[Methanogenic destruction of (amino)aromatic compounds by anaerobic microbial communities]. 
Destruction of a number of aromatic substrates by anaerobic microbial communities was studied.  Active methanogenic microbial communities decomposing aminoaromatic acids and azo dyes into CH4 and CO2 were isolated.  Products of primary conversion were found to be 2-hydroxybenzyl and benzyl alcohols gradually transforming into benzoate.  It was shown that isolated microbial communities are capable of converting the initial substrates--benzyl alcohol, benzoate, salicylic acid, and golden yellow azo dye--into biogas without a lag-phase but with different velocities.  Aromatic and linear intermediates of biodestruction of aromatic amines by obtained enrichment cultures were determined for the first time.  Selective effect of aromatic substrates on a microbial community that was expressed in decrease in diversity and gradual change of dominant morphotypes was revealed.