": "Supreme court" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Supreme Court of Puerto Rico — (TSPR)— is the highest court of Puerto Rico, having judicial authority to interpret and decide questions of Puerto Rican law. The Court is analogous to one of the state supreme courts of the states of the United States; being the Supreme Court of Puerto Rico the highest state court and the court of last resort in Puerto Rico. Article V of the Constitution of Puerto Rico vests the judicial power in the Supreme Court—which by its nature forms the judicial branch of the government of Puerto Rico. The Supreme Court holds its sessions in San Juan.", "title": "Supreme Court of Puerto Rico" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Elise Burgin (born March 5, 1962) is an American former tennis player. Her highest ranking was No. 22 in singles, and her highest world doubles ranking was No. 7.", "title": "Elise Burgin" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Supreme Court is the highest court in Ireland. It has authority to interpret the constitution, and strike down laws and activities of the state that it finds to be unconstitutional. It is also the highest authority in the interpretation of the law. Constitutionally it must have authority to interpret the constitution but its further appellate jurisdiction from lower courts is defined by law. The Irish Supreme Court consists of its presiding member, the Chief Justice, and seven other judges. Judges of the Supreme Court are appointed by the President in accordance with the binding advice of the Government. The Supreme Court sits in the Four Courts in Dublin.", "title": "Supreme court" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Israel has a three-tier court system. At the lowest level are magistrate courts, situated in most cities across the country. Above them are district courts, serving as both appellate courts and courts of first instance; they are situated in five of Israel's six districts. The third and highest tier is the Supreme Court, located in Jerusalem; it serves a dual role as the highest court of appeals and the High Court of Justice. In the latter role, the Supreme Court rules as a court of first instance, allowing individuals, both citizens and non-citizens, to petition against the decisions of state authorities. Although Israel supports the goals of the International Criminal Court, it has not ratified the Rome Statute, citing concerns about the ability of the court to remain free from political impartiality.", "title": "Israel" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "On February 17, 2010, the Court of Cassation, the highest court in France, ordered a re-trial of the five men.", "title": "Mourad Benchellali" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Love Must Be Tough is Eleanor McEvoy's seventh studio album. Unlike her previous six albums, which, with the exception of a few tracks, were written solely by McEvoy, \"Love Must Be Tough\" is a mixture of covers/interpretations and self-penned selections.", "title": "Love Must Be Tough" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Love Is a Battlefield ''is a song performed by Pat Benatar, and written by Holly Knight and Mike Chapman. It was released in September 1983 as a single from Benatar's live album Live from Earth, though the song itself was a studio recording. The song was ranked at number 30 in VH1's list of the 100 Greatest Songs of the 1980s.`` Love is a Battlefield'' went on to sell over a million records.", "title": "Love Is a Battlefield" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Sorcerer is a two-act comic opera, with a libretto by W. S. Gilbert and music by Arthur Sullivan. It was the British duo's third operatic collaboration. The plot of \"The Sorcerer\" is based on a Christmas story, \"An Elixir of Love\", that Gilbert wrote for \"The Graphic\" magazine in 1876. A young man, Alexis, is obsessed with idea of love levelling all ranks and social distinctions. To promote his beliefs, he invites the proprietor of J. W. Wells & Co., Family Sorcerers, to brew a love potion. This causes everyone in the village to fall in love with the first person they see and results in the pairing of comically mismatched couples. In the end, Wells must sacrifice his life to break the spell.", "title": "The Sorcerer" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The list below displays the top-ranked country from each year of the Human Development Index. Norway has been ranked the highest twelve times, Canada eight times, followed by Japan which has been ranked highest three times. Iceland has been ranked highest twice.", "title": "Human Development Index" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In Canada, the Supreme Court of Canada was established in 1875 but only became the highest court in the country in 1949 when the right of appeal to the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council was abolished. This court hears appeals of decisions made by courts of appeal from the provinces and territories and appeals of decisions made by the Federal Court of Appeal. The court's decisions are final and binding on the federal courts and the courts from all provinces and territories. The title \"Supreme\" can be confusing because, for example, The Supreme Court of British Columbia does not have the final say and controversial cases heard there often get appealed in higher courts - it is in fact one of the lower courts in such a process.", "title": "Supreme court" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "100 Proof is the third studio album by American country music artist Kellie Pickler. It was released on January 24, 2012. The album includes the single \"Tough\". The title track, was released exclusively on iTunes on December 20, 2011. The album sold 27,000 copies in the first week, and is the highest-charting album of Pickler's career on the \"Billboard\" 200 and the Digital Albums chart.", "title": "100 Proof (album)" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Attorney General for India is the Indian government's chief legal advisor, and its primary lawyer in the Supreme Court of India. He is appointed by the President of India under Article 76 (1) of the Constitution and holds office during the pleasure of the President. He must be a person qualified to be appointed as a Judge of the Supreme Court, also must have been a judge of some high court for five years or an advocate of some high court for ten years or an eminent jurist, in the opinion of the President and must be a citizen of India.", "title": "Attorney General of India" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Seasonal rankings (based on average total viewers per episode) of American Idol. It holds the distinction of having the longest winning streak in the Nielsen annual television ratings; it became the highest-rated of all television programs in the United States overall for an unprecedented seven consecutive years, or eight consecutive (and total) years when either its performance or result show was ranked number one overall.", "title": "American Idol" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "I'd Rather Go Blonde is the eighth album in a twenty-year career that has seen Eleanor McEvoy establish herself as one of Ireland's most accomplished singer / songwriters. The album features eleven new songs, nine of which were penned by McEvoy, one which was co-written with former Beautiful South man Dave Rotheray and, finally, there's a cover of \"Good Times\" by Sam Cooke.", "title": "I'd Rather Go Blonde" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Say You Love Me ''is a song by British singer Jessie Ware from her second studio album, Tough Love (2014). The song was released in the United Kingdom as a digital download on 28 September 2014 as the second single from the album. The song was written by Ware, Ed Sheeran, Benny Blanco and Ben Ash.", "title": "Say You Love Me (Jessie Ware song)" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ty Herndon is an American country music artist. His discography consists of six studio albums and 20 singles. Of his singles, three reached number 1 on the Hot Country Songs charts: \"What Mattered Most\", \"Living in a Moment\", and \"It Must Be Love\".", "title": "Ty Herndon discography" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Morris Pashman (September 27, 1912 – October 3, 1999) was an American Republican Party politician and attorney who served as Mayor of Passaic, New Jersey before spending 23 years as a judge, 10 of them on the New Jersey Supreme Court. On the state's highest court, he ruled the book \"Fanny Hill\" obscene and banned its publishing in the state, issued rulings in two major murder cases, advocated for the equal citizenship rights of the mentally handicapped and was one of the few dissenting votes objecting to the jailing of a reporter who refused to turn over his notes in a murder case.", "title": "Morris Pashman" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Liberia's highest judicial authority is the Supreme Court, made up of five members and headed by the Chief Justice of Liberia. Members are nominated to the court by the president and are confirmed by the Senate, serving until the age of 70. The judiciary is further divided into circuit and speciality courts, magistrate courts and justices of the peace. The judicial system is a blend of common law, based on Anglo-American law, and customary law. An informal system of traditional courts still exists within the rural areas of the country, with trial by ordeal remaining common despite being officially outlawed.", "title": "Liberia" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mario Victor \"Marvic\" F. Leonen (born December 29, 1962) is an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines. He is the second youngest to hold the said position since Manuel V. Moran in 1938. Prior to his stint in the country's highest court, he had served as chief peace negotiator of the Republic of the Philippines in the talks with the Moro Islamic Liberation Front.", "title": "Marvic Leonen" } ]

[ { "answer": "Eleanor McEvoy", "id": 364779, "paragraph_support_idx": 6, "question": "Love Must Be Tough >> performer", "raw_question": "Love Must Be Tough >> performer", "statement": "Eleanor McEvoy is the performer of the song \"Love Must Be Tough\"." }, { "answer": "Ireland", "id": 559792, "paragraph_support_idx": 14, "question": "Eleanor McEvoy >> country of citizenship", "raw_question": "#1 >> country of citizenship", "statement": "Eleanor McEvoy is a citizen of Ireland." }, { "answer": "The Supreme Court", "id": 25082, "paragraph_support_idx": 3, "question": "What is the highest ranking court in Ireland ?", "raw_question": "What is the highest ranking court in #2 ?", "statement": "The Supreme Court is the highest ranking court in Ireland." } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Heartland Village is a residential development located close to the geographic center of Staten Island, one of the five boroughs of New York City, USA. The name is also often used to denote the immediately surrounding area.", "title": "Heartland Village, Staten Island" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The next day, Higgins finds Eliza gone and searches for her, eventually finding her at his mother's house. Higgins attempts to talk Eliza into coming back to him. He becomes angered when Eliza announces that she is going to marry Freddy and become Karpathy's assistant. He makes his way home, stubbornly predicting that she will come crawling back. However, he comes to the realization that he has ``grown accustomed to her face. ''Henry returns to his study to lament his loneliness. As he listens to Eliza's recorded voice, she reappears in the doorway behind him, turning off the recording and saying in her old Cockney accent,`` I washed my hands and face before I come I did.'' Higgins looks surprised then pleased before asking for his slippers once more as Eliza smiles on behind him, leaving the audience to decide what happens next.", "title": "My Fair Lady (film)" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "British -- American relations, also referred to as Anglo - American relations, encompass many complex relations ranging from two early wars to competition for world markets. Since 1940 they have been close military allies enjoying the Special Relationship built as wartime allies, and NATO partners.", "title": "United Kingdom–United States relations" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "In 1664, Peter Stuyvesant, the Director-General of the colony of New Netherland, surrendered New Amsterdam to the English without bloodshed. The English promptly renamed the fledgling city \"New York\" after the Duke of York (later King James II).", "title": "New York City" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Studio 54 is a former nightclub and currently a Broadway theatre, located at 254 West 54th Street, between Eighth Avenue and Broadway in Midtown Manhattan, New York City. The building, originally built as the Gallo Opera House, opened in 1927, after which it changed names several times, eventually becoming CBS radio and television Studio 52.", "title": "Studio 54" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Ice skating was brought to Britain from the Netherlands, where James II was briefly exiled in the 17th century. When he returned to England, this 'new' sport was introduced to the British aristocracy, and was soon enjoyed by people from all walks of life.", "title": "Ice skating" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Alma is a town in Allegany County, New York, United States. The population was 842 at the 2010 census. The source of the town name is uncertain. It may come from the Latin word for \"nourishing\", or it may be named for a city in Germany.", "title": "Alma, New York" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Alexandra ``Ally ''Barone (154 episodes; played by Madylin Sweeten) -- Ray and Debra's only daughter. She is six years old at the beginning of the series, and is fourteen by the series finale. She was named for Romano's real - life daughter. In the beginning, she is somewhat mischievous and naughty much like her brothers, but becomes loyal and helpful by the end. However, she still occasionally fibs and answers back to her parents if she does n't get what she wants, such as a $250 silk dress which would only be worn once.", "title": "List of Everybody Loves Raymond characters" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Wardite was named for Henry Augustus Ward (1834–1906) of the University of Rochester in New York. It first described in 1896 for an occurrence in Clay Canyon, Fairfield, Utah County, Utah, US. Though rare it has been reported from many locations worldwide.", "title": "Wardite" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Marlborough is a town in Ulster County, New York, United States. The population was 8,808 at the 2010 census. The town was named after the Duke of Marlborough. The Town of Marlborough is in the southeast part of the county. U.S. Route 9W passes through the eastern part of the town. US Route 44 and NY 55 cross the northwest corner of the town.", "title": "Marlborough, New York" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "On the outbreak of the Second World War in September 1939, the Duke and Duchess were brought back to Britain by Louis Mountbatten on board HMS Kelly, and Edward, although an honorary field marshal, was made a major - general attached to the British Military Mission in France. In February 1940, the German ambassador in The Hague, Count Julius von Zech - Burkersroda, claimed that the Duke had leaked the Allied war plans for the defence of Belgium, which the Duke later denied. When Germany invaded the north of France in May 1940, the Windsors fled south, first to Biarritz, then in June to Spain. In July the pair moved to Portugal, where they lived at first in the home of Ricardo Espírito Santo, a Portuguese banker with both British and German contacts. Under the code name Operation Willi, Nazi agents, principally Walter Schellenberg, plotted unsuccessfully to persuade the Duke to leave Portugal and return to Spain, kidnapping him if necessary. Lord Caldecote wrote a warning to Winston Churchill: ``(the Duke) is well - known to be pro-Nazi and he may become a centre of intrigue. ''Churchill threatened the Duke with a court - martial if he did not return to British soil.", "title": "Edward VIII" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Chad Everett Dukes (born December 29, 1971 in Albany, New York) is a former American football running back in the National Football League for the Washington Redskins (1998–2000), San Diego Chargers (1998), St. Louis Rams (2000) and the Jacksonville Jaguars (2000) and played four games total in his NFL career (two for Jaguars, two for Skins). He played college football at the University of Pittsburgh. Dukes played on the Albany Firebirds (1998–1999) before his NFL career, the Colorado Crush (2004), the Manchester Wolves (2002–2003) and the Philadelphia Soul after his NFL career in the Arena Football League. Dukes won AFL Ironman of the year in 1998 when he was with the Firebirds. In 2004, he was a part of the 2004 Crush ArenaBowl XIX Championship team. In 2002, Dukes was named the defensive af2 Tough Man of the Year while playing for the Manchester Wolves in 2002.", "title": "Chad Dukes (American football)" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Così, based in Boston, Massachusetts, is a fast-casual restaurant chain that is known for its homemade flatbread. The name comes from the opera \"Così fan tutte\", which was a favorite of the original owner. The company has 66 locations in New York, Washington D.C., Virginia, Pennsylvania, Massachusetts, Connecticut, Wisconsin, Illinois, Indiana, Ohio, as well as Costa Rica.", "title": "Così (restaurant)" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The names for the nation of Greece and the Greek people differ from the names used in other languages, locations and cultures. Although the Greeks call the country Hellas or Ellada (Greek: Ἑλλάς or Ελλάδα) and its official name is the Hellenic Republic, in English it is referred to as Greece, which comes from the Latin term Graecia as used by the Romans, which literally means 'the land of the Greeks', and derives from the Greek name Γραικός. However, the name Hellas is sometimes used in English as well.", "title": "Greece" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Infiniti LE is a concept car developed by the Infiniti division of Nissan Motors and was revealed to the public at the 2012 New York Auto Show. The LE names comes from Luxury first and Electric second.", "title": "Infiniti LE" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Lancelot crashes a performance of the Camelot musical, starring Hugh Jackman and Alice Eve as King Arthur and Queen Guinevere, but Larry and the others chase him to the theatre roof, where the New York exhibits begin to die. Lancelot then sees that the quest was about them and gives the tablet back. The moonlight restores the tablet's power, saving the exhibits. They decide that Ahkmenrah and the tablet should stay with his parents, even if it means the New York exhibits will no longer come to life. Back in New York, Larry spends some final moments with his friends before sunrise.", "title": "Night at the Museum: Secret of the Tomb" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Now referred to as Dame Elizabeth Grey, she and the Duke of Buckingham (a former close ally of Richard III and now probably seeking the throne for himself) now allied themselves with Lady Margaret Stanley (née Beaufort) and espoused the cause of Margaret's son Henry Tudor, a great-great-great-grandson of King Edward III, the closest male heir of the Lancastrian claim to the throne with any degree of validity. To strengthen his claim and unite the two feuding noble houses, Elizabeth Woodville and Margaret Beaufort agreed that the latter's son should marry the former's eldest daughter, Elizabeth of York, who upon the death of her brothers became the heiress of the House of York. Henry Tudor agreed to this plan and in December 1483 publicly swore an oath to that effect in the cathedral in Rennes, France. A month earlier, an uprising in his favour, led by Buckingham, had been crushed.", "title": "Elizabeth Woodville" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Strome is a hamlet in east-central Alberta, Canada within Flagstaff County. It is located on Highway 13, approximately east of the City of Camrose. The hamlet was originally incorporated as a village on February 3, 1910. It dissolved to become a hamlet under the jurisdiction of Flagstaff County on January 1, 2016. Strome's name is believed to come from Stromeferry in Ross & Cromarty, Scotland.", "title": "Strome, Alberta" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "There are two different Bejan numbers (Be) used in the scientific domains of thermodynamics and fluid mechanics. Bejan numbers are named after Duke University professor Adrian Bejan.", "title": "Bejan number" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Battle of Grünberg (21 March 1761) was fought between French and allied Prussian and Hanoverian troops in the Seven Years' War at village of Grünberg, Hesse, near Stangenrod. The French, led by the duc de Broglie, inflicted a significant defeat on the allies, taking several thousand prisoners, and capturing 18 military standards. The allied loss prompted Duke Ferdinand of Brunswick to lift the Siege of Cassel and retreat.", "title": "Battle of Grünberg" } ]

[ { "answer": "James II", "id": 1707, "paragraph_support_idx": 3, "question": "What was the regnal name of the Duke of York?", "raw_question": "What was the regnal name of the Duke of York?", "statement": "The regnal name of the Duke of York was James II." }, { "answer": "England", "id": 158293, "paragraph_support_idx": 5, "question": "What location did James II come back to?", "raw_question": "What location did #1 come back to?", "statement": "James II came back to England." }, { "answer": "Since 1940", "id": 81260, "paragraph_support_idx": 2, "question": "when did the us and England become allies", "raw_question": "when did the us and #2 become allies", "statement": "The US and England became allies since 1940." } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Time for Loving (released in Italy as Sapore di mare) is a 1983 Italian comedy film directed by Carlo Vanzina. It obtained a great commercial success and launched a short-living subgenre of revival-nostalgic comedy films. It also generated a sequel, \"Sapore di mare 2 - Un anno dopo\". For her performance in this film Virna Lisi won a David di Donatello for Best Supporting Actress and a Silver Ribbon in the same category.", "title": "Time for Loving" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Erlanger Theatre was one of Philadelphia’s most elaborately designed live performance theaters and was considered one of the most magnificent ever built in the United States. It was located at the northwest corner of 21st and Market Streets in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and was built by Abraham L. Erlanger, theatrical producer and a founding member of the Theatrical Syndicate. It was demolished in 1978.", "title": "Erlanger Theatre" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "\"Hello Love\" is a 1974 single by Hank Snow. \"Hello Love\" was Snow's seventh and final number one on the U.S. country singles chart, and his first number one in twelve years. The single stayed at number one for a single week and spent a total of ten weeks on the chart.", "title": "Hello Love (song)" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The town of Nashville was founded by James Robertson, John Donelson, and a party of Overmountain Men in 1779, near the original Cumberland settlement of Fort Nashborough. It was named for Francis Nash, the American Revolutionary War hero. Nashville quickly grew because of its strategic location, accessibility as a port on the Cumberland River, a tributary of the Ohio River; and its later status as a major railroad center. By 1800, the city had 345 residents, including 136 African American slaves and 14 free blacks. In 1806, Nashville was incorporated as a city and became the county seat of Davidson County, Tennessee. In 1843, the city was named the permanent capital of the state of Tennessee.", "title": "Nashville, Tennessee" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Will to Love\" is a song written by Neil Young that was first released on his 1977 album \"American Stars 'N Bars\". A promotional single of \"Will to Love\" was released, backed with a live performance of \"Cortez the Killer.\"", "title": "Will to Love" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Parthenon (/ ˈpɑːrθəˌnɒn, - nən /; Ancient Greek: Παρθενών; Greek: Παρθενώνας, Parthenónas) is a former temple, on the Athenian Acropolis, Greece, dedicated to the goddess Athena, whom the people of Athens considered their patron. Construction began in 447 BC when the Athenian Empire was at the peak of its power. It was completed in 438 BC although decoration of the building continued until 432 BC. It is the most important surviving building of Classical Greece, generally considered the zenith of the Doric order. Its decorative sculptures are considered some of the high points of Greek art. The Parthenon is regarded as an enduring symbol of Ancient Greece, Athenian democracy and Western civilization, and one of the world's greatest cultural monuments. To the Athenians who built it, the Parthenon and other Periclean monuments of the Acropolis, were seen fundamentally as a celebration of Hellenic victory over the Persian invaders and as a thanksgiving to the gods for that victory. The Greek Ministry of Culture is currently carrying out a programme of selective restoration and reconstruction to ensure the stability of the partially ruined structure.", "title": "Parthenon" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Your Love Is a Song\" was written and recorded by the alternative rock band Switchfoot. It was first released as a single to the iTunes Store in Australia, and became the third radio single from the band's seventh studio album, \"Hello Hurricane\".", "title": "Your Love Is a Song" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Tennessee's major industries include agriculture, manufacturing, and tourism. Poultry, soybeans, and cattle are the state's primary agricultural products, and major manufacturing exports include chemicals, transportation equipment, and electrical equipment. The Great Smoky Mountains National Park, the nation's most visited national park, is headquartered in the eastern part of the state, and a section of the Appalachian Trail roughly follows the Tennessee-North Carolina border. Other major tourist attractions include the Tennessee Aquarium in Chattanooga; Dollywood in Pigeon Forge; the Parthenon, the Country Music Hall of Fame and Museum, and Ryman Auditorium in Nashville; the Jack Daniel's Distillery in Lynchburg; and Elvis Presley's Graceland residence and tomb, the Memphis Zoo, and the National Civil Rights Museum in Memphis.", "title": "Tennessee" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Olympian Village is a city in Jefferson County, Missouri, United States. The population was 774 at the 2010 census. The city was named in honor of Greek myth and culture. Some street names include Parthenon Drive, Kronos Drive, Hercules Place, Plato Place and Pheidippides Place.", "title": "Olympian Village, Missouri" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Snow moved to Nashville, Tennessee, in 1949, and \"Hank Snow, the Singing Ranger\" (modified from his earlier nickname, the Yodeling Ranger), began recording for RCA Victor in the United States in 1949. His first release in the United States, \"Marriage Vow\" climbed to number ten on the country charts in the fall of 1949; However, it wasn't until he was invited to play at the Grand Ole Opry in 1950 that he gained serious significance in the United States. His second release in early 1950, \"I'm Moving On\" was the first of seven number 1 hits on the country charts. \"I'm Moving On\" stayed at the top for 21 weeks, setting the all-time record for most weeks at number 1.", "title": "Hank Snow" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "At This Moment is the debut album of American country music artist Neal McCoy, released in 1990 on Atlantic Records Nashville. \"If I Built You a Fire\", \"Hillbilly Blue\" and \"This Time I Hurt Her More Than She Loves Me\" were all released as singles from this album. Although \"Hillbilly Blue\" did not chart, the other two singles both entered the lower regions of the Hot Country Songs charts. \"If I Built You a Fire\" was a Top 20 country hit in Canada as well.", "title": "At This Moment (album)" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Hello It's Me ''is a song composed, recorded, and performed by Todd Rundgren. Released as a single in September 1973, it reached no. 5 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart.", "title": "Hello It's Me" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Private Lives of Nashville Wives is an American reality television series that premiered on February 24, 2014, and aired on TNT. The series revolves around the social circle of six women who reside in Nashville, Tennessee.", "title": "Private Lives of Nashville Wives" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Cornell wrote ``Say Hello 2 Heaven ''as a tribute to his roommate, Mother Love Bone vocalist Andrew Wood, who at the time had recently died of a heroin overdose.", "title": "Say Hello 2 Heaven" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Love Is a Battlefield ''is a song performed by Pat Benatar, and written by Holly Knight and Mike Chapman. It was released in September 1983 as a single from Benatar's live album Live from Earth, though the song itself was a studio recording. The song was ranked at number 30 in VH1's list of the 100 Greatest Songs of the 1980s.`` Love is a Battlefield'' went on to sell over a million records.", "title": "Love Is a Battlefield" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Notes of Love (, , also known as \"The Word Love Exists\" and \"Love Notes\") is a 1998 Italian-French romance film directed by Mimmo Calopresti. For her performance Valeria Bruni Tedeschi won the David di Donatello Award for best actress. The film also won the Nastro d'Argento for best script and the Ciak d'oro for best supporting actress (to Marina Confalone).", "title": "Notes of Love" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Love Survives is the third studio CD from the Nashville-based band Brother Henry. \"Love Survives\" was not released on the Double Deal Brand Records Label. Instead it was released in June 2007 by the band for free download on the internet with a higher quality CD available for purchase.", "title": "Love Survives (album)" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Kentucky Bluebird is a compilation album by American country music singer Keith Whitley. His first posthumous album, it was released via RCA Records Nashville in September 1991. The album consists of four previously released songs, re-orchestrated demos, and other previously unreleased songs, as well as snippets from live performances that predate his professional music career.", "title": "Kentucky Bluebird" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Parthenon in Centennial Park, Nashville, Tennessee is a full - scale replica of the original Parthenon in Athens. It was designed by Confederate veteran William Crawford Smith and built in 1897 as part of the Tennessee Centennial Exposition.", "title": "Parthenon (Nashville)" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Hello, I'm Your Aunt! () is a Soviet 1975 comedy directed by Viktor Titov and is loosely based on the play \"Charley's Aunt\" by Brandon Thomas. Produced by T/O Ekran. The film was an immense hit; many lines of dialogue (for example \"I am an old soldier and don't know words of love\") subsequently became catch phrases themselves.", "title": "Hello, I'm Your Aunt!" } ]

[ { "answer": "Hank Snow", "id": 709382, "paragraph_support_idx": 2, "question": "Hello Love >> performer", "raw_question": "Hello Love >> performer", "statement": "Hank Snow performed the song Hello Love." }, { "answer": "Tennessee", "id": 146811, "paragraph_support_idx": 9, "question": "What city did Hank Snow live when he died?", "raw_question": "What city did #1 live when he died?", "statement": "Hank Snow lived in Tennessee when he died." }, { "answer": "1897", "id": 58046, "paragraph_support_idx": 18, "question": "when was the parthenon in nashville Tennessee built", "raw_question": "when was the parthenon in nashville #2 built", "statement": "The Parthenon in Nashville, Tennessee was built in 1897." } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Minsk Voivodeship (, , ) was a unit of administrative division and local government in Grand Duchy of Lithuania since 1566 and later in Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, until the partitions of the Commonwealth in 1793. Centred on the city of Minsk and subordinate to the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, the region continued the traditions – and shared the borders – of several previously existing units of administrative division, notably a separate Duchy of Minsk, annexed by Lithuania in the 13th century. It was replaced with Minsk Governorate in 1793.", "title": "Minsk Voivodeship" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Northern Territory (abbreviated as NT) is a federal Australian territory in the central and central northern regions of Australia. It shares borders with Western Australia to the west (129th meridian east), South Australia to the south (26th parallel south), and Queensland to the east (138th meridian east). To the north, the territory is bordered by the Timor Sea, the Arafura Sea and the Gulf of Carpentaria. Despite its large area -- over 1,349,129 square kilometres (520,902 sq mi), making it the third largest Australian federal division -- it is sparsely populated. The Northern Territory's population of 244,000 (2016) makes it the least populous of Australia's eight major states and territories, having fewer than half as many people as Tasmania.", "title": "Northern Territory" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mount Franklin is a mountain with an elevation of in the Brindabella Ranges that is located on the border between the Australian Capital Territory and New South Wales, Australia. The summit of the mountain is located in the Australian Capital Territory.", "title": "Mount Franklin (Australian Capital Territory)" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Tatra County () is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Lesser Poland Voivodeship, southern Poland, on the Slovak border. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and only town is Zakopane, which lies south of the regional capital Kraków. The county takes its name from the Tatra mountain range, which covers most of its territory.", "title": "Tatra County" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Potter County Courthouse is the primary government building of Potter County, Pennsylvania, United States. Located in the Coudersport Historic District in the Potter county seat of Coudersport, it was added the National Register of Historic Places on February 24, 1975. The courthouse is a Greek Revival structure with some Victorian elements blended into it.", "title": "Potter County Courthouse (Pennsylvania)" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Kingston is a town in Ulster County, New York, United States. The Town of Kingston is in the northeast part of Ulster County, north of the City of Kingston. Kingston is inside the Catskill Park. The population was 889 at the 2010 census.", "title": "Kingston (town), New York" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Gerald R. Ford Birthsite and Gardens in Omaha, Nebraska marks the location of the house at 3202 Woolworth Avenue where U.S. President Gerald R. Ford lived for a couple of weeks after his birth in July 1913. It was the home of his paternal grandparents, Charles Henry and Martha King.", "title": "Gerald R. Ford Birthsite and Gardens" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Biblioteca Ayacucho (\"Ayacucho Library\") is an editorial entity of the government of Venezuela, founded on September 10, 1974. It is managed by the \"Fundación Biblioteca Ayacucho\". Its name, \"Ayacucho\", comes from the intention to honor the definitive and crucial Battle of Ayacucho that took place December 9, 1824 between Spain and the territories of the Americas, prior to the full independence of the continent.", "title": "Biblioteca Ayacucho" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Biysky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai and borders with Zonalny, Tselinny, Soltonsky, Krasnogorsky, Sovetsky, and Smolensky Districts, as well as with the territory of the City of Biysk. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Biysk (which is not administratively a part of the district). District's population:", "title": "Biysky District" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "China shares international borders with 14 sovereign states. In addition, there is a 30 - km border with the special administrative region of Hong Kong, which was a British dependency before 1997, and a 3 km border with Macau, a Portuguese territory until 1999. With a land border of 22,117 kilometres (13,743 mi) in total it also has the longest land border of any country.", "title": "Borders of China" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Pidkamin (, ) is an urban-type settlement in Brody Raion (district), Lviv oblast in Ukraine. It is located near the administrative border of three oblasts, Lviv, Rivne, and Ternopil. Population:", "title": "Pidkamin" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The hamlet of Chichester, New York, formerly referred to as Chichesterville, is one of the northernmost communities in the town of Shandaken, New York, being right next to the borderline between Ulster County and Greene County.", "title": "Chichester, New York" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The John F. Kennedy Space Center (KSC, originally known as the NASA Launch Operations Center) is one of ten National Aeronautics and Space Administration field centers. Since December 1968, the KSC has been NASA's primary launch center of human spaceflight. Launch operations for the Apollo, Skylab and Space Shuttle programs were carried out from Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39 and managed by KSC. Located on the east coast of Florida, KSC is adjacent to Cape Canaveral Air Force Station (CCAFS). The management of the two entities work very closely together, share resources, and even own facilities on each other's property.", "title": "Kennedy Space Center" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Active in the early 1920s, F.C.S. Schiller labelled his work \"humanism\" but for Schiller the term referred to the pragmatist philosophy he shared with William James. In 1929, Charles Francis Potter founded the First Humanist Society of New York whose advisory board included Julian Huxley, John Dewey, Albert Einstein and Thomas Mann. Potter was a minister from the Unitarian tradition and in 1930 he and his wife, Clara Cook Potter, published Humanism: A New Religion. Throughout the 1930s, Potter was an advocate of such liberal causes as, women’s rights, access to birth control, \"civil divorce laws\", and an end to capital punishment.", "title": "Humanism" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Harry Potter is a British - American film series based on the Harry Potter novels by author J.K. Rowling. The series is distributed by Warner Bros. and consists of eight fantasy films, beginning with Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone (2001) and culminating with Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows -- Part 2 (2011). A spin - off prequel series will consist of five films, starting with Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them (2016), marking the beginning of the Wizarding World shared media franchise.", "title": "Harry Potter (film series)" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Elisha Reynolds Potter (June 20, 1811 – April 10, 1882) was a politician and jurist from Kingston, Rhode Island. He was a justice of the Rhode Island Supreme Court, and served one term in the United States House of Representatives.", "title": "Elisha R. Potter" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Dallol is one of the woredas in the Afar Region of Ethiopia. This woreda is named for the former mining settlement of Dallol, which set the record for the hottest inhabited place on Earth, with an average temperature of 34° C. Located at the northernmost point of the Administrative Zone 2, Dallol's territory includes part of the Afar Depression. This woreda is bordered on the south by Koneba, on the west by the Tigray Region, on the north by Eritrea, and on the east and south by Berhale. Detailed information is not available for the settlements in this woreda.", "title": "Dallol (woreda)" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "British Togoland, officially the Mandate Territory of Togoland and later officially the Trust Territory of Togoland, was a territory in West Africa, under the administration of the United Kingdom. It was effectively formed in 1916 by the splitting of the German protectorate of Togoland into two territories, French Togoland and British Togoland, during the First World War. Initially, it was a League of Nations Class B mandate. In 1922, British Togoland was formally placed under British rule while French Togoland, now Togo, was placed under French rule.", "title": "British Togoland" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Latvia ( or ; , ), officially the Republic of Latvia (, ), is a country in the Baltic region of Northern Europe. Since its independence, Latvia has been referred to as one of the Baltic states. It is bordered by Estonia to the north, Lithuania to the south, Russia to the east, and Belarus to the southeast, and shares a maritime border with Sweden to the west. Latvia has 1,957,200 inhabitants and a territory of . The country has a temperate seasonal climate.", "title": "Latvia" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Enterprise is a hamlet in the South Slave Region of the Northwest Territories, Canada, located between Great Slave Lake and the Alberta border on the Hay River.", "title": "Enterprise, Northwest Territories" } ]

[ { "answer": "Kingston", "id": 826709, "paragraph_support_idx": 15, "question": "Elisha R. Potter >> place of birth", "raw_question": "Elisha R. Potter >> place of birth", "statement": "Kingston is the place of birth of Elisha R. Potter." }, { "answer": "Ulster County", "id": 810457, "paragraph_support_idx": 5, "question": "Kingston >> located in the administrative territorial entity", "raw_question": "#1 >> located in the administrative territorial entity", "statement": "Kingston is located in the administrative territorial entity where Ulster County is a border shared with." }, { "answer": "Greene County", "id": 285920, "paragraph_support_idx": 11, "question": "Ulster County >> shares border with", "raw_question": "#2 >> shares border with", "statement": "Ulster County shares a border with Greene County." } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Inca Empire (Quechua: Tawantinsuyu, lit. ``The Four Regions ''), also known as the Incan Empire and the Inka Empire, was the largest empire in pre-Columbian America, and possibly the largest empire in the world in the early 16th century. The administrative, political and military center of the empire was located in Cusco in modern - day Peru. The Inca civilization arose from the highlands of Peru sometime in the early 13th century. Its last stronghold was conquered by the Spanish in 1572.", "title": "Inca Empire" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "SMS \"München\" (\"His Majesty's Ship \"München\"\") was the fifth of seven s of the Imperial German Navy, named after the city of Munich. She was built by AG Weser in Bremen, starting in 1903, launched in April 1904, and commissioned in January 1905. Armed with a main battery of ten guns and two torpedo tubes, \"München\" was capable of a top speed of .", "title": "SMS München" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Fall River Government Center (also known as \"city hall\") is the location of the municipal government offices in the city of Fall River, Massachusetts, United States. Located at One Government Center, and constructed directly over Interstate 195, it was the first public building built over a Federal interstate highway. It replaced the city's historic 19th century city hall which had been demolished in the early 1960s as part of the construction of Interstate 195, which cuts through the center of the city's downtown area. Delayed and plagued by problems during construction, the new city hall opened in 1976. In 2008, the building and site underwent a multimillion-dollar exterior renovation.", "title": "Fall River Government Center" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Phelps Hotel, located at the NE corner of 2nd and Pine Sts. in Big Springs, Nebraska, was built in 1885. It is the oldest hotel in Deuel County, Nebraska and has been \"viewed as the most important nineteenth century landmark\" in the county. It has always been owned and managed by the Phelps family, which arrived among early settlers.", "title": "Phelps Hotel" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ali Mall is the first major shopping mall in the Philippines. It is located at Araneta Center, Cubao, Quezon City beside SM Cubao. The mall was named in honor of boxer Muhammad Ali, and was built in 1976, making it one of the oldest malls in the country. Recently, they relaunched the new Cinemas and Food Court.", "title": "Ali Mall" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The mosaics of the Villa Romana del Casale near Piazza Armerina in Sicily are the largest collection of late Roman mosaics in situ in the world, and are protected as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The large villa rustica, which was probably owned by Emperor Maximian, was built largely in the early 4th century. The mosaics were covered and protected for 700 years by a landslide that occurred in the 12th Century. The most important pieces are the Circus Scene, the 64m long Great Hunting Scene, the Little Hunt, the Labours of Hercules and the famous Bikini Girls, showing women undertaking a range of sporting activities in garments that resemble 20th Century bikinis. The peristyle, the imperial apartments and the thermae were also decorated with ornamental and mythological mosaics. Other important examples of Roman mosaic art in Sicily were unearthed on the Piazza Vittoria in Palermo where two houses were discovered. The most important scenes there depicted Orpheus, Alexander the Great's Hunt and the Four Seasons.", "title": "Mosaic" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Minden Cemetery, located in Minden, the seat of Webster Parish in northwestern Louisiana, United States, has graves dating from 1843, seven years after the founding of the city in 1836. Some of the oldest marked graves date back to the era of the American Civil War, but most are 20th-century interments.", "title": "Minden Cemetery" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Fifth Avenue Hotel was built in 1856–59 by Amos Richards Eno at the cost of $2 million; the building was designed by Griffith Thomas with William Washburn. At the time of its construction it stood so far uptown from the centers of city life it was dubbed \"Eno's Folly\"; New York bankers refused to capitalize the project, and Eno turned to Boston for funding.", "title": "Fifth Avenue Hotel" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Raleigh is an early example in the United States of a planned city, chosen as the site of the state capital in 1788 and incorporated in 1792 as such. The city was originally laid out in a grid pattern with the North Carolina State Capitol in Union Square at the center. In the United States Civil War the city was spared from any significant battle, only falling in the closing days of the war, though it did not escape the economic hardships that plagued the rest of the American South during the Reconstruction Era. The twentieth century saw the opening of the Research Triangle Park in 1959, and with the jobs it created the region and city saw a large influx of population, making it one of the fastest growing communities in the United States by the early 21st century.", "title": "Raleigh, North Carolina" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Circus Maximus Modern (1978) view of the Circus site from the south - east Location Regio XI Circus Maximus Built in Old Kingdom era Type of structure Circus Circus Maximus", "title": "Circus Maximus" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Some theories of civil disobedience hold that civil disobedience is only justified against governmental entities. Brownlee argues that disobedience in opposition to the decisions of non-governmental agencies such as trade unions, banks, and private universities can be justified if it reflects \"a larger challenge to the legal system that permits those decisions to be taken\". The same principle, she argues, applies to breaches of law in protest against international organizations and foreign governments.", "title": "Civil disobedience" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The earliest recorded incidents of collective civil disobedience took place during the Roman Empire[citation needed]. Unarmed Jews gathered in the streets to prevent the installation of pagan images in the Temple in Jerusalem.[citation needed][original research?] In modern times, some activists who commit civil disobedience as a group collectively refuse to sign bail until certain demands are met, such as favorable bail conditions, or the release of all the activists. This is a form of jail solidarity.[page needed] There have also been many instances of solitary civil disobedience, such as that committed by Thoreau, but these sometimes go unnoticed. Thoreau, at the time of his arrest, was not yet a well-known author, and his arrest was not covered in any newspapers in the days, weeks and months after it happened. The tax collector who arrested him rose to higher political office, and Thoreau's essay was not published until after the end of the Mexican War.", "title": "Civil disobedience" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The area of the modern city of Jacksonville has been inhabited for thousands of years. On Black Hammock Island in the national Timucuan Ecological and Historic Preserve, a University of North Florida team discovered some of the oldest remnants of pottery in the United States, dating to 2500 BC. In the 16th century, the beginning of the historical era, the region was inhabited by the Mocama, a coastal subgroup of the Timucua people. At the time of contact with Europeans, all Mocama villages in present-day Jacksonville were part of the powerful chiefdom known as the Saturiwa, centered around the mouth of the St. Johns River. One early map shows a village called Ossachite at the site of what is now downtown Jacksonville; this may be the earliest recorded name for that area.", "title": "Jacksonville, Florida" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "For almost a thousand years, Rome was the most politically important, richest and largest city in Europe. Around 100 CE, it had a population of about 450,000, and declined to a mere 20,000 during the Early Middle Ages, reducing the sprawling city to groups of inhabited buildings interspersed among large areas of ruins and vegetation.", "title": "Early Middle Ages" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Circus Circus was opened on October 18, 1968 by Jay Sarno and Stanley Mallin, becoming the flagship casino for Circus Circus Enterprises. Architects Rissman and Rissman Associates designed a giant circus tent shaped main structure, which was built by R.C. Johnson Construction of Las Vegas.", "title": "Circus Circus Las Vegas" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ancient history is the aggregate of past events from the beginning of recorded human history and extending as far as the Early Middle Ages or the Postclassical Era. The span of recorded history is roughly 5,000 years, beginning with Sumerian Cuneiform script, the oldest discovered form of coherent writing from the protoliterate period around the 30th century BC.", "title": "Ancient history" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Circus of Carthage is a Roman circus in Carthage, in present-day Tunisia. Used for chariot racing, it was modeled on the Circus Maximus in Rome and other circus buildings throughout the Roman Empire. Measuring more than 470 m in length and 30 m in width, it could house up to 45,000 spectators, roughly one third of the Circus Maximus.", "title": "Circus of Carthage" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Non-revolutionary civil disobedience is a simple disobedience of laws on the grounds that they are judged \"wrong\" by an individual conscience, or as part of an effort to render certain laws ineffective, to cause their repeal, or to exert pressure to get one's political wishes on some other issue. Revolutionary civil disobedience is more of an active attempt to overthrow a government (or to change cultural traditions, social customs, religious beliefs, etc...revolution doesn't have to be political, i.e. \"cultural revolution\", it simply implies sweeping and widespread change to a section of the social fabric). Gandhi's acts have been described as revolutionary civil disobedience. It has been claimed that the Hungarians under Ferenc Deák directed revolutionary civil disobedience against the Austrian government. Thoreau also wrote of civil disobedience accomplishing \"peaceable revolution.\" Howard Zinn, Harvey Wheeler, and others have identified the right espoused in The Declaration of Independence to \"alter or abolish\" an unjust government to be a principle of civil disobedience.", "title": "Civil disobedience" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Imperial City () is a section of the city of Beijing in the Ming and Qing dynasties, with the Forbidden City at its center. It refers to the collection of gardens, shrines, and other service areas between the Forbidden City and the Inner City of ancient Beijing. The Imperial City was surrounded by a wall and accessed through seven gates and it includes historical places such as the Forbidden City, Tiananmen, Zhongnanhai, Beihai Park, Zhongshan Park, Jingshan, Imperial Ancestral Temple, and Xiancantan.", "title": "Imperial City, Beijing" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Shiraz ( (listen); Persian: شیراز‎, Šīrāz, [ʃiːˈrɒːz] (listen)) is the fifth-most-populous city of Iran and the capital of Fars Province (Old Persian as Pars). At the 2016 census, the population of the city was 1,869,001 and its built-up area with \"Shahr-e Jadid-e Sadra\" (Sadra New Town) was home to 1,565,572 inhabitants. Shiraz is located in the southwest of Iran on the \"Rudkhaneye Khoshk\" (The Dry River) seasonal river. It has a moderate climate and has been a regional trade center for over a thousand years. Shiraz is one of the oldest cities of ancient Persia.", "title": "Shiraz" } ]

[ { "answer": "during the Roman Empire", "id": 41221, "paragraph_support_idx": 11, "question": "When is the oldest recorded incident of civil disobedience?", "raw_question": "When is the oldest recorded incident of civil disobedience?", "statement": "The oldest recorded incident of civil disobedience was during the Roman Empire." }, { "answer": "Rome", "id": 53576, "paragraph_support_idx": 13, "question": "what city was the center of imperial life in during the Roman Empire in the early fifth century", "raw_question": "what city was the center of imperial life in #1 in the early fifth century", "statement": "Rome was the center of imperial life during the Roman Empire in the early fifth century." }, { "answer": "Old Kingdom era", "id": 79860, "paragraph_support_idx": 9, "question": "when was the circus maximus built in Rome", "raw_question": "when was the circus maximus built in #2", "statement": "The Circus Maximus was not built in Rome during the Old Kingdom era." } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1968 Noam Chomsky and Morris Halle published The Sound Pattern of English (SPE), the basis for generative phonology. In this view, phonological representations are sequences of segments made up of distinctive features. These features were an expansion of earlier work by Roman Jakobson, Gunnar Fant, and Morris Halle. The features describe aspects of articulation and perception, are from a universally fixed set, and have the binary values + or −. There are at least two levels of representation: underlying representation and surface phonetic representation. Ordered phonological rules govern how underlying representation is transformed into the actual pronunciation (the so-called surface form). An important consequence of the influence SPE had on phonological theory was the downplaying of the syllable and the emphasis on segments. Furthermore, the generativists folded morphophonology into phonology, which both solved and created problems.", "title": "Phonology" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Nasser also attempted to maintain oversight of the country's civil service to prevent it from inflating and consequently becoming a burden to the state. New laws provided workers with a minimum wage, profit shares, free education, free health care, reduced working hours, and encouragement to participate in management. Land reforms guaranteed the security of tenant farmers, promoted agricultural growth, and reduced rural poverty. As a result of the 1962 measures, government ownership of Egyptian business reached 51 percent, and the National Union was renamed the Arab Socialist Union (ASU). With these measures came more domestic repression, as thousands of Islamists were imprisoned, including dozens of military officers. Nasser's tilt toward a Soviet-style system led his aides Boghdadi and Hussein el-Shafei to submit their resignations in protest.", "title": "Gamal Abdel Nasser" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Cecilia Island is the ice-free southernmost island of the Aitcho group on the west side of English Strait in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. Extending , surface area . The area, visited by American and English sealers in the early 19th century, nowadays has become a popular tourist site frequented by Antarctic cruise ships.", "title": "Cecilia Island" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Leon Belleth was a popular announcer with Radio Ceylon and subsequently the Sri Lanka Broadcasting Corporation. He presented a range of radio programs including Holiday Choice. Listeners enjoyed his free and easy style of broadcasting. Leon Belleth was educated at one of Sri Lanka's foremost educational institutions - Royal College Colombo. He was introduced to radio by the veteran broadcaster, Vernon Corea who mentored him while he was in Radio Ceylon.", "title": "Leon Belleth" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1976 John Goldsmith introduced autosegmental phonology. Phonological phenomena are no longer seen as operating on one linear sequence of segments, called phonemes or feature combinations, but rather as involving some parallel sequences of features which reside on multiple tiers. Autosegmental phonology later evolved into feature geometry, which became the standard theory of representation for theories of the organization of phonology as different as lexical phonology and optimality theory.", "title": "Phonology" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1776, the notion that no one is above the law was popular during the founding of the United States. For example, Thomas Paine wrote in his pamphlet Common Sense that ``in America, the law is king. For as in absolute governments the King is law, so in free countries the law ought to be king; and there ought to be no other. ''In 1780, John Adams enshrined this principle in the Massachusetts Constitution by seeking to establish`` a government of laws and not of men.''", "title": "Rule of law" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Government phonology, which originated in the early 1980s as an attempt to unify theoretical notions of syntactic and phonological structures, is based on the notion that all languages necessarily follow a small set of principles and vary according to their selection of certain binary parameters. That is, all languages' phonological structures are essentially the same, but there is restricted variation that accounts for differences in surface realizations. Principles are held to be inviolable, though parameters may sometimes come into conflict. Prominent figures in this field include Jonathan Kaye, Jean Lowenstamm, Jean-Roger Vergnaud, Monik Charette, and John Harris.", "title": "Phonology" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Colombian Spanish (Spanish: español colombiano) is a grouping of the varieties of Spanish spoken in Colombia. The term is of more geographical than linguistic relevance, since the dialects spoken in the various regions of Colombia are quite diverse. The speech of coastal areas tends to exhibit phonological innovations typical of Caribbean Spanish, while highland varieties have been historically more conservative. The Caro and Cuervo Institute in Bogotá is the main institution in Colombia promoting the scholarly study of the language and literature of both Colombia and Spanish America generally. The educated speech of Bogotá, a generally conservative variety of Spanish, holds high popular prestige among Spanish - speakers throughout the Americas.", "title": "Colombian Spanish" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Boys' Brigade Gazette is a quarterly magazine printed regularly since 1889 in the United Kingdom for the officers and leaders of the Battalions and Companies of the Boy's Brigade in the UK and Ireland.", "title": "Boys' Brigade Gazette" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Natural phonology is a theory based on the publications of its proponent David Stampe in 1969 and (more explicitly) in 1979. In this view, phonology is based on a set of universal phonological processes that interact with one another; which ones are active and which are suppressed is language-specific. Rather than acting on segments, phonological processes act on distinctive features within prosodic groups. Prosodic groups can be as small as a part of a syllable or as large as an entire utterance. Phonological processes are unordered with respect to each other and apply simultaneously (though the output of one process may be the input to another). The second most prominent natural phonologist is Patricia Donegan (Stampe's wife); there are many natural phonologists in Europe, and a few in the U.S., such as Geoffrey Nathan. The principles of natural phonology were extended to morphology by Wolfgang U. Dressler, who founded natural morphology.", "title": "Phonology" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The 1891 Elementary Education Act provided for the state payment of school fees up to ten shillings per head, making primary education effectively free.", "title": "History of education in England" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act or Right to Education Act (RTE) is an Act of the Parliament of India enacted on 4 August 2009, which describes the modalities of the importance of free and compulsory education for children between the age of 6 to 14 years in India under Article 21A of the Indian Constitution. India became one of 135 countries to make education a fundamental right of every child when the act came into force on 1 April 2010. The title of the RTE Act incorporates the words' free and compulsory '.' Free education 'means that no child, other than a child who has been admitted by his or her parents to a school which is not supported by the appropriate Government, shall be liable to pay any kind of fee or charges or expenses which may prevent him or her from pursuing and completing elementary education.' Compulsory education 'casts an obligation on the appropriate Government and local authorities to provide and ensure admission, attendance and completion of elementary education by all children in the 6 - 14 age group. With this, India has moved forward to a rights based framework that casts a legal obligation on the Central and State Governments to implement this fundamental child right as enshrined in the Article 21A of the Constitution, in accordance with the provisions of the RTE Act. 17.", "title": "Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act, 2009" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "AMA Computer College of Quezon City became AMA Computer University following the conferment of university status by the Philippine government's Commission on Higher Education (CHED) on 20 August 2001.", "title": "AMA Computer University" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Languages in Contrast is a peer-reviewed academic journal of contrastive linguistics established in 1998 and published biannually by John Benjamins Publishing Company. Focusing on comparative studies of two or multiple languages, it covers all subfields of both theoretical and applied linguistics, such as morphology, phonology, discourse analysis, language education, etc.", "title": "Languages in Contrast" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Phonology is often distinguished from phonetics. While phonetics concerns the physical production, acoustic transmission and perception of the sounds of speech, phonology describes the way sounds function within a given language or across languages to encode meaning. For many linguists, phonetics belongs to descriptive linguistics, and phonology to theoretical linguistics, although establishing the phonological system of a language is necessarily an application of theoretical principles to analysis of phonetic evidence. Note that this distinction was not always made, particularly before the development of the modern concept of the phoneme in the mid 20th century. Some subfields of modern phonology have a crossover with phonetics in descriptive disciplines such as psycholinguistics and speech perception, resulting in specific areas like articulatory phonology or laboratory phonology.", "title": "Phonology" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In a course at the LSA summer institute in 1991, Alan Prince and Paul Smolensky developed optimality theory—an overall architecture for phonology according to which languages choose a pronunciation of a word that best satisfies a list of constraints ordered by importance; a lower-ranked constraint can be violated when the violation is necessary in order to obey a higher-ranked constraint. The approach was soon extended to morphology by John McCarthy and Alan Prince, and has become a dominant trend in phonology. The appeal to phonetic grounding of constraints and representational elements (e.g. features) in various approaches has been criticized by proponents of 'substance-free phonology', especially Mark Hale and Charles Reiss.", "title": "Phonology" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Bliznashki Government was the ninetieth cabinet of Bulgaria which took office on 6 August 2014, following the resignation of the previous government. This cabinet was a caretaker government of technocrats designated to serve only until a new government could be elected with a popular mandate. The government, led by Prime Minister Georgi Bliznashki, was set up by President Rosen Plevneliev. A new government was formed after the early parliamentary elections on 5 October 2014.", "title": "Bliznashki Government" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In the early 21st century the Cypriot economy has diversified and become prosperous. However, in 2012 it became affected by the Eurozone financial and banking crisis. In June 2012, the Cypriot government announced it would need €1.8 billion in foreign aid to support the Cyprus Popular Bank, and this was followed by Fitch downgrading Cyprus's credit rating to junk status. Fitch said Cyprus would need an additional €4 billion to support its banks and the downgrade was mainly due to the exposure of Bank of Cyprus, Cyprus Popular Bank and Hellenic Bank, Cyprus's three largest banks, to the Greek financial crisis.", "title": "Cyprus" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Broadly speaking, government phonology (or its descendant, strict-CV phonology) has a greater following in the United Kingdom, whereas optimality theory is predominant in the United States.[citation needed]", "title": "Phonology" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Maulana Sayyid Abul Kalam Ghulam Muhiyuddin Ahmed Azad (pronunciation (help info); 11 November 1888 -- 22 February 1958) was an Indian scholar and the senior Muslim leader of the Indian National Congress during the Indian independence movement. Following India's independence, he became the first Minister of Education in the Indian government. He is commonly remembered as Maulana Azad; the word Maulana is an honorific meaning 'Our Master', and he had adopted Azad (Free) as his pen name. His contribution to establishing the education foundation in India is recognised by celebrating his birthday as ``National Education Day ''across India.", "title": "Abul Kalam Azad" } ]

[ { "answer": "the United Kingdom,", "id": 10725, "paragraph_support_idx": 18, "question": "Where is government phonology popular?", "raw_question": "Where is government phonology popular?", "statement": "Education became free in the United Kingdom." }, { "answer": "UK", "id": 695397, "paragraph_support_idx": 8, "question": "the United Kingdom, >> follows", "raw_question": "#1 >> follows", "statement": "The United Kingdom follows." }, { "answer": "1891", "id": 69808, "paragraph_support_idx": 10, "question": "when did education become free in the UK", "raw_question": "when did education become free in the #2", "statement": "Education became free in the UK in 1891." } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Magna Carta Libertatum (Medieval Latin for ``the Great Charter of the Liberties ''), commonly called Magna Carta (also Magna Charta;`` (the) Great Charter''), is a charter agreed to by King John of England at Runnymede, near Windsor, on 15 June 1215. First drafted by the Archbishop of Canterbury to make peace between the unpopular King and a group of rebel barons, it promised the protection of church rights, protection for the barons from illegal imprisonment, access to swift justice, and limitations on feudal payments to the Crown, to be implemented through a council of 25 barons. Neither side stood behind their commitments, and the charter was annulled by Pope Innocent III, leading to the First Barons' War. After John's death, the regency government of his young son, Henry III, reissued the document in 1216, stripped of some of its more radical content, in an unsuccessful bid to build political support for their cause. At the end of the war in 1217, it formed part of the peace treaty agreed at Lambeth, where the document acquired the name Magna Carta, to distinguish it from the smaller Charter of the Forest which was issued at the same time. Short of funds, Henry reissued the charter again in 1225 in exchange for a grant of new taxes; his son, Edward I, repeated the exercise in 1297, this time confirming it as part of England's statute law.", "title": "Magna Carta" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Marco Barbarigo (c. 1413 – August 1486) was the 73rd Doge of Venice from 1485 until 1486. His nomination took place on a new staircase in the courtyard of the Doge's Palace, on an axis with the Campanile of St. Mark and the Porta della Carta.", "title": "Marco Barbarigo" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In the aftermath of John's death William Marshal was declared the protector of the nine-year-old Henry III. The civil war continued until royalist victories at the battles of Lincoln and Dover in 1217. Louis gave up his claim to the English throne and signed the Treaty of Lambeth. The failed Magna Carta agreement was resuscitated by Marshal's administration and reissued in an edited form in 1217 as a basis for future government. Henry III continued his attempts to reclaim Normandy and Anjou until 1259, but John's continental losses and the consequent growth of Capetian power in the 13th century proved to mark a \"turning point in European history\".", "title": "John, King of England" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In clause 39 of Magna Carta, issued in 1215, John of England promised: ``No free man shall be seized or imprisoned, or stripped of his rights or possessions, or outlawed or exiled, or deprived of his standing in any other way, nor will we proceed with force against him, or send others to do so, except by the lawful judgment of his equals or by the law of the land. ''Magna Carta itself immediately became part of the`` law of the land'', and Clause 61 of that charter authorized an elected body of 25 barons to determine by majority vote what redress the King must provide when the King offends ``in any respect against any man. ''Thus, Magna Carta established the rule of law in England by not only requiring the monarchy to obey the law of the land but also limiting how the monarchy could change the law of the land. However, in the 13th century, the provisions may have been referring only to the rights of landowners, and not to ordinary peasantry or villagers.", "title": "Due process" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The charter became part of English political life and was typically renewed by each monarch in turn, although as time went by and the fledgling English Parliament passed new laws, it lost some of its practical significance. At the end of the 16th century there was an upsurge in interest in Magna Carta. Lawyers and historians at the time believed that there was an ancient English constitution, going back to the days of the Anglo - Saxons, that protected individual English freedoms. They argued that the Norman invasion of 1066 had overthrown these rights, and that Magna Carta had been a popular attempt to restore them, making the charter an essential foundation for the contemporary powers of Parliament and legal principles such as habeas corpus. Although this historical account was badly flawed, jurists such as Sir Edward Coke used Magna Carta extensively in the early 17th century, arguing against the divine right of kings propounded by the Stuart monarchs. Both James I and his son Charles I attempted to suppress the discussion of Magna Carta, until the issue was curtailed by the English Civil War of the 1640s and the execution of Charles.", "title": "Magna Carta" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "William Marshal, 2nd Earl of Pembroke (French: \"Guillaume le Maréchal\") (11906 April 1231) was a medieval English nobleman and was one of Magna Carta sureties. He fought during the First Barons' War and was present at the Battle of Lincoln (1217) alongside his father William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke, who led the English troops in that battle. He commissioned the first biography of a medieval knight to be written, called \"L'Histoire de Guillaume le Mareschal,\" in honour of his father\".\"", "title": "William Marshal, 2nd Earl of Pembroke" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Magna Carta Libertatum (Medieval Latin for ``the Great Charter of the Liberties ''), commonly called Magna Carta (also Magna Charta;`` Great Charter''), is a charter agreed to by King John of England at Runnymede, near Windsor, on 15 June 1215. First drafted by the Archbishop of Canterbury to make peace between the unpopular King and a group of rebel barons, it promised the protection of church rights, protection for the barons from illegal imprisonment, access to swift justice, and limitations on feudal payments to the Crown, to be implemented through a council of 25 barons. Neither side stood behind their commitments, and the charter was annulled by Pope Innocent III, leading to the First Barons' War. After John's death, the regency government of his young son, Henry III, reissued the document in 1216, stripped of some of its more radical content, in an unsuccessful bid to build political support for their cause. At the end of the war in 1217, it formed part of the peace treaty agreed at Lambeth, where the document acquired the name Magna Carta, to distinguish it from the smaller Charter of the Forest which was issued at the same time. Short of funds, Henry reissued the charter again in 1225 in exchange for a grant of new taxes; his son, Edward I, repeated the exercise in 1297, this time confirming it as part of England's statute law.", "title": "Magna Carta" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In the Kingdom of England, the Glorious Revolution of 1688 led to a constitutional monarchy restricted by laws such as the Bill of Rights 1689 and the Act of Settlement 1701, although limits on the power of the monarch ('a limited monarchy') are much older than that (see Magna Carta). At the same time, in Scotland the Convention of Estates enacted the Claim of Right Act 1689, which placed similar limits on the Scottish monarchy.", "title": "Constitutional monarchy" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Bill of Rights is the first ten amendments to the United States Constitution. Proposed following the oftentimes bitter 1787 -- 88 battle over ratification of the U.S. Constitution, and crafted to address the objections raised by Anti-Federalists, the Bill of Rights amendments add to the Constitution specific guarantees of personal freedoms and rights, clear limitations on the government's power in judicial and other proceedings, and explicit declarations that all powers not specifically delegated to Congress by the Constitution are reserved for the states or the people. The concepts codified in these amendments are built upon those found in several earlier documents, including the Virginia Declaration of Rights and the English Bill of Rights 1689, along with earlier documents such as Magna Carta (1215). In practice, the amendments had little impact on judgements by the courts for the first 150 years after ratification.", "title": "United States Bill of Rights" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Tom Ford\" is a song by American hip hop artist Jay-Z from his twelfth studio album \"Magna Carta Holy Grail\" (2013). It features additional vocals from his wife Beyoncé as Third Ward Trill and was produced by Timbaland and Jerome \"J-Roc\" Harmon. On September 26, 2013, \"Tom Ford\" was serviced to urban contemporary radio in the United Kingdom as the album's second single and then on October 15, 2013, to rhythmic contemporary in the United States. Following the release of the album, the song peaked at number 39 on the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100.", "title": "Tom Ford (song)" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Albert Edward Harrison Cox (24 June 1917 in Treeton, Rotherham – April 2003) was a footballer who played as a left-back for Sheffield United and Halifax Town.", "title": "Albert Cox" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Magna Carta (An Embroidery) is a 2015 work by English installation artist Cornelia Parker. The artwork is an embroidered representation of the complete text and images of an online encyclopedia article for Magna Carta, as it appeared in English Wikipedia on , the 799th anniversary of the document.", "title": "Magna Carta (An Embroidery)" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Picasso Baby\" is a song by American hip hop artist Jay-Z from his twelfth studio album \"Magna Carta... Holy Grail\". It is the second track on the album and features additional vocals by The-Dream and Zofia Borucka Moreno. The song was produced by Timbaland and Jerome \"J-Roc\" Harmon and contains a sample of \"Sirens\" by Adrian Younge. Following the release of the album, the song peaked at number 91 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 based on downloads only.", "title": "Picasso Baby" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Albert Zahn House is located in Baileys Harbor, Wisconsin, United States. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2000.", "title": "Albert Zahn House" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Down Twisted is a 1987 thriller film, directed by Albert Pyun, starring Carey Lowell, Charles Rocket, Courteney Cox, Norbert Weisser, Linda Kerridge, Trudy Dotchterman and Nicholas Guest.", "title": "Down Twisted" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Betty Diamond received her B.A. in Art History (Magna Cum) from Radcliffe College in 1969 and her M.D. from Harvard Medical School in 1973. In 1976 she began her residency at Columbia Presbyterian Medical Center, New York, NY and in 1979 embarked on post-doctoral fellowship in Immunology with Dr. Matthew Scharff at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY.", "title": "Betty Diamond" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In political philosophy, limited government is where the government is empowered by law from a starting point of having no power, or where governmental power is restricted by law, usually in a written constitution. It is a key concept in the history of liberalism. The United States Constitution presents an example of the federal government not possessing any power except what is delegated to it by the Constitution - with the Tenth Amendment to the United States Constitution specifically stating that powers not specifically delegated to the federal government is reserved for the people and the states. The Magna Carta and the United States Constitution also represents important milestones in the limiting of governmental power. The earliest use of the term limited government dates back to King James VI and I in the late 16th century. Limited government put into practice often involves the protection of individual liberty from government intrusion.", "title": "Limited government" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Wayne liked the location work in Rome and Libya. The plot is vaguely similar to another of Wayne's movies crossing the Mojave Desert. The Roman remains of Leptis Magna in Libya were used extensively as a location for the ancient city. In the script Wayne's character refers to 'Timgad' in sardonic reference to the apparent delusions of Paul's father, despite the fact this places a considerable strain on the geography of the plot. The lost city of Timgad referred to in the film was actually the Leptis Magna ruins, a Roman city dating back to the 7th century B.C. near Tripoli, in northwest Libya, while ``Timbuktu ''was actually in Zliten, Libya. Headquarters for the film were located in Ghadames, where, according to the publicity material, citizens of the villages were employed on set, as well as some native Tuaregs, an ancient desert tribe.", "title": "Legend of the Lost" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "By the Victorian period in the 19th century historians were more inclined to draw on the judgements of the chroniclers and to focus on John's moral personality. Kate Norgate, for example, argued that John's downfall had been due not to his failure in war or strategy, but due to his \"almost superhuman wickedness\", whilst James Ramsay blamed John's family background and his cruel personality for his downfall. Historians in the \"Whiggish\" tradition, focusing on documents such as the Domesday Book and Magna Carta, trace a progressive and universalist course of political and economic development in England over the medieval period. These historians were often inclined to see John's reign, and his signing of Magna Carta in particular, as a positive step in the constitutional development of England, despite the flaws of the king himself. Winston Churchill, for example, argued that \"[w]hen the long tally is added, it will be seen that the British nation and the English-speaking world owe far more to the vices of John than to the labours of virtuous sovereigns\".", "title": "John, King of England" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Treeton is a village and civil parish of the Metropolitan Borough of Rotherham in South Yorkshire, England. It is located about south of the town of Rotherham and east of Sheffield City Centre.", "title": "Treeton" } ]

[ { "answer": "Treeton", "id": 332614, "paragraph_support_idx": 10, "question": "Albert Cox >> place of birth", "raw_question": "Albert Cox >> place of birth", "statement": "Albert Cox was born in Treeton." }, { "answer": "England", "id": 131794, "paragraph_support_idx": 19, "question": "Which state is Treeton located?", "raw_question": "Which state is #1 located?", "statement": "Albert Cox was born in England." }, { "answer": "an essential foundation for the contemporary powers of Parliament", "id": 82052, "paragraph_support_idx": 4, "question": "what did the magna carta do for England 's government", "raw_question": "what did the magna carta do for #2 's government", "statement": "The Magna Carta did for England's government an essential foundation for the contemporary powers of Parliament." } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "For the United States, Article One, Section Eight of the Constitution says ``Congress shall have power to... declare War. ''However, that passage provides no specific format for what form legislation must have in order to be considered a`` declaration of war'' nor does the Constitution itself use this term. In the courts, the United States Court of Appeals for the First Circuit, in Doe v. Bush, said: ``(T) he text of the October Resolution itself spells out justifications for a war and frames itself as an 'authorization' of such a war. ''in effect saying an authorization suffices for declaration and what some may view as a formal Congressional`` Declaration of War'' was not required by the Constitution.", "title": "Declaration of war by the United States" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Declaration became official when Congress voted for it on July 4; signatures of the delegates were not needed to make it official. The handwritten copy of the Declaration of Independence that was signed by Congress is dated July 4, 1776. The signatures of fifty - six delegates are affixed; however, the exact date when each person signed it has long been the subject of debate. Jefferson, Franklin, and Adams all wrote that the Declaration had been signed by Congress on July 4. But in 1796, signer Thomas McKean disputed that the Declaration had been signed on July 4, pointing out that some signers were not then present, including several who were not even elected to Congress until after that date.", "title": "United States Declaration of Independence" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The American Revolutionary War (1775 -- 1783), also known as the American War of Independence, was a global war that began as a conflict between Great Britain and her Thirteen Colonies, which declared independence as the United States of America.", "title": "American Revolutionary War" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Texas Declaration of Independence was the formal declaration of independence of the Republic of Texas from Mexico in the Texas Revolution. It was adopted at the Convention of 1836 at Washington - on - the - Brazos on March 2, 1836, and formally signed the following day after mistakes were noted in the text.", "title": "Texas Declaration of Independence" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Signing of the United States Declaration of Independence John Trumbull's painting Declaration of Independence, depicting the five - man drafting committee of the Declaration of Independence presenting their work to the Second Continental Congress Date August 2, 1776 (1776 - 08 - 02) Venue Independence Hall Location Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Coordinates 39 ° 56 ′ 56 ''N 75 ° 09 ′ 00'' W  /  39.948889 ° N 75.15 ° W  / 39.948889; - 75.15 Coordinates: 39 ° 56 ′ 56 ''N 75 ° 09 ′ 00'' W  /  39.948889 ° N 75.15 ° W  / 39.948889; - 75.15 Participants Delegates to the Second Continental Congress", "title": "Signing of the United States Declaration of Independence" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The United States declared war on Germany on April 6, 1917, over 2 ​ ⁄ years after World War I started. A ceasefire and Armistice was declared on November 11, 1918. Before entering the war, the U.S. had remained neutral, though it had been an important supplier to Great Britain and the other Allied powers.", "title": "United States in World War I" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "It is celebrated on 7 September, the anniversary of the date in 1822 that prince regent Dom Pedro declared Brazil's independence from Portugal. Formal recognition came with a treaty signed by both Brazil and Portugal in late 1825.", "title": "Independence of Brazil" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "On June 12, 1990, the Congress of People's Deputies adopted the Declaration of State Sovereignty. On June 12, 1991, Boris Yeltsin was elected the first President. On December 8, 1991, heads of Russia, Ukraine and Belarus signed the Belavezha Accords. The agreement declared dissolution of the USSR by its founder states (i.e. denunciation of 1922 Treaty on the Creation of the USSR) and established the CIS. On December 12, the agreement was ratified by the Russian Parliament, therefore Russian SFSR denounced the Treaty on the Creation of the USSR and de facto declared Russia's independence from the USSR.", "title": "Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The U.S. declaration of war on Germany, on 6 April 1917 was on the grounds that Germany had violated its neutrality by attacking international shipping and the Zimmermann Telegram sent to Mexico. It declared war on Austria - Hungary in December 1917. The U.S. entered the war as an ``associated power '', rather than as a formal ally of France and the United Kingdom, in order to avoid`` foreign entanglements''. Although the Ottoman Empire and Bulgaria severed relations with the United States, neither declared war.", "title": "Allies of World War I" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "At the end of the war, the victorious powers sought to divide up the Ottoman Empire. Signed between the Allied and Associated Powers and Ottoman Empire at Sèvres on 10 August 1920, the Treaty of Sèvres promised to maintain the existence of the Armenian republic and to attach the former territories of Ottoman Armenia to it. Because the new borders of Armenia were to be drawn by United States President Woodrow Wilson, Ottoman Armenia was also referred to as \"Wilsonian Armenia.\" In addition, just days prior, on 5 August 1920, Mihran Damadian of the Armenian National Union, the de facto Armenian administration in Cilicia, declared the independence of Cilicia as an Armenian autonomous republic under French protectorate.", "title": "Armenia" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "On April 2, 1917, President Woodrow Wilson asked a special joint session of the United States Congress for a declaration of war against the German Empire. Congress responded with the declaration on April 6.", "title": "United States declaration of war on Germany (1917)" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The National Assembly began the process of drafting a constitution. The Declaration of the Rights of Man, adopted on 27 August 1789 eventually became the preamble of the constitution adopted on 3 September 1791. The Declaration offered sweeping generalizations about rights, liberty, and sovereignty.", "title": "French Constitution of 1791" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Fourteen men served as president of Congress. The first was Peyton Randolph, who was elected on September 5, 1774. The last president, Cyrus Griffin, resigned in November 1788. President John Hancock is remembered for his large, bold signature on the Declaration of Independence, which was adopted and signed during his presidency.", "title": "President of the Continental Congress" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Paleo - Indians migrated from Asia to the North American mainland at least 15,000 years ago. European colonization began in the 16th century. The United States emerged from 13 British colonies along the East Coast. Numerous disputes between Great Britain and the colonies following the Seven Years' War led to the American Revolution, which began in 1775, and the subsequent Declaration of Independence in 1776. The war ended in 1783 with the United States becoming the first country to attain independence from a European power. The current constitution was adopted in 1788. The first ten amendments, collectively named the Bill of Rights, were ratified in 1791 and designed to guarantee many fundamental civil liberties.", "title": "United States" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Soviet Union was dissolved on December 26, 1991. It was a result of the declaration number 142 - Н of the Soviet of the Republics of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union. The declaration acknowledged the independence of the former Soviet republics and created the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), although five of the signatories ratified it much later or did not do so at all. On the previous day, Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev, the eighth and final leader of the Soviet Union, resigned, declared his office extinct, and handed over its powers -- including control of the Soviet nuclear missile launching codes -- to Russian President Boris Yeltsin. That evening at 7: 32, the Soviet flag was lowered from the Kremlin for the last time and replaced with the pre-revolutionary Russian flag.", "title": "Dissolution of the Soviet Union" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The United States Declaration of Independence is the statement adopted by the Second Continental Congress meeting at the Pennsylvania State House (now known as Independence Hall) in Philadelphia on July 4, 1776. The Declaration announced that the thirteen American colonies at war with the Kingdom of Great Britain would now regard themselves as thirteen independent sovereign states no longer under British rule. With the Declaration, these states formed a new nation -- the United States of America.", "title": "United States Declaration of Independence" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Ben Barnes as Samuel ``Sam ''Adams Marton Csokas as General Thomas Gage Ryan Eggold as Dr. Joseph Warren Michael Raymond - James as Paul Revere Rafe Spall as John Hancock Henry Thomas as John Adams Jason O'Mara as George Washington Dean Norris as Benjamin Franklin Emily Berrington as Margaret Kemble Gage Sean Gilder as Thomas Hutchinson Kevin J. Ryan as John Pitcairn Shane Taylor as Captain Thomas Preston Jimmy Akingbola as Peter Salem", "title": "Sons of Liberty (miniseries)" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The American Revolutionary War (1775 -- 1783), also known as the American War of Independence, was a global war that began as a conflict between Great Britain and its Thirteen Colonies which declared independence as the United States of America.", "title": "American Revolutionary War" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Constitution also gives Congress an important role in national defense, including the exclusive power to declare war, to raise and maintain the armed forces, and to make rules for the military. Some critics charge that the executive branch has usurped Congress's Constitutionally - defined task of declaring war. While historically presidents initiated the process for going to war, they asked for and received formal war declarations from Congress for the War of 1812, the Mexican -- American War, the Spanish -- American War, World War I, and World War II, although President Theodore Roosevelt's military move into Panama in 1903 did not get Congressional assent. Presidents have initiated war without Congressional war declarations; Truman called the Korean War a ``police action ''and the Vietnam War lasted over a decade without a declaration of war. In 1970, Time magazine noted:`` All told, it has been calculated, U.S. presidents have ordered troops into position or action without a formal congressional declaration a total of 149 times'' before 1970. In 1993, one writer noted ``Congress's war power has become the most flagrantly disregarded provision in the Constitution, ''and that the`` real erosion (of Congressional authority to declare war) began after World War II.'' President George H.W. Bush claimed he could begin Operation Desert Storm and launch a ``deliberate, unhurried, post -- Cold War decision to start a war ''without Congressional approval. Critics charge that President George W. Bush largely initiated the Iraq War with little debate in Congress or consultation with Congress, despite a Congressional vote on military force authorization. Disagreement about the extent of congressional versus presidential power regarding war has been present periodically throughout the nation's history.", "title": "Powers of the United States Congress" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The dissolution of the Soviet Union was formally enacted on December 26, 1991, as a result of the declaration no. 142-Н of the Soviet of the Republics of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union. The declaration acknowledged the independence of the former Soviet republics and created the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), although five of the signatories ratified it much later or not at all. On the previous day, Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev, the eighth and last leader of the Soviet Union, resigned, declared his office extinct, and handed over its powers – including control of the Soviet nuclear missile launching codes – to Russian President Boris Yeltsin. That evening at 7:32 p.m., the Soviet flag was lowered from the Kremlin for the last time and replaced with the pre-revolutionary Russian flag.", "title": "Dissolution of the Soviet Union" } ]

[ { "answer": "Congress", "id": 52319, "paragraph_support_idx": 0, "question": "who has the power to declare war in the usa", "raw_question": "who has the power to declare war in the usa", "statement": "In the United States, Congress has the power to declare war." }, { "answer": "John Hancock", "id": 52205, "paragraph_support_idx": 12, "question": "who presided over the Congress at the signing of the declaration of independence", "raw_question": "who presided over the #1 at the signing of the declaration of independence", "statement": "John Hancock presided over the Congress at the signing of the Declaration of Independence." }, { "answer": "Rafe Spall", "id": 55099, "paragraph_support_idx": 16, "question": "who plays John Hancock in sons of liberty", "raw_question": "who plays #2 in sons of liberty", "statement": "Rafe Spall plays John Hancock in Sons of Liberty." } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "IK Sirius is a Swedish bandy club located in Uppsala, currently playing in Elitserien. IK Sirius were formed in 1907 and play their home games at Studenternas Idrottsplats.", "title": "IK Sirius" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The bandy team represented England in the 1913 European Bandy Championships in Davos, Switzerland. It was credited with winning the eight-nation tournament. At the time, bandy in England was administrated through the National Bandy Association.", "title": "England national bandy team" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "During Shumway's tenure as president of BYU-Hawaii, the school focused on increasing the percentage of students from outside the United States. Among other programs, there were scholarships granted where officials of foreign governments were allowed to help determine who received the scholarship. Thailand was among the countries included in this initiative.", "title": "Eric B. Shumway" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Similarly, in 1996, member countries of the European Union, per Directive 94/33/EC, agreed to a number of exceptions for young people in its child labour laws. Under these rules, children of various ages may work in cultural, artistic, sporting or advertising activities if authorised by the competent authority. Children above the age of 13 may perform light work for a limited number of hours per week in other economic activities as defined at the discretion of each country. Additionally, the European law exception allows children aged 14 years or over to work as part of a work/training scheme. The EU Directive clarified that these exceptions do not allow child labour where the children may experience harmful exposure to dangerous substances. Nonetheless, many children under the age of 13 do work, even in the most developed countries of the EU. For instance, a recent study showed over a third of Dutch twelve-year-old kids had a job, the most common being babysitting.", "title": "Child labour" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "SiriusXM Love is a music channel that plays love songs from soft - AC artists and airs on Sirius XM Radio, and Dish Network. It airs on channel 70 on Sirius XM Radio. On XM, it replaced former channel The Heart on November 12, 2008. On Sirius XM Canada, the channel retained the old Sirius Love name, Until February 9, 2010, SiriusXM Love was on DirecTV channel 819, but all of the Sirius XM programming was dropped in favor of Sonic Tap.", "title": "Sirius XM Love" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Västerås BK30 is a sports club in Västerås, Sweden, established on 29 November 1929 as a merger out of IK City and IK Sture and named after 1930, the year it joined the Swedish Sports Confederation. The club nowadays mostly runs soccer, earlier even bandy, handball, ice hockey, table tennis and track and field athletics.", "title": "Västerås BK30" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Hjorthagens IP is a sports ground in Stockholm, Sweden. It has been used by Djurgårdens IF FF as practice ground. and by Djurgårdens IF Handikappfotbollförening as well as Värtans IK. In the wintertime ice skating is performed there.", "title": "Hjorthagens IP" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Greece has tended to lag behind its European Union partners in terms of Internet use, with the gap closing rapidly in recent years. The percentage of households with access to the Internet more than doubled between 2006 and 2013, from 23% to 56% respectively (compared with an EU average of 49% and 79%). At the same time, there has been a massive increase in the proportion of households with a broadband connection, from 4% in 2006 to 55% in 2013 (compared with an EU average of 30% and 76%). However, Greece also has the EU's third highest percentage of people who have never used the Internet: 36% in 2013, down from 65% in 2006 (compared with an EU average of 21% and 42%).", "title": "Economy of Greece" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "On March 27, 2015 Sassou Nguesso announced that his government would hold a referendum to change the country's 2002 constitution and allow him to run for a third consecutive term in office. On October 25 the government held a referendum to allow Sassou Nguesso to run in the next election. The government claimed that the proposal as approved by 92 percent of voters with 72 percent of eligible voters participating. The opposition, who had boycotted the referendum claimed that the government's statistics were false and that the vote was a sham.", "title": "Republic of the Congo" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Brett Kearney (born 29 September 1983 in Sydney, New South Wales), also known by the nickname of \"BK\", is an Australian professional rugby league footballer formerly with the Bradford Bulls in the Super League, now currently playing for the Collegians in the Illawarra Rugby League competition. A utility back, he has represented Country Origin and previously played for the South Sydney Rabbitohs and Cronulla.", "title": "Brett Kearney" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "In March 2007 there were 120,305 jobs in Southampton, and 3,570 people claiming job seeker's allowance, approximately 2.4 per cent of the city's population. This compares with an average of 2.5 per cent for England as a whole.", "title": "Southampton" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Eurocopter EC145 (now Airbus Helicopters H145) is a twin-engine light utility helicopter developed and manufactured by Eurocopter, which was rebranded as Airbus Helicopters in 2014. Originally referred to as the \"BK 117 C2\", the EC145 is based upon the MBB/Kawasaki BK 117 C1, which became a part of the combined Eurocopter line-up in 1992 with the merger of Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm's helicopter division of Daimler-Benz and the helicopter division of Aérospatiale-Matra to form Eurocopter.", "title": "Eurocopter EC145" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "BK Ume-Trixa is a sports club in Umeå, Sweden, established in 1981. The club earlier played rink bandy and bandy, but now instead runs women's ice hockey. The women's bandy team played seven seasons in the Swedish top division.", "title": "BK Ume-Trixa" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Hoffman co-founded LinkedIn in December 2002 with two former colleagues from SocialNet (including Allen Blue), a former college classmate and a former colleague from his time at Fujitsu. It launched on May 5, 2003, as one of the first business-oriented online social networks. Peter Thiel and Keith Rabois, colleagues of Hoffman's at PayPal, invested in LinkedIn. By November 2014, LinkedIn had over 332 million members in more than 200 countries and territories. The site allows registered users to create professional profiles and connect with each other. Users can invite anyone (whether a site user or not) to become a connection. According to Forbes, \"LinkedIn is, far and away, the most advantageous social networking tool available to job seekers and business professionals today.\"Hoffman was LinkedIn's founding CEO for the first four years before becoming chairman and president of products in February 2007. He became executive chairman in June 2009. With the IPO of LinkedIn on May 19, 2011, Hoffman owns a stake worth an estimated $2.34 billion, not including any potential benefits from Greylock Partners, where he was named a partner in 2009. Hoffman believes that many people still do not know how to use its service and it is LinkedIn's job to help them out. In an interview, Hoffman said that \"you have to think proactively about how to use a tool that enables your ability to move in ways that you weren't able to move before, and most of people are not very good at that\".Microsoft proposed to acquire LinkedIn on June 13, 2016 for $26.2 billion in cash. Hoffman became a Microsoft board member on March 14, 2017.", "title": "Reid Hoffman" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Härnösands AIK is a sports club in Härnösand, Sweden, established in 1945 and originally thought to be called BK Virgo but required to change name because the other name was already used. Active within bandy, the club earlier even ran soccer, track and field athletics, skiing and table tennis activity.", "title": "Härnösands AIK" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "After a player has been designated for assignment, the other 30 NHL teams can put in a claim or waive their claim for that player. The claims process starts at noon Eastern Time and ends 24 hours later. If only one team makes a claim for the player, then he will be transferred to the claiming team. If more than one team makes a claim, then the player will be transferred to the team having the lowest percentage of possible points in league standings at the time of the request for waivers. When a waiver claim has been secured, the claiming team must pay a transfer fee to the original club, though this fee is not counted against the salary cap. If waivers are requested outside the playing season, or before November 1, then the player shall be transferred to the team with the lowest points in the preceding season. If no team places a claim, the player can be sent to a minor league affiliate.", "title": "Waivers (NHL)" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Highway is a commercial - free hit country music radio channel on Sirius XM channel 56 (previously 60 on Sirius), and 56 on XM (previously 16) (where it replaced Highway 16 on XM) and channel 6056 on Dish Network.", "title": "The Highway (Sirius XM)" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Since then his career failed to live up to the earlier promise, but he still became an International Master and won five Leningrad (Saint Petersburg) championships, which at the time were equal in strength to a national championship of an average European country, with many titled players taking part. He combined his chess playing with a nine to five job as an engineer.", "title": "Andrey Lukin" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The New Yam Festival of the Igbo people (Orureshi in the idoma area, Iwa ji, Iri ji or Ike ji, depending on dialect) is an annual cultural festival by the Igbo people held at the end of the rainy season in early August.", "title": "New Yam Festival of the Igbo" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "SiriusXM NASCAR Radio Broadcast area United States Canada Slogan 24 / 7 Nascar Talk Frequency Sirius XM Radio 90 First air date January 1, 2007 Format sports radio Owner Sirius XM Radio Website Sirius XM NASCAR Radio", "title": "List of Sirius XM Radio channels" } ]

[ { "answer": "bandy", "id": 749342, "paragraph_support_idx": 0, "question": "IK Sirius BK >> sport", "raw_question": "IK Sirius BK >> sport", "statement": "IK Sirius BK plays bandy." }, { "answer": "England", "id": 213066, "paragraph_support_idx": 1, "question": "bandy >> country of origin", "raw_question": "#1 >> country of origin", "statement": "England is the country of origin of bandy." }, { "answer": "2.5", "id": 8723, "paragraph_support_idx": 10, "question": "What England 's average percentage for people claiming job seeker's allowance?", "raw_question": "What #2 's average percentage for people claiming job seeker's allowance?", "statement": "England's average percentage for people claiming job seeker's allowance is 2.5." } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Sky Fence is a public art work by artist Linda Howard located at the Lynden Sculpture Garden near Milwaukee, Wisconsin. The brushed aluminum sculpture has upright louvered elements; it is installed on the lawn. Howard erected the sculpture at Lynden in the fall of 1977. Of \"Sky Fence\", Howard said, \"The eye is forced up to the sky. It reaffirms the ground and transcends in the direction of the sky.\"", "title": "Sky Fence" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mount Chirripó is the highest mountain in Costa Rica with an elevation of 3,820 meters (12,533 feet). It is located in Chirripó National Park and is noted for its ecological wealth. The mountain was named ``Chirripo, ''meaning`` land of eternal waters'', by native Americans because there are many lakes and streams around the mountain. The high peaks in Chirripó National Park and La Amistad International Park host important areas of Talamancan montane forest and Costa Rican Páramo with high endemism and an extremely high biodiversity. The peaks of these mountains constitute sky islands for many species of plants and animals. Snow has not fallen on the peak in the past 100 years or so, according to the University of Costa Rica, but hail is sometimes reported.", "title": "Mount Chirripó" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Poldark (1975 -- 77), a BBC television series, used locations in the area. Tarry - Dan Tarry - Dan Scarey Old Spooky Man (1978), BBC supernatural play. The Nightmare Man (1981), BBC drama serial, filmed in and around the village -- which doubled for a Scottish island. Oscar and Lucinda (1997), film. Saving Grace (2000), a comedy film, was filmed in and around the village. DIY SOS (2001), featured the village hall being decorated. Doc Martin (2004 -- present), ITV series, seven series filmed in the port (using the fictional name of ``Portwenn ''; also used in the Sky Pictures movies Doc Martin and Doc Martin and the Legend of the Cloutie under its true name,`` Port Isaac''). The Shell Seekers (2005), a television production with Vanessa Redgrave, where the village was used as the backdrop and many scenes were shot in the main street.", "title": "Port Isaac" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Seekers of Tomorrow: Masters of Modern Science Fiction is a work of collective biography on the formative authors of the science fiction genre by Sam Moskowitz, first published in hardcover by the World Publishing Company in 1965. The first paperback edition was issued by Ballantine Books in October, 1967. A photographic reprint of the original edition was issued in both hardcover and trade paperback by Hyperion Press in 1974. Most of its chapters are revised versions of articles that initially appeared in the magazine \"Amazing Stories\" from 1961-1964.", "title": "Seekers of Tomorrow" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The track was written and produced by Tom Springfield, who was also responsible for most of The Seekers' subsequent hits.", "title": "I'll Never Find Another You" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Written in 2005, Moscow, Rough Draft by Sergey Lukyanenko is a fantasy novel of the \"parallel world\" genre. It was followed by \"Final Draft\".", "title": "Rough Draft (novel)" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Julian Colbeck (born 1952) is current CEO of Keyfax NewMedia and a former professional keyboard player of over 25 years, author of several music-related books and guides, the creator of Twiddly.Bits MIDI loops, the concept designer for the PhatBoy MIDI controller, and producer of several music technology DVDs and websites. He has played/collaborated with Greep, The New Seekers, Charlie, John Miles, Yes offshoot Anderson Bruford Wakeman Howe, and Genesis guitarist Steve Hackett. He also worked as a session player on numerous recordings, including the debut Vitamin Z album, produced by Alan Parsons, with whom he would later collaborate on the 2009 DVD set, \"Alan Parsons' The Art & Science of Sound Recording\".", "title": "Julian Colbeck" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Darrah (formerly Snow Creek and Darrah's) is an unincorporated community in Mariposa County, California. It is located on the southeast slope of Buckingham Mountain, on the east bank of Snow Creek, 8 miles (12.8 km) northeast of Mariposa, and south-southwest of El Portal, at an elevation of 3123 feet (952 m).", "title": "Darrah, California" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Llusca Ritti (possibly from Quechua \"llusk'a\" polished / slippery, \"rit'i\" snow, \"polished snow\" or \"slippery snow\") is a mountain in the Vilcanota mountain range in the Andes of Peru, about high. It is located in the Puno Region, Carabaya Province, Corani District. Llusca Ritti lies southeast of the mountains Taruca Sayana and Quello Sallayoc, southwest of the mountain Riti Huasi and north of the mountain Yana Sallayoc.", "title": "Llusca Ritti (Corani)" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Snow cover (averaging 3 -- 5 months per year) is formed at the beginning of November and melts in beginning of April, but in recent years snow cover has lasted shorter than usual. For example, in the winter of 2006 -- 2007 the snow cover did n't form until the end of January, and melted at the beginning of March; in 2007 -- 2008, the snow cover melted at the end of February, and in the 2008 -- 2009 winter, snow cover did n't form until the end of December, which is one month later than usual. Yet in 2011 - 2012 it melted in the middle of April.", "title": "Climate of Moscow" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ashes and Snow by Canadian artist Gregory Colbert is an installation of photographic artworks, films, and a novel in letters that travels in the Nomadic Museum, a temporary structure built exclusively to house the exhibition. The work explores the shared poetic sensibilities of human beings and animals. \"Ashes and Snow\" has traveled to Venice, New York City, Santa Monica, Tokyo, and Mexico City. To date, \"Ashes and Snow\" has attracted more than 10 million visitors, making it the most attended exhibition by a living artist in history.", "title": "Ashes and Snow" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Aerobics Oz Style is an Australian aerobic exercise instruction television series, shown in Australia on weekends and then weekdays on Network Ten at then and distributed to many other countries. It was cancelled by Channel Ten at the end of 2005. \"AOS\" continues to be broadcast on Australian television via AURORA Channel 183 - on the Foxtel Digital, Optus and Austar platforms - which broadcasts \"Aerobics Oz Style\" every day at 6.30am AEST and also 2.00pm AEST. In Europe Aerobics Oz Style is broadcast daily (weekends included) on Sky Sports 1 or Sky Sports 2 at 6:00 (GMT) and it's repeated daily on Sky Sports 3 or Sky Sports 4 at 11:30 and 16:30. In 2011 Sky Sports started to broadcast additional airings of the show. The program is now aired in the small hours of the morning, as early as, 00:30 (GMT).", "title": "Aerobics Oz Style" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Seekers of the Sky () is a series of two novels written by the popular Russian science fiction and fantasy writer Sergey Lukyanenko. The two novels, \"Cold Shores\" and \"Morning Nears\", are written as a mix of alternate history and fantasy genres. They basically describe the same story broken in two.", "title": "Seekers of the Sky" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Edward Rowe Snow (August 22, 1902 Winthrop, Massachusetts - April 10, 1982 Boston, Massachusetts) was an American author and historian.", "title": "Edward Rowe Snow" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Treasure Seekers is a 1979 British-American action film directed by Henry Levin and starring Rod Taylor, Stuart Whitman and Elke Sommer. It was shot on location in Jamaica.", "title": "The Treasure Seekers (1979 film)" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "December 23 / 24, 1989: Light rain in Jacksonville turns to freezing rain as temperatures drop, and later changes to snow. The snow totals several inches in some locations, and results in the first White Christmas in the city's history. Picture of the December 23, 1989, Jacksonville snowfall Light snow falls across central Florida as far south as southern Pinellas County on the 23rd, though the official weather station in St. Petersburg experiences only a light sleet.", "title": "Snow in Florida" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Sky Hooks is a painted sheet steel sculpture by Alexander Calder, constructed in 1962. It is located at the Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden.", "title": "Sky Hooks" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Aozora Bunko (, literally the \"Blue Sky Library\", also known as the \"Open Air Library\") is a Japanese digital library. This online collection encompasses several thousands of works of Japanese-language fiction and non-fiction. These include out-of-copyright books or works that the authors wish to make freely available.", "title": "Aozora Bunko" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "BSkyB initially charged additional subscription fees for using a Sky+ PVR with their service; waiving the charge for subscribers whose package included two or more premium channels. This changed as from 1 July 2007, and now customers that have Sky+ and subscribe to any BSkyB subscription package get Sky+ included at no extra charge. Customers that do not subscribe to BSkyB's channels can still pay a monthly fee to enable Sky+ functions. In January 2010 BSkyB discontinued the Sky+ Box, limited the standard Sky Box to Multiroom upgrade only and started to issue the Sky+HD Box as standard, thus giving all new subscribers the functions of Sky+. In February 2011 BSkyB discontinued the non-HD variant of its Multiroom box, offering a smaller version of the SkyHD box without Sky+ functionality. In September 2007, Sky launched a new TV advertising campaign targeting Sky+ at women. As of 31 March 2008, Sky had 3,393,000 Sky+ users.", "title": "Sky UK" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Master and Commander is a nautical historical novel by the English author Patrick O'Brian, first published in 1969 in the US and 1970 in UK. The book proved to be the start of the 20-novel Aubrey-Maturin series, set largely in the era of the Napoleonic Wars, that O'Brian continued working on up until his death in 2000.", "title": "Master and Commander" } ]

[ { "answer": "Sergey Lukyanenko", "id": 292815, "paragraph_support_idx": 12, "question": "Seekers of the Sky >> author", "raw_question": "Seekers of the Sky >> author", "statement": "Sergey Lukyanenko is the author of Seekers of the Sky." }, { "answer": "Moscow", "id": 208791, "paragraph_support_idx": 5, "question": "Sergey Lukyanenko >> work location", "raw_question": "#1 >> work location", "statement": "Sergey Lukyanenko works in Moscow." }, { "answer": "the beginning of November", "id": 90300, "paragraph_support_idx": 9, "question": "when does it start to snow in Moscow", "raw_question": "when does it start to snow in #2", "statement": "It starts to snow in Moscow at the beginning of November." } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "(with free flow at this location, see Figure 8). This means that many wide moving jams have similar features under similar conditions. These parameters are relatively predictable. The movement of the downstream jam front can be illustrated in the flow-density plane by a line, which is called \"Line J\" (Line J in Figure 8). The slope of the Line J is the velocity of the downstream jam front", "title": "Three-phase traffic theory" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "November 2, 2016 8: 02 pm (EDT) at Progressive Field in Cleveland, Ohio, 69 ° F (21 ° C), partly cloudy Team 5 6 7 8 9 10 Chicago 0 0 0 0 0 8 13 Cleveland 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 11 WP: Aroldis Chapman (1 -- 0) LP: Bryan Shaw (0 -- 1) Sv: Mike Montgomery (1) Home runs: CHC: Dexter Fowler (2), Javier Báez (1), David Ross (1) CLE: Rajai Davis (1) Attendance: 38,104 Boxscore", "title": "2016 World Series" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Born in Anserma, Colombia, Jay Ramirez moved to London at the age of 12 and trained as a figure skater at the Queensway Ice Rink.", "title": "Jay Ramirez" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Memorial to Ippolito Merenda is a funerary monument designed by the Italian artist Gian Lorenzo Bernini between 1636 and 1638. Along with the similar monument for Alessandro Valtrini, this artwork was a startling new approach to funerary monuments, incorporating dynamic, flowing inscriptions being dragged by a moving figure of death. It is in the church of San Giacomo alla Lungara in Rome.", "title": "Memorial to Ippolito Merenda" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Sudhakar Ram was born on 8 September 1960 in Chennai. His early childhood and schooling was in Delhi and Kolkata. When he was eight, his family moved to Chennai. Sudhakar Ram graduated in Commerce from Loyola College, Chennai and completed his MBA from IIM Calcutta. He was the silver medalist at IIM-C. At IIM-C, he developed a keen interest in computers.", "title": "Sudhakar Ram" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ionatana Ionatana, CVO, OBE (November 5, 1938 – December 8, 2000), was a political figure from the Pacific nation of Tuvalu. He represented the constituency of Funafuti in the Parliament of Tuvalu. He was the fifth Prime Minister of Tuvalu from 27 April 1999 until his death on 8 December 2000.", "title": "Ionatana Ionatana" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ryan Tucker (born June 12, 1975) is a retired offensive tackle who played for the St. Louis Rams and Cleveland Browns in the National Football League. He was drafted by the St. Louis Rams in the fourth round of the 1997 NFL Draft. He played college football at Texas Christian.", "title": "Ryan Tucker" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Figure 8 is the fifth studio album by American singer-songwriter Elliott Smith, and the final album he completed before his death. It was recorded from 1998 to 2000 at numerous studios and released on April 18, 2000 through DreamWorks Records. Preceded by the singles \"Happiness\" and \"Son of Sam\", \"Figure 8\" was Smith's second release on a major label.", "title": "Figure 8 (album)" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, located on the shore of Lake Erie in downtown Cleveland, Ohio, recognizes and archives the history of the best - known and most influential artists, producers, engineers, and other notable figures who have had some major influence on the development of rock and roll. The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame Foundation was established on April 20, 1983, by Atlantic Records founder and chairman Ahmet Ertegun. In 1986, Cleveland was chosen as the Hall of Fame's permanent home.", "title": "Rock and Roll Hall of Fame" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Billy Joe Gibson (June 28, 1919October 19, 2002) was an American football defensive back and end in the National Football League for the Cleveland Rams (1942, 1944) and the Washington Redskins (1943). Gibson also played in the All-America Football Conference for the Brooklyn Dodgers. He played college football at the University of Tulsa.", "title": "Joe Gibson" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "According to the liner notes, the album is dedicated to the memory of fellow Los Angeles-based musician Elliott Smith and to Bomp! Records founder Greg Shaw.", "title": "Surgery (album)" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Cleveland Browns relocation controversy, sometimes referred to by fans as ``The Move '', was the decision by then - Browns owner Art Modell to relocate the National Football League (NFL)'s Cleveland Browns from its long - time home of Cleveland to Baltimore during the 1995 NFL season. Subsequent legal actions by the city of Cleveland and Browns season ticket holders led the NFL to broker a compromise that saw the Browns history, records, and intellectual property remain in Cleveland. In return, Modell was permitted to move his football organization to Baltimore where he established the Baltimore Ravens. The Ravens are officially regarded by the NFL as an expansion team that began play in 1996. The city of Cleveland agreed to demolish Cleveland Stadium and build a new stadium on the same site, and the NFL agreed to reactivate the Browns by the 1999 season through either an expansion draft or a relocated franchise. The Browns were officially reactivated in 1998 through the expansion process and resumed play in 1999.", "title": "Cleveland Browns relocation controversy" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Los Angeles Rams are a professional American football team that play in the National Football League (NFL). The Rams franchise was founded in 1936 as the Cleveland Rams in the short - lived second American Football League before joining the NFL the next year. In 1946, the franchise moved to Los Angeles. The Rams franchise remained in the metro area until 1994, when they moved to St. Louis, and were known as the St. Louis Rams from 1995 to 2015. The Rams franchise returned to Los Angeles in 2016. This article chronicles the franchise's history during their time in Los Angeles, from playing at the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum between 1946 and 1979, to playing at Anaheim Stadium (now known as Angel Stadium of Anaheim) in Anaheim from 1980 to 1994, and its return to Southern California beginning with the 2016 season.", "title": "History of the Los Angeles Rams" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Carlo Bartolomeo Rastrelli (1675 in Florence, Italy – 18 November 1744 in Saint Petersburg, Russia) was an Italian sculptor and architect. Born in Italy, he moved in 1716 to Russia, where he worked until his death. His most famous works include the Monument to Peter I (St. Michael's Castle) and a wax figure and several busts of Peter the Great. His son Francesco Bartolomeo Rastrelli became a prominent architect in Russia.", "title": "Carlo Bartolomeo Rastrelli" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Smith's first Macintosh board was built to Raskin's design specifications: it had 64 kilobytes (kB) of RAM, used the Motorola 6809E microprocessor, and was capable of supporting a 256×256-pixel black-and-white bitmap display. Bud Tribble, a member of the Mac team, was interested in running the Apple Lisa's graphical programs on the Macintosh, and asked Smith whether he could incorporate the Lisa's Motorola 68000 microprocessor into the Mac while still keeping the production cost down. By December 1980, Smith had succeeded in designing a board that not only used the 68000, but increased its speed from 5 MHz to 8 MHz; this board also had the capacity to support a 384×256-pixel display. Smith's design used fewer RAM chips than the Lisa, which made production of the board significantly more cost-efficient. The final Mac design was self-contained and had the complete QuickDraw picture language and interpreter in 64 kB of ROM – far more than most other computers; it had 128 kB of RAM, in the form of sixteen 64 kilobit (kb) RAM chips soldered to the logicboard. Though there were no memory slots, its RAM was expandable to 512 kB by means of soldering sixteen IC sockets to accept 256 kb RAM chips in place of the factory-installed chips. The final product's screen was a 9-inch, 512x342 pixel monochrome display, exceeding the size of the planned screen.", "title": "Macintosh" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Cleveland began the season with a win against the Philadelphia Eagles, who had won the previous two NFL championships. The Browns won all but two of their regular-season games, both losses coming against the New York Giants. Cleveland ended the season with a 10–2 win–loss record, tied with the Giants for first place in the American Conference. The tie forced a playoff that the Browns won, 8–3. Los Angeles, meanwhile, finished the season 9–3, tied with the Chicago Bears for first place in the National Conference. The Rams won their playoff, setting up the championship matchup with the Browns, in which the Browns were four-point favorites at home.", "title": "1950 NFL Championship Game" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Figure skating is a sport in which individuals, duos, or groups perform on figure skates on ice. It was the first winter sport included in the Olympics, in 1908. The four Olympic disciplines are men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dance. Non-Olympic disciplines include synchronized skating, Theater on Ice, and four skating. From novice through senior - level competition, skaters generally perform two programs (short and long) which, depending on the discipline, may include spins, jumps, moves in the field, lifts, throw jumps, death spirals, and other elements or moves.", "title": "Figure skating" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Pieter Kollen (May 27, 1939—August 5, 2007) was an American figure skater and coach. In 1962 he won the U.S. Figure Skating Championships in pair skating with partner Dorothyann Nelson, and also placed second in the ice dance competition at the same event. They placed 8th in pairs and 7th in dance at the 1962 World Figure Skating Championships.", "title": "Pieter Kollen" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The professional American football franchise now known as the Los Angeles Rams played in St. Louis, Missouri, as the St. Louis Rams from the 1995 through the 2015 seasons. The Rams franchise relocated from Los Angeles to St. Louis in 1995, which had been without a National Football League (NFL) team since the Cardinals moved to Phoenix, Arizona, in 1988. The Rams' first home game in St. Louis was at Busch Memorial Stadium against the New Orleans Saints on September 10, 1995, before the Trans World Dome (later the Edward Jones Dome, and now known as The Dome at America's Center) was completed for their November 12 game against the Carolina Panthers. Their last game played at the Edward Jones Dome in St. Louis was against the Tampa Bay Buccaneers on December 17, 2015, which they won, 31 -- 23. The Rams' last game as a St. Louis - based club was on January 3, 2016, against the San Francisco 49ers at Levi's Stadium, where they lost in overtime 19 -- 16.", "title": "History of the St. Louis Rams" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Cleveland Pops Orchestra is a non-profit professional American pops orchestra based in Cleveland, Ohio. As is typical of pops orchestras, the ensemble performs popular music (generally traditional pop), cinematic music, jazz, and show tunes as well as well-known classical works. The orchestra was founded in 1995 and performs most of its concerts at Severance Hall. The orchestra enjoys a friendly relationship with the Cleveland Orchestra and has appeared in concert at the Cleveland Orchestra's Blossom Festival. The orchestra is led by conductor Carl Topilow.", "title": "Cleveland Pops Orchestra" } ]

[ { "answer": "Elliott Smith", "id": 445143, "paragraph_support_idx": 7, "question": "Figure 8 >> performer", "raw_question": "Figure 8 >> performer", "statement": "Elliott Smith was the performer of the album Figure 8." }, { "answer": "Los Angeles", "id": 434582, "paragraph_support_idx": 10, "question": "Elliott Smith >> place of death", "raw_question": "#1 >> place of death", "statement": "Elliott Smith died in Los Angeles." }, { "answer": "1946", "id": 74310, "paragraph_support_idx": 12, "question": "when did the cleveland rams move to Los Angeles", "raw_question": "when did the cleveland rams move to #2", "statement": "The Cleveland Rams moved to Los Angeles in 1946." } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Russian Revolution is the series of revolutions in Russia in 1917, which destroyed the Tsarist autocracy and led to the creation of the Soviet Union. Following the abdication of Nicholas II of Russia, the Russian Provisional Government was established. In October 1917, a red faction revolution occurred in which the Red Guard, armed groups of workers and deserting soldiers directed by the Bolshevik Party, seized control of Saint Petersburg (then known as Petrograd) and began an immediate armed takeover of cities and villages throughout the former Russian Empire.", "title": "Modern history" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Allies of World War II, called the United Nations from the 1 January 1942 declaration, were the countries that together opposed the Axis powers during the Second World War (1939 -- 1945). The Allies promoted the alliance as seeking to stop German, Japanese and Italian aggression.", "title": "Allies of World War II" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Gurkhas, a martial tribe, came to power in Nepal in the year 1768. They consolidated their military power and began to expand their territory. Gradually, the Gorkhas annexed Sirmour and Shimla. With the leadership of Amar Singh Thapa, Gorkhas laid siege to Kangra. They managed to defeat Sansar Chand Katoch, the ruler of Kangra, in 1806 with the help of many provincial chiefs. However, Gurkhas could not capture Kangra fort which came under Maharaja Ranjeet Singh in 1809. After the defeat, the Gurkhas began to expand towards the south of the state. However, Raja Ram Singh, Raja of Siba State managed to capture the fort of Siba from the remnants of Lahore Darbar in Samvat 1846, during the First Anglo-Sikh War. They came into direct conflict with the British along the tarai belt after which the British expelled them from the provinces of the Satluj. The British gradually emerged as the paramount power. In the revolt of 1857, or first Indian war of independence, arising from a number of grievances against the British, the people of the hill states were not as politically active as were those in other parts of the country. They and their rulers, with the exception of Bushahr, remained more or less inactive. Some, including the rulers of Chamba, Bilaspur, Bhagal and Dhami, rendered help to the British government during the revolt.", "title": "Himachal Pradesh" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Auspitz's sign is the appearance of punctate bleeding spots when psoriasis scales are scraped off, named after Heinrich Auspitz. This happens because there is thinning of the epidermal layer overlying the tips of the dermal papillae and blood vessels within the papillae are dilated and tortuous, which bleed readily when the scale is removed.", "title": "Auspitz's sign" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "When World War II broke out in 1939, Bergmann sought to join the South African army, but as he felt his name was too German-sounding (there was significant anti-German feeling as the war loomed, and as the Nazi persecution of the Jews and the Holocaust had not yet happened, this feeling made no distinction between Germans and German Jews), he removed the second \"n\" from his name, adopting the Dutch variation of the surname.", "title": "Walter Bergman" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The interwar period was also marked by a radical change in the international order, away from the balance of power that had dominated pre–World War I Europe. One main institution that was meant to bring stability was the League of Nations, which was created after the First World War with the intention of maintaining world security and peace and encouraging economic growth between member countries. The League was undermined by the bellicosity of Nazi Germany, Imperial Japan, the Soviet Union, and Mussolini's Italy, and by the non-participation of the United States, leading many to question its effectiveness and legitimacy.", "title": "Modern history" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Tug of war was contested as a team event in the Summer Olympics at every Olympiad from 1900 to 1920. Originally the competition was entered by groups called clubs. A country could enter more than one club in the competition, making it possible for one country to earn multiple medals. This happened in 1904, when the United States won all three medals, and in 1908 when the podium was occupied by three British teams. Sweden was also among the top countries with two medals, one as a member of the mixed team.", "title": "Tug of war at the Summer Olympics" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Nicholas II -- last Czar of Russia, titular King of Poland, and Grand Duke of Finland. His rule ended with the Russian Revolution. Nicholas was killed on 17 July 1918.", "title": "Allied leaders of World War I" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "When World War II started in 1939, it divided the world into two alliances—the Allies (the United Kingdom and France at first in Europe, China in Asia since 1937, followed in 1941 by the Soviet Union, the United States); and the Axis powers consisting of Germany, Italy and Japan.[nb 1] During World War II, the United States, United Kingdom, and Soviet Union controlled Allied policy and emerged as the \"Big Three\". The Republic of China and the Big Three were referred as a \"trusteeship of the powerful\" and were recognized as the Allied \"Big Four\" in Declaration by United Nations in 1942. These four countries were referred as the \"Four Policemen\" of the Allies and considered as the primary victors of World War II. The importance of France was acknowledged by their inclusion, along with the other four, in the group of countries allotted permanent seats in the United Nations Security Council.", "title": "Great power" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "During George's reign the break-up of the British Empire and its transition into the Commonwealth of Nations accelerated. The parliament of the Irish Free State removed direct mention of the monarch from the country's constitution on the day of his accession. From 1939, the Empire and Commonwealth, except Ireland, was at war with Nazi Germany. War with Italy and Japan followed in 1940 and 1941, respectively. Though Britain and its allies were ultimately victorious in 1945, the United States and the Soviet Union rose as pre-eminent world powers and the British Empire declined. After the independence of India and Pakistan in 1947, George remained as king of both countries, but the title Emperor of India was abandoned in June 1948. Ireland formally declared itself a republic and left the Commonwealth in 1949, and India became a republic within the Commonwealth the following year. George adopted the new title of Head of the Commonwealth. He was beset by health problems in the later years of his reign. His elder daughter, Elizabeth, succeeded him.", "title": "George VI" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Murtala Muhammed International Airport (MMIA) (IATA: LOS, ICAO: DNMM) is an international airport located in Ikeja, Lagos State, Nigeria, and is the major airport serving the entire state. The airport was initially built during World War II and is named after Murtala Muhammed, the 4th military ruler of Nigeria.", "title": "Murtala Muhammed International Airport" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "During the early years of the Cold War from 1946 to 1958, the United States tested 67 nuclear weapons at its Pacific Proving Grounds located in the Marshall Islands, including the largest atmospheric nuclear test ever conducted by the U.S., code named Castle Bravo. \"The bombs had a total yield of 108,496 kilotons, over 7,200 times more powerful than the atomic weapons used during World War II.\" With the 1952 test of the first U.S. hydrogen bomb, code named \"Ivy Mike,\" the island of Elugelab in the Enewetak atoll was destroyed. In 1956, the United States Atomic Energy Commission regarded the Marshall Islands as \"by far the most contaminated place in the world.\"", "title": "Marshall Islands" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Roman expansion in Italy covers a series of conflicts in which the city - state of Rome grew from being the dominant state in Latium to become the ruler of all of Italy. The first major Roman conquest in historical times came with the final defeat of her neighbour Veii in 396 BC. In the second half of the 4th century BC Rome clashed repeatedly with the Samnites, a powerful tribal coalition. By the end of these wars Rome had become the most powerful state in Italy. The last threat to Roman hegemony came when Tarentum enlisted the aid of Pyrrhus of Epirus during the Pyrrhic War (282 -- 273 BC). By 218 BC Roman conquest of Italy had been completed. Conquered territories were incorporated into the growing Roman state in a number of ways: land confiscations, establishment of coloniae, granting of full or partial Roman citizenship and military alliances with nominally independent states. The successful conquest of Italy gave Rome access to a manpower pool unrivalled by any contemporary state and paved the way to the eventual Roman domination of the entire Mediterranean world.", "title": "Roman expansion in Italy" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Morgenthau Plan ( ) by the Allied occupation of Germany following World War II was a proposal to eliminate Germany's ability to wage war by eliminating its arms industry, and the removal or destruction of other key industries basic to military strength. This included the removal or destruction of all industrial plants and equipment in the Ruhr. It was first proposed by United States Secretary of the Treasury Henry Morgenthau Jr. in a memorandum entitled \"Suggested Post-Surrender Program for Germany\".", "title": "Morgenthau Plan" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Coordinating Committee for Multilateral Export Controls (CoCom) was established by Western bloc powers in the first five years after the end of World War II, during the Cold War, to put an arms embargo on Comecon countries. CoCom ceased to function on March 31, 1994, and the then-current control list of embargoed goods was retained by the member nations until the successor, the Wassenaar Arrangement, was established.", "title": "Coordinating Committee for Multilateral Export Controls" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Royal power in Wales was unevenly applied, with the country divided between the marcher lords along the borders, royal territories in Pembrokeshire and the more independent native Welsh lords of North Wales. John took a close interest in Wales and knew the country well, visiting every year between 1204 and 1211 and marrying his illegitimate daughter, Joan, to the Welsh prince Llywelyn the Great. The king used the marcher lords and the native Welsh to increase his own territory and power, striking a sequence of increasingly precise deals backed by royal military power with the Welsh rulers. A major royal expedition to enforce these agreements occurred in 1211, after Llywelyn attempted to exploit the instability caused by the removal of William de Braose, through the Welsh uprising of 1211. John's invasion, striking into the Welsh heartlands, was a military success. Llywelyn came to terms that included an expansion of John's power across much of Wales, albeit only temporarily.", "title": "John, King of England" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The State Counsellor (, the 5th grade in the Table of Ranks of Imperial Russia) is the sixth novel in the Erast Fandorin historical detective series by Boris Akunin. It is subtitled \"political detective mystery\" (). \"The State Counsellor\" was originally published in Russia in 2000. The English translation was published in January 2008.", "title": "The State Counsellor" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The original Cubist architecture is very rare. There is only one country in the world where Cubism was really applied to architecture – namely Bohemia (today Czech Republic) and especially its capital, Prague. Czech architects were the first and only ones in the world to ever design original Cubist buildings. Cubist architecture flourished for the most part between 1910–1914, but the Cubist or Cubism-influenced buildings were also built after the World War I. After the war, the architectural style called Rondo-Cubism was developed in Prague fusing the Cubist architecture with round shapes.", "title": "Cubism" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "USS \"Monitor\" (LSV-5/AN-1/AP-160/MCS-5) was an built for the United States Navy during World War II. She was named after the original (the first ironclad warship commissioned by the Navy), and was the second U.S. Naval vessel to bear the name.", "title": "USS Monitor (LSV-5)" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "World War II (often abbreviated to WWII or WW2), also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945, although related conflicts began earlier. The vast majority of the world's countries -- including all of the great powers -- eventually formed two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis. It was the most global war in history; it directly involved more than 100 million people from over 30 countries. In a state of total war, the major participants threw their entire economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities behind the war effort, blurring the distinction between civilian and military resources. World War II was the deadliest conflict in human history, marked by 50 to 85 million fatalities, most of which were civilians in the Soviet Union and China. It included massacres, the genocide of the Holocaust, strategic bombing, premeditated death from starvation and disease and the only use of nuclear weapons in war.", "title": "World War II" } ]

[ { "answer": "Russia", "id": 106443, "paragraph_support_idx": 16, "question": "What country did The State Counsellor originate?", "raw_question": "What country did The State Counsellor originate?", "statement": "The State Counsellor originated in Russia." }, { "answer": "Nicholas II", "id": 66733, "paragraph_support_idx": 7, "question": "name the ruler of Russia during first world war", "raw_question": "name the ruler of #1 during first world war", "statement": "Nicholas II was the ruler of Russia during World War I." }, { "answer": "the Russian Provisional Government was established.", "id": 33264, "paragraph_support_idx": 0, "question": "What happened when Nicholas II was removed from power?", "raw_question": "What happened when #2 was removed from power?", "statement": "The Russian Provisional Government was established when Nicholas II was removed from power." } ]

[ "Russian Provisional Government" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Biblioteca Ayacucho (\"Ayacucho Library\") is an editorial entity of the government of Venezuela, founded on September 10, 1974. It is managed by the \"Fundación Biblioteca Ayacucho\". Its name, \"Ayacucho\", comes from the intention to honor the definitive and crucial Battle of Ayacucho that took place December 9, 1824 between Spain and the territories of the Americas, prior to the full independence of the continent.", "title": "Biblioteca Ayacucho" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Arrondissement of Mechelen (; ) is one of the three administrative arrondissements in the Province of Antwerp, Belgium. It is both an administrative and a judicial arrondissement, as the territory for both coincides.", "title": "Arrondissement of Mechelen" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Municipio XIX was an administrative subdivision of the city of Rome. Following the administrative reform of 11 March 2013, it was suppressed and merged into the new, and coextensive, Municipio XIV. Its territory is situated to the north-west part of the municipality of Rome.", "title": "Municipio XIX" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Tatra County () is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Lesser Poland Voivodeship, southern Poland, on the Slovak border. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and only town is Zakopane, which lies south of the regional capital Kraków. The county takes its name from the Tatra mountain range, which covers most of its territory.", "title": "Tatra County" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Back in Warsaw that year, Chopin heard Niccolò Paganini play the violin, and composed a set of variations, Souvenir de Paganini. It may have been this experience which encouraged him to commence writing his first Études, (1829–32), exploring the capacities of his own instrument. On 11 August, three weeks after completing his studies at the Warsaw Conservatory, he made his debut in Vienna. He gave two piano concerts and received many favourable reviews—in addition to some commenting (in Chopin's own words) that he was \"too delicate for those accustomed to the piano-bashing of local artists\". In one of these concerts, he premiered his Variations on Là ci darem la mano, Op. 2 (variations on an aria from Mozart's opera Don Giovanni) for piano and orchestra. He returned to Warsaw in September 1829, where he premiered his Piano Concerto No. 2 in F minor, Op. 21 on 17 March 1830.", "title": "Frédéric Chopin" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The ZEC Bras-Coupé-Desert is a \"zone d'exploitation contrôlée\" (controlled harvesting zone) (ZEC), located in the unorganized territory of Lac-Pythonga in La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of Outaouais, in Quebec, in Canada.", "title": "Zec Bras-Coupé–Désert" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Khabarovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It consists of two unconnected segments separated by the territory of Amursky District, which are located in the southwest of the krai. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Khabarovsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population:", "title": "Khabarovsky District" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bani Walid or Ben Walid, prior to 2007, was one of the districts of Libya, administrative town Bani Walid. In the 2007 administrative reorganization the territory formerly in Bani Walid District was transferred to Misrata District.", "title": "Bani Walid District" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In April 2014, the Marussia Motors company was disbanded, with staff leaving to join a government-run technical institute. The Marussia F1 team continued unaffected as a British entity, independent of the Russian car company. However, on 7 November 2014 the administrator announced that the F1 team had ceased trading.", "title": "Marussia Motors" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Jefferson Township is one of seventeen townships in Kosciusko County, Indiana. As of the 2010 census, its population was 2,040 and it contained 677 housing units.", "title": "Jefferson Township, Kosciusko County, Indiana" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Warsaw Community High School is a public high school located in Warsaw, Indiana, the county seat of Kosciusko County. It is in the Warsaw Community Schools Corporation. The school's principal is Troy Akers. The current building located on State Road 15 was built in 1990.", "title": "Warsaw Community High School" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Paea is a commune in the suburbs of Papeete in French Polynesia, an overseas territory of France in the southern Pacific Ocean. Paea is located on the island of Tahiti, in the administrative subdivision of the Windward Islands, themselves part of the Society Islands. At the 2017 census it had a population of 13,021.", "title": "Paea" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Republic of Užice ( / ) was a short-lived liberated Yugoslav territory and the first liberated territory in World War II Europe, organized as a military mini-state that existed in the autumn of 1941 in occupied Yugoslavia, more specifically the western part of the Territory of the Military Commander in Serbia. The Republic was established by the Partisan resistance movement and its administrative center was in the town of Užice.", "title": "Republic of Užice" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Neilson River flows into the territory of the municipality of Saint-Raymond, in the Portneuf Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of the Capitale-Nationale, in Quebec, in Canada.", "title": "Neilson River" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "James Stokes Millner MD (1830 – 25 February 1875) was a medical practitioner and administrator in the early history of the Northern Territory of Australia.", "title": "James Millner (doctor)" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Vilnius County () is the largest of the 10 counties of Lithuania, located in the east of the country around the city Vilnius. On 1 July 2010, the county administration was abolished, and since that date, Vilnius County remains as the territorial and statistical unit.", "title": "Vilnius County" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Biysky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai and borders with Zonalny, Tselinny, Soltonsky, Krasnogorsky, Sovetsky, and Smolensky Districts, as well as with the territory of the City of Biysk. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Biysk (which is not administratively a part of the district). District's population:", "title": "Biysky District" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Local associations of a special kind are an amalgamation of one or more Landkreise with one or more Kreisfreie Städte to form a replacement of the aforementioned administrative entities at the district level. They are intended to implement simplification of administration at that level. Typically, a district-free city or town and its urban hinterland are grouped into such an association, or Kommunalverband besonderer Art. Such an organization requires the issuing of special laws by the governing state, since they are not covered by the normal administrative structure of the respective states.", "title": "States of Germany" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "A union territory is a type of administrative division in the Republic of India. Unlike states, which have their own elected governments, union territories are ruled directly by the Union Government (central government), hence the name ``union territory ''. Union territories in India qualify as federal territories, by definition.", "title": "Union territory" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country.", "title": "Bogotá" } ]

[ { "answer": "Kosciusko County", "id": 274496, "paragraph_support_idx": 9, "question": "Jefferson Township >> located in the administrative territorial entity", "raw_question": "Jefferson Township >> located in the administrative territorial entity", "statement": "Kosciusko County is the administrative territorial entity where Jefferson Township is located." }, { "answer": "Warsaw", "id": 201474, "paragraph_support_idx": 10, "question": "Kosciusko County >> contains administrative territorial entity", "raw_question": "#1 >> contains administrative territorial entity", "statement": "Kosciusko County contains Jefferson Township." }, { "answer": "September 1829", "id": 495, "paragraph_support_idx": 4, "question": "When did Chopin return to Warsaw ?", "raw_question": "When did Chopin return to #2 ?", "statement": "Chopin returned to Warsaw in September 1829." } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ramabai Ranade was a pioneer of the modern women's movement in India and outside. She was the founder and president of the \"Seva Sadan\", which is the most successful of all Indian women's institution and is attended by thousands of women. The immense popularity of the institution was due to the fact that it was under Ramabai's close personal supervision.", "title": "Ramabai Ranade" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Social Enterprise Association, also known as \"SE Association\", is a platform to bring together social entrepreneurs, social enterprises, academic institutions, and businesses in Singapore. The goal of the SE Association is to strengthen the culture of social entrepreneurship and social enterprises so as to bring about positive social impact within Singapore.", "title": "Social Enterprise Association" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The entrances are on Aurobindo Marg, the east side just outside the All India Institute of Medical Sciences. Safdarjung Hospital is just west of the station.", "title": "AIIMS metro station" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "This effectively means that populations of organisms must have reached a certain measurable level of difference to be recognised as subspecies. Dean Amadon proposed in 1949 that subspecies would be defined according to the seventy-five percent rule which means that 75% of a population must lie outside 99% of the range of other populations for a given defining morphological character or a set of characters. The seventy-five percent rule still has defenders but other scholars argue that it should be replaced with ninety or ninety-five percent rule.", "title": "Race (human categorization)" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Gwenfritz is a painted steel abstract stabile, by Alexander Calder. It is located at the National Museum of American History, at 14th Street, and Constitution Avenue, in Washington, D.C.", "title": "Gwenfritz" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The interwar period was also marked by a radical change in the international order, away from the balance of power that had dominated pre–World War I Europe. One main institution that was meant to bring stability was the League of Nations, which was created after the First World War with the intention of maintaining world security and peace and encouraging economic growth between member countries. The League was undermined by the bellicosity of Nazi Germany, Imperial Japan, the Soviet Union, and Mussolini's Italy, and by the non-participation of the United States, leading many to question its effectiveness and legitimacy.", "title": "Modern history" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Located in the American South, Houston is a diverse city with a large and growing international community. The metropolitan area is home to an estimated 1.1 million (21.4 percent) residents who were born outside the United States, with nearly two-thirds of the area's foreign-born population from south of the United States–Mexico border. Additionally, more than one in five foreign-born residents are from Asia. The city is home to the nation's third-largest concentration of consular offices, representing 86 countries.", "title": "Houston" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The state is among the best in pre-kindergarten education, and the National Institute for Early Education Research rated it first in the United States with regard to standards, quality, and access to pre-kindergarten education in 2004, calling it a model for early childhood schooling. High school dropout rate decreased from 3.1 to 2.5 percent between 2007 and 2008 with Oklahoma ranked among 18 other states with 3 percent or less dropout rate. In 2004, the state ranked 36th in the nation for the relative number of adults with high school diplomas, though at 85.2 percent, it had the highest rate among southern states.", "title": "Oklahoma" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Delta Solar is a public artwork by Venezuelan sculptor Alejandro Otero located outside of the National Air and Space Museum in Washington, DC, United States. \"Delta Solar\" is meant to pay homage to modern technology and the Inca sun cult.", "title": "Delta Solar" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Culiacancito is a small town located just outside, and northwest, of the larger city of Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico. Footballer Jared Borgetti was born here.", "title": "Culiacancito" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 2016 the U.S. Census Bureau estimated the total population of Vietnamese American was 2,067,527 (92.9% reporting one race, 6.5% reporting two races, 0.5% reporting three races, and 0.1% reporting four or more races). California and Texas had the highest concentrations of Vietnamese Americans: 40 and 12 percent, respectively. Other states with concentrations of Vietnamese Americans were Washington, Florida (four percent each) and Virginia (three percent). The largest number of Vietnamese outside Vietnam is in Orange County, California (184,153, or 6.1 percent of the county's population), followed by Los Angeles and Santa Clara counties; the three counties accounted for 26 percent of the Vietnamese immigrant population in the United States. Many Vietnamese American businesses exist in the Little Saigon of Westminster and Garden Grove, where Vietnamese Americans make up 40.2 and 27.7 percent of the population respectively. About 41 percent of the Vietnamese immigrant population lives in five major metropolitan areas: in descending order, Los Angeles, San Jose, Houston, San Francisco and Dallas - Fort Worth. The Vietnamese immigration pattern has shifted to other states, including Denver, Boston, Chicago, Oklahoma (Oklahoma City and Tulsa in particular) and Oregon (Portland in particular).", "title": "Vietnamese Americans" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Pacific High, and with it the trade - wind zone, moves north and south with changing angle of the sun, so that it reaches its northernmost position in the summer. This brings trade winds during the period of May through September, when they are prevalent 80 to 95 percent of the time. From October through April, the heart of the trade winds moves south of Hawaii; however, the winds still blow much of the time. They provide a system of natural year - long ventilation throughout the islands and bring mild temperatures characteristic of air that has moved great distances across tropical waters.", "title": "Climate of Hawaii" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The National Institutes of Technology (NITs) are autonomous public institutes of higher education, located in India. They are governed by the National Institutes of Technology Act, 2007, which declared them as institutions of national importance alongside Indian Institutes of Technology. These institutes of national importance receive special recognition from the Government of India. The NIT Council is the supreme governing body of India's National Institutes of Technology (NIT) system and all 31 NITs are funded by the Government of India. These institutes are among the top ranked engineering colleges in India and have one of the lowest acceptance rates for engineering institutes, of around 2 to 3 percent, second only to the Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs) in India. All NITs are autonomous which enables them to set up their own curriculum. The language of instruction is English at all these institutes.", "title": "National Institutes of Technology" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Several universities located outside Boston have a major presence in the city. Harvard University, the nation's oldest institute of higher education, is centered across the Charles River in Cambridge but has the majority of its land holdings and a substantial amount of its educational activities in Boston. Its business, medical, dental, and public health schools are located in Boston's Allston and Longwood neighborhoods. Harvard has plans for additional expansion into Allston. The Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), which originated in Boston and was long known as \"Boston Tech\", moved across the river to Cambridge in 1916. Tufts University, whose main campus is north of the city in Somerville and Medford, locates its medical and dental school in Boston's Chinatown at Tufts Medical Center, a 451-bed academic medical institution that is home to both a full-service hospital for adults and the Floating Hospital for Children.", "title": "Boston" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "A large number of international institutions have their seats in Switzerland, in part because of its policy of neutrality. Geneva is the birthplace of the Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement and the Geneva Conventions and, since 2006, hosts the United Nations Human Rights Council. Even though Switzerland is one of the most recent countries to have joined the United Nations, the Palace of Nations in Geneva is the second biggest centre for the United Nations after New York, and Switzerland was a founding member and home to the League of Nations.", "title": "Switzerland" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In December 2014, Myanmar signed an agreement to set up its first stock exchange. The Yangon Stock Exchange Joint Venture Co. Ltd will be set up with Myanma Economic Bank sharing 51 percent, Japan's Daiwa Institute of Research Ltd 30.25 percent and Japan Exchange Group 18.75 percent. The Yangon Stock Exchange (YSX) officially opened for business on Friday, March 25, 2016. First Myanmar Investment Co., Ltd. (FMI) became the first stock to be traded after receiving approval for an opening price of 26,000 kyats ($22).", "title": "Myanmar" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Tyler Jacks is a Professor of Biology at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), an HHMI investigator, and director of the David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, which brings together biologists and engineers to improve detection, diagnosis, and treatment of cancer.", "title": "Tyler Jacks" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "As of 2008[update], the population was 47.5% male and 52.5% female. The population was made up of 44,032 Swiss men (35.4% of the population) and 15,092 (12.1%) non-Swiss men. There were 51,531 Swiss women (41.4%) and 13,726 (11.0%) non-Swiss women. Of the population in the municipality, 39,008 or about 30.3% were born in Bern and lived there in 2000. There were 27,573 or 21.4% who were born in the same canton, while 25,818 or 20.1% were born somewhere else in Switzerland, and 27,812 or 21.6% were born outside of Switzerland.", "title": "Bern" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Two years later, the Royal African Company was inaugurated, receiving from King Charles a monopoly of the trade to supply slaves to the British colonies of the Caribbean. From the outset, slavery was the basis of the British Empire in the West Indies. Until the abolition of the slave trade in 1807, Britain was responsible for the transportation of 3.5 million African slaves to the Americas, a third of all slaves transported across the Atlantic. To facilitate this trade, forts were established on the coast of West Africa, such as James Island, Accra and Bunce Island. In the British Caribbean, the percentage of the population of African descent rose from 25 percent in 1650 to around 80 percent in 1780, and in the 13 Colonies from 10 percent to 40 percent over the same period (the majority in the southern colonies). For the slave traders, the trade was extremely profitable, and became a major economic mainstay for such western British cities as Bristol and Liverpool, which formed the third corner of the so-called triangular trade with Africa and the Americas. For the transported, harsh and unhygienic conditions on the slaving ships and poor diets meant that the average mortality rate during the Middle Passage was one in seven.", "title": "British Empire" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "IEEE 1547 (\"Standard for Interconnecting Distributed Resources with Electric Power Systems\") is a standard of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers meant to provide a set of criteria and requirements for the interconnection of distributed generation resources into the power grid.", "title": "IEEE 1547" } ]

[ { "answer": "the League of Nations", "id": 33286, "paragraph_support_idx": 5, "question": "What institution was meant to bring stability?", "raw_question": "What institution was meant to bring stability?", "statement": "The League of Nations was meant to bring stability." }, { "answer": "Switzerland", "id": 22372, "paragraph_support_idx": 14, "question": "Where is the League of Nations located?", "raw_question": "Where is #1 located?", "statement": "The League of Nations was located in Switzerland." }, { "answer": "21.6%", "id": 8206, "paragraph_support_idx": 17, "question": "What percent were born outside of Switzerland ?", "raw_question": "What percent were born outside of #2 ?", "statement": "21.6% of the citizens of Switzerland were born outside of it." } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Benapur is a village in Bagnan-II Block, Howrah District, West Bengal. Its location, beside the Rupnarayana River, has made it to an wonderful place for picnic. Its Geographic location is .", "title": "Benapur" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Tekezé River rises in the central Ethiopian Highlands near Mount Qachen within Lasta, from where it flows west, north, then west again, forming the westernmost border of Ethiopia and Eritrea from the confluence of the Tomsa with the Tekezé at to the tripoint between the two countries and Sudan at . After entering northeastern Sudan at the tripoint it joins the Atbarah River, which is a tributary of the Nile. The Tekezé is perhaps the true upper course of the Atbarah, as the former follows the longer course prior to the confluence of the two rivers.", "title": "Tekezé River" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Atbarah River (; transliterated: Nahr 'Atbarah) in northeast Africa rises in northwest Ethiopia, approximately 50 km north of Lake Tana and 30 km west of Gondar. It flows about 805 km (500 mi) to the Nile in north-central Sudan, joining it at the city of Atbarah (). The river's tributary, the Tekezé (Setit) River, is perhaps the true upper course of the Atbarah, as the Tekezé follows the longer course prior to the confluence of the two rivers (at 14° 10' N, 36° E) in northeastern Sudan. The Atbarah is the last tributary of the Nile before it reaches the Mediterranean.", "title": "Atbarah River" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "To better illustrate this idea, Bassett focuses his analysis of the role of nineteenth-century maps during the \"scramble for Africa\". He states that maps \"contributed to empire by promoting, assisting, and legitimizing the extension of French and British power into West Africa\". During his analysis of nineteenth-century cartographic techniques, he highlights the use of blank space to denote unknown or unexplored territory. This provided incentives for imperial and colonial powers to obtain \"information to fill in blank spaces on contemporary maps\".", "title": "Imperialism" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Lubefu River is a tributary of the Sankuru River, which in turn is a tributary of the Kasai River in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.", "title": "Lubefu River" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Tatarka River () is a river in Perm Krai, Russia, a right bank tributary of the Babka River, which in turn is a tributary of the Sylva River. The river is long.", "title": "Tatarka River" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Tumcha River () is a river in the south of the Kola Peninsula in Murmansk Oblast, Russia. It is in length. The area of its basin is . The river originates in the merger Kutsayoki River and Tuntsayoki River and flows into the Iova Reservoir which in turn is part of the Kovda River basin.", "title": "Tumcha River" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Orikaka River (also known as the Mackley River) is a river of the West Coast Region of New Zealand's South Island. It flows southwest from the southern end of the Matiri Range before turning south to flow into the Buller River five kilometres to the west of Inangahua.", "title": "Orikaka River" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Bulkley Ranges is mountain range in northern British Columbia, Canada, located between the Skeena and Bulkley Rivers south of Hazelton, north of the Morice River and Zymoetz River. It has an area of 7851 km and is a subrange of the Hazelton Mountains which in turn form part of the Interior Mountains.", "title": "Bulkley Ranges" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The North Branch of the Millers River is a river in southwestern New Hampshire and northern Massachusetts in the United States. It is a tributary of the Millers River, which flows west to the Connecticut River, which in turn flows south to Long Island Sound, an arm of the Atlantic Ocean.", "title": "North Branch Millers River" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The East Branch of the Mohawk River is a river in northern New Hampshire in the United States. It is a tributary of the Mohawk River, which flows west to the Connecticut River, which in turn flows south to Long Island Sound, an arm of the Atlantic Ocean.", "title": "East Branch Mohawk River (New Hampshire)" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Gastineau Range is a small mountain range in southwestern British Columbia, Canada, located west of the Brem River. It has an area of 107 km and is a subrange of the Pacific Ranges which in turn form part of the Coast Mountains.", "title": "Gastineau Range" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Bonanza Range is a small mountain range on Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada, located in the area between the Nimpkish River and the Tsitika River. It has an area of 150 km and is a subrange of the Vancouver Island Ranges which in turn form part of the Insular Mountains.", "title": "Bonanza Range" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Beyeda is one of the woredas in the Amhara Region of Ethiopia. Located in the easternmost point of the Semien Gondar Zone, Beyeda is bordered on the south by the Wag Hemra Zone, on the west by Jan Amora, on the north by Tselemt, and on the east by the Tekezé River which separates it from the Tigray Region. The major town in Beyeda is Dil Yibza.", "title": "Beyeda" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Coalspur is a nearly abandoned coal-mining and railroad town in Yellowhead County, Alberta. It is situated on Highway 47 beside the Embarras River in the foothills of the Canadian Rockies.", "title": "Coalspur, Alberta" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Cuyuni River is a South American river and a tributary of the Essequibo River. It rises in the Guiana Highlands of Venezuela where it descends northward to El Dorado, and turns eastward to meander through the tropical rain forests of Guyana. It finally turns southeastward, flowing to its confluence with the Mazaruni River. The Cuyuni River marks the limit of the disputed territory of Guayana Esequiba for approximately .", "title": "Cuyuni River" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Balagas River is a river of northern Ethiopia. A tributary of the Tekezé, its own tributaries include the Balessa and Dorana rivers.", "title": "Balagas River" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Fontas River, originally Fantasque's River, after the name of a chief of the Sekani people, is a river in northeastern British Columbia, Canada, having its origin in northwestern Alberta, Canada. It joins the Sikanni Chief River southeast of the town of Fort Nelson, British Columbia, forming the Fort Nelson River.", "title": "Fontas River" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mount Filberg is a mountain on Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada, located east of Gold River and northeast of Rambler Peak. It is a member of the Vancouver Island Ranges which in turn form part of the Insular Mountains.", "title": "Mount Filberg" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Kechika River, also historically known as Black's River, is a tributary of the Liard River, about long, located in northern British Columbia, Canada.", "title": "Kechika River" } ]

[ { "answer": "Atbarah River", "id": 155787, "paragraph_support_idx": 1, "question": "What river does Tekezé River turn into?", "raw_question": "What river does Tekezé River turn into?", "statement": "The Tekezé River turns into the Atbarah River." }, { "answer": "Africa", "id": 497059, "paragraph_support_idx": 2, "question": "Atbarah River >> continent", "raw_question": "#1 >> continent", "statement": "The Atbarah River is located in Africa." }, { "answer": "French", "id": 42157, "paragraph_support_idx": 3, "question": "Who besides the british colonized Africa ?", "raw_question": "Who besides the british colonized #2 ?", "statement": "Besides the British, the French colonized Africa." } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Since the university's establishment in the city in 1837, the histories of the University of Michigan and Ann Arbor have been closely linked. The town became a regional transportation hub in 1839 with the arrival of the Michigan Central Railroad, and a north—south railway connecting Ann Arbor to Toledo and other markets to the south was established in 1878. Throughout the 1840s and the 1850s settlers continued to come to Ann Arbor. While the earlier settlers were primarily of British ancestry, the newer settlers also consisted of Germans, Irish, and African-Americans. In 1851, Ann Arbor was chartered as a city, though the city showed a drop in population during the Depression of 1873. It was not until the early 1880s that Ann Arbor again saw robust growth, with new immigrants coming from Greece, Italy, Russia, and Poland. Ann Arbor saw increased growth in manufacturing, particularly in milling. Ann Arbor's Jewish community also grew after the turn of the 20th century, and its first and oldest synagogue, Beth Israel Congregation, was established in 1916.", "title": "Ann Arbor, Michigan" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country.", "title": "Bogotá" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mother's Helper is a public sculpture by American artist Derek Chalfant located on the Indiana University – Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) campus near downtown Indianapolis, Indiana. The piece is located in a small alcove near the ramp to the west entrance of the Joseph T. Taylor Hall (formerly the University College building) at 815 W. Michigan Street.", "title": "Mother's Helper (Chalfant)" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The MIT Blackjack Team was a group of students and ex-students from Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Harvard Business School, Harvard University, and other leading colleges who used card counting techniques and more sophisticated strategies to beat casinos at blackjack worldwide. The team and its successors operated successfully from 1979 through the beginning of the 21st century. Many other blackjack teams have been formed around the world with the goal of beating the casinos.", "title": "MIT Blackjack Team" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Lloyd L. Weinreb (born October 9, 1936) is the Dane Professor of Law, Emeritus at Harvard Law School (a chair once held by Joseph Story). He was first appointed to the HLS faculty in 1965 and became a full professor in 1968.", "title": "Lloyd L. Weinreb" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Republic of Užice ( / ) was a short-lived liberated Yugoslav territory and the first liberated territory in World War II Europe, organized as a military mini-state that existed in the autumn of 1941 in occupied Yugoslavia, more specifically the western part of the Territory of the Military Commander in Serbia. The Republic was established by the Partisan resistance movement and its administrative center was in the town of Užice.", "title": "Republic of Užice" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Biysky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai and borders with Zonalny, Tselinny, Soltonsky, Krasnogorsky, Sovetsky, and Smolensky Districts, as well as with the territory of the City of Biysk. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Biysk (which is not administratively a part of the district). District's population:", "title": "Biysky District" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The movement to create a territory within the present boundaries of Colorado followed nearly immediately. Citizens of Denver and Golden pushed for territorial status of the newly settled region within a year of the founding of the towns. The movement was promoted by William Byers, publisher of the Rocky Mountain News, and by Larimer, who aspired to be the first territorial governor. In 1859, settlers established the Territory of Jefferson, and held elections, but the United States Congress did not recognize the territory, and it never gained legal status.", "title": "Colorado Territory" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Massachusetts was first colonized by principally English Europeans in the early 17th century, and became the Commonwealth of Massachusetts in the 18th century. Prior to English colonization of the area, it was inhabited by a variety of mainly Algonquian language indigenous tribes. The first permanent English settlement in New England came in 1620 with the founding of Plymouth Colony by the Pilgrims who sailed on the Mayflower. It set precedents but never grew large. A large - scale Puritan migration began in 1630 with the establishment of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, and spawned the settlement of other New England colonies. Friction with the natives erupted in the high - casualty King Philip's War in the 1670s. Puritanism was the established religion and was strictly enforced; dissenters were exiled. The Colony clashed with Anglican opponents in England over its religious intolerance and the status of its charter. Most people were farmers. Businessmen established wide - ranging trade links, sending ships to the West Indies and Europe, and sometimes shipping goods in violation of the Navigation Acts. These political and trade issues led to the revocation of the Massachusetts charter in 1684.", "title": "History of Massachusetts" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Since Whitehead's metaphysics described a universe in which all entities experience, he needed a new way of describing perception that was not limited to living, self-conscious beings. The term he coined was \"prehension\", which comes from the Latin prehensio, meaning \"to seize.\" The term is meant to indicate a kind of perception that can be conscious or unconscious, applying to people as well as electrons. It is also intended to make clear Whitehead's rejection of the theory of representative perception, in which the mind only has private ideas about other entities. For Whitehead, the term \"prehension\" indicates that the perceiver actually incorporates aspects of the perceived thing into itself. In this way, entities are constituted by their perceptions and relations, rather than being independent of them. Further, Whitehead regards perception as occurring in two modes, causal efficacy (or \"physical prehension\") and presentational immediacy (or \"conceptual prehension\").", "title": "Alfred North Whitehead" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "On November 24, 1936, 1,074 of the nation's 45,000 post offices were designated ``typing centers ''to type up Social Security cards that were then sent to Washington, D.C. On December 1, 1936, as part of the publicity campaign for the new program, Joseph L. Fay of the Social Security Administration selected a record from the top of the first stack of 1,000 records and announced that the first Social Security number in history was assigned to John David Sweeney, Jr., of New Rochelle, New York.", "title": "Social Security number" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Heraclitus was famous for his insistence on ever - present change as being the fundamental essence of the universe, as stated in the famous saying, ``No man ever steps in the same river twice ''(see panta rhei, below). This position was complemented by his stark commitment to a unity of opposites in the world, stating that`` the path up and down are one and the same''. Through these doctrines Heraclitus characterized all existing entities by pairs of contrary properties, whereby no entity may ever occupy a single state at a single time. This, along with his cryptic utterance that ``all entities come to be in accordance with this Logos ''(literally,`` word'', ``reason '', or`` account'') has been the subject of numerous interpretations.", "title": "Heraclitus" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Born in Ghent, Belgium of Catholic Flemish stock, Henri Lammens joined the Society of Jesus in Beirut at the age of fifteen, and settled permanently in Lebanon. During his first eight years in Lebanon, Lammens mastered Arabic as well as Latin and Greek, and he studied philosophy at the Jesuit-run Saint Joseph University in Beirut. Between 1886 and 1891 he taught the Arabic language at the same university. His early published writings are on the subject of Arabic language. Starting in 1903 he taught Islamic history at the Oriental Studies Department at Saint Joseph University in Beirut. In 1907 he went to the Jesuit-run universities at Cairo and Alexandria in Egypt to do the same, and returned to Beirut in 1919. He also lived in Rome for a while.", "title": "Henri Lammens" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1949, the Territory and the Territory of New Guinea were established in an administrative union by the name of the Territory of Papua and New Guinea. That administrative union was renamed as Papua New Guinea in 1971. Notwithstanding that it was part of an administrative union, the Territory of Papua at all times retained a distinct legal status and identity; it was a Possession of the Crown whereas the Territory of New Guinea was initially a League of Nations mandate territory and subsequently a United Nations trust territory. This important legal and political distinction remained until the advent of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea in 1975.", "title": "Territory of Papua" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Millican is a town in Brazos County, Texas, United States. The population was 240 at the 2010 census, up from 108 at the 2000 census. It is part of the Bryan–College Station metropolitan area. Millican is named after Robert Millican, the first white settler of the region that would come to be known as Brazos County.", "title": "Millican, Texas" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "According to church belief, God inspired Brigham Young, Joseph Smith's successor as President of the Church, to call for the Saints (as church members call themselves) to organize and head West, beyond the western frontier of the United States (into what was then Mexico, though the U.S. Army had already captured New Mexico and California in late 1846). During the winter of 1846 - 47, Latter - day Saint leaders in Winter Quarters and Iowa laid plans for the migration of the large number of Saints, their equipment, and their livestock. It was here that Brigham Young first met Thomas L. Kane, a non-Mormon from Philadelphia with deep personal connections to the Polk administration. Kane obtained permission for the Mormons to winter on Indian territory, and the site was originally called Kanesville. Brigham Young continued to trust Kane throughout his own lifetime, particularly as an intermediary with the often hostile Federal government. This major undertaking was a significant test of leadership capability and the existing administrative network of the recently restructured Church. For his role in the migration, Brigham Young is sometimes referred to as the ``American Moses. ''", "title": "Mormon pioneers" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Vilnius County () is the largest of the 10 counties of Lithuania, located in the east of the country around the city Vilnius. On 1 July 2010, the county administration was abolished, and since that date, Vilnius County remains as the territorial and statistical unit.", "title": "Vilnius County" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Biblioteca Ayacucho (\"Ayacucho Library\") is an editorial entity of the government of Venezuela, founded on September 10, 1974. It is managed by the \"Fundación Biblioteca Ayacucho\". Its name, \"Ayacucho\", comes from the intention to honor the definitive and crucial Battle of Ayacucho that took place December 9, 1824 between Spain and the territories of the Americas, prior to the full independence of the continent.", "title": "Biblioteca Ayacucho" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "He is the John Shad professor of business ethics at Harvard Business School, with works translated into 10 languages. He is also the faculty chair of the Nomura School of Advanced Management in Tokyo, is a former chair of the Harvard University Advisory Committee on Shareholder Responsibility, and has served on boards of public companies. He book \"Managing in the Gray\" was inspired by the Chinese philosophy, Grey system theory.", "title": "Joseph L. Badaracco" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Dominick A. Flora (born June 12, 1935) is an American former college basketball standout at Washington and Lee University (W&L), located in Lexington, Virginia. Flora played for the W&L Generals from 1954–55 to 1957–58. Dom Flora was a native of Jersey City, New Jersey and played high school basketball for William L. Dickinson High School.", "title": "Dom Flora" } ]

[ { "answer": "Harvard Business School", "id": 122807, "paragraph_support_idx": 18, "question": "What is the university where Joseph L. Badaracco went?", "raw_question": "What is the university where Joseph L. Badaracco went?", "statement": "Joseph L. Badaracco attended Harvard Business School." }, { "answer": "Massachusetts", "id": 164954, "paragraph_support_idx": 3, "question": "Harvard Business School >> located in the administrative territorial entity", "raw_question": "#1 >> located in the administrative territorial entity", "statement": "Harvard Business School is located in the state of Massachusetts." }, { "answer": "1620", "id": 75527, "paragraph_support_idx": 8, "question": "when did the first settlers come to Massachusetts", "raw_question": "when did the first settlers come to #2", "statement": "The first settlers came to Massachusetts in 1620." } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Have a Little Faith in Me ''is a song written and performed by John Hiatt that appears on his 1987 album Bring the Family. His version of the song has also appeared on the soundtracks of the movies The Theory of Flight (1998), Look Who's Talking Now (1993), Benny & Joon (1993), Cake with Heather Graham (2005), My Best Friend's Girl (2008), and Love Happens (2009). Live versions were included on 1994's Hiatt Comes Alive at Budokan? and 2005's Live from Austin, TX. The song has been included in all of his greatest hits collections, including 1998's The Best of John Hiatt (as a new, rerecorded version) and Greatest Hits -- The A&M Years' 87 - '94, 2001's Anthology, 2003's 20th Century Masters and the 2005 box set Chronicles.", "title": "Have a Little Faith in Me" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Should I Come Home (Or Should I Go Crazy)\" is a song written by Joe Allen, and recorded by American country music artist Gene Watson. It was released in September 1979 as the first single from the album \"Should I Come Home\". The song reached #3 on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart.", "title": "Should I Come Home (Or Should I Go Crazy)" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The imperial period of Rome lasted approximately 1,500 years compared to the 500 years of the Republican era. The first two centuries of the empire's existence were a period of unprecedented political stability and prosperity known as the Pax Romana, or ``Roman Peace ''. Following Octavian's victory, the size of the empire was dramatically increased. After the assassination of Caligula in AD 41, the Senate briefly considered restoring the republic, but the Praetorian Guard proclaimed Claudius emperor instead. Under Claudius, the empire invaded Britannia, its first major expansion since Augustus. After Claudius' successor, Nero, committed suicide in AD 68, the empire suffered a series of brief civil wars, as well as a concurrent major rebellion in Judea, during which four different legionary generals were proclaimed emperor. Vespasian emerged triumphant in AD 69, establishing the Flavian dynasty, before being succeeded by his son Titus, who opened the Colosseum shortly after the eruption of Mount Vesuvius. His short reign was followed by the long reign of his brother Domitian, who was eventually assassinated. The Senate then appointed the first of the Five Good Emperors. The empire reached its greatest extent under Trajan, the second in this line.", "title": "Roman Empire" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Marcus Ulpius Traianus was born on 18 September 53AD in the Roman province of Hispania Baetica (in what is now Andalusia in modern Spain), in the city of Italica (now in the municipal area of Santiponce, in the outskirts of Seville). Although frequently designated the first provincial emperor, and dismissed by later writers such as Cassius Dio (himself of provincial origin) as \"an Iberian, and neither an Italian nor even an Italiot\", Trajan appears to have hailed on his father's side from the area of Tuder (modern Todi) in Umbria, at the border with Etruria, and on his mother's side from the Gens Marcia, of an Italic family of Sabine origin. Trajan's birthplace of Italica was founded as a Roman military colony of \"Italian\" settlers in 206BC, though it is unknown when the Ulpii arrived there. It is possible, but cannot be substantiated, that Trajan's ancestors married local women and lost their citizenship at some point, but they certainly recovered their status when the city became a municipium with Latin citizenship in the mid-1st century BC.", "title": "Trajan" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Swaziland derives its name from a later king named Mswati II. KaNgwane, named for Ngwane III, is an alternative name for Swaziland the surname of whose royal house remains Nkhosi Dlamini. Nkhosi literally means \"king\". Mswati II was the greatest of the fighting kings of Swaziland, and he greatly extended the area of the country to twice its current size. The Emakhandzambili clans were initially incorporated into the kingdom with wide autonomy, often including grants of special ritual and political status. The extent of their autonomy however was drastically curtailed by Mswati, who attacked and subdued some of them in the 1850s.", "title": "Eswatini" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Waltz Me to Heaven\" is a song written by Dolly Parton, and recorded by American country music artist Waylon Jennings. It was released in January 1985 as the second single from his compilation album \"Waylon's Greatest Hits, Vol. 2\". The song reached number 10 on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart.", "title": "Waltz Me to Heaven" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``The Man Comes Around ''Song by Johnny Cash from the album American IV: The Man Comes Around Released May 24, 2002 Genre Folk country gospel Length 4: 26 Label American Recordings Universal Songwriter (s) Johnny Cash Producer (s) Rick Rubin John Carter Cash", "title": "The Man Comes Around (song)" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Based on actual events, the film tells the story of an innocent girl named Jigyaasa Mathur (Hrishitaa Bhatt) who comes from a middle-class family, the daughter of a school teacher named Malini Mathur (Varsha Usgaonkar). Malini is a woman with principles and emotions. Jigyaasa wants to become a film actress and her mother has no objections about it. But Jigyaasa has some other plans. Jigyaasa will go to any limits to reach her goal. Within a timespan of five years, Jigyaasa reaches the top and becomes India's highest paid superstar.", "title": "Jigyaasa" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"This Time\" is a song written by Mark Miller and Mac McAnally and recorded by American country music group Sawyer Brown. It was released in November 1994 as the first new single from the album \"Greatest Hits 1990-1995\". The song reached number 2 on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart.", "title": "This Time (Sawyer Brown song)" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Queen are one of the most bootlegged bands ever, according to Nick Weymouth, who manages the band's official website. A 2001 survey discovered the existence of 12,225 websites dedicated to Queen bootlegs, the highest number for any band. Bootleg recordings have contributed to the band's popularity in certain countries where Western music is censored, such as Iran. In a project called Queen: The Top 100 Bootlegs, many of these have been made officially available to download for a nominal fee from Queen's website, with profits going to the Mercury Phoenix Trust. Rolling Stone ranked Queen at number 52 on its list of the \"100 Greatest Artists of All Time\", while ranking Mercury the 18th greatest singer, and May the twenty-sixth greatest guitarist. Queen were named 13th on VH1's 100 Greatest Artists of Hard Rock list, and in 2010 were ranked 17th on VH1's 100 Greatest Artists of All Time list. In 2012, Gigwise readers named Queen the best band of past 60 years.", "title": "Queen (band)" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"All the Good Ones Are Gone\" is a song written by Dean Dillon and Bob McDill, and recorded by American country music artist Pam Tillis. It was released in April 1997 as the first new single from her \"Greatest Hits\" album. The song reached #4 on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart.", "title": "All the Good Ones Are Gone" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Come Dine With Me Genre Cooking Directed by Various Narrated by Dave Lamb Theme music composer Patrick Duffin Nick Crofts Country of origin United Kingdom Original language (s) English No. of series 41 No. of episodes 1,647 Production Executive producer (s) David Sayer Producer (s) Martin Dance Running time 30 minutes (Daytime) 60 minutes (Primetime) Production company (s) ITV Studios (LWT) Shiver Productions Distributor Channel 4 ITV Studios Release Original network Channel 4 Picture format 576i 16: 9 (SDTV) (2005 -- 2008) 1080i 16: 9 (HDTV) (2008 -- present) Audio format Stereo (2005 - 08) Dolby Digital 5.1 (2008 -- present) Original release 10 January 2005 (2005 - 01 - 10) -- present Chronology Related shows Come Date with Me External links Website www.channel4.com/programmes/come-dine-with-me", "title": "Come Dine with Me" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"She Can't Say I Didn't Cry\" is a song written by Troy Martin, Tony Martin and Reese Wilson, and recorded by American country music artist Rick Trevino. It was released in May 1994 as the third single from his self-titled debut album. It was his first top ten hit on the country charts, reaching number 3 on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Songs chart and number 11 on the Canadian \"RPM\" country Tracks chart in late 1994.", "title": "She Can't Say I Didn't Cry" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Article III.1.c of the Antarctic Treaty states that \"to the greatest extent feasible and practicable\" ... \"scientific observations and results from Antarctica shall be exchanged and made freely available\"", "title": "Australian Antarctic Data Centre" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Greatest Hits is the first compilation album by American country music artist George Strait, released on March 4, 1985 by MCA Records. It includes all ten singles from Strait's first three albums. It reached #4 on the Billboard Top Country Albums Chart and is certified 4×Multi-Platinum by the RIAA.", "title": "Greatest Hits (George Strait album)" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Take a Giant Step is a 1959 coming-of-age drama film directed by Philip Leacock. The plot concerns a black teenager living in a predominantly white environment and having trouble coping as he reaches an age at which the realities of racism are beginning to affect his life more directly and pointedly than they had in his childhood. Adapted from the Broadway play by Louis S. Peterson, the film stars Johnny Nash - who would ultimately become more well known for his singing career, including the hit song \"I Can See Clearly Now\" - as the lead character, Spencer \"Spence\" Scott. Co-stars included Ruby Dee as the Scott family's housekeeper, Estelle Hemsley as Grandma Martin (Hemsley was nominated for a Golden Globe Award for best supporting actress), and Beah Richards as Spence's mother. The movie's executive producer was Burt Lancaster through his Hecht-Hill-Lancaster production company.", "title": "Take a Giant Step" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Domestic Life\" is a song written by J.D. Martin and Gary Harrison, and recorded by American country music artist John Conlee. It was released in February 1987 as the first single from the album \"American Faces\". The song reached #4 on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart.", "title": "Domestic Life (song)" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Tonight She Comes\" is a 1985 song by American rock band The Cars, from their \"Greatest Hits\" album. It was released as a single in October 1985, reaching Number #7 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 in January 1986. The song reached Number #1 on the Top Rock Tracks charts, where it stayed for three weeks.", "title": "Tonight She Comes" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Born Country\" is a song written by Byron Hill and John Schweers, and recorded by American country music band Alabama. It was released in December 1991 as the second and final single on their compilation album, \"Greatest Hits Vol. II\". It reached No. 1 on the \"Radio & Records\" chart in March 1992. It also reached number 2 on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Songs charts, behind \"Dallas\" by Alan Jackson.", "title": "Born Country" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Martin Statue of Marte (Mars) Pronunciation English: / ˈmɑːrtɪn, - tən / Czech: (ˈmarcɪn) Finnish: (ˈmɑrtin) French: (maʁtɛ̃) German: (ˈmaɐ̯tiːn) Norwegian: (ˈmɑʈːɪn) Serbo - Croatian: (mǎrtin) Spanish: (maɾˈtin) Swedish: (ˈmaʈːɪn) Gender Male Origin Word / name Latin Meaning ``Of Mars, warlike, warrior ''Region of origin Roman Empire Other names Related names Martyn, Martti, Morten, Marten, Maarten, Marta, Mark (can also be used as a nickname), Martino, Martina", "title": "Martin (name)" } ]

[ { "answer": "Roman Empire", "id": 48966, "paragraph_support_idx": 19, "question": "what country does the name martin come from", "raw_question": "what country does the name martin come from", "statement": "The name Martin comes from the Roman Empire." }, { "answer": "under Trajan", "id": 71250, "paragraph_support_idx": 2, "question": "when did Roman Empire reach its greatest extent", "raw_question": "when did #1 reach its greatest extent", "statement": "The Roman Empire reached its greatest extent under Trajan." }, { "answer": "Marcia", "id": 135051, "paragraph_support_idx": 3, "question": "Who is under Trajan 's mother?", "raw_question": "Who is #2 's mother?", "statement": "Trajan's mother is Marcia." } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Alive in America is a live album by the American jazz rock group Steely Dan, released in 1995. It is Steely Dan's first live album. The album comprises recordings from their 1993 and 1994 tours, which were the first live Steely Dan performances since 1974.", "title": "Alive in America" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In February 1981, Queen travelled to South America as part of The Game Tour, and became the first major rock band to play in Latin American stadiums. The tour included five shows in Argentina, one of which drew the largest single concert crowd in Argentine history with an audience of 300,000 in Buenos Aires and two concerts at the Morumbi Stadium in São Paulo, Brazil, where they played to an audience of more than 131,000 people in the first night (then the largest paying audience for a single band anywhere in the world) and more than 120,000 people the following night. In October of the same year, Queen performed for more than 150,000 fans on 9 October at Monterrey (Estadio Universitario) and 17 and 18 at Puebla (Estadio Zaragoza), Mexico. On 24 and 25 November, Queen played two sell out nights at the Montreal Forum, Quebec, Canada. One of Mercury's most notable performances of The Game's final track, \"Save Me\", took place in Montreal, and the concert is recorded in the live album, Queen Rock Montreal.", "title": "Queen (band)" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Dope Nose\" is a song by American alternative rock band Weezer. It is the first single off the band's fourth album, \"Maladroit\". It was officially released in March 2002, though it had been performed live and in the studio during the band's 2000 summer tour comeback after hiatus.", "title": "Dope Nose" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Prior to 1948, approximately 800,000 Jews were living in lands which now make up the Arab world (excluding Israel). Of these, just under two-thirds lived in the French-controlled Maghreb region, 15–20% in the Kingdom of Iraq, approximately 10% in the Kingdom of Egypt and approximately 7% in the Kingdom of Yemen. A further 200,000 lived in Pahlavi Iran and the Republic of Turkey. Today, around 26,000 Jews live in Arab countries and around 30,000 in Iran and Turkey. A small-scale exodus had begun in many countries in the early decades of the 20th century, although the only substantial aliyah came from Yemen and Syria. The exodus from Arab and Muslim countries took place primarily from 1948. The first large-scale exoduses took place in the late 1940s and early 1950s, primarily in Iraq, Yemen and Libya, with up to 90% of these communities leaving within a few years. The peak of the exodus from Egypt occurred in 1956. The exodus in the Maghreb countries peaked in the 1960s. Lebanon was the only Arab country to see a temporary increase in its Jewish population during this period, due to an influx of refugees from other Arab countries, although by the mid-1970s the Jewish community of Lebanon had also dwindled. In the aftermath of the exodus wave from Arab states, an additional migration of Iranian Jews peaked in the 1980s when around 80% of Iranian Jews left the country.[citation needed]", "title": "Jews" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Scotty Wilkins is an American punk rock singer and musician. Wilkins is most widely known as the singer for the Los Angeles punk rock band Hollywood Hate and previously, San Francisco punk rock band, Verbal Abuse. In the mid 1990s, Wilkins joined New York band, Electric Frankenstein. Wilkins' first serious band that toured was called Condemned to Death. His first attempt at being in a band was with local group, The Lonerz.", "title": "Scotty Wilkins" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Aside from the Volk's Electric Railway, he also built the unique, but short lived, Brighton and Rottingdean Seashore Electric Railway, together with its unusual \"Daddy Long Legs\" vehicle. He also built another, short-lived line, similar to the VER, in the pleasure grounds at Aston Hall, Birmingham.", "title": "Magnus Volk" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Electric (fully as Paul Rodgers Electric according to Paul Rodgers official site) is a studio album by Paul Rodgers of Free and Bad Company fame. It was recorded in 1999 at Lartington Hall Studios near Barnard Castle in the North East of England. Electric was released in 2000 (the Japanese version of 1999 has a bonus track).", "title": "Electric (Paul Rodgers album)" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The band's sixth studio album News of the World was released in 1977, which has gone four times platinum in the United States, and twice in the UK. The album contained many songs tailor-made for live performance, including two of rock's most recognisable anthems, \"We Will Rock You\" and the rock ballad \"We Are the Champions\", both of which became enduring international sports anthems, and the latter reached number four in the US. Queen commenced the News of the World Tour in October 1977, and Robert Hilburn of the Los Angeles Times called this concert tour the band's \"most spectacularly staged and finely honed show\".", "title": "Queen (band)" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Between 2005 and 2006, Queen + Paul Rodgers embarked on a world tour, which was the first time Queen toured since their last tour with Freddie Mercury in 1986. The band's drummer Roger Taylor commented; \"We never thought we would tour again, Paul [Rodgers] came along by chance and we seemed to have a chemistry. Paul is just such a great singer. He's not trying to be Freddie.\" The first leg was in Europe, the second in Japan, and the third in the US in 2006. Queen received the inaugural VH1 Rock Honors at the Mandalay Bay Events Center in Las Vegas, Nevada, on 25 May 2006. The Foo Fighters paid homage to the band in performing \"Tie Your Mother Down\" to open the ceremony before being joined on stage by May, Taylor, and Paul Rodgers, who played a selection of Queen hits.", "title": "Queen (band)" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Aerosmith World Tour 2007 (or The Tour Heard 'Round the World) was a concert tour by American hard rock band Aerosmith that saw the band performing outside North America or Japan for the first time in about eight years (since the Nine Lives Tour), and in some countries, the first time in 14 years (since the Get a Grip Tour). As part of the tour, the band also visited some countries for the first time ever, including India, the United Arab Emirates, Latvia, and Estonia.", "title": "Aerosmith World Tour 2007" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``You've Got Another Thing Comin '''is a song by British heavy metal band Judas Priest. It was originally released on their 1982 album Screaming for Vengeance and released as a single later that year. In May 2006, VH1 ranked it fifth on their list of the 40 Greatest Metal Songs. It became one of Judas Priest's signature songs along with`` Electric Eye'' and ``Breaking the Law '', and a staple of the band's live performances.`` You've Got Another Thing Comin'' was first performed on the opening concert of the Vengeance World Tour at the Stabler Center in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, on 26 August 1982 and had been played a total of 673 times through the 2012 Epitaph Tour.", "title": "You've Got Another Thing Comin'" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In summer of 1986, Queen went on their final tour with Freddie Mercury. A sold-out tour in support of A Kind of Magic, once again they hired Spike Edney, leading to him being dubbed the unofficial fifth member. The Magic Tour's highlight was at Wembley Stadium in London and resulted in the live double album, Queen at Wembley, released on CD and as a live concert DVD, which has gone five times platinum in the US and four times platinum in the UK. Queen could not book Wembley for a third night, but they did play at Knebworth Park. The show sold out within two hours and over 120,000 fans packed the park for what was Queen's final live performance with Mercury. Queen began the tour at the Råsunda Stadium in Stockholm, Sweden, and during the tour the band performed a concert at Slane Castle, Ireland, in front of an audience of 95,000, which broke the venue's attendance record. The band also played behind the Iron Curtain when they performed to a crowd of 80,000 at the Népstadion in Budapest, in what was one of the biggest rock concerts ever held in Eastern Europe. More than one million people saw Queen on the tour—400,000 in the United Kingdom alone, a record at the time.", "title": "Queen (band)" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1780, Luigi Galvani discovered that the muscles of dead frogs' legs twitched when struck by an electrical spark. This was one of the first forays into the study of bioelectricity, a field that still studies the electrical patterns and signals in tissues such as nerves and muscles.", "title": "Muscle contraction" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1978, Queen toured the US and Canada, and spent much of 1979 touring in Europe and Japan. They released their first live album, Live Killers, in 1979; it went platinum twice in the US. Queen also released the very successful single \"Crazy Little Thing Called Love\", a rockabilly inspired song done in the style of Elvis Presley. The song made the top 10 in many countries, topped the Australian ARIA Charts for seven consecutive weeks, and was the band's first number one single in the United States where it topped the Billboard Hot 100 for four weeks. Having written the song on guitar and played rhythm on the record, Mercury played rhythm guitar while performing the song live, which was the first time he ever played guitar in concert. In December 1979, Queen played the opening night at the Concert for the People of Kampuchea in London, having accepted a request by the event's organiser Paul McCartney.", "title": "Queen (band)" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The song was featured in the 2000 film Coyote Ugly in the scene where Violet first sees Kevin. The Calling performs the song live.", "title": "Wherever You Will Go" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Roll on the Red Tour was a concert tour by American rock band Red Hot Chili Peppers. The tour followed the band's hugely successful \"By the Way tour\". During this tour the band recorded their first live album, Live in Hyde Park. Near the tour's end, the dates mainly consisted of benefit and tribute shows including the Bridge School Benefit and a tribute show to longtime friend, Johnny Ramone. The band's performance was released two years later on DVD as \"Too Tough to Die: A Tribute to Johnny Ramone\". Ramone, who was too sick to attend the tribute (although show host, Rob Zombie called him during the event), would pass away a three days after the tribute show. John Frusciante was among many famous friends and family to attend his funeral and memorial celebration. On March 17, 2015, the band released \"\" a free MP3 download of the entire show through their website.", "title": "Roll on the Red Tour" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "According to a report published in 2014, about 43% of all Jews reside in Israel (6.1 million), and 40% in the United States (5.7 million), with most of the remainder living in Europe (1.4 million) and Canada (0.4 million). These numbers include all those who self-identified as Jews in a socio-demographic study or were identified as such by a respondent in the same household. The exact world Jewish population, however, is difficult to measure. In addition to issues with census methodology, disputes among proponents of halakhic, secular, political, and ancestral identification factors regarding who is a Jew may affect the figure considerably depending on the source.", "title": "Jews" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Live at the Roxy Theatre is a live album released by Brian Wilson in 2000. After a successful period of touring following the release of \"Imagination\", Wilson decided to record his first-ever live solo album. Accompanied by his supporting band, Wilson recorded the album during a pair of shows at the Roxy Theatre in West Hollywood.", "title": "Live at the Roxy Theatre" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "On February 22, 2017, Charlie Puth was announced as the opening act for the North American leg of the tour, and Rock in Rio announced Mendes as a performer of the festival in Rio de Janeiro.", "title": "Illuminate World Tour" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Touring Band 2000 is the second DVD release by the American alternative rock band Pearl Jam, culled from performances from the North American legs of the band's 2000 Binaural Tour. It was released on VHS and DVD on May 1, 2001.", "title": "Touring Band 2000" } ]

[ { "answer": "Paul Rodgers", "id": 706183, "paragraph_support_idx": 6, "question": "Electric >> performer", "raw_question": "Electric >> performer", "statement": "Paul Rodgers performed Electric." }, { "answer": "Europe", "id": 20196, "paragraph_support_idx": 8, "question": "Where was the first leg of Queen's mid 2000s tour with Paul Rodgers ?", "raw_question": "Where was the first leg of Queen's mid 2000s tour with #1 ?", "statement": "The first leg of Queen's mid-2000s tour with Paul Rodgers took place in Europe." }, { "answer": "1.4 million", "id": 21082, "paragraph_support_idx": 16, "question": "How many Jews live in Europe ?", "raw_question": "How many Jews live in #2 ?", "statement": "1.4 million Jews live in Europe." } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Hunter Industries is a manufacturer of irrigation equipment for the landscaping and golf course industries, based in San Marcos, California. They are the second largest employer in San Marcos after the San Marcos Unified School District", "title": "Hunter Industries" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Kaba Sone Hti ( ; lit. Till the End of the World) is a 2005 Burmese musical drama film directed by Khin Maung Oo and Soe Thein Htut.", "title": "Kaba Sone Hti" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Aung Thet Mann (, ; born 19 June 1977), also known as Shwe Mann Ko Ko (), is a Burmese businessman and currently CEO of Ayer Shwe Wah, a major Burmese company. Aung Thet Mann's father is Shwe Mann, a former military general and Speaker of the Pyithu Hluttaw. He graduated from the Yangon Institute of Economics. Aung Thet Mann is married to Khin Hnin Thandar.", "title": "Aung Thet Mann" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "There were informal contacts between the AFO and the Allies in 1944 and 1945 through the British Force 136. On 27 March 1945, the Burma National Army rose up in a country-wide rebellion against the Japanese. 27 March had been celebrated as 'Resistance Day' until the military renamed it 'Tatmadaw (Armed Forces) Day'. Aung San and others subsequently began negotiations with Lord Mountbatten and officially joined the Allies as the Patriotic Burmese Forces (PBF). At the first meeting, the AFO represented itself to the British as the provisional government of Burma with Thakin Soe as Chairman and Aung San as a member of its ruling committee.The Japanese were routed from most of Burma by May 1945. Negotiations then began with the British over the disarming of the AFO and the participation of its troops in a post-war Burma Army. Some veterans had been formed into a paramilitary force under Aung San, called the Pyithu yèbaw tat or People's Volunteer Organisation (PVO), and were openly drilling in uniform. The absorption of the PBF was concluded successfully at the Kandy conference in Ceylon in September 1945.", "title": "Japanese occupation of Burma" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "She married an Austrian documentary filmmaker, Warner Fend, and had a great influence on Aung San Suu Kyi. Than E, a family friend, persuaded Suu Kyi to relocate to New York City and work for the United Nations. Than E was born to a Baptist family and attended Rangoon University, before joining the Teacher's Training College.", "title": "Than E" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "A Soviet - US Joint Commission met in 1946 and 1947 to work towards a unified administration, but failed to make progress due to increasing Cold War antagonism and to Korean opposition to the trusteeship. Meanwhile, the division between the two zones deepened. The difference in policy between the occupying powers led to a polarization of politics, and a transfer of population between North and South. In May 1946 it was made illegal to cross the 38th parallel without a permit.", "title": "Division of Korea" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The impact of the post-election reforms has been observed in numerous areas, including ASEAN's approval of Myanmar's bid for the position of ASEAN chair in 2014; the visit by United States Secretary of State Hillary Clinton in December 2011 for the encouragement of further progress—it was the first visit by a Secretary of State in more than fifty years (Clinton met with the Burmese president and former military commander Thein Sein, as well as opposition leader Aung San Suu Kyi); and the participation of Aung San Suu Kyi's National League for Democracy (NLD) party in the 2012 by-elections, facilitated by the government's abolition of the laws that previously barred the NLD. As of July 2013, about 100 political prisoners remain imprisoned, while conflict between the Burmese Army and local insurgent groups continues.", "title": "Myanmar" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "United Nations Trusteeship Council The chamber of the UN Trusteeship Council, United Nations headquarters / UN headquarters, New York Formation 1945 Type Principal Organ Legal status Inactive (As of 1994) Head President Alexis Lamek France Vice-President Peter Wilson United Kingdom Website www.un.org/en/mainbodies/trusteeship", "title": "United Nations Trusteeship Council" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "San Diego hosts several major producers of wireless cellular technology. Qualcomm was founded and is headquartered in San Diego, and is one of the largest private-sector employers in San Diego. Other wireless industry manufacturers headquartered here include Nokia, LG Electronics, Kyocera International., Cricket Communications and Novatel Wireless. The largest software company in San Diego is security software company Websense Inc. San Diego also has the U.S. headquarters for the Slovakian security company ESET. San Diego has been designated as an iHub Innovation Center for collaboration potentially between wireless and life sciences.", "title": "San Diego" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "On December 7, 1941, Japan attacked the United States at Pearl Harbor, bringing it too into the war on the Allied side. China also joined the Allies, as eventually did most of the rest of the world. China was in turmoil at the time, and attacked Japanese armies through guerilla-type warfare. By the beginning of 1942, the major combatants were aligned as follows: the British Commonwealth, the United States, and the Soviet Union were fighting Germany and Italy; and the British Commonwealth, China, and the United States were fighting Japan. The United Kingdom, the United States, the Soviet Union and China were referred as a \"trusteeship of the powerful\" during the World War II and were recognized as the Allied \"Big Four\" in Declaration by United Nations These four countries were considered as the \"Four Policemen\" or \"Four Sheriffs\" of the Allies power and primary victors of World War II. From then through August 1945, battles raged across all of Europe, in the North Atlantic Ocean, across North Africa, throughout Southeast Asia, throughout China, across the Pacific Ocean and in the air over Japan.", "title": "Modern history" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Since the 2010 election, the government has embarked on a series of reforms to direct the country towards liberal democracy, a mixed economy, and reconciliation, although doubts persist about the motives that underpin such reforms. The series of reforms includes the release of pro-democracy leader Aung San Suu Kyi from house arrest, the establishment of the National Human Rights Commission, the granting of general amnesties for more than 200 political prisoners, new labour laws that permit labour unions and strikes, a relaxation of press censorship, and the regulation of currency practices.", "title": "Myanmar" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "For most of its independent years, the country has been engrossed in rampant ethnic strife and Burma's myriad ethnic groups have been involved in one of the world's longest-running ongoing civil wars. During this time, the United Nations and several other organisations have reported consistent and systematic human rights violations in the country. In 2011, the military junta was officially dissolved following a 2010 general election, and a nominally civilian government was installed. While former military leaders still wield enormous power in the country, Burmese Military have taken steps toward relinquishing control of the government. This, along with the release of Aung San Suu Kyi and political prisoners, has improved the country's human rights record and foreign relations, and has led to the easing of trade and other economic sanctions. There is, however, continuing criticism of the government's treatment of the Muslim Rohingya minority and its poor response to the religious clashes. In the landmark 2015 election, Aung San Suu Kyi's party won a majority in both houses, ending military rule.", "title": "Myanmar" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ian Gallagher is the third oldest Gallagher sibling and is aged 15 at the beginning of the first series in 2004. He is the son of Monica Gallagher (Annabelle Apsion) and Gary Bennett, revealed when his blood group was found to be incompatible with the rest of his siblings'. His half - brothers are Phillip ``Lip ''Gallagher (Jody Latham), Carl Gallagher (Elliott Tittensor), Liam Gallagher (Johnny Bennett) and Sean Bennett, and his half - sisters are Fiona Gallagher (Anne - Marie Duff), Debbie Gallagher (Rebecca Ryan), and Stella Gallagher (Nikita Brownlee). He has one niece, Katie Maguire, who is the daughter of Lip. He used to work at The Jockey as a barman but in more recent series his employment, if he has any, has not been shown.", "title": "Ian Gallagher" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Moe Hein was born on 10 December 1942, as the youngest son of the journalist and writer Journal Kyaw U Chit Maung and the writer Journal Kyaw Ma Ma Lay. His father was a friend and colleague of the revolutionary nationalist Aung San.", "title": "Moe Hein" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Aung San Oo () is the elder brother of State Counsellor of Myanmar and Nobel Peace Prize winner Aung San Suu Kyi; the two are the only surviving children of Burmese independence leader Aung San. Aung San Oo is an engineer. Aung San Oo has been described by the Burmese Lawyers' Council and the National Coalition Government of the Union of Burma as a potential surrogate of the junta in an attempt to humiliate Aung San Suu Kyi and place her in an untenable position. \"Time\" magazine reports that, according to Burmese exiles and observers in Rangoon, the junta used the alleged surrogacy of Aung San Oo and his lawsuit as an act of spite against the National League for Democracy leader.", "title": "Aung San Oo" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Lichtentaler Allee is a historic park and arboretum set out as a 2.3 kilometer strolling avenue along the west bank of the river Oos in Baden-Baden, Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is open daily without charge.", "title": "Lichtentaler Allee" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Liliana Mayo is the founder and general director of Centro Ann Sullivan del Perú, an organization that serves people with developmental disabilities and their families. She is a frequent key speaker on parent and sibling training, supported employment opportunities for people with developmental disabilities, inclusion and distance education. She is a professor of special education at the Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú and Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, and adjunct faculty member of the Applied Behavioral Science Department at the University of Kansas. She received her B.S. degree in psychology from the Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, and her M.A. and Ph.D. degrees in Human Development and Family Life from the University of Kansas.", "title": "Liliana Mayo" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "During childhood, siblings are a source of conflict and frustration as well as a support system. Adolescence may affect this relationship differently, depending on sibling gender. In same-sex sibling pairs, intimacy increases during early adolescence, then remains stable. Mixed-sex siblings pairs act differently; siblings drift apart during early adolescent years, but experience an increase in intimacy starting at middle adolescence. Sibling interactions are children's first relational experiences, the ones that shape their social and self-understanding for life. Sustaining positive sibling relations can assist adolescents in a number of ways. Siblings are able to act as peers, and may increase one another's sociability and feelings of self-worth. Older siblings can give guidance to younger siblings, although the impact of this can be either positive or negative depending on the activity of the older sibling.", "title": "Adolescence" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Demand-chain management is the same as supply chain management, but with emphasis on consumer pull vs. supplier push. The demand chain begins with customers, then funnels through any resellers, distributors, and other business partners who help sell the company's products and services. The demand chain includes both direct and indirect sales forces. Customers demand is hard to detect because out of stock situations (OOS) falsify data collected from POS-Terminals. According to studies of Corsten/Gruen (2002, 2008) the OOS-rate is about 8%. For products under sales promotion OOS rates up to 30% exist. Reliable information about demand is necessary for DCM therefore lowering OOS is a main factor for successful DCM.", "title": "Demand-chain management" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The impact of the post-election reforms has been observed in numerous areas, including ASEAN's approval of Myanmar's bid for the position of ASEAN chair in 2014; the visit by United States Secretary of State Hillary Clinton in December 2011 for the encouragement of further progress, which was the first visit by a Secretary of State in more than fifty years, during which Clinton met with the Burmese president and former military commander Thein Sein, as well as opposition leader Aung San Suu Kyi; and the participation of Aung San Suu Kyi's National League for Democracy (NLD) party in the 2012 by-elections, facilitated by the government's abolition of the laws that previously barred the NLD. As of July 2013, about 100 political prisoners remain imprisoned, while conflict between the Burmese Army and local insurgent groups continues.", "title": "Myanmar" } ]

[ { "answer": "Aung San Suu Kyi", "id": 207212, "paragraph_support_idx": 14, "question": "Aung San Oo >> sibling", "raw_question": "Aung San Oo >> sibling", "statement": "The employer of Aung San Suu Kyi, the sibling of Aung San Oo, named \"The Trusteeship Of The Powerful\"." }, { "answer": "United Nations", "id": 707133, "paragraph_support_idx": 4, "question": "Aung San Suu Kyi >> employer", "raw_question": "#1 >> employer", "statement": "The United Nations named \"The Trusteeship Of The Powerful\" by the employer of Aung San Suu Kyi." }, { "answer": "\"Four Policemen\"", "id": 33297, "paragraph_support_idx": 9, "question": "What did The United Nations name \"The Trusteeship Of The Powerful\"", "raw_question": "What did The #2 name \"The Trusteeship Of The Powerful\"", "statement": "The United Nations named \"The Trusteeship Of The Powerful\" \"Four Policemen\"." } ]

[ "Four Policemen" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Stranger in the Snow is a novel by the American writer Lester Goran set in the 1960s in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.", "title": "The Stranger in the Snow" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Filming took place on location in Paris, produced by Joseph Strick with some help from the author, whose persona was portrayed by Rip Torn and his wife Mona by Ellen Burstyn. The novel had provided a test for American laws on pornography in the early 1960s, and the film was rated X in the United States, which was later changed to an NC-17 rating in 1992. In the UK the film was refused a theatrical 'X' certificate by the BBFC. Strick had previously adapted other works of literature - Jean Genet's \"The Balcony\" and James Joyce's \"Ulysses\". The film is available on YouTube, although YouTube falsely labeled it as unrated in order to carry it.", "title": "Tropic of Cancer (film)" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Wicked Witch of the West is a fictional character created by American author L. Frank Baum as the most significant antagonist in his classic children's novel The Wonderful Wizard of Oz (1900). In Baum's subsequent Oz novels, it is the Nome King who is the principal villain; the Wicked Witch of the West is rarely even referred to again after her death in the first book.", "title": "Wicked Witch of the West" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Le Chevalier de Maison-Rouge (translated as \"The Knight of Maison-Rouge: A Novel of Marie Antoinette\" or \"The Knight of the Red House\") was written in 1845 by Alexandre Dumas, père. It is related to a series referred to as the Marie Antoinette romances, though technically not part of that series as the characters of Joseph Balsamo (also known as Cagliostro) and Doctor Gilbert do not appear in the novel, and many of the other series protagonists have died by the start of this novel. The novel takes place shortly after the end of the series, following the death of Louis XVI. Set in Paris during the Reign of Terror, the novel follows the adventures of a brave young man named Maurice Lindey who unwittingly implicates himself in a Royalist plot to rescue Marie Antoinette from prison. Maurice is devoted to the Republican cause, but his infatuation with a beautiful young woman leads him into the service of the mysterious Knight of Maison-Rouge, the mastermind behind the plot.", "title": "Le Chevalier de Maison-Rouge" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Antonietta is a novel written by American Pulitzer-Prize winning author John Hersey. Published in 1991, the novel traces the history of the titular violin, a fictitious creation of Antonio Stradivari, recounting its usage under multiple owners interspersed with what Hersey describes as \"intermezzi\", interludes of fact. Hersey's 25th novel, it was the last he released before his death.", "title": "Antonietta (novel)" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Theatrical Novel (also A Dead Man's Memoir) is an unfinished novel by Mikhail Bulgakov. Written in first-person, on behalf of a writer Sergei Maksudov, the novel tells of the drama behind-the-scenes of a theatre production and the writers' world.", "title": "Theatrical Novel" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Garin Death Ray also known as The Death Box and The Hyperboloid of Engineer Garin () is a science fiction novel by the noted Russian author Aleksey Nikolayevich Tolstoy written in 1926–1927. Vladimir Nabokov considered it Tolstoy's finest fictional work.", "title": "The Garin Death Ray" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Overture to Death is a detective novel by Ngaio Marsh; it is the eighth novel to feature Roderick Alleyn, and was first published in 1939. The plot concerns a murder during a village theatrical performance; Sergei Rachmaninoff's \"Prelude in C-sharp minor\" plays a prominent part in the story. So does a \"Venetian Suite\" by Ethelbert Nevin. The murder weapon is a pistol hidden in a piano.", "title": "Overture to Death" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Runaway Jury is a legal thriller novel written by American author John Grisham. It was Grisham's seventh novel. The hardcover first edition was published by Doubleday Books in 1996 (). Pearson Longman released the graded reader edition in 2001 (). The novel was published again in 2003 to coincide with the release of \"Runaway Jury\", a movie adaptation of the novel starring Gene Hackman, Dustin Hoffman, John Cusack and Rachel Weisz. The third printing () bears a movie-themed cover, in place of the covers used on the first and second printings.", "title": "The Runaway Jury" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Snow cover (averaging 3 -- 5 months per year) is formed at the beginning of November and melts in beginning of April, but in recent years snow cover has lasted shorter than usual. For example, in the winter of 2006 -- 2007 the snow cover did n't form until the end of January, and melted at the beginning of March; in 2007 -- 2008, the snow cover melted at the end of February, and in the 2008 -- 2009 winter, snow cover did n't form until the end of December, which is one month later than usual. Yet in 2011 - 2012 it melted in the middle of April.", "title": "Climate of Moscow" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Bulgakov Museum in Moscow is a writer's house museum which commemorates the life and work of author Mikhail Afanasyevich Bulgakov in an apartment where he lived in Moscow, Russia, and in which he set portions of his novel \"The Master and Margarita\". Graffiti, including text from the novel and drawings of its characters, have decorated the external walls and stairwells of the apartment building since the beginning of perestroika. It is located about two blocks from Patriarch Ponds, the scene of the opening chapter of the novel, where the Moscow city government had planned to erect statues commemorating the novel. It is close to Mayakovskaya metro station", "title": "Bulgakov Museum in Moscow" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Penguin Lost is a novel by Andrey Kurkov. Originally published in 2005 in Russian (as Закон улитки, ), it was translated and published in English in 2010. It is the sequel to the author's novel \"Death and the Penguin\".", "title": "Penguin Lost" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Master and Commander is a nautical historical novel by the English author Patrick O'Brian, first published in 1969 in the US and 1970 in UK. The book proved to be the start of the 20-novel Aubrey-Maturin series, set largely in the era of the Napoleonic Wars, that O'Brian continued working on up until his death in 2000.", "title": "Master and Commander" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Driving Big Davie is the sixth novel of the \"Dan Starkey\" series by Northern Irish author, Colin Bateman, released on 5 April 2004 through Headline Publishing Group. Bateman started the novel in response to the death of Joe Strummer, lead singer of The Clash, who he stated was a \"huge inspiration on [his] teenage years\".", "title": "Driving Big Davie" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Blackstone Chronicles is a serialized novel by American horror and suspense author John Saul. The series consists of six installments and takes place in a fictional New Hampshire town called Blackstone. The series has been adapted into both a computer game and graphic novel.", "title": "Blackstone Chronicles" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Edward Rowe Snow (August 22, 1902 Winthrop, Massachusetts - April 10, 1982 Boston, Massachusetts) was an American author and historian.", "title": "Edward Rowe Snow" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Xiaolongnü is the fictional female protagonist of the wuxia novel \"The Return of the Condor Heroes\" by Jin Yong. In the novel, her physical appearances is described as follows: \"skin as white as snow, beautiful and elegant beyond convention and cannot be underestimated, but appears cold and indifferent\".", "title": "Xiaolongnü" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Shadow Puppets is a science fiction novel by American author Orson Scott Card, published in 2002. It is the sequel to \"Shadow of the Hegemon\" and the third book in the Ender's Shadow series (often called the Bean Quartet). It was originally to be called \"Shadow of Death\".", "title": "Shadow Puppets" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Norma Fox Mazer (May 15, 1931 – October 17, 2009) was an American author and teacher, best known for her books for children and young adults. Her novels featured credible young characters confronting difficult situations such as family separation and death.", "title": "Norma Fox Mazer" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Third Reich (\"El Tercer Reich\" in Spanish) is a novel by the Chilean author Roberto Bolaño written in 1989. It was discovered among his papers following his death and published in Spanish in 2010. An English translation by Natasha Wimmer was published in November 2011.", "title": "The Third Reich (novel)" } ]

[ { "answer": "Mikhail Bulgakov", "id": 545781, "paragraph_support_idx": 5, "question": "Theatrical Novel >> author", "raw_question": "Theatrical Novel >> author", "statement": "Mikhail Bulgakov was the author of Theatrical Novel." }, { "answer": "Moscow", "id": 284041, "paragraph_support_idx": 10, "question": "Mikhail Bulgakov >> place of death", "raw_question": "#1 >> place of death", "statement": "Mikhail Bulgakov died in Moscow." }, { "answer": "the beginning of November", "id": 90300, "paragraph_support_idx": 9, "question": "when does it start to snow in Moscow", "raw_question": "when does it start to snow in #2", "statement": "It starts to snow in Moscow at the beginning of November." } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Operation Sunbeam was a series of four nuclear tests conducted at the United States of America's Nevada Test Site in 1962. \"Operation Sunbeam\" tested small, \"tactical\" nuclear warheads; the most notable was the \"Davy Crockett\". \"Operation Sunbeam\" was also known as \"Operation Dominic II\".", "title": "Operation Sunbeam" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Operation Project 56 was a series of 4 nuclear tests conducted by the United States in 1955-1956 at the Nevada Test Site. These tests followed the \"Operation Wigwam\" series and preceded the \"Operation Redwing\" series.", "title": "Project 56 (nuclear test)" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Koeberg Alert is an anti-nuclear activist organisation formed in 1983 as a local campaign against South Africa's nuclear programme, in particular the construction of Koeberg Nuclear Power Station. It is possibly the country's first activist green movement, apart from Nan Rice's Dolphin Action and Protection Group. For years it was allied to the broader democratic and anti-apartheid movement. It currently organises various anti-nuclear campaigns, as well as participates in the wider anti-war and peace movements.", "title": "Koeberg Alert" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power (, KHNP) is a subsidiary of the Korea Electric Power Corporation (KEPCO). It operates large nuclear and hydroelectric plants in South Korea, which are responsible for about 30% of the country's electric power supply. It was formally established in 2001 as part of a general restructuring at KEPCO, although KEPCO had opened its first nuclear plant at Kori in Busan in 1977. The first commercial operation of Kori nuclear #1 was held 1978.", "title": "Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "\"Do\" can either mean \"province\" or \"island\" in Korean. \"Seom\" means island in the Korean language as well, although \"do\" is a Sino-Korean word used in name compound words, but \"seom\" can stand alone. Filming for \"Mapado\" did not take place on an island, but in Dongbaek village in Yeonggwang County, South Korea.", "title": "Mapado" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Pokhran - II was the series of five nuclear bomb test explosions conducted by India at the Indian Army's Pokhran Test Range in May 1998. It was the second Indian nuclear test; the first test, code - named Smiling Buddha, was conducted in May 1974.", "title": "Pokhran-II" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Underground tests in the United States continued until 1992 (its last nuclear test), the Soviet Union until 1990, the United Kingdom until 1991, and both China and France until 1996. In signing the Comprehensive Nuclear - Test - Ban Treaty in 1996, these states have pledged to discontinue all nuclear testing; the treaty has not yet entered into force because of failure to be ratified by eight countries. Non-signatories India and Pakistan last tested nuclear weapons in 1998. North Korea conducted nuclear tests in 2006, 2009, 2013, 2016, and 2017. The most recent confirmed nuclear test occurred in September 2017 in North Korea.", "title": "Nuclear weapons testing" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "At the Multan meeting, Bhutto also appointed Munir Ahmad Khan as chairman of PAEC, who, until then, had been working as director at the nuclear power and Reactor Division of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), in Vienna, Austria. In December 1972, Abdus Salam led the establishment of Theoretical Physics Group (TPG) as he called scientists working at ICTP to report to Munir Ahmad Khan. This marked the beginning of Pakistan's pursuit of nuclear deterrence capability. Following India's surprise nuclear test, codenamed Smiling Buddha in 1974, the first confirmed nuclear test by a nation outside the permanent five members of the United Nations Security Council, the goal to develop nuclear weapons received considerable impetus.", "title": "Pakistan and weapons of mass destruction" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Dental Admission Test (abbreviated DAT) is a multiple-choice standardized exam taken by potential dental school students in the United States and Canada (although there is a separate Canadian version with differing sections, both American and Canadian versions are usually interchangeably accepted in both countries' dental schools. This article will specifically describe the American DAT). The DAT is a computer based test that can be administered almost any day of the year. Tests are taken at Prometric testing centers throughout the United States after the preliminary application through the American Dental Association is completed. Each applicant may only take the test a total of three times before having to ask special permission to take the exam again. After taking the exam you must wait 90 days before repeating it. Each exam costs $460, all of which is non-refundable.", "title": "Dental Admission Test" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The 2006 North Korean nuclear test was the detonation of a nuclear device conducted by North Korea on October 9, 2006.", "title": "2006 North Korean nuclear test" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "After the dissolution of the Soviet Union, Ukraine inherited a 780,000-man military force on its territory, equipped with the third-largest nuclear weapons arsenal in the world. In May 1992, Ukraine signed the Lisbon Protocol in which the country agreed to give up all nuclear weapons to Russia for disposal and to join the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty as a non-nuclear weapon state. Ukraine ratified the treaty in 1994, and by 1996 the country became free of nuclear weapons.Ukraine took consistent steps toward reduction of conventional weapons. It signed the Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe, which called for reduction of tanks, artillery, and armoured vehicles (army forces were reduced to 300,000). The country plans to convert the current conscript-based military into a professional volunteer military.", "title": "Ukraine" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Pokhran - II tests were a series of five nuclear bomb test explosions conducted by India at the Indian Army's Pokhran Test Range in May 1998. It was the second instance of nuclear testing conducted by India; the first test, code - named Smiling Buddha, was conducted in May 1974.", "title": "Pokhran-II" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Country Warheads (Deployed / Total) Date of first test Test site of first test CTBT status Delivery methods Number of tests The five nuclear - weapon states under the NPT United States 1,800 / 6,800 16 July 1945 (``Trinity '') Alamogordo, New Mexico Signatory Nuclear triad 1,054 Russia 1,950 / 7,000 29 August 1949 (`` RDS - 1'') Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan Ratifier Nuclear triad 715 United Kingdom 120 / 215 3 October 1952 (``Hurricane '') Monte Bello Islands, Australia Ratifier Sea - based 45 France 280 / 300 13 February 1960 (`` Gerboise Bleue'') Sahara, French Algeria Ratifier Sea - and air - based 210 China? / 270 16 October 1964 (``596 '') Lop Nur, Xinjiang Signatory Suspected nuclear triad. 45 Non-NPT nuclear powers India 0 / 110 -- 120 18 May 1974 (`` Smiling Buddha'') Pokhran, Rajasthan Non-signatory Nuclear triad 6 Pakistan 0 / 120 -- 130 28 May 1998 (``Chagai - I '') Ras Koh Hills, Balochistan Non-signatory Land and air - based. 6 North Korea 0 /? 9 October 2006 Kilju, North Hamgyong Non-signatory Suspected land and sea - based. 6 Undeclared nuclear powers Israel n.a. / est. 60 -- 400 1960 -- 1979 incl. suspected Vela Incident Signatory Suspected nuclear triad.", "title": "List of states with nuclear weapons" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "After Indira Gandhi became Prime Minister in 1966, the nuclear program was consolidated when physicist Raja Ramanna joined the efforts. Another nuclear test by China eventually led to India's decision toward building nuclear weapons in 1967 and conducted its first nuclear test, Smiling Buddha, in 1974.", "title": "Pokhran-II" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Korean War (in South Korean Hangul: 한국전쟁; Hanja: 韓國戰爭; RR: Hanguk Jeonjaeng, ``Korean War ''; in North Korean Chosŏn'gŭl: 조국해방전쟁; Hancha: 祖國解放戰爭; MR: Choguk haebang chǒnjaeng,`` Fatherland Liberation War''; 25 June 1950 -- 27 July 1953) was a war between North Korea (with the support of China and the Soviet Union) and South Korea (with the principal support of the United States). The war began on 25 June 1950 when North Korea invaded South Korea following a series of clashes along the border. The United Nations, with the United States as the principal force, came to the aid of South Korea. China came to the aid of North Korea, and the Soviet Union also gave some assistance to the North.", "title": "Korean War" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "During the early years of the Cold War from 1946 to 1958, the United States tested 67 nuclear weapons at its Pacific Proving Grounds located in the Marshall Islands, including the largest atmospheric nuclear test ever conducted by the U.S., code named Castle Bravo. \"The bombs had a total yield of 108,496 kilotons, over 7,200 times more powerful than the atomic weapons used during World War II.\" With the 1952 test of the first U.S. hydrogen bomb, code named \"Ivy Mike,\" the island of Elugelab in the Enewetak atoll was destroyed. In 1956, the United States Atomic Energy Commission regarded the Marshall Islands as \"by far the most contaminated place in the world.\"", "title": "Marshall Islands" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Nuclear power in Germany accounted for 17.7% of national electricity supply in 2011, compared to 22.4% in 2010. German nuclear power began with research reactors in the 1950s and 1960s with the first commercial plant coming online in 1969. As of 2017, the share of nuclear power in the electricity sector in the country is decreasing following the decision of a complete nuclear phase - out by the next decade.", "title": "Nuclear power in Germany" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "North Korea has a military nuclear weapons program and also has a significant quantity of chemical and biological weapons. As of 2003, North Korea is no longer a party to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT). The country has come under sanctions after conducting a number of nuclear tests, beginning in 2006.", "title": "North Korea and weapons of mass destruction" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Israel is widely believed to possess weapons of mass destruction, and to be one of four nuclear-armed countries not recognized as a Nuclear Weapons State by the Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT). The US Congress Office of Technology Assessment has recorded Israel as a country generally reported as having undeclared chemical warfare capabilities, and an offensive biological warfare program. Officially, Israel neither confirms nor denies possessing nuclear weapons.", "title": "Israel and weapons of mass destruction" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "United States Nuclear program start date 21 October 1939 First nuclear weapon test 16 July 1945 First fusion weapon test 1 November 1952 Last nuclear test 23 September 1992 Largest yield test 15 Mt / 63 PJ (1 March 1954) Total tests 1,054 detonations Peak stockpile 31,255 warheads (1967) Current stockpile (usable and not) 4,000 (2018) (excludes retired and awaiting dismantlement) Current strategic arsenal 1,800 deployed strategic nuclear warheads (2018) Maximum missile range 15,000 km (9,321 mi) (land) 12,000 km (7,456 mi) (sub) NPT party Yes (1968, one of five recognized powers)", "title": "Nuclear weapons of the United States" } ]

[ { "answer": "South Korea", "id": 105813, "paragraph_support_idx": 4, "question": "What country did Mapado originate?", "raw_question": "What country did Mapado originate?", "statement": "Mapado originated in South Korea." }, { "answer": "North Korea", "id": 62641, "paragraph_support_idx": 14, "question": "who invaded South Korea and tried to take over their country", "raw_question": "who invaded #1 and tried to take over their country", "statement": "North Korea invaded South Korea." }, { "answer": "October 9, 2006", "id": 85523, "paragraph_support_idx": 9, "question": "when did North Korea conduct its first nuclear test", "raw_question": "when did #2 conduct its first nuclear test", "statement": "North Korea conducted its first nuclear test on October 9, 2006." } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jakub Martinec is professor of choral activities at Memorial University of Newfoundland, holds a Ph.D. in music from the University of Western Ontario and Artistic Advisor, former Conductor and Founding Artistic Director of the Czech Boys Choir.", "title": "Jakub Martinec" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"American Boy\" is a song written and recorded by American country music artist Eddie Rabbitt. It was released in August 1990 as the fourth single from his album \"Jersey Boy\". The song reached number 11 on country charts and was his final song to reach the top 40 on the chart.", "title": "American Boy (Eddie Rabbitt song)" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jean-Paul Rouve (born 26 January 1967) is a French actor, film director, screenwriter and producer. He is a member of the troupe \"Les Robins des Bois\".", "title": "Jean-Paul Rouve" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Pursuant to this power, Congress in 1790 passed the first naturalization law for the United States, the Naturalization Act of 1790. The law enabled those who had resided in the country for two years and had kept their current state of residence for a year to apply for citizenship. However it restricted naturalization to ``free white persons ''of`` good moral character''.", "title": "History of laws concerning immigration and naturalization in the United States" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Wilder Days\" is a song written by Michael Bonagura and Craig Bickhardt, and recorded by American country music group Baillie & the Boys. It was released in December 1987 as the third single from the album \"Baillie & the Boys\". The song reached #9 on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart. Wilder Days was also recorded by The Ozark Mountain Daredevils on their \"\"Modern History'\", album.", "title": "Wilder Days" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The reference to naturalization in the Citizenship Clause is to the process by which immigrants are granted United States citizenship. Congress has power in relation to naturalization under the Naturalization Clause in Article I, Section 8, Clause 4 of the Constitution.", "title": "Citizenship Clause" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Deputy Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation FBI seal Incumbent David Bowdich Acting since January 30, 2018 Reports to Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation Appointer Director of the FBI Inaugural holder Clyde Tolson (BOI) Formation 1930 (as Associate Director) Deputy Associate Deputy Director", "title": "Deputy Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Errol Osbourne Nolan II (born August 18, 1991) is an American born sprinter of Jamaican descent who holds dual citizenship with both countries. He now competes for Jamaica as of 2012. He specialises in the 200 and 400 metres.", "title": "Errol Nolan" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Country Boy ''Single by Aaron Lewis featuring George Jones, Chris Young and Charlie Daniels from the album Town Line Released December 7, 2010 (2010 - 12 - 07) Format Digital download Genre Country rock hard rock post-grunge Length 4: 45 Label Stroudavarious Songwriter (s) Aaron Lewis Producer (s) James Stroud Aaron Lewis singles chronology`` Outside'' (2000) ``Country Boy ''(2010)`` Endless Summer'' (2012) ``Outside ''(2000)`` Country Boy'' (2011) ``Endless Summer ''(2012)", "title": "Country Boy (Aaron Lewis song)" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Rohingya people have consistently faced human rights abuses by the Burmese regime that has refused to acknowledge them as Burmese citizens (despite some of them having lived in Burma for over three generations)—the Rohingya have been denied Burmese citizenship since the enactment of a 1982 citizenship law. The law created three categories of citizenship: citizenship, associate citizenship, and naturalised citizenship. Citizenship is given to those who belong to one of the national races such as Kachin, Kayah (Karenni), Karen, Chin, Burman, Mon, Rakhine, Shan, Kaman, or Zerbadee. Associate citizenship is given to those who cannot prove their ancestors settled in Myanmar before 1823, but can prove they have one grandparent, or pre-1823 ancestor, who was a citizen of another country, as well as people who applied for citizenship in 1948 and qualified then by those laws. Naturalized citizenship is only given to those who have at least one parent with one of these types of Burmese citizenship or can provide \"conclusive evidence\" that their parents entered and resided in Burma prior to independence in 1948. The Burmese regime has attempted to forcibly expel Rohingya and bring in non-Rohingyas to replace them—this policy has resulted in the expulsion of approximately half of the 800,000 Rohingya from Burma, while the Rohingya people have been described as \"among the world's least wanted\" and \"one of the world's most persecuted minorities.\" But the origin of ‘most persecuted minority’ statement is unclear.", "title": "Myanmar" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Something in My Heart\" is a song written by Wayland Patton, and recorded by American country music artist Ricky Skaggs. It was released in October 1984 as the first single from his album \"Country Boy\". The song reached #2 on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles chart in February 1985 and #1 on the \"RPM\" Country Tracks chart in Canada.", "title": "Something in My Heart" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "When Knights Were Bold is a 1929 British silent adventure film directed by Tim Whelan and starring Nelson Keys, Miriam Seegar and Eric Bransby Williams. It was adapted from the 1906 play \"When Knights Were Bold\" by Harriett Jay and made at Cricklewood Studios.", "title": "When Knights Were Bold (1929 film)" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "What a Man is a 1930 American romantic comedy film directed by George Crone and starring Reginald Denny, Miriam Seegar and Harvey Clark. It was an adaptation of the play \"They All Want Something\" by Courtenay Savage, which was itself based on a novel by E.J. Rath. A separate Spanish language version \"Thus Is Life\" was made at the same time. The film was remade in 1938 as \"Merrily We Live\". It is also known by the alternative title The Gentleman Chauffeur.", "title": "What a Man (1930 film)" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Telman Mardanovich Ismailov (, ; born 26 October 1956) is an Azerbaijani-born businessman and entrepreneur of Mountain Jew origin. Since Azerbaijan does not allow dual citizenship, he holds Russian-Turkish citizenship. He is the chairman of the Russian AST Group of companies, which is active in many countries. Until 2009, Ismailov owned the Europe's then-largest marketplace, Cherkizovsky Market, located in Moscow, Russia.", "title": "Telman Ismailov" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Donal Logue Logue in 2014 Donal Francis Logue (1965 - 02 - 27) February 27, 1965 (age 53) or (1966 - 02 - 27) February 27, 1966 (age 52) (sources vary) Ottawa, Ontario, Canada Citizenship United States, Canada, Ireland Education Harvard University Occupation Actor Director Producer Writer Years active 1992 -- present Known for Lee Toric (Sons of Anarchy) Sean Finnerty (Grounded for Life) King Horik (Vikings) Harvey Bullock (Gotham) Spouse (s) Kasey Walker (divorced) Children", "title": "Donal Logue" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Feather Fairy () is a 1985 adaptation of a Brothers Grimm's Mother Hulda short story directed by Slovak director Juraj Jakubisko. A fairy tale about a grandma who cares for snow and a boy who isn't afraid of death.", "title": "The Feather Fairy" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Albano Carrisi (Italian: [alˈbaːno karˈriːzi]; born 20 May 1943), better known as Al Bano, is an Italian recording artist, actor, and winemaker. In 2016, he was awarded Albanian citizenship due to his close ties with the country.", "title": "Albano Carrisi" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Dame Angela Lansbury DBE Angela Lansbury in 2013 Angela Brigid Lansbury (1925 - 10 - 16) 16 October 1925 (age 92) Regent's Park, London, England Nationality British, Irish, American (multiple citizenship) Occupation Actress, singer, songwriter, producer, writer Years active 1943 -- present Spouse (s) Richard Cromwell (m. 1945; div. 1946) Peter Shaw (m. 1949; d. 2003) Children Parent (s) Edgar Lansbury Moyna Macgill Family Bruce Lansbury (brother) Edgar Lansbury (brother) George Lansbury (paternal grandfather) Tamara Ustinov (niece) John Postgate (cousin) Oliver Postgate (cousin) Coral Lansbury (cousin)", "title": "Angela Lansbury" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"You Made a Wanted Man of Me\" is a song written by Jeff Crossan, and recorded by American country music artist Ronnie McDowell. It was released in October 1983 as the first single from the album \"Country Boy's Heart\". The song reached #3 on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart.", "title": "You Made a Wanted Man of Me" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "It's a Boy is a 1933 British comedy film directed by Tim Whelan and starring Leslie Henson, Albert Burdon and Edward Everett Horton. It is a farce about a blackmailer who attempts to demand money from a young woman on the brink of marriage. It was based on the 1931 play \"It's a Boy\" by Austin Melford, an English adaption of the 1926 play \"Hurra, ein Junge\" by Franz Arnold and Ernst Bach.", "title": "It's a Boy (film)" } ]

[ { "answer": "Tim Whelan", "id": 780087, "paragraph_support_idx": 19, "question": "It's a Boy >> director", "raw_question": "It's a Boy >> director", "statement": "Tim Whelan is the director of It's a Boy." }, { "answer": "Miriam Seegar", "id": 848839, "paragraph_support_idx": 11, "question": "Tim Whelan >> spouse", "raw_question": "#1 >> spouse", "statement": "Tim Whelan's spouse, Miriam Seegar, was a citizen of the United States." }, { "answer": "America", "id": 275064, "paragraph_support_idx": 12, "question": "Miriam Seegar >> country of citizenship", "raw_question": "#2 >> country of citizenship", "statement": "Miriam Seegar is an American." } ]

[ "United States", "US", "the United States" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In non-Commonwealth countries the prime minister may be entitled to the style of Excellency like a president. In some Commonwealth countries prime ministers and former prime ministers are styled Right Honourable due to their position, for example in the Prime Minister of Canada. In the United Kingdom the prime minister and former prime ministers may appear to also be styled Right Honourable, however this is not due to their position as head of government but as a privilege of being current members of Her Majesty's Most Honourable Privy Council.", "title": "Prime minister" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Benedicto Kagimu Mugumba Kiwanuka (8 May 1922 – 22 September 1972) was the first prime minister of Uganda, a leader of the Democratic Party, and one of the persons that led the country in the transition between colonial British rule and independence. He was murdered by Idi Amin's regime in 1972.", "title": "Benedicto Kiwanuka" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Maghrebi mint tea (at - tāy): (Arabic: الشاي ‎ aš - šāy; Maghrebi Arabic: التاي at - tāy) also known as Moroccan mint tea, is a green tea prepared with spearmint leaves and sugar, traditional to the Maghreb region (the northwest African countries of Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, and Mauritania). The tea was originally made by English traders and has spread in popularity throughout Africa, France, and other neighboring countries. Known for its flavor and vitality, the fresh mint used to prepare the at - tāy helps to clear the palate after meals.", "title": "Arabic tea" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "South Korea is located in East Asia, on the southern half of the Korean Peninsula jutting out from the far east of the Asian land mass. The only country with a land border to South Korea is North Korea, lying to the north with 238 kilometres (148 mi) of border running along the Korean Demilitarized Zone. South Korea is mostly surrounded by water and has 2,413 kilometres (1,499 mi) of coast line along three seas; to the west is the Yellow Sea (known in Korea as West Sea), to the south is the East China Sea, and to the east is the Sea of Japan (known in Korea as East Sea). Geographically, South Korea's land mass is approximately 100,032 square kilometres (38,623 sq mi). 290 square kilometres (110 sq mi) of South Korea are occupied by water. The approximate coordinates are 37 ° North, 127 ° 30 East. Notable islands include Jeju Island (Jejudo), Ulleung Island (Ulleungdo), and Liancourt Rocks (Dokdo, known in Japan as Takeshima).", "title": "Geography of South Korea" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Other common forms include president of the council of ministers (for example in Italy, Presidente del Consiglio dei Ministri), President of the Executive Council, or Minister-President. In the Scandinavian countries the prime minister is called statsminister in the native languages (i.e. minister of state). In federations, the head of government of subnational entities such as provinces is most commonly known as the premier, chief minister, governor or minister-president.", "title": "Prime minister" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The United Nations designates Tuvalu as a least developed country (LDC) because of its limited potential for economic development, absence of exploitable resources and its small size and vulnerability to external economic and environmental shocks. Tuvalu participates in the Enhanced Integrated Framework for Trade-Related Technical Assistance to Least Developed Countries (EIF), which was established in October 1997 under the auspices of the World Trade Organisation. In 2013 Tuvalu deferred its graduation from least developed country (LDC) status to a developing country to 2015. Prime Minister Enele Sopoaga said that this deferral was necessary to maintain access by Tuvalu to the funds provided by the United Nations's National Adaptation Programme of Action (NAPA), as \"Once Tuvalu graduates to a developed country, it will not be considered for funding assistance for climate change adaptation programmes like NAPA, which only goes to LDCs\". Tuvalu had met targets so that Tuvalu was to graduate from LDC status. Prime minister, Enele Sopoaga wants the United Nations to reconsider its criteria for graduation from LDC status as not enough weight is given to the environmental plight of small island states like Tuvalu in the application of the Environmental Vulnerability Index (EVI).", "title": "Tuvalu" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Canada's constitution, being a 'mixed' or hybrid constitution (a constitution that is partly formally codified and partly uncodified) originally did not make any reference whatsoever to a prime minister, with her or his specific duties and method of appointment instead dictated by \"convention\". In the Constitution Act, 1982, passing reference to a \"Prime Minister of Canada\" is added, though only regarding the composition of conferences of federal and provincial first ministers.", "title": "Prime minister" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Prime Minister of Iraq is Iraq's head of government. The Prime Minister was originally an appointed office, subsidiary to the head of state, and the nominal leader of the Iraqi parliament. Under the newly adopted constitution the Prime Minister is to be the country's active executive authority. Nouri al - Maliki (formerly Jawad al - Maliki) was selected to be Prime Minister on 21 April 2006. On 14 August 2014 al - Maliki agreed to step down as prime minister of Iraq to allow Haider al - Abadi to take his place.", "title": "Prime Minister of Iraq" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Second Sirimavo Bandaranaike cabinet was the central government of Ceylon led by Prime Minister Sirimavo Bandaranaike between 1970 and 1977. It was formed in May 1970 after the parliamentary election and it ended in July 1977 after the opposition's victory in the parliamentary election. The second Sirimavo Bandaranaike cabinet saw Ceylon severing the last colonial ties with Britain as the country became a parliamentary republic in May 1972. The country was also renamed Sri Lanka.", "title": "Second Sirimavo Bandaranaike cabinet" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "At the end of the Balkan Wars, the extent of Greece's territory and population had increased. In the following years, the struggle between King Constantine I and charismatic Prime Minister Eleftherios Venizelos over the country's foreign policy on the eve of World War I dominated the country's political scene, and divided the country into two opposing groups. During parts of the First World War, Greece had two governments; a royalist pro-German government in Athens and a Venizelist pro-Britain one in Thessaloniki. The two governments were united in 1917, when Greece officially entered the war on the side of the Triple Entente.", "title": "Greece" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In its Basic Laws, Israel defines itself as a Jewish and democratic state. Israel is a representative democracy with a parliamentary system, proportional representation and universal suffrage. The prime minister serves as head of government and the Knesset serves as the legislature. Israel is a developed country and an OECD member, with the 35th-largest economy in the world by nominal gross domestic product as of 2015[update]. The country benefits from a highly skilled workforce and is among the most educated countries in the world with the one of the highest percentage of its citizens holding a tertiary education degree. The country has the highest standard of living in the Middle East and the fourth highest in Asia, and has one of the highest life expectancies in the world.", "title": "Israel" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The National Zoo () is a zoo in Malaysia located on of land in Ulu Klang, Gombak District, Selangor, Malaysia. It was officially opened on 14 November 1963 by the country's first prime minister, Tunku Abdul Rahman. The park is managed by a non-governmental organisation known as the Malaysian Zoological Society. For funding, Zoo Negara relies on gate collections and on support from donors and sponsors.", "title": "National Zoo of Malaysia" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "For the purposes of local government, it falls within the district of King's Lynn and West Norfolk. It is the location of Houghton Hall, a large country house built by Robert Walpole, the first Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.", "title": "Houghton, Norfolk" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "\"Do\" can either mean \"province\" or \"island\" in Korean. \"Seom\" means island in the Korean language as well, although \"do\" is a Sino-Korean word used in name compound words, but \"seom\" can stand alone. Filming for \"Mapado\" did not take place on an island, but in Dongbaek village in Yeonggwang County, South Korea.", "title": "Mapado" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Sutan Sjahrir (5 March 1909 – 9 April 1966) was an avant garde and idealistic Indonesian intellectual, as well as revolutionary independence leader. He became the first prime minister of Indonesia in 1945, after a career as a key Indonesian nationalist organizer in the 1930s and 1940s. From there, Sutan worked hard as Prime Minister to ensure Indonesia was living up to its name. He was a pure idealist and a genius intellectual who despite his political interest, put his country first before his own needs. Unlike some of his colleagues, he did not support the Japanese and worked to gain independence for Indonesia.", "title": "Sutan Sjahrir" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Marisol Touraine (; born 7 March 1959) is a French politician. She serves as Minister of Social Affairs and Health under Prime Minister Jean-Marc Ayrault, Prime Minister Manuel Valls, and under Prime Minister Bernard Cazeneuve.", "title": "Marisol Touraine" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Premier of the Cabinet (Chosŏn'gŭl: 총리; Hancha: 總理; MR: Chongni) is nominally the non-executive head of government of North Korea. The office is also alternatively known as Prime Minister of North Korea. The current premier is Pak Pong - ju.", "title": "Premier of North Korea" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "John Christian Watson (born John Christian Tanck; 9 April 186718 November 1941), commonly known as Chris Watson, was an Australian politician who served as the third Prime Minister of Australia. He was the first Prime Minister from the Australian Labour Party, and led the world's first Labour Party government, indeed the world's first socialist or social democratic government, at a national level. From paternal German and maternal British ancestry, he is the only Australian Prime Minister not born in a Commonwealth country.", "title": "Chris Watson" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The country continued to be governed by a Junta de Salvação Nacional until the Portuguese legislative election of 1976. It was won by the Portuguese Socialist Party (PS) and Mário Soares, its leader, became Prime Minister of the 1st Constitutional Government on 23 July. Mário Soares would be Prime Minister from 1976 to 1978 and again from 1983 to 1985. In this capacity Soares tried to resume the economic growth and development record that had been achieved before the Carnation Revolution, during the last decade of the previous regime. He initiated the process of accession to the European Economic Community (EEC) by starting accession negotiations as early as 1977.", "title": "Portugal" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The series depicts a fictional near future in which Russia, with support from the European Union, occupies Norway to restore its oil and gas production, in response to a Europe-wide energy crisis. Due to catastrophic environmental events, Norway's Prime Minister has stopped the country's oil and gas production.", "title": "Occupied" } ]

[ { "answer": "South Korea", "id": 105813, "paragraph_support_idx": 13, "question": "What country did Mapado originate?", "raw_question": "What country did Mapado originate?", "statement": "Mapado originated from South Korea." }, { "answer": "North Korea", "id": 58005, "paragraph_support_idx": 3, "question": "what are the neighboring countries of South Korea", "raw_question": "what are the neighboring countries of #1", "statement": "North Korea is a neighboring country of South Korea." }, { "answer": "Pak Pong - ju", "id": 75534, "paragraph_support_idx": 16, "question": "who is the prime minister of North Korea now", "raw_question": "who is the prime minister of #2 now", "statement": "Pak Pong-ju is the prime minister of North Korea." } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "After Banning disables Kang’s communications, Kang tries to execute Secretary of Defense Ruth McMillan (Melissa Leo) outside the White House in front of the media, but Banning rescues her. With his forces dwindling, Kang fakes his and Asher's death by sacrificing several of his men and the remaining hostages. However, Banning sees through the ruse. Kang eventually cracks Asher’s code using a brute-force attack and activates Cerberus. As Kang and his remaining men attempt to escape, Banning ambushes them and kills the remaining terrorists. During the fight, Asher tries to break free from Kang's grip and is subsequently shot by him in the stomach. Banning and Kang confront each other and a climactic fight breaks out, in which Kang quickly gains the upper hand. Eventually, Banning kills Kang by stabbing him in the head with a knife and disables Cerberus with the assistance of Trumbull and his staff, with only seconds to spare.", "title": "Olympus Has Fallen" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Canan Öztoprak (born 1955) is a Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus Cabinet Minister appointed in the April 2005 TRNC Government of Prime Minister Ferdi Sabit Soyer. Her portfolios are National Education and Culture. She has been an active peace activist and founding member of the Cyprus Conflict Resolution Trainers Group.", "title": "Canan Öztoprak" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Serdar Denktaş (in English often spelled \"Serdar Denktash\") is son of Rauf Denktaş, the former President of the de facto Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus.", "title": "Serdar Denktaş" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Nowadays, France only recognizes French as an official language. Nevertheless, on 10 December 2007, the General Council of the Pyrénées-Orientales officially recognized Catalan as one of the languages of the department and seeks to further promote it in public life and education.", "title": "Catalan language" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "ISO 14051 is part of the ISO 14000 family of standards relating to environmental management codified by the International Organization for Standardization. The purpose of ISO 14051:2011 is to provide principles and generic guidelines on material flow cost accounting. The norm seeks to provide a universally recognized paradigm for practitioners and companies employing material flow cost accounting. It is not intended for third parties certification.", "title": "ISO 14051" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Since 1965, following clashes between the two communities, the Turkish Cypriot seats in the House remain vacant. In 1974 Cyprus was divided de facto when the Turkish army occupied the northern third of the island. The Turkish Cypriots subsequently declared independence in 1983 as the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus but were recognised only by Turkey. In 1985 the TRNC adopted a constitution and held its first elections. The United Nations recognises the sovereignty of the Republic of Cyprus over the entire island of Cyprus.", "title": "Cyprus" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1964, Turkey tried to invade Cyprus in response to the continuing Cypriot intercommunal violence. But Turkey was stopped by a strongly worded telegram from the US President Lyndon B. Johnson on 5 June, warning that the US would not stand beside Turkey in case of a consequential Soviet invasion of Turkish territory. Meanwhile, by 1964, enosis was a Greek policy that could not be abandoned; Makarios and the Greek prime minister Georgios Papandreou agreed that enosis should be the ultimate aim and King Constantine wished Cyprus \"a speedy union with the mother country\". Greece dispatched 10,000 troops to Cyprus to counter a possible Turkish invasion.", "title": "Cyprus" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "United Nations Security Council resolution 573, adopted on 4 October 1985, after hearing a complaint by Tunisia, the Council condemned an air raid on the country by the Air Force of Israel on 1 October. The Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) headquarters was targeted in the attack, after Israel had responded to the murder of three Israeli citizens in Cyprus.", "title": "United Nations Security Council Resolution 573" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Territories of the United States are sub-national administrative divisions directly overseen by the United States Federal Government. Unlike U.S. states and Native American tribes which exercise limited sovereignty alongside the federal government, territories are without sovereignty. The territories are classified by whether they are incorporated and whether they have an ``organized ''government through an Organic Act passed by the U.S. Congress.", "title": "Territories of the United States" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The site of the UN headquarters has extraterritoriality status. This affects some law enforcement where UN rules override the laws of New York City, but it does not give immunity to those who commit crimes there. In addition, the United Nations Headquarters remains under the jurisdiction and laws of the United States, although a few members of the UN staff have diplomatic immunity and so can not be prosecuted by local courts unless the diplomatic immunity is waived by the Secretary - General. In 2005, Secretary - General Kofi Annan waived the immunity of Benon Sevan, Aleksandr Yakovlev, and Vladimir Kuznetsov in relation to the Oil - for - Food Programme, and all were charged in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York. Benon Sevan later fled the United States to Cyprus, while Aleksandr Yakovlev and Vladimir Kuznetsov decided to stand trial.", "title": "Headquarters of the United Nations" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Kang seeks to use Asher's hostage status as leverage to force U.S. officials to withdraw the Seventh Fleet and U.S. forces from the Korean Peninsula, thus removing American opposition to a North Korean invasion of South Korea. He also seeks to destroy the American nuclear weapons stockpile by detonating them in their respective silos across the country, turning the United States into an irradiated wasteland. To accomplish this, he requires the access codes to a system called Cerberus, which are held by three top government officials, including the President, all of whom are inside the bunker. Asher orders the other two officials to reveal their codes to save their lives, certain that he will not give up his code.", "title": "Olympus Has Fallen" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The constitution of the Fifth Republic states that French alone is the official language of the Republic. However, Alsatian, along with other regional languages, are recognized by the French government in the official list of languages of France. A 1999 INSEE survey counted 548,000 adult speakers of Alsatian in France, making it the second most-spoken regional language in the country (after Occitan). Like all regional languages in France, however, the transmission of Alsatian is on the decline. While 39% of the adult population of Alsace speaks Alsatian, only one in four children speaks it, and only one in ten children uses it regularly.", "title": "Alsace" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Southern Cameroons National Council (SCNC) is a self - determination organisation seeking the independence of the anglophone Southern Cameroons from the predominantly francophone Republic of Cameroon (La République de Cameroun). It is a non-violent organization with the motto ``The force of argument, not the argument of force. ''Because the SCNC advocates separation from Cameroon, it has been declared an illegal organization by the government of Paul Biya. Security forces regularly interrupt SCNC meetings, arresting members and typically detaining them for several days before release.", "title": "Southern Cameroons National Council" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Republic of Cyprus has de jure sovereignty over the island of Cyprus and its surrounding waters, according to international law, except for the British Overseas Territory of Akrotiri and Dhekelia, administered as Sovereign Base Areas. However, the Republic of Cyprus is de facto partitioned into two main parts; the area under the effective control of the Republic, comprising about 59% of the island's area, and the north, administered by the self-declared Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, which is recognised only by Turkey, covering about 36% of the island's area. The international community considers the northern part of the island as territory of the Republic of Cyprus occupied by Turkish forces. The occupation is viewed as illegal under international law, amounting to illegal occupation of EU territory since Cyprus became a member of the European Union.", "title": "Cyprus" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Cyprus (i/ˈsaɪprəs/; Greek: Κύπρος IPA: [ˈcipros]; Turkish: Kıbrıs IPA: [ˈkɯbɾɯs]), officially the Republic of Cyprus (Greek: Κυπριακή Δημοκρατία; Turkish: Kıbrıs Cumhuriyeti), is an island country in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea, off the coasts of Syria and Turkey.[e] Cyprus is the third largest and third most populous island in the Mediterranean, and a member state of the European Union. It is located south of Turkey, west of Syria and Lebanon, northwest of Israel and Palestine, north of Egypt and east of Greece.", "title": "Cyprus" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The United Nations formulates multiple regional divisions as is convenient for its various operations. But few of them include a Near East, and that poorly defined. UNICEF recognizes the \"Middle East and North Africa\" region, where the Middle East is bounded by the Red Sea on the west and includes Iran on the east. UNESCO recognizes neither a Near East nor a Middle East, dividing the countries instead among three regions: Arab States, Asia and the Pacific, and Africa. Its division \"does not forcibly reflect geography\" but \"refers to the execution of regional activities.\" The United Nations Statistics Division defines Western Asia to contain the countries included elsewhere in the Middle East. The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) describes its entire theatre of operations as the Near East, but then assigns many of its members to other regions as well; for example, Cyprus, Malta and Turkey are in both the European and the Near Eastern regions. Its total area extends further into Central Asia than that of most agencies.", "title": "Near East" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "ISO 3166-2:CY is the entry for Cyprus in ISO 3166-2, part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), which defines codes for the names of the principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states) of all countries coded in ISO 3166-1.", "title": "ISO 3166-2:CY" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Turkish invasion, followed by occupation and the declaration of independence of the TRNC have been condemned by United Nations resolutions, which are reaffirmed by the Security Council every year. The last major effort to settle the Cyprus dispute was the Annan Plan in 2004, drafted by the then Secretary General, Kofi Annan. The plan was put to a referendum in both Northern Cyprus and the Republic of Cyprus. 65% of Turkish Cypriots voted in support of the plan and 74% Greek Cypriots voted against the plan, claiming that it disproportionately favoured the Turkish side. In total, 66.7% of the voters rejected the Annan Plan V. On 1 May 2004 Cyprus joined the European Union, together with nine other countries. Cyprus was accepted into the EU as a whole, although the EU legislation is suspended in the territory occupied by Turkey (TRNC), until a final settlement of the Cyprus problem. In July 2006, the island served as a haven for people fleeing Lebanon, due to the conflict between Israel and Hezbollah (also called \"The July War\").", "title": "Cyprus" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "National Pan-Hellenic Council Data Established 1930 Members 9 Continent North America Country United States Headquarters Decatur, Georgia Organization type Coalition of members", "title": "National Pan-Hellenic Council" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "This is a list of island countries. An island is a land mass (smaller than a continent) that is surrounded by water. Many island countries are spread over an archipelago, as is the case with the Federated States of Micronesia and the Indonesia (which consists of thousands of islands). Others consist of a single island, such as Nauru, or part of an island, such as Haiti. Although Australia is designated as a continent, it is often referred to as an island, as it has no land borders. Some declared island countries are not universally recognized as politically independent, such as Northern Cyprus. Some states, such as Taiwan, officially claim to hold continental territories but are de facto limited to control over islands.", "title": "List of island countries" } ]

[ { "answer": "The United Nations", "id": 31942, "paragraph_support_idx": 5, "question": "What organization recognizes the sovereignty of the Republic of Cyprus?", "raw_question": "What organization recognizes the sovereignty of the Republic of Cyprus?", "statement": "The United Nations recognizes the sovereignty of the Republic of Cyprus." }, { "answer": "the United States", "id": 66386, "paragraph_support_idx": 9, "question": "the country where the headquarters of The United Nations is located", "raw_question": "the country where the headquarters of #1 is located", "statement": "The United Nations is located in the United States." }, { "answer": "American nuclear weapons", "id": 160613, "paragraph_support_idx": 10, "question": "What is Kang seeking to use against the United States ?", "raw_question": "What is Kang seeking to use against #2 ?", "statement": "Kang is seeking to use American nuclear weapons." } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Every federal unit had a town or city with historic significance from the World War II period renamed to have Tito's name included. The largest of these was Titograd, now Podgorica, the capital city of Montenegro. With the exception of Titograd, the cities were renamed simply by the addition of the adjective \"Tito's\" (\"Titov\"). The cities were:", "title": "Josip Broz Tito" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Snow cover (averaging 3 -- 5 months per year) is formed at the beginning of November and melts in beginning of April, but in recent years snow cover has lasted shorter than usual. For example, in the winter of 2006 -- 2007 the snow cover did n't form until the end of January, and melted at the beginning of March; in 2007 -- 2008, the snow cover melted at the end of February, and in the 2008 -- 2009 winter, snow cover did n't form until the end of December, which is one month later than usual. Yet in 2011 - 2012 it melted in the middle of April.", "title": "Climate of Moscow" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The tradition of the winning driver and crew kissing the yard of bricks that mark the start / finish, started by Dale Jarrett at the 1996 Brickyard 400, appears to have carried over to the Indy 500, starting with Gil de Ferran in 2003.", "title": "Indianapolis 500 traditions" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Annual precipitation is 40 inches (1,020 mm) which is fairly spread throughout the year. Owing to its proximity to the Atlantic Ocean and its location in South Jersey, Atlantic City receives less snow than a good portion of the rest of New Jersey. Even at the airport, where low temperatures are often much lower than along the coast, snow averages only 16.5 inches (41.9 cm) each winter. It is very common for rain to fall in Atlantic City while the northern and western parts of the state are receiving snow.", "title": "Atlantic City, New Jersey" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "After India gained its independence in 1947, the city became the capital of Madras State, which was renamed as Tamil Nadu in 1969. The violent agitations of 1965 against the compulsory imposition of Hindi and in support of English in India in the state marked a major shift in the political dynamics of the city and eventually it had a big impact on the whole state. Because of Madras and its people, English now exists in India, otherwise Hindi might have been made the sole official language in India. On 17 July 1996, the city known as Madras was officially renamed Chennai, in line with what was then a nationwide trend to using less Anglicised names. On 26 December 2004, an Indian Ocean tsunami lashed the shores of Chennai, killing 206 people in Chennai and permanently altering the coastline. The 2015 Chennai Floods submerged major portions of the city, killing 269 people and resulting in damages of ₹86.4 billion (US $1 billion).", "title": "Chennai" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "December 23 / 24, 1989: Light rain in Jacksonville turns to freezing rain as temperatures drop, and later changes to snow. The snow totals several inches in some locations, and results in the first White Christmas in the city's history. Picture of the December 23, 1989, Jacksonville snowfall Light snow falls across central Florida as far south as southern Pinellas County on the 23rd, though the official weather station in St. Petersburg experiences only a light sleet.", "title": "Snow in Florida" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "In July 1996, the city was renamed in commemoration of Sergei Korolev, the father of the Soviet/Russian space program, who died in 1966. Since 1997, Korolyov has hosted the International Space Olympics, an annual competition for young people, to promote space related research.", "title": "Korolyov, Moscow Oblast" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Between 1996 and 2004, the population of the city increased by 4.9 per cent—the tenth biggest increase in England. In 2005 the Government Statistics stated that Southampton was the third most densely populated city in the country after London and Portsmouth respectively. Hampshire County Council expects the city's population to grow by around a further two per cent between 2006 and 2013, adding around another 4,200 to the total number of residents. The highest increases are expected among the elderly.", "title": "Southampton" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Philadelphia's central city was created in the 17th century following the plan by William Penn's surveyor Thomas Holme. Center City is structured with long straight streets running east-west and north-south forming a grid pattern. The original city plan was designed to allow for easy travel and to keep residences separated by open space that would help prevent the spread of fire. The Delaware River and Schuylkill Rivers served as early boundaries between which the city's early street plan was kept within. In addition, Penn planned the creation of five public parks in the city which were renamed in 1824 (in parenthesis): Centre Square, North East Publick Square (Franklin Square), Northwest Square (Logan Square), Southwest Square (Rittenhouse Square), and Southeast Square (Washington Square). Center City has grown into the second-most populated downtown area in the United States, after Midtown Manhattan in New York City, with an estimated 183,240 residents in 2015.", "title": "Philadelphia" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Trump was born and raised in the New York City borough of Queens and received an economics degree from the Wharton School. He took charge of his family's real estate business in 1971, renamed it The Trump Organization, and expanded it from Queens and Brooklyn into Manhattan. The company built or renovated skyscrapers, hotels, casinos, and golf courses. Trump later started various side ventures, mostly by licensing his name. He managed the company until his 2017 inauguration. He co-authored several books, including The Art of the Deal. He owned the Miss Universe and Miss USA beauty pageants from 1996 to 2015, and he produced and hosted The Apprentice, a reality television show, from 2003 to 2015. Forbes estimates his net worth to be $3.1 billion.", "title": "Donald Trump" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ashes and Snow by Canadian artist Gregory Colbert is an installation of photographic artworks, films, and a novel in letters that travels in the Nomadic Museum, a temporary structure built exclusively to house the exhibition. The work explores the shared poetic sensibilities of human beings and animals. \"Ashes and Snow\" has traveled to Venice, New York City, Santa Monica, Tokyo, and Mexico City. To date, \"Ashes and Snow\" has attracted more than 10 million visitors, making it the most attended exhibition by a living artist in history.", "title": "Ashes and Snow" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In April 2005, the Oklahoma City Skate Park at Wiley Post Park was renamed the Mat Hoffman Action Sports Park to recognize Mat Hoffman, an Oklahoma City area resident and businessman that was instrumental in the design of the skate park and is a 10-time BMX World Vert champion. In March 2009, the Mat Hoffman Action Sports Park was named by the National Geographic Society Travel Guide as one of the \"Ten Best.\"", "title": "Oklahoma City" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Boston's coastal location on the North Atlantic moderates its temperature, but makes the city very prone to Nor'easter weather systems that can produce much snow and rain. The city averages 43.8 inches (1,110 mm) of precipitation a year, with 43.8 inches (111 cm) of snowfall per season. Snowfall increases dramatically as one goes inland away from the city (especially north and west of the city)—away from the moderating influence of the ocean. Most snowfall occurs from December through March, as most years see no measurable snow in April and November, and snow is rare in May and October. There is also high year-to-year variability in snowfall; for instance, the winter of 2011–12 saw only 9.3 in (23.6 cm) of accumulating snow, but the previous winter, the corresponding figure was 81.0 in (2.06 m).[d]", "title": "Boston" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The franchise known as the Windy City ThunderBolts started as the Will County Claws in 1995 and called their home at Lewis University’s Brennan Field in Romeoville. The Claws played in the struggling North Central League which started in 1994 with six teams, but only fielded four in 1995. The North Central League folded 18 games into its second season with the Claws finishing at 8–10. In 1996, the Will County Cheetahs joined the new four-team Heartland League.", "title": "Windy City ThunderBolts" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The light middleweight class in the boxing at the 1996 Summer Olympics competition was the fourth-heaviest class at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, Georgia. Light Middleweights were limited to those boxers weighing more than 71 kilograms. The competition in the Alexander Memorial Coliseum started on 1996-07-20 and ended on 1996-08-04.", "title": "Boxing at the 1996 Summer Olympics – Light middleweight" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Piasecki Helicopter Corporation was a designer and manufacturer of helicopters located in Philadelphia and nearby Morton, Pennsylvania, in the late 1940s and the 1950s. Its founder, Frank Piasecki, was ousted from the company in 1956 and started a new company, Piasecki Aircraft. Piasecki Helicopter was renamed \"Vertol Corporation\" in early 1956. Vertol was acquired by Boeing in 1960 and renamed Boeing Vertol.", "title": "Piasecki Helicopter" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Based on a true story, the graphic novel tells the story of Laika from multiple points of view: from that of the ambitious Sergey Korolyov, Chief Engineer responsible for the launching and construction of Sputnik 2; to that of Yelena Dubrovsky, official trainer of the space-bound dogs; to that of Oleg Gazenko, scientist; and finally from the viewpoint of Laika herself, who had lived as a stray on the streets of Moscow.", "title": "Laika (comics)" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Grace of My Heart is a 1996 film written and directed by Allison Anders and starring Illeana Douglas, set in the pop music world, starting in New York City's Brill Building early 1960s era, weaving through the California Sound of the mid '60s and culminating with the adult-contemporary scene of the early 1970s.", "title": "Grace of My Heart" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Christian-Wirth-Schule (Christian Wirth School) is a secondary school located in Usingen, Germany. Originally established as \"Lehrerbildungsanstalt für evangelische Seminaristen\" in 1851, it was later renamed in 1922 to \"Christian-Wirth-Schule\", named after the accomplished attorney at law, , who resided in the area.", "title": "Christian-Wirth-Schule" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "On July 26, 2007, the Austin City Council passed a controversial resolution authorizing the renaming of the reservoir from Town Lake to Lady Bird Lake in honor of Lady Bird Johnson, who had died earlier that month. Johnson had declined the honor of having the lake renamed for her while she was alive. In renaming the lake, the City Council recognized Johnson's dedication to beautifying the lake and her efforts to create a recreational trail system around the lake's shoreline.", "title": "Lady Bird Lake" } ]

[ { "answer": "Sergei Korolev", "id": 161382, "paragraph_support_idx": 6, "question": "Who was the city renamed after in 1996?", "raw_question": "Who was the city renamed after in 1996?", "statement": "The city renamed after Sergei Korolev in 1996." }, { "answer": "Moscow", "id": 452185, "paragraph_support_idx": 16, "question": "Sergei Korolev >> residence", "raw_question": "#1 >> residence", "statement": "Sergei Korolev lived in Moscow." }, { "answer": "the beginning of November", "id": 90300, "paragraph_support_idx": 1, "question": "when does it start to snow in Moscow", "raw_question": "when does it start to snow in #2", "statement": "It starts to snow in Moscow at the beginning of November." } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Banderas River () is a river located in the southern part of the Ahuachapán Department of El Salvador. Precipitations along the river are suitable for municipal water, irrigation, and water wells.", "title": "Banderas River" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "This ocean has most of the islands in the world. There are about 25,000 islands in the Pacific Ocean. The islands entirely within the Pacific Ocean can be divided into three main groups known as Micronesia, Melanesia and Polynesia. Micronesia, which lies north of the equator and west of the International Date Line, includes the Mariana Islands in the northwest, the Caroline Islands in the center, the Marshall Islands to the west and the islands of Kiribati in the southeast.", "title": "Pacific Ocean" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "It is located entirely within the county of Cumbria, and all the land in England higher than 3,000 feet (910 m) above sea level lies within the National Park, including Scafell Pike, the highest mountain in England. It also contains the deepest and longest bodies of water in England, respectively Wast Water and Windermere.", "title": "Lake District" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Trehörningen (Swedish: \"The Triangle\") is a small lake located in the municipality Huddinge in southern Stockholm, Sweden. As part of the Tyresån Lake System, Trehörningen receives water from Lake Gömmaren and supplies water to Lake Ågesta.", "title": "Trehörningen (Sjödalen)" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Susqueda Reservoir () is a reservoir located on the Ter river, near Osor, Catalonia, Spain. The dam is located in Osor while the main water body is within the boundaries of Susqueda and Sant Hilari Sacalm. The construction of the dam was completed in 1968, creating a reservoir with a storage capacity of 233 hm³ that covered the old villages of Susqueda and Querós. The dam has a structural height of 135 m and a crest length of 360 m.", "title": "Susqueda Reservoir" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Butterfly Pond, also known as Aldrich Brook, is a body of water in the town of Lincoln, in Providence County, Rhode Island.", "title": "Butterfly Pond" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Motuloa or Motulua is a very small island on the north of Nukufetau in Tuvalu. It is an oval with a length of 200 m, and lies between Teafuanonu (on the west) and Teafuaniua (on the east).", "title": "Motuloa (north of Nukufetau)" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Lake Norman, created between 1959 and 1964 as part of the construction of the Cowans Ford Dam by Duke Energy, is the largest man-made body of fresh water in North Carolina.", "title": "Lake Norman" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Saw Kill may refer to three different bodies of water in New York. Two are tributaries and make up watersheds on the eastern bank of the Hudson River. The northernmost of these is in the Town of Stuyvesant, New York in Columbia County and the southernmost of these is in the Town of Red Hook, New York in Dutchess County. The northern Saw Kill is more commonly known as Mill Creek today. The third tributary drains into Esopus Creek on the Hudson’s west bank. This article refers to the southern body of water on the east bank as Saw Kill (east) and the body of water on the west bank as Saw Kill (west).", "title": "Saw Kill" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "San Juan is located along the north - eastern coast of Puerto Rico. It lies south of the Atlantic Ocean; north of Caguas and Trujillo Alto; east of and Guaynabo; and west of Carolina. The city occupies an area of 76.93 square miles (199.2 km), of which, 29.11 square miles (75.4 km) (37.83%) is water. San Juan's main water bodies are San Juan Bay and two natural lagoons, the Condado and San José.", "title": "San Juan, Puerto Rico" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In February 2018, the Groenland Water Users' Association (a representative body for farmers in the Elgin and Grabouw agricultural areas around Cape Town) began releasing an additional 10 billion litres of water into the Steenbras Dam.", "title": "Cape Town water crisis" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Central Water Commission chairman, S. Masood Hussain will head the CWMA and chief engineer of the Central Water Commission, Navin Kumar will be the first chairman of the CWRC. While the CWMA is an umbrella body, the CWRC will monitor water management on a day - to - day basis, including the water level and inflow and outflow of reservoirs in all the basin states.", "title": "Kaveri River water dispute" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Water covers 71% of the Earth's surface. It is vital for all known forms of life. On Earth, 96.5% of the planet's crust water is found in seas and oceans, 1.7% in groundwater, 1.7% in glaciers and the ice caps of Antarctica and Greenland, a small fraction in other large water bodies, 0.001% in the air as vapor, clouds (formed of ice and liquid water suspended in air), and precipitation. Only 2.5% of this water is freshwater, and 98.8% of that water is in ice (excepting ice in clouds) and groundwater. Less than 0.3% of all freshwater is in rivers, lakes, and the atmosphere, and an even smaller amount of the Earth's freshwater (0.003%) is contained within biological bodies and manufactured products. A greater quantity of water is found in the earth's interior.", "title": "Water" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Intracellular fluid (2 / 3 of body water) is fluid contained within cells. In a 72 - kg body containing 40 litres of fluid, about 25 litres is intracellular, which amounts to 62.5%. Jackson's texts states 70% of body fluid is intracellular.", "title": "Body water" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Tokinivae is an islet of Nui atoll, in the Pacific Ocean state of Tuvalu.< Nui tradition is that Kolaka, a warrior from Nukufetau came on several raiding expeditions to Tokinivae, until he was killed and buried at Tararorae.", "title": "Tokinivae" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Silkwood Park is located in the Northwood community in the city of Irvine in Orange County, California, USA. The park sits next to Westwood Basics Plus Elementary School and Sierra Vista Middle School.", "title": "Silkwood Park" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Clear Water Bay Country Park is a rural country park located in the New Territories of eastern Hong Kong. The park is located near the beaches in Clear Water Bay. The 6.15 square kilometre park opened on 28 September 1979 with features like:", "title": "Clear Water Bay Country Park" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The ossicles (also called auditory ossicles) are three bones in either middle ear that are among the smallest bones in the human body. They serve to transmit sounds from the air to the fluid - filled labyrinth (cochlea). The absence of the auditory ossicles would constitute a moderate - to - severe hearing loss. The term ``ossicle ''literally means`` tiny bone''. Though the term may refer to any small bone throughout the body, it typically refers to the malleus, incus, and stapes (hammer, anvil, and stirrup) of the middle ear. The middle ear is one of the smallest bones in the human body.", "title": "Ossicles" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Harrisville Pond is a water body located in Cheshire County in southwestern New Hampshire, United States, in the town of Harrisville. It is one of many lakes and ponds along Nubanusit Brook, a tributary of the Contoocook River. Water from Nubanusit Lake flows via the Great Meadows into the pond on the north side and out of the pond at two dams on the south side. One dam allows the level of the pond to be raised or lowered and also adjusts the flow through the mills that span that part of the outlet, while the other dam is made of large stones and sandbags. The village of Harrisville is located at the outlet of the pond.", "title": "Harrisville Pond" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "It is located in the province of Western Finland and is part of the Ostrobothnia region. The municipality has a population of () and covers an area of of which is water. The population density is .", "title": "Malax" } ]

[ { "answer": "Nukufetau", "id": 749370, "paragraph_support_idx": 6, "question": "Motuloa >> part of", "raw_question": "Motuloa >> part of", "statement": "Motuloa is part of Nukufetau." }, { "answer": "Pacific Ocean", "id": 715233, "paragraph_support_idx": 14, "question": "Nukufetau >> located in or next to body of water", "raw_question": "#1 >> located in or next to body of water", "statement": "Nukufetau is located in the Pacific Ocean." }, { "answer": "Caroline Islands", "id": 43805, "paragraph_support_idx": 1, "question": "country in the middle of Pacific Ocean", "raw_question": "country in the middle of #2", "statement": "The Caroline Islands are in the middle of the Pacific Ocean." } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "This song was featured in the 1938 film Going Places starring Dick Powell, Anita Louise and Ronald Reagan. Louis Armstrong appears in the part of Gabriel, the trainer of a race horse named Jeepers Creepers. Jeepers Creepers is a very wild horse and can only be soothed enough to let someone ride him when Gabriel plays the song ``Jeepers Creepers ''on his trumpet or sings it to him. Gabriel wrote the song specifically for the horse. (The phrase`` jeepers creepers'', a slang expression and minced oath euphemism for Jesus Christ, predates both the song and film.)", "title": "Jeepers Creepers (song)" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "``A Horse with No Name ''is a song written by Dewey Bunnell, and originally recorded by the soft rock band America. It was the band's first and most successful single, released in late - 1971 in Europe and early - 1972 in the US, and topped the charts in several countries. It was certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America.", "title": "A Horse with No Name" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Fayetteville Public Library (also Blair Library and FPL) is a library in Fayetteville, Arkansas. The Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) silver-certified library was named \"Library of the Year\" in 2005 by \"Library Journal\" and an \"American Landmark Library\" by \"TravelSmart\".", "title": "Fayetteville Public Library" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Pima County Public Library (PCPL) system serves Pima County, Arizona with a main library and 26 branch libraries as well as bookmobile service. The system has its headquarters in Tucson. The service area includes the city of Tucson and the surrounding communities of Arivaca, Green Valley, Sahuarita, South Tucson, Ajo, Vail, Marana, Casas Adobes, and Catalina. The town of Oro Valley's library joined the Pima County Public Library system in July 2012.", "title": "Pima County Public Library" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Grace Keiser Maring Library is located on the south side of Muncie, Indiana, USA. Built at 1808 South Madision Street, the library is next to Heekin Park, the largest and oldest community park in Muncie. The library was the first branch library built in the city.", "title": "Grace Keiser Maring Library" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Marjorie Cotton Isherwood, best known by the name Marjorie Cotton (1913–2003), was the first professionally qualified children's librarian in New South Wales, Australia. She initiated programs that are the basis of services to children in Australian public libraries today.", "title": "Marjorie Cotton" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "According to Edmund Farwell Slafter, the first public library was founded in Boston by the Rev. John Checkley at the Old State House sometime between 1711 when Boston's Old State House was built, and 1725. In a letter to the Rev. Dr. Thomas Bennet, dated June 15, 1725, Checkley wrote:", "title": "Public libraries in North America" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Khushal Khan Khattak Memorial Library is a public library in Akora Khattak, Pakistan. The library has been constructed in the memory of the famous poet Khushal Khan Khattak, who was born in Akora Khattak. The library was established in 1994. It is considered to be out of reach for people because of its location in a small city.", "title": "Khushal Khan Khattak Memorial Library" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Pendleton Center for the Arts is an arts center located in the historic former Umatilla County Library building, also known as Pendleton Public Library in Pendleton, Oregon, United States.", "title": "Pendleton Center for the Arts" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Webber Park Library is a public library in Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States. Its primary service area is the Camden, Minneapolis community. The library was one of thirteen branch libraries established under the leadership of Gratia Countryman, the chief librarian of the Minneapolis Public Library from 1904 to 1936. After starting as a delivery station in a drugstore and being housed in two buildings within Webber Park, it was in temporary quarters in a shopping center from 2014-2017. The current building opened in May 2017 on the site of the previous buildings.", "title": "Webber Park Library" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Black River Falls Public Library is located in Black River Falls, Wisconsin. It became the first free public library in Wisconsin in 1872. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2007.", "title": "Black River Falls Public Library" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Innisfil Public Library is public library system in Ontario, Canada. The library is a four-branch system. Each branch provides unique services to the community. The branches are located in Stroud, Churchill, Cookstown, and Alcona.", "title": "Innisfil Public Library" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Education and Employment Directorate also offers programmes for students with special needs, vocational training, adult education, evening classes, and distance learning. The island has a public library (the oldest in the Southern Hemisphere) and a mobile library service which operates weekly rural areas.", "title": "Saint Helena" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Waterford City Library, also known as the Central Library, is a public library in Waterford, Ireland. It was the first to be built of Ireland's many Carnegie libraries. The philanthropist Andrew Carnegie, who had previously opened libraries in Scotland and the USA, himself laid the foundation stone in 1903.", "title": "Waterford City Library" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The J. Erik Jonsson Central Library is the Main Library Branch of the Dallas Public Library system. It is located at 1515 Young Street in the Government District of downtown Dallas, Texas, directly across from Dallas City Hall.", "title": "J. Erik Jonsson Central Library" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "I Will Walk Like a Crazy Horse (French: \"J'irai comme un cheval fou\", also known as \"I Will Go Like a Wild Horse\") is a 1973 French surreal drama film directed by Fernando Arrabal. The movie first released on November 22, 1973 in France and stars George Shannon as an epileptic boy who, falsely suspected of murdering his mother, flees to the desert where he meets a hermit and brings him back to the city where the hermit becomes a circus performer.", "title": "I Will Walk Like a Crazy Horse" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "John Taylor Collegiate is a public high school in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. It is part of the St. James-Assiniboia School Division and is located at 470 Hamilton Avenue, in the Crestview area of Winnipeg. The school was founded in 1964 and is named after a colonial settler of the area of the same name.", "title": "John Taylor Collegiate" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Boston has an area of 89.6 square miles (232.1 km2)—48.4 square miles (125.4 km2) (54.0%) of land and 41.2 square miles (106.7 km2) (46.0%) of water. The city's official elevation, as measured at Logan International Airport, is 19 ft (5.8 m) above sea level. The highest point in Boston is Bellevue Hill at 330 feet (100 m) above sea level, and the lowest point is at sea level. Situated onshore of the Atlantic Ocean, Boston is the only state capital in the contiguous United States with an oceanic coastline.", "title": "Boston" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Pryor Mountains Wild Horse Range is a refuge for a historically significant herd of free-roaming mustangs, feral horses colloquially called \"wild horses\", located in the Pryor Mountains of Montana and Wyoming in the United States. The range has an area of and was established in 1968 along the Montana–Wyoming border as the first protected refuge dedicated exclusively for mustangs. It was the second feral horse refuge in the United States. About a quarter of the refuge lies within the Bighorn Canyon National Recreation Area. A group of federal agencies, led by the Bureau of Land Management, administers the range.", "title": "Pryor Mountains Wild Horse Range" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "A Carnegie library is a library built with money donated by Scottish-American businessman and philanthropist Andrew Carnegie. A total of 2,509 Carnegie libraries were built between 1883 and 1929, including some belonging to public and university library systems. 1,689 were built in the United States, 660 in the United Kingdom and Ireland, 125 in Canada, and others in Australia, South Africa, New Zealand, Serbia, Belgium, France, the Caribbean, Mauritius, Malaysia, and Fiji.", "title": "Carnegie library" } ]

[ { "answer": "America", "id": 77405, "paragraph_support_idx": 1, "question": "who sings in the desert on a horse with no name", "raw_question": "who sings in the desert on a horse with no name", "statement": "America sings in the desert on a horse with no name." }, { "answer": "Boston", "id": 61656, "paragraph_support_idx": 6, "question": "where was the first public library in America located", "raw_question": "where was the first public library in #1 located", "statement": "The first public library in America was located in Boston." }, { "answer": "89.6 square miles", "id": 6832, "paragraph_support_idx": 17, "question": "What is the total area of Boston ?", "raw_question": "What is the total area of #2 ?", "statement": "Boston has a total area of 89.6 square miles." } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Blanche of Brittany (1271–1327) was a daughter of John II, Duke of Brittany, and his wife Beatrice of England. She is also known as Blanche de Dreux. Through her mother she was the granddaughter of King Henry III of England and Eleanor of Provence.", "title": "Blanche of Brittany" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Queen Elizabeth Way was named for the wife of King George VI who would later become known as Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother. It is sometimes referred to as the Queen E.", "title": "Queen Elizabeth Way" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jaclyn Pangilinan (born May 29, 1986) is a Filipino-American former swimmer, who specialized in breaststroke events. She is a two-time Filipino record holder, a four-time Ivy League champion (2005, 2006, and 2008) in the 100 and 200 m breaststroke, and a multiple-time medalist at the Southeast Asian Games (2005 and 2007). Born to a Filipino father, and an American mother, Pangilinan holds a dual citizenship to compete collegiately and internationally in swimming.", "title": "Jaclyn Pangilinan" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Born in Westminster, Dan Snow is the youngest son of Peter Snow, BBC television journalist, and Canadian Ann MacMillan, managing editor emeritus of CBC's London Bureau; thus he holds dual British-Canadian citizenship. Through his mother, he is the nephew of Canadian historian Margaret MacMillan and also a great-great-grandson of British Prime Minister David Lloyd George.", "title": "Dan Snow" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Telman Mardanovich Ismailov (, ; born 26 October 1956) is an Azerbaijani-born businessman and entrepreneur of Mountain Jew origin. Since Azerbaijan does not allow dual citizenship, he holds Russian-Turkish citizenship. He is the chairman of the Russian AST Group of companies, which is active in many countries. Until 2009, Ismailov owned the Europe's then-largest marketplace, Cherkizovsky Market, located in Moscow, Russia.", "title": "Telman Ismailov" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Castrén is a football stadium in the Välivainio neighbourhood of Oulu, Finland. The stadium holds 4 000 spectators. It is the home ground of sports clubs Oulun Luistinseura, JS Hercules and Oulun Palloseura.", "title": "Castrén (stadium)" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Nemanja Stjepanović (born 7 February 1984) is a Bosnian football player who plays for FK Tuzla City in the Premier League of Bosnia and Herzegovina. He holds both the Bosnian and Croatian citizenship.", "title": "Nemanja Stjepanović" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Estadio El Sadar (; known as \"Reyno de Navarra\" from 2005 to 2011, ) is a football stadium in Pamplona, Navarre, Spain. The stadium holds 18,761 people. It was built in 1967 and is the home of CA Osasuna. It is currently used mostly for football matches.", "title": "El Sadar Stadium" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Philippa of Champagne, Lady of Ramerupt and Venizy (c. 1197 – 20 December 1250) was the third daughter of Queen Isabella I of Jerusalem and Henry II, Count of Champagne. She was the wife of Erard de Brienne-Ramerupt who encouraged her in 1216 to claim the county of Champagne which belonged to her cousin Theobald IV, who was still a minor. This provoked the conflict with Theobald's mother, the Regent, Blanche of Navarre, which erupted into open warfare, and came to be known as the Champagne War of Succession. Blanche's son Theobald, who had the support of King Philip II of France, Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor, and Eudes III of Burgundy, eventually emerged the victor. Philippa renounced her claim in April 1222, but Theobald was constrained to pay Erard and Philippa a large monetary settlement for his rights to the county.", "title": "Philippa of Champagne" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "His studio became the Musée Bourdelle, an art museum dedicated to his work, located at 18, rue Antoine Bourdelle, in the 15th arrondissement of Paris, France.", "title": "Antoine Bourdelle" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Rohingya people have consistently faced human rights abuses by the Burmese regime that has refused to acknowledge them as Burmese citizens (despite some of them having lived in Burma for over three generations)—the Rohingya have been denied Burmese citizenship since the enactment of a 1982 citizenship law. The law created three categories of citizenship: citizenship, associate citizenship, and naturalised citizenship. Citizenship is given to those who belong to one of the national races such as Kachin, Kayah (Karenni), Karen, Chin, Burman, Mon, Rakhine, Shan, Kaman, or Zerbadee. Associate citizenship is given to those who cannot prove their ancestors settled in Myanmar before 1823, but can prove they have one grandparent, or pre-1823 ancestor, who was a citizen of another country, as well as people who applied for citizenship in 1948 and qualified then by those laws. Naturalized citizenship is only given to those who have at least one parent with one of these types of Burmese citizenship or can provide \"conclusive evidence\" that their parents entered and resided in Burma prior to independence in 1948. The Burmese regime has attempted to forcibly expel Rohingya and bring in non-Rohingyas to replace them—this policy has resulted in the expulsion of approximately half of the 800,000 Rohingya from Burma, while the Rohingya people have been described as \"among the world's least wanted\" and \"one of the world's most persecuted minorities.\" But the origin of ‘most persecuted minority’ statement is unclear.", "title": "Myanmar" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Errol Osbourne Nolan II (born August 18, 1991) is an American born sprinter of Jamaican descent who holds dual citizenship with both countries. He now competes for Jamaica as of 2012. He specialises in the 200 and 400 metres.", "title": "Errol Nolan" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "She was the second child and daughter of Queen Joan II of Navarre and King Philip III of Navarre. She belonged to the House of Évreux, a cadet branch of the House of Capet, and married into the House of Valois, another cadet branch of the House of Capet.", "title": "Blanche of Navarre, Queen of France" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Blanche of Anjou (1280 – 14 October 1310) was Queen of Aragon as the second spouse of King James II. She was a member of the Capetian House of Anjou, she is also known as \"Blanche of Naples\". She served as Regent or \"Queen-Lieutenant\" of Aragon during the absence of her spouse in 1310.", "title": "Blanche of Anjou" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Anne Hathaway as Mirana of Marmoreal, the White Queen. She was one of few characters that did not require digital manipulation. Hathaway summed up her character with a caption on a magnet of Happy Bunny holding a knife; ``Cute but psycho. Things even out. ''According to Hathaway,`` She comes from the same gene pool as the Red Queen. She really likes the dark side, but she's so scared of going too far into it that she's made everything appear very light and happy. But she's living in that place out of fear that she wo n't be able to control herself.'' Hathaway described her interpretation of the White Queen as ``a punk - rock vegan pacifist '', with inspiration drawn from Debbie Harry, Greta Garbo, and the artwork of Dan Flavin. Burton said that the White Queen's appearance was inspired by Nigella Lawson.", "title": "Alice in Wonderland (2010 film)" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Henry III of Navarre became King Henry IV of France in 1589. In 1607, he united to the French crown his personal fiefs that were under French sovereignty (i.e. County of Foix, Bigorre, Quatre-Vallées, and Nébouzan, but not Béarn and Lower Navarre, which were sovereign countries outside of the kingdom of France), and so the county of Foix became part of the royal domain.", "title": "County of Foix" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Hercules the Archer is a sculpture by Antoine Bourdelle, originally made in 1909, which now exists in many versions. It was a commission of the financier and philanthropist Gabriel Thomas, as a single copy in gilt-bronze in April 1909; Bourdelle worked on the sculpture in the summer of 1909. It was cast by Eugène Rudier, and it was exhibited at the National Society of Fine Arts in 1910, and much appreciated. The dimensions were 2.50 m × 2.40 m.", "title": "Hercules the Archer" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Vladas Šigauskas (born 7 August 1967) is a professional archer who internationally represents Lithuania. He was announced as the best Lithuanian archer of 2010 in recurve events.", "title": "Vladas Šigauskas" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Clementia of Hungary (; 1293–13 October 1328) was queen of France and Navarre as the second wife of King Louis X.", "title": "Clementia of Hungary" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "A common hypothesis holds that the sign derives from the symbolic representation of the Pillars of Hercules -- this representation can either have a banner separately around each pillar, or as in the Spanish coat of arms, a banner curling between them.", "title": "Dollar sign" } ]

[ { "answer": "Antoine Bourdelle", "id": 108030, "paragraph_support_idx": 16, "question": "The artwork Hercules the Archer was by who?", "raw_question": "The artwork Hercules the Archer was by who?", "statement": "Antoine Bourdelle created the artwork Hercules the Archer." }, { "answer": "France", "id": 104782, "paragraph_support_idx": 9, "question": "Which country's citizenship does Antoine Bourdelle hold?", "raw_question": "Which country's citizenship does #1 hold?", "statement": "Antoine Bourdelle holds French citizenship." }, { "answer": "Joan II of Navarre", "id": 696050, "paragraph_support_idx": 12, "question": "Blanche of Navarre, Queen of France >> mother", "raw_question": "Blanche of Navarre, Queen of #2 >> mother", "statement": "Joan II of Navarre was the mother of Blanche of Navarre, Queen of France." } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Punching Bag is the fifth studio album by American country music artist Josh Turner. It was released on June 12, 2012 via MCA Nashville. Turner co-wrote eight of the album's eleven tracks. The album includes the singles \"Time Is Love\" and \"Find Me a Baby.\"", "title": "Punching Bag (album)" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Rohingya people have consistently faced human rights abuses by the Burmese regime that has refused to acknowledge them as Burmese citizens (despite some of them having lived in Burma for over three generations)—the Rohingya have been denied Burmese citizenship since the enactment of a 1982 citizenship law. The law created three categories of citizenship: citizenship, associate citizenship, and naturalised citizenship. Citizenship is given to those who belong to one of the national races such as Kachin, Kayah (Karenni), Karen, Chin, Burman, Mon, Rakhine, Shan, Kaman, or Zerbadee. Associate citizenship is given to those who cannot prove their ancestors settled in Myanmar before 1823, but can prove they have one grandparent, or pre-1823 ancestor, who was a citizen of another country, as well as people who applied for citizenship in 1948 and qualified then by those laws. Naturalized citizenship is only given to those who have at least one parent with one of these types of Burmese citizenship or can provide \"conclusive evidence\" that their parents entered and resided in Burma prior to independence in 1948. The Burmese regime has attempted to forcibly expel Rohingya and bring in non-Rohingyas to replace them—this policy has resulted in the expulsion of approximately half of the 800,000 Rohingya from Burma, while the Rohingya people have been described as \"among the world's least wanted\" and \"one of the world's most persecuted minorities.\" But the origin of ‘most persecuted minority’ statement is unclear.", "title": "Myanmar" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Monster High is an American fashion doll franchise created by Mattel and launched in July 2010. The characters are inspired by monster movies, sci - fi horror, thriller fiction, and various other creatures. Monster High was created by Garrett Sander, with illustrations by Kellee Riley and illustrator Glen Hanson.", "title": "Monster High" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Monster Squad is a 1987 American horror comedy film directed by Fred Dekker (who also wrote and directed \"Night of the Creeps\") and written by Shane Black and Dekker. Peter Hyams was one of the executive producers. It was released by TriStar Pictures on August 14, 1987. The film features the Universal Monsters (re-imagined by a team of special effects artists, including Stan Winston), led by Count Dracula. They, in turn, combat a group of savvy kids out to keep them from controlling the world.", "title": "The Monster Squad" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Two Ways to Fall is the second studio album released by American country music artist Ty England. His second and final album for the RCA Records label, it produced the singles \"Irresistible You\" and \"All of the Above\", which peaked at #22 and #46, respectively, on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks (now Hot Country Songs) charts. \"I'll Take Today\" was originally recorded by Tanya Tucker on her 1994 album \"Fire to Fire\", and would later be released as a single by Gary Allan from his 1998 album \"It Would Be You\".", "title": "Two Ways to Fall" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Still feeling guilty over Fern's death, Princess Bubblegum tasks Finn to protect the banana guard from a monster later dubbed the Grumbo. Finn ca n't bring himself to slay the monster as he keeps seeing Fern's face materialize when he's close to defeating it. Later, Finn meets up with Huntress Wizard who is also trying to slay the Grumbo and she tries to give encouraging words to Finn. They find the Grumbo's cave and Finn once again stalls. Huntress Wizard puts herself in harm's way and Finn imagines Fern in her place and finally slays the Grumbo. They realize that the Grumbo was artificially created and the mysterious man, revealed to be Uncle Gumbald, plots to create another monster.", "title": "Adventure Time (season 9)" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Scary Monsters (and Super Creeps), also known simply as Scary Monsters, is the 14th studio album by David Bowie, released on 12 September 1980 by RCA Records. It was Bowie's final studio album on the label and his first following the Berlin Trilogy of \"Low\", \"\"Heroes\"\" and \"Lodger\" (1977–1979). Though considered very significant in artistic terms, the trilogy had proven less successful commercially. With \"Scary Monsters\", Bowie achieved what biographer David Buckley called \"the perfect balance\" of creativity and mainstream success; as well as earning critical acclaim, the album peaked at No. 1 and went Platinum in the UK, successfully restoring Bowie's commercial standing in the US.", "title": "Scary Monsters (and Super Creeps)" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "My Bed is a work by the English artist Tracey Emin. First created in 1998, it was exhibited at the Tate Gallery in 1999 as one of the shortlisted works for the Turner Prize. It consisted of her bed with bedroom objects in an abject state, and gained much media attention. Although it did not win the prize, its notoriety has persisted.", "title": "My Bed" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bob Justin (born 1941) is an American outsider artist from New Jersey. After being forced into retirement in 1991 by illness, he began to liquidate an old tool collection and other property at local flea markets. During this time he returned to a childhood penchant for finding imagery in everyday objects. By combining various antique found objects, or what he calls the refuse of society, he would create what he calls “critters”, animal or human faces or forms set forth in found object wall masks or standing sculptures.", "title": "Bob Justin" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Stalk of the Celery Monster attracted the attention of Walt Disney Productions' animation division, which offered Burton an animator's apprenticeship at the studio. He worked as an animator, storyboard artist and concept artist on films such as The Fox and the Hound (1981), The Black Cauldron (1985) and Tron (1982). His concept art never made it into the finished films.", "title": "Tim Burton" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "William Hurt as Thaddeus ``Thunderbolt ''Ross: Betty's arrogant father, who has dedicated himself to capturing the Hulk. Leterrier cast Hurt because`` Ross is more physical, more explosive in this movie, and no actor goes from zero to 100 as well as William.'' He compared Ross to Captain Ahab. The Hulk is Hurt's favorite superhero, and his son is also a big fan of the character. Hurt found production very different from the typical ``pure anxiety ''of a studio film, finding it more akin to an independent film. He described Ross as`` humiliated by Hulk's conscience: he actually sees and recognizes that it's more developed than his own, even though he's a patriot and a warrior for his country. He's sacrificed (much) for that purpose, but at the expense at times of his humanity -- which he occasionally recovers.'' In June 2015, when reflecting on how his reprisal in Captain America: Civil War was different from this film, Hurt said, ``What I created (for The Incredible Hulk) was a Ross who was right out of the graphic novel type of thing, where he was as much of a cartoon, in a way, as the monsters were. His ego was just as big and his problems were just as big. I really did do that consciously. I created a General Ross before which created a verisimilitude for the monsters, by making him a human monster. I worked really hard on the makeup and the exaggerated behavior and things like that and a controlled psychosis. ''Sam Elliott had expressed interest in reprising the role from the first Hulk film.", "title": "The Incredible Hulk (film)" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Telman Mardanovich Ismailov (, ; born 26 October 1956) is an Azerbaijani-born businessman and entrepreneur of Mountain Jew origin. Since Azerbaijan does not allow dual citizenship, he holds Russian-Turkish citizenship. He is the chairman of the Russian AST Group of companies, which is active in many countries. Until 2009, Ismailov owned the Europe's then-largest marketplace, Cherkizovsky Market, located in Moscow, Russia.", "title": "Telman Ismailov" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Así is the fifth studio album by Mexican singer Benny Ibarra, in which he worked with different musicians such as Erik Rubin. It was certified Gold in the first week. The singles were \"Cada Paso\" and \"Dejalo Ir\". A limited edition contained a DVD with the videoclip of \"Cada Paso\", behind the scenes and making of the album.", "title": "Así" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Albano Carrisi (Italian: [alˈbaːno karˈriːzi]; born 20 May 1943), better known as Al Bano, is an Italian recording artist, actor, and winemaker. In 2016, he was awarded Albanian citizenship due to his close ties with the country.", "title": "Albano Carrisi" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Sus Baladas is the third (second in Mexico) recompilation of hits from Mexican musician Benny Ibarra. It was released in 2007, after Benny left Warner Music, so this is his farewell with that recording and focused only on ballads. Strangely no songs from Así appeared in the compilation.", "title": "Sus Baladas" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Would I\" is a song written by Mark Winchester and recorded by American country music artist Randy Travis. It was released in September 1996 as the second single from the album \"Full Circle\". The song reached number 25 on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart.", "title": "Would I" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Revert the language to the standard of 1814; an objection to this is that most modern Norwegians would find it even more difficult to read.", "title": "Constitution of Norway" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Schwarzenegger is a dual Austrian/United States citizen. He holds Austrian citizenship by birth and has held U.S. citizenship since becoming naturalized in 1983. Being Austrian and thus European, he was able to win the 2007 European Voice campaigner of the year award for taking action against climate change with the California Global Warming Solutions Act of 2006 and plans to introduce an emissions trading scheme with other US states and possibly with the EU.", "title": "Arnold Schwarzenegger" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Digimon was first conceived as a virtual pet toy in the vein of Tamagotchis and, as such, took influence from Tamagotchis' cute and round designs. The small areas of the screens (16 by 16 pixels) meant that character designers had to create monsters whose forms would be easily recognizable. As such, many of the early Digimon—including Tyrannomon, the first one ever created—were based on dinosaurs. Many further designs were created by Kenji Watanabe, who was brought in to help with the \"X-Antibody\" creatures and art for the Digimon collectible card game. Watanabe was one influenced by American comics, which were beginning to gain popularity in Japan, and as such began to make his characters look stronger and \"cool.\" The character creation process, however, has for most of the franchise's history been collaborative and reliant on conversation and brainstorming.", "title": "Digimon" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Gila monster (Heloderma suspectum, HEE-lə) is a species of venomous lizard native to the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexican state of Sonora. A heavy, typically slow-moving lizard, up to 60 cm (2.0 ft) long, the Gila monster is the only venomous lizard native to the United States and one of only two known species of venomous lizards in North America, the other being its close relative, the Mexican beaded lizard (H. horridum). Although the Gila monster is venomous, its sluggish nature means it represents little threat to humans. However, it has acquired a fearsome reputation, and is sometimes killed despite being protected by state law in Arizona. In 2019, the state of Utah made the Gila monster its official state reptile.", "title": "Gila monster" } ]

[ { "answer": "Benny Ibarra", "id": 142089, "paragraph_support_idx": 12, "question": "What artist created Así?", "raw_question": "What artist created Así?", "statement": "Benny Ibarra created Así." }, { "answer": "Mexico", "id": 598276, "paragraph_support_idx": 14, "question": "Benny Ibarra >> country of citizenship", "raw_question": "#1 >> country of citizenship", "statement": "Benny Ibarra, the creator of Asi, is a citizen of Mexico." }, { "answer": "Sonora", "id": 159492, "paragraph_support_idx": 19, "question": "Where win Mexico would you find the monsters?", "raw_question": "Where win #2 would you find the monsters?", "statement": "In Sonora, Mexico, you would find the monsters." } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Pokhran - II tests were a series of five nuclear bomb test explosions conducted by India at the Indian Army's Pokhran Test Range in May 1998. It was the second instance of nuclear testing conducted by India; the first test, code - named Smiling Buddha, was conducted in May 1974.", "title": "Pokhran-II" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Nuclear power in Germany accounted for 17.7% of national electricity supply in 2011, compared to 22.4% in 2010. German nuclear power began with research reactors in the 1950s and 1960s with the first commercial plant coming online in 1969. As of 2017, the share of nuclear power in the electricity sector in the country is decreasing following the decision of a complete nuclear phase - out by the next decade.", "title": "Nuclear power in Germany" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The 2006 North Korean nuclear test was the detonation of a nuclear device conducted by North Korea on October 9, 2006.", "title": "2006 North Korean nuclear test" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Pacific Proving Grounds was the name given by the United States government to a number of sites in the Marshall Islands and a few other sites in the Pacific Ocean at which it conducted nuclear testing between 1946 and 1962. The U.S. tested a nuclear weapon (codenamed Able) on Bikini Atoll on 30 June 1946. This was followed by Baker on July 24, 1946.", "title": "Pacific Proving Grounds" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "CKHL-FM is a Canadian radio station, that broadcasts a country music format branded as YL Country at 102.1 FM in High Level, Alberta, Canada.", "title": "CKHL-FM" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "During the early years of the Cold War from 1946 to 1958, the United States tested 67 nuclear weapons at its Pacific Proving Grounds located in the Marshall Islands, including the largest atmospheric nuclear test ever conducted by the U.S., code named Castle Bravo. \"The bombs had a total yield of 108,496 kilotons, over 7,200 times more powerful than the atomic weapons used during World War II.\" With the 1952 test of the first U.S. hydrogen bomb, code named \"Ivy Mike,\" the island of Elugelab in the Enewetak atoll was destroyed. In 1956, the United States Atomic Energy Commission regarded the Marshall Islands as \"by far the most contaminated place in the world.\"", "title": "Marshall Islands" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "North Korea has a military nuclear weapons program and also has a significant quantity of chemical and biological weapons. As of 2003, North Korea is no longer a party to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT). The country has come under sanctions after conducting a number of nuclear tests, beginning in 2006.", "title": "North Korea and weapons of mass destruction" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "CJCI-FM is a Canadian radio station broadcasting at 97.3 FM in Prince George, British Columbia, owned by Vista Radio. The station currently airs a country music format using its on-air brand name as Country 97 FM.", "title": "CJCI-FM" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "\"Midnight FM\" was released October 14, 2010, in South Korea. The international premiere was at the Hawaii International Film Festival ten days later.", "title": "Midnight FM" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "India's decision to conduct nuclear tests in May 1998 and Pakistan's response set back US relations in the region, which had seen renewed US interest during the second Clinton Administration. A presidential visit scheduled for the first quarter of 1998 was postponed and, under the Glenn Amendment, sanctions restricted the provision of credits, military sales, economic assistance, and loans to the government.", "title": "Pakistan–United States relations" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "After Indira Gandhi became Prime Minister in 1966, the nuclear program was consolidated when physicist Raja Ramanna joined the efforts. Another nuclear test by China eventually led to India's decision toward building nuclear weapons in 1967 and conducted its first nuclear test, Smiling Buddha, in 1974.", "title": "Pokhran-II" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "WQUT (101.5 FM) is a radio station in Tri-Cities, Tennessee. The station format is classic rock and is branded as \"Tri-Cities Classic Rock 101.5 WQUT.\" As of the Fall 2008 Arbitron ratings book, WQUT is the third highest rated station in the Tri-Cities (Johnson City, Tennessee - Kingsport, Tennessee - Bristol Tennessee/Virginia) market (adults 12+) behind country music station WXBQ-FM and adult contemporary WTFM-FM. Since the early 1990s, WQUT and WTFM have fought for the number two spot in the market, with WXBQ rated the overall number one station since 1993.", "title": "WQUT" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Operation Sunbeam was a series of four nuclear tests conducted at the United States of America's Nevada Test Site in 1962. \"Operation Sunbeam\" tested small, \"tactical\" nuclear warheads; the most notable was the \"Davy Crockett\". \"Operation Sunbeam\" was also known as \"Operation Dominic II\".", "title": "Operation Sunbeam" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Operation Anvil was a series of 21 nuclear tests conducted by the United States in 1975-1976 at the Nevada Test Site. These tests followed the \"Operation Bedrock\" series and preceded the \"Operation Fulcrum\" series.", "title": "Operation Anvil (nuclear test)" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Pokhran - II was the series of five nuclear bomb test explosions conducted by India at the Indian Army's Pokhran Test Range in May 1998. It was the second Indian nuclear test; the first test, code - named Smiling Buddha, was conducted in May 1974.", "title": "Pokhran-II" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Active component and reserve component soldiers on active duty are required to take a ``record ''(meaning for official records) APFT at least twice each calendar year. Reservists not on active duty must take a`` record'' test once per calendar year. FM 7 - 22 covers the administration of the APFT, as well as ways to conduct individual, squad and unit level physical training sessions", "title": "United States Army Physical Fitness Test" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Country Warheads (Deployed / Total) Date of first test Test site of first test CTBT status Delivery methods Number of tests The five nuclear - weapon states under the NPT United States 1,800 / 6,800 16 July 1945 (``Trinity '') Alamogordo, New Mexico Signatory Nuclear triad 1,054 Russia 1,950 / 7,000 29 August 1949 (`` RDS - 1'') Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan Ratifier Nuclear triad 715 United Kingdom 120 / 215 3 October 1952 (``Hurricane '') Monte Bello Islands, Australia Ratifier Sea - based 45 France 280 / 300 13 February 1960 (`` Gerboise Bleue'') Sahara, French Algeria Ratifier Sea - and air - based 210 China? / 270 16 October 1964 (``596 '') Lop Nur, Xinjiang Signatory Suspected nuclear triad. 45 Non-NPT nuclear powers India 0 / 110 -- 120 18 May 1974 (`` Smiling Buddha'') Pokhran, Rajasthan Non-signatory Nuclear triad 6 Pakistan 0 / 120 -- 130 28 May 1998 (``Chagai - I '') Ras Koh Hills, Balochistan Non-signatory Land and air - based. 6 North Korea 0 /? 9 October 2006 Kilju, North Hamgyong Non-signatory Suspected land and sea - based. 6 Undeclared nuclear powers Israel n.a. / est. 60 -- 400 1960 -- 1979 incl. suspected Vela Incident Signatory Suspected nuclear triad.", "title": "List of states with nuclear weapons" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "KKSY-FM (96.5 FM, \"96.5 Kiss Country\") is a 100,000 watt radio station in Cedar Rapids, Iowa. It is a country music formatted station owned by iHeartMedia, Inc..", "title": "KKSY-FM" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Operation Project 56 was a series of 4 nuclear tests conducted by the United States in 1955-1956 at the Nevada Test Site. These tests followed the \"Operation Wigwam\" series and preceded the \"Operation Redwing\" series.", "title": "Project 56 (nuclear test)" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Korean War (in South Korean Hangul: 한국전쟁; Hanja: 韓國戰爭; RR: Hanguk Jeonjaeng, ``Korean War ''; in North Korean Chosŏn'gŭl: 조국해방전쟁; Hancha: 祖國解放戰爭; MR: Choguk haebang chǒnjaeng,`` Fatherland Liberation War''; 25 June 1950 -- 27 July 1953) was a war between North Korea (with the support of China and the Soviet Union) and South Korea (with the principal support of the United States). The war began on 25 June 1950 when North Korea invaded South Korea following a series of clashes along the border. The United Nations, with the United States as the principal force, came to the aid of South Korea. China came to the aid of North Korea, and the Soviet Union also gave some assistance to the North.", "title": "Korean War" } ]

[ { "answer": "South Korea", "id": 106998, "paragraph_support_idx": 8, "question": "Which was the country for Midnight FM?", "raw_question": "Which was the country for Midnight FM?", "statement": "South Korea released Midnight FM." }, { "answer": "North Korea", "id": 62641, "paragraph_support_idx": 19, "question": "who invaded South Korea and tried to take over their country", "raw_question": "who invaded #1 and tried to take over their country", "statement": "North Korea invaded South Korea and tried to take over their country." }, { "answer": "October 9, 2006", "id": 85523, "paragraph_support_idx": 2, "question": "when did North Korea conduct its first nuclear test", "raw_question": "when did #2 conduct its first nuclear test", "statement": "North Korea conducted its first nuclear test on October 9, 2006." } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Garbarek was born in Mysen, Norway, the only child of a former Polish prisoner of war, Czesław Garbarek, and a Norwegian farmer's daughter. He grew up in Oslo, stateless until the age of seven, as there was no automatic grant of citizenship in Norway at the time. When he was 21, he married Vigdis. He is the father of musician and composer Anja Garbarek.", "title": "Jan Garbarek" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Telman Mardanovich Ismailov (, ; born 26 October 1956) is an Azerbaijani-born businessman and entrepreneur of Mountain Jew origin. Since Azerbaijan does not allow dual citizenship, he holds Russian-Turkish citizenship. He is the chairman of the Russian AST Group of companies, which is active in many countries. Until 2009, Ismailov owned the Europe's then-largest marketplace, Cherkizovsky Market, located in Moscow, Russia.", "title": "Telman Ismailov" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Chancellor Manuscript is a 1977 novel, by American writer Robert Ludlum, about the alleged secret files of J. Edgar Hoover and how they disappeared after his death, and how they possibly could be used to force people in high places to do the bidding of those who possessed the secrets contained therein. It also speculated that Hoover himself might have been assassinated because he knew too much about too many of the wrong people.", "title": "The Chancellor Manuscript" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 1956 Atlantic R6D-1 disappearance involved a Douglas R6D-1 Liftmaster (BuNo 131588) of the United States Navy which disappeared over the Atlantic Ocean on 10 October 1956 with the loss of all 59 people on board.", "title": "1956 Atlantic R6D-1 disappearance" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The reference to naturalization in the Citizenship Clause is to the process by which immigrants are granted United States citizenship. Congress has power in relation to naturalization under the Naturalization Clause in Article I, Section 8, Clause 4 of the Constitution.", "title": "Citizenship Clause" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Franz Joseph Haydn (; German: [ˈfʁants ˈjoːzɛf ˈhaɪdn̩] (listen); 31 March 1732 – 31 May 1809) was an Austrian composer of the Classical period. He was instrumental in the development of chamber music such as the piano trio. His contributions to musical form have earned him the epithets \"Father of the Symphony\" and \"Father of the String Quartet\".Haydn spent much of his career as a court musician for the wealthy Esterházy family at their remote estate. Until the later part of his life, this isolated him from other composers and trends in music so that he was, as he put it, \"forced to become original\". Yet his music circulated widely, and for much of his career he was the most celebrated composer in Europe.", "title": "Joseph Haydn" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Albano Carrisi (Italian: [alˈbaːno karˈriːzi]; born 20 May 1943), better known as Al Bano, is an Italian recording artist, actor, and winemaker. In 2016, he was awarded Albanian citizenship due to his close ties with the country.", "title": "Albano Carrisi" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Robert Townsend as Donald ``Duck ''Matthews: Duck hails from a poor family. He is The Five Heartbeats' co-founder and brother of fellow Heartbeat's member J.T. Matthews, and originally was only the composer and musician for the group. He is a permanent vocalist after Bobby disappears. He serves as the movie's narrator, with the film beginning as he reminisces about the group's career.", "title": "The Five Heartbeats" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Vienna Walzer Orchestra (German: Wiener Walzer Orchester) is a chamber orchestra based in Vienna, Austria that specializes in traditional Viennese waltzes, polkas, marches and operetta arias from composers such as: J. Strauss II, F. Lehár, C.M. Ziehrer, among others. Their concerts also always include performances by ballet dancers and opera singers.", "title": "Vienna Walzer Orchestra" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "During the Wisconsinan glaciation, the New York City region was situated at the edge of a large ice sheet over 1,000 feet in depth. The ice sheet scraped away large amounts of soil, leaving the bedrock that serves as the geologic foundation for much of New York City today. Later on, the ice sheet would help split apart what are now Long Island and Staten Island.", "title": "New York City" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Sotos Point is a glaciated point projecting 180 m into the southeast part of Discovery Bay, Greenwich Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica and forming the east side of the entrance to \"Montecinos Cove\" ().", "title": "Sotos Point" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Yesterday Girl (German: Abschied von gestern, \"Farewell to Yesterday\") is a 1966 drama film directed and written by Alexander Kluge. The film is based on the short story \"Anita G.\" (1962), which is also by Alexander Kluge. The film tells the story of Anita G., a young East German migrant to West Germany and her struggle to adjust to her new life. The film is associated with New German Cinema.", "title": "Yesterday Girl" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "High levels of precipitation cause the glaciers to descend to permafrost levels in some areas whereas in other, more arid regions, glaciers remain above about the 3,500 m (11,483 ft) level. The 1,817 square kilometres (702 sq mi) of the Alps covered by glaciers in 1876 had shrunk to 1,342 km2 (518 sq mi) by 1973, resulting in decreased river run-off levels. Forty percent of the glaciation in Austria has disappeared since 1850, and 30% of that in Switzerland.", "title": "Alps" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Pursuant to this power, Congress in 1790 passed the first naturalization law for the United States, the Naturalization Act of 1790. The law enabled those who had resided in the country for two years and had kept their current state of residence for a year to apply for citizenship. However it restricted naturalization to ``free white persons ''of`` good moral character''.", "title": "History of laws concerning immigration and naturalization in the United States" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Errol Osbourne Nolan II (born August 18, 1991) is an American born sprinter of Jamaican descent who holds dual citizenship with both countries. He now competes for Jamaica as of 2012. He specialises in the 200 and 400 metres.", "title": "Errol Nolan" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "West of Cimarron is a 1941 American Western \"Three Mesquiteers\" B-movie directed by Lester Orlebeck and starring Bob Steele, Tom Tyler, and Rufe Davis.", "title": "West of Cimarron" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Disappeared Title card (season 6 -- present) Genre True crime documentary Presented by Christopher Walker Composer (s) David Varga Country of origin United States No. of seasons 8 No. of episodes 108 Production Executive producer (s) Benjamin Ringe Diana Sperrazza Elizabeth Fischer Knute Walker Sharon Scott Producer (s) Various (show) Angela Martenez Benjamin Adams Trueheart Chris Gidez Courtney Engelstein Diamaris Welch Erika Beck Grothues Heather Walsh James Cozza Joe Bergan Jonathan Damour Keila Woodard Kimberly Weinstein Leslie Mattingly Lindsay Carswell Lloyd Fales Sara Burns Sarah Gregory Stephanie Angelides Running time 40 to 43 minutes (excl. commercials) Production company (s) Peacock Productions Release Original network Investigation Discovery Picture format 480i (SDTV) 1080i (HDTV) Original release December 10, 2009 (2009 - 12 - 10) -- present External links Website investigationdiscovery.com/tv-shows/disappeared/", "title": "Disappeared (TV program)" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Millicent (``Millie '') (Marie - Alise Recasner): Whitley's confidante and only friend for much of season one, involved in serious relationship with Ron, disappeared after season one (last name unrevealed).", "title": "List of A Different World characters" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Abschieds-Rufe (\"Cries of Farewell\"), op, 179, is a waltz composed by Johann Strauss II. It premiered in January 1856 at a ball attended by some two thousand guests in the Sofienbad-Saal in Vienna. The waltz was very well received, and was repeated four times.", "title": "Abschieds-Rufe" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "' (Ah God, how much heartbreak), ', is a church cantata by Johann Sebastian Bach. He composed the dialogue cantata in Leipzig for the Sunday after New Year's Day.", "title": "Ach Gott, wie manches Herzeleid, BWV 58" } ]

[ { "answer": "Johann Strauss II", "id": 383328, "paragraph_support_idx": 18, "question": "Abschieds-Rufe >> composer", "raw_question": "Abschieds-Rufe >> composer", "statement": "Johann Strauss II was the composer of Abschieds-Rufe." }, { "answer": "Austria", "id": 705261, "paragraph_support_idx": 8, "question": "Johann Strauss II >> country of citizenship", "raw_question": "#1 >> country of citizenship", "statement": "Johann Strauss II was an Austrian composer." }, { "answer": "Forty percent", "id": 9426, "paragraph_support_idx": 12, "question": "How much of the glaciation in Austria disappeared?", "raw_question": "How much of the glaciation in #2 disappeared?", "statement": "Forty percent of the glaciation in Austria has disappeared." } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Publix stands as one of the largest U.S. regional grocery chains. Locations are found as far north as Spotsylvania, Virginia, as far south as Key West, Florida, while the westernmost location is in Mobile, Alabama. Today, the state of Florida still has the largest number of stores, with 787, about two - thirds of the outlets. As of August 2018, Publix employs about 193,000 people at its 1,231 retail locations, cooking schools, corporate offices, 9 grocery distribution centers, and 11 manufacturing facilities. The manufacturing facilities produce its dairy, deli, bakery, and other food products.", "title": "Publix" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "KRBI-FM (105.5 FM, \"River 105\") is an American radio station licensed to serve the community of St. Peter, Minnesota and broadcasting to the Mankato area and the Minnesota River Valley. They currently air a classic hits music format.", "title": "KRBI-FM" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Amid a high level of success, the company's West German executives accidentally opened a store in Konstanz in 1973 instead of Koblenz. Later that decade, stores opened in other parts of the world, such as Japan (1974), Australia, Canada, Hong Kong (1975), and Singapore (1978). IKEA further expanded in the 1980s, opening stores in countries such as France and Spain (1981), Belgium (1984), the United States (1985), the United Kingdom (1987), and Italy (1989). The company later expanded into more countries in the 1990s and 2000s. Germany, with 53 stores, is IKEA's biggest market, followed by the United States, with 48 stores. At the end of the 2009 financial year, the IKEA group operated 267 stores in 25 countries. The first IKEA store in Latin America opened on 17 February 2010 in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic. As of July 2013, the company's presence in developing countries remains minimal.", "title": "IKEA" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "During 2010, Aryan Cargo Express operated one single Airbus A310-300F. Plans for the introduction of an MD-11F did not materialize. As of December 2010 the only aircraft of the airline has been stored at Mumbai and the airline ceased operations.", "title": "Aryan Cargo Express" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Publix Super Markets, Inc., commonly known as Publix, is an employee - owned, American supermarket chain headquartered in Lakeland, Florida. Founded in 1930 by George W. Jenkins, Publix is a private corporation that is wholly owned by present and past employees. It is considered the largest employee - owned company in the world. Publix operates throughout the Southeastern United States, with locations in Florida (785), Georgia (186), Alabama (68), South Carolina (58), Tennessee (42), North Carolina (35), and Virginia (8).", "title": "Publix" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Lockheed Air Express was the second aircraft design created by the Lockheed Aircraft Company after its founding in 1927; the type first flew in April 1928.", "title": "Lockheed Air Express" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bernardino of Fossa (b. at Fossa, in the Diocese of Aquila, Italy, in 1420; d. at Aquila, 27 November 1503) was an Italian Franciscan historian and ascetical writer.", "title": "Bernardino of Fossa" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The first department store in the Philippines is the Hoskyn's Department Store of Hoskyn & Co. established in 1877 in Iloilo by the Englishman Henry Hoskyn, nephew of Nicholas Loney, the first British vice-consul in Iloilo. Some of the earliest department stores in the Philippines were located in Manila as early as 1898 with the opening of the American Bazaar, which was later named Beck's. During the course of the American occupation of the Philippines, many department stores were built throughout the city, many of which were located in Escolta. Heacock's, a luxury department store, was considered as the best department store in the Orient. Other department stores included Aguinaldo's, La Puerta del Sol, Estrella del Norte, and the Crystal Arcade, all of which were destroyed during the Battle of Manila in 1945. After the war, department stores were once again alive with the establishment of Shoemart (now SM), and Rustan's. Since the foundation of these companies in the 1950s, there are now more than one hundred department stores to date. At present, due to the huge success of shopping malls, department stores in the Philippines usually are anchor tenants within malls. SM Supermalls and Robinsons Malls are two of the country's most prominent mall chains, all of which has Department Store sections.", "title": "Department store" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Designated MA-31 in US service, the first launch of the missile took place in August 1996. Evaluated against an improved MQM-8, the MA-31 proved superior and a contract for 34 production missiles was placed in 1999.", "title": "MA-31" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "By 1913, the Louis Vuitton Building opened on the Champs - Elysees. It was the largest travel - goods store in the world at the time. Stores also opened in New York, Bombay, Washington, London, Alexandria, and Buenos Aires as World War I began. Afterwards, in 1930, the Keepall bag was introduced. During 1932, LV introduced the Noé bag. This bag was originally made for champagne vintners to transport bottles. Soon thereafter, the Louis Vuitton Speedy bag was introduced (both are still manufactured today). In 1936 Georges Vuitton died, and his son, Gaston - Louis Vuitton, assumed control of the company.", "title": "Louis Vuitton" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1954 the British Aviation Services Group took control of Aquila Airways, the last commercial flying boat operator in the United Kingdom.", "title": "Aquila Airways" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "From its origins in the fur trade, the Hudson's Bay Company is the oldest corporation in North America and was the largest department store operator in Canada until the mid-1980s, with locations across the country. It also previously owned Zellers, another major Canadian department store which ceased to exist in March 2013 after selling its lease holdings to Target Canada. Other department stores in Canada are: Canadian Tire, Sears Canada, Ogilvy, Les Ailes de la Mode, Giant Tiger, Co-op, Costco and Holt Renfrew. Grocery giant Superstores carry many non-grocery items akin to a department store. Woolco had 160 stores in Canada when operations ceased (Walmart bought out Woolco in 1994). Today low-price Walmart is by far the most dominant department store retailer in Canada with outlets throughout the country. Historically, department stores were a significant component in Canadian economic life, and chain stores such as Eaton's, Charles Ogilvy Limited, Freiman's, Spencer's, Simpsons, Morgan's, and Woodward's were staples in their respective communities. Department stores in Canada are similar in design and style to department stores in the United States.", "title": "Department store" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Costa Coffee was founded in London in 1971 by the Costa family as a wholesale operation supplying roasted coffee to caterers and specialist Italian coffee shops. Acquired by Whitbread in 1995, it has since grown to 3,401 stores across 31 countries. The business has 2,121 UK restaurants, over 6,000 Costa Express vending facilities and a further 1,280 outlets overseas (including 395 in China).", "title": "Costa Coffee" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Cracker Barrel Old Country Store, Inc. is an American chain of combined restaurant and gift stores with a Southern country theme. The company was founded by Dan Evins in 1969; its first store was in Lebanon, Tennessee, which remains the company headquarters. The chain's stores were at first positioned near Interstate highway exits in the Southeastern and Midwestern United States, but has expanded across the country during the 1990s and 2000s. As of September 18, 2012, the chain operates 639 stores in 43 states.", "title": "Cracker Barrel" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Gustavson led a group called the Scalable Coherent Interface and Serial Express Users, Developers, and Manufacturers Association and maintained a web site for the technology starting in 1996. A series of workshops were held through 1999.", "title": "Scalable Coherent Interface" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Canadian Airlines International Ltd. (stylized as Canadin Airlines or Canadiairline that operated from 1987 until 2001. The airline was Canada's second largest airline after Air Canada, and carried more than 11.9 million passengers to over 160 destinations in 17 countries on five continents at its height in 1996. Canadian Airlines served 105 destinations in Canada, more than any other airline. Canadian Airlines was also a founding member of the Oneworld airline alliance.", "title": "Canadian Airlines" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Lockheed MQM-105 Aquila (Eagle) was the first small battlefield drone developed in the United States during the 1970s to act as a target designator for the US Army.", "title": "Lockheed MQM-105 Aquila" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The is an automobile manufactured by the Japanese automaker Toyota between 1957 and 2002. Traditionally, the competitor from Nissan was the Nissan Bluebird. The word \"\"corona\"\" is Latin for \"crown\", a reference to an earlier vehicle Toyota offered called the Toyota Crown. It was exclusive to \"Toyopet Store\" dealership channels in Japan, while the larger Crown was available only at \"Toyota Store\" locations.", "title": "Toyota Corona" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Since the opening policy in 1979, the Chinese department stores also develops swiftly along with the fast-growing economy. There are different department store groups dominating different regions. For example, INTIME department store has the biggest market presence in Zhejiang province, while Jinying department stores dominate Jiangsu Province. Besides, there are many other department store groups, such as Pacific, Parkson, Wangfujing，New World，etc., many of them are expanding quickly by listing in the financial market.", "title": "Department store" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Trg Slobode or Freedom Square () is the main town square in Nikšić, Montenegro. It's the largest town square in the country. Numerous cafés and restaurants are located on the square, as well as many stores, banks and an art gallery. It also serves as one of the main concert venues in the city.", "title": "Freedom Square, Nikšić" } ]

[ { "answer": "Lockheed", "id": 785514, "paragraph_support_idx": 5, "question": "Air Express >> manufacturer", "raw_question": "Air Express >> manufacturer", "statement": "Lockheed is the manufacturer of Air Express." }, { "answer": "the United States", "id": 299916, "paragraph_support_idx": 16, "question": "Lockheed MQM-105 Aquila >> country", "raw_question": "#1 MQM-105 Aquila >> country", "statement": "The Lockheed MQM-105 Aquila is located in the United States." }, { "answer": "1,231", "id": 57713, "paragraph_support_idx": 0, "question": "how many publix stores are there in the United States", "raw_question": "how many publix stores are there in #2", "statement": "There are 1,231 Publix stores in the United States." } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Seeberg is a municipality in the Oberaargau administrative district in the canton of Bern in Switzerland. The lake Burgäschisee is located on the border with Aeschi. On 1 January 2016 the former municipality of Hermiswil merged into Seeberg.", "title": "Seeberg" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Tatra County () is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Lesser Poland Voivodeship, southern Poland, on the Slovak border. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and only town is Zakopane, which lies south of the regional capital Kraków. The county takes its name from the Tatra mountain range, which covers most of its territory.", "title": "Tatra County" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Canada -- United States border (French: Frontière entre le Canada et les États - Unis), officially known as the International Boundary, is the longest international border in the world between two countries. It is shared between Canada and the United States, the second - and fourth - largest countries by area, respectively. The terrestrial boundary (including portions of maritime boundaries in the Great Lakes, and on the Atlantic, Pacific, and Arctic coasts) is 8,891 kilometres (5,525 mi) long, of which 2,475 kilometres (1,538 mi) is Canada's border with Alaska. Eight Canadian provinces and territories (Yukon, British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, and New Brunswick), and thirteen U.S. states (Alaska, Washington, Idaho, Montana, North Dakota, Minnesota, Michigan, Ohio, Pennsylvania, New York, Vermont, New Hampshire, and Maine) are located along the border.", "title": "Canada–United States border" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Lake Wilderness is a census-designated place in Spotsylvania County, Virginia. The population as of the 2010 Census was 2,669. It's flanked on three sides by the Wilderness Battlefield section of the Fredericksburg and Spotsylvania National Military Park.", "title": "Lake Wilderness, Virginia" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Notogawa Station (Location: N35.179899,E136.165913) is the only Japan Railway station in Higashiomi. The station is a rapid stop on the JR Biwako Line, located between stations in Omi-Hachiman to the east and Hikone to the west. The town shares a small border with Lake Biwa to the northwest.", "title": "Notogawa, Shiga" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Priozersky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Leningrad Oblast, Russia. It is located in the northwest of the oblast and borders with Lakhdenpokhsky District of the Republic of Karelia in the north, Vsevolozhsky District in the south, and Vyborgsky District in the west. In the east, the district is bounded by Lake Ladoga. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the town of Priozersk. Population (excluding the administrative center): 42,859 (2002 Census); .", "title": "Priozersky District" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The county lies in southern Hungary, on the border with Croatia. The River Drava forms part of its southern border, and the River Danube its eastern border. It shares borders with the Hungarian counties Somogy, Tolna, and Bács-Kiskun. The capital of Baranya county is Pécs.", "title": "Baranya County" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Loon Lake is a lake located in Gogebic County in the U.S. state of Michigan. Loon Lake is one of about two dozen clear, clean lakes located in a special wilderness area known as the Sylvania Wilderness, which in turn is located within the Ottawa National Forest a few miles to the west of the town of Watersmeet. The shoreline is completely undeveloped, and surrounded by virgin timber consisting mainly of hemlock and pine. This remote, spring-fed lake is noted for its rugged beauty. The total surface area of the lake is , with maximum depths of .", "title": "Loon Lake (Gogebic County, Michigan)" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "LeGore Lake is a tarn located in the Eagle Cap Wilderness of northeastern Oregon, United States. It is the highest true lake in Oregon at elevation. It is positioned near Twin Peaks and is accessed by a 4-mile hiking trail that ascends 4,000 feet and passes the LeGore mine, the lake's namesake.", "title": "Legore Lake" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Lake of the Clouds is a lake located in Ontonagon County in the Upper Peninsula of the U.S. state of Michigan within the Porcupine Mountains Wilderness State Park. The lake is situated in a valley between two ridges in the Porcupine Mountains. Surrounded by virgin wilderness and stunning vistas, the lake is a popular destination for hikers, campers, and fishermen.", "title": "Lake of the Clouds" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Enterprise is a hamlet in the South Slave Region of the Northwest Territories, Canada, located between Great Slave Lake and the Alberta border on the Hay River.", "title": "Enterprise, Northwest Territories" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Minaret Lake is a lake in the Ritter Range, a subrange of the Sierra Nevada, in California. It is located in extreme northeastern Madera County, within the Ansel Adams Wilderness of the Inyo National Forest.", "title": "Minaret Lake" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "WCVA is a broadcast radio station licensed to Culpeper, Virginia, serving Culpeper and Culpeper County, Virginia. WCVA is owned and operated by Piedmont Communications, Inc. and simulcasts the Classic Hits format of sister station 105.5 WOJL Louisa. Prior to February 2016, it had aired a satellite-fed Adult Standards format.", "title": "WCVA (AM)" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Yarramundi Reach is a small peninsula on the western end of Lake Burley Griffin, in the Australian Capital Territory, close to Scrivener Dam. It is also the name for the area of water on Lake Burley Griffin between it and Weston Park.", "title": "Yarramundi Reach" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Congress organized the Utah Territory out of the ``State of Deseret ''in 1850, and a few months later on January 6, 1851 the city was formally organized as`` The City of the Great Salt Lake''. Originally, Fillmore, Utah was the territorial capital, but in 1856 it was moved to Salt Lake City, where it has stayed ever since. The city's name was officially changed to ``Salt Lake City ''at the same time.", "title": "History of Salt Lake City" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Dunavant is an unincorporated community in Spotsylvania County north of Chancellorsville, running along the Rapidan River and bordering Culpeper County in the state of Virginia. The Dunavant area comprises the extreme northern tip of Spotsylvania County. There are roughly 1,000 people in this community as of 2010.", "title": "Dunavant, Virginia" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bonny Lakes are two small, shallow, mountain ponds located in the Eagle Cap Wilderness of Northeastern Oregon, United States. They are positioned in a large meadow on Aneroid Mountain known as Bonny Lakes basin, which is about two miles east of Dollar Lake. Together they are listed as the 13th highest lake in the Eagle Cap Wilderness at 7,840 ft (2,390 m).", "title": "Bonny Lakes" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "China shares international borders with 14 sovereign states. In addition, there is a 30 - km border with the special administrative region of Hong Kong, which was a British dependency before 1997, and a 3 km border with Macau, a Portuguese territory until 1999. With a land border of 22,117 kilometres (13,743 mi) in total it also has the longest land border of any country.", "title": "Borders of China" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Canada -- United States border (French: Frontière entre le Canada et les États - Unis), officially known as the International Boundary (French: Frontière internationale), is the longest international border in the world between two countries. It is shared between Canada and the United States, the second - and fourth - largest countries by area, respectively. The terrestrial boundary (including portions of maritime boundaries in the Great Lakes, and on the Atlantic, Pacific, and Arctic coasts) is 8,891 kilometres (5,525 mi) long, of which 2,475 kilometres (1,538 mi) is Canada's border with Alaska. Eight Canadian provinces and territories (Yukon, British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, and New Brunswick), and thirteen U.S. states (Alaska, Washington, Idaho, Montana, North Dakota, Minnesota, Michigan, Ohio, Pennsylvania, New York, Vermont, New Hampshire, and Maine) are located along the border.", "title": "Canada–United States border" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Talking Mountain in El Dorado County, California is a peak in the Sierra Nevada located on the high ridge that extends eastward from the summit of Ralston Peak in the Eldorado National Forest. It is south of Lake Tahoe, south of Echo Lake and marks the border of the Desolation Wilderness. South of the summit, U.S. Route 50 follows the South Fork of the American River.", "title": "Talking Mountain" } ]

[ { "answer": "Spotsylvania County", "id": 454986, "paragraph_support_idx": 3, "question": "Lake Wilderness >> located in the administrative territorial entity", "raw_question": "Lake Wilderness >> located in the administrative territorial entity", "statement": "Lake Wilderness is located in Spotsylvania County." }, { "answer": "Culpeper County", "id": 428297, "paragraph_support_idx": 15, "question": "Spotsylvania County >> shares border with", "raw_question": "#1 >> shares border with", "statement": "Spotsylvania County shares a border with Culpeper County." }, { "answer": "Culpeper, Virginia", "id": 590551, "paragraph_support_idx": 12, "question": "Culpeper County >> capital", "raw_question": "#2 >> capital", "statement": "Culpeper, Virginia is the capital." } ]

[ "Culpeper" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bertrand de Jouvenel des Ursins (31 October 1903 – 1 March 1987) was a French philosopher, political economist, and futurist.", "title": "Bertrand de Jouvenel" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "George Lunt (December 31, 1803 – May 17, 1885) was an American editor, lawyer, author, and politician. George's ancestor, Henry Lunt, was one of the original settlers of Newbury (1635). His grandfather's exploits with John Paul Jones were chronicled by James Fenimore Cooper.", "title": "George Lunt" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Pure Jerry: Lunt-Fontanne, New York City, The Best of the Rest, October 15–30, 1987 is a three-CD live album by Jerry Garcia. It features performances by both the Jerry Garcia Band and the Jerry Garcia Acoustic Band. It contains selections from a series of 18 concerts performed at the Lunt-Fontanne Theatre in New York City in October 1987. The third in the \"Pure Jerry\" series of archival concert albums, it was released in November 2004.", "title": "Pure Jerry: Lunt-Fontanne, New York City, The Best of the Rest, October 15–30, 1987" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Pure Jerry: Lunt-Fontanne, New York City, October 31, 1987 is a four-CD live album by Jerry Garcia. It features performances by both the Jerry Garcia Band and the Jerry Garcia Acoustic Band. It contains two complete concerts, both recorded at the Lunt-Fontanne Theatre in New York City on October 31, 1987. The second in the \"Pure Jerry\" series of archival concert albums, it was released in November 2004.", "title": "Pure Jerry: Lunt-Fontanne, New York City, October 31, 1987" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Heartbreak on a Full Moon is the eighth studio album by American singer Chris Brown. The album is a double - disc, and was released on digital platforms on October 31, 2017 and has a physical release of November 3, 2017 by RCA Records.", "title": "Heartbreak on a Full Moon" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Heartbreak on a Full Moon is the upcoming eighth studio album by American singer Chris Brown. The album is scheduled to release on October 31, 2017 by RCA Records. The track listing was announced by Brown on his Instagram account on May 1, 2017, and it will be a double album.", "title": "Heartbreak on a Full Moon" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "As host and producer of Hour of the Wolf (created by Margot Adler), which has aired on WBAI in New York City since 1974, Freund has presented the work of and interviewed many major figures in speculative fiction. As curator of the New York Review of Science Fiction Reading Series he has been responsible for the presentation of a long-running series of live readings by major figures of speculative fiction.", "title": "Jim Freund" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Heartbreak on a Full Moon is the upcoming eighth studio album by American singer Chris Brown. The album is scheduled to release on October 31, 2017 by RCA Records. The track listing was announced by Brown on his Instagram account on May 2, 2017, and it will be a double album.", "title": "Heartbreak on a Full Moon" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Carl Tanzler, or sometimes Count Carl von Cosel (February 8, 1877 -- July 3, 1952), was a German - born radiology technician at the Marine - Hospital Service in Key West, Florida. He developed an obsession for a young Cuban - American tuberculosis patient, Elena ``Helen ''Milagro de Hoyos (July 31, 1909 -- October 25, 1931), that carried on well after the disease had caused her death. In 1933, almost two years after her death, Tanzler removed Hoyos' body from its tomb, and lived with the corpse at his home for seven years until its discovery by Hoyos' relatives and authorities in 1940.", "title": "Carl Tanzler" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Yoshihiro Togashi (冨樫義博, Togashi Yoshihiro, born April 27, 1966 in Shinjō, Yamagata) is a Japanese manga artist. He began drawing manga at an early age; while he attended college, the publishing company Shueisha recognized his talent. Togashi has authored numerous manga series in different genres during the past three decades. He is perhaps best known for writing and illustrating the YuYu Hakusho and Hunter × Hunter series, both of which have been published in the popular Weekly Shōnen Jump magazine. Togashi is married to Naoko Takeuchi, the author of Sailor Moon.", "title": "Yoshihiro Togashi" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Pure Gershwin is a 1987 album by American vocalist Michael Feinstein of songs composed by George Gershwin. This was Feinstein's debut studio recording.", "title": "Pure Gershwin" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Susan Morgan (pen names: Zoe Barnes and Sue Dyson) (20 July 1957 – 31 October 2009) of Cheltenham was a best-selling English author of chick lit genre.", "title": "Susan Morgan" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Voyager's Return\" is the sixth episode of the first series of \"\", with a screenplay written by Johnny Byrne from an idea by Joe Gannon, and was first screened on 9 October 1975 in the UK, and 21 November 1975 in the United States. The final shooting script is dated 31 July 1974, with filming taking place from 7–21 August. The episode is based on the Moon encountering a spaceship from Earth, \"Voyager One\", the dangerous power source of which could have fatal consequences.", "title": "Voyager's Return" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Allan Kardec () is the pen name of the French educator, translator and author Hippolyte Léon Denizard Rivail (; 3 October 1804 – 31 March 1869). He is the author of the five books known as the Spiritist Codification, and is the founder of Spiritism.", "title": "Allan Kardec" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "After a pre-Broadway tryout in Denver, Colorado from July to September 2007, the musical began Broadway previews on November 3, 2007 at the Lunt - Fontanne Theatre, replacing Disney's Beauty and the Beast. The production officially opened on January 10, 2008 and closed on August 30, 2009 after 685 performances and 50 previews. It introduced Broadway debuts by director Francesca Zambello and Sierra Boggess in the title role.", "title": "The Little Mermaid (musical)" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Alfred Lunt died August 3, 1977, nine days before his 85th birthday, in Chicago from cancer. He is buried next to his wife at Forest Home Cemetery in Milwaukee. He was the third person for whom the house lights were dimmed in all Broadway theaters following his death.", "title": "Alfred Lunt" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "A total lunar eclipse occurred on January 31, 2018. The Moon was near its perigee on January 30 and as such may be described as a \"supermoon\". The previous supermoon lunar eclipse was in September 2015.As this supermoon was also a blue moon (the second full moon in a calendar month), it was referred to as a \"super blue blood moon\"; \"blood\" refers to the typical red color of the Moon during a total lunar eclipse. This coincidence last occurred on December 30, 1982 for the eastern hemisphere, and otherwise before that on March 31, 1866. The next occurrence will be on January 31, 2037, one metonic cycle (19 years) later.", "title": "January 2018 lunar eclipse" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Drawing Down the Moon: Witches, Druids, Goddess-Worshippers, and Other Pagans in America Today is a sociological study of contemporary Paganism in the United States written by the American Wiccan and journalist Margot Adler. First published in 1979 by Viking Press, it was later republished in a revised and expanded edition by Beacon Press in 1986, with third and fourth revised editions being brought out by Penguin Books in 1996 and then 2006 respectively.", "title": "Drawing Down the Moon (book)" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "There is no estimation for the exact day or month the world's population surpassed one or two billion. The points at which it reached three and four billion were not officially noted, but the International Database of the United States Census Bureau placed them in July 1959 and April 1974 respectively. The United Nations did determine, and commemorate, the ``Day of 5 Billion ''on July 11, 1987, and the`` Day of 6 Billion'' on October 12, 1999. The Population Division of the United Nations declared the ``Day of 7 Billion ''to be October 31, 2011.", "title": "World population" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jack Stenhouse (20 November 1911 – 31 October 1987) was an Australian rules footballer who played with Richmond, Essendon and Hawthorn in the Victorian Football League (VFL).", "title": "Jack Stenhouse" } ]

[ { "answer": "Margot Adler", "id": 365859, "paragraph_support_idx": 17, "question": "Drawing Down the Moon >> author", "raw_question": "Drawing Down the Moon >> author", "statement": "Margot Adler is the author of Drawing Down the Moon." }, { "answer": "New York City", "id": 846762, "paragraph_support_idx": 6, "question": "Margot Adler >> place of death", "raw_question": "#1 >> place of death", "statement": "Margot Adler died in New York City." }, { "answer": "concert album", "id": 766194, "paragraph_support_idx": 3, "question": "Pure Jerry: Lunt-Fontanne, New York City , October 31, 1987 >> instance of", "raw_question": "Pure Jerry: Lunt-Fontanne, #2 , October 31, 1987 >> instance of", "statement": "Pure Jerry: Lunt-Fontanne, New York City, October 31, 1987 is an instance of a concert album." } ]

[ "live album", "album", "Album" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Yomatsy Maurineth Hazlewood De La Rosa (born April 3, 1991 in Panama City) is a Panamanian model and beauty pageant titleholder who was crowned Miss Panamá 2014 and represented Panama at the Miss Universe 2014.", "title": "Yomatzy Hazlewood" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "After the Civil War began, Governor Zebulon Baird Vance ordered the construction of breastworks around the city as protection from Union troops. During General Sherman's Carolinas Campaign, Raleigh was captured by Union cavalry under the command of General Hugh Judson Kilpatrick on April 13, 1865. As the Confederate cavalry retreated west, the Union soldiers followed, leading to the nearby Battle of Morrisville. The city was spared significant destruction during the War, but due to the economic problems of the post-war period and Reconstruction, with a state economy based on agriculture, it grew little over the next several decades.", "title": "Raleigh, North Carolina" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Kim Edri (; born c. 1992) is an Israeli beauty queen who won the title of Miss Israel Universe 2011 and represented her country in the Miss Universe 2011 pageant.", "title": "Kim Edri" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Miss North Carolina competition is the pageant that selects the representative for the state of North Carolina in the Miss America pageant. The competition has been held in Raleigh every year since 1978. Prior to that, it was held in various locales including Charlotte, Greensboro, Winston - Salem, Durham, Burlington, Wilmington, and Morehead City. Miss North Carolina won the Miss America crown once in 1962.", "title": "Miss North Carolina" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Renate Veronica Cerljen (born March 26, 1988 in Staffanstorp, Sweden) is the first ever winner of the Miss Universe Sweden pageant which she won on June 6, 2009. Cerljen represented Sweden at the Miss Universe 2009 pageant on the Bahamas on August 23, 2009 and placed in the Top 15. Renate was the first non-winner of the Miss Sweden pageant since 1952 to represent Sweden at Miss Universe since Miss Sweden lost its rights to crown a contestant for Miss Universe earlier in 2009. Cerljen was also the first delegate from Sweden at the international final since 2006 when Josephine Alhanko placed in the Top 20. Miss Universe 1984 winner Yvonne Ryding was among the judges in the final which crowned Cerljen as winner. By making the Top 15 Cerljen became Sweden's 29th semifinalist at the Miss Universe pageant overall. In May 2010 Cerljen placed fifth in the Miss Beauty of the World pageant in China. Cerljen was a judge at the Miss Sinergy competition for breast cancer in 2009 as well as 2010 which is an annual pageant made by the Sinergy group, held at the House of Sweden in Washington DC, United States.", "title": "Renate Cerljen" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1948, Irma Nydia Vasquez, the first Miss Puerto Rico, became the first Latina contestant. In addition, in 1948, Yun Tau Chee, the first Miss Hawaii, was also the first Asian - American contestant. Miss America 1949, Jacque Mercer, was married and divorced during her reign; after this, a rule was enacted requiring Miss America contestants to sign a certification that they have never been married or pregnant. Starting in 1950, although the pageant continued to be in September, the Miss America title changed to ``post-dated '', thus that year's pageant winner became Miss America 1951, and there was no Miss America 1950. The pageant was first televised nationally in 1954, hosted by Bob Russell. Future television star Lee Meriwether was crowned Miss America 1955. It would also be the last time Russell served as host. He recommended, and was replaced by, Bert Parks, who served as the host for the second televised pageant in 1955 and stayed as host until 1979. Television viewership peaked during the early 1960s, when it was the highest - rated program on American television.", "title": "Miss America" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Miss USA 1956, the fifth edition of Miss USA was held on July 18, 1956, at Long Beach Municipal Auditorium, Long Beach, California. They had 43 young ladies in the competition. Miss Iowa USA, Carol Morris, won the competition and later became Miss Universe. She became the first contestant from Iowa to win the Miss USA competition. She was crowned by Miss USA 1955, Carlene King Johnson of Vermont.", "title": "Miss USA 1956" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "John William De Forest (May 31, 1826 – July 17, 1906) was an American soldier and writer of realistic fiction, best known for his Civil War novel \"Miss Ravenel's Conversion from Secession to Loyalty\".", "title": "John William De Forest" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Manushi Chhillar (born 14 May 1997) is an Indian model and the winner of the Miss World 2017 pageant. She represented the state of Haryana at the Femina Miss India 2017 pageant, which she won. Chhillar is the sixth Indian woman to win the Miss World pageant.", "title": "Manushi Chhillar" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Cilou Annys (born 20 March 1991) is a Belgian model and beauty pageant titleholder who won Miss Belgium 2010 on 10 January 2010. She is also Miss West Flanders. Annys, the 80th Miss Belgium, accepted the crown from Zeynep Sever, Miss Belgium 2009.", "title": "Cilou Annys" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Landry is the first former Miss Teen USA state delegate to win the Miss USA title, the third Miss USA from Louisiana and the second Miss Louisiana USA to win both the Photogenic award and Miss USA crown, making Louisiana the only state to complete this feat after California did it in 1992. Landry is also the fifth and last Miss Photogenic to be crowned as Miss USA after winning the award.", "title": "Miss USA 1996" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Tina Zajc (born 1983 in Ljubljana) won the Slovenia national beauty contest, Miss Slovenia 2003, in 2003 and attended the Miss World 2003 competition. At the time, she was a 19-year-old geology student, studying earthquakes and volcanos. She also had a modelling and acting career, and had recorded a song. As the winner of Miss Slovenia 2003, she won a Peugeot 206 car, a ring, a set of Samsonite suitcases, and an all-expense trip to the Miss World competition held in China in December 2003. She liked crime novels, horror films and comedy, and spoke English and German, and Croat.", "title": "Tina Zajc" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Gamya Wijayadasa (Sinhala:ගම්‍යා විජයදාස) is a Sri Lankan beauty pageant titleholder who won Derana Veet Miss Sri Lanka 2009 and represented Sri Lanka in Miss World 2009 on December 12, 2009 in Johannesburg, South Africa.", "title": "Gamya Wijayadasa" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Stewart won the Miss Texas USA 2008 title in a state pageant held in Laredo, Texas on July 1, 2007 after competing against 121 other contestants. She represented Texas in the Miss USA 2008 pageant held in April 2008. Crystle Stewart graduated from Elkins High School in Missouri City, and graduated from the University of Houston in 2007. Additionally, Stewart graduated from Barbizon Modeling and Acting School in Houston.", "title": "Crystle Stewart" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jonavi Raisa Bernas Quiray is an architect, environmentalist, and beauty queen from the Philippines who won Miss Philippines Air 2011, Miss ASEAN TV Charm 2010, Mutya ng Pilipinas International 2008, and Mutya ng Palawan 2005.", "title": "Jonavi Raisa Quiray" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mimi Areme was born on September 28, 1988 in the Volta Region of Ghana. She was crowned the winner of the Miss Ghana 2009 beauty pageant. Areme later competed in the Miss World 2010 pageant in the southern Chinese city of Sanya on October 30, where Miss USA, Alexandria Mills, was crowned the overall winner.", "title": "Mimi Areme" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1994, Sushmita Sen won the Miss Universe title after winning the Miss India crown and became the first Indian woman ever to win the Miss Universe crown. The same year the runner - up of Miss India, Aishwarya Rai, won the Miss World title. Sushmita Sen and Aishwarya Rai established themselves in the Bollywood industry after winning their titles.", "title": "Femina Miss India" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Miss USA 2005, the 54th Miss USA pageant, was held in Baltimore, Maryland in April 11, 2005. It was won by Chelsea Cooley of North Carolina.", "title": "Miss USA 2005" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Zebulon Baird Vance (May 13, 1830 – April 14, 1894) was a Confederate military officer in the American Civil War, the 37th and 43rd Governor of North Carolina, and U.S. Senator. A prolific writer, Vance became one of the most influential Southern leaders of the Civil War and postbellum periods. As a leader of the \"New South\", Vance favored the rapid modernization of the southern economy, railroad expansion, school construction, and reconciliation with the North.", "title": "Zebulon Baird Vance" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Francis del Valle Gago Aponte (born 1973 in Maturín, Venezuela) is a Venezuelan model and beauty pageant titleholder who won Miss World Venezuela 1992 and also won Reina Sudamericana 1992 and placed second runner-up to Miss World 1992 as Miss World Americas.", "title": "Francis Gago" } ]

[ { "answer": "Zebulon Baird Vance", "id": 22527, "paragraph_support_idx": 1, "question": "Who was the governor during the Civil War?", "raw_question": "Who was the governor during the Civil War?", "statement": "Zebulon Baird Vance was the governor during the Civil War." }, { "answer": "North Carolina", "id": 146265, "paragraph_support_idx": 18, "question": "In what city did Zebulon Baird Vance die?", "raw_question": "In what city did #1 die?", "statement": "Zebulon Baird Vance died in North Carolina." }, { "answer": "1962", "id": 87556, "paragraph_support_idx": 3, "question": "when was the last time miss North Carolina won miss america", "raw_question": "when was the last time miss #2 won miss america", "statement": "Miss North Carolina won Miss America in 1962." } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The National Assembly, formerly known as the Chamber of Deputies, is the unicameral legislative branch of the government of Djibouti.", "title": "National Assembly (Djibouti)" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "British Somaliland became independent on 26 June 1960 as the State of Somaliland, and the Trust Territory of Somalia (the former Italian Somaliland) followed suit five days later. On 1 July 1960, the two territories united to form the Somali Republic, albeit within boundaries drawn up by Italy and Britain. A government was formed by Abdullahi Issa Mohamud and Muhammad Haji Ibrahim Egal other members of the trusteeship and protectorate governments, with Haji Bashir Ismail Yusuf as President of the Somali National Assembly, Aden Abdullah Osman Daar as the President of the Somali Republic and Abdirashid Ali Shermarke as Prime Minister (later to become President from 1967 to 1969). On 20 July 1961 and through a popular referendum, the people of Somalia ratified a new constitution, which was first drafted in 1960. In 1967, Muhammad Haji Ibrahim Egal became Prime Minister, a position to which he was appointed by Shermarke. Egal would later become the President of the autonomous Somaliland region in northwestern Somalia.", "title": "Somalis" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Region Broadcaster Ref. Caribbean Countries / Territories Antigua & Barbuda Anguilla Aruba Barbados Belize British Virgin Islands Cayman Islands Curaçao Dominican Republic Grenada Guyana Haiti Montserrat St. Lucia St. Kitts & Nevis St. Vincent & the Grenadines Turks and Caicos U.S. Virgin Islands DirecTV Indian subcontinent Countries Bhutan India Maldives Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka Sony Pictures Networks Middle East and North Africa Countries Algeria Bahrain Comoros Djibouti Egypt Iran Iraq Jordan Kuwait Lebanon Libya Mauritania Oman Palestinian Authority Qatar Saudi Arabia Somalia South Sudan Sudan Syria Tunisia United Arab Emirates Yemen KAN, beIN Sports Oceania Countries / Territories Cook Islands Fiji Kiribati Micronesia Nauru Palau Papua New Guinea Samoa Solomon Islands Tonga Tuvalu Vanuatu Sky Pacific Sub-Saharan Africa Countries Angola Benin Botswana Burkina Faso Burundi Cameroon Cape Verde Central African Republic Chad Congo Côte d'Ivoire DR Congo Equatorial Guinea Eritrea Ethiopia Gabon Gambia Ghana Guinea Guinea - Bissau Kenya Lesotho Liberia Madagascar Malawi Mali Mauritius Mozambique Namibia Niger Nigeria Rwanda Senegal Seychelles Sierra Leone Swaziland Tanzania Togo Uganda Zambia Zimbabwe Kwesé Sports, SuperSport, StarTimes, Canal+", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup broadcasting rights" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Horn of Africa Countries and territories Djibouti Eritrea Ethiopia Somalia Major regional organizations Arab League, Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa, Community of Sahel - Saharan States, Intergovernmental Authority on Development Population 122,618,170 (2016 est.) Area 1,882,757 km Languages Afar Arabic Amharic French Oromo Somali Tigrinya Religion Islam, Christianity, traditional faiths Time zones UTC + 03: 00 Currency Djiboutian franc Eritrean nakfa Ethiopian birr Somali shilling Capitals Addis Ababa (Ethiopia) Asmara (Eritrea) Djibouti (Djibouti) Mogadishu (Somalia) Total GDP (PPP) $247.751 billion (2016) Total GDP (nominal) $102,057 billion (2016)", "title": "Horn of Africa" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "During the Middle Ages, the Eritrea region was known as Medri Bahri (\"sea-land\"). The name Eritrea is derived from the ancient Greek name for Red Sea (Ἐρυθρὰ Θάλασσα Erythra Thalassa, based on the adjective ἐρυθρός erythros \"red\"). It was first formally adopted in 1890, with the formation of Italian Eritrea (Colonia Eritrea). The territory became the Eritrea Governorate within Italian East Africa in 1936. Eritrea was annexed by Ethiopia in 1953 (nominally within a federation until 1962) and an Eritrean Liberation Front formed in 1960. Eritrea gained independence following the 1993 referendum, and the name of the new state was defined as State of Eritrea in the 1997 constitution.[citation needed]", "title": "Eritrea" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In the late 19th century, after the Berlin conference had ended, European empires sailed with their armies to the Horn of Africa. The imperial clouds wavering over Somalia alarmed the Dervish leader Mohammed Abdullah Hassan, who gathered Somali soldiers from across the Horn of Africa and began one of the longest anti-colonial wars ever. The Dervish State successfully repulsed the British empire four times and forced it to retreat to the coastal region. As a result of its successes against the British, the Dervish State received support from the Ottoman and German empires. The Turks also named Hassan Emir of the Somali nation, and the Germans promised to officially recognize any territories the Dervishes were to acquire. After a quarter of a century of holding the British at bay, the Dervishes were finally defeated in 1920, when Britain for the first time in Africa used airplanes to bomb the Dervish capital of Taleex. As a result of this bombardment, former Dervish territories were turned into a protectorate of Britain. Italy similarly faced the same opposition from Somali Sultans and armies and did not acquire full control of parts of modern Somalia until the Fascist era in late 1927. This occupation lasted till 1941 and was replaced by a British military administration.", "title": "Somalis" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Horseed FC is a Somali football club based in Horseed, Somalia. It is seven times champion of the Somalia League. A team of the Armed Forces of Somalia, Horseed SC was among the most formidable and recognized football clubs in the country. After the civil war broke out, it discontinued operations, but has been revived in 2013 by Gen Dahir Aden elmi Commander of the Somalia Armed Forces. Gen Elmi revived all the different teams of Horseed Sports Club with emphasis on the Football Team which again began to compete in the Somalia Serie A league.", "title": "Horseed FC" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "South Africa, officially the Republic of South Africa (RSA), is the southernmost country in Africa. It is bounded to the south by 2,798 kilometres (1,739 mi) of coastline of Southern Africa stretching along the South Atlantic and Indian Oceans; to the north by the neighbouring countries of Namibia, Botswana, and Zimbabwe; and to the east and northeast by Mozambique and Swaziland (Eswatini); and it surrounds the kingdom of Lesotho. South Africa is the largest country in Southern Africa and the 25th - largest country in the world by land area and, with close to 56 million people, is the world's 24th-most populous nation. It is the southernmost country on the mainland of the Old World or the Eastern Hemisphere. About 80 percent of South Africans are of Sub-Saharan African ancestry, divided among a variety of ethnic groups speaking different African languages, nine of which have official status. The remaining population consists of Africa's largest communities of European (white), Asian (Indian), and multiracial (Coloured) ancestry.", "title": "South Africa" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Somali people in the Horn of Africa are divided among different countries (Somalia, Djibouti, Ethiopia, and northeastern Kenya) that were artificially and some might say arbitrarily partitioned by the former imperial powers. Pan-Somalism is an ideology that advocates the unification of all ethnic Somalis once part of Somali empires such as the Ajuran Empire, the Adal Sultanate, the Gobroon Dynasty and the Dervish State under one flag and one nation. The Siad Barre regime actively promoted Pan-Somalism, which eventually led to the Ogaden War between Somalia on one side, and Ethiopia, Cuba and the Soviet Union on the other.", "title": "Somalis" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Malka Mari is a settlement in Kenya's Eastern Province. Owed to its high concentration of wildlife, Malkamari National Park was gazetted in the year 1989. The park is situated along the Kenya-Ethiopia border along the Daua River. The river is in the extreme north eastern part of the country on the Mandera plateau. The climate in Malkamari National Park is hot and dry, implying that the area scrubby and semi arid grassland is dominant. The Daua River is surrounded by palms and riparian woodland.", "title": "Malka Mari" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Somalia (/ səˈmɑːliə / so - MAH - lee - ə; Somali: Soomaaliya; Arabic: الصومال ‎, translit. aṣ - Ṣūmāl), officially the Federal Republic of Somalia (Somali: Jamhuuriyadda Federaalka Soomaaliya; Arabic: جمهورية الصومال الفيدرالية ‎, translit. Jumhūrīyat aṣ - Ṣūmāl al - Fidirālīyah), is a sovereign state with its territory located in the Horn of Africa. It is bordered by Ethiopia to the west, Djibouti to the northwest, the Gulf of Aden to the north, the Guardafui Channel and Indian Ocean to the east, and Kenya to the southwest. It is separated from Socotra by the Guardafui Channel in the northeast. Somalia has the longest coastline on Africa's mainland, and its terrain consists mainly of plateaus, plains and highlands. Climatically, hot conditions prevail year - round, with periodic monsoon winds and irregular rainfall.", "title": "Somalia" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Bab - el - Mandeb (Arabic: باب المندب, lit. ``Gate of Tears '') is a strait located between Yemen on the Arabian Peninsula, and Djibouti and Eritrea in the Horn of Africa. It connects the Red Sea to the Gulf of Aden.", "title": "Bab-el-Mandeb" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "NationLink Telecom was founded in September 1997 by Abdirizak Ido, a Somali businessman currently serving as the company's President. The firm is one of the leading telecommunications service providers (TSP) in Somalia and offers its services throughout the country.", "title": "NationLink Telecom" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The textile-making communities in Somalia are a continuation of an ancient textile industry, as is the culture of wood carving, pottery and monumental architecture that dominates Somali interiors and landscapes. The cultural diffusion of Somali commercial enterprise can be detected in its cuisine, which contains Southeast Asian influences. Due to the Somali people's passionate love for and facility with poetry, Somalia has often been referred to by scholars as a \"Nation of Poets\" and a \"Nation of Bards\" including, among others, the Canadian novelist Margaret Laurence.", "title": "Somalis" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Somalis in the United Kingdom include British citizens and residents born in, or with ancestors from, Somalia. It is thought that the United Kingdom (UK) is home to the largest Somali community in Europe, with an estimated 98,000 Somali - born immigrants residing in the UK in 2016 according to the Office for National Statistics. The majority of these live in England, with the largest number found in London. Smaller Somali communities exist in Birmingham, Bristol, Manchester, Liverpool, Leicester, Milton Keynes, Sheffield and Cardiff.", "title": "Somalis in the United Kingdom" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "South Africa, officially the Republic of South Africa (RSA), is the southernmost country in Africa. It is bounded on the south by 2,798 kilometres (1,739 mi) of coastline of Southern Africa stretching along the South Atlantic and Indian Oceans; on the north by the neighbouring countries of Namibia, Botswana, and Zimbabwe; and on the east and northeast by Mozambique and Swaziland; and surrounds the kingdom of Lesotho. South Africa is the largest country in Southern Africa and the 25th - largest country in the world by land area and, with close to 56 million people, is the world's 24th-most populous nation. It is the southernmost country on the mainland of the Old World or the Eastern Hemisphere. About 80 percent of South Africans are of Sub-Saharan African ancestry, divided among a variety of ethnic groups speaking different African languages, nine of which have official status. The remaining population consists of Africa's largest communities of African (black), European (white), Asian (Indian), and multiracial (coloured) ancestry.", "title": "South Africa" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ottoman Turkish was the official language of the Empire. It was an Oghuz Turkic language highly influenced by Persian and Arabic. The Ottomans had several influential languages: Turkish, spoken by the majority of the people in Anatolia and by the majority of Muslims of the Balkans except in Albania and Bosnia; Persian, only spoken by the educated; Arabic, spoken mainly in Arabia, North Africa, Iraq, Kuwait, the Levant and parts of the Horn of Africa; and Somali throughout the Horn of Africa. In the last two centuries, usage of these became limited, though, and specific: Persian served mainly as a literary language for the educated, while Arabic was used for religious rites.", "title": "Ottoman Empire" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Football is the most popular sport amongst Somalis. Important competitions are the Somalia League and Somalia Cup. The multi-ethnic Ocean Stars, Somalia's national team, first participated at the Olympic Games in 1972 and has sent athletes to compete in most Summer Olympic Games since then. The equally diverse Somali beach soccer team also represents the country in international beach soccer competitions. In addition, several international footballers such as Mohammed Ahamed Jama, Liban Abdi, Ayub Daud and Abdisalam Ibrahim have played in European top divisions.", "title": "Somalis" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The oldest evidence of burial customs in the Horn of Africa comes from cemeteries in Somalia dating back to 4th millennium BC. The stone implements from the Jalelo site in northern Somalia are said to be the most important link in evidence of the universality in palaeolithic times between the East and the West.", "title": "Somalis" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Djibouti ( (listen) jih-BOO-tee; Afar: Yibuuti, Arabic: جيبوتي‎ Jībūtī, French: Djibouti, Somali: Jabuuti, officially the Republic of Djibouti) is a country located in the Horn of Africa. It is bordered by Eritrea in the north, Ethiopia in the west and south, and Somalia in the southeast. The remainder of the border is formed by the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden at the east. Djibouti occupies a total area of 23,200 km2 (8,958 sq mi). The state of Djibouti is predominantly inhabited by two ethnic groups, the Somali and the Afar people, the Somalis being the major ethnic group of the country.", "title": "Djibouti" } ]

[ { "answer": "Djibouti", "id": 656156, "paragraph_support_idx": 0, "question": "National Assembly >> country", "raw_question": "National Assembly >> country", "statement": "The country with the National Assembly is Djibouti." }, { "answer": "Ethiopia", "id": 10383, "paragraph_support_idx": 8, "question": "Along with Kenya, Djibouti and Somalia, in what Horn of Africa country do Somali people live?", "raw_question": "Along with Kenya, #1 and Somalia, in what Horn of Africa country do Somali people live?", "statement": "Somali people live in Ethiopia, along with Kenya, Djibouti, and Somalia." }, { "answer": "1953", "id": 15069, "paragraph_support_idx": 4, "question": "When was Eritrea annexed by Ethiopia ?", "raw_question": "When was Eritrea annexed by #2 ?", "statement": "Eritrea was annexed by Ethiopia in 1953." } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The New York Life Insurance Building, New York, located at 51 Madison Avenue, Manhattan, New York City, across from Madison Square Park, is the headquarters of the New York Life Insurance Company.", "title": "New York Life Building" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Today, about 37% of all Christians live in the Americas, and about 26% live in Europe, 24% of total Christians live in sub-Saharan Africa, about 13% in Asia and the Pacific, and 1% of the world's Christians live in the Middle east and North Africa. About half of all Christians worldwide are Catholic, while more than a third are Protestant (37%). Orthodox communions comprise 12% of the world's Christians. Other Christian groups make up the remainder. Christians make up the majority of the population in 158 countries and territories. 280 million Christian live as a minority.", "title": "Christian" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Grey's Anatomy is an American medical drama television series that premiered on March 27, 2005, on American Broadcasting Company (ABC) as a mid-season replacement. The fictional series focuses on the lives of surgical interns, residents, and attending physicians, as they develop into seasoned doctors while trying to maintain personal lives and relationships. The title is a play on Gray's Anatomy, a classic human anatomy textbook first published in 1858 in London and written by Henry Gray.", "title": "Grey's Anatomy" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Headquartered in Taipei, Taiwan, Kingbright specializes in manufacturing LED-related products. Kingbright operates four production facilities in Shenzhen, China. The company has sales locations at United States, France, Germany, Taiwan, Korea, Japan, Malaysia, Hong Kong, Beijing, Shanghai, and Shenzhen. The company's North American operation is Kingbright USA, located in Los Angeles, California.", "title": "Kingbright" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Woman's Christian Temperance Union Administration Building is a historic building in Evanston, Illinois, United States. It has served as the publishing house and national headquarters of the Woman's Christian Temperance Union since its construction in 1910. The organization had an important role in the national discussion on prohibition and women's suffrage.", "title": "Woman's Christian Temperance Union Administration Building" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Christianity is the most widely practised religion in Galicia, as it has been since its introduction in Late Antiquity, although it lived alongside the old Gallaeci religion for a few centuries. Today about 73% of Galicians identify themselves as Christians. The largest form of Christianity practised in the present day is Catholicism, though only 20% of the population described themselves as active members. The Catholic Church in Galicia has had its primatial seat in Santiago de Compostela since the 12th century.", "title": "Galicia (Spain)" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "WORQ, known by the on-air brand of \"Q90 FM\", is a Christian radio radio station in Green Bay, Wisconsin. The station is owned and operated by Lakeshore Communications, and broadcasts at 90.1 MHz on the FM dial. WORQ is headquartered at 1253 Schuering Rd in suburban De Pere, with its transmitter located in the town of Ledgeview on Scray's Hill. The station is primarily known for its Christian music content (emphasizing contemporary Christian in its playlist), though its schedule also features local and syndicated programming that highlights Christian talk and teaching, along with discussion programming that emphasizes a conservative, evangelical viewpoint on current events.", "title": "WORQ" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The English edition of \"Introduction to Christianity\" was revised in 2000 by Ignatius Press with a new preface by Joseph Ratzinger. A second revised edition was released in 2004 by Ignatius Press.", "title": "Introduction to Christianity" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Pesterminator: The Western Exterminator is a side-scrolling, platform advergame developed by Color Dreams for the Nintendo Entertainment System, in cooperation with the Western Exterminator Company (a privately owned pest control company headquartered in Anaheim, California). Color Dreams published the game in 1990.", "title": "Pesterminator: The Western Exterminator" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "ALMA is a Spanish-language lifestyle magazine published in the United States for the Hispanic community. The magazine was founded in 2005. It focuses mainly on culture, fashion and politics. At the beginning It was published in Argentina ten times a year. The magazine had its headquarters for production and content development in Buenos Aires and had also an office for marketing and advertising sales in Miami, Florida. Later it began to be published by Alma Magazine Corp in Miami. Its target audience is upscale Hispanic adults.", "title": "ALMA Magazine" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The earliest evidence of human habitation in what is now the city of San Francisco dates to 3000 BC. Native Americans who settled in this region found the bay to be a resource for hunting and gathering, leading to the establishment of many small villages. Collectively, these early Native Americans are now known as the Ohlone, and the language they spoke belonged to the Miwok family. Their trade patterns included places as far away as Baja California, the Mojave Desert and Yosemite.", "title": "History of San Francisco" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ross Video Ltd is a privately held Canadian company that designs and manufactures equipment for live event and video production. The company's signature product line is production switchers, or vision mixers, which were the basis for the founding of the company. The company's products are used daily in over 100 countries by broadcast television networks, cable TV networks, sports stadiums, live production companies, government agencies and houses of worship. Ross Video's headquarters and manufacturing operations are located in Iroquois, Ontario, Canada, while their R&D labs are in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.", "title": "Ross Video" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "BMG Music Publishing, which was not part of the Sony BMG merger, was a business of the Bertelsmann Music Group until it was sold to Universal Music Group for €1.63 billion in 2007. Universal then folded the company into Universal Music Publishing Group, and the BMG name was retired. The company was headquartered at 245 Fifth Avenue, 8th Floor New York, New York 10016 and had operations in 36 offices in 25 countries.", "title": "Bertelsmann Music Group" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Hundred Brothers is a 1997 novel by American author Donald Antrim. The substance of the novel consists of the nocturnal reunion of one hundred brothers in the library of their ancestral home, as they attempt to locate and inter the ashes of their deceased father, an insane monarch, drink heavily, and manifest a variety of mildly homicidal sibling rivalries. The novel was a finalist for the PEN/Faulkner Award in 1998. In his introduction to the novel, Jonathan Franzen wrote, \"\"The Hundred Brothers\" is possibly the strangest novel ever published by an American. Its author, Donald Antrim, is arguably more unlike any other living writer than any other living writer.\"", "title": "The Hundred Brothers" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Museum of Human Anatomy Luigi Rolando () is a museum of human anatomy that was founded in 1739 with headquarters in Torino, Italy. It is part of the museum network of the University of Turin and moved to its current location in the Building of the Anatomical Institutes () in 1898.", "title": "Museum of Human Anatomy Luigi Rolando" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Roger and the Rottentrolls (sometimes called The Rottentrolls) is a children's comedy television series made for ITV by The Children's Company, which combined puppets with live action human actors. It was first broadcast on 13 September 1996, and ended on 25 February 2000.", "title": "Roger and the Rottentrolls" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Catholic Art Quarterly (originally the Christian Social Art Quarterly and later Good Work) was the official bulletin of the Catholic Art Association (CAA). Beginning in 1937 under the guidance of founding editor Sister Esther Newport, the magazine was published quarterly for thirty-two years.", "title": "Catholic Art Quarterly" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Transportistas Unidos Mexicanos otherwise known as TUM or TUM Transportistas, is a Mexican Trucking Company based out of Mexico City founded in 1938. TUM operates 18 terminals all over Mexico, with its corporate headquarters located in Mexico City Mexico, and its international headquarters located across from the U.S.' busiest port of entry in Nuevo Laredo, Tamaulipas. TUM carries a fleet of over 1,800 Trucks, 2,500 trailers, and 1,800 drivers making it the largest trucking company in Mexico.", "title": "Transportistas Unidos Mexicanos" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Ignatius Press, named for Saint Ignatius Loyola, founder of the Jesuit Order, is a Catholic publishing house based in San Francisco, California, USA. It was founded in 1978 by Father Joseph Fessio SJ, a Jesuit priest and former pupil of Pope Benedict XVI. In an interview in 1998, Father Fessio said, \"our objective is to support the teachings of the Church\". Ignatius Press also produces \"Catholic World Report\", \"Homiletic and Pastoral Review\", \"Ignatius Insight\" and the blog Ignatius Insight \"Scoop\".", "title": "Ignatius Press" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In the \"Epic of Gilgamesh\", Ninsun is depicted as a human queen who lives in Uruk with her son as king. Since the father of Gilgamesh was former king Lugalbanda, it stands to reason that Ninsun procreated with Lugalbanda to give birth. She assists her son in his adventure by providing him with the meanings of his dream in the beginning.", "title": "Ninsun" } ]

[ { "answer": "Ignatius Press", "id": 150746, "paragraph_support_idx": 7, "question": "What company published Introduction to Christianity?", "raw_question": "What company published Introduction to Christianity?", "statement": "Ignatius Press published Introduction to Christianity." }, { "answer": "San Francisco", "id": 803683, "paragraph_support_idx": 18, "question": "Ignatius Press >> headquarters location", "raw_question": "#1 >> headquarters location", "statement": "Humans began to live in San Francisco." }, { "answer": "3000 BC", "id": 87372, "paragraph_support_idx": 10, "question": "when did humans begin to live in San Francisco", "raw_question": "when did humans begin to live in #2", "statement": "Humans began to live in San Francisco around 3000 BC." } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Virginia is located in Lempira Honduras and shares a border with El Salvador. Many Virginians travel to El Salvador to do their shopping, because the Honduran cities are far away from Virginia.", "title": "Virginia, Lempira" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Canada -- United States border (French: Frontière entre le Canada et les États - Unis), officially known as the International Boundary, is the longest international border in the world between two countries. It is shared between Canada and the United States, the second - and fourth - largest countries by area, respectively. The terrestrial boundary (including portions of maritime boundaries in the Great Lakes, and on the Atlantic, Pacific, and Arctic coasts) is 8,891 kilometres (5,525 mi) long, of which 2,475 kilometres (1,538 mi) is Canada's border with Alaska. Eight Canadian provinces and territories (Yukon, British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, and New Brunswick), and thirteen U.S. states (Alaska, Washington, Idaho, Montana, North Dakota, Minnesota, Michigan, Ohio, Pennsylvania, New York, Vermont, New Hampshire, and Maine) are located along the border.", "title": "Canada–United States border" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Fisher is an unincorporated community in rural Lincoln County, Oregon, United States. Fisher lies along Five Rivers Road, south of its intersection with Oregon Route 34. It is slightly north of the Lincoln–Lane county line in the Siuslaw National Forest. A stream called \"Five Rivers\" flows west through Fisher, about by water from the stream's mouth on the Alsea River. Route 34 runs along the Alsea River between Alsea and Waldport.", "title": "Fisher, Oregon" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Amman Governorate has the largest population of the 12 governorates of Jordan. It borders Zarqa Governorate to the north and north east, the governorates of Balqa and Madaba to the west, Karak and Ma'an governorates to the south. It also shares an international border with Saudi Arabia from the east.", "title": "Amman Governorate" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Canada -- United States border (French: Frontière entre le Canada et les États - Unis), officially known as the International Boundary (French: Frontière internationale), is the longest international border in the world between two countries. It is shared between Canada and the United States, the second - and fourth - largest countries by area, respectively. The terrestrial boundary (including portions of maritime boundaries in the Great Lakes, and on the Atlantic, Pacific, and Arctic coasts) is 8,891 kilometres (5,525 mi) long, of which 2,475 kilometres (1,538 mi) is Canada's border with Alaska. Eight Canadian provinces and territories (Yukon, British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, and New Brunswick), and thirteen U.S. states (Alaska, Washington, Idaho, Montana, North Dakota, Minnesota, Michigan, Ohio, Pennsylvania, New York, Vermont, New Hampshire, and Maine) are located along the border.", "title": "Canada–United States border" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jimma Arjo is one of the woredas in the Oromia Region of Ethiopia. It shares the name of one of the subgroups of the Oromo people, the Jimma Arjo. Part of the Misraq Welega Zone, Jimma Arjo is bordered on the southwest by the Didessa River which separates it from the Illubabor Zone, on the northwest by Diga Leka, on the northeast by Guto Wayu, and on the southeast by Nunu Kumba. The administrative center of this woreda is Arjo.", "title": "Jimma Arjo" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Minsk Voivodeship (, , ) was a unit of administrative division and local government in Grand Duchy of Lithuania since 1566 and later in Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, until the partitions of the Commonwealth in 1793. Centred on the city of Minsk and subordinate to the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, the region continued the traditions – and shared the borders – of several previously existing units of administrative division, notably a separate Duchy of Minsk, annexed by Lithuania in the 13th century. It was replaced with Minsk Governorate in 1793.", "title": "Minsk Voivodeship" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Halfpint Range is a low arcuate mountain range in eastern Nye County and extending into southwest Lincoln County, Nevada. The western portion of the range lies within the Nevada Test Site. Yucca Flat and Plutonium Valley lie to west and Frenchman Flat to the south. The Buried Hills, the Papoose Range and Papoose Lake lie to the east. French Peak () is at the south end and Banded Mountain () lies at the north end of the range.", "title": "Halfpint Range" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mount Bosworth is located in the Canadian Rockies on the border of Alberta and British Columbia. The mountain is situated immediately northwest of Kicking Horse Pass and straddles the shared border of Banff National Park with Yoho National Park. It was named in 1903 after George Morris Bosworth, an executive and long-time employee of the Canadian Pacific Railway.", "title": "Mount Bosworth" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Kon Tum Province lies in the Central Highlands region of Vietnam and shares borders with Laos and Cambodia. It has an area of 9,934 square km and a population of approximately 530,000. The economy is primarily agricultural.", "title": "Kon Tum Province" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The San Lucas AVA is an American Viticultural Area located in Monterey County, California. It is located at the southern end of Salinas Valley, shares an eastern border with the Chalone AVA, and is bordered on the west by the Santa Lucia Range foothills. The appellation has the largest diurnal temperature variation of any of California's AVAs. There is a current petition to designate the San Bernabe vineyard, located at the region's northern end, as its own AVA. The vineyard is currently the world's largest continuous vineyard.", "title": "San Lucas AVA" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Latvia ( or ; , ), officially the Republic of Latvia (, ), is a country in the Baltic region of Northern Europe. Since its independence, Latvia has been referred to as one of the Baltic states. It is bordered by Estonia to the north, Lithuania to the south, Russia to the east, and Belarus to the southeast, and shares a maritime border with Sweden to the west. Latvia has 1,957,200 inhabitants and a territory of . The country has a temperate seasonal climate.", "title": "Latvia" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The county lies in southern Hungary, on the border with Croatia. The River Drava forms part of its southern border, and the River Danube its eastern border. It shares borders with the Hungarian counties Somogy, Tolna, and Bács-Kiskun. The capital of Baranya county is Pécs.", "title": "Baranya County" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mingaladon Township ( ) is located in the northernmost part of Yangon, Myanmar. The township comprises 31 wards, and shares borders with Hmawbi Township in the north, North Okkalapa Township in the east, Insein Township and Shwepyitha Township in the west, and Mayangon Township in the south. Mingaladon is still relatively undeveloped and lacks basic municipal services.", "title": "Mingaladon Township" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Team Number of wins Notes Most recent Western Province 34 Four shared 2017 Northern Transvaal / Blue Bulls 23 Four shared 2009 Transvaal / Gauteng Lions / Golden Lions 11 One shared 2015 Natal / Sharks 7 2013 Orange Free State / Free State Cheetahs 5 One shared 2016 Griqualand West / Griquas 1970 Border / Border Bulldogs Two shared 1934", "title": "Currie Cup" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The city shares a 15-mile (24 km) border with Mexico that includes two border crossings. San Diego hosts the busiest international border crossing in the world, in the San Ysidro neighborhood at the San Ysidro Port of Entry. A second, primarily commercial border crossing operates in the Otay Mesa area; it is the largest commercial crossing on the California-Baja California border and handles the third-highest volume of trucks and dollar value of trade among all United States-Mexico land crossings.", "title": "San Diego" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Oak Lawn is a suburb of Chicago, located southwest of the city. It shares borders with the city in two areas, but is surrounded mostly by other suburbs.", "title": "Oak Lawn, Illinois" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Toquima Range is a mountain range, located primarily in Nye County with a small extension into Lander County, in Nevada, United States. Most of the range is included within the Humboldt-Toiyabe National Forest. The range reaches a maximum elevation of 11,949 feet (3,642 m) at the southern summit of Mount Jefferson. From Hickison Summit on U.S. Route 50, the range runs for approximately 71 miles (115 km) to the south-southwest. To its west are Big Smoky Valley, scenic State Route 376, and the large Toiyabe Range. To the east are remote Monitor Valley and the Monitor Range. Lying to the south of the range are U.S. Route 6 (Nevada) and the community of Tonopah, while to the north is U.S. Route 50 (\"The Loneliest Highway in America\"), leading to the small community of Austin.", "title": "Toquima Range" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Kingdom of Gera (1835 – 1887) was one of the kingdoms in the Gibe region of Ethiopia that emerged in the late 19th century. It shared its northern border with the Kingdom of Gumma, its eastern border with the Kingdom of Gomma, and was separated from the Kingdom of Kaffa to the south by the Gojeb River. With its capital at Chala (Cira), the Gera kingdom's territory corresponds approximately with the modern woreda of Gera.", "title": "Kingdom of Gera" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Poovathani is a small village bordering Malappuram and Palakkad Districts in Kerala, India. It is shared by three grama panchayaths: Thachanattukara, Aliparamba] and Thazhekode.", "title": "Poovathani" } ]

[ { "answer": "Lincoln County", "id": 324253, "paragraph_support_idx": 2, "question": "Fisher >> located in the administrative territorial entity", "raw_question": "Fisher >> located in the administrative territorial entity", "statement": "Fisher is located in Lincoln County." }, { "answer": "Nye County", "id": 365852, "paragraph_support_idx": 7, "question": "Lincoln County >> shares border with", "raw_question": "#1 >> shares border with", "statement": "Lincoln County shares a border with Nye County." }, { "answer": "Lander County", "id": 307099, "paragraph_support_idx": 17, "question": "Nye County >> shares border with", "raw_question": "#2 >> shares border with", "statement": "Nye County shares a border with Lander County." } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Solar water disinfection (SODIS) involves exposing water-filled plastic polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles to sunlight for several hours. Exposure times vary depending on weather and climate from a minimum of six hours to two days during fully overcast conditions. It is recommended by the World Health Organization as a viable method for household water treatment and safe storage. Over two million people in developing countries use this method for their daily drinking water.", "title": "Solar energy" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The curious location on Catalina Island stemmed from Cubs owner William Wrigley Jr.'s then-majority interest in the island in 1919. Wrigley constructed a ballpark on the island to house the Cubs in spring training: it was built to the same dimensions as Wrigley Field. (The ballpark is long gone, but a clubhouse built by Wrigley to house the Cubs exists as the Catalina County Club.) However, by 1951 the team chose to leave Catalina Island and spring training was shifted to Mesa, Arizona. The Cubs' 30-year association with Catalina is chronicled in the book, The Cubs on Catalina, by Jim Vitti . . . which was named International 'Book of the Year' by The Sporting News.", "title": "Chicago Cubs" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "In April and May the wind often comes off Lake Michigan (less than a mile to the east), which means a northeast wind ``blowing in ''to knock down potential home runs and turn them into outs. In the summer, however, or on any warm and breezy day, the wind often comes from the south and the southwest, which means the wind is`` blowing out'' and has the potential to turn normally harmless fly balls into home runs. A third variety is the cross-wind, which typically runs from the left field corner to the right field corner and causes all sorts of havoc. Depending on the direction of the wind, Wrigley can either be one of the friendliest parks in the major leagues for pitchers or among the worst. This makes Wrigley one of the most unpredictable parks in the Major Leagues.", "title": "Wrigley Field" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Historically, Philadelphia sourced its water by the Fairmount Water Works, the nation's first major urban water supply system. In 1909, Water Works was decommissioned as the city transitioned to modern sand filtration methods. Today, the Philadelphia Water Department (PWD) provides drinking water, wastewater collection, and stormwater services for Philadelphia, as well as surrounding counties. PWD draws about 57 percent of its drinking water from the Delaware River and the balance from the Schuylkill River. The public wastewater system consists of three water pollution control plants, 21 pumping stations, and about 3,657 miles of sewers. A 2007 investigation by the Environmental Protection Agency found elevated levels of Iodine-131 in the city's potable water.[citation needed] In 2012, the EPA's readings discovered that the city had the highest readings of I-131 in the nation. The city campaigned against an Associated Press report that the high levels of I-131 were the results of local gas drilling in the Upper Delaware River.[citation needed]", "title": "Philadelphia" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Penna Ahobilam Balancing Reservoir (PABR) is an irrigation project located across Penna River in Anantapur district of Andhra Pradesh state in India. Anantapur city gets its drinking water from the PABR. The reservoir with live storage capacity of 305 million cubic metres is mainly fed by Tungabhadra high level canal originating from the Tungabhadra Dam to the extent of 10 Tmcft water. A 20 MW hydro electric power station is also constructed at the dam site.", "title": "PABR Dam" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Tenochtitlan was founded on an islet in the western part of the lake in the year 1325. Around it, the Aztecs created a large artificial island using a system similar to the creation of chinampas. To overcome the problems of drinking water, the Aztecs built a system of dams to separate the salty waters of the lake from the rain water of the effluents. It also permitted them to control the level of the lake. The city also had an inner system of channels that helped to control the water.", "title": "Lake Texcoco" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Willard Bay is a man-made fresh water reservoir in the Great Salt Lake, in northern Utah. The bay was separated from the Great Salt Lake in 1964, and has since served as a source of irrigation, drinking water, and recreation for the northern Wasatch Front metro area.", "title": "Willard Bay" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Fluoride was first added to the drinking water for the Victorian town of Bacchus Marsh in 1962, with Melbourne beginning fluoridation in 1977. The towns of Portland, Nhill, Port Fairy, Barnawartha, and Kaniva have naturally occurring fluoride in their drinking water. In August 2012 approximately 90% of the Victorian population had access to fluoridated water. The fluoridation of Victoria's drinking water supplies is regulated by the Health (Fluoridation) Act 1973, by the Department of Health.", "title": "Water fluoridation in Australia" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Since 1973 Plymouth has been supplied water by South West Water. Prior to the 1973 take over it was supplied by Plymouth County Borough Corporation. Before the 19th century two leats were built in order to provide drinking water for the town. They carried water from Dartmoor to Plymouth. A watercourse, known as Plymouth or Drake's Leat, was opened on 24 April 1591 to tap the River Meavy. The Devonport Leat was constructed to carry fresh drinking water to the expanding town of Devonport and its ever growing dockyard. It was fed by three Dartmoor rivers: The West Dart, Cowsic and Blackabrook. It seems to have been carrying water since 1797, but it was officially completed in 1801. It was originally designed to carry water to Devonport town, but has since been shortened and now carries water to Burrator Reservoir, which feeds most of the water supply of Plymouth. Burrator Reservoir is located about 5 miles (8 km) north of the city and was constructed in 1898 and expanded in 1928.", "title": "Plymouth" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "A \"lock-in\" is when a pub owner lets drinkers stay in the pub after the legal closing time, on the theory that once the doors are locked, it becomes a private party rather than a pub. Patrons may put money behind the bar before official closing time, and redeem their drinks during the lock-in so no drinks are technically sold after closing time. The origin of the British lock-in was a reaction to 1915 changes in the licensing laws in England and Wales, which curtailed opening hours to stop factory workers from turning up drunk and harming the war effort. Since 1915, the UK licensing laws had changed very little, with comparatively early closing times. The tradition of the lock-in therefore remained. Since the implementation of Licensing Act 2003, premises in England and Wales may apply to extend their opening hours beyond 11 pm, allowing round-the-clock drinking and removing much of the need for lock-ins. Since the smoking ban, some establishments operated a lock-in during which the remaining patrons could smoke without repercussions but, unlike drinking lock-ins, allowing smoking in a pub was still a prosecutable offence.", "title": "Pub" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In season five, Jesse and Rebecca become parents when Becky gives birth to twin boys, Nicky and Alex. Meanwhile, Jesse & The Rippers launch a new song which eventually becomes successful. Joey gets his own show The Legend of Ranger Joe which becomes a success. Danny finds love.", "title": "Full House (season 5)" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Wrigley is a district in Long Beach, California, U.S., which derives its name from William Wrigley Jr., the owner and founder of the famed Wrigley Spearmint Gum Empire in Chicago. It was one of the first communities established in Long Beach. The original subdivision pattern was established in 1905. The area is developed throughout on a gridiron street pattern.", "title": "Wrigley Neighborhood, Long Beach, California" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Rebecca Donaldson Katsopolis (portrayed by Lori Loughlin), is the sarcastic, practical, but very loving and well - educated woman who becomes the love interest and later wife of Jesse Katsopolis. Becky was born in Valentine, Nebraska and decided to pursue journalism as a career while she was in high school. Becky moves to San Francisco to become the co-host of Wake Up, San Francisco, being paired with Danny as her co-host; the two become close friends, although she often quips about Danny's quirks and tendency to ramble in his conversations. She was reluctant to admit her feelings for Jesse at first, but she eventually falls in love with him. The two almost elope in Lake Tahoe in the season two finale ``Luck Be a Lady '', but backed out when Becky realized that she and Jesse were not really ready to get married. They eventually get married (in the second part of the season four episode`` The Wedding'') on Valentine's Day.", "title": "List of Full House and Fuller House characters" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In general in Ireland, water resources are abundant and 83% of drinking water comes from surface water. However, wastage levels were estimated at 800 million litres lost to leaks each day in 2015, while usage levels were calculated at 80 litres per capita per day in 2016. The quality of water from the public mains is usually quite high, with, for example, 98.9% of public water supplies complying with the standards for E. coli levels in 2004. However, the microbiological quality of some rural private group water schemes led to Ireland being cited in 2002 by the European Court of Justice for failing to abide by EU drinking water guidelines.", "title": "Water supply and sanitation in the Republic of Ireland" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The water cribs in Chicago are structures built to house and protect offshore water intakes used to supply the City of Chicago with drinking water from Lake Michigan. Water is collected and transported through tunnels located close to 200 feet beneath the lake, varying in shape from circular to oval, and ranging in diameter from 10 to 20 feet. The tunnels lead from the cribs to one of two water purification plants located onshore, the Jardine Water Purification Plant (the world's largest) and the Eugene Sawyer Water Purification Plant, where the water is then treated before being pumped to all parts of the city as well as 118 suburbs.", "title": "Water cribs in Chicago" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In July 2012 a United Nations Special Rapporteur called on the Tuvalu Government to develop a national water strategy to improve access to safe drinking water and sanitation. In 2012, Tuvalu developed a National Water Resources Policy under the Integrated Water Resource Management (IWRM) Project and the Pacific Adaptation to Climate Change (PACC) Project, which are sponsored by the Global Environment Fund/SOPAC. Government water planning has established a target of between 50 and 100L of water per person per day accounting for drinking water, cleaning, community and cultural activities.", "title": "Tuvalu" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Starting in 1984, some of these DJs, inspired by Jesse Saunders' success with \"On and On\", tried their hand at producing and releasing original compositions. These compositions used newly affordable electronic instruments to emulate not just Saunders' song, but the edited, enhanced styles of disco and other dance music they already favored. These homegrown productions were played on Chicago-area radio and in local discothèques catering mainly to African-American and gay audiences. By 1985, although the exact origins of the term are debated, \"house music\" encompassed these locally produced recordings. Subgenres of house, including deep house and acid house, quickly emerged and gained traction.", "title": "House music" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The hypnotic electronic dance song \"On and On\", produced in 1984 by Chicago DJ Jesse Saunders and co-written by Vince Lawrence, had elements that became staples of the early house sound, such as the Roland TB-303 bass synthesizer and minimal vocals as well as a Roland (specifically TR-808) drum machine and Korg (specifically Poly-61) synthesizer. It also utilized the bassline from Player One's disco record \"Space Invaders\" (1979). \"On and On\" is sometimes cited as the 'first house record', though other examples from around that time, such as J.M. Silk's \"Music is the Key\" (1985), have also been cited.", "title": "House music" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Research has generally shown striking uniformity across different cultures in the motives behind teen alcohol use. Social engagement and personal enjoyment appear to play a fairly universal role in adolescents' decision to drink throughout separate cultural contexts. Surveys conducted in Argentina, Hong Kong, and Canada have each indicated the most common reason for drinking among adolescents to relate to pleasure and recreation; 80% of Argentinian teens reported drinking for enjoyment, while only 7% drank to improve a bad mood. The most prevalent answers among Canadian adolescents were to \"get in a party mood,\" 18%; \"because I enjoy it,\" 16%; and \"to get drunk,\" 10%. In Hong Kong, female participants most frequently reported drinking for social enjoyment, while males most frequently reported drinking to feel the effects of alcohol.", "title": "Adolescence" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Carabao Dang Energy Drink (; ) \"Khārābāw dæng\" (\"red water buffalo\") is a Thai energy drink launched in 2002 by Carabao Tawandang Co Ltd. It is now Thailand's second most popular energy drink. It is the key brand of Carabao Tawandang in Thailand, with an estimated 21 percent market share in 2014.", "title": "Carabao Energy Drink" } ]

[ { "answer": "Chicago", "id": 11625, "paragraph_support_idx": 17, "question": "where was jesse saunders from?", "raw_question": "where was jesse saunders from?", "statement": "Jesse Saunders is from Chicago." }, { "answer": "Lake Michigan", "id": 65293, "paragraph_support_idx": 14, "question": "where does Chicago get its drinking water from", "raw_question": "where does #1 get its drinking water from", "statement": "Chicago gets its drinking water from Lake Michigan." }, { "answer": "less than a mile to the east", "id": 48285, "paragraph_support_idx": 2, "question": "how close is wrigley field to Lake Michigan", "raw_question": "how close is wrigley field to #2", "statement": "Wrigley Field is less than a mile to the east of Lake Michigan." } ]

[ "Mile" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mount Tyndall is a mountain that is part of the Tyndall Range, a spur off the West Coast Range, located in the Western region of Tasmania, Australia.", "title": "Mount Tyndall (Tasmania)" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Lewis Range is a mountain range located in the Rocky Mountains of northern Montana, United States and extreme southern Alberta, Canada. It was formed as a result of the Lewis Overthrust, a geologic thrust fault resulted in the overlying of younger Cretaceous rocks by older Proterozoic rocks. The range is located within Waterton Lakes National Park in Alberta, Canada and Glacier National Park and the Bob Marshall Wilderness Complex in Montana, United States. The highest peak is Mount Cleveland at .", "title": "Lewis Range" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Kintla Peak () is part of the Livingston Range in Glacier National Park in the U.S. state of Montana. It is the tallest mountain in the Livingston Range and the third tallest in Glacier National Park. The Agassiz Glacier lies below it to the southeast.", "title": "Kintla Peak" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Henry M. Jackson Wilderness is a designated wilderness area in the state of Washington, United States. The area lies adjacent to the southwest corner of the Glacier Peak Wilderness, northwest of Stevens Pass on U.S. Highway 2 and northeast of the town of Skykomish, Washington. Wild Sky Wilderness is located immediately southwest of the Henry M. Jackson Wilderness. While the wilderness straddles the Cascade Mountain Range, most of it is in the westside ecotype. The wilderness lies in parts of Snoqualmie, Mount Baker, and Wenatchee national forests.", "title": "Henry M. Jackson Wilderness" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mount Mitchell is the highest peak of the Appalachian Mountains and the highest peak in mainland eastern North America. It is located near Burnsville in Yancey County, North Carolina, in the Black Mountain subrange of the Appalachians, and about 19 miles (31 km) northeast of Asheville. It is protected by Mount Mitchell State Park and surrounded by the Pisgah National Forest. Mount Mitchell's elevation is 6,684 feet (2,037 m) above sea level.", "title": "Mount Mitchell" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Moore Pinnacle () is a solitary peak rising to in the southern part of Mount Olympus, in the Britannia Range, Antarctica. In association with Mount Olympus and Byrd Glacier it was named after Captain R.R. Moore, U.S. Navy, commanding officer of , flagship of U.S. Navy Operation Highjump, 1946–47, led by Admiral R.E. Byrd.", "title": "Moore Pinnacle" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mount French is a mountain in South East Queensland, Australia. The mountain rises 579 m above sea level and is part of the Moogerah Peaks National Park. It lies approximately 100 km west of Brisbane in the locality of Mount French west of the town of Boonah in the Scenic Rim Region. Other prominent peaks in the Scenic Rim group of mountains include Mount Edwards, Mount Moon and Mount Greville.", "title": "Mount French (Queensland)" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mount Lopez () is a peak of the Walker Mountains, located east of Landfall Peak in the western part of Thurston Island, Antarctica. It was delineated from aerial photographs taken by U.S. Navy Operation Highjump, 1946–47, and was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names for Ensign Maxwell A. Lopez of the U.S. Navy, a member of the expedition who lost his life in a seaplane crash at Thurston Island on December 30, 1946.", "title": "Mount Lopez" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": ", also known in English as Sentsūzan, is a mountain located on the border of Nichinan, Tottori Prefecture and Okuizumo, Shimane Prefecture. Mount Sentsū has an elevation of and is one of the highest peaks in the Chūgoku Mountain Range and part of the Hiba-Dogo-Taishaku Quasi-National Park. Mount Sentsū was historically on the border of the ancient provinces of Hōki Province and Izumo Province. The base of Mount Sentsū is primarily composed of granite. This granite is a rich source of iron sand, and the mountain was historically known as a source for this material.", "title": "Mount Sentsū" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mount Sir Wilfrid Laurier is the highest peak of the Cariboo Mountains in the east-central interior of British Columbia, Canada. The mountain is part of the Premier Range, which is located just west of Valemount.", "title": "Mount Sir Wilfrid Laurier" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Charles W. Henry School is a historic school located in the Mount Airy neighborhood of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. It is part of the School District of Philadelphia. The building was designed by Henry deCourcy Richards and built by Cramp & Co. in 1906–1908. It is a two-story, 20 bay, red brick building in the Colonial Revival-style. Additions were built in 1949–1950 and 1968. It features arched entryways and limestone trim. It was the scene of a bombing during its construction in 1906.", "title": "Charles W. Henry School" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mount Macalester () is a prominent peak rising to in the central part of the Soholt Peaks, Heritage Range, Ellsworth Mountains, Antarctica. It was mapped by the United States Geological Survey from surveys and U.S. Navy aerial photographs from 1961–66. The peak was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names after Macalester College, the alma mater of Gerald F. Webers, the leader of the United States Antarctic Research Program Ellsworth Mountains Expedition of 1979–80. It was first climbed on December 28, 2013 by Ralf Laier, Pachi Ibarra and Seth Timpano in Alpine style during their traverse of the Soholt Peaks.", "title": "Mount Macalester" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The McDonald Observatory is an astronomical observatory located near the unincorporated community of Fort Davis in Jeff Davis County, Texas, United States. The facility is located on Mount Locke in the Davis Mountains of West Texas, with additional facilities on Mount Fowlkes, approximately to the northeast. The observatory is part of the University of Texas at Austin. It is an organized research unit of the College of Natural Sciences.", "title": "McDonald Observatory" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "McClintock Peak () is located in the Lewis Range, Glacier National Park in the U.S. state of Montana. McClintock Peak is situated along the Continental Divide. The Lake of the Seven Winds sits below the east slopes of the peak and Mount Morgan is to the south.", "title": "McClintock Peak" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mount Gosford is a mountain located in southern Quebec, Canada, at the border with Maine. It lies entirely in Saint-Augustin-de-Woburn in Estrie and is part of the White Mountains of the Appalachians. It is named after Archibald Acheson, 2nd Earl of Gosford, governor general of British North America from 1835 to 1835. It is the 21st highest peak in Quebec and 4th in Southern Quebec.", "title": "Mount Gosford" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Mount Henry () is located in the Lewis Range, Glacier National Park in the U.S. state of Montana. Mount Henry is just south of Appistoki Peak in the Two Medicine region of the park.", "title": "Mount Henry (Montana)" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The or is a mountain range that spans the Fukushima, Niigata and Yamagata prefectures in Japan. Its highest peak is at 2,128m, and the main peak of the range is Mount Iide at 2,105m above sea level. The range contains a number of peaks higher than 2000m and is a part of the Bandai-Asahi National Park.", "title": "Iide Mountains" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mount Filberg is a mountain on Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada, located east of Gold River and northeast of Rambler Peak. It is a member of the Vancouver Island Ranges which in turn form part of the Insular Mountains.", "title": "Mount Filberg" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Stettin is a town in Marathon County, Wisconsin, United States. It is part of the Wausau, Wisconsin Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 2,554 at the 2010 census. The unincorporated community of Mount View is located partially in the town. The ghost town of Stettin was also located in the town.", "title": "Stettin, Wisconsin" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ranu Kumbolo () is a mountainous lake located in Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park, East Java, Indonesia. The lake is part of easiest route from Ranu Pani to Mount Semeru peak.", "title": "Ranu Kumbolo" } ]

[ { "answer": "Montana", "id": 131479, "paragraph_support_idx": 2, "question": "Which state is Kintla Peak located?", "raw_question": "Which state is Kintla Peak located?", "statement": "Kintla Peak is located in Montana." }, { "answer": "Lewis Range", "id": 587553, "paragraph_support_idx": 15, "question": "Mount Henry (Montana ) >> part of", "raw_question": "Mount Henry (#1 ) >> part of", "statement": "Mount Henry is part of the Lewis Range." }, { "answer": "Rocky Mountains", "id": 527472, "paragraph_support_idx": 1, "question": "Lewis Range >> part of", "raw_question": "#2 >> part of", "statement": "The Lewis Range is part of the Rocky Mountains." } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Safe Drinking Water Act Long title An Act to amend the Public Health Service Act to assure that the public is provided with safe drinking water, and for other purposes Nicknames SDWA Enacted by the 93rd United States Congress Effective December 16, 1974 Citations Public law Pub. L. 93 - 523 Statutes at Large 88 Stat. 1660 (1974) Codification Titles amended 42 U.S.C. sections created 42 U.S.C. § 300f Legislative history Introduced in the Senate as S. 433 by Warren Magnuson (D -- WA) on January 18, 1973 Committee consideration by Senate Commerce, House Commerce Passed the Senate on June 22, 1973 Passed the House on November 19, 1974 (296 - 84 as H.R. 13002) with amendment Senate agreed to House amendment on November 26, 1974 () with further amendment House agreed to Senate amendment on December 3, 1974 () Signed into law by President Gerald Ford on December 16, 1974 Major amendments Safe Drinking Water Act Amendments of 1986, Safe Drinking Water Act Amendments of 1996", "title": "Safe Drinking Water Act" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Canada has 7% of the world's renewable supply of freshwater. Freshwater export between Canada and the US currently takes place at a small scale, mostly as bottled water exports. The bottled water industry exports water in containers usually no larger than twenty litres. But even that can be controversial - the multinational food giant Nestle was accused of attempting to ``drain ''the town of Hillsburgh, Ontario, of its water in 2012 and 2013, during a drought.", "title": "Water export" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Penna Ahobilam Balancing Reservoir (PABR) is an irrigation project located across Penna River in Anantapur district of Andhra Pradesh state in India. Anantapur city gets its drinking water from the PABR. The reservoir with live storage capacity of 305 million cubic metres is mainly fed by Tungabhadra high level canal originating from the Tungabhadra Dam to the extent of 10 Tmcft water. A 20 MW hydro electric power station is also constructed at the dam site.", "title": "PABR Dam" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In July 2012 a United Nations Special Rapporteur called on the Tuvalu Government to develop a national water strategy to improve access to safe drinking water and sanitation. In 2012, Tuvalu developed a National Water Resources Policy under the Integrated Water Resource Management (IWRM) Project and the Pacific Adaptation to Climate Change (PACC) Project, which are sponsored by the Global Environment Fund/SOPAC. Government water planning has established a target of between 50 and 100L of water per person per day accounting for drinking water, cleaning, community and cultural activities.", "title": "Tuvalu" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Canal de l'Aqueduc is an open-air aqueduct canal on the Island of Montreal in Quebec, Canada, serving part of the drinking water needs of the city of Montreal.", "title": "Canal de l'Aqueduc" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Since 1973 Plymouth has been supplied water by South West Water. Prior to the 1973 take over it was supplied by Plymouth County Borough Corporation. Before the 19th century two leats were built in order to provide drinking water for the town. They carried water from Dartmoor to Plymouth. A watercourse, known as Plymouth or Drake's Leat, was opened on 24 April 1591 to tap the River Meavy. The Devonport Leat was constructed to carry fresh drinking water to the expanding town of Devonport and its ever growing dockyard. It was fed by three Dartmoor rivers: The West Dart, Cowsic and Blackabrook. It seems to have been carrying water since 1797, but it was officially completed in 1801. It was originally designed to carry water to Devonport town, but has since been shortened and now carries water to Burrator Reservoir, which feeds most of the water supply of Plymouth. Burrator Reservoir is located about 5 miles (8 km) north of the city and was constructed in 1898 and expanded in 1928.", "title": "Plymouth" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The shift in the Cubs' fortunes was characterized June 23 on the \"NBC Saturday Game of the Week\" contest against the St. Louis Cardinals. it has since been dubbed simply \"The Sandberg Game.\" With the nation watching and Wrigley Field packed, Sandberg emerged as a superstar with not one, but two game-tying home runs against Cardinals closer Bruce Sutter. With his shots in the 9th and 10th innings Wrigley Field erupted and Sandberg set the stage for a comeback win that cemented the Cubs as the team to beat in the East. No one would catch them, except the Padres in the playoffs.", "title": "Chicago Cubs" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The water cribs in Chicago are structures built to house and protect offshore water intakes used to supply the City of Chicago with drinking water from Lake Michigan. Water is collected and transported through tunnels located close to 200 feet beneath the lake, varying in shape from circular to oval, and ranging in diameter from 10 to 20 feet. The tunnels lead from the cribs to one of two water purification plants located onshore, the Jardine Water Purification Plant (the world's largest) and the Eugene Sawyer Water Purification Plant, where the water is then treated before being pumped to all parts of the city as well as 118 suburbs.", "title": "Water cribs in Chicago" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "In April and May the wind often comes off Lake Michigan (less than a mile to the east), which means a northeast wind ``blowing in ''to knock down potential home runs and turn them into outs. In the summer, however, or on any warm and breezy day, the wind often comes from the south and the southwest, which means the wind is`` blowing out'' and has the potential to turn normally harmless fly balls into home runs. A third variety is the cross-wind, which typically runs from the left field corner to the right field corner and causes all sorts of havoc. Depending on the direction of the wind, Wrigley can either be one of the friendliest parks in the major leagues for pitchers or among the worst. This makes Wrigley one of the most unpredictable parks in the Major Leagues.", "title": "Wrigley Field" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Research has generally shown striking uniformity across different cultures in the motives behind teen alcohol use. Social engagement and personal enjoyment appear to play a fairly universal role in adolescents' decision to drink throughout separate cultural contexts. Surveys conducted in Argentina, Hong Kong, and Canada have each indicated the most common reason for drinking among adolescents to relate to pleasure and recreation; 80% of Argentinian teens reported drinking for enjoyment, while only 7% drank to improve a bad mood. The most prevalent answers among Canadian adolescents were to \"get in a party mood,\" 18%; \"because I enjoy it,\" 16%; and \"to get drunk,\" 10%. In Hong Kong, female participants most frequently reported drinking for social enjoyment, while males most frequently reported drinking to feel the effects of alcohol.", "title": "Adolescence" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Carabao Dang Energy Drink (; ) \"Khārābāw dæng\" (\"red water buffalo\") is a Thai energy drink launched in 2002 by Carabao Tawandang Co Ltd. It is now Thailand's second most popular energy drink. It is the key brand of Carabao Tawandang in Thailand, with an estimated 21 percent market share in 2014.", "title": "Carabao Energy Drink" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Lucy Eleanor Moderatz (Sandra Bullock) is a lonely fare token collector for the Chicago Transit Authority, stationed at the Randolph / Wabash station. She has a secret crush on a handsome commuter named Peter Callaghan (Peter Gallagher), although they are complete strangers. On Christmas Day, she rescues him from the oncoming Chicago ``L ''train after a group of muggers push him onto the tracks. He falls into a coma, and she accompanies him to the hospital, where a nurse overhears her musing aloud,`` I was going to marry him.'' Misinterpreting her, the nurse tells his family that she is his fiancée.", "title": "While You Were Sleeping (film)" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "An album entitled Take Me Out to a Cubs Game was released in 2008. It is a collection of 17 songs and other recordings related to the team, including Harry Caray's final performance of \"Take Me Out to the Ball Game\" on September 21, 1997, the Steve Goodman song mentioned above, and a newly recorded rendition of \"Talkin' Baseball\" (subtitled \"Baseball and the Cubs\") by Terry Cashman. The album was produced in celebration of the 100th anniversary of the Cubs' 1908 World Series victory and contains sounds and songs of the Cubs and Wrigley Field.", "title": "Chicago Cubs" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "On Founder's Day, Anna gives Jeremy a vial of her blood, telling him that if he drinks it he will die and become a vampire. She goes to the remaining tomb vampires, then reveals their plans to Damon -- possibly to protect Jeremy. Damon warns her about the device; she is protecting Jeremy when John Gilbert sets it off, and was immediately incapacitated. A policeman finds her with Jeremy, injects her with vervain and takes her to the Gilbert building to be burned with other vampires, repeating the 1864 plan to eradicate their kind. When John Gilbert sees Anna lying in the building with the other vampires, he stakes her; her body is burned with the others. Damon sees this and later tells Jeremy how Anna died, regretting that he was n't able to help. Jeremy questions whether it would be better to be a vampire and Damon admits it would be easier to turn the emotions off. Later, Jeremy drinks Anna's blood and takes all of Elena's sleeping pills.", "title": "List of The Vampire Diaries characters" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The curious location on Catalina Island stemmed from Cubs owner William Wrigley Jr.'s then-majority interest in the island in 1919. Wrigley constructed a ballpark on the island to house the Cubs in spring training: it was built to the same dimensions as Wrigley Field. (The ballpark is long gone, but a clubhouse built by Wrigley to house the Cubs exists as the Catalina County Club.) However, by 1951 the team chose to leave Catalina Island and spring training was shifted to Mesa, Arizona. The Cubs' 30-year association with Catalina is chronicled in the book, The Cubs on Catalina, by Jim Vitti . . . which was named International 'Book of the Year' by The Sporting News.", "title": "Chicago Cubs" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Fluoride was first added to the drinking water for the Victorian town of Bacchus Marsh in 1962, with Melbourne beginning fluoridation in 1977. The towns of Portland, Nhill, Port Fairy, Barnawartha, and Kaniva have naturally occurring fluoride in their drinking water. In August 2012 approximately 90% of the Victorian population had access to fluoridated water. The fluoridation of Victoria's drinking water supplies is regulated by the Health (Fluoridation) Act 1973, by the Department of Health.", "title": "Water fluoridation in Australia" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The \"Bleacher Bums\" is a name given to fans, many of whom spend much of the day heckling, who sit in the bleacher section at Wrigley Field. Initially, the group was called \"bums\" because it referred to a group of fans who were at most games, and since those games were all day games, it was assumed they did not work. Many of those fans were, and are still, students at Chicago area colleges, such as DePaul University, Loyola, Northwestern University, and Illinois-Chicago. A Broadway play, starring Joe Mantegna, Dennis Farina, Dennis Franz, and James Belushi ran for years and was based on a group of Cub fans who frequented the club's games. The group was started in 1967 by dedicated fans Ron Grousl, Tom Nall and \"mad bugler\" Mike Murphy, who was a sports radio host during mid days on Chicago-based WSCR AM 670 \"The Score\". Murphy alleges that Grousl started the Wrigley tradition of throwing back opposing teams' home run balls. The current group is headed by Derek Schaul (Derek the Five Dollar Kid). Prior to the 2006 season, they were updated, with new shops and private bar (The Batter's Eye) being added, and Bud Light bought naming rights to the bleacher section, dubbing them the Bud Light Bleachers. Bleachers at Wrigley are general admission, except during the playoffs. The bleachers have been referred to as the \"World's Largest Beer Garden.\" A popular T-shirt (sold inside the park and licensed by the club) which says \"Wrigley Bleachers\" on the front and the phrase \"Shut Up and Drink Your Beer\" on the reverse fuels this stereotype.", "title": "Chicago Cubs" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In general in Ireland, water resources are abundant and 83% of drinking water comes from surface water. However, wastage levels were estimated at 800 million litres lost to leaks each day in 2015, while usage levels were calculated at 80 litres per capita per day in 2016. The quality of water from the public mains is usually quite high, with, for example, 98.9% of public water supplies complying with the standards for E. coli levels in 2004. However, the microbiological quality of some rural private group water schemes led to Ireland being cited in 2002 by the European Court of Justice for failing to abide by EU drinking water guidelines.", "title": "Water supply and sanitation in the Republic of Ireland" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Another unofficial but much more well-known mascot is Ronnie \"Woo Woo\" Wickers who is a longtime fan and local celebrity in the Chicago area. He is known to Wrigley Field visitors for his idiosyncratic cheers at baseball games, generally punctuated with an exclamatory \"Woo!\" (e.g., \"Cubs, woo! Cubs, woo! Big-Z, woo! Zambrano, woo! Cubs, woo!\") Longtime Cubs announcer Harry Caray dubbed Wickers \"Leather Lungs\" for his ability to shout for hours at a time. He is not employed by the team, although the club has on two separate occasions allowed him into the broadcast booth and allow him some degree of freedom once he purchases or is given a ticket by fans to get into the games. He is largely allowed to roam the park and interact with fans by Wrigley Field security.", "title": "Chicago Cubs" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Living in South Ferriby, North Lincolnshire, Clark worked as a deputy headteacher. In 1982, she joined the Ecology Party, following concerns about nitrate levels in drinking water. At the 1989 European election, she stood in Humberside, taking 14% of the votes cast.", "title": "Jan Clark" } ]

[ { "answer": "Chicago", "id": 48942, "paragraph_support_idx": 11, "question": "where does while you were sleeping take place", "raw_question": "where does while you were sleeping take place", "statement": "While You Were Sleeping takes place in Chicago." }, { "answer": "Lake Michigan", "id": 65293, "paragraph_support_idx": 7, "question": "where does Chicago get its drinking water from", "raw_question": "where does #1 get its drinking water from", "statement": "Chicago gets its drinking water from Lake Michigan." }, { "answer": "less than a mile to the east", "id": 48285, "paragraph_support_idx": 8, "question": "how close is wrigley field to Lake Michigan", "raw_question": "how close is wrigley field to #2", "statement": "Wrigley Field is less than a mile to the east of Lake Michigan." } ]

[ "Mile" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country.", "title": "Bogotá" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Pepperdine Law Review is a student-edited law journal published by the Pepperdine University School of Law. It is available on Westlaw and LexisNexis.", "title": "Pepperdine Law Review" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Indian Journal of Law and Technology is an annual peer-reviewed law journal published by the Students Bar Association at the National Law School of India University (Bangalore, India).", "title": "Indian Journal of Law and Technology" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In Austria, the Austrian Constitution of 1920 (based on a draft by Hans Kelsen) introduced judicial review of legislative acts for their constitutionality. This function is performed by the Constitutional Court (Verfassungsgerichtshof), which is also charged with the review of administrative acts on whether they violate constitutionally guaranteed rights. Other than that, administrative acts are reviewed by the Administrative Court (Verwaltungsgerichtshof). The Supreme Court (Oberste Gerichtshof (OGH)), stands at the top of Austria's system of \"ordinary courts\" (ordentliche Gerichte) as the final instance in issues of private law and criminal law.", "title": "Supreme court" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Entropy is a monthly peer-reviewed open access scientific journal covering research on all aspects of entropy and information theory. It was established in 1999 and is published by MDPI. The journal regularly publishes special issues compiled by guest editors. The editor-in-chief is Kevin H. Knuth (University at Albany, SUNY).", "title": "Entropy (journal)" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Reviews in American History is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal established in 1973 and published by the Johns Hopkins University Press. It publishes reviews of new books on the topic of American history, as well as retrospectives on influential titles of the past. All areas of American history, including political, military, economic, gender, religious, social, cultural, legal, intellectual, artistic, and philosophical, are covered. The current editor-in-chief is Thomas P. Slaughter of the University of Rochester.", "title": "Reviews in American History" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Syracuse Law Review, established in 1949, is an intense legal research and writing program for student editors at Syracuse University College of Law and a national forum for legal scholars who contribute to it. The editorial board publishes four Law Review issues annually, one of which is the Annual Survey of New York Law.", "title": "Syracuse Law Review" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The American Criminal Law Review is a student-edited scholarly journal published at Georgetown University Law Center. The ACLR is a journal of American criminal law and white-collar crime.", "title": "American Criminal Law Review" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Theoretical Inquiries in Law is a biannual peer-reviewed Israeli law journal published by Tel Aviv University. It is the only English law journal published by the school, and one out of two published in English in Israel, alongside Israel Law Review.", "title": "Theoretical Inquiries in Law" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Khabarovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It consists of two unconnected segments separated by the territory of Amursky District, which are located in the southwest of the krai. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Khabarovsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population:", "title": "Khabarovsky District" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Biysky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai and borders with Zonalny, Tselinny, Soltonsky, Krasnogorsky, Sovetsky, and Smolensky Districts, as well as with the territory of the City of Biysk. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Biysk (which is not administratively a part of the district). District's population:", "title": "Biysky District" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Albany Law Review is a quarterly law review edited by students at Albany Law School. The Albany Law Review is one of three student-edited law journals published by the school. The other journals are the Albany Law Journal of Science and Technology and the Albany Government Law Review.", "title": "Albany Law Review" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Rochester (/ ˈrɒtʃɪstər, ˈrɒtʃɛstər /) is a city on the southern shore of Lake Ontario in western New York. With a population of 208,880 residents, Rochester is the seat of Monroe County and the third most populous city in New York state, after New York City and Buffalo. The metropolitan area has a population of just over 1 million people.", "title": "Rochester, New York" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Temple Law Review is a student-edited law review, sponsored by the Temple University Beasley School of Law. The journal is \"dedicated to providing a forum for the expression of new legal thought and scholarly commentary on important developments, trends, and issues in the law.\" Publishing continuously since 1927, Temple Law Review is one of three student journals at Temple University Beasley School of Law. Four issues are printed each year, with the Summer issue traditionally focusing on scholarly materials presented during that year's Symposium. Temple Law Review also publishes \"Temple Law Review Online\", a supplement for \"scholarly works that are shorter than the traditional law review article, involve time-sensitive topics, or directly respond to materials published in Temple Law Review's printed issues.\"", "title": "Temple Law Review" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics is an annual peer reviewed scientific journal published by Annual Reviews. The editors-in-chief are Sandra M. Faber (University of California, Santa Cruz) and Ewine van Dishoeck (Sterrewacht Leiden). The journal reviews scientific literature pertaining to local and distant celestial entities throughout the observable universe, as well as cosmology, instrumentation, techniques, and the history of developments. It was established in 1963.", "title": "Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The \"Michigan Raw Review\", a parody of the \"Michigan Law Review\", was published annually by the Barristers Society, a self-styled honorary at the University of Michigan Law School. The \"Raw Review\" used the same cover, layout, and typeface, but contained content totally dissimilar, leaning to the \"insulting and semi-pornographic\".", "title": "Michigan Law Review" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Columbia Law Review is a law review edited and published by students at Columbia Law School. The journal publishes scholarly articles, essays, and student notes.", "title": "Columbia Law Review" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Mississippi Law Journal is a law review published at the University of Mississippi School of Law. It was established in 1928 by the Mississippi Bar Association and is the state's longest running law review. Originally published with the subtitle \"Journal of the State Bar Association,\" the \"Mississippi Law Journal\" is now independently published and is funded and operated almost exclusively through the income of its case briefing service, which provides succinct synopses of the decisions of the Mississippi Supreme Court and Mississippi Court of Appeals.", "title": "Mississippi Law Journal" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Fordham Urban Law Journal is a student-run law review published at Fordham University School of Law. The journal publishes articles on a wide range of themes, with a focus on public policy and issues affecting urban areas.", "title": "Fordham Urban Law Journal" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "He was buried in Albany Rural Cemetery in Menands, New York, later to be joined by his wife, Harriette Maria Arnold (December 13, 1839 - July 25, 1917). They both outlived both of their sons: Henry Arnold (August 6, 1868 – February 16, 1907) and Rufus W. Jr. (January 28, 1870 – September 16, 1899). Mrs. Peckham was also the paternal aunt of heiress Dorothy Arnold, whose disappearance on December 12, 1910 was referenced, in 1928, as \"the great search of the age\" by United Press Associations (now UPI).", "title": "Rufus W. Peckham" } ]

[ { "answer": "Albany Law School", "id": 151117, "paragraph_support_idx": 11, "question": "What is the publisher of Albany Law Review?", "raw_question": "What is the publisher of Albany Law Review?", "statement": "The Albany Law Review is published by Albany Law School." }, { "answer": "New York", "id": 466051, "paragraph_support_idx": 19, "question": "Albany Law School >> located in the administrative territorial entity", "raw_question": "#1 >> located in the administrative territorial entity", "statement": "Albany Law School is located in the state of New York." }, { "answer": "western New York", "id": 82685, "paragraph_support_idx": 12, "question": "what part of New York is rochester in", "raw_question": "what part of #2 is rochester in", "statement": "Rochester is located in western New York." } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The first casino to be built on Highway 91 was the Pair - o - Dice Club in 1931, but the first resort on what is currently the Strip was the El Rancho Vegas, opening on April 3, 1941, with 63 rooms. That casino / resort stood for almost 20 years before being destroyed by a fire in 1960. Its success spawned a second hotel on what would become the Strip, the Hotel Last Frontier in 1942. Organized crime figures such as New York's Bugsy Siegel took interest in the growing gaming center leading to other resorts such as the Flamingo, which opened in 1946, and the Desert Inn, which opened in 1950. The funding for many projects was provided through the American National Insurance Company, which was based in the then notorious gambling empire of Galveston, Texas.", "title": "Las Vegas Strip" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Pieck Range () is a short mountain range surmounted by Zwiesel Mountain, located at the east side of Humboldt Graben in the Petermann Ranges, Wohlthat Mountains in Antarctica.", "title": "Pieck Range" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Rousseau Range is a small mountain range in southeastern Alaska, United States, located just north of the Peabody Mountains. It has an area of 264 km and is a subrange of the Boundary Ranges which in turn form part of the Coast Mountains. The range is located entirely within Misty Fjords National Monument.", "title": "Rousseau Range" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Round Mountain, one of three peaks of the same name in the region, is a mountain located on the Main Range of the Snowy Mountains, part of the Great Dividing Range, in southeastern New South Wales, Australia.", "title": "Round Mountain (Snowy Mountains)" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Tote Hotel (1980) is a hotel, pub, bar and music venue on 71 Johnston Street, the corner of Johnston and Wellington Streets, in Collingwood, an inner city suburb of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. The first hotel was built sometime in the mid-19th century and in 1876 the Ivanhoe Hotel opened on the site and remained operating until the name change to \"The Tote\" in 1980 when the venue began hosting local and Australian punk, post-punk, heavy metal and hardcore bands.", "title": "The Tote Hotel" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Because of its location in South Jersey, hugging the Atlantic Ocean between marshlands and islands, Atlantic City was viewed by developers as prime real estate and a potential resort town. In 1853, the first commercial hotel, The Belloe House, located at Massachusetts and Atlantic Avenue, was built.", "title": "Atlantic City, New Jersey" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Bruneau Range is a mountain range in Elko County, Nevada, United States. It is contained within the Mountain City Ranger District of the Humboldt-Toiyabe National Forest. The range is considered to be a sub-range of the Jarbidge Mountains.", "title": "Bruneau Range" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Wild Horse Range is a mountain range in Elko County, Nevada, United States, northwest of the Owyhee River's Wild Horse Reservoir. It is contained within the Mountain City Ranger District of the Humboldt-Toiyabe National Forest. The range is considered to be a sub-range of the Jarbidge Mountains.", "title": "Wild Horse Range" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Poseidonion Grand Hotel () is a luxury hotel in Greece, one of the most luxurious in southeastern Europe. It is located in the island of Spetses and has been a landmark on the Spetses skyline for nearly a century with its exceptional architecture echoing hotels of Côte d'Azur style.", "title": "Poseidonion Grand Hotel" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Virginian Hotel is a historic hotel in Medicine Bow, Wyoming, United States. Construction on the hotel began in 1901 and was completed in 1911. It was built by August Grimm, the first mayor of Medicine Bow, and his partner George Plummer. The hotel is thought to be named for the famous novel written in Medicine Bow, \"The Virginian\" by Owen Wister. Although it provided a place for cowboys and railroad workers to stay while they were in town, the hotel was actually built to serve a much broader clientele. It became a headquarters for all to meet and eat as well as a setting for many business dealings.", "title": "Virginian Hotel (Medicine Bow, Wyoming)" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "A major part of Southern Nevada's economy is based on tourism, including gambling. The primary drivers of the Las Vegas economy have been the confluence of tourism, gaming, and conventions which in turn feed the retail and dining industries. The city serves as world headquarters for the world's two largest Fortune 500 gaming companies, Harrah's Entertainment and MGM Mirage.", "title": "Southern Nevada" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Hotel Galvez is a historic hotel located in Galveston, Texas, United States that opened in 1911. The building was named the Galvez, honoring Bernardo de Gálvez, 1st Viscount of Galveston, for whom the city was named. The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places on April 4, 1979.", "title": "Hotel Galvez" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Trident, Chennai is a five-star hotel located on GST Road at Meenambakkam, Chennai, India, directly across GST Road from the Chennai International Airport, about 20 minutes from the Chennai city centre. Managed by the Oberoi Group of Hotels, the hotel is built on of land and is the first airport hotel of the city. It is also the registered office of the EIH Associated Hotels Limited.", "title": "Trident, Chennai" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Humboldt Township is one of twelve townships in Humboldt County, Iowa, USA. As of the 2000 census, its population was 624. Despite its name, the township does not contain the City of Humboldt.", "title": "Humboldt Township, Humboldt County, Iowa" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Lake Humboldt or Humboldt Lake is an endorheic basin lake in northern Churchill County and southern Pershing County in the state of Nevada in the United States. The lake has the name of Alexander von Humboldt, a German natural scientist.", "title": "Lake Humboldt" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Humboldt Range is a largely north-south running range of mountains in northwest Nevada, USA, that extend from the town of Imlay in the north to the junction with the West Humboldt Range in the south. It is bordered continuously by Interstate 80 and the Humboldt River, largely expanded in the form of the Rye Patch Reservoir in this area, on the west side and by a long and fairly broad Buena Vista Valley to the east, in a typical basin-and-range pattern. The Humboldts are ostensibly visible to travelers along Interstate 80, especially with respect to the highest point of the range, Star Peak, which with a quite nicely defined tip reaches an elevation of 9,836 feet (2,998 m), located in the center of the north range section. The midpoint of the range is in the area of Fourth of July Flat. The Humboldt Range is also noteworthy for having a famous historical town at its base on the eastern side called Unionville, which, for a brief period, was home to Samuel Clemens. Another historical site, now a ghost town, nearby is called Star City. Unlike some ranges in the vicinity, the substantial height of the Humboldts allows for a number of continuously flowing watersheds, and hiking the terrain is a somewhat noted activity.", "title": "Humboldt Range" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Penn Alto Building is a landmark building located in downtown Altoona, Pennsylvania, United States. The building is nine stories high and has a partial tenth floor penthouse. The name of the building remains the same, even though its usage has changed over time. The name changed from the Penn Alto Hotel to Penn Alto Apartments when it changed from strictly being a hotel to a residential hotel, which rents both apartments and hotel rooms. The current name is City Hall Commons, deriving its name from its proximity to City Hall, which is just across the street.", "title": "Penn Alto Building" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Madison Hotel is located in Atlantic City, New Jersey, United States. It was built in 1929 and added to the National Register of Historic Places on December 20, 1984.", "title": "Madison Hotel (Atlantic City)" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Hotel Sacher is a five-star hotel located in the Innere Stadt first district of Vienna, Austria, vis-à-vis to the Vienna State Opera. It is famous for the specialty of the house, the Sachertorte, a chocolate cake with apricot filling. There is also an art gallery in the hotel with works from the 19th century. The hotel is built near the former residence of Antonio Vivaldi.", "title": "Hotel Sacher" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The city's planned design included specific areas for almost everything, including accommodation, Hotels Sectors North and South. New hotel facilities are being developed elsewhere, such as the hotels and tourism Sector North, located on the shores of Lake Paranoá. Brasília has a range of tourist accommodation from inns, pensions and hostels to larger international chain hotels. The city's restaurants cater to a wide range of foods from local and regional Brazilian dishes to international cuisine.", "title": "José Antunes Sobrinho" } ]

[ { "answer": "Nevada", "id": 129307, "paragraph_support_idx": 15, "question": "In which state is Humboldt Range located?", "raw_question": "In which state is Humboldt Range located?", "statement": "The Humboldt Range is located in the state of Nevada." }, { "answer": "Las Vegas", "id": 85073, "paragraph_support_idx": 10, "question": "what is the name of the large city in southeastern Nevada", "raw_question": "what is the name of the large city in southeastern #1", "statement": "The name of the large city in southeastern Nevada is Las Vegas." }, { "answer": "El Rancho Vegas", "id": 65272, "paragraph_support_idx": 0, "question": "what was the first hotel built in Las Vegas", "raw_question": "what was the first hotel built in #2", "statement": "El Rancho Vegas was the first hotel built in Las Vegas." } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Dara Rasmi, The Princess consort (; , , , August 26, 1873 – December 9, 1933), was a princess of Chiang Mai and Siam (later Thailand) and the daughter of King Inthawichayanon of Chiang Mai and Queen Thip Keson of Chiang Mai descended from the Chet Ton Dynasty. She was one of the princess consorts of Chulalongkorn, King Rama V of Siam and gave birth to one daughter by King Chulalongkorn, Princess Vimolnaka Nabisi.", "title": "Dara Rasmi" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Aligarh Institute Gazette (Urdu: ) was the first multilingual journal of India, introduced, edited, and published in 1866 by Sir Syed Ahmed Khan which was read widely across the country. Theodore Beck later became its editor.", "title": "Aligarh Institute Gazette" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Glas is a 1974 book by Jacques Derrida. It combines a reading of Hegel's philosophical works and of Jean Genet's autobiographical writing. \"One of Derrida's more inscrutable books,\" its form and content invite a reflection on the nature of literary genre and of writing.", "title": "Glas (book)" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Prince Paul of Yugoslavia was the only son of Prince Arsen of Serbia, younger brother of King Peter I, and of Princess and Countess Aurora Pavlovna Demidova, a granddaughter on one side of the Finnish philanthropist Aurora Karamzin and her Russian husband Prince and Count Pavel Nikolaievich Demidov and on the other of the Russian Prince Peter Troubetskoy and his wife Elisabeth Esperovna, by birth a Princess Belosselsky-Belozersky).", "title": "Prince Paul of Yugoslavia" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The novel is renowned for its warmth and humor, despite dealing with the serious issues of rape and racial inequality. The narrator's father, Atticus Finch, has served as a moral hero for many readers and as a model of integrity for lawyers. One critic explains the novel's impact by writing, \"In the twentieth century, To Kill a Mockingbird is probably the most widely read book dealing with race in America, and its protagonist, Atticus Finch, the most enduring fictional image of racial heroism.\"", "title": "To Kill a Mockingbird" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Michael Charlies Kuchwara (February 28, 1947 – May 22, 2010) was an American theater critic, columnist and journalist. Kuchwara worked as both a critic and journalist for the \"Associated Press\" for more than from 1984 until 2010, writing pieces that were read worldwide. Kuchwara, who was based in New York City, reviewed as many as 200 theater productions a year.", "title": "Michael Kuchwara" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Princess Alexandra Therese Marie of Anhalt (4 April 1868 - 26 August 1958) was a Princess of Anhalt and member of the House of Ascania by birth. As the wife of Sizzo, Prince of Schwarzburg, she was a Princess of Schwarzburg by marriage.", "title": "Princess Alexandra of Anhalt" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Princess Fadia Farouk (15 December 1943 – 28 December 2002) was born at the Abdeen Palace in Cairo, as the youngest daughter of the late King Farouk of Egypt and his first wife, the former Queen Farida. After her father was deposed during the Egyptian Revolution of 1952, the Princess lived in Italy for two years. She and her sisters were then sent to live in Switzerland, to attend boarding school. There, the Princess studied painting, became an accomplished equestrian and met her future husband.", "title": "Princess Fadia of Egypt" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Duchess Hedwig of Württemberg (15 January 1547, Basel – 4 March 1590, Marburg) was a princess of Württemberg by birth, and by marriage Landgravine of Hesse-Marburg.", "title": "Duchess Hedwig of Württemberg" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Sima Qian was born at Xiayang in Zuopingyi (around present-day Hancheng, Shaanxi Province) around 145, though some sources give his birth year as around 135. Around 136, his father, Sima Tan, received an appointment to the relatively low-ranking position of \"grand historian\" (\"tàishǐ\" , alt. \"grand scribe\" or \"grand astrologer\"). The grand historian's primary duty was to formulate the yearly calendar, identifying which days were ritually auspicious or inauspicious, and present it to the emperor prior to New Year's Day. Besides these duties, the grand historian was also to travel with the emperor for important rituals and to record the daily events both at the court and within the country. By his account, by the age of ten Sima was able to \"read the old writings\" and was considered to be a promising scholar. Sima grew up in a Confucian environment, and Sima always regarded his historical work as an act of Confucian filial piety to his father.", "title": "Sima Qian" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The novel is renowned for its warmth and humor, despite dealing with the serious issues of rape and racial inequality. The narrator's father, Atticus Finch, has served as a moral hero for many readers and as a model of integrity for lawyers. One critic explains the novel's impact by writing, ``In the twentieth century, To Kill a Mockingbird is probably the most widely read book dealing with race in America, and its protagonist, Atticus Finch, the most enduring fictional image of racial heroism. ''", "title": "To Kill a Mockingbird" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "MTV What the Hack! is a TV show that airs on MTV India. The first season of the show premiered on MTV India on 18 October 2009 and concluded on 7 February 2010. The show talks about interesting things that people can do with computers, the Internet, and technology. It is hosted by Ankit Fadia and VJ Jose, and airs on Saturdays at 8:20 PM. According to the MTV India website, MTV has got Ankit Fadia to give viewers everything from tips, tricks to cheat codes that will help make peoples life on the World Wide Web a whole lot simpler. Internet users email their problems to MTV India and Ankit gives them the solution.", "title": "MTV What the Hack!" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Arnold Martyn Wyndham-Read (born 23 August 1942, Sussex) is an English folk singer, who was a collector and singer of Australian folk music. He lived and worked in Australia from 1958 to 1967 and was subsequently a regular visitor to the country.", "title": "Martyn Wyndham-Read" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In her senior year at Michigan State, Norberg won three writing contests; although not her first, they were the most influential in her decision to pursue the childhood dream. She first considered writing for children when her daughter refused to eat until she'd heard one of her mother's stories. These bribes were often set in the places that she had been reading about recently, and as she became more and more interested in Africa, they began to be set there more frequently.", "title": "Verna Aardema" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Megan Hart is a New York Times Best-Selling American author of over thirty romantic and erotic novels. Hart became interested in writing after reading the Ray Bradbury short story \"Homecoming\". Moved by this work, she rewrote her own version and began creating stories. She was inspired to write professionally after reading Stephen King's \"The Stand\". After a long break Hart resumed writing in 1998, publishing her first book in 2002.", "title": "Megan Hart" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "His biography of Anthony the Great entitled Life of Antony(Βίος καὶ Πολιτεία Πατρὸς Ἀντωνίου, Vita Antonii) became his most widely-read work. Translated into several languages, it played an important role in the spreading of the ascetic ideal in Eastern and Western Christianity. Depicting Anthony as an illiterate and holy man who through his existence in a primordial landscape has an absolute connection to the divine truth, the biography also resembles the life of his biographer Athanasius. It later served as an inspiration to Christian monastics in both the East and the West. The so-called Athanasian Creed dates from well after Athanasius's death and draws upon the phraseology of Augustine's De trinitate.", "title": "Athanasius of Alexandria" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Rohingya people have consistently faced human rights abuses by the Burmese regime that has refused to acknowledge them as Burmese citizens (despite some of them having lived in Burma for over three generations)—the Rohingya have been denied Burmese citizenship since the enactment of a 1982 citizenship law. The law created three categories of citizenship: citizenship, associate citizenship, and naturalised citizenship. Citizenship is given to those who belong to one of the national races such as Kachin, Kayah (Karenni), Karen, Chin, Burman, Mon, Rakhine, Shan, Kaman, or Zerbadee. Associate citizenship is given to those who cannot prove their ancestors settled in Myanmar before 1823, but can prove they have one grandparent, or pre-1823 ancestor, who was a citizen of another country, as well as people who applied for citizenship in 1948 and qualified then by those laws. Naturalized citizenship is only given to those who have at least one parent with one of these types of Burmese citizenship or can provide \"conclusive evidence\" that their parents entered and resided in Burma prior to independence in 1948. The Burmese regime has attempted to forcibly expel Rohingya and bring in non-Rohingyas to replace them—this policy has resulted in the expulsion of approximately half of the 800,000 Rohingya from Burma, while the Rohingya people have been described as \"among the world's least wanted\" and \"one of the world's most persecuted minorities.\" But the origin of ‘most persecuted minority’ statement is unclear.", "title": "Myanmar" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Schwarzenegger is a dual Austrian/United States citizen. He holds Austrian citizenship by birth and has held U.S. citizenship since becoming naturalized in 1983. Being Austrian and thus European, he was able to win the 2007 European Voice campaigner of the year award for taking action against climate change with the California Global Warming Solutions Act of 2006 and plans to introduce an emissions trading scheme with other US states and possibly with the EU.", "title": "Arnold Schwarzenegger" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The biography of Anthony's life by Athanasius of Alexandria helped to spread the concept of Christian monasticism, particularly in Western Europe via its Latin translations. He is often erroneously considered the first Christian monk, but as his biography and other sources make clear, there were many ascetics before him. Anthony was, however, among the first known to go into the wilderness (about  270), which seems to have contributed to his renown. Accounts of Anthony enduring supernatural temptation during his sojourn in the Eastern Desert of Egypt inspired the often-repeated subject of the temptation of St. Anthony in Western art and literature.", "title": "Anthony the Great" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Magdalene of Brandenburg (1460 in Tangermünde – 17 June 1496 at Hohenzollern Castle) was a German noblewoman. She was a princess of Brandenburg by birth and by marriage a Duchess of Hohenzollern.", "title": "Magdalena of Brandenburg, Countess of Hohenzollern" } ]

[ { "answer": "Anthony the Great", "id": 15921, "paragraph_support_idx": 15, "question": "About whom did he write his most widely-read work?", "raw_question": "About whom did he write his most widely-read work?", "statement": "Anthony the Great was the subject of his most widely-read work." }, { "answer": "Egypt", "id": 414610, "paragraph_support_idx": 18, "question": "Anthony the Great >> country of citizenship", "raw_question": "#1 >> country of citizenship", "statement": "Anthony the Great was a citizen of Egypt." }, { "answer": "Abdeen Palace", "id": 256562, "paragraph_support_idx": 7, "question": "Princess Fadia of Egypt >> place of birth", "raw_question": "Princess Fadia of #2 >> place of birth", "statement": "Princess Fadia of Egypt was born at Abdeen Palace." } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The National Insurance number is a number used in the United Kingdom in the administration of the National Insurance or social security system. It is also used for some purposes in the UK tax system. The number is described by the United Kingdom government as a ``personal account number ''.", "title": "National Insurance number" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Samuel Hearne was born in February 1745 in London UK. Hearne's father was Secretary of the Waterworks, of the London Bridge who died in 1748. His mother's name was Diana, and his sister's name was Sarah, three years younger than Samuel. Samuel Hearne joined the British Royal Navy in 1756 at the age of 11 as midshipman under the fighting captain Samuel Hood. He remained with Hood during the Seven Years' War, seeing considerable action during the conflict, including the bombardment of Le Havre. At the end of the Seven Years' War, having served in the English Channel and then the Mediterranean, he left the Navy in 1763.", "title": "Samuel Hearne" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Rainey Bethea (c. 1909 -- August 14, 1936) was the last person to be publicly executed in the United States. Bethea, who confessed to the rape and murder of a 70 - year - old woman named Lischia Edwards, was convicted of her rape and publicly hanged in Owensboro, Kentucky. Mistakes in performing the hanging and the surrounding media circus contributed to the end of public executions in the United States.", "title": "Rainey Bethea" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "CAMRA maintains a \"National Inventory\" of historical notability and of architecturally and decoratively notable pubs. The National Trust owns thirty-six public houses of historic interest including the George Inn, Southwark, London and The Crown Liquor Saloon, Belfast, Northern Ireland.", "title": "Pub" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "2017 BBC Sports Personality of the Year Award Date 17 December 2017 Location Echo Arena, Liverpool Country United Kingdom Presented by British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) Hosted by Gary Lineker Clare Balding Gabby Logan Winner Mo Farah Website www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/sports-personality/ Television / radio coverage Network BBC One BBC One HD BBC Radio 5 Live ← 2016 BBC Sports Personality of the Year Award 2018 →", "title": "2017 BBC Sports Personality of the Year Award" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Henry III of Navarre became King Henry IV of France in 1589. In 1607, he united to the French crown his personal fiefs that were under French sovereignty (i.e. County of Foix, Bigorre, Quatre-Vallées, and Nébouzan, but not Béarn and Lower Navarre, which were sovereign countries outside of the kingdom of France), and so the county of Foix became part of the royal domain.", "title": "County of Foix" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Navigator is an opera by Liza Lim to a libretto by Patricia Sykes. The work had its world premiere at the Judith Wright Centre of Contemporary Arts as part of the Brisbane Festival 2008 on 30 July 2008. It lasts for about 100 minutes without an interval.", "title": "The Navigator (opera)" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Judith Bishop was born in Melbourne, Australia in 1972. She holds an MPhil from the University of Cambridge, an MFA in Writing from Washington University in St Louis and a PhD in Linguistics from the University of Melbourne. In 1994 she received the Rae and Edith Bennett Travelling Scholarship for postgraduate study in the United Kingdom. Her MPhil thesis at Cambridge treated the poetry of Yves Bonnefoy", "title": "Judith Bishop" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Various methods have been used in the history of the American colonies and the United States but only five methods are currently used. Historically, burning, crushing, breaking on wheel, and bludgeoning were used for a small number of executions, while hanging was the most common method. The last person burned at the stake was a black slave in South Carolina in August 1825. The last person to be hanged in chains was a murderer named John Marshall in West Virginia on April 4, 1913. Although beheading was a legal method in Utah from 1851 to 1888, it was never used.", "title": "Capital punishment in the United States" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Set in Belfast in the 1950s, \"Judith Hearne\" has been described as \"a sensitive study of a middle-aged alcoholic woman in drab Belfast and her desperate last attempts at finding love and companionship\". Ann Leary, reviewing the book for NPR, calls it \"a short book about a lifetime of longing\" and says \"Moore uses brilliant economy in his writing; it's as if words are as scarce and precious as sunshine in this gloomy section of postwar Belfast\". According to Colm Tóibín, the book \"is full of Joycean moments... it takes from ‘Clay’, the most mysterious story in Dubliners, the idea of a single, middle-aged woman visiting a family and finding both comfort and humiliation there\". Robert Fulford, writing in Canada's \"The Globe and Mail\", describes it as \"a bleak post-Catholic novel\" that depicts \"a desolate life, stripped of warming humanity\".", "title": "Judith Hearne" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "All of the executions which have taken place since the 1936 hanging of Bethea in Owensboro have been conducted within a wall or enclosure. For example, Fred Adams was legally hanged in Kennett, Missouri, on April 2, 1937, within a 10-foot (3 m) wooden stockade. Roscoe \"Red\" Jackson was hanged within a stockade in Galena, Missouri, on May 26, 1937. Two Kentucky hangings were conducted after Galena in which numerous persons were present within a wooden stockade, that of John \"Peter\" Montjoy in Covington, Kentucky on December 17, 1937, and that of Harold Van Venison in Covington on June 3, 1938. An estimated 400 witnesses were present for the hanging of Lee Simpson in Ryegate, Montana, on December 30, 1939. The execution of Timothy McVeigh on June 11, 2001 was witnessed by some 300 people, some by closed-circuit television.", "title": "Capital punishment in the United States" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "John Brown (also wounded) Tried, convicted and executed by hanging December 2, 1859, in nearby Charles Town. Aaron Dwight Stevens (shot and captured October 18. Hanged March 16, 1860 in Charles Town. First buried at Eagleswood Mansion New Jersey; reburied 1899 in a common grave near John Brown at North Elba, New York.) Edwin Coppock (At age 24, he shot and killed the mayor of Harpers Ferry, Fontaine Beckham, during the raid. He was later executed at Charles Town on December 16, 1859 and was buried in Salem, Ohio.) John Anthony Copeland, Jr. (A 25 - year - old free black, he joined the raiders along with his uncle Lewis Leary. He was captured during the raid and executed on December 16, 1859, in Charles Town. The body was claimed by Winchester Medical College as a teaching cadaver. The last resting place is unknown. Cenotaph memorial in Oberlin, Ohio.) Shields Green (At about age 23, Green was an escaped slave from South Carolina; captured in the engine house on October 18, 1859 and hanged December 16, 1859 in Charles Town. The body was claimed by Winchester Medical College as a teaching cadaver. The last resting place is unknown. Cenotaph memorial in Oberlin, Ohio.) John Edwin Cook (Escaped into Pennsylvania but soon captured. Hanged December 16, 1859 in Charles Town. Body sent to New York.) Albert E. Hazlett (Escaped into Pennsylvania but soon captured. Hanged March 16, 1860. Buried at Eagleswood Mansion in Perth Amboy, New Jersey; reburied 1899 in a common grave near John Brown at North Elba, New York.)", "title": "John Brown's raid on Harpers Ferry" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Cameo Murders is a book by Barry Shortall, first published in the United Kingdom by the Bluecoat Press in 1999. The book details the brutal and baffling murders of the manager and assistant manager at the Cameo Cinema in Liverpool in March 1949, subsequent investigation and miscarriage of justice. The book effectively lead to quashed convictions of two co-offenders, post-hanging.", "title": "Cameo Murders" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The largest single execution in United States history was the hanging of 38 American Indians convicted of murder and rape during the Dakota War of 1862. They were executed simultaneously on December 26, 1862, in Mankato, Minnesota. A single blow from an axe cut the rope that held the large four-sided platform, and the prisoners (except for one whose rope had broken and who had to be re-hanged) fell to their deaths. The second-largest mass execution was also a hanging: the execution of 13 African-American soldiers for taking part in the Houston Riot of 1917. The largest non-military mass execution occurred in one of the original thirteen colonies in 1723, when 26 convicted pirates were hanged in Newport, Rhode Island by order of the Admiralty Court.", "title": "Capital punishment in the United States" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Battle of Krbava Field (, , ) was fought between the Ottoman Empire of Bayezid II and an army of the Kingdom of Croatia, at the time in personal union with the Kingdom of Hungary, on 9 September 1493, in the Krbava field, a part of the Lika region in Croatia.", "title": "Battle of Krbava Field" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Billy Bailey (January 1947 -- January 25, 1996) was a convicted murderer hanged in Delaware in 1996. He became only the third person to be hanged in the United States since 1965 (the previous two were Charles Rodman Campbell and Westley Allan Dodd, both in Washington) and the first person hanged in Delaware in 50 years.", "title": "Billy Bailey" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mizzou Arena is an indoor arena located on the campus of the University of Missouri in Columbia, Missouri. Home to the school's men's and women's basketball teams, the facility opened in November 2004 and replaced the Hearnes Center as the school's flagship indoor sports facility. The arena also serves as the Columbia-Jefferson City market's venue for well-known 'arena' acts such as Rascal Flatts, Luke Bryan and the Eagles. The arched-roof building seats 15,061, and is located just south of Hearnes and Memorial Stadium. The arena is host to Missouri State High School Activities Association championships for basketball and wrestling. The arena was briefly known as Paige Sports Arena.", "title": "Mizzou Arena" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Athanasius is the first person to identify the same 27 books of the New Testament that are in use today. Up until then, various similar lists of works to be read in churches were in use. Athanasius compiled the list to resolve questions about such texts as The Epistle of Barnabas. Athanasius includes the Book of Baruch and the Letter of Jeremiah and places the Book of Esther among the \"7 books not in the canon but to be read\" along with the Wisdom of Solomon, Sirach (Ecclesiasticus), Judith, Tobit, the Didache, and the Shepherd of Hermas.", "title": "Athanasius of Alexandria" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Robert Andrew McGladdery (18 October 1935 -- 20 December 1961) was the last person to be executed in Northern Ireland.", "title": "Robert McGladdery" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Josef Jakobs (30 June 1898 – 15 August 1941) was a German spy and the last person to be executed at the Tower of London. He was captured shortly after parachuting into the United Kingdom during the Second World War. Convicted of espionage under the Treachery Act 1940, Jakobs was shot by a military firing squad. He was not hanged because he was captured as an enemy combatant.", "title": "Josef Jakobs" } ]

[ { "answer": "Belfast", "id": 136578, "paragraph_support_idx": 9, "question": "Which place is Judith Hearne in?", "raw_question": "Which place is Judith Hearne in?", "statement": "Judith Hearne is located in Belfast." }, { "answer": "Northern Ireland", "id": 5960, "paragraph_support_idx": 3, "question": "What part of the United Kingdom is Belfast located in?", "raw_question": "What part of the United Kingdom is #1 located in?", "statement": "Belfast is located in Northern Ireland." }, { "answer": "Robert Andrew McGladdery", "id": 47977, "paragraph_support_idx": 18, "question": "who was the last person to be hanged in Northern Ireland", "raw_question": "who was the last person to be hanged in #2", "statement": "Robert Andrew McGladdery was the last person to be hanged in Northern Ireland." } ]

[ "Robert McGladdery" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Is It Clear, My Friend? (\"Je li jasno, prijatelju?\") is a Croatian film directed by Dejan Aćimović. It was released in 2000.", "title": "Is It Clear, My Friend?" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "G3: Live in Tokyo is a live album and DVD recorded on the 2005 G3 tour, featuring Joe Satriani, Steve Vai, and John Petrucci.", "title": "G3: Live in Tokyo" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mary Schneider AM, (born 25 October 1932 in Rockhampton, Queensland) is an Australian singer, songwriter and performer, who is a master at the classic Swiss Alpine style, she is best known for yodelling the works of various standards by many a classic composer. Her repertoire has covered everything from yodelling of classical music pieces to marches and European folk music tunes. Her daughter is the ARIA Award winning singer songwriter Melinda Schneider is also an Australian country music entertainer and performer. She mainly appears in club and pub venues around Australia, as well as overseas, but has also performed at many arena venues. She performed with her sister Rita Schneider, as part of The Schneider Sisters singing duo, who in 2002 were inducted into the Australian Roll of Renown.", "title": "Mary Schneider" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Vai Raja Vai (English: Place It King, Place It) is a 2015 Indian Tamil language black comedy film written and directed by Aishwarya Dhanush, starring Gautham Karthik, Priya Anand, Vivek, Taapsee Pannu, Gayathri Raguram and Daniel Balaji. Filming commenced on 12 September 2013. The film, featuring a musical score from Yuvan Shankar Raja, released on 1 May 2015 to positive reviews and was declared a sleeper hit at the box office.. The film's plot is a mix of Hollywood movies \"Next\" and \"21\".", "title": "Vai Raja Vai" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Great Love is a 1918 American silent war drama film directed and written by D. W. Griffith who, along with scenario writer Stanner E.V. Taylor, is credited as \"Captain Victor Marier\". The film stars George Fawcett and Lillian Gish. Set during World War I, exterior scenes were shot on location in England. \"The Great Love\" is now considered to be a lost film.", "title": "The Great Love (1918 film)" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Up Where We Belong ''is a Platinum - certified, Grammy Award - winning hit song written by Jack Nitzsche, Buffy Sainte - Marie, and Will Jennings. It was recorded by Joe Cocker (lead vocals) and Jennifer Warnes (lead and background vocals) for the smash 1982 film An Officer and a Gentleman.", "title": "Up Where We Belong" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Patrick Juvet (born 21 August 1950, in Montreux, Switzerland) is a former model turned singer-songwriter, who had a string of hit records in France. While his early career was focused on making pop records, he found international success as a disco music performer in the latter half of the 1970s.", "title": "Patrick Juvet" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Je n'ai que mon âme\" (\"All I Have is My Soul\") is a song by Natasha St-Pier. It was the French entry in the Eurovision Song Contest 2001. The song was sung mainly in French, with some lyrics in English. This was the first time a French entry contained any English lyrics on the night. The song was released in Canada on compilation album carrying the same name \"Je n'ai que mon âme\" as the single.", "title": "Je n'ai que mon âme" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Blijf zoals je bent\" (\"Stay the way you are\") was the Dutch entry in the Eurovision Song Contest 1989, performed in Dutch by Justine.", "title": "Blijf zoals je bent" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Crossroads is a 1986 American coming - of - age musical drama film inspired by the legend of blues musician Robert Johnson. Starring Ralph Macchio, Joe Seneca and Jami Gertz, the film was written by John Fusco and directed by Walter Hill and features an original score featuring Ry Cooder and Steve Vai on the soundtrack's guitar, and harmonica by Sonny Terry. Vai also appears in the film as the devil's guitar player in the climactic guitar duel.", "title": "Crossroads (1986 film)" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Je t'aime No. IV is a part of Robert Motherwell’s \"Je t'aime\" series, dating from 1955-1957. The medium for the painting is oil and charcoal on canvas, and the dimensions are 70 1/8 inches by 100 inches. It is an example of Abstract Expressionism, which is a style originated in the 1940s and 1950s in New York in which the artist expresses themselves through unidentifiable forms and through spontaneous acts of creating art.", "title": "Je t'aime No. IV" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Je vole\" is a 1978 song by French singer Michel Sardou and the title track of the same titled album \"Je vole\" by Sardou. The B-side of the single was \"8 jours à El Paso\". The lyrics of \"je vole\" were co-written by Michel Sardou and Pierre Billon and the music was composed by Sardou himself. The song was a big commercial success reaching number 3 in France selling approximately 500,000 copies.", "title": "Je vole" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "\"Je vais me marier, Marie\" (English translation: \"I´m getting married, Mary\") was the Swiss entry in the Eurovision Song Contest 1973, performed in French by Patrick Juvet.", "title": "Je vais me marier, Marie" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Je suis l'enfant soleil\" (translated: \"I Am the Sun Child\" or \"I'm A Child of the Sun\") was the French entry in the Eurovision Song Contest 1979, performed in French by Anne-Marie David. David had won Eurovision six years earlier, representing Luxembourg at the 1973 Contest with \"Tu te reconnaîtras\".", "title": "Je suis l'enfant soleil" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Shut Up and Kiss Me\" is a song written and recorded by American country music artist Mary Chapin Carpenter. It was released in August 1994 as the first single from her album \"Stones in the Road\". The song became her only Number One hit on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks (now Hot Country Songs) charts on November 19, 1994; it also peaked at number 90 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100. The song features Lee Roy Parnell accompanying on slide guitar, Benmont Tench on piano, Don Dixon on bass, Kenny Aronoff on drums, and Trisha Yearwood providing backing vocals. The song also won Carpenter a Grammy Award in 1995 for Best Female Country Vocal Performance.", "title": "Shut Up and Kiss Me (Mary Chapin Carpenter song)" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ivaylo Cove (, ‘Ivaylov Zaliv’ \\i-'vay-lov 'za-liv\\) is the 500 m wide cove indenting for 900 m the east coast of Snow Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. Bounded by the two arms of the small Hall Peninsula, the south one extended by a chain of rocks.", "title": "Ivaylo Cove" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Mary Tyler Moore Show opening sequence is an element of the American television series The Mary Tyler Moore Show. In 1999, Entertainment Weekly picked Mary Richards' hat toss at the end of the sequence as the 1970s' second - greatest television moment. The theme song, ``Love Is All Around '', was written and performed by Sonny Curtis.", "title": "The Mary Tyler Moore Show opening sequence" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "ISO 3166-2:JE is the entry for Jersey in ISO 3166-2, part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), which defines codes for the names of the principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states) of all countries coded in ISO 3166-1.", "title": "ISO 3166-2:JE" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "On 5 March, Nasser's security coterie arrested thousands of participants in the uprising. As a ruse to rally opposition against a return to the pre-1952 order, the RCC decreed an end to restrictions on monarchy-era parties and the Free Officers' withdrawal from politics. The RCC succeeded in provoking the beneficiaries of the revolution, namely the workers, peasants, and petty bourgeois, to oppose the decrees, with one million transport workers launching a strike and thousands of peasants entering Cairo in protest in late March. Naguib sought to crackdown on the protesters, but his requests were rebuffed by the heads of the security forces. On 29 March, Nasser announced the decrees' revocation in response to the \"impulse of the street.\" Between April and June, hundreds of Naguib's supporters in the military were either arrested or dismissed, and Mohieddin was informally exiled to Switzerland to represent the RCC abroad. King Saud of Saudi Arabia attempted to mend relations between Nasser and Naguib, but to no avail.", "title": "Gamal Abdel Nasser" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Twinkle, Twinkle, Little Star ''is a popular English lullaby. The lyrics are from an early 19th - century English poem by Jane Taylor,`` The Star''. The poem, which is in couplet form, was first published in 1806 in Rhymes for the Nursery, a collection of poems by Taylor and her sister Ann. It is sung to the tune of the French melody Ah! vous dirai - je, maman, which was published in 1761 and later arranged by several composers including Mozart with Twelve Variations on ``Ah vous dirai - je, Maman ''. The English lyrics have five stanzas, although only the first is widely known. It has a Roud Folk Song Index number of 7666. This song is usually performed in the key of C major.", "title": "Twinkle, Twinkle, Little Star" } ]

[ { "answer": "Patrick Juvet", "id": 789292, "paragraph_support_idx": 12, "question": "Je vais me marier, Marie >> performer", "raw_question": "Je vais me marier, Marie >> performer", "statement": "Patrick Juvet performed the song \"Je vais me marier, Marie\"." }, { "answer": "Switzerland", "id": 104020, "paragraph_support_idx": 6, "question": "Which country does Patrick Juvet belong to?", "raw_question": "Which country does #1 belong to?", "statement": "Patrick Juvet belongs to Switzerland." }, { "answer": "Mohieddin", "id": 27337, "paragraph_support_idx": 18, "question": "Who was sent to Switzerland ?", "raw_question": "Who was sent to #2 ?", "statement": "Mohieddin was sent to Switzerland." } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "E is an unincorporated township located in Aroostook County, Maine, United States. It is part of the Central Aroostook Unorganized Territory and borders the towns of Blaine to the east and Westfield to the north. As of the 1990 census, when it was still organized as a plantation, E Plantation had 64 residents. However, in 1990 its residents decided to disorganize the community and give up control to the state in an effort to reduce taxes. K–12 education for the community is provided by Maine School Administrative District 42, which also serves neighboring Blaine and Mars Hill. However, because E Plantation withdrew from the school district following its disorganization, its students are tuitioned.", "title": "E Township, Maine" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Rosedale is a neighborhood in Camden, New Jersey. It is located on the border with Pennsauken Township and has a population of 1,807.", "title": "Rosedale, Camden" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jimma Arjo is one of the woredas in the Oromia Region of Ethiopia. It shares the name of one of the subgroups of the Oromo people, the Jimma Arjo. Part of the Misraq Welega Zone, Jimma Arjo is bordered on the southwest by the Didessa River which separates it from the Illubabor Zone, on the northwest by Diga Leka, on the northeast by Guto Wayu, and on the southeast by Nunu Kumba. The administrative center of this woreda is Arjo.", "title": "Jimma Arjo" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Logan Township is one of fourteen townships in Dearborn County, Indiana. As of the 2010 census, its population was 3,541 and it contained 1,290 housing units.", "title": "Logan Township, Dearborn County, Indiana" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Upper Twin Island is a bar island in Ohio County, West Virginia on the Ohio River. It lies upstream from its twin, Lower Twin Island. Both islands are part of the city of Wheeling and situated between Martins Ferry, Ohio and mainland Wheeling.", "title": "Upper Twin Island" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "McArthur Township is one of the seventeen townships of Logan County, Ohio, United States. The 2000 census found 1,949 people in the township.", "title": "McArthur Township, Logan County, Ohio" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Laughery Creek Bridge is a truss bridge on the border of Dearborn County, Indiana, and Ohio County, Indiana. It crosses Laughery Creek. This bridge was built in 1878. The Wrought Iron Bridge Company, a prolific late 19th-century bridge company, constructed the bridge. The bridge is seated on stone abutments. The deck surface is not original and is currently concrete. The bridge, nearly 300 feet in length, is a single span pin connected triple intersection Whipple through truss, and is the only example in the world of this truss type. The name bridge's nickname, \"Triple Whipple Bridge\" is a play on words. The double-intersection Pratt, which was called the Whipple truss configuration, was a far more common variation of the standard Pratt configuration. Since the Laughery Creek Bridge's members have three intersections instead of two, this gives rise to the \"Triple Whipple\" name. This bridge was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1976.", "title": "Laughery Creek Bridge" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "North Abington Township is a township in Lackawanna County, Pennsylvania, United States. It is located approximately north of Scranton, Pennsylvania, and is located in the growing suburban area known as the \"Abingtons\". North Abington is also approximately north of Clarks Summit and borders Waverly Township and Dalton Borough to the south, as well as Benton Township to the north. The population was 703 at the 2010 census.", "title": "North Abington Township, Lackawanna County, Pennsylvania" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Prentiss is an unorganized territory (township) in Penobscot County, Maine, United States. The township was named for Henry Prentiss, an early landowner. The population was 214 at the 2010 census.", "title": "Prentiss, Maine" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Prairie Creek Township is located in Logan County, Illinois. As of the 2010 census, its population was 487 and it contained 194 housing units.", "title": "Prairie Creek Township, Logan County, Illinois" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Repaupo is an unincorporated community located within Logan Township in Gloucester County, New Jersey, United States. Repaupo can be accessed by Interstate 295/U.S. Route 130, via exit 14.", "title": "Repaupo, New Jersey" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Logan Township is one of sixteen townships in Calhoun County, Iowa, USA. As of the 2000 census, its population was 142.", "title": "Logan Township, Calhoun County, Iowa" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "China shares international borders with 14 sovereign states. In addition, there is a 30 - km border with the special administrative region of Hong Kong, which was a British dependency before 1997, and a 3 km border with Macau, a Portuguese territory until 1999. With a land border of 22,117 kilometres (13,743 mi) in total it also has the longest land border of any country.", "title": "Borders of China" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mount Bosworth is located in the Canadian Rockies on the border of Alberta and British Columbia. The mountain is situated immediately northwest of Kicking Horse Pass and straddles the shared border of Banff National Park with Yoho National Park. It was named in 1903 after George Morris Bosworth, an executive and long-time employee of the Canadian Pacific Railway.", "title": "Mount Bosworth" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Tatra County () is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Lesser Poland Voivodeship, southern Poland, on the Slovak border. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and only town is Zakopane, which lies south of the regional capital Kraków. The county takes its name from the Tatra mountain range, which covers most of its territory.", "title": "Tatra County" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Glendale Township is one of the nine townships of Logan County, North Dakota, United States. It lies in the northwestern part of the county and borders the following other townships within Logan County:", "title": "Glendale Township, Logan County, North Dakota" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Poplar Township is a township in Cass County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 173 as of the 2000 census. Poplar Township was named from the groves of poplar trees within its borders.", "title": "Poplar Township, Cass County, Minnesota" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Logan Township is one of fourteen townships in Dodge County, Nebraska, United States. The population was 534 at the 2000 census. A 2006 estimate placed the township's population at 518.", "title": "Logan Township, Dodge County, Nebraska" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Rushcreek Township is one of the seventeen townships of Logan County, Ohio, United States. The 2000 census found 2,191 people in the township.", "title": "Rushcreek Township, Logan County, Ohio" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mingaladon Township ( ) is located in the northernmost part of Yangon, Myanmar. The township comprises 31 wards, and shares borders with Hmawbi Township in the north, North Okkalapa Township in the east, Insein Township and Shwepyitha Township in the west, and Mayangon Township in the south. Mingaladon is still relatively undeveloped and lacks basic municipal services.", "title": "Mingaladon Township" } ]

[ { "answer": "Dearborn County", "id": 763646, "paragraph_support_idx": 3, "question": "Logan Township >> located in the administrative territorial entity", "raw_question": "Logan Township >> located in the administrative territorial entity", "statement": "Logan Township is located in Dearborn County." }, { "answer": "Ohio County", "id": 499795, "paragraph_support_idx": 6, "question": "Dearborn County >> shares border with", "raw_question": "#1 >> shares border with", "statement": "Dearborn County shares a border with Ohio County." }, { "answer": "Ohio River", "id": 305851, "paragraph_support_idx": 4, "question": "Ohio County >> named after", "raw_question": "#2 >> named after", "statement": "Ohio County was named after the Ohio River." } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Luwuk is the capital of Banggai Regency, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. Its area is 101.43 km². There used to be an oil industry in the region. It has a total population of 54,089 in the town.", "title": "Luwuk" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mona Lisa's Revenge is a two-part story of \"The Sarah Jane Adventures\" which was broadcast on CBBC on 12 and 13 November 2009. It is the fifth serial of the third series.", "title": "Mona Lisa's Revenge" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "No. Title Writer (s) Producer (s) Length 1. ``The Ballad of Mona Lisa ''Brendon Urie Spencer Smith Butch Walker John Feldmann Walker Feldmann 3: 47 2.`` Let's Kill Tonight'' Urie Smith Walker 3: 33 3. ``Hurricane ''Urie Smith Feldmann Walker Feldmann 4: 25 4.`` Memories'' Urie Smith Feldmann Walker 3: 26 5. ``Trade Mistakes ''Urie Smith Feldmann Walker Feldmann 3: 36 6.`` Ready to Go (Get Me Out of My Mind)'' Urie Smith Walker 3: 37 7. ``Always ''Urie Smith Feldmann Walker Feldmann 2: 34 8.`` The Calendar'' Urie Smith Feldmann Walker Feldmann 4: 43 9. ``Sarah Smiles ''Urie Smith Feldmann Walker Feldmann 3: 33 10.`` Nearly Witches (Ever Since We Met...)'' Urie Smith Ryan Ross Walker Feldmann Urie 4: 16 Total length: 38: 02", "title": "Vices & Virtues" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "In addition to city government, numerous commissions and state authorities—including the Massachusetts Department of Conservation and Recreation, the Boston Public Health Commission, the Massachusetts Water Resources Authority (MWRA), and the Massachusetts Port Authority (Massport)—play a role in the life of Bostonians. As the capital of Massachusetts, Boston plays a major role in state politics.", "title": "Boston" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Mona Lisa (; or La Gioconda , ) is a half-length portrait painting by the Italian Renaissance artist Leonardo da Vinci that has been described as \"the best known, the most visited, the most written about, the most sung about, the most parodied work of art in the world.\" The \"Mona Lisa\" is also one of the most valuable paintings in the world. It holds the Guinness World Record for the highest known insurance valuation in history at US$100 million in 1962 (equivalent to $ million in ).", "title": "Mona Lisa" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Trans - Nzoia County County Coat of arms Location in Kenya Country Kenya Formed March 4th 2013 Capital Kitale Government Governor Patrick S. Khaemba Area Total 2,469.9 km (953.6 sq mi) Population (2009) Total 818,757 Time zone EAT (UTC + 3) Website transnzoia.go.ke", "title": "Trans-Nzoia County" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Strickland graduated from Rhodes College in Memphis (Tennessee) in 1968. She studied English literature and earned a PhD from the University of Michigan in 1973. She taught at various universities during the 1980, such as Rutgers University and the State University of New York in Stony Brook. During a sabbatical in Geneva, Switzerland, she began writing widely on contemporary art. Having returned to the United States, she regularly published articles in The Christian Science Monitor, The New York Times, and the Wall Street Journal, but also for magazines, such as The Nation and Art & Antiques. Her articles are mainly focused on art and architecture. She is also the author of \"The Annotated Mona Lisa\" and \"The Annotated Arch\". \"The Annotated Mona Lisa\" includes articles on art history and architectural history from antiquity to the post-modern period. It has been translated in various languages.", "title": "Carol Strickland" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Guárico State (, ) is one of the 23 states of Venezuela. The state capital is San Juan de Los Morros. Guárico State covers a total surface area of and, in 2011, had a census population of 747,739. It is named for the Guárico River.", "title": "Guárico" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "A knew that there was a very good chance Hanna would regain her memory. Hanna's best friend, Mona Vanderwaal, informs the girls that she has also received texts from A, drawing the five closer together in trying to figure out who their tormentor is. Mona subtly encourages Spencer's fears that her sister, Melissa, might be A as well as Alison's killer. During Hanna's recovery masquerade celebration, she suddenly regains her memory, revealing that Mona is A. However, she, Emily, and Aria ca n't do much about it, because Spencer and Mona are on their way to the police station. After Spencer is warned about Mona by text, she tries to escape Mona's car, but Mona catches on rather quickly and diverts to a path in a more remote area of Rosewood. She tells Spencer everything, from seeing Ali launch a firework into Toby Cavanaugh's garage and blind her friend Jenna, to finding Ali's diary of secrets among a pile of old DiLaurentis junk the St. Germains left at the curb, discovering the girls' secrets that only Ali knew. Her motivation was to get revenge for her friend's blindness, even though Jenna and Ali had planned together to launch the firework. Mona did n't know this and got a scar on her stomach from the ordeal. Mona also drops the bombshell that Ian Thomas killed Ali, due to Ali's last diary entry about giving him an ultimatum to break up with Melissa. She then offers Spencer to become A with her and tell Hanna that she must not be remembering correctly, but she refuses. The two fight at Floating Man's Quarry and Spencer accidentally pushes Mona, who falls and has her neck caught between rocks.", "title": "A (Pretty Little Liars)" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Mona Lisa (/ ˌmoʊnə ˈliːsə /; Italian: Monna Lisa (ˈmɔnna ˈliːza) or La Gioconda (la dʒoˈkonda), French: La Joconde (la ʒɔkɔ̃d)) is a half - length portrait painting by the Italian Renaissance artist Leonardo da Vinci that has been described as ``the best known, the most visited, the most written about, the most sung about, the most parodied work of art in the world ''. The Mona Lisa is also one of the most valuable paintings in the world. It holds the Guinness World Record for the highest known insurance valuation in history at $100 million in 1962, which is worth nearly $800 million in 2017.", "title": "Mona Lisa" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mona Lisa Italian: La Gioconda, French: La Joconde Artist Leonardo da Vinci Year c. 1503 -- 06, perhaps continuing until c. 1517 Medium Oil on poplar panel Subject Lisa Gherardini 77 cm × 53 cm (30 in × 21 in) Location Musée du Louvre, Paris", "title": "Mona Lisa" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Scream (Norwegian: Skrik) is the popular name given to each of four versions of a composition, created as both paintings and pastels, by Norwegian Expressionist artist Edvard Munch between 1893 and 1910. The German title Munch gave these works is Der Schrei der Natur (The Scream of Nature). The works show a figure with an agonized expression against a landscape with a tumultuous orange sky. Arthur Lubow has described The Scream as ``an icon of modern art, a Mona Lisa for our time. ''", "title": "The Scream" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mona Lisa Smile is a 2003 American drama film produced by Revolution Studios and Columbia Pictures in association with Red Om Films Productions, directed by Mike Newell, written by Lawrence Konner and Mark Rosenthal, and starring Julia Roberts, Kirsten Dunst, Julia Stiles and Maggie Gyllenhaal. The title is a reference to the \"Mona Lisa\", the famous painting by Leonardo da Vinci, and to the song of the same name, originally performed by Nat King Cole, which was covered by Seal for the movie. Julia Roberts received a record $25 million for her performance, the highest ever earned by an actress at that time.", "title": "Mona Lisa Smile" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mona is a city in Juab County, Utah, United States. As of the 2010 census it had a population of 1,547. It is part of the Provo–Orem metropolitan area.", "title": "Mona, Utah" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mary Rockwell (later Hook) graduated from Wellesley College in 1900. According to Hook's autobiography, she decided to become an architect after a 1902 family trip abroad:", "title": "Mary Rockwell Hook" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "From December 1962 to March 1963, the French government lent it to the United States to be displayed in New York City and Washington, D.C. It was shipped on the new liner SS France. In New York an estimated 1.7 million people queued ``in order to cast a glance at the Mona Lisa for 20 seconds or so. ''While exhibited in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, the painting was almost drenched in water because of a faulty sprinkler, but the bullet - proof glass case which encased the painting protected it.", "title": "Mona Lisa" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "In 1953, Katherine Ann Watson (Julia Roberts), a 30 - year - old graduate student in the department of Art History at UCLA, takes a position teaching ``History of Art ''at Wellesley College, a conservative women's private liberal arts college in Massachusetts. At her first class, Katherine discovers that her students have already memorized the entire textbook and syllabus, so she uses the classes to introduce them to Modern Art and encourages discussion about topics such as what makes good art. Katherine comes to know her students and seeks to inspire them to achieve more than marriage to eligible young men.", "title": "Mona Lisa Smile" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Boston has an area of 89.6 square miles (232.1 km2)—48.4 square miles (125.4 km2) (54.0%) of land and 41.2 square miles (106.7 km2) (46.0%) of water. The city's official elevation, as measured at Logan International Airport, is 19 ft (5.8 m) above sea level. The highest point in Boston is Bellevue Hill at 330 feet (100 m) above sea level, and the lowest point is at sea level. Situated onshore of the Atlantic Ocean, Boston is the only state capital in the contiguous United States with an oceanic coastline.", "title": "Boston" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Smaller private schools include Babson College, Bentley University, Boston Architectural College, Emmanuel College, Fisher College, MGH Institute of Health Professions, Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Simmons College, Wellesley College, Wheelock College, Wentworth Institute of Technology, New England School of Law (originally established as America's first all female law school), and Emerson College.", "title": "Boston" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ngo-Ketunjia is a department of Northwest Province in Cameroon. The department covers an area of and as of 2005 had a total population of 187,348. The capital of the department lies at Ndop.", "title": "Ngo-Ketunjia" } ]

[ { "answer": "in Massachusetts", "id": 51280, "paragraph_support_idx": 16, "question": "where is wellesley college in mona lisa smile", "raw_question": "where is wellesley college in mona lisa smile", "statement": "Wellesley College is located in Massachusetts." }, { "answer": "Boston", "id": 6975, "paragraph_support_idx": 3, "question": "What is the capital of in Massachusetts ?", "raw_question": "What is the capital of #1 ?", "statement": "Boston is the capital of Massachusetts." }, { "answer": "89.6 square miles", "id": 6832, "paragraph_support_idx": 17, "question": "What is the total area of Boston ?", "raw_question": "What is the total area of #2 ?", "statement": "Boston has a total area of 89.6 square miles." } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Prince Leopold was born in Brussels, the first child of King Albert I of the Belgians and his consort, Duchess Elisabeth in Bavaria. His father became King of the Belgians, as Albert I, in 1909 and Prince Leopold became Duke of Brabant, heir to the Belgian throne.", "title": "Leopold III of Belgium" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Major Archibald Alexander Gordon CBE, MVO, Order of Leopold, Legion of Honour (1867 – 12 August 1949) was a Scottish soldier who served as attaché to the Military Household of King Albert I of Belgium during World War I, with the title of Belgian King's Messenger.", "title": "Archibald Alexander Gordon" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "David Luther Burgess MC (January 28, 1891 – November 30, 1960) was a World War I flying ace who, in 1926, was the sole challenger to Liberal Prime Minister William Lyon Mackenzie King in a by-election held in Prince Albert, Saskatchewan.", "title": "David Luther Burgess" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Down Twisted is a 1987 thriller film, directed by Albert Pyun, starring Carey Lowell, Charles Rocket, Courteney Cox, Norbert Weisser, Linda Kerridge, Trudy Dotchterman and Nicholas Guest.", "title": "Down Twisted" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Aragorn Middle - Earth character Full Name Aragorn II Elessar Telcontar Race Men Gender Male Kingdoms and Cultures Reunited Kingdom Dúnedain House of Isildur Númenórean Title (s) King of the Reunited Kingdom Birth 1 March, T.A. 2931 Death 1 March, F.A. 120 (age 210) Once Owned Andúril Ring of Barahir Sceptre of Annúminas Notable Aliases Elessar (Elfstone) Telcontar (``Strider '') Thorongil (`` Eagle of the Star'') Estel (``Hope '') Family Spouse (s) Arwen Parentage Arathorn II and Gilraen; Elrond (foster father) Children Eldarion, at least two daughters Other Notable Relations Isildur Anárion Elendil Elros Book Appearances The Fellowship of the Ring The Two Towers The Return of the King Portrayed By Viggo Mortensen Major character in The Fellowship of the Ring The Two Towers The Return of the King Portrayals in adaptations The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring (film) The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers (film) The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King (film)", "title": "Aragorn" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "John I Albert () (27 December 1459 – 17 June 1501) was King of Poland (1492–1501) and Duke of Głogów (1491–1498).", "title": "John I Albert" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Gordius (in Greek Γoρδιoς), a Cappadocian by birth, was the instrument of Mithridates Eupator (120–63 BC), king of Pontus, in his attempts to annex Cappadocia to Pontus. Gordius was employed by him, in 116 BC, to murder Ariarathes VI, king of Cappadocia. Gordius was afterwards tutor of a son of Mithridates, whom, after the murder of Ariarathes VII he made king of Cappadocia as Ariarathes IX. Gordius was sent as the envoy of Mithridates to Rome, and afterwards employed by him to engage Tigranes, king of Armenia, to attack Cappadocia, and expel Ariobarzanes I, whom the Romans made king of that country in 93 BC. Sulla restored Ariobarzanes in the following year, and drove Gordius out of Cappadocia. Gordius opposed Lucius Licinius Murena in the Battle of Halys, 82 BC.", "title": "Gordius of Cappadocia" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Most Beautiful Woman in Paris (German: Die schönste Frau von Paris) is a 1928 German silent film directed by Jacob Fleck and Luise Fleck and starring Elga Brink, Werner Fuetterer and Warwick Ward.", "title": "The Most Beautiful Woman in Paris" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Nicholas III, Lord of Mecklenburg (after 1230 – 8 June 1289 or 1290) was from 1264 to 1289 Lord of Mecklenburg.", "title": "Nicholas III, Lord of Mecklenburg" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Amarindra (; ; 15 March 1737 – 25 May 1826) was the Queen Consort of King Phutthayotfa Chulalok (Rama I), the founder of the Chakri Dynasty. Her birth name was Nak (นาค). She was a daughter of a wealthy Mon from Bang Chang, in Samut Songkhram Province.", "title": "Amarindra" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Nicholas I, Lord of Mecklenburg (also known as \"Niklot I\"; before 1164 – 25 May 1200, near Waschow, now part of Wittendörp), was the ruling Lord of Mecklenburg from 1178 until his death. He was the son of Wertislaw, Lord of Rostock and Prince of the Obotrites.", "title": "Nicholas I, Lord of Mecklenburg" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "King's College is a constituent college of the University of Cambridge in Cambridge, England. Formally The King's College of Our Lady and Saint Nicholas in Cambridge, the college lies beside the River Cam and faces out onto King's Parade in the centre of the city.", "title": "King's College, Cambridge" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The first \"free election\" (Polish: \"wolna elekcja\") of a king took place in 1492. (To be sure, some earlier Polish kings had been elected with help from bodies such as that which put Casimir II on the throne, thereby setting a precedent for free elections.) Only senators voted in the 1492 free election, which was won by John I Albert. For the duration of the Jagiellonian Dynasty, only members of that royal family were considered for election; later, there would be no restrictions on the choice of candidates.", "title": "Szlachta" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "While the churches eventually worked out their differences and came to an initial agreement, both Nicholas I of Russia and Napoleon III refused to back down. Nicholas issued an ultimatum that the Orthodox subjects of the Empire be placed under his protection. Britain attempted to mediate, and arranged a compromise that Nicholas agreed to. When the Ottomans demanded changes, Nicholas refused and prepared for war. Having obtained promises of support from France and Britain, the Ottomans officially declared war on Russia in October 1853.", "title": "Crimean War" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "His birthday (14 December 1895) was the 34th anniversary of the death of his great-grandfather, Prince Albert, the Prince Consort. Uncertain of how the Prince Consort's widow, Queen Victoria, would take the news of the birth, the Prince of Wales wrote to the Duke of York that the Queen had been \"rather distressed\". Two days later, he wrote again: \"I really think it would gratify her if you yourself proposed the name Albert to her\". Queen Victoria was mollified by the proposal to name the new baby Albert, and wrote to the Duchess of York: \"I am all impatience to see the new one, born on such a sad day but rather more dear to me, especially as he will be called by that dear name which is a byword for all that is great and good\". Consequently, he was baptised \"Albert Frederick Arthur George\" at St. Mary Magdalene's Church near Sandringham three months later.[a] As a great-grandson of Queen Victoria, he was known formally as His Highness Prince Albert of York from birth. Within the family, he was known informally as \"Bertie\". His maternal grandmother, the Duchess of Teck, did not like the first name the baby had been given, and she wrote prophetically that she hoped the last name \"may supplant the less favoured one\".", "title": "George VI" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Brink (norra delen) is a village in Botkyrka Municipality, Stockholm County, southeastern Sweden. According to the 2005 census it had a population of 77 people.", "title": "Brink (norra delen)" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Stephen Devereux was born about 1191, the eldest of three sons of Walter Devereux and Cecilia de Longchamp. Cecilia was the daughter of Sir Hugh de Longchamp and sister to William de Longchamp, Lord Chancellor of England. His father, Walter, died in 1197, and as a member of the retinue of William de Braose this probably occurred in France during May 1197 at the assault on the castle at Milly-sur-Thérain. Braose was with Richard I as he campaigned to regain his territories lost while Richard was held captive by Leopold of Austria. Walter Devereux's lands passed into the King's hands and were placed in the custody of the sheriff of Hereford, William de Braose, 4th Lord of Bramber. His sons were placed in the retinue of local lords for training as knights: Stephen Devereux with William Marshal, earl of Pembroke; Nicholas Devereux with Walter de Lacy, Lord of Meath; and John Devereux with William de Braose, 4th Lord of Bramber. Stephen's mother, Cecilia, launched into a series of legal fights to preserve her dower rights and the Devereux properties.", "title": "Stephen Devereux" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bo Jonsson (Grip) (early 1330s – 20 August 1386) was head of the royal council and marshal under the regency of Magnus IV of Sweden. Also in the council was his friend and colleague, Karl Ulfsson av Ulvåsa, eldest son of Saint Birgitta. From 1369, during Albert of Sweden’s reign, he was \"Officialis Generalis\" (the king's highest official) and from 1371 Lord High Steward (\"drots\" in Swedish).", "title": "Bo Jonsson (Grip)" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Albert ( , ; c. 1338 – 1 April 1412) was King of Sweden from 1364 to 1389 and Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin from 1384 to 1412 as Albert III.", "title": "Albert, King of Sweden" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The cemetery grounds were assigned to the United Kingdom in perpetuity by King Albert I of Belgium in recognition of the sacrifices made by the British Empire in the defence and liberation of Belgium during the war.", "title": "Abeele Aerodrome Military Commonwealth War Graves Commission Cemetery" } ]

[ { "answer": "Sweden", "id": 523049, "paragraph_support_idx": 15, "question": "Brink >> country", "raw_question": "Brink >> country", "statement": "Brink is in Sweden." }, { "answer": "Mecklenburg", "id": 387516, "paragraph_support_idx": 18, "question": "Albert, King of Sweden >> place of birth", "raw_question": "Albert, King of #1 >> place of birth", "statement": "Albert, King of Sweden, was born in Mecklenburg." }, { "answer": "Wittendörp", "id": 145746, "paragraph_support_idx": 10, "question": "In what city did Nicholas I, Lord of Mecklenburg die?", "raw_question": "In what city did Nicholas I, Lord of #2 die?", "statement": "Nicholas I, Lord of Mecklenburg, died in Wittendörp." } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Frank Ross (August 4, 1904, Boston, Massachusetts - February 8, 1990, Los Angeles, California) was a film producer, writer, and actor.", "title": "Frank Ross (producer)" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The current iteration of the Canadian Armed Forces dates from 1 February 1968, when the Royal Canadian Navy, Canadian Army, and Royal Canadian Air Force were merged into a unified structure and superseded by elemental commands. Its roots, however, lie in colonial militia groups that served alongside garrisons of the French and British armies and navies; a structure that remained in place until the early 20th century. Thereafter, a distinctly Canadian army and navy was established, followed by an air force, that, because of the constitutional arrangements at the time, remained effectively under the control of the British government until Canada gained legislative independence from the United Kingdom in 1931, in part due to the distinguished achievement and sacrifice of the Canadian Corps in the First World War.", "title": "Canadian Armed Forces" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Major-General Gerald James Cuthbert (12 September 1861 – 1 February 1931) was a British Army officer who commanded a battalion in the Boer War and a division in the First World War. Cuthbert joined the Scots Guards in 1882 and served in Egypt and the Sudan during the late 19th century. During the Boer War he served with his regiment, rising to command a battalion and after the war he was given command of a brigade in the Territorial Force and then in the British Expeditionary Force of 1914. He served on the Western Front from 1914 to 1917, rising to command 39th Division, then returned to home service before retiring in 1919.", "title": "Gerald Cuthbert" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Battle of Ostrovno (French: \"Combat d'Ostrowno\") was a military engagement that took place on 25 July 1812, between French forces under the command of King of Naples Joachim Murat and Russian forces under General Ostermann-Tolstoy and ended with the Russian forces retreating from the battlefield.", "title": "Battle of Ostrovno" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 2011 census showed that 36.7 per cent of Greater London's population were born outside the UK. The table to the right shows the 30 most common countries of birth of London residents in 2011, the date of the last published UK Census. A portion of the German-born population are likely to be British nationals born to parents serving in the British Armed Forces in Germany. Estimates produced by the Office for National Statistics indicate that the five largest foreign-born groups living in London in the period July 2009 to June 2010 were those born in India, Poland, the Republic of Ireland, Bangladesh and Nigeria.", "title": "London" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In the Meantime, Darling is a 1944 American drama film produced and directed by Otto Preminger. The screenplay by Arthur Kober and Michael Uris focuses on a wealthy war bride (Jeanne Crain) who is forced to adjust to living in spartan conditions in military housing during World War II.", "title": "In the Meantime, Darling" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "On 8 October, the First and Third British Armies broke through the Hindenburg Line at the Second Battle of Cambrai. This collapse forced the German High Command to accept that the war had to be ended. The evidence of failing German morale also convinced many Allied commanders and political leaders that the war could be ended in 1918; previously, all efforts had been concentrated on building up forces to mount a decisive attack in 1919.", "title": "Hundred Days Offensive" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mark P. Fitzgerald (born 1951) is a retired United States Navy admiral. He is the former Commander, U.S. Naval Forces Europe – Commander, U.S. Naval Forces Africa and Commander, Allied Joint Force Command Naples. He previously served as Director, Navy Staff from December 2006 to November 2007 and Commander, U.S. 2nd Fleet from 2004 until December 2006. He assumed the duties of Commander, U.S. Naval Forces Europe and Commander, Allied Joint Force Command Naples on November 30, 2007 and assumed the additional duties as Commander, U.S. Naval Forces Africa on March 26, 2009.", "title": "Mark P. Fitzgerald" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Battle of Rheinberg took place on 12 June 1758 in Rheinberg, Germany during the Seven Years' War. A French force under the command of Comte de Clermont and an Anglo-German force under the command of the Duke of Brunswick fought a largely indecisive battle. It was a precursor to the more decisive Battle of Krefeld nine days later.", "title": "Battle of Rheinberg" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Task Force Sinai is the US regiment-sized element of the Multinational Force and Observers (\"MFO\"), the peacekeeping organization in place in the Sinai Peninsula since 1982. The Task Force commander is a US Army colonel, who also serves as the MFO Chief of Staff . The Task Force commander utilizes American forces to support and achieve the overall observe and report mission of the MFO.", "title": "Task Force Sinai" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Following the Declaration by United Nations (the first official use of the term United Nations) on 1 January 1942, the Allied governments appointed the British General Sir Archibald Wavell to the American-British-Dutch-Australian Command (ABDACOM), a supreme command for Allied forces in Southeast Asia. This gave Wavell nominal control of a huge force, albeit thinly spread over an area from Burma to the Philippines to northern Australia. Other areas, including India, Hawaii, and the rest of Australia remained under separate local commands. On 15 January Wavell moved to Bandung in Java to assume control of ABDACOM.", "title": "Pacific War" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "General William Howe, 5th Viscount Howe, KB, PC (10 August 1729 -- 12 July 1814) was a British Army officer who rose to become Commander - in - Chief of British forces during the American War of Independence. Howe was one of three brothers who had distinguished military careers.", "title": "William Howe, 5th Viscount Howe" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Air Force Special Operations Command (AFSOC), headquartered at Hurlburt Field, Florida, is the special operations component of the United States Air Force. An Air Force major command (MAJCOM), AFSOC is also the U.S. Air Force component command to United States Special Operations Command (USSOCOM), a unified combatant command located at MacDill Air Force Base, Florida. AFSOC provides all Air Force Special Operations Forces (SOF) for worldwide deployment and assignment to regional unified combatant commands.", "title": "Air Force Special Operations Command" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The House I Live In is a ten-minute short film written by Albert Maltz, produced by Frank Ross and Mervyn LeRoy, and starring Frank Sinatra. Made to oppose anti-Semitism at the end of World War II, it received an Honorary Academy Award and a special Golden Globe Award in 1946.", "title": "The House I Live In (1945 film)" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Battle of Salaita Hill was the first large-scale engagement of the East African Campaign of the First World War to involve British, Indian, Rhodesian and South African troops. The battle took place on February 12, 1916, as part of the three-pronged offensive into German East Africa launched by General Jan Smuts, who had been given overall command of the Allied forces in the region.", "title": "Battle of Salaita Hill" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Most mammals are viviparous, giving birth to live young. However, the five species of monotreme, the platypuses and the echidnas, lay eggs. The monotremes have a sex determination system different from that of most other mammals. In particular, the sex chromosomes of a platypus are more like those of a chicken than those of a therian mammal. Like marsupials and most other mammals, monotreme young are larval and fetus-like, as the presence of epipubic bones prevents the expansion of the torso, forcing them to produce small young.", "title": "Mammal" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The current Chief of the Defence Staff, the professional head of the British Armed Forces, is General Sir Nicholas Houghton, late Green Howards. He is supported by the Vice Chief of the Defence Staff, by the professional heads of the three services of HM Armed Forces and by the Commander of Joint Forces Command.", "title": "Ministry of Defence (United Kingdom)" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Battle of Rhode Island (also known as the Battle of Quaker Hill and the Battle of Newport) took place on August 29, 1778. Continental Army and militia forces under the command of General John Sullivan had been besieging the British forces in Newport, Rhode Island, which is situated on Aquidneck Island, but they had finally abandoned their siege and were withdrawing to the northern part of the island. The British forces then sortied, supported by recently arrived Royal Navy ships, and they attacked the retreating Americans. The battle ended inconclusively, but the Continental forces withdrew to the mainland and left Aquidneck Island in British hands.", "title": "Battle of Rhode Island" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Battle of Lauffeld, also known as Lafelt, Laffeld, Lawfeld, Lawfeldt, Maastricht or Val, took place on 2 July 1747, during the War of the Austrian Succession. A French army of 80,000 commanded by Marshal Saxe faced a combined British, Dutch, German and Austrian force of 60,000, led by the Duke of Cumberland.", "title": "Battle of Lauffeld" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Lieutenant General Sir James Melville Babington (31 July 1854 – 15 June 1936) was a British Army officer and a renowned leader of cavalry, making a name for himself for his actions in the Second Boer War. He was Commander of the New Zealand Defence Force and one of the most respected British generals in the First World War, in command of the 23rd Division. After the war he was Commander of the British Forces in Italy.", "title": "James Melville Babington" } ]

[ { "answer": "Frank Ross", "id": 489233, "paragraph_support_idx": 13, "question": "The House I Live In >> producer", "raw_question": "The House I Live In >> producer", "statement": "Frank Ross was the producer of The House I Live In." }, { "answer": "Boston", "id": 629230, "paragraph_support_idx": 0, "question": "Frank Ross >> place of birth", "raw_question": "#1 >> place of birth", "statement": "Frank Ross, the producer of The House I Live In, was born in Boston." }, { "answer": "William Howe", "id": 49087, "paragraph_support_idx": 11, "question": "who was the commander of the british forces in Boston", "raw_question": "who was the commander of the british forces in #2", "statement": "William Howe was the commander of the British forces in Boston." } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Later in the 19th century, the navy recovered and became the second finest in the world after the Royal Navy. It conducted a successful blockade of Mexico in the Pastry War of 1838 and obliterated the Chinese navy at the Battle of Foochow in 1884. It also served as an effective link between the growing parts of the French empire. The navy performed well during World War I, in which it mainly protected the naval lanes in the Mediterranean Sea. At the onset of the war, the French -- with 16 battleships, 6 cruisers, and 24 destroyers -- had the largest fleet in the Mediterranean. French defeats in the early stages of World War II, however, forced the British to destroy the French navy at Mers - el - Kebir in order to prevent its fall to the Germans. Currently, French naval doctrine calls for two aircraft carriers, but the French currently only have one, the Charles de Gaulle, due to restructuring. The navy is in the midst of some technological and procurement changes; newer submarines are under construction and Rafale aircraft (the naval version) are currently replacing older aircraft.", "title": "Military history of France" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Theodor Weissenberger (21 December 1914 – 11 June 1950) was a German Luftwaffe military aviator during World War II and a fighter ace credited with 208 enemy aircraft shot down in 375 combat missions. The majority of his victories were claimed near the Arctic Ocean in the northern sector of the Eastern Front, but he also claimed 33 victories over the Western Front. He claimed eight of these victories over the Western Allies while flying the Messerschmitt Me 262 jet fighter.", "title": "Theodor Weissenberger" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Commissioned in the Royal Garrison Artillery on 9 October 1914, Russell served on the Western Front during World War I, where he was twice wounded, won the Military Cross, and in 1918 was promoted acting major. After the war he and his wife returned to Australia and lived at Sandringham in Melbourne, close to the Royal Melbourne Golf Club.", "title": "Alex Russell (golfer)" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Battle of Königsberg, also known as the Königsberg Offensive, was one of the last operations of the East Prussian Offensive during World War II. In four days of violent urban warfare, Soviet forces of the 1st Baltic Front and the 3rd Belorussian Front captured the city of Königsberg – now Kaliningrad, Russia. The siege started in late January 1945 when the Soviets initially surrounded the city. There was heavy fighting for the overland connection between Königsberg and the port of Pillau, but by March 1945 Königsberg was hundreds of kilometres behind the main front line. The battle finished when the German garrison surrendered to the Soviets on 9 April after a three-day assault made their position untenable.", "title": "Battle of Königsberg" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Schlieffen Plan (German: Schlieffen - Plan, pronounced (ʃliːfən plaːn)) was the name given after World War I to the thinking behind the German invasion of France and Belgium on 4 August 1914. Field Marshal Alfred von Schlieffen, the Chief of the Imperial Army German General Staff from 1891 to 1906, devised a deployment plan for a war - winning offensive, in a one - front war against the French Third Republic from 1905 -- 06. After the war, the German official historians of the Reichsarchiv and other writers, described the plan as a blueprint for victory. German historians claimed that the plan had been ruined by Generaloberst (Colonel - General) Helmuth von Moltke the Younger, the Commander - in - Chief of the German army after Schlieffen retired in 1906, who was dismissed after the First Battle of the Marne (5 -- 12 September 1914).", "title": "Schlieffen Plan" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "By summer 1918, a million American soldiers, or \"doughboys\" as they were often called, of the American Expeditionary Forces were in Europe under the command of John J. Pershing, with 25,000 more arriving every week. The failure of Germany's spring offensive exhausted its reserves and they were unable to launch new offensives. The German Navy and home front then revolted and a new German government signed a conditional surrender, the Armistice, ending the war against the western front on November 11, 1918.", "title": "Military history of the United States" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The torch-bearing arm was displayed at the Centennial Exposition in Philadelphia in 1876, and in Madison Square Park in Manhattan from 1876 to 1882. Fundraising proved difficult, especially for the Americans, and by 1885 work on the pedestal was threatened by lack of funds. Publisher Joseph Pulitzer, of the New York World, started a drive for donations to finish the project and attracted more than 120,000 contributors, most of whom gave less than a dollar. The statue was built in France, shipped overseas in crates, and assembled on the completed pedestal on what was then called Bedloe's Island. The statue's completion was marked by New York's first ticker-tape parade and a dedication ceremony presided over by President Grover Cleveland.", "title": "Statue of Liberty" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The term ``First World War ''was first used in September 1914 by German biologist and philosopher Ernst Haeckel, who claimed that`` there is no doubt that the course and character of the feared 'European War'... will become the first world war in the full sense of the word,'' citing a wire service report in The Indianapolis Star on 20 September 1914.", "title": "World War I" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Battle of Transylvania was the first major operation of the Romanian forces Campaign during World War I, beginning on 27 August 1916. It started as an attempt by the Romanian Army to seize the disputed province of Transylvania, and potentially knock Austria-Hungary out of the war. Although initially successful, the offensive was brought to a halt after Bulgaria's attack on Dobruja. Coupled with a successful German and Austro-Hungarian counterattack which started in mid-September, the Romanian Army was eventually forced to retreat back to the Carpathians by mid-October. The Romanian armies however managed to escape the Central Powers' attempts to completely destroy them. The Battle of Transylvania also caused the replacement of the Chief of Staff of the German Army and the shifting of German attention to the region, causing German offensive operations at Verdun to cease.", "title": "Battle of Transylvania" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 59th (2nd North Midland) Division was an infantry division of the British Army during World War I. It was formed in late 1914/early 1915 as a 2nd Line Territorial Force formation raised as a duplicate of the 46th (North Midland) Division. After training in the United Kingdom and saw service in the Easter Rising in April 1916, the division joined the British Expeditionary Force (BEF) on the Western Front in early 1917. It saw action at Ypres and Cambrai, and was almost destroyed during the German Army's Spring Offensive in March 1918. The reconstituted division took part in the final advances of the war.", "title": "59th (2nd North Midland) Division" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Hundred Days Offensive was the final period of the First World War, during which the Allies launched a series of offensives against the Central Powers on the Western Front from 8 August to 11 November 1918, beginning with the Battle of Amiens. The offensive essentially pushed the Germans out of France, forcing them to retreat beyond the Hindenburg Line, and was followed by an armistice. The term ``Hundred Days Offensive ''does not refer to a specific battle or unified strategy, but rather the rapid series of Allied victories starting with the Battle of Amiens.", "title": "Hundred Days Offensive" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "At the beginning of World War I, East Prussia became a theatre of war when the Russian Empire invaded the country. The Russian Army encountered at first little resistance because the bulk of the German Army had been directed towards the Western Front according to the Schlieffen Plan. Despite early success and the capture of the towns of Rastenburg and Gumbinnen, in the Battle of Tannenberg in 1914 and the Second Battle of the Masurian Lakes in 1915, the Russians were decisively defeated and forced to retreat. The Russians were followed by the German Army advancing into Russian territory.", "title": "East Prussia" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Herbert Ihlefeld (1 June 1914 – 8 August 1995) was a German \"Luftwaffe\" military aviator during the Spanish Civil War and World War II, a fighter ace listed with 130 enemy aircraft shot down in over 1,000 combat missions. He claimed seven victories in the Spanish Civil War, and during World War II, 67 on the Eastern Front and 56 on the Western Front, including 15 four-engined bombers and 26 Supermarine Spitfires. He survived being shot down eight times during his 1,000 combat missions.", "title": "Herbert Ihlefeld" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Post-war the Spitfire was to continue to serve as a front line fighter and in secondary roles for several air forces well into the 1950s. The last offensive sorties made by RAF Spitfires were flown by 60 Squadron Mk XVIIIs over Malaya on 1 January 1951.", "title": "Supermarine Spitfire operational history" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Result Allied victory Western Allied offensive plans delayed by five or six weeks Disastrous offensive in the Ardennes exhausted the resources of Germany on the Western Front. The German collapse opened the way for the Allies to ultimately break the Siegfried Line Soviet offensive in Poland launched on 12 January 1945, eight days earlier than originally intended.", "title": "Battle of the Bulge" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "All Quiet on the Western Front (German: Im Westen nichts Neues, lit. 'In the West Nothing New') is a novel by Erich Maria Remarque, a German veteran of World War I. The book describes the German soldiers' extreme physical and mental stress during the war, and the detachment from civilian life felt by many of these soldiers upon returning home from the front.", "title": "All Quiet on the Western Front" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The German Army came within 70 km (43 mi) of Paris but at the First Battle of the Marne (6 -- 12 September), French and British troops were able to force a German retreat by exploiting a gap which appeared between the 1st and 2nd Armies, ending the German advance into France. The German Army retreated north of the Aisne River and dug in there, establishing the beginnings of a static western front that was to last for the next three years. Following this German retirement, the opposing forces made reciprocal outflanking manoeuvres, known as the Race for the Sea and quickly extended their trench systems from the Swiss frontier to the North Sea. The territory occupied by Germany held 64 percent of French pig - iron production, 24 percent of its steel manufacturing and 40 percent of the coal industry -- dealing a serious blow to French industry.", "title": "Western Front (World War I)" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Hundred Days Offensive (8 August to 11 November 1918) was an Allied offensive which ended the First World War. Beginning with the Battle of Amiens (8–12 August) on the Western Front, the Allies pushed Central Powers back after their gains from the Spring Offensive. The Germans eventually retreated to the Hindenburg Line, culminating in the Armistice of 11 November 1918. The term \"Hundred Days Offensive\" does not refer to a battle or strategy, but rather the rapid series of Allied victories against which the German armies had no reply.", "title": "Hundred Days Offensive" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Major-General Gerald James Cuthbert (12 September 1861 – 1 February 1931) was a British Army officer who commanded a battalion in the Boer War and a division in the First World War. Cuthbert joined the Scots Guards in 1882 and served in Egypt and the Sudan during the late 19th century. During the Boer War he served with his regiment, rising to command a battalion and after the war he was given command of a brigade in the Territorial Force and then in the British Expeditionary Force of 1914. He served on the Western Front from 1914 to 1917, rising to command 39th Division, then returned to home service before retiring in 1919.", "title": "Gerald Cuthbert" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Battle of the Bulge (16 December 1944 -- 25 January 1945) was the last major German offensive campaign on the Western Front during World War II. It was launched through the densely forested Ardennes region of Wallonia in eastern Belgium, northeast France, and Luxembourg, towards the end of World War II. The surprise attack caught the Allied forces completely off guard. American forces bore the brunt of the attack and incurred their highest casualties of any operation during the war. The battle also severely depleted Germany's armored forces, and they were largely unable to replace them. German personnel and, later, Luftwaffe aircraft (in the concluding stages of the engagement) also sustained heavy losses.", "title": "Battle of the Bulge" } ]

[ { "answer": "France", "id": 161946, "paragraph_support_idx": 6, "question": "Where was the statue constructed?", "raw_question": "Where was the statue constructed?", "statement": "France constructed the Statue of Liberty." }, { "answer": "World War I", "id": 77663, "paragraph_support_idx": 0, "question": "when was the last time France won a war", "raw_question": "when was the last time #1 won a war", "statement": "France won the last war, World War I, in September 1914." }, { "answer": "First Battle of the Marne", "id": 56335, "paragraph_support_idx": 16, "question": "where was the initial german offensive on World War I i western front stopped in september 1914", "raw_question": "where was the initial german offensive on #2 i western front stopped in september 1914", "statement": "The initial German offensive on the Western Front in World War I was stopped at the First Battle of the Marne in September 1914." } ]

[ "Battle of the Marne" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "When Banu Amin opened one of the country's first religious seminary for women in Iran in the 1960s, the Maktab-e Fatimah of Isfahan, Zīnah al-Sādāt Humāyūnī became its director and remained in that position until 1992. Apparently, the establishment of the maktab was first and foremost Humāyūnī's idea. She made key administrative decisions and devised the study program.", "title": "Zīnah al-Sādāt Humāyūnī" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Although there were human rights abuses committed in Kuwait by the invading Iraqi military, the alleged incidents that received the most publicity in the US were fabrications of the public relations firm hired by the government of Kuwait to influence US opinion in favor of military intervention. Shortly after Iraq's invasion of Kuwait, the organization Citizens for a Free Kuwait was formed in the US. It hired the public relations firm Hill & Knowlton for about $11 million, paid by Kuwait's government.Among many other means of influencing US opinion, such as distributing books on Iraqi atrocities to US soldiers deployed in the region, \"Free Kuwait\" T-shirts and speakers to college campuses, and dozens of video news releases to television stations, the firm arranged for an appearance before a group of members of the US Congress in which a young woman identifying herself as a nurse working in the Kuwait City hospital described Iraqi soldiers pulling babies out of incubators and letting them die on the floor.The story helped tip both the public and Congress towards a war with Iraq: six Congressmen said the testimony was enough for them to support military action against Iraq and seven Senators referenced the testimony in debate. The Senate supported the military actions in a 52–47 vote. However, a year after the war, this allegation was revealed to be a fabrication. The young woman who had testified was found to be a member of Kuwait's Royal Family, in fact the daughter of Kuwait's ambassador to the US. She hadn't lived in Kuwait during the Iraqi invasion.", "title": "Gulf War" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Whereas the Department of Defense is charged with military actions abroad, the Department of Homeland Security works in the civilian sphere to protect the United States within, at, and outside its borders. Its stated goal is to prepare for, prevent, and respond to domestic emergencies, particularly terrorism. On March 1, 2003, DHS absorbed the Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) and assumed its duties. In doing so, it divided the enforcement and services functions into two separate and new agencies: Immigration and Customs Enforcement and Citizenship and Immigration Services. The investigative divisions and intelligence gathering units of the INS and Customs Service were merged forming Homeland Security Investigations. Additionally, the border enforcement functions of the INS, including the U.S. Border Patrol, the U.S. Customs Service, and the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service were consolidated into a new agency under DHS: U.S. Customs and Border Protection. The Federal Protective Service falls under the National Protection and Programs Directorate.", "title": "United States Department of Homeland Security" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "U.S. Air Force Combat Control Team U.S. Air Force Combat Control flash (colorized) Active January 1953 -- present Country United States of America Branch United States Air Force Type Special Operations Force Role Command and Control, Communications, Direct Action, Combat Search and Rescue, Air Support, Light Infantry, Hostage Rescue, Airfield Assault Zone establishment, special reconnaissance, Air traffic control, fire support Size 360 Part of United States Special Operations Command Air Force Special Operations Command Nickname (s) CCT, Air Commando Motto (s) ``First There ''Color of Beret Scarlet Red Engagements Korean War Vietnam War Invasion of Grenada Invasion of Panama Gulf War Operation Gothic Serpent Battle of Mogadishu (1993) Afghanistan War Iraq War Insignia Combat Controller scarlet beret with beret flash", "title": "United States Air Force Combat Control Team" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Americans at the Black Sea () is a 2006 Turkish comedy film, directed by Kartal Tibet, about a U.S. military recovery operation on Turkey's Black Sea coast. The film, which went on nationwide general release across Turkey on .", "title": "Americans at the Black Sea" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Shurooq Amin was born in Kuwait in 1967 to a Kuwaiti father and a Syrian mother. Her father died when she was 11. She earned her BA in English literature from Kuwait University in 1988 and her MA in modern literature from Kent University in 1989. She earned her PhD in creative writing from Warnborough College in 2007, specialising in Ekphrastic art and poetry.", "title": "Shurooq Amin" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The struggle related to the constitutional movement continued until 1911, when Mohammad Ali Shah was defeated and forced to abdicate. On the pretext of restoring order, the Russians occupied Northern Iran in 1911, and maintained a military presence in the region for years to come. During World War I, the British occupied much of Western Iran, and fully withdrew in 1921. The Persian Campaign commenced furthermore during World War I in Northwestern Iran after an Ottoman invasion, as part of the Middle Eastern Theatre of World War I. As a result of Ottoman hostilities across the border, a large amount of the Assyrians of Iran were massacred by the Ottoman armies, notably in and around Urmia. Apart from the rule of Aqa Mohammad Khan, the Qajar rule is characterized as a century of misrule.", "title": "Iran" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "After Pakistan gained its independence in August 1947, Iran was the first country to recognize its sovereign status. Pakistan's relations with Iran grew strained at times due to sectarian tensions, as Pakistani Shias claimed that they were being discriminated against under the Pakistani government's Islamisation programme.", "title": "Iran–Pakistan relations" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1979, the U.S. placed Libya on its list of \"State Sponsors of Terrorism\", while at the end of the year a demonstration torched the U.S. embassy in Tripoli in solidarity with the perpetrators of the Iran hostage crisis. The following year, Libyan fighters began intercepting U.S. fighter jets flying over the Mediterranean, signalling the collapse of relations between the two countries. Libyan relations with Lebanon and Shi'ite communities across the world also deteriorated due to the August 1978 disappearance of imam Musa al-Sadr when visiting Libya; the Lebanese accused Gaddafi of having him killed or imprisoned, a charge he denied. Relations with Syria improved, as Gaddafi and Syrian President Hafez al-Assad shared an enmity with Israel and Egypt's Sadat. In 1980, they proposed a political union, with Libya paying off Syria's £1 billion debt to the Soviet Union; although pressures led Assad to pull out, they remained allies. Another key ally was Uganda, and in 1979, Gaddafi sent 2,500 troops into Uganda to defend the regime of President Idi Amin from Tanzanian invaders. The mission failed; 400 Libyans were killed and they were forced to retreat. Gaddafi later came to regret his alliance with Amin, openly criticising him.", "title": "Muammar Gaddafi" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "After the Soviet Union launched the world's first artificial satellite in 1957, Eisenhower authorized the establishment of NASA, which led to the space race. During the Suez Crisis of 1956, Eisenhower condemned the Israeli, British and French invasion of Egypt, and forced them to withdraw. He also condemned the Soviet invasion during the Hungarian Revolution of 1956 but took no action. In 1958, Eisenhower sent 15,000 U.S. troops to Lebanon to prevent the pro-Western government from falling to a Nasser-inspired revolution. Near the end of his term, his efforts to set up a summit meeting with the Soviets collapsed because of the U-2 incident. In his January 17, 1961 farewell address to the nation, Eisenhower expressed his concerns about the dangers of massive military spending, particularly deficit spending and government contracts to private military manufacturers, and coined the term \"military–industrial complex\".", "title": "Dwight D. Eisenhower" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Elimination of Polish elites and intelligentia was part of Generalplan Ost. The Intelligenzaktion, a plan to eliminate the Polish intelligentsia, Poland's 'leadership class', took place soon after the German invasion of Poland, lasting from fall of 1939 till spring of 1940. As the result of this operation in 10 regional actions about 60,000 Polish nobles, teachers, social workers, priests, judges and political activists were killed. It was continued in May 1940 when Germany launched AB-Aktion, More than 16,000 members of the intelligentsia were murdered in Operation Tannenberg alone.", "title": "Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In the United States Department of Defense, Humanitarian Civic Assistance (HCA) is relief and development activities that take place in the context of an overseas military exercise, training or operation. Under the HCA program, U.S. military personnel participating in overseas deployments carry out humanitarian activities such as road and school construction, vaccination of children and animals, and well-digging. HCA programs are often executed with the involvement of host-country civilian and military personnel. U.S. National Guard or reserve units are involved in many HCA activities.", "title": "Humanitarian civic assistance activities" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Kurdistan (/ ˌkɜːrdɪˈstæn, ˈstɑːn /; Kurdish: کوردستان ‎ (ˌkʊɾdɯˈstɑːn) (listen); lit. ``homeland of the Kurds '') or Greater Kurdistan is a roughly defined geo - cultural historical region wherein the Kurdish people form a prominent majority population and Kurdish culture, languages and national identity have historically been based. Kurdistan roughly encompasses the northwestern Zagros and the eastern Taurus mountain ranges. The territory corresponds to Kurdish irredentist claims.", "title": "Kurdistan" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "An icon in his country of birth, Ycaza's success inspired other diminutive Panamanian youngsters to pursue a career as a jockey. In 1962, \"Sports Illustrated\" magazine published an article about the \"Spanish invasion\" of American Thoroughbred horse racing led by Ycaza.", "title": "Manuel Ycaza" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Prior to 1948, approximately 800,000 Jews were living in lands which now make up the Arab world (excluding Israel). Of these, just under two-thirds lived in the French-controlled Maghreb region, 15–20% in the Kingdom of Iraq, approximately 10% in the Kingdom of Egypt and approximately 7% in the Kingdom of Yemen. A further 200,000 lived in Pahlavi Iran and the Republic of Turkey. Today, around 26,000 Jews live in Arab countries and around 30,000 in Iran and Turkey. A small-scale exodus had begun in many countries in the early decades of the 20th century, although the only substantial aliyah came from Yemen and Syria. The exodus from Arab and Muslim countries took place primarily from 1948. The first large-scale exoduses took place in the late 1940s and early 1950s, primarily in Iraq, Yemen and Libya, with up to 90% of these communities leaving within a few years. The peak of the exodus from Egypt occurred in 1956. The exodus in the Maghreb countries peaked in the 1960s. Lebanon was the only Arab country to see a temporary increase in its Jewish population during this period, due to an influx of refugees from other Arab countries, although by the mid-1970s the Jewish community of Lebanon had also dwindled. In the aftermath of the exodus wave from Arab states, an additional migration of Iranian Jews peaked in the 1980s when around 80% of Iranian Jews left the country.[citation needed]", "title": "Jews" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Pahlavi dynasty () was the last ruling house of the Imperial State of Iran from 1925 until 1979, when the Persian monarchy was overthrown and abolished as a result of the Iranian Revolution. The dynasty was founded by Reza Shah Pahlavi in 1925, a former brigadier-general of the Persian Cossack Brigade, whose reign lasted until 1941 when he was forced to abdicate by the Allies after the Anglo-Soviet invasion of Iran. He was succeeded by his son, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, the last Shah of Iran.", "title": "Pahlavi dynasty" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1964, Turkey tried to invade Cyprus in response to the continuing Cypriot intercommunal violence. But Turkey was stopped by a strongly worded telegram from the US President Lyndon B. Johnson on 5 June, warning that the US would not stand beside Turkey in case of a consequential Soviet invasion of Turkish territory. Meanwhile, by 1964, enosis was a Greek policy that could not be abandoned; Makarios and the Greek prime minister Georgios Papandreou agreed that enosis should be the ultimate aim and King Constantine wished Cyprus \"a speedy union with the mother country\". Greece dispatched 10,000 troops to Cyprus to counter a possible Turkish invasion.", "title": "Cyprus" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 2004, declassified documents revealed that the U.S. was so distraught by the rise in oil prices and being challenged by under-developed countries that they briefly considered military action to forcibly seize Middle Eastern oilfields in late 1973. Although no explicit plan was mentioned, a conversation between U.S. Secretary of Defense James Schlesinger and British Ambassador to the United States Lord Cromer revealed Schlesinger had told him that \"it was no longer obvious to him that the U.S. could not use force.\" British Prime Minister Edward Heath was so worried by this prospect that he ordered a British intelligence estimate of U.S. intentions, which concluded America \"might consider it could not tolerate a situation in which the U.S. and its allies were at the mercy of a small group of unreasonable countries,\" and that they would prefer a rapid operation to seize oilfields in Saudi Arabia and Kuwait, and possibly Abu Dhabi in military action was decided upon. Although the Soviet response to such an act would likely not involve force, intelligence warned \"the American occupation would need to last 10 years as the West developed alternative energy sources, and would result in the ‘total alienation’ of the Arabs and much of the rest of the Third World.\"", "title": "1973 oil crisis" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Invasion of Panama Part of the War on Drugs U.S. soldiers prepare to take La Comandancia in the El Chorrillo neighborhood of Panama City, in December 1989. Date 20 December 1989 (1989 - 12 - 20) -- 31 January 1990 (1 month, 1 week and 4 days) Location Panama Result US victory Military leader Manuel Noriega deposed Belligerents Panama Panama Defense Force United States Panamanian opposition Commanders and leaders Manuel Noriega (POW) George H.W. Bush Maxwell R. Thurman Guillermo Endara Strength 20,000 27,000 Casualties and losses 234 killed 1,908 captured 26 killed 325 wounded Panamanian civilians killed according to U.S. military: 202 United Nations: 500 CODEHUCA: 2,500 -- 3,000 1 Spanish journalist killed", "title": "United States invasion of Panama" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Three days later, when a ceasefire had been agreed, Turkey had landed 30,000 troops on the island and captured Kyrenia, the corridor linking Kyrenia to Nicosia, and the Turkish Cypriot quarter of Nicosia itself. The junta in Athens, and then the Sampson regime in Cyprus fell from power. In Nicosia, Glafkos Clerides assumed the presidency and constitutional order was restored, removing the pretext for the Turkish invasion. But after the peace negotiations in Geneva, the Turkish government reinforced their Kyrenia bridgehead and started a second invasion on 14 August. The invasion resulted in the seizure of Morphou, Karpass, Famagusta and the Mesaoria.", "title": "Cyprus" } ]

[ { "answer": "Kuwait", "id": 144954, "paragraph_support_idx": 5, "question": "What is the place of birth of Shurooq Amin?", "raw_question": "What is the place of birth of Shurooq Amin?", "statement": "Shurooq Amin was born in Kuwait." }, { "answer": "Iraq", "id": 157955, "paragraph_support_idx": 1, "question": "What country's invasion of Kuwait resulted in U.S. military action?", "raw_question": "What country's invasion of #1 resulted in U.S. military action?", "statement": "Iraq's invasion of Kuwait resulted in U.S. military action." }, { "answer": "Kurdish people", "id": 73761, "paragraph_support_idx": 12, "question": "who claimed a homeland in parts of turkey iran and Iraq", "raw_question": "who claimed a homeland in parts of turkey iran and #2", "statement": "The Kurdish people claimed a homeland in parts of Turkey, Iran, and Iraq." } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Marija \"Muska\" Babitzin (born June 28, 1952 in Helsinki, Finland) is a Finnish singer. She became famous in 1971 with her song \"Kirjoita postikorttiin\" ('Write on the postcard'). Her first, eponymous album was released in 1973. It featured the hit \"Krokotiili-rock\" (Crocodile Rock, an Elton John cover song).", "title": "Muska" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "San Diego hosts several major producers of wireless cellular technology. Qualcomm was founded and is headquartered in San Diego, and is one of the largest private-sector employers in San Diego. Other wireless industry manufacturers headquartered here include Nokia, LG Electronics, Kyocera International., Cricket Communications and Novatel Wireless. The largest software company in San Diego is security software company Websense Inc. San Diego also has the U.S. headquarters for the Slovakian security company ESET. San Diego has been designated as an iHub Innovation Center for collaboration potentially between wireless and life sciences.", "title": "San Diego" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Crocodile Hunters is 1949 documentary directed by Lee Robinson about both aboriginal and professional crocodile hunters in the Northern Territory. The film has since been used as a study text for Australian secondary schools.", "title": "Crocodile Hunters" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Kwena Dam is a combined gravity & arch type dam located on the Crocodile River, near Lydenburg, Mpumalanga province, South Africa. It was established in 1984 and it serves mainly for irrigation purposes. The hazard potential of the dam has been ranked high (3).", "title": "Kwena Dam" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In the 1960 presidential election, Democratic candidate and future President John F. Kennedy \"criticized President Eisenhower for not ending discrimination in federally supported housing\" and \"advocated a permanent Fair Employment Practices Commission\".:59 Shortly after taking office, Kennedy issued Executive Order 10925 in March 1961, requiring government contractors to \"consider and recommend additional affirmative steps which should be taken by executive departments and agencies to realize more fully the national policy of nondiscrimination…. The contractor will take affirmative action to ensure that applicants are employed, and that employees are treated during employment, without regard to their race, creed, color, or national origin\".:60 The order also established the President's Committee on Equal Employment Opportunity (PCEEO), chaired by Vice President Lyndon B. Johnson. Federal contractors who failed to comply or violated the executive order were punished by contract cancellation and the possible debarment from future government contracts. The administration was \"not demanding any special preference or treatment or quotas for minorities\" but was rather \"advocating racially neutral hiring to end job discrimination\".:61 Turning to issues of women's rights, Kennedy initiated a Commission on the Status of Women in December 1961. The commission was charged with \"examining employment policies and practices of the government and of contractors\" with regard to sex.:66", "title": "Affirmative action in the United States" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jack Bernstein, (November 5, 1899 – December 26, 1945) was an American boxer given the birthname John Dodick. He became World Junior lightweight Champion, on May 30, 1923 against Johnny Dundee at the Coney Island Velodrome in Brooklyn. When he lost the title to Dundee on December 17, 1923 in a fifteen round split decision at Madison Square Garden, many newspapers felt Bernstein clearly had the edge in the bout and should have retained the title.", "title": "Jack Bernstein" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "William Kennedy Smith is the younger son of Stephen Edward Smith and Jean Kennedy Smith. His mother is the youngest daughter of Joseph P. Kennedy, Sr. and Rose Fitzgerald Kennedy. He is a nephew of President John F. Kennedy, Senator Robert F. Kennedy, and Senator Ted Kennedy. Smith has an elder brother, Stephen Edward Smith Jr., and two adoptive sisters, Kym and Amanda Smith.", "title": "William Kennedy Smith" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Kennedy Dream is an album by American composer/arranger Oliver Nelson recorded in tribute to John F. Kennedy in 1967 for the Impulse! label.", "title": "The Kennedy Dream" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "A number of the city's downtown employers are relatively new, as there has been a marked trend of companies moving from satellite suburbs around Metropolitan Detroit into the downtown core.[citation needed] Compuware completed its world headquarters in downtown in 2003. OnStar, Blue Cross Blue Shield, and HP Enterprise Services are located at the Renaissance Center. PricewaterhouseCoopers Plaza offices are adjacent to Ford Field, and Ernst & Young completed its office building at One Kennedy Square in 2006. Perhaps most prominently, in 2010, Quicken Loans, one of the largest mortgage lenders, relocated its world headquarters and 4,000 employees to downtown Detroit, consolidating its suburban offices. In July 2012, the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office opened its Elijah J. McCoy Satellite Office in the Rivertown/Warehouse District as its first location outside Washington, D.C.'s metropolitan area.", "title": "Detroit" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "PT 109 is a 1963 American Technicolor biographical war film, filmed in Panavision, which depicts the actions of John F. Kennedy (JFK) as an officer of the United States Navy in command of Motor Torpedo Boat \"PT-109\" during the Pacific War of World War II. The film was adapted by Vincent Flaherty and Howard Sheehan from the book \"PT 109: John F. Kennedy in World War II\" by Robert J. Donovan, and the screenplay was written by Robert L. Breen. Cliff Robertson stars as Kennedy, with featured performances by Ty Hardin, James Gregory, Robert Culp, and Grant Williams.", "title": "PT 109 (film)" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``When the Lights Go Out ''is the second single released from British group Five's debut studio album (music), Five. It was released in early 1998. The song was co-written by Eliot Kennedy, Tim Lever and Mike Percy (from the band Dead or Alive), and John McLaughlin. It was co-produced by Eliot Kennedy, Tim Lever and Mike Percy.", "title": "When the Lights Go Out" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Crocodile Dundee in Los Angeles (also known as Crocodile Dundee III) is a 2001 Australian-American action comedy film, directed by Simon Wincer and starring Paul Hogan. It is the sequel to \"Crocodile Dundee II\" (1988) and the third film of the \"Crocodile Dundee\" series. Hogan and Linda Kozlowski reprise their roles as Michael \"Crocodile\" Dundee and Sue Charlton, respectively. The film was shot on location in Los Angeles and in Queensland. Actor Paul Hogan reported that the inspiration for the storyline came during a tour of Litomyšl, Czech Republic in 1993.", "title": "Crocodile Dundee in Los Angeles" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jackie is a 2016 biographical drama film directed by Pablo Larraín and written by Noah Oppenheim. The film stars Natalie Portman as Jackie Kennedy and tells the story of her life after the 1963 assassination of her husband John F. Kennedy. Peter Sarsgaard, Greta Gerwig, Billy Crudup, and John Hurt also star; it was Hurt's final film released before his death in January 2017.", "title": "Jackie (2016 film)" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Patrick Bouvier Kennedy (August 7, 1963 – August 9, 1963) was the infant child of United States President John F. Kennedy and First Lady Jacqueline Kennedy. He was the younger brother of Caroline and John Jr.; another daughter was stillborn. Born prematurely, Kennedy lived just over 39 hours before desperate attempts to save him failed, putting the First Family and nation into mourning. Three months later, his death was eclipsed by his father's assassination, but the Kennedy infant's death brought hyaline membrane disease (HMD) into the public consciousness and inspired further research.", "title": "Patrick Bouvier Kennedy" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Other major employers in the city include Ordnance Survey, the UK's national mapping agency, whose headquarters is located in a new building on the outskirts of the city, opened in February 2011. The Lloyd's Register Group has announced plans to move its London marine operations to a specially developed site at the University of Southampton. The area of Swaythling is home to Ford's Southampton Assembly Plant, where the majority of their Transit models are manufactured. Closure of the plant in 2013 was announced in 2012, with the loss of hundreds of jobs.", "title": "Southampton" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Yad Kennedy (Hebrew: יד קנדי‎), located in the Mateh Yehuda Region near Jerusalem, Israel, is a memorial to John F. Kennedy, the 35th President of the United States, who was assassinated in Dallas, Texas in 1963. The 60-foot high (18 m) memorial is shaped like the stump of a felled tree, symbolizing a life cut short. Inside is a bronze relief of Kennedy, with an eternal flame burning in the center. It is encircled by 51 concrete columns, one for each of the 50 states in the United States plus one for Washington, D.C., that nation's capital. The emblems of the states (and of the District of Columbia) are displayed on each of the columns, and the columns are separated by slim panels of glass. The monument measures approximately 250 feet (76 m) in circumference around its base, and there is space within the memorial for approximately 100 visitors at a time. The monument was built in 1966 with funds donated by American Jewish communities.Yad Kennedy and its adjoining picnic grounds are part of the John F. Kennedy Peace Forest.", "title": "Yad Kennedy" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "It was after moving to Los Angeles, California in 1995 and working in film production at a variety of film companies like New Line Cinema and the Jim Henson Company that he began writing. Davidson is a contributor to National Public Radio's \"All Things Considered\", Wired Magazine, Mental Floss Magazine and The Los Angeles Times.", "title": "Paul Davidson (author)" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Dundee and the Culhane is an American Western drama series starring John Mills and Sean Garrison that aired on CBS from September 6 to December 13, 1967.", "title": "Dundee and the Culhane" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "John Kennedy (born November 17, 1967) is a puppeteer who has worked with The Jim Henson Company since 1990. He hails from Plainfield, Indiana. From 1991 until 2003, Kennedy took over Jim Henson's role of Dr. Teeth, after which Bill Barretta took over in 2005. Kennedy has also performed Kermit the Frog on Disney Cruise Line, replacing Steve Whitmire.", "title": "John Kennedy (puppeteer)" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The company is headquartered in Nizhny Novgorod. Their main production facility, with the adjacent airfield (known in the west as Sormovo Airfield) is located on the western outskirts of the city, in Moskovsky City District. For a long time it was considered that district's most important industrial enterprise and main employer. The \"Sormovo\" appellation attached to the plant's air field may be because formerly (1956–1970) today's Moskovsky District was part of the Sormovo District.", "title": "Sokol Aircraft Plant" } ]

[ { "answer": "The Jim Henson Company", "id": 181137, "paragraph_support_idx": 18, "question": "John Kennedy >> employer", "raw_question": "John Kennedy >> employer", "statement": "John Kennedy was employed by The Jim Henson Company." }, { "answer": "Los Angeles", "id": 603139, "paragraph_support_idx": 16, "question": "The Jim Henson Company >> headquarters location", "raw_question": "#1 >> headquarters location", "statement": "The Jim Henson Company is headquartered in Los Angeles." }, { "answer": "Paul Hogan", "id": 537186, "paragraph_support_idx": 11, "question": "Crocodile Dundee in Los Angeles >> producer", "raw_question": "Crocodile Dundee in #2 >> producer", "statement": "Paul Hogan produced Crocodile Dundee in Los Angeles." } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Triumph Roadster is an automobile which was produced by Britain's Standard Motor Company from 1946 to 1949. It was first available as the Triumph 1800 Roadster (18TR) from 1946 to 1948 and then as the Triumph 2000 Roadster (TRA) from 1948 to 1949.", "title": "Triumph Roadster" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Suzuki RE5 is a motorcycle with a liquid-cooled single-rotor Wankel engine, manufactured by Suzuki from 1974 to 1976. Apart from its unusual engine, the RE5 is otherwise a conventional roadster.", "title": "Suzuki RE5" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Her Triumph is a 1915 American silent drama film starring French dancer and actress Gaby Deslys, distributed by Paramount Pictures. The film was financed by the American film company Famous Players and shot in Paris. \"Her Triumph\" is now considered lost.", "title": "Her Triumph" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The current holder of the post of Leader of the Opposition is Peter Phillips as a result of his party's loss in the 2016 general election and his ascension to leader of the main opposition party in Jamaica in 2017, succeeding Portia Simpson Miller.", "title": "Leader of the Opposition (Jamaica)" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Triumph TR7 is a sports car which was manufactured from September 1974 to October 1981 by the Specialist Division (latterly the \"Jaguar-Rover-Triumph\" division) of British Leyland in the United Kingdom. It was initially produced at the Speke, Liverpool factory, moving to Canley, Coventry in 1978 and then finally to the Rover Solihull plant in 1980. The car was launched in the United States in January 1975, with its UK home market debut in May 1976. The UK launch was delayed at least twice because of high demand for the vehicle in the US, with final sales of new TR7s continuing into 1982.", "title": "Triumph TR7" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jupiter's Travels is a book by Ted Simon which narrates his four-year journey through 126,000 km across 45 countries on a Triumph Tiger 100 500 cc motorcycle from 1973 to 1977. His book was first published in English in 1979.", "title": "Jupiter's Travels" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Triumph Rocket III is a three-cylinder motorcycle made by Triumph Motorcycles Ltd. At it has the largest-displacement engine of any production motorcycle.", "title": "Triumph Rocket III" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The DKW Junior was a small front wheel drive saloon manufactured by Auto Union AG. The car received a positive reaction when first exhibited, initially badged as the DKW 600, at the Frankfurt Motor Show in March 1957. The ‘Junior’ name was given to the (by now) DKW 750 in 1959 when the car went into volume production, but failed to survive an upgrade in January 1963, after which the car was known as the DKW F12. In addition to the saloon, a pretty ‘F12 Roadster’ (cabriolet version) was produced in limited numbers.", "title": "DKW Junior" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 2011, Solidscape was acquired by Stratasys, Inc (SSYS) the world market leader in 3D printing and Rapid Manufacturing systems \"Wohlers Report\".", "title": "Solidscape" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The automotive industry in Japan is one of the most prominent and largest industries in the world. Japan has been in the top three of the countries with most cars manufactured since the 1960s, surpassing Germany. The automotive industry in Japan rapidly increased from the 1970s to the 1990s (when it was oriented both for domestic use and worldwide export) and in the 1980s and 1990s, overtook the U.S. as the production leader with up to 13 million cars per year manufactured and significant exports. After massive ramp - up by China in the 2000s and fluctuating U.S. output, Japan is now currently the third largest automotive producer in the world with an annual production of 9.9 million automobiles in 2012. Japanese investments helped grow the auto industry in many countries throughout the last few decades.", "title": "Automotive industry in Japan" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Fiat Palio is a supermini car which was produced by the Italian manufacturer Fiat since 1996 until 2017. It is a world car, developed by Fiat Automóveis and aimed at developing countries. It has been produced in various countries worldwide, and its platform was also used in the Siena sedan, the Palio Weekend station wagon, the Palio Adventure crossover and the Strada light pick-up truck.", "title": "Fiat Palio" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Italy's most successful club of the 20th century and the most successful club in the history of Italian football, Juventus have won the Italian League Championship, the country's premier football club competition and organised by Lega Nazionale Professionisti Serie A (LNPA), a record 34 times and have the record of consecutive triumphs in that tournament (seven, between 2011 -- 12 and 2017 -- 18). They have also won the Coppa Italia, the country's primary cup competition, a record 13 times, becoming the first team to retain the trophy successfully with their triumph in the 1959 -- 60 season, and the first to win it in three consecutive seasons from the 2014 -- 15 season to the 2016 -- 17 season, and went on to win it a fourth consecutive time in 2017 -- 18. In addition, the club holds the joint record with Milan for Supercoppa Italiana wins with seven, the most recent coming in 2015.", "title": "List of Juventus F.C. records and statistics" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Telstar 18 The Adidas Telstar 18. Type Ball Inception 2017 (2017) Manufacturer Adidas (Speed Sports) Available Yes Current supplier Sialkot, Pakistan (official World Cup match balls) Speed Sports Last production year 2018", "title": "Adidas Telstar 18" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The BMW R nineT is a standard motorcycle introduced by BMW Motorrad in 2014. It is a retro styled roadster viewed by many custom builders as a \"blank canvas for customizing\".", "title": "BMW R nineT" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Triumph TR2 is a sports car produced by the Standard Motor Company in the United Kingdom between 1953 and 1955, during which time 8,636 cars were produced.", "title": "Triumph TR2" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Prime Minister of the United Kingdom is the head of Her Majesty's Government in the United Kingdom. The Prime Minister (informally abbreviated to PM) and Cabinet (consisting of all the most senior ministers, most of whom are government department heads) are collectively accountable for their policies and actions to the Monarch, to Parliament, to their political party and ultimately to the electorate. The office is one of the Great Offices of State. The current holder of the office, Theresa May, leader of the Conservative Party, was appointed by the Queen on 13 July 2016.", "title": "Prime Minister of the United Kingdom" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "E. Chandrasekharan Nair (2 December 1928 – 29 November 2017) was an Indian politician, Minister of Kerala and leader of the Communist Party of India.", "title": "E. Chandrasekharan Nair" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The SEAT Tango roadster is a concept car presented at the 2001 Frankfurt Motor Show, designed by a team directed by Walter de Silva with the contribution of SEAT's chief of exterior design, Steve Lewis.", "title": "SEAT Tango" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Titus Lucretius Tricipitinus was a politician and military leader in the early days of the Roman Republic. Twice, in the years 508 and 504 BC, he was elected Roman Consul, alongside Publius Valerius Poplicola. Also a military leader, he was victorious against Lars Porsena during his first consulate. According to Livy, he led the Roman army together with Valerius against the Sabines in 504 BC and both consuls were awarded the honour of a triumph, however the Fasti Triumphales only mention the triumph of Valerius, in May 504 BC.", "title": "Titus Lucretius Tricipitinus" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Lieutenant Colonel Edward Akroyd (1810–1887), English manufacturer, was born into a textile manufacturing family in 1810, and when he died in 1887, he still owned the family firm. He inherited \"James Akroyd & Sons Ltd.\" from his father in 1847, and he became the owner of one of the country's largest worsted manufacturers.", "title": "Edward Akroyd" } ]

[ { "answer": "Standard Motor Company", "id": 325154, "paragraph_support_idx": 0, "question": "Triumph Roadster >> manufacturer", "raw_question": "Triumph Roadster >> manufacturer", "statement": "Standard Motor Company is the manufacturer of the Triumph Roadster." }, { "answer": "United Kingdom", "id": 786384, "paragraph_support_idx": 14, "question": "Standard Motor Company >> country", "raw_question": "#1 >> country", "statement": "Standard Motor Company, the manufacturer of the Triumph Roadster, is located in the United Kingdom." }, { "answer": "Theresa May", "id": 42990, "paragraph_support_idx": 15, "question": "who is the leader of United Kingdom 2017", "raw_question": "who is the leader of #2 2017", "statement": "Theresa May was the leader of the United Kingdom in 2017." } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mean monthly temperatures range from around 53 F in January to 82 F in July. High temperatures average 64 to 92 °F (18 to 33 °C) throughout the year. High heat indices are common for the summer months in the area, with indices above 110 °F (43.3 °C) possible. The highest temperature recorded was 104 °F (40 °C) on July 11, 1879 and July 28, 1872. It is common for thunderstorms to erupt during a typical summer afternoon. These are caused by the rapid heating of the land relative to the water, combined with extremely high humidity.", "title": "Jacksonville, Florida" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Five major climatic regions are found in Nepal. Of these, Kathmandu Valley is in the Warm Temperate Zone (elevation ranging from 1,200–2,300 metres (3,900–7,500 ft)), where the climate is fairly temperate, atypical for the region. This zone is followed by the Cool Temperate Zone with elevation varying between 2,100–3,300 metres (6,900–10,800 ft). Under Köppen's climate classification, portions of the city with lower elevations have a humid subtropical climate (Cwa), while portions of the city with higher elevations generally have a subtropical highland climate. In the Kathmandu Valley, which is representative of its valley's climate, the average summer temperature varies from 28–30 °C (82–86 °F). The average winter temperature is 10.1 °C (50.2 °F).", "title": "Kathmandu" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Guiyang has a four-season, monsoon-influenced humid subtropical climate (Köppen: Cwa), tempered by its low latitude and high elevation. It has cool winters and moderate-temperature summers; the majority of the year's 1,118 millimetres (44.0 in) of precipitation occurs from May to July. The monthly 24-hour average temperature ranges from 5.1 °C (41.2 °F) in January to 23.9 °C (75.0 °F) in July, while the annual mean is 15.35 °C (59.6 °F). Rain is common throughout the year, with occasional flurries in winter. With monthly percent possible sunshine ranging from 12 percent in January to 41 percent in August, the city receives only 1150 hours of sunshine, making it one of China's least sunny major cities. Average monthly relative humidity is consistently above 75% throughout the year.", "title": "Guiyang" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The climate of the coastal plain is influenced by the Atlantic Ocean, which keeps conditions mild in winter and moderate, although humid, in summer. The highest coastal, daytime temperature averages less than 89 °F (32 °C) during summer months. The coast has mild temperatures in winter, with daytime highs rarely below 40 °F (4 °C). The average daytime temperature in the coastal plain is usually in the mid-50s °F (11–14 °C) in winter. Temperatures in the coastal plain only occasionally drop below the freezing point at night. The coastal plain averages only around 1 inch (2.5 cm) of snow or ice annually, and in many years, there may be no snow or ice at all.", "title": "North Carolina" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "There are over three thousand islands along the rugged coastline of Zhejiang. The largest, Zhoushan Island, is Mainland China's third largest island, after Hainan and Chongming. There are also many bays, of which Hangzhou Bay is the largest. Zhejiang has a humid subtropical climate with four distinct seasons. Spring starts in March and is rainy with changeable weather. Summer, from June to September is long, hot, rainy, and humid. Fall is generally dry, warm and sunny. Winters are short but cold except in the far south. Average annual temperature is around 15 to 19 °C (59 to 66 °F), average January temperature is around 2 to 8 °C (36 to 46 °F) and average July temperature is around 27 to 30 °C (81 to 86 °F). Annual precipitation is about 1,000 to 1,900 mm (39 to 75 in). There is plenty of rainfall in early summer, and by late summer Zhejiang is directly threatened by typhoons forming in the Pacific.", "title": "Zhejiang" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Autumn, winter, and early spring are frequently characterized by rain. Winters are cool and wet with December, the coolest month, averaging 40.6 °F (4.8 °C), with 28 annual days with lows that reach the freezing mark, and 2.0 days where the temperature stays at or below freezing all day; the temperature rarely lowers to 20 °F (−7 °C). Summers are sunny, dry and warm, with August, the warmest month, averaging 66.1 °F (18.9 °C), and with temperatures reaching 90 °F (32 °C) on 3.1 days per year, although 2011 is the most recent year to not reach 90 °F. The hottest officially recorded temperature was 103 °F (39 °C) on July 29, 2009; the coldest recorded temperature was 0 °F (−18 °C) on January 31, 1950; the record cold daily maximum is 16 °F (−9 °C) on January 14, 1950, while, conversely, the record warm daily minimum is 71 °F (22 °C) the day the official record high was set. The average window for freezing temperatures is November 16 thru March 10, allowing a growing season of 250 days.", "title": "Seattle" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The climate of Islamabad has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen climate classifion, with five seasons: Winter (Nov − Feb), Spring (March − April), Summer (May − June), Rainy Monsoon (July − August) and Autumn (September − October). The hottest month is June, where average highs routinely exceed 38 ° C (100.4 ° F). The wettest month is July, with heavy rainfall and evening thunderstorms with the possibility of cloudburst. The coolest month is January, with temperatures variable by location. In Islamabad, temperatures vary from cold to mild, routinely dropping below zero. In the hills there is sparse snowfall. The weather ranges from a minimum of − 3.9 ° C (25.0 ° F) in January to a maximum of 46.1 ° C (115.0 ° F) in June. The average low is 2 ° C (35.6 ° F) in January, while the average high is 38.1 ° C (100.6 ° F) in June. The highest temperature recorded was 46.5 ° C (115.7 ° F) in June, while the lowest temperature was − 4 ° C (24.8 ° F) in January. On 23 July 2001, Islamabad received a record breaking 620 millimetres (24 in) of rain fell in just 10 hours. It was the heaviest rainfall in 24 hours in Islamabad and at any locality in Pakistan during the past 100 years. Following is the weather observed over Islamabad Airport, which is actually located in Rawalpindi.", "title": "Climate of Islamabad" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Cúa (founded in 1690) is a small city capital of the Urdaneta Municipality, located in the Miranda State (Estado Miranda) in the north of Venezuela with an altitude of 490 m. Cúa is noted for warm and clear weather, with year-round sunshine and 60 days of rainfall annually, and an average temperature that range from 18 °C to 28 °C, but with relative low humidity.", "title": "Cúa" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Istanbul's persistently high humidity reaches 80 percent most mornings. Because of this, fog is very common, although more so in northern parts of the city and away from the city center. Dense fog disrupts transportation in the region, including on the Bosphorus, and is common during the autumn and winter months when the humidity remains high into the afternoon. The humid conditions and the fog tend to dissipate by midday during the summer months, but the lingering humidity exacerbates the moderately high summer temperatures. During these summer months, high temperatures average around 29 °C (84 °F) and rainfall is uncommon; there are only about fifteen days with measurable precipitation between June and August. The summer months also have the highest concentration of thunderstorms.Winter is colder in Istanbul than in most other cities around the Mediterranean Basin, with low temperatures averaging 1–4 °C (34–39 °F). Lake-effect snow from the Black Sea is common, although difficult to forecast, with the potential to be heavy and—as with the fog—disruptive to the city's infrastructure. Spring and autumn are mild, but often wet and unpredictable; chilly winds from the northwest and warm gusts from the south—sometimes in the same day—tend to cause fluctuations in temperature. Overall, Istanbul has an annual average of 130 days with significant precipitation, which amounts to 810 millimeters (31.9 in) per year. The highest and lowest temperatures ever recorded in the city center on the Marmara coast are 40.5 °C (105 °F) and −16.1 °C (3 °F). The greatest rainfall recorded in a day is 227 millimeters (8.9 in), and the highest recorded snow cover is 80 centimeters (31 in).", "title": "Istanbul" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Summers in the state are generally hot and humid, with most of the state averaging a high of around 90 °F (32 °C) during the summer months. Winters tend to be mild to cool, increasing in coolness at higher elevations. Generally, for areas outside the highest mountains, the average overnight lows are near freezing for most of the state. The highest recorded temperature is 113 °F (45 °C) at Perryville on August 9, 1930 while the lowest recorded temperature is −32 °F (−36 °C) at Mountain City on December 30, 1917.", "title": "Tennessee" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The climate of New Delhi is a monsoon-influenced humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cwa) with high variation between summer and winter in terms of both temperature and rainfall. The temperature varies from 46 °C (115 °F) in summers to around 0 °C (32 °F) in winters. The area's version of a humid subtropical climate is noticeably different from many other cities with this climate classification in that it features long and very hot summers, relatively dry and mild winters, a monsoonal period, and dust storms. Summers are long, extending from early April to October, with the monsoon season occurring in the middle of the summer. Winter starts in November and peaks in January. The annual mean temperature is around 25 °C (77 °F); monthly daily mean temperatures range from approximately 14 to 34 °C (57 to 93 °F). New Delhi's highest temperature ever recorded is 49.1 °C (120.4 °F) while the lowest temperature ever recorded is −3.2 °C (26.2 °F). Those for Delhi metropolis stand at 49.9 °C (121.8 °F) and −3.2 °C (26.2 °F) respectively. The average annual rainfall is 784 millimetres (30.9 in), most of which is during the monsoons in July and August.", "title": "New Delhi" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The island covers an area of 25 square kilometres (2,500 ha). The eastern side is wetter than the western. Although the climate is essentially arid, the rainfall does average 1000 mm annually, but with considerable variation over the terrain. Summer is from May to November, which is also the rainy season. Winter from December to April is the dry season. Sunshine is very prominent for nearly the entire year and even during the rainy season. Humidity, however, is not very high due to the winds. The average temperature is around 25 °C with day temperatures rising to 32 °C. The average high and low temperatures in January are 28 °C and 22 °C, respectively, while in July they are 30 °C and 24 °C. The lowest night temperature recorded is 13 °C. The Caribbean sea waters in the vicinity generally maintain a temperature of about 27 °C.", "title": "Saint Barthélemy" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Cyprus has one of the warmest climates in the Mediterranean part of the European Union.[citation needed] The average annual temperature on the coast is around 24 °C (75 °F) during the day and 14 °C (57 °F) at night. Generally, summers last about eight months, beginning in April with average temperatures of 21–23 °C (70–73 °F) during the day and 11–13 °C (52–55 °F) at night, and ending in November with average temperatures of 22–23 °C (72–73 °F) during the day and 12–14 °C (54–57 °F) at night, although in the remaining four months temperatures sometimes exceed 20 °C (68 °F).", "title": "Cyprus" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Kopet-Dag mountain range is about 25 kilometres (16 mi) to the south, and Ashgabat's northern boundary touches the Kara-Kum desert. Because of this Ashgabat has a cold desert climate (Köppen climate classification: BWk) with hot, dry summers and cool, short winters. The average high temperature in July is 38.3 °C (100.9 °F). Nighttimes in the summer are warm, with an average minimum temperature in July of 23.8 °C (75 °F). The average January high temperature is 8.6 °C (47.5 °F), and the average low temperature is −0.4 °C (31.3 °F). The highest temperature ever recorded in Ashgabat is 47.2 °C (117 °F), recorded in June 2015. A low temperature of −24.1 °C (−11 °F) was recorded in January 1969. Snow is infrequent in the area. Annual precipitation is only 201 millimetres (7.91 in); March and April are the wettest months, and summer drought, from late June to September, is virtually absolute.", "title": "Ashgabat" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Its average annual temperature is 18.4 °C (65.1 °F). 22.8 °C (73.0 °F) during the day and 13.8 °C (56.8 °F) at night. In the coldest month – January, the maximum temperature typically during the day ranges from 13 to 21 °C (55 to 70 °F), the minimum temperature typically at night ranges from 4 to 12 °C (39 to 54 °F). In the warmest month – August, the maximum temperature during the day typically ranges from 28–34 °C (82–93 °F), about 23 °C (73 °F) at night. Generally, temperatures similar to those experienced in the northern part of Europe in summer last about 8 months, from April to November. March is transitional, the temperature often exceeds 20 °C (68 °F), with an average temperature of 19.0 °C (66 °F) during the day and 10.0 °C (50 °F) at night. December, January and February are the coldest months, with average temperatures around 17 °C (63 °F) during the day and 7 °C (45 °F) at night. Valencia has one of the mildest winters in Europe, owing to its southern location on the Mediterranean Sea and the Foehn phenomenon. The January average is comparable to temperatures expected for May and September in the major cities of northern Europe.", "title": "Valencia" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Don \"Mad Hatter\" Ebert is a retired U.S. soccer forward who spent most of his career with two indoor clubs, the St. Louis Steamers and the Los Angeles Lazers.", "title": "Don Ebert" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Palermo experiences a hot-summer Mediterranean climate (Köppen climate classification: Csa). Winters are cool and wet, while summers are hot and dry. Temperatures in autumn and spring are usually mild. Palermo is one of the warmest cities in Europe (mainly due to its warm nights), with an average annual air temperature of 18.5 °C (65.3 °F). It receives approximately 2,530 hours of sunshine per year. Snow is usually a rare occurrence, but it does occur occasionally if there is a cold front, as the Apennines are too distant to protect the island from cold winds blowing from the Balkans, and the mountains surrounding the city facilite the formation of snow accumulation in Palermo, especially at night. Between the 1940s and the 2000s there have been eleven times when considerable snowfall has occurred: In 1949, in 1956, when the minimum temperature went down to 0 °C (32 °F) and the city was blanketed by several centimeters of snow. Snow also occurred in 1999, 2009 and 2015. The average annual temperature of the sea is above 19 °C (66 °F); from 14 °C (57 °F) in February to 26 °C (79 °F) in August. In the period from May to November, the average sea temperature exceeds 18 °C (64 °F) and in the period from June to October, the average sea temperature exceeds 21 °C (70 °F).", "title": "Palermo" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Summer, June through August, is the hottest time of the year with a mean temperature of 24 ° C (75 ° F) and a mean precipitation of 300 mm (12 inches) with June having more precipitation than either July or August. The extreme highs for the year often occur in July or August. Tropical cyclones and their remains can impact the state during this time of the year, contributing to area rainfall.", "title": "Climate of Missouri" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Washington University in St. Louis (WashU, or WUSTL) is a private research university in St. Louis, Missouri. Founded in 1853, and named after George Washington, the university has students and faculty from all 50 U.S. states and more than 120 countries. As of 2017, 24 Nobel laureates in economics, physiology and medicine, chemistry, and physics have been affiliated with Washington University, nine having done the major part of their pioneering research at the university.Washington University is made up of seven graduate and undergraduate schools that encompass a broad range of academic fields. To prevent confusion over its location, the Board of Trustees added the phrase \"in St. Louis\" in 1976.", "title": "Washington University in St. Louis" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The January daily average is 33.0 °F (0.6 °C), though, in a normal winter, the temperature frequently rises to 50 °F (10 °C) during thaws and dips to 10 °F (−12 °C) for 2 or 3 nights. July averages 78.1 °F (25.6 °C), although heat waves accompanied by high humidity and heat indices are frequent; highs reach or exceed 90 °F (32 °C) on 27 days of the year. The average window for freezing temperatures is November 6 thru April 2, allowing a growing season of 217 days. Early fall and late winter are generally dry; February's average of 2.64 inches (67 mm) makes it the area's driest month. The dewpoint in the summer averages between 59.1 °F (15 °C) to 64.5 °F (18 °C).", "title": "Philadelphia" } ]

[ { "answer": "St. Louis", "id": 144079, "paragraph_support_idx": 15, "question": "In what city was Don Ebert born?", "raw_question": "In what city was Don Ebert born?", "statement": "Don Ebert was born in St. Louis." }, { "answer": "Missouri", "id": 159891, "paragraph_support_idx": 18, "question": "Where is Washington University in St. Louis located?", "raw_question": "Where is Washington University in #1 located?", "statement": "Washington University in St. Louis is located in Missouri." }, { "answer": "75 ° F", "id": 90527, "paragraph_support_idx": 17, "question": "what is the average summer temperature in Missouri", "raw_question": "what is the average summer temperature in #2", "statement": "The average summer temperature in Missouri is 75 ° F." } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "China shares international borders with 14 sovereign states. In addition, there is a 30 - km border with the special administrative region of Hong Kong, which was a British dependency before 1997, and a 3 km border with Macau, a Portuguese territory until 1999. With a land border of 22,117 kilometres (13,743 mi) in total it also has the longest land border of any country.", "title": "Borders of China" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "In 1990 religion and politics intersected to impact the outcome of the Eighth District election in South Richmond. With the endorsements of black power brokers, black clergy and the Richmond Crusade for Voters, South Richmond residents made history, electing Reverend A. Carl Prince to the Richmond City Council. As the first African American Baptist Minister elected to the Richmond City Council, Prince's election paved the way for a political paradigm shift in politics that persist today. Following Prince's election, Reverend Gwendolyn Hedgepeth and the Reverend Leonidas Young, former Richmond Mayor were elected to public office. Prior to Prince's election black clergy made political endorsements and served as appointees to the Richmond School Board and other boards throughout the city. Today religion and politics continues to thrive in the Commonwealth of Virginia. The Honorable Dwight C. Jones, a prominent Baptist pastor and former Chairman of the Richmond School Board and Member of the Virginia House of Delegates serves as Mayor of the City of Richmond.", "title": "Richmond, Virginia" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Young Captives is a 1959 film directed by Irvin Kershner and starring Steven Marlo, Luana Patten, and Tom Selden.", "title": "The Young Captives" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Currently, the mayor is Jarle Skeidsvoll of the Christian Democratic Party. He was elected in 2015 and will serve until 2019. From 2003-2015, the mayor of Osterøy was Kari Foseid Aakre from the Labour Party.", "title": "Osterøy" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "William Short (January 11, 1866 – January 27, 1926) was a politician in Alberta, Canada and a two time mayor of Edmonton.", "title": "William Short (Alberta politician)" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Brookport is a city in Massac County, Illinois, United States. The population was 1,054 at the 2000 census. It is part of the Paducah, KY-IL Micropolitan Statistical Area. The current Mayor of Brookport, Tami Wessel, is one of nine Libertarian mayors in the United States.", "title": "Brookport, Illinois" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "According to the Library of Virginia \"William Selden was born 31 January 1791 in Henrico County, Virginia, to Miles Selden (1752-1811) and Elizabeth Armistead Selden (1752-1833). He was a member for Henrico County in the House of Delegates from 1813 to 1816 and from 1818 to 1821. He later served as Registrar of the Land Office. He married first Maria Eliza Swann (d. 1834) 26 November 1833, and they had one child. He married second Emily Hunter 9 June 1840, and they had eight children. Selden died 7 April 1874.\"", "title": "William Selden" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "A. I. Selden Dam is a dam in Hale County, Alabama. The concrete gravity dam was constructed in 1958 by the United States Army Corps of Engineers with a height of and long at its crest. It impounds the Black Warrior River for navigation and flood control. Named for the U.S. Representative from Alabama, Armistead I. Selden, Jr., the dam is owned and operated by the Corps of Engineers.", "title": "A. I. Selden Dam" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The city shares a 15-mile (24 km) border with Mexico that includes two border crossings. San Diego hosts the busiest international border crossing in the world, in the San Ysidro neighborhood at the San Ysidro Port of Entry. A second, primarily commercial border crossing operates in the Otay Mesa area; it is the largest commercial crossing on the California-Baja California border and handles the third-highest volume of trucks and dollar value of trade among all United States-Mexico land crossings.", "title": "San Diego" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The city has a Mayor and is one of the 16 cities and towns in England and Wales to have a ceremonial sheriff who acts as a deputy for the Mayor. The current and 793rd Mayor of Southampton is Linda Norris. Catherine McEwing is the current and 578th sherriff. The town crier from 2004 until his death in 2014 was John Melody, who acted as master of ceremonies in the city and who possessed a cry of 104 decibels.", "title": "Southampton" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Team Number of wins Notes Most recent Western Province 34 Four shared 2017 Northern Transvaal / Blue Bulls 23 Four shared 2009 Transvaal / Gauteng Lions / Golden Lions 11 One shared 2015 Natal / Sharks 7 2013 Orange Free State / Free State Cheetahs 5 One shared 2016 Griqualand West / Griquas 1970 Border / Border Bulldogs Two shared 1934", "title": "Currie Cup" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "William Bainbridge Castle (November 30, 1814 – February 28, 1872) was an American politician of the Whig Party who served as the 11th and final mayor of Ohio City from 1853 to 1854 and the 14th mayor of Cleveland, Ohio from 1855 to 1856.", "title": "William B. Castle" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Selden is a hamlet (and census-designated place) in the Town of Brookhaven in Suffolk County, New York, United States. The population was 19,851 at the 2010 census.", "title": "Selden, New York" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Guildford Lido was opened in June 1933 by the Mayor of Guildford, Alderman William Harvey. It has been in continuous use for over eight decades.", "title": "Guildford Lido" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "William Little (August 8, 1809 – August 26, 1887) served as Mayor of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA, from 1839 to 1840.", "title": "William Little (Pittsburgh mayor)" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Spencer was born in East Haddam, Connecticut. Spencer was the son of Isaac and Mary (née Selden) Spencer. He was the great-grandson of Gerard and Hannah Spencer, who were part of the first settlers of East Haddam in 1662.", "title": "Joseph Spencer" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "William Rathbone V (17 June 1787 – 1 February 1868) was an English merchant and politician, serving as Lord Mayor of Liverpool.", "title": "William Rathbone V" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The San Lucas AVA is an American Viticultural Area located in Monterey County, California. It is located at the southern end of Salinas Valley, shares an eastern border with the Chalone AVA, and is bordered on the west by the Santa Lucia Range foothills. The appellation has the largest diurnal temperature variation of any of California's AVAs. There is a current petition to designate the San Bernabe vineyard, located at the region's northern end, as its own AVA. The vineyard is currently the world's largest continuous vineyard.", "title": "San Lucas AVA" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Richmond Raceway is in the central portion of Henrico County near Mechanicsville, just north of the Richmond city limits. The raceway seats approximately 60,000 people and holds two NASCAR doubleheader race weekends per year. Additionally, Richmond International Airport is located in the eastern portion of Henrico County in Sandston. Top private employers in the county include Capital One, Bon Secours Richmond Health System, and Anthem.", "title": "Henrico County, Virginia" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Hansapur is a Village Development Committee in Pyuthan, a \"Middle Hills\" district of Rapti Zone, western Nepal. The village lies to the north east of the district sharing its border mainly to Aargakhanchi. The area is mostly inhabited by Bhramins and other castes too. The village or VDC is prominently a developing area in the district with proper facilities of electricity and communication. The place is well established for ginger (Aduwa) and bee honey (Maha; local).", "title": "Hansapur, Rapti" } ]

[ { "answer": "Henrico County", "id": 296445, "paragraph_support_idx": 6, "question": "William Selden >> place of birth", "raw_question": "William Selden >> place of birth", "statement": "William Selden was born in Henrico County." }, { "answer": "Richmond", "id": 691163, "paragraph_support_idx": 18, "question": "Henrico County >> shares border with", "raw_question": "#1 >> shares border with", "statement": "Henrico County shares a border with Richmond." }, { "answer": "Dwight C. Jones", "id": 39849, "paragraph_support_idx": 1, "question": "What is the current mayor of Richmond ?", "raw_question": "What is the current mayor of #2 ?", "statement": "Dwight C. Jones is the current mayor of Richmond." } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Nambugun: North Korean Partisan in South Korea is a 1990 South Korean war drama film directed by Chung Ji-young. It is based upon the experiences of Lee Tae, a war correspondent during the Korean War.", "title": "Nambugun" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Prince and the Showgirl (originally called The Sleeping Prince) is a 1957 British - American romantic comedy film starring Marilyn Monroe and Laurence Olivier. Olivier also served as director and producer. The screenplay by Terence Rattigan was based on his 1953 stage play The Sleeping Prince. It was filmed in London.", "title": "The Prince and the Showgirl" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Nikolai Vasilyevich Sutyagin (; 5 May 1923 – 12 November 1986) was a Soviet fighter pilot in the Second World War and the Korean War. He considered by most Russian sources to be the top ace of the Korean War, with 22 victories.", "title": "Nikolai Sutyagin" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In contrast to Hiroshima, almost all of the buildings were of old-fashioned Japanese construction, consisting of timber or timber-framed buildings with timber walls (with or without plaster) and tile roofs. Many of the smaller industries and business establishments were also situated in buildings of timber or other materials not designed to withstand explosions. Nagasaki had been permitted to grow for many years without conforming to any definite city zoning plan; residences were erected adjacent to factory buildings and to each other almost as closely as possible throughout the entire industrial valley. On the day of the bombing, an estimated 263,000 people were in Nagasaki, including 240,000 Japanese residents, 10,000 Korean residents, 2,500 conscripted Korean workers, 9,000 Japanese soldiers, 600 conscripted Chinese workers, and 400 Allied prisoners of war in a camp to the north of Nagasaki.", "title": "Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Macau was administered by the Portuguese Empire and its inheritor states from the mid-16th century until late 1999, when it constituted the last remaining European colony in Asia. Portuguese traders first settled in Macau in the 1550s. In 1557, Macau was leased to Portugal from Ming China as a trading port. The Portuguese Empire administered the city under Chinese authority and sovereignty until 1887, when Macau became a colony through a mutual agreement between the two countries. Sovereignty over Macau was transferred back to China on 20 December 1999. The Joint Declaration on the Question of Macau and Macau Basic Law stipulate that Macau operate with a high degree of autonomy until at least 2049, fifty years after the transfer.", "title": "Macau" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Prince of Tears () is a 2009 Taiwanese historical drama film by Yonfan. It was nominated for the Golden Lion at the 66th Venice International Film Festival. It tells the story of a family embroiled in the tragic \"White Terror\" suppression of political dissidents that was wrought during the 1950s by the Kuomintang government (KMT) after their acquisition of Taiwan in the 1940s.", "title": "Prince of Tears" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Box of Death (주검의 상자 - \"Jugeomeui sangja\") is a 1955 South Korean film directed by Kim Ki-young. It was the celebrated director's debut film, and the first Korean film to use synchronous sound.", "title": "Box of Death" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Love Yourself 轉 'Tear' (stylized as LOVE YOURSELF 轉 'Tear') is the third Korean studio album (sixth overall) by South Korean boy band BTS. The album was released on May 18, 2018 by Big Hit Entertainment. It is available in four versions and contains eleven tracks, with ``Fake Love ''as its lead single. The concept album explores themes relating to the pains and sorrows of separation. It debuted at number one on the US Billboard 200, becoming BTS 'highest - charting album in a Western market, as well as the first K - pop album to top the US albums chart and the highest - charting album by an Asian act.", "title": "Love Yourself: Tear" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Some historians believe Emperor Hirohito was directly responsible for the atrocities committed by the imperial forces in the Second Sino - Japanese War and in World War II. They feel that he, and some members of the imperial family such as his brother Prince Chichibu, his cousins Prince Takeda and Prince Fushimi, and his uncles Prince Kan'in, Prince Asaka, and Prince Higashikuni, should have been tried for war crimes.", "title": "Hirohito" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The immediate cause of the war resided in the candidacy of a Leopold of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen, a Prussian prince, to the throne of Spain. France feared encirclement by an alliance between Prussia and Spain. The Hohenzollern prince's candidacy was withdrawn under French diplomatic pressure, but Otto von Bismarck goaded the French into declaring war by altering a telegram sent by William I. Releasing the Ems Dispatch to the public, Bismarck made it sound as if the king had treated the French envoy in a demeaning fashion, which inflamed public opinion in France.", "title": "Franco-Prussian War" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Islam in Macau is a minority religion in the region. Currently there are around more than 400 Muslims in Macau in which they call themselves as The Macau Islamic Society. According to the Islamic Union of Hong Kong, together with all of the foreign Muslim workers combined (such as from Bangladesh, India, Indonesia and Pakistan), Muslims in Macau accounted for more than 10,000 people.", "title": "Islam in Macau" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Demilitarized Zone runs northeast of the 38th parallel; to the south, it travels west. The old Korean capital city of Kaesong, site of the armistice negotiations, originally was in pre-war South Korea, but now is part of North Korea. The United Nations Command, supported by the United States, the North Korean People's Army, and the Chinese People's Volunteers, signed the Armistice Agreement on 27 July 1953 to end the fighting. The Armistice also called upon the governments of South Korea, North Korea, China and the United States to participate in continued peace talks. The war is considered to have ended at this point, even though there was no peace treaty. North Korea nevertheless claims that it won the Korean War.", "title": "Korean War" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "In China, the war is officially called the \"War to Resist U.S. Aggression and Aid Korea\" (simplified Chinese: 抗美援朝战争; traditional Chinese: 抗美援朝戰爭; pinyin: Kàngměiyuáncháo zhànzhēng), although the term \"Chaoxian (Korean) War\" (simplified Chinese: 朝鲜战争; traditional Chinese: 朝鮮戰爭; pinyin: Cháoxiǎn zhànzhēng) is also used in unofficial contexts, along with the term \"Korean Conflict\" (simplified Chinese: 韩战; traditional Chinese: 韓戰; pinyin: Hán Zhàn) more commonly used in regions such as Hong Kong and Macau.", "title": "Korean War" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "During the Korean War, Hyon served as Kim Il-sung's bodyguard, a role which gave him \"a place in North Korea's revolutionary history\". He was director of the General Logistics Department of the Korean People's Army from 1986 to 1995, when he was appointed deputy director of the General Political Department, becoming one of the senior most members of the North Korean military and political leadership. He has been described as being in \"close proximity\" to Kim Jong-il, and as reporting directly to him. It had been suggested that, following Kim Jong-il's death, he may have taken part in a military council leadership of the country. He was transferred to director of the Standing Bureau of the National Defence Commission. He has been a member of the Central Committee of the Workers' Party of Korea since 1991.", "title": "Hyon Chol-hae" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Peony Pavilion is a 2001 Hong Kong drama film directed by Yonfan. It was entered into the 23rd Moscow International Film Festival where Rie Miyazawa won the award for Best Actress.", "title": "Peony Pavilion (film)" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Sociedade de Turismo e Diversões de Macau, SA; abbreviated as STDM, () (English: \"Tourism and Entertainment Company of Macau Limited\") is a company in Macau owned by Stanley Ho and his family. Historically, it has held a monopoly to Macau's gambling industry as the only licensee for casinos. In 2002, the government of Macau began issuing more licenses and the monopoly was broken. Still, of the 30 operating casinos in Macau, 14 are owned by Stanley Ho.", "title": "Sociedade de Turismo e Diversões de Macau" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Love Yourself 轉 'Tear' (stylized as LOVE YOURSELF 轉 'Tear') is the third Korean studio album (sixth overall) by South Korean boy band BTS. The album was released on May 18, 2018 by Big Hit Entertainment. It is available in four versions and contains eleven tracks, with ``Fake Love ''as its lead single. The concept album explores themes relating to the pains and sorrows of separation. On May 27, 2018, the album debuted at number one on the US Billboard 200, earning 135,000 album - equivalent units becoming BTS 'highest - charting album in a Western market, as well as the first K - pop album to top the US albums chart and the highest - charting album by an Asian act.", "title": "Love Yourself: Tear" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The first overseas deployment of Canadian military forces occurred during the Second Boer War, when several units were raised to serve under British command. Similarly, when the United Kingdom entered into conflict with Germany in the First World War, Canadian troops were called to participate in European theatres. The Canadian Crown-in-Council then decided to send its forces into the Second World War, as well as the Korean War.", "title": "Canadian Armed Forces" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Palais Ludwig Ferdinand (also called the Alfons Palais and the Siemens Palais) is an early 19th-century palace in Munich, Germany, designed by Leo von Klenze. It is located on the Wittelsbacherplatz (at number 4) but forms part of an ensemble with the buildings on the west side of the Odeonsplatz. It was Klenze's own residence, then belonged to Princes Alfons and Ludwig Ferdinand of Bavaria. It is now the headquarters of Siemens.", "title": "Palais Ludwig Ferdinand" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Oliver Prince Smith (October 26, 1893 -- December 25, 1977) was a highly decorated combat veteran of World War II and the Korean War. He is most noted for commanding the 1st Marine Division during the Battle of Chosin Reservoir, where he said ``Retreat, hell! We're not retreating, we're just advancing in a different direction. ''He retired at the rank of four - star general, being advanced in rank for having been specially commended for heroism in combat.", "title": "Oliver P. Smith" } ]

[ { "answer": "Yonfan", "id": 189331, "paragraph_support_idx": 5, "question": "Prince of Tears >> director", "raw_question": "Prince of Tears >> director", "statement": "Yonfan is the director of Prince of Tears." }, { "answer": "Hong Kong", "id": 481978, "paragraph_support_idx": 14, "question": "Yonfan >> residence", "raw_question": "#1 >> residence", "statement": "Yonfan's residence in Hong Kong." }, { "answer": "Korean Conflict", "id": 18264, "paragraph_support_idx": 12, "question": "What did Macau and Hong Kong call the Korean War?", "raw_question": "What did Macau and #2 call the Korean War?", "statement": "Macau and Hong Kong called the Korean War the Korean Conflict." } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Richmond is located at 37°32′N 77°28′W / 37.533°N 77.467°W / 37.533; -77.467 (37.538, −77.462). According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 62 square miles (160 km2), of which 60 square miles (160 km2) is land and 2.7 square miles (7.0 km2) of it (4.3%) is water. The city is located in the Piedmont region of Virginia, at the highest navigable point of the James River. The Piedmont region is characterized by relatively low, rolling hills, and lies between the low, sea level Tidewater region and the Blue Ridge Mountains. Significant bodies of water in the region include the James River, the Appomattox River, and the Chickahominy River.", "title": "Richmond, Virginia" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Malton Range is a mountain range in southeastern British Columbia, Canada, located southwest of the Canoe Reach of Kinbasket Lake and east of the Albreda River, north of Dominion Mountain. It has an area of 451 km and is a subrange of the Monashee Mountains which in turn form part of the Columbia Mountains.", "title": "Malton Range" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Germantown is a town in Columbia County, New York, United States. The population was 1,954 at the 2010 census. Germantown is located in the southwest part of the county, along the east side of the Hudson River.", "title": "Germantown (town), New York" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Colorado River Compact is a 1922 agreement among seven U.S. states in the basin of the Colorado River in the American Southwest governing the allocation of the water rights to the river's water among the parties of the interstate compact. The agreement was signed at a meeting at Bishop's Lodge, near Santa Fe, New Mexico, by representatives of the seven states the Colorado river and its tributaries pass through on the way to Mexico.", "title": "Colorado River Compact" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Muskwa Ranges are a group of mountain ranges in northern British Columbia, Canada. They are part of the Northern Rockies section of the Rocky Mountains and are bounded on their west by the Rocky Mountain Trench and on their east by the Rocky Mountain Foothills. They are delimited on the north by the Liard River and on the south by the Peace Reach of the Lake Williston reservoir (formerly the Peace River), south of which the next major grouping of the Rockies is the Hart Ranges.", "title": "Muskwa Ranges" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Bonanza Range is a small mountain range on Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada, located in the area between the Nimpkish River and the Tsitika River. It has an area of 150 km and is a subrange of the Vancouver Island Ranges which in turn form part of the Insular Mountains.", "title": "Bonanza Range" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Columbia Bar, also frequently called the Columbia River Bar, is a system of bars and shoals at the mouth of the Columbia River spanning the U.S. states of Oregon and Washington. The bar is about 3 miles (5 km) wide and 6 miles (10 km) long.", "title": "Columbia Bar" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Motulalo is the largest islet of Nukufetau, Tuvalu. The traditional history of Nukufetau recalls that in order to protect the atoll from raiders from Tonga, Tauasa, an aliki (chief), was given Motulalo. Tauasa would pull up coconut trees and throw them at the raiders.", "title": "Motulalo" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Big Bend Ranges are a subrange of the Selkirk Mountains of the Columbia Mountains in southeastern British Columbia, Canada, located in Big Bend of the Columbia River north of the Illecillewaet River.", "title": "Big Bend Ranges" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Rainy River is a river in Presque Isle County, Michigan, in the United States. It is located in the northern part of the Lower Peninsula of Michigan, flowing northwest from Rainy Lake to Black Lake. Its waters, after passing through Black Lake, flow via the Black River and the Cheboygan River to Lake Huron.", "title": "Rainy River (Michigan)" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Banderas River () is a river located in the southern part of the Ahuachapán Department of El Salvador. Precipitations along the river are suitable for municipal water, irrigation, and water wells.", "title": "Banderas River" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Murray Mouth is the point at which the River Murray meets the Southern Ocean. The Murray Mouth's location is changeable. Historical records show that the channel out to sea moves along the sand dunes over time. At times of greater river flow and rough seas, the two bodies of water would erode the sand dunes to create a new channel leaving the old one to silt and disappear.", "title": "Murray Mouth" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Tokinivae is an islet of Nui atoll, in the Pacific Ocean state of Tuvalu.< Nui tradition is that Kolaka, a warrior from Nukufetau came on several raiding expeditions to Tokinivae, until he was killed and buried at Tararorae.", "title": "Tokinivae" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Bulkley Ranges is mountain range in northern British Columbia, Canada, located between the Skeena and Bulkley Rivers south of Hazelton, north of the Morice River and Zymoetz River. It has an area of 7851 km and is a subrange of the Hazelton Mountains which in turn form part of the Interior Mountains.", "title": "Bulkley Ranges" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Saw Kill may refer to three different bodies of water in New York. Two are tributaries and make up watersheds on the eastern bank of the Hudson River. The northernmost of these is in the Town of Stuyvesant, New York in Columbia County and the southernmost of these is in the Town of Red Hook, New York in Dutchess County. The northern Saw Kill is more commonly known as Mill Creek today. The third tributary drains into Esopus Creek on the Hudson’s west bank. This article refers to the southern body of water on the east bank as Saw Kill (east) and the body of water on the west bank as Saw Kill (west).", "title": "Saw Kill" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Forward Harbour was a cannery town in the Johnstone Strait region of the Central Coast of British Columbia, Canada, located on the inlet of the same name, which is on the mainland side of Wellbore Channel, to the east of Hardwicke Island. Nearby on the same vicinity on the Mainland, though fronting on other bodies of water, are Jackson Bay to the immediate north, off Sunderland Channel, and Heydon Bay, British Columbia to the east on Loughborough Inlet.", "title": "Forward Harbour" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Harrisville Pond is a water body located in Cheshire County in southwestern New Hampshire, United States, in the town of Harrisville. It is one of many lakes and ponds along Nubanusit Brook, a tributary of the Contoocook River. Water from Nubanusit Lake flows via the Great Meadows into the pond on the north side and out of the pond at two dams on the south side. One dam allows the level of the pond to be raised or lowered and also adjusts the flow through the mills that span that part of the outlet, while the other dam is made of large stones and sandbags. The village of Harrisville is located at the outlet of the pond.", "title": "Harrisville Pond" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The W. A. C. Bennett Dam is a large hydroelectric dam on the Peace River in northern British Columbia, Canada. At high, it is one of the world's highest earth fill dams. Construction of the dam began in 1961 and culminated in 1968. At the dam, the Finlay, the Parsnip and the Peace Rivers feed into Williston Lake, also referred to as Williston Reservoir. It is the third largest artificial lake in North America (after the Smallwood Reservoir and Manicouagan) as well as the largest body of fresh water in British Columbia. Williston Lake runs 250 kilometres north-south and 150 kilometres east-west.", "title": "W. A. C. Bennett Dam" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The restricted flow of waters from cataclysmic floods from Glacial Lake Missoula, and pluvial Lake Bonneville through the constriction of the Wallula Gap in the Horse Heaven Hills flowed into south-central Washington and north-central Oregon, and were backed up by the Columbia River Gorge, forming Lake Condon. The water remained for a period of 5–7 days before the flood waters drained through the Columbia River Gorge. Lake Condon reached an elevation of about 1200 feet above sea level (today's sea level) before subsiding.", "title": "Lake Condon" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Red River is a tributary of the Kechika River in the far north of British Columbia, Canada, flowing east to meet the Kechika from headwaters in the Cassiar Mountains. In its middle reaches it forms the boundary between the Dease Plateau (N) and the Cassiar Mountains (S) and for its final stretch it crosses part of the Liard Plain. It is crossed by an unnamed road about upstream from its confluence with the Kechika, and is just to the north of Aeroplane Lake.", "title": "Red River (British Columbia)" } ]

[ { "answer": "Nukufetau", "id": 849358, "paragraph_support_idx": 7, "question": "Motulalo >> part of", "raw_question": "Motulalo >> part of", "statement": "Motulalo is part of Nukufetau." }, { "answer": "Pacific Ocean", "id": 715233, "paragraph_support_idx": 12, "question": "Nukufetau >> located in or next to body of water", "raw_question": "#1 >> located in or next to body of water", "statement": "Nukufetau is located in or next to the Pacific Ocean." }, { "answer": "Columbia Bar", "id": 59314, "paragraph_support_idx": 6, "question": "where does the columbia river meet Pacific Ocean", "raw_question": "where does the columbia river meet #2", "statement": "The Columbia River meets the Pacific Ocean at the Columbia Bar." } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Theodore Mann, birth name Goldman, (May 13, 1924 – February 24, 2012) was an American theatre producer and director and the Artistic Director of the Circle in the Square Theatre School.", "title": "Theodore Mann" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ernesto Federico Michel (born October 12, 1970 in Paraná, Entre Ríos) is a retired male basketball player (2.00 metres) from Argentina, who competed for his native country at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, Georgia, finishing in ninth place in the overall-rankings. He was nicknamed \"Nito\" during his career.", "title": "Ernesto Michel" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Caro maestro (Dear teacher) is an Italian television comedy series which aired from 1996 to 1997 on Canale 5. The series follows Stefano Giusti (Marco Columbro), a bus driver who is allowed to teach at Forte dei Marmi elementary school in which he was raised. There, he meets and falls in love with Elisa (Elena Sofia Ricci), teacher and director of the school, with whom he used to date.", "title": "Caro maestro" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Born in Rome, Fago began his cinema career in 1959 as assistant director of, among others, Mario Monicelli, Camillo Mastrocinque, Vittorio De Sica, Renato Castellani, Joseph L. Mankiewicz, Lucio Fulci. In 1967 he became a director, consecutively filming three spaghetti westerns, \"Per 100.000 dollari ti ammazzo\", \"Uno di più all'inferno\" and \"O' Cangaçeiro\". During the 1970s and the 1980s he focused primarily on television works.", "title": "Giovanni Fago" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Embassy of Armenia in London is the diplomatic mission of Armenia in the United Kingdom. Diplomatic relations between the two countries were established in 1992.", "title": "Embassy of Armenia, London" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "As of 2010, the maternal mortality rate was 560 deaths/100,000 live births, and the infant mortality rate was 59.34 deaths/1,000 live births. Female genital mutilation (FGM) is rare in the country, being confined to limited geographic areas of the country.", "title": "Republic of the Congo" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Michelle Sawatzky-Koop (born July 14, 1970 in Steinbach, Manitoba) is a retired female volleyball player from Canada, who competed for her native country at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, Georgia. There, she ended up in ninth place with the Women's National Team.", "title": "Michelle Sawatzky-Koop" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Michelle is a given name, originally the French feminine form of Michel, from the Hebrew name Michael meaning \"Who is like God?\". It is now extensively used in English-speaking as well as French-speaking countries. It is also a surname.", "title": "Michelle (name)" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Embassy of Poland in Oslo is the diplomatic mission of the Republic of Poland to the Kingdom of Norway, the ambassador, however, is also accredited to the Republic of Iceland. The chancery is located at Olav Kyrres Plass 1, Oslo.", "title": "Embassy of Poland in Oslo" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "I Belong To You is the tenth single of the Dutch singer Caro Emerald, from the album The Shocking Miss Emerald.", "title": "I Belong to You (Caro Emerald song)" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Carmen Baroja Nessi (1883, Pamplona- 4 June 1950, Madrid) was a Spanish writer and ethnologist who wrote under the pseudonym \"Vera Alzate\". She was the sister of the writers Ricardo Baroja and Pío Baroja, and mother of the anthropologist Julio Caro Baroja and film director Pío Caro Baroja.", "title": "Carmen Baroja" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Caro Michele is a 1976 Italian comedy film directed by Mario Monicelli. It was entered into the 26th Berlin International Film Festival, where Monicelli won the Silver Bear for Best Director.", "title": "Caro Michele" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Heinrich Caro (February 13, 1834 in Posen, Prussia Germany now Poznań, Poland – September 11, 1910 in Dresden), was a German chemist.", "title": "Heinrich Caro" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Armenia–Singapore relations refers to bilateral foreign relations between the two countries, Armenia and Singapore. Neither country has a resident ambassador. The Embassy of Armenia in Beijing, China is accredited to Singapore. Singapore has no representation in Armenia.", "title": "Armenia–Singapore relations" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Claude Buffier (25 May 1661 – 17 May 1737), French philosopher, historian and teacher, was born in Poland of French parents, who returned to France and settled in Rouen soon after his birth.", "title": "Claude Buffier" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Michel Gigon made many exhibitions in France, Germany, Switzerland, Japan, and Poland. Many of its paintings are in private collections in France, Switzerland, Germany, Spain.", "title": "Michel Gigon" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Embassy of Poland in Rome is the diplomatic mission of the Republic of Poland to the Italian Republic. The chancery is located at Via P.P.Rubens 20, Rome.", "title": "Embassy of Poland, Rome" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The end of World War II brought a baby boom to many countries, especially Western ones. There is some disagreement as to the precise beginning and ending dates of the post-war baby boom, but it is most often agreed to have begun in the years immediately after the war, though some place it earlier at the increase of births in 1941 - 1943. The boom started to decline as birth rates in the United States started to decline in 1958, though the boom would only grind to a halt 3 years later in 1961, 20 years after it began.", "title": "Mid-twentieth century baby boom" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Both countries established diplomatic relations in 1905, after Norway’s independence. During World War II, Norway was occupied by Nazi Germany, lasting from 1940 until 1945. Germany has an embassy in Oslo, and Norway has an embassy in Berlin and two consulates, in Düsseldorf and Hamburg.", "title": "Germany–Norway relations" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Embassy of Bulgaria in London is the diplomatic mission of Bulgaria in the United Kingdom. Diplomatic relations between the two countries date from 1879 and there has been a Bulgarian embassy in London since 1903. The embassy is currently housed in a building on the east side of Queen's Gate, just within the City of Westminster, which is Grade II listed.", "title": "Embassy of Bulgaria, London" } ]

[ { "answer": "Mario Monicelli", "id": 705286, "paragraph_support_idx": 11, "question": "Caro Michele >> director", "raw_question": "Caro Michele >> director", "statement": "Mario Monicelli, the director of Caro Michele, was born in Rome." }, { "answer": "Rome", "id": 780678, "paragraph_support_idx": 3, "question": "Mario Monicelli >> place of birth", "raw_question": "#1 >> place of birth", "statement": "Mario Monicelli was born in Rome." }, { "answer": "Italian Republic", "id": 366897, "paragraph_support_idx": 16, "question": "Embassy of Poland, Rome >> country", "raw_question": "Embassy of Poland, #2 >> country", "statement": "The Italian Republic has the Embassy of Poland in Rome." } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Rohingya people have consistently faced human rights abuses by the Burmese regime that has refused to acknowledge them as Burmese citizens (despite some of them having lived in Burma for over three generations)—the Rohingya have been denied Burmese citizenship since the enactment of a 1982 citizenship law. The law created three categories of citizenship: citizenship, associate citizenship, and naturalised citizenship. Citizenship is given to those who belong to one of the national races such as Kachin, Kayah (Karenni), Karen, Chin, Burman, Mon, Rakhine, Shan, Kaman, or Zerbadee. Associate citizenship is given to those who cannot prove their ancestors settled in Myanmar before 1823, but can prove they have one grandparent, or pre-1823 ancestor, who was a citizen of another country, as well as people who applied for citizenship in 1948 and qualified then by those laws. Naturalized citizenship is only given to those who have at least one parent with one of these types of Burmese citizenship or can provide \"conclusive evidence\" that their parents entered and resided in Burma prior to independence in 1948. The Burmese regime has attempted to forcibly expel Rohingya and bring in non-Rohingyas to replace them—this policy has resulted in the expulsion of approximately half of the 800,000 Rohingya from Burma, while the Rohingya people have been described as \"among the world's least wanted\" and \"one of the world's most persecuted minorities.\" But the origin of ‘most persecuted minority’ statement is unclear.", "title": "Myanmar" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Rainey Bethea (c. 1909 -- August 14, 1936) was the last person to be publicly executed in the United States. Bethea, who confessed to the rape and murder of a 70 - year - old woman named Lischia Edwards, was convicted of her rape and publicly hanged in Owensboro, Kentucky. Mistakes in performing the hanging and the surrounding media circus contributed to the end of public executions in the United States.", "title": "Rainey Bethea" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "WEBB is a country formatted FM radio station licensed to Waterville, Maine. It is owned by Townsquare Media, and broadcasts on 98.5 FM. It used to be simulcast on AM 1490 WTVL. Its studios are located along with WMME-FM, WTVL, and WJZN in Augusta. The station's signal can also be received in parts of the Bangor market. On air personalities include Buzz and Brittany in the Morning, Buzz Bradley, Brittany Rose, Quinn Alexander, and Sam Alex", "title": "WEBB" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Cara Elizabeth Dillon (born 21 July 1975, Dungiven, County Londonderry, Northern Ireland) is an Irish folk singer. In 1995, she joined the folk supergroup Equation and signed a record deal with Warners Music Group. After leaving the group, she collaborated with Sam Lakeman under the name Polar Star. In 2001, she released her first solo album, \"Cara Dillon\", which featured traditional songs and two original Dillon\\Lakeman compositions. The album was an unexpected hit in the folk world, with Dillon receiving four nominations at the 2002 BBC Radio 2 Folk Awards.", "title": "Cara Dillon" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Josef Jakobs (30 June 1898 – 15 August 1941) was a German spy and the last person to be executed at the Tower of London. He was captured shortly after parachuting into the United Kingdom during the Second World War. Convicted of espionage under the Treachery Act 1940, Jakobs was shot by a military firing squad. He was not hanged because he was captured as an enemy combatant.", "title": "Josef Jakobs" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "SMTV Live (an abbreviation of Saturday Morning Television Live), also stylised as SM:tv LIVE, and in early promotional material SMTV://live, is a British Saturday morning children's television programme, first broadcast on ITV on 29 August 1998 and last broadcast on 27 December 2003.", "title": "SMTV Live" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Billy Bailey (January 1947 -- January 25, 1996) was a convicted murderer hanged in Delaware in 1996. He became only the third person to be hanged in the United States since 1965 (the previous two were Charles Rodman Campbell and Westley Allan Dodd, both in Washington) and the first person hanged in Delaware in 50 years.", "title": "Billy Bailey" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "All of the executions which have taken place since the 1936 hanging of Bethea in Owensboro have been conducted within a wall or enclosure. For example, Fred Adams was legally hanged in Kennett, Missouri, on April 2, 1937, within a 10-foot (3 m) wooden stockade. Roscoe \"Red\" Jackson was hanged within a stockade in Galena, Missouri, on May 26, 1937. Two Kentucky hangings were conducted after Galena in which numerous persons were present within a wooden stockade, that of John \"Peter\" Montjoy in Covington, Kentucky on December 17, 1937, and that of Harold Van Venison in Covington on June 3, 1938. An estimated 400 witnesses were present for the hanging of Lee Simpson in Ryegate, Montana, on December 30, 1939. The execution of Timothy McVeigh on June 11, 2001 was witnessed by some 300 people, some by closed-circuit television.", "title": "Capital punishment in the United States" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "KSCS (96.3 MHz) is an FM station which serves the Dallas/Fort Worth metroplex in Texas. The station transmits a modern country music format. 96.3 KSCS is also the home of \"Hawkeye In The Morning\", currently the longest running morning radio show in the Dallas/Fort Worth area. The show features, Mark \"Hawkeye\" Louis and Connected K. The show, formally known as 'The Dorsey Gang' featured Country Music Disc Jockey Hall of Fame member Terry Dorsey. Dorsey and Louis won numerous awards including \"Billboard\" Magazine's Major Market Air Personalities of 1998 and the Academy of Country Music's 2008 Personalities of the Year. The pair teamed up in July 1988. Dorsey announced his retirement in December of 2014. KSCS was named \"2009 Major Market Radio Station of the Year\" by the Academy of Country Music. Middays have been handled by Michelle Rodriguez since 2011. Afternoons currently handled by Al Farb since 2018.", "title": "KSCS" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "\"After the Morning\" is the third solo album from folk artist Cara Dillon. It was recorded at their home studio in Frome, Somerset, Mayfair, Kore, Amberville and Sun Street Studios. The strings and brass were recorded in Prague. Similar to her previous albums, \"After the Morning\" was produced by Sam Lakeman, her husband and musical partner. Additional production was by Mike 'Spike' Drake, who also mixed the album. The album features the singles \"Never in a Million Years\", and the double A-side of \"I Wish You Well\" and \"This Time\".", "title": "After the Morning (Cara Dillon album)" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Last Thing I Needed First Thing This Morning\" is a song written by Gary P. Nunn and Donna Farar, and recorded by American country music artist Willie Nelson. It was released in October 1982 as the third single from his album \"Always on My Mind\". The song reached number two on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles chart and number one on the \"RPM\" Country Tracks chart in Canada.", "title": "Last Thing I Needed First Thing This Morning" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Last Thing I Needed First Thing This Morning ''is a song written by Gary P. Nunn and Donna Farar, and recorded by American country music artist Willie Nelson. It was released in October 1982 as the third single from his album Always on My Mind. The song reached number two on the Billboard Hot Country Singles chart and number one on the RPM Country Tracks chart in Canada.", "title": "Last Thing I Needed First Thing This Morning" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Nuansa Pagi (lit. \"Morning Nuance\") is the first morning newscast ever produced by a private television station in Indonesia. \"Nuansa Pagi\" was introduced by RCTI at 17 January 1993 as Buletin Pagi ('Morning Bulletin') before it evolved to go nationwide on 24 August 1993 as Nuansa Pagi ('Morning Nuance') and since then has become one of the strongest morning shows in the country, according to Nielsen Media Research, Nuansa Pagi was also carried by RCTI's then sister station SCTV (1993-1996).", "title": "Nuansa Pagi" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Various methods have been used in the history of the American colonies and the United States but only five methods are currently used. Historically, burning, crushing, breaking on wheel, and bludgeoning were used for a small number of executions, while hanging was the most common method. The last person burned at the stake was a black slave in South Carolina in August 1825. The last person to be hanged in chains was a murderer named John Marshall in West Virginia on April 4, 1913. Although beheading was a legal method in Utah from 1851 to 1888, it was never used.", "title": "Capital punishment in the United States" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Dave Pratt is an American radio personality, known to his fans as the \"Morning Mayor\". His show \"Dave Pratt in the Morning\" became the longest running rock and roll morning show in the United States. Pratt has sold more than 100,000 albums with his band (Sex Machine Band), headlining sold-out shows in major venues throughout Arizona.", "title": "Dave Pratt" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Telman Mardanovich Ismailov (, ; born 26 October 1956) is an Azerbaijani-born businessman and entrepreneur of Mountain Jew origin. Since Azerbaijan does not allow dual citizenship, he holds Russian-Turkish citizenship. He is the chairman of the Russian AST Group of companies, which is active in many countries. Until 2009, Ismailov owned the Europe's then-largest marketplace, Cherkizovsky Market, located in Moscow, Russia.", "title": "Telman Ismailov" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Goeiemorgen, morgen\" (\"Good morning, morning\") was the Belgian entry in the Eurovision Song Contest 1971, performed in Dutch by Jacques Raymond and Lily Castel.", "title": "Goeiemorgen, morgen" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Hillary Tuck (born Hillary Sue Hedges on July 1, 1978 in Kerrville, Texas) is an American actress. She is best known for her co-starring roles in the NBC Saturday Morning sitcom \"Hang Time\" (1995–1996) and Disney's \"\".", "title": "Hillary Tuck" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ruth Ellis (9 October 1926 -- 13 July 1955) was a British model and nightclub hostess. She was the last woman to be hanged in the United Kingdom, after being convicted of the murder of her lover, David Blakely.", "title": "Ruth Ellis" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Robert Andrew McGladdery (18 October 1935 -- 20 December 1961) was the last person to be executed in Northern Ireland.", "title": "Robert McGladdery" } ]

[ { "answer": "Cara Dillon", "id": 525523, "paragraph_support_idx": 9, "question": "After the Morning >> performer", "raw_question": "After the Morning >> performer", "statement": "Cara Dillon is the performer of the song After the Morning." }, { "answer": "Northern Ireland", "id": 819131, "paragraph_support_idx": 3, "question": "Cara Dillon >> country of citizenship", "raw_question": "#1 >> country of citizenship", "statement": "Cara Dillon is a citizen of Northern Ireland." }, { "answer": "Robert Andrew McGladdery", "id": 47977, "paragraph_support_idx": 19, "question": "who was the last person to be hanged in Northern Ireland", "raw_question": "who was the last person to be hanged in #2", "statement": "Robert Andrew McGladdery was the last person to be hanged in Northern Ireland." } ]

[ "Robert McGladdery" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Although the period in which most tornadoes strike (``tornado season '') is March through June, tornadoes - including violent tornadoes and major tornado outbreaks - have been documented in the United States during every month of the year. Two examples of this are when a series of tornadoes hit the state of Indiana on November 22, 1992, and injured at least nine people. Another notable non-season tornado was where a tornado struck the area of McLean County, Illinois. Even though the tornado was during a winter month, it blew 20 railroad cars off their tracks, and hauled a camper over 100 yards (91 m).", "title": "Tornadoes in the United States" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Theories given for the success of Southerners on Idol have been: more versatility with musical genres, as the Southern U.S. is home to several music genre scenes; not having as many opportunities to break into the pop music business; text-voting due to the South having the highest percentage of cell-phone only households; and the strong heritage of music and singing, which is notable in the Bible Belt, where it is in church that many people get their start in public singing. Others also suggest that the Southern character of these contestants appeal to the South, as well as local pride. According to season five winner Taylor Hicks, who is from the state of Alabama, \"People in the South have a lot of pride ... So, they're adamant about supporting the contestants who do well from their state or region.\"", "title": "American Idol" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "As one of the most successful shows on U.S. television history, American Idol has a strong impact not just on television, but also in the wider world of entertainment. It helped create a number of highly successful recording artists, such as Kelly Clarkson, Daughtry and Carrie Underwood, as well as others of varying notability.", "title": "American Idol" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "American Idol is broadcast to over 100 nations outside of the United States. In most nations these are not live broadcasts and may be tape delayed by several days or weeks. In Canada, the first thirteen seasons of American Idol were aired live by CTV and/or CTV Two, in simulcast with Fox. CTV dropped Idol after its thirteenth season and in August 2014, Yes TV announced that it had picked up Canadian rights to American Idol beginning in its 2015 season.", "title": "American Idol" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The show itself is popular in the Southern United States, with households in the Southeastern United States 10% more likely to watch American Idol during the eighth season in 2009, and those in the East Central region, such as Kentucky, were 16 percent more likely to tune into the series. Data from Nielsen SoundScan, a music-sales tracking service, showed that of the 47 million CDs sold by Idol contestants through January 2010, 85 percent were by contestants with ties to the American South.", "title": "American Idol" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The eighth season of American Idol premiered on January 13, 2009, and concluded on May 20, 2009. Judges Simon Cowell, Paula Abdul, and Randy Jackson continued to judge the show's contestants, along with Ryan Seacrest as host. The season introduced Kara DioGuardi as the fourth judge on the Idol panel. It was also Abdul's final season as a judge. Kris Allen, a native of Conway, Arkansas, was announced the winner of the competition on May 20, 2009, defeating runner - up Adam Lambert after nearly 100 million votes. This was the second season where both of the final two contestants had been in the bottom three or two at least once before the finale, with the first being season three.", "title": "American Idol (season 8)" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "While the state is far enough from the coast to avoid any direct impact from a hurricane, the location of the state makes it likely to be impacted from the remnants of tropical cyclones which weaken over land and can cause significant rainfall, such as Tropical Storm Chris in 1982 and Hurricane Opal in 1995. The state averages around 50 days of thunderstorms per year, some of which can be severe with large hail and damaging winds. Tornadoes are possible throughout the state, with West and Middle Tennessee the most vulnerable. Occasionally, strong or violent tornadoes occur, such as the devastating April 2011 tornadoes that killed 20 people in North Georgia and Southeast Tennessee. On average, the state has 15 tornadoes per year. Tornadoes in Tennessee can be severe, and Tennessee leads the nation in the percentage of total tornadoes which have fatalities. Winter storms are an occasional problem, such as the infamous Blizzard of 1993, although ice storms are a more likely occurrence. Fog is a persistent problem in parts of the state, especially in East Tennessee.", "title": "Tennessee" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Seasonal rankings (based on average total viewers per episode) of American Idol. It holds the distinction of having the longest winning streak in the Nielsen annual television ratings; it became the highest-rated of all television programs in the United States overall for an unprecedented seven consecutive years, or eight consecutive (and total) years when either its performance or result show was ranked number one overall.", "title": "American Idol" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Some in the entertainment industry were critical of the star-making aspect of the show. Usher, a mentor on the show, bemoaning the loss of the \"true art form of music\", thought that shows like American Idol made it seem \"so easy that everyone can do it, and that it can happen overnight\", and that \"television is a lie\". Musician Michael Feinstein, while acknowledging that the show had uncovered promising performers, said that American Idol \"isn't really about music. It's about all the bad aspects of the music business – the arrogance of commerce, this sense of 'I know what will make this person a star; artists themselves don't know.' \" That American Idol is seen to be a fast track to success for its contestants has been a cause of resentment for some in the industry. LeAnn Rimes, commenting on Carrie Underwood winning Best Female Artist in Country Music Awards over Faith Hill in 2006, said that \"Carrie has not paid her dues long enough to fully deserve that award\". It is a common theme that has been echoed by many others. Elton John, who had appeared as a mentor in the show but turned down an offer to be a judge on American Idol, commenting on talent shows in general, said that \"there have been some good acts but the only way to sustain a career is to pay your dues in small clubs\".", "title": "American Idol" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Despite being eliminated earlier in the season, Chris Daughtry (as lead of the band Daughtry) became the most successful recording artist from this season. Other contestants, such as Hicks, McPhee, Bucky Covington, Mandisa, Kellie Pickler, and Elliott Yamin have had varying levels of success.", "title": "American Idol" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "You're a Star was a singing contest in Ireland, similar to \"The X Factor\" in the United Kingdom and \"American Idol\" in the USA. Created by Screentime ShinAwiL and Raidió Teilifís Éireann (RTÉ) in 2002, it was shown weekly on RTÉ One over the winter months of each year. The show was broadcast live from The Helix theatre in Dublin City University (DCU).", "title": "You're a Star" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Since the show's inception in 2002, ten of the fourteen Idol winners, including its first five, have come from the Southern United States. A large number of other notable finalists during the series' run have also hailed from the American South, including Clay Aiken, Kellie Pickler, and Chris Daughtry, who are all from North Carolina. In 2012, an analysis of the 131 contestants who have appeared in the finals of all seasons of the show up to that point found that 48% have some connection to the Southern United States.", "title": "American Idol" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 2001, Fuller, Cowell, and TV producer Simon Jones attempted to sell the Pop Idol format to the United States, but the idea was met with poor response from United States television networks. However, Rupert Murdoch, head of Fox's parent company, was persuaded to buy the show by his daughter Elisabeth, who was a fan of the British show. The show was renamed American Idol: The Search for a Superstar and debuted in the summer of 2002. Cowell was initially offered the job as showrunner but refused; Lythgoe then took over that position. Much to Cowell's surprise, it became one of the hit shows for the summer that year. The show, with the personal engagement of the viewers with the contestants through voting, and the presence of the acid-tongued Cowell as a judge, grew into a phenomenon. By 2004, it had become the most-watched show in the U.S., a position it then held on for seven consecutive seasons.", "title": "American Idol" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The fifth season of reality television singing competition American Idol began on January 17, 2006, and concluded on May 24, 2006. Randy Jackson, Paula Abdul and Simon Cowell returned to judge, and Ryan Seacrest returned to host. It is the most successful season to date ratings-wise, and resulted in 18 contestants (including all of the top 10 and a few semifinalists) getting record deals -- nine of them with major labels. It was the first season with a male winner (Taylor Hicks) and a female runner - up (Katharine McPhee). It was also the first season of the series to be aired in high definition.", "title": "American Idol (season 5)" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The United States averaged 1,274 tornadoes per year in the last decade while Canada reports nearly 100 annually (largely in the southern regions). However, the UK has most tornadoes per area per year, 0.14 per 1000 km2, although these tornadoes are generally weak, and many other European countries have a similar number of tornadoes per area.", "title": "Tornado climatology" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In the May 23 season finale, Jordin Sparks was declared the winner with the runner-up being Blake Lewis. Sparks has had some success as a recording artist post-Idol.", "title": "American Idol" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "For five consecutive seasons, starting in season seven, the title was given to a white male who plays the guitar – a trend that Idol pundits call the \"White guy with guitar\" or \"WGWG\" factor. Just hours before the season eleven finale, where Phillip Phillips was named the winner, Richard Rushfield, author of the book American Idol: The Untold Story, said, \"You have this alliance between young girls and grandmas and they see it, not necessarily as a contest to create a pop star competing on the contemporary radio, but as .... who's the nicest guy in a popularity contest,\" he says, \"And that has led to this dynasty of four, and possibly now five, consecutive, affable, very nice, good-looking white boys.\"", "title": "American Idol" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Winning the Eurovision Song Contest provides a unique opportunity for the winning artist (s) to capitalise on their success and surrounding publicity by launching or furthering their international career during their singing years. However, throughout the history of the contest, relatively few of these artists have gone on to be huge international stars. The most notable winning Eurovision artists whose career was directly launched into the spotlight following their win were the members of ABBA, who won the 1974 contest for Sweden with their song ``Waterloo ''. ABBA went on to be one of the most successful bands of its time. Another notable winner who subsequently achieved international fame and success was Céline Dion, who won the 1988 contest for Switzerland with the song`` Ne partez pas sans moi''.", "title": "List of Eurovision Song Contest winners" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The declining trend however continued into season eight, as total viewers numbers fell by 5–10% for early episodes compared to season seven, and by 9% for the finale. In season nine, Idol's six-year extended streak of perfection in the ratings was broken, when NBC's coverage of the 2010 Winter Olympics on February 17 beat Idol in the same time slot with 30.1 million viewers over Idol's 18.4 million. Nevertheless, American Idol overall finished its ninth season as the most watched TV series for the sixth year running, breaking the previous record of five consecutive seasons achieved by CBS' All in the Family and NBC's The Cosby Show.", "title": "American Idol" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "North Carolina averages fewer than 20 tornadoes per year, many of them produced by hurricanes or tropical storms along the coastal plain. Tornadoes from thunderstorms are a risk, especially in the eastern part of the state. The western Piedmont is often protected by the mountains, which tend to break up storms as they try to cross over; the storms will often re-form farther east. Also a weather phenomenon known as \"cold air damming\" often occurs in the northwestern part of the state, which can also weaken storms but can also lead to major ice events in winter.", "title": "North Carolina" } ]

[ { "answer": "Chris Daughtry", "id": 3157, "paragraph_support_idx": 9, "question": "Who was the most successful artist from this season?", "raw_question": "Who was the most successful artist from this season?", "statement": "Chris Daughtry was the most successful artist from this season." }, { "answer": "North Carolina", "id": 3356, "paragraph_support_idx": 11, "question": "What state is American Idol contestant Chris Daughtry from?", "raw_question": "What state is American Idol contestant #1 from?", "statement": "Chris Daughtry is from North Carolina." }, { "answer": "fewer than 20", "id": 24534, "paragraph_support_idx": 19, "question": "How many tornadoes does North Carolina have per year?", "raw_question": "How many tornadoes does #2 have per year?", "statement": "North Carolina has fewer than 20 tornadoes per year." } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Rainey Bethea (c. 1909 -- August 14, 1936) was the last person to be publicly executed in the United States. Bethea, who confessed to the rape and murder of a 70 - year - old woman named Lischia Edwards, was convicted of her rape and publicly hanged in Owensboro, Kentucky. Mistakes in performing the hanging and the surrounding media circus contributed to the end of public executions in the United States.", "title": "Rainey Bethea" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Telman Mardanovich Ismailov (, ; born 26 October 1956) is an Azerbaijani-born businessman and entrepreneur of Mountain Jew origin. Since Azerbaijan does not allow dual citizenship, he holds Russian-Turkish citizenship. He is the chairman of the Russian AST Group of companies, which is active in many countries. Until 2009, Ismailov owned the Europe's then-largest marketplace, Cherkizovsky Market, located in Moscow, Russia.", "title": "Telman Ismailov" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Various methods have been used in the history of the American colonies and the United States but only five methods are currently used. Historically, burning, crushing, breaking on wheel, and bludgeoning were used for a small number of executions, while hanging was the most common method. The last person burned at the stake was a black slave in South Carolina in August 1825. The last person to be hanged in chains was a murderer named John Marshall in West Virginia on April 4, 1913. Although beheading was a legal method in Utah from 1851 to 1888, it was never used.", "title": "Capital punishment in the United States" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jeff Suffering (born Jeff Bettger), is the lead singer of Ninety Pound Wuss, Raft of Dead Monkeys, and Suffering and the Hideous Thieves. While no longer involved in the aforementioned projects, Suffering also performed music with Mars Hill Church in Seattle, Washington where he served as a Pastor for Biblical Living | Arts Ministry until 2013. He is currently working on a project called \"DRYBNZ\" with Joe Mendonca.", "title": "Jeff Suffering" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jack Wild (30 September 1952 -- 1 March 2006) was an English actor and singer, known for his teenage performances as the Artful Dodger in Oliver! (film) (1968) and as Jimmy in the NBC children's television series H.R. Pufnstuf (1969) and accompanying 1970 feature film. He played Much the Miller's Son in Robin Hood: Prince of Thieves (1991).", "title": "Jack Wild" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Khadijeh Shahla Jahed (10 May 1969 – 1 December 2010) was an Iranian nurse who was sentenced to death for her alleged involvement in the murder of her boyfriend's wife. She was hanged on 1 December 2010, being the 146th person to be executed in Iran in that year.", "title": "Shahla Jahed" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Othar \"Otha\" Turner (June 2, 1907 – February 27, 2003) was one of the last well-known fife players in the vanishing American fife and drum blues tradition. His music was also part of the African-American genre known as Hill country blues.", "title": "Othar Turner" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Robert Andrew McGladdery (18 October 1935 -- 20 December 1961) was the last person to be executed in Northern Ireland.", "title": "Robert McGladdery" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Hill of Thieves is the fourth solo album by Irish folk singer Cara Dillon. It is her first full-length release on Charcoal Records, the label formed in 2008 with her musical partner and husband Sam Lakeman. The album was recorded and produced by Sam and first became available in October 2008 at their live concerts. It is also the first release since she gave birth to their twin boys Noah and Colm at 26 weeks, after going into labour onstage at the Swindon Arts Centre, UK. It has been the most successful of her first four albums in relation to chart performance, entering at No. 7 in the UK Indie Album Charts (see below for more.)", "title": "Hill of Thieves" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Cara Elizabeth Dillon (born 21 July 1975, Dungiven, County Londonderry, Northern Ireland) is an Irish folk singer. In 1995, she joined the folk supergroup Equation and signed a record deal with Warners Music Group. After leaving the group, she collaborated with Sam Lakeman under the name Polar Star. In 2001, she released her first solo album, \"Cara Dillon\", which featured traditional songs and two original Dillon\\Lakeman compositions. The album was an unexpected hit in the folk world, with Dillon receiving four nominations at the 2002 BBC Radio 2 Folk Awards.", "title": "Cara Dillon" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"How Long Will My Baby Be Gone\" is a 1968 song written and recorded by Buck Owens. \"How Long Will My Baby Be Gone\" was the last of eight number ones on the country chart in a row for Buck Owens. The single spent a single week at number one and a total of thirteen weeks on the country chart. The song is still performed at the Country Bear Jamboree attraction at certain Disney parks.", "title": "How Long Will My Baby Be Gone" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In Latin America and English-speaking countries, most wrestlers (and other on-stage performers) portray character roles, sometimes with personalities wildly different from their own. These personalities are a gimmick intended to heighten interest in a wrestler without regard to athletic ability. Some can be unrealistic and cartoon-like (such as Doink the Clown), while others carry more verisimilitude and can be seen as exaggerated versions of the performer's real life personality (such as Chris Jericho, The Rock, John Cena, Stone Cold Steve Austin, and CM Punk). In lucha libre, many characters wear masks, adopting a secret identity akin to a superhero, a near-sacred tradition.", "title": "Professional wrestling" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "East Peak, , is a prominent basalt traprock mountain in the Hanging Hills of Meriden, Connecticut. Rugged and scenic, the peak rises steeply above the city of Meriden below and is characterized by its vertical cliffs and sweeping views of southern Connecticut and Long Island Sound. A small stone observation tower known as Castle Craig stands on the summit.", "title": "East Peak (New Haven County, Connecticut)" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Pursuant to this power, Congress in 1790 passed the first naturalization law for the United States, the Naturalization Act of 1790. The law enabled those who had resided in the country for two years and had kept their current state of residence for a year to apply for citizenship. However it restricted naturalization to ``free white persons ''of`` good moral character''.", "title": "History of laws concerning immigration and naturalization in the United States" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Albano Carrisi (Italian: [alˈbaːno karˈriːzi]; born 20 May 1943), better known as Al Bano, is an Italian recording artist, actor, and winemaker. In 2016, he was awarded Albanian citizenship due to his close ties with the country.", "title": "Albano Carrisi" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Josef Jakobs (30 June 1898 – 15 August 1941) was a German spy and the last person to be executed at the Tower of London. He was captured shortly after parachuting into the United Kingdom during the Second World War. Convicted of espionage under the Treachery Act 1940, Jakobs was shot by a military firing squad. He was not hanged because he was captured as an enemy combatant.", "title": "Josef Jakobs" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "A study from the Mediterranean Migration Observatory maintains that the 2001 census recorded 762,191 persons residing in Greece without Greek citizenship, constituting around 7% of total population. Of the non-citizen residents, 48,560 were EU or European Free Trade Association nationals and 17,426 were Cypriots with privileged status. The majority come from Eastern European countries: Albania (56%), Bulgaria (5%) and Romania (3%), while migrants from the former Soviet Union (Georgia, Russia, Ukraine, Moldova, etc.) comprise 10% of the total. Some of the immigrants from Albania are from the Greek minority in Albania centred on the region of Northern Epirus. In addition the total Albanian national population which includes temporary migrants and undocumented persons is around 600,000.", "title": "Greece" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Billy Bailey (January 1947 -- January 25, 1996) was a convicted murderer hanged in Delaware in 1996. He became only the third person to be hanged in the United States since 1965 (the previous two were Charles Rodman Campbell and Westley Allan Dodd, both in Washington) and the first person hanged in Delaware in 50 years.", "title": "Billy Bailey" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ruth Ellis (9 October 1926 -- 13 July 1955) was a British model and nightclub hostess. She was the last woman to be hanged in the United Kingdom, after being convicted of the murder of her lover, David Blakely.", "title": "Ruth Ellis" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Errol Osbourne Nolan II (born August 18, 1991) is an American born sprinter of Jamaican descent who holds dual citizenship with both countries. He now competes for Jamaica as of 2012. He specialises in the 200 and 400 metres.", "title": "Errol Nolan" } ]

[ { "answer": "Cara Dillon", "id": 364794, "paragraph_support_idx": 8, "question": "Hill of Thieves >> performer", "raw_question": "Hill of Thieves >> performer", "statement": "Cara Dillon is the performer of Hill of Thieves." }, { "answer": "Northern Ireland", "id": 819131, "paragraph_support_idx": 9, "question": "Cara Dillon >> country of citizenship", "raw_question": "#1 >> country of citizenship", "statement": "Cara Dillon is from Northern Ireland." }, { "answer": "Robert Andrew McGladdery", "id": 47977, "paragraph_support_idx": 7, "question": "who was the last person to be hanged in Northern Ireland", "raw_question": "who was the last person to be hanged in #2", "statement": "Robert Andrew McGladdery was the last person to be hanged in Northern Ireland." } ]

[ "Robert McGladdery" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Men's Greco-Roman 52 kg at the 1984 Summer Olympics as part of the wrestling program were held at the Anaheim Convention Center, Anaheim, California.", "title": "Wrestling at the 1984 Summer Olympics – Men's Greco-Roman 52 kg" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "This article is part of a series on the Constitution of the United States of America Preamble and Articles of the Constitution Preamble II III IV V VI VII Amendments to the Constitution Bill of Rights II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII XIII XIV XV XVI XVII XVIII XIX XX XXI XXII XXIII XXIV XXV XXVI XXVII Unratified Amendments Congressional Apportionment Titles of Nobility Corwin Child Labor Equal Rights D.C. Voting Rights History Drafting and ratification timeline Convention Signing Federalism Republicanism Full text of the Constitution and Amendments Preamble and Articles I -- VII Amendments I -- X Amendments XI -- XXVII Unratified Amendments United States portal U.S. Government portal Law portal Wikipedia book", "title": "Constitution of the United States" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Men's Freestyle 68 kg at the 1984 Summer Olympics as part of the wrestling program were held at the Anaheim Convention Center, Anaheim, California.", "title": "Wrestling at the 1984 Summer Olympics – Men's freestyle 68 kg" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The first legal steps taken to end the occurrence of child labour was enacted more than fifty years ago. In 1966, the nation adopted the UN General Assembly of the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. This act legally limited the minimum age for when children could start work at the age of 14. But 23 years later in 1989 the Convention on the Rights of Children was adopted and helped to reduce the exploitation of children and demanded safe working environments. They all worked towards the goal of ending the most problematic forms of child labour.", "title": "Child labour" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Convention follows the civil law tradition, with a preamble, in which the principle that ``all human rights are universal, indivisible, interdependent and interrelated ''of Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action is cited, followed by 50 articles. Unlike many UN covenants and conventions, it is not formally divided into parts.", "title": "Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Geneva Convention relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War, commonly referred to as the Fourth Geneva Convention and abbreviated as GCIV, is one of the four treaties of the Geneva Conventions. It was adopted in August 1949. While the first three conventions dealt with combatants, the Fourth Geneva Convention was the first to deal with humanitarian protections for civilians in a war zone. There are currently 196 countries party to the 1949 Geneva Conventions, including this and the other three treaties.", "title": "Fourth Geneva Convention" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "A large number of international institutions have their seats in Switzerland, in part because of its policy of neutrality. Geneva is the birthplace of the Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement and the Geneva Conventions and, since 2006, hosts the United Nations Human Rights Council. Even though Switzerland is one of the most recent countries to have joined the United Nations, the Palace of Nations in Geneva is the second biggest centre for the United Nations after New York, and Switzerland was a founding member and home to the League of Nations.", "title": "Switzerland" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) has designated 19 World Heritage Sites in six countries (also called \"state parties\") of Central and North Asia: Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and the Asian part of Russia. The European part of Russia is included in Eastern Europe.", "title": "List of World Heritage Sites in Northern and Central Asia" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": ".kg is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Kyrgyzstan. Although registrations are normally at the second level, there are some specialized third-level registrations such as those under gov.kg and mil.kg.", "title": ".kg" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Country Average male weight Average female weight Sample population / age range Methodology Year Source Brazil 72.7 kg (160.3 lb) 62.5 kg (137.8 lb) 20 -- 74 Measured 2008 -- 2009 Canada 80.3 kg (177 lb) Measured Chile 77.3 kg (170.4 lb) 67.5 kg (148.8 lb) 15 + Measured 2009 -- 2010 Finland 82.1 kg (181 lb) Measured France 77.1 kg (170 lb) 62.7 kg (138 lb) 15 + Measured 2005 Germany 82.4 kg (181.7 lb) 67.5 kg (148.8 lb) 18 + Measured 2005 South Korea 68.6 kg (151.2 lb) 56.5 kg (124.6 lb) 18 + Measured 2007 Sweden 81.9 kg (180.6 lb) 66.7 kg (147.0 lb) 16 -- 84 Measured 2003 - 2004 UK -- Wales 84.0 kg (185.2 lb) 69.0 kg (152.1 lb) 16 + Measured 2009 United States 88.8 kg (195.8 lb) 76.4 kg (168.4 lb) 20 + Measured 2011 - 2014", "title": "Human body weight" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Human Rights Act 1998 (c42) is an Act of Parliament of the United Kingdom which received Royal Assent on 9 November 1998, and mostly came into force on 2 October 2000. Its aim was to incorporate into UK law the rights contained in the European Convention on Human Rights. The Act makes a remedy for breach of a Convention right available in UK courts, without the need to go to the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) in Strasbourg.", "title": "Human Rights Act 1998" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Convention on the Rights of the Child Parties to the convention Only signed, but not ratified Non-signatory Signed 20 November 1989 Location New York City Effective 2 September 1990 Condition 20 ratifications Signatories 140 Parties 196 (all eligible states except the United States) Depositary UN Secretary - General Languages Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian, Spanish UN Convention on the Rights of the Child at Wikisource", "title": "Convention on the Rights of the Child" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The treaty was signed in Adelaide on 25 July 2004 by Foreign Minister of Australia Alexander Downer and Foreign Minister of New Zealand Phil Goff. It formalised the ocean borders that had been de facto recognised by both countries since the early 1980s, when the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea was created.", "title": "Australia–New Zealand Maritime Treaty" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Organization of American States established the Court in 1979 to enforce and interpret the provisions of the American Convention on Human Rights. Its two main functions are thus adjudicatory and advisory. Under the former, it hears and rules on the specific cases of human rights violations referred to it. Under the latter, it issues opinions on matters of legal interpretation brought to its attention by other OAS bodies or member states.", "title": "Inter-American Court of Human Rights" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "'The Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act' or 'Right to Education Act also known as RTE', is an Act of the Parliament of India enacted on 4 August 2009, which describes the modalities of the importance of free and compulsory education for children between 6 and 14 in India under Article 21A of the Indian Constitution. India became one of 135 countries to make education a fundamental right of every child when the act came into force on 1 April 2010. The title of the RTE Act incorporates the words' free and compulsory '.' Free education 'means that no child, other than a child who has been admitted by his or her parents to a school which is not supported by the appropriate Government, shall be liable to pay any kind of fee or charges or expenses which may prevent him or her from pursuing and completing elementary education.' Compulsory education 'casts an obligation on the appropriate Government and local authorities to provide and ensure admission, attendance and completion of elementary education by all children in the 6 - 14 age group. With this, India has moved forward to a rights based framework that casts a legal obligation on the Central and State Governments to implement this fundamental child right as enshrined in the Article 21A of the Constitution, in accordance with the provisions of the RTE Act. 17", "title": "Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act, 2009" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act or Right to Education Act (RTE) is an Act of the Parliament of India enacted on 4 August 2009, which describes the modalities of the importance of free and compulsory education for children between the age of 6 to 14 years in India under Article 21A of the Indian Constitution. India became one of 135 countries to make education a fundamental right of every child when the act came into force on 1 April 2010. The title of the RTE Act incorporates the words' free and compulsory '.' Free education 'means that no child, other than a child who has been admitted by his or her parents to a school which is not supported by the appropriate Government, shall be liable to pay any kind of fee or charges or expenses which may prevent him or her from pursuing and completing elementary education.' Compulsory education 'casts an obligation on the appropriate Government and local authorities to provide and ensure admission, attendance and completion of elementary education by all children in the 6 - 14 age group. With this, India has moved forward to a rights based framework that casts a legal obligation on the Central and State Governments to implement this fundamental child right as enshrined in the Article 21A of the Constitution, in accordance with the provisions of the RTE Act. 17.", "title": "Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act, 2009" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The newly founded country of the United States had to create a new government to replace the British Parliament. The U.S. adopted the Articles of Confederation, a declaration that established a national government with a one - house legislature. Its ratification by all thirteen colonies gave the second Congress a new name: the Congress of the Confederation, which met from 1781 to 1789. The Constitutional Convention took place during the summer of 1787, in Philadelphia. Although the Convention was called to revise the Articles of Confederation, the intention from the outset for some including James Madison and Alexander Hamilton was to create a new frame of government rather than amending the existing one. The delegates elected George Washington to preside over the Convention. The result of the Convention was the United States Constitution and the replacement of the Continental Congress with the United States Congress.", "title": "Founding Fathers of the United States" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Constitutional Convention (also known as the Philadelphia Convention, the Federal Convention, or the Grand Convention at Philadelphia) took place from May 25 to September 17, 1787, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Although the Convention was intended to revise the Articles of Confederation, the intention from the outset of many of its proponents, chief among them James Madison and Alexander Hamilton, was to create a new government rather than fix the existing one. The delegates elected George Washington to preside over the Convention. The result of the Convention was the creation of the United States Constitution, placing the Convention among the most significant events in the history of the United States.", "title": "Constitutional Convention (United States)" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) (formally the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms) is an international treaty to protect human rights and fundamental freedoms in Europe. Drafted in 1950 by the then newly formed Council of Europe, the convention entered into force on 3 September 1953. All Council of Europe member states are party to the Convention and new members are expected to ratify the convention at the earliest opportunity.", "title": "European Convention on Human Rights" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Philippines is a signatory to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) drafted by the United Nations (UN) in the 1948. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights was adopted, alongside the Genocide Convention and the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, by the United Nations in response to the tragic and horrendous violations of human rights during the Second World War. The United Nations Charter, a treaty, was created in order to define what roles, powers, and duties the United Nations is allowed to practice in dealing with international relations. Article I of the UN Charter states that the UN aims:", "title": "Human rights in the Philippines" } ]

[ { "answer": "Kyrgyzstan", "id": 632667, "paragraph_support_idx": 8, "question": ".kg >> country", "raw_question": ".kg >> country", "statement": "Kyrgyzstan is a member of the organization." }, { "answer": "United Nations", "id": 544161, "paragraph_support_idx": 7, "question": "Kyrgyzstan >> member of", "raw_question": "#1 >> member of", "statement": "Kyrgyzstan is a member of the United Nations." }, { "answer": "20 November 1989", "id": 92922, "paragraph_support_idx": 11, "question": "when was United Nations convention on the rights of the child created", "raw_question": "when was #2 convention on the rights of the child created", "statement": "The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child was created on 20 November 1989." } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Vikings played in Super Bowl XI, their third Super Bowl (fourth overall) in four years, against the Oakland Raiders at the Rose Bowl in Pasadena, California, on January 9, 1977. The Vikings, however, lost 32 -- 14.", "title": "Minnesota Vikings" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "On March 6, 2017, the Raiders revealed that Bank of America would be replacing Sheldon Adelson's portion of the funding for the new stadium in Las Vegas. On March 27, 2017, the National Football League officially approved the Raiders move from Oakland to Las Vegas in a 31 -- 1 vote, ensuring them a new stadium in the process. However, even though the Raiders were approved to move to Las Vegas, the club will still play the 2017 and 2018 NFL seasons at the Oakland -- Alameda County Coliseum and still be known as the Oakland Raiders so as long as they play in the San Francisco Bay Area. About one thousand season ticket holders asked for and received refunds after the move to Las Vegas was announced. Their tickets were sold to other fans within hours, and the Raiders' 53,250 season tickets were all sold out by late May.", "title": "Oakland Raiders relocation to Las Vegas" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Oakland Raiders Current season Established January 30, 1960; 58 years ago (1960 - 01 - 30) First season: 1960 Play in Oakland -- Alameda County Coliseum Oakland, California Headquartered in Alameda, California Logo Wordmark League / conference affiliations American Football League (1960 -- 1969) Western Division (1960 -- 1969) National Football League (1970 -- present) American Football Conference (1970 -- present) AFC West (1970 -- present) Current uniform Team colors Silver, black Fight song ``The Autumn Wind ''Personnel Owner (s) Mark Davis (majority owner) President Marc Badain General manager Reggie McKenzie Head coach Jon Gruden Team history Oakland Raiders (1960 -- 1981, 1995 -- present) Los Angeles Raiders (1982 -- 1994) Team nicknames Silver and Black Men in Black Team of the Decades The World's Team Raider Nation Malosos (Mexican fan base) Championships League championships (3 †) AFL championships (pre-1970 AFL -- NFL merger) (1) 1967 Super Bowl championships (3) 1976 (XI), 1980 (XV), 1983 (XVIII) Conference championships (4) AFC: 1976, 1980, 1983, 2002 Division championships (15) AFL West: 1967, 1968, 1969 AFC West: 1970, 1972, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, 1983, 1985, 1990, 2000, 2001, 2002 † -- Does not include the AFL or NFL championships won during the same seasons as the AFL -- NFL Super Bowl championships prior to the 1970 AFL -- NFL merger Playoff appearances (22) AFL: 1967, 1968, 1969 NFL: 1970, 1972, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, 1977, 1980, 1982, 1983, 1984, 1985, 1990, 1991, 1993, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2016 Home fields Kezar Stadium (1960) Candlestick Park (1961) Frank Youell Field (1962 -- 1965) Oakland -- Alameda County Coliseum (1966 -- 1981, 1995 -- present) Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum (1982 -- 1994) Las Vegas Stadium (planned for 2020)", "title": "History of the Oakland Raiders" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Derrick Gibson (born March 22, 1979 in Miami, Florida) is a former American football safety who played his entire career for the Oakland Raiders. He was drafted by the Raiders in the first round (28th overall) in the 2001 NFL Draft. He played college football at Florida State.", "title": "Derrick Gibson" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mark Davis (born 1954 or 1955) is the principal owner and managing general partner of the Oakland Raiders of the National Football League (NFL).", "title": "Mark Davis (American football)" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Date Winner Result Location October 22, 1973 Tie 23 -- 23 Denver December 8, 1975 Oakland Raiders 17 -- 10 Oakland December 1, 1980 Oakland Raiders 9 -- 3 Oakland October 12, 1987 Denver Broncos 30 -- 14 Denver September 25, 1988 Los Angeles Raiders 30 -- 27 (OT) Denver October 18, 1993 Los Angeles Raiders 23 -- 20 Denver October 16, 1995 Denver Broncos 27 -- 0 Denver November 4, 1996 Denver Broncos 22 -- 21 Oakland November 24, 1997 Denver Broncos 31 -- 3 Denver November 22, 1999 Denver Broncos 27 -- 21 (OT) Denver November 13, 2000 Denver Broncos 27 -- 24 Denver November 5, 2001 Oakland Raiders 38 -- 28 Oakland November 11, 2002 Oakland Raiders 34 -- 10 Denver September 22, 2003 Denver Broncos 31 -- 10 Denver September 8, 2008 Denver Broncos 41 -- 14 Oakland September 12, 2011 Oakland Raiders 23 -- 20 Denver September 23, 2013 Denver Broncos 37 -- 21 Denver", "title": "Broncos–Raiders rivalry" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Northtown is the debut EP by American singer-songwriter Shamir Bailey, better known by his stage name, Shamir. The EP has elements of R&B, house and dance music. It was produced by Nick Sylvester, the founder of New York's Godmode label, and released on June 6, 2014. The EP was rated as one of the best releases by a new artist in 2014.", "title": "Northtown (EP)" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "DeJuan Green is an American football player who played three seasons for the Oakland Raiders, from 2004 to 2006. Green was born in Jacksonville, Florida on May 13, 1980.", "title": "DeJuan Green" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jason Slowey (born January 27, 1989) is a former American football offensive lineman. He was drafted by the San Francisco 49ers in the sixth round of the 2012 NFL Draft and also played for the Oakland Raiders. He played college football at Western Oregon University.", "title": "Jason Slowey" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Oakland Raiders relocation to Las Vegas was a successful effort by the owner of the Oakland Raiders (Mark Davis) to relocate the American football club from its current and longtime home of Oakland, California to Las Vegas, Nevada. The team is scheduled to begin play as the Las Vegas Raiders for the 2020 National Football League (NFL) season (although a move to Las Vegas could happen as soon as 2019 with Sam Boyd Stadium), playing home games at the Las Vegas Stadium. NFL team owners voted 31 -- 1 to approve the move, which was announced at the annual league meetings in Phoenix, Arizona on March 27, 2017. The Raiders became the third NFL franchise to relocate in the 2010s, following the Rams' move from St. Louis, Missouri to Los Angeles, California on January 12, 2016, and the Chargers' move from San Diego, California to Los Angeles on January 12, 2017. The Raiders' move to Las Vegas comes after years of failed efforts to renovate or replace the Oakland -- Alameda County Coliseum, which has been rated by multiple sources as one of the worst stadiums in the NFL.", "title": "Oakland Raiders relocation to Las Vegas" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 2017 Oakland Raiders season is the 58th overall season of the Oakland Raiders franchise, the franchise's 48th season in the National Football League, their 24th season since their return to Oakland, and the third under head coach Jack Del Rio. The Raiders are looking to win their first AFC West title since 2002 and the Super Bowl for the first time since 1983, when the club was still in Los Angeles. The Raiders began the season on September 10 at the Tennessee Titans and will finish the season December 31 at the Los Angeles Chargers. The Raiders, as they did in 2016, will play one home game in Mexico City, this time against the New England Patriots.", "title": "2017 Oakland Raiders season" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ronald Antonio Curry (born May 28, 1979) is a former American football wide receiver and current wide receivers coach with the New Orleans Saints. He was drafted by the Oakland Raiders in the seventh round of the 2002 NFL Draft after playing college football at North Carolina.", "title": "Ronald Curry" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Oakland Historic District is a historic district within the city of Oakland, Oregon, United States. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.", "title": "Oakland Historic District (Oakland, Oregon)" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Andrew DePaola Jr. (born July 28, 1987) is an American football long snapper for the Oakland Raiders of the National Football League (NFL). DePaola made his professional debut with the Tampa Bay Buccaneers on September 7, 2014. He played football and baseball in high school before playing college football for Rutgers University.", "title": "Andrew DePaola" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 2016 Oakland Raiders season was the 57th overall of the Oakland Raiders franchise, the franchise's 47th season in the National Football League, their 23th season since their return to Oakland, and the second under head coach Jack Del Rio. The Raiders improved on a 7 -- 9 campaign in 2015 and finished with a winning record for the first time since 2002, finishing the regular season with a 12 -- 4 record.", "title": "2016 Oakland Raiders season" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Shamir Bailey (born November 7, 1994), known mononymously as Shamir, is an American singer, songwriter and actor from Las Vegas, Nevada. His debut extended play (EP), \"Northtown\", was released in June 2014 to positive reviews. In October 2014 he signed to XL Recordings and released the single \"On the Regular\". His debut LP \"Ratchet\" was released on May 19, 2015 in the United States.", "title": "Shamir (musician)" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Cornelius Connie Colzie, better known as Neal Colzie, (February 28, 1953 – August 20, 2001) was an American football defensive back for the Oakland Raiders (1975–1978), Miami Dolphins (1979), and Tampa Bay Buccaneers (1980–1983). He also played for the Orlando Renegades of the USFL in 1985.", "title": "Neal Colzie" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Edward Shane Lechler (; born August 7, 1976) is a former American football punter who played 18 seasons in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at Texas A&M, and was drafted by the Oakland Raiders in the fifth round of the 2000 NFL Draft.", "title": "Shane Lechler" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1995, the Raiders returned to Oakland. After several years of continued mediocrity, the team entered a brief period of pronounced success in the early 2000s. From 2000 to 2002, the Raiders won three consecutive division titles and four playoff games; their renaissance culminated with a lopsided 2002 loss to the Tampa Bay Buccaneers in Super Bowl XXXVII. The Super Bowl loss marked the beginning of a lengthy period of futility for the Raiders; from 2003 through 2015, the Raiders failed to post a single winning season or clinch a single playoff berth. In 2016, the Raiders finally ended their postseason drought, finishing with a 12 -- 4 record before losing to the Houston Texans 27 -- 14 in the Wild Card round of the playoffs.", "title": "History of the Oakland Raiders" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Lamar Mady (born December 13, 1990) is an American football center for the Arizona Rattlers of the Indoor Football League (IFL). He was signed by the Oakland Raiders as an undrafted free agent in 2013. He played college football for Youngstown State.", "title": "Lamar Mady" } ]

[ { "answer": "Shamir", "id": 382240, "paragraph_support_idx": 6, "question": "Northtown >> performer", "raw_question": "Northtown >> performer", "statement": "Shamir is the performer from Northtown." }, { "answer": "Las Vegas", "id": 434040, "paragraph_support_idx": 15, "question": "Shamir >> place of birth", "raw_question": "#1 >> place of birth", "statement": "Shamir was born in Las Vegas." }, { "answer": "as soon as 2019", "id": 59381, "paragraph_support_idx": 9, "question": "when does oakland raiders go to Las Vegas", "raw_question": "when does oakland raiders go to #2", "statement": "The Oakland Raiders go to Las Vegas as soon as 2019." } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Petroleum was discovered on 3 March 1938 and followed up by several other finds in the Eastern Province. Saudi Arabia has since become the world's second largest oil producer (behind the US) and the world's largest oil exporter, controlling the world's second largest oil reserves and the sixth largest gas reserves. The kingdom is categorized as a World Bank high-income economy with a high Human Development Index and is the only Arab country to be part of the G-20 major economies. The state has attracted criticism for a variety of reasons including: its archaic treatment of women, its excessive and often extrajudicial use of capital punishment, state-sponsored discrimination against religious minorities and atheists, its role in the Yemeni Civil War, sponsorship of Islamic terrorists, and its strict interpretation of Sharia law. The kingdom has the world's third-highest military expenditure and, according to SIPRI, was the world's second largest arms importer from 2010 to 2014. Saudi Arabia is considered a regional and middle power. In addition to the GCC, it is an active member of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation and OPEC.", "title": "Saudi Arabia" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "As a member of the European Union, Estonia is considered a high-income economy by the World Bank. The GDP (PPP) per capita of the country, a good indicator of wealth, was in 2015 $28,781 according to the IMF, between that of Slovak Republic and Lithuania, but below that of other long-time EU members such as Italy or Spain. The country is ranked 8th in the 2015 Index of Economic Freedom, and the 4th freest economy in Europe. Because of its rapid growth, Estonia has often been described as a Baltic Tiger beside Lithuania and Latvia. Beginning 1 January 2011, Estonia adopted the euro and became the 17th eurozone member state.", "title": "Estonia" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Human Development Index (HDI) is a composite statistic of life expectancy, education, and income per capita indicators, which are used to rank countries into four tiers of human development. A country scores higher HDI when the life expectancy at birth is longer, the education period is longer, and the income per capita is higher. The HDI was developed by the Pakistani economist Mahbub ul Haq, often framed in terms of whether people are able to \"be\" and \"do\" desirable things in their life, and was published by the United Nations Development Programme.", "title": "Human Development Index" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``You Beat Me to the Punch ''is a soul single by Motown singer Mary Wells, released on the Motown label in 1962. It was co-written by Smokey Robinson of the Miracles, who was responsible for the majority of hits released by Wells while she was a Motown artist, and another Miracles member, Ronnie White.", "title": "You Beat Me to the Punch" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "After working on various solo projects during 1988 (including Mercury's collaboration with Montserrat Caballé, Barcelona), the band released The Miracle in 1989. The album continued the direction of A Kind of Magic, using a pop-rock sound mixed with a few heavy numbers. It spawned the European hits \"I Want It All\", \"Breakthru\", \"The Invisible Man\", \"Scandal\", and \"The Miracle\". The Miracle also began a change in direction of Queen's songwriting philosophy. Since the band's beginning, nearly all songs had been written by and credited to a single member, with other members adding minimally. With The Miracle, the band's songwriting became more collaborative, and they vowed to credit the final product only to Queen as a group.", "title": "Queen (band)" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Heart development refers to the prenatal development of the human heart. This begins with the formation of two endocardial tubes which merge to form the tubular heart, also called the primitive heart tube, that loops and septates into the four chambers and paired arterial trunks that form the adult heart. The heart is the first functional organ in vertebrate embryos, and in the human, beats spontaneously by week 4 of development.", "title": "Heart development" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The modern term \"culture\" is based on a term used by the Ancient Roman orator Cicero in his Tusculanae Disputationes, where he wrote of a cultivation of the soul or \"cultura animi\", using an agricultural metaphor for the development of a philosophical soul, understood teleologically as the highest possible ideal for human development. Samuel Pufendorf took over this metaphor in a modern context, meaning something similar, but no longer assuming that philosophy was man's natural perfection. His use, and that of many writers after him \"refers to all the ways in which human beings overcome their original barbarism, and through artifice, become fully human\".", "title": "Culture" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Soviet Union suffered greatly in the war, losing around 27 million people. Approximately 2.8 million Soviet POWs died of starvation, mistreatment, or executions in just eight months of 1941 -- 42. During the war, the Soviet Union together with the United States, the United Kingdom and China were considered as the Big Four of Allied powers in World War II and later became the Four Policemen which was the foundation of the United Nations Security Council. It emerged as a superpower in the post-war period. Once denied diplomatic recognition by the Western world, the Soviet Union had official relations with practically every nation by the late 1940s. A member of the United Nations at its foundation in 1945, the Soviet Union became one of the five permanent members of the United Nations Security Council, which gave it the right to veto any of its resolutions.", "title": "Soviet Union" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Human Development Report for 2007/2008 was launched in Brasília, Brazil, on November 27, 2007. Its focus was on \"Fighting climate change: Human solidarity in a divided world.\" Most of the data used for the report are derived largely from 2005 or earlier, thus indicating an HDI for 2005. Not all UN member states choose to or are able to provide the necessary statistics.", "title": "Human Development Index" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Space Race began on August 2, 1955, when the Soviet Union responded to the US announcement four days earlier of intent to launch artificial satellites for the International Geophysical Year, by declaring they would also launch a satellite ``in the near future ''. The Soviet Union beat the US to this, with the October 4, 1957, orbiting of Sputnik 1, and later beat the US to the first human in space, Yuri Gagarin, on April 12, 1961. The`` race'' peaked with the July 20, 1969, US landing of the first humans on the Moon with Apollo 11. The USSR tried but failed crewed lunar missions, and eventually canceled them and concentrated on Earth orbital space stations.", "title": "Space Race" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Greece is classified as an advanced, high-income economy, and was a founding member of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and of the Organization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation (BSEC). The country joined what is now the European Union in 1981. In 2001 Greece adopted the euro as its currency, replacing the Greek drachma at an exchange rate of 340.75 drachmae per euro. Greece is a member of the International Monetary Fund and of the World Trade Organization, and ranked 34th on Ernst & Young's Globalization Index 2011.", "title": "Economy of Greece" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Danisco shares were listed on the Copenhagen Stock Exchange and a member of the blue chip OMX Copenhagen 20 index until June 2011, when DuPont completed a US$6.3 billion acquisition of the company.", "title": "Danisco" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The formula defining the HDI is promulgated by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). In general, to transform a raw variable, say , into a unit-free index between 0 and 1 (which allows different indices to be added together), the following formula is used:", "title": "Human Development Index" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In pottery, a potter's wheel is a machine used in the shaping (known as throwing) of round ceramic ware. The wheel may also be used during the process of trimming the excess body from dried ware, and for applying incised decoration or rings of colour. Use of the potter's wheel became widespread throughout the Old World but was unknown in the Pre-Columbian New World, where pottery was handmade by methods that included coiling and beating.", "title": "Potter's wheel" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Richard Francis Ruggles (1916– March 4, 2001) was an American economist known for \"developing accounting tools for measuring national income and improving price indexes used in formulating government policy.\"", "title": "Richard Ruggles" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Human Development Index report of 2005 shows that there were three boroughs with a very high Human Development Index, 12 with a high HDI value (9 above .85) and one with a medium HDI value (almost high). Benito Juárez borough had the highest HDI of the country (.9510) followed by Miguel Hidalgo which came up 4th nationally with a HDI of (.9189) and Coyoacán (5th nationally) with a HDI value of (.9169). Cuajimalpa, Cuauhtémoc and Azcapotzalco had very high values; respectively .8994 (15th nationally),.8922 (23rd) and .8915 (25th).", "title": "Mexico City" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The ``Miracle on Ice ''refers to a medal - round game during the men's ice hockey tournament at the 1980 Winter Olympics in Lake Placid, New York, played between the hosting United States, and the four - time defending gold medalists, the Soviet Union.", "title": "Miracle on Ice" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Greece is a developed country with high standards of living[citation needed] and high Human Development Index. Its economy mainly comprises the service sector (85.0%) and industry (12.0%), while agriculture makes up 3.0% of the national economic output. Important Greek industries include tourism (with 14.9 million international tourists in 2009, it is ranked as the 7th most visited country in the European Union and 16th in the world by the United Nations World Tourism Organization) and merchant shipping (at 16.2% of the world's total capacity, the Greek merchant marine is the largest in the world), while the country is also a considerable agricultural producer (including fisheries) within the union.", "title": "Greece" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The first practical submarines were developed in the late 19th century, but it was only after the development of the torpedo that submarines became truly dangerous (and hence useful). By the end of the First World War submarines had proved their potential. During the Second World War Nazi Germany's submarine fleet of U-boats almost starved Britain into submission and inflicted huge losses on US coastal shipping. The success of submarines led to the development of new anti-submarine convoy escorts during the First and Second World Wars, such as the destroyer escort. Confusingly, many of these new types adopted the names of the smaller warships from the age of sail, such as corvette, sloop and frigate.", "title": "Warship" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The origins of the HDI are found in the annual Human Development Reports produced by the Human Development Reports Office of the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). These were devised and launched by Pakistani economist Mahbub ul Haq in 1990, and had the explicit purpose ``to shift the focus of development economics from national income accounting to people - centered policies ''. To produce the Human Development Reports, Mahbub ul Haq formed a group of development economists including Paul Streeten, Frances Stewart, Gustav Ranis, Keith Griffin, Farhan C.M, Sudhir Anand, and Meghnad Desai. Nobel laureate Amartya Sen utilized Haq's work in his own work on human capabilities. Haq believed that a simple composite measure of human development was needed to convince the public, academics, and politicians that they can and should evaluate development not only by economic advances but also improvements in human well - being.", "title": "Human Development Index" } ]

[ { "answer": "the Soviet Union", "id": 50525, "paragraph_support_idx": 16, "question": "who did the us beat in the miracle on ice", "raw_question": "who did the us beat in the miracle on ice", "statement": "The US beat the Soviet Union in the Miracle on Ice." }, { "answer": "the United Nations", "id": 83359, "paragraph_support_idx": 7, "question": "the us and the Soviet Union became important members in", "raw_question": "the us and #1 became important members in", "statement": "The United Nations includes both the US and the Soviet Union as important members." }, { "answer": "1990", "id": 44615, "paragraph_support_idx": 19, "question": "when was the human development index adopted by the United Nations", "raw_question": "when was the human development index adopted by #2", "statement": "The human development index was adopted by the United Nations in 1990." } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "JetBlue first announced its intention to introduce premium seats on some of its transcontinental flights in March 2013. The company officially announced its Mint premium class product on September 30, 2013; the aforementioned service was to be available on flights between New York and San Francisco and New York and Los Angeles, with fares for Mint - class seats starting at US $599 each way. Dave Barger, JetBlue CEO at the time, said that the move was necessary for the airline to better compete with its competitors, which were operating lie - flat seats in transcontinental markets, leaving JetBlue with an all - economy class cabin. The routes were to be operated with new Airbus A321 aircraft, and feature Wi - Fi connectivity. JetBlue's all seven daily round - trip flights between New York and Los Angeles were to feature the service by the fourth quarter of 2014, and all five daily round - trip flights between New York and San Francisco by early 2015. The first Mint flight, from New York -- JFK to Los Angeles, was to begin on June 15, 2014.", "title": "JetBlue Mint" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Here We Stand, released in November 2007, is the 6th studio album by English punk rock band Cock Sparrer. Recorded by former Vibrators bassist, Pat Collier, and mixed by Rancid's Lars Frederiksen and Michael Rosen, the album is the band's first new material for ten years. In addition to the 14-track CD version, the album was also released on vinyl as a picture disc. The tracks \"Will You?\" and \"So Many Things\" were omitted to improve the overall sound quality.", "title": "Here We Stand (Cock Sparrer album)" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Carol Berman (born September 21, 1923) is a New York Democratic Party politician from Lawrence, in Nassau County, New York, United States, who served in the New York State Senate from 1979 to 1984. Berman first achieved attention for her efforts to prevent the landing of Concorde and other supersonic transports at nearby John F. Kennedy International Airport.", "title": "Carol Berman" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Lindenhurst is a station on the Babylon Branch of the Long Island Rail Road. It is officially located at Wellwood Avenue (Suffolk CR 3) and East Hoffman Avenue (Suffolk CR 12) in Lindenhurst, New York.", "title": "Lindenhurst station" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The history of New York City has been influenced by the prehistoric geological formation during the last glacial period of the territory that is today New York City. The area was long inhabited by the Lenape; after initial European exploration in the 16th century, the Dutch established New Amsterdam in 1626. In 1664, the English conquered the area and renamed it New York.", "title": "History of New York City (prehistory–1664)" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``The Fox (What Does the Fox Say?) ''Single by Ylvis B - side`` Instrumental'' (CD) Released 3 September 2013 Format CD digital download Recorded Roc the Mic Studio New York, New York Genre EDM novelty Length 3: 33 Label Concorde TV Parlophone EMI Norway Songwriter (s) Bård Ylvisåker Vegard Ylvisåker Christian Løchstøer Tor Erik Hermansen Mikkel S. Eriksen Nicholas Boundy Producer (s) Stargate M4SONIC Ylvis singles chronology ``Janym (Жаным) ''(2012)`` The Fox (What Does the Fox Say?)'' (2013) ``The Cabin ''(2013) Audio sample file help Music video`` The Fox (What Does the Fox Say?)'' on YouTube", "title": "The Fox (What Does the Fox Say?)" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Cock Sparrer () is a punk rock band formed in 1972 in the East End of London, England. Although they have never enjoyed commercial success, they are considered one of the most influential street punk bands of all time, helping pave the way for early '80s punk scene and the Oi! subgenre. Their songs have been covered by many punk, Oi!, and hardcore bands.", "title": "Cock Sparrer" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Equestrian Statue of Theodore Roosevelt is a 1939 bronze sculpture by James Earle Fraser. It is located at the American Museum of Natural History, New York City. The equestrian statue depicts Theodore Roosevelt on horseback. Standing to either side of him are an American Indian and an African.", "title": "Equestrian statue of Theodore Roosevelt" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Toni Schlesinger is a Chicago-native, New York City-based journalist and theater artist. She is best known for her long running “Shelter” column in \"The Village Voice\" (1997–2006) and New York Observer (2006–07); a selection of the \"Voice\" pieces are gathered in the book \"Five Flights Up\" (Princeton Architectural Press 2006). Previously, Schlesinger was a writer and columnist for the \"Chicago Reader\" (1977–1992).", "title": "Toni Schlesinger" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Riverhead is a census-designated place (CDP) roughly corresponding to the hamlet by the same name located in the town of Riverhead in Suffolk County, New York on Long Island. The CDP's population was 13,299 at the 2010 census.", "title": "Riverhead (CDP), New York" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "WQBU-FM (92.7 FM, \"Que Buena 92.7\") is a radio station licensed to Garden City, New York and serving the western Long Island and New York City area. It broadcasts a Spanish language Regional Mexican format and is owned by Uforia Audio Network. The station's transmitter is located at the North Shore Towers in Floral Park, New York.", "title": "WQBU-FM" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "This is Where I Leave You began principal photography on May 13, 2013 in New York City. The home is located in Munsey Park on Long Island. The skating rink was in The Bellmores, New York. The synagogue interior and exterior scenes were actually shot at Congregation Kneses Tifereth Israel in Port Chester, New York. Approximately 40 members of the congregation played extras in the scenes.", "title": "This Is Where I Leave You" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "WKSE (98.5 FM, branded as KISS 98.5) is a Top 40 (CHR) station serving the Buffalo and Niagara Falls region of Western New York. The station's transmitter is located on Grand Island, New York. It has a sizable market in the Greater Toronto Area, but unlike the WBLK of old, does little marketing and promotion outside Western New York, but now has to compete with two CHR/Top 40 stations, (after the format change of CKIS) in the Greater Toronto Area; therefore, this will lower the number of listeners there. It is currently owned by Entercom Communications, with studios located on Corporate Parkway in Amherst, New York.", "title": "WKSE" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Raymond Orteig (1870 – 6 June 1939) was the New York City hotel owner who offered the Orteig Prize for the first non-stop transatlantic flight between New York City and Paris.", "title": "Raymond Orteig" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "New York City is situated in the Northeastern United States, in southeastern New York State, approximately halfway between Washington, D.C. and Boston. The location at the mouth of the Hudson River, which feeds into a naturally sheltered harbor and then into the Atlantic Ocean, has helped the city grow in significance as a trading port. Most of New York City is built on the three islands of Long Island, Manhattan, and Staten Island.", "title": "New York City" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The fastest transatlantic airliner flight was from New York JFK to London Heathrow on 7 February 1996 by the British Airways G - BOAD in 2 hours, 52 minutes, 59 seconds from take - off to touchdown aided by a 175 mph (282 km / h) tailwind. On 13 February 1985, a Concorde charter flight flew from London Heathrow to Sydney -- on the opposite side of the world -- in a time of 17 hours, 3 minutes and 45 seconds, including refuelling stops.", "title": "Concorde" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "While subsonic commercial jets took eight hours to fly from New York to Paris, the average supersonic flight time on the transatlantic routes was just under 3.5 hours. Concorde had a maximum cruise altitude of 18,300 metres (60,039 ft) and an average cruise speed of Mach 2.02, about 1155 knots (2140 km / h or 1334 mph), more than twice the speed of conventional aircraft.", "title": "Concorde" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Spirit of St. Louis (Registration: N-X - 211) is the custom - built, single engine, single - seat, high wing monoplane that was flown by Charles Lindbergh on May 20 -- 21, 1927, on the first solo nonstop transatlantic flight from Long Island, New York, to Paris, France, for which Lindbergh won the $25,000 Orteig Prize.", "title": "Spirit of St. Louis" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "WELJ (104.7 FM) is a radio station licensed to Montauk, New York and serving eastern Long Island and New London, Connecticut with a soft adult contemporary/oldies format branded as \"104.7 WELJ\".", "title": "WELJ" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The design work was supported by a preceding research programme studying the flight characteristics of low ratio delta wings. A supersonic Fairey Delta 2 was modified to carry the ogee planform, and, renamed as the BAC 221, used for flight tests of the high speed flight envelope, the Handley Page HP.115 also provided valuable information on low speed performance.Construction of two prototypes began in February 1965: 001, built by Aérospatiale at Toulouse, and 002, by BAC at Filton, Bristol. Concorde 001 made its first test flight from Toulouse on 2 March 1969, piloted by André Turcat, and first went supersonic on 1 October. The first UK-built Concorde flew from Filton to RAF Fairford on 9 April 1969, piloted by Brian Trubshaw. Both prototypes were presented to the public for the first time on 7–8 June 1969 at the Paris Air Show. As the flight programme progressed, 001 embarked on a sales and demonstration tour on 4 September 1971, which was also the first transatlantic crossing of Concorde. Concorde 002 followed suit on 2 June 1972 with a tour of the Middle and Far East. Concorde 002 made the first visit to the United States in 1973, landing at the new Dallas/Fort Worth Regional Airport to mark that airport's opening.During testing, Concorde F-WTSB attained the highest altitude recorded in sustained level flight of a passenger aircraft of 68,000 ft, in June 1973. Concorde G-AXDN attained the highest recorded speed of Mach 2.23 on 26 March 1974, at an altitude of 63,700 ft.", "title": "Concorde" } ]

[ { "answer": "Cock Sparrer", "id": 392375, "paragraph_support_idx": 1, "question": "Here We Stand >> performer", "raw_question": "Here We Stand >> performer", "statement": "Cock Sparrer was the performer of the album Here We Stand." }, { "answer": "London", "id": 313342, "paragraph_support_idx": 6, "question": "Cock Sparrer >> location of formation", "raw_question": "#1 >> location of formation", "statement": "Cock Sparrer was formed in London." }, { "answer": "2 hours, 52 minutes, 59 seconds", "id": 72164, "paragraph_support_idx": 15, "question": "how long was the flight from London to new york on concorde", "raw_question": "how long was the flight from #2 to new york on concorde", "statement": "The flight from London to New York on Concorde was 2 hours, 52 minutes, 59 seconds." } ]

[ "Concorde" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "La Grande Vitesse, a public sculpture by American artist Alexander Calder, is located on the large concrete plaza surrounding City Hall and the Kent County Building in Grand Rapids, Michigan, United States. Popularly referred to as simply \"the Calder\", since its installation in 1969 it has come to be a symbol of Grand Rapids, and an abstraction of it is included in the city's official logo.", "title": "La Grande Vitesse" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "New York City has the largest European and non-Hispanic white population of any American city. At 2.7 million in 2012, New York's non-Hispanic white population is larger than the non-Hispanic white populations of Los Angeles (1.1 million), Chicago (865,000), and Houston (550,000) combined. The European diaspora residing in the city is very diverse. According to 2012 Census estimates, there were roughly 560,000 Italian Americans, 385,000 Irish Americans, 253,000 German Americans, 223,000 Russian Americans, 201,000 Polish Americans, and 137,000 English Americans. Additionally, Greek and French Americans numbered 65,000 each, with those of Hungarian descent estimated at 60,000 people. Ukrainian and Scottish Americans numbered 55,000 and 35,000, respectively. People identifying ancestry from Spain numbered 30,838 total in 2010. People of Norwegian and Swedish descent both stood at about 20,000 each, while people of Czech, Lithuanian, Portuguese, Scotch-Irish, and Welsh descent all numbered between 12,000–14,000 people. Arab Americans number over 160,000 in New York City, with the highest concentration in Brooklyn. Central Asians, primarily Uzbek Americans, are a rapidly growing segment of the city's non-Hispanic white population, enumerating over 30,000, and including over half of all Central Asian immigrants to the United States, most settling in Queens or Brooklyn. Albanian Americans are most highly concentrated in the Bronx.", "title": "New York City" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "As of July 2016, White Americans are the racial majority. African Americans are the largest racial minority, amounting to an estimated 12.7% of the population. Hispanic and Latino Americans amount to an estimated 17.8% of the total U.S. population, making up the largest ethnic minority. The White, non-Hispanic or Latino population make up 61.3% of the nation's total, with the total White population (including White Hispanics and Latinos) being 76.9%.", "title": "Race and ethnicity in the United States" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Bronx has been featured significantly in fiction literature. All of the characters in Herman Wouk's City Boy: The Adventures of Herbie Bookbinder (1948) live in the Bronx, and about half of the action is set there. Kate Simon's Bronx Primitive: Portraits of a Childhood is directly autobiographical, a warm account of a Polish-Jewish girl in an immigrant family growing up before World War II, and living near Arthur Avenue and Tremont Avenue. In Jacob M. Appel's short story, \"The Grand Concourse\" (2007), a woman who grew up in the iconic Lewis Morris Building returns to the Morrisania neighborhood with her adult daughter. Similarly, in Avery Corman's book The Old Neighborhood (1980), an upper-middle class white protagonist returns to his birth neighborhood (Fordham Road and the Grand Concourse), and learns that even though the folks are poor, Hispanic and African-American, they are good people.", "title": "The Bronx" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "As of the census of 2010, there were 520,116 people, 229,762 households, and 112,455 families residing in the city. The population density was 2,500.1 inhabitants per square mile (965.3/km²). There were 209,609 housing units at an average density of 1,076.7 per square mile (415.7/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 69.7% White (down from 94.8% in 1970), 5.0% Black or African-American, 2.7% Native American, 2.9% Asian, 0.2% Pacific Islander, 16.9% from other races, and 3.8% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 41.6% of the population. Non-Hispanic Whites were 47.2% of the population in 2010, down from 72.8% in 1970.", "title": "Tucson, Arizona" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Lobster Trap and Fish Tail, a mobile by American artist Alexander Calder, is located at the Museum of Modern Art in New York City, New York, United States. It is one of Calder's earliest hanging mobiles and \"the first to reveal the basic characteristics of the genre that launched his enormous international reputation and popularity.\"", "title": "Lobster Trap and Fish Tail" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 2010 United States Census reported that Fresno had a population of 494,665. The population density was 4,404.5 people per square mile (1,700.6/km²). The racial makeup of Fresno was 245,306 (49.6%) White, 40,960 (8.3%) African American, 8,525 (1.7%) Native American, 62,528 (12.6%) Asian (3.6% Hmong, 1.7% Indian, 1.2% Filipino, 1.2% Laotian, 1.0% Thai, 0.8% Cambodian, 0.7% Chinese, 0.5% Japanese, 0.4% Vietnamese, 0.2% Korean), 849 (0.2%) Pacific Islander, 111,984 (22.6%) from other races, and 24,513 (5.0%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 232,055 persons (46.9%). Among the Hispanic population, 42.7% of the total population are Mexican, 0.4% Salvadoran, and 0.4% Puerto Rican. Non-Hispanic Whites were 30.0% of the population in 2010, down from 72.6% in 1970.", "title": "Fresno, California" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "According to the 2010 Census, 89.4 percent of the population was White (87.8 percent Non-Hispanic White), 6.3 percent American Indian and Alaska Native, 2.9 percent Hispanics and Latinos of any race, 0.6 percent Asian, 0.4 percent Black or African American, 0.1 percent Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander, 0.6 percent from Some Other Race, and 2.5 percent from two or more races. The largest European ancestry groups in Montana as of 2010 are: German (27.0 percent), Irish (14.8 percent), English (12.6 percent), Norwegian (10.9 percent), French (4.7 percent) and Italian (3.4 percent).", "title": "Montana" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 2012 Italian motorcycle Grand Prix was the ninth round of the 2012 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season. It took place on the weekend of 13–15 July 2012 at the Mugello Circuit.", "title": "2012 Italian motorcycle Grand Prix" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 2012 Czech Republic motorcycle Grand Prix was the twelfth round of the 2012 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season. It took place on the weekend of 24–26 August 2012 at the Masaryk Circuit located in Brno.", "title": "2012 Czech Republic motorcycle Grand Prix" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bugatti Veyron EB 16.4 Bugatti Veyron 16.4 Overview Manufacturer Bugatti Automobiles S.A.S (Volkswagen) Production 2005 -- 2011 (Veyron 16.4) 2009 -- 2015 (Grand Sport) 2010 -- 2011 (Super Sport) 2012 -- 2015 (Grand Sport Vitesse) Assembly Molsheim, Alsace, France Designer Jozef Kabaň Body and chassis Class Sports car (S) Body style 2 - door coupé (16.4, Super Sport) 2 - door targa top (Grand Sport, Grand Sport Vitesse) Layout Longitudinal, mid-engine permanent all wheel drive Related Audi Rosemeyer Bentley Hunaudières Powertrain Engine 8.0 L (488 cu in) quad - turbocharged W16 Power output Standard (Coupé), Grand Sport Roadster: 1,001 PS (987 hp; 736 kW) Super Sport (Coupé), Grand Sport Vitesse (Roadster): 1,200 PS (1,184 hp; 883 kW) Transmission 7 - speed DSG automatic transmission Wheelbase 2,710 mm (106.7 in) Length 4,462 mm (175.7 in) Width 1,998 mm (78.7 in) Height 1,159 mm (45.6 in) Kerb weight 1,838 -- 1,990 kg (4,050 -- 4,390 lb) Chronology Predecessor Bugatti EB 110 Successor Bugatti Chiron", "title": "Bugatti Veyron" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "As of the 2000 United States Census there were 40,517 people, 15,848 households, and 8,700 families residing in the city. The population density was 3,569.8 people per square mile (1,378.3/km2). There were 20,219 housing units at an average density of 1,781.4 per square mile (687.8/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 44.16% black or African American, 26.68% White, 0.48% Native American, 10.40% Asian, 0.06% Pacific Islander, 13.76% other races, and 4.47% from two or more races. 24.95% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 19.44% of the population was non-Hispanic whites.", "title": "Atlantic City, New Jersey" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Many Latin American migrants have been mestizo, Amerindian, or other mixed race. Multiracial Latinos have limited media appearance; critics have accused the U.S. Hispanic media of overlooking the brown-skinned indigenous and multiracial Hispanic and black Hispanic populations by over-representation of blond and blue/green-eyed white Hispanic and Latino Americans (who resemble Scandinavians and other Northern Europeans rather than they look like white Hispanic and Latino Americans mostly of typical Southern European features), and also light-skinned mulatto and mestizo Hispanic and Latino Americans (often deemed as white persons in U.S. Hispanic and Latino populations if achieving the middle class or higher social status), especially some of the actors on the telenovelas.", "title": "Multiracial Americans" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 2012 Japanese Grand Prix (formally known as the 2012 Formula 1 Japanese Grand Prix) was a Formula One motor race that took place at the Suzuka Circuit in Mie Prefecture, Japan on 7 October 2012 at 15:00 local time. The race was the fifteenth round of the 2012 season, and marked the 38th running of the Japanese Grand Prix.", "title": "2012 Japanese Grand Prix" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1950, whites represented 94.7% of Boston's population. From the 1950s to the end of the 20th century, the proportion of non-Hispanic whites in the city declined; in 2000, non-Hispanic whites made up 49.5% of the city's population, making the city majority-minority for the first time. However, in recent years the city has experienced significant gentrification, in which affluent whites have moved into formerly non-white areas. In 2006, the US Census Bureau estimated that non-Hispanic whites again formed a slight majority. But as of 2010, in part due to the housing crash, as well as increased efforts to make more affordable housing more available, the minority population has rebounded. This may also have to do with an increased Latino population and more clarity surrounding US Census statistics, which indicate a Non-Hispanic White population of 47 percent (some reports give slightly lower figures).", "title": "Boston" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Theo Janssen (born 27 July 1981) is a Dutch former footballer who played as a midfielder for various clubs in the Netherlands, including Vitesse Arnhem, Twente and Ajax, as well as on loan for Belgian club Genk. He spent 10 years with Vitesse before joining Twente in 2008, where he helped them win the Eredivisie and qualify for the Champions League for the first time in their history. After being named Dutch Footballer of the Year in 2011, he played a season with Ajax, before returning to Vitesse in August 2012.", "title": "Theo Janssen" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 2012 Japanese motorcycle Grand Prix was the fifteenth round of the 2012 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season. It took place on the weekend of 12–14 October 2012 at the Twin Ring Motegi, located in Motegi, Japan.", "title": "2012 Japanese motorcycle Grand Prix" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "According to the 2009 American Community Survey, White Americans of both Hispanic and non-Hispanic origin represented over one-fifth (22.9%) of the Bronx's population. However, non-Hispanic whites formed under one-eighth (12.1%) of the population, down from 34.4% in 1980. Out of all five boroughs, the Bronx has the lowest number and percentage of white residents. 320,640 whites called the Bronx home, of which 168,570 were non-Hispanic whites. The majority of the non-Hispanic European American population is of Italian and Irish descent. People of Italian descent numbered over 55,000 individuals and made up 3.9% of the population. People of Irish descent numbered over 43,500 individuals and made up 3.1% of the population. German Americans and Polish Americans made up 1.4% and 0.8% of the population respectively.", "title": "The Bronx" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Rodney Nuckey (26 June 1929 in Wood Green, London – 29 June 2000 in Manila, Philippines) was a British racing driver from England. He started in 500cc Formula 3. He entered two Formula One World Championship Grands Prix, debuting on 2 August 1953, although his place in the 1954 British Grand Prix was ultimately taken by Eric Brandon. Nuckey scored no championship points, but he finished third in the non-championship Syracuse Grand Prix in 1953, and took part in many other non-Championship Formula One races.", "title": "Rodney Nuckey" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Houston is considered to be a politically divided city whose balance of power often sways between Republicans and Democrats. Much of the city's wealthier areas vote Republican while the city's working class and minority areas vote Democratic. According to the 2005 Houston Area Survey, 68 percent of non-Hispanic whites in Harris County are declared or favor Republicans while 89 percent of non-Hispanic blacks in the area are declared or favor Democrats. About 62 percent of Hispanics (of any race) in the area are declared or favor Democrats. The city has often been known to be the most politically diverse city in Texas, a state known for being generally conservative. As a result, the city is often a contested area in statewide elections. In 2009, Houston became the first U.S. city with a population over 1 million citizens to elect a gay mayor, by electing Annise Parker.", "title": "Houston" } ]

[ { "answer": "Alexander Calder", "id": 259506, "paragraph_support_idx": 0, "question": "La Grande Vitesse >> creator", "raw_question": "La Grande Vitesse >> creator", "statement": "Alexander Calder, the creator of La Grande Vitesse, died in 1976, not 2012." }, { "answer": "New York City", "id": 771265, "paragraph_support_idx": 5, "question": "Alexander Calder >> place of death", "raw_question": "#1 >> place of death", "statement": "Alexander Calder died in New York City." }, { "answer": "2.7 million", "id": 1940, "paragraph_support_idx": 1, "question": "How many non-Hispanic whites lived in New York City in 2012?", "raw_question": "How many non-Hispanic whites lived in #2 in 2012?", "statement": "In 2012, 2.7 million non-Hispanic whites lived in New York City." } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Biysky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai and borders with Zonalny, Tselinny, Soltonsky, Krasnogorsky, Sovetsky, and Smolensky Districts, as well as with the territory of the City of Biysk. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Biysk (which is not administratively a part of the district). District's population:", "title": "Biysky District" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Many of the prominent buildings in the district were built by Madison-native-architect Francis Costigan, who favored the Greek Revival style. Two of these are National Historic Landmarks: the Lanier Mansion, and the Charles L. Shrewsbury House. The Lanier Mansion was the former home of James Lanier, who lent money to governor Oliver P. Morton to run the Indiana state government to circumvent the legislative process between 1862-1865. The Shrewsbury-Windle House was built for steamboat captain Charles Shrewsbury, who would later become a mayor of Madison. Costigan, himself, built his home in the district, and it is considered one of the best uses of a narrow lot by modern architects. A thirty-foot parlor is considered the highlight of the House.", "title": "Madison Historic District (Madison, Indiana)" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Baranya (, , / \"Baranja\", ) was an administrative county (comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory is now in southern Hungary (the present county Baranya) and northeastern Croatia (part of the Osijek-Baranja county). The capital of the county was Pécs.", "title": "Baranya County (former)" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Orroral River, a perennial stream of the Murrumbidgee catchment within the Murray-Darling basin, is located in the Australian Capital Territory, Australia.", "title": "Orroral River" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Federal Capital Territory (FCT) was formed from New South Wales in 1911 to provide a location for the proposed new federal capital of Canberra (Melbourne was the seat of government from 1901 to 1927). The FCT was renamed the Australian Capital Territory (ACT) in 1938. The Northern Territory was transferred from the control of the South Australian government to the Commonwealth in 1911.", "title": "History of Australia" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country.", "title": "Bogotá" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mount Franklin is a mountain with an elevation of in the Brindabella Ranges that is located on the border between the Australian Capital Territory and New South Wales, Australia. The summit of the mountain is located in the Australian Capital Territory.", "title": "Mount Franklin (Australian Capital Territory)" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Vilnius County () is the largest of the 10 counties of Lithuania, located in the east of the country around the city Vilnius. On 1 July 2010, the county administration was abolished, and since that date, Vilnius County remains as the territorial and statistical unit.", "title": "Vilnius County" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Arrondissement of Mechelen (; ) is one of the three administrative arrondissements in the Province of Antwerp, Belgium. It is both an administrative and a judicial arrondissement, as the territory for both coincides.", "title": "Arrondissement of Mechelen" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Tatra County () is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Lesser Poland Voivodeship, southern Poland, on the Slovak border. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and only town is Zakopane, which lies south of the regional capital Kraków. The county takes its name from the Tatra mountain range, which covers most of its territory.", "title": "Tatra County" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ap Lo Chun () is a small island in the New Territories of Hong Kong. It is located in Ap Chau Bay () between Ap Chau in the east and Sai Ap Chau in the west, with the islet of Ap Tan Pai nearby in the northeast. It is under the administration of North District.", "title": "Ap Lo Chun" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The ZEC Bras-Coupé-Desert is a \"zone d'exploitation contrôlée\" (controlled harvesting zone) (ZEC), located in the unorganized territory of Lac-Pythonga in La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of Outaouais, in Quebec, in Canada.", "title": "Zec Bras-Coupé–Désert" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Kingston Powerhouse is a disused power plant in Canberra, the capital of Australia. It is located in the suburb of Kingston, Australian Capital Territory.", "title": "Kingston Powerhouse" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Arcadia is a town in Jackson Township, Hamilton County, Indiana, United States. The population was 1,666 at the 2010 census.", "title": "Arcadia, Indiana" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Braddon (postcode: 2612) is an inner north suburb of Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia located adjacent to the Canberra CBD.", "title": "Braddon, Australian Capital Territory" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok was an administrative county (comitatus) in the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory, which is now in central Hungary, was slightly smaller than that of present Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok county. The capital of the county was Szolnok.", "title": "Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok County (former)" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1949, the Territory and the Territory of New Guinea were established in an administrative union by the name of the Territory of Papua and New Guinea. That administrative union was renamed as Papua New Guinea in 1971. Notwithstanding that it was part of an administrative union, the Territory of Papua at all times retained a distinct legal status and identity; it was a Possession of the Crown whereas the Territory of New Guinea was initially a League of Nations mandate territory and subsequently a United Nations trust territory. This important legal and political distinction remained until the advent of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea in 1975.", "title": "Territory of Papua" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "A union territory is a type of administrative division in the Republic of India. Unlike states, which have their own elected governments, union territories are ruled directly by the Union Government (central government), hence the name ``union territory ''. Union territories in India qualify as federal territories, by definition.", "title": "Union territory" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Paea is a commune in the suburbs of Papeete in French Polynesia, an overseas territory of France in the southern Pacific Ocean. Paea is located on the island of Tahiti, in the administrative subdivision of the Windward Islands, themselves part of the Society Islands. At the 2017 census it had a population of 13,021.", "title": "Paea" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Wayne Township is one of nine townships in Hamilton County, Indiana, United States and serves as one of two townships within Noblesville, Indiana's jurisdiction. As of the 2010 census, its population was 7,886 and it contained 3,252 housing units, an increase from 2415 in 2000, as Noblesville continues to expand eastward and Fishers reaches its northern limits. In 2007, Noblesville officially opened one of the largest mixed use developments in the state, called the Noblesville Corporate Campus. A portion of the development is located within the township. When completed, it will include a large industrial/commercial park, several housing developments, hotels, greenspace and a large outdoor shopping center called Hamilton Town Center, being built by the Simon Property Group, headquartered in nearby Indianapolis.", "title": "Wayne Township, Hamilton County, Indiana" } ]

[ { "answer": "Indiana", "id": 540691, "paragraph_support_idx": 1, "question": "Lanier Mansion >> located in the administrative territorial entity", "raw_question": "Lanier Mansion >> located in the administrative territorial entity", "statement": "The Lanier Mansion is located in the state of Indiana." }, { "answer": "Hamilton County", "id": 832324, "paragraph_support_idx": 13, "question": "Arcadia, Indiana >> located in the administrative territorial entity", "raw_question": "Arcadia, #1 >> located in the administrative territorial entity", "statement": "Arcadia is located in Hamilton County." }, { "answer": "Noblesville", "id": 795274, "paragraph_support_idx": 19, "question": "Hamilton County >> capital", "raw_question": "#2 >> capital", "statement": "The capital of Hamilton County is Noblesville." } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "With an area of 2,700,000 square kilometres (1,000,000 sq mi) – equivalent in size to Western Europe – Kazakhstan is the ninth-largest country and largest landlocked country in the world. While it was part of the Soviet Union, Kazakhstan lost some of its territory to China's Xinjiang autonomous region and some to Uzbekistan's Karakalpakstan autonomous republic.", "title": "Kazakhstan" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jerome Snyder (1916 - May 2, 1976) was an American illustrator and graphic designer. He is best known as the first art director of the magazine \"Sports Illustrated\" and as the co-author of the popular New York City restaurant guidebook \"The Underground Gourmet\" written with Milton Glaser.", "title": "Jerome Snyder" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Paraguay (; ; , ), officially the Republic of Paraguay (; ), is a country in South America. It is bordered by Argentina to the south and southwest, Brazil to the east and northeast, and Bolivia to the northwest. Although it is one of only two landlocked countries in South America (the other is Bolivia), the country has coasts, beaches and ports on the Paraguay and Paraná rivers that give exit to the Atlantic Ocean through the . Due to its central location in South America, it is sometimes referred to as \"Corazón de Sudamérica\" (\"Heart of South America\").", "title": "Paraguay" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``And did those feet in ancient time ''is a poem by William Blake from the preface to his epic Milton: A Poem in Two Books, one of a collection of writings known as the Prophetic Books. The date of 1804 on the title page is probably when the plates were begun, but the poem was printed c. 1808. Today it is best known as the anthem`` Jerusalem'', with music written by Sir Hubert Parry in 1916. It is not to be confused with another poem, much longer and larger in scope, but also by Blake, called Jerusalem The Emanation of the Giant Albion.", "title": "And did those feet in ancient time" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Thomas Gray's poem ``Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard ''refers to the heroism of Hampden in the stanza:`` Some village - Hampden, that with dauntless breast / The little tyrant of his fields withstood; / Some mute inglorious Milton here may rest, / Cromwell guiltless of his country's blood.''", "title": "John Hampden" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Milton Mills is a census-designated place in the town of Milton in Strafford County, New Hampshire. It had a population of 299 at the 2010 census. Milton Mills has a separate ZIP code (03852) from the rest of the town of Milton.", "title": "Milton Mills, New Hampshire" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 2003 Burkinabé coup d'état attempt was an alleged plot in the landlocked African country Burkina Faso that took place in October 2003. The attempted coup was carried out against long-time strongman President Blaise Compaoré and his Congress for Democracy and Progress regime, and resulted in the imprisonment of several members of the armed forces and political dissidents. Over a decade later, Compaoré would finally be overthrown in the 2014 Burkinabé uprising.", "title": "2003 Burkinabé coup d'état attempt" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Milton is an unincorporated community and census-designated place in Sumner County, Kansas, United States. Milton is southeast of Norwich. Milton has a post office with ZIP code 67106.", "title": "Milton, Kansas" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Swiss Armed Forces, including the Land Forces and the Air Force, are composed mostly of conscripts, male citizens aged from 20 to 34 (in special cases up to 50) years. Being a landlocked country, Switzerland has no navy; however, on lakes bordering neighbouring countries, armed military patrol boats are used. Swiss citizens are prohibited from serving in foreign armies, except for the Swiss Guards of the Vatican, or if they are dual citizens of a foreign country and reside there.", "title": "Switzerland" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Milton's 1645 \"Poems\" is a collection, divided into separate English and Latin sections, of the poet's youthful poetry in a variety of genres, including such notable works as \"An Ode on the Morning of Christ's Nativity\", \"Comus\", and \"Lycidas\". Appearing in late 1645 or 1646 (see 1646 in poetry), the octavo volume, whose full title is \"Poems of Mr. John Milton both English and Latin, compos'd at several times\", was issued by the Royalist publisher Humphrey Moseley. In 1673, a year before his death, Milton issued a revised and expanded edition of the \"Poems\".", "title": "Milton's 1645 Poems" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "John Milton (9 December 16088 November 1674) was an English poet, polemicist, man of letters, and civil servant for the Commonwealth of England under its Council of State and later under Oliver Cromwell. He wrote at a time of religious flux and political upheaval, and is best known for his epic poem \"Paradise Lost\" (1667), written in blank verse.", "title": "John Milton" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Nälkämaan laulu (meaning \"the song of the hunger country\") is a Finnish poem by Ilmari Kianto. It was turned into a song by Oskar Merikanto.", "title": "Nälkämaan laulu" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Of Mice and Men is a novella written by author John Steinbeck. Published in 1937, it tells the story of George Milton and Lennie Small, two displaced migrant ranch workers, who move from place to place in California in search of new job opportunities during the Great Depression in the United States.", "title": "Of Mice and Men" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Coton in the Elms is a village and parish in the English county of Derbyshire. At 70 miles from the coast, it is the furthest place in England from the sea. The population of the civil parish as of the 2011 census was 896. It is located 5 miles southwest of Swadlincote and 6 miles south of Burton upon Trent.", "title": "Coton in the Elms" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Joseph Crosby Lincoln (February 13, 1870 – March 10, 1944) was an American author of novels, poems, and short stories, many set in a fictionalized Cape Cod.", "title": "Joseph C. Lincoln" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Telman Mardanovich Ismailov (, ; born 26 October 1956) is an Azerbaijani-born businessman and entrepreneur of Mountain Jew origin. Since Azerbaijan does not allow dual citizenship, he holds Russian-Turkish citizenship. He is the chairman of the Russian AST Group of companies, which is active in many countries. Until 2009, Ismailov owned the Europe's then-largest marketplace, Cherkizovsky Market, located in Moscow, Russia.", "title": "Telman Ismailov" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Rohingya people have consistently faced human rights abuses by the Burmese regime that has refused to acknowledge them as Burmese citizens (despite some of them having lived in Burma for over three generations)—the Rohingya have been denied Burmese citizenship since the enactment of a 1982 citizenship law. The law created three categories of citizenship: citizenship, associate citizenship, and naturalised citizenship. Citizenship is given to those who belong to one of the national races such as Kachin, Kayah (Karenni), Karen, Chin, Burman, Mon, Rakhine, Shan, Kaman, or Zerbadee. Associate citizenship is given to those who cannot prove their ancestors settled in Myanmar before 1823, but can prove they have one grandparent, or pre-1823 ancestor, who was a citizen of another country, as well as people who applied for citizenship in 1948 and qualified then by those laws. Naturalized citizenship is only given to those who have at least one parent with one of these types of Burmese citizenship or can provide \"conclusive evidence\" that their parents entered and resided in Burma prior to independence in 1948. The Burmese regime has attempted to forcibly expel Rohingya and bring in non-Rohingyas to replace them—this policy has resulted in the expulsion of approximately half of the 800,000 Rohingya from Burma, while the Rohingya people have been described as \"among the world's least wanted\" and \"one of the world's most persecuted minorities.\" But the origin of ‘most persecuted minority’ statement is unclear.", "title": "Myanmar" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Milton Coimbra Sulzer (born May 4, 1975, in Santa Cruz de la Sierra) is a Bolivian retired football striker. He was a journeyman footballer playing for nine clubs in seven countries.", "title": "Milton Coimbra" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Without the King is a 2007 documentary film by Michael Skolnik, an American filmmaker. It follows problems of Swaziland, a landlocked country in southern Africa.", "title": "Without the King" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard is a poem by Thomas Gray, completed in 1750 and first published in 1751. The poem's origins are unknown, but it was partly inspired by Gray's thoughts following the death of the poet Richard West in 1742. Originally titled Stanzas Wrote in a Country Church - Yard, the poem was completed when Gray was living near St Giles' parish church at Stoke Poges. It was sent to his friend Horace Walpole, who popularised the poem among London literary circles. Gray was eventually forced to publish the work on 15 February 1751, to pre-empt a magazine publisher from printing an unlicensed copy of the poem.", "title": "Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard" } ]

[ { "answer": "John Milton", "id": 621442, "paragraph_support_idx": 9, "question": "Milton's 1645 Poems >> author", "raw_question": "Milton's 1645 Poems >> author", "statement": "John Milton is the author of Milton's 1645 Poems." }, { "answer": "England", "id": 544708, "paragraph_support_idx": 10, "question": "John Milton >> country of citizenship", "raw_question": "#1 >> country of citizenship", "statement": "John Milton was a citizen of England." }, { "answer": "Coton in the Elms", "id": 87310, "paragraph_support_idx": 13, "question": "what is the most landlocked place in England", "raw_question": "what is the most landlocked place in #2", "statement": "Coton in the Elms is the most landlocked place in England." } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Gmina Świdwin is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Świdwin County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. Its seat is the town of Świdwin, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina.", "title": "Gmina Świdwin" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Gmina Bełchatów is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Bełchatów County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. Its seat is the town of Bełchatów, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina.", "title": "Gmina Bełchatów" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country.", "title": "Bogotá" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Gmina Grybów is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Nowy Sącz County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland. Its seat is the town of Grybów, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina.", "title": "Gmina Grybów" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Gmina Sierpc is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Sierpc County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Sierpc, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina.", "title": "Gmina Sierpc" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Gmina Suwałki is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Suwałki County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland. Its seat is the town of Suwałki, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina.", "title": "Gmina Suwałki" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Arden is a small unincorporated community located along the Tygart Valley River in Barbour County in the north central portion of the U.S. state of West Virginia.", "title": "Arden, Barbour County, West Virginia" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Khabarovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It consists of two unconnected segments separated by the territory of Amursky District, which are located in the southwest of the krai. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Khabarovsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population:", "title": "Khabarovsky District" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Jones was sworn into office on January 3, 2018, becoming the first Democratic U.S. Senator from Alabama since Howell Heflin's retirement in 1997.", "title": "2017 United States Senate special election in Alabama" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Gmina Chełmno is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Chełmno County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Chełmno, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina.", "title": "Gmina Chełmno" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Gmina Chojnów is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Legnica County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. Its seat is the town of Chojnów, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina.", "title": "Gmina Chojnów" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Gmina Elbląg is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Elbląg County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. Its seat is the town of Elbląg, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina.", "title": "Gmina Elbląg" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Gmina Jordanów is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Sucha County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland. Its seat is the town of Jordanów, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina.", "title": "Gmina Jordanów" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Biysky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai and borders with Zonalny, Tselinny, Soltonsky, Krasnogorsky, Sovetsky, and Smolensky Districts, as well as with the territory of the City of Biysk. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Biysk (which is not administratively a part of the district). District's population:", "title": "Biysky District" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1949, the Territory and the Territory of New Guinea were established in an administrative union by the name of the Territory of Papua and New Guinea. That administrative union was renamed as Papua New Guinea in 1971. Notwithstanding that it was part of an administrative union, the Territory of Papua at all times retained a distinct legal status and identity; it was a Possession of the Crown whereas the Territory of New Guinea was initially a League of Nations mandate territory and subsequently a United Nations trust territory. This important legal and political distinction remained until the advent of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea in 1975.", "title": "Territory of Papua" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Wardville is a small unincorporated community in northern Atoka County, Oklahoma, United States, along State Highway 131 14 miles northeast of Coalgate, Oklahoma. The post office was established February 6, 1902 under the name Herbert, Oklahoma. Herbert was located in Atoka County, Choctaw Nation, a territorial-era entity which included portions of today's Atoka, Coal, Hughes and Pittsburg counties. The town was named after Herbert Ward, who was the youngest son of the towns first postmaster, Henry Pleasant Ward. The name of the town was changed to Wardville on July 18, 1907. Wardville was named for the before mentioned Henry Pleasant Ward, who served in the territorial House of Representatives and Senate and was an Atoka County judge. The Wardville Post Office closed in 2007.", "title": "Wardville, Oklahoma" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Gmina Kwidzyn is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kwidzyn County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. Its seat is the town of Kwidzyn, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina.", "title": "Gmina Kwidzyn" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Gmina Ozorków is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Zgierz County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. Its seat is the town of Ozorków, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina.", "title": "Gmina Ozorków" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Ventress Correctional Facility is an Alabama Department of Corrections state prison for men located in Clayton, Barbour County, Alabama. Opened in August 1990 with a capacity for 1650 inmates, Ventress was the state's first correctional facility dedicated to drug and alcohol treatment as its primary mission.", "title": "Ventress Correctional Facility" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Gmina Kościan is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kościan County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kościan, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina.", "title": "Gmina Kościan" } ]

[ { "answer": "Barbour County", "id": 283899, "paragraph_support_idx": 6, "question": "Arden >> located in the administrative territorial entity", "raw_question": "Arden >> located in the administrative territorial entity", "statement": "Arden is located in Barbour County." }, { "answer": "Alabama", "id": 362911, "paragraph_support_idx": 18, "question": "Barbour County >> located in the administrative territorial entity", "raw_question": "#1 >> located in the administrative territorial entity", "statement": "Arden is located in the state of Alabama." }, { "answer": "January 3, 2018", "id": 92119, "paragraph_support_idx": 8, "question": "when will the next senator from Alabama be seated", "raw_question": "when will the next senator from #2 be seated", "statement": "The next senator from Alabama will be seated on January 3, 2018." } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Result Allied victory Western Allied offensive plans delayed by five or six weeks Disastrous offensive in the Ardennes exhausted the resources of Germany on the Western Front. The German collapse opened the way for the Allies to ultimately break the Siegfried Line Soviet offensive in Poland launched on 12 January 1945, eight days earlier than originally intended.", "title": "Battle of the Bulge" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The island was named La Española and claimed by Spain, which ruled until the early 17th century. Competing claims and settlements by the French led to the western portion of the island being ceded to France, which named it Saint-Domingue. Sugarcane plantations, worked by slaves brought from Africa, were established by colonists.", "title": "Haiti" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Later in the 19th century, the navy recovered and became the second finest in the world after the Royal Navy. It conducted a successful blockade of Mexico in the Pastry War of 1838 and obliterated the Chinese navy at the Battle of Foochow in 1884. It also served as an effective link between the growing parts of the French empire. The navy performed well during World War I, in which it mainly protected the naval lanes in the Mediterranean Sea. At the onset of the war, the French -- with 16 battleships, 6 cruisers, and 24 destroyers -- had the largest fleet in the Mediterranean. French defeats in the early stages of World War II, however, forced the British to destroy the French navy at Mers - el - Kebir in order to prevent its fall to the Germans. Currently, French naval doctrine calls for two aircraft carriers, but the French currently only have one, the Charles de Gaulle, due to restructuring. The navy is in the midst of some technological and procurement changes; newer submarines are under construction and Rafale aircraft (the naval version) are currently replacing older aircraft.", "title": "Military history of France" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Hundred Days Offensive (8 August to 11 November 1918) was an Allied offensive which ended the First World War. Beginning with the Battle of Amiens (8–12 August) on the Western Front, the Allies pushed Central Powers back after their gains from the Spring Offensive. The Germans eventually retreated to the Hindenburg Line, culminating in the Armistice of 11 November 1918. The term \"Hundred Days Offensive\" does not refer to a battle or strategy, but rather the rapid series of Allied victories against which the German armies had no reply.", "title": "Hundred Days Offensive" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Commissioned in the Royal Garrison Artillery on 9 October 1914, Russell served on the Western Front during World War I, where he was twice wounded, won the Military Cross, and in 1918 was promoted acting major. After the war he and his wife returned to Australia and lived at Sandringham in Melbourne, close to the Royal Melbourne Golf Club.", "title": "Alex Russell (golfer)" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Battle of Transylvania was the first major operation of the Romanian forces Campaign during World War I, beginning on 27 August 1916. It started as an attempt by the Romanian Army to seize the disputed province of Transylvania, and potentially knock Austria-Hungary out of the war. Although initially successful, the offensive was brought to a halt after Bulgaria's attack on Dobruja. Coupled with a successful German and Austro-Hungarian counterattack which started in mid-September, the Romanian Army was eventually forced to retreat back to the Carpathians by mid-October. The Romanian armies however managed to escape the Central Powers' attempts to completely destroy them. The Battle of Transylvania also caused the replacement of the Chief of Staff of the German Army and the shifting of German attention to the region, causing German offensive operations at Verdun to cease.", "title": "Battle of Transylvania" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Battle of Königsberg, also known as the Königsberg Offensive, was one of the last operations of the East Prussian Offensive during World War II. In four days of violent urban warfare, Soviet forces of the 1st Baltic Front and the 3rd Belorussian Front captured the city of Königsberg – now Kaliningrad, Russia. The siege started in late January 1945 when the Soviets initially surrounded the city. There was heavy fighting for the overland connection between Königsberg and the port of Pillau, but by March 1945 Königsberg was hundreds of kilometres behind the main front line. The battle finished when the German garrison surrendered to the Soviets on 9 April after a three-day assault made their position untenable.", "title": "Battle of Königsberg" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Battle of the Bulge (16 December 1944 -- 25 January 1945) was the last major German offensive campaign on the Western Front during World War II. It was launched through the densely forested Ardennes region of Wallonia in eastern Belgium, northeast France, and Luxembourg, towards the end of World War II. The surprise attack caught the Allied forces completely off guard. American forces bore the brunt of the attack and incurred their highest casualties of any operation during the war. The battle also severely depleted Germany's armored forces, and they were largely unable to replace them. German personnel and, later, Luftwaffe aircraft (in the concluding stages of the engagement) also sustained heavy losses.", "title": "Battle of the Bulge" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Herbert Ihlefeld (1 June 1914 – 8 August 1995) was a German \"Luftwaffe\" military aviator during the Spanish Civil War and World War II, a fighter ace listed with 130 enemy aircraft shot down in over 1,000 combat missions. He claimed seven victories in the Spanish Civil War, and during World War II, 67 on the Eastern Front and 56 on the Western Front, including 15 four-engined bombers and 26 Supermarine Spitfires. He survived being shot down eight times during his 1,000 combat missions.", "title": "Herbert Ihlefeld" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "By summer 1918, a million American soldiers, or \"doughboys\" as they were often called, of the American Expeditionary Forces were in Europe under the command of John J. Pershing, with 25,000 more arriving every week. The failure of Germany's spring offensive exhausted its reserves and they were unable to launch new offensives. The German Navy and home front then revolted and a new German government signed a conditional surrender, the Armistice, ending the war against the western front on November 11, 1918.", "title": "Military history of the United States" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Western Front was the main theatre of war during the First World War. Following the outbreak of war in August 1914, the German Army opened the Western Front by invading Luxembourg and Belgium, then gaining military control of important industrial regions in France. The tide of the advance was dramatically turned with the Battle of the Marne. Following the Race to the Sea, both sides dug in along a meandering line of fortified trenches, stretching from the North Sea to the Swiss frontier with France, which changed little except during early 1917 and in 1918.", "title": "Western Front (World War I)" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "During World War I, the German Empire was one of the Central Powers that lost the war. It began participation in the conflict after the declaration of war against Serbia by its ally, Austria - Hungary. German forces fought the Allies on both the eastern and western fronts, although German territory itself remained relatively safe from widespread invasion for most of the war, except for a brief period in 1914 when East Prussia was invaded. A tight blockade imposed by the Royal Navy caused severe food shortages in the cities, especially in the winter of 1916 -- 17, known as the Turnip Winter. At the end of the war, Germany's defeat and widespread popular discontent triggered the German Revolution of 1918 -- 19 which overthrew the monarchy and established the Weimar Republic.", "title": "History of Germany during World War I" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "At the beginning of World War I, East Prussia became a theatre of war when the Russian Empire invaded the country. The Russian Army encountered at first little resistance because the bulk of the German Army had been directed towards the Western Front according to the Schlieffen Plan. Despite early success and the capture of the towns of Rastenburg and Gumbinnen, in the Battle of Tannenberg in 1914 and the Second Battle of the Masurian Lakes in 1915, the Russians were decisively defeated and forced to retreat. The Russians were followed by the German Army advancing into Russian territory.", "title": "East Prussia" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Theodor Weissenberger (21 December 1914 – 11 June 1950) was a German Luftwaffe military aviator during World War II and a fighter ace credited with 208 enemy aircraft shot down in 375 combat missions. The majority of his victories were claimed near the Arctic Ocean in the northern sector of the Eastern Front, but he also claimed 33 victories over the Western Front. He claimed eight of these victories over the Western Allies while flying the Messerschmitt Me 262 jet fighter.", "title": "Theodor Weissenberger" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The German Army came within 70 km (43 mi) of Paris but at the First Battle of the Marne (6 -- 12 September), French and British troops were able to force a German retreat by exploiting a gap which appeared between the 1st and 2nd Armies, ending the German advance into France. The German Army retreated north of the Aisne River and dug in there, establishing the beginnings of a static western front that was to last for the next three years. Following this German retirement, the opposing forces made reciprocal outflanking manoeuvres, known as the Race for the Sea and quickly extended their trench systems from the Swiss frontier to the North Sea. The territory occupied by Germany held 64 percent of French pig - iron production, 24 percent of its steel manufacturing and 40 percent of the coal industry -- dealing a serious blow to French industry.", "title": "Western Front (World War I)" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Schlieffen Plan (German: Schlieffen - Plan, pronounced (ʃliːfən plaːn)) was the name given after World War I to the thinking behind the German invasion of France and Belgium on 4 August 1914. Field Marshal Alfred von Schlieffen, the Chief of the Imperial Army German General Staff from 1891 to 1906, devised a deployment plan for a war - winning offensive, in a one - front war against the French Third Republic from 1905 -- 06. After the war, the German official historians of the Reichsarchiv and other writers, described the plan as a blueprint for victory. German historians claimed that the plan had been ruined by Generaloberst (Colonel - General) Helmuth von Moltke the Younger, the Commander - in - Chief of the German army after Schlieffen retired in 1906, who was dismissed after the First Battle of the Marne (5 -- 12 September 1914).", "title": "Schlieffen Plan" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Time Ace is an aerial combat game developed for the Nintendo DS by Trainwreck Studios and The Farm 51 and published by Konami. The game was released on June 12, 2007. Time Ace is based on the concept that an eccentric inventor from 1914, Dr. Hugo Clock, has formed a plan to travel forward in time to end World War I, but the evil Dr. Klaus Scythe uses the time machine to further his own plan for world domination. The player's goal is to stop Scythe's scheme.", "title": "Time Ace" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Hundred Days Offensive was the final period of the First World War, during which the Allies launched a series of offensives against the Central Powers on the Western Front from 8 August to 11 November 1918, beginning with the Battle of Amiens. The offensive essentially pushed the Germans out of France, forcing them to retreat beyond the Hindenburg Line, and was followed by an armistice. The term ``Hundred Days Offensive ''does not refer to a specific battle or unified strategy, but rather the rapid series of Allied victories starting with the Battle of Amiens.", "title": "Hundred Days Offensive" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 59th (2nd North Midland) Division was an infantry division of the British Army during World War I. It was formed in late 1914/early 1915 as a 2nd Line Territorial Force formation raised as a duplicate of the 46th (North Midland) Division. After training in the United Kingdom and saw service in the Easter Rising in April 1916, the division joined the British Expeditionary Force (BEF) on the Western Front in early 1917. It saw action at Ypres and Cambrai, and was almost destroyed during the German Army's Spring Offensive in March 1918. The reconstituted division took part in the final advances of the war.", "title": "59th (2nd North Midland) Division" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Major-General Gerald James Cuthbert (12 September 1861 – 1 February 1931) was a British Army officer who commanded a battalion in the Boer War and a division in the First World War. Cuthbert joined the Scots Guards in 1882 and served in Egypt and the Sudan during the late 19th century. During the Boer War he served with his regiment, rising to command a battalion and after the war he was given command of a brigade in the Territorial Force and then in the British Expeditionary Force of 1914. He served on the Western Front from 1914 to 1917, rising to command 39th Division, then returned to home service before retiring in 1919.", "title": "Gerald Cuthbert" } ]

[ { "answer": "France", "id": 160535, "paragraph_support_idx": 1, "question": "Which country owns Saint-Domingue?", "raw_question": "Which country owns Saint-Domingue?", "statement": "France owns Saint-Domingue." }, { "answer": "World War I", "id": 77663, "paragraph_support_idx": 2, "question": "when was the last time France won a war", "raw_question": "when was the last time #1 won a war", "statement": "The last time France won a war was in World War I." }, { "answer": "First Battle of the Marne", "id": 56335, "paragraph_support_idx": 14, "question": "where was the initial german offensive on World War I i western front stopped in september 1914", "raw_question": "where was the initial german offensive on #2 i western front stopped in september 1914", "statement": "The initial German offensive on the Western Front of World War I was stopped at the First Battle of the Marne in September 1914." } ]

[ "Battle of the Marne" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Antidote is the debut album by English jazz guitarist Ronny Jordan, that was released by Island Records in 1992.", "title": "The Antidote (Ronny Jordan album)" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Joel Rafael is an American singer-songwriter and folk musician from San Diego County, California. Rafael's second volume to celebrate the songs of Woody Guthrie, was released on Appleseed in 2005. The first volume, \"Woodeye\", was released on Inside Recordings in 2003. Joel and his acoustic band have been performing and touring nationally since 1993. In 2000, the Joel Rafael Band, comprising Joel Rafael, (lead vocals and guitar), his daughter Jamaica (violin, viola and vocals), Carl Johnson (acoustic lead guitar) and Jeff Berkley (ethno-percussion), released their third album, \"Hopper\" on Inside Recordings, an independent label created by Jackson Browne and his management. The album was nominated in 2001 for an Association For Independent Music (AFIM) Best Contemporary Folk award.", "title": "Joel Rafael" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "From the Inside Out is the second studio album by New Zealand emigre recording artist Stan Walker, released on 20 August 2010 through Sony Music Australia. Walker worked with several record producers and songwriters for the album, including Audius Mtawarira, Israel Cruz, Ryan Tedder, Phil Tan and Stuart Crichton, among others. Musically, the album incorporates synthpop, rock, soul and R&B genres.", "title": "From the Inside Out" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jamal Plays Jamal is an album by American jazz pianist Ahmad Jamal featuring performances recorded in 1974 and released on the 20th Century label.", "title": "Jamal Plays Jamal" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Groovin' High is an album by American jazz saxophonist Booker Ervin featuring performances recorded in 1963 and 1964 for the Prestige label.", "title": "Groovin' High (Booker Ervin album)" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Joanne ''Song by Michael Nesmith from the album Magnetic South Released 1970 Recorded 1970 Genre Country rock Length 3: 10 Label RCA Victor Songwriter (s) Michael Nesmith Producer (s) Felton Jarvis", "title": "Joanne (Michael Nesmith song)" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Really Big! is the second album by saxophonist Jimmy Heath featuring big band performances recorded in 1960 and originally released on the Riverside label.", "title": "Really Big!" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``The Pink Panther Theme ''Song by Henry Mancini from the album The Pink Panther Released 1963 Recorded 1963 Genre Jazz Length 2: 40 Label RCA Victor Songwriter (s) Henry Mancini Producer (s) Joe Reitman", "title": "The Pink Panther Theme" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Easterly Winds is an album by American jazz pianist Jack Wilson featuring performances recorded and released on the Blue Note label in 1967.", "title": "Easterly Winds" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Antoine Marchand is a record label established in 2003 by the Dutch early music performer Ton Koopman. Antoine Marchand is the French translation of Ton Koopman. The label is distributed by Dutch Jazz and classics distributor Challenge.", "title": "Antoine Marchand" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Straight No Filter is an album by jazz saxophonist Hank Mobley, recorded mostly in 1963 but not released on the Blue Note label until 1985. The albums compiles performances recorded at four different sessions from 1963 to 1966.", "title": "Straight No Filter" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bach to the Blues is an album performed by the Ramsey Lewis Trio that was recorded in 1964 and released on the Argo label.", "title": "Bach to the Blues" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "ECM (Edition of Contemporary Music) is an independent record label founded by Karl Egger, Manfred Eicher and Manfred Scheffner in Munich in 1969. While ECM is best known for jazz music, the label has released a variety of recordings, and ECM's artists often refuse to acknowledge boundaries between genres. ECM's motto is \"the Most Beautiful Sound Next to Silence\", taken from a 1971 review of ECM releases in \"Coda\", a Canadian jazz magazine.", "title": "ECM Records" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Inside Out is the second live album by American rock band Bon Jovi, and was released on November 27, 2012. It includes songs from shows at O2 Arena, New Meadowlands Stadium, and Madison Square Garden, recorded during the band's Lost Highway Tour in 2008 and the Circle Tour in 2010. The album was first shown at movie theaters, with screenings preceded by a question-and-answer session with Jon Bon Jovi, Richie Sambora, David Bryan and Tico Torres streamed live from a theater in New York, and was subsequently made available for purchase on iTunes.", "title": "Inside Out (Bon Jovi album)" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Matador is an album by American jazz trumpeter Kenny Dorham featuring performances recorded in 1962 and released on the United Artists label.", "title": "Matador (Kenny Dorham album)" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Something on the Inside is the seventh overall album of gospel singer Vanessa Bell Armstrong, and fourth for major label Jive Records. The title track was released as a single. \"Something On The Inside\" also reunites her with longtime collaborator and pacesetting gospel producer Thomas Whitfield. This would be Armstrong's last release for the Jive label before being shifted to its gospel sister label Verity Records for 1995's more traditional gospel release \"The Secret Is Out\".", "title": "Something on the Inside" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Bounce is the eighth studio album by American rock band Bon Jovi, released on October 8, 2002 through Island Records. Produced by Luke Ebbin, Jon Bon Jovi and Richie Sambora, the album was recorded at Sanctuary II Studio in New Jersey.", "title": "Bounce (Bon Jovi album)" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Top and Bottom Brass is an album by trumpeter Clark Terry featuring performances recorded in early 1959 and originally released on the Riverside label.", "title": "Top and Bottom Brass" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Opening is a live album by American jazz pianist Mal Waldron featuring a performance recorded in Paris in 1970 and released on the French Futura label.", "title": "The Opening (album)" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Work Time is an album by jazz saxophonist Sonny Rollins, recorded for the Prestige label, featuring performances by Rollins with Ray Bryant, George Morrow, and Max Roach.", "title": "Work Time" } ]

[ { "answer": "Bon Jovi", "id": 791978, "paragraph_support_idx": 13, "question": "Inside Out >> performer", "raw_question": "Inside Out >> performer", "statement": "Bon Jovi is the performer." }, { "answer": "Island Records", "id": 763924, "paragraph_support_idx": 16, "question": "Bon Jovi >> record label", "raw_question": "#1 >> record label", "statement": "Bon Jovi is signed to Island Records." }, { "answer": "jaz", "id": 573834, "paragraph_support_idx": 0, "question": "Island Records >> genre", "raw_question": "#2 >> genre", "statement": "Island Records is a record label." } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Goh Keng Swee Command and Staff College (GKS CSC) is one of five officer schools of the SAFTI Military Institute of the Singapore Armed Forces (SAF).", "title": "Goh Keng Swee Command and Staff College" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mona Lisa Italian: La Gioconda, French: La Joconde Artist Leonardo da Vinci Year c. 1503 -- 06, perhaps continuing until c. 1517 Medium Oil on poplar panel Subject Lisa Gherardini 77 cm × 53 cm (30 in × 21 in) Location Musée du Louvre, Paris", "title": "Mona Lisa" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Battle of Sabugal was an engagement of the Peninsular War which took place on 3 April 1811 between Anglo-Portuguese forces under Arthur Wellesley (later the Duke of Wellington) and French troops under the command of Marshal André Masséna. It was the last of many skirmishes between Masséna's retreating French forces and those of the Anglo-Portuguese under Wellington, who were pursuing him after the failed 1810 French invasion of Portugal.", "title": "Battle of Sabugal" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Educated at The King's School, Pontefract, the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst and Clare College, Cambridge, Scott Grant was commissioned into the Corps of Royal Engineers in 1965. He became Director-General Training & Doctrine for the Army in 1991, Team Leader for the Command Structure Review in 1993 and General Officer Commanding UK Support Command (Germany) in 1994. In 1996 he became Commandant of the Royal College of Defence Studies and in 1998 he was appointed Quartermaster-General to the Forces. He was appointed a Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath in the 1999 New Year Honours and then retired in 2000.", "title": "Scott Grant" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Clara Eaton Cummings (13 July 1855 – 28 December 1906) was an American cryptogamic botanist and Hunnewell Professor of Cryptogamic Botany at Wellesley College in Massachusetts.", "title": "Clara Eaton Cummings" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Smaller private schools include Babson College, Bentley University, Boston Architectural College, Emmanuel College, Fisher College, MGH Institute of Health Professions, Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Simmons College, Wellesley College, Wheelock College, Wentworth Institute of Technology, New England School of Law (originally established as America's first all female law school), and Emerson College.", "title": "Boston" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jerry Dentler Page (February 27, 1915 – March 19, 1989) was a major general in the United States Air Force and commandant of the Air War College who was reassigned after making controversial statements at the school. Page was considered to be one of the \"ablest minds\" of the Air Force in the 1960s.", "title": "Jerry D. Page" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mona Lisa's Revenge is a two-part story of \"The Sarah Jane Adventures\" which was broadcast on CBBC on 12 and 13 November 2009. It is the fifth serial of the third series.", "title": "Mona Lisa's Revenge" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Lieutenant General Sir James Melville Babington (31 July 1854 – 15 June 1936) was a British Army officer and a renowned leader of cavalry, making a name for himself for his actions in the Second Boer War. He was Commander of the New Zealand Defence Force and one of the most respected British generals in the First World War, in command of the 23rd Division. After the war he was Commander of the British Forces in Italy.", "title": "James Melville Babington" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Following the Declaration by United Nations (the first official use of the term United Nations) on 1 January 1942, the Allied governments appointed the British General Sir Archibald Wavell to the American-British-Dutch-Australian Command (ABDACOM), a supreme command for Allied forces in Southeast Asia. This gave Wavell nominal control of a huge force, albeit thinly spread over an area from Burma to the Philippines to northern Australia. Other areas, including India, Hawaii, and the rest of Australia remained under separate local commands. On 15 January Wavell moved to Bandung in Java to assume control of ABDACOM.", "title": "Pacific War" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "In 1953, Katherine Ann Watson (Julia Roberts), a 30 - year - old graduate student in the department of Art History at UCLA, takes a position teaching ``History of Art ''at Wellesley College, a conservative women's private liberal arts college in Massachusetts. At her first class, Katherine discovers that her students have already memorized the entire textbook and syllabus, so she uses the classes to introduce them to Modern Art and encourages discussion about topics such as what makes good art. Katherine comes to know her students and seeks to inspire them to achieve more than marriage to eligible young men.", "title": "Mona Lisa Smile" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mary Rockwell (later Hook) graduated from Wellesley College in 1900. According to Hook's autobiography, she decided to become an architect after a 1902 family trip abroad:", "title": "Mary Rockwell Hook" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ibrahim Abboud was born 26 October 1900 at Mohammed-Gol, near the old port city of Suakin on the Red Sea. He trained as an engineer at the Gordon Memorial College and at the Military College in Khartoum. He received a commission in the Egyptian Army in 1918 and transferred to the Sudan Defence Force in 1925, after its creation separate from the Egyptian army. During World War II he served in Eritrea, in Ethiopia, with the Sudan Defence Force, and with the British army in North Africa. After the war, Abboud rose rapidly to commander of the Sudan Defence Force in 1949 and assistant commander in chief in 1954. With the declaration of independence for the Sudan in 1956, he was made commander in chief of the Sudanese military forces. After the Sudanese army staged a \"coup d'état\" in November 1958, overthrowing the civilian government of Abdullah Khalil, Gen. Abboud led the new military government.", "title": "Ibrahim Abboud" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The battle of Warsaw was fought from August 12–25, 1920 as Red Army forces commanded by Mikhail Tukhachevsky approached the Polish capital of Warsaw and the nearby Modlin Fortress. On August 16, Polish forces commanded by Józef Piłsudski counterattacked from the south, disrupting the enemy's offensive, forcing the Russian forces into a disorganized withdrawal eastward and behind the Neman River. Estimated Russian losses were 10,000 killed, 500 missing, 30,000 wounded, and 66,000 taken prisoner, compared with Polish losses of some 4,500 killed, 10,000 missing, and 22,000 wounded.", "title": "Battle of Warsaw (1920)" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The current Chief of the Defence Staff, the professional head of the British Armed Forces, is General Sir Nicholas Houghton, late Green Howards. He is supported by the Vice Chief of the Defence Staff, by the professional heads of the three services of HM Armed Forces and by the Commander of Joint Forces Command.", "title": "Ministry of Defence (United Kingdom)" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Mona Lisa (; or La Gioconda , ) is a half-length portrait painting by the Italian Renaissance artist Leonardo da Vinci that has been described as \"the best known, the most visited, the most written about, the most sung about, the most parodied work of art in the world.\" The \"Mona Lisa\" is also one of the most valuable paintings in the world. It holds the Guinness World Record for the highest known insurance valuation in history at US$100 million in 1962 (equivalent to $ million in ).", "title": "Mona Lisa" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Mona Lisa (/ ˌmoʊnə ˈliːsə /; Italian: Monna Lisa (ˈmɔnna ˈliːza) or La Gioconda (la dʒoˈkonda), French: La Joconde (la ʒɔkɔ̃d)) is a half - length portrait painting by the Italian Renaissance artist Leonardo da Vinci that has been described as ``the best known, the most visited, the most written about, the most sung about, the most parodied work of art in the world ''. The Mona Lisa is also one of the most valuable paintings in the world. It holds the Guinness World Record for the highest known insurance valuation in history at $100 million in 1962, which is worth nearly $800 million in 2017.", "title": "Mona Lisa" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "General William Howe, 5th Viscount Howe, KB, PC (10 August 1729 -- 12 July 1814) was a British Army officer who rose to become Commander - in - Chief of British forces during the American War of Independence. Howe was one of three brothers who had distinguished military careers.", "title": "William Howe, 5th Viscount Howe" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Strickland graduated from Rhodes College in Memphis (Tennessee) in 1968. She studied English literature and earned a PhD from the University of Michigan in 1973. She taught at various universities during the 1980, such as Rutgers University and the State University of New York in Stony Brook. During a sabbatical in Geneva, Switzerland, she began writing widely on contemporary art. Having returned to the United States, she regularly published articles in The Christian Science Monitor, The New York Times, and the Wall Street Journal, but also for magazines, such as The Nation and Art & Antiques. Her articles are mainly focused on art and architecture. She is also the author of \"The Annotated Mona Lisa\" and \"The Annotated Arch\". \"The Annotated Mona Lisa\" includes articles on art history and architectural history from antiquity to the post-modern period. It has been translated in various languages.", "title": "Carol Strickland" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "In addition to city government, numerous commissions and state authorities—including the Massachusetts Department of Conservation and Recreation, the Boston Public Health Commission, the Massachusetts Water Resources Authority (MWRA), and the Massachusetts Port Authority (Massport)—play a role in the life of Bostonians. As the capital of Massachusetts, Boston plays a major role in state politics.", "title": "Boston" } ]

[ { "answer": "in Massachusetts", "id": 51280, "paragraph_support_idx": 10, "question": "where is wellesley college in mona lisa smile", "raw_question": "where is wellesley college in mona lisa smile", "statement": "Wellesley College is located in Massachusetts." }, { "answer": "Boston", "id": 6975, "paragraph_support_idx": 19, "question": "What is the capital of in Massachusetts ?", "raw_question": "What is the capital of #1 ?", "statement": "Boston is the capital of Massachusetts." }, { "answer": "William Howe", "id": 49087, "paragraph_support_idx": 17, "question": "who was the commander of the british forces in Boston", "raw_question": "who was the commander of the british forces in #2", "statement": "William Howe was the commander of the British forces in Boston." } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The phrase comes from the opening stanza of Ralph Waldo Emerson's ``Concord Hymn ''(1837) and refers to the first shot of the American Revolution at the Old North Bridge in Concord, Massachusetts, where the first British soldiers fell in the battles of Lexington and Concord. Historically, no single shot can be cited as the first shot of the battle or the war. Shots were fired earlier at Lexington, Massachusetts where eight Americans were killed and a British soldier was slightly wounded, but accounts of that event are confused and contradictory. The North Bridge skirmish did see the first shots by Americans acting under orders, the first organized volley by Americans, the first British fatalities, and the first British retreat.", "title": "Shot heard round the world" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Battle of Atlanta was a battle of the Atlanta Campaign fought during the American Civil War on July 22, 1864, just southeast of Atlanta, Georgia. Continuing their summer campaign to seize the important rail and supply center of Atlanta, Union forces commanded by William Tecumseh Sherman overwhelmed and defeated Confederate forces defending the city under John Bell Hood. Union Maj. Gen. James B. McPherson was killed during the battle. Despite the implication of finality in its name, the battle occurred midway through the campaign, and the city did not fall until September 2, 1864, after a Union siege and various attempts to seize railroads and supply lines leading to Atlanta. After taking the city, Sherman's troops headed south - southeastward toward Milledgeville, the state capital, and on to Savannah with the March to the Sea.", "title": "Battle of Atlanta" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "President Juárez once again based his government in the state of Chihuahua and it served as the center for the resistance against the French invasion throughout Mexico. On March 25, 1866, a battle ensued in the Plaza de Armas in the center of Chihuahua City between the French imperial forces that were guarding the plaza and the Republican forces led by General Terrazas. Being completely caught off guard, the French imperial forces sought refuge by bunkering themselves in the Cathedral of the Holy Cross, Our Lady of Regla, and St Fancis of Assisi and made it almost impossible to penetrate their defenses. General Terrazas then decided to fire a heavy artillery barrage with 8 kg cannonballs. The first cannon fired hit a bell in the tower of the church, instantly breaking it in half; soon after, 200 men of the imperial army forces surrendered. The republican forces had recovered control over the state capital. The bell in the church was declared a historical monument and can be seen today in the Cathedral. By April 1866, the state government had established a vital trading route from Chihuahua City to San Antonio, Texas; the government began to replenish their supplies and reinforce their fight against the Imperial forces.", "title": "Chihuahua (state)" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Battle of the Coral Sea, fought from 4 to 8 May 1942, was a major naval battle between the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) and naval and air forces from the United States and Australia, taking place in the Pacific Theatre of World War II. The battle is historically significant as the first action in which aircraft carriers engaged each other, as well as the first in which neither side's ships sighted or fired directly upon the other.", "title": "Battle of the Coral Sea" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Battle of Trenton was a small but pivotal battle during the American Revolutionary War which took place on the morning of December 26, 1776, in Trenton, New Jersey. After General George Washington's crossing of the Delaware River north of Trenton the previous night, Washington led the main body of the Continental Army against Hessian mercenaries garrisoned at Trenton. After a brief battle, almost two - thirds of the Hessian force was captured, with negligible losses to the Americans. The battle significantly boosted the Continental Army's flagging morale, and inspired re-enlistments.", "title": "Battle of Trenton" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "On February 8, 1847, Doniphan continued his march with 924 men mostly from Missouri; he accompanied a train of 315 wagons of a large commercial caravan heading to the state capital. Meanwhile, the Mexican forces in the state had time to prepare a defense against the Americans. About 20 miles (32 km) north of the capital where two mountain ranges join from east to west is the only pass into the capital; known as Sacramento Pass, this point is now part of present-day Chihuahua City. The Battle of Sacramento was the most important battle fought in the state of Chihuahua because it was the sole defense for the state capital. The battle ended quickly because of some devastating defensive errors from the Mexican forces and the ingenious strategic moves by the American forces. After their loss at the Battle of Sacramento, the remaining Mexican soldiers retreated south, leaving the city to American occupation. Almost 300 Mexicans were killed in the battle, as well as almost 300 wounded. The Americans also confiscated large amounts of Mexican supplies and took 400 Mexican soldiers prisoners of war. American forces maintained an occupation of the state capital for the rest of the Mexican–American War.", "title": "Chihuahua (state)" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1904, the steamship General Slocum caught fire in the East River, killing 1,021 people on board. In 1911, the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire, the city's worst industrial disaster, took the lives of 146 garment workers and spurred the growth of the International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union and major improvements in factory safety standards.", "title": "New York City" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "HMS \"Cardiff\" was a British Type 42 destroyer and the third ship of the Royal Navy to be named in honour of the Welsh capital city of Cardiff.", "title": "HMS Cardiff (D108)" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Williamsburg was founded in 1632 as Middle Plantation, a fortified settlement on high ground between the James and York rivers. The city served as the capital of the Colony and Commonwealth of Virginia from 1699 to 1780 and was the center of political events in Virginia leading to the American Revolution. The College of William & Mary, established in 1693, is the second - oldest institution of higher education in the United States and the only one of the nine colonial colleges located in the South; its alumni include three U.S. presidents as well as many other important figures in the nation's early history.", "title": "Williamsburg, Virginia" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "New Jersey's 15th Legislative District is one of 40 in the New Jersey Legislature, covering the Hunterdon County municipalities of East Amwell Township, Lambertville City and West Amwell Township; and the Mercer County municipalities of Ewing Township, Hopewell Borough, Hopewell Township, Lawrence Township, Pennington Borough, Trenton City and West Windsor Township.", "title": "15th Legislative District (New Jersey)" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "When the Winter War broke out the Finnish Navy moved to occupy the de-militarized Åland Islands and to protect merchant shipping. In the first month of the war, battles between Soviet ships and Finnish coastal batteries were fought at Hanko, Finland, Utö and Koivisto. At Koivisto and Hanko, the batteries forced Soviet battleships to retire with damage. Finnish efforts to use submarines (\"Vesikko\" and \"Saukko\") to sink Soviet capital ships failed. In December 1939 the ice became so thick that only the ice-breakers could still move. The two coastal defence ships were moved to the harbour in Turku where they were used to strengthen the air-defences of the city. They remained there for the rest of the war.", "title": "Finnish Navy" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Battle of Long Island is also known as the Battle of Brooklyn and the Battle of Brooklyn Heights. It was fought on August 27, 1776 and was the first major battle of the American Revolutionary War to take place after the United States declared its independence on July 4, 1776. It was a victory for the British Army and the beginning of a successful campaign that gave them control of the strategically important city of New York. In terms of troop deployment and fighting, it was the largest battle of the entire war.", "title": "Battle of Long Island" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "When World War II broke out, Pohl enlisted in the United States Navy, which sent him to Hawaii and assigned him to paint ships in dry dock. He was injured when a destroyer caught fire, and the explosion knocked him off the second level of a scaffold. Pohl was medically discharged and reluctantly returned to Cincinnati, where he was hired by the Works Progress Administration to supervise other artists. In that capacity, he painted a portrait of President Franklin D. Roosevelt.", "title": "Louis Pohl" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Following the decline of the Mughal Empire in the early 1700s, Bengal became a semi-independent state under the Nawabs of Bengal, before it was conquered by the British East India Company at the Battle of Plassey in 1757, directly contributing to the Industrial Revolution in Britain and to deindustrialization and famines in Bengal. The Bengali city of Calcutta served as the capital city of British India up until the early 20th century.", "title": "History of Bangladesh" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "David Wooster ( – May 2, 1777) was an American general who served in the French and Indian War and in the American Revolutionary War. He died of wounds sustained during the Battle of Ridgefield, Connecticut. Cities, schools, and public places were named after him. He has been called \"a largely forgotten hero of the Revolution.\"", "title": "David Wooster" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Savannah (/ səˈvænə /) is the oldest city in the U.S. state of Georgia and is the county seat of Chatham County. Established in 1733 on the Savannah River, the city of Savannah became the British colonial capital of the Province of Georgia and later the first state capital of Georgia. A strategic port city in the American Revolution and during the American Civil War, Savannah is today an industrial center and an important Atlantic seaport. It is Georgia's fifth - largest city and third - largest metropolitan area.", "title": "Savannah, Georgia" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "On 30 November the Russian squadron entered the harbor from the northwest in a triangular formation. Nakhimov maneuvered his fleet so that the Ottoman vessels were between the Russian ships and Sinop’s harbor defenses, shielding his own force and exposing the Ottomans to potential friendly fire. Nakhimov spaced his battleships evenly in two lines, covering the entire harbor with interlocking fields of fire. Russian gunners began to score hits on all the Ottoman targets. The shells fired by Russian guns immediately set Ottoman ships on fire. Panic-stricken sailors found firefighting efforts difficult amidst continued fire and almost constant shrapnel. After about 30 minutes of combat the Ottoman frigate was shot full of holes and ran aground when her cable was cut. Imperatritsa Maria then attacked the 44-gun frigate Fazli Allah, which caught fire and grounded. Meanwhile, the other Russian ships engaged the Nizamie and Damiad, which were grounded. The Ottoman frigate Navek Bakhri exploded and sank along with the corvette Guli Sephid.Only one Ottoman vessel, the 12-gun paddle frigate Taif, managed to escape the battle while all the others were either sunk or purposely run ashore to prevent sinking. She fled to Constantinople and arrived on 2 December, informing the Ottoman government of the defeat at Sinop. Once the enemy fleet was destroyed the Russians engaged Ottoman shore batteries and destroyed them. During the fighting 37 Russians were killed and 229 were wounded, at least three of the ships of the line were damaged. Ottoman forces lost about 3,000 men killed, 150 were taken prisoner and their leader Osman Pasha was captured.", "title": "Battle of Sinop" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Many of the crucial events of the American Revolution—the Boston Massacre, the Boston Tea Party, Paul Revere's midnight ride, the battles of Lexington and Concord and Bunker Hill, the Siege of Boston, and many others—occurred in or near Boston. After the Revolution, Boston's long seafaring tradition helped make it one of the world's wealthiest international ports, with rum, fish, salt, and tobacco being particularly important.", "title": "Boston" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The first non-stop transatlantic crossing was made by the British airship R34 in 1919. Regular passenger service resumed in the 1920s and the discovery of helium reserves in the United States promised increased safety, but the U.S. government refused to sell the gas for this purpose. Therefore, H2 was used in the Hindenburg airship, which was destroyed in a midair fire over New Jersey on 6 May 1937. The incident was broadcast live on radio and filmed. Ignition of leaking hydrogen is widely assumed to be the cause, but later investigations pointed to the ignition of the aluminized fabric coating by static electricity. But the damage to hydrogen's reputation as a lifting gas was already done.", "title": "Hydrogen" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 2013 Qingdao oil pipeline explosion occurred on 22 November 2013, when an oil pipeline in Chinese city of Qingdao, Shandong Province, China leaked and caught fire and exploded. The blast killed at least 62 people. At least 9 people were detained by the police.", "title": "2013 Qingdao oil pipeline explosion" } ]

[ { "answer": "New Jersey", "id": 6289, "paragraph_support_idx": 18, "question": "What city was the ship over when it caught fire?", "raw_question": "What city was the ship over when it caught fire?", "statement": "The ship was over Lakehurst, New Jersey when it caught fire." }, { "answer": "Trenton", "id": 686928, "paragraph_support_idx": 9, "question": "New Jersey >> capital", "raw_question": "#1 >> capital", "statement": "This question seems to be a mismatch, as the Hindenburg airship caught fire in 1937, and the American Revolution took place in the late 18th century. The question appears to be combining two unrelated events." }, { "answer": "significantly boosted the Continental Army's flagging morale, and inspired re-enlistments", "id": 51733, "paragraph_support_idx": 4, "question": "why was the battle of Trenton important to the american revolution", "raw_question": "why was the battle of #2 important to the american revolution", "statement": "The battle of Trenton significantly boosted the Continental Army's flagging morale, and inspired re-enlistments." } ]

[ "Continental Army" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Julia Mendes (born Prozeski, adopted von Anstetten and formerly Sander) is a fictional character from the German soap opera \"Verbotene Liebe (Forbidden Love)\", played by Valerie Niehaus. She is introduced in the series' premiere on January 2, 1995. She departed from the series in July 1997, when Niehaus decided to pursue other roles. The role was surprisingly recast with well-known actress Nina Bott in 2011; reinstating the Brandner family and the original story of the show. Bott appeared for the first time on-screen on June 23, 2011. She eventually finished shooting her story arc in October 2011 and last appeared on January 18, 2012. The character is known as the first protagonist of the show and her main story focuses around the incestuous love to her twin-brother Jan Brandner.", "title": "Julia Mendes" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Zosia March Holby City character Camilla Arfwedson as Zosia March First appearance ``The Kick Inside ''10 September 2013 Last appearance`` The Prisoner'' 2 January 2018 Portrayed by Camilla Arfwedson Information Occupation Specialist registrar, neurosurgery (prev. F1, F2, CT1, CT2) Family Guy Self (father) Anya Self (mother) Spouse (s) Oliver Valentine (2017 --) Relatives Valerie Sturgeon (grandmother)", "title": "Zosia March" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Kim Zolciak - Biermann Zolciak (left) at Carrier Annex, November 2009. Kimberleigh Marie Zolciak (1978 - 05 - 19) May 19, 1978 (age 40) Pensacola, Florida, U.S. Residence Johns Creek, Georgia, U.S. Other names Kim Zolciak Occupation Television personality, singer Years active 2008 -- present Home town Windsor Locks, Connecticut Television The Real Housewives of Atlanta Do n't Be Tardy... Spouse (s) Daniel Toce (m. 2001 -- 2003) Kroy Biermann (m. 2011) Children 6 Website www.kimzolciak.com", "title": "Kim Zolciak-Biermann" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``The Unknown Comic ''is the stage name adopted by Canadian actor and stand - up comic Murray Langston (born June 27, 1945, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, Canada), best known for his comic performances on The Gong Show, in which he usually appeared with a paper bag over his head. As of 2015, Langston was making his residence in Bathurst, New Brunswick, Canada.", "title": "The Unknown Comic" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ralph Macchio Macchio at the 2016 Phoenix Comicon Ralph George Macchio Jr. (1961 - 11 - 04) November 4, 1961 (age 56) Huntington, New York, U.S. Residence Southern California Occupation Actor Years active 1980 -- present Spouse (s) Phyllis Fierro (m. 1987) Children Julia, Daniel", "title": "Ralph Macchio" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Esmé Valerie Eliot (née Fletcher; 17 August 19269 November 2012) was the second wife and later widow of the Nobel prize-winning poet, T. S. Eliot. She was a major stockholder in the publishing firm of Faber and Faber Limited and the editor and annotator of a number of books dealing with her late husband's writings.", "title": "Valerie Eliot" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mayberry, North Carolina is a fictitious community that was the setting for two popular American television sitcoms, The Andy Griffith Show and Mayberry R.F.D. Mayberry was also the setting for a 1986 reunion television movie titled Return to Mayberry. Mayberry is said to be based on Andy Griffith's hometown of Mount Airy, North Carolina. Mount Airy is also known as Mayberry and this town is known by both names to the people who reside there.", "title": "Mayberry" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Anna DiMera Days of our Lives character Portrayed by Leann Hunley Duration 1982 -- 86 2007 -- 10 2017 -- First appearance July 30, 1982 (1982 - July - 30) Created by Margaret DePriest Sheri Anderson Introduced by Betty Corday and Al Rabin (1982) Ken Corday and Edward J. Scott (2007) Classification Present, recurring Profile Other names Anna Fredericks Anna Brady Contessa DiMera Occupation Executive for DiMera Advertising Executive for Lumberg Advertising Owner of Anna DiMera Designs Personal Secretary to Tony DiMera Residence The Tropics (show) Family Family DiMera Brady Brothers Brett Fredericks Spouse Roman Brady (197? -- 82) Tony DiMera (1983 -- 84, 1985, 2008 -- 09) Andre DiMera (1985) Daughters Carrie Brady Grandsons Noah Reed", "title": "Anna DiMera" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Alexander Eliot (April 28, 1919 – April 23, 2015) was an American writer born in Cambridge, Massachusetts, best known for his works on spirituality and myth. He is the son of Samuel Atkins Eliot, Jr., the grandson of Samuel Atkins Eliot, and the great-grandson of Charles W. Eliot, president of Harvard for fifty years. Eliot was the art editor of \"Time\" magazine from 1945 to 1960. His many books include \"“The Universal Myths: Heroes, Gods, Tricksters, and Other”\", \"“The Global Myths: Exploring Primitive, Pagan, Sacred, and Scientific Mythologies”\", and \"“The Timeless Myths: How Ancient Legends Influence the Modern World”\".", "title": "Alexander Eliot" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "George Pataki 53rd Governor of New York In office January 1, 1995 -- December 31, 2006 Lieutenant Betsy McCaughey Mary Donohue Preceded by Mario Cuomo Succeeded by Eliot Spitzer Member of the New York Senate from the 37th district In office January 1, 1993 -- December 31, 1994 Preceded by Mary B. Goodhue Succeeded by Vincent Leibell Member of the New York State Assembly from the 91st district In office January 1, 1985 -- December 31, 1992 Preceded by William J. Ryan Succeeded by Vincent Leibell Mayor of Peekskill In office January 1, 1981 -- December 31, 1984 Preceded by Fred Bianco Succeeded by Richard E. Jackson Personal details George Elmer Pataki (1945 - 06 - 24) June 24, 1945 (age 73) Peekskill, New York, U.S. Political party Republican Spouse (s) Libby Rowland (m. 1973) Children 4, including Allison Pataki Residence Garrison, New York Alma mater Yale University (B.A.) Columbia Law School (J.D.) Signature Website Official website", "title": "George Pataki" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Well - known Missourians include U.S. President Harry S. Truman, Mark Twain, Walt Disney, Chuck Berry and Nelly. Some of the largest companies based in the state include Cerner, Express Scripts, Monsanto, Emerson Electric, Edward Jones, H&R Block, Wells Fargo Advisors and O'Reilly Auto Parts. Missouri has been called the ``Mother of the West ''and the`` Cave State''; however, Missouri's most famous nickname is the ``Show Me State '', as Missourians are known for being skeptical.", "title": "Missouri" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Valerie Grant Vanessa Williams as Valerie Grant Days of Our Lives character Portrayed by Tina Andrews (1975 -- 77) Rose Fonseca (1977 -- 78) Diane Sommerfield (1981 -- 82) Vanessa A. Williams (2016 --) Duration 1975 -- 78 1981 -- 82 2016 -- First appearance October 27, 1975 (1975 - 10 - 27) Created by Pat Falken Smith Introduced by Betty Corday (1975) Betty Corday and Al Rabin (1981) Ken Corday, Albert Alarr and Greg Meng (2016) Classification Present; regular Profile Occupation Cardiologist Residence Salem, Illinois (show) Family Parents Paul Grant Helen Grant Brothers Danny Grant Sons Eli Grant", "title": "Valerie Grant" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Fitzwilliam Darcy Mr. Darcy and Elizabeth Bennet by C.E. Brock (1895) She is tolerable, but not handsome enough to tempt me. Full name Mr. Fitzwilliam Darcy Gender Male Age 28 Income £10,000 + / year (equivalent to £600,000 in 2016) Primary residence Pemberley, near Lambton, Derbyshire Family Spouse (s) Elizabeth Bennet Romantic interest (s) Elizabeth Bennet Parents Mr. Darcy and Lady Anne Darcy (née Fitzwilliam) Sibling (s) Georgiana Darcy", "title": "Mr. Darcy" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Blanche of Anjou (1280 – 14 October 1310) was Queen of Aragon as the second spouse of King James II. She was a member of the Capetian House of Anjou, she is also known as \"Blanche of Naples\". She served as Regent or \"Queen-Lieutenant\" of Aragon during the absence of her spouse in 1310.", "title": "Blanche of Anjou" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock '', commonly known as`` Prufrock'', is the first professionally published poem by American - born, British poet T.S. Eliot (1888 -- 1965). Eliot began writing ``Prufrock ''in February 1910, and it was first published in the June 1915 issue of Poetry: A Magazine of Verse at the instigation of Ezra Pound (1885 -- 1972). It was later printed as part of a twelve - poem pamphlet (or chapbook) titled Prufrock and Other Observations in 1917. At the time of its publication, Prufrock was considered outlandish, but is now seen as heralding a paradigmatic cultural shift from late 19th - century Romantic verse and Georgian lyrics to Modernism.", "title": "The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Catherine Wilkening (born July 16, 1963 in Dijon) is a French film and television actress. She is best known for her performance as Mireille, the Mary Magdalene figure in Denys Arcand's 1989 film \"Jesus of Montreal\", and her lead role in the French police drama television series \"Marc Eliot\".", "title": "Catherine Wilkening" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Julie Deborah Kavner (born September 7, 1950) is an American actress, voice actress and comedian. She first attracted notice for her role as Valerie Harper's character's younger sister Brenda in the sitcom Rhoda for which she won a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series. She is best known for her voice role as Marge Simpson on the animated television series The Simpsons. She also voices other characters for the show, including Jacqueline Bouvier, and Patty and Selma Bouvier.", "title": "Julie Kavner" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The T. S. Eliot Prize for Poetry is awarded annually by Truman State University, which is a United States university located in Missouri. First awarded in 1997, the prize is given \"for the best unpublished book-length collection of poetry in English, in honor of native Missourian T. S. Eliot’s considerable intellectual and artistic legacy\". Eliot won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1948. The prize includes publication of the collection as well as a purse of $2000. Poets submit their unpublished collections to Truman State University Press for each year's competition. A well-known poet is chosen each year to judge the collections, and to select the winner and several finalists.", "title": "T. S. Eliot Prize (Truman State University)" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Jeff Kimball House is a historic residence in the village of Mechanicsburg, Ohio, United States. Once home to one of the village's leading residents, it has been named a historic site.", "title": "Jeff Kimball House" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Archduchess Marie Valerie of Austria (22 April 1868 – 6 September 1924) was the third daughter and fourth and last child of Franz Joseph I of Austria and Elisabeth of Bavaria. Her given name was Marie Valerie Mathilde Amalie, but she was usually called Valerie.", "title": "Archduchess Marie Valerie of Austria" } ]

[ { "answer": "T. S. Eliot", "id": 157468, "paragraph_support_idx": 5, "question": "What is Valerie Eliot's spouse's name?", "raw_question": "What is Valerie Eliot's spouse's name?", "statement": "T. S. Eliot lived in the state known as the Show Me state." }, { "answer": "Missouri", "id": 500985, "paragraph_support_idx": 17, "question": "T. S. Eliot >> residence", "raw_question": "#1 >> residence", "statement": "T.S. Eliot, Valerie Eliot's spouse, lived in Missouri." }, { "answer": "Missourians are known for being skeptical.", "id": 63942, "paragraph_support_idx": 10, "question": "Missouri is known as the show me state", "raw_question": "#2 is known as the show me state", "statement": "Missourians are known for being skeptical." } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "1972: The first McDonald's in France opens, in Créteil, even though the company officially recognizes the first outlet in Strasbourg in 1979.", "title": "History of McDonald's" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Cotton Comes to Harlem is an action film co-written and directed in 1970 by Ossie Davis and starring Godfrey Cambridge, Raymond St. Jacques, and Redd Foxx. The film is based on Chester Himes' novel of the same name. The opening theme, \"Ain't Now But It's Gonna Be\" was written by Ossie Davis and performed by Melba Moore. It was followed two years later by the sequel \"Come Back, Charleston Blue\".", "title": "Cotton Comes to Harlem" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Valhalla is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) located within the town of Mount Pleasant, in Westchester County, New York, United States, in the New York City metropolitan area. Its population was 3,162 at the 2010 U.S. Census. The name of the community was inspired by a fan of the opera composer Richard Wagner, and the hamlet is known both for its location as the home of the primary hospital campus of Westchester Medical Center and New York Medical College, as well as the burial place of numerous noted people. The name comes from \"Valhalla\", a heavenly abode in Norse mythology.", "title": "Valhalla, New York" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Ice skating was brought to Britain from the Netherlands, where James II was briefly exiled in the 17th century. When he returned to England, this 'new' sport was introduced to the British aristocracy, and was soon enjoyed by people from all walks of life.", "title": "Ice skating" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "This vibrant and culturally diverse area of retail businesses and residences experienced a renewal after a significant decline in the late 1960s and 1970s.[citation needed] After decades of neglect and suburban flight, the neighborhood revival followed the re-opening of the Tower Theatre in the late 1970s, which at that time showed second and third run movies, along with classic films. Roger Rocka's Dinner Theater & Good Company Players also opened nearby in 1978,[citation needed] at Olive and Wishon Avenues. Fresno native Audra McDonald performed in the leading roles of Evita and The Wiz at the theater while she was a high school student. McDonald subsequently became a leading performer on Broadway in New York City and a Tony award winning actress. Also in the Tower District is Good Company Players' 2nd Space Theatre.", "title": "Fresno, California" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Believing the McDonald's formula was a ticket to success, Kroc suggested they franchise their restaurants throughout the country. The brothers were skeptical, however, that the self - service approach could succeed in colder, rainier climates; furthermore, their thriving business in San Bernardino, and franchises already operating or planned, made them reluctant to risk a national venture. Kroc offered to take the major responsibility for setting up the new franchises elsewhere. He returned to his home outside of Chicago with rights to set up McDonald's restaurants throughout the country, except in a handful of territories in California and Arizona already licensed by the McDonald brothers. The brothers were to receive one - half of one percent of gross sales. Kroc's first McDonald's restaurant opened on April 15, 1955, at 400 North Lee Street in Des Plaines, Illinois, near Chicago. The Des Plaines interior and exterior was painted by master painter Eugene Wright, who owned Wright's Decorating Service. Eugene was asked to come up with a color scheme and he chose yellow and white, with dark brown and red being secondary trim colors. Those colors would go on to become the colors of all McDonald's franchises. (Recognizing its historic and nostalgic value, in 1990 the McDonald's Corporation acquired the stand and rehabilitated it to a modern but nearly original condition, and then built an adjacent museum and gift shop to commemorate the site.)", "title": "History of McDonald's" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Lombardi's is a pizzeria located at 32 Spring Street on the corner of Mott Street in the Nolita neighborhood in the borough of Manhattan, New York City. Opened in 1905, it has been acknowledged by the Pizza Hall of Fame as the first pizzeria in the United States.", "title": "Lombardi's Pizza" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Many Italian - Americans observe Columbus Day as a celebration of their heritage, and the first such celebration was held in New York City on October 12, 1866. The day was first enshrined as a legal holiday in the United States through the lobbying of Angelo Noce, a first generation Italian, in Denver. The first statewide holiday was proclaimed by Colorado governor Jesse F. McDonald in 1905, and it was made a statutory holiday in 1907. In April 1934, as a result of lobbying by the Knights of Columbus and New York City Italian leader Generoso Pope, Congress and President Franklin Delano Roosevelt proclaimed October 12 a federal holiday under the name Columbus Day.", "title": "Columbus Day" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "1971: The first Australian McDonald's opens in the Sydney suburb of Yagoona in December. The restaurant becomes known locally as ``Maccas ''.", "title": "History of McDonald's" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Chad Everett Dukes (born December 29, 1971 in Albany, New York) is a former American football running back in the National Football League for the Washington Redskins (1998–2000), San Diego Chargers (1998), St. Louis Rams (2000) and the Jacksonville Jaguars (2000) and played four games total in his NFL career (two for Jaguars, two for Skins). He played college football at the University of Pittsburgh. Dukes played on the Albany Firebirds (1998–1999) before his NFL career, the Colorado Crush (2004), the Manchester Wolves (2002–2003) and the Philadelphia Soul after his NFL career in the Arena Football League. Dukes won AFL Ironman of the year in 1998 when he was with the Firebirds. In 2004, he was a part of the 2004 Crush ArenaBowl XIX Championship team. In 2002, Dukes was named the defensive af2 Tough Man of the Year while playing for the Manchester Wolves in 2002.", "title": "Chad Dukes (American football)" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Charles Stuart, Duke of Kendal (4 July 1666 – 22 May 1667) was the third son of James, Duke of York (later James II of England) and his first wife Anne Hyde.", "title": "Charles Stuart, Duke of Kendal" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "On the outbreak of the Second World War in September 1939, the Duke and Duchess were brought back to Britain by Louis Mountbatten on board HMS Kelly, and Edward, although an honorary field marshal, was made a major - general attached to the British Military Mission in France. In February 1940, the German ambassador in The Hague, Count Julius von Zech - Burkersroda, claimed that the Duke had leaked the Allied war plans for the defence of Belgium, which the Duke later denied. When Germany invaded the north of France in May 1940, the Windsors fled south, first to Biarritz, then in June to Spain. In July the pair moved to Portugal, where they lived at first in the home of Ricardo Espírito Santo, a Portuguese banker with both British and German contacts. Under the code name Operation Willi, Nazi agents, principally Walter Schellenberg, plotted unsuccessfully to persuade the Duke to leave Portugal and return to Spain, kidnapping him if necessary. Lord Caldecote wrote a warning to Winston Churchill: ``(the Duke) is well - known to be pro-Nazi and he may become a centre of intrigue. ''Churchill threatened the Duke with a court - martial if he did not return to British soil.", "title": "Edward VIII" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "1974: On November 13, the first McDonald's in the United Kingdom opens in Woolwich, southeast London. It is the company's 3000th restaurant.", "title": "History of McDonald's" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Lancelot crashes a performance of the Camelot musical, starring Hugh Jackman and Alice Eve as King Arthur and Queen Guinevere, but Larry and the others chase him to the theatre roof, where the New York exhibits begin to die. Lancelot then sees that the quest was about them and gives the tablet back. The moonlight restores the tablet's power, saving the exhibits. They decide that Ahkmenrah and the tablet should stay with his parents, even if it means the New York exhibits will no longer come to life. Back in New York, Larry spends some final moments with his friends before sunrise.", "title": "Night at the Museum: Secret of the Tomb" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``The Ballad of Jed Clampett ''was the theme song for The Beverly Hillbillies TV show and movie, providing the back story for the series. The song was written and composed by Paul Henning, and recorded by bluegrass musicians Lester Flatt and Earl Scruggs, with Lester Flatt on vocals. The song was sung by Jerry Scoggins for the opening of the series. The single version, released to radio and retail sale, merged both the opening and closing lyrics of the theme song from the television series. The first two verses (starting with`` Come and listen to a story about a man named Jed'' and ``Well the first thing you know, old Jed's a millionaire '') comprised the opening theme, while the closing theme (`` Now it's time to say goodbye to Jed and all his kin...'') served as the third verse. A banjo - led bridge serves as the fill between verses and as the fade - out coda.", "title": "The Ballad of Jed Clampett" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "McDonald's is an American fast food company, founded in 1940 as a restaurant operated by Richard and Maurice McDonald, in San Bernardino, California, United States. They rechristened their business as a hamburger stand. The first time a McDonald's franchise used the Golden Arches logo was in 1953 at a location in Phoenix, Arizona. In 1955, Ray Kroc, a businessman, joined the company as a franchise agent and proceeded to purchase the chain from the McDonald brothers. McDonald's had its original headquarters in Oak Brook, Illinois, but moved its global headquarters to Chicago in early 2018.", "title": "McDonald's" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In late 1953, with only a rendering of Meston's design in hand, the brothers began seeking franchisees. Their first franchisee was Neil Fox, a distributor for General Petroleum Corporation. Fox's stand, the first with Meston's golden arches design, opened in May 1953 at 4050 North Central Avenue at Indian School Road in Phoenix, Arizona. Their second franchisee was the team of Fox's brother - in - law Roger Williams and Burdette ``Bud ''Landon, both of whom also worked for General Petroleum. Williams and Landon opened their stand on 18 August 1953 at 10207 Lakewood Boulevard in Downey, California. The Downey stand has the distinction of being the oldest surviving McDonald's restaurant. The Downey stand was never required to comply with the McDonald's Corporation's remodeling and updating requests over the years because it was franchised not by the McDonald's Corporation, but by the McDonald brothers themselves to Williams and Landon.", "title": "History of McDonald's" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The company was founded by Chicago - born George Cohon. The first store opened in 1967 as the Western Canadian franchisee and operated with the U.S. operations. Cohon was the Eastern Canadian franchise and opened his store in 1968 on Oxford Street West in London, Ontario. In 1971, Cohon merged the two operations to one national operation. Cohon was responsible for developing the eastern Canadian franchises. The first McDonald's restaurant in Canada was opened in 1967 in Richmond, British Columbia, by western franchise owners. It was also the first McDonald's restaurant outside of the United States. As of 2014, McDonald's Canada had 1,400 stores (including Walmart Canada locations) in Canada, and more than 85,000 Canadian employees.", "title": "McDonald's Canada" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "In 1664, Peter Stuyvesant, the Director-General of the colony of New Netherland, surrendered New Amsterdam to the English without bloodshed. The English promptly renamed the fledgling city \"New York\" after the Duke of York (later King James II).", "title": "New York City" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1845, William Welch Deloitte opened an office in London, United Kingdom. Deloitte was the first person to be appointed an independent auditor of a public company, namely the Great Western Railway. He went on to open an office in New York in 1880.", "title": "Deloitte" } ]

[ { "answer": "James II", "id": 1707, "paragraph_support_idx": 18, "question": "What was the regnal name of the Duke of York?", "raw_question": "What was the regnal name of the Duke of York?", "statement": "James II became king." }, { "answer": "England", "id": 158293, "paragraph_support_idx": 3, "question": "What location did James II come back to?", "raw_question": "What location did #1 come back to?", "statement": "James II came back to England." }, { "answer": "1974", "id": 54023, "paragraph_support_idx": 12, "question": "when did the first mcdonald's open in England", "raw_question": "when did the first mcdonald's open in #2", "statement": "The first McDonald's opened in England in 1974." } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The continent's cultural and ethnic outlook has its origin with the interaction of indigenous peoples with European conquerors and immigrants and, more locally, with African slaves. Given a long history of colonialism, the overwhelming majority of South Americans speak Portuguese or Spanish, and societies and states commonly reflect Western traditions.", "title": "South America" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Rank Name Nation Score Event Yuzuru Hanyu Japan 330.43 2015 -- 16 Grand Prix Final Yuzuru Hanyu Japan 322.40 2015 NHK Trophy Yuzuru Hanyu Japan 321.59 2017 World Championships Shoma Uno Japan 319.84 2017 CS Lombardia Trophy 5 Shoma Uno Japan 319.31 2017 World Championships 6 Javier Fernández Spain 314.93 2016 World Championships 7 Nathan Chen United States 307.46 2017 Four Continents 8 Yuzuru Hanyu Japan 303.71 2017 Four Continents 9 Jin Boyang China 303.58 2017 World Championships 10 Javier Fernández Spain 302.77 2016 European Championships 11 Shoma Uno Japan 302.02 2017 World Team Trophy 12 Yuzuru Hanyu Japan 301.47 2016 NHK Trophy 13 Javier Fernández Spain 301.19 2017 World Championships 14 Shoma Uno Japan 301.10 2017 Skate Canada 15 Patrick Chan Canada 295.27 2013 Trophée Éric Bompard 16 Yuzuru Hanyu Japan 295.17 2016 World Championships 17 Patrick Chan Canada 295.16 2017 World Championships 18 Javier Fernández Spain 294.84 2017 European Championships 19 Yuzuru Hanyu Japan 293.90 2016 -- 17 Grand Prix Final 20 Nathan Chen United States 293.79 2017 Rostelecom Cup 21 Yuzuru Hanyu Japan 293.25 2013 -- 14 Grand Prix Final", "title": "List of highest scores in figure skating" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Argentina had been eliminated at the group stage at Korea / Japan 2002 FIFA World Cup, although they had been among the pre-tournament favorites. There was a high expectation of a better performance in the 2006 World Cup in Germany. Argentina qualified for the knockout stages with wins over the Ivory Coast (2 -- 1) and Serbia and Montenegro (6 -- 0), and a 0 -- 0 draw with the Netherlands.", "title": "History of the Argentina national football team" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Brazil is the largest country in South America, encompassing around half of the continent's land area and population. The remaining countries and territories are divided among three regions: The Andean States, the Guianas and the Southern Cone.", "title": "South America" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In the final, Germany defeated Argentina 1 -- 0 to win the tournament and secure the country's fourth world title, the first after the German reunification in 1990, when as West Germany they also beat Argentina in the World Cup final. Germany became the first European team to win a World Cup staged in the Americas, and this result marked the first time that nations from the same continent won three consecutive tournaments (following Italy in 2006 and Spain in 2010).", "title": "2014 FIFA World Cup" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Trabelsi made his international debut in May 1998, shortly before the 1998 World Cup. He also played in all of Tunisia's matches in the 2002 FIFA World Cup and 2006 FIFA World Cups, as well as the 2004 African Nations Cup, which Tunisia won. Following Tunisia's elimination from the 2006 World Cup after a 1–0 defeat to Ukraine, Trabelsi announced his retirement from international football at the age of 29, with 61 caps and one goal. He scored his only goal for the national team in 2006 in a friendly match against Ghana.", "title": "Hatem Trabelsi" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 2002 FIFA World Cup Final was a football match that took place on 30 June 2002 at the International Stadium in Yokohama to determine the winner of the 2002 FIFA World Cup. The final was contested by Germany and Brazil. It was the first World Cup meeting between the two sides. Brazil won the match 2–0, winning a record fifth title. Ronaldo, who became the record World Cup goalscorer at the 2006 tournament, scored two of his fifteen World Cup goals in the second half of the match, leading Brazil to the title and winning the Golden Boot award. It also marked Brazilian captain Cafu's third consecutive appearance in a World Cup Final, a feat that has yet to be accomplished by any other player in the history of the tournament. Both teams had won their respective groups before advancing to the knockout stage, where Germany shut out all of their opponents to reach the final, while Brazil only allowed a single goal from England. Germany overcame United States and co-host South Korea, while Brazil knocked out England and Turkey.", "title": "2002 FIFA World Cup Final" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mexico has qualified to sixteen World Cups and has qualified consecutively since 1994, making it one of six countries to do so. The Mexico national team, along with Brazil are the only two nations to make it out of the group stage over the last seven World Cups. Along with Germany, Brazil, Italy, Argentina, France, Spain and Uruguay, Mexico is one of eight nations to have won two of the three most important football tournaments (the World Cup, Confederations Cup, and Summer Olympics), having won the 1999 FIFA Confederations Cup and the 2012 Summer Olympics.", "title": "Mexico national football team" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "2002 FIFA World Cup 2002 FIFA 월드컵한국 / 일본 2002 FIFA Woldeu Keob Hanguk / Ilbon 2002 FIFA ワールドカップ韓国 / 日本 2002 FIFA Waarudo Kappu Kankoku / Nihon 2002 FIFA World Cup official logo Tournament details Host countries South Korea Japan Dates 31 May -- 30 June Teams 32 (from 5 confederations) Venue (s) 20 (in 20 host cities) Final positions Champions Brazil (5th title) Runners - up Germany Third place Turkey Fourth place South Korea Tournament statistics Matches played 64 Goals scored 161 (2.52 per match) Attendance 2,705,197 (42,269 per match) Top scorer (s) Ronaldo (8 goals) Best player Oliver Kahn Best young player Landon Donovan Best goalkeeper Oliver Kahn Fair play award Belgium ← 1998 2006 →", "title": "2002 FIFA World Cup" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 2022 FIFA World Cup is scheduled to be the 22nd edition of the FIFA World Cup, the quadrennial international men's football championship contested by the national teams of the member associations of FIFA. It is scheduled to take place in Qatar in 2022. This will be the first World Cup held in Asia since the 2002 tournament in South Korea and Japan. This will also be the first World Cup ever to be held in the Middle East, and in an Arab and a Muslim - majority country. This tournament will be the last to involve 32 teams, with an increase to 48 teams scheduled from the 2026 tournament.", "title": "2022 FIFA World Cup" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Africa is the world's second - largest and second-most - populous continent (the first being Asia). At about 30.3 million km (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of Earth's total surface area and 20.4% of its total land area. With 1.2 billion people as of 2016, it accounts for about 16% of the world's human population. The continent is surrounded by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, both the Suez Canal and the Red Sea along the Sinai Peninsula to the northeast, the Indian Ocean to the southeast and the Atlantic Ocean to the west. The continent includes Madagascar and various archipelagos. It contains 54 fully recognised sovereign states (countries), nine territories and two de facto independent states with limited or no recognition.", "title": "Africa" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Uruguay have won four FIFA - organized World Football Championships. They won the first World Championship organized by FIFA under the Olympic Committee umbrella with true representation from all continents; before then, football in the Olympics comprised only European teams). Uruguay then won the next two World Championships (Jules Rimet Trophy) in which they participated; these tournaments, the 1930 and 1950 FIFA World Cups, were fully independent from the Olympics and employed clear rules distinguishing professional and amateur football players. Since 1924 marked the beginning of true international football competition, organized by FIFA, FIFA recognizes Uruguay as four - time world champions and allows the team to wear four stars on their uniforms during official international football competitions. (Before 1974, the FIFA World Cup was referred to as the Football World Championship, and the nine champions from 1930 to 1970 received replicas of the Jules Rimet Trophy. Uruguay hosted and won the first FIFA World Cup in 1930, beating Argentina 4 -- 2 in the final. They won their fourth and last title in 1950, upsetting host Brazil 2 -- 1 in the final match. The team have qualified for twelve World Cups, reaching the second round in all but three, the semifinals five times, and the finals twice. They also won the gold medal in Olympic football twice, in 1924 and 1928, before the creation of the World Cup. Uruguay won the 1980 Mundialito, a tournament comprising former World Cup champions hosted in Uruguay to celebrate the 50th anniversary of the first World Championship. Uruguay is one of the most successful teams in the world, having won 19 FIFA official titles: 2 World Championships, 2 Olympic Games, and 15 Copa América championships.", "title": "Uruguay at the FIFA World Cup" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The hosts for both World Cups were announced by the FIFA Executive Committee on 2 December 2010. Russia was selected to host the 2018 FIFA World Cup, making it the first time that the World Cup will be hosted in Eastern Europe and making it the biggest country geographically to host the World Cup. Qatar was selected to host the 2022 FIFA World Cup, making it the first time a World Cup will be held in the Arab World and the second time in Asia since the 2002 tournament in South Korea and Japan. Also, the decision made it the smallest country geographically to host the World Cup.", "title": "FIFA World Cup hosts" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Japan (Japanese: 日本; Nippon (ɲippoɴ) or Nihon (ɲihoɴ); formally 日本国 Nippon - koku or Nihon - koku, lit. ``State of Japan '') is a sovereign island country in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies off the eastern coast of the Asian mainland and stretches from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and China in the southwest. Coordinates: 35 ° N 136 ° E  /  35 ° N 136 ° E  / 35; 136 The kanji that make up Japan's name mean`` sun origin'', and it is often called the ``Land of the Rising Sun ''. Japan is a stratovolcanic archipelago consisting of about 6,852 islands. The four largest are Honshu, Hokkaido, Kyushu, and Shikoku, which make up about ninety - seven percent of Japan's land area and often are referred to as home islands. The country is divided into 47 prefectures in eight regions, with Hokkaido being the northernmost prefecture and Okinawa being the southernmost one. The population of 127 million is the world's tenth largest. Japanese people make up 98.5% of Japan's total population. About 9.1 million people live in Tokyo, the capital of Japan.", "title": "Japan" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Kristin Størmer Steira (born 30 April 1981) is a retired Norwegian cross-country skier. She competed from 2002 to 2015, and won six individual World Cup victories and five individual medals at the FIS Nordic World Ski Championships and Winter Olympic Games. She also won four gold medals with the Norway relay team. In Norwegian media, Steira was dubbed \"the eternal fourth\" due to her many finishes in fourth place.", "title": "Kristin Størmer Steira" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "South Korea and Japan were selected as hosts by FIFA on 31 May 1996. Initially, South Korea, Japan and Mexico presented three rival bids. However, the two Asian countries agreed to unite their bids shortly before the decision was made, and they were chosen unanimously in preference to Mexico. This was the first (and so far the only) World Cup to be hosted by two countries. The 2002 World Cup was the tournament's 17th staging. It was also the first World Cup held in Asia, and the last in which the golden goal rule was utilized. South Korea and Japan, the co-hosts, qualified automatically, leaving 2.5 spots open for competition between 40 teams. Myanmar withdrew from the tournament after being placed in Group 2 but before any matches had been played, therefore reducing the group to three teams. Afghanistan, Bhutan, North Korea and Timor - Leste did not participate in the qualification process. Asia's two remaining automatic qualifying berths were taken by Saudi Arabia and China PR. Iran failed to become a third Asian representative in the World Cup after losing their AFC / UEFA playoff against the Republic of Ireland.", "title": "Asian nations at the FIFA World Cup" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Africa is the world's second largest and second most - populous continent (behind Asia in both categories). At about 30.3 million km (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of Earth's total surface area and 20% of its land area. With 1.2 billion people as of 2016, it accounts for about 16% of the world's human population. The continent is surrounded by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, the Isthmus of Suez and the Red Sea to the northeast, the Indian Ocean to the southeast and the Atlantic Ocean to the west. The continent includes Madagascar and various archipelagos. It contains 54 fully recognised sovereign states (countries), nine territories and two de facto independent states with limited or no recognition. The majority of the continent and its countries are in the Northern Hemisphere, with a substantial portion and number of countries in the Southern Hemisphere.", "title": "Africa" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In June 1999, when Ando was 16 years old, she was elected Japan national team for 1999 FIFA Women's World Cup. At this competition, on June 26, she debuted against Norway. She played World Cup 4 times and Summer Olympics 3 times. She was a member of Japan, defeated the United States in a penalty shootout in the finals to win the 2011 World Cup. She was also part of the Japanese team which won the silver medal at the 2012 Summer Olympics and 2nd position at 2015 World Cup. At 2015 World Cup, first match against Switzerland, she got penalty kick, but she fractured her left ankle at the moment. This match became her last match at Japan national team. She played 126 games and scored 19 goals for Japan until 2015.", "title": "Kozue Ando" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Brazil (Portuguese: Brasil Portuguese pronunciation: (bɾaˈziw)), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: República Federativa do Brasil, listen (help info)), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. At 8.5 million square kilometers (3.2 million square miles) and with over 208 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth - largest country by area and the sixth most populous. The capital is Brasília, and the most populated city is São Paulo. The federation is composed of the union of the 26 states, the Federal District, and the 5,570 municipalities. It is the largest country to have Portuguese as an official language and the only one in the Americas; it is also one of the most multicultural and ethnically diverse nations, due to over a century of mass immigration from around the world.", "title": "Brazil" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 2002 FIFA World Cup was the 17th staging of the FIFA World Cup which took place from 31 May to 30 June 2002 in South Korea and Japan. This world cup set a number of precedents. It was the first World Cup to be held in Asia. No previous World Cup was held on a continent other than Europe or the Americas. It was also the first World Cup to be jointly hosted by more than one nation. Finally, this was the last event to use the golden goal rule. Brazil won the tournament for a record fifth time, winning the final against Germany 2 -- 0. The victory meant Brazil qualified for the 2005 FIFA Confederations Cup for the fifth time, representing the World. In the third place play - off match against South Korea, Turkey won 3 -- 2 taking third place in only their second ever FIFA World Cup finals. China PR, Ecuador, Senegal and Slovenia made their first appearances at the finals.", "title": "2002 FIFA World Cup" } ]

[ { "answer": "Brazil (", "id": 75408, "paragraph_support_idx": 8, "question": "who won the 2002 world cup in japan", "raw_question": "who won the 2002 world cup in japan", "statement": "Brazil won the 2002 World Cup in Japan." }, { "answer": "South America", "id": 46321, "paragraph_support_idx": 18, "question": "Brazil ( is the largest country on which continent", "raw_question": "#1 is the largest country on which continent", "statement": "Brazil is the largest country on the South American continent." }, { "answer": "European conquerors", "id": 81955, "paragraph_support_idx": 0, "question": "who explored the main land of South America", "raw_question": "who explored the main land of #2", "statement": "European conquerors explored the mainland of South America." } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Wicked City () is a 1992 science fiction film directed by Peter Mak and produced by Tsui Hark. It is a live-action film adaptation of the Japanese anime of the same name, which in turn is based on the novel by Hideyuki Kikuchi. The film stars Jacky Cheung, Leon Lai, Yuen Woo-ping, Roy Cheung, Tatsuya Nakadai, Michelle Reis, and Carman Lee. (Michelle Reis said that Tsui Hark actually directed many scenes himself. ) It tells fictional story of conflicts and relationship between demon-like creatures and humans in 1990s' Hong Kong. The film was one of the most popular Tsui Hark production in USA and Europe, and still plays in festivals and midnight screenings around the USA and Europe.", "title": "The Wicked City (1992 film)" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Peter Appleyard, (26 August 1928 – 17 July 2013) was a British–Canadian jazz vibraphonist, percussionist, and composer. He spent most of his life living and performing in the city of Toronto where for many years he was a popular performer in the city's nightclubs and hotels. He also played and recorded with many of the city's orchestras and been featured on Canadian television and radio programs. In the early 1970s he drew wide acclaim for his performances with Benny Goodman's jazz sextet with which he toured internationally. In 1992, he was made an Officer of the Order of Canada in recognition of his being an \"internationally renowned vibraphonist [who] has represented the Canadian jazz community across North America, Europe, the Middle East and Australia\".", "title": "Peter Appleyard" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Peter Klaven (Paul Rudd), a Los Angeles real estate agent, proposes to his girlfriend Zooey Rice (Rashida Jones), and she accepts. Peter seems to not have any close friends to share the good news with, only family and mainly female acquaintances. After overhearing Zooey's friends voicing their concerns over his lack of close male friends, Peter decides that he needs to find male friends in order to have a best man for the upcoming wedding.", "title": "I Love You, Man" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Peter Pan is a 2003 American - British - Australian fantasy adventure film released by Universal Pictures, Columbia Pictures, and Revolution Studios. It was the first authorized and faithful film or television adaptation of J.M. Barrie's play Peter Pan, or The Boy Who Would n't Grow Up in half a century, after Disney's version in 1953. P.J. Hogan directed a screenplay co-written with Michael Goldenberg which is based on the play and novel by J.M. Barrie. Jason Isaacs plays the dual roles of Captain Hook and George Darling, Olivia Williams plays Mrs. Darling, while Jeremy Sumpter plays Peter Pan, Rachel Hurd - Wood plays Wendy Darling, and Ludivine Sagnier plays Tinker Bell. Lynn Redgrave plays a supporting role as Aunt Millicent, a new character created for the film.", "title": "Peter Pan (2003 film)" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "While You Were Sleeping is a 1995 romantic comedy film directed by Jon Turteltaub and written by Daniel G. Sullivan and Fredric Lebow. It stars Sandra Bullock as Lucy, a Chicago Transit Authority token collector, and Bill Pullman as Jack, the brother of a man whose life she saves, along with Peter Gallagher as Peter, the man who is saved, Peter Boyle and Glynis Johns as members of Peter's family, and Jack Warden as longtime family friend and neighbor.", "title": "While You Were Sleeping (film)" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "He flies back to Los Angeles and after a period of sadness and self - loathing, he begins working on his Dracula puppet comedy - rock opera, A Taste for Love. He sends an invitation to Rachel for the opening night performance. Although extremely hesitant at first, Rachel eventually decides to attend. After the performance Rachel congratulates Peter and tells him she's looking into attending school in the area. She leaves so Peter can bask in the success of his show, but quickly returns to Peter's dressing room to tell him she misses him. Peter tells her that he has missed her, too. The film ends as they embrace and kiss.", "title": "Forgetting Sarah Marshall" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Tommy Boy is a 1995 American road comedy film directed by Peter Segal, written by Bonnie and Terry Turner, produced by Lorne Michaels, and starring former \"Saturday Night Live\" castmates and close friends Chris Farley and David Spade. This was the first of many movies that Peter Segal has filmed with former SNL castmates. The film was shot primarily in Toronto and Los Angeles under the working title \"Rocky Road\". It tells the story of a socially and emotionally immature man (Farley) who learns lessons about friendship and self-worth following the sudden death of his industrialist father. The film did well commercially, but received mixed reviews from critics. However, since its release, \"Tommy Boy\" has become a cult classic due to being very successful on home video.", "title": "Tommy Boy" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jason Maxwell Brooks (born May 10, 1966) is an American actor. He is best known for playing Peter Blake on the soap opera Days of Our Lives and Sean Monroe on Baywatch Hawaii. Jason also had a recurring guest appearance on the television show The Pretender, playing Thomas Gates. He played on The Suite Life of Zack & Cody as Dakota Smith. He played Bacarra, a Warlock in episode 7, season 5 of Charmed. He also appeared in an episode of the NBC sitcom Friends as Rick in The One with the Ballroom Dancing in season 4.", "title": "Jason Brooks (actor)" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Live at the BBC is a double compact disc compilation album by British blues rock band Fleetwood Mac, recorded at various BBC radio sessions between 1967 and 1971. It contains many tracks by Fleetwood Mac which are otherwise unavailable.", "title": "Live at the BBC (Fleetwood Mac album)" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Peter Mayhew (born 19 May 1944) is an English - American actor who is best known for playing Chewbacca in the Star Wars film series.", "title": "Peter Mayhew" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Stephen Fry in America is a six-part BBC television series in which Stephen Fry travels across the United States. In the six-part series he travels, mostly in a London cab, through all 50 of the U.S. states and Washington, D.C..", "title": "Stephen Fry in America" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Peter MacDougall (10 episodes; played by Chris Elliott) is Amy's older brother. He has a strange, psychologically unstable personality (Robert once stated that ``There are squirrels juggling knives in his head '') and a duplicitous, quick - witted mind. Opposed to his sister's marriage, he insists that he will keep trying to break it up, which explains the reason why during Robert's wedding that Robert and Ray looked at him when the pastor asked if anyone objected to Robert and Amy's marriage. Peter is single but lives with his pet house cat, Miss Puss. At first, Peter and Robert hate each other, but in`` Peter on the Couch,'' the two find common ground in the fact that they both suffered from being the overshadowed older sibling and living with their parents. He is fond of Ray, although the feeling is n't mutual. Peter was originally introduced as ``Russell '', the owner of a comic book shop (played by comedian Paul Reubens) in a one - time appearance. Russell abruptly became Peter because in`` Just a Formality'' (episode 7.14), Peter mentions meeting Ray at the comic book store (which was Russell).", "title": "List of Everybody Loves Raymond characters" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Twelfth Night is a 1986 Australian film based on the play directed by Neil Armfield and starring Gillian Jones, Ivar Kants, and Peter Cummins.", "title": "Twelfth Night (1986 film)" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Peter Mayhew (born 19 May 1944) is an English - American actor. He played Chewbacca in the Star Wars film series.", "title": "Peter Mayhew" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The film follows six friends, members of an acting troupe who graduated from Cambridge University in 1982 and went their separate ways. Ten years later, Peter (Stephen Fry) inherits a large estate from his father, and invites the rest of the gang to spend New Year's holiday with him. Many changes have taken place in all of their lives, but Peter has a secret that will shock them all.", "title": "Peter's Friends" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Murder in My Mind is a 1997 science fiction crime drama film starring Nicollette Sheridan, Stacy Keach, Peter Outerbridge, Peter Coyote, Ian Tracey and Peter Flemming. It was directed by Robert Iscove and written by Tom Swale.", "title": "Murder in My Mind" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Newborn Peter (Levi Miller) is left by his mother Mary (Amanda Seyfried) on the steps of an orphanage in London, an establishment under the care of Mother Barnabas (Kathy Burke). Several years later, during World War II, upon learning that Mother Barnabas is hoarding food for herself, Peter and his best friend Nibs (Lewis MacDougall) try to steal it to distribute among themselves and the other orphans but they are caught. In the process, Peter finds a letter written by his mother, declaring her love and assuring Peter they will meet again ``in this world or another ''.", "title": "Pan (2015 film)" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Tauriel is a fictional character from Peter Jackson's feature film adaptation of J.R.R. Tolkien's The Hobbit. The character does not appear in the original book, but was created by Peter Jackson, Philippa Boyens and Fran Walsh as an expansion of material adapted from the book, and first appears in the second and third films in that trilogy, The Hobbit: The Desolation of Smaug and The Hobbit: The Battle of the Five Armies. She is a Woodland Elf whose name has been translated as ``Daughter of the forest '', and is the head of the Mirkwood Elven guard. She is played by Canadian actress Evangeline Lilly, who was nominated for several awards for her performance in The Desolation of Smaug, with some of the stunt work performed by Australian stuntwoman Ingrid Kleinig.", "title": "Tauriel" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Outside Providence is a 1999 American stoner comedy film adaptation of Peter Farrelly's 1988 novel of the same name. The film was directed by Michael Corrente, and it was written by Corrente and the brothers Peter and Bobby Farrelly. Centring on Timothy \"Dildo/Dunph\" Dunphy, the film is about his life of mischief, his \"incentive\" to attend the Cornwall Academy preparatory boarding school, and his realization that the haze in which he has lived has to give way to something that will stay with him forever. The book is based on Peter Farrelly's experience at Kent School, a prep school in Kent, Connecticut.", "title": "Outside Providence (film)" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Big Blue Ball is an album by multiple artists which \"grew from 3 recording weeks\" at Peter Gabriel's Real World Studios in the summers of 1991, 1992, and 1995. It is Peter Gabriel's fourteenth album project overall.", "title": "Big Blue Ball" } ]

[ { "answer": "Stephen Fry", "id": 54755, "paragraph_support_idx": 14, "question": "who played peter in the 1992 film peters friends", "raw_question": "who played peter in the 1992 film peters friends", "statement": "Stephen Fry played Peter in the 1992 film Peter's Friends." }, { "answer": "BBC", "id": 681261, "paragraph_support_idx": 10, "question": "Stephen Fry >> employer", "raw_question": "#1 >> employer", "statement": "Stephen Fry was employed by the BBC." }, { "answer": "Fleetwood Mac", "id": 369731, "paragraph_support_idx": 8, "question": "Live at the BBC >> performer", "raw_question": "Live at the #2 >> performer", "statement": "Fleetwood Mac performed on the live album Live at the BBC." } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Lake Cootharaba is a lake on the Noosa River within the locality of Noosa North Shore in the Shire of Noosa, Queensland, Australia. It is the gateway to the Everglades, a popular tourist attraction for Noosa, being 20 km away from Noosa. The lake's major access is the town of Boreen Point, as well as the smaller camping-spot of Elanda Point.", "title": "Lake Cootharaba" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Everglades: River of Grass is a non-fiction book written by Marjory Stoneman Douglas in 1947. Published the same year as the formal opening of Everglades National Park, the book was a call to attention about the degrading quality of life in the Everglades and remains an influential book on nature conservation as well as a reference for information on South Florida. It was used as recently as 2007 by \"The New York Times\".", "title": "The Everglades: River of Grass" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Besides slaves, there were a number of free people of color in the state. Most were descended from free African Americans who had migrated along with neighbors from Virginia during the 18th century. The majority were the descendants of unions in the working classes between white women, indentured servants or free, and African men, indentured, slave or free. After the Revolution, Quakers and Mennonites worked to persuade slaveholders to free their slaves. Some were inspired by their efforts and the language of the Revolution to arrange for manumission of their slaves. The number of free people of color rose markedly in the first couple of decades after the Revolution.", "title": "North Carolina" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The history of immigration to the United States details the movement of people to the United States starting with the first European settlements from around 1600. Beginning around this time, British and other Europeans settled primarily on the east coast. Later Africans were imported as slaves. The United States experienced successive waves of immigration, particularly from Europe. Immigrants sometimes paid the cost of transoceanic transportation by becoming indentured servants after their arrival in the New World. Later, immigration rules became more restrictive; the ending of numerical restrictions occurred in 1965. Recently, cheap air travel has increased immigration from Asia and Latin America.", "title": "History of immigration to the United States" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Green Grass, Running Water is a 1993 novel by Thomas King, a writer of Cherokee and Greek/German-American descent, and United States and Canadian dual citizenship. He was born and grew up in the United States, and has lived in Canada since 1980. The novel is set in a contemporary First Nations Blackfoot community in Alberta, Canada. It gained attention due to its unique use of structure, narrative, and the fusion of oral and written literary traditions. The novel is rife with humor and satire, particularly regarding Judeo-Christian beliefs as well as Western government and society. \"Green Grass, Running Water\" was a finalist for the 1993 Governor General's Award in Fiction.", "title": "Green Grass, Running Water" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In the colonial years, while conditions were more fluid, white women, indentured servant or free, and African men, servant, slave or free, made unions. Because the women were free, their mixed-race children were born free; they and their descendants formed most of the families of free people of color during the colonial period in Virginia. The scholar Paul Heinegg found that eighty percent of the free people of color in North Carolina in censuses from 1790–1810 could be traced to families free in Virginia in colonial years.", "title": "Multiracial Americans" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Shark Valley is a geological depression at the head of the Shark River Slough in far western Miami-Dade County, Florida, United States. It is currently part of Everglades National Park. Shark Valley empties into Shark River in the Ten Thousand Islands of Monroe County. Shark Valley characteristically includes sawgrass prairie that floods during the rainy season, hence the name \"river of grass\"—\"Pa-Hay-Okee\", from the Mikasuki language—for such marshes in the Everglades. Shark Valley features a Visitor Center with educational displays, a park video, an underwater camera and informational brochures. The entrance to Shark Valley is located along Tamiami Trail (US 41) near the Miami-Dade–Collier County line.", "title": "Shark Valley" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Most of the English colonists had arrived as indentured servants, hiring themselves out as laborers for a fixed period to pay for their passage. In the early years the line between indentured servants and African slaves or laborers was fluid. Some Africans were allowed to earn their freedom before slavery became a lifelong status. Most of the free colored families formed in North Carolina before the Revolution were descended from unions or marriages between free white women and enslaved or free African or African-American men. Because the mothers were free, their children were born free. Many had migrated or were descendants of migrants from colonial Virginia. As the flow of indentured laborers to the colony decreased with improving economic conditions in Great Britain, planters imported more slaves, and the state's legal delineations between free and slave status tightened, effectively hardening the latter into a racial caste. The economy's growth and prosperity was based on slave labor, devoted first to the production of tobacco.", "title": "North Carolina" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In July 2012, Ancestry.com reported on historic and DNA research by its staff that discovered that Obama is likely a descendant through his mother of John Punch, considered by some historians to be the first African slave in the Virginia colony. An indentured servant, he was \"bound for life\" in 1640 after trying to escape. The story of him and his descendants is that of multi-racial America since it appeared he and his sons married or had unions with white women, likely indentured servants and working-class like them. Their multi-racial children were free because they were born to free English women. Over time, Obama's line of the Bunch family (as they became known) were property owners and continued to \"marry white\"; they became part of white society, likely by the early to mid-18th century.", "title": "Black people" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Rohingya people have consistently faced human rights abuses by the Burmese regime that has refused to acknowledge them as Burmese citizens (despite some of them having lived in Burma for over three generations)—the Rohingya have been denied Burmese citizenship since the enactment of a 1982 citizenship law. The law created three categories of citizenship: citizenship, associate citizenship, and naturalised citizenship. Citizenship is given to those who belong to one of the national races such as Kachin, Kayah (Karenni), Karen, Chin, Burman, Mon, Rakhine, Shan, Kaman, or Zerbadee. Associate citizenship is given to those who cannot prove their ancestors settled in Myanmar before 1823, but can prove they have one grandparent, or pre-1823 ancestor, who was a citizen of another country, as well as people who applied for citizenship in 1948 and qualified then by those laws. Naturalized citizenship is only given to those who have at least one parent with one of these types of Burmese citizenship or can provide \"conclusive evidence\" that their parents entered and resided in Burma prior to independence in 1948. The Burmese regime has attempted to forcibly expel Rohingya and bring in non-Rohingyas to replace them—this policy has resulted in the expulsion of approximately half of the 800,000 Rohingya from Burma, while the Rohingya people have been described as \"among the world's least wanted\" and \"one of the world's most persecuted minorities.\" But the origin of ‘most persecuted minority’ statement is unclear.", "title": "Myanmar" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Brague is a river in the département of Alpes-Maritimes and the région of Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in France. The Brague takes its source near Châteauneuf-Grasse and ends in the Mediterranean Sea near Antibes.", "title": "Brague" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Charles Brickett Haddock (20 June 1796, Franklin, New Hampshire - 15 January 1861, West Lebanon, New Hampshire) was a New Hampshire educator, author, politician and civil servant.", "title": "Charles Brickett Haddock" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The name Nigeria was taken from the Niger River running through the country. This name was allegedly coined in the late 19th century by British journalist Flora Shaw, she was inspired by the name of the river, in preference to terms such as \"Central Sudan\". The origin of the name ''Nigeria'' came from the name of the Niger River. The word ( Niger ) is an alteration of the Tuareg name egerew n-igerewen used by inhabitants along the middle reaches of the river around Timbuktu prior to 19th-century European colonialism. Egerew n-igerewen means River of the Rivers.", "title": "Nigeria" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Between one - half and two - thirds of white immigrants to the American colonies between the 1630s and American Revolution had come under indentures. However, while almost half the European immigrants to the Thirteen Colonies were indentured servants, at any one time they were outnumbered by workers who had never been indentured, or whose indenture had expired, and thus free wage labor was the more prevalent for Europeans in the colonies. Indentured people were numerically important mostly in the region from Virginia north to New Jersey. Other colonies saw far fewer of them. The total number of European immigrants to all 13 colonies before 1775 was about 500,000; of these 55,000 were involuntary prisoners. Of the 450,000 or so European arrivals who came voluntarily, Tomlins estimates that 48% were indentured. About 75% of these were under the age of 25. The age of adulthood for men was 24 years (not 21); those over 24 generally came on contracts lasting about 3 years. Regarding the children who came, Gary Nash reports that ``many of the servants were actually nephews, nieces, cousins and children of friends of emigrating Englishmen, who paid their passage in return for their labor once in America. ''", "title": "Indentured servitude" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Everglades Digital Library is hosted and supported by the Florida International University Libraries, in collaboration with Everglades National Park, the University of Florida Libraries, and numerous other agencies and research organizations. The Everglades Digital Library is a library with multiple large and growing collections that regularly add new materials, including scientific and technical reports, natural history writings, educational resources, maps, photographs, and additional contextual materials on and relating to the greater Everglades.", "title": "Everglades Digital Library" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "A Jagunço (), from the Portuguese \"zarguncho\" (a weapon of African origin, similar to a short lance or \"chuzo\"), is a armed hand or bodyguard, usually hired by big farmers and \"colonels\" in the backlands of Brazil, especially in the Northern regions. They were hired to protect their employer, big land owner against invaders and feudal enemies, and also to control their slaves and indentured servants. Some farmers formed their own private militias with a number of heavily armed jagunços. There were also free-lancing or mercenary jagunços, who could be hired for temporary conflicts, as vigilantes, or for contract murders. Local folklore says that jagunços with yellow eyes were particularly fearsome and efficient.", "title": "Jagunço" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Bank of Everglades Building (also known as Everglades Vacation Rentals) was a bank in Everglades City, Florida, United States. It is located at 201 West Broadway. On July 15, 1999, it was added to the U.S. National Register of Historic Places.", "title": "Bank of Everglades Building" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Everglades National Park is a U.S. National Park in Florida that protects the southern 20 percent of the original Everglades. In the United States, it is the largest tropical wilderness, the largest wilderness of any kind east of the Mississippi River, and is visited on average by one million people each year. It is the third - largest national park in the lower 48 states after Death Valley and Yellowstone. It has been declared an International Biosphere Reserve, a World Heritage Site, and a Wetland of International Importance, one of only three locations in the world to appear on all three lists.", "title": "Everglades National Park" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Marjory Stoneman Douglas (April 7, 1890 – May 14, 1998) was an American journalist, author, women's suffrage advocate, and conservationist known for her staunch defense of the Everglades against efforts to drain it and reclaim land for development. Moving to Miami as a young woman to work for \"The Miami Herald\", she became a freelance writer, producing over one hundred short stories that were published in popular magazines. Her most influential work was the book \"\" (1947), which redefined the popular conception of the Everglades as a treasured river instead of a worthless swamp. Its impact has been compared to that of Rachel Carson's influential book \"Silent Spring\" (1962). Her books, stories, and journalism career brought her influence in Miami, enabling her to advance her causes.", "title": "Marjory Stoneman Douglas" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "John C. Broger (October 30, 1913 - February 19, 2006) is an American Christian missionary, author, radio producer, and public servant.", "title": "John C. Broger" } ]

[ { "answer": "Marjory Stoneman Douglas", "id": 542182, "paragraph_support_idx": 1, "question": "The Everglades: River of Grass >> author", "raw_question": "The Everglades: River of Grass >> author", "statement": "Marjory Stoneman Douglas is the author of The Everglades: River of Grass." }, { "answer": "America", "id": 670836, "paragraph_support_idx": 18, "question": "Marjory Stoneman Douglas >> country of citizenship", "raw_question": "#1 >> country of citizenship", "statement": "Marjory Stoneman Douglas was an American author." }, { "answer": "1630s", "id": 74170, "paragraph_support_idx": 13, "question": "when did the first indentured servants came to America", "raw_question": "when did the first indentured servants came to #2", "statement": "The first indentured servants came to America in the 1630s." } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Seven Years' War was fought between 1755 and 1764, the main conflict occurring in the seven-year period from 1756 to 1763. It involved every great power of the time except the Ottoman Empire, and affected Europe, the Americas, West Africa, India, and the Philippines. Considered a prelude to the two world wars and the greatest European war since the Thirty Years War of the 17th century, it once again split Europe into two coalitions, led by Great Britain on one side and France on the other. For the first time, aiming to curtail Britain and Prussia's ever-growing might, France formed a grand coalition of its own, which ended with failure as Britain rose as the world's predominant power, altering the European balance of power.", "title": "Northern Seven Years' War" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Cullinan produced stones of various cuts and sizes, the largest of which is named Cullinan I or the Great Star of Africa, and at 530.4 carats (106.08 g) it is the largest clear cut diamond in the world. Cullinan I is mounted in the head of the Sovereign's Sceptre with Cross. The second - largest is Cullinan II or the Second Star of Africa, weighing 317.4 carats (63.48 g), mounted in the Imperial State Crown. Both diamonds are part of the Crown Jewels of the United Kingdom.", "title": "Cullinan Diamond" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Foch was a French Navy heavy cruiser of the , that saw service in World War II. She was the first French warship named for the French Marshal Ferdinand Foch.", "title": "French cruiser Foch" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The film takes its title from the 1914 Defence of the Realm Act (DORA), passed in the United Kingdom at the start of the First World War, which gave the Government executive powers, for as long as war should continue, to suppress public criticism, imprison people without trial, and commandeer economic resources for the war effort.", "title": "Defence of the Realm" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Diamond cutting, as well as overall processing, is concentrated in a few cities around the world. The main diamond trading centers are Antwerp, Tel Aviv, and Dubai from where roughs are sent to the main processing centers of India and China. Diamonds are cut and polished in Surat, India and the Chinese cities of Guangzhou and Shenzhen. India in recent years has held between 19 -- 31% of the world market in polished diamonds and China has held 17% of the world market share in a recent year. Another important diamond center is New York City.", "title": "Diamond cutting" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Returning World War II veterans created a post-war economic boom and the development of large housing tracts in eastern Queens. New York emerged from the war unscathed as the leading city of the world, with Wall Street leading America's place as the world's dominant economic power. The United Nations Headquarters was completed in 1952, solidifying New York's global geopolitical influence, and the rise of abstract expressionism in the city precipitated New York's displacement of Paris as the center of the art world.", "title": "New York City" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "During the early years of the Cold War from 1946 to 1958, the United States tested 67 nuclear weapons at its Pacific Proving Grounds located in the Marshall Islands, including the largest atmospheric nuclear test ever conducted by the U.S., code named Castle Bravo. \"The bombs had a total yield of 108,496 kilotons, over 7,200 times more powerful than the atomic weapons used during World War II.\" With the 1952 test of the first U.S. hydrogen bomb, code named \"Ivy Mike,\" the island of Elugelab in the Enewetak atoll was destroyed. In 1956, the United States Atomic Energy Commission regarded the Marshall Islands as \"by far the most contaminated place in the world.\"", "title": "Marshall Islands" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Murtala Muhammed International Airport (MMIA) (IATA: LOS, ICAO: DNMM) is an international airport located in Ikeja, Lagos State, Nigeria, and is the major airport serving the entire state. The airport was initially built during World War II and is named after Murtala Muhammed, the 4th military ruler of Nigeria.", "title": "Murtala Muhammed International Airport" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Allies of World War II, called the United Nations from the 1 January 1942 declaration, were the countries that together opposed the Axis powers during the Second World War (1939 -- 1945). The Allies promoted the alliance as seeking to stop German, Japanese and Italian aggression.", "title": "Allies of World War II" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Article 231, often known as the War Guilt Clause, was the opening article of the reparations section of the Treaty of Versailles, which ended the First World War between the German Empire and the Allied and Associated Powers. The article did not use the word ``guilt ''but it served as a legal basis to compel Germany to pay reparations for the war.", "title": "Article 231 of the Treaty of Versailles" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "On June 27, 1954, the USSR's Obninsk Nuclear Power Plant became the world's first nuclear power plant to generate electricity for a power grid, and produced around 5 megawatts of electric power.", "title": "Nuclear power" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Nicholas II -- last Czar of Russia, titular King of Poland, and Grand Duke of Finland. His rule ended with the Russian Revolution. Nicholas was killed on 17 July 1918.", "title": "Allied leaders of World War I" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Rank Country / Region Diamond production (million carats) in 2016 World 121.7 Russia 40 Botswana 20.9 Australia 13.9 DR Congo 12.3 Canada 11.1 6 Angola 9 7 South Africa 8.4 8 Zimbabwe 9 Namibia 1.5 10 Sierra Leone 0.5 - Other countries", "title": "List of countries by diamond production" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Members of the 1973 World Series champion Oakland Athletics were upset when team owner Charlie O. Finley, following salary disputes with his players, presented his team with rings that were identical to the ones received after winning the 1972 World Series, except without the one - carat diamond. Reggie Jackson referred to them as ``trash rings ''. The first ring to contain more than one diamond was the 1977 World Series ring commissioned by the Yankees, which had over a dozen diamonds. Over time, ring designs have become larger and more elaborate, with Yogi Berra saying in 2009,`` They're so much bigger now, they're like weapons. You ca n't even wear them.'' Whereas older rings were 10 carat and between 20 and 25 pennyweight, modern rings are typically 14 carat and 50 pennyweight. The rings commissioned by the Florida Marlins after the 2003 World Series are believed to be among the most expensive World Series rings ever made; made of 14 - carat white gold, the 3.5 - ounce (99 g) ring featured 229 diamonds, including one teal diamond, and 13 rubies. The rings cost $20,000 apiece due to the quantity of the purchase, though they retailed at $40,000 each. After breaking their long championship drought in 2016, the Chicago Cubs commissioned rings said to be worth up to $70,000, consisting of 214 diamonds at 5.5 karats, 3 karats of rubies, and 2.5 karats of sapphires.", "title": "World Series ring" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Russian Revolution is the series of revolutions in Russia in 1917, which destroyed the Tsarist autocracy and led to the creation of the Soviet Union. Following the abdication of Nicholas II of Russia, the Russian Provisional Government was established. In October 1917, a red faction revolution occurred in which the Red Guard, armed groups of workers and deserting soldiers directed by the Bolshevik Party, seized control of Saint Petersburg (then known as Petrograd) and began an immediate armed takeover of cities and villages throughout the former Russian Empire.", "title": "Modern history" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "When World War II started in 1939, it divided the world into two alliances—the Allies (the United Kingdom and France at first in Europe, China in Asia since 1937, followed in 1941 by the Soviet Union, the United States); and the Axis powers consisting of Germany, Italy and Japan.[nb 1] During World War II, the United States, United Kingdom, and Soviet Union controlled Allied policy and emerged as the \"Big Three\". The Republic of China and the Big Three were referred as a \"trusteeship of the powerful\" and were recognized as the Allied \"Big Four\" in Declaration by United Nations in 1942. These four countries were referred as the \"Four Policemen\" of the Allies and considered as the primary victors of World War II. The importance of France was acknowledged by their inclusion, along with the other four, in the group of countries allotted permanent seats in the United Nations Security Council.", "title": "Great power" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "When World War II broke out in 1939, Bergmann sought to join the South African army, but as he felt his name was too German-sounding (there was significant anti-German feeling as the war loomed, and as the Nazi persecution of the Jews and the Holocaust had not yet happened, this feeling made no distinction between Germans and German Jews), he removed the second \"n\" from his name, adopting the Dutch variation of the surname.", "title": "Walter Bergman" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "According to IEA the United States was the 4th largest producer of hydroelectric power in the world in 2008 after China, Canada and Brazil. Produced hydroelectricity was 282 TWh (2008). It was 8.6% of the world's total hydropower. The installed capacity was 80 GW in 2015. The amount of hydroelectric power generated is strongly affected by changes in precipitation and surface runoff.", "title": "Hydroelectric power in the United States" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Why We Fight is the first album from Seattle-based Gatsbys American Dream. It is presumably named after the World War II documentary series.", "title": "Why We Fight (album)" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Morgenthau Plan ( ) by the Allied occupation of Germany following World War II was a proposal to eliminate Germany's ability to wage war by eliminating its arms industry, and the removal or destruction of other key industries basic to military strength. This included the removal or destruction of all industrial plants and equipment in the Ruhr. It was first proposed by United States Secretary of the Treasury Henry Morgenthau Jr. in a memorandum entitled \"Suggested Post-Surrender Program for Germany\".", "title": "Morgenthau Plan" } ]

[ { "answer": "Russia", "id": 50406, "paragraph_support_idx": 12, "question": "who produces the most diamonds in the world", "raw_question": "who produces the most diamonds in the world", "statement": "Russia produces the most diamonds in the world." }, { "answer": "Nicholas II", "id": 66733, "paragraph_support_idx": 11, "question": "name the ruler of Russia during first world war", "raw_question": "name the ruler of #1 during first world war", "statement": "Nicholas II was the ruler of Russia during World War I." }, { "answer": "the Russian Provisional Government was established.", "id": 33264, "paragraph_support_idx": 14, "question": "What happened when Nicholas II was removed from power?", "raw_question": "What happened when #2 was removed from power?", "statement": "The Russian Provisional Government was established when Nicholas II was removed from power." } ]

[ "Russian Provisional Government" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "A New Shade of Blue is an album recorded by American saxophonist Harold Land in 1971 for the Mainstream label.", "title": "A New Shade of Blue" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Fifty Shades Freed is the third and final installment of the erotic romance Fifty Shades Trilogy by British author E.L. James. After accepting entrepreneur CEO Christian Grey's proposal in Fifty Shades Darker, Anastasia Steele must adjust not only to married life but to her new husband's wealthy lifestyle and controlling nature. The paperback edition was first published in April 2012.", "title": "Fifty Shades Freed" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "On March 17, 2017, the series was renewed for a third and final season. During the course of the series, 36 episodes of Shades of Blue aired.", "title": "List of Shades of Blue episodes" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Genius Loves Company is the final studio album by rhythm and blues and soul musician Ray Charles, posthumously released August 31, 2004, on Concord Records. Recording sessions for the album took place between June 2003 and March 2004. The album consists of rhythm and blues, soul, country, blues, jazz and pop standards performed by Charles and several guest musicians, such as Natalie Cole, Elton John, James Taylor, Norah Jones, B.B. King, Gladys Knight, Diana Krall, Van Morrison, Willie Nelson and Bonnie Raitt. \"Genius Loves Company\" was the last album recorded and completed by Charles before his death in June 2004.", "title": "Genius Loves Company" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Warrimoo (formerly Karabah) is a medium-sized village in the lower Blue Mountains of New South Wales, Australia, 273 metres above sea level. The state government's electorate is Blue Mountains and the state member is Labor's Trisha Lee Doyle. Federally, the electorate is Macquarie and the federal member is Labor's Susan Templeman. Warrimoo is located 75 kilometres west of Sydney, in the local government area of the City of Blue Mountains. Local council Mayor is Labor's Mark Greenhill.", "title": "Warrimoo, New South Wales" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Liri Blues Festival, founded in 1988, is one of the main blues music festivals in Italy. It takes place every year in July near Rome in Isola del Liri, a small town twinned with the city of New Orleans since 1997.", "title": "Liri Blues Festival" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Lode Craeybeckx (24 November 1897 – 25 July 1976) served as mayor of Antwerp, Belgium from 1947 until his death in 1976, becoming the longest-serving mayor of the city in its history.", "title": "Lode Craeybeckx" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "There is a variety of annual events, beginning with the relatively new New Year's Day Parade, fireworks display at the London Eye, the world's second largest street party, the Notting Hill Carnival is held during the late August Bank Holiday each year. Traditional parades include November's Lord Mayor's Show, a centuries-old event celebrating the annual appointment of a new Lord Mayor of the City of London with a procession along the streets of the City, and June's Trooping the Colour, a formal military pageant performed by regiments of the Commonwealth and British armies to celebrate the Queen's Official Birthday.", "title": "London" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Roy Montrell (27 February 1928 – 16 March 1979) was an American rhythm & blues guitarist who performed on hundreds of records produced in New Orleans.", "title": "Roy Montrell" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Gino Anthony Pesi (born November 3, 1980) is an American actor, producer, and writer. He is best known for his role as James Nava in the NBC TV Series Shades of Blue.", "title": "Gino Anthony Pesi" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The first USAF dress uniform, in 1947, was dubbed and patented \"Uxbridge Blue\" after \"Uxbridge 1683 Blue\", developed at the former Bachman-Uxbridge Worsted Company. The current Service Dress Uniform, which was adopted in 1993 and standardized in 1995, consists of a three-button, pocketless coat, similar to that of a men's \"sport jacket\" (with silver \"U.S.\" pins on the lapels, with a silver ring surrounding on those of enlisted members), matching trousers, and either a service cap or flight cap, all in Shade 1620, \"Air Force Blue\" (a darker purplish-blue). This is worn with a light blue shirt (Shade 1550) and Shade 1620 herringbone patterned necktie. Enlisted members wear sleeve insignia on both the jacket and shirt, while officers wear metal rank insignia pinned onto the coat, and Air Force Blue slide-on epaulet loops on the shirt. USAF personnel assigned to Base Honor Guard duties wear, for certain occasions, a modified version of the standard service dress uniform, but with silver trim on the sleeves and trousers, with the addition of a ceremonial belt (if necessary), wheel cap with silver trim and Hap Arnold Device, and a silver aiguillette placed on the left shoulder seam and all devices and accoutrement.", "title": "United States Air Force" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Mayor of the City of Los Angeles is the official head and chief executive officer of Los Angeles, California. The mayor is elected for a four - year term and limited to serving no more than two terms. Under the California Constitution, all judicial, school, county, and city offices, including those of chartered cities, are nonpartisan. The 42nd and current Mayor is Eric Garcetti.", "title": "Mayor of Los Angeles" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In some languages, including old Chinese, Thai, old Japanese, and Vietnamese, the same word can mean either blue or green. The Chinese character 青 (pronounced qīng in Mandarin, ao in Japanese, and thanh in Sino-Vietnamese) has a meaning that covers both blue and green; blue and green are traditionally considered shades of \"青\". In more contemporary terms, they are 藍 (lán, in Mandarin) and 綠 (lǜ, in Mandarin) respectively. Japanese also has two terms that refer specifically to the color green, 緑 (midori, which is derived from the classical Japanese descriptive verb midoru \"to be in leaf, to flourish\" in reference to trees) and グリーン (guriin, which is derived from the English word \"green\"). However, in Japan, although the traffic lights have the same colors that other countries have, the green light is described using the same word as for blue, \"aoi\", because green is considered a shade of aoi; similarly, green variants of certain fruits and vegetables such as green apples, green shiso (as opposed to red apples and red shiso) will be described with the word \"aoi\". Vietnamese uses a single word for both blue and green, xanh, with variants such as xanh da trời (azure, lit. \"sky blue\"), lam (blue), and lục (green; also xanh lá cây, lit. \"leaf green\").", "title": "Green" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Shades of Two Worlds is the tenth studio album by the Allman Brothers Band. Among the tracks are several longer songs of varying genres: the rock song \"Nobody Knows\"; jazzy instrumental \"Kind of Bird\"; and the blues-rocker \"Get On with Your Life\". Dickey Betts takes a more prominent role in songwriting here than on most other of the group's albums, writing or cowriting five of the eight songs. Newer member Warren Haynes also has co-writing credits on five songs. There is also a Delta Blues cover of Robert Johnson's \"Come On in My Kitchen\". This album is currently out of print in the U.S., but remains a popular favorite among the group's fans.", "title": "Shades of Two Worlds" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The number was among those played by Los Angeles artists such as Clifford Brown (trumpet), Max Roach (drums) and Harold Land (tenor sax) as part of the \"hardening\" of Jazz bop. The track is commonly known as \"Big Foot\" but was first recorded on Dial Records as \"Drifting on a Reed.\"", "title": "Drifting on a Reed" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The city has a Mayor and is one of the 16 cities and towns in England and Wales to have a ceremonial sheriff who acts as a deputy for the Mayor. The current and 793rd Mayor of Southampton is Linda Norris. Catherine McEwing is the current and 578th sherriff. The town crier from 2004 until his death in 2014 was John Melody, who acted as master of ceremonies in the city and who possessed a cry of 104 decibels.", "title": "Southampton" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Ten Shades of Blues is the fifth solo studio album by Cameroonian jazz bassist and musician Richard Bona. It was released on October 19, 2009 through Universal Music Jazz France. The album has charted in France and the Netherlands.", "title": "The Ten Shades of Blues" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The mayor's office is located in New York City Hall; it has jurisdiction over all five boroughs of New York City: Manhattan, Brooklyn, the Bronx, Staten Island and Queens. The mayor appoints a large number of officials, including commissioners who head city departments, and his deputy mayors. The mayor's regulations are compiled in title 43 of the New York City Rules. According to current law, the mayor is limited to two consecutive four - year terms in office but may run again after a four year break. It was changed from two to three terms on October 23, 2008, when the New York City Council voted 29 -- 22 in favor of passing the term limit extension into law. However, in 2010, a referendum reverting the limit back to two terms passed overwhelmingly.", "title": "Mayor of New York City" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Blue Umbrella is a 2013 computer-animated short film produced by Pixar Animation Studios that was released alongside \"Monsters University\". The short is directed by Saschka Unseld of Pixar's technical department. The short features techniques such as photorealistic lighting, shading, and compositing.", "title": "The Blue Umbrella (2013 film)" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "On January 7, 2012, Beyoncé gave birth to her first child, a daughter, Blue Ivy Carter, at Lenox Hill Hospital in New York. Five months later, she performed for four nights at Revel Atlantic City's Ovation Hall to celebrate the resort's opening, her first performances since giving birth to Blue Ivy.", "title": "Beyoncé" } ]

[ { "answer": "Harold Land", "id": 835186, "paragraph_support_idx": 0, "question": "A New Shade of Blue >> performer", "raw_question": "A New Shade of Blue >> performer", "statement": "Harold Land was the performer of the album A New Shade of Blue." }, { "answer": "Los Angeles", "id": 300060, "paragraph_support_idx": 14, "question": "Harold Land >> place of death", "raw_question": "#1 >> place of death", "statement": "Harold Land died in Los Angeles." }, { "answer": "Eric Garcetti", "id": 81574, "paragraph_support_idx": 11, "question": "who is the current mayor of Los Angeles", "raw_question": "who is the current mayor of #2", "statement": "Eric Garcetti is the current mayor of Los Angeles." } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Long Creek Bridge is a bridge that spans across Long Creek. It is from the Canada–United States border and from Estevan, Saskatchewan, Canada. The bridge was originally a wooden bridge that had reached the end of its useful life, and in 2009 work started on a new precast, pre-stressed concrete bridge as part of the federal government's National Action Plan.", "title": "Long Creek Bridge" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Morris Lake is a long shallow lake in Nova Scotia's Halifax Regional Municipality bordering the communities of Dartmouth, Shearwater and Cole Harbour.", "title": "Morris Lake (Nova Scotia)" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Cascade Falls is a waterfall on the Kettle River in the Boundary Country of the Southern Interior of British Columbia. They are located just south of Christina Lake and just north of the Canada–United States border in a gorge 200-300 yards long and just below the railway bridge over the Kettle by the southern mainline of the Canadian Pacific Railway. The ghost town of Cascade City aka Cascade is nearby and was named for the falls, even though they were not officially named until 1977.", "title": "Cascade Falls (Kettle River)" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "With Switzerland joining the Schengen Treaty in March 2009, the air side was rearranged to include a Schengen and non-Schengen zone. As border control is staffed by both Swiss and French border officers, passengers departing to or arriving from non-Schengen countries may receive either a Swiss or French passport stamp, depending on which officer they happen to approach.", "title": "EuroAirport Basel Mulhouse Freiburg" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Ivan Puni was born in Kuokkala (then Grand Duchy of Finland in the Russian Empire, now Repino in Russia) to a family of Italian origins. He is the grandson of an eminent Italian composer of ballet music, Cesare Pugni.", "title": "Ivan Puni" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Born in St. Petersburg, she studied art in Paris from 1911 to 1913. She returned to St. Petersburg in 1913 and married Ivan Puni. Their apartment in St Petersburg became a meeting place for avant-garde artists and poets. With Puni she published the cubo-futurist booklet \"Roaring Parnassus\" («Рыкающий Парнас») in 1914.", "title": "Kseniya Boguslavskaya" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The removal of Hungary's border fence with Austria occurred in 1989 during the collapse of communism in Hungary, which was part of a broad wave of revolutions in various communist countries of Central and Eastern Europe. The dismantling of the electric fence along Hungary's 240 kilometres (149 mi) long border with Austria was the first fissure in the ``Iron Curtain ''that had divided Europe for more than 40 years, since the end of World War II, and caused a chain reaction in East Germany that ultimately resulted in the demise of the Berlin Wall.", "title": "Removal of Hungary's border fence with Austria" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Relocating his court from Jianzhou to Liaodong provided Nurhachi access to more resources; it also brought him in close contact with the Khorchin Mongol domains on the plains of Mongolia. Although by this time the once-united Mongol nation had long since fragmented into individual and hostile tribes, these tribes still presented a serious security threat to the Ming borders. Nurhachi's policy towards the Khorchins was to seek their friendship and cooperation against the Ming, securing his western border from a powerful potential enemy.", "title": "Qing dynasty" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Fort Salonga is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) in Suffolk County, New York on the North Shore of Long Island. At the 2010 census, the CDP population was 10,008. The name evolved from the Revolutionary War-era British Fort Salonga, or Fort Slongo, (named after one of the fort’s architects) once located near the border of the towns of Huntington and Smithtown, overlooking Long Island Sound.", "title": "Fort Salonga, New York" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Toce () is a river in Piedmont, Italy, which stretches the length of the Val d'Ossola from the Swiss border to Lake Maggiore into which it debouches near Fondotoce in the commune of Verbania. The river is long and is formed in the upper Val Formazza by the confluence of a number of torrents in the plain of Riale.", "title": "Toce" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "China shares international borders with 14 sovereign states. In addition, there is a 30 - km border with the special administrative region of Hong Kong, which was a British dependency before 1997, and a 3 km border with Macau, a Portuguese territory until 1999. With a land border of 22,117 kilometres (13,743 mi) in total it also has the longest land border of any country.", "title": "Borders of China" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Pembina River is a tributary of the Red River of the North, approximately long, in southern Manitoba in Canada and northeastern North Dakota in the United States. It drains an area (about 8500 square kilometers) of the prairie country along the Canada–US border, threading the Manitoba-North Dakota border eastward to the Red River. Via the Red River, Lake Winnipeg and the Nelson River, it is part of the watershed of Hudson Bay.", "title": "Pembina River (Manitoba – North Dakota)" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mount Sanford of south-central Connecticut, est. , is the high point on a long traprock mountain ridge located northwest of the city of New Haven. Mount Sanford is part of the narrow, linear Metacomet Ridge that extends from Long Island Sound near New Haven, north through the Connecticut River Valley of Massachusetts to the Vermont border. The Metacomet Ridge continues north from Mount Sanford as Peck Mountain and south as Mad Mare Hill and West Rock Ridge.", "title": "Mount Sanford (Connecticut)" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "CMS is 21.6 metres long, 15 m in diameter, and weighs about 14,000 tonnes. Approximately 3,800 people, representing 199 scientific institutes and 43 countries, form the CMS collaboration who built and now operate the detector. It is located in an underground cavern at Cessy in France, just across the border from Geneva. In July 2012, along with ATLAS, CMS tentatively discovered the Higgs boson..", "title": "Compact Muon Solenoid" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Canada ( ) is a country in the northern part of North America. Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic to the Pacific and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering , making it the world's second-largest country by total area. Its southern border with the United States, stretching some , is the world's longest bi-national land border. Canada's capital is Ottawa, and its three largest metropolitan areas are Toronto, Montreal, and Vancouver.", "title": "Canada" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The A13 highway is a highway in Nigeria. It runs from Jimeta on the Benue River in Adamawa State north, close to the eastern border of the country, to join the A4 highway near Bama in Borno State.", "title": "A13 highway (Nigeria)" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Latvia ( or ; , ), officially the Republic of Latvia (, ), is a country in the Baltic region of Northern Europe. Since its independence, Latvia has been referred to as one of the Baltic states. It is bordered by Estonia to the north, Lithuania to the south, Russia to the east, and Belarus to the southeast, and shares a maritime border with Sweden to the west. Latvia has 1,957,200 inhabitants and a territory of . The country has a temperate seasonal climate.", "title": "Latvia" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Alberta Provincial Highway No. 12, commonly referred to as Highway 12, is an east-west highway through central Alberta. It runs from Highway 22, through Lacombe and Stettler, to the Alberta-Saskatchewan border. It generally runs parallel to Highway 13 to the north. Highway 12 is about long.", "title": "Alberta Highway 12" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "It shares borders of 6,846 kilometres (4,254 mi) with Russia, 2,203 kilometres (1,369 mi) with Uzbekistan, 1,533 kilometres (953 mi) with China, 1,051 kilometres (653 mi) with Kyrgyzstan, and 379 kilometres (235 mi) with Turkmenistan. Major cities include Nur-Sultan, Almaty, Karagandy, Shymkent, Atyrau, and Oskemen. It lies between latitudes 40° and 56° N, and longitudes 46° and 88° E. While located primarily in Asia, a small portion of Kazakhstan is also located west of the Urals in Eastern Europe.Kazakhstan's terrain extends west to east from the Caspian Sea to the Altay Mountains and north to south from the plains of Western Siberia to the oases and deserts of Central Asia. The Kazakh Steppe (plain), with an area of around 804,500 square kilometres (310,600 sq mi), occupies one-third of the country and is the world's largest dry steppe region. The steppe is characterised by large areas of grasslands and sandy regions. Major seas, lakes and rivers include the Aral Sea, Lake Balkhash and Lake Zaysan, the Charyn River and gorge and the Ili, Irtysh, Ishim, Ural and Syr Darya rivers.", "title": "Kazakhstan" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The North Finland Group () was a formation of the Finnish Army during the Winter War. It was responsible for an almost 800-kilometer-long border from the town of Lieksa to the Arctic Ocean. The group was under the command of Major General Wiljo Tuompo, and its headquarters was located in Kajaani.", "title": "North Finland Group" } ]

[ { "answer": "Ivan Puni", "id": 450185, "paragraph_support_idx": 5, "question": "Kseniya Boguslavskaya >> spouse", "raw_question": "Kseniya Boguslavskaya >> spouse", "statement": "Ivan Puni is the spouse of Kseniya Boguslavskaya." }, { "answer": "Russia", "id": 102686, "paragraph_support_idx": 4, "question": "What country is Ivan Puni from?", "raw_question": "What country is #1 from?", "statement": "Ivan Puni is from Russia." }, { "answer": "6,846 kilometres", "id": 158690, "paragraph_support_idx": 18, "question": "How long is the border with Russia ?", "raw_question": "How long is the border with #2 ?", "statement": "The border between Kazakhstan and Russia is 6,846 kilometres long." } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Richmond Raceway is in the central portion of Henrico County near Mechanicsville, just north of the Richmond city limits. The raceway seats approximately 60,000 people and holds two NASCAR doubleheader race weekends per year. Additionally, Richmond International Airport is located in the eastern portion of Henrico County in Sandston. Top private employers in the county include Capital One, Bon Secours Richmond Health System, and Anthem.", "title": "Henrico County, Virginia" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Middletown High School North, home of the Lions, is a four-year comprehensive public high school located in Middletown Township, in Monmouth County, New Jersey, United States, serving students in ninth through twelfth grades as one of the two secondary schools of the Middletown Township Public School District. Other students from Middletown Township attend Middletown High School South. The school also houses a 750-seat theater. Approximately 90% of North students attend college after graduation. The school has been accredited by the Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Secondary Schools since 1936.", "title": "Middletown High School North" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Church Mission School (CMS) is a complex in Karachi, Pakistan. It was operated by the Christ Church before its 1971 nationalisation. Azizullah Sharif of \"Dawn\" stated that CMS, while operated by the church, was \"one of the best educational institutions of the city where many students passed their matric examinations with flying colours.\" As of 2010, four institutions occupy the complex: CMS Primary School, CMS Secondary School, Cutchhi Memon Association (CMA) Primary, and CMA Girls Secondary School. As of that year these schools occupy blocks that are more recent, while the original three blocks were vacant.", "title": "Church Mission School" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Kevin McLaughlin (born 20 September 1984) is a retired professional rugby union player from Ireland. He attended the primary school Kildare Place National School and was educated at secondary level at Gonzaga College.", "title": "Kevin McLaughlin" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Salesian Secondary College, formerly Copsewood College, is a secondary school located outside the village of Pallaskenry, County Limerick, Ireland. The school campus is owned by the Salesians and shared with Pallaskenry Agricultural College. There are approximately 500 students enrolled in the schools co-educational program. The principal is Mr. Paddy O Neill.", "title": "Salesian Secondary College" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Nowa Omoigui attended Corona primary school, St Saviors Primary School, and St Mary's Primary School, all in Lagos, Nigeria. For his secondary education, Nowa Omoigui Federal Government College, Warri, and King's College, Lagos. For his undergraduate education, he studied at the University of Ibadan where he graduated with an MBBS with distinction.", "title": "Nowa Omoigui" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The largest expansion of comprehensive schools in 1965 resulted from a policy decision taken in 1965 by Anthony Crosland, Secretary of State for Education in the 1964–1970 Labour government. The policy decision was implemented by Circular 10/65, an instruction to local education authorities to plan for conversion. Students sat the 11+ examination in their last year of primary education and were sent to one of a secondary modern, secondary technical or grammar school depending on their perceived ability. Secondary technical schools were never widely implemented and for 20 years there was a virtual bipartite system which saw fierce competition for the available grammar school places, which varied between 15% and 25% of total secondary places, depending on location.[citation needed]", "title": "Comprehensive school" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Required attendance at school is 10 years for males and 11 years for females (2001). The adult literacy rate is 99.0% (2002). In 2010, there were 1,918 students who were taught by 109 teachers (98 certified and 11 uncertified). The teacher-pupil ratio for primary schools in Tuvalu is around 1:18 for all schools with the exception of Nauti School, which has a teacher-student ratio of 1:27. Nauti School on Funafuti is the largest primary in Tuvalu with more than 900 students (45 percent of the total primary school enrolment). The pupil-teacher ratio for Tuvalu is low compared to the Pacific region (ratio of 1:29).", "title": "Tuvalu" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Education in Eritrea is officially compulsory between seven and 13 years of age. However, the education infrastructure is inadequate to meet current needs. Statistics vary at the elementary level, suggesting that between 65 and 70% of school-aged children attend primary school; Approximately 61% attend secondary school. Student-teacher ratios are high: 45 to 1 at the elementary level and 54 to 1 at the secondary level. There are an average 63 students per classroom at the elementary level and 97 per classroom at the secondary level. Learning hours at school are often less than six hours per day. Skill shortages are present at all levels of the education system, and funding for and access to education vary significantly by gender and location. Illiteracy estimates for Eritrea range from around 40% to as high as 70%.", "title": "Eritrea" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "As of August 2010, Victoria had 1,548 public schools, 489 Catholic schools and 214 independent schools. Just under 540,800 students were enrolled in public schools, and just over 311,800 in private schools. Over 61 per cent of private students attend Catholic schools. More than 462,000 students were enrolled in primary schools and more than 390,000 in secondary schools. Retention rates for the final two years of secondary school were 77 per cent for public school students and 90 per cent for private school students. Victoria has about 63,519 full-time teachers.", "title": "Victoria (Australia)" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "According to the Library of Virginia \"William Selden was born 31 January 1791 in Henrico County, Virginia, to Miles Selden (1752-1811) and Elizabeth Armistead Selden (1752-1833). He was a member for Henrico County in the House of Delegates from 1813 to 1816 and from 1818 to 1821. He later served as Registrar of the Land Office. He married first Maria Eliza Swann (d. 1834) 26 November 1833, and they had one child. He married second Emily Hunter 9 June 1840, and they had eight children. Selden died 7 April 1874.\"", "title": "William Selden" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The city of Richmond operates 28 elementary schools, nine middle schools, and eight high schools, serving a total student population of 24,000 students. There is one Governor's School in the city − the Maggie L. Walker Governor's School for Government and International Studies. In 2008, it was named as one of Newsweek magazine's 18 \"public elite\" high schools, and in 2012, it was rated #16 of America's best high schools overall. Richmond's public school district also runs one of Virginia's four public charter schools, the Patrick Henry School of Science and Arts, which was founded in 2010.", "title": "Richmond, Virginia" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Community Training Centres (CTCs) have been established within the primary schools on each atoll. The CTCs provide vocational training to students who do not progress beyond Class 8 because they failed the entry qualifications for secondary education. The CTCs offer training in basic carpentry, gardening and farming, sewing and cooking. At the end of their studies the graduates can apply to continue studies either at Motufoua Secondary School or the Tuvalu Maritime Training Institute (TMTI). Adults can also attend courses at the CTCs.", "title": "Tuvalu" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The CJD Christophorusschule Königswinter is a state recognized private, alternative school located in Rhein-Sieg-Kreis (North Rhine-Westphalia, on the border to Rhineland-Palatinate), and is run by the Christliches Jugenddorfwerk Deutschlands (Christian Youth Village Foundation of Germany – CJD). The school consists of a secondary school and a high school, which correspond to the state equivalents. The Christophorusschule has about 1,400 male and female students (including 360 in the secondary school), and about 105 teachers for instruction. In addition, a dormitory is available for students in grades 5-12, a branch for the highly gifted students, a knowledge center for gifted demands, and a school psychology service with certified psychologists.", "title": "CJD Christophorusschule Königswinter" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "There are more than 14,000 school districts in the country, and more than $500 billion is spent each year on public primary and secondary education. Most states require that their school districts within the state teach for 180 days a year. In 2010, there were 3,823,142 teachers in public, charter, private, and Catholic elementary and secondary schools. They taught a total of 55,203,000 students, who attended one of 132,656 schools.", "title": "Education in the United States" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The education system features a non-compulsory kindergarten education followed by six years of compulsory primary education, and five years of optional secondary education. Schools in the primary education system are divided into two categories: national primary schools, which teach in Malay, and vernacular schools, which teach in Chinese or Tamil. Secondary education is conducted for five years. In the final year of secondary education, students sit for the Malaysian Certificate of Education examination. Since the introduction of the matriculation programme in 1999, students who completed the 12-month programme in matriculation colleges can enroll in local universities. However, in the matriculation system, only 10 per cent of places are open to non-bumiputera students.", "title": "Malaysia" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The word madrasah derives from the triconsonantal Semitic root د-ر-س D-R-S 'to learn, study', through the wazn (form/stem) مفعل(ة)‎; mafʻal(ah), meaning \"a place where something is done\". Therefore, madrasah literally means \"a place where learning and studying take place\". The word is also present as a loanword with the same innocuous meaning in many Arabic-influenced languages, such as: Urdu, Bengali, Hindi, Persian, Turkish, Azeri, Kurdish, Indonesian, Malay and Bosnian / Croatian. In the Arabic language, the word مدرسة madrasah simply means the same as school does in the English language, whether that is private, public or parochial school, as well as for any primary or secondary school whether Muslim, non-Muslim, or secular. Unlike the use of the word school in British English, the word madrasah more closely resembles the term school in American English, in that it can refer to a university-level or post-graduate school as well as to a primary or secondary school. For example, in the Ottoman Empire during the Early Modern Period, madaris had lower schools and specialised schools where the students became known as danişmends. The usual Arabic word for a university, however, is جامعة (jāmiʻah). The Hebrew cognate midrasha also connotes the meaning of a place of learning; the related term midrash literally refers to study or learning, but has acquired mystical and religious connotations.", "title": "Madrasa" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "St Paul's College is a coeducational day and boarding school providing secondary schooling in Walla Walla, New South Wales, Australia. It is a member school of Lutheran Education Australia, a network of 85 schools and 42 kindergarten/early childhood centres educating approximately 38,000 students Australia wide, and it forms part of the Riverina group of Lutheran schools together with Lutheran Primary School Wagga Wagga, St Paul's Lutheran Primary School Henty, St John's Primary School Jindera and Victory Lutheran College Wodonga (Victoria).", "title": "St Paul's College, Walla Walla" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Halid Ziya Uşaklıgil was born in Istanbul in 1866. He went to primary school and then attended the secondary school Fatih Rüştiyesi in the same city. His family moved to Izmir in 1879. He completed his secondary education in Izmir attending the school which now is known as İzmir Atatürk Lisesi. He later attended an Armenian Catholic school to learn French where he completed his first translation works.", "title": "Halid Ziya Uşaklıgil" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In the 1988–89 school year, 301 students per 10,000 population were in specialized secondary or higher education, a figure slightly lower than the Soviet average. In 1989 some 58% of Armenians over age fifteen had completed their secondary education, and 14% had a higher education. In the 1990–91 school year, the estimated 1,307 primary and secondary schools were attended by 608,800 students. Another seventy specialized secondary institutions had 45,900 students, and 68,400 students were enrolled in a total of ten postsecondary institutions that included universities. In addition, 35% of eligible children attended preschools. In 1992 Armenia's largest institution of higher learning, Yerevan State University, had eighteen departments, including ones for social sciences, sciences, and law. Its faculty numbered about 1,300 teachers and its student population about 10,000 students. The National Polytechnic University of Armenia is operating since 1933.", "title": "Armenia" } ]

[ { "answer": "Henrico County", "id": 296445, "paragraph_support_idx": 10, "question": "William Selden >> place of birth", "raw_question": "William Selden >> place of birth", "statement": "William Selden was born in Henrico County." }, { "answer": "Richmond", "id": 691163, "paragraph_support_idx": 0, "question": "Henrico County >> shares border with", "raw_question": "#1 >> shares border with", "statement": "Henrico County shares a border with Richmond." }, { "answer": "24,000", "id": 39854, "paragraph_support_idx": 11, "question": "How many primary and secondary school students attend school in Richmond ?", "raw_question": "How many primary and secondary school students attend school in #2 ?", "statement": "24,000 primary and secondary school students attend school in Richmond." } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "ISO 3166-1 is part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), and defines codes for the names of countries, dependent territories, and special areas of geographical interest. The official name of the standard is \"Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions – Part 1: Country codes\". It defines three sets of country codes:", "title": "ISO 3166-1" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Västerås BK30 is a sports club in Västerås, Sweden, established on 29 November 1929 as a merger out of IK City and IK Sture and named after 1930, the year it joined the Swedish Sports Confederation. The club nowadays mostly runs soccer, earlier even bandy, handball, ice hockey, table tennis and track and field athletics.", "title": "Västerås BK30" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In Ancient Greek, the name of the city was Ἀθῆναι (Athēnai, pronounced (a. thɛ̂ː. nai̯) in Classical Attic) a plural. In earlier Greek, such as Homeric Greek, the name had been current in the singular form though, as Ἀθήνη (Athēnē). It was possibly rendered in the plural later on, like those of Θῆβαι (Thêbai) and Μυκῆναι (Μukênai). The root of the word is probably not of Greek or Indo - European origin, and is possibly a remnant of the Pre-Greek substrate of Attica. In antiquity, it was debated whether Athens took its name from its patron goddess Athena (Attic Ἀθηνᾶ, Athēnā, Ionic Ἀθήνη, Athēnē, and Doric Ἀθάνα, Athānā) or Athena took her name from the city. Modern scholars now generally agree that the goddess takes her name from the city, because the ending - ene is common in names of locations, but rare for personal names. During the medieval period, the name of the city was rendered once again in the singular as Ἀθήνα. However, after the establishment of the modern Greek state, and partly due to the conservatism of the written language, Ἀθῆναι (aˈθine) became again the official name of the city and remained so until the abandonment of Katharevousa in the 1970s, when Ἀθήνα, Athína, became the official name.", "title": "Athens" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "InFaith has its roots in the First Day Society (founded 1790). InFaith officially formed in 1817 as the “Sunday and Adult School Union.” In 1824, the organization changed its name to “American Sunday School Union” (ASSU). Then, in 1974, the ASSU changed its name to “American Missionary Fellowship.” It became \"InFaith\" on September 1, 2011.", "title": "InFaith" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Recognized for his role in the resurgence of the lightweight division, Penn is considered to have been the division's most influential figure, turning the weight class around (in bouts with Sean Sherk, Kenny Florian, Diego Sanchez, Jens Pulver, and Joe Stevenson) to become one of the UFC's most popular, at a time when they had considered disbanding the division altogether and many publications had questioned whether lighter - weights could be successful. His nickname, The Prodigy originates prior to him competing in mixed martial arts, from accomplishing his extraordinary feat in the sport of Brazilian Jiu Jitsu (earning his black belt in just under three years and winning the black belt division in the World Jiu - Jitsu Championship only three weeks later). His biography on the UFC website expressed this accomplishment as ``an astonishing achievement in a sport where it takes the average athlete ten years or more to reach black belt status.", "title": "B.J. Penn" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Black Death is thought to have originated in the dry plains of Central Asia, where it then travelled along the Silk Road, reaching Crimea by 1343. From there, it was most likely carried by Oriental rat fleas living on the black rats that were regular passengers on merchant ships. Spreading throughout the Mediterranean and Europe.", "title": "Black Death" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Hjorthagens IP is a sports ground in Stockholm, Sweden. It has been used by Djurgårdens IF FF as practice ground. and by Djurgårdens IF Handikappfotbollförening as well as Värtans IK. In the wintertime ice skating is performed there.", "title": "Hjorthagens IP" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The bandy team represented England in the 1913 European Bandy Championships in Davos, Switzerland. It was credited with winning the eight-nation tournament. At the time, bandy in England was administrated through the National Bandy Association.", "title": "England national bandy team" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Dead Celebrities\" is the eighth episode of the thirteenth season of the American animated television series \"South Park\". The 189th overall episode of the series, it originally aired on Comedy Central in the United States on October 7, 2009. In the episode, Ike is haunted by the ghosts of dead celebrities until Michael Jackson, who refuses to accept death, possesses him.", "title": "Dead Celebrities" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The first recording of \"Nutbush City Limits\" was produced by Ike Turner at his Inglewood, California facility, Bolic Sound Studio, in May 1973 and released as a single the following month by the couple under their professional name, Ike & Tina Turner. This version is characterized by inventive guitar sounds, a clavinet, a substantial synthesizer solo, and a funky brass section.", "title": "Nutbush City Limits" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 2024 Summer Olympics (French: Jeux olympiques d'été de 2024), officially known as the Games of the XXXIII Olympiad, and commonly known as Paris 2024, is a forthcoming international multi-sport event that is scheduled to take place from 26 July to 11 August 2024 in Paris, France.", "title": "2024 Summer Olympics" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Västerås IK (\"Västerås IK Hockey Klubb\") is an ice hockey club from Västerås, Sweden. The team is currently playing in the second-tier league in Sweden, Hockeyallsvenskan. Västerås IK played 12 seasons in the top Swedish league Elitserien (1988–89 to 1999–00) before the club went bankrupt and merged with the junior club (Västerås IK Ungdom), which changed name to VIK Västerås HK in 2005. In 2018, after playing a year in tier three, Hockeyettan, the club changed it name back to the old name Västerås IK.", "title": "VIK Västerås HK" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Marcano family name originated in Spain. The Italian version of this surname is ``Marciano ''. It was a military family that came to the New World with Christopher Columbus. The Family later grew and spread throughout the Caribbean, where the surname became rooted in the countries of Puerto Rico, Cuba and Venezuela (Margarita Island) and eventually Trinidad & Tobago.", "title": "Marcano" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 2028 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the XXXIV Olympiad, and commonly known as LA 2028, is a forthcoming international multi-sport event that is scheduled to take place from July 21 to August 6, 2028, in Los Angeles, California, United States.", "title": "2028 Summer Olympics" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In Ancient Greek, the name of the city was Ἀθῆναι (Athēnai, pronounced (a. thɛ̂ː. nai̯) in Classical Attic) a plural. In earlier Greek, such as Homeric Greek, the name had been current in the singular form though, as Ἀθήνη (Athēnē). It was possibly rendered in the plural later on, like those of Θῆβαι (Thêbai) and Μυκῆναι (Μukênai). The root of the word is perhaps not of Greek or Indo - European origin, and is a possible remnant of the Pre-Greek substrate of Attica, as could be the name of the goddess Athena (Attic Ἀθηνᾶ, Athēnā, Ionic Ἀθήνη, Athēnē, and Doric Ἀθάνα, Athānā), that was always related to the city of Athens. During the medieval period the name of the city was rendered once again in the singular as Ἀθήνα. However, after the establishment of the modern Greek state, and partly due to the conservatism of the written language, Ἀθῆναι (aˈθine) became again the official name of the city and remained so until the abandonment of Katharevousa in the 1970s, when Ἀθήνα, Athína, became the official name.", "title": "Athens" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Boston Terrier Boston Terrier with a black brindle coat Other names Boston Bull Boston Bull Terrier Boxwood American Gentlemen Origin The United States of America hide Traits Weight 15 -- 25 lb (7 -- 11 kg) Male 8 - 25 lb Female 6 - 22 lb Height 9 -- 15 in (23 -- 38 cm) Coat Short, smooth, & slick Color Brindle seal black with white Litter size 1 -- 6 puppies Life span 11 - 13 years hide Classification / standards FCI Group 9, Section 11 Small Molossian Dogs # 140 standard AKC Non-sporting standard ANKC Group 7 (Non-Sporting) standard CKC Group 6 - Non-Sporting standard KC (UK) Utility standard NZKC Non-sporting standard UKC Companion Breeds standard Notes State dog of Massachusetts Domestic dog (Canis lupus familiaris)", "title": "Boston Terrier" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Tariq Luqmaan Trotter (born October 3, 1971), better known as Black Thought, is an American rapper and the lead MC of the Philadelphia-based hip hop group The Roots, as well as an occasional actor. Black Thought, who co-founded The Roots with drummer Questlove (Ahmir Thompson), is widely lauded for his live performance skills, continuous multisyllabic rhyme schemes, complex lyricism, double entendres, and politically aware lyrics. With The Roots, he is a singer and rapper on \"The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon,\" frequently playing games with Fallon and his guests.", "title": "Black Thought" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Chevrolet Corvette, known colloquially as the Vette or Chevy Corvette, is a sports car manufactured by Chevrolet. The car has been produced through seven generations. The first model, a convertible, was introduced at the GM Motorama in 1953 as a concept show car. Myron Scott is credited for naming the car after the type of small, maneuverable warship called a corvette. Originally built in Flint, Michigan and St. Louis, Missouri, the Corvette is currently manufactured in Bowling Green, Kentucky and is the official sports car of the Commonwealth of Kentucky.", "title": "Chevrolet Corvette" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Gasquet (1908) claimed that the Latin name atra mors (Black Death) for the 14th-century epidemic first appeared in modern times in 1631 in a book on Danish history by J.I. Pontanus: \"Vulgo & ab effectu atram mortem vocatibant. (\"Commonly and from its effects, they called it the black death\"). The name spread through Scandinavia and then Germany, gradually becoming attached to the mid 14th-century epidemic as a proper name. In England, it was not until 1823 that the medieval epidemic was first called the Black Death.", "title": "Black Death" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "IK Tellus is a Swedish sports club, having teams in football, bandy and handball. The club is located in Tellusborg, Stockholm.", "title": "IK Tellus" } ]

[ { "answer": "bandy", "id": 536355, "paragraph_support_idx": 19, "question": "IK Tellus >> sport", "raw_question": "IK Tellus >> sport", "statement": "IK Tellus is a bandy sport club." }, { "answer": "England", "id": 213066, "paragraph_support_idx": 7, "question": "bandy >> country of origin", "raw_question": "#1 >> country of origin", "statement": "IK Tellus is a bandy club from Sweden, not England." }, { "answer": "1823", "id": 41097, "paragraph_support_idx": 18, "question": "When did the name black death officially take root in England ?", "raw_question": "When did the name black death officially take root in #2 ?", "statement": "The Black Death officially took root in England in 1348, not 1823." } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Renate Götschl (born 6 August 1975 in Judenburg, Austria) is a former champion alpine ski racer. She is a two-time individual World Champion in the combined (1997) and downhill (1999), and has won a total of 9 World Championships medals. She also won two Olympic medals in 2002, the bronze medal in downhill and the silver medal in the combined.", "title": "Renate Götschl" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Milanko Petrović (; born 21 September 1988 in Sjenica) is a Serbian biathlete who participated at the 2010 Winter Olympics, becoming the first olympic biathlete for independent Serbia. At the 2014 Winter Olympics he carried Serbian flag at the opening ceremony and competed in biathlon and cross-country skiing. He represents Serbia at the Biathlon World Championships and he is a regular participant of the Biathlon World Cup and the first ever Serb to win World Cup points. Occasionally, he competes in cross-country skiing. At the 2013 Winter Universiade he made a remarkable success by winning first ever international medals for Serbia in biathlon and cross-country skiing.", "title": "Milanko Petrović" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "A classical technique specialist, Hjelmeset's biggest success is the gold medal in the 50 km event at the FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 2007 in Sapporo. At the FIS Nordic World Ski Championships he won eight medals (all in the classical style). This includes five gold medals (50 km: 2007, 4 × 10 km relay: 2001, 2005, 2007, 2009) and three bronze medals (1999: 10 km, 2001: 15 km, and 2005: 50 km).", "title": "Odd-Bjørn Hjelmeset" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Miriam Neureuther (née Gössner; born 21 June 1990) is a German biathlete and cross-country skier. She has won an Olympic silver medal in cross-country skiing and two biathlon world championship titles, all in team events. Noted for her fast skiing performances, she won two junior world championship titles in biathlon in 2008 and 2009. Gössner was called up for the Nordic World Ski Championships 2009, where she was part of Germany's cross-country team claiming silver in the 4 × 5 kilometre relay.", "title": "Miriam Neureuther" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Karolina Chrapek (born 18 January 1990 in Würzburg, Germany) is an alpine skier representing Poland. She competed for Poland at the 2014 Winter Olympics in the alpine skiing events. She finished 17th in the combined, 33rd in the downhill and giant slalom, and failed to finish the slalom and super-G. She also competed at the FIS Alpine World Ski Championships in 2011 and 2013. In 2011, she finished 20th in the super combined, 33rd in the slalom and 34th in the super-G, while in 2013 she finished 27th in the super combined. Chrapek also competed at the 2013 Winter Universiade, where she finished second in the super-G and third in the downhill.", "title": "Karolina Chrapek" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The FIS Alpine World Ski Championships 1932 were held 4–6 February in Cortina d'Ampezzo, Italy. These were the second world championships and the combined event was added to the program. The first edition was held the prior year in Mürren, Switzerland.", "title": "FIS Alpine World Ski Championships 1932" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Arvis Liepiņš (born 18 March 1990) is a Latvian cross-country skier. He competed at the FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 2011 in Oslo, the FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 2013 in Val di Fiemme, and at the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi.", "title": "Arvis Liepiņš" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Kristin Størmer Steira (born 30 April 1981) is a retired Norwegian cross-country skier. She competed from 2002 to 2015, and won six individual World Cup victories and five individual medals at the FIS Nordic World Ski Championships and Winter Olympic Games. She also won four gold medals with the Norway relay team. In Norwegian media, Steira was dubbed \"the eternal fourth\" due to her many finishes in fourth place.", "title": "Kristin Størmer Steira" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Rank Nation Gold Silver Bronze Total Austria 8 France Italy 6 United States 0 5 Slovenia 0 6 Canada 0 0 Norway 0 0 8 Sweden 0 9 Switzerland 0 0 10 Germany 0 0 11 Croatia 0 0 Total 11 11 11 33", "title": "FIS Alpine World Ski Championships 2011" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jackie Chamoun (born October 21, 1991 in Deir el Qamar, Lebanon) is an alpine skier who began skiing at an early age in Mzaar Kfardebian, Lebanon. As of age 14, she started participating in professional skiing events (slalom and giant slalom) all around the world. She participated in FIS Alpine World Ski Championships in 2009 as well as in 2013. She has skied for Lebanon at the Winter Olympics in 2010 and 2014.", "title": "Jackie Chamoun" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Carlo Janka (born 15 October 1986) is an alpine ski racer from Switzerland. Born in Obersaxen, in the canton of Graubünden, he had the winter sports facilities right in front of his home. Janka has won gold medals at both the Winter Olympics and the World Championships, as well as one World Cup overall title, one discipline title and also, one unofficial alpine combined title.", "title": "Carlo Janka" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Juliana Felisberta da Silva (born 22 July 1983) is a Brazilian female beach volleyball player who won the silver medal in the women's beach team competition at the 2005 Beach Volleyball World Championships in Berlin, Germany and the 2009 Beach Volleyball World Championships in Stavanger, Norway, partnering Larissa França. At the 2011 Beach Volleyball World Championships they won the gold medal. At the 2012 Summer Olympics, they won the bronze medal.", "title": "Juliana Silva" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Lake Constance consists of three bodies of water: the Obersee (\"upper lake\"), the Untersee (\"lower lake\"), and a connecting stretch of the Rhine, called the Seerhein (\"Lake Rhine\"). The lake is situated in Germany, Switzerland and Austria near the Alps. Specifically, its shorelines lie in the German states of Bavaria and Baden-Württemberg, the Austrian state of Vorarlberg, and the Swiss cantons of Thurgau and St. Gallen. The Rhine flows into it from the south following the Swiss-Austrian border. It is located at approximately 47°39′N 9°19′E / 47.650°N 9.317°E / 47.650; 9.317.", "title": "Rhine" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The FIS Alpine World Ski Championships 1982 were held in Schladming, Austria, between 28 January and 7 February 1982. These were the 27th World Championships; the men's races were held at Planai and the women's at Haus im Ennstal.", "title": "FIS Alpine World Ski Championships 1982" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 1989 FIS Freestyle World Ski Championships were held between March 1st and March 5th at the Oberjoch ski resort in then-West Germany. The World Championships featured both men's and women's events in the Moguls, Aerials, Acro Skiing and the Combined.", "title": "FIS Freestyle World Ski Championships 1989" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Sara Kristiina Mustonen (23 December 1962, Rovaniemi, Finland – 12 September 1979, Hintertux, Austria) was a Finnish alpine skier. She is the youngest skier ever to win the Finnish alpine ski championship with her gold medal in the women’s slalom in 1977 when she was only 14 years old.", "title": "Sara Mustonen (skier)" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Reichart was born in Immenstadt, Germany. She participated in the Freestyle skiing at the 1988 Winter Olympics in Calgary, where freestyle skiing was a demonstration sport. In aerials she placed second with a score of 267.03. She received a silver medal for aerials at FIS Freestyle World Ski Championships 1989.", "title": "Sonja Reichart" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Eduard Alexandrovich Khrennikov (; born 19 May 1973 in Usolye-Sibirskoye) is a Russian ski-orienteering competitor and world champion, and three times winner of the overall World cup. He received a gold medal in the long course at the 2004, 2005 and 2007 World Ski Orienteering Championships, in the middle distance in 2002 and 2007, and in sprint in 2004 and 2007. He won the overall World Cup in Ski Orienteering in 2000, 2003 and 2006, and finished 3rd in 2001. Khrennikov by winning the middle distance at the 2017 Winter Military World Games in Sochi, Russia won his fifth medal in this competition. He continued winning three more gold medals there.", "title": "Eduard Khrennikov" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Lena Schöneborn (born April 11, 1986 in Troisdorf, Germany) is a German pentathlete, who won the gold medal in the Modern Pentathlon at the 2008 Summer Olympics. She is living in Berlin and besides Pentathlon she is studying Marketing. She won gold at the Women’s Final of the Modern Pentathlon European Championships 2011, held in Medway.", "title": "Lena Schöneborn" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Moonraisers are a reggae band formed in 1992 and based in Neuchâtel, Switzerland. Their style, a type of electronic reggae dubbed \"World’n’Moonstyle Reggae\", joins roots reggae with funk, world and electro elements.They are best known for composing the original version of the dance super hit, \"Rise up\". Although at the time it came out it didn't make any success, the song became a hit played in the dance clubs for months after Yves laRocke made a dance cover of it.", "title": "Moonraisers" } ]

[ { "answer": "Switzerland", "id": 107006, "paragraph_support_idx": 19, "question": "Which was the country for Moonraisers?", "raw_question": "Which was the country for Moonraisers?", "statement": "The country for Moonraisers is Switzerland." }, { "answer": "Austria", "id": 41885, "paragraph_support_idx": 12, "question": "Besides Germany and Switzerland , where else is Lake Constance?", "raw_question": "Besides Germany and #1 , where else is Lake Constance?", "statement": "Lake Constance is located in Austria, besides Germany and Switzerland." }, { "answer": "8", "id": 92594, "paragraph_support_idx": 8, "question": "how many medals did Austria win in the 2011 alpine skiing world championships", "raw_question": "how many medals did #2 win in the 2011 alpine skiing world championships", "statement": "Austria won 8 medals in the 2011 Alpine Skiing World Championships." } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Modern adult contemporary can be a variation of hot AC, and includes modern rock titles in its presentation. In 1997, Mike Marino of KMXB in Las Vegas described the format as reaching \"an audience that has outgrown the edgier hip-hop or alternative music but hasn't gotten old and sappy enough for the soft ACs.\" The format's artists included Alanis Morissette, Counting Crows, Gin Blossoms, Bon Jovi, Train, No Doubt, The Script, The Cranberries, Lifehouse, Sarah McLachlan, Sara Bareilles, John Mayer, Jewel, and Ingrid Michaelson. Unlike modern rock, which went after 18-34 men, this format appealed to women.", "title": "Adult contemporary music" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "``Way Down ''is a song recorded by Elvis Presley. Recorded in October 1976, it was his last single released before his death on August 16, 1977. The song was written by Layng Martine, Jr. and was later covered by Status Quo and Cliffhanger. Presley recorded the song at his home studio in Graceland on 29 October 1976.", "title": "Way Down" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Voice of the Cape is a Muslim community radio station based in Cape Town, South Africa. The first Muslim radio station in South Africa, the station started broadcasting on a special license in 1995 for the month of Ramadaan. Entirely community-owned and independent, its license is held by the Muslim Broadcasting Corporation.", "title": "Voice of the Cape" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "KHYM is a Christian radio station broadcasting on 103.9 FM, licensed to Copeland, Kansas and serving the areas of Dodge City, Kansas, Garden City, Kansas, and Liberal, Kansas. The station is owned by Great Plains Christian Radio. KHYM began broadcasting December 23, 1997.", "title": "KHYM" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Four major AM radio stations based in or near Ann Arbor are WAAM 1600, a conservative news and talk station; WLBY 1290, a business news and talk station; WDEO 990, Catholic radio; and WTKA 1050, which is primarily a sports station. The city's FM stations include NPR affiliate WUOM 91.7; country station WWWW 102.9; and adult-alternative station WQKL 107.1. Freeform station WCBN-FM 88.3 is a local community radio/college radio station operated by the students of the University of Michigan featuring noncommercial, eclectic music and public-affairs programming. The city is also served by public and commercial radio broadcasters in Ypsilanti, the Lansing/Jackson area, Detroit, Windsor, and Toledo.", "title": "Ann Arbor, Michigan" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "NTS (also known as NTS Radio or NTS Live) is an online radio station and media platform based in the Hackney area of London, England. The station was founded in April 2011 by Femi Adeyemi and produces a diverse range of live radio shows, digital media and live music based events. Its tag line is 'Don't Assume'.", "title": "NTS Radio" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "WERS (88.9 FM) is one of Emerson College's two radio stations (the other being campus station WECB), located in Boston, Massachusetts. Student-run and professionally managed, it serves eastern New England an eclectic mix of musical genres, and more live performances than any other station in the region. Programming features over 20 different styles of music and news, including live performances and interviews. WERS stands as the first non-commercial radio station in New England, and has been in operation since November 1949. Among the founders of the station was WEEI program director Arthur F. Edes, who first taught broadcasting courses at Emerson in 1932 and helped to plan a campus radio station. The chief architect of WERS in its early years was Professor Charles William Dudley.", "title": "WERS" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "KANW (89.1 MHz) is a radio station based in Albuquerque, New Mexico. Launched in 1951, it is the oldest FM radio station in New Mexico. KANW is a public radio station run by the Albuquerque Public Schools. For most of the day it airs New Mexico music and local public radio programming, with some NPR news programming in the morning.", "title": "KANW" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Amoeba Cleansing Syndrome is the second studio album from American R&B singer Joi. The album was set to be released in 1996, under EMI Records and promotional CD's was released to radio stations. EMI soon delayed \"Amoeba Cleansing Syndrome\" set for a later release in 1997, for more songs with commercial appeal.", "title": "Amoeba Cleansing Syndrome" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1997, Queen returned to the studio to record \"No-One but You (Only the Good Die Young)\", a song dedicated to Mercury and all those that die too soon. It was released as a bonus track on the Queen Rocks compilation album later that year. In January 1997, Queen performed \"The Show Must Go On\" live with Elton John and the Béjart Ballet in Paris on a night Mercury was remembered, and it marked the last performance and public appearance of John Deacon, who chose to retire. The Paris concert was only the second time Queen had played live since Mercury's death, prompting Elton John to urge them to perform again.", "title": "Queen (band)" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "CIMS-FM (Radio Restigouche) is a Canadian French-language community radio station operating at 103.9 MHz/FM, located in Balmoral, New Brunswick. According to the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC), the station's city of licence is Balmoral, but the Industry Canada database lists the station as being based in Campbellton.", "title": "CIMS-FM" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Tyrone ''Single by Erykah Badu from the album Live Released October 1997 Format Radio Single, Promo Recorded Genre Neo soul soul Length 3: 56 Label Kedar Records / Universal Songwriter (s) Erykah Badu, Norman`` Keys'' Hurt Producer (s) Erykah Badu Norman ``Keys ''Hurt Erykah Badu singles chronology`` Otherside of the Game'' (1997) ``Tyrone ''(1997)`` Appletree'' (1998) ``Otherside of the Game ''(1997)`` Tyrone'' (1997) ``Appletree ''(1998)", "title": "Tyrone (song)" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Live in Las Vegas is a four-disc box set by American singer and musician Elvis Presley, released in July 2001 on RCA Records, catalogue 07863 69354-2. It comprises live recordings from shows given by Presley in Las Vegas through every decade of his career.", "title": "Live in Las Vegas (Elvis Presley album)" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "WBTN-FM (94.3 FM) is a radio station licensed to Bennington, Vermont. The station is owned by Vermont Public Radio, and is an affiliate of their News and Information network. The station signed on as WHGC in 1979, airing an Adult Contemporary format. In 1990, the format was flipped to Album Rock, and the station's motto was \"The Heart of Rock\". In 1995, the format was changed to Top 40 as \"The Mix\", and the call letters were later changed to WBTN-FM in 1997. In 1999, the station was purchased by Vermont Public Radio as part of its effort to build a two-channel network. While WAMC in Albany, New York has long claimed Bennington as part of its primary coverage area, VPR's purchase of WBTN gave this part of Vermont access to Vermont-based public radio programming for the first time.", "title": "WBTN-FM" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The transmitter/studio link (or TSL) of a radio station or television station is a return link which sends telemetry data from the remotely located radio transmitter or television transmitter back to the studio for monitoring purposes. The TSL may return the same way as the studio/transmitter link (STL), or it can be embedded in the station's regular broadcast signal as a subcarrier (for analog stations) or a separate data channel (for digital stations).", "title": "Transmitter/studio link" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Other radio stations based in Mogadishu include Mustaqbal Media corporation and the Shabelle Media Network, the latter of which was in 2010 awarded the Media of the Year prize by the Paris-based journalism organisation, Reporters Without Borders (RSF). In total, about one short-wave and ten private FM radio stations broadcast from the capital, with several radio stations broadcasting from the central and southern regions.", "title": "Communications in Somalia" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "CJIQ-FM, is a Canadian radio station based in Kitchener, Ontario. It is the campus radio station of the city's Conestoga College.", "title": "CJIQ-FM" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``How Do I Live ''is a song written by Diane Warren. It was originally performed by LeAnn Rimes and the extended version of the song was later featured on her second studio album You Light Up My Life: Inspirational Songs in 1997 and later performed by Trisha Yearwood. Both versions were released on May 27, 1997.", "title": "How Do I Live" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Wooden Arms is the third album by Patrick Watson, released April 28, 2009 on Secret City Records. The album's first single, \"Tracy's Waters\", was released on March 5 and the group performed a new song, \"Beijing\", on CBC Radio's \"Q\" radio show on April 6. \"Fireweed\" was also released as a single and a music video was filmed, which features both live action and animation.", "title": "Wooden Arms" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "A neighbourhood police centre (NPC) is a mid-sized police station in Singapore, introduced in 1997 to replace the Singapore Police Force's Neighbourhood Police Post (NPP) system. Based similarly on the concepts of community policing and modelled after the kōban system in Japan, it allows for police officers on the ground to perform more duties, particularly investigative work, which was previously in the hands of division-based officers.", "title": "Neighbourhood police centre" } ]

[ { "answer": "Las Vegas", "id": 7312, "paragraph_support_idx": 0, "question": "Where was the radio station KMXB based in 1997?", "raw_question": "Where was the radio station KMXB based in 1997?", "statement": "The radio station KMXB was based in Las Vegas in 1997." }, { "answer": "Elvis Presley", "id": 830682, "paragraph_support_idx": 12, "question": "Live in Las Vegas >> performer", "raw_question": "Live in #1 >> performer", "statement": "Elvis Presley performed Live in Las Vegas." }, { "answer": "August 16, 1977", "id": 68600, "paragraph_support_idx": 1, "question": "when was way down by Elvis Presley released", "raw_question": "when was way down by #2 released", "statement": "Elvis Presley's song \"Way Down\" was released on August 16, 1977." } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Tom Truscott is an American computer scientist best known for creating Usenet with Jim Ellis, when both were graduate students at Duke University. He is also a member of ACM, IEEE, and Sigma Xi. One of his first endeavors into computers was writing a computer chess program and then later working on a global optimizer for C at Bell Labs. This computer chess program competed in multiple computer chess tournaments such as the Toronto chess tournament in 1977 (2nd place) and the Linz tournament in 1980 (3rd place). Today, Truscott works on tools that analyze software as a software developer for the SAS Institute.", "title": "Tom Truscott" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Anthropologists have most frequently employed the term 'identity' to refer to this idea of selfhood in a loosely Eriksonian way (Erikson 1972) properties based on the uniqueness and individuality which makes a person distinct from others. Identity became of more interest to anthropologists with the emergence of modern concerns with ethnicity and social movements in the 1970s. This was reinforced by an appreciation, following the trend in sociological thought, of the manner in which the individual is affected by and contributes to the overall social context. At the same time, the Eriksonian approach to identity remained in force, with the result that identity has continued until recently to be used in a largely socio-historical way to refer to qualities of sameness in relation to a person's connection to others and to a particular group of people.", "title": "Identity (social science)" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "AMA Computer College of Quezon City became AMA Computer University following the conferment of university status by the Philippine government's Commission on Higher Education (CHED) on 20 August 2001.", "title": "AMA Computer University" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Ethan studied photography and filmmaking as an undergraduate at Harvard where he met the writer/director Andrew Bujalski in an introductory film class. Ethan would later producing Bujalski's feature films, Funny Ha Ha (2003), Mutual Appreciation (2005) and Beeswax (2009) which were distributed internationally to critical acclaim. Funny Ha Ha is considered the first \"Mumblecore\" film and was recognized as one of the 10 most culturally, commercially or technologically important, consequential or groundbreaking films of 2000-9\" by A.O. Scott, a chief film critic in the New York Times.", "title": "Ethan Vogt" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Chess computers were first able to beat strong chess players in the late 1980s. Their most famous success was the victory of Deep Blue over then World Chess Champion Garry Kasparov in 1997, but there was some controversy over whether the match conditions favored the computer.", "title": "Human–computer chess matches" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "María Isabel Studer Noguez is Executive Director for Mexico and Northern Central America of The Nature Conservancy. She was Director General for International Economic Cooperation at the Mexican Agency for International Cooperation, where she launched the Partnership for Sustainability with the aim of engaging the private sector in developing public-private projects around the 2030 Sustainable Development Agenda. For almost a decade, she was a professor and researcher in international relations at the Monterrey Institute of Technology and Higher Education (Tec de Monterrey), principally working as the director of the Instituto Global para la Sostenibilidad (IGS), formerly the Centro de Diálogo y Análysis sobre América del Norte (CEDAN). She began her academic career working in international relations and has held positions in both Mexico and the United States teaching, researching, advising and writing on topics related to international relations, especially in North America, business and environmental issues. Her publications include books, scholarly articles as well as articles and columns for various media.", "title": "María Isabel Studer Noguez" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Kasparov Chessmate is a chess-playing computer program by The Learning Company for which Garry Kasparov is co-credited as game designer. Kasparov also makes an appearance as the last computer profile which has to be defeated in order to win the \"Kasparov Chess Club\" tournament.", "title": "Kasparov Chessmate" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Hans Jack Berliner (January 27, 1929 – January 13, 2017) was a Professor of Computer Science at Carnegie Mellon University, and was the World Correspondence Chess Champion, from 1965–1968. He was a Grandmaster of Correspondence Chess. He directed the construction of the chess computer HiTech, and was also a published chess writer.", "title": "Hans Berliner" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Humphrey Ernest Bowman (26 July 1879 – 23 March 1965) worked in the Education Departments in the British Protectorates in Egypt from 1903 to 1911 and Sudan from 1911 to 1913. He served in the British Army from 1914 to 1918. He became Director of Education in Mesopotamia in August 1918, and left in August 1920 to return to Egypt. Subsequently he became Director of Education in Palestine.", "title": "Humphrey Bowman" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Most textbooks date the establishment of the ``Publicity Bureau ''in 1900 as the start of the modern public relations (PR) profession. Of course, there were many early forms of public influence and communications management in history. Basil Clarke is considered the founder of the public relations profession in Britain with his establishment of Editorial Services in 1924. Academic Noel Turnball points out that systematic PR was employed in Britain first by religious evangelicals and Victorian reformers, especially opponents of slavery. In each case the early promoters focused on their particular movement and were not for hire more generally.", "title": "History of public relations" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Apple Inc., formerly Apple Computer, Inc., is a multinational corporation that creates consumer electronics, personal computers, servers, and computer software, and is a digital distributor of media content. The company also has a chain of retail stores known as Apple Stores. Apple's core product lines are the iPhone smart phone, iPad tablet computer, iPod portable media players, and Macintosh computer line. Founders Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak created Apple Computer on April 1, 1976, and incorporated the company on January 3, 1977, in Cupertino, California.", "title": "History of Apple Inc." }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The term ``collective bargaining ''was first used in 1891 by Beatrice Webb, a founder of the field of industrial relations in Britain. It refers to the sort of collective negotiations and agreements that had existed since the rise of trade unions during the 18th century.", "title": "Collective bargaining" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Battle vs. Chess is a computer simulation game of chess developed by Targem Games and Zuxxez Entertainment and published by TopWare Interactive. It was released on May 17, 2011 for PC (Windows and Mac), PlayStation 3, PlayStation Portable, Nintendo DS, Xbox 360 and Wii in Europe.", "title": "Battle vs. Chess" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "1974 saw the introduction of what is considered by many to be the first true ``personal computer '', the Altair 8800 created by Micro Instrumentation and Telemetry Systems (MITS). Based on the 8 - bit Intel 8080 Microprocessor, the Altair is widely recognized as the spark that ignited the microcomputer revolution as the first commercially successful personal computer. The computer bus designed for the Altair was to become a de facto standard in the form of the S - 100 bus, and the first programming language for the machine was Microsoft's founding product, Altair BASIC.", "title": "Personal computer" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Computer Chess is a 2013 independent comedy-drama film written and directed by Andrew Bujalski. The film premiered at the 2013 Sundance Film Festival, where it won the Alfred P. Sloan Feature Film Prize, and subsequently screened at such festivals as South by Southwest and the Maryland Film Festival.", "title": "Computer Chess (film)" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Chess is a leading sport in Israel and is enjoyed by people of all ages. There are many Israeli grandmasters and Israeli chess players have won a number of youth world championships. Israel stages an annual international championship and hosted the World Team Chess Championship in 2005. The Ministry of Education and the World Chess Federation agreed upon a project of teaching chess within Israeli schools, and it has been introduced into the curriculum of some schools. The city of Beersheba has become a national chess center, with the game being taught in the city's kindergartens. Owing partly to Soviet immigration, it is home to the largest number of chess grandmasters of any city in the world. The Israeli chess team won the silver medal at the 2008 Chess Olympiad and the bronze, coming in third among 148 teams, at the 2010 Olympiad. Israeli grandmaster Boris Gelfand won the Chess World Cup in 2009 and the 2011 Candidates Tournament for the right to challenge the world champion. He only lost the World Chess Championship 2012 to reigning world champion Anand after a speed-chess tie breaker.[citation needed]", "title": "Israel" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The history of the personal computer as a mass - market consumer electronic device began with the microcomputer revolution of the 1980s. The 1981 launch of the IBM Personal Computer coined both the term Personal Computer and PC. A personal computer is one intended for interactive individual use,, as opposed to a mainframe computer where the end user's requests are filtered through operating staff, or a time - sharing system in which one large processor is shared by many individuals. After the development of the microprocessor, individual personal computers were low enough in cost that they eventually became affordable consumer goods. Early personal computers -- generally called microcomputers -- were sold often in electronic kit form and in limited numbers, and were of interest mostly to hobbyists and technicians.", "title": "History of personal computers" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Born in Argentina, he emigrated in 1964 to Puerto Rico, where he was raised and studied, and then later in his life to the United States, where he works for Autodesk. Earlier in his career, In the 1980s he programmed dedicated chess computers for SciSys and Saitek. In the early 90s he collaborated on the chess program Socrates.", "title": "Julio Kaplan" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Edward Louis Bernays (/ bərˈneɪz /; German: (bɛɐ̯ˈnaɪs); November 22, 1891 − March 9, 1995) was an Austrian - American pioneer in the field of public relations and propaganda, referred to in his obituary as ``the father of public relations ''. Bernays was named one of the 100 most influential Americans of the 20th century by Life. He was the subject of a full length biography by Larry Tye called The Father of Spin (1999) and later an award - winning 2002 documentary for the BBC by Adam Curtis called The Century of the Self. More recently, Bernays is noted as the great - uncle of Netflix co-founder, Marc Randolph.", "title": "Edward Bernays" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Phil Husbands (born 27 June, 1961) is a professor of computer science and artificial intelligence at the English University of Sussex, situated next to the East Sussex village of Falmer, within the city of Brighton and Hove. He is head of the Evolutionary and Adaptive Systems group and co-director of the Centre for Computational Neuroscience and Robotics (CCNR). Husbands is also one of the founders of the field of evolutionary robotics.", "title": "Phil Husbands" } ]

[ { "answer": "Andrew Bujalski", "id": 835672, "paragraph_support_idx": 14, "question": "Computer Chess >> director", "raw_question": "Computer Chess >> director", "statement": "Andrew Bujalski, the director of Computer Chess, dropped out of the university." }, { "answer": "Harvard", "id": 490280, "paragraph_support_idx": 3, "question": "Andrew Bujalski >> educated at", "raw_question": "#1 >> educated at", "statement": "Andrew Bujalski, the director of Computer Chess, was educated at Harvard." }, { "answer": "Basil Clarke", "id": 85185, "paragraph_support_idx": 9, "question": "who dropped out of Harvard and became the person many refer to as the founder of public relations", "raw_question": "who dropped out of #2 and became the person many refer to as the founder of public relations", "statement": "Basil Clarke dropped out of Harvard and became the person many refer to as the founder of public relations." } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Chipping Norton is a suburb of Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. Chipping Norton is 27 kilometres south-west of the Sydney central business district, in the local government area of the City of Liverpool and is part of the Greater Western Sydney region", "title": "Chipping Norton, New South Wales" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Burnt Norton is the first poem of T. S. Eliot's \"Four Quartets\". He created it while working on his play \"Murder in the Cathedral\" and it was first published in his \"Collected Poems 1909–1935\" (1936). The poem's title refers to a Cotswolds manor house Eliot visited. The manor's garden served as an important image within the poem. Structurally, the poem is based on Eliot's \"The Waste Land\" with passages of the poem related to those excised from \"Murder in the Cathedral\".", "title": "Burnt Norton" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Norton Reservoir is a lake/reservoir/pond within the towns of Norton and Mansfield, in southeastern Massachusetts. The Rumford River empties out into the reservoir.", "title": "Norton Reservoir" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "W.W. Norton & Company is an American publishing company based in New York City. It has been owned wholly by its employees since the early 1960s. The company is known for its ``Norton Anthologies ''(particularly The Norton Anthology of English Literature) and its texts in the Norton Critical Editions series, the latter of which are frequently assigned in university literature courses.", "title": "W. W. Norton & Company" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Well - known Missourians include U.S. President Harry S. Truman, Mark Twain, Walt Disney, Chuck Berry and Nelly. Some of the largest companies based in the state include Cerner, Express Scripts, Monsanto, Emerson Electric, Edward Jones, H&R Block, Wells Fargo Advisors and O'Reilly Auto Parts. Missouri has been called the ``Mother of the West ''and the`` Cave State''; however, Missouri's most famous nickname is the ``Show Me State '', as Missourians are known for being skeptical.", "title": "Missouri" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bering Sea Gold (also known as Gold Divers in the UK) is a reality television series set in Nome, Alaska, on Norton Sound, that airs on Discovery Channel. It is from the creators of the \"Deadliest Catch\" reality TV show. It achieved the 3rd highest ratings for a Friday cable telecast.", "title": "Bering Sea Gold" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The United Kingdom and Ireland have separate media, although British television, newspapers and magazines are widely available in Ireland, giving people in Ireland a high level of familiarity with cultural matters in the United Kingdom. Irish newspapers are also available in the UK, and Irish state and private television is widely available in Northern Ireland.[citation needed] Certain reality TV shows have embraced the whole of the islands, for example The X Factor, seasons 3, 4 and 7 of which featured auditions in Dublin and were open to Irish voters, whilst the show previously known as Britain's Next Top Model became Britain and Ireland's Next Top Model in 2011. A few cultural events are organised for the island group as a whole. For example, the Costa Book Awards are awarded to authors resident in the UK or Ireland. The Man Booker Prize is awarded to authors from the Commonwealth of Nations and Ireland. The Mercury Music Prize is handed out every year to the best album from a British or Irish musician or group.", "title": "British Isles" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The T. S. Eliot Prize for Poetry is awarded annually by Truman State University, which is a United States university located in Missouri. First awarded in 1997, the prize is given \"for the best unpublished book-length collection of poetry in English, in honor of native Missourian T. S. Eliot’s considerable intellectual and artistic legacy\". Eliot won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1948. The prize includes publication of the collection as well as a purse of $2000. Poets submit their unpublished collections to Truman State University Press for each year's competition. A well-known poet is chosen each year to judge the collections, and to select the winner and several finalists.", "title": "T. S. Eliot Prize (Truman State University)" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Graham Norton Show is a British comedy chat show presented by Graham Norton. It was initially broadcast on BBC Two, from 22 February 2007, before moving to BBC One in October 2009. It currently airs on Friday evenings, and is usually repeated a few nights later.", "title": "The Graham Norton Show" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "So Graham Norton is a British television chat show hosted by Irish personality Graham Norton. It aired on Channel 4 from 3 July 1998 to 1 March 2002.", "title": "So Graham Norton" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Burnt House is an unincorporated community in Ritchie County, West Virginia, United States. Burnt House is located on West Virginia Route 47 and Grassy Run south-southeast of Harrisville. The Burnt House Post Office closed 5/23/1986.", "title": "Burnt House, West Virginia" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Born in Bennington, Vermont, Norton attended Bennington Academy and was graduated from Williams College, Williamstown, Massachusetts, in 1835. Norton was a charter member of The Kappa Alpha Society and was awarded membership in Phi Beta Kappa. For four years he taught high school in Virginia and Missouri and then moved to Illinois where he studied law. He was admitted to the bar in 1840 and began practice in Joliet. Norton was a Probate Judge in 1846. He served as member of the state constitutional convention in 1847 and served as member of the Illinois House of Representatives in 1851 and 1852.", "title": "Jesse O. Norton" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Ernest Hemingway House, officially known as the Ernest Hemingway Home & Museum, was the residence of author Ernest Hemingway in Key West, Florida, United States. It is located at 907 Whitehead Street, across from the Key West lighthouse, close to the Southern coast of the island. On November 24, 1968, it was designated a U.S. National Historic Landmark.", "title": "Ernest Hemingway House" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Paul Ross, better known by the pseudonym Ross Jeffries, is an American author, writer and television personality featured on such programs as \"The Dr. Phil Show\", \"The Montel Williams Show\", \"The Jane Whitney Show\" and \"The Daily Show\", and a self-described speed seduction expert.", "title": "Ross Jeffries" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ryan McLachlan is a fictional character from the Australian soap opera \"Neighbours\", played by Richard Norton. He made his first screen appearance on 15 February 1990 and remained on the show until 21 March 1991.", "title": "Ryan McLachlan" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Twycross Zoo was established by Molly Badham and Nathalie Evans in 1963. The pair had been looking for a suitable site to expand their zoological collection, having outgrown their original site at Hints, Staffordshire where they had set up Hints Zoological Gardens in 1954. The zoo was initially based at the former rectory in the village of Norton Juxta Twycross. Having long since ceased functioning as a rectory, the house became a private residence known as Norton Grange. Badham and Evans converted the 12 acres of gardens, outbuildings, stables and farm buildings into a zoo.", "title": "Twycross Zoo" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Burnt River is a hamlet located in the middle of the former Township of Somerville, in the City of Kawartha Lakes, Ontario, Canada. The community is on the Burnt River.", "title": "Burnt River, Ontario" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Burnt Oak is a London Underground station in Burnt Oak, north London, on Watling Avenue, off the A5 (the Edgware Road, originally a Roman Road known as Watling Street). The station is on the Edgware branch of the Northern line, between Edgware and Colindale stations, and in Travelcard Zone 4.", "title": "Burnt Oak tube station" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Manuel Andrack (born June 23, 1965 in Cologne) is a German journalist, television show editor, television host and author. He is most well known for his role as the \"sidekick\" in the popular \"Harald Schmidt Show\".", "title": "Manuel Andrack" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In the Valley of the Kings: Stories is a collection of short stories by the American author, doctor and former professor Terrence Holt. It was published on September 14, 2009 by W. W. Norton & Company.", "title": "In the Valley of the Kings" } ]

[ { "answer": "T. S. Eliot", "id": 342988, "paragraph_support_idx": 1, "question": "Burnt Norton >> author", "raw_question": "Burnt Norton >> author", "statement": "T. S. Eliot, the author of Burnt Norton, did not live in the Show Me State." }, { "answer": "Missouri", "id": 500985, "paragraph_support_idx": 7, "question": "T. S. Eliot >> residence", "raw_question": "#1 >> residence", "statement": "T.S. Eliot, the author of Burnt Norton, lived in Missouri." }, { "answer": "Missourians are known for being skeptical.", "id": 63942, "paragraph_support_idx": 4, "question": "Missouri is known as the show me state", "raw_question": "#2 is known as the show me state", "statement": "Missourians are known for being skeptical, which is why Missouri is known as the Show Me State." } ]

[]