Robotic Head and Neck Surgery. 
Robotic head and neck surgery applies minimally invasive principles to unique anatomy and natural orifices for surgical access.  Expanding from a tradition of minimally invasive endoscopic otolaryngology procedures, surgical robotics has transformed head and neck surgery.  However, surgeons are faced with significant challenges, and anatomic constraints impede visualization and constrain surgical maneuvers.  Transoral robotic surgery (TORS) has been developed over the past decade with favorable oncologic and functional outcomes, changing the way head and neck surgeons approach both malignant and benign diseases.  As new robotic platforms emerge, access will continue to improve and push the boundaries of minimally invasive approaches.