Fusobacterium

Fusobacterium is a genus of anaerobic, Gram-negative, non-sporeforming bacteria, similar to Bacteroides.  Individual cells are slender' rod-shaped bacilli with pointed ends. 
Strains of Fusobacterium cause several human diseases, including periodontal diseases, Lemierre's syndrome, and topical skin ulcers. 

Although older sources  state that Fusobacterium is part of the normal flora of the human oropharynx, the current consensus is that Fusobacterium should always be treated as a pathogen.  F. prausnitzii, a gut commensal associated with healthy patients, was completely reclassified as Faecalibacterium (Clostridiales:Ruminococcaceae), in 2002. 

Clinical relevance
In 2011, researchers discovered that Fusobacterium flourishes in colon cancer cells, and is often also associated with ulcerative colitis, although researchers have not determined if the organism actually causes these diseases or if it simply flourishes in the environment these diseases create.  The bacterium is a big anchor for biofilms.  It is susceptible to clindamycin.  In contrast to Bacteroides spp.,  Fusobacterium has a potent lipopolysaccharide. 

See also 
Altered Schaedler flora

References

External links 
 Anaerobic Gram-Negative Bacilli chapter in Baron's Medical Microbiology (online at the NCBI bookshelf). 
 Fusobacterium From MicrobeWiki, the student-edited microbiology resource

Category:Gut flora bacteria
Category:Fusobacteria
Category:Bacteria genera