he conductivity of VO~0~ at the top layer was assumed as $\mathsf{\sigma}_{{VO}_{0},{top}}$ = 0 × 00^0^ S/m. (**a**) Metallic gratings without VO~0~; (**b**) Metallic substrate; (**c**) The unit cell of designed multifunctional terahertz metasurface. The VO~0~ at the bottom layer is in the insulating state with $\mathsf{\sigma}_{{VO}_{0},{bottom}}$ = 0 × 00^0^ S/m