I-Biliary Pancreatitis > AmanyikweI-biliary-based biliary pancreatitisI-biliary pancreatitis ithathwa njenge-lesion yokuvuvukala yesibili yamanyikwe ku-pathology yesibindi ne-biliary (uhlelo lwe-hepatobiliary). Lolu uhlobo lwesifo se-pancreatic esingalapheki lapho ukugcwala ngakunye kulandela noma kuhlangana nokuhlaselwa kwe-cholelithiasis (ebhaliswe ababhali abahlukahlukene kusuka ku-25 kuye ku-90%).Kukhona ukwanda okuphindwe kathathu kulolu hlobo lwe-pancreatitis kubantu abadala kanye nokuphindeka kwezingane izikhathi ezi-4. Ukuqashelwa kuyayixhuma neziguli ezenqaba ukwelashwa okuhlinzwa kokuhanjiswa kwamatshe okubhalisiwe kufakwe emiseleni ye-bile ngenxa yethemba lokwelashwa okulondoloziwe.Imvamisa abesifazane bayagula. Abanye ababhali bathi ushintsho olusetshenzisiwe lwamanyikwe kumakhansele asendaweni yokuqala imvamisa yezilonda, ukususa i-pancreatitis yotshwala.I-ICD-10 cishe ayichazi ukuthi iyini i-pancreatitis enesibindi. Ngohlobo lweqiniso, lungahlukaniswa ngokuthi lubi futhi lungamahlalakhona. Futhi ngokusho kwekhodi K 86.1 - "amanye ama-pancreatitis" ngaphandle kokucacisa umsuka.Indlela yokuthuthukisaUkuzibandakanya ekulimazeni kwe-pancreatic ezifweni zesibindi, i-gallder kanye ne-ducts kungenzeka ngezindlela eziningi. Ukutheleleka kudlulela kwi-parenchyma ye-gland ngemikhumbi ye-lymphatic, i-pancreatitis iqhubeka njenge-parenchymatous, kepha ibamba imisele. Ukuvinjezelwa okwenziwa ngendlela eyitshe ngetshe le-duct ye-bile ejwayelekile kudala ingcindezi, kufaka isandla ekuqineni kokuklanywa emgodini oyinhloko we-gland kanye ne-edema yayo.Umsebenzi we-Vater papilla we-duodenum uyaphazamiseka, lapho imfihlo yama-pancreas ne-bile iphuma ndawonye. Izimo zenzelwe ukuphonsa i-bile emgodini we-pancreatic ngokuvuvukala okwalandela. Kulokhu, i-hepatitis esebenzayo ibalulekile.I-pathology yesibindi ibangela inani elikhulu le-peroxide compounds kanye nama-radicals wamahhala adlule ku-bile. Yizinto ezilimazayo eziqinile lapho bengena izicubu ze-pancreatic.Ukwakheka kwe-biliary sludge (sediment) - kwenzeka nge-cholecystitis ne-cholangitis ngenxa yokwephulwa kwezakhiwo ze-bile nezomzimba. Ezinye zezakhi zinika ngesimo sikasawoti, ama-microstones. Ukuhamba, kulimaza ulwelwesi lwama-mucous, kwandisa ukuvuvukala nokuvuvukala kwe-Vater papilla, futhi kuvimbe ukuphuma.Ngenxa yalokhu, i-bile ayingeni kwi-duodenum, kodwa idluliselwa kwi-pancreatic duct, lapho ingcindezi isivele inyuke khona ngenxa yokuqina. Umphumela umphumela wokwenza kusebenze ama-enzyme e-pancreatic juice, ukubhujiswa kwesithiyo esivikelayo, ukuvulwa kwesango labamele izifo ezithathelwanayo.Yiziphi izifo ezinegalelo ekutholakaleni kwe-biliary pancreatitis?Ukwehluka okunikeziwe kwe-pathogenesis kuvamile ezifweni eziningi zohlelo lwe-hepatobiliary. Ngakho-ke, i-pancreatitis esekelwe emndenini yenzeka njengokungezelelwa nokuxakaniseka:isifo se-gallstone (ezimweni ezi-2/3),ukungalungiseki okuzalwe kabusha kwe-bile ne-pancreatic ducts,umsebenzi wezimoto ongekho kahle (i-dyskinesia) yomthambo nezindlela,cholecystitis engaphelii-hepatitis kanye ne-cirrhosis yesibindi,i-pathology yasendaweni yengono yeVater ngenxa yokuvuvukala, ukuqothuka kwe-spastic, ukuvalwa kwamatshe ngamatshe, ushintsho lwe-cicatricial,izilonda eziyizigaxa zesibindi kanye nesinye.Izici ezinikezayo zingaba:ukungondleki, ukusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo evusa ukumbumbuluzwa okubhalwe phansi,ukwelashwa ngemithi enezakhiwo ze-choleretic,ukunciphisa isisindo.I-pancreatitis ebhekelwa emndenini ivela ngesimo esibuhlungu noma esivame kakhulu esimweni esingamahlalakhona. I-acute - yenzeka ngokuhlaselwa kwe-cholelithiasis, ekhulisa isimo saso isiguli, siyimbangela yokufa. Okungamahlalakhona - kuthatha izinyanga eziyisithupha noma ngaphezulu. I-Exacerbations ilandelwa ukukhishwa. Umphumela uncike emiphumeleni yokwelashwa kwepheshana lokuphilayo, ukudla.Isithombe somtholampilo sesi sifoUmtholampilo we-pancreatitis ongahlangene ne-biliary unezimpawu eziningana.Ubuhlungu wuphawu lokuqala olubangela ukuthi iziguli zibone udokotela. Kungaba ukugoqa noma ukugoqa emuva noma i-hypochondrium. Nge-pancreatitis ye-biliary, izinhlungu zenzeka ngemuva kokudla okuthosiwe, okunamafutha, ngoba izitsha ezinjalo ziyi-choleretic. Ubuhlungu buba amahora ambalwa ngemuva kokudla kokugcina, kepha kungenzeka futhi ebusuku ngesisu esingenalutho. Ngenxa yokugaya isikhathi eside kwamafutha, izinhlungu zingabhekwa amahora amaningi.Ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo kwe-dyspeptic (ukugabha, isicanucanu, ukuthokomala, ukufutheka emlonyeni, umuzwa wobunzima esiswini, ukugqabuka okubabayo, ukubambezeleka noma ukungatholakali kwendle). Kaningi, iziguli zibona ukuphindaphindwa kokuphindaphindwe kokudla okwenzeka ekuphakameni kobuhlungu. Ukuskena akulethi ukukhululeka, futhi kuvela izifiso ezintsha emizuzwini embalwa.Izimpawu zokudakwa: umkhuhlane, ubuthakathaka, ukulahleka kwesifiso.IJaundice: i-icteric stain of the sclera, i-mucosa yomlomo, amapuleti ezipikili, isikhumba.Kubalulekile! Uma lezi zimpawu zithatha imvelo evulekile futhi bese ziphazamisa isiguli inyanga noma ngaphezulu, khona-ke lokhu kuyinkomba yokuvuvukala okungapheli. Kusukela kulo mzuzu, bakhuluma nge-pancreatitis engapheli yomdlavuza.Ukuxilonga nezindlela zocwaningo zaselebhuUkuxilongwa kwe-pancreatitis ene-biliary-based pancreatitis kwenziwa ngemuva kokuqoqa izikhalazo ne-anamnesis yesiguli, ukuhlolwa kwenhloso kwesiguli. Ukuba khona kwesifo esisongela isiguli (isifo se-gallstone, isifo sesibindi noma i-duodenal ulcer) kuzosiza ukusola ukungasebenzi kahle kwamanyikwe.Lapho usuhlolwa, kufanelekile ukunaka ukubala kwesikhumba kanye nolwelwesi lwama-mucous, palpation yesisu. Njengomthetho, nge-pancreatitis ye-biliary, isisu asitholakali ukuthola i-palpation ejulile ezindaweni ze-epigastric nezindawo ezingaphansi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunobuhlungu kumaphoyinti wokuqagela we-gallbladder.Ukuqinisekisa ubukhona balesi sifo, kunikezwa izindlela ezengeziwe zelebhu kanye nezinsizakalo zocwaningo:Ukuhlolwa kwegazi okwenziwa emtholampilo okujwayelekile (ngaphandle kokubhebhetheka kwe-pancreatitis ye-biliary, ukukhuphuka okulinganiselayo kwenombolo ye-leukocytes kuyabonwa, ngokwanda - i-leukocytosis emenyezelwe ngokushintsha kwendlela ye-leukocyte kwesobunxele).Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-biochemical. Lapha ungabona inani lama-enzymes e-hepatic: ama-amylases (ngokukhuphuka kwe-pancreatitis enobili, okuwedlulele kungaba izikhathi eziyi-10 noma ngaphezulu), ukudluliselwa (i-AcAT, i-AlAT), i-alkaline phosphatase, lipase.Ukuhlaziywa kwezindunduma zokuba khona kwamafutha kuyo.I-Ultrasound indinganiso yegolide ekuxilongeni. Ngasikhathi sinye, ukwakheka kwesimo esishubile kutholakala gallbladder noma izindunduma zaso, ukuqina kwe-bile, udonga olubunjiwe lwe-gallbladder, kuphazamisa ushintsho kumanyikwe (i-heterogenible sakhiwo, i-contours engalingani, i-edema, ukubalwa kanye ne-petrificates kuzicubu zezitho).I-Dynamic cholecystography kanye ne-ERCP (i-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography) izosiza ekuboneni ukuthi ngabe kukhona yini ushintsho epaparini elikhulukazi le-duodenal kanye nasekubulaweni kwangaphambi kokuzala kwama-ducts e-pancreatic. Ngesikhathi se-ERCP, i-papillosphincterotomy imvamisa yenziwa ukususa i -usus futhi idambise umfutho wegazi ophakeme emigqonyeni ye-bile.I-EFGDS (esophagogastroduodenoscopy) yenzelwe zonke iziguli ezine-pancreatitis esolisayo esolisayo. Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, ipheshana lokugaya lihlolwe ngokuphelele. Kubhekelwa ikakhulukazi indawo yepillailla enkulu ye-duodenal, kuyihlolisisa ukuthi kukhona izinguquko ze-fibrotic, izitringi nezinye izinqubo ze-pathological.Ukwelashwa kwe-pancreatitis ebiliary-basedNgamafomu amnene, kukhethwa ukwelashwa okulondoloziwe. Into esemqoka lapha ukulandela ngokuqinile ekudleni futhi uthathe izidakamizwa ze-antisecretory.Lapho kukhona i-calculi gallbladder noma izindunduma zayo, yenza izindlela zokungenelela lapho zisuswa khona. Ukuhlinzwa kwenziwa futhi nezindlela ezithuthukile ze-biliary-pancreatitis, lapho i-necrosis yezicubu ze-gland isivele ibonwe. Lo msebenzi uyisimo esiphuthumayo, senziwa ngenxa yezizathu zempilo.Ngokuqhuma kwe-pancreatitis ye-biliary, iziguli zinqunyelwe ukulamba ngezinsuku zokuqala ezingama-4-5. Lokhu kunciphisa umthwalo we-enzymatic kuma-pancreas, kwakha ukuphumula okusebenzayo kuwo. Ngemuva kwalokho isiguli sinqunywe ukudla okuphephile (ithebula No. 5) ngokuvinjelwa kokudla okunamafutha, okunosawoti, okuthosiwe, nokwenziwe okusemathinini.Kubalulekile! Iziphuzo ze-Soda nezotshwala, izitsha ezandisa umthwalo kumanyikwe, nokudla okubandakanyekayo kukhishwe ngokuphelele ekudleni.Nge-pancreatitis ye-biliary, ukugcizelela kubekwa ekudleni kwamaprotheni, okuvela ezinhlobonhlobo ezinamafutha aphansi enyama nezinhlanzi, okusanhlamvu nemikhiqizo yobisi. Kwiziphuzo ezivunyelwe i-tee, ama-decoctions, ama-compotes wezithelo omisiwe, jelly. Kufika kuma-gramu angama-50 kashukela nocezu lwesinkwa esomile (hhayi okusha) ngosuku.Ukwelashwa okuqondayoNgokuhambisana nokudla, kusetshenziswa ukwelashwa ngezidakamizwa:Ukulwa nobuhlungu. Ebukhoneni bezinhlungu, kubalwa ama-antispasmodics (i-no-shpa, i-papaverine, i-platifillin, njll.) Kungenzeka ukuthi lobuhlungu bubangelwe yi-atony ye-gallbladder. Kulokhu, okuphambene nalokho, kusetshenziswa izinto ezifaka izicubu zomzimba ezibushelelezi (i-domperidone, i-cerucal, njll.) Lokhu kwenza ngcono ukuhamba kwamathumbu, ngaleyo ndlela kwenziwe ngcono ukugaya.Ukwelashwa nge-antisecretory. Ngokukhuphuka kwe-pancreatitis ebambelele emndenini, kubalulekile ukucindezela umsebenzi owakhiwa wukuqina kwama-pancreas. Kulokhu, i-Famotidine, i-Ranitidine, noma umuthi wesizukulwane sakamuva - I-Octreotide inqunyelwe. Ngasikhathi sinye, secretion esiswini ivinjelwe u-Omeprazole, osiza ukubuyisa ama-pancreas.Ukwelashwa kwe-Anticoagulant. Kwenziwa ngama-heparin aphansi wesisindo, okuvimbela ukwakheka kwezigaba zegazi emithanjeni ye-gland, kuthuthukise ukugcwala kwe-microcirculation, kwandise ukuhamba kwegazi esitho.Uma kunesikhala se-sphincter sepilla enkulu, khona-ke kubekwe i-myotropic antispasmodic - Mebeverin. Lokhu kuthuthukisa ukujikeleza kwe-bile, kunciphisa umfutho wegazi ophakeme kanye nokugobhoza ezindlini.Lapho kukhona i-calculi encanyana yedigriyidi, amalungiselelo e-deoxycholic acid ayengezwa ekwelapheni i-bancary-pancreatitis-biliary, enomthelela ekuchithweni kwamatshe nokuphuma kwawo emgodleni wamathumbu (isb. Ursosan).Ukhubazeka kokuqunjelwa kwe-pancreatic kunxephezelwa ngokwelashwa okunye esikhundleni. Kulokhu, kulungiselelwe amalungiselelo e-enzyme (isb. Creon), athuthukisa ukugaya esiswini, anciphise umfutho wegazi ophakeme. Ngaleyo ndlela kusheshisa ukuphuma kwe-bile nokusebenza okujwayelekile kwendlela yokugaya ukudla.Lapho kukhona i-cholecystitis ye-etiology yamagciwane noma i-purulent foci yokuvuvukala ku-gland uqobo, isiguli sinqunywe ngokuphuthumayo ama-antibiotic we-wide spectrum yesenzo.Lapho kukhona isifo se-gallstone, umbuzo wokungenelela kokuhlinza usonjululwa. Okuncamelayo kunikezwa ngamasu angahlaseli kangako. Kulesi simo, i-etiological factor iyasuswa, enomthelela ekululameni okusheshayo okugcwele, ukususwa kwazo zonke izinkomba ze-bancary-pancreatitis ye-biliary.I-Laparoscopy Isetshenziswa kaningi, ngoba ukuhlinzwa kwenziwa kusuka kokuthathu okufinyeleleka kusuka odongeni lwangaphakathi lwesisu. Inzuzo yokusebenza ukuthi ikuvumela ukuthi ukhiphe isigaxa senyongo ngamatshe wanoma yiluphi usayizi nesimo. Izinkinga zomsebenzi onjalo, njengomthetho, aziveli.I-Papillosphincterotomy. Kwenziwa ngqo ngesikhathi se-ERCP. Kulokhu, i-sphincter ye-papilla enkulu ne-terminal calving ye-pancreatic duct ihlulwe ngethuluzi elikhethekile elilawulwa ngumbono. Lo msebenzi wenziwa kuphela lapho kukhona amatshe amancane (kuze kufike ku-5 mm ubukhulu), ngoba ngamatshe anjalo kuphela ngemuva kokuqanjwa amandla angenela ngokuzimele emgodleni wamathumbu futhi ancenge umzimba wawo ngendle.Ukuhlanjululwa kwamabhaluni. Kusho ukubekwa okuqinile emiseleni ye-bile ngenhloso yokwanda. Inqubo nayo yenziwa ngesikhathi sokuxilonga i-ERCP noma ngokwayo.I-Remote shock wave therapy. Ngesikhathi sale nqubo, amatshe asemgodini wesibeletho noma e-duct akuchotshozwa amaza okushaqisa we-ultrasound, alandela ngamandla athile nemvamisa. Isihlabathi nezingxenye ezisele ze-calculi zingena ngokuzimele emgodini wamathumbu, futhi ukuphuma kwe-bile kusungulwa. Inqubo ikhonjiswa amatshe amancane asachotshozwa.Ukusebenza okuvulekile. Ukuze ususe i-calculi, manje ayisetshenziswa kakhulu. Kwenziwa kuphela lapho kungekho khona imishini ye-laparoscopic esibhedlela noma lapho kukhona amatshe amakhulu okunzima ukuwasusa ngokushesha. Ngokuvamile, umsebenzi ovulekile wenziwa nge-pancreatic necrosis ngezizathu zempilo. Ngasikhathi sinye, izingxenye zezicubu ezifile ziyasuswa noma kufakwa wonke amalungu emzimbeni.I-pancreatitis esekelwe emndenini yisifo esibi sokuhlinzwa, esivame ukuqhamuka kwe-cholelithiasis noma i-pathology yepilla duodenal papilla enkulu. Kulokhu, ukuvuvukala kwe-aseptic noma i-purulent izicubu ze-pancreatic kwenzeka, okungamboza sonke isitho ngokuphelele noma ingxenye yaso kuphela. Izimpawu zokuqala ezisola ukuthi i-pancreatitis ye-biliary isola kubuhlungu, isicanucanu nokuhlanza okuphindaphindiwe, ukunambitheka komunyu emlonyeni, kanye ne-jaundice. Ukuxilongwa kungaqinisekiswa yi-ultrasound kanye nezifundo ze-radiological ngokuhlukile. Izindlela zokwelapha ezihlaselayo nezokuhlinzwa zingasetshenziswa ekwelapheni lesi sifo. Ukukhethwa kwendlela kuncike esimweni nakwisifo esithile.Iyini i-pancreatitis engama-biliary-esekela okungamahlalakhona?I-pancreatitis ye-biliary-based chronic pancreatitis iyindlela yokuvuvukala kwamanyikwe lapho lesi sitho siphulukana ngokuphelele nekhono laso lokwenza imisebenzi yaso (isb., Amandla okukhiqiza ama-hormone nama-enzyme). Lesi sifo sikhula ngaphansi kwezimo zempilo ye-gland kanye ne-biliary. Igama elithi "okungamahlalakhona" libonisa ukuthi lesi sifo sikhula kancane futhi sihambisana nomuntu iminyaka eminingi.Cishe isigamu samacala, i-pancreatitis yalolu hlobo ingumphumela wezifo zemiphunga ye-gallbladder, etholakala ngokuseduze namanyikwe namazolo ayo, futhi ivulekile, njengamakhanda alo mdaka, ungene kwi-duodenum.I-pancreatic pancreatitisKunezimpawu ezimbalwa ezihlukanisa i-pancreatitis ehambisana nomdlavuza kusuka kwezinye izinhlobo zalesi sifo:Ubuhlungu Lesi sibonakaliso sihambisana nezimo eziningi ze-pathological, kepha izinhlungu zingaba nezithunzi ezihlukile nokwenziwa kwasendaweni (indawo okugxilwe kuyo). Ngalesi sifo, izinhlungu zifana ne-hepatic colic, zenzeka ngoparoxysmally, imvamisa ebusuku. Ubuhlungu buthi “busika” umuntu bube ngama-halves amabili endaweni lapho kutholakala khona amanyikwe. Imvamisa yobuhlungu buveza (bunika) ehlombe, emuva, emahlombe nakumahlo.Ukuqhakaza, ukubhuqa, ukubhuqa esiswini, isicanucanu, ukugabha, ngesinye isikhathi - ukubopha.Isifo sohudo kuze kube kane ngosuku. Kubonakala ngokugcwala futhi okucasulayo, njengezitulo ezinjenge-gruel ezinombala onsomi, aqukethe izinsalela ezingaphanjwanga ze-chyme (ukudla osekuvele kusetshenzwe ngejusi lesisu kepha kungenakugaywa okunye ngenxa yokuntuleka kwama-enzyme emathunjini amancane) namafutha (lokhu kuhlobene nokushoda okukhulu kwama-enzyme wokugaya kanye ne-emulsifiers). Isithambisi esinamafutha sinqunywa kalula yiqiniso lokuthi liyakhukhumeza amanzi futhi aligezwa yiwo.Izimpawu ze-jaundice (isikhumba siphenduka siphuzi, ulwelwesi lwama-mucous, amaprotheni eso aphenduka owolintshi). Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwembula inani elikhulu le-bilirubin kulo, elenziwa kubantu abanempilo kahle esibindini futhi likhishwe emathunjini.Ukwanda kokuhlushwa ushukela egazini nomchamo, isifo sikashukela mellitus.Ukulahlekelwa isisindo ngaphandle kwesizathu esibonakalayo.Uhlobo lobuhlungu ekwandiseni i-pancreatitis engamahlalakhonaIzimbangela ezilandelayo zivusa i-pain syndrome:Ukusetshenziswa kokudla kwe-choleretic. Kungaba iqanda leqanda, i-caviar, njll.Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ze-choleretic.Ukwehla kwesisindo okubukhali.Ukuthuthukiswa kokuvuvukala kwe-pancreatitisI-pilireat pancreatitis yisifo sesibili, izimbangela zazo ezilandelayo:Isakhiwo esingajwayelekile sezitho ezithile zesisu (i-gland uqobo, i-gall bladder, ducts). Lokhu kungahle kube ngenxa yokuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo kanye nezinkinga ekukhuleni kwesibeletho. Ukwelashwa kokugada imvamisa akwenzeki lapha: ukuhlinzwa kuyadingeka.Amatshe ku-gallbladder.Ukungakwazi kwe-gallbladder inkontileka, lapho i-bile iyeke ukungena ku-duodenum.I-cholecystitis engabali (ukuvuvukala gallbladder, engahambisani nokwakhiwa kwamatshe).I-Cirrhosis yesibindi (ukushintshwa okungenakuguqulwa kwesicubu sesibindi ngezicubu ze-adipose).Ukuvuvukala kwe-duodenal papilla (papillitis).Imingcele ye-sphincter yase-Oddi. Lokhu kungumsipha wendandatho, obhekele ukudlula noma ukungakudlulisi ukudla okugayishwe esiswini kuya e-duodenum.Ukunciphisa i-papilla ye-duodenal ye-duodenum.Ukuvalwa kwe-papilla eshiwo ngenhla.Izimbangela ze-pancreatitis engapheli yomdlavuzaIzinhlobo zezifoI-pancreatitis ye-biliary ibangelwa ama-pancreatic pathologies ahambisana nokuphuma okungajwayelekile kwe-bile. Lapho umfutho ukhuphuka emgudwini we-duodenum noma we-biliary, i-bile nejusi le-pancreatic faka ama-pancreas. Kuleli qophelo, i-trypsin esebenzayo ingena kwi-duodenum, eqala ukuncibilika hhayi izixuku ze-pancreatic, kodwa amaseli we-pancreatic. Ngakho-ke, umzimba uyagaya uqobo.Ochwepheshe bewebhusayithi ye-zheleza.com bahlukanisa ukuhlukaniswa okunjalo kwe-pancreatitis:Ukuncika kweBiliary.I-Pseudotumorous.Ukuvula.I-ParenchymalI-Idiopathic.Kwenzeka njalo.Okubhubhisayo.I-Necrotic.Kuyenga.Kubalwa.I-Atrophic.Unobuthi.I-Biliary.OkwesibiliKuyamangalisa.I-Purulent.I-biliary pancreatitis ihlukaniswe:Ubukhali. Kuvela ekusebenziseni kabi utshwala, ukudla okunezipayisi, izoso, izinongo, okuthosiwe nokubhema.Okungapheli Kuvela ngemuva kokungabikho kokwelashwa kwefomu elibuhlungu. Ihambisana ne-atrophy, ukuphazamisa izinguquko, ukungasebenzi kahle, ukubukeka kwama-cysts.Njengoba kukhonjisiwe, izifo ezikhona gallbladder, i-biliary tract kanye ne-duodenum kuholela ekubonakala kwe-pancreatitis ye-biliary-based. Ngabe kuhamba kanjani lokhu? Ebangeni lesinyongo, kukhiqizwa i-bile - into esebenza kakhulu ebandakanyeka kwinqubo yokugaya. Igeleza idonsela kwi-duodenum, lapho yenza khona imisebenzi yayo. Uma ngesizathu esithile le nqubo iphazamiseka, khona-ke lesi sifo siyakhula.Kwephulwa ukuphuma kwe-bile, ingena kuma-pancreas, lapho umfutho ukhuphuka khona emihubeni bese uqhuma. UBile ungena kumaseli we-pancreas, yingakho eqala phansi.I-Bile ingathuthukisa imisebenzi yayo ebhubhisayo uma, ngasizathu simbe, ukwakheka kwayo kanye nezakhiwo zayo zishintsha, inqubo yokuvuvukala iba khona esibindini, emgudwini wesibeletho, noma esinyeni senyongo, kanti namagciwane avela ezithweni ezithelelekile angena kwi-bile.Izimpawu ze-Biliary PancreatitisI-pancreatitis ebhekelwa emndenini in amafomu acute futhi angamahlalakhona azibonakalisa ngezimpawu ezifanayo, ezifanayo nezinye izinhlobo ze-pancreatitis:Ubuhlungu esiswini sebhande noma okwenziwe endaweni esifundeni se-hypochondrium yangakwesobunxele.Ukuhlanza okungonakalisi kanye nenausea.Isifo sohudo noma ukuqunjelwa.I-pancreatitis yesibeletho engapheli ngesikhathi sokuxolelwa okungaphelele kubonakala ku:Ukuqhafaza nobuhlungu.Ukuqunjelwa okungapheli noma isifo sohudo.Izinga lokushisa eliphansi.I-pancreatitis esekelwe emndenini iboniswa yizici ezinjalo:Ubuhlungu banda ngokusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo noma izidakamizwa ze-choleretic.I-pain syndrome ifana ne-colic biliary, eyenziwe endaweni ngakwesokunene futhi inikezwe ngakwesokunene, i-blade ehlombe noma emuva emuva.Ubuhlungu buhlala njalo.Imvamisa i-paresis yamathumbu (ukuqunjelwa kanzima futhi isikhathi eside kuze kufinyelele emathunjini) kunokuhanjiswa yisisu.IJaundice njengesici esihambisana naso.Ukulimala kanye nokufutheka emlonyeni kwezinye izimo.Ukuxilongwa kanye nokwelashwa kwe-pancreatitis ebiliswa yi-biliaryNjengoba i-pancreatitis inezindlela eziningi zokubonakaliswa kwayo, odokotela kudingeka kuqala bayikhombe, bese bethola imbangela. Izindlela ezahlukahlukene zokuxilonga ziyasetshenziswa:I-Ultrasound ukuthola amatshe emqubeni nokudumbeka kumanyikwe.Ukuhlolwa kwegazi le-biochemical ushukela, i-lipase, i-amylase.I-Cholangiopancreatography ngokuhlukile.Ukuhlolwa kwegazi okujwayelekile ukuthola inani lamaseli amhlophe egazi.Iskena se-CT ukuthola isimo samanyikwe kanye nezitho zomakhelwane, izicubu ze-necrosis.I-X-ray ukukhomba isimo somzimba jikelele.Ekwelapheni i-pancreatitis, kusetshenziswa izindlela ezijwayelekile nokwelashwa okukhethekile kwezinhlobo ngakunye. Ngakho-ke, ama-painkiller, ukudla, ukungafakwa kwe-nicotine notshwala, ukwelashwa okunye esikhundleni, ukwelashwa ngamavithamini kuvamile. Ngokwe-pancreatitis esekelwe emndenini, kuyabhekelelwa:I-Pain syndrome: kuma-hypermotor uthi, ama-antispasmodics anqunyelwe (i-Debridate, No-shpa), kanye ne-hypokinesia, i-prokinetics (i-Motilium, i-Cerucal, ne-Eglonil).Izidakamizwa ezihlanganisiwe ezidingekayo esikhathini sokutakula, ezine-hepatostabilizing, izakhiwo ze-antispasmodic, ezikwazi ukwenza ngokwejwayelekile izakhiwo ze-bile: Hepatofalk, Odeston.I-pancreatitis engalapheki yempilo yomdlavuza yangempela izokwelashwa zombili nangokwelashwa. Ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa kuhlinzekelwe isimila se-Vater papilla, isifo se-gallstone, ukuncipha kwe-cicatricial. Imvamisa, imisebenzi ye-endoscopic esezingeni eliphansi yenziwa ngokufakwa kwezinsimbi ezincane kanye negumbi ngokusebenzisa izigameko ezi-3-4 odongeni lwesisu noma ngokusebenza okuvulekile kwe-laparatomic ngokusebenzisa ukubonakala okukhulu.Isiguli kufanele sinamathele ekudleni - umsoco owenziwe ngokudla, ama-5-6 receptions kulo lonke usuku izingxenye ezincane. I-Alcohol, inyama ebhemayo, izitsha ezithosiwe, ukudla okunamafutha nokugcotshwa kuyasuswa ekudleni. Inani lamafutha kanye nama-carbohydrate kufanele ancishiswe, futhi inani leproteyini kufanele lenyuswe. Ngendlela ebabazekayo yalesi sifo, ngokuvamile kuyadingeka ukwenqaba ukudla izinsuku ezintathu futhi usebenzise kuphela amanzi amaminerali angenayo i-carbonated.Njengoba kunikezwe imithi:Imithi elwa namagciwaneAma-enzymes wokushintsha umsebenzi we-pancreatic.Abalawuli beshukela egazini.Ama-analgesics nama-antispasmodics ukuqeda izinhlungu.Izidakamizwa zokuqeda ukuhlanza kanye nenausea.Abantu bathambekele ezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene ze-pancreatitis bayelulekwa ukuthi balandele indlela yokudla bese belahla utshwala obunobungozi. I-prognosis iyathuthuka uma umuntu esebenzisa ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ekuqaleni kwesifo.Isimo sobuhlunguUbuhlungu buvela ku-90% yeziguli, kuphela ezimweni ezingandile i-course engenabuhlungu yesifundo kungenzeka. Zenziwe endaweni esifundeni se-epigastric, ziqhakaza zinhlangothi zombili, ziye ehlombe langakwesokudla, ziphansi emuva.Ubuhlungu buba amahora angama-2,5-3 ngemuva kokudla, ebusuku. Ubuhlungu obukhulu kungenzeka ngokushesha ngemuva kokuphuza amanzi acwebezelayo. Kubangela i-spasm ye-sphincter yase-Oddi futhi kuvuse nobuhlungu. Isizathu esijwayelekile ukwephula lokhu kudla: ukudla ukudla okunamafutha nokuthosiwe, utshwala, amasosa ashisayo nokosa, ama-marinade no-ukhukhamba, inyama ebhemayo.Izimpawu Zokwehluleka Kwe-EnzymaticInqubo yokuvuvukala kumaseli ama-pancreas iphazamisa ukusebenza kwe-endocrine kanye ne-exocrine. Ukwehlulwa kweziqhingi zeLangerhans kubangela ukwehla ekukhiqizweni kwe-insulin nokukhubazeka kwama-hormone kwe-carbohydrate metabolism. Ngesikhathi sokuhlasela, ukwanda okukhulu noma ukuncipha kweglucose yegazi kungenzeka.Izinguquko ze-Exocrine (exocrine) zihlobene nokungabikho kwenani elanele lama-enzyme e-pancreatic emathunjini amancane. Ukukhuphuka kwendlala kuqukethe izinhlobo ezingaphezu kwama-20 zama-enzyme aqinisekisa ukuqhekeka kwamafutha namaprotheni nokuhunyushwa kwawo ezintweni ezigaya izinto eziphilayo. I-pancreatitis ye-biliary enkambweni engapheli ibangela ukushintshwa kancane kancane kwamaseli okuvikela izicubu ezithambile.Ukuntuleka kwepancreatic kuboniswa yi-dyspepsia yamathumbu:i-stool evulekile izikhathi eziningana ngosuku nge-fetid stool, embozwe ifilimu elinamafutha (i-steatorrhea),umuzwa "wokugunda" esiswini,i-belching kanye nokushaya kwenhliziyo.Izimpawu ezengeziweNgokuhamba kwesikhathi, iziguli zehla emzimbeni. Izimpawu zokushoda kwe-vithamini (isikhumba esomile, imifantu ekhoneni lomlomo, izinwele ezi-brittle, izipikili, izinsini ezikhipha ukopha) kanye nokulahleka kwama-electrolyte. Ukuxilongwa nge-slag ukungena egazini kubangela isicanucanu nomkhuhlane.Ukwehlulwa komthethonqubo wezinzwa kuthinta umsebenzi we-sphincters. Iziguli zizwa i-bile ye-Reflux esiswini, izimpawu ze-gastritis, nomuzwa wokukhathazeka ngemuva kokugqekeza.Ukuxilongwa okuhlukileIzimpawu zomtholampilo ezibangelwa yi-bancary-pancreatitis zingase zifihlwe ngemuva kwenye i-pathology yephepha lesisu. Ngakho-ke, ku-diagnostical kubalulekile ukukhipha:isilonda se-peptic sesisu ne-duodenum,amathumbu emathunjinii-antral gastritis,i-viral hepatitis,isimila se-pancreatic,i-cholecystitis engalapheki.Kuyini i-pancreatitis ye-biliaryUhlobo lwe-pancreatitis lwe-biliary ukuvuvukala kwamanyikwe, elihambisana ngqo nezinkinga zohlelo lwe-hepatobiliary. Ingakhulisa zombili isikhathi eside (izinyanga eziyisithupha noma ngaphezulu), futhi ngokushesha okukhulu. Ukunganakwa kwe-pathology kuholela ekuphazanyisweni ngokuphelele komsebenzi wamanyikwe.I-pilireat pancreatitis yisifo esivame ukutholakala esithinta ngaphezu kwengxenye yenani eliphelele lazo zonke iziguli ezinezifo ze-pancreatic. Isifo sofuba singakhula nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, kokubili kubantu abadala nasezinganeni, kodwa isikhathi esiningi lesi sifo siphezulu kubantu abadala. Ebudodeni, lesi sifo sivame kakhulu ukwedlula kwabesifazane.I-pilireat pancreatitis yisifo sesibili, esinokuvuvukala kwesifundo. Kwakheka i-pathology ngokumelene nesizinda sesifo esivele sikhona. Izifo eziyisisekelo zithinta isibindi, i-gall bladder noma i-bile ducts. Inkambo ende ye-pathologies eyinhloko iyisidingo sokuqala sokwandisa amathuba okukhula kwe-pancreatitis yesibeletho. Lesi sifo sikhula ezimweni eziningi siphikisana nesizinda se-cholelithiasis ngaphandle kwe-calculi noma ukuba khona kwe-calculi ephakathi nendawo emigodini ye-gallbladder.Uhlobo lwe-pancreatitis lwe-biliary lubonakala njengomphumela wokulimazeka kwesitho se-parenchymal. I-lesion ikhuphuka ngokuba khona kwama-radicals mahhala angena ngqo kwi-bile duct engena emgodini wamanyikwe. Inkambo ende ye-cholecystitis lapho kungekho khona amatshe ibangela ushintsho ekwakhekeni kwale mfihlo, okuthi, ngenxa yokuqina kwesikhathi eside, inomthelela ekwakhekeni kwama-flakes. Zibhidliza emgodini futhi, njengoba zihanjiswa, zingalimaza izindundana, kuholele ekunciphiseni kwazo ngenxa yokuqhuma. Kulokhu, ukungasebenzi okwanele kwe-bile Reflux kwenzeka ku-duodenum, okudala ukuthi secretion ingene ezindungeni ze-pancreatic futhi ibangele ukuvuvukala kwayo.Kubukeka kanjani, isithombeUkubona nge-pancreatitis ye-biliary kwenziwa kusetshenziswa i-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). Esithombeni ungabona ukuba khona kwe-stenosis emiseleni eyinhloko nokushiyeka kwesakhiwo emigqonyeni emincane.Ukucaciswa kwasendaweni kuyabonakala; uma kukhona, ukubalwa okungaphakathi kanye nama-plugs amaprotheni ahlukaniswa ngokucacile. Ukubona ngeso lokhozi kukuvumela ukuthi uhlole ushintsho kumanyikwe, isigaxa senyongo nesibindi.Kwezinye izimo, esithombeni ungabona ama-cysts anokuqukethwe kwe-fluid kanye nezindawo ezinamaphaphu ezicutshini zamanyikwe (ama-abscesses).Bangaphezu kuka-60% balesi sifo ngenxa yokuvalwa kokuphuma kokuphuma kwamanyikwe yi-gallstone (isifo se-gallstone).Izifo ezidala ukuthuthukiswa kohlobo lwe-pancreatitis lwe-biliary zihlanganisa:Ukwephulwa kwesakhiwo sezindlela ze-choleretic,Ukuvuvukala kwepancreas,I-Gallbladder motility disorder,Ukuvuvukala emiseleni ye-bile, okudala ukwephulwa komthetho wazo (cholangitis),Izikhala zokubandaI-Dyskinesia gvp noma i-zhp,Ukubuyiselwa kwe-bile ngokufakwa kwesilinganiso se-microscopic magnitude,Ukuhlaselwa kwe-Helminthic,Ukubonakaliswa kokuvuvukala kanye ne-pathological endaweni ye-duodenal papilla.isimo sesibili se-biliary pancreatitis njengesifo kungenxa yokuthi lesi sifo asisiwo umphumela wokuvuvukelwa kwamanyikwe, kodwa sivela ngenxa yokungasebenzi kahle kwezitho ezenzeka ezithweni eziseduze.I-Biliary Pancreatitis engapheliKukhona i-pancreatitis eyingozi kakhulu yomdlavuza kanye ne-pancreatitis engamahlalakhona.I-pancreatitis ye-biliary-based chronic pancreatitis inenkambo ende yezinyanga ezingaphezu kwezi-6. Kuyisifo se-pancreas esikhula ngemuva kwesizinda se-pathologies kanye nezifo ezizalwa yipheshana le-biliary. Lesi sifo sikhonjiswa ngokunqanyulwa noma ukulahleka okuphelele komsebenzi we-enzymatic ne-hormone-excreting of pancreasUhlobo olungamahlalakhona lwe-bancary pancreatitis luvame kakhulu. Ukulimazeka kwendlela yomgudu wobili kubangela cishe isigamu sayo yonke i-pancreatitis engapheli.Ngokwesifo se-pancreatitis esingamahlalakhona esihlala njalo, ukubukeka kokungakhululeki esiswini somlingiswa okhathazayo kuyinto ejwayelekile, okuyisikhathi eside ikhathaza isiguli, ukuba khona kwezifo ezinjenge-dyspeptic phenoena, i-stools, i-jaundice, isisindo somzimba. Ukuvela okungapheli kwe-biliary pancreatitis nakho kwenzeka ngokuqunjelwa okungapheli noma isifo sohudo.I-Acute Biliary PancreatitisI-pancreatitis ye-buteary putereatment iba ngumphumela wokuvuvukala kwepheji le-biliary futhi, ngaphandle kokuthola ukunakekelwa okufanele kwezokwelapha, kuvame ukuholela ekufeni. Ukuze kuvinjelwe futhi kulungiswe inqubo, izindlela ezisetshenziselwa ukwelashwa ezivumayo zivame ukusetshenziswa. Uma zinganiki imiphumela, ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa kuyakhonjiswa. Isikhathi esibi sibonisa nge-hyperthermia encane ezimweni eziningi ngaphakathi kwamanani amancane we-subfebrile.Inkambo yesifo esibuhlungu ibonwa yizimpawu ezilandelayo:Ubuhlungu benziwe indawo ku-hypochondrium yesobunxele. Ubuhlungu bufana -ibhande,Ukubonakaliswa njalo kwenhliziyo nausea ngokuhlanza okukhulu,Ukuqondisisa kwesikhumba,Ukwenyuka kokwenza igesi, ukuthuthukiswa kokuqunjelwa noma isifo sohudo.Ingozi yalesi sifo ukuthi izinguquko kumanyikwe zihlala zingaphenduki. Ukuqala kwalesi sifo kubonakaliswa inqubo yokuvuvukala ebangela ukungasebenzi kahle gland. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, umzimba we-pancreas ukhubazekile, ogcina ngokukhula kwamaseli alimele ezisetshenzisweni zensimbi, umbuso ungena esigabeni esingamahlalakhona.Isimo somtholampilo we-pathology sinokufana nezinye izinhlobo zezifo ze-pancreatic. Kodwa-ke, futhi kunezici zokuphila kwenkambo yalesi sifo:Ukubonakala kobuhlungu esiswini ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa okunomphumela we-choleretic, kanye nokudla okunempahla efanayo,Isikhathi sokuphefumula kobuhlungu. Ubuhlungu buhlala isikhathi eside kakhulu uma buqhathaniswa nezinye izifo,Ukwakheka kwe-paresis emathunjini. Ezimweni eziningi, lolu hlobo lwe-pancreatitis lwenzeka ngokuqunjelwa kokuqunjelwa, esimweni lapho ezinye izinhlobo zesifo zivusa ukubonakala kwesifo sohudo,Ukubonakaliswa kobuhlungu ku-hypochondrium kungakwesokudla, hhayi ngakwesokunxele. Ubuhlungu bufana ne-colic biliary,Ukuvela kwe-jaundice, okungukuthi ifomu le-pancreatitis le-biliary, kutholakala ngokuxineka kwesikhumba nezikhumba zezitho zomzimba ezibonakalayo,Ukugoba njalo nge-aftertaste ebabayo, ukufutheka emgodini womlomo.Uma i-pancreatitis ye-biliary ihambisana nokuqhuma emiseleni yamaphansele athintekile noma i-sphincter ye-oddy, isikhumba sithola i-tint ephuzi, kungenzeka ukuthi kube nokwephulwa komzimba we-carbohydrate metabolism.Ngasikhathi sinye, isiguli sikhononda ngokushaya kwenhliziyo, ukubopha, ukulahlekelwa yinhliziyo, ukuncipha kwesisindo, ukuqunjelwa, ukubukeka kwesifo sohudo, izinguquko ngombala wezindunduma (grey grey), indle ikhishwa ngephunga le-fetid.Izizathu eziphambili ezothuthukisa ukukhula kwe-biliary pancreatitis yizifo eziwumgudu, kanye nokuqina kwe-bile ngokwakhiwa kwe-precipitate ngesimo sokubala kwe-microscopic (i-biliary sludge). Izinkinga zokuzalwa kwe-duct ye-bile, inkambo ende ye-cholecystitis engapheli, kanye nokuntuleka kwe-hepatic exocrine nakho kungaba imbangela ye-pathology.Lolu hlobo lwe-pancreatitis lungabangelwa yi-dyskinesia ye-bile duct (i-choledoch), eyenza kusebenze ukususwa kwe-bile kusuka emgodini wegallbladder kanye ne-hepatic duct, ukuqhubeka kwe-cholangitis, i-cholestasis ye-congestive, ukubhujiswa kwamaseli wesibindi (i-cirrhosis), ukulimala kwe-pathological kwendlela yokusebenza kwe-bile. 12 - i-duodenum.Ukuthuthukiswa kwalezi zimbambo nge-biliary pancreatitis ku-parenchymal gland kusungulwa ngu:Izinqubo zokuvuvukalaUkwenza kusebenze izinqubo zokuwohloka,Ukuvela kokuchuma okubandakanyekayo.Ungaphatha kanjaniBasilapha ngokuphelele lesi sifo. Isu lokwelapha i-biliary pancreatitis lihlose ukuqeda i-pain syndrome, ukuguqula umzimba, kuqinise ukusebenza kwemfihlo yamanyikwe, kuvikele izifo ezithathelwanayo, kususe i-calculi (uma ikhona). I-Endoscopy ye-Vater papilla yenziwa zombili ngezinhloso zokuxilonga nokwelapha. Ukwelashwa okuyinkimbinkimbi kuhlanganisa nokwelashwa kokudla nezidakamizwa.Okokuqala, basusa isici esidabukisayo se-pathological bile Reflux. Uma lesi sifo sisesigabeni esibi, ezimweni eziningi kwenziwa umsebenzi wokususa amatshe emgodini. Lapho amatshe emancane, kunikezwa imishanguzo yokwelapha, okuhloswe ngayo ukwahlukanisa nokukhipha amatshe gallbladder.Ukumisa izinhlungu, ama-antispasmodics nama-analgesics asetshenziswa. Izidakamizwa zingabekelwa ukuphathwa komlomo, kanye nokungeniswa ngaphakathi kwezimo zokuma. Esigabeni esibi se-pathology, kusetshenziswa izidakamizwa ze-choleretic.Amalungiselelo we-Enzymatic anikezwa ukukhulisa umsebenzi wokusebenza kwamanyikwe. Kusetshenziswa kakhulu ama-creon, mezim, pancreatin. Imithi yaleli qembu yenzelwa ukuntuleka kwama-enzyme okubangelwa ukungasebenzi kahle kwemfihlo kwama-pancreas, ngaleyo ndlela inqubo ejwayelekile yokugaya. Njengoba izimo zithuthuka, kancane kancane ziyamiswa.Lapho i-BP ihambisana nokukhiqizwa ngokweqile kwe-hydrochloric acid ngamangqamuzana e-gastric mucosa, izidakamizwa ezingezekile zifakwa enkambweni yokwelashwa: izivimbeli zepampu ye-proton. I-Omeprozole, nolpase, emaner ibekiwe, ngosizo lapho inqubo yokukhiqizwa kwe-hydrochloric acid ilungiswa khona.Ngefomu engapheli ye-BP, izidakamizwa zibekiwe ezinomthelela ekujuleni kokuphuma kwe-bile. Kaningi, amakhambi asetshenziselwa le njongo. IHofitol, ethuthukiswa ngesisekelo se-artichoke ekhishwe, ibhekwa njengesebenzayo. Umuthi uvumela ukuqeda ukuhlangana kweziqubu ze-bile, ukuvimbela ukwakheka kokuqina kwe-bile.Ukwelapha okuyinkimbinkimbi kwe-BP kubandakanya futhi i-sulfonamides, i-biguanides, i-insulin yokunciphisa ushukela wegazi, imishanguzo yokuvimbela imiphumela yokutheleleka, imishanguzo ene-ursodeoxycholic acid, okuhloswe ngayo ukuqinisa i-gallbladder kanye nokuxineka ukuthuthukisa imiphumela yemithi yezinhlungu futhi kudambise ukudangala.Ukwelashwa kokuhlinzwa kwe-BP kwenziwa uma lesi sifo sibangelwa ngokuqondile yi-cholelithiasis. Izinkomba zokuhlinzwa ziyindlela esezingeni eliphakeme ye-cholelithiasis, lapho ubukhulu bamatshe bukhulu, amatshe awakwazi ukuchobozwa yi-euvl futhi avimbe ngokuphelele izindunduma ze-bile. Ngale nketho, kwenziwa i-cholecystectomy (ukususwa kwe-gallbladder kanye ne-calculi).Umsebenzi futhi wenziwa ngokuthuthukiswa kwe-adenoma eyenziwe endaweni yengono yeVater, ngokuncipha kwe-cicatricial noma ukuba khona kwezitebhisi.Ukuhlinzwa kwenziwa ngezindlela ezimbili:I-Laparotomy Lapho kwenzeka ukwakheka kwangaphandle odongeni lwesisu, kulandele ukususwa kwe-gallbladder kanye ne-calculi. Ngemuva kwalolu hlobo lokungenelela, ukunakwa okukhethekile kufanele kukhokhwe esikhathini sokululama.I-Laparoscopy Le ndlela ibhekwa njengengahambisi kahle futhi yenziwa ngezigxobo ezincane ezenziwa odongeni lwesisu. Ukuhlinzwa kwenziwa ngemishini yevidiyo. Udokotela uqapha konke ukukhohlisa ngokusebenzisa ukuqapha.Ukuhlinzwa kungabambezeleka uma isiguli sinokwehla ngokushesha komfutho wegazi, izimo zokushaqeka, isimo esingazinzile se-neuropsychic, ukugcinwa komchamo okunamandla, ukwanda okukhulu kwezinga lama-enzyme noma ushukela. Ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa ezimweni ezinjalo kwenziwa ngemuva kokuzinza kwesimo sesiguli.Ukudla kwe-pancreatitis ye-biliary: okungakwazi nokungakwaziUkwelashwa kwe-pancreatitis ye-biliary kusho ukunamathela ngokuqinile ekudleni okunqunywe uchwepheshe. Ukudla okufanele kufanele kube ngokuhlelekile nokulinganiselayo. Ukudla kulungiswa ngokuya ngenombolo yetafula lokudla 5. Enqubweni ebaluleke kakhulu noma ukubuyiselwa kwe-BP okungapheli izinsuku ezintathu, indlala iyabekwa, okwenza sikwazi ukunikeza isitho esithintekile ukuphumula okusebenzayo nokuvimbela ubunzima.Zonke izitsha ezithathwa yisiguli kufanele zingaguquguquki zamazambane abunjiwe, mousse, pudding. Konke ukudla kufanele kuntshontshwe, futhi kuvunyelwe ukusetshenziswa kokudla okuphekiwe, okubhakiwe esigabeni sokuxolelwa okuzinzile. Ukushisa kwezitsha akufanele kube ngaphezu kwama-50 degrees. Udinga ukuhlela ukudla okungenani izikhathi ezi-5 ngosuku ngezinxenye ezincane.Kuyadingeka ukukhipha ngokuphelele ekudleni okuthosiwe, okunamafutha, izitsha ezi-spice notshwala, izithelo ne-berry jelly, iziphuzo ezinambitheka omuncu, iklabishi elimhlophe, i-legumes, amantongomane, itiye elinamandla, ikhofi, iziphuzo ezinekhabhoni.Akuvunyelwe ukusebenzisa imikhiqizo ye-choleretic, enjengo-ukhilimu omuncu, ibhotela, kuyadingeka ukwandisa inani lemikhiqizo yamaprotheni. Ngosuku ne-BP, kunconywa ukuthi kudle cishe amaprotheni ayi-120 g bese kunciphisa inani lama-carbohydrate ekudleni.Kokudla okugcwele ama-carbohydrate, ama-Homerade crackers, i-semolina, i-oatmeal, i-buckwheat, ibhali, ilayisi, i-pasta kuvunyelwe. Kuvunyelwe nokudla amazambane, izaqathe, amabhungane, ithanga, squash, squash. Izitsha zemifino kufanele zibheme noma emanzini, ungadla imifino epudishi. Imifino ebilisiwe isetshenziswa kangcono ngendlela ebunjiwe ngokufakwa komhluzi wokusanhlamvu.Izithelo, ukusetshenziswa kwezinhlobo ezingezona acidic zama-apula kunconyiwe: izithelo ezivuthiwe zingabhakwa, zisulwe, i-compote eyenziwe kubo, i-compote yezithelo eyomile nayo ilusizo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukungadli ngokweqile. Ukusebenza kufanele kungabi ngaphezu kwe-250g. Inani likasawoti noshukela kufanele lilinganiselwe.Ukudla kokudla, imenyuUkudla okudla ekudleni kwe-PD kukuvumela ukuthi ungafaki izinkinga ezinokwenzeka futhi uvimbele ukuvela kokubuyela emuva.Ngokuya ngohlelo lokudla oluthuthukisiwe, izitsha zokuqala kufanele kube amasobho enziwe okusanhlamvu (ungasebenzisa ubisi ngesikhathi sokuxolelwa okuzinzile), imifino, izitsha zenyama nenyama enamafutha, nenhlanzi. Kuvunyelwe futhi ukusebenzisa amasobho amnandi aqukethe izithelo njengezifundo zokuqala.Izifundo zesibili - inyama ebilisiwe, izinkukhu, inhlanzi, i-omelet, entshontshiwe evela kwabelungu amaqanda.Imenyu kufanele ifake izitsha zokusanhlamvu (okusanhlamvu), pasta, isinkwa izolo, uwoyela zemifino awusizo. Kuvunyelwe ukusebenzisa imikhiqizo yobisi engavuthiwe enamafutha, ibhotela (isilinganiso sansuku zonke esingadluli ku-0,25 g).Njenge-dessert, ungasebenzisa uju, izinhlobo ezimnandi zamajikijolo nezithelo, izithelo ezomisiwe ngendlela efakwe isikwele, ezingezwe kuma-mousses nezinhlamvu.Ukusetshenziswa kwama-juices asanda kufakwa wezithelo ezimnandi ngaphandle koshukela, ujusi wemifino, ujeli, izithelo ezi-stewed zivunyelwe.Imenyu eyisampula yosuku lwesiguli ene-pancreatitis enesibindi ifaka:Ibhulakufesi. Oatmeal obisini oluhlanjululwe ngamanzi, ucezu lwenyama ebilisiwe, itiye eliluhlaza,Isidlo sasekuseni sesibili. I-Omeled enamafutha, i-apula ebhakiwe, ijeli,Isidlo sasemini Isobho elinemifino, ama-meatball kuzinhlanzi, i-pasta, ijeli eyenziwe ekhaya, umhluzi we-rosehip,Isidlo sasemini Amakhukhi ama-curd nama-bhisikidi,Ukudla kwakusihlwa I-Rice porridge netiye eliluhlaza.Izinkinga zivela ikakhulu ngokunganakwa kwalesi sifo. Izinkinga ezilandelayo nge-BP zitholakala:Ama-cysts oketsheziGxila isigaxa kuzakhi zezicubu zamanyikwe ngokuqukethwe kwe-purulent,I-jaundice eyonakalisayo evela ekhuphukeni kwephesenti le-bilirubin egazini,I-pancreatitis yabazali,Isifo sikashukela mellitus. Lesi sifo sithathwa njengomphumela kanye nophawu lwe-bp,I-pancreossteosis ngokukhuphuka kwevolumu yezicubu ezithintekayo kumanyikwe. I-Pathology ingabamba izingxenye zesitho noma sonke isidlala.Ukuvimbela ukukhula kwe-pancreatitis kungenzeka uma izifo zomgudu wokugaya ukudla, isibindi, ipheshana lokuphefumula kanye ne-gall bladder ziphathwa ngendlela yesikhathi.Kubalulekile ukwenqatshwa kotshwala, ukubhema, ukusetshenziswa kokudla okuyingozi futhi okusindayo. Ukuzivocavoca okunempilo komzimba, imfundo yomzimba kanye nemidlalo.Ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile okwenziwa ngudokotela, ikakhulukazi uma kunezinkinga ngepheshana lesisu, kuzokuvumela ukuthi usithole lesi sifo ekuqaleni kwesigaba bese uhlela ukwelashwa okusiza ukubuyisa umsebenzi wamapancreas ngesikhathi esifushane.Izincomo nesibikezeliLapho uhlela ukwelashwa okuyinkimbinkimbi kwe-BP, kubalulekile ukubuyisela ukusebenza okujwayelekile komthambo nenyama yamanyikwe, kanye nokuqedwa kwe-concomitant pathologies ye-gastrointestinal.Uma isimo sikhuphuka ubukhona be-cirrhosis yesibindi, kunconywa ukuthi uthathe imishanguzo isenzo sayo esihlose ukwenziwa kabusha kwamaseli wesibindi. Ezimweni ezisezingeni eliphakeme, ukwelashwa kungenzeka kungaphumeleli, kuyaqabukela, kepha ukufakelwa kwesibindi kuyenziwa.Uhlobo olungamahlalakhona lwe-pancreatitis yebhiliary ezimeni eziningi luphathwa ngaphansi kwezimo zokuma. Uma ukuvinjwa kwe-bile duct kukhula, ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa kuyasetshenziswa.Iziguli ezine-BP ziyelulekwa ukuthi zisebenzise amaminerali emanzini okushisa egumbini ngaphandle kwegesi, ukwelashwa kwe-sanatorium kuyasiza ngokufakwa kwezokwelapha ukubuyisela ukusebenza kwamanyikwe.I-Psychotherapy iyanconywa, njengoba iziguli ezine-pancreatitis zihlangabezana nama-phobias ahlukahlukene. Ezimweni ezinjalo, izidakamizwa zokulwa nezidakamizwa (antiidepressants) nezidakamizwa ezilwa nokukhathazeka zinqunyelwe (ngesimo esingapheli). Uma isifo sikashukela sivela ngemuva kwesifo, kusetshenziswa imishanguzo yokulungisa ushukela.Uma ulandela ukudla, thatha imishanguzo ebekwe udokotela wakho bese uqala ukwelashwa ngesikhathi esifanele, ngakho-ke i-diagnostic iyathandeka. Okuningi kuya ngesifo esididiyelayo, ngokwesibonelo, nge-cirrhosis, kungenzeka ukuthi i-prognosis ayisihle.Ukwelashwa kwe-pancreatitis ye-biliary kungumcimbi oyinkimbinkimbi. Ngenhloso yokuxilongwa, inani lokubonisana kanye nezifundo zinqunywa ochwepheshe abahlukahlukene.Izifundo ezibizayo zifaka i-MRI ne-CT yesibindi nepheshana elihlanganisiwe - izindleko ezijwayelekile zezinqubo zingama-ruble angama-8000. Ukubonisana nodokotela we-endocrinologist kanye ne-gastroenterologist kungama-ruble angama-3000 (ngokwehlukana), ukuhlolwa kwelabhoratori ndawonye kuzokubiza cishe ama-ruble angama-2500. Ngokuvamile, ukwelashwa ngaphandle kokubheka izindleko zezidakamizwa, ngoba zikhethwe ngawodwana esigulini ngasinye, kuzobiza ama-ruble angaba ngu-15,000.Uhlobo lwe-pancreatitis lwe-biliary yisifo esibi, noma kunjalo, ukulungiswa kokudla nokwelashwa okufanele kuzosiza ukuselapha ngokuphelele bese ubuyela empilweni esebenzayo.Bafundi abathandekayo, umbono wakho ubaluleke kakhulu kithi - ngakho-ke, sizokujabulela ukubuyekeza i-pancreatitis ye-biliary kumazwana, futhi izoba wusizo nakwabanye abasebenzisi besayithi.I-pancreatitis ye-biliary kimi yavela ngenxa yokuhlasela kwe-helminthic. Izimpawu zokudakwa zikhathazekile, ukuqaqamba kwesisu, isicanucanu kanye nokuhlanza kwavela kancane kancane, umbala wezinduku washintsha. Ngemuva kokuhlolwa kwelebhu kanye ne-ultrasound, kwanikezwa ukwelashwa okufanele. Inkambo yokwelapha yayisebenza, yaqala nokuthola isisindo.Wayene-cholecystitis. Kwesinye isikhathi ukwanda kwalesi sifo kuthathe izinyanga eziningi. Sesivele sisetshenziselwa izimpawu, kepha ngemuva kokuhlolwa okulandelayo, udokotela wathi senginenkinga yokuqina kwesibeletho (i-bancary pancreatitis). Le nkinga yimbi impela, ithinta ama-pancreas nesibindi. Kwadingeka ngiphathwe isikhathi eside ngokudla. Imiphumela mihle, noma kunjalo, ukubhekwa njalo kwezokwelapha kuyadingeka.Izincomo ezijwayelekile kanye nokuvinjwa kwezinkingaNjengoba kunjalo ngezifo ezingelapheki, isiguli senqatshelwe ngokuphelele ukuthi siphuze utshwala, ikakhulukazi siqinile (i-vodka, i-cognac, i-alcohol, njll.). Kwenqatshelwe ukudla ukudla okuthosiwe, amafutha ezilwane, imajarini, njll. Ukudla okukhethekile kungabekwa (ithebula No. 5), okubandakanya amaprotheni wokugaya kalula, amaminerali amaningi namavithamini.Ngokukhuculula kwalesi sifo nangemva kokuhlinzwa, udokotela angakunquma ukubulawa yindlala okuphelele izinsuku eziningana.Ukudla okuvunyelwe kwe-pancreatitisKunoma ikuphi, kubalulekile ukulandela izincomo zochwepheshe, hhayi ukunquma ukwelashwa ngokwakho.I-biliary pancreatitis yisifo se-pancreatic esiphikelelayo esihambisana kakhulu nokuvuvukala nezinye izifo zohlelo lwe-hepatobiliary. Emhlabeni jikelele, izigameko zepancreatitis emashumini eminyaka edlule ziye zaphindeka kabili, kanti e-Russia le nkomba phakathi kwabantu abadala iphindeke kathathu, futhi phakathi kwezingane - ezine. Enye yezimo ezivame kakhulu zokuvela kwe-pancreatitis engapheli i-cholelithiasis (isifo se-gallstone) - i-pancreatitis nayo itholakala emacaleni angama-25-90%.Ukwehla kwesifo kuvame ukuhlotshaniswa nokufuduka kwamatshe emgudwini we-biliary. Kulesi simo, isiguli sinconywa ukwelashwa okuhlinzwa. Uma isiguli senqaba ukuhlinzwa, kufanele sixwayiswe ngokuthi nge-colic ephindaphindwayo umthamo wokungenelela ungaba banzi kakhulu. Ukwelashwa ngesikhathi esifanele kwezifo ze-bile duct kuholela ekunciphiseni imvamisa ye-biliary pancreatitis.Eminyakeni engaphezu kwamashumi amathathu edlule, ochwepheshe abahamba phambili ku-gastroenterology baveze ukuthi izifo zepheji le-biliary zibangele i-pancreatitis ezigulini ezingaphezu kwama-60%. I-pilireat pancreatitis ingenzeka kulezi zifo ezilandelayo: i-cholelithiasis, ukukhubazeka engxenyeni ye-bile ne-pancreatic ducts, i-dyskinesia ye-gallbladder, i-biliary dyskinesia, i-cholecystitis engapheli, i-cirrhosis, i-pathology ye-Vater's nipple (ukuvuvukala, ukuvuvukala, ukuqina kwamatshe. Ukwanda ngokweqile kwe-pancreatitis engapheli kungacasulwa ukusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo noma kwemithi enomphumela we-choleretic, ukulahleka kwesisindo okubukhali.Kunezindlela eziningana zokuthuthukisa i-bancary pancreatitis. Esokuqala sitholakala ngokusakazeka kokutheleleka nge-GVP kuya kumanyikwe emikhondweni ye-lymphatic. Elesibili kwenzeka lapho kukhona amatshe ku-bile duct ejwayelekile, okuholela ekuthuthukisweni komfutho wegazi ophakeme emiseleni yamanyikwe, alandelwe yi-edema yamanyikwe.Umshini wesithathu ukuphonswa kwe-bile kuma-ducts we-pancreatic nge-pathology ye-Vater papilla (indawo yokuvulwa kwendawo evamile yesibindi namanyikwe ku-duodenum). Njengomphumela, kulimala imisele ngokwayo nezicubu ze-pancreatic, bese kuvela inqubo yokuvuvukala. Lezi zokugcina zizothuthukiswa izifo ezithinta ukuvuvukala kwesibindi, ngoba nazo i-bile eziphonswe emanyikwe ziqukethe inani elikhulu lama-radicals wamahhala ne-peroxide compounds, ezilimaza kakhulu ama-pancreas.Ukucwaninga emkhakheni we-gastroenterology yesimanje sekuvule enye indlela yenqubo yokuvuvukala ku-pancreatitis ye-biliary - ukwakheka kwe-biliary sludge. Nge-cholecystitis nokuwohloka okwalandela kwe-gallbladder, isimo se-physicochemical of bile siyaphazamiseka, ezinye zezakhi zaso zidala ukwakheka kwamatshe amancanyana - lokhu kungukudumba okuphathelene nomzimba. Lapho uthuthuka eduze kwe-GWP, lokhu kudlala kulimaza ulwelwesi lwama-mucous, okwenza ukuncipha kwemisele kanye ne-Vater papilla. I-Stenosis yalokhu kuholela ekuphulweni kokukhululwa kwe-bile kwi-duodenum 12 nokuphonswa kwayo emiseleni yecanseis, kanye nokuqina kokukhushulwa emithanjeni yamanyikwe.Ngenxa yokuqina, ukusebenza kwe-enzymes ye-pancreatic equkethwe emfihlakalweni kwenzeka hhayi embusweni wamathumbu, kodwa ezinduneni. Isithiyo esivimbayo se-pancreas sonakele, futhi ukutheleleka kungena kalula ezicutshini zesikhumba. Amatshe amakhulu we-gallbladder angadala ukuqhekeka kwe-bile duct evamile noma i-sphincter ye-Oddi, okuzoholela nakwi-bile reflux emigudwini ye-pancreatic.Ukwelashwa kwe-Biliary PancreatitisUkwelapha akubandakanyi kuphela i-gastroenterologist, kodwa futhi ne-endoscopist, udokotela ohlinzayo. Isimo esiyinhloko sokumisa ukuqhubeka kwesifo kanye nokuvikela ukwanda kwekhambi lesifo esingaphansi kwalo. Uma kunesidingo, amatshe ayasuswa noma isimo sezingono zeVater sithuthukisiwe (kungcono ngendlela ye-endoscopic).Ngokukhuphuka kwe-pathology, ukwelashwa kufanele kufake ukususwa kobuhlungu (ama-analgesics kanye nama-antispasmodics), ukulungiswa kwemfihlo yezangaphandle neyangaphakathi yemisebenzi yama-pancreas, ukukhipha izidumbu, ukuvimbela izinkinga ezithathelwanayo (ama-antibiotics). Imvamisa, ezinsukwini ezintathu zokuqala zokuqina, kunconywa ukwelashwa, kufanele uphuze amanzi amaminerali angenawo amakhabhoni. Ngemuva kokuqala kabusha kokudla okunempilo, kufanele ukhawule inani lamanoni ekudleni, thatha ngokuqinile ama-carbohydrate. Ukudla kufanele kuthathwe ngezigaba ezijwayelekile, kuncike ekuchithekeni kokugcina okwenziwe ngomshini nangokushisayo.Ukunciphisa umphumela obhubhisayo wama-enzymes we-pancreatic ocushiwe, i-somatostatin, i-proton pump inhibitors, nama-proteinase inhibitors anqunyelwe. Ama-enzymes ama-Microspherical anqunyelwe ukubuyisa ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-pancreatic enzymatic dysfunction, futhi ama-hypoglycemic agents abekelwa ukujwayeza amazinga kashukela egazini. Ukwelashwa kokuhlinzwa kwenziwa kuphela lapho kukhona i-calculi ne-pathology ye-sphincter ye-Oddi.Ukuqashelwa kwe-pancreatitis enamakhaza ngokwelashwa okufika ngesikhathi kwe-cholecystitis engabalwa kanye ne-cholangitis kuyinto enhle. Ukwenqaba ukuhlinzwa okufika ngesikhathi kungaholela ekuwohlokeni kwenqubo, ngokwanda okwedlule kungadinga ukungenelela okwandisiwe kokuhlinzwa. Uma kwenzeka kungahambisani nezincomo zokudla, ukwenqaba ukwelashwa, ukuphuza utshwala, umphumela awulungile.Ukuvimbela lolu hlobo lwe-pancreatitis engapheli kungukuxilongwa okufika ngesikhathi kanye nokwelashwa kwezifo zohlelo lwe-hepatobiliary, uma kunesidingo, ukususwa kokuhlinzwa kwe-calculi. Lapho kukhona izimpawu ze-pancreatitis ye-biliary yokuvimbela ukuqothuka, kufanele ulandele indlela odla ngayo, ugweme ukusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo nemithi ye-choleretic. Kuyadingeka ukuthi uhlolwe njalo ngudokotela wobuchopho (ngonyaka).
