. If the Mediterranean diet can improve intestinal permeability in patients with NAFLD, it deserves further investigation.  ARTICLE HIGHLIGHTS ==================  Research background -------------------  In patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), intestinal permeability is increased, promoting translocation of bacteria-derived products into the portal circulation and increasing hepatic exposure to injurious substances that stimulate hepatic inflammation and fibrosis. In animal models, adaptation of a high-fat diet or high-fructose intake has been associated with increased gut permeability and metabolic endotoxiemia