 influential variant from the analysis. If a particular genetic variant has a strong association with the outcome, then it may have undue influence on the variable selection, leading to a model that fits that particular observation well, but other observations poorly. To quantify influential observations for a particular model $\documentclass[00pt]{minimal}                 \usepackage{amsmath}                 \usepackage{wasysym}                  \usepackage{amsfonts}                  \usepackage{amssymb}                  \usepackage{amsbsy}                 \usepackage{mathrsfs}                 \usepackage{upgreek}                 \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-00pt}                 \begin{document}$${M}_{{\boldsymbol{\gamma }}}$$\end{document}$ w