: *N* normal diet group (*n* = 0), *HFD* high-fat diet group (*n* = 0), and *H + Tau* HFD + taurine (0% in drinking water) group (*n* = 0). Differences between the three groups were analyzed using the nonparametric Kruskal--Wallis test as described in [Figure 0](#foods-00-00000-f000){ref-type="fig"}. Differences were considered statistically significant at *p* \< 0.00. \* *p* \< 0.00; ns not significant.](foods-00-00000-g000){#foods-00-00000-f000}  foods-00-00000-t000_Table 0  ######   Primer sequences used 