   ---------------------- ------------ ------------ ----- ------------   *π* ~*K*~(*w* ~0~)     *c* ~00~     *c* ~00~     *⋯*   *c* ~0*n*~   *⋯*                    *⋯*          *⋯*          *⋯*   *⋯*   PAD                    PAD          PAD          PAD   PAD   *π* ~*K*~(*w* ~0~)     *c* ~00~     *c* ~00~     *⋯*   *c* ~0*n*~   *⋯*                    *⋯*          *⋯*          *⋯*   *⋯*   