Split (1)

test · 94 rows

duration float64 129 7.71k	text stringlengths 1.63k 78.4k	norm_text stringlengths 1.62k 77k	link stringlengths 43 43
2,738.050625	the big one the Bromley one going over yellow [Music] Oh inaudible she looks watching morning ladies and gents Boise gross welcome on board the curvature as we depart the key name we have to do routine safety announcement as requested by the Department of Transport situated Frank the boats life-saving equipment top deck of the boat we have buoyancy aids turned in lifejacket lockers what's on the top deck and side of the ham rails into yourself raising eyebrows and lower deck additional buoyancy aids stated lifejacket in lockers as well this morning will be taken the channel of the western reaches a pool Harbor upon entering the river Frome rubbing in Wareham right about now from Maine as we make our way up the western reaches pointing out a few places of interest as we go along very very shortly should anybody like in refreshments serving teas coffees other odds and ends on the lower deck just inside the boats just announced notice smoking throughout the boat and there is a small choices on the lower deck close to the bar if anybody has any questions or queries please don't hesitate come up as big money's mat and the crumb board today is steam now we got a quite a fresh jump site theses to the wind in the harbor here today little bit of Chopin but once we turn and head up to the west of this wind or behind us [Applause] [Music] before never [Music] they speak [Music] oh yes [Music] a lot of white noise [Applause] [Music] [Applause] [Music] my wife [Music] and there's a carrot there as well you can see the beach huts along the shoreline well that's hammer the park this is a very popular area where the Luke was during the summer months further along from Han Park you'll see the starters and properties here this area is called Brinkley Avenue becoming a sought-after area to live in and actually hi surprises here on the shores of Hamady are slowly catching up in value with the houses then it's sandbanks nice sandbanks is at the other end of Pearl Harbor also known as a Golden Mile but coming back to these particular properties here on the shores of hammer thee is quite common these days let's when they actually come up for sale and change hands the new owners have them demolished a perfectly fine house and then have purpose-built ones to the rent design and as you'll see here today several modern style properties name appearing Balaji words are happening so camp AK thing behind us these are the properties that bring up in Dorset link the oppositely saw active action during the war but in later here's a good part of dorsal lake shipyard was made redundant and in turn it was snapped up by developers they build this complex on the shores a hammer the renamed in the area or a cone iam keen and the properties that meconium have access to their own private Rina and you'll see in a few moments once you get a little closer the owner is literally have their own yachts in boats moored just outside different doors [Music] the very first entrance leads into the right private Rena and as you can see there today the owner is literally have their own yachts and boats moored just outside their front doors and all the remains of Dorset Lakes shipyard today is behind this would it break water coming up on the right which is nice sorry used as a small yacht a bit convenient further along next door to door selling we have parts of the Royal Marine space this is Erin fitness training center on the shores of empathy and this was no what sorry formally named HMS turtle during the Second World War I'm still the Shah is a hammer the ahead of the boats your CEO Jeff T or appear coming into the channel there this is called link side or link appear once again is a very popular area for the locals during the summer months and as you can see there this morning quite a few cars and one or two camper vans parked in from the pier on the shoreline which I believe up until last year was probably the last remaining place in poor Mackenzie Park free of charge and if you can get the local authorities of night introduce practice charges sorry three or four more properties on the right there is a white one there in a box of fruit trees with the the blue tiled roof is called the boathouse little bit of history inside of the boathouse some of the rooms are fitted eight his cabins and came out to the Mauretania the Mauritania was a cruise ship built for the wine star line rendered by 1906 she held the Blue Ribbon award between Southampton and New York at the time was commandeered during the First World War used as a hospital Antrim carrier but at random in 1935 the Mauritania saw the end of her life went to the scrapyard and a lot of the furnishings and fixtures went to auction and as I say some of the rooms in that house there our fitted ain't his cabins it came out of that ship and actually the old boathouse is open to the public now it's literally just one or two days every year and I believe it's Dorset and Heritage Week and still looking over on the right and two doors to the right of the boathouse the property there with flat roofs well that's been recently completed in the last eight weeks and that plot has been empty at least for the last six years or so it's been up for sale with planning permission now that changed hands just after Christmas of this year and the plot alone sold for 1.3 million things [Applause] once against your hammer thee to the right some play clip sir just the other side of the hill is an old disused quarry this night literally fill the rain water a very deep freshwater lake well that's no no cord blue pool for the load cause but not to be mixed up with blue poor mr. Stein's soda wearer and further or not from the clay cliffs I think there's a possibility of and they're parked up on top of the hillside well that's area is called ahem comment that is a fantastic viewpoint from that location looking over this part of Pearl Harbor and further along from hand common you can see the started some holiday homes there close to those fir trees well that's called Rock Lee's sense or Rock Lee holiday park that's a huge holiday complex just a sort of pool and I believe there's over a thousand terms on that side name but of course Justin once again through the the Second World War the poor villagers remind were evacuated by the Ministry of Defense it was then taken over by the Royal Artillery it had several anti-aircraft guns placed in that area now well little got me [Music] Cheers right the hopper and they can run the dolphin three into any one of the local marinas that we have here in port lower the door nine from the side of the vessel level with the pontoons and that's neighborhoods and approach the wheelchairs on them but now I believe the dolphin threes crude entirely by volunteers [Music] acres well did the harvest a very large Harbor we only have four small rivers fled to the harbor itself earlier I'm trying to point Titans and roughly point I said there was a railway embankment in everyway bridge with the logics the Mormon begin us the Waterpik tonight [Music] she is saying that come under the jurisdiction of what was the National River Authority which is now called the environmental agency they impose a four knots speed limits on the river here today actually several good reasons for this now looking on either side of the boats you can see the huge expanse arene beds this is a bunny ball habitat to the wildlife and nesting birds in the area by both going too fast they can cause a lot of wash a lot of waves behind the boat I didn't turn this with damage this preventable habitat also like causing a lot of wash over a period of time could cause erosion to the riverbanks and slowly silt up the river front another banded reason for the low speed limit on the river here today as you see as we slowly make our way up to where we have to navigate several blind corners a new kinetic but in the last several years have been excavating sand and gravel from the site around about a thousand sons came out each week that was used locally and before they carried out the extraction also did a archeological dig on the site and then cover it and find thesis of pottery which are dated is far back as the artists to get your bearings again that's the parish church ladies of Mary now ahead of the boats as listed on the key side of we're up and the line hills are wait the parish church Elise and Mary again it appears some husband [Music] laughs mark and you make a web the center for harper also many years ago these sandstone was created from the face of the clinton ER been passing on the left and she drive down to them once you go through these small market-town aware up and cross the flood a rich worth and also these small village in a time also here at Red Cliff Lee have their own Yacht Club and this is their Clubhouse the wooded building coming up around the next corner they don't stop and as I sing earlier the liner heels away to the left of the Purbeck hills they stretch for some 24 that's a taxi in the butcher's anything yeah find a very very short a night now imagine many of you be looking around or visiting some of the small shops cafes of a firm today thing a Saturday is the weekly farmers market on the new site where we'll be stopping but this next property on the right is called the Priory the Priory is an early 16th century building which was for me the home of a monastery they called the Priory Hotel which is probably the most exclusive hotel and restaurants in Wareham today and once we go past this hedgerow on the right you'll see the well-kept manicured lawns stretching down through the hotel we went to anybody no do you know name is anybody okay no one name is anybody as I saying that is where a bridge ahead of the boat stopping on the key side but very very shortly now just to give you time to choke before we get a lot of sign to literally just gone 12 o'clock just a few minutes passage well now if we could have your back on them bones or the boat will be leaving at 20 plus one and that will get us back to porky tad and pass to now once you get an upside to clear where I'm offloading from the lower deck of the boat at the four dens there's a sharp end start hands like please bear with us for a minute - tumors and we feature we have about 640 board now failure right every day [Music] you're lucky people see you next time round on play looking sunny weather Charlie's unhappy seven go [Music] I was again good afternoon ladies gents welcome back on board the curving Jim I would do the visit up to where pertinent today return journey just over the air back alongside a key for anybody to pass to as we get closer to the commercial doctor report pointing out a few other odds and ends before we finish this afternoon and once again shoot anybody like refreshments being served on the lower [Music] [Applause] [Music] yeah [Music] by four minutes all right we go up then [Music] yeah look like yeah [Music] yes - oh poor thing ooh Anna unfortunate Big Brother event [Music] who's in the water the surveillance [Music] be honest with each other for a transport train toilet one time belong to a local builder Harry Power listed in the family the kind of day stupid stuff there are other properties on Rhode Island one of which is occupied there and the next ship is all of them the battery I'm sorry motorbike [Music] that's the shape on the messages my buddy Michael [Music] the next two ships on the left there waiting to reload it's not be this time of the year right about the harvest time we enter supports rapeseed from tall nothing goes across the channel to France and as you see an array of different size boats in and out of the water ahead of us mate we have poor bridge the other side of poor bridge there is another big bay called whole thing boys are the headquarters of the RN alliance that's the Royal National Lifeboat institution up in hopes think they have the mean Diplo and then carry aims with other the career training and seeds but as we get closer to the lifting bridge shooting on the edge of the key there that's possible classified station the harbor cottages services Green under the last up they are denied housing delivery of a brand-new 1338 that pastors need to ensure lifeboats on the right-hand side I may be curious prices in the Sun secretly reduce careful that's here but 99% of empire is a company established over 40 years ago when two little men two brothers with the braithwaite's in the early years was actually called for paradise something outside budget TV just stay seated yeah but that's repentance until we aren't security boards	the big one the bromley one going over yellow 0 inaudible she looks watching morning ladies and gents boise gross welcome on board the curvature as we depart the key name we have to do routine safety announcement as requested by the department of transport situated frank the boats life saving equipment top deck of the boat we have buoyancy aids turned in lifejacket lockers what is on the top deck and side of the ham rails into yourself raising eyebrows and lower deck additional buoyancy aids stated lifejacket in lockers as well this morning will be taken the channel of the western reaches a pool harbor upon entering the river frome rubbing in wareham right about now from maine as we make our way up the western reaches pointing out a few places of interest as we go along very very shortly should anybody like in refreshments serving teas coffees other odds and ends on the lower deck just inside the boats just announced notice smoking throughout the boat and there is a small choices on the lower deck close to the bar if anybody has any questions or queries please do not hesitate come up as big money is mat and the crumb board today is steam now we got a quite a fresh jump site theses to the wind in the harbor here today little bit of chopin but once we turn and head up to the west of this wind or behind us before never they speak 0 yes a lot of white noise my wife and there is a carrot there as well you can see the beach huts along the shoreline well that is hammer the park this is a very popular area where the luke was during the summer months further along from han park you will see the starters and properties here this area is called brinkley avenue becoming a sought after area to live in and actually hi surprises here on the shores of hamady are slowly catching up in value with the houses then it is sandbanks nice sandbanks is at the other end of pearl harbor also known as a golden mile but coming back to these particular properties here on the shores of hammer thee is quite common these days let us when they actually come up for sale and change hands the new owners have them demolished a perfectly fine house and then have purpose built ones to the rent design and as you will see here today several modern style properties name appearing balaji words are happening so camp ak thing behind us these are the properties that bring up in dorset link the oppositely saw active action during the war but in later here is a good part of dorsal lake shipyard was made redundant and in turn it was snapped up by developers they build this complex on the shores a hammer the renamed in the area or a cone iam keen and the properties that meconium have access to their own private rina and you will see in a few moments once you get a little closer the owner is literally have their own yachts in boats moored just outside different doors the very 1st entrance leads into the right private rena and as you can see there today the owner is literally have their own yachts and boats moored just outside their front doors and all the remains of dorset lakes shipyard today is behind this would it break water coming up on the right which is nice sorry used as a small yacht a bit convenient further along next door to door selling we have parts of the royal marine space this is erin fitness training center on the shores of empathy and this was no what sorry formally named hms turtle during the 2nd world war i am still the shah is a hammer the ahead of the boats your ceo jeff t or appear coming into the channel there this is called link side or link appear once again is a very popular area for the locals during the summer months and as you can see there this morning quite a few cars and one or 2 camper vans parked in from the pier on the shoreline which i believe up until last year was probably the last remaining place in poor mackenzie park free of charge and if you can get the local authorities of night introduce practice charges sorry 3 or 4 more properties on the right there is a white one there in a box of fruit trees with the the blue tiled roof is called the boathouse little bit of history inside of the boathouse some of the rooms are fitted 8 his cabins and came out to the mauretania the mauritania was a cruise ship built for the wine star line rendered by 1906 she held the blue ribbon award between southampton and new york at the time was commandeered during the 1st world war used as a hospital antrim carrier but at random in 1935 the mauritania saw the end of her life went to the scrapyard and a lot of the furnishings and fixtures went to auction and as i say some of the rooms in that house there our fitted aint his cabins it came out of that ship and actually the old boathouse is open to the public now it is literally just one or 2 days every year and i believe it is dorset and heritage week and still looking over on the right and 2 doors to the right of the boathouse the property there with flat roofs well that has been recently completed in the last 8 weeks and that plot has been empty at least for the last 6 years or so it has been up for sale with planning permission now that changed hands just after christmas of this year and the plot alone sold for 1300000 things once against your hammer thee to the right some play clip sir just the other side of the hill is an old disused quarry this night literally fill the rain water a very deep freshwater lake well that is no no cord blue pool for the load cause but not to be mixed up with blue poor mister stein is soda wearer and further or not from the clay cliffs i think there is a possibility of and they are parked up on top of the hillside well that is area is called ahem comment that is a fantastic viewpoint from that location looking over this part of pearl harbor and further along from hand common you can see the started some holiday homes there close to those fir trees well that is called rock lee is sense or rock lee holiday park that is a huge holiday complex just a sort of pool and i believe there is over a 1000 terms on that side name but of course justin once again through the the 2nd world war the poor villagers remind were evacuated by the ministry of defense it was then taken over by the royal artillery it had several anti aircraft guns placed in that area now well little got me cheers right the hopper and they can run the dolphin 3 into any one of the local marinas that we have here in port lower the door 9 from the side of the vessel level with the pontoons and that is neighborhoods and approach the wheelchairs on them but now i believe the dolphin 3s crude entirely by volunteers acres well did the harvest a very large harbor we only have 4 small rivers fled to the harbor itself earlier i am trying to point titans and roughly point i said there was a railway embankment in everyway bridge with the logics the mormon begin us the waterpik tonight she is saying that come under the jurisdiction of what was the national river authority which is now called the environmental agency they impose a 4 knots speed limits on the river here today actually several good reasons for this now looking on either side of the boats you can see the huge expanse arene beds this is a bunny ball habitat to the wildlife and nesting birds in the area by both going too fast they can cause a lot of wash a lot of waves behind the boat i did not turn this with damage this preventable habitat also like causing a lot of wash over a period of time could cause erosion to the riverbanks and slowly silt up the river front another banded reason for the low speed limit on the river here today as you see as we slowly make our way up to where we have to navigate several blind corners a new kinetic but in the last several years have been excavating sand and gravel from the site around about a 1000 sons came out each week that was used locally and before they carried out the extraction also did a archaeological dig on the site and then cover it and find thesis of pottery which are dated is far back as the artists to get your bearings again that is the parish church ladies of mary now ahead of the boats as listed on the key side of we are up and the line hills are wait the parish church elise and mary again it appears some husband laughs mark and you make a web the center for harper also many years ago these sandstone was created from the face of the clinton er been passing on the left and she drive down to them once you go through these small market town aware up and cross the flood a rich worth and also these small village in a time also here at red cliff lee have their own yacht club and this is their clubhouse the wooded building coming up around the next corner they do not stop and as i sing earlier the liner heels away to the left of the purbeck hills they stretch for some 24 that is a taxi in the butcher is anything yeah find a very very short a night now imagine many of you be looking around or visiting some of the small shops cafes of a firm today thing a saturday is the weekly farmers market on the new site where we will be stopping but this next property on the right is called the priory the priory is an early 16th century building which was for me the home of a monastery they called the priory hotel which is probably the most exclusive hotel and restaurants in wareham today and once we go past this hedgerow on the right you will see the well kept manicured lawns stretching down through the hotel we went to anybody no do you know name is anybody okay no one name is anybody as i saying that is where a bridge ahead of the boat stopping on the key side but very very shortly now just to give you time to choke before we get a lot of sign to literally just gone 120 clock just a few minutes passage well now if we could have your back on them bones or the boat will be leaving at 21 and that will get us back to porky tad and pass to now once you get an upside to clear where i am offloading from the lower deck of the boat at the 4 dens there is a sharp end start hands like please bear with us for a minute tumors and we feature we have about 640 board now failure right every day you are lucky people see you next time round on play looking sunny weather charlie is unhappy 7 go i was again good afternoon ladies gents welcome back on board the curving jim i would do the visit up to where pertinent today return journey just over the air back alongside a key for anybody to pass to as we get closer to the commercial doctor report pointing out a few other odds and ends before we finish this afternoon and once again shoot anybody like refreshments being served on the lower yeah by 4 minutes all right we go up then yeah look like yeah yes 0 poor thing ooh anna unfortunate big brother event who is in the water the surveillance be honest with each other for a transport train toilet one time belong to a local builder harry power listed in the family the kind of day stupid stuff there are other properties on rhode island one of which is occupied there and the next ship is all of them the battery i am sorry motorbike that is the shape on the messages my buddy michael the next 2 ships on the left there waiting to reload it is not be this time of the year right about the harvest time we enter supports rapeseed from tall nothing goes across the channel to france and as you see an array of different size boats in and out of the water ahead of us mate we have poor bridge the other side of poor bridge there is another big bay called whole thing boys are the headquarters of the rn alliance that is the royal national lifeboat institution up in hopes think they have the mean diplo and then carry aims with other the career training and seeds but as we get closer to the lifting bridge shooting on the edge of the key there that is possible classified station the harbor cottages services green under the last up they are denied housing delivery of a brand new 1338 that pastors need to ensure lifeboats on the right hand side i may be curious prices in the sun secretly reduce careful that is here but 99% of empire is a company established over 40 years ago when 2 little men 2 brothers with the braithwaite is in the early years was actually called for paradise something outside budget tv just stay seated yeah but that is repentance until we are not security boards	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PM_O1cxCdxc
2,162.706563	hey Chapel Street Church family I'm excited to tell you about our next generosity initiative as you probably know every year in Advent season during Christmas we select a serve the world partner to tell you their story to pray for them and to encourage you to be generous to what God is doing in their Ministries and then usually one other time of year we pick another servable partner to do the same thing this year with our vacation bible school students happening right now who are always generous during those weeks to give we've decided to partner with our kids to support a Ministry called cure Zambia cure is a remarkable Ministry they're putting first world hospitals in developing countries and the hospital in Zambia cure Zambia is one I've actually been to with my wife years ago to see firsthand this life-changing Ministry that they're a part of and we have a church-wide goal across all of our campuses together with our kids in VBS to bless this ministry to provide enough money to hire a new surgeon equip a new Surgical Center and provide the necessary resources for the children's equipment as they were cover from these life-changing surgeries again I've been there I've seen these families and these children and how what Kira is doing changes them transform them both physically and spiritually and so together this is a great opportunity for us to demonstrate the generosity of our God across the world let me just take a minute to speak to those of you who have never yet taken a step of generosity here at Chapel Street Church this is the perfect opportunity for you to take that step to be generous to what God is doing because this money is being given away to bless a remarkable Ministry and bless people we may never meet the people who God sees and God knows and God loves and cares about so let's together as a church family along with our kids be generous and reflect the heart of God when we're generous we reflect God's heart we move the mission forward and we remind ourselves that this life all we have is a gift of God's grace it's not ours it's his the Chapel Street Church let's jump in this journey together well what a great opportunity that we have to follow our kids lead in showing generosity and making an impact being a part of this partnership with cure this great organization doing such good work in Zambia Pastor Jeff mentioned it in his video but but this is part of who we are as a church this is something that is in our DNA we believe this that that generosity is one of the ways that we worship God that that God is honored and blessed and God uses our giving in great ways here in our community at our church but also all the way around the world we believe that everything we have is from him and everything belongs to him and should be used for his purposes and we're going to be talking about this project for the next several weeks and today I just want to invite you to consider how you might be a part of this project how you might be able to to give what you have if you're a part of our church especially if you've never been part of this before what better way to start what what better project than this knowing that every dollar will be given away and every dollar counts and we want every one of you to be a part of this and so start considering what it might be for you whether it's not getting coffee or lunch one day or something much greater than that we want you to be invited and we want you to be a part of this you can check out our website for more information as well let's pray as we open up God's word Heavenly Father we do thank you for the celebration of baptism we thank you for the gift of worship we we thank you for people that do good work all the way around the world and that you invite us to be a part of it father as we open up your word now we ask for wisdom we ask that you would speak to us in this moment and in this place we pray all this in your name amen uh several months ago my wife Judy and I had a conversation about whether or not she would attend what was in her words one of the most important moments of her life seeing Taylor Swift live at Soldier Field uh some of you might be aware of this her Nationwide concert tour that's that's going on what you might not be aware of is the lengths that people have gone to to be a part of it I was researching this the other day according to one article that I read the average resale ticket price to go to a concert over twenty four hundred dollars some tickets are going for over thirty thousand dollars can you believe that a a Chocolate Company in Philadelphia ran a contest where they sold candy bars with a code inside and if your code was picked you would win a ticket to her show like we're going full Wonka here people this is crazy for those that did go some tried to earn their money back one person took confetti that I guess was used in the concert and picked a bunch up from the floor and tried to sell it on eBay for 55 dollars at one of the shows I guess it rained and someone took a jar of rain water and tried to sell it for 250 dollars this is my favorite one uh I don't know if this one is serious or not but but someone tried to sell a bag of concert air and this was the quote listen to this it cannot be confirmed but there is a high probability that Taylor actually breathed this particular sample of air at some point in time during the show this is your chance to have a piece of her and the eras tour forever one hundred dollars that's the best sentence I've ever read that's incredible I truly believe this if Taylor Swift wanted to take over the world she could like she does not have fans she has an army that's incredible uh and to answer your question my wife did not go we decided to pay our bills that month that was the that was the choice that seemed wise today we are in week two of our summer series the pursuit of wisdom as we spend the next few months exploring the Book of Proverbs and the wisdom that is found within it wisdom as we looked at last week is not the same as information not the same as knowledge but rather this is the definition of wisdom that we gave that wisdom is this skill of living a Godly and faithful life wisdom is a skill of living life the way that God wants us who is not just about being smart it's not just about knowing the right answers it's about having the ability growing in our skill set to apply what we know about God to live in the world that he has made Charles Spurgeon put it this way that wisdom is The Right Use of knowledge this is why Solomon wrote the Book of Proverbs because like Taylor Swift's most devoted fans he too believed that there was something worth any price something worth pursuing a treasure that there would be no length that we do not go in order to find it that we should be devoted in our pursuit of the wisdom of God today we're continuing our study by turning to Proverbs Chapter 2 and what Solomon does here is give us three ways to do just that three ways to find and be filled with the wisdom of God we see the pursuit of wisdom the source and the path of wisdom we'll start with this first one the pursuit of wisdom if you have a Bible with you turn with me to Proverbs Chapter 2 uh we're going to read the first five verses here Proverbs 2 verse 1. my son if you accept my words and store up my commands within you listening closely to wisdom and directing your heart to understanding furthermore if you call out to Insight and lift your voice to understanding if you seek it like silver search for it like hidden treasure then you will understand the fear of the Lord and discover the knowledge of God recently I was talking to a friend of mine about the skill that people have that we are most jealous of you ever thought about that what is what is the skill what is it that some people are able to do that that if you could instantly Master one thing in the world what would it be my answer is the skill of being able to fix things I am the least handy person that you know these are preacher Sans and not workers hands they can't do anything uh and so some people are like this and maybe you're like this where if something is broken your brain just kind of knows what to do about it you just know how to fix it these are the people that don't read instruction manuals they just throw them out immediately and I am the complete opposite of that if something is broken I just give up immediately I take my car to the shop and they tell me what's wrong and you do that thing you just nod along and pretend you know the words that they're saying that's where I'm at in life if I could Master a skill it would be that one so all that to say if anything is ever broken in your house don't call me unless you need me to pray over it I can do that just fine that's all I have to offer to the world this is what Solomon is teaching here put the verses back up here and and notice with me for just a second all of the action words that we see in this passage notice what we're supposed to do with wisdom something to accept something to store up something to listen to to direct our hearts toward go to the next verse furthermore if you call out for it if you lift your voice for it if you seek it like silver search for it like treasure is this idea that Solomon is teaching that wisdom is worthy of any Pursuit that we might give it wisdom is a treasure something to store up in our hearts that there is no skill more worth having than knowing how to live wisely in the world that God has made this is something that that Solomon teaches throughout the Proverbs in in Proverbs 3 verse 13 you see this that that happy is a man who finds wisdom and who acquires understanding for she is more profitable than silver and her revenue is better than gold in chapter 4 verse 7 it says wisdom is supreme so get wisdom and whatever else you get get understanding the wisdom of God is a treasure worthy of our Pursuit why what makes wisdom so valuable what makes it worthy of our Pursuit here's what I think Solomon is showing us two benefits of wisdom that wisdom equips us and wisdom transforms us wisdom equips us when we pursue wisdom this is what we gain insight understanding instruction that that wisdom leads not just to intelligence not just to cleverness wisdom leads us to the very knowledge of who God is Paul talks about this in First Corinthians chapter one and in verse 30 he says it is from him that you are in Christ Jesus who became wisdom from God for us in other words when we pursue Jesus or when we pursue wisdom rather it is Jesus that we find he doesn't just have wisdom he is wisdom becoming wise is the process of God equipping his people to respond his way God equipping his people to see the world as he does and know what to do about it isn't that something that you want don't you want that isn't there isn't it hard to think of many things that the world needs more than that wouldn't you love to be able to look at the world and see all the issues that are going on and isn't it so easy to feel overwhelmed like you just don't know what to do about it don't you wish you could see those things clearly see those things as God does and know how to respond don't you want that when you're talking with a friend and the subject of God comes up and you're tempted to just freeze or change the subject don't you wish you could see that person as God does to know how to respond to their questions their doubts parents isn't this something you want for your kids as we raise them in a world filled with opinions and messages and questions about what good is and who God is don't you want them to see things clearly to see what truth is and yet also to know how to respond in love and Grace and understanding this is what wisdom offers it equips us to see the world as God does and to respond as he would wisdom equips us that's the first benefit it also transforms us and again this is a theme of Proverbs teaching that becoming wise is not just about taking in good advice not just about learning good behavior but wisdom rather is the process of God Transforming Our Hearts to become more like his look with me to Proverbs chapter 3 the first couple of verses here it says my son don't forget my teaching but let your heart keep my commands for they will bring you many days a full life and well-being never let loyalty and faithfulness leave you tie them around your neck write them on the tablet of your heart does that mean let your heart keep my commands how do we do that would it make more sense for our minds or our hands or our feet to keep commands how can our hearts keep the word of God here's how I think about it I think for a moment about the difference between a partnership and a marriage imagine that in your work you you made a partnership agreement with another person or another company and in that agreement there were a list of things that you agreed to that you wouldn't cheat the other person that you would act with Integrity that you would be honest with each other and if you broke that agreement there would be penalties or fines or some sort of consequence to pay now whether or not you liked that person you would probably follow the agreement wouldn't you contrast that to a marriage where you make the same agreement except they're called vows same behavior same agreement completely different relationship why because in that partnership you obey because you have to in a marriage you obey because you love that other person because your heart has been transformed it is not just your mind that does those things your heart keeps the commands this is what wisdom offers to us there's a great verse in Jeremiah chapter 15 that says this your words were found and I ate them your words became a delight to me and the joy of my heart for I bear Your Name Lord God of armies in other words this is the second benefit of wisdom that when we pursue it God doesn't just promise to change our Behavior he promises to change our very hearts to love the things that he loves and become more like him wise people don't just follow God because they know they should they do it because they have been and are being transformed by the love of God because they've seen how good life is when they live how God intends wisdom equips us to respond as God's people and it transforms us that we would love to do so I love how Jesus puts it this way in a Sermon on the Mount that where your treasure is they're your heart will be also this is how we are to view wisdom priceless invaluable treasure worthy of our Pursuit that we would cry out that we would store it up that we would ask for it long for it pray for it search for it in his word do we do you do do I as we look at our lives do we view wisdom as a treasure worth pursuing do we cry out for the wisdom of God are there no lengths that we would not go to in order to find it what if we did what if this was our desire The Cry of our heart that God more than anything the world can offer me what I want is your wisdom to see things through your eyes and to be able to respond as you would your wisdom transform my heart and the way that I live and the choices that I make and the words that I use this is the pursuit of wisdom that brings us to the next part of our proverb the source of wisdom uh I'm sure I've uh shared this story before I remember the exact moment in my life where I realized that I was not as smart as I thought I was I was 18 years old I was a freshman in college I don't know how you were when you were 18 but when I was 18 I was pretty convinced that I had figured everything out like I was I was pretty smart I knew it all uh it only took 18 years pretty impressive no big deal and when I went to college my first ever exam in college was for my Old Testament class in my old testament Professor was famous for how difficult his classes were and I remember someone coming to me and asking if I was worried about that exam and I said I'm not worried about the exam the exam should be worried about me that is the most annoying thing I've ever said that's awful and sure enough I sat down I took that test and I got a D minus which was the lowest in all in my entire class and and that was all that it took for me to realize that maybe there was someone out there smarter than me that maybe there was a source of wisdom that I did not have access to some of you were wondering should we be listening to D minus preach I got an A minus in the class relax we're gonna be fine this is what Solomon's teaching to his son look with me to Proverbs 2 verses 5 and 6. it says then you will understand the fear of the Lord and discover the knowledge of God for the Lord gives wisdom from his mouth come knowledge in understanding notice this with me how Solomon has been giving us all these ways to find wisdom that if we listen for it and if we cry out for it and if we search for it and it's all of these if statements and finally in verse five we get to the then if you do all of this then what you understand the fear of the Lord you discover who God really is think back if you were with us last week to the first proverb that Solomon gave to us how he introduced this idea of wisdom Proverbs 1 verse 7 says that the fear of the Lord is the beginning of knowledge fools despise wisdom and discipline fear of the Lord is the foundation the beginning of knowledge again it's important to understand what fear of the Lord really means what we're not saying is that we must be fearful of God's anger that might erupt at us in any moment what he's not saying is that God is against us and we should tiptoe around him in case we make him mad fear of the Lord is simply seeing who he really is and being in awe of what we see fear of the Lord is recognizing that there is an all-powerful God and there is a perfect source of wisdom and it is not me I love how C.S Lewis puts it you thought you weren't going to get a C.S Lewis quote didn't you in God you come up against something which is in every respect immeasurably Superior to yourself wisdom recognizes that it is not my place to decide right and wrong good and evil that the boundaries that God places in my life are gifts from a loving father and not shackles from a cruel and disappointed one this is the beginning the foundation of what it means to be wise to recognize that true wisdom is not something that I can just muster up on my own there is only one source one beginning of wisdom we see it in verse six the Lord is the one who gives it his mouth come knowledge and understanding and not mile this is why Solomon begins this proverb the way that he does we saw this back in verse one he says my son if you accept my words in fact this is what the first seven chapters of Proverbs are a series of teachings from Solomon to one of his children and over and over this is how he begins it we see in back in verse 1 or in chapter one in verse 8 it says listen my son to your father's instruction don't reject your mother's teaching in chapter four my son pay attention to my words two more times we see this in chapter five my son pay attention to my wisdom my son obey my words do you see the pattern Solomon here is longing for calling out for his son to listen to his words to believe that there is no wisdom and there is no knowledge outside of what God has said this is the way that wise people live this is what it means to fear the lord to declare that God is God and I am not he is the source of wisdom life is better when he is in control recently I came across an article written by an MIT Professor named Rosalind Picard Dr Picard on top of teaching is a scientist an inventor she has founded multiple research organizations I'll be honest with you guys when I read her bio there were a lot of words that I didn't know the meaning of so we'll just call her a smart person is that cool so this smart person wrote an article about the way that she came to Faith In Jesus and I was struck by her story listen to how she describes the way that she initially thought about faith and some of the hesitations that she said that she had she said I assumed that Faith was not intellectual or based on evidence that religious people were not real thinkers and that if they only thought hard enough then they would see that their religion was unnecessary I believe things I heard such as that religion was invented to help people cope better I thought my way without any God was the truth and was scientific therefore it was the best way she goes on she talks about how she came to Faith how someone in her life was a good neighbor and talk to her about God and gave her a Bible and told her to read proverbs and she was amazed at the wisdom that she saw in it she ended up reading the rest of her Bible and started questioning and wondering about faith and and she describes in her writing this kind of wrestling match that she had between her way and her being in charge and her being in control and trusting her life to Jesus this is how she ends the article I love this she says today I am a professor at the top university in my field I have incredible colleagues who have helped translate my lab Research into difference making products including a smart watch that helps caregivers save the lives of people with epilepsy I told you smart person I once thought I was too smart to believe in God she goes on now I know I was an arrogant fool who snubbed the greatest mind in the cosmos the author of all science mathematics art and everything else there is to know today I walk humbly having received the most undeserved Grace I walk with joy along the most amazing companion anyone could ask for filled with desire to keep learning and exploring of all people to trust in their own knowledge and wisdom it would be her Brilliant Minds top Professor someone who truly believed my way is the best way who now walks humbly and joyfully because she recognized that there is only one source of wisdom and it was not her the question that wisdom requires an answer to it's a question that Solomon asked of his son and it's the question that your heavenly father today asks of you will you accept my words will you accept my words are you willing to accept the wisdom of God are you open this summer as we continue in this series to hear something that might challenge you make you feel uncomfortable to recognize a part of your life in which you have been foolish are you willing to change a habit to turn back from sin to humble yourself with the wisdom of God shows you a place of pride do you believe that there is someone out there who knows more than you do even about your own life what is the source of your wisdom yourself your ever-changing culture with the greatest mind in the cosmos the author of every good thing in your life and in mine this is the invitation that wisdom gives to recognize that he is the one who gives it he is the source his way is the best way and I can trust in him he is the source of wisdom last thing I want to show you today that he is the path of wisdom turn with me uh to back to Proverbs 2 we're going to read the last several verses here today verse seven it says this he stores up success for the upright he is a shield for the those who live with Integrity so that he may guard the paths of justice and protect the way of his faithful followers then you will understand righteousness Justice and integrity every good path for wisdom will enter your heart and knowledge will Delight you discretion will watch over you and understanding will guard you Falcon has a senior in high school I remember going through uh this season where I felt so much anxiety about where I was going to go to college that next year I've been accepted into two schools that I was interested both would allow me to study Ministry which I knew I was called to do at that point and I remember going through this time of of trying to discern trying to figure out which door God wanted me to walk through which school was right for me and I I was just praying about this for months and asking for wisdom and asking for his guidance and I remember talking about this with one of my youth leaders at my church and he said something that was so foundational for me he said what if both doors are open and there's no wrong answer as long as you still follow Jesus I remember thinking about that and and it changing the way that I think about wisdom and this I think is how Solomon describes what it means to live wisely not as a door to choose from but a path to walk on he describes it this way all throughout Proverbs and in chapter 4 verse 11 it says I'm teaching you the way of wisdom I am guiding you on straight paths so often I think we get this wrong where we think of the wisdom of God as as what school should I go to or what person should I marry or what job should I take or what place should I live in God cares about all of those things but this is what Solomon is writing that God cares more about the person that you are becoming than the place that you are going this is the image that Proverbs uses that there are two paths that we can choose from the path of righteousness and Justice and integrity and rest and peace the path of God's presence and the path of evil and wickedness and death and over and over this is Solomon's instruction to his son to choose your path wisely many of you will have heard these verses Proverbs 3 verse 5 it says trust in the Lord with all your heart and do not rely on your own understanding in all your ways know him and he will make your paths straight this is Solomon's point and this is how wisdom enters into your life not by living in fear that if I make the wrong choice somehow God is going to be mad or I'm going to be outside of his will wisdom isn't a door it's a path it's a way of living it's a place where these things reside look at verse 9 with me it says that there is a place of righteousness and Justice and integrity that is the path that God has called us to if you have a decision to make in your life if you're wondering what you should do this should be the filter through which you view it that if I take that job or I marry that person or I move to that place will I become closer or farther away from the way of Jesus will this job expect me to give up my Integrity in order to make a profit when I'm around that person do I become more loving and caring and kind to others or do I become more judgmental arrogant cruel this is the filter through which we view things will I stay on the right path if I say yes as long as we do then there is freedom for you to choose and there is Trust that God will lead you as you do Timothy Keller puts it this way he says that who you become is a product of how you do the little things every day this I think is what Solomon is teaching us that wisdom rarely just shows up when you have a life-changing decision to make if you want to be wise it is built on the everyday Steps of Faith that you take towards the way that Jesus has called you to this is the calling of wisdom the the fatherly advice that Solomon offers to us all today to keep walking towards the wisdom of God to keep pursuing him to be devoted to his word and to prayer to accept the words that he has given you and take one step of Faith after another and trust that his word and his way and his understanding is enough he will make your path straight he will keep you in the way of life this is the way of wisdom let me pray for you our heavenly father we we do thank you for the wisdom that you offer the wisdom that is found in your word and the promise that you make that we can trust in you Lord I do pray today for those that are making a decision those that are seeking your will longing to know what you would have them do we pray that you would protect our path that you would guide us that you would reveal to us how it is that we can honor you best no matter what choices we make father ask that you would put in us a spirit of longing for your word longing to spend time in your presence that you would give us humility to accept what you tell us to do make us wise this is our prayer amen amen again we're so glad that you could be here today if we can be praying for you anything going on in your life if you're in need of the wisdom of God our prayer team is available back in the glass room if you came prepared to give we're thankful for your generosity there are boxes in the back you can give online as well would you receive now today's benediction would you go in the power the knowledge the righteousness and the wisdom of Jesus Christ the one who is the wisdom of God would you trust in his ways follow his lead and walk on his path amen [Music] foreign [Music]	hey chapel street church family i am excited to tell you about our next generosity initiative as you probably know every year in advent season during christmas we select a serve the world partner to tell you their story to pray for them and to encourage you to be generous to what god is doing in their ministries and then usually one other time of year we pick another servable partner to do the same thing this year with our vacation bible school students happening right now who are always generous during those weeks to give we have decided to partner with our kids to support a ministry called cure zambia cure is a remarkable ministry they are putting 1st world hospitals in developing countries and the hospital in zambia cure zambia is one i have actually been to with my wife years ago to see firsthand this life changing ministry that they are a part of and we have a church wide goal across all of our campuses together with our kids in vbs to bless this ministry to provide enough money to hire a new surgeon equip a new surgical center and provide the necessary resources for the children is equipment as they were cover from these life changing surgeries again i have been there i have seen these families and these children and how what kira is doing changes them transform them both physically and spiritually and so together this is a great opportunity for us to demonstrate the generosity of our god across the world let me just take a minute to speak to those of you who have never yet taken a step of generosity here at chapel street church this is the perfect opportunity for you to take that step to be generous to what god is doing because this money is being given away to bless a remarkable ministry and bless people we may never meet the people who god sees and god knows and god loves and cares about so let us together as a church family along with our kids be generous and reflect the heart of god when we are generous we reflect god is heart we move the mission forward and we remind ourselves that this life all we have is a gift of god is grace it is not ours it is his the chapel street church let us jump in this journey together well what a great opportunity that we have to follow our kids lead in showing generosity and making an impact being a part of this partnership with cure this great organization doing such good work in zambia pastor jeff mentioned it in his video but but this is part of who we are as a church this is something that is in our dna we believe this that that generosity is one of the ways that we worship god that that god is honored and blessed and god uses our giving in great ways here in our community at our church but also all the way around the world we believe that everything we have is from him and everything belongs to him and should be used for his purposes and we are going to be talking about this project for the next several weeks and today i just want to invite you to consider how you might be a part of this project how you might be able to to give what you have if you are a part of our church especially if you have never been part of this before what better way to start what what better project than this knowing that every dollar will be given away and every dollar counts and we want every one of you to be a part of this and so start considering what it might be for you whether it is not getting coffee or lunch one day or something much greater than that we want you to be invited and we want you to be a part of this you can check out our website for more information as well let us pray as we open up god is word heavenly father we do thank you for the celebration of baptism we thank you for the gift of worship we we thank you for people that do good work all the way around the world and that you invite us to be a part of it father as we open up your word now we ask for wisdom we ask that you would speak to us in this moment and in this place we pray all this in your name amen several months ago my wife judy and i had a conversation about whether or not she would attend what was in her words one of the most important moments of her life seeing taylor swift live at soldier field some of you might be aware of this her nationwide concert tour that is that is going on what you might not be aware of is the lengths that people have gone to to be a part of it i was researching this the other day according to one article that i read the average resale ticket price to go to a concert over $2400 some tickets are going for over $30000 can you believe that a a chocolate company in philadelphia ran a contest where they sold candy bars with a code inside and if your code was picked you would win a ticket to her show like we are going full wonka here people this is crazy for those that did go some tried to earn their money back one person took confetti that i guess was used in the concert and picked a bunch up from the floor and tried to sell it on ebay for $55 at one of the shows i guess it rained and someone took a jar of rain water and tried to sell it for $250 this is my favorite one i do not know if this one is serious or not but but someone tried to sell a bag of concert air and this was the quote listen to this it cannot be confirmed but there is a high probability that taylor actually breathed this particular sample of air at some point in time during the show this is your chance to have a piece of her and the eras tour forever $100 that is the best sentence i have ever read that is incredible i truly believe this if taylor swift wanted to take over the world she could like she does not have fans she has an army that is incredible and to answer your question my wife did not go we decided to pay our bills that month that was the that was the choice that seemed wise today we are in week 2 of our summer series the pursuit of wisdom as we spend the next few months exploring the book of proverbs and the wisdom that is found within it wisdom as we looked at last week is not the same as information not the same as knowledge but rather this is the definition of wisdom that we gave that wisdom is this skill of living a godly and faithful life wisdom is a skill of living life the way that god wants us who is not just about being smart it is not just about knowing the right answers it is about having the ability growing in our skill set to apply what we know about god to live in the world that he has made charles spurgeon put it this way that wisdom is the right use of knowledge this is why solomon wrote the book of proverbs because like taylor swift is most devoted fans he too believed that there was something worth any price something worth pursuing a treasure that there would be no length that we do not go in order to find it that we should be devoted in our pursuit of the wisdom of god today we are continuing our study by turning to proverbs chapter 2 and what solomon does here is give us 3 ways to do just that 3 ways to find and be filled with the wisdom of god we see the pursuit of wisdom the source and the path of wisdom we will start with this 1st one the pursuit of wisdom if you have a bible with you turn with me to proverbs chapter 2 we are going to read the 1st 5 verses here proverbs 2 verse one my son if you accept my words and store up my commands within you listening closely to wisdom and directing your heart to understanding furthermore if you call out to insight and lift your voice to understanding if you seek it like silver search for it like hidden treasure then you will understand the fear of the lord and discover the knowledge of god recently i was talking to a friend of mine about the skill that people have that we are most jealous of you ever thought about that what is what is the skill what is it that some people are able to do that that if you could instantly master one thing in the world what would it be my answer is the skill of being able to fix things i am the least handy person that you know these are preacher sans and not workers hands they can not do anything and so some people are like this and maybe you are like this where if something is broken your brain just kind of knows what to do about it you just know how to fix it these are the people that do not read instruction manuals they just throw them out immediately and i am the complete opposite of that if something is broken i just give up immediately i take my car to the shop and they tell me what is wrong and you do that thing you just nod along and pretend you know the words that they are saying that is where i am at in life if i could master a skill it would be that one so all that to say if anything is ever broken in your house do not call me unless you need me to pray over it i can do that just fine that is all i have to offer to the world this is what solomon is teaching here put the verses back up here and and notice with me for just a 2nd all of the action words that we see in this passage notice what we are supposed to do with wisdom something to accept something to store up something to listen to to direct our hearts toward go to the next verse furthermore if you call out for it if you lift your voice for it if you seek it like silver search for it like treasure is this idea that solomon is teaching that wisdom is worthy of any pursuit that we might give it wisdom is a treasure something to store up in our hearts that there is no skill more worth having than knowing how to live wisely in the world that god has made this is something that that solomon teaches throughout the proverbs in in proverbs 3 verse 13 you see this that that happy is a man who finds wisdom and who acquires understanding for she is more profitable than silver and her revenue is better than gold in chapter 4 verse 7 it says wisdom is supreme so get wisdom and whatever else you get get understanding the wisdom of god is a treasure worthy of our pursuit why what makes wisdom so valuable what makes it worthy of our pursuit here is what i think solomon is showing us 2 benefits of wisdom that wisdom equips us and wisdom transforms us wisdom equips us when we pursue wisdom this is what we gain insight understanding instruction that that wisdom leads not just to intelligence not just to cleverness wisdom leads us to the very knowledge of who god is paul talks about this in 1st corinthians chapter one and in verse 30 he says it is from him that you are in christ jesus who became wisdom from god for us in other words when we pursue jesus or when we pursue wisdom rather it is jesus that we find he does not just have wisdom he is wisdom becoming wise is the process of god equipping his people to respond his way god equipping his people to see the world as he does and know what to do about it is not that something that you want do not you want that is not there is not it hard to think of many things that the world needs more than that would not you love to be able to look at the world and see all the issues that are going on and is not it so easy to feel overwhelmed like you just do not know what to do about it do not you wish you could see those things clearly see those things as god does and know how to respond do not you want that when you are talking with a friend and the subject of god comes up and you are tempted to just freeze or change the subject do not you wish you could see that person as god does to know how to respond to their questions their doubts parents is not this something you want for your kids as we raise them in a world filled with opinions and messages and questions about what good is and who god is do not you want them to see things clearly to see what truth is and yet also to know how to respond in love and grace and understanding this is what wisdom offers it equips us to see the world as god does and to respond as he would wisdom equips us that is the 1st benefit it also transforms us and again this is a theme of proverbs teaching that becoming wise is not just about taking in good advice not just about learning good behavior but wisdom rather is the process of god transforming our hearts to become more like his look with me to proverbs chapter 3 the 1st couple of verses here it says my son do not forget my teaching but let your heart keep my commands for they will bring you many days a full life and well being never let loyalty and faithfulness leave you tie them around your neck write them on the tablet of your heart does that mean let your heart keep my commands how do we do that would it make more sense for our minds or our hands or our feet to keep commands how can our hearts keep the word of god here is how i think about it i think for a moment about the difference between a partnership and a marriage imagine that in your work you you made a partnership agreement with another person or another company and in that agreement there were a list of things that you agreed to that you would not cheat the other person that you would act with integrity that you would be honest with each other and if you broke that agreement there would be penalties or fines or some sort of consequence to pay now whether or not you liked that person you would probably follow the agreement would not you contrast that to a marriage where you make the same agreement except they are called vows same behavior same agreement completely different relationship why because in that partnership you obey because you have to in a marriage you obey because you love that other person because your heart has been transformed it is not just your mind that does those things your heart keeps the commands this is what wisdom offers to us there is a great verse in jeremiah chapter 15 that says this your words were found and i ate them your words became a delight to me and the joy of my heart for i bear your name lord god of armies in other words this is the 2nd benefit of wisdom that when we pursue it god does not just promise to change our behavior he promises to change our very hearts to love the things that he loves and become more like him wise people do not just follow god because they know they should they do it because they have been and are being transformed by the love of god because they have seen how good life is when they live how god intends wisdom equips us to respond as god is people and it transforms us that we would love to do so i love how jesus puts it this way in a sermon on the mount that where your treasure is they are your heart will be also this is how we are to view wisdom priceless invaluable treasure worthy of our pursuit that we would cry out that we would store it up that we would ask for it long for it pray for it search for it in his word do we do you do do i as we look at our lives do we view wisdom as a treasure worth pursuing do we cry out for the wisdom of god are there no lengths that we would not go to in order to find it what if we did what if this was our desire the cry of our heart that god more than anything the world can offer me what i want is your wisdom to see things through your eyes and to be able to respond as you would your wisdom transform my heart and the way that i live and the choices that i make and the words that i use this is the pursuit of wisdom that brings us to the next part of our proverb the source of wisdom i am sure i have shared this story before i remember the exact moment in my life where i realized that i was not as smart as i thought i was i was 18 years old i was a freshman in college i do not know how you were when you were 18 but when i was 18 i was pretty convinced that i had figured everything out like i was i was pretty smart i knew it all it only took 18 years pretty impressive no big deal and when i went to college my 1st ever exam in college was for my old testament class in my old testament professor was famous for how difficult his classes were and i remember someone coming to me and asking if i was worried about that exam and i said i am not worried about the exam the exam should be worried about me that is the most annoying thing i have ever said that is awful and sure enough i sat down i took that test and i got a d minus which was the lowest in all in my entire class and and that was all that it took for me to realize that maybe there was someone out there smarter than me that maybe there was a source of wisdom that i did not have access to some of you were wondering should we be listening to d minus preach i got an a minus in the class relax we are going to be fine this is what solomon is teaching to his son look with me to proverbs 2 verses 5 and 6 it says then you will understand the fear of the lord and discover the knowledge of god for the lord gives wisdom from his mouth come knowledge in understanding notice this with me how solomon has been giving us all these ways to find wisdom that if we listen for it and if we cry out for it and if we search for it and it is all of these if statements and finally in verse 5 we get to the then if you do all of this then what you understand the fear of the lord you discover who god really is think back if you were with us last week to the 1st proverb that solomon gave to us how he introduced this idea of wisdom proverbs one verse 7 says that the fear of the lord is the beginning of knowledge fools despise wisdom and discipline fear of the lord is the foundation the beginning of knowledge again it is important to understand what fear of the lord really means what we are not saying is that we must be fearful of god is anger that might erupt at us in any moment what he is not saying is that god is against us and we should tiptoe around him in case we make him mad fear of the lord is simply seeing who he really is and being in awe of what we see fear of the lord is recognizing that there is an all powerful god and there is a perfect source of wisdom and it is not me i love how c s lewis puts it you thought you were not going to get a c s lewis quote did not you in god you come up against something which is in every respect immeasurably superior to yourself wisdom recognizes that it is not my place to decide right and wrong good and evil that the boundaries that god places in my life are gifts from a loving father and not shackles from a cruel and disappointed one this is the beginning the foundation of what it means to be wise to recognize that true wisdom is not something that i can just muster up on my own there is only one source one beginning of wisdom we see it in verse 6 the lord is the one who gives it his mouth come knowledge and understanding and not mile this is why solomon begins this proverb the way that he does we saw this back in verse one he says my son if you accept my words in fact this is what the 1st 7 chapters of proverbs are a series of teachings from solomon to one of his children and over and over this is how he begins it we see in back in verse one or in chapter one in verse 8 it says listen my son to your father is instruction do not reject your mother is teaching in chapter 4 my son pay attention to my words 2 more times we see this in chapter 5 my son pay attention to my wisdom my son obey my words do you see the pattern solomon here is longing for calling out for his son to listen to his words to believe that there is no wisdom and there is no knowledge outside of what god has said this is the way that wise people live this is what it means to fear the lord to declare that god is god and i am not he is the source of wisdom life is better when he is in control recently i came across an article written by an mit professor named rosalind picard doctor picard on top of teaching is a scientist an inventor she has founded multiple research organizations i will be honest with you guys when i read her bio there were a lot of words that i did not know the meaning of so we will just call her a smart person is that cool so this smart person wrote an article about the way that she came to faith in jesus and i was struck by her story listen to how she describes the way that she initially thought about faith and some of the hesitations that she said that she had she said i assumed that faith was not intellectual or based on evidence that religious people were not real thinkers and that if they only thought hard enough then they would see that their religion was unnecessary i believe things i heard such as that religion was invented to help people cope better i thought my way without any god was the truth and was scientific therefore it was the best way she goes on she talks about how she came to faith how someone in her life was a good neighbor and talk to her about god and gave her a bible and told her to read proverbs and she was amazed at the wisdom that she saw in it she ended up reading the rest of her bible and started questioning and wondering about faith and and she describes in her writing this kind of wrestling match that she had between her way and her being in charge and her being in control and trusting her life to jesus this is how she ends the article i love this she says today i am a professor at the top university in my field i have incredible colleagues who have helped translate my lab research into difference making products including a smart watch that helps caregivers save the lives of people with epilepsy i told you smart person i once thought i was too smart to believe in god she goes on now i know i was an arrogant fool who snubbed the greatest mind in the cosmos the author of all science mathematics art and everything else there is to know today i walk humbly having received the most undeserved grace i walk with joy along the most amazing companion anyone could ask for filled with desire to keep learning and exploring of all people to trust in their own knowledge and wisdom it would be her brilliant minds top professor someone who truly believed my way is the best way who now walks humbly and joyfully because she recognized that there is only one source of wisdom and it was not her the question that wisdom requires an answer to it is a question that solomon asked of his son and it is the question that your heavenly father today asks of you will you accept my words will you accept my words are you willing to accept the wisdom of god are you open this summer as we continue in this series to hear something that might challenge you make you feel uncomfortable to recognize a part of your life in which you have been foolish are you willing to change a habit to turn back from sin to humble yourself with the wisdom of god shows you a place of pride do you believe that there is someone out there who knows more than you do even about your own life what is the source of your wisdom yourself your ever changing culture with the greatest mind in the cosmos the author of every good thing in your life and in mine this is the invitation that wisdom gives to recognize that he is the one who gives it he is the source his way is the best way and i can trust in him he is the source of wisdom last thing i want to show you today that he is the path of wisdom turn with me to back to proverbs 2 we are going to read the last several verses here today verse 7 it says this he stores up success for the upright he is a shield for the those who live with integrity so that he may guard the paths of justice and protect the way of his faithful followers then you will understand righteousness justice and integrity every good path for wisdom will enter your heart and knowledge will delight you discretion will watch over you and understanding will guard you falcon has a senior in high school i remember going through this season where i felt so much anxiety about where i was going to go to college that next year i have been accepted into 2 schools that i was interested both would allow me to study ministry which i knew i was called to do at that and i remember going through this time of of trying to discern trying to figure out which door god wanted me to walk through which school was right for me and i i was just praying about this for months and asking for wisdom and asking for his guidance and i remember talking about this with one of my youth leaders at my church and he said something that was so foundational for me he said what if both doors are open and there is no wrong answer as long as you still follow jesus i remember thinking about that and and it changing the way that i think about wisdom and this i think is how solomon describes what it means to live wisely not as a door to choose from but a path to walk on he describes it this way all throughout proverbs and in chapter 4 verse 11 it says i am teaching you the way of wisdom i am guiding you on straight paths so often i think we get this wrong where we think of the wisdom of god as as what school should i go to or what person should i marry or what job should i take or what place should i live in god cares about all of those things but this is what solomon is writing that god cares more about the person that you are becoming than the place that you are going this is the image that proverbs uses that there are 2 paths that we can choose from the path of righteousness and justice and integrity and rest and peace the path of god is presence and the path of evil and wickedness and death and over and over this is solomon is instruction to his son to choose your path wisely many of you will have heard these verses proverbs 3 verse 5 it says trust in the lord with all your heart and do not rely on your own understanding in all your ways know him and he will make your paths straight this is solomon is and this is how wisdom enters into your life not by living in fear that if i make the wrong choice somehow god is going to be mad or i am going to be outside of his will wisdom is not a door it is a path it is a way of living it is a place where these things reside look at verse 9 with me it says that there is a place of righteousness and justice and integrity that is the path that god has called us to if you have a decision to make in your life if you are wondering what you should do this should be the filter through which you view it that if i take that job or i marry that person or i move to that place will i become closer or farther away from the way of jesus will this job expect me to give up my integrity in order to make a profit when i am around that person do i become more loving and caring and kind to others or do i become more judgmental arrogant cruel this is the filter through which we view things will i stay on the right path if i say yes as long as we do then there is freedom for you to choose and there is trust that god will lead you as you do timothy keller puts it this way he says that who you become is a product of how you do the little things every day this i think is what solomon is teaching us that wisdom rarely just shows up when you have a life changing decision to make if you want to be wise it is built on the everyday steps of faith that you take towards the way that jesus has called you to this is the calling of wisdom the the fatherly advice that solomon offers to us all today to keep walking towards the wisdom of god to keep pursuing him to be devoted to his word and to prayer to accept the words that he has given you and take one step of faith after another and trust that his word and his way and his understanding is enough he will make your path straight he will keep you in the way of life this is the way of wisdom let me pray for you our heavenly father we we do thank you for the wisdom that you offer the wisdom that is found in your word and the promise that you make that we can trust in you lord i do pray today for those that are making a decision those that are seeking your will longing to know what you would have them do we pray that you would protect our path that you would guide us that you would reveal to us how it is that we can honor you best no matter what choices we make father ask that you would put in us a spirit of longing for your word longing to spend time in your presence that you would give us humility to accept what you tell us to do make us wise this is our prayer amen amen again we are so glad that you could be here today if we can be praying for you anything going on in your life if you are in need of the wisdom of god our prayer team is available back in the glass room if you came prepared to give we are thankful for your generosity there are boxes in the back you can give online as well would you receive now today is benediction would you go in the power the knowledge the righteousness and the wisdom of jesus christ the one who is the wisdom of god would you trust in his ways follow his lead and walk on his path amen foreign	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ea5Q7PpiBgE
514.647062	Oh was coming eventually I nothing negative I just would like to say I ordered my June 2017 nerdblock and today is July 13th and it finally came this is in no way a sip of same nation subscribes remember I see is I get another fun Zilla I am subscribing to look pretty I just wanted to do an unboxing video so this is the classic block except in local my order I don't know so has a long time ago I have since cancelled my subscription with them let's see what this entail well I do like this style of the blocks alright as winner block well gum de su me up - oh it's a poster well does it make heart work too I don't get it just like DS oh these DC characters I mean I don't know which one the one is it says I love dick on a shirt like this just please this poison ivy brave in Harley Quinn Wonder Woman China neat poster across my exclusive shirt 20 years of is a 20 years but of what I am right sit on the side Michael's of chadway label because I refuse hanging labels my shirts I remember that is supergirl keychain I think I'm Harley Quinn Batgirl or Wonder Woman yes but DC Comics bombshells like a blind box so the looks like this is DC as a theme when I would recommend you go to leak rate because when I was added on to a six-month subscription liquid they never renewed they always delivered there's on time but if you wish to choose an air block because I don't know loop it as by no dark block allows you this selection of what you want and Harlequin is a vinyl figures because this is really clean up Harley Quinzel it's not a topic it's not about taking your hand because you looks like a nurse so would that be once you Charlie Quinn are hugging quintal okay also Lisbon c22 DC stuff they here's their magazine Gotham Styles Street and scruff and City Street style art prints three thumbs a one WFL o'clock almost be this and when the women desk clock and shall your packaging just long we were going with this since how loose whereas the converse is insanely magazine class wishful drinking like guy Fisher I get that and I forget what's my yacht I mean if probably I uh being asked in word search I believe last time I check those grades now starting to use their own like various it looks again like doing the lender blogger like different themes but I I mean I like everything is in here but I am disappointed that I came so late like I would have had the earlier if I kept my subscription I would have had to choose my next theme but in two days so I and so every if this is how it's it's going to be I'm going to be I'm going to be getting them almost entirely a month later or because it said when I ordered that it ships within five within five business days of being orders and my only me like I only got a half notification that ships on Sunday that's how it's gonna be I really uh and I realize that's how it's going to be I really don't want to be a part of it but I mean it's quite interesting is the DC so what is not a raven Harlequin those way when you Suicide Squad I like one Katara Wonder Woman the elderly of DC is also a marble I mean a little bit DC together with a new one dolphin holding alright well thanks for watching maybe more next one I finally get to do they loot crate one I will upload that one alright fine [Applause]	0 was coming eventually i nothing negative i just would like to say i ordered my june 2017 nerdblock and today is july 13th and it finally came this is in no way a sip of same nation subscribes remember i see is i get another fun zilla i am subscribing to look pretty i just wanted to do an unboxing video so this is the classic block except in local my order i do not know so has a long time ago i have since canceled my subscription with them let us see what this entail well i do like this style of the blocks alright as winner block well gum de su me up 0 it is a poster well does it make heart work too i do not get it just like ds 0 these dc characters i mean i do not know which one the one is it says i love dick on a shirt like this just please this poison ivy brave in harley quinn wonder woman china neat poster across my exclusive shirt 20 years of is a 20 years but of what i am right sit on the side michael is of chadway label because i refuse hanging labels my shirts i remember that is supergirl keychain i think i am harley quinn batgirl or wonder woman yes but dc comics bombshells like a blind box so the looks like this is dc as a theme when i would recommend you go to leak rate because when i was added on to a 6 month subscription liquid they never renewed they always delivered there is on time but if you wish to choose an air block because i do not know loop it as by no dark block allows you this selection of what you want and harlequin is a vinyl figures because this is really clean up harley quinzel it is not a topic it is not about taking your hand because you looks like a nurse so would that be once you charlie quinn are hugging quintal okay also lisbon c 22 dc stuff they here is their magazine gotham styles street and scruff and city street style art prints 3 thumbs a one wfl 0 clock almost be this and when the women desk clock and shall your packaging just long we were going with this since how loose whereas the converse is insanely magazine class wishful drinking like guy fisher i get that and i forget what is my yacht i mean if probably i being asked in word search i believe last time i check those grades now starting to use their own like various it looks again like doing the lender blogger like different themes but i i mean i like everything is in here but i am disappointed that i came so late like i would have had the earlier if i kept my subscription i would have had to choose my next theme but in 2 days so i and so every if this is how it is it is going to be i am going to be i am going to be getting them almost entirely a month later or because it said when i ordered that it ships within 5 within 5 business days of being orders and my only me like i only got a half notification that ships on sunday that is how it is going to be i really and i realize that is how it is going to be i really do not want to be a part of it but i mean it is quite interesting is the dc so what is not a raven harlequin those way when you suicide squad i like one katara wonder woman the elderly of dc is also a marble i mean a little bit dc together with a new one dolphin holding alright well thanks for watching maybe more next one i finally get to do they loot crate one i will upload that one alright fine	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UNEPGGvvouw
364.553313	another example of trying to compare the amount of forage we have the forage supply to the forge demand in order to get to a stocking rate this is scenario 2 and we have three pastures there are nine hundred and seventy acres on this site that's in central Idaho and we're gonna start by looking at forage demand on forage supply and forage supply the details are kind of given up here it's a mix of the lomi ecological site which is the lowlands in these two pastures there's also some shallow lomi ecological site which is through those higher upland hillsides on the shales of the site so let's first take a look at the spring pasture I always like to lay out all the pastors and and that's your goal is to figure out how much for users in each pasture let's take a look at that spring pasture it's 450 acres we know that 70 acres of it is the shell alone so that means that the lomi site is 380 pounds 450 minus 70 we know that that lomi site produces 850 pounds per acre because it says in the diagram that a lonely site produces 850 pounds per acre and that the the appropriate use for that would be up to 45% so we could use 45% of that on a sustainable level without causing damage so if he had 380 acres that produces 850 pounds per acre and you can use 45 percent of it each year that would be about one hundred and forty five thousand three hundred fifty pounds of usable forage that self passed I'm sorry that spring pasture also has a little bit of that shallow loam site seventy acres it's not as productive it's five hundred pounds per acre and it's a little bit less sustainable we can't graze quite as much so we graze about forty percent per year and that should be sustainable and it's 1,400 pounds per total then so we have 14 or pounds on that shallow site in the spring pasture in the hill pasture we have a mix of the lomi site which is the lower site that's 195 acres and that's because the pasture is 280 acres minus 85 gives you a hundred and ninety-five acres of the my site its 850 pounds we can use about 45% of it on a sustainable level that's the proper use factor for this site so we'd have seventy four thousand five hundred eighty eight pounds of usable forage remember there's also some of that shallow loam site in that pasture it's 85 acres we can its produces 500 pounds per acre we can use about forty percent of it so that's 1700 pounds of usable forage in the hill pasture the creek pasture is all lonely site there's 240 acres of that pasture it bruises 850 pounds per acre we can use 45 percent of it so we can use 90 1,800 pounds of usable forage in that pasture if you total all that up we have three hundred forty two thousand seven hundred and thirty-eight pounds what does that mean in aom's remember in AUM is 750 pounds because an animal unit eats 25 percent of its body weight each is 2.5 percent of its body weight each day which is 25 pounds there's 20 there's 30 days in a month so that's 750 pounds per AUM so if you had 340 2738 you divided it by 750 pounds because that's what an AUM is you'd have 456 AUM s now let's turn our attention to the to the forge demand torch demand in this system is laid out in the second pasture these these owners want to graze Scottish Highlanders they're a little smaller cattle so they are actually about a thousand pounds so they're really cool they're exactly what an animal unit would be and they're grazed in these pastures in the Spring Creek in the hill and the the spring the Creek in the hill pasture throughout the season and the whole grazing season is eight months so they have 46 cows let's see what the demand is for those cows so let's talk about forage demand 46 cows they're there for eight months so that means that we have 383 a UMS of demand we want to take a closer look at that we note that each cow is one animal month one animal units so converting animal units two months is a little bit easier so the total demand then is 368 a UMS or you could look at that in how much they actually eat per day you got a thousand pound cow it's two and a half percent of its body weight that's 25 pounds today they're out there for 240 days there's 46 cows and that means you need 276 thousand pounds of forage so your total demand on this pasture with cows alone is 276 pounds of forage so again that's just looking at it is how many a you lens you have versus how many pounds of forage you need both of our estimates of forage demand so to bring this to conclusion we have three hundred forty two thousand seven hundred thirty-eight pounds of forage supply or that's the same as 456 a UMS our demand is two hundred and seventy six hundred thousand pounds of forage or 368 a UMS so since we have more supply than we have demand we could increase our herd and still have proper stocking so it doesn't mean that you have to but you could increase your herd and still be within the limits my just kind of last point is that just remember these things vary hugely from year to year and these estimates the stocking rate are really just ballpark estimates so in order to make a good use of this method you really have to monitor and make sure that what you're doing is making sense for the land so these are just ballpark estimates but it's a place to get started	another example of trying to compare the amount of forage we have the forage supply to the forge demand in order to get to a stocking rate this is scenario 2 and we have 3 pastures there are 970 acres on this site that is in central idaho and we are going to start by looking at forage demand on forage supply and forage supply the details are kind of given up here it is a mix of the lomi ecological site which is the lowlands in these 2 pastures there is also some shallow lomi ecological site which is through those higher upland hillsides on the shales of the site so let us 1st take a look at the spring pasture i always like to lay out all the pastors and and that is your goal is to figure out how much for users in each pasture let us take a look at that spring pasture it is 450 acres we know that 70 acres of it is the shell alone so that means that the lomi site is £380 450 70 we know that that lomi site produces £850 per acre because it says in the diagram that a lonely site produces £850 per acre and that the the appropriate use for that would be up to 45% so we could use 45% of that on a sustainable level without causing damage so if he had 380 acres that produces £850 per acre and you can use 45% of it each year that would be about £145350 of usable forage that self passed i am sorry that spring pasture also has a little bit of that shallow loam site 70 acres it is not as productive it is £500 per acre and it is a little bit less sustainable we can not graze quite as much so we graze about 40% per year and that should be sustainable and it is £1400 per total then so we have 14 or pounds on that shallow site in the spring pasture in the hill pasture we have a mix of the lomi site which is the lower site that is 195 acres and that is because the pasture is 280 acres 85 gives you a 195 acres of the my site its £850 we can use about 45% of it on a sustainable level that is the proper use factor for this site so we would have £74588 of usable forage remember there is also some of that shallow loam site in that pasture it is 85 acres we can its produces £500 per acre we can use about 40% of it so that is £1700 of usable forage in the hill pasture the creek pasture is all lonely site there is 240 acres of that pasture it bruises £850 per acre we can use 45% of it so we can use 90 £1800 of usable forage in that pasture if you total all that up we have £342738 what does that mean in aom is remember in aum is £750 because an animal unit eats 25% of its body weight each is 2.5% of its body weight each day which is £25 there is 20 there is 30 days in a month so that is £750 per aum so if you had 340 2738 you divided it by £750 because that is what an aum is you would have 456 aum s now let us turn our attention to the to the forge demand torch demand in this system is laid out in the 2nd pasture these these owners want to graze scottish highlanders they are a little smaller cattle so they are actually about a £1000 so they are really cool they are exactly what an animal unit would be and they are grazed in these pastures in the spring creek in the hill and the the spring the creek in the hill pasture throughout the season and the whole grazing season is 8 months so they have 46 cows let us see what the demand is for those cows so let us talk about forage demand 46 cows they are there for 8 months so that means that we have 383 a ums of demand we want to take a closer look at that we note that each cow is one animal month one animal units so converting animal units 2 months is a little bit easier so the total demand then is 368 a ums or you could look at that in how much they actually eat per day you got a £1000 cow it is 2.5% of its body weight that is £25 today they are out there for 240 days there is 46 cows and that means you need £276000 of forage so your total demand on this pasture with cows alone is £276 of forage so again that is just looking at it is how many a you lens you have versus how many pounds of forage you need both of our estimates of forage demand so to bring this to conclusion we have £342738 of forage supply or that is the same as 456 a ums our demand is £627000 of forage or 368 a ums so since we have more supply than we have demand we could increase our herd and still have proper stocking so it does not mean that you have to but you could increase your herd and still be within the limits my just kind of last point is that just remember these things vary hugely from year to year and these estimates the stocking rate are really just ballpark estimates so in order to make a good use of this method you really have to monitor and make sure that what you are doing is making sense for the land so these are just ballpark estimates but it is a place to get started	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hhrHtRx5aIY
660.096875	drop this down and see if we can get some fish instant cody we found the juice oh god yeah what is going on everybody welcome back to nb edits today as you can tell cody and i cody you guys are not familiar he's a fellow wisconsin angler also we're up here in northern wisconsin and we're gonna be doing some ice fishing go figure right oh that's pretty much all we do here it seems like but we're on a lake right now that has a good solid four inches i have fished here one other time uh but the fishing sucked luckily though cody on the other hand was here at this lake and clapped some crappies so of course hearing that and he was a good enough friend to tell me this news uh we decided to make the trip up here and that is exactly what we're gonna be doing you guys seem to really be enjoying the crappie fishing videos and especially the live scope videos so not sure exactly what we're gonna be filming today except for i do know we are gonna be catching some crappies so hopefully a lot of hook sets a lot of action for you it's pretty much just gonna be strictly gopro and uh yeah a lot of hook sets should be a good time so stay tuned guys cody already drilled some holes so i am going to get the live scope out get the rods and we are going to see if we can capitalize on some early iced crappies all right go in my rod case here get my rod out this doll's big giant case i got one rod in there so that's pretty cool but that's all we need today we're rocking the 29 inch ultra light panta stick from frostbite so far what i've been noticing with using this rod so far early ice is that is super sensitive and i honestly haven't lost that many fish with it and then for the reel i'm using the pc fun viperx super solid reel if you guys want to pick this up for you know christmas was coming up use code nba that's 18 save yourself 18 off on all orders on the pc phone website so definitely check that out we do have some new reels that actually just came in i am going to be testing out in a future video so stay tuned for that but that's the setup for right now i got a tungsten jig on with frostbite plastic and cody already drilled some holes so i guess i'm just gonna go take the live scope drop her down and see if we can find some fish he hasn't caught one yet so either he sucks or he doesn't know what he's doing but i'm gonna go figure that out right now we got a really high suspended marquis chasing me there we go first fish what do we got tiny crappie but he inhaled this there's more down there hurry up and get him unhooked let's go see if we can capitalize on some of these bigger ones holy cow there's a lot of them now down there got him small but there are a lot god they're choking it today looks like we're probably gonna have to sort through some of these small ones before we get some of the bigger ones looks like we got a bigger mark coming in here it's the biggest mark of the day so far he's spending no time coming for my jig and he hit it it's a little bigger but not quite the size that we're looking for quite yet just a little guy but man there are a lot of crappies in this lake should have a counter to see how many fish i can actually catch here seems like it's gonna be one of those days where i catch like 100 fish one slammed it a bluegill that's interesting i did get a bluegill yeah yeah all right it looks like that school has passed what i'm actually going to do is i'm going to take off the small plastic here in tungsten and i think i'm going to put on a dinner bell just to see if i can get some of those bigger fish to come in and hit it i am getting a ton of fish right now it's just not the size i'm looking for and i do know those bigger crappies in here so hopefully get a bigger presentation maybe it'll trigger some of the bigger fish so i'm going to uh go ahead switch and we'll get back to the fishing go ahead put this jig back you can see we got a ton of jigs this is actually the first time that i have switched jigs from our very first video i've been using the same frostbite tungsten jig the entire time and it's just been working i really am a true believer in just using one i mean if they're not hitting on a certain collar they're really just not hitting plus i absolutely hate tying on small little tungstens when it's cold out so i am pretty much a non-believer in that i don't know if that's just me or what if i turn to the other side you can see i got a whole bunch of dinner bells probably going to be tossing on one of these little micro probably this gold one right here and trying this i also do have a bunch of the new frostbite dinner bells some of them i know i have all of them but these are three of the newer colors that they came out with for this year so if you guys want to check out anything from frostbite i'll leave that down in the description make sure to check it out dinner bells honestly one of the best spoons you can use for crappie fishing i know it sounds a little biased but these things actually do clap the heck out of fish so make sure you check it out i might this one looks pretty sexy i'm not gonna lie not sure exactly i think this one's called the lip smacker or something like that uh this one does look pretty deadly but considering i already have a whole bunch in there and these are in the case though i'm gonna toss on that gold one and hopefully hopefully that will trigger some bigger fish all right deepest spot of the lake so far looks like there's some fish down there looks to be a sunken tree of some sort out here and it looks like there's a bunch of fish hanging around uh all right i drilled right on top of that tree we're gonna see catch some of these fish switching into down mode here drop this down and see if we can get some fish instant gaudy we found the juice oh found that freaking tree and look at the switch of that right on that dinner bell nice nice crappie there's more down there i gotta hurry up this is incredible okay that was as soon as i dropped down oh we got one he's coming here he comes on right away nice crappie okay we're on a we're at a big school here giant school louisiana oh my god there's a lot down there come on get down there these fish are really suspended i'm fishing 25 feet of water but i'm catching them 10 feet below the ice they're just stacked on this tree right now this is where all the big crappies are it turns out they're just unstructured who would have thought here comes one instant bigger oh my god this is incredible this is the best find ever oh my god i'm gonna have to gps locate this spot look at these this is incredible it's just one after another on this dinner bell right now all like nice 12-inch crappies all right you guys well unfortunately it is that time to end the video i i have to go to work cody on the other hand does not so he's kind of pissed at me because he'd like to fish all day the fish were aggressive for sure we just we couldn't find that right school well besides that one that i got into but yeah i gotta go to work so that's pretty cool but if you guys enjoyed today's video make sure to give it a like make sure to tell me in the comment section what you liked about it if you want to see more crappie fishing videos now in our last couple videos obviously we saw we did some walleye fishing we are going to be doing some more species on the channel once some of the bigger lakes are going to freeze if they ever freeze it doesn't seem like it ever is going to happen up here because now we are getting some snow and we're really not getting the colder temperatures that we need but once more lakes start to freeze we can hit any species that you guys want to see and also we can pretty much do whatever the heck you want to see if you want to see us travel and go somewhere and fish a certain body of water or with certain people we can do that as well so leave that all down in the comments i'm going to finish packing up we got a decent walk to the truck and yeah i'm going to go to work so again please make sure to give this video a thumbs up make sure you guys are subscribed if you want more ice fishing content because that's all we frickin do it feels great to be back on the grind cody's dancing must be a little cold or something and uh yeah pack up we're going to get on out of here and i will talk to you guys on the next one tight lines from enbietas [Music] you	drop this down and see if we can get some fish instant cody we found the juice 0 god yeah what is going on everybody welcome back to nb edits today as you can tell cody and i cody you guys are not familiar he is a fellow wisconsin angler also we are up here in northern wisconsin and we are going to be doing some ice fishing go figure right 0 that is pretty much all we do here it seems like but we are on a lake right now that has a good solid 4 inches i have fished here one other time but the fishing sucked luckily though cody on the other hand was here at this lake and clapped some crappies so of course hearing that and he was a good enough friend to tell me this news we decided to make the trip up here and that is exactly what we are going to be doing you guys seem to really be enjoying the crappie fishing videos and especially the live scope videos so not sure exactly what we are going to be filming today except for i do know we are going to be catching some crappies so hopefully a lot of hook sets a lot of action for you it is pretty much just going to be strictly gopro and yeah a lot of hook sets should be a good time so stay tuned guys cody already drilled some holes so i am going to get the live scope out get the rods and we are going to see if we can capitalize on some early iced crappies all right go in my rod case here get my rod out this doll is big giant case i got one rod in there so that is pretty cool but that is all we need today we are rocking the 29 inch ultra light panta stick from frostbite so far what i have been noticing with using this rod so far early ice is that is super sensitive and i honestly have not lost that many fish with it and then for the reel i am using the pc fun viperx super solid reel if you guys want to pick this up for you know christmas was coming up use code nba that is 18 save yourself 18 off on all orders on the pc phone website so definitely check that out we do have some new reels that actually just came in i am going to be testing out in a future video so stay tuned for that but that is the setup for right now i got a tungsten jig on with frostbite plastic and cody already drilled some holes so i guess i am just going to go take the live scope drop her down and see if we can find some fish he has not caught one yet so either he sucks or he does not know what he is doing but i am going to go figure that out right now we got a really high suspended marquis chasing me there we go 1st fish what do we got tiny crappie but he inhaled this there is more down there hurry up and get him unhooked let us go see if we can capitalize on some of these bigger ones holy cow there is a lot of them now down there got him small but there are a lot god they are choking it today looks like we are probably going to have to sort through some of these small ones before we get some of the bigger ones looks like we got a bigger mark coming in here it is the biggest mark of the day so far he is spending no time coming for my jig and he hit it it is a little bigger but not quite the size that we are looking for quite yet just a little guy but man there are a lot of crappies in this lake should have a counter to see how many fish i can actually catch here seems like it is going to be one of those days where i catch like 100 fish one slammed it a bluegill that is interesting i did get a bluegill yeah yeah all right it looks like that school has passed what i am actually going to do is i am going to take off the small plastic here in tungsten and i think i am going to put on a dinner bell just to see if i can get some of those bigger fish to come in and hit it i am getting a ton of fish right now it is just not the size i am looking for and i do know those bigger crappies in here so hopefully get a bigger presentation maybe it will trigger some of the bigger fish so i am going to go ahead switch and we will get back to the fishing go ahead put this jig back you can see we got a ton of jigs this is actually the 1st time that i have switched jigs from our very 1st video i have been using the same frostbite tungsten jig the entire time and it is just been working i really am a true believer in just using one i mean if they are not hitting on a certain collar they are really just not hitting plus i absolutely hate tying on small little tungstens when it is cold out so i am pretty much a non believer in that i do not know if that is just me or what if i turn to the other side you can see i got a whole bunch of dinner bells probably going to be tossing on one of these little micro probably this gold one right here and trying this i also do have a bunch of the new frostbite dinner bells some of them i know i have all of them but these are 3 of the newer colors that they came out with for this year so if you guys want to check out anything from frostbite i will leave that down in the description make sure to check it out dinner bells honestly one of the best spoons you can use for crappie fishing i know it sounds a little biased but these things actually do clap the heck out of fish so make sure you check it out i might this one looks pretty sexy i am not going to lie not sure exactly i think this one is called the lip smacker or something like that this one does look pretty deadly but considering i already have a whole bunch in there and these are in the case though i am going to toss on that gold one and hopefully hopefully that will trigger some bigger fish all right deepest spot of the lake so far looks like there is some fish down there looks to be a sunken tree of some sort out here and it looks like there is a bunch of fish hanging around all right i drilled right on top of that tree we are going to see catch some of these fish switching into down mode here drop this down and see if we can get some fish instant gaudy we found the juice 0 found that freaking tree and look at the switch of that right on that dinner bell nice nice crappie there is more down there i got to hurry up this is incredible okay that was as soon as i dropped down 0 we got one he is coming here he comes on right away nice crappie okay we are on a we are at a big school here giant school louisiana 0 my god there is a lot down there come on get down there these fish are really suspended i am fishing 25 feet of water but i am catching them 10 feet below the ice they are just stacked on this tree right now this is where all the big crappies are it turns out they are just unstructured who would have thought here comes one instant bigger 0 my god this is incredible this is the best find ever 0 my god i am going to have to gps locate this spot look at these this is incredible it is just one after another on this dinner bell right now all like nice 12 inch crappies all right you guys well unfortunately it is that time to end the video i i have to go to work cody on the other hand does not so he is kind of pissed at me because he would like to fish all day the fish were aggressive for sure we just we could not find that right school well besides that one that i got into but yeah i got to go to work so that is pretty cool but if you guys enjoyed today is video make sure to give it a like make sure to tell me in the comment section what you liked about it if you want to see more crappie fishing videos now in our last couple videos obviously we saw we did some walleye fishing we are going to be doing some more species on the channel once some of the bigger lakes are going to freeze if they ever freeze it does not seem like it ever is going to happen up here because now we are getting some snow and we are really not getting the colder temperatures that we need but once more lakes start to freeze we can hit any species that you guys want to see and also we can pretty much do whatever the heck you want to see if you want to see us travel and go somewhere and fish a certain body of water or with certain people we can do that as well so leave that all down in the comments i am going to finish packing up we got a decent walk to the truck and yeah i am going to go to work so again please make sure to give this video a thumbs up make sure you guys are subscribed if you want more ice fishing content because that is all we frickin do it feels great to be back on the grind cody is dancing must be a little cold or something and yeah pack up we are going to get on out of here and i will talk to you guys on the next one tight lines from enbietas you	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GFoXFiHqtEc
3,556.275375	the views and opinions expressed on the following program are those of the host and guests and do not necessarily reflect the policy or position of ontd's management staff or board of directors [Music] and hello and welcome into views from the sidelines that's when we killed I'm Joey tysik and we're at the end of August already and um getting into September we are literally finally into football season I'm saying officially because we're in week zero for college football even though I don't care about college football week zero Malik do you care about college football week zero it is going to bring me life it is going to make me happy I might shed a tear that's how that's how much this means to me and uh we've officially lost him listen I'm just it um it's not that sometimes it's not really that dramatic that's too much I'm I'm gonna be watching just because I love all college football big programs small programs I'm not gonna pay attention to UMass throughout the season or New Mexico state in week seven but just for this one week I'm gonna be interested in what these teams look like okay well yeah we'll get to a couple week zero topics in a minute um but one like outside the box note that we wanted to talk about James Harden got fined a hundred thousand dollars for calling Daryl Mori a liar at the end of the day it's only a hundred thousand dollars if this was like you know some mid-level player maybe I'd care a little bit was this James Harden we're talking about he's got shoe deals he's got endorsements he's got lots of money a hundred thousand dollars is nothing um I think someone could you could say he doesn't need to play in the NBA anymore would you agree with that oh yeah he could easily retire there's even like rumors that he wants to go play in China now let's let's just keep this so let's let's get this going so get James Harden out of the NBA how about that people I mean uh though and then the NBA Players Association is kind of doing their uh I don't know I don't want to call it knight in shining armor but I guess like they're just trying to do their job where they're trying to dispute the hundred thousand dollar fine uh saying that it wasn't needed I'm kind of on the fence about it um I don't know like I feel like Hardin needed some sort of punishment because you can't just like go out and call like start calling people Liars necessarily I don't know but at the same time like you kind of can say what he wants and it's Daryl mori's idea to respond to it I don't know it's it's a weird kind of dumb situation very dumb so I don't want to like Linger on it but it's just weird it's just weird this was no rules or regulations to the power player empowerment era things like this are going to happen more out more often I think like there are there are multiple players in the NBA then I can imagine being disgruntled soon or demanding a trade soon or quote unquote making things uncomfortable yeah for an organization like even though he got an extension and he's making tons of money I I wouldn't be surprised in two or three years maybe two years it's like Karl Anthony towns in Minnesota just start just started getting angry with the organization and started beefing with uh Anthony Edwards because I think him him and Anthony Edwards are on two different wavelengths Anthony Edwards is a dog Yeah Carl Anthony towns is extremely talented but he's he's not cut from the same cloth as Anthony Edwards Carl Anthony towns changed the game hey you see little three put those three pointers he hit nobody incredible nobody was doing it before him listen Dirk Nowitzki who was that bill and bear who's that and these reasons who's that I want someone like Carl Anthony towns will most likely get very sad and upset and emotional in the next few years because it usually happens in Minnesota but like I said him and Anthony Edwards Anthony Edwards is the face of that franchise and should be seen as such hmm and not just him it'll be other guys yeah I mean players can voice their opinion whenever they want and there aren't many repercussions so yeah yeah it'd be very different if David Stern was still the commissioner Ronnie yeah no I agree I fully agree um other thing I wanted to mention have you watched Hard Knocks at all yes I watched the first two episodes okay that's exactly where I'm at I haven't watched the third one because it comes out at like 10 p.m right yes and I don't care as much about the Jets as I did last year for the Lions I don't care about Hard Knocks like I used to yeah it's a really good excited even towards the end of the Lions season last year I started to kind of tell off of it wasn't as excited um I think just because at towards the end like your art like the following week is NFL season so like you don't care as much anymore about training camp because you're ready to see them actually on the field playing a real game uh also I don't know if people realize every NFL team has a YouTube channel and every NFL team's YouTube channel has pre-season videos yes that are basically the length of Hard Knocks yeah and they do a lot they literally go to Every NFL YouTube channel and they have 40 minute long videos of players being miked up and like code yeah yeah and some even turn them into a documentary style uh feature so yeah it's hard this day and age I think hard knock still does a good job um to me this isn't as appealing because it's just like focusing on Aaron Rodgers taking the Reigns whereas like it was cool last year for the Lions because they they kind of surrounded it as a Young Lions team and they talked about all these players that were trying to make the team and you saw uh guys like bugs and I remember the big one was Khalil pimpleton who didn't end up making it and stuff so like there was all these Fringe guys that you kind of like got involved with hoping they could make it or uh understanding their life and and their background and stuff and we haven't really seen that in the Jets so far I know it's only two episodes but at the same time they focus so much on Aaron Rodgers in the first two episodes I'm curious where they'll go after that whole thing has fallen off I mean you're you're not wrong I mean they're every season of Hard Knock there would be like a third string guy undrafted that they would follow there would be two or three rookies there would be uh like one of the superstars they would like personally follow like four or five different types of players yeah yeah the first two episodes has been like 70 to 80 Aaron Rodgers yeah and then a few players after that which is for the most part which is weird because the Jets have like have some guys that are interesting yeah Israel about Anaconda he's from New York right and they were they really haven't even talked about it he's had a good season but he's gonna get overshadowed because when they bring in Dalvin cook I know that's obviously gonna be a whole episode uh so yeah I don't know it's interesting I like it I like I always like to seeing the coaches like the different coaching Styles and the uh and then comparing to them like Nathaniel Hackett is kind of fun and joking and Robert Sala is always like what's next what's next and that's like their whole Mantra um so that kind of stuff is is interesting to me but yeah I'm kind of with you like it it kind of tails off a little bit I did like seeing uh the narrator though leave forever yeah that was cool that was pretty cool um and Aaron Rodgers kept describing him as God or the voice of God that was pretty funny um so I hate to say it uh that I don't I don't mind Aaron Rodgers in this and that's weird for me to say this is a like a very controversial opinion today I've never hated Aaron Rodgers yeah like uh he's never personally made me angry like I I've appreciated how good of a quarterback he is yeah and just watching them throw the ball is pretty pretty fun but like all the stuff off the field I he says weird stuff I'm like okay Darkness Retreats right do my own research ah okay yeah I think that's part of it for me too is like Aaron Rodgers to me I think he's very much like like Russell Westbrook in the reasons that I don't necessarily like him like I think sometimes he gets overvalued I think Russ is just he's very aggressive all the time and he he doesn't necessarily have like super strong stances he's just always like kind of yeah Aaron Rodgers is kind of a mix of Russ and maybe Kyrie or something he's the mix of yes Kyrie toy even like deeper extent yeah for sure um but like I I especially hate this year and it's not necessarily Aaron Rodgers either like I yeah I also don't like his off-field stuff it's kind of weird but it seems like he's a good teammate it seems like people like him they're gonna show his best highlights in the in Hard Knocks but his throwing looks amazing so if he can do that like this during the season it'll be kind of like Tom Brady for me where I I'm not I've never been a big Tom Brady fan but like watching Tom Brady in his last couple years like you couldn't deny some of the throws he made were incredible so if Aaron Rodgers can do that I'll get it um but I don't know it's it's a confusing time for me because I I just hate how much hype the Jets are getting right now um I know that their defense is really good people think that Aaron Rodgers is going going to be back to MVP form but I mean last year he didn't look so good so to me it's it's a little bit overhyped I guess but that's gonna happen either way um where do I want to go to next oh let's just talk about week zero because then we can finish off with pre-season stuff and we can just kind of talk whatever about the preseason that we want um week zero college football like we said a lot of Duds not not not too many exciting things um but you do have some top teams in Notre Dame and USC playing um Notre Dame's gonna take on Navy USC is going to take on San Jose State and uh but unless you have like a fire stick where you can watch like all games they're playing on the Pac-12 so most people probably won't even see the game Navy Notre Dame is on NBC and Notre Dame is favored by 20 and a half yeah the only like real interesting game outside of those two Ohio and San Diego State are both going to be good teams so even like if you watch MAC football some people are big fans of like them action football during the week Ohio is going to be one of the better teams in the mac and San Diego State who was coached by Brady Hoke is they've made a bold like they're they've been a consistent Bowl team for like more than over a decade yeah so they they play good physical football so that should be a fun game and uh third string quarterback for the Jaguars Nathan Rourke the guy that made that circus play against the Cowboys where he fell down and threw the touchdown pass his brother Curtis Rourke is arguably one of the best quarterbacks in the country T's put up like fantastic numbers and he's probably going to be another like NFL caliber guy so he'll be fun to watch how interested are you the most the even line the like according to betting the best game is UTEP versus Jacksonville State how interested are you I disagree strongly that's the even line the only interesting part about that game UTEP has a fun offense Jacksonville State is coached by Rich Rodriguez that's fun yeah that's about as fun as it gets I I think Utah is going to win if I'm double digits double digits most likely uh UMass no New Mexico State there's there's no reason to really pay today it's there's no real reason you can pass that one okay um I want to talk about Navy Notre Dame for just a minute because Navy as a new coach does that matter though it doesn't they're gonna lose but I'm just saying candy and matalolo Coach Navy for like the past 20 years and our Navy has a new coach they're the most they're they're just the most predictable team of all time are you saying that because they were on the option yes is that every team that runs the option probably but I feel like Navy's kind of that notable team you know um especially with the Army Navy game like Navy through through 91 passes last year yeah they're actually on that's only attempts I can't remember the exact rule or why it was implemented but for some reason there was an implementation where you those teams can't run the option like they used to anymore so now Navy and army have to like pass a little bit more so it won't it won't be as slow and methodical as it used to be like they have to play with a little bit of pace yeah so we'll see how that looks it's just it's it's a weird thing listen I I love that the option is still a thing I I enjoy it because I mean I like watching the options they'll never be able to recruit like high level players yeah to run like these like these newer generation offenses so if you don't run that option what do you do yeah but just find somebody that can like pass out of the option there's still passing plays out of the option yeah but they go with but that's also hard how do you get a good quarterback to come to a service Academy school I don't know it's gonna happen I mean hey David Robinson Keenan Reynolds was the Heisman candidate and he barely threw the ball he was his Elite at running the ball yeah yeah yeah yeah Notre Dame's gonna wipe the floor with him unfortunately uh last year Notre Dame won but it wasn't like a complete embarrassment like those option teams still figure out how to make it hard like uh Army almost beat Oklahoma a few years ago Carla Murray's team Michigan barely beat Army that was one of the most frustrating games I've ever seen but those option teams can frustrate big bigger level teams yeah um what should we watch out for with Notre Dame this season Sam Hartman is their quarterback came from Wake Forest he is the all-time passing leader in the ACC history a lot of yards a lot of touchdowns a lot of picks also because he's a gunslinger but they're bringing in bringing him in hoping that he's the first quarterback honestly in a in a long time that can like be stable and also like have high level flashes they brought in so many recruits that have been disappointments in the past decade that like Ian book is one of the better quarterbacks they've had in the past 20 years yeah and that's not a good reflection of quarterback history at a high level program right so they're looking for Sam Horton and Sam Hartman to like be the stability act quarterback They're bringing back audric estimated running back he's like 5-11 230 he's huge they're still trying to figure out receiver mm-hmm but they lose Michael Mayer yeah one of the best tight ends in the country drafted by the Raiders Yep they're figuring out they're they're basically figuring out all like pass catching options receiver tight end they gotta find out who their main guys are [Music] so yeah they're gonna be figuring things out the first few weeks okay Let's uh bounce over to USC San Jose State just so we can get into we wanted to talk about the the Pac-12 a little bit today USC is bringing back the number one guy Caleb Williams and there's talk that he may not declare for the draft where is that coming from I saw it today why would he do that um that depending on who has the number one pick that he might get picky well what you as the number one Peak you have leverage even though Eli Manning had the Mannings behind him like you you can say I'm not going here and you can hold out like he can still go into the craft you can tank workouts if you really wanted to the quarterbacks have done this John Elway told the Colts I'm not going to the Colts and he ended up a Bronco like these things happen yeah and like he could just I don't know but yeah there's so many ways he's I wouldn't judge him either because he wouldn't be the first to do it yeah and plus waiting another year it that's not gonna really change much either he's going to the Big Ten Really Gonna Change things you're the top pick already yeah but like if you're the top pick next year you're most likely gonna be you're gonna have that same little list of teams that might get it exactly uh so it's kind of weird um but USC are they the are they an outright favorite to win this uh division or this conference some people think they are I do not think they are okay uh they have gotten more pieces in the transfer portal on defense mm-hmm they've recruited pretty decently but those are like freshmen and sophomores you can't fully rely on them yeah I still don't think the USC defense is going to be very good they they need to be at least average to win the Pac-12 and I need to see them prove that they can be at least average against better teams like I think Washington has a chance Michael pinnix is back they have one of the best receiving cores in the country several guys that'll be in the NFL right they're they've got a veteran defense coming back Oregon is bringing back Bo Nicks he's got receiving to like you can't say the Washington and Oregon don't have chances right I haven't I haven't brought up Utah yeah who's won the Pac-12 the past two years like is is there so many other options at the top three specifically that I I just I can't just say just because USC has Caleb Williams that everything is going to be smooth for them like yeah they still have to go out and prove it they almost lost to Oregon State last year who was a quality team and might be even better this year so yeah there's no way I would say USC is like the obvious favorite right and Utah really only lost Dalton Kincaid and uh they lose any defensive guys this year uh they lost a few guys uh they lost their best corner I forgot his name he got drafted by the Falcons they lost a few guys but they've they've recruited so well and they're always so well coached that yeah their defense is always good at least they never have a bad defense yeah um although cam Rising he's still dealing with his injury from last year people don't know if he's going to be fully healthy for week one against Florida so that's a bit of a question but once once Pac-12 games get going I assume he's going to be out there playing yeah um so you have would you say you have USC Washington then Utah I personally I would have Washington first okay and then USC and then out of USC and Oregon tied at two okay that Washington offense if they're healthy I think they there's no defense on the Pac-12 that can stop them I think they're just as dangerous as USC's offense and uh most people wouldn't think that just because USC has Caleb Williams Washington's offense was a handful to deal with last year right and they averaged like 30 something almost 40 points a game uh I would have Washington at one personally and then USC and Oregon tied at two because I I don't think there's a lot of separation between the two Oregon is more talented on defense but they still have to show that they can put it all together on the field yeah and then I would probably have I would have Utah at four but I believe in Oregon State a lot that pins on DJ oh youngale a ton yeah who just got named the starter at Oregon State coming from Clemson right yeah it's interesting because not a lot of these teams really lost anybody um of significance that I can think of off the top most their every top team brought back their quarterback in most of their main options on offense yeah so you got Caleb Williams you got Michael penick's uh bonix in there DJ maybe camera camera Rising is like Roots set at like the fourth best quarterback in that cam Rising would be like a top two quarterback in most conferences but the Pac-12 is just so stacked in terms of top quarterbacks yeah I guess the team that I didn't mention that would be the team that lost the most would be UCLA it went I I was just about to say we haven't even brought up UCLA right which was going to be my next thing of like is there another team that you could think that maybe sneaks into potentially being good like a dark horse oh yeah that I think I I don't think they're a 10 win team necessarily but because they they have to replace quarterback Dorian Thompson Robinson is gone they brought in Dante Moore from Detroit still breaks my heart uh him and Ethan garbers are battling for the number one job it seems like Ethan garver's a guy that's been in the program for a few years is kind of like in the lead right now right but I assume Dante Moore will play eventually Dante Moore's the Martin Luther King quarterback yeah okay just five star yeah yeah right in my opinion he was the best quarterback in this class yeah of freshman guys for sure the UCLA they brought in like some really good receivers in the transfer portal a kid from Cal J Michael Sturdivant and a kid from uh USC Kyle Ford and my personally after the Michigan running backs one of my favorite running backs in the country kid named Carson Steele really good name kid out of hot kid out of Indiana he has long blonde hair he runs super hard he was at Ball State last year he rushed for like 1600 yards and like 15 touchdowns and he decided to transfer to UCLA he might be their number one back with Zach charbonnet leaving so I like what they have on offense yeah but they're another team kind of like USC where they they have some really good pieces on offense but the defense has been the hang up with Chip Kelly yeah first first four or five years at UCLA so I'm not sure what the defense will look like but either Ethan garbers or Dante Moore I expect them to play well in Chip Kelly system and they have the pieces on offense to win eight or nine I think they could win nine games at most 10 would be a major surprise like they would pull off upsets to win 10 games I expect them to be at least a 8-1 team yeah um seven or eight so I have to mention the Washington MSU game yeah is there any hope for the Spartans what what week is that that's week three yeah listen man I can't wait to get to this big 10 preview they got Central and Richmond the first few weeks those games aren't going to tell you anything about MSU I know I know oh and then they just get put Into The Gauntlet five o'clock on peacock yeah geez what a strange store over living in now right luckily it's at MSU it's at MSU but I also that might not be good because they could shut down that home Crown comb crowd very quickly yeah like I I haven't heard anything out of the MSU Camp about the DBS like major making huge improvements like they obviously have talent and they've recruited well in the past few classes right but you have to see if those guys can make impacts like msu's front seven what they've done recruiting and through the transfer portal I think they'll be pretty strong yeah like Jacoby winmen coming back he'll be a good pass rusher and I forgot the name of the guy they brought from Texas A M he's like a hybrid defensive end defensive tackle he's really powerful on the line but hey man I got to see what Noah Kim or Katen Hauser does on offense who's the running back who are the main two main two running backs gonna be yeah who are the who's your receiver I mean you you gotta don't want to talk about it you got the kid oh my God the kid from Pontiac he was like the number three Trey Mosley you got Trey Mosley he's a he's Dependable yeah but you don't know if he's your number one Malik Carr might be like your most dangerous yeah I've had a lot of I've had a lot of Hope for Malik Carr he looked good last year so hopefully there there's some more growth there yeah they they gotta they also brought in like two other tight ends in the transfer portal so I don't know if they're trying to work in like a two or three tight end system I'm not sure yeah but they gotta Target him a lot they they gotta draw things to get him the ball yeah but I I don't know how much of a chance they have I mean Washington in that game I honestly also don't know what their running back room is gonna be like how they're gonna do like they brought back Burger Elijah Collins went to Oregon State Oklahoma State Oklahoma State you're right the Jalen Burger showed signs last year yeah he shows the promise of when he was a high four star guy yeah I mean you got the the kid from Georgia I can't remember his name he's like a junior now you got a lot he played a lot as a freshman is that very sorry no he he came in as a recruit a few years ago it's his last name Simmons oh yeah you're right um okay I'll have to look it up yeah I want to look at the stats Jordan Simmons yeah Jordan Simmons is back yeah yeah I don't I don't know what like what their hopes are for him I just hate that they have a revolving door of running yeah jalenberg you got Jared Broussard you got Simmons yeah yeah I'm not 100 sure yeah um yeah you losing Jaden Reed is just tough yes he was the ultimate Playmate no losing Keon Coleman is tough sorry that was I listen we're saving the deep dive for the yeah I know I'm going too far I'm going too far just when I was like really liking Keon Coleman too but yeah I I don't I don't I don't know how they stay within double digits of Washington that offense is just too dangerous unless Noah Kim is him yeah they they'll have to get like consistent pressure on Michael pennix yeah to have a chance and either Noah Kim arcade and Hauser has to be him yeah to keep Pace right um how is Washington's defense Washington's defense like has been sell me on them winning the pack they've been somewhat underwhelming since Jimmy Lake left because he was all defense and like no offense and that's what made them so terrible that that one year he was head coach yeah so they brought in Caitlin Deboer and his in his first season they win 10 games and their defense was just good enough to keep them in in like most games but they have to take a next step if they want to win the conference okay they they have to be able to take a next step like they on on paper they don't have any like standout Superstar guy they have a few guys that are like potential all-conference but they don't have like that All-American guy unless somebody emerges but yeah okay they should they should be slight at least slightly better okay they should be an okay defense so then do you think it would be fairly easy for USC to take over to take them over at number one like in the conference because you think Washington's gonna win right that's what you said also I would have them at number one because there's it's something about Lincoln Riley teams and specifically this second chapter of this USC Lincoln Riley team they don't have enough on defense okay first of all Lincoln Riley does not coach defense really yeah right and secondly they don't he doesn't have the players like he brought in Bear Alexander from Georgia a big five-star defensive tackle that was a freshman last year he already has a few like he has some knick-knack injuries in Camp that has kept him out that you don't have any like Star players on that defense and because Lincoln Riley is the coach I don't trust them to play very good defense for the most part so they're they're talented enough to win most games because of their offense right but they're also keep teams in it like Arizona has the has the offense to most likely stay in a game with them like last year they did I think USC beat Arizona like 49 to like 42 last year hopefully their defense is better than that now yeah but I don't know so you just think that Caleb Williams has to be even better than he has been if they want to like he has to basically be only he has to stay healthy and be just as good or even better okay for them to win the car if they win the conference they're going to the playoffs right yeah and I just don't I just can't see that I can't see them getting to the playoff okay because first of all the Caleb Williams and nobody's won two kinds have been since the 70s right I don't see him winning back-to-back heismans there are some people that think Michael penix might have just as good a chance to win I've heard that now yeah because he's healthy now so yeah he's fully healthy like I said his receiving core is really good and I don't think many people are gonna stop him yeah they're gonna put up at least like 40 several times okay now I want you to make the case for Oregon if Oregon's gonna win the conference what do they have to do what do they have on paper Oregon is the most talented team in the Pac-12 and they've done an amazing job from Mario Diaz I mean uh Manny Diaz to uh not many did Mario crystal ball was their coach I was thinking of Miami's Old Coach Mario crystal ball recruited very well for Oregon it didn't lead to them making the run people expected uh now they bring in I forgot the coach's name Oregon head coach foreign Dan Lanning Dan Lanning has continued recruiting at a very high level um they just this is uh it's I've said almost the same thing for every Pac-12 team they have to show it no Pac-12 team had a great defense last year Utah had a good defense Oregon state had a really good defense but like none of the most talented teams have really good defenses I don't know if it's a West Coast thing I don't know if it's because of the style of play has changed so much but Oregon has the at least recruits and high level talent to do it and one guy I'm paying attention to DJ all young lele's little brother I think his name is Mateo oh yeah he is a true freshman at Oregon he was the top defensive end in the country and uh it's gonna be really fun seeing Oregon play Oregon State little brother versus big brother but yeah he's he's expected to play a lot on the defensive line as a defensive end and give them a lot of pass Russian ability Oregon has the most Talent bonix is really good I don't I might swing myself to say the number I'm just gonna stick with Washington that's my number one right now I was just trying to get get a case made for the how that team would overcome like Oregon has what it takes to win the Pac-12 yeah but I I don't know what it is I just I just see Michael penix in that Washington offense just consistently outplaying everybody else okay um is there any other Pac-12 team you want to mention I like Arizona they went from one win to five wins last year they have a ton of Talent on offense the recruiting has gone up another level MacMillan is a guy to watch he's assault he was a five-star guy last year picked Arizona over Oregon he was their highest rated Recruiting School history when he when he committed and he was instantly uh impact guy he's going to be an NFL guy he's a big play 6'4 like almost 200 pounds he can run he can go up and get it he's an overall just problemat receiver so he's one to watch uh uh yeah I I hope they can win six games and get to a ball they have enough Firepower to do it but looking at their schedule yeah Mississippi State week two won't be easy they got Washington USC Washington State and Oregon in four straight weeks yeah their their schedule isn't easy they can go six and six you know I'm just gonna predict it they're gonna go six and six they're gonna be like the the team right in the middle of the Pac-12 because I I think they they have enough to do it after winning five last year they can win six okay yeah are you sad to see the Pac-12 disappear because that's basically what's gonna happen I personally this is the salute to the best I personally haven't loved like what that conference has been recently I've still watched like Pac-12 after dark has been entertaining in the past few years but see their teams like can never get over the hump yeah Washington made the playoff and got smacked by Alabama one year Oregon making the playoff in like the very first year was the one time they had a chance and they just they couldn't beat Ohio State right yeah they they just always been a league that's been known for finesse and not being physical enough to make real runs like there's a reason why Utah has always come out on in the in the past few years right because the other teams just they don't have what it takes to outlast like a real physical team and Utah just always figures it out in the end yeah that could be different this year this being the last year in the conference but you can't count out Utah because they've done it two years in a row it's gonna be weird seeing the West Coast Conference go on yeah it is going to be very strange like the Rose Bowl I don't know what the Rose Bowl becomes now like it was like the Pac-12 slash pac-10 Champion versus the Big Ten Champion that's what the Rose Bowl was for over 40 years right so changing that it's it's just it's strange yeah for me I don't have too many like fond memories of the Pack 12 necessarily um back when I like remember watching like Stanford had some good teams of course with Andrew luck um Oregon was always my team though I'll be honest teams with like Dennis Dixon or Marcus Mariota I was about to say you were Joey Harrington guy no that was before that was before I got into football Joey Harrington was way before I got it Dennis Dixon was when like Chip Kelly started putting yeah yeah well Michael James De'Anthony Thomas yeah they were just a fun team to watch and I always said that if I ever played college sports and I had a ton of D1 offers to any school that I wanted to go to I would pick Oregon every day um so that's like the only team that I can really even think about that I have somewhat sadness ego never really liked USC never really liked UCLA um UCLA the last couple years were fun with DTR and uh Chardonnay going over there but I don't know USC I always hated too because they're quarterbacks for a long time never worked out in the NFL and stuff and I don't know just bothered me one of those weird things you know uh kind of like the uh the Ohio State quarterback deal for a while um so to me it doesn't hurt that much I'm sure for the College fans it's probably pretty tough but um yeah I will say I feel bad for Oregon State because they're they're starting to like re-emerge as a football program yeah and now they're just being left right in the middle of nowhere yeah and that that really sucks like I'm a fan of what Oregon state is becoming yeah and a lot of people have proposed uh I think you included talking about them moving to the Mountain West which is they would become like the top dog conference that's what I'm saying though that would just be awful for them to be in a basically non-competitive conference in my opinion uh at least for where they're at right now um but yeah at least in basketball the Mountain West wouldn't be too bad um but yeah yeah it's weird it's gonna be weird and it's gonna keep happening like we like we talked about more conferences are gonna probably start dissolving it's it's gonna be weird before we move on okay we haven't brought up Colorado in prime time okay that's there I thought about that they're the team everybody's watching to see if they're listen they won one game last year yeah whatever criticism you want to put on Dion in this first year I think it's not warranted in one bit unless it's like just it completely falls apart which listen this is like a portal team yeah he basically he like brought in a 70 to 80 brand new team right this is unprecedented for college football he brought in his son shadora from Jackson State who I believe in I believe in his talent I think he will eventually be NFL quarterback I think he will put up good numbers I think he has recruited well for this first team I think he's brought in a bunch of good transfers and Travis Hunter could literally be a starting corner or a receiver at any school in the country that is how much of a Phenom Talent Travis Hunter is will they make a bowl game I don't think so I think at best at best they win five if they win six games Dion might be packed 12 cups of the year yeah because that this what he's doing this is like the next like version of a rebuild right just completely flipping it he's flipping 18 from one year to the next and trying to make it work in one like in this first year yeah ah I don't know if if they win four games that's a successful season to me last year they were probably like they were bottom three divorce teams in the FBS they were they were by far the worst Power five team in college football last year right it was disgusting so if they win four or five games it is a five games is a huge success they make a ball game that's crazy yeah I just hope they I hope they win four if they if they go three and nine I wouldn't be surprised and it wouldn't be scary to me because it's so much of a flip and a rebuild right yeah Pete come on the people like people's opinions are gonna be all over the place we know it's probably going to be absurd yeah but it's yeah they won't be that great yeah and with that the Pac-12 is over rip goodbye um all right move on to a little bit of a preseason football talk for the NFL um a couple of the little news highlights uh I didn't see it yet but you had said that Sam darnold has gotten the number two spot on San Francisco's quarterback depth chart over Trey Lance they got some decisions to make oh boy I think he's he's got to be traded at this point like there's no way they're gonna hold on to him with a young Brock Purdy Sam darnold is technically still young it's like if they already like those two more like they can have them around for longer um and I don't know if they like they're they're Super Bowl window is short that they can't be worrying about developing tray lands I think I think they needed him to maybe develop for a year and figure it out in year two doesn't look like it's happened it's kind of unfortunate I think you can still be a good quarterback but uh probably not going to be with San Francisco I would say um and then another trade that might happen I'm kind of skeptical of it but uh Jonathan Taylor finally did get uh the opportunity where the Colts said you can go and seek out a trade doesn't sound like anybody's gonna be biting um necessarily uh you never know somebody will bite I thought somebody would have bit on Austin Eckler Austin Eckler was in the same situation I know he's a little bit older um but I I don't know and if somebody's interested though it's are the Colts interested in their offer that's the next step that's the problem um and it sounds like nobody wants to give up a first round pick um so I don't know how that's gonna work but it'll be unfortunate if Jonathan Taylor gets traded because I think him and Anthony Richardson would be really exciting um but Jonathan Taylor would also be exciting probably in another location that is a better team overall um preseason week two for the Lions played against the Jaguars oh boy it was not fun to watch I watched it for like the first quarter and it was ugly it was not great they didn't play like any starters so there was nothing to really go off of um I think Knight Nate sudfeld probably ended his career with that game he's a veteran backup so somebody really feel bad for him somebody will put him on their roster practice squad QB Nate sutfeld oh man he went nine for 18 threw a touchdown threw a terrible interception Teddy obviously wasn't comfortable at all yet no yeah uh good old two gloves he he also number 50. yeah it was a bit much it's a lot uh Bridgewater went for five for eleven for 34 yards not getting much done the running game was awful um but again Jamir gives him play none of the wide receivers played they let all the young guys go don't Drummond I think there were maybe like two or three good things from this game yeah one of them sign Chase Coda I'm I am on the chase code he had a good punt return he had a touchdown catch he had another catch that looked like it was going to be very impressive yeah that Teddy through to the sideline and he reached out to grab like that kid can play I think that was kind of the biggest problem that I had was this game was supposed to like give us knowledge of what wide receiver they were going to keep between like Drummond Antoine green Chase Coda like who was going to maybe make like the depth chart and not be practice squad and uh they didn't have a quarterback throwing to them yeah throughout the entire game this one in those very few moments Chase Coda really stood out yeah and Jack Campbell to me he's he's for real I'm gonna say this every single week I love the Jack Campbell pick then and I'm gonna keep loving it like he is the guy yeah yeah the defense didn't look too bad uh for the most part um James Houston got a sack John Kaminsky got a sack they both look pretty good this is I'm gonna ask you a question that might be a little out there hot takish okay there are moments where where James Houston looks like an absolute like he looks like like a perennial Pro Bowl pass rusher at times does this dude have like in a secret unlocked potential because it's like on a daily not a daily bit from a game to game basis there's at least one play where he just either like bends around offensive lineman or just runs through somebody yeah and it's like who is this dude I mean he had eight sacks in seven games last year that's what like is is this dude's pretend what do you think this guy's ceiling is because he he shows something every game where it's like how is he doing this yeah we have to keep him around obviously he looks like a serious weapon how much of a weapon do you think he could really be to me it looks like he could maybe be a pro bowler if he stays healthy because he has such natural Talent Rush on the passer yeah I mean I hate to get too over hyped Provo might be a little bit too crazy but like just uh even if he just makes one just like a solid pass rusher guy pass rusher he could easily be a 10 set guy I'm like I'm not taking that away from him um if we could get 12 sacks out of him in a season that's what I I to me he looks like a guy that could potentially be like yeah one or two seasons it's like James Houston has 12 or 13 sacks in back-to-back Seasons yeah and everybody's like where did this dude come from that's how good he looks to me sometimes yeah I think that's how this I think that's how the defensive line could turn out to be honest it sounded like you had a little anger and hope at the same time yeah when you said that it makes it obviously as a lions fan it always makes you nervous when you start to get hyped about things um and you don't want to overblow it but if if Aiden and James Houston can just stay on the same development track that they're on right now they could be a force listen you got them two on the d-line mm-hmm you got Jack Campbell and Rodrigo headhunting mm-hmm Brian Branch apparently is enforcing his way on the roster they're saying they cannot well he's he's forcing himself into like potentially yeah yeah like they're saying they would feel dumb if they didn't start him so they're they're starting to move CJ Gardner Johnson around and Brian Branch looks like he's going to start with Tracy Walker so they they have young guys at every level of the defense that I know can be impacted I know and I'm not even drinking the blue Kool-Aid I know yeah and I'm just you know I'm just looking at it how it is people think that elim McNeil is gonna be a good pick and um we've seen little things out of like Josh Pascal finally little little signs maybe is the dude they picked out of Western Kentucky is he hurt um I haven't heard like a peep about him I'm trying to think who is that what his name um oh it's it's jarring my mind draft picks I can't I cannot I didn't remember either I can just pull up their roster maybe um his name is who can find it first Roderick Martin damn I was literally right there I've heard nothing about project Martin yeah now that you say it I don't know too much either he's had two tackles see I didn't even know he was playing so far but I I do agree I think he's been kind of banged up a little bit as far as I know but yeah I mean it's just looking at the going down the line like apparently there's been some like Julian aguara like trade rumor stuff I would I still think he's got something in there um Romeo kwara like there's good there's a good mix of young guys and some some veteran type guys um I don't know like I said I I hate to say that this team could be really good but like look at our safeties CJ Gardner Johnson Kirby Joseph Tracy Walker Brian branch that's insane and last year our secondary was trash yeah that's maybe the only thing that's exciting I don't know what they're gonna get out of pre-season week three the lines aren't really a team where they play their starters in the preseason they are going to go up the pan against the Panthers too and if the panther Panthers play their starters on defense Lions offense is once again going to have a rough time because without the lines offensive starters that Panthers defense is actually pretty good um so I'll be curious to see what happens there um any other standouts in preseason week two that you can think of um Tana McKee looked really good for the Eagles yeah like his I was getting frustrated watching them play because his receivers were dropping balls and like they just weren't making plays and he was dropping high level like in the bucket passes on back shoulder throws and deep balls like he he can really throw it people don't realize he decided to stay at Stanford and they were terrible and Stanford had like a high level quarterback and they just couldn't get anything done yeah so I was really impressed with Tanner McKee the Giants offense looked really good in their like few drives yeah yeah they looked like Darren Waller was easily getting passes Daniel Jones looks good Jalen Hyatt got a touchdown pass from your boy um from tie rod yep they look good um the Steelers offense looked like they could take a step yeah Kenny pick is starting to look pretty solid like I was gonna mention like my whole thing was going to be young quarterbacks looked good we both really enjoyed Sam Howell on Monday night oh yeah he looked really good he and Jahan Dotson look like they have some good chemistry going um and that's unfortunate for Terry McLaren um he did get some turf toe so he might be banged up heading into week one but they said it shouldn't shouldn't matter but like the commanders they could be sneaky good they could be interesting yeah they won did they win nine games last year um maybe it was eight maybe like they were eight eight and one yeah I don't think they quite made they won eight games last year in at times they were like they've got stuff They Got Talent on both sides of the ball exactly yeah they have a stable offense they can really surprise people they got a lot of good guys at skill positions um things like that yeah the overall standout rookie quarterback in preseason has been Aiden O'Connell yeah and that's been really surprising like he's he's been efficient he's been accurate right he's throwing like three touchdowns to no picks yeah he's been really impressive which honestly it could be nice for the Raiders like if if Jimmy Garoppolo gets hurt or struggles even the Raiders might just decide to to reset and just go with Aiden O'Connell I I wouldn't be completely surprised if that happens yeah uh the other one I was going to mention too is just more of um confidence for Malik Willis I think again he still looks he looks really good of course running the ball against the Vikings his throwing is getting better it's still a little shaky at times but it looks like he's just gonna outright beat will Levis on the depth chart which is another scary thing and then also for Tennessee taijae Spears looks really good so like if if Derrick Henry goes down at all or anything like that that could be that could be good for them yeah my boy deuce had another impressive run only average like 2.8 to carry but we're not going to talk about that that's okay yeah he's still figuring out the game but in in the open field he is obviously super hard to contain yeah he's just so Elusive and at his size people have a hard time like getting the Target on them right so he's he's gonna make a lot of people Miss oh the other one we have to talk about but I almost forgot your real boy Ronnie Bell listen I know he's playing against backups and stuff and he's not playing against the starters listen I have said and I I had a tweet a few years ago it might have been at the start of last season or it's two seasons ago I can't remember I tweeted and I I don't think anybody responded I tweeted that Ronnie Bell was just as good as Chris olave in that if he was at Ohio State he would put up the exact same numbers Ryan Bell is going to be a good NFL receiver for a long time yeah and if you're a receiver at the University of Michigan I am kind of depressed at this moment to say having a career like Ronnie Bells is like as good as it gets at Michigan right now and I don't know if it's just Harbaugh's fault or the way the offense has been constructed Michigan's offense has not been built to let a receiver have a high level season for years now yeah yeah Nico Collins Dan Donovan people's Jones if either of those guys were at Ohio State they would be first round picks yeah and Donovan people Jones was like a seventh round pick Nico was like a third round pick because he blew off the combine we might be able to see Nico this year though yeah he might be Texans number one but listen Ronnie Bell is a very good receiver just as good as a lot of guys that put up better numbers in college and he's showing his skill yeah he he show he's he has great hands he's a great route Runner he's not the fastest but he's quick he's a very good number too yeah and he could easily find himself into that number three slot um for the 49ers yeah I think obviously Devo Samuel and Brandon ayuk number one but like we've seen Juwan Jennings um before and it seems like the 49ers always have kind of a a random third receiver that's out there oh like Ray Ray McLeod um this is another one so like I think he could definitely jump in there and uh be that number three guy so yeah um last thing I wanted to mention really quick too Baker Mayfield is the starter for Tampa Bay how long do you think they'll last when did the Kyle Trask era begin because Kyle Trask looked pretty good in the preseason I'm looking at the Buccaneers schedule Vikings week one their defense isn't anything crazy right Bears week two Eagles week three Saints week four lines that stretch of weeks four through six might things might get really scary for Baker yeah yeah Eagles Saints and lions defenses back to back to back right there might be some picks and some fumbles and there will be some Rumblings about Kyle Trask around week seven okay yeah the Falcons defense isn't anything to yeah they'll be they should be all right too and then the bills do for you around week seven might be the time people are like let's just put trash in and see what he has yeah man the Box schedule is kind of brutal I also got to play the 49ers tough hmm interesting okay unless this is just another year where Baker Mayfield all of a sudden he just figures it out I mean he's got Mike Evans which it seems like a perfect yeah him he's got Chris Godwin yeah he's got pieces around him right just uh depends if he can use them or not all right that does it for today we have college football this weekend Malik yeah and I won't be watching at all um next week we talk about the big weekend yeah week one we'll do a full on Big Ten preview we'll get to any other teams that we can um and then then the following week NFL season kicks off and then we're just back into talking about games perfect so this has been views from the sidelines we'll see you guys next time pack 12. we might not miss you that much but it's still sad that you're going	the views and opinions expressed on the following program are those of the host and guests and do not necessarily reflect the policy or position of ontd is management staff or board of directors and hello and welcome into views from the sidelines that is when we killed i am joey tysik and we are at the end of august already and getting into september we are literally finally into football season i am saying officially because we are in week 0 for college football even though i do not care about college football week 0 malik do you care about college football week 0 it is going to bring me life it is going to make me happy i might shed a tear that is how that is how much this means to me and we have officially lost him listen i am just it it is not that sometimes it is not really that dramatic that is too much i am i am going to be watching just because i love all college football big programs small programs i am not going to pay attention to umass throughout the season or new mexico state in week 7 but just for this one week i am going to be interested in what these teams look like okay well yeah we will get to a couple week 0 topics in a minute but one like outside the box note that we wanted to talk about james harden got fined a $100000 for calling daryl mori a liar at the end of the day it is only a $100000 if this was like you know some mid level player maybe i would care a little bit was this james harden we are talking about he has got shoe deals he has got endorsements he has got lots of money a $100000 is nothing i think someone could you could say he does not need to play in the nba anymore would you agree with that 0 yeah he could easily retire there is even like rumors that he wants to go play in china now let us let us just keep this so let us let us get this going so get james harden out of the nba how about that people i mean though and then the nba players association is kind of doing their i do not know i do not want to call it knight in shining armor but i guess like they are just trying to do their job where they are trying to dispute the $100000 fine saying that it was not needed i am kind of on the fence about it i do not know like i feel like hardin needed some sort of punishment because you can not just like go out and call like start calling people liars necessarily i do not know but at the same time like you kind of can say what he wants and it is daryl mori is idea to respond to it i do not know it is it is a weird kind of dumb situation very dumb so i do not want to like linger on it but it is just weird it is just weird this was no rules or regulations to the power player empowerment era things like this are going to happen more out more often i think like there are there are multiple players in the nba then i can imagine being disgruntled soon or demanding a trade soon or quote unquote making things uncomfortable yeah for an organization like even though he got an extension and he is making tons of money i i would not be surprised in 2 or 3 years maybe 2 years it is like karl anthony towns in minnesota just start just started getting angry with the organization and started beefing with anthony edwards because i think him him and anthony edwards are on 2 different wavelengths anthony edwards is a dog yeah carl anthony towns is extremely talented but he is he is not cut from the same cloth as anthony edwards carl anthony towns changed the game hey you see little 3 put those 3 pointers he hit nobody incredible nobody was doing it before him listen dirk nowitzki who was that bill and bear who is that and these reasons who is that i want someone like carl anthony towns will most likely get very sad and upset and emotional in the next few years because it usually happens in minnesota but like i said him and anthony edwards anthony edwards is the face of that franchise and should be seen as such and not just him it will be other guys yeah i mean players can voice their opinion whenever they want and there are not many repercussions so yeah yeah it would be very different if david stern was still the commissioner ronnie yeah no i agree i fully agree other thing i wanted to mention have you watched hard knocks at all yes i watched the 1st 2 episodes okay that is exactly where i am at i have not watched the 3rd one because it comes out at like 10 p m right yes and i do not care as much about the jets as i did last year for the lions i do not care about hard knocks like i used to yeah it is a really good excited even towards the end of the lions season last year i started to kind of tell off of it was not as excited i think just because at towards the end like your art like the following week is nfl season so like you do not care as much anymore about training camp because you are ready to see them actually on the field playing a real game also i do not know if people realize every nfl team has a youtube channel and every nfl team is youtube channel has pre season videos yes that are basically the length of hard knocks yeah and they do a lot they literally go to every nfl youtube channel and they have 40 minute long videos of players being miked up and like code yeah yeah and some even turn them into a documentary style feature so yeah it is hard this day and age i think hard knock still does a good job to me this is not as appealing because it is just like focusing on aaron rodgers taking the reigns whereas like it was cool last year for the lions because they they kind of surrounded it as a young lions team and they talked about all these players that were trying to make the team and you saw guys like bugs and i remember the big one was khalil pimpleton who did not end up making it and stuff so like there was all these fringe guys that you kind of like got involved with hoping they could make it or understanding their life and and their background and stuff and we have not really seen that in the jets so far i know it is only 2 episodes but at the same time they focus so much on aaron rodgers in the 1st 2 episodes i am curious where they will go after that whole thing has fallen off i mean you are you are not wrong i mean they are every season of hard knock there would be like a 3rd string guy undrafted that they would follow there would be 2 or 3 rookies there would be like one of the superstars they would like personally follow like 4 or 5 different types of players yeah yeah the 1st 2 episodes has been like 70 to 80 aaron rodgers yeah and then a few players after that which is for the most part which is weird because the jets have like have some guys that are interesting yeah israel about anaconda he is from new york right and they were they really have not even talked about it he is had a good season but he is going to get overshadowed because when they bring in dalvin cook i know that is obviously going to be a whole episode so yeah i do not know it is interesting i like it i like i always like to seeing the coaches like the different coaching styles and the and then comparing to them like nathaniel hackett is kind of fun and joking and robert sala is always like what is next what is next and that is like their whole mantra so that kind of stuff is is interesting to me but yeah i am kind of with you like it it kind of tails off a little bit i did like seeing the narrator though leave forever yeah that was cool that was pretty cool and aaron rodgers kept describing him as god or the voice of god that was pretty funny so i hate to say it that i do not i do not mind aaron rodgers in this and that is weird for me to say this is a like a very controversial opinion today i have never hated aaron rodgers yeah like he is never personally made me angry like i i have appreciated how good of a quarterback he is yeah and just watching them throw the ball is pretty pretty fun but like all the stuff off the field i he says weird stuff i am like okay darkness retreats right do my own research ah okay yeah i think that is part of it for me too is like aaron rodgers to me i think he is very much like like russell westbrook in the reasons that i do not necessarily like him like i think sometimes he gets overvalued i think russ is just he is very aggressive all the time and he he does not necessarily have like super strong stances he is just always like kind of yeah aaron rodgers is kind of a mix of russ and maybe kyrie or something he is the mix of yes kyrie toy even like deeper extent yeah for sure but like i i especially hate this year and it is not necessarily aaron rodgers either like i yeah i also do not like his off field stuff it is kind of weird but it seems like he is a good teammate it seems like people like him they are going to show his best highlights in the in hard knocks but his throwing looks amazing so if he can do that like this during the season it will be kind of like tom brady for me where i i am not i have never been a big tom brady fan but like watching tom brady in his last couple years like you could not deny some of the throws he made were incredible so if aaron rodgers can do that i will get it but i do not know it is it is a confusing time for me because i i just hate how much hype the jets are getting right now i know that their defense is really good people think that aaron rodgers is going going to be back to mvp form but i mean last year he did not look so good so to me it is it is a little bit overhyped i guess but that is going to happen either way where do i want to go to next 0 let us just talk about week 0 because then we can finish off with pre season stuff and we can just kind of talk whatever about the preseason that we want week 0 college football like we said a lot of duds not not not too many exciting things but you do have some top teams in notre dame and usc playing notre dame is going to take on navy usc is going to take on san jose state and but unless you have like a fire stick where you can watch like all games they are playing on the pac 12 so most people probably will not even see the game navy notre dame is on nbc and notre dame is favored by 20 and a half yeah the only like real interesting game outside of those 2 ohio and san diego state are both going to be good teams so even like if you watch mac football some people are big fans of like them action football during the week ohio is going to be one of the better teams in the mac and san diego state who was coached by brady hoke is they have made a bold like they are they have been a consistent bowl team for like more than over a decade yeah so they they play good physical football so that should be a fun game and 3rd string quarterback for the jaguars nathan rourke the guy that made that circus play against the cowboys where he fell down and threw the touchdown pass his brother curtis rourke is arguably one of the best quarterbacks in the country t is put up like fantastic numbers and he is probably going to be another like nfl caliber guy so he will be fun to watch how interested are you the most the even line the like according to betting the best game is utep versus jacksonville state how interested are you i disagree strongly that is the even line the only interesting part about that game utep has a fun offense jacksonville state is coached by rich rodriguez that is fun yeah that is about as fun as it gets i i think utah is going to win if i am double digits double digits most likely umass no new mexico state there is there is no reason to really pay today it is there is no real reason you can pass that one okay i want to talk about navy notre dame for just a minute because navy as a new coach does that matter though it does not they are going to lose but i am just saying candy and matalolo coach navy for like the past 20 years and our navy has a new coach they are the most they are they are just the most predictable team of all time are you saying that because they were on the option yes is that every team that runs the option probably but i feel like navy is kind of that notable team you know especially with the army navy game like navy through through 91 passes last year yeah they are actually on that is only attempts i can not remember the exact rule or why it was implemented but for some reason there was an implementation where you those teams can not run the option like they used to anymore so now navy and army have to like pass a little bit more so it will not it will not be as slow and methodical as it used to be like they have to play with a little bit of pace yeah so we will see how that looks it is just it is it is a weird thing listen i i love that the option is still a thing i i enjoy it because i mean i like watching the options they will never be able to recruit like high level players yeah to run like these like these newer generation offenses so if you do not run that option what do you do yeah but just find somebody that can like pass out of the option there is still passing plays out of the option yeah but they go with but that is also hard how do you get a good quarterback to come to a service academy school i do not know it is going to happen i mean hey david robinson keenan reynolds was the heisman candidate and he barely threw the ball he was his elite at running the ball yeah yeah yeah yeah notre dame is going to wipe the floor with him unfortunately last year notre dame won but it was not like a complete embarrassment like those option teams still figure out how to make it hard like army almost beat oklahoma a few years ago carla murray is team michigan barely beat army that was one of the most frustrating games i have ever seen but those option teams can frustrate big bigger level teams yeah what should we watch out for with notre dame this season sam hartman is their quarterback came from wake forest he is the all time passing leader in the acc history a lot of yards a lot of touchdowns a lot of picks also because he is a gunslinger but they are bringing in bringing him in hoping that he is the 1st quarterback honestly in a in a long time that can like be stable and also like have high level flashes they brought in so many recruits that have been disappointments in the past decade that like ian book is one of the better quarterbacks they have had in the past 20 years yeah and that is not a good reflection of quarterback history at a high level program right so they are looking for sam horton and sam hartman to like be the stability act quarterback they are bringing back audric estimated running back he is like 5 11 230 he is huge they are still trying to figure out receiver but they lose michael mayer yeah one of the best tight ends in the country drafted by the raiders yep they are figuring out they are they are basically figuring out all like pass catching options receiver tight end they got to find out who their main guys are so yeah they are going to be figuring things out the 1st few weeks okay let us bounce over to usc san jose state just so we can get into we wanted to talk about the the pac 12 a little bit today usc is bringing back the number one guy caleb williams and there is talk that he may not declare for the draft where is that coming from i saw it today why would he do that that depending on who has the number one pick that he might get picky well what you as the number one peak you have leverage even though eli manning had the mannings behind him like you you can say i am not going here and you can hold out like he can still go into the craft you can tank workouts if you really wanted to the quarterbacks have done this john elway told the colts i am not going to the colts and he ended up a bronco like these things happen yeah and like he could just i do not know but yeah there is so many ways he is i would not judge him either because he would not be the 1st to do it yeah and plus waiting another year it that is not going to really change much either he is going to the big 10 really going to change things you are the top pick already yeah but like if you are the top pick next year you are most likely going to be you are going to have that same little list of teams that might get it exactly so it is kind of weird but usc are they the are they an outright favorite to win this division or this conference some people think they are i do not think they are okay they have gotten more pieces in the transfer portal on defense they have recruited pretty decently but those are like freshmen and sophomores you can not fully rely on them yeah i still do not think the usc defense is going to be very good they they need to be at least average to win the pac 12 and i need to see them prove that they can be at least average against better teams like i think washington has a chance michael pinnix is back they have one of the best receiving cores in the country several guys that will be in the nfl right they are they have got a veteran defense coming back oregon is bringing back bo nicks he has got receiving to like you can not say the washington and oregon do not have chances right i have not i have not brought up utah yeah who is won the pac 12 the past 2 years like is is there so many other options at the top 3 specifically that i i just i can not just say just because usc has caleb williams that everything is going to be smooth for them like yeah they still have to go out and prove it they almost lost to oregon state last year who was a quality team and might be even better this year so yeah there is no way i would say usc is like the obvious favorite right and utah really only lost dalton kincaid and they lose any defensive guys this year they lost a few guys they lost their best corner i forgot his name he got drafted by the falcons they lost a few guys but they have they have recruited so well and they are always so well coached that yeah their defense is always good at least they never have a bad defense yeah although cam rising he is still dealing with his injury from last year people do not know if he is going to be fully healthy for week one against florida so that is a bit of a question but once once pac 12 games get going i assume he is going to be out there playing yeah so you have would you say you have usc washington then utah i personally i would have washington 1st okay and then usc and then out of usc and oregon tied at 2 okay that washington offense if they are healthy i think they there is no defense on the pac 12 that can stop them i think they are just as dangerous as usc is offense and most people would not think that just because usc has caleb williams washington is offense was a handful to deal with last year right and they averaged like 30 something almost 40 points a game i would have washington at one personally and then usc and oregon tied at 2 because i i do not think there is a lot of separation between the 2 oregon is more talented on defense but they still have to show that they can put it all together on the field yeah and then i would probably have i would have utah at 4 but i believe in oregon state a lot that pins on dj 0 youngale a ton yeah who just got named the starter at oregon state coming from clemson right yeah it is interesting because not a lot of these teams really lost anybody of significance that i can think of off the top most their every top team brought back their quarterback in most of their main options on offense yeah so you got caleb williams you got michael penick is bonix in there dj maybe camera camera rising is like roots set at like the 4th best quarterback in that cam rising would be like a top 2 quarterback in most conferences but the pac 12 is just so stacked in terms of top quarterbacks yeah i guess the team that i did not mention that would be the team that lost the most would be ucla it went i i was just about to say we have not even brought up ucla right which was going to be my next thing of like is there another team that you could think that maybe sneaks into potentially being good like a dark horse 0 yeah that i think i i do not think they are a 10 win team necessarily but because they they have to replace quarterback dorian thompson robinson is gone they brought in dante moore from detroit still breaks my heart him and ethan garbers are battling for the number one job it seems like ethan garver is a guy that has been in the program for a few years is kind of like in the lead right now right but i assume dante moore will play eventually dante moore is the martin luther king quarterback yeah okay just 5 star yeah yeah right in my opinion he was the best quarterback in this class yeah of freshman guys for sure the ucla they brought in like some really good receivers in the transfer portal a kid from cal j michael sturdivant and a kid from usc kyle ford and my personally after the michigan running backs one of my favorite running backs in the country kid named carson steele really good name kid out of hot kid out of indiana he has long blonde hair he runs super hard he was at ball state last year he rushed for like 1600 yards and like 15 touchdowns and he decided to transfer to ucla he might be their number one back with zach charbonnet leaving so i like what they have on offense yeah but they are another team kind of like usc where they they have some really good pieces on offense but the defense has been the hang up with chip kelly yeah 1st 1st 4 or 5 years at ucla so i am not sure what the defense will look like but either ethan garbers or dante moore i expect them to play well in chip kelly system and they have the pieces on offense to win 8 or 9 i think they could win 9 games at most 10 would be a major surprise like they would pull off upsets to win 10 games i expect them to be at least a 81 team yeah 7 or 8 so i have to mention the washington msu game yeah is there any hope for the spartans what what week is that that is week 3 yeah listen man i can not wait to get to this big 10 preview they got central and richmond the 1st few weeks those games are not going to tell you anything about msu i know i know 0 and then they just get put into the gauntlet 50 clock on peacock yeah geez what a strange store over living in now right luckily it is at msu it is at msu but i also that might not be good because they could shut down that home crown comb crowd very quickly yeah like i i have not heard anything out of the msu camp about the dbs like major making huge improvements like they obviously have talent and they have recruited well in the past few classes right but you have to see if those guys can make impacts like msu is front 7 what they have done recruiting and through the transfer portal i think they will be pretty strong yeah like jacoby winmen coming back he will be a good pass rusher and i forgot the name of the guy they brought from texas a m he is like a hybrid defensive end defensive tackle he is really powerful on the line but hey man i got to see what noah kim or katen hauser does on offense who is the running back who are the main 2 main 2 running backs going to be yeah who are the who is your receiver i mean you you got to do not want to talk about it you got the kid 0 my god the kid from pontiac he was like the number 3 trey mosley you got trey mosley he is a he is dependable yeah but you do not know if he is your number one malik carr might be like your most dangerous yeah i have had a lot of i have had a lot of hope for malik carr he looked good last year so hopefully there there is some more growth there yeah they they got to they also brought in like 2 other tight ends in the transfer portal so i do not know if they are trying to work in like a 2 or 3 tight end system i am not sure yeah but they got to target him a lot they they got to draw things to get him the ball yeah but i i do not know how much of a chance they have i mean washington in that game i honestly also do not know what their running back room is going to be like how they are going to do like they brought back burger elijah collins went to oregon state oklahoma state oklahoma state you are right the jalen burger showed signs last year yeah he shows the promise of when he was a high 4 star guy yeah i mean you got the the kid from georgia i can not remember his name he is like a junior now you got a lot he played a lot as a freshman is that very sorry no he he came in as a recruit a few years ago it is his last name simmons 0 yeah you are right okay i will have to look it up yeah i want to look at the stats jordan simmons yeah jordan simmons is back yeah yeah i do not i do not know what like what their hopes are for him i just hate that they have a revolving door of running yeah jalenberg you got jared broussard you got simmons yeah yeah i am not 100 sure yeah yeah you losing jaden reed is just tough yes he was the ultimate playmate no losing keon coleman is tough sorry that was i listen we are saving the deep dive for the yeah i know i am going too far i am going too far just when i was like really liking keon coleman too but yeah i i do not i do not i do not know how they stay within double digits of washington that offense is just too dangerous unless noah kim is him yeah they they will have to get like consistent pressure on michael pennix yeah to have a chance and either noah kim arcade and hauser has to be him yeah to keep pace right how is washington is defense washington is defense like has been sell me on them winning the pack they have been somewhat underwhelming since jimmy lake left because he was all defense and like no offense and that is what made them so terrible that that one year he was head coach yeah so they brought in caitlin deboer and his in his 1st season they win 10 games and their defense was just good enough to keep them in in like most games but they have to take a next step if they want to win the conference okay they they have to be able to take a next step like they on on paper they do not have any like standout superstar guy they have a few guys that are like potential all conference but they do not have like that all american guy unless somebody emerges but yeah okay they should they should be slight at least slightly better okay they should be an okay defense so then do you think it would be fairly easy for usc to take over to take them over at number one like in the conference because you think washington is going to win right that is what you said also i would have them at number one because there is it is something about lincoln riley teams and specifically this 2nd chapter of this usc lincoln riley team they do not have enough on defense okay 1st of all lincoln riley does not coach defense really yeah right and secondly they do not he does not have the players like he brought in bear alexander from georgia a big 5 star defensive tackle that was a freshman last year he already has a few like he has some knick knack injuries in camp that has kept him out that you do not have any like star players on that defense and because lincoln riley is the coach i do not trust them to play very good defense for the most part so they are they are talented enough to win most games because of their offense right but they are also keep teams in it like arizona has the has the offense to most likely stay in a game with them like last year they did i think usc beat arizona like 49 to like 42 last year hopefully their defense is better than that now yeah but i do not know so you just think that caleb williams has to be even better than he has been if they want to like he has to basically be only he has to stay healthy and be just as good or even better okay for them to win the car if they win the conference they are going to the playoffs right yeah and i just do not i just can not see that i can not see them getting to the playoff okay because 1st of all the caleb williams and nobody is won 2 kinds have been since the 70s right i do not see him winning back to back heismans there are some people that think michael penix might have just as good a chance to win i have heard that now yeah because he is healthy now so yeah he is fully healthy like i said his receiving core is really good and i do not think many people are going to stop him yeah they are going to put up at least like 40 several times okay now i want you to make the case for oregon if oregon is going to win the conference what do they have to do what do they have on paper oregon is the most talented team in the pac 12 and they have done an amazing job from mario diaz i mean manny diaz to not many did mario crystal ball was their coach i was thinking of miami is old coach mario crystal ball recruited very well for oregon it did not lead to them making the run people expected now they bring in i forgot the coach is name oregon head coach foreign dan lanning dan lanning has continued recruiting at a very high level they just this is it is i have said almost the same thing for every pac 12 team they have to show it no pac 12 team had a great defense last year utah had a good defense oregon state had a really good defense but like none of the most talented teams have really good defenses i do not know if it is a west coast thing i do not know if it is because of the style of play has changed so much but oregon has the at least recruits and high level talent to do it and one guy i am paying attention to dj all young lele is little brother i think his name is mateo 0 yeah he is a true freshman at oregon he was the top defensive end in the country and it is going to be really fun seeing oregon play oregon state little brother versus big brother but yeah he is he is expected to play a lot on the defensive line as a defensive end and give them a lot of pass russian ability oregon has the most talent bonix is really good i do not i might swing myself to say the number i am just going to stick with washington that is my number one right now i was just trying to get get a case made for the how that team would overcome like oregon has what it takes to win the pac 12 yeah but i i do not know what it is i just i just see michael penix in that washington offense just consistently outplaying everybody else okay is there any other pac 12 team you want to mention i like arizona they went from one win to 5 wins last year they have a ton of talent on offense the recruiting has gone up another level macmillan is a guy to watch he is assault he was a 5 star guy last year picked arizona over oregon he was their highest rated recruiting school history when he when he committed and he was instantly impact guy he is going to be an nfl guy he is a big play 6 4 like almost £200 he can run he can go up and get it he is an overall just problemat receiver so he is one to watch yeah i i hope they can win 6 games and get to a ball they have enough firepower to do it but looking at their schedule yeah mississippi state week 2 will not be easy they got washington usc washington state and oregon in 4 straight weeks yeah their their schedule is not easy they can go 6 and 6 you know i am just going to predict it they are going to go 6 and 6 they are going to be like the the team right in the middle of the pac 12 because i i think they they have enough to do it after winning 5 last year they can win 6 okay yeah are you sad to see the pac 12 disappear because that is basically what is going to happen i personally this is the salute to the best i personally have not loved like what that conference has been recently i have still watched like pac 12 after dark has been entertaining in the past few years but see their teams like can never get over the hump yeah washington made the playoff and got smacked by alabama one year oregon making the playoff in like the very 1st year was the one time they had a chance and they just they could not beat ohio state right yeah they they just always been a league that has been known for finesse and not being physical enough to make real runs like there is a reason why utah has always come out on in the in the past few years right because the other teams just they do not have what it takes to outlast like a real physical team and utah just always figures it out in the end yeah that could be different this year this being the last year in the conference but you can not count out utah because they have done it 2 years in a row it is going to be weird seeing the west coast conference go on yeah it is going to be very strange like the rose bowl i do not know what the rose bowl becomes now like it was like the pac 12 slash pac 10 champion versus the big 10 champion that is what the rose bowl was for over 40 years right so changing that it is it is just it is strange yeah for me i do not have too many like fond memories of the pack 12 necessarily back when i like remember watching like stanford had some good teams of course with andrew luck oregon was always my team though i will be honest teams with like dennis dixon or marcus mariota i was about to say you were joey harrington guy no that was before that was before i got into football joey harrington was way before i got it dennis dixon was when like chip kelly started putting yeah yeah well michael james de anthony thomas yeah they were just a fun team to watch and i always said that if i ever played college sports and i had a ton of d one offers to any school that i wanted to go to i would pick oregon every day so that is like the only team that i can really even think about that i have somewhat sadness ego never really liked usc never really liked ucla ucla the last couple years were fun with dtr and chardonnay going over there but i do not know usc i always hated too because they are quarterbacks for a long time never worked out in the nfl and stuff and i do not know just bothered me one of those weird things you know kind of like the the ohio state quarterback deal for a while so to me it does not hurt that much i am sure for the college fans it is probably pretty tough but yeah i will say i feel bad for oregon state because they are they are starting to like re emerge as a football program yeah and now they are just being left right in the middle of nowhere yeah and that that really sucks like i am a fan of what oregon state is becoming yeah and a lot of people have proposed i think you included talking about them moving to the mountain west which is they would become like the top dog conference that is what i am saying though that would just be awful for them to be in a basically non competitive conference in my opinion at least for where they are at right now but yeah at least in basketball the mountain west would not be too bad but yeah yeah it is weird it is going to be weird and it is going to keep happening like we like we talked about more conferences are going to probably start dissolving it is it is going to be weird before we move on okay we have not brought up colorado in prime time okay that is there i thought about that they are the team everybody is watching to see if they are listen they won one game last year yeah whatever criticism you want to put on dion in this 1st year i think it is not warranted in one bit unless it is like just it completely falls apart which listen this is like a portal team yeah he basically he like brought in a 70 to 80 brand new team right this is unprecedented for college football he brought in his son shadora from jackson state who i believe in i believe in his talent i think he will eventually be nfl quarterback i think he will put up good numbers i think he has recruited well for this 1st team i think he is brought in a bunch of good transfers and travis hunter could literally be a starting corner or a receiver at any school in the country that is how much of a phenom talent travis hunter is will they make a bowl game i do not think so i think at best at best they win 5 if they win 6 games dion might be packed 12 cups of the year yeah because that this what he is doing this is like the next like version of a rebuild right just completely flipping it he is flipping 18 from one year to the next and trying to make it work in one like in this 1st year yeah ah i do not know if if they win 4 games that is a successful season to me last year they were probably like they were bottom 3 divorce teams in the fbs they were they were by far the worst power 5 team in college football last year right it was disgusting so if they win 4 or 5 games it is a 5 games is a huge success they make a ball game that is crazy yeah i just hope they i hope they win 4 if they if they go 3 and 9 i would not be surprised and it would not be scary to me because it is so much of a flip and a rebuild right yeah pete come on the people like people is opinions are going to be all over the place we know it is probably going to be absurd yeah but it is yeah they will not be that great yeah and with that the pac 12 is over rip goodbye all right move on to a little bit of a preseason football talk for the nfl a couple of the little news highlights i did not see it yet but you had said that sam darnold has gotten the number 2 spot on san francisco is quarterback depth chart over trey lance they got some decisions to make 0 boy i think he is he has got to be traded at this point like there is no way they are going to hold on to him with a young brock purdy sam darnold is technically still young it is like if they already like those 2 more like they can have them around for longer and i do not know if they like they are they are super bowl window is short that they can not be worrying about developing tray lands i think i think they needed him to maybe develop for a year and figure it out in year 2 does not look like it is happened it is kind of unfortunate i think you can still be a good quarterback but probably not going to be with san francisco i would say and then another trade that might happen i am kind of skeptical of it but jonathan taylor finally did get the opportunity where the colts said you can go and seek out a trade does not sound like anybody is going to be biting necessarily you never know somebody will bite i thought somebody would have bit on austin eckler austin eckler was in the same situation i know he is a little bit older but i i do not know and if somebody is interested though it is are the colts interested in their offer that is the next step that is the problem and it sounds like nobody wants to give up a 1st round pick so i do not know how that is going to work but it will be unfortunate if jonathan taylor gets traded because i think him and anthony richardson would be really exciting but jonathan taylor would also be exciting probably in another location that is a better team overall preseason week 2 for the lions played against the jaguars 0 boy it was not fun to watch i watched it for like the 1st quarter and it was ugly it was not great they did not play like any starters so there was nothing to really go off of i think knight nate sudfeld probably ended his career with that game he is a veteran backup so somebody really feel bad for him somebody will put him on their roster practice squad qb nate sutfeld 0 man he went 9 for 18 threw a touchdown threw a terrible interception teddy obviously was not comfortable at all yet no yeah good old 2 gloves he he also number 50 yeah it was a bit much it is a lot bridgewater went for 5 for 11 for 34 yards not getting much done the running game was awful but again jamir gives him play none of the wide receivers played they let all the young guys go do not drummond i think there were maybe like 2 or 3 good things from this game yeah one of them sign chase coda i am i am on the chase code he had a good punt return he had a touchdown catch he had another catch that looked like it was going to be very impressive yeah that teddy through to the sideline and he reached out to grab like that kid can play i think that was kind of the biggest problem that i had was this game was supposed to like give us knowledge of what wide receiver they were going to keep between like drummond antoine green chase coda like who was going to maybe make like the depth chart and not be practice squad and they did not have a quarterback throwing to them yeah throughout the entire game this one in those very few moments chase coda really stood out yeah and jack campbell to me he is he is for real i am going to say this every single week i love the jack campbell pick then and i am going to keep loving it like he is the guy yeah yeah the defense did not look too bad for the most part james houston got a sack john kaminsky got a sack they both look pretty good this is i am going to ask you a question that might be a little out there hot takish okay there are moments where where james houston looks like an absolute like he looks like like a perennial pro bowl pass rusher at times does this dude have like in a secret unlocked potential because it is like on a daily not a daily bit from a game to game basis there is at least one play where he just either like bends around offensive lineman or just runs through somebody yeah and it is like who is this dude i mean he had 8 sacks in 7 games last year that is what like is is this dude is pretend what do you think this guy is ceiling is because he he shows something every game where it is like how is he doing this yeah we have to keep him around obviously he looks like a serious weapon how much of a weapon do you think he could really be to me it looks like he could maybe be a pro bowler if he stays healthy because he has such natural talent rush on the passer yeah i mean i hate to get too over hyped provo might be a little bit too crazy but like just even if he just makes one just like a solid pass rusher guy pass rusher he could easily be a 10 set guy i am like i am not taking that away from him if we could get 12 sacks out of him in a season that is what i i to me he looks like a guy that could potentially be like yeah one or 2 seasons it is like james houston has 12 or 13 sacks in back to back seasons yeah and everybody is like where did this dude come from that is how good he looks to me sometimes yeah i think that is how this i think that is how the defensive line could turn out to be honest it sounded like you had a little anger and hope at the same time yeah when you said that it makes it obviously as a lions fan it always makes you nervous when you start to get hyped about things and you do not want to overblow it but if if aiden and james houston can just stay on the same development track that they are on right now they could be a force listen you got them 2 on the d line you got jack campbell and rodrigo headhunting brian branch apparently is enforcing his way on the roster they are saying they cannot well he is he is forcing himself into like potentially yeah yeah like they are saying they would feel dumb if they did not start him so they are they are starting to move cj gardner johnson around and brian branch looks like he is going to start with tracy walker so they they have young guys at every level of the defense that i know can be impacted i know and i am not even drinking the blue kool aid i know yeah and i am just you know i am just looking at it how it is people think that elim mcneil is going to be a good pick and we have seen little things out of like josh pascal finally little little signs maybe is the dude they picked out of western kentucky is he hurt i have not heard like a peep about him i am trying to think who is that what his name 0 it is it is jarring my mind draft picks i can not i cannot i did not remember either i can just pull up their roster maybe his name is who can find it 1st roderick martin damn i was literally right there i have heard nothing about project martin yeah now that you say it i do not know too much either he is had 2 tackles see i did not even know he was playing so far but i i do agree i think he has been kind of banged up a little bit as far as i know but yeah i mean it is just looking at the going down the line like apparently there has been some like julian aguara like trade rumor stuff i would i still think he has got something in there romeo kwara like there is good there is a good mix of young guys and some some veteran type guys i do not know like i said i i hate to say that this team could be really good but like look at our safeties cj gardner johnson kirby joseph tracy walker brian branch that is insane and last year our secondary was trash yeah that is maybe the only thing that is exciting i do not know what they are going to get out of pre season week 3 the lines are not really a team where they play their starters in the preseason they are going to go up the pan against the panthers too and if the panther panthers play their starters on defense lions offense is once again going to have a rough time because without the lines offensive starters that panthers defense is actually pretty good so i will be curious to see what happens there any other standouts in preseason week 2 that you can think of tana mckee looked really good for the eagles yeah like his i was getting frustrated watching them play because his receivers were dropping balls and like they just were not making plays and he was dropping high level like in the bucket passes on back shoulder throws and deep balls like he he can really throw it people do not realize he decided to stay at stanford and they were terrible and stanford had like a high level quarterback and they just could not get anything done yeah so i was really impressed with tanner mckee the giants offense looked really good in their like few drives yeah yeah they looked like darren waller was easily getting passes daniel jones looks good jalen hyatt got a touchdown pass from your boy from tie rod yep they look good the steelers offense looked like they could take a step yeah kenny pick is starting to look pretty solid like i was going to mention like my whole thing was going to be young quarterbacks looked good we both really enjoyed sam howell on monday night 0 yeah he looked really good he and jahan dotson look like they have some good chemistry going and that is unfortunate for terry mclaren he did get some turf toe so he might be banged up heading into week one but they said it should not should not matter but like the commanders they could be sneaky good they could be interesting yeah they won did they win 9 games last year maybe it was 8 maybe like they were 88 and one yeah i do not think they quite made they won 8 games last year in at times they were like they have got stuff they got talent on both sides of the ball exactly yeah they have a stable offense they can really surprise people they got a lot of good guys at skill positions things like that yeah the overall standout rookie quarterback in preseason has been aiden 0 connell yeah and that has been really surprising like he is he has been efficient he has been accurate right he is throwing like 3 touchdowns to no picks yeah he has been really impressive which honestly it could be nice for the raiders like if if jimmy garoppolo gets hurt or struggles even the raiders might just decide to to reset and just go with aiden 0 connell i i would not be completely surprised if that happens yeah the other one i was going to mention too is just more of confidence for malik willis i think again he still looks he looks really good of course running the ball against the vikings his throwing is getting better it is still a little shaky at times but it looks like he is just going to outright beat will levis on the depth chart which is another scary thing and then also for tennessee taijae spears looks really good so like if if derrick henry goes down at all or anything like that that could be that could be good for them yeah my boy deuce had another impressive run only average like 2.8 to carry but we are not going to talk about that that is okay yeah he is still figuring out the game but in in the open field he is obviously super hard to contain yeah he is just so elusive and at his size people have a hard time like getting the target on them right so he is he is going to make a lot of people miss 0 the other one we have to talk about but i almost forgot your real boy ronnie bell listen i know he is playing against backups and stuff and he is not playing against the starters listen i have said and i i had a tweet a few years ago it might have been at the start of last season or it is 2 seasons ago i can not remember i tweeted and i i do not think anybody responded i tweeted that ronnie bell was just as good as chris olave in that if he was at ohio state he would put up the exact same numbers ryan bell is going to be a good nfl receiver for a long time yeah and if you are a receiver at the university of michigan i am kind of depressed at this moment to say having a career like ronnie bells is like as good as it gets at michigan right now and i do not know if it is just harbaugh is fault or the way the offense has been constructed michigan is offense has not been built to let a receiver have a high level season for years now yeah yeah nico collins dan donovan people is jones if either of those guys were at ohio state they would be 1st round picks yeah and donovan people jones was like a 7th round pick nico was like a 3rd round pick because he blew off the combine we might be able to see nico this year though yeah he might be texans number one but listen ronnie bell is a very good receiver just as good as a lot of guys that put up better numbers in college and he is showing his skill yeah he he show he is he has great hands he is a great route runner he is not the fastest but he is quick he is a very good number too yeah and he could easily find himself into that number 3 slot for the 49 ers yeah i think obviously devo samuel and brandon ayuk number one but like we have seen juwan jennings before and it seems like the 49 ers always have kind of a a random 3rd receiver that is out there 0 like ray ray mcleod this is another one so like i think he could definitely jump in there and be that number 3 guy so yeah last thing i wanted to mention really quick too baker mayfield is the starter for tampa bay how long do you think they will last when did the kyle trask era begin because kyle trask looked pretty good in the preseason i am looking at the buccaneers schedule vikings week one their defense is not anything crazy right bears week 2 eagles week 3 saints week 4 lines that stretch of weeks 4 through 6 might things might get really scary for baker yeah yeah eagles saints and lions defenses back to back to back right there might be some picks and some fumbles and there will be some rumblings about kyle trask around week 7 okay yeah the falcons defense is not anything to yeah they will be they should be all right too and then the bills do for you around week 7 might be the time people are like let us just put trash in and see what he has yeah man the box schedule is kind of brutal i also got to play the 49 ers tough interesting okay unless this is just another year where baker mayfield all of a sudden he just figures it out i mean he has got mike evans which it seems like a perfect yeah him he has got chris godwin yeah he has got pieces around him right just depends if he can use them or not all right that does it for today we have college football this weekend malik yeah and i will not be watching at all next week we talk about the big weekend yeah week one we will do a full on big 10 preview we will get to any other teams that we can and then then the following week nfl season kicks off and then we are just back into talking about games perfect so this has been views from the sidelines we will see you guys next time pack 12 we might not miss you that much but it is still sad that you are going	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zW4bulfYnGs
1,205.533625	[Music] what a wonderful day to go work on a cooler so we got one that's freezing up so we're gonna get there and see what's going on i'm gonna guess that either it's low on charge or the thermostat's acting up or we have a fan out so let's go take a look at it and see what we've got going on so we've got us another true natural refrigerant so we've got a coil that is really freezing up it's been doing it since freaking uh june it worked for maybe a month and then they got to unplug it and then basically it works again for a while looks like our seals are in need of placing okay so we're a little bit dirty there i'm going to clean that off you can see we've got a little bit of water down there in our pan coil's looking a little ratty i am going to do my usual i'm going to brush the coil off we're going to check the system for leaks because that tends to happen and uh i noticed the condenser coil don't feel very warm we're gonna check our temperature sensors because they've changed positions a few times and we're going to check our programming in this thing so he just turned it on both temperature sensors are in that area we're also going to find out see it's on uh we're also going to find out whether or not it's set up for a cumulative defrost or time defrost and from what i've learned the time defrost has been the most reliable and had the least problems as usual they try to be all efficient and that tends to not work out so well so let's go ahead and get started here all right so we scanned it over for leaks and uh not really finding anything however look right here you can see that signs of oil it's nowhere else up here so i'm pretty sure we have us a leak our pressures might be a little bit low so if the pressures are low they aren't going to get much of a leak so i'm going to probably tap this thing as much as i don't want to and find out i still got to check our coil up here yet for our sensor you can see where all this thing is there's the blue one going back here make sure that's in the right spot but it's leaning towards an issue with the uh refrigerant level which like i said i've seen the leak there before i've replaced this coil on another one before didn't have anything on any of the cap tube and stuff like that which is one of the smarter things they finally started to do put the cap tube in here so that you can change it without having to run a whole new line down here which i don't know why they didn't do that long time ago so we're gonna go ahead and probably tap this thing double check the sensors and programming first before we do that because it's one of the last things i want to do so we went through here and double checked the defrost type and the type was uh cumulative so we switched it to time we checked the differential on a temperature it goes three degrees above three degrees below we changed the uh temperature for defrost to end at from 40 took it to a little higher and the maximum defrost times 40 minutes so um we did a few changes there but because i can see that oil in here on the coil [Music] right up in here see that stain there that right there tells me there's a leak most likely a leak in that area because there's no reason for it to be brown like that so i am leaning oh and i also adjusted the temperature sensor on the back a little higher normally it's a little bit towards the top of the coil instead of towards the middle all those things combined um i'm really leaning towards doing head tapping this thing i didn't want to but i think that's about where we're at all right so went ahead and cut it loose we're gonna go ahead and do this with my little torch here this is quarter inch lines this shouldn't take much heat to do it i'm tired of bringing in the monster torch every time we want to do something so we're gonna get this done there we go we got that there go ahead and cool it down get the valve core in there chances are this is going to be low factory recommends you go on high side also we're just going to see if it looks low to begin with and then we'll add a little bit and order a coil if that's where we need to we can always check the customer and see if they want to go for you know full-blown leak search here and stuff because i mean that's where we're leading that you can see the coil down below there looks like crap but i didn't pick up any leaks on that so let's go ahead and get tapped onto this thing and find out where we're at we went ahead and got the coil back in there with the cover on so we got some airflow you can see that we're running 23 below on our coil which it's coming up a little bit it's been running for a little bit um our discharge gas even before we go into that water coil is not very hot i mean it's hot but it's not hot we're only talking 3.3 ounces on this thing so you can tell that we are we're running pretty low the pressure is usually you know i should say the saturation temperatures are pretty equivalent to what you're used to seeing so uh i would say you know depending on what they want to do we should probably add some nitrogen to it verify that it is leaking the evaporator i'm gonna see what they want to do before we go much further i mean it's we could add an ounce or two and it'd probably be just perfectly fine but that doesn't fix the problem so i went ahead and shut it off to see what my my pressures were right at 73 pounds i would have figured i would have picked up a leak i think what i'm going to do is i'm going to pull out the refrigerant just weigh it back in see how it acts after that that's sometimes the easiest thing to do since you only hold three ounces all right so we went ahead and drained everything out it's still slight positive very little of any as usual here's the reason why i can't stand my five five fives because they never go back to zero once they go from one to another which it's two pounds i understand not a humongous deal but what we're going to do we're going to warm this bottle up because it's 30 degrees outside we're going to use our little uh weight scale here we're going to put it in there we'll flip it upside down we're going to use that to invert it and we're just going to weigh the refrigerant back in so we uh we could actually fill this bottle full or this bowl full of water if we wanted to which i might i don't know right now we're gonna run some hot water on this thing bring that temperature up because she's she's cold she's definitely cold but we're only talking three freaking ounces i'm gonna charge it in liquid disconnect hook my digital gauges back up once it's running see where our bracers are at i guarantee they're gonna be better than what they were um it's definitely running uh running low there's no reason for it to be that low i did speak with them they wanted to just go with the coil uh i've had this before with this coil so not a real surprise but it's leaking where it's leaking at i mean why was the oh that's high quality right there in it geez what why is everything garbage nowadays nothing is good holy cow nothing is good yeah she's warm now good deal all right all right so i've been wanting to build a stand for it but honestly we're just going to do this the simple method [Music] so we went ahead and bled it up to the ball valve there let's invert this puppy there we go that'll hold her up just like that turn on her weight scale and we'll get her set up i just did a google it comes out to 93.3 grams we'll get it down here on the ground and get her started all right so let's go ahead and zero that thing out i am not completely connected here so we're going to bleed that should have knocked any air that was in there between that and the schrader core back to grams let's go ahead and dump in 93. look how quick and easy that is and stop so they even went over by just a touch but that's gonna make up for my hoses going on and off that's a minuscule amount so let's go ahead and disconnect actually we can go ahead and start it up that way it sucks whatever's in that tube out of there we don't lose anything more we have to so it's good turn this thing back on fan should come on give it a moment there there goes the compressors kicking on let our fan do our forward and backwards crap so that get any gunk out of it we uh by uh flipping it back up we'll go ahead and get that thing to drain back into the tube as much as possible so it should be dropping yeah hardly lost anything there all right so now we're running 33 pounds of pressure which is equivalent to 11 degree evaporator that's going to rise a little bit once it starts to stabilize which further confirms that it was low on refrigerant this little scale here you can get on amazon i used it for my food scale when i was losing my weight measuring everything i ate so it's cheap it's in my parts description which guys down in my uh description area of the thing i've got three different tool bags for four different tool bags plus my patreon if you guys want to see everything that you see here all put in one area so you can find it it's in there and you pay the same rate through amazon and i get a small percentage of what you guys buy it helps support the channel without having to actually spend any money out of your pocket today we're running a 20 degree evaporator so far which is beautiful compared to what it was uh that's first time i tried it like that be honest with you um you know it's it's going to uh boil off into a vapor it's not like you're slugging the compressor you're talking free measly flipping ounces so i think a lot of people make this a little more complicated than what it needs to be not that that means you should not take precautions and everything and you need to read through the manual and take you know the training on it to use the proper procedures and stuff this is not obviously the absolute buy the book way they want discharge and head pressure both but since this thing wasn't running into a negative i wasn't too worried about the compressor you know screwing up the oil and contaminating it causing it to cause a capillary tube restriction you can see right here we're already at 18 degree of app our temperature is still about 54. so let's go ahead and let this thing run for a little bit longer we may rescan it now we're going to have a little more pressure in it and guys don't focus on pressure pressure doesn't matter pressures is is an arbitrary number all dictated by temperature so get that out of your head focus always on saturation temperatures so we're gonna let this run for a little bit and see what we got since they're going to go with a new coil i'm going to leave that port on there for now uh you guys probably seen other people do it uh i know chris has done it before what i usually do is i like this one here because it's easy to re-round it i pinch it cut it make sure there's no leaks put a already swedged quarter-inch fitting on there undo it re-round it do my thing pinch it back off rephrase it you're good to go shouldn't have to do a whole lot of anything i like that a little bit better than the uh than the uh saddle taps that are usually garbage all right so what we're doing is we're checking our discharge temperature and we're checking out the temperature right there and so discharge temperature is 117 and our liquid temperature is right around 79. so that kind of tells us we're getting a little closer to where you would figure i mean it is a very efficient refrigerant so it doesn't run near as hot differential between the two of them is 38 degrees that's how much our condenser is condensing it so these are things that you should do while you're learning these new types of machines guys that are new out there you can start taking notes of what your normal pressures are what's your normal temperature what's the ambient temperature when you're doing it what's the normal liquid temperature what's your normal hot gas temperature for the unit you're working on if you do all those things you'll have something to reference so when you go back on one that's not working and then that'll give you a place to start so these are all things that you can use to help better yourself i mean just little dumb tricks like this i mean i just kind of pulled this out of my butt and uh you know it's not rocket science you need to invert it do i need a fancy stand hell no freaking freaking bucket works and i fit on there perfect so as you can tell we're at 36 degrees it's only been probably maybe 10 minutes if you're lucky and we're looking pretty so basically moral this job here is it was low on charge we have a leaking evaporator you can go off the signs and see that with the oil over the coil and in the pan uh you know there's no oil going to be in just one spot of the pan if it's not leaking i mean it's something from the food it's going to be all over and uh so that's that's about it on that one there and look at that oh she just shut off 36 is where it went to it's supposed to be a three degree above and three degree below and i think yeah it's set for 36 which yeah so 37 38 39 so come on at 39 yeah it's kind of let's go 35 and since they're gonna be funny that should be better than what it was so yeah there you go so let's go ahead and scan it again see what we find maybe we'll find something on this all right so you know me i can't give up unless i know certainly what i'm going to do is going to be the real repair so we come into here there we go it appears it's up in there because it didn't go off on the bottom one do it one more time you can narrow it down it's kind of cool because look it's slowly variable even though it's electronic all the way up a little bit down just just just a little a little bit down a little further down kind of cool yeah we got all the way up so let's go ahead and here's the very bottom one it might be that one there you can probably try to fix it but this stuff is so freaking thin it just isn't worth it let's go ahead and go up a little higher the one above it [Music] we see a little bit of a crack on the paint there this is the same place it leaked last time a little higher i'll see i'm on the one just above it [Music] that's what i wanted to know i'm gonna spray it just for giggles [Music] we are 75 pounds of pressure it probably helped a little bit so i'll go ahead and [Music] get that off there and kind of a little bit there more than i want to lose but like i said we're coming back and when we do that final one i usually like to disconnect when i have the little hose on it or while it's running that way you lose the least amount because as you've seen it just doesn't hold a whole lot at all we're gonna go out there and grab that soap and just spray it for giggles to see if we can visually see it on top of everything else to see much of anything yeah it's not on the solder joint because the solder joint kind of is right here to the left right right there in the center so it's leaking between the metal and that and that's just so thin it's not worth jacking with um might even have a little bit there it's hard to say that's just accumulation or what kind of looks like a little bit there too so i mean it happened on one there's a good chance it's happening on others yeah but it's not on the main solder joints so there you go another r290 leak i don't know if this refrigerant is possibly eating the coil up or what exactly the story is or it's just they're trying to make it so thin that it's not lasting it's hard to say i mean there's nobody that really stands out as being better than the other so go and get our freaking insulation plate back up there so it doesn't end up dripping all over the place there we go so anyhow hey guys that's gonna wrap this one up if you like the video you know what to do leave a little love down in the comment section don't forget to check out the links like i was mentioning earlier and until next time we will catch you on the next one	what a wonderful day to go work on a cooler so we got one that is freezing up so we are going to get there and see what is going on i am going to guess that either it is low on charge or the thermostat is acting up or we have a fan out so let us go take a look at it and see what we have got going on so we have got us another true natural refrigerant so we have got a coil that is really freezing up it has been doing it since freaking june it worked for maybe a month and then they got to unplug it and then basically it works again for a while looks like our seals are in need of placing okay so we are a little bit dirty there i am going to clean that off you can see we have got a little bit of water down there in our pan coil is looking a little ratty i am going to do my usual i am going to brush the coil off we are going to check the system for leaks because that tends to happen and i noticed the condenser coil do not feel very warm we are going to check our temperature sensors because they have changed positions a few times and we are going to check our programming in this thing so he just turned it on both temperature sensors are in that area we are also going to find out see it is on we are also going to find out whether or not it is set up for a cumulative defrost or time defrost and from what i have learned the time defrost has been the most reliable and had the least problems as usual they try to be all efficient and that tends to not work out so well so let us go ahead and get started here all right so we scanned it over for leaks and not really finding anything however look right here you can see that signs of oil it is nowhere else up here so i am pretty sure we have us a leak our pressures might be a little bit low so if the pressures are low they are not going to get much of a leak so i am going to probably tap this thing as much as i do not want to and find out i still got to check our coil up here yet for our sensor you can see where all this thing is there is the blue one going back here make sure that is in the right spot but it is leaning towards an issue with the refrigerant level which like i said i have seen the leak there before i have replaced this coil on another one before did not have anything on any of the cap tube and stuff like that which is one of the smarter things they finally started to do put the cap tube in here so that you can change it without having to run a whole new line down here which i do not know why they did not do that long time ago so we are going to go ahead and probably tap this thing double check the sensors and programming 1st before we do that because it is one of the last things i want to do so we went through here and double checked the defrost type and the type was cumulative so we switched it to time we checked the differential on a temperature it goes 3 degrees above 3 degrees below we changed the temperature for defrost to end at from 40 took it to a little higher and the maximum defrost times 40 minutes so we did a few changes there but because i can see that oil in here on the coil right up in here see that stain there that right there tells me there is a leak most likely a leak in that area because there is no reason for it to be brown like that so i am leaning 0 and i also adjusted the temperature sensor on the back a little higher normally it is a little bit towards the top of the coil instead of towards the middle all those things combined i am really leaning towards doing head tapping this thing i did not want to but i think that is about where we are at all right so went ahead and cut it loose we are going to go ahead and do this with my little torch here this is quarter inch lines this should not take much heat to do it i am tired of bringing in the monster torch every time we want to do something so we are going to get this done there we go we got that there go ahead and cool it down get the valve core in there chances are this is going to be low factory recommends you go on high side also we are just going to see if it looks low to begin with and then we will add a little bit and order a coil if that is where we need to we can always check the customer and see if they want to go for you know full blown leak search here and stuff because i mean that is where we are leading that you can see the coil down below there looks like crap but i did not pick up any leaks on that so let us go ahead and get tapped onto this thing and find out where we are at we went ahead and got the coil back in there with the cover on so we got some airflow you can see that we are running 23 below on our coil which it is coming up a little bit it has been running for a little bit our discharge gas even before we go into that water coil is not very hot i mean it is hot but it is not hot we are only talking 3.3 ounces on this thing so you can tell that we are we are running pretty low the pressure is usually you know i should say the saturation temperatures are pretty equivalent to what you are used to seeing so i would say you know depending on what they want to do we should probably add some nitrogen to it verify that it is leaking the evaporator i am going to see what they want to do before we go much further i mean it is we could add an ounce or 2 and it would probably be just perfectly fine but that does not fix the problem so i went ahead and shut it off to see what my my pressures were right at £73 i would have figured i would have picked up a leak i think what i am going to do is i am going to pull out the refrigerant just weigh it back in see how it acts after that that is sometimes the easiest thing to do since you only hold 3 ounces all right so we went ahead and drained everything out it is still slight positive very little of any as usual here is the reason why i can not stand my 555s because they never go back to 0 once they go from one to another which it is £2 i understand not a humongous deal but what we are going to do we are going to warm this bottle up because it is 30 degrees outside we are going to use our little weight scale here we are going to put it in there we will flip it upside down we are going to use that to invert it and we are just going to weigh the refrigerant back in so we we could actually fill this bottle full or this bowl full of water if we wanted to which i might i do not know right now we are going to run some hot water on this thing bring that temperature up because she is she is cold she is definitely cold but we are only talking 3 freaking ounces i am going to charge it in liquid disconnect hook my digital gauges back up once it is running see where our bracers are at i guarantee they are going to be better than what they were it is definitely running running low there is no reason for it to be that low i did speak with them they wanted to just go with the coil i have had this before with this coil so not a real surprise but it is leaking where it is leaking at i mean why was the 0 that is high quality right there in it geez what why is everything garbage nowadays nothing is good holy cow nothing is good yeah she is warm now good deal all right all right so i have been wanting to build a stand for it but honestly we are just going to do this the simple method so we went ahead and bled it up to the ball valve there let us invert this puppy there we go that will hold her up just like that turn on her weight scale and we will get her set up i just did a google it comes out to 93.3 grams we will get it down here on the ground and get her started all right so let us go ahead and 0 that thing out i am not completely connected here so we are going to bleed that should have knocked any air that was in there between that and the schrader core back to grams let us go ahead and dump in 93 look how quick and easy that is and stop so they even went over by just a touch but that is going to make up for my hoses going on and off that is a minuscule amount so let us go ahead and disconnect actually we can go ahead and start it up that way it sucks whatever is in that tube out of there we do not lose anything more we have to so it is good turn this thing back on fan should come on give it a moment there there goes the compressors kicking on let our fan do our forward and backwards crap so that get any gunk out of it we by flipping it back up we will go ahead and get that thing to drain back into the tube as much as possible so it should be dropping yeah hardly lost anything there all right so now we are running £33 of pressure which is equivalent to 11 degree evaporator that is going to rise a little bit once it starts to stabilize which further confirms that it was low on refrigerant this little scale here you can get on amazon i used it for my food scale when i was losing my weight measuring everything i ate so it is cheap it is in my parts description which guys down in my description area of the thing i have got 3 different tool bags for 4 different tool bags plus my patreon if you guys want to see everything that you see here all put in one area so you can find it it is in there and you pay the same rate through amazon and i get a small percentage of what you guys buy it helps support the channel without having to actually spend any money out of your pocket today we are running a 20 degree evaporator so far which is beautiful compared to what it was that is 1st time i tried it like that be honest with you you know it is it is going to boil off into a vapor it is not like you are slugging the compressor you are talking free measly flipping ounces so i think a lot of people make this a little more complicated than what it needs to be not that that means you should not take precautions and everything and you need to read through the manual and take you know the training on it to use the proper procedures and stuff this is not obviously the absolute buy the book way they want discharge and head pressure both but since this thing was not running into a negative i was not too worried about the compressor you know screwing up the oil and contaminating it causing it to cause a capillary tube restriction you can see right here we are already at 18 degree of app our temperature is still about 54 so let us go ahead and let this thing run for a little bit longer we may rescan it now we are going to have a little more pressure in it and guys do not focus on pressure pressure does not matter pressures is is an arbitrary number all dictated by temperature so get that out of your head focus always on saturation temperatures so we are going to let this run for a little bit and see what we got since they are going to go with a new coil i am going to leave that port on there for now you guys probably seen other people do it i know chris has done it before what i usually do is i like this one here because it is easy to re round it i pinch it cut it make sure there is no leaks put a already swedged quarter inch fitting on there undo it re round it do my thing pinch it back off rephrase it you are good to go should not have to do a whole lot of anything i like that a little bit better than the than the saddle taps that are usually garbage all right so what we are doing is we are checking our discharge temperature and we are checking out the temperature right there and so discharge temperature is 117 and our liquid temperature is right around 79 so that kind of tells us we are getting a little closer to where you would figure i mean it is a very efficient refrigerant so it does not run near as hot differential between the 2 of them is 38 degrees that is how much our condenser is condensing it so these are things that you should do while you are learning these new types of machines guys that are new out there you can start taking notes of what your normal pressures are what is your normal temperature what is the ambient temperature when you are doing it what is the normal liquid temperature what is your normal hot gas temperature for the unit you are working on if you do all those things you will have something to reference so when you go back on one that is not working and then that will give you a place to start so these are all things that you can use to help better yourself i mean just little dumb tricks like this i mean i just kind of pulled this out of my butt and you know it is not rocket science you need to invert it do i need a fancy stand hell no freaking freaking bucket works and i fit on there perfect so as you can tell we are at 36 degrees it is only been probably maybe 10 minutes if you are lucky and we are looking pretty so basically moral this job here is it was low on charge we have a leaking evaporator you can go off the signs and see that with the oil over the coil and in the pan you know there is no oil going to be in just one spot of the pan if it is not leaking i mean it is something from the food it is going to be all over and so that is that is about it on that one there and look at that 0 she just shut off 36 is where it went to it is supposed to be a 3 degree above and 3 degree below and i think yeah it is set for 36 which yeah so 37 38 39 so come on at 39 yeah it is kind of let us go 35 and since they are going to be funny that should be better than what it was so yeah there you go so let us go ahead and scan it again see what we find maybe we will find something on this all right so you know me i can not give up unless i know certainly what i am going to do is going to be the real repair so we come into here there we go it appears it is up in there because it did not go off on the bottom one do it one more time you can narrow it down it is kind of cool because look it is slowly variable even though it is electronic all the way up a little bit down just just just a little a little bit down a little further down kind of cool yeah we got all the way up so let us go ahead and here is the very bottom one it might be that one there you can probably try to fix it but this stuff is so freaking thin it just is not worth it let us go ahead and go up a little higher the one above it we see a little bit of a crack on the paint there this is the same place it leaked last time a little higher i will see i am on the one just above it that is what i wanted to know i am going to spray it just for giggles we are £75 of pressure it probably helped a little bit so i will go ahead and get that off there and kind of a little bit there more than i want to lose but like i said we are coming back and when we do that final one i usually like to disconnect when i have the little hose on it or while it is running that way you lose the least amount because as you have seen it just does not hold a whole lot at all we are going to go out there and grab that soap and just spray it for giggles to see if we can visually see it on top of everything else to see much of anything yeah it is not on the solder joint because the solder joint kind of is right here to the left right right there in the center so it is leaking between the metal and that and that is just so thin it is not worth jacking with might even have a little bit there it is hard to say that is just accumulation or what kind of looks like a little bit there too so i mean it happened on one there is a good chance it is happening on others yeah but it is not on the main solder joints so there you go another r 290 leak i do not know if this refrigerant is possibly eating the coil up or what exactly the story is or it is just they are trying to make it so thin that it is not lasting it is hard to say i mean there is nobody that really stands out as being better than the other so go and get our freaking insulation plate back up there so it does not end up dripping all over the place there we go so anyhow hey guys that is going to wrap this one up if you like the video you know what to do leave a little love down in the comment section do not forget to check out the links like i was mentioning earlier and until next time we will catch you on the next one	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BdwbzPsmBco
1,116.55475	Welcome to the third session. What we have so far done is we have used only two colours. Now that can become boring sometimes, even though it is insightful. So let us see if we have any other option of making it using more colours. So let us go back to our electricity example once again. We are looking at source of lighting and we have looked at electricity over here. So far we have been putting some range, some particular cut-off here and saying 'execute query'. There's something interesting called 'range query' here and it asks you whether you want three colours, four colours, five colours or whatever. I usually stick to three. It gives me a palette- red, yellow, and green. And this is a default setting which the software itself does. Let us see how does the default setting look like. So we are looking at electricity being available to less than 34% or less than 35% households, less than 67% households and more than 67% households. So the more percentage households having electricity the better, the less the worse. So red, yellow, and green. This is just like a traffic signal- red, yellow, and green. So there is no other connotation to this. So we say 'execute range query'. So it shows you neat clusters- one over here, where less electricity is available, one over here where more electricity is available and of course you have this intermediate range. Now instead of depending on the computer, or the default setting based on our two-colour data, we could also bring it to, let us say, 60%. Let us say if it is less than 60%, we don't find it to be good or this our judgement and if it is 85% or more, then it is better. And then we ask it to execute the range query again. Right. Now you see this area, this is familiar, the kerosene using area. You find this area where electricity supply is in fairly large amount of households, you get another cluster intermediate cluster over here. What you interestingly notice is that Himachal or Uttrakhand which are hilly areas with difficult topography are able to reach electricity to its citizen, whereas these plain areas of UP and Bihar and even some parts of West Bengal etc. are not able to reach electricity to its citizen. So you will have to ask yourself, are we looking at a technology issue or are we looking at a governance issue? But we'll not belabour that point very much. I just wanted to forewarn you about something. So let us go to kerosene. We are looking at households which are using kerosene. This time we'll not take total, we'll just take rural households because as you know, rural households use more kerosene and we again go to range query, we say, yes three colours are fine. Now it does some setting on its own, we say 'execute range query'. Have you noticed something, that places where more and more households use kerosene, is shown as green and where less and less kerosene is used, it is shown as red. Now that's not what we want. So how do we handle that? So we go here, click on the palette, change it to, let us say, sorry we change it to this green. Now I don't like this green, so okay let me go down a little more. So I say yes, this is okay. I okay it. Yellow, it doesn't make a difference to it. So I go to red and okay this is alright, so I go here. Again look at it and say we need to change it. So we can, or take your pick, and I say okay, this looks better. So I give it this colour and then I ask it to execute the range query. Now you look at your good old kerosene area, you look at your area where less kerosene is used. You can change these settings as well. I just try a setting of say 25%. We'll say no, only if it is less than 25, I give it green and I say okay, if it is, why go to second decimal point, I just say two-third of the population, so I make it 66 and I ask it to execute the query again. I have given this example because many assignments where people submitted, they show that more use of cow dung cake as a fuel for cooking is considered to be better, by they colour it green. So you should always be careful. Don't use the default setting of the machine, because machine is extremely efficient but it is dumb as well. Thinking is something which you need to do, so therefore learn how to change the colour palette. Now we've been so far dealing with the states. Let us go to individual state. Now, I am going to Orissa because that is where I have worked for a long time, I am familiar with the terrain. The interesting part which I want you to see here is that now you get the state, you get the district and you also get the sub-district. Now one word of caution, in Orissa the sub-district traditionally has been the Thanas. In some states it can be Tehsil, at some states it can be blocked, that is something where you don't have a control because this has been traditionally the census style, but then if you have a map of blocks similar map can be created I'll go to that separately. So we go to sub-district, we will quickly look at the query part of it, I will quickly look at again female literacy. I just want to show you how the clustering happens. So if you look at literacy rate and I ask what is let us say rural female literacy. You see the range, so it starts from very low less than 15% so I ask which are these areas where less than 20% females are literate. You get a very small dot here. So you feel happy, when you become little more ambitious and say 35% then you suddenly see a larger area. Now you see how this is forming a cluster, you go to 40% the cluster becomes bigger. Right. You go to 45%. Now you start seeing a belt forming here as well. So you have this contiguous belt. Since I know the story to some extent, let me go to 52%. I will show you. Right. And if I go to something like 56% this belt expands. Now, this is one belt, this is another belt. What is so particular about this belt? Let me explore this and go to where are the tribals in Orissa. Okay, so I am looking at percentage scheduled tribe population, I again go to rural and I ask computer ji, where are the places where you have say 40% tribals, more than 40% and you see a similar pattern if I make it 35%. You don't get exactly corresponding map. In fact this particular belt has escaped the low literacy trap, but this belt and this belt are the ones where the tribals and the illiteracy among women happens to be coterminous. I will draw your attention to one more interesting parameter. It's worth looking at. Housing. Then we go to households. If you recollect, these were the parameters- radio, computer, television, landline, bicycle, two-wheeler etc. and you had households which had no assets. Let me ask the computer, are there sub-districts in Odisha where more than, let us say one-third of the population, doesn't have these assets? Right. You get this belt. Here you find that the tribals in this upper region are not having that incidence of poverty because asset-lessness is also indicator of poverty but this belt is fairly common. So what does this belt show in common? Higher concentration of tribal population, higher concentration of asset-less households and higher concentration of female literacy. So this is one thing which you need to see. I'll also take you to the interesting part in Orissa. We go back to literacy. We go back to demographic parameters, we go back to literacy rate, and we had seen rural female literacy rate when I had made it less than 52%, you got a particular cluster. Right. I execute the query and it shows me the cluster. Now if I look at the male literacy, what is happening to rural men? Now let us look at rural men. What is happening to rural men? Let me again put that 52%. You will hardly find any area, but if I raise it let us say to 66%, my original cluster starts coming back. If I go little more, if I go to 72%. I start getting this cluster back, I start getting this cluster back, then I go to 77. I am deliberately avoiding zeroes and fives just to show you that there is nothing sacred about zero and five you can go to any cut-off. Idea is to locate the clusters and then you see this one cluster here, you see one cluster here. Which means that the relative inequality remains the same, but the bar has gone up as far as rural men are concerned, we require 77% as a cut-off for the same cluster to emerge, which cluster can be very easily obtained when the female literacy rate is less than, you've guessed it right, 52%. But just let's reinforce that. Though here you will notice that as far as this belt is concerned, the maps don't exactly coincide. But then you'll have to monkey around with the cut-off just to see if you get a similar cut-off. You can do this exercise for any other state and I think that is something which will give you useful insights into how do we go about using this particular data. So we have looked at so far, to recapitulate, we have looked at India with district as a unit and state as a unit. We have looked at the relative performance of what has happened between urban areas and rural areas, between male population and the female population, between the tribals and the non-tribals. Then we have gone to state level. We have again seen similar clustering, but those clusters happen at the sub-district level, that is number one. We have also learnt how to export that data so that it can be taken to a spreadsheet and then various analysis can be done. We have also seen that instead of sticking to two colours, we go to a range query and we also get a colour-coded map. So let us again try here what does the computer do. Let's see what does the computer do. Rural female literacy, it has made a division by itself- 41, 66, and 66+. Let's see how does it look like. So it has given you one cluster here, which is coastal Orissa. It has given you one cluster over here, which is southern Orissa and rest of the area. So you see neat clusters, but let me just do some mischief and make it 52 and see what happens. So you practically get three different Orissas, if you look at rural female literacy. So I think so far, so good. This site is not interactive in the sense, you can't add your own data, but I think before getting into that ambition of adding one's own data it is useful that you look at the available data, do this analysis, see the seeds of inequality, see the persistence of inequality and then go further. It is possible to go down to district level where you can get even a village as a unit, that is a exercise which we'll be doing next session, but before that I want you to take to TrendsIndia. I want you to take a look at this specifically made package called Energy Analysis. So all those who are looking at energy in terms of electricity, kerosene, solar energy, etc. etc. as a source of lighting and source of cooking, I think they will find it useful It gives you India with districts. It can also give you state with district and state with sub-district. So let us take for example India with district and use of, let us say firewood, as source of cooking. Very interestingly it gives you 2001 census, it gives you 2011 census, and you can separately tweak these. So if I want to, for example, here I am not happy with this very high green part so I'll just say okay. I change it and I say okay, and here instead of 32%, I make it, let us say 35%, and this green part, this cut-off I take it to 75%. This map changes separately and here also this map can be changed separately. So I have just say change, I go to these three ranges, I make a arbitrary cut-off here of or let me make the same cut-offs 75 and let me make it here, 35. I execute. I get a separate map here. Now you can play around with it. You can play with these ranges. Now this is something which is available only for energy access. I had tried to persuade the people who have made this site to give this same thing for various other parameters, but that is still under negotiation so let us hope that becomes available. We will close this session here and next go-to district and then see what kind of additional insight or information we get. So if you want energy access related data and yes, let me also point out another interesting data in the Trends of India, this is called the 'National Family Health Survey Data'. Those who are interested in health and nutrition, they can do this. Here the data is only available up to district level unfortunately, because NFHS does not give you data below the district level. So I'll close this session. Next, we'll go to the district level data.	welcome to the 3rd session what we have so far done is we have used only 2 colors now that can become boring sometimes even though it is insightful so let us see if we have any other option of making it using more colors so let us go back to our electricity example once again we are looking at source of lighting and we have looked at electricity over here so far we have been putting some range some particular cut off here and saying execute query there is something interesting called range query here and it asks you whether you want 3 colors 4 colors 5 colors or whatever i usually stick to 3 it gives me a palette red yellow and green and this is a default setting which the software itself does let us see how does the default setting look like so we are looking at electricity being available to less than 34% or less than 35% households less than 67% households and more than 67% households so the more percentage households having electricity the better the less the worse so red yellow and green this is just like a traffic signal red yellow and green so there is no other connotation to this so we say execute range query so it shows you neat clusters one over here where less electricity is available one over here where more electricity is available and of course you have this intermediate range now instead of depending on the computer or the default setting based on our 2 color data we could also bring it to let us say 60% let us say if it is less than 60% we do not find it to be good or this our judgment and if it is 85% or more then it is better and then we ask it to execute the range query again right now you see this area this is familiar the kerosene using area you find this area where electricity supply is in fairly large amount of households you get another cluster intermediate cluster over here what you interestingly notice is that himachal or uttrakhand which are hilly areas with difficult topography are able to reach electricity to its citizen whereas these plain areas of up and bihar and even some parts of west bengal etc are not able to reach electricity to its citizen so you will have to ask yourself are we looking at a technology issue or are we looking at a governance issue but we will not belabor that point very much i just wanted to forewarn you about something so let us go to kerosene we are looking at households which are using kerosene this time we will not take total we will just take rural households because as you know rural households use more kerosene and we again go to range query we say yes 3 colors are fine now it does some setting on its own we say execute range query have you noticed something that places where more and more households use kerosene is shown as green and where less and less kerosene is used it is shown as red now that is not what we want so how do we handle that so we go here click on the palette change it to let us say sorry we change it to this green now i do not like this green so okay let me go down a little more so i say yes this is okay i okay it yellow it does not make a difference to it so i go to red and okay this is alright so i go here again look at it and say we need to change it so we can or take your pick and i say okay this looks better so i give it this color and then i ask it to execute the range query now you look at your good old kerosene area you look at your area where less kerosene is used you can change these settings as well i just try a setting of say 25% we will say no only if it is less than 25 i give it green and i say okay if it is why go to 2nd decimal point i just say 23rd of the population so i make it 66 and i ask it to execute the query again i have given this example because many assignments where people submitted they show that more use of cow dung cake as a fuel for cooking is considered to be better by they color it green so you should always be careful do not use the default setting of the machine because machine is extremely efficient but it is dumb as well thinking is something which you need to do so therefore learn how to change the color palette now we have been so far dealing with the states let us go to individual state now i am going to orissa because that is where i have worked for a long time i am familiar with the terrain the interesting part which i want you to see here is that now you get the state you get the district and you also get the sub district now one word of caution in orissa the sub district traditionally has been the thanas in some states it can be tehsil at some states it can be blocked that is something where you do not have a control because this has been traditionally the census style but then if you have a map of blocks similar map can be created i will go to that separately so we go to sub district we will quickly look at the query part of it i will quickly look at again female literacy i just want to show you how the clustering happens so if you look at literacy rate and i ask what is let us say rural female literacy you see the range so it starts from very low less than 15% so i ask which are these areas where less than 20% females are literate you get a very small dot here so you feel happy when you become little more ambitious and say 35% then you suddenly see a larger area now you see how this is forming a cluster you go to 40% the cluster becomes bigger right you go to 45% now you start seeing a belt forming here as well so you have this contiguous belt since i know the story to some extent let me go to 52% i will show you right and if i go to something like 56% this belt expands now this is one belt this is another belt what is so particular about this belt let me explore this and go to where are the tribals in orissa okay so i am looking at percentage scheduled tribe population i again go to rural and i ask computer ji where are the places where you have say 40% tribals more than 40% and you see a similar pattern if i make it 35% you do not get exactly corresponding map in fact this particular belt has escaped the low literacy trap but this belt and this belt are the ones where the tribals and the illiteracy among women happens to be coterminous i will draw your attention to one more interesting parameter it is worth looking at housing then we go to households if you recollect these were the parameters radio computer television landline bicycle 2 wheeler etc and you had households which had no assets let me ask the computer are there sub districts in odisha where more than let us say 13rd of the population does not have these assets right you get this belt here you find that the tribals in this upper region are not having that incidence of poverty because asset lessness is also indicator of poverty but this belt is fairly common so what does this belt show in common higher concentration of tribal population higher concentration of asset less households and higher concentration of female literacy so this is one thing which you need to see i will also take you to the interesting part in orissa we go back to literacy we go back to demographic parameters we go back to literacy rate and we had seen rural female literacy rate when i had made it less than 52% you got a particular cluster right i execute the query and it shows me the cluster now if i look at the male literacy what is happening to rural men now let us look at rural men what is happening to rural men let me again put that 52% you will hardly find any area but if i raise it let us say to 66% my original cluster starts coming back if i go little more if i go to 72% i start getting this cluster back i start getting this cluster back then i go to 77 i am deliberately avoiding zeroes and 5s just to show you that there is nothing sacred about 0 and 5 you can go to any cut off idea is to locate the clusters and then you see this one cluster here you see one cluster here which means that the relative inequality remains the same but the bar has gone up as far as rural men are concerned we require 77% as a cut off for the same cluster to emerge which cluster can be very easily obtained when the female literacy rate is less than you have guessed it right 52% but just let us reinforce that though here you will notice that as far as this belt is concerned the maps do not exactly coincide but then you will have to monkey around with the cut off just to see if you get a similar cut off you can do this exercise for any other state and i think that is something which will give you useful insights into how do we go about using this particular data so we have looked at so far to recapitulate we have looked at india with district as a unit and state as a unit we have looked at the relative performance of what has happened between urban areas and rural areas between male population and the female population between the tribals and the non tribals then we have gone to state level we have again seen similar clustering but those clusters happen at the sub district level that is number one we have also learnt how to export that data so that it can be taken to a spreadsheet and then various analysis can be done we have also seen that instead of sticking to 2 colors we go to a range query and we also get a color coded map so let us again try here what does the computer do let us see what does the computer do rural female literacy it has made a division by itself 41 66 and 66 let us see how does it look like so it has given you one cluster here which is coastal orissa it has given you one cluster over here which is southern orissa and rest of the area so you see neat clusters but let me just do some mischief and make it 52 and see what happens so you practically get 3 different orissas if you look at rural female literacy so i think so far so good this site is not interactive in the sense you can not add your own data but i think before getting into that ambition of adding one is own data it is useful that you look at the available data do this analysis see the seeds of inequality see the persistence of inequality and then go further it is possible to go down to district level where you can get even a village as a unit that is a exercise which we will be doing next session but before that i want you to take to trendsindia i want you to take a look at this specifically made package called energy analysis so all those who are looking at energy in terms of electricity kerosene solar energy etc etc as a source of lighting and source of cooking i think they will find it useful it gives you india with districts it can also give you state with district and state with sub district so let us take for example india with district and use of let us say firewood as source of cooking very interestingly it gives you 2001 census it gives you 2011 census and you can separately tweak these so if i want to for example here i am not happy with this very high green part so i will just say okay i change it and i say okay and here instead of 32% i make it let us say 35% and this green part this cut off i take it to 75% this map changes separately and here also this map can be changed separately so i have just say change i go to these 3 ranges i make a arbitrary cut off here of or let me make the same cut offs 75 and let me make it here 35 i execute i get a separate map here now you can play around with it you can play with these ranges now this is something which is available only for energy access i had tried to persuade the people who have made this site to give this same thing for various other parameters but that is still under negotiation so let us hope that becomes available we will close this session here and next go to district and then see what kind of additional insight or information we get so if you want energy access related data and yes let me also point out another interesting data in the trends of india this is called the national family health survey data those who are interested in health and nutrition they can do this here the data is only available up to district level unfortunately because nfhs does not give you data below the district level so i will close this session next we will go to the district level data	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q0nbCZMCvtU
2,165.446562	welcome to to New Year's gr training uh as Charles said my name is Eric Palmer I'm going to be talking about uh programming environments and compilation um I'm a member of the programming environments and models group and I work as a software integration engineer here at nurk um so to kind of give you uh some context of what I'm going to talk about um is I'm kind of taking this from after you've logged into Pearl met you meet this terminal and kind of like now what do you do right um you come here to do science you need software to run on the system to make that happen so how do you get the software you need you have one of these four ways you can load it into your environment using modules um you can access it through containers you can compile it from source that maybe you download from GitHub or gitlab or some somewhere else um you can use package managers like cond or spa and um I'll include e4s with a package manager but it's kind of a fuzzy definition um so in this talk I'm going to be focusing on modules compiling from source and I'll quickly mention spa and e4s um containers and cond that will show up in other talks later later so I won't cover them here so first modules so modules are how we sort of load pre-installed software uh into our environment from you know on Pearl met so for example if you just logged into the terminal in Pearl met SSH and you typed python D- version you would get the system default which is Python 2.7.8 and you'd say well wait a minute you know python 2 I want something newer than that how do I get that well um you can do this command down here we say module load python d311 to get python version 311 and it will load it as a module into your environment right so this command here says module list this says list all the modules that are currently loaded into my environment you can see you get a several of them here by default but when I load one like this specifically python 311 it shows up here and that tells me now if I run the same command I ran at the beginning python D- version I will now get the one that's associated with the module I loaded and that's python 31.7 which you probably prefer over 2.7.8 so in a nutshell that example just kind of briefly describes like how all the modules work this is how you bring uh different versions of software uh that you want into your environment so that you can use them uh we have a lot of modules on the system um this list isn't really to look at but just to show you there's lots of them uh so how do you find them um well I'll sorry I jumped one slide we'll talk about how to find them after this but by default these are the ones you get right and so modules affect all sorts of different things in your environment um for example if we're looking at this default set the one number one here this loads the CPU architecture so that when you're compiling your code using our compile wrappers which I'll introduce later it will be optimized for our CPUs and for our system um you get our default programming environment so right now um that's set to the G new compiler by these modules that indicate that you also see we have uh the several marbles for the gp2 architecture and right now because the GPU module is loaded it's set to compile code for Cuda aware MPI so um modules affect different things in our system these several of them are loaded by default and that's why we should learn about them okay so if you looking through modules and you want to know how to find them um there's several commands that you'll want to know um we've seen module list that shows the ones that are currently loaded in your environment if you want to load or unload modules you can use module load or unload module swap um you know it's it's kind of um I think it used to be more important with the older module system maybe not So Much Anymore uh because you can now just directly load the one you want used to be had to unload one sometimes to get the one you want module show will give you the details of what the module is doing to your environment so I'll break that down in a slide later and if you want to find a particular module um and you're not sure what it's called or where to look uh I recommend module spider and previously might have used something like module Avail well because elod is sort of has a hierarchical uh representation or let me see um what's the best word a hierarchical system of how it presents the modules to you and in the environment It won't always show you every available module with module available so and I'll give you example of that so we recommend using module spider and this scary spider picture here is to help you remember use module spider to find your modules uh there's some cool tricks here that you can do with the module command uh to help you do modules I'll leave them here for people to try out later um so what I have here is this just a short kind of uh video that shows an example of why I want to use module spider versus module Avil and in this example what I'm trying to do is I'm trying to load this cray net CDF module and it's just um it's just um the net CDF library that I want to use uh for my software so let's take a look and watch and I'll try not to talk too much so those are the modules I'm starting with and it's just pointing out I don't have it and so if I try to load it directly I get this error and it says it doesn't exist and you might be confused and think okay well uh maybe it's not on the system right but that's actually not the case and so as we learn if I'm looking through module Avil and I look for mod net CDF I actually find these other ones but I don't find the one I want so now if I try my spider and I see CDF I see ah pops up but if I look through this I find out that I actually need to write out this full net CDF with the version and then it will give me even more complete information about the module and it turns out if I want to load CET CDF I have to load create HDFC hdf5 first and so that's the hierarchy I was talking about earlier so now if I load cray hdf I can load cray net CDF and voila so success so that's why we recommend module spider because it will find it modules no matter where they are in the hierarchy uh that might not be presented to you otherwise so the other command that was on that list with module show and what module show does is it shows exactly how a module is modifying your user environment to make that software available to you so I kind of group these uh commands inside the module into three sort of general areas one is just sort of general area which tells you um these are sort of commands that tell you about what modules can be loaded at which time some help um and what this module is this is just a short description and the yellow ones are ones that change your path so path is like where does your user environment look for executables to run so you can see here it's in the path with the location of hdf5 the bin folder so that if you type something in your command line it'll go to that bin and look for that command and run it for you now um similarly with a lot of these other paths these paths are used for uh codes when they compile and look for other when other codes compile and look for that Library the look might look in those environment variables and those paths uh for your library so this is modifying all of those the green is environmental variables are set so for example hdf5 root right is set when you run this environment to this value when you when you load this module it's set to this value so that if you're again loading a library that's looking for this environment variable hdf5 roote to find out where hdf5 is it can do that so that's kind of what's going on with the modules and how they're changing your environment so that you make more to make more software available to you okay so the next thing I'm going to talk about is compiling so um the you know I I start with kind of some pretty basic examples but probably most of you will not run you know did not come to PR to run hello world right and you know all I can say is that compiling code is is fairly complex and complicated and and kind of everything is a little bit different or different enough to make it difficult and and that's kind of you know the the world we live in I guess so um I'm G to kind of go through some basic knowledge and give you kind of hopefully a baseline I'm gonna also give you some sporadic random knowledge about compiling and and somewhere in the mix of all of it hopefully you find some things that are useful when you come across your issue okay so that said you have trouble file a ticket okay so here we go um if you doing hello world on your own machine you might have done something like this GCC and I compile my code hello world comes out right that's the basic thing well the next step towards supercomputing is MPI right so instead of using you know if you're GNA now do multiple processes let suppose you had a multiple process hello world you would do npic CC hello world C and then all of a sudden you know now your code is going super fast because it's using multiple processes and doing much more well in that vein right on Pearl mut what we're going to do is we're going to use a combination of the programming environment module so right this program environment Cano and this thing here what we call CC this is a compiler wrapper so the combination somebody's excited about compiler rappers okay um so we're gonna use the combination of these two to get into exactly the the the position we want where they coat right and this is what's going to make it worked the best on Pearl that's why you have the fanciest car next to it so um what are compiler wrappers well um for compiler wrappers are essentially these instead of GCC right we have the module programming environment and this command CC right depending on which programming environment I'm in it might go to a different compiler so for example I can tell you this one is programming environment G because it's using the g++ compiler when I do the C Capital CC Command right this is for the C++ compiler if if you want to see what this compiler wrapper is doing under the hood that's what this command here does now when you when you compile this you don't need to put this command in this is just for illustration purposes here but you can see that if I include this it'll tell me all the things that are actually being substituted into this compiler wrapper so for example instead of CC you would put all of this you this and this and this and this and actually a bunch of other stuff which I'll show you on the next slide into this all into this one single command line this is all optimizations um you know this includes um the MPI library right I didn't specify NPI here but this included it anyways this also includes any math libraries I need again here it was included even though I didn't specified here all these things are done automatically all these things have been configured by HP engineers great engineers and nurse staff to give you um to make sure your code is running in a performant way on our system so using the compiler wrappers allows us to take advantage of all that in a very simple way now I showed you two or three there's actually a bunch more it includes extra stuff it'll Link in as needed etc etc etc the whole point is there's a lot that goes into this under the hood when you're using that CC Capital CC lowercase CC and ftn to compile your code so again I said that these work in combination within the programming environment so for example if I wanted to compile with a different compiler other than the GCC compiler what I would do is I would load the programming environment Nvidia so in this example the programming by Nvidia includes the MVC compiler so if you notice this line here hasn't changed from the last example but instead of using g++ now now it's using MVC Plus plus just because I used switched from programming environment gnu to programming Nvidia and similarly with intel if I wanted to use the Intel compiler I wouldn't change the line I used to compile my code I'd only load a different programming environment module and that would change to this to the correct Intel compiler this ipx notice the optimization Flags also change uh with all of this too including much more many more lines which I didn't fit into the slide so this is sort of a chart to put all these things in one place right so if you're using this module these are the new compilers if you use Capital CC you get g++ lowercase CC you get GCC if you use ftn you get g4tr and this is the MPI Library you get these are all the same to point out that you always use the same compiler wrapper right same compile rapper for C same compile rapper for C but what changes is the module the programming environment module each one okay um you'll notice a lot of my slides have these links to more information in the docs so I'll I'll just leave it there for your reference um if you're wondering which programming environment to start with uh and and work from the kind of top to bottom here so if you're never compiled your code before and you weren't sure what was going to make it work I would first suggest try this one if that one is is not what you want maybe try this one and then work down from there um and and until you're successful and satisfied so the rappers like I said they have a lot of things built into them they will automatically link things like MPA MPI laac Bloss scalap Pac and more all automatically uh there's other modules so if you have modules loaded like Kay hdf5 or gray ffdw uh those will all get linked automatically um another thing to point out is you know people often um you know most of you are doing scientific codes you need math libraries those are all contained in this cray libai Library so if you want to find out more information on that I suggest looking into the the man file with this command man in to libai um that one that gets linked automatically I found works for most codes um so this is where we kind of go off of you know basic compile into to sort of more of the woods uh when we start to talk about build systems because most of people usually when they come they have a code you know they're not necessarily like I said trying to confile hello world they're trying to run a code that they got from somewhere else sometimes the codee's 20 years old sometimes it's from somewhere else or whatever right all sorts of different things there a wide variety um the probably two most common build systems that I see are Auto or Auto config auto tools those are all kind of the same group of things that's the same like we have a make file you type the config uh make make install that's that's all kind of autocom the other one is cmake um the important thing for these build systems is they often have certain variables that they use to look for the C compiler the C++ compiler and the four Trend compiler whenever somebody asked me to help them compile their code the first thing I try to do is try to make sure that those variables those environment variables are pointed to the correct wrappers the cray wrappers so they can pick up all those extra Flags which makes the code work on our system right so if you were trying to get this to comp compile with auto config um autoc conf you my suggestion would be you want to make these variables pick up the compiler rappers you can do that with this type of step right if you're doing it at the configure step you're using this this method right right you can do it with this command if you're doing cmake this is kind of the cmake standard way to do it you can run this um to specify which uh to specify the the the compiler wrappers in your build so the goal is to get these build systems to use the cray compiler wrappers so that the code will compile correctly so this is just a few examples of like I said the random prodct information that hopefully may come in handy for you someday so for example if we're trying to compile this code called slate um with the slate slate Library you can see here looking at its directions it says okay well if you are going to compile this what you first need to do is make this file and you need to say cxx is equal to NPI cxx well that will not work on pear M and that will keep your code from compiling what you'll need to do is say make this file instead of saying it npic cxx you're going to want to say cxx equals CC FC equals ftn and you know when we get into the blast stuff it gets a little bit tricky but um you know you need to make sure that part of the code is enabled but as long as you get the compiler wrapper set it will find the math libraries it needs um as long as the code is asking for them to be compiled and then you know you do the same make make install after that um if you're using cake right one thing another random piece of information just so you know it's there if you ever get stuck trying to figure out something with cake is this guey right and it's not the same type of guey we were talking about with no machine this is like a terminal gooey right um so you don't need to do any exporting to make this work but if you're if you find yourself in the SE make process I'm G to tell you about this now so that when you're trying to figure this out you get oh yeah I remember and then maybe it comes across but but I I can't explain the whole process now but if you're doing ccmake or cmake do dot to to configure your code before you do the make and make install steps um try CC make dot dot and that'll bring you to this gooey and what this does is if you press T like what I've done here this what I'm showing you here is the advaned mode T it shows you and even without the advanced mode it shows you what the options are picking up so if you look here cmake the CX compiler has picked up this path for the compiler so I can confirm this goey gives me a way to confirm that the build system has picked up the correct compiler and I don't have to worry about making sure it's not doing something weird like npic Cc or something like that having to fix that so so this gives me a way to confirm that andure my build's going to work correctly um just a few comments about linking uh so a lot of the modules like we talked about in the module show they'll Preen the library path so you don't necessarily have to point out where they're located in the system if you need to link them um cray rappers build dynamically linked executables by default I you know the way I remember this is these are the ones that you know you're trying to run your code and says oh can't find the shared library right this just means that you know at runtime it looks for where that library is and and pulls it in um if you try to do static compulation where you compile everything into one big static blob uh with the something like the static flag or CR link type equal static this can fail and it's not supported on pearlet so we don't recommend that so uh just a sort of a mid summary best practices for compiling quum cing use the system compiler wrappers CC CC and ftn um when you're doing build systems such as autocom um use you know try to verify the compiler wrappers are being used so now I'm going to go over some some examples un um you know due to sort of what the constraints of what we have here I can only show you like Hello World type stuff but but I think it's a good Baseline to start with so here is my Hello World code with MPI and open MP so I have um multiple processor parallelism I have thread parallelism all in my my one example here to enable thread parallelism right open MP I'm going to use this flag right and again like depending on which compiler you're using it might be a slightly different flag um to point out again where I go when I want to find out about compilers is I look at theand Pages you know um there's a wealth of information in there it can be overwhelming but but just try to search for the flag you think you're looking for and you can actually learn a lot uh by reading through there so in this case I'm going to need to use this F openmp to enable openmp uh for this hello world code so this is what this you know this is my compile Line This is what I'm going to show you here so what I've loaded is the new programming environment and we're going to comp compile that hello world example I had up above with my Hello World these are my modules it might be slightly different than what you see today but essentially the default module set will find would be fine here I include my f open andp flag um I need that with the GCC comp compiler I get my executable if I'm doing a threaded application I have to tell it how many threads to to use have a few other uh environment variables I should set these are all listed in the docs for how to run an open MP code run it hey I get my four processes with two thread each and success right so just to show you I use the compile a wrapper I still you have to specify the flag to get open MP and that compiled the code now if you want to compile fancier stuff with things like Kuda aware NPI the module that does that is this GPU module right so if I look at module show GPU this is how we learn to see what it's doing under the covers what it essentially does is takes that M pitch GPU support enabled environmental V environment variable and sets it to one it also loads the optimization for the Nvidia ad0 GPU um so that is enough to tell it when we're using the cig compiling rappers to use Cuda aware MPI so I have an example here where I'm going to compile something with Cuda aware MPI and you know that I'm essentially gonna show you is like I can do this without even typing right it's that easy right um yeah my own jokes so um again I've got my default set of modules except that I've loaded the programming environment Nvidia and I have made sure to have the GPU module loaded this is just what I'm reiterating here or the typing version of myself same thing I'm using the compiler wrappers this is the executable on meat I'm I'm linking this Hardware location library because that's required by the source code put those in I tell it you know how many processes how many processors per how many CPUs per process um and how many gpus I want and this is the output I get which shows that the code is working okay so that's you know so so what you should be seeing is that okay it's not that difficult to uh include kudow Weare MPI in the compile process as long as we're using compiler wrappers um so more resources on compiling um I've got four here uh probably the best one is the most recent one uh written by uh Rebecca she wrote a thing on how to compile just a sort of Step B how to compile things on Norse resources Nur resources if you want more advanced information you should probably get into these other three where we talk about all the other different uh compilers um some of the advice I covered earlier goes into greater detail um and so on so those are good resources in the docs for compiling uh I want to point out that at you know at nurk we support a wide range of programming models you know I've these are all the logos I can find so we've got the M pitch MPI we do have open MPI but you know we're we're I've been told to talk about best practices and I would say that the the system MPI is M pitch so you should always try to get this one working first um unless you have a specific reason to go to open MPI and uh you know then then then you can try the open NPI available we have Cocos we've got Nvidia CA we have open MP we have this standard parallelism both in in C+ plus and Fortran we support CLE open ACC also hip so so however you want you know whatever programming model you have we probably uh have support for it um and again more docs for more information on that uh so now that you've compiled your code and you've got your executable the next question is where do you put it so um you know by default most of these uh installers you know will be a script that'll try to install it into some sort of Dash you know SL user location either SL user share user. local something like this but if you're doing that on Pearl mot you as a user cannot write to that location um we need that you know it's specially reserved for our system ad bins to do all their fancy stuff um so where can you install it then well you're going to have to tell your install location to pick one of these other places and uh you know I'm not exactly sure how much this was cover will be covered in other areas but I'll just briefly review here so you've got your home directory and as far as performance you know if you really want to get performance out of your code this is not really optimal it's not home directory is not optimized for running um highly paralyzed code at you know high in a high performance way so mostly what you want to keep in your home directory is just the source code that you're wanted to compile maybe some scripts for running them and you know the home directory is relatively small so you can't put a lot of stuff in it um so it's not really where you want to install your code um for the scratch file system right this is you how you can locate it you get CD money sign scratch and it'll take you there this is the most uh the Optimal Performance on the system but it has some drawbacks if you're thinking about installing software so it's really you know it's not really easy to share so for example if you were compiling a software that you wanted to share with everybody in your project if you did it on scratch drive you wouldn't be able to do that right and it's really designed for sort of temporary input output data input put output from your runs um it is very performant but you know it's not designed for um executable software um the other location that is designed for where your software is This Global common SLS software and then you have your project directory now this is performant maybe maybe not as much as scratch um however uh still quite performing and it's optimized for soft Ware installs the only thing to point out here is it's read only on compute noes that's part of the optimization right um so you just have to be aware of that when you're when you're using certain types of software um so if you ask me like where should I install my software I would say like personally if I'm just testing and I'm just trying to get something to work I if you're just testing it doesn't matter if you're kind of home or scratch but as soon as you want to use it on a regular basis then you should move it to Common because you know that's that's going to be the best uh position for sharing with other people for running it yourself for for not using up your allocation the wrong way it won't get purged by accident if you don't use it for a while and you forget how to compile it that kind of stuff um you know you can you know you also have this community file system but that's really mostly for sharing data my projects so um think about trying to install your software in global comment. software Dash your project um so a few other things that I mentioned at the beginning for software is a few other places to get software and spack is another one so spack the tagline is it's a it's a package manager for supercomputers it also works really well on your local machine though if you're trying to do this on on at home on your computer or even on your Mac uh they've been doing a lot of work to make this work um but the way you get back up and running is you just clone the repo with this command you Source this script that's what this command does the dot tells you it's the same as the synonym for a source spack and that activates the spack environment and then you just type spack install the package you want um you you know there's a bunch more Spa commands that are at this website that'll tell you more about how to use spack but the the point of this slide is to tell you that you can use spack on proar motor as a way to bring in the software you want um why did I put the backwards penguin here uh so when you try to install back on promot the funny thing is it usually tries to download and build a lot of redundant dependencies um it is possible to tell Spa not to do this and to use other files but you know it's it's a little bit Troublesome in the fact that you know maybe the code won't work exactly as designed if you're not using the one that back thinks you should so so with you know I guess with moral the stories nothing in the life is easy but but sometimes fact works and sometimes it is easy and sometimes it doesn't and sometimes it's not easy but if you want to just give it a try it's worth trying another set of another way to get a lot of software is the e4s the extreme cell scientific software stack and what this is is this is like a curated set of software packages um that get additional testing on our systems um now it there's a lot of confusion between efor and Spa um spack is kind of the bigger wider thing which has many more software uh much more software available to you that you can install you know kind of uh from from anywhere right um as long as it's included bank e4s is a subset of that these are scientific software packages largely written by doe folks that have already been installed and compiled on promot a lot of them get regular testing um by by some of our nurse staff to make sure they're functioning and what you can do with they're available through this modules so the way you access to them is you say module load e4s just like I did here and the way it's set up now is we have four different environments you can choose from just if you're familiar with cond and cond environment is kind of the same thing um in this example I picked the environment to show you which ones the GPU enabled ones are and then once you've activated that environment you can find lots of different codes that are already installed uh using this spack fine command and so you'll you know I only showed you the first three lines of this list but there's there's like over a 100 just in the Cuda environment and if you look at the four environments that are available you get a total of 478 um so you do get a wide range of possible packages to install uh possible packages that you can access so um my my my personal hot take on this is is similar to the spack thing where I would give it a try and if it works it works if it fails then then then just try something else because trying to troubleshoot why something like this doesn't work can be more complex um but again when they work they're really nice and convenient and it's worth trying just for that fact so this brings me to my last slide um these are my suggestions for breast practices for programming environments and compilation um the first one is for modules use module spider because that will negate that module hierarchy and make sure you are searching through all available modules um the big lesson of this whole talk is to use the compiler wrappers because they do all the magic behind the scenes to make your code work so Capital CC lowercase CC and ftn in combination with those programming environment modules um if you're doing build systems like I said autocom and cmake um you know verify they using those compiler wrappers a nice trick with c cake is that command ccmake to give you that guey so you can confirm that things are U as you think they are um another I think good hint is man files so I mean I'm sure man is short for manual um but if you wanted to know about NPI in the system and you admire people who have been on the system for like 20 30 years and how do they know all this deep knowledge it's it's basically because they just read this part here nothing fancy but that's that's where all that information is um another tip or trick is if you want to see some example builds there's several scripts available at this location in this repo nurse Community software so if you want to see how I build software I have some scripts there that I've written so you can look there and see how I set the flags and and do the things and always if you have more questions or need any help um you know you can find us at help that nurse thatg or or if you ever see me on at the Berkeley lab or on the street you I'm happy to answer your super Computing questions so with that I guess uh I'll leave it there	welcome to to new year is gr training as charles said my name is eric palmer i am going to be talking about programming environments and compilation i am a member of the programming environments and models group and i work as a software integration engineer here at nurk so to kind of give you some context of what i am going to talk about is i am kind of taking this from after you have logged into pearl met you meet this terminal and kind of like now what do you do right you come here to do science you need software to run on the system to make that happen so how do you get the software you need you have one of these 4 ways you can load it into your environment using modules you can access it through containers you can compile it from source that maybe you download from github or gitlab or some somewhere else you can use package managers like cond or spa and i will include e 4s with a package manager but it is kind of a fuzzy definition so in this talk i am going to be focusing on modules compiling from source and i will quickly mention spa and e 4s containers and cond that will show up in other talks later later so i will not cover them here so 1st modules so modules are how we sort of load pre installed software into our environment from you know on pearl met so for example if you just logged into the terminal in pearl met ssh and you typed python d version you would get the system default which is python 2.7.8 and you would say well wait a minute you know python 2 i want something newer than that how do i get that well you can do this command down here we say module load python d 311 to get python version 311 and it will load it as a module into your environment right so this command here says module list this says list all the modules that are currently loaded into my environment you can see you get a several of them here by default but when i load one like this specifically python 311 it shows up here and that tells me now if i run the same command i ran at the beginning python d version i will now get the one that is associated with the module i loaded and that is python 31.7 which you probably prefer over 2.7.8 so in a nutshell that example just kind of briefly describes like how all the modules work this is how you bring different versions of software that you want into your environment so that you can use them we have a lot of modules on the system this list is not really to look at but just to show you there is lots of them so how do you find them well i will sorry i jumped one slide we will talk about how to find them after this but by default these are the ones you get right and so modules affect all sorts of different things in your environment for example if we are looking at this default set the one number one here this loads the cpu architecture so that when you are compiling your code using our compile wrappers which i will introduce later it will be optimized for our cpus and for our system you get our default programming environment so right now that is set to the g new compiler by these modules that indicate that you also see we have the several marbles for the gp 2 architecture and right now because the gpu module is loaded it is set to compile code for cuda aware mpi so modules affect different things in our system these several of them are loaded by default and that is why we should learn about them okay so if you looking through modules and you want to know how to find them there is several commands that you will want to know we have seen module list that shows the ones that are currently loaded in your environment if you want to load or unload modules you can use module load or unload module swap you know it is it is kind of i think it used to be more important with the older module system maybe not so much anymore because you can now just directly load the one you want used to be had to unload one sometimes to get the one you want module show will give you the details of what the module is doing to your environment so i will break that down in a slide later and if you want to find a particular module and you are not sure what it is called or where to look i recommend module spider and previously might have used something like module avail well because elod is sort of has a hierarchical representation or let me see what is the best word a hierarchical system of how it presents the modules to you and in the environment it will not always show you every available module with module available so and i will give you example of that so we recommend using module spider and this scary spider picture here is to help you remember use module spider to find your modules there is some cool tricks here that you can do with the module command to help you do modules i will leave them here for people to try out later so what i have here is this just a short kind of video that shows an example of why i want to use module spider versus module avil and in this example what i am trying to do is i am trying to load this cray net cdf module and it is just it is just the net cdf library that i want to use for my software so let us take a look and watch and i will try not to talk too much so those are the modules i am starting with and it is just pointing out i do not have it and so if i try to load it directly i get this error and it says it does not exist and you might be confused and think okay well maybe it is not on the system right but that is actually not the case and so as we learn if i am looking through module avil and i look for mod net cdf i actually find these other ones but i do not find the one i want so now if i try my spider and i see cdf i see ah pops up but if i look through this i find out that i actually need to write out this full net cdf with the version and then it will give me even more complete information about the module and it turns out if i want to load cet cdf i have to load create hdfc hdf 51st and so that is the hierarchy i was talking about earlier so now if i load cray hdf i can load cray net cdf and voila so success so that is why we recommend module spider because it will find it modules no matter where they are in the hierarchy that might not be presented to you otherwise so the other command that was on that list with module show and what module show does is it shows exactly how a module is modifying your user environment to make that software available to you so i kind of group these commands inside the module into 3 sort of general areas one is just sort of general area which tells you these are sort of commands that tell you about what modules can be loaded at which time some help and what this module is this is just a short description and the yellow ones are ones that change your path so path is like where does your user environment look for executables to run so you can see here it is in the path with the location of hdf 5 the bin folder so that if you type something in your command line it will go to that bin and look for that command and run it for you now similarly with a lot of these other paths these paths are used for codes when they compile and look for other when other codes compile and look for that library the look might look in those environment variables and those paths for your library so this is modifying all of those the green is environmental variables are set so for example hdf 5 root right is set when you run this environment to this value when you when you load this module it is set to this value so that if you are again loading a library that is looking for this environment variable hdf 5 roote to find out where hdf 5 is it can do that so that is kind of what is going on with the modules and how they are changing your environment so that you make more to make more software available to you okay so the next thing i am going to talk about is compiling so the you know i i start with kind of some pretty basic examples but probably most of you will not run you know did not come to pr to run hello world right and you know all i can say is that compiling code is is fairly complex and complicated and and kind of everything is a little bit different or different enough to make it difficult and and that is kind of you know the the world we live in i guess so i am g to kind of go through some basic knowledge and give you kind of hopefully a baseline i am going to also give you some sporadic random knowledge about compiling and and somewhere in the mix of all of it hopefully you find some things that are useful when you come across your issue okay so that said you have trouble file a ticket okay so here we go if you doing hello world on your own machine you might have done something like this gcc and i compile my code hello world comes out right that is the basic thing well the next step towards supercomputing is mpi right so instead of using you know if you are gna now do multiple processes let suppose you had a multiple process hello world you would do npic cc hello world c and then all of a sudden you know now your code is going super fast because it is using multiple processes and doing much more well in that vein right on pearl mut what we are going to do is we are going to use a combination of the programming environment module so right this program environment cano and this thing here what we call cc this is a compiler wrapper so the combination somebody is excited about compiler rappers okay so we are going to use the combination of these 2 to get into exactly the the the position we want where they coat right and this is what is going to make it worked the best on pearl that is why you have the fanciest car next to it so what are compiler wrappers well for compiler wrappers are essentially these instead of gcc right we have the module programming environment and this command cc right depending on which programming environment i am in it might go to a different compiler so for example i can tell you this one is programming environment g because it is using the g compiler when i do the c capital cc command right this is for the c compiler if if you want to see what this compiler wrapper is doing under the hood that is what this command here does now when you when you compile this you do not need to put this command in this is just for illustration purposes here but you can see that if i include this it will tell me all the things that are actually being substituted into this compiler wrapper so for example instead of cc you would put all of this you this and this and this and this and actually a bunch of other stuff which i will show you on the next slide into this all into this one single command line this is all optimizations you know this includes the mpi library right i did not specify npi here but this included it anyways this also includes any math libraries i need again here it was included even though i did not specified here all these things are done automatically all these things have been configured by hp engineers great engineers and nurse staff to give you to make sure your code is running in a performant way on our system so using the compiler wrappers allows us to take advantage of all that in a very simple way now i showed you 2 or 3 there is actually a bunch more it includes extra stuff it will link in as needed etc etc etc the whole point is there is a lot that goes into this under the hood when you are using that cc capital cc lowercase cc and ftn to compile your code so again i said that these work in combination within the programming environment so for example if i wanted to compile with a different compiler other than the gcc compiler what i would do is i would load the programming environment nvidia so in this example the programming by nvidia includes the mvc compiler so if you notice this line here has not changed from the last example but instead of using g now now it is using mvc plus just because i used switched from programming environment gnu to programming nvidia and similarly with intel if i wanted to use the intel compiler i would not change the line i used to compile my code i would only load a different programming environment module and that would change to this to the correct intel compiler this ipx notice the optimization flags also change with all of this too including much more many more lines which i did not fit into the slide so this is sort of a chart to put all these things in one place right so if you are using this module these are the new compilers if you use capital cc you get g lowercase cc you get gcc if you use ftn you get g 4 tr and this is the mpi library you get these are all the same to point out that you always use the same compiler wrapper right same compile rapper for c same compile rapper for c but what changes is the module the programming environment module each one okay you will notice a lot of my slides have these links to more information in the docs so i will i will just leave it there for your reference if you are wondering which programming environment to start with and and work from the kind of top to bottom here so if you are never compiled your code before and you were not sure what was going to make it work i would 1st suggest try this one if that one is is not what you want maybe try this one and then work down from there and and until you are successful and satisfied so the rappers like i said they have a lot of things built into them they will automatically link things like mpa mpi laac bloss scalap pac and more all automatically there is other modules so if you have modules loaded like kay hdf 5 or gray ffdw those will all get linked automatically another thing to point out is you know people often you know most of you are doing scientific codes you need math libraries those are all contained in this cray libai library so if you want to find out more information on that i suggest looking into the the man file with this command man in to libai that one that gets linked automatically i found works for most codes so this is where we kind of go off of you know basic compile into to sort of more of the woods when we start to talk about build systems because most of people usually when they come they have a code you know they are not necessarily like i said trying to confile hello world they are trying to run a code that they got from somewhere else sometimes the codee is 20 years old sometimes it is from somewhere else or whatever right all sorts of different things there a wide variety the probably 2 most common build systems that i see are auto or auto config auto tools those are all kind of the same group of things that is the same like we have a make file you type the config make make install that is that is all kind of autocom the other one is cmake the important thing for these build systems is they often have certain variables that they use to look for the c compiler the c compiler and the 4 trend compiler whenever somebody asked me to help them compile their code the 1st thing i try to do is try to make sure that those variables those environment variables are pointed to the correct wrappers the cray wrappers so they can pick up all those extra flags which makes the code work on our system right so if you were trying to get this to comp compile with auto config autoc conf you my suggestion would be you want to make these variables pick up the compiler rappers you can do that with this type of step right if you are doing it at the configure step you are using this this method right right you can do it with this command if you are doing cmake this is kind of the cmake standard way to do it you can run this to specify which to specify the the the compiler wrappers in your build so the goal is to get these build systems to use the cray compiler wrappers so that the code will compile correctly so this is just a few examples of like i said the random prodct information that hopefully may come in handy for you someday so for example if we are trying to compile this code called slate with the slate slate library you can see here looking at its directions it says okay well if you are going to compile this what you 1st need to do is make this file and you need to say cxx is equal to npi cxx well that will not work on pear m and that will keep your code from compiling what you will need to do is say make this file instead of saying it npic cxx you are going to want to say cxx equals cc fc equals ftn and you know when we get into the blast stuff it gets a little bit tricky but you know you need to make sure that part of the code is enabled but as long as you get the compiler wrapper set it will find the math libraries it needs as long as the code is asking for them to be compiled and then you know you do the same make make install after that if you are using cake right one thing another random piece of information just so you know it is there if you ever get stuck trying to figure out something with cake is this guey right and it is not the same type of guey we were talking about with no machine this is like a terminal gooey right so you do not need to do any exporting to make this work but if you are if you find yourself in the se make process i am g to tell you about this now so that when you are trying to figure this out you get 0 yeah i remember and then maybe it comes across but but i i can not explain the whole process now but if you are doing ccmake or cmake do dot to to configure your code before you do the make and make install steps try cc make dot dot and that will bring you to this gooey and what this does is if you press t like what i have done here this what i am showing you here is the advaned mode t it shows you and even without the advanced mode it shows you what the options are picking up so if you look here cmake the cx compiler has picked up this path for the compiler so i can confirm this goey gives me a way to confirm that the build system has picked up the correct compiler and i do not have to worry about making sure it is not doing something weird like npic cc or something like that having to fix that so so this gives me a way to confirm that andure my build is going to work correctly just a few comments about linking so a lot of the modules like we talked about in the module show they will preen the library path so you do not necessarily have to point out where they are located in the system if you need to link them cray rappers build dynamically linked executables by default i you know the way i remember this is these are the ones that you know you are trying to run your code and says 0 can not find the shared library right this just means that you know at runtime it looks for where that library is and and pulls it in if you try to do static compulation where you compile everything into one big static blob with the something like the static flag or cr link type equal static this can fail and it is not supported on pearlet so we do not recommend that so just a sort of a mid summary best practices for compiling quum cing use the system compiler wrappers cc cc and ftn when you are doing build systems such as autocom use you know try to verify the compiler wrappers are being used so now i am going to go over some some examples un you know due to sort of what the constraints of what we have here i can only show you like hello world type stuff but but i think it is a good baseline to start with so here is my hello world code with mpi and open mp so i have multiple processor parallelism i have thread parallelism all in my my one example here to enable thread parallelism right open mp i am going to use this flag right and again like depending on which compiler you are using it might be a slightly different flag to point out again where i go when i want to find out about compilers is i look at theand pages you know there is a wealth of information in there it can be overwhelming but but just try to search for the flag you think you are looking for and you can actually learn a lot by reading through there so in this case i am going to need to use this f openmp to enable openmp for this hello world code so this is what this you know this is my compile line this is what i am going to show you here so what i have loaded is the new programming environment and we are going to comp compile that hello world example i had up above with my hello world these are my modules it might be slightly different than what you see today but essentially the default module set will find would be fine here i include my f open andp flag i need that with the gcc comp compiler i get my executable if i am doing a threaded application i have to tell it how many threads to to use have a few other environment variables i should set these are all listed in the docs for how to run an open mp code run it hey i get my 4 processes with 2 thread each and success right so just to show you i use the compile a wrapper i still you have to specify the flag to get open mp and that compiled the code now if you want to compile fancier stuff with things like kuda aware npi the module that does that is this gpu module right so if i look at module show gpu this is how we learn to see what it is doing under the covers what it essentially does is takes that m pitch gpu support enabled environmental v environment variable and sets it to one it also loads the optimization for the nvidia ad 0 gpu so that is enough to tell it when we are using the cig compiling rappers to use cuda aware mpi so i have an example here where i am going to compile something with cuda aware mpi and you know that i am essentially going to show you is like i can do this without even typing right it is that easy right yeah my own jokes so again i have got my default set of modules except that i have loaded the programming environment nvidia and i have made sure to have the gpu module loaded this is just what i am reiterating here or the typing version of myself same thing i am using the compiler wrappers this is the executable on meat i am i am linking this hardware location library because that is required by the source code put those in i tell it you know how many processes how many processors per how many cpus per process and how many gpus i want and this is the output i get which shows that the code is working okay so that is you know so so what you should be seeing is that okay it is not that difficult to include kudow weare mpi in the compile process as long as we are using compiler wrappers so more resources on compiling i have got 4 here probably the best one is the most recent one written by rebecca she wrote a thing on how to compile just a sort of step b how to compile things on norse resources nur resources if you want more advanced information you should probably get into these other 3 where we talk about all the other different compilers some of the advice i covered earlier goes into greater detail and so on so those are good resources in the docs for compiling i want to point out that at you know at nurk we support a wide range of programming models you know i have these are all the logos i can find so we have got the m pitch mpi we do have open mpi but you know we are we are i have been told to talk about best practices and i would say that the the system mpi is m pitch so you should always try to get this one working 1st unless you have a specific reason to go to open mpi and you know then then then you can try the open npi available we have cocos we have got nvidia ca we have open mp we have this standard parallelism both in in c and fortran we support cle open acc also hip so so however you want you know whatever programming model you have we probably have support for it and again more docs for more information on that so now that you have compiled your code and you have got your executable the next question is where do you put it so you know by default most of these installers you know will be a script that will try to install it into some sort of dash you know sl user location either sl user share user local something like this but if you are doing that on pearl mot you as a user cannot write to that location we need that you know it is specially reserved for our system ad bins to do all their fancy stuff so where can you install it then well you are going to have to tell your install location to pick one of these other places and you know i am not exactly sure how much this was cover will be covered in other areas but i will just briefly review here so you have got your home directory and as far as performance you know if you really want to get performance out of your code this is not really optimal it is not home directory is not optimized for running highly paralyzed code at you know high in a high performance way so mostly what you want to keep in your home directory is just the source code that you are wanted to compile maybe some scripts for running them and you know the home directory is relatively small so you can not put a lot of stuff in it so it is not really where you want to install your code for the scratch file system right this is you how you can locate it you get cd money sign scratch and it will take you there this is the most the optimal performance on the system but it has some drawbacks if you are thinking about installing software so it is really you know it is not really easy to share so for example if you were compiling a software that you wanted to share with everybody in your project if you did it on scratch drive you would not be able to do that right and it is really designed for sort of temporary input output data input put output from your runs it is very performant but you know it is not designed for executable software the other location that is designed for where your software is this global common sls software and then you have your project directory now this is performant maybe maybe not as much as scratch however still quite performing and it is optimized for soft ware installs the only thing to point out here is it is read only on compute noes that is part of the optimization right so you just have to be aware of that when you are when you are using certain types of software so if you ask me like where should i install my software i would say like personally if i am just testing and i am just trying to get something to work i if you are just testing it does not matter if you are kind of home or scratch but as soon as you want to use it on a regular basis then you should move it to common because you know that is that is going to be the best position for sharing with other people for running it yourself for for not using up your allocation the wrong way it will not get purged by accident if you do not use it for a while and you forget how to compile it that kind of stuff you know you can you know you also have this community file system but that is really mostly for sharing data my projects so think about trying to install your software in global comment software dash your project so a few other things that i mentioned at the beginning for software is a few other places to get software and spack is another one so spack the tagline is it is a it is a package manager for supercomputers it also works really well on your local machine though if you are trying to do this on on at home on your computer or even on your mac they have been doing a lot of work to make this work but the way you get back up and running is you just clone the repo with this command you source this script that is what this command does the dot tells you it is the same as the synonym for a source spack and that activates the spack environment and then you just type spack install the package you want you you know there is a bunch more spa commands that are at this website that will tell you more about how to use spack but the the point of this slide is to tell you that you can use spack on proar motor as a way to bring in the software you want why did i put the backwards penguin here so when you try to install back on promot the funny thing is it usually tries to download and build a lot of redundant dependencies it is possible to tell spa not to do this and to use other files but you know it is it is a little bit troublesome in the fact that you know maybe the code will not work exactly as designed if you are not using the one that back thinks you should so so with you know i guess with moral the stories nothing in the life is easy but but sometimes fact works and sometimes it is easy and sometimes it does not and sometimes it is not easy but if you want to just give it a try it is worth trying another set of another way to get a lot of software is the e 4s the extreme cell scientific software stack and what this is is this is like a curated set of software packages that get additional testing on our systems now it there is a lot of confusion between efor and spa spack is kind of the bigger wider thing which has many more software much more software available to you that you can install you know kind of from from anywhere right as long as it is included bank e 4s is a subset of that these are scientific software packages largely written by doe folks that have already been installed and compiled on promot a lot of them get regular testing by by some of our nurse staff to make sure they are functioning and what you can do with they are available through this modules so the way you access to them is you say module load e 4s just like i did here and the way it is set up now is we have 4 different environments you can choose from just if you are familiar with cond and cond environment is kind of the same thing in this example i picked the environment to show you which ones the gpu enabled ones are and then once you have activated that environment you can find lots of different codes that are already installed using this spack fine command and so you will you know i only showed you the 1st 3 lines of this list but there is there is like over a 100 just in the cuda environment and if you look at the 4 environments that are available you get a total of 478 so you do get a wide range of possible packages to install possible packages that you can access so my my my personal hot take on this is is similar to the spack thing where i would give it a try and if it works it works if it fails then then then just try something else because trying to troubleshoot why something like this does not work can be more complex but again when they work they are really nice and convenient and it is worth trying just for that fact so this brings me to my last slide these are my suggestions for breast practices for programming environments and compilation the 1st one is for modules use module spider because that will negate that module hierarchy and make sure you are searching through all available modules the big lesson of this whole talk is to use the compiler wrappers because they do all the magic behind the scenes to make your code work so capital cc lowercase cc and ftn in combination with those programming environment modules if you are doing build systems like i said autocom and cmake you know verify they using those compiler wrappers a nice trick with c cake is that command ccmake to give you that guey so you can confirm that things are u as you think they are another i think good hint is man files so i mean i am sure man is short for manual but if you wanted to know about npi in the system and you admire people who have been on the system for like 20 30 years and how do they know all this deep knowledge it is it is basically because they just read this part here nothing fancy but that is that is where all that information is another tip or trick is if you want to see some example builds there is several scripts available at this location in this repo nurse community software so if you want to see how i build software i have some scripts there that i have written so you can look there and see how i set the flags and and do the things and always if you have more questions or need any help you know you can find us at help that nurse thatg or or if you ever see me on at the berkeley lab or on the street you i am happy to answer your super computing questions so with that i guess i will leave it there	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KJ_PCzQjGRQ
551.334625	we we believe the the scripture that says the gospel is the power of God and the salvation We Believe when I tell that story again the same power that was released to Calvary comes into the room again today the same deliverance and salvation from 2000 years ago comes today we believe that I believe that's what's supposed to happen when we partake of communion because when we testify of what he did we're supposed that's what the word communion means it means means to partake I believe every time we take it we're supposed to partake of what he did maybe this is why God said you overcome by the blood of the lamb and the word of your maybe when you give your testimony when you talk maybe when you talk about what God did yesterday the same power comes in the room today maybe it's why the redeemed of the Lord are supposed to say so thing that strikes me is that that ring of truth about something is that I know what happens when I go somewhere where God has done something significant and I revisit that and say it again I know what I sense when I go to Cape Henry and read the decree Over America that lays out God's Destiny for this nation when I do it which I've done several times I feel what must have been happening on that day in 1607. a holy awesome fear of God comes on me a faith Rises up in me the presence of God comes to that Beach and I realize I am doing something that is not just a ritual God is here here you don't have to be a Cape Henry to do that by the way if you ever get the chance you should go and it doesn't have to be what he he's what hunt Robert hunt prophesied at Cape Henry it's probably a prophecy or two about Georgia there's probably a promise he's given you about your prodigal I I mean what I'm about to say I don't I can't prove it I'm not positive this is true but I'm I'm conf I'm confident it's true I don't think there's ever been a a four or five week period of time with as many people in as many places have commanded the word of the Lord that he has spoken in the past the forward over our nation of our states our cities our kids our schools our governments I don't because I know I know for absolute fact tens of thousands of people around this nation are doing this maybe hundreds of thousands of people are doing it because it's not just my minutes not just giving 15. scores of letters and emails about people that have been doing this before we ever talked about it it's like I said we're already doing this God's already been telling us they didn't use the same phrase but he said them on these assignments to go here and here and here and you know and pray around the Border here and do I just have to believe that that when we say what God says because let me take this a step farther and then I'm going to wind this down and and then I'm going to do something really amazing tomorrow morning that some of you are going to miss foreign the part that will change your life forever for morning let me just say in with this it doesn't to say What God Says and that release his power to say it together to say it with him it doesn't have to be quoting scripture oh that messing with some of you isn't it this has to be the word of the Lord now I am not equating prophecy or anything a person says with the Bible because this is the only infallible word I know of this is the only Eternal infallible grafe of God right here and everything anybody else says has to be judged by this okay so I'm I'm I'm with you one thousand percent on that but it is scriptural to say things that God says that are not written down and come into agreement with them anything you hear and you think it's from God you better judge that you better judge it with scripture often you need to have others help you judge that and and interpret it so that you know you're really understanding what God is saying but when you know it's a word from the Lord you need to begin to say that I know I can I can I've done this long enough to read you okay I know some of you are wrestling with that Paul told Timothy Timothy was going through a really hard time Timothy had a really hard job he was leading one of the most challenging a church in the most challenging one of the most challenging places at that time on the planet and one of the most influential and he was a young man and he was he was just having all kinds of adversity Paul who mentored discipled father this young guy and he said I'll leave you here at Ephesus take it and if you read the two letters to Timothy you you can see in there this is the heart of a father he's he's about to die second Timothy's the last book he wrote the epistle Paul the last epistle he wrote he's he didn't have time to to to to be nice and all touchy-feely with Timothy he's just saying look I'm not good much longer here and I need to say some things to you now get it together God hasn't given you a spirit of fear but Power of Love And A sound mind you fight the fight of a good soldier and you lay hold with faith and he's a lot of instructions to this guy he says I know this is it I'd love to teach someone that because some of the words he used have the connotation of I know what's inside of you because I put it in there now you get it out but he said to him at one point you take the prophecies that we prophesied over you and I want you to use them to fight this battle I want you to get them out and read them and start saying them and saying war with the words the prophecies that we gave you Hallelujah	we we believe the the scripture that says the gospel is the power of god and the salvation we believe when i tell that story again the same power that was released to calvary comes into the room again today the same deliverance and salvation from 2000 years ago comes today we believe that i believe that is what is supposed to happen when we partake of communion because when we testify of what he did we are supposed that is what the word communion means it means means to partake i believe every time we take it we are supposed to partake of what he did maybe this is why god said you overcome by the blood of the lamb and the word of your maybe when you give your testimony when you talk maybe when you talk about what god did yesterday the same power comes in the room today maybe it is why the redeemed of the lord are supposed to say so thing that strikes me is that that ring of truth about something is that i know what happens when i go somewhere where god has done something significant and i revisit that and say it again i know what i sense when i go to cape henry and read the decree over america that lays out god is destiny for this nation when i do it which i have done several times i feel what must have been happening on that day in 1607 a holy awesome fear of god comes on me a faith rises up in me the presence of god comes to that beach and i realize i am doing something that is not just a ritual god is here here you do not have to be a cape henry to do that by the way if you ever get the chance you should go and it does not have to be what he he is what hunt robert hunt prophesied at cape henry it is probably a prophecy or 2 about georgia there is probably a promise he is given you about your prodigal i i mean what i am about to say i do not i can not prove it i am not positive this is true but i am i am conf i am confident it is true i do not think there is ever been a a 4 or 5 week period of time with as many people in as many places have commanded the word of the lord that he has spoken in the past the forward over our nation of our states our cities our kids our schools our governments i do not because i know i know for absolute fact 10s of 1000s of people around this nation are doing this maybe 100s of 1000s of people are doing it because it is not just my minutes not just giving 15 scores of letters and emails about people that have been doing this before we ever talked about it it is like i said we are already doing this god is already been telling us they did not use the same phrase but he said them on these assignments to go here and here and here and you know and pray around the border here and do i just have to believe that that when we say what god says because let me take this a step farther and then i am going to wind this down and and then i am going to do something really amazing tomorrow morning that some of you are going to miss foreign the part that will change your life forever for morning let me just say in with this it does not to say what god says and that release his power to say it together to say it with him it does not have to be quoting scripture 0 that messing with some of you is not it this has to be the word of the lord now i am not equating prophecy or anything a person says with the bible because this is the only infallible word i know of this is the only eternal infallible grafe of god right here and everything anybody else says has to be judged by this okay so i am i am i am with you 1000% on that but it is scriptural to say things that god says that are not written down and come into agreement with them anything you hear and you think it is from god you better judge that you better judge it with scripture often you need to have others help you judge that and and interpret it so that you know you are really understanding what god is saying but when you know it is a word from the lord you need to begin to say that i know i can i can i have done this long enough to read you okay i know some of you are wrestling with that paul told timothy timothy was going through a really hard time timothy had a really hard job he was leading one of the most challenging a church in the most challenging one of the most challenging places at that time on the planet and one of the most influential and he was a young man and he was he was just having all kinds of adversity paul who mentored discipled father this young guy and he said i will leave you here at ephesus take it and if you read the 2 letters to timothy you you can see in there this is the heart of a father he is he is about to die 2nd timothy is the last book he wrote the epistle paul the last epistle he wrote he is he did not have time to to to to be nice and all touchy feely with timothy he is just saying look i am not good much longer here and i need to say some things to you now get it together god has not given you a spirit of fear but power of love and a sound mind you fight the fight of a good soldier and you lay hold with faith and he is a lot of instructions to this guy he says i know this is it i would love to teach someone that because some of the words he used have the connotation of i know what is inside of you because i put it in there now you get it out but he said to him at one point you take the prophecies that we prophesied over you and i want you to use them to fight this battle i want you to get them out and read them and start saying them and saying war with the words the prophecies that we gave you hallelujah	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kx_iYoioQqg
482.603563	greetings Seekers of Truth and wisdom today we embark on a profound journey to explore the final six Commandments of the Ten Commandments and uncover their profound relevance in our modern world for centuries these ancient teachings have stood as beacons of moral guidance Illuminating the path towards a life of purpose and fulfillment yet in our era of self-proclaimed wokeness we often find ourselves questioning the very foundations upon which these Commandments were built through this sermon series we will discover that true Awakening transcends the fleeting trends of our times for it was Jesus Christ himself the embodiment of divine Love and Truth who lived and taught a form of Awakening far greater than our current [Music] understanding today's youth and pseudo science culture has developed this idea of woke okay so you're woke why is this a major issue now when we were culturally United before 2008 wokeism has now divided the Western World here's the issue Jesus was woke before this quote idea entered our lexicon seriously although as Christians have standards and rules we follow the main issue of being woke is one of the core tenants for us our rules are standard by what we try to live by these rules constrain our animalistic and debase nature but many woke idiots have said that Christianity is the cause of the issues here in the world today local state and federal laws are being ignored in a majority of quote Progressive cities and states look at what happened great examples is Los Angeles and New York City so how is being Christian more woke than the progressive left when we look at Jesus and his ministry the core is to restore or fulfill the law we see this when it comes to Matthew 5: 17- 20 don't suppose for a minute that I have come to demolish the scriptures either God's law or the prophets I'm not here to demolish but to complete I am going to put it all together put it all together in a vast Panorama God's law is more real and Lasting than the stars in the sky and the ground at your feet long after Stars burn out and Earth wears out God's law will will be alive and working trivialize even the smallest item in God's law and you will only have triv Tri trivialized yourself but take it seriously show the way for others and you will find honor in the Kingdom unless you do far better than the Pharisees in the matters of right living you won't know the first thing about entering the kingdom in many aspects the law being referred to is the original Law from God the ten commands Commandments now the first four Commandments deal with God directly in worshiping him the next six are the big issues that face our place here on Earth what is key here and how Jesus was a woke individual is in verses 19 and 20 trivialize even the smallest items in God's law and you will only have triv trivialized yourself but take it seriously show the way for others and you will find honor in the Kingdom unless you do far better than the Pharisees in the matters of right living you won't know the first thing about entering the kingdom in this one passage Jesus basically destroys the duonic and levitic laws 90% of these two books regarding the laws of the Jews were written by the Pharisees not God if you ever studied Deuteronomy and Leviticus look how anal retentive the laws and punishments are you know this TV series The West Wing actually has an entire scene where the president is quoting from these two books to a very literal Christian now this is why Jesus uses the word trivialize the mundane and small issues we see in our civil law cloes should not be emblazoned in the Bible these individual legal cloes are for our government and people God made very general but also very specific items when it came to the Ten Commandments now as I said God's ten commandments are very general in meaning when it came to his father followers while the first four Commandments relate to God and worship the next six are key to this message they are honor your father and your mother that your days may be long in the land that the Lord your God is giving you you shall not murder you shall not commit adultery you shall not steal you shall not bear false witness against your neighbor you shall not covet your neighbor's house you shall not covet your neighbor's wife or his male servant or his female servant or his ox or his donkey or anything that is your neighbors again if we compare these six Commandments with today's legal codex notice the lack of punishment Jesus m is making it quite clear that God will punish those who disobey The Ten Commandments but is not disclosing those punishments because they are not tied to the Corporal World God has not time to list each punishment based on the number of violations God is only interested in making sure we are limited in our actions here on Earth to be better citizens to each other if any of youve noticed your memes there's one that is two panels with Jim from the office in front of a whiteboard the Whiteboard States your religion does not prohibit me from anything it prohibits you learn the difference you're right religion does not prohibit anyone but we are given freedom of choice in our lives what religion does is not pray not only pray and be obedient to a higher power but we also acknowledge that high that higher power wishes us to be morally right when we deal with our world The Ten Commandments were presented in stone for a reason Stone was used as a foundation in homes in ancient times this is why the Ten Commandments are so also carved in stone they represent the foundation of being better individuals and a moral Superior Society now you wondering why I state that Jesus is more woke than today's hairy liberals in the media in this series we will break down how Jesus in fulfilling the laws of Moses was the most woke individual of his time and why it is time to turn the tide back to worshiping God and Jesus to ensure the survival of our cultures and lives Jesus would heal people would heal people in front of the rabbis the Pharisees and scribes who were deemed impure and Evil under their laws in Deuteronomy and Le Leviticus Jesus walked and talked with common people Jesus asked uneducated people to become his disciples in other words Jesus showed through his compassion understanding and love for people that the old Deuteronomy and Leviticus laws are man-made and not the Ten Commandments that are God's true laws so continue with us on this next on the sixth part Series where we look at the last six Commandments Commandments individually and show that Jesus is the woke guy we all need to emulate and follow come back next week as we begin our six part series about the most woke God in the [Music] world	greetings seekers of truth and wisdom today we embark on a profound journey to explore the final 6 commandments of the 10 commandments and uncover their profound relevance in our modern world for centuries these ancient teachings have stood as beacons of moral guidance illuminating the path towards a life of purpose and fulfillment yet in our era of self proclaimed wokeness we often find ourselves questioning the very foundations upon which these commandments were built through this sermon series we will discover that true awakening transcends the fleeting trends of our times for it was jesus christ himself the embodiment of divine love and truth who lived and taught a form of awakening far greater than our current understanding today is youth and pseudo science culture has developed this idea of woke okay so you are woke why is this a major issue now when we were culturally united before 2008 wokeism has now divided the western world here is the issue jesus was woke before this quote idea entered our lexicon seriously although as christians have standards and rules we follow the main issue of being woke is one of the core tenants for us our rules are standard by what we try to live by these rules constrain our animalistic and debase nature but many woke idiots have said that christianity is the cause of the issues here in the world today local state and federal laws are being ignored in a majority of quote progressive cities and states look at what happened great examples is los angeles and new york city so how is being christian more woke than the progressive left when we look at jesus and his ministry the core is to restore or fulfill the law we see this when it comes to matthew 5 17 20 do not suppose for a minute that i have come to demolish the scriptures either god is law or the prophets i am not here to demolish but to complete i am going to put it all together put it all together in a vast panorama god is law is more real and lasting than the stars in the sky and the ground at your feet long after stars burn out and earth wears out god is law will will be alive and working trivialize even the smallest item in god is law and you will only have triv tri trivialized yourself but take it seriously show the way for others and you will find honor in the kingdom unless you do far better than the pharisees in the matters of right living you will not know the 1st thing about entering the kingdom in many aspects the law being referred to is the original law from god the 10 commands commandments now the 1st 4 commandments deal with god directly in worshiping him the next 6 are the big issues that face our place here on earth what is key here and how jesus was a woke individual is in verses 19 and 20 trivialize even the smallest items in god is law and you will only have triv trivialized yourself but take it seriously show the way for others and you will find honor in the kingdom unless you do far better than the pharisees in the matters of right living you will not know the 1st thing about entering the kingdom in this one passage jesus basically destroys the duonic and levitic laws 90% of these 2 books regarding the laws of the jews were written by the pharisees not god if you ever studied deuteronomy and leviticus look how anal retentive the laws and punishments are you know this tv series the west wing actually has an entire scene where the president is quoting from these 2 books to a very literal christian now this is why jesus uses the word trivialize the mundane and small issues we see in our civil law cloes should not be emblazoned in the bible these individual legal cloes are for our government and people god made very general but also very specific items when it came to the 10 commandments now as i said god is 10 commandments are very general in meaning when it came to his father followers while the 1st 4 commandments relate to god and worship the next 6 are key to this message they are honor your father and your mother that your days may be long in the land that the lord your god is giving you you shall not murder you shall not commit adultery you shall not steal you shall not bear false witness against your neighbor you shall not covet your neighbor is house you shall not covet your neighbor is wife or his male servant or his female servant or his ox or his donkey or anything that is your neighbors again if we compare these 6 commandments with today is legal codex notice the lack of punishment jesus m is making it quite clear that god will punish those who disobey the 10 commandments but is not disclosing those punishments because they are not tied to the corporal world god has not time to list each punishment based on the number of violations god is only interested in making sure we are limited in our actions here on earth to be better citizens to each other if any of youve noticed your memes there is one that is 2 panels with jim from the office in front of a whiteboard the whiteboard states your religion does not prohibit me from anything it prohibits you learn the difference you are right religion does not prohibit anyone but we are given freedom of choice in our lives what religion does is not pray not only pray and be obedient to a higher power but we also acknowledge that high that higher power wishes us to be morally right when we deal with our world the 10 commandments were presented in stone for a reason stone was used as a foundation in homes in ancient times this is why the 10 commandments are so also carved in stone they represent the foundation of being better individuals and a moral superior society now you wondering why i state that jesus is more woke than today is hairy liberals in the media in this series we will break down how jesus in fulfilling the laws of moses was the most woke individual of his time and why it is time to turn the tide back to worshiping god and jesus to ensure the survival of our cultures and lives jesus would heal people would heal people in front of the rabbis the pharisees and scribes who were deemed impure and evil under their laws in deuteronomy and le leviticus jesus walked and talked with common people jesus asked uneducated people to become his disciples in other words jesus showed through his compassion understanding and love for people that the old deuteronomy and leviticus laws are man made and not the 10 commandments that are god is true laws so continue with us on this next on the 6th part series where we look at the last 6 commandments commandments individually and show that jesus is the woke guy we all need to emulate and follow come back next week as we begin our 6 part series about the most woke god in the world	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s5bcF5rtwzI
132.911	[Music] is word max whips across and Kern is from the max word for the mountain ash tree and they would make them at this time of year just before men to ward off evil spirits they leave em in witches and the clarify losers like sometimes calling themselves and the mangy beggar they often get calls you never quite trust them and you have to be very careful about them you want to just avoid if you can okay some wool that you've collected off the hedgerows rather than having has been cut off a sheep or a barbed wire you collected from the bushes that's just naturally come off of the cheapest brush tough you have to use your thumbnail to score a little hole and through it just makes it easy to keep the cross together and just score it with your thumb nail and push another little piece through and then you wrap it with some wool but you need to sort of make the ball into some kind of a thread I usually rolls along mini and and then there you just wind it round sort of in a X sort of shape and there and took it in at the back and hope it stays usually does when you make them you don't use any iron or any metal and have to use your hands only because I think they believed and anything metal or solutely nails that put the Jesus on the cross these days people think of it as a good luck symbol what does anything and then then we put it up on the back door and on the front door toward away the evil spirits for the year the only island to do so so if we don't keep our own traditions alive movie ourselves and it's good to see where we've come from and it just sets us apart makes it of existence and alone [Music]	is word max whips across and kern is from the max word for the mountain ash tree and they would make them at this time of year just before men to ward off evil spirits they leave em in witches and the clarify losers like sometimes calling themselves and the mangy beggar they often get calls you never quite trust them and you have to be very careful about them you want to just avoid if you can okay some wool that you have collected off the hedgerows rather than having has been cut off a sheep or a barbed wire you collected from the bushes that is just naturally come off of the cheapest brush tough you have to use your thumbnail to score a little hole and through it just makes it easy to keep the cross together and just score it with your thumb nail and push another little piece through and then you wrap it with some wool but you need to sort of make the ball into some kind of a thread i usually rolls along mini and and then there you just wind it round sort of in a x sort of shape and there and took it in at the back and hope it stays usually does when you make them you do not use any iron or any metal and have to use your hands only because i think they believed and anything metal or solutely nails that put the jesus on the cross these days people think of it as a good luck symbol what does anything and then then we put it up on the back door and on the front door toward away the evil spirits for the year the only island to do so so if we do not keep our own traditions alive movie ourselves and it is good to see where we have come from and it just sets us apart makes it of existence and alone	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UDZyBEsdq4o
729.803188	hi guys Dan here and today I'm going to be doing the latest installment in hardened danes indie read long so if I'm correct this is the January video probably out in about March knowing my current approach to making videos but I'm getting there and I'm gonna be reviewing two more Olly Jacobs Kirk sandblaster books so I'll link below to my last video where I discussed three of them in the series so he's a local high wycombe author and she went around to his house for a party and he gave me three of his books in this series and so I thought I might as well buy the final remaining two that he didn't have spare copies of so the Kirk sandblaster books are a little bit reminiscent of Douglas Adams they're basically humorous sci-fi they follow the titular character Kirk sandblaster space adventurer he's a bit of an arrogant douche to be honest he's kind of a character you love to hate and then he has his sidekick czar who has two heads and a power suit and zilara is much more kind of cynical and he's just brought along for the ride and doesn't always want to be there and it's just got this great song it's got this British sense of humor I think I also like in quite a few places he references like areas and things that are kind of native to High Wycombe where I live you know so I'm gonna start by taking a look at this one this is the space adventures of Kirk's ambassador space adventurer this is the first book in the series I'll read the blurb adventure that's Kirk's and blasters mantra in a universe filled with the wild and wonderful he's looking for his next fix along with his re and sidekicks la Kirk sandblaster is ready to zip zoom and laugh in the face of most things strapped in have a beverage and get ready for the space adventures of Kirk sandblaster space adventurer well I would not be one to denied a beverage so as I say this is the first book in the series you can kind of tell in the as the series progresses the the editing in particular and the copy editing gets a lot better so things like apostrophes been in the wrong places and that kind of stuff happens more kind of frequently towards to start that said it is a great introduction to the world of Kirk sandblaster it did what I would say it annoyed me but it was a bit jarring for me and that it jumps backwards and forwards through time because basically what happens is you start at this certain point in the story and then the AI the onboard AI called Navi on on his spaceship he's kind of telling the story of how him and LA met which is an important story but it's just weird a little bit how it's done that it jumps from the sort of the present back to the past and then back to the present back to the past again but it does work well I will read you a few a few things that I I highlighted here now I will say again I think it's because I read these out of order I would suggest reading them in order because basically this whole thing felt like backstory to me because it basically was because I'd read the next three books or whatever whereas Lara is already a character and this is very much introducing slaw and Kirk sandblaster and you know building the universe and I speaking of which the the world building which is actually universe building in this fantastic like very imaginative even some of the place names are just like the place names I got a kind of humor of their own to them as well oh yeah so here we go this will be recognizable to anybody from the UK in this place name whizzing through the majesty of space sandblaster knew exactly where he was going back in his gif days swigging carter Ali's with the lads before slinking off and letting them pay the bill they often spoke of the home of the Lost pilots it was a place where maverick flights mists went to perish on the wave of their own legacy burn out stretched thin and hung out to dry they were any willing captains for a price and the price wasn't cheap after all these outcasts had all come for a reason and we're usually willing to stay that place the floating bastion of jaded hope and lost souls Space Station Hulk no offense to any of my viewers who may be from a hole I like this little paragraph here as well so since then the art of transwarp has have still been mired in controversy in casual wariness in fact many Psychopaths have accepted transwarp a phobia is a serious recognizable condition at this juncture it should be noted that psychopaths are not in fact the mad acts murdering type that history defined them as but a portmanteau of psychologists and telepaths who exceed in the field oh yeah I like this a bit as well it breaks the fourth wall let me repeat this bit out so this builds directly on from that and because this is the computer telling the story and then we jump back to the present San Blas turns Largay Veatch other a befuddled look on the Gurian ship the dual face pirates gave themselves an equally confused one which given their multi-phase status was very confusing indeed Nabi why did you feel the need to clarify that San Blas were asked well sir just in cases of non future type person was listening in what do you mean non future type i mean someone who is not from this exciting science fictional world this isn't science fiction though you dumb piece of technology is lara growled maybe so but someone could be reading this and won't know all of these ram d ram damn diddly future terms apologies if the camera angle has changed my battery just died one thing i do like here as well just this little tiny bit of attention to detail so basically they've just recovered this map from outer space and it goes as thes re and crash back into the relative safety of the bounty sam blasted grab the map he instantly wished he hadn't as it was fairly frozen from brick being out in deep space he swiftly dropped it to the floor and dunked his hands in some thermal aqua we have this bit where they get into a super bright sun as well so they get up to earth well they tint the they keep tinting the screen of the ship so they can see it and it says at five thousand percent tin he finally managed to get a good look at the mega sun that was before him sure enough it was the largest surface he had ever seen with no hint of an edge to it no matter where he looked what amazed him further was the fact that periodically little black dots would pass by small enough to be almost insignificant but exactly all this but noticeable all the same sun blaster knew exactly what the dots were they were planets we also have the moment in this story where's la loses his eye and it gets replaced by a robotic one which is then mention in the later books as well I'm gonna give this I'm going to give this a three point seven five out of five actually going back through it now I did enjoy it more than I remembered enjoying it so that there's that so is good and we move on to this one here which is Kirk sandblaster plays the game of Lauria and the blurb for this boom despite the exploding glory of universe here Kirk's sand blaster is bored so what's a space adventurer to do sign up the most dangerous exciting tournament there is and bring along slaw for the ride so once again strap yourself in and grab your lasers because kirk sam blaster plays the game of Lauria and the game of Lauria is basically like a battle royale with non deadly lasers except there are also some very deadly explosions so it's not all kind of safe the reason Kirk sandblasting wants to do it is for the promise of adventure because that's the kind of guy he is there's also a big old prize if you win it but he's not too worried about that because for reasons I'm still not quite entirely certain of he is like a tetra lien heir he's very rich and this this is on par with Kirk sandblaster faces tetra Gaiden which I reviewed in the last batch that I read those who are probably my favorite of the series types so far I think they're also probably the later ones as well which you know potentially makes sense I also know that all these recently finished work on a new one and there might be a sixth one that I haven't got yet as well so I might wait till that that new one comes out and then we'll do it we'll do an update we'll do a third video on this series here we have another one of the great names as well so there's Space Station Risborough so the planet Lauria is where the actual game is held and Space Station Risborough I believe orbits that planet in a house the Medical Bay and all that stuff and basically people get shot by the lasers in this game and then they're like airlifted out by drones and taken to the Medi bay because they're paralyzed once they're hit only temporarily so that's good but um Space Station Risborough is presumably named after princess Risborough which is about 10-15 miles from here I like this little observation as well so basically because this is an actual planet that it's take taking place on the planet you get you get explain this as part of the you know the backstory of the book but the planet was kind of colonized and then abandoned so there's like lots of abandoned buildings that which is perfect for you to have this game of Lauria you know so it says here as I wanted to be in the thick of the action not playing babysitter but knew that fit would be useless on his own he picked up the alien and run to the hole that Broncs rocket had cause it had opened up a small series of offices filled with mechanical equipment and motivational posters one showcasing a cat dangling precariously from a piece of wire tolds la - hang on in there part of him wanted to shoot it I like this bit as well so sandblasters facing off against his sort of nemesis for this book and the the bit that you need to know going this is that the company that runs it all is called out for sports so this is this enemy he goes well let's let's read this bit here we go you know your problem Bronk Bronk just shook with rage he was snorting hard now swinging his limp limbs around with such ferocity that should they connect they'd still probably knock you out clean I'm gonna break you Sam blaster exactly that's your problem you're so caught up in getting revenge you lost sight of the game itself I mean what did you think this was vengeance Island at that moment alpha sports went into copywriting the term vengeance Island and plan to have its first season premiere next month so there is there some great commentary on like corporate culture in this as well oh there is a there is a typo in this that did make me chuckle of it it says you wouldn't you couldn't fault them for ceasing the moment instead of seizing the moment but again I mean it's an indie book you've gotta cut it some slack you know here we have a start one of the chapters as well so as the Alpha sports recovery center hold toward the dusty ground of Sector F Kirk sandblaster and his re and comrades la could only watch a certain doom looked at them straight on now Dean can come in all flavors of course but this was an impressive level of doom you can get mild doom or even a spot of heavy doom but certain doom that was very dooming and then we have a reference to Montague Santiago as well and the University of Man of the Year competition which I'm not sure whether that's already happened by this point because again I read them out of order but there is a there is a book about that so I think it goes yeah the space adventures of Kirk soundblaster space adventurer coke Sound Blaster in the ice pirates of La Koch Sound Blaster plays the game of Lauria Kirk soundblaster faces tetra gedan and then Kirk son Kirk Sound Blaster vs Montague since Santiago is number five I think so there's a nice a little bit for shadow in there all in all I give this a pretty solid four if not a four point two five out of five and yeah I enjoyed both of these I've enjoyed all of the books so far some of them are better than others be get that in a series and cuz of like if you look at them they're not particularly massive books so you can kind of binge on them pretty easily as well as I did I've read there five of them in two months now I believe and I look forward to reading some more and yeah I've read some of Ollie Jacobs his other stuff as well and were just yeah he's a good guy and a good author so I'd recommend it so we have it that is it for this month's edition of Hardin Danes Indy read along I'm not quite sure what I'll be reading in the month of February yet but it's chances are it's probably gonna be strange dat no sorries chances are it's gonna be West Richardson Street by saqib Deshmukh who is another High Wycombe author that's why I was thinking strange days in High Wycombe which isn't Olly Jacobs but yeah I'll probably read that and maybe some Duncan Ralston as well who I've read before who writes some horror but as always feel free to join us all you really have to do to take part is read an indie book each month or more if you would like to and I check out Todd the librarian as well shout out to time for books who has joined us I think every month since we started in his zag probably doing a better job at this point than either me or Todd ah she should be the third host really well yeah it is what it is so on that note thanks as always for watching don't forget to hit that like button if you've enjoyed this video and let me know in the comments if you're gonna be checking out the Kirk soundblaster books or indeed any of Olly Jacobs his stuff or anything by an indie author hit subscribe for more and I'll see you soon for another bookish video thanks a lot bye bye [Music] you	hi guys dan here and today i am going to be doing the latest installment in hardened danes indie read long so if i am correct this is the january video probably out in about march knowing my current approach to making videos but i am getting there and i am going to be reviewing 2 more olly jacobs kirk sandblaster books so i will link below to my last video where i discussed 3 of them in the series so he is a local high wycombe author and she went around to his house for a party and he gave me 3 of his books in this series and so i thought i might as well buy the final remaining 2 that he did not have spare copies of so the kirk sandblaster books are a little bit reminiscent of douglas adams they are basically humorous sci fi they follow the titular character kirk sandblaster space adventurer he is a bit of an arrogant douche to be honest he is kind of a character you love to hate and then he has his sidekick czar who has 2 heads and a power suit and zilara is much more kind of cynical and he is just brought along for the ride and does not always want to be there and it is just got this great song it has got this british sense of humor i think i also like in quite a few places he references like areas and things that are kind of native to high wycombe where i live you know so i am going to start by taking a look at this one this is the space adventures of kirk is ambassador space adventurer this is the 1st book in the series i will read the blurb adventure that is kirk is and blasters mantra in a universe filled with the wild and wonderful he is looking for his next fix along with his re and sidekicks la kirk sandblaster is ready to zip zoom and laugh in the face of most things strapped in have a beverage and get ready for the space adventures of kirk sandblaster space adventurer well i would not be one to denied a beverage so as i say this is the 1st book in the series you can kind of tell in the as the series progresses the the editing in particular and the copy editing gets a lot better so things like apostrophes been in the wrong places and that kind of stuff happens more kind of frequently towards to start that said it is a great introduction to the world of kirk sandblaster it did what i would say it annoyed me but it was a bit jarring for me and that it jumps backwards and forwards through time because basically what happens is you start at this certain point in the story and then the ai the onboard ai called navi on on his spaceship he is kind of telling the story of how him and la met which is an important story but it is just weird a little bit how it is done that it jumps from the sort of the present back to the past and then back to the present back to the past again but it does work well i will read you a few a few things that i i highlighted here now i will say again i think it is because i read these out of order i would suggest reading them in order because basically this whole thing felt like backstory to me because it basically was because i would read the next 3 books or whatever whereas lara is already a character and this is very much introducing slaw and kirk sandblaster and you know building the universe and i speaking of which the the world building which is actually universe building in this fantastic like very imaginative even some of the place names are just like the place names i got a kind of humor of their own to them as well 0 yeah so here we go this will be recognizable to anybody from the uk in this place name whizzing through the majesty of space sandblaster knew exactly where he was going back in his gif days swigging carter ali is with the lads before slinking off and letting them pay the bill they often spoke of the home of the lost pilots it was a place where maverick flights mists went to perish on the wave of their own legacy burn out stretched thin and hung out to dry they were any willing captains for a price and the price was not cheap after all these outcasts had all come for a reason and we are usually willing to stay that place the floating bastion of jaded hope and lost souls space station hulk no offense to any of my viewers who may be from a hole i like this little paragraph here as well so since then the art of transwarp has have still been mired in controversy in casual wariness in fact many psychopaths have accepted transwarp a phobia is a serious recognizable condition at this juncture it should be noted that psychopaths are not in fact the mad acts murdering type that history defined them as but a portmanteau of psychologists and telepaths who exceed in the field 0 yeah i like this a bit as well it breaks the 4th wall let me repeat this bit out so this builds directly on from that and because this is the computer telling the story and then we jump back to the present san blas turns largay veatch other a befuddled look on the gurian ship the dual face pirates gave themselves an equally confused one which given their multi phase status was very confusing indeed nabi why did you feel the need to clarify that san blas were asked well sir just in cases of non future type person was listening in what do you mean non future type i mean someone who is not from this exciting science fictional world this is not science fiction though you dumb piece of technology is lara growled maybe so but someone could be reading this and will not know all of these ram d ram damn diddly future terms apologies if the camera angle has changed my battery just died one thing i do like here as well just this little tiny bit of attention to detail so basically they have just recovered this map from outer space and it goes as thes re and crash back into the relative safety of the bounty sam blasted grab the map he instantly wished he had not as it was fairly frozen from brick being out in deep space he swiftly dropped it to the floor and dunked his hands in some thermal aqua we have this bit where they get into a super bright sun as well so they get up to earth well they tint the they keep tinting the screen of the ship so they can see it and it says at 5000% tin he finally managed to get a good look at the mega sun that was before him sure enough it was the largest surface he had ever seen with no hint of an edge to it no matter where he looked what amazed him further was the fact that periodically little black dots would pass by small enough to be almost insignificant but exactly all this but noticeable all the same sun blaster knew exactly what the dots were they were planets we also have the moment in this story where is la loses his eye and it gets replaced by a robotic one which is then mention in the later books as well i am going to give this i am going to give this a 3.75 out of 5 actually going back through it now i did enjoy it more than i remembered enjoying it so that there is that so is good and we move on to this one here which is kirk sandblaster plays the game of lauria and the blurb for this boom despite the exploding glory of universe here kirk is sand blaster is bored so what is a space adventurer to do sign up the most dangerous exciting tournament there is and bring along slaw for the ride so once again strap yourself in and grab your lasers because kirk sam blaster plays the game of lauria and the game of lauria is basically like a battle royale with non deadly lasers except there are also some very deadly explosions so it is not all kind of safe the reason kirk sandblasting wants to do it is for the promise of adventure because that is the kind of guy he is there is also a big old prize if you win it but he is not too worried about that because for reasons i am still not quite entirely certain of he is like a tetra lien heir he is very rich and this this is on par with kirk sandblaster faces tetra gaiden which i reviewed in the last batch that i read those who are probably my favorite of the series types so far i think they are also probably the later ones as well which you know potentially makes sense i also know that all these recently finished work on a new one and there might be a 6th one that i have not got yet as well so i might wait till that that new one comes out and then we will do it we will do an update we will do a 3rd video on this series here we have another one of the great names as well so there is space station risborough so the planet lauria is where the actual game is held and space station risborough i believe orbits that planet in a house the medical bay and all that stuff and basically people get shot by the lasers in this game and then they are like airlifted out by drones and taken to the medi bay because they are paralyzed once they are hit only temporarily so that is good but space station risborough is presumably named after princess risborough which is about 10 15 miles from here i like this little observation as well so basically because this is an actual planet that it is take taking place on the planet you get you get explain this as part of the you know the backstory of the book but the planet was kind of colonized and then abandoned so there is like lots of abandoned buildings that which is perfect for you to have this game of lauria you know so it says here as i wanted to be in the thick of the action not playing babysitter but knew that fit would be useless on his own he picked up the alien and run to the hole that broncs rocket had cause it had opened up a small series of offices filled with mechanical equipment and motivational posters one showcasing a cat dangling precariously from a piece of wire tolds la hang on in there part of him wanted to shoot it i like this bit as well so sandblasters facing off against his sort of nemesis for this book and the the bit that you need to know going this is that the company that runs it all is called out for sports so this is this enemy he goes well let us let us read this bit here we go you know your problem bronk bronk just shook with rage he was snorting hard now swinging his limp limbs around with such ferocity that should they connect they would still probably knock you out clean i am going to break you sam blaster exactly that is your problem you are so caught up in getting revenge you lost sight of the game itself i mean what did you think this was vengeance island at that moment alpha sports went into copywriting the term vengeance island and plan to have its 1st season premiere next month so there is there some great commentary on like corporate culture in this as well 0 there is a there is a typo in this that did make me chuckle of it it says you would not you could not fault them for ceasing the moment instead of seizing the moment but again i mean it is an indie book you have got to cut it some slack you know here we have a start one of the chapters as well so as the alpha sports recovery center hold toward the dusty ground of sector f kirk sandblaster and his re and comrades la could only watch a certain doom looked at them straight on now dean can come in all flavors of course but this was an impressive level of doom you can get mild doom or even a spot of heavy doom but certain doom that was very dooming and then we have a reference to montague santiago as well and the university of man of the year competition which i am not sure whether that is already happened by this point because again i read them out of order but there is a there is a book about that so i think it goes yeah the space adventures of kirk soundblaster space adventurer coke sound blaster in the ice pirates of la koch sound blaster plays the game of lauria kirk soundblaster faces tetra gedan and then kirk son kirk sound blaster vs montague since santiago is number 5 i think so there is a nice a little bit for shadow in there all in all i give this a pretty solid 4 if not a 4.25 out of 5 and yeah i enjoyed both of these i have enjoyed all of the books so far some of them are better than others be get that in a series and cuz of like if you look at them they are not particularly massive books so you can kind of binge on them pretty easily as well as i did i have read there 5 of them in 2 months now i believe and i look forward to reading some more and yeah i have read some of ollie jacobs his other stuff as well and were just yeah he is a good guy and a good author so i would recommend it so we have it that is it for this month is edition of hardin danes indy read along i am not quite sure what i will be reading in the month of february yet but it is chances are it is probably going to be strange dat no sorries chances are it is going to be west richardson street by saqib deshmukh who is another high wycombe author that is why i was thinking strange days in high wycombe which is not olly jacobs but yeah i will probably read that and maybe some duncan ralston as well who i have read before who writes some horror but as always feel free to join us all you really have to do to take part is read an indie book each month or more if you would like to and i check out todd the librarian as well shout out to time for books who has joined us i think every month since we started in his zag probably doing a better job at this point than either me or todd ah she should be the 3rd host really well yeah it is what it is so on that note thanks as always for watching do not forget to hit that like button if you have enjoyed this video and let me know in the comments if you are going to be checking out the kirk soundblaster books or indeed any of olly jacobs his stuff or anything by an indie author hit subscribe for more and i will see you soon for another bookish video thanks a lot bye bye you	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1sXlk9bqkW8
7,706.610062	[Music] he [Music] for [Music] for [Music] he [Music] hey in this nitty-gritty Basics let's play live stream we're going to be playing American majan using the national Maj on League card at I love Mage the nitty-gritty Basics demonstrations are all done at I love MJ because they have a wonderful exercise room we'll be using Charleston decision making probably next week because today's topic is on high-risk sabotage and that's going to require watching what the robots are doing at the table so we're going to be reactive today highrisk sabotage that is the topic for today it's a little bit more advanced than I usually share so you'll have to let me know if you're a beginner if you find this overwhelming and if it is just pick and choose one or two to tactics to help you begin thinking strategically on how you can block your opponents from hand development while you still develop your own hand and decide if you're going to play to win or fold please write your comments in the chat as we go and if you're watching the repost first thank you for that and then also write your comments below the video and I'll be happy to answer any questions you might have you can also join us on Facebook if you use social media because we do talk through a lot of strategies and rules on Facebook you can find links in the video description below I want to say thank you again for watching my videos channel members thank you so much for supporting MJ life and moderators thank you for being here to help moderate the chat today's format is nitty-gritty so no socialization if you like gameplay with social socialization and shenanigans join us on Fridays starting at 6 PM eastern time all right let's get started I'm gonna share my screen oh I've already got it let's see here right here there we go highrisk sabotage can you hear me okay somebody give me a a go in chat to let me know that you can hear me I can do a quick test also hold on y okay I got my hi Mona all right great here we go hi your sabotage buckle up when you're playing this game the object of the game of course is to complete a winning hand secondarily you want to not lose you don't want to throw a winning tile and you want to try to keep your opponents from developing their hand and that's what high-risk sabotage is all about the highrisk part is when you sense that your opponents are getting close to a winning hand and we're going to talk about how you can tell the first step is you need to be aware of red flags the next step is you're going to assess your position then observe tells next choose tactics and then lastly you're going to take action so we're going to step through these and then we'll do demonstrations at I love maage with robots awesome Sandra thank you okay so beware of red flags what are the red flags during the Charleston one red flag is if an opponent is passing blind that can be an indicator that they have a well-developed hand so they don't have enough tiles to pass they don't want to give away a keeper now keep in mind here that they could be in between categories or in between hands that could also indicate that particular situation but you want to think about the worst case scenario and plan for that so if someone is passing blind the best way to interpret that if you if you know them especially eventually you'll be able to determine whether they're in between or if they know what they're playing and sometimes a tell for this is their speed in passing their their physical action so if somebody for example after receiving a pass they quickly take two tiles and then take one tile to supplement that pass there's like no delay to me that would be an indicator that they probably have a well-developed hand now if they delay and they're thinking about what to do and then they pass maybe two and supplement if there's a delay there that could be an indicator that they're in between so think about speed with their action s passing blind that's one red flag the next would be stopping the Charleston this is a big red flag and typically when experienced players stop the Charleston they have a well-developed hand very rarely will an experienced player stop the Charleston if they're in [Music] between there's a disclaimer here though because there are some experienced players who stop the Charleston as a tactic they do that consistently and when that occurs they are harming their own hand development potentially as well as the hand development of their opponents so so even though they can slow the hand development for their opponents they're doing the same thing to themselves because they're denying themselves the opportunity to potentially improve their dealt hand further with 12 more tiles up to 12 because after this first left you're going to pass left across right in that last right you can pass blind and in the optional cross you negotiate with your opponent across from you up to three tiles many times when someone stops the Charleston the opponent sitting opposite will not pass tiles to that player because they need they assume that the player has a well-developed hand that's why I say up to 12 some people might think well really isn't it nine no not necessarily because some opponents will exchange tiles it's best not to though because they could be near a a ready hand so consider that the next flag is that in the optional across they negotiate low so here's an example I'm sitting across from you and I pass one blind in the first left that's the first red flag then I think a moment and I say I want to stop the Charleston that's the second red flag then I pause and I am reactive I wait for my opponent to offer a pass and if they don't offer which I expect that they won't but if they don't then I might say would you like any tiles I don't say how many I want yet I just say would you like any tiles and they're going to decline or they're going to negotiate so if they say sure I'll take three and then I might say how about two so that would be a low negotiation if I say one say no thank you really if I say even two or three say no thank you because the likelihood is that I have a well-developed hand so these are the Red Flags during the Charleston opponents passing blind opponents stopping the Charleston and OPP uh opponents negotiating low three red flags if any of these occur you need to be mindful of that going into the next phase of the game and that's what we're going to talk about next in the play the play is after East discards that first tile so East discards and now we're going to be playing so here are the red flags that occur in this phase of the game any post exposure discard I need to add one to this is an early exposure if somebody makes an exposure when the short wall is in play that would be the second wall that is a red flag because they're willing to risk giving away information and also many times that first exposure could have Joker so they're going to risk losing a joker in an early exposure so an early exposure and then post exposure discards you want to watch the relationship to their exposure so like if I let's say someone discards a seven bam and I call it and I expose a Kong with a joker of seven bams and then I discard a six bam you can assume that I'm either playing maybe a executive runand in mix suits or big odds so it will help you identify what category they're playing or maybe the pattern of their hand and you're going to continue to watch their discards so an early exposure is the first red flag then the postexposure discard is another red flag and incidentally these will continue through the game next an opponent making more than one exposure the more exposures someone has the easier it is going to be to identify their category and their hand eventually because you're going to watch those exposures and by process of elimination figure out what category they're playing and then maybe even what hand they're playing if you know the card well lastly if opponents start discarding Jokers that's another big red flag typically that is going to mean that they're either playing a Joker's hand or they could be waiting on a single tile or maybe they're waiting to complete a pair so you should have heightened awareness and defense with that last bullet for sure that last Red Flag if anyone discards a joker so what do you do with all of that you're going to assess your position your position in the game is going to be based on the hand development after the Charleston so after the charlest after you've received all your passes and you have hopefully improved your dealt hand you're going to assess your position and you're going to do that by counting your discards so whatever category you're playing at this stage of the game probably you may not have picked a hand yet maybe you have if you have just count your discards if you have more than four discards at at the begin game when East discards their first tile or during that second wall the short wall you are likely an underdog in the game you're probably trailing behind the pack take a lowrisk approach until you have a hand with no gaps and few weaknesses and we're going to look at some examples of this so this would be the underdog position low risk you're going to take low low risk and depending on how things go with your opponents and what they reveal you can either increase your control of risk or you can pull back and take more risks depending on what happens at the table if you have four discards you're likely a contender for that game this means you can take a moderate risk approach and expedite your hand development and that would mean claiming discards and making exposures to help quicker Quicken hand development expedite hand development by using discards keep in mind that every exposure you make is going to reveal information just like your opponents so for discards you're likely a contender if if you have less than four you're likely a front runner for that hand regardless of risk expedite hand development so for example let's say you're in that begin game and someone discards a joker and you can make an exposure with a Kong someone discards a tile and you can make an exposure with Jokers let's say you want to U make an exposure with Kongs and a couple of jokers it's okay to risk that because you're a front runner with only four discards after that exposure you discard and now you have only three and the game is still in that first short wall so being a front runner means that you can take more risks let's look at some examples so here up in the right corner you see the short wall that's a bird's eye view of a table short wall in that upper right corner and this is the hand after the Charleston we have odds odds the first odd hand in one suit and we could maybe even play 5 S N in one suit if we maybe get a Red Dragon for example so let's just say the first odd hand in one suit and we would have four discards really five because we have an extra extra nine crack so because there are five we're an underdog so we want to take a low-risk approach if this were our hand the weakness for this hand right now is the one crack we need a pair for that and we have only one that would be an example of a weakness another weakness is the five crack because for this hand that needs to be a Kong we have two but we can't call anything so that would be example of another weakness so this particular hand even though there are no gaps there are two weaknesses until we get another one crack or maybe draw a five crack or a joker and then we can act on the three crack and pong Kong the five pong the seven and be ready to win maybe on that five or that one crack so kind of plan it through in your head briefly and and see see where the hand can go what might happen as you continue to develop but in this case because we have five discards we should assume that we're in that Underdog position and take a lowrisk approach all right next we're going to look at this example we have winds and Dragons number seven this would be the concealed hand the concealed hand we have news we have extra East because we only need singles there and then we have a Pung of sevens and an eight dot so in this case we have four discards so we would be a contender we could take a little bit of a higher risk here even though it's a concealed hand we've got our singles all we need to do is build we need tiles to help with the eight dot the North and that's it so so we could get Jokers maybe through picking or Joker exchanges so we would be a contender If This Were our hand four discards here's another example we have like numbers number two we have a couple of jokers and then we have three pairs of ones and Dragons we're missing one Dragon the white dragon and we have two discards two we would be a front runner here so we can take any level of risk and just play at will in this case this is a concealed hand maybe we could since we have two jokers we could Kong these ones and discard the flowers in which case that would put us back to a contender because with the dragons if we decide to play the exposable hand we would have four discards so that would be an example of taking this hand a different route to expedite hand development let's say for example someone puts up a pong of white dragons that's going to limit your ability to get that last dragon so you might switch to the exposable hand and that would that would basically mean the two dragons would become discards so your position is going to change depending on the decisions that you make and what happens at the table let's look at another example we have a consecutive run hand and the consecutive run hand for this one is the second hand down on the right one two in dots three four and cracks pong Kong pong Kong we have another pair on the left but we have four multiples that can be used for that second hand down so I would earmark the twos the two cracks as potential Joker bait which is another tactic that we may be able to demonstrate later when we play the game at I love M but here you would discard one of these twos in the middle of the game and maybe someone will make an exposure with a joker and then you can do a joker exchange with the other tile that's called Joker Bab and that particular tactic was coined by Tom sloper of sloperama so thank you Tom for that so in this particular case we have five discards however three of those discards are clear and the other two are Joker bait so we have the potential of getting a joker so the C the the categorization is a little bit different I would would say we have three discards with Joker bait and to me that would make us a front runner because if we do get that joker then we're just going to confirm that we're in we're advancing so we have three clear discards the two cracks we're going to hold on to a little bit and see maybe if we could get Jokers there so this would be an example of a front runner because we have Joker bait and that of course is going to depend on what happen S at the table if somebody in the begin game or even the early part of the middle game discards A two crack and nobody wants it well then it's going to become a discard and you're going to adjust your position accordingly you might put yourself back to being a a contender bump back if something happens with the potential for Joker bait just bump yourself back to Contender so that you're prepared to take the appropriate level of risk with as you develop your hand okay any questions about position Underdog more than four discards Contender four discards front runner less than four discards so the magic number there is four under four or I'm sorry over four would be an underdog four would be a contender less than four would be a front runner any questions I don't see any questions so we're going to keep going we're going to start talking about sabotage okay here we go you it's going to be really important for you to learn how to compartmentalize the game and using hop toys strategy by wall is a good way to do that so the strategy by wall originally was introduced to the community by Tom sloper and I've used that strategy myself and over time have added my own tactics to it which is why I call it strateg h hop toys strategy by wall so the Charleston is what I call the pregame this is before East discards the first tile the game doesn't officially begin until that point so the Charleston is a pregame hand development expediter that Charleston the whole purpose of the Charleston is to help you further develop your delt hand so that when the game begins with East discard and the game kind of slows down where you pick one tile at a time getting these these three tiles up to uh let's see three nine 10 times let's see I'm sorry seven passes so right across left left across right and then the optional across that's seven passes up to 21 tiles you're going to be able to further develop your hand to some degree hopefully so that's what happens during the pregame or the Charleston then we have the begin game which is the short wall second wall here you want to you know after the Charleston you're going to assess your position and then when East discards you're going to hopefully know at least what category you're playing and then if you can pick a hand by the end of the second wall if you can sometimes it's not possible that's okay just continue continue to gather and build the middle game is the third wall if you can try to be ready to win by the end of the third wall that's a good goal it's it's hard to do but it's good to set your sights there build with the end of Mind basically try to be ready to win by the end of the third wall if you can and then the end game which is the last wall actually here I just want to mention if you're not ready to win by that end of the third wall adjust your position and bump back so that you can focus on sabotage if you have four discards and you're at the end of the third wall or maybe you don't even know what hand you're playing yet make yourself an underdog and switch to sabotage basically fold your hand and discard safely and then maybe the next hand you'll have a better start and be ahead by this point for the next game live to fight another day basically so and I need to add the end game which is the fourth wall in that fourth wall that is where you really want to heighten defense and decide if you're going to play to win or fold and discard as safely as possible to keep your opponents from further developing their hand so now we're going to talk about how to observe tells this is kind of where the beginning of the sabotage because you've got to gather information it's going to require you to observe what is happening at the table not just what's happening in your own hand but what is happening at the table and if you don't already know a tell is a change in a player's behavior that can give Clues to that player's viability of their hand this comes from the poker world the same thing can be done in maang there are all kinds of tells well three kinds specifically that we're going to talk about it is a change in a player's behavior that gives you a clue on the viability of your opponent's hand the first type of tell is a verbal tell this is where their filter might slip they may say something about the game or maybe even their hand that gives information that you can use to your advantage for example somebody might be frustrated and say where are all the flowers they need flowers and they have none so you could take that to me they're either in the wall or maybe your other opponents have the flowers but also that you have time to build your hand because they're behind they have no flowers and they want them so they gave away information by verbalizing something about their hand that would be an example of verbal tells there's a whole other video lots of videos on tells I believe it's look for Intel Gathering I believe is the title of the videos on tells this I just want to cover very briefly because we're going to talk more about sabotage what to do with this information so the next two would be physical tells and that's where people Flinch it's kind of like a verbal tell only they're not speaking they're moving their body they're they're using their body or their their emotions are being expressed through their body whether it be maybe their they have their their chin in their in their hand or maybe they're covering their mouth or their forehead is in their hand like this I mean those can all be expressions of frustration boredom and you know maybe their hand is not progressing as they want it to those are all tells physical tells the way they use their body it could also be a flinch or a smirk so facial tails come in here as well and then there are tile tails the tile tails are the ones where they're manipulating their hand in some kind of way maybe they're shuffling their tiles quickly that could be an indicator that they're switching their hand if that's done in the middle game after someone makes an exposure well they're basically starting over with a hand or maybe they're switching from one hand to another or maybe even changing categories who knows but a lot of times after somebody makes an exposure somebody might need to change their hand and they the tell there would be probably tile Tails where they're shuffling their tiles another would be if people turn tiles that's another tile tail somebody discards something and then another player will turn a tile that usually is an indicator that they wanted that discard so the Tells are all behaviors exhibited by your opponents that can give you information to help you decide how to proceed with your own hand whether you're going to push or fold consider though that there are bluffs people can Bluff an example of a bluff would be in the middle game somebody picks a tile from the wall and they rack it and then they maybe pause a moment and they discard a natural tile a symbol tile and then someone discards and they maang and they have Jokers they could have thrown a joker but when you throw a joker that's enough another red that's a red flag just like we talked about earlier so as not to alert the table or spook the opponents they'll discard a natural tile because they have enough of them to cover that Gap and then they're still ready to win they just don't want people to think oh my gosh they discarded a joker they must be waiting on a pair or a single tile they must be ready to win or or they're playing a big hand a Paar hand so there is such a thing as Bluff so keep that in mind and people also can use tells as manipulation deception they could just do it even if it doesn't apply some people for example will decide to fold in the end end game let's say someone discards a tile and they have a pure exposure that they can make some people will make an exposure even though they've decided to fold just to sabotage someone else's hand but I disagree with that particular strategy it is something that people use but I I think it's a bad move because it gives away information some people use that though so keep that in mind people can manipulate the game but if you learn how to read tells especially if you play with the same people all the time you can gather some information that can give you an advantage at the table let's now talk about how you can use that and sabotage your opponents or block them from hand development this would be taking action or in action that will deliberately destroy disrupt or damage their potential to develop their hand so you're going to choose tactics I'm what to do one thing that you could do is destruction this would be a deliberate action that involves destroying their hand and this is going to require uh time it's got to be timely and mindful so for example let's say in the middle game somebody discards a three Dot and an opponent flinches and let's say you have a three dot in your hand that Flinch is a tell on your next turn if you don't need that three dot I would discard it that would be a deliberate action because you saw that tell the Flinch and you're thinking well they must have needed it and couldn't call it so now I'm going to let it go right away that is a deliberate act to sabotage their hand and it's timely because it was just discarded so instead of holding it discard it that would be an example of Destruction the next would be wastage wastage is a deliberate action that involves discarding a joker or discarding a symbol tile that you could have used in a joker exchange and usually these would be red flags at the table if someone discards a joker red flag and if someone also discards a tile that could have been used to do a joker exchange for one you don't want anyone to have a pure hand so you're wasting that opportunity to get the Joker so as not to give them a a pure hand but let's say you don't even need a joker so it doesn't matter to you now I just want to briefly say something about people discarding a tile that could be used in exchange for a joker never say anything about it don't bring it to anyone's attention oh you could have exchanged a joker for that don't do that because they could be doing it deliberately and it will highlight that action and it frustrate them because they may have used it as a tactic a wastage tactic so it draws attention to their playing style and that could cause some hurt feelings so don't comment on any tactic that's being used really you shouldn't talk about anything in a that has to do with the game and play whether it's your own hand your opponent's hand what someone discards what someone um maybe doesn't do this inaction where they could take a joker exchange don't comment on any of that talk about the weather talk about your grandkids what have you uh talk about what you're having for dinner tonight or don't talk at all and just play the game depending on the atmosphere or the the culture of your group of course so the point here is that you don't want to draw attention or give attention to the decisions that other people are making because it it could be intentional okay so wastage next we have inaction this is the deliberate inaction that prevents an opponent's hand development and typically this is going to happen if you decide to fold if you decide your hand is not going anywhere or maybe you're blocked because you needed a pair it's late in the game end of the third wall and you need a pear tile and someone just made a pure Kong or a pure pong and there's no way for you to get a joker and there's not enough time for you to pick another hand this is where you may want to fold and start discarding safe tiles the inaction would be that you are not going to be discarding tiles that could potentially help an opponent develop their hand so that would be holding tiles you think they need and it would also be using tiles you think they will need if you decide to play to win you could maybe have time or the flexibility to switch your hand and use tiles that you think they could need instead of discarding them for example I've played a hand where I had a I picked a flower from the wall in the end of the third wall and I have jokers in my hand and I could switch to a hand that uses flowers with those Jokers instead of discarding a flower in the late game I'm going to change my hand to use the flower that would be an inaction because I'm not going to be discarding that flower instead I'm going to use it myself which is kind of the other side of the coin and that the action I'm taking is to repurpose or reset my hand and use that flower myself instead of discarding it and potentially giving somebody a winning hand or maybe an opportunity to call it and make an exposure and develop their hand further so we have destruction wastage and inaction those are the three tactics that you can use to sabotage your opponent's hand all right any questions we're getting ready to look at one more consideration and that's risk okay here we go risk when you are at the end of the third wall you're going to assess your potential to win and the way that you're going to do that is look at your weaknesses or if you have any gaps or weaknesses a gap would be let's say you're playing 369 and you have no threes I would fold let's say that you need you're playing a hand with four pair a concealed hand like maybe the consecutive concealed hand that needs four pair and you have two singles that need to become pairs that would be two weaknesses you might consider folding especially if your tiles are out on the table as discards or maybe they're in an exposure or maybe you're you think your opponent has them so those are kind of some things you want to think about when you assess your position at the end game right at that third wall or I'm sorry the end of the third wall going into the fourth wall in that end game you want to try to assess where you are in relation to your opponents because if your opponents are further ahead than you you might consider folding and just play defense so that you can block them from winning and then play another game where you might have a better opportunity for quicker hand development so here's how you can decide pick by pick what to do on the left we have the likelihood of a discard being risky you have some that could be improbable let's say for example I draw a two crack and there are three out that have been discarded that would be an improbable tile that could give somebody a winning hand the risk is unlikely if three are out if you can account for three tiles whether they be discards or maybe one is in an exposure and two are discards that two crack would be would have improbable risk the next would be possible risk and this would be fewer discards are out let's say only two are visible that's going to increase the risk level of that particular tile and if only one is out or none are out well then that's going to be a probable tile that could either help someone develop their hand or win so think about the likelihood of that newly picked tile if you don't need it yourself what's going to happen when you discard would be the impact that it's going to create there are levels of impact the first is an acceptable level of impact and that might apply if somebody has no exposures you have no idea what they're playing or maybe they're playing a low a low Point hand and you're okay with paying 50 cents for a hand let's say so that might be an acceptable impact if you pick a time that is risky next we have a tolerable impact maybe someone has one exposure you still don't know what they're playing or maybe you based on discards can figure out that they're playing a higher Point hand it's not it's going to have a higher impact than an acceptable discard an acceptable situation because you're going to end up having to pay higher if if they have happen to be playing a more valuable hand then there's an unacceptable impact where somebody has two exposures and you have a tile that you pick from the wall with someone having two exposures you can figure out what hand they're playing by process of elimination looking at the discards and other exposures that are out you can figure out what that person is playing and incidentally all this is probably more on the advanced beginner side or if you're on a spectrum from beginner to Advanced it's kind of edging into the middle where your Advanced beginner or maybe intermediate so some of this might be a little too advanced for you if so then just let this go until later and then incorporate these things as you gain confidence with the game so the final impact would be intolerable this would be if somebody has three exposures if you draw a tile that is has probable risk you do not want to discard that tile you're going to fold so you're going to think about these things what what is the likelihood that my discard is going to give someone the ability to expedite hand development or potentially win and what is going to be the impact of that win and it's going to be acceptable to intolerable based on the number of exposures so with that on the acceptable side improbable and possible have low impact probable if you have a tile that maybe only has one discard out that's going to have a medium impact so you want to think about that next we have tolerable and this increases as you can see we have medium impact and a high impact if you if you if someone has one exposure and you draw a tile where there's only one out that's going to have a high impact if someone has two exposures or maybe they're playing a quint a high value hand the impact is going to be higher and even if you have a an improbable tile like a a let's say that two crack and there's two out that's going to have a medium impact with somebody who has two exposures or maybe an exposure with a quint if you think they can use that tile you might fold and then if it is a possible winning tile or a probable winning tile it's going to have a high impact you might get criticism from your opponents if you discard a possible or probable winning tile for someone who has two exposures that's a high impact and then finally we have high and extreme if someone has three exposures and you discard a probable winning tile that's going to bring some reaction from your opponents who are going to have to end up paying for that hand so train yourself to be observant watch for tells try to figure out what your opponents are playing if you can if it's a little too advanced for you that's okay table this for a while and then as you gain confidence come back to these videos and learn how to to read the table it will give you an advantage at the table even if you're a beginner and you use these Concepts when there are high-risk situations at the table like somebody having two exposures or three exposures you'll know to probably downgrade your position and fold and discard safely and do it confidently that's the goal all right I'm going to to stop sharing now because we're going to play at I love M let me know what you think about that I may move that to the nitty-gritty prime time because I think it's pretty advanced intermediate maybe which is why I initially put it here in this session but it may be too advanced so if I can add a another basic strategy or skill I'll probably replace it and put that in the prime time so let me know your thoughts on that if you're a beginner let me know if that is just too much if it's just too Advanced too overwhelming to think about those things let me know I welcome the input and then I'll make adjustments based on the response okay so I'm GNA go to this layout and we're gonna play maang we're just going to go straight to playing with robots so that we can monitor their exposures and try to look for their discards it's going to be very challenging to do at I love M because they they don't do random discards they line the discards in rows so it's very difficult or impossible I should say to remember who discarded what with that kind of a layout so the only thing we're going to be able to do is Monitor exposures we and post exposure dis post exposure discards that we can watch for as well so we're going to remember the red flags I'll try to speak to them or Point them out as they occur and then we're going to focus on our own hand development and try to demonstrate high-risk sabotage against robots so we're going to launch a game and play with robots so get started here okay and also the other thing we're going to talk about as we go is position so I'll be able to demonstrate how to assess your position after the Charleston and then as the game progresses so that we know the level of risk we can take when playing the game so in this particular delt hand it's going to be challenging because we have no multiples we have a widespread West one 2 689 in bams 2359 in cracks 2 four five6 in dots I would choose the predominant pattern and see what we have left over so if if these were my tiles I would play either two through six 2 three four five 3 four five6 something like that or I would play evens so let's just pull off the e first to see if there's any particular pattern that shows up so there's 2468 we have seven tiles towards 2468 and we have 18 32s 2 sixes we have two fives over here so because we have only one eight I think I would instead play consecutive run we have more tiles that we can use with consecutive run than we do with 2468 and it's much more efficient because you can go up or down in a sequence then with 2 468 you skip a number so you need specific tiles limited tiles so I think we should play consecutive Run 2 three four five 3 four5 5 six and let's just start there and see what happens we could even maybe do 1 2 3 4 but I'm thinking 2 three 4 five or 3 four5 six primarily because we have two fives and two sixes so that kind of pushes us up into higher numbers rather than going low with a one even though we do have 1 two 3 4 in here okay so we have three tiles we can p pass without having to let any of those tiles go so what we're looking for is three clear discards to pass and we have them right there it's a little bit risky because we have a 89 in mixed suits so it's not as bad is if we had like an eight crack with a nine crack this is not too awful bad but there is some risk there and that's okay there's going to be risk in every pass so now what we're going to be keeping an eye open for is a multiple because that's going to be the trigger for us to Target the multiple because American maang is a game of multiples PE pong Kong all over the card there's not a hand without them there's no hand with just singles even in the singles and pairs hands there are pairs so you want to leverage that strength multiples PA punong Kong so if one develops we're going to reassess we have a a multiple right here three crack so we completely now reassess we have a three crack pair so that's where I would start three crack pair with a three crack I see that we could maybe play a 369 hand let's just look quickly at 369 there are five tiles that we could use for three 69 but we also have one through five far more so I would give up the big numbers the sixes will go maybe even the red dragon because we won't be able to use that red dragon unless we get flowers and we have no flowers we have a gap and therefore that red dragon even though it's pretty it corresponds with cracks which we have 125 right there but without flowers that red dragon is useless so we're going to discard it and we're left here with one through five targeting three the three crack is the new strength and we have four discards so we stop the analysis just stop right there because we have three clear discards the red dragon a six Dot and a nine bam so we can pass it's a little bit risky but every pass has some level of risk you want to focus on developing your own hand first and then do the best you can with what you have left over and the sixes and the nine red dragon that's what we have left over so that would be the safest we could make it okay now we have a one bam paired up anytime you develop another multiple reassess we we did pick up a three dot so we have a three crack pair and a one bam pair hopefully we'll be able to use a one two three of some kind we have two clear discards so now we have all Keepers remaining after letting the six and the eight go so we need to let something go here with a one bam and the three crack one two three 4 I'm thinking 1 three five we could maybe try for little odds but we have no flowers and if we were to use a little odd hand let's say the Five Dot 135 MC suit Kongs with a pair of flowers that would be the third hand down we have no flowers so I wouldn't even think about playing that hand so the five dot might be a good discard we may not be able to use the one or we may not be able to use the three we have in here one two one two six hand down under consecutive run we could also do uh one two three four if we get a four crack so with one two one two or one two three 4 you know what if we get a white dragon we could maybe even play a year hand so I'd probably keep all the twos and threes so probably I would card Let's see we do have a hand in here by the way 1 two 3 4 or no no 2 three four five so it would be two three crack four five in dots so at the moment we probably should pick a hand I think what I would do here since we could do two three four five pong Kong pong Kong with cracks and dots I think I would let the five crack go we still have options with one two one2 we still could maybe do a yearand if we get a white dragon we could still do one two three four if we get a four crack so there's still a lot of potential here by giving up that five crack so let's let that go we did not get any keepers which means we can just stop the analysis and keep going so we're going to continue this r Dragon not helpful without flowers and we have no flowers so we're not keeping it we're going to pass all right we have a new multiple two new multiples two crack three crack four. five 2 three four five punung Kong Pung Kong no gaps three multiples so that's what I would probably focus on maybe the one band can be Joker bait later we have enough discards to think about that so let's pass Five crack with let's say a two Dot and a three dot we have two three crack four five dot second hand down on the right no Keepers let's pass south nine with a one let's see here 1 two 3 4 actually let's keep that one if we get a five bam we might be able to play that fourth hand down single pair pong one two 3 four. five bam so let's discard this two Dot and that is a great pass right there a wind a big number in one suit and a little number in a second suit this is the best kind of pass you can do we got a five crack back and two wins and we can pass fully here in the optional so let's pass the South the five and the Seven okay we did not get any keepers this is now where you want to a assess your position we have a hand with no gaps we have a weakness though two weaknesses actually because the three crack and the Five Dot need to be Kongs we have a pair of threes and a single five so those would be weaknesses no gaps but we do have weaknesses if we played one two three four. five bam that would have a gap we would need a five bam if we decided to play that hand I would still keep the one crack we have a pair we don't need we might be able to use this to help us get a joker maybe and we have four discards so we have four discards with Joker bait a hand with no gaps and a potential hand with a gap again we have weaknesses so I would say that we're probably um I would say we're an underdog on this one because even with Joker bait we don't know yet if that's going to be useful until we start seeing the discards so I'd say we're probably in an underdog which means we need to take a lowrisk approach we don't need wins at all so that's what we're going to start with for discarding okay so nobody wants the red dragon it went around in the Charleston that'll be a good discard if I'm not playing wins those go first and then the dragons and then the year tiles that's the the the um I call it a triage that's the order in which I discard winds if you're not using them then dragons and then year tiles and the reason is that winds and Dragons since they're in fewer hands are less likely going to be an exposures with Jokers and I want to optimize my potential to get Jokers because they're going to help me build my or develop my hand so the three dot would be an example of a year tile year tiles are predominant this year two 2023 there's two twos in there and and they the 2023 is also in the biggest hand on the card and I want to try to sabotage that hand I don't want to pay 75 cents or 75 points to somebody or even discard into that and pay double I don't want to do that so that's why I include year tiles as my first discards if I'm not using them clearly if I'm going to use it I'll keep it like for example we might be able to do one two crack three four dot so let's keep the the three dot so we're going to ignore this red dragon we don't we don't need that no flower flower oh there's a Kong up there Kong of flowers that's a good thing to notice and incidentally that would be a red flag that robot that person let's call him Joe his name is Joe Curtis excuse me they made an early dis an early exposure a pure Kong of flowers so they're committing early they're either RI taking a big risk in a Kong of flowers because that's going to limit their hands they could play or they have a well-developed hand which could also be the case so that would be a red flag that's an example of a red flag so we need to try to watch what Kurt Joe is discarding to see if we can figure out which hand that uses four flowers could they be playing there are several on the card you can look and and see yourself the hands with four flowers on it okay or in it all right here's a white dragon we're GNA pass of course we got a nine dot but we want to let the wind go okay five bam that would be a keeper if we were to play the fourth hand down but there's nothing we can do about that and probably I would take that hand off the option list okay pair of red dragon nobody wanted the red dragon so you might think oh Joker B no that has no power because a red dragon was discarded plus it went around during the Charleston just because you have an unwanted pair doesn't make it Joker bait it has no power in this case because nobody wants the red dragon okay we don't need big numbers okay so we have we've had one two three discards so we're still in the begin game to the right West Expo made an exposure that's another red flag so we have two robots who have made exposures in the begin game red flags which further solidifies that we are likely an underdog so we need to continue with a lowrisk approach for this hand okay so we'll let the red dragon go now this six crack would probably be a good discard because of what this player on the right has so probably I would discard that next okay now that would be potentially one of our tiles we're not going to be able to call it so one of our tiles is out okay we have a six crack that we can let go of this nine dot might be able to give us an opportunity for a joker exchange either the one or the nine we'll see we're at 78 tiles remaining Joker bait typically is ideal the timing for Joker bait ideally is in the middle of the game 60 tiles remaining so we have a few picks before they kind of need to simmer a little bit we got to give our opponents time to gather tiles so they can call that's how Joker bait works also consider that nine crack has been discarded that would be like numbers around potential Joker bait and there's no interest so that kind of weakens that particular Joker bait also we now have a pong of one bams that also weakens Joker bait because what that means is that our opponents if they have a one they and they don't have enough Jokers to call to make an exposure that's not going to give us that opportunity for a joker exchange so in this case even though it's a pong we have stronger potential with 2 three four so we're going to let that one bam go right now and let's just see what happens with it there's no interest whatsoever so I would discard those next all right so we we the the four is in our range but we're not interested in bams we're working with cracks and dots it seems that nobody wants nines but the nine dot we don't know yet about that because our opponent on the right for example Wes they could be playing big odds maybe they want the nine dot we don't know yet okay so let's hold the seven and let the one go there's a seven bam out also so that'll probably be a good discard okay now that for us would probably be a Kong and we're not ready so we have to let it go although it could be a pong if we played the fourth hand down single pair pong one two three crack four. Kong five bam Kong but we have no five bam that's a gap n one is out so I would not consider calling that at all because that is a huge weakness okay here we have a keeper three dot one two crack 34 dot let's let the one bamboo okay we don't need that that would be our tile but we're not ready for it okay so let's see the seven bam is already out we're going to let that go okay so the player on our left AGA has not had any exposures yet that could also be a red flag by the way they could be playing a pair hand they could be playing a concealed hand which means that hand value is going to go up so there's risk there they could also not be ready which is kind of where we're at okay we don't want wins it looks like nobody wants wins so those should always be safe discards for now for this hand okay 8. 6.9 okay we're at 56 tiles remaining let's let the nine. go and see if we can get a joker exchange opportunity no so we'll let that go next that would be a miss that is a missed a joker bait Miss okay let's let the nine go here's two 2 three 4 One Two Three we're still just going to gather and watch observe so we have a p a Kong of flowers and a flower discarded so five are out now nine dot nobody wanted we're at 48 tiles the six Dot and the eight dot those are those have not been discarded yet we clearly don't need them so I think we should discard them there we go there's a pure Kong over there I would discard let's see so they're doing they have a seven crack 8 dot s crack pong so they're playing let's see here 7878 7 crack8 crack punong Kong 7.8 do punong Kong they're playing punong Kong punong Kong second hand down in two suit oh no no sixth hand down so we're going to still let the six Dot and nine dot go next so they're playing 78 78 on the right so that's six flower out nobody wants nine dot Green Dragon dragons typically I let go of early because they gain risk as the game progresses so I'm going to let that that green dragon go first seems like nobody wants dragons Okay now here's Joker's up for grabs that is another red flag they're risking two jokers in an exposure just before the end game that is an a an assertive maneuver basically so that is a red flag and we need to probably switch to defense we need to fold and play defensively our goal when when we fold is to SA sabotage we want to discard as safely as possible to try to keep our opponents from developing their hand since they have a Kong of sixes we're now going to hold that six dot because they could be playing like numbers with sixes four flowers like numbers with sixes firsthand under that is probably what they're doing I mean it could be they could be playing a 369 hand or they could be playing something consecutive so I probably would not discard that Five Dot either because they could be doing four five six MC soup Kongs all right well let's discard this or let's let this go we're we're folding we've got two players with two exposures each and we we have a hand in here 2 three four five or one two three four but it has weaknesses let's get a joker and we know nobody wants nine dot because it's two are out so our our super risky tile right now is that six dot if it if it is discarded and our opponent Joe doesn't take it then we can discard it and play to win so right now we're probably gonna be folding we're going to play a fold most likely but if someone discards the six Dot and Joe doesn't take it we might be able to discard it and then play to win especially now that we have a joker okay now here I was thinking that nobody wanted winds and there's a South it's the East and wests that are out no Norths are out and there's a South out so AGA is playing a wind hand and they have an exposure almost in the end game we're at the last pick of the third wall and they made an exp exposure which means they're playing to win if anybody at this stage of the game end of the third wall going into the fourth wall if anybody makes an exposure assume that they're playing to win so we have three players playing to win and we have weakness so we should fold all right now we have a one crack so we have one two three four it looks like nobody wants the two dot with a Pung of souths this should be safe even though it's oh yeah here it is right there there are two out we might be able to throw the three crack too so we have one two three four the Five Dot was thrown we might be able to unfold and play to win because we have this Joker we could Pung the one crack and the three Dot we could Kong the two or the four but not both so what we want to see here is someone we want someone to discard a six dot because that is going to be risky we are officially in the end game 40 tiles remaining that's risky okay we got a four crack let's see none are out five dot let's throw that okay there's four crack so now if no one takes it we'll throw it so that that'll be a safe discard for us that is going to be very risky now seven dot the player on our right 7878 they want that tile flowers it appears nobody wants we have 27 tiles remaining Joker oh my goodness this hand really turned on a dime because now we have potential to win but we have two risky tiles this player across from us I think they're playing like numbers with sixes how many six bams are out let's see here one no six dots are out and one six bam is out north and south to the left they could they're probably playing North and South with a run maybe they're playing 456 let's see what happens here let's let's call and just see what happens I'm still hoping someone will discard a six or a seven okay let's Pung all right now oh I want to play to win of course I do 1 two 3 4 six dot okay now this is where you think about that risk Matrix there are no six dots out and there are no seven dots out this is going to be a we have two exposures so this is going to be a to uh intolerable impact I should not have made that exposure we should fold we're folding I do not want to throw those tiles if you know if you have risky tiles that are going to have an intolerable impact and they are a probable keeper for your opponent fold I should not have made these exposures but I wanted to win so I did it no regrets though we're just going to fold at this point okay 8 bam 8 bam well let's throw the one we know nobody wanted that okay here look six dot they want it so now we can let it go okay we still have a risky tile so I don't regret folding all right that would have given them a win all right so we did not discard the winning time tile so I'd say we did good even though we didn't win all right let's play again all right what do we have another widespread so we look for the predominant pattern we have Northwest South white dragon two bam three crack some year potential in there we also have 6789 there's some 2468 in here but it's really really light I think what I would do is focus on probably winds or maybe a yearand and I would let probably we have like numbers with sixes 65 eight let's let the seven oh that's really risky let's let the let's see here let's let a six dot go actually let's let the six crack go all right we'll start here let's see what happens okay WIS we're going to probably play wins so there's news so let's pass one of each suit 4 five8 oh we got a two that that could be useful let's do 579 maybe the six would be better in there at least there's an even tile in there it's going to be probably six one half dozen the other okay no no Keepers this time we're gonna keep going so let's do 457 let's see here we have news three I'm thinking news concealed here's North and a two okay I'm thinking news concealed we have a one or a three that we can use with the two that's going to mean we we're going to pass a white dragon this is a little bit risky but we have a hand with no gaps and we have our singles okay so let's pass two n and then let's see here it's kind of 6 one half dozen the other really let's let the one go okay we have an option with the three bam there's an East there's an option to play maybe the firsthand I think what I would do here is pass two we're kind of in between the first hand and the concealed hand okay two three with news probably there goes our tile right away we're playing concealed oh what where what is our position we are Let's see we have let's put these number tiles to the left so we can just differentiate them a little bit we have an option with our three we have a a news with no gaps we have an extra East so I would say we have three clear discard cards with an option so I would say we're probably a contender for this hand and again we're playing the concealed news hand there's a joker and by the way begin game red flag oh Tu B we passed that and somebody kept it we'll get rid of it another early exposure so they're playing 4567 pong Kong pong Kong 4567 pun Kong pun Kong second hand down on the right two exposures red flag okay six crack nine crack let's throw nine crack we're good there we can let the seven go they're playing bams and dots over there we don't know yet what the other two are doing we can take a Joker thank you okay now here's another exposure now we're this is one one two I'm counting blocks of four one two three four discards or four rounds of picks so we're still in the begin game the first five picks typically are going to be the that second wall so AGA made an early exposure that's a red flag so we have two robots with probable well-developed hands ours is will develop too we have two discard or three this East needs to go we have three discards I would say we're we could be a front runner with one good pick I'd still say we're a contender because we're playing a concealed hand we have to draw really well okay for bam my guess is they're not ready to win this early so I'm going to risk it so I took the risk because because we're a contender we can take greater risk if we were an underdog I might try to find a way to use that for because this player across from us they needed that four um there's another one of our tiles being discarded right there now another one I would probably let that go now and focus on the three crack or focus on news pong Kong pong Kong or Kong pong pong Kong wait a minute it's either Kong pong pong Kong or pong Kong Kong pong okay two crack we really don't need that at all let's see a six crack is on the left we don't know what they're doing yet two three three let's throw the four okay nobody wants the three bam okay now we have we're in the middle game now third wall so that's not that big of a red flag once they have two exposures then it will increase so here we need to decide do we want to play an exposable hand or do we want to stay concealed and play that concealed hand if we expose I would probably play the pong Kong Kong pong and we would be able to act on the North and the South and then maybe the East if we want a chance a greater chance of winning we probably should call this and switch to an exposable hand because our our opponents all have exposures they're Expediting their hand development we can do the same so let's let's do it let's pong we're going to play the firsthand so we're going to now let the risky tiles go maybe maybe the two dot will give us some Joker exchange potential let's throw the two crack here let's call okay so now IGN we can call the East but we need help with West we don't need one crack at all it's out so in two more picks 60 tiles remaining that's when we're going to discard one of the uh this two dot maybe our opponent on the left agota maybe they're playing a some kind of a 2468 hand who knows I suppose probably not though with a Kong of sixes if so they would need pairs of twos we probably should let those go right now because of the K of sixes if you look at the evens if they're even in that category the twos are pairs for them with Kongs of sixes because the sixes with pongs of twos would be pongs third hand down so and a two won't go all the way up to a six unless they're playing the fourth hand down and again let's see 2 three four it would be a pair so we need to expedite the develop the discarding of these Tils we need to escalate them as discards so let's Let It Go okay it's already out we're good okay dragons we don't want to hold dragons three dot is out let's throw to let's see here we're at 53 tiles remaining 40 tiles remaining is the end game The Last wall so we're still in the middle game I think our riskiest tile right now we don't have one the threes are out nobody these players are not going to want to one and then the three dot is already out so these all these are probably safe okay now for crack that could be could be a keeper no okay we'll call we'll call okay now we need West nine bam I see one out okay one crack is out we're we're in the end game now 40 tiles remaining last wall oh we're gonna need a joker now we got it we got a joker I'd say we should play to win push we'll push there are two jokers up for grabs right now oh somebody got it we got close though one away all right so five six seven eight all right we're gonna go play another game we have two pair twos and eights so we should play either 2 46 8 or 789 of some kind we actually have a hand in here already 7899 7899 second hand from the bottom because we have no fours or sixes that two dot is not going to be helpful we have like numbers with fives I think what we should do is let the green dragon go with a two and one of the five I don't want to get stuck with a pair we have a hand with no gaps thanks for coming Karen okay so now let's keep the eights that's in our range 789 and let's break break up the two we'll give it to somebody else so two five ah let's well no let's do that because we don't want to do a two four and one suit either okay we got a keeper the nine crack let's throw North Green with a four we got an eight so we have eight n in here and we have like numbers with twos I would probably discard this eight crack and do 258 like that we have a eight bam pair we a pong we may not use both eights we got the two a two crack pair now I would not pass like numbers here I would let the eight bam go because we have a hand with no gaps we have 78 Paar pair Pung n Pung N 9 with flowers we need help with flowers but we have no gaps really the flowers would be the weakness we have a weakness too with a seven manam that needs to be a pair so we have two weaknesses okay we have tiles we can pass we could do 51 but I think it'd be better to break up the 23 because if we get Keepers I don't want to pass a two three in one suit we got we keep getting like numbers yikes okay now we're doing the optional West four with a one that's a pretty good pass we got the eight back so we'll keep it if we get a seven dot we could play 789 mixu Kongs fifth hand down on the right okay so it looks like let's see if someone discards oh we got a flower that's awesome we don't know yet if someone kept that two well someone did keep the two let's Let It Go okay I would not call that with a joker there are plenty of flowers left we're just going to wait I'd rather hold that joker for the nine dot we could Pung the nine crack and the nine Dot and the four the flower we can use a joker or maybe draw another flower for a pure Kong later I would not take that okay now three crack was just discarded we have a pair here somebody still might want a three crack and they're just not ready to call it cuz we're still in the begin game so let's just hold the three crack for a little bit and see what happens happens none of the robots are making early exposures at the moment which is interesting there's an early exposure with a joker red flag that is a red flag okay six S8 nine not not helpful really that's that really the six bam is not going to be helpful unless we play 6 seven8 flowers and let the nine crack go let's just wait and see how we draw we're good Let It Go so there are two flowers out we'll keep an eye on flowers we got a joker so let's let the three crack go all right good choice oh we don't want to hold on to this this is going to get more and more risky as the game goes on Wes may take it but that's okay I don't think they're ready to win this early so we're going to let it go now so they W ready to take it and my guess with two souths out is that they're playing East and West with a run let's let the 6 PM go we're looking for nines we got a nine band but that's out here we don't we don't need that there are two nine B out that's a pair for us we're going to ignore it we got a keeper all right so now if a if a one a flower goes down I would call at this point we have two discards we have an extra AP bam I would love to draw that seven bam that's a weakness right now it's our only weakness we have one weakness we'll call and P okay so they just got the West Joker so now they have another Joker three three crack nobody wants so we're looking for a flower and then we'll be ready to win on a 7 PM okay nobody wants one dot or three if a flower goes down will'll Kong I'm hoping we'll draw so they're doing 789 7 do or 6789 there are two6 dots out and there's a seven dot out that's our tile there's only one more oh no seven Dot three exposures this is a there's one out this would be an intolerable impact intolerable high risk we need a pair of sevens and there's only one more we fold we got the seven we play a win we got lucky we're ready to win now that weakness filled in so that bumped us up in position so we want a flower or a joker you know what hold the phone one two how many seven dots oh two two seven dots are out all right so their hand is still viable seemingly okay now that that was risky agota is playing to win exposure with a Joker in the end game that is a red flag it doesn't matter though because we maang all right so AGA on the left is ready to win on an eight crack to the right ready to win on a six dot across from us one away from ready with a six dot okay I hope that you're finding this helpful please let me know in the comment section below what you think about highrisk sabotage the red flags and position and let me know if that has helped you in any way rewatch this if it if it is a little overwhelming watch it again if it is overwhelming and it's still not making sense or it's just too overwhelming just wait until you've gained confidence with the game and then watch it later and we're going to do this repeatedly so when you're ready you'll be able to watch the videos and try to incorporate these Concepts in your playing style so here we have a pair of sixes so that is where we start yep I folded and unfolded because we we strengthened a weakness and although that discard was high risk it was a intolerable risk but we are ready to win with that weakness taken care of and we were on a multiple weight where we could have one on a flower which the robots were discarding flowers and we could have also have gotten a joker so I thought it was worth the risk and I took it um okay so now six Dot and we have 34 five we have a hand in here already 34 five in bams 67 crack so let's start there we have four five six let's throw the nine yeah in Maan you can unfold okay we have a eight eight crack pair so I would reassess here we have six Dot and an eight dot we have two clear discards so now we have to make a choice with a six Dot and an eight dot or eight crack 3 four five we have a hand with no gaps so that's what I would focus on 3 four five six 7 okay no Keepers 68 no I would not keep these okay still no Keepers Here's 2 three4 that can kind of give us an option if we happen to get a a five crack let's keep going okay no Keepers here seven bam 4.9 these really are not helpful this is a little bit risky 79 okay we have a Five Dot so we have three four five six no gaps three four so I'd let the two go here and pass fully all right we have a six bam four five I would just fold it all in here okay 3 four five6 and bams four five6 and dots 78 and cracks we have three through eight that's way too wide of a spread we have one multiple the six dot I'd say we're an underdog on this game we're going to play some kind of a consecutive hand I would say probably the eight crack is our clear discard at the moment now we have a pair of flowers I would play a hand with flowers for sure so I think with a six dot pair and what we have remaining I would say mixit Kongs or four five6 here's four five six one suit Kongs or we could do five bam six dot seven crown mxit Kongs so three discards and two hands potentially okay wow four flowers out yikes okay now we have four five six we H we let's see 5 six7 we do have another hand in here now second hand from the bottom flowers 5. 6.77 four flowers are out we got a joker let's see here I'm thinking we should do four five or five 677 CU we can we can call a discard for the flower we can call for both sevens leaving us ready to win on a five I would play to win and I would say we're probably a front runner at this point our hand is is set we are going to be probably exposing Jokers which is a bit risky okay now nobody has exposures that is a bit of a red flag let's hope that they're still working on Gathering there's an exposure with a joker that was quick they go so quick there is an exposure with two jokers that is a red flag if someone makes an exposure with multiple Jokers they're Expediting so I would say that would be a red flag green is out we need to draw that Five Dot so somebody got a joker we're good there we got a keeper will call a pong we're one away from ready I'd say we're a front runner we're still in the middle game that's our tile but we're not ready nice okay we're ready to win on a five dot ready to win before the end of the third wall this is that that I guess it's a guideline if you can be ready to win by the end of the third wall if you're thinking that you're a front runner and you make that goal I would say that that confirms your assessment of where you are we're ready to win and the all these uh I believe all the robots have been throwing flowers even though we don't I don't know why I said that we don't need a flower we need a Five Dot nobody wants the Five Dot so I think we're going to be okay here but we're waiting on one tile I would risk any discard I would play to win here somebody threw the Five Dot just a little while ago now if any of these are discarded I might stay concealed because if we reveal if we make an exposure with jokers in the end game we risk an exchange Mak giving our opponents the ability to further develop their hand so so I would probably not call any of these and just keep the Jokers to myself we're waiting for a Five Dot we're g to let it go we want to Five Dot oh somebody got it it was in the wall all right let's try to play one more game okay we have news we have news and then we have 358156 378 like numbers with eights like numbers with fives like numbers with threes news we have news and a flower let's see here this is going to be a challenging one I think I would focus on number tiles news oh maybe a yearand because there there are year hands with winds Kongs we could maybe play the concealed hand so let's keep the five of the threes and then maybe do let's see here yeah we could do that one this is a tough one all right so there's an East and we have a two so we have our first multiple and East so that confirms a wind hand of some kind so let's pass 586 another East and we have a three we could do East and West with the year maybe maybe a South okay now we need to let something go we have a red a nine since we have a a pong of East I would probably let one of the threes go let's see what happens here we ended up with a six crack pair there is some potential in here for East and West with a run but that would require us to pass a two three with a one I wouldn't I don't think I would do that I think I'd rather try for East and West with the year that would even use the flower so I would break up the six okay we're going to pass three oh well now look what showed up 234 East and West okay we have a one two three well one two three matching Dragon even we have one discard but we have options we're in between hands or really in between categories even I would say a wind hand or maybe East and West with the year so I would say that we have at least four discards if not more because we're kind of in between I would say we're going to be an underdog until we draw more tiles we have we have too many discards right now we don't know if we're going to play winds or maybe a yearand with winds if we play a yearand with winds we don't need the North and South we'd have to let a pearo I think I would rather play a wind hand all winds so that would mean we'd have five six discards red all right let's let the one crack go we have east and west with the dragon here going down hard okay so there's a a early exposure here no joker though another early exposure red flags okay there's a two crack pair let's throw the let's see here we may be able to do East and West with a run let's throw the dragon we could also maybe do East and West with the year although there are three white dragons out so if I don't think I would play a year hand here I would play probably East and West with 234 or all wins and let the number tiles go so there's another early exposure with a joker another red flag two exposures now one with two jokers big red flag so I would there's another exposure with a joker so I would bump us back probably to Underdog at this point unless we're able to get these Jokers to help us with East and West with a run that three crack is our tile and we can't call it it's a pair for us yeah one no we don't want that okay now I don't think we want this flower any way we slice and dice this so let's Let It Go now we got a South so with South in here I probably would play maybe the firstand and let the number tiles go unless we draw three crack let's see what are they playing here 4 six four five six7 I think they're doing four five six s here to the right in one suit on the left five six s eight let's throw this eight bam now five cracks six cracks seven bam eight bam on the left they seem to like the pong Kong hands okay now here we have one suit Kongs all the robots have two exposures that's a red flag okay now we're the 71 tiles this is probably going to be used by Agoda for four or five six seven eight so if we're going to play to win we need to let this go now may call it but I don't think they're ready to win I would be surprised so they weren't ready but they need that tile okay AGA got the Joker okay this should be safe nobody's going to want that a eight we're not ready for the north I was just thinking maybe maybe if we get flowers we can cord because we could maybe still try for that flower hand with winds on second thought no regrets though oh we have a winner oh it's that one Su it's the dragon hand all right I think that'll do it for this live stream we're at the top of the hour so I hope that you found this helpful I know that it is a bit more advanced than usual please give me some feedback let me know if you think this should be a topic for Prime Time rather than for beginners I'm kind of leaning that way but I need another I need another beginner skill or St tactics I guess that we could focus on to swap it out thank you so much for being here with me I appreciate it and maybe on both okay Advance says Sue I'm kind of thinking it is Advanced it's pretty Advanced just as I was sharing it because I've never I've not shared this topic before and so I I'm thinking it's pretty Advanced touch on it before moving to the advanced do you mean refine it I know there's a couple corrections I need to make in there but I think it's good good I think the tactics are good the focus is good but I do think it's Advanced so if you're a beginner and you're overwhelmed by it I apologize and I'll see if I can arrange things a little differently and move this to Prime Time like an introduction to Future lessons all right lots to think about moderators thank you so much for being here don't concentrate but say this is still being Advanced oh okay I see all right the next time we meet for nitty-gritty Basics let me just pull up let me share my screen here hold on okay oh okay here we go website so I just want to go to the Matrix if you look for the Matrix you'll see the schedule right here America rajang skills and strategies Matrix okay so here we go skills and strategies Matrix I saw your comment there kind of do a multi-level so make that a level two like level one and level two kind of simplify it and still cover it on a simplified level I think is what you're talking about Evelyn like a 101 and a 2011 or one 101 and yeah anyway okay so let's see the next time we meet you look for the ex's and we're going to do Skill Builders next next week we're going to be talking about Skill Builders so join us again next Monday this will be a new uh Focus so join us again and we'll be able to play at I love Mars they've got an excellent exercise room so if you want to practice between now and then go to I love Ma and when you sign up use MJ life you'll get three weeks free trial and I am an affiliate partner there so I will get a small compensation or compensation I'll get a small commission if you decide to become a paid member all right and we'll be back again at 4: we're GNA do a marathon we're going to do marathons we're going to talk about competitive play for prime time time so that will probably be more advanced if you're an intermediate player you might enjoy it and for any of those players who have a competitive streak it'll be a good one for you too so I hope to see you back again at 4 in the meantime thank you so much for watching my videos and for sharing about this Channel with your friends if you like this video give me a thumbs up if you haven't subscribed to my channel consider subscribing click the little gray Bell if you do that way you'll get notification for when I post new videos and you won't miss an opportunity to learn a new strategy or pick up an insight to the game that could give you an advantage at the table between now and the next video may all your picks Bee Keepers he [Music]	he for for he hey in this nitty gritty basics let us play live stream we are going to be playing american majan using the national maj on league card at i love mage the nitty gritty basics demonstrations are all done at i love mj because they have a wonderful exercise room we will be using charleston decision making probably next week because today is topic is on high risk sabotage and that is going to require watching what the robots are doing at the table so we are going to be reactive today highrisk sabotage that is the topic for today it is a little bit more advanced than i usually share so you will have to let me know if you are a beginner if you find this overwhelming and if it is just pick and choose one or 2 to tactics to help you begin thinking strategically on how you can block your opponents from hand development while you still develop your own hand and decide if you are going to play to win or fold please write your comments in the chat as we go and if you are watching the repost 1st thank you for that and then also write your comments below the video and i will be happy to answer any questions you might have you can also join us on facebook if you use social media because we do talk through a lot of strategies and rules on facebook you can find links in the video description below i want to say thank you again for watching my videos channel members thank you so much for supporting mj life and moderators thank you for being here to help moderate the chat today is format is nitty gritty so no socialization if you like gameplay with social socialization and shenanigans join us on fridays starting at 6 pm eastern time all right let us get started i am going to share my screen 0 i have already got it let us see here right here there we go highrisk sabotage can you hear me okay somebody give me a a go in chat to let me know that you can hear me i can do a quick test also hold on y okay i got my hi mona all right great here we go hi your sabotage buckle up when you are playing this game the object of the game of course is to complete a winning hand secondarily you want to not lose you do not want to throw a winning tile and you want to try to keep your opponents from developing their hand and that is what high risk sabotage is all about the highrisk part is when you sense that your opponents are getting close to a winning hand and we are going to talk about how you can tell the 1st step is you need to be aware of red flags the next step is you are going to assess your position then observe tells next choose tactics and then lastly you are going to take action so we are going to step through these and then we will do demonstrations at i love maage with robots awesome sandra thank you okay so beware of red flags what are the red flags during the charleston one red flag is if an opponent is passing blind that can be an indicator that they have a well developed hand so they do not have enough tiles to pass they do not want to give away a keeper now keep in mind here that they could be in between categories or in between hands that could also indicate that particular situation but you want to think about the worst case scenario and plan for that so if someone is passing blind the best way to interpret that if you if you know them especially eventually you will be able to determine whether they are in between or if they know what they are playing and sometimes a tell for this is their speed in passing their their physical action so if somebody for example after receiving a pass they quickly take 2 tiles and then take one tile to supplement that pass there is like no delay to me that would be an indicator that they probably have a well developed hand now if they delay and they are thinking about what to do and then they pass maybe 2 and supplement if there is a delay there that could be an indicator that they are in between so think about speed with their action s passing blind that is one red flag the next would be stopping the charleston this is a big red flag and typically when experienced players stop the charleston they have a well developed hand very rarely will an experienced player stop the charleston if they are in between there is a disclaimer here though because there are some experienced players who stop the charleston as a tactic they do that consistently and when that occurs they are harming their own hand development potentially as well as the hand development of their opponents so so even though they can slow the hand development for their opponents they are doing the same thing to themselves because they are denying themselves the opportunity to potentially improve their dealt hand further with 12 more tiles up to 12 because after this 1st left you are going to pass left across right in that last right you can pass blind and in the optional cross you negotiate with your opponent across from you up to 3 tiles many times when someone stops the charleston the opponent sitting opposite will not pass tiles to that player because they need they assume that the player has a well developed hand that is why i say up to 12 some people might think well really is not it 9 no not necessarily because some opponents will exchange tiles it is best not to though because they could be near a a ready hand so consider that the next flag is that in the optional across they negotiate low so here is an example i am sitting across from you and i pass one blind in the 1st left that is the 1st red flag then i think a moment and i say i want to stop the charleston that is the 2nd red flag then i pause and i am reactive i wait for my opponent to offer a pass and if they do not offer which i expect that they will not but if they do not then i might say would you like any tiles i do not say how many i want yet i just say would you like any tiles and they are going to decline or they are going to negotiate so if they say sure i will take 3 and then i might say how about 2 so that would be a low negotiation if i say one say no thank you really if i say even 2 or 3 say no thank you because the likelihood is that i have a well developed hand so these are the red flags during the charleston opponents passing blind opponents stopping the charleston and opp opponents negotiating low 3 red flags if any of these occur you need to be mindful of that going into the next phase of the game and that is what we are going to talk about next in the play the play is after east discards that 1st tile so east discards and now we are going to be playing so here are the red flags that occur in this phase of the game any post exposure discard i need to add one to this is an early exposure if somebody makes an exposure when the short wall is in play that would be the 2nd wall that is a red flag because they are willing to risk giving away information and also many times that 1st exposure could have joker so they are going to risk losing a joker in an early exposure so an early exposure and then post exposure discards you want to watch the relationship to their exposure so like if i let us say someone discards a 7 bam and i call it and i expose a kong with a joker of 7 bams and then i discard a 6 bam you can assume that i am either playing maybe a executive runand in mix suits or big odds so it will help you identify what category they are playing or maybe the pattern of their hand and you are going to continue to watch their discards so an early exposure is the 1st red flag then the postexposure discard is another red flag and incidentally these will continue through the game next an opponent making more than one exposure the more exposures someone has the easier it is going to be to identify their category and their hand eventually because you are going to watch those exposures and by process of elimination figure out what category they are playing and then maybe even what hand they are playing if you know the card well lastly if opponents start discarding jokers that is another big red flag typically that is going to mean that they are either playing a joker is hand or they could be waiting on a single tile or maybe they are waiting to complete a pair so you should have heightened awareness and defense with that last bullet for sure that last red flag if anyone discards a joker so what do you do with all of that you are going to assess your position your position in the game is going to be based on the hand development after the charleston so after the charlest after you have received all your passes and you have hopefully improved your dealt hand you are going to assess your position and you are going to do that by counting your discards so whatever category you are playing at this stage of the game probably you may not have picked a hand yet maybe you have if you have just count your discards if you have more than 4 discards at at the begin game when east discards their 1st tile or during that 2nd wall the short wall you are likely an underdog in the game you are probably trailing behind the pack take a lowrisk approach until you have a hand with no gaps and few weaknesses and we are going to look at some examples of this so this would be the underdog position low risk you are going to take low low risk and depending on how things go with your opponents and what they reveal you can either increase your control of risk or you can pull back and take more risks depending on what happens at the table if you have 4 discards you are likely a contender for that game this means you can take a moderate risk approach and expedite your hand development and that would mean claiming discards and making exposures to help quicker quicken hand development expedite hand development by using discards keep in mind that every exposure you make is going to reveal information just like your opponents so for discards you are likely a contender if if you have less than 4 you are likely a front runner for that hand regardless of risk expedite hand development so for example let us say you are in that begin game and someone discards a joker and you can make an exposure with a kong someone discards a tile and you can make an exposure with jokers let us say you want to u make an exposure with kongs and a couple of jokers it is okay to risk that because you are a front runner with only 4 discards after that exposure you discard and now you have only 3 and the game is still in that 1st short wall so being a front runner means that you can take more risks let us look at some examples so here up in the right corner you see the short wall that is a bird is eye view of a table short wall in that upper right corner and this is the hand after the charleston we have odds odds the 1st odd hand in one suit and we could maybe even play 5s n in one suit if we maybe get a red dragon for example so let us just say the 1st odd hand in one suit and we would have 4 discards really 5 because we have an extra extra 9 crack so because there are 5 we are an underdog so we want to take a low risk approach if this were our hand the weakness for this hand right now is the one crack we need a pair for that and we have only one that would be an example of a weakness another weakness is the 5 crack because for this hand that needs to be a kong we have 2 but we can not call anything so that would be example of another weakness so this particular hand even though there are no gaps there are 2 weaknesses until we get another one crack or maybe draw a 5 crack or a joker and then we can act on the 3 crack and pong kong the 5 pong the 7 and be ready to win maybe on that 5 or that one crack so kind of plan it through in your head briefly and and see see where the hand can go what might happen as you continue to develop but in this case because we have 5 discards we should assume that we are in that underdog position and take a lowrisk approach all right next we are going to look at this example we have winds and dragons number 7 this would be the concealed hand the concealed hand we have news we have extra east because we only need singles there and then we have a pung of 7s and an 8 dot so in this case we have 4 discards so we would be a contender we could take a little bit of a higher risk here even though it is a concealed hand we have got our singles all we need to do is build we need tiles to help with the 8 dot the north and that is it so so we could get jokers maybe through picking or joker exchanges so we would be a contender if this were our hand 4 discards here is another example we have like numbers number 2 we have a couple of jokers and then we have 3 pairs of ones and dragons we are missing one dragon the white dragon and we have 2 discards 2 we would be a front runner here so we can take any level of risk and just play at will in this case this is a concealed hand maybe we could since we have 2 jokers we could kong these ones and discard the flowers in which case that would put us back to a contender because with the dragons if we decide to play the exposable hand we would have 4 discards so that would be an example of taking this hand a different route to expedite hand development let us say for example someone puts up a pong of white dragons that is going to limit your ability to get that last dragon so you might switch to the exposable hand and that would that would basically mean the 2 dragons would become discards so your position is going to change depending on the decisions that you make and what happens at the table let us look at another example we have a consecutive run hand and the consecutive run hand for this one is the 2nd hand down on the right 12 in dots 34 and cracks pong kong pong kong we have another pair on the left but we have 4 multiples that can be used for that 2nd hand down so i would earmark the 2s the 2 cracks as potential joker bait which is another tactic that we may be able to demonstrate later when we play the game at i love m but here you would discard one of these 2s in the middle of the game and maybe someone will make an exposure with a joker and then you can do a joker exchange with the other tile that is called joker bab and that particular tactic was coined by tom sloper of sloperama so thank you tom for that so in this particular case we have 5 discards however 3 of those discards are clear and the other 2 are joker bait so we have the potential of getting a joker so the c the the categorization is a little bit different i would would say we have 3 discards with joker bait and to me that would make us a front runner because if we do get that joker then we are just going to confirm that we are in we are advancing so we have 3 clear discards the 2 cracks we are going to hold on to a little bit and see maybe if we could get jokers there so this would be an example of a front runner because we have joker bait and that of course is going to depend on what happen s at the table if somebody in the begin game or even the early part of the middle game discards a 2 crack and nobody wants it well then it is going to become a discard and you are going to adjust your position accordingly you might put yourself back to being a a contender bump back if something happens with the potential for joker bait just bump yourself back to contender so that you are prepared to take the appropriate level of risk with as you develop your hand okay any questions about position underdog more than 4 discards contender 4 discards front runner less than 4 discards so the magic number there is 4 under 4 or i am sorry over 4 would be an underdog 4 would be a contender less than 4 would be a front runner any questions i do not see any questions so we are going to keep going we are going to start talking about sabotage okay here we go you it is going to be really important for you to learn how to compartmentalize the game and using hop toys strategy by wall is a good way to do that so the strategy by wall originally was introduced to the community by tom sloper and i have used that strategy myself and over time have added my own tactics to it which is why i call it strateg h hop toys strategy by wall so the charleston is what i call the pregame this is before east discards the 1st tile the game does not officially begin until that point so the charleston is a pregame hand development expediter that charleston the whole purpose of the charleston is to help you further develop your delt hand so that when the game begins with east discard and the game kind of slows down where you pick one tile at a time getting these these 3 tiles up to let us see 39 10 times let us see i am sorry 7 passes so right across left left across right and then the optional across that is 7 passes up to 21 tiles you are going to be able to further develop your hand to some degree hopefully so that is what happens during the pregame or the charleston then we have the begin game which is the short wall 2nd wall here you want to you know after the charleston you are going to assess your position and then when east discards you are going to hopefully know at least what category you are playing and then if you can pick a hand by the end of the 2nd wall if you can sometimes it is not possible that is okay just continue continue to gather and build the middle game is the 3rd wall if you can try to be ready to win by the end of the 3rd wall that is a good goal it is it is hard to do but it is good to set your sights there build with the end of mind basically try to be ready to win by the end of the 3rd wall if you can and then the end game which is the last wall actually here i just want to mention if you are not ready to win by that end of the 3rd wall adjust your position and bump back so that you can focus on sabotage if you have 4 discards and you are at the end of the 3rd wall or maybe you do not even know what hand you are playing yet make yourself an underdog and switch to sabotage basically fold your hand and discard safely and then maybe the next hand you will have a better start and be ahead by this point for the next game live to fight another day basically so and i need to add the end game which is the 4th wall in that 4th wall that is where you really want to heighten defense and decide if you are going to play to win or fold and discard as safely as possible to keep your opponents from further developing their hand so now we are going to talk about how to observe tells this is kind of where the beginning of the sabotage because you have got to gather information it is going to require you to observe what is happening at the table not just what is happening in your own hand but what is happening at the table and if you do not already know a tell is a change in a player is behavior that can give clues to that player is viability of their hand this comes from the poker world the same thing can be done in maang there are all kinds of tells well 3 kinds specifically that we are going to talk about it is a change in a player is behavior that gives you a clue on the viability of your opponent is hand the 1st type of tell is a verbal tell this is where their filter might slip they may say something about the game or maybe even their hand that gives information that you can use to your advantage for example somebody might be frustrated and say where are all the flowers they need flowers and they have none so you could take that to me they are either in the wall or maybe your other opponents have the flowers but also that you have time to build your hand because they are behind they have no flowers and they want them so they gave away information by verbalizing something about their hand that would be an example of verbal tells there is a whole other video lots of videos on tells i believe it is look for intel gathering i believe is the title of the videos on tells this i just want to cover very briefly because we are going to talk more about sabotage what to do with this information so the next 2 would be physical tells and that is where people flinch it is kind of like a verbal tell only they are not speaking they are moving their body they are they are using their body or their their emotions are being expressed through their body whether it be maybe their they have their their chin in their in their hand or maybe they are covering their mouth or their forehead is in their hand like this i mean those can all be expressions of frustration boredom and you know maybe their hand is not progressing as they want it to those are all tells physical tells the way they use their body it could also be a flinch or a smirk so facial tails come in here as well and then there are tile tails the tile tails are the ones where they are manipulating their hand in some kind of way maybe they are shuffling their tiles quickly that could be an indicator that they are switching their hand if that is done in the middle game after someone makes an exposure well they are basically starting over with a hand or maybe they are switching from one hand to another or maybe even changing categories who knows but a lot of times after somebody makes an exposure somebody might need to change their hand and they the tell there would be probably tile tails where they are shuffling their tiles another would be if people turn tiles that is another tile tail somebody discards something and then another player will turn a tile that usually is an indicator that they wanted that discard so the tells are all behaviors exhibited by your opponents that can give you information to help you decide how to proceed with your own hand whether you are going to push or fold consider though that there are bluffs people can bluff an example of a bluff would be in the middle game somebody picks a tile from the wall and they rack it and then they maybe pause a moment and they discard a natural tile a symbol tile and then someone discards and they maang and they have jokers they could have thrown a joker but when you throw a joker that is enough another red that is a red flag just like we talked about earlier so as not to alert the table or spook the opponents they will discard a natural tile because they have enough of them to cover that gap and then they are still ready to win they just do not want people to think 0 my gosh they discarded a joker they must be waiting on a pair or a single tile they must be ready to win or or they are playing a big hand a paar hand so there is such a thing as bluff so keep that in mind and people also can use tells as manipulation deception they could just do it even if it does not apply some people for example will decide to fold in the end end game let us say someone discards a tile and they have a pure exposure that they can make some people will make an exposure even though they have decided to fold just to sabotage someone else is hand but i disagree with that particular strategy it is something that people use but i i think it is a bad move because it gives away information some people use that though so keep that in mind people can manipulate the game but if you learn how to read tells especially if you play with the same people all the time you can gather some information that can give you an advantage at the table let us now talk about how you can use that and sabotage your opponents or block them from hand development this would be taking action or in action that will deliberately destroy disrupt or damage their potential to develop their hand so you are going to choose tactics i am what to do one thing that you could do is destruction this would be a deliberate action that involves destroying their hand and this is going to require time it has got to be timely and mindful so for example let us say in the middle game somebody discards a 3 dot and an opponent flinches and let us say you have a 3 dot in your hand that flinch is a tell on your next turn if you do not need that 3 dot i would discard it that would be a deliberate action because you saw that tell the flinch and you are thinking well they must have needed it and could not call it so now i am going to let it go right away that is a deliberate act to sabotage their hand and it is timely because it was just discarded so instead of holding it discard it that would be an example of destruction the next would be wastage wastage is a deliberate action that involves discarding a joker or discarding a symbol tile that you could have used in a joker exchange and usually these would be red flags at the table if someone discards a joker red flag and if someone also discards a tile that could have been used to do a joker exchange for one you do not want anyone to have a pure hand so you are wasting that opportunity to get the joker so as not to give them a a pure hand but let us say you do not even need a joker so it does not matter to you now i just want to briefly say something about people discarding a tile that could be used in exchange for a joker never say anything about it do not bring it to anyone is attention 0 you could have exchanged a joker for that do not do that because they could be doing it deliberately and it will highlight that action and it frustrate them because they may have used it as a tactic a wastage tactic so it draws attention to their playing style and that could cause some hurt feelings so do not comment on any tactic that is being used really you should not talk about anything in a that has to do with the game and play whether it is your own hand your opponent is hand what someone discards what someone maybe does not do this inaction where they could take a joker exchange do not comment on any of that talk about the weather talk about your grandkids what have you talk about what you are having for dinner tonight or do not talk at all and just play the game depending on the atmosphere or the the culture of your group of course so the point here is that you do not want to draw attention or give attention to the decisions that other people are making because it it could be intentional okay so wastage next we have inaction this is the deliberate inaction that prevents an opponent is hand development and typically this is going to happen if you decide to fold if you decide your hand is not going anywhere or maybe you are blocked because you needed a pair it is late in the game end of the 3rd wall and you need a pear tile and someone just made a pure kong or a pure pong and there is no way for you to get a joker and there is not enough time for you to pick another hand this is where you may want to fold and start discarding safe tiles the inaction would be that you are not going to be discarding tiles that could potentially help an opponent develop their hand so that would be holding tiles you think they need and it would also be using tiles you think they will need if you decide to play to win you could maybe have time or the flexibility to switch your hand and use tiles that you think they could need instead of discarding them for example i have played a hand where i had a i picked a flower from the wall in the end of the 3rd wall and i have jokers in my hand and i could switch to a hand that uses flowers with those jokers instead of discarding a flower in the late game i am going to change my hand to use the flower that would be an inaction because i am not going to be discarding that flower instead i am going to use it myself which is kind of the other side of the coin and that the action i am taking is to repurpose or reset my hand and use that flower myself instead of discarding it and potentially giving somebody a winning hand or maybe an opportunity to call it and make an exposure and develop their hand further so we have destruction wastage and inaction those are the 3 tactics that you can use to sabotage your opponent is hand all right any questions we are getting ready to look at one more consideration and that is risk okay here we go risk when you are at the end of the 3rd wall you are going to assess your potential to win and the way that you are going to do that is look at your weaknesses or if you have any gaps or weaknesses a gap would be let us say you are playing 369 and you have no 3s i would fold let us say that you need you are playing a hand with 4 pair a concealed hand like maybe the consecutive concealed hand that needs 4 pair and you have 2 singles that need to become pairs that would be 2 weaknesses you might consider folding especially if your tiles are out on the table as discards or maybe they are in an exposure or maybe you are you think your opponent has them so those are kind of some things you want to think about when you assess your position at the end game right at that 3rd wall or i am sorry the end of the 3rd wall going into the 4th wall in that end game you want to try to assess where you are in relation to your opponents because if your opponents are further ahead than you you might consider folding and just play defense so that you can block them from winning and then play another game where you might have a better opportunity for quicker hand development so here is how you can decide pick by pick what to do on the left we have the likelihood of a discard being risky you have some that could be improbable let us say for example i draw a 2 crack and there are 3 out that have been discarded that would be an improbable tile that could give somebody a winning hand the risk is unlikely if 3 are out if you can account for 3 tiles whether they be discards or maybe one is in an exposure and 2 are discards that 2 crack would be would have improbable risk the next would be possible risk and this would be fewer discards are out let us say only 2 are visible that is going to increase the risk level of that particular tile and if only one is out or none are out well then that is going to be a probable tile that could either help someone develop their hand or win so think about the likelihood of that newly picked tile if you do not need it yourself what is going to happen when you discard would be the impact that it is going to create there are levels of impact the 1st is an acceptable level of impact and that might apply if somebody has no exposures you have no idea what they are playing or maybe they are playing a low a low point hand and you are okay with paying ¢50 for a hand let us say so that might be an acceptable impact if you pick a time that is risky next we have a tolerable impact maybe someone has one exposure you still do not know what they are playing or maybe you based on discards can figure out that they are playing a higher point hand it is not it is going to have a higher impact than an acceptable discard an acceptable situation because you are going to end up having to pay higher if if they have happen to be playing a more valuable hand then there is an unacceptable impact where somebody has 2 exposures and you have a tile that you pick from the wall with someone having 2 exposures you can figure out what hand they are playing by process of elimination looking at the discards and other exposures that are out you can figure out what that person is playing and incidentally all this is probably more on the advanced beginner side or if you are on a spectrum from beginner to advanced it is kind of edging into the middle where your advanced beginner or maybe intermediate so some of this might be a little too advanced for you if so then just let this go until later and then incorporate these things as you gain confidence with the game so the final impact would be intolerable this would be if somebody has 3 exposures if you draw a tile that is has probable risk you do not want to discard that tile you are going to fold so you are going to think about these things what what is the likelihood that my discard is going to give someone the ability to expedite hand development or potentially win and what is going to be the impact of that win and it is going to be acceptable to intolerable based on the number of exposures so with that on the acceptable side improbable and possible have low impact probable if you have a tile that maybe only has one discard out that is going to have a medium impact so you want to think about that next we have tolerable and this increases as you can see we have medium impact and a high impact if you if you if someone has one exposure and you draw a tile where there is only one out that is going to have a high impact if someone has 2 exposures or maybe they are playing a quint a high value hand the impact is going to be higher and even if you have a an improbable tile like a a let us say that 2 crack and there is 2 out that is going to have a medium impact with somebody who has 2 exposures or maybe an exposure with a quint if you think they can use that tile you might fold and then if it is a possible winning tile or a probable winning tile it is going to have a high impact you might get criticism from your opponents if you discard a possible or probable winning tile for someone who has 2 exposures that is a high impact and then finally we have high and extreme if someone has 3 exposures and you discard a probable winning tile that is going to bring some reaction from your opponents who are going to have to end up paying for that hand so train yourself to be observant watch for tells try to figure out what your opponents are playing if you can if it is a little too advanced for you that is okay table this for a while and then as you gain confidence come back to these videos and learn how to to read the table it will give you an advantage at the table even if you are a beginner and you use these concepts when there are high risk situations at the table like somebody having 2 exposures or 3 exposures you will know to probably downgrade your position and fold and discard safely and do it confidently that is the goal all right i am going to to stop sharing now because we are going to play at i love m let me know what you think about that i may move that to the nitty gritty prime time because i think it is pretty advanced intermediate maybe which is why i initially put it here in this session but it may be too advanced so if i can add a another basic strategy or skill i will probably replace it and put that in the prime time so let me know your thoughts on that if you are a beginner let me know if that is just too much if it is just too advanced too overwhelming to think about those things let me know i welcome the input and then i will make adjustments based on the response okay so i am gna go to this layout and we are going to play maang we are just going to go straight to playing with robots so that we can monitor their exposures and try to look for their discards it is going to be very challenging to do at i love m because they they do not do random discards they line the discards in rows so it is very difficult or impossible i should say to remember who discarded what with that kind of a layout so the only thing we are going to be able to do is monitor exposures we and post exposure dis post exposure discards that we can watch for as well so we are going to remember the red flags i will try to speak to them or point them out as they occur and then we are going to focus on our own hand development and try to demonstrate high risk sabotage against robots so we are going to launch a game and play with robots so get started here okay and also the other thing we are going to talk about as we go is position so i will be able to demonstrate how to assess your position after the charleston and then as the game progresses so that we know the level of risk we can take when playing the game so in this particular delt hand it is going to be challenging because we have no multiples we have a widespread west one 2 689 in bams 2359 in cracks 245 6 in dots i would choose the predominant pattern and see what we have left over so if if these were my tiles i would play either 2 through 6 2345 345 6 something like that or i would play evens so let us just pull off the e 1st to see if there is any particular pattern that shows up so there is 2468 we have 7 tiles towards 2468 and we have 18 32s 26s we have 25s over here so because we have only 18 i think i would instead play consecutive run we have more tiles that we can use with consecutive run than we do with 2468 and it is much more efficient because you can go up or down in a sequence then with 2 468 you skip a number so you need specific tiles limited tiles so i think we should play consecutive run 2345 34 5 56 and let us just start there and see what happens we could even maybe do one 2 3 4 but i am thinking 23 45 or 34 56 primarily because we have 25s and 26s so that kind of pushes us up into higher numbers rather than going low with a one even though we do have 12 3 4 in here okay so we have 3 tiles we can p pass without having to let any of those tiles go so what we are looking for is 3 clear discards to pass and we have them right there it is a little bit risky because we have a 89 in mixed suits so it is not as bad is if we had like an 8 crack with a 9 crack this is not too awful bad but there is some risk there and that is okay there is going to be risk in every pass so now what we are going to be keeping an eye open for is a multiple because that is going to be the trigger for us to target the multiple because american maang is a game of multiples pe pong kong all over the card there is not a hand without them there is no hand with just singles even in the singles and pairs hands there are pairs so you want to leverage that strength multiples pa punong kong so if one develops we are going to reassess we have a a multiple right here 3 crack so we completely now reassess we have a 3 crack pair so that is where i would start 3 crack pair with a 3 crack i see that we could maybe play a 369 hand let us just look quickly at 369 there are 5 tiles that we could use for 3 69 but we also have one through 5 far more so i would give up the big numbers the 6s will go maybe even the red dragon because we will not be able to use that red dragon unless we get flowers and we have no flowers we have a gap and therefore that red dragon even though it is pretty it corresponds with cracks which we have 125 right there but without flowers that red dragon is useless so we are going to discard it and we are left here with one through 5 targeting 3 the 3 crack is the new strength and we have 4 discards so we stop the analysis just stop right there because we have 3 clear discards the red dragon a 6 dot and a 9 bam so we can pass it is a little bit risky but every pass has some level of risk you want to focus on developing your own hand 1st and then do the best you can with what you have left over and the 6s and the 9 red dragon that is what we have left over so that would be the safest we could make it okay now we have a one bam paired up anytime you develop another multiple reassess we we did pick up a 3 dot so we have a 3 crack pair and a one bam pair hopefully we will be able to use a 123 of some kind we have 2 clear discards so now we have all keepers remaining after letting the 6 and the 8 go so we need to let something go here with a one bam and the 3 crack 123 4 i am thinking 135 we could maybe try for little odds but we have no flowers and if we were to use a little odd hand let us say the 5 dot 135 mc suit kongs with a pair of flowers that would be the 3rd hand down we have no flowers so i would not even think about playing that hand so the 5 dot might be a good discard we may not be able to use the one or we may not be able to use the 3 we have in here 12126 hand down under consecutive run we could also do 1234 if we get a 4 crack so with 1212 or 123 4 you know what if we get a white dragon we could maybe even play a year hand so i would probably keep all the 2s and 3s so probably i would card let us see we do have a hand in here by the way 12 3 4 or no no 2345 so it would be 23 crack 45 in dots so at the moment we probably should pick a hand i think what i would do here since we could do 2345 pong kong pong kong with cracks and dots i think i would let the 5 crack go we still have options with 121 2 we still could maybe do a yearand if we get a white dragon we could still do 1234 if we get a 4 crack so there is still a lot of potential here by giving up that 5 crack so let us let that go we did not get any keepers which means we can just stop the analysis and keep going so we are going to continue this r dragon not helpful without flowers and we have no flowers so we are not keeping it we are going to pass all right we have a new multiple 2 new multiples 2 crack 3 crack 45 2345 punung kong pung kong no gaps 3 multiples so that is what i would probably focus on maybe the one band can be joker bait later we have enough discards to think about that so let us pass 5 crack with let us say a 2 dot and a 3 dot we have 23 crack 45 dot 2nd hand down on the right no keepers let us pass south 9 with a one let us see here 12 3 4 actually let us keep that one if we get a 5 bam we might be able to play that 4th hand down single pair pong 12 345 bam so let us discard this 2 dot and that is a great pass right there a wind a big number in one suit and a little number in a 2nd suit this is the best kind of pass you can do we got a 5 crack back and 2 wins and we can pass fully here in the optional so let us pass the south the 5 and the 7 okay we did not get any keepers this is now where you want to a assess your position we have a hand with no gaps we have a weakness though 2 weaknesses actually because the 3 crack and the 5 dot need to be kongs we have a pair of 3s and a single 5 so those would be weaknesses no gaps but we do have weaknesses if we played 12345 bam that would have a gap we would need a 5 bam if we decided to play that hand i would still keep the one crack we have a pair we do not need we might be able to use this to help us get a joker maybe and we have 4 discards so we have 4 discards with joker bait a hand with no gaps and a potential hand with a gap again we have weaknesses so i would say that we are probably i would say we are an underdog on this one because even with joker bait we do not know yet if that is going to be useful until we start seeing the discards so i would say we are probably in an underdog which means we need to take a lowrisk approach we do not need wins at all so that is what we are going to start with for discarding okay so nobody wants the red dragon it went around in the charleston that will be a good discard if i am not playing wins those go 1st and then the dragons and then the year tiles that is the the the i call it a triage that is the order in which i discard winds if you are not using them then dragons and then year tiles and the reason is that winds and dragons since they are in fewer hands are less likely going to be an exposures with jokers and i want to optimize my potential to get jokers because they are going to help me build my or develop my hand so the 3 dot would be an example of a year tile year tiles are predominant this year 2 2023 there is 22s in there and and they the 2023 is also in the biggest hand on the card and i want to try to sabotage that hand i do not want to pay ¢75 or 75 points to somebody or even discard into that and pay double i do not want to do that so that is why i include year tiles as my 1st discards if i am not using them clearly if i am going to use it i will keep it like for example we might be able to do 12 crack 34 dot so let us keep the the 3 dot so we are going to ignore this red dragon we do not we do not need that no flower flower 0 there is a kong up there kong of flowers that is a good thing to notice and incidentally that would be a red flag that robot that person let us call him joe his name is joe curtis excuse me they made an early dis an early exposure a pure kong of flowers so they are committing early they are either ri taking a big risk in a kong of flowers because that is going to limit their hands they could play or they have a well developed hand which could also be the case so that would be a red flag that is an example of a red flag so we need to try to watch what kurt joe is discarding to see if we can figure out which hand that uses 4 flowers could they be playing there are several on the card you can look and and see yourself the hands with 4 flowers on it okay or in it all right here is a white dragon we are gna pass of course we got a 9 dot but we want to let the wind go okay 5 bam that would be a keeper if we were to play the 4th hand down but there is nothing we can do about that and probably i would take that hand off the option list okay pair of red dragon nobody wanted the red dragon so you might think 0 joker b no that has no power because a red dragon was discarded plus it went around during the charleston just because you have an unwanted pair does not make it joker bait it has no power in this case because nobody wants the red dragon okay we do not need big numbers okay so we have we have had 123 discards so we are still in the begin game to the right west expo made an exposure that is another red flag so we have 2 robots who have made exposures in the begin game red flags which further solidifies that we are likely an underdog so we need to continue with a lowrisk approach for this hand okay so we will let the red dragon go now this 6 crack would probably be a good discard because of what this player on the right has so probably i would discard that next okay now that would be potentially one of our tiles we are not going to be able to call it so one of our tiles is out okay we have a 6 crack that we can let go of this 9 dot might be able to give us an opportunity for a joker exchange either the one or the 9 we will see we are at 78 tiles remaining joker bait typically is ideal the timing for joker bait ideally is in the middle of the game 60 tiles remaining so we have a few picks before they kind of need to simmer a little bit we got to give our opponents time to gather tiles so they can call that is how joker bait works also consider that 9 crack has been discarded that would be like numbers around potential joker bait and there is no interest so that kind of weakens that particular joker bait also we now have a pong of one bams that also weakens joker bait because what that means is that our opponents if they have a one they and they do not have enough jokers to call to make an exposure that is not going to give us that opportunity for a joker exchange so in this case even though it is a pong we have stronger potential with 234 so we are going to let that one bam go right now and let us just see what happens with it there is no interest whatsoever so i would discard those next all right so we we the the 4 is in our range but we are not interested in bams we are working with cracks and dots it seems that nobody wants 9s but the 9 dot we do not know yet about that because our opponent on the right for example wes they could be playing big odds maybe they want the 9 dot we do not know yet okay so let us hold the 7 and let the one go there is a 7 bam out also so that will probably be a good discard okay now that for us would probably be a kong and we are not ready so we have to let it go although it could be a pong if we played the 4th hand down single pair pong 123 crack 4 kong 5 bam kong but we have no 5 bam that is a gap n one is out so i would not consider calling that at all because that is a huge weakness okay here we have a keeper 3 dot 12 crack 34 dot let us let the one bamboo okay we do not need that that would be our tile but we are not ready for it okay so let us see the 7 bam is already out we are going to let that go okay so the player on our left aga has not had any exposures yet that could also be a red flag by the way they could be playing a pair hand they could be playing a concealed hand which means that hand value is going to go up so there is risk there they could also not be ready which is kind of where we are at okay we do not want wins it looks like nobody wants wins so those should always be safe discards for now for this hand okay 8 6.9 okay we are at 56 tiles remaining let us let the 9 go and see if we can get a joker exchange opportunity no so we will let that go next that would be a miss that is a missed a joker bait miss okay let us let the 9 go here is 2 23 4123 we are still just going to gather and watch observe so we have a p a kong of flowers and a flower discarded so 5 are out now 9 dot nobody wanted we are at 48 tiles the 6 dot and the 8 dot those are those have not been discarded yet we clearly do not need them so i think we should discard them there we go there is a pure kong over there i would discard let us see so they are doing they have a 7 crack 8 dot s crack pong so they are playing let us see here 7878 7 crack 8 crack punong kong 7.8 do punong kong they are playing punong kong punong kong 2nd hand down in 2 suit 0 no no 6th hand down so we are going to still let the 6 dot and 9 dot go next so they are playing 78 78 on the right so that is 6 flower out nobody wants 9 dot green dragon dragons typically i let go of early because they gain risk as the game progresses so i am going to let that that green dragon go 1st seems like nobody wants dragons okay now here is joker is up for grabs that is another red flag they are risking 2 jokers in an exposure just before the end game that is an a an assertive maneuver basically so that is a red flag and we need to probably switch to defense we need to fold and play defensively our goal when when we fold is to sa sabotage we want to discard as safely as possible to try to keep our opponents from developing their hand since they have a kong of 6s we are now going to hold that 6 dot because they could be playing like numbers with 6s 4 flowers like numbers with 6s firsthand under that is probably what they are doing i mean it could be they could be playing a 369 hand or they could be playing something consecutive so i probably would not discard that 5 dot either because they could be doing 456 mc soup kongs all right well let us discard this or let us let this go we are we are folding we have got 2 players with 2 exposures each and we we have a hand in here 2345 or 1234 but it has weaknesses let us get a joker and we know nobody wants 9 dot because it is 2 are out so our our super risky tile right now is that 6 dot if it if it is discarded and our opponent joe does not take it then we can discard it and play to win so right now we are probably going to be folding we are going to play a fold most likely but if someone discards the 6 dot and joe does not take it we might be able to discard it and then play to win especially now that we have a joker okay now here i was thinking that nobody wanted winds and there is a south it is the east and wests that are out no norths are out and there is a south out so aga is playing a wind hand and they have an exposure almost in the end game we are at the last pick of the 3rd wall and they made an exp exposure which means they are playing to win if anybody at this stage of the game end of the 3rd wall going into the 4th wall if anybody makes an exposure assume that they are playing to win so we have 3 players playing to win and we have weakness so we should fold all right now we have a one crack so we have 1234 it looks like nobody wants the 2 dot with a pung of souths this should be safe even though it is 0 yeah here it is right there there are 2 out we might be able to throw the 3 crack too so we have 1234 the 5 dot was thrown we might be able to unfold and play to win because we have this joker we could pung the one crack and the 3 dot we could kong the 2 or the 4 but not both so what we want to see here is someone we want someone to discard a 6 dot because that is going to be risky we are officially in the end game 40 tiles remaining that is risky okay we got a 4 crack let us see none are out 5 dot let us throw that okay there is 4 crack so now if no one takes it we will throw it so that that will be a safe discard for us that is going to be very risky now 7 dot the player on our right 7878 they want that tile flowers it appears nobody wants we have 27 tiles remaining joker 0 my goodness this hand really turned on a dime because now we have potential to win but we have 2 risky tiles this player across from us i think they are playing like numbers with 6s how many 6 bams are out let us see here one no 6 dots are out and 16 bam is out north and south to the left they could they are probably playing north and south with a run maybe they are playing 456 let us see what happens here let us let us call and just see what happens i am still hoping someone will discard a 6 or a 7 okay let us pung all right now 0 i want to play to win of course i do 12 3 46 dot okay now this is where you think about that risk matrix there are no 6 dots out and there are no 7 dots out this is going to be a we have 2 exposures so this is going to be a to intolerable impact i should not have made that exposure we should fold we are folding i do not want to throw those tiles if you know if you have risky tiles that are going to have an intolerable impact and they are a probable keeper for your opponent fold i should not have made these exposures but i wanted to win so i did it no regrets though we are just going to fold at this point okay 8 bam 8 bam well let us throw the one we know nobody wanted that okay here look 6 dot they want it so now we can let it go okay we still have a risky tile so i do not regret folding all right that would have given them a win all right so we did not discard the winning time tile so i would say we did good even though we did not win all right let us play again all right what do we have another widespread so we look for the predominant pattern we have northwest south white dragon 2 bam 3 crack some year potential in there we also have 6789 there is some 2468 in here but it is really really light i think what i would do is focus on probably winds or maybe a yearand and i would let probably we have like numbers with 6s 658 let us let the 70 that is really risky let us let the let us see here let us let a 6 dot go actually let us let the 6 crack go all right we will start here let us see what happens okay wis we are going to probably play wins so there is news so let us pass one of each suit 45 80 we got a 2 that that could be useful let us do 579 maybe the 6 would be better in there at least there is an even tile in there it is going to be probably 61 half dozen the other okay no no keepers this time we are going to keep going so let us do 457 let us see here we have news 3 i am thinking news concealed here is north and a 2 okay i am thinking news concealed we have a one or a 3 that we can use with the 2 that is going to mean we we are going to pass a white dragon this is a little bit risky but we have a hand with no gaps and we have our singles okay so let us pass 2 n and then let us see here it is kind of 61 half dozen the other really let us let the one go okay we have an option with the 3 bam there is an east there is an option to play maybe the firsthand i think what i would do here is pass 2 we are kind of in between the 1st hand and the concealed hand okay 23 with news probably there goes our tile right away we are playing concealed 0 what where what is our position we are let us see we have let us put these number tiles to the left so we can just differentiate them a little bit we have an option with our 3 we have a a news with no gaps we have an extra east so i would say we have 3 clear discard cards with an option so i would say we are probably a contender for this hand and again we are playing the concealed news hand there is a joker and by the way begin game red flag 0 tu b we passed that and somebody kept it we will get rid of it another early exposure so they are playing 4567 pong kong pong kong 4567 pun kong pun kong 2nd hand down on the right 2 exposures red flag okay 6 crack 9 crack let us throw 9 crack we are good there we can let the 7 go they are playing bams and dots over there we do not know yet what the other 2 are doing we can take a joker thank you okay now here is another exposure now we are this is 112 i am counting blocks of 41234 discards or 4 rounds of picks so we are still in the begin game the 1st 5 picks typically are going to be the that 2nd wall so aga made an early exposure that is a red flag so we have 2 robots with probable well developed hands ours is will develop too we have 2 discard or 3 this east needs to go we have 3 discards i would say we are we could be a front runner with one good pick i would still say we are a contender because we are playing a concealed hand we have to draw really well okay for bam my guess is they are not ready to win this early so i am going to risk it so i took the risk because because we are a contender we can take greater risk if we were an underdog i might try to find a way to use that for because this player across from us they needed that 4 there is another one of our tiles being discarded right there now another one i would probably let that go now and focus on the 3 crack or focus on news pong kong pong kong or kong pong pong kong wait a minute it is either kong pong pong kong or pong kong kong pong okay 2 crack we really do not need that at all let us see a 6 crack is on the left we do not know what they are doing yet 233 let us throw the 4 okay nobody wants the 3 bam okay now we have we are in the middle game now 3rd wall so that is not that big of a red flag once they have 2 exposures then it will increase so here we need to decide do we want to play an exposable hand or do we want to stay concealed and play that concealed hand if we expose i would probably play the pong kong kong pong and we would be able to act on the north and the south and then maybe the east if we want a chance a greater chance of winning we probably should call this and switch to an exposable hand because our our opponents all have exposures they are expediting their hand development we can do the same so let us let us do it let us pong we are going to play the firsthand so we are going to now let the risky tiles go maybe maybe the 2 dot will give us some joker exchange potential let us throw the 2 crack here let us call okay so now ign we can call the east but we need help with west we do not need one crack at all it is out so in 2 more picks 60 tiles remaining that is when we are going to discard one of the this 2 dot maybe our opponent on the left agota maybe they are playing a some kind of a 2468 hand who knows i suppose probably not though with a kong of 6s if so they would need pairs of 2s we probably should let those go right now because of the k of 6s if you look at the evens if they are even in that category the 2s are pairs for them with kongs of 6s because the 6s with pongs of 2s would be pongs 3rd hand down so and a 2 will not go all the way up to a 6 unless they are playing the 4th hand down and again let us see 234 it would be a pair so we need to expedite the develop the discarding of these tils we need to escalate them as discards so let us let it go okay it is already out we are good okay dragons we do not want to hold dragons 3 dot is out let us throw to let us see here we are at 53 tiles remaining 40 tiles remaining is the end game the last wall so we are still in the middle game i think our riskiest tile right now we do not have one the 3s are out nobody these players are not going to want to one and then the 3 dot is already out so these all these are probably safe okay now for crack that could be could be a keeper no okay we will call we will call okay now we need west 9 bam i see one out okay one crack is out we are we are in the end game now 40 tiles remaining last wall 0 we are going to need a joker now we got it we got a joker i would say we should play to win push we will push there are 2 jokers up for grabs right now 0 somebody got it we got close though one away all right so 5678 all right we are going to go play another game we have 2 pair 2s and 8s so we should play either 2 46 8 or 789 of some kind we actually have a hand in here already 7899 78992nd hand from the bottom because we have no 4s or 6s that 2 dot is not going to be helpful we have like numbers with 5s i think what we should do is let the green dragon go with a 2 and one of the 5 i do not want to get stuck with a pair we have a hand with no gaps thanks for coming karen okay so now let us keep the 8s that is in our range 789 and let us break break up the 2 we will give it to somebody else so 25 ah let us well no let us do that because we do not want to do a 24 and one suit either okay we got a keeper the 9 crack let us throw north green with a 4 we got an 8 so we have 8 n in here and we have like numbers with 2s i would probably discard this 8 crack and do 258 like that we have a 8 bam pair we a pong we may not use both 8s we got the 2 a 2 crack pair now i would not pass like numbers here i would let the 8 bam go because we have a hand with no gaps we have 78 paar pair pung n pung n 9 with flowers we need help with flowers but we have no gaps really the flowers would be the weakness we have a weakness too with a 7 manam that needs to be a pair so we have 2 weaknesses okay we have tiles we can pass we could do 51 but i think it would be better to break up the 23 because if we get keepers i do not want to pass a 23 in one suit we got we keep getting like numbers yikes okay now we are doing the optional west 4 with a one that is a pretty good pass we got the 8 back so we will keep it if we get a 7 dot we could play 789 mixu kongs 5th hand down on the right okay so it looks like let us see if someone discards 0 we got a flower that is awesome we do not know yet if someone kept that 2 well someone did keep the 2 let us let it go okay i would not call that with a joker there are plenty of flowers left we are just going to wait i would rather hold that joker for the 9 dot we could pung the 9 crack and the 9 dot and the 4 the flower we can use a joker or maybe draw another flower for a pure kong later i would not take that okay now 3 crack was just discarded we have a pair here somebody still might want a 3 crack and they are just not ready to call it cuz we are still in the begin game so let us just hold the 3 crack for a little bit and see what happens happens none of the robots are making early exposures at the moment which is interesting there is an early exposure with a joker red flag that is a red flag okay 6s 89 not not helpful really that is that really the 6 bam is not going to be helpful unless we play 67 8 flowers and let the 9 crack go let us just wait and see how we draw we are good let it go so there are 2 flowers out we will keep an eye on flowers we got a joker so let us let the 3 crack go all right good choice 0 we do not want to hold on to this this is going to get more and more risky as the game goes on wes may take it but that is okay i do not think they are ready to win this early so we are going to let it go now so they w ready to take it and my guess with 2 souths out is that they are playing east and west with a run let us let the 6 pm go we are looking for 9s we got a 9 band but that is out here we do not we do not need that there are 29 b out that is a pair for us we are going to ignore it we got a keeper all right so now if a if a one a flower goes down i would call at this point we have 2 discards we have an extra ap bam i would love to draw that 7 bam that is a weakness right now it is our only weakness we have one weakness we will call and p okay so they just got the west joker so now they have another joker 33 crack nobody wants so we are looking for a flower and then we will be ready to win on a 7 pm okay nobody wants one dot or 3 if a flower goes down will will kong i am hoping we will draw so they are doing 789 7 do or 6789 there are 2 6 dots out and there is a 7 dot out that is our tile there is only one more 0 no 7 dot 3 exposures this is a there is one out this would be an intolerable impact intolerable high risk we need a pair of 7s and there is only one more we fold we got the 7 we play a win we got lucky we are ready to win now that weakness filled in so that bumped us up in position so we want a flower or a joker you know what hold the phone 12 how many 7 dots 227 dots are out all right so their hand is still viable seemingly okay now that that was risky agota is playing to win exposure with a joker in the end game that is a red flag it does not matter though because we maang all right so aga on the left is ready to win on an 8 crack to the right ready to win on a 6 dot across from us one away from ready with a 6 dot okay i hope that you are finding this helpful please let me know in the comment section below what you think about highrisk sabotage the red flags and position and let me know if that has helped you in any way rewatch this if it if it is a little overwhelming watch it again if it is overwhelming and it is still not making sense or it is just too overwhelming just wait until you have gained confidence with the game and then watch it later and we are going to do this repeatedly so when you are ready you will be able to watch the videos and try to incorporate these concepts in your playing style so here we have a pair of 6s so that is where we start yep i folded and unfolded because we we strengthened a weakness and although that discard was high risk it was a intolerable risk but we are ready to win with that weakness taken care of and we were on a multiple weight where we could have one on a flower which the robots were discarding flowers and we could have also have gotten a joker so i thought it was worth the risk and i took it okay so now 6 dot and we have 345 we have a hand in here already 345 in bams 67 crack so let us start there we have 456 let us throw the 9 yeah in maan you can unfold okay we have a 88 crack pair so i would reassess here we have 6 dot and an 8 dot we have 2 clear discards so now we have to make a choice with a 6 dot and an 8 dot or 8 crack 345 we have a hand with no gaps so that is what i would focus on 3456 7 okay no keepers 68 no i would not keep these okay still no keepers here is 23 4 that can kind of give us an option if we happen to get a a 5 crack let us keep going okay no keepers here 7 bam 4.9 these really are not helpful this is a little bit risky 79 okay we have a 5 dot so we have 3456 no gaps 34 so i would let the 2 go here and pass fully all right we have a 6 bam 45 i would just fold it all in here okay 345 6 and bams 45 6 and dots 78 and cracks we have 3 through 8 that is way too wide of a spread we have one multiple the 6 dot i would say we are an underdog on this game we are going to play some kind of a consecutive hand i would say probably the 8 crack is our clear discard at the moment now we have a pair of flowers i would play a hand with flowers for sure so i think with a 6 dot pair and what we have remaining i would say mixit kongs or 45 6 here is 4561 suit kongs or we could do 5 bam 6 dot 7 crown mxit kongs so 3 discards and 2 hands potentially okay wow 4 flowers out yikes okay now we have 456 we h we let us see 56 7 we do have another hand in here now 2nd hand from the bottom flowers 5 6.774 flowers are out we got a joker let us see here i am thinking we should do 45 or 5 677 cu we can we can call a discard for the flower we can call for both 7s leaving us ready to win on a 5 i would play to win and i would say we are probably a front runner at this point our hand is is set we are going to be probably exposing jokers which is a bit risky okay now nobody has exposures that is a bit of a red flag let us hope that they are still working on gathering there is an exposure with a joker that was quick they go so quick there is an exposure with 2 jokers that is a red flag if someone makes an exposure with multiple jokers they are expediting so i would say that would be a red flag green is out we need to draw that 5 dot so somebody got a joker we are good there we got a keeper will call a pong we are one away from ready i would say we are a front runner we are still in the middle game that is our tile but we are not ready nice okay we are ready to win on a 5 dot ready to win before the end of the 3rd wall this is that that i guess it is a guideline if you can be ready to win by the end of the 3rd wall if you are thinking that you are a front runner and you make that goal i would say that that confirms your assessment of where you are we are ready to win and the all these i believe all the robots have been throwing flowers even though we do not i do not know why i said that we do not need a flower we need a 5 dot nobody wants the 5 dot so i think we are going to be okay here but we are waiting on one tile i would risk any discard i would play to win here somebody threw the 5 dot just a little while ago now if any of these are discarded i might stay concealed because if we reveal if we make an exposure with jokers in the end game we risk an exchange mak giving our opponents the ability to further develop their hand so so i would probably not call any of these and just keep the jokers to myself we are waiting for a 5 dot we are g to let it go we want to 5 dot 0 somebody got it it was in the wall all right let us try to play one more game okay we have news we have news and then we have 358156 378 like numbers with 8s like numbers with 5s like numbers with 3s news we have news and a flower let us see here this is going to be a challenging one i think i would focus on number tiles news 0 maybe a yearand because there there are year hands with winds kongs we could maybe play the concealed hand so let us keep the 5 of the 3s and then maybe do let us see here yeah we could do that one this is a tough one all right so there is an east and we have a 2 so we have our 1st multiple and east so that confirms a wind hand of some kind so let us pass 586 another east and we have a 3 we could do east and west with the year maybe maybe a south okay now we need to let something go we have a red a 9 since we have a a pong of east i would probably let one of the 3s go let us see what happens here we ended up with a 6 crack pair there is some potential in here for east and west with a run but that would require us to pass a 23 with a one i would not i do not think i would do that i think i would rather try for east and west with the year that would even use the flower so i would break up the 6 okay we are going to pass 30 well now look what showed up 234 east and west okay we have a 123 well 123 matching dragon even we have one discard but we have options we are in between hands or really in between categories even i would say a wind hand or maybe east and west with the year so i would say that we have at least 4 discards if not more because we are kind of in between i would say we are going to be an underdog until we draw more tiles we have we have too many discards right now we do not know if we are going to play winds or maybe a yearand with winds if we play a yearand with winds we do not need the north and south we would have to let a pearo i think i would rather play a wind hand all winds so that would mean we would have 56 discards red all right let us let the one crack go we have east and west with the dragon here going down hard okay so there is a a early exposure here no joker though another early exposure red flags okay there is a 2 crack pair let us throw the let us see here we may be able to do east and west with a run let us throw the dragon we could also maybe do east and west with the year although there are 3 white dragons out so if i do not think i would play a year hand here i would play probably east and west with 234 or all wins and let the number tiles go so there is another early exposure with a joker another red flag 2 exposures now one with 2 jokers big red flag so i would there is another exposure with a joker so i would bump us back probably to underdog at this point unless we are able to get these jokers to help us with east and west with a run that 3 crack is our tile and we can not call it it is a pair for us yeah one no we do not want that okay now i do not think we want this flower any way we slice and dice this so let us let it go now we got a south so with south in here i probably would play maybe the firstand and let the number tiles go unless we draw 3 crack let us see what are they playing here 46456 7 i think they are doing 456s here to the right in one suit on the left 56s 8 let us throw this 8 bam now 5 cracks 6 cracks 7 bam 8 bam on the left they seem to like the pong kong hands okay now here we have one suit kongs all the robots have 2 exposures that is a red flag okay now we are the 71 tiles this is probably going to be used by agoda for 4 or 5678 so if we are going to play to win we need to let this go now may call it but i do not think they are ready to win i would be surprised so they were not ready but they need that tile okay aga got the joker okay this should be safe nobody is going to want that a 8 we are not ready for the north i was just thinking maybe maybe if we get flowers we can cord because we could maybe still try for that flower hand with winds on 2nd thought no regrets though 0 we have a winner 0 it is that one su it is the dragon hand all right i think that will do it for this live stream we are at the top of the hour so i hope that you found this helpful i know that it is a bit more advanced than usual please give me some feedback let me know if you think this should be a topic for prime time rather than for beginners i am kind of leaning that way but i need another i need another beginner skill or saint tactics i guess that we could focus on to swap it out thank you so much for being here with me i appreciate it and maybe on both okay advance says sue i am kind of thinking it is advanced it is pretty advanced just as i was sharing it because i have never i have not shared this topic before and so i i am thinking it is pretty advanced touch on it before moving to the advanced do you mean refine it i know there is a couple corrections i need to make in there but i think it is good good i think the tactics are good the focus is good but i do think it is advanced so if you are a beginner and you are overwhelmed by it i apologize and i will see if i can arrange things a little differently and move this to prime time like an introduction to future lessons all right lots to think about moderators thank you so much for being here do not concentrate but say this is still being advanced 0 okay i see all right the next time we meet for nitty gritty basics let me just pull up let me share my screen here hold on okay 0 okay here we go website so i just want to go to the matrix if you look for the matrix you will see the schedule right here america rajang skills and strategies matrix okay so here we go skills and strategies matrix i saw your comment there kind of do a multi level so make that a level 2 like level one and level 2 kind of simplify it and still cover it on a simplified level i think is what you are talking about evelyn like a 101 and a 2011 or one 101 and yeah anyway okay so let us see the next time we meet you look for the ex is and we are going to do skill builders next next week we are going to be talking about skill builders so join us again next monday this will be a new focus so join us again and we will be able to play at i love mars they have got an excellent exercise room so if you want to practice between now and then go to i love ma and when you sign up use mj life you will get 3 weeks free trial and i am an affiliate partner there so i will get a small compensation or compensation i will get a small commission if you decide to become a paid member all right and we will be back again at 4 we are gna do a marathon we are going to do marathons we are going to talk about competitive play for prime time time so that will probably be more advanced if you are an intermediate player you might enjoy it and for any of those players who have a competitive streak it will be a good one for you too so i hope to see you back again at 4 in the meantime thank you so much for watching my videos and for sharing about this channel with your friends if you like this video give me a thumbs up if you have not subscribed to my channel consider subscribing click the little gray bell if you do that way you will get notification for when i post new videos and you will not miss an opportunity to learn a new strategy or pick up an insight to the game that could give you an advantage at the table between now and the next video may all your picks bee keepers he	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YJIQXZw_yXY
555.514188	when you pass on ramps make sure check them to make sure there's no one coming down right next to you kind of sneaking up on you because they're coming over your shoulder watch his motorcycle he's quite getting off of it make sure he doesn't try to slow down here sometimes motorcycles don't even look they drive their bikes like they drive their cars which is not good indicating each other you know he could just say I'm gonna bike I think a lot of motorcyclists don't check their mirrors they kind of end up being like I'm in a bike I can do whatever I'm going faster in the rails and they don't realize there's another bike right next to them coming up on him let's do this diamond leaning again if you can I just got this I didn't realize what's gonna stop right there perfect but remember that's just a piece of this is a stripe of paint on the ground that's not a wall that's not a fence even though they're not supposed to cross that double-double even if they have people enough people it's a couple you're not supposed to cross over that double-double this is the way I didn't do it before but people do it all the time anyway so just cuz that's the rules doesn't mean you're perfectly safe you know hug that corner hug that edge and you know coming around here these are all blind everyone there's a blind corner see unless you're right on top of them they don't know you're even here because it's a court the way that the roads bending they might decide oh here's the space behind this guy and they start to pop out and right in front of me very very possible very very possible now here you know they can kind of see farther down the turn so they can see me better when you come up on brake lights start aiming for between cars always just in case you come in too hot you might buy yourself an extra foot that you need instead of hitting something I don't care where you've draw a ride I don't care if you know if it's again United States and not in California so technically you're not allowed to split you're not splitting you're trying to just stop instead of hitting the cars you're not like splitting here and then continue going on you're stopping but if you do if you come up too fast you want to have a little space in between the space in between can save you so start aiming immediately for it even if you don't need it to start aiming for it because you want to practice that maneuver that's one of the best things about splitting justing looking for slots to fit into which is very important and what is the bad thing about not allowing it is that people don't practice that because you know they're not allowed they just never think about it they're always looking at license plates that's the worst thing you can target right in the middle of the vehicle in front so you see I'm going here I'm splitting off the same going faster than everyone else but I'm not trying to fly around here at 50 just because this is a broom for it cuz I don't know who's gonna decide to try to change lanes from one side or the other and when they do change lanes at this speed they're going so slow they're not going to get out of your way like in other words if you see people changing lanes and we're all moving pretty quick but the lane change is fast because we're all going us for 10 60 miles an hour so the lane change happens at 60 miles an hour when these guys are stopped or they're doing like three you know three miles an hour is very slow that's like walking speed so they're just barely get halfway across the line and then they get blocked because the other Lane stopped or they you know are still getting across but it's so slow and you come flying along here at 40 there's a good chance you're not gonna be able to stop in time and we're now here you are boxed in now you really have nowhere to go because you're in this little Canyon what if that guy pulls out where am I supposed to turn to avoid hitting him if I'm doing 40 you know or 30 and they're doing you know five so you need to give yourself an exit and not and definitely don't assume just cuz I want to do this thing everyone is gonna get out of my way or stay out of my way that's a terrible presumption and the only thing that's gonna happen fast as your day is gonna suck and you might get away with it one week two weeks you might get away with it for five years but driving like that eventually the odds of catch up with you because there's so many bad drivers you're not gonna be lucky forever unless you don't bribe in a big city then maybe you know there's not that many people around actually the truck behind me just shifted lanes so they were probably thinking about it and as I went by don't drive next to people that's the bad idea this is good we're not near anyone's doors for a second here I'm going to buy it and go buy this giant bus of course let's see how that works out no no this sides moving along well belt there we go they worked out now this diamond lane and soon so some of these people might be thinking I don't have to wait you know honor those stripes anymore see there it is now as free-for-all everyone can do anything they want and we're at the same time we're merging with another freeway the five though or the five is dumping onto here we're not merging with it it's their their off-ramp is getting onto this freeway if you're going slow a slight wave like this is not a bad idea just to keep people attention on you when you're when they're trying to merge they're looking over here they looking for over there they're not sure if you're using the whole lane maybe they want to try to share it with you well you do something like this and they kind of realized oh yeah he's there or she's there could be she you want it to look like I'm here and don't don't try to cut in front of me around me you don't get near me don't you don't move into my lane you want to be you want to occupy this de Lane sounds like it might rain I hope it doesn't thirty minutes from home and the rain wasn't the plan and keep your eye out for guys like this now I wouldn't say he was doing bad I mean I came into the lane the same time he did does there's nothing you know he's gonna do his thing too and you can't look 24 you know 360 all the time so it's your job to pay attention when someone's doing something stupid obviously you're watching out but even if they're doing something normal it just happens to be kind of close to you that's not the end of the world there's no reason to get mad or we're gonna Rev your engine or whatever although I think revving your engine is kind of dumb I don't know why people do that they think that anyone gives a about your engine you know use your horn that's what it's for and get a valid warrant first of all mine came it's a sad little easy thing that sound like a goat that died three days ago [Music] the ground wet emitter did rain here maybe just stopped hope we're in famous [Music]	when you pass on ramps make sure check them to make sure there is no one coming down right next to you kind of sneaking up on you because they are coming over your shoulder watch his motorcycle he is quite getting off of it make sure he does not try to slow down here sometimes motorcycles do not even look they drive their bikes like they drive their cars which is not good indicating each other you know he could just say i am going to bike i think a lot of motorcyclists do not check their mirrors they kind of end up being like i am in a bike i can do whatever i am going faster in the rails and they do not realize there is another bike right next to them coming up on him let us do this diamond leaning again if you can i just got this i did not realize what is going to stop right there perfect but remember that is just a piece of this is a stripe of paint on the ground that is not a wall that is not a fence even though they are not supposed to cross that double double even if they have people enough people it is a couple you are not supposed to cross over that double double this is the way i did not do it before but people do it all the time anyway so just cuz that is the rules does not mean you are perfectly safe you know hug that corner hug that edge and you know coming around here these are all blind everyone there is a blind corner see unless you are right on top of them they do not know you are even here because it is a court the way that the roads bending they might decide 0 here is the space behind this guy and they start to pop out and right in front of me very very possible very very possible now here you know they can kind of see farther down the turn so they can see me better when you come up on brake lights start aiming for between cars always just in case you come in too hot you might buy yourself an extra foot that you need instead of hitting something i do not care where you have draw a ride i do not care if you know if it is again united states and not in california so technically you are not allowed to split you are not splitting you are trying to just stop instead of hitting the cars you are not like splitting here and then continue going on you are stopping but if you do if you come up too fast you want to have a little space in between the space in between can save you so start aiming immediately for it even if you do not need it to start aiming for it because you want to practice that maneuver that is one of the best things about splitting justing looking for slots to fit into which is very important and what is the bad thing about not allowing it is that people do not practice that because you know they are not allowed they just never think about it they are always looking at license plates that is the worst thing you can target right in the middle of the vehicle in front so you see i am going here i am splitting off the same going faster than everyone else but i am not trying to fly around here at 50 just because this is a broom for it cuz i do not know who is going to decide to try to change lanes from one side or the other and when they do change lanes at this speed they are going so slow they are not going to get out of your way like in other words if you see people changing lanes and we are all moving pretty quick but the lane change is fast because we are all going us for 10 60 miles an hour so the lane change happens at 60 miles an hour when these guys are stopped or they are doing like 3 you know 3 miles an hour is very slow that is like walking speed so they are just barely get halfway across the line and then they get blocked because the other lane stopped or they you know are still getting across but it is so slow and you come flying along here at 40 there is a good chance you are not going to be able to stop in time and we are now here you are boxed in now you really have nowhere to go because you are in this little canyon what if that guy pulls out where am i supposed to turn to avoid hitting him if i am doing 40 you know or 30 and they are doing you know 5 so you need to give yourself an exit and not and definitely do not assume just cuz i want to do this thing everyone is going to get out of my way or stay out of my way that is a terrible presumption and the only thing that is going to happen fast as your day is going to suck and you might get away with it one week 2 weeks you might get away with it for 5 years but driving like that eventually the odds of catch up with you because there is so many bad drivers you are not going to be lucky forever unless you do not bribe in a big city then maybe you know there is not that many people around actually the truck behind me just shifted lanes so they were probably thinking about it and as i went by do not drive next to people that is the bad idea this is good we are not near anyone is doors for a 2nd here i am going to buy it and go buy this giant bus of course let us see how that works out no no this sides moving along well belt there we go they worked out now this diamond lane and soon so some of these people might be thinking i do not have to wait you know honor those stripes anymore see there it is now as free for all everyone can do anything they want and we are at the same time we are merging with another freeway the 5 though or the 5 is dumping onto here we are not merging with it it is their their off ramp is getting onto this freeway if you are going slow a slight wave like this is not a bad idea just to keep people attention on you when you are when they are trying to merge they are looking over here they looking for over there they are not sure if you are using the whole lane maybe they want to try to share it with you well you do something like this and they kind of realized 0 yeah he is there or she is there could be she you want it to look like i am here and do not do not try to cut in front of me around me you do not get near me do not you do not move into my lane you want to be you want to occupy this de lane sounds like it might rain i hope it does not 30 minutes from home and the rain was not the plan and keep your eye out for guys like this now i would not say he was doing bad i mean i came into the lane the same time he did does there is nothing you know he is going to do his thing too and you can not look 24 you know 360 all the time so it is your job to pay attention when someone is doing something stupid obviously you are watching out but even if they are doing something normal it just happens to be kind of close to you that is not the end of the world there is no reason to get mad or we are going to reverend your engine or whatever although i think revving your engine is kind of dumb i do not know why people do that they think that anyone gives a about your engine you know use your horn that is what it is for and get a valid warrant 1st of all mine came it is a sad little easy thing that sound like a goat that died 3 days ago the ground wet emitter did rain here maybe just stopped hope we are in famous	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HmePQfkCgIM
129.195812	this is cos forage sorghum we've had people actually nickname this the strickler sorghum because it's short and cheap really cheap it is an inexpensive sorghum because it's open pollinated so you don't have to do a male female cross we can do our own seed production of this and really for the cost you get a lot of value out of this now this is not a new product it's it's kind of new back on the market this has developed what 50 60 70 years ago by the ars out in akron colorado because it was developed in that high altitude area we tend to think that it does better with some cooler evenings and that higher elevations you can see it's putting seed heads on it's actually classified as a dual purpose sorghum uh for either grain or forage uh again not going to have the high end yield potential of some of the hybrids but dale when and where would you use this coast sorghum well you know just like this year you know we're in the summer 22 right now and we've had severe drought and of course when you're in uncertain circumstances sometimes the best option is to risk the least money yeah but that very seldom is the best option to just plant nothing so getting something cheap out there get that ground covered the the cheapest cover you can have and a lot of times the this coast fits that bill and it can be used as a silage crop it can be used as a hay crop can be used as a grazing crop it's pretty versatile it's not great at anything but it's good at a lot of things and again it's cheap and that's hard to beat so so it's probably half the cost of like a top-line bmr sorghum but you're getting way more than half the value and the benefit out of it with not much risk it's you know 75 of the benefit for half the cost you	this is cos forage sorghum we have had people actually nickname this the strickler sorghum because it is short and cheap really cheap it is an inexpensive sorghum because it is open pollinated so you do not have to do a male female cross we can do our own seed production of this and really for the cost you get a lot of value out of this now this is not a new product it is it is kind of new back on the market this has developed what 50 60 70 years ago by the ars out in akron colorado because it was developed in that high altitude area we tend to think that it does better with some cooler evenings and that higher elevations you can see it is putting seed heads on it is actually classified as a dual purpose sorghum for either grain or forage again not going to have the high end yield potential of some of the hybrids but dale when and where would you use this coast sorghum well you know just like this year you know we are in the summer 22 right now and we have had severe drought and of course when you are in uncertain circumstances sometimes the best option is to risk the least money yeah but that very seldom is the best option to just plant nothing so getting something cheap out there get that ground covered the the cheapest cover you can have and a lot of times the this coast fits that bill and it can be used as a silage crop it can be used as a hay crop can be used as a grazing crop it is pretty versatile it is not great at anything but it is good at a lot of things and again it is cheap and that is hard to beat so so it is probably half the cost of like a top line bmr sorghum but you are getting way more than half the value and the benefit out of it with not much risk it is you know 75 of the benefit for half the cost you	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vsd0n93nzns
875.345875	[Music] hey hi folks how are you i hope all of you are doing good and hell and hearty healthy sound enjoying life now we are going to take up another problem on congruent triangles and you must be cursing me that if someone is doing congruent triangles how can life be good but that's how it is right and i think questions are good and it gives us a lot of mental exercise and we learn how to solve problems so hence i like geometry proving problems i hope if you're also keen on doing geometries then you have to solve more and more problems right so what's the problem here the question says uh ac is equal to bc okay where is ac okay this is ac this is bc and dc a so b c a is equal to e c b e c b i hope you are able to wait a minute let me change this yeah so what i'm saying is this angle here is these angles these are two equal angles clear okay and also angle this a is equal to angle b which is also given okay so let me just remove those highlighted arrows now we have to prove that triangle dbc where is dbc let's highlight d here and check d b c is uh congruent to e a c e a c okay and hence obviously the moment they are congruent lots of other things can be found out we'll see dc is equal to ec and bd is equal to a and all that but i am going to complicate this problem once again and uh what i'm thinking of doing is why don't we join be again and why don't we join d a as well okay now can we prove this so over and above whatever is given can we prove that triangle a db adb is congruent to triangle e a b e a a d b a d b b e a that's fun and hence can you prove that a d is equal to a d is equal to b e this is what is the extra thing you have to do so let's do some mental exercise don't worry first we'll prove what is given and then we'll try and go there okay so let's go about the proof what is to be proven so as we have been doing let's write given so what's given ac is equal to bc no doubt about it ac is equal to bc this is given and what else angle dc a dc a check dca where is dca c a d c a yeah is equal to um e c b e c b s right e c and b very good and dbc angle dbc where is dbc let's check b d is here b is here c is here so this angle is equal to e ac s is equal to angle e a c folks right let me write it a little better way because clarity of mind is what we are seeking so e ac e right properly e a c correct what do we need to prove prove that to prove to prove what do we need to prove triangle what d bc so d bc is congruent to triangle eac e a c and for that what all do we need one thing you wouldn't have seen dbc right so dbc one thing is anyways given ac is equal to bc so that's given also [Music] one angle is also equal if you check see first is this side is equal to this side and this angle anyways is equal to this angle between the two triangles i hope you are able to identify the two triangles we are talking about if not let me draw this for you so this is the first triangle this is the first triangle and the second triangle is this right so just to highlight okay and then i will take it away just to find it so this and this right these two triangles are to prove it we have to prove that these two are equal congruent let me take away all of this otherwise you'll get utterly confused i hope so i'm taking away all this yes right so now so yes so now the picture the two triangles are clear in your mind so let's go about it so in to prove in this triangle so let's say in triangle dbc triangle d bc and triangle e ac what all is known what do we see so one is clearly angle eac or deep angle dbc itself d b c itself is equal to angle e ac so point number one one angle is established to be equal which one i'm talking about this one here this is equal to this right and ac is equal to or in this case the side will be bc so right b c is equal to ac so i'm getting a so if you see this is the a then this is the s so we need one more a and we're done what is that a so either the top angles top angle meaning this d is equal to a e but that's what we have to prove actually see we have to is it no we don't need to prove that but anyways we don't know whether d is equal to e but we know one more thing what is that look at this let me write it here so if you see angle ace a c e is equal to angle bce or let me write e c d trace the points e c d e c d plus plus let me for the convenience sake let me write this angle as x okay and this angle also will be x because that's given so e c d plus x okay and angle b c d p c d is also angle e c d plus x check both are true isn't it ecd happens to be the common angle and x you add to both you'll get to the two of these angles so hence from these two together i can say here and say angle a so first i'll write bcd because i have taken that triangle in the left hand side so angle b b um c d right so b c d is equal to c this one will be equal to angle a c e and turn on so hence the t so we get the third a right so a so a s a criteria fulfilled right then we can say that these two triangles are congruent hence dear friends triangle dbc is congruent to triangle eac right and the moment you say that the entire thing whatever is asked for is actually true so dc where is dc so dc and ec are the cpc right so ncc dc and ec so you can write dc is equal to ec current so this is established and bd is equal to ae so where is bd check bd again this is also ct cpct so this bd and this a will be equal so hence you'll write b d is equal to a e true both are true and reason is congruent parts of sorry corresponding parts of components now the evil mind what we'll do is we'll connect a d n b e do you think these two triangles are also congruent this one adb and b e a can we do that um yes they are and let's look at these two triangles very carefully a d b and a e b right these two triangles clearly a b happens to be the common side right and this angle here this one the e a b is equal to b b a it's also given equal and third we just proved that bd is equal to a e isn't it we just proved that isn't it so hence hence let me now draw further so you see triangle a db mark the point so a db i'm taking first adb again draw it properly a b b triangle adb a d b and triangle b e a interesting these two right what will happen there clearly this a b is equal to b a corresponding side c common size so a b is equal to b a no doubt about it what else we also know that angle abd is equal to angle bae who says i am not saying anything the question is saying right abd um where is it um or is it so yeah abd where was it given a b yeah that is cbd is abd actually so it's given here see abd or abd or cbd same thing right so and e a c e a c is equal to e a b yep so hence these two are also equal and what else we just proved that bd is equal to ae right from where from where from here right bd is equal to a so this again if you see this is s a and s friends so by sas i can say i can say what can i say i can say by sas s a s congruence criteria i can say again a b d triangle a b d is congruent a b d a b d is equal to triangle or whatever we had mentioned we should be mentioning the same this thing so let's not change the change order of the points so adb had written so let's write adb only and this is congruent to triangle b e a b e a perfect right the moment a d b is congruent to b e a we don't need to do much here so again a d will be equal to b e and that is cpcd and hence the extended version of the question is also done and likewise if you want to really extend it further these are some food for thought for you so you can prove d o is equal to o e o a is equal to ob all that right so and yeah so these are you can establish also if this is m this is let's say this point is m this point is n so you can check m c m will be equal to c n also right om will be equal to o n so much so many symmetrical results you can establish and here is how questions are set they will ask you prove that om is good o n correct and that will be extended version of what we just saw which appear to be very very simple so these are food for thought try to prove om is equal to o n o d is equal to oe m a is equal to nb cm is equal to cn lots of lots of things you can do in one problem itself you can do lots of proving things okay so i hope you understood what was the learning in this session learning is we must be very very clear with the four rules of congruences secondly we must be very you know be able to identify the right triangles where you can find out equal parts right so identifying the right set of triangles also is an art it will happen not overnight it will take some time so solve keep solving all such problems and you will see eventually you will be able to find out exactly which two triangles to be found out and made congruent so that the given or the demand of the question can be made i hope you understood this so let's meet again next session new question okay till then bye take care [Music] you	hey hi folks how are you i hope all of you are doing good and hell and hearty healthy sound enjoying life now we are going to take up another problem on congruent triangles and you must be cursing me that if someone is doing congruent triangles how can life be good but that is how it is right and i think questions are good and it gives us a lot of mental exercise and we learn how to solve problems so hence i like geometry proving problems i hope if you are also keen on doing geometries then you have to solve more and more problems right so what is the problem here the question says ac is equal to bc okay where is ac okay this is ac this is bc and dc a so b c a is equal to e c b e c b i hope you are able to wait a minute let me change this yeah so what i am saying is this angle here is these angles these are 2 equal angles clear okay and also angle this a is equal to angle b which is also given okay so let me just remove those highlighted arrows now we have to prove that triangle dbc where is dbc let us highlight d here and check d b c is congruent to e a c e a c okay and hence obviously the moment they are congruent lots of other things can be found out we will see dc is equal to ec and bd is equal to a and all that but i am going to complicate this problem once again and what i am thinking of doing is why do not we join be again and why do not we join d a as well okay now can we prove this so over and above whatever is given can we prove that triangle a db adb is congruent to triangle e a b e a a d b a d b b e a that is fun and hence can you prove that a d is equal to a d is equal to b e this is what is the extra thing you have to do so let us do some mental exercise do not worry 1st we will prove what is given and then we will try and go there okay so let us go about the proof what is to be proven so as we have been doing let us write given so what is given ac is equal to bc no doubt about it ac is equal to bc this is given and what else angle dc a dc a check dca where is dca c a d c a yeah is equal to e c b e c b s right e c and b very good and dbc angle dbc where is dbc let us check b d is here b is here c is here so this angle is equal to e ac s is equal to angle e a c folks right let me write it a little better way because clarity of mind is what we are seeking so e ac e right properly e a c correct what do we need to prove prove that to prove to prove what do we need to prove triangle what d bc so d bc is congruent to triangle eac e a c and for that what all do we need one thing you would not have seen dbc right so dbc one thing is anyways given ac is equal to bc so that is given also one angle is also equal if you check see 1st is this side is equal to this side and this angle anyways is equal to this angle between the 2 triangles i hope you are able to identify the 2 triangles we are talking about if not let me draw this for you so this is the 1st triangle this is the 1st triangle and the 2nd triangle is this right so just to highlight okay and then i will take it away just to find it so this and this right these 2 triangles are to prove it we have to prove that these 2 are equal congruent let me take away all of this otherwise you will get utterly confused i hope so i am taking away all this yes right so now so yes so now the picture the 2 triangles are clear in your mind so let us go about it so in to prove in this triangle so let us say in triangle dbc triangle d bc and triangle e ac what all is known what do we see so one is clearly angle eac or deep angle dbc itself d b c itself is equal to angle e ac so point number 11 angle is established to be equal which one i am talking about this one here this is equal to this right and ac is equal to or in this case the side will be bc so right b c is equal to ac so i am getting a so if you see this is the a then this is the s so we need one more a and we are done what is that a so either the top angles top angle meaning this d is equal to a e but that is what we have to prove actually see we have to is it no we do not need to prove that but anyways we do not know whether d is equal to e but we know one more thing what is that look at this let me write it here so if you see angle ace a c e is equal to angle bce or let me write e c d trace the points e c d e c d plus let me for the convenience sake let me write this angle as x okay and this angle also will be x because that is given so e c d plus x okay and angle b c d p c d is also angle e c d plus x check both are true is not it ecd happens to be the common angle and x you add to both you will get to the 2 of these angles so hence from these 2 together i can say here and say angle a so 1st i will write bcd because i have taken that triangle in the left hand side so angle b b c d right so b c d is equal to c this one will be equal to angle a c e and turn on so hence the t so we get the 3rd a right so a so a s a criteria fulfilled right then we can say that these 2 triangles are congruent hence dear friends triangle dbc is congruent to triangle eac right and the moment you say that the entire thing whatever is asked for is actually true so dc where is dc so dc and ec are the cpc right so ncc dc and ec so you can write dc is equal to ec current so this is established and bd is equal to ae so where is bd check bd again this is also ct cpct so this bd and this a will be equal so hence you will write b d is equal to a e true both are true and reason is congruent parts of sorry corresponding parts of components now the evil mind what we will do is we will connect a d n b e do you think these 2 triangles are also congruent this one adb and b e a can we do that yes they are and let us look at these 2 triangles very carefully a d b and a e b right these 2 triangles clearly a b happens to be the common side right and this angle here this one the e a b is equal to b b a it is also given equal and 3rd we just proved that bd is equal to a e is not it we just proved that is not it so hence hence let me now draw further so you see triangle a db mark the point so a db i am taking 1st adb again draw it properly a b b triangle adb a d b and triangle b e a interesting these 2 right what will happen there clearly this a b is equal to b a corresponding side c common size so a b is equal to b a no doubt about it what else we also know that angle abd is equal to angle bae who says i am not saying anything the question is saying right abd where is it or is it so yeah abd where was it given a b yeah that is cbd is abd actually so it is given here see abd or abd or cbd same thing right so and e a c e a c is equal to e a b yep so hence these 2 are also equal and what else we just proved that bd is equal to ae right from where from where from here right bd is equal to a so this again if you see this is s a and s friends so by sas i can say i can say what can i say i can say by sas s a s congruence criteria i can say again a b d triangle a b d is congruent a b d a b d is equal to triangle or whatever we had mentioned we should be mentioning the same this thing so let us not change the change order of the points so adb had written so let us write adb only and this is congruent to triangle b e a b e a perfect right the moment a d b is congruent to b e a we do not need to do much here so again a d will be equal to b e and that is cpcd and hence the extended version of the question is also done and likewise if you want to really extend it further these are some food for thought for you so you can prove d 0 is equal to 0 e 0 a is equal to ob all that right so and yeah so these are you can establish also if this is m this is let us say this point is m this point is n so you can check m c m will be equal to c n also right om will be equal to 0 n so much so many symmetrical results you can establish and here is how questions are set they will ask you prove that om is good 0 n correct and that will be extended version of what we just saw which appear to be very very simple so these are food for thought try to prove om is equal to 0 n 0 d is equal to oe m a is equal to nb cm is equal to cn lots of lots of things you can do in one problem itself you can do lots of proving things okay so i hope you understood what was the learning in this session learning is we must be very very clear with the 4 rules of congruences secondly we must be very you know be able to identify the right triangles where you can find out equal parts right so identifying the right set of triangles also is an art it will happen not overnight it will take some time so solve keep solving all such problems and you will see eventually you will be able to find out exactly which 2 triangles to be found out and made congruent so that the given or the demand of the question can be made i hope you understood this so let us meet again next session new question okay till then bye take care you	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4AWE5Tj7w9E
790.267938	hey guys how's it going so in this video we are going to go over the bisection method which is a numerical method to find out the root of an equation so basically for example if you have a function let's say f of x then you find out the values of x for which the function equals zero so the need for uh such numerical methods basically arises from the fact that sometimes it is very difficult to do or perform a symbolic computation for example if i ask you to find out the roots of a function f of x defined as sine of let's say the cosine of let's say the exponential of x now as you can imagine you wouldn't want to be finding out the roots of such a function by hand of course but if you have access to a computer as well as a programming language that actually it is very easy to find out the rules of such a function by writing some code using the numerical techniques such as the bisection method that we are going to learn today so here i have a function f of x that i have plotted as you can see over here and as you can see that the rule of the function lies somewhere here now what we are going to do in bisection method is we are going to come up with some initial guesses a and b let's say the a lies here and the b point lies here so basically we are going to come up with some initial guesses for x values that are supposed to bracket the root that is the root must belong within the interval a and b so now you might ask me that okay that sounds a bit weird you're telling me that i need to come up with two initial guesses a and b and ensure that they bracket the root that is the root lies within those points i don't even know what the rule is yet i'm going to use this method to find out the rule of the equation so how can i make sure that the answer is actually very simple you can very easily verify or ensure that these initial guesses bracket the root by doing the following when you just check whether f of a multiplied by f of b is less than zero or not if f of a multiplied by f of b is less than zero then it implies that the root lies within the interval a and b now why do i say so so let's have a look over here so here i say that the value of the function at x equals to a is f of a and similarly the value of the function at x equals to b is actually f of b now as you can see very easily that f of a is actually positive while f of b is actually negative therefore the multiplication or the product of f of a and f of b is of course going to be negative and in such a scenario where the root is within these points then of course this product is going to be negative and you can see over here that the function f of x when it is based when it passes through the roots root it actually changes sign from positive to negative so basically what i'm saying is that whenever your function passes through the root it changes its sign thereby ensuring that the product of f of a and f of b if they bracket the root is going to be negative similar situation can happen when let's say your function goes from negative to positive it passes through the root in this direction in this direction of course the f of a would be negative and f of b would be positive and thereby again the product of these two would be less than zero or rather negative therefore so it is a very simple thing to ensure that your initial guess is graphically root or not now what is the next step so the next step would be to calculate the value of c defined as a plus b divided by 2. so what we are basically doing is we are bisecting this interval a b into half so this would be our c and that is why this method is actually known as the bisection method because you start some with some interval using your initial guesses a and b and you keep on dividing or bisecting this interval until you narrow down your route within some error limits so as you can see over here that our new um point c is right at the middle of a and b so this basically is your first iteration of the bisection method as you might know that the numerical methods are iterational in nature so you perform various iterations so similarly here we have made the first iteration where we have calculated the value of c now in the next hydration what we are going to do is we are going to check whether the root lies within the interval a and c or does it lie within the interval c and b and we will adjust our initial guesses or rather the um guess rate accordingly so as you can very easily see here that the root actually lies within the interval a and c therefore what we do is that in the next iteration iteration two maybe and we calculate the lower bound of the initial guess that is let's call it a prime um we let it remain a however the upper bound that was earlier b let's call it b prime now actually becomes c this time so basically now we readjust or redefine our root or rather we narrow down our search window to this interval a and c over here so this is extremely useful because at each iteration you are basically dividing the interval in half and hence narrowing down your search window for the root and you keep on repeating it now here i could tell that the root lies within anc by just looking at the graph however in reality you won't of course have an access to such a graph so you will again as i have stated already you will do something like that like this you will do a calculation of f of a multiplied by f of c and check whether it is less positive or negative and similarly you will calculate f of c multiplied by f of b and check whether it is positive or negative and if this is negative then of course you know that the root lies within a and c however if this is negative then you know that root lies between c and b so in that case you will say that the root lies between c and b as highlighted over here as well however in our case actually the root lies between a and c as highlighted using the green highlighter and the next step would again be to calculate some new c let's call it c prime and this would basically be a prime plus b prime divided by two and in our case it is basically a plus c divided by two and we keep on creating new iterations where we keep on bisecting our search window we start from a and b initial guesses we narrowed them down we check whether which half of the um initial interval contains the root and then we adjust our interval according to that and we keep on doing so so that basically is the idea of the bisection method now you might be wondering when do i stop you say that i keep on finding the new values of c rehydration and keep adjusting my search window but when do i actually stop so the condition for stopping is actually very simple basically stop when your f of c or rather the absolute value of f of c is less than some error limit that you may have so maybe something like 10 to the minus 6 maybe that is good enough for you or whatever is good enough for you you terminate your iterations then now let's try to do an example because i believe that these methods are best explained when we are working with some examples so let's work on an example where we calculate the root of an equation given by x squared minus four so symbolically or analytically it is very easy to see that x squared minus 4 equals 0 that means the roots are basically plus minus 2 so we have two roots in this case either plus two or minus two so since there are two roots um you cannot really find out both the roots simultaneously in bisection methods so in order to find out the positive root you will have to have initial guesses according to that and similarly in order to find out the negative root you will have to adjust your initial guesses accordingly for example for negative root you will need negative initial guesses and similarly for positive root you will require either at least one positive value of the initial guess so these are the analytical roots and now let's try to find the um numerical root using the bisection method so what should we use for our initial guesses i guess in order to make the computation very fast i will use a very good initial guess that is a equal zero and b equals eight so at the first iteration iteration number one i'm going to be calculating c equals a plus b by 2 and that gives us 8 over 2 that is 4 so our midpoint of a and b is 4. now we check whether the root lies between a and c or does it lie between c and b so we do f of a multiplied by f of c which is equal to zero squared minus four multiplied by four squared minus four and that is equal to minus four times sixteen minus four 412 that is minus 48 which is negative now since f of a multiplied by f of c is less than zero therefore we know that this condition over here is is true completely true now before we move on to the next titration what we might want to do is we might want to check whether we we have reached very close to the root or not and we do that by checking the value of f of c now here we can see that the absolute value of f of c is actually 12 and this is very far from zero so of course this cannot be a root so next we go to the next iteration this time we set our a as the starting a that was zero however our b now becomes equal to c the previous c which was four and now we calculate the value of c which is basically two this time because four a plus b zero plus four divided by two is two now this we already know is a root but uh if it was a computer doing this then of course the computer would check whether the absolute value of f of c lies within some error limits let's say 10 to the minus 6 and here of course the value of f of c is actually 0 which is of course less than 10 to the minus 6 and that means we have succeeded in finding the root so that is basically the gist of the bisection method you start with some initial window bracketing your route and then you keep on narrowing down your search by dividing this initial window in half at each step so that is it i hope you guys enjoyed this tutorial in my next few tutorials i will be talking about the error as well as the order of the bisection method the error basically will help you understand how many iterations you will need to make to get the value of the root within some error limits similarly the order of the bisection method will basically tell you how fast your bisection method converges to your root and of course i will be making some videos on newton-raphson method secret method fixed point iteration method and so on so stay tuned and subscribe to the channel for such videos and in case you guys enjoy this video then don't forget to the like button thanks for watching and have a great day	hey guys how is it going so in this video we are going to go over the bisection method which is a numerical method to find out the root of an equation so basically for example if you have a function let us say f of x then you find out the values of x for which the function equals 0 so the need for such numerical methods basically arises from the fact that sometimes it is very difficult to do or perform a symbolic computation for example if i ask you to find out the roots of a function f of x defined as sine of let us say the cosine of let us say the exponential of x now as you can imagine you would not want to be finding out the roots of such a function by hand of course but if you have access to a computer as well as a programming language that actually it is very easy to find out the rules of such a function by writing some code using the numerical techniques such as the bisection method that we are going to learn today so here i have a function f of x that i have plotted as you can see over here and as you can see that the rule of the function lies somewhere here now what we are going to do in bisection method is we are going to come up with some initial guesses a and b let us say the a lies here and the b point lies here so basically we are going to come up with some initial guesses for x values that are supposed to bracket the root that is the root must belong within the interval a and b so now you might ask me that okay that sounds a bit weird you are telling me that i need to come up with 2 initial guesses a and b and ensure that they bracket the root that is the root lies within those points i do not even know what the rule is yet i am going to use this method to find out the rule of the equation so how can i make sure that the answer is actually very simple you can very easily verify or ensure that these initial guesses bracket the root by doing the following when you just check whether f of a multiplied by f of b is less than 0 or not if f of a multiplied by f of b is less than 0 then it implies that the root lies within the interval a and b now why do i say so so let us have a look over here so here i say that the value of the function at x equals to a is f of a and similarly the value of the function at x equals to b is actually f of b now as you can see very easily that f of a is actually positive while f of b is actually negative therefore the multiplication or the product of f of a and f of b is of course going to be and in such a scenario where the root is within these points then of course this product is going to be and you can see over here that the function f of x when it is based when it passes through the roots root it actually changes sign from positive to negative so basically what i am saying is that whenever your function passes through the root it changes its sign thereby ensuring that the product of f of a and f of b if they bracket the root is going to be negative similar situation can happen when let us say your function goes from negative to positive it passes through the root in this direction in this direction of course the f of a would be and f of b would be and thereby again the product of these 2 would be less than 0 or rather negative therefore so it is a very simple thing to ensure that your initial guess is graphically root or not now what is the next step so the next step would be to calculate the value of c defined as a plus b divided by 2 so what we are basically doing is we are bisecting this interval a b into half so this would be our c and that is why this method is actually known as the bisection method because you start some with some interval using your initial guesses a and b and you keep on dividing or bisecting this interval until you narrow down your route within some error limits so as you can see over here that our new point c is right at the middle of a and b so this basically is your 1st iteration of the bisection method as you might know that the numerical methods are iterational in nature so you perform various iterations so similarly here we have made the 1st iteration where we have calculated the value of c now in the next hydration what we are going to do is we are going to check whether the root lies within the interval a and c or does it lie within the interval c and b and we will adjust our initial guesses or rather the guess rate accordingly so as you can very easily see here that the root actually lies within the interval a and c therefore what we do is that in the next iteration iteration 2 maybe and we calculate the lower bound of the initial guess that is let us call it a prime we let it remain a however the upper bound that was earlier b let us call it b prime now actually becomes c this time so basically now we readjust or redefine our root or rather we narrow down our search window to this interval a and c over here so this is extremely useful because at each iteration you are basically dividing the interval in half and hence narrowing down your search window for the root and you keep on repeating it now here i could tell that the root lies within anc by just looking at the graph however in reality you will not of course have an access to such a graph so you will again as i have stated already you will do something like that like this you will do a calculation of f of a multiplied by f of c and check whether it is less positive or and similarly you will calculate f of c multiplied by f of b and check whether it is positive or and if this is negative then of course you know that the root lies within a and c however if this is negative then you know that root lies between c and b so in that case you will say that the root lies between c and b as highlighted over here as well however in our case actually the root lies between a and c as highlighted using the green highlighter and the next step would again be to calculate some new c let us call it c prime and this would basically be a prime plus b prime divided by 2 and in our case it is basically a plus c divided by 2 and we keep on creating new iterations where we keep on bisecting our search window we start from a and b initial guesses we narrowed them down we check whether which half of the initial interval contains the root and then we adjust our interval according to that and we keep on doing so so that basically is the idea of the bisection method now you might be wondering when do i stop you say that i keep on finding the new values of c rehydration and keep adjusting my search window but when do i actually stop so the condition for stopping is actually very simple basically stop when your f of c or rather the absolute value of f of c is less than some error limit that you may have so maybe something like 10 to the 6 maybe that is good enough for you or whatever is good enough for you you terminate your iterations then now let us try to do an example because i believe that these methods are best explained when we are working with some examples so let us work on an example where we calculate the root of an equation given by x squared 4 so symbolically or analytically it is very easy to see that x squared 4 equals 0 that means the roots are basically 2 so we have 2 roots in this case either 2 or 2 so since there are 2 roots you cannot really find out both the roots simultaneously in bisection methods so in order to find out the positive root you will have to have initial guesses according to that and similarly in order to find out the negative root you will have to adjust your initial guesses accordingly for example for negative root you will need negative initial guesses and similarly for positive root you will require either at least one positive value of the initial guess so these are the analytical roots and now let us try to find the numerical root using the bisection method so what should we use for our initial guesses i guess in order to make the computation very fast i will use a very good initial guess that is a equal 0 and b equals 8 so at the 1st iteration iteration number one i am going to be calculating c equals a plus b by 2 and that gives us 8 over 2 that is 4 so our midpoint of a and b is 4 now we check whether the root lies between a and c or does it lie between c and b so we do f of a multiplied by f of c which is equal to 0 squared 4 multiplied by 4 squared 4 and that is equal to 4 times 16 4 412 that is 48 which is negative now since f of a multiplied by f of c is less than 0 therefore we know that this condition over here is is true completely true now before we move on to the next titration what we might want to do is we might want to check whether we we have reached very close to the root or not and we do that by checking the value of f of c now here we can see that the absolute value of f of c is actually 12 and this is very far from 0 so of course this cannot be a root so next we go to the next iteration this time we set our a as the starting a that was 0 however our b now becomes equal to c the previous c which was 4 and now we calculate the value of c which is basically 2 this time because 4 a plus b 0 4 divided by 2 is 2 now this we already know is a root but if it was a computer doing this then of course the computer would check whether the absolute value of f of c lies within some error limits let us say 10 to the 6 and here of course the value of f of c is actually 0 which is of course less than 10 to the 6 and that means we have succeeded in finding the root so that is basically the gist of the bisection method you start with some initial window bracketing your route and then you keep on narrowing down your search by dividing this initial window in half at each step so that is it i hope you guys enjoyed this tutorial in my next few tutorials i will be talking about the error as well as the order of the bisection method the error basically will help you understand how many iterations you will need to make to get the value of the root within some error limits similarly the order of the bisection method will basically tell you how fast your bisection method converges to your root and of course i will be making some videos on newton raphson method secret method fixed point iteration method and so on so stay tuned and subscribe to the channel for such videos and in case you guys enjoy this video then do not forget to the like button thanks for watching and have a great day	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-Kqx_oOTgWY
5,246.037938	hello everyone um to start us off we have interpretation available in Spanish you can click the bottom of your screen the globe icon to access interpretation in Spanish we have the wonderful Tanya and Elena with us today as interpreters I'll give everyone a second to switch if they would like to right it's so lovely to have all of you with us today um this is the fourth webinar in our series um the power of feminist narratives from fragmentation to solidarity my name is vandita and I'm the modulator of this webinar series put together by The Fabulous Heinrich poll team last Tuesday we held a webinar on the power of feminist research in understanding implications in shaping public discourse with everyone and Shams it was an important and insightful conversation and it left me with a lot of learning on how do we bring our feminist Praxis and our politics together in our everyday life a theme for today is the power of feminist teaching and how it can be used to overcome binary narratives the positioning of feminist academics in Academia is a crucial importance especially since the rise of authoritarianism has legitimized and normalized misogynistic homophobic sexist transphobic and racist discourse even in public institutions and Academia just like when Hungary banned gender studies programs claiming that they were a dangerous ideology today's webinar will aim to unpack some of this and perhaps go a little bit into some of the larger questions around this issue starting with where does our understanding of feminism come from do we merely refer to the liberal feminism shape from the global north and west and what role does a collective experience rooted in different contexts of the world play in feminist teaching in particular what is it that we can learn from feminist movements in global South countries and Southeastern Europe in addition to this how do we teach diverse feminist schools of thoughts in Academia despite being influenced by a certain type of mainstream feminism alongside this we also look at what kind of language would we need to use for better acceptance of gender studies feminist studies and also thus avoiding a misuse of authoritarian regimes we discussed these and other questions with our esteemed and very experienced feminist academic with us today I'm going to give you a second Spotlight them I'm very honored to introduce you to our panelists for the day we have with us agnies she's a Polish a Polish scholar feminist activist and public intellectual she teaches at the American studies Center University of Warsaw her most recent book is anti-gender politics in the populist Moment co-authored by else better uh Coral published by ruthless unfortunately our second panelist Dr yalavi Clark is unable to join us today but before we start off um I want to share a small thing um in my experience with agnies after my first one-on-one call with them the only question I asked them is are there classes of yours that I can attend and is there a way that I can learn from it because the 30 minute conversation was so insightful for me so I can't tell you how excited I am to have them with us for today's webinar thank you so much for having me and um I'm really sorry the other panelist um is not with us I've actually read um her article in preparation which I thought was really fascinating about binary identities um in Africa so maybe we can get um together at some other um Point um yeah the conversation was really fun for me as well uh and uh yeah and there is a class you can attend by not by me but by my students which maybe we can talk about that interview that was recorded and that I consider my greatest teaching achievement anyway let's let's get started thank you thank you that's very kind um before we start off I just wanted to share some housekeeping information um I request that you rename yourself with your name and your pronouns if you feel comfortable doing so just a small reminder that interpretation is available in Spanish and we will also have some time both at the end and throughout for questions so please use the chat to share your questions if you feel uncomfortable sharing it with everybody you can DM you can direct message your question to me as well we also have a community wall where you can engage with us throughout or even after the webinar so I'm going to encourage all participants to start using the chat by sharing their name pronouns if comfortable where you're joining us from and we also thought we could ask you if there's a book you're reading of late that you'd like to share with us while these responses come in I'm going to start us off with my first question to you uh which is it's it's a simple question I think uh why should we talk about feminism in plural why is it important to understand different feminisms it's actually a question I had to figure out for myself um I used to teach a survey class called American feminism and about five or six years ago I changed it um to faces of American feminism uh I wanted to make it feminisms but polish online systems are quite conservative and they thought that was a mistake so um I think we find ourselves ourselves in a in a historical moment when the plural internal plurality of feminism um has become inevitable it's what it's what you teach it's not what you teach around trying to to to create a sense of um uh Oneness but rather it's the differences that I find um fascinating and they're both um intellectual differences in other words I always insist on there being several competitive traditions of feminist thought which are sometimes antagonistic sometimes in dialogue with each other but it's it's actually really useful to see that continuity of several divisions and of course I think since the 80s which is when I became a feminist something dramatic has happened with the assumption that there is such a thing as Global feminism one of the the first books I I got in on my feminist bookshelf was the Robin Morgan Sisterhood is global Anthology I think that would be an unthinkable title today in fact that whole moment in feminist history in the late mid 80s is now viewed with a certain embarrassment um as as the last breath of that effort to make everyone you know sisters without examining the power imbalances ideological differences political differences that that actually divide women as well as the various definitions of what it means to be a woman um and yet I always start my classes with a minimum definition of feminism which I'm happy to share with you so I I teach my students and we end up interrogating that definition eventually is that feminism is the ideology of the women's movement um as well as the movement in other words the word has two meanings and those meanings are sometimes in Conflict as you mentioned in the sense that practices and Theory um are sometimes in tension with each other and that to be a feminist is to uh believe that that women um are treated worse than men that this is a political phenomenon and that it is unacceptable and everything beyond that is Up For Debate including the definition of women of course so why are we treated unequally um how to change it um what is the role of capitalism in the history of of that inequality um what is the role of bodies what is the relationship of that inequality uh between these groups called men and groups for women and um uh and racial or national identities but the the first impulse that I think um must be named and that students find often a relief to name is that well that's what it is it's it's no to be a feminist is to realize that what we are taught very often from Early Childhood to consider As Natural difference is actually an injustice and inequality and I think that Insight is repeated by every generation of feminists it takes different forms but it's always I think there the feminine just aha takes place so that's that's where I start and then I show the Divergent roots thank you I love that um I especially really like the part where you mentioned that you start with your students by giving them a simple definition and then getting them to question that itself and that makes me think about like when I was I've been both a student and a teacher in some ways and when I was a student I remember being told this is what the definition is and it created a lot of discomfort for me because there were parts of it that I'd Interline with or I felt like I needed to explore more to truly own that definition as well and to get that space in a classroom is really beautiful um so yeah definitely I definitely think there is no single feminism and I'm going to ask the participants this question as well um so the question is do you believe multiple feminisms can coexist I think they have coexisted uh for for many generations um and uh the question is whether we we find ourselves in a situation where that coexistence is difficult around certain issues and I think feminism today is at a Crossroads or a difficult turn concerning the the trans rights issue and I I think that that debate is um or that antagonism can be understood variously um some people see it as a betrayal um if you are firmly located on one side then you will see the other side as Traders and not really feminists and to some extent I share that view um but if you step back and look at the genealogy of that debate then you realize that actually the two positions are historically speaking um emergent from the distinction between a difference feminism and equality feminism which runs very deep or to put it differently um in a more modern version essentialism and constructionism and that division has always been there there's a wonderful essay that I very often teach by Anne snito my uh Mentor unfortunately no longer with us it's called gender diary and she actually traces that division within her own life and within the literature feminist literature of the of the 80s and 90s and for me that was a revelation the fact that for for many women it's also an experiential thing for some women to become a feminist is to is to realize that being a woman is a terrible difficult painful thing and to feel oh if only I were not born a woman but for other women to be a feminist is to be glad to be relieved to be a woman and to dwell on Womanhood and so so there is a kind of emotional investment in that but feminists have always either challenged the uh what what is defined as the biological difference between men and women uh or um insisted on it while claiming that patriarchy denigrates the female side and I think those two cohorts have always existed and I'm I'm actually very troubled by the fact that the antagonism today is so deep and occasionally violent um I'm of course I'm on one of the sides but but I also know the history but there are other differences which can be equally um uh painful one is about the relationship between feminism and capitalism and I think that's clearly a dividing line that um you know that the younger gen younger Young Generation of feminists want to talk to uh when I was um in my most prolific years in the 90s that divide was actually obfuscated by so-called post-feminism and that the the neoliberal feminism was so omnipresent that it actually took me some time to realize that I was breathing it but now that divide is right in the center um another divide has to do with religion and depending on whether you live in a society that wears secularism is a given or completely off the table you will live that division differently and I've actually changed my position several times over over religion so so there are power there are long lasting debates and I think feminism does not exist as a single worldview it's not Dogma it's not a sect in Poland we like to say that feminism is not a political party and does not have a Central Committee um you know which was the body that under communist times told uh party members what to think so we don't have one you know you if you want to know what feminists think you have to ask a number of feminists and you'll get different answers yeah thank you I love that I really enjoyed the reflexivity of your own experiences already have questions coming in so one of the questions that I think would be really great to ask at this point is you mentioned when I became a feminist and you also referred to people becoming feminists um so participants would love to understand that how does one become a family is then how do you teach or convey this message I also want to bring up something you shared with me in our conversation which was what is the goal of feminist teaching and you know you mentioned that to become a feminist you have to be able to do this as a free person with your own agenda and I'd love for you to expand on that a little bit well I became um I became a feminist in in the most boring way possible I read a book um and that book was um Virginia wolves A Room of One's Own which I read with such uh such excitement and and uh well pain and it was it was just a revelation for me that I ended up translating it into polish it was my first publication I um and it's actually still imprinted was reprinted recently so apparently I'm I'm I did a good job so so that was I was also a student at a university where there were lots of feminists but I thought um I went to the states to study but actually I made an effort to find out how women become feminists um by asking um a lot of them when I was writing my First Book World Without women and um and a lot of them uh gave me an answer which is Out Of Reach for me because I'm a single child I don't have brothers apparently a lot of women become feminists after being repeatedly told to clean up after their brothers I heard a lot of stories about dirty socks and the expectation that the sister do the cleaning up and I was recently at a um as a teacher I guess at the meeting in the Polish Parliament with a lot of Polish high school students where this question was asked and again the dirty socks experience was was pretty vivid um but I think it's it's a generational thing there are generations of women in certain locations where you are almost born into feminism that's what the so-called third wave in the 90s in the US was one of the metaphors they had in this period was that feminism is like fluoride you drink it with the water that's how I found out they have fluoride in the water in the states so there were Daughters of feminists that were raised feminists and then they had to Define their own feminism in relationship to their mothers but then there are generations and I certainly was a member of such a generation in Poland where to be a feminist is to be marked as crazy um deviant strange unmarriageable another thing um gay all sorts of things and and to to claim that identity is actually a huge step into an abyss and a a dangerous and liberating experience um and so I I belong to a small cohort of women that did that in Poland in the 90s and you know went into the streets and overcoming the shame and the stigma and bonding with other women making the taking that risk so I think it's it really varies and I'm finding the that a lot of my students today become feminists through participating in other movements so they will be in involved in uh you know in queer movements in um ecological movements and climate change and they will they will realize that within those movements they are being treated differently as women which of course is an experience that has a long history that's what happened to many American women during the Civil Rights era that you know they would be fighting for other people's causes um passionately and then realizing they're making tea for the men who are making the speeches so I think there are certain patterns but but it depends on the location and then I'm I'm always mindful of the dirty socks story I think it's it's useful to know that a lot of it is just minimal it's it's you know small everyday experiences that radicalize women and make them rethink their whole upbringing uh social and emotional makeup um you're asking about the goal of feminist teaching oh I'm um I guess I teach feminism in different ways um when I teach it at the University I try to keep a distance and to remember that I'm a cultural studies person in a cultural studies department and that while I occasionally teach feminism as a methodology for instance in film studies I teach course courses on film with feminist film Theory as the methodology um I I primarily teach about feminism in other words I treat it as part of the history of the country about which I'm teaching which happens to be the United States I teach about the interconnection between feminism as a social movement and a theory and various other theories and historical developments sometimes I I teach about feminism as a player in uh struggles I'm teaching a cultural Wars class today um this semester and and feminism is actually paired with anti-feminism but what inevitably happens because I'm a publicly known person in Poland and I also write activist essays is that my students you know push me further they they ask me about what do you really think about Phyllis Schlafly and so you know you can't always resist the temptation to express your views and I also believe that positionalities matter so so I teach about feminism rather than teach feminism and that might be a weakness um but that that's how I operate and I I and I discover year after year that by being taught about feminism and being given the Liberty to distance themselves or not and also to to explore different versions of feminism or different um trajectories um many students not exclusively female um are radicalized and re-examined their own lives but um uh but in in my case um this radicalization tends to happen as a side effect of an intellectual encounter so um you know I'm I guess I'm I'm just a you know well-trained academic and I I and I try to keep my activists shoes in a separate cupboard um but then there is but there is that other activist cupboard and I I do occasionally um speak to activist audiences and then it's a whole different matter um I try to make them self-conscious about a tradition of which they're already a part I try to make them aware of internal disputes within feminism but you know it's it's a it's a different tone it's a different game when I'm um when I'm talking to fellow activists and I've also been a part of those debates like you know I've changed my position on uh on pornography and sex work over the last 20 years and that was under the influence of many teaching moments and learning moments it's a I I think of feminism as an intellectual Adventure basically which and and how how people engage with it and how um how personal they get about it it depends both on the person and the political moment no that's really interesting um I especially um found that part very intriguing where you mentioned that you don't teach feminism you teach about feminism I think that also creates the space for people to sort of understand their own feminisms um I also want to share quickly the poll results so all the participants here do agree that multiple feminisms can coexist um I also want to reflect agnies on the first part you mentioned about the dirty socks bit um if it's okay I'll share a bit of a personal incident not a dirty socks thing because fortunately my brother is as much of a feminist as I am but my mother told me this when I was eight years old when I was born um my entire family and I come from a big Indian family they were expecting a boy so the hospital room was full like everyone was waiting the moments they got to know they waited for hours right they waited through Labor Etc and the moments they got to know it's a girl everyone left except for my father everyone my father didn't care he said you know I have a child and I'm happy and like my parents and my brother have been very strongly feminist perhaps without knowing the language of it but also really resonated with me when you shared about everyday experiences that shape feminism like my mother would never say she's a feminist and I definitely belong to that second category where when you say your feminist you're not marriageable you're crazy um you're sort of outlawed from certain sections of society but that is also that adoption of certain principles of feminism in people in my life who may not adopt the label so um everything that you shared was really strongly resonating with me so thank you for sharing that and we have a bunch of questions for you in chat but I want to ask you one before I get to them you mentioned when you were sharing a lot about how feminism is about power right and how a lot of the different feminisms have been about questioning power relations have been looking at the intersection between politics power Academia um even looking at how it's been shaped historically so question then is why is it important to teach about gender and sexuality in the context of power relation and also do you think there has been a shift in the understanding of gender that is bended towards depolitization yeah that's something I've been thinking about a lot um and trying not to judge trying to be an observer um first I I've actually reconsidered my earlier answer um I don't just teach about feminism I teach as a feminist I always put my cards on the table and most people know anyway um and I guess what that means is that I take women's women's intellectual lives very seriously um I um I teach essays from the 70s Adrian Rich for instance has a number of essays but also Virginia Woolf has been really important to me there there's that you know um first wave second wave Insight that that I that shaped me tremendously which is that women are encouraged to give up on their intellectual lives in order to have reproductive lives and emotional lives and I won't have that I've I've actually antagonized students by telling them that I will not take excuses for not you know for for missing deadlines when they tell me that you know they had to prepare a huge dinner for their husband I mean if it's a baby then I've learned that you know care work has a different position and I do allow for that but but but I'm extremely cautious to about students female students this happens a lot in Poland allowing themselves to be lazy and I'm sorry to be using that stigmatizing term but just you know dropping things because they are really in it for you know they they think of themselves as future wives and mothers and and so that is a value I think that you know taking your life seriously as an intellectual is part of the feminist ethos and I teach about it but I also teach it um gender sexuality power up to me the way I was educated and feminist Theory that's absolutely Central in other words the the term gender as it developed in gender studies in um starting the 70s and then when it become became institutionalized as gender studies rather than women's studies is about the is about um gender imbalance in other words you would the experience that you were relating which by the way is heartbreaking and I've heard stories like this also from my uh you know from my life including from mothers and including from daughters who who realized that they were expected to be a boy that is the ultimate gendered experience in other words you realize that your value as a human being is measured by a cultural standard in which men's lives are worth more than women's lives and you know female infanticide is the X stream version of that but you know the socks bit it's also a realization of that of that type right in other words your brother is someone who deserves to have his socks picked up and your destiny in life is to pick up the socks of men and you can extrapolate from that by I don't know reading the second shift by early host child or uh you know reading about um which which trials it's you know it's all over the place gender is about the the the Lesser value of women in patriarchal cultures so what happens to this category in recent years and some feminists are troubled by it some are fascinated by it is that gender becomes synonymous for the social construction of identity for the free choice of pronouns in other words um and I you know I realized that the pronouns thing is all about um making a gesture towards people whose pronouns do not correspond to their um you know to their self-presentation or to their presumed biological endowment and I you know I do it when I'm asked to do it but there's something inside me and it may be my training in the 80s and 90s that says well actually we don't get to choose our pronouns and that's the problem in other words there to me there is something um uh disturbing about my students um certainty that gender is about freedom because to me gender is a regime right it's actually that uh that whole system of of symbols uh remunerations um the way we are interpolated as subjects in early childhood that that tells um you know females that their worst worth less than males and also tells males who have a feminine gender expression that they're worth less in other words anything that's that's associated with femininity in patriarchal culture is immediately downgraded it is about power and that has a symbolic economic intellectual Dimension and that's what the study of feminism is all about so I think there that what we are witnessing right now in the loosening of gender Norms in in Western societies and let's face it this is a western primarily a western phenomenon um is is a huge change and I'm very curious of where it will go um because uh because there's tremendous backlash against it and it might not last on the other hand because the backlash is so obsessed with gender um I'm I'm willing to allow that this is where the revolution is today that it's not about telling stories about about socks or unequal pay or I don't know menstrual the need for menstrual leave which I understand in some countries is being introduced right now in other words those changes that for equality that actually assume um that biology is um is you know where the action is and uh and that the revolution might be in um non-binary um self-definitions but it's a but it is a shift it is and it is a shift within feminism and because that shift is so fast and so sweeping um I think uh um the that break that you were asking about earlier uh that the so-called turf wars are are such as you know so antagonistic so strong because it is it is a real change within feminism I don't think we can pretend that the word gender means what it meant in gender studies 20 years ago thank you for that um there are a couple of questions in chat I'm going to pick that up for now uh one I would definitely want to know more on when you say gender is a regime if you could expand upon that but also another question in relation to that I'm just gonna pick it up yeah um is that when you're speaking you're speaking of men and women and why is it that you're not speaking of trans and non-binary folks is a question from a participant the answer to the second question is because I'm um old-fashioned and a little tired from teaching I guess I would say that if I thought about it and I'm you know I'm happy to to add but um as far as the gender regime is concerned um the way the term functioned until recently was to talk about societal Norms expectations uh and hierarchies in other words the gender regime is that which tells women that they must shave their legs and armpits and which says that non-binary people are non-existent in other words you must choose your gender we live um although maybe that's not true about you vandita because India is is actually has a very interesting um uh variation and and it goes way back in history for people who are in between or who refuse to be either but in in Western societies the gender regime is obsessively binary um it's also obsessed with women's softness and men's toughness which results in a very particular set of rules for emotional self-expression or lack thereof I mean these are all these are all banalities right the idea that you know that men shouldn't um shouldn't cry the idea that that women are more sensitive or somehow predestined to take care of their children or to take care of people in general if you are uh if you were in gender studies in the 90s studying gender was about studying the oppressiveness of those rules if you are in gender studies today doing gender studies is at least to some extent about studying the variation in self-definitions that are available to people in other words the the political act today which I've I'm sorry I failed to um to engage in is to always add CIS gendered when you're talking about people whose gender and biological whatever match and to always add trans and non-binary when you're mentioning men and women it's a new game and you know it's a game I'm willing to play to a certain extent but I'm also interested in historicizing this game in other words to to seeing that that's not what feminism was 10 or 20 years ago and by noting that historicity I'm not saying that you know in the 1969 which is my favorite period in feminist history by the way it's extremely exciting and and funny and colorful but they were all transphobes um well no they weren't transphobes just the the trans question wasn't the core question at the time the core questions were you know rape orgasms um violence against women uh it you know feminism has a history and the the emergence of the um of gender as self-identity is is part of that history that's how I see it but I can understand why a certain cohort of women who are committed to that earlier definition would say that this is uh that this is a misunderstanding at best or a betrayal at worst and that's where the turf wars are about about the rejection of that shift within feminism okay thank you for that um I will wait in case participants have follow-up questions um so if you do please leave them in chat and I will get to them in a bit I do also want to understand and I'm going to pick up a question from a participant there are questions on like the north-south divide and gender right I think you also mentioned how say in a country like mine um the understanding of gender historically has been very different and there is a colonial impact of how gender then shaped and shifted over the last day to all three centuries so I'd love to understand and there's a this is a question from Anne Chris is what relations do you see between the globalization of feminism so to say and post-colonial discourse is on feminism okay the the history of feminism includes a moment uh at the end of the 19th century when most uh feminist movements in Europe but also I think that would be include including Australia and the United States were actually pretty racist and Colonial and one of the the the a nationalist in other words the the the primary argument of the suffragettes working at the time was that uh women need to be given the right to vote so as to prevent um the race mixing for instance that was an argument which which is completely Unthinkable even 20 years later but it was there so I think feminism has a very troubled um history with uh of of collusion with colonialism and racism and that history has been examined um it has made some Progressive women anti-feminist in other words there is that argument around that feminism is inevitably western or racist and Colonial and some of this argumentation has actually been taken up by the global right in a strange twist um and that's something that I've been studying in in our book um the anti-gender um politics in the populist moment um we show we demonstrate how uh the global right um you know including the Catholic Church religious fundamentalists in the United States but also in Brazil various groups that we identify have persistently used the argument that gender is a form of colonization I would be very curious by the way to hear if people have heard this argument in their various locations it's out there it's an argument that the right the anti-feminist right has been using and the feminist movement is very um in a very difficult position responding to it because it it's clearly not true that that gender equality is a colonial imposition in fact gender inequality and the binary gender system was the colonial imposition in a lot of contexts but it's also true that the United Nations um uh around you know around the middle mid 80s and then going strong and into the 90s use the language of global human rights which I actually I find it extremely useful I've used it myself as a feminist but it is a language which takes for granted the hegemonic position of Western feminism and that is a problem and the right has been taking advantage of that uh of that problem so I don't know if that answers your question I would say that as with many other questions it's complicated and sometimes as an activist I'm I'm tempted to ignore that complication and just say it's you know the answer is simple feminism is good and anti-feminism is bad but actually feminism bad things have been done in the name of feminism and and we need to reckon with that right no um I think especially the part in life I think there is a tendency at least in my context to blame everything on colonization um especially when you don't like it and there isn't an understanding sometimes if things that have gone wrong internally or unequal Power Systems that have existed within the country as well before colonization happened I give you a small example um some studying in the UK currently and in the UK I have a lot of fellow Indians in my class but this is the first time we Face discrimination because of race Etc and it really makes me think about who are we like who are the students here because we often come from oppressor caste communities because back in our countries we've never faced discrimination because we're perhaps the ones doing the oppression and that is not a result of colonization um that existed before colonization came in and exists even today um and also the part about how gender binary is Perhaps Perhaps a construct that's been imposed on us at least on my country and certain contexts thank you for sharing that there's another question by Jen Cruz in line with this they would love to understand where you think Europe stands politically speaking in terms of feminisms like do you think there are countries that are leading the conversation here um do you think there is a political Bend in Europe in terms of feminist views was that was Europe part of that question what countries are leading in Europe yes um I'm an americanist so perhaps I'm not the best person to ask that question I mostly read debates happening in the U.S um and recently I think there has been an upsurge in feminist writing in Eastern Europe which is very interesting to me as a scholar so you know I don't follow all the debates you know French feminism of the 60s and and 70s and 80s is is canonical right I mean you cannot really do feminist history and feminist Theory without reading lnc TSU or Lucy rigare and so on and now there's um uh Paul presiado who is Spanish but writes in French and you know and and he formerly she is a crucial voice of I don't know if it's European or Global feminism so I'm I don't know I think it you know in terms it would be easier for me to speak in terms of activism you know where is the action and I would say Spain and Italy and Poland are on my radar screen it's where the largest feminist uh um uprisings have happened in recent years in response to powerful uh misogynistic movements um but I would you know I would really gladly hear about important writing coming out of whatever country I'm heavily influenced by British feminism I can say because I was I um I needed account to counter balance American feminism which tends to be very individualistic and when it talks about diversity or economic inequality and it almost immediately starts talking about race which is which is a crucial topic and I see there is a question about it but it's not the same as as socialist feminism so when I became aware of Sheila robotam and then later I think Nancy Fraser is British by Brooke I'm not sure um then that that was a game changer for me um so psychoanalytic feminism coming from France was what was crucial for me and my education and of course simonda bevoir but then the Socialist feminists um uh from from Britain but yeah I'm not I'm not very well versed in German feminism for instance and I'm sure they're I'm missing something I can see there's a question about about racism yeah and feminism and about black feminist thought and I would like to address that because it's actually can I just bring that question up so it can be translated I'll just read it out yes so the question is how are you teaching about racism in feminism and about black feminist thought and feminists of color which narratives about the women's movement in the USA do you used to get everybody in the picture go ahead please yeah I would say that African-American feminists are about a third of my syllabus um and I'm actually uh I've been um called out on not having enough uh indigenous or uh or Asian feminists and that's because I think of race as a absolutely Central issue of American cultural history and therefore that division without within feminism and those those conflicts are absolutely Central to to my understanding well I teach it by by making my students read first Sojourner Truth than iwls and and other women of that generation and then Angela Davis um the kombahi river statement franville and then later obviously the intersectionality theory and some of the recent voices but I also teach um about tropes in other words I look at how um and this is a discovery of black feminists uh Patricia Collins perhaps is a crucial name here in other words I I I ask my students to look at American culture through an African-American feminist lens we watch movies from the 50s or 60s and and I ask them I push them to notice that almost every movie from that era contains a scene in which a nanny um a black woman speaks with an artificially um high voice and says something extremely silly and then disappears and so we want well what is this what what what does this need to bring in the Deviant black female face but then also bring her out of the picture who are these women black women in May West movies who is the nanny what is what is what is the function that she plays and uh and some I've actually supervised several Theses on these images on what Patricia Collins calls the controlling images The Nanny The Jezebel um the extremely images that are both sexist and racist at the same time there of course exist also on the male side gendered images such as um the black brute or and so we talk a lot about not just about black feminism or about um inevitably racism in white mainstream feminism especially of the 70s but we also talk about the insights of black feminists which I think ironically became the central insights of gender studies in ensuing years in other words we're not I don't I don't include black feminists as a minority within a you know kind of salad bowl but it's actually the authors of what eventually became the the core Insight of gender studies of intersectionality theory um uh it's a perspective more than a phenomenon I would say um Angela Davis is a key is a key text I usually and Bell hooks to some extent but I I really like the the that early book by Angela Davis and which has also been translated into polish but my students tend to really like Bell hooks um so I follow them there as well and we also read a lot of Audrey Lord partly because I I um you know I'm trained in literature and I find Lord to just be a genius of the English language and some of the some of those insights that I've been mentioning she just writes them in these incredible poetic moving wise also autobiographically so I would say that that black yeah I'm never taught a course exclusively on black feminism but I've been accused of having too much black feminism in my in my courses um yeah I guess like there's one more reflection that I would like to share um is that uh black feminism is more relatable than mainstream white feminism when you are teaching outside the United States in other words you know in a post-socialist country when when you're talking to groups of people who are raised by working mothers who are routinely accused of being too strong to being ball Breakers too responsible you know you give them Betty free dance Feminine Mystique to read which we have to because it's a classic and it's fun in its own way and they're like this is exotic this is strange what do you mean housewife they've never met one like Polish women work it's a poor country on the other hand when they read Michelle Wallace's um essay on the black matriarch where she talks about how black women in the United States work extremely hard and are constantly accused of um you know being too strong and and you know and and a threat to their men's masculinity oh that they say that's my story that's my mom that's my grandmother so there's a strange um there's a relatability and I find a lot of students want to write about black feminism for that reason okay thank you um I personally also I feel like whenever I've read anything coming from black feminist authors I find that there is an intrinsic and you correct me if I'm wrong there is an intrinsic material analysis to their feminism um that really reaches out to someone like me because it is representative of my life and it is representative of the struggles I face perhaps even what you mentioned around a lot of it being autobiographical when it started out um could perhaps play a role in that to make it more relatable to people yes but of course American feminism in general um is heavy on autobiographical tropes in other words reading feminism is reading women tell the stories of you know how they awakened but you're right when you're reading uh when minor women from my ethnic minorities or working-class women that some that's a whole other white so-called white trash woman um who who examine their class position and the masculinities in white working class there is a context uh or materialist component which I think makes a lot of sense including I think to contemporary middle class white people in the states in other words you know those days of the 70s when you know everybody was more or less well off and you know your therapist was your main problem that that's exotic that's gone those days of prosperity and uh pure culture wars are gone so yeah and but but also the fact that gender in it on its own doesn't really do do much for us anymore we need done intersectional analysis so you know Gloria Steinem is a cultural document on the other hand the kombaki river Collective statement actually there is a kind of realness about it that that my students discuss yeah no I really appreciate that I think for me the river Collective statement also speaks to failure and I feel like that reflection on failure and that reflection on this is who we are and this is how we show up is very important um there are a bunch of questions um so I'm going to pick one of them up that's related to this so one of the participants commented that there are good practices of movements coming together um say trans and cure activism movements coming together with more mainstream women's rights movement um and there's a related question that I'd love for you to answer is that other principles that bind us together as feminists is this something you bring into your teaching or even in your personal practice if you'd like to answer me principles that bind us together as feminists um you know we used to talk about Sisterhood as an ethos you know always putting your uh your your sisters in battle first but I think that you know enough um critique of um of Sisterhood has has been produced in in the last decades to make me skeptical of that um it's it's hard to put into words I mean I think it's a movement that that that valorizes um solidarity with including solidarity across um class lines polish feminism has a slogan you will never walk alone which I think was also it has a history somewhere in in sports but I know it was around a lot in the black lives matter movement this idea that you do not abandon people that there that we are a community and not a group of um liberated individuals so and then egalitarianism I've I I I come from a fairly hierarchical society in which academics speak to each other using um terms like professor professor doctor you know always marking hierarchy we don't do that in feminist circles we're all on first name basis and I think there isn't there's a conscious effort at egalitarianism um and you know we like to think the the of the feminist groups including research groups as friendship groups but they're they're not always that and I think they're you know there's also an ongoing conversation about um Woman to Woman cruelty hierarchies and so on um but I guess I'm too deeply incited to to judge that ethos in comparison to say you know the ethos of people doing anthropology or the ethos of people engaged in other forms of activism um but yeah being careful about you know how you treat other people is a big part of it and and and the word care in the last year years has has joined the discussion more than the idea of individual Freedom or individual um you know competitiveness and of course in Poland the word solidarity has a special meaning to it which feminism um tries to draw on I've written about the way that we draw on earlier traditions of activism an ethyl sun and symbolism right no I mean I know you didn't give principles but I still heard of you um I think especially those around egalitarianism and I think a little bit even around how sometimes solidarity solidarity can be meaningless in words if it's not followed up with action and how that can perhaps be a gap in a lot of our contexts like I find that in the Indian context the places I work in where solidarity is now sometimes used as a language or a brand um as a way to like further discourse as a way to gain popular attraction but it isn't followed up with action because action requires work in action also requires sitting with discomfort and sometimes navigating through the discomfort so I'm gonna ask you um one of the questions that comes up from reading your book who is afraid of gender um you speak about how we might be able to reach more people by speaking of everyday experiences than by speaking of human rights which can sometimes be really abstract right and I also heard that a little bit in the examples you were sharing um Even in our one-on-one conversation I remember you mentioning that theory can sometimes be intimidating and it can also be a gatekeeping factor for a lot of people to participate in movement but so then in keeping with that um do you think populist feminism can help us understand and strengthen local feminist resistance um our book is is an analysis of movements that are in existence in other words we're not giving advice we are describing what's actually going on and I think um the name populist feminism has been contested some people say that it actually sounds like uh so we could for the purpose of this conversation I could replace it with popular feminism that you know the feminism of new ornamentals of the black um the black protests in Poland of the women's March on Washington in the states of you know the the this was not happening 10 years ago it coincides with the rise of right-wing populism and it's a stage in in feminist history some some Scholars have referred to it as a fourth wave which claims the the idea of people We the People uh for uh feminists for for women talking about women's rights but but they're also talking about economic Injustice the you know the it's feminism for 99 as um discussed by by uh in this famous Manifesto A few few years ago co-authored by um Fraser among others um it is also a movement that is not afraid of emotions in other words unlike the second wave which was very often ironic cryptic the third wave which was often High theoretical and um many women found it inaccessible its discourses the fourth wave speaks in in in powerful phrases it talks about pain it talks about life and death it talks about survival it talks about in Poland we actually analyze the slogans that accompany the wave of protests it talks about the other side patriarchy being about torture and cruelty in other words feminism has in recent years claimed the language of everyday experience but also the language of values the language of moral outrage and I find it fascinating and empowering and I watch my students you know become feminists not by reading Virginia Woolf but by reading the most recent you know newspaper and finding out that their lives are in danger because religious fundamentalists are planning to take what remains of our Reproductive Rights away so there is a kind of Fury about it it's a lot like the 60s actually in that way that you know feminism becomes a mass movement overnight and I mean that literally in Poland when the complete abandoned abortion was proposed in nine in 2016 the Facebook group that was started by three women uh overnight became a group of sixty thousand and then the next day there were there were massive demonstrations so yeah everyday experience uh emotionality um and Building Bridges and bringing building coalitions very fast and they they're also fragile because they were built so fast uh but it is a real social movement it's it's not a it's not an academic and it's not just a field of an academic inquiry which of course makes my teaching very different when I started teaching feminism in the late 90s I was teaching something abstract mysterious exciting something that had potential but was just really odd and two years ago when I started my class on faces of feminism most of my students were wearing buttons that they had you know that that they used during Street demonstrations because it was it was at the height of the the the black protests so very different context thank you for that I think even in India and in other contexts that I've worked in for feminism to become popular it has to become a lot more relatable to each person's experience I remember um even the Argentinian one that the example you mentioned I think what I found so powerful about that was it changed the narrative to talk about the right to life and the right to life of the person bearing the child and it started with a small green like scarf and a small slogan and it took over so thank you for that um there are a bunch of related questions that have for you in terms of what is popularism um then lead to in terms of backlash right but before I ask you that um I'm gonna ask our participants there's a multimeter Link in chat we'd love to understand from you some backlash against feminist movements that you have seen in your context this could be your country where you live um whatever context you want to share and maybe we'll take a minute to let everyone answer this so the backlash question is that what we're talking about um do we want to maybe wait for some participant responses I'm just mindful that you know oh you're you're I'm sorry I lost I was lost in the depths of Zoom uh we're hearing about backlash from other people yeah um I'd love to hear from you as well but I thought it'd be nice to get some responses from the participants yeah well what we're diagnosing in our book is a global wave of backlash which we refrain from calling backlash actually we think that the term which comes of course from the famous book by Susan feludi might be misleading in that it's more than backlash it's actually a huge offensive of a new kind of uh often religiously motivated patriarch patriarchal ideology and power and it's not it likes to see itself and to present itself as a reaction against the supposed excesses of feminism but it's actually quite self-sufficient I mean the some of the the the the ideas that the global anti-gender movement has would take us back to you know to before women had the vote um they they are in the they're contemplating outlawing divorce complete bans on abortion of course um homophobic uh laws that you know in the west they might be about reversal of um uh gay marriage but in in places like Russia it's about you know persecution and and putting people in prison so I think it's it's worse than backlash what we're talking about we're talking about a wave of what in some places can be called right-wing populism that's obsessed with gender and in some places you can I think safely call it Fascism and so backlash is too weak a word I would say there's no idea that um I think the backlash has some very severe consequences in undermining rights I'll also share my screen and perhaps you have any Reflections on what's being shared so some of the backlash that people are saying that they have seen is um in one increase in cancer culture um the idea that women have and ask for too many rights nowadays um that feminism is overshadowing real property right like global warming or money problems not understanding that there's a correlation um they give an example how in France inclusive language has been politicized and translators and copyright writers may lose work because of their feminist position very interesting um in Germany there's a strong opposition to feminist development policy yeah there are a bunch of answers coming in I'm wondering if you have um any thoughts on any of this yes I think that gender issues uh meaning gay rights Trends rights the new wave of gender identities but also Reproductive Rights violence against women that these issues are at the center of the new cultural Wars and that some some Scholars have argued that what we are viewing is a Resurgence of um masculinity which is resentful about the you know the changes that took place over the last few decades and that it's a it's a real effort to reinstate a gender regime you know that maybe we shouldn't be thinking in terms of uh his Progressive historical trajectories we don't know if they would want us to go back to the 50s or maybe the 1820s but certainly the the project is to um to naturalize men and women as uh completely binary categories with nothing in between and uh to relegate women to to reproductive um functions and to give to empower men in what is considered natural masculinity and I'm I'm saying this based on a lot of reading of um um alt-right uh positions on gender I I wrote a paper on the new masculinities listening to many Jordan Peterson videos and so on there it's the the culture of new masculinism is really out there um uh but it's one of the one of the the contributors mentioned uh cancel culture I'll be I would be very curious of what is meant by that so-called radical feminist being engaging called cancel culture these are both very contested terms and not knowing where the person is coming from I have no idea what it means actually okay so I um actually can't tell who was added what I'm saying the person whose added it would like to share it if they would like to explain I would be very interested in that yeah because of course you know there are feminists who call themselves radical feminists um and are actually considered anti-feminists by others um and I'm talking about the the so-called gender critical feminism uh on the other hand the concept of cancel culture is extremely contested also because some some feminists would tell you it doesn't exist at all it's just part of the right wing language but some would say that you know that actually it does exist it's you know it's a very complex scene and I think the internet and social media have been a game changer um and one thing that that feminism has to face um is that we are not quite as good at social media as uh the outright trolls the Russian trolls the misogynists and you know I don't know if it's if if it's a gendered phenomenon if you could you know some people just say of course women don't spend so much time online as men do or if it's about Progressive movements not being so well versed in hate speech and trolling and uh it's it's it's a huge problem 20 years ago it seemed like the internet would be this place where equality and free debate rules but I think we now know that's not the case the internet is what made Trump the president of the United States and and so on definitely thanks for that I was just um I had done I was going to attend an event that looked at how anti-gender movements have taken over the digital space and how they're so Insidious in being able to reach a population that a lot of feminist groups just can't right uh because of access to resources technical know-how Etc and also the very construction of digital spaces is designed to enable that sort of division and it's designed to enable that sort of political and social thinking silos and it gets worse they're in worser um so a lot of at least in my experience a lot of conversations that I would have perhaps had with someone over coffee or in a classroom um now are no longer conversations because they happen behind screens and it's easier to become a part of what you call Echo Chambers and then only exists in that thank you for that so we have a lot of questions for you um and we have about 20 more minutes so I'm going to hold on to my questions I will keep one for later and maybe ask you a couple of questions from the ones that have come in um I think you mentioned it a point that your students love Bell Hooks and that's why you do uh defer to it and you do uh teach more of it just going to there is a question on Bell hooks for you is it's from aryada I hope I'm saying your name correctly it's what about Bell Hook's idea of activism in the classroom uh what does that resonate with you what do you think of it um and also thinking of teaching and learning as activism for example I'm ambivalent about it um it it may be a question of being uh trained in a fairly conservative academic environment um but I I think in Poland it just there there's something about being obviously and um bringing your politics into the classroom in this completely obvious manner that that makes that disqualifies you as an academic and I'm in a way I'm getting the um you know the bad end of both uh sides of this debate because I'm accused of not being activist enough um by people who assume that Bell hooks is the guy you know is the guidelines that can can be applied everywhere um and I think it's contextual I think she is speaking from a very American situation American campuses have been very political for a very long time in ways that they aren't in other locations but I also get accused of my fellow academics of being too political so my solution to that problem in recent years has been increasingly to teach conflict to and I teach courses on the cultural Wars on the Dynamics of polarization and so on but I believe that a certain amount of maybe even pretended neutrality gives students you know Elbow Room I don't expect my students to all be left-wing and feminist I welcome conservatives in my classrooms I think Academia is about thinking and not about um being forced to make commitments so in that way I am old-fashioned thank you for that um there's a follow-up related question by seriban Imran and their question is related to the dichotomy you shared around being an activist and an Activision right so the question is are you able to draw a line between activism and Academia and are we doing infer from what you've shared that academics who do their academic work from an activist perspective are not well trained so what is the line between activism and Academia and can we assume that there is a need separation I remember when you and I spoke you said this one line that stayed with me where you said that Academia is the archive of the feminist movement and if that's not the case then it's not like it's not useful so do you want to expand on that [Music] yes it's actually something I I heard in a feminist class many years ago and it stuck with me and it was the statement was made by a by one of the founders of women's studies in Britain and um it struck me because at the time this was late 90s there was a lot of feminist theory that was completely detached from any activist base but that was the case in Western European and Western context in general in a country like Poland to teach a course with feminism in its title or to start a women's studies course was was in itself a fairly radical thing to do in other words to loosen up the walls of Academia so inevitably these things are interconnected um but I also think that you know that there is such a thing as methodology and intellectual Traditions that we study which are which have their place in Academia and once I'm in the street or making signs you know I don't make footnotes in my signs um there there is a way in which I have to abandon the complexities of feminist Theory when I'm out there defending women's rights to right to choose and I've cut myself thinking oh my gosh this is a sign that I'm you know this sign that I'm making I could teach a class about its history but of course the sign works because it works not because I know the history right but it is complicated and it's very difficult to keep apart and we we make jokes about you know we're in the business when you get to be the bird in the morning and the Anthropologist and the and the ornithologist in the afternoon and you know so to some extent it's a pretense that we're keeping it apart I think the the asker of the question had that in mind and it's it's true but I think it's also a useful pretense and you you know it's complicated so agreeing uh would that complicated aspect for sure um there's a question from Pia um which does talk about like this you know how you said Uganda add a footnote to your sign and how there are complexities which sometimes don't um translate as well so I'm thinking even about the feminist discussions around Reproductive Rights in Poland was ableism a part of those conversations was disability Justice a part of those conversations it I would say that to some extent it was a blind spot and actually I have a colleague in my Institute um who who examined that in other words um that there was a an unintended and unthought through cruelty in some of the feminist slogeneuring around the right of women to choose abortion in cases of fetal deformation in some cases the way people women talked about it was actually potentially offensive or deeply hurtful to women who had disabled children with disabilities or two women who had chosen to have children with Down Syndrome I think that and that that's something that is worth thinking through on the other hand there is also a very powerful Coalition in Poland between the women's movement and the movement for the rights of people who are taking care of human beings with disabilities children but but also grown-up children and you know it's it's a complex situation which has to do with the fact that the the these people are getting money from the state under the condition that they don't work which puts them in in a position of something that is routinely compared to slavery right you can't there's a famous writer um uh who has written a book and couldn't claim the honorarium for the book because she would lose the money she's getting for her disabled child that sort of thing and so feminists have actually stood uh you know have partaken and uh partaken and co-organized um demonstrations uh in defense of people with disabilities but but I think there is also a blind spot there is a there is a the the idea that you should never be forced to give birth to a um to a malformed fetus is an obvious ethical claim but once you start talking about it it can easily be turned into uh something that is disrespectful of people with disabilities okay thank you for that um I know you mentioned a little bit about care and there's another question sorry there's so many um which is great um I think the question is around what you think of uh what you think of the focus of putting care in the center of feminist studies especially analyzing and explaining um current societal problems such as the collapsing health and education system climate crisis for um since you bought up the context of care when you were talking about disability rights I was wondering if you want to share your thoughts on this my possibly most popular book um published in 2014 is called matka feministka mother and feminist and um it was very broadly discussed I was accused by fellow feminists of having abandoned feminism which I think some feminists in Poland um associated with a kind of you know career woman ecos individualism um and so on and and I was also um you know I was engaged by conservatives who had assumed that the idea of motherhood or parenting and Care is actually a conservative idea so I I was very much involved in those debates and I absolutely share uh the idea that that is out there now in a lot of countries I've been looking at books from Britain and and the states that that care is the care crisis is a game changer for feminist history um so yes I just I the answer is yes I think it's absolutely central care is I think also that one place where you cannot divide between um identity issues and economic issues it's where they meet right it's by analyzing the the the the the situation of the global care um um circuit right the fact that polish women are taking care of the elderly in Germany while ukrainians are taking care of their children while poorer ukrainians are taking care of their children and so on that that whole situation that that by now has a lot of literature migration care care work exploitation it's not an issue it's a heavily gendered issue which is also about economic inequality and globalization and it is one of the most serious issues out there absolutely it's also what makes people who used to be conservative into feminists I've seen people become feminists by by reading about that whole situation well that does make a lot of sense I think um the crisis we're seeing around us is also because of the lack of acknowledgment of that work and seeing that as well um looking at chats there are a bunch of comments and this has been an interesting session and when they're really enjoying it I also have one last question from for you from my end and then if we have time we can take a couple of others from the audience I think having been both a student and a teacher myself um I have been very deeply influenced by teachers who sort of helped me lift my feminist principles and also Built My agency to take action and I'd love to know from you um as an academic as a teacher yourself what is it that you want to give your students or the next generation of feminists right like what kind of feminisms I know you shared about building the agency of your students so we'd love to hear more on that yes I've had you know I've been a teacher for 25 years now so it's been quite a while I've established lasting relationships with former students who is my co-author now and colleague is also my former student and I have several relationships like this and I think um and I I had relationships like this with my female feminist teachers so there's a way of and in which teaching becomes a form of empowerment one thing that I engaged in that I can brag about a little bit is in an educational experiment um uh called open University of Carl mozalevski named after a guy but that wasn't my my choice a very Progressive important guy in which high school students University students and two professors including me um well we engaged in educational events in high schools and also online and two of the high school students three of the high schools students participating in it asked me if I knew the email for Judith Butler and I said well I actually I do but I don't know she'll answer they wrote to her she responded and we ended up with an interview with Judith Butler by three students one girl and uh two guys and you can find it online I wonder if maybe um vandita can share the link um it was it was broadcast from my bedroom and um I think something like 30 000 people watched it it was quite broadly shared and it's wonderful they're terrified of her but they kind of warm up to Judith at some point and and I think it was fun for her as well and she actually explains her Theory and her the changes in her thinking about gender in extremely relatable ways um I think it's one of the best interviews with Judith Butler out there so you know I'm not on the screen but I was behind the uh and I'm proud of that position the fact that I you know I helped them Fray is the email I helped them schedule and broadcast and write the questions and and I know that it was a life-changing experience for those kids they're they are now at the University and I I've tried similar things with students I encourage students to to do their own things to publish their written work uh to translate and publish texts that they find fascinating um you know it's and it's it's it all goes down to that um Adrian Rich idea you know take your intellectual life seriously um so yeah that kind of empowerment is something that I would like to be remembered for once I retire which is not so soon but already on the horizon thank you so much we have shared that link in chat uh we'd love for participants to check it out I think it's really beautiful and Powerful to be able to empower and create that space for students to do this um especially when it can be really terrifying but to know that your teacher like has your back really helps and to me that's a little bit of you know you said you teach about feminism but I think this is also for me a demonstration of how feminism can be a way of teaching and the methodology of teaching rather than just teaching about it so I find that really empowering and I see a comment in chat that sees that is feminist leadership uh so thank you so much for that I am going to close now because we're we have about five minutes more to go this has been so great we still have a lot of questions for you so I'm perhaps going to send them across to you later there um there is one final question and only if it's not too personal and if you feel like answering it is where do you position yourself as a feminist and how do we all come together against the anti-gender movement um only if you feel like answering that how do I position myself so um you know on the spectrum of um various feminisms um I like the term radical feminist but of course I associate that with the radical 60s and not with the so-called you know anti-gender feminist today but I I I'm in a way I live my intellectual much of my intellectual life in the late 60s so I'm very invested in that um in those debates in those uh those those radical ideas um I'm certainly an anti-nationalist and anti-racist feminist I'm also Jewish who introduced me as a poll but I'm Jewish and one of my one of the the ongoing issues in my life is about the intersection of anti-Semitism and anti-genderism I've published my my most recent article is about this I'll be happy to send it to anyone who wants it um and I think it's my biggest Discovery also is that there is a connection between anti-semitic movements and the attacks on gender and so so that's something I'm interested in I'm also very much interested in Jewish feminism both religious secular um Israeli anti-israeli that's that's a debate that I'm I have a huge personal investment and I've actually been to Israel to talk to various Jewish feminists and um and it you know it's part of it of being a second generation um polish to my father is a holocaust Survivor the this is a deeply personal and important issue to me thank you and thank you for sharing that with us um I can't imagine how difficult it's been but to see you build that across country is um to build that sort of solidarity is really powerful thank you um I am going to close now sorry there are more questions coming to me in DM but we're running out of time um but we will share these questions ahead um thank you so much for being a part of this today I learned so much and I I just want to reaffirm what I said last time I'd love to be in a classroom with you uh so thank you I've learned so much about how to teach and also what to teach and how to inspire critical thinking and reflexivity as a big part of what it means to be a feminist teacher so thank you for that um and thank you also to our participants we've had so much engagement from you all um I will share a link to the PDF where you've shared your answers on the padlet board I want to check quickly about the next panel um we have our final panel next Tuesday on the power of feminist writing with Minas salami and battalia please do join us if you're interested and you can also leave your thoughts and Reflections from today on the pad report are there any final thoughts you'd like to leave us with thank you for having me and um I left my email in case anyone wants to engage in a conversation or uh you know ask for a PDF I'll be happy to share um syllabi um articles by myself or someone else um and it's been a pleasure and thank you for holding this series um I participate I was listening in on the earlier panel it was fascinating and I'm I'm coming again I think it's really important to have these conversations internationally and um openly thank you very much thank you thank you for being here with us and I know it wasn't easy to be our sole panelist which we're very very grateful to have you thank you um everyone can drop off um we will share some of the links on the padlet board so you can keep an eye out over there thank you see you Jordan mute um in case you're speaking oh I just wanted to say thank you again um it's it's been stressful but really um exciting and fun I hope that the audience liked it so loved it um and I'm so sorry I know that being alone meant a lot of questions kept coming at you but you were fabulous thank you thank you so much thank you bye-bye	hello everyone to start us off we have interpretation available in spanish you can click the bottom of your screen the globe icon to access interpretation in spanish we have the wonderful tanya and elena with us today as interpreters i will give everyone a 2nd to switch if they would like to right it is so lovely to have all of you with us today this is the 4th webinar in our series the power of feminist narratives from fragmentation to solidarity my name is vandita and i am the modulator of this webinar series put together by the fabulous heinrich poll team last tuesday we held a webinar on the power of feminist research in understanding implications in shaping public discourse with everyone and shams it was an important and insightful conversation and it left me with a lot of learning on how do we bring our feminist praxis and our politics together in our everyday life a theme for today is the power of feminist teaching and how it can be used to overcome binary narratives the positioning of feminist academics in academia is a crucial importance especially since the rise of authoritarianism has legitimized and normalized misogynistic homophobic sexist transphobic and racist discourse even in public institutions and academia just like when hungary banned gender studies programs claiming that they were a dangerous ideology today is webinar will aim to unpack some of this and perhaps go a little bit into some of the larger questions around this issue starting with where does our understanding of feminism come from do we merely refer to the liberal feminism shape from the global north and west and what role does a collective experience rooted in different contexts of the world play in feminist teaching in particular what is it that we can learn from feminist movements in global south countries and southeastern europe in addition to this how do we teach diverse feminist schools of thoughts in academia despite being influenced by a certain type of mainstream feminism alongside this we also look at what kind of language would we need to use for better acceptance of gender studies feminist studies and also thus avoiding a misuse of authoritarian regimes we discussed these and other questions with our esteemed and very experienced feminist academic with us today i am going to give you a 2nd spotlight them i am very honored to introduce you to our panelists for the day we have with us agnies she is a polish a polish scholar feminist activist and public intellectual she teaches at the american studies center university of warsaw her most recent book is anti gender politics in the populist moment co authored by else better coral published by ruthless unfortunately our 2nd panelist doctor yalavi clark is unable to join us today but before we start off i want to share a small thing in my experience with agnies after my 1st one on one call with them the only question i asked them is are there classes of yours that i can attend and is there a way that i can learn from it because the 30 minute conversation was so insightful for me so i can not tell you how excited i am to have them with us for today is webinar thank you so much for having me and i am really sorry the other panelist is not with us i have actually read her article in preparation which i thought was really fascinating about binary identities in africa so maybe we can get together at some other point yeah the conversation was really fun for me as well and yeah and there is a class you can attend by not by me but by my students which maybe we can talk about that interview that was recorded and that i consider my greatest teaching achievement anyway let us let us get started thank you thank you that is very kind before we start off i just wanted to share some housekeeping information i request that you rename yourself with your name and your pronouns if you feel comfortable doing so just a small reminder that interpretation is available in spanish and we will also have some time both at the end and throughout for questions so please use the chat to share your questions if you feel uncomfortable sharing it with everybody you can dm you can direct message your question to me as well we also have a community wall where you can engage with us throughout or even after the webinar so i am going to encourage all participants to start using the chat by sharing their name pronouns if comfortable where you are joining us from and we also thought we could ask you if there is a book you are reading of late that you would like to share with us while these responses come in i am going to start us off with my 1st question to you which is it is it is a simple question i think why should we talk about feminism in plural why is it important to understand different feminisms it is actually a question i had to figure out for myself i used to teach a survey class called american feminism and about 5 or 6 years ago i changed it to faces of american feminism i wanted to make it feminisms but polish online systems are quite conservative and they thought that was a mistake so i think we find ourselves ourselves in a in a historical moment when the plural internal plurality of feminism has become inevitable it is what it is what you teach it is not what you teach around trying to to to create a sense of oneness but rather it is the differences that i find fascinating and they are both intellectual differences in other words i always insist on there being several competitive traditions of feminist thought which are sometimes antagonistic sometimes in dialog with each other but it is it is actually really useful to see that continuity of several divisions and of course i think since the 80s which is when i became a feminist something dramatic has happened with the assumption that there is such a thing as global feminism one of the the 1st books i i got in on my feminist bookshelf was the robin morgan sisterhood is global anthology i think that would be an unthinkable title today in fact that whole moment in feminist history in the late mid 80s is now viewed with a certain embarrassment as as the last breath of that effort to make everyone you know sisters without examining the power imbalances ideological differences political differences that that actually divide women as well as the various definitions of what it means to be a woman and yet i always start my classes with a minimum definition of feminism which i am happy to share with you so i i teach my students and we end up interrogating that definition eventually is that feminism is the ideology of the women is movement as well as the movement in other words the word has 2 meanings and those meanings are sometimes in conflict as you mentioned in the sense that practices and theory are sometimes in tension with each other and that to be a feminist is to believe that that women are treated worse than men that this is a political phenomenon and that it is unacceptable and everything beyond that is up for debate including the definition of women of course so why are we treated unequally how to change it what is the role of capitalism in the history of of that inequality what is the role of bodies what is the relationship of that inequality between these groups called men and groups for women and and racial or national identities but the the 1st impulse that i think must be named and that students find often a relief to name is that well that is what it is it is it is no to be a feminist is to realize that what we are taught very often from early childhood to consider as natural difference is actually an injustice and inequality and i think that insight is repeated by every generation of feminists it takes different forms but it is always i think there the feminine just aha takes place so that is that is where i start and then i show the divergent roots thank you i love that i especially really like the part where you mentioned that you start with your students by giving them a simple definition and then getting them to question that itself and that makes me think about like when i was i have been both a student and a teacher in some ways and when i was a student i remember being told this is what the definition is and it created a lot of discomfort for me because there were parts of it that i would interline with or i felt like i needed to explore more to truly own that definition as well and to get that space in a classroom is really beautiful so yeah definitely i definitely think there is no single feminism and i am going to ask the participants this question as well so the question is do you believe multiple feminisms can coexist i think they have coexisted for for many generations and the question is whether we we find ourselves in a situation where that coexistence is difficult around certain issues and i think feminism today is at a crossroads or a difficult turn concerning the the trans rights issue and i i think that that debate is or that antagonism can be understood variously some people see it as a betrayal if you are firmly located on one side then you will see the other side as traders and not really feminists and to some extent i share that view but if you step back and look at the genealogy of that debate then you realize that actually the 2 positions are historically speaking emergent from the distinction between a difference feminism and equality feminism which runs very deep or to put it differently in a more modern version essentialism and constructionism and that division has always been there there is a wonderful essay that i very often teach by anne snito my mentor unfortunately no longer with us it is called gender diary and she actually traces that division within her own life and within the literature feminist literature of the of the 80s and 90s and for me that was a revelation the fact that for for many women it is also an experiential thing for some women to become a feminist is to is to realize that being a woman is a terrible difficult painful thing and to feel 0 if only i were not born a woman but for other women to be a feminist is to be glad to be relieved to be a woman and to dwell on womanhood and so so there is a kind of emotional investment in that but feminists have always either challenged the what what is defined as the biological difference between men and women or insisted on it while claiming that patriarchy denigrates the female side and i think those 2 cohorts have always existed and i am i am actually very troubled by the fact that the antagonism today is so deep and occasionally violent i am of course i am on one of the sides but but i also know the history but there are other differences which can be equally painful one is about the relationship between feminism and capitalism and i think that is clearly a dividing line that you know that the younger general younger young generation of feminists want to talk to when i was in my most prolific years in the 90s that divide was actually obfuscated by so called post feminism and that the the neoliberal feminism was so omnipresent that it actually took me some time to realize that i was breathing it but now that divide is right in the center another divide has to do with religion and depending on whether you live in a society that wears secularism is a given or completely off the table you will live that division differently and i have actually changed my position several times over over religion so so there are power there are long lasting debates and i think feminism does not exist as a single worldview it is not dogma it is not a sect in poland we like to say that feminism is not a political party and does not have a central committee you know which was the body that under communist times told party members what to think so we do not have one you know you if you want to know what feminists think you have to ask a number of feminists and you will get different answers yeah thank you i love that i really enjoyed the reflexivity of your own experiences already have questions coming in so one of the questions that i think would be really great to ask at this point is you mentioned when i became a feminist and you also referred to people becoming feminists so participants would love to understand that how does one become a family is then how do you teach or convey this message i also want to bring up something you shared with me in our conversation which was what is the goal of feminist teaching and you know you mentioned that to become a feminist you have to be able to do this as a free person with your own agenda and i would love for you to expand on that a little bit well i became i became a feminist in in the most boring way possible i read a book and that book was virginia wolves a room of one is own which i read with such such excitement and and well pain and it was it was just a revelation for me that i ended up translating it into polish it was my 1st publication i and it is actually still imprinted was reprinted recently so apparently i am i am i did a good job so so that was i was also a student at a university where there were lots of feminists but i thought i went to the states to study but actually i made an effort to find out how women become feminists by asking a lot of them when i was writing my 1st book world without women and and a lot of them gave me an answer which is out of reach for me because i am a single child i do not have brothers apparently a lot of women become feminists after being repeatedly told to clean up after their brothers i heard a lot of stories about dirty socks and the expectation that the sister do the cleaning up and i was recently at a as a teacher i guess at the meeting in the polish parliament with a lot of polish high school students where this question was asked and again the dirty socks experience was was pretty vivid but i think it is it is a generational thing there are generations of women in certain locations where you are almost born into feminism that is what the so called 3rd wave in the 90s in the us was one of the metaphors they had in this period was that feminism is like fluoride you drink it with the water that is how i found out they have fluoride in the water in the states so there were daughters of feminists that were raised feminists and then they had to define their own feminism in relationship to their mothers but then there are generations and i certainly was a member of such a generation in poland where to be a feminist is to be marked as crazy deviant strange unmarriageable another thing gay all sorts of things and and to to claim that identity is actually a huge step into an abyss and a a dangerous and liberating experience and so i i belong to a small cohort of women that did that in poland in the 90s and you know went into the streets and overcoming the shame and the stigma and bonding with other women making the taking that risk so i think it is it really varies and i am finding the that a lot of my students today become feminists through participating in other movements so they will be in involved in you know in queer movements in ecological movements and climate change and they will they will realize that within those movements they are being treated differently as women which of course is an experience that has a long history that is what happened to many american women during the civil rights era that you know they would be fighting for other people is causes passionately and then realizing they are making tea for the men who are making the speeches so i think there are certain patterns but but it depends on the location and then i am i am always mindful of the dirty socks story i think it is it is useful to know that a lot of it is just minimal it is it is you know small everyday experiences that radicalize women and make them rethink their whole upbringing social and emotional makeup you are asking about the goal of feminist teaching 0 i am i guess i teach feminism in different ways when i teach it at the university i try to keep a distance and to remember that i am a cultural studies person in a cultural studies department and that while i occasionally teach feminism as a methodology for instance in film studies i teach course courses on film with feminist film theory as the methodology i i primarily teach about feminism in other words i treat it as part of the history of the country about which i am teaching which happens to be the united states i teach about the interconnection between feminism as a social movement and a theory and various other theories and historical developments sometimes i i teach about feminism as a player in struggles i am teaching a cultural wars class today this semester and and feminism is actually paired with anti feminism but what inevitably happens because i am a publicly known person in poland and i also write activist essays is that my students you know push me further they they ask me about what do you really think about phyllis schlafly and so you know you can not always resist the temptation to express your views and i also believe that positionalities matter so so i teach about feminism rather than teach feminism and that might be a weakness but that that is how i operate and i i and i discover year after year that by being taught about feminism and being given the liberty to distance themselves or not and also to to explore different versions of feminism or different trajectories many students not exclusively female are radicalized and re examined their own lives but but in in my case this radicalization tends to happen as a side effect of an intellectual encounter so you know i am i guess i am i am just a you know well trained academic and i i and i try to keep my activists shoes in a separate cupboard but then there is but there is that other activist cupboard and i i do occasionally speak to activist audiences and then it is a whole different matter i try to make them self conscious about a tradition of which they are already a part i try to make them aware of internal disputes within feminism but you know it is it is a it is a different tone it is a different game when i am when i am talking to fellow activists and i have also been a part of those debates like you know i have changed my position on on pornography and sex work over the last 20 years and that was under the influence of many teaching moments and learning moments it is a i i think of feminism as an intellectual adventure basically which and and how how people engage with it and how how personal they get about it it depends both on the person and the political moment no that is really interesting i especially found that part very intriguing where you mentioned that you do not teach feminism you teach about feminism i think that also creates the space for people to sort of understand their own feminisms i also want to share quickly the poll results so all the participants here do agree that multiple feminisms can coexist i also want to reflect agnies on the 1st part you mentioned about the dirty socks bit if it is okay i will share a bit of a personal incident not a dirty socks thing because fortunately my brother is as much of a feminist as i am but my mother told me this when i was 8 years old when i was born my entire family and i come from a big indian family they were expecting a boy so the hospital room was full like everyone was waiting the moments they got to know they waited for hours right they waited through labor etc and the moments they got to know it is a girl everyone left except for my father everyone my father did not care he said you know i have a child and i am happy and like my parents and my brother have been very strongly feminist perhaps without knowing the language of it but also really resonated with me when you shared about everyday experiences that shape feminism like my mother would never say she is a feminist and i definitely belong to that 2nd category where when you say your feminist you are not marriageable you are crazy you are sort of outlawed from certain sections of society but that is also that adoption of certain principles of feminism in people in my life who may not adopt the label so everything that you shared was really strongly resonating with me so thank you for sharing that and we have a bunch of questions for you in chat but i want to ask you one before i get to them you mentioned when you were sharing a lot about how feminism is about power right and how a lot of the different feminisms have been about questioning power relations have been looking at the intersection between politics power academia even looking at how it has been shaped historically so question then is why is it important to teach about gender and sexuality in the context of power relation and also do you think there has been a shift in the understanding of gender that is bended towards depolitization yeah that is something i have been thinking about a lot and trying not to judge trying to be an observer 1st i i have actually reconsidered my earlier answer i do not just teach about feminism i teach as a feminist i always put my cards on the table and most people know anyway and i guess what that means is that i take women is women is intellectual lives very seriously i i teach essays from the 70s adrian rich for instance has a number of essays but also virginia woolf has been really important to me there there is that you know 1st wave 2nd wave insight that that i that shaped me tremendously which is that women are encouraged to give up on their intellectual lives in order to have reproductive lives and emotional lives and i will not have that i have i have actually antagonized students by telling them that i will not take excuses for not you know for for missing deadlines when they tell me that you know they had to prepare a huge dinner for their husband i mean if it is a baby then i have learned that you know care work has a different position and i do allow for that but but but i am extremely cautious to about students female students this happens a lot in poland allowing themselves to be lazy and i am sorry to be using that stigmatizing term but just you know dropping things because they are really in it for you know they they think of themselves as future wives and mothers and and so that is a value i think that you know taking your life seriously as an intellectual is part of the feminist ethos and i teach about it but i also teach it gender sexuality power up to me the way i was educated and feminist theory that is absolutely central in other words the the term gender as it developed in gender studies in starting the 70s and then when it become became institutionalized as gender studies rather than women is studies is about the is about gender imbalance in other words you would the experience that you were relating which by the way is heartbreaking and i have heard stories like this also from my you know from my life including from mothers and including from daughters who who realized that they were expected to be a boy that is the ultimate gendered experience in other words you realize that your value as a human being is measured by a cultural standard in which men is lives are worth more than women is lives and you know female infanticide is the x stream version of that but you know the socks bit it is also a realization of that of that type right in other words your brother is someone who deserves to have his socks picked up and your destiny in life is to pick up the socks of men and you can extrapolate from that by i do not know reading the 2nd shift by early host child or you know reading about which which trials it is you know it is all over the place gender is about the the the lesser value of women in patriarchal cultures so what happens to this category in recent years and some feminists are troubled by it some are fascinated by it is that gender becomes synonymous for the social construction of identity for the free choice of pronouns in other words and i you know i realized that the pronouns thing is all about making a gesture towards people whose pronouns do not correspond to their you know to their self presentation or to their presumed biological endowment and i you know i do it when i am asked to do it but there is something inside me and it may be my training in the 80s and 90s that says well actually we do not get to choose our pronouns and that is the problem in other words there to me there is something disturbing about my students certainty that gender is about freedom because to me gender is a regime right it is actually that that whole system of of symbols remunerations the way we are interpolated as subjects in early childhood that that tells you know females that their worst worth less than males and also tells males who have a feminine gender expression that they are worth less in other words anything that is that is associated with femininity in patriarchal culture is immediately downgraded it is about power and that has a symbolic economic intellectual dimension and that is what the study of feminism is all about so i think there that what we are witnessing right now in the loosening of gender norms in in western societies and let us face it this is a western primarily a western phenomenon is is a huge change and i am very curious of where it will go because because there is tremendous backlash against it and it might not last on the other hand because the backlash is so obsessed with gender i am i am willing to allow that this is where the revolution is today that it is not about telling stories about about socks or unequal pay or i do not know menstrual the need for menstrual leave which i understand in some countries is being introduced right now in other words those changes that for equality that actually assume that biology is is you know where the action is and and that the revolution might be in non binary self definitions but it is a but it is a shift it is and it is a shift within feminism and because that shift is so fast and so sweeping i think the that break that you were asking about earlier that the so called turf wars are are such as you know so antagonistic so strong because it is it is a real change within feminism i do not think we can pretend that the word gender means what it meant in gender studies 20 years ago thank you for that there are a couple of questions in chat i am going to pick that up for now one i would definitely want to know more on when you say gender is a regime if you could expand upon that but also another question in relation to that i am just going to pick it up yeah is that when you are speaking you are speaking of men and women and why is it that you are not speaking of trans and non binary folks is a question from a participant the answer to the 2nd question is because i am old fashioned and a little tired from teaching i guess i would say that if i thought about it and i am you know i am happy to to add but as far as the gender regime is concerned the way the term functioned until recently was to talk about societal norms expectations and hierarchies in other words the gender regime is that which tells women that they must shave their legs and armpits and which says that non binary people are non existent in other words you must choose your gender we live although maybe that is not true about you vandita because india is is actually has a very interesting variation and and it goes way back in history for people who are in between or who refuse to be either but in in western societies the gender regime is obsessively binary it is also obsessed with women is softness and men is toughness which results in a very particular set of rules for emotional self expression or lack thereof i mean these are all these are all banalities right the idea that you know that men should not should not cry the idea that that women are more sensitive or somehow predestined to take care of their children or to take care of people in general if you are if you were in gender studies in the 90s studying gender was about studying the oppressiveness of those rules if you are in gender studies today doing gender studies is at least to some extent about studying the variation in self definitions that are available to people in other words the the political act today which i have i am sorry i failed to to engage in is to always add cis gendered when you are talking about people whose gender and biological whatever match and to always add trans and non binary when you are mentioning men and women it is a new game and you know it is a game i am willing to play to a certain extent but i am also interested in historicizing this game in other words to to seeing that that is not what feminism was 10 or 20 years ago and by noting that historicity i am not saying that you know in the 1969 which is my favorite period in feminist history by the way it is extremely exciting and and funny and colorful but they were all transphobes well no they were not transphobes just the the trans question was not the core question at the time the core questions were you know rape orgasms violence against women it you know feminism has a history and the the emergence of the of gender as self identity is is part of that history that is how i see it but i can understand why a certain cohort of women who are committed to that earlier definition would say that this is that this is a misunderstanding at best or a betrayal at worst and that is where the turf wars are about about the rejection of that shift within feminism okay thank you for that i will wait in case participants have follow up questions so if you do please leave them in chat and i will get to them in a bit i do also want to understand and i am going to pick up a question from a participant there are questions on like the north south divide and gender right i think you also mentioned how say in a country like mine the understanding of gender historically has been very different and there is a colonial impact of how gender then shaped and shifted over the last day to all 3 centuries so i would love to understand and there is a this is a question from anne chris is what relations do you see between the globalization of feminism so to say and post colonial discourse is on feminism okay the the history of feminism includes a moment at the end of the 19th century when most feminist movements in europe but also i think that would be include including australia and the united states were actually pretty racist and colonial and one of the the the a nationalist in other words the the the primary argument of the suffragettes working at the time was that women need to be given the right to vote so as to prevent the race mixing for instance that was an argument which which is completely unthinkable even 20 years later but it was there so i think feminism has a very troubled history with of of collusion with colonialism and racism and that history has been examined it has made some progressive women anti feminist in other words there is that argument around that feminism is inevitably western or racist and colonial and some of this argumentation has actually been taken up by the global right in a strange twist and that is something that i have been studying in in our book the anti gender politics in the populist moment we show we demonstrate how the global right you know including the catholic church religious fundamentalists in the united states but also in brazil various groups that we identify have persistently used the argument that gender is a form of colonization i would be very curious by the way to hear if people have heard this argument in their various locations it is out there it is an argument that the right the anti feminist right has been using and the feminist movement is very in a very difficult position responding to it because it it is clearly not true that that gender equality is a colonial imposition in fact gender inequality and the binary gender system was the colonial imposition in a lot of contexts but it is also true that the united nations around you know around the middle mid 80s and then going strong and into the 90s use the language of global human rights which i actually i find it extremely useful i have used it myself as a feminist but it is a language which takes for granted the hegemonic position of western feminism and that is a problem and the right has been taking advantage of that of that problem so i do not know if that answers your question i would say that as with many other questions it is complicated and sometimes as an activist i am i am tempted to ignore that complication and just say it is you know the answer is simple feminism is good and anti feminism is bad but actually feminism bad things have been done in the name of feminism and and we need to reckon with that right no i think especially the part in life i think there is a tendency at least in my context to blame everything on colonization especially when you do not like it and there is not an understanding sometimes if things that have gone wrong internally or unequal power systems that have existed within the country as well before colonization happened i give you a small example some studying in the uk currently and in the uk i have a lot of fellow indians in my class but this is the 1st time we face discrimination because of race etc and it really makes me think about who are we like who are the students here because we often come from oppressor caste communities because back in our countries we have never faced discrimination because we are perhaps the ones doing the oppression and that is not a result of colonization that existed before colonization came in and exists even today and also the part about how gender binary is perhaps perhaps a construct that has been imposed on us at least on my country and certain contexts thank you for sharing that there is another question by jen cruz in line with this they would love to understand where you think europe stands politically speaking in terms of feminisms like do you think there are countries that are leading the conversation here do you think there is a political bend in europe in terms of feminist views was that was europe part of that question what countries are leading in europe yes i am an americanist so perhaps i am not the best person to ask that question i mostly read debates happening in the u s and recently i think there has been an upsurge in feminist writing in eastern europe which is very interesting to me as a scholar so you know i do not follow all the debates you know french feminism of the 60s and and 70s and 80s is is canonical right i mean you cannot really do feminist history and feminist theory without reading lnc tsu or lucy rigare and so on and now there is paul presiado who is spanish but writes in french and you know and and he formerly she is a crucial voice of i do not know if it is european or global feminism so i am i do not know i think it you know in terms it would be easier for me to speak in terms of activism you know where is the action and i would say spain and italy and poland are on my radar screen it is where the largest feminist uprisings have happened in recent years in response to powerful misogynistic movements but i would you know i would really gladly hear about important writing coming out of whatever country i am heavily influenced by british feminism i can say because i was i i needed account to counter balance american feminism which tends to be very individualistic and when it talks about diversity or economic inequality and it almost immediately starts talking about race which is which is a crucial topic and i see there is a question about it but it is not the same as as socialist feminism so when i became aware of sheila robotam and then later i think nancy fraser is british by brooke i am not sure then that that was a game changer for me so psychoanalytic feminism coming from france was what was crucial for me and my education and of course simonda bevoir but then the socialist feminists from from britain but yeah i am not i am not very well versed in german feminism for instance and i am sure they are i am missing something i can see there is a question about about racism yeah and feminism and about black feminist thought and i would like to address that because it is actually can i just bring that question up so it can be translated i will just read it out yes so the question is how are you teaching about racism in feminism and about black feminist thought and feminists of color which narratives about the women is movement in the usa do you used to get everybody in the picture go ahead please yeah i would say that african american feminists are about a 3rd of my syllabus and i am actually i have been called out on not having enough indigenous or or asian feminists and that is because i think of race as a absolutely central issue of american cultural history and therefore that division without within feminism and those those conflicts are absolutely central to to my understanding well i teach it by by making my students read 1st sojourner truth than iwls and and other women of that generation and then angela davis the kombahi river statement franville and then later obviously the intersectionality theory and some of the recent voices but i also teach about tropes in other words i look at how and this is a discovery of black feminists patricia collins perhaps is a crucial name here in other words i i i ask my students to look at american culture through an african american feminist lens we watch movies from the 50s or 60s and and i ask them i push them to notice that almost every movie from that era contains a scene in which a nanny a black woman speaks with an artificially high voice and says something extremely silly and then disappears and so we want well what is this what what what does this need to bring in the deviant black female face but then also bring her out of the picture who are these women black women in may west movies who is the nanny what is what is what is the function that she plays and and some i have actually supervised several theses on these images on what patricia collins calls the controlling images the nanny the jezebel the extremely images that are both sexist and racist at the same time there of course exist also on the male side gendered images such as the black brute or and so we talk a lot about not just about black feminism or about inevitably racism in white mainstream feminism especially of the 70s but we also talk about the insights of black feminists which i think ironically became the central insights of gender studies in ensuing years in other words we are not i do not i do not include black feminists as a minority within a you know kind of salad bowl but it is actually the authors of what eventually became the the core insight of gender studies of intersectionality theory it is a perspective more than a phenomenon i would say angela davis is a key is a key text i usually and bell hooks to some extent but i i really like the the that early book by angela davis and which has also been translated into polish but my students tend to really like bell hooks so i follow them there as well and we also read a lot of audrey lord partly because i i you know i am trained in literature and i find lord to just be a genius of the english language and some of the some of those insights that i have been mentioning she just writes them in these incredible poetic moving wise also autobiographically so i would say that that black yeah i am never taught a course exclusively on black feminism but i have been accused of having too much black feminism in my in my courses yeah i guess like there is one more reflection that i would like to share is that black feminism is more relatable than mainstream white feminism when you are teaching outside the united states in other words you know in a post socialist country when when you are talking to groups of people who are raised by working mothers who are routinely accused of being too strong to being ball breakers too responsible you know you give them betty free dance feminine mystique to read which we have to because it is a classic and it is fun in its own way and they are like this is exotic this is strange what do you mean housewife they have never met one like polish women work it is a poor country on the other hand when they read michelle wallace is essay on the black matriarch where she talks about how black women in the united states work extremely hard and are constantly accused of you know being too strong and and you know and and a threat to their men is masculinity 0 that they say that is my story that is my mom that is my grandmother so there is a strange there is a relatability and i find a lot of students want to write about black feminism for that reason okay thank you i personally also i feel like whenever i have read anything coming from black feminist authors i find that there is an intrinsic and you correct me if i am wrong there is an intrinsic material analysis to their feminism that really reaches out to someone like me because it is representative of my life and it is representative of the struggles i face perhaps even what you mentioned around a lot of it being autobiographical when it started out could perhaps play a role in that to make it more relatable to people yes but of course american feminism in general is heavy on autobiographical tropes in other words reading feminism is reading women tell the stories of you know how they awakened but you are right when you are reading when minor women from my ethnic minorities or working class women that some that is a whole other white so called white trash woman who who examine their class position and the masculinities in white working class there is a context or materialist component which i think makes a lot of sense including i think to contemporary middle class white people in the states in other words you know those days of the 70s when you know everybody was more or less well off and you know your therapist was your main problem that that is exotic that has gone those days of prosperity and pure culture wars are gone so yeah and but but also the fact that gender in it on its own does not really do do much for us anymore we need done intersectional analysis so you know gloria steinem is a cultural document on the other hand the kombaki river collective statement actually there is a kind of realness about it that that my students discuss yeah no i really appreciate that i think for me the river collective statement also speaks to failure and i feel like that reflection on failure and that reflection on this is who we are and this is how we show up is very important there are a bunch of questions so i am going to pick one of them up that is related to this so one of the participants commented that there are good practices of movements coming together say trans and cure activism movements coming together with more mainstream women is rights movement and there is a related question that i would love for you to answer is that other principles that bind us together as feminists is this something you bring into your teaching or even in your personal practice if you would like to answer me principles that bind us together as feminists you know we used to talk about sisterhood as an ethos you know always putting your your your sisters in battle 1st but i think that you know enough critique of of sisterhood has has been produced in in the last decades to make me skeptical of that it is it is hard to put into words i mean i think it is a movement that that that valorizes solidarity with including solidarity across class lines polish feminism has a slogan you will never walk alone which i think was also it has a history somewhere in in sports but i know it was around a lot in the black lives matter movement this idea that you do not abandon people that there that we are a community and not a group of liberated individuals so and then egalitarianism i have i i i come from a fairly hierarchical society in which academics speak to each other using terms like professor professor doctor you know always marking hierarchy we do not do that in feminist circles we are all on 1st name basis and i think there is not there is a conscious effort at egalitarianism and you know we like to think the the of the feminist groups including research groups as friendship groups but they are they are not always that and i think they are you know there is also an ongoing conversation about woman to woman cruelty hierarchies and so on but i guess i am too deeply incited to to judge that ethos in comparison to say you know the ethos of people doing anthropology or the ethos of people engaged in other forms of activism but yeah being careful about you know how you treat other people is a big part of it and and and the word care in the last year years has has joined the discussion more than the idea of individual freedom or individual you know competitiveness and of course in poland the word solidarity has a special meaning to it which feminism tries to draw on i have written about the way that we draw on earlier traditions of activism an ethyl sun and symbolism right no i mean i know you did not give principles but i still heard of you i think especially those around egalitarianism and i think a little bit even around how sometimes solidarity solidarity can be meaningless in words if it is not followed up with action and how that can perhaps be a gap in a lot of our contexts like i find that in the indian context the places i work in where solidarity is now sometimes used as a language or a brand as a way to like further discourse as a way to gain popular attraction but it is not followed up with action because action requires work in action also requires sitting with discomfort and sometimes navigating through the discomfort so i am going to ask you one of the questions that comes up from reading your book who is afraid of gender you speak about how we might be able to reach more people by speaking of everyday experiences than by speaking of human rights which can sometimes be really abstract right and i also heard that a little bit in the examples you were sharing even in our one on one conversation i remember you mentioning that theory can sometimes be intimidating and it can also be a gatekeeping factor for a lot of people to participate in movement but so then in keeping with that do you think populist feminism can help us understand and strengthen local feminist resistance our book is is an analysis of movements that are in existence in other words we are not giving advice we are describing what is actually going on and i think the name populist feminism has been contested some people say that it actually sounds like so we could for the purpose of this conversation i could replace it with popular feminism that you know the feminism of new ornamentals of the black the black protests in poland of the women is march on washington in the states of you know the the this was not happening 10 years ago it coincides with the rise of right wing populism and it is a stage in in feminist history some some scholars have referred to it as a 4th wave which claims the the idea of people we the people for feminists for for women talking about women is rights but but they are also talking about economic injustice the you know the it is feminism for 99 as discussed by by in this famous manifesto a few few years ago co authored by fraser among others it is also a movement that is not afraid of emotions in other words unlike the 2nd wave which was very often ironic cryptic the 3rd wave which was often high theoretical and many women found it inaccessible its discourses the 4th wave speaks in in in powerful phrases it talks about pain it talks about life and death it talks about survival it talks about in poland we actually analyze the slogans that accompany the wave of protests it talks about the other side patriarchy being about torture and cruelty in other words feminism has in recent years claimed the language of everyday experience but also the language of values the language of moral outrage and i find it fascinating and empowering and i watch my students you know become feminists not by reading virginia woolf but by reading the most recent you know newspaper and finding out that their lives are in danger because religious fundamentalists are planning to take what remains of our reproductive rights away so there is a kind of fury about it it is a lot like the 60s actually in that way that you know feminism becomes a mass movement overnight and i mean that literally in poland when the complete abandoned abortion was proposed in 9 in 2016 the facebook group that was started by 3 women overnight became a group of 60000 and then the next day there were there were massive demonstrations so yeah everyday experience emotionality and building bridges and bringing building coalitions very fast and they they are also fragile because they were built so fast but it is a real social movement it is it is not a it is not an academic and it is not just a field of an academic inquiry which of course makes my teaching very different when i started teaching feminism in the late 90s i was teaching something abstract mysterious exciting something that had potential but was just really odd and 2 years ago when i started my class on faces of feminism most of my students were wearing buttons that they had you know that that they used during street demonstrations because it was it was at the height of the the the black protests so very different context thank you for that i think even in india and in other contexts that i have worked in for feminism to become popular it has to become a lot more relatable to each person is experience i remember even the argentinian one that the example you mentioned i think what i found so powerful about that was it changed the narrative to talk about the right to life and the right to life of the person bearing the child and it started with a small green like scarf and a small slogan and it took over so thank you for that there are a bunch of related questions that have for you in terms of what is popularism then lead to in terms of backlash right but before i ask you that i am going to ask our participants there is a multimeter link in chat we would love to understand from you some backlash against feminist movements that you have seen in your context this could be your country where you live whatever context you want to share and maybe we will take a minute to let everyone answer this so the backlash question is that what we are talking about do we want to maybe wait for some participant responses i am just mindful that you know 0 you are you are i am sorry i lost i was lost in the depths of zoom we are hearing about backlash from other people yeah i would love to hear from you as well but i thought it would be nice to get some responses from the participants yeah well what we are diagnosing in our book is a global wave of backlash which we refrain from calling backlash actually we think that the term which comes of course from the famous book by susan feludi might be misleading in that it is more than backlash it is actually a huge offensive of a new kind of often religiously motivated patriarch patriarchal ideology and power and it is not it likes to see itself and to present itself as a reaction against the supposed excesses of feminism but it is actually quite self sufficient i mean the some of the the the the ideas that the global anti gender movement has would take us back to you know to before women had the vote they they are in the they are contemplating outlawing divorce complete bans on abortion of course homophobic laws that you know in the west they might be about reversal of gay marriage but in in places like russia it is about you know persecution and and putting people in prison so i think it is it is worse than backlash what we are talking about we are talking about a wave of what in some places can be called right wing populism that is obsessed with gender and in some places you can i think safely call it fascism and so backlash is too weak a word i would say there is no idea that i think the backlash has some very severe consequences in undermining rights i will also share my screen and perhaps you have any reflections on what is being shared so some of the backlash that people are saying that they have seen is in one increase in cancer culture the idea that women have and ask for too many rights nowadays that feminism is overshadowing real property right like global warming or money problems not understanding that there is a correlation they give an example how in france inclusive language has been politicized and translators and copyright writers may lose work because of their feminist position very interesting in germany there is a strong opposition to feminist development policy yeah there are a bunch of answers coming in i am wondering if you have any thoughts on any of this yes i think that gender issues meaning gay rights trends rights the new wave of gender identities but also reproductive rights violence against women that these issues are at the center of the new cultural wars and that some some scholars have argued that what we are viewing is a resurgence of masculinity which is resentful about the you know the changes that took place over the last few decades and that it is a it is a real effort to reinstate a gender regime you know that maybe we should not be thinking in terms of his progressive historical trajectories we do not know if they would want us to go back to the 50s or maybe the 1820s but certainly the the project is to to naturalize men and women as completely binary categories with nothing in between and to relegate women to to reproductive functions and to give to empower men in what is considered natural masculinity and i am i am saying this based on a lot of reading of alt right positions on gender i i wrote a paper on the new masculinities listening to many jordan peterson videos and so on there it is the the culture of new masculinism is really out there but it is one of the one of the the contributors mentioned cancel culture i will be i would be very curious of what is meant by that so called radical feminist being engaging called cancel culture these are both very contested terms and not knowing where the person is coming from i have no idea what it means actually okay so i actually can not tell who was added what i am saying the person whose added it would like to share it if they would like to explain i would be very interested in that yeah because of course you know there are feminists who call themselves radical feminists and are actually considered anti feminists by others and i am talking about the the so called gender critical feminism on the other hand the concept of cancel culture is extremely contested also because some some feminists would tell you it does not exist at all it is just part of the right wing language but some would say that you know that actually it does exist it is you know it is a very complex scene and i think the internet and social media have been a game changer and one thing that that feminism has to face is that we are not quite as good at social media as the outright trolls the russian trolls the misogynists and you know i do not know if it is if if it is a gendered phenomenon if you could you know some people just say of course women do not spend so much time online as men do or if it is about progressive movements not being so well versed in hate speech and trolling and it is it is it is a huge problem 20 years ago it seemed like the internet would be this place where equality and free debate rules but i think we now know that is not the case the internet is what made trump the president of the united states and and so on definitely thanks for that i was just i had done i was going to attend an event that looked at how anti gender movements have taken over the digital space and how they are so insidious in being able to reach a population that a lot of feminist groups just can not right because of access to resources technical know how etc and also the very construction of digital spaces is designed to enable that sort of division and it is designed to enable that sort of political and social thinking silos and it gets worse they are in worser so a lot of at least in my experience a lot of conversations that i would have perhaps had with someone over coffee or in a classroom now are no longer conversations because they happen behind screens and it is easier to become a part of what you call echo chambers and then only exists in that thank you for that so we have a lot of questions for you and we have about 20 more minutes so i am going to hold on to my questions i will keep one for later and maybe ask you a couple of questions from the ones that have come in i think you mentioned it a point that your students love bell hooks and that is why you do defer to it and you do teach more of it just going to there is a question on bell hooks for you is it is from aryada i hope i am saying your name correctly it is what about bell hook is idea of activism in the classroom what does that resonate with you what do you think of it and also thinking of teaching and learning as activism for example i am ambivalent about it it it may be a question of being trained in a fairly conservative academic environment but i i think in poland it just there there is something about being obviously and bringing your politics into the classroom in this completely obvious manner that that makes that disqualifies you as an academic and i am in a way i am getting the you know the bad end of both sides of this debate because i am accused of not being activist enough by people who assume that bell hooks is the guy you know is the guidelines that can can be applied everywhere and i think it is contextual i think she is speaking from a very american situation american campuses have been very political for a very long time in ways that they are not in other locations but i also get accused of my fellow academics of being too political so my solution to that problem in recent years has been increasingly to teach conflict to and i teach courses on the cultural wars on the dynamics of polarization and so on but i believe that a certain amount of maybe even pretended neutrality gives students you know elbow room i do not expect my students to all be left wing and feminist i welcome conservatives in my classrooms i think academia is about thinking and not about being forced to make commitments so in that way i am old fashioned thank you for that there is a follow up related question by seriban imran and their question is related to the dichotomy you shared around being an activist and an activision right so the question is are you able to draw a line between activism and academia and are we doing infer from what you have shared that academics who do their academic work from an activist perspective are not well trained so what is the line between activism and academia and can we assume that there is a need separation i remember when you and i spoke you said this one line that stayed with me where you said that academia is the archive of the feminist movement and if that is not the case then it is not like it is not useful so do you want to expand on that yes it is actually something i i heard in a feminist class many years ago and it stuck with me and it was the statement was made by a by one of the founders of women is studies in britain and it struck me because at the time this was late 90s there was a lot of feminist theory that was completely detached from any activist base but that was the case in western european and western context in general in a country like poland to teach a course with feminism in its title or to start a women is studies course was was in itself a fairly radical thing to do in other words to loosen up the walls of academia so inevitably these things are interconnected but i also think that you know that there is such a thing as methodology and intellectual traditions that we study which are which have their place in academia and once i am in the street or making signs you know i do not make footnotes in my signs there there is a way in which i have to abandon the complexities of feminist theory when i am out there defending women is rights to right to choose and i have cut myself thinking 0 my gosh this is a sign that i am you know this sign that i am making i could teach a class about its history but of course the sign works because it works not because i know the history right but it is complicated and it is very difficult to keep apart and we we make jokes about you know we are in the business when you get to be the bird in the morning and the anthropologist and the and the ornithologist in the afternoon and you know so to some extent it is a pretense that we are keeping it apart i think the the asker of the question had that in mind and it is it is true but i think it is also a useful pretense and you you know it is complicated so agreeing would that complicated aspect for sure there is a question from pia which does talk about like this you know how you said uganda add a footnote to your sign and how there are complexities which sometimes do not translate as well so i am thinking even about the feminist discussions around reproductive rights in poland was ableism a part of those conversations was disability justice a part of those conversations it i would say that to some extent it was a blind spot and actually i have a colleague in my institute who who examined that in other words that there was a an unintended and unthought through cruelty in some of the feminist slogeneuring around the right of women to choose abortion in cases of fetal deformation in some cases the way people women talked about it was actually potentially offensive or deeply hurtful to women who had disabled children with disabilities or 2 women who had chosen to have children with down syndrome i think that and that that is something that is worth thinking through on the other hand there is also a very powerful coalition in poland between the women is movement and the movement for the rights of people who are taking care of human beings with disabilities children but but also grown up children and you know it is it is a complex situation which has to do with the fact that the the these people are getting money from the state under the condition that they do not work which puts them in in a position of something that is routinely compared to slavery right you can not there is a famous writer who has written a book and could not claim the honorarium for the book because she would lose the money she is getting for her disabled child that sort of thing and so feminists have actually stood you know have partaken and partaken and co organized demonstrations in defense of people with disabilities but but i think there is also a blind spot there is a there is a the the idea that you should never be forced to give birth to a to a malformed fetus is an obvious ethical claim but once you start talking about it it can easily be turned into something that is disrespectful of people with disabilities okay thank you for that i know you mentioned a little bit about care and there is another question sorry there is so many which is great i think the question is around what you think of what you think of the focus of putting care in the center of feminist studies especially analyzing and explaining current societal problems such as the collapsing health and education system climate crisis for since you bought up the context of care when you were talking about disability rights i was wondering if you want to share your thoughts on this my possibly most popular book published in 2014 is called matka feministka mother and feminist and it was very broadly discussed i was accused by fellow feminists of having abandoned feminism which i think some feminists in poland associated with a kind of you know career woman ecos individualism and so on and and i was also you know i was engaged by conservatives who had assumed that the idea of motherhood or parenting and care is actually a conservative idea so i i was very much involved in those debates and i absolutely share the idea that that is out there now in a lot of countries i have been looking at books from britain and and the states that that care is the care crisis is a game changer for feminist history so yes i just i the answer is yes i think it is absolutely central care is i think also that one place where you cannot divide between identity issues and economic issues it is where they meet right it is by analyzing the the the the the situation of the global care circuit right the fact that polish women are taking care of the elderly in germany while ukrainians are taking care of their children while poorer ukrainians are taking care of their children and so on that that whole situation that that by now has a lot of literature migration care care work exploitation it is not an issue it is a heavily gendered issue which is also about economic inequality and globalization and it is one of the most serious issues out there absolutely it is also what makes people who used to be conservative into feminists i have seen people become feminists by by reading about that whole situation well that does make a lot of sense i think the crisis we are seeing around us is also because of the lack of acknowledgment of that work and seeing that as well looking at chats there are a bunch of comments and this has been an interesting session and when they are really enjoying it i also have one last question from for you from my end and then if we have time we can take a couple of others from the audience i think having been both a student and a teacher myself i have been very deeply influenced by teachers who sort of helped me lift my feminist principles and also built my agency to take action and i would love to know from you as an academic as a teacher yourself what is it that you want to give your students or the next generation of feminists right like what kind of feminisms i know you shared about building the agency of your students so we would love to hear more on that yes i have had you know i have been a teacher for 25 years now so it has been quite a while i have established lasting relationships with former students who is my co author now and colleague is also my former student and i have several relationships like this and i think and i i had relationships like this with my female feminist teachers so there is a way of and in which teaching becomes a form of empowerment one thing that i engaged in that i can brag about a little bit is in an educational experiment called open university of carl mozalevski named after a guy but that was not my my choice a very progressive important guy in which high school students university students and 2 professors including me well we engaged in educational events in high schools and also online and 2 of the high school students 3 of the high schools students participating in it asked me if i knew the email for judith butler and i said well i actually i do but i do not know she will answer they wrote to her she responded and we ended up with an interview with judith butler by 3 students one girl and 2 guys and you can find it online i wonder if maybe vandita can share the link it was it was broadcast from my bedroom and i think something like 30 0 people watched it it was quite broadly shared and it is wonderful they are terrified of her but they kind of warm up to judith at some and and i think it was fun for her as well and she actually explains her theory and her the changes in her thinking about gender in extremely relatable ways i think it is one of the best interviews with judith butler out there so you know i am not on the screen but i was behind the and i am proud of that position the fact that i you know i helped them fray is the email i helped them schedule and broadcast and write the questions and and i know that it was a life changing experience for those kids they are they are now at the university and i i have tried similar things with students i encourage students to to do their own things to publish their written work to translate and publish texts that they find fascinating you know it is and it is it is it all goes down to that adrian rich idea you know take your intellectual life seriously so yeah that kind of empowerment is something that i would like to be remembered for once i retire which is not so soon but already on the horizon thank you so much we have shared that link in chat we would love for participants to check it out i think it is really beautiful and powerful to be able to empower and create that space for students to do this especially when it can be really terrifying but to know that your teacher like has your back really helps and to me that is a little bit of you know you said you teach about feminism but i think this is also for me a demonstration of how feminism can be a way of teaching and the methodology of teaching rather than just teaching about it so i find that really empowering and i see a comment in chat that sees that is feminist leadership so thank you so much for that i am going to close now because we are we have about 5 minutes more to go this has been so great we still have a lot of questions for you so i am perhaps going to send them across to you later there there is one final question and only if it is not too personal and if you feel like answering it is where do you position yourself as a feminist and how do we all come together against the anti gender movement only if you feel like answering that how do i position myself so you know on the spectrum of various feminisms i like the term radical feminist but of course i associate that with the radical 60s and not with the so called you know anti gender feminist today but i i i am in a way i live my intellectual much of my intellectual life in the late 60s so i am very invested in that in those debates in those those those radical ideas i am certainly an anti nationalist and anti racist feminist i am also jewish who introduced me as a poll but i am jewish and one of my one of the the ongoing issues in my life is about the intersection of anti semitism and anti genderism i have published my my most recent article is about this i will be happy to send it to anyone who wants it and i think it is my biggest discovery also is that there is a connection between anti semitic movements and the attacks on gender and so so that is something i am interested in i am also very much interested in jewish feminism both religious secular israeli anti israeli that is that is a debate that i am i have a huge personal investment and i have actually been to israel to talk to various jewish feminists and and it you know it is part of it of being a 2nd generation polish to my father is a holocaust survivor the this is a deeply personal and important issue to me thank you and thank you for sharing that with us i can not imagine how difficult it has been but to see you build that across country is to build that sort of solidarity is really powerful thank you i am going to close now sorry there are more questions coming to me in dm but we are running out of time but we will share these questions ahead thank you so much for being a part of this today i learned so much and i i just want to reaffirm what i said last time i would love to be in a classroom with you so thank you i have learned so much about how to teach and also what to teach and how to inspire critical thinking and reflexivity as a big part of what it means to be a feminist teacher so thank you for that and thank you also to our participants we have had so much engagement from you all i will share a link to the pdf where you have shared your answers on the padlet board i want to check quickly about the next panel we have our final panel next tuesday on the power of feminist writing with minas salami and battalia please do join us if you are interested and you can also leave your thoughts and reflections from today on the pad report are there any final thoughts you would like to leave us with thank you for having me and i left my email in case anyone wants to engage in a conversation or you know ask for a pdf i will be happy to share syllabi articles by myself or someone else and it has been a pleasure and thank you for holding this series i participate i was listening in on the earlier panel it was fascinating and i am i am coming again i think it is really important to have these conversations internationally and openly thank you very much thank you thank you for being here with us and i know it was not easy to be our sole panelist which we are very very grateful to have you thank you everyone can drop off we will share some of the links on the padlet board so you can keep an eye out over there thank you see you jordan mute in case you are speaking 0 i just wanted to say thank you again it is it has been stressful but really exciting and fun i hope that the audience liked it so loved it and i am so sorry i know that being alone meant a lot of questions kept coming at you but you were fabulous thank you thank you so much thank you bye bye	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CZLQjR0qU7A
1,184.496312	[Music] alright let us go handle this stronghold welcome back to button smash and welcome back to assess I own Creed we're still assassins in Greece you could be a little bit more on food than that monkey give it some weight oh well we're gonna do some exploring of that sandra while killing people killing people gonna be a fun trip fun trip say what we got we got doggies dogs dogs all these dogs actually I said I was gonna go and grab this treasure first okay since this light out of the way I might as well right yeah I wanna see if I can busted the doors there's some doors that you could have us through in the last game hey Mazz will see you know nothing ventured nothing gained people nothing ventured nothing yet the you oh thank you Jesus I don't have to use this damn thing what damn thing I have to use a mace I can go for a faster weapon ha what I found the sword oh I'm gonna hire DB a tail way higher DPS yeah use that oh it's not a story it's it's do we'll be so happy I love with my I love with our weapons are quick quick weapons are the absolute [ __ ] I love them Richard DPS is lower yes but I can swing faster okay so there's treasure down here okay oh yeah see did you see all that blood splatter this is awesome oh there you are wait what did we just get to two of two of the other treasure okay what we got we got a faster storage ooh let's just rip this out yeah no we're not gonna do that you can go freak yourself carry your ass okay okay I think we get a little bit Oh more people are coming so we need to kind of whip this a little bit quicker thank you come on all right you're next let's go goddamnit [ __ ] it make we retreat - I kind of did because I have a big gun the big boss showed up in that area they're like handling four guys and the big boss is not something I want to do okay so Beamer tree see now they don't know where I am okay so let's do Plan C technically still Plan B they don't know where I am which is good are they're all holed up over there yeah see I got my health back and everything see like yeah I could stick a move okay me sticking the movement is not a bad thing no it's not it's not okay so okay so we just one sec here okay all right all right okay he's almost dead so you could just wreck him so is it some more yes I'm on the side yeah wait you want to go through that wall real quick I think I can pull this guy over whistle I did okay I don't think he heard you I need to get a little bit closer is that the boss others carry here no but you can get him okay somebody spotted you Oh was it him it was him all right there you go got her all right what's wrong nope okay I'm gonna pick them off one by one I love how intense the music is there you got incredibly it sets if he do he said okay I see a lot of us guys are dead uh it was just the way he was positioned it looked a little weird no wrong a lot weird to be position is dead what's the question mark what it does that what does it mean you're searching it's all that means okay oh you got it okay cool well you'd have nowhere which way yeah you read our way so while that's happening let me go ahead and pick up this piece here this tablet yeah see like we gotta be we're gonna stick and move that's all right that's our new plan stick and move they don't know where I am that's all that matters I kind of wish I had a bomb or something a bomb every night or something well okay considering the time period we are in we are what 439 BCE I mean we still can like get a Grenadier so from where and from what I mean it wouldn't be like a bomb like we know it's a bomb not like a ticking time bomb or anything like I could probably throw some oils or something you probably could or you could I think maybe it best make maybe like do a Molotov and I'm only saying that because you do have alcohol which is wine which is more really available then and Fire yes know this probably stupid I mean say oh oh okay wait that's a way all right in there no come on oh that was not cool not cool well doesn't matter he's dead there you go again pitiful just because I let you go there you talk about super on the back you go well you you didn't you didn't even that's your song and you didn't even try to sing it with me huh wait yo what the [ __ ] just happened I just got confused really really quickly oh we accidentally killed the dog accident I need to kill a dog oh okay well we just put the dog sorry loot loot if I can what everything might be okay so I I have a UH where was the ending mata up there okay so that's like the other thing that have to grab then this area will be over and then I can continue my mission and that's the plan now okay see I'm worried about [ __ ] you sitting here worried about [ __ ] I don't worry about [ __ ] you were worried about it you're a little worried now you care about the pupper not [ __ ] you [ __ ] the DA I said pupper it's a dog it's a popper if it knows it can get some it's a dog it's not your only one who's bringing sex into the equation I was reading education there yeah failure tragic yeah if you were trace the steps of Odysseus and take the path north you'll find a goat farm in Ithaca where he wants met Athena she helped him with the disguise okay Hydra Ward in on a slaughtered goat so said if I go north from here yeah in North you want to go towards Ithaca so we need to go to is again yeah I think I already did dad I think I found the treasure he was talking about cuz this is north yeah I know I'm I'm going way off the beaten path I'm aware okay are you wolf yes you are okay there yeah I got some more Ludi things over there but there is a more Ludi things damn it wolf yes he's right here somewhere okay I don't know where I don't know how to get to it weirdo okay so here's what I'm gonna do I'm just gonna go ahead and finish this part of the mission okay I'll come back and I'll get it get it caresses or Odysseus's freaking fingers yeah okay okay cool that seems like it's a good plan right now I killed everybody everybody's dead all right they have been murdered they Dolph have been murdered now I go pick up a shroud you know what I'm gonna pick up oh oh we got a captive letter out so you wanna yeah let's say you wanna you know swag your ass got rekt [ __ ] word of warning don't come out of nowhere you will get annihilated in wrong ways yes oh there's another wolf over here where did you come from I don't know I killed all the dolls come get some [ __ ] I just killed your sister ass off all right I now I have a new engraved mint left okay that was weird oh oh oh damn she hammered her business she sure did go girl I'm not mad at you not in the least yeah let's go fire can I get what you have yeah let's get like you she's like really literally sit his ass I don't want to fit people on fire so where we going oh we got a turn to the racist [ __ ] wasn't richness yes he was he said you're kind you're kind I'm pretty sure it was not meant in a good way okay I think she's free to else let me talk to her I can't believe I let those my Lackey sneak up on me essica is a dangerous place to wander around on your own you are wandering around on your own you're welcome by the way dad dad you know new mission yeah let's travel all right let's go I'll need to leave Ithaca no we have to go to it we're ready here apparently is it if I go yeah okay the palace is like a hundred and hundred meters away oh okay which I could swear this where we were already let's run me and my fancy sandals what do you expected I know Lisa's name no what the hell okay now I'm taking it to the boat she was she was hoping okay why something blew me off wait no she was hoping that like the the area be like a little bit more it's kind of like her pilgrimage oh okay sorry name's sake okay okay I'm at your boat are you coming are you telling me that I have to literally walk you over here do I really have to walk you over here sorry where is she that's I took the Assassin's Creed path which you know drops me all the way down and she just didn't follow along so what do we gotta do so you coming or what I was already at your boat I was already there I was already enjoying my vacation we really don't have to help you you do know that right well now I do if I want to get paid I'm very sure we could do other missions to get paid she could just go [ __ ] herself what do you want what do you want girl what was that I don't know I was trying to say something it out of nowhere you know what I was trying to say something in my body was like snatched it away from like no I am certain that's a good question that is a story cuz didn't he go like on submission and then you're welcome I do give some good advice [Music] all right so we finished that mission we literally just have to turn in this shroud okay we're definitely the next someone special I am however going to okay I got a new weapon I didn't even notice oh that's another freaking mace that I don't want mace like actual mace no like a a mace not mace isn't okay you know it I can't with you right now I can't with you right now but I want to find out where this thing is yeah okay so if you retraced the steps of Odysseus and take the path north you'll find a goat farm in Ithaca where he wants met Athena so I think I just have to keep going north of well I actually keep going towards the path which way is that it's here somewhere there's actually a path though but I have to go from here but we will do that next time on button smashing we will catch y'all later thank y'all for joining us by the way you can catch y'all later deuces [Music]	alright let us go handle this stronghold welcome back to button smash and welcome back to assess i own creed we are still assassins in greece you could be a little bit more on food than that monkey give it some weight 0 well we are going to do some exploring of that sandra while killing people killing people going to be a fun trip fun trip say what we got we got doggies dogs dogs all these dogs actually i said i was going to go and grab this treasure 1st okay since this light out of the way i might as well right yeah i want to see if i can busted the doors there is some doors that you could have us through in the last game hey mazz will see you know nothing ventured nothing gained people nothing ventured nothing yet the you 0 thank you jesus i do not have to use this damn thing what damn thing i have to use a mace i can go for a faster weapon ha what i found the sword 0 i am going to hire db a tail way higher dps yeah use that 0 it is not a story it is it is do we will be so happy i love with my i love with our weapons are quick quick weapons are the absolute i love them richard dps is lower yes but i can swing faster okay so there is treasure down here okay 0 yeah see did you see all that blood splatter this is awesome 0 there you are wait what did we just get to 2 of 2 of the other treasure okay what we got we got a faster storage ooh let us just rip this out yeah no we are not going to do that you can go freak yourself carry your ass okay okay i think we get a little bit 0 more people are coming so we need to kind of whip this a little bit quicker thank you come on all right you are next let us go goddamnit it make we retreat i kind of did because i have a big gun the big boss showed up in that area they are like handling 4 guys and the big boss is not something i want to do okay so beamer tree see now they do not know where i am okay so let us do plan c technically still plan b they do not know where i am which is good are they are all holed up over there yeah see i got my health back and everything see like yeah i could stick a move okay me sticking the movement is not a bad thing no it is not it is not okay so okay so we just one sec here okay all right all right okay he is almost dead so you could just wreck him so is it some more yes i am on the side yeah wait you want to go through that wall real quick i think i can pull this guy over whistle i did okay i do not think he heard you i need to get a little bit closer is that the boss others carry here no but you can get him okay somebody spotted you 0 was it him it was him all right there you go got her all right what is wrong nope okay i am going to pick them off one by one i love how intense the music is there you got incredibly it sets if he do he said okay i see a lot of us guys are dead it was just the way he was positioned it looked a little weird no wrong a lot weird to be position is dead what is the question mark what it does that what does it mean you are searching it is all that means okay 0 you got it okay cool well you would have nowhere which way yeah you read our way so while that is happening let me go ahead and pick up this piece here this tablet yeah see like we got to be we are going to stick and move that is all right that is our new plan stick and move they do not know where i am that is all that matters i kind of wish i had a bomb or something a bomb every night or something well okay considering the time period we are in we are what 439 bce i mean we still can like get a grenadier so from where and from what i mean it would not be like a bomb like we know it is a bomb not like a ticking time bomb or anything like i could probably throw some oils or something you probably could or you could i think maybe it best make maybe like do a molotov and i am only saying that because you do have alcohol which is wine which is more really available then and fire yes know this probably stupid i mean say 0 okay wait that is a way all right in there no come on 0 that was not cool not cool well does not matter he is dead there you go again pitiful just because i let you go there you talk about super on the back you go well you you did not you did not even that is your song and you did not even try to sing it with me huh wait yo what the just happened i just got confused really really quickly 0 we accidentally killed the dog accident i need to kill a dog 0 okay well we just put the dog sorry loot loot if i can what everything might be okay so i i have a where was the ending mata up there okay so that is like the other thing that have to grab then this area will be over and then i can continue my mission and that is the plan now okay see i am worried about you sitting here worried about i do not worry about you were worried about it you are a little worried now you care about the pupper not you the da i said pupper it is a dog it is a popper if it knows it can get some it is a dog it is not your only one who is bringing sex into the equation i was reading education there yeah failure tragic yeah if you were trace the steps of odysseus and take the path north you will find a goat farm in ithaca where he wants met athena she helped him with the disguise okay hydra ward in on a slaughtered goat so said if i go north from here yeah in north you want to go towards ithaca so we need to go to is again yeah i think i already did dad i think i found the treasure he was talking about cuz this is north yeah i know i am i am going way off the beaten path i am aware okay are you wolf yes you are okay there yeah i got some more ludi things over there but there is a more ludi things damn it wolf yes he is right here somewhere okay i do not know where i do not know how to get to it weirdo okay so here is what i am going to do i am just going to go ahead and finish this part of the mission okay i will come back and i will get it get it caresses or odysseus is freaking fingers yeah okay okay cool that seems like it is a good plan right now i killed everybody everybody is dead all right they have been murdered they dolph have been murdered now i go pick up a shroud you know what i am going to pick up 0 we got a captive letter out so you want to yeah let us say you want to you know swag your ass got rekt word of warning do not come out of nowhere you will get annihilated in wrong ways yes 0 there is another wolf over here where did you come from i do not know i killed all the dolls come get some i just killed your sister ass off all right i now i have a new engraved mint left okay that was weird 0 damn she hammered her business she sure did go girl i am not mad at you not in the least yeah let us go fire can i get what you have yeah let us get like you she is like really literally sit his ass i do not want to fit people on fire so where we going 0 we got a turn to the racist was not richness yes he was he said you are kind you are kind i am pretty sure it was not meant in a good way okay i think she is free to else let me talk to her i can not believe i let those my lackey sneak up on me essica is a dangerous place to wander around on your own you are wandering around on your own you are welcome by the way dad dad you know new mission yeah let us travel all right let us go i will need to leave ithaca no we have to go to it we are ready here apparently is it if i go yeah okay the palace is like a 10000 meters away 0 okay which i could swear this where we were already let us run me and my fancy sandals what do you expected i know lisa is name no what the hell okay now i am taking it to the boat she was she was hoping okay why something blew me off wait no she was hoping that like the the area be like a little bit more it is kind of like her pilgrimage 0 okay sorry name is sake okay okay i am at your boat are you coming are you telling me that i have to literally walk you over here do i really have to walk you over here sorry where is she that is i took the assassin is creed path which you know drops me all the way down and she just did not follow along so what do we got to do so you coming or what i was already at your boat i was already there i was already enjoying my vacation we really do not have to help you you do know that right well now i do if i want to get paid i am very sure we could do other missions to get paid she could just go herself what do you want what do you want girl what was that i do not know i was trying to say something it out of nowhere you know what i was trying to say something in my body was like snatched it away from like no i am certain that is a good question that is a story cuz did not he go like on submission and then you are welcome i do give some good advice all right so we finished that mission we literally just have to turn in this shroud okay we are definitely the next someone special i am however going to okay i got a new weapon i did not even notice 0 that is another freaking mace that i do not want mace like actual mace no like a a mace not mace is not okay you know it i can not with you right now i can not with you right now but i want to find out where this thing is yeah okay so if you retraced the steps of odysseus and take the path north you will find a goat farm in ithaca where he wants met athena so i think i just have to keep going north of well i actually keep going towards the path which way is that it is here somewhere there is actually a path though but i have to go from here but we will do that next time on button smashing we will catch you all later thank you all for joining us by the way you can catch you all later deuces	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wZlFzyMvVnE
3,876.107063	Buddha nature or Buddha principle refers to several related terms most notably tathagatagarbha and buddha dato tathagatagarbha means the womb or embryo Garba of that thus gone tathagata or containing a tathagata while buddha da du literally means Buddha realm or Buddha substrate tathagatagarbha has a wide range of sometimes conflicting meanings in Indian and later East Asian and Tibetan Buddhist literature debates on what the term means continues to be a major part of Mahayana Buddhist scholastics for example the tibetan scholar go lotsawa outlined four meanings of the term tathagatagarbha as used by Indian Buddhist scholars generally one as an emptiness that is a non implicated negation to the luminous nature of the mind three Alya Vigi onna store consciousness for all Bodhisattvas and sentient beings topic etymology you topic tathagatagarbha the term tathagatagarbha may mean embryonic tathagata womb of the Tathagata or containing a tathagata various meanings may all be brought into mind when the term tathagatagarbha is being used topic compound the Sanskrit term tathagatagarbha is a compound of two terms Tata gada and Garba tathagata means the one thus gone referring to the Buddha it is composed of tatha and a gada the scum or tatha and gada thus gone the term refers to a Buddha who has thus gone from samsara into nirvana and thus come from Nirvana into samsara to work for the salvation of all sentient beings Garba womb embryo Center essence topic Asian translations the Chinese translated the term tathagatagarbha as traditional Chinese rule I Kang pinyin rule a jean or tathagata's rule i storehouse Zhuang according to brown storehouse may indicate both that which in folds or contained something or that which is itself in folded hidden or contained by another the Tibetan translation as DBZ ng segs Pais nyan po which cannot be translated as womb m ng al or L hums but as embryonic essence kernel or heart the term heart was also used by Mongolian translators topic Western translations the term tathagatagarbha is translated and interpreted in various ways by western translators and scholars according to Sally King the term tathagatagarbha may be understood in two ways embryonic tathagata the incipient buddha the cause of the Tathagata womb of the Tathagata the fruit of tathagata according to King the Chinese rule a Zhong was taken in its meaning as womb or fruit Waymon and Waymon also point out that the Chinese regularly takes Garba as womb but prefer to use the term embryo according to brown following Waymon and Waymon embryo is the best-fitting translation since it preserves the dynamic self transformative nature of the Tathagata Garba according to zimmerman Garba may also mean the interior or center of something and its essence or central part as a tip or ISA it may refer to a person being a womb for or container of the Tathagata as a BA Hoover ehi it may refer to a person as having an embryonic tathagata inside in both cases this embryonic tathagata still has to be developed zimmerman concludes that tathagatagarbha as a BA Hoover ehi meaning containing a tathagata but notes the variety of meanings of Garba such as containing born from embryo embracing concealing womb calyx child member of a clan core which may all be brought into mind when the term tathagatagarbha is being used topic buddha-nature the term buddha-nature traditional Chinese fushing pinyin foxing japanese basho is closely related in meaning to the term tathagatagarbha but is not a translation of this term it refers to what is essential in the human being the corresponding Sanskrit term is Buddha do it has two meanings namely the nature of the Buddha equivalent to the term dharmakaya and the cause of the Buddha the link between the cause and the result is the nature da - which is common to both namely the Dharma da - Matsumoto Shiro also points out that Buddha nature translates the Sanskrit term Buddha to a place to put something a foundation a locus according to Shiro it does not mean original nature or essence nor does it mean the possibility of the attainment of Buddhahood the original nature of the Buddha or the essence of the Buddha in the Vajrayana the term for Buddha nature is Suga Tiger MA topic indian sutra sources you topic earliest sources according to Wayman the idea of the tathagatagarbha is grounded on sayings by the Buddha that there is something called the luminous mind Prabhas vara citta which is only adventitious Li covered over by defilements a GaN Turkic Lisa the luminous mind is mentioned in a passage from the anga Torah nakiya luminous monks is the mind and it is defiled by incoming defilements the maha some Vika school coupled this idea of the luminous mind with the idea of the mullah vijnana the substratum consciousness that serves as the basis consciousness from the idea of the luminous mind emerged the idea that the awakened mind is the pure visually undefiled mine in the tathagatagarbha sutras it is this pure consciousness that is regarded to be the seed from which Buddhahood grows when this intrinsically pure consciousness came to be regarded as an element capable of growing into Buddhahood there was the embryo Garba of the Tathagata equals buddha doctrine whether or not this term is employed carl Brun holzle writes that the first probable mention of the term is in the echo tariqa agama though here it is used in a different way than in later texts the passage states if someone devotes himself to the a Qatari kagama then he has the Tathagata Garba even if his body cannot exhaust defilements in this life in his next life he will attain supreme wisdom this tathagatagarbha idea was the result of an interplay between various strands of Buddhist thought on the nature of human consciousness and the means of awakening Gregory comments on this origin of the tathagatagarbha doctrine the implication of this doctrine is that enlightenment as the natural and true state of the mind topic avatamsaka sutra according to Wayman the avatamsaka sutra 1st 3rd century CE II was the next step in the development of the Buddha nature thought after the concept of the luminous mind w here it is taught that the Buddha's divine knowledge pervades sentient beings and that it's representation in an individual being is the substratum consciousness the avatamsaka sutra does not contain a singular discussion of the concept but the idea of a universal penetration of sentient beings by the wisdom of the Buddha Buddha Gianna was complimentary to the concept of the Buddha womb the basic idea of the avatamsaka sutra is the unity of the absolute and the relative all in one one in all the all melts into a single hole there are no divisions in the totality of reality IT views the cosmos as holy as one Brightpearl the universal reality of the buddha the universal Buddhahood of all reality as the religious message of the avatamsaka sutra all levels of reality are related and interpenetrated this is depicted in the image of indras net this unity in totality allows every individual entity of the phenomenal world its uniqueness without attributing an inherent nature to anything topic sad ARMA pundarika Sutra the Lotus Sutra SKT sad Dharma Pandorica Sutra written between 100 BCE and 200 CE II does not mention buddha nature but shares other themes and ideas with the later tagada Garba sutras like the tathagatagarbha sutra and some scholars theorized that it was an influence on these texts the tenth chapter emphasizes in accordance with the Bodhisattva ideal of the Mahayana teachings that everyone can be liberated all living beings can become a Buddha not only monks and nuns but also laypeople serve occas Bodhisattvas and non-human creatures it also details that all living beings can be a teacher of the Dharma the 12th chapter of the Lotus Sutra details that the potential to become enlightened as universal among all people even the historical devaraja has the potential to become a Buddha the story of devadasi is followed by another story about a dragon princess who is both a naga and a female whom the bodhisattva manjusri proclaims will reach enlightenment immediately in her present form topic tether gotta garbage sutras there are several major Indian texts which discussed the idea of Buddha nature and they are often termed the tathagatagarbha sutras according to Brun holzle the earliest Mahayana sutras that are based on and discussed the notion of tathagatagarbha as the Buddha potential that is innate in all sentient beings began to appear in written form in the late 2nd and early 3rd century their ideas became very influential in East Asian Buddhism and Tibetan Buddhism Mahayana sutras which mentioned this doctrine include the tathagatagarbha Sutra and anat VII purnatva nur dasa ramallah devi simonetta sutra mahayana mahaparinirvana sutra anjali meliha sutra in the lank of Vitara sutra the tathagatagarbha sutra 200 to 250 c ii is considered the earliest expression of this the tathagatagarbha doctrine and the term tathagatagarbha itself seems to have been coined in this very sutra it states that one is already or primordial ii awakened and that all beings already have perfect Buddhahood within themselves but do not recognize it because it is covered over by afflictions another one of these texts the GaN of you has Sutra as quoted by longchenpa states that the tathagatagarbha is the ground of all things the ultimate universal ground also has always been with the Buddha essence tathagatagarbha and this essence in terms of the universal ground has been taught by the tathagata the fools who do not know it because of their habits see even the universal ground as having various happiness and suffering and actions and emotional defilements its nature is pure and immaculate its qualities are as wishing jewels there are neither changes nor cessations whoever realizes it attains liberation you topic ramallah Devi semmanaadu Sutra thus ramallah Devi semmanaadu Sutra 3rd century CE he also named the lion's roar of queens ramallah centers on the teaching of the tathagatagarbha ultimate soteriological principle regarding the tathagatagarbha it states Lord the tathagatagarbha is neither self nor sentient being nor soul more personality the tathagatagarbha is not the domain of beings who fall into the belief in a real personality who adhered to wayward views whose thoughts are distracted by voidness Lord this tathagatagarbha as the embryo of the illustrious dharma due to the embryo of the Dharmakaya the embryo of the super mundane dharma the embryo of the intrinsically pure dharma in this ramallah Devi semmanaadu sutra there are two possible States for the tathagatagarbha e either covered by defilement when it is called only embryo of the Tathagata or free from defilements when the embryo of the Tathagata is no more the embryo potentiality but the tathagata actuality the sutra itself states it this way this dharmakaya of the Tathagata when not free from the store of defilement is referred to as the tathagatagarbha topic mahaparinirvana sutra the early buddha nature concept has expressed in the seminal tathagatagarbha sutra named the nirvana sutra as according to Kevin Traynor as follows sentient beings are said to possess a sacred nature that is the basis for them becoming Buddhist this Buddha nature has in fact our true nature universal and completely unsullied by whatever psychological and karmic state an individual may be in the mahaparinirvana sutra written 2nd century CE II was very influential in the Chinese reception of the Buddhist teachings the Mahayana mahaparinirvana sutra linked the concept of tathagatagarbha with the buddha to Kosho yamamoto points out that the nirvana sutra contains a series of equations thus there comes about the equation of buddha body topic dharmakaya eternal body topic eternal Buddha eternity quote according to Shimoda Masahiro the authors of the mahaparinirvana sutra were leaders and advocates of stupa worship the term buddha dato originally referred to relics in the mahaparinirvana sutra it came to be used in place of the concept of tathagatagarbha the authors used the teachings of the tathagatagarbha sutra to reshape the worship of the physical relics of the buddha into worship of the inner buddha as a principle of salvation Sasaki in a review of Shimoda conveys a key premise of Shimoda z' work namely that the origins of Mahayana Buddhism and the Nirvana Sutra are entwined the Buddha nature is always present in all times and in all beings this does not mean that sentient beings are at present endowed with the qualities of a Buddha but that they will have those qualities in the future it is obscured from worldly vision by the screening effect of tenacious negative mental afflictions within each being once these negative mental states have been eliminated however the buddha dato is said to shine forth unimpeded Li and the buddhists fear Buddha do this aya can then be consciously entered into and therewith deathless Nirvana attained T kita the gada Garba is none but the snis or the buddha nature and as the originally untainted pure mind which lies over spread by and exists in the mind of greed and anger of all beings this bespeaks a Buddha body that exists in a state of bondage according to Sally became it does not represent a major innovation and is rather unsystematic which made it a fruitful one for later students and commentators who are obliged to create their own order and bring it to the text according to Kain its most important innovation is the linking of the term Buddha do with tathagatagarbha the sutra presents the boot in nature or tathagatagarbha Zhou self the mahaparinirvana sutra refers to a true self the mahayana mahaparinirvana sutra especially influential in East Asian Buddhist thought goes so far as to speak of it as our true self Atman it's precise metaphysical and ontological status as however open to interpretation in the terms of different mahayana philosophical schools for the madhyamika sit must be empty of its own existence like everything else for the yoga currents following the lank of Vitara it can be identified with store consciousness as the receptacle of the seeds of awakening paul williams states it is obvious that the mahaparinirvana sutra does not consider it impossible for a Buddhist to affirm anatman provided it is clear what the correct understanding of this concept s and indeed the sutra clearly sees certain advantages in doing so but it speaks about buddha nature in so many different ways that Chinese scholars created a list of types of buddha nature that could be found in the text Paul Williams also notes nevertheless the sutra as it stands is quite clear that while we can speak of the tathagatagarbha as self actually it is not at all a self and those who have such self notions cannot perceive the tathagatagarbha and thus become enlightened see ruing 1 9 8 9 8 21 to 6 topic lankavatara sutra the Lang covet ARRA Sutra compiled 350 to 400 seee synthesized the tathagatagarbha doctrine and the Alaia Vidya doctrine the Lang covet ARRA Sutra assimilates tathagatagarbha thought to the yogacara viewpoint and this assimilation is further developed in the treatise on the awakening of faith in the Mahayana according to the Lanco Vitara sutra tathagatagarbha is identical to the Alaia vidya known prior to awakening as the storehouse consciousness or eighth consciousness the Alaia vision yonder is supposed to contain the pure seed or tathagatagarbha from which awakening arises the lankavatara sutra contains tathagatagarbha thought but also warns against reification of the idea of buddha nature and presents it as an aid to attaining awakening is not this tat that gotta Garbett taught by the blessed one the same as the ego substance taught by the philosophers the ego is taught by the philosophers as an eternal creator unqualified omnipresent and imperishable the blessed one replied it is emptiness reality limit nirvana being unborn unqualified and avoidable effort the reason why the tathagata's teach the doctrine pointing to the tathagatagarbha as to make the ignorant cast aside their fear when they listen to the teaching of egolessness and to have them realize the state of non-discrimination and image lessness according to Alex and Hideko Wayman the equation of tathagatagarbha and Alya vidya in the Lanco Vitara fails it is plain that when the lank of Vitara sutra identifies the two terms this scripture necessarily diverges in the meaning of one or both of the terms from the usage of the term tathagatagarbha in the earlier Sri mala or of the term Alaia Vedanta in the subsequent yogacara school topic in Indian commentaries the tathagatagarbha doctrine was also widely discussed by Indian Mahayana scholars in treatises or commentaries called sastra the most influential of which was the Rinnegan travail Baga 5th century CE II topic written agha trova baaga or uh dura tantra sastra the Rinnegan of iboga also called uh turret entre sastra fifth century CE II is an Indian sastra in which synthesized all the major elements and themes of the tathagatagarbha theory it gives an overview of authoritative tathagatagarbha sutras mentioning the tathagatagarbha sutra thus ramallah devi semmanaadu sutra maha parinirvana sutra the angle emolia sutra the antonov VII purnatva nerd essa in the maha very Haruka sutra it presents the tathagatagarbha as an ultimate unconditional reality that is simultaneously the inherent dynamic process towards its complete manifestation mundane and enlightened reality are seen as complementary the sness tadada defiled as the tathagatagarbha and the snis undefiled his enlightenment in the Rinnegan of iboga the tathagatagarbha is seen as having three specific characteristics one dharmakaya to suchness and 3 disposition as well as the general characteristic for non conceptuality according to the writ negative iboga all sentient beings have the embryo of the Tathagata in three senses the tathagata's dharmakaya permeates all sentient beings the tathagata's ta-da'-da is omnipresent a vib beta the tathagata's species Kotra a synonym for tathagatagarbha occurs in them the Rinnegan of iboga equates enlightenment with the Nirvana realm in the Dharmakaya it gives a variety of synonyms for Garba the most frequently used being go try and Dante this text also explains the tathagatagarbha in terms of luminous mind the luminous nature of the mind is unchanging just like space topic madhyamaka school Indian madhyamaka philosophers interpreted the theory as a description of emptiness and as a non implicated negation bhava cos Tarka Jwala states the expression possessing the tathagata heart is used because emptiness signlessness wishlist nests and so on exist in the mind streams of all sentient beings however it is not something like a permanent and all-pervasive person that is the inner agent for we find passages such as all phenomena have the nature of emptiness signlessness and wishlist Ness what is emptiness signlessness and wishlist miss as the tathagata Kendrick Rudy's medomak avatar Basia States one should know that since the Alaia consciousness follows the nature of all entities it is nothing but emptiness that is taught through the term Alaia consciousness go lotsawa states that this statement is referencing the tathagatagarbha doctrine Kendrick Rudy's medomak avatar Basia also argues basing itself on the Lang covet ARRA Sutra that the statement of the emptiness of sentient beings being a Buddha adorned with all major and minor marks as of expedient meaning Kamala Sheila's C 742 795 madhyamaka Luca Associates tathagatagarbha with luminosity and luminosity with emptiness this statement all sentient beings possess the tathagata heart teaches that all are suitable to attain the state of unsurpassable completely perfect awakening since it is held that the term tathagata expresses that the Dharma da - which is characterized by personal and phenomenal identity lessness is natural luminosity uniquely among madhyamaka texts some texts attributed to Nagarjuna mainly poetic works like the Dharma da - stava chitta warszawa and bodhicitta viviana associate the term tathagatagarbha with the luminous nature of the mine topic yogacara scholars according to Brun holzle all early Indian yogacara masters such as a Sangha vasa bon dieu stroma tea and as vibhava if they refer to the term tathagatagarbha at all always explain it as nothing but suchness in the sense of twofold identity lessness some later yogacara scholars spoke of the tathagatagarbha in more positive terms such as jane jana Sumitra who in his Sakura City equates it with the appearances of lucidity pricasso Rupa likewise Brun holzle notes that ratnakara Santi generally describes the tathagata heart as being equivalent to naturally luminous mind none till self-awareness and the perfect nature which he considers to be an implicated negation and not a non implicated negation topic alaya Vigi onna the yogacara concept of the Alya vagina store consciousness also came to be associated by some scholars with the tathagatagarbha this can be seen in sutras like the Lang covet ARA thus Ramallah Davian in the translations of para Martha the concept of the Alya Vigi Ana originally meant defiled consciousness defiled by the workings of the five senses in the mind it was also seen as the mule of a Gianna the base consciousness or stream of consciousness from which awareness and perception spring to account for the notion of Buddha nature in all beings with the yogacara belief in the five categories of beings yogacara scholars in China such as su n CN 632 to 682 the first patriarch in China advocated two types of nature the latent nature found in all beings Li fushing in the Buddha nature in practice Sheng food the latter nature was determined by the innate seeds in the Alaia topic try kya doctrine around 300 seee the yogacara school systematized the prevalent ideas on the nature of the buddha in the trachea or three body doctrine according to this doctrine Buddhahood has three aspects the nirmanakaya or transformation body the earthly manifestation of the Buddha the sambhogakaya or enjoyment body a subtle body by which the Buddha appears to Bodhisattvas to teach them the Dharmakaya or Dharma body the ultimate nature of the Buddha and the ultimate nature of reality they may be described as follows the first is that knowledge body jnana kaya the inner nature shared by all buddhas their Buddha mass Buddha the second aspect of the Dharma body is the self-existent body swab avika kaya this is the ultimate nature of reality the sness emptiness the non nature which is the very nature of dharmas their Dharma nests Dharma de it is the tathagatagarbha and bodhicitta hidden within beings and the transformed storehouse consciousness topic in Chinese Buddhism the tathagatagarbha idea was extremely influential in the development of East Asian Buddhism when Buddhism was introduced to China in the first century CE II Buddhism was understood through comparisons of its teachings to Chinese terms and ways of thinking Chinese Buddhist thinkers like ji min do jadynn and we un D 433 interpreted Buddhist concepts in terms of the Chinese neo Taoist philosophy called dark learning Shuang zu this tendency was only later countered by the work of Chinese madhyamaka scholar translators like kumara Jeeva the Buddha nature idea was introduced into China with the translation of the mahaparinirvana sutra in the early 5th century in this text became the central source of Buddha nature doctrine in Chinese Buddhism based on their understanding of the Mahayana mahaparinirvana sutra some Chinese Buddhist supposed that the teaching of the Buddha nature was as stated by that Sutra the final Buddhist teaching and that there is an essential truth above Sanada and the two truths this idea was interpreted as being similar to the ideas of Dao in principle Lee in Chinese philosophy topic the awakening of faith the awakening of faith was very influential in the development of Chinese Buddhism said to have been translated by para Martha 499 to 569 while the text is traditionally attributed to as vasa no sanskrit version of the text is extant the earliest known versions are written in chinese and contemporary scholars believe that the text is a chinese composition the awakening of faith in the mahayana offers a synthesis of chinese buddhist thinking it sees the buddha nature doctrine as a cosmological theory in contrast to the Indo Tibetan tradition where the soteriological aspect is emphasized it described the one mind which includes in itself all states of being of the phenomenal and transcendental world it tried to harmonize the ideas of the tathagatagarbha and a lyova gianna in the words of the awakening of faith which summarizes the essentials of Mahayana self in world mind and suchness are integrally one everything is a carrier of that a priori enlightenment all incipient enlightenment is predicated on it the mystery of existence is then not how may we overcome alienation the challenge is rather why do we think we are lost in the first place in the awakening of faith that one mind has two aspects namely ta-da'-da suchness the things as they are and samsara the cycle of birth and death this text was in line with an essay by Emperor Wu of the Liang dynasty reign 502 to 549 C II in which he postulated a pure essence the enlightened mind trapped in darkness which is ignorant by this ignorance the pure mind is trapped in samsara this resembles the tathagatagarbha and the idea of the defilement of the luminous mind in a commentary on this essay Shen Yue stated that insight into this true essence is awakened by stopping the thoughts a point of view which is also being found in the platform Sutra of waning the joining together of these different ideas supported the notion of the a Keanu the one vehicle absolute oneness all-pervading Buddha wisdom and original enlightenment as a holistic whole this synthesis was a reflection of the unity which was attained in China with the United Song Dynasty topic in Chinese yogacara and madhyamaka by the sixth century seee buddha-nature had been well-established in chinese buddhism and a wide variety of theories developed to explain it one influential figure who wrote about buddha nature was Ching Ying Wei yuan five hundred twenty three to five hundred ninety to see a Chinese yoga Karen who argued for a kind of idealism which held that all Dharma's without exception originated and are formed from the true mind and other than the true mind there exists absolutely nothing which can give rise to false thoughts changing Wei yuan he equated this true mind with the Alaia vidya the tathagatagarbha and buddha nature foxing and held that it was in essence a true consciousness and a metaphysical principle that ensured that all sentient beings will reach enlightenment according to ming wood luo wei you'ens interpretation of the buddha nature doctrine represents the culmination of a long process of transformation of the buddha nature from a basically practical to an ontological concept the chinese yogacara school was also split on the relationship between the tathagatagarbha and a lyova gianna fa Shang 495 to 580 representing the southern yogacara asserted that they were separate that the Alaia was illusory and impure while buddha nature was the ultimate source of all phenomenal reality in the northern school meanwhile it was held that the Alya and Buddha nature were the same pure support for all phenomena in the 6th and 7th centuries the yogacara theory became associated with a substantial Istanbul metaphysics which saw Buddha nature as an eternal istic ground this idea was promoted by figures like fizz Aang and rotten Amati in contrast with the Chinese yogacara view the Chinese madhyamaka scholar jizeen 549 2 623 C II sought to remove all ontological connotations of the term as a metaphysical reality and saw Buddha nature as being synonymous with terms like tabata Dharma to Akiane wisdom ultimate reality quote quote middle way and also the wisdom that contemplates dependent origination in formulating his view was influenced by the earlier Chinese madhyamaka thinker sang cha 384 to 414 C II who was a key figure in outlining an understanding of emptiness which was based on the Indian sources and not on Taoist concepts which previous Chinese Buddhists had used used the compound middle-way buddha-nature joong-dal foxing zhong dafu Shang to refer to his view was also one of the first Chinese philosophers to famously argue that plants and in sentient objects of buddha nature which he also termed true reality and universal principle Dao in the 20th century the influential Chinese master Yin Chun drew on Chinese madhyamaka to argue against any yogacara influenced view that buddha nature was an underlying permanent ground of reality and instead supported the view that buddha nature teachings are just an expedient means yin shun drawing on his study of indian madhyamaka promoted the emptiness of all things as the ultimate Buddhist truth and argued that the Buddha nature teaching was a provisional teaching taught in order to ease the fear of some Buddhists regarding emptiness as well as to attract those people who have an affinity to the idea of a self or Brahman later after taking up the Buddhist path they would be introduced to the truth of emptiness topic in TNT in the Tian Tai school the primary figure as the scholar Zi according to Paul L Swanson none of Z's works discuss Buddha nature explicitly at length however yet it is still an important concept in his philosophy which is seen as synonymous with the Akiane principle outlined in the Lotus Sutra Swanson argues that for Zi Buddha nature as an active threefold process which involves the way reality is the wisdom to see reality as it is and the practice required to attain this wisdom Buddha nature is threefold the three aspects of reality wisdom and practice are interdependent one aspect does not make any sense without the others Buddha nature for Z therefore has three aspects which he bases on passages from the Lotus Sutra and the Nirvana Sutra the direct cause of attaining Buddhahood the innate potential in all sentient beings to become Buddhist which is the aspect of true nature the way things are the complete cause of attaining Buddhahood which is the aspect of wisdom that illuminates the true nature and the goal of practice the conditional causes of attaining Buddhahood which is the aspect of the practices and activities that lead to Buddhahood the later T&T scholar genre expand the TNT view of Buddha nature which he saw is synonymous with such nassif or the idea that in sentient rocks and plants also have Buddha nature topic in Chan Buddhism in Chan Buddhism Buddha nature tends to be seen as the non substantial essential nature of all beings but the Zen tradition also emphasizes that Buddha nature is sunyata the absence of an independent and substantial self chan masters from waning in 7th century China to Haku and ikkaku in 18th century Japan to Xiu Yin in 20th century China have all taught that the process of awakening begins with the light of the mind turning around within the eighth consciousness so that the alive Anjana also known as the tathagatagarbha is transformed into the bright mirror wisdom the Lanco Vitara sutra presents the chan zen buddhist view of the tathagatagarbha the buddha said now mohammed ii what is perfect knowledge it is realized when one casts aside the discriminating notions of form named reality and character it is the inner realization by noble wisdom this perfect knowledge maha mati is the essence of the tathagatagarbha when this active transformation is complete the other seven consciousnesses are also transformed the seventh consciousness of delusive discrimination becomes transformed into the Equality wisdom the sixth consciousness of thinking sense becomes transformed into that profound observing wisdom and the first 2/5 consciousnesses of the five sensory senses become transformed into the all performing wisdom the chan master mizue dao y:i 709 to 713 of Buddha nature famously stating that it was nothing less than ordinary mind and that all beings were already enlightened from the start the influential chan patriarch guifang zhang my 782 841 interpreted buddha nature as empty tranquil awareness Kang Chi Chi which he took from the Jose School of Chan following thus ramallah sutra he interpreted the theory of emptiness as presented in the progeny parameter sutras as provisional and saw buddha nature as the definitive teaching of Buddhism according to hang Ching she the teaching of the universal Buddha nature does not intend to assert the existence of substantial entity like self endowed with excellent features of a Buddha rather Buddha nature simply represents the potentiality to be realized in the future singen 48 patriarch of the linji school equates the buddha nature with the Dharmakaya in line with pronouncements in Keita the gada Garba sutras he defines these two as the inherent nature that exists in all beings in Mahayana Buddhism enlightenment as a process of uncovering this inherent nature the Buddha nature is identical with transcendental reality the unity of the Buddha with everything that exists topic Korean Buddhism in the Korean Vajra Samadhi Sutra 685 seee the tathagatagarbha is presented as being possessed of two elements one essential immutable changeless and still the other active and salvation' 'el this dharma of the one mind which is the original tathagatagarbha is said to be calm and motionless the vajrasana DS analysis of tathagatagarbha also recalls a distinction the awakening of faith makes between the calm unchanging essence of the mind and it's active adaptable function the tathagatagarbha is equated with the original edge of reality Buddha Cote that is beyond all distinctions the equivalent of original enlightenment or the essence but tathagatagarbha is also the active functioning of that original enlightenment the inspirational power of that fundamental faculty the tathagatagarbha is thus both the original edge of reality that is beyond cultivation equals essence as well as the specific types of wisdom and mystical talents that are the byproducts of enlightenment equals function equals topic Japanese Buddhism equals topic Nichiren Buddhism Nichiren 1222 to 1282 was a Buddhist monk who taught devotion to the Lotus Sutra as the exclusive means to attain enlightenment and the chanting of namu myoho renge Kyo is the essential practice of the teaching Nichiren Buddhism includes various schools with diverging interpretations of nichiren's teachings Nichiren Buddhism views the Buddha nature as the inner potential for attaining Buddhahood common to all people based on the Lotus Sutra Nichiren maintained that all living being possessed the Buddha nature being the inherent potential to attain Buddhahood the Buddha nature refers to the potential for attaining Buddhahood a state of awakening filled with compassion and wisdom the emphasis in Nichiren Buddhism is on revealing the Buddha nature or attaining Buddhahood in this lifetime through chanting the name of the Dharma of the Lotus Sutra T the Buddha nature within us has summoned forth and manifested by our chanting of nam-myoho-renge-kyo the potential for Buddhahood exists in the whole spectrum of the ten worlds of life and this means that all people including evildoers of Buddha nature which remains as a dormant possibility or a theoretical potential in the field of emptiness or non substantiality until it is materialized in reality through Buddhist practice in his letter opening the eyes of wooden and painted images Nichiren explains that in sentient matter such as trees mandalas images statues also possess the Buddha nature because they serve as objects of worship this view regards the Buddha nature as the original nature of all manifestations of life sentient and in sentient through their interconnectedness this concept of the enlightenment of plants in turn derives from the doctrine of three thousand realms in a single moment of life which teaches that all life in sentient insentient possesses the Buddha nature topic Zen Buddhism the founder of the Soto school of Zen Buddhism Duggan's ng held that Buddha nature Basho Fusheng was simply the true nature of reality and being this true nature was just impermanence becoming and vast emptiness because he saw the whole universe as an expression of Buddha nature he held that even grass and trees are Buddha nature therefore the very impertinent tree thicket and forest as the Buddha nature the very impermanence e of men and things body and mind is the Buddha nature nature and lands mountains and rivers are impermanent because they are the Buddha nature supreme and complete enlightenment because it is impermanent is the Buddha nature the founder of San Bochy Odin lineage of Zen Buddhism yasutani hakuna Roshi also defined Buddha nature in terms of the emptiness and impermanence of all Dharma's everything by its very nature is subject to the process of infinite transformation this is its Buddha or Dharma nature what is the substance of this Buddha or Dharma nature in Buddhism it is called qu Shunyata now qu is not mere emptiness it is that which is living dynamic devoid of mass unfixed beyond individuality or personality the matrix of all phenomena a famous reference to Buddha nature in the Zen tradition as the MU : a monk asked Jo Jo Cong Jen a Chinese Zen master known as Joshua in Japanese has a dog Buddha nature or not jo Jo answered it does not would Chinese mu in Japanese topic Shin Buddhism the founder of the jodo shinshu of pure land buddhism Shinran equated buddha nature with shinjin topic Tibetan Buddhism in Tibetan Buddhist scholastics there are two main camps of interpreting Buddha nature there are those who argue that tathagatagarbha is just emptiness described either as Dharma due to the nature of phenomena or a non implicated negation and there are those who see it as the union of the minds emptiness and luminosity which includes the Buddha qualities the gelug school of tibetan buddhism favors what is called the rank tong interpretation of priests and iike madhyamaka philosophy they thus interpret buddha nature as an expedient term for the emptiness of inherent existence other schools especially the joning in kagyu have tended to accept the Shenton other empty madhyamaka philosophy which discerns an absolute which is empty of adventitious defilements which are intrinsically other than it but is not empty of its own inherent existence these interpretations of the tathagatagarbha teachings has been a matter of intensive debates in tibet topic gelug an early Tibetan translator Ngoc lotsawa 1052 1109 argues in his commentary to the Uttara Tantra that buddha nature is a non implicative negation which is to say that it is emptiness as a total negation of inherent existence slava that does not imply that anything is left unneeded in terms of its svabhava another early figure Chobot chokki Sanj also argued that buddha nature was a non implicated negation the Kadampa tradition generally followed not lotsawa by holding that buddha nature was a non implicated negation the gelug school which sees itself as a continuation of the Kadampa s-- also hold this view while also holding as Csaba did that buddha nature teachings are of expedient meaning head rubs age a leg ball song 1385 to 1438 one of the main disciples of tsong khapa defined the tathagatagarbha thus it is the emptiness of minds being empty of being really established that is called the naturally pure true nature of the mind the naturally pure true nature of the mind in its phase of not being free from adventitious stains as called sugata heart or naturally abiding disposition run holzle states that the view of gau shabd dharma rinchen 1364 to 1432 is that the tathagata heart is the state of a being and whom minds emptiness is obscured while buddhas by definition do not possess this tathagata heart the 14th Dalai Lama sees the Buddha nature as the original clear light of mind but points out that it ultimately does not exist independently because like all other phenomena it is of the nature of emptiness once one pronounces the words emptiness and absolute one has the impression of speaking of the same thing in fact of the absolute if emptiness must be explained through the use of just one of these two terms there will be confusion I must say this otherwise you might think that the innate original clear light is absolute truth really exists topic satya Sakya Pandita 1182 to 1250 one sees the buddha nature as the dharma to free from all reference points and states that the teaching that buddha nature exists in all beings as of expedient meaning and that its basis is emptiness citing Kendrick Rudy's medomak avatar Basia the sake of scholar Rondon meanwhile argued that Buddha nature is such nice boys stains or emptiness of the mind with stains sake Oh scholar boot and wrench and rub 1292 1364 like the gelugpa s held that the Buddha nature teachings were of expedient meaning and that that the naturally abiding disposition is nothing but emptiness however unlike them his view was that the basis for these teachings is the Alaia Vidya and also that Buddha nature is the Dharmakaya of the Buddha but never exists in the great mass of sentient beings according to Brun holzle in the works of the influential Satya scholar Garamba Sonam senge 1429 to 1489 Buddha nature s non dual unity of minds lucidity and emptiness or awareness and emptiness free from all reference points it is not mere emptiness because sheer emptiness cannot be the basis of both samsara and nirvana however it is not mere lucidity either because this lucidity is a conditioned entity and the tathagata heart is unconditioned satya choked and meanwhile argues that the ultimate Buddha nature has Minds natural luminosity free from all extremes of reference points which is the sphere of personally experienced wisdom and an implicated negation topic joning the joning school whose foremost historical figure was the tibetan scholar mung dal PO Beshear Abbe Galton 1292 to 1361 sees the Buddha nature as the very ground of the Buddha himself as the permanent indwelling of the Buddha in the basal state according to Brun holzle dal Papa basing himself uncertainty the gada Garba sutras argued that the Buddha nature is ultimately really established everlasting eternal permanent immutable Thursday and being beyond dependent origination this is the foundation of what is called the Shenton view moreover the buddhist tantric Scripture entitled chanting the names of Manya Sri Manya Serena MA Sangeeta repeatedly exalts as portrayed by dal Papa not the non-self but the self and applies the following terms to this ultimate reality the Buddhist self the beginningless self the solid self the diamond self these terms are applied in a manner which reflects the katha fatik approach to Buddhism typical of much of dull Papa's writings dr. Cyrus Stearns writes that dull Papa's attitude to the third turning of the wheel doctrines ie the Buddha nature teachings is that they are the final definitive statements on the nature of ultimate reality the primordial ground or substrate and beyond the chain of dependent origination and which is only empty of other relative phenomena topic nygma in the Ning the school doctrines on buddha-nature are generally marked by the tendency to align the idea with zou chin views as well as with press on jika madhyamaka beginning with the work of wrongs 'm 1042 to 11:36 and continuing into the work of longchenpa 1308 to 1364 and me from 1846 to 1912 me from rinpoche the most authoritative figure in modern nigma adopted a view of buddha nature as the unity of appearance and emptiness relating it to the descriptions of the ground in zou Chen as outlined by longchenpa this ground is said to be primordial ii pure kadai and spontaneously present e'en grub Germano rights that sochan represents the most sophisticated interpretation of the so-called buddha nature tradition within the context of indo-tibetan thought the 19th 20th century english scholar chechen Galt SAP Durham Pema namgyal sees the Buddha nature as ultimate truth nirvana which is constituted of profundity primordial peace and radiance Buddha nature is immaculate it is profound serene unfair cated suchness and uncompounded expanse of luminosity non arising unceasing primordial peace spontaneously present Nirvana Tulku or Jian Rinpoche sees an identity between the Buddha nature Dharma dato essence of all phenomena and the noumenon and the three Varis saying Dharma donto is adorned with dharmakaya which is endowed with Dharma to wisdom this is a brief but very profound statement because Dharma da2 also refers to sugata Garba or Buddha nature Buddha nature is all-encompassing this buddha-nature is present just as the shining sun is present in the sky it is indivisible from the three Vadra x' ie the Buddha's body speech and mind of the awakened state which do not perish or change the mingling meditation masters kenshin Paulding Shi Rabun khenpo so wang daniel emphasized that the essential nature of the mind the buddha nature is not a blankness but is characterized by wonderful qualities and a non conceptual perfection that is already present and complete it's just obscured and we fail to recognize it speaking in the context of Nima zou Chen ponlop expresses the view that there exists within Vajrayana Buddhism the doctrine that we are already Buddha in the Vajrayana we are Buddha right now in this very moment and that it is legitimate to have Bhadra pride in our Buddha mind and the already present qualities of enlightenment with which it is replete Vajra pride refers to our pride and confidence in the absolute nature of our mind as Buddha primordial II originally pure awake and full of the qualities of enlightenment topic kagyu according to Brun holzle virtually all kagyu masters hold the teaching on buddha nature to be a definitive meaning and denied that the tathagata heart has just sheer emptiness or a non implicative negation though the kagyu approach has certain similarities with dole tapas view it is generally less absolute than the ladders and shows several significant differences such as not claiming that the Buddha qualities exist in their full-blown form even in confused sentient beings and not making such an absolute distinction between the two realities as dal PO pod as the exception as jamgön control load wrote a who largely follows Taran Atta and dal Papa but at times blends their positions with the third karma is view in kagyu the view of the third karmapa is generally seen as the most authoritative this is the view that Buddha nature us minds luminous ultimate nature or non-dual wisdom which is the basis of everything in samsara and Nirvana rangu Rinpoche sees the Buddha nature as the indivisible oneness of wisdom and emptiness the union of wisdom and emptiness is the essence of Buddhahood or what is called Buddha nature SKT tagada Garba because it contains the very seed the potential of Buddhahood it resides in each and every being and because of this essential nature this heart nature there is the possibility of reaching Buddhahood topic the remai movement the rim a movement as an ecumenical movement in Tibet which started as an attempt to reconcile the various Tibetan schools in the 19th century in contrast to the Galya GPA which adheres to the rank strong self empty or person geek a point of view the rim a movement supports Shen Tong G's on Tong other empty an essential nature which is pure radiant non-dual consciousness jamgön control says about the two systems madhyamika philosophies have no differences in realizing as Shunyata all phenomena that we experience on a relative level they have no differences also in reaching the meditative state where all extremes ideas completely dissolve their difference lies in the words they used to describe the dharma de shen tong describes the dharma de the mind of buddha is ultimately real while ranked on philosophers feared that if it is described that way people might understand it as the concept of soul or Atma the Shen Tong philosopher believes that there is a more serious possibility of misunderstanding in describing the enlightened state as unreal and void control finds the ranked Hong Way of presentation the best to dissolve concepts in the Shenton way the best to describe the experience topic modern scholarship modern scholarship points to the various possible interpretations of Buddha nature as either an essential self as Sanada or is the inherent possibility of awakening topic essential self Shen pen hook'em oxford buddhist scholar and tibetan lama of the Shen tong tradition writes of the buddha nature or true self as something real and permanent and already present within the being is uncompounded enlightenment she calls it the buddha within and comments in scriptural terms there can be no real objection to referring to Buddha Buddhist Nana Buddha awareness Buddha knowledge Nirvana and so forth as the true self unless the concept of Buddha and so forth being propounded can be shown to be impermanent suffering compounded or imperfect in some way in Shen Tong terms the non self is about what is not the case and the self of the third Dharma chakra ie the Buddha nature doctrine is about what truly s Buddhist scholar and chronicler mer Fowler writes that the Buddha nature really is present as an essence within each being Fowler Commons the teaching that Buddha nature is the hidden essence within all sentient beings as the main message of the tathagatagarbha literature the earliest of which is the tathagatagarbha sutra this short Sutra says that all living beings are in essence identical to the Buddha regardless of their defilements or there continuing transmigration from life to life as in the earlier traditions there is present the idea that enlightenment or Nirvana is not something which has to be achieved it is something which is already there in a way it means that everyone is really a Buddha now topic sunyata according to Hank qianxi the tathagatagarbha buddha-nature does not represent a substantial self admin rather it is a positive language expression of emptiness sunyata which emphasizes the potentiality to realize Buddhahood through Buddhist practices the intention of the teaching of tathagatagarbha Buddha nature is soteriological rather than theoretical Paul Williams puts forward the madhyamaka interpretation of the Buddha nature as emptiness in the following terms if one is a madhyamika then that which enables sentient beings to become Buddha's must be the very factor that enables the minds of sentient beings to change into the minds of Buddhist that which enables things to change is their simple absence of inherent existence their emptiness thus the tathagatagarbha becomes emptiness itself but specifically emptiness when applied to the mental continuum topic critical buddhist interpretation several contemporary Japanese Buddhist scholars headed under the label critical Buddhism to Han Vecchio pipe Fojo have been critical of Buddha nature thought according to Matsumoto Shiro and Haku Maia noriaki of kumazawa University essentialist conceptions of Buddha nature are at odds with the fundamental Buddhist doctrine of dependent origination and non-self anatman the Buddha nature doctrines which they label as dot Avada substantial ism sometimes rendered locus theory or topical ism and generative monism is not Buddhism at all as defined by Matsumoto this locus theory or dot Avada which he rejects as unbootable ayka sama existent locus dot o or basis as the cause that produces the manifold phenomena or super-low Sai Dharma Matsumoto further argues that tathagatagarbha thought was a Buddhist version of Hindu monism formed by the influence of Hinduism gradually introduced into Buddhism especially after the rise of Mahayana Buddhism other Japanese scholars responded to this view leading to a lively debate in Japan Takasaki G Kido a well-known authority on tathagatagarbha thought accepted that Buddha nature theories are similar to Panasonic theories and that da2 vada is an accurate expression of the structure of these doctrines but argues that the Buddha nature texts are aware of this and that Buddha nature is not necessarily unbootable likewise hirokawa akira sees buddha nature as the potential to attain Buddhahood which not static but ever-changing and argues that dato does not necessarily mean sub stratum he points to some agamas which identified da2 with pratityasamutpada Western scholars have reacted in different ways to this idea Sally B King objects to their view seeing the Buddha nature as a metaphor for the potential in all beings to attain Buddhahood rather than as an ontological reality Robert H sharp notes that the worries of the critical Buddhists is nothing new for the early tathagatagarbha scriptures betray a similar anxiety as they tacitly acknowledge that the doctrine is close to if not identical with the heretical Atma vada teachings of the non-buddhists he also notes how the Nirvana Sutra tacitly concedes the on Buddhist roots of the tathagatagarbha idea Scharf also has pointed out how certain southern qian masters were concerned with other interpretations of buddha nature showing how the tendency to critique certain views of buddha nature is not new in East Asian Buddhism Peter and Gregory has also argued that at least some East Asian interpretations of Buddha nature are equivalent to what critical Buddhists called da to vada especially the work of some me who emphasizes the underlying ontological ground on which all phenomenal appearances sang are based which he variously refers to as the nature saying the one mind eyes Sheen according to dan lust house certain Chinese Buddhist ideologies which became dominant in the eighth century promoted the idea of an underlying metaphysical substratum or underlying invariant universal metaphysical source and thus do seem to be a kind of Dottie vada according to lust house in early Tang China 7th 8th century there was a deliberate attempt to divorce Chinese Buddhism from developments in India lest house notes that the wyan thinker FA sang was influential in this theological trend who promoted the idea that true Buddhism was about comprehending the one mind that alone is the ground of reality weixin Paul Williams too has criticized this view saying that critical Buddhism is too narrow in its definition of what constitutes Buddhism according to Williams we should abandon any simplistic identification of Buddhism with a straightforward not self definition topic multiple meanings you sudden degrees with Williams critique on the narrowness of any single interpretation in discussing the inadequacies of modern scholarship on buddha-nature sudden states one is impressed by the fact that these authors as a rule tend to opt for a single meaning disregarding all other possible meanings which are embraced in turn by other texts he goes on to point out that the term tathagatagarbha has up to six possible connotations of these he says the three most important are an underlying ontological reality or essential nature Tathagata tadada via tariqa which is functionally equivalent to a self Atman in a new Panasonic sense the Dharmakaya which penetrates all beings Sarvis sattva su dharmakaya Paris Farina which is functionally equivalent to Brahman in a new Panasonic sense the womb or matrix of Buddhahood existing in all beings Tathagata gotras Sambhav a-- which provides beings with the possibility of awakening of these three sudden claims that only the third connotation has any soteriological significance while the other two posit Buddha nature as an ontological reality and essential nature behind all phenomena topic see also equals equals notes	buddha nature or buddha principle refers to several related terms most notably tathagatagarbha and buddha dato tathagatagarbha means the womb or embryo garba of that thus gone tathagata or containing a tathagata while buddha da du literally means buddha realm or buddha substrate tathagatagarbha has a wide range of sometimes conflicting meanings in indian and later east asian and tibetan buddhist literature debates on what the term means continues to be a major part of mahayana buddhist scholastics for example the tibetan scholar go lotsawa outlined 4 meanings of the term tathagatagarbha as used by indian buddhist scholars generally one as an emptiness that is a non implicated negation to the luminous nature of the mind 3 alya vigi onna store consciousness for all bodhisattvas and sentient beings topic etymology you topic tathagatagarbha the term tathagatagarbha may mean embryonic tathagata womb of the tathagata or containing a tathagata various meanings may all be brought into mind when the term tathagatagarbha is being used topic compound the sanskrit term tathagatagarbha is a compound of 2 terms tata gada and garba tathagata means the one thus gone referring to the buddha it is composed of tatha and a gada the scum or tatha and gada thus gone the term refers to a buddha who has thus gone from samsara into nirvana and thus come from nirvana into samsara to work for the salvation of all sentient beings garba womb embryo center essence topic asian translations the chinese translated the term tathagatagarbha as traditional chinese rule i kang pinyin rule a jean or tathagata is rule i storehouse zhuang according to brown storehouse may indicate both that which in folds or contained something or that which is itself in folded hidden or contained by another the tibetan translation as dbz ng segs pais nyan po which cannot be translated as womb m ng al or l hums but as embryonic essence kernel or heart the term heart was also used by mongolian translators topic western translations the term tathagatagarbha is translated and interpreted in various ways by western translators and scholars according to sally king the term tathagatagarbha may be understood in 2 ways embryonic tathagata the incipient buddha the cause of the tathagata womb of the tathagata the fruit of tathagata according to king the chinese rule a zhong was taken in its meaning as womb or fruit waymon and waymon also point out that the chinese regularly takes garba as womb but prefer to use the term embryo according to brown following waymon and waymon embryo is the best fitting translation since it preserves the dynamic self transformative nature of the tathagata garba according to zimmerman garba may also mean the interior or center of something and its essence or central part as a tip or isa it may refer to a person being a womb for or container of the tathagata as a ba hoover ehi it may refer to a person as having an embryonic tathagata inside in both cases this embryonic tathagata still has to be developed zimmerman concludes that tathagatagarbha as a ba hoover ehi meaning containing a tathagata but notes the variety of meanings of garba such as containing born from embryo embracing concealing womb calyx child member of a clan core which may all be brought into mind when the term tathagatagarbha is being used topic buddha nature the term buddha nature traditional chinese fushing pinyin foxing japanese basho is closely related in meaning to the term tathagatagarbha but is not a translation of this term it refers to what is essential in the human being the corresponding sanskrit term is buddha do it has 2 meanings namely the nature of the buddha equivalent to the term dharmakaya and the cause of the buddha the link between the cause and the result is the nature da which is common to both namely the dharma da matsumoto shiro also points out that buddha nature translates the sanskrit term buddha to a place to put something a foundation a locus according to shiro it does not mean original nature or essence nor does it mean the possibility of the attainment of buddhahood the original nature of the buddha or the essence of the buddha in the vajrayana the term for buddha nature is suga tiger ma topic indian sutra sources you topic earliest sources according to wayman the idea of the tathagatagarbha is grounded on sayings by the buddha that there is something called the luminous mind prabhas vara citta which is only adventitious li covered over by defilements a gan turkic lisa the luminous mind is mentioned in a passage from the anga torah nakiya luminous monks is the mind and it is defiled by incoming defilements the maha some vika school coupled this idea of the luminous mind with the idea of the mullah vijnana the substratum consciousness that serves as the basis consciousness from the idea of the luminous mind emerged the idea that the awakened mind is the pure visually undefiled mine in the tathagatagarbha sutras it is this pure consciousness that is regarded to be the seed from which buddhahood grows when this intrinsically pure consciousness came to be regarded as an element capable of growing into buddhahood there was the embryo garba of the tathagata equals buddha doctrine whether or not this term is employed carl brun holzle writes that the 1st probable mention of the term is in the echo tariqa agama though here it is used in a different way than in later texts the passage states if someone devotes himself to the a qatari kagama then he has the tathagata garba even if his body cannot exhaust defilements in this life in his next life he will attain supreme wisdom this tathagatagarbha idea was the result of an interplay between various strands of buddhist thought on the nature of human consciousness and the means of awakening gregory comments on this origin of the tathagatagarbha doctrine the implication of this doctrine is that enlightenment as the natural and true state of the mind topic avatamsaka sutra according to wayman the avatamsaka sutra 1st 3rd century ce ii was the next step in the development of the buddha nature thought after the concept of the luminous mind w here it is taught that the buddha is divine knowledge pervades sentient beings and that it is representation in an individual being is the substratum consciousness the avatamsaka sutra does not contain a singular discussion of the concept but the idea of a universal penetration of sentient beings by the wisdom of the buddha buddha gianna was complimentary to the concept of the buddha womb the basic idea of the avatamsaka sutra is the unity of the absolute and the relative all in 11 in all the all melts into a single hole there are no divisions in the totality of reality it views the cosmos as holy as one brightpearl the universal reality of the buddha the universal buddhahood of all reality as the religious message of the avatamsaka sutra all levels of reality are related and interpenetrated this is depicted in the image of indras net this unity in totality allows every individual entity of the phenomenal world its uniqueness without attributing an inherent nature to anything topic sad arma pundarika sutra the lotus sutra skt sad dharma pandorica sutra written between 100 bce and 200 ce ii does not mention buddha nature but shares other themes and ideas with the later tagada garba sutras like the tathagatagarbha sutra and some scholars theorized that it was an influence on these texts the 10th chapter emphasizes in accordance with the bodhisattva ideal of the mahayana teachings that everyone can be liberated all living beings can become a buddha not only monks and nuns but also laypeople serve occas bodhisattvas and non human creatures it also details that all living beings can be a teacher of the dharma the 12th chapter of the lotus sutra details that the potential to become enlightened as universal among all people even the historical devaraja has the potential to become a buddha the story of devadasi is followed by another story about a dragon princess who is both a naga and a female whom the bodhisattva manjusri proclaims will reach enlightenment immediately in her present form topic tether got to garbage sutras there are several major indian texts which discussed the idea of buddha nature and they are often termed the tathagatagarbha sutras according to brun holzle the earliest mahayana sutras that are based on and discussed the notion of tathagatagarbha as the buddha potential that is innate in all sentient beings began to appear in written form in the late 2nd and early 3rd century their ideas became very influential in east asian buddhism and tibetan buddhism mahayana sutras which mentioned this doctrine include the tathagatagarbha sutra and anat vii purnatva nur dasa ramallah devi simonetta sutra mahayana mahaparinirvana sutra anjali meliha sutra in the lank of vitara sutra the tathagatagarbha sutra 200 to 250 c ii is considered the earliest expression of this the tathagatagarbha doctrine and the term tathagatagarbha itself seems to have been coined in this very sutra it states that one is already or primordial ii awakened and that all beings already have perfect buddhahood within themselves but do not recognize it because it is covered over by afflictions another one of these texts the gan of you has sutra as quoted by longchenpa states that the tathagatagarbha is the ground of all things the ultimate universal ground also has always been with the buddha essence tathagatagarbha and this essence in terms of the universal ground has been taught by the tathagata the fools who do not know it because of their habits see even the universal ground as having various happiness and suffering and actions and emotional defilements its nature is pure and immaculate its qualities are as wishing jewels there are neither changes nor cessations whoever realizes it attains liberation you topic ramallah devi semmanaadu sutra thus ramallah devi semmanaadu sutra 3rd century ce he also named the lion is roar of queens ramallah centers on the teaching of the tathagatagarbha ultimate soteriological principle regarding the tathagatagarbha it states lord the tathagatagarbha is neither self nor sentient being nor soul more personality the tathagatagarbha is not the domain of beings who fall into the belief in a real personality who adhered to wayward views whose thoughts are distracted by voidness lord this tathagatagarbha as the embryo of the illustrious dharma due to the embryo of the dharmakaya the embryo of the super mundane dharma the embryo of the intrinsically pure dharma in this ramallah devi semmanaadu sutra there are 2 possible states for the tathagatagarbha e either covered by defilement when it is called only embryo of the tathagata or free from defilements when the embryo of the tathagata is no more the embryo potentiality but the tathagata actuality the sutra itself states it this way this dharmakaya of the tathagata when not free from the store of defilement is referred to as the tathagatagarbha topic mahaparinirvana sutra the early buddha nature concept has expressed in the seminal tathagatagarbha sutra named the nirvana sutra as according to kevin traynor as follows sentient beings are said to possess a sacred nature that is the basis for them becoming buddhist this buddha nature has in fact our true nature universal and completely unsullied by whatever psychological and karmic state an individual may be in the mahaparinirvana sutra written 2nd century ce ii was very influential in the chinese reception of the buddhist teachings the mahayana mahaparinirvana sutra linked the concept of tathagatagarbha with the buddha to kosho yamamoto points out that the nirvana sutra contains a series of equations thus there comes about the equation of buddha body topic dharmakaya eternal body topic eternal buddha eternity quote according to shimoda masahiro the authors of the mahaparinirvana sutra were leaders and advocates of stupa worship the term buddha dato originally referred to relics in the mahaparinirvana sutra it came to be used in place of the concept of tathagatagarbha the authors used the teachings of the tathagatagarbha sutra to reshape the worship of the physical relics of the buddha into worship of the inner buddha as a principle of salvation sasaki in a review of shimoda conveys a key premise of shimoda z work namely that the origins of mahayana buddhism and the nirvana sutra are entwined the buddha nature is always present in all times and in all beings this does not mean that sentient beings are at present endowed with the qualities of a buddha but that they will have those qualities in the future it is obscured from worldly vision by the screening effect of tenacious negative mental afflictions within each being once these negative mental states have been eliminated however the buddha dato is said to shine forth unimpeded li and the buddhists fear buddha do this aya can then be consciously entered into and therewith deathless nirvana attained t kita the gada garba is none but the snis or the buddha nature and as the originally untainted pure mind which lies over spread by and exists in the mind of greed and anger of all beings this bespeaks a buddha body that exists in a state of bondage according to sally became it does not represent a major innovation and is rather unsystematic which made it a fruitful one for later students and commentators who are obliged to create their own order and bring it to the text according to kain its most important innovation is the linking of the term buddha do with tathagatagarbha the sutra presents the boot in nature or tathagatagarbha zhou self the mahaparinirvana sutra refers to a true self the mahayana mahaparinirvana sutra especially influential in east asian buddhist thought goes so far as to speak of it as our true self atman it is precise metaphysical and ontological status as however open to interpretation in the terms of different mahayana philosophical schools for the madhyamika sit must be empty of its own existence like everything else for the yoga currents following the lank of vitara it can be identified with store consciousness as the receptacle of the seeds of awakening paul williams states it is obvious that the mahaparinirvana sutra does not consider it impossible for a buddhist to affirm anatman provided it is clear what the correct understanding of this concept s and indeed the sutra clearly sees certain advantages in doing so but it speaks about buddha nature in so many different ways that chinese scholars created a list of types of buddha nature that could be found in the text paul williams also notes nevertheless the sutra as it stands is quite clear that while we can speak of the tathagatagarbha as self actually it is not at all a self and those who have such self notions cannot perceive the tathagatagarbha and thus become enlightened see ruing one 9 8 9 8 21 to 6 topic lankavatara sutra the lang covet arra sutra compiled 350 to 400 seee synthesized the tathagatagarbha doctrine and the alaia vidya doctrine the lang covet arra sutra assimilates tathagatagarbha thought to the yogacara viewpoint and this assimilation is further developed in the treatise on the awakening of faith in the mahayana according to the lanco vitara sutra tathagatagarbha is identical to the alaia vidya known prior to awakening as the storehouse consciousness or 8th consciousness the alaia vision yonder is supposed to contain the pure seed or tathagatagarbha from which awakening arises the lankavatara sutra contains tathagatagarbha thought but also warns against reification of the idea of buddha nature and presents it as an aid to attaining awakening is not this tat that got to garbett taught by the blessed one the same as the ego substance taught by the philosophers the ego is taught by the philosophers as an eternal creator unqualified omnipresent and imperishable the blessed one replied it is emptiness reality limit nirvana being unborn unqualified and avoidable effort the reason why the tathagata is teach the doctrine pointing to the tathagatagarbha as to make the ignorant cast aside their fear when they listen to the teaching of egolessness and to have them realize the state of non discrimination and image lessness according to alex and hideko wayman the equation of tathagatagarbha and alya vidya in the lanco vitara fails it is plain that when the lank of vitara sutra identifies the 2 terms this scripture necessarily diverges in the meaning of one or both of the terms from the usage of the term tathagatagarbha in the earlier sri mala or of the term alaia vedanta in the subsequent yogacara school topic in indian commentaries the tathagatagarbha doctrine was also widely discussed by indian mahayana scholars in treatises or commentaries called sastra the most influential of which was the rinnegan travail baga 5th century ce ii topic written agha trova baaga or dura tantra sastra the rinnegan of iboga also called turret entre sastra 5th century ce ii is an indian sastra in which synthesized all the major elements and themes of the tathagatagarbha theory it gives an overview of authoritative tathagatagarbha sutras mentioning the tathagatagarbha sutra thus ramallah devi semmanaadu sutra maha parinirvana sutra the angle emolia sutra the antonov vii purnatva nerd essa in the maha very haruka sutra it presents the tathagatagarbha as an ultimate unconditional reality that is simultaneously the inherent dynamic process towards its complete manifestation mundane and enlightened reality are seen as complementary the sness tadada defiled as the tathagatagarbha and the snis undefiled his enlightenment in the rinnegan of iboga the tathagatagarbha is seen as having 3 specific characteristics one dharmakaya to suchness and 3 disposition as well as the general characteristic for non conceptuality according to the writ negative iboga all sentient beings have the embryo of the tathagata in 3 senses the tathagata is dharmakaya permeates all sentient beings the tathagata is ta da da is omnipresent a vib beta the tathagata is species kotra a synonym for tathagatagarbha occurs in them the rinnegan of iboga equates enlightenment with the nirvana realm in the dharmakaya it gives a variety of synonyms for garba the most frequently used being go try and dante this text also explains the tathagatagarbha in terms of luminous mind the luminous nature of the mind is unchanging just like space topic madhyamaka school indian madhyamaka philosophers interpreted the theory as a description of emptiness and as a non implicated negation bhava cos tarka jwala states the expression possessing the tathagata heart is used because emptiness signlessness wishlist nests and so on exist in the mind streams of all sentient beings however it is not something like a permanent and all pervasive person that is the inner agent for we find passages such as all phenomena have the nature of emptiness signlessness and wishlist ness what is emptiness signlessness and wishlist miss as the tathagata kendrick rudy is medomak avatar basia states one should know that since the alaia consciousness follows the nature of all entities it is nothing but emptiness that is taught through the term alaia consciousness go lotsawa states that this statement is referencing the tathagatagarbha doctrine kendrick rudy is medomak avatar basia also argues basing itself on the lang covet arra sutra that the statement of the emptiness of sentient beings being a buddha adorned with all major and minor marks as of expedient meaning kamala sheila is c 742 795 madhyamaka luca associates tathagatagarbha with luminosity and luminosity with emptiness this statement all sentient beings possess the tathagata heart teaches that all are suitable to attain the state of unsurpassable completely perfect awakening since it is held that the term tathagata expresses that the dharma da which is characterized by personal and phenomenal identity lessness is natural luminosity uniquely among madhyamaka texts some texts attributed to nagarjuna mainly poetic works like the dharma da stava chitta warszawa and bodhicitta viviana associate the term tathagatagarbha with the luminous nature of the mine topic yogacara scholars according to brun holzle all early indian yogacara masters such as a sangha vasa bon dieu stroma tea and as vibhava if they refer to the term tathagatagarbha at all always explain it as nothing but suchness in the sense of twofold identity lessness some later yogacara scholars spoke of the tathagatagarbha in more positive terms such as jane jana sumitra who in his sakura city equates it with the appearances of lucidity pricasso rupa likewise brun holzle notes that ratnakara santi generally describes the tathagata heart as being equivalent to naturally luminous mind none till self awareness and the perfect nature which he considers to be an implicated negation and not a non implicated negation topic alaya vigi onna the yogacara concept of the alya vagina store consciousness also came to be associated by some scholars with the tathagatagarbha this can be seen in sutras like the lang covet ara thus ramallah davian in the translations of para martha the concept of the alya vigi ana originally meant defiled consciousness defiled by the workings of the 5 senses in the mind it was also seen as the mule of a gianna the base consciousness or stream of consciousness from which awareness and perception spring to account for the notion of buddha nature in all beings with the yogacara belief in the 5 categories of beings yogacara scholars in china such as su n cn 632 to 682 the 1st patriarch in china advocated 2 types of nature the latent nature found in all beings li fushing in the buddha nature in practice sheng food the latter nature was determined by the innate seeds in the alaia topic try kya doctrine around 300 seee the yogacara school systematized the prevalent ideas on the nature of the buddha in the trachea or 3 body doctrine according to this doctrine buddhahood has 3 aspects the nirmanakaya or transformation body the earthly manifestation of the buddha the sambhogakaya or enjoyment body a subtle body by which the buddha appears to bodhisattvas to teach them the dharmakaya or dharma body the ultimate nature of the buddha and the ultimate nature of reality they may be described as follows the 1st is that knowledge body jnana kaya the inner nature shared by all buddhas their buddha mass buddha the 2nd aspect of the dharma body is the self existent body swab avika kaya this is the ultimate nature of reality the sness emptiness the non nature which is the very nature of dharmas their dharma nests dharma de it is the tathagatagarbha and bodhicitta hidden within beings and the transformed storehouse consciousness topic in chinese buddhism the tathagatagarbha idea was extremely influential in the development of east asian buddhism when buddhism was introduced to china in the 1st century ce ii buddhism was understood through comparisons of its teachings to chinese terms and ways of thinking chinese buddhist thinkers like ji min do jadynn and we un d 433 interpreted buddhist concepts in terms of the chinese neo taoist philosophy called dark learning shuang zu this tendency was only later countered by the work of chinese madhyamaka scholar translators like kumara jeeva the buddha nature idea was introduced into china with the translation of the mahaparinirvana sutra in the early 5th century in this text became the central source of buddha nature doctrine in chinese buddhism based on their understanding of the mahayana mahaparinirvana sutra some chinese buddhist supposed that the teaching of the buddha nature was as stated by that sutra the final buddhist teaching and that there is an essential truth above sanada and the 2 truths this idea was interpreted as being similar to the ideas of dao in principle lee in chinese philosophy topic the awakening of faith the awakening of faith was very influential in the development of chinese buddhism said to have been translated by para martha 499 to 569 while the text is traditionally attributed to as vasa no sanskrit version of the text is extant the earliest known versions are written in chinese and contemporary scholars believe that the text is a chinese composition the awakening of faith in the mahayana offers a synthesis of chinese buddhist thinking it sees the buddha nature doctrine as a cosmological theory in contrast to the indo tibetan tradition where the soteriological aspect is emphasized it described the one mind which includes in itself all states of being of the phenomenal and transcendental world it tried to harmonize the ideas of the tathagatagarbha and a lyova gianna in the words of the awakening of faith which summarizes the essentials of mahayana self in world mind and suchness are integrally one everything is a carrier of that a priori enlightenment all incipient enlightenment is predicated on it the mystery of existence is then not how may we overcome alienation the challenge is rather why do we think we are lost in the 1st place in the awakening of faith that one mind has 2 aspects namely ta da da suchness the things as they are and samsara the cycle of birth and death this text was in line with an essay by emperor wu of the liang dynasty reign 502 to 549 c ii in which he postulated a pure essence the enlightened mind trapped in darkness which is ignorant by this ignorance the pure mind is trapped in samsara this resembles the tathagatagarbha and the idea of the defilement of the luminous mind in a commentary on this essay shen yue stated that insight into this true essence is awakened by stopping the thoughts a point of view which is also being found in the platform sutra of waning the joining together of these different ideas supported the notion of the a keanu the one vehicle absolute oneness all pervading buddha wisdom and original enlightenment as a holistic whole this synthesis was a reflection of the unity which was attained in china with the united song dynasty topic in chinese yogacara and madhyamaka by the 6th century seee buddha nature had been well established in chinese buddhism and a wide variety of theories developed to explain it one influential figure who wrote about buddha nature was ching ying wei yuan 523 to 590 to see a chinese yoga karen who argued for a kind of idealism which held that all dharma is without exception originated and are formed from the true mind and other than the true mind there exists absolutely nothing which can give rise to false thoughts changing wei yuan he equated this true mind with the alaia vidya the tathagatagarbha and buddha nature foxing and held that it was in essence a true consciousness and a metaphysical principle that ensured that all sentient beings will reach enlightenment according to ming wood luo wei you ens interpretation of the buddha nature doctrine represents the culmination of a long process of transformation of the buddha nature from a basically practical to an ontological concept the chinese yogacara school was also split on the relationship between the tathagatagarbha and a lyova gianna fa shang 495 to 580 representing the southern yogacara asserted that they were separate that the alaia was illusory and impure while buddha nature was the ultimate source of all phenomenal reality in the northern school meanwhile it was held that the alya and buddha nature were the same pure support for all phenomena in the 6th and 7th centuries the yogacara theory became associated with a substantial istanbul metaphysics which saw buddha nature as an eternal istic ground this idea was promoted by figures like fizz aang and rotten amati in contrast with the chinese yogacara view the chinese madhyamaka scholar jizeen 549 2 623 c ii sought to remove all ontological connotations of the term as a metaphysical reality and saw buddha nature as being synonymous with terms like tabata dharma to akiane wisdom ultimate reality quote quote middle way and also the wisdom that contemplates dependent origination in formulating his view was influenced by the earlier chinese madhyamaka thinker sang cha 384 to 414 c ii who was a key figure in outlining an understanding of emptiness which was based on the indian sources and not on taoist concepts which previous chinese buddhists had used used the compound middle way buddha nature joong dal foxing zhong dafu shang to refer to his view was also one of the 1st chinese philosophers to famously argue that plants and in sentient objects of buddha nature which he also termed true reality and universal principle dao in the 20th century the influential chinese master yin chun drew on chinese madhyamaka to argue against any yogacara influenced view that buddha nature was an underlying permanent ground of reality and instead supported the view that buddha nature teachings are just an expedient means yin shun drawing on his study of indian madhyamaka promoted the emptiness of all things as the ultimate buddhist truth and argued that the buddha nature teaching was a provisional teaching taught in order to ease the fear of some buddhists regarding emptiness as well as to attract those people who have an affinity to the idea of a self or brahman later after taking up the buddhist path they would be introduced to the truth of emptiness topic in tnt in the tian tai school the primary figure as the scholar zi according to paul l swanson none of z is works discuss buddha nature explicitly at length however yet it is still an important concept in his philosophy which is seen as synonymous with the akiane principle outlined in the lotus sutra swanson argues that for zi buddha nature as an active threefold process which involves the way reality is the wisdom to see reality as it is and the practice required to attain this wisdom buddha nature is threefold the 3 aspects of reality wisdom and practice are interdependent one aspect does not make any sense without the others buddha nature for z therefore has 3 aspects which he bases on passages from the lotus sutra and the nirvana sutra the direct cause of attaining buddhahood the innate potential in all sentient beings to become buddhist which is the aspect of true nature the way things are the complete cause of attaining buddhahood which is the aspect of wisdom that illuminates the true nature and the goal of practice the conditional causes of attaining buddhahood which is the aspect of the practices and activities that lead to buddhahood the later t amp t scholar genre expand the tnt view of buddha nature which he saw is synonymous with such nassif or the idea that in sentient rocks and plants also have buddha nature topic in chan buddhism in chan buddhism buddha nature tends to be seen as the non substantial essential nature of all beings but the zen tradition also emphasizes that buddha nature is sunyata the absence of an independent and substantial self chan masters from waning in 7th century china to haku and ikkaku in 18th century japan to xiu yin in 20th century china have all taught that the process of awakening begins with the light of the mind turning around within the 8th consciousness so that the alive anjana also known as the tathagatagarbha is transformed into the bright mirror wisdom the lanco vitara sutra presents the chan zen buddhist view of the tathagatagarbha the buddha said now mohammed ii what is perfect knowledge it is realized when one casts aside the discriminating notions of form named reality and character it is the inner realization by noble wisdom this perfect knowledge maha mati is the essence of the tathagatagarbha when this active transformation is complete the other 7 consciousnesses are also transformed the 7th consciousness of delusive discrimination becomes transformed into the equality wisdom the 6th consciousness of thinking sense becomes transformed into that profound observing wisdom and the 1st 2 5 consciousnesses of the 5 sensory senses become transformed into the all performing wisdom the chan master mizue dao y i 709 to 713 of buddha nature famously stating that it was nothing less than ordinary mind and that all beings were already enlightened from the start the influential chan patriarch guifang zhang my 782 841 interpreted buddha nature as empty tranquil awareness kang chi chi which he took from the jose school of chan following thus ramallah sutra he interpreted the theory of emptiness as presented in the progeny parameter sutras as provisional and saw buddha nature as the definitive teaching of buddhism according to hang ching she the teaching of the universal buddha nature does not intend to assert the existence of substantial entity like self endowed with excellent features of a buddha rather buddha nature simply represents the potentiality to be realized in the future singen 48 patriarch of the linji school equates the buddha nature with the dharmakaya in line with pronouncements in keita the gada garba sutras he defines these 2 as the inherent nature that exists in all beings in mahayana buddhism enlightenment as a process of uncovering this inherent nature the buddha nature is identical with transcendental reality the unity of the buddha with everything that exists topic korean buddhism in the korean vajra samadhi sutra 685 seee the tathagatagarbha is presented as being possessed of 2 elements one essential immutable changeless and still the other active and salvation el this dharma of the one mind which is the original tathagatagarbha is said to be calm and motionless the vajrasana ds analysis of tathagatagarbha also recalls a distinction the awakening of faith makes between the calm unchanging essence of the mind and it is active adaptable function the tathagatagarbha is equated with the original edge of reality buddha cote that is beyond all distinctions the equivalent of original enlightenment or the essence but tathagatagarbha is also the active functioning of that original enlightenment the inspirational power of that fundamental faculty the tathagatagarbha is thus both the original edge of reality that is beyond cultivation equals essence as well as the specific types of wisdom and mystical talents that are the byproducts of enlightenment equals function equals topic japanese buddhism equals topic nichiren buddhism nichiren 1222 to 1282 was a buddhist monk who taught devotion to the lotus sutra as the exclusive means to attain enlightenment and the chanting of namu myoho renge kyo is the essential practice of the teaching nichiren buddhism includes various schools with diverging interpretations of nichiren is teachings nichiren buddhism views the buddha nature as the inner potential for attaining buddhahood common to all people based on the lotus sutra nichiren maintained that all living being possessed the buddha nature being the inherent potential to attain buddhahood the buddha nature refers to the potential for attaining buddhahood a state of awakening filled with compassion and wisdom the emphasis in nichiren buddhism is on revealing the buddha nature or attaining buddhahood in this lifetime through chanting the name of the dharma of the lotus sutra t the buddha nature within us has summoned forth and manifested by our chanting of nam myoho renge kyo the potential for buddhahood exists in the whole spectrum of the 10 worlds of life and this means that all people including evildoers of buddha nature which remains as a dormant possibility or a theoretical potential in the field of emptiness or non substantiality until it is materialized in reality through buddhist practice in his letter opening the eyes of wooden and painted images nichiren explains that in sentient matter such as trees mandalas images statues also possess the buddha nature because they serve as objects of worship this view regards the buddha nature as the original nature of all manifestations of life sentient and in sentient through their interconnectedness this concept of the enlightenment of plants in turn derives from the doctrine of 3000 realms in a single moment of life which teaches that all life in sentient insentient possesses the buddha nature topic zen buddhism the founder of the soto school of zen buddhism duggan is ng held that buddha nature basho fusheng was simply the true nature of reality and being this true nature was just impermanence becoming and vast emptiness because he saw the whole universe as an expression of buddha nature he held that even grass and trees are buddha nature therefore the very impertinent tree thicket and forest as the buddha nature the very impermanence e of men and things body and mind is the buddha nature nature and lands mountains and rivers are impermanent because they are the buddha nature supreme and complete enlightenment because it is impermanent is the buddha nature the founder of san bochy odin lineage of zen buddhism yasutani hakuna roshi also defined buddha nature in terms of the emptiness and impermanence of all dharma is everything by its very nature is subject to the process of infinite transformation this is its buddha or dharma nature what is the substance of this buddha or dharma nature in buddhism it is called qu shunyata now qu is not mere emptiness it is that which is living dynamic devoid of mass unfixed beyond individuality or personality the matrix of all phenomena a famous reference to buddha nature in the zen tradition as the mu a monk asked jo jo cong jen a chinese zen master known as joshua in japanese has a dog buddha nature or not jo jo answered it does not would chinese mu in japanese topic shin buddhism the founder of the jodo shinshu of pure land buddhism shinran equated buddha nature with shinjin topic tibetan buddhism in tibetan buddhist scholastics there are 2 main camps of interpreting buddha nature there are those who argue that tathagatagarbha is just emptiness described either as dharma due to the nature of phenomena or a non implicated negation and there are those who see it as the union of the minds emptiness and luminosity which includes the buddha qualities the gelug school of tibetan buddhism favors what is called the rank tong interpretation of priests and iike madhyamaka philosophy they thus interpret buddha nature as an expedient term for the emptiness of inherent existence other schools especially the joning in kagyu have tended to accept the shenton other empty madhyamaka philosophy which discerns an absolute which is empty of adventitious defilements which are intrinsically other than it but is not empty of its own inherent existence these interpretations of the tathagatagarbha teachings has been a matter of intensive debates in tibet topic gelug an early tibetan translator ngoc lotsawa 1052 1109 argues in his commentary to the uttara tantra that buddha nature is a non implicative negation which is to say that it is emptiness as a total negation of inherent existence slava that does not imply that anything is left unneeded in terms of its svabhava another early figure chobot chokki sanj also argued that buddha nature was a non implicated negation the kadampa tradition generally followed not lotsawa by holding that buddha nature was a non implicated negation the gelug school which sees itself as a continuation of the kadampa s also hold this view while also holding as csaba did that buddha nature teachings are of expedient meaning head rubs age a leg ball song 1385 to 14381 of the main disciples of tsong khapa defined the tathagatagarbha thus it is the emptiness of minds being empty of being really established that is called the naturally pure true nature of the mind the naturally pure true nature of the mind in its phase of not being free from adventitious stains as called sugata heart or naturally abiding disposition run holzle states that the view of gau shabd dharma rinchen 1364 to 1432 is that the tathagata heart is the state of a being and whom minds emptiness is obscured while buddhas by definition do not possess this tathagata heart the 14th dalai lama sees the buddha nature as the original clear light of mind but points out that it ultimately does not exist independently because like all other phenomena it is of the nature of emptiness once one pronounces the words emptiness and absolute one has the impression of speaking of the same thing in fact of the absolute if emptiness must be explained through the use of just one of these 2 terms there will be confusion i must say this otherwise you might think that the innate original clear light is absolute truth really exists topic satya sakya pandita 1182 to 1251 sees the buddha nature as the dharma to free from all reference points and states that the teaching that buddha nature exists in all beings as of expedient meaning and that its basis is emptiness citing kendrick rudy is medomak avatar basia the sake of scholar rondon meanwhile argued that buddha nature is such nice boys stains or emptiness of the mind with stains sake 0 scholar boot and wrench and rub 1292 1364 like the gelugpa s held that the buddha nature teachings were of expedient meaning and that that the naturally abiding disposition is nothing but emptiness however unlike them his view was that the basis for these teachings is the alaia vidya and also that buddha nature is the dharmakaya of the buddha but never exists in the great mass of sentient beings according to brun holzle in the works of the influential satya scholar garamba sonam senge 1429 to 1489 buddha nature s non dual unity of minds lucidity and emptiness or awareness and emptiness free from all reference points it is not mere emptiness because sheer emptiness cannot be the basis of both samsara and nirvana however it is not mere lucidity either because this lucidity is a conditioned entity and the tathagata heart is unconditioned satya choked and meanwhile argues that the ultimate buddha nature has minds natural luminosity free from all extremes of reference points which is the sphere of personally experienced wisdom and an implicated negation topic joning the joning school whose foremost historical figure was the tibetan scholar mung dal po beshear abbe galton 1292 to 1361 sees the buddha nature as the very ground of the buddha himself as the permanent indwelling of the buddha in the basal state according to brun holzle dal papa basing himself uncertainty the gada garba sutras argued that the buddha nature is ultimately really established everlasting eternal permanent immutable thursday and being beyond dependent origination this is the foundation of what is called the shenton view moreover the buddhist tantric scripture entitled chanting the names of manya sri manya serena ma sangeeta repeatedly exalts as portrayed by dal papa not the non self but the self and applies the following terms to this ultimate reality the buddhist self the beginningless self the solid self the diamond self these terms are applied in a manner which reflects the katha fatik approach to buddhism typical of much of dull papa is writings doctor cyrus stearns writes that dull papa is attitude to the 3rd turning of the wheel doctrines ie the buddha nature teachings is that they are the final definitive statements on the nature of ultimate reality the primordial ground or substrate and beyond the chain of dependent origination and which is only empty of other relative phenomena topic nygma in the ning the school doctrines on buddha nature are generally marked by the tendency to align the idea with zou chin views as well as with press on jika madhyamaka beginning with the work of wrongs am 1042 to 11 36 and continuing into the work of longchenpa 1308 to 1364 and me from 1846 to 1912 me from rinpoche the most authoritative figure in modern nigma adopted a view of buddha nature as the unity of appearance and emptiness relating it to the descriptions of the ground in zou chen as outlined by longchenpa this ground is said to be primordial ii pure kadai and spontaneously present e en grub germano rights that sochan represents the most sophisticated interpretation of the so called buddha nature tradition within the context of indo tibetan thought the 19th 20th century english scholar chechen galt sap durham pema namgyal sees the buddha nature as ultimate truth nirvana which is constituted of profundity primordial peace and radiance buddha nature is immaculate it is profound serene unfair cated suchness and uncompounded expanse of luminosity non arising unceasing primordial peace spontaneously present nirvana tulku or jian rinpoche sees an identity between the buddha nature dharma dato essence of all phenomena and the noumenon and the 3 varis saying dharma donto is adorned with dharmakaya which is endowed with dharma to wisdom this is a brief but very profound statement because dharma da 2 also refers to sugata garba or buddha nature buddha nature is all encompassing this buddha nature is present just as the shining sun is present in the sky it is indivisible from the 3 vadra x ie the buddha is body speech and mind of the awakened state which do not perish or change the mingling meditation masters kenshin paulding shi rabun khenpo so wang daniel emphasized that the essential nature of the mind the buddha nature is not a blankness but is characterized by wonderful qualities and a non conceptual perfection that is already present and complete it is just obscured and we fail to recognize it speaking in the context of nima zou chen ponlop expresses the view that there exists within vajrayana buddhism the doctrine that we are already buddha in the vajrayana we are buddha right now in this very moment and that it is legitimate to have bhadra pride in our buddha mind and the already present qualities of enlightenment with which it is replete vajra pride refers to our pride and confidence in the absolute nature of our mind as buddha primordial ii originally pure awake and full of the qualities of enlightenment topic kagyu according to brun holzle virtually all kagyu masters hold the teaching on buddha nature to be a definitive meaning and denied that the tathagata heart has just sheer emptiness or a non implicative negation though the kagyu approach has certain similarities with dole tapas view it is generally less absolute than the ladders and shows several significant differences such as not claiming that the buddha qualities exist in their full blown form even in confused sentient beings and not making such an absolute distinction between the 2 realities as dal po pod as the exception as jamgon control load wrote a who largely follows taran atta and dal papa but at times blends their positions with the 3rd karma is view in kagyu the view of the 3rd karmapa is generally seen as the most authoritative this is the view that buddha nature us minds luminous ultimate nature or non dual wisdom which is the basis of everything in samsara and nirvana rangu rinpoche sees the buddha nature as the indivisible oneness of wisdom and emptiness the union of wisdom and emptiness is the essence of buddhahood or what is called buddha nature skt tagada garba because it contains the very seed the potential of buddhahood it resides in each and every being and because of this essential nature this heart nature there is the possibility of reaching buddhahood topic the remai movement the rim a movement as an ecumenical movement in tibet which started as an attempt to reconcile the various tibetan schools in the 19th century in contrast to the galya gpa which adheres to the rank strong self empty or person geek a point of view the rim a movement supports shen tong g is on tong other empty an essential nature which is pure radiant non dual consciousness jamgon control says about the 2 systems madhyamika philosophies have no differences in realizing as shunyata all phenomena that we experience on a relative level they have no differences also in reaching the meditative state where all extremes ideas completely dissolve their difference lies in the words they used to describe the dharma de shen tong describes the dharma de the mind of buddha is ultimately real while ranked on philosophers feared that if it is described that way people might understand it as the concept of soul or atma the shen tong philosopher believes that there is a more serious possibility of misunderstanding in describing the enlightened state as unreal and void control finds the ranked hong way of presentation the best to dissolve concepts in the shenton way the best to describe the experience topic modern scholarship modern scholarship points to the various possible interpretations of buddha nature as either an essential self as sanada or is the inherent possibility of awakening topic essential self shen pen hook em oxford buddhist scholar and tibetan lama of the shen tong tradition writes of the buddha nature or true self as something real and permanent and already present within the being is uncompounded enlightenment she calls it the buddha within and comments in scriptural terms there can be no real objection to referring to buddha buddhist nana buddha awareness buddha knowledge nirvana and so forth as the true self unless the concept of buddha and so forth being propounded can be shown to be impermanent suffering compounded or imperfect in some way in shen tong terms the non self is about what is not the case and the self of the 3rd dharma chakra ie the buddha nature doctrine is about what truly s buddhist scholar and chronicler mer fowler writes that the buddha nature really is present as an essence within each being fowler commons the teaching that buddha nature is the hidden essence within all sentient beings as the main message of the tathagatagarbha literature the earliest of which is the tathagatagarbha sutra this short sutra says that all living beings are in essence identical to the buddha regardless of their defilements or there continuing transmigration from life to life as in the earlier traditions there is present the idea that enlightenment or nirvana is not something which has to be achieved it is something which is already there in a way it means that everyone is really a buddha now topic sunyata according to hank qianxi the tathagatagarbha buddha nature does not represent a substantial self admin rather it is a positive language expression of emptiness sunyata which emphasizes the potentiality to realize buddhahood through buddhist practices the intention of the teaching of tathagatagarbha buddha nature is soteriological rather than theoretical paul williams puts forward the madhyamaka interpretation of the buddha nature as emptiness in the following terms if one is a madhyamika then that which enables sentient beings to become buddha is must be the very factor that enables the minds of sentient beings to change into the minds of buddhist that which enables things to change is their simple absence of inherent existence their emptiness thus the tathagatagarbha becomes emptiness itself but specifically emptiness when applied to the mental continuum topic critical buddhist interpretation several contemporary japanese buddhist scholars headed under the label critical buddhism to han vecchio pipe fojo have been critical of buddha nature thought according to matsumoto shiro and haku maia noriaki of kumazawa university essentialist conceptions of buddha nature are at odds with the fundamental buddhist doctrine of dependent origination and non self anatman the buddha nature doctrines which they label as dot avada substantial ism sometimes rendered locus theory or topical ism and generative monism is not buddhism at all as defined by matsumoto this locus theory or dot avada which he rejects as unbootable ayka sama existent locus dot 0 or basis as the cause that produces the manifold phenomena or super low sai dharma matsumoto further argues that tathagatagarbha thought was a buddhist version of hindu monism formed by the influence of hinduism gradually introduced into buddhism especially after the rise of mahayana buddhism other japanese scholars responded to this view leading to a lively debate in japan takasaki g kido a well known authority on tathagatagarbha thought accepted that buddha nature theories are similar to panasonic theories and that da 2 vada is an accurate expression of the structure of these doctrines but argues that the buddha nature texts are aware of this and that buddha nature is not necessarily unbootable likewise hirokawa akira sees buddha nature as the potential to attain buddhahood which not static but ever changing and argues that dato does not necessarily mean sub stratum he points to some agamas which identified da 2 with pratityasamutpada western scholars have reacted in different ways to this idea sally b king objects to their view seeing the buddha nature as a metaphor for the potential in all beings to attain buddhahood rather than as an ontological reality robert h sharp notes that the worries of the critical buddhists is nothing new for the early tathagatagarbha scriptures betray a similar anxiety as they tacitly acknowledge that the doctrine is close to if not identical with the heretical atma vada teachings of the non buddhists he also notes how the nirvana sutra tacitly concedes the on buddhist roots of the tathagatagarbha idea scharf also has pointed out how certain southern qian masters were concerned with other interpretations of buddha nature showing how the tendency to critique certain views of buddha nature is not new in east asian buddhism peter and gregory has also argued that at least some east asian interpretations of buddha nature are equivalent to what critical buddhists called da to vada especially the work of some me who emphasizes the underlying ontological ground on which all phenomenal appearances sang are based which he variously refers to as the nature saying the one mind eyes sheen according to dan lust house certain chinese buddhist ideologies which became dominant in the 8th century promoted the idea of an underlying metaphysical substratum or underlying invariant universal metaphysical source and thus do seem to be a kind of dottie vada according to lust house in early tang china 7th 8th century there was a deliberate attempt to divorce chinese buddhism from developments in india lest house notes that the wyan thinker fa sang was influential in this theological trend who promoted the idea that true buddhism was about comprehending the one mind that alone is the ground of reality weixin paul williams too has criticized this view saying that critical buddhism is too narrow in its definition of what constitutes buddhism according to williams we should abandon any simplistic identification of buddhism with a straightforward not self definition topic multiple meanings you sudden degrees with williams critique on the narrowness of any single interpretation in discussing the inadequacies of modern scholarship on buddha nature sudden states one is impressed by the fact that these authors as a rule tend to opt for a single meaning disregarding all other possible meanings which are embraced in turn by other texts he goes on to point out that the term tathagatagarbha has up to 6 possible connotations of these he says the 3 most important are an underlying ontological reality or essential nature tathagata tadada via tariqa which is functionally equivalent to a self atman in a new panasonic sense the dharmakaya which penetrates all beings sarvis sattva su dharmakaya paris farina which is functionally equivalent to brahman in a new panasonic sense the womb or matrix of buddhahood existing in all beings tathagata gotras sambhav a which provides beings with the possibility of awakening of these 3 sudden claims that only the 3rd connotation has any soteriological significance while the other 2 posit buddha nature as an ontological reality and essential nature behind all phenomena topic see also equals equals notes	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UCGrQN_sF6A
4,089.173313	just briefly for people who came in late the slides are actually balding calm / comment / publications and actually if you bug me and you came in really late you want the whole thing I have audio recordings I would do audio recordings so it's take if you take me a while to get it then and I'm actually I accept my own YouTube channel because I do these lectures quite regularly in a lot this one is new but you can actually hear the last year's lecture I gave and stuff like that so a lot of us up you'll hear you kind of go oh yeah as you said that with in a different way yeah I know I never give the same lecture twice okay so we've covered kind of two-fifths because skip over it and Jeremy have to give you more time to cover in this class and the other class might aggregate does anyone have any like show-stopping questions that we want to cover right now before I yeah so this is when we do the advertisement for system thinking Ontario which is it's a lifetime pursuit I didn't start in systems so I started in 1998 and the reason I started was I have an assignment at the Advanced Business Institute which IBM an executive education facility these--we education for free and Steve Hakala wrote this book called a - better prize and I studied at that point like business for eight years like I have undergrad and commerce I have an MBA from Kellogg School it's two years the people you can see if Steve Technol is saying all these unreasonable sorts of things and he finally said go read some Russakoff why do the Breitner book and then what after when I started work writing books it actually a very good foundation because I'd say Steve this way of writing in the book but ruff said is this and how does that compare and so one of the observers to this actually says that they believe that Steve would never have written the book except for the arguments we should get into because at one point Steve said I told you to read rough takeoff not become rustic huh rough a cough and and you guys had a reading from John sheet character doggie who is working directly with him a coffee is really valuable he is the most published author in system thinking and he is really great because he is clear he is super super clear after you've got the clarity then you can figure out why he's wrong and so you end up with a sort of thing so that's why it's even dipping into a cup and then out of a coffin into a coffin out of a coffin because of that clarity and so people that actually understand take off well great systems thinkers he he had the program in return Pennsylvania and I meet these people and like brilliant but passing that on and trying to move beyond that when I was president of the International Society for system sciences my agenda was that most the system thinking that you see is actually kind of 1980s era and that's where it's frozen but systems scientists had moved past that and it's gone to continue to all sort of work if people aren't recognizing that so the difference between me and a lot of other people assist the community is I'm back to current with the research I'm trying to push particular things forward so yeah you'll get to it just if that's for this way try to keep the third Wednesday of the month after you graduate from this program come back this is the thickening Ontario because we have these discussions and everyone they're still trying to figure stuff out like a sore thumb yeah and those comes first in your perspective just okay so function is well so they all kind of exist it's not it's not a proceeding sort of thing the the issue with function so so if you're doing stuff like system dynamics so you've already careful the language so the International Society for the system sciences when I took it to in Cosi which is the systems engineering community they're they're making jokes because firstly you say systems which is know it's plural not singular and then you say Sciences and engineers don't like that it's like how could you work on multiple Sciences so systems dynamics system dynamics is within a system and it focuses on structure a process they focus less on profs on on function because they don't look at the containing whole the containing whole generally means that you're in what's called hierarchy theory and that's really what Timothy Allen actually does which he's a leader in hierarchy theory which says you know looking at the water versus hydrogen and oxygen sort of stuff if you had to do that on two-dimensional graph graph and draw it then it's like well you can draw the function actually doesn't happen on a flat surface like that it's actually multi-dimensional so they all happen and and so another thing that that's been a bit of debate particularly with systems engineers they go our systems real and the answer systems are not real systems are human beings way of dealing with the complexity in the world that's the way we represent things and so systems are never real all these constructs about function structure they're think that we make up try to understand the real world and discuss with each other the one of the first things that happened when you get the system's thinking is you have to make sure you're both discussing the same system and then we expecting the same system and you draw a boundary around it is the boundary in both time and space and then when active draw on the system what is the environment around that because we don't think about the environment is bounded but when you talk about it the environment can't be everything right so in the Tavistock work that what's called a field the field is in effect the relevant environment you're talking about it so you have the system and in the field which is relevant environment so I didn't ask your question yes so so in mechanical system structure equals function in biological systems that's not the case so let's teach you covered old cabbage so we're talking aparts holes and their relations the parts are actually systems so in your body do you have your respiratory system and your digestive system the operate in parallel but deciding which one is a part of what it's kind of like well the digestive system and the respiratory system are not independent because your digestive system probably takes gases into account so it's like so the parts are actually systems they're not just mechanistic you know carburetor type parts and and that's that's challenge of getting over it and and and if you start working on system thinking it's never clear it's the sort of thing you're just gonna go oh you know that you're on a streetcar you're going you're thinking you're like oh that's a system and okay I get it now this stuff just takes a while there's no fast way of doing okay let me proceed I had talked about unfreeze change and freeze which gets me into the trumpet innovation series compared to innovation learning theory stuff that's the book I'm going to talk about a history of social psychological technical technological systems that come from cattle talk that would leave the causal textbook theory pacing layers of change and then my process change matrix which people find out to be quite practical okay of you how many of you have organizational change they were heard of unfreeze change freeze okay so maybe for deep perspective so if you're doing we're gonna kick tail change this is kind of the foundational idea and it comes from Kurt it's read do with the be unfreeze change and refreeze is how we change the system is that you go through this period and you come and you unfreeze the system and it's like going to army boot camp well how do you create a new arm well first thing to take all these people and you break them down to boot camp so they're all equal which is the unfreezing part and then you give them new behavior which is changing it and then new Freeza and you reinforce them do you know how an army that operate the same way that's the way the army works well if you actually look at the history of this this act is something new it does think of this lecture it's like well this change has three steps as they call it unfreeze change that refreeze was not something that actually Lewin Levine actually wrote himself he actually wrote the unfreeze part and then it turns out that over the 50 1950s 1960s they get with the change these parts but when you're looking at this sort of idea this is based off more ideas of structure than process although it's a kind of structure process when thinking about looking at from the perspective of the day you could talk about it like ecologists do when you're trying to do regime shifts so multiple stable states they're trying to move from one stable state to another stable state and the way you would do that is you have a stable state you have this trance and you try to push them in a new stable state can you do that will it stick how people read innovators dilemma plate the Christensen okay so innovators dilemma of the original research when Christensen was doing his ph.d he didn't research into three-and-a-half-inch describes a fire according to drive tries essentially manufacturers had this issue which was as pc technology was coming out they were building five and a quarter inch drives hard drives and the more you build them the better they get the price goes down the quality goes up the capacity goes up but there came this thing called laptop and you can move either used old technology that was a five into quarter inch drive or three and a half inch drives smaller drives that fit in laptops and so they end up with what they call the innovative dilemma you can either satisfy the old marketplace the old people that were buying all the five quarter inch drives and they're reliable you make them happier as a matter of fact people serving those customers it's kind of like I want exactly what I've got is gonna work faster and I want more capacity the other way of looking at it would be make the shift into a new unproven market three and a half inch drives there are no standards they break down more for they're unreliable and then less capacity so why would you do that and so you end up with innovative dilemma and it's actually a reworking of Jupiter's creative instruction idea where you start off with what's called sustain technologies in product orbits but then the question should you have to definitely different curve so before I fell it for the benefit of a Vinayak I know each other wearing through IBM people with IBM are going through this process right now and you have to have been through one before because when I joined IBM I was there before Lou Gerstner took over and so I was there with the company actually could have gone bankrupt and so when you have to go through a change like this is this a sort of change you want to look at where you making a shift and you're doing the unfreeze change and refreeze or is it something different now 2006 work with IBM 2006 for you okay so this is the mantra that we learned and it's actually pretty good so what's what's going on the innovation and the nature of innovation has changed and they said it'll nation is now open collaborative multi-disc learning global which is really great to say and you know it's kind of as IBM are there in this manner I'd say their innovation is cage whaling innovation but it doesn't make sense to me so it's like I wrote a blog post a long time ago if that doesn't make sense well what was it before if it was not open collaborative apply this canary mobile so we have the idea Industrial Age where you have no idea private or use that private Rd so we had IBM research you have Bell Labs doesn't art concur the telecom wrong I think smart element but essentially the idea that came out of there was that you did all your research e to develop when you had a pipeline and everything was done internally we have this change towards open standards interfaces and choosing expedient platforms were for advancing design and so this is the basis of the book of open innovation learning and I take as an example now which this is a research book heavy backward-looking if you look at IBM's cloud technologies today where were all those technologies developed so number one IBM bluemix or IBM cloud that's called now was actually developed by pivotal it's open source project as interesting over two pivotal and going over there cuz typical guys are complaining you know typical is doing all the legwork on this stuff and IBM is free riding on us and it's like we wish IBM would just get premium poor people to work on the pivotal project except they forget that IBM invested the first billion dollars in Linux in 1999 and and then I think those two years ago they committed the second billion dollars and so IBM as good could make an open-source community like well you know because actually do they build the operating systems internally well they don't do that anymore to ship some strategy so the I mean you would have private research versus open research new production chains value chains that sort of way and you know into organizational contracts so when you look at economics you typical theory of the firm if something the questions why the firm's exist once you're making a marketplace and it's because of these transaction cost economics and everything works that way but the idea today is you have collaborative where your alliances co-producing and doing accelerator learning that's why github is important but everyone here has been on github or understand github ok so everyone knows minused or Bald's number one and mentioned from the store bolt was latest or bowles invented Oh all right this way I come here to history of science nothing that Linda's Torvald with a grad student at University Helsinki and invented Linux okay what was the top west it would know I guess what was Linda's Torvalds number two invention Linda's Torvalds number two invention was ditched and what is get get is a check-in/check-out just a fur coat because when you are working on a project there's two ways the old way of working on code was I'm working on code and no one else can work out a lot of works on I'm totally computer systems you guys can't touch it now you're doing there is a serial leader that's not going to do things so what minister ball does did was invent a parallel technology in an effect the way that github works is that you have sections and so Jeremy works on chapter one and I'm working on chapter nine and we write that independently and then what happens is as you're quite time to come I could say okay it's something I write impact you and we go back and we match those things up but that's what you do in this sort of environment where you're dealing collaboratively and you're dealing in an efficient way you can parallel line stuff because but you want to work on everything in a complicated structure now when you make the complexity when you want to make it a complex system you have to put it back together again but you're designing it so that you can actually go from complex to complicate it back to complex complicated and going back before playback the method before you speak and legal problem solving and you understand what that means now the new way is multi-disciplinary conversations where people are constantly at dialogue and I understand next week people are we're talking about that sort of stuff the economics used to be able to colonial trade in effect having a headquarters in one country now its global talent people live all around the world and working with information so that's how innovation has changed so if we're actually looking at innovation can we let approach it from a different way I'm going to jump to what's in my book which is actually chapter nine and talk about the work of tipping gold all has a 20-7 article 2017 article which is really change the philosophy of the way I look at systems if you want a reference are this this has changed me from being a a coffee guy to being a beast but the idea is that the way that I've already described the system to you is we're pretty traditional where people draw systems with system and then the environment around so you draw a circle with a system and around the upside get the environment the different way of looking at it which is looking tied first so what different way of drawing system would be I am on a line and my lion kind of squiggles over time do I want our work on this project and that project you can imagine what line Evans life line and then we come in and we have other people's life so Jeremy is on the line and Adam is on the line role working weight and what's the while we come together we form a knot and then we go away again and we're but what happens is that we make that connection and the knots come at different points of time and this is your way of looking at systems and what 10 min will writes about is human life lines in caustic correspondence I try to be clear and say co-respondent because it's not like me in a machine it is me interacting with someone else so I am course well I am responding to them and they're responding to be right so now we're talking about a system it's this is called an technological approach to anthropology to epistemology because it's it's north interactive it's cold responding but it's based off a theory of blood habits so have adversity coalition and he talks about walking as an example so when you are walking your legs are doing the walking so is it your legs moving you or you moving your legs it's actually both simultaneously right so how did it you design a system where you're trying to now model your leg is moving in a world are you moving your legs are you moving or you moving your legs are like living you it's both kind of got this corresponding thing happening the second is agency rather than agency and we have in situ get corresponding and the corresponding is more than interaction so in design of course lots of interaction design which was finally during the age where you didn't have artificial intelligence on the other side if you have artificial intelligence on the other side you're not correspond and thirdly attention out the ground the intentionality and the other's ideas as example of particular slight no I'm not gonna cover ok so we have the idea of learning and how people learn and so in gold focuses on as to it those two ideas about learning or knowledge management most of these learning stuff has actually been focus on whole philosophy which is about transmitting information and so I have told into my head and trying to transmit it into your head and that but another way of looking at it is and what I'm trying to do is focus attention ality and so of all system stuff that I told you you know I actually don't that I'd like to tell you much more than Jeremy's already told you but what I'm doing is I'm directing your attention so I'm giving you all the references you could read the references but you may not get the same ideas it's like interacting in class right so there's an intentionality there the distinction made between a maze and a labyrinth a maze has multiple ways in and multiple ways ever essentially is problem-solving if you go to a labyrinth you go back to the Greek stories of labyrinth there's a labyrinth is a multi-purpose Nazario a maze is a multi Kersal puzzle a labyrinth is a unicursal puzzle a labyrinth has one way in and one way out if you go over to Trinity Square they actually have a labyrinth there on the ground you can take your kids and run around it but there's one way in is one way ever so why would you be interested in the labyrinth so what's the story of the labyrinth the idea is that you would go into a labyrinth and you get lost in the labyrinth you kind of it wouldn't not you couldn't find your way out because pretty clear the way in the way out it's pretty clear but you would get so involved in it that you forget to even leave yeah labyrinth the people are trapped in the labyrinth good not paying attention so why go back to an art gallery you've been there before you've been in the art gallery you go back again it's because when you go you're paying attention to different things you come back to a painting and you say oh I know this painting you go wow I never noticed that before you know what was it that changed was that you were the painting in front of you the change something happened to you and you're looking at the painting and going oh I'm not seeing it the same way I saw like two years ago it looks different that's due intentionality so these are sort of things like trying to bake into the way that moving on system thinking I can take you back to some more stuff this goes back they say World War two but this missive tradition on most what most of the management theory in systems which developed on the Tavistock Institute in the UK it was three three perspectives on systems and they don't happen at the same time so it's so technical that so psychological there's actually a three-volume publication called the Tavistock anthology and it has all the papers and they separated to those three but they say don't get confused it's not because they were done sequentially it's just what they were working on the period of time social psychology so social psychological perspective had to do mostly with the work of getting soldiers coming back from the war so soldiers came back in the Second World War and the problem essentially was you've got these veterans now and they're with now we called PTSD right so they're traumatized and society thinks they should readapt and so the conventional way would be we need to change the way these veterans are coming back into society an alternative way of looking at it would be no we need to change society for the veterans coming back how is it we change institutions so that the psychology of the people is that are supported so it reverses the way that psychology being done at the time which says it's all about the person although the veteran you know and and we look into the veterans head we're trying to do the Petra King stop it's like no no change the environment don't change the system the second one so technical systems out during the period of coal mining and the original studies that were done and they're pretty clear that could good to read the original articles the tristan Bamford article in management science 1967 or some like that's really old but the old Journal article just be readable and they talk about the way that mining had changed because used to be that mining you go in with a pickaxe and your family and you take down walls that's how you do it and they can't believe Sheen's come log wall machines and what would happen with me that you would have this machine everyone would have a crank you turn the crank and you move the machine down that takes down in some little wall and then shovels intact and this is what mechanization started coming in but when they did that people started dying because before they had the family structures now the head that a human being is part of the machine and it serves the machine and so how do you reorganize work and so the socio technical systems movement came up with the idea of things like job rotation and the most interesting trivia to be is in 1983 Eric tryst was at York University and he published the last paper for the Ontario Ministry of Labour he published the last paper on quality of work life it's actually available to be merged into a library I would look at it because that's kind of where that that stuff kind of ended up the idea quality of work life if that work might that would follow something like this research idea was about design principles and so they had one of doing optimization which is like human beings and machines together the second production function versus the tendency of parts this speaks to your question of a 1 to 1 and 1/2 minute because if you are dealing with a engineer they do one to one but human beings have multiple functions and they can adapt so machine tips are typically designed for one function or a limited number of functions but human these will adapt to that and so a redundancy of functions does not mean a redundancy apart did that one person do multiple things as a matter of fact four people do best if people do what they only did for the third perspective social methodological perspective had to do with the rapid change that started happening in the 90s when they truck remember change in the world started happening really fast and it turns out that the that the way they were dealing with that was a lot of organizational change issues and that comes to yeah that the open systems approach so your traditional way of looking at systems again you have the system now what you can do is you can look at the planning process which is the system impacts the environment this is the outer world and the organization learns from that and so this however there are other things going on what is that inside the system you've got these internal part part relations going on so those changes happening internally plus at the same time you've got down here Parker stuff so some timing in the environment has nothing to do with the organization and all these things are changing simultaneously and so this was based awesome work a direct correlation with somewhere off I'll give you the short answer this is a very difficult paper seminal systems paper but I spent like three days working on it I'll give you this to the neck the answer there's two ways of playing soccer football one is you move to the ball the other is the ball comes to you profound so if you were dealing with a system do you go to the ball or do the ball come to you because if you are dealing with ecology it's like running doesn't help right and you could just wait the ball to come to you the patient enough now it's not coming faster than move towards but the idea is that you could or you might you might when you might not take action the cause of text are sort of social environments is one of the oldest papers are most cited and and there are four types of fields that conference the field is the environment systemic environment and the story they tell is the first night so random classic you have a surface you have animals on the surface you have food on the surface so what's the rule you eat this food everywhere you don't care that is a random class environment the food is randomly distributed everything is great no problem segment environment clustered plastic clustered Placid is animals there's an animal surface and the food is no longer everywhere it's a little clumps so what's the rule now what's the behavior it happens you move to the food when you finish that food it's gone you move to the other third the spirit reactive this is the previous one now your competition so there are multiple animals on the surface there are multiple couples of food on the surface what's the rule move for food if there's someone else already there move somewhere else there's lots of food around to see clumps but originally going to bump into someone else the fourth type of environment is turbulent you have a surface you're in an earthquake the food is they push all over the place you're getting thrown all over the place what do you do the answer is you actually need to coordinate at this point you act you have to work with the other people because it's not just about the food it's you're going to smash through each other and kill each other because the ground so when you are looking at the environment you're in one of these types of environments and when you're designing a system are you designing for that type of feeling so if we look at very slow changing so we're talking earlier about the Ontario Health System and a health and government stuff like that that's a very slow system you don't really want to be dealing with that in a turbulent environment like you really need to change that system and say look we couldn't deal with this in one of the other ways but this is the type of environment we're in not everything in the world is turbulent we make it that way one is self-induced okay this is the point at which I stopped last time but I'm going to jump on this okay I'll give you the the briefest description of my book of the findings from my book I don't know I'm not going to do that there will be a video on my website I recorded the book launch so you guys look at that okay here's homework for you on YouTube there is a series called how buildings learn watch this series do a brand who co-founder belong now network along that foundation have done this and this is the idea of pasting layers and the metaphor comes from this which is you can look at a building that the originally Stuart brand want to study organizational learning but organizational learning is nothing to really study so we studied how building Clerk and this is systems perspective because both of us consider people are in the building and people system and we learn but it's looking the other way around it's just a perspective you can look as a change in buildings of how they are so you describe as multiple layers you start off with a site which is the foundation and from here you build load-bearing walls for the structure and after the local bilberry structure you put in the skin which protects the outside of the building after that you put in the surfaces you put in the electricity put in the plumbing all that stuff inside the walls you put in a space plan to the non load-bearing walls and after that you for this stuff it's all furniture and so this is a pacing layers view of systems and how they work the reason I like this is because it it gets you to thinking about structure and process in two different ways it actually puts the process and makes it material and changing over time now let's talk about how you make changes so if you are going to have if you leave a house you can have a choice wait this way the story clothes you can store clothes in a closet or you can store it in an armoire an armoire as part of the stuff just furniture and moves around rapidly you can move it around a closet is fixed into the wall when you leave the house you cannot take the closet with you do you think an armoire with you when you were designing things you need to figure out what you want to design it in a fad a quickly changing layer or a slowly changing layer when you if you actually follow through and go to how buildings learn he talked about the Pompidou Center and in Paris where they did swatches something outrageous and what they did was they put the services outside skin which is not a good idea because all the air-conditioned ducting is outside and it's corroding the acid rain so there's a logic behind doing these things a helpful way of licking up about change this is a 1993 people kind of notice oh the mass customization framework of a dynamic Stability instability framework is that there are ideas of product change and process change and if you have a stable product so the way normal business model is to start off to the invention mode the first time you build something you have a product that's dynamic everything you invent is different and the process by which you do with this dynamic after you've an invention you come down into mass production Hall what they do mass production if you try to stabilize the product so you create the same thing over and over again and try to stabilize the processes so you can do it with quality after that within a continuous improvement mode so that in here we're kind of in the Model T every color every cars all of this black you can make incremental improvements to that which is we have a foundation or a platform and Google on top of any variation but this idea might build ships will make up into the mass customization framework which is to have the dynamic process not magnetic product and stable process the trick behind us is that people who are working in mass customization did not move to mass customization you can't do that you have to go through the ceilings which is started mass production go to continuous improvement the process transformation and then you can get the mass customization so I pretty well run out of time I think that I've run out of time shortly so I have to figure out what I'm going to jump to here let's see I think I need to just one thing on services okay we're going to jump to the end and out of all these things I'm going to do be and so I'll talk about theory the offering and talking a little adaptive change so there's been a lot of work on service systems I come in to a different lecture for that the money that I recommend is that you actually look at the work of rapper Ramirez and Richard Norman into which neighborhoods and this I give during the offering and the proposition when you get the service economy is that there's two E's approaches service economy one if you've actually done work in service science is Steve Fargo's work which is on service dominant logic and service Don the logic I talked to Steve focus asked me to do this research and he said of course he knows this researcher asks what why are you have service dominant logic he said there's two ain't approaching you thinking one needs to use all the same words and and overload them and the other one is Ukrainian vocabulary so what Richard Norman did systems thinker he created a new vocabulary from looking at systems what Steve had Cod what Steve Fargo does which turned on logic that he says I'm doing research those services and then he redefined what services means so this was a little bit clearer a sense of the idea is that we have offerings and offerings of three dimensions there is a physical component so if you look at automobile that's physical car service content which is the financing the all certain thing to get along with the car to the OnStar those sorts of things and if people content which could be the maintenance afterwards release and the way you approach this is we notice our documents the idea offering its output doing system so you have input of this input process output the offering is output gives industrial logging kind of customer value to transactions and so essentially the idea here is when you someone sounds a car when you buy the car you own the car that's it the transaction is done the value is in accurate physical hassle there's been a movement towards a service logic which is they have a relationship to the auto we love manufacturers don't actually make money on the vehicle they make money on the financing and any money on the on the maintenance after the car but that's your having a customer value to a relationship they have to have a relationship with you if you if you're doing your own maintenance doing your own oil changes that's less of a relationship if you have no idea that offering as an input the other self service module so if someone could have to be an auto fuel manufacturer give you all the parts for a car and you assemble it so that means that you're actually doing you're not you don't care about the assembled car those you want a custom bicycle is more practical or a mass customized bike what happens is that they give you all the components and you change them yourself you build them yourself the do a partnership logic which is a relationship logic that is in the long term you deal with I could be like a joint venture and so it could be a couple of research organizations come together they don't know what the outcome is going to be they come with a physical product a service product and people content altogether and that's in the output now you can mix the stuff because there's a difference between having self-service logic where you come in to do something regularly and it's your transaction so it's like going to an ATM machine going to an ATM machine is not like actually going in a partnership with someone and building something together it's going to make money longer can the difference in the thinking towards this is that traditionally we think about supply chain we think about value madam and ideally the product add things on top whereas if you come with this IKEA is usually the example they talk about when you are building something like it is a co-production and you could pay someone to assemble the IKEA furniture for you but value proposition is actually even putting things together with you so you are actually contributing to co-production ok come down to the end yes [Music] okay hold on now I have to go back to one of the slides so that's the address of rats no it's good it's good okay so Jim's four who is at that point director of prominent Services Research would ask the question by the National Science Foundation how should we change education so it's very service economy and this was his the answer was that if you look at primary school education this is the way we should we have to get knocked by science and math and stuff like that but doing this way so firstly work on systems that move store part of the process the transportation systems when they are in kindergarten your kids have to get on a bus or walk or whatever they understand traffic takes them make them understand that really secondly water waste management do you understand that water doesn't happen on the tap you know how does it go with the water cycle and the clouds and you know River is all sort of stuff food and global supply chain need understands that food doesn't have that supermarket to go to farms energy and energy grid like Christy doesn't as come over the wall if you think of a plant consulate so if I read for they can ask the question how does their whole bottle and actually work good that way I have a waffle good CD talk here and it ends up over there somewhere the second category systems that enable healthy well like people building the construction is actually a big service industry about a product industry banking and finance is obvious retail hospitality health care and education our services but great feat is when you focus on the health care system how you actually know how the whole culture system works and I like it that my great nine you're talking about education but they've been in school since kindergarten so now is that why are you there systems that govern grade 10 a government cities then you get Restatement of provinces and then federal and so the idea is to work from the concrete to the more abstract and so our education system traditionally has not been oriented towards this way of thinking about service systems the there's a differentiation between a production perspective and a service perspective and this is fundamental to a lot of the work on doing a pattern language in the research I'm doing now is we talk about buildings and Chris frolic dentists work on buildings is about getting the building as a product if we took an extent and we started talking to them in a different way a service perspective we would change the way they look at it and the way we do that is by talking about affordances so I told you about the okay firstly I need to do this sorry I may have to run over a little bit I hate to do this to a class but you guys are asking the question so order the systems movement as assistant thing I were working on it's been torch what's called technological perspective and so when I'm saying doctor I understand that called in a different way the history of this was back in the nineteen fifties sixties and you go back to behavioral psychology so behavioral psychology you have BF Skinner he rings the bell the dog salivates the way means to understand people was trying to get inside their heads Jacob Gibson was kind of the father of ecological psychology and what he looked at was how is it that we should understand a pilot trying to land a plane on an aircraft carrier you've got the ship moving as of the landing movie and you've got the pilot with this plane and both going together and how is he actually get that interaction what is the system here try to get inside the pilots head doesn't understand it doesn't help you what you trying to do now is understand the interaction between the pilot the aircraft and the carrier and to all this stuff that's a system you're interested in you're interested and so the question is asked up what's inside your head but what your head is inside that's that's a systems perspective that is the ecological systems perspective talking about the containing whole and getting that idea but what your heads inside and that's the hardest part now the way that designers actually do this and they've done it Don Norman unfortunately did it's a really bad to service on this is JJ gets a crazy idea of an affordance an affordance is whatever the environment contribute to the carny the tracks that occurs and traditionally we talk about affordances is a doorknob is an affordance a doorknob affords you the ability to open the door if you have a door you know you can pull on the door and the affordance is actually not the doorknob itself the affordance is the person perceiving that the doorknob existed it could pull on Don Norman when he was doing work at Apple start talking about real affordances without actually you had to rewrite this in psychology of everything the design of everyday things and so if you start with the map of the Mac trashcan as an example the Mac trashcan is an affordance because it allows you to delete stuff however when you get to the real Jay Jay gives a definition if a person does not recognize the trashcan is to get rid of stuff it is not an affordance so if you want to shut off you if you want to eject a disk out of a Mac and the way to do it is put in a trash can that's not an affordance that people use you can't figure that one out right in new service design will we do affordances we should we think about affordances for mobility and high ability people so currently I'm a mobility person I'm getting my Achilles tendon fixed up so there's two ways of IDing this building for me to come in what is a complex way it was a complicated way the complicated weights me together this building two entrances one entrance with a handicap and one entrance for everyone else is being embodied a complex system would be one entrance everyone comes in the safe way now there's actually no problem having a complicated approach but we tend unlike the complex approaches so stop and think about but either case there are four dances and if you think about that affordance what you would have is an entrance that affords me the ability to get into the building is going now okay I had a question about gender activity and so I'm going to close on that and I know make the differentiation with with the way you think about systems there's two ways to grow systems there's dentistry somatic and between systemic and systemic the better way of describing this and bates it is right this way so Natick system our cylinder changed so if you think about going from here to the rocky mountain going to Denver rocking out high altitude there are somatic chains have happened when the human body goes to high altitude the body will adapt eventually right don't drink the first couple of days falsely preserve them but there's also someone who is born at high altitude and they have a genetic advantage because they are born there over generations of time it'll be built into them so that's the difference between genetic change and somatic gene generally we have the distinction between Auto pointer and aliphatic I'm a factory line is a nonliving thing and as effect reducing the inputs are not the same as the outputs that's of biology this is called a logo esis which is creating something different a generative system is part of living systems and it's autopoietic autopoietic which means it can reproduce itself so human beings are autopoietic because we reproduce human beings but this gets a bit distinction between a reactive system also a co responsive system so when you have these sort of things to try and design a system you can design them one way or the other and it's not that one is right or one is wrong in particular you're looking at a Lapointe existence versus autopoietic systems it's actually more efficient to create aliphatic systems cloning the sort of stuff that technology it actually takes less energy to do cloning than it does to actually do a fully autopoietic human being so when you make any sorts of choices then then you end up with making decisions about architecting types if you're going to work on with that I think my time is up so I'm happy to take questions or hang around or whatever we should do a cough so philosophically okay hold on keeping applying this okay there's a difference in philosophy that happens and the difference is teleology versus juliana me so teleology is the study of ends its philosophy of ends and so Aristotle has four cups of coffee so I talked about goals objectives ideals you end up with trying to figure out how something causes something else so you're starting from here and kind of moving into the future tili-tili enemy is a study that happens in biology and it is about programming so as opposed to having a goal for something would you actually design a program that might actually influence something in the future so let's talk a moment about my children or asanas so there's one way of doing this would be okay I'm going to raise my children with all these goals you know so they should actually have a goal and life have purpose the other philosophy would be well I'm actually going to put I'm gonna try to program them a little bit I'm gonna you know try them as different sports and different activities and if they don't like it it's fine but it's like all for my son can actually play piano but none of them are really serious about it every once awhile it's like oh yeah you go back to offer a guide to piano lessons doesn't mean they're going to concert pianist but that's part of their program because it provided that I didn't say I want to be concert pianist I need to say learner piano play piano I wanted them to learn music and so we asked to have guitars around the their learn how to play guitar by themselves and hang around the house they play now I put it down but a lot of them a lot of a cost of a cost dissertation became published as on purposeful systems and so he is all about purpose can you get away of about not talking about purpose and in most projects you're working on that's really tough you have a sponsor and they go why am i sponsoring you what am I going to get out of this and so that's generally not to do with purpose or ends and the work that we're working on it's much more of a process I'm going to take this process as a matter of fact this is the work so the person introduced out of the meat is actually Raphael Rogers at IBM research in San Jose and this is a stop Arachne focused on can you do research and Suzanne Oates Elevens in Shanghai we're actually trying to figure out how you do artificial intelligence and design together from a process perspective getting it published because if you look at the publication waste people the publishing process now what happens you research and you have an output and you publish that but what happens you go instead of the process orientation which is we have a journal that actually tracks with progress along the way and whenever it cut whatever happens is whatever happens it's a different way but you go well how do you peer review we do peer review on the process you don't forget peer review on the endpoint so suseelan Raphael are really hot on that and that kind of came along to help yeah so Bateson is way over here and he comes over here and in between you've got all these guys are called to work with resilience and stuff like that they're biologists and they trying to figure out how to satisfy these people could you get an environmental management and regime shifts and stuff like that so watersheds like how do we change this watershed that's kind of like well you want to run to the ball you won't fall to come to you so to the absolute to the Epis all the problem if you're going to dissolve a problem when you're actually dissolving the problem and redesigning the system you want to design self reinforcing self-organizing systems and people don't like that so the the person that's influenced me most logistical community David Hawke who was Russ a cos first PhD student and he wrote his PhD at the Wharton School of Finance on anarchy anarchy is not chaos anarchy is a lack of hierarchy so everyone is flat it is the ultimate complicated organization so if you're going to find a complicated organization with autonomy of the people how is it you do that yeah I just had a quick I have a couple of questions that I think take a lot of people really interested in change change making and so we tend to be focused on how to make change think about the change that's coming it's interesting because I went brilliant my class who actually hot and even at that timing systems-thinking her she had a very strong systems approach so her approach was so too affordable for instance at the time she the wheelchair disability problem and she was obsessed with the idea that we were going but it all along the way that we should be retrofitting our buildings at half a million dollars a piece and we shouldn't be doing all this we should be actually tackling the problem which is the people so she went off to design she's now one of the leading experts in artificial limbs but also skin suits so she did I forget what they're calling out but they're they're suits that if you wheelchair you can put them on and you can actually walk they actually are completely self-supporting so that you you don't actually need a wheelchair so the importance is you can now behave like a normal being she's been working on this for 20 years but they're finally getting to the point where they actually exist in our if you're in a wheelchair you can choose no I don't want to spend my whole life rolling around I want to actually be putting on a suit at some point and I can actually walk society like a person so those are interesting ways of looking at two different systems one human my question really is about one of my big projects right now is autonomous vehicle stop and so and my question is my question is around at some point systems they they become they know are no longer associate technical they actually are almost living that they they learn your behaviors they respond to your habits they they do they do things that you would do even before you would do them in fact right so and autonomous vehicles are kind of like that where they program but they're also programmed to learn yeah and so at some point they actually do what you do better than you do right in the sense that well normally you would do this so now I'm going to do it only I can do it in a fraction of a second millisecond where you would actually have to think about it for two seconds right so we're going into a whole bunch of systems like that behaviors and attitudes am I gonna be comfortable with somebody making a better decision like me yeah so so I have two ideas that come with that have you covered panarchy okay okay so so the way that a call just look at panarchy is that they tend to look at where resilience is strong because I'm an organizational change person I want to look for low resilient systems if a system is strong its resilient you can't change it because whatever you do to it it it's kind of stays there the way that the call just draw this out is they have what are called fallen cuff diagrams and so you have a cup and you've got a fall it's at the bottom here and then when you perturb it you kind of rock it around but then you've got another cup over here and what you want to do is is have a regime shift where you push it and it comes out of this cup and goes into a different cup right if it's resilient but you have a super deep cup there's no way you're gonna move it that's a highly resilient system you can't move it what you want is something in a flat structure and then it's easy to move it place another place so as organizational change person I look for where is the low resilience in the system where is it weak because if the system is weak that's a great time for change so people look at Donald Trump and they like oh my god you know but it's a great opportunity for change in the United States and they should take advantage of it if they don't take advantage of well you get the alternative collapse you hope with regime shift because they go to another stable state that's better they could also collapse but that's kind of their choice the other idea that comes out of this is Gary rabbits have the idea of normal science and post-normal science and in normal science we actually tend to rely on the experts but when the stakes are high and the payoffs are big like nuclear power plants should would rely on nuclear scientists act to give us all the advice on nuclear power and the answer is no we should actually get involved with citizens and citizens like their it with enough patience as an average educated citizen should be able to figure what's going on even with nuclear power plant to make them decisions all the plants all the decisions should not be made by experts and so it's not clear to me right now with autonomous vehicles that the average person knows why they're doing this and and to me I understand the move away from from internal combustion engines but I also noticed like masta I've been driving masses for a while and they do the best they can with the existing technologies and we have all the infrastructure in place for you know gas stations and stuff like that my son Adam works at neo with niño which is one of the manufacturers and he has this video you see on YouTube they're doing the electric vehicle you drive the next vehicle beside what looks like a garage you push the button the car automatically autonomously backs in to the garage the bottom of the garage comes open they take the battery out the battery in in two minutes on the car drives empty and they're doing this in China and that's the design because in China it's not a democracy you can actually decide that you're going to have the entire transportation system change you could say we're gonna stop producing a internal combustion engines and the way you're going to do this you can swap cars and they're gonna drive in in two minutes again their battery please I can't see any that stuff in the United States not our democracy it's like a to many of interests and there's no there's no way they could do that so the system's behind it are different another interesting aspect generational because our generation for us the idea of freedom was you new generation yeah yourself actually driving I don't need to drive a car with drive is attractive so I think local policy is over other source of generational shift yeah but but this is this is why I don't know how many people still have a hard landline telephone line in their house oh it's actually pretty good that's more than I expected I still have a landline in my house and the reason is that I don't know if you were living in Toronto we have the total blackout power failure the phone still work right the phones still work and that's the reason is that people forget about the systems that exist and don't do proper analysis of the systems that exist to find out what it is about that's good about the old system for the court of the new system price take off when he actually one of the methods he has it's called reference projection and that's really a healthy exercise you might look at the reference projection for the work you're doing in your MRP because that is an impetus so what happens if we continue the way that we're going the example that he talked about was originally than when telephone switching was an operator plugging in stuff at a switchboard if we if the people kept adopting telephones at the rate they were adopting them there have been a requirement for more operators more telephone operators switchboard operators than there were people in the United States so it's obviously unsustainable and so you just go on this trend now in autonomous vehicles I don't know if they've done that analysis work it's like so what did we kept improving internal combustion engines at the rate that we've been turning now there's going to get a point where you you say you can't do better than that but that kind of happened to the computer industry where it's like oh we can't make chips any faster Oh parallel processing now we're doing all these other things so maybe there was an alternative way of lengthening that and I don't know what are the economics of that compared to the economics of the coffee it's to innovation is happening in Canada and they're not necessarily the same right so what is we should be moving to electric vehicles so we should be putting all our energy into making a battery in a dozen way at time like that's that's why those cars was so heavy right so that's one thing and yeah we can all be driving electric vehicles the other is the Millennium ship to to people who don't necessarily want to drive don't care about driving and I think you know sidewalk labs for instance there their argument we think people are living in the waterfront are all Millennials they don't want to drive that's why we're pushing these because they just want these things they're gonna get them on their phone they're gonna show up and that's it and that's why we're eliminating all the private roads oh that's interesting yeah but but it's also a big mistake and and so one of the things I want to work on is is the issue of cities and complexity a city is a complex system and we know it's not sustainable so what are we doing to create 2d complexify cities and this is why I find I actually say that it's interesting to see what happens at the provincial level I'm really into than provincial government cuz provincial government should actually be trying to get people to move out of Toronto that should be what they're funding and they should fund it seriously because having more people come to the city is a increasingly complex and Disqus worse and worse they're not going to solve that problem like I'm not gonna have too much of an infrastructure there we should actually be getting people who be out of the city so it's prevent agencies were all rallying architects and urban planners and there was tons of competitions we would my office at the time submitted all kinds of things we won a couple of awards doing alternative building of cities right definitely and it was all based on transportation system that could get you from here to there in like 30 minutes when you could be in another like Reston or another place and other village that was you know two hours from here right and the idea was that you wouldn't have suburban sprawl you would actually have nodes if that were that there were farms in between right and so the preventional funding so that was their solution but I think we're trying to to aggregate those ideas and get people and developers to build those so that if they stop sprawl and he stopped the kind of incredible just density or identifying of the city they found though because they never had there was never like they had the land they had the idea but they just could not put it all together and now the models are gone you have no I can't think of the last time anybody was talking about where we should be creating a whole new town somewhere yes and amazon coming to Toronto that's the worst idea like that's a terrible idea we don't need Amazon also gonna call the word congestion that's a really bad idea probably lots of surface okay well so maybe we'll leave it there and one thing I would say two things is you'll probably be digesting this talk there's a lot I can say only because this is also my territory that was very relaxed you're going I guarantee you as you go along in your future projects you will find all kinds of things that you'll want to go back and say oh my god I need to look that up get down all of the slides and have them because they will come in handy as is he's got lots of resources and the other thing is once you connect so once again thank you for coming in it was great you could talk the story of how Peter and I got engaged so what happened that Peter Jones comes into Toronto who's in Toronto and he was working on language action perspective and it was publishing an article and so he sends a message to my blog says I notice you're in Toronto quite a lot we meet when you're here and I said I live in Toronto	just briefly for people who came in late the slides are actually balding calm comment publications and actually if you bug me and you came in really late you want the whole thing i have audio recordings i would do audio recordings so it is take if you take me a while to get it then and i am actually i accept my own youtube channel because i do these lectures quite regularly in a lot this one is new but you can actually hear the last year is lecture i gave and stuff like that so a lot of us up you will hear you kind of go 0 yeah as you said that with in a different way yeah i know i never give the same lecture twice okay so we have covered kind of 2 fifths because skip over it and jeremy have to give you more time to cover in this class and the other class might aggregate does anyone have any like show stopping questions that we want to cover right now before i yeah so this is when we do the advertisement for system thinking ontario which is it is a lifetime pursuit i did not start in systems so i started in 1998 and the reason i started was i have an assignment at the advanced business institute which ibm an executive education facility these we education for free and steve hakala wrote this book called a better prize and i studied at that point like business for 8 years like i have undergrad and commerce i have an mba from kellogg school it is 2 years the people you can see if steve technol is saying all these unreasonable sorts of things and he finally said go read some russakoff why do the breitner book and then what after when i started work writing books it actually a very good foundation because i would say steve this way of writing in the book but ruff said is this and how does that compare and so one of the observers to this actually says that they believe that steve would never have written the book except for the arguments we should get into because at one point steve said i told you to read rough takeoff not become rustic huh rough a cough and and you guys had a reading from john sheet character doggie who is working directly with him a coffee is really valuable he is the most published author in system thinking and he is really great because he is clear he is super super clear after you have got the clarity then you can figure out why he is wrong and so you end up with a sort of thing so that is why it is even dipping into a cup and then out of a coffin into a coffin out of a coffin because of that clarity and so people that actually understand take off well great systems thinkers he he had the program in return pennsylvania and i meet these people and like brilliant but passing that on and trying to move beyond that when i was president of the international society for system sciences my agenda was that most the system thinking that you see is actually kind of 1980s era and that is where it is frozen but systems scientists had moved past that and it has gone to continue to all sort of work if people are not recognizing that so the difference between me and a lot of other people assist the community is i am back to current with the research i am trying to push particular things forward so yeah you will get to it just if that is for this way try to keep the 3rd wednesday of the month after you graduate from this program come back this is the thickening ontario because we have these discussions and everyone they are still trying to figure stuff out like a sore thumb yeah and those comes 1st in your perspective just okay so function is well so they all kind of exist it is not it is not a proceeding sort of thing the the issue with function so so if you are doing stuff like system dynamics so you have already careful the language so the international society for the system sciences when i took it to in cosi which is the systems engineering community they are they are making jokes because firstly you say systems which is know it is plural not singular and then you say sciences and engineers do not like that it is like how could you work on multiple sciences so systems dynamics system dynamics is within a system and it focuses on structure a process they focus less on profs on on function because they do not look at the containing whole the containing whole generally means that you are in what is called hierarchy theory and that is really what timothy allen actually does which he is a leader in hierarchy theory which says you know looking at the water versus hydrogen and oxygen sort of stuff if you had to do that on 2 dimensional graph graph and draw it then it is like well you can draw the function actually does not happen on a flat surface like that it is actually multi dimensional so they all happen and and so another thing that that has been a bit of debate particularly with systems engineers they go our systems real and the answer systems are not real systems are human beings way of dealing with the complexity in the world that is the way we represent things and so systems are never real all these constructs about function structure they are think that we make up try to understand the real world and discuss with each other the one of the 1st things that happened when you get the system is thinking is you have to make sure you are both discussing the same system and then we expecting the same system and you draw a boundary around it is the boundary in both time and space and then when active draw on the system what is the environment around that because we do not think about the environment is bounded but when you talk about it the environment can not be everything right so in the tavistock work that what is called a field the field is in effect the relevant environment you are talking about it so you have the system and in the field which is relevant environment so i did not ask your question yes so so in mechanical system structure equals function in biological systems that is not the case so let us teach you covered old cabbage so we are talking aparts holes and their relations the parts are actually systems so in your body do you have your respiratory system and your digestive system the operate in parallel but deciding which one is a part of what it is kind of like well the digestive system and the respiratory system are not independent because your digestive system probably takes gases into account so it is like so the parts are actually systems they are not just mechanistic you know carburetor type parts and and that is that is challenge of getting over it and and and if you start working on system thinking it is never clear it is the sort of thing you are just going to go 0 you know that you are on a streetcar you are going you are thinking you are like 0 that is a system and okay i get it now this stuff just takes a while there is no fast way of doing okay let me proceed i had talked about unfreeze change and freeze which gets me into the trumpet innovation series compared to innovation learning theory stuff that is the book i am going to talk about a history of social psychological technical technological systems that come from cattle talk that would leave the causal textbook theory pacing layers of change and then my process change matrix which people find out to be quite practical okay of you how many of you have organizational change they were heard of unfreeze change freeze okay so maybe for deep perspective so if you are doing we are going to kick tail change this is kind of the foundational idea and it comes from kurt it is read do with the be unfreeze change and refreeze is how we change the system is that you go through this period and you come and you unfreeze the system and it is like going to army boot camp well how do you create a new arm well 1st thing to take all these people and you break them down to boot camp so they are all equal which is the unfreezing part and then you give them new behavior which is changing it and then new freeza and you reinforce them do you know how an army that operate the same way that is the way the army works well if you actually look at the history of this this act is something new it does think of this lecture it is like well this change has 3 steps as they call it unfreeze change that refreeze was not something that actually lewin levine actually wrote himself he actually wrote the unfreeze part and then it turns out that over the 50 1950s 1960s they get with the change these parts but when you are looking at this sort of idea this is based off more ideas of structure than process although it is a kind of structure process when thinking about looking at from the perspective of the day you could talk about it like ecologists do when you are trying to do regime shifts so multiple stable states they are trying to move from one stable state to another stable state and the way you would do that is you have a stable state you have this trance and you try to push them in a new stable state can you do that will it stick how people read innovators dilemma plate the christensen okay so innovators dilemma of the original research when christensen was doing his ph d he did not research into 3.5 inch describes a fire according to drive tries essentially manufacturers had this issue which was as pc technology was coming out they were building 5 and a quarter inch drives hard drives and the more you build them the better they get the price goes down the quality goes up the capacity goes up but there came this thing called laptop and you can move either used old technology that was a 5 into quarter inch drive or 3.5 inch drives smaller drives that fit in laptops and so they end up with what they call the innovative dilemma you can either satisfy the old marketplace the old people that were buying all the 5 quarter inch drives and they are reliable you make them happier as a matter of fact people serving those customers it is kind of like i want exactly what i have got is going to work faster and i want more capacity the other way of looking at it would be make the shift into a new unproven market 3.5 inch drives there are no standards they break down more for they are unreliable and then less capacity so why would you do that and so you end up with innovative dilemma and it is actually a reworking of jupiter is creative instruction idea where you start off with what is called sustain technologies in product orbits but then the question should you have to definitely different curve so before i fell it for the benefit of a vinayak i know each other wearing through ibm people with ibm are going through this process right now and you have to have been through one before because when i joined ibm i was there before lou gerstner took over and so i was there with the company actually could have gone bankrupt and so when you have to go through a change like this is this a sort of change you want to look at where you making a shift and you are doing the unfreeze change and refreeze or is it something different now 2006 work with ibm 2006 for you okay so this is the mantra that we learned and it is actually pretty good so what is what is going on the innovation and the nature of innovation has changed and they said it will nation is now open collaborative multi disk learning global which is really great to say and you know it is kind of as ibm are there in this manner i would say their innovation is cage whaling innovation but it does not make sense to me so it is like i wrote a blog post a long time ago if that does not make sense well what was it before if it was not open collaborative apply this canary mobile so we have the idea industrial age where you have no idea private or use that private rd so we had ibm research you have bell labs does not art concur the telecom wrong i think smart element but essentially the idea that came out of there was that you did all your research e to develop when you had a pipeline and everything was done internally we have this change towards open standards interfaces and choosing expedient platforms were for advancing design and so this is the basis of the book of open innovation learning and i take as an example now which this is a research book heavy backward looking if you look at ibm is cloud technologies today where were all those technologies developed so number one ibm bluemix or ibm cloud that is called now was actually developed by pivotal it is open source project as interesting over 2 pivotal and going over there cuz typical guys are complaining you know typical is doing all the legwork on this stuff and ibm is free riding on us and it is like we wish ibm would just get premium poor people to work on the pivotal project except they forget that ibm invested the 1st $1000000000 in linux in 1999 and and then i think those 2 years ago they committed the 2nd $1000000000 and so ibm as good could make an open source community like well you know because actually do they build the operating systems internally well they do not do that anymore to ship some strategy so the i mean you would have private research versus open research new production chains value chains that sort of way and you know into organizational contracts so when you look at economics you typical theory of the firm if something the questions why the firm is exist once you are making a marketplace and it is because of these transaction cost economics and everything works that way but the idea today is you have collaborative where your alliances co producing and doing accelerator learning that is why github is important but everyone here has been on github or understand github ok so everyone knows minused or bald is number one and mentioned from the store bolt was latest or bowles invented 0 all right this way i come here to history of science nothing that linda is torvald with a grad student at university helsinki and invented linux okay what was the top west it would know i guess what was linda is torvalds number 2 invention linda is torvalds number 2 invention was ditched and what is get get is a check in check out just a fur coat because when you are working on a project there is 2 ways the old way of working on code was i am working on code and no one else can work out a lot of works on i am totally computer systems you guys can not touch it now you are doing there is a serial leader that is not going to do things so what minister ball does did was invent a parallel technology in an effect the way that github works is that you have sections and so jeremy works on chapter one and i am working on chapter 9 and we write that independently and then what happens is as you are quite time to come i could say okay it is something i write impact you and we go back and we match those things up but that is what you do in this sort of environment where you are dealing collaboratively and you are dealing in an efficient way you can parallel line stuff because but you want to work on everything in a complicated structure now when you make the complexity when you want to make it a complex system you have to put it back together again but you are designing it so that you can actually go from complex to complicate it back to complex complicated and going back before playback the method before you speak and legal problem solving and you understand what that means now the new way is multi disciplinary conversations where people are constantly at dialog and i understand next week people are we are talking about that sort of stuff the economics used to be able to colonial trade in effect having a headquarters in one country now its global talent people live all around the world and working with information so that is how innovation has changed so if we are actually looking at innovation can we let approach it from a different way i am going to jump to what is in my book which is actually chapter 9 and talk about the work of tipping gold all has a 20 7 article 2017 article which is really change the philosophy of the way i look at systems if you want a reference are this this has changed me from being a a coffee guy to being a beast but the idea is that the way that i have already described the system to you is we are pretty traditional where people draw systems with system and then the environment around so you draw a circle with a system and around the upside get the environment the different way of looking at it which is looking tied 1st so what different way of drawing system would be i am on a line and my lion kind of squiggles over time do i want our work on this project and that project you can imagine what line evans life line and then we come in and we have other people is life so jeremy is on the line and adam is on the line role working weight and what is the while we come together we form a knot and then we go away again and we are but what happens is that we make that connection and the knots come at different points of time and this is your way of looking at systems and what 10 min will writes about is human life lines in caustic correspondence i try to be clear and say co respondent because it is not like me in a machine it is me interacting with someone else so i am course well i am responding to them and they are responding to be right so now we are talking about a system it is this is called an technological approach to anthropology to epistemology because it is it is north interactive it is cold responding but it is based off a theory of blood habits so have adversity coalition and he talks about walking as an example so when you are walking your legs are doing the walking so is it your legs moving you or you moving your legs it is actually both simultaneously right so how did it you design a system where you are trying to now model your leg is moving in a world are you moving your legs are you moving or you moving your legs are like living you it is both kind of got this corresponding thing happening the 2nd is agency rather than agency and we have in situ get corresponding and the corresponding is more than interaction so in design of course lots of interaction design which was finally during the age where you did not have artificial intelligence on the other side if you have artificial intelligence on the other side you are not correspond and thirdly attention out the ground the intentionality and the other is ideas as example of particular slight no i am not going to cover ok so we have the idea of learning and how people learn and so in gold focuses on as to it those 2 ideas about learning or knowledge management most of these learning stuff has actually been focus on whole philosophy which is about transmitting information and so i have told into my head and trying to transmit it into your head and that but another way of looking at it is and what i am trying to do is focus attention ality and so of all system stuff that i told you you know i actually do not that i would like to tell you much more than jeremy is already told you but what i am doing is i am directing your attention so i am giving you all the references you could read the references but you may not get the same ideas it is like interacting in class right so there is an intentionality there the distinction made between a maze and a labyrinth a maze has multiple ways in and multiple ways ever essentially is problem solving if you go to a labyrinth you go back to the greek stories of labyrinth there is a labyrinth is a multi purpose nazario a maze is a multi kersal puzzle a labyrinth is a unicursal puzzle a labyrinth has one way in and one way out if you go over to trinity square they actually have a labyrinth there on the ground you can take your kids and run around it but there is one way in is one way ever so why would you be interested in the labyrinth so what is the story of the labyrinth the idea is that you would go into a labyrinth and you get lost in the labyrinth you kind of it would not not you could not find your way out because pretty clear the way in the way out it is pretty clear but you would get so involved in it that you forget to even leave yeah labyrinth the people are trapped in the labyrinth good not paying attention so why go back to an art gallery you have been there before you have been in the art gallery you go back again it is because when you go you are paying attention to different things you come back to a painting and you say 0 i know this painting you go wow i never noticed that before you know what was it that changed was that you were the painting in front of you the change something happened to you and you are looking at the painting and going 0 i am not seeing it the same way i saw like 2 years ago it looks different that is due intentionality so these are sort of things like trying to bake into the way that moving on system thinking i can take you back to some more stuff this goes back they say world war 2 but this missive tradition on most what most of the management theory in systems which developed on the tavistock institute in the uk it was 33 perspectives on systems and they do not happen at the same time so it is so technical that so psychological there is actually a 3 volume publication called the tavistock anthology and it has all the papers and they separated to those 3 but they say do not get confused it is not because they were done sequentially it is just what they were working on the period of time social psychology so social psychological perspective had to do mostly with the work of getting soldiers coming back from the war so soldiers came back in the 2nd world war and the problem essentially was you have got these veterans now and they are with now we called ptsd right so they are traumatized and society thinks they should readapt and so the conventional way would be we need to change the way these veterans are coming back into society an alternative way of looking at it would be no we need to change society for the veterans coming back how is it we change institutions so that the psychology of the people is that are supported so it reverses the way that psychology being done at the time which says it is all about the person although the veteran you know and and we look into the veterans head we are trying to do the petra king stop it is like no no change the environment do not change the system the 2nd one so technical systems out during the period of coal mining and the original studies that were done and they are pretty clear that could good to read the original articles the tristan bamford article in management science 1967 or some like that is really old but the old journal article just be readable and they talk about the way that mining had changed because used to be that mining you go in with a pickaxe and your family and you take down walls that is how you do it and they can not believe sheen is come log wall machines and what would happen with me that you would have this machine everyone would have a crank you turn the crank and you move the machine down that takes down in some little wall and then shovels intact and this is what mechanization started coming in but when they did that people started dying because before they had the family structures now the head that a human being is part of the machine and it serves the machine and so how do you reorganize work and so the socio technical systems movement came up with the idea of things like job rotation and the most interesting trivia to be is in 1983 eric tryst was at york university and he published the last paper for the ontario ministry of labor he published the last paper on quality of work life it is actually available to be merged into a library i would look at it because that is kind of where that that stuff kind of ended up the idea quality of work life if that work might that would follow something like this research idea was about design principles and so they had one of doing optimization which is like human beings and machines together the 2nd production function versus the tendency of parts this speaks to your question of a one to one and one 2 minute because if you are dealing with a engineer they do one to one but human beings have multiple functions and they can adapt so machine tips are typically designed for one function or a limited number of functions but human these will adapt to that and so a redundancy of functions does not mean a redundancy apart did that one person do multiple things as a matter of fact 4 people do best if people do what they only did for the 3rd perspective social methodological perspective had to do with the rapid change that started happening in the 90s when they truck remember change in the world started happening really fast and it turns out that the that the way they were dealing with that was a lot of organizational change issues and that comes to yeah that the open systems approach so your traditional way of looking at systems again you have the system now what you can do is you can look at the planning process which is the system impacts the environment this is the outer world and the organization learns from that and so this however there are other things going on what is that inside the system you have got these internal part part relations going on so those changes happening internally plus at the same time you have got down here parker stuff so some timing in the environment has nothing to do with the organization and all these things are changing simultaneously and so this was based awesome work a direct correlation with somewhere off i will give you the short answer this is a very difficult paper seminal systems paper but i spent like 3 days working on it i will give you this to the neck the answer there is 2 ways of playing soccer football one is you move to the ball the other is the ball comes to you profound so if you were dealing with a system do you go to the ball or do the ball come to you because if you are dealing with ecology it is like running does not help right and you could just wait the ball to come to you the patient enough now it is not coming faster than move towards but the idea is that you could or you might you might when you might not take action the cause of text are sort of social environments is one of the oldest papers are most cited and and there are 4 types of fields that conference the field is the environment systemic environment and the story they tell is the 1st night so random classic you have a surface you have animals on the surface you have food on the surface so what is the rule you eat this food everywhere you do not care that is a random class environment the food is randomly distributed everything is great no problem segment environment clustered plastic clustered placid is animals there is an animal surface and the food is no longer everywhere it is a little clumps so what is the rule now what is the behavior it happens you move to the food when you finish that food it has gone you move to the other 3rd the spirit reactive this is the previous one now your competition so there are multiple animals on the surface there are multiple couples of food on the surface what is the rule move for food if there is someone else already there move somewhere else there is lots of food around to see clumps but originally going to bump into someone else the 4th type of environment is turbulent you have a surface you are in an earthquake the food is they push all over the place you are getting thrown all over the place what do you do the answer is you actually need to coordinate at this point you act you have to work with the other people because it is not just about the food it is you are going to smash through each other and kill each other because the ground so when you are looking at the environment you are in one of these types of environments and when you are designing a system are you designing for that type of feeling so if we look at very slow changing so we are talking earlier about the ontario health system and a health and government stuff like that that is a very slow system you do not really want to be dealing with that in a turbulent environment like you really need to change that system and say look we could not deal with this in one of the other ways but this is the type of environment we are in not everything in the world is turbulent we make it that way one is self induced okay this is the point at which i stopped last time but i am going to jump on this okay i will give you the the briefest description of my book of the findings from my book i do not know i am not going to do that there will be a video on my website i recorded the book launch so you guys look at that okay here is homework for you on youtube there is a series called how buildings learn watch this series do a brand who co founder belong now network along that foundation have done this and this is the idea of pasting layers and the metaphor comes from this which is you can look at a building that the originally stuart brand want to study organizational learning but organizational learning is nothing to really study so we studied how building clerk and this is systems perspective because both of us consider people are in the building and people system and we learn but it is looking the other way around it is just a perspective you can look as a change in buildings of how they are so you describe as multiple layers you start off with a site which is the foundation and from here you build load bearing walls for the structure and after the local bilberry structure you put in the skin which protects the outside of the building after that you put in the surfaces you put in the electricity put in the plumbing all that stuff inside the walls you put in a space plan to the non load bearing walls and after that you for this stuff it is all furniture and so this is a pacing layers view of systems and how they work the reason i like this is because it it gets you to thinking about structure and process in 2 different ways it actually puts the process and makes it material and changing over time now let us talk about how you make changes so if you are going to have if you leave a house you can have a choice wait this way the story clothes you can store clothes in a closet or you can store it in an armoire an armoire as part of the stuff just furniture and moves around rapidly you can move it around a closet is fixed into the wall when you leave the house you cannot take the closet with you do you think an armoire with you when you were designing things you need to figure out what you want to design it in a fad a quickly changing layer or a slowly changing layer when you if you actually follow through and go to how buildings learn he talked about the pompidou center and in paris where they did swatches something outrageous and what they did was they put the services outside skin which is not a good idea because all the air conditioned ducting is outside and it is corroding the acid rain so there is a logic behind doing these things a helpful way of licking up about change this is a 1993 people kind of notice 0 the mass customization framework of a dynamic stability instability framework is that there are ideas of product change and process change and if you have a stable product so the way normal business model is to start off to the invention mode the 1st time you build something you have a product that is dynamic everything you invent is different and the process by which you do with this dynamic after you have an invention you come down into mass production hall what they do mass production if you try to stabilize the product so you create the same thing over and over again and try to stabilize the processes so you can do it with quality after that within a continuous improvement mode so that in here we are kind of in the model t every color every cars all of this black you can make incremental improvements to that which is we have a foundation or a platform and google on top of any variation but this idea might build ships will make up into the mass customization framework which is to have the dynamic process not magnetic product and stable process the trick behind us is that people who are working in mass customization did not move to mass customization you can not do that you have to go through the ceilings which is started mass production go to continuous improvement the process transformation and then you can get the mass customization so i pretty well run out of time i think that i have run out of time shortly so i have to figure out what i am going to jump to here let us see i think i need to just one thing on services okay we are going to jump to the end and out of all these things i am going to do be and so i will talk about theory the offering and talking a little adaptive change so there has been a lot of work on service systems i come in to a different lecture for that the money that i recommend is that you actually look at the work of rapper ramirez and richard norman into which neighborhoods and this i give during the offering and the proposition when you get the service economy is that there is 2 e is approaches service economy one if you have actually done work in service science is steve fargo is work which is on service dominant logic and service don the logic i talked to steve focus asked me to do this research and he said of course he knows this researcher asks what why are you have service dominant logic he said there is 2 aint approaching you thinking one needs to use all the same words and and overload them and the other one is ukrainian vocabulary so what richard norman did systems thinker he created a new vocabulary from looking at systems what steve had cod what steve fargo does which turned on logic that he says i am doing research those services and then he redefined what services means so this was a little bit clearer a sense of the idea is that we have offerings and offerings of 3 dimensions there is a physical component so if you look at automobile that is physical car service content which is the financing the all certain thing to get along with the car to the onstar those sorts of things and if people content which could be the maintenance afterwards release and the way you approach this is we notice our documents the idea offering its output doing system so you have input of this input process output the offering is output gives industrial logging kind of customer value to transactions and so essentially the idea here is when you someone sounds a car when you buy the car you own the car that is it the transaction is done the value is in accurate physical hassle there has been a movement towards a service logic which is they have a relationship to the auto we love manufacturers do not actually make money on the vehicle they make money on the financing and any money on the on the maintenance after the car but that is your having a customer value to a relationship they have to have a relationship with you if you if you are doing your own maintenance doing your own oil changes that is less of a relationship if you have no idea that offering as an input the other self service module so if someone could have to be an auto fuel manufacturer give you all the parts for a car and you assemble it so that means that you are actually doing you are not you do not care about the assembled car those you want a custom bicycle is more practical or a mass customized bike what happens is that they give you all the components and you change them yourself you build them yourself the do a partnership logic which is a relationship logic that is in the long term you deal with i could be like a joint venture and so it could be a couple of research organizations come together they do not know what the outcome is going to be they come with a physical product a service product and people content altogether and that is in the output now you can mix the stuff because there is a difference between having self service logic where you come in to do something regularly and it is your transaction so it is like going to an atm machine going to an atm machine is not like actually going in a partnership with someone and building something together it is going to make money longer can the difference in the thinking towards this is that traditionally we think about supply chain we think about value madam and ideally the product add things on top whereas if you come with this ikea is usually the example they talk about when you are building something like it is a co production and you could pay someone to assemble the ikea furniture for you but value proposition is actually even putting things together with you so you are actually contributing to co production ok come down to the end yes okay hold on now i have to go back to one of the slides so that is the address of rats no it is good it is good okay so jim is 4 who is at that point director of prominent services research would ask the question by the national science foundation how should we change education so it is very service economy and this was his the answer was that if you look at primary school education this is the way we should we have to get knocked by science and math and stuff like that but doing this way so firstly work on systems that move store part of the process the transportation systems when they are in kindergarten your kids have to get on a bus or walk or whatever they understand traffic takes them make them understand that really secondly water waste management do you understand that water does not happen on the tap you know how does it go with the water cycle and the clouds and you know river is all sort of stuff food and global supply chain need understands that food does not have that supermarket to go to farms energy and energy grid like christy does not as come over the wall if you think of a plant consulate so if i read for they can ask the question how does their whole bottle and actually work good that way i have a waffle good cd talk here and it ends up over there somewhere the 2nd category systems that enable healthy well like people building the construction is actually a big service industry about a product industry banking and finance is obvious retail hospitality health care and education our services but great feat is when you focus on the health care system how you actually know how the whole culture system works and i like it that my great 9 you are talking about education but they have been in school since kindergarten so now is that why are you there systems that govern grade 10 a government cities then you get restatement of provinces and then federal and so the idea is to work from the concrete to the more abstract and so our education system traditionally has not been oriented towards this way of thinking about service systems the there is a differentiation between a production perspective and a service perspective and this is fundamental to a lot of the work on doing a pattern language in the research i am doing now is we talk about buildings and chris frolic dentists work on buildings is about getting the building as a product if we took an extent and we started talking to them in a different way a service perspective we would change the way they look at it and the way we do that is by talking about affordances so i told you about the okay firstly i need to do this sorry i may have to run over a little bit i hate to do this to a class but you guys are asking the question so order the systems movement as assistant thing i were working on it has been torch what is called technological perspective and so when i am saying doctor i understand that called in a different way the history of this was back in the 1950s 60s and you go back to behavioral psychology so behavioral psychology you have bf skinner he rings the bell the dog salivates the way means to understand people was trying to get inside their heads jacob gibson was kind of the father of ecological psychology and what he looked at was how is it that we should understand a pilot trying to land a plane on an aircraft carrier you have got the ship moving as of the landing movie and you have got the pilot with this plane and both going together and how is he actually get that interaction what is the system here try to get inside the pilots head does not understand it does not help you what you trying to do now is understand the interaction between the pilot the aircraft and the carrier and to all this stuff that is a system you are interested in you are interested and so the question is asked up what is inside your head but what your head is inside that is that is a systems perspective that is the ecological systems perspective talking about the containing whole and getting that idea but what your heads inside and that is the hardest part now the way that designers actually do this and they have done it don norman unfortunately did it is a really bad to service on this is jj gets a crazy idea of an affordance an affordance is whatever the environment contribute to the carny the tracks that occurs and traditionally we talk about affordances is a doorknob is an affordance a doorknob affords you the ability to open the door if you have a door you know you can pull on the door and the affordance is actually not the doorknob itself the affordance is the person perceiving that the doorknob existed it could pull on don norman when he was doing work at apple start talking about real affordances without actually you had to rewrite this in psychology of everything the design of everyday things and so if you start with the map of the mac trashcan as an example the mac trashcan is an affordance because it allows you to delete stuff however when you get to the real jay jay gives a definition if a person does not recognize the trashcan is to get rid of stuff it is not an affordance so if you want to shut off you if you want to eject a disk out of a mac and the way to do it is put in a trash can that is not an affordance that people use you can not figure that one out right in new service design will we do affordances we should we think about affordances for mobility and high ability people so currently i am a mobility person i am getting my achilles tendon fixed up so there is 2 ways of iding this building for me to come in what is a complex way it was a complicated way the complicated weights me together this building 2 entrances one entrance with a handicap and one entrance for everyone else is being embodied a complex system would be one entrance everyone comes in the safe way now there is actually no problem having a complicated approach but we tend unlike the complex approaches so stop and think about but either case there are 4 dances and if you think about that affordance what you would have is an entrance that affords me the ability to get into the building is going now okay i had a question about gender activity and so i am going to close on that and i know make the differentiation with with the way you think about systems there is 2 ways to grow systems there is dentistry somatic and between systemic and systemic the better way of describing this and bates it is right this way so natick system our cylinder changed so if you think about going from here to the rocky mountain going to denver rocking out high altitude there are somatic chains have happened when the human body goes to high altitude the body will adapt eventually right do not drink the 1st couple of days falsely preserve them but there is also someone who is born at high altitude and they have a genetic advantage because they are born there over generations of time it will be built into them so that is the difference between genetic change and somatic gene generally we have the distinction between auto pointer and aliphatic i am a factory line is a nonliving thing and as effect reducing the inputs are not the same as the outputs that is of biology this is called a logo esis which is creating something different a generative system is part of living systems and it is autopoietic autopoietic which means it can reproduce itself so human beings are autopoietic because we reproduce human beings but this gets a bit distinction between a reactive system also a co responsive system so when you have these sort of things to try and design a system you can design them one way or the other and it is not that one is right or one is wrong in particular you are looking at a lapointe existence versus autopoietic systems it is actually more efficient to create aliphatic systems cloning the sort of stuff that technology it actually takes less energy to do cloning than it does to actually do a fully autopoietic human being so when you make any sorts of choices then then you end up with making decisions about architecting types if you are going to work on with that i think my time is up so i am happy to take questions or hang around or whatever we should do a cough so philosophically okay hold on keeping applying this okay there is a difference in philosophy that happens and the difference is teleology versus juliana me so teleology is the study of ends its philosophy of ends and so aristotle has 4 cups of coffee so i talked about goals objectives ideals you end up with trying to figure out how something causes something else so you are starting from here and kind of moving into the future tili tili enemy is a study that happens in biology and it is about programming so as opposed to having a goal for something would you actually design a program that might actually influence something in the future so let us talk a moment about my children or asanas so there is one way of doing this would be okay i am going to raise my children with all these goals you know so they should actually have a goal and life have purpose the other philosophy would be well i am actually going to put i am going to try to program them a little bit i am going to you know try them as different sports and different activities and if they do not like it it is fine but it is like all for my son can actually play piano but none of them are really serious about it every once awhile it is like 0 yeah you go back to offer a guide to piano lessons does not mean they are going to concert pianist but that is part of their program because it provided that i did not say i want to be concert pianist i need to say learner piano play piano i wanted them to learn music and so we asked to have guitars around the their learn how to play guitar by themselves and hang around the house they play now i put it down but a lot of them a lot of a cost of a cost dissertation became published as on purposeful systems and so he is all about purpose can you get away of about not talking about purpose and in most projects you are working on that is really tough you have a sponsor and they go why am i sponsoring you what am i going to get out of this and so that is generally not to do with purpose or ends and the work that we are working on it is much more of a process i am going to take this process as a matter of fact this is the work so the person introduced out of the meat is actually raphael rogers at ibm research in san jose and this is a stop arachne focused on can you do research and suzanne oates 11s in shanghai we are actually trying to figure out how you do artificial intelligence and design together from a process perspective getting it published because if you look at the publication waste people the publishing process now what happens you research and you have an output and you publish that but what happens you go instead of the process orientation which is we have a journal that actually tracks with progress along the way and whenever it cut whatever happens is whatever happens it is a different way but you go well how do you peer review we do peer review on the process you do not forget peer review on the endpoint so suseelan raphael are really hot on that and that kind of came along to help yeah so bateson is way over here and he comes over here and in between you have got all these guys are called to work with resilience and stuff like that they are biologists and they trying to figure out how to satisfy these people could you get an environmental management and regime shifts and stuff like that so watersheds like how do we change this watershed that is kind of like well you want to run to the ball you will not fall to come to you so to the absolute to the epis all the problem if you are going to dissolve a problem when you are actually dissolving the problem and redesigning the system you want to design self reinforcing self organizing systems and people do not like that so the the person that is influenced me most logistical community david hawke who was russ a cos 1st phd student and he wrote his phd at the wharton school of finance on anarchy anarchy is not chaos anarchy is a lack of hierarchy so everyone is flat it is the ultimate complicated organization so if you are going to find a complicated organization with autonomy of the people how is it you do that yeah i just had a quick i have a couple of questions that i think take a lot of people really interested in change change making and so we tend to be focused on how to make change think about the change that is coming it is interesting because i went brilliant my class who actually hot and even at that timing systems thinking her she had a very strong systems approach so her approach was so too affordable for instance at the time she the wheelchair disability problem and she was obsessed with the idea that we were going but it all along the way that we should be retrofitting our buildings at half a $1000000 a piece and we should not be doing all this we should be actually tackling the problem which is the people so she went off to design she is now one of the leading experts in artificial limbs but also skin suits so she did i forget what they are calling out but they are they are suits that if you wheelchair you can put them on and you can actually walk they actually are completely self supporting so that you you do not actually need a wheelchair so the importance is you can now behave like a normal being she has been working on this for 20 years but they are finally getting to the point where they actually exist in our if you are in a wheelchair you can choose no i do not want to spend my whole life rolling around i want to actually be putting on a suit at some and i can actually walk society like a person so those are interesting ways of looking at 2 different systems one human my question really is about one of my big projects right now is autonomous vehicle stop and so and my question is my question is around at some point systems they they become they know are no longer associate technical they actually are almost living that they they learn your behaviors they respond to your habits they they do they do things that you would do even before you would do them in fact right so and autonomous vehicles are kind of like that where they program but they are also programmed to learn yeah and so at some point they actually do what you do better than you do right in the sense that well normally you would do this so now i am going to do it only i can do it in a fraction of a 2nd millisecond where you would actually have to think about it for 2 seconds right so we are going into a whole bunch of systems like that behaviors and attitudes am i going to be comfortable with somebody making a better decision like me yeah so so i have 2 ideas that come with that have you covered panarchy okay okay so so the way that a call just look at panarchy is that they tend to look at where resilience is strong because i am an organizational change person i want to look for low resilient systems if a system is strong its resilient you can not change it because whatever you do to it it it is kind of stays there the way that the call just draw this out is they have what are called fallen cuff diagrams and so you have a cup and you have got a fall it is at the bottom here and then when you perturb it you kind of rock it around but then you have got another cup over here and what you want to do is is have a regime shift where you push it and it comes out of this cup and goes into a different cup right if it is resilient but you have a super deep cup there is no way you are going to move it that is a highly resilient system you can not move it what you want is something in a flat structure and then it is easy to move it place another place so as organizational change person i look for where is the low resilience in the system where is it weak because if the system is weak that is a great time for change so people look at donald trump and they like 0 my god you know but it is a great opportunity for change in the united states and they should take advantage of it if they do not take advantage of well you get the alternative collapse you hope with regime shift because they go to another stable state that is better they could also collapse but that is kind of their choice the other idea that comes out of this is gary rabbits have the idea of normal science and post normal science and in normal science we actually tend to rely on the experts but when the stakes are high and the payoffs are big like nuclear power plants should would rely on nuclear scientists act to give us all the advice on nuclear power and the answer is no we should actually get involved with citizens and citizens like their it with enough patience as an average educated citizen should be able to figure what is going on even with nuclear power plant to make them decisions all the plants all the decisions should not be made by experts and so it is not clear to me right now with autonomous vehicles that the average person knows why they are doing this and and to me i understand the move away from from internal combustion engines but i also noticed like masta i have been driving masses for a while and they do the best they can with the existing technologies and we have all the infrastructure in place for you know gas stations and stuff like that my son adam works at neo with nino which is one of the manufacturers and he has this video you see on youtube they are doing the electric vehicle you drive the next vehicle beside what looks like a garage you push the button the car automatically autonomously backs in to the garage the bottom of the garage comes open they take the battery out the battery in in 2 minutes on the car drives empty and they are doing this in china and that is the design because in china it is not a democracy you can actually decide that you are going to have the entire transportation system change you could say we are going to stop producing a internal combustion engines and the way you are going to do this you can swap cars and they are going to drive in in 2 minutes again their battery please i can not see any that stuff in the united states not our democracy it is like a to many of interests and there is no there is no way they could do that so the system is behind it are different another interesting aspect generational because our generation for us the idea of freedom was you new generation yeah yourself actually driving i do not need to drive a car with drive is attractive so i think local policy is over other source of generational shift yeah but but this is this is why i do not know how many people still have a hard landline telephone line in their house 0 it is actually pretty good that is more than i expected i still have a landline in my house and the reason is that i do not know if you were living in toronto we have the total blackout power failure the phone still work right the phones still work and that is the reason is that people forget about the systems that exist and do not do proper analysis of the systems that exist to find out what it is about that is good about the old system for the court of the new system price take off when he actually one of the methods he has it is called reference projection and that is really a healthy exercise you might look at the reference projection for the work you are doing in your mrp because that is an impetus so what happens if we continue the way that we are going the example that he talked about was originally than when telephone switching was an operator plugging in stuff at a switchboard if we if the people kept adopting telephones at the rate they were adopting them there have been a requirement for more operators more telephone operators switchboard operators than there were people in the united states so it is obviously unsustainable and so you just go on this trend now in autonomous vehicles i do not know if they have done that analysis work it is like so what did we kept improving internal combustion engines at the rate that we have been turning now there is going to get a point where you you say you can not do better than that but that kind of happened to the computer industry where it is like 0 we can not make chips any faster 0 parallel processing now we are doing all these other things so maybe there was an alternative way of lengthening that and i do not know what are the economics of that compared to the economics of the coffee it is to innovation is happening in canada and they are not necessarily the same right so what is we should be moving to electric vehicles so we should be putting all our energy into making a battery in a dozen way at time like that is that is why those cars was so heavy right so that is one thing and yeah we can all be driving electric vehicles the other is the millennium ship to to people who do not necessarily want to drive do not care about driving and i think you know sidewalk labs for instance there their argument we think people are living in the waterfront are all millennials they do not want to drive that is why we are pushing these because they just want these things they are going to get them on their phone they are going to show up and that is it and that is why we are eliminating all the private roads 0 that is interesting yeah but but it is also a big mistake and and so one of the things i want to work on is is the issue of cities and complexity a city is a complex system and we know it is not sustainable so what are we doing to create 2 d complexify cities and this is why i find i actually say that it is interesting to see what happens at the provincial level i am really into than provincial government cuz provincial government should actually be trying to get people to move out of toronto that should be what they are funding and they should fund it seriously because having more people come to the city is a increasingly complex and disqus worse and worse they are not going to solve that problem like i am not going to have too much of an infrastructure there we should actually be getting people who be out of the city so it is prevent agencies were all rallying architects and urban planners and there was tons of competitions we would my office at the time submitted all kinds of things we won a couple of awards doing alternative building of cities right definitely and it was all based on transportation system that could get you from here to there in like 30 minutes when you could be in another like reston or another place and other village that was you know 2 hours from here right and the idea was that you would not have suburban sprawl you would actually have nodes if that were that there were farms in between right and so the preventional funding so that was their solution but i think we are trying to to aggregate those ideas and get people and developers to build those so that if they stop sprawl and he stopped the kind of incredible just density or identifying of the city they found though because they never had there was never like they had the land they had the idea but they just could not put it all together and now the models are gone you have no i can not think of the last time anybody was talking about where we should be creating a whole new town somewhere yes and amazon coming to toronto that is the worst idea like that is a terrible idea we do not need amazon also going to call the word congestion that is a really bad idea probably lots of surface okay well so maybe we will leave it there and one thing i would say 2 things is you will probably be digesting this talk there is a lot i can say only because this is also my territory that was very relaxed you are going i guarantee you as you go along in your future projects you will find all kinds of things that you will want to go back and say 0 my god i need to look that up get down all of the slides and have them because they will come in handy as is he has got lots of resources and the other thing is once you connect so once again thank you for coming in it was great you could talk the story of how peter and i got engaged so what happened that peter jones comes into toronto who is in toronto and he was working on language action perspective and it was publishing an article and so he sends a message to my blog says i notice you are in toronto quite a lot we meet when you are here and i said i live in toronto	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5lFHPBD-qxs
1,048.14875	[Music] if you were listening to this tape you have probably already experienced a panic attack let me reassure you that you are not alone this estimate is that in the United Kingdom about 1 in 3 people will be affected by panic attacks some of the signs and symptoms I will describe a common - panic attacks and whilst it is unusual for panic attacks to have a physical cause it is always advisable to see your GP to rule this out from time to time in our lives we have all experienced feelings of anxiety worry panic sometimes these feelings seem to get out of hand and we experience extreme anxiety worry and or panic attacks these experiences are all part of the body's response to a perceived threatening situation you may be familiar with the concept of the stress response or our fight-or-flight mechanism the stress response is a primitive survival mechanism it is an instinctive reaction for when we are in danger it can be readily understood if we think about our ancestors who may have been faced with say for example a saber-toothed tiger when faced with such a threat our ancestors would have had needed to make the decision whether they were going to stay and fight the tiger or run away either way they would need extra energy to help them run or fight that extra energy is adrenaline as the adrenaline circulates around the body it provides the major organs of the body with the energy needed until the threat is over this adrenaline rush all happens within a few seconds and the energy is used up in the body by either fleeing or fighting it is the fight-or-flight response that enables people to perform apparently superhuman feats of strength and stamina so what if we've got to do with panic attacks a panic attack is simply an exaggeration of the body's normal fight-or-flight response one of the things people frequently ask is why they feel the way they do why they experience some of the following symptoms palpitations an increased awareness of their heartbeat butterflies in the tummy jelly legs fuzzy head dizziness dry mouth pains in the chest hot or cold flushes sweating shaking rapid breathing or shortness of breath sick these feelings can be scary when some people feel as if they're having a heart attack and fear they may die after a panic attack you may find it you're left feeling physically and emotionally exhausted again this is due to the stress response panic attacks although very uncomfortable and distressing are completely harmless to reiterate a panic attack is simply an exaggeration of the body's normal fight-or-flight response as well as these physical symptoms of panic people may also experience psychological symptoms distressing thoughts such as feeling they're going to collapse but they may lose control but they feel from her detached from things around them things may feel unreal commonly people think that they are seriously ill and may be going crazy again it is important to recognize that many people who experience panic attacks have these or similar negative or catastrophic thoughts when the panic attack is over these thoughts may seem embarrassing or irrational but at the time they are very real and so strong that they may create a Nikoli worry at the back of the mind which in turn can create further anxiety it is the fear of the fear that lingers for example the fear of taking another panic attack this feeds the anxiety and begins a vicious circle of fear fleeting anxious thoughts which influence our feelings and back to the feelings of here again and so on this is important to address and challenge these anxieties directly by paying attention to what we think or to explain it in another way being mindful of our thoughts we will look at this a bit later on panic attacks can occur for many different reasons often people can recognize an identifiable trigger this trigger could be a certain chapter 15 such as an accident or hearing some terrible news it could be a major life stress or a more steady buildup of stress the trigger could be physical illness flu or virus for some people a particular situation may cause feelings of panic for example standing in a queue to supermarket for other people seeing or thinking about a particular object may cause panic for some people there is no identifiable trigger and the panic attacks seem to come from out of nowhere at this point it is important for you to know that panic attacks can be controlled and although they can be scary they are not faithful I will repeat that no one has ever died of a panic attack there are several simple things you can do to gain control of your panic attacks firstly and very importantly once you have been clearly reassured by a medical practitioner do you are experiencing panic attacks and your symptoms are results of this you then need to add knowledge and believe this from here you can move on to help yourself and take responsibility for the way you feel physically just take a moment now to look at your lifestyle by lifestyle I mean your routines the things you do day to day take a look at your diet are you happy with the type of foods you're eating do you feel you know what a well-balanced diet is it is recommended that we eat 5 to 6 portions of fruit and vegetables there are plenty of good information leaflets available in libraries health centers and Clinics they're clearly outlined what constitutes the good balanced diet many community organizations food cooperatives and health promotion centers offer information advice and recipes about healthy eating on a budget a poor diet does affect the way we feel and think check your caffeine intake how many cups of coffee do you drink in a day remember that caffeine can be found in tea Cola and some other soft drinks think about trying a decaffeinated substitute try to drink at least eight glasses of water a day don't wait until you feel thirsty as a birthday to have already started to dehydrate whilst looking at lifestyles be honest with yourself and think about how much physical exercise you take daily a brisk walk and a breath of fresh air is a simple cheap and effective form of stress relief as I continue to listen to this tape just try to keep an open mind after all you have nothing to lose but your panic attacks I talked earlier about the stress response or fight-or-flight remember that the results of race is an increase in energy circulating around your body in the form of adrenaline this is an automatic response and it's part of what is known as our autonomic nervous system the relaxation response is also part of the autonomic nervous system and it is important to recognize that you can't feel panic and calm at the same time it's an either-or the next thing to look at doing to overcome your panic attacks is building relaxation into a daily life side to of this type will help with this many people say that they can feel physically relaxed but find it hard to switch off their mind chatter a useful technique to try is just to imagine that all your thoughts are floating inside a bubble and you can just gradually let each bubble float away into the distance no need to ignore these thoughts just recognize they are there then watch them float on by without giving much attention to any one thought simply let them go with all of these techniques the clear words are persistence and practice if you do experience a minor setback don't be disheartened keep going and you will overcome your panic remember that you can make changes it will make a difference to you many people when they experience a panic attack notice that their breathing rate increases and become shallow they may over breathe or hyperventilate two common signs of chronic fighter ventilation are excessive yawning or sighing both the breathing causes more carbon dioxide to be released from the body than usual and this lowering of carbon dioxide can in itself results in panicky feelings one quick way to remedy this is whenever you experience signs of panic just close your mouth by doing this you will automatically adjust your breathing to a deeper more relaxed breath breathing in and out through your nose it is important to practice correct breathing exercises on a daily basis so that you can be certain that your body is learning to breathe properly in a relaxed rather than stressed monolith to help you with this here are a couple of techniques to try take a nice deep breath in through your nose if you can and if that's comfortable but as you breathe in imagine your stomach expanding when filling out hold for the count of four then breathe out slowly and completely here's another one to try this time completely ignore your upper body nose mouth lungs and just imagine that you are breathing in and out through your toes and just take a moment now just to try that now let's look at your thoughts as I mentioned earlier it is easy to get caught up in unhelpful thinking patterns one of the most important things to do is to learn to become aware of what you are thinking about while your thoughts predominantly positive and supportive or negative and unhelpful what kind of words do you use when you are talking to yourself and describing your planet do you use the more negative words such as never and count or do you use more optimistic terms such as I can overcome these panic attacks one thing you can be certain about is that whatever you say you will feel and believe so begin from today to pay attention or be mindful about what you through you think a mindful technique not only highlights our anxious thoughts but we can also learn to be more aware of other unhelpful confidence trailing thoughts and beliefs we may hold why don't you try writing down a few positive thoughts on postage stickers and place them around your houses reminders practice reminding yourself the feelings of panic are as a result of the fight-or-flight response and that you are safe both physically and emotionally [Music] also remind yourself these feelings will pass and you can stand your ground no need to run away some people noticed that if they find something to focus on other than the panic then the anxious feelings for decide more rapidly you could try focusing on an object planting or a combination of these focus on and objects in your environment in Campton for example lamppost or cars you could also try imagining yourself in a lovely relaxing place or situation you will find what works for you so don't give up keep trying it is important that you can begin to feel in charge of your feelings of panic now let me just recap on the main points a panic attack is simply an exaggeration of the body's normal fight-or-flight response you can make positive steps to overcome panic keep an open mind practice relaxation and breathing techniques daily practice mindfulness decide whether you need to make any lifestyle changes take time out to you and do the things that you enjoy doing finally most importantly to scope you [Music] you [Music]	if you were listening to this tape you have probably already experienced a panic attack let me reassure you that you are not alone this estimate is that in the united kingdom about one in 3 people will be affected by panic attacks some of the signs and symptoms i will describe a common panic attacks and whilst it is unusual for panic attacks to have a physical cause it is always advisable to see your gp to rule this out from time to time in our lives we have all experienced feelings of anxiety worry panic sometimes these feelings seem to get out of hand and we experience extreme anxiety worry and or panic attacks these experiences are all part of the body is response to a perceived threatening situation you may be familiar with the concept of the stress response or our fight or flight mechanism the stress response is a primitive survival mechanism it is an instinctive reaction for when we are in danger it can be readily understood if we think about our ancestors who may have been faced with say for example a saber toothed tiger when faced with such a threat our ancestors would have had needed to make the decision whether they were going to stay and fight the tiger or run away either way they would need extra energy to help them run or fight that extra energy is adrenaline as the adrenaline circulates around the body it provides the major organs of the body with the energy needed until the threat is over this adrenaline rush all happens within a few seconds and the energy is used up in the body by either fleeing or fighting it is the fight or flight response that enables people to perform apparently superhuman feats of strength and stamina so what if we have got to do with panic attacks a panic attack is simply an exaggeration of the body is normal fight or flight response one of the things people frequently ask is why they feel the way they do why they experience some of the following symptoms palpitations an increased awareness of their heartbeat butterflies in the tummy jelly legs fuzzy head dizziness dry mouth pains in the chest hot or cold flushes sweating shaking rapid breathing or shortness of breath sick these feelings can be scary when some people feel as if they are having a heart attack and fear they may die after a panic attack you may find it you are left feeling physically and emotionally exhausted again this is due to the stress response panic attacks although very uncomfortable and distressing are completely harmless to reiterate a panic attack is simply an exaggeration of the body is normal fight or flight response as well as these physical symptoms of panic people may also experience psychological symptoms distressing thoughts such as feeling they are going to collapse but they may lose control but they feel from her detached from things around them things may feel unreal commonly people think that they are seriously ill and may be going crazy again it is important to recognize that many people who experience panic attacks have these or similar negative or catastrophic thoughts when the panic attack is over these thoughts may seem embarrassing or irrational but at the time they are very real and so strong that they may create a nikoli worry at the back of the mind which in turn can create further anxiety it is the fear of the fear that lingers for example the fear of taking another panic attack this feeds the anxiety and begins a vicious circle of fear fleeting anxious thoughts which influence our feelings and back to the feelings of here again and so on this is important to address and challenge these anxieties directly by paying attention to what we think or to explain it in another way being mindful of our thoughts we will look at this a bit later on panic attacks can occur for many different reasons often people can recognize an identifiable trigger this trigger could be a certain chapter 15 such as an accident or hearing some terrible news it could be a major life stress or a more steady buildup of stress the trigger could be physical illness flu or virus for some people a particular situation may cause feelings of panic for example standing in a queue to supermarket for other people seeing or thinking about a particular object may cause panic for some people there is no identifiable trigger and the panic attacks seem to come from out of nowhere at this point it is important for you to know that panic attacks can be controlled and although they can be scary they are not faithful i will repeat that no one has ever died of a panic attack there are several simple things you can do to gain control of your panic attacks firstly and very importantly once you have been clearly reassured by a medical practitioner do you are experiencing panic attacks and your symptoms are results of this you then need to add knowledge and believe this from here you can move on to help yourself and take responsibility for the way you feel physically just take a moment now to look at your lifestyle by lifestyle i mean your routines the things you do day to day take a look at your diet are you happy with the type of foods you are eating do you feel you know what a well balanced diet is it is recommended that we eat 5 to 6 portions of fruit and vegetables there are plenty of good information leaflets available in libraries health centers and clinics they are clearly outlined what constitutes the good balanced diet many community organizations food cooperatives and health promotion centers offer information advice and recipes about healthy eating on a budget a poor diet does affect the way we feel and think check your caffeine intake how many cups of coffee do you drink in a day remember that caffeine can be found in tea cola and some other soft drinks think about trying a decaffeinated substitute try to drink at least 8 glasses of water a day do not wait until you feel thirsty as a birthday to have already started to dehydrate whilst looking at lifestyles be honest with yourself and think about how much physical exercise you take daily a brisk walk and a breath of fresh air is a simple cheap and effective form of stress relief as i continue to listen to this tape just try to keep an open mind after all you have nothing to lose but your panic attacks i talked earlier about the stress response or fight or flight remember that the results of race is an increase in energy circulating around your body in the form of adrenaline this is an automatic response and it is part of what is known as our autonomic nervous system the relaxation response is also part of the autonomic nervous system and it is important to recognize that you can not feel panic and calm at the same time it is an either or the next thing to look at doing to overcome your panic attacks is building relaxation into a daily life side to of this type will help with this many people say that they can feel physically relaxed but find it hard to switch off their mind chatter a useful technique to try is just to imagine that all your thoughts are floating inside a bubble and you can just gradually let each bubble float away into the distance no need to ignore these thoughts just recognize they are there then watch them float on by without giving much attention to any one thought simply let them go with all of these techniques the clear words are persistence and practice if you do experience a minor setback do not be disheartened keep going and you will overcome your panic remember that you can make changes it will make a difference to you many people when they experience a panic attack notice that their breathing rate increases and become shallow they may over breathe or hyperventilate 2 common signs of chronic fighter ventilation are excessive yawning or sighing both the breathing causes more carbon dioxide to be released from the body than usual and this lowering of carbon dioxide can in itself results in panicky feelings one quick way to remedy this is whenever you experience signs of panic just close your mouth by doing this you will automatically adjust your breathing to a deeper more relaxed breath breathing in and out through your nose it is important to practice correct breathing exercises on a daily basis so that you can be certain that your body is learning to breathe properly in a relaxed rather than stressed monolith to help you with this here are a couple of techniques to try take a nice deep breath in through your nose if you can and if that is comfortable but as you breathe in imagine your stomach expanding when filling out hold for the count of 4 then breathe out slowly and completely here is another one to try this time completely ignore your upper body nose mouth lungs and just imagine that you are breathing in and out through your toes and just take a moment now just to try that now let us look at your thoughts as i mentioned earlier it is easy to get caught up in unhelpful thinking patterns one of the most important things to do is to learn to become aware of what you are thinking about while your thoughts predominantly and supportive or and unhelpful what kind of words do you use when you are talking to yourself and describing your planet do you use the more negative words such as never and count or do you use more optimistic terms such as i can overcome these panic attacks one thing you can be certain about is that whatever you say you will feel and believe so begin from today to pay attention or be mindful about what you through you think a mindful technique not only highlights our anxious thoughts but we can also learn to be more aware of other unhelpful confidence trailing thoughts and beliefs we may hold why do not you try writing down a few positive thoughts on postage stickers and place them around your houses reminders practice reminding yourself the feelings of panic are as a result of the fight or flight response and that you are safe both physically and emotionally also remind yourself these feelings will pass and you can stand your ground no need to run away some people noticed that if they find something to focus on other than the panic then the anxious feelings for decide more rapidly you could try focusing on an object planting or a combination of these focus on and objects in your environment in campton for example lamppost or cars you could also try imagining yourself in a lovely relaxing place or situation you will find what works for you so do not give up keep trying it is important that you can begin to feel in charge of your feelings of panic now let me just recap on the main points a panic attack is simply an exaggeration of the body is normal fight or flight response you can make positive steps to overcome panic keep an open mind practice relaxation and breathing techniques daily practice mindfulness decide whether you need to make any lifestyle changes take time out to you and do the things that you enjoy doing finally most importantly to scope you you	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2q03WCXmp34
617.883	hey it's brett with summit auto and today i'm going to show you how to take your doors off of your jeep wrangler jl uh you can see we already got the hard top off of this one if you want to check out that video on how to take your hard top off it's in the on the right hand part of the screen so you're going to need a couple tools to take your doors off one is the tool kit that comes with the jeep wrangler you're going to need the t50 bit and your socket or your ratchet i should set uh this particular door removal process and then the second thing you're going to want to do is you're going to want to prep to make sure that you have a spot to put your doors because the last thing you want to do is be lifting a 50 pound door or 45 pound or whatever they weigh and not have any place to put it and then damage the bottom of your doors which will cause them to oxidize and all that stuff so get a 2x4 or something put it pretty close to the wall so you can lay the door on there and then lean it up against the wall and we'll get started right now so the first thing that you want to do before you undo any bolts or undo any quick disconnects is you're going to want to roll your windows down now this does two things it allows you to get a better grip on the door when you actually have it off and then it'll also protect your glass from running into anything and breaking while you're moving your doors so i always recommend rolling your windows down so that they're easier to transport and it's safer for the glass now the first thing you're going to do is we're going to take these front doors off first but you got to take the quick disconnect so as you can see there's a strap here which helps the door um not swing open all the way and then there's also the electrical so that the locks and the windows work so the first thing that you're going to want to do is you're going to want to pop this panel off like so there's two quick tabs like so now this is the tricky part you're going to want to take this red snap that's right here you're going to want to push that up and then the second thing there's a little tab right here that's the secret to this you push that end and then that top piece will come off like so so once it's all the way up that comes off like that there's a little strap here you put your door in just go like that and now your strap is off the next thing we're going to want to do is take off this hinge right here so that we can get the door fully off the vehicle all right so new on the jls is they have this bar right here which helps kind of hold the door in place in different spots it's kind of nice because what it does is it stops your door from swinging all the way open if you saw a lot of the jks come in unused when people would take the doors off they'd remove this strap the door would swing open and they'd dent their front fenders which happens i'm probably about half the used jeeps that we see come through as far as the jks go so you're going to want to grab your torx 40 wrench or your t40 get that into your ratchet right here then we're just going to take this piece off and once we get this off we can take our door hinge bolts out and you'll be able to lift this door right off and put in your pre-determined storage area all right now that we have our quick disconnects off and we also have our hinge off we'll be able to take these other door hinges off with a t50 and go in just like so but what i was telling you about before on the jks now that we have that hinge off this is what would happen on all the jks the doors would open and then they would swing the mirrors would swing into these fenders and then you'd get big dents on your fenders there so you just got to be careful once you have that hinge undone that you make sure that it doesn't swing open but if you stay on this side of the vehicle you shouldn't have a problem so you're going to want to get your socket and just get these guys up and don't worry about the door falling off because it slides on top of the holders there so once we get these out we'll show you how to take them off then you can take it to your predetermined spot for your doors all right so now that we got both the bolts actually they're kind of more like nuts than they are bolts you got both of those off i'll show you you can see that it actually there's like a female end there where it will screw into there but once we got both of those off we can lift the door right up and then we'll take it over to our assigned spot and then i'll show you how to get the back doors off all right now that we have them off both of those nuts um what we're going to do is uh if we come around to the back side here i'll show you what i'm doing on this side of the door there's actually a handle for the inside handle that you can grab and this is what makes having these doors off really nice so we're going to grab the handle here and then i'm actually going to grab the bottom of the door so if you want to come around to this side nice and low so you want to grab right here so that you get a good angle on this so they're not going to like go up so these just slide up like so and they come right off like that you can see once they came off it was pretty pretty easy so now i'm using the mirror to kind of hold it and support it and this you can store it like so other people put hangers on their walls that can support up to 50 pounds i believe these are right around 30 to 35 pounds but uh you can put supports on the wall making on the wall that's what i do with my old jk but that's how you get the front door off and now we'll take the back door off all right to get the back doors off it's pretty much same process as in the front there's just a couple little things that are different now the first thing you're going to want to do is take this front seat and slide it all the way forward so once you have that all the way forward then you have access to this panel right here there's two tabs on the bottom so kind of push on the bottom and then it'll slide down there's two holders right there and that piece kind of just hangs off to the side so once again you're going to have a quick disconnect in here there's a little tab a little gray tab press that in pull that down and that comes off just like so you're going to want to close your door a little bit so this piece comes off like that and then your next step is exactly the same as the front door you take this piece off you take your two nuts off the outside and then this lifts up just like the front one now this one's going to be a lot lighter than the front door because it doesn't have the mirror on it and it's a little bit smaller of a door so we'll do that in just a second you can check that out all right now we'll take our back door off we got all the nuts off we got the hinge off and we also have the quick disconnects off once again there's a handle on the back side that you're going to want to grab and then you're going to want to grab the bottom just make sure that these lift off nicely that you don't chip the paint once you've got it off so you know this door is a lot lighter let's say this one's probably about 25 pounds maybe 30. now i forgot to mention it on this door but what you're going to want to do is you're always going to want to put the painted side towards the wall in case it does fall over you're not going to damage the outside on your vehicle you want to make sure that you're nice and lined up there and then just store it like that make sure it's nice and square but that way you're never going to get any dents in your paint or your body um we're getting chips on it and that's how you do it we'll take the other dose off and then we'll go for a spin with all the doors and top off now that we got our top and our doors off it's time to take this thing for a spin and as always buckle your seatbelt let's go for a ride so i hope you enjoyed the video on how to take your doors off of your wrangler uh throughout the process this is the first jail that we've taken the doors off here at summit and personally for myself but uh just kind of one little pro tip uh for taking the doors off that you may want to incorporate while you're taking the doors off so the first thing is take these bolts off first i know in the video i may have taken the uh the hinge bolt off first take these out first so that they're loosened and it's just easier to get them out because the door is supported by the hinge or by the block on there so it's easier to get these out and then when you do take these off make sure that you have the door opened up all the way when you take this hinge off because if you close it you're not going to be able to get that hinge out and when you want to put the door back on it becomes very difficult so that's your pro tip of the day take these guys off first and then they hinge inside and leave the door open when you remove the door so hope you enjoy the video remember to like subscribe and share and click the bell notifications to get updates on all the videos that we do each and every day thanks again	hey it is brett with summit auto and today i am going to show you how to take your doors off of your jeep wrangler jl you can see we already got the hard top off of this one if you want to check out that video on how to take your hard top off it is in the on the right hand part of the screen so you are going to need a couple tools to take your doors off one is the tool kit that comes with the jeep wrangler you are going to need the t 50 bit and your socket or your ratchet i should set this particular door removal process and then the 2nd thing you are going to want to do is you are going to want to prep to make sure that you have a spot to put your doors because the last thing you want to do is be lifting a £50 door or £45 or whatever they weigh and not have any place to put it and then damage the bottom of your doors which will cause them to oxidize and all that stuff so get a 2 x 4 or something put it pretty close to the wall so you can lay the door on there and then lean it up against the wall and we will get started right now so the 1st thing that you want to do before you undo any bolts or undo any quick disconnects is you are going to want to roll your windows down now this does 2 things it allows you to get a better grip on the door when you actually have it off and then it will also protect your glass from running into anything and breaking while you are moving your doors so i always recommend rolling your windows down so that they are easier to transport and it is safer for the glass now the 1st thing you are going to do is we are going to take these front doors off 1st but you got to take the quick disconnect so as you can see there is a strap here which helps the door not swing open all the way and then there is also the electrical so that the locks and the windows work so the 1st thing that you are going to want to do is you are going to want to pop this panel off like so there is 2 quick tabs like so now this is the tricky part you are going to want to take this red snap that is right here you are going to want to push that up and then the 2nd thing there is a little tab right here that is the secret to this you push that end and then that top piece will come off like so so once it is all the way up that comes off like that there is a little strap here you put your door in just go like that and now your strap is off the next thing we are going to want to do is take off this hinge right here so that we can get the door fully off the vehicle all right so new on the jls is they have this bar right here which helps kind of hold the door in place in different spots it is kind of nice because what it does is it stops your door from swinging all the way open if you saw a lot of the jks come in unused when people would take the doors off they would remove this strap the door would swing open and they would dent their front fenders which happens i am probably about half the used jeeps that we see come through as far as the jks go so you are going to want to grab your torx 40 wrench or your t 40 get that into your ratchet right here then we are just going to take this piece off and once we get this off we can take our door hinge bolts out and you will be able to lift this door right off and put in your pre determined storage area all right now that we have our quick disconnects off and we also have our hinge off we will be able to take these other door hinges off with a t 50 and go in just like so but what i was telling you about before on the jks now that we have that hinge off this is what would happen on all the jks the doors would open and then they would swing the mirrors would swing into these fenders and then you would get big dents on your fenders there so you just got to be careful once you have that hinge undone that you make sure that it does not swing open but if you stay on this side of the vehicle you should not have a problem so you are going to want to get your socket and just get these guys up and do not worry about the door falling off because it slides on top of the holders there so once we get these out we will show you how to take them off then you can take it to your predetermined spot for your doors all right so now that we got both the bolts actually they are kind of more like nuts than they are bolts you got both of those off i will show you you can see that it actually there is like a female end there where it will screw into there but once we got both of those off we can lift the door right up and then we will take it over to our assigned spot and then i will show you how to get the back doors off all right now that we have them off both of those nuts what we are going to do is if we come around to the back side here i will show you what i am doing on this side of the door there is actually a handle for the inside handle that you can grab and this is what makes having these doors off really nice so we are going to grab the handle here and then i am actually going to grab the bottom of the door so if you want to come around to this side nice and low so you want to grab right here so that you get a good angle on this so they are not going to like go up so these just slide up like so and they come right off like that you can see once they came off it was pretty pretty easy so now i am using the mirror to kind of hold it and support it and this you can store it like so other people put hangers on their walls that can support up to £50 i believe these are right around 30 to £35 but you can put supports on the wall making on the wall that is what i do with my old jk but that is how you get the front door off and now we will take the back door off all right to get the back doors off it is pretty much same process as in the front there is just a couple little things that are different now the 1st thing you are going to want to do is take this front seat and slide it all the way forward so once you have that all the way forward then you have access to this panel right here there is 2 tabs on the bottom so kind of push on the bottom and then it will slide down there is 2 holders right there and that piece kind of just hangs off to the side so once again you are going to have a quick disconnect in here there is a little tab a little gray tab press that in pull that down and that comes off just like so you are going to want to close your door a little bit so this piece comes off like that and then your next step is exactly the same as the front door you take this piece off you take your 2 nuts off the outside and then this lifts up just like the front one now this one is going to be a lot lighter than the front door because it does not have the mirror on it and it is a little bit smaller of a door so we will do that in just a 2nd you can check that out all right now we will take our back door off we got all the nuts off we got the hinge off and we also have the quick disconnects off once again there is a handle on the back side that you are going to want to grab and then you are going to want to grab the bottom just make sure that these lift off nicely that you do not chip the paint once you have got it off so you know this door is a lot lighter let us say this one is probably about £25 maybe 30 now i forgot to mention it on this door but what you are going to want to do is you are always going to want to put the painted side towards the wall in case it does fall over you are not going to damage the outside on your vehicle you want to make sure that you are nice and lined up there and then just store it like that make sure it is nice and square but that way you are never going to get any dents in your paint or your body we are getting chips on it and that is how you do it we will take the other dose off and then we will go for a spin with all the doors and top off now that we got our top and our doors off it is time to take this thing for a spin and as always buckle your seatbelt let us go for a ride so i hope you enjoyed the video on how to take your doors off of your wrangler throughout the process this is the 1st jail that we have taken the doors off here at summit and personally for myself but just kind of one little pro tip for taking the doors off that you may want to incorporate while you are taking the doors off so the 1st thing is take these bolts off 1st i know in the video i may have taken the the hinge bolt off 1st take these out 1st so that they are loosened and it is just easier to get them out because the door is supported by the hinge or by the block on there so it is easier to get these out and then when you do take these off make sure that you have the door opened up all the way when you take this hinge off because if you close it you are not going to be able to get that hinge out and when you want to put the door back on it becomes very difficult so that is your pro tip of the day take these guys off 1st and then they hinge inside and leave the door open when you remove the door so hope you enjoy the video remember to like subscribe and share and click the bell notifications to get updates on all the videos that we do each and every day thanks again	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rz_w70_Oj_Y
442.479438	hi everybody this is Michelle today is Monday September 5th 2016 and this is my CVS all for you looks a little boring doesn't it there isn't a lot going on this week and I think that's due to the labor day weekend we obviously did not have inserts this weekend because they they kind of do that normally on holiday weekends so yeah basically not a lot going on but what happened was I started to shop and then I came across the 75 percent off clearance aisle and I was just stunned I found toys galore basically and I went up to the redbox checking each one to make sure they were on sale and sure enough they were and so I just started feeling my cart my husband had to go grab me another car because mine was just chalked full now I will say you're going to want to check that video out I posted that last night it's the CBS seventy-five percent off coupon haul and look at all this stuff I found and I i would highly suggest going to check your CBS s out because if you can stock up on gifts for birthdays or even with the holidays coming for Christmas it's going to be a great thing because it's going to be less stress on you come to come that time of year you know so I start doing that because we are in September and before you know it it will be the holiday so little here little there is better than nothing so anyway this is my CVS haul the first thing I did was the newbie amends body wash they are by ten dollars worth and get a what was it a five-dollar ECB so basically what i did was i purchased three because i had There Were coupons on coupons calm for a dollar off each bottle so what I did was I bought three these are four dollars a piece and then when you spend the 10 you get a three dollar extra care buck well I had a to make sure I tell you the right one I had a three off attend body wash purchase so if you factor in the coupons the three one dollar coupons the three dollars off ten dollar body wash purchase coupon and then the fact that you get a three dollar ECB back it makes each bottle a dollar so for newbies body wash that's an awesome deal so if you want to print the coupons off coupons calm because if you want to get three of them you're going to need two devices because you're allowed to print twice from each device so I still have a body wash coupon so I'll try to get some more but we'll see so that was a great deal the kogi is buy one get one half off at my store one would be 679 and the other one was 339 getting me to the ten-dollar if you spend ten dollars on the mouthwash or toothpaste you get a five-dollar ECB I had two one dollar off coupons from I think it was last weekend's insert I used two of those and then I had a to office six dollar mouthwash purchase so basically I think made it like pennies sex for me for each of these so that was a great deal so if you have these redbox coupons it's going to make a better deal for you so that was awesome ok so the glue sticks were the six pack was a dollar 49 and then what happens was you purchased one and then you get a I think it was a dollar I irie flipped my ECPA so I think it was a dollar yes a dollar ecd back so it made them 49 cents not too bad not too shabby ok now the physicians formula now they have a deal going on right now where you spend was it twenty dollars on physicians formula you would get a ten-dollar ECB now i happen to have that had printed off last weekend a make sure i get got it right a five off of $15 physician formula coupon from the redbox last week so basically i bought two of these concealer I'm know what you call them like pen type things these were 1279 and then i used the five off of 15 so you know it took the five dollars off and then i also had a cosmetics purchase coupon which I could use also which took off another three off of fifteen dollars for makeup so it took off eight dollars from me so that was great and then I got my ten dollar ECB and i got these these are a little more pricier I didn't get the other ones because I had a bunch of the other like little concealer type things I didn't want to get that I got these ones so it made it a really good deal for me so it wasn't that was really good okay the venus razors when you bought two they were giving you back a six-dollar ECB i had make sure I give you the right one three off of a fifteen dollar venus razor purchase coupon i had two of those so it would take six dollars off and then I had two coupons that were three dollars off of a venus razor so that was twelve dollars off and these were 899 a piece and so then i got my six dollar back so that was an awesome deal um so that was cool so other than that that's pretty much that's pretty much what I did that's unless so far but like I said I concentrated on the seventy-five percent off clearance aisle because I really want to stock up my room for the holidays so I hope you guys are having a great labor day I hope you're all taking it easy or maybe you're starting to clean a bit before the winter hits that's what I'm doing today and hopefully I'll get out and do a little more shopping and some deals and i'll post those but if you have any questions leave them down below and also make sure you go check out that CVS haul that i did last night and post it for you I really highly suggest that you check out CVS for that clearance stuff because we're all trying to save money and it's well worth it alright guys have a great day and I'll talk to you soon love you and God bless	hi everybody this is michelle today is monday september 5th 2016 and this is my cvs all for you looks a little boring does not it there is not a lot going on this week and i think that is due to the labor day weekend we obviously did not have inserts this weekend because they they kind of do that normally on holiday weekends so yeah basically not a lot going on but what happened was i started to shop and then i came across the 75% off clearance aisle and i was just stunned i found toys galore basically and i went up to the redbox checking each one to make sure they were on sale and sure enough they were and so i just started feeling my cart my husband had to go grab me another car because mine was just chalked full now i will say you are going to want to check that video out i posted that last night it is the cbs 75% off coupon haul and look at all this stuff i found and i i would highly suggest going to check your cbs s out because if you can stock up on gifts for birthdays or even with the holidays coming for christmas it is going to be a great thing because it is going to be less stress on you come to come that time of year you know so i start doing that because we are in september and before you know it it will be the holiday so little here little there is better than nothing so anyway this is my cvs haul the 1st thing i did was the newbie amends body wash they are by $10 worth and get a what was it a $5 ecb so basically what i did was i purchased 3 because i had there were coupons on coupons calm for a dollar off each bottle so what i did was i bought 3 these are $4 a piece and then when you spend the 10 you get a $3 extra care buck well i had a to make sure i tell you the right one i had a 3 off attend body wash purchase so if you factor in the coupons the $31 coupons the $3 off $10 body wash purchase coupon and then the fact that you get a $3 ecb back it makes each bottle a dollar so for newbies body wash that is an awesome deal so if you want to print the coupons off coupons calm because if you want to get 3 of them you are going to need 2 devices because you are allowed to print twice from each device so i still have a body wash coupon so i will try to get some more but we will see so that was a great deal the kogi is buy one get one half off at my store one would be 679 and the other one was 339 getting me to the $10 if you spend $10 on the mouthwash or toothpaste you get a $5 ecb i had $21 off coupons from i think it was last weekend is insert i used 2 of those and then i had a to office $6 mouthwash purchase so basically i think made it like pennies sex for me for each of these so that was a great deal so if you have these redbox coupons it is going to make a better deal for you so that was awesome ok so the glue sticks were the 6 pack was a dollar 49 and then what happens was you purchased one and then you get a i think it was a dollar i irie flipped my ecpa so i think it was a dollar yes a dollar ecd back so it made them ¢49 not too bad not too shabby ok now the physicians formula now they have a deal going on right now where you spend was it $20 on physicians formula you would get a $10 ecb now i happen to have that had printed off last weekend a make sure i get got it right a 5 off of $15 physician formula coupon from the redbox last week so basically i bought 2 of these concealer i am know what you call them like pen type things these were 1279 and then i used the 5 off of 15 so you know it took the $5 off and then i also had a cosmetics purchase coupon which i could use also which took off another 3 off of $15 for makeup so it took off $8 from me so that was great and then i got my $10 ecb and i got these these are a little more pricier i did not get the other ones because i had a bunch of the other like little concealer type things i did not want to get that i got these ones so it made it a really good deal for me so it was not that was really good okay the venus razors when you bought 2 they were giving you back a $6 ecb i had make sure i give you the right 13 off of a $15 venus razor purchase coupon i had 2 of those so it would take $6 off and then i had 2 coupons that were $3 off of a venus razor so that was $12 off and these were 899 a piece and so then i got my $6 back so that was an awesome deal so that was cool so other than that that is pretty much that is pretty much what i did that is unless so far but like i said i concentrated on the 75% off clearance aisle because i really want to stock up my room for the holidays so i hope you guys are having a great labor day i hope you are all taking it easy or maybe you are starting to clean a bit before the winter hits that is what i am doing today and hopefully i will get out and do a little more shopping and some deals and i will post those but if you have any questions leave them down below and also make sure you go check out that cvs haul that i did last night and post it for you i really highly suggest that you check out cvs for that clearance stuff because we are all trying to save money and it is well worth it alright guys have a great day and i will talk to you soon love you and god bless	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ehl00Cydl5g
915.4235	um I'm not I we're going to make this happen again I presume we're g to we're going to do further interviews let's make this a thing yeah that'd be wonderful okay does anybody have any more questions um Jay asked how many kids do you think are part of the program let's say this I want everybody to understand that um when I shut down the precidio military base and consequently shut down the largest human traffic human child trafficking operation in the world which was con operated by the US Army in particular but all other branches of service tangentially I want people to understand that the military retorted uh by damage control they established What's called the month of the military child and if you ever take a look at the month of the military child it's in April look up the month of the military child ask yourself when it started you'll find out it started after the pridal military base was closed after Doug Dietrich had it shut down this was their damage control that they put through Congress and then you'll see them bragging about our um thousands of daycare centers thousands are the role model for daycare centers worldwide I mean first off ask yourself this question we all know that war is is essentially inescapable we know that nation states ultimately need militaries it's silly to say they don't because obviously if you don't other nations will March in uh we do know that there are Warrior cultures the yunkers of Germany the samurai of Japan America does not have that it has what's called a quote unquote professional military well whatever military you've got understand understand that the whole purpose of a military I'm certain we all agree is to break things and kill people and otherwise you don't have a military you've got something like a Peace Corp um so if you want to help people in humanitarian Aid you develop a peace core something like that but a military it's to break things and kill people and I think we can all agree that whatever ever else a war machine might be it should never be a family environment so when you've got the US military touting the month of the military child and bragging about we got thousands of daycare centers all over the world and oh they're the model for daycare centers worldwide ask yourself why why does our military have daycare centers the very Insanity of what what I'm saying should echo through your mind and force you to confront the insanity of the military hun which runs your culture so this is what needs to be confronted is how many children too many but one thing I can tell you when I was involved with the military thousands of children were being trafficked we had a daycare center that was capable of caring for 1,500 children at any given time and we had families transferring in and out of the pridal military base regularly so at any given time you'd have a thousand kids in this daycare center and the half a hundred kids that were infected by Gary Willard hamite alone think of all the others infected by so many other people participating in this in this abuse this pimping out of children to people who came in to have sex with them uh which is what the kids were reporting being taken home to other people's homes being taken home to a Kino's home uh you have these kids by the thousands in precidio alone and we're talking with on a regular basis so ultimately you I'd have to say the tens of thousands of kids were essentially trafficked pimped out prostituted VI the the precidio daycare center system and you put in all the other military bases think of what I described at West Point uh ask yourself have you ever seen in General like a politician or some quote unquote successful individual who said I was raised on a military base have you ever met anyone ever in your life who has ever said I was raised on a military base now the scary thing is there are people who are born on a base and die on a base these people exist are they anyone you would ever want to meet I would wager not they're the product of a sick welfare state in which they're born on a base join the military die on a base it is this is not healthy this is your professional military that's not professionalism that's a cult what you have is an armed cult that is effectively running your nation as a hun running your culture so uh I would say that pretty much every child that is born into the system is in one way or another a part of that system exploited if they're not being directly abused they wind up enabling A system that condones and expedites and ultimately traffics and this abuse I think next time too we'll go into about the um the finders and about a lot of that um but we'll have to have that for another time absolutely and we'll schedule that um I think I think everyone has okay I hope you guys enjoyed this stream Mr dri please tell them give them um tell them about your books real quick yes and um where they can find those tell them about your website and then um and about your own YouTube channel that you run and any other information they can where they can find more thank you um thanks to Jennifer Hawkins the young lady who made this possible she's a she's a hero and uh make certain you maintain her in thoughts and prayers she will come under further attack or approach by these elements in the future I'm sure uh but I also know she's strong and stands against them uh with your help your thoughts and prayers she'll stay strong and uh resist the call call of cthulu the call of chaos uh so when it comes to uh myself I have a website that I um I'm no longer really putting anything on uh but I will I hope to ultimately return to doing so it's full of all kinds of information though incredible yes it has articles and by all means access those articles that are on there by all means thank you Jennifer and uh yeah so Douglas d.com uh so that's easy douglas.com and aside from that uh my YouTube channel is Douglas Dietrich so yeah look up Douglas Dietrich on YouTube when you find the Asian guy you know you're there um the Asian guy with blue eyes uh they're actually it's actually Alexandria's Genesis they're they're actually um more of a shade of phosphate purple or something but than that they're lovely oh you're very kind oh bless you honey uh and you're you're gorgeous it's been wonderful having you to this and your books your books yes my books uh the Roswell Des ception uh and the demystification of World War II that's a single book with a non get that too sometime I hope I can interview about absolutely yeah and so the Roswell deception look that up on Amazon or buy it from skybooks USA and also vampy uh spelled v m pyrology yeah so vamper ly and that is uh again Amazon.com or skybooks USA uh yeah might as well order it directly from skybooks USA when you can Amazon fine you know just uh make certain that you spread the word and uh by all means uh Nemo says could you tell the listeners to look up DDD archive 1 and two on Odyssey so yes um odyssey.com uh I do want people to understand that there's been a backup of a lot of my videos that are no longer on YouTube or censored by YouTube so this is on Odyssey to find more of my content uh DDD archive that's D do D do d apparently no dot D.D do D archive one and two on Odyssey now one of these is from John Warrington I believe or they might both be by Nemo Albano um and so he's typing some more stuff here um and um Jennifer you you have the patience of a saint I pray you get enough rest are you going to get enough rest tonight before your work tomorrow um it'll be fine it'll and and and do I do want people to understand she will us uh Jennifer will remind us the next time she and I are getting together which hopefully will be within a month or two we're going to um Talk also about Frank Borman what he had to do with aino and may Brussel and how I had to contact him and uh May Brussel both and how Michael Lino was attempting to destroy them both and why and um so we'll we'll get into that next time as well as the time that Michael Kino sent me to the Soviet Union so I was dispatched to the Soviet Union to meet Alexander Dugan who was a guest often times of Alex Jones and who was also often introduced by Alex Alex Jones as Putin's brain and also how I was interviewed by Sha Stone who wound up converting to Michael ao's cause uh his father father Oliver Stone became an aino acolyte by force uh basically aino got control of uh uh ol Stone through his son Shawn Stone because his son compromised himself by repeating what I had to say without context and on Alex Jones which got him compromised by Michael aino so all that hopefully we'll remember next time I'm just writing I'm just saying this so we can write I'm I am going to and then um we'll come back to it so we're not picking up or repeat you know going so we're kind of just gonna pick it up right here not right here directly but they're going to begin to address those things and go further into because there's so much more about the occult in World War II and then more about the Temple of there's just so much there's just so much actually and this could have gone on but um for me yeah but for me for you for you no I was just going to say I'm sorry before I forgot before it dribbles out of my ears we do want to remind people that uh both juli and Assange was connected to an aino run cult as well Shany Nikon in Australia we'll get into that hopefully as well as uh Michael snowden's connection or um Edward snowden's connection uh I can't even remember his full name I triy to bleach it out of my mind but please let's Jennifer have the last word um uh believe me I I can't thank you enough you're incredible the what you you I was actually going to say that you're incredible and um everything this information is just I want to say again whenever I found um it was I couldn't believe that I had you know was able to get to talk with with you I think people don't understand how like how um how how incredible to be hearing these accounts from you are um it's completely it's um invaluable it's it's amazing Priceless information that that you have and and what's interesting because I've taken everything that you that I have heard you referen to and mention and I have looked up um since we've been visiting over the last couple of weeks or so looked up so much of this and it's just unbelievable just the level of this that you the information that you have and I hope that we will and so I appreciate it so much and thank you so much for sharing it with everyone and um I'm very glad that I know this was tedious and that it was it did not go smoothly at first but I promise you it um I think next well I hope the next time it will be easier to get started with it and then um we can just continue to um hear your your your experiences let's put it this way Jennifer what our audience needs to understand is uh we're going to hope for the best but you've all got to expect the worst because when it comes to anytime we try to initiate these discussions the enemy does everything they can to discourage us they want to destroy our morale so that we never do this again this is why they attack all sides in terms of the technological Communications this is n a at work so this is this is truly uh a technical assault and uh it's a dedicated cyber assault and uh they have the means of doing this uh and it also involves a form of occult attack as well don't not doubt that that's simply a form of Applied quantum mechanics so we will have to get into that too I wish we could get into that right now but I think it's but otherwise because that's gonna but I I really want to give it a lot of time to hear that um what you're going to say about the quantum mechanics of the magic itself so that people can hear a lot about the um nle the N Engle Circle and just the the the way that the more about that and I think we could go into a little of that and um you could explain some of that to people in a in a way of course if you'd like I'd be happy to and uh so um uh Jen you're an angel you're uh you're more than Earth deserves you're amazing Mr Dietrich and thank you so much and um I'm going to come over here and I'll probably let me make sure there's nobody let me see here I think everybody really enjoyed this and um you guys have a great night and thank you so much for staying with us this is a again um I'm Jenna Arana with the troubled Minds radio network kuap and this was Mr Douglas Dietrich first interview and I hope everyone has a wonderful evening Day morning and thank you so much for being with us good night	i am not i we are going to make this happen again i presume we are g to we are going to do further interviews let us make this a thing yeah that would be wonderful okay does anybody have any more questions jay asked how many kids do you think are part of the program let us say this i want everybody to understand that when i shut down the precidio military base and consequently shut down the largest human traffic human child trafficking operation in the world which was con operated by the us army in particular but all other branches of service tangentially i want people to understand that the military retorted by damage control they established what is called the month of the military child and if you ever take a look at the month of the military child it is in april look up the month of the military child ask yourself when it started you will find out it started after the pridal military base was closed after doug dietrich had it shut down this was their damage control that they put through congress and then you will see them bragging about our 1000s of daycare centers 1000s are the role model for daycare centers worldwide i mean 1st off ask yourself this question we all know that war is is essentially inescapable we know that nation states ultimately need militaries it is silly to say they do not because obviously if you do not other nations will march in we do know that there are warrior cultures the yunkers of germany the samurai of japan america does not have that it has what is called a quote unquote professional military well whatever military you have got understand understand that the whole purpose of a military i am certain we all agree is to break things and kill people and otherwise you do not have a military you have got something like a peace corp so if you want to help people in humanitarian aid you develop a peace core something like that but a military it is to break things and kill people and i think we can all agree that whatever ever else a war machine might be it should never be a family environment so when you have got the us military touting the month of the military child and bragging about we got 1000s of daycare centers all over the world and 0 they are the model for daycare centers worldwide ask yourself why why does our military have daycare centers the very insanity of what what i am saying should echo through your mind and force you to confront the insanity of the military hun which runs your culture so this is what needs to be confronted is how many children too many but one thing i can tell you when i was involved with the military 1000s of children were being trafficked we had a daycare center that was capable of caring for 1500 children at any given time and we had families transferring in and out of the pridal military base regularly so at any given time you would have a 1000 kids in this daycare center and the half a 100 kids that were infected by gary willard hamite alone think of all the others infected by so many other people participating in this in this abuse this pimping out of children to people who came in to have sex with them which is what the kids were reporting being taken home to other people is homes being taken home to a kino is home you have these kids by the 1000s in precidio alone and we are talking with on a regular basis so ultimately you i would have to say the 10s of 1000s of kids were essentially trafficked pimped out prostituted vi the the precidio daycare center system and you put in all the other military bases think of what i described at west point ask yourself have you ever seen in general like a politician or some quote unquote successful individual who said i was raised on a military base have you ever met anyone ever in your life who has ever said i was raised on a military base now the scary thing is there are people who are born on a base and die on a base these people exist are they anyone you would ever want to meet i would wager not they are the product of a sick welfare state in which they are born on a base join the military die on a base it is this is not healthy this is your professional military that is not professionalism that is a cult what you have is an armed cult that is effectively running your nation as a hun running your culture so i would say that pretty much every child that is born into the system is in one way or another a part of that system exploited if they are not being directly abused they wind up enabling a system that condones and expedites and ultimately traffics and this abuse i think next time too we will go into about the the finders and about a lot of that but we will have to have that for another time absolutely and we will schedule that i think i think everyone has okay i hope you guys enjoyed this stream mister dri please tell them give them tell them about your books real quick yes and where they can find those tell them about your website and then and about your own youtube channel that you run and any other information they can where they can find more thank you thanks to jennifer hawkins the young lady who made this possible she is a she is a hero and make certain you maintain her in thoughts and prayers she will come under further attack or approach by these elements in the future i am sure but i also know she is strong and stands against them with your help your thoughts and prayers she will stay strong and resist the call call of cthulu the call of chaos so when it comes to myself i have a website that i i am no longer really putting anything on but i will i hope to ultimately return to doing so it is full of all kinds of information though incredible yes it has articles and by all means access those articles that are on there by all means thank you jennifer and yeah so douglas d com so that is easy douglas com and aside from that my youtube channel is douglas dietrich so yeah look up douglas dietrich on youtube when you find the asian guy you know you are there the asian guy with blue eyes they are actually it is actually alexandria is genesis they are they are actually more of a shade of phosphate purple or something but than that they are lovely 0 you are very kind 0 bless you honey and you are you are gorgeous it has been wonderful having you to this and your books your books yes my books the roswell des ception and the demystification of world war ii that is a single book with a non get that too sometime i hope i can interview about absolutely yeah and so the roswell deception look that up on amazon or buy it from skybooks usa and also vampy spelled v m pyrology yeah so vamper ly and that is again amazon com or skybooks usa yeah might as well order it directly from skybooks usa when you can amazon fine you know just make certain that you spread the word and by all means nemo says could you tell the listeners to look up ddd archive one and 2 on odyssey so yes odyssey com i do want people to understand that there has been a backup of a lot of my videos that are no longer on youtube or censored by youtube so this is on odyssey to find more of my content ddd archive that is d do d do d apparently no dot d d do d archive one and 2 on odyssey now one of these is from john warrington i believe or they might both be by nemo albano and so he is typing some more stuff here and jennifer you you have the patience of a saint i pray you get enough rest are you going to get enough rest tonight before your work tomorrow it will be fine it will and and and do i do want people to understand she will us jennifer will remind us the next time she and i are getting together which hopefully will be within a month or 2 we are going to talk also about frank borman what he had to do with aino and may brussel and how i had to contact him and may brussel both and how michael lino was attempting to destroy them both and why and so we will we will get into that next time as well as the time that michael kino sent me to the soviet union so i was dispatched to the soviet union to meet alexander dugan who was a guest often times of alex jones and who was also often introduced by alex alex jones as putin is brain and also how i was interviewed by sha stone who wound up converting to michael ao is cause his father father oliver stone became an aino acolyte by force basically aino got control of ol stone through his son shawn stone because his son compromised himself by repeating what i had to say without context and on alex jones which got him compromised by michael aino so all that hopefully we will remember next time i am just writing i am just saying this so we can write i am i am going to and then we will come back to it so we are not picking up or repeat you know going so we are kind of just going to pick it up right here not right here directly but they are going to begin to address those things and go further into because there is so much more about the occult in world war ii and then more about the temple of there is just so much there is just so much actually and this could have gone on but for me yeah but for me for you for you no i was just going to say i am sorry before i forgot before it dribbles out of my ears we do want to remind people that both juli and assange was connected to an aino run cult as well shany nikon in australia we will get into that hopefully as well as michael snowden is connection or edward snowden is connection i can not even remember his full name i triy to bleach it out of my mind but please let us jennifer have the last word believe me i i can not thank you enough you are incredible the what you you i was actually going to say that you are incredible and everything this information is just i want to say again whenever i found it was i could not believe that i had you know was able to get to talk with with you i think people do not understand how like how how how incredible to be hearing these accounts from you are it is completely it is invaluable it is it is amazing priceless information that that you have and and what is interesting because i have taken everything that you that i have heard you referen to and mention and i have looked up since we have been visiting over the last couple of weeks or so looked up so much of this and it is just unbelievable just the level of this that you the information that you have and i hope that we will and so i appreciate it so much and thank you so much for sharing it with everyone and i am very glad that i know this was tedious and that it was it did not go smoothly at 1st but i promise you it i think next well i hope the next time it will be easier to get started with it and then we can just continue to hear your your your experiences let us put it this way jennifer what our audience needs to understand is we are going to hope for the best but you have all got to expect the worst because when it comes to anytime we try to initiate these discussions the enemy does everything they can to discourage us they want to destroy our morale so that we never do this again this is why they attack all sides in terms of the technological communications this is n a at work so this is this is truly a technical assault and it is a dedicated cyber assault and they have the means of doing this and it also involves a form of occult attack as well do not not doubt that that is simply a form of applied quantum mechanics so we will have to get into that too i wish we could get into that right now but i think it is but otherwise because that is going to but i i really want to give it a lot of time to hear that what you are going to say about the quantum mechanics of the magic itself so that people can hear a lot about the nle the n engle circle and just the the the way that the more about that and i think we could go into a little of that and you could explain some of that to people in a in a way of course if you would like i would be happy to and so jen you are an angel you are you are more than earth deserves you are amazing mister dietrich and thank you so much and i am going to come over here and i will probably let me make sure there is nobody let me see here i think everybody really enjoyed this and you guys have a great night and thank you so much for staying with us this is a again i am jenna arana with the troubled minds radio network kuap and this was mister douglas dietrich 1st interview and i hope everyone has a wonderful evening day morning and thank you so much for being with us good night	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-1OIMrobM2U
1,551.557375	do with these programs when i talk about office software the most basic type is operating systems this is the actual program that runs your computer that access the accesses files and launches programs we also often talk about word processing for writing letters or emails talking about spreadsheets used for forms and calculations i'll show you flow charts when you want to draw a diagram or do mind mapping i'll show you about how to make presentations like this for slide shows i'll show you how to use a project software when you need complex ordered lists for project management the most important really for office is communication email and instant messengers and other ways to contact people and online meetings such as webex net meetings skype and vue that will allow you to meet people remotely and get office meetings done now first let's talk about operating systems uh the types of operating systems you're probably familiar with is windows os x which is used for macintosh linux and unix personally i am a windows user so i want to show you a few tips on how to use windows more effectively first off is using your desktop and shortcuts now um i have often worked at a big corporations where all the important files are buried in a network drive somewhere maybe 10 folders down and drive x and if you navigate to them every single time you need them it will take a lot of time a much quicker way to do this is to create a folder for your shortcuts so that you can quickly access all your files now when i go to the desktop also show you uh the more icons you have on your desktop the more it will slow down your computer as every time you go to your desktop it has to draw all these little icons now here's a folder i created called shortcuts and this is where i like to put a shortcut say for my office or for my job and we'll go down in here to my work folder and say i need to access uh in my employee handbook regularly i can actually go in here right click it click create shortcut and you'll see this little shortcut appeared at the bottom i can now actually drag and drop that to my shortcuts folder it looks like i'm going to need to go back so i'm actually another way is i can cut this shortcut let's go back to my shortcut folder and i will paste it and there we go now whenever i need my handbook it's right on the desktop and i can just go right down here to my shortcuts and access it now an even handier tool on windows is the quick launch bar um and this is down on the bottom right next to your start menu if you're in windows xp it gives you little tiny icons here and windows 7 it gives you these much larger icons what this is for is if you want to take these shortcuts you can actually drag them down onto your bar and you can pin them here so that anytime you need that folder it is right there and ready to access but really handy for uh software um when i've worked at corporations we may have three chat programs and all these office programs that i will put down here in my quick launch bar making it really fast for me to launch the program and again getting these icons off my desktop so it stops slowing down my computer uh the start menu a really good way to use windows is to reorganize your start menu if we go back here to my desktop and you look at the start menu you'll see that all the programs are organized by the manufacturer by the company that made them and i really would prefer them to be organized by the type of program that i'm using so the way you do that is you can go to all programs right click it and click open uh we'll double go into programs and here is some of the folders that are in my start menu now what i like to do is create folders for the types of programs again i'll create a folder for audio a folder for pictures a folder for video programs and uh probably most importantly a folder for internet so you can right click here go to new go to folder and i'm going to name this folder internet and there's a couple different types of internet software i have my internet browsers so i'm going to make another folder called browsers and then i'm going to make a folder called chat as i have several different chat programs and i might also put one in here for webcam since i often have different programs for my webcam i'm going to close this down now notice when i go back into my start menu you will see here is my internet folder with my browser chat and webcam folders now i can actually go here and i'm going to grab yahoo messenger i'm going to drag it up here and i'm going to put it in this chat folder here we go move to chat unable to create folder chat okay well it did not like that one let's move a different one uh i'm gonna move um i have these google apps and here's google talk this is another chat program i like to use you just put it down here and we'll go with some of my browsers here's my google chrome i'm going to put that right in the browser i'm going to also add internet explorer i can drag that down to my browsers now when i'm done i'm organizing my start menu i'm not going to organize it all in this class but when i'm done i will usually only have about five folders in my start menu and i can find everything really fast as it will be all organized underneath the type of software and not who manufactures it now some really important shortcuts on windows i'm going to show you here first is control alt delete you're probably familiar with this one anytime your computer locks up where you have a program that's not working right now if you control delete you'll pull up the screen in windows 7 or it'll actually pull up the task manager in windows xp the first tab shows applications these are all the programs that are running right now so if you need an end into program you can just uh click end task and it will close that out if your computer is locked up you can go to processes and i usually will sort by cpu to see what program is using the most power and here is my recorder program that's actually recording this class or you can sort by memory and see which programs are taking the most memory and then if you click end process it will kill that program and your computer a lot of times will come back to life again uh screen capture is also really useful especially if you have an error in a program that you need to send to a programmer or to your itt department or if you're just trying to capture something on your entire screen you can hit control alt and print screen which is uh up on upper right hand side of your keyboard and what i do is i actually i'll go down here and start microsoft paint and then i'll just paste my screen in here so here's a a picture of the screen i just did of my powerpoint i can actually capture this screen again and now we have a window within a window and then you can actually crop it down to the size you want um whatever your error is that you need to send out uh to people so that is a really handy tip now if you do a lot of copying and pasting or moving files trying to rearrange things it's really handy to know the shortcuts to copy which is ctrl c or to paste which is ctrl v or undo things this works in almost every program to control z will undo your last whatever change you made if you do actually it's not control d this is windows d it'll take you to your desktop that's how i keep flipping to my desktop um and also windows e to get to your computer so i have these two wrong and i will update those in the handout that's attached to this class now when i'm talking about the office software i really want you to keep in mind offline versus online now traditionally we have always worked with offline software for microsoft office of course all the office programs before the internet the nice thing about offline programs is that you can access them even when you don't have internet access just a laptop in your office program and you can start up and start working on your documents it's only accessible from one specific drive so that makes it a lot more secure you know where it's at you know nobody's accessing it you can share the file on an internal network so you can post it out on a network drive you can also email it if you need to share it online but that's really the only way to share an offline document is to email it as i said you can link to these documents if there's out on a network drive you can send a link to people on the same network there's a lot of support for offline programs microsoft office has been around a very long time so it's familiar to most people a huge problem of course with offline programs is if your hard drive goes bad or the file gets corrupted that file is gone you've lost it and there's really no way to re get your work back if you send the file out to somebody else and they don't have the same program they can't open the file and sometimes that's even with the same program if you send a microsoft word 2010 document to somebody who's using uh microsoft word 1997 they're not going to be able to open the file and then also files will display this differently in different programs so if you send me a word file and i open it up in uh open office or somewhere else it may not show up the same now online um also has many good good things and bad things about it first thing is that it's accessible on the internet from any computer it doesn't matter where you are if you do your office work to an online program you can go log into your phone afterwards or go to a friend's house and use their computer uh so the second point i have is you can access it on your smartphone that's really handy uh if you are a traveling a business person and constantly need to look at things that you're working on in the office uh you don't have to worry about your computer crashing if your computer crashes and you are working on an online document it will all still be there still be online uh you might just lose whatever the very last changes uh when your computer crashed it's also really easy to share online documents as long as the people you're working with have internet access and you can control the access you can give specific people rights to get into your documents and either just look at them or edit them there's also lots of very specific tools online that will make things easier for instance you can make a quiz in microsoft word but there are actually really simple programs online that will create quizzes for you and then you don't have to fight with the formatting and trying to get pictures in and all that the programs will be much more specific to your use uh now some problems with online is that if you want to attach an online document to an email you have to send them a link and of course if they're offline or their internet's down or the website is down they will not be able to get to the file another big problem is that there's not much familiarity by users uh using online programs so there's not a whole lot of support if you're using an online program but they're all very easy to use and rather intuitive so first let's talk about word processors the biggest one people know about is microsoft word or maybe microsoft works which kind of has word tied into it another common one is open office write and open office is a open source program so it's free to everyone you can download it for free where microsoft word costs money you need to buy the microsoft office package and then there's also google's offering which is google docs an online office program and uh there's a really good one out there for creating quizzes called quizzinator.com and another really uh common word processor is wordpad it's on every single windows and if you don't have microsoft word you at least have wordpad which will help you to write letters and emails so main features of word processing is that you can format your words you can bold italic change the size of the words you can also embed images and graphs into your document so you can have graphs and kind of tell a story or or give a dialogue and then word processing usually has spell check as well so if you make any spelling mistakes you can fix it and usually has mail merge which allows you to use a spreadsheet to say pull up a list of addresses and insert them into letters so you don't have to write a thousand letters you can just write one letter and then do a mail merge to have it sent out to every person on your list now i'm going to show you just real quick a little bit of a text document now this is open office as i said this is an open source program you can get it openoffice.org and one thing i want to reiterate is that all of these programs are very very similar there's not a whole lot of difference between open office rider which is right here and you can see at the top we have our file and edit and various uh formatting things i'm going to switch over here to microsoft word now you see it's it's a little bit different it's a little prettier but it is the exact same functions um still have bold and all of our formatting and everything and i'll hop over here actually to google documents as well and let's see um here we are in google documents and i'll create a new document and again there again the exact same here's all your your formatting so uh whatever you want to write you can put in here and then you can change that highlight it make it bold or italic underline it change the color whatever you need there's also a lot of times tools in here to help you create certain types of programs especially in microsoft word there's things to help you build resumes or write lists whatever you need now one thing i do want to just show you is that i like to use google documents for things like my shopping list a lot of times i write out my shopping list while i'm at home and then when i go to the grocery store i'll pull out my phone and access my shopping list on google docs and just see what i had typed on my computer it's a lot easier for me than writing down a list and crossing it off and everything and i can also share this with other people if i was sending somebody else shopping i could send them a link to this program so they could go and buy what i need them to buy okay let's move on here next i'm going to talk about spreadsheets now spreadsheets are really what made computers uh what they are today businesses got into spreadsheets because they automatically add up numbers so you can do automatic calculations you don't have to worry that you added something wrong you just have to type the number in there correctly and make sure you make your formula right the most uh common is microsoft excel for spreadsheets it's used by just about every corporation i've ever worked at but some alternatives are also open office they have one called calc and google has one called google spreadsheets the key features of a spreadsheet is that it has columns and rows where you can add numbers put column headers and put different types of formulas you can format your different columns so you can bold things change the colors color the cells you can put calculations to automatically add up different columns or even pull numbers from other spreadsheets for doing reporting especially at one job i was able to automate a report that took my boss about two weeks to make and with excel i was able to automate it completely so that this report would generate just by opening up the spreadsheet you can also add graphs and charts into an excel it will take a bunch of numbers and it can generate pie graphs and bar graphs and other sorts of graphs to show people your data visually now let's just show you real quick uh what a spreadsheet looks like and some basic operations of it now again i'm going to go to google documents here i'm really a big fan of google documents and let's see cancel let's get out of this and google documents i'm going to create a spreadsheet now as i said in a spreadsheet you have your columns here going up and down named abcdefg and your rose which will number one through uh 66 000 or something like that and uh what i often do is you go in here you can put in your header and i'll put it in another header so you can classify what each column is yet another header and you can grab the columns and stretch them so they're whatever size you need same thing with the rows you can grab a row and stretch it if you want to be bigger or smaller you can highlight a whole row and say change the size of the words for the point size or you can make them bold and then we'll do a quick equation let's say i'm just going to type some random numbers in here just to show you uh what this can do 86 9 20 55 okay so here we have a list of numbers uh if i want to add these up i could whip out a calculator and add them up but a much easier way is to actually go on here and this uh i can click this little thing here that's um it gives you an option of what the different uh equations are or you can type in equals sum and i'm actually going to high oops excuse me so when you click this i'll click sum and you'll notice it automatically is trying to move my cursor in there and i can select what i want to add and hit enter and it will automatically add this up even better i can copy and paste and it will automatically move my equations you'll see the equation up here says b2 to b6 so column b row 2 to b6 so whatever i add here is automatically going to be added up so you can see how in a business where you have a lot of numbers this makes accounting so much easier when you have the computer add up the numbers and you just have to make sure that you typed in the right numbers um and then you can do grand totals again i'll do a sum of these three and hit enter and there we go so i can do all sorts of really neat tricks with these different equations and if you wanted to learn more about spreadsheets you can just go out and look up excel equations or spreadsheet equations and there are some pretty great ones where you can do all sorts of math and functions okay moving on i'm going to show you flow charts now flowcharts are used when you want to draw a diagram to try to explain how a process works or explain your idea the most commonly used in offices is microsoft vizio openoffice has one called draw that's pretty much the same and google also has one called google drawing i found one even better that i like online called lucidcharts and i'm going to actually show you an example of that one again these flowcharts all really work the same the way the programs are the key features is that you can use boxes and shapes so you can draw out your different ideas you can format the text so you can get bolds and italics and different fonts you can draw lines to connect your different boxes and you can add backgrounds to make a your flowchart look pretty so let's uh show you again an example i'm going to pull up lucidcharts as i said this is one of my favorites for using online and we're going to create a new document just so i can show you what it looks like whenever you create a new flowchart it will ask you what type of flowchart you want and i'm just going to show you a simple blank flowchart and show you the basics of how this works so i'm going to just say name document i don't have a name for it so first off uh you would want to drag and drop and put a title on here so title of my flow chart and again i can go in here and i can set the point size and make this however big and fancy as i want um and i can drag it and resize it uh usually we'll start with a little box here it's our process and let's say um my first process is to create a list of things to do and then i will actually put in the different things that i want to do where i could put in uh go running and maybe i need to put a list of tasks the things i'm gonna do to go running so i need to put on running shoes and uh i'll need to decide where to run run maybe i want to put the process to say this little diamond here is for questions is it cold outside and then i will put what happens if it is and what happens if it isn't so let's say here put jacket on and if it's warm i will put shorts on okay now let's uh connect some lines here there's actually a couple different ways you can connect lines this program is really nice because you can just drag and drop what you want some programs you have to actually go up and pick your line tool so i'm going to go down here and notice i can just draw my arrows like so and then uh oops these are actually backwards is it cold outside yes and if it's not cold outside no now the biggest thing this is used for is actually to uh draw out um software to how software is going to work what happens when you click on a certain button or what software talks to or if we draw system charts to show all the different computer systems and what data they send back and forth we'll usually do that in a flowchart such as this and i'll show you uh just real quick here's a couple flowcharts i've made i do music composition so i kind of drew out a little flowchart of one way that i come up with music and uh so i just kind of show the process of how i come up with things and this really writing down the process and drawing it helps you see where you can make improvements what you can add how you can make things better one of the best ways to drive change at a company all right let's move on uh now i want to show you about presentations like what i'm using now to show you this uh slideshow which is microsoft powerpoint again the industry standard openoffice of course has their own called presentation and google has one also called presentation very creative names key features of a powerpoint presentation type program is that you can do a slideshow such as this you can also do text formatting you can animate things you can embed images and tables you can add backgrounds really makes a nice a little slideshow here for when you want to teach or when you want to show a group of your co-workers or your executives reports or analyzations of your company or whatever they're asking you to do now i'm going to pop over here into powerpoint just to show you real quick what this looks like now powerpoint um really is a lot it's a lot like word where you can just go in here and type in what you need you can let's see why don't i create a new one just go blank presentation when you create one of these first it will pull up a title here's my title uh your subtitle subtitle here there we go and when you want to add a new slide you just go over here right click say new slide and i can go back and forth this is my first slide and then here i can add my pictures or words or graphs whatever you need to add um one of the best ways to dress up your picture is is your presentation is to pick one of these templates so that it will make your presentation real fancy you can also do all sorts of different formatting to animate things here we have animation slides that will bring the words out or bring the the colors out as you change screens so there's a lot of really powerful features in here to play with powerpoint really is a lot more powerful than the open office and the google versions with all these really cool tools that they've added into office 2012 where you can just change your setup or do all these neat animations which is	do with these programs when i talk about office software the most basic type is operating systems this is the actual program that runs your computer that access the accesses files and launches programs we also often talk about word processing for writing letters or emails talking about spreadsheets used for forms and calculations i will show you flow charts when you want to draw a diagram or do mind mapping i will show you about how to make presentations like this for slide shows i will show you how to use a project software when you need complex ordered lists for project management the most important really for office is communication email and instant messengers and other ways to contact people and online meetings such as webex net meetings skype and vue that will allow you to meet people remotely and get office meetings done now 1st let us talk about operating systems the types of operating systems you are probably familiar with is windows os x which is used for macintosh linux and unix personally i am a windows user so i want to show you a few tips on how to use windows more effectively 1st off is using your desktop and shortcuts now i have often worked at a big corporations where all the important files are buried in a network drive somewhere maybe 10 folders down and drive x and if you navigate to them every single time you need them it will take a lot of time a much quicker way to do this is to create a folder for your shortcuts so that you can quickly access all your files now when i go to the desktop also show you the more icons you have on your desktop the more it will slow down your computer as every time you go to your desktop it has to draw all these little icons now here is a folder i created called shortcuts and this is where i like to put a shortcut say for my office or for my job and we will go down in here to my work folder and say i need to access in my employee handbook regularly i can actually go in here right click it click create shortcut and you will see this little shortcut appeared at the bottom i can now actually drag and drop that to my shortcuts folder it looks like i am going to need to go back so i am actually another way is i can cut this shortcut let us go back to my shortcut folder and i will paste it and there we go now whenever i need my handbook it is right on the desktop and i can just go right down here to my shortcuts and access it now an even handier tool on windows is the quick launch bar and this is down on the bottom right next to your start menu if you are in windows xp it gives you little tiny icons here and windows 7 it gives you these much larger icons what this is for is if you want to take these shortcuts you can actually drag them down onto your bar and you can pin them here so that anytime you need that folder it is right there and ready to access but really handy for software when i have worked at corporations we may have 3 chat programs and all these office programs that i will put down here in my quick launch bar making it really fast for me to launch the program and again getting these icons off my desktop so it stops slowing down my computer the start menu a really good way to use windows is to reorganize your start menu if we go back here to my desktop and you look at the start menu you will see that all the programs are organized by the manufacturer by the company that made them and i really would prefer them to be organized by the type of program that i am using so the way you do that is you can go to all programs right click it and click open we will double go into programs and here is some of the folders that are in my start menu now what i like to do is create folders for the types of programs again i will create a folder for audio a folder for pictures a folder for video programs and probably most importantly a folder for internet so you can right click here go to new go to folder and i am going to name this folder internet and there is a couple different types of internet software i have my internet browsers so i am going to make another folder called browsers and then i am going to make a folder called chat as i have several different chat programs and i might also put one in here for webcam since i often have different programs for my webcam i am going to close this down now notice when i go back into my start menu you will see here is my internet folder with my browser chat and webcam folders now i can actually go here and i am going to grab yahoo messenger i am going to drag it up here and i am going to put it in this chat folder here we go move to chat unable to create folder chat okay well it did not like that one let us move a different one i am going to move i have these google apps and here is google talk this is another chat program i like to use you just put it down here and we will go with some of my browsers here is my google chrome i am going to put that right in the browser i am going to also add internet explorer i can drag that down to my browsers now when i am done i am organizing my start menu i am not going to organize it all in this class but when i am done i will usually only have about 5 folders in my start menu and i can find everything really fast as it will be all organized underneath the type of software and not who manufactures it now some really important shortcuts on windows i am going to show you here 1st is control alt delete you are probably familiar with this one anytime your computer locks up where you have a program that is not working right now if you control delete you will pull up the screen in windows 7 or it will actually pull up the task manager in windows xp the 1st tab shows applications these are all the programs that are running right now so if you need an end into program you can just click end task and it will close that out if your computer is locked up you can go to processes and i usually will sort by cpu to see what program is using the most power and here is my recorder program that is actually recording this class or you can sort by memory and see which programs are taking the most memory and then if you click end process it will kill that program and your computer a lot of times will come back to life again screen capture is also really useful especially if you have an error in a program that you need to send to a programmer or to your itt department or if you are just trying to capture something on your entire screen you can hit control alt and print screen which is up on upper right hand side of your keyboard and what i do is i actually i will go down here and start microsoft paint and then i will just paste my screen in here so here is a a picture of the screen i just did of my powerpoint i can actually capture this screen again and now we have a window within a window and then you can actually crop it down to the size you want whatever your error is that you need to send out to people so that is a really handy tip now if you do a lot of copying and pasting or moving files trying to rearrange things it is really handy to know the shortcuts to copy which is ctrl c or to paste which is ctrl v or undo things this works in almost every program to control z will undo your last whatever change you made if you do actually it is not control d this is windows d it will take you to your desktop that is how i keep flipping to my desktop and also windows e to get to your computer so i have these 2 wrong and i will update those in the handout that is attached to this class now when i am talking about the office software i really want you to keep in mind offline versus online now traditionally we have always worked with offline software for microsoft office of course all the office programs before the internet the nice thing about offline programs is that you can access them even when you do not have internet access just a laptop in your office program and you can start up and start working on your documents it is only accessible from one specific drive so that makes it a lot more secure you know where it is at you know nobody is accessing it you can share the file on an internal network so you can post it out on a network drive you can also email it if you need to share it online but that is really the only way to share an offline document is to email it as i said you can link to these documents if there is out on a network drive you can send a link to people on the same network there is a lot of support for offline programs microsoft office has been around a very long time so it is familiar to most people a huge problem of course with offline programs is if your hard drive goes bad or the file gets corrupted that file is gone you have lost it and there is really no way to re get your work back if you send the file out to somebody else and they do not have the same program they can not open the file and sometimes that is even with the same program if you send a microsoft word 2010 document to somebody who is using microsoft word 1997 they are not going to be able to open the file and then also files will display this differently in different programs so if you send me a word file and i open it up in open office or somewhere else it may not show up the same now online also has many good good things and bad things about it 1st thing is that it is accessible on the internet from any computer it does not matter where you are if you do your office work to an online program you can go log into your phone afterwards or go to a friend is house and use their computer so the 2nd point i have is you can access it on your smartphone that is really handy if you are a traveling a business person and constantly need to look at things that you are working on in the office you do not have to worry about your computer crashing if your computer crashes and you are working on an online document it will all still be there still be online you might just lose whatever the very last changes when your computer crashed it is also really easy to share online documents as long as the people you are working with have internet access and you can control the access you can give specific people rights to get into your documents and either just look at them or edit them there is also lots of very specific tools online that will make things easier for instance you can make a quiz in microsoft word but there are actually really simple programs online that will create quizzes for you and then you do not have to fight with the formatting and trying to get pictures in and all that the programs will be much more specific to your use now some problems with online is that if you want to attach an online document to an email you have to send them a link and of course if they are offline or their internet is down or the website is down they will not be able to get to the file another big problem is that there is not much familiarity by users using online programs so there is not a whole lot of support if you are using an online program but they are all very easy to use and rather intuitive so 1st let us talk about word processors the biggest one people know about is microsoft word or maybe microsoft works which kind of has word tied into it another common one is open office write and open office is a open source program so it is free to everyone you can download it for free where microsoft word costs money you need to buy the microsoft office package and then there is also google is offering which is google docs an online office program and there is a really good one out there for creating quizzes called quizzinator com and another really common word processor is wordpad it is on every single windows and if you do not have microsoft word you at least have wordpad which will help you to write letters and emails so main features of word processing is that you can format your words you can bold italic change the size of the words you can also embed images and graphs into your document so you can have graphs and kind of tell a story or or give a dialog and then word processing usually has spell check as well so if you make any spelling mistakes you can fix it and usually has mail merge which allows you to use a spreadsheet to say pull up a list of addresses and insert them into letters so you do not have to write a 1000 letters you can just write one letter and then do a mail merge to have it sent out to every person on your list now i am going to show you just real quick a little bit of a text document now this is open office as i said this is an open source program you can get it openoffice org and one thing i want to reiterate is that all of these programs are very very similar there is not a whole lot of difference between open office rider which is right here and you can see at the top we have our file and edit and various formatting things i am going to switch over here to microsoft word now you see it is it is a little bit different it is a little prettier but it is the exact same functions still have bold and all of our formatting and everything and i will hop over here actually to google documents as well and let us see here we are in google documents and i will create a new document and again there again the exact same here is all your your formatting so whatever you want to write you can put in here and then you can change that highlight it make it bold or italic underline it change the color whatever you need there is also a lot of times tools in here to help you create certain types of programs especially in microsoft word there is things to help you build resumes or write lists whatever you need now one thing i do want to just show you is that i like to use google documents for things like my shopping list a lot of times i write out my shopping list while i am at home and then when i go to the grocery store i will pull out my phone and access my shopping list on google docs and just see what i had typed on my computer it is a lot easier for me than writing down a list and crossing it off and everything and i can also share this with other people if i was sending somebody else shopping i could send them a link to this program so they could go and buy what i need them to buy okay let us move on here next i am going to talk about spreadsheets now spreadsheets are really what made computers what they are today businesses got into spreadsheets because they automatically add up numbers so you can do automatic calculations you do not have to worry that you added something wrong you just have to type the number in there correctly and make sure you make your formula right the most common is microsoft excel for spreadsheets it is used by just about every corporation i have ever worked at but some alternatives are also open office they have one called calc and google has one called google spreadsheets the key features of a spreadsheet is that it has columns and rows where you can add numbers put column headers and put different types of formulas you can format your different columns so you can bold things change the colors color the cells you can put calculations to automatically add up different columns or even pull numbers from other spreadsheets for doing reporting especially at one job i was able to automate a report that took my boss about 2 weeks to make and with excel i was able to automate it completely so that this report would generate just by opening up the spreadsheet you can also add graphs and charts into an excel it will take a bunch of numbers and it can generate pie graphs and bar graphs and other sorts of graphs to show people your data visually now let us just show you real quick what a spreadsheet looks like and some basic operations of it now again i am going to go to google documents here i am really a big fan of google documents and let us see cancel let us get out of this and google documents i am going to create a spreadsheet now as i said in a spreadsheet you have your columns here going up and down named abcdefg and your rose which will number one through 66 0 or something like that and what i often do is you go in here you can put in your header and i will put it in another header so you can classify what each column is yet another header and you can grab the columns and stretch them so they are whatever size you need same thing with the rows you can grab a row and stretch it if you want to be bigger or smaller you can highlight a whole row and say change the size of the words for the point size or you can make them bold and then we will do a quick equation let us say i am just going to type some random numbers in here just to show you what this can do 86 9 20 55 okay so here we have a list of numbers if i want to add these up i could whip out a calculator and add them up but a much easier way is to actually go on here and this i can click this little thing here that is it gives you an option of what the different equations are or you can type in equals sum and i am actually going to high oops excuse me so when you click this i will click sum and you will notice it automatically is trying to move my cursor in there and i can select what i want to add and hit enter and it will automatically add this up even better i can copy and paste and it will automatically move my equations you will see the equation up here says b 2 to b 6 so column b row 2 to b 6 so whatever i add here is automatically going to be added up so you can see how in a business where you have a lot of numbers this makes accounting so much easier when you have the computer add up the numbers and you just have to make sure that you typed in the right numbers and then you can do grand totals again i will do a sum of these 3 and hit enter and there we go so i can do all sorts of really neat tricks with these different equations and if you wanted to learn more about spreadsheets you can just go out and look up excel equations or spreadsheet equations and there are some pretty great ones where you can do all sorts of math and functions okay moving on i am going to show you flow charts now flowcharts are used when you want to draw a diagram to try to explain how a process works or explain your idea the most commonly used in offices is microsoft vizio openoffice has one called draw that is pretty much the same and google also has one called google drawing i found one even better that i like online called lucidcharts and i am going to actually show you an example of that one again these flowcharts all really work the same the way the programs are the key features is that you can use boxes and shapes so you can draw out your different ideas you can format the text so you can get bolds and italics and different fonts you can draw lines to connect your different boxes and you can add backgrounds to make a your flowchart look pretty so let us show you again an example i am going to pull up lucidcharts as i said this is one of my favorites for using online and we are going to create a new document just so i can show you what it looks like whenever you create a new flowchart it will ask you what type of flowchart you want and i am just going to show you a simple blank flowchart and show you the basics of how this works so i am going to just say name document i do not have a name for it so 1st off you would want to drag and drop and put a title on here so title of my flow chart and again i can go in here and i can set the point size and make this however big and fancy as i want and i can drag it and resize it usually we will start with a little box here it is our process and let us say my 1st process is to create a list of things to do and then i will actually put in the different things that i want to do where i could put in go running and maybe i need to put a list of tasks the things i am going to do to go running so i need to put on running shoes and i will need to decide where to run run maybe i want to put the process to say this little diamond here is for questions is it cold outside and then i will put what happens if it is and what happens if it is not so let us say here put jacket on and if it is warm i will put shorts on okay now let us connect some lines here there is actually a couple different ways you can connect lines this program is really nice because you can just drag and drop what you want some programs you have to actually go up and pick your line tool so i am going to go down here and notice i can just draw my arrows like so and then oops these are actually backwards is it cold outside yes and if it is not cold outside no now the biggest thing this is used for is actually to draw out software to how software is going to work what happens when you click on a certain button or what software talks to or if we draw system charts to show all the different computer systems and what data they send back and forth we will usually do that in a flowchart such as this and i will show you just real quick here is a couple flowcharts i have made i do music composition so i kind of drew out a little flowchart of one way that i come up with music and so i just kind of show the process of how i come up with things and this really writing down the process and drawing it helps you see where you can make improvements what you can add how you can make things better one of the best ways to drive change at a company all right let us move on now i want to show you about presentations like what i am using now to show you this slideshow which is microsoft powerpoint again the industry standard openoffice of course has their own called presentation and google has one also called presentation very creative names key features of a powerpoint presentation type program is that you can do a slideshow such as this you can also do text formatting you can animate things you can embed images and tables you can add backgrounds really makes a nice a little slideshow here for when you want to teach or when you want to show a group of your co workers or your executives reports or analyzations of your company or whatever they are asking you to do now i am going to pop over here into powerpoint just to show you real quick what this looks like now powerpoint really is a lot it is a lot like word where you can just go in here and type in what you need you can let us see why do not i create a new one just go blank presentation when you create one of these 1st it will pull up a title here is my title your subtitle subtitle here there we go and when you want to add a new slide you just go over here right click say new slide and i can go back and forth this is my 1st slide and then here i can add my pictures or words or graphs whatever you need to add one of the best ways to dress up your picture is is your presentation is to pick one of these templates so that it will make your presentation real fancy you can also do all sorts of different formatting to animate things here we have animation slides that will bring the words out or bring the the colors out as you change screens so there is a lot of really powerful features in here to play with powerpoint really is a lot more powerful than the open office and the google versions with all these really cool tools that they have added into office 2012 where you can just change your setup or do all these neat animations which is	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rRy29156mGA
1,355.998938	I am the least educated in these areas so I am thrilled to be here to learn from all of you so I'm welcoming you to the city of Cambridge as Jonathan said I'm a city councilor but I'm also an architect urban designer and I'm someone that builds neighborhoods builds communities and so my heart is with you for obvious reasons to invest in life and not in death Cambridge and MIT have played important roles in the push for a nuclear disarmament you all know that Cambridge is the home to mass Peace Action which recently celebrated its 60th anniversary which means I was 10 years old when mass peace action began it's also the home to the Union of Concerned Scientists in the original home of one women's Action for nuclear disarmament MIT physicists were key players in the development of nuclear weapons freeze campaign in the 1980s and I'm happy to say that Cambridge City Council was the first to pass don't Bank on the bomb resolution in the country and this is work that I hope to continue and part of the reason is when I talk back in the 70s at Harvard my co-director of a program and I went out to dinner and hero that's his name HRO and I were friends but we never had a one-on-one talk and we're having dinner and I said hero I you know I don't know where you grew up in Japan and he said her Oshima and it seemed like an eternity and I said wait a minute you're older than me were you there and he said yes he was 4 years old he his sister and his mother were out the country for miles out when the bomb went off and in that instance he lost eight brothers and sisters lost the family business lost his father and the amazing thing about hero is you couldn't find a nicer caring person in this world who also is an urban designer and it just really condemned studied in college tanned feared and then when I met Jonathan and Cole and Sheila at mass peace action it all just came back to me and that's why I'm here today and that's why I like you I care enormous ly so it's my pleasure to introduce one of my friends and one of the people I learned from all the time Jonathan King Thank You Dennis it's a pleasure to you know actually be represented in the halls of government by by true friends so many of our friends and neighbors have you know have long hoped that decades have passed since the bomb in Hiroshima Nagasaki and that they hoping that that would mean the slow demise of the risk of nuclear war but as everybody here knows with the election of our new president rattling nuclear weapons sabers and then confronted by the North Koreans doing doing the same thing this situation has changed with very sharp increase in tension in the course of that North Korean tension the Congress suddenly and quietly raised the budget caps and added eighty billion dollars to the defense budget biggest peacetime increase in Pentagon spending and in decades to more than half half of all our income taxes the dollars now go to the to the Pentagon but what it was it six weeks ago the Olympic truce was the cleared in in the Koreas right the North Korean women and hockey players and South Korean workers joined together looked like there was a ray of hope sunshine on the horizon talks were arranged the talks are still set set to go but sadly was it two weeks ago President Trump announced the appointment of super Hawks john bolton and mike Papale Pompeo as defense advisors and these people really are super Hawks I spent 10 years of my life working with many of my biological colleagues on the biological weapons convention which all the countries in the world has signed and then when the steps would need to be taken for implementation and checkup which everybody was for john bolton and intervened and sabotaged it in Geneva and sabotaged it in the United Nations and then in the u.s. well so it's different different environment than some of us expected at last year's conference on reducing the danger of nuclear war which some of you attended we concluded that just educating each other what you wasn't enough and we noted the demise of anti-war groups on u.s. college campuses when when I was a student there wasn't a campus in the country that didn't have peace groups and I spent some time on some some leading right-wing campuses in the United States and they had anti-war groups that's gone almost almost everywhere some years ago mass peace action in New York State Peace Action decided to move on on that and started rebuilding on campuses and we decided this conference we should use this year's conference to try to focus on rebuilding campus justice and peace groups that's why we decided on the title invest in mines nan missiles because we thought we're going to talk about the fact that federal funds are very important for higher education with the change in the national situation we ended up kind of pulling back we don't have a whole lot of talks about the economics of Education pretty much everybody on the Coordinating Committee felt like we have to deal with this immediate the danger so we have retreated a little bit to focus on how can we prevent you know another nuclear holocaust now you know a lot of people help in at conferences like this particular thanks to due to MIT radius which is an arm of the Episcopal Diocese of Massachusetts at MIT and Trish Weinmann who refused to come in to show her face but is absolutely key key person in this and her assistant Christina English my own administrative assistant Cindy Cindy Willie at peace action Col Harrison and Michelle Cunha and Alexander floatin who was a UMass Amherst intern the nuclear disarmament working group of Peace Action many of the members are here doing things like staffing the registration tables Jim Hall here is the timer and and many of the people will be in the workshop they deserve thanks I know all the speakers who are speaking pro bono and not taking honorarium and then we had a financial support from the plowshares foundation to help bring the students and from the ami Rugel foundation to help feed them now some people think it's odd that at MIT there's a strong nuclear disarmament component because MIT was the first a second leading weapons contractor weapons research contractor in the country for for 30 years but many people don't know that when the Manhattan Project wound down the group of physicists from the Manhattan Project came to MIT were the ones who thought that dropping the bomb was it was a mistake and so they established this kind of strong nuclear disarmament presence at MIT Philip Morrison Viki Weisskopf Henry Kendall who founded the Union of Concerned Scientists Randi forsberg author of the freeze campaign Barnard felt it was the founding editor of the bullying Atomic Scientists verjus the Cousy costs the simplest jorge rationed aaron bernstein still with us still fighting and then there were a group of non physicists who were kind of lower on the pecking order there we arranged the rooms and put up the science but that group David Baltimore Ethan Cygnus Cygnus out viloria very important than the general anti-war thrust which at MIT was the sight of the scientists strike for peace also kind of very important historically so we haven't given up and we're still here and we see no reason why this shouldn't be similar events happening in other places now we have students here from about 14 New England campuses which we're very very excited about you'll be meeting hearing from some of them meeting for some of the day students will caucus on their own on Sunday morning it's not that they don't mind listening to the old folks but they don't they do mind continuously listening so we haven't broken up now shape to this conference we have the two morning plenary coffee break in a bathroom break between the plenaries then you get lunch box and go to a workshop and introduce each other while you're starting lunch and then the workshop programs will start and then we'll come back here for the afternoon plenary which are really about political mobilization and what can be done and what what we all we all can do you know it is difficult to understand the insanity of nations maintaining thousands of nuclear weapons far more destructive power than could have you then you know you need to annihilate the whole whole planet every living every living creature but that's what's going on in the world it's like the biggest boondoggle in human history right no function no rule doesn't doesn't do anything for us but it drains drains our economy ah but there's no doubt that these folks are embedded the industry is one of the most profitable sectors of the US industry of US corporations which we're gonna hear about hear more about this morning so it's gonna take all our creativity and imagination to kind of figure out how to launch the county campaign some of the very imaginative campaigns which tackled directly the business of making nuclear weapons don't bank on the bomb and the divestment the code paint divestment campaign we're gonna hear about today I think they're very important initiatives so our opening panelist is Aaron Bernstein Aaron Bernstein longtime professor of physics at MIT member the board of the Council for a livable world and leading light and trying to convince other physicists that when they teach about fish and infusion they should actually mention what happens when it actually happens in within the in the world thank you Jonathan I'm gonna deviate from the written things because Jonathan mentioned a few things so I have I have to start with the original thought of many perhaps most of the Atomic Scientists who made the bomb and first there was the famous statement from I I Rabi first we were afraid that Hitler would get the bomb then we were afraid that we would get it and that was quite prophetic and Jonathan mentioned Victor Weisskopf and the veterans of the Manhattan Project like Phil Morrison whose knees I sat upon so I'm the next generation and these were close friends and mentors to me and as I said the the original feeling of many of the physicists who made the bomb was that this was a common problem that mankind had to be mankind as a whole had to solve and the politicians and these included FDR and Churchill Stalin of course saw the bomb as an instrument of national power and raw national power and then we get to mr. Trump who said in the beginning when he was first pondering not real-estate deals but international issues as plaintively what good a nuclear weapons if you can't use that so I'll leave you with that thought because the threat of their use is destabilizing the fact that they exist is destabilizing and there's one stable solution that's zero and I think one should always keep that in mind it's it's it's the only way that people that will prevent people from threatening their neighbors okay that and the threat of conventional war is serious enough because if you think of conventional law and the firepower that one has let me just give one example North Korea's nuclear weapons has raised alarm that the existence of these weapons with delivery systems that have relatively long ranges but the South Koreans have been living with tens of thousands of North Korean missiles massed just north of the so-called DMZ the Demilitarized Zone and they've gone about their lives seemingly unaffected by this because this power the power to launch even conventional weapons in that case would be the end of the regime and the end of the Kim dynasty their primary motive in life is the preservation of that dynasty so they are inhibited by the use of their conventional weapons of which they have enormous superiority so one has to keep that in mind what their real motives are whatever the rhetoric is keep in mind the underlying ideas and principles that's one of the reasons we have launched a nuclear weapons education project one of the most active people in that is Louisa Canales she's in the audience someplace thank you I'm proud to have been a teacher and a student a colleague and student look education is very important I know it's long range it doesn't address the issue of John Bolton but it's the fundamental material that we have our brains a sense of history and our knowledge of the principles and the past those are the things that I think are the long range the antidote for this kind of militarism ok so let me get let me quickly get to my talk I've I'm sorry I couldn't help it it was an outburst of emotion look nobody wants a nuclear war everyone realize that it's suicide and yet we have these things and we threatened to use them and again I come back to Trump's remark what good are they if you can't use them so and we can't use them not for moral reasons it is immoral to use them of course they're the ultimate weapon of mass destruction I always say they kill people independent of race national origin anything religious beliefs non beliefs whatever they'll kill you if you get in their way and they'll kill you at long distances luckily a winter if you launch enough of them I don't have to tell this audience all of that but so the primary way that we're gonna have a nuclear war or exchange is by accident since nobody wants it and that's the thing that we have to guard against the talk about using them is destabilizing and their existence and people always talk about the numbers I think the numbers are far less relevant they talk about the numbers coming down what's relevant is the deployment mode and the crucial thing is that both the US and Russia have 900 weapons on hair-trigger alert that is launch on warning those are the buzzwords and the difference between the physical posture of launch on warning as opposed to launch after an explosion is that you can also launch an agressive first strike the physical difference in the way the forces are deployed there there is none and that's the crucial thing so you see a blip on a screen someplace and you say Oh My gods the missiles are coming and we've been saved by luck and by specific individuals a number of times there's a book by Eric Schlosser command-and-control which goes through in detail many of these I I don't have time or desire to do that but we've been saved by luck and by you manatee of a few individuals on many occasions and the Cuban Missile Crisis was the most dramatic of these so what I want to talk about and leave you with is in my view citizen education and education of students who will become citizens and become the leaders is the crucial thing and that's what we're working on in the nuclear weapons education project okay and I invite anyone who's interested to contact me afterwards or contact Louisa okay thank you [Applause]	i am the least educated in these areas so i am thrilled to be here to learn from all of you so i am welcoming you to the city of cambridge as jonathan said i am a city councilor but i am also an architect urban designer and i am someone that builds neighborhoods builds communities and so my heart is with you for obvious reasons to invest in life and not in death cambridge and mit have played important roles in the push for a nuclear disarmament you all know that cambridge is the home to mass peace action which recently celebrated its 60th anniversary which means i was 10 years old when mass peace action began it is also the home to the union of concerned scientists in the original home of one women is action for nuclear disarmament mit physicists were key players in the development of nuclear weapons freeze campaign in the 1980s and i am happy to say that cambridge city council was the 1st to pass do not bank on the bomb resolution in the country and this is work that i hope to continue and part of the reason is when i talk back in the 70s at harvard my co director of a program and i went out to dinner and hero that is his name hro and i were friends but we never had a one on one talk and we are having dinner and i said hero i you know i do not know where you grew up in japan and he said her oshima and it seemed like an eternity and i said wait a minute you are older than me were you there and he said yes he was 4 years old he his sister and his mother were out the country for miles out when the bomb went off and in that instance he lost 8 brothers and sisters lost the family business lost his father and the amazing thing about hero is you could not find a nicer caring person in this world who also is an urban designer and it just really condemned studied in college tanned feared and then when i met jonathan and cole and sheila at mass peace action it all just came back to me and that is why i am here today and that is why i like you i care enormous ly so it is my pleasure to introduce one of my friends and one of the people i learned from all the time jonathan king thank you dennis it is a pleasure to you know actually be represented in the halls of government by by true friends so many of our friends and neighbors have you know have long hoped that decades have passed since the bomb in hiroshima nagasaki and that they hoping that that would mean the slow demise of the risk of nuclear war but as everybody here knows with the election of our new president rattling nuclear weapons sabers and then confronted by the north koreans doing doing the same thing this situation has changed with very sharp increase in tension in the course of that north korean tension the congress suddenly and quietly raised the budget caps and added $80000000000 to the defense budget biggest peacetime increase in pentagon spending and in decades to more than half half of all our income taxes the dollars now go to the to the pentagon but what it was it 6 weeks ago the olympic truce was the cleared in in the koreas right the north korean women and hockey players and south korean workers joined together looked like there was a ray of hope sunshine on the horizon talks were arranged the talks are still set set to go but sadly was it 2 weeks ago president trump announced the appointment of super hawks john bolton and mike papale pompeo as defense advisors and these people really are super hawks i spent 10 years of my life working with many of my biological colleagues on the biological weapons convention which all the countries in the world has signed and then when the steps would need to be taken for implementation and checkup which everybody was for john bolton and intervened and sabotaged it in geneva and sabotaged it in the united nations and then in the u s well so it is different different environment than some of us expected at last year is conference on reducing the danger of nuclear war which some of you attended we concluded that just educating each other what you was not enough and we noted the demise of anti war groups on u s college campuses when when i was a student there was not a campus in the country that did not have peace groups and i spent some time on some some leading right wing campuses in the united states and they had anti war groups that has gone almost almost everywhere some years ago mass peace action in new york state peace action decided to move on on that and started rebuilding on campuses and we decided this conference we should use this year is conference to try to focus on rebuilding campus justice and peace groups that is why we decided on the title invest in mines nan missiles because we thought we are going to talk about the fact that federal funds are very important for higher education with the change in the national situation we ended up kind of pulling back we do not have a whole lot of talks about the economics of education pretty much everybody on the coordinating committee felt like we have to deal with this immediate the danger so we have retreated a little bit to focus on how can we prevent you know another nuclear holocaust now you know a lot of people help in at conferences like this particular thanks to due to mit radius which is an arm of the episcopal diocese of massachusetts at mit and trish weinmann who refused to come in to show her face but is absolutely key key person in this and her assistant christina english my own administrative assistant cindy cindy willie at peace action colonel harrison and michelle cunha and alexander floatin who was a umass amherst intern the nuclear disarmament working group of peace action many of the members are here doing things like staffing the registration tables jim hall here is the timer and and many of the people will be in the workshop they deserve thanks i know all the speakers who are speaking pro bono and not taking honorarium and then we had a financial support from the plowshares foundation to help bring the students and from the ami rugel foundation to help feed them now some people think it is odd that at mit there is a strong nuclear disarmament component because mit was the 1st a 2nd leading weapons contractor weapons research contractor in the country for for 30 years but many people do not know that when the manhattan project wound down the group of physicists from the manhattan project came to mit were the ones who thought that dropping the bomb was it was a mistake and so they established this kind of strong nuclear disarmament presence at mit philip morrison viki weisskopf henry kendall who founded the union of concerned scientists randi forsberg author of the freeze campaign barnard felt it was the founding editor of the bullying atomic scientists verjus the cousy costs the simplest jorge rationed aaron bernstein still with us still fighting and then there were a group of non physicists who were kind of lower on the pecking order there we arranged the rooms and put up the science but that group david baltimore ethan cygnus cygnus out viloria very important than the general anti war thrust which at mit was the sight of the scientists strike for peace also kind of very important historically so we have not given up and we are still here and we see no reason why this should not be similar events happening in other places now we have students here from about 14 new england campuses which we are very very excited about you will be meeting hearing from some of them meeting for some of the day students will caucus on their own on sunday morning it is not that they do not mind listening to the old folks but they do not they do mind continuously listening so we have not broken up now shape to this conference we have the 2 morning plenary coffee break in a bathroom break between the plenaries then you get lunch box and go to a workshop and introduce each other while you are starting lunch and then the workshop programs will start and then we will come back here for the afternoon plenary which are really about political mobilization and what can be done and what what we all we all can do you know it is difficult to understand the insanity of nations maintaining 1000s of nuclear weapons far more destructive power than could have you then you know you need to annihilate the whole whole planet every living every living creature but that is what is going on in the world it is like the biggest boondoggle in human history right no function no rule does not does not do anything for us but it drains drains our economy ah but there is no doubt that these folks are embedded the industry is one of the most profitable sectors of the us industry of us corporations which we are going to hear about hear more about this morning so it is going to take all our creativity and imagination to kind of figure out how to launch the county campaign some of the very imaginative campaigns which tackled directly the business of making nuclear weapons do not bank on the bomb and the divestment the code paint divestment campaign we are going to hear about today i think they are very important initiatives so our opening panelist is aaron bernstein aaron bernstein longtime professor of physics at mit member the board of the council for a livable world and leading light and trying to convince other physicists that when they teach about fish and infusion they should actually mention what happens when it actually happens in within the in the world thank you jonathan i am going to deviate from the written things because jonathan mentioned a few things so i have i have to start with the original thought of many perhaps most of the atomic scientists who made the bomb and 1st there was the famous statement from i i rabi 1st we were afraid that hitler would get the bomb then we were afraid that we would get it and that was quite prophetic and jonathan mentioned victor weisskopf and the veterans of the manhattan project like phil morrison whose knees i sat upon so i am the next generation and these were close friends and mentors to me and as i said the the original feeling of many of the physicists who made the bomb was that this was a common problem that mankind had to be mankind as a whole had to solve and the politicians and these included fdr and churchill stalin of course saw the bomb as an instrument of national power and raw national power and then we get to mister trump who said in the beginning when he was 1st pondering not real estate deals but international issues as plaintively what good a nuclear weapons if you can not use that so i will leave you with that thought because the threat of their use is destabilizing the fact that they exist is destabilizing and there is one stable solution that is 0 and i think one should always keep that in mind it is it is it is the only way that people that will prevent people from threatening their neighbors okay that and the threat of conventional war is serious enough because if you think of conventional law and the firepower that one has let me just give one example north korea is nuclear weapons has raised alarm that the existence of these weapons with delivery systems that have relatively long ranges but the south koreans have been living with 10s of 1000s of north korean missiles massed just north of the so called dmz the demilitarized zone and they have gone about their lives seemingly unaffected by this because this power the power to launch even conventional weapons in that case would be the end of the regime and the end of the kim dynasty their primary motive in life is the preservation of that dynasty so they are inhibited by the use of their conventional weapons of which they have enormous superiority so one has to keep that in mind what their real motives are whatever the rhetoric is keep in mind the underlying ideas and principles that is one of the reasons we have launched a nuclear weapons education project one of the most active people in that is louisa canales she is in the audience someplace thank you i am proud to have been a teacher and a student a colleague and student look education is very important i know it is long range it does not address the issue of john bolton but it is the fundamental material that we have our brains a sense of history and our knowledge of the principles and the past those are the things that i think are the long range the antidote for this kind of militarism ok so let me get let me quickly get to my talk i have i am sorry i could not help it it was an outburst of emotion look nobody wants a nuclear war everyone realize that it is suicide and yet we have these things and we threatened to use them and again i come back to trump is remark what good are they if you can not use them so and we can not use them not for moral reasons it is immoral to use them of course they are the ultimate weapon of mass destruction i always say they kill people independent of race national origin anything religious beliefs non beliefs whatever they will kill you if you get in their way and they will kill you at long distances luckily a winter if you launch enough of them i do not have to tell this audience all of that but so the primary way that we are going to have a nuclear war or exchange is by accident since nobody wants it and that is the thing that we have to guard against the talk about using them is destabilizing and their existence and people always talk about the numbers i think the numbers are far less relevant they talk about the numbers coming down what is relevant is the deployment mode and the crucial thing is that both the us and russia have 900 weapons on hair trigger alert that is launch on warning those are the buzzwords and the difference between the physical posture of launch on warning as opposed to launch after an explosion is that you can also launch an agressive 1st strike the physical difference in the way the forces are deployed there there is none and that is the crucial thing so you see a blip on a screen someplace and you say 0 my gods the missiles are coming and we have been saved by luck and by specific individuals a number of times there is a book by eric schlosser command and control which goes through in detail many of these i i do not have time or desire to do that but we have been saved by luck and by you manatee of a few individuals on many occasions and the cuban missile crisis was the most dramatic of these so what i want to talk about and leave you with is in my view citizen education and education of students who will become citizens and become the leaders is the crucial thing and that is what we are working on in the nuclear weapons education project okay and i invite anyone who is interested to contact me afterwards or contact louisa okay thank you	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6aEFc12HHcs
619.972813	[Music] [Applause] [Music] hey guys richie from fredericks and we are back um we're going to be digging into one of my favorite effects today and that is the uni vibe um there's loads on my channel if you go back there's a playlist that takes you through all different units one question that i'm sure others and i get a lot is what's your favorite universe um this is a question i think is really personal and can't really be answered which got me thinking that kind of questions got me thinking to you know what makes us hear things differently and i think the one thing that hasn't really been addressed on any of the videos that i've seen is is the amp you know all right so you can pay out and you get a unique vibe or you know these big big hit us and you take it back and it don't sound too great well it led me to think a lot of it isn't the amp a lot of the tone that we really want to hear from universe comes from hendrix really and um he was playing through marshall so i thought this would be a good video um to get a regular uni vibe and just put it through a fender blackface style lamp and put it through commercial and hear the difference to me the difference is massive um bearing in mind the black face amp i've got is a vibral verb that has no mids so i can't push the mids i've got a fixed mid resistor on that if i'm correct whereas on the master i can kind of ramp those mids um so i'm going to get these two amps as close as i can in terms of volumes and eq and i'm going to put the same universe on the record with the same mic and get everything as close as i can within my environment and show you the difference that your universe can sound trying it for a different amp you know i've had many universe in the past that i've written off as junk um and i've even bought some back and tried in a different amp and they've they've come alive so bear in mind it is worth thinking about univibe where it was built and what amp it was built through if that makes sense you know if these guys ain't cloning it and they're making their own kind of thing you you really kind of want to know where am they're building through to test their their products and then you know that you're going to be you're going to get the same kind of sound that they're showcasing you know um i just thought this is a bit of food for four and be it quite a nice topic so i'm going to play through the vibe verb i'm going to play for the marshall studio vintage and we're going to get stuck in it's richie from fried chicken thanks for being here peace [Music] [Applause] [Music] mmm [Music] this [Music] so [Music] you [Music] so [Music] [Laughter] [Music] my so [Music] um [Music] so [Music] [Applause] [Music] [Applause] [Music] [Applause] [Music] so [Music] hey you	hey guys richie from fredericks and we are back we are going to be digging into one of my favorite effects today and that is the uni vibe there is loads on my channel if you go back there is a playlist that takes you through all different units one question that i am sure others and i get a lot is what is your favorite universe this is a question i think is really personal and can not really be answered which got me thinking that kind of questions got me thinking to you know what makes us hear things differently and i think the one thing that has not really been addressed on any of the videos that i have seen is is the amp you know all right so you can pay out and you get a unique vibe or you know these big big hit us and you take it back and it do not sound too great well it led me to think a lot of it is not the amp a lot of the tone that we really want to hear from universe comes from hendrix really and he was playing through marshall so i thought this would be a good video to get a regular uni vibe and just put it through a fender blackface style lamp and put it through commercial and hear the difference to me the difference is massive bearing in mind the black face amp i have got is a vibral verb that has no mids so i can not push the mids i have got a fixed mid resistor on that if i am correct whereas on the master i can kind of ramp those mids so i am going to get these 2 amps as close as i can in terms of volumes and eq and i am going to put the same universe on the record with the same mic and get everything as close as i can within my environment and show you the difference that your universe can sound trying it for a different amp you know i have had many universe in the past that i have written off as junk and i have even bought some back and tried in a different amp and they have they have come alive so bear in mind it is worth thinking about univibe where it was built and what amp it was built through if that makes sense you know if these guys aint cloning it and they are making their own kind of thing you you really kind of want to know where am they are building through to test their their products and then you know that you are going to be you are going to get the same kind of sound that they are showcasing you know i just thought this is a bit of food for 4 and be it quite a nice topic so i am going to play through the vibe verb i am going to play for the marshall studio vintage and we are going to get stuck in it is richie from fried chicken thanks for being here peace this so you so my so so so hey you	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2esU_8iyO6c
953.550687	welcome uh the man i'm sitting with today needs no introduction you probably know him as mr wonderful maybe you've seen him on shark tank he's a fellow canadian businessman entrepreneur kevin o'leary kevin it's wonderful to have you today great to be here but i i also want to make sure we cover my other nationalities because i don't want to diss anybody i'm also irish and recently became an emirati emirati so much happening in the in the middle east in the uae great for business big crypto center you know that's excellent yeah so uh kevin yesterday i heard you speaking about bitcoin mining and potentially its role in creating a greener future a lot of people might not understand that because of all the fud surrounding bitcoin mining can you explain maybe the role of bitcoin mining and creating uh green technology or actually paving the way for more green technology yeah and and it's it's a good observation you're making let's start with fun flows okay because what bitcoin mining is a capex it's an infrastructure play it's a data center play so when the first companies started to build up hash here hash rates here in the united states they basically linked into the existing electricity lines not knowing what the source of that power was it might have been flared gas it might have been cold it could have been whatever it was it's blended now that was fine two years ago and and why it mattered was that many large institutions like sovereign pension plans they are not allowed to own bitcoin but they want exposure to the assets so what they did and i know this because i'm in the indexing business so let's say you're a sovereign wealth fund in a middle east country and you're most of your wealth came from oil but you don't want to invest more in oil you already have that so you go to an indexer and you say okay index me the s p 500 x oil x air lines we don't want to own those and so indexers like me do that so we're exposed to fund flows by the trillions you know 24 7. we're servicing these giant entities and they are majority of wealth u.s pension plans sovereign funds this is where most of the money is in investors so the reason i'm walking you through this cycle is you'll understand this this massive switch that's going on in bitcoin mining so we indexed all these companies companies like marathon hive uh hud-8 uh riot and others and that's how these large solvent plans own bitcoin because the price of these public stocks goes up and down as a proxy against bitcoin pricing so if you know bitcoin pricing gets cut in half they get cut in half if it doubles they double so it was a great way to own bitcoin until the esg mandate came out from it started with blackrock then you saw it in the potus executive order then the sec just announced that they're in a memo that they're contemplating carbon audits on public companies doesn't matter what if you're a bitcoinmeister any company that's in the s p 500 and here's the problem everybody knows and all of the bitcoin miners were using carbon offset so they would say we're carbon neutral because he bought all these offsets the offset market is such a wide range of call it target error that it's impossible to audit it and here's the problem the sec order is contemplating getting your audit firm to sign off on your carbon neutrality in the same way they're signing off on your financials you can't get an auditor to sign that right now they're never going to do it because everybody knows that tracking air is so wide on carbon offsets in another term carbon offsets are that's the only way to put it okay so all of a sudden we have to sell all those shares because we know they're going to get into a lot of trouble when they try and prove their neutrality so the new mining is emerging it's being funded primarily by sovereign wealth and here's how it works you find a country like norway or you find a province like quebec or upstate new york or montana or north dakota where there's excess hydroelectricity you build a facility right by the turbines it's a brand new build and you get an agreement with the minor i think this is happening right now in northern norway with a company called bit zero it's a private company i'm an investor in it so it's largest investors out of the united arab emirates every coin that they're awarded is staying on the balance sheet so that becomes our proxy to bitcoin now we own our coin now we've mined it ethically now we've mined it all green we do not have to be audited for carbon because there's no carbon it's 100 hydro and so in doing so we are not only capturing unused hydroelectricity we've got the latest state mining equipment which just uses 40 less energy we're taking the heat from the stacks and creating a hydroponic facility that grows tomatoes and a canning plant beside it because in northern norway there's not that much sun for tomatoes we're integrated into the community we are creating a new power source for all the citizens in that 3 000 person village that is the new mining so the best way to look at this is we should applaud the early miners that you know built up capacity here in the united states but they are essentially the pioneers with the arrows in their back because the capital is going to move away from them and it's going to go to the new generation of miner which is the norway model as i call it we're building these in almost every state here in america that has hydro we're very fortunate because we have access to the latest technology a lot of people don't realize this but it's the sovereign wealth plans in the middle east that were niacin early on 25 years ago to buy capacity of chip manufacturing in many you know the global foundries and many of the other taiwan semi conductors etc so we have access to those mining chips that we need and we're going to build these new miners all over the world brazil has hydro georgia has hydro all of these quebec has hydro that's the new model and i'm not against what's happening with the existing public companies us and i'm getting a lot of people aren't happy for me telling the truth but it is the truth they're screwed they're gonna face carbon audit what can you do and everybody knows that they're it's gonna be very very very hard for them to pass that and whatever happens their stocks are going to be one alternative for an institution to buy or all these other companies go public in the next 18 months it's obvious which ones they're going to pick they're going to go with the green miners the real green miners that don't have to deal with carbon offsets bottom line is and i think policy's showing it and the sec is driving it potus his order has it carbon offsets are that's the story absolutely absolutely that's interesting you talked about you know for me crypto proxy stocks are a way for these legacy financial institutions to actually participate in the market what's the limiting factor for uh outright ownership of bitcoin is it still the regulatory side is it uncertainty on which way it's going to go from a you know from a policy perspective what's preventing so many legacy finance institutions from actually investing out right in crypto or are they waiting for spot etf for example well you're 100 right it's completely regulatory so here's here's how a sovereign a pension fund would work and this is pretty well the mandate state side and globally let's say you're running a 100 billion dollar mandate you have certain parameters you're allowed to work with and indexers like me we work with these people every day generally speaking there's 11 sectors in the s p um you're allowed to hold up to 20 in any one sector and up to 5 anyone's stock so those are sort of the diversification mandates and it's been that way for you know some derivative of that for forever so you get diversification within the broad hundred billion dollar mandate you have on top of you as the money manager a compliance department they mark to market your positions by the second they know exactly what you hold whether you've breached the mandate whether you're in an area that you're not allowed to invest in or whatever how much leverage you have on if you have leverage all of these things are in this infrastructure build out that's been around for decades on top of the compliance department is now an esg compliant department and an ethics department and so the reason none of these funds you know people are so excited about bitcoin and say oh this is amazing and we're sitting at 40 plus thousand dollars the truth is the majority of the world's managed money trillions and trillions of dollars has this much bitcoin zero and they're never going to put it on their balance sheets until they get the regulatory environment to give them the rules then the compliance department to say okay then the esg committee to say okay and the ethics committee to say okay so they don't want coin that's mined in china for example because it burned coal that's the esg guys coming in and weighing in so this is forcing a change it's not changing the nature of a coin that's awarded but people want to know the providence of the coin which is why these new age miners the norway project the bit zeros all of these other companies that are going with 100 green hydro they're very coveted their shares are going to be very coveted as they come onto the public market because now these sovereign plans can buy the shares of these companies they pass esg mandates they pass compliance mandates on ethics and they are an equity so they're going to be able to be held within one of the broader mandates so there's a tremendous amount of capital funding these new miners and that will be the proxy for exposure until the sec and the other regulators in the us which pretty well most regulators around the world abide by um that that etf you talked about is actually was an issue an order from the osc in canada which is one of the most advanced they were the first to bring an etf that had the underlying being bitcoin but they also brought an etf that had the underlying ethereum and the policy up in canada is they also issued the very first crypto exchange with a broker dealer attached they're very advanced but my thesis this is a personal opinion is that the sec has a very close relationship with the osce in canada they their policies are almost identical they're probably using ontario and canada as a guinea pig to try these policies right and if they work they'll use some of these maybe in the in the united states which we hope but i'm very bullish that policy is coming because you've seen bills coming from said senator limits and you've also got the same from hagerty um you know there's all kinds to me was on cnbc this morning talking about uh stablecoin the hagerty bill is a two-page bill that contemplates stablecoin so there's a lot of momentum on the regulatory side that i'm very excited about yeah well as a resident of ontario i can tell you the sky is not falling because we have a bitcoin etf so there's really not much to be afraid of everyone right um so we talked about bitcoin and the bitcoin mining are there any other sectors within crypto that you're really excited about is it the d5 space any other investments that you're really looking into maybe a thematic investment potential that you look at within crypto yeah i'm very very interested in as an investment thesis and this is not only in canada but globally show me the jurisdictions that are issuing crypto exchange licenses because that's the infrastructure of crypto forever and so uae united arab emirates particularly abu dhabi brazil argentina switzerland in the uk i'm using a vehicle called wonderfuy a company that's a canadian company they own the largest crypto exchange in canada they bought bit by they're looking at other opportunities all over the world i assume that's what the management you know has said to the market and i'm very interested in you know investing in that because i'm hoping what they're going to do is a rollup of exchanges globally and what better place in canada because canada has been so accommodative on issuing the very first crypto license the other area that really intrigues me and and what i like about wonderful is they have both centralized wallets and decentralized so where they're allowed to provide a decentralized wallet which that means when you when you acquire a customer they can keep both wallets active maybe your nfts are in a decentralized and you're and you're you're keeping your coin in a centralized wallet for security reasons but the point is they have both i love infrastructure so i also have a position in bit zero which is you know also private but building the norway model that's infrastructure data centers and bitcoin mining uh they're they're looking at many opportunities around hydro state side and then of course there's immunable holdings they're the infrastructure for nfts they are they own nft.com i'm a shareholder jordan freed is the ceo there these are all infrastructure plays uh that's that pup that company again went public in canada holds the stock so there you have it i mean there's lots of opportunity and within our operating companies portfolio now 20 is in crypto that's the most i can hold i was going to ask you you know how you reached for 20 i know you mentioned it last year have you reached the 20 uh threshold last year i was at seven seven so now i'm at 20 and now we and we have 32 positions on it's the most exciting part of my portfolio the most volatile i mean it's all over the map every day here to disclose what kind of assets you're holding i will i'll disclose some of them um you know part of this came through my relationship with ftx i'm a shareholder in ftx as well as a paid spokesperson to have to disclose that i love what sam is building there you know and i use my ftx wallet obviously but i'm i also own h-bar i own polygon i just put a position on in polygon after you know meeting sandeep i love his vision of reducing gas fees particularly you know for people that can't afford to to spend that much on eath but he's you know he's aggregating transactions and passing it through in one saving a ton of money i love that idea um just got into helium also avalanche solana i'm a big believer in that i've got i've got 32 aggregate positions those are some of the larger positions and so i don't know which one's going to win nobody knows but certainly you know ethereum's too slow for me as a financial services guy so i you know i'm looking i'm hoping that solana ends up being something much faster it's got the backing of sam bankman freed which is always a good thing but there's a lot of new ideas and i'll back any entrepreneur that has something of value i'm not so much on to the you know for lack of a better word the coins i i want something to show economic potential create value somewhere but it doesn't mean you can't have fun with chris you know if you want to trade some dogecoin great dojo on mars and stuff like that that's all fine it's like going to las vegas yeah some healthy speculation isn't too bad right yeah and i'm also very very interested in seeing policy come through on stable coins because in many of my operating companies we have large cash positions we're making 22 basis points if i can lend out a contract for 30 days at four percent on you know usdc or whatever you there's many ways to go on stable coins but we really need policy there because my auditors and my compliance departments will not let me put on a significant position unstable no well you've got to think that market is really right for for growth given the yields that you can earn just by holding stables the deals have come down over the last three months because we're past 100 billion but it's still better and and i think why it should be standardized as policy is it allows the us dollar to remain the you know the default currency globally and you want that and i'd like to do a lot of the work i do in europe on usdc and just not have to go through fx transactions all the time but we need regulators to approve that but we're in ascent days we're early days but i'm extremely optimistic excellent kevin appreciate your time sam with cointelegraph it was great to talk to kevin o'leary and we'll continue the conversation	welcome the man i am sitting with today needs no introduction you probably know him as mister wonderful maybe you have seen him on shark tank he is a fellow canadian businessman entrepreneur kevin 0 leary kevin it is wonderful to have you today great to be here but i i also want to make sure we cover my other nationalities because i do not want to diss anybody i am also irish and recently became an emirati emirati so much happening in the in the middle east in the uae great for business big crypto center you know that is excellent yeah so kevin yesterday i heard you speaking about bitcoin mining and potentially its role in creating a greener future a lot of people might not understand that because of all the fud surrounding bitcoin mining can you explain maybe the role of bitcoin mining and creating green technology or actually paving the way for more green technology yeah and and it is it is a good observation you are making let us start with fun flows okay because what bitcoin mining is a capex it is an infrastructure play it is a data center play so when the 1st companies started to build up hash here hash rates here in the united states they basically linked into the existing electricity lines not knowing what the source of that power was it might have been flared gas it might have been cold it could have been whatever it was it is blended now that was fine 2 years ago and and why it mattered was that many large institutions like sovereign pension plans they are not allowed to own bitcoin but they want exposure to the assets so what they did and i know this because i am in the indexing business so let us say you are a sovereign wealth fund in a middle east country and you are most of your wealth came from oil but you do not want to invest more in oil you already have that so you go to an indexer and you say okay index me the s p 500 x oil x air lines we do not want to own those and so indexers like me do that so we are exposed to fund flows by the 1000000000000s you know 24 7 we are servicing these giant entities and they are majority of wealth u s pension plans sovereign funds this is where most of the money is in investors so the reason i am walking you through this cycle is you will understand this this massive switch that is going on in bitcoin mining so we indexed all these companies companies like marathon hive hud 8 riot and others and that is how these large solvent plans own bitcoin because the price of these public stocks goes up and down as a proxy against bitcoin pricing so if you know bitcoin pricing gets cut in half they get cut in half if it doubles they double so it was a great way to own bitcoin until the esg mandate came out from it started with blackrock then you saw it in the potus executive order then the sec just announced that they are in a memo that they are contemplating carbon audits on public companies does not matter what if you are a bitcoinmeister any company that is in the s p 500 and here is the problem everybody knows and all of the bitcoin miners were using carbon offset so they would say we are carbon neutral because he bought all these offsets the offset market is such a wide range of call it target error that it is impossible to audit it and here is the problem the sec order is contemplating getting your audit firm to sign off on your carbon neutrality in the same way they are signing off on your financials you can not get an auditor to sign that right now they are never going to do it because everybody knows that tracking air is so wide on carbon offsets in another term carbon offsets are that is the only way to put it okay so all of a sudden we have to sell all those shares because we know they are going to get into a lot of trouble when they try and prove their neutrality so the new mining is emerging it is being funded primarily by sovereign wealth and here is how it works you find a country like norway or you find a province like quebec or upstate new york or montana or north dakota where there is excess hydroelectricity you build a facility right by the turbines it is a brand new build and you get an agreement with the minor i think this is happening right now in northern norway with a company called bit 0 it is a private company i am an investor in it so it is largest investors out of the united arab emirates every coin that they are awarded is staying on the balance sheet so that becomes our proxy to bitcoin now we own our coin now we have mined it ethically now we have mined it all green we do not have to be audited for carbon because there is no carbon it is 100 hydro and so in doing so we are not only capturing unused hydroelectricity we have got the latest state mining equipment which just uses 40 less energy we are taking the heat from the stacks and creating a hydroponic facility that grows tomatoes and a canning plant beside it because in northern norway there is not that much sun for tomatoes we are integrated into the community we are creating a new power source for all the citizens in that 3 0 person village that is the new mining so the best way to look at this is we should applaud the early miners that you know built up capacity here in the united states but they are essentially the pioneers with the arrows in their back because the capital is going to move away from them and it is going to go to the new generation of miner which is the norway model as i call it we are building these in almost every state here in america that has hydro we are very fortunate because we have access to the latest technology a lot of people do not realize this but it is the sovereign wealth plans in the middle east that were niacin early on 25 years ago to buy capacity of chip manufacturing in many you know the global foundries and many of the other taiwan semi conductors etc so we have access to those mining chips that we need and we are going to build these new miners all over the world brazil has hydro georgia has hydro all of these quebec has hydro that is the new model and i am not against what is happening with the existing public companies us and i am getting a lot of people are not happy for me telling the truth but it is the truth they are screwed they are going to face carbon audit what can you do and everybody knows that they are it is going to be very very very hard for them to pass that and whatever happens their stocks are going to be one alternative for an institution to buy or all these other companies go public in the next 18 months it is obvious which ones they are going to pick they are going to go with the green miners the real green miners that do not have to deal with carbon offsets bottom line is and i think policy is showing it and the sec is driving it potus his order has it carbon offsets are that is the story absolutely absolutely that is interesting you talked about you know for me crypto proxy stocks are a way for these legacy financial institutions to actually participate in the market what is the limiting factor for outright ownership of bitcoin is it still the regulatory side is it uncertainty on which way it is going to go from a you know from a policy perspective what is preventing so many legacy finance institutions from actually investing out right in crypto or are they waiting for spot etf for example well you are 100 right it is completely regulatory so here is here is how a sovereign a pension fund would work and this is pretty well the mandate state side and globally let us say you are running a $100000000000 mandate you have certain parameters you are allowed to work with and indexers like me we work with these people every day generally speaking there is 11 sectors in the s p you are allowed to hold up to 20 in any one sector and up to 5 anyone is stock so those are sort of the diversification mandates and it has been that way for you know some derivative of that for forever so you get diversification within the broad $100000000000 mandate you have on top of you as the money manager a compliance department they mark to market your positions by the 2nd they know exactly what you hold whether you have breached the mandate whether you are in an area that you are not allowed to invest in or whatever how much leverage you have on if you have leverage all of these things are in this infrastructure build out that has been around for decades on top of the compliance department is now an esg compliant department and an ethics department and so the reason none of these funds you know people are so excited about bitcoin and say 0 this is amazing and we are sitting at 40 $1000 the truth is the majority of the world is managed money 1000000000000s and 1000000000000s of dollars has this much bitcoin 0 and they are never going to put it on their balance sheets until they get the regulatory environment to give them the rules then the compliance department to say okay then the esg committee to say okay and the ethics committee to say okay so they do not want coin that is mined in china for example because it burned coal that is the esg guys coming in and weighing in so this is forcing a change it is not changing the nature of a coin that is awarded but people want to know the providence of the coin which is why these new age miners the norway project the bit zeros all of these other companies that are going with 100 green hydro they are very coveted their shares are going to be very coveted as they come onto the public market because now these sovereign plans can buy the shares of these companies they pass esg mandates they pass compliance mandates on ethics and they are an equity so they are going to be able to be held within one of the broader mandates so there is a tremendous amount of capital funding these new miners and that will be the proxy for exposure until the sec and the other regulators in the us which pretty well most regulators around the world abide by that that etf you talked about is actually was an issue an order from the osc in canada which is one of the most advanced they were the 1st to bring an etf that had the underlying being bitcoin but they also brought an etf that had the underlying ethereum and the policy up in canada is they also issued the very 1st crypto exchange with a broker dealer attached they are very advanced but my thesis this is a personal opinion is that the sec has a very close relationship with the osce in canada they their policies are almost identical they are probably using ontario and canada as a guinea pig to try these policies right and if they work they will use some of these maybe in the in the united states which we hope but i am very bullish that policy is coming because you have seen bills coming from said senator limits and you have also got the same from hagerty you know there is all kinds to me was on cnbc this morning talking about stablecoin the hagerty bill is a 2 page bill that contemplates stablecoin so there is a lot of momentum on the regulatory side that i am very excited about yeah well as a resident of ontario i can tell you the sky is not falling because we have a bitcoin etf so there is really not much to be afraid of everyone right so we talked about bitcoin and the bitcoin mining are there any other sectors within crypto that you are really excited about is it the d 5 space any other investments that you are really looking into maybe a thematic investment potential that you look at within crypto yeah i am very very interested in as an investment thesis and this is not only in canada but globally show me the jurisdictions that are issuing crypto exchange licenses because that is the infrastructure of crypto forever and so uae united arab emirates particularly abu dhabi brazil argentina switzerland in the uk i am using a vehicle called wonderfuy a company that is a canadian company they own the largest crypto exchange in canada they bought bit by they are looking at other opportunities all over the world i assume that is what the management you know has said to the market and i am very interested in you know investing in that because i am hoping what they are going to do is a rollup of exchanges globally and what better place in canada because canada has been so accommodative on issuing the very 1st crypto license the other area that really intrigues me and and what i like about wonderful is they have both centralized wallets and decentralized so where they are allowed to provide a decentralized wallet which that means when you when you acquire a customer they can keep both wallets active maybe your nfts are in a decentralized and you are and you are you are keeping your coin in a centralized wallet for security reasons but the point is they have both i love infrastructure so i also have a position in bit 0 which is you know also private but building the norway model that is infrastructure data centers and bitcoin mining they are they are looking at many opportunities around hydro state side and then of course there is immunable holdings they are the infrastructure for nfts they are they own nft com i am a shareholder jordan freed is the ceo there these are all infrastructure plays that is that pup that company again went public in canada holds the stock so there you have it i mean there is lots of opportunity and within our operating companies portfolio now 20 is in crypto that is the most i can hold i was going to ask you you know how you reached for 20 i know you mentioned it last year have you reached the 20 threshold last year i was at 77 so now i am at 20 and now we and we have 32 positions on it is the most exciting part of my portfolio the most volatile i mean it is all over the map every day here to disclose what kind of assets you are holding i will i will disclose some of them you know part of this came through my relationship with ftx i am a shareholder in ftx as well as a paid spokesperson to have to disclose that i love what sam is building there you know and i use my ftx wallet obviously but i am i also own h bar i own polygon i just put a position on in polygon after you know meeting sandeep i love his vision of reducing gas fees particularly you know for people that can not afford to to spend that much on eath but he is you know he is aggregating transactions and passing it through in one saving a ton of money i love that idea just got into helium also avalanche solana i am a big believer in that i have got i have got 32 aggregate positions those are some of the larger positions and so i do not know which one is going to win nobody knows but certainly you know ethereum is too slow for me as a financial services guy so i you know i am looking i am hoping that solana ends up being something much faster it has got the backing of sam bankman freed which is always a good thing but there is a lot of new ideas and i will back any entrepreneur that has something of value i am not so much on to the you know for lack of a better word the coins i i want something to show economic potential create value somewhere but it does not mean you can not have fun with chris you know if you want to trade some dogecoin great dojo on mars and stuff like that that is all fine it is like going to las vegas yeah some healthy speculation is not too bad right yeah and i am also very very interested in seeing policy come through on stable coins because in many of my operating companies we have large cash positions we are making 22 basis points if i can lend out a contract for 30 days at 4% on you know usdc or whatever you there is many ways to go on stable coins but we really need policy there because my auditors and my compliance departments will not let me put on a significant position unstable no well you have got to think that market is really right for for growth given the yields that you can earn just by holding stables the deals have come down over the last 3 months because we are past 100000000000 but it is still better and and i think why it should be standardized as policy is it allows the us dollar to remain the you know the default currency globally and you want that and i would like to do a lot of the work i do in europe on usdc and just not have to go through fx transactions all the time but we need regulators to approve that but we are in ascent days we are early days but i am extremely optimistic excellent kevin appreciate your time sam with cointelegraph it was great to talk to kevin 0 leary and we will continue the conversation	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=63qZyV7jfaQ
598.842625	i've tried so many different things i've  tried natural products i've tried products   i've seen on the internet i've tried so  many different things to cure my dry scalp   and nothing has really worked for me  finally finally finally found a solution   hear the birds tripping i have my door open it  feels so good but anyways i have some freaking   dry ass scalp i'm not even joking sometimes when  i wash my hair get my hair washed moisturized   conditioned i get hydration treatments my  [ __ ] still flakes sometimes it's super   embarrassing because it would look like i  didn't wash my hair in months but i have   it's just that i just have dry scalp nothing's  really worked for me i usually can't even wear   like braid styles for that long because i would  get crazy build up and even when i wash my hair   it doesn't fully come out like if i had braids  in my hair and i want to keep it in longer   if i wash my hair it does not fully come out says  i don't know if y'all seen my how i do passion   twist um video in that video i was like look at  my scalp it's not dirty i promise it's clean and   washed but let me know if y'all have any regular  or if y'all have a solution that i can use to get   rid of my dry scalp and brand actually reached out  to me and sent me some products to try and baby   yes it was right on time i've been trying these  products for maybe like three weeks to a month now y'all it has been working i'm going to insert  pictures and videos and all of that so that y'all   can see what i'm talking about before i did my  hair in these um dreadlocks or whatever they call   it i had braids in my hair so i turned my braids  into faux locs and before i did that i washed my   braids before i washed my braids i used a scalp  solution called bayon ballast flourish scalp oil   they actually changed the name of these oils  so i will put the real name on the screen   um but i i put this on my hair and massaged  it into the scalp as like a um pre conditioner   before i even wash my hair because like i  said the build-up does not go away even after   even after i wash my hair for some reason  so this really worked when i did that i put   it in my scalp i washed my hair boom all the  build up that was in my hair and my um braids   before i put these locks in were gone i also  oiled my scalp with this solution every day   once a day for the past three weeks since i've  received it and sometimes i miss days like i   actually haven't oiled my scalp all week  and this thursday it worked let me show you   i haven't oiled my scalp all right right these  dreads are pretty old now but no flakes nothing y'all see what i mean no dry flaky  it doesn't itch my scalp used to itch   so bad y'all doesn't itch nearly as much  anymore or at all thanks to this solution   in combination with this dough i also use which i  also use this but i use this less um this is the   biom bala scalp solution and this one was the  bio the biome balance flourish scalp oil so i   would use this um maybe like once or twice  a week where i would use that one every day   and it's a dynamic duo dynamic duo honey i'm  not even joking it's amazeballs it really works   company is called base bayou skincare so they  have skincare products for your face for your hair   anything skin so you can use these products  on your body you can use it on your face you   use it on your scalp the founder or the ceo is  from new orleans so i think that's a pretty dope   shout out to them for sponsoring this video and  i'm telling you all honestly if the products   didn't work i wouldn't have done this video i  wouldn't be telling you all to get it or use these   products or say that it worked for me if it didn't  these products really work for you work for me   and i highly recommend you trying it if you have  dandruff dry scalp itchy scalp any of that stuff   because it really worked for me so not only did i  have dry scalp y'all i have like i don't know this   eczema or i think it's some type of like fungus  or because i have discoloration i have some on my   back and one behind my ear and when i tell y'all  like i said my scalp made me embarrassed the one   behind my ear made me super um embarrassed and  self-conscious like i would not want to wear my   hair up even when i'm recording my videos and  i'm recording my videos from the back i always   crop out scenes that show behind my ear because it  looks like i'm dirty i'm not even dirty says like   i wash behind my ears i take showers every  day try so many different things i've tried   natural products i've tried products i've seen  on the internet nothing worked one thing that   seemed to work a little bit with neem seed oil  that my friend told me to try but baby y'all that neem seed oil stinks so bad i hope  i don't offend anyone but the older   i couldn't take it like i will use it and  it started to fade i started to see progress   but i couldn't i cannot i could not deal with  the odor so at first i was like okay well maybe   i'll just put it on at night and not in a daytime  because it's an embarrassing smell like i don't   want to walk around smelling like that and even  if i like put on perfume or anything it clash   and the smell does not fade until you wash it away  so i was like let me just put it on at night but   no it would disturb my sleep like i would smell  it in my sleep and it would literally disturb   my sleep i could not take it so i stopped using  as soon as i stopped using it the discoloration   started to come right back oh this product was  right on time so y'all i use the biome balance   face solution it says it's for eczema and dry skin  relief nourish penetrate soothe hydrate and prep   um so i use this in combination with the  scalp solution behind my ear almost every   day sometimes i miss days because i will go out of  town and forget it or i'll just forget to use it   but almost every day i would use this once  a day i didn't even use it twice a day do i live in the hood do i live in a hood there  would be no accidents if you was in the house so   yeah i started to see progress right away like  after the second day i started to see progress   and now it's almost completely gone i think  it's completely my favorite part about these   products is it has all natural ingredients some  of the products that will order it had so many   weird ingredients in it just like you're not  supposed to intake toxins like through your   mouth like ingest it you're not supposed to use  it on your skin either because it could seep into   your pores into your body that's why they say  like what pregnant people pregnant people can't   dye their hair they can't use certain products  while they're pregnant because it sinks into   the skin and it goes to the fetus and  if it's not good for them of course   not good for the baby so why would we be using  this stuff or not on our face and our skin   on our scalp if it's not good for us you know what  i mean so i love that the products are natural   they have aloe vera gel witch hazel black walnut  tea tree and y'all know tea tree is the goat   clothes hemp seed vitamin b rose health evening  orange oil and about orange oreo i know it's   orange oil in it because you can smell the citrus  in the facial sprays this brand also sent me some   facial mist i use the toning mist and i also use  the glow mist i really like the glow mist because   it actually works on my skin on my bare skin so if  i use this without makeup my face will be glowing   i put this on one time after doing my whole facial  routine and then i use this last and i took a   picture on instagram on my story and everybody  was like girl you glowing is you pregnant   i was like girl don't wish that on me no i'm not  pregnant i use this if you don't take anything   else from the video definitely pick this up the  glow mist because it will have your skin glowing   the tone and mist is okay it works as a toner  but my favorite outfit too is the glow mist   for sure but i just brought that up because it  smells super citrusy if you don't like that um   citrus smell i feel like it's still bearable  though and this actual scent wears off all of   the ingredients in the product that i mentioned  helps to balance the microbiome and your skin   ease skin inflammation helps hydrate your  skin and keep the hydrate retention come back   excessive if you have acne that cause bacteria or  bacteria in your skin that cause the acne these   ingredients will help with that it helps manage  dry skin like eczema and protect your skin from   free radical damage so that's another reason why  i'm going to continue to use the products even if   my dry itchy scalp go away my eczema go away  because the products is supposed to protect   your skin from all of that stuff so you don't even  get it i believe i have a discount code for these   products so if you want to pick some up definitely  use my discount code if i have one i will put   it on the screen and i will put it below in my  description box all of the products and the links   to purchase will be linked down in my description  box so definitely check it out that's it for   this video again if you're not subscribed go ahead  and hit that subscribe button below and join the   game make sure you like and share this video  especially for our dry itchy friends you know   i eczema folks out here thank you so much for  stopping by i will catch you all in my next video bye	i have tried so many different things i have nbsp tried natural products i have tried products nbsp nbsp i have seen on the internet i have tried so nbsp many different things to cure my dry scalp nbsp nbsp and nothing has really worked for me nbsp finally finally finally found a solution nbsp nbsp hear the birds tripping i have my door open it nbsp feels so good but anyways i have some freaking nbsp nbsp dry ass scalp i am not even joking sometimes when nbsp i wash my hair get my hair washed moisturized nbsp nbsp conditioned i get hydration treatments my nbsp still flakes sometimes it is super nbsp nbsp embarrassing because it would look like i nbsp did not wash my hair in months but i have nbsp nbsp it is just that i just have dry scalp nothing is nbsp really worked for me i usually can not even wear nbsp nbsp like braid styles for that long because i would nbsp get crazy build up and even when i wash my hair nbsp nbsp it does not fully come out like if i had braids nbsp in my hair and i want to keep it in longer nbsp nbsp if i wash my hair it does not fully come out says nbsp i do not know if you all seen my how i do passion nbsp nbsp twist video in that video i was like look at nbsp my scalp it is not dirty i promise it is clean and nbsp nbsp washed but let me know if you all have any regular nbsp or if you all have a solution that i can use to get nbsp nbsp rid of my dry scalp and brand actually reached out nbsp to me and sent me some products to try and baby nbsp nbsp yes it was right on time i have been trying these nbsp products for maybe like 3 weeks to a month now you all it has been working i am going to insert nbsp pictures and videos and all of that so that you all nbsp nbsp can see what i am talking about before i did my nbsp hair in these dreadlocks or whatever they call nbsp nbsp it i had braids in my hair so i turned my braids nbsp into faux locs and before i did that i washed my nbsp nbsp braids before i washed my braids i used a scalp nbsp solution called bayon ballast flourish scalp oil nbsp nbsp they actually changed the name of these oils nbsp so i will put the real name on the screen nbsp nbsp but i i put this on my hair and massaged nbsp it into the scalp as like a pre conditioner nbsp nbsp before i even wash my hair because like i nbsp said the build up does not go away even after nbsp nbsp even after i wash my hair for some reason nbsp so this really worked when i did that i put nbsp nbsp it in my scalp i washed my hair boom all the nbsp build up that was in my hair and my braids nbsp nbsp before i put these locks in were gone i also nbsp oiled my scalp with this solution every day nbsp nbsp once a day for the past 3 weeks since i have nbsp received it and sometimes i miss days like i nbsp nbsp actually have not oiled my scalp all week nbsp and this thursday it worked let me show you nbsp nbsp i have not oiled my scalp all right right these nbsp dreads are pretty old now but no flakes nothing you all see what i mean no dry flaky nbsp it does not itch my scalp used to itch nbsp nbsp so bad you all does not itch nearly as much nbsp anymore or at all thanks to this solution nbsp nbsp in combination with this dough i also use which i nbsp also use this but i use this less this is the nbsp nbsp biom bala scalp solution and this one was the nbsp bio the biome balance flourish scalp oil so i nbsp nbsp would use this maybe like once or twice nbsp a week where i would use that one every day nbsp nbsp and it is a dynamic duo dynamic duo honey i am nbsp not even joking it is amazeballs it really works nbsp nbsp company is called base bayou skincare so they nbsp have skincare products for your face for your hair nbsp nbsp anything skin so you can use these products nbsp on your body you can use it on your face you nbsp nbsp use it on your scalp the founder or the ceo is nbsp from new orleans so i think that is a pretty dope nbsp nbsp shout out to them for sponsoring this video and nbsp i am telling you all honestly if the products nbsp nbsp did not work i would not have done this video i nbsp would not be telling you all to get it or use these nbsp nbsp products or say that it worked for me if it did not nbsp these products really work for you work for me nbsp nbsp and i highly recommend you trying it if you have nbsp dandruff dry scalp itchy scalp any of that stuff nbsp nbsp because it really worked for me so not only did i nbsp have dry scalp you all i have like i do not know this nbsp nbsp eczema or i think it is some type of like fungus nbsp or because i have discoloration i have some on my nbsp nbsp back and one behind my ear and when i tell you all nbsp like i said my scalp made me embarrassed the one nbsp nbsp behind my ear made me super embarrassed and nbsp self conscious like i would not want to wear my nbsp nbsp hair up even when i am recording my videos and nbsp i am recording my videos from the back i always nbsp nbsp crop out scenes that show behind my ear because it nbsp looks like i am dirty i am not even dirty says like nbsp nbsp i wash behind my ears i take showers every nbsp day try so many different things i have tried nbsp nbsp natural products i have tried products i have seen nbsp on the internet nothing worked one thing that nbsp nbsp seemed to work a little bit with neem seed oil nbsp that my friend told me to try but baby you all that neem seed oil stinks so bad i hope nbsp i do not offend anyone but the older nbsp nbsp i could not take it like i will use it and nbsp it started to fade i started to see progress nbsp nbsp but i could not i cannot i could not deal with nbsp the odor so at 1st i was like okay well maybe nbsp nbsp i will just put it on at night and not in a daytime nbsp because it is an embarrassing smell like i do not nbsp nbsp want to walk around smelling like that and even nbsp if i like put on perfume or anything it clash nbsp nbsp and the smell does not fade until you wash it away nbsp so i was like let me just put it on at night but nbsp nbsp no it would disturb my sleep like i would smell nbsp it in my sleep and it would literally disturb nbsp nbsp my sleep i could not take it so i stopped using nbsp as soon as i stopped using it the discoloration nbsp nbsp started to come right back 0 this product was nbsp right on time so you all i use the biome balance nbsp nbsp face solution it says it is for eczema and dry skin nbsp relief nourish penetrate soothe hydrate and prep nbsp nbsp so i use this in combination with the nbsp scalp solution behind my ear almost every nbsp nbsp day sometimes i miss days because i will go out of nbsp town and forget it or i will just forget to use it nbsp nbsp but almost every day i would use this once nbsp a day i did not even use it twice a day do i live in the hood do i live in a hood there nbsp would be no accidents if you was in the house so nbsp nbsp yeah i started to see progress right away like nbsp after the 2nd day i started to see progress nbsp nbsp and now it is almost completely gone i think nbsp it is completely my favorite part about these nbsp nbsp products is it has all natural ingredients some nbsp of the products that will order it had so many nbsp nbsp weird ingredients in it just like you are not nbsp supposed to intake toxins like through your nbsp nbsp mouth like ingest it you are not supposed to use nbsp it on your skin either because it could seep into nbsp nbsp your pores into your body that is why they say nbsp like what pregnant people pregnant people can not nbsp nbsp dye their hair they can not use certain products nbsp while they are pregnant because it sinks into nbsp nbsp the skin and it goes to the fetus and nbsp if it is not good for them of course nbsp nbsp not good for the baby so why would we be using nbsp this stuff or not on our face and our skin nbsp nbsp on our scalp if it is not good for us you know what nbsp i mean so i love that the products are natural nbsp nbsp they have aloe vera gel witch hazel black walnut nbsp tea tree and you all know tea tree is the goat nbsp nbsp clothes hemp seed vitamin b rose health evening nbsp orange oil and about orange oreo i know it is nbsp nbsp orange oil in it because you can smell the citrus nbsp in the facial sprays this brand also sent me some nbsp nbsp facial mist i use the toning mist and i also use nbsp the glow mist i really like the glow mist because nbsp nbsp it actually works on my skin on my bare skin so if nbsp i use this without makeup my face will be glowing nbsp nbsp i put this on one time after doing my whole facial nbsp routine and then i use this last and i took a nbsp nbsp picture on instagram on my story and everybody nbsp was like girl you glowing is you pregnant nbsp nbsp i was like girl do not wish that on me no i am not nbsp pregnant i use this if you do not take anything nbsp nbsp else from the video definitely pick this up the nbsp glow mist because it will have your skin glowing nbsp nbsp the tone and mist is okay it works as a toner nbsp but my favorite outfit too is the glow mist nbsp nbsp for sure but i just brought that up because it nbsp smells super citrusy if you do not like that nbsp nbsp citrus smell i feel like it is still bearable nbsp though and this actual scent wears off all of nbsp nbsp the ingredients in the product that i mentioned nbsp helps to balance the microbiome and your skin nbsp nbsp ease skin inflammation helps hydrate your nbsp skin and keep the hydrate retention come back nbsp nbsp excessive if you have acne that cause bacteria or nbsp bacteria in your skin that cause the acne these nbsp nbsp ingredients will help with that it helps manage nbsp dry skin like eczema and protect your skin from nbsp nbsp free radical damage so that is another reason why nbsp i am going to continue to use the products even if nbsp nbsp my dry itchy scalp go away my eczema go away nbsp because the products is supposed to protect nbsp nbsp your skin from all of that stuff so you do not even nbsp get it i believe i have a discount code for these nbsp nbsp products so if you want to pick some up definitely nbsp use my discount code if i have one i will put nbsp nbsp it on the screen and i will put it below in my nbsp description box all of the products and the links nbsp nbsp to purchase will be linked down in my description nbsp box so definitely check it out that is it for nbsp nbsp this video again if you are not subscribed go ahead nbsp and hit that subscribe button below and join the nbsp nbsp game make sure you like and share this video nbsp especially for our dry itchy friends you know nbsp nbsp i eczema folks out here thank you so much for nbsp stopping by i will catch you all in my next video bye	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q0kd99NXyhk
154.412688	150 laptops through rigorous tests each year that check everything from screen quality to battery life this guide will arm [Music] our surveys show that when shopping one of the first things people consider is brand pcs offer a much bigger range of brands models and prices with max you'll often pay more but you'll get only eight percent of max needed repair or had a serious problem pcs range from 12 to and they previously owned the screens to take it with you often go for a smaller size such as a 13 inch these weigh roughly two this these models are still light enough three to six pounds to take on the road think about what you're going to use the laptop for for simple things like web surfing email and word processing go for a model with intel celeron or pentium or amd's a4 processor some come with two gigs of memory which can handle those basic tasks but four gigs will work a lot faster if you plan to watch a lot of streaming video a laptop with these specs will work well as long as your internet connection is fast enough to support video if you edit a lot of photos look for the intel core i3 or i5 or amd a6 or a8 processor and at least four gigs of memory for storage most laptops only have room for one drive so you'll have to choose which suits your needs better the high capacity and need storage for all your media go for an intel core i7 or amd a10 at least eight gigs of memory and at least one terabyte of storage these will run you one to two thousand dollars one of the newer trends in laptops is the two in one it allows you to also use your laptop as a tablet another trend ultra light weights they performed well in our tests and weigh around two pounds but you'll only get a screen about 12 or 13 inches large if you're taking your laptop with you you'll want to consider battery life we test this by continuously cycling through a series of web pages until the battery dies we found there's a huge range for laptops three to 19 hours you want one that will last at least eight check our ratings to find out which models last the longest we're a not for profit pay for all of the items we test and accept no advertising thanks for your support	150 laptops through rigorous tests each year that check everything from screen quality to battery life this guide will arm our surveys show that when shopping one of the 1st things people consider is brand pcs offer a much bigger range of brands models and prices with max you will often pay more but you will get only 8% of max needed repair or had a serious problem pcs range from 12 to and they previously owned the screens to take it with you often go for a smaller size such as a 13 inch these weigh roughly 2 this these models are still light enough 3 to £6 to take on the road think about what you are going to use the laptop for for simple things like web surfing email and word processing go for a model with intel celeron or pentium or amd is a 4 processor some come with 2 gigs of memory which can handle those basic tasks but 4 gigs will work a lot faster if you plan to watch a lot of streaming video a laptop with these specs will work well as long as your internet connection is fast enough to support video if you edit a lot of photos look for the intel core i 3 or i 5 or amd a 6 or a 8 processor and at least 4 gigs of memory for storage most laptops only have room for one drive so you will have to choose which suits your needs better the high capacity and need storage for all your media go for an intel core i 7 or amd a 10 at least 8 gigs of memory and at least one terabyte of storage these will run you one to $2001 of the newer trends in laptops is the 2 in one it allows you to also use your laptop as a tablet another trend ultra light weights they performed well in our tests and weigh around £2 but you will only get a screen about 12 or 13 inches large if you are taking your laptop with you you will want to consider battery life we test this by continuously cycling through a series of web pages until the battery dies we found there is a huge range for laptops 3 to 19 hours you want one that will last at least 8 check our ratings to find out which models last the longest we are a not for profit pay for all of the items we test and accept no advertising thanks for your support	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FS_ByeL-3o4
705.42225	[Music] in a recent community post we mentioned that we got a playstation 1 for 50 yen it was labeled as junk but will it work it rattles a little but will that be a problem let's give it a test we're gonna use one of the hdmi adapters for video output and one of my favorite games ridge racer revolution it loads up with slight stuttering looking good oh dear leaving it for a few seconds we can actually play the game but it seems like there's some slight problem with the optical drive if we exit out and then restart the game it seems to load without any issue [Music] with the drive being slightly noisy and unreliable i thought maybe why not open this up perhaps we can pinpoint the problem and fix it for good so here's my working playstation one let's quickly compare it to the playstation junk even before using a screwdriver we can see there is a lot more resistance with the spinner and this one rattles on the bottom there are six screws which we can undo with a posi driver being careful with the units we can now pull open the case we can then brush away any dust just gonna give it a slight clean we can now unplug the data cable then slightly offset the drive so we can easily pull out the power cable to get access to the internals of this drive there are two tiny screws which must take out this cover then slides off use compressed air to clean it up [Music] before we carry on we're going to cover the lens we don't want this getting bugged up we're going to use some silicone grease for these small use a cotton bud to spread it around a little then use the other end to clean these rails rid of any dirt before we apply some grease lithium is recommended but we're going to use some serra grease i use this on the arcade sticks all the time good stuff apply it evenly to the now rails have access to the other end of the rail move the lens down carefully and continue with the grease now we're done with this side i'm going to turn it over then undo the two screws there are two tiny holes here that we can use to apply oil if you can use some sewing machine oil we're just going to use some three in one because that's all we got also lubricate the motor there's a very tiny hole here then grease up the area here next to the motor now i can screw the assembly back together add the cover make sure the ribbon sits flush and there are two latches on either end clip them in properly locations being here and here now for the two screws now with the spinner we can turn it a few times make sure the oil is doing its job now we can put it back together first we'll start with the power cable and slowly push in the data cable the 1001 series does have a latch for this for the moving parts on the outside we can use some silicon grease get a few squirts and here it should be a bit smoother nice put the cover back on and let's give it a test drive [Music] we can see here that even without changing the strength of the laser we can have a nicely moving and grooving playstation 1. now the playstation loads up faster has less skipping and is much more quiet i've just remembered something after spending many years in japan i've actually managed to build up a collection of junk playstation ones seriously i can't help myself go to a junk shop find something cheap i'll buy it now this one i got for 100 yen and it's the 1001 model which has the extra outputs at the back known by some as the audiophile model this is also sold as junk and yeah the cd spins up to crazy speeds when the lid is open the opposite what it's supposed to do [Music] the playstation bought for 300 yen actually works fine the cd drive is a little noisy but we can fix this let's try the ps1 with the same game we can already see a problem the thing just doesn't close then we're turning it on nothing let's see if we can get these working so this is the 1001 model we're going to do the same maintenance that we did earlier a bit of lube here bit of cleaning same as before we already know the 300 model works so let's go to the smaller ps1 there are six screws underneath one is hidden by the sticker but with these screws it's very easy to strip the threads make sure to use a lot of torque on the first turn [Music] as we can't close the cover easily there's a problem with the eject button we can push the latches on the side and easily pull out the cover we can use alcohol wipes or silicone lube and clean away the gunk yeah it's pretty dirty in here enter the power switch [Music] just like new looking at the optical drive itself it seems that this has not been used much but after a quick clean we can reinsert it try it again nothing happened it might be worth having a look at the board this shielding can be taken off very easily and looking at the back of the board it seems like there's some leakage or residue near the switch we could try to clean that up but i've seen reports of this board's capacitors being kind of leaky as the optical drive of both of these units are actually similar we've just switched them over we're also going to add some contact spray as the switch for the 1001 kind of sticks a little just a couple of squirts should clean it up both drives are similar but not identical the optical drive of the newer ps1 is slightly larger at the top to test this without the case we can insert the game and push in a piece of plastic as a switch here the playstation sees that the case is closed and the game works fine to make the drive fit in this case we can file down the piece of plastic now it fits like a glove so from all four of these junk playstations one is a bit crap let's go for the extra mile let's see how well we can clean these up let's get these junk stickers off [Music] then to use some alcohol wipes to get rid of dirt and also the sticker residue okay can i get so far so let's try with some washing up liquid with this model i'll be a little lazy and just leave this here and only clean the exterior after giving it a rinse and a dry with a towel we can use some contact spray on a cotton bud to clean the area around the memory card slots [Music] we can also use this to clean around the edges of the case the brown board on the left is the power supply make sure not to touch these with your fingers or anything metal especially if it's plugged in outside the absence of the playstation logo and a few scratches this one looks pretty damn nice [Music] we didn't even need to use the sink for the second unit a simple wipe with alcohol tissue is pretty much all we need but if we're looking at the buttons they do seem kind of yellow and it kind of ruins the whole look of the case we can squeeze the clips at the back and use a cotton blood to pop this out we'll be needing a screwdriver for the other only two screws and the same deal again with a cotton bud we try cleaning one of these with washing up liquid then giving it a good rinse with warm water and it did clean it but it did not remove any of the yellow we'll try the same thing with the playstation 1 slim alcohol wipes a good clean in the sink and there is a bit more of a difference here surely we can do better when we see white plastics from the 80s and 90s they're usually a yellow color this is due to a flame retardant in the material itself and the way to get rid of it is direct sunlight this could make the plastic brittle but we've got the things as junk so who cares we left this out for about four hours in the sun and let's see the results here's how it looked before and this is how it looks after a suntan compare it to the inside plastic and it looks brilliant look at these buttons look great [Music] let's put this back together [Music] wow now that is an art attack as i couldn't remember how yellow the buttons looked i bought another junk playstation [Music] the cycle continues i have a lot of nostalgia attached to the playstation 1. is it just me with this problem or can any of you relate either way we could turn junk into gold [Music] hello i am john patreon people thank you for supporting us and the 80 of you would want to hear more from john luke sorry that i wasn't in this video i was sliding around on naked ladies in the shower room please visit our discord for more information catch you in the next video engage hyperactive hyperdrive in my hot pants [Music]	in a recent community post we mentioned that we got a playstation one for 50 yen it was labeled as junk but will it work it rattles a little but will that be a problem let us give it a test we are going to use one of the hdmi adapters for video output and one of my favorite games ridge racer revolution it loads up with slight stuttering looking good 0 dear leaving it for a few seconds we can actually play the game but it seems like there is some slight problem with the optical drive if we exit out and then restart the game it seems to load without any issue with the drive being slightly noisy and unreliable i thought maybe why not open this up perhaps we can pinpoint the problem and fix it for good so here is my working playstation one let us quickly compare it to the playstation junk even before using a screwdriver we can see there is a lot more resistance with the spinner and this one rattles on the bottom there are 6 screws which we can undo with a posi driver being careful with the units we can now pull open the case we can then brush away any dust just going to give it a slight clean we can now unplug the data cable then slightly offset the drive so we can easily pull out the power cable to get access to the internals of this drive there are 2 tiny screws which must take out this cover then slides off use compressed air to clean it up before we carry on we are going to cover the lens we do not want this getting bugged up we are going to use some silicone grease for these small use a cotton bud to spread it around a little then use the other end to clean these rails rid of any dirt before we apply some grease lithium is recommended but we are going to use some serra grease i use this on the arcade sticks all the time good stuff apply it evenly to the now rails have access to the other end of the rail move the lens down carefully and continue with the grease now we are done with this side i am going to turn it over then undo the 2 screws there are 2 tiny holes here that we can use to apply oil if you can use some sewing machine oil we are just going to use some 3 in one because that is all we got also lubricate the motor there is a very tiny hole here then grease up the area here next to the motor now i can screw the assembly back together add the cover make sure the ribbon sits flush and there are 2 latches on either end clip them in properly locations being here and here now for the 2 screws now with the spinner we can turn it a few times make sure the oil is doing its job now we can put it back together 1st we will start with the power cable and slowly push in the data cable the 1001 series does have a latch for this for the moving parts on the outside we can use some silicon grease get a few squirts and here it should be a bit smoother nice put the cover back on and let us give it a test drive we can see here that even without changing the strength of the laser we can have a nicely moving and grooving playstation one now the playstation loads up faster has less skipping and is much more quiet i have just remembered something after spending many years in japan i have actually managed to build up a collection of junk playstation ones seriously i can not help myself go to a junk shop find something cheap i will buy it now this one i got for 100 yen and it is the 1001 model which has the extra outputs at the back known by some as the audiophile model this is also sold as junk and yeah the cd spins up to crazy speeds when the lid is open the opposite what it is supposed to do the playstation bought for 300 yen actually works fine the cd drive is a little noisy but we can fix this let us try the ps one with the same game we can already see a problem the thing just does not close then we are turning it on nothing let us see if we can get these working so this is the 1001 model we are going to do the same maintenance that we did earlier a bit of lube here bit of cleaning same as before we already know the 300 model works so let us go to the smaller ps one there are 6 screws underneath one is hidden by the sticker but with these screws it is very easy to strip the threads make sure to use a lot of torque on the 1st turn as we can not close the cover easily there is a problem with the eject button we can push the latches on the side and easily pull out the cover we can use alcohol wipes or silicone lube and clean away the gunk yeah it is pretty dirty in here enter the power switch just like new looking at the optical drive itself it seems that this has not been used much but after a quick clean we can reinsert it try it again nothing happened it might be worth having a look at the board this shielding can be taken off very easily and looking at the back of the board it seems like there is some leakage or residue near the switch we could try to clean that up but i have seen reports of this board is capacitors being kind of leaky as the optical drive of both of these units are actually similar we have just switched them over we are also going to add some contact spray as the switch for the 1001 kind of sticks a little just a couple of squirts should clean it up both drives are similar but not identical the optical drive of the newer ps one is slightly larger at the top to test this without the case we can insert the game and push in a piece of plastic as a switch here the playstation sees that the case is closed and the game works fine to make the drive fit in this case we can file down the piece of plastic now it fits like a glove so from all 4 of these junk playstations one is a bit crap let us go for the extra mile let us see how well we can clean these up let us get these junk stickers off then to use some alcohol wipes to get rid of dirt and also the sticker residue okay can i get so far so let us try with some washing up liquid with this model i will be a little lazy and just leave this here and only clean the exterior after giving it a rinse and a dry with a towel we can use some contact spray on a cotton bud to clean the area around the memory card slots we can also use this to clean around the edges of the case the brown board on the left is the power supply make sure not to touch these with your fingers or anything metal especially if it is plugged in outside the absence of the playstation logo and a few scratches this one looks pretty damn nice we did not even need to use the sink for the 2nd unit a simple wipe with alcohol tissue is pretty much all we need but if we are looking at the buttons they do seem kind of yellow and it kind of ruins the whole look of the case we can squeeze the clips at the back and use a cotton blood to pop this out we will be needing a screwdriver for the other only 2 screws and the same deal again with a cotton bud we try cleaning one of these with washing up liquid then giving it a good rinse with warm water and it did clean it but it did not remove any of the yellow we will try the same thing with the playstation one slim alcohol wipes a good clean in the sink and there is a bit more of a difference here surely we can do better when we see white plastics from the 80s and 90s they are usually a yellow color this is due to a flame retardant in the material itself and the way to get rid of it is direct sunlight this could make the plastic brittle but we have got the things as junk so who cares we left this out for about 4 hours in the sun and let us see the results here is how it looked before and this is how it looks after a suntan compare it to the inside plastic and it looks brilliant look at these buttons look great let us put this back together wow now that is an art attack as i could not remember how yellow the buttons looked i bought another junk playstation the cycle continues i have a lot of nostalgia attached to the playstation one is it just me with this problem or can any of you relate either way we could turn junk into gold hello i am john patreon people thank you for supporting us and the 80 of you would want to hear more from john luke sorry that i was not in this video i was sliding around on naked ladies in the shower room please visit our discord for more information catch you in the next video engage hyperactive hyperdrive in my hot pants	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ki6eTTZxySg
2,119.424562	[Applause] thank you thank you very much i'm really glad to be here uh this is actually my first kubecon done a little bit of workshop support in ancillary events in past but this is the first time actually attending a kubecon and i'm super excited so i'm not going to talk for five minutes about myself um just so you know where i'm coming from software engineer got into architecture after that and then um i've been worked in defense and in hospitality and for some reason i always try to get myself on whatever the project is that the company is betting the business on so that's where i seem to end up that has led me into some interesting spaces a lot of distributed systems so that got me into apache cassandra and kubernetes and then now putting them together so that's kind of the genesis of how i got involved in this kind of thing um so on the way over here i was grabbing a snack and i went outside to the coffee station and i'm walking past a table and i don't i don't recognize anybody here so maybe i'll be okay uh so i'm walking past the table and there's a group of folks and they're like hey did you see that um data stacks is going to be doing a talk about how to put a database in in kubernetes and one and one guy goes why would you do that that's what oh there is still skepticism out here around this now you know i'm in a world where um i'm used to this and i've already bought into it this is an article that i'm showing up here that a colleague of mine chris bradford wrote about his personal journey from being very anti you know running databases and containers just even that idea to how he kind of went through that progression of running databases on kubernetes so what i thought i would do is this is not the why you should run a database in kubernetes talk it's more of the assuming that you agree with the premise of doing it how do we actually go about doing it that's kind of where i'm coming from if you want to ask me questions about why at the end let's do it there's a whole community of people that are working on putting stateful workloads on to kubernetes it's the data on kubernetes community we had a great full day of sessions here on tuesday you can go and watch a lot of those sessions online i may even stole a couple of my points that you'll see later in the talk from things i heard on tuesday so i'm an active and avid learner in this space as well there's a whole community of innovators doing great things here one of the things that i learned recently is a survey that the dok community commissioned i'm talking to a lot of developers architects cios you know kind of all range of the the i.t workforce looking at who is adopting kubernetes for stateful workloads and it's kind of encouraging and a little bit surprising these numbers that that were that were able to come through now who knows is there confirmation bias from people who are willing to fill out a survey about data on kubernetes yeah it may be okay but look at this okay so 70 percent of uh people have at least some that are using kubernetes have at least some stateful workflows there 90 percent think that kubernetes is ready for it which to me says you're at least thinking about doing it so how do we get there uh i want to be clear and you know set expectations and you probably saw this when you were looking for sessions this is an introductory level session so i'm hitting the wave caps and what i want to present to you is a way of thinking about how you put databases and possibly other stateful workloads onto kubernetes so i've tried to break it down into a few simple steps and it starts with making sure that you understand the kubernetes primitives uh for stateful data including the persistent volume subsystem you want to pick a storage provider because ultimately your data needs to end up somewhere unless you're just doing caching you need to pick a database and then i'm going to highly recommend that you find an operator assuming that you're using a pretty common or popular database so those are the steps uh what we'll begin with is making sure that we understand these kubernetes primitives and especially the ones for managing state for stateful workloads but actually we're going to look at some some of the other primitives as well that are not exclusively for managing state they're all involved in putting a database on kubernetes so here we go uh i want to start with uh demystifying something now when i was a junior developer i was afraid of databases okay database was like there was one guy on the team that knew how to interact with the database to be the dba create the tables and manage all of that you wanted anything you went to the guy and this was a bad thing because mitch got stuck there for a while like he got pigeonholed and he was the only he wanted to go and do other things but he was the database guy he was the only one that knew how to do it so let's demystify a database is an application in applications when we deploy them in kubernetes or anywhere else they're really an assemblage of compute network and storage those are their needs right it's code it needs somewhere to run it knows how to talk to other things and it's got to have some place to put its data that fits a database just as well as any other application okay so let's look at what kubernetes gives us and break it down organize the community kubernetes primitives in terms of compute network and storage okay so we have these primitives uh for running pods on worker nodes we have replica sets and deployments that we can use to run multiple copies of things uh we have now stateful sets that kubernetes gives us to run stateful workloads for exposing our capabilities as services we have a kubernetes service we have things like kubernetes ingress so these are primitives that kubernetes gives us for allowing things to find each other and talk to each other and then in terms of storage we have a whole persistent volume subsystem that you know we're definitely going to focus on those but in order to deploy a database we just need to pick the right pieces from kind of this grab bag of resources that kubernetes gives us i'm going to show you some code here there's going to be some yaml there will be yaml in this presentation this is all available on github we have a repo that patrick mcfadden and i have created for a book that we're working on that yes i'll plug at the end of course you know i will but that's where the material is being drawn from and most of the images that you're going to see are also drawn from the book as well okay so i want to talk about the persistent volume subsystem portion of kubernetes so our pods can mount volumes uh and then the volumes can be of various types now in production systems what we see most commonly is the use of persistent volume claims so that's a a pvc mount is the most most common type of volume that we see mounted for an application that's doing something that's stateful okay so the way this breaks down is uh i create my pod i uh create a persistent volume claim that's gonna uh basically represent a request for storage that my pod has and then the um kubernetes is going to leverage a storage class which is managed managing a section of storage in order to create persistent volumes and then when we create uh pods and replicas sets and stateful sets then that's when the process of creating those persistent volumes and associating with them with persist volume claims happens generally what we see is administrators being involved with configuring the storage classes and developers are more concerned on that consumption side with creating persistent volume claims so we'll talk through this is kind of a big picture of you and we'll talk through some more of the details so a persistent volume is the kubernetes way of getting access to storage that outlives the lifecycle of a pod and there are different types of persistent volumes so we have local persistent volumes and those are going to leverage storage that lives on your kubernetes worker nodes other persistent volumes types provide access to storage that is maybe outside the cluster network storage maybe it's provided by your preferred cloud that you're running on um there are also third-party services maybe you are running in an on-prem situation and you actually have storage arrays that you're trying to allocate storage from so all of these are legit types of persistent volumes that you can use to provide storage to your application and we'll talk a little bit more about selecting a storage provider in a bit so this is an example of a persistent volume declaration it references a volume size it references allowed access modes so you can have read only read write you can have volumes that can only be written by a single writer at a time these kinds of parameters now this particular definition is an example of a local volume that is mapped to a specific kubernetes worker node using node affinity and again this is something that would typically be configured by someone who's responsible for for the administration of your kubernetes cluster so more on the op side than the app dev site once a persistent volume has been made available for application use either manually or they can be dynamically created by storage classes as we'll see we can reference the persistent volume in our pod specifications through creating a persistent volume claim and this provides a really good separation of concerns this allows us to as an app developer just ask for the storage that we need and the characteristics that it should have without having to have the knowledge about the specific provider that's in use this also makes our applications more easily portable so that they can run in a different environment as long as we the persistent volume claim can be satisfied by some persistent volume that's available in the target environment then we should be good to go there's also a second layer of separation so a persistent volume claim is actually defined externally to the pod that references it so persistent volume claim just represents kind of in the abstract a request for storage so on the left side we see the definition of a pvc it includes a desired amount of storage and access mode um as similar to what we saw before with persistent volumes it can optionally specify a desired storage class and that's in the case where you actually would like or are okay with your persistent volume claim being satisfied dynamically by the storage provider provisioning more storage on your behalf so on the right side you see a pod that has been defined to reference that particular pvc so pods linked to pvcs which link to persistent volumes which are created by storage classes all right so speaking of storage classes this is where the idea of picking a provider comes into play so we understand the kubernetes primitives at this point now we're ready to take what we've learned and assemble things to deploy applications okay so uh storage class is responsible for the dynamic provisioning of storage on persistent volumes in order to help satisfy our pvcs so the storage class handles the details of interfacing with our requested provider or the provider that we've configured so that the requested amount of storage can be set aside so there's actually a ton of different storage providers i didn't i did like sort of like an informal survey uh i didn't count on my fingers or anything but as i was going through the kind of the solution showcase there are a lot of storage providers here at kubecon um this is a rich area of you know competition and innovation uh and and so there's a lot of options that are available and that's just even from third-party vendors i'm not even counting the the what's available from uh our standard public cloud providers so one of the things that's pretty cool is this little tool recently discovered new to me at the bottom of the slide here the kubester which is a tool that's going to allow you to see what storage classes are already available in your cluster and make sure that they are configured correctly so that's a that's a pretty fun way to educate yourself the example that i'm showing here of declaring a storage class is a really simple example of a free storage provider from you know open source from rancho labs that basically just allows you to provision your your desktop or laptop computer as a storage provider if you're just running kubernetes on your desktop kind of for you know local dev purposes so i use this i use this one all the time if you want to peel back the covers a little bit this is where i for a one second kind of stray into non-introductory material but i think it's interesting so there is a specification called the container storage interface it's actually not unique to kubernetes or tied to kubernetes you can use csi compliant storage providers on other uh container orchestration platforms as well but uh this provides a specification and basically an api for providing cloud native storage and most of these cs csi providers um not necessarily all but most of them actually uh implement their control plane on kubernetes so i think it's really cool that you know you can have your storage actually managed on the kubernetes platform uh and so anyway i love geeking out peeking under the covers for just a second okay so now that we know about the primitives that we have and uh the the storage providers that we have available to us so we pick a storage provider now we're gonna pick a database um and i'm gonna give you two options here of different deployments for databases uh we're gonna look at a single node deployment of my sql now i understand that multi-node deployments of my sql are possible so don't get us up with me i know that there is the test which helps you to do all that and there are other and other operators that help you do that for different different types of relational databases i'm just going to do a sim simple one note example here and then we'll look at a cassandra deployment that is a multi-node deployment maybe compare and contrast and look at using some of the different application compute primitives that we introduced earlier namely replica sets and deployments and staple sets okay so here's a sample deployment of sequel and this is based on an example that you can find in the kubernetes documentation um i've kind of forked it on our our repo that i shared with you earlier that that data on kate kate's book repo or github org and uh so very you know relatively minor modifications to that standard kubernetes documentation example uh what this does is deploy wordpress a single node of wordpress on top of a single node of mysql and one thing that's that's kind of interesting around this example is that it shows not only my sql creating a pvc and getting some storage allocated to it but then also wordpress is using mysql and also on top of that getting its own volume where it wants to store some configuration data so it's a good demonstration of the idea that applications can use databases which use persistent volumes and applications can also assign volume or acquire volumes directly themselves so because we are only deploying a single node of mysql in this example a kubernetes deployment is a good choice now a deployment is a compute construct that is going to sit on top of replica sets so deployments manage the life cycle of replica sets which in turn create pods according to a number of replicas that we request so this is better than just running a database in a bear pod by itself because when you create it as part of a deployment kubernetes is going to take on responsibility for that life cycle for making sure that your desired number of replicas in this case one is running so we're gonna this this might not be uh super high availability because we could have some downtime if a pod dies and has to be recreated we're down from a database perspective during that restart period but it is going to give us some measure of availability the other thing that's curious to note here is you see on this slide that there's two replicas that are created by this replica set they're both pointing to the same pvc so this is a characteristic of these replica sets is that there's only one pvc that is defined in the replica set if you create multiple replicas they're all pointing to that one pvc now this is a great config this is a great configuration if you have read only data you could certainly get some efficiencies out of this but if you want to actually have a mold situation with multiple nodes that you're writing to like cassandra which we'll see later this wouldn't be an appropriate configuration for you and you would want to use something other than the deployments in replica sets okay so to deploy our single my sql node there's a couple of things that we need to create to start out the first thing is on the left there is you see security credentials now one of the things i love about working with kubernetes is that things are secure by default right you can't get out of port unless you expose it so we want to apply these same principles when we're talking about databases so the mysql that we're deploying uh has a administrator username and password we can actually control what that is by defining it in a secret which we will then pass into uh you know leverage in the definition of our deployment for mysql on the right side we see the definition of the pvc that's going to be referenced by our replica set okay so these are two ingredients that we create up front now we are ready to specify the yaml for our deployment for mysql okay so again we're not creating an individual pod we're creating a deployment that wraps it and so part of this definition is not the actual pod but a template for a pod so every time the deployment is going to create an additional pod it's going to use this template or kind of the recipe for creating that pod and again you see in there the reference to the single pvc that we declared earlier all right the next piece that we're going to talk about is how do you actually make a database accessible to your applications again it would kind of be lame to address our applications to a single pod instance a kind of a hard-coded instance or ip address because that pod could die and get restarted so we want to stick a kubernetes service in front of that and this is going to abstract the details of where that database instance is actually living on the network so even if we're only running a single pod this is still useful we have different types of services that are defined in the kubernetes world so you have a cluster ip service which is only within the scope of that cluster you can use load balancers and those are services typically you typically implementation of a load balancer is tied to your cloud provider so incoming calls might be round robin to different instances behind that service you might find that useful um we have other things like external ports we have ingress that can be defined and what we see most often if we're talking about a database tier is the use of a cluster ip service or maybe a load balancer that's that's what i tend to see most often usually you have an application that's sitting on top of your database and the application is what is providing an interface outside of kubernetes so not that you couldn't expose the database directly but i just don't see that very often so this is an example of a simple cluster ip service this is what is known as a headless service so what this does is when you do the dns lookup based on this name of a wordpress mic sql service what you would get back is the ip addresses of everything that's sitting underneath it and again in this case it's just a single ip address so headless service is a great way to go to put in front of your database instance all right so that was a quick fly through of a mysql deployment example again i want to refer you to the github repo in the book if you want kind of the more blow by blow detailed description we try to go through all the the various options kind of at a high level and then refer you to the the points in the kubernetes documentation where you can deep dive and get the lower level details so just hitting the wave caps for you right now we want to talk about deployment of cassandra now so the way that cassandra works is it's a multi-node architecture no one runs one node of cassandra in production not very many people run three nodes of cassandra in production generally you have a lot of data if you're using cassandra and those are organized in there's two different ways to think about how cassandra organizes itself and the data that it's storing so there's two viewpoints on this slide they both refer to the same cluster one of them is a kind of a more physical layout in terms of where the machines are located within your network so a lot of times you'll have multiple data centers what can what cassandra calls a data center and multiple racks so in cloud deployments most people map a cassandra data center to a cloud provider region and they map a rack to a particular availability zone so that's what you'll see in the if you look at the code details of the example uh so cassandra is aware of where you are placing this nodes because you you tell it where the nodes are in terms of the network topology and then it's going to try to store multiple copies of your data so that they are distributed across the different availability zones and even regions if you have a multi-region cluster so those are kind of the two viewpoints of the world cassandra uses something called partitioning which is similar to the concept of sharding but it's managed entirely by cassandra so you're never interacting with what what that kind of starting our algorithm looks like when you're using cassandra so i wanted to give you those details about the topology so that this slide would make sense if you have some familiarity with stateful sets um the way that what's shown here is a cassandra deployment that has three racks so one data center consisting of three racks and there's a single pod that's shown here in each rack and so we have a stateful set that is managing each of the racks uh and then as you can see here there's a there's a key difference from the my sequel example uh that we saw before in that each pod is actually getting its own persistent volume claim so this means each cassandra node has its own dedicated storage um and and that's what we want okay so we'll talk up front here uh about the idea of creating these uh standards uh a service that is pretty much like the my the service that we put in front of my sql it's very very similar and this time we're exposing the standard constant report of 9042 and i'm i'm showing it to you now because we're actually going to reference it on this next slide so this is probably our most complicated complicated yaml that we're going to see so trigger warning for anyone who doesn't like reading yaml on slides possibly including me but uh this is better than me um scrolling through a terminal window and screwing it up so uh this is a the definition of a stateful set for for a cassandra cluster it's going to span a couple slides we'll just walk through it a little at a time and i'll try to to guide you through so the left side we see the name of the staple set and we're going to reference that service that we just created so we're telling kubernetes that we that that is the service that we want to put in front of our nodes uh also on this left side we're looking at we're defining which policies we want kubernetes to use there are some options for how it manages the life cycle of the pods as it's as it spins them up and down to scale up and and destroys pods in order to scale down in the stateful set so the options that i've specified here are actually the defaults and they represent a more conservative approach to to managing the stateful set in that they're going to start one note at a time and they're going to wait for each node to to report that it's ready before starting to spin up the next note and the the restart policy that's here uh is it functions in a similar way so restarting a single node at a time uh when you so the the uh stateful set does support the idea of a rolling update so you can deploy updates to the to the stateful set that will be rolled out individually to the pots there's other things that we see here on the right side of the slide exposing ports for the different interfaces that cassandra has for client access with this with cql cassandra query language management apis uh interfaces for talking to other nodes and so on and the last little thing on the bottom right there is is kind of cool defining a pre-stop command this helps us have each cassandra node be a good citizen in instead of just ghosting the rest of the cluster when we when we scale down the cluster it's going to actually communicate and offload its data nicely to other nodes within the cluster so there are other hooks that we can define uh in terms of we can we can customize the liveness and readiness probes that are used on each node as well as this pre-stop that you see here okay we're halfway through the yaml all right so what we see here on the left side is overriding some environment variables the particular cassandra image that we're using in this example actually allows configuration by providing a yaml file which you can swap in uh and override cassandra's built-in yaml configuration or you know there's also several environment variables that are supported that you can kind of override the the location of various things and and some different properties and then finally we need storage so we're going to define a pvc template and every time the stateful set is going to stamp out a new pod it's going to create a new a new pvc according to the template that we have defined here and this functions much the same way as the other pvc definitions that you've seen in the previous slides so that's that's the great thing about stateful sets is that it's going to manage the uh the creation of these pods and the creation of the storage that they need at the same time um one of the things that they do not do is when you scale down a cluster and uh nodes are eliminated from the stateful set it does not automatically delete the pvcs for you so you're welcome your data is still there even when the cluster scales down you actually have to go and explicitly delay delete those pvcs in order to free the data all right so staple sets are are pretty powerful and you can see that a simple example can involve quite a bit of yaml configuration so you might ask do you is that you know is that too complicated do i want to manage that complexity uh you may or may not so and that's just all i've shown you here is some brief talk about you know initial deployment of the database and then maybe a little bit we've talked about scaling up and scaling down or kind of hinted at that now what about things that databases need care and feeding tuning you know debugging things uh long you know identifying long-running queries there's all kinds of things that go into the operations of a database that that we need on top of that initial deployment so this is where the idea of operators comes in so this is a great quote from tuesday this is very likely a paraphrase of what was actually said but i remember rick vasquez from western digital saying something like this and a great panel discussion that was part of that dok day and his his words of wisdom were basically yeah if you're you know deploy if you're going to deploy a database in kubernetes you should use an operator and that was like a word to everyone not not you know not just noobs or you know uh people that maybe have less experience doing this basically like you should be using an operator that's really gonna save you a lot of pain um and i would concur with that opinion okay so this is where the operator pattern comes into play this is a kubernetes native way of managing applications that take advantage of the kubernetes deploy the the kubernetes control loop um so there's very likely uh an operator available for the database that you're using um and and in particular in the cassandra world we had like five or six of them as of uh uh earlier this year we've kind of reconciled as a community down to one called cass operator and you can find it at the address shown on there and then we've actually kind of broadened beyond that so cast operator manages the provision and running of your nodes but you also need other things and this is a common thing for other databases as well you need to manage backup and restores maybe you need secure provisioning of keys or different access credentials there's a lot of things that go into it right so an example of something innovative that we're doing in the cassandra community is this kate sander project in which we're actually building an ecosystem of things around the core cassandra project it includes cass operator to run cassandra but then also tools called medusa and reaper that perform operational tasks including backup and restore capabilities we've integrated the cube prometheus stack so that we have metrics reporting you can you can use the q prometheus stack that comes with kate sandra or you can swap in your own instances if you would like and then on top of that we've put stargate which is basically an api layer that we built on top of cassandra and uh you know my this is not a plug for our our database as a service but we have astra our database as a service what we're basically doing with that is a lot of the technology that that runs that goes into stargate and the kate sander projects so when people ask are you you know can you run a database on kubernetes well i mean that's what we're doing we have a whole database as a service business that is running in kubernetes so if you want to hear more about this kind of stuff there's a talk that my colleague chris bradford is is co-presenting with tai from google this afternoon i recommend checking that talk out especially if you want to talk about multi-cluster going having a database that spans multiple kubernetes clusters this is a really interesting and innovative area and there's a lot of work going on here uh this is the book plug that i promised that you i know that you really wanted to see the first three chapters are out and available if you have an o'reilly account you can see them on the learning platform and i'm really grateful to portworx who have agreed to sponsor the book and you can actually get the first three chapters for free that's what the first three that are available uh from them right now they've been handing out cards and i'm giving you an address here that you can use um this is something that uh i don't we're not the world class experts like no one there is no one that has all of the knowledge so i'm really happy to be corrected and fault to be found with things that we have written and things that can be made better so i'd love to have feedback from people that are looking at the early release of the book and i'm going to go hang out at the datasacks booth after this we are giving away a video game machine but i know that you're not all about the swag and the prizes so i know that you want to hear my colleague rags come and give some demos he's going to be doing some hands-on stuff with kate sandra at the booth and i think he also has a couple of t-shirts to give away um if we have folks to that want to ask questions and i'm sorry virtual people i cannot send you a virtual t-shirt okay so i'm ready for questions if we have time you know i think we might be out but uh yeah thank you very much jeffrey all right thank you [Applause]	thank you thank you very much i am really glad to be here this is actually my 1st kubecon done a little bit of workshop support in ancillary events in past but this is the 1st time actually attending a kubecon and i am super excited so i am not going to talk for 5 minutes about myself just so you know where i am coming from software engineer got into architecture after that and then i have been worked in defense and in hospitality and for some reason i always try to get myself on whatever the project is that the company is betting the business on so that is where i seem to end up that has led me into some interesting spaces a lot of distributed systems so that got me into apache cassandra and kubernetes and then now putting them together so that is kind of the genesis of how i got involved in this kind of thing so on the way over here i was grabbing a snack and i went outside to the coffee station and i am walking past a table and i do not i do not recognize anybody here so maybe i will be okay so i am walking past the table and there is a group of folks and they are like hey did you see that data stacks is going to be doing a talk about how to put a database in in kubernetes and one and one guy goes why would you do that that is what 0 there is still skepticism out here around this now you know i am in a world where i am used to this and i have already bought into it this is an article that i am showing up here that a colleague of mine chris bradford wrote about his personal journey from being very anti you know running databases and containers just even that idea to how he kind of went through that progression of running databases on kubernetes so what i thought i would do is this is not the why you should run a database in kubernetes talk it is more of the assuming that you agree with the premise of doing it how do we actually go about doing it that is kind of where i am coming from if you want to ask me questions about why at the end let us do it there is a whole community of people that are working on putting stateful workloads on to kubernetes it is the data on kubernetes community we had a great full day of sessions here on tuesday you can go and watch a lot of those sessions online i may even stole a couple of my points that you will see later in the talk from things i heard on tuesday so i am an active and avid learner in this space as well there is a whole community of innovators doing great things here one of the things that i learned recently is a survey that the dok community commissioned i am talking to a lot of developers architects cios you know kind of all range of the the i t workforce looking at who is adopting kubernetes for stateful workloads and it is kind of encouraging and a little bit surprising these numbers that that were that were able to come through now who knows is there confirmation bias from people who are willing to fill out a survey about data on kubernetes yeah it may be okay but look at this okay so 70% of people have at least some that are using kubernetes have at least some stateful workflows there 90% think that kubernetes is ready for it which to me says you are at least thinking about doing it so how do we get there i want to be clear and you know set expectations and you probably saw this when you were looking for sessions this is an introductory level session so i am hitting the wave caps and what i want to present to you is a way of thinking about how you put databases and possibly other stateful workloads onto kubernetes so i have tried to break it down into a few simple steps and it starts with making sure that you understand the kubernetes primitives for stateful data including the persistent volume subsystem you want to pick a storage provider because ultimately your data needs to end up somewhere unless you are just doing caching you need to pick a database and then i am going to highly recommend that you find an operator assuming that you are using a pretty common or popular database so those are the steps what we will begin with is making sure that we understand these kubernetes primitives and especially the ones for managing state for stateful workloads but actually we are going to look at some some of the other primitives as well that are not exclusively for managing state they are all involved in putting a database on kubernetes so here we go i want to start with demystifying something now when i was a junior developer i was afraid of databases okay database was like there was one guy on the team that knew how to interact with the database to be the dba create the tables and manage all of that you wanted anything you went to the guy and this was a bad thing because mitch got stuck there for a while like he got pigeonholed and he was the only he wanted to go and do other things but he was the database guy he was the only one that knew how to do it so let us demystify a database is an application in applications when we deploy them in kubernetes or anywhere else they are really an assemblage of compute network and storage those are their needs right it is code it needs somewhere to run it knows how to talk to other things and it has got to have some place to put its data that fits a database just as well as any other application okay so let us look at what kubernetes gives us and break it down organize the community kubernetes primitives in terms of compute network and storage okay so we have these primitives for running pods on worker nodes we have replica sets and deployments that we can use to run multiple copies of things we have now stateful sets that kubernetes gives us to run stateful workloads for exposing our capabilities as services we have a kubernetes service we have things like kubernetes ingress so these are primitives that kubernetes gives us for allowing things to find each other and talk to each other and then in terms of storage we have a whole persistent volume subsystem that you know we are definitely going to focus on those but in order to deploy a database we just need to pick the right pieces from kind of this grab bag of resources that kubernetes gives us i am going to show you some code here there is going to be some yaml there will be yaml in this presentation this is all available on github we have a repo that patrick mcfadden and i have created for a book that we are working on that yes i will plug at the end of course you know i will but that is where the material is being drawn from and most of the images that you are going to see are also drawn from the book as well okay so i want to talk about the persistent volume subsystem portion of kubernetes so our pods can mount volumes and then the volumes can be of various types now in production systems what we see most commonly is the use of persistent volume claims so that is a a pvc mount is the most most common type of volume that we see mounted for an application that is doing something that is stateful okay so the way this breaks down is i create my pod i create a persistent volume claim that is going to basically represent a request for storage that my pod has and then the kubernetes is going to leverage a storage class which is managed managing a section of storage in order to create persistent volumes and then when we create pods and replicas sets and stateful sets then that is when the process of creating those persistent volumes and associating with them with persist volume claims happens generally what we see is administrators being involved with configuring the storage classes and developers are more concerned on that consumption side with creating persistent volume claims so we will talk through this is kind of a big picture of you and we will talk through some more of the details so a persistent volume is the kubernetes way of getting access to storage that outlives the lifecycle of a pod and there are different types of persistent volumes so we have local persistent volumes and those are going to leverage storage that lives on your kubernetes worker nodes other persistent volumes types provide access to storage that is maybe outside the cluster network storage maybe it is provided by your preferred cloud that you are running on there are also 3rd party services maybe you are running in an on prem situation and you actually have storage arrays that you are trying to allocate storage from so all of these are legit types of persistent volumes that you can use to provide storage to your application and we will talk a little bit more about selecting a storage provider in a bit so this is an example of a persistent volume declaration it references a volume size it references allowed access modes so you can have read only read write you can have volumes that can only be written by a single writer at a time these kinds of parameters now this particular definition is an example of a local volume that is mapped to a specific kubernetes worker node using node affinity and again this is something that would typically be configured by someone who is responsible for for the administration of your kubernetes cluster so more on the op side than the app dev site once a persistent volume has been made available for application use either manually or they can be dynamically created by storage classes as we will see we can reference the persistent volume in our pod specifications through creating a persistent volume claim and this provides a really good separation of concerns this allows us to as an app developer just ask for the storage that we need and the characteristics that it should have without having to have the knowledge about the specific provider that is in use this also makes our applications more easily portable so that they can run in a different environment as long as we the persistent volume claim can be satisfied by some persistent volume that is available in the target environment then we should be good to go there is also a 2nd layer of separation so a persistent volume claim is actually defined externally to the pod that references it so persistent volume claim just represents kind of in the abstract a request for storage so on the left side we see the definition of a pvc it includes a desired amount of storage and access mode as similar to what we saw before with persistent volumes it can optionally specify a desired storage class and that is in the case where you actually would like or are okay with your persistent volume claim being satisfied dynamically by the storage provider provisioning more storage on your behalf so on the right side you see a pod that has been defined to reference that particular pvc so pods linked to pvcs which link to persistent volumes which are created by storage classes all right so speaking of storage classes this is where the idea of picking a provider comes into play so we understand the kubernetes primitives at this point now we are ready to take what we have learned and assemble things to deploy applications okay so storage class is responsible for the dynamic provisioning of storage on persistent volumes in order to help satisfy our pvcs so the storage class handles the details of interfacing with our requested provider or the provider that we have configured so that the requested amount of storage can be set aside so there is actually a ton of different storage providers i did not i did like sort of like an informal survey i did not count on my fingers or anything but as i was going through the kind of the solution showcase there are a lot of storage providers here at kubecon this is a rich area of you know competition and innovation and and so there is a lot of options that are available and that is just even from 3rd party vendors i am not even counting the the what is available from our standard public cloud providers so one of the things that is pretty cool is this little tool recently discovered new to me at the bottom of the slide here the kubester which is a tool that is going to allow you to see what storage classes are already available in your cluster and make sure that they are configured correctly so that is a that is a pretty fun way to educate yourself the example that i am showing here of declaring a storage class is a really simple example of a free storage provider from you know open source from rancho labs that basically just allows you to provision your your desktop or laptop computer as a storage provider if you are just running kubernetes on your desktop kind of for you know local dev purposes so i use this i use this one all the time if you want to peel back the covers a little bit this is where i for a 12nd kind of stray into non introductory material but i think it is interesting so there is a specification called the container storage interface it is actually not unique to kubernetes or tied to kubernetes you can use csi compliant storage providers on other container orchestration platforms as well but this provides a specification and basically an api for providing cloud native storage and most of these cs csi providers not necessarily all but most of them actually implement their control plane on kubernetes so i think it is really cool that you know you can have your storage actually managed on the kubernetes platform and so anyway i love geeking out peeking under the covers for just a 2nd okay so now that we know about the primitives that we have and the the storage providers that we have available to us so we pick a storage provider now we are going to pick a database and i am going to give you 2 options here of different deployments for databases we are going to look at a single node deployment of my sql now i understand that multi node deployments of my sql are possible so do not get us up with me i know that there is the test which helps you to do all that and there are other and other operators that help you do that for different different types of relational databases i am just going to do a sim simple one note example here and then we will look at a cassandra deployment that is a multi node deployment maybe compare and contrast and look at using some of the different application compute primitives that we introduced earlier namely replica sets and deployments and staple sets okay so here is a sample deployment of sequel and this is based on an example that you can find in the kubernetes documentation i have kind of forked it on our our repo that i shared with you earlier that that data on kate kate is book repo or github org and so very you know relatively minor modifications to that standard kubernetes documentation example what this does is deploy wordpress a single node of wordpress on top of a single node of mysql and one thing that is that is kind of interesting around this example is that it shows not only my sql creating a pvc and getting some storage allocated to it but then also wordpress is using mysql and also on top of that getting its own volume where it wants to store some configuration data so it is a good demonstration of the idea that applications can use databases which use persistent volumes and applications can also assign volume or acquire volumes directly themselves so because we are only deploying a single node of mysql in this example a kubernetes deployment is a good choice now a deployment is a compute construct that is going to sit on top of replica sets so deployments manage the life cycle of replica sets which in turn create pods according to a number of replicas that we request so this is better than just running a database in a bear pod by itself because when you create it as part of a deployment kubernetes is going to take on responsibility for that life cycle for making sure that your desired number of replicas in this case one is running so we are going to this this might not be super high availability because we could have some downtime if a pod dies and has to be recreated we are down from a database perspective during that restart period but it is going to give us some measure of availability the other thing that is curious to note here is you see on this slide that there is 2 replicas that are created by this replica set they are both pointing to the same pvc so this is a characteristic of these replica sets is that there is only one pvc that is defined in the replica set if you create multiple replicas they are all pointing to that one pvc now this is a great config this is a great configuration if you have read only data you could certainly get some efficiencies out of this but if you want to actually have a mold situation with multiple nodes that you are writing to like cassandra which we will see later this would not be an appropriate configuration for you and you would want to use something other than the deployments in replica sets okay so to deploy our single my sql node there is a couple of things that we need to create to start out the 1st thing is on the left there is you see security credentials now one of the things i love about working with kubernetes is that things are secure by default right you can not get out of port unless you expose it so we want to apply these same principles when we are talking about databases so the mysql that we are deploying has a administrator username and password we can actually control what that is by defining it in a secret which we will then pass into you know leverage in the definition of our deployment for mysql on the right side we see the definition of the pvc that is going to be referenced by our replica set okay so these are 2 ingredients that we create up front now we are ready to specify the yaml for our deployment for mysql okay so again we are not creating an individual pod we are creating a deployment that wraps it and so part of this definition is not the actual pod but a template for a pod so every time the deployment is going to create an additional pod it is going to use this template or kind of the recipe for creating that pod and again you see in there the reference to the single pvc that we declared earlier all right the next piece that we are going to talk about is how do you actually make a database accessible to your applications again it would kind of be lame to address our applications to a single pod instance a kind of a hard coded instance or ip address because that pod could die and get restarted so we want to stick a kubernetes service in front of that and this is going to abstract the details of where that database instance is actually living on the network so even if we are only running a single pod this is still useful we have different types of services that are defined in the kubernetes world so you have a cluster ip service which is only within the scope of that cluster you can use load balancers and those are services typically you typically implementation of a load balancer is tied to your cloud provider so incoming calls might be round robin to different instances behind that service you might find that useful we have other things like external ports we have ingress that can be defined and what we see most often if we are talking about a database tier is the use of a cluster ip service or maybe a load balancer that is that is what i tend to see most often usually you have an application that is sitting on top of your database and the application is what is providing an interface outside of kubernetes so not that you could not expose the database directly but i just do not see that very often so this is an example of a simple cluster ip service this is what is known as a headless service so what this does is when you do the dns lookup based on this name of a wordpress mic sql service what you would get back is the ip addresses of everything that is sitting underneath it and again in this case it is just a single ip address so headless service is a great way to go to put in front of your database instance all right so that was a quick fly through of a mysql deployment example again i want to refer you to the github repo in the book if you want kind of the more blow by blow detailed description we try to go through all the the various options kind of at a high level and then refer you to the the points in the kubernetes documentation where you can deep dive and get the lower level details so just hitting the wave caps for you right now we want to talk about deployment of cassandra now so the way that cassandra works is it is a multi node architecture no one runs one node of cassandra in production not very many people run 3 nodes of cassandra in production generally you have a lot of data if you are using cassandra and those are organized in there is 2 different ways to think about how cassandra organizes itself and the data that it is storing so there is 2 viewpoints on this slide they both refer to the same cluster one of them is a kind of a more physical layout in terms of where the machines are located within your network so a lot of times you will have multiple data centers what can what cassandra calls a data center and multiple racks so in cloud deployments most people map a cassandra data center to a cloud provider region and they map a rack to a particular availability zone so that is what you will see in the if you look at the code details of the example so cassandra is aware of where you are placing this nodes because you you tell it where the nodes are in terms of the network topology and then it is going to try to store multiple copies of your data so that they are distributed across the different availability zones and even regions if you have a multi region cluster so those are kind of the 2 viewpoints of the world cassandra uses something called partitioning which is similar to the concept of sharding but it is managed entirely by cassandra so you are never interacting with what what that kind of starting our algorithm looks like when you are using cassandra so i wanted to give you those details about the topology so that this slide would make sense if you have some familiarity with stateful sets the way that what is shown here is a cassandra deployment that has 3 racks so one data center consisting of 3 racks and there is a single pod that is shown here in each rack and so we have a stateful set that is managing each of the racks and then as you can see here there is a there is a key difference from the my sequel example that we saw before in that each pod is actually getting its own persistent volume claim so this means each cassandra node has its own dedicated storage and and that is what we want okay so we will talk up front here about the idea of creating these standards a service that is pretty much like the my the service that we put in front of my sql it is very very similar and this time we are exposing the standard constant report of 9042 and i am i am showing it to you now because we are actually going to reference it on this next slide so this is probably our most complicated complicated yaml that we are going to see so trigger warning for anyone who does not like reading yaml on slides possibly including me but this is better than me scrolling through a terminal window and screwing it up so this is a the definition of a stateful set for for a cassandra cluster it is going to span a couple slides we will just walk through it a little at a time and i will try to to guide you through so the left side we see the name of the staple set and we are going to reference that service that we just created so we are telling kubernetes that we that that is the service that we want to put in front of our nodes also on this left side we are looking at we are defining which policies we want kubernetes to use there are some options for how it manages the life cycle of the pods as it is as it spins them up and down to scale up and and destroys pods in order to scale down in the stateful set so the options that i have specified here are actually the defaults and they represent a more conservative approach to to managing the stateful set in that they are going to start one note at a time and they are going to wait for each node to to report that it is ready before starting to spin up the next note and the the restart policy that is here is it functions in a similar way so restarting a single node at a time when you so the the stateful set does support the idea of a rolling update so you can deploy updates to the to the stateful set that will be rolled out individually to the pots there is other things that we see here on the right side of the slide exposing ports for the different interfaces that cassandra has for client access with this with cql cassandra query language management apis interfaces for talking to other nodes and so on and the last little thing on the bottom right there is is kind of cool defining a pre stop command this helps us have each cassandra node be a good citizen in instead of just ghosting the rest of the cluster when we when we scale down the cluster it is going to actually communicate and offload its data nicely to other nodes within the cluster so there are other hooks that we can define in terms of we can we can customize the liveness and readiness probes that are used on each node as well as this pre stop that you see here okay we are halfway through the yaml all right so what we see here on the left side is overriding some environment variables the particular cassandra image that we are using in this example actually allows configuration by providing a yaml file which you can swap in and override cassandra is built in yaml configuration or you know there is also several environment variables that are supported that you can kind of override the the location of various things and and some different properties and then finally we need storage so we are going to define a pvc template and every time the stateful set is going to stamp out a new pod it is going to create a new a new pvc according to the template that we have defined here and this functions much the same way as the other pvc definitions that you have seen in the previous slides so that is that is the great thing about stateful sets is that it is going to manage the the creation of these pods and the creation of the storage that they need at the same time one of the things that they do not do is when you scale down a cluster and nodes are eliminated from the stateful set it does not automatically delete the pvcs for you so you are welcome your data is still there even when the cluster scales down you actually have to go and explicitly delay delete those pvcs in order to free the data all right so staple sets are are pretty powerful and you can see that a simple example can involve quite a bit of yaml configuration so you might ask do you is that you know is that too complicated do i want to manage that complexity you may or may not so and that is just all i have shown you here is some brief talk about you know initial deployment of the database and then maybe a little bit we have talked about scaling up and scaling down or kind of hinted at that now what about things that databases need care and feeding tuning you know debugging things long you know identifying long running queries there is all kinds of things that go into the operations of a database that that we need on top of that initial deployment so this is where the idea of operators comes in so this is a great quote from tuesday this is very likely a paraphrase of what was actually said but i remember rick vasquez from western digital saying something like this and a great panel discussion that was part of that dok day and his his words of wisdom were basically yeah if you are you know deploy if you are going to deploy a database in kubernetes you should use an operator and that was like a word to everyone not not you know not just noobs or you know people that maybe have less experience doing this basically like you should be using an operator that is really going to save you a lot of pain and i would concur with that opinion okay so this is where the operator pattern comes into play this is a kubernetes native way of managing applications that take advantage of the kubernetes deploy the the kubernetes control loop so there is very likely an operator available for the database that you are using and and in particular in the cassandra world we had like 5 or 6 of them as of earlier this year we have kind of reconciled as a community down to one called cass operator and you can find it at the address shown on there and then we have actually kind of broadened beyond that so cast operator manages the provision and running of your nodes but you also need other things and this is a common thing for other databases as well you need to manage backup and restores maybe you need secure provisioning of keys or different access credentials there is a lot of things that go into it right so an example of something innovative that we are doing in the cassandra community is this kate sander project in which we are actually building an ecosystem of things around the core cassandra project it includes cass operator to run cassandra but then also tools called medusa and reaper that perform operational tasks including backup and restore capabilities we have integrated the cube prometheus stack so that we have metrics reporting you can you can use the q prometheus stack that comes with kate sandra or you can swap in your own instances if you would like and then on top of that we have put stargate which is basically an api layer that we built on top of cassandra and you know my this is not a plug for our our database as a service but we have astra our database as a service what we are basically doing with that is a lot of the technology that that runs that goes into stargate and the kate sander projects so when people ask are you you know can you run a database on kubernetes well i mean that is what we are doing we have a whole database as a service business that is running in kubernetes so if you want to hear more about this kind of stuff there is a talk that my colleague chris bradford is is co presenting with tai from google this afternoon i recommend checking that talk out especially if you want to talk about multi cluster going having a database that spans multiple kubernetes clusters this is a really interesting and innovative area and there is a lot of work going on here this is the book plug that i promised that you i know that you really wanted to see the 1st 3 chapters are out and available if you have an 0 reilly account you can see them on the learning platform and i am really grateful to portworx who have agreed to sponsor the book and you can actually get the 1st 3 chapters for free that is what the 1st 3 that are available from them right now they have been handing out cards and i am giving you an address here that you can use this is something that i do not we are not the world class experts like no one there is no one that has all of the knowledge so i am really happy to be corrected and fault to be found with things that we have written and things that can be made better so i would love to have feedback from people that are looking at the early release of the book and i am going to go hang out at the datasacks booth after this we are giving away a video game machine but i know that you are not all about the swag and the prizes so i know that you want to hear my colleague rags come and give some demos he is going to be doing some hands on stuff with kate sandra at the booth and i think he also has a couple of t shirts to give away if we have folks to that want to ask questions and i am sorry virtual people i cannot send you a virtual t shirt okay so i am ready for questions if we have time you know i think we might be out but yeah thank you very much jeffrey all right thank you	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UgtYlvIv36Q
3,120.251062	they crazy if you guys enjoyed this video don't forget it that door absorb subscribe for more and in this one I'm gonna be going over all of the animals that I own I have a total of eight animals right here president I have spot I am six animals including the new bird but there is a mysterious seventh animal inside that I'm not sure how many people know of but I do have a total of seven pets thank you guys for joining but yes I have a total of seven pets and today I will be going over exactly all of their backstories and how I obtained all of them starting off with the oldest my oldest animal is Milo right here which is ten years old he's around ten years old I'm not sure exactly how old he is but he has ten years and a lot of people ask why do you why do you not take the fruit why don't you take him anywhere it's cuz he limps most of the time so he's limping he likes to take pisses everywhere which is really annoying and he shits everywhere so he's just an old so that's why I don't take his ass anyway the second-oldest is right here the rat is my second oldest dog and he's around seven years old maybe he's perhaps eight years old so here you guys see the rat eating some kibble I know you guys love no Greg is that the red ring I know you guys left sing the rap but oh the story the story on how I got both of these dogs I got them off of an ant so all my dogs I've gone completely free so shouts out all my aunt's were always gifted me badass dogs I actually got to choose Jesus a rainforest in here I told you actually got to choose the fruit out of nine dogs and he was the only Longford and I chose him so I guess the chose the freakiest one but hey you can't blame me for that fruit mm-hmm so yes the rat is seven years old everybody always thinks he's a puppy but he's not a puppy I hear Nismo that's not his MO that's the new bird show the birds oh yes he's yes yes the third-oldest right here the dog the dog Krypto which I believe is three point nine years old oh no no no no two point nine my bad so he's two years old almost at three I did say I was gonna throw a badass party for this dog and invite all the dogs are dogs here so I'm gonna have to work on that but Krypto was actually the story on how I got crudo was they originally gave us a female husky and we didn't want a so we gave the to my uncle and he gave us a puppy now Krypto was the only option he was the last male dog so I had no other choice but for this dog hung Krypto I have been taking him for morning runs just running with him oh yeah this is I believe the dog could be he has right now is what is it I forgot what it is but he there's like two types and he usually just eats the other type of just leaves all the table we're getting what a bastard so yeah that's third oldest and then there's the homie mismo I want you guys to tell what the new bird is which one's the new bird is it a or is it B I've seen a lot of babes I've dated a lot of beige the new bird is B right here I think his name is just gonna be new bird but we should just call it a Snowbird but yes this is Nismo you guys already knows this straight douchey look at him he does not care about life but if I was to do that to the only new bird I got to approach him real nice and slow but if I am gonna keep this dude I'm gonna need a bigger cage for both of these for both of these damn Birds it's pretty funny ever since this dude got here he's been hella screamy of course and then the homie mismo just shuts up he's like I am happy now bastard should we call the bird new bird or what should we call him I'm pretty sure I'm just gonna call it ass new bird what else would I call him ok son against Eddie okay okay Nismo the story on how I got Nismo is I was looking for a cockatiel and I actually found an ad online from a breeder so I drove over there which was about 30 minute drive I took a 30 minute drive to get this bird and the night god is asked I wasn't sure if it was a guy or girl but I'm pretty sure he's a guy just cuz he sings a lot he likes to sing but he is how I cry ever since that new bird Nemo and the reason why I named him is me I should go over the reasons the reason why I named him Nismo was because of the car I owned it's a nice solid and Nismo is a type of Nissan Krypto his name was from of course Krypto the Superdog the cartoon of Superman's dog the rat that is completely self-explanatory the fruit Milo is I just we just named a Milo I have no idea that's a normal typical dog named new bird we just named new bird exactly right now so this live stream witnessed it and then we have my favorite animal out of all of them they'll homie fries this is my latest animal besides the new bird book this is my latest animal that I have purchased he is an Indian Rick come on three something's wrong with his damn dance he is an Indian or ringneck and these parents are known to talk but I'm hoping he's a guy I still haven't done the DNA test I haven't taken the feathers off of him that's the only thing I need and then I need to ship it so I think I'm zoomed in you know check the mic you want me to check something else is the mic cut is the mic cut mic test is the mic 'it is the mic that mic test mic test like this Ford Raptor or Chevy Silverado okay I just plugged it so I'm pretty sure you guys could hear the raw s9 footage I mean audio okay so I guess it was the this is what I used to record with the s9 which you need an adapter because the the phones only have the headphone jack so you need this adapter which allows you to have a microphone and headphone so it's a damn splitter and on the end of it I have superglue so we won't wiggle and jiggle just like my eggs god damn it I'm trying to avoid the X jokes I'm sorry this is way better yes it is but I'm going to shove it in again and let me know if the audio is good or it might be the mic I'm not sure what it is but I'm gonna shove it in in 3 2 is the mic is the my good so I do have an external mic now that you guys mentioned the damn mic these are the mics I use on every video that I recorded the GoPro or with the phone this is a newer lapel microphone if I'm recording with the DSLR with the DSLR I have a shotgun mic oh wait all the mics over here this is the mic I record with every GoPro and phone footage oh it says very bad connection Thank You Metro piece of thank you guys for joining I want you guys to let me know what you guys are doing on this beautiful Thursday as far as the channel I need to edit I mean I need to film a bunch of videos I don't really have footage right now and I'm extremely lazy to go out and get the footage so I do need to get some footage for you guys and edit that up but that's it pretty much I just wanted to go over all my animals I think I went over everything let me know if you get do you guys have any questions go ahead and ask the questions for the animals I will be answering them right now k z-e love your channel I've been I've had a channel for your small time check get out spam Instagram I did just try to Instagram live and it went completely bad it would kept losing connection I'm not sure why so I just gave up on Instagram life screw Instagram live we're going straight to YouTube baby I feel more at home since I can't say what's up YouTube in the beginning it was kind of weird I was like what the hell is this Ford Raptor or Chevy Silverado Raptor all day it's Wednesday oops my bad miss is it Wednesday OU's right you right start twitch yes a twitch channel a gaming twitch channel or maybe IRL vlogs who knows IRL is crazy in twitch how many times a day do you feed your dog the food is over here I usually fill it up with the cup this size like three times a day how Crypt how you love your food but we do have a boner or one of you guys sent in and he's munching on a boner get an aquarium I'm really traumatized of fish when I was little we used to you're probably good reason why do when I was little before the the fruit read rudely interrupted me when I was little I did own fish and one of them jumped out and they pretty much died and the other one got extremely lonely so that traumatized me fish just creeped me the hell out look at this dude look at this get a snake Oh snakes yes I would get a snake out completely get a snake feed that dude the rats cousins hunter red I'm sorry dog rat just the babies just the babies get on direct genome what's your favorite vehicle for mushing Krypto my favorite is gonna have to be the drift trike if I'm trying to be extremely laid-back the drift trike if I'm trying to go fast the longboard cuz longboard you could really hit the VTEC on the longboard would you get a ferret lol have one and they are so funny yes they're really weird but I don't think I would get one they freaking remind me of Ned's Declassified so I would pretty much try to be the janitor we should probably make that reenact that damn show well here you go the rats going off on the food I don't know why the fruit doesn't try to compete with the rat yeah he tries to compete with Krypto get him to rat get o get his little propeller but yes a snake that would be an awesome pet it would just be awesome watching him freaking eat and filming him me or what's the other there's like this big dragon that would be awesome as well freaking huge dragon in the backyard this dude recently got a hook stuck on his lip right here and I filmed a bit but we had to get some pliers and chop it off it was kind of crazy I have no idea how it happened it's probably one of his damn toys hopefully learned his lesson that douche a hamster I owned hamsters before man hamsters aren't my thing Komodo dragon no it was not a komodo dragon I think those were wild savages the rat ain't paying for child support he's trying to I think get a Milo Milo Milo is like rape made a fruit I'm starting to mush my husky any tips just keep keep doing it just keep mushing his ass he'll get better he'll understand once with more experience so just keep mush together have you had a pitbull no I've only had chihuahuas Huskies and a border collie I'm from Guadalajara nice have you done any past dreams I have a bunch of live streams I'm from Texas I am from California Krypto are you in California how is it ours a dog in hot weather it's not really that hot here I think it's like 65 right now I'm from Buffalo buffalo those chewing on a buffalo what is the best thing to run the dog a longboard always a longboard you have three birds yes one of them just flew into my backyard and his name is da new bird so yes three Birds three dogs oh the mystery the mystery animal kze does you 61 people are about a witness the mystery animal that kz has owned are you guys ready I hope you guys are ready because I'm not ready so this is the setup okay this isn't part of the setup this is outside the cage this is the setup for the homie Hans Oh where's he at he's inside these dudes are nocturnal this dude's my leopard gecko and he's nocturnal so I shouldn't really be doing this but this is for video purposes they're nice things he recently shed but he's a leopard he's a Sun glow wrapped her head leopard gecko look at him just closing his eyes like it's a freaking tight is he's a beast is the cutest animal I own when he has his eyes opened at least he's slowly backing it up he's okay footage says he's gonna find his ass he's gonna find his way to the frickin other island already know him but let's leave the home alone that's the homie Hanzo my seventh why are you running what do you want dude I don't have anything you're still look at him he's still shedding are you still Shannon I love snakes and I have a snake I also have a snake if you would get another dog what would it be I don't think I would have owned another dog while Krypto is still around cuz it's all got to be on of course honk repel Krypto you're the only youtuber who replies we're on live what else can I say we're on live hung Krypto I had two hamsters both of them died in the food bowl haha you should have had a snake use the brush I Sam for shedding woo ELISA yes you are very right - Lisa why are you running Krypto why are you running I have no idea alright P HAMP's I had 20 hamsters geez dude I have one rat and I could barely take that hunk repel what if what if it was a free purebred German Shepherd would I take a German Shepherd mmm honestly I think I would I would take a German Shepherd just so this dog could have a little playmate hunk ripped out and then the homie you guys already know who I don't really want to say his name because it's gonna trigger him it's gonna trigger him real bad but the homie would just completely love a German Shepherd buddy as well I'm from Ireland and have a lab mix collie who can mush Yass I have both hamster and a snake yes yes Leslie you said his name settled damn good thing I don't have voice to text to speech even though I should really get that that's awesome I think that's all a twitch thing only maybe and I think you need to have OBS YouTube get with your damn live stream program dude what are you doing show your Perry I had a green Indian redneck he was like my brother but unfortunately he flew away he used to speak the homie fries are you talking about you just picked them are you talking about look he wants to shower won't take a shower go away take a shower this dude's probably like eight months old let's put a disco with light on his ass I [Music] just use stream labs for a text-to-speech can you do that on YouTube live that's my question to you my star I want to buy a chameleon oh yes their eyes look like they're looking at some battle booty I would own a chameleon would you own a Charmeleon de booty booty you want a booty you want a booty oh my gosh I have trained him well what can I say and then all the dogs come I already showed the parrot the parrot is right here his name is fleas this phone's really dumb i focusing with the fence he's tripping out over the camera not sure why he's getting a little bit wild I need a tame has asked more but Indian rednecks are known to be extremely stubborn but I need to tame this dude cuz I felt like if he does tricks that would be completely awesomeness what is mush mush is a dog pulling you how you like to mush mmm you can ask this dog any question in any questionable question voice and he'll just question it a pet rock I do not own oh there's a bunch of pet rocks over there if that's what you're talking about Willis dude the rat is looking for some beef dude what did you do come uncle boy this dogs a freaking hand if I just move my hand he will completely fall oh man look at this Oh slow the slow approach I like it I have a Jack Russell she can pull me on bike when she sees a cat ha ha ha get her to pull you every time look at him dude kick his ass Milo I know every time the rat does this he just goes Milo just goes took Krypto and then he just tries to beat him up Krypto what is your biggest fear Kryptos biggest fear the freaking the floaties that's his biggest fear the floaties like in the lake the he trips out over those whoa Krypto Mary I don't think he'll get married I think he will smash you will most definitely smash in this whole lifetime but I don't think he'll get married why don't you neuter your dogs because I heard it changes their their attitude and I don't really want that I want this dog to go completely wild every time he sees a damn cat I'm not sure if that's true but I don't want to take the risk I don't really want to change his behavior I don't want to change his the way he looks and dogs that's how dogs are dogs are naturally horny you shouldn't really try and stop that I used to have a budgie and knew how to talk but it let I let him go now he said his cat ate up oh my gosh that's buddy my tax the same she's still crazy but she has she was fixed but I guess every dog is different I'm a very good trainer for parents had teacher had teach one wild Indian ring-necked to do high-fives shake in three days oh nice that's what I need for the homey man free that's the new bird screaming how old are all your dogs I just went over that that was what this video was about go ahead and re watch the video don't quote me don't frickin quote me the hell that was wrong with you the script they'll have an oral hygiene routine oral hygiene routine he tongue punches deaf rubes that's about it it froze again no he never freezes my cockatiel flew in my backyard too now I have a little demon trying to bite me yeah that that that bird is completely wild he's a savage and he does not apply that's the bad thing he's a douche my cousin fixed his dog and now don't like doing nothing it just completely kills her testosterone so yeah I'm pretty sure it'll change a lot he won't be feeding and a little fiend is never bad this clip they're stolen the rod I have you tried giving him raw vegetables he does like vegetables but he's not anuradha anymore when is the name Ervil call me daddy when is the face reveal when is the fascia bill I'm pretty sure the next video I will be working on will be the half a shovel for 100,000 subs and the giveaway so half face reveal is really soon that's the next video and full face reveal oh it's not the next video I wouldn't say so much but full face reveal is at 200,000 subs so I'm not sure when that is what food do you feed now what do you feed okay let's go check the food cuz I completely forgot the damn food I think it's I don't want to say what it is cuz I forgot there it is okay can I turn flash on I could oh there it is here it is this is what I buy crypto right here pre arena one lamb and beef formula this is what I said that he there's two types and he always eats this one first and he leaves the kibble and I feed him three of these every day all throughout the day so one in the morning one around 4:00 and the other one at night or like half at night I'm not exactly sure how much that weighs and everything but shouts out the damn drift right man leave this as a flash I could just make night videos and everything my malum you loves lamb yeah lamb I need to try something nice turn off the flash does it make a difference just do his eyes go like a damn vampire crypto I think that's only an eight my poodle loves chicken the rat loves chicken all all animals look freaking chicken I don't have anything dude crypto sit speak see it speak speak nope like you don't have treats sit down sit down need to go sorry thanks for joining us stay never why did you stop eating crypto raw cuz I wasn't feeding him the which he actually had to feed him there's a bunch of stuff you have to feed him and I wasn't feeding him correctly so I just stopped feeding it even though chicken raw chicken isn't bad for them I'd rather just have them eat one certain type of food and not too I'm home alone freaking seven cockatiels on the loose completely savage Purina dog food sucks if the rat likes you Yoma that's how I got to say how expensive house is where you live probably like four hundred thousand five hundred thousand how do you keep your bullet Birds cool during summer heat if it's extremely hot of course I'm not gonna have them outside but it does not get too hot yes why don't you feed crypto taste of the wild I've heard that's a really good dog food I probably should look into different dog food honestly what do you recommend Salinas or would you live somewhere else ideally Salinas is extremely amazing it's an extremely Salinas has everything you need it's nearby to everything it's close to a lot of things but if you could get out of Salinas of course get out of Salinas [Music] do your intro already did the intro in the beginning you were here you missed it what is the care for birds pretty much just feed them change their food and water every day that's about it have give them occasional occasional showers the homing Nesbo completely hate showers the mist down I do miss this bird down and he loves it they are singing and talking yes well he's a seen they're just they're just whistling more did you get crypto I said it in the pre I said it previously but they originally gave us a female and I didn't want a so I kept one of his pup or one of her puppies I gave the to my uncle what parrot do you prefer an African ringneck or a black palm cockatiel oh the blacks look crazy but an African ringneck wait an African ringneck oh no I'll take the black palm I thought you talked about the the gray one well I forgot what it was called KZ II would rather fight one crypto size the read or tend the rats I screwed up damn that's a good one KZ would you rather fight how do I do stuff to comment KZ would you rather fight one crypto sized a rat that would be extremely disgusting first of all that would be like a beyond a super rat that would be a New York sewer rat so I think I might have to fight ten the rat sized crypto is cuz that'd be just extremely adorable it'll look like I'm just kicking you know poof so hair or something no the huge rat would be a menace to society you would not need to frickin survive that would be they would need to I would kill the rat honestly I would go for the rent the big sized rat just to do a freaking favor to everything and the sewers turtles I'll buy no Turtles if anything I would like to see Northern California or Chicago area Northern California where's that at give crypto a belly rub okay here it comes oh yeah Oh Debra wants in order for one ting oh oh my gosh dude he just completely took the hand over give the rat a hug you can't hug the rat I could pinch the rat the rat the rat does love his booty spanks that's a fact dude every time he's about to go into my dirty laundry oh he's give him a good booty spank then he just hops right in would you rather have a parallel or budgie I have both in them sitting I would rather have a budgie buddies are adorable they're adorable put the Rolly on the rat uh-huh I need to make a video on with the Rolly on and then like a gold shoelace just walk them around I felt like that video would be extremely awesome so yes Rolly videos on the rat coming soon one of them of course we're gonna have to take them to public places such as the mall which kze is known to have beef with them all hopefully I don't get knelt on and they ban me make the rat look like a gangster that's impossible dee adopt another dog would I adopt a dog with a ze adopt the dog if I was to adopt the dog I would honestly just adopt a female husky if she's not neutered coop that was just like completely rescue a freaking you know what guys I think for my 100 thousand video what that was in sub video I think what i'ma do is I'm a freaking go to the pound go to the Salinas pound and just donate like a bunch money like pie like 300 bucks start a freaking GoFundMe for them so I'm a star - GoFundMe where you guys could actually donate to them and we're gonna give all the money to them with a bunch of blankets so I think that's gonna go ahead and be the hundred thousand sub video forget celebrating work in a frickin give to the animal shelter because I feel like that's the right thing to do so one hundred thousand viewed one hundred thousand sub donation video will be soon get him get on my loan he's getting mad dude they're trying to take the battle for me the rash is like super freaking spice tea dude you guys don't even know the red honestly it's like we offset the offer how a connection guys does it look good I am currently on Metro and I tested it out previous to this and it was like around 10 megabytes upload of the hood speed he's kidding hey studio rat get on my light will this be the first ever battle between the rat and fruit I don't think so I think in my honestly he just keeps bugging him can I take my husky to Kryptos birthday party this birthday party is gonna be extremely VIP only just bought a for $20 dog imma go ahead and say it was a chihuahua do you like Trump the president is just a freaking the president has absolutely no control over the u.s. it's just a damn figure it doesn't matter if Obama or Trump are in the tap are in the our president it's the same thing it's the exact same thing the kind of dog is in front of Krypto this dog is along for Chihuahua $10,000 dog versus one dog dollar dog what do you get a female to rat look at him he's trying to get in I actually do have a girl for door at the the lady that sold me fries she's a breeder and she has a female but I'm actually go ahead and hit her up actually because the rat babies that's a must honestly that right for president 2020 you guys know the rat he wouldn't even do a thing dude he's just being his bed all day around video froze try refreezing is probably your despite the connection or something try a refreshing and not refreezing it haha I never freeze this is an orange tree that's right next to him when people say Oh your connection so bad I think it's freezing you guys are completely wrong I never played this crypto microchipped yes he is microchipped he's been microchip why don't you show your face I was sadly gonna have to show my face and 200,000 subs I don't know how I feel about that one's for you I don't know I don't want I don't know why I don't show my face I just never found the need for my face to be in a video since my videos have never been about me well I mean they are and they are above me but I don't know I just never want to show my face do you like Logan Paul I don't really watch this stuff how much does it cost to microchip a husky for like 30 bucks and it's the same I don't think it matters I don't think the dog breed matters I actually do need to change the number on his microchip so these guys know if I need a like if they could do that I'm pretty sure they could right I need a freaking update that and as well as his chain number so I need a I need a update his registration as far as these dogs they are not microchipped these dogs I don't even know if a microchip fits inside the read honestly where will they shove it in through I'm sorry it's traveling to another state easy with the dog um if you're in a car if you're in a spacious car it probably would be easy you would just need a stop for them to go to the restroom you could you could always take them on a plane but traveling with the dog is always the dog is always gonna be your main concern so it so it could always be pretty dangerous since you can't really focus on other stuff since you have a dog with you but it is really easy to travel with the dog that's really easy not the most convenient but it is easy have you ever been outside of America greetings from Germany I go to Mexico every other every other year so yes I go to Mexico and that's pretty much yeah I've only been in Mexico and Cali do they have their shots Krypto does since they made him take his shots these dogs I don't I think I don't really think they have their shots but shots they don't really matter you don't you don't really know what they're putting inside of them starlings do completely fine by themselves where's the homie he's probably at his house do you have a girlfriend I do not have a girlfriend where's Nismo at and this boy's inside that cage but I'm pretty sure this one is no no wait yeah this was such a do she's just looking at the floor where did the wreck there is man you guys are freaking more attentive than my ex dude's on now or Diaz how old are you I am 21 years old do you follow go on the Husky I don't follow anybody on my youtube channel okay that son las mujeres the Salinas I what then see our no Salinas girls Salinas girls there's there's a lot of pretty Salinas grows hola hermano hello hello is the free squeaking it that's him that's the one that's going like a freaking harambe they have really squeaky voices as far as is he talking yet no he's not really talking it I'm pretty sure all those little things he does just practice so we could just say I never breathed ah one day he's just randomly gonna say it do you speak Spanish fluently yes I I took Spanish one during college and I actually had a presentation on 4/20 so I went you know I was a good presentation do you have tattoos no KZ he does not have any tattoos would I get a tattoo kinda yeah I would get a tattoo probably like on my chest and my arm high double-a high double tattoo of course of course what's the Huskies name that is repet oh good do hmm gotta get back to class good luck with school man the homie fries trippin my crazy yeah the homie breeze is this heavy it sounds like we're in one up for life well kind of tat I have no idea that's why I don't have a tattoo because I wouldn't know what to get [Music] creep has kryptonite ever been aggressive yeah he's been aggressive how much does a German Shepherd cost a German Shepherd probably around around here pile around $400 it sounds like a zoo I live in Wakanda it's crypto your favorite dog yes he's my favorite dog the rat is my least favorite I'm the 369th subscriber thank you for subscribing if you guys aren't just subscribed go ahead and subscribe Black Panther was such a good movie and there's a lot of debates on the Black Panthers there's a lot of you know there's a lot of there's a lot of stuff that went on with Black Panther that was a crazy movie was it good it was pretty good it was nice and action II man Huskies over here cost $900 have you ever been to Ireland no I've only been to Mexico and California Ireland that would be freakin awesome I'll just let crypto off-leash and let them run in the freaking mountains or something something Irish you know do I know the Netherlands no first place I would travel to out of country would probably be I'll probably say Canada Canada seems like a nice place to go [Music] how often already said that Huskies are $1200 here in German Shepherds are like 2,000 to 5,000 jeez man there's dogs you could buy online that are already trained that cost that amount of money you could buy Doberman online that are already freaking k9 trained I don't know how these ship um the part I don't ship em in a box but Linton STR fries go waa bladder no the homie fries you just gotta keep repeating the words what's your name my name is daddy PMR am i think it's a.m. right now what time is it it is now it's p.m. it's 12 19 ugh jeez that is really sensational my puppy one was a puppy was $1,000 I know the homie Mauser was expensive he was expensive and he had a hospital bill so that dog don't we Mauser shoutout the only Mouser take crypto to Alaska oh yes I would go freaking fishing in Alaska oh I'm running low battery guys I am on 9 percent battery life it's 20 to 19 in Greece I don't I don't know Roman numerals bro go to Dominic Dominican Republic I would go to Rio Rio seems like a nice place just to see a bunch of random breezes just flying everywhere it sounds like a female did I make sound effects from my mouth what kind of bird would you recommend for the first time owner are you are they easy to look after what type of bird would I recommend oh I mean every bird has a bunch of different characteristics but I would recommend cockatoos cockatiels are freaking friendly little birds so cockatiel go for a cockatiel go to the buy a video of Krypto in Dubai that's probably like the next freakin channel gold or something what's a good starting dog chihuahuas are pretty easy Chihuahua 98,000 a sub strong you're so close to 100k I think that's gonna be all that in in this video if you guys enjoyed this video don't get any that thumbs up subscribe	they crazy if you guys enjoyed this video do not forget it that door absorb subscribe for more and in this one i am going to be going over all of the animals that i own i have a total of 8 animals right here president i have spot i am 6 animals including the new bird but there is a mysterious 7th animal inside that i am not sure how many people know of but i do have a total of 7 pets thank you guys for joining but yes i have a total of 7 pets and today i will be going over exactly all of their backstories and how i obtained all of them starting off with the oldest my oldest animal is milo right here which is 10 years old he is around 10 years old i am not sure exactly how old he is but he has 10 years and a lot of people ask why do you why do you not take the fruit why do not you take him anywhere it is cuz he limps most of the time so he is limping he likes to take pisses everywhere which is really annoying and he shits everywhere so he is just an old so that is why i do not take his ass anyway the 2nd oldest is right here the rat is my 2nd oldest dog and he is around 7 years old maybe he is perhaps 8 years old so here you guys see the rat eating some kibble i know you guys love no greg is that the red ring i know you guys left sing the rap but 0 the story the story on how i got both of these dogs i got them off of an ant so all my dogs i have gone completely free so shouts out all my aunt is were always gifted me badass dogs i actually got to choose jesus a rainforest in here i told you actually got to choose the fruit out of 9 dogs and he was the only longford and i chose him so i guess the chose the freakiest one but hey you can not blame me for that fruit so yes the rat is 7 years old everybody always thinks he is a puppy but he is not a puppy i hear nismo that is not his mo that is the new bird show the birds 0 yes he is yes yes the 3rd oldest right here the dog the dog krypto which i believe is 3.9 years old 0 no no no no 2.9 my bad so he is 2 years old almost at 3 i did say i was going to throw a badass party for this dog and invite all the dogs are dogs here so i am going to have to work on that but krypto was actually the story on how i got crudo was they originally gave us a female husky and we did not want a so we gave the to my uncle and he gave us a puppy now krypto was the only option he was the last male dog so i had no other choice but for this dog hung krypto i have been taking him for morning runs just running with him 0 yeah this is i believe the dog could be he has right now is what is it i forgot what it is but he there is like 2 types and he usually just eats the other type of just leaves all the table we are getting what a bastard so yeah that is 3rd oldest and then there is the homie mismo i want you guys to tell what the new bird is which one is the new bird is it a or is it b i have seen a lot of babes i have dated a lot of beige the new bird is b right here i think his name is just going to be new bird but we should just call it a snowbird but yes this is nismo you guys already knows this straight douchey look at him he does not care about life but if i was to do that to the only new bird i got to approach him real nice and slow but if i am going to keep this dude i am going to need a bigger cage for both of these for both of these damn birds it is pretty funny ever since this dude got here he has been hella screamy of course and then the homie mismo just shuts up he is like i am happy now bastard should we call the bird new bird or what should we call him i am pretty sure i am just going to call it ass new bird what else would i call him ok son against eddie okay okay nismo the story on how i got nismo is i was looking for a cockatiel and i actually found an ad online from a breeder so i drove over there which was about 30 minute drive i took a 30 minute drive to get this bird and the night god is asked i was not sure if it was a guy or girl but i am pretty sure he is a guy just cuz he sings a lot he likes to sing but he is how i cry ever since that new bird nemo and the reason why i named him is me i should go over the reasons the reason why i named him nismo was because of the car i owned it is a nice solid and nismo is a type of nissan krypto his name was from of course krypto the superdog the cartoon of superman is dog the rat that is completely self explanatory the fruit milo is i just we just named a milo i have no idea that is a normal typical dog named new bird we just named new bird exactly right now so this live stream witnessed it and then we have my favorite animal out of all of them they will homie fries this is my latest animal besides the new bird book this is my latest animal that i have purchased he is an indian rick come on 3 something is wrong with his damn dance he is an indian or ringneck and these parents are known to talk but i am hoping he is a guy i still have not done the dna test i have not taken the feathers off of him that is the only thing i need and then i need to ship it so i think i am zoomed in you know check the mic you want me to check something else is the mic cut is the mic cut mic test is the mic it is the mic that mic test mic test like this ford raptor or chevy silverado okay i just plugged it so i am pretty sure you guys could hear the raw s 9 footage i mean audio okay so i guess it was the this is what i used to record with the s 9 which you need an adapter because the the phones only have the headphone jack so you need this adapter which allows you to have a microphone and headphone so it is a damn splitter and on the end of it i have superglue so we will not wiggle and jiggle just like my eggs god damn it i am trying to avoid the x jokes i am sorry this is way better yes it is but i am going to shove it in again and let me know if the audio is good or it might be the mic i am not sure what it is but i am going to shove it in in 3 2 is the mic is the my good so i do have an external mic now that you guys mentioned the damn mic these are the mics i use on every video that i recorded the gopro or with the phone this is a newer lapel microphone if i am recording with the dslr with the dslr i have a shotgun mic 0 wait all the mics over here this is the mic i record with every gopro and phone footage 0 it says very bad connection thank you metro piece of thank you guys for joining i want you guys to let me know what you guys are doing on this beautiful thursday as far as the channel i need to edit i mean i need to film a bunch of videos i do not really have footage right now and i am extremely lazy to go out and get the footage so i do need to get some footage for you guys and edit that up but that is it pretty much i just wanted to go over all my animals i think i went over everything let me know if you get do you guys have any questions go ahead and ask the questions for the animals i will be answering them right now k z e love your channel i have been i have had a channel for your small time check get out spam instagram i did just try to instagram live and it went completely bad it would kept losing connection i am not sure why so i just gave up on instagram life screw instagram live we are going straight to youtube baby i feel more at home since i can not say what is up youtube in the beginning it was kind of weird i was like what the hell is this ford raptor or chevy silverado raptor all day it is wednesday oops my bad miss is it wednesday ou is right you right start twitch yes a twitch channel a gaming twitch channel or maybe irl vlogs who knows irl is crazy in twitch how many times a day do you feed your dog the food is over here i usually fill it up with the cup this size like 3 times a day how crypt how you love your food but we do have a boner or one of you guys sent in and he is munching on a boner get an aquarium i am really traumatized of fish when i was little we used to you are probably good reason why do when i was little before the the fruit read rudely interrupted me when i was little i did own fish and one of them jumped out and they pretty much died and the other one got extremely lonely so that traumatized me fish just creeped me the hell out look at this dude look at this get a snake 0 snakes yes i would get a snake out completely get a snake feed that dude the rats cousins hunter red i am sorry dog rat just the babies just the babies get on direct genome what is your favorite vehicle for mushing krypto my favorite is going to have to be the drift trike if i am trying to be extremely laid back the drift trike if i am trying to go fast the longboard cuz longboard you could really hit the vtec on the longboard would you get a ferret lol have one and they are so funny yes they are really weird but i do not think i would get one they freaking remind me of ned is declassified so i would pretty much try to be the janitor we should probably make that reenact that damn show well here you go the rats going off on the food i do not know why the fruit does not try to compete with the rat yeah he tries to compete with krypto get him to rat get 0 get his little propeller but yes a snake that would be an awesome pet it would just be awesome watching him freaking eat and filming him me or what is the other there is like this big dragon that would be awesome as well freaking huge dragon in the backyard this dude recently got a hook stuck on his lip right here and i filmed a bit but we had to get some pliers and chop it off it was kind of crazy i have no idea how it happened it is probably one of his damn toys hopefully learned his lesson that douche a hamster i owned hamsters before man hamsters are not my thing komodo dragon no it was not a komodo dragon i think those were wild savages the rat aint paying for child support he is trying to i think get a milo milo milo is like rape made a fruit i am starting to mush my husky any tips just keep keep doing it just keep mushing his ass he will get better he will understand once with more experience so just keep mush together have you had a pitbull no i have only had chihuahuas huskies and a border collie i am from guadalajara nice have you done any past dreams i have a bunch of live streams i am from texas i am from california krypto are you in california how is it ours a dog in hot weather it is not really that hot here i think it is like 65 right now i am from buffalo buffalo those chewing on a buffalo what is the best thing to run the dog a longboard always a longboard you have 3 birds yes one of them just flew into my backyard and his name is da new bird so yes 3 birds 3 dogs 0 the mystery the mystery animal kze does you 61 people are about a witness the mystery animal that kz has owned are you guys ready i hope you guys are ready because i am not ready so this is the setup okay this is not part of the setup this is outside the cage this is the setup for the homie hans 0 where is he at he is inside these dudes are nocturnal this dude is my leopard gecko and he is nocturnal so i should not really be doing this but this is for video purposes they are nice things he recently shed but he is a leopard he is a sun glow wrapped her head leopard gecko look at him just closing his eyes like it is a freaking tight is he is a beast is the cutest animal i own when he has his eyes opened at least he is slowly backing it up he is okay footage says he is going to find his ass he is going to find his way to the frickin other island already know him but let us leave the home alone that is the homie hanzo my 7th why are you running what do you want dude i do not have anything you are still look at him he is still shedding are you still shannon i love snakes and i have a snake i also have a snake if you would get another dog what would it be i do not think i would have owned another dog while krypto is still around cuz it is all got to be on of course honk repel krypto you are the only youtuber who replies we are on live what else can i say we are on live hung krypto i had 2 hamsters both of them died in the food bowl haha you should have had a snake use the brush i sam for shedding woo elisa yes you are very right lisa why are you running krypto why are you running i have no idea alright p hamp is i had 20 hamsters geez dude i have one rat and i could barely take that hunk repel what if what if it was a free purebred german shepherd would i take a german shepherd honestly i think i would i would take a german shepherd just so this dog could have a little playmate hunk ripped out and then the homie you guys already know who i do not really want to say his name because it is going to trigger him it is going to trigger him real bad but the homie would just completely love a german shepherd buddy as well i am from ireland and have a lab mix collie who can mush yass i have both hamster and a snake yes yes leslie you said his name settled damn good thing i do not have voice to text to speech even though i should really get that that is awesome i think that is all a twitch thing only maybe and i think you need to have obs youtube get with your damn live stream program dude what are you doing show your perry i had a green indian redneck he was like my brother but unfortunately he flew away he used to speak the homie fries are you talking about you just picked them are you talking about look he wants to shower will not take a shower go away take a shower this dude is probably like 8 months old let us put a disco with light on his ass i just use stream labs for a text to speech can you do that on youtube live that is my question to you my star i want to buy a chameleon 0 yes their eyes look like they are looking at some battle booty i would own a chameleon would you own a charmeleon de booty booty you want a booty you want a booty 0 my gosh i have trained him well what can i say and then all the dogs come i already showed the parrot the parrot is right here his name is fleas this phone is really dumb i focusing with the fence he is tripping out over the camera not sure why he is getting a little bit wild i need a tame has asked more but indian rednecks are known to be extremely stubborn but i need to tame this dude cuz i felt like if he does tricks that would be completely awesomeness what is mush mush is a dog pulling you how you like to mush you can ask this dog any question in any questionable question voice and he will just question it a pet rock i do not own 0 there is a bunch of pet rocks over there if that is what you are talking about willis dude the rat is looking for some beef dude what did you do come uncle boy this dogs a freaking hand if i just move my hand he will completely fall 0 man look at this 0 slow the slow approach i like it i have a jack russell she can pull me on bike when she sees a cat ha ha ha get her to pull you every time look at him dude kick his ass milo i know every time the rat does this he just goes milo just goes took krypto and then he just tries to beat him up krypto what is your biggest fear kryptos biggest fear the freaking the floaties that is his biggest fear the floaties like in the lake the he trips out over those whoa krypto mary i do not think he will get married i think he will smash you will most definitely smash in this whole lifetime but i do not think he will get married why do not you neuter your dogs because i heard it changes their their attitude and i do not really want that i want this dog to go completely wild every time he sees a damn cat i am not sure if that is true but i do not want to take the risk i do not really want to change his behavior i do not want to change his the way he looks and dogs that is how dogs are dogs are naturally horny you should not really try and stop that i used to have a budgie and knew how to talk but it let i let him go now he said his cat ate up 0 my gosh that is buddy my tax the same she is still crazy but she has she was fixed but i guess every dog is different i am a very good trainer for parents had teacher had teach one wild indian ring necked to do high 5s shake in 3 days 0 nice that is what i need for the homey man free that is the new bird screaming how old are all your dogs i just went over that that was what this video was about go ahead and re watch the video do not quote me do not frickin quote me the hell that was wrong with you the script they will have an oral hygiene routine oral hygiene routine he tongue punches deaf rubes that is about it it froze again no he never freezes my cockatiel flew in my backyard too now i have a little demon trying to bite me yeah that that that bird is completely wild he is a savage and he does not apply that is the bad thing he is a douche my cousin fixed his dog and now do not like doing nothing it just completely kills her testosterone so yeah i am pretty sure it will change a lot he will not be feeding and a little fiend is never bad this clip they are stolen the rod i have you tried giving him raw vegetables he does like vegetables but he is not anuradha anymore when is the name ervil call me daddy when is the face reveal when is the fascia bill i am pretty sure the next video i will be working on will be the half a shovel for 100000 subs and the giveaway so half face reveal is really soon that is the next video and full face reveal 0 it is not the next video i would not say so much but full face reveal is at 200000 subs so i am not sure when that is what food do you feed now what do you feed okay let us go check the food cuz i completely forgot the damn food i think it is i do not want to say what it is cuz i forgot there it is okay can i turn flash on i could 0 there it is here it is this is what i buy crypto right here pre arena one lamb and beef formula this is what i said that he there is 2 types and he always eats this 11st and he leaves the kibble and i feed him 3 of these every day all throughout the day so one in the morning one around 4 0 and the other one at night or like half at night i am not exactly sure how much that weighs and everything but shouts out the damn drift right man leave this as a flash i could just make night videos and everything my malum you loves lamb yeah lamb i need to try something nice turn off the flash does it make a difference just do his eyes go like a damn vampire crypto i think that is only an 8 my poodle loves chicken the rat loves chicken all all animals look freaking chicken i do not have anything dude crypto sit speak see it speak speak nope like you do not have treats sit down sit down need to go sorry thanks for joining us stay never why did you stop eating crypto raw cuz i was not feeding him the which he actually had to feed him there is a bunch of stuff you have to feed him and i was not feeding him correctly so i just stopped feeding it even though chicken raw chicken is not bad for them i would rather just have them eat one certain type of food and not too i am home alone freaking 7 cockatiels on the loose completely savage purina dog food sucks if the rat likes you yoma that is how i got to say how expensive house is where you live probably like 900000 how do you keep your bullet birds cool during summer heat if it is extremely hot of course i am not going to have them outside but it does not get too hot yes why do not you feed crypto taste of the wild i have heard that is a really good dog food i probably should look into different dog food honestly what do you recommend salinas or would you live somewhere else ideally salinas is extremely amazing it is an extremely salinas has everything you need it is nearby to everything it is close to a lot of things but if you could get out of salinas of course get out of salinas do your intro already did the intro in the beginning you were here you missed it what is the care for birds pretty much just feed them change their food and water every day that is about it have give them occasional occasional showers the homing nesbo completely hate showers the mist down i do miss this bird down and he loves it they are singing and talking yes well he is a seen they are just they are just whistling more did you get crypto i said it in the pre i said it previously but they originally gave us a female and i did not want a so i kept one of his pup or one of her puppies i gave the to my uncle what parrot do you prefer an african ringneck or a black palm cockatiel 0 the blacks look crazy but an african ringneck wait an african ringneck 0 no i will take the black palm i thought you talked about the the gray one well i forgot what it was called kz ii would rather fight one crypto size the read or tend the rats i screwed up damn that is a good one kz would you rather fight how do i do stuff to comment kz would you rather fight one crypto sized a rat that would be extremely disgusting 1st of all that would be like a beyond a super rat that would be a new york sewer rat so i think i might have to fight 10 the rat sized crypto is cuz that would be just extremely adorable it will look like i am just kicking you know poof so hair or something no the huge rat would be a menace to society you would not need to frickin survive that would be they would need to i would kill the rat honestly i would go for the rent the big sized rat just to do a freaking favor to everything and the sewers turtles i will buy no turtles if anything i would like to see northern california or chicago area northern california where is that at give crypto a belly rub okay here it comes 0 yeah 0 debra wants in order for one ting 0 my gosh dude he just completely took the hand over give the rat a hug you can not hug the rat i could pinch the rat the rat the rat does love his booty spanks that is a fact dude every time he is about to go into my dirty laundry 0 he is give him a good booty spank then he just hops right in would you rather have a parallel or budgie i have both in them sitting i would rather have a budgie buddies are adorable they are adorable put the rolly on the rat huh i need to make a video on with the rolly on and then like a gold shoelace just walk them around i felt like that video would be extremely awesome so yes rolly videos on the rat coming soon one of them of course we are going to have to take them to public places such as the mall which kze is known to have beef with them all hopefully i do not get knelt on and they ban me make the rat look like a gangster that is impossible dee adopt another dog would i adopt a dog with a ze adopt the dog if i was to adopt the dog i would honestly just adopt a female husky if she is not neutered coop that was just like completely rescue a freaking you know what guys i think for my 100000 video what that was in sub video i think what i am going to do is i am a freaking go to the pound go to the salinas pound and just donate like a bunch money like pie like 300 bucks start a freaking gofundme for them so i am a star gofundme where you guys could actually donate to them and we are going to give all the money to them with a bunch of blankets so i think that is going to go ahead and be the 100000 sub video forget celebrating work in a frickin give to the animal shelter because i feel like that is the right thing to do so 100000 viewed 100000 sub donation video will be soon get him get on my loan he is getting mad dude they are trying to take the battle for me the rash is like super freaking spice tea dude you guys do not even know the red honestly it is like we offset the offer how a connection guys does it look good i am currently on metro and i tested it out previous to this and it was like around 10 megabytes upload of the hood speed he is kidding hey studio rat get on my light will this be the 1st ever battle between the rat and fruit i do not think so i think in my honestly he just keeps bugging him can i take my husky to kryptos birthday party this birthday party is going to be extremely vip only just bought a for $20 dog i am going to go ahead and say it was a chihuahua do you like trump the president is just a freaking the president has absolutely no control over the u s it is just a damn figure it does not matter if obama or trump are in the tap are in the our president it is the same thing it is the exact same thing the kind of dog is in front of krypto this dog is along for chihuahua $10000 dog versus one dog dollar dog what do you get a female to rat look at him he is trying to get in i actually do have a girl for door at the the lady that sold me fries she is a breeder and she has a female but i am actually go ahead and hit her up actually because the rat babies that is a must honestly that right for president 2020 you guys know the rat he would not even do a thing dude he is just being his bed all day around video froze try refreezing is probably your despite the connection or something try a refreshing and not refreezing it haha i never freeze this is an orange tree that is right next to him when people say 0 your connection so bad i think it is freezing you guys are completely wrong i never played this crypto microchipped yes he is microchipped he has been microchip why do not you show your face i was sadly going to have to show my face and 200000 subs i do not know how i feel about that one is for you i do not know i do not want i do not know why i do not show my face i just never found the need for my face to be in a video since my videos have never been about me well i mean they are and they are above me but i do not know i just never want to show my face do you like logan paul i do not really watch this stuff how much does it cost to microchip a husky for like 30 bucks and it is the same i do not think it matters i do not think the dog breed matters i actually do need to change the number on his microchip so these guys know if i need a like if they could do that i am pretty sure they could right i need a freaking update that and as well as his chain number so i need a i need a update his registration as far as these dogs they are not microchipped these dogs i do not even know if a microchip fits inside the read honestly where will they shove it in through i am sorry it is traveling to another state easy with the dog if you are in a car if you are in a spacious car it probably would be easy you would just need a stop for them to go to the restroom you could you could always take them on a plane but traveling with the dog is always the dog is always going to be your main concern so it so it could always be pretty dangerous since you can not really focus on other stuff since you have a dog with you but it is really easy to travel with the dog that is really easy not the most convenient but it is easy have you ever been outside of america greetings from germany i go to mexico every other every other year so yes i go to mexico and that is pretty much yeah i have only been in mexico and cali do they have their shots krypto does since they made him take his shots these dogs i do not i think i do not really think they have their shots but shots they do not really matter you do not you do not really know what they are putting inside of them starlings do completely fine by themselves where is the homie he is probably at his house do you have a girlfriend i do not have a girlfriend where is nismo at and this boy is inside that cage but i am pretty sure this one is no no wait yeah this was such a do she is just looking at the floor where did the wreck there is man you guys are freaking more attentive than my ex dude is on now or diaz how old are you i am 21 years old do you follow go on the husky i do not follow anybody on my youtube channel okay that son las mujeres the salinas i what then see our no salinas girls salinas girls there is there is a lot of pretty salinas grows hola hermano hello hello is the free squeaking it that is him that is the one that is going like a freaking harambe they have really squeaky voices as far as is he talking yet no he is not really talking it i am pretty sure all those little things he does just practice so we could just say i never breathed ah one day he is just randomly going to say it do you speak spanish fluently yes i i took spanish one during college and i actually had a presentation on 4 20 so i went you know i was a good presentation do you have tattoos no kz he does not have any tattoos would i get a tattoo kinda yeah i would get a tattoo probably like on my chest and my arm high double a high double tattoo of course of course what is the huskies name that is repet 0 good do got to get back to class good luck with school man the homie fries trippin my crazy yeah the homie breeze is this heavy it sounds like we are in one up for life well kind of tat i have no idea that is why i do not have a tattoo because i would not know what to get creep has kryptonite ever been aggressive yeah he has been aggressive how much does a german shepherd cost a german shepherd probably around around here pile around $400 it sounds like a zoo i live in wakanda it is crypto your favorite dog yes he is my favorite dog the rat is my least favorite i am the 369th subscriber thank you for subscribing if you guys are not just subscribed go ahead and subscribe black panther was such a good movie and there is a lot of debates on the black panthers there is a lot of you know there is a lot of there is a lot of stuff that went on with black panther that was a crazy movie was it good it was pretty good it was nice and action ii man huskies over here cost $900 have you ever been to ireland no i have only been to mexico and california ireland that would be freakin awesome i will just let crypto off leash and let them run in the freaking mountains or something something irish you know do i know the netherlands no 1st place i would travel to out of country would probably be i will probably say canada canada seems like a nice place to go how often already said that huskies are $1200 here in german shepherds are like 2000 to 5000 jeez man there is dogs you could buy online that are already trained that cost that amount of money you could buy doberman online that are already freaking k 9 trained i do not know how these ship the part i do not ship em in a box but linton str fries go waa bladder no the homie fries you just got to keep repeating the words what is your name my name is daddy pmr am i think it is a m right now what time is it it is now it is p m it is 12 19 ugh jeez that is really sensational my puppy one was a puppy was $1000 i know the homie mauser was expensive he was expensive and he had a hospital bill so that dog do not we mauser shoutout the only mouser take crypto to alaska 0 yes i would go freaking fishing in alaska 0 i am running low battery guys i am on 9% battery life it is 20 to 19 in greece i do not i do not know roman numerals bro go to dominic dominican republic i would go to rio rio seems like a nice place just to see a bunch of random breezes just flying everywhere it sounds like a female did i make sound effects from my mouth what kind of bird would you recommend for the 1st time owner are you are they easy to look after what type of bird would i recommend 0 i mean every bird has a bunch of different characteristics but i would recommend cockatoos cockatiels are freaking friendly little birds so cockatiel go for a cockatiel go to the buy a video of krypto in dubai that is probably like the next freakin channel gold or something what is a good starting dog chihuahuas are pretty easy chihuahua 98000 a sub strong you are so close to 100 k i think that is going to be all that in in this video if you guys enjoyed this video do not get any that thumbs up subscribe	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PV9CvK2HusA
1,341.184563	[Music] hello and welcome to my career in data a podcast where we discuss with industry leaders and experts how they have built their careers I'm your host Shannon Kemp and today we're talking to Katrina Ingram from ethically aligned [Laughter] AI more and more companies are considering investing in data literacy education but still have questions about its value purpose and how to get the ball rolling introducing the newest monthly webinar series from dataversity elevating Enterprise data literacy where we discuss the landscape of data literacy and answer your burning questions learn more about this new series and register for free at dataversity Donnet hello and welcome my name is Shannon Kemp and I'm the chief digital officer at dataversity and this is my career in data a dataversity talks podcast dedicated to learning from those who have careers in data manag management to understand how they got there and to be talking with people who help make those careers a little bit easier to keep up to date in the latest in data management education go to dat divers city.net subscribe today we are joined by Katrina Ingram the founder and CEO of ethically aligned Ai and normally this is where a podcast host would read a short bio of the guest but in this podcast your bio is what we're here to talk about Katrina hello and welcome Hey Shannon how are you good how are you doing I am doing well looking forward to our chat me too so let's dive in um I love your background you are the founder and CEO of ethically aligned AI so tell me about the company yeah absolutely so there's a little bit of a backstory to this company um I actually did a midlife career pivot in 2017 so I went back to school and I started doing a master's degree in Communications and Technology at the University of Alberta and while I was there I encountered this topic of AI ethics so this is 2018 and I was really interested in this topic I just wanted to dig into it I spent all my time researching it and trying to understand how data scientists and machine learning experts were thinking about ethics were they even thinking about ethics um and so when I graduated in 2020 I really wanted to keep going in this field but I didn't really see any companies really focused on this issue so I decided to launch my own company in 2021 ethically aligned AI um we're a social Enterprise and uh we focus on helping organizations to build and deploy better more responsible AI Solutions and what that's looked like in the past couple of years is a lot of Education because people don't really know um how AI has been impacting them I think they're starting to get a sense of that now as we're kind of living through this you know AI hype cycle at the moment but a couple of years ago it wasn't really app parent so I did a lot of work in education a lot of training a lot of workshops and a lot of Consulting um and I'm really excited because we're embarking um on some new work in the realm of tools and some technologies that we're going to build to deliver a process to help with responsible AI so that's a little bit about me and the company and how we got started oh that's very cool and I'm excited to learn how uh you decided to make that make career shift but let's back it up as so um a little bit so tell me what you think what is your definition in a responsible AI the what's the focus there yeah it's really interesting so you can look at this from two different perspectives so the perspective that um first hit me was look at all the harmful things that are happening with AI so this is 2018 we're talking about facial recognition we're talking about AI gone wrong scenarios we were talking about all the ways in which AI was impacting people and causing really harmful outcomes discrimination bias unfairness of all kinds so that's kind of one way of framing it or you could look at it and go what are all the ways in which we could do better and be more responsible and more thoughtful in terms of how we're building these products so we can get to better outcomes and I do look at it both ways um sometimes it's helpful just to illustrate the ways in which harms are happening um so that you can get to that better outcome so that's really what responsible AI is all about um the practices the processes uh the tools that you need to get to these better outcomes oh very nice so um then how do you work with your customers what's your typical work week look like well we are a startup so every week is a little bit different um and I still have one foot in h Academia so for example this week I was marching a lot of papers I I taught a summer course um on AI ethics at the University so I was doing a lot of that um but on any given week I'm doing some business development I'm talking with new potential clients um I'm doing consulting work with existing clients I'm putting together training courses um I spend a lot of time reading because this field is um it's just happening so rapidly everything is changing and in flux so I really feel the need to be really up on the latest research and the latest things that are going on so I do a lot of reading um and then I I do some media engagements things like this podcast for example so that's kind of a it's a nice mix it's a whole bunch of different things that I'll do in a week sure sure absolutely so so tell me then Katrina was this the dream so like say you were six years old and was this the dream when I grow up I want to be a founder and CEO of a company that promotes responsible Ai No nowhere close um I want to be a fashion designer that was kind of my first Dream yeah yeah and then the adults they kind of come in and they're like are you sure you really want to do that and um and so I didn't pursue that actually wound up in business school instead um studying to be a marketer so it it was kind of like you know this reality uh check on on the dream but I I think in hindsight I probably gave up on that a little too soon um but the other thing yeah the other thing I wanted to do is write I I really want to be a writer um and I kind of feel like I'm closer to that because I'm doing a lot of writing I do writing for my blog I write my courses I write speeches so I maybe like closer to that dream um but yeah the idea of AI I mean that was just not even in the you know in the consideration set at all oh interesting so you went into study business then so what why did you pursue that and and where did that lead you where did you start what' you end up majoring in yeah I'll I'll tell you the the journey that you get here um it's really weird I think probably a lot of people think they have a really like circuitous career journey I know I did I 100% know that's true so yeah so I started in business school um and to get my creative fixed I thought I'll major in marketing that'll be my thing um so I started out um when I graduated I went to work at an ad agency so this is um in the 90s and I didn't love it it was a little Cutthroat it a little nelrose place if you remember that TV show people were kind of like that and I was a little bit that wasn't me I I couldn't you know step on other people or do any of that so um anyways I found my way into the the technology space um working at a company called Crystal decisions and that might be a name that's familiar to some of the audience because we made Crystal Reports which is the big reporting software um of the of the time anyways and um we were in the bi space um and I was doing marketing and some of it was really interesting but honestly it wasn't quite creative enough I didn't quite feel like it was my thing and on my way to work every day I used to walk past the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation building the CBC um and and I thought you know wouldn't it be fun to work in broadcasting it' be so cool so um one day I quit my job and I I applied at the CBC and I started working in radio and I loved it it was it was great um and then that led to other um career opportunities to manage a radio station here in Alberta where I'm from so I managed an indie music station called ckua radio um and it was super fun um and that's kind of where I stayed until that 2017 moment where I decided I was going to Pivot and go back to school um so in a weird way like I'm back in technology again but with a completely different slant on on everything sure oh that's so fascinating how fun to work for uh you know radio I've always envisioned in in some kind of radio career if in some other dimension past life of mine it's a fun place especially in radio it's kind of like um that old TV show W krp where you have all these weird characters and you're just trying to like get them you know organized they kind of felt like it was hurting cats on any given day I'm sure so you know um so you went back into technology you know and so when you started school again you know what what was the intent there what was the uh um the the really the drive the passion that you started of classes you started signing up for yeah well to be totally honest Shannon I was you know I was feeling a bit lost at that point because what was going on for me is I I was watching media blow up in some ways so a lot of the challenges with media which have to do with technology because technology came in and it kind of undercut the business model for a lot of media organizations and we see that especially with news um printed newspapers being kind of the biggest example and while I was a little bit um insulated from that I had a lot of friends working in media and I I really had this moment where I thought do I want to keep going in this field or do I want to try some new things and I honestly didn't know what those new things were so this degree sounded interesting and I thought I'll go and work it out and figure out what I want to do next so it wasn't super intentional in in the sense of I want to go and retrain to be X it was a little bit more halfhazard um and accidental and just kind of I I I'm going to try this I'm going to see what emerges from this process um and and good things did emerge from it so so that was really how it all worked out How brave I love that that is so Brave and Bold and just way to follow your your instincts and doing what you needed to do for you and and take a chance so oh I love that with a robust catalog of courses offered on demand and industry-leading live online sessions throughout the year the data Verity Training Center is your Launchpad for Career Success browse the complete catalog at training. dataversity Donnet and use code DV talks for 20% off your purchase so what was your biggest lesson then so far in in your career yeah I think it's this idea we're told at a young age that we're gonna have this really linear career path like we're going to go into something we're going to climb the ladder we're going to get to you know the top of that ladder and it's all going to be super linear and so my biggest lesson has been it's it's not really like that and that's okay um and in fact I recently I love this quote I love Malcolm Gladwell and he said uh this quote he said it's a risk not to change careers and I'm like that's fantastic I I feel really validated when I do something like that so so that's kind of like my big you know maybe life lesson and then the other thing I'll add like as an entrepreneur the other really big piece of advice that I got is to say yes to Opportunities um you may not always always know exactly how you're going to accomplish that goal but there's something about stepping out there and saying yes and then figuring it out as you go that I think is really essential to the journey of being an entrepreneur and being bold about things and so that's something that I think about a lot too because sometimes it feels like risky like I don't know how I'm going to do this but you know what I'm gonna sign up and say yes and I I feel confident I can figure it out ah so true so Bri you know part of why we uh started this podcast is because you know I to grew up you know believing that my that career path would be so linear and especially in data you know there um for for anybody older than Jen Z I think you know it wasn't a a was there wasn't really a you know a college degree there wasn't a you know data was just this kind of obscure thing out on the edges so nobody in data management really had a straight path to it it's just everyone just kind of stumbled into it you know and it's so true and it's so fun to explore and hear how people have explored to find their their path and their niche in data yeah absolutely I'm even just um thinking about your the title data Verity and I'm thinking about diversity and data and all these diverse people coming together and I love that yeah it's funny um in fact uh when I'm doing a webinar you know people turn on the transcript which is AI you know uh based right uh to and then the transcript never gets data versity right and it always translates to diversity oh my goodness well you know progress getting there so so tell me now so now what's your definition of data yeah um I'm GNA answer that question I'm going to try something here we're going to do a little experiment if you're up for it Shannon oh yes I am okay so here's the experiment so um everyone uh listening and those of us here on the podcast we all have heartbeats I hope we all have heartbeats because we don't we have a we have bigger problems here so my question is is your heartbeat data let's just like pause for a second and consider that is your heartbeat data so if we think about that we can think about that the idea that a heartbeat has the potential Tob data and I don't know Shannon are you wearing Fitbit at all I have my Apple watch oh you have your Apple watch okay good so you are probably rendering something your heartbeat perhaps into Data you're turning it into data and those of you out there listening who have a Fitbit or an Apple Watch you're doing the same thing so we think about data as as this thing that we can capture so there's lots of different um things that can be represented so I always think of data as a representation of a phenomenon it's kind of a snapshot of something and it's linked to this idea of being able to capture something and what's happening right now is we have more and more ways of capturing things so we have more and more ways of turning things into Data that we could never really turn into Data before and we have ways to store those things and we have ways to leverage those things into new you know analytics and so forth and so that's part of how I think of data um and then the other piece that I think of is um this idea of data as an assemblage so it's not just the output it's not just like the heartbeat number for me it's that whole process of what we've done so we captured it we're using it in certain ways we've made decisions to even collect it as data and so as an ethesis what I do is I look at all that context and I I look at the ethical questions that might come with that so that's kind of a way of how I think about data and um and kind of what it means to me as a data episod oh I love that perspective and it's so true and I do I do love my fitness data I do we were I was at a um at a conference recently and there was a yoga class offered and the g next to me I'm like oh I forgot to start my my watch and she's like oh yeah me too she's like it doesn't count unless we capture the data well so funny so I'm like a huge Orange Theory um Enthusiast and some people are like well what do you mean like aren't you the one who's all about privacy and ethics and all I am but I'm like but it's useful to me because I you know I can see what I'm doing in terms of my workout and where I'm going and so it's kind of serving me in that moment and so yeah I'm I'm big on the the Health Data as well yeah I love it that's the fun thing about data right it's in everything and everywhere and and we get to work with it in so many exciting ways that benefit us yeah um so tell me Katrina do you see the importance then of data management and the number of jobs working with data increasing or decreasing over the next 10 years and why yeah it's it's so vital um you know when we think about data data is everywhere and every company is becoming a technology company so we used to think of tech companies as like Microsoft or apple and yeah those are tech companies but increasingly what we're seeing is your grocery store is becoming a tech company the car company is becoming a check company it's all about data data is really at the heart of all of that and so data is everywhere and data is um part of everyone's job whether you recognize that or not and so this idea of really understanding like being uh data literate understanding data governance understanding data management like it's incredibly important understanding ethics as well all like super important to pretty much any um kind of job that you're going to have now and in the future H very true so what advice then would you give to people who are looking to get into a career in data yeah um there's so much to learn about data I mean it's such a fascinating topic obviously there's great podcasts like this and all of the great resources on data Verity so I highly recommend all of that you got some fantastic guests like some real Heavy Hitters on when I looked at who's who's who of data Laura Sebastian Coleman Peter raiken they've all been on this podcast so there's some really great people to follow um I also love the G community so um DEA is the the data management Community um they have this massive book um which is their body of knowledge and um I spent some really um good time with uh my local dma group going through that book um and it was fun because they doing it as a group project and you're like yeah helping each other out and and that and also building community at the same time so I I think get connected to community that would be part of my advice um and then I I think also sometimes it can feel intimidating if you're especially if you're thinking oh this is the career pivot or something different but there's ways to add data to whatever you're doing right now so if you're an educator um you have an education background like myself you can help to you learn about data and teach data courses if you're a lawyer maybe you can pivot into privacy and data like there's ways to kind of add data to a career that you already have if that's what you're doing so there's lots of different opportunities oh such great advice I love that so and and Katrina I I'm curious I'm so curious to like what's the number one like advice as an that you give to your customers about being responsible with AI you know what is the the core of being uh ethical yeah and responsible I mean really ethics a lot of Ethics is about being really thoughtful and intentional about your process so I think um number one if you're wanting to be responsible that's a fantastic start you're you're starting out you want to do something positive um I think you can look at everything um holistically so sometimes it's really tempting just to look at uh the solution but you should look at the problem that you're trying to solve before you kind of jump to the solution and then sort of figure out what's going on here and from an ethic standpoint what makes sense as a solution who might be impacted so start really thinking holistically about um how you're approaching things um and then just try and iterate and do better next time I think that you know sometimes people get intimidated and they think I have to have everything perfect the first time out um I try to encourage people but that's not necessarily the case what it's about is trying to build up a capacity for ethical thinking and responsible AI in your company and then just kind of building on that and iterating so that's really what I encourage people to do very nice and if somebody wanted to reach out to and solicit your services how would they find you sure well um there's lots of information on my website ethically aligned ai.com I'm also on LinkedIn a lot so you can find me there it's another good place um yeah those are probably the two main sources oh this has been so great uh Katrina thank you so much for joining us today well thanks so much for the invite it's been a lot of fun it's been a great fun so I'm I'm really excited to watch what you do and because it's I think this topic is just getting bigger and bigger and better uh and more important it's so important right now with all the generative Ai and everything else out there so thank you for taking this on champ well and to all of our listeners out there if you'd like to keep up to date in the latest in podcast and in the latest in data management education you may go to daters city.net subscribe until next time and stay curious everyone thank you for listening to dataversity talks a podcast brought to you by dataversity subscribe to our newsletter for podcast updates and information about our free educational webinars at day diversity. Nets [Laughter] subscribe	hello and welcome to my career in data a podcast where we discuss with industry leaders and experts how they have built their careers i am your host shannon kemp and today we are talking to katrina ingram from ethically aligned ai more and more companies are considering investing in data literacy education but still have questions about its value purpose and how to get the ball rolling introducing the newest monthly webinar series from dataversity elevating enterprise data literacy where we discuss the landscape of data literacy and answer your burning questions learn more about this new series and register for free at dataversity donnet hello and welcome my name is shannon kemp and i am the chief digital officer at dataversity and this is my career in data a dataversity talks podcast dedicated to learning from those who have careers in data manag management to understand how they got there and to be talking with people who help make those careers a little bit easier to keep up to date in the latest in data management education go to dat divers city net subscribe today we are joined by katrina ingram the founder and ceo of ethically aligned ai and normally this is where a podcast host would read a short bio of the guest but in this podcast your bio is what we are here to talk about katrina hello and welcome hey shannon how are you good how are you doing i am doing well looking forward to our chat me too so let us dive in i love your background you are the founder and ceo of ethically aligned ai so tell me about the company yeah absolutely so there is a little bit of a backstory to this company i actually did a midlife career pivot in 2017 so i went back to school and i started doing a master is degree in communications and technology at the university of alberta and while i was there i encountered this topic of ai ethics so this is 2018 and i was really interested in this topic i just wanted to dig into it i spent all my time researching it and trying to understand how data scientists and machine learning experts were thinking about ethics were they even thinking about ethics and so when i graduated in 2020 i really wanted to keep going in this field but i did not really see any companies really focused on this issue so i decided to launch my own company in 2021 ethically aligned ai we are a social enterprise and we focus on helping organizations to build and deploy better more responsible ai solutions and what that is looked like in the past couple of years is a lot of education because people do not really know how ai has been impacting them i think they are starting to get a sense of that now as we are kind of living through this you know ai hype cycle at the moment but a couple of years ago it was not really app parent so i did a lot of work in education a lot of training a lot of workshops and a lot of consulting and i am really excited because we are embarking on some new work in the realm of tools and some technologies that we are going to build to deliver a process to help with responsible ai so that is a little bit about me and the company and how we got started 0 that is very cool and i am excited to learn how you decided to make that make career shift but let us back it up as so a little bit so tell me what you think what is your definition in a responsible ai the what is the focus there yeah it is really interesting so you can look at this from 2 different perspectives so the perspective that 1st hit me was look at all the harmful things that are happening with ai so this is 2018 we are talking about facial recognition we are talking about ai gone wrong scenarios we were talking about all the ways in which ai was impacting people and causing really harmful outcomes discrimination bias unfairness of all kinds so that is kind of one way of framing it or you could look at it and go what are all the ways in which we could do better and be more responsible and more thoughtful in terms of how we are building these products so we can get to better outcomes and i do look at it both ways sometimes it is helpful just to illustrate the ways in which harms are happening so that you can get to that better outcome so that is really what responsible ai is all about the practices the processes the tools that you need to get to these better outcomes 0 very nice so then how do you work with your customers what is your typical work week look like well we are a startup so every week is a little bit different and i still have one foot in h academia so for example this week i was marching a lot of papers i i taught a summer course on ai ethics at the university so i was doing a lot of that but on any given week i am doing some business development i am talking with new potential clients i am doing consulting work with existing clients i am putting together training courses i spend a lot of time reading because this field is it is just happening so rapidly everything is changing and in flux so i really feel the need to be really up on the latest research and the latest things that are going on so i do a lot of reading and then i i do some media engagements things like this podcast for example so that is kind of a it is a nice mix it is a whole bunch of different things that i will do in a week sure sure absolutely so so tell me then katrina was this the dream so like say you were 6 years old and was this the dream when i grow up i want to be a founder and ceo of a company that promotes responsible ai no nowhere close i want to be a fashion designer that was kind of my 1st dream yeah yeah and then the adults they kind of come in and they are like are you sure you really want to do that and and so i did not pursue that actually wound up in business school instead studying to be a marketer so it it was kind of like you know this reality check on on the dream but i i think in hindsight i probably gave up on that a little too soon but the other thing yeah the other thing i wanted to do is write i i really want to be a writer and i kind of feel like i am closer to that because i am doing a lot of writing i do writing for my blog i write my courses i write speeches so i maybe like closer to that dream but yeah the idea of ai i mean that was just not even in the you know in the consideration set at all 0 interesting so you went into study business then so what why did you pursue that and and where did that lead you where did you start what you end up majoring in yeah i will i will tell you the the journey that you get here it is really weird i think probably a lot of people think they have a really like circuitous career journey i know i did i 100% know that is true so yeah so i started in business school and to get my creative fixed i thought i will major in marketing that will be my thing so i started out when i graduated i went to work at an ad agency so this is in the 90s and i did not love it it was a little cutthroat it a little nelrose place if you remember that tv show people were kind of like that and i was a little bit that was not me i i could not you know step on other people or do any of that so anyways i found my way into the the technology space working at a company called crystal decisions and that might be a name that is familiar to some of the audience because we made crystal reports which is the big reporting software of the of the time anyways and we were in the bi space and i was doing marketing and some of it was really interesting but honestly it was not quite creative enough i did not quite feel like it was my thing and on my way to work every day i used to walk past the canadian broadcasting corporation building the cbc and and i thought you know would not it be fun to work in broadcasting it be so cool so one day i quit my job and i i applied at the cbc and i started working in radio and i loved it it was it was great and then that led to other career opportunities to manage a radio station here in alberta where i am from so i managed an indie music station called ckua radio and it was super fun and that is kind of where i stayed until that 2017 moment where i decided i was going to pivot and go back to school so in a weird way like i am back in technology again but with a completely different slant on on everything sure 0 that is so fascinating how fun to work for you know radio i have always envisioned in in some kind of radio career if in some other dimension past life of mine it is a fun place especially in radio it is kind of like that old tv show w krp where you have all these weird characters and you are just trying to like get them you know organized they kind of felt like it was hurting cats on any given day i am sure so you know so you went back into technology you know and so when you started school again you know what what was the intent there what was the the the really the drive the passion that you started of classes you started signing up for yeah well to be totally honest shannon i was you know i was feeling a bit lost at that point because what was going on for me is i i was watching media blow up in some ways so a lot of the challenges with media which have to do with technology because technology came in and it kind of undercut the business model for a lot of media organizations and we see that especially with news printed newspapers being kind of the biggest example and while i was a little bit insulated from that i had a lot of friends working in media and i i really had this moment where i thought do i want to keep going in this field or do i want to try some new things and i honestly did not know what those new things were so this degree sounded interesting and i thought i will go and work it out and figure out what i want to do next so it was not super intentional in in the sense of i want to go and retrain to be x it was a little bit more halfhazard and accidental and just kind of i i i am going to try this i am going to see what emerges from this process and and good things did emerge from it so so that was really how it all worked out how brave i love that that is so brave and bold and just way to follow your your instincts and doing what you needed to do for you and and take a chance so 0 i love that with a robust catalog of courses offered on demand and industry leading live online sessions throughout the year the data verity training center is your launchpad for career success browse the complete catalog at training dataversity donnet and use code dv talks for 20% off your purchase so what was your biggest lesson then so far in in your career yeah i think it is this idea we are told at a young age that we are going to have this really linear career path like we are going to go into something we are going to climb the ladder we are going to get to you know the top of that ladder and it is all going to be super linear and so my biggest lesson has been it is it is not really like that and that is okay and in fact i recently i love this quote i love malcolm gladwell and he said this quote he said it is a risk not to change careers and i am like that is fantastic i i feel really validated when i do something like that so so that is kind of like my big you know maybe life lesson and then the other thing i will add like as an entrepreneur the other really big piece of advice that i got is to say yes to opportunities you may not always always know exactly how you are going to accomplish that goal but there is something about stepping out there and saying yes and then figuring it out as you go that i think is really essential to the journey of being an entrepreneur and being bold about things and so that is something that i think about a lot too because sometimes it feels like risky like i do not know how i am going to do this but you know what i am going to sign up and say yes and i i feel confident i can figure it out ah so true so bri you know part of why we started this podcast is because you know i to grew up you know believing that my that career path would be so linear and especially in data you know there for for anybody older than jen z i think you know it was not a a was there was not really a you know a college degree there was not a you know data was just this kind of obscure thing out on the edges so nobody in data management really had a straight path to it it is just everyone just kind of stumbled into it you know and it is so true and it is so fun to explore and hear how people have explored to find their their path and their niche in data yeah absolutely i am even just thinking about your the title data verity and i am thinking about diversity and data and all these diverse people coming together and i love that yeah it is funny in fact when i am doing a webinar you know people turn on the transcript which is ai you know based right to and then the transcript never gets data versity right and it always translates to diversity 0 my goodness well you know progress getting there so so tell me now so now what is your definition of data yeah i am gna answer that question i am going to try something here we are going to do a little experiment if you are up for it shannon 0 yes i am okay so here is the experiment so everyone listening and those of us here on the podcast we all have heartbeats i hope we all have heartbeats because we do not we have a we have bigger problems here so my question is is your heartbeat data let us just like pause for a 2nd and consider that is your heartbeat data so if we think about that we can think about that the idea that a heartbeat has the potential tob data and i do not know shannon are you wearing fitbit at all i have my apple watch 0 you have your apple watch okay good so you are probably rendering something your heartbeat perhaps into data you are turning it into data and those of you out there listening who have a fitbit or an apple watch you are doing the same thing so we think about data as as this thing that we can capture so there is lots of different things that can be represented so i always think of data as a representation of a phenomenon it is kind of a snapshot of something and it is linked to this idea of being able to capture something and what is happening right now is we have more and more ways of capturing things so we have more and more ways of turning things into data that we could never really turn into data before and we have ways to store those things and we have ways to leverage those things into new you know analytics and so forth and so that is part of how i think of data and then the other piece that i think of is this idea of data as an assemblage so it is not just the output it is not just like the heartbeat number for me it is that whole process of what we have done so we captured it we are using it in certain ways we have made decisions to even collect it as data and so as an ethesis what i do is i look at all that context and i i look at the ethical questions that might come with that so that is kind of a way of how i think about data and and kind of what it means to me as a data episod 0 i love that perspective and it is so true and i do i do love my fitness data i do we were i was at a at a conference recently and there was a yoga class offered and the g next to me i am like 0 i forgot to start my my watch and she is like 0 yeah me too she is like it does not count unless we capture the data well so funny so i am like a huge orange theory enthusiast and some people are like well what do you mean like are not you the one who is all about privacy and ethics and all i am but i am like but it is useful to me because i you know i can see what i am doing in terms of my workout and where i am going and so it is kind of serving me in that moment and so yeah i am i am big on the the health data as well yeah i love it that is the fun thing about data right it is in everything and everywhere and and we get to work with it in so many exciting ways that benefit us yeah so tell me katrina do you see the importance then of data management and the number of jobs working with data increasing or decreasing over the next 10 years and why yeah it is it is so vital you know when we think about data data is everywhere and every company is becoming a technology company so we used to think of tech companies as like microsoft or apple and yeah those are tech companies but increasingly what we are seeing is your grocery store is becoming a tech company the car company is becoming a check company it is all about data data is really at the heart of all of that and so data is everywhere and data is part of everyone is job whether you recognize that or not and so this idea of really understanding like being data literate understanding data governance understanding data management like it is incredibly important understanding ethics as well all like super important to pretty much any kind of job that you are going to have now and in the future h very true so what advice then would you give to people who are looking to get into a career in data yeah there is so much to learn about data i mean it is such a fascinating topic obviously there is great podcasts like this and all of the great resources on data verity so i highly recommend all of that you got some fantastic guests like some real heavy hitters on when i looked at who is who is who of data laura sebastian coleman peter raiken they have all been on this podcast so there is some really great people to follow i also love the g community so dea is the the data management community they have this massive book which is their body of knowledge and i spent some really good time with my local dma group going through that book and it was fun because they doing it as a group project and you are like yeah helping each other out and and that and also building community at the same time so i i think get connected to community that would be part of my advice and then i i think also sometimes it can feel intimidating if you are especially if you are thinking 0 this is the career pivot or something different but there is ways to add data to whatever you are doing right now so if you are an educator you have an education background like myself you can help to you learn about data and teach data courses if you are a lawyer maybe you can pivot into privacy and data like there is ways to kind of add data to a career that you already have if that is what you are doing so there is lots of different opportunities 0 such great advice i love that so and and katrina i i am curious i am so curious to like what is the number one like advice as an that you give to your customers about being responsible with ai you know what is the the core of being ethical yeah and responsible i mean really ethics a lot of ethics is about being really thoughtful and intentional about your process so i think number one if you are wanting to be responsible that is a fantastic start you are you are starting out you want to do something positive i think you can look at everything holistically so sometimes it is really tempting just to look at the solution but you should look at the problem that you are trying to solve before you kind of jump to the solution and then sort of figure out what is going on here and from an ethic standpoint what makes sense as a solution who might be impacted so start really thinking holistically about how you are approaching things and then just try and iterate and do better next time i think that you know sometimes people get intimidated and they think i have to have everything perfect the 1st time out i try to encourage people but that is not necessarily the case what it is about is trying to build up a capacity for ethical thinking and responsible ai in your company and then just kind of building on that and iterating so that is really what i encourage people to do very nice and if somebody wanted to reach out to and solicit your services how would they find you sure well there is lots of information on my website ethically aligned ai com i am also on linkedin a lot so you can find me there it is another good place yeah those are probably the 2 main sources 0 this has been so great katrina thank you so much for joining us today well thanks so much for the invite it has been a lot of fun it has been a great fun so i am i am really excited to watch what you do and because it is i think this topic is just getting bigger and bigger and better and more important it is so important right now with all the generative ai and everything else out there so thank you for taking this on champ well and to all of our listeners out there if you would like to keep up to date in the latest in podcast and in the latest in data management education you may go to daters city net subscribe until next time and stay curious everyone thank you for listening to dataversity talks a podcast brought to you by dataversity subscribe to our newsletter for podcast updates and information about our free educational webinars at day diversity nets subscribe	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IuXC0NqbCog
237.400813	Hey there, welcome to our AI video adventure! Get ready to dive into the world of AI and its impact on education, discovering its upsides and downsides along the way. We'll also chat about how you can shape your own take on AI in education, creativity, and productivity. Secondly, we will discuss who to talk to and where to look for AI policies in your courses, and why these rules matter in education. By the end of this video you will be able to: Describe what AI is and some of the pitfalls and benefits that come with its use in the education space. Generate your own moral framework around the use of AI in spaces such as education, creative domains, and productivity. And finally, identify whom to contact and where to look for class policies for AI usage in courses, understanding the importance of these policies in education. Before we get started what is AI exactly? Britannica describes Artificial Intelligence as “the ability of a digital computer or computer-controlled robot to perform tasks commonly associated with intelligent beings.” AI is used in a variety of instances such as self-driving cars, Large language models like ChatGPT, virtual assistants like Alexa and Siri, and other areas of everyday life. What comes up when you search AI: Some pitfalls outlined on Forbes.com, a business news outlet, outlines some pitfalls with AI being: copyright infringement, plagiarism in education, loss of jobs, bias in AI learning, privacy concerns, and other issues. On the other hand, Forbes also outlines some benefits such as: productivity increases and more efficient workflows, getting quick feedback leading to faster iteration, efficiently process data, reducing human error, and more ways of implementation. AI is everywhere and can already be found in work forces such as healthcare, cybersecurity, finance, manufacturing, marketing and many others. What does this mean for you as a student? In some classes or assignments it might be ok to use AI. Some may encourage it, but some may also have it clearly stated to not use AI in the course. It is in your best interest to follow these policies for your classes. Breaking policies around AI use or plagiarism can lead to consequences of academic dishonesty. Outside of school it might help you be more productive or you might find it goes against your own values and beliefs to support AI. Who is affected by AI in your different life roles? As a student your decisions may affect instructors, fellow students, or future employers. As a partner, mother, father, friend, caretaker, or other roles you might have, your choices will affect those close to you. Does this have any effect or contribution to your thoughts around AI? You hold the power to shape your own ethical framework around AI, both in the realm of education and in your personal endeavors. It is imperative that you discern the appropriate contexts for AI implementation and understand the significance of adhering to ethical guidelines in these domains. So, what do you think? Take a moment and consider, what is your moral position of AI in education? What about your moral position of AI in your personal life? Let’s find out how you can identify where your classes policy around AI use in school is! As a student you will want to know where to find these policies around AI! find these policies around AI! Check your class syllabus. Open up a conversation with your instructors. Or check your school’s website for policy around academic dishonesty, cheating, plagiarism, or AI specifically. That's it! You are now equipped with the necessary knowledge and understanding to approach the integration of AI in your educational journey with an informed and ethical mindset.	hey there welcome to our ai video adventure get ready to dive into the world of ai and its impact on education discovering its upsides and downsides along the way we will also chat about how you can shape your own take on ai in education creativity and productivity secondly we will discuss who to talk to and where to look for ai policies in your courses and why these rules matter in education by the end of this video you will be able to describe what ai is and some of the pitfalls and benefits that come with its use in the education space generate your own moral framework around the use of ai in spaces such as education creative domains and productivity and finally identify whom to contact and where to look for class policies for ai usage in courses understanding the importance of these policies in education before we get started what is ai exactly britannica describes artificial intelligence as the ability of a digital computer or computer controlled robot to perform tasks commonly associated with intelligent beings ai is used in a variety of instances such as self driving cars large language models like chatgpt virtual assistants like alexa and siri and other areas of everyday life what comes up when you search ai some pitfalls outlined on forbes com a business news outlet outlines some pitfalls with ai being copyright infringement plagiarism in education loss of jobs bias in ai learning privacy concerns and other issues on the other hand forbes also outlines some benefits such as productivity increases and more efficient workflows getting quick feedback leading to faster iteration efficiently process data reducing human error and more ways of implementation ai is everywhere and can already be found in work forces such as healthcare cybersecurity finance manufacturing marketing and many others what does this mean for you as a student in some classes or assignments it might be ok to use ai some may encourage it but some may also have it clearly stated to not use ai in the course it is in your best interest to follow these policies for your classes breaking policies around ai use or plagiarism can lead to consequences of academic dishonesty outside of school it might help you be more productive or you might find it goes against your own values and beliefs to support ai who is affected by ai in your different life roles as a student your decisions may affect instructors fellow students or future employers as a partner mother father friend caretaker or other roles you might have your choices will affect those close to you does this have any effect or contribution to your thoughts around ai you hold the power to shape your own ethical framework around ai both in the realm of education and in your personal endeavors it is imperative that you discern the appropriate contexts for ai implementation and understand the significance of adhering to ethical guidelines in these domains so what do you think take a moment and consider what is your moral position of ai in education what about your moral position of ai in your personal life let s find out how you can identify where your classes policy around ai use in school is as a student you will want to know where to find these policies around ai find these policies around ai check your class syllabus open up a conversation with your instructors or check your school s website for policy around academic dishonesty cheating plagiarism or ai specifically that is it you are now equipped with the necessary knowledge and understanding to approach the integration of ai in your educational journey with an informed and ethical mindset	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZVUaOfHqGck
247.10675	when you hey babe do you saw my history notebook yeah it's right next to me hey should you see Kevin is friends with his dad on Facebook the day my father gets on Facebook is the day I get off Facebook actually 63% of fathers who have a child between the ages of 12 and 17 use social networking sites seriously my parents don't have facebook thank God in 2012 66% of all parents who have a child between the ages of 12 and 17 say they use a social networking site up from 58% in 2011 Jake honey don't be late and don't leave your plate for me to clean up I've got to get tore hmm and Rick from the office made me a my face account so accept my friend request Jake take you there so what did you do did you accept her yeah I mean I had to she got all weird and annoyed at first when I denied it but I just accepted a friend request anyway I mean I don't even know what to do I don't want my mom on Facebook seeing everything I do and say but uh it's annoying I'm probably only kid in the world with their mom on Facebook actually sixty-nine percent of mothers who have a child between the ages of twelve and seventeen used social networking sites if my parents saw what I did on Facebook it would be the end of me yeah oh my god you should totally do what Marcy did Oh Marcy what did Marcy do she had this Facebook page with like eight friends and that's the one her mom was friends with and then she had the Facebook page with 800 friends and her mom didn't even know about that one I don't want to do it that seems sneaky and desperate I mean really what can my mom possibly do on Facebook that would be a problem half of parents who use social media say they have commented on something that was posted to their child's profile mom ma mom where are you mom Jake why are you going I'm in my living room are you serious are you kidding me what's your problem Jake calm down what's the problem the picture you post on Facebook of me naked oh but it's so adorable listen I love that picture no once I'm naked but the hush Jake it's a baby photo and it's from so many years ago and plus nobody could see your your stuff and anyway it's just a first picture I'm making you a whole album for your page	when you hey babe do you saw my history notebook yeah it is right next to me hey should you see kevin is friends with his dad on facebook the day my father gets on facebook is the day i get off facebook actually 63% of fathers who have a child between the ages of 12 and 17 use social networking sites seriously my parents do not have facebook thank god in 2012 66% of all parents who have a child between the ages of 12 and 17 say they use a social networking site up from 58% in 2011 jake honey do not be late and do not leave your plate for me to clean up i have got to get tore and rick from the office made me a my face account so accept my friend request jake take you there so what did you do did you accept her yeah i mean i had to she got all weird and annoyed at 1st when i denied it but i just accepted a friend request anyway i mean i do not even know what to do i do not want my mom on facebook seeing everything i do and say but it is annoying i am probably only kid in the world with their mom on facebook actually 69% of mothers who have a child between the ages of 12 and 17 used social networking sites if my parents saw what i did on facebook it would be the end of me yeah 0 my god you should totally do what marcy did 0 marcy what did marcy do she had this facebook page with like 8 friends and that is the one her mom was friends with and then she had the facebook page with 800 friends and her mom did not even know about that one i do not want to do it that seems sneaky and desperate i mean really what can my mom possibly do on facebook that would be a problem half of parents who use social media say they have commented on something that was posted to their child is profile mom ma mom where are you mom jake why are you going i am in my living room are you serious are you kidding me what is your problem jake calm down what is the problem the picture you post on facebook of me naked 0 but it is so adorable listen i love that picture no once i am naked but the hush jake it is a baby photo and it is from so many years ago and plus nobody could see your your stuff and anyway it is just a 1st picture i am making you a whole album for your page	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ye3vZJmdqpM
128.545688	[Music] Jennifer Hudson and Celine Dion were among the superstar singers who took part in the Aretha Franklin tribute Aretha a Grammy celebration for the Queen of Soul which was slated to air on CBS Sunday evening Alicia Keys John Legend and Kelly Clarkson were other musical stars on hand to pay tribute to the late Queen of Soul and the Tyler Perry hosted ceremony in addition to legends such as Smokey Robinson and Patti LaBelle and Hollywood standouts Angela Bassett and Courtney B Vance the concert was filmed in front of 5,500 people January 13th at the Shrine Auditorium in Los Angeles less than five months after Franklin's death at 76 on August 19th following a battle with pancreatic cancer veteran producer Clive Davis one of the show's producers said in December that this unique concert featuring many of today's greatest artists will celebrate Aretha in a spectacular manner befitting her once-in-a-lifetime talent Davis had originally devised the show as a tribute to Franklin while she was alive and it would have been held in New York City according to the Detroit Free Press host Perry told the paper that the only thing she would have regretted is not being up there to out sing everybody and show them how it really goes in our lifetime there will never be another voice like her who knows if there will ever be another woman who will endure as much as she did to sing the way she did and conquer every genre of music it's the latest in a series of memorials for the late respect singer whose August 31st funeral and Detroit featured performances from Hudson Stevie Wonder and ariana grande Franklin was also honored in segments at the Grammys Oscars and Emmys Awards past Grammy events have been held for artists such as the Beatles Stevie Wonder and Frank Sinatra	jennifer hudson and celine dion were among the superstar singers who took part in the aretha franklin tribute aretha a grammy celebration for the queen of soul which was slated to air on cbs sunday evening alicia keys john legend and kelly clarkson were other musical stars on hand to pay tribute to the late queen of soul and the tyler perry hosted ceremony in addition to legends such as smokey robinson and patti labelle and hollywood standouts angela bassett and courtney b vance the concert was filmed in front of 5500 people january 13th at the shrine auditorium in los angeles less than 5 months after franklin is death at 76 on august 19th following a battle with pancreatic cancer veteran producer clive davis one of the show is producers said in december that this unique concert featuring many of today is greatest artists will celebrate aretha in a spectacular manner befitting her once in a lifetime talent davis had originally devised the show as a tribute to franklin while she was alive and it would have been held in new york city according to the detroit free press host perry told the paper that the only thing she would have regretted is not being up there to out sing everybody and show them how it really goes in our lifetime there will never be another voice like her who knows if there will ever be another woman who will endure as much as she did to sing the way she did and conquer every genre of music it is the latest in a series of memorials for the late respect singer whose august 31st funeral and detroit featured performances from hudson stevie wonder and ariana grande franklin was also honored in segments at the grammys oscars and emmys awards past grammy events have been held for artists such as the beatles stevie wonder and frank sinatra	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0iqz3K8qbIA
843.76675	um our next speaker is Ronaldo vibhart he's a senior scientist with agrasearch based at grasslands and Palmerston North he describes himself as an Argentinian Economist to come Farm manager who's been transformed into an animal and farm system scientist his research focus is on the soil plant grazing Dynamic including greenhouse gases across complex Landscapes Ronaldo very good good morning thank you Warren that was very kind of you um what a privilege um I just want to thank my co-authors on this on this work especially those coming from beef and lamb New Zealand Andrew Bird and Jen Crystal without you guys we wanted to have been able to come up with this so just as a means of background New Zealand human beef Farms the really diverse as you know it's a diverse spectrum of biophysical resources and management and um achievement beef livestock uh unfortunately about 50 percent of the enteric methane emissions come from that particular herd and of course there's haywakaiken or I guess not much more needed on that but simply that it has a very strict Milestones um you know that by the end of 2022 this is that is this year all New Zealand farmers and Growers will know their own Farm greenhouse gas emissions and that is adding math animations to nitrous oxide emissions and then by 2025 which is just around the corner all Farms will have a plan to manage their greenhouse gas emissions so the objective of this piece of work was to develop a farm data set with greenhouse gas emissions and we looked at a data set that has 170 Farms um the second objective was to examine the relationships between all of those very variables that describe farm management biophysical resources and greenhouse gas emissions and to provide a baseline for Trends in farm scale greenhouse gas emissions so quite quite ambitious but we are talking Baseline we won't be I won't be talking about mitigation nor adoption so we went with a modeling approach um again 170 Farms um Anonymous anonymously provided so there's no mapping of where these Farms are we did that in pharmax unfortunately it is single year data um and we looked at these Farms as feasible Farms so in other words that feed on offer needed to match animal needs um again we looked at greenhouse gas emissions in terms of methane plus nitrous oxide per effective hectare so by effective I mean grazing plus crops something that's growing those two and pharmac uses the agriculture inventory model equations and this was back in 2019 so you will navigate through a few differences that these days the inventory model has so um we looked at Farm production and financial data provided by beef and lamb as mentioned and as you know beef and lamb New Zealand has eight Farm business classes um but we decided to go a little bit different in terms of grouping or clustering these farms around a combination of stock units and dry matter intake stock units again as a measure of carrying capacity if you will stock units per effective hectare and then dry matter intake and kilograms of dry matter uh per effective hectare and that allows allowed us to hope this is coming down probably no bear with me for a second probably not quite there but anyway um that allowed us to Cluster the farms in terms of uh intake animations you'll see that in a second from anywhere from one which is probably more on the High Country South Island right up to the high end of what would be equivalent to a farm business class eight in beef and lamb uh right up to there's those um having more than 10 Stock units per hectare and almost 7 000 kgs of dry matter intake per hectare per effective hectare and the number of farms are listed on that last row so that allows to do some clustering around around these Farms so um we we did a lot of examination in terms of visual assessment um and initially it was a very Square Excel spreadsheet massive one with about more than 150 explanatory variables around the the greenhouse gas emissions so we had to narrow it down to less than 20 to something that we could actually quantify and do something about um we looked at a correlation Matrix heat map which establishes those Pearson correlations between individual variables and we looked at a principal component analysis coming up so in terms of results there are two graphs on the right hand side the top graph is looking at the emissions again per effective hectare per Farm class so um anyway from again the High Country South Island right up to a cropping and finishing as a class eight you do see a little bit of a trend around that but there's no clear separation around emissions now when we did the feed groups as described in the previous graph you can see quite a quite a range quite a different jumping in in those so that's that's what we were after um the mean and range as a mean value about 3.7 tons of greenhouse gas emissions per hectare with a very wide range as you see right there and in terms of kilograms of CO2 equivalents and about 50 of the Farms fell within the 2.9 to 4.5 tons so that's just bear in mind that for a second you'll see that in the next few slides um what we did notice is that Farms emitting around four tons had a almost a three-fold difference in terms of Animal product being produced so massive range in that for the same emissions per hectare and there was a similar variation in other efficiency metrics such as lightweight gain and lamb weaning and a few others that is massive in it there's lots of numbers in there but the ones that I really want you to probably focus on is just on greenhouse gas emissions and what that means in terms of the clustering from less than or almost done right up to 5.4 tons on average for those groups and then very closely um followed by the dry matter intake for each of these clusters in terms of the heat map this is a one-to-one correlation between variables so it's not a multi-variable multivariate analysis it's it's still a one-to-one the diagonal in those uh that's the variable of interest that we're after the greenhouse gas emissions um do not pay too much attention to the diagonal is that it's the relation between one two itself one variable to itself but basically what you see is a clustering of things like intake stocking rate live weight gain animal production having a very high correlation with greenhouse gas emissions per hectare as expected then you've got a second group that's probably less correlated and has a very poor correlation let's put it that way around you efficiency and Lam winning and then you've got the ones that antagonize that go to the negative side against greenhouse gas emissions which are feed conversion uh effective Farm area and total Farm area and you'll see that in a second on what I mean the the other way of presenting this is doing it through a multi try to get all of those correlated individual variables into one big package the big bubbles in the background are the clustering so cluster number one again the High Country low emitting per hectare low intensity if you will right up to the high intensity High emitting the big arrow in black there is greenhouse gas emissions per hectare that's the variable of interest and you can see a whole bunch of arrows going in that same direction and that has to do again with intake stopping rate live again and animal production then you've got the ones that we call kind of intermediate around new efficiency lamb weaning and then lastly and they're moving in slightly in the opposite direction feed conversion and effective Farm area and just to explain what these loadings mean when we talk about multivariate analysis you did see that in in two in kind of in two axes the principal component one which was the one The Wider one at the bottom that was led by again a lot of the variables that are on you can see the red thing there dry matter intake carrying capacity stock units Etc and then antagonized by um the feed conversion efficiency and then the other one the vertical one which had the lower spread uh the loadings on that is very much on um the diameter intake and again antagonizing Farm area and feed conversion efficiency but we'll see that in a in a in a second um just to add to this um a shortcoming from the study of course is that it is one year's worth of and that caution is required when you're establishing either a baseline or trying to put a way of sequence of what your actual Baseline should be um in terms of greenhouse greenhouse gas emissions enteric methane methane total but enteric methane specially accounted for 80 of total greenhouse gas emissions something to keep in mind and that um given the lower amounts of n applied uh that strong link with between methane emissions and total greenhouse gas emissions is expected and just to give you a taste for some of the variables that we also looked at in terms of view efficiency that's the kilograms of land wind per kilograms of humated you can see the five groups kind of separated there but there's a lot of noise around some of the values on the x-axis and without going into much detail but there's a lot of in terms of we've separated them in terms of emissions but a lot of these variables are there's plenty of work to do if you will within those clusters again this just looks at and I'll put both together I'll go directly to the graphs on the right the ones in blue that's stocking rate again and um greenhouse gas emissions and then the one at the bottom um you can see the annual production uh it's a little bit a little bit more Sprint but still high related to methane emissions I'll have to go very quickly for this I did mention this previously so I'll go very quickly so lack of time but I just want to point out that since this work has done there has been big changes in terms of how we quantify at a national level nitrous oxide emissions and there are no new emission factors that have come out since then and also uh some related to slope newer even newer in terms of slopes so that means that in terms of greenhouse gas emissions you can see quite a reduction in terms of what it means relative to the first calculation in terms of total emissions of course it gets compressed because it's only 20 of total emissions coming from nitrous oxide so in conclusion 170 Farms across all beef and lamb classes provides a good insight into the complexity within and the variability between Farms the total feed production feed intake Drive animal production of course and of course highly correlated with greenhouse gas emissions changes in the methodology of nitrous oxide and we've just mentioned the one around nitrous oxide but in the future we could have neural partitioning within the animal that's revised from time to time and also feed-based enteric methane emissions emission factors sorry rather than animal based that's something that I think in the future will be addressed in order to accommodate all of the work that's been done in different forages across the country and then this work provides a holistic assessment of the farm-scale drivers of greenhouse gas emissions and a baseline from which future Trends could be established can be established lots of people to thank you and thank you all what a privilege to be here thank you [Applause] thanks Ronaldo	our next speaker is ronaldo vibhart he is a senior scientist with agrasearch based at grasslands and palmerston north he describes himself as an argentinian economist to come farm manager who has been transformed into an animal and farm system scientist his research focus is on the soil plant grazing dynamic including greenhouse gases across complex landscapes ronaldo very good good morning thank you warren that was very kind of you what a privilege i just want to thank my co authors on this on this work especially those coming from beef and lamb new zealand andrew bird and jen crystal without you guys we wanted to have been able to come up with this so just as a means of background new zealand human beef farms the really diverse as you know it is a diverse spectrum of biophysical resources and management and achievement beef livestock unfortunately about 50% of the enteric methane emissions come from that particular herd and of course there is haywakaiken or i guess not much more needed on that but simply that it has a very strict milestones you know that by the end of 2022 this is that is this year all new zealand farmers and growers will know their own farm greenhouse gas emissions and that is adding math animations to nitrous oxide emissions and then by 2025 which is just around the corner all farms will have a plan to manage their greenhouse gas emissions so the objective of this piece of work was to develop a farm data set with greenhouse gas emissions and we looked at a data set that has 170 farms the 2nd objective was to examine the relationships between all of those very variables that describe farm management biophysical resources and greenhouse gas emissions and to provide a baseline for trends in farm scale greenhouse gas emissions so quite quite ambitious but we are talking baseline we will not be i will not be talking about mitigation nor adoption so we went with a modeling approach again 170 farms anonymous anonymously provided so there is no mapping of where these farms are we did that in pharmax unfortunately it is single year data and we looked at these farms as feasible farms so in other words that feed on offer needed to match animal needs again we looked at greenhouse gas emissions in terms of methane plus nitrous oxide per effective hectare so by effective i mean grazing plus crops something that is growing those 2 and pharmac uses the agriculture inventory model equations and this was back in 2019 so you will navigate through a few differences that these days the inventory model has so we looked at farm production and financial data provided by beef and lamb as mentioned and as you know beef and lamb new zealand has 8 farm business classes but we decided to go a little bit different in terms of grouping or clustering these farms around a combination of stock units and dry matter intake stock units again as a measure of carrying capacity if you will stock units per effective hectare and then dry matter intake and kilograms of dry matter per effective hectare and that allows allowed us to hope this is coming down probably no bear with me for a 2nd probably not quite there but anyway that allowed us to cluster the farms in terms of intake animations you will see that in a 2nd from anywhere from one which is probably more on the high country south island right up to the high end of what would be equivalent to a farm business class 8 in beef and lamb right up to there is those having more than 10 stock units per hectare and almost 7 0 kgs of dry matter intake per hectare per effective hectare and the number of farms are listed on that last row so that allows to do some clustering around around these farms so we we did a lot of examination in terms of visual assessment and initially it was a very square excel spreadsheet massive one with about more than 150 explanatory variables around the the greenhouse gas emissions so we had to narrow it down to less than 20 to something that we could actually quantify and do something about we looked at a correlation matrix heat map which establishes those pearson correlations between individual variables and we looked at a principal component analysis coming up so in terms of results there are 2 graphs on the right hand side the top graph is looking at the emissions again per effective hectare per farm class so anyway from again the high country south island right up to a cropping and finishing as a class 8 you do see a little bit of a trend around that but there is no clear separation around emissions now when we did the feed groups as described in the previous graph you can see quite a quite a range quite a different jumping in in those so that is that is what we were after the mean and range as a mean value about 3.7 tons of greenhouse gas emissions per hectare with a very wide range as you see right there and in terms of kilograms of co 2 equivalents and about 50 of the farms fell within the 2.9 to 4.5 tons so that is just bear in mind that for a 2nd you will see that in the next few slides what we did notice is that farms emitting around 4 tons had a almost a 3 fold difference in terms of animal product being produced so massive range in that for the same emissions per hectare and there was a similar variation in other efficiency metrics such as lightweight gain and lamb weaning and a few others that is massive in it there is lots of numbers in there but the ones that i really want you to probably focus on is just on greenhouse gas emissions and what that means in terms of the clustering from less than or almost done right up to 5.4 tons on average for those groups and then very closely followed by the dry matter intake for each of these clusters in terms of the heat map this is a one to one correlation between variables so it is not a multi variable multivariate analysis it is it is still a one to one the diagonal in those that is the variable of interest that we are after the greenhouse gas emissions do not pay too much attention to the diagonal is that it is the relation between 12 itself one variable to itself but basically what you see is a clustering of things like intake stocking rate live weight gain animal production having a very high correlation with greenhouse gas emissions per hectare as expected then you have got a 2nd group that is probably less correlated and has a very poor correlation let us put it that way around you efficiency and lam winning and then you have got the ones that antagonize that go to the negative side against greenhouse gas emissions which are feed conversion effective farm area and total farm area and you will see that in a 2nd on what i mean the the other way of presenting this is doing it through a multi try to get all of those correlated individual variables into one big package the big bubbles in the background are the clustering so cluster number one again the high country low emitting per hectare low intensity if you will right up to the high intensity high emitting the big arrow in black there is greenhouse gas emissions per hectare that is the variable of interest and you can see a whole bunch of arrows going in that same direction and that has to do again with intake stopping rate live again and animal production then you have got the ones that we call kind of intermediate around new efficiency lamb weaning and then lastly and they are moving in slightly in the opposite direction feed conversion and effective farm area and just to explain what these loadings mean when we talk about multivariate analysis you did see that in in 2 in kind of in 2 axes the principal component one which was the one the wider one at the bottom that was led by again a lot of the variables that are on you can see the red thing there dry matter intake carrying capacity stock units etc and then antagonized by the feed conversion efficiency and then the other one the vertical one which had the lower spread the loadings on that is very much on the diameter intake and again antagonizing farm area and feed conversion efficiency but we will see that in a in a in a 2nd just to add to this a shortcoming from the study of course is that it is one year is worth of and that caution is required when you are establishing either a baseline or trying to put a way of sequence of what your actual baseline should be in terms of greenhouse greenhouse gas emissions enteric methane methane total but enteric methane specially accounted for 80 of total greenhouse gas emissions something to keep in mind and that given the lower amounts of n applied that strong link with between methane emissions and total greenhouse gas emissions is expected and just to give you a taste for some of the variables that we also looked at in terms of view efficiency that is the kilograms of land wind per kilograms of humated you can see the 5 groups kind of separated there but there is a lot of noise around some of the values on the x axis and without going into much detail but there is a lot of in terms of we have separated them in terms of emissions but a lot of these variables are there is plenty of work to do if you will within those clusters again this just looks at and i will put both together i will go directly to the graphs on the right the ones in blue that is stocking rate again and greenhouse gas emissions and then the one at the bottom you can see the annual production it is a little bit a little bit more sprint but still high related to methane emissions i will have to go very quickly for this i did mention this previously so i will go very quickly so lack of time but i just want to point out that since this work has done there has been big changes in terms of how we quantify at a national level nitrous oxide emissions and there are no new emission factors that have come out since then and also some related to slope newer even newer in terms of slopes so that means that in terms of greenhouse gas emissions you can see quite a reduction in terms of what it means relative to the 1st calculation in terms of total emissions of course it gets compressed because it is only 20 of total emissions coming from nitrous oxide so in conclusion 170 farms across all beef and lamb classes provides a good insight into the complexity within and the variability between farms the total feed production feed intake drive animal production of course and of course highly correlated with greenhouse gas emissions changes in the methodology of nitrous oxide and we have just mentioned the one around nitrous oxide but in the future we could have neural partitioning within the animal that is revised from time to time and also feed based enteric methane emissions emission factors sorry rather than animal based that is something that i think in the future will be addressed in order to accommodate all of the work that has been done in different forages across the country and then this work provides a holistic assessment of the farm scale drivers of greenhouse gas emissions and a baseline from which future trends could be established can be established lots of people to thank you and thank you all what a privilege to be here thank you thanks ronaldo	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BvQF_SLinBE