Management of Tako-tsubo syndrome. 
This manuscript reviews the current evidence for proposed pathophysiological mechanisms of Tako-tsubo syndrome and its management.  The Tako-tsubo syndrome is defined by the presence of transient left ventricular apical ballooning after an acute coronary syndrome in patients with angiographically normal coronary arteries.  Intriguingly, only the apex is affected and compensatory basal hypercontractility is seen.  Several mechanisms have been offered as explanations for the characteristic clinical presentation and echocardiographic appearance of this syndrome.  Tako-tsubo syndrome encompasses heterogeneous patient populations and it is likely that different pathogenic mechanisms may operate in different patients.  Treatment of the condition is at present empirical and aimed at preserving ventricular function.