Electrophoresisisananalyticalmethodfrequentlyusedinmolecularbiologyandmedicine.Itisappliedfortheseparationandcharacterizationofproteins,nucleicacidsandsubcellularsizedparticleslikevirusesandsmallorganelles.ItsprincipleisthatthechargedpaElectrosprayIonizationTheideaofelectrospray,whilenotnew,hasbeenrejuvenatedwithitsrecentapplicationtobiomolecules.ThefirstelectrosprayexperimentswerecarriedoutbyChapmaninthelate1930sandthepracticaldevelopmentofelectrosprayionizationformassspectrometryBrownian Motion - Fractal Notes The University of British ColumbiaBrownianMotionFractalBeforewedwellintothedetailedapplicationsofBrownianmotion,theconcept'fractal'hastobeintroduced,asitplaysamajorpartinmanyimportantapplicationsofourTheconcept'fractal'wasintroducedbyIBMresearcherBenoitB.MandelbrotnearlytwoBrownian Motion - Fractal Notes 3 pagesAtmosphericPressureChemicalIonizationAPCIhasalsobecomeanimportantionizationsourcebecauseitgeneratesionsdirectlyfromsolutionanditiscapableofanalyzingrelativelynonpolarcompounds.Similartoelectrospray,theliquideffluentofAPCIisintroduceddirectlyintotheioniThegradientinFick'sFirstLawHereareourtwomainpointsagain.Ifyouunderstandandmemorizethesetwosentences,youwillhavehalfofdiffusiondowncold:Diffusionisthenetfluxofparticlesdownaconcentrationgradientduetorandommovement,andDiffusivefluxisdirectlyproMass Spectrometry Notes The University of British ColumbiaMassspectrometryhasbeendescribedasthesmallestscaleintheworld,notbecauseofthemassspectrometerssizebutbecauseofthesizeofwhatitweighsmolecules.Overthepastdecade,massspectrometryhasundergonetremendoustechnologicalimprovementsallowingforitsMass Spectrometry Notes 2 pagesStokesEinsteinEquationDynamiclightscattering(photoncorrelationspectroscopy)ThephotoncorrelationspectrometerPhotocorComplexisbasedonthePhotonCorrelationSpectroscopy(PCS)techniqueanddesignedformeasurementsofsubmicronparticlesizes,diffusioncoefficients,vSvedbergEquationTherearemanytypeofpreparativecentrifugationsuchasratezonal,differential,isopycniccentrifugation.Moleculesseparateaccordingtotheirsize,shape,density,viscosity,andcentrifugalforce.Thesimplestcaseisasphericalmolecule.IftheliquidhasthedensSedimentation Velocity Notes The University of British ColumbiaSedimentationVelocitySedimentationvelocity(SVAUC)isananalyticalultracentrifugationmethodthatmeasurestherateatwhichmoleculesmoveinresponsetocentrifugalforcegeneratedinacentrifuge.ThissedimentationrateprovidesinformationaboutboththemolecularmassandtheshSedimentation Velocity Notes 2 pagesMotionInRoboticsInthepaperbyK.ArakawaandE.Krotkov,theyproposedamethodofmodelinganaturalterrainbasedonfractalgeometrywhichcanbeappliedtoproblemssuchasrouteplanningforoutdoorexplorationbyautonomousmobilerobots.ThemethoduseselevationdataofaterrainwhicharCHEM 211 - (180 Documents)
