Aspirin UPSA > Ukwelashwa nokuvimbelaI-Aspirin UPSA: imiyalo esetshenzisiweAmathebhulethi ase-effvenuecent efomu eliyindilinga, amhlophe. Lapho kuncibilikiswa emanzini, kuphuma ama-Bubble.Isithako esisebenzayo: i-acetylsalicylic acid (500 mg), izithasiselo: i-sodium carbonate anhydrous, i-citric acid i-anhydrous, i-sodium citrate i-anhydrous, i-sodium bicarbonate, i-crospovidone, i-aspartame, ukunambitheka kwe-orange yemvelo, i-povidone.Vitamin C: acetylsalicylic acid (330 mg), ascorbic acid (200 mg). Abahambeli: i-glycine, i-sodium benzoate, i-anhydrous citric acid, i-monosodium carbonate, i-polyvinylpyrrolidone.Amathebulethi ama-4 asebenza kahle emugqeni we-aluminium foil efakwe ngaphakathi ne-polyethylene. Imichilo emi-4 noma engama-25 kanye nemiyalo yokusetshenziswa kwiphakethe lekhadibhodi.Vitamin C: Amathebulethi ayi-10 nge-tube ngayinye. Ithhubhu elilodwa noma amabili ebhokisini lekhadibhodiInemiphumela yokulwa nokuvuvukala, i-analgesic ne-antipyretic ehambisana nokucindezelwa kwe-cycloo oxygenase 1 no-2, elawula ukwakheka kwama-prostaglandins. Yehlisa ukuhlangana, ukunamathela kweplatelet kanye ne-thrombosis ngokuvimbela ukuhlanganiswa kwe-thromboxane A2 kuma-platelet, kuyilapho umphumela we-antiplatelet uphikelela isonto elilodwa ngemuva komthamo owodwa.Inzuzo yefomu elinyibilikayo lomuthi uma liqhathaniswa ne-acetylsalicylic acid emathebhulethini ukufakwa okuphelele futhi okusheshayo kwento esebenzayo nokubekezelelana kwayo okungcono.I-aspirin ye-UPSA idonswa ngokushesha kune-aspirin ejwayelekile. Iqoqo eliphezulu le-acetylsalicylic acid lifinyelelwa ngemizuzu engama-20. Ingxenye ye-plasma Half-life isuka imizuzu eyi-15 kuye kwengama-30. I-Acetylsalicylic acid iba ngaphansi kwe-hydrolysis ku-plasma ngokwakhiwa kwe-salicylic acid. ISalicylate ihlotshaniswa kakhulu namaprotheni e-plasma. Ukuchithwa kwe-urinary kuphakama nge-pH yomchamo. Ukuphila kwesigamu se-salicylic acid kusuka emahoreni amathathu kuya kwayi-9 futhi kuyanda ngethamo elithathiwe.Ubuhlungu obulinganiselayo noma obumnene kubantu abadala bemvelaphi ehlukahlukene: ikhanda elibuhlungu (kufaka phakathi nalawo ahlotshaniswa nesifo sokuhoxiswa kotshwala), izinyo, i-migraine, i-neuralgia, i-radicular radicular syndrome, imisipha nobuhlungu obuhlangene, izinhlungu ngesikhathi sokuya esikhathini.Ukukhuphula izinga lokushisa komzimba kumakhaza nezinye izifo ezithathelwanayo nezivuvukelayo (kubantu abadala nasezinganeni ezineminyaka engaphezu kwengu-15).Izilonda eziwohlozayo nezilondayo zomgudu wesisu esigabeni esibuhlungu, ukopha kwesisu,Umfutho wegazi ophakeme,"Aspirin" isifuba somoya,Exortating Aortic Aneurysm,I-Phenylketonuria,I-hemorrhagic diathesis, kufaka phakathi i-hemophilia, i-telangiectasia, isifo se-Willebrand, i-thrombocytopenia, i-hypoprothrombinemia, i-thrombocytopenic Purpura,Ukushoda kwe-glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase,I-Hypersensitivity ezingxenyeni ze-Aspirin UPSA noma ezinye izidakamizwa ezingeyona i-steroidal anti-inflammatory,Umsebenzi wesibindi owenziwe ukhubazeka kanye nezinso,Umuthi uvunyelwe ukuthathwa kuphela ku-II trimester yokukhulelwa, lapho uthathwa ngesikhathi sokuqunjelwa, ukuncelisa kunconywa ukuthi kumiswe. I-Aspirin UPSA ayisetshenziswa ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-15 ubudala ngenxa yobungozi beReye syndrome.I-Aspirin kufanele ithathwe. ngokunakekela nge-urate nephrolithiasis, i-hyperuricemia, ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo ukubola kanye ne-peptic ulcer yesisu kanye ne-duodenum ku-anamnesis. Uma usebenzisa i-aspirin, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ingabangela ukuhlaselwa okukubi kwe-gout ngesiphetho esivele sikhona.Umthamo kanye nohlu lokwamukelwa kunqunywa ngudokotela ohambelayo, ngoba lapha konke kuncike eminyakeni yobudala kanye nesiguli.Amathebulethi e-efflementscent kumele aqale ancibilikiswe ku-100-200 mg wamanzi abilisiwe endaweni yokushisa yegumbi. Umuthi kufanele uphuzwe uma sekudliwe.Ngobuhlungu obukhulu, ungathatha i-400-800 mg ye-acetylsalicylic acid izikhathi ezi-2 ngosuku (kepha hhayi ngaphezu kwe-6 g ngosuku). Njengomenzeli we-antiplatelet, kusetshenziswa imithamo emincane - 50, 75, 100, 300 noma 325 mg wento esebenzayo. Ngomkhuhlane, kunconywa ukuthatha i-0.5-1 g ye-acetylsalicylic acid ngosuku (uma kunesidingo, umthamo ungandiswa ube ngu-3 g).Isikhathi sokwelashwa akufanele sidlule izinsuku eziyi-14.Emuthweni ophakanyisiwe, i-Aspirin UPSA ivame ukubekezelelwa kahle. Akuvamile ukuthi, lapho uthatha umuthi, kungavela le nkinga elandelayo:Ukuqhuma kwesikhumba, "i-aspirin triad", i-bronchospasm kanye ne-Quincke's edema,Umsebenzi wezinso ongasebenzi kahle,I-Epistaxis, isikhathi esengeziwe sokuqina, izinsini ezopha igazi,Isicanucanu, ukulahleka kokudla, ukugabha, ukopha kwesisu, ubuhlungu be-epigastric, uhudo,I-Thrombocytopenia, i-leukopenia, i-anemia, i-hyperbilirubinemia.Uma kwenzeka imiphumela engathandeki, ukuphathwa kwe-Aspirin UPSA kufanele kuyekwe.Kufanele uqaphele ukudakwa kwabaluphele futhi ikakhulukazi ezinganeni ezincane (ukuphuza ngokweqile noma ukudakwa ngengozi, okuvame ukutholakala ezinganeni ezincane kakhulu), okungaholela ekufeni.Izimpawu zemitholampilo - ngokudakwa okulinganiselayo, i-tinnitus kungenzeka, ukulahleka kwezindlebe, ikhanda, isiyezi, isicanucanu kuwuphawu lokusebenzisa ngokweqile. Lezi zimo ziqedwa ngokunciphisa umthamo. Ukudakwa kakhulu - i-hyperventilation, ketosis, alkalosis yokuphefumula, i-metabolic acidosis, ikhehla, ukuwohloka kwenhliziyo, ukwehluleka ukuphefumula, i-hypoglycemia ephezulu.Ukwelashwa - ukususwa ngokushesha kwesidakamizwa ngokugeza isisu. Ukungeniswa esibhedlela ngokushesha esikhungweni esikhethekile. Ukulawulwa kwebhalansi ye-Acid-base. Ukuphoqelelwa kwe-alkaline diuresis, i-hemodialysis, noma i-peritoneal dialysis uma kunesidingo.Inhlanganisela ene-methotrexate ifakwa ku-contraindication, ikakhulukazi kumthamo ophezulu (lokhu kwandisa ubuthi), kanye nama-anticoagulants omlomo esikweni esiphakeme, ingozi yokopha iyanda.Inhlanganisela engafuneki - ngama-anticoagulants omlomo (ngamanani aphansi, ingozi yokuphuma kwegazi ikhuphuka), nge-ticlopidine (ikhulisa ubungozi bokuphuma kwegazi), ngama-uricosuric agents (ukwehla komthelela we-uricosuric kungenzeka), nezinye izidakamizwa ezilwa nokuvuvukala.Inhlanganisela edinga ukuqaphela: ngama-antidiabetesic agents (ikakhulukazi, ama-sulfamides anciphisa ushukela) - umphumela we-hypoglycemic uyakhula, nama-antacid - izikhala phakathi kwemithamo ye-antacid nemishanguzo ye-salicylic kufanele ibonwe (amahora ama-2), nge-diuretics - ngemithamo ephezulu yemishanguzo enosawoti amanzi, qapha umsebenzi wezinso ekuqaleni kwemithi yokwelashwa ngenxa yokwehluleka kwezinso okwenzeka kakhulu esigulini esinamanzi, ngama-corticoids (glucocorticoids ) - kungenzeka wehlise salitsilemii ngesikhatsi ukwelashwa nge corticoids futhi kukhona ingozi ukweqisa izidakamizwa of salicylate ngemva uphelela.Umuthi uphulwa phakathi nesikhathi sokukhulelwa ku-I no III trimester. Kwi-trimester yesibili yokukhulelwa, umthamo owodwa womuthi on the doses Kunconywe kuphela uma inzuzo elindelwe kunina izodlula engcupheni engaba yingozi enganeni. Uma kudingekile ukusebenzisa umuthi ngesikhathi sokuqunjelwa, ukuncelisa kufanele kuqedwe.Umuthi ungasiza ukopha, futhi ukwandise isikhathi sokuya esikhathini. I-Aspirin yandisa ingozi yokopha uma kwenzeka ihlinzwa.Ezinganeni, lapho unquma umuthi, kuyadingeka ukuthi ucabangele ubudala nesisindo somzimba.Ngokudla kwe-sodium-free, lapho kuhlanganiswa isidlo sansuku zonke, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ithebhulethi ngayinye ye-UPSA aspirin ene-Vitamin C iqukethe cishe i-485 mg ye-sodium.Ezilwaneni, umphumela we-teratogenic wesidakamizwa uyaphawulwa.Ngokwemiyalo, i-Aspirin Oops ikhonjisiwe:Izifo ezibandayo, ezithathelanayo nezivuvukala ezinganeni ezineminyaka engaphezu kwengu-15 nabadala, zihambisana nomkhuhlane,Ubuhlungu obuthambile noma obulinganiselayo ezigulini zabantu abadala zemvelaphi ehlukahlukene: ikhanda elibuhlungu, kubandakanya ukudakwa, i-migraine, izinyo, isifuba i-radicular syndrome, i-neuralgia, i-algomenorrhea, ubuhlungu bendawonye nokuqina kwemisipha.Ithebhulethi i-Aspirin Oops ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa kufanele ichithwe engxenyeni yengilazi noma emanzini.Izingane ezineminyaka engaphezu kwengu-15 ubudala kanye neziguli ezindala zinqunywa ithebhulethi eyi-1 kuye ezikhathini ezi-6 ngosuku. Ngobuhlungu obukhulu, ukushisa okuphezulu, ukuphathwa kwesikhathi esisodwa kwe-Aspirin Ups kuvunyelwe kumthamo wamaphilisi ama-2. Umthamo ophelele wansuku zonke akufanele udlule amaphilisi ayi-6 (3 g).Iziguli esezikhulile i-Aspirin Ups zinqunywe ithebhulethi eyi-1 kuye izikhathi ezi-4 ngosuku. Ukuqwalaselwa njalo kohlobo lokusetshenziswa kwe-Aspirin Oops kukuvumela ukuthi unciphise ukuqina kwesifo sezinhlungu futhi ugweme ukwanda okwengeziwe kokushisa komzimba.Isikhathi sokulashwa kwezidakamizwa akufanele singeqi ezinsukwini ezingama-5 lapho sinqunywe njenge-anesthetic nezinsuku ezi-3 njenge-antipyretic.Ukusetshenziswa kwomuthi kumithamo ephezulu isikhathi eside kungadala izimpawu ezilandelayo zokweqisa:Anikine ikhandaUkuzwa ukulahleka,Ukucindezelwa ukwaziUkwephulwa kwe-metabolic-electrolyte metabolism,Uma kwenzeka ukwanda kwe-overdose, isiguli kufanele senze ukuhlanza noma ukuhlanza isisu, uthathe ama-adsorbents kanye nama-laxatives. Kunconywa ukuya esibhedlela.Ukusetshenziswa kwe-Aspirin Oops kungadala imiphumela elandelayo elandelayo:Ukwehla komzimba: ukuqubuka kwesikhumba, i-bronchospasm, i-Quincke's edema, i- "aspirin" triad (i-asthma ye-bronchial, i-polyposis yakhala kanye ne-paranasal sinuse, ukungabekezeleli i-acetylsalicylic acid),Uhlelo lwe-Urinary: ukungasebenzi kahle kwezinso,Uhlelo lokugaya ukudla: isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, isifo sohudo, ubuhlungu be-epigastric, ukopha esiswini, umsebenzi owengeziwe wama-enzyme wesibindi, ukuncipha kokudla,Uhlelo lwe-Hematopoietic: i-anemia, i-thrombocytopenia, i-hyperbilirubinemia, i-leukopenia,Uhlelo lokuhlanganisa igazi: i-hemorrhagic syndrome (ukuphuma kwegum, impumulo), isikhathi esandisiwe sokuqina kwegazi.Uma kwenzeka kuthuthukiswa imiphumela emibi, isiguli kufanele siyeke ukuthatha ama-Aspirin Ups.Imiyalo esetshenzisiwe:I-Aspirin UPSA isidakamizwa esingelona se-steroidal elwa nokuvuvukala sisetshenziselwa ukudambisa izinhlungu futhi sinciphise izinga lokushisa lomzimba ezifweni ezivuthayo noma ezithathelanayo.I-UPSA aspirin, ngokwemiyalo, kufanele igcinwe endaweni enomoya omncane, ngaphandle kwezingane futhi ivikelwe ukukhanya, endaweni eyomile, emazingeni okushisa angeqi ku-30 ​​° C.Umuthi usatshalaliswa emakhemisi ngaphandle kokuthola umuthi, impilo yawo eshalofini, ngokuya ngezincomo eziphambili zomenzi, iminyaka emithathu. Ngemuva kosuku lokuphelelwa yisikhathi, umkhiqizo kufanele ulahlwe.Ukwakheka kwalo muthiInto esebenzayo enquma izakhiwo zesidakamizwa yi-acetylsalicylic acid, okuqukethwe kungama-500 mg.Izithako ezingemuva ezithola ukwakheka nezakhiwo zomenzeli wezokwelapha yi-citric acid, i-sodium compounds (i-carbonate ne-citrate), ukunambitheka kwe-orange nephunga, i-aspartame, i-croslovidone, nezinye izinto.I-Aspirin kumathebulethi asebenza kahle amunca ngokushesha kunomkhiqizo ofanayo, kodwa ngendlela yawo ejwayelekile. Ukuhlushwa okuphakeme kakhulu egazini kwakhiwa imizuzu eyi-10 kuya kwengama-40 ngemuva kokuphathwa. Into esebenzayo iyi-hydrolyzed ukwenza i-salicylic acid, nayo enomphumela wokwelapha. Zombili lezi zakhi zisakazeka ngokushesha emzimbeni wonke, zinqoba umgoqo we-placental, owenziwe ngobisi.I-acetylsalicylic acid iguqulwa esibindini, ama-metabolites ayo ayathululwa emchameni.Intengo emaphakathi ama-ruble ayi-187.I-Aspirin ikhiqizwa ngendlela yamathebulethi e-effeedcent. Amaphilisi ayizicaba-cylindrical, abe ne-chamfer kanye nengozi yokuhlukanisa. Lapho amaphilisi eqedwa, ukuphendula kwenzeka ngokukhishwa kwekhabhoni dioksijini.Umkhiqizo uhlanganiswe ngemichilo yamaphilisi ama-4, emaphaketheni ekhadibhodi - imichilo emi-4, isichasiselo esihambisana nayo.Ngokukhulelwa kanye ne-HBUkulungiselela nge-acetylsalicylic acid akunakusetshenziswa ngalezi zikhathi, ikakhulukazi kwabesifazane abakwi-1st noma i-2nd trimester, ngenxa yengozi enkulu ye-fetus pathologies (i-cleft palate, ukuhlukunyezwa kokubunjelwa kwenhliziyo). Uma kunesidingo esiphuthumayo, imithamo kufanele ibe yincane ngangokunokwenzeka, futhi ukwamukela kufanele kube kwesikhashana, kwenziwe ngaphansi kokubhekwa nomsebenzi owudokotela.Ku-trimester yesi-3, i-acid ihlukaniswa ngokwezigaba ezithile, ngoba kungaba nomthelela ekweqisweni kwezingane ngokweqile, umsebenzi ompofu, umsebenzi wezinso ophazamisekile enganeni, kuze kube sekukhuleni kokungakwazi.Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-acid ingavusa inkomba futhi ukopha isikhathi eside kumama noma embungwini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imithamo emincane ye-aspirin nayo iyabangela. Imithamo emikhulu ye-acid esetshenzisiwe ekugcineni kokukhulelwa iholela ekuthuthukiseni ukopha kwe-intracranial. Izingane ezingaphambi kwesikhathi zithambekele kakhulu kulokhu.Abesifazane abane-lactating kufanele futhi balahle i-Aspirin Oops, ngoba i-acetylsalicylic acid inamandla okungena ebisini.Ngenkambo ende ye-Aspirin Oops, kuyadingeka ukuthi kwenziwe ngokuhlelekile ukuhlolwa kwegazi nesitulo, hlola isimo sesibindi.Ezigulini ezine-gout, umuthi ungadala ukwanda, ngenxa yekhono le-acetylsalicylic acid ukuvimbela ukuphuma komchamo.Iziguli ezenziwa ukuhlinzwa ziyayekelwa ukunciphisa ukopha ngesikhathi nangemva kokungenelela.Abantu abalawula ukungena kukasawoti kufanele bakhumbule ukuthi ikhona ekwakhiweni kwe-Aspirin Oops.Uma kunesidingo kwezinye izidakamizwa, khona-ke inkambo ye-Aspirin Ups kufanele yenziwe ngokuqapha, ngoba i-acetylsalicylic acid ihlangana nezakhi zabo, ihlanekezela izakhiwo. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukwazisa udokotela ngezimali ezithathiwe.I-Aspirin ithuthukisa izakhiwo ze-antidiabetesic kanye nama-anticonvulsants, ama-diuretics.Lapho kuhlanganiswa nezidakamizwa eziqukethe utshwala noma utshwala, ukulimala kolwelwesi lwe-mucous lwepheshana esiswini, ukuqina nesikhathi sokukhipha kwangaphakathi kuyathuthukiswa.I-Aspirin ayikwazi ukusetshenziswa ngama-anticoagulants omlomo, ngenxa yokuncipha komphumela wokugcina nokwanda kwengozi yokopha. Uma kunesidingo, udinga ukubheka njalo izinga lokuqina kwegazi.Amalungiselelo aqukethe izinhlanganisela ze-magnesium, i-aluminium, usawoti we-calcium, asheshise ukuhoxiswa kwama-salicylates.Ngokuya ngemithamo enconywe abakhiqizi noma odokotela, imiphumela emibi ngokuvamile ayithuthukisi, kepha ayifakwanga:Ukuboniswa kokungezwani komzimba - isikhumba nokuphefumula (kufinyelela ku-edema ye-Quincke noma i-bronchospasm)Ukuphazamiseka kweStool, Ubuhlungu besisu, ukopha kwangaphakathi, ukulahleka kwesifisoUkopha kwe-Gum, nosebleeds, ukuthamba kanye nokuphazamiseka kwegazi.Uma kunezimpawu ezisolisayo ngemuva kokuthatha i-Aspirin Oops, kufanele kukhanseliwe futhi kubonane nodokotela.Izinhlobo zemithamo ye-Aspirin OopsImboni yezemithi ikhiqiza i-Aspirin Oops, okuyithebhulethi emhlophe ecwebezelayo. Amathebulethi aqukethe i-500 mg yento esebenzayo - i-acetylsalicylic acid. I-Aspirin Oops ihlanganisa nababukeli. Lezi yi-sodium carbonate, i-citric acid, i-sodium citrate. Ukwakheka kwalesi sidakamizwa futhi kune-sodium bicarbonate, i-aspartame, i-flavorings. Iphakheji iqukethe amaphilisi amane ase-Aspirin Oops.Amaphilisi we-Aspirin Oops effeedcent aqukethe i-325 mg ye-acetylsalicylic acid.Imithamo nokuphathwa kwe-Aspirin OopsNgokwemiyalo, i-Aspirin Oops ithathwa ngomlomo, 500-1000 mg ngosuku. Umthamo omkhulu wezinsuku zonke we-Aspirin Oops ungaba amagremu amathathu. Imvamisa isidakamizwa sisetshenziswa kanye noma kabili ngosuku, singasetshenziswa kathathu. Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa, ithebhulethi yesidakamizwa kufanele ichithwe ingilazi yamanzi. Uma ukukhathazeka kubuhlungu obukhulu futhi kunokushisa okuphezulu ekuqaleni kwesifo, khona-ke ungaphuza amaphilisi amabili ngasikhathi sinye. Usuku ukuze ungaphinde uphuze izingcezu eziyisithupha. Abantu abadala bayalulekwa ukuba bangathathi amaphilisi angaphezu kwe-Aspirin Oops. Njenge-antipyretic, i-Aspirin Oops ithathwa izinsuku ezintathu, njenge-analgesic, ungathatha izinsuku ezinhlanu.Izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka emine ubudala azinconywa ukuba zinikeze i-Aspirin Oops. Ukusuka eminyakeni eyi-4 kuye kweyi-6 anikeze ama-200 mg ngosuku, iminyaka engu-7- 9 ithatha ama-300 mg ngosuku. Izingane ezingaphezu kweminyaka engu-12 ubudala zingathatha izikhathi ezingama-250 mg ngosuku, kanti umthamo wosuku kumele ungabi ngaphezu kuka-750 mg.Nge-infyoction ye-myocardial, iziguli zingathatha ama-Aspirin Oops ukusuka ku-40 kuye ku-325 mg kanye ngosuku. Umuthi futhi usetshenziswa njenge-inhibitor ye-platelet aggregation. Kulokhu, i-Aspirin Oops ithathwa ngomthamo wama-325 mg ngosuku isikhathi eside.Ngokwemiyalo, i-Aspirin Oops ingakhuphula umphumela we-heparin kanye nama-anticoagulants omlomo, kanye ne-reserpine, ama-hormone e-steroid. Umuthi unciphisa umphumela wezidakamizwa ze-antihypertensive ngenkathi uzisebenzisa. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-Aspirin Oops nezinye izidakamizwa ezingezona ze-steroidal nezokulwa nokuvuvukala kunganikeza imiphumela emibi emibi.Umkhiqizo ulungele ukusetshenziswa kungakapheli iminyaka emi-3 kusukela ngosuku lokukhishwa. Ukuze ugweme ukulahleka kwezindawo zokwelapha, kufanele zivikeleke ekushiseni, ukukhanya kanye nomswakama ophezulu. Gcina emazingeni okushisa aze afike ku-25 ° C, gcina kude nezingane.Ukukhetha umkhiqizo oqukethe i-acetylsalicylic acid akuyona inkinga namuhla. Kodwa uma unikezwe izici zayo ze-pharmacological, ukufaka esikhundleni kufanele kwenziwe ngosizo lodokotela.I-Bayer (Germany)Intengo emaphakathi 258 rUmkhiqizo uqukethe i-400 mg yento esebenzayo, ecebiswe nge-vitamin C (240 mg). Izithako ezingeziwe izithako ezakha ukwakheka nokuqina komuthi. Umuthi uyatholakala ngesimo samaphilisi amakhulu amhlophe alungiselela isiphuzo, ohlangothini olulodwa kukhona ukufakwa kwe-logo yokukhathazeka ngendlela yesiphambano.Umuthi uphuzwa iphilisi elilodwa elichithwe emanzini, umthamo owodwa ovunyelwe kakhulu ngamaphilisi ama-2, umthamo wesibili ngemuva kwamahora amane.Ikhwalithi enhleOkubi:Ukusabela komzimba kungenzeka.
