Monday, 26 May 2014

World Cup Stickers

With the FIFA World Cup approaching, sticker fans across the world are filling up their official Panini sticker books.  This got me wondering: how many stickers should I expect to need to buy to complete my album?  And how much will this cost? 

How many stickers? 

There are 640 stickers required to fill the album.  The last 100 stickers required can be ordered from the Panini website. 

After \(n\) stickers have been stuck into the album, the probability of the next sticker being the next new sticker is: $$\frac{640-n}{640}$$ The probability that the sticker after next is the next new sticker is: $$\frac{n}{640}\frac{640-n}{640}$$ The probability that the sticker after that is the next new sticker is: $$\left(\frac{n}{640}\right)^2\frac{640-n}{640}$$ Following this pattern, we find that the expected number of stickers bought to find a new sticker is: $$\sum_{i=1}^{\infty}i \left(\frac{640-n}{640}\right) \left(\frac{n}{640}\right)^i = \frac{640}{640-n}$$

How much? 

The first 21 stickers come with the album for £1.99.  Additional stickers can be bought in packs of 5 for 50p or multipacks of 30 for £2.75.  To complete the album, 100 stickers can be bought for 25p each. 

If I decided to complete my album without ordering the final stickers, I should expect to buy 4505 stickers.  After the 21 which come with the album, I will need to buy 4484 stickers: just under 897 packs.  These packs would cost £411.25 (149 multipacks and 3 single packs), giving a total cost of £413.24 for the completed album. 

I'm not sure if I have a spare £413.24 lying around, so hopefully I can reduce the cost of the album by buying the last 100 stickers for £25.  This would mean that once I've received the first 21 stickers with the album, I will need to buy 1164 stickers, or 233 packs.  These packs would cost £107 (38 multipacks and 5 single packs), giving a total cost of £133.99 for the completed album, significantly less than if I decided not to buy the last stickers. 

How many should I order? 

The further reduce the number of stickers bought, I could get a friend to also order 100 stickers for me and so buy the last 200 stickers for 25p each.  With enough friends the whole album could be filled this way, although as the stickers are more expensive than when bought in packs, this would not be the cheapest way. 

If the last 219 or 250 stickers are bought for 25p each, then I should expect to spend £117.74 in total on the album.  If I buy any other number of stickers at the end, the expected spend will be higher. 

Fortunately, as you will be able to swap your duplicate stickers with your friends, the cost of a full album should turn out to be significantly lower than this.  Although if saving money is your aim, then perhaps the Panini World Cup 2014 Sticker Book game would be a better alternative to a real sticker book.