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A & B High Performance Firearms was a competition pistol manufacturer. Products included the "Limited Class" and "Open Class" semi-automatic pistols, both available in .40 S&W; and .45 ACP. A & B sold directly to consumers. ==References== ==External links== Category:Defunct firearms manufacturers Category:Defunct manufacturing companies based in California

A & C Black is a British book publishing company, owned since 2002 by Bloomsbury Publishing. The company is noted for publishing Who's Who since 1849 and the Encyclopedia Britannica between 1827 and 1903. It offers a wide variety of books in fiction and nonfiction, and has published popular travel guides, novels, and science books. ==History== The firm was founded in 1807 by Charles and Adam Black in Edinburgh. In 1851, the company purchased the copyrights to Sir Walter Scott's Waverly novels for £27,000. The company moved to the Soho district of London in 1889. During the years 1827–1903 the firm published the seventh, eighth and ninth editions of the Encyclopædia Britannica. This was purchased from Archibald Constable after his company's failure to publish the seventh edition of the encyclopedia. Adam Black retired in 1870 due to his disapproval of his sons' extravagant plans for its ninth edition. This edition, however, would sell half a million sets and was released in 24 volumes from 1875 to 1889. Beginning in 1839, the firm published a series of travel guides known as Black's Guides. The company was the publisher of the annual Who's Who (since 1849) and also, since 2002, the Whitaker's Almanack. Other notable works include Black's Medical Dictionary and the Know The Game series of sports rules and laws reference books.Know The Game, archive.org. Retrieved 16 April 2017. The firm also published the A. & C. Black Colour Books: Twenty Shilling Series (1901–21),A. & C. Black Colour Books: Twenty Shilling Series, publishinghistory.com. Retrieved on 16 April 2017. a "range of high-quality colour collectable picture books"The History of A&C; Black Publishers, archive.org. Retrieved on 16 April 2017. which are still collected by bibliophiles.Cliff Tomaszewski, "A. & C. Black's 20/- Colour Books", Stella and Rose's Books. Retrieved 16 April 2017. In 1902 they published P. G. Wodehouse's first book, The Pothunters, and went on to produce many of his early works. In 1989 A & C Black purchased both Christopher Helm Publishers and later the Pica Press, publishers of the Helm Identification Guides, from Christopher Helm.FOB: Firms Out of Business, utexas.edu. Retrieved 16 April 2017. In 2000 A & C Black was purchased by Bloomsbury Publishing Plc, which continued producing the former's range of reference works. In June 2002, T. & A. D. Poyser and their back-list of around 70 ornithology titles were acquired from Elsevier Science. A & C Black purchased Methuen Drama from Methuen Publishing in 2006, and acquired Arden Shakespeare from Cengage Learning in 2008. In 2016, A & C Black Music list moved to Collins Learning, a division of HarperCollins Publishers Ltd. ==Notable books== thumb|World maps from A & C Black's 1854 General Atlas Of The World *Black's Medical Dictionary *Whitaker's Almanack *Who's Who *Wisden Cricketers' Almanack *Writers' & Artists' Yearbook ==Book series== * Artist's Sketch Book Series * Ballet Pocket Series (Newman Wolsey; then: A. & C. Black)Ballet Pocket Series (Newman Wolsey Ltd; then: A. & C. Black) - Book Series List, publishinghistory.com. Retrieved 31 January 2020. * Black's Guides * Black's Junior Reference Books * Black's Novel Librarybibliogroup:Black's Novel Library, Google Books. Retrieved 31 January 2020. * Black's Popular Series of Colour Books * Black's School History * Black's "Water-colour" series * Colour Books: The 7s. 6d. Net Series * Colour Books: The 6s. Net Series * Colour Books: The 10s. Net Series * Colour Books: The 20s. Net Series * Dancers of To-day * Ecclesiastical History of England (General Editor: J. C. Dickinson) * The Fascination of LondonSir Walter Besant and G. E. Mitton, The Fascination of London: Holburn and Bloomsbury, London: Adam & Charles Black, 1903 (The Fascination of London series), archive.org. Retrieved 31 January 2020. * Guild Text-books * How-and-Why Series * Know the Game * The Making of the NationsThe Making of the Nations (A. & C. Black) - Book Series List, publishinghistory.com. Retrieved 31 January 2020. * Peeps at Ancient Civilisations * Peeps at Great Cities * Peeps at Great Explorers * Peeps at Great Men * Peeps at Great Railways * Peeps at History * Peeps at Industries * Peeps at Many Lands * Peeps at Nature * Peeps at Nature for Little Children * Peeps for Little People * The Peeps Series (sometimes called: Miscellaneous Peeps series) * Social Life in England ==Imprints== * Adlard Coles Nautical * Arden Shakespeare * Andrew Brodie Publications * Featherstone * Methuen Drama * T. & A. D. Poyser * Reeds Almanac * John Wisden & Co ==References== ==Further reading== * Colin Inman, The A & C Black Colour Books: A Collector's Guide and Bibliography 1900-1930, London: Werner Shaw, 1990. ==External links== * A&C; Black - archive.org copy of the site as it was on 15 January 2010. * History of A&C; Black, acblack.com (archive.org copy). * Bloomsbury Publishing corporate structure * Bloomsbury Publishing corporate history * Whitaker's Almanack * A & C Black Colour Books: Twenty Shilling Series * Records of A. & C. Black Publishers Ltd, University of Reading * Recovering Publishing Histories: the Adam & Charles Black Letterbooks Category:Encyclopædia Britannica Category:Ornithological publishing companies Category:Publishing companies established in 1807 Category:1807 establishments in Scotland Category:1889 establishments in England Category:Companies based in Edinburgh Category:History of Edinburgh Category:Companies based in the City of Westminster Category:Book publishing companies of Scotland Category:2002 mergers and acquisitions

A & F Harvey Brothers, first Spinning Cotton Mill, established by Scottish brothers Andrew Harvey and Frank Harvey, in the year 1880. ==Early history == A & F Harvey Brothers were born in the year 1850 and 1854, respectively, in a farmer family in Scotland. They traveled to India during 19th century and landed in Madras. They started the business of bailing cotton and established the first cotton press mill in Virudupatti, near Tuticorin. They started export business in cotton. In 1940's Andrew started a Hydro Electric project in Papanasam. Frank died in 1905 and Andrew died in the year 1915, and their memorial was inaugurated by Sir James Doak, the then Managing Director at Ambasamudram in 1949 ==List of mills== *1880 - A & F Harvey Cotton Press in Virudupatti *1885 - Tinnevelly Mills Ltd now called as Thirunelvelli *Coral Mills in Tuticorin, India *Madura Mills in Madurai ==References== Category:Cotton mills

A & G Price Limited is an engineering firm and locomotive manufacturer in Thames, New Zealand founded in 1868. ==History== A & G Price was established in 1868 in Princes Street, Onehunga by Alfred Price and George Price, two brothers from Stroud, Gloucestershire. They built almost 100 flax-milling machines in their first year.Book Reviews Rails June 1983 page 22 The brothers also built machinery for gold miners. They moved to the Coromandel Gold Rushes in 1871 setting up premises in Beach Road, Thames and closing the Onehunga works in 1873 after building 10 coaches and 12 trucks there for the Public Works Department. The firm's ownership was transferred to a limited liability company in 1907. ===Ownership=== thumb|A & G Price, Thames, early 1900s A & G Price Limited remained under family management until November 1949 when it was bought by Wellington engineers, William Cable & Company. The two companies then exchanged board members but kept their separate identities. Cable bought Downer & Co in 1954 and in 1964 William Cable Holdings was renamed Cable, Price, Downer Limited. In 1974 the staff of A & G Price alone was in excess of 520 people. Its head office was in Fanshawe Street, Auckland. Beach Road Thames was described as a branch.The New Zealand Business Who's Who, 22nd Edition, FEP Productions, Wellington. undated ISSN 0077-9571 In 1988 corporate raider Brierley Investments obtained control of the group parent, Cable Price Downer, and broke the group back into its three separate businesses. A & G Price, Beach Road, Thames, was until liquidation part of the Tiri Group, based in Mount Wellington and controlled from Nelson by Tom Sturgess.History BloombergAbout Us - Tiri Group In July 2017, A & G Price was placed in administration with the loss of 100 jobs.New Zealand rail engineering firm closes after nearly 150 years The Railway Magazine issue 1398 September 2017 page 103 The business was bought from the administrator by Christopher Reeve in April 2018. Reeve had been unable to sell the land and buildings.A&G; Price foundry sold and to be restored. Teresa Ramsey, Stuff accessed 3 March 2019 The business now operates with a reduced workforce under Reeve's ownership. ==Products== A & G Price produced water turbines under the Pelton patent. Lester Allan Pelton invented and a highly efficient turbine patenting it in 1880. Initially, Pelton manufactured and sold the turbines to gold mine operators in the California goldfields, and later licensed the manufacturing to companies across the world. A small A & G Price turbine is on display at the Goldmine Experience in Thames, New Zealand. Abner Doble helped A & G Price develop a steam engine for buses at the Thames workshops.Thames News Auckland Star 25 February 1931 page 17 The first engine was trialled by the Auckland Transport Board in the early 1930s. A second bus was made in 1932 for White and Sons for the Auckland Thames route.Thames News Auckland Star 11 July 1932 page 5 In 2004 a precision-formed yacht keel division was set up to make the Maximus canting keel. ==A & G Price and railways== A & G Price was the largest private New Zealand railway locomotive manufacturer, both in terms of output and in terms of supply of rolling stock to the New Zealand Government Railways (NZGR or NZR) and other firms, mainly Bush tramways used for logging timber. Price manufactured 22 carriages and wagons in the early 1870s, and manufactured two locomotives in the 1880s for private industry, the first being a 0-4-0ST Saddle Tank type locomotive. The Thames Branch railway line opened in 1898, and Price won a tender to make locomotives for NZR in 1903 and 1906. Later in the 1950s and 1960s they manufactured a number of diesel shunting locomotives for the NZR, the TR class, and some for private users.New Diesel Shunting Locomotives Railway Gazette 25 January 1957 page 100 In the 1920s several petrol tanks were built for NZR and in 1964 for Mobil. 400 LC class wagons were built in 1960. In 1990 A & G Price regauged 24 of the 31 Silver Star carriages to metre gauge (1000 mm) for running in Malaysia, Singapore and Thailand as the Eastern & Oriental Express.Silver Star Carriages Leave New Zealand New Zealand Railway Observer issue 208 Summer 1991 page 168 Six carriages from this train were stored at Price's Thames workshop in case any extra carriage conversions were required, with the remaining carriages shipped to South East Asia but not refurbished. These carriages were later sold by the Eastern & Oriental Express to private owners in New Zealand. ===Locomotive types built by A & G Price=== * 1885 0-4-0ST type (1), gauge, built originally for Waiorongomai Tramway, used 1886-1894 by Mander & Bradley at Pukekaroro, 1897-1908 by Messrs. Smyth Brothers' Tramway at Kennedy Bay, 1908 as PWD # 511 for railway construction Picton and Otira, and finally scrapped in 1917New Zealand Geared Locomotives. Locomotive Owners: A & G Price Ltd., Thames. * WF (15)Metamorphosis of the WF's New Zealand's first export of home-grown motive power Tasmanian Rail News issue 226 December 2004 pages 12-19 * A (50) thumb|Price 16-wheeler * 1912 16-wheeler 0-4-4-4-4-0T type (4), similar to the Johnston 16-wheeler * 1912 Price C 0-4-4-0T type (2), similar to the Climax A Type * 1912 Price D 0-4-4-0T type (1), a smaller lighter version of the Price C * AB (20) * BB (30) * WAB (8) * 1923 Price E 0-4-4-0T type (4), similar to the Climax B Type * 1924 Price Ca 0-4-4-0T type (1), a Price C but with Heisler style bogies *1924 0-4-0 petrol Fordson rail tractor, followed by similar TR type locos for NZR and PWD * 1925 Price Cb 0-4-4-0T type (4), an updated version of the Price C * 1926 Price Ar 0-4-4-0T type (1), a Meyer locomotive type * 1927 Price Cba 0-4-4-0T type (1), an improved development of the Ca and Cb types * 1937 Price E 0-4-4-0T type (1), an improved version of the previous E type * 1939 Price Rail Tractor (10), a small petrol-mechanical design * 1943 Price V 0-4-4-0T type (1), the last Heisler built in the world for Ogilvie & Co at Gladstone, near Greymouth. Moved from there in 1965. * 1951 Price Da 0-4-0 type (3), 2 ft gauge diesel mechanical design for Mines Department at Ohai coal mines *early 1950s 5 diesel and 7 battery-electric 3-ft gauge for Rimutaka Tunnel construction * Price Model 1 through Model 22, various diesel types, many of which were supplied to the NZR * 1971 Price Rail Tractor (1), last locomotive constructed, for yard use at A & G Price. It used a Fordson Major E1 as its base. ===Preserved locomotives=== thumb|200px|right|1951 built 2ft gauge Da type locomotive * A 423 - Glenbrook Vintage Railway * A 428 - Weka Pass Railway * AB 699 - Pleasant Point Railway * BB 144 - Mainline Steam * CB 108 - Tokomaru Steam Museum * CB 113 - Canterbury Railway Society * CB 117 - Bush Tramway Club * CBA 119 - Shantytown and Westland Heritage Park * E 111 - Bush Tramway Club * Price 149 - SteamRail Wanganui * Price 150 - Steam Scene * Price 151 - Goldfields Railway * Price 152 - Ormondville Rail Preservation Society * Price 166 and 168 - Blenheim Riverside Railway * Price 184 - Bay of Islands Vintage Railway, named Freddie * Price 185 - Ocean Beach Railway * Price 198 (now TR 119) - The Plains Railway * Price 199 - Main Trunk Rail Ohakune * Price 200 - Whangarei Steam & Model Railway Club * Price 212 - SteamRail Wanganui * Price 213 - Mainline Steam Heritage Trust * Price 218 - Putaruru Timber Museum. * Price 221 - Silver Stream Railway * Price 222 - KiwiRail * Price shunter - DoC Kaueranga Valley * Price Shunter - Bush Tramway Club * TR 38 - The Plains Railway * TR 103 (TR 344 TMS) - Morrinsville Kiwi Fertilizer (now on loan to the Rotorua Ngongotaha Railway Trust) * TR 107 (TR 396 TMS) - Shantytown * TR 108 (TR 407 TMS) - Waitara Railway Preservation Society * TR 111 (TR 442 TMS) - Taieri Gorge Railway * TR 113 (TR 465 TMS) - SteamRail Wanganui * TR 117 (TR 505 TMS) - Pahiatua Railcar Society * TR 118 (TR 511 TMS) - Waimea Plains Railway * TR 119 (formerly Price 198) - The Plains Railway * TR 160 (TR 632 TMS) - Pahiatua Railcar Society * TR 161 (TR 649 TMS) - Reefton Historic Trust Board * TR 163 (TR 661 TMS) - Bay of Islands Vintage Railway Named Timmy * TR 165 (TR 684 TMS) - Waitara Railway Preservation Society * TR 166 (TR 689 TMS) - Waitara Railway Preservation Society * TR 170 (TR 724 TMS) - Wairarapa Railway Restoration Society (Stored offsite) * TR 171 (TR 730 TMS) - Museum of Transport & Technology * V 148 - Canterbury Steam Preservation Society * WAB 800 -Glenbrook Vintage Railway * WF 392 - boiler preserved at Don River Railway, Tasmania * WF 393 - Canterbury Railway Society ==References== *Lloyd, W. G. Register of New Zealand Railways Steam Locomotives 1863-1971 (2nd edition 2002) *Vennell, C. W. Men of Metal: The story of A & G Price Ltd, Auckland and Thames 1868-1968 (1968, Wilson & Horton, Auckland) * ;Notes ==External links== *Company website *Jake McKee Cagney: A&G; Price 'a healthy business now' after being put into liquidation in 2017. 31 October 2018 * * Category:Locomotive manufacturers of New Zealand Category:Thames-Coromandel District Category:Vehicle manufacturing companies established in 1868 Category:New Zealand companies established in 1868

thumb|right|238px|A portion of the Karagheusian Rug Mill as it stood, long abandoned, in Freehold in 1990. The faded "Gulistan" name can be seen in the center. A. & M. Karagheusian, Inc. was a rug manufacturer headquartered at 295 Fifth Avenue in Manhattan. Manufacturing was located in Freehold Borough, New Jersey and operated for 60 years before closing in 1964. It employed 1,700 people at its peak operation in the 1930s. Bruce Springsteen wrote about the Karagheusian Rug Mill’s closing in his 1984 song "My Hometown". ==History== Arshag Karagheusian (1872-1963) and Miran Karagheusian (1874-1948), were Armenians and fled Turkey in 1896 to go to England and then to the United States. The family had been in the rug trade in Turkey since 1818, and they began in the United States in 1897 as rug importers, and then expanded into manufacturing in 1903. By 1927 they had 15 broadlooms, weighing 15 tons each, and 196 single looms. They developed, and were the only manufacturers of "Gulistan Rug" carpets. They made the carpet for Radio City Music Hall in 1932 and for the United States Supreme Court building in 1933. They stopped manufacturing oriental carpets in 1953. ==Miran Karagheusian== Miran Karagheusian (1874–1948) married Zabelle and had: Howard Karagheusian who died young, and a scholarship was set up in his name; and a daughter, Leila Karagheusian (c1910-1999). Miran Karagheusian died on October 7, 1948, at Lenox Hill Hospital in Manhattan, he lived in Oyster Bay, New York and he had attended Robert College in Turkey. ==Arshag Karagheusian== Arshag Karagheusian (1872–1963) had the following children: Jean Karagheusian Hallaure (1898–2000) aka Alice Hallaure; Charles Karagheusian (1903–1977) who married Artemis Tavshanjian (1904–1990) on April 30, 1927, and Marguerite Karagheusian Agathon (husband Oshin Agathon) (1904–1986). Arshag served as the head of the Armenian General Benevolent Union from 1943 to 1952. Arshag died on September 24, 1963, in Larchmont, New York. ==Renovation== In 2001, the mill reopened as a 202-unit affordable apartment complex, named The Continental at Freehold. The New Jersey Department of Community Affairs (DCA) and its affiliated New Jersey Housing and Mortgage Finance Agency (HMFA) were major financiers of the project. Community Affairs Commissioner Jane M. Kenny said: "Nearly forty years after the looms were packed up and hauled away, the rug mill is a working building once again." ==Archive== The Monmouth County Historical Association at 70 Court Street in Freehold Borough, New Jersey, houses a collection of manuscripts, newsletters, newspaper clippings, photographs, negatives and other materials related to the A & M Karagheusian Rug Mill, which was located in Freehold, New Jersey. ==Roselle Park factory== The company had a factory in Roselle Park, New Jersey, from May 19, 1923 to 1962. ==References== ==External links== *Monmouth County Historical Association: Coll. 51 A & M Karagheusian, Inc. Records, 1914-2001 *NJ Department of Community Affairs: Karagheusian Rug Mill *About Gulistan: Current manufacturer website Category:1904 establishments in the United States Category:Armenian- American culture in New York City Category:Armenian-American history Category:Carpet manufacturing companies Category:Freehold Borough, New Jersey Category:Persian rugs and carpets Category:Turkic rugs and carpets Category:Textile companies of the United States

The A & P Food Stores Building in St. Louis, Missouri, is historically significant in part because it is rare in Saint Louis as a small commercial building having an Art Deco building design. Most others were either residential or larger commercial buildings. It also serves as an example of the work of Saum Architects, a not-well-known architectural firm of Saint Louis in the early 1900s. And it is also significant as having been one of the first supermarkets in St. Louis that was developed to serve automobile-owning customers, providing parking and convenient "one-stop shopping". including photos There were as many as 84 A & P stores in the city, 20 being supermarkets and the others being cash and carry stores; this building is one of the last surviving of these, and it was among those which kept operating up until A & P entirely left the city in 1979–1980. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2000. ==See also== * The Great Atlantic & Pacific Tea Company, food store chain ==References== Category:Art Deco architecture in Missouri Category:Buildings and structures in St. Louis Category:Commercial buildings completed in 1940 Category:Commercial buildings on the National Register of Historic Places in Missouri Category:The Great Atlantic & Pacific Tea Company Category:National Register of Historic Places in St. Louis Category:Grocery store buildings

A & R Recording Inc. was a major American independent studio recording company founded in 1958 by Jack Arnold and Phil Ramone. == History == Before founding A & R Recording in 1958, Arnold and Ramone had been working at JAC Recording, Inc.; Arnold had been a partner at JAC. The "A" and "R" initials were derived from their surnames. But also, Arnold and Ramone relished the idea that their initials and company name matched the industry acronym for "artist and repertoire," an important avocation in the recording industry. Jack Arnold ended his association with A & R Recording shortly after co-founding it, due to health issues. ===Original A & R studio – 112 West 48th Street=== The original studio was in Midtown Manhattan, New York City, on the fourth floor of Mogull's Film & TV building at 112 West 48th Street. The studio was named "Studio A1." Manny's—a music instrument retailer—was one-half of the first three floors; Mogull's Film & TV was the other half. Jim and Andy's Bar, an important hangout for studio musicians was next door at 116 West 48th Street. Ramone installed an intercom from the studio to Jim & Andy's to call for musicians if someone did not show-up. In the first studio, Ramone gained a reputation as a good sound engineer and music producer, in particular for his use of innovative technology. According to David Simons, author, the original studio at 112 West 48th St., which was started on a shoestring budget, remains Ramone's greatest legacy. The studio was designed for the purpose of doing demos. According to Ramone, the room, by , had an incredibly unique sound. He attributed much of it to the height of and before long clients were requesting to do their final tapes there and in no uncertain terms letting it be known that this was no mere demo studio. In a short period of time, Ramone felt the need to upgrade the equipment. ===Second studio, Studios A-1 and A-2 – 799 7th Avenue=== In October 1967, A & R purchased Columbia's Studio A on the seventh floor at 799 7th Avenue at 52nd Street and leased the space, which consisted of about Columbia had owned the studio since 1939. The building was demolished in 1983 to make way for Equitable Center West at 787 7th Avenue, currently the BNP Paribas Building. Toronto-born Donald C. Hahn (né Donald Clarence Hahn; 1939–2020), who had been with A & R since 1961, was – effective October 1, 1969 – promoted from Senior Engineer to Vice President of A & R Recording, in charge of supervising the 799 7th Avenue facilities. : Capacities, as published in 1974: : Studio A-1: 40 × 50 feet; height 30 feet – – accommodated 90 people : Studio A-2: 25 × 30 feet; height 12 feet – – accommodated 20 people === Third studio, Studios R-1 and R-2 – 322 West 48th Street === A & R added a third studio in the Leeds Music Corporation building at 322 West 48th Street. A & R became part owner of the building, a 6-story building, and designed recording studios on the first and second floors, named R1 and R2, respectively. The "R" stood for "Ramone." A & R also occupied the basement. 322 West 48th Street is currently the home of American Federation of Musicians Local 802, the New York City musicians' union and the Jazz Foundation of America. : Capacities, as published in 1974: : Studio R-1: 38 × 28 feet; height 13-3/4 feet – – accommodated 26 people : Studio R-2: 20 × 25 feet; height 13 feet – – accommodated 12 people === Launch of A & R Records === In February 1970, A & R Recording launched A & R Records, a company that produced albums of artists that included Paul Simon, Billy Joel, George Barnes (musician) and Bucky Pizzarelli. === Satellite studios === In 1970, A & R Recording formalized two partnerships to build two satellite studios, one with Brooks Arthur (né Arnold Brodsky; born 1936) in Blauvelt, New York, and one with Norman (Norm) Fuller Vincent (1930–2014) in Jacksonville, Florida. ==== 914 Sound Studios==== The partnership with Arthur was named "914 SRS" and was located at 34 NY Route 303 in Blauvelt. "SRS stood for "Sound Recording Studios." The legal structure of the partnership was in the form of a New York corporation operating as a wholly owned subsidiary of A & R Recording Inc. The entity name was "914 Sound Recording Studios, Inc." The studio, a converted gas station, opened October 1970. Arthur owned one-half; Ramone, Don Frey, and Arthur Downs Ward (1922–2002) owned the other half. They sold it in 1978 and the corporation—914 Sound Recording Studios, Inc.—dissolved in 1982. ====Vincent SRS ==== The partnership with Norman Vincent, et al. was named "Vincent SRS" and was located in Jacksonville, Florida, and opened November 1970. Vincent was the operator. ===Closing=== A & R Recording closed in 1989. == Selected artists == Artists produced by Ramone include * Clay Aiken * Burt Bacharach * The Band * Bono * Laura Branigan * Ray Charles * Karen Carpenter * Chicago * Peter Cincotti * Natalie Cole * Chick Corea * Bob Dylan * Sheena Easton * Melissa Errico * Gloria Estefan * Aretha Franklin * Billy Joel * Elton John * Quincy Jones * Patricia Kaas * B.B. King * Julian Lennon * Shelby Lynne * Madonna * Barry Manilow * Richard Marx * Paul McCartney * George Michael * Liza Minnelli * Anne Murray * Olivia Newton-John * Sinéad O'Connor * Fito Páez * Luciano Pavarotti * Peter, Paul, and Mary * June Pointer * André Previn * Diane Schuur * Michael Sembello * Carly Simon * Paul Simon * Frank Sinatra * Rod Stewart * James Taylor * The Guess Who * Frankie Valli * Dionne Warwick * Stevie Wonder * Nikki Yanofsky == Neighborhood == In a 10-block area of midtown Manhattan during the disco era, there was Media Recording, Hit Factory, Sony, and A&R; Recording had two buildings. And last but certainly not least, Record Plant Recording studios @ 321 W. 44th Street, with four studios, duplication room, two mobile recording trucks, and the master cutting room, and the Record Plant Shop. # A & R Recording Inc. 112 West 48th Street Opened by Jack Arnold and Phil Ramone 1959. Corner of 6th Avenue, next door to Jim & Andy's Bar (116 West 48th Street) and Manny's Music (156 West 48th Street), both famous musicians hangouts. Used regularly by Tom Dowd for Atlantic sessions and producer Creed Taylor for Verve. Van Morrison recorded "Brown Eyed Girl" there. # A & R Studio 2 (formerly Columbia Studio A) 799 7th Avenue Opened by Jack Arnold and Phil Ramone early 1968 # Associated Sound (now Quad Recording Studios) 723 7th Avenue Near corner of West 48th Street, a few doors down from Dick Charles. The Angels' "My Boyfriend's Back," the Raindrops' "What A Guy" and The McCoys' "Hang On Sloopy" were cut there # Bell Sound (later The Hit Factory) 237 West 54th Street Founded June 1950 by Allen Weintraub and Daniel Cronin (1929–1968), both classmates from Brooklyn Technical High School; studio was located at 135 West 54 beginning June 1959; Burt Bacharach's favorite studio. Bought by Jerry Ragovoy 1968 and reopened as The Hit Factory; sold 1975 to partner Eddie Germano (né Edward F. Germano; 1941–2003); now run by Troy George Germano (born 1962), his son # Capitol Studios, Studio A (Capitol Records, Inc.) (the studio operated under Capitol from 1949 to 1961) 151 West 46th Street First floor (one floor up) in the 14-story Eaves Building (built in 1928). The Eaves Costume Company – founded by Albert Grammer Eaves (1847–1900) in 1863 ( years ago), and still in existence – occupied the ground floor. # Century Sound 135 West 52nd Street One flight up. Former radio studio. Opened by Brooks Arthur in 1967 # Columbia 30th Street 207 East 30th Street Converted Armenian church. Opened 1949, closed mid-1982, torn-down, now an apartment building # Columbia Studio A (later A & R Studio R2) 799 7th Avenue Opened in the 1930s. Columbia's main facility prior to East 30th Street. Sold to A & R late 1967 # Columbia Studio B 49 East 52nd Street Former site of CBS Radio Network building, near Madison Avenue. Opened late 1967 # Dick Charles 729 7th Avenue Small demo studio, near corner of West 48th Street, a few doors up from Associated. Many of S'pop's favored songwriters recorded demos there # Mira Sound 145-155 West 47th Street On the ground floor of the Hotel America, now a Euro-style hotel. Recorded there: "Remember (Walking in the Sand)" by The Shangri-Las and "Society's Child" by Janis Ian # The Power Station (now Avatar Studios) 441 West 53rd Street Near 10th Avenue. Founded 1977 by Tony Bongiovi. Previously home to ConEdison (hence Power Station) # RCA 155 East 24th Street Near Lexington Avenue # RCA Webster Hall 125 11th Street In the East Village. Built late 1800s. Converted by RCA early 1950s. Now a nightclub # The Record Plant (later Streetlight) 321 West 44th Street Once home to Warner Brothers Pictures; opened by Gary Kellgren and Chris Stone in 1968 # Stea-Philips 7th Avenue Corner 51st Street, close to Columbia Studio A and 1650 Broadway. Owner: Lenny Stea (né Leonard J. Stea; born 1928). The Four Seasons cut "Sherry" there # Talentmasters Recording Studio 126 West 42nd Street Owners: Bob Gallo and Robert (Bob) Harvey. Later bought out by Atlantic The Who recorded there # World United 1595 Broadway Owner: Harry Lookofsky, aka Hash Brown, father of Michael Brown of The Left Banke, who recorded "Walk Away Renée" there # JAC Recording, Inc. 152 West 58th Street Owner: Charles Leighton This is where Phil Ramone got his start # Allegro Sound Studios 1650 Broadway Owner (original): Kama Sutra Records This was actually on the 51st Street side of the 1650 Broadway building, located in the basement, around the corner from the famous jazz club Birdland. Originally a demo studio for Kama Sutra, it was then purchased by Laurie Records, who gave it an extensive upgrade under chief engineer Bruce Staple. After several changes in ownership, it became known as Generation Sound Studios in the 1970s. Many of the Tommy James hits were recorded there, including I Think We're Alone Now and Crimson And Clover. After the departure of Bruce Staple, Tony May of A&R; became chief engineer. == Personnel == In 1972, management of A & R included Robert Gerics (general manager & studio manager), Nick Diminno (studio manager), and Irving Joel (chief engineer). The studio was located at 322 West 48th Street. Management and shareholders Recording Inc. * * * * * Records (subsidiary) * * * Engineers * Brooks Arthur, engineer * Roy Cicala, engineer * Ami Hadani * David Greene, engineer, producer * Roy Halley, engineer * Tom Hidley * * Bob Ludwig, mastering engineer * Tony May, engineer * * * * * Fred Weinberg, engineer, producer * * Shelly Yakus, engineer Studio managers * Nick Diminno, studio manager * Robert Gerics, general manager & studio manager * Mitch Plotkin, studio manager == Bibliography == === Annotations === ===Notes=== ===References=== * Note: Addey is a prolific recording studio audio engineer known for is work with The Beatles at Abbey Road Studios. * * * * * * * * * * * * ; . * * ; (pdf copy). * ; ; . * * * ; . * * * * ; ; . * ; ; . 1. 2. 3. * * ; , ; . * ; ; (Classic ed.); (Delux ed.); . * . Category:1958 establishments in New York City Category:1958 in New York City Category:1989 disestablishments in New York (state) Category:1989 in New York City Category:1980s in Manhattan Category:American companies established in 1958 Category:American companies disestablished in 1989 Category:Companies based in Manhattan Category:Defunct companies based in New York City Category:Entertainment companies based in New York City Category:New York (state) record labels Category:Record labels established in 1958 Category:Record labels disestablished in 1989 Category:Recording studios in Manhattan Category:Rhythm and blues record labels Category:Rock record labels Category:Pop record labels

A is a 1965 short film animated by Jan Lenica. ==Summary== It involves a writer tormented by a giant letter "A". He frees himself from the "A" only to encounter a "B".MUBI ==Background== It began production in late 1965 and premiered at the Oberhausen Film Festival in February 1965. The film was considered lost until it was found as a part of a 1973 episode of Screening Room Screening Room: Jan Lenica (1973)|Documentary Educational ResourcesSaid episode of Screening Room on IMDb and uploaded to YouTube in 2016. ==References== ==External links== * * Category:1965 films Category:West German films Category:German animated short films Category:1960s French-language films Category:1965 animated films Category:1960s animated short films Category:1965 short films Category:1960s rediscovered films Category:Rediscovered German films Category:1960s German films Category:Rediscovered animated films

A is a 1998 Japanese documentary film about the Aum Shinrikyo cult following the arrest of its leaders for instigating the sarin gas attack on the Tokyo subway in 1995. The film focuses on a young spokesman for the cult Hiroshi Araki, a troubled 28-year-old who had severed all family ties and rejected all forms of materialism before joining the sect. Director Tatsuya Mori was allowed exclusive access to Aum's offices for over a year as news media were continually kept out. However, despite the documentary's unique perspective on Aum's internal workings, it was not financially successful. Mori released the sequel A2 in 2001, which followed the dissolution of the cult in the absence of their leader, Shoko Asahara. ==Cast== *Hiroshi Araki - Himself ==References== ==External links== * *"A" review at Midnight Eye Category:1998 films Category:Japanese documentary films Category:1998 documentary films Category:Aum Shinrikyo Category:Documentary films about terrorism Category:1990s Japanese films

A is an 1998 Indian Kannada-language romantic psychological thriller film written and directed by Upendra. It stars Upendra and Chandini in the lead roles.Article about the plot of A, and an interview with Chandni, the heroine. Rediff.com (11 December 1999). Retrieved on 2015-08-18. The film revolves around a love story between a film director and an actress which is narrated through multiple flashbacks within flashbacks and reverse screenplay. It also explores about the dark truths like casting couch in the film industry. The soundtrack and background score were handled by Gurukiran in his debut film.Kannada composer Gurukiran wants to do more reality shows. The Hindu. 12 January 2008 The opening sequence of the movie where a misanthropic man who is exhilarated by the sense of power he receives by carrying a revolver while walking on the streets was reported to be based on Jean-Paul Sartre's short story Erostratus found in his 1939 collection of short stories The Wall. A was released on 23 January 1998 and received praise for Upendra and Chandini's performances, soundtrack, cinematography and reverse screenplay, which made the audience to watch it multiple times in order to understand the story. The film collected more than 20 crore at the box office and gained a cult following.A sequel to A – Kannada Movie News. Indiaglitz.com (19 July 2010). Retrieved on 2015-08-18. The film was dubbed into Telugu under the same title and was released in Andhra Pradesh. It was remade in Tamil as Adavadi.Adavadi – Review. Entertainment.oneindia.in. Retrieved on 18 August 2015. Upendra won the Udaya Film Award for Best Male Actor (1998) and Gurukiran won the Udaya Film Award for Best Music Director (1998). ==Plot== Marina, a foreigner, wants to distribute the unreleased controversial film A written and directed by Soorya. However, the CBFC permits only 20 random minutes to be screened, and the climax is censored to such an extent that it no longer made any sense. She suggests its producers to re-shoot the film. However, Soorya is not able to participate in the film's shoot as he became a drunkard after actress Chandini, who debuted with his film, rejected his love. Soorya's family is unable to meet their ends after he stops directing films. Lost in her thoughts, he wanders near her house every night drunk, only to be expelled by her henchmen. Unable to bear Soorya's torture, Chandini asks him to jump from a building to prove his love. Soorya jumps without hesitation. While he survived the fall, he is badly wounded and admitted to the hospital by Marina and the team. One of Soorya's former assistant directors explains Soorya's past to Marina. Soorya was a successful director who had no feelings, especially for a woman's love. After his current female lead fails to act properly, he cast Chandini after a chain of events. Initially, Soorya rejects Chandini's love, but after frequent run-ins and days of pursuit, Soorya falls in love with her madly. Soorya later meets a rich and busy Chandini, who lives in a big bungalow and as the mistress of a wealthy married businessman. Chandini defends herself, saying that Soorya's views on the materialistic world influenced her to prioritize money over everything else after her father's death. He tries to explain to her that she is wrong, but is expelled. Due to this, Soorya gave up everything and became an alcoholic, wandering near her house every day, hoping that she would accept him. Soorya escapes from the hospital and is confronted by Marina, to whom Soorya explains his love for Chandini. He then saves a novice actress named Archana from a group of henchmen who are revealed to be Chandini. Archana reveals Chandini was used as bait by the politicians to trap Soorya and stop his A from release. In turn, Chandini exploited the weakness of those politicians by way of the casting couch. She proves this to Soorya, who, along with his father and Archana, are arrested on charges of prostitution. The police were bribed by Chandini, who abducts Archana while Soorya and his father are arrested. Soorya and his father are released on bail by Marina, and his family's plight makes Soorya swear revenge. He restarts the shoot of A and turns out to be a superstar due to the films' success starring him. The climax shoot is pending, and Soorya wants to shoot it realistically, which is the death of Chandini in a burning house. The camera rolls and Soorya kidnaps Chandini from her hen house where women are prostituted to influential politicians and people in business, where she kills the businessman she was engaged to. He brings her to the location and sets it on fire after rolling the camera. She knocks him out, who falls unconscious after hitting a rock. Archana, Marina, and the producers come to the spot to save him. Archana shows him the film footage that was shot after revealing that Chandini is a good woman who wanted to bring Soorya back to normal by acting as a ruthless criminal who is destroying many actresses' lives like Archana. The footage shows a naked Chandini dying and revealing the truth. Chandini says that the businessman was a friend of few corrupt politicians who wanted to have sex with her. They killed her father and sexually assaulted her and her minor sister. The businessman blackmails Chandini with a tape that captured the brutal assault. As per their directions, she had to cheat Soorya. However, Chandini brings Soorya back to normal with the help of Archana and gives A a perfect ending. Soorya tries to save her by entering the house, but she dies, asking him to live long and make films that expose the demons that haunt society. ==Cast== ==Production== Upendra and three others B. G. Manjunath, B. Jagannath, and B. V. Ramakrishna, founded the film production company Uppi Entertainers in October 1996, with the equal partnership. After Kannada film distributors refused to purchase the distribution rights following the producers themselves not being confident of the film doing well, it was purchased by a newcomer by the name Yash Raj. This was Upendra's debut film as a lead actor. ==Release== The film was given an U (Universal) certification from CBFC. ===Box-office response=== A was made at 1.25 crore and collected more than 20 crore at the box office. The film ran for 25 weeks in Karnataka and its Telugu version ran for 100 days in Andhra Pradesh. ===Critical reception=== It was described by a reviewer as "loud and disjointed, like the ramblings of a delirious mind, but made a lot of sense".Kumar, S. Shiva (11 November 2005) Uppi's hardly uppity, The Hindu Its design received some praise.Bhushan Geechi to direct. Entertainment.oneindia.in. Retrieved on 18 August 2015. The dialogues provoked controversy, due to their misogynistic and philosological nature. They also contained autobiographical elements.Subramanya, K.V. (24 July 2006) Triggering off a controversy once again, The Hindu ===Influences=== In an interview given to the Times of India on 24 May 2020, Malayalam director Lijo Jose Pellissery who is famous for nonlinear storylines and aestheticization of violence picked this movie as one of the five Indian movies which have managed to influence him at different levels. ==Soundtrack== Gurukiran composed the music for the film and the soundtracks which marked his debut. The album has five soundtracks. The daughter-in-law of Kannada poet G.P. Rajarathnam alleged that a song by the late poet, "Helkollakondooru thalemyagondhsooru," for which she held the copyright, had been used by Upendra in the film without her consent. Deva, the music director of the Tamil version, retained two songs from this movie - "Idhu One Day" was retained as "Idhu One Day" and "Sum Sumne" was retained as "En Anbea". ==Awards== * Udaya Film Award for Best Male Actor – Upendra * Udaya Film Award for Best Music Director – Gurukiran * Karnataka State Film Award for Best Sound Recording – Murali Rayasam * Karnataka State Film Award for Best Editor – T. Shashikumar ==References== ==External links== * Category:Films set in Bangalore Category:1998 films Category:1990s Kannada- language films Category:1990s psychological thriller films Category:Films about filmmaking Category:Films scored by Gurukiran Category:Kannada films remade in other languages Category:Indian nonlinear narrative films Category:Films directed by Upendra Category:Indian psychological thriller films

{{Album ratings | MC = 62/100 | rev1 = Aftonbladet | rev1score = Aftonbladet review | rev2 = AllMusic | rev2score = [ AllMusic review] | rev3 = The Daily Telegraph | rev3score = link | rev4 = Evening Chronicle | rev4score = Evening Chronicle review | rev5 = Expressen | rev5score = Expressen | rev6 = The Independent | rev6score = The Independent review | rev7 = The Press | rev7score = The Press review | rev8 = Rolling Stone Germany | rev8score = link | rev9 = Svenska Dagbladet | rev9score = Svenska Dagbladet | rev10 = The Times | rev10score = The Times review }} A is the fifth English-language studio album by Swedish singer Agnetha Fältskog, a member of the group ABBA. It is her twelfth studio album overall. A is Fältskog's first album since 2004's My Colouring Book, an album of cover versions of her favourite songs from the 1960s, and the first original material she had recorded since I Stand Alone in 1987. It also includes her first self-penned track in nearly 30 years, "I Keep Them on the Floor Beside My Bed" . ==Album information== As Fältskog was not an active recording artist at the time, the album happened in a roundabout way. "The project came about through a good friend of mine", she explained. "She called me up and told me that Jörgen Elofsson and Peter Nordahl wanted to play me some music. They came to my house and played me three songs and I thought, 'Oh my God, I have to do this'. It felt like a challenge." Ten tracks were recorded for the album at Atlantis Studio (sv), Stockholm, all of which were written or co-written by Elofsson. Speaking with author Paul Stenning, Elofsson explained, "Agnetha is not just any artist, she is an icon with a rich heritage. We really felt the pressure of making something great, we didn't want to destroy anything for ABBA or Agnetha given the reputation they've built over the years. I'm really happy to say I think we pulled it off!" ===Song information=== The lead single from the album was "When You Really Loved Someone", which was released worldwide on 11 March 2013 as a digital download, with a CD single following on 15 April. A video clip for the song was filmed in late 2012, with Max Fowler and Camilla Rowling co-starring with Fältskog. In Germany and Austria the lead single was "The One Who Loves You Now", also released on 11 March 2013. The track "I Should've Followed You Home" is a duet recorded with Gary Barlow of the British group Take That. Both artists recorded their vocal parts separately, as Fältskog was on holiday at the time of Barlow's recording session. Nevertheless, Fältskog stated, "I think our voices work so well together." The song had its radio premiere on 21 April on a Dutch radio station.Home | Schiffers.fm | AVRO "I Was a Flower" is a string-attached piano ballad, produced and performed in a theatrical way. On 22 April, the song was made available for download only through Amazon. "I Keep Them on the Floor Beside My Bed" is the first track Fältskog has written herself that has been released since "I Won't Let You Go"—the lead single from her 1985 album Eyes of a Woman—and its B-side "You're There". Fältskog commented, "Jorgen kept saying 'You have to write a song for this record'. I hadn't written any music for a long, long time. But I sat at the piano and suddenly it was there. A friend of mine said a lovely thing: 'It's in your spine. Even if you feel tired, when it's time, it will be there'." Other tracks on the album include the contemplative "Bubble", the disco "Dance Your Pain Away", the pop "Back on Your Radio", and the piano-led "Past Forever". ==Promotion== ===Personal appearances=== Fältskog appeared on stage at G-A-Y in London on 4 May 2013 to promote the album. Although she did not perform, 10 fans had the chance to meet her backstage after the appearance. On 1 August 2013 she appeared on stage at Stockholm Gay Pride, where she was presented with her Gold record award for sales of the album in Sweden. In the same week of the announcement of her album release, Fältskog was a guest on the Norwegian-Swedish television talk show Skavlan. The show was filmed on 14 March 2013 and aired the next day.Skavlan.com - The SKAVLAN Talk show The Seven Network in Australia aired a special edition of the programme Sunday Night at 6:30pm on 5 May 2013 focusing on Fältskog and including new interview material shot in Sweden in late April. A television commercial for the album was shown as well. Due to popular demand, the programme showed other unaired portions of the interview on 12 May 2013. Fältskog filmed a documentary for the BBC in mid-April, titled Agnetha: Abba and After, which aired in the UK on 11 June.Agnetha has been filming an exclusive documentary for the BBC. - Agnetha Fältskog | Agnetha Fältskog Afterwards the album returned to the UK Top 40, w/e June 16, 2013, to its peak position of 6, and to a new high of number 9 on the UK Album Download Chart. This special was also aired on the Nine Network in Australia in prime time on 2 July 2013, sending the album back up to number 5 in Australia. Whilst in London in late April and early May, Fältskog was interviewed by Patricia Schäfer for the German television station ZDF. On 2 May, the interview was broadcast on several TV programs, most prominently the society report Leute Heute.Leute heute - ZDF.de ===Press and print media=== The May edition of UK gay publication Attitude magazine featured an extensive new interview with Fältskog. The German gay publication Exit also featured an interview in April. In the UK and Ireland The Big Issue featured Fältskog on the cover of their June edition along with an interview about her life. ===Internet and social media=== In order to promote the album and its singles, several social media web profiles for Fältskog were created, including pages on Facebook, Twitter and YouTube. ==Reception== BBC News called A a "tasteful and sumptuous" mid-tempo album; the disco song "Dance Your Pain Away" was noted as the only exception to the general tempo, its bassline reminiscent of ABBA's "Voulez-Vous". In a review of the album, The Times gave the album four out of five stars, calling A "a triumphant return to form by a woman presumed lost to music forever". Helen Brown awarded the album three out of five stars in a review in The Daily Telegraph, dubbing the album "as beautifully boring as ever".Helen Brown: Agnetha Fältskog, A, album review . The Telegraph, 2013-5-10 Other publications, such as the German newspaper Die Zeit, highlighted Fältskog's voice, saying it sounds young and fresh and "like a young Agnetha would sound today". The album received Gold certifications two months after its release in Australia (35,000 copies), the United Kingdom (100,000 copies), Germany (100,000 copies) and Sweden (20,000 copies). ==Track listing== Notes * Commentary for each track by Fältskog and producer Jörgen Elofsson was made available with the release of A on Spotify. ==Personnel== Credits adapted from the liner notes of A. * Agnetha Fältskog – lead vocals, backing vocals * Gary Barlow – vocals * Gustaf Berg – engineering assistance * Michael Dahlvid – engineering assistance * Andy Earl – photography * Jörgen Elofsson – backing vocals, production, recording, recording engineering, vocal arrangements, vocal conducting * Janne Hansson – recording engineering * Micke Herrström – recording engineering * Jesper Jacobson – guitar, keyboards * Janet Leon – backing vocals * Per Lindvall – drums * Max Lorentz – organ * Bob Ludwig – mastering * Myrra Malmberg – backing vocals * Lasse Nilsson – recording engineering * Peter Nordahl – orchestra arrangements, orchestra conducting, piano, production * Gunnar Nordén – bass, guitar * Jeanette Ohlsson – backing vocals * Jeanette Olsson – guitar * Simon Petrén – keyboards, programming * Matt Read – art direction * Niklas Sundén – accordion * Jess Sutcliffe – mixing * Fredrik Thomander – backing vocals, guitar keyboards, programming * Mattias Torell – guitar * Linda Ulvaeus – backing vocals * Pär Westerlund – keyboards, programming ==Charts== ===Weekly charts=== 2013 weekly chart performance for A Chart (2013) Peak position 2018 weekly chart performance for A Chart (2018) Peak position ===Year-end charts=== Year-end chart performance for A Chart (2013) Position Australian Albums (ARIA) 67 Belgian Albums (Ultratop Flanders) 156 Danish Albums (Hitlisten) 92 German Albums (Offizielle Top 100) 90 Swedish Albums (Sverigetopplistan) 12 UK Albums (OCC) 98 ==Certifications== ==Release history== Release history for A Region Date Label Australia 10 May 2013 Universal Germany France 13 May 2013 Sweden United Kingdom Polydor United States 14 May 2013 Verve Poland Universal Italy 21 May 2013 ==References== Category:2013 albums Category:Agnetha Fältskog albums Category:Polydor Records albums Category:Verve Records albums

A (stylized as 15px) is an extended play (EP) by Japanese recording artist Ayumi Hamasaki. It was released by Avex Trax in Japan and Hong Kong on August 11, 1999, in 10 different editions, and through Avex Entertainment Inc. worldwide in September 2008. It additionally served as a single from her second studio album Loveppears (1999), and is her first single marketed as an EP. The 12-track EP contains four new original songs: "Monochrome", "Too Late", "Trauma", and "End Roll", and eight remixes. All songs were written by Hamasaki, while production was handled by long-time collaborator Max Matsuura. Musically, like Loveppears, A is a pop rock album with dance music influences. Lyrically, the new songs are written from a third-person perspective, and deal with themes such as nostalgia, anxiety, and trauma. Upon release, A received favorable reviews from music critics for its individual tracks—some of which were highlighted as examples of Hamasaki's best work—and as a collection, with additional praise for the production quality of the EP versions of the original songs over that of their parent album counterparts. Some criticism was directed towards the number of remixes present on the EP. Commercially, the single peaked at number one in Japan, on the Oricon Singles Chart and TBS' Count Down TV chart. It became Hamasaki's second consecutive single to sell over one million copies domestically—it is also the singer's highest-selling single—and was certified Million by the Recording Industry Association of Japan (RIAJ) for shipments of one million units. Hamasaki did not film any music videos for the new songs, but appeared in several commercials broadcast in Japan that featured the new music. Each original song has subsequently been included on various greatest hits albums released by Hamasaki, including A Best (2001) and A Complete: All Singles (2008). ==Content and composition== A was Hamasaki's first extended play release, and was her first EP to be marketed as a single in Japan. The EP consists of four recordings: "Monochrome", "Too Late", "Trauma", and "End Roll", all written by Hamasaki herself and produced by Japanese musician and her long-time collaborator Max Matsuura. The three songs apart from "Monochrome" were composed by Japanese musician Dai Nagao, who used the alias D.A.I., whilst the latter track was composed by Japanese band HΛL. The tracks were arranged by Naoto Suzuki and Nagao, and eventually mixed by American engineer Dave Ford; the edited versions that appeared on Hamasaki's second studio album Loveppears (1999) were re-vised and mixed by Dave Way. Naoto played the keyboards and synthesizers in all four original tracks, whilst Jun Kajiwara, Naoki Hayashibe, both Hidetoshi Suzuki and Naoki Hayashibe, and Hayashibe played the electric guitar in "Trauma", "End Roll", "Too Late", and "Monochrome" respectively. Musically, A was described by staff members at AllMusic as a pop rock release. However, like a majority of the sounds throughout the parent album, the original tracks are also inspired by dance music. A staff member from Japanese magazine CD Journal commented that both "Trauma" and "Too Late" were dance tunes, whilst "Monochrome" was set at a medium tempo. Lyrically, the song was written in third person perspective, a trait that is shared with the rest of the album's tracks. The review at CD Journal noted that each track included different emotions and themes; Hamasaki talked about her anxiety in "Too Late", nostalgia in "Monochrome", and "transforming" trauma into positivity in "Trauma". ==Release== A was released by Avex Trax in Japan and Hong Kong on August 11, 1999, in 10 different editions, and through Avex Entertainment Inc. worldwide in September 2008. The EP included the four original recordings, plus four remixes, two bonus remix tracks through first press issues of the single, and an instrumental version for the original songs. To market each original track in Japan, Avex distributed four different editions of the single by changing the compact disc colors, these being blue, green, orange, and red.Each of the single's limited edition releases are noted below on the liner notes; * * * * For each color, the original recordings included on the track list is shifted down one and each variation were limited to 70,000 units. After the single sold over one million units in Japan, Avex Trax distributed a limited gold edition disc that was noted by the company through the liner notes as just a sticker. This edition was limited to 100,000 copies in Japan. However, after the first gold version sold over its limit, Avex published a second gold disc titled the Shining Gold CD to 150,000 copies in Japan. The disc was made of real gold, and the artwork of Hamasaki was tinted gold. Two promotional 12" vinyls were distributed in Japan by Rhythm Republic on October 16, 1999; the first vinyl featured a remix for both "Too Late" and "Monochrome", whilst the second vinyl included a remix for each original recording. The artwork was photographed by Toru Kumazawa, and features Hamasaki in a black dress in front of a black backdrop, holding onto a long piece of white string. The logo on the artwork was the first establishment of Hamasaki's logo/emblem, a staple she has used ever since. Although the original recordings were promoted together with the EP, each of them were distributed in Japan and worldwide as individual singles. "Monochrome" was remixed by American DJ Keith Litman, and released in North America in early 2001, whilst English electronic music group The Orb remixed the track and released it in the United Kingdom by Badorb.com on July 21, 2001; the latter release was limited to 486 vinyls. American duo Thunderpuss remixed the track "Trauma" and released it in North America through the offices of Avex USA in early 2001. "Too Late" was remixed by Soul Solution and was released in North America through Avex USA in mid-2001. ==Critical response== Upon its release, A received favorable reviews from music critics. In a review for Loveppears at CD Journal, a staff member selected "Trauma", "Too Late", "Monochrome", and another album track titled "And Then" as the best songs. In general, the review commended Hamasaki's songwriting and her vocal delivery. However, a separate review for the A at the same publication was mixed. The review complimented the original four recordings, but criticized the amount of remixes and felt the extra editions were not "convincing" for Hamasaki's fan base. In retrospect, AllMusic's Alexey Eremenko, whom contributed to writing Hamasaki's biography on the website, selected "End Roll", "Monochrome", and "Trauma" as an examples of her best work. In 2015, Japanese website Goo.ne.jp hosted a 24-hour only poll for audiences in Japan to vote for their favorite single released by Hamasaki. As a result, A ranked at number 12, with a rating of 32.1 average percent. ==Commercial performance== Commercially, the single was a success in Japan. It debuted at number one on the Oricon Singles Chart, selling 508,940 units in its first week of sales. A is the 78th single with the highest first week sales, a record that still holds as of July 2016. It stayed at number one of three non-consecutive weeks, and lasted 18 weeks on the top 200, one of Hamasaki's longest spanning singles on that chart. Likewise, it debuted at number one on the Count Down TV chart hosted by Tokyo Broadcasting System (TBS). It stayed atop of the charts for two weeks, and lasted 17 weeks in the top 100. By the end of 1999, it had sold over 1,630,540 units in Japan and ranked at number three on Oricon's Annual 1999 chart. It resulted as the highest selling EP–single by any artist at the time, and was the highest selling single by a female artist. Similarly, it ranked at number six on TBS' Annual Chart, the third highest selling single by a female artist (behind two entries by Japanese recording artist Hikaru Utada), alongside being the highest selling EP–single. In July 2000, the single was certified Million by the Recording Industry Association of Japan (RIAJ) for shipments of one million units; this was her second consecutive single to sell over one million units, the first being the previous single from Loveppears "Boys & Girls". As of July 2016, it is Hamasaki's highest selling physical single of her entire career on Oricon Style's data base, and is the 57th best selling single in Japan of all time; it is the ninth highest selling single by a female artist. ==Promotion and live performances== No music videos were shot for the tracks on A, her first major release to not feature any visuals. However, in Japan, Hamasaki appeared in commercial endorsement videos that promoted each original track from A. "Trauma" and "Monochrome" were used as the official theme songs for two commercials of JT Peach Water drinks, whilst "Too Late" was the theme song for Honda Giorno Crea, and Hal's remix of "End Roll" was featured in commercial for Morinaga. The videos for each commercial appeared on several DVD compilations released by Hamasaki: A Clips (2000), a self-titled DVD, A Complete Box Set (2004), and the digital release of A Clips Complete (2014). "Trauma" and "End Roll" were included on her greatest hits compilation album A Best (2001), whilst "Monochrome" was added onto A Complete: All Singles (2008), To promote the EP, each original recording were performed on Hamasaki's first part and second part of her 2000 concert tour in Japan. ==Track listing== *Original CD single # "Monochrome" – 4:29 # "Too Late" – 4:20 # "Trauma" – 4:18 # "End Roll" – 4:49 # "Monochrome" (Keith Litman's Big City Vocal Mix) – 9:35 # "Too Late" (Razor 'N Guido Remix) – 8:12 # "Trauma" (Heavy Shuffle Mix) – 6:10 # "End Roll" (Hal's Mix) – 4:16 # "Monochrome" (Instrumental) – 4:29 # "Too Late" (Instrumental) – 4:20 # "Trauma" (Instrumental) – 4:18 # "End Roll" (Instrumental) – 4:49 # "End Roll" (Neuro- mantic Mix) [Bonus track] – 5:08 # "Monochrome" (Dub's full Color Remix) [Bonus track] – 6:43 *12" vinyl (titled A NYC) # "Monochrome" (Keith Litman's Big City Vocal Mix) – 9:35 # "Too Late" (Razor 'N Guido Remix) – 8:12 *Digital download # "Monochrome" – 4:29 # "Too Late" – 4:20 # "Trauma" – 4:18 # "End Roll" – 4:49 # "Monochrome" (Keith Litman's Big City Vocal Mix) – 9:35 # "Too Late" (Razor 'N Guido Remix) – 8:12 # "Trauma" (Heavy Shuffle Mix) – 6:10 # "End Roll" (Hal's Mix) – 4:16 # "Monochrome" (Instrumental) – 4:29 # "Too Late" (Instrumental) – 4:20 # "Trauma" (Instrumental) – 4:18 # "End Roll" (Instrumental) – 4:49 # "End Roll" (Neuro-mantic Mix) [Bonus track] – 5:08 # "Monochrome" (Dub's full Color Remix) [Bonus track] – 6:43 *12" vinyl (titled A TYO) # "Monochrome" (Keith Litman's Big City Vocal Mix) – 9:35 # "Too Late" (Razor 'N Guido Remix) – 8:12 # "Trauma" (Heavy Shuffle Mix) – 6:10 # "End Roll" (Hal's Mix) – 4:16 ==Personnel== Credits adapted from the CD liner notes of A; ;Recording *Recorded at Prime Sound Studio, Studio Sound Dali, Onkio Haus, Tokyo, Japan in 1999. ;Credits *Ayumi Hamasaki – vocals, songwriting, background vocals *Max Matsuura – production *Dai Nagao – composing, programming, mastering *HΛL – composing, synthesizers, keyboards *Naoto Suzuki – sound producing *Jun Kajiwara – electric guitar *Naoki Hayashibe – electric guitar *Hidetoshi Suzuki – electric guitar *Dave Ford – mixing *Dave Way – mixing ==Charts== ===Weekly charts=== Chart (1999) Peak position Japan Weekly Chart (Oricon) 1 Japan Weekly Count Down TV Chart (TBS) 1 ===Yearly chart=== Chart (1999) Peak position Japan (Oricon) 3 Japan Count Down TV (TBS) 6 ==Certifications and sales== ==Release history== Region Date Format Label Japan August 11, 1999 CD single + colored editions Hong Kong CD single Avex Trax Japan October 16, 2000 12" vinyl (titled NYC) Rhythm Republic 12" vinyl (titled TYO) Digital download September 2008 Avex Entertainment Inc. Australia New Zealand United Kingdom Ireland Germany Spain France Italy Taiwan ==See also== *List of Oricon number- one singles of 1999 *Ayumi Hamasaki discography ==Notes== ==References== ==External links== *A at Ayumi Hamasaki's official website. *A at Oricon. Category:Ayumi Hamasaki EPs Category:1999 EPs Category:Oricon Weekly number- one singles

A is the debut studio album by Cass McCombs. It was released on May 20, 2003, via Monitor Records. ==Track listing== ==Personnel== *Cass McCombs (Composer, Primary Artist) *Chris Cohen (Guitar) *Anthony Lukens (Organ) *Matt Popieluch (Electric Piano) *Jason Quever (Drums, Engineering) *Luke Top (Bass) *Brian DeRan (Cover Art) *Dutch Germ (Artwork) *Trevor Shimizu (Artwork) *JJ Golding (Mastering) ==References== ==External links== *Cass McCombs (official site) Category:2003 debut albums Category:Cass McCombs albums

А (А а; italics: А а) is a letter of the Cyrillic script. It commonly represents an open central unrounded vowel , halfway between the pronunciation of in "cat" and "father". The Cyrillic letter А is romanized using the Latin letter A. ==History== The Cyrillic letter А was derived directly from the Greek letter Alpha (). In the Early Cyrillic alphabet its name was (azǔ), meaning "I". In the Cyrillic numeral system, the Cyrillic letter А has a value of 1. ==Form== Throughout history, the Cyrillic letter А has had various shapes, but today is standardised on one that looks exactly like the Latin letter A, including the italic and lower case forms. ==Usage== In most languages that use the Cyrillic alphabet – such as Bulgarian, Ukrainian, Belarusian, Russian, Rusyn, Serbian, Macedonian and Montenegrin – the Cyrillic letter А represents the open central unrounded vowel . In Ingush and Chechen the Cyrillic letter А represents both the open back unrounded vowel and the mid-central vowel . In Tuvan the letter can be written as a double vowel. ==Related letters and other similar characters== *A a : Latin letter A *Á á : Latin letter Á *Α α : Greek letter Alpha *Ă ă : Latin letter A with Breve *Â â : Latin letter A with Circumflex *Ā ā : Latin letter A with Macron *Æ æ : Latin letter Æ ==Computing codes== ==See also== *Cyrillic characters in Unicode ==References== ==External links== * * Category:Vowel letters

A [For 100 Cars] is a minimalist composition by Ryoji Ikeda. It was written in 2017 and performed on 15 October as part of a Red Bull Music Academy festival held in Los Angeles. The piece is written for an "orchestra" of 100 cars, which produce sound using sine wave synthesisers. Each synthesiser is tuned to a different pitch that has been associated with the note A throughout history. The synthesisers were created by Tatsuya Takahashi and Masimillian Rest. == Composition == Ryoji Ikeda is a Japanese audiovisual artist and composer. He composed A [For 100 Cars] for part of a Red Bull Music Academy (RBMA) festival held in Los Angeles. The idea behind A [For 100 Cars] springs from Ikeda's curiosity with the various frequencies associated to the note A. Throughout history, A been associated with many different frequencies, before being standardised to 440 Hz in 1975 by the International Organization for Standardization. The use of cars in the composition was conceptualised six months prior to its performance, during a conversation between Ikeda and the co-founder of the RBMA, Torsten Schmidt. While talking about cars, they considered making an "automobile orchestra". They decided to use synthesisers to create the sounds emitted by the cars. The synthesisers used for the performance at the festival were designed by Tatsuya Takahashi, the synthesiser designer who formerly worked as chief engineer at Korg. The project was the first design Takahashi had made since leaving Korg. Takahashi partnered with Masimillian Rest of E-RM, a Berlin-based musical instrument maker, to create the synthesisers over a period of around three months. Ikeda views the composition as a collaboration between himself and the car drivers. When asked by LA Weekly, he was reluctant to take credit for the piece, saying: == Music == thumb|A [For 100 Cars] is scored for a group of 100 cars. A [For 100 Cars] is performed by a group of 100 cars. This arrangement was called "the world's largest synth orchestra" by Mixmag and Vice. A full performance of the piece lasts for around 27–28 minutes. Each car has a synthesiser connected to its sound system which constantly outputs a sine wave drone at a frequency that has been associated with the note A at some point in history, from 1361 to 1936. The frequencies range from 376.3 – 506.9 Hz. Some frequencies chosen by Ikeda include: * 376.3 Hz – A used by the organ of l'Hospice Comtesse (dated ) in Lille * 419.6 Hz – A used by the organ of Seville Cathedral * 422.7 Hz – A used by the tuning fork of John Broadwood and Sons, London (17th century) * 427 Hz – A used by the Paris Grand Opera (1811) * 430 Hz – A used by the tuning fork of Henry Lemoine (1810) * 457.2 Hz – A used by the tuning fork of Steinway and Sons (1879) == Performance == thumb|The premiere of A [For 100 Cars] took place opposite the Walt Disney Concert Hall.As the piece is loud (reaching almost 160dB), a safety test was completed in Cologne before the performance in Los Angeles. To make sure that it was a safe experience for the driver, Ikeda personally took part in the test. In the performance, all drivers were given a pair of headphones. The performance of A [For 100 Cars] took place on 15 October 2017 at a multi- storey car park at 131 South Olive Street, Los Angeles. This location is opposite the Walt Disney Concert Hall. The 100 cars used for the performance were lined up in rows on top of the car park. The performance began at dusk at 6:17pm in front of an audience of around 1000 people. At the start of the performance, the drivers started their engines and created a grumbling sound by revving them: a sound some likened to an orchestra tuning. The performers were from Los Angeles and were chosen by Ikeda for their car's modified stereos; no performer was a professional musician. The car's designs were varied and included sedans, SUVs and Los Angeles' signature lowriders. Each performer was given a score to read which dictated when to play the synthesiser, as well as the volume and octave (from A1 to A8). To better emit the sounds created by Takahashi's synthesisers, some drivers opted to open their car's doors. The performers included some notable residents of the area such as the photographer Estevan Oriol, who was driving his Chevrolet Impala SS. == Reception == A [For 100 Cars] received a mixed reception from reporters and audiences. It was widely seen as unusual: Selim Bulut of Dazed commented that the sound produced was an "unusual but calming ambient tone". Writing in Vice, Emily Manning agreed, saying that "the A notes sounded a bit like what you might expect to hear when UFOs land, but more peaceful, almost like a field of humming June bugs". In the Los Angeles Times, Randall Roberts wrote that the performance "felt like a feat not only of bringing imagination to life, but of organization and community". Jon Caramanica wrote in The New York Times that A [For 100 Cars] "turned negative space in the center of downtown Los Angeles into a sublime womb [and] felt like a meditation". Mixmag put the performance on their list of the best performances from the festival, and praised the "depth of thinking and originality behind the piece [which] made it a breathtaking experience for those in attendance". Other listeners were not as impressed. In Autoweek, Mark Vaughn wrote that "most of it sounded, frankly, kind of bland" but conceded that "it was kind of cool to experience". == References == === Sources === * == External links == * YouTube video explaining the project Category:2017 compositions Category:Minimalistic compositions Category:Music of Los Angeles

A is a vowel of Indic abugidas. In modern Indic scripts, A is derived from the early "Ashoka" Brahmi letter 13px|ng after having gone through the Gupta letter 13px. Bare consonants without a modifying vowel sign have the "A" vowel inherently, and thus there is no modifier sign for "A" in Indic scripts. ==Āryabhaṭa numeration== Aryabhata used Devanagari letters for numbers, very similar to the Greek numerals, even after the invention of Indian numerals. The letter अ was not used in the Aryabhata number system, and consonants with the inherent "a" vowel retained their base value. ==Historic A== There are three different general early historic scripts - Brahmi and its variants, Kharoṣṭhī, and Tocharian, the so-called slanting Brahmi. A as found in standard Brahmi, 13px|A was a simple geometric shape, with variations toward more flowing forms by the Gupta 13px|A. Like all Brahmic scripts, the Tocharian A 18px|A is the inherent vowel for all consonant characters, apart from the alternate Fremdzeichen forms, which have the inherent vowel "Ä". In Kharoṣṭhī, the only independent vowel letter is for the inherent A, with all other independent vowels built from vowel marks added to A. ===Brahmi A=== The Brahmi letter 13px|A, A, is probably derived from the Aramaic Alef 13px, and is thus related to the modern Latin A and Greek Alpha. Several identifiable styles of writing the Brahmi A can be found, most associated with a specific set of inscriptions from an artifact or diverse records from an historic period.Evolutionary chart, Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal Vol 7, 1838 As the earliest and most geometric style of Brahmi, the letters found on the Edicts of Ashoka and other records from around that time are normally the reference form for Brahmi letters, with vowel marks not attested until later forms of Brahmi back-formed to match the geometric writing style. Brahmi A historic forms Ashoka (3rd-1st c. BCE) Girnar (~150 BCE) Kushana (~150-250 CE) Gujarat (~250 CE) Gupta (~350 CE) 37px 37px 37px 37px 37px ===Tocharian A=== The Tocharian letter 25px|A is derived from the Brahmi 13px|A. A is the inherent vowel of all non- Fremdzeichen consonants in Tocharian Ka Kha Ga Gha Ca Cha Ja Jha Nya Ṭa Ṭha Ḍa Ḍha Ṇa 37px 37px 37px 37px 37px 37px 37px 37px 37px 37px 37px 37px 37px 37px Ta Tha Da Dha Na Pa Pha Ba Bha Ma Ya Ra La Va 37px 37px 37px 37px 37px 37px 37px 37px 37px 37px 37px 37px 37px 37px Śa Ṣa Sa Ha 37px 37px 37px 37px ===Kharoṣṭhī A=== The Kharoṣṭhī letter A is the only independent vowel in Kharosthi. It is derived from the Aramaic Alef 13px, and is thus related to A and Alpha, as well as the Brahmi A. ==Devanagari A== 100px|thumb|right|Devanagari A vowel A (अ) is a vowel of the Devanagari abugida. It ultimately arose from the Brahmi letter 13px|A, after having gone through the Gupta letter 13px|A. Letters that derive from it are the Gujarati letter અ, and the Modi letter 𑘀. ===Devanagari Using Languages=== The Devanagari script is used to write the Hindi language, Sanskrit and the majority of Indo-Aryan languages. In most of these languages, अ is pronounced as . Like all Indic scripts, Devanagari vowels come in two forms: an independent vowel form for syllables that begin with a vowel sound. However, since /ə/ is the inherent vowel of all consonants, there is no need for an A vowel sign. ==Bengali A== 100px|thumb|right|Bengali A vowel A (অ) is a vowel of the Bengali abugida. It is derived from the Siddhaṃ letter 13px|A, and is marked by a similar horizontal head line, but less geometric shape, than its Devanagari counterpart, अ. ===Bengali Script Using Languages=== The Bengali script is used to write several languages of eastern India, notably the Bengali language and Assamese. In most languages, অ is pronounced as . Like all Indic scripts, Bengali vowels come in two forms: an independent vowel form for syllables that begin with a vowel sound. However, Bengali A represents the /ɔ/ vowel inherent in all consonants, and is thus indicated by the lack of any modifying vowel sign. ==Gujarati A== thumb|right|100px|Guajarati independent A vowel. A (અ) is a vowel of the Gujarati abugida. It is derived from the Devanagari A 13px|a, and ultimately the Brahmi letter 13px|a. ===Gujarati- using Languages=== The Gujarati script is used to write the Gujarati and Kutchi languages. In both languages, અ is pronounced as . Like all Indic scripts, Gujarati vowels come in two forms: an independent vowel form for syllables that begin with a vowel sound. However, since A is the inherent vowel in unmarked consonants, there is no A vowel sign in Gujarati. ==Javanese A== ==Telugu A== thumb|100px|Telugu independent vowel A A (అ) is a vowel of the Telugu abugida. It ultimately arose from the Brahmi letter 13px|A. It is closely related to the Kannada letter ಅ. Like in other Indic scripts, "A" in Telugu is inherent in all consonants, and there is no vowel sign for the "A" vowel. ==Malayalam A== thumb|left|100px|Malayalam independent vowel A A (അ) is a vowel of the Malayalam abugida. It ultimately arose from the Brahmi letter 13px|A, via the Grantha letter x15px|A a. Like in other Indic scripts, "A" is the inherent vowel of Malayalam consonants, so there is no modifying vowel sign for A. As in most Indic scripts, independent Malayalam vowels do not decompose into A with a vowel sign attached, but rather are unique characters themselves. Independent vowel letters in Malayalam are used when a word begins with a vowel, rather than a consonant sound. ==Odia A== thumb|100px|Odia A vowel A (ଅ) is a vowel of the Odia abugida. It ultimately arose from the Brahmi letter 13px|A, via the Siddhaṃ letter x15px|A a. Like in other Indic scripts, Odia consonants inherently contain the "a" vowel, so there is no modifying sign for indicating that vowel. == Thai script == O ang (อ) and Ho nokhuk (ฮ) are the forty-third and forty-fourth letters of the Thai script. Unlike many Indic scripts, Thai consonants do not form conjunct ligatures, and use the pinthu—an explicit virama with a dot shape—to indicate bare consonants. === O ang === In IPA, O ang is pronounced as [ʔ] at the beginning of a syllable and not be used to close a syllable. It falls under the middle class of Thai consonants. In the acrophony of the Thai script, ang (อ่าง) means 'basin'. O ang corresponds to the Sanskrit character 'अ'. === Ho nokhuk === In IPA, Ho nokhuk is pronounced as [h] at the beginning of a syllable and not be used to close a syllable. It falls under the low class of Thai consonants. In the acrophony of the Thai script, nokhuk (นกฮูก) means 'owl'. ==Kaithi A== A (𑂃) is a vowel of the Kaithi abugida. It ultimately arose from the Brahmi letter 13px|, via the Siddhaṃ letter x15px| A. Like in other Indic scripts, the Kaithi vowel A is an independent letter and lacks a vowel sign, as "a" is inherent to the consonant letters. ==Comparison of A== The various Indic scripts are generally related to each other through adaptation and borrowing, and as such the glyphs for cognate letters, including A, are related as well. ==Character encodings of A== Most Indic scripts are encoded in the Unicode Standard, and as such the letter A in those scripts can be represented in plain text with unique codepoint. A from several modern-use scripts can also be found in legacy encodings, such as ISCII. ==References== Category:Indic letters

A is the 13th studio album by British rock band Jethro Tull. It was released on 29 August 1980 in the UK and 1 September of the same year in the United States. The album was initially written and recorded with the intention of being frontman Ian Anderson's debut solo album (hence the album's title: the master tapes were marked "A" for Anderson during recording), however the album was eventually released as a Jethro Tull album after pressure from Chrysalis Records. Anderson has since stated that he regrets allowing the album to be released under the Jethro Tull name. Musically, the album was a departure from prior Tull works, adopting more of an electronic rock sound with heavy use of synthesizers, although still retaining the band's trademark folk influence and Anderson's flute playing. Lyrically, the album saw a similar departure from the fantasy and folklore themes of previous Tull work, instead emphasizing contemporary matters such as the Cold War. The album was the first Tull album released following a large lineup change which saw drummer Barrie "Barriemore" Barlow and keyboardists John Evan and Dee Palmer departing the band in 1980 while bassist John Glascock had died from heart complications the previous year. The album instead features Glascock's touring replacement Dave Pegg on bass in his first recorded appearance with the band, Mark Craney on drums and Eddie Jobson on keyboards (with Jobson credited as a "special guest") and electric violin. == Overview == A was recorded as an intended Ian Anderson solo album before Tull's record label, Chrysalis, asked that it become credited to the group. This is the reason for the album's title, as the tapes were marked "A" for "Anderson". It is noted for its more synthesiser-based sound, a fact which created controversy among many of the band's fans. On the other hand, it features a folk-influenced piece, "The Pine Marten's Jig". A features a dramatically different line-up of Tull from the band's previous album, Stormwatch (1979). Former keyboardist John Evan and organist Dee Palmer were fired from the group, while drummer Barriemore Barlow left the band due to depression over the death of John Glascock as well as plans to start his own band. The only members of Tull to appear on both Stormwatch (1979) and A (1980) are Ian Anderson and Martin Barre. This is also bassist Dave Pegg's first appearance on a Tull studio recording, but he had become a member of the band during the Stormwatch tour in 1979, replacing the deceased Glascock. Conflicting reasons have been given for the line-up change. Anderson has stated that he wanted to take the band in a different direction from the folk rock and progressive rock of the 1970s.A New Day Yesterday: The 25th Anniversary Collection, 1969–1994 Barriemore Barlow was unhappy with the direction the band was taking and later stated that he would have left anyway. However, biographer David Rees reports in his book Minstrels in the Gallery: A History of Jethro Tull (2001) that Anderson had never intended to replace Jethro Tull's previous line-up with the musicians who recorded A, but was forced by Chrysalis Records, which had decided to release his 'solo' album under the name Jethro Tull. This claim was further evidenced by Anderson's note in the 2003 re-release of the album. A 40th anniversary box set was released in April 2021, featuring the album remixed by Steven Wilson. It includes some bonus tracks, a DVD of Slipstream, and audio of a concert in Los Angeles. == Track listing == *The 2004 remastered two-disc edition includes Slipstream as a bonus DVD. === 2021 40th Anniversary A La Mode Edition === == Personnel == Jethro Tull * Ian Anderson – vocals, flute * Martin Barre – guitar * Dave Pegg – bass guitar, mandolin * Mark Craney – drums Additional personnel * Eddie Jobson – keyboards, synthesizer, electric violin on The Pine Marten's Jig technical staff * Robin Black – sound engineer * John Shaw – photography * Peter Wagg – art direction ==Charts== 1980 chart performance for A Chart (1980) Peak position Australian Albums (Kent Music Report) 47 2021 chart performance for A Chart (2021) Peak position == References == == External links == * * (Bonus DVD) Category:Jethro Tull (band) albums Category:1980 albums Category:Chrysalis Records albums Category:Island Records albums Category:Albums produced by Ian Anderson

A is an album by guitarist Jimmy Raney recorded at three separate sessions between 1954 and 1955 and released on the Prestige label.Prestige Records discography accessed January 30, 2013 ==Reception== Ken Dryden of Allmusic reviewed the album, stating "This CD contains some of Jimmy Raney's finest work as a leader and is highly recommended".Dryden, K. Allmusic Review, January 30, 2013 == Track listing == All compositions by Jimmy Raney, except where noted. # "Minor" – 4:31 # "Some Other Spring" (Arthur Herzog, Jr., Irene Kitchings) – 5:01 # "Double Image" – 4:28 # "On the Square" – 4:27 # "Spring Is Here" (Lorenz Hart, Richard Rodgers) – 2:53 # "One More for the Mode" – 3:49 # "What's New?" (Johnny Burke, Bob Haggart) – 2:42 # "Tomorrow Fairly Cloudy" – 3:28 # "A Foggy Day" (George Gershwin, Ira Gershwin) – 4:07 # "Someone to Watch over Me" (Gershwin, Gershwin) – 3:12 # "Cross Your Heart" (Buddy DeSylva, Lewis Gensler Jimmy Raney) – 3:53 # "You Don't Know What Love Is" (Gene de Paul, Don Raye) – 3:39 Note *Tracks 5-12 were initially released on a Prestige 10" LP titled Jimmy Raney 1955 (PRLP199.) == Personnel == *Jimmy Raney – guitar *John Wilson – trumpet (tracks 5-12) *Hall Overton – piano *Teddy Kotick – bass *Art Mardigan (tracks 1-4), Nick Stabulas (tracks 5-12) – drums ===Production=== *Bob Weinstock – supervisor *Rudy Van Gelder – engineer == References == Category:Jimmy Raney albums Category:1957 albums Category:Prestige Records albums Category:Albums produced by Bob Weinstock Category:Albums recorded at Van Gelder Studio Category:Albums recorded in a home studio

A refers to several streetcar routes in Los Angeles, California. The lines were operated by the Los Angeles Railway and its successor, Los Angeles Transit Lines, from 1920 to 1946. ==History== ;1920–1932 Los Angeles Railway rerouted many lines on May 9, 1920, assigning them letter designations the following year. The A line ran along Adams; Normandie Avenue; 24th; Hoover; Burlington; 16th; Hill; 1st; Spring; North Main; Sunset; North Broadway; Lincoln Park Avenue; looping back via Nort Main to Plaza; thence to west terminal over above route. In 1924, the lines was split in two and was given numeric designations. The 2 West Adams and North Main Street Line operated on those streets as well as a portion of the former C Griffith and Griffin Avenue Line. The 3 West Adams and Lincoln Park Line also ran on Main Street. In 1926, the A-2 was rerouted to Griffin Park. The two routes were recombined in 1930 as a single A line. ;1932–1939 A new A line started service on June 12, 1932. It was formed by the Adams Avenue segment of the former service and the Angeleno Heights segment of the G Griffith and Angeleno Heights Line. A branch at Edgeware Road opened in 1934, and the main service was rerouted on this line starting in 1938. ;1939–46 The final and longest lived routing of the A began service on September 25, 1939. It was predominantly formed from the old A line as well as Temple Street taken from the L West 11th and West Temple Street Line. Tracks on Fountain were removed from service in 1942, and the line ceased to operate on June 30, 1946. ==Sources== ==External links== * A Line Archives — Pacific Electric Railway Historical Society * Category:Los Angeles Railway routes Category:Railway services introduced in 1895 Category:1895 establishments in California Category:Railway services discontinued in 1946 Category:1946 disestablishments in California

A is a letter of related and vertically oriented alphabets used to write Mongolic and Tungusic languages. == Mongolian language == Letter Transliteration — Alone upright=0.12 Initial Medial Connected final — Separated final Ligatures Transliteration Alone Initial Medial Final Separated suffixes Transliteration Initial Whole * Transcribes Chakhar ; Khalkha , , and . Transliterated into Cyrillic with the letter . * Medial and final forms may be distinguished from those of other tooth-shaped letters through: vowel harmony (), the shape of adjacent consonants ( and ), and position in syllable sequence (, , , , ). * The final tail extends to the left after bow-shaped consonants (such as , and ), and to the right in all other cases. * = medial form used after the junction in a proper name compound. * = connected galik final. * Derived from Old Uyghur aleph (), written twice for isolate and initial forms. * Produced with using the Windows Mongolian keyboard layout. * In the Mongolian Unicode block, comes before . == Notes == == References == Category:Articles containing Mongolian script text Category:Mongolic letters Category:Mongolic languages Category:Tungusic languages

"A" is a fictional character in the Pretty Little Liars franchise. Created by author Sara Shepard in 2006, the character serves as the main antagonist in both the television and book series. "A" has also appeared in the web series Pretty Dirty Secrets (2012). Working as an anonymous figure, “A” is a stalker who blackmails, manipulates and tortures the main characters of the franchise. In the novel series, the first and original "A" was revealed to be Mona Vanderwaal. The second, and final, "A" is revealed as Alison Dilaurentis and her helper as Nick Maxwell. In the television series, the first and original “A” was revealed to be Mona Vanderwaal. Mona later builds “The A-Team” with the help of the second “Big A,” Charlotte DiLaurentis. The series concluded with the third and final “Uber A” being revealed as Alex Drake, the twin sister of Spencer Hastings. In the fourth Pretty Little Liars series, Original Sin, Archie Waters takes the identity of "A", working together with his father, Marshall Clanton. == Development == === Characterization === In the original television series, all three characters who take up the identity of "A" are mentally ill women seeking revenge for something that has negatively altered their lives. “A” frequently manipulates, blackmails, and tortures. “A” has a love for riddles and dolls, usually referring to the Liars as their own living dolls. In Original Sin and the novels, "A" kills multiple people in order to achieve their goals. == Novels storylines == === The first "A" === * Real identity: Mona Vanderwaal. Three years after the disappearance of Alison DiLaurentis, her four friends, Aria Montgomery, Spencer Hastings, Emily Fields, and Hanna Marin each receive messages from someone calling themselves "A". The girls had drifted apart over the years, so they had no idea that other people were getting texts as well. Additionally, the texts were about secrets only Alison knew about. At first, the messages were simply teasing and all of the girls wonder if their missing friend was the one who sent them. Though they knew she was most likely dead, she was still the only one who knew their darkest secrets. Once Alison's body is discovered in her old backyard, the girls are even more baffled when they continue to receive threats. At Alison's funeral, the girls are reunited and they find out that they've all been receiving weird messages. As the girls stand outside after the funeral ends, they all get a text saying, "I'm still here, bitches. And I know everything. –A". From that point on, the messages take on a distinctly more threatening tone. Aria is given an ultimatum to tell her mother about her father's affair by midnight after the Foxy event, or A will do it for her. A continues to play life-altering games with the girls, from encouraging suspicion of Spencer's involvement in Alison's death to outing Emily's sexuality to her conservative mother. However, A makes a serious mistake in texting Hanna on the night of Mona's birthday party. Instead of using the plain Blackberry she bought just for tormenting the girls, A accidentally uses his/her own phone. Hanna, who has a new phone without all of her contacts recognizes the number, compelling A to act before Hanna can reveal A's true identity to the others. A hits Hanna with an SUV, successfully destroying Hanna's phone and putting her into a coma that eventually leads to a temporary loss of memory. A knew that there was a very good chance Hanna would regain her memory. Hanna's best friend, Mona Vanderwaal, informs the girls that she has also received texts from A, drawing the five closer together in trying to figure out who their tormentor is. Mona subtly encourages Spencer's fears that her sister, Melissa, might be A as well as Alison's killer. During Hanna's recovery masquerade celebration, she suddenly regains her memory, revealing that Mona is A. However, she, Emily, and Aria can't do much about it, because Spencer and Mona are on their way to the police station. After Spencer is warned about Mona by text, she tries to escape Mona's car, but Mona catches on rather quickly and diverts to a path in a more remote area of Rosewood. She tells Spencer everything, from seeing Alison launch a firework into Toby Cavanaugh's garage that blinded her friend Jenna, to finding Alison's diary of secrets among a pile of old DiLaurentis junk the St. Germains left at the curb, discovering the girls' secrets that only Alison knew. Her motivation was to get revenge for her friend's blindness, even though Jenna and Alison had planned together to launch the firework. Mona didn't know this and got a scar on her stomach from the ordeal. Mona also drops the bombshell that Ian Thomas killed Alison, due to Alison's last diary entry about giving him an ultimatum to break up with Melissa. She then offers Spencer to become A with her and tells Hanna that she must not be remembering correctly, but she refuses. The two fight at Floating Man's Quarry and Spencer accidentally pushes Mona, who falls and has her neck caught between rocks. === The second "A" === *Real Identity Alison DiLaurentis. Alison DiLaurentis lived a life that she felt was ruined by her twin sister, Courtney DiLaurentis who was smarter and kinder. Alison began emotionally manipulating Courtney into pretending to be Alison until she eventually tricked Courtney into pretending to strangle her. Courtney is sent to a mental hospital as a result and the ashamed DiLaurentis' erase all trace of her, Alison becomes Queen Bee at her new school. Courtney is allowed a short trip home to meet with her family, but whilst there sees Spencer, Hannah, Aria and Emily arguing outside and goes out to talk to them. Because of this, her parents believe she is Alison, the real Alison insists she's Alison, but because of her manipulating Courtney into pretending to be her, they think she is lying. A vengeful Alison is taken away to the Mental Hospital. The girls began receiving messages from 'A' again, scaring them greatly. First believing it to be a cruel joke, they then discover Ian Thomas's body which the second 'A' had murdered. 'A' then steals Ian's body convincing everyone else that it was a hoax. 'A' mocks the girls over text and pretends to be Ian on an online account, giving the girls information such as Spencer being the product of an affair between her father and Alison's father. 'A' allows Spencer to be scammed out of $2000, taunts Aria with photos, manipulates Hanna so she is sent to a mental hospital and forces Emily to go to Lancaster to look into Wilden. 'A' sends the girls on many searches to try and find who 'A' could be and murders Jenna. They eventually plant all the evidence of a random person. The girls are fooled by this, happy it is over. The town is introduced to Courtney DiLaurentis who is Alison's ill twin sister who was kept in many clinics and hidden from the world. Courtney reveals herself to the girls as actually being Alison and that Courtney was pretending to be her and that she was the one who ran into the random person and died. Aria is suspicious, along with Wilden and Melissa. Melissa knew about the twins for a while because Jason and Alison's stories didn't match up with what Jason told her. The suspected murderer has an alibi and people begin digging up suspicious things about Alison. Alison kidnaps Melissa and traps her in a cupboard next to Ian's dead body. At Alison's house, all of the girls get drunk and re-enact the day Alison went missing, they wake up to find a letter revealing that Courtney took Alison's place when they were young and the person the girls were friends with was actually Courtney whilst Alison was sent to a mental hospital in her place. When she came back, Alison killed Courtney. Alison sets the house on fire with the girls in it, but they manage to turn the tables on her and escape with Melissa. The girls hope she was killed in the explosion, but Emily left the door open for her. After the third 'A', Nick, has been arrested in her escape, Alison escapes to a house even Nick had no clue about and uses all of Nick's money for plastic surgery. Then, under a new alias, she begins tormenting the girls again. An obsessed fan group starts harassing the girls and she hires one, named Greg, to infiltrate the Liars. He starts dating Spencer in hopes to do this, which works. She also pretends to be a famous artist's secretary to ruin Aria's potential career. She attempts to drown Emily in a pool for rejecting her and then murders her girlfriend Jordan which drives Emily to depression. Alison then frames the girls for her torture and murder by covering a house they broke into with her blood and weapons, and the girls are arrested. Alison is able to avoid the girls as they attempt to find her before they are inevitably imprisoned. Alison is elated to discover she has driven Emily to drown herself and made Aria flee the country. Little did she know, Emily faked her death and managed to track Alison to her mother's house where she was hiding out. Alison confronts Emily with a gun and the two fight, with Emily holding off Alison long enough for the police to arrive. Alison is then arrested and the girls are exonerated. === The third "A" === *Real Identity Nick Maxwell. A third "A" begins tormenting the girls. Emily hopes it's Alison, and the rest of the girls hope it's not, though it is likely she survived the explosion regardless. The new "A" torments them about the Jamaica incident, Spencer's framing of Kelsey, Hanna's framing of Madison, and Emily's baby. "A" reveals that they killed Tabitha, which means they have killed four people total - the other three being Gayle, Kyla, and Graham - and have injured many more, which makes this "A" the most violent yet. The girls suspect this "A" isn't just Alison, as she would not be strong enough to kill and hurt so many people by herself and begin to consider she has an accomplice. The girls are lured to a basement where Alison reveals that she is alive and that the third "A" is not her, but Nick Maxwell. Nick was Courtney's older boyfriend who met the real Alison at their shared mental clinic and has introduced himself to the girls as different people throughout their lives. Phineas, who sold Spencer drugs and got her addicted to them, eventually causing her to frame Kelsey for drugs; Jackson, a bartender who refused to help Hanna, causing her to get into a car crash with Madison; Olaf, Aria's Icelandic friend who stole a painting with her; Derrick, Emily's colleague who she would regularly gossip to. Nick and Alison have put a shrine to Alison in the basement and are going to make it seem as if the girls have killed themselves in honor of Alison. They leave and flood the basement with poisonous gas, but Nick is found and arrested by the police and the girls are saved. Alison escapes and abandons Nick to prison. Nick is later visited in prison by the girls and tells them Alison may be at his grandma's house or something connecting to her may be there. == Television storylines == === Pretty Little Liars === ==== Original "A" ==== Original A was the first "A" and was revealed to be Mona Vanderwaal. Mona began torturing Alison by sending her gifts, threats and soon attacking her while wearing a zombie costume. "A" continued to mess with Ali and her mother Jessica DiLaurentis, whom she believed it to be Spencer Hastings. After Alison's disappearance, "A" went away for a year but after the corpse of Bethany Young (believed to be Alison at the time) was found, she reemerged. "A" began sending the Liars messages about things only Alison knew about them and soon even began messing with their parents. Doctor Anne Sullivan had previously dealt with the person behind the hoodie and when "A" trashed her office she immediately recognized the person. She almost exposes her identity to the Liars but "A" kidnaps her and went as far as to threaten her son's life. But the Liars are still close to figuring it out and during the second half of season two they manage to get a hold of "A's" phone. They hatch a plan to catch her with this and it works. They find out that "A" had a lair at the Lost woods resort and Spencer and Mona ("A's" newest victim) head over there and find a room full of pictures of Alison and the girls along with a sketch of "A's" costume to the ball, The Black Swan. However, Spencer begins to notice other clues and soon realizes "A" is right there with her. She turns around to see Mona in a black hoodie, who reveals herself as "A". She kidnaps Spencer and gives her an opportunity to join the "A" team but Spencer declines and the two get into a fight, where Mona is pushed off of a cliff. Though Mona survives, she is sent to Radley Sanitarium for medical assistance. While in the psychiatric hospital, Mona takes up a partnership suggested by the then unknown CeCe Drake that starts off the second game. After this, Mona became another henchman in the "A" hierarchy, obeying the orders of CeCe, whom she knew as Red Coat. Mona was kicked off of the A-Team in the season three finale. However, Mona joins the new "A.D." team in Season 7, after "A.D." sends Wren to kill her and she offers to help instead. She helps them kidnap Spencer and wears a Melissa mask, but ultimately turns on them and brings the Liars to them, as well as a cop. However, this turns out to be a ruse and the "cop" is actually Mona's French boyfriend, who helps her take Mary and Alex (the two remaining members) to France to live in her own personal Dollhouse. Mona is the final "A" of the series, being the "winner" of the game... ==== Big "A" ==== Big A was the person who took over the "A" game from Mona Vanderwaal after she was admitted to Radley Sanitarium and revealed to be CeCe Drake (A.K.A. Charlotte DiLaurentis or Charles Dilaurentis). She had visited Mona in Radley and used her to get information about the Liars before taking over the game herself and had used the A-Team, which consisted of her ally Sara, Jenna, Noel, Wren, Wilden, Mona, Toby, Lucas, Melissa, and Spencer, to do her dirty work and sometimes went under the Red Coat disguise. Big A often hid out at a lair situated in Room A at an apartment building at Mayflower Hill and a mobile RV which was stolen but Toby gave it back to "A" in exchange for information about his mother's death. It is revealed that Charlotte had been hiding out in the basement of the DiLaurentis house and drilled holes through the floor to spy on the family in her Red Coat disguise and shared the identity with Alison. Her disguise as Red Coat was exposed in the fourth season mid finale when Emily was trapped on a saw at Ravenswood and later got into a fight with Aria who discovered her identity and Charlotte later fell off a platform and escaped. In A' Is for Answers", the Liars are under attack by "A" who shoots Ezra Fitz on the rooftop. However, in the fifth-season premiere, the shooter is revealed to be Shana Fring who attempted to kill Alison but was later shoved off a stage by Aria and died from the impact. After all of this, Charlotte fled to France under the Vivian Darkbloom identity to escape custody for Wilden's death but returned. In the series' 100th episode, Charlotte planted a bomb in the Cavanaugh house which detonated, signaling her triumphant return to Rosewood. In season five, CeCe breaks into the Vanderwaal home and kidnaps Mona just as she is about to tell the Liars that Alison is "A" and covers up her kidnapping as a homicide. She then brings Mona to the Dollhouse and tortures her and forces her to dress up and act like Alison. Just as the Liars are being brought to jail, CeCe kidnaps them and tortures them inside the Dollhouse. Inside, the liars discover that Big "A" is named Charlotte DiLaurentis. CeCe/Charlotte reveals herself as "A" and tells her story; saying that she is transgender, was formerly known as Charles DiLaurentis, and became "A" because the Liars were happy that Alison was gone. She worked with Sara Harvey, who was the Black Widow and a decoy Red Coat, and was also responsible for the "death" of Alison and the death of Wilden, and after telling her story, she attempts suicide by jumping off Radley but is stopped. She is admitted to Welby State and her reign as "A" finally ends and stays in the psychiatric hospital for five years. When she is released, Charlotte is murdered by Mona Vanderwaal and her death causes the birth of "A.D.", the new Uber A. After her death, it is revealed that Noel Kahn and Jenna Marshall were also working for Charlotte. It is also revealed that her birth mother is Jessica's twin, Mary Drake, and her birth father is Ted Wilson, while Spencer is her sister. The series finale reveals that "A.D." is her sister and Spencer's twin, Alex Drake, whom Charlotte met after boarding the plane to France. She and Alex become very close after meeting, until Charlotte returned to Rosewood to play the game some more. Alex reveals that Charlotte never returned to her in London and the next time she saw her was when she visited her grave. ====Uber "A"==== Uber A, also known as A.D., is the third person to take over the identity of "A". In the show's series finale, Uber A's identity is revealed to be Alex Drake, Spencer's twin sister who was put up for adoption at birth. She desperately craves vengeance over the tragic passing of Charlotte DiLaurentis, who was her half-sister, and is trying to seek out the person responsible. Unlike Mona or Charlotte, Alex does not use any nicknames at first but instead signs their messages with emojis, which differentiates her from the A-Team. This causes Caleb to nickname her Amoji. However, in the sixth-season finale, she begins using the alias "A.D." and kidnaps Hanna, whom she believes is accountable for her sister's homicide. Hanna manages to escape Uber A's clutches and Alex goes after Alison, who the Liars suggested as guilty for her own cousin's murder. Uber A eventually finds out that Alison is innocent after searching her jacket. While Uber A does work on their own, she also works through a new "A-Team" of helpers, known to consist of Jenna Marshall, Sydney Driscoll, and Aria Montgomery, who are assisting them in completing the endgame. The series finale explains that Alex Drake was put up for adoption in exchange for a sum of money (for Mary), but then left at an orphanage by her adopted parents who were concerned for their image. She ran away from the orphanage at ten years old and eventually started working in a bar in London, where Wren Kingston mistook her for Spencer, revealing the existence of Alex's twin and Charlotte. Wren introduces Charlotte and Alex in an airport (just after Charlotte met Archer Dunhill) and they immediately connect, becoming very close in a short amount of time. After Charlotte is released from Welby, she tells Alex that she wishes to return to Rosewood and resume the game, but Alex says she shouldn't go unless she gets to come too, since she wants to meet Spencer. Charlotte says no and describes the Hastings as "toxic people" before leaving for Rosewood, where she was murdered by Mona. Alex is enraged and forces Wren to shoot her so that she looks exactly like Spencer and can successfully impersonate her. She then goes to Rosewood and picks up the game as "Uber A". Alex has made several appearances where she impersonates Spencer, including, but not limited to: The run in with Ezra at the airport where she introduced Wren, the kiss between "Spencer" and Toby just before the latter planned to leave Rosewood with Yvonne, and Hanna's "dream" where she "hallucinated" Spencer while A.D held her hostage. The latter was done so that Alex could find out whether Hanna was telling the truth about killing Charlotte. === Original Sin === In Original Sin, A is revealed to be Archie Waters. Archie is the illegitimate son of Rose Waters and Marshall Clanton, whose clandestine affair during high school resulted in Rose's pregnancy with Archie and his twin sister, Angela. Rose never let Archie out of the house and keep his existence a secret because he has a disfigured face. Later, Clanton became the vice-principal of Millwood High School and Rose returned so Angela can attend the school and have proper education. He and Rose decided to not tell Angela his identity as her father. In high school, Angela desperately wanted to fit in and joined Davie Adams's popular group. The group often did their best to embarrass, humiliate, and degrade Angela. When Angela was raped by Davie's boyfriend, Tom Beasley, Davie forced the group to turn their backs on her. Davie made sure everyone in the school treated her as invisible and worthless. During a New Year's Eve party in 1999, Angela committed suicide in public after her pleas for help was ignored by everyone. 22 years later, Archie take the identity of "A" to help his father avenge Angela and begins killing people who are considered bullies. ==The A-Team == The A-Team is a group of anonymous characters that worked together as "A". The team would work under the orders of the "A" in charge, who has been Mona Vanderwaal, the original leader and founder, CeCe Drake, the second leader, and Alex Drake, the final leader. Alex's team is also referred to as the "A.D.-Team". === Members === ==== Sara Harvey ==== Sara was the right-hand woman to Charlotte and also revealed as an A-Team member halfway throughout the sixth season. She has also been a Red Coat and was revealed as the Black Widow. She then became Charlotte's friend and ally in the "A" game and assisted her in most of her schemes. Sara was allegedly diagnosed with Stockholm syndrome following Charlotte's arrest but later discloses to Alison that she lied under oath, also admitting that she and Charlotte were, in fact, close friends and she felt as though they were sisters. Later, Sara was possibly enlisted by Jenna Marshall and Noel Kahn (and possibly "A.D.") to work with them. However, Sara was killed by Noel after she tried to reveal more than she should to Emily._ ==== Sydney Driscoll ==== Sydney was Uber A's helper for a brief period of time. She is first seen communicating with them through text messages when she makes a donation under their name at the Vogel Vision Institute. When Aria and Emily confront her, Driscoll claims that she is simply representing a client who prefers to remain anonymous. However, she returns in the following episode and reveals herself to be "A.D.". She offers Aria the chance to join their team, but Aria realizes that Sydney is communicating with someone through an earpiece, revealing that she's just a minion. Aria asks her why she would join their tormentor and Driscoll replies that she wants to be part of the "winning team". However, Uber A, who reveals herself as Spencer's twin sister Alex Drake, reveals in the series finale that Sydney wasn't involved in the Blind School shooting and joined the A-Team because Alex found out she had been stealing from a bank and she fit the hoodie. ==== Toby Cavanaugh ==== Toby was recruited by Mona to join the A-Team when he got a job in Bucks County. When this happened, Spencer found out on the night she was planning their anniversary dinner. His participation in the team was revealed in the finale of Season 3A. He worked hand in hand with Mona and did most of the dirty work for the team, like running down Lucas and attacking Hanna. However, like Mona, he didn't know the identity of Red Coat. Spencer finds out about his betrayal and goes off the deep end, especially after discovering his corpse. However, it is revealed that he is alive and well, with the corpse being a trick by Mona and Red Coat that he says he didn't know about until after. He is also revealed to be a double agent and gets kicked off the team. ==== Spencer Hastings ==== Spencer joined the A-Team briefly near the ending of the third season after being told Toby joined previously she thought this was a way to keep close to him. Initially, Spencer was extremely determined to be part of the team. However, she later unfolds the truth behind the disappearance of Toby and became a double agent as well. Like Toby, she got kicked off from the team. She is the "A" who kidnapped Malcolm, causing a break up between Ezra and Aria. ==== Lucas Gottesman ==== Lucas was the personal assistant to Mona. He was blackmailed by Mona and the A-Team into sending texts and doing their dirty work. Lucas claims his blackmail began after Mona discovered he was selling test answers. However, Mona later discloses that Lucas was the "A" who gave Emily a massage back in the second season while Mona was off riding with Hanna. During the seventh- season episode "Hold Your Piece", Pastor Ted Wilson reveals to Hanna that he used to run a summer camp for troubled boys, and Charlotte was a camper there prior to her transition. Wilson is disheartened when describing that he interacted with his offspring without awareness they were related. Ted then showcases Hanna a picture of himself back when he worked at the camp, chaperoning Charles and Lucas, whom he described as his son's "only friend". ==== Melissa Hastings ==== Melissa was blackmailed by Mona into wearing the Black Swan disguise to the Masquerade Ball in order to distract Jenna. Mona threatened to reveal her fake pregnancy if she didn't obey her orders. Later, Melissa got onto the Halloween Train dressed as the Queen of Hearts and drugged Aria. Melissa and Wilden then attempted to push her off of the train in a box with Garrett's dead body. It is implied that she was once again blackmailed. It is implied in "A Dark Ali" that Melissa is once again working for "A", as she is seen handing a recording (presumed stolen by "A") to a man resembling Cyrus Petrillo and later implies to Spencer that "A" has something in store for Ali and the Liars. ==== Darren Wilden ==== Wilden was also part of the team as he was the Queens of Hearts responsible for trying to kill Aria. He also murdered Garrett Reynolds, fearing he'd expose him as a crooked cop and placed his corpse in a box beside a fainted Aria. Wilden's reasoning for helping the team is unknown but implied to be blackmail. ==== Jenna Marshall ==== Jenna was a member of the A-Team during the reign of Big A and was also working anonymously for Uber A. She returns to Rosewood in Season 7 and in "Along Comes Mary" and befriends Sara Harvey. Meanwhile, Aria Montgomery and Emily Fields discover that Jenna was on Archer's payroll for unknown reasons. On the episode's closing scene, Jenna and Sara are having drinks at The Radley when an unknown figure approaches the two and reveals themselves to be Noel Kahn, who proceeds to join the duo. When confronted by Emily in regards to her involvement with Archer during "Wanted: Dead or Alive", Jenna admits she befriended Charlotte DiLaurentis after reading about her stay at Welby and reached out. In a flashback, Charlotte enlists Jenna's help to track down the whereabouts of her birth mother and come up with an alias for Archer. The pseudonym "Elliott Rollins" was later created so Archer could deliberately meet Alison and take advantage of her good intentions to benefit Charlotte's eventual release from the psychiatric hospital. In "The DArkest Knight", all of the Liars get a text message, ordering them to head over to 1465, Elm Street. After being lured to an abandoned school for blind students, they're held hostage by Noel and Jenna, tracking them down at gunpoint. During the cat-and-mouse chase, Jenna takes aim at the Liars only to backfire, until a second gunshot is heard and it injures Spencer. As Marshall prepares to finish her off, Mary Drake suddenly emerges from behind and knocks her out. While Drake attempts to help Spencer, an unknown figure drags Jenna away from the building. On the closing scene of the episode, the anonymous entity places her in the back of a van, while she questions them if they were responsible for the gunshot that hit Spencer. As the mysterious figure proceeds to rip off an old man's mask and toss it over to Jenna's side, Marshall feels it up and realizes that A.D. was the one who rescued her. At the end of "Playtime", Jenna is seated in A.D.'s lair, sipping tea. She thanks the unidentified individual for the drink and reminds them of their promise to update her on the "game". Dressed in a nurse's uniform, A.D. drops a binder on Marshall's lap with pages of information written in braille. After Jenna reads a paragraph, she mutters the word "endgame" and grins in delight. During "These Boots Were Made for Stalking", Jenna walks into the police station in order to come clean about her actions and interrupts a conversation between Spencer and detective Marco Furey. Marshall reports that she kept a low profile after the events that took place at the abandoned school for blind students to avoid being harmed by Noel. According to Jenna, Noel was accountable for Sara Harvey's homicide and she feared to be his ensuing victim. Kahn recruited Jenna with the assertion that Charlotte left enough money in her will to afford Marshall another eye surgery. Nevertheless, Jenna suspected Noel of stealthily plotting to steal the cash all to himself since his parents had financially cut him off. In an attempt to spare her life, Marshall brought a gun to the deserted sight school as an act of self-defense and pretended to hold a grudge against the Liars. After Jenna describes her side of the story, Furey orders one of his associates to escort Marshall to a conference room so she can make an official statement. As Jenna exits the room, Spencer claims that she's an unreliable narrator. However, Furey informs Spencer that the authorities don't have enough evidence against Marshall because the bullet that injured Spencer didn't match the gun found at the location. Later in the episode, Caleb confronts Jenna stating that the authorities were already detecting holes in her allegations. However, Marshall assures Caleb they won't be able to prosecute her since Noel was the only person who could contradict her statement. In the series finale, Spencer's twin, Alex Drake, is revealed to be "A.D.". She reveals that Jenna was looking for her and recruited Noel to help. However, Jenna was desperate for another chance to see and offered to help her in the game. ==== Noel Kahn ==== Noel Kahn served as one of Big A/Charlotte's former minions and worked for her at the Dollhouse, having been responsible for placing blood all over Spencer Hastings to convince she had hurt someone. Noel became the prime suspect for Uber A, particularly after Alison reveals that he was the one who pushed the girl down a flight of stairs during the UPenn frat party. Hanna abducts him at the end of "The Wrath of Kahn" in an attempt to obtain a video confession that proves he's "A.D."/Uber A. In the following episode "The DArkest Knight", she instead ends up slashing his leg with a knife in order to test his DNA and see if it matches Mary Drake's. The results later come back negative and Kahn ends up escaping. Noel and Jenna later lure the Liars to an abandoned school for blind students so they could be held hostage and eventually murdered. During a cat-and-mouse chase, Kahn ends up stumbling upon an axe that decapitates his head after failing to fight Emily and Hanna. In the following episode, "Playtime", Detective Marco Furey informs Spencer that Jenna and Noel frequently visited Archer Dunhill at Welby. During "These Boots Were Made for Stalking", Jenna walks into the police station in order to come clean about her actions and interrupts a conversation between Spencer and detective Marco Furey. Marshall reports that she kept a low profile after the events that took place at the abandoned school for blind students to avoid being harmed by Noel. According to Jenna, Noel was accountable for Sara Harvey's homicide and she feared to be his ensuing victim. Kahn recruited Jenna with the assertion that Charlotte left enough money in her will to afford Marshall another eye surgery. Nevertheless, Jenna suspected Noel of stealthily plotting to steal the cash all to himself since his parents had financially cut him off. In an attempt to spare her life, Marshall brought a gun to the deserted sight school as an act of self-defense and pretended to hold a grudge against the Liars. However, when Caleb later confronts Jenna about the authorities detecting holes in her allegations, she informs him that the only person who could contradict her side of the story was Noel. It is unknown if Noel knew Jenna was working for "A.D." and was also working for them or if Jenna was working for "A.D." separately from their operation. ==== Aria Montgomery ==== Aria is "A.D.'s" helper. Aria is given the offer to join the team in "Power Play". She accepts in the following episode and begins supplying information to Uber A. After the Liars discover Lucas' graphic novel, Aria is sent by Uber A to retrieve it. Once she delivers it, she is given an "A" hoodie in return. She breaks into Alison's house sporting the disguise and trashes the nursery for her baby. In the next episode, Aria is sent by "A.D." to deliver a "gift" to the Hastings family. She connects to their Bluetooth and leaves a burner phone there to play a video recording of Peter and Mary discussing Jessica's murder. She later gets back into her "A" disguise and breaks into Alison's house to put the puzzle piece onto the game board and retrieve her file. "A.D." contacts Aria again and gives her a phone to communicate on. "A.D." asks Aria to meet them and to wear the uniform to do so. Mona overhears the call and tells the Liars of Aria's involvement with the A-Team. Aria gets into her "A" hoodie and goes to meet "A.D.", only to be confronted by the Liars. She then officially defects from the team and rejoins the Liars. ==== Mary Drake ==== Mary joins the A.D.-Team after the time jump, when Mona breaks her out of prison for Alex and she then helps Alex with kidnapping Spencer and keeping her locked away in the bunker. When Alex tries to kill Spencer, Mary tries to convince her to just keep her locked up, but Alex refuses and punches her to keep her from interfering. Mary and Alex are then kidnapped by Mona and kept as her dolls in her own personal dollhouse. Mary is also Jessica DiLaurentis' killer and implied to be the "A" who buried her. It is unknown if Mary was on the A-Team prior to the series finale or was simply forced into joining to keep Spencer locked up. ==== Wren Kingston ==== Wren was a member of the A-Team and is one of the helpers to Alex/Uber A. He helped CeCe/Charlotte sneak into Radley with fake visitors passes to visit Mona and later informs her of Alex's existence. When Alex takes over, he shoots her so that she will have the same scar as Spencer and then later comes to Welby to kill Mona as "A.D." for Alex, only stopping once Mona says she can help get Mary out. Alex kills Wren so that she doesn't have to break up with him in order to get her endgame wishes. Despite Wren being the only person to know almost everything about Alex's game, he doesn't participate much during the actual game, only doing a few things for Alex. == Other "A's" == === Shana Fring === Shana pretended to be "A" to attack the Liars in New York. She donned a black hoodie and attacked them at the coffee shop, only to end up shooting Ezra instead, who had found out her identity. In the following episode, she continued to hunt down the Liars, and sent a group of black hoodies to trick them. The black hoodies used the alias "A" during their taunting of the Liars. Shana revealed herself to the girls and revealed that she wanted justice for Jenna. The Liars falsely believed that Shana was Big A. == Disguises == Although typically wearing a signature black hoodie and gloves, “A” has worn a variety of disguises in the television series to spy on the Liars at various parties and events. === Red Coat === Red Coat is a disguise used by two members of the A-Team. Consisting of a knee length red trench coat, black skinny jeans and black heeled ankle boots, CeCe Drake took on the disguise to lead the A-Team and go out in public. Drake also hired Sara Harvey to act as a decoy whenever she couldn't sport the disguise in her assignments. Alison DiLaurentis occasionally used the disguise to protect her friends without revealing she was alive. === The Black Widow === The Black Widow is a previously anonymous character who attended detective Darren Wilden's funeral in 'A' Is for A-l-i- v-e". The disguise is all black clothing, with her face concealed by a black veil. The Black Widow is later shown to be a part of the A-Team, when she is seen inside the "A" R.V. placing a Mona doll with the rest of the "A" doll collection. She then lifts up her veil to reveal a burned Ali mask underneath, revealing that she was the Red Coat at the Lodge. In the fifth season, the disguise is seen inside one of "A's" lairs. In "Game Over, Charles", it is revealed that Sara Harvey was the Black Widow. Charlotte sent her to Wilden's funeral to make sure he was deceased. In "Of Late I Think of Rosewood", Sara shows up to Charlotte's funeral in a variation of the disguise, though this time revealing her face. In a nightmare that Alison had during "How the 'A' Stole Christmas", her mom, Jessica DiLaurentis shows up as the Black Widow. === The Queen of Hearts === The Queen of Hearts is a previously anonymous character that made an appearance during the third season's Halloween special, "This Is a Dark Ride". In the fourth season's premiere, it is revealed that there were actually two of them in the Halloween train, Melissa Hastings and Darren Wilden. Wilden attacked Spencer and fought Paige, while Melissa drugged Aria and took her body. Wilden also murdered Garrett Reynolds fearing he'd expose his corrupt activities and Melissa later admits to Spencer that she was blackmailed into doing his bidding. However, in Mona's footage, evidence shows that Wilden tried to abandon the train and Melissa is heard ordering him to stay. Wilden would later place a fainted Aria in a box beside Garrett's corpse and then gathered with Melissa in an attempt to push them off the train. They fled the scene once Aria regained her consciousness and stabbed Wilden. === The Black Swan === The Black Swan is a previously anonymous character that made an appearance during the Masquerade Ball. Melissa was revealed to be the person behind the disguise in "Birds of a Feather". She claimed that "A" (Mona) threatened her, stating that her false pregnancy would've been exposed if she did not distract Jenna during the event. The disguise is inspired by Odile from Swan Lake. == References == Category:Pretty Little Liars characters Category:Literary characters introduced in 2006 Category:Fictional murderers Category:Fictional kidnappers Category:Fictional hackers Category:Fictional stalkers Category:Fictional blackmailers Category:Female literary villains Category:American female characters in television

"A" is a song by the South Korean girl group Rainbow. It was released on August 12, 2010, and was later included on their second mini album So Girls. == Background == A teaser photo with the concept of the song was released on August 4. A teaser of the music video was released on August 10 and the full music video on August 12, along with the release of the single. == Composition == The song was produced by Han Jae Ho and Kim Seung Soo (also known as Sweetune), who also produced the songs "Rock U", "Pretty Girl", "Honey", "Wanna", "Mister" and "Lupin" for their label-mate KARA. == Promotions == The promotions of the song started on August 13 in the KBS's Music Bank. It was also promoted on MBC's Music Core, SBS's Inkigayo and Mnet's M! Countdown. == Track listing == == Chart performance == In the first week, the song was at number 50 and climbed to the number 11 the following week. The peak position was 9, in the week of September 4. The song ranked number 80 in Gaon's yearly chart with 337,665,388 points and with 1,617,074 digital copies sold. == Charts == Chart (2010) Peak position Gaon Weekly singles 9 Gaon Monthly singles 13 Gaon Yearly singles 80 ==Japanese version== The song was re-record in Japanese as the group's first single in Japan. It was released digitally on September 7, 2011, and physically on September 14 in four different versions: three limited editions (CD+DVD, CD + 32-pages photobook and CD only with a bonus track) and a regular edition. ===Composition=== The Japanese version remains some lyrics written by Song Soo Yoon and was translated by Yu Shimoji and nice73. The B-side is a Japanese version of the song "Gossip Girl", previously recorded in Korean. The song is the lead single from their first EP Gossip Girl. ===Promotions=== In Japan, Rainbow performed the song on the shows Happy Music, Hey!Hey!Hey! Music Champ and Music Japan. The group held their first event in the Ikebukuro district of Tokyo with a crowd of 2,000 fans. They performed "A" and had a 15-minute talk session. ===Track listing=== ===Chart performance=== The physical single began at number 3 in Oricon's daily chart and also number 3 in Oricon's weekly chart with 24,082 copies sold in the first week. After hearing about their position in Japan, the girls said, "When we first heard that we were ranked in third, we were all surprised because we had no idea that they’d take such an interest in us. There were even some members who cried. There’s also a lot of pressure in that we have to work harder and do better. We’re still very grateful and thankful for our position on the charts. Since we’re already receiving so much love, we’re really not anticipating a rise in the weekly charts. For the remainder of our stay here, we’re just going to do our best." ===Charts=== ====Oricon==== Oricon Chart Peak Debut sales Sales total Daily Singles Chart 3 24,082 44,858 Weekly Singles Chart 3 Monthly Singles Chart 18 Yearly Singles Chart 172 ====Other charts==== Chart Peak position Billboard Japan Hot 100 4 RIAJ Digital Track Chart weekly top 100 15 ==Ab dance controversy== The "ab dance" in Rainbow's choreography was banned from broadcasting on September 8, 2010, because it was "too sexually suggestive". The dance move involves the group lifting their shirts up to the point where their abdomen or stomach can be seen before taking them down again which was deemed similar to a strip tease. The music video was also age restricted on YouTube, but DSP retired the restriction. They started promoting the song without the "ab dance" on September 11. However, when the group promoted the song in Japan they were allowed to perform the dance, and referred to it as the "belly dance". ==Release history== Country Date Format Label South Korea August 12, 2010 Digital download, Promotional single DSP Media Japan September 7, 2011 Digital download Universal Sigma September 14, 2011 CD single ==References== ==External links== * "A" (Japanese) music video teaser (DSP version) on YouTube * "A" (Japanese) music video teaser (Universal Music Japan version) on YouTube * "A" (Korean) music video on YouTube * "A" (Korean) music video teaser on YouTube Category:2010 songs Category:2010 singles Category:2011 singles Category:Rainbow (girl group) songs Category:Korean-language songs Category:Japanese-language songs

A is a service on the S-train network in Copenhagen. It is one of the base services on the network, running every 20 minutes from about 5:00 to 0:30 every day, and every 10 minutes from about 6:15 to 19:00. It runs between Hundige and Hillerød, serving all stations on the inner part of the Køge radial. During daytime on weekdays, every second train continues from Hundige station to Solrød Strand station. On Friday and Saturday nights there is also a 30 minutes service throughout the night. ==History== Since the first part of the Køge radial opened in 1972, letter A has been used for the principal service on its inner part. Before that time the most constant characteristic of service A was that it ran on the Klampenborg radial in the northern end of the system. Name Southern end Years Northern end 1a all stops to Valby 1934–1940 Klampenborgbanen: all stops to Klampenborg 1a terminated at København H 1940–1950 Klampenborgbanen: all stops to Klampenborg A Frederikssundbanen: all stops to Vanløse 1950–1952 Klampenborgbanen: all stops to Klampenborg A as above, extended to Herlev in rush hours 1952–1972 Klampenborgbanen: all stops to Klampenborg A Køgebugtbanen: all stops to Vallensbæk 1972–1976 Klampenborgbanen: all stops to Klampenborg A all stops to Hundige 1976–1979 Klampenborgbanen: all stops to Klampenborg A all stops to Hundige; extended to Solrød Strand evenings and weekends 1979–1983 Nordbanen: all stops to Holte A all stops to Hundige 1983–1989 Nordbanen: all stops to Holte A all stops to Hundige 1989–1999 Nordbanen: to Hillerød, non-stop Østerport-Hellerup-Lyngby-Holte A all stops to Hundige 1999–2007 as above except all stops until Hellerup A all stops to Hundige 2007–2009 Hareskovbanen: all stops to Farum A all stops to Hundige; some daytime trains to Solrød Strand Dec 2009–2014 Hareskovbanen: all stops to Farum A all stops to Hundige; some daytime trains to Solrød Strand 2014– Nordbanen: non-stop Hellerup-Jægersborg, all stops to Hillerød ===Ax, K, A+=== Until 2007, separate service designations were used for trains that reinforced the basic service on the Køge radial in high-traffic periods. This was in part because they had their own stopping patterns, and in part due to the then-current doctrine that a service letter such as A must not be used for more than exactly 3 trains an hour. The first supplementary service was the rush-hour Ax which started running when the first phase of the Køge radial opened in 1972. It was upgraded to the daytime K service in 1992 and quickly renamed to A+ in 1993. Name Southern end Years Northern end Ax Køgebugtbanen: all stops to Vallensbæk 1972–1976 terminated at Hellerup Ax all stops to Hundige 1976–1979 terminated at Hellerup Ax to Hundige but stopping where? 1979–1983 terminated at Hellerup or Østerport? Ax to Hundige, non-stop København H - Friheden 1983–1992 terminated at Østerport K to Hundige, non- stop København H - Friheden 1992–1993 terminated at Østerport A+ to Hundige, non-stop København H - Friheden 1993–1995 terminated at Østerport A+ to Køge, non-stop København H - Sjælør - Friheden 1995–1998 terminated at Østerport A+ as above, plus stop at Sydhavn 1998–2002 terminated at Østerport A+ as above, plus stop at Dybbølsbro 2002–2005 terminated at Østerport A+ as above, plus stop at Dybbølsbro 2006–2007 Hareskovbanen: to Buddinge Mon-Fri Joined into A from September 2007 Joined into A from September 2007 Joined into A from September 2007 Joined into A from September 2007 == References == Category:S-train (Copenhagen)

"A" is the sixteenth and final episode of the fourth season of the post- apocalyptic horror television series The Walking Dead, which aired on AMC on March 30, 2014. The episode was written by Scott M. Gimple and Angela Kang, and directed by Michelle MacLaren. As multiple paths collide on each group's travels, Rick (Andrew Lincoln) remembers the past and comes face to face with sheer brutality. As the so-called sanctuary, "Terminus", begins to reveal its true face, the group struggles to survive. Themes explored in this episode include preparedness and the extremities of living in a lawless world. The latter is explored through Rick's guilt and trauma after being forced to brutally murder two men to protect his son, Carl (Chandler Riggs). ==Plot== Flashbacks through the episode take place during the groups' time at the prison. Over an undetermined period, Hershel helps Rick to recognize that he has taken a violent, callous attitude toward protecting his group, and reminds him of how this has impressed on his son Carl, nor allowed himself to spend time with his infant daughter Judith. Rick comes to take Hershel's advice, deciding to put down his gun, take up farming alongside Carl, and enjoy time with the members of his group. In the present, Rick, Carl, and Michonne follow signs along the tracks to Terminus. They hear cries for help and find a lone survivor surrounded by walkers. Rick warns them about conserving their ammunition and determines there is too much to risk in saving the man, and they watch him get killed by the walkers. That night, they are ambushed by Joe and his gang of Claimers, whose number also includes the reluctant Daryl. Joe had been tracking Rick's group for some time, seeking revenge on Rick for killing one of his own. Joe holds Rick at gunpoint, and Daryl (who was unaware it was Rick's group being tracked) tries to convince Joe to not harm his friends. Joe refuses Daryl and has two of his men secure him before turning his attention back to Rick. Joe says that the Claimers are "reasonable men", but in revenge, he will have Daryl beaten to death, sexually assault Michonne, then Carl, and then kill Rick after he is forced to witness this. One Claimer, Dan, prepares to rape Carl. Instinctively, Rick headbutts Joe, who fires his gun but misses, but the shot leaves Rick temporarily deaf. Joe wrestles and secures Rick, but Rick then bites into Joe's carotid artery and rips out his jugular vein, killing him and shocking the other Claimers. Daryl and Michonne use the moment to break free of their captors, killing the rest of the Claimers except Dan. Dan pleads for his life, but Rick stabs him with Joe's pocketknife and disembowels him, and then continues to stab him to death repeatedly, as Carl watches. Rick makes sure the others are safe, and he and Daryl reconcile, and Daryl explains that he got separated from Beth and is unaware of her fate. Later, the four continue toward Terminus and soon come in sight of the train yard. Rick is concerned and decides to bury most of their weapons nearby before they enter. They are greeted at Terminus by brothers Gareth (Andrew J. West) and Alex (Tate Ellington), and they check their weapons before returning them to the group. Alex provides them with a tour of Terminus, providing them with food from their mother Mary. Rick notices inside Alex’s cargo pants pocket the silver chain of the pocketwatch that Hershel had given to Glenn as his sign of approval for marrying his daughter Maggie. Rick takes Alex at gunpoint and demands to know where he found the pocket watch. Gareth, observing from a distance, orders his men to attack, starting a large firefight. Rick uses Alex as a bullet shield, before he and the others are forced into a series of alleyways, and eventually into a closed-in area, where they have nowhere to hide from snipers. Gareth demands they drop their weapons, and the group is escorted into a boxcar where they find that the Terminus residents have already captured Glenn, Maggie, Bob, and Sasha, along with new allies Abraham, Rosita, Eugene, and Tara. When they are locked in, Rick tells the others "they're screwing with the wrong people." ==Production== "A" was co-written by executive producer and showrunner Scott M. Gimple and producer Angela Kang; it was each their third writing credit for the season. It was directed by Michelle MacLaren, who previously directed season two's "Pretty Much Dead Already" and season one's "Guts". It marks the final episode to feature Hershel Greene, although in a flashback sequence, following the character's death in "Too Far Gone". For this episode, Scott Wilson is readded to the opening credits after being removed after the ninth episode of the season. The episode marks the final appearance of recurring character Joe (played by Jeff Kober) as he was killed by Rick Grimes by biting out his jugular vein. The scene where Rick, Michonne and Carl are captured by Joe's gang was intentionally shot and produced to follow a certain portion of the plotline in "Volume 10", "Issue #57" of the comic book series. The main difference is in the comics, Rick, Carl, and Abraham are captured by three bandits, whereas in the show, Rick, Carl, and Michonne are captured by Joe's gang of five men. During filming of the final scene, Andrew Lincoln remarked that he delivered the final line which was very close to the one found in "Volume #11", "Issue #64" of the comic book series. Scott Gimple noted that this would never have passed the network censors, so they had to re-take another version of the final scene without the swearing. Despite this, the scene with the swearing is considered the canonical version. The home video release of the episode shows the uncensored version of the final line of the season, "They're fucking with the wrong people." ==Reception== ===Viewership=== Upon airing, the episode was watched by 15.68 million American viewers, and received an 18–49 rating of 8.0. This marks a rise in total viewers and ratings from the previous episode, which received an 18–49 rating of 6.7 and 13.47 million viewers. This rating represents the season finale high to date, but below the all-time high of the season four premiere episode. Overall, season four's average viewership of 13.3 million viewers was an increase of 20% over season three. ===Critical reception=== The episode received critical acclaim. Writing for Forbes, Allen St. John, commented the finale positively, saying, "This episode, directed masterfully by Michelle McLaren of Breaking Bad fame, puts The Walking Dead in an interesting place. The story line takes our heroes into a dark place—and what can be darker than a locked railroad car?" IGN's Roth Cornet rated the episode a "Great" 8.0, writing, "The Walking Dead Season 4 finale served as a response to a question Rick has been asking himself nearly since the start of the series: What kind of man am I? The answer, at least to some degree, is whatever kind of man the moment demands of him; which is exactly what he’d need to be in order to make a strong and viable leader in this world. While I do feel that the conclusion could have been stronger, this was one of the most well-directed and executed episodes of the latter half of this season." ==References== ==External links== *"A" at AMC * Category:2014 American television episodes Category:The Walking Dead (season 4) episodes Category:Television episodes directed by Michelle MacLaren

A is a collaborative studio album by American singer Usher and record producer Zaytoven, the latter of which entirely handling the albums production. Released on October 12, 2018, the album is an homage to the city of Atlanta, where Usher and Zaytoven grew up, featuring guest appearances from fellow Atlanta-based musicians Future and Gunna. ==Background and recording== On July 25, 2018, Mark Pitts, President of Urban Music at RCA, posted a photo on Instagram of him and Usher working in the studio. Pitts posted another image in September on his Instagram of him, Zaytoven, and Usher in the studio. Zaytoven and Usher previously collaborated on the 2009 single "Papers" from Usher's 2010 album Raymond v. Raymond. In an interview Usher conducted the Thursday before the album release with The Fader, he said "Zaytoven and I were working on my project, my future album, actually. And we started working on songs, had great combinations between the first two, three, and we kept going." The album was recorded at Westlake Recording Studios in West Hollywood, California. == Music and lyrics == The album features songwriters Elliott Trent, Dimitri McDowell, and American gospel singer Deitrick Haddon. According to Pitchfork writer Briana Younger, "A is a solid homage to the duo's beloved Atlanta roots and the city's sound that has permeated just about every corner of popular music." Elias Leight of Rolling Stone wrote that "catching pop's waves has always been one of Usher's greatest strengths, whether that means collaborating with Lil Jon when crunk was going mainstream or charging into EDM". ==Promotion== Usher announced the project on October 11, 2018, with a trailer showing himself and Zaytoven driving around Atlanta and visiting various locations. The trailer also featured various portions of the tracks; alongside this, Usher also posted snippets of the tracks separately on Instagram. ==Artwork and packaging== The cover art for the album is designed by American fashion designer Virgil Abloh. The artwork is Abloh's album-themed take of his own signature Off-White branding. ==Commercial performance== A debuted at number 31 on the US Billboard 200 with 15,000 album-equivalent units, which included 4,000 pure album sales. ==Track listing== ==Personnel== Credits for A adapted from AllMusic. *Usher Raymond IV – vocals *Zaytoven – production *Future – vocals *Gunna – vocals ==Charts== Chart performance for A Chart (2018) Peak position Australian Digital Albums (ARIA) 35 ==References== Category:2018 albums Category:Usher (musician) albums Category:Zaytoven albums Category:Collaborative albums Category:Albums produced by Zaytoven Category:RCA Records albums

A (a Minor) v Minister for Justice and Equality, Refugee Applications Commissioner, Ireland and the Attorney General [2013 IESC 18, (2013) 2 ILRM 457] is an Irish Supreme Court case where the Supreme Court concluded that a certificate of leave to appeal was not required in order to appeal to the Supreme Court a decision of the High Court to dismiss proceedings as frivolous or vexatious. == Background == This case involved a child "A", suing by her mother and next friend (the appellant). The appellant was born in Ireland in 2010 and was the child of a Nigerian national, who came to Ireland in 2005. The appellant applied for asylum in Ireland, which application was rejected by the Refugee Applications Commissioner in July 2011. The application for asylum was rejected on the basis that:The appellant (through her mother) sought judicial review of the Refugee Applications Commissioner's decision to refuse the asylum application. As part of this application, the appellant sought a number of reliefs - "including an order quashing the decision of the [Refugee Applications] Commissioner that the appellant failed to establish a well founded fear of persecution as defined under s.2 of the Refugee Act, 1996, as amended." The Minister for Justice and Equality, Refugee Applications Commissioner, Ireland and the Attorney General (the respondents) sought an order dismissing the proceedings of the appellant "on the grounds that they were frivolous, and/or vexatious, and/or doomed to fail, and/or an abuse of the process." The High Court agreed with the respondents. The High Court agreed with the Refugee Applications Commissioner's reasoning for denying asylum and found that there was no need for judicial review in this instance and that a motion of appeal against the Refugee Applications Commissioners report would be more appropriate. As the High Court noted, "the generalised grounds, divorced from any specific flaws in a challenged decision, raise a prima facie implication that the judicial review proceeding had been commenced as a delaying tactic only." The appellant appealed against, and sought an order setting aside, the High Court judgment and order dismissing the proceedings as "frivolous, and/or vexatious, and/or doomed to fail, and/or an abuse of the process". The respondents sought to have the appeal struck out on the basis that the appellant had not obtained a certificate of leave to appeal from the High Court - this certificate was, according to the respondents, required under s5(3)(a) Illegal Immigrants (Trafficking) Act 2000. == Holding of the Supreme Court == The written judgment was provided by Denham CJ , with whom Murray J and Clarke J concurred. S5(3)(a) Illegal Immigrants (Trafficking) Act 2000 provides that: The question for the court was, therefore, whether the order of the High Court dismissing the proceedings was a "determination of the High Court of an application for leave to apply for judicial review" in respect of which a certificate of leave to appeal was required. The Supreme Court granted an appeal without the need for a certificate. The appellant's application for leave to apply for judicial review had not been heard by the High Court. The High Court's decision was, rather, based on the respondent's motion to quash an application for judicial review. The High Court's ruling was not, therefore, a 'determination' within the meaning of s5(3)(a) Illegal Immigrants (Trafficking) Act 2000. The Court relied on the reasoning of Geoghegan J in B. v Minister for Justice, Equality & Law Reform where Geoghegan J noted that: Applying this reasoning to the present case, Denham CJ noted "[t]he issues involved in a motion to dismiss may be substantially different from those involved in an application for leave to apply for judicial review". She went on to note that the wording of s5(3)(a) Illegal Immigrants (Trafficking) Act 2000 did not ouster the right of appeal. The court concluded that the appellant could bring an appeal without the need for a certificate of the High Court. == External links == A (a Minor) v Minister for Justice ==References== Category:2013 in case law Category:2013 in Irish law Category:2013 in the Republic of Ireland Category:Supreme Court of Ireland cases Category:Immigration case law

A are a British alternative rock band from Suffolk, England, which formed in 1993. They have released 4 studio and 2 live albums, including their debut How Ace Are Buildings and the UK top 20 album Hi-Fi Serious. Single releases have also achieved strong chart success, with a UK top 10, four UK top 40 and seven UK Top 100 singles. Shortly after releasing their fourth album, Teen Dance Ordinance, in 2005, the band briefly split. In 2007 'A' reunited for a one-off gig, and have been touring sporadically ever since including playing the main stage at Download Pilot on June 19, 2021. They have not released any further albums since 2005. ==History== === Formation, How Ace Are Buildings and A vs. Monkey Kong (1993–2000) === The band began in Suffolk in the mid 80s as Grand Designs, named after the song by Rush. The founder members were twins Jason and Adam Perry and their friend Mark Chapman, with bassist Stevie Swindon and the twins' younger brother Giles Perry. They cited Rush, the Beach Boys, Van Halen and the Beastie Boys among their influences. After changing their name to A in 1993, and abandoning their early progressive rock-inspired sound for a more punk rock style, they signed a European recording contract with Warner Bros. Records UK in 1996 and released their debut LP How Ace Are Buildings in 1997. Also in 1997, the band briefly appeared in the music video for "Anthem" by the Wildhearts. A found a healthy underground reception and even had a couple of low-charting singles in the UK. Although A achieved some recognition with How Ace Are Buildings, bassist Stevie Swindon left the band. He was replaced in 1997 by bassist and future BBC Radio 1 Rock Show DJ Daniel P Carter. Swindon went on to establish the award-winning community arts charity, TAPE Community Music and Film in 2008. A licensing agreement for the American music market was reached with the North Carolina-based Mammoth Records. Future releases would be distributed in the U.S. and Canada by Mammoth. A's second album A vs. Monkey Kong followed in 1999. The band then toured the world and enjoyed a small degree of success worldwide, especially in Germany. They released a live album, Exit Stage Right in 2000. ===Hi-Fi Serious and commercial success (2002) === Hi-Fi Serious was their third album, released in 2002 and is certified Silver in the UK having sold over 60,000 copies. It was preceded by their biggest single "Nothing", which became the band's first and only top ten hit when it reached number 9 in the UK singles chart. "Nothing" was followed by top 20 hit "Starbucks", named after the coffee chain. The tour following Hi-Fi Serious saw the band playing their largest venues to date, headlining the 5,000 capacity Brixton Academy as part of their Inner-City Sumo Tour. At the end of the year they won the Kerrang! award for Best British Band. In 2004, their single "Nothing" appeared on Beyblade's Let It Rip! official soundtrack. In 2007, "Something's Going On" and "The Distance" appeared on the Surf's Up video game soundtrack. ===Teen Dance Ordinance and hiatus (2005) === A released their fourth album, Teen Dance Ordinance (TDO), on 27 June 2005. The album had been recorded two years earlier, but was heavily delayed due to Jason Perry's illness and disputes with the record company. It featured a more straight rock sound and displayed an almost complete absence of the keyboards and sampling that marked the early sound of the band. Unlike their last two albums, Teen Dance Ordinance was not released in the US. Hollywood Records agreed early on to release it in the US, but ultimately did not. Following the release of Teen Dance Ordinance in 2005, the band worked on other projects. Jason Perry spent time writing, recording, and touring with Matt Willis, formerly of Busted, and has now become a Grammy award winning producer, working with the likes of the Blackout, Kids in Glass Houses, and McFly. Adam Perry and Daniel P Carter briefly became full-time members of the Bloodhound Gang: Perry replaced drummer Willie the New Guy in 2005, and Carter replaced guitarist Lupus Thunder in 2009. Carter continued writing material with Jason Perry and artists such as McFly, and has hosted BBC Radio 1's Rock Show since 25 September 2006. Mark Chapman went into teaching, and has played in the bands Malpractice, alongside drum'n'bass producer Adam F, and 'MiLLS,' fronted by former Cable drummer Richie Mills. Giles Perry went on work for the BBC, and has also produced videos for Hundred Reasons and Biffy Clyro. ===Reunion (2007–2008) === In August 2008, Adam Perry revealed six tour dates supporting the Wildhearts on the band's forum, noting that: "This is going to be wicked and we are grateful to the Wildhearts for dragging us from our retirement! Plus there are now big plans afoot to start the new record for next year." Bassist Daniel P Carter did not return to the band, however, and John Mitchell, front man of It Bites and producer of bands including Enter Shikari and Funeral for a Friend, filled in for the tour. === Later work (2009 – present) === 'A' played a 10-date UK tour in December 2009, supported by This City. On 13 May 2010, Bowling For Soup singer Jaret Reddick announced 'A' as support band for their Autumn tour. 'A' then announced on their own Twitter on 26 May 2010 that Daniel P. Carter would be returning to the band for this tour. Later that year, Perry and Carter were credited as co- writers of the Subways song "I Wanna Dance With You" from the album Money & Celebrity. 'A' played a one-off show at the Kasbah nightclub in Coventry on 1 December 2012. In June 2015, they played warm-up concerts in St Albans and Royal Tunbridge Wells before headlining the 4th stage at that year's Download Festival. Andrew "Shay" Sheehy, formerly of Kids in Glass Houses, filled in on bass guitar for these shows. In February 2018, 'A' embarked on an 8 date UK tour in support of Hell Is for Heroes, joined briefly by McFly bassist Dougie Poynter. and an appearance at Download Festival. In November 2018, the band went on a 9 date tour playing the album Hi-Fi Serious in full, with support from Wheatus and InMe followed by another UK headline tour and appearances at Two Thousand Trees Festival and Camden Rocks in summer 2019. In November 2019, 'A' band played eight dates in the UK to celebrate the 20th anniversary of the album A vs. Monkey Kong. The band were joined by Tim HB, formally of Architects (British band) who stepped in on bass guitar for the tour. Support was provided by '68. During 2021 'A' performed on the main stage at the Download Festival Pilot event and the rescheduled Slam Dunk Festival. In April 2022 the band played a warm-up show in Dover before heading out around the UK on 11 dates as main support for Reef. 2023 has seen fresh rumors of new "A" material. ==Members== Current members * Jason Perry – lead vocals (1993–2005, 2008–present) * Adam Perry – drums (1993–2005, 2008–present) * Giles Perry – keyboards, backing vocals (1993–2005, 2008–present) * Mark Chapman – guitar (1993–2005, 2008–present) Former members * Steve Swindon – bass guitar (1993–1997) * Daniel P. Carter – bass guitar, backing vocals (1997–2005, 2010–2012) ==Discography== *How Ace Are Buildings (1997) *A vs. Monkey Kong (1999) *Hi-Fi Serious (2002) *Teen Dance Ordinance (2005) ==References== == External links == * * Category:English indie rock groups Category:Musical groups established in 1993 Category:Warner Records artists Category:Kerrang! Awards winners Category:Sibling musical groups Category:Musicians from Suffolk

The cuneiform sign 𒀀 (DIŠ, DIŠ OVER DIŠ) for a, and in the Epic of Gilgamesh the sumerogram A, Akkadian for mû,Parpola, 1971. The Standard Babylonian Epic of Gilgamesh, Glossary, pp. 119-145, mû, p. 132. "water", which is used in the Gilgamesh flood myth, Chapter XI of the Epic, or other passages. The sign is also used extensively in the Amarna letters. Cuneiform a is the most common of the four vowels in the Akkadian language, a, e, i, and u. All vowels can be interchangeable, depending on the scribe, though spellings of Akkadian words in dictionaries, will be formalized, and typically: unstressed, a 'long- vowel', or thirdly, a 'combined' vowel (often spelled with two signs (same vowel, ending the first sign, and starting the next sign), thus combined into the single vowel, â, ê, î, or û.). Cuneiform a is the most common of the four vowels, as can be shown by usage in the Epic of Gilgamesh, the usage numbers being (ú (u, no. 2) is more common than u, (no. 1), which has additional usages, numeral "10", and "and", "but", etc.): a-(1369), e-(327), i-(698), ú-(493). (For u, only: u-(166));Parpola, 1971. The Standard Babylonian Epic of Gilgamesh, Sign List, pp. 155-165, Signs a, e, i, ú, and u. The usage for a, includes the usage for Akkadian a-na, (ana),Parpola, 1971. The Standard Babylonian Epic of Gilgamesh, Glossary, pp. 119-145, ana, pp. 120-121. the preposition, "for", "to", etc., about 250 usages (therefore usage: 1369–250). ==I-ligatured-a, as "ia", (iYa)== The combined vowel i, 100x24px, connected (ligatured, attached to a) 100x24px, ligatured to cuneiform a is the ia (cuneiform) 100x24px. It has usages in the Akkadian language for words starting with "ia", for example "iā'u", (English "mine"), "iāši", (English "(to) me"), and "iāti", (English "me"). In the Amarna letters ia is also used as a suffix: -ia, for example Amarna letter EA 325, "To King (Pharaoh)-Lord- mine (-ia), God-mine, Sun-God-mine, ...." ("A-na Lugal-bēlu-ia, An-meš-ia, An- UTU-ia, ....") ==Amarna letter usage== The Amarna letter usage of cuneiform a has the same high usage for Akkadian language ana (a-na) as does the Epic of Gilgamesh. Two other high usages for a and typical to the Amarna letters is the negative: lā, Akkadian language, "lā", used before the spelling of the verb, which follows. In the Epic of Gilgamesh it almost exclusively is spelled just lā, without the extra a. The opposite is true for the Amarna letters, which has it spelled almost exclusively la-a, (for "lā") thus making it very easy to find and read in the letters, and thus the verb usually follows. ===Akkadian "enūma", "eninna", often a segue=== Because the Amarna letters often state the condition of events in the regions where the letters originate, the events are often previewed by Now..., or When..., which are topical segues. They sometimes start new paragraphs. At a minimum, they simply continue the text, as 'seque transition points'. (Some letters, EA 19, Para 2, also include spaces, as part of the segue.) The segue word: Akkadian language "enūma",Parpola, 1971. The Standard Babylonian Epic of Gilgamesh, Glossary, pp. 119-145, enûma, p. 124. (English "when") is only used three times in the Epic of Gilgamesh, as opposed to the Amarna letters where it is used hundreds of times (reverse side of EA 362, 7 times, lines 33–68, mostly spelled "inûma"). In the Amarna letters, Akkadaian enūma is used and spelled starting with either i, e, or a, thus inūma, enūma, or anūma, all for Akkadian language "enūma". The usage is probably specific to the scribe, as the writer of the letter (not necessarily the 'author' of the letter). Akkadian language "eninna", (English "now") is used far less in the Amarna letters. Anūma, enūma, and inūma is the common adverb, for now, or when, (now, ("now, at this time", as the segue)). ==References== *Moran, William L. 1987, 1992. The Amarna Letters. Johns Hopkins University Press, 1987, 1992. 393 pages.(softcover, ) * Parpola, 1971. The Standard Babylonian Epic of Gilgamesh, Parpola, Simo, Neo-Assyrian Text Corpus Project, c 1997, Tablet I thru Tablet XII, Index of Names, Sign List, and Glossary-(pp. 119–145), 165 pages. \---- File:B252ellst.png|Alphabetic cuneiform i, i (cuneiform); (there is only a, e, i, and (ú, commonly), or u). (i-ligatured-a is used for ia (cuneiform)) File:B839 (Old Assyrian and Hittite a).jpg|Old Assyrian and Hittite language form of "a". Category:Cuneiform signs

ㅏ(a) is a jamo, the smallest component of the Korean hangul writing system. It represents a vowel, the IPA pronunciation of which is [ɐ]. The Unicode for ㅏ is U+314F. ==Stroke order== center|Stroke order in writing ㅏ == References == ==See also== *Turnstile (symbol) Category:Hangul jamo Category:Vowel letters

A or La is the sixth note and the tenth semitone of the fixed-do solfège. Its enharmonic equivalents are B (B double flat) which is a diatonic semitone above A and G (G double sharp) which is a diatonic semitone below A. "A" is generally used as a standard for tuning. When the orchestra tunes, the oboe plays an "A" and the rest of the instruments tune to match that pitch. Every string instrument in the orchestra has an A string, from which each player can tune the rest of their instrument. "A" is also used in combination with a number (e.g. A-440) to label the pitch standard. The number designates the frequency in hertz. A lower number equals a lower pitch. The International Standards Organization (ISO) has standardized the pitch at A-440. However, tuning has varied over time, geographical region, or instrument maker. In 17th-century Europe, tunings ranged from about A-374 to A-403, approximately two to three semitones below A-440. Historical examples exist of instruments, tuning forks, or standards ranging from A-309 to A-455.3, a difference of almost six semitones. Although the official standard today is A-440, some orchestral groups and chamber groups prefer to tune a little higher, at A-442 or even A-444. Baroque pitch is usually cited as A-415, which is a semitone lower than modern pitch. A0 is the lowest note on the standard piano. The octaves follow A1, A2, etc. A7 is a few pitches lower than C8, the highest note on the standard piano. The note "A" is not considered to be a certain milestone or mark to hit with voice as, for example, Tenor C is, but it can be extremely demanding in certain octaves. ==Designation by octave== Scientific designation Helmholtz designation Octave name Frequency (Hz) Sound sample A−1 A͵͵͵ or ͵͵͵A or AAAA Subsubcontra 13.75 A0 A͵͵ or ͵͵A or AAA Subcontra 27.5 A1 A͵ or ͵A or AA Contra 55 55 Sine wave A2 A Great 110 110 Sine wave A3 a Small 220 220 Sine wave A4 a One-lined 440 440 Sine wave A5 a Two-lined 880 880 Sine wave A6 a Three-lined 1760 1760 Sine wave A7 a Four- lined 3520 A8 a Five-lined 7040 A9 a Six-lined 14080 A10 a Seven-lined 28160 ==Scales== ===Common scales beginning on A=== * A major: A B C D E F G A *A natural minor: A B C D E F G A * A harmonic minor: A B C D E F G A * A melodic minor ascending: A B C D E F G A * A melodic minor descending: A G F E D C B A ===Diatonic scales=== * A Ionian: A B C D E F G A * A Dorian: A B C D E F G A * A Phrygian: A B C D E F G A * A Lydian: A B C D E F G A * A Mixolydian: A B C D E F G A * A Aeolian: A B C D E F G A * A Locrian: A B C D E F G A ===Jazz melodic minor=== * A Ascending melodic minor: A B C D E F G A * A Dorian ♭2: A B C D E F G A * A Lydian augmented: A B C D E F G A * A Lydian dominant: A B C D E F G A * A Mixolydian ♭6: A B C D E F G A * A Locrian ♮2: A B C D E F G A * A Altered: A B C D E F G A ==See also== * Piano key frequencies * A major * A minor * Root (chord) ==References== ==External links== * Standard Pitch or Concert Pitch for Pianos by Barrie Heaton * Virginia Tech Music Dictionary: A Category:Musical notes

A is the fifth single album by South Korean band Big Bang, and the second from their Made Series. ==Background and release== The first poster titled "Bang Bang Bang" was released on May 27, YG Entertainment producer Yang Hyun-suk commented that the song was "the most powerful music you have ever heard before." The second poster was released for "We Like 2 Party" a day later. The music video was shot on Jeju Island on May 19. The single could be pre-ordered from May 27 to June 1, consisting of 4 tracks (two new songs and two previous ones) and two instrumental tracks. It was released worldwide through iTunes, and other online music portals on June 1. There are two different versions of the album, one contains only a CD and a booklet (24p) while the other one contains a CD, a booklet (24p) and a special kit (a random puzzle ticket, 5 photo cards and a limited photo card) with a poster. ==Commercial performance== A entered the Gaon Album Chart at number three, and peaked at number two the third week of release. The album peaked at number three on the monthly chart in June, selling 93,504 copies. In Taiwan, it charted at number 6. According to QQ Music, the pre-orders for the album in China reached 1 million, in the first 12 hours the single sold 200,000 copies. After two weeks the album sold over 400,000 digital copies, breaking the record for foreign album sold on QQ Music, they also dominated the chart by having four songs on the top 6. As of March 2017, the album has sold over 800,000 copies on QQ Music, making it one of the best-selling digital albums in Chinese history. ==Reception== The singles received positive reviews from the fans, public and critics. In less than two months, the music videos gained over 60 million views on YouTube. ==Promotion== After previewing both songs during their Made Tour in Guangzhou, China, BigBang participated in Yoo Hee-yeol's Sketchbook on May 30, 2015. The members held a live podcast for the album, an hour before its release via Naver Starcast online, the live chat gathered more than 400,000 viewers. BigBang had their first official comeback on June 4 installment of Mnet's M Countdown. On June 1, "Bang Bang Bang" was delayed on being registered in the voting system for 41 hours on SBS's Inkigayo, which led to SHINee's "View" winning, despite "Bang Bang Bang" being on the top of the charts, which led to a storm of complaints from the fans. The problem with SBS continued, On June 14, it was announced that BigBang is banned from appearing on Inkigayo, according to SBS the reason was that G-Dragon and T.O.P didn't appear on the show when BigBang won the first place on May 24, only three members were able to show. YG representative said the members didn't show up due to the shooting of a music video. The winners of the show on June 14 was not announced on the same day, the results came the next day, the winner was BigBang. BigBang stopped promoting the single afterwards and also didn't promote the next single album D. == Track listing == ==Charts== === Weekly charts === Chart (2015) Peak position South Korean Albums (Gaon) 2 Taiwanese Albums (G-Music) 6 === Year- end charts === Chart (2015) Position South Korean Albums (Gaon) 22 ===Sales=== Chart Sales South Korea (Gaon) 102,493 ==Release history== Region Date Format Label Worldwide June 1, 2015 Digital download YG South Korea June 1, 2015 Digital download YG South Korea June 2, 2015 CD Taiwan June 9, 2015 CD Warner Music Taiwan Japan June 17, 2015 Digital download YGEX ==References== ==External links== * * *Big Bang Official Website Category:BigBang (South Korean band) albums Category:2015 albums Category:YG Entertainment albums Category:Avex Group albums Category:Korean-language albums Category:Single albums Category:Albums produced by Teddy Park Category:Albums produced by G-Dragon

A + No Poder (English: "To the Max") is the fourteenth studio album by Mexican recording artist Alejandra Guzmán. It was released on September 11, 2015, by Sony Music Latin. After the success of her previous live album, Primera Fila (2013) and its promotional tour, Guzmán recorded the album with original songs, composed and produced by her and Argentinian musician José Luis Pagán. After its release, A + No Poder received favorable reviews from music critics, with one expressing appreciation for the balance between ballads and rock songs. The record peaked at number twelve on the US Billboard Latin Pop Albums and number six in Mexico. To promote the album, three singles were released: "Adiós" featuring reggaeton performer Farruko, which peaked at number 26 on the Billboard Latin Pop Songs chart, "Qué Ironía" and "Esta Noche". ==Background== In 2013, Alejandra Guzmán released her fourth live album titled Primera Fila, selling 90,000 units in Mexico and launching the "La Guzman 1F Tour", which included dates in cities of the United States such as Los Angeles, Las Vegas, Houston, Miami and also Puerto Rico. Two years later, Guzmán entered the recording studio to record A + No Poder, which would become her first studio album in over five years. The album's songs were written by Guzmán and Argentinian musician José Luis Pagán. The singer stated that the album "reflects maturity and growth that has also regains my rock essence since I was pigeonholed as a balladeer but not at all, that is what I am." A + No Poder is Guzmán's first studio album since Único (2009), a critically acclaimed effort that was commercial unsuccessful due to lack of promotion, according to Ángel Rodríguez of ADN Informativo. ==Content== A + No Poder is dedicated to Guzmán's daughter Frida Sofia.Alejandra Guzmán, A + No Poder (Liner Notes). Sony Music. (2015) The album includes twelve tracks: eleven written by Guzmán and Pagán, with additional writers for three of them. "Adiós" was co-written by Carlos Efrén Reyes, "Esta Noche" was co-written by Karenka and Reyli Barba, and "A Más No Poder" was co-written Sarah Lenore. Another track, "Una Canción de Amor", was entirely written by Argentinean singer-songwriter Alejandro Lerner. "Adiós" features Puerto-Rican reggaeton performer Farruko. "Te Esperaré" is a ballad, and "Malvada", a story about a femme fatale, has country music undertones with a harmonica that resembles Mexican band El Tri. "Malvada" and "This is Too Much Rock and Roll" are rock songs, with the latter reminds of Soy, an album released by the singer in 2001. "Esta Noche" is a pop/funk track with reggae influences. "A Más No Poder" has sexual connotations in its lyrics and as stated by Ángel Rodríguez of ADN Informativo, "brings back memories when Guzmán was produced by Miguel Blasco in the 90's". "Mi Debilidad" is a pop/rock song, while "No Puedo Parar" is a heavy metal track. "Qué Ironía" is a rock ballad that recalls Guzmán greatest hits such as "Mi Peor Error". About the songs included, Guzmán stated to Tabasco Hoy: "In recent years I experienced many good and bad things, so I thought, why not transform them into songs. And so it began to take shape this new album, which I think is more intelligent, mature and planned than my previous work". ==Reception== ===Critical reception=== The album was met with positive reviews by music critics. Fabiola Hinojosa, of Televisa Espectáculos stated that the album "shows that despite being a rocker at heart, she has no problem recording in another genre and experiment[ing] with new rhythms." Hinojosa also praised the rock song "No Puedo Parar", arguing that "if someone who never before had heard another song from her would believe that she [Guzmán] only performs in the rock genre". Ángel Rodríguez of ADN Informativo said that "Guzmán is back and wants to reclaim her place on the music market." Rodríguez also reminded that Guzmán keeps trying to incorporate new or alternative rhythms to her music even if the results are not commercially successful, such as her albums Cambio de Piel (1996) produced by Spanish musician Carlos Narea, or Lipstick (2004), helmed by American artist Desmond Child, and A + No Poder is no exception, since the "Queen of Rock in Mexico" includes songs that "hark back to the era of the nineties, but so potentiated with harder songs where the guitars, drums and her hoarse voice come together in musical chords." Alex Alexdy of Hey Espectáculos referred to this album as a "well balance between rock and pop" that shows Guzmán's excentric side who opted for a rock album with some ballads and new rhythms such as reggaeton. ===Commercial reception=== A + No Poder peaked at number 12 in the Billboard Latin Pop Albums component chart in the United States, one of her worst placements in the chart, only Lipstick (2004) and Fuerza (2007) have reached lower numbers, at 15 and 16, respectively. In Mexico, the album peaked at number six in the Mexican Albums Chart. ==Singles== To promote the album, Guzmán released three singles. Lead single "Adiós" was released on June 5, 2015, and features guest vocals from Farruko. The track peaked at number 26 in the Billboard Latin Pop Songs and 17 in the Latin Rhythm Airplay charts, respectively, in the United States and at 15 on the Mexican Espanol Airplay chart. According to Alex Alexdy of Hey Espectáculos, the song was not a success since it is not good enough to compete with other 'reggaeton' songs and "it is far from the ballads that are surefire hits for Guzmán." The music video for the second single, "Qué Ironía", was filmed on Iceland and released on September 12, 2015. To further promote the album, the track "Esta Noche" was used as the main theme of the Mexican TV show Parodiando: Noches de Traje, and was later released as the third single on May 27, 2016, with a music video filmed on Campeche, Mexico. ==Track listing== == Credits == Credits adapted from AllMusic. *Robert Arthur – acoustic guitar *Gustavo Borner – mastering, mixing *Pat Coil – Hammond organ *Farruko – featured artist *Manny Galvez – assistant engineer *Alejandra Guzmán – direction, primary artist, realization *Brendan Harkin – recording *Jim Hoke – harmonica *Chris Latham – recording *Matt Laug – drums *Sarah Lenore – background vocals *Guillermo Gutiérrez Leyva – A&R; *Chris McDonald – string arrangements *Teddy Mulet – trombone, trumpet *Craig Nelson – upright bass *Quique Ollervides – artist, design *Azucena Olvera – A&R; *José Luis Pagán – arrangement, bass, background vocals, direction, acoustic guitar, electric guitar, keyboard programming, production, recording, string arrangements *Saverio Principini – bass guitar, recording *Gabriel Saientz – piano *Doug Sarrett – recording *Marco Sonzini – recording *Sharo Torres – keyboards, recording, rhythm programming *Kameron Williams – MC ==Charts== ===Weekly charts=== Chart (2015) Peak position Mexican Albums Chart (AMPROFON) 6 ===Year-end charts=== Chart (2015) Position Mexican Albums Chart 93 ==References== Category:2015 albums Category:Alejandra Guzmán albums Category:RCA Records albums Category:Sony Music albums Category:Spanish-language albums

The Ensemble À Deux Violes Esgales, stylized on their website as A 2 Violes Esgales,A 2 ViolesVdGSA news Viola da Gamba Society of America, Viola da Gamba Society of America - 1998 The First evening was occasion for a concert by the three professors: violists Jonathan Dunford and Sylvia Abramowicz (of the ensemble A Deux Violes Esgales) and lutenist Claire Antonini. was formed in 1984 by the gambists Sylvia Abramowicz and Jonathan Dunford. The group has recorded a dozen albums mostly for Accord, Universal Music France. Based in Paris they tour the world with varied programs from recitals to a larger group with singers. The ensemble takes its name from the manuscript now known as the Concerts à Deux Violes Esgales du Sieur de Sainte ColombeParis: Société Française de Musicologie, 1998 which bears the inscription A 2 Violes Esgales, is the name given to a 17th-century manuscript of music for two bass viola da gambas by Monsieur de Sainte-Colombe found in Alfred Cortot's music library that was transferred to the Bibliothèque Nationale in the 1960s. The book contains music by Lully and 67 . Sainte Colombe's music was brought to public attention by the film Tous les matins du monde by Alain Corneau in 1991, but the pioneer recordings of his music by Jordi Savall and Wieland Kujiken brought the music to the attention of Alain Corneau and music enthusiasts in general. ==Selected discography== * Marin Marais suites, 2CD, Ensemble a Deux Violes Esgales, Accord 2006. ==References== Category:Early music groups Category:Musical groups established in 1984 Category:1984 establishments in France Category:Musical groups from Paris

A 20th Century Chocolate Cake is a Canadian comedy docufiction film, directed by Lois Siegel and released in 1983."A slice of life served with fiction". The Globe and Mail, July 16, 1983. The film stars Greg Van Riel and Charles Fisch Jr. as Greg and Charles, two young men in Montreal who are trying to find creative fulfillment in their professional lives. Greg pursues work as a freelance writer of human interest journalism, while the openly gay Charles takes a job as a dancer in a gay bar."Lois Siegel's A 20th Century Chocolate Cake". Cinema Canada, July/August 1983. The film was an expansion of an earlier short film, Recipe to Cook a Clown, which Siegel, Van Riel, and Fisch had made together in the 1970s."The baking of a chocolate cake". Cinema Canada, June 1983. Due to budgetary limitations, the film took over three years to make, went through a dozen different cinematographers, and was shot predominantly on stray ends of donated film from other film projects. André Vincelli received Genie Award nominations for Best Original Score and Best Original Song at the 5th Genie Awards in 1984."11 nominations for Chapdelaine in Genie race". The Globe and Mail, February 10, 1984. == References == == External links == * Category:1983 films Category:Canadian comedy films Category:Canadian docufiction films Category:Canadian LGBT-related films Category:LGBT-related comedy films Category:1983 LGBT-related films Category:English-language Canadian films Category:Films set in Montreal Category:Films shot in Montreal Category:1980s English-language films Category:1980s Canadian films

A 250 Years Old Person () is a book by Ali Khamenei, Supreme Leader of the Islamic Republic of Iran. It is a collection of his lectures on the political combats and struggles of Shia Imams. This book consists of 17 chapters. ==Author== Ali Khamenei is the Supreme Leader of the Islamic Republic of Iran since 1989 after serving as president from 1981 until 1988. He was born in April 1939 in Mashhad, Iran. He studied Islamic courses at Qom under the dominant Shia Islam Marja' and scholars such as Ruhollah Khomeini, founder of the Iranian Revolution. ==Content== A 250 Years Old Person is the collection of lectures and writings of the Ali Khamenei. It consists of 17 chapters. It starts with the life of Mohammad and ends with Hasan al-Askari, 11th Imam of Shia. The first three chapters are about the social and political situation of the Islamic Community, from the Day of Ashura to the spiritual leadership of Ja'far al-Sadiq. The main concepts of the book are the lifestyle of Imams and their aims in life. The period of 250 years is applied to the tenth lunar Hijri year (631 CE) until the Minor Occultation (874 CE). According to this book, Mohammad the prophet and the twelve Imams apparently had various methodologies in their lifestyles, but in whole they tried to reach one aim. ==Translation== According to the Tasnim News Agency, Ahl Al-Bayt World Assembly stated that the text has been published for the second time in the United States. It has also been translated into French and Swahili. In March 2015, the book was translated into Urdu in Karachi by "Khana Farhang Iran". ==See also== * Ahl al-Bayt * Early social changes under Islam * To the Youth in Europe and North America (Letter) * Letter4u (twitter hashtag) * Khamenei's fatwa against nuclear weapon * Palestine (2011 book) * Islamic Government: Governance of the Jurist * Tahrir al-Wasilah * The Unveiling of Secrets * Works of Seyyed Ali Khamenei * Ruhe-Tawhid, Nafye Obudiate GheireKhoda (book) ==References== ==External links== * Full text of the book Category:Iranian books Category:Ali Khamenei Category:2014 non-fiction books Category:Shia Islam

A 25–Year Celebration Tour was the twenty-fifth concert tour by Santana in 1991, celebrating their 25th anniversary as a band. == Tour band == * Alex Ligertwood – lead vocals, rhythm guitar (through April) * Tony Lindsay – lead vocals (beginning April) * Carlos Santana – lead guitar, percussion, vocals * Chester D. Thompson – keyboards * Benny Rietveld – bass guitar * Walfredo Reyes Jr. – drums (through April) * Gaylord Birch – drums (from April to June) * Billy Johnson – drums (beginning June) * Raul Rekow – congas, bongos, percussion, vocals * Karl Perazzo – timbales, percussion, vocals (beginning April) == Set list == The tour began on January 19 at the Rock in Rio II festival within the Maracanã Stadium in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil and ended on November 3 at a Bill Graham memorial concert at the Polo Fields in San Francisco, California. This is an average set list of this tour: # "Mandela" (Armando Peraza) # "It's a Jungle Out There" (Carlos Santana) # "Somewhere in Heaven" (Alex Ligertwood, Santana) # "Life Is for Living" (Pat Sefolosha) # "Batuka" (José Areas, David Brown, Michael Carabello, Gregg Rolie, Michael Shrieve) # "No One to Depend On" (Carabello, Coke Escovedo, Rolie, Willie Bobo, Melvin Lastie) # "We Don't Have to Wait" (Santana, Armando Peraza, Thompson) # "Black Magic Woman" (Peter Green) # "Gypsy Queen" (Gábor Szabó) # "Oye Como Va" (Tito Puente) # "Right On" (Marvin Gaye, Earl DeRouen) # "Peace on Earth...Mother Earth...Third Stone from the Sun" (John Coltrane, Santana, Jimi Hendrix) # "Save the Children" (Bobby Womack) # "Savor" (Areas, Brown, Carabello, Rolie, Santana, Shrieve) # "Blues for Salvador" (Santana, Chester D. Thompson) # "Europa (Earth's Cry Heaven's Smile)" (Tom Coster, Santana) ;Encore # * "Jin-go-lo-ba" (Babatunde Olatunji) == Tour dates == === Brazilian leg (January 19–24) === List of tour dates with date, city, country, venue Date (1991) City Country Venue January 19 Rio de Janeiro Brazil Estádio Jornalista Mário Filho January 24 === U.S. leg (April 27 – May 11) === List of tour dates with date, city, country, venue Date (1991) City Country Venue April 27 Las Vegas United States Sam Boyd Silver Bowl April 28 April 30 San Francisco Warfield Theatre May 1 May 10 Honolulu Waikiki Shell May 11 Lahaina Royal Lahaina Tennis Stadium === Japan leg (May 15–22) === List of tour dates with date, city, country, venue Date (1991) City Country Venue May 15 Osaka Japan Festival Hall May 17 Fukuoka Fukuoka Sunpalace May 18 Amagasaki Amagasaki-shi Sougou Bunka Center May 19 Nagoya Nagoya Civic Assembly Hall May 21 Tokyo Nippon Budokan May 22 Yokohama Kanagawa Kenmin Hall === U.S. leg (May 25–26) === List of tour dates with date, city, country, venue Date (1991) City Country Venue May 25 George United States Champs de Brionne Music Theatre May 26 Portland Portland Civic Auditorium === Aruban show (June 16) === List of tour dates with date, city, country, venue Date (1991) City Country Venue June 16 Oranjestad Aruba Don Elias Mansur Ballpark === North American leg (June 20–28) === List of tour dates with date, city, country, venue Date (1991) City Country Venue June 20 Los Angeles United States Greek Theatre June 21 June 22 June 25 Mexico City Mexico Palacio de los Deportes June 26 June 28 Denver United States Mile High Stadium === European leg (July 7–27) === List of tour dates with date, city, country, venue Date (1991) City Country Venue July 7 Paris France Zénith de Paris July 9 Athens Greece Apostolos Nikolaidis Stadium July 10 London England Wembley Arena July 12 Aschaffenburg Germany Unterfrankenhalle July 13 Leysin Switzerland Place des Feuilles July 14 Landshut Germany ETSV Sporthalle July 15 Vienna Austria Praterstadion July 17 Cologne Germany Tanzbrunnen July 18 Hamburg Freilichtbühne July 19 Aalborg Denmark Provstejorden July 20 Copenhagen Valby Idrætspark July 21 Odense Odense University July 23 Vienne France Théâtre Antique July 24 Juan-les-Pins La Pinède Gould July 25 San Sebastián Spain Velódromo de Anoeta July 27 Lisbon Portugal Estádio José Alvalade === North American leg (August 30 – November 3) === List of tour dates with date, city, country, venue Date (1991) City Country Venue August 30 Santa Fe United States Paolo Soleri Amphitheater August 31 (2 shows) September 1 Tucson Pima County Fairgrounds September 2 Mesa Mesa Amphitheatre September 4 Burbank Starlight Bowl September 6 Costa Mesa Pacific Amphitheatre September 7 Santa Barbara Santa Barbara Bowl September 8 Berkeley William Randolph Hearst Greek Theatre September 25 Houston Ripley House September 26 Detroit Fox Theatre September 27 Toronto Canada Massey Hall September 28 Syracuse United States Carrier Dome October 1 Springfield Springfield Civic Center October 2 Burlington Burlington Memorial Auditorium October 4 New York City Paramount Theater October 5 Palladium October 6 Philadelphia Fairmount Park October 30 Mill Valley Sweetwater November 3 San Francisco Polo Fields == Box office score data == List of box office score data with date, city, venue, attendance, gross, references Date (1991) City Venue Attendance Gross April 27 Las Vegas, United States Sam Boyd Silver Bowl 79,000 / 79,000 $1,856,500 April 28 June 20 Los Angeles, United States Greek Theatre 17,123 / 17,532 $394,379 June 21 June 22 September 28 Syracuse, United States Carrier Dome 25,000 / 25,000 $562,500 TOTAL 121,123 / 121,532 (99%) $2,813,379 == Notes == == References == == External links == * Santana Past Shows 1991 at Santana official website Category:Santana (band) concert tours Category:1991 concert tours Category:Concert tours of North America Category:Concert tours of South America Category:Concert tours of Europe Category:Concert tours of Japan

A 29-Cent Robbery is a 1910 American silent short drama produced by the Thanhouser Company. The film features the debut of Marie Eline in the main role as Edna Robinson, a young girl who foils an attempt by a robbery to loot her family's home. All the thief manages to take is her toy bank, containing 29 cents. Edna ends up taking it upon herself to catch the thief after the police fail in the task. It was reviewed positively by critics and was viewed across the United States. The film was the first split-reel by Thanhouser, containing this short and The Old Shoe Came Back on a single reel. == Plot == A thief sneaks into the Robinson home with the intention of looting it. He is discovered by a young girl, Edna Robinson, and flees taking only her toy bank containing the paltry sum of 29 cents USD, . She is so upset about the theft of her bank that the parents decide to inform the police. They go to the police station and report the robbery, but the police laugh at them. The parents go home and inform Edna that the police will not do anything, which makes her all the more determined. So Edna goes to the police station by herself and informs the police captain of the robbery and its details. He assigns his officers to work on the case and they arrest several men carrying toy banks. They ask Edna to identify the robber, but she says he is not present. The police set the men free and Edna decides to take the task upon herself. So she gets a police whistle and starts investigating on her own, eventually finding the thief. == Cast == *Marie Eline as Edna Robinson *Grace Eline == Production == The director of the film is not known for certain, but two Thanhouser directors are possible. Barry O'Neil was the stage name of Thomas J. McCarthy, who would direct many important Thanhouser pictures, including its first two-reeler, Romeo and Juliet. Lloyd B. Carleton was the stage name of Carleton B. Little, a director who would stay with the Thanhouser Company for a short time, moving to Biograph Company by the summer of 1910. The American Film Institute credits Barry O'Neil as the director. Film historian Q. David Bowers does not attribute either as the director for this particular production, but he does credit Blair Smith as the cameraman. The film was the debut of Marie Eline, soon to be known and famous as the "Thanhouser Kid". Her older sister, Grace Eline, later recalled being in this Thanhouser production. Grace Eline did not become an official member of the Thanhouser company until 1913. ==Release and reception == The one reel drama, approximately , was released on Friday April 15, 1910. Another short, The Old Shoe Came Back was also included on the reel, making it a split-reel. It was also the first split reel release from the Thanhouser Company. This release was the first Friday release of the Thanhouser company, switching from its Tuesday weekly release. According to an advertisement in the Moving Picture News, the weekly release dates were changed at the request of exhibitors. The film received favorable reviews by critics. The Morning Telegraph said the story was too far-fetched to be believable, but it was done in an amusing way. The Moving Picture World stated that the acting and camerawork was satisfactory. The film was advertised in numerous states, sometimes as a comedy, by theaters in Indiana, Kansas, New York, and Pennsylvania. ==See also== * List of American films of 1910 ==References== Category:1910 films Category:1910 drama films Category:American silent short films Category:American black-and-white films Category:Thanhouser Company films Category:Silent American drama films Category:1910 short films Category:1910s American films Category:American drama short films Category:1910s English- language films

A 2nd Hand Lover is a 2015 Indian Kannada language romance film directed by Raghav Marasur (Raghava Loki). It stars Ajay Rao, Pranitha Subhash and Anisha Ambrose. The film is about the life of a rock star. The core plot of the movie was loosely based on the 2004 South Korean movie 100 Days with Mr. Arrogant. ==Plot== An aspiring rockstar with his own band, Ajai (Ajay Rao) comes to Bangalore from his town. He aspires to make it big in the rock music industry. At the same time, he nurses his broken heart for losing his girlfriend (Pranitha) in an accident. He prepares his band to perform in a competition held in Bangalore. He meets Anjali (Anisha), a college student who breaks his car's side view mirror, by accident while traveling. Following several similar encounters, Anjali eventually develops feelings for Ajai. But Ajai, having a sad past of lost love, is reluctant to reciprocate his love for Anjali. The rest of the plot is about how Anjali wins over Ajai. ==Cast== ==Reception== The film received moderated positive reviews. Times of India gave 2.5 stars out of 5 and stated, "The film could have been a clincher, for it has all the elements of a family drama, had it been shorter. Though, watch it once, if you must." ==Soundtrack== Gurukiran composed the film's background score and music for its soundtrack. The soundtrack album was released on 29 May 2015 and consists of six tracks. ==References== ==External links== * * Category:2010s romantic musical films Category:Indian rock music films Category:Indian romantic musical films Category:Films scored by Gurukiran Category:2010s Kannada-language films Category:Indian remakes of South Korean films

A 3 Minute Hug is a 2019 documentary film directed and written by Everardo González. The premise revolves around the event that took place in May 2018 when the event “Hugs Not Walls” took place, organized by the Border Network For Human Rights. On this event, people from both sides of a dry embankment along the Rio Grande who are usually separated get a few minutes to reunite. ==Release== A 3 Minute Hug was released on October 28, 2019, on Netflix. ==References== ==External links== * * Category:2019 documentary films Category:2019 films Category:Netflix original documentary films

A 4 App is a live album by American recording artist Anastacia. It has been released on December 16, 2016 through the PledgeMusic website by Sony Music. The album features a collection of non-album singles, B-Sides and unreleased tracks that were performed live during the Ultimate Collection Tour in 2016. As part of the tour, Anastacia wanted her fans to choose which songs they'd like to hear (besides tracks already featured on the Ultimate Collection). The Anastacia App allowed her fans to vote for a particular song 24 hours prior to each concert. The most popular song each night was then added to the setlist and recorded for the album. ==Background== In September 2016, it was announced on PledgeMusic website that a new album would be released and that the fans could pre-order it in a signed version. 2 weeks later (October 31), the singer announced that the album would in fact be a live album with the tracks the fans voted on the Anastacia App. On a Facebook Live Q&A;, the singer also said the album cover would be designed by a fan. ==Track listing== ==Release history== Region Date Format(s) Label Various December 16, 2016 CD Sony Music December 23, 2016 Digital download ==References== Category:2016 live albums Category:Anastacia albums

A 44-Calibre Mystery is a 1917 American short Western film, featuring Harry Carey. Carey plays the role of Sheriff Cheyenne Harry. He saves Kitty Flanders from Pete McGuire and takes her safely home. McGuire hides in a shack on Mr. Flanders' stake and Harry's deputy is shot dead, apparently by Mr. Flanders. McGuire offers to keep quiet about the murder if Flanders gives him half a stake and his daughter's hand in marriage. Mr. Flanders confesses his crime to Sheriff Harry and learns that he is innocent. Sheriff Harry notices McGuire's gun and accuses him of the crime, but they are killed as they try to escape. The film concludes as Kitty Flanders confesses her love to Sheriff Cheyenne as she bandages his wounds from the fight. Originally released in 1917, the film was later revised and re-titled as Sure-Shot Morgan and possibly released in 1919, and also re-released under both names in 1922. The film garnered little critic attention and the first summary of the film came from the two-reel revised release with a positive review. The film was directed by Fred Kelsey and released by Universal Film Manufacturing Company. The film's status is unknown. ==Plot== Set in the town of Driftwood, the film begins when Pete McGuire, known by the alias "Lone Jack" arrives in town and molests Kitty Flanders. Sheriff Cheyenne Harry intervenes and knocks down McGuire and takes Kitty Flanders to her home. McGuire becomes aware that Sheriff Harry's deputy, Horton, is out to arrest him and McGuire hides out on a shack on Flanders' claim. Horton is later killed, apparently by Mr. Flanders, and McGuire offers to keep quiet in exchange that he gives him half a stake in the claim and have Kitty Flanders marry him. Later, Sheriff Harry learns that Horton was killed by a 44-Calibre round. Mr. Flanders confesses to Sheriff Harry that he shot and killed Horton, but the sheriff points out that his gun was of a different size. Sheriff Harry notices that McGuire's gun is a 44-Calibre and accuses him of killing Horton. McGuire and an accomplice attempt to escape, but are killed by the Sheriff in a fight. Kitty Flanders confesses her love to Sheriff Cheyenne as she bandages his wounds. ==Cast== * Harry Carey as Sheriff Cheyenne Harry * Claire Du Brey as Kitty Flanders * Hoot Gibson * Frank MacQuarrie * Vester Pegg * William Steele credited as William Gettinger (Bill Gettinger) * Maude Emory ==Production and release== The screen story originates from T. Shelley Sutton and was adapted to the scenario by Charles J. Wilson. However, Exhibitor's Trade Review states that while Shelley Sutton wrote the film, the scenario was instead adapted by F. A. Meredith. The film was directed by Fred Kelsey. The Universal Film Manufacturing Company released the film on May 22, 1917, using the standard 35 mm spherical 1.37:1 format. The three reel film was marketed by Universal under the "Gold Seal" label and was advertised as a higher quality work that had a higher cost than other productions in return for bolstering the returns of a weak feature or show by drawing additional patrons. The Silent Film Era website states that this film was edited down to two-reels and was re-released as Sure-Shot Morgan on September 4, 1922, and/or October 28, 1922. The April 1923 Motion Picture News Booking Guide states that Sure-Shot Morgan was released on September 4, 1922. However, an earlier reference exists for Sure-Shot Morgan as a Universal Special Attraction released on February 1, 1919. This mention also includes the note that the film was already in a two-reel state and stars Harry Carey. A newspaper record for a "Sure-Shot Morgan" appears on February 1, 1919, in The Wichita Daily Eagle, but lacks further details. The next mention in a newspaper is in The Wilmington Morning Star on February 8, 1919, and attributes the star of Sure-Shot Morgan as Neal Burns and in another ad on the same page as Neal Hart. Despite the conflicting information, the next newspaper mentions of Sure-Shot Morgan occurs after the 1922 release date and notes again that Harry Carey stars in the film. The revision down to two reels was kept for the re-release of A 44-Calibre Mystery. The film did not receive a much attention and the first summary of the plot occurred after its revision. Critical reception of the film and its analysis was scarce in publications. In 1922, the Exhibitors Trade Review said the two-reel reissue of A 44-Calibre Mystery is "good in spite of or perhaps because of the fact that it really is 'wild and wooley' as well." The original 1917 production was also said to be popular with fans of western melodramas. The film's status is unknown, but it is presumably among the 90% of all American silent films that are lost. ==See also== * Harry Carey filmography * Hoot Gibson filmography ==Notes== ==References== ==External links== * Category:1917 films Category:1917 Western (genre) films Category:1917 short films Category:American silent short films Category:American black-and-white films Category:Films directed by Fred Kelsey Category:Silent American Western (genre) films Category:Universal Pictures short films Category:1910s American films Category:1910s English-language films

A A Dhand (Amit Dhand) is a British-Asian crime-writer. His recent books are set in the West Yorkshire city of Bradford, a former industrial city very much a shadow of its former self and rife with social deprivation, crime and complex inter-communal challenges. ==Background== Raised in Bradford and the son of an immigrant corner shop owner. He attended the prestigious Fulneck Boarding School in Leeds (of which features in his novels). He originally trained as a pharmacist and worked in London, but returned to his home town to start a pharmacy business and write books. He is now a regular contributor to a number of British Asian and crime writers' fora. ==Writing== Dhand's first novel featured a character Ranjit Singh and is set against the Partition of India and Pakistan in 1947; but it has been his more recent novels that have won him critical acclaim. These have featured the Bradford-based police detective Harry Virdee, a progressive British Sikh who struggles with his cultural identity and family loyalties. Race, violence and exploitation are on the agenda in the Virdee novels, and Dhand has not shied away from controversial issues of tension between British Asian communities and the controversy over such issues as the 'grooming' of vulnerable females by organised gangs of men. Dhand is fairly unique as he sets his protagonists (who are shaped by Asian culture) in a British setting. His novel Streets of Darkness is being developed as a TV drama. ==Bibliography== * Fields of Blood (2015) (featuring character Ranjit Singh) * Streets of Darkness (Bantam Press - 16 June 2016) (featuring character Harry Virdee) * Girl Zero (Bantam Press - 13 July 2017) (featuring character Harry Virdee) * City of Sinners (Bantam Press - 28 June 2018) (featuring character Harry Virdee) * One Way Out (Bantam Press - 27 June 2019) (featuring character Harry Virdee) ==References== ==External links== *A A Dhand’s Website * *Penguin Authors *A A Dhand Blog and Photography Category:Year of birth missing (living people) Category:Living people Category:English crime fiction writers Category:English thriller writers Category:English male novelists Category:Writers from Bradford

Adv. A. A. Rahim is a leader of the Communist Party of India (Marxist) and member of Rajya Sabha from Kerala. He is also serving as the All India president of the Democratic Youth Federation of India. ==References== Category:Rajya Sabha members from Kerala Category:Communist Party of India (Marxist) politicians from Kerala Category:Living people Category:Year of birth missing (living people)

A Aa is a 2016 Indian Telugu-language romantic comedy family film written and directed by Trivikram Srinivas and produced by S. Radha Krishna under Haarika & Hassine Creations. The film stars Nithiin, Samantha and Anupama Parameswaran. Mickey J Meyer composed the score and soundtrack. The film is loosely based on the novel Meena written by Yaddanapudi Sulochana Rani, which has earlier been adapted into the 1973 film Meena by Vijaya Nirmala, starring Krishna. The plot follows Anasuya Ramalingam, daughter of Mahalakshmi, a rich and strict businesswoman, who falls in love with her cousin, Anand, an ex-chef when she is sent to visit her aunt in a village. Launched officially in September 2015, the film's principal photography took place in October 2015 and ended in April 2016. The film was released on 2 June 2016, after multiple postponements. Samantha won several accolades including a Best Actress award at the 64th Filmfare Awards South and Best Performance in a Leading Role at the 2nd IIFA Utsavam Awards, for her portrayal as Anasuya Ramalingam. The film was successful at the box office, and stood as the eighth highest-grossing Telugu film of 2016. ==Plot== A Aa revolves around the lives of 23-year-old Anasuya Ramalingam and Anand Vihari and their families. Anand, a former chef, runs an e-foods business in Hyderabad. He belongs to a middle-class family with responsibilities to fulfill, like getting his sister Bhanumathi married and paying off debts (his father is dead). Anasuya is the daughter of a rich and strict mother named Mahalakshmi. Anasuya has never really got along with her mother, while being very close to her father, Ramalingam, who doesn't talk much against Mahalakshmi. When her mother goes on a business trip, her father Ramalingam sends her to visit her extended family in Kalavapudi village near Vijayawada to avoid a matchmaking for her. On the train ride there, she meets her cousin Aanand, whom her father asked to accompany her back to his home. While she happily discovers the joy of being at her maternal uncle's house in Kalavapudi, she and Anand playfully butt heads through a series of comical situations. But she also discovers that Anand is being coerced into to marrying a girl in the village, Nagavalli, due to Aanand's family being in debt to Nagavalli's father, Pallam Venkanna, and Nagavalli loving Anand. Anand is not interested, but unable to turn down the proposal from Nagavalli's father, he keeps deferring it using his sister Bhanu's marriage as an excuse. One day when Nagavalli comes to their house, she takes an instant disliking to Anasuya upon learning she is Anand's cousin. Anasuya decides to frustrate her further by acting close with Anand in front of her. An irked Nagavalli gets her father to call Anasuya's father and threatens to inform Mahalakshmi that Anasuya is currently in Kalavupudi. There is some backstory as to why Mahalakshmi doesn't like her brother's family - which is revealed later. Ramalingam resolves the situation, but Mahalakshmi's secretary eavesdropped on the phone call and decides to call her anyway. Ramalingam maintains his calm but quickly calls Anand and asks him to bring Anasuya back to the city before Mahalakshmi returns from Chennai. Aanand manages to convince Nagavalli to lend him a jeep, which she agrees to only because Anasuya is leaving the village, and gets her back home before her mother returns. Back at home, Anasuya now realises her love for Anand. However, Mahalakshmi has already arranged her marriage with a rich guy named Shekhar, which got intentionally canceled by Ramalingam in Anasuya's favor without revealing their identity. She defers meeting him twice, but eventually is forced to meet at a golf course. There, she accidentally hits the ball straight in his face and also injures the caddie. When Anu takes Shekar to the hospital, she runs into Anand and Bhanu. He reveals that his mother has been hospitalized after Pallam Venkanna ridiculed their family status and Bhanu's lack of marriage prospects in an attempt to make it seem like he was doing them a favour by allowing Anand to marry his daughter. Although Anasuya is happy to see Anand and Bhanu, she is saddened by this news. To make matters worse, she sees that Nagavalli and her father are also at the hospital. She then asks Anand if Bhanu can stay with her at her family's place as they became close friends during her time in Kalavupudi. Anand agrees but gives permission for only for a day. Anasuya brings her home and reveals to Mahalakshmi that Bhanu is Anand's sister. Mahalakshmi initially refuses to let Bhanu in but agrees later. She reveals that she had taken a loan from Anand's father(Mahalakshmi's brother), Krishnamoorthy, for business, and when she came to return the money, they had refused and closed the door on her face because Anand's father died. She warns Anasuya to be careful with Bhanu. Later that night Bhanu sees Shekhar's photo and says that he is good-looking. Anasuya again gets an idea, and next day, takes her to a mall and makes a deal with Bhanu. Bhanu had Anasuya help her ruin a proposal that came while she was staying with her, so now Anasuya says Bhanu owes her the same favour. As this plan unfolds, Shekar starts to fall in love with Bhanu. At one point, Shekar's grandfather mistakes Bhanu for Anasuya and even he agrees for their marriage. In the meantime, Anasuya finally confesses her feelings to Anand. But he reveals that Mahalakshmi delaying and then refusing to return the money she borrowed from his father all those years ago, was the reason for his father's death. Krishnamoorthy's properties and wealth that he had put as collateral for Mahalakshmi's business came up for auction after 4 years (Mahalakshmi promised to give it back in 2 years) and when he asked Mahalakshmi to give back the money, she refused and cited that it's not the end of the world for him if their ancestral land got auctioned off. Unable to take the humiliation in the village, Krishnamoorthy committed suicide before the auction took place, warning Anand in his suicide note to not sacrifice his happiness for other people's happiness. Anand also says Anasuya's father wasn't there for them when he was needed to stand up against her mother for what she was doing. He is unsure how both families will ever agree to their marriage. Mahalakshmi discovers that Shekhar loves Bhanu and not her daughter and locks her up. This angers Anasuya, who meets Anand and urges him to elope with her. He refuses, and this angers her more, and she starts walking aimlessly. She gets kidnapped by Pallam Venkanna's henchmen. Anand manages to save her, just in time for her engagement with Shekar and leaves with Bhanu. He reveals to Bhanu that he loves Anasuya, and she urges him to reveal the truth to Anasuya. He goes back to her engagement party and confesses his love, saying that he will keep her happy in any way she wants. Mahalakshmi demands Anand to let go of her daughter, but Anand confronts her for how she cheated his father out of the money she owed him. In the end, he leaves with Anasuya. When Anasuya and Anand reach his house, she is surprised to see her parents there. Her father reveals that as soon as Anasuya and Anand left, Mahalakshmi had a panic attack, but he managed to calm her down and get through to her about why they should let them be together. In the end, both families make amends for their past mistakes. Shekar also visits soon after to ask for Bhanu's hand in marriage. And lastly, Nagavalli seems to be coping with the fact that Anand isn't going to marry her...but she then says to her father that if the pair were to separate one day, Anand would return to her. == Cast == * Nithiin as Anand "Nandu" Vihari * Samantha Ruth Prabhu as Anasuya "Anu" Ramalingam * Ananya as Bhanumathi "Bhanu" Krishnamoorthy, Anand's sister * Anupama Parameswaran as Nagavalli "Valli" Venkanna's daughter, Anand's fiancée * Nadhiya as Mahalakshmi, Anu's mother * Naresh as Ramalingam, Anu's father * Rao Ramesh as Pallam Venkanna, Valli's father * Srinivas Avasarala as Shekar, Anu's former fiancée, and Bhanu's love interest * Easwari Rao as Kameshwari, Nandu's mother * Jayaprakash as Krishnamoorthy, Nandu's father * Hari Teja as Mangamma, Anu's househelp and personal assistant * Srinivasa Reddy as Gopal, Mahalakshmi's secretary * Ajay as Pallam Venkanna's son and Valli's brother * Posani Krishna Murali as Pallam Narayana, Pallam Venkanna's brother * Giri Babu as Banerjee, Shekar's grandfather * Shanoor Sana as Latha, Mahalakshmi's friend * Raghu Babu as Raghu, Latha's boyfriend * Praveen as Muthyam, Nandu's friend and labour * Shakalaka Shankar as Pratap, thief who wanted to steal in Nandu's house * Sri Sudha Bheemireddy as Anu's acting teacher * Annapoorna as Baby Mamma, an old woman in Nandu's village * Rajitha as Baby Mamma's relative * Karate Kalyani as Baby Mamma's relative * Heroshini Komali as Nandu's youngest sister * Chammak Chandra as Bhanu's former fiancée * Gundu Hanumantha Rao as Bhanu's former prospective father-in-law, (Chammak Chandra)'s father * Sivannarayana Naripeddi as a doctor ==Production== ===Development=== In August 2015, it was announced that Trivikram Srinivas will be directing a movie with Nithiin and Samantha, and S. Radha Krishna will produce the film under his banner Haarika & Haasine Creations. It was also announced that Anirudh Ravichander will compose music for the film, marking his Tollywood debut. On 10 September 2015, the makers announced the title of the film as A Aa, with the tagline Anasuya Ramalingam vs Anand Vihari, resembling the names of the two lead characters in the film. The film was launched on 24 September 2015, at Ramanaidu Studios in Nanakramguda, Hyderabad. ===Casting=== Samantha Ruth Prabhu makes her third collaboration with Trivikram Srinivas after Attarintiki Daredi (2013) and S/O Satyamurthy (2015). During mid September Anupama Parameswaran was confirmed to be a part of the film playing the second heroine. During Mid September, it was reported that Nadhiya will be playing a key role in this film. During Early October 2015, it was reported that Srinivas Avasarala was a part the film playing a key role. In early November it was reported that Ananya was selected to play the role of Nithiin's sister Bhanumathi. It was also reported that she had initially turned down the offer, but later accepted it after she realized the scope of her character. During Mid-January it was reported that Naresh will be a part of this film. It was also reported that he will be playing husband of Nadhiya. ===Crew=== Anirudh Ravichander was originally selected to compose the music for this film. However, he was later replaced by Mickey J Meyer, as he opted out of the project, due to his busy schedules with Tamil films. The cinematography was initially handled by Natarajan Subramaniam and was later taken over by Dudley, after the former left the project midway. Kotagiri Venkateswara Rao was confirmed as the film's editor, and Rajeevan was signed in to handle the production design, although he was replaced by A. S. Prakash as the art director during late November 2015. ===Filming=== The regular shooting of this film was expected to start on 10 October 2015, although the shooting of the film being delayed to 16 October. Samantha started shooting for this film on 21 October 2015, whereas on the same day, Nithiin filmed the fight sequences of the film, at the Ramoji Film City in Hyderabad, which were filmed under the supervision of stunt choreographer Ravi Varma. In November 2015, it was reported that Samantha would be dubbing for her role for the first time in Telugu, which was later refuted by Samantha herself on early 2016. As of early February 2016, 80 percent of the shooting is completed and also the major part of the talkie portions have been shot. The team headed to Pollachi on 15 February, and the unit canned a romantic duet and some important scenes featuring Nithiin and Samantha for 10 days. Filming of final schedule commenced on 26 February in Hyderabad. The principal photography of the film was wrapped up on 23 April 2016. ==Soundtrack== The film's soundtrack and background music is composed by Mickey J. Meyer, collaborating with Trivikram Srinivas for the first time. The album features five tracks, with lyrics written by Ramajogayya Sastry and Krishna Chaitanya. The audio rights of the film were acquired by Aditya Music. The film's soundtrack album was originally slated to launch on 15 April 2016. However, the audio release was postponed to late April. Eventually, the album was released on 1 May 2016, at a launch event in Shilpakala Vedika at Hyderabad, with actor Pawan Kalyan attending as chief guest. The album released in a jukebox format through YouTube, before the launch and got more than 1 million views on the video- sharing platform. The audio received positive reviews from critics. Behindwoods gave 2.75 out of 5 stating that the album is a "whiff of fresh air from Mickey J Meyer in the midst of heavy duty albums". Sravana Bhargavi of The Times of India gave 4 out of 5 and stated "The album is a winner in terms of the variety that Mickey brings to the table." Indiaglitz gave 3.25 out of 5 stating that "The album comes with good situational songs." Karthik Srinivasan of Milliblog reviewed it as "a simple and modest soundtrack from Mickey J Meyer". Moviecrow gave 3 out of 5 stating it as an "ear-pleasing album far from regular commercial potboilers". ==Release== Producer S. Radha Krishna had initially planned to release the film on 14 January 2016, coinciding with Sankranthi, but later the release date was moved to 14 February 2016 to release it on Valentine's Day. During early February, the makers postponed the release of the film to 22 April 2016. The release was further postponed to 6 May 2016, and later to 20 May, due to the release of Suriya's 24 (2016). But the film was postponed to 3 June, due to Mahesh Babu's Brahmotsavam (2016) as a majority of the theaters were occupied for the film. On 26 May 2016, the makers announced that the release of the film was preponed to 2 June. BlueSky Cinemas, one of the leading players in overseas market for Indian movies bought the rights of this film during early November 2015. They bought the rights of this film before the filming began. During the end of December 2015, Eurotolly bought rights from BlueSky Cinemas to distribute this movie in Europe (excluding UK). == Reception == === Critical reception === Sangeetha Devi Dundoo of The Hindu wrote "Simple tale, effectively told. Trivikram Srinivas narrates an enjoyable tale of romance and relationships". The Times of India gave 3 out of 5 stars stating "Trivikram really gives this modern take an edge of its own and sets it apart from both the book and the earlier film, Meena (1973). Mickey J Meyer's music which is refreshing and the camerawork of Natarajan and Dudley who give the film a visual splendour". The New Indian Express gave 3 out of 5 stars stating "Trivikram Srinivas masterfully elevates a simple story into a romantic comedy. A..Aa undoubtedly is Samantha's film, she delivers a stellar performance and shows what she can do if given ample screen time. Nithiin delivers his finest performance too". Daily News and Analysis gave 3 out of 5 stars stating "A...Aa a film that adds humour to a regular boy-girl romance which should be seen to be experienced. Samantha and Nithiin's performances in this movie will be what people will rave about for days to come". Jeevi of Idlebrain.com gave 3.25 out of 5 stars stating "Plus points of the film are Trivikram dialogues, Samantha and emotional scenes. On the flipside, the flashback of the film which is the foundation looks little hazy and the pace in second half should have been faster". === Box office === A Aa collected 38.15 crore gross and 26.68 crore share worldwide in the first weekend. in the second week movie collected a total of 67.4 crore gross and 44.38 crore share worldwide in two weeks. In its lifetime movie collected a total gross of 75.4 crore and share of 47.48 crore worldwide. A Aa collected $1.5 Million in its first weekend, and collected over $2 Million in its full run at United States boxoffice, which is third highest grossing Telugu film in the US at that time. == Awards and nominations == Date of ceremony Award Category Recipient(s) and nominee(s) Result Ref. 24 March 2017 Zee Cine Awards Telugu Queen of Boxoffice Samantha Girl Next Door Anupama Parameswaran Newbie of the Year Female 28 & 29 March 2017 2nd IIFA Utsavam Best Actress – Telugu Samantha Best Actress in a Supporting Role – Telugu Nadhiya Best Actor in a Negative Role – Telugu Rao Ramesh 17 June 2017 64th Filmfare Awards South Best Film – Telugu A Aa Best Director – Telugu Trivikram Srinivas Best Actress – Telugu Samantha Best Supporting Actor – Telugu Rao Ramesh Best Supporting Actress – Telugu Anupama Parameswaran Best Music Director – Telugu Mickey J. Meyer Best Male Playback Singer – Telugu Karthik 30 June and 1 July 2017 6th South Indian International Movie Awards SIIMA Award for Best Film (Telugu) Haarika & Hassine Creations SIIMA Award for Best Actor (Telugu) Nithiin SIIMA Award for Best Director (Telugu) Trivikram Srinivas SIIMA Award for Best Actress (Telugu) Samantha SIIMA Award for Best Supporting Actress (Telugu) Nadhiya SIIMA Award for Best Music Director (Telugu) Mickey J. Meyer SIIMA Award for Best Female Playback Singer (Telugu) Ramya Behara 12 August 2017 15th Santosham Film Awards Best Actress Samantha (in Telugu) 14 November 2017 Nandi Awards Best Music Director Mickey J. Meyer ==Notes== ==References== == External links == * Category:2016 films Category:2016 romantic comedy-drama films Category:Indian romantic comedy- drama films Category:Films shot in Telangana Category:Films directed by Trivikram Srinivas Category:Films scored by Mickey J Meyer Category:Films based on novels by Yaddanapudi Sulochana Rani Category:Films shot in Pollachi Category:Indian family films Category:2016 drama films Category:Tamil film producers Category:2010s Telugu-language films Category:Films shot in Andhra Pradesh Category:Films set in Andhra Pradesh

A Aa E Ee may refer to: *A Aa E Ee (2006 film), directed by N. R. Nanjunde Gowda *A Aa E Ee (2009 Tamil film), directed by Sabapathy Dekshinamurthy *A Aa E Ee (2009 Telugu film), directed by Srinivasa Reddy

A Aa E Ee is a 2009 Indian Tamil-language film directed by Sabapathy Dekshinamurthy. It stars Prabhu, Navdeep, Aravind Akash, Monica, and Saranya Mohan, whilst, supporting actors Cochin Haneefa, Livingston, Manorama and Ganja Karuppu play other prominent roles. Produced by the oldest Tamil film production company, AVM Productions, the film released on 9 January 2009. The film is a remake of Telugu hit Chandamama with Navdeep enacting the same role. The film received mixed reviews from critics. ==Plot== Subramaniam (Prabhu), an ayurvedic physician, is a much-respected man in his village. His only daughter Anitha (Monica) returns home from Chennai after completing a course in fashion designing. Having lost her mother at a very young age, Anitha is close to her father, and they share a special bond. Soon, Anitha's marriage is fixed with Elango (Aravind Akash), the son of Vedachalam (Cochin Haneefa). While Vedachalam is a good-for-nothing chap, Elango is a perfect match. Elango falls in love with Anitha, but she tells him of her past: her lover Akash (Navdeep), who had jilted her after a one-night stand. Elango, though shattered, meets Akash and tries to unite him with Anitha. In this attempt, he finds himself falling in love with Anitha's cousin Eeswari (Saranya Mohan). Now the story is about uniting the two pairs of lovers. Anitha does not want to hurt her father with the knowledge of her past. ==Cast== ==Soundtrack== Soundtrack was composed by Vijay Antony and lyrics by Eknath, Priyan and Annamalai. No. Song Singers Lyrics 1 "A Aa E Ee" Rahul Nambiar, Dinesh Priyan 2 "Dingi Tappu" Megha, Sheeba, Vinaya, Maya, Ramya NSK, Vijay Antony Eknaath 3 "Kanni Vedi" Vijay Antony, Sangeetha Rajeshwaran Eknaath 4 "Mena Minuki" Vijay Antony, Suchitra, Surmukhi Raman, Sangeetha Rajeshwaran Vijay Antony 5 "Natta Nada" Sangeetha Rajeshwaran, Karthik, Christopher Annamalai 6 "Tappo Tappo" Bakshi, Sulabha Eknaath ==References== == External links == * * * A Aa E Ee at Paadal.com Category:2009 films Category:2000s Tamil-language films Category:Tamil remakes of Telugu films Category:Films scored by Vijay Antony Category:Films directed by Sabapathy Dekshinamurthy

A Aa E Ee (short for Athalo Aame Inthalo Eeme) is a 2009 Telugu language film directed by Srinivasa Reddy. The film stars Srikanth, Meera Jasmine and Sadha in lead roles. Krishna Bhagawan, Ali, Kovai Sarala, Kavitha, Hema play prominent supporting roles in the film. The film was later dubbed into Hindi as Diljale The Burning Heart in 2011. ==Plot== Chandram is an honest man and a devoted husband to Kalyani. His life takes a turn when he discovers that Pregnant Kalyani is suffering from a rare disease and he has to get Rs. 8 lakh for treatment. While gathering the amount, he is compelled to act as husband to Ramya, who is thought dead. However, Ramya comes back alive and now Chandram is caught between both women. What happens from there forms the rest of the story. ==Cast== * Srikanth as Chandram, a cab driver * Meera Jasmine as Kalyani * Sadha as Ramya * Telangana Shakuntala as Chandram's grandmother * Tanikella Bharani as Ramya's father * Kavitha as Ramya's mother * Krishna Bhagawan as lawyer * Hema * M S Narayana as Surgeon * Ali as Amnesia patient * Brahmanandam * Kovai Sarala * Giri Babu as cab company owner * Raghu Babu as Ramya's brother-in-law * Sunil as James Bond 000 * Venkat * Uttej as James Bond's assistant == Soundtrack == == References == ==External links== * Category:2009 films Category:2000s Telugu-language films Category:Indian romantic drama films

{{Infobox settlement |name = A Agualada |image_skyline = File:Cruceiro e igrexa da Agualada.JPG |settlement_type = Parish |pushpin_map = Spain |coordinates = |subdivision_type = Country |subdivision_name = Spain |subdivision_type1 = Autonomous community |subdivision_name1 = Galicia |subdivision_type2 = Province |subdivision_name2 = A Coruña |subdivision_type3 = Municipality |subdivision_name3 = Coristanco |population_total = 647 }} A Agualada is a parish in the Spanish municipality of Coristanco, Galicia. ==External links== *Webpage at the Coristanco website Category:Coristanco Category:Parishes of Galicia (Spain)

A Alao is a village in southeast Laos. It is in Nong District in Savannakhet Province. ==External links== *Satellite map at Maplandia.com *Location on MSN encarta map Category:Populated places in Savannakhet Province

The Bayer designation A Aquarii is shared by two stars in the constellation Aquarius: * A1 Aquarii or 103 Aquarii.HD 222547, database record, HD-DM-GC-HR- HIP-Bayer-Flamsteed Cross Index, N. D. Kostjuk, Institute of Astronomy of Russian Academy of Sciences, 2002; CDS ID IV/27A. * A2 Aquarii or 104 Aquarii, itself a double star.HD 222574, database record, HD-DM-GC-HR-HIP-Bayer- Flamsteed Cross Index, N. D. Kostjuk, Institute of Astronomy of Russian Academy of Sciences, 2002; CDS ID IV/27A.HD 222561, database record, HD-DM-GC- HR-HIP-Bayer-Flamsteed Cross Index, N. D. Kostjuk, Institute of Astronomy of Russian Academy of Sciences, 2002; CDS ID IV/27A. ==See also== α Aquarii (Sadalmelik) ==References== Aquarii, A A Aquarii

A Aravinddaraj (born 9 June 1996) is an Indian cricketer. He made his Twenty20 debut for Pondicherry in the 2018–19 Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy on 21 February 2019. He made his first-class debut on 9 December 2019, for Pondicherry in the 2019–20 Ranji Trophy. ==References== ==External links== * Category:1996 births Category:Living people Category:Indian cricketers Category:Pondicherry cricketers Category:Place of birth missing (living people)

A Arcádia e a Inconfidência is a Portuguese-language essay by Brazilian author Oswald de Andrade. It was first published in 1945. Category:Brazilian novels Category:Portuguese-language novels Category:1945 novels Category:Novels by Oswald de Andrade

A Arma Escarlate (English: The Scarlet Weapon) is a 2011 fantasy novel by Brazilian author Renata Ventura and published by Novo Século. The book follows Hugo Escarlate, a boy raised at Favela Santa Marta, Rio de Janeiro, who discovers he is a wizard. == Synopsis == The year is 1997, in the middle of an intense shootout, during one of the bloodiest eras of the Favela Santa Marta, a thirteen-years-old boy discovers he is a wizard. Sworn death by drug kingpins, Hugo escapes with only one goal in mind: learn enough magic to come back and confront the bandit who is threatening his family. In this learning process, however, he may end up discovering how much of bandit's is inside himself. == Reception == A Arma Escarlate received 4.6/5 rate at Skoob, based on 1011 evaluations. The book is being highly praised among the youth and also the adults for using fantasy to deal with hard themes of Brazilian reality, as social inequality, prejudice, abandonment, drugs and corruption. In a short release time, it became successful between a great youth community widespread in Brazil. A Arma Escarlate has currently about ten thousands likes on Facebook. On April 27, 2013, it was nominated for Codex de Ouro in Fantasy genre, winning the award. ==References== == External links == * "A Arma Escarlate" Official Website * Article on 'O Globo' about A Arma Escarlate Category:2011 novels Category:Brazilian romance novels Category:Brazilian fantasy novels

A Arnoia is a municipality in the province of Ourense in the Galicia region of north-west Spain. It is located to the west of the province, by the confluence of the río Arnoia and the río Miño. == See also == * Río Arnoia == References == Category:Municipalities in the Province of Ourense

A Arte de Amar Bem (also known as A Arte de Amar... Bem) it is a Brazilian comedy film released in 1970,A Arte de Amar Bem (1970) - IMDb in three episodes, directed by Fernando de Barros. ==Plot theme== A sophisticated comedy movie Paulista, divided into three episodes taken from two pieces by Silveira Sampaio. ==Cast== *Eva Wilma *Raul Cortez * Otelo Zeloni * Consuelo Leandro *John Herbert * Íris Bruzzi * Newton Prado * Luíza Di Franco * Plínio Marcos *Sérgio Hingst *Wálter Forster *Karin Rodrigues * Durval de Souza * Diná Lisboa * Vera Lúcia * Luely Figueiró * Gilda Medeiros ==References== Category:1970 films Category:1970 comedy films Category:Brazilian comedy films Category:1970s Portuguese-language films

A Ass Pocket of Whiskey is the seventh studio album by the American Mississippi Hill Country Bluesman R.L. Burnside and the American punk blues band Jon Spencer Blues Explosion, released on Matador Records on 18 June 1996. Unusually, The Penguin Guide to Blues Recordings gave the album two contrasting ratings, indicating divided critical opinion. ==Track listing== All songs by R.L. Burnside, Jon Spencer, Judah Bauer and Russell Simins (except where otherwise noted). #"Goin' Down South" #"Boogie Chillen" (John Lee Hooker) #"Poor Boy" #"2 Brothers" #"Snake Drive" (Burnside) #"Shake 'Em On Down" (Bukka White (although the album credits the song to 'Burnside') #"Criminal Inside Me" #"Walkin' Blues" (Son House (although the album credits the song to 'Burnside') #"Tojo Told Hitler" #"Have You Ever Been Lonely?" ==Personnel== *R.L. Burnside - vocals, guitar *Kenny Brown - guitar *Judah Bauer - guitar, harmonica, vocals, Casio SK-1 *Russell Simins - drums *Jon Spencer - guitar, vocals, drums, theremin ==References== Category:1996 albums Category:R. L. Burnside albums Category:Jon Spencer Blues Explosion albums

A Aurora do Lima is a Portuguese language newspaper founded on December 15, 1855.It is one of the oldest newspapers in Portugal. ==References== == External links == * Official Aurora do Lima Website Category:Newspapers established in 1855 Category:Portuguese-language newspapers Category:1855 establishments in Portugal

A Automobile Company was a brass era American automobile manufacturer located in Sacramento, California from 1910 to 1913. It sold a car known as the Blue & Gold. == History == Tha A Automobile Company was founded in Sacramento, California, in September 1910 by San Francisco businessmen E. C. Collins (president), J. H. Graham (vice president), T. F. Cooke (treasurer), and C. E. Gibbs (secretary). They planned a factory with a capacity of 5000 cars, built on land given to the company by North Sacramento Land Company. Offices were set up in Sacramento in January 1911. Their first product was to be a torpedo- bodied runabout, named the Blue & Gold, after the colors of California's state flag. By 1913, a small number of cars had been built, with four- or six- cylinder engine, electric lights, self-starting, and left-hand drive. The four, on a wheelbase, was priced at US$1150, with sliding-gear three-speed transmission. The six sold for $2100. Though production in 1913 was projected to be 500, as few as 29 were actually built. == Notes == Category:Brass Era vehicles Category:Defunct motor vehicle manufacturers of the United States Category:Motor vehicle manufacturers based in California Category:Defunct manufacturing companies based in California Category:Sacramento, California Category:Cars introduced in 1910 Category:1913 disestablishments Category:1910 establishments in California

A B M Altaf Hossain is a Bangladeshi senior lawyer and former judge of the High Court Division of the Supreme Court of Bangladesh. Hossain is a former Deputy Attorney General of Bangladesh. == Early life == Hossain was born in Kurigram District, Bangladesh. == Career == On 11 December 2010, Deputy Attorney General Hossain spoke at the Acid Survivors Foundation's seminar titled Legal Aid to Acid Victims and Resolving Obstacles. Deputy Attorney General Hossain represented the government in a petition filed against a factory for sound pollution in June 2011. Hossain, as the Deputy Attorney General prosecuted M Ruhul Amin, lecturer at Jahangirnagar University, for posting a status of Facebook whished for the death of Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina on 5 January 2012. In February 2012, he condemned Khaleda Zia's statement on the Murder of Sagar Sarowar and Meherun Runi in court. Hossain was appointed as an additional judge of the High Court Division of Bangladesh Supreme Court in June 2012 along with five other judges. On 24 July 2012, Hossain and Justice Hasan Foez Siddique issued a verdict against Abdul Hamid (then speaker of parliament and later President of Bangladesh) after Hamid called a speech critical of the parliament by Justice AHM Shamsuddin Choudhury Manik a violation of the constitution. In June 2013, Hossain was part of a large High Court bench that examined the Ashiyan City housing project to determine if it's activities were legal. On 28 July 2013, Hossain and Justice Quazi Reza-Ul Hoque ordered the government to take action against Hefazat-e- Islam Bangladesh for attacking journalists and provide treatment to the injure journalists. Hossain issued a verdict that declared the government policy mandating the Anti-Corruption Commission to seek it's approval before investigating corruption allegation against government officials on 31 January 2014. On 9 February 2014, Hossain and Justice Quazi Reza-Ul Hoque ordered to the government to pay 4.3 million taka to Hindu community, a religious minority, who were attacked by religious extremist following an allegedly blasphemous post on Facebook. In June 2014, Hossain name was dropped from the promotion list but the five other judges, who became judges at the same time as Hossain, were made permanent judges of the High Court Division. According to The Daily Star "influential people" in the government were unhappy with certain verdicts by Hossain. The government people were also unhappy with verdict against President Abdul Hamid and Hossain's attempt to get government housing despite being an additional judge and not a permanent one. Hossain filed a petition demanding he be made a permanent judge of the High Court Division. The petition was dismissed by Justice Sheikh Hassan Arif and Justice Abu Taher Md Saifur Rahman. Hossain was represented by Advocate Salauddin Dolon and one of the judges in the case felt embarrassed to hear the petition. In March 2016, Hossain represented M Abdullah in a legal challenge against Bangladesh Association of International Recruiting Agencies for dropping his name from the voter list. In January 2022, Hossain represented Md Humayun Kabir Khandaker, secretary of the Election Commission, at hearing at the High Court. == References == Category:Living people Category:20th-century Bangladeshi lawyers Category:Supreme Court of Bangladesh justices Category:People from Kurigram District Category:Year of birth missing (living people) Category:21st-century Bangladeshi judges

A B M Shawkat Ali is a Bangladeshi origin-Australian author, computer scientist and data analyst. He author of several books in the area of Data Mining, Computational Intelligence, and Smart Grid. He is a newspaper columnist. He is an academic and well-known researcher in the areas of Machine Learning and Data Science. He is also the founder of a research center and international conferences in Data Science and Engineering. He is now an Adjunct Professor in Data Science in the School of Engineering and Technology, Central Queensland University, Australia. == Early life and education == Ali was born (July 30, 1969) just before the independent date of Bangladesh in Rajapur, Jamalpur. His parents Md. Saifuddin Sarker was a farmer and businessman and Mrs. Soufia Khatun was a housewife. Ali has two brothers and three sisters. He completed year five Primary education with regional first position from Rajapur Primary School in 1978, Secondary School Certificate (SSC) in 1984 securing First Division from Bahruakhali M N A High School, Jamalpur, Higher Secondary Certificate (HSC) in 1984 also securing First Division from Nasirabad College, Mymenshing in 1986. Then he got admission to study Electronics and Applied Physics Engineering Honours degree in The University of Rajshahi by obtaining the number one position in the admission within the Faculty of Science. In Master's Examination (1991) from Rajshahi University, he obtained the second position with first class by breaking the 12 years record marks from the project group and was awarded a National Ministry of Science (NST) scholarship to study Master of Philosophy (MPhil) in computer science and engineering from the same university. == Professional memberships == a. Senior Member, The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), USA IEEE Profile, https://www.ieee.org/profile/myprofile/myprofile.html b. Member, IEEE Computer Society, IEEE Industrial Electronics Society, IEEE Big Data Community, IEEE Cloud Computing Community, IEEE Cloud Computing Community, IEEE Systems, Man, and Cybernetics Society c. Member, Machine Intelligence Research Labs, USA d. Member, Victorian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, Australia == Professional career == Ali started his professional career by teaching as a lecturer in the Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Islamic University, Bangladesh in Kushtia in 1997. Then he was promoted as an Assistant Professor in the same university in 1999. In 2001, Ali received the International Post Graduation Scholarship to pursue his PhD research at Monash University, Melbourne, Australia in Information Technology with a major Statistical Learning Theory under Machine Learning. In the same year, Ali joined Gippsland School of Information Technology (GSIT), Monash University as an Assistant Lecturer. After submitting his PhD Thesis, he joined immediately as a Lead Lecturer in Data Mining at Central Queensland University in 2005. In 2006 Ali moved to Central Queensland University's main campus at Rockhampton, Queensland, Australia, and he was promoted as a Senior Lecturer in the School of Computer Science in 2008. In 2007 he became an author of book writing and his book is using over the 40 universities around the world as a text. Again, Ali moved to the School of Engineering and Technology in 2013 at the same university. He worked as a Visiting Professor under Consumer Purchasing Behaviour Monitoring in 2013 at the School of Business, Kansai University, Japan. In 2014 Ali moved to a South Pacific country – Fiji and joined as a Professor in Computer Science under the Department of Computer Science and Information Technology, The University of Fiji and appointed as a Head of Department. At the end of 2014, he resigned from head of department position and joined as an executive dean for the School of Science and Technology at the same university. In 2017, he joined as a visiting faculty for MBA program at The University of the South Pacific. Ali served as an academic consultant to Fiji National University to establish post-grad (Post Grad Diploma, Master's, and PhD) programs in 2018. Then he moved to Central Queensland University in 2019 as an Adjunct Professor in Data Science. == Awards == a. Vice-Chancellor's Research Excellence Award, The University of Fiji, 2014. b. Outstanding Leadership Award, 12th IEEE International Conference on Trust, Security and Privacy in Computing and Communications, 2013. c. Excellence in Supervision Award, Central Queensland University, Australia, 2007. d. Monash University Publication Awards, 2004. == Media interviews == * Instacharge App, The Guardian Interview, 2016 * Interview with IEEE, 2015 * CQ University News, 2013 * Interview with Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC), 2013 * Interview with IEEE, 2012 == Founder and international community services == Ali established a research and training centre in Fiji and he is the founder of two international conferences in Information Technology and Engineering. a. Centre for Smart Technology, Fiji b. IEEE Asia-Pacific Conference on Computer Science and Data Engineering (IEEE CSDE) c. International Conference on Sustainable Technology and Engineering (i-COSTE) Ali served widely international community a. IEEE Student Counsellor, 2008–2010. b. Fiji government delegate to The United Nations Climate Change Conference, COP20 in Lima, Peru, from December 1 to 12, 2014. c. Program advisor to The University of Alicante, Spain and The University of Papua New Guinea, PNG, 2016. d. UniFiji delegate to The Commonwealth Education Ministers Conference, 2018. e. ICISET 2016, International Advisor, Bangladesh, 2016. Ali is a well-known international keynote speaker a. Statistical learning Theory, Rajshahi University, Bangladesh, 2019 b. Machine Learning, Rajshahi University, Bangladesh, 2018 c. Big Data: Changing the way of our businesses, Kansai University, Japan, 2016 d. Quantum Computing, International Colloquium on Advanced Convergence Engineering, KMOU, South Korea, 2018. e. International conference on Bioinformatics and Biostatistics for Agriculture, Rajshahi University, Bangladesh, 2017. f. Current Research Trends in ICT, Islamic University, Bangladesh, 2017. Ali led few international conferences as a General Chair a. General Chair: The Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference (AUPEC 2019), Mariott Resort, Fiji, 26-29th Nov. 2019. b. General Chair: 10th International Conference Internet and Distributed Computing System (IDCS 2017) in Mana Island, Fiji on 12–14 December 2017. c. General Chair: The 16th IEEE International Conference on Computer and Information Technology (CIT-2016), 8–10 December, Shangri-La's Fijian Resort and Spa – Yanuca Island, Fiji. d. General Chair: The 2nd International Symposium on Security and Privacy in Social Networks and Big Data (SocialSec 2016), 8–10 December, Shangri-La's Fijian Resort and Spa – Yanuca Island, Fiji. e. General Chair: The 3rd International Conference on Internet of Vehicles (IOV 2016), 8–10 December, Shangri-La's Fijian Resort and Spa – Yanuca Island, Fiji. f. General Chair: The Sixth IEEE International Symposium on Cloud and Services Computing (SC2 2016), Shangri-La's Fijian Resort and Spa – Yanuca Island, Fiji. g. General Chair: The 10th International Conference on Green, Pervasive and Cloud Computing (GPC 2015) held in Plantation Island, Fiji, 4–6 May 2015. == Publications == Ali have published books, book chapters, research papers and newspaper articles over 150, all his research publications have appeared in peer-reviewed journals and conference proceedings. Books a. Internet and Distributed Computing Systems, Springer, 2018, . b. Internet of Vehicles – Technologies and Services, Springer, 2017, . c. Internet and Distributed Computing Systems, Springer, 2016, . d. Energy Storage for Power Utility, LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing, Germany, 2014, ISBN . e. Computational Intelligence for Decision Support in Cyber Physical Systems, Springer, 2014, . f. Smart Grids: Opportunities, Developments, and Trends, Springer-Verlag London, 2013, . g. Multidisciplinary Computational Intelligence Techniques: Applications in Business, Engineering and Medicine, IGI Global, USA, 2012, . h. Dynamic and Advanced Data Mining for Progressing Technological Development: Innovations and Systemic Approaches, IGI Global, USA, 2010, . i. Data Mining: Methods and Techniques. Thomson, Australia. 2007. . Newspaper articles a. Golden Opportunity For Sports Institute b. FOCUS: Cloud Computing – Time To Get In c. FOCUS: Golap Banu Story With A Fijian Lesson == References == == External links == For publication details: Category:Living people Category:1969 births Category:University of Rajshahi alumni Category:Monash University alumni Category:Academic staff of the Islamic University, Bangladesh Category:Academic staff of the University of Fiji Category:Bangladeshi writers Category:Bangladeshi computer scientists Category:People from Jamalpur District Category:Academic staff of Central Queensland University Category:Academic staff of Kansai University

A B M Taleb Ali (died 7 May 2019) was a Bangladesh Awami League politician and academic. He was elected twice as a member of Jatiya Sangsad. Ali was the founding headmaster of Bishnupur High School, which is situated in Feni District's Sonagazi Upazila. Besides he was the General Secretary and President of Feni Subdivision Teachers' Association. Ali was elected as a member of East Pakistan Provincial Assembly in 1970. He was an organizer of Liberation War of Bangladesh. After liberation he was elected as a member of Jatiyo Sangsad in 1973 and 1979. Ali died on 7 May 2019 at the age of 92. ==References== Category:1920s births Category:2019 deaths Category:People from Feni District Category:Awami League politicians Category:1st Jatiya Sangsad members Category:2nd Jatiya Sangsad members Category:Bangladeshi educators Category:People of the Bangladesh Liberation War

The A B Wood Medal is a prize awarded annually by the Institute of Acoustics for "distinguished contributions to the application of underwater acoustics". The prize, named after Albert Beaumont Wood, is presented in alternate years to European and North American scientists. ==Recipients== Source: Institute of Acoustics ==See also== * List of physics awards ==References== Category:Physics awards Category:British science and technology awards

"A Baby Changes Everything" is a song by American country singer Faith Hill. It was the first single released from her album Joy to the World. It was her thirteenth single release to AC radio, and in late 2008, the song spent three weeks at number one on the Billboard Adult Contemporary chart. ==Content== The song is the tale of a pregnant teenage girl faced with the uncertainty of her future and coming to terms with the fact that her life is about to change. In the bridge of the song, it is revealed that the teenaged girl and baby in question are in fact the virgin Mary and Jesus Christ. ==Chart performance== "A Baby Changes Everything" debuted at No. 24 on the Billboard Hot Adult Contemporary Tracks for the week of November 29, 2008. After spending only four weeks on the chart, the song became her fourth number-one single on that chart. The song then debuted at No. 57 on the Billboard Hot Country Songs chart for the week of December 13, 2008. After five weeks on the country chart, the song peaked at No. 36, giving Hill her thirty-fifth Top 40 single on the country chart. Chart (2008–2009) Peak position US Billboard Bubbling Under Hot 100 5 ==See also== List of Billboard Adult Contemporary number ones of 2008 and 2009 (U.S.) ==References== Category:2008 singles Category:Faith Hill songs Category:American Christmas songs Category:Songs about children Category:Songs written by Craig Wiseman Category:Songs written by Tim Nichols Category:Song recordings produced by Dann Huff Category:Song recordings produced by Byron Gallimore Category:Music videos directed by Chris Hicky Category:Warner Records singles Category:2008 songs Category:Cultural depictions of Mary, mother of Jesus Category:Songs about Jesus

A Baby Story is an American reality series that began airing on TLC and Discovery Channel in 1998 and continued until 2007. ==Overview== The series follows a couple through the late days of their pregnancy, sometimes presenting a baby shower, last family outing, or dinner party. Then, it always shows the family getting ready to go to the hospital, birth center, or preparing for a home birth. It films the labor and birth, which is shown in the series. At the end, the family talks about life after the newborn and offers the baby a few weeks after birth. The couple then spends some time playing with their child before the series ends. ==Storyline== According to the producers of the series, the intent was to include a happy ending at the end of every episode. ==Return== In 2016, TLC revived the show by livestreaming a childbirth via Facebook. ==References== ==External links== * Category:1998 American television series debuts Category:1990s American reality television series Category:2000s American reality television series Category:2007 American television series endings Category:English-language television shows Category:TLC (TV network) original programming Category:Television shows set in the United States Category:Discovery Channel original programming

A Babysitter's Guide to Monster Hunting is a 2020 American dark fantasy comedy film directed by Rachel Talalay and distributed by Netflix. The film was written by Joe Ballarini and is based on his book trilogy of the same name. It stars Tom Felton, Indya Moore, Tamara Smart and Oona Laurence. ==Plot== Kelly Ferguson was plagued by nightmares as a young child. She is still nicknamed Monster Girl as a high school freshman in Rhode Island because she had told people a monster had attacked her at five. Although planning to attend a senior's Halloween party that night, Kelly's mom has told her boss Ms. Zellman that Kelly can babysit her son Jacob so she can attend their office party. The single mother gives her pages of information, of dos and don'ts. Once they're alone, Jacob tells Kelly about the monsters that plague him, showing her drawings of them. Kelly tells him that he'll stop dreaming of them in the future, like she did, then she checks for monsters under the bed and in the closet before handing him a little lights to ward off dark things. A few minutes later she hurries back, only to find three small monsters abducting him. While Kelly calls 911, Liz Lerue shows up. She is part of a secret society of children-protecting babysitters, and she calls the small monsters who carried off Jacob toadies. They go on a mission to find the boy, who has been kidnapped by the Boogeyman. Liz uses the infant she cares for to lure out the toadies, after tracking them down. However, the shiny object she offers it for Jacob doesn't tempt it as it normally would. The toadies deliver Jacob to the Boogeyman, who gleefully explains how he plans to collect an army of monsters, thanks to Jacob's ability to imagine a large variety of them. He sets up Jacob in a bed, hooks his head in a helmet designed to extract his nightmares, and tries to lull him to sleep. Meanwhile, after Liz returns the baby to her home, the girls go to Brown University to the Rhode Island Order of Babysitters headquarters. The vicepresident, she tasks the trainees (SITs) with emptying the pouch of the toadie they've captured and searching for Jacob. Using a magic dust to recover memory, Kelly recalls the Boogeyman telling her at five that she has the ability to bring her dreams to life. She realizes he's the Grand Guignol, a stealer of dreams and bringer of nightmares. All of the SITs share scars from their own run-ins with boogeymen as small children. They will have to imbed Angel Hair potion in the Boogeyman with a monster punch. Curtis searches the globe for the ingredients. In the meantime, he provides Kelly with a few tools to help her on their quest. Feeding the toadie a tracker, they let it escape in hopes it will lead them to the Boogeyman. The toadie finds the tracker and informs the Boogeyman, who sets up a trap. Lead to the Halloween party Kelly had wanted to attend, Liz and an unenthusiastic Kelly enter, seeking the tracker. A shadow monster awaits them in the basement. Chasing it around the house, they eventually realize they were lead to a dead end. Next, the girls try to prevent the cat's eye amulet from being used by the Boogeyman, but are unsuccessful. Kelly escapes, but he captures Liz. Simultaneously both Curtis is concocting the Angel Hair potion while Kelly finds and breaks into the condemned lighthouse where Jacob is being held and the nightmares are starting to be extracted. The toadies try to cage Kelly, but she outwits them. A hypnotised Liz locks her up, but she uses a multi-functional tool from Curtis which knocks her down and snaps her back to normal. In the chamber where the nightmare creatures are about to be released by the Boogeyman, Kelly knocks the Angel Hair given to her by a SIT into him with a monster punch and an awakened Jacob dissipates the nightmare monsters. Getting Jacob home before Ms. Zellman arrives, Kelly is commended for getting Jacob to sleep. Not only is she asked to babysit the next night, but Liz tells her she's going to recommend her to the Order of Babysitters and her crush Victor asks her out. ==Cast== ==Release== The film premiered on Netflix on October 15, 2020. ==Reception== On review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of based on critic reviews, with an average rating of . On Metacritic, it has a weighted average score of 31 out of 100 based on 4 critic reviews, indicating "generally unfavorable reviews". == References == ==External links== * * Category:2020 films Category:2020 horror films Category:American monster movies Category:Films about witchcraft Category:English-language Netflix original films Category:The Montecito Picture Company films Category:Walden Media films Category:Films directed by Rachel Talalay Category:Films produced by Ivan Reitman Category:Films scored by Matthew Margeson Category:Halloween horror films Category:2020s English-language films Category:2020s American films Category:American dark fantasy films Category:Films about Bogeymen

A Bachelor Husband is a 1920 British silent romance film directed by Kenelm Foss and starring Lyn Harding, Renee Mayer and Hayford Hobbs. It was based on a story by Ruby M. Ayres, originally published in the Daily Mirror.Low p.333 ==Plot== Inheritor weds stepsister who elopes with cad."The Bachelor Husband" in Denis Gifford, British Film Catalogue: volume 1: The Fiction Film (2016) ==Cast== * Lyn Harding as Feather Dakers * Renée Mayer as Marie Celeste * Hayford Hobbs as Chris Lawless * Irene Rooke as Aunt Madge * Lionelle Howard as Atkins * Gordon Craig as Chris, as a child * Margot Drake as Mrs. Chester * Will Corrie as George Chester * R. Heaton Grey as Aston Knight * Phyllis Joyce as Mrs. Heriot ==References== ==Bibliography== * Low, Rachael. History of the British Film, 1918-1929. George Allen & Unwin, 1971. ==External links== * Category:1920 films Category:1920 romantic drama films Category:British silent feature films Category:British romantic drama films Category:Films directed by Kenelm Foss Category:Films set in England Category:British black-and-white films Category:1920s English-language films Category:1920s British films Category:Silent romantic drama films

A Bachelor's Baby is a 1922 British silent comedy film directed by Arthur Rooke and starring Constance Worth, Malcolm Tod and Tom Reynolds.Low p.333 ==Cast== * Constance Worth as Peggy Woodward * Malcolm Tod as Lieutenant Jimmy Barton * Tom Reynolds as Captain Rogers * Haidee Wright as Miss Fisher * Maud Yates as Mrs. Prowse ==References== ==Bibliography== * Low, Rachael. History of the British Film, 1918-1929. George Allen & Unwin, 1971. ==External links== * Category:1922 films Category:British comedy films Category:British silent feature films Category:Films directed by Arthur Rooke Category:British black- and-white films Category:1922 comedy films Category:1920s English-language films Category:1920s British films Category:Silent comedy films

A Bachelor's Life Abroad () is a 1992 Polish comedy film directed by Andrzej Barański. It was entered into the 18th Moscow International Film Festival. ==Cast== * Marek Bukowski as Michal * Bożena Dykiel as Frau Luther * Magdalena Wójcik as Agata * Artur Barciś as Stefan * Jan Frycz as Herman * Marek Walczewski as Carousel Owner Schumann * Ewa Buczko as Angela * Cynthia Kaszynska as Regina * Jaroslaw Gruda as Franek * Andrzej Mastalerz as Staszek * Witold Wieliński as Wacek ==References== ==External links== * Category:1992 films Category:1992 comedy films Category:1990s Polish-language films Category:Polish comedy films

A Bachelor's Wife is a 1919 silent drama film directed by Emmett J. Flynn and starring Mary Miles Minter. As with many of Minter's films, the film is thought to be a lost film.The Library of Congress/FIAF American Silent Feature Film Survival Catalog: A Bachelor’s Wife In the weeks before its release, some film magazines listed the feature under its working title “Mary O’Rourke.” ==Plot== As described in Motion Picture Herald, Mary O’Rourke (Minter) arrives in America from Ireland and finds her young friend and baby deserted by the husband. Mary takes the baby to the Stuyvesant mansion, demanding that it be recognized. Mrs. Stuyvesant, an invalid, is delighted with the child, and mistaking Mary for her daughter-in-law, invites her to stay and take charge of the house. The doctor informs Mary that she must comply with the old lady's request, as a shock might prove fatal to her. John Stuyvesant arrives home and denounces Mary as an imposter. She admits that she is but insists that he shall do right by Norah. He insists he was never married, and to prove it starts to marry another girl. Mary confronts him with the marriage license, which it appears belongs to J. Frederick Stuyvesant, a cousin. He had failed to acknowledge Norah as his wife while waiting to come into his fortune. Things straighten themselves out, Norah and the child come into their own and Mary and John decide to marry. ==Cast== * Mary Miles Minter as Mary O’Rourke * Allan Forrest as John Stuyvesant * Myrtle Reeves as Norah Cavanagh * Lydia Knott as Mrs Stuyvesant * Charles Spere as Fred Stuyvesant * Margaret Shelby as Genevieve Harbison * Harry Holden as Dr Burt ==References== ==External links== * Category:1919 films Category:1919 drama films Category:Silent American drama films Category:American silent feature films Category:American black-and-white films Category:Lost American films Category:1919 lost films Category:Lost drama films Category:Films with screenplays by Joseph F. Poland Category:Films set in country houses Category:1910s American films

A Bad Boy Can Be Good For A Girl is the first novel by Tanya Lee Stone and written in a poetry-format. It follows the story of three girls who fall for the same bad boy intent on seducing every girl in school. ==Plot== Josie is thrilled when TL notices her across the dance floor because of her "couldn't care less" act. Although refusing to at first, she begins ignoring her best friends, Kim and Caroline, but never gives them the cold shoulder. She's a freshman and, despite some close encounters, refuses to give up her virginity to him. She overhears a conversation between him and a friend of his about how she won't put out, and he breaks up with her later. She writes about him in Forever..., a book in the library, and is the "fearless ringleader." Nicolette chooses to ignore Josie's warnings and approaches TL, who asks her out. She considers herself a "loner" and "puts out" almost immediately, believing she has fallen in love. She is considered a "whore" around school. She is very proud, but heartbroken when she discovers he took another girl, Aviva, to a party. Furious, she eventually checks out Forever..., reads Josie's notes and then befriends her. Aviva is approached by TL in biology, when he needs help. They begin a fun-loving relationship and she overhears him talking to a friend about how she might be different but she might not be. She eventually does sleep with him, and says she loves him, causing him to break up with her. Kristen tries to apologize, but she doesn't want to hear it. ==Reception== Reviews for A Bad Boy Can Be Good For a Girl were mostly positive, with Kirkus Reviews panning the book while the Kansas City Star gave a positive rating. The English Journal praised the book, recommending it to educators as a summer reading book for their students. The School Library Journal cited the free verse as a highlight of the book, naming A Bad Boy Can Be Good For a Girl its "Book of the Week" in January 2006. A Bad Boy Can Be Good For a Girl landed on the American Library Association's Top 10 Banned Books List in 2013 because of its inclusion of drugs, alcohol, and smoking; nudity, offensive language, as well as its sexually explicit content. ==Characters== * Josie: a level-headed freshman and the only one of the three to not give in to TL's temptations. She is the ring-leader, popular, and very gathered together and in-control. * Nicolette: a self-centred "whore" who doesn't believe Josie's claims. She loses her virginity in his car. * Aviva: a smart girl who plays the guitar and writes lyrics on TL. She loses her virginity in her room, and is very naive. * Kristen: the school's "Queen Bee" who wants to befriend Aviva but doesn't like Nicolette. and also her boyfriend ==References== ==External links== * Tanya Lee Stone website Category:2006 American novels Category:American young adult novels Category:Verse novels Category:Novels set in high schools and secondary schools

A Bad Brains Reunion Live at Maritime Hall is the third live album from hardcore punk and reggae pioneers Bad Brains. It marks the reunion of the band after a four-year breakup. At the time, the band were unable to use the name "Bad Brains" as they were embattled in legal turmoil with their prior management company. For over three years, the band had to tour under the name "Soul Brains" even though the original lineup of Bad Brains was intact. The album came under sharp criticism upon its release due to the lazy singing style of the usually manic and energetic H.R., who was accused of mailing in his performance at this reunion concert recorded live in 1999 at the Maritime Hall theater in San Francisco. Moreover, many of the tracks had already appeared on the previous two live Bad Brains albums. One new song—"On Like Popcorn"—was also released as a single in preparation for a new studio album, but the band broke up once again in 2000. It was later included on their 2012 studio album Into the Future. ==Track listing== #"Attitude" – 1:43 #"Coptic Times" – 2:27 #"At the Movies" – 2:44 #"Right Brigade" – 2:36 #"Day Tripper"/"She's a Rainbow" – 5:52 #"Soulcraft" – 2:25 #"Tongue Tee Tie" – 3:08 #"Re-Ignition" – 6:47 #"Sailin' On"/"I & I Survive" – 8:52 #"House of Suffering " – 2:20 #"On Like Popcorn" – 3:20 #"Sacred Love" – 3:47 #"Youth Are Getting Restless" – 6:46 #"Pay to Cum" – 2:22 #"I Against I" – 3:12 ==Personnel== * H.R. – vocals * Dr. Know – guitar * Darryl Jenifer – bass * Earl Hudson – drums Category:Bad Brains live albums Category:1999 live albums

A Bad Case of Stripes is a children's book written and illustrated by David Shannon published in 1998 by Blue Sky Press, a division of Scholastic Press. A Bad Case of Stripes highlights the theme of being true to oneself and is commonly used by educators to teach young students important values. Amongst some negative response, this children’s book is also praised for its creativity, illustrations, and meaningful lessons. ==Plot summary== The main character is a girl named Camilla Cream who secretly loves lima beans. However, she refuses to eat them because her friends dislike them and Camilla wants to fit in. On the first day of school, she wakes up to discover thick, solid-colored stripes all over her body. The family's physician, Dr. Bumble, determines that Camilla is well enough to attend school tomorrow. But when she does the next day, most of the other children tease her and some of the other children call out colors and patterns which cause the colors on her skin to shift around. The principal sends her home as she is proving to be a distraction, and calls her parents to keep Camilla home from school until her symptoms wear off. At home, Camilla goes through a number of increasingly preposterous metamorphoses. She turns into a pill after being given one and grows roots, berries, crystals, feathers, and a long furry tail after receiving different medicine. She even has viruses, bacteria, and fungus colonies grow on her body after the community's expert scientists discuss these as a possible cause to her situation while examining her. Finally, she melts and merges into her room after an environmental therapist tells her to “become one with the room”. Finally, an old lady tells her to eat some lima beans. Camilla is afraid to admit her willingness to eat them at first, but after realizing that this could be her only hope of being cured, she allows the old woman to feed her them. Camilla is successfully reverted to a human and continues to eat lima beans; although her friends consider her strange for liking them, she doesn't even care a bit. She enjoys being different and never has stripes again. ==Analysis == === Themes === A Bad Case of Stripes discusses ethics and metaphysics, by highlighting self-perception, identity, and bullying. A Bad Case of Stripes teaches a lesson about the importance of being one's true self through a lima bean metaphor. In the beginning of the book, Camilla conforms to peer pressure, which is shown through her chameleon- like trait of blending into her surroundings. Camilla then learns about herself and her surroundings through her “nightmare metamorphosis.” By the end of the book, Camilla “regains her identity when she is true to herself.” In 2018, West Virginia First Lady, Cathy Justice, read this book to young children in honor of the Scholastic Summer Reading Challenge. The reading highlighted the book’s theme of teaching “children to be themselves and to respect those who may be different.” === Pedagogy === A Bad Case of Stripes is popular in the curricula of many elementary schools. A 2004 study found that it was a common read-aloud book for fourth-graders in schools in San Diego County, California. A 2007 online poll, the National Education Association listed the book as one of its "Teachers' Top 100 Books for Children." According to an elementary school teacher in Pawtucket, Rhode Island, Donna M. Sawyer, Shannon’s story encourages students to consider their own experiences to develop a personal connection. Sawyer uses comprehension instruction with her third-graders to teach A Bad Case of Stripes. To increase student’s participation level, she incorporates both class-wide and small- group discussion and activities over many classes. For the students, this participation includes finding ways they connect to Camilla, organizing book details “into a story circle visual structure,” and creating episode analysis charts addressing Camilla’s problem, response, actions, and outcome. A Bad Case of Stripes has also been used in classrooms to prevent bullying. One teacher from Comber, Ontario, Lisa Babula, incorporated a read-aloud, journal reflections, and discussion in literature response groups into three 40-minute class periods. Online games about bullying and an exercise creating a hypothetical problem and solutions were also included in the lesson plan. These activities focus on understanding Camilla’s emotions and addressing the issue of bullying. Another approach to teaching A Bad Case of Stripes is using it to encourage students to eat their vegetables and to be brave about eating healthily. Students are told to make signs for the cafeteria promoting healthy eating because like Camilla, there are some foods that students might be afraid to eat with their friends. ==Reception== Kirkus Reviews found that "Shannon's story is a good poke in the eye of conformity--imaginative, vibrant, and at times good and spooky--and his emphatic, vivid artwork keeps perfect pace with the tale." A review by Sandra L. Tidwell said that "Shannon's colored illustrations are vibrant and animated, and they show a particular talent for vividly portraying facial expressions."Sandra L. Tidwell (April 1999). "A Bad Case of Stripes [book review]". www.trove.nla.gov.au. Farnsworth Juvenile Literature Library, Harold B. Lee Library, Brigham Young University. Retrieved 6 June 2015. A review by The Record highlights the children book’s applicability to all ages, stating that in addition to the entertainment and life-lessons the children benefit from, it “offers adults a giggle or two.” A Florida Times Union review states that A Bad Case of Stripes is “funny and entertaining,” supported perfectly by “lighthearted, bright, detailed illustrations.” It also received the 1999 Montana Treasure State Picture Book Award. A review by Carolyn Noah presents a somewhat negative take, calling the book “disturbing” and “viscerally troubling.” The book addresses anti-peer pressure, but also juggles dark humor. The review states that the book’s “grotesque,” “eye-popping,” and “oppressive” images will haunt the children reading. A Bad Case of Stripes has also received mixed reviews. A librarian at the University of New Brunswick, Lesley Beckett Balcom, recommends the book with reservations, stating, “the sensational illustrations, bold and surreal, are the strength in a book that tries rather too hard to teach a lesson.” An English teacher at Indiana University Northwest believes that A Bad Case of Stripes is “a little preachy at times,” yet this is made up for with the “tongue-in-cheek fun” the illustrations bring to the story. A San Francisco Chronicle article describes Shannon's illustrations as “vibrant,” “hilarious,” and “horrific.” ==References== Category:1998 children's books Category:American picture books Category:Fictional diseases and disorders

A Bad Day for Sorry is a novel written by Sophie Littlefield and published by Minotaur Books (an imprint on St. Martin's Press owned by Macmillan Publishers) on 4 August 2009, which later went on to win the Anthony Award for Best First Novel in 2010. == References == Category:2009 American novels Category:Anthony Award-winning works Category:American mystery novels Category:American thriller novels Category:Minotaur Books books

A Bad Girl in Harlem is the second studio album by Danish rock band New Politics, released on May 21, 2013 via RCA Records. The three members moved from Copenhagen to Brooklyn, where the material was recorded. Two singles were released, titled "Harlem" and "Tonight You're Perfect". Allmusic.com called the album 'hooky, infectious pop'. The track "Harlem" was featured in a 2013 Taco Bell commercial, a Windows 8 commercial, several Frozen trailers, Guitar Hero Live, NHL 14 and promotional spots for America's Got Talent. ==Track listing== ==References== Category:2013 albums Category:New Politics (band) albums Category:RCA Records albums

"A Bad Goodbye" is a song written by American country music artist Clint Black, and recorded by him as a duet with fellow country music artist Wynonna. The song was recorded after the two toured together during their "Black and Wy" tour in 1993. It was released in May 1993 as the first single from Black's album No Time to Kill. It peaked at number 2 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks (now Hot Country Songs) chart, behind "Chattahoochee" by Alan Jackson.Billboard In addition, it was Black's first appearance on the Billboard Hot 100, peaking at number 43 there.Billboard The song was also nominated for Vocal Event of the Year at the 1993 Academy of Country Music awards. ==Critical reception== In his review of Black's album, Time magazine reviewer Christopher John Farley noted that Judd's voice "draws out an emotional edge" in Black's voice. Overall, he thought that the collaboration added an edge to No Time to Kill that Black's first three albums lacked. Deborah Evans Price, of Billboard magazine reviewed the song favorably, calling the lyrics "direct, moving and majestic." She goes on to say that the song has "'single of the year' written all over it."Billboard, May 8, 1993 The song followed a "Black & Wy" tour, which featured Black and Judd touring together. ==Music video== The music video was directed by Peter Nydrle and produced by Paul Flattery. It was shot in Arizona during their "Black & Wy" tour and premiered in May 1993. ==Chart positions== "A Bad Goodbye" debuted at number 55 on the U.S. Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks for the week of May 15, 1993. Chart (1993) Peak position ===Year-end charts=== Chart (1993) Position Canada Country Tracks (RPM) 14 US Country Songs (Billboard) 19 ==References== Category:1993 singles Category:Clint Black songs Category:Wynonna Judd songs Category:Male–female vocal duets Category:Songs written by Clint Black Category:Song recordings produced by Clint Black Category:Song recordings produced by James Stroud Category:RCA Records Nashville singles Category:1993 songs

A Bad Moms Christmas is a 2017 American Christmas comedy film written and directed by Jon Lucas and Scott Moore. It is a sequel to the 2016 film Bad Moms. The plot follows the three moms from the first film (Mila Kunis, Kristen Bell, and Kathryn Hahn) dealing with their own mothers (Christine Baranski, Cheryl Hines, and Susan Sarandon) visiting during the Christmas holiday. The film was released in the United States on November 1, 2017 and grossed over $130 million. It received mostly negative reviews, with criticism aimed at the thin story and raunchiness. In April 2019, it was announced that a sequel was in development. ==Plot== Amy is now in a happy relationship with Jessie and wants a simple Christmas. However, her overly critical mother, Ruth, derails her plans, texting her that she is coming for the holidays. Meanwhile, Kiki is still overworked with her four kids but now her husband Kent is much more helpful. Kiki is surprised when her mother Sandy shows up earlier than expected and for three weeks, overwhelming her. Carla has her own issues as her mother, Isis, has arrived unexpectedly for the first time in years; despite Carla being happy to see Isis, she's well aware that she expects something out of it. Amy, Kiki and Carla go to the mall and commiserate over the holidays. Complaining about the holiday pressure, they make a pact to "take Christmas back". Ruth tries to create a spectacle out of Christmas, rather than keeping it simple like Amy wants. Trying to tamp down those plans, Amy takes the family to Sky Zone to meet up with Kiki and Carla and their families. The grandmothers finally meet and chat. At work, Carla meets erotic dancer Ty, who is in town competing in a Sexy Santa competition. He asks her to be his date, which she accepts enthusiastically. Kiki continues to have issues with her mother's overbearingness, so brings Sandy to Dr. Karl, to discuss it, end up having a communication breakdown; Kiki scolds her and Sandy leaves the session. Amy and Kiki join Carla, attending the Sexy Santa show. Everyone is impressed with Ty's dancing. To everyone's surprise, Isis gets up on the bar and starts dancing with him. Carla runs up to get Ty back, leading to a fight. When Carla brings Isis home, she asks for money for a new investment; although Carla knows she's just going to gamble it away and then disappear as always, she loans her the money. On Christmas Eve, Sandy tells Kiki she bought the house next door to live closer to her. Finally, Kiki lashes out, telling her she can't as she needs some space. Sandy leaves the room crying. At the same time, Amy gets angry with Ruth when she discovers she has invited strangers to her home for an elaborate Christmas party, exactly what Amy told her not to do. Realizing Ruth is only going through with this to make herself relevant rather than be there for her grandkids, Amy and Ruth then get into a fight and accidentally knock down a Christmas Tree, ruining the house. Enraged, Amy yells at Ruth to get out of her life forever. Her kids, Jane and Dylan, witness this outburst and, fearing they'll be next, become upset with Amy. Meanwhile, Carla finds a goodbye note from Isis. Ruth goes to church for Midnight Mass, joined by Sandy and Isis. They criticize each other for their efforts as mothers, pointing out each other's flaws. Amy's father Hank talks to her about her horrible fight with her mom, where he reveals that Ruth, while difficult to deal with at times, is actually incredibly insecure and has always worried whether or not she was doing a good job as a mother, but has good intentions and loves Amy unconditionally. Amy goes to the church where Ruth is to repair their relationship. They apologize, confessing how much they genuinely love each other. Ruth tells Amy that she is a wonderful mother. They embrace tightly. As the clock strikes midnight, Amy realizes that she needs her mother to help her fix Christmas, so they rush home to decorate the house properly. On Christmas morning, Jane and Dylan come downstairs to see that Ruth has returned, the relationship has been repaired and the house looks wonderful. Kiki makes up with Sandy, who tells her she put the neighboring house on the market and admits that she has always felt lonely on Christmas since Kiki's father died. Carla is then visited by Isis, who is serious about turning her life around and has a new job at Sky Zone, though she confused as to how she passed the drug test. All the families get together for an unorthodox Christmas dinner. Amy, Kiki, and Carla applaud each other for doing what they set out to do; Ty, who has legitimately fallen in love with Carla, tracks her to Amy's house to start a relationship with her; Ruth, Sandy and Isis announce that they have become friends and are now planning to take a trip to Las Vegas to see Wayne Newton (something Kiki had demanded Sandy do). ==Cast== * Mila Kunis as Amy Redmond Mitchell * Kathryn Hahn as Carla Dunkler * Kristen Bell as Kiki Moore * Christine Baranski as Ruth Redmond * Susan Sarandon as Isis Dunkler * Cheryl Hines as Sandy Wilson * Peter Gallagher as Hank Redmond * Jay Hernandez as Jessie Harkness * Justin Hartley as Ty * Lyle Brocato as Kent Moore * Wanda Sykes as Dr. Elizabeth Karl * Oona Laurence as Jane Mitchell * Emjay Anthony as Dylan Mitchell * Ariana Greenblatt as Lori Harkness * Cade Cooksey as Jaxon Dunkler * Jacks Dean as Bernard Moore * Madison Muffley as Clare Moore * Christina Applegate as Gwendolyn James * Kenny G as himself ==Production== In December 2016, it was announced that A Bad Moms Christmas would be released on November 3, 2017, and that it would be Christmas-themed, with Bell, Hahn, and Kunis returning to reprise their roles. The release date was subsequently moved up two days to November 1, 2017. In April 2017, Justin Hartley joined the cast of the film, and in May 2017, Susan Sarandon, Christine Baranski, and Cheryl Hines joined as the mothers' mothers, alongside Wanda Sykes and Jay Hernandez reprising their roles from the first film. Principal photography on the film began in Atlanta, Georgia on May 1, 2017. ==Release== A Bad Moms Christmas was released on Wednesday, November 1, 2017. It was originally scheduled for November 3, 2017, but was brought forward two days to avoid direct competition with Thor: Ragnarok. In Australia, the film was released under the title Bad Moms 2. ===Home media=== The film was released by Universal Pictures Home Entertainment on DVD and Blu-ray on February 6, 2018, in the United States and Canada. ==Reception== ===Box office=== A Bad Moms Christmas grossed $72.1 million in the United States and Canada, and $58.5 million in other territories, for a worldwide total of $130.6 million, against a production budget of $28 million. In North America, the film was projected to gross around $25 million from 3,615 theaters in its first five days (including $17 million over the weekend). It took in $2.7 million on its first day, and $17 million over the weekend, for a five-day total of $21.6 million, finishing second at the box office behind Thor: Ragnarok. ===Critical response=== On review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds an approval rating of based on reviews with an average rating of . The website's critical consensus reads, "Featuring twice the moms but roughly half the laughs, A Bad Moms Christmas is a slapdash holiday sequel that falls short of the original with a disappointing dearth of good cheer." On Metacritic, which assigns a normalized rating to reviews, the film has a weighted average score of 42 out of 100, based on 30 critics, indicating "mixed or average reviews". Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "B" on an A+ to F scale, down from the "A" earned by the first film, while PostTrak reported filmgoers gave it a "very low" 68% overall positive score. Owen Gleiberman of Variety gave the film a mixed review, writing, "A Bad Moms Christmas should appeal to the same—dare I say it?—demo that Bad Moms did, even though it's not nearly as wild a comedy. It has one halfway original idea, which is that when you're a mom yourself, the ability of your own mom to drive you nuts is heightened to the third power, because you're competing on levels that are almost primal." Pete Hammond of Deadline Hollywood gave the film a positive review, calling it a "good time movie" and writing: "...it goes way over the top, but I have to confess I laughed—a lot—and that's obviously the point even if this is not critic's fodder or meant to be. Subtle this is not, but A Bad Moms Christmas is the perfect tonic to lift your spirits and forget your troubles in these dark times." ==Sequel== In April 2019 during CinemaCon, it was announced that a sequel titled Bad Moms' Moms is in development. Sarandon, Baranski, and Hines will reprise their roles. In June 2021, it was reported that Bad Moms' Moms had been postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic. ==See also== * List of Christmas films ==References== ==External links== * * * A Bad Moms Christmas on Rotten Tomatoes Category:2017 films Category:2010s English-language films Category:2017 comedy films Category:2010s buddy comedy films Category:2010s Christmas comedy films Category:2010s female buddy films Category:American buddy comedy films Category:American Christmas comedy films Category:American female buddy films Category:American sequel films Category:Films about dysfunctional families Category:Films directed by Jon Lucas and Scott Moore Category:Films produced by Suzanne Todd Category:Films scored by Christopher Lennertz Category:Films set in Chicago Category:Films shot in Atlanta Category:Films with screenplays by Jon Lucas and Scott Moore Category:Huayi Brothers films Category:STX Entertainment films Category:2010s American films Category:English-language Christmas comedy films

"A Bad Night" is a short story by E. W. Hornung, and features the gentleman thief A. J. Raffles, and his companion and biographer, Bunny Manders. The story was published in June 1905 by Pall Mall Magazine in London.Rowland, page 282 The story was also included as the sixth story in the collection A Thief in the Night, published by Chatto & Windus in London, and Charles Scribner's Sons in New York, both in 1905.Rowland, page 280. ==Plot== Raffles plans to burgle the house on the banks of the Mole of a bride-to-be, which is presently so laden with wedding gifts that she has had the gifts insured. However, Raffles is selected to play for the English in the Second Test Match, the first day of which will be the day of the wedding, when her gifts will be vulnerable. Bunny insists on taking the burglary job himself, so that Raffles can be free to serve his country. Raffles is anxious, but Bunny is eager to prove himself. The night of the wedding, Bunny sneaks to the house's garden. He stops to light a cigarette, merely to demonstrate his nerves. As Bunny finishes, a window opens overhead, and a wheezing voice accosts him. Bunny, relying on a story rehearsed with Raffles, pretends that he is from the insurance company. The young man at the window, who is the bride-to-be's asthmatic brother Mr. Medlicott, believes Bunny, and lets him into the house. Bunny follows Medlicott, who struggles to return to a library upstairs. Though Medlicott is ailing, he is kind, and he and Bunny discuss cricket. Bunny begins reluctantly to sympathize with Medlicott, and helps to keep the man's asthma pacified. Suddenly Bunny hears a noise, and looks out the window to see there is a new light from downstairs. When Bunny decides to go downstairs and investigate, Medlicott is impressed and offers his concealed revolver to Bunny, but Bunny prefers to use the life preserver he has brought. Downstairs, Bunny finds and quickly knocks out the burglar, only to realize afterward in anguish and bitterness that it is Raffles in disguise. Medlicott joins Bunny, and Bunny sends Medlicott to fetch the policeman on his beat outside. Raffles rises, and expresses his irritation. Together they escape the house. Raffles changes their clothes using garments he has hidden in some bushes, and they catch a train. Bunny only learns later that Medlicott had been unable to reach the policeman, and eventually had to struggle home. Bunny regrets having wronged both Raffles and Medlicott. Raffles, however, apologizes himself, and explains: rain had cut the day's cricket short, and he had been so anxious about Bunny that he had come to keep an eye on Bunny. He had followed Bunny the entire time, and had admired Bunny's performance throughout. Moreover, Raffles was able to take some jewellery from the collection of wedding presents. ==Adaptations== ===Television=== The story was adapted into the ninth episode of the Raffles television series, with Anthony Valentine as A. J. Raffles and Christopher Strauli as Bunny Manders. The episode, titled "A Bad Night", first aired on 22 April 1977. ===Radio=== BBC Radio adapted the story into the tenth episode of its Raffles radio drama, "A Bad Night", which first aired on 22 June 1988. The drama features Jeremy Clyde as Raffles and Michael Cochrane as Bunny. The episode follows the plot of the original story, with some changes: * In the drama, Raffles goes after this house as an act of revenge against young Medlicott's prosperous father, for the sake of the man's orphaned and financially ruined nephew, Spadger, who killed himself after his appeal for help from his rich uncle fell on deaf ears. * In the drama, rather than explain all to Bunny in the train afterwards, Raffles sleeps nearly all the way back to the cricket match in Trafford, thereby recovering well enough from Bunny's blow to play well against the Australians the next day. He explains his actions to Bunny in the Albany later. ==References== ;Notes ;Sources * * ==External links== * * Free online annotated version of "A Bad Night" * BBC Radio adaption of "A Bad Night” Category:1905 short stories Category:Works originally published in The Pall Mall Magazine Category:A. J. Raffles short stories

A Bad Son () is a 1980 French drama film directed by Claude Sautet. It tells the story of a young man who is sent back to France after a sentence for narcotics in the USA and tries to restart his life, but has difficulty relating to his widowed father and suffers the pain of falling in love with a girl who is an addict. ==Plot== After five years in a US prison for drug dealing, Bruno arrives back in Paris and goes to his father's apartment, his mother having died while he was in jail. His father is supportive and next night takes him out, but explodes in rage when Bruno asks two prostitutes to their table, saying that it was his fault that his mother died of barbiturates. Bruno moves out and finds manual work, though he trained as a cabinet maker. When he pays a compulsory visit to a rehabilitation clinic, they suggest a more congenial job in a bookshop that has already taken Catherine, a recovering addict. She and Bruno fall for each other and he moves into her apartment, though the bookseller warns him that she still uses drugs. Wanting to reconcile with his father, he goes round early in the morning to find him in bed with Madeleine, his mother's best friend. When Madeleine explains that this is a longstanding relationship, Bruno explodes in rage, saying it was their fault that his mother killed herself. Catherine's addiction reaches the point where she voluntarily goes back into hospital and Bruno leaves the bookshop, finding work with a cabinet maker. In a café he sees Madeleine, who says that his father is crippled after a work accident and she has left him. Bruno goes round to his father's apartment and, while there, tries to ring Catherine. == Cast == * Patrick Dewaere - Bruno Calgagni * Yves Robert - René Calgagni * Brigitte Fossey - Catherine * Jacques Dufilho - Adrien Dussart * Claire Maurier - Madeleine * Étienne Chicot - Serge * Laure Duthilleul ==References== == External links == * Category:1980 drama films Category:1980 films Category:French drama films Category:Films directed by Claude Sautet Category:1980s French films

A Bad Spell in Yurt is a fantasy novel by C. Dale Brittain first published in 1991. It takes place in the fictional kingdom of Yurt where Daimbert, a wizard who has just graduated from the wizards' school, takes up his post as the new Royal Wizard. Daimbert's story is continued in The Wood Nymph and the Cranky Saint, Mage Quest, The Witch and the Cathedral, Daughter of Magic, and Is This Apocalypse Necessary? ==Synopsis== This story takes place in the tiny kingdom of Yurt. It reads like a charming, light-hearted story at first, but darker forces soon reveal themselves. Amongst themselves, the characters refer to the "three that rule the world", the aristocracy, the church, and wizardry. Though the aristocracy do the actual ruling, organized wizardry generally considers itself to be the superior of the three, in part because they put an end to the "Black Wars," wars between kingdoms so violent and bloody that individual wizards were forced to band together to stop them. Churchmen considers themselves superior to wizards, and they are traditional rivals in this semi- medieval world. The first-person narrator is Daimbert, who has just barely graduated from the wizards' school. He takes up his first post as Royal Wizard of Yurt. Daimbert barely graduated, owing to all that embarrassment with the frogs, yet he has amazing improvisational skills that manage to get him by. Daimbert soon befriends Joachim, the castle chaplain, attempts to make magical telephones from scratch, learns old herbal magic from his predecessor, fights a dragon from the northern land of wild magic, searches for the source of an evil spell on the king, and is forced to bargain with a demon. Here, magic is a wild force of four dimensions that is shaped by a wizard's spells or potions, and (usually) is spoken aloud using the Hidden Language, needed to channel magic for the means of a spell. However, wizards can also choose to sell their soul to a demon in return for supernatural powers. The book reads somewhat like a mystery, where Daimbert follows up on many clues throughout the story, eventually suspecting everyone in the castle. The caster of the evil spell is not revealed until the end of the book. ==Important characters== *Daimbert, main character and Royal Wizard of Yurt *Joachim, the royal chaplain *Prince Dominic, the king's nephew *Lady Maria, the queen's aunt *Zahlfast, second in command at the wizards' school *Haimeric, the King of Yurt *The Queen of Yurt, never named *Daimbert's predecessor as wizard of Yurt, never named ==References== *C. Dale Brittain, A Bad Spell in Yurt. New York: Baen Books, August 1991. Second printing 1993; third printing 1995 ==External links== * Author's home page Category:1991 American novels Category:American fantasy novels Category:1991 fantasy novels

A Bad Wind Blows in My Heart is the second studio album by English musician Bill Ryder-Jones. It was released in April 2013 under Domino Records. ==Background== Ryder-Jones recorded the album in an upstairs bedroom of his mother's house in Liverpool, England, with members of By the Sea as the backing band. The recordings were produced by Ryder-Jones himself, while it was mixed by James Ford and Darren Jones ==Music and lyrics== James Christopher Monger of Allmusic described the album as an "equally evocative, yet more traditional collection of songs that suggest what Nick Drake might have sounded like had he emerged in the early oughts instead of the late '60s." In addition, Monger felt that the release "never feels like a self- absorbed, autobiographical bore, as Jones' is an enigmatic enough narrator and a gifted enough arranger that what initially seems like ephemera turns out to be surprisingly affecting." At The Fly, Edward Devlin wrote that Ryder-Jones is "a skilled arranger with a keen eye for detail. This surprisingly assured collection of songs sounds like the work of a seasoned songwriter." Barry Nicolson of NME said that the effort is "not maudlin or cynical, but often quite comical", and noted that the music is being "delivered in a hushed, semi-spoken voice that frequently sounds like it’s trying to slunk out of the musical foreground. Once you’ve accustomed yourself to the sedate pace, something haunting, stately and – in a small-scale, arthousey sort of way – cinematic gradually reveals itself." The area of production was touched on by In Your Speakers' Theresa Flanagan who wrote that Ryder-Jones is "a well- seasoned veteran of the music industry and it shows in the well-crafted production, not so much in his genuinely humble affect." At Q, James Oldham highlighted that the album is "melancholic, tauntly-arranged and given warmth by Arctic Monkeys collaborator James Ford's sparse production". At musicOMH, Martin Headon wrote that "there's more than enough here to establish Ryder- Jones as a serious solo artist – all it needs is one more notch on the self- confidence dial, and that potential could translate into astounding results." Soundblab's Dan Clay told that the listener "leave[s] [...] feeling fully immersed, satisfied and impressed." This Is Fake DIY's Johnny Owen told that "while his vocal delivery sounds as though he’s having to force each word out through cracked lips at the end of a long night, the accompanying music fits perfectly" because it contains "a certain world-worn raggedness." At The 405, Mike Emerson felt that "the album could do with a couple more stand out moments both musically and vocally, however, as far as singer-songwriter albums go, this one stands out a mile." Furthermore, Emerson told that "the straight forward nature of the album doesn't do it any harm whatsoever, yet a lack of any major shift in tempo doesn't do it many favours", and that the truthfulness "really connects, and when distributed with such a softly spoken vocal the songs don't struggle to become quite hypnotising." Dean Van Nguyen of Pitchork wrote that Ryder-Jones "vocal is dulled and rasping throughout, and the songs never blossom like those on If..., seemingly hamstrung by his limited range." At the Metro, Amy Rose Dawson felt that the album "showcase[s] [...] more conventional songwriting in the indie folk vein, big on delicate guitar strumming and pretty piano chords." In terms of lyrics, Devin evoked that "the cathartic lyrics paint vivid pictures and emotional scenes throughout, while the grandeur of the compositions and stirring melodies lift the confessional bedroom ballads from potential despair to salvation." Headon felt that Ryder-Jones "skills as songwriter and arranger are clearly evident – each song builds with subtlety and restraint, and there’s a neat rhythmic twist halfway through Anthony & Owen that brings his former band to mind." Owen told that Ryder-Jones "resides firmly in singer-songwriter territory, occupying a space somewhere between fellow Domino alumni Elliott Smith and Bill Callahan." Emerson wrote that "there are soft guitars meandering slowly through gracious flows of percussion, as drifts of piano keys wash over the surface. Hushed, and often heartbreaking lyrics are ushered into proceedings and at first, everything seems quite basic. After a few plays of the album, you begin to appreciate the beauty of the arrangements, and realise that the structure of these tracks is undoubtedly the reason for their success." In addition, Emerson said that the album "takes somewhat of a step backwards in complexity, albeit with more overall components involved. It's more of a back to basics singer-songwriter album, put together with a 20/20 eye for composition." Van Nguyen noted how "If...'s more sweeping arrangements, playing to Ryder-Jones’s strengths, which are not insignificant, if sadly underused here." Dawson told that "the lyrics are very personal but pleasingly subtle, and Ryder-Jones can write a nice tune, but the whole thing starts to drift into one after a few tracks." ==Critical reception== A Bad Wind Blows in My Heart has received almost universally positive reception from music critics. At Metacritic, which assigns a "weighted average" score to ratings and reviews from selected mainstream music critics, the Metascore for the album is a 78, which is based on 10 reviews. At AnyDecentMusic?, they have a "weighted average" rating of a 7.3-out-of-ten that is based on 11 reviews. James Christopher Monger of Allmusic called it a "measured, melancholy, and mysterious, Jones' debut as a singer/songwriter is as subtle as it is striking, skillfully marrying the sedate melancholy of Elliott Smith with the sly, darkly comic lyricism of The National." At The Fly, Edward Devlin evoked that it is "an intimate and very British release to cherish and hold close; it also happens to be one of the year’s best so far." Barry Nicolson of NME proclaimed it to be "a meticulously crafted album." At The Observer, Phil Mongredien told that "there's a disarming openness to the lyrics and a warmth to the arrangements that make this an album that rewards repeated listening." Theresa Flanagan of In Your Speakers rated the album a 76-out-of-100, and affirmed that it "is a pretty big step out of the shadows for Ryder-Jones, which is clear in the genre-appropriate intimate vulnerability of the album." At Uncut, Jim Wirth noted how "the results are extraordinary." James Oldham of Q wrote that the album has "takes on a conventional band set-up, but it's as impressive, offering a crisply original take on the classic singer-songwriter approach." In addition, Oldham proclaimed Ryder-Jones "a true talent to keep an eye on." At Mojo, Lois Wilson highlighted that "the resulting songs [...] [are] beautifully built around guitar, piano, drums and strings [...] [and] are as their psycho-geography would suggest, intimate autobiographies, about ruined relationships." At musicOMH, Martin Headon alluded to how the release is "an intriguing prospect" that is "a brave album [...] predictably melancholy and unassuming, perhaps, but also highly accomplished and sometimes deeply affecting." Dan Clay of Soundblab rated that album a 7.5-out-of-ten, and told that Ryder-Jones has "honed his melodic skills" because he has "emerged from jangly-pop kings The Coral," with an album that has a "melancholy feel." At This Is Fake DIY, Johnny Owen found that "while it had to have taken some stones to leave his comfort zone and decide to go his own way with no safety net, it seems like it was a gamble that’ll pay off for both him and us", and this leaves "any doubts though have [arisen], with 'A Bad Wind Blows In My Heart', [have] been well and truly dispelled." Mike Emerson of The 405 rated the album a 7-out-of-ten, and called it "a luxurious listen." However, Dean Van Nguyen of Pitchfork rated that album a 5.2-out-of-10.0, and noted how the album has "a clumsy title," but found "what's most disappointing about the album is how Ryder-Jones has almost completely abandoned taking any sonic risks." At the Metro, Amy Rose Dawson evoked that the release "provides some momentary oomph [...] but this is ultimately music for those who find the likes of Damien Rice over-stimulating." ==Track listing== ==Personnel== * Bill Ryder-Jones – producer ;Production * James Ford – additional producer, additional engineer, mixing * Darren Jones – additional producer, additional engineer, additional mixing ;Other personnel * Matthew Cooper – design * Paul J. Street – design * Alex Southern – photography * Ada Stallman – artwork ==Chart performance== Chart (2013) Peak position UK Albums (OCC) 174 ==References== Category:2013 albums Category:Domino Recording Company albums Category:Bill Ryder-Jones albums

A Badly Broken Code is the debut studio album by Dessa, a member of Minneapolis indie hip hop collective Doomtree. It was released by Doomtree Records in 2010. The album title comes from a line in the poem "Nostalgia" by American poet Billy Collins. ==Reception== Jakob Dorof of Tiny Mix Tapes gave the album 4 stars out of 5, saying, "The result is likely one of the best hip- hop songs you'll hear this year, let alone from the rare type of MC that manages to be white, female, and supremely talented all in one." The A.V. Club listed it as the 20th best album of 2010. In 2010, City Pages listed it as the "Best Local Album of the Past 12 Months". The track "The Bullpen" was frequently used as walk out music at rallies by Minnesota Senator Amy Klobuchar during her 2020 Democratic presidential primaries campaign. ==Track listing== ==Charts== Chart Peak position US Heatseekers Albums (Billboard) 13 US Top R&B;/Hip-Hop Albums (Billboard) 48 US Rap Albums (Billboard) 22 ==References== ==External links== * * Category:2010 debut albums Category:Dessa albums Category:Doomtree Records albums Category:Albums produced by Lazerbeak

A Bag Full of Blues is an album by American jazz organist Jimmy McGriff featuring performances recorded in 1967 and originally released on the Solid State label.Payne, D., Solid Sonny Lester discography accessed April 14, 2015Payne, D., Jimmy McGriff discography accessed April 14, 2015Solid State Records discography accessed April 14, 2015 ==Reception== AllMusic gave the album 3 stars.Allmusic listing accessed April 14, 2015 ==Track listing== All compositions by Manny Albam # "Better Late Than Never" - 4:50 # "Finishin'" - 3:23 # "Slim Jim" - 5:35 # "Time Waltzes On" - 6:00 # "The Long Day's Night" - 4:23 # "The Long Hot Walk" - 5:14 # "The Deacon's Peekin'" - 4:20 # "Friday Nite's Rite" - 5:20 ==Personnel== *Jimmy McGriff - organ *Joe Newman - trumpet *Jerome Richardson - tenor saxophone, soprano saxophone *Barry Galbraith, Wally Richardson - guitar *Richard Davis - bass *Mel Lewis - drums *Manny Albam - arranger, conductor ==References== Category:Solid State Records (jazz label) albums Category:Jimmy McGriff albums Category:1967 albums Category:Albums produced by Sonny Lester Category:Albums arranged by Manny Albam Category:Albums conducted by Manny Albam

A Bag Full of Soul is an album by American jazz organist Jimmy McGriff featuring performances recorded in 1966 and originally released on the Solid State label.Payne, D., Solid Sonny Lester discography accessed April 14, 2015Payne, D., Jimmy McGriff discography accessed April 14, 2015Solid State Records discography accessed April 14, 2015Jazzlists album entry accessed April 14, 2015 ==Reception== The AllMusic review by Michael Erlewine simply stated "McGriff with funk guitarist Thornell Schwartz". ==Track listing== All compositions by Jimmy McGriff except as indicated # "I Cover the Waterfront" (Edward Eliscu, Johnny Green) - 5:00 # "D.B. Blues (Part I)" - 6:18 # "D.B. Blues (Part II)" - 5:05 # "See See Rider" (Ma Rainey) - 4:17 # "Red River Blues" - 3:26 # "Hallelujah" - 2:33 # "Boston Bust Out" - 3:14 # "On the Way Home" - 3:29 ==Personnel== *Jimmy McGriff - organ *Thornel Schwartz - guitar *Willie Jenkins - drums ==References== Category:Solid State Records (jazz label) albums Category:Jimmy McGriff albums Category:1966 albums Category:Albums produced by Sonny Lester

A Bag of Gold is a live album by pianist Les McCann recorded in 1960-64 and released on the Pacific Jazz label.Pacific Jazz Records Catalog: 10100/20100 series accessed January 12, 2016Freed., R. Les McCann Discography accessed January 12, 2016 ==Reception== Allmusic gives the album 3 stars. == Track listing == All compositions by Les McCann # "The Shampoo" - 8:41 # "(Shades of) Spanish Onions" - 2:55 # "The Shout" - 5:35 # "Gone On and Get That Church" - 3:40 # "Fish This Week" - 2:40 # "Kathleen's Theme" - 3:31 # "The Truth" - 6:45 # "We'll See Yaw'll After While Ya Heah" - 3:48 == Personnel == *Les McCann - piano *Paul Chambers (tracks 5 & 6), Victor Gaskin (tracks 1-3), Herbie Lewis (tracks 4, 7 & 8) - bass *Paul Humphrey (tracks 1-3, 5 & 6), Ron Jefferson (tracks 4, 7 & 8) - drums == References == Category:Les McCann live albums Category:1966 live albums Category:Pacific Jazz Records live albums

A Bag of Hammers is a 2011 American comedy-drama film directed by Brian Crano and written by Crano and Jake Sandvig, who co-stars in the film with Jason Ritter. The soundtrack was written and performed by British folk musician Johnny Flynn. ==Plot== Ben and Alan are great friends who have known each other since high school, and they haven't grown up. For a living, they pose as valets at funerals and then steal their customers' cars and sell them to a pessimistic car dealer. Melanie, Alan's sister, encourages them to find respectable occupations, but Ben and Alan don't take Mel's advice. Then, Lynette moves into their neighborhood. She is a single mother who is financially insecure and has a short temper, as Mel finds out. When Lynette commits suicide, Alan and Ben take her son Kelsey under their wing. With the help of an unenthusiastic Mel, who deems their idea crazy, they try to involve him within their car-theft scheme. However, they come to realize that Kelsey needs more suitable role models, and Ben and Alan will have to grow up. ==Cast== * Jason Ritter as Ben Dwellman * Jake Sandvig as Alan Manilow * Chandler Canterbury as Kelsey Patterson ** Johnny Simmons as Kelsey, age 18 * Rebecca Hall as Melanie "Mel" Manilow * Carrie Preston as Lynette Patterson * Todd Louiso as Marty * Gabriel Macht as Wyatt * Amanda Seyfried as Amanda Beekler * Micah Hauptman as Vince Ortega * Elmarie Wendel as The Mark ==Reception== ===Critical response=== A Bag of Hammers received mixed reviews. Website Metacritic gave the film a score of 50 out of 100, indicating "mixed or average reviews". , the film holds an approval rating of 62% on review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, based on 21 reviews with an average rating of 5.42/10. Andy Webster of The New York Times wrote in his review: "A Bag of Hammers, Brian Crano's low-budget dramedy and first feature, is certainly sure of itself. Any film tossing comic interludes among its closing credits has to be convinced of their hilarity and of the good will the movie has earned with viewers by then. Perhaps the film's naked traffic in sentiment up to that point made Mr. Crano so bold. Whatever; his confidence was unwarranted." John DeFore of The Hollywood Reporter wrote in his review: "First-time director Brian Crano delivers a muddled comedy starring Jason Ritter and Rebecca Hall about two felons who unexpectedly wind up taking care of a neglected child." Scott Tobias of The A.V. Club enjoyed the film and gave it a B−. Other reviewers, such as Nick Schager of Time Out New York hated the film, giving it one star out of five. ===Release=== A Bag of Hammers was released for a limited time starting March 12, 2011, at the SXSW festival and in theatres May 12, 2012. The film was released on DVD on June 19, 2012, by MPI Home Video. ===Accolades=== Year Award Category Recipient(s) Result Ref. 2013 Young Artist Award Best Performance in a Feature Film - Leading Young Actor Ten and Under Chandler Canterbury ==References== ==External links== * * * Category:2011 films Category:2011 comedy-drama films Category:American comedy-drama films Category:American independent films Category:Films shot in Los Angeles Category:2011 directorial debut films Category:2011 independent films Category:2010s English-language films Category:2010s American films

A Bag of Marbles () is a Second World War autobiographical novel by the French Jewish author Joseph Joffo. It tells the story of his flight, as a small boy, with his brother Maurice to escape from Nazi occupied France to the Zone Libre.Bastian Naumann - 2007 Joseph Joffo - Un Sac de Billes: 3638672328 - Seminar paper de l'annee 2005 dans le domaine Etudes des langues romanes - Francais - Littérature, note: 2,0, Christian-Albrechts-Universitat Kiel (Romanisches Seminar), cours: Einfuhrung in die Literaturwissenschaft II, 36 sources ... Joffo was refused by many publishers before being encouraged by the newly founded publishing house Éditions Jean-Claude Lattès to get the help of an editor to publish the text.Un sac de billes de Joseph Joffo (Fiche de lecture): Résumé complet 2806219027 Hadrien Seret, lePetitLittéraire.fr, - 2011 "Décryptez Un sac de billes de Joseph Joffo avec l’analyse du PetitLitteraire.fr " The book was a phenomenal best-seller, being made into a major film two years later. ==Plot summary== Joseph is an ordinary boy with ordinary interests; he dislikes lessons and enjoys playing marbles with his friends. But in 1941, when Paris is occupied by the Nazis, his childhood comes to an end. Never before having known what it means to be a Jew, Joseph is forced to wear a yellow star. Due to his schoolmate's admiration of the yellow star, he makes his first business transaction with Zérati, a friend from school: his yellow star exchanged for a bag of marbles. The racism which results from the occupation leaves only one possibility to Joseph and his brother Maurice: they must flee. Their father, who owns a hairdressing salon, advises them what to do when they leave. Despite having been driven from their home because of their Jewish identity, they are told they must never let anyone know that they are Jews. They are attempting to escape from the grasp of Hitler and his S.S. men as they infiltrate France. They travel through northern France to the de-militiarised zone in the South. They cross the Demarcation Line in the dead of night with the help of another young boy called Raymond. Once into safe France they travel down to Menton via Marseille, where they spend a fantastic day taking in the sea - something they have never seen before. The boys then spend four blissfully safe months in Menton with their brothers, Henri and Albert, before having to leave the town for Nice, where their parents are waiting. The boys spend the summer in Nice with their parents. But due to the surrender of the Italians, when they removed Mussolini in favor of Pietro Badoglio, and the arrival of the Germans in safe France, they have to flee quickly to "Moisson Nouvelle", a camp for boys run by the Vichy government. The boys are safe here for a while, and make many friends, until one day when they accompany the lorry driver Ferdinand into Nice where he leads them, unintentionally, straight into a Nazi trap. They are taken to the "Hotel Excelsior", the Nazi headquarters in the region. Fortunately, due to their carefully thought up lies and the persistence of a priest, they escape a month later, still alive but pretty rattled. Sadly, they soon learn of the arrest of their father, who had his papers with him at the time, which means it is no longer safe for the two youngsters to remain in Nice. As the autumn turns to winter, Joseph and Maurice travel north to see their sister, where they learn that it is unsafe for them to stay; so they go to join their brothers in the Alpine resort of Aix-les-Bains. Here Maurice spends the rest of the war working in a bakery, and Joseph works for the owner of the village bookshop - a staunch Petainist. The two brothers also brush up with resistance fighters in the area, when Joseph has to pass on a secret message. Joseph returns to Paris shortly after peace is announced, in an over- crowded train. Maurice returns by road, although in his typical style he also takes enough cheese to make a very large profit on! They are both re-united with their family in the salonalthough sadly not their father, who was murdered in the Auschwitz concentration camp before the end of the war. ==Films and graphic novel== A 1975 film adaptation of the novel was directed by Jacques Doillon. This was followed by a 2017 film adaptation directed by Christian Duguay. A 2012 graphic novel adaptation by Kris and Vincent Bailly was nominated in the Will Eisner Comic Industry Awards as Best Reality-Based Work. ==References== == External links == * * A Bag of Marbles at Rotten Tomatoes Category:1973 French novels Category:French autobiographical novels Category:Novels set during World War II Category:French novels adapted into films

A Bag of Marbles () is a 1975 French film based on the 1973 autobiographical novel Un sac de billes by Joseph Joffo.Annette Insdorf, Indelible Shadows: Film and the Holocaust, 2003, , p. 370: "A Bag of Marbles (Un sac de billes, 1975), on the other hand, is the story of two Jewish children who must move from Paris to southern France. Directed by Jacques Doillon, it is really the story of Joseph (Richard Constantini), tracing his development from incapacitating fear to first love and courageous action." Doillon made use of mainly non-professional actors, as also in his next film with children, La Drôlesse (1979). Among the non-professional actors, the father - who is captured and sent to Auschwitz - is played by Jo Goldenberg, owner of the famous deli at 7, Rue des Rosiers in Paris's Jewish district, which 7 years after the film was the site of the Chez Jo Goldenberg restaurant attack. == Cast == * Richard Constantini : young Joseph * Paul-Eric Shulmann : young Maurice * Joseph Goldenberg : their father * Reine Bartève : their mother * Hubert Drac : Henri * Gilles Laurent : Albert * Michel Robin : Mancelier * Dominique Ducros : Françoise * Stephan Meldegg : sous-officier salon de coiffure * Axel Ganz : officier salon de coiffure * Pierre Forget : the teacher * Marc Eyraud : priest on train * Hélène Calzarelli : young girl on train * Yves Wecker : Raymond, le passeur * Bernadette Le Saché : la réfugiée * Antonino Faa Di Bruno : le vieux beau * Antoine Neri : l'Italien de la bargue * Max Vialle : le concierge * Dominique Besnehard : le moniteur * Alain Peysson : Ferdinand * Hans Verner : l'officier allemand * Dieter Schidor ==References== Category:1975 films Category:Films directed by Jacques Doillon Category:Films scored by Philippe Sarde Category:French drama films Category:1970s French-language films Category:1970s French films

A Bag of Marbles () is a 2017 French drama film directed by Christian Duguay, based on the autobiographical novel A Bag of Marbles by Joseph Joffo. It is the second time the novel has been made into a film after Un sac de billes (1975). The film won the Best Narrative Audience Award at the Philadelphia Jewish Film Festival 37."Audience Award Winners" Philadelphia Jewish Film Festival. The film was also a jury prize competitor at the Atlanta Jewish Film Festival. ==Plot== In occupied France during World War II, two young Jewish brothers, Maurice and Joseph, are sent by their parents to the Italian Zone, and display courage, intelligence and ingenuity as they escape the occupiers and try to reunite their family. At the very end of the film, Maurice and Joseph, who became barbers like their father, are shown in the present day (2017) in a Paris cafe. ==Cast and characters== * Dorian Le Clech as Joseph * Batyste Fleurial as Maurice * Patrick Bruel as Roman * Elsa Zylberstein as Anna * Bernard Campan as Amboise Mancelier * Kev Adams as Ferdinand * Christian Clavier as Doctor Rosen * César Domboy as Henri * Ilian Bergala as Albert * Emile Berling as Raoul Mancelier * Jocelyne Desverchère as Marcelle Mancelier * Coline Leclère as Françoise * Holger Daemgen as Alois Brunner * Michael Smadja as Simon * Lucas Prisor as German Controller * Frédéric Épaud as the priest Buffa ==Reception== On review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds an approval rating of 83% based on 24 reviews, and an average rating of 7.3/10. On Metacritic, the film has a weighted average score of 55 out of 100, based on 7 critics, indicating "mixed or average reviews". Hannah Brown of The Jerusalem Post called A Bag of Marbles "One of the best movies told about the holocaust from a child’s point of view". The film was shot in the south of France and in Žatec, Czech Republic. ==References== ==External links== * Category:2017 drama films Category:2017 films Category:French drama films Category:2010s French-language films Category:Films set in France Category:Films directed by Christian Duguay (director) Category:Canadian drama films Category:French-language Canadian films Category:2010s Canadian films Category:2010s French films

A Bag of Shells is an album of music written for film by Jamie Saft which was released on the Tzadik label in 2010. It features the music that Saft wrote and recorded for the documentaries Murderball (2005) and God Grew Tired of Us (2006), Dear Talula (2007) and Brooklyn Exile (2007). ==Reception== In his review for Allmusic, Thom Jurek notes that: ==Track listing== All compositions by Jamie Saft # "Murderball" – 1:22 # "My Biggest Fear" – 4:27 # "Circle C" – 1:50 # "Morning Music" – 7:30 # "Social Security" – 0:50 # "Joe's Rush" – 2:22 # "Ninann" – 1:15 # "Right Again" – 5:16 # "Piano for the Masses" – 1:10 # "Parliament" – 3:26 # "Keith Goes Home" – 4:03 # "Job Corps" – 1:27 # "Dezert Blues" – 4:25 # "Hyphen's Air" – 2:57 # "Hermans" – 4:52 # "Brooklyn Exile (Theme)" – 2:32 *Tracks 1, 6, 11 & 14 from Murderball (2005), tracks 5, 10 & 12 from God Grew Tired of Us (2006), tracks 2–4, 7–9, 13 & 15 from Dear Talula (2007) and track 16 from Brooklyn Exile (2007). ==Personnel== *Jamie Saft – piano (tracks 3, 9, 13, 15 & 16), Fender Rhodes (tracks 4, 6 & 8), Mellotron (tracks 6 & 9), organ (tracks 6, 10 & 13), Wurlitzer (track 11), synthesizer (tracks 2 & 11), guitar (tracks 1, 2, 4, 7, 8, 11 & 13), bass guitar (tracks 1, 2, 4, 6–8, 10 & 13), drums (track 8), percussion (tracks 2, 4, 7 & 14), programming (track 14) *Bill McHenry – tenor saxophone (track 15) *Erik Friedlander – cello (track 6) *Yacouba Sissoko – kora (track 10) *Shanir Ezra Blumenkranz – oud (tracks 5 & 10) *Vin Cin – bass (track 16) *Bobby Previte (tracks 4 & 13), Dmitriy Shnaydman (track 1 & 16) – drums *Cyro Baptista – percussion (tracks 5 & 10) ==References== Category:Tzadik Records soundtracks Category:Jamie Saft albums Category:2010 soundtrack albums Category:Film scores Category:Soundtrack compilation albums

A Bahraini Tale () is a 2006 Bahraini Arabic-language drama film directed by Bassam Al-Thawadi, screenplay by Fareed Ramadan and starring Saad Abdulla, Fatima Abdulrahim and Abdulla Al Sa'adawi. This is the third feature film to be directed by Bassam al-Thawadi and one of the only three films ever made in Bahrain. ==Synopsis== Set during the Six-Day War of 1967, the film revolves around the personal story of a middle-class Bahraini family and an account of the hopes and faith the Arab world had in Gamal Abdul Nasser as its leader. ==Cast== * Saad Abdulla as Salim * Fatima Abdulrahim as Fatima * Abdulla Al Sa'adawi as Juma Khamis * Ebrahim Al-Ghanim as Tickets Man * Hassan Al-Majed as Mahmood * Mahmood Al-Mulla as Bu Jassim * Juma'an Al-Rowayai as Hamad * Ahmed Aqlan as Sultan * Abdulla Bahar as Mad Man * Yousif Bu Hallol as Yaqoob * Ahmed Fardan as Salman * Shayma Janahi as Munira * Mubarak Khamis as Abdulla Khamis * Abdulrahman Mahmood as Man * Wafa Maki as Mahmood Sister * Abdulla Malik as Ali * Fahad Mandi as Yahya * Latifa Mujren as Hamad's Mother * Shatha Sabt as Nayla * Majeda Sultan as Sharoof Al-Zarqa * Abdulla Wlaad as Rashed * Mariam Ziman as Latifa * Nadeem Ziman as Khalifa == Reception == The film was screened nationwide across Bahrain and across the Arab world. The film was critically acclaimed by critics locally and internationally. It was given a 90% rating by Rotten TomatoesA Bahraini Tale at Rotten Tomatoes \- NB: not available on Rotten Tomatoes so not verifiable. == References == == External links == * * A Bahraini Tale at Rotten Tomatoes * Review by local critic * Category:2006 drama films Category:2006 films Category:Bahraini drama films Category:2000s Arabic-language films Category:Films set in 1967 Category:Films set in 1970 Category:Films set in Bahrain Category:Films shot in Bahrain Category:Works about the Six-Day War Category:Coming-of-age films based on actual events Category:2000s coming-of-age drama films

A bailar! is the second album of Spanish group Banghra after the success of their debut album La danza del vientre. Two singles were released from the album: "Una especie en extincion" and "Unidos". ==Track listing== # Una Especie En Extincion (3:51) # Unidos (3:14) # Babylon (3:55) # Bore-Nâ (3:00) # City Light (3:21) # Give It Away (4:36) # Mi camino negro (3:20) # No Time (3:50) # Sin ti (3:44) # Quedate aqui (3:17) # 13th Street (3:20) # Una Especie En Extincion (Radio Edit) # Unidos (Radio Edit) # City Light (Radio Edit) # Mi Camino Negro (Radio Edit) ==Charts== It was released on Vale Music in July 2008 and reached #54 in August 2008. Year Chart pos. Certification SpanishCharts.com ...a bailar! page 2008 54 ==References== Category:2008 albums Category:Spanish-language albums Category:Banghra albums Category:Vale Music albums

A Bailar is the debut studio album by Argentine singer Lali, first released on 21 March 2014. The album peaked at No. 5 in Argentina, where it was certified gold by the Argentine Chamber of Phonograms and Videograms Producers (CAPIF). For the 2015 Gardel Awards, A Bailar won in the categories for "Best New Pop Artist Album" and "Best Female Pop Album".For view the winners, select "2015" in the up right side of the page. Espósito embarked on a concert tour to promote the album, A Bailar Tour. It was highly successful in South America. ==Singles== Espósito released "A Bailar" as the lead single on 12 August 2013. The single was a success in Argentina and Latin America. In 2014, the song won in the category for "Favorite Latin Song" at the Kids' Choice Awards Argentina and for "Best Female Music Video" at the Quiero Awards. "Asesina", was released on 29 October 2013 as a promotional single of the album and it was released on 10 March 2014 as the second single off the album. The song is a hip-hop/pop genre song. It won the Quiero Award for "Best Choreography". In November 2014 Espósito performed "Mil Años Luz" at Susana Giménez, which was released as the third single of A Bailar the same night. The music video is a multi-angle live performance at Teatro Opera Allianz in Buenos Aires. The song won in the category for "Favorite Song" at the 2015 Kids' Choice Awards Argentina. After signing with Sony Music Argentina, Espósito released her fourth single on 7 January 2015 by releasing a lyric video for "Del Otro Lado". The song is a ballad about a couple's misfortunes. A music video was released on 10 March 2015, a year after the "Asesina" music video. "Histeria" was released on 11 September 2015 as A Bailar's fifth and last single along with the music video. The song marks the album's highest charting single as it peaked at No. 3 on the Argentina Los 40 Principales and at No. 2 in Paraguay. ===Promotional singles=== "Amor de Verdad" was released as the first promotional single from A Bailar and it served to promote the deluxe edition of the album. Espósito performed the song a days before its release at the A Bailar Tour, but the song premiered on 9 December 2014 along with A Bailar fanpack edition. The track is included as extra material along with "A Bailar (Triplex Remix)" and the DVD, but it was digital released in single way, separated from the album. The song also provides uncredited vocals by Argentine rapper Zetta Krome. ==Promotion== In 2014, Espósito performed "A Bailar" and "Asesina" at the ninth season of Bailando por un Sueño. In the same year, the singer performed "Mil Años Luz" at Susana Giménez and "Del Otro Lado at The U-Mix Show. In 2015, she performed "Mil Años Luz" at the tenth edition of Bailando por un Sueño's season premiere and also, at the 2015 Gardel Awards. Espósito first live performance of "Histeria" was at the Kids' Choice Awards Argentina 2015, where she also performed "Mil Años Luz". In December, 2015 Espósito performed "Histeria" and "A Bailar" at the tenth edition of Bailando por un Sueño's season finale. ===Tour=== Espósito began a worldwide tour on 19 April 2014 to promote A Bailar due to its international success. The tour included stops throughout Argentina, Uruguay, Spain, Italy and Israel. ==Awards== Year Awards Ceremony Award Results 2014 Latin Music Italian Awards Best Latin Female Album of the Year 2015 Gardel Awards Best Female Pop Album Best New Pop Album ==Track listing== ;Note *Songwriting credits extracted from SADAIC official website. Click on the song titles to find out the songwriting credits, editors, etc. ==Charts performance== ===Monthly charts=== Chart Peak position Argentine Albums (CAPIF) To view the chart position Select '2015' and 'Julio'. 5 Top 20 Albums Israel (IFPI) 15 Uruguayan Albums (CUD) 3 ==Certifications== ==Release history== Region Date Version Format Label Argentina 21 March 2014 Standard edition CD 3musica Worldwide 25 March 2014 Worldwide 3 December 2014 Fanpack edition Argentina 9 December 2014 CD + DVD Uruguay 19 December 2014 Chile 23 March 2015 Israel 8 April 2016 Standard edition CD Sony Music == References == Category:2014 albums Category:Lali Espósito albums Category:Spanish-language albums Category:Sony Music Argentina albums

"A Bailar" is the debut single by Argentine singer Lali, serving as the lead single for her debut studio album of the same name (2014). The song was released to digital download on Lali's official website on August 5, 2013. It was co-written and produced by Espósito, Pablo Akselrad, Luis Burgio and Gustavo Novello from the production company 3musica. ==Live performances== Espósito gave her first live performance of "A Bailar" on her first show as solo artist on September 2, 2013 at La Trastienda Club, Buenos Aires. On October 11, 2013, Espósito performed the song on Disney Channel's The U-Mix Show, becoming its first televised performance. Additionally, the singer performed the song at the 2014 Emozione Festival in Caserta, Italy on March 15. Through the rest of 2014, she performed the single at the 2014 edition of Un Sol para los Chicos and at the ninth edition of Bailando por un Sueño. One year later, Espósito performed the song at the tenth edition season finale of Bailando por un Sueño Argentina. In 2016, Espósito performed the song on Laten Argentinos and at the 2016 edition of Un Sol para los Chicos. "A Bailar" was also part of the setlist of Espósito's worldwide tour, A Bailar Tour. ==Music video== The video was released on Espósito's YouTube channel on September 5, 2014. The video shows the singer dancing through different scenarios. Lali can also be seen singing with an old microphone. The video won in the category of "Best Female Video" at the 2014 Quiero Awards. ==Remix== The official remix by TripleX was released on 3 December 2015 with "Amor de Verdad" as part of the deluxe edition of A Bailar. ==Formats and track listings== ==Awards and nominations== For the 2014 Quiero Awards, the song won in the category of "Best Female Video" and received a nomination for "Best Pop Video". It also won the award for "Favorite Song" at the 2014 Kids' Choice Awards Argentina. Year Awards Ceremony Category Result 2014 Kids' Choice Awards Argentina Favorite Song Quiero Awards Best Female Video Best Pop Video ==References== Category:2013 songs Category:Lali Espósito songs Category:2013 singles Category:Songs written by Gustavo Novello Category:Songs written by Pablo Akselrad Category:Songs written by Lali Espósito

The A Bailar Tour was the first headlining concert tour by Argentine recording artist Lali in support of her debut studio album, A Bailar (2014). The tour began on April 19, 2014, in Buenos Aires and concluded in on April 25, 2016, Tel Aviv. It was the highest-grossing tour of 2015 in Argentina. ==Background== On September 2, 2013, Espósito had launched her solo career in an show at La Trastienda. The same night, she performed "A Bailar", "Asesina" and "Del Otro Lado". On March 15, 2014, a few days before the album release, Espósito performed "A Bailar" at the Caserta Festival in Italy. The first leg of the tour included shows in Argentina, Uruguay, Spain and Italy. On November 27, Espósito performed as the opening act for a Ricky Martin's show at Ciudad del Rock, Buenos Aires in front of more than eighty thousand people. The five shows at the Opera Allianz Theater grossed AR$ 2,500,000. The second leg of the tour consisted in five summer shows and performances in festivals. The dates for the third leg of the tour were announced on March 4, 2015, via Espósito's official Twitter account. Most of the dates included cities that had been previously visited in the first leg. Because of the high ticket demand for the shows in Rosario and Salta, a second date in each city was added. The fourth and last leg of the tour included dates in Argentina, Uruguay, Chile and Israel. On October 3, 2015, Espósito performed as the opening act for Katy Perry's The Prismatic World Tour show at Hipódromo de Palermo in Buenos Aires. This leg of the tour included two sold out dates at the Luna Park Arena in Buenos Aires and two at the Menora Mivtachim Arena in Tel Aviv. ==Set lists== ==Shows== List of concerts, showing date, city, country, venue, opening acts, tickets sold, number of available tickets and amount of gross revenue Date City Country Venue Opening acts Attendance Revenue South AmericaSouth American dates (first leg): * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * April 19, 2014 Buenos Aires Argentina Teatro Opera Allianz rowspan="24" 5,000 / 5,000 $2,500,000 April 20, 2014 May 3, 2014 Mar del Plata Radio City rowspan="6" May 4, 2014 Olavarria Teatro Municipal 500 / 500 May 17, 2014 Bahía Blanca Teatro Don Bosco rowspan="4" May 23, 2014 Rosario Auditorio Fundación Astengo May 24, 2014 Santa Fe Teatro ATE Casa España May 31, 2014 Córdoba Quality Espacio July 8, 2014 Buenos Aires Teatro Opera Allianz 7,500 / 7,500 July 9, 2014 July 21, 2014 August 29, 2014 La Plata Coliseo Podestá rowspan="2" rowspan="13" September 19, 2014 Centro Cultural Dardo Rocha October 18, 2014 Montevideo Uruguay Teatro de Verano 4,218 / 4,218 October 24, 2014 Ituzaingó Argentina Teatro Gran Ituzaingó rowspan="2" October 25, 2014 Avellaneda Teatro Colonial October 26, 2014 Buenos Aires Ciudad del Rock 60,000 / 60,000 November 26, 2014 La Trastienda Club rowspan="7" November 27, 2014 November 30, 2014 Mendoza Auditorio Ángel Bustelo December 1, 2014 San Juan Teatro Sarmiento December 4, 2014 Catamarca Cine Teatro Catamarca December 5, 2014 Santiago del Estero Teatro 25 de Mayo December 6, 2014 Tucumán Teatro Mercedes Sosa EuropeEuropean box score: * * December 13, 2014 Madrid Spain Teatro Goya rowspan="2" 520 / 520 rowspan="2" December 15, 2014 Rome Italy Duepuntozero 847 / 847 South AmericaSouth American box score (second leg): * South American box score (third leg): * * *South American box score (fourth leg): * * * * * January 16, 2015 Buenos Aires Argentina F. Alcorta y Pampa 6,400 / 6,400 rowspan="18" January 20, 2015 Mar del Plata Divermar Nahuel 60,000 January 31, 2015 Rivadavia Centro de Deportes rowspan="13" rowspan="3" February 8, 2015 Villa María Anfiteatro Villa María February 14, 2015 Tigre Parque de la Costa May 1, 2015 Tucumán Teatro Mercedes Sosa 1,594 / 1,594 May 2, 2015 Santiago del Estero Centro de Convenciones 2,115 / 2,115 May 23, 2015 Rosario Teatro El Círculo 2,900 / 2,900 May 24, 2015 May 30, 2015 Córdoba Quality Espacio 4,039 / 4,039 June 6, 2015 Corrientes Club Regatas June 13, 2015 Neuquén Gimnasio Parque Central 700 / 700 June 20, 2015 Salta Teatro Provincial de Salta 3,040 / 3,040 June 21, 2015 August 23, 2015 Córdoba Estadio Mario Alberto Kempes 57,000 / 57,000 September 19, 2015 Villa Carlos Paz Parque Asistencia del Rally DJ Martín Huergo Kawen 20,000 September 20, 2015 Pilar Predio Piané Adriel Montanari 20,000 September 26, 2015 San Salvador de Jujuy Estadio 23 de Agosto rowspan="2" 20,000 October 3, 2015 Buenos Aires Hipódromo de Palermo 17,623 / 17,623 $1,745,600 October 4, 2015 Totoras Unión Futbol Club Cristian Amado 3,000 rowspan="26" October 24, 2015 Junín Complejo San Martín rowspan="2" November 23, 2015 Buenos Aires La Trastienda Club 600 November 29, 2015 Olavarría Parque Helios Esverri El Entrevero Alta Gamma 100,000 December 12, 2015 Montevideo Uruguay Teatro de Verano Victoria Solé 4,218 / 4,218 December 19, 2015 Posadas Argentina Costanera Kemerer rowspan="6" rowspan="2" December 20, 2015 Puerto Iguazú Costanera Eduardo Arrabal January 14, 2016 Mar del Plata Mute beach 60,000 January 16, 2016 Punta del Este Uruguay Conrad Hotel & Casino 1,500 / 1,500 January 18, 2016 Jesús María Argentina Anfiteatro José Hernandez 22,000 January 21, 2016 San Francisco Superdomo San Francisco rowspan="2" January 22, 2016 Villa del Rosario Anfiteatro Villa del Rosario Francisco Efrén & Magui Rosales January 31, 2016 Salta Delmi Arena rowspan="3" 3,000 / 4,070 February 5, 2016 Villa María Anfiteatro Villa María 12,000 / 12,000 February 8, 2016 General Roca Predio Ferial 90,000 February 9, 2016 Lincoln Hector Serazzi stage Lisandro Marqués rowspan="4" February 12, 2016 Colón Parque Quirós rowspan="10" February 13, 2016 Leones Club Leones February 14, 2016 Trenque Lauquen Club Barrio Alegre February 20, 2016 Comodoro Rivadavia Estadio Municipal 20,000 February 27, 2016 Punta del Este Uruguay Conrad Hotel & Casino 1,000 / 1,500 March 6, 2016 Tucumán Argentina Estadio Central Córdoba rowspan="2" March 12, 2016 Paraná Club Echagüe March 18, 2016 Buenos Aires Luna Park 18,580 / 18,580 March 19, 2016 April 14, 2016 Santiago Chile Teatro Nescafé de las Artes 983 / 983 Asia April 24, 2016 Tel Aviv Israel Menora Mivtachim Arena rowspan=2 14,024 / 14,024 rowspan="2" April 25, 2016 Total 644,921 / 646,131 (99,8%) — ==Cancelled and rescheduled shows== List of cancelled concerts, showing date, city, country, venue and reason for cancellation Date City Country Venue Reason/Additional Info October 8, 2014 Lima Peru Claro Convention Center Festivals cancelled November 7, 2014 Buenos Aires Argentina Estadio Malvinas Argentinas November 22, 2014 Crespo Club Unión Crespo Scheduling conflicts November 23, 2014 Funes Plaza Don Bosco January 19, 2015 Mar del Plata Divermar Rescheduled for January 20, 2015 due to bad weather November 14, 2015 Baradero Anfiteatro Pedro Carossi Unknown January 29, 2016 Tucumán Central Córdoba Arena Rescheduled for January 30 and finally to March 6, 2016, due to bad weather February 7, 2016 Lincoln Hector Serazzi stage Rescheduled for February 9, 2016 due to bad weather ==Notes== ==Live broadcasts== Date City Channel / Website Audience April 19, 2014 Buenos Aires eltrecetv.com.ar — January 20, 2015 Mar del Plata cronica-tv.com.ar — January 31, 2015 Rivadavia América TV February 8, 2015 Villa María Canal 10 (Córdoba) June 20, 2015 Salta 3musica.com — September 19, 2015 Villa Carlos Paz Canal CM September 26, 2015 San Salvador de Jujuy Canal 4 (Jujuy) January 14, 2016 Mar del Plata Sedal Argentina on YouTube — January 18, 2016 Jesús María TV Pública 2.4 As "Argentina Festeja" January 22, 2016 Villa del Rosario TV Pública 1.6 As "Argentina Festeja" February 5, 2016 Villa María TV Pública 2.8 As "Argentina Festeja" ==References== Category:Lali Espósito concert tours Category:2014 concert tours Category:2015 concert tours Category:2016 concert tours

{{Infobox settlement | name = A Baixa Limia | native_name = | native_name_lang = es | settlement_type = Comarca | image_skyline = | image_alt = | image_caption = | image_flag = Sin_bandera.svg | flag_alt = | image_shield = Sin_escudo.svg | shield_alt = | nickname = | motto = | image_map = Comarca Baixa Limia.png | map_alt = | map_caption = | coordinates = | coordinates_footnotes = | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = | subdivision_type1 = Autonomous community | subdivision_name1 = Galicia | subdivision_type2 = Province | subdivision_name2 = Ourense | seat_type = Capital | seat = | parts_type = Municipalities | parts_style = list | p1 = Bande, Entrimo, Lobeira, Lobios, Muíños | leader_party = | leader_title = | leader_name = | area_footnotes = | area_total_km2 = | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = | population_footnotes = | population_total = 9245 | population_as_of = | population_density_km2 = | population_demonym = | population_note = | blank_name_sec1 = Largest municipality | blank_info_sec1 = | timezone1 = CET | utc_offset1 = +1 | timezone1_DST = CEST | utc_offset1_DST = +2 | postal_code_type = Postal code | postal_code = | area_code_type = Dialing code | area_code = | website = | footnotes = }} A Baixa Limia, in Spanish Baja Limia, is a comarca in the Galician Province of Ourense. The overall population of this local region is 9,245 (2005). ==Municipalities== Bande, Entrimo, Lobeira, Lobios and Muíños. == References == A Baixa Limia

A Balcony in Paris (French: Un balcon à Paris) is an oil-on-canvas painting by the French Impressionist painter Gustave Caillebotte. It was completed c. 1880–1881. The dimensions of the painting are 55.2 by 39 centimeters. It is housed in a private collection. ==Description== This painting is one of several by Caillebotte in which an urban street, viewed from a balcony, is seen through the spaces of an ornate iron grill in the foreground, differentiating the space of the street from the interior of his bourgeois home, 31 boulevard Haussmann in Paris. The motif may have been inspired by similar juxtapositions seen in many Japanese ukiyo-e prints.Varnedoe, Kirk (1987). Gustave Caillebotte. New Haven: Yale University Press. p. 154. center|thumb|150px|Gustave Caillebotte's 3rd story balcony. ==See also== * List of paintings by Gustave Caillebotte ==References== Category:1881 paintings Category:Paintings of Paris Category:Paintings by Gustave Caillebotte

A Balinese Trance Seance is a 1979 documentary film by ethnographic filmmaker Tim Asch and anthropologist Linda Connor that profiles Jero Tapakan, a Balinese spirit medium. It was one of five films that were made with Jero Tapakan and were considered to be exemplary ethnographic films.Alexander, Paul (1998) "Jero Tapakan: Balinese Healer. An Ethnographic Film Monograph". The Australian Journal of Anthropology January, 1998 The film was the first in the series; the later films were: Jero on Jero: "A Balinese Trance Seance" Observed (1981), The Medium is the Masseuse: A Balinese Massage (1983), and Jero Tapakan: Stories From the Life of a Balinese Healer (1983).Sherzer, Joel (1998) "Jero Tapakan: Balinese Healer, An Ethnographic Film Monograph". Oceania ==Notes== ==Further reading== * Linda Connor, Patsy Asch and Timothy Asch (1986) Jero Tapakan: Balinese Healer. An Ethnographic Film Monograph. Monograph No. 9, Ethnographics Press, Los Angeles: University of Southern California, (1986) 1996 2nd Edition. . ==External links== *A Balinese Trance Seance * Category:1979 films Category:Indonesian documentary films Category:American documentary films Category:Anthropology documentary films Category:Documentary films about religion Category:Films directed by Timothy Asch Category:Films shot in Indonesia Category:1979 documentary films Category:1970s English-language films Category:1970s American films

A Ball for Daisy is a 2011 children's wordless picture book written and illustrated by Chris Raschka. The book tells the story of a dog named Daisy, who has a beloved ball destroyed and then replaced. Raschka won the 2012 Caldecott Medal for his illustrations in the book. The creation of the book took years but was praised for its ability to evoke emotion in the reader. A sequel, Daisy Gets Lost, was released in 2013. == Background and publication == Author and illustrator Chris Raschka first thought about the idea for A Ball for Daisy 10 years before writing it, after seeing how upset his son got after he lost a ball thanks to a dog. Prior to creating the book he sketched various combinations of balls and dogs. Raschka described the process of creating the book as a difficult one. He had wanted to write a wordless picture book so that "a child could read the book without knowing how to read. The challenge lay in conveying the emotions the way he wanted to, but without any words. The book was published May 10, 2011 and was followed by a sequel, Daisy Gets Lost, in 2013. == Plot == A Ball for Daisy is a wordless children's picture book that tells the story of a small white dog named Daisy and her favorite red ball. Daisy is so obsessed with the ball that she takes it everywhere with her, sleeps with it, and overall has to be near it constantly. As her owner takes Daisy out for a walk one day, her ball gets snatched by a brown dog wanting to play. Daisy tries her hardest to get the ball back, but the other dog insists on playing with it and accidentally pops it. Daisy's owner then throws the ball in the trash and takes Daisy home. For a while, Daisy acts distraught over her loss. Later, Daisy's owner takes her for another walk, and on the walk they see the same dog that popped Daisy's ball, but this time that dog has a shiny new blue ball. The other dog gives the blue ball to Daisy, which makes her very happy. == Writing and illustrations == The story centers on an idea and theme that is relatable to for children and could help build emotional resiliency.Marcus, L. S. (2012). Chris Raschka Unleashed. Horn Book Magazine, 88(4), 32–35. Retrieved from ebscohost. Many reviewers commented on Raschka's strength in depicting emotions so well. He uses colors to help depict the changing moods in the story. Raschka illustrated the book using watercolors. Several reviewers also commented on Raschka's skill with broad brushstrokes. The illustrations give the appearance of having been drawn without revision and combine watercolor and comic book drawing techniques. Its Caldecott win was part of a trend of wordless picture books being honored, which began with David Wiesner's honor book Free Fall and part of Rashka's ability to "take risks" with each of his books. == Reception and awards == The book was well reviewed, gaining starred reviews from The Horn Book Magazine,HORNING, K. T. (2011). A Ball for Daisy. Horn Book Magazine, 87(5), 77. Retrieved from ebscohost. which praised the book as "noteworthy for both its artistry and its child appeal"; Kirkus Reviews, which wrote of how "rarely, perhaps never, has so steep an emotional arc been drawn with such utter, winning simplicity"; and School Library Journal, which noted how it matched the illustrator's other work, "Raschka continues to experiment with what is essential to express the daily joys and tribulations of humans and animals." The book was a New York Times Best Seller and was named by it as one of the best books of 2011. The book was awarded the 2012 Caldecott award. "Chris Raschka’s deceptively simple paintings of watercolor, gouache and ink explore universal themes of love and loss that permit thousands of possible variants", said Caldecott Medal Committee Chair Steven L. Herb. The Wall Street Journal agreed with its choice as a Caldecott Medal recipient. Raschka had never dreamed that he might win the Caldecott and was on his way to his studio when the committee called to tell him of his win. ==References== Category:2011 children's books Category:Caldecott Medal–winning works Category:American picture books Category:Children's books about dogs Category:Wordless books

A Ballad About Green Wood () is a 1983 Czechoslovak short film written and directed by Jiří Barta. It is also known as The Ballad of Green Wood. It tells a story about spring and renewal, portrayed with animated pieces of firewood. It is inspired by the Legend of Vesna from Slavic folklore. ==Plot== A man chops firewood in the winter and leaves the wood in the snow. One of the split pieces has a woman's face. As the snow melts, the wood pieces begin to dance. Water flows and plants sprout around them. A rook attacks and eats the piece with a woman's face. The rook's body turns into a piece of wood with a distorted carved face. Plants die and the snow returns. The rook flies into a cave and goes to sleep. The sun rises and shines into the cave. The rook awakens and sees a piece of wood that looks like a knight on horseback. The knight charges and kills the rook with its lance. The firewoods place the rook's body on a pile of twigs, from which greenery grows and covers it. The rook transforms into a piece of firewood with a woman's face, and grows green twigs of its own, as the other firewoods dance around it. Back at the original location, the man picks up the firewoods and rips off the green twigs before he goes inside. Smoke comes out of his chimney. ==Themes== The film celebrates the cyclical renewal of life in the spring. According to Barta, humans are always subject to the flow of the natural world. His own ambition, which is reflected in the film, is to be attentive to nature and follow its rhythm. The film scholar Adam Whybray describes the film as a series of movements between anthropocentric rational time and the natural world's natural or traditional time. Natural time becomes ecstatic in the spring, is frozen during the winter, and then renewed the next spring. Jenny Jediny of Not Coming to a Theater Near You writes that the "fondness for the ancient and mythological" foreshadows Barta's 1986 film The Pied Piper". ==Production== The story is based on a folk tale about the Sun Prince and the virgin Vesna. The film was originally conceived in the 1970s and was to be directed by František Vláčil, but due to other commitments Vláčil abandoned it. Barta revived the project and changed its artistic direction. The film was shot in the Bohemian Forest, the High Tatras, the Koněprusy Caves and at Studio Jiřího Trnky in Prague. Barta chose to make it outdoors because he was determined that a film about nature should depict real nature. This proved demanding due to the heavy reliance on stop-motion puppet animation, performed by the animator Milan Svatoš, and the impact of the weather. Clouds and the sun's position created strict time limits, wind would blow over the meticulously positioned puppets, and rain caused halts in the production. The depiction of thaw was achieved by pouring water over a snowpack for several hours. The musical score was composed by Vladimír Merta. ==Reception== Reviewing the DVD Jiri Barta: Labyrinth of Darkness in 2006, Jamie S. Rich of DVD Talk described the film as "more visually stunning than illuminating, but cool all the same". He wrote that the video quality was poor; "probably the worst looking of the set"; and the audio "mixed a little low, as well". In Animation: A World History (2016), the scholars Giannalberto Bendazzi and Tommaso Iannini call it "a simple, short film of great impact". ==See also== * List of films based on Slavic mythology ==References== ===Notes=== ===Sources=== * * * * * * * * * ==External links== * * Catalogue entry at Krátký film Praha Category:1983 animated films Category:1983 short films Category:1983 films Category:Czechoslovak animated short films Category:Films directed by Jiří Barta Category:Animated films based on Slavic mythology Category:1980s animated short films

A Ballad Album, is an album by saxophonist Warne Marsh which was recorded in 1983 and released on the Dutch Criss Cross Jazz label. == Reception == The Allmusic review states: == Track listing == # "I Can't Give You Anything but Love, Baby" (Jimmy McHugh, Dorothy Fields) – 5:42 # "The Nearness of You" (Hoagy Carmichael, Ned Washington) – 7:57 # "How Deep Is the Ocean?" (Irving Berlin) – 5:49 # "Spring Is Here" (Richard Rodgers, Lorenz Hart) – 5:10 # "How High the Moon" (Morgan Lewis, Nancy Hamilton) – 7:16 # "Time on My Hands" (Vincent Youmans , Harold Adamson, Mack Gordon) – 4:36 # "Emily" (Johnny Mandel, Johnny Mercer) – 5:03 # "My Romance" (Rogers, Hart) – 5:40 # "How Deep Is the Ocean?" [take 3] (Berlin) – 5:39 Bonus track on CD reissue # "Time on My Hands" [take 1] (Youmans, Adamson, Gordon) – 5:11 Bonus track on CD reissue # "The Nearness of You" [take 1] (Carmichael, Washington) – 7:30 Bonus track on CD reissue == Personnel == *Warne Marsh – tenor saxophone *Lou Levy – piano *Jesper Lundgaard – bass *James Martin – drums == References == Category:Warne Marsh albums Category:1984 albums Category:Criss Cross Jazz albums