Dantrolene and basal ileal sodium and chloride transport: involvement of calcium stores. 
The effect of dantrolene on active ion transport in rabbit ileum was determined using the Ussing chamber short-circuiting technique.  Dantrolene prevents the release of calcium from intracellular stores in skeletal muscle and was used to probe the role of intracellular calcium stores in intestinal ion transport.  A saturated solution of dantrolene (approx 25 microM) decreased ileal short-circuit current and potential difference, increased conductance and mucosal-to-serosal and net Na and Cl fluxes, but did not alter serosal-to-mucosal Na and Cl fluxes.  The dantrolene stimulation of active Na and Cl absorption was specific since it did not alter glucose-dependent Na absorption, transport changes caused by Ca2+ ionophore A23187, or the increase in short-circuit current caused by dibutyryl cAMP or theophylline.  These effects were associated with an increase in total ileal calcium content and a decreased rate of 45Ca2+ efflux without any change in 45Ca2+ influx from the serosal or mucosal surfaces.  These findings are consistent with an effect of dantrolene to stimulate active ileal Na and Cl absorption by a mechanism involving lowered cytosol Ca2+ levels and compatible with trapping calcium in intracellular stores.  It thus appears as if intracellular calcium stores have an important role in the control of basal ion transport in the intestine.