Ushukela Wegazi 4 > UkuhlaziyaUshukela 5Ngabe ushukela wegazi 4.5 uvamile noma cha? Uma ushukela onjalo kumuntu osemdala noma enganeni, khona-ke ingabe lokhu kuyinto evamile futhi okufanele yenziwe? Bheka ngokuqhubekayo.Ubani: Kusho ukuthini ukuthi ushukela u-4.5: Ongakwenza: Isimo sikashukela:Ukuzila ukudla kwabantu abadala abangaphansi kweminyaka engama-60 Norm Konke kulungile. 3.3 - 5.5Ngemuva kokudla kubantu abadala abangaphansi kweminyaka engama-60 Yehlisiwe Bona udokotela. 5.6 - 6.6Esiswini esingenalutho kusuka eminyakeni engama-60 kuye kwengama-90 Yehlisiwe Bona udokotela. 4.6 - 6.4Ukuzila ukudla okungaphezulu kweminyaka engama-90 Norm Konke kulungile. 4.2 - 6.7Ukuzila ukudla ezinganeni ezingaphansi konyaka owodwa Kuthuthukisiwe Bona udokotela. 2.8 - 4.4Ukuzila ukudla ezinganeni kusuka eminyakeni eyi-1 kuya kwengu-5 Konke kulungile. 3.3 - 5.0Ukuzila ukudla ezinganeni kusuka eminyakeni engu-5 yobudala kanye nentsha Konke kulungile. 3.3 - 5.5Isimo sikashukela wegazi kusuka ngomunwe esiswini esingenalutho kubantu abadala nasebusheni sisuka ku-3.3 kuya ku-5.5 mmol / l.Uma umuntu omdala noma osemusha enoshukela wegazi we-4,5, khona-ke lokhu kuyinto evamile. Ushukela uvamile, kepha akufanele uphumule. Yidla ngakwesokudla. Ingabe ulinganisa i-cholesterol?Ukusheshisa ushukela wegazi 5.4: lokhu kuyinto eyejwayelekile noma cha?Ushukela wamayunithi angama-5.4 ubonakala njengophawu olujwayelekile lwe-glucose emzimbeni womuntu, futhi ukhombisa ukusebenza okugcwele kwama-pancreas, ukuthathwa koshukela okujwayelekile ezingeni lamaselula.Izinga likashukela emzimbeni alincike ebulilini bomuntu, ngakho-ke lithathwa ngenani elifanayo kwabesilisa nabesifazane. Kanye nalokhu, umehluko omncane wezinkomba ngokuya ngeqembu lomuntu leminyaka.Eminyakeni engu-12-60 yeminyaka, amanani ajwayelekile wokuqukethwe ushukela aqala kumayunithi angama-3.3 kuya kwangama-5.5 (imvamisa ushukela uyama ku-4.4-4.8 mmol / l). Eminyakeni engu-60-90 yeminyaka, umkhawulo ophezulu kashukela ukhuphukela kumayunithi ayi-6.4.Ngakho-ke, ake sibheke ukuthi yiluphi ucwaningo olwenziwayo ukuthola ukunqampuna kashukela egazini lomuntu? Ngabe isifo sikashukela sikhula kanjani (uhlobo ngalunye ngokwehlukana), futhi yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona?I-Research DecryptionUkuhlolwa ushukela kukuvumela ukuthi uthole ukuqoqwa okuqondile kwe-glucose emzimbeni womuntu ojikeleza egazini. Ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile koshukela kwenzeka esiswini esingenalutho, futhi uketshezi lwegciwane luthathwe emunweni noma emthanjeni.Uma isampula yegazi yenziwa kusuka emunweni, khona-ke amanani ajwayelekile aqala kumayunithi angama-3.3 kuya kwangama-5.5, futhi le ndlela evunyelwe yamukelwa abesilisa nabesifazane, okungukuthi, ayixhomekeki ebulilini bomuntu.Lapho kuhlolwa igazi le-venous, khona-ke izinkomba zanda ngo-12%, futhi umngcele womngcele oshukela ongenhla uvela ngesimo senani lamayunithi ayi-6.1.Uma ukuhlaziywa kweshukela kubonise umphumela kusuka kumayunithi angama-6.0 kuya ku-6.9, khona-ke lezi yizinkomba zomngcele ezibonisa ukuthuthukiswa kwesimo se-prediabetesic. Njengomthetho, kuleli cala kunikezwe izincomo ezithile zokudla okunempilo nokuzivocavoca umzimba ukuvimbela ukwanda koshukela ngokuzayo.Uma ukuhlolwa kweshukela kukhombisa amayunithi angaphezu kuka-7.0, khona-ke lo mphumela ukhombisa ukukhula kwesifo sikashukela. Ngokusho kokuhlolwa kwegazi elilodwa, akulungile ngokuphelele ukwenza isifo, ngakho-ke kunconywa izindlela ezengeziwe zokuxilonga:Ukuhlolwa kokubekezelela kwe-glucose.I-Glycated hemoglobin.Ukuhlolwa komthwalo ushukela kukuvumela ukuthi ulandelele ukugcwala koshukela ngaphambi nangemva kokudla, futhi uthole ukuthi ngamazinga we-glucose omuntu ejwayelekile kangakanani ezingeni elidingakalayo.Lapho amahora amabili ngemuva kokudla, umphumela uba mkhulu kune-11.1 mmol / l, khona lapho kutholakala isifo sikashukela. Ukushintshashintsha kwe-glucose kusuka kumayunithi angama-7,8 kuya ku-11.1 kukhombisa isimo se-prediabetesic, futhi inkomba engaphansi kuka-7.8 ibonisa i-glycemia ejwayelekile.I-Glycosylated hemoglobin: umongo wokuhlaziywa, ukuhlanganisaI-Glycosylated hemoglobin ibonakala njengengxenye ye-hemoglobin ehambisana noshukela egazini lomuntu, futhi leli nani lilinganiswa ngamaphesenti. Lapho likhula ushukela egazini, yilapho i-hemoglobin ikhudlwana ikhishwa glycosylated.Lolu cwaningo lubonakala luvavivinyo olubaluleke kakhulu lapho kunokusolwa kwesifo sikashukela noma isimo sangaphambi kwesifo sikashukela. Ukuhlaziywa kukhombisa ngokunembile ukugcwala koshukela egazini ezinsukwini ezingama-90 ezedlule.Uma ukudla okujwayelekile koketshezi lwebhayoloji kudinga imithetho ethile, ukuthi ungadli kanjani amahora ayi-10 ngaphambi kokufunda, wenqaba ukuthatha umuthi nezinye izinto, khona-ke ukuhlaziya kwe-hemoglobin ye-glycated akunazimo ezinjalo.Izinzuzo zocwaningo zingokulandelayo:Ungahlolwa nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, hhayi ngesisu esingenalutho.Uma kuqhathaniswa nokuhlola ushukela kwegazi okwejwayelekile, i-glycosylated hemoglobin inembe kakhudlwana futhi ingasithola isifo ekuqaleni.Ucwaningo lushesha kakhulu uma luqhathaniswa nokuhlolwa kweglucose kuthatha amahora amaningi.Ukuhlaziywa kukuvumela ukuthi usungule izinga lesinxephezelo sesifo "esimnandi", esilenza sikwazi ukulungisa ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa.Izinkomba zokuhlola azithinteki ekudleni kokudla, amakhaza nezifo zokuphefumula, ukuqina kwokomzwelo, isimo somzimba.Ngakho-ke, kungani sidinga ukuhlolwa kwe-glycosylated hemoglobin? Okokuqala, lolu cwaningo kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthola isifo sikashukela noma i-prediabetes ezisezigabeni zokuqala kakhulu. Okwesibili, lolu cwaningo luhlinzeka ngemininingwane yokuthi isiguli isilawula kangakanani isifo sayo.Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, imiphumela yokuhlaziya inikezwe ngamaphesenti, kanti ukukhohlisa ukulandelayo:Ngaphansi kuka-5.7%. Ukuhlolwa kukhombisa ukuthi i-carbohydrate metabolism ihlelekile, ubungozi bokuthola lesi sifo buncishiswa baba yi-zero.Umphumela we-5.7 kuye ku-6% ukhombisa ukuthi kusesekuseni kakhulu ukukhuluma ngesifo sikashukela, kepha amathuba okuthuthuka kwayo ayanda. Futhi ngamanani anjalo, yisikhathi sokubukeza okudlayo.Ngemiphumela ye-6.1-6.4%, singakhuluma ngengozi enkulu yokuqalwa kwe-pathology, Ngakho-ke, ukondleka okufanele kanye nokuzivocavoca umzimba okwanele kunconywa ngokushesha.Uma ucwaningo lungu-6.5% noma umphumela ungaphezulu kwaleli nani, kutholakala ukuthi isifo sikashukela siyatholakala.Yize kunezinzuzo eziningi zalolu cwaningo, kunokuthile okungahambi kahle. Lokhu kuhlolwa akwenziwa kuzo zonke izikhungo zezokwelapha, futhi, kwezinye iziguli, izindleko zokufunda zingabonakala ziphezulu.Ngokujwayelekile, ushukela wegazi esiswini esingenalutho akufanele wedlule amayunithi angama-5.5, ngemuva kokulayisha ushukela akufanele kudlule ku-7.8 mmol / l, futhi i-hemoglobin ye-glycated akufanele idlule ku-5.7%.Imiphumela enjalo ibonisa ukusebenza okuvamile kwamanyikwe.Thayipha isifo sikashukela sokuqala, sikhula kanjani?Kuyaziwa ukuthi ngobuningi bamacala, uhlobo lokuqala nolwesibili lwesifo sikashukela luyatholakala, kakhulu kaningi izinhlobo zalo ezithile - isifo sikashukela seLada neModi.Ngohlobo lokuqala lwe-pathology, ukwanda kokuhlushwa kwe-glucose kususelwa ekuphepheni ngokuphelele kwe-insulin emzimbeni womuntu. Uhlobo lokuqala lokugula lubonakala njengesifo se-autoimmune, ngenxa yokuthi amaseli ama-pancreas akhiqiza i-insulin ye-hormone abhujiswa.Okwamanje, azikho izizathu eziqondile ezikhuthaza ukukhula kohlobo lwesifo esingamahlalakhona. Kukholelwa ukuthi ifa liyinto evusa amadlingozi.Ezimweni eziningi zokuvela kwe-pathology, kunokuxhumana kwezifo zesimo segciwane ezibangela izinqubo ze-autoimmune emzimbeni womuntu. Okungenzeka ukuthi, ukugula okuyimbangela kungukuphambuka kofuzo, okuthi, ngaphansi kwethonya lezinto ezithile ezimbi, kukhuthaze ukukhula kwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1.Uhlobo lokuqala lwesifo sikashukela lutholakala ezinganeni ezincane, ebusheni, futhi kancane kakhulu ngemuva kweminyaka yobudala engama-40. Njengomthetho, isithombe somtholampilo sikhohlakele, i-pathology yathuthuka ngokushesha okukhulu.Isisekelo sokwelashwa ukwethulwa kwe-insulin, okumele yenziwe nsuku zonke impilo yakhe yonke. Ngeshwa, lesi sifo aselapheki, ngakho-ke inhloso eyinhloko yokwelashwa ukunxephezela lesi sifo.Thayipha i-mellitus yesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwe-1 cishe zonke i-5-7% yazo zonke izimo zesifo sikashukela, futhi ibonakala ngokuthuthuka okusheshayo, amathuba aphezulu okuthola izinkinga, kufaka phakathi ezingaphenduki.Thayipha isifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 kanye nendlela eyenzeka ngayoIndlela yokuthuthuka yohlobo lwesibili lwe-pathology isuselwa ekungazigcinini kwamangqamuzana ukuya kwi-insulin ye-hormone. Inani elanele le-insulin lingazungeza emzimbeni womuntu, kepha alibophele ushukela ezingeni lamaselula, ngenxa yalokho ushukela wegazi uqala ukukhuphuka ngaphezu kwemikhawulo evunyelwe.Lolu hlobo lokugula lubhekela ezifweni ezinesici esivelwayo sofuzo, ukuqaliswa kwazo ngenxa yomthelela omubi wamaphoyinti amaningi. Lokhu kufaka phakathi isisindo ngokweqile, ukungondleki kahle, ukucindezela njalo, ukuphuza utshwala nokubhema.Ebuningini bezithombe zemitholampilo, isifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 sitholakala kubantu abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengama-40 ubudala, kuthi uma sebekhula, amathuba okuba nezifo zokudla kwezifo kuphela.Izici zokuthuthuka kwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2:I-Pathology iqhubekela phambili kancane, ngoba isikhathi eside lesi sifo sinxephezelwa ngokwanda kwamazinga e-hormone emzimbeni.Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kuyehla ukuncipha kokuzwela kwamangqamuzana ukuya ku-hormone, ukutholakala kwamandla okuncipha komzimba womuntu kutholakele.Izimpawu eziphambili zesifo sikashukela ukukhuphuka kwamandla athile omchamo ngosuku, umuzwa ongapheli wokoma, ukwanda kwesifiso sokudla. Ngaphezu kwalezi zimpawu ezintathu zobuntu, isithombe somtholampilo singaziveza nge-all spectrum yezimpawu ezingezinhle:Ukuphazamiseka kokulala, ukozela kuvame ukwenzeka (ikakhulukazi ngemuva kokudla).Ukukhathala okungapheli, ukusebenza okwehlisiwe.Ubuhlungu bekhanda, isiyezi, ukungaphatheki kahle kwesizathu.Ukulunywa nokulunywa kwesikhumba, ulwelwesi lwama-mucous.I-Hyperemia yesikhumba, futhi lolu phawu lubonakala kakhulu esikhunjeni sobuso.Ubuhlungu emilenzeni.Ukuhlaselwa isicanucanu, ukugabha.Imikhuhlane ejwayelekile yokuhlasela kanye nokubanda.Ingozi kashukela omningi ilele eqinisweni lokuthi ushukela ophakeme ongamahlalakhona uholela ekukhuleni kwezinkinga ezifaka isandla ekusebenzeni kokukhubazeka kwezitho zangaphakathi nezinhlelo.Ukuzilolonga kukhombisa ukuthi ukubola kweshukela yisimo esiyingozi esingaholela ekulimaleni kwengqondo okungalungiseki, ukukhubazeka nokufa.Ushukela omkhulu nezinkingaNjengoba kushiwo ngenhla, ushukela wegazi wamayunithi angama-5.4 uyinkomba ejwayelekile, okhombisa ukusebenza ngokuphelele kwamanyikwe. Uma ukuphambuka kubhekwa ngaphezulu, khona-ke amathuba okuthuthuka kwezinkinga ezinzima.Ngakho-ke, kuvela izingqinamba ezinkulu ezimweni lapho kubhekwa khona isimo se-hyperglycemic, esibonakaliswa amanani abucayi beshukela. Futhi, ushukela olude olude luvusa ukuthuthukiswa kwezinkinga ezingamahlalakhona.Ukuxazulula okukhulu kakhulu kungabonakala ekuthuthukisweni komthambo, ngenxa yokuthi kukhona i-CNS lesion ebonakala ngokungahambi kahle komsebenzi wezinzwa, kuze kufinyelele ekulahlekelweni yimizwa, ukuqothuka kokuqonda.Ukuzilolonga kwezokwelapha kukhombisa ukuthi izinkinga ezinzima kakhulu zivame ukuvela ngemuva kwesizinda sohlobo lokuqala lwesifo ushukela. Kodwa-ke, ikhoma liyinkimbinkimbi ngezinye izici:Isigaba esibuhlungu sesifo esithathelwanayo.Ukuhlinzwa, ukucindezela okukhulu, ukuhlukumezeka.Ukwanda kwezifo ezihlangene.Ukwelashwa okungalungile.Ukuthatha umuthi othile.Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi wonke amahlaya ngobuningi bamacala athuthuka kancane, kepha angakhula emahoreni ambalwa, izinsuku. Futhi bonke bakhonjiswa ngezinga eliphakeme lokufa kwabantu.Ekuphetheni, kufanele kuthiwe ukuthi ushukela uyahlukahluka phakathi kwamayunithi angama-3.3-5,5, futhi isilinganiso se-5.4 mmol / l yisimo esijwayelekile. Uma ushukela ukhuphuka, kudingeka izinyathelo zokunciphisa, ngokulandelana, ukuvikela izinkinga ezingaba khona.Isazi esivela kuvidiyo ekulesi sihloko sizokutshela ngezinga elilungile le-glycemia.Ushukela wegazi lapho uthatha izivivinyo zegazi. Igazi libalwa kubantu abadala nasezinganeniUshukela wegazi ubaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni. Lapho inkomba yakhe ijwayelekile, izinqubo ze-metabolic zenzeka kahle emzimbeni womuntu. Noma kunjalo, ukukhuphuka noma ukwehla kwezinga layo kungabonisa ama-pathologies ahlukahlukene. Ukuthola imiphumela ethembekile, kubalulekile ukulandela izincomo eziphathelene nokulungiselela ukunikela ngegazi.I-glucose yakha umsoco wamaseli, yikho okuvumela ukuthi ukudla kuguqulwe kumakhalori adingekayo. Uma umcwaningi abeka umkhawulo ngamabomu ekudleni kwe-carbohydrate, umzimba uthatha ushukela ongekho emithonjeni yesibindi emelelwa yi-glycogen.Ukunikela ngegazi ngoshukela kungcono kuyizwi elithandwayo, ngoba kunoshukela omningi emzimbeni womuntu - i-fructose, i-sucrose, i-maltose. Okungakanani okudingekayo ngomsebenzi omuhle kakhulu wazo zonke izinhlelo nezinhlaka zangaphakathi kunqunywa yizici eziningana:amahora nsuku zonkeinani lomsebenzi womzimba nomsebenzi ngosuku,izehlakalo ezicindezelayo.Ukwehlisa noma ukwandisa amazinga kashukela kuncike kwi-pancreatic insulin. Uma ama-pancreas engahambisani nokwakhiwa kwe-insulin, indlela yokulawula ilahlekile. Okokuqala, isiguli sitholakala sinezinkinga ze-metabolic, ngemuva kwalokho izitho zangaphakathi ziqale ukuhlupheka.Ukuhlolwa kwegazi ushukela kumele kudluliselwe kuwo wonke umuntu obone impilo engeyinhle kanye nokuphendula okubuthakathaka.Isimo soshukela wegazi ngaso sonke isikhathi sisho umkhawulo ophansi nangaphezulu, ohlukile kubantu abadala nasezinganeni, ngokuqondene nabesilisa nabesifazane, akukho mehluko. Ithebula elingezansi libonisa izindinganiso ngokuya ngeminyaka yezifundo.Iziqu zobudala Amanani kashukela egazi (mmol / L)izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-14 sisuka ku-2.8 kuya ku-5.6abesifazane nabesilisa kusukela kweminyaka eyi-14 kuye kwengama-59 kusuka ku-4.1 kuye ku-5.9eneminyaka yobudala engama-60 sisuka ku-4.6 kuya ku-6.4Uma sikhuluma ngokulinganisa ushukela wegazi omncane kakhulu, izinsana, khona-ke lokho okwejwayelekile kwamukelekile ebangeni lezinkomba kusuka ku-3.3 kuye ku-5.6. Abesifazane abakhulelwe bayisigaba esihlukile seziguli okufanele zenze lolu cwaningo lubalulekile njalo.Okujwayelekile komama abakhulelwe kubhekwa njengezinkomba ezisuka ku-3.3 kuye ku-6.6 mmol / L. Uma iglue glucose ithambekele ekunyukeni kancane kancane, lokhu kungakhombisa uhlobo lwashukela olungejwayelekile, ngakho-ke udokotela kufanele aqaphele ukuguquguquka kwezinkomba.Lapho wenza ucwaningo lokuthola ushukela wegazi ovela emthanjeni, kudingeka uqonde ukuthi akuyona kuphela ubungako beglucose obalulekile, kodwa nekhono lomzimba lokuthola lokho. Ukunquma lokhu, thatha isivivinyo esilula - amanani wokulinganisa ngemuva kokudla futhi usuku lonke.Isikhathi sansuku zonke Isimo sikashukela wegazi (mmol / l)2: 00-4.00 (ebusuku) kusuka ku-3.9 nangaphezuluukuzila ekuseni sisuka ku-3.9 kuya ku-5.8amahora ntambama ngaphambi kwasemini sisuka ku-3.9 kuya ku-6.1ngaphambi kokudla kwakusihlwa sisuka ku-3.9 kuya ku-6.1ihora elilodwa ngemuva kokudla kufika ku-8.92 amahora emva kokudla kufika ku-6.7Ukusheshisa amazinga kashukela egazini kusuka emithanjeni ekuseni ngenhla kuka-6.1 mmol / L ezimeni eziningi kukhombisa isifo sikashukela i-mellitus. Ukuqiniseka ngokunemba kokutholwa, ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe kunikezwa isiguli:isikhathi esisodwa osidingayo ukunikela ngegazi ngoshukela,ukubekezelela ushukelaUkuhlaziywa kwe-hemoglobin ye-glycosylated - kukhombisa imiphumela enembile kunazo zonke.Okushiwo odokotela ngesifo sikashukelaUdokotela Wezesayensi Yezokwelapha, UProfesa Aronova S. M.Sekuyiminyaka eminingi ngifunda inkinga yama-DIABETES. Kuyesabeka lapho abantu abaningi befa, futhi nangaphezulu bakhubazeka ngenxa yesifo sikashukela.Ngiphuthuma ukutshela izindaba ezinhle - i-Endocrinological Research Center yaseRussia Academy yezeSayensi Yezokwelapha ikwazile ukuthuthukisa umuthi owelapha ngokuphelele isifo sikashukela i-mellitus. Okwamanje, ukusebenza kwalesi sidakamizwa kusondela ku-100%.Ezinye izindaba ezinhle: UMnyango Wezempilo uvikele ukwamukelwa kohlelo olukhethekile olunxenxa izindleko zomuthi wonke. E-Russia kanye namazwe e-CIS abanesifo sikashukela ngaphambili ungathola ikhambi MAHHALA.Ukuhlolwa kukashukela kwegazi kwelebhuUkuhlolwa kwegazi likashukela kwenziwa esibhedlela, kuyilapho izindlela ezi-3 zokuthola amazinga kashukela zijwayelekile khona lapho:ushukela oxidasei-orthotoluidine,Ubuchwepheshe beHagedorn-Jensen.Nikela kahle ngegazi ushukela esiswini esingenalutho kusuka emthanjeni noma emunweni, kufiseleka ukuthi isiguli singadli ukudla amahora angama-8, kuyilapho kuvunyelwe amanzi okuphuza. Yini enye okufanele uyikhumbule lapho ulungiselela inqubo yokuthatha amasampula egazi? Kwenqatshelwe ukudla ngokweqile kusengaphambili, awukwazi ukuthatha iziphuzo ezidakayo namaswidi osuku.Isimo lapho igazi likashukela kusuka kuthambo lithathwa njengelingene kumuntu omdala lilingana namanani kusuka ku-3.5 kuya ku-6.1 mmol / L, okuyisilinganiso esingu-12% kunokujwayelekile kwegazi kusuka ngomunwe - 3.3-5.5 mmol / l Kubalulekile futhi ukuthatha lonke igazi nge-plasma glucose.Ukuthola i-mellitus yesifo sikashukela, le mikhawulo ephezulu engenhla yesimo segazi esetshenziswe isikhathi eside:kusuka emunweni nasemthanjeni - 5.6 mmol / l,ku-plasma - 6.1 mmol / L.Uma isiguli sineminyaka engaphezu kwengu-60 ubudala, ukulungiswa kwamanani ajwayelekile kwenziwa ngokuhambisana nokwanda cishe kwe-0,056 ngonyaka. Uma isiguli sesivele sitholakele nesifo sikashukela i-mellitus, ekuzinqumeni kanye nasekuzilungiseni kwesilinganiso soshukela nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sosuku, kuyadingeka ukuthenga i-glucometer esetshenziswa ekhaya.Sitholakala nini isifo sikashukela?Isifo sikashukela yisimo lapho isiguli sinenkomba kashukela ebangeni le-5.6-6.0 mmol / l, uma umkhawulo ovunyelwe kakhulu udluliwe, isifo sikashukela sibekwa endodeni nasowesifazane abadala. Kwesinye isikhathi, uma kungabazeka, kunengqondo ukwenza isivivinyo sokuxinzelelwa nge-glucose, okwenziwa kanjena:Izindaba zabafundi bethuIsifo sikashukela esiqediwe ekhaya. Sekuyinyanga selokhu ngikhohliwe ngokuxhuma ushukela nokuthatha i-insulin. O, indlela engangihlala ngihlupheka ngayo, ngiphuma njalo, amakholi aphuthumayo ...Kukangaki ngivakashela ama-endocrinologists, kepha kunento eyodwa kuphela abayishoyo: “Thatha i-insulin.” Futhi manje sekudlule amasonto ayi-5, njengoba izinga likashukela wegazi lijwayelekile, hhayi umjovo owodwa we-insulin futhi konke kubonga kule ndatshana.Wonke umuntu onesifo sikashukela kumele afunde!Njengesikhombi sokuqala, amasampula egazi asheshayo ayaqoshwa.Ngemuva kwalokho, ngama-200 ml amanzi, amagremu ama-75 we-glucose kufanele axutshwe, isixazululo kufanele sidakwe. Uma ukuhlolwa kwenziwa ingane engaphansi kweminyaka engu-14 ubudala, umthamo ubalwa ngokwefomula engu-1.75 n nge-1 kg yesisindo somzimba.Isampula ephindaphindwe yegazi kusuka emithanjeni yenziwa ngemuva kwemizuzu engama-30, ihora eli-1, amahora ama-2.Ngasikhathi sinye, umthetho oyisisekelo wocwaningo kufanele ubhekwe: ngosuku lokuhlolwa, ukubhema, ukuphuza uketshezi nokwenza izivivinyo zomzimba akuvunyelwe.Umuntu osiza elebhu noma i-gastroenterologist ikhohlisa imiphumela yokuhlolwa: inani le-glucose kufanele libe lejwayelekile noma linciphiswe ngaphambi kokuthatha isiraphu.Uma ukubekezelela kungahambi kahle, ukuhlolwa okuphakathi kubonisa ukuthi u-11.1 mmol / L ku-plasma no-10,0 egazini elithathwe emthanjeni. Ngemuva kwamahora ama-2, inani lihlala lingaphezu kokujwayelekile, okusho ukuthi i-glucose edliwayo ihlala egazini kanye neplasma.Uma ufunda le migqa, ungaphetha ngokuthi wena noma abathandekayo bakho bagula isifo sikashukela.Siqhube uphenyo, safunda inqwaba yezinto zokwakha futhi sibheka izindlela eziningi nezidakamizwa ezinesifo sikashukela. Isinqumo sinje:Uma yonke le mithi inikezwe, bekungumphumela wesikhashana nje, lapho nje ukumiswa sekumisiwe, lesi sifo siqina kakhulu.Umuthi okuyiwona kuphela onikeze umphumela obalulekile yi-Diagen.Okwamanje, lesi kuphela isidakamizwa esingalapha ngokuphelele isifo sikashukela. I-Diagen ikhombise umphumela onamandla ikakhulukazi ezigabeni zokuqala zesifo sikashukela.Sicele uMnyango Wezempilo:Futhi kubafundi besayithi lethu manje sekulithubathola i-diagen MAHHALA!Ukunaka! Amacala okuthengisa iDiagen mbumbulu asephenduke kaningi.Ngokubeka i-oda usebenzisa izixhumanisi ezingenhla, uyaqinisekiswa ukuthi uzothola umkhiqizo wekhwalithi kusuka kumenzi osemthethweni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho u-oda kuwebhusayithi esemthethweni, uthola isiqinisekiso sokubuyiselwa kwemali (kufaka nezindleko zokuhamba) uma umuthi ungenawo umphumela wokwelapha.Ushukela wegazi 5.7: lokhu kuyinto eyejwayelekile noma cha?Ushukela 7 5 - kusho ukuthini? Kuyi-glucose okungenye yezakhi ezibalulekile zomzimba. Inika umuntu amandla anjalo afanele, asetshenziselwa imisebenzi eminingi yezicubu nezinhlelo.Kepha lokhu akusho ukuthi ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwama-carbohydrate kungaba yindlela yamandla angenamkhawulo. Esikhundleni salokho, kuzokhuphula amazinga eglucose kuphela futhi kuholele kushukela. Ukuyilawula nokuvikela umzimba ekuhluphekeni, kubalulekile ukwazi isilinganiso soshukela.Uma sesivele sanda, khona-ke zonke izinyathelo kufanele zithathwe ukuvikela ukukhula kwesifo.Amazinga Ushukela NeziciIzinkomba zamazinga kashukela kumuntu ngamunye angaba umuntu ngamunye. Kuya ngezinto eziningi, kufaka phakathi ukuba khona kwesifo sikashukela. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukubheka okujwayelekile kweqembu ngalinye.Ibanga eliphakathi nelinconyelwe lamazinga Ushukela:izingane ezisanda kuzalwa - 2.9-4.4,izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-15 - 3.0-5.5,abantu abadala abanempilo abangaphansi kweminyaka engama-50 - 4.6-5.5,ngemuva kweminyaka engama-60 - 5-6.5,Uhlobo 1 sikashukela - 4.5-7,onesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 - 4.5-7.Amazinga kashukela angalinganiswa esiswini esingenalutho ngisho nangemva kokudla. Ucwaningo lokubekezelela ushukela nalo luyenziwa. Imvamisa, ngemuva kokudla, izinga likashukela liyenyuka, kepha kancane kancane libuyele kokujwayelekile. Esiswini esingenalutho, izinkomba zingajwayelekile noma zisemngceleni wayo ophansi.Uma kunesidingo, umuntu unikezwa isivivinyo se-glucose esivamile kanye nokuhlolwa okwengeziwe. Kulokhu, isheke elijwayelekile liyenziwa ekuseni ngesisu esingenalutho.Kungemva kwalokhu kuphela lapho izifundo ezisele zingenziwa. Izinga likashukela lihlolwa ngemuva kokudla ngemuva kwamahora ama-2, futhi ukwephulwa kokubekezelela kwenziwa ngemuva kokulinganisa okujwayelekile kweglucose.Kepha esimweni lapho izinga likashukela lingaphezulu kwezinga le-6.7, khona-ke lokhu kuhlolwa akwenziwa.Isiguli siphuza ushukela oncibilikisiwe emanzini futhi sithatha isampula izikhathi ezi-4 ngokuphumula kwemizuzu engama-30.Ezingeni elijwayelekile, kumuntu ngemuva kwemizuzu engama-30, ushukela uzonyuka uye ku-7.8 mmol / L. Ezimweni zokuphazamiseka kokukhuthazelela, inkomba izokhuphuka ifike ku-11, futhi uma umuntu enesifo sikashukela, uyoba mkhulu kakhulu.Okubhekwa njengokwenyuka ushukelaUma ushukela wegazi ungama-7 noma ngaphezulu, umuntu angaba nesifo sikashukela. Ukwanda okunjalo kungenzeka ngokushesha ngemuva kokudla ezigulini ezinalesi sifo, futhi kwezinye ngisho nasesiswini esingenalutho.Ngakho-ke, akukhuthazwa ukuthi udle ama-carbohydrate alula ekuseni, avele aphule ngokushesha bese engena egazini, akhuphula izinga likashukela kulo ngisho nakubantu abanempilo enhle ngaphezu kwesilinganiso.Noma kunjalo, izinkomba ezinjalo azihlali isikhathi eside futhi ngokoqobo emizuzwini embalwa ziqala ukuncipha kancane kancane.Kulabo abanempilo, ushukela uvame ukungabi ngu-7 5, usele ezingeni elingafika ku-6.7 ngisho nangemva kokudla amaswidi. Kodwa iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela ngemuva kwanoma yikuphi ukudla zingathola amazinga eglucose afinyelela ku-8 mmol / L.Kodwa lokhu kubhekwa njengokucishe kube yinto evamile kubo, ngoba emahoreni ambalwa emva kwalokho, inani ushukela liqala ukuncipha kancane kancane ngokuya kwelejwayelekile labo.Kuyenzeka ukuthi kwabanye abantu leli zinga ngemuva kokudla likhuphuke lifike ku-11 mmol / L, ngakho-ke ukondliwa kuhlala kungokunye okubaluleke kakhulu ekuthomeni kwezifo.Kubantu abanesifo sikashukela kanye nengozi engapheli yoshukela ekhuphukayo, kuyanconywa ukuthi ulandele izeluleko ezithile ezizokusiza ukugcina impilo nokuphila.Sekwanele lokhu:Landela ukudla okufanele.Kala ushukela wegazi ngokuqhubekayo.Thatha izinyathelo ezidingekayo uma ukhuliswe ngokweqile.Ngasikhathi sinye, ukuthatha izinyathelo zakho kungakhanya kube nemiphumela emibi. Kulokhu, udokotela oholayo uzosiza. Iziguli ziyelulekwa ukuthi zingeqi isilinganiso se-glucose engaphezu kwe-6 mmol / L. Lokhu kunengqondo uma ukudla kungama-carb ongaphakeme futhi ukulandela ushukela kuba nsuku zonke.Uhlobo 2 sikashukela luvame kakhulu. Sekuyiminyaka eminingana umuntu ephila esimweni se-prediabetes, esingaphili futhi esingamnaki. Kancane kancane, uba ushukela ogcwele ngokuphelele, lapho kungenzeki khona ukuthi ungakuboni. Kubonakala ikakhulu kubantu abakhuluphele nangemva kweminyaka engama-40-45. Kutholakala cishe iziguli ezingama-90%.Isifo sikashukela sohlobo loku-1 sitholakala kubantu abayishumi% bese siqala ukuzibonakalisa ngaphambi kweminyaka yobudala engama-30. Uhlobo 2 sikashukela oluvame ukwenzeka kakhulu ngenxa yokudla okungafanele kanye nesisindo somzimba. Kulokhu, uhlobo 1 lubhekwa njenge-autoimmune. Kepha ingozi yabo ayincishiswa.I-Hyperglycemia cishe ayinakuzibonakalisa.Kepha kwesinye isikhathi ungazibona izimpawu ezinjalo:ulwelwesi olomile lwe-mucousukukhathala, ukozela,imihuzuko engaphili kahleizifo ezihlala zitholakala njalo.Abanye bangaba nokuphefumula okubi kwe-acetone, ukuphefumula ngokushesha, nokuqina kwemizwelo. Uma ungathathi noma yiziphi izinyathelo, khona-ke ukwanda koshukela kusongela ngezinkinga. Kulokhu, isiguli singathola izifo zezitho ezahlukahlukene. Imvamisa ukwanda kuya ezinso, emithanjeni yegazi, ohlelweni lwezinzwa.Ngaphezu kwalokho, umbono womuntu uyawohloka, uthambekele ekuhlaselweni yinhliziyo noma unhlangothi. Ngenxa yokubhujiswa kwemithambo yegazi, izinkinga ezinemikhawulo engezansi azijwayelekile. Ngenxa yomonakalo wangaphakathi emithanjeni yegazi, ziqina, eziqongelela i-calcium kuzo. Le nkinga ibizwa nge-angiopathy. Nguye obangela izinkinga ngezitho ezahlukahlukene, ezitholakala eduze kwemikhumbi engajwayelekile.Uma umuntu engenzi lutho ukunciphisa ushukela kwaba okwejwayelekile, khona-ke ukwanda okungapheli kungaholela ebumpumpungeni, ekwehlulekeni kwezinso, noma ekunqunyweni kwemikhawulo.Kungakho kungafanele unganaki ushukela wegazi okweqile kuka-6 mmol / L. Ngemuva kwakho konke, lapho kukhuphula inani loshukela, kusheshe ukubhujiswa emikhunjini. Ngakho-ke, ukuvela kwe-ketoacidosis yesifo sikashukela noma i-hypoglycemic coma, okuyingozi enkulu empilweni yesiguli.Uma ukuhlolwa kweshukela kwegazi okungu-5.7 mmol / L akudingekile ukuthi ungayeki, kepha zibandakanyeke kakhulu empilweni yaboEmpilweni yansuku zonke, le nkulumo isetshenziswa njalo - ukuhlaziya ushukela wegazi. Lesi isisho esingalungile. Akukho shukela egazini nakancane. Iguqulwa emzimbeni womuntu ibe ushukela, okubaluleke kakhulu kumetabolism emzimbeni.Noma yikuphi ukuhlola ushukela kubandakanya ukukala inani le-glucose egazini. Emzimbeni, ushukela yinto esemqoka yazo zonke izitho. Uma ushukela wegazi 5.7 okufanele ukwenze nokuthi ungayiqonda kahle kanjani?Ukugxilisa i-glucose kukalwa ku-mmol / L. Uma ekuhlaziyeni ku-5.7 mmol / l, khona-ke lokhu kukhombisa ukuqina okukhulu. Yize isilinganiso se-glucose esegazini sincike kakhulu esikhathini sokuhlaziywa. Lokhu kuzocaca etafuleni.Izimo zokuhlaziya Imiphumela yokuhlaziywa kweziguli ezinesifo sikashukela mmol / l Imiphumela yokuhlaziya ye-mmol / L enempiloEkuseni ngesisu esingenalutho 5.0 – 7.2 3.9 – 5.0Ngemuva kokudla emahoreni ayi-1 - 2 Kufika ku-10,0 Akudluli ku-5.5HbA1C hemoglobin ngezansi kuka-6.5 - 7.0 4.6 – 5.4I-Glycemia noma ushukela wegaziUkuqagela kwegazi likashukela egazini kuhlukaniswe ngamaqembu amathathu ayinhloko:I-Hypoglycemia - okuqukethwe okuphansi,Okuqukethwe okujwayelekileI-Hyperglycemia - okuqukethwe okuphezulu.Nge-hypoglycemia, ukuntuleka kweglucose kuholela empilweni engeyinhle.Ukuntuleka kwento enamandla egazini kuzwakala ngumzimba ngenxa yezizathu eziningi:Ukucindezelwa ngokomzimba noma nangokomzwelo,Ukwephulwa kohlelo lokudla,Yehla ekudleni kwekhalori.Kepha okokuqala, ukuntuleka kweglucose kuthinta ukusebenza kohlelo lwezinzwa. Umuntu ubonakala engaphathekile kahle ngokungaphatheki kahle, ukuwohloka kokusebenza, ukulahleka kwengqondo, kufinyelela ekhefeni.I-Hyperglycemia ihambisana nokuhlaselwa ukomela okungalawuleki kakhulu, ukuchama kaningi, umlomo owomile, ukukhathala nokudangala.I-Hyperglycemia inezimpawu ezifanayo kakhulu ezine-hypoglycemia: umbono okhubazekile, ibhalansi engokomzwelo, isilinganiso sokuphefumula nokuphazamiseka kanye nokujula. Imvamisa, ukuhogela iphunga le-acetone.I-Hyperglycemia ivame ukuhambisana nezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane kanye nesikhunta.Ushukela ophakeme wegazi wehlisa amandla omzimba wokulwa namanxeba e-epithelial. Ukwelapha kudala futhi kunzima. Ukuzwa okungathandeki emilenzeni kuyavela, okufana nokukitaza, ukubukeka kwamagungquza e-goose, ukuhamba kwezinambuzane ezincane.Umphumela wesinamoni emsebenzini wamaseli uyabonakala. Uma nsuku zonke unezela uhhafu wezipuni zesinamoni ekudleni, khona-ke ukubonwa kwe-insulin ngamaseli kuyanda. Le nqubo isebenza kuguqulwa ukuguqulwa kokungaphezulu kube amandla.Imiphumela emihle ibonwa nezinhlanzi zasolwandle. I-Salmon, i-mackerel kanye ne-sardine kukhulisa umsebenzi we-metabolic emzimbeni ngenxa yokuba khona kwama-acid e-omega-3.Imifino eluhlaza, utamatisi, amajikijolo, ama-apula nobunye uhlaza lapho ngokuqukethwe okuqukethwe kwe-quercetin okusetshenziswa njalo kunciphisa ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo sikashukela.Awukwazi ukungawunaki ushokoledi omnyama. Iyakwazi futhi ukwandisa ukuzwela kwamangqamuzana ukuya ku-insulin.Ukungeza i-fiber ekudleni kugcina amazinga ashukela eglue futhi kusiza ekugwemeni ukweqa.Ushukela omningi ungancishiswa ngokuzivocavoca. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukubonisana nodokotela wakho bese ukhetha umdlalo othize. Kepha ngakho konke lokhu, umuntu akufanele akhohlwe ukuthatha imishanguzo ebekwe udokotela.Isilinganiso se-glucoseAbantu abaphilile banikela ngegazi njalo ezinyangeni eziyisithupha ukuze bahlolwe ushukela njengendlela yokuvimbela. Le nkathi ibhekwa njengeyanele ukugcina lesi simo silawulwa. Kepha kubantu abanesifo sikashukela, kuyadingeka ukwenza isilinganiso sokuhlushwa kaningi - kuze kube kahlanu ngosuku.Ukuze wenze izivivinyo ezinje esikhungweni sezokwelapha, umuntu kufanele aphile kuzo noma abe seduze. Kepha ukufika kwama-glucometer eselula kwalula kakhulu izimpilo zabantu abagulayo.Izidingo ezinjalo zobuchwepheshe ziyagcwaliseka nge-satellite glucometer. Ukwenza uhlaziyo oluthembekile ngale divayisi, ukwehla kwegazi elilodwa kwanele. Umphumela uboniswa esibukweni imizuzu engama-20. Imiphumela etholakele igcinwe kwimemori yedivaysi, futhi lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi ubone inqubo yokushintsha okuhlushwa ngaphezulu kwezilinganiso ezingama-60.Ikhithi ye-glucometer ifaka imichilo yokuhlola engu-25 nenani elifanayo lamathuluzi okubhoboza isikhumba. Idivayisi inikwe amandla amabhethri akhelwe ngaphakathi, anele ukuhlaziya okungu-2000. Ububanzi bezilinganiso, ezinganciphisi ngokunemba kwabasebenza elabhoratri, sisuka ku-0.6 kuya ku-35 mmol / l.Kuyini ukuvivinya ushukela wegazi okusheshayoKwezokwelapha, ushukela wokuzila usuhlukile ngokusemthethweni ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela kanye nabanye abantu. Iziguli zesifo sikashukela zinezinga eliphakeme. Kwezokwelapha, kwenziwa imizamo yokulawula ushukela kushukela sikashukela ukukhulisa ukulinganiselwa kwemiphumela emihle.Namuhla, isifo sikashukela siwubhubhane izigidi zezakhamizi emhlabeni wonke ezilwa nazo.Ukuhlolwa okuhanjiswe ngesikhathi kuyisihluthulelo sempumelelo, hhayi ukwelapha kuphela, kepha futhi nokuvikela lokhu kugula okunzima kakhulu.Odinga ukukwazi mayelana nokujwayelekileUngakhohlwa ukuthi ukuntula ushukela egazini akukubi kangako emzimbeni, kanye nangokweqile. Amazinga kashukela wegazi ajwayele ukuguquka usuku lonke. Ngemuva kokudla, zingakhula ngokuqinile, kuthatha amahora ambalwa, ushukela uphinde wehle uye emazingeni ajwayelekile.Izinga likashukela egazini esiswini esingenalutho lincike esimweni somzimba kanye nasengqondweni. Wonke umuntu uyacelwa ukuthi aqaphe amazinga kashukela futhi aqaphele lokhu ngangokunokwenzeka.Ngaphandle kokuthi lapho izinga likashukela lihlolwa, okujwayelekile nezinkomba akuxhomekile ebulilini. Abobulili obuhlukile banenqubo efanayo. Ngasikhathi sinye, umzimba wesifazane uhlukaniswa ngokuxhomekeka kokufakwa kwe-cholesterol ejwayelekile kushukela.Amahomoni ocansi abesifazane avumelaniswa ngokwengeziwe nokususa i-cholesterol emzimbeni. Ngenxa yalokhu, owesilisa mkhulu emvelweni kunowesifazane. Ukweqa ngokweqile kuvame ukubonwa kwabesifazane abanokuphazamiseka kokugaya ukudla ngenxa yamazinga e-hormonal.Ngenxa yalokhu, izinkomba zingaphezulu kokujwayelekile njalo, kungakhathalekile ukuthi amahora amahora okudla.Banikela ngegazi ushukela esiswini esingenalutho, ngoba ngisho nakubantu abaphilile, amazinga kashukela egazi angakhuphuka ngenxa yamakhalori. Umzimba ngamunye ubonakala ngezinga lokuphendula kokudla.Isimo sikashukela wegazi kusuka ngomunwe esiswini esingenalutho ngu-3.3-5.5 Mmol / L. Izinkomba azincikile ebulilini, kepha zincike eminyakeni:Ebusheni kusukela ezinsukwini ezi-2 kuya kwezi-4,3, izinga le-glucose lingamayunithi angama-2.8-4.4.Kusuka emavikini langu-4,3 kuya eminyakeni lengu-14 - kusuka kumayunithi langu-3.3 kuya ku-5.6.Iminyaka eyi-14 - iminyaka engama-60 - inkomba kusuka kumayunithi angama-4.1 kuye kwangama-5.9.Ukusuka eminyakeni engama-60 kuye kwengama-90 ubudala - kusuka kumayunithi angama-4,6 kuye kwayi-6.4.Ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-90 - ukusuka ema-4,2 kuya kwayi-6,7 amayunithi.Izinga likashukela egazini le-venous esiswini esingenalutho kanye ne-plillma ye-capillary lenyuka ngo-12% futhi linezinkomba ze-3.5-6.1 mmol (mg / 100 ml).Kwezinye izimo, ushukela wokuzila uphakeme kunangemva kokudla. Yize imvamisa inkomba inyuka ngemuva kokudla iye kumayunithi ayi-7.Ukuvimbela Ukunciphisa ushukelaKujwayelekile ukuthi ushukela wegazi ekuseni unikezwa, uma ulalela izincomo ezithile:Ukwemukelwa kwazo zonke izinhlobo zemifino, okungcono eluhlaza.Ukubhema nokuphuza utshwala kuyenqatshelwe ngokuphelele.Vivinya ukuqapha njalo ushukela kanye nomfutho wegazi.Ithinta kahle ushukela kushukela osesiswini esingenalutho, ujusi ovela ku-sauerkraut namakhambi okwelapha anjenge-dandelion, i-sage nejuniper.Namathela ekondleni okufanele, ukuvivinya umzimba ngokulinganisela kanye nokulinganisela kwengqondo.Ukuzila ukudla akuvunyelwe; ukuntuleka koshukela kungabangelwa ngenxa yokungondleki.Brew itiye kumaqabunga aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, izimbabazane kanye nama-lingonberry.Musa ukugqoka izingubo eziqinile.Yidla umsoco, kudla inqwaba yemifino, kanye namafutha amancane nama-carbohydrate.Gwema izimo ezicindezelayo nezingxabano.Ukwehla kwesisindo, okungcono ngokuya ngecebo elithuthukisiwe nodokotela.Ukusekela ukuhamba kwegazi, geza umzimba wonke ngamanzi afudumele nensipho emnene, izihlambi zokugeza ezifudumele.Uma ushukela ngemuva kokudla ungaphansi kunesisu esingenalutho, ungadla okuthile okumnandi. Lokhu kungaba uphawu lokuncipha kwenkomba.Yenza ukuzivocavoca ngesizotha.Kungcono ukungadli ushukela, amaswidi, uju, isiraphu, iziphuzo ezinqukethwe ushukela.Izici zamazinga kashukela ngesikhathi sokukhulelwaImvamisa kakhulu, ngaphambi kokukhulelwa, izivivinyo zowesifazane zihamba phambili. Ngemuva kokukhulelwa, kufanele kwenziwe izinguquko. Lokhu kuthinta ikakhulukazi umzimba we-carbohydrate metabolism.Isimo sikashukela wegazi kwabesifazane abakhulelwe sinokuhlukahluka ezindinganisweni ezisetshenziswe kwezokwelapha. Yize incane. Uma ushukela wokuzila ungaphezulu kwamayunithi ama-5. - Lokhu sekubhekwa njengoshukela kwabesifazane abakhulelwe. Uma ngemuva kokuhlolwa kwengcindezi ngemuva kwamahora ayi-1 amayunithi., futhi ngemuva kwamahora ama-2 - amayunithi angama-8.6, ukuxilongwa kuqinisekisiwe.Isimo sikashukela kwabesifazane abakhulelwe esiswini esingenalutho esivela emthanjeni naso singama-5. I-Hypoglycemia nayo iyingozi. Kuhambisana nemalaise ejwayelekile, isiyezi, ukuthuthumela emzimbeni, umjuluko obandayo kanye ne-migraine ..Isikhombi singaba ngaphansi kwamayunithi angama-2.7.Womabili la macala angathinta ukukhula kwesibeletho, ngakho-ke, atusa ukunaka ngokukhethekile ekuhlolweni kwegazi elabhorethri futhi anamathele kwizincomo zikadokotela ngokucophelela ngangokunokwenzeka.Ushukela wegazi ojwayelekile kubantu abadalaUkuhlolwa kwegazi ngezinga loshukela kuwukuhlolwa kwelabhoratri okunikezwe noma yimuphi umuntu ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kokuxilongwa. Nikeza lokhu kuhlaziya hhayi kuphela ngokuhlolwa kweziguli eze emtholampilo, kodwa futhi nokuhlolwa kwezitho zomzimba emkhakheni we-endocrinology, ukuhlinzwa, ukwelashwa okujwayelekile. Ukuhlaziywa kwenziwa ukuze:thola isimo se-carbohydrate metabolism,thola izinkomba ezijwayelekile,qinisekisa noma uphike ubukhona besifo sikashukela,ukwazi izinkomba ze-glucose kubantu.Uma izinga likashukela linokuphambuka okujwayelekile kusuka kokujwayelekile, khona-ke kungenzeka kuhlaziywe i-hemoglobin ye-glycated kanye nokuqhamuka kwe-glucose (ukuhlolwa kwamahora amabili kwesampula enokulayisha ushukela).Yiliphi izinga lamareferensi abhekwa njengejwayelekile?Ungathola umphumela wokuhlaziywa ngemuva kosuku kusuka kumzuzu wokuthola amasampula egazi. Uma ukuhlaziya okuphuthumayo kuchazwe emtholampilo (kumakwe "cito!", Okusho ukuthi "okusheshayo"), khona-ke umphumela wokuhlaziywa uzokulunga emizuzwini embalwa.Amazinga kashukela egazi ajwayelekile kubantu abadala asukela ku-3.88 kuya ku-6.38 mmol ngelitha. Uma inkomba idlula umkhawulo ophezulu wejwayelekile, khona-ke lokhu kuvame ukukhombisa ukuthuthukiswa kwe-hyperglycemia noma uhlobo 2 sikashukela.Isimo lapho umzimba untula khona ushukela okuthiwa i-hypoglycemia. Izinkomba eziphansi, kanye ne-overestimated, zingakhombisa hhayi lesi sifo kuphela, kepha futhi nezinkomba ezithile zomzimba.Izinga likashukela wegazi elikhulayo lizobonwa ngokushesha ngemuva kokudla, futhi izinga eliphansi libonisa ukuzila isikhathi eside.I-hypoglycemia yesikhathi esifishane nayo ingaba khona kubantu abanesifo sikashukela abasanda kulimaza i-insulin.Ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa, okujwayelekile kusuka ku-2.8 kuya ku-4,4 mmol ilitha ngalinye, nasezinganeni ezindala kusuka ku-3.3 kuye ku-5.5 mmol ilitha ngalinye.Ileveli Iziguli zesifo sikashukela Abantu abaphilileI-Sutra ishukela elisheshayo ku-moles ilitha ngalinye 6.5 – 8.5 3.88 – 6.38Ushukela amahora ama-1-2 ngemuva kokudla Kufika ku-10,0 Akukho okuphakeme kune-6I-Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C,%) Kufika ku-6.6 - 7 Alikho ngaphezulu kuka-4.5 - 5.4Onke amanani angenhla kwesinye isikhathi avame ukufana ezikhungweni zokuxilonga elabhorethri, kepha ezinye izinkomba zenkomba zingahluka emitholampilo ehlukene, ngoba izimpawu zokuxilonga zingahluka. Ngakho-ke, inqubo ejwayelekile yamanani, okokuqala, izoncika elabhorethri.Kwabesifazane abakhulelwe, isithombe esingu-3.3-6.6 mmol / L sithathwa njengokujwayelekile. Ukwanda kwenani kungakhombisa ukuthuthukiswa kwesimo sikashukela sokugcina.Inani loshukela lishintsha kumuntu phakathi nosuku, ngemuva kokudla.Esimweni se-prediabetes, izinga likashukela lisesigabeni esingu-5.5-7 mmol / L, kubantu abanalesi sifo futhi esigabeni sokuqala sokukhula kwaso, inkomba iyahlukahluka ukusuka kwele-7 kuye ku-11 mmol / L.Ukuhlolwa kweglucose kwegazi kufanele kwenzelwe bonke abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-40 abakhuluphele, izifo zesibindi nabesifazane abakhulelwe.Ukuthwebula phansi kubhekwa njengengalungile nini?Amanani okubhekisela angamanga kanye nokuhlelwa kwesithombe okungalungile kuwumphumela wokungalungiswa kahle komuntu wokuhlaziywa kwelebhu.Qiniseka ukuthi unikeza igazi kuphela ekuseni ngesisu esingenalutho. Izinga eliphakeme lingavela ngemuva kokuxineka okukhulu kwemizwa noma ukuzikhandla komzimba okubuthakathaka.Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, izindlala ze-adrenal ziqala ukusebenza kanzima nama-secherinsular mahormone, ngenxa yalokho kukhishwa inani elikhulu likashukela esibindini, olungena egazini. Ukuthatha izinhlobo ezithile zemithi njalo kungadala ushukela wegazi ophezulu.Amanye ama-diuretics (ama-diuretics), ama-hormone egilo, ama-estrogens, ama-glucocorticosteroids, ezinye izinhlobo zama-analgesics angewona ama-steroidal andisa amazinga kashukela. Ngakho-ke, uma umuntu ephuza njalo izidakamizwa ezinjalo noma ezisanda kuthathwa ngaphambi kokuhlaziywa, khona-ke udokotela ofanele kufanele azise ngakho. Uma bekungekho zici eziphazamisayo zokuyihlola nokulungiselela yona, khona-ke ukuphambuka kokujwayelekile ekuvuneni amanani kudinga ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe.Yini okufanele ilungiselelwe kahle umnikelo wegazi?Ukuthola umphumela onembe kunazo zonke, udinga ukulungiselela ngokucophelela izivivinyo. Ukuze wenze lokhu:ngosuku olwandulela izivivinyo udinga ukuyeka ukuphuza utshwala,ekuseni ngaphambi kokubeletha, uvunyelwe ukusebenzisa kuphela amanzi ahlanzekile, futhi amahora ayisishiyagalombili noma nambili ngaphambi kokulinganisa inkomba, kufanele ukhawule ngokuphelele ukusetshenziswa kokudla,kwenqatshelwe ukuxubha amazinyo wakho ekuseni, ngoba amazinyo aqukethe i-monosaccharide (ushukela), ongena mucosa womlomo emzimbeni futhi ongashintsha izinga lentengo etholakele (bambalwa abantu abaziyo ngalo mthetho),musa ukuhlafuna ushungamu wezinsini.Isampula yegazi yenziwa kusuka emunweni. Ungathola izinkomba zakho ekhaya, kepha lokhu kudinga i-glucometer. Umphumela uvame ukunganembile ngoba imivimbo yokuhlola ngama-reagents, lapho ixhumana nomoya, i-oxid kancane, futhi lokhu kuhlanekezela umphumela.Izimbangela zeMonosaccharide ephezuluIzimbangela zokushukela okukhulu kwegazi zihlanganisa:ukudla ngaphambi kokubeletha,imizwa, imizwa, ukucindezelwa ngokomzimba,Izifo ze-pituitary gland, i-adrenal gland, i-pineal gland, i-thyroid gland,Izifo zamanyikwe kanye nokugaya,ukuthatha imishanguzo ethile (i-insulin, i-adrenaline, i-estrogen, i-thyroxine, i-diuretics, i-corticosteroids, i-glucocorticosteroids, i-nicotinic acid, i-indomethacin),ubuthi be-carbon monoxide,ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo sikashukela.Izimbangela zeMonosaccharide ephansiOkuqukethwe okwehlisiwe kungakhombisa:ubuthi obudakayo,izifo zepheshana lesisu (i-pancreatitis eqinile noma engamahlalakhona, i-enteritis, imiphumela emibi ekhula ngezikhathi ezithile ngemuva kokuhlinzwa esiswini),ukwephulwa okukhulu kwezinqubo ze-metabolic emzimbeni womuntu,isifo sesibindi (ukukhuluphala, i-cirrhosis),uhlobo lokukhuluphala,isimila esiswini kumanyikwe,ukuphazamiseka emsebenzini wemithambo yegazi,Izifo zesistimu yezinzwa ephakathi nendawo.i-sarcoidosisubuthi obukhulu obunobuthi begundane noma i-chloroform,phambi kwe-hyperglycemia, i-hypoglycemia iba ngemuva kokusebenzisa ngokweqile izidakamizwa ze-insulin noma izidakamizwa ezinciphisa ushukela. Futhi, umuntu onesifo sikashukela uzoba ne-hypoglycemia ngokuhlanza ngemuva kokudla noma ngenxa yokweqa ukudla.Izimpawu ezifakiwe ze-glucose ekhuphukayo emzimbeniOkuqukethwe okwandayo kwe-monosaccharide emzimbeni kuvame ukufaka ukuthuthukiswa kohlobo 1 lwesifo sikashukela. Izimpawu zohlobo 1 sikashukela zifaka:ukomela okuqinile nokungamahlalakhona, isiguli singaphuza cishe amalitha amahlanu amanzi ngosuku,umuntu onjalo unuka kabi i-acetone ephuma emlonyeni wakheumuntu uzwa umuzwa wokuhlala elambile, udla kakhulu, kepha ngaphezu kwalokho, mncane kakhulu,ngenxa yenani elikhulu loketshezi oludakayo, kuba ne-polyuria, isifiso esijwayelekile sokukhipha okuqukethwe yisinye, ikakhulukazi ebusuku,noma yimuphi umonakalo esikhunjeni awupheli kahle,isikhumba esisemzimbeni sivame ukusikeka, isikhunta noma i-furunculosis ivela ngokungagulisi.Imvamisa, uhlobo lokuqala lwesifo sikashukela luqala ukukhula emavikini ambalwa emva kokugula okusha kwegciwane (isimungumungwane, irubella, umkhuhlane) noma ukushaqeka okukhulu kwemizwa.Ngokwezibalo, ingxenye yesine yeziguli ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 aziziboni izibonakaliso ze-pathology embi.Kwenzeka kaningi ukuthi isiguli siwele enkomeni ye-hyperglycemic, kuthi ngemuva kwalapho kutholakale ukuthi unesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 esibhedlela.Izimpawu zokukhula kwe-hyperglycemia yohlobo lwesibiliLesi sifo sikhula ngezigaba iminyaka embalwa. Imvamisa kuthinta abantu abasondele ekugugeni. Isiguli sihlala sibona ukonakala kwenhlala-kahle, isimo sokukhathala, amanxeba emzimbeni aphulukisa kahle, umbono uyawohloka, inkumbulo iyahlupheka. Bambalwa abantu abacabanga ukuthi lokhu kungukuthuthuka kwe-hyperglycemia, ngakho-ke, odokotela bavame ukukuxilonga ngeziguli ngengozi. Izimpawu zingokulandelayo:Izinkinga zememori, ukubona okufiphele, ukukhathala.Izinkinga zesikhumba: ukulunywa, ukhunta, amanxeba apholisa kahle.Ukoma okukhulu + kwe-polyuria.Abesifazane bane-thrush engapheli, okunzima ukuyelapha.Ezingeni lokugula, umuntu uqala ukwehla emzimbeni.Kukhona izilonda emilenzeni, ezinyaweni, kubuhlungu ukuhamba, imilenze yami iguge, futhi kuzwakale.Engxenyeni yeziguli, i-pathology is asymptomatic.Imvamisa, i-hyperglycemia ingahambisana nesifo sezinso, imivimbo engazelelwe noma ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, ukulahleka kombono.
