I-Ultrasonic Bioreactors for Fermentation - Hielscher Ultrasound TechnologyI-Ultrasonics iyindlela ephumelelayo yokugqugquzela ama-microorganisms ngama-vibrations mechanical kanye ne-cavitation.Ku-fermenter ye-sonobioreactor / ultrasonic, ukwelashwa kwe-ultrasonic yamangqamuzana nezicubu kuba yi-controllable kakhulu kusukela izimo zemvelo zingahle zizimisele.With bioreactors ultrasonic, ukukhiqizwa ukukhiqizwa kungenziwa ngcono kakhulu.Ukusebenza kahle kokuvutshelwa kuncike ezimweni zenkambiso: Ama-nutrients, ubukhulu bomphakathi, izinga lokushisa, okuqukethwe kwe-oxygen / gas kanye nokucindezelwa yizinto ezibalulekile ezithonya umsebenzi we-microbial. Ama-microorganisms kanye namaseli omamamalia akhula kuphela ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile. Izimo ezifanele zihlangene nokuvuselela kwe-ultrasonic kungenza ngcono isivuno sokuvutshelwa.Ukukhuthazwa kwe-Ultrasonic yezinyunyanaUkuvuthwa kuyindlela yokwenza umzimba eguqula ushukela kuma-acids, gesi, noma utshwala. Kwenzeka emvubelo namabhaktheriya, futhi nakwamaseli e-muscle alambile, njengasendleleni yokuvutshelwa kwe-lactic acid. Ukuvuthwa kusetshenziselwa kabanzi ngokubanzi ukubhekisela ekukhuleni okunamandla kwamagciwane ezincane ezikhulayo, ngokuvamile ngenhloso yokukhiqiza umkhiqizo othile wamakhemikhali.Inqubo yokuvuthwa yenziwa ngezinga lezimboni ngokusebenzisa ama-microorganisms njengama-bacteria ne-fungus for the fermentation. Imikhiqizo etholakalayo isetshenziselwa ukudla kanye nomkhakha jikelele. Amakhemikhali, njenge-acetic acid, i-citric acid, ne-ethanol akhiqizwa ngokuvutshelwa. Izinga lokuvutshelwa lithonywa ukuhlushwa kwamagciwane ezincane, amaseli, izingxenye zamaselula, kanye nama-enzyme kanye nokushisa, kanye ne-pH. Ukuvutshelwa kwe-aerobic, i-oxygen iyisici esibalulekile futhi. Cishe zonke izinhlobo ze-enzyme ezikhiqizwa kwezohwebo, njenge-lipase, i-invertase kanye ne-rennet, zenziwe ngokuvutshelwa nge-microbes eziguquguqukayo.Ngokuvamile, ukuvutshelwa kungahlukaniswa zibe izinhlobo ezine:Ukukhiqizwa kwe-biomass (okubonakalayo okusebenzayo kweselula)Ukukhiqizwa kwemetabolite ye-extracellular (amakhemikhali amakhemikhali)Ukukhiqizwa kwezingxenye ze-intracellular (ama-enzyme namanye amaprotheni)Ukuguqulwa kwe-substrate (lapho i-substrate eguqulwe yikhona umkhiqizo)Sonication Ngaphambi, Ngesikhathi nangemva FermentationUltrasonic Pre-treatment – Ukuthuthukiswa kokutholakala kwe-BiomassI-ultrasonic yokuthambisa i-rice hull ukuthuthukisa i-hydrozysis enzymatic ye-xylooligosaccharides (XOs) ukukhiqizwa ngu-Aspergillus japonicus (var. Japonicus CY6-1). Ngo-sonication, ukukhiqizwa kwama-enzyme e-celylolytic ne-xylanolytic avela ekhanda likalayisi kwakhuliswa kakhulu. Isivuno se-hemicellulose sanyuka sibe yi-1.4-fold ngaphansi kwe-sonication kanye nesikhathi sokukhiqiza sancishiswa kakhulu kusuka 24 h kuya ku-1.5 h ngo-80ºC – kanye nokunye okusemandleni okusebenza kwenqubo. I-biomass ene-sonicated kulula ukuguqula i-fungi ukuze kuqinisekiswe umsebenzi we-enzyme futhi umsebenzi we-CMCase, b-glucosidase, ne-xylanase ukwandiswa uma uqhathaniswa nehotela elingenalo i-rice. Imikhiqizo yokugcina fermentative yayiyi-xylotetraose, i-xylohexaose, nesisindo esiphezulu se-molecular mass xylooligosaccharides. Isivuno se-xylohexaose esivela ku-helmese irayisi yayineminyaka engu-80 ephezulu.Ultrasonic Fermentation – Ukukhuthazwa Kwezinto EzincaneSonication ngokulawula kahle futhi ephindaphindiwe kusiza ekuthuthukiseni ukukhiqizwa kwezinqubo ezahlukene zokuvutshelwa ngaphandle kokulimaza amaseli. Ukuqina kwe-sonication kungashintshwa ngqo ezinhlobonhlobo zezilwane nezidingo zayo. Nge-sonication elawulwayo, ukukhula kwamaseli kanye nokusetshenziselwa umzimba kunomthelela omuhle futhi ukuguqulwa okubanjwe ngamaseli abukhoma kuthuthukiswa kakhulu, isib. Ukugqugquzela i-Bifidobacteria ebisi.Eminye izinqubo zokuvutshelwa kwe-fungal, i-sonication isetshenziswa ngokuphumelelayo ukuguqula ukukhula kwe-morphology kanye ne-broth rheology ngaphandle kokuphazamisa izinga lokukhula kanye nokukhiqizwa kwefungi le-filamentous.I-Ultrasonic Post-treatment – UkukhiphaUkukhiqizwa kwezingxenye ze-intracellular ezifana ne-microbial enzymes (isib. Catalase, amylase, protease, pectinase, glucose isomerase, cellulase, hemicellulase, lipase, lactase, streptokinase) namaphrotheni aphindaphindiwe isici, i-streptokinase), amaseli kufanele ahlaziye / aphazamiseke ngemva kwenqubo yokuvuthwa ukukhulula amaprotheni ayifunayo. Nge-sonication, ukukhishwa kwe-intracellular kanye ne-extracellular polysaccharide-protein complexes ezivela ku-viscous mycelial fermentation mhluzi. Ngaphandle kokukhiqizwa kwayo okuvelele kanye nokusebenza kahle, i-sonication isungulwe futhi inokwethenjelwa kwe-cell lysis kanye nokukhishwa kwendaba ye-intracellular.Chofoza lapha ukuze ufunde mor mayelana lysis ultrasonic kanye isizinda!Ultrasonic BioreactorsHielscher Ultrasonics yisikhathi eside ehlangene nezinqubo ultrasonically ezikhuthaziwe. Sinikeza izigameko eziningi ze-ultrasonic ezihlukahlukene nobukhulu be-geometri. Ngaphandle kwalokho, sinikeza izixazululo ezenziwe ngokwezifiso zokuhlanganiswa ku-bioreactor yakho ekhona. Njengoba amaprosesa ethu e-ultrasonic ahlukahlukene kakhulu futhi adinga isikhala esilinganiselwe kuphela, ukuphindaphinda kwezitshalo ezikhona ze-biotechnological kungenziwa ngaphandle kwezinkinga.Ithebula elingezansi, libonisa izincomo zedivayisi jikelele ngokuya kwevolumu ye-batch noma izinga lokugeleza okufanele lisetshenziswe. Chofoza kuhlobo lwedivayisi ukuthola ulwazi oluthe xaxa kudivayisi ngayinye.0.1 kuya ku-20L 0.2 kuya ku-4L / min I-UIP1000hdT, I-UIP2000hdTSonication of biomassI-Ultrasonicator UIP1000hd yesikhumbaN. Sainz Herrán, JL Casas López, JA Sánchez Pérez, Y. Chisti (2010): Umthelela we-ultrasound amplitude kanye nomjikelezo womsebenzi kwi-fungal morphology kanye nomhluzi we-mellow of Aspergillus terreus. I-World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2010, 26: 1409-1418.N. Sainz Herrán, JL Casas López, JA Sánchez Pérez, Y. Chisti (2008): Imiphumela ye-ultrasound kumasiko we-Aspergillus terreus. J Chem Technol Biotechnol 2008, 83: 593-600./li>CF Liu, WB Zhou (2010): Ukukhuthaza ukuvuthwa kwe-Bio-yogurt yi-High Intensity Ultrasound Processing.
