Ukuguqula izakhi zofuzo ezenzeka emzimbeni, okuholela ekwakhekeni kahle kwezinso ezithile. Kuye lapho amaseli bese ngasiphi isigaba zenzeka, ukwehlukahlukana zofuzo singenzeka, ngamanye amazwi, ushintsho olunjalo adluliswa, kulandele amaseli sitholwa njengefa. Izinguquko angaphansi izici ezithile zomzimba, kuncike genotype. Abakwazi qhubeka izizukulwane eziningana, futhi kwezinye izimo kukhona ukunqwabelana ngeziphambeko ezinjalo.ukushintshashintsha bofuzo ungaboniswa kugucuka ethize ziba zimbi kangangokuba zingenza ngokushesha ukukhomba kubo. Ubu-albino umzimba isibonelo ukushintsha izakhi zofuzo okuqondiswa nezinguquko zofuzo lapha kungabuye yokuntuleka feathering noma izimpondo kwezilwane kanye nezinye izici ezifanayo kuchasiselwe. Izimila isimangaliso esifanayo futhi kwenzekani - ukuhluka ngobukhulu amacembe noma plant ukuphakama, nezinye kwezinso sobala. Konke lokhu is phetho ngokuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo nokufana kufakwe umqondo izinguquko ezuzwa umzimba.izindlela kumiswaNobe nguliphi licembu abantu ukuthi ahlalisane kungakapheli isikhathi esithile, kwamiswa kuguquka nokuguqulwa. Basuke kuhlanganiswe nomaphi ngesisekelo izici ezikhona sitholwa njengefa. Kukhula ukuphambuka, aba maningi amathuba ukuvela izinguquko ezintsha elibuye bachezuke kuyinsakavukela.Ukuguqula izakhi zofuzo zenzeka ngesikhathi kumiswa amaseli. Ngo isinyathelo gamete Fusion isakhi sofuzo recombination kwenzeka, okuyinto imbangela enkulu kokuhlukana. Isizathu kungaba chromosome noma inhlanganisela okungahleliwe ngesikhathi meiosis kanye kokukhulelwa. Ngenxa ukubonakaliswa ngesikhathi kusaqala Kumiswa nge ukushintshashintsha zofuzo.Nokho, kuguquka kungaqali angesabi noma ngephutha zenzeka, zingabantu ngenxa ithonya elithile izici. Mutagen kungenzeka njalo yokuchayeka emisebeni ye, begazi noma viral umphumela amakhemikhali.Uma iseli lapho kuguquka iphutha, unawo amandla kabusha, kungenzeka ukuthi kwakhiwa ukwehluka zofuzo is. Izinguquko kungaba isakhi sofuzo, ocwaningweni noma chromosomal kuye zivela lapho.Ukuguqula izakhi zofuzo ekuziphendukeleni kwemveloukushintshashintsha bofuzo ekuziphendukeleni kwemvelo nomphumela ophawulekayo endleleni umzimba. Inani lawo ngokwanele ezinkulu, futhi okokuqala lokhu mkhuba futhi izindlela aso eqala ukuba zihlolwe ekhulwini le-18.UCharles Darwin wathi zonke izinto eziphilayo kukhonjelwe ukushintshashintsha ngabanye. izici zako ezisemqoka wabiza ingozi, rarity isihlobo kanye non-ohlangothini ngokwemvelo. Lokhu kakhulu inkimbinkimbi imizamo ukubikezela inqubo noma ukuqagela.Nokho, kuguquka kwaholela ekwakhekeni inqolobane ukushintshashintsha zofuzo, ukwakheka genotypes ezahlukene. Nokho, ubunjalo umsebenzi onjalo ikakhulukazi wenza kokuhlukana combinative - ngesikhathi ukuzala kwenzeka recombination lezakhi zofuzo. Lokhu kushintsha kwedivayisi zezakhi zofuzo kanye nokusebenzisana zabo kule genotype, kodwa izakhi zofuzo ngokwabo musa ukushintsha, ngakho-ke akukho okungavamile.Lezi zinqubo zisiza ukuze uqonde kangcono ukuthi ukushintshashintsha futhi Ukuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo. Kusukela umbono kwemvelo umehluko obalulekile ngabanye. Uma kuziwa ukubonakaliswa izinguquko ngofuzo, ucabangela hhayi kuphela khona zezakhi zofuzo okungavamile, kodwa inhlanganisela yabo nabanye izakhi zofuzo okuqondene genotype, ngaphezu, kungase ngandlela-thile, kuthinte izimo zezemvelo kanye nokuthuthukiswa ngqo umzimba.Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kuba ukudluliswa ezibalulekile olunembile nesidoda okunikelwe ukusuka kwesinye isizukulwane kuya kwesinye, kodwa ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukulondolozwa ulwazi oluqukethwe izakhi zofuzo ezingaba yingozi kakhulu ukuba umzimba.Iyini inqubo methodological? Izinhlobo kanye nokubekwa ngezigaba amasu sekufundzisa. amasu Instructional ekilasiniUbukhulu yonke, isakhiwo izintoBiography: Cosmonaut Nikolaev Andrian GrigorevichIzifo kanye IzimbangelaJeans zabesifazane, sundresses, imfashini, stylish, kwenta njaloNeva: ziyamaniswa nokungangeni. nemingenela Major iNevaIndlela yokwenza ihhashi ngebumba - a enemininingwane master ekilasiniYini isidlo caviar abomvu ingalungiswa?
