The Arab Spring, with its calls for sweeping political change, marked the most-profound popular uprising in the Middle East for generations.  But if the nascent democracies born of these protests are to succeed in the absence of a strong democratic tradition, their success will depend in part on an understanding of how Middle Easterners view themselves, their allegiances to family and religion, and their relationship with the wider world in which they are increasingly integrated. 

One of the reasons for the Democracy in America's widespread popularity in the Middle East is that its commentary on the challenges of democracy and the seemingly contradictory concepts of equality and individuality continue to speak to current debates, according to Mitchell. 

While his American students tended to value the individualism of commercial self-interest, his Middle Eastern students had grave doubts about individualism and a deep suspicion for capitalism, which they saw as risking the destruction of long-held loyalties and obligations.  When asked about suffering, American students answered in psychological or sociological terms, while Middle Eastern students understood it in terms of religion. 

In Tocqueville in Arabia, Mitchell describes modern democratic man as becoming what Tocqueville predicted -- a "distinct kind of humanity" that would be increasingly isolated and alone.  Whatever their differences, students in both worlds were grappling with a sense of disconnectedness that social media does little to remedy. 

We live in a time rife with mutual misunderstandings between America and the Middle East, and Tocqueville in Arabia offers a guide to the present, troubled times, leavened by the author's hopes about the future. 

"Tocqueville taught us how much can be learned about one culture seen through the lens of someone intelligent and sympathetic from another," Bradley Prize recipient George F. Will writes in an endorsement of the book. " Joshua Mitchell knows Tocqueville and Arabia, and his readers will come to know both better."