Ukubeka MikroTik QoS – ngoba Home / Office Small – Ingxenye 1Ingxenye 1 – Isingeniso – Ukubeka Queues Simple (Lokhu okuthunyelwe)Ingxenye 2 – Thembeke Eveza traffic – Ukubeka Mangle Rules (Kuyeza maduze TM)Ingxenye 3 – Ukushintsha Izinto Eziza Kuqala and Limits – Ukubeka Umugqa Trees (Kuyeza maduze TM)Ingxenye 4 – Monitoring Usage – Ngobutjha Queues – Limiting Abusive Devices (Kuyeza maduze TM)Ingxenye 5 – ??? Profit ???The first problem one usually comes across after being tasked with improving an Internet connection is that the connection is overutilised. Ngokuvamile, akekho owaziyo ukuthi kungani, ngubani, noma yini ebangela inkinga – except of course everyone blames the ISP. Ngezinye izikhathi kuba ISP – but typically you can’t prove that without having an alternative connection immediately available. I currently manage or help manage four “Amasayithi / isakhiwo” ukuthi ukusetshenziswa QoS ukuphatha kwabo lwenethiwekhi Internet. Omunye uwukuthi emsebenzini wami, two are home connections, and the last one is a slightly variable one – Ngokuvamile nje uxhumano ekhaya kodwa kungenjalo, for a weekend every few months, it becomes a 140-Indoda (futhi ekhula) LAN. Fun. 🙂MikroTik RouterOS futhiMikroTik'S RouterOS is very powerful in the right hands. Many other routers support QoS but not with the fine-grain control MikroTik provides. Alternatively you could utilise other Linux-based router OS’s, njenge DD-WRT, Smoothwall, Ukuxazulula, njalonjalo. Eziningi zalezi ngokuvamile zidinga ukuthi unayo iseva spare amanga noma a ehambisanayo hardware router. Mikrotik uthengisa RouterBoards ukuthi babe RouterOS builtin – futhi akubizi.Okuhlangenwe nakho kwami ​​with routers kuyinto ngokuyinhloko Cisco futhi MikroTik – and my experience with QoS is primarily with Abela sika NetEnforcer / NetXplorer izinhlelo kanye MikroTik. Ethandwa kakhulu MikroTik Amadivayisi in isipiliyoni sami (ngaphandle omakhalekhukhwini babo abazinikezele yesikhathi eside) bebelokhu yabo rb750 (nguqulo entsha okuthiwa “eHex“) futhi rb950-amabhodi esekelwe. Banayo abanye abaningi available and are relatively inexpensive. In historical comparison with Cisco’s premium devices, Ngiye zazivame ukuchaza Amadivayisi MikroTik sika njengoba “90% izici at 10% izindleko”. Njengoba kulo mhlahlandlela okuhloswe ngokuyinhloko ngaso SME / Home ukusetshenziswa, inexpensive makes more sense. If you’re looking at getting a MikroTik device, uqaphele ukuthi MikroTik routers ukwenza hhayi typically include DSL modems, Kanjalo imishini yakho ekhona ngokuvamile kusadingeka. Phawula futhi ukuthi lokhu hhayi isifundo on kokumisa idivayisi MikroTik kusuka ekuqaleni. Kukhona inala Abaqondisi iyatholakala inthanethi ukuthi kakade.Theory zibe practice – izinyathelo zokuqalaUkuze usethe up QoS kahle, you need to have an idea of a policy that takes into account the following:The jikelele speed uxhumanoMangaki abasebenzisi / Amadivayisi uzobe usebenzisa uxhumanoUkuze kuzuzwe lokhu okungenhla izibonelo yami, I bayocabanga okulandelayo:The MikroTik umiselwe ukucushwa network ezenzakalelayo lapho inethiwekhi wendawo 192.168.88.0/24 futhi uxhumano Inthanethi Ilungiselelwe nge PPPoE.I speed uxhumano 10 / 2Mbps (10 Mbps thwebula speed; 2 Mbps speed upload)Kuzoba khona 5 abasebenzisi abaningi njengoba 15 Amadivayisi (amakhompuyutha / amaphilisi / mobile phones / WiFi njll)Okulandwayo ejwayelekile zidinga kuqala kanye throughput kodwa ongaphakeme ezibalulekile kanye latencyNo abasebenzisi kufanele eqhulwini phezu kwabanyeThe first and probably quickest step is to set up what RouterOS refers to as a Umugqa Simple.Ngenze script iDemo ukuthi engiye igcinwa kwi MikroTik Amadivayisi yami wamisa emigqeni elula. Kuyinto kanje::ngoba x kusukela 1 ukuze 254 do ={/emugqeni elula Igama add ="internet-usage- $ x" DST ="pppoe" max-limit = 1900k / 9500k target ="192.168.88.$x"Okushiwo ngenhla akwenzayo umkhawulo isivinini esiphezulu iyiphi idivayisi ngabanye angasebenzisa “1900k” (1.9Mb) ulayishe futhi “9500k” (9.5Mb) thwebula.Isizathu kungani imikhawulo max kukhona at 95% of the line’s maximum speed is that this guarantees no single device can fully starve the connection, negatively affecting the other users. With a larger userbase I would enforce this limit further. Ngokwesibonelo, kanye 100 abasebenzisi isevisi 20MB I Abeke lokhu umkhawulo kuya 15Mb noma ngisho nje kuphela 1MB. Lokhu kuncike ngokuphelele indlela “eyihlazo” abasebenzisi kanye, njengoba wena ukuthola kuphi futhi kanjani wahlukunyezwa kakhulu kwenzeka, you can adjust it appropriately.The Isiqalo “internet-ukusetshenziswa” egameni ipharamitha kungenziwa egcizelele. Ngokuvamile ngibeka lezi ukuba ubheke igama emagcekeni. Ngokwesibonelo, with premises named “alpha” futhi “beta”, I ngeke ngokuvamile abeke “internet-alpha” futhi “internet-beta”. Lokhu kusiza ngokomzwelo wemvelo sehlukanise izingosi.Umngcele DST ine “pppoe” in the isibonelo. Lokhu kufanele ukufaka endaweni kanye igama interface that provides the Internet connection.Ukuqinisekisa oyifisayo script ukuba kufaneleke ukuba ukucushwa yakho. Gcina script kuze MikroTik futhi uyisebenzise – noma unamathisele ngqo ukugcina MikroTik ukuba akhiphe it.In my next post I will go over setting up what RouterOS refers to as Mangle Imithetho. Lezi mithetho ukukhonza ukuhlonza / ahlukanisa kwenethiwekhi ukuze enze QoS zikanokusho-grained kungenzeka.
