Detection of Brucella canis and Leptospira interrogans in canine semen by multiplex nested PCR. 
Brucella canis and Leptospira interrogans are pathogenic bacteria that cause brucellosis and leptospirosis in dogs around the world.  Both diseases can be diagnosed serologically, but the direct detection of these organisms in canine semen is needed when it is used for artificial reproduction.  We have been attempting the artificial reproduction of guide dogs for greater breeding efficiency and for this purpose have developed a multiplex nested PCR technique for the detection of B. canis and L. interrogans in the semen and cryoprotective agent (CPA).  Our results demonstrated the high sensitivity and simplicity of this technique in the detection of these organisms in canine semen and that will be useful in routine diagnosis.  Since they have been found to stay alive in canine semen and CPA up to 48 hr, canine semen for breeding purposes should be checked for contamination by the PCR assay.