Q:

FOP PDF/A-3b does not allow embedded files

I am trying to embed a xml file into a PDF/A3-b file with fop 2.1 and get this answer: 
SCHWERWIEGEND: Exception
org.apache.fop.apps. FOPException: PDF/A-3b does not allow embedded files. 
org.apache.fop.pdf. PDFConformanceException: PDF/A-3b does not allow embedded files. 
    at org.apache.fop.cli. InputHandler.transformTo(InputHandler.java:288)
    at org.apache.fop.cli. InputHandler.renderTo(InputHandler.java:115)
    at org.apache.fop.cli. Main.startFOP(Main.java:186)
    at sun.reflect. NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect. NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
    at sun.reflect. DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.lang.reflect. Method.invoke(Method.java:606)
    at org.apache.fop.cli. Main.startFOPWithDynamicClasspath(Main.java:143)
    at org.apache.fop.cli. Main.main(Main.java:219)
Caused by: org.apache.fop.pdf. PDFConformanceException: PDF/A-3b does not allow embedded files. 
    at org.apache.fop.pdf. PDFProfile.verifyEmbeddedFilesAllowed(PDFProfile.java:336)
    at org.apache.fop.render.pdf. PDFRenderingUtil.addEmbeddedFile(PDFRenderingUtil.java:651)
    at org.apache.fop.render.pdf. PDFDocumentHandler.handleExtensionObject(PDFDocumentHandler.java:318)
    at org.apache.fop.render.intermediate.util. IFDocumentHandlerProxy.handleExtensionObject(IFDocumentHandlerProxy.java:192)
    at org.apache.fop.render.intermediate. IFRenderer.processOffDocumentItem(IFRenderer.java:325)
    at org.apache.fop.area. RenderPagesModel.handleOffDocumentItem(RenderPagesModel.java:232)
    at org.apache.fop.area. AreaTreeHandler.addOffDocumentItem(AreaTreeHandler.java:376)
    at org.apache.fop.area. AreaTreeHandler.wrapAndAddExtensionAttachments(AreaTreeHandler.java:245)
    at org.apache.fop.area. AreaTreeHandler.startAbstractPageSequence(AreaTreeHandler.java:234)
    at org.apache.fop.area. AreaTreeHandler.startPageSequence(AreaTreeHandler.java:222)
    at org.apache.fop.fo. DelegatingFOEventHandler.startPageSequence(DelegatingFOEventHandler.java:109)
    at org.apache.fop.accessibility.fo. FO2StructureTreeConverter.startPageSequence(FO2StructureTreeConverter.java:142)
    at org.apache.fop.fo.pagination. PageSequence.startOfNode(PageSequence.java:121)
    at org.apache.fop.fo. FOTreeBuilder$MainFOHandler.startElement(FOTreeBuilder.java:337)
    at org.apache.fop.fo. FOTreeBuilder.startElement(FOTreeBuilder.java:179)
    at org.apache.xalan.transformer. TransformerIdentityImpl.startElement(TransformerIdentityImpl.java:1073)
    at org.apache.xerces.parsers. AbstractSAXParser.startElement(Unknown Source)
    at org.apache.xerces.xinclude. XIncludeHandler.startElement(Unknown Source)
    at org.apache.xerces.impl. XMLNSDocumentScannerImpl.scanStartElement(Unknown Source)
    at org.apache.xerces.impl. XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl$FragmentContentDispatcher.dispatch(Unknown Source)
    at org.apache.xerces.impl. XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.scanDocument(Unknown Source)
    at org.apache.xerces.parsers. XML11Configuration.parse(Unknown Source)
    at org.apache.xerces.parsers. XML11Configuration.parse(Unknown Source)
    at org.apache.xerces.parsers. XMLParser.parse(Unknown Source)
    at org.apache.xerces.parsers. AbstractSAXParser.parse(Unknown Source)
    at org.apache.xerces.jaxp. SAXParserImpl$JAXPSAXParser.parse(Unknown Source)
    at org.apache.xalan.transformer. TransformerIdentityImpl.transform(TransformerIdentityImpl.java:485)
    at org.apache.fop.cli. InputHandler.transformTo(InputHandler.java:285)
    ... 8 more

---------

org.apache.fop.pdf. PDFConformanceException: PDF/A-3b does not allow embedded files. 
    at org.apache.fop.pdf. PDFProfile.verifyEmbeddedFilesAllowed(PDFProfile.java:336)
    at org.apache.fop.render.pdf. PDFRenderingUtil.addEmbeddedFile(PDFRenderingUtil.java:651)
    at org.apache.fop.render.pdf. PDFDocumentHandler.handleExtensionObject(PDFDocumentHandler.java:318)
    at org.apache.fop.render.intermediate.util. IFDocumentHandlerProxy.handleExtensionObject(IFDocumentHandlerProxy.java:192)
    at org.apache.fop.render.intermediate. IFRenderer.processOffDocumentItem(IFRenderer.java:325)
    at org.apache.fop.area. RenderPagesModel.handleOffDocumentItem(RenderPagesModel.java:232)
    at org.apache.fop.area. AreaTreeHandler.addOffDocumentItem(AreaTreeHandler.java:376)
    at org.apache.fop.area. AreaTreeHandler.wrapAndAddExtensionAttachments(AreaTreeHandler.java:245)
    at org.apache.fop.area. AreaTreeHandler.startAbstractPageSequence(AreaTreeHandler.java:234)
    at org.apache.fop.area. AreaTreeHandler.startPageSequence(AreaTreeHandler.java:222)
    at org.apache.fop.fo. DelegatingFOEventHandler.startPageSequence(DelegatingFOEventHandler.java:109)
    at org.apache.fop.accessibility.fo. FO2StructureTreeConverter.startPageSequence(FO2StructureTreeConverter.java:142)
    at org.apache.fop.fo.pagination. PageSequence.startOfNode(PageSequence.java:121)
    at org.apache.fop.fo. FOTreeBuilder$MainFOHandler.startElement(FOTreeBuilder.java:337)
    at org.apache.fop.fo. FOTreeBuilder.startElement(FOTreeBuilder.java:179)
    at org.apache.xalan.transformer. TransformerIdentityImpl.startElement(TransformerIdentityImpl.java:1073)
    at org.apache.xerces.parsers. AbstractSAXParser.startElement(Unknown Source)
    at org.apache.xerces.xinclude. XIncludeHandler.startElement(Unknown Source)
    at org.apache.xerces.impl. XMLNSDocumentScannerImpl.scanStartElement(Unknown Source)
    at org.apache.xerces.impl. XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl$FragmentContentDispatcher.dispatch(Unknown Source)
    at org.apache.xerces.impl. XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.scanDocument(Unknown Source)
    at org.apache.xerces.parsers. XML11Configuration.parse(Unknown Source)
    at org.apache.xerces.parsers. XML11Configuration.parse(Unknown Source)
    at org.apache.xerces.parsers. XMLParser.parse(Unknown Source)
    at org.apache.xerces.parsers. AbstractSAXParser.parse(Unknown Source)
    at org.apache.xerces.jaxp. SAXParserImpl$JAXPSAXParser.parse(Unknown Source)
    at org.apache.xalan.transformer. TransformerIdentityImpl.transform(TransformerIdentityImpl.java:485)
    at org.apache.fop.cli. InputHandler.transformTo(InputHandler.java:285)
    at org.apache.fop.cli. InputHandler.renderTo(InputHandler.java:115)
    at org.apache.fop.cli. Main.startFOP(Main.java:186)
    at sun.reflect. NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect. NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
    at sun.reflect. DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.lang.reflect. Method.invoke(Method.java:606)
    at org.apache.fop.cli. Main.startFOPWithDynamicClasspath(Main.java:143)
    at org.apache.fop.cli. Main.main(Main.java:219)

Here is my .fo File
<? xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"? > 
<fo:root xmlns:fo="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Format" 
         font-family="PT-Sans" font-weight="normal" font-style="normal"
         xmlns:pdf="http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/fop/extensions/pdf"> 
    <fo:layout-master-set> 
        <fo:simple-page-master master-name="first" page-height="29.7cm" page-width="21cm" margin-top="0cm" margin-bottom="0cm" margin-left="0cm" margin-right="0cm"> 
            <fo:region-body margin-top="0cm"/> 
            <fo:region-before extent="0cm"/> 
            <fo:region-after extent="0cm"/> 
        </fo:simple-page-master> 
    </fo:layout-master-set> 
    <fo:declarations>
        <pdf:embedded-file src="url(path/to/file/file.xml)"/>
    </fo:declarations>
    <fo:page-sequence master-reference="first"> 
        <fo:flow flow-name="xsl-region-body"> 
            <fo:block-container width="100%" height="100%" break-before="page" text-align="left" font-size="8pt"> 
                <fo:block-container position="absolute" left="1.5cm" top="5cm" height="1cm" width="10cm"> 
                    <fo:block color="#70706f">Some Suff</fo:block> 
                </fo:block-container> 
            </fo:block-container>
        </fo:flow> 
    </fo:page-sequence> 
</fo:root>

The fop.xconf file was extended like it is described on the website of fop. 
At last the execution command from my bash shell
java -jar build/fop.jar -c conf/fop.xconf -fo examples/fofile.fo -pdf examples/pdffile.pdf

Executing with -c but without the  block works fine. 
Executing without -c but with the  block works also fine. 
java -jar build/fop.jar -c conf/fop.xconf 

is the command for "use exactly this fop.xconv file".  
Am i missing something?  

A:

I have a try getting around it by patching in the fop 2.1 source (fop-2.1/src/java): 
*** org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFProfile.java.mod  2016-07-13 16:08:19.621331387 +0200
--- org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFProfile.java  2016-01-07 15:13:29.000000000 +0100
*************** public class PDFProfile {
*** 332,338 ****
      /** Checks if embedded files are allowed. */ 
      public void verifyEmbeddedFilesAllowed() {
          final String err = "{0} does not allow embedded files."; 
!          if (getPDFAMode() ! = PDFAMode. DISABLED && getPDFAMode() ! = PDFAMode. PDFA_3A && getPDFAMode() ! = PDFAMode. PDFA_3B && getPDFAMode() ! = PDFAMode. PDFA_3U ) {
              throw new PDFConformanceException(format(err, getPDFAMode()));
          }
          if (isPDFXActive()) {
--- 332,338 ----
      /** Checks if embedded files are allowed. */ 
      public void verifyEmbeddedFilesAllowed() {
          final String err = "{0} does not allow embedded files."; 
!          if (isPDFAActive()) {
              throw new PDFConformanceException(format(err, getPDFAMode()));
          }
          if (isPDFXActive()) {

Then compile
javac -cp ../../build/fop.jar org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFProfile.java

backup your original jar
cp ../../build/fop.jar ../../build/fop.jar.orig

and add your new class to the jar
jar -uf ../../build/fop.jar org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFProfile.class

Quite dirty though, I've also added the issue FOP-2625
Edit
Issue was fixed by Simon Steiner in the fop trunk version.