Plasma S100A4 level and cardiovascular risk in patients with unstable angina pectoris. 
Aim: We investigated whether S100A4 level is associated with pathophysiology of unstable angina pectoris (UAP), and its potential prognostic value for subsequent cardiovascular events.  Methods: We compared plasma levels of S100A4 and a set of clinical markers in three groups (59 with UAP, 32 with stable angina pectoris and 30 healthy controls).  Results: S100A4 levels in patients with UAP were significantly elevated.  In UAP group, baseline S100A4 levels were significantly higher in patients with subsequent cardiovascular events than those without, a positive correlation was identified between the risk of subsequent cardiovascular events and the plasma levels of S100A4.  Conclusion: Elevated S100A4 levels may be involved in the pathogenesis of UAP, and may be a marker predictive of post-treatment cardiovascular events.