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Intron Innovation 3

00:00:97 [Speaker 1]: Okay, today's topic is, 00:04:97 00:04:98 [Speaker 2]: Are animals conscious? 00:06:98 00:07:01 [Speaker 1]: It's a very interesting topic, you know, because I feel that animals are conscious because they have feelings. Yes. 00:19:98 00:17:97 [Speaker 2]: they are just like humans 00:18:98 00:20:97 [Speaker 1]: They have feelings, they can do whatever we do. 00:23:99 00:24:01 [Speaker 2]: They can feel pain. 00:25:02 00:25:100 [Speaker 1]: They can feel happiness, you know? 00:28:97 00:28:97 [Speaker 2]: Just like that 00:28:100 00:29:100 [Speaker 1]: Yes. Because they are breathing, you know, I feel. I fully believe that God created animals with love. 00:40:01 00:40:99 [Speaker 2]: Yeah. 00:41:00 00:41:02 [Speaker 1]: As much as he created us. 00:44:02 00:44:01 [Speaker 2]: Humans. 00:44:01 00:44:01 [Speaker 1]: Humans with love, you know? Yes. So I remember one time, because I do have a dog, you know, inside our yard. Right. We have a dog. So there was this time when this guy was actually fighting us. He was fighting us. He was full of rage. He was upset. So our dog could see that this person is actually angry at us, you know? And he was barking. He was barking, He was protecting us. And I also remember this one time incident that there was an electricity shock inside the house, and then it just went boom. Yeah, it just went boom. And then our dog came inside the. Yeah. bang the door and he was, like, barking and pulling my dress, you know, out of the fire, out of that electric shock. So you could see that he was actually protecting me. 01:56:01 01:41:02 [Speaker 2]: Came inside the house, Bang the door 01:42:99 01:56:01 [Speaker 2]: He knows what's happening, which means they are conscious. 02:01:98 [Speaker 1]: He knows what's happening. He hears everything, which means animals are actually conscious, you know. 02:06:97

general

26-40

Sesotho

ZA

00:01:96 [Speaker 1]: Okay, so today's topic is the church, state and politics. The relationship between the church, the state and politics has been a subject of debate and controversy for centuries. The church as an institute upholds significant influence and power over the state and political decisions. In many societies. Religion plays a crucial role in shaping the political landscape and influencing policies. However, the separation of church and state is also found, is also a fundamental principle in many countries where the government is not supposed to be under control or influence of a particular religion. The discussion around this topic often revolves around issues such as the role of religion in government, the extent of religious freedoms, and the impact of religious beliefs on political decision making. Ultimately, the relationship between the church, state and politics is a complex and ongoing dialogue with various perspectives and viewpoints. So one of our questions for today is what are our thoughts on the separation of the church and how and state and how it impacts politics? And do you believe religion should play a role in government decisions? Well, this is quite a handful. Well, I'll take the lead on this. So one of the first four. The religion should not have a part to play in politics. I know some. I know you will often ask why? Well, that's because religion is a very powerful thing. Because one of the key things about religion is that bad things about religion is that religion doesn't, doesn't need to be explained. Anything can be in religion. Religion can believe that the earth was made from sand and green sand and everybody would take it that way. Because that's what we know. It doesn't have to make sense. All it's just needs to be. Just to be that. And it's that. So because of this, religion is so, is bland, is so, is, uh, what can I say? Uh, is just there. So I wanted about politics, is that politics, one thing gives to the other. Without this, you can't have that. So when you are wanting, when you want to include something on, is like an uncertainty with a certainty. If the canton cannot mix together, there will be problem. I mostly look at religion. Religion believes that the count they should. Each religion believes that there should only be one religion. So because of this, this are one of the reasons why religion cannot coexist, cannot play a role in government decision. One thing about religion, religion also supports it also is that believes that they can only be one religion. Christianity believes that it is the only, is the only original one. And every other thing is counterfeit, is fit and it's fake and we leave them to destruction. So because of this, if religions start playing a role in political, in government decisions, it will cause a bias. When a christian president is unseat, you will be biased towards Islam citizens, even though they are of the same nation, you understand it cause marginalization and they cause problem in society, in the government. So, so another, and there's another thing. Well, let's also look at nations who have been, let's take the Iran, Iraq, all these nations for example. They are being ruled by religion and is having negative effects on them. Number one, when number one is constitutional, what can I say? It's causes a tighter picture because everything around them is Islam, Islam, Islam. And because of that, christians are not what can I say, are not motivated to go there. And this affects their economy because even if personally, even if there are some artifacts there, some choice attractions there, I wouldn't go there because of their religion. That is a religious state. So this is, and this is affecting the economy. So these are one of the reasons why, what can I say? Why religion cannot play or should not play a role in government decisions. 04:21:96 04:24:02 [Speaker 2]: Let me cut you there. Let me cut you there. I don't, I certainly do not agree with what you are saying. I agree. I certainly do not agree with what you have said because honestly I believe religion should have a play, I honestly believe, don't believe that religion should have a plain. Religion should have a play in the state and all others. Because when you look at it without religion, what are we, we have to draw closer to God. Imagine if we have, we are in a tie down now. And we don't, just like the country is ruled by nothing. We are just, there is nothing between us. There is no religion. The country should have a united liturgy and Muslim. And this, okay, this time when look at it, sorry, like Christians will rule in till 1960 to maybe 2020, then 2020 muslims will rule. Imagine it now the Christians imagine if Muslims have been winning consistently, the Christians will feel, the Christians will feel biased that probably, probably they are being cheated. But it will just be normal luck. But when everything is arranged according to religion, no one will feel bad cheated. So I believe that religion should be added to government. 05:58:97 06:00:99 [Speaker 1]: You should play a role in government. 06:00:99 [Speaker 2]: Yes. 06:00:99 06:02:100 [Speaker 1]: Okay. Thank you contribution. Thank you precious for your contribution. Okay. And I'll see you next time. Thank you. 06:12:98

general

19-25

Yoruba

NG

00:00:02 [Speaker 1]: Yeah. So, rape, big topic for our society. Big, big topic. So what's your point of view about rape? 00:11:02 00:11:02 [Speaker 2]: I see rape as a very bad and heinous crime. I see it as something that sets the society ablaze to me. 00:23:00 00:23:98 [Speaker 1]: Okay. 00:23:100 00:24:00 [Speaker 2]: If anyone hears of an, of a case of rape or is accused of rape, the person is viewed as a very bad person and is already judged by society before being judged in court or any other place. 00:40:98 00:40:99 [Speaker 1]: Okay? 00:41:02 00:41:98 [Speaker 2]: Yes. And it's a bad crime such that some people take matters into their hands. You can take the life of people accused of. It's a very bad and societal threatening crime. 00:59:99 01:00:01 [Speaker 1]: Okay. Personally, my opinion about rape is rape rape, as you said is so bad because it does so much trauma, especially to the victims, not just sexually, but psychologically. Most people, be it male or female, you know, they come out with cases of PTSD. Even after years of therapy, you know, they are still having that post traumatic like syndrome kind of stuff. So I see rape as very, very bad. But on your own, on your own, your own view, personally, do you think society is favoring rape in the sense of dress manner, in the sense of parental instructions, in the sense of religious bodies? Do you think we are favoring it or the things they are doing at those particular fronts are reducing the incidence of rape? 02:06:99 02:07:02 [Speaker 2]: I don't think what we're doing presently as a society, community and individually is bringing down or stepping down the issue of rape. I feel like it's increasing it and boosting it. Societies begin to accept dress codes that are so seductive and it permits all kind of things, like people can go out however they choose to walk around the streets and then if someone, you'll expect that other people will have self-control, and I don't think it's right. I don't think it's, I don't think society is trying because society is actually promoting this thing and they are calling it fashion. 03:02:97 03:02:98 [Speaker 1]: Fashion show. 03:03:02 03:03:97 [Speaker 2]: Yeah. Because like, let me give you an example. I saw a piece of, let me just say like waistband strap of a jeans that is being sold as a full clothing. 03:16:02 03:17:98 [Speaker 1]: So, you see, and girls these days, they just. 03:21:100 03:21:100 [Speaker 1]: They go for that. 03:22:98 03:24:02 [Speaker 2]: They just go around. 03:24:99 03:25:01 [Speaker 1]: Yeah, yeah, yeah, sure. 03:27:00 03:27:02 [Speaker 2]: Opening their backs up and not knowing or thinking that, okay, this might arouse. 03:34:97 03:35:01 [Speaker 1]: Yeah. 03:36:02 03:36:03 [Speaker 2]: Someone's interest. 03:36:98 03:36:99 [Speaker 1]: Sure. 03:37:00 03:37:98 [Speaker 2]: So, society isn't helping, not one bit. And it has gone from not being there to bad to worse. 03:49:99 03:50:01 [Speaker 1]: Yeah. 03:50:02 03:51:00 [Speaker 2]: And I don't know what's next to. 03:53:97 03:53:100 [Speaker 1]: Be worst, I guess. Yes. 03:57:00 03:58:01 [Speaker 2]: And the generation, present generation, coming in has the trend of doing it and still, when maybe someone takes a look at them, they harass you. Like, have you never seen someone dress before? The community supports them. But when such a person is said to be raped? No, they don't look like, okay, this person has been indecently dressed for a while. They just go ahead and say, why did this person do it? 04:36:97 04:36:98 [Speaker 1]: Yeah. 04:37:00 04:37:97 [Speaker 2]: Without thinking that probably that person has been pushed. And you never know. Most rape cases are not cases that just happen. Maybe outside, maybe you get to hear that the person paid an opposite sex a visit, and people don't end up asking what actually happened. So, society doesn't help at all. 05:06:00 05:06:98 [Speaker 1]: Yeah, talking about society, I had this, in my experience, where I think I was around the junction, and I saw. I saw a lady, and an elderly woman was trying to, like, you know, correct her and dress good. And it was in an appropriate manner. You know, the manner of correction also matters. There are people that can just see, I'm like, You know, stuff like that. But she was correcting this lady a lovely manner, in a motherly manner. And just for the lady to, you know, speak very bad at this woman, telling her all sort of stuff like, it's my body, you didn't buy the clothes for me. You know, stuff like that. So, if this person, for instance, now falls victim of rape, and it's within the neighboring community, and that woman, per venture, is in the presence of the crime scene, she has no say. Because when I was giving you that advice, you were, you were adamant about your own point of view on the way you were dressed. So, it's a big thing. I think it needs to be corrected from the home front. As the saying goes, charity begins from home. Once parents can tell their children, this is it, this is that. There's no doubt about it that the minds of some people are perverted. Whether you wear a big clothes or you cover everywhere, there are just still some people that will look at you and feel sexually aroused by your outfit. But at least something should be done on the home front or in the home front, rather, to see that we put ethics, especially dressing, dressing ethics. Yeah, put dressing ethics. Inculcate it in the minds of young people. And, you know, I feel like it will go a long way to reduce rape cases or rape incidents in the society. And secondly, I don't know, what's your point of view concerning the media, be it social media, the media. 07:21:98 07:22:98 [Speaker 2]: It's actually worse than the physical society, social media doesn't help at all. Like, for social media, I would say it's very terrible, extremely terrible. You go online, you try to click on a site, and you get to notice that a lot of pop ups that pop up these days are sexual pop ups, almost on every site, even clean sites you want to go in. Maybe you want to download something simple, video for work or something. They keep popping ads for you. Apart from that, you go online, especially for the youth of this age. 08:09:98 08:10:00 [Speaker 1]: Yeah. 08:10:01 08:10:98 [Speaker 2]: The so-called Gen Z. It means that their parents can't control what the view online. You go to virtually any site, you go to their own social media. Good. 08:25:00 08:25:01 [Speaker 1]: Even cartoons. 08:25:100 08:26:98 [Speaker 2]: Yeah. 08:27:01 08:27:97 [Speaker 1]: For the younger generations. Yeah. 08:29:97 08:29:97 [Speaker 2]: Something else. 08:30:01 08:31:00 [Speaker 1]: Yeah. 08:30:98 08:31:01 [Speaker 2]: I once saw a cartoon, well, my friend, she once watched, started watching a cartoon. Actually, it's her kids thinking it was a cartoon. I don't know if I'm permitted to name the name of the cartoon. 08:43:98 08:44:02 [Speaker 1]: Sure, you are. 08:44:01 08:45:02 [Speaker 2]: Yeah, but, okay, like cartoon, like sausage party or American dad, they're all sexually induced, like. So social media doesn't help you. They go online, they can watch all these things. As a parent, you might say, okay, don't watch those programs, don't watch that one. But they go online. They can download it. They can download Netflix on their phone, watch these things. They can go on WhatsApp and share pictures with each other. 09:13:97 09:13:98 [Speaker 1]: Sure. 09:14:00 09:15:01 [Speaker 2]: They can go on Facebook and watch porn for free. Go on Twitter and see the same thing. And some sites might be like, yeah. Hope you're 18 and even if you're not 18. 09:29:99 09:29:100 [Speaker 1]: Yeah. Just click and yes, sure. 09:32:02 09:32:97 [Speaker 2]: And nothing happens because there's no means for proper verification. 09:37:01 09:38:02 [Speaker 1]: Sure, sure. 09:38:00 09:39:02 [Speaker 2]: There's no luck and there's no prevention because these sites too, like all over the site, pay for rights for ads and all that. So, the online community, to me, is what start it. 09:51:97 09:53:02 [Speaker 1]: Yeah. So social media is a kind of negative role. 09:56:99 09:57:100 [Speaker 2]: An extremely negative. Kids don't go online anymore to study. 10:03:01 10:03:97 [Speaker 1]: Sure. 10:03:100 10:05:00 [Speaker 2]: Once they study and they just divert to go and look for one or two more interesting things, and they end up getting distracted with all these things from the net. 10:16:02 10:15:99 [Speaker 1]: Yeah. 10:16:01 10:16:98 [Speaker 2]: Tomorrow you see them voting and shouting for role models that are not actually role models. 10:29:02 10:28:97 [Speaker 1]: Role models, sure. 10:30:01 10:30:97 [Speaker 2]: People that dress, indecently. 10:36:98 10:41:97 [Speaker 1]: That I just feel like if we were to compare, like, the incidents of rape way before and now I think it's on the rising. Do you agree with that? 10:53:01 10:54:02 [Speaker 2]: Yeah, I agree with that. I actually do agree with that. 10:56:99 10:56:99 [Speaker 1]: And for me personally, I think it's because of the advent of social media, because of the advent of, you know, exposure, exposure. People we don't call, we don't cope. We don't cope. The screen, there's this thing DStv started doing, I think some years back that there is parental guide, you can lock some certain channels, you know, for your kids not to have access. And I think it's one way that we can use social media and still use it effectively, effectively, rather to curb all these screen exposures and stuff like that. So have you had anyone like directly been a victim of it or have you been a victim of rape? 11:53:99 11:54:00 [Speaker 2]: No. 11:54:01 11:54:97 [Speaker 1]: Because men are also abused. 11:55:100 11:56:98 [Speaker 2]: Yeah, men are also abused. I believe that men don't even come out to say it because, because they feel like they are manly. They come out to say it. 12:06:97 12:07:01 [Speaker 1]: It's a shameful thing in society. 12:08:99 12:10:02 [Speaker 2]: It's a shameful thing in the society. A lot of men just keep it to themselves and end up with it, trying to be manly and all that. But men to are victims of rape. 12:28:98 12:29:00 [Speaker 1]: Yeah, yeah. I had a friend back in the university and he told me he had an aunt that raped him as early as age, was he age ten or twelve? And, you know, each time he's going through a phase in life, he just thinks about that and kind of affects his mental health. So, these are some of the issues that rape does to someone or to a person. So, I just feel like society should put more measures, especially on social media and the family front. Let parents be intentional about what their kids watch. Let parents be intentional about the friends their kids keep, because peer pressure is something that affects people that are growing up. And one thing again, is. 13:25:98 13:25:100 [Speaker 2]: They should also, be intentional about what their kids wear. 13:28:98 13:28:99 [Speaker 1]: Wear, exactly. 13:30:00 13:33:97 [Speaker 2]: Their kids, everything. Especially young girls. 13:36:100 13:37:01 [Speaker 1]: Yeah, sure, sure. And to the younger girls also, and the guys, young guys, young girls, there should be sensation about. Yeah, we know you're just getting to your prime, but life just begins here. And for you to be at the end of exposure and exposing dresses, it only makes your life that is just beginning to end at that point because you could, you could be a victim of rape. You know, there are many things, STD's, what have you, that you could have, through rape, and stuff like that. So there should be more orientation. There should be more orientation on detrimental issues of it, and I think the society will get better bit by bit if we do that. 14:24:98

general

19-25

Yoruba

NG

00:01:97 [Speaker 1]: So in our society today, we have witnessed a rapid increase in the hike in oil prices, in price of oil around the world and in our country today. So what do you think has been the biggest factor? What do you think are the causes that's contributed to the increase in oil prices? 00:29:00 00:29:98 [Speaker 2]: I think the number one cause that increased the petrol price in Nigeria for a case study is the removal of subsidy by the new government. And also there have been some conflicts between the oil producing states that has actually affected the production of oil and oil bunkering and a lot of factors like the oil bunkering now, there are some communities in Niger Delta for example, for instance, where this oil has been extracted from and these communities are not receiving even like palliative from the government which has caused them to cause, to bring up a resistance group. The resistance group is not like the Ijaw people resistance group where these people go to oil pipes and break oil pipes, take oil illegally, sell it in black market. And a lot of atrocities have been done by these people due to the inability of the government to at least give them some stipends. Because you are taking oil from their, from their environment, from their communities and you are causing more environmental pollutions without being compensating them, which is causing a lot of effects on their children. The waters there are so, so bad. The health issue, the health care, everything just going wrong for them in that, in that community. So how do you expect them not to form a resistance group or not to try and fight for their right, even though they might be fighting in the wrong manner. But still they have justifications for some of their cries and their plea to the government. 02:38:00 02:39:02 [Speaker 1]: And these issues lead to increase in oil prices because they lead to shortage of oil and they have to make profit. So the price of petroleum increased and another cause of the hike in fuel prices, international conflict as well, like the ongoing war between Ukraine and Russia, has led to an increase in crude oil per barrel that led to a rapid increase in crude oil per barrel and this affects the oil price as well because now the barrel is being sold for a higher price. So after the crude has been refined, they have to sell the petroleum products and other byproducts of the crude at a higher price. So this also is another cause of the hike in oil prices. And it has a lot of impact on the economy. So visible impact, so obvious impacts on the economy. If, because many countries like country Nigeria now depends our main source of revenue is from oil. So if the price of oil goes up, you expect all other things to follow. Because we are mainly dependent on oil. Dependent on oil for transportation, depend on oil as well for industries. So if the price goes up, all other parts of the economy will grow up too. And this one of the major effects is that it leads to increase in price of goods and services of products. Because manufacturers use fuel for their machines in industry and they have to now they are buying it at a higher price. So it affects the price of what they produce as well. And in all aspects, both in agriculture, in transport industry, the rate of transportation also increase. And due to the effects of the hike in oil price. And if I may ask, what has been your personal experience that I have encountered with the rising oil price? That you have encountered. 04:46:98 04:47:97 [Speaker 2]: Rising oil price especially in my country, Nigeria has really caused a lot of issue in terms of food. Like you go to the market today, you buy a particular commodity for a particular price. Then the next day the price increase or triple save in some cases due to the increment, increase in oil price. Because even our oil are being sold when we transport them that we have been. We transport them using dollar. And whenever the dollar goes up automatically, the oil price also goes, will go up. Which will have other effects on the. Our goods and services that we buy. Even regular trans transport also became. We will become very, very expensive. This um. All these increments already has caused a lot of increment in poverty in our community. Because you can't. There is no increment in salaries and everything is increasing. So there is hike in every goods. So it would be impossible for people to buy, that are collecting minimal salary to also buy goods. 06:15:98 06:16:98 [Speaker 1]: And the effect it has an enormous effect on people in rate of, like you talk about poverty, people are unable to afford people are getting poorer and the minimum wage has not been increased. So it makes people not to be able to afford the things they can buy before because the old price has increased. And I think some solutions that can be. That can be preferred is one. If they can resolve the conflict in all these countries are cause the increase of crude go up. If there can be less wars among nations, it will greatly reduce the price of oil. And even within the country as well, If conflict and within communities where crude are being extracted from. If they can come into a peaceful resolution, I think it also affects the price and it will bring it down. And also corruption as well. There's a high rate of corruption in our country that has cause the fuel price to increase because people are stealing fuel, and those are in government are secretly stealing the fuel, making it short and making the price to go high. So if you can address all these issues, I believe that, the fuel, the price, the hike in price of fuel will greatly reduce. I need to have a good effects on the economy. Things will be balanced, and people will be able to afford the common things that they could afford before. 07:52:96

general

19-25

Igala

NG

00:00:00 [Speaker 1]: Alright, so our topic for today is technology. 00:06:02 [Speaker 2]: Does it bring people together? Does it bring people closer or does it drive them? Apartheid? What's your take on that? 00:15:03 [Speaker 1]: This is a very tricky one because in my opinion, technology bring people together and it also drives them apart. But in this instance, I would say that it's bringing people together. 00:30:02 [Speaker 2]: I disagree. The majority of the technology, mostly it like drives people apart. 00:42:03 [Speaker 1]: You think so? 00:44:03 [Speaker 2]: Yes. 00:44:03 [Speaker 1]: All right, so the main reason that I'm saying that it's bringing people closer. 00:51:01 [Speaker 2]: Would be. 00:54:98 [Speaker 1]: The source of communication. Right? So we are able to communicate with our loved ones, even though they are across borders, they are in other countries, they are not close to us, but we are able to get in touch with them. And it's because of technology that is possible, you know? So why would you think that it's driving people apart? 01:27:02 [Speaker 2]: It goes both ways, actually. 01:29:02 [Speaker 1]: It does. 01:31:98 [Speaker 2]: But the majority, I would say, drives people apart because, like, there's a lot of negativity in social media. 01:39:98 [Speaker 1]: Yeah, because social media is also a part of technology. 01:46:02 [Speaker 2]: It drives people apart because, like, example, if you post something and like, people are good in your comment and violate you, say bad things about you, bully you. Cyberbullying just because. Yeah, cyberbullying. And it will get you like self esteem down. 02:04:98 [Speaker 1]: Yeah. 02:10:00 [Speaker 2]: And for people, you know, like, like personally, you would like, they would like sometimes like expose you for things that shouldn't be known. And most of the times you would like, cut those people off. That's why it's driving them apart. 02:33:03 [Speaker 1]: That's why. Yeah, you, you have a point there. You know, the other day I was actually, I saw this post on Facebook. Right? 02:43:01 [Speaker 2]: Yes. 02:43:01 [Speaker 1]: So there was this, there was a Snapchat of this lady and a guy. So they were holding hands in the mall, you know, but the caption was like, you know what? This guy is a married man, so he was actually cheating on his wife. You know, so it's actually a bad impact because, all right. It is a good thing that a woman finally knows the wife found out. 03:16:99 [Speaker 2]: And knows the truth. 03:16:99 [Speaker 1]: Yeah. What her husband was actually up to all this time. But the thing is, it's going to hurt her. She's going to hurt to. 03:26:99 [Speaker 2]: That's why I say it's driving them apart. 03:29:02 [Speaker 1]: Yes. And in a case of children, social. 03:31:100 [Speaker 2]: Media, you know, they will get bullied. 03:35:01 [Speaker 1]: You know, when once something is actually there on social media, it is there forever. Forever. If you go after 15 years and search for it still there, you're going to find it, you know? But then I heard that if you want to take something down on social media or on a website, it cost you a lot of cash. Have you heard of them? 03:55:99 [Speaker 2]: Even if you do take it down, people who know. 04:00:98 [Speaker 1]: Yeah. 04:00:98 [Speaker 2]: Will, like, bully you. They still know. That doesn't mean when it. When the video or anything, it's taken. It's taken. It's taken down on the. Yeah, social media, it's not taken down on people's, like, brains. They remember it. 04:18:98 [Speaker 1]: Google is actually spying on us. I'm telling you. I'm telling you. So I also feel sorry for the kids, you know, to. Because they're gonna get bullied at school and, yeah, it's driving them apart in some way, you know. So in a case of schools, would you say that technology has brought people together or driven them apartheid schools premises? 04:50:01 [Speaker 2]: I don't know about that, because, like, in our school, we don't use. Actually, we don't use phones. 04:55:02 [Speaker 1]: Yeah. 04:55:02 [Speaker 2]: Yeah. So, yeah, we only use books, but for other, like, schools where they use, like, technology, like laptops, it's. It's, it's. It's a good thing because, like, the books are heavy. Books are heavy. So having to carry, like, um, just laptop and it has all the textbooks you need to have is actually a good thing. It's a good thing, yeah. 05:25:98 [Speaker 1]: All right, so in the ongoing debate about the impact of technology on human relationships, the questions arises. You know, this question, this topic that we actually talking about, it arises. Lot of time, you know, I've been hearing it about. I've been hearing about it for the longest time. So I also feel that it brings us together because I can actually work from home, you know, with my laptop, not being there by the office. I can talk to my colleagues and interact with them and also with clients, you know, if I need to talk with them regarding our work and stuff. 06:16:03 [Speaker 2]: And technology is addictive, so it drives people, um, drives people away, like, they don't from themselves mental states and friends, because, like, most. Most people would rather, like, go. Go on their phone and scroll on TikTok, social media, score anything, and not go with their friends and, like, having, like, you know. 06:41:99 [Speaker 1]: Yeah. So, like, in this case, we didn't actually disagree with each other that much. We actually agree with each other because it goes both ways, you know? So I would say that it has the capacity to both bring people close together and create distance, depending on how it is utilized. 07:06:99 [Speaker 2]: Utilized. 07:06:99 [Speaker 1]: You know, by leveraging digital tools, you know, thoughtfully and managing screen time and in person interactions, you know, people can. 07:22:01 [Speaker 2]: Benefit from technology, can harness the benefits. 07:25:01 [Speaker 1]: Yeah, they can. While preserving the richness of personal connections. We actually shouldn't forget that we actually need each other more than we need technology know. But it's also, it's, it's actually always nice to go paperless. As you said, books are heavy. And, you know, what I like about computers, or rather laptops is that you can create your file, you can create your file and your documents and you can file your documents nicely in your, in your folders, in your computer, alphabetically. So whenever you need documents. Yes. It's easier, it's easier to go there. 08:14:02 [Speaker 2]: Than carrying loads of weight. 08:17:02 [Speaker 1]: Yeah. Yes. So other than that, I feel that we, and, you know, and white light. 08:25:98 [Speaker 2]: We need lightest technology. 08:28:01 [Speaker 1]: Yeah, lightest technology. 08:30:00 [Speaker 2]: Light bulbs. 08:30:00 [Speaker 1]: Yeah, yeah. To cook, we need technology. Yeah. 08:34:99 [Speaker 2]: We need stoves. You know, so it actually has a good, like, it goes both sides. 08:41:00 [Speaker 1]: Yeah. But when coming to a point of machinery innovation, I feel that most people. 08:52:01 [Speaker 2]: Loses their job because of their job, because of technology. Yeah, yeah. Though, um, technology actually that advances and they make robots so they cannot pay like, people. 09:08:03 [Speaker 1]: They cannot pay people. 09:08:03 [Speaker 2]: And, uh, the robots are actually most efficient and give out better results. 09:15:99 [Speaker 1]: But it's not, it's, yeah, not a. 09:18:98 [Speaker 2]: Good thing on, like, for the companies. A good, it's a good thing because, like, they don't get delayed because of people. Because some people can have a limit of, like, physical labor. 09:31:98 [Speaker 1]: Yeah. 09:31:98 [Speaker 2]: So, like, the world do not get, like, don't have like, day off day. 09:38:98 [Speaker 1]: I do get that it's an ongoing thing, productivity. But then when it, when it comes, yeah, when it comes to maybe do they service robots, those robots or whatever, how do they, like, do they maintain them? Maintenance, my guy. Like, I feel that they, they do need maintenance because you can't, you can't, you can't work every day without maintenance. You know, it's like a car. You need to service your car after a certain time of, period of time. Yes. You need to service it. You need to service like, everything. Even your laptop, your computer, you, laptop, you, you need to service them. Yeah. So I don't know. But then, you know what? I'll research about that if robots are actually being maintained or what. So in concluding everything, I feel that today's topic was very educative to me. Yeah, it was very educative to me because we actually don't, we actually take things, like, for granted. For granted. But I also feel that, you know, what? What do you feel about google? 10:55:98 [Speaker 2]: Google? I feel. I feel like it's a good thing. 10:58:02 [Speaker 1]: Yeah. 10:58:02 [Speaker 2]: It has this downside. Downside body. But mostly. Mostly it's a good thing because, like, you could just google something if, like, you need something, like, work related. Just go to google quick search, get what you want. 11:14:03 [Speaker 1]: Or maybe if you're busy with a. 11:15:99 [Speaker 2]: Rather than. Rather than going to a book, reading everything. Yeah. Going to libraries, you have Google fast. Yeah. 11:24:02 [Speaker 1]: Or maybe when you. Maybe when you're busy with your book and then you come across this road that you really do not understand, so you kind of. 11:32:98 [Speaker 2]: It's just quick to go to Google rather than to fetch a dictionary and go search for the word. I feel like a lot of. 11:46:98 [Speaker 1]: Yeah. Some people may not feel the same way that we do, but I feel that, you know, and there are a lot of things that, you know, we can teach our toddlers. There are a lot of videos that we get on phones, social media about, you know, learning them side words, learning them, the sounds of. Of every Alphabet and stuff, making it creative, you know? So I think that it is a. It is bringing people together because, I mean, do you watch cocomelon? Yeah. Because immediately, when your toddlers acting upon you, you immediately turn on the cocomelo on your smart tv. It's actually technology. And then he or she becomes pleasant, happy with you and stuff. So it brought you together, and they become smart. 12:52:02 [Speaker 2]: Those shows, like, give. Give out education. 12:57:03 [Speaker 1]: Yeah. But then I also heard that we should actually choose which shows should they watch. 13:02:01 [Speaker 2]: Yeah, because there are some. That's what I'm saying. There are some good things. There's some bad things. There's some, like, kid things you don't know that, like, um, has a better gender. 13:14:03 [Speaker 1]: Yeah. 13:14:03 [Speaker 2]: Like, your kids. So your kids are not gonna grow up. Like, how. They're actually gonna actually have to. 13:21:01 [Speaker 1]: Yes. 13:21:01 [Speaker 2]: But the good side is they know. They. They get to know a lot of things. They get to know how to, like, talk to people because, like, they remember. Oh, I remember this. I remember this. So, yeah, technology is a. I once saw this. 13:38:01 [Speaker 1]: This video on TikTok. This guy was actually trashing Peppa pig. Do you know Peppa pig? Yes, peppa pig. He was actually trashing it, saying that we shouldn't let kids watch Peppa Pig because she's actually rude and she's so controlling, you know? And then one time, I took time to actually watch it because my son watches it. He loves it. Yes. So I actually took time to watch it, right? So while I was busy watching it, what he said and comparing to what I see to what I saw at that moment was actually two different things. You know, I saw pepper conducting good manners for his. For her brother George, you know? 14:37:03 [Speaker 2]: Now let's wrap it up. In conclusion, technology has good and bad things, so you just gotta drive them. 14:45:99 [Speaker 1]: Apartheid.

general

26-40

Sesotho

ZA

Speaker 1: Okay, so Mr Joel Solomon, what brought you here? Speaker 2: Since 4days ago, I’ve been having problem on my…cough problem and fever Speaker 1: Ok ok ok sorry, can you tell me more about it? Speaker 2: It usually happen every night, especially in the night, I can’t able to sleep. Speaker 1: Ok you feel it more at night? Speaker 2: Yes yes yes. Speaker 1: Ok sorry, did any body maybe in your working place or or in your environment have similar issue? Speaker 2: Yes, my co worker is an covid 19 patient. Speaker 1: Oh ok, have you gone to hospital? Speaker 2: No no that is the reason why I come here to lay complain Speaker 1: Did you feel chest pain? Speaker 2: Yes yes I feel chest pain and very difficult to breathe sometimes. Speaker 1: Ok ok have you checked your blood pressure? Speaker 2: No. Speaker 1: Ok, are you married? Speaker 2: Yes. Speaker 1: Ok are you..With how many children? Speaker 2: 2 boys Speaker 1: Ok are you and your family living together? Speaker 2: No no. Speaker 1: Ok ok did you eat well? Speaker 2: Yes. Speaker 1: Did you smoke? Speaker 2: No no. Speaker 1: Did you take alcohol ? Speaker 2: No no. Speaker 1: Are you allergic to any drug or food? Speaker 2: No no. Speaker 1: Alright you are welcome mr Solomon. Speaker 2: Ma may God bless you. Speaker 1: I will keep in touch with you. Speaker 2: Ok ma thanks for your time.

medical

19-25

Hausa

NG

00:01:00 [Speaker 2]: You're welcome. 00:01:02 00:02:01 [Speaker 1]: On today's topic, we'll be discussing about racism. I have several questions to ask about it. Mr Liam, could you kindly tell us what is racism? 00:11:03 00:12:02 [Speaker 2]: Racism, to me, is discrimination or by an individual, community, or institution against a person or people on the basis of their membership or particular racial or ethnic group. 00:31:03 00:33:98 [Speaker 1]: And while we are still at it, have you ever personally experienced or witnessed racism? 00:39:98 00:40:03 [Speaker 2]: Yes, I have two cases where I witnessed or I was a victim of racism. Number one, I was reported by my neighbors who thought I was a thief just because of my color. 01:00:100 01:00:100 [Speaker 1]: When was and where was this? 01:02:100 01:04:01 [Speaker 2]: This happened in the United States of America. I had gone to stay with my cousin. I went there as a student. Yes. Number two, the other case happened at school where students used to bully me because of my color, because of my race. And it really was a bad incident. 01:31:01 01:31:02 [Speaker 1]: So sorry about that. And how did it make you feel? 01:36:03 01:37:100 [Speaker 2]: I felt that my self esteem had gone down. I was insecure. I was also. And I also became antisocial. I was traumatized. Yes. 01:54:03 01:55:100 [Speaker 1]: So, Mr Liam, I'm so sorry to hear about that and the experience that you went through. And do you think racism is still an issue in today's society? 02:05:00 02:06:01 [Speaker 2]: Yes, racism still is an issue in today's society because it affects so many people, and it also causes mostly self esteem and you lose, or it affects the abilities of yourself. 02:28:00 02:30:00 [Speaker 1]: And How do you think we can work towards eradicating it? 02:33:99 02:35:03 [Speaker 2]: Racism can be worked to be eradicated in several ways. You can learn to recognize and understand your own privileges. By this, you can be checking your own privileges and using your privileges to dismantle systematic racism by race. You can examine your own biases and consider where they may have originated. In that case. I mean, you ask yourself as a kid, what messages did you receive about other people who are different from you? You can also validate the experiences and feelings of people of color. By that, you can do by supporting the experiences and engaging in tough conversation about race and injustices. You can also challenge the colorblind ideology. You can also call out racist jokers or correct them and educate them. You can find out how your school or your company, which you work in, is expanded or has expanded opportunities for people of color. 04:09:01 04:10:100 [Speaker 1]: Thank you very much, Mr Washira, for your time. To make us understand more about racism. And I'm really sorry about the experience that you had in the US. And hopefully people understand more about racism and those that are in the forefront to make sure that people feel insecure the way you felt and antisocial the way you felt because of racism, they really stop about it. Thank you once again for agreeing to be on board with us. 04:46:03 04:47:02 [Speaker 2]: Thank you so much for inviting me. And thank you so much for sharing about racism. One thing I would like to tell people, people should always fight racism. It's not good and it always affects your self esteem. That is the first thing racism does. 05:08:98 05:10:04 [Speaker 1]: Thank you. 05:10:98 05:11:00 [Speaker 2]: You're welcome. 05:11:02

general

26-40

Swahili

KE

00:00:00 [Speaker 1]: Okay, what brought you here? 00:05:98 [Speaker 2]: I have a rectal bleeding and discomfort. 00:18:03 [Speaker 1]: How long does the bleeding started? 00:24:02 [Speaker 2]: It started two days ago. 00:31:98 [Speaker 1]: Okay, can you tell me more about this? 00:38:98 [Speaker 2]: The bleeding started 2 days ago. I feel pain. I have bright red stool - blood. I noticed it on toilet paper when i wanted to poop and it does not mix with stool and I have pain and discomfort in my rectal region. It's aching and itching. 01:35:01 [Speaker 1]: Did you have abdominal pain? 01:39:03 [Speaker 2]: I do not have abdominal pain. 01:44:02 [Speaker 1]: Did you have fever? 01:46:01 [Speaker 2]: I do not have fever. 01:48:99 [Speaker 1]: Did you have weight loss or changes in bowel habit? 01:54:03 [Speaker 2]: No. 01:59:02 [Speaker 1]: Did you have constipation? 02:02:02 [Speaker 2]:No 02:06:02 [Speaker 1]: Did you have straining during bowel movement? 02:10:02 [Speaker 2]: No. 02:15:99 [Speaker 1]: Have you ever had any similar conditions like that in the past? 02:24:98 [Speaker 2]: No 02:28:03 [Speaker 1]: Did you travel? 02:30:03 [Speaker 2]: No. 02:35:02 [Speaker 1]: Did you have any chronic disease? 02:41:03 [Speaker 2]: No. 02:44:98 [Speaker 1]: Have you ever undergo any surgery in the past? 02:49:98 [Speaker 2]: No. 02:52:03 [Speaker 1]: Have anybody in your family experienced anything like this? 03:00:02 [Speaker 2]: No. 03:08:98 [Speaker 1]: Do you drink? 03:10:98 [Speaker 2]: No, I did not drink. 03:15:01 [Speaker 1]: Did you take alcohol? Smoke cigarette? 03:18:01 [Speaker 2]: No. 03:22:100 [Speaker 1]: Do you have allergies to food, to any food? 03:27:98 [Speaker 2]:No"

medical

19-25

Isoko

NG

00:02:00 [Speaker 1]: So today's topic is who or what defines morality. Morality is a concept that is constantly debated and questioned with varying perspectives on what defines it. Some believe that morality is determined by religious beliefs or cultural norms, while others argue that it is based on personal values and principles. Ultimately, who or what defines morality? Ultimately, the who or what defines morality is a complex and subjective topic, often influenced by a combination of factors such as upbringing, societal influences, and personal experiences. In this sense, mortality can be, morality can be seen as a fluid and constantly evolving concept shaped by individuals and collective perceptions and understandings. So, Bayo, what would you say is the biggest influence on your personal sense of morality? 01:13:03 01:14:99 [Speaker 2]: Okay, this is quite a tricky question, says that what would you say is the biggest influence on your personal sense of morality? Well, one of the things that I've affected, that have greatly influenced my moral values, that would be my upbringing. You see, one of the, as we were growing up, at least up to the time I remember, I was living, I was conscious, but I remember my parents, they were very strict about what we did, our behaviour to ourselves and to others. And they always think about, and they always prioritize one thing, even aside our education and our religious activities that we have good, that we had good upbringing. Number one, one of the things that they taught us. So when in my early stages of life, good moral values were always emphasized such that whenever you see an elderly person, you greet the person. If you see, if you see somebody older than you, you know how to call him, maybe you call him brother so, so, so. Brother, brother Faith. Exactly. Uncle Faith. If he's much older than you or daddy Faith, depending on if he has given birth or daddy and all those simple etiquettes, those can, those are things, those are the moral values I was taught while growing up. Then it goes to, then we talk about societal influences. Now, when one of the things that also the time directly influence my, for us what they call my moral, my morality, that would be my social influences. Because while I was in school, even if I weren't taught by my parents, I would see how people were relating to other people. My younger people would talk to me. Hey, good afternoon, sir. When you see another person greeting the time of day. Good afternoon, ma. Good afternoon, madam. If you want to be someone, you don't know even his name, you know how to address the person. And if you, sorry, and if, and when you see somebody, even older than you want, you know how to address the person. So, and even if I didn't, like I said, even if I didn't see all these things around me, I was. I went to my place, I was all these things around me. So some of the things that influence my moral, my moral values. 03:40:01 03:40:98 [Speaker 1]: So thank you, Bayo but I also like the take something on that. All of the things that influenced my moral values is when I was young, when I used to grow up, I would be given, I'll be given something by many of my uncle or my auntie or someone I know. So when I'm given that thing, maybe my, my sibling will be with me and he will ask some of, some of it for me. Some children that were not well brought up, they would respond negatively that they were not going to give selfishly in a way that they used to do while we were young, they would have clench their shoulder close to their cheek and they will say, son, so that thing used to irritate my parents. And when I grow, also began to irritate me. But when I was young, my parents always taught me that when I asked or something, I will give, I must give, I should give. And even if I don't want to give, I would deny polite, in a polite manner, not show, up in your shoulder because that irritated them so much that they had to, they even had to caution some children that were not there or even when they, when they saw it. And what we done in my life, because of all these things that I've been taught, whenever someone asks me for something, it's always on my mind. That it, it is, that I should give it. But as someone, the person is asking, I'm releasing it, because I have conditioned my heart that once someone asks, you are going to give. And another thing in life is that the way that I've given people, given people that this person is good, that even when I've given him, he's going to give me. And even when I give him, even when he gives me, I'm going to give him. So all that mutual and vice versa cycle has always continued in my life and it has always helped me in my moral values. So over to the next topic, which is. 05:52:99 05:52:99 [Speaker 2]: Wait, let's not go dancing. Yes, let me, I have something to add. So I'll also ask you something. Now, one of the things also that my parents taught me growing up is that we always learn to share. Some other children will just look at it that, look at what I have, how can I share out of it. But one thing my parents always emphasize was that no matter how little or no matter how big it is, you always share. There was certain children in our house and neighbors. They had, they had, they had an only child for the child was about five. But five years later, they had the second born. The difference was about five years. So whenever they think they were born from the younger one, the older one will not share. The younger one was share because. And so if the other one wanted something, you have to steal from the other one. Maybe they take the thing off his hand. So only, you take your share and walk away. This caused a lot of this, problem for the, conflicts for the parents. Because they were always reporting issues. Hey, mom, this, this did to me. Hey, mom, this did that to me. It gave them a lot of problem, and this was because couldn't the children have to share? My parents foresaw this and make sure that no matter, even though I was, I had the little savings. No matter how much what I had, I always learned to share. No matter how small, what the condition, whatever I had, we shared. Whether it was much, whether it was little, whether it was even sufficient, we would share. We would just share it. That's one of the great moral upgrades that my parents gave me, which I'm gratefully appreciate it for. So I think we can go to the next topic now. 07:35:98 07:38:00 [Speaker 1]: And thank you, Bayo, for your contribution, for your contribution, and I would like to cite another example. At my place of work, there used to be, there was a, an executive officer that he was. He wasn't even really into sharing. This is not really into sharing, but I mean, that's moral value and a moral value. This executive officer, whenever he sees his, yes, thank you Bayo, his subordinate, it would not show the subordinate, expect the subordinate, to give greeting. He will greet before the subordinate. Even though the, even though he, some others, some people will feel that I'm in a higher position. This person supposed to greet me before I greet him, and he will not greet him, and if you don't greet me, I want to make sure you pay for it. But this man, this, this officer wasn't like that. Once he saw you, this, this is my, this is my, my friend, and this is my subordinate, he will greet and the person respond to him very politely. This also helped the relationship with other people, because there was even a time that. There was even a time that this man was sorry, so there was even a time that this man was. There was around his personality and his job. So it was questioned by the administrative, administrative office and the administrators. So when it was questioned, it was, it was, it was, the evidence again was against him. But when the peoples, when people heard about this, the subordinates , but when they heard about this, they were very confused that this man, this man is our friend that greet us well, how could he do such a thing. So the people, the officers were not satisfied with their, with their, what they did, what they had, they had concluded to do, to fire him or even demote him to a lower level. But when the, when I said, I mean, the subordinate were alerted, when they heard of this, they pleaded on his behalf for what he had done and they encouraged, they convinced, they successfully convinced their administrative on to, on his, his punishment, and they, they just gave me a second check, because it was not much of an offense, but they gave me a second chance and the man was not. They didn't take that from the. 10:22:02 10:27:99 [Speaker 2]: I also remember one of the, an instance where was, that was. When was that? Anyway, I had a story from my friends that there was. No, sorry, pardon me, let me give this example. I went to one of my friends house. We both grew, we both grew up together, we've known each other since high school. So we went to, I went to his house and already he has married and given birth. So we went, we went together for like a get together party. So I met him there, and everybody was discussing, because we were many hey, Lagbaja, we've not seen today, how is business, how is family, this and that, everybody discussing. In the height of all the laughter, everybody was happy relating with one another. That's when we sent for one child to get him what's the Chivita pack, because he wanted to, we just ran out of Chivita. So the girl wasn't happy that something conflict she had with her mom, so as soon as they grumbling, you know, the way these poor children behave, everybody was greatly appalled by her behaviour . Everybody turned to I said, who just displayed that character? Instantly the man was caught with shame, and my friend was caught to shame, and he said it again, in a louder voice. go do this and this, and even, she complained even louder to him. This, this, what can I say? It caught everybody's attention even more that wow? What again? Then instantly, then instantly. The next time, she said it a third time. And next thing, she went up to his feet, took his slipper, and she slapped the slipper against his face. Everybody was jaw dropped. I didn't even myself, I was, I didn't even know when my, literally, when my jaw just dropped. You can imagine what, how this girl had embarrassed her father, because her father couldn't teach her moral values. Let me also take you to one of the time when I went to my friends home, as I got there, I had heavy load because I had heavy loads. So as I got out of my car and I greeted, when they saw me, they couldn't even greet me, his children, they couldn't greet me. They were looking at me to take, even take my bag, they couldn't. But my friend had to tell them, hey, go and take his bag now, go and take his bag. They couldn't do that. So imagine how this lack of moral values have disgraced his father. It's affecting his family because those children will never listen to him respectfully. Who is this one now? Who is this one now? 13:09:02 13:09:03 [Speaker 1]: And Bayo, not only this family with this moral, lack of moral values affect, it will even affect the children's family, because they have not been taught so why would they teach their children? 13:20:99 13:20:99 [Speaker 2]: Exactly, because it's what, and it's because, and it's what they know now that they would treat their children. They can't just get off the roof of their heads and hey, people are supposed to do. That's what I'm saying, so this is what, this is what is affecting moral values. You see how moral value is affected. That's why I'm grateful for my parents teaching that, they talked me up and they brought me up very well. 13:48:02 13:49:03 [Speaker 1]: Thank you, Bayo. So can we proceed to the second topic? 13:51:02 13:51:02 [Speaker 2]: Yes. 13:52:03 13:53:03 [Speaker 1]: So Bayo what are some common factors that people use to determine what is morally right or wrong? 14:00:02 14:01:00 [Speaker 2]: Okay, now I had a very, I had a friend, she said that she was a very religious person. And when I tell you, a very religious person, I mean very religious person, it's not on the scale you think that she's, when I say religious person, I mean someone that is really, really, what can I say? Not biblical, but very religious. She believed that nobody could really determine what was right or wrong, that only God could do that. You can imagine that if anybody, and if we try to determine, to what's wrong or not, we won't be coy because we are not, we are not, humans are not perfect. I quite agree, but not in that sense. So, so what she did was that she, whenever she saw that, she, whenever she thought of anything that she would tell her heart that her God, what do you want me to do? Is this thing correct? Is this thing right? Is this thing wrong? Is this thing morally correct? and this thing was quite, I must say, it was quite strange to me that what is this woman doing? It was a very odd way of going to determine what is right and wrong. Yes. So let me give you another example, another thing, factor that people think to use to determine what is morally right and morally wrong. Some people, some people believe that society's accepted standards of behaviour often shape people moral compass. What a society accepts this, accept that you don't do this, that you don't do that, that is what they are. They believe in their, that's what they use there, is their moral compass. This is what our society accepts. This is what our culture accept, so this is what one of the things that determines what people do. So now what about our personal concept, conscience, intuition, people just use the, this thing I'm about to do, it doesn't feel right and if it's being done to me, I wouldn't like it. You might be such a selfish. I really appreciate that. I wouldn't like it. It wouldn't do it. This thing I'm about to do, is it really good? And another thing is that a personal reflection play a role. You reflect over what you want to do that what I, look at the consequences I want to do, Is it a good thing to do? Can I take it from someone else? and all these things play a role in guiding individuals to discern right from wrong. So then you also look at the. Some people assess the morality of an action based on its consequences. So they consider it. This is the concept of if I do this thing, this is the consequence if I don't do it. So they weigh their options, which one pays me, which one doesn't. So they do this to, aiming to maximize overall happiness and to minimize suffering. So let's look at ethical principles. Philosophical frameworks such as kantian ethics, virtue ethics and social contract theory provide guidelines for determining moral behavior. So some of the things, factors that, what can I say, that, common factor that people used to determine what is morally right or wrong. 17:20:01 17:22:98 [Speaker 1]: Thank you Bayo and I also like to give some, I also like to answer that question. So, some of the factors that also determine what is morally right or morally wrong is the legal, is the legal system. Because while laws may not always align perfectly with morality, they often reflect sociality, societal values and influence on individuals perceptions of right and wrong. So their perceptions of right and wrong, so most people think about legal system also part of what they used to determine the morality. For example, when you have a case, when you have a case with someone, a problem, maybe someone took your land, they said, this is where his land stop, this is where yours begins, and this is where mine starts. So when we attitude to the court, the court is not, you determine the, the outcome. Yes, the outcome of the case because they will use the evidence available with them that okay, this is, this is the, for example, this is the survey of the land. So if you, I don't care, you are correct. So that's how the law uses their legal system to, to determine moral values. So, Bayo, do you have anything else that you would like to say? 18:56:04 18:56:00 [Speaker 2]: No, I don't think so. 18:56:99 18:57:00 [Speaker 1]: Okay but I'm just listening. One last thing. So another thing is human rights. Because many people base their normal moral judgment on principles of equality, justice and the protection of fundamental rights. Because even when some people, when people have their own belief, that okay, these are what I think, I believe that is correct morally, when they look at it in the eyes of this human activist, would I be correct? Because of this equality will I be correct? Because of the rights they claim for this, because of the rights that they claim for this person, would they like it? Would they take it from me? So the person would not like to align all these beliefs with what that other person's human rights says. So, Bayo, just to conclude, do you have any other thing you'd like to say? 19:46:98 19:46:99 [Speaker 2]: No, I don't. Thank you. 19:49:03 19:49:02 [Speaker 1]: Thank you Bayo. 19:51:03 19:51:00 [Speaker 2]: It's a very good conversation. 19:52:02 19:52:02 [Speaker 1]: Thank you for your contribution too. Thank you. 19:55:03

general

41-55

Yoruba

NG

00:00:100 [Speaker 2]: You are welcome. 00:01:100 00:02:04 [Speaker 1]: On today's discussion, we'll be talking about good leadership. And before we dive in, I would like you to tell us what is good leadership? 00:11:04 00:13:99 [Speaker 2]: Good leadership is the ability to guide, inspire and motivate others towards achieving a common goal. It involves effective communication, problem solving, decision making and vision setting. A good leader leads by example, listens and values the opinions of their team, and promotes a positive work culture. They possess strong emotional intelligence, adaptability and resilience to navigate through challenges and drive success. 00:55:02 00:56:100 [Speaker 1]: Wow. Thank you very much. That will help us know more about good leadership. Now, what qualities make a good leader? Rather, Mr Motua 01:07:02 01:09:04 [Speaker 2]: We have several qualities that make a good leader. If we may start with number one, integrity. Whereby we will say integrity is the cornerstone of trust in leadership. And a good leader must possess unwavering integrity to inspire confidence and maintain credibility. When leaders consistently uphold their values and principles, they set a moral compass for their teams, fostering an environment of honesty and dependability. Number 2, we have innovation. Innovation is virtue for staying competitive and driven, driving progress. Good leaders encourage innovation by valuing new ideas and creating creative problem solving. They recognize that embracing change is essential to adapt and thrive in constantly evolving world. Number 3, we have vision. A leader's vision provides direction and I purpose for their team. It creates a shared goal that motivates and guides everyone toward a common objective. A leader with a clear vision can inspire and align their team's efforts toward achieving ambitious goals. Number 4, passion. Passion fuels dedication and perseverance. Good leaders are passionate about their work and vision, which motivates them and inspires others to give their best. This enthusiasm can drive a team to overcome obstacles and achieve greatness. Number 5, we have communication. Effective communication is a linchpin of leadership. Leaders must articulate their vision, provide guidance and listen actively to their team. Strong communication skills ensure that messages are understood, fostering collaboration and trust. Number 6, we have self awareness. Self awareness. Leaders understand their strengths and weaknesses. This awareness enables them to make informed decision, leverage their strength and work on areas that need improvement. It also allows them to relate better to their team members. Another one is empathy at number 7, empathy is the ability to understand and connect with others emotionally. Good leaders use empathy to build rapport, resolve conflicts and create a supportive and inclusive work environment. It shows team members that the leaders cares about their well being. Number 8, we have courage. Leadership often requires making tough decisions and facing challenges. And on courageous, leaders are willing to take calculated risks, stand up for their beliefs and confront difficulties. Situation which even when uncomfortable. Number 9, we have delegation. Effective delegation is a mark of a confidence and capable leader. By entrusting tasks to team members based on their strengths and skills, leaders empower their team to take ownership and develop their abilities. This frees a leader to focus on strategic aspects of their role. Number 10, learning agility. In rapidly changing world, leaders must be quick learners. Learning agility allows leaders to adapt new information and circumstances, continuously improving decision making and problem solving abilities. Number eleven, we have adaptability. Adaptability. Leaders must adapt to involving situation and challenges. Those who can embrace change and adjust their strategies accordingly are better equipped to lead their teams through uncertainty. And ambiguity. 12, we have decision making. In leadership, decision making isn't just a task, it's a pivotal skill. Effective leaders don't make choices on a whim. They thoughtfully align each decision with their border vision and goals. They seek diverse opinion carefully with the pros and cons, then choose a course of action with conviction. This meticulous approach not only drives their objective forward, but also builds trust and respect among team members, reinforcing their leader's role as trusted guide. Number 13, we have accountability. Accountability means taking responsibility for one's action and decision. When leaders hold themselves accountable, they set a standard of responsibility for their team, fostering a culture of ownership and reliability. Number 14, we have gratitude. In a leadership role, expressing gratitude goes far beyond simple courtesy. It serves as an acknowledgement of hard work and contributions of team members. This practice not only boosts morale, but also strengthens interpersonal relationships and fosters a positive work environment. Such an unmote becomes a catalyst for motivation and productivity. Reinforcing the leaders role is an uplifting and empowering presence. Number 15, we have influence. Influence or influential leaders inspire others to follow their lead willingly. They lead by example, creating a shared sense of purpose and commitment within the team. Their influence stems from their character, action and ability to connect with others. And the last one, and not the least, is respect. Respect for all team members, regardless of their role or background, is essential for creating a humorous and inclusive workplace. Leaders who demonstrate respect foster a culture of collaboration and mutual support, enabling everyone to thrive. 08:46:01 08:47:04 [Speaker 1]: Well, thank you very much for that. And on to our next question. How have you seen them demonstrated in your personal or professional experience? 08:56:100 08:58:00 [Speaker 2]: Where I used to work, our leader would communicate on time, on making adjustments to schedules and budgets. 09:08:99 09:09:02 [Speaker 1]: Wow. Thank you very much for that. And without wasting time, I would like us to proceed with the next question. Where, in your opinion, do you think leadership is something that can be learnt or is it an innate trait? 09:25:02 09:26:99 [Speaker 2]: Leadership is an invaluable asset for any organization and it can be learned. Education and training provide individuals with knowledge and skills that can help them become effective leaders. Through education and training, individuals gain the ability to recognize their strengths and weaknesses. 09:51:01 09:51:01 [Speaker 1]: Wow. And final, but not the last one, have you ever had a mentor or seen someone develop their leadership skills over time? 10:00:02 10:00:99 [Speaker 2]: Yes, I once worked in a credit company and in such companies you need a lot of patient, agility, awareness, passion and . My mentor really lacked those skills due to impatient, poor communication, education and anger issues. But with time he has really improved. At the moment, as we speak, he is at the forefront to educate and create awareness in good leadership skills. 10:40:00 10:41:04 [Speaker 1]: Wow. Thank you very much for your time. We are really grateful for that and we look forward to having you again. 10:48:100 10:50:05 [Speaker 2]: Thank you so much for having me and for your time. 10:52:100

general

26-40

Swahili

KE

00:02:00 [Speaker 2]: Good afternoon Mr. Ade 00:03:100 00:04:99 [Speaker 1]: Good afternoon doctor 00:06:01 00:07:03 [Speaker 2]: Okay. Please what brought you to the hospital today? 00:11:01 00:13:99 [Speaker 1]: Okay. I've been having pain in my abdomen, lower abdomen area 00:21:99 00:24:98 [Speaker 2]: Okay. Sorry. First of all, please, you said your name is Ade? 00:32:02 00:33:03 [Speaker 1]: Yes ma 00:33:99 00:35:98 [Speaker 2]: Okay. Please, how old are you? 00:38:00 00:39:98 [Speaker 1]: I am 35 years old 00:41:02 00:42:98 [Speaker 2]: Okay. And what tribe are you? 00:45:03 00:47:99 [Speaker 1]: I am Yoruba by tribe 00:49:02 00:50:03 [Speaker 2]: Okay. What of your religion? 00:54:98 00:56:02 [Speaker 1]: I'm a Christian 00:57:01 00:59:02 [Speaker 2]: Okay. Are you married sir? 01:00:98 01:01:99 [Speaker 1]: No. I'm not married 01:02:03 01:03:99 [Speaker 2]: Okay. What do you do for a living? Your occupation 01:07:01 01:08:99 [Speaker 1]: I'm a trader 01:10:01 01:11:03 [Speaker 2]: Okay. And where do you live? 01:14:00 01:15:03 [Speaker 1]: I live in Ekiti 01:16:03 01:18:02 [Speaker 2]: Okay. Alright Mr. Ade, you said you, you have right, is it what abdominal pain? 01:28:03 01:29:98 [Speaker 1]: Yes, lower abdominal pain 01:31:02 01:32:02 [Speaker 2]: Okay. Which side of the abdomen? The right or the left? 01:36:99 01:37:98 [Speaker 1]: I think it's on the right side 01:39:03 01:41:98 [Speaker 2]: On the right side 01:43:01 01:44:98 [Speaker 1]: Yes, ma 01:44:99 01:44:98 [Speaker 2]: Okay. Please when did you notice this pain? 01:47:01 01:49:01 [Speaker 1]: I think I started noticing the pain like two days ago 01:53:00 01:55:99 [Speaker 2]:Okay. And 01:58:01 01:57:100 [Speaker 1]:Two days ago 01:58:100 01:59:99 [Speaker 2]:Okay. Please how, how would you describe the character of this pain? Is it sharp? Is it burning? Is it dull? 02:11:04 02:12:03 [Speaker 1]:I think the pain is sharp in nature 02:15:98 02:17:99 [Speaker 2]:Okay. Does it, does it move?, like does it radiate to anywhere? Do you feel the pain maybe at the other side, maybe at the left or does it move to your upper abdomen or to your back or the pain is just in one particular position 02:39:03 02:39:03 [Speaker 1]:The pain is, it doesn't move anywhere. It's just in one particular position 02:43:03 02:44:98 [Speaker 2]: Okay. It doesn't radiate. Okay 02:46:03 02:46:99 [Speaker 1]: Yes 02:47:02 02:48:03 [Speaker 2]: And, have you taken anything since you started experiencing this pain. Have you taken anything to relieve the pain? 02:56:99 03:00:02 [Speaker 1]: Okay. Yes, I've, I've taken some medications but the pain is still not going away 03:11:99 03:11:99 [Speaker 2]: Okay. So, is there anything that makes the pain worse? Let's say if, if you're moving or if you lie down or if you sit up, does it make the pain worse or does it relieve the pain. Is there anything you'll do that'll make the pain worse? 03:31:01 03:33:03 [Speaker 1]: Not really. 03:35:03 03:37:01 [Speaker 2]: Okay. The pain is always there? 03:38:99 03:39:99 [Speaker 1]: Not really. I can't, Yes, just, just there 03:42:99 03:44:99 [Speaker 2]: Okay. And, okay, let's say on a scale of 1 to 10, with ten being the worst pain ever, how would you grade your pain? On a scale of 1 to 10, how severe is it? 04:02:00 04:04:03 [Speaker 1]: I think I'll give it an 8/10. 04:06:00 04:07:02 [Speaker 2]: Okay. I'm very sorry about that sir. 04:09:99 04:11:02 [Speaker 1]: Thank you. 04:11:98 04:11:98 [Speaker 2]: Does the pain worsen when you, let's say when you cough? 04:19:03 04:23:00 [Speaker 1]: Yes, yes, it worsens when I cough or when I'm moving 04:28:03 04:28:03 [Speaker 2]: Okay. Is there any associated swelling at that site where you're feeling the pain 04:35:02 04:36:02 [Speaker 1]: Sorry. I didn't get you 04:37:02 04:38:98 [Speaker 2]: Is there any swelling at the site of the pain? Where you're feeling the pain, is there a swelling there? 04:45:04 04:45:98 [Speaker 1]: No. There's no, there's no swelling at the site of the pain. 04:47:98 04:48:100 [Speaker 2]: Okay. And, did you have, were you involved in any let's say accident? Did you fall before you started feeling the pain, did you fall, did someone hit you at that site? Or blow you? 05:09:02 05:09:98 [Speaker 1]: No. I wasn't, I didn't experience any fall or there's no, nobody hit me at that site of the pain. 05:16:04 05:17:02 [Speaker 2]: Okay. This pain, is it constant or does it change, let's say is it bad in the morning and better in the afternoon or, or worse at night or it's just constant? 05:32:01 05:33:02 [Speaker 2]: You said... 05:34:01 05:36:02 [Speaker 1]: Okay, whether the pain is constant. No it's not, it's not constant 05:41:00 05:44:00 [Speaker 2]: Okay it's not constant? 05:45:02 05:46:99 [Speaker 1]: Oh sorry, the pain is actually constant 05:48:100 05:49:100 [Speaker 2]: Okay. 05:50:100 05:52:100 [Speaker 1]: And like it doesn't go away. It just stays, I don't feel ... 05:57:00 05:56:00 [Speaker 2]: It doesn't change with time? 05:57:03 05:58:100 [Speaker 1]: Yes, yes it doesn't change with time 06:00:02 06:02:00 [Speaker 2]: Okay, okay, do you have loss of...I'm coming. Do you experience any headache? 06:10:02 06:15:03 [Speaker 1]: No. I don't experience any headache 06:19:00 06:20:98 [Speaker 2]: Okay, how about dizziness or fainting? 06:23:99 06:26:99 [Speaker 1]: I also do not, I don't, I've not experienced fainting or dizziness 06:32:98 06:34:00 [Speaker 2]: Okay, and how about chest pain? Is there any chest pain? 06:41:02 06:44:02 [Speaker 1]: No. I also do not experience chest pain 06:47:04 06:48:00 [Speaker 2]: Okay, how about coughing 06:49:01 06:52:02 [Speaker 1]: Yes, I use to, I do cough and anytime I cough, the pain worsens 06:56:00 06:57:02 [Speaker 2]: Okay. When you cough, do you see blood in your cough 07:02:98 07:04:98 [Speaker 1]: No. There's no, no blood. I don't use to see blood when I cough 07:09:98 07:10:100 [Speaker 2]: Okay. But do you have difficulty in breathing or you're breathing normal 07:16:00 07:19:03 [Speaker 1]: No. I just don't have difficulty in breathing 07:22:02 07:23:98 [Speaker 2]: Okay, what of loss of appetite? Do you have loss of appetite? 07:31:98 07:34:98 [Speaker 1]: Yeah, I used to experience loss of appetite 07:36:02 07:38:04 [Speaker 2]: Okay, what of, what of nausea? Were you feeling nauseous? Or vomiting? 07:45:00 07:44:01 [Speaker 1]: Yeah, I usually feel nauseous also 07:46:98 07:48:01 [Speaker 2]: Do you vomit? Did you ever vomit since this started? 07:51:98 07:52:99 [Speaker 1]: Yes. I think I've vomited like twice now 07:55:99 07:57:03 [Speaker 2]: Okay. Twice? Was it on the same day? 08:00:99 08:03:03 [Speaker 1]: No. It wasn't on the same day 08:05:100 08:07:99 [Speaker 2]: Okay. Please do you remember the colour of the, of the content you vomited? Was it yellowish or greenish? Or just? 08:19:100 08:17:99 [Speaker 1]: It was yellowish 08:19:00 08:19:100 [Speaker 2]: Okay. Was it plenty? Was, was the volume, how would you say, was it small quantity or was it a lot? 08:28:100 08:29:03 [Speaker 1]: It was just, it wasn't a lot and it wasn't too small. Just somewhere around the middle. 08:35:02 08:35:02 [Speaker 2]: Okay and how about your bowel movement? Have you been going to the toilet the way you usually go or are you having diarrhoea? 08:50:03 08:47:98 [Speaker 1]: No, I think I don't notice...No, I don't, I don't experience diarrhoea 08:53:98 08:54:98 [Speaker 2]: Okay. And no, is there blood or mucus in your stool? 09:00:01 09:03:99 [Speaker 1]: No. There's no blood and there's no mucus also 09:05:99 09:07:99 [Speaker 2]: Okay. Are you experiencing groin pain? Pain around your groin? 09:11:01 09:14:02 [Speaker 1]: No, no groin pain 09:16:98 09:17:99 [Speaker 2]: Okay. Do you urinate more at night? 09:20:100 09:25:01 [Speaker 1]: No, my urine is normal 09:26:99 09:30:02 [Speaker 2]: Do you, okay, do you think, have you been urinating less than usual or more than usual or your urine volume is still normal? 09:39:00 09:41:00 [Speaker 1]: No, I think my urine is just fine, it's just, it's normal 09:44:00 09:46:03 [Speaker 2]: Okay. And have you seen blood in your urine? Since you started experiencing this 09:52:01 09:51:01 [Speaker 1]: No, there's no blood in my urine. 09:53:00 09:55:01 [Speaker 2]: Okay. Have you had fever? 09:57:01 10:00:03 [Speaker 1]: No fever also. I've not experienced fever. 10:03:00 10:01:01 [Speaker 2]: Have you had fever? Okay, and have you lost weight? 10:07:03 10:05:00 [Speaker 1]: No fever. I think my weight is just fine, just normal 10:10:98 10:14:03 [Speaker 2]: Okay. And, were you in contact with any, anybody who was ill or coughing before you started experiencing this pain? 10:28:03 10:29:02 [Speaker 1]: No I don't, I can't remember being in contact with anybody of such 10:32:02 10:34:01 [Speaker 2]:Okay, Alright, Do you have, do you experience pain when you want to swallow food 10:46:03 10:48:01 [Speaker 1]: No, I don't experience pain when I'm swallowing 10:52:03 10:52:99 [Speaker 2]: Okay, and have you noticed, when you look in the mirror, have you noticed yellowish colouration of your eye? 11:04:100 11:08:98 [Speaker 1]: No, I've not noticed any of such colouration 11:12:02 11:13:02 [Speaker 2]: Okay. Do you have joint pain? Or swelling? Joint swelling? 11:18:99 11:17:98 [Speaker 1]: Joint pain? 11:18:02 11:19:01 [Speaker 2]: Yes 11:19:99 11:21:00 [Speaker 1]: No. I also do not have those. 11:23:98 11:26:02 [Speaker 2]: Okay. And, okay, have you experienced this before, before now? This pain 11:34:00 11:35:99 [Speaker 1]: Okay. No I've not experienced this before. This is the first time I'm experiencing it. 11:40:100 11:42:98 [Speaker 2]: Okay. Do you have? Have you had diabetes before? 11:47:00 11:49:00 [Speaker 1]: No 11:50:03 11:51:03 [Speaker 2]: Okay. How about tuberculosis? 11:52:100 11:55:02 [Speaker 1]: No. I've not had tuberculosis 11:57:00 11:58:01 [Speaker 2]: Okay. Or any kidney disease before? 12:01:02 12:01:100 [Speaker 1]: No, no kidney disease also 12:05:00 12:06:00 [Speaker 2]: How about hypertension? 12:07:00 12:09:03 [Speaker 1]: No. I've not had hypertension 12:11:01 12:12:01 [Speaker 2]: Okay. But does anyone in your family has, have any of these issues? 12:17:02 12:20:03 [Speaker 1]: No, there's no one in my family that's had any of these issues you mentioned 12:25:01 [Speaker 2]: Okay. Have you had any surgery before? 12:27:02 12:29:02 [Speaker 1]: No. I've not had surgery before. I've not had any surgery. 12:32:00 12:34:00 [Speaker 2]: Okay. Do you smoke cigarettes? 12:39:00 12:42:98 [Speaker 1]: No. I do not smoke cigarettes 12:44:01 12:46:00 [Speaker 2]: How about alcohol? Do you take alcohol 12:49:01 12:52:00 [Speaker 1]: Occasionally, I take alcohol 12:53:02 12:54:98 [Speaker 2]: Okay. Let's say in a week, how many bottles of alcohol would you say you consume? 13:01:00 13:02:99 [Speaker 1]: Sorry? 13:03:98 13:04:98 [Speaker 2]: In a week, how many bottles of alcohol would you say you, you consume? 13:11:03 13:13:03 [Speaker 1]: In a week, maybe just one or two 13:15:03 13:15:02 [Speaker 2]: Okay. Do you take any of these drugs like cocaine or the rest? 13:21:98 13:22:100 [Speaker 1]: No, I don't 13:25:98 13:25:100 [Speaker 2]: Okay. So, currently, are you on any medication? Are you taking drugs? Are you treating anything right now? 13:36:03 13:37:99 [Speaker 1]: No, I'm not taking any medication currently 13:39:99 13:41:01 [Speaker 2]: Okay. And, do you have any allergy or is there any drug or food that you're allergic to? 13:53:00 13:55:00 [Speaker 1]: No, I'm not allergic to any drug or food I'm aware of 13:58:03 13:59:99 [Speaker 2]: Okay, alright. I'm really sorry about your... the symptoms you're experiencing 14:13:02 14:14:01 [Speaker 1]: Thank you 14:15:01 14:15:100 [Speaker 2]: Yes, so we'll do some tests so that we'll know what's going on and start treatment immediately 14:26:00 14:27:100 [Speaker 1]: Okay 14:28:98 14:29:99 [Speaker 2]: Okay 14:30:02 14:30:99 [Speaker 1]: Thank you 14:31:03 14:33:98 [Speaker 2]: Thank you, yes. I'll see you next time 14:40:100 14:43:98 [Speaker 1]: Alright, see you next time ma 14:44:99 14:46:00 [Speaker 2]: Okay, alright, have a good day Mr. Ade 14:50:02 14:51:03 [Speaker 1]: Thank you 14:51:99

medical

19-25

Isoko

NG

00:01:99 [Speaker 1]: So, Fajilo, nice having you once again. Well, today we're going to be talking about which is more important, creativity or knowledge. So, you know, what is different when you think about creativity and knowledge? What strikes the difference between the two? 00:15:04 00:17:03 [Speaker 2]: I think creativity, in modern society, creativity is more independence than knowledge, because knowledge, someday, like knowledge, it comes, like through. When you get knowledge. Some people, when attaining knowledge, they go through government works and all those stuff. But creativity can be more independent. 00:38:03 00:40:00 [Speaker 1]: All right, so creativity is more. Knowledge is more restricted. You gain knowledge from someone else. Creativity is inbound, inborn, right. It's something that just comes from within, correct? 00:51:100 00:51:100 [Speaker 2]: Yes. 00:52:00 00:53:03 [Speaker 1]: Okay. So the debate over whether creativity or knowledge is more important has been a long standing topic of discussion among philosophers, scholars, and innovators. Both creativity and knowledge are essential elements in our lives. You agree with me on that, but there is no consensus on which one should be given more weights. Well, if you are to ask me, I would say both are very important. You need knowledge. You, you. It's good to be creativity. 01:20:03 01:22:02 [Speaker 2]: You need. You actually need knowledge to apply the creative aspect that you have. 01:26:98 01:28:01 [Speaker 1]: Exactly. You need that knowledge. But if you have only knowledge, without creativity, you are just like any other person. There's nothing special about you. You need to be creative for your knowledge to stand out. So, on one hand, knowledge is often perceived as the foundation of progress and advancement, while on the other hand, creativity is viewed as the driving force between innovation and originalism. In this ongoing debate, some believe that knowledge enables individuals to think critically and solve problems efficiently, while others argue that creativity allows for the exploration of new ideas and solutions. Ultimately, the importance of creativity and knowledge may depend on individual perspectives and context. So now for the. I want to ask you a question. What do you think is the key to success? Is it being creative or having vast knowledge on a topic. 02:13:01 02:14:100 [Speaker 2]: both are more important, but I think it leans more towards creativity in the current society that we are being creative, because knowledge. Knowledge is some. The knowledge is the key to success, but when that knowledge isn't able to be applied practically, won't really have any effect in society. 02:36:99 02:38:02 [Speaker 1]: Okay, so you. Creativity has a higher standing in the. If you have to put it in the balance, creativity will be weighing higher, right? 02:45:02 02:45:02 [Speaker 2]: Yes. 02:45:03 02:47:00 [Speaker 1]: Okay, I agree with you on that. So what has been your personal experience in balancing creativity and knowledge in your work or personal life. 02:54:02 02:58:02 [Speaker 2]: Like creative creativity. I'm still a second, I'm still a university student, but when it comes to creativity, I'm more focused on artwork and stuff like that. 03:08:98 03:10:03 [Speaker 1]: All right, so how you are more focused on artwork. Right. But you talked about you being a secondary school student, right or university student right. Okay, so you do know that there's a way to apply creativity into your studies. Yes, there is. You know? Right. So what comes, what kind of methods have you thought about and have you tried applying them? 03:36:01 03:40:02 [Speaker 2]: I personally, I haven't applied any creative aspect to my, my university life, but I think when applying creativity to your university life, stuff like engineering. When it comes to engineering, there are some stuff you can do outside of academic work that can help you earn money and stuff like that. 04:02:98 04:04:01 [Speaker 1]: Okay. Okay. Yeah. Being a bit fake, but I think I understand what you're trying to say. For me, when I think about creativity in studies, I'm thinking about, oh, how you and I are reading for both reason. Reading for 12 hours, right. In a day. Let's just assume that I read every 12 hours in a day. You also read 12 hours in a day. You read a whole 12 hours in a stretch. Maybe you only take breaks to eat or have a short nap or something like that, but then I read for the same 12 hours. But then maybe every 30 minutes I take a break, I just draw something, I scribble something down, or I just write a design or look up a dag, a cursive handwriting, a new course of handwriting and put it down. You know, just things that fancy my fancy, fancy my liking. For me, it's art. For somebody else, it might be music. So you might just take that break and use to bring your brain back to recover your brain, you know, drag your brain. Because the truth is that when you study, your brain tends to wear like your brain is being strained. So you have to bring jack your brain by bringing, rejuvenating it with things that it actually likes. So somebody who's creative will put those things in between reading times, while someone else who is like you, who is reading for that 12 hours will only stop when he needs to. Like maybe he needs, he's feeling sleepy, then he goes to take a nap, which is good. It's actually a great, it's a great plan. And also maybe he needs to, he's hungry, he goes to take a simple meal and come back. But I feel like the one who's taking breaks and being creative about it is going to have grasp more because the brain is looking forward to those breaks. I don't know if you get what I'm saying, but basically, I think that's how you apply creativity to studies. There are many other ways you can apply creativity to studies. Tooth tip of the iceberg. But also if you think about many other aspects in life. Let's talk about football. Because I know you love football. You can have all the knowledge about football that you want to, but if you don't have the skills, you won't prosper. Right? And even if you have the skills and you are playing football, if you're not creative about it, you won't stand out. What do you think makes Ronaldo and Messi stand up? They are creative about how they play. That's what makes them stand out in their. In their field. So I feel like creativity is just a topping that makes you stand out in whatever field you are in. If you're an engineering student, you stand out. If you're a pharmacy student, you stand out. Is there anything you want to add about this topic before we round off? 06:33:98 06:35:98 [Speaker 2]: I think that's all. Okay. 06:35:99 06:37:02 [Speaker 1]: You don't have anything else to add? Okay. Thank you very much, Fidel, for being here today. 06:39:03 06:39:98 [Speaker 2]: Thank you for having me. 06:39:99

general

19-25

Ebira

NG

[Speaker 1]: Ok. And how old are you chidinma? [Speaker 2]: I am 25 years old [Speaker 1]: What tribe are you? [Speaker 2]: I am igbo [Speaker 1]: Your religion please? [Speaker 2]: Christianity [Speaker 1]: Ok. And what did you for a living? Your occupation [Speaker 2]: I am a student [Speaker 1]: Ok. Are you married? [Speaker 2]: No. I am not [Speaker 1]: Ok. Where do you live? [Speaker 2]: I live in enugu [Speaker 1]: So what brought you in to the hospital this morning? What happened? [Speaker 2]: I have been having pain in my throat and really uncomfortable. So i decided to come to the hospital [Speaker 1]: Ok. I am sorry about that [Speaker 2]: Thank you. [Speaker 1]: When did this pain, when did it start? [Speaker 2]: About two days ago [Speaker 1]: Ok. Was it gradually? or did you just notice it suddenly? Did it start suddenly? [Speaker 2]: No. It was sudden [Speaker 1]: Ok. And how would you characterize the pain? Is it sharp? Is it burning pain? Or is it dull? [Speaker 2]: It is dull [Speaker 1]: Ok. Does it radiate to anywhere? Does it move? Or you are just feeling it at your throat? Or in your throat? [Speaker 2]: Sometimes i feel it around my ears [Speaker 1]: Ok. And is there anything that makes the pain better? Is there anything that relieves you of the pain? [Speaker 2]: When i am not talking or trying to swallow anything. I feel relief a bit [Speaker 1]: Ok. Did you take any sort of pain killers for the pain? [Speaker 2]: Well, i just visited to nearby pharmacy and got some [Speaker 1]: Ok. And when you take it, Does it relieve the pain? [Speaker 2]: Temporarily [Speaker 1]: Ok. So is there anything that makes the pain worse? [Speaker 2]: Trying to swallow or sometimes trying to talk [Speaker 1]: Ok. How about loud sounds? Loud music? [Speaker 2]: Yes. It makes it painful [Speaker 1]: Ok. And the pain, is it constant throughout the day? Like when you wake up in the morning compare to night. Is there any difference? Is it worse at night or is it worse in the morning? Or is it just constant? Throughout the day [Speaker 2]: It is constant [Speaker 1]: Ok. And on a scale of 1-10 with 10 been the worst pain imaginable for you. How would you rate the pain you are given? [Speaker 2]: I will tell 8 [Speaker 1]: Ok. Is it associated with any swelling? Did you notice any swelling at the base of pain? [Speaker 2]: No. I have not noticed any swelling [Speaker 1]: Ok. Is the, please is it it warm to touch? [Speaker 2]: Yes. It is [Speaker 1]: Ok. What side of your throat? Is it everywhere? Or is it just at the back or at the front? [Speaker 2]: At the front [Speaker 1]: Ok. Ok. i am really sorry about that [Speaker 2]: Thank you doctor [Speaker 1]: So have you had any discharges from your ears? [Speaker 2]: No [Speaker 1]: Ok. How about fever? [Speaker 2]: No [Speaker 1]: Is your body temperature, is it high? [Speaker 2]: Yes, my body is very hot [Speaker 1]: Ok. Can you rate it on a scale of 1-10? The 10 like is very high [Speaker 2]: I think like 8 [Speaker 1]: Ok. Ok. Sorry about that. And have you been coughing? [Speaker 2]: No. I have not [Speaker 1]: Ok. How about, The fever, sorry is it constant? Does it, or was it intermittent like, does it change throughout the cause of the day? Like it is high one minute the next minute your better or is it just constant? [Speaker 2]: It is constant exactly when i shower and a bit better but usually constant [Speaker 1]: Ok. Ok. And how do you have your appetite. Do you eat normal or the way you have always been? [Speaker 2]: I have not been eating well because it is hard for me to swallow because of the pain. So i haven't been eating [Speaker 1]: Ok. Ok. I am really sorry [Speaker 2]: Thank you [Speaker 1]: Have you? Does the pain comes with headache? Does it give you headache? [Speaker 2]: Yes sometimes It does [Speaker 1]: Is it a sharp headache? [Speaker 2]: It is just dull [Speaker 1]: And have you had any seizures? [Speaker 2]: No. I haven't [Speaker 1]: Did you feel dizzy sometimes? [Speaker 2]: No [Speaker 1]: Have you fainted or collapsed or lost consciousness since you started? [Speaker 2]: No [Speaker 1]: Ok. And you scent to touch, you still [Speaker 2]: Yes [Speaker 1]: Have you been having chest pain? [Speaker 2]: No. No chest pain [Speaker 1]: Ok. How about difficulty in breathing? [Speaker 2]: No [Speaker 1]: Do you have palpitations? Like can you feel your heart, like do you feel like you can hear your heart beating? [Speaker 2]: No. Nothing like that [Speaker 1]: Ok. And how about, and you earlier say there's no cough [Speaker 2]: Yeah [Speaker 1]: Have you had ankle swelling? [Speaker 2]: No [Speaker 1]: Ok. And have you been vomiting? [Speaker 2]: No. I haven't [Speaker 1]: Ok. But do you feel nauseous sometimes? Like you want to vomit [Speaker 2]: No [Speaker 1]: Ok. And how about abdominal pain? Have you had any pain? [Speaker 2]: No [Speaker 1]: Ok. Would you say, do you think you lost weight? [Speaker 2]: Yeah! I think i have because i have not been eating well almost a week [Speaker 1]: Ok. How about change in bowel habit? [Speaker 2]: Well, nothing much to say [Speaker 1]: Ok. Rectal bleeding. Any rectal bleeding occur? [Speaker 2]: What's rectal bleeding? [Speaker 1]: Do you see blood in your stool? [Speaker 2]: Ok. No [Speaker 1]: Ok. Have you, your urination like when you are urinating do you feel the volume of your urine has increase? You urinate more than you used to before? [Speaker 2]: No [Speaker 1]: Ok. Still normal? [Speaker 2]: Yes [Speaker 1]: And do you see blood in your urine? When you pass your urine? [Speaker 2]: No. I don't [Speaker 1]: Ok. Do you urinate more at night? [Speaker 2]: No [Speaker 1]: Ok. And have you been having groin pain? [Speaker 2]: No. It is just the throat pain [Speaker 1]: Ok. Just the throat pain [Speaker 2]: Yes [Speaker 1]: This questions are necessary. We need to ask them so that we will make diagnosis. Sorry [Speaker 2]: Thank you doctor [Speaker 1]: Have you had any menstrual irregularities? [Speaker 2]: No. My period has been normal [Speaker 1]: Ok. When was your last menstrual period? [Speaker 2]: Like two weeks ago [Speaker 1]: Ok. Any abnormal vaginal discharge? [Speaker 2]: No doctor [Speaker 1]: Ok. Do you have joint pain? [Speaker 2]: No. I don't [Speaker 1]: Or joint swelling? [Speaker 2]: No. No [Speaker 1]: Ok. Have you, have you experienced something like this before? Or is this the first time? [Speaker 2]: No. This is the first time is happening [Speaker 1]: Ok. And has it happen to anyone in your family before? [Speaker 2]: No [Speaker 1]: Ok. Are you a sickle cell patient? [Speaker 2]: No. I am not [Speaker 1]: Ok. Have you had tuberculosis before? [Speaker 2]: No. I haven't [Speaker 1]: How about diabetes? [Speaker 2]: No [Speaker 1]: Have you had hypertension before? [Speaker 2]: No [Speaker 1]: Have you been diagnosed with any kidney disease before? [Speaker 2]: No. I haven't [Speaker 1]: Ok. Has anyone in your family been diagnosed with hypertension before? [Speaker 2]: My grandpa [Speaker 1]: Ok. How about diabetes myelitis? [Speaker 2]: No [Speaker 1]: Anyone in your family? [Speaker 2]: No [Speaker 1]: Is anyone in your family a sickle cell anemia patient? [Speaker 2]: No [Speaker 1]: Anyone in your family with tuberculosis, history of tuberculosis? [Speaker 2]: No [Speaker 1]: Ok. Before now, where you in contact with anybody that was coughing? [Speaker 2]: No [Speaker 1]: Ok. Do you take pasteurized, like nono which they sell on the street? [Speaker 2]: No. I don't [Speaker 1]: Ok. Did you travel recently? [Speaker 2]: No [Speaker 1]: Ok. And, your, where your living environment. Do you live with people? [Speaker 2]: No. I live alone off campus [Speaker 1]: Ok. And is your place well ventilated? [Speaker 2]: Yes [Speaker 1]: Ok. How your drinking water. How is the condition? [Speaker 2]: is better than before [Speaker 1]: Ok. Do you eat it out? Or do you want to eat at home? [Speaker 2]: Sometimes i buy food at the cafeteria but most of times i eat at home [Speaker 1]: Ok. Do you take alcohol? [Speaker 2]: Occasionally. Sometimes [Speaker 1]: Ok. In a week, how many bottle you consume? How many bottles of alcohol in a week? [Speaker 2]: Like three [Speaker 1]: Ok. How about smoking? Do you smoke cigarette? [Speaker 2]: No. I don't smoke [Speaker 1]: Ok. Do you use any recreational drugs? Like cocaine [Speaker 2]: No [Speaker 1]: Ok. Are you currently on any medication prescribe by the doctor? [Speaker 2]: Ok. No [Speaker 1]: But are you taking any drugs? [Speaker 2]: There are drugs that i got from the pharmacy. So i take some when the pain is very bad [Speaker 1]: Ok. And the pain killers is it prescribed by the doctor or you just [Speaker 2]: No. I just went out and bought [Speaker 1]: Ok. And do you have any known drug allergies? [Speaker 2]: No. Not that i am aware of [Speaker 1]: Ok. How about food allergies? Do you have any? Are you react to any kind of food? [Speaker 2]: No [Speaker 1]: Ok. So miss chidinma have you have this feeling of wellness like, feels like you are sick, weakness, paralyzed body weakness? [Speaker 2]: Yes. I just feel soo sick like i just feel somehow [Speaker 1]: Ok. Does it affect like your normal daily activities? Like going to school and the rest? Does it keep you at home? [Speaker 2]: Well, i can do all these things is just that i am more tired than just [Speaker 1]: Ok. And before you started feeling this pain have you invlove in any home accident? [Speaker 2]: No [Speaker 1]: Did anyone hit your throat? [Speaker 2]: No [Speaker 1]: Did you fall on anything? [Speaker 2]: No [Speaker 1]: Or get in contact with anyone that is having? [Speaker 2]: No. No [Speaker 1]: Ok. And have you had any history of surgery? Have you had any surgical procedure before in the past? [Speaker 2]: No. I haven't [Speaker 1]: None at all? [Speaker 2]: None at all [Speaker 1]: Ok. And this pain was it, when, what sort of food that makes the pain worse for you? What kind of food or is it, do you feel thesame pain when you take all sorts of food? Is it worse when you take solids and less painful when it is liquid? Or is generally all kind of food? [Speaker 2]: Is painful whenever i am trying to swallow like swallow anything at all even my saliva. But it is worse when i am like trying to swallow solid food [Speaker 1]: Ok. I am sorry about how you are feeling [Speaker 2]: Ok. Thank you doctor [Speaker 1]: Ok. I will write some test for you [Speaker 2]: Ok [Speaker 1]: And then after the test we will see if you need to have a CT scan or i dunno. I think you are having goiter. How about you solid intake? Do you take alot of solid? [Speaker 2]: Not really. Just normal food when i am cooking [Speaker 1]: Ok. And do you eat alot of fruits and vegetable? [Speaker 2]: Yes [Speaker 1]: Ok. So from now i will write down some test for i will also give you some pain killers to help you relieve the pain while we wait for the result [Speaker 2]: Thank you doctor [Speaker 1]: Once again sorry for experiencing this pain [Speaker 2]: Thank you soo much doctor [Speaker 1]: It will be handled. You just need to come to. Just need to make a diagnosis for you and everything you carried. Nothing to worry about so don't worry [Speaker 2]: Thank you soo much for your care [Speaker 1]: You are soo welcome miss chidinma [Speaker 2]: Have a nice day [Speaker 1]: And you too [Speaker 1]: alright thank you

medical

19-25

Hausa

NG

[Speaker 1]: Male or a female? [Speaker 2]: A male [Speaker 1]: How old are you? [Speaker 2]: I am 65 years old [Speaker 1]: Hope you don't mind if i address you as mr emeka [Speaker 2]: I don't mind [Speaker 1]: Ok. Thank you very much. So what brought you to the clinic today? [Speaker 2]: I am having difficulty in urinating [Speaker 1]: Ok. You have been having difficulty in urinating. For how long has this been? [Speaker 2]: It has started for two weeks [Speaker 1]: You have been having difficulty in urinating for two weeks? [Speaker 2]: Yes [Speaker 1]: Did it started gradually? Or [Speaker 2]: It was gradual in onset [Speaker 1]: Ok. It was gradual in onset. Has it been constant? Has it always been there or it just comes and goes? Or you feel this within a particular period of the day? [Speaker 2]: I think it goes bad of recent. It was not constant before but now it is constant [Speaker 1]: Ok. Thank you very much. Is this pain while urinating associated with a burning sensation? [Speaker 2]: Is not associated with pain or a burning sensation [Speaker 1]: Ok. It is not associated with any pain or a burning sensation? [Speaker 2]: Yes. It is not [Speaker 1]: Do you feel urgency to urinate? [Speaker 2]: Yes. I feel urgency to urinate [Speaker 1]: And then are you able to pass out this urine when you feel this urgency to urinate? [Speaker 2]: I am unable to pass out urine [Speaker 1]: Ok. Do you feel frequent urination? The urge to always go to the toilet? [Speaker 2]: Yes. I am always visiting the toilet especially in the night. [Speaker 1]: Ok. Nocturia, you always visit the toilet in the night? [Speaker 2]: Yes, at morning. At night, at night [Speaker 1]: Like how many times do you urinate in the night? [Speaker 2]: It is very frequent. I can't tell [Speaker 1]: More than you used to before? [Speaker 2]: Yes. It's more than the usual two times to zero times i usually use the toilet but now it's about five times [Speaker 1]: Do you straint in urinate? [Speaker 2]: Yes. I strain alot and my urine dripples [Speaker 1]: Ok. It dripples? [Speaker 2]: Yeah. After urination [Speaker 1]: May i know if there is blood in the urine? [Speaker 2]: There's no blood in this urine. There's no fever. I don't have fever [Speaker 1]: Is there pause? [Speaker 2]: There's no pause oo [Speaker 1]: Do you have lower abdominal pain? [Speaker 2]: I don't have abdominal pain [Speaker 1]: Ok. Thank you very much. Is there a history of trauma? Or recent catherization or urethra instrumentation? [Speaker 2]: No. There's not [Speaker 1]: There's not history of trauma or catherization? [Speaker 2]: I do not have any history of that [Speaker 1]: Ok. Thank you very much. Are you a main hypertensive patient? Are you hypertensive? [Speaker 2]: Yes. I have been hypertensive for 10 years now [Speaker 1]: Ok. You have been hypertensive for 10 years. How do you know that you are hypertensive? [Speaker 2]: I was told at the hospital that i was diagnosed there [Speaker 1]: You were diagnosed in a hospital 10 years ago? [Speaker 2]: Yes [Speaker 1]: And you have been on medications? [Speaker 2]: Yes. It has been controlled by medications [Speaker 1]: Ok. Thank you very much. How about diabetic? Are you diabetic? [Speaker 2]: No. I am not diabetic [Speaker 1]: You are not diabetic. Ok. Is there a family history of similar condition? Is there anyone in your family that has similar condition? [Speaker 2]: Yeah. I can remember my dad have similar condition when he was old [Speaker 1]: When he was old? What exactly was the problem? Did he also feel pain while trying to urinate? [Speaker 2]: He has some urinal problem i can tell exactly. I was young at that time [Speaker 1]: Ok. Thank you very much. Are you a smoker? [Speaker 2]: I don't smoke [Speaker 1]: Do you take alcohol? [Speaker 2]: Yeah. I consume alcohol occasionally [Speaker 1]: Do you take any recreational drugs substance abuse? [Speaker 2]: No [Speaker 1]: Thank you very much. Are you on your hypertensive agents? [Speaker 2]: Yes. I am on some drugs they give me to control the hypertension [Speaker 1]: Can you tell me the name of the drug you are on? [Speaker 2]: amlodepine [Speaker 1]: Ok. You are on amlodepine? Is there any drug you are on? [Speaker 2]: I am not on any other. They give me just that one [Speaker 1]: Ok. Thank you very much. Do you have any other allergies? Do you have, are you allergic to any drug or medication? [Speaker 2]: I am not [Speaker 1]: Ok. Thank you very much

medical

19-25

Hausa

NG

00:00:99 [Speaker 1]: All right, so today's topic is child marriage. 00:05:00 00:06:00 [Speaker 2]: Yo, that's a toughie. 00:07:97 00:08:00 [Speaker 1]: That's a tough one. Yeah. So child marriage, it was described as a harmful practice that refers to any formal marriage. Right. Or informal union between a child under the ages of 18 and an adult or another child, you know. So this is basically a forced marriage... 00:39:02 00:39:02 [Speaker 2]: it is 00:40:02 00:40:02 [Speaker 1]: Yeah. If you come to think of it, because a child under the age of 18, they are still developing. Now, how can you take that infant and throw them to an adult in a marriage? I mean, marriage is a very hard task. It's very hard itself. 01:05:100 01:06:99 [Speaker 2]: Imagine being a child having to, like, do those tasks. 01:12:03 01:12:03 [Speaker 1]: Imagine 01:13:01 01:13:01 [Speaker 2]: ...that old women can't even obtain. 01:15:99 01:16:01 [Speaker 1]: No, they can't. You know, they can't. So I feel that it's child abuse, but however, it's actually being practiced in other cultures. So in other people, it's a culture, you know, whereby you get a child, a girl child at the ages of maybe 10, 12, 14, being married to an old man. 01:52:97 01:53:01 [Speaker 2]: Older than their father 01:54:98 01:54:98 [Speaker 1]: Older than their fathers, their grandfathers. I actually came across this video On Facebook where a granny married a child. 02:11:100 02:13:03 [Speaker 2]: How is that even possible? who does that? 02:16:01 02:14:100 [Speaker 1]: Married a child, a seven year old boy. I don't know if I still have that picture, but I took a screenshot of it. I was so moved, you know, I was so moved. I was so emotional. Like, you know, it goes back to that issue of naming children with dead people. You know, other. Other people name their kids by maybe their dead grandmother, dead grandfather, whoever. Now it destroys them, I feel that. 02:55:02 02:55:02 [Speaker 2]: Yeah, those kids must be going through a lot. 02:57:97 02:57:99 [Speaker 1]: They are. 02:58:97 02:59:97 [Speaker 2]: Imagine at the age of 10 to 18, you must still be playing 03:05:97 03:06:01 [Speaker 1]: You must still be playing 03:07:98 03:08:02 [Speaker 2]: with toys. 03:08:100 03:09:98 [Speaker 1]: You know, 03:09:98 03:10:99 [Speaker 2]: getting, like, jumping muddy puddles. 03:13:03 03:13:99 [Speaker 1]: Trying to find yourself. 03:15:02 03:15:98 [Speaker 2]: Yes, but being a wife or a husband at that age. 03:20:00 03:19:01 [Speaker 1]: At that age, wow! 03:21:02 03:21:00 [Speaker 2]: That must be terrifying. 03:22:01 03:22:97 [Speaker 1]: Its very terrifying, it's Terrible. You know, so I really do not agree with this but it's happening in some cultures, so whether we like it or not, it's happening. But then I would say that child marriage, it's an abuse to kids. 03:39:01 03:39:02 [Speaker 2]: It is. 03:40:99 03:41:01 [Speaker 1]: It's an abuse. You know, as you said, that, you know, a. A 16 year old, a teenager, like, let's just take a teenager for this instance. Those guys are still trying to find themselves. 03:57:98 03:57:01 [Speaker 2]: Themselves, Yes. 03:59:03 03:59:03 [Speaker 1]: Teenagers don't know anything about themselves. Hence we have so many sections, you know, about teenagers. Everywhere we go, we have books. We have books to help us raise teenagers. We have programs that we sign into to raise teenagers. You know, we do not get along with our teenage children. So imagine that kind of a child being placed in a marriage, you know, even if it's not a child and an adult, sometimes you find that it's actually two kids. 04:40:100 04:40:100 [Speaker 2]: Yes. 04:41:98 04:42:98 [Speaker 1]: You being married, maybe this one is twelve, that one is six. 04:46:02 04:47:00 [Speaker 2]: What happened to getting married because you love each other. 04:50:100 04:51:100 [Speaker 1]: Hence, I'm saying that sometimes, it is the culture 04:55:00 04:54:03 [Speaker 2]: Dont you think that, when you're talking about the culture, don't you think it's because of poverty and stuff. 05:05:00 05:07:03 [Speaker 1]: You know In indian culture, we've see. Have you not seen it in indian cultures? Mostly 05:13:99 05:13:99 [Speaker 2]: I have, 05:15:03 05:15:03 [Speaker 1]: Yes. And you find that even the bride or the groom, they are unhappy. 05:19:00 05:20:00 [Speaker 2]: Always 05:20:98 05:20:99 [Speaker 1]: They are unhappy. 05:22:01 05:21:100 [Speaker 2]:They are always unhappy 05:23:01 05:23:01 [Speaker 1]: And you find that maybe the girl's parents, the mother's not happy, she keeps crying. And the father is just there being bold and saying, you're gonna do this. You're gonna do this. 05:35:01 05:36:99 [Speaker 2]: So do you think it's because of poverty or. 05:39:02 05:41:99 [Speaker 1]: That kind of culture? I believe that it's poverty. I mean, you can. You cannot send your child to something that you know, that he or she will never handle. I feel that it's because of poverty. Parents sell their kids. Well, that's my opinion. You know? that's my opinion. I feel that parents sell kids for poverty. 06:06:03 06:07:97 [Speaker 2]: Or maybe they're just looking out for their children to get a better future or I don't know. 06:13:98 06:13:98 [Speaker 1]: And you find that most of the time, even if that's the case, of maybe assisting your kid to get the privileges of a good life, those people, they are so abusive. The rich people are so abusive. They will abuse your kids until your child dies or maybe comes to you crying. 06:33:02 06:33:02 [Speaker 2]: That's bad 06:34:97 06:34:97 [Speaker 1]: It's very bad. 06:36:03 06:36:03 [Speaker 2]: The worst part is they cannot even go back home. 06:37:99 06:38:02 [Speaker 1]: No, they cannot. I do not agree with that I'm telling you. 06:44:98

general

26-40

Sesotho

ZA

00:01:01 [Speaker 1]: Thank you so much for joining in the conversation. The topic I would like us to discuss how the western culture has affected African dressing. You see, Mr Haruna, over the centuries, the western culture has had a significant impact on African dressing. Isn't it so? 00:28:99 00:29:02 [Speaker 2]: Yeah, of course. 00:30:02 00:30:02 [Speaker 1]: Yeah. So from the arrival of european explorers and missionaries to the influence of colonialism and the spread of western media and pop culture, the traditional attire and fashion of african cultures have been greatly influenced and adapted. Also, you see, the influence of western culture on african dressing has been profound, reshaping traditional attire and fashion trends in multi faceted ways from historical encounters to contemporary global interactions. This cultural exchange has produced a dynamic fusion of western and African styles, altering both aesthetics and production of clothing across the continent. And so now over to you, Mr Haruna. Do you have anything to say about how the western culture has affected the African dressing in any way? 01:57:97 01:58:00 [Speaker 2]: Thank you very much, Fatima. Yes, of course, you know, I have a lot to say regarding this discussion or this topic, but I think, first of all, I would like you to, you know, first of all, you know, go through this question. You know, I know you are a professional, so I want you to, you know, enlighten us and, and educators briefly regarding this question. I'm going to ask you now, Fatima. I would like you to. What are your thoughts on how the influence of western culture has changed traditional African dressing styles and fashion trends? Do you think it has a positive or negative impact on preserving cultural identity through clothing? 02:58:02 03:00:02 [Speaker 1]: Wow. Nice question, Mister Haruna. Okay, you asked the impact on traditional African dressing styles, right? And cultural identity, isn't it? 03:16:99 03:17:01 [Speaker 2]: Yeah. 03:17:99 03:17:99 [Speaker 1]: You see, the impact of western culture on traditional african dressing styles has been extensive. You see, western fashion trends have introduced new materials, new designs and even new, you know, tailoring techniques into african clothing. Take for instance, the adoption of western style suits, dresses and casual wears has become prevalent, especially in urban centers. And this fusion has created a diverse and electic fashion scene in Africa, you know, blending indigenous motifs with modern cuts and fabrics. However, this influence has, you know, also raised concerns about the preservation of cultural identity through clothing. As western fashion gains prominence, there is a risk of diluting or overshadowing traditional African attire. And some argue that this shift undermines cultural authenticity and erodes unique sartorial practices that reflect african heritage. Yet others see it as, you know, a cultural evolution showcasing Africa's adaptability and creativity in responding to global influences while maintaining cultural roots. So I think this is the little I can say for now. And, okay, over to you, Mr Haruna, what exactly is. Is one specific aspect or element of traditional African attire that you think has been influenced or adapted by western culture? So tell me, I want you to tell me, how do you feel about this incorporation and its impact on the overall style of African dressings? 06:05:98 06:09:00 [Speaker 2]: All right, thank you so much, Fatima, for allowing me to say one or two things regarding this topic. You know, incorporation of traditional elements in western influence, Africa dressing. You know, one specific aspect of traditional Africa attire that has been, you know, influenced by western culture is the use of textiles, you know, and print, print and print, you know, traditional, traditional African fabrics like kanti, moth clothes and Ankara, you understand, have gained international recognition. Yes. Yes. And now, you know, incorporated into western fashion designs. So, you know, and this closer cultural exchange has elevated the status of Africa textiles globally and showcasing the beauty and craftsmanship of indigenous weaving and dying techniques. You know, the inco incorporate. The incorporation of our traditional element into western influence. African dressing has had a positive impact on the overall style. It has empowered, African designers to interpret traditional motives in contemporary context, appealing to broader audience while celebrating cultural heritage. This hybrid approach, this hybrid approach of fashion exemplifies the spirit of cultural fashion and innovation, you know, highlighting Africans rich history and creativity on the. On the. On the global stage. So, yeah, so I think, Fatima, can you make a conclusion, you know, regarding this topic we have just discussed so far? 08:56:99 08:58:00 [Speaker 1]: Okay. All right. Thank you for your contribution. 09:02:00 09:02:01 [Speaker 2]: Thank you very much. 09:03:00 09:03:00 [Speaker 1]: Yeah. Thank you. You see, it's essential, actually, to acknowledge the agency of African communities in navigating cultural exchanges and shaping their identity through clothing. You see, while western influence has undoubtedly left an indelible mark on African dressing, the ongoing dialogue between traditional and modernity continues to inspire new forms of sartorial expression that are both culturally rooted and globally resonant. Okay. This interplay underscores the transformative power of fashion as a conduct of, you know, cultural exchange, self expression in a rapid changing world. So I would like us to give a pause here. Thank you so much for joining in the conversation. Thank you for joining. 10:24:98 10:26:02 [Speaker 2]: Thank you very much. Fatima, You are welcome 10:27:98

general

26-40

Unknown

NG

00:02:02 [Speaker 1]: So, What brought you here today? 00:04:99 00:06:100 [Speaker 2]: Doctor, I have been having shortness of breath, and I have been feeling fatigue for the past two weeks. The pain is just so much; you know how bad it is when you are struggling with your breath. Then another thing is fatigue. The fatigue is just constant, it never goes, it doesn't want to go. 00:32:98 00:34:99 [Speaker 1]: Okay, So can you tell me more about it? 00:37:03 00:37:98 [Speaker 2]: When it starts, it feels as if I am, I am looking for my breath, as in, as in I am gasping for my breath, like something is choking me, as if I am going to die the next minute and it actually started small gradually. 00:57:99 00:59:01 [Speaker 1]: Okay. I will be asking you few more questions about that. You said shortness of breath started gradually. Can you explain on the fatigue, Is there any thing you do that makes it worse? 01:12:00 01:12:98 [Speaker 2]: Yes Doctor. The fatigue is just constant. It doesn't go at all and it doesn't matter what I do, it will still be there and it doesn't even have any time that it use to come. I always feel the same way morning, afternoon and night. The thing is just there. 01:36:02 01:38:99 [Speaker 1]: Okay, Is there any other symptoms you get, like chest pain, palpitation, dizziness, or fainting? 01:44:00 01:45:02 [Speaker 2]: No, not at all, just cough. 01:53:01 01:54:98 [Speaker 1]: Okay, When the cough comes, How long does it last? Does it come during the day or at night? At what time does it normally come? 02:02:03 02:04:01 [Speaker 2]: The truth is that the cough comes, it comes on its own, but mostly, it used to come at night. It used to disturb me well at night. 02:17:00 02:18:99 [Speaker 1]: Okay, Is there any other thing that makes the shortness of breath worse? Like standing up, lying flat, exertion? Do you feel relieved by any of those things? 02:29:98 02:31:04 [Speaker 2]: Yes, yes it's worse on exertion and even when I'm lying flat. But, but whenever I shift like this and sit down, sit up, I will feel better. The thing will no longer be disturbing me that much again. So I think its better when I'm sitting up. 02:55:01 02:56:98 [Speaker 1]: Okay, on a scale of 1-10, Can you describe how bad it is? 03:01:02 03:02:100 [Speaker 2]: I would say 10 Doc. 10 03:06:01 03:07:01 [Speaker 1]: Okay, What do you think could be causing this? 03:09:99 03:12:03 [Speaker 2]: I don't know. I really don't know. 03:15:02 03:18:01 [Speaker 1]: Are you worried about it? 03:19:99 03:22:04 [Speaker 2]: I am really scared, I am afraid because my father died of stroke. I am scared. 03:29:02 03:30:99 [Speaker 1]: I am sorry to hear about that. It must have been very difficult. Is there any thing you think I can help you do today? 03:40:02 03:42:02 [Speaker 2]: Doc, You have so many things to for me because I want to feel better. I just want you to tell me that I will be fine and you would do everything in your power to make sure that I am fine. 03:57:100 03:58:99 [Speaker 1]: okay, if I heard you correctly, you said you've been having shortness of breath, and you've been feeling fatigued for the past two weeks. Okay, you said when it starts, you start gasping for breath, like something is choking you as if you are going to die today or tomorrow, and it started gradually. Okay, I have few more questions to ask on your symptoms. Any pain or swelling in your legs or abdomen? Is there any cough, or like dry cough? 04:36:100 04:39:00 [Speaker 2]: Yes, my legs are swollen, they are swelling up, even my abdomen, they are swelling up too and that cough I told you about that time, its dry cough. 04:58:01 04:59:98 [Speaker 1]: Do you have any other medical conditions? 05:01:98 05:03:02 [Speaker 2]: Yes, I do. I was diagnosed of hypertension. That should be 10 years ago and I didn't really manage it very well. It was poorly, very poorly controlled. 05:23:02 05:25:99 [Speaker 1]: Are you allergic to any drugs? 05:28:01 05:29:02 [Speaker 2]: No, not one that I know of. I am not. 05:35:98 05:36:100 [Speaker 1]: You mentioned that your father had a stroke. How old was he when he died? 05:42:03 05:44:98 [Speaker 2]: My father, was 60 years old when he died of a stroke. 05:51:02 05:54:99 [Speaker 1]: Any other medical problem that runs in your family? 05:57:100 05:59:00 [Speaker 2]:Yes, my mother has diabetes. she has diabetes. 06:06:99 06:07:98 [Speaker 1]: Okay, if I heard you correctly, you said , ok you said you have swellings in your legs and abdomen if I heard you correctly and your cough is very dry and you are diagnosed of hypertension last 10 years and it was poorly controlled and you also said your father had a stroke and died at 60 years, and you also said your mom is diabetic. Okay, I'm going to ask you a few more questions about yourself if you don't mind. 06:49:00 06:50:04 [Speaker 2]: okay 06:51:02 06:52:100 [Speaker 1]: Do you smoke? 06:53:02 06:55:02 [Speaker 2]: Yes I do, I smoke very well, very very well. 07:02:99 07:03:02 [Speaker 1]: Okay, how many do you smoke, like in a day, how often do you do it? Do you do it every day? 07:10:01 07:12:02 [Speaker 2]: Doctor, I smoke very well. I smoke like one pack of cigar every day, and I have done this for the, for thirty years now. 07:25:99 07:26:100 [Speaker 1]: All right, do you drink alcohol? 07:30:00 07:30:03 [Speaker 2]: yes, I do, I drink 07:33:02 07:34:98 [Speaker 1]: Okay, how many do you drink, like, how often do you drink? 07:40:98 07:42:04 [Speaker 2]:I drink once in a while, its not every time. like when I go out to party with my, with some of my colleagues them, I use to drink like one or sometimes two. 07:56:99 07:57:100 [Speaker 1]: Okay, that means you prefer to smoke more than to drink? 08:01:00 08:01:98 [Speaker 2]: Yes, Doctor. 08:03:04 08:04:03 [Speaker 1]: Okay, do you take any recreational drugs? 08:09:04 08:09:03 [Speaker 2]: No, I don't, I can not. 08:12:00 08:15:01 [Speaker 1]: Okay, do you live by yourself? What I mean is, do you stay only you? 08:21:98 08:22:100 [Speaker 2]: No, doctor. I stay with my family, I stay with my wife and my daughter. 08:29:02 08:30:100 [Speaker 1]: Okay, your daughter of how many years, of how old? 08:34:02 08:35:98 [Speaker 2]: My daughter is just ten years old. 08:38:04 08:40:02 [Speaker 1]: Okay, Have you traveled abroad recently? 08:43:98 08:45:01 [Speaker 2]: No I've not traveled, I have been around for a while now. 08:51:01 08:53:00 [Speaker 1]: Okay, I'm going to go through what we've discussed so that anything I said and it wasn't what you said, you now let me know. At first, you said you are having shortness of breath, and you are feeling fatigued for the past two weeks, and the pain is just too much on you, the pain is just too much on you, and you do struggle with your breath, and the fatigue is constant. Okay, like something is choking you like you are going to die in next minute, and you said that it started gradually. Okay, like both in the morning, afternoon, and night, the fatigue is constant, and you said the shortness of breath is usually worse, like when you are lying and doing exertion, and on a scale of 10 and you also said your father died of stroke at 60 years. You said you have pain and swelling in your legs and abdomen, and your cough is usually dry; you also said your mom is diabetic. Okay, and you are hypertensive. Okay, and you do smoke and drink alcohol, too, but you smoke more than alcohol. And you don't take any recreational drugs. Okay, I just want to let you know that all these questions are as relevant as treatment. From the questions, we get the symptoms, and then we know the next step to follow. Okay, and you live with your wife and your daughter of ten years. Okay, you don't live alone, and you've never traveled abroad.

medical

19-25

Idoma

NG

00:00:02 [Speaker 1]: Alright thank you very much. 00:01:02 00:01:04 [Speaker 2]: You're welcome. 00:02:02 00:02:02 [Speaker 1]: Sir I have a few questions to ask you, you said your name was what? 00:04:05 00:05:01 [Speaker 2]: Johnny Doubra. 00:06:01 00:06:02 [Speaker 1]: Alright how old are you? 00:07:02 00:07:04 [Speaker 2]: I'm 35 years old. 00:08:04 00:09:00 [Speaker 1]: Ok, please what brought you to the hospital today? 00:11:05 00:12:04 [Speaker 2]: Ok, I have been having severe headache and confusion for about 2 days time, 2 days duration now. 00:17:100 00:18:03 [Speaker 1]: 2 days? 00:19:00 00:19:01 [Speaker 2]: Yes ma. 00:19:04 00:19:04 [Speaker 1]: Alright, so the headache, how did it start? 00:23:99 00:25:02 [Speaker 2]: It started suddenly. 00:25:100 00:26:03 [Speaker 1]: Ok. 00:26:100 00:27:02 [Speaker 2]: Yes. 00:27:03 00:27:03 [Speaker 1]: Was there any trauma or you just dey, like did you fall? Did you hit your head? Or something? 00:32:100 00:33:03 [Speaker 2]: I had a fall 2 days ago. 00:34:05 00:35:00 [Speaker 1]: You had a fall 2 days ago? 00:36:03 00:36:03 [Speaker 2]: Yes ma. 00:36:99 00:37:00 [Speaker 1]: Ok so the headache, is it every time you feel it or it goes and comes? 00:40:03 00:41:00 [Speaker 2]: Its there, its constant. 00:42:00 00:42:02 [Speaker 1]: Its constant right? 00:43:02 00:43:02 [Speaker 2]: Yes. 00:43:03 00:43:04 [Speaker 1]: So the headache can you describe it? Is it dull? Is it hard? Is it aching? Is it throbbing? What kind of headache is it? 00:49:02 00:49:04 [Speaker 2]: Ok, I will say is throbbing. 00:50:05 00:51:01 [Speaker 1]: Ok. 00:51:04 00:51:04 [Speaker 2]: Yes. 00:52:00 00:52:04 [Speaker 1]: And on a scale of 1-10, how severe is the headache? 00:56:03 00:57:01 [Speaker 2]: I will go with 9. 00:58:03 00:58:99 [Speaker 1]: 9? 00:59:01 00:59:03 [Speaker 2]: Yes. 00:59:04 00:59:04 [Speaker 1]: Alright, so have you tried taking like any medications for this thing? 01:04:03 01:05:02 [Speaker 2]: Yes, I have, I bought some drugs over the counter but have not relieved the headache. 01:08:04 01:09:02 [Speaker 1]: It has not relieved? 01:10:00 01:10:02 [Speaker 2]: The headache. 01:10:04 01:10:100 [Speaker 1]: Ok, sorry about that. 01:12:00 01:12:02 [Speaker 2]: Thank you. 01:12:04 01:12:99 [Speaker 1]: You also complained about confusion, you said you have been confused, this confusion when did it start? 01:20:01 01:20:05 [Speaker 2]: It started few hours after the fall and has been worsening so far. 01:24:03 01:24:99 [Speaker 1]: It has been worsening? 01:25:100 01:26:01 [Speaker 2]: Yes. 01:26:03 01:26:03 [Speaker 1]: Really? 01:26:05 01:27:01 [Speaker 2]: Yes. 01:27:02 01:27:02 [Speaker 1]: Ok so sorry, so, the confusion have you noticed that there's like, there's any loss of consciousness? Did you faint? Did you skip at any point in time? 01:38:04 01:39:02 [Speaker 2]: No I have not loss consciousness. 01:40:01 01:40:03 [Speaker 1]: You've not, alright, is there any vomiting? 01:46:05 01:47:03 [Speaker 2]: No, no vomiting. 01:48:03 01:48:05 [Speaker 1]: There's no vomiting at all? Ok, have you had any seizure? 01:54:03 01:54:05 [Speaker 2]: No, none. 01:55:02 01:56:02 [Speaker 1]: Ok do you feel like your limbs are weak? 01:59:01 01:59:03 [Speaker 2]: No, no weakness. 02:00:04 02:00:100 [Speaker 1]: Alright, did you at any point before this whole thing occurred, did you at any point drink alcohol or use drug before you fell? 02:09:01 02:09:03 [Speaker 2]: No I did not. 02:10:03 02:10:99 [Speaker 1]: Alright thank you very much. So sir, has this ever happened to you before? Have you ever have this kind of fall before? 02:17:04 02:17:05 [Speaker 2]: No, I've not 02:18:01 02:18:04 [Speaker 1]: Ok, have you ever had any head injury before now? 02:21:100 02:22:00 [Speaker 2]: No I've not. 02:22:04 02:22:05 [Speaker 1]: Do you have any neurological disease like epilepsy? 02:25:04 02:25:05 [Speaker 2]: No. 02:25:100 02:26:02 [Speaker 1]: You don't? Ok, have you had any surgeries before? 02:29:02 02:29:04 [Speaker 2]: No I've not. 02:30:02 02:30:02 [Speaker 1]: Have you ever been admitted in the past? 02:31:04 02:32:05 [Speaker 2]: No. 02:32:00 02:32:03 [Speaker 1]: Ok, In your family, is there any similar illness like this? This same thing you are experiencing? 02:38:100 02:38:100 [Speaker 2]: No none. 02:39:03 02:39:100 [Speaker 1]: Alright. 02:40:03 02:40:100 [Speaker 2]: Yes. 02:41:00 02:41:99 [Speaker 1]: Do you smoke? 02:44:04 02:45:01 [Speaker 2]: No I don't. 02:45:04 02:46:01 [Speaker 1]: Ok do you drink? 02:46:04 02:47:01 [Speaker 2]: No. 02:47:02 02:49:04 [Speaker 1]: You don't drink at all? Even if it is once in a while? 02:52:02 02:52:99 [Speaker 2]: Ok, I take alcohol occasionally, but I won't say I'm a drinker, but I drink it occasionally. 02:57:05 02:58:02 [Speaker 1]: So what do you do for work? 02:59:04 03:00:03 [Speaker 2]: I work as a construction worker 03:02:01 03:02:99 [Speaker 1]: Works as a construction worker? 03:04:05 03:04:00 [Speaker 2]: Yes. 03:04:01 03:05:00 [Speaker 1]: So, do you have any allergy? Like do you know you are allergic to this drug, that if you take it, you will start feeling somehow? 03:11:99 03:12:01 [Speaker 2]: No I don't, I don't think so. 03:13:100 03:14:02 [Speaker 1]: Alright, thank you very much. 03:15:03 03:15:04 [Speaker 2]: You are welcome 03:16:02

medical

19-25

Isoko

NG

00:01:94 [Speaker 1]: Right, Victor? You're welcome. Today we'll be talking about something that is popular, that is cut across almost all the cultures. Something that a lot of people know about. And many people always look forward to it. Victor, can you guess? 00:21:98 00:22:97 [Speaker 2]: I can't guess. 00:23:00 00:23:97 [Speaker 1]: Okay. 00:23:99 00:23:100 [Speaker 2]: Is it birthday? 00:24:98 00:25:98 [Speaker 1]: Exactly. Victor will be talking about birthday today. So I know that everybody alive has a birthday. But this time around, I don't know if everybody alive really does the birthday celebration type of thing. So, Victor, can I know what you think of birthday? What do you understand as birthday? Or what's? What's your simple explanation or definition of a birthday? 00:55:98 00:56:99 [Speaker 2]: Birthday, in the simplest definition, is a special day set apart to remember the day you were born. And its mostly held on the month and the dates that you were giving birth to. Your official date of birth. 01:12:98 01:13:95 [Speaker 1]: Okay, so birthday is something that people. celebrate every year right? To remember the other year or the other, other, other year that they were giving birth to. 01:25:95 01:25:95 [Speaker 2]: Yeah. 01:25:97 01:26:94 [Speaker 1]: Okay and its celebrated the same day and month. Okay, so, Victor, this birthday celebration, I learned that its for only rich people, that poor people don't celebrate birthday. Do you think that is true? 01:42:96 01:43:95 [Speaker 2]: Poor people don't celebrate birthday. Actually, actually its subjective, because some rich people don't like celebrating their birthday. 01:55:97 01:56:97 [Speaker 1]: Okay. 01:56:99 01:57:95 [Speaker 2]: But I'll not remove the fact that to celebrate your birthday, you actually need money. So, some people, because of their poor, they have many problems in their lives, so birthday is the least of their worries. So, the highest they can get on their birthday is just a happy birthday. But most times they just even forget their birthday because they're going through a lot. So birthday is the last thing on their mind. 02:22:95 02:23:97 [Speaker 1]: So what you're saying is that a lot of people don't remember to really celebrate their birthday probably because of what they are facing. 02:32:96 02:32:98 [Speaker 2]: Yes. 02:34:00 02:33:96 [Speaker 1]: Okay, Victor, can I know when last you celebrated your birthday? 02:39:98 02:40:100 [Speaker 2]: Just a few months ago. 02:41:100 02:42:94 [Speaker 1]: Few months ago? 02:44:00 02:43:95 [Speaker 2]: Yes. 02:43:97 02:43:99 [Speaker 1]: Okay, so that few months ago, did you really remember that it was your birthday or someone reminded you? 02:49:98 02:49:98 [Speaker 2]: No, I remembered. I remembered. But obviously, sometimes I used to forget it's my birthday. Like, the previous year, I forgot it was my birthday. My birthday passed. Like, can you imagine, like, for somebody to forget the day they were born. Like, I didn't put too much value into birthday, because I felt birthday is just an ordinary day like, it's just. So if I should be sadistic, some people do view birthdays as one year closer to your death. So to them its not something special. Just another day, just a day they were born. Nothing much. Nothing. Nothing to see there. 03:29:98 03:31:97 [Speaker 1]: Alright. So you, few months ago, you celebrated your birthday. Can I know, Victor, if there is any of those, your birthdays that you find very, very special or the one that had some events that made you, it very memorable for you. That you can say, I can't forget my second two years old birthday, three years old birthday or any of those. 03:56:95 03:56:96 [Speaker 2]: I can't actually remember the year or the age I was in but I'll not call it my personal birthday. Because on my personal birthday, the highest they did for me, was happy birthday and it ends there. Nothing special. Maybe my mom bought chicken that day and we cooked it, just a remembrance of me and ended there. No special events, no special stuff happened but something later happened. Because few weeks after that, my parents decided to do a general birthday to celebrate everybody in our house. So we did it in a large way. My parents invited people to our house, our compound. We celebrated all our birthdays in one day. I know it's funny it's funny yeah. It does not normally happen in some families. 04:49:98 04:49:98 [Speaker 1]: Family of Victor Demas. 04:51:96 04:51:96 [Speaker 2]: It does not happen in some families but my father had to do it and that day, something special happened. My father did us a special surprise. He bought us really expensive, table tennis board where we can use and play table tennis. So up to date, that table tennis is still there. So, I think that was the most memorable birthday celebration. Even though it was not my birthday. It was a family birthday. It was the most memorable. Something close to a memory birthday I had. 05:26:96 05:27:97 [Speaker 1]: So say the one that you people had generally as a family was your most memorable birthday. Wow. So outside that, your normal birthday, what, don't you think about, cake? Because, I learned that, I see that most people, they see birthday as a day that they have to purchase cake or eat cake or I, share cakes to their friends. Do you think that without cake there will be no birthday or something? Birthday celebration. Do you think that cake is extremely necessary for birthday? That people cannot celebrate birthday without cake? 06:19:99 06:23:96 [Speaker 2]: Birthday is a symbol of, sorry, cake is a symbol of birthdays. Like, it's something attached to birthdays. Like, literally, if you see a cake with candles in a picture, obviously, you know, it was, its used to remember somebody's birthday. It signifies birthday. Just like, chicken, like turkey, represents Easter, thanksgivings. 06:49:95 06:49:98 [Speaker 1]: Yeah. 06:49:99 06:50:97 [Speaker 2]: Same way with bunnies represents Easter thanksgiving. Rice, rice and stew represent Sundays. 06:59:95 07:00:100 [Speaker 1]: That's Nigeria only. 07:01:95 07:01:96 [Speaker 2]: Nigeria only. So cake represent birthdays. It's, it's, I don't know where the tradition started, but it has been there for a long time. 07:09:100 07:09:95 [Speaker 1]: Do you think it's Nigerian tradition or it's foreign? 07:13:00 07:12:96 [Speaker 2]: Should be foreign because our old fathers never knew what cake was. 07:16:98 07:17:94 [Speaker 1]: Okay, so how do you think that your old father celebrated their birthday? Or they don't celebrate birthday? 07:24:96 07:24:98 [Speaker 2]: I don't think they celebrated their birthday. 07:25:100 07:25:100 [Speaker 1]: So what you're saying that birthday is not a tradition of your ancestral home? 07:30:94 07:30:95 [Speaker 2]: Because if you ask some of these, our great grandfathers and our grandfathers that are still alive, some people are lucky to have their grandfathers. That's, that's actually good. So, but if you ask them, most of them don't know their age. 07:42:96 07:42:99 [Speaker 1]: Okay. 07:43:96 07:43:96[Speaker 2]: They don't know their age and that just tells you that they don't keep track of their age and if they don't keep the track of age, obviously they were not celebrating their birthday. They were not being reminded that this was the day they were born. Because if they were remembering this, was the day they're born, they will not, they will actually remember the dates they were born and they will be able to calculate their age. 08:01:95 08:01:95 [Speaker 1]: So they don't really put much emphasis in birthday, then. Wow, the old people really missed a lot. So old people, I think that's true, actually, because I barely remember that when my grandmother died, we had to guess her age by estimate. It wasn't really her exact age that was written on the poster. So we have to go through her age mates to discover maybe the age, her age. 08:32:98 08:33:97 [Speaker 2]: Yeah. 08:33:99 08:35:94 [Speaker 1]: So if you have kids, would you like to introduce them to birthday celebration? 08:40:97 08:42:95 [Speaker 2]: If I have kids, obviously. 08:43:98 08:43:99 [Speaker 1]: Are you, will you celebrate them just normal, happy birthday, like you were raised. 08:50:96 08:51:98 [Speaker 2]: To have a limit for the first few years of their life, I'll be celebrating a birthday, but, as they grow older, I think I'll dial down on the way I celebrate their birthday. You can just be happy, wish then and maybe send them money. If I'm capable, I'll be sending them money. Happy birthday, take this as your birthday gift, that kind of thing. But not to come and do a ceremony to celebrate a birthday. But it's very essential you do a ceremonious birthday for your kids in their first few years of life. Maybe their first birthday, second birthday, fifth birthday, 6th birthday. But as a grow older, the birthday ceremonies thing, you can dial it down the beach and just do like a small gifting to them just to remind them that you love them and make them feel special on their birthday. 09:38:97 09:38:99 [Speaker 1]: Okay? So what you're saying is that those early age of their life where they take pictures and all that, that is very necessary that you celebrate their birthday for them, at least for the sake of memory. Alright, Victor, I appreciate your input on this issue of birthday. So I believe to see you around again for more discussion. Thank you so much, Victor. 10:06:97 10:07:95 [Speaker 2]: Yeah, thank you very much. 10:08:96

general

19-25

Igbo

NG

00:00:00 [Speaker 1]: Alright welcome to the clinic today. So what brought you to the hospital today? 00:08:98 [Speaker 2]: Fatigue and my skin and eye have been getting yellow for the past two weeks 00:18:99 [Speaker 1]: Alright. This fatigue you were persistently getting tired right? Yes. 00:25:02 [Speaker 2]: Yes 00:26:99 [Speaker 1]: How long had it been? 00:29:98 [Speaker 2]: For two weeks 00:31:02 [Speaker 1]: Ok. Did it happen? Did it started suddenly or you were noticing it starting gradually? 00:37:100 [Speaker 2]: It was gradual 00:42:00 [Speaker 1]: Ok. So is it present at all time of the day? Is it constant? 00:45:99 [Speaker 2]: Yes. It is 00:47:98 [Speaker 1]: Ok. Have you notice that maybe it gets better when you rest or take a nap? Or something? 00:53:02 [Speaker 2]: No, not at all 00:55:01 [Speaker 1]: Ok. Then the yellow of your skin and eye is. Where it noticed by you first? Or it was noticed by others? 01:03:98 [Speaker 2]: I was told by others 01:05:02 [Speaker 1]: Ok. Has it been coming and going? Or you noticed it is constant? 01:09:97 [Speaker 2]: It has always been constant 01:11:02 [Speaker 1]: Ok. Have you noticed any change in your appetite so far? 01:16:00 [Speaker 2]: No 01:17:02 [Speaker 1]: You didn't notice any change in your appetite? 01:20:00 [Speaker 2]: Ok. Yeah, i do. I have noticed 01:23:01 [Speaker 1]: What change? 01:26:02 [Speaker 2]: Fever 01:28:02 [Speaker 1]: Have you had any loss of appetite? That's what i mean 01:32:02 [Speaker 2]: Ok. Yes 01:34:01 [Speaker 1]: How about any weight loss? or 01:37:97 [Speaker 2]: Yes 01:39:02 [Speaker 1]: You have noticed weight loss? 01:39:99 [Speaker 2]: Yes 01:41:97 [Speaker 1]: Ok. Have you? You said you noticed fever or you had fever? No fever? 01:47:97 [Speaker 2]: No fever 01:48:97 [Speaker 1]: How about cough? 01:49:99 [Speaker 2]: No 01:49:99 [Speaker 1]: Have you had? Have you been vomiting? 01:54:00 [Speaker 2]: No 01:54:00 [Speaker 1]: No chest pain? 01:56:99 [Speaker 2]: No 01:56:99 [Speaker 1]: Abdominal pain? 01:59:02 [Speaker 2]: No 01:59:02 [Speaker 1]: Have there been any change in your stool? Have you noticed any change in your stool? The frequency or the color of your stool? 02:08:02 [Speaker 2]: No. I didn't notice any change 02:10:98 [Speaker 1]: How about your urine? 02:12:01 [Speaker 2]: No also 02:13:02 [Speaker 1]: Have you had any blood transfusion recently? 02:17:02 [Speaker 2]: No. I have not 02:18:97 [Speaker 1]: Or have you used any intravenous drugs? Any drugs that was administered via your veins? 02:24:100 [Speaker 2]: No 02:26:98 [Speaker 1]: Ok. Have you had? Have you come in contact with anyone that has this type of symptoms? Like yellow of the eye and been persistently fatigue? 02:37:100 [Speaker 2]: No. I have not 02:39:98 [Speaker 1]: Ok. So have you been admitted in the past before? 02:44:02 [Speaker 2]: I have not 02:45:99 [Speaker 1]: Have you had any surgeries before? 02:50:98 [Speaker 2]: No. 02:50:98 [Speaker 1]: You haven't, Ok. So do you have hypertension? Do you have epilepsy, Asthma, Diabetes? 02:59:97 [Speaker 2]: No doctor 03:00:99 [Speaker 1]: Sickle cell or peptic ulcer disease? 03:03:02 [Speaker 2]: I don't 03:04:98 [Speaker 1]: Have you had any surgeries in the past? 03:08:03 [Speaker 2]: I have not had any surgeries in the past at all 03:10:99 [Speaker 1]: Ok. How about in your family, these diseases i mentioned. Is there anyone in your family that has them? 03:18:100 [Speaker 2]: No. But father has liver disease 03:25:98 [Speaker 1]: Ok. So do you drink alcohol? 03:29:98 [Speaker 2]: Yes. I drink alcohol in a regular days like 5-6 beers everyday for like 20 years now 03:38:100 [Speaker 1]: Ok. You take 5-6 bottles? 03:41:97 [Speaker 2]: Yes. But i did not smoke 03:45:01 [Speaker 1]: I have not even gotten to that. But Ok that's fine. You don't smoke, alright . Are you on any drugs currently that you have to take regularly? Like everyday? That was prescribed by the doctor 03:57:98 [Speaker 2]: No. I am not on any drugs 03:59:97 [Speaker 1]: Ok. So is there any drug that you use to take that you noticed you have an adverse reaction to the drug? 04:07:97 [Speaker 2]: No 04:09:02 [Speaker 1]: Ok. what about any food that you take and then you have adverse reaction? 04:17:98 [Speaker 2]: There's not any food 04:21:00 [Speaker 1]: Ok. So basically you are telling me you don't have any allergies to whatsoever? 04:26:00 [Speaker 2]: No. I do not 04:27:98 [Speaker 1]: Alright. So no problem. Is a good thing to come to the hospital. So haven't taken your history would examine you and then after that we are going to run some investigations that will guide us in our diagnosis and then we will know what to do from there 04:51:100 [Speaker 2]: Ok doctor. Thank you 04:54:00 [Speaker 1]: Alright. Thank you

medical

19-25

Hausa

NG

00:00:00 [Speaker 2]: Yes please. You have my consent 00:01:100 [Speaker 1]: How old are you? 00:03:00 [Speaker 2]: I am 35 years 00:05:96 [Speaker 1]: Are you a male or a female? 00:06:01 [Speaker 2]: I am a female 00:07:100 [Speaker 1]: Ok. May i know what brought you to the hospital today? 00:10:100 [Speaker 2]: Alright. Thank you very much doctor. Well, i have been having difficulty in hearing and i have also been having some ear discomfort now 00:19:01 [Speaker 1]: For how long has this been for? 00:21:96 [Speaker 2]: Both of two days duration 00:23:01 [Speaker 1]: Ok. May i know the difficulty in hearing and ear discomfort. Which of them started first? 00:29:98 [Speaker 2]: The difficulty in hearing started first 00:32:97 [Speaker 1]: Ok. The difficulty in hearing was it gradual in onset or was it sudden in onset? 00:36:99 [Speaker 2]: Well, this difficulty in hearing i will say it was gradual in onset 00:43:96 [Speaker 1]: Ok. May i know the two ears are involved and is it pronounce in one of the ears? 00:49:99 [Speaker 2]: It actually worse. It is more pronounce in my right ear 00:53:98 [Speaker 1]: Ok. Is that your ear discomfort? Can you like kind of describe it for me? 00:59:97 [Speaker 2]: Ok. Well, i have this feeling of fullness and pressure. There is this feeling of fullness and pressure in the ear 01:07:01 [Speaker 1]: Ok. Is the discomfort like sharp or stabbing? 01:11:96 [Speaker 2]: No. It is not sharp or stabbing. it is not 01:13:98 [Speaker 1]: Ok. Is there any associated ear discharge? 01:16:97 [Speaker 2]: No. I have not notice any discharge from my ears or any form of it 01:20:01 [Speaker 1]: Are you bleeding? 01:20:01 [Speaker 2]: No, not at all 01:21:100 [Speaker 1]: Ok. How about is there any associated dizziness? 01:26:99 [Speaker 2]: No. I have not notice any association of dizziness 01:29:01 [Speaker 1]: Are you having any balance issues? 01:31:01 [Speaker 2]: No. None i can remember of 01:33:97 [Speaker 1]: Have you been recently expose to loud noises? 01:36:97 [Speaker 2]: No. No history of any loud exposure or noises 01:40:96 [Speaker 1]: How about trauma to the ear? 01:42:00 [Speaker 2]: Trauma to my ears? No. None i can remember of 01:44:100 [Speaker 1]: Did you recently go swimming? 01:49:98 [Speaker 2]: No. I don't recall going for swimming anytime 01:52:96 [Speaker 1]: How about been exposed to water? 01:54:98 [Speaker 2]: No, not at all 01:56:99 [Speaker 1]: Do you have any history of ear infection? 01:59:97 [Speaker 2]: No. I have not had any history of any ear infection 02:01:99 [Speaker 1]: Have you had any ear surgery? 02:03:99 [Speaker 2]: No, not at all 02:05:97 [Speaker 1]: Ok. Is there any history of chronic ear disease or surgery? Like previous history of that? 02:12:98 [Speaker 2]: No. No chronic ear disease or surgery 02:15:00 [Speaker 1]: Do you have hypertension? 02:18:98 [Speaker 2]: No. No. No 02:19:99 [Speaker 1]: Epilepsy? 02:20:99 [Speaker 2]: Not at all 02:22:01 [Speaker 1]: Asthma? 02:22:01 [Speaker 2]: Not at all 02:24:96 [Speaker 1]: Diabetes? 02:25:97 [Speaker 2]: None i can remember of 02:26:98 [Speaker 1]: Sickle cell disease? 02:27:98 [Speaker 2]: No, not at all 02:29:97 [Speaker 1]: Ok. Have you been admitted in the past? 02:32:96 [Speaker 2]: No. I have not had any hospital admission 02:34:97 [Speaker 1]: Have you been blood tranfused in the past? 02:36:97 [Speaker 2]: No. None i can remember of 02:39:01 [Speaker 1]: Ok. Have you had any previous surgeries in the past? 02:42:01 [Speaker 2]: No. No previous surgeries 02:43:99 [Speaker 1]: Do you have a family history of hearing loss or ear diseases? 02:47:98 [Speaker 2]: Not at all doctor 02:49:99 [Speaker 1]: Do you smoke? 02:51:01 [Speaker 2]: Smoke? No, i don't smoke 02:52:98 [Speaker 1]: Do you take any other tobacco containing substance? 02:55:00 [Speaker 2]: No, not at all 02:56:96 [Speaker 1]: Ok. Do you consume alcohol? 02:59:96 [Speaker 2]: Occasionally, i do consume alcohol 03:01:97 [Speaker 1]: Are you on recreational drug? 03:04:01 [Speaker 2]: Not at all 03:04:99 [Speaker 1]: May i know what you work as? 03:06:99 [Speaker 2]: Well, i teach in a secondary school. I work as a school teacher 03:11:96 [Speaker 1]: Ok. Are you on any prescribe medication? 03:14:96 [Speaker 2]: Not at all 03:16:100 [Speaker 1]: Are you aware of any drug or food allergies? 03:20:96 [Speaker 2]: I know i have none 03:22:00 [Speaker 1]: Thank you for the information 03:23:97 [Speaker 2]: You are welcome "

medical

19-25

Hausa

NG

00:00:00 [Speaker 1]: Alright, Can I confirm your age and gender, please? 00:04:01 [Speaker 2]: I am a female and 35 years old. 00:07:97 [Speaker 1]: Okay. So, what brought you to our hospital today? 00:12:01 [Speaker 2]: I have been experiencing pain and swelling in my left leg, It started about two weeks ago and the pain has been constant. 00:20:01 [Speaker 1]: Sorry about that. 00:21:98 [Speaker 2]: Thank you, Doctor. 00:22:98 [Speaker 1]: So, about the pain, Did the pain start suddenly or gradually? 00:28:96 [Speaker 2]: It started gradually. 00:31:02 [Speaker 1]: So, on a scale of 0-10, 0 being no pain at all and 10 being the worst pain ever, How severe is the pain, and how would you rate the pain? 00:41:98 [Speaker 2]: About 8 out of 10 in severity. 00:45:02 [Speaker 1]: That means you are feeling pain. Sorry about that. 00:49:98 [Speaker 2]: Thank you, Doctor. 00:50:98 [Speaker 1]: So, Is the pain radiating? Is it moving to any other part of the leg or body? 00:56:00 [Speaker 2]: No, Doctor. The only thing is that the swelling and pain are in the same area. They are both localized to my left lower leg, and the swelling is gradually increasing in size. 01:11:96 [Speaker 1]: Have you noticed any other symptoms along with the pain and swelling? 01:16:98 [Speaker 2]: Yes, I've been having a high-grade fever, especially at night. It's been coming and going. 01:24:98 [Speaker 1]: Okay, Have you experienced any recent injury to your leg or traveled anywhere recently? 01:31:98 [Speaker 2]: No, There haven't been any injuries, and I haven't traveled anywhere recently. 01:37:100 [Speaker 1]: Okay, Have you tried taking any over-the-counter pain medications for relief? 01:43:99 [Speaker 2]: Yes, I have tried, but they haven't helped much. 01:48:01 [Speaker 1]: Sorry about that. 01:49:97 [Speaker 2]: Thank you. 01:50:99 [Speaker 1]: So, have you experienced any numbness or tingling in your left leg? 01:56:96 [Speaker 2]: Yes, now that you mentioned it, I have felt some tingling sensations. 02:03:01 [Speaker 1]: Okay, Thank you for mentioning that. You know numbness and tingling can be important symptoms to note so that's why I asked you. So, with this along with the pain and swelling, could also indicate nerve involvement or compression. so, we'll definitely take that into consideration when doing our examination. so, Miss Kemi, Lets discuss about your medical history. Have you had any Chronic diseases or surgeries in the past? 02:39:00 [Speaker 2]: No, I haven't had any chronic diseases or surgeries. 02:43:96 [Speaker 1]: What about your family history, any similar illnesses among your relatives? 02:46:99 [Speaker 2]: No, There is no family history of similar illness. 02:50:99 [Speaker 1]: Okay, and in terms of your life style, do you smoke, drink alcohol or use recreational drugs? 03:00:01 [Speaker 2]: I don't smoke, but I do drink alcohol occasionally. I don't use recreational drugs. 03:06:98 [Speaker 1]: Okay, So, are you currently taking any medications, either prescribed or over the counter? Are you currently taking any one right now? 03:14:00 [Speaker 2]: No, I'm not taking any medications. 03:17:00 [Speaker 1]: Okay, so, Do you have any known allergies to medications or food? 03:21:99 [Speaker 2]: No, I don't have any known allergies. 03:24:99 [Speaker 1]: Okay, so As part of our examination, I'll like to ask you some questions about your gynaecological health. Have you noticed any changes in your menstrual cycle recently? 03:39:01 [Speaker 2]: No, my menstrual cycle has been normal. 03:41:98 [Speaker 1]: Okay, Have you had any abnormal vaginal discharge, itching or pain? 03:48:01 [Speaker 2]: No, everything has been normal in that area. 03:50:98 [Speaker 1]: Okay, Noted. Have you ever been pregnant and if so how many times? 03:57:97 [Speaker 2]: yes, I have two children 04:00:96 [Speaker 1]: So, did you have any complications during your pregnancies and deliveries? 04:05:97 [Speaker 2]: No, they were both normal pregnancies and deliveries. 04:09:96 [Speaker 1]: So, have you had any recent gynaecological exams or screenings? 04:13:100 [Speaker 2]: No, I haven't had any recently. 04:16:99 [Speaker 1]: Okay,Have you ever had any gynaecological surgery, such as a hysterectomy or ovarian surgery? 04:26:01 [Speaker 2]: No,I haven't had any gynaecological surgeries. 04:30:01 [Speaker 1]: Okay, okay, have you ever had any sexually transmitted infections? 04:36:98 [Speaker 2]: no, I've never had any STIs. 04:41:00 [Speaker 1]: Okay, okay. Have you been using any form of contraception and if so, Which type? 04:48:100 [Speaker 2]: yes, I've been using condom with my partner. 04:52:100 [Speaker 1]: That's good, that's good. Have you had any pelvic pain unrelated to your menstrual cycle? 04:59:96 [Speaker 2]: No, I haven't had any pelvic pain. 05:02:96 [Speaker 1]: Okay, so thank you Kemi. Based on your responses, your gynaecological health seems to be normal. now lets continue with the examination of your leg. so based on your on our discussion, i'll like to perform a physical examination to better understand what might be causing your symptoms. we'll start by examining your leg, your left leg and checking your temperature. 05:35:01 [Speaker 2]: Okay, Doctor 05:38:00 [Speaker 1]: Okay, so based on your symptoms and examination,it's possible that you have a condition called deep vein thrombosis, which is a blood clot in one of the deep veins in your leg. This can cause pain, swelling and fever especially if the clot breaks loose and travels to your lungs causing a pulmonary embolism. However, we will need to confirm this with some tests, such as an ultrasound of your leg, and we will also check for any signs of infection, such as cellulitis. In the meantime, we are going to prescribe some drugs, some medication to help with the pain and the swelling. so, that's what we're gonna do for now. 06:31:98 [Speaker 2]: Okay sir. thank you, doctor, 06:33:96 [Speaker 1]: okay, so is there anything else you'll like to discuss? 06:37:01 [Speaker 2]: No, Doctor. Thank you for your help. 06:39:98 [Speaker 1]: you are welcome, Kemi. we'll get to the bottom of this together and make sure you are feeling better soon. take care.

medical

19-25

Isoko

NG

00:00:00 [Speaker 2]: Ok. Doctor i have been experiencing rectal bleeding for the past two weeks and it is gotten worse. Starting off as a little bit of blood in my stool but now there's quite alot of bright red blood mixed in. I have also had change of this in my bowel cavity, going from regular to alternating between my constipation and diarrhea and i have lost some weight unintentionally and i have been feeling really tired lately 00:36:03 [Speaker 1]: Ok. Giving these symptoms. Can i? I want to start by asking you a few more questions to understand your condition better. First is have you notice any blood on the toilet paper or in the toilet room? 01:02:01 [Speaker 2]: Yes. I definitely notice blood on the toilet paper. Sometimes there's even blood dripping into the toilet after i finished going into the bathroom 01:16:99 [Speaker 1]: Ok. That a significant amount of bleeding. So i want to investigate on this further. So i want to ask you about your diet. Have you notice any changes in your appetite or the food you're eating? 01:35:03 [Speaker 2]: To be honest, my appetite has been i little bit up lately. I have been feeling an unusual. I have been having to force myself to eat sometimes. I haven't really made a big changes to my diet though 01:53:02 [Speaker 1]: Ok. So Thank you for sharing this information. I have a few more questions to ask about your medical history and family history and all. First can you tell me about your past medical history including any surgeries or hospitalizations? 02:21:00 [Speaker 2]: I haven't really had any major surgeries or hospitalizations in the past. I have high blood pressure but it is well controlled with medication 02:33:98 [Speaker 1]: Ok. That's good to hear. And regarding your family history can you tell me about your family history either your mom or your dad? 02:54:03 [Speaker 2]: Regarding my family. My father passed away from colorectal cancer 03:02:02 [Speaker 1]: Ok 03:04:02 [Speaker 2]: That's about it and my mother has breast cancer about 10 years ago but she's been in remission for several years now. I think other than that I can't think of any other illness or cancers that run in my family 03:23:98 [Speaker 1]: Ok. Thank you for sharing that information. So a family history of cancer especially colorectal cancer and breast cancer can increase your risk for developing certain cancers. But now let's talk about your social history. Do you drink or smoke? 03:55:100 [Speaker 2]: I don't smoke and i quit about 10 years ago but i do drink on occasional events 04:06:02 [Speaker 1]: That's great. Quiting smoking can be significantly reduce your of developing several types of cancer. Now let's move on to allergies. Do you have known allergies either to medications or other substance? 04:29:99 [Speaker 2]: No. I don't have any known allergies. I have never had any issues with medication or anything else like that 04:38:01 [Speaker 1]: Ok. Thank you for sharing that information. Now based on your symptoms and family history and social history there are few possible conditions that could be causing these symptoms. One possibility as you mentioned is colorectal cancer and other possibility include inflammatory bowel disease, polyps or hemorrhoids and diverticulosis. To confirm all these conditions i would like to have some test including colonoscopy and blood test 05:21:00 [Speaker 2]: A colonoscopy sounds a bit intimidating. Can you tell me more about what it involves? And what you expect to find? 05:33:98 [Speaker 1]: I understand your concern and i may know a colonoscopy is a procedure where a flexible tube and a camera is inserted through the rectum and into the colon. You know, to examine of the large intestine. So it is very common and safe procedure that is used to screen for and diagnosed for colon and rectum condition. So i expect to find the cause of your symptoms whether it is cancer, polyps or something else. So you see during the colonoscopy if we find any polyps or areas of concern, we can remove small samples of the tissue for further examination. This is known as biopsy. We can also take biopsies of any abnormal looking areas in the colon lining. So to sample will then be sent to a lab for analysis to determine if they are cancerous or benign 06:44:03 [Speaker 2]: What will happen if biopsy result shows that i have cancer doctor? 06:52:02 [Speaker 1]: Ok. Excuse me, if the biopsy results comes back as positive for cancer then we will discuss the best treatment options for you 07:08:98 [Speaker 2]: Thank you for answering all my questions doctor. I feel a bit more informed now but also more nervous about the possibility of a cancer 07:20:01 [Speaker 1]: I understand how you feel but remember that catching any potential issues early can make a big difference. I am here to support you through this process and i will schedule the test and i will take one step at a time. So please don't hesitate to reach out if you have any other questions or concerns 07:45:02 [Speaker 2]: Thank you. I will be waiting for the test result and i appreciate your help 07:50:99 [Speaker 1]: You are very much welcome. So based on my findings from the symptoms you shared and the information shared from the patient. There's rectal bleeding for two weeks worsening over time and change in bowel habit. There's no significant past medical history, Family history and there's also family history of colorectal and breast cancer. There's no current smoking but occasional alcohol consumption and there are no allergies. So the possible diagnosis includes colorectal cancer which is the most likely based on the symptom, family history and also social history and also the second diagnosis could be inflammatory bowel disease which is known as the IBD which is less likely due to lack of abdominal pain or diarrhea." -1:28:-1-1:28:-1

medical

19-25

Hausa

NG

00:00:98 [Speaker 1]: I'm 45 years old. 00:02:00 00:02:97 [Speaker 2]: Male or Female? 00:03:00 00:03:02 [Speaker 1]: Female. 00:03:98 00:04:97 [Speaker 2]: Okay. Please what brings you here today? 00:06:02 00:07:97 [Speaker 1]: Okay, so overtime I notice I urinate more frequent than usual, and I get more thirsty often. 00:15:99 00:17:98 [Speaker 2]: Okay. so if I heard you correct, you experience frequent urination and excessive thirst. 00:23:00 00:23:01 [Speaker 1]: Yes. 00:23:97 00:23:99 [Speaker 2]: Okay. so how long has this being going on for? 00:26:00 00:27:98 [Speaker 1]: For about 2 weeks now. 00:29:00 00:29:98 [Speaker 2]: Two weeks. Okay, is there a time of the day when this urination is more frequent or does it just happen throughout the day? 00:38:02 00:39:02 [Speaker 1]: From what I've observed, I think it's more frequent at night. 00:42:02 00:43:00 [Speaker 2]: At night, okay. 00:44:99 00:45:98 [Speaker 1]: Like, at night I can urinate like maybe 5 times or 6 before I wake up. 00:50:98 00:50:100 [Speaker 2]: Okay. Tell me more, do you experience any pain or burning sensation while urinating. 00:56:00 00:56:97 [Speaker 1]: No, I do not experience any pain. 00:58:98 00:59:98 [Speaker 2]: Okay. And do you feel tired, Unusually tired? 01:04:98 01:07:01 [Speaker 1]: Yeah, yeah 01:07:98 01:08:97 [Speaker 2]: And this happened within this 2 weeks of frequent urination? 01:12:01 01:12:97 [Speaker 1]: Yes 01:12:99 01:13:01 [Speaker 2]: Okay. Have you lost weight recently 01:15:00 01:16:02 [Speaker 1]: Yes, I've lost about 2kg, from my observation. 01:20:02 01:20:02 [Speaker 2]: Without trying? you are not dieting? 01:22:01 01:22:01 [Speaker 1]: Without trying. I'm not trying to loose weight, I'm not dieting. Just... 01:24:99 01:26:97 [Speaker 2]: Within the past 2 weeks how has your vision been? 01:29:97 01:31:00 [Speaker 1]: There has been no change in my vision actually, my vision is. 01:33:98 01:33:98 [Speaker 2]: It's not blurred? 01:34:97 01:35:02 [Speaker 1]: No, my vision is fine. 01:36:98 01:37:02 [Speaker 2]: Okay. do you feel any sensation in your hands or your feet? 01:41:100 01:43:02 [Speaker 1]: Not at all. 01:43:99 01:44:01 [Speaker 2]: Okay. And have you noticed your injury take longer to heal? 01:50:99 01:52:99 [Speaker 1]: No, I haven't had an injury during that, like within that time frame, so. 01:57:98 01:58:98 [Speaker 2]: Okay, so you can't say. Have you had any skin infection? Have you noticed any skin infection? 02:03:99 02:04:02 [Speaker 1]: No. 02:04:99 02:06:98 [Speaker 2]: And this frequent urination and excessive thirst has it been persistent? 02:11:98 02:12:100 [Speaker 1]: Yes, it has been persistent. 02:14:99 02:15:01 [Speaker 2]: Have you taken any measures to relieve it? 02:18:02 02:21:02 [Speaker 1]: I have not taken any measure to relieve it, because initially I felt maybe it's just, it's nothing serious, over time it would, you know it would stop but. Oh! Except for like, I tried it for like 2 days, where I would drink a lot of water to see if I wouldn't get thirsty quick, and it was just like, there was no difference. 02:42:98 02:43:01 [Speaker 2]: Okay. So even while you increased your intake of water, you still had, you still felt excessively thirsty? 02:50:01 02:50:02 [Speaker 1]: Yes. 02:50:99 02:51:97 [Speaker 2]: Okay. so have you had any previous history of such symptoms. 02:56:97 02:57:00 [Speaker 1]: No. 02:57:98 02:58:01 [Speaker 2]: Any previous surgery? Have you undergone any surgery before? 03:01:01 03:01:01 [Speaker 1]: No, None. 03:01:02 03:01:100 [Speaker 2]: Okay. If I may ask, do any of your family members have history of diabetes? 03:10:01 03:10:99 [Speaker 1]: Oh, my mum had type 2 diabetes. 03:14:01 03:16:03 [Speaker 2]: Type 2 diabetes? 03:16:98 03:16:98 [Speaker 1]: Yes. 03:17:01 03:17:97 [Speaker 2]: Okay, I'll take down that. 03:18:98 03:18:100 [Speaker 2]: So, what's your lifestyle like? What do you do for a living? 03:24:99 03:26:02 [Speaker 1]: I am an accountant, so I'm always like behind the computer, so I don't really do much. I'm not really into exercise and. 03:34:98 03:35:97 [Speaker 2]: So from what you say, is it safe to say you spend most of your time sitting down? 03:41:02 03:41:98 [Speaker 1]: Yes I would say that. 03:42:97 03:43:00 [Speaker 2]: Okay. So what's your diet like? 03:44:99 03:47:98 [Speaker 1]: I don't cook much, so most times I eat like fast food or snacks. Yeah that's what I eat most times. 03:55:98 03:56:02 [Speaker 2]: Okay, do you smoke? 03:59:03 03:59:02 [Speaker 1]: No, I do not smoke. 04:00:97 04:01:01 [Speaker 2]: Do you take alcohol? 04:02:01 04:02:99 [Speaker 1]: Not at all. Okay except, except, except on occasions like special occasions, maybe weddings or something like that. Yeah. 04:10:98 04:11:00 [Speaker 2]: And during the occasions you take alcohol, how much do you consume? 04:16:02 04:18:00 [Speaker 1]: Not much, just little. A glass or 2. 04:20:02 04:21:01 [Speaker 2]: Okay. Are you currently on any prescription drugs? 04:24:98 04:26:02 [Speaker 1]: No, I'm not on any one. 04:26:98 04:27:00 [Speaker 2]: And within this 2 weeks that you've being experiencing frequent urination, were you on any drug? 04:33:00 04:33:98 [Speaker 1]: No. 04:33:100 04:34:98 [Speaker 2]: Any Allergy? 04:35:97 04:36:01 [Speaker 1]: None that I know about. 04:37:02 04:38:97 [Speaker 2]: Okay, Thank you very much for your time. The patient, a 45 year old female complains of frequent urination and excessive thirst which has lasted for 2 weeks, and this frequent urination occurs mostly at night. And the patient complains, says there is no burning sensation or associated pain during urination. My diagnosis is, I suspect the patient has diabetes mellitus specifically type 2 diabetes. The symptoms of frequent urination, excessive thirst, fatigue and unintentional weight loss are classic signs of diabetes. For further diagnosis, I will request a fasting plasma glucose test and a oral glucose tolerance test. 05:33:98

medical

19-25

Isoko

NG

00:00:00 [Speaker 1]: So the topic is books. What's your favorite book? 00:05:99 [Speaker 2]: I don't think I have a favorite book because I like a lot of books. What is yours? 00:17:99 [Speaker 1]: My favorite book is I just like any book written by Colin Hoover and Karen Kingsbury and Francis Rivers. 00:25:97 [Speaker 2]: So why do you like their books? 00:27:100 [Speaker 1]: Because they have like their concepts. Book writing is very good. Okay, who is your favorite author? 00:39:98 [Speaker 2]: I think I like Sydney Sheldon. 00:42:97 [Speaker 1]: Okay. I know him. 00:45:99 [Speaker 2]: His books are very. How like put it. They are intriguing. 00:51:96 [Speaker 1]: Yes. 00:51:96 [Speaker 2]: He always has, like you can't expect. 00:53:99 [Speaker 1]: Yes. Suspense. There's always suspense. And he's my dad's favorite author too. And what book, like, what's your favorite book of his? 01:05:97 [Speaker 2]: Master of the game boy. It's very long. 01:08:97 [Speaker 1]: What is it about? Talk about. 01:12:95 [Speaker 2]: It's about. I don't know, it's about one guy, bar, that was like cheated in business. When he started, he was backstabbed. So for his like revenge, he now came back to, how I put it now to take vengeance on all those people, like to their generations, their grandchildren, all of them, he still came back to like revenge. What his would I say? What their great grandfather now did to him. 01:39:00 [Speaker 1]: Oh, that's nice. My favorite book of conning Hoover's is verity. And I like Verity because it's like out of her comfort zone kinda, because normally she writes about romance. And just like most of her books are, most of her books are predictable. But this one, it had a lot of like plot twists and a lot of. 02:02:99 [Speaker 2]: Even the endings. 02:02:99 [Speaker 1]: Yes. Like the middle was like. Ah. Then the ending just like made everything just go. Exactly. And um. What other book do you like? 02:12:96 [Speaker 2]: Um, there's this. Colleen Hoover's book. It was not all that shabbo, it still had all those. Plenty plot twists. I think the name is 13 minutes or so. Have you seen it? 02:26:97 [Speaker 1]: No. 02:26:97 [Speaker 2]: About one girl that drowned for like 30 minutes. Then she now. But they rescued her and then like she was still alive. One funny thing like that. 02:35:100 [Speaker 1]: Oh, I've never heard of it. I'm going to go and read it now. Um, have you read November 9? 02:42:97 [Speaker 2]: Yes. Wait. Yes, the one. 02:44:99 [Speaker 1]: I think November 9 is about fire. Is it now? 02:47:97 [Speaker 2]: I'm sorry, I used to confuse them because it's just similar. 02:51:97 [Speaker 1]: There's one about fire that she got burnt and then she had a scar and she was insecure about. That's what I'm saying. November 9. 03:02:00 [Speaker 2]: Now I think. I don't know. 03:02:99 [Speaker 1]: And then that was the date, right? That she got. Yeah. So, like, every anniversary of that day, I think she and her dad used to go for, like, lunch or dinner or something. I can't remember. The book is really. 03:18:95 [Speaker 2]: It's confusing. I can't really remember that. But you've read it ends with us. 03:18:95 [Speaker 1]: Yes, it ends with us. What do you think about what's his name? Is it Gavin? 03:26:96 [Speaker 2]: I can't remember their names. But the main guy sha. 03:29:00 [Speaker 1]: The one that. No, the one that had violence in him. 03:32:95 [Speaker 2]: And that's what me, I feel like. 03:32:95 [Speaker 1]: You feel like he's justified. 03:34:100 [Speaker 2]: No, he was just using it as an excuse. Yes, because every time, like, any time, it will happen that maybe he'll beat her or he'll do something. So he always had. He always had an excuse for it. Like that first time when it happened, he said he did not know what made him push her. How won't you know what will make you push somebody? 03:50:98 [Speaker 1]: Especially after the fact that, um. Is it his sister that told her that he killed somebody? He killed his brother when he was younger or something like that? Or is it him that told her that he killed his brother when he was younger? So he had that trauma. So I feel like maybe because he couldn't heal from that trauma. That's why it was always haunting him. 04:09:97 [Speaker 2]: And he's still paying me. That did not end up together. As toxic as it was. 04:12:100 [Speaker 1]: It was very toxic. 04:15:00 [Speaker 2]: I still felt like I wanted him to get that. 04:18:00 [Speaker 1]: But the line was crossed when he put. Pushed her down the stairs. Yes, that's it. And then was it the time? Was she pregnant twice? Or is it just one? 04:26:100 [Speaker 2]: No, I think it was just once. She gave birth now to. 04:29:96 [Speaker 1]: I was thinking maybe she had a miscarriage at first. Okay. 04:29:96 [Speaker 2]: No, I don't think so. 04:31:100 [Speaker 1]: So she was just pregnant once. And then when she. Now. I like the part that she. After she gave birth to the child, she now told him that this is over. And she now gave him that scenario of, if your daughter comes to tell you that somebody, her man, used to beat her and everything, would you tell her to stay with him? And then he said no. That's when he now realized. What nigerian author have you like? Which book? 05:00:96 [Speaker 2]: I don't think I can. 05:02:97 [Speaker 1]: Have you read them? Have you read that Legos book? What's it called? 05:08:99 [Speaker 2]: Nearly all the men in Lagos. 05:11:96 [Speaker 1]: Have you read it? 05:11:96 [Speaker 2]: Yes, I've read it. 05:13:95 [Speaker 1]: What's your thoughts? 05:13:95 [Speaker 2]: Men are mad. Men are crazy. 05:15:99 [Speaker 1]: I swear. 05:17:98 [Speaker 2]: Like that one that his wife was like the breadwinner of everything. 05:20:98 [Speaker 1]: That facebook. 05:20:98 [Speaker 2]: Yeah. And she was now feeling bad about it that her boss told her that she should come for, like, a vacation. And he was even angry. Why didn't she go? 05:30:96 [Speaker 1]: He's the one that was pushing her to, like, go, go. And then when she now went and nothing really. Okay, things happened, but, like, when she came back, things were never the same again. 05:39:99 [Speaker 2]: How will it be the same? 05:41:100 [Speaker 1]: But he was collecting the watch and. 05:45:100 [Speaker 2]: Everything, raping somebody else. 05:45:100 [Speaker 1]: He actually. 05:48:95 [Speaker 2]: Yes, he actually did. It was when she read. Because she kept on defending her husband. It was not when she read the girl's story and then she saw that particular line that hopefully her husband. 05:58:98 [Speaker 1]: That's when I knew that men are. Men are wicked. 06:01:98 [Speaker 2]: The one I read, sha. But it has all those. Yeah. LGBTQ things inside. I can't remember. 06:07:96 [Speaker 1]: No. Okay. 06:09:96 [Speaker 2]: I can't remember the name of the author. Body book is the death of Vivek og or something like that, sir. 06:14:97 [Speaker 1]: Okay. I've already read it. From nigerian book. 06:17:96 [Speaker 2]: Yes. It shocked me because me, I was thinking that, okay. The way it was going. Next thing I just saw that. I think he even kissed his cousin, baby. What? That's where he started. That book is crazy. Last Lasher, he died. They killed him because, like, his friends used to warn him that he. He's always kind of people that used to say, like, they want to come out as the real person that they are. What. What was. And I think there was, like, crisis in the. That they will be what? So one day he now went out during one of all those crisis. He wore his skirts. Lipstick, water, even. That's how they killed him. I'm not supposed to be laughing. Which one? Which one? Hmm. There's this one, I think I won't told ringtongue the name of the book. I can't remember. I don't have the screenshot again that the woman was married to one guy, but the guy has a disorder that he cannot see anybody's face. Like, if he looks at you, your face is just blurry. So it now, like the way they were writing the book, I forgot. The name of the book is Sha. Like, how they're writing the book is like a diary of somebody. I can't remember Sha. So the way they were writing the book, it was looking like it was the woman that was, like, expressing her feelings because they used to be so in love. But then their marriage just went south, so she now booked a trip. I mean, she won, like, all these. Will I say I don't know what it was she shouted. Won one thing, that they gave them a vacation to one place like that. So as they were going, the road was bad, it was raining heavily. When they reached the place, it now looked like all those haunted mansions or something like that. Then every day, Shas, they used to stay there. Weird things used to happen. And then there was, there were no houses around that place, except one particular cottage. Like that one small cottage. And it was one old weird woman that used to live there. So they didn't used to go and see her now. So apparently, after all this plenty drama, I think the some fish she now started seeing like, like ghosts appearing in the house or like somebody appearing maybe by the window or something. Now apparently the main person that was writing the book was that old woman that was in that house when that boy was young. You know, he can't see faces now. He only remembered that the woman that he was working with us, his mother, was wearing like a red gown. And then somebody in a car hit her and then she died. That was how he lost his mother. So he always remembers that his more a red gown, but he doesn't know who killed her. And like all those things now. So apparently the main person that was writing the book was his mother. No, not his mother. The woman that he originally married, that woman that he went for the vacation with, was the main person that killed his mom when he was younger. But he did not know. And then, like, I don't. The story is sha confusing, because that woman that was now in that cottage was not like his original wife, but that woman Shah made it in a way that she got married to him. And here and then she now displays down. So when that woman found out, she now made them to come close to her, and when she could now torture them and all those things. The book was creepy. 09:27:98 [Speaker 1]: I wish you remembered the name. So I really. Sounds interesting. 09:30:96 [Speaker 2]: I'll ask Ringtone. 09:32:96 [Speaker 1]: And then there's a book I read of, because Kingsbury and Francis Rivers, they are christian authors. So like, there's a book I read of. 09:40:98 [Speaker 2]: I'm not the one that writes hard songs. Abyss. No. Okay. No. Francis Rivers. No. He's redeeming love. 09:45:98 [Speaker 1]: Yeah. Redeeming. You're afraid. 09:47:99 [Speaker 2]: Yes. I've even watched the movie. I don't like it. I don't like any time that they make movies or books, because it never is. 09:54:95 [Speaker 1]: Yes. Meets the standard. 09:56:96 [Speaker 2]: Just. It's just like after. Yeah. 10:00:97 [Speaker 1]: When I read redeeming love. Redeeming love was like the first ever book I read of fancy rivers and the book is big. It was long, but it was interesting because I think they were talking about Hosea by the Bible, but it made it sound very interesting and very so. 10:18:95 [Speaker 2]: In the Bible. 10:21:99 [Speaker 1]: But like, it just made it sound like human, like. 10:24:99 [Speaker 2]: Yes. And it was like real. 10:27:95 [Speaker 1]: Yes, exactly. 10:27:95 [Speaker 2]: How you marry somebody and then she'll go back. After you've taken out of prostitution, she will now go back. Even sleep with your brother. Yeah, well, it was his brother, but. 10:38:98 [Speaker 1]: Then he just went back because he said, God said that. Well, if it was me, I don't think I got. And the fact that he went like, he met her at first in like. 10:54:98 [Speaker 2]: Like, as he's just so high. It was just like love at first sight. 10:57:98 [Speaker 1]: And then he will paid for her time. Like, he paid, like he paid for her time. Right? I can't remember. I read the book a long time ago. 11:05:98 [Speaker 2]: Anyways, he kept on paying to see her and he was not doing anything with that. 11:11:97 [Speaker 1]: Yes, he'll just sit down and just talk and just see. He just wants to talk. And then another book I read. But there's a book that. It has like two series, like two parts. The first one is matters legacy. And then her mother's legacy, you see. Then her daughters, fancy rivers still. And then the book was talking about, um, just know, like three descendants. The first one, like everything, it was like a cause following each other. Because like, what happens to the first one happens to the second. Like they were all going through the same thing they were going through the first time she was raped. And then her daughter now got raped too, when it was like it was just repeating itself. And then they never had, like, good relationship with their mothers. Like three of them never have good relationship. Very confusing. And then I used to forget some. 12:13:00 [Speaker 2]: Books, even me too, most times. Like, if I don't talk about it immediately, I finish reading it after. Sometimes be so, like, this is just blurry. 12:18:98 [Speaker 1]: I can't remember some parts, but, like, I can't. What else? What other book? 12:24:97 [Speaker 2]: There's one again that I read recently. What's the name? I can't remember the name. Boys. All those creepy books. Basically at the end of it is just showing you, like, how the devil used to, like, say, trick people into believing that he's a good person. Okay, I'm trying to remember the name. Shall I read it last semester? 12:44:100 [Speaker 1]: Not read any book recently? I remember the last book I read. Yes, let's talk about. Because they don't see novels, books, constitutional law or something. 12:59:95 [Speaker 2]: I don't think I'm busting that. So what books? What books? 13:22:95 [Speaker 1]: What's your favorite book related to law? 13:26:97 [Speaker 2]: Criminal law. I think I like it because the. It has a lot of scenario. All the cases are like stories basically. So you can always remember the scene. 13:35:97 [Speaker 1]: Can you remember that case in the criminal law book that in the criminal law book that he used cutlass to and he said that it was a snake or something. It was his mom that he used. 13:57:100 [Speaker 2]: Okay. Yes. That the place was dimly dark and everything when he now he even cut her and body part safely and he. 14:04:98 [Speaker 1]: Now claimed that it was a snake. And the fact that he could just like Lol. And then what other story in the. 14:18:00 [Speaker 2]: Law books can you remember that one that he went to go and he was married then he now brought one woman to his house. I think he's concubine Abi. What? That he even told his wife to cook for them. Then she now went to kill the woman in the night when she was sleeping. 14:32:97 [Speaker 1]: Can you remember that one? That one? I think it cause criminal law book too. That one? That one. That he brought his friends and each of his friends had their moments with her and then. 14:49:99 [Speaker 2]: And then he was not even charged with anything because he was married to her. Exactly. 14:56:95 [Speaker 1]: It's not fair that case. It hurts my feelings.

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Yoruba

NG