Sekuyisikhathi eside eziphilayo Amagcikwane yingcweti zonke olwenzeka endaweni eyaziwa. Ziyakwazi emoyeni, emanzini futhi bahlala ezinye izinto eziphilayo. Kodwa iningi labo ezingqimbeni ongenhla inhlabathi. Inani la magciwane akuxhomekile nje kuphela esimweni izici kwesakhiwo. Kuyinto ngiyabonga andisa ikhono elikhulu nokuzala. Ngayiphi indlela ukuba amagciwane ande, kuyothiwa kafushane echazwe esihlokweni.Bobani amagciwane?La magciwane kukhona unicellular, eziphilayo akuvamile wamakoloni. Basuke ahlelwe kunalokho lasekuqaleni. Surface iyunithi emelelwa ulwelwesi lwamafinyila kanye capsule, kanye cytoplasm akububonisi mitochondria futhi plastids. amaseli amaningi abe msila, lapho amagciwane Ungahambisa.nesidoda okunikelweAmagciwane angabasizi prokaryotes. Lokhu kusho ukuthi amaseli wabo bantule nuclei. Kodwa izinhlayiya eziyisisekelo zofuzo kuzo isekhona. Cluster kukhona molecule e-DNA engxenyeni ethile ye cytoplasm futhi nucleoid ngokuthi. Ngamanye amazwi singasho ukuthi prokaryotes abanalo core ulwelwesi. Ngakho-ke, izinqubo eziyinkimbinkimbi kwamakhemikhali, abakwazi ukwenza. Nokho, lokhu akuthinti amandla ukusebenza kwawo ukuze likhiqize.Ngayiphi indlela amagciwane ande?Ama-bacterium nokuzala cell division. Lena yindlela esemqoka futhi esheshayo. Besuka komunye yehora amaseli komama babe nomntwana ezimbili. Futhi esikhathini esifanayo kwamaseli ezimbili ezintsha indodakazi akhiwa futhi. Lokhu kuwachaza kahle inani elikhulu amagciwane ngokwemvelo.Ngaphansi kwezimo ezingezinhle, ama-bacterium ungakheka ezinhlamvu - amaseli ukuveza asexual. Ngezikhathi ezithile amaseli webhaktheriya iveze imiqumbe - yakha ziboya ezincane ezikhula, ziyakhula zibe abantu abadala, futhi ukuzehlukanisa kusukela umzali.Ngayiphi indlela le amagciwane ande, kungenzeka ukuba sicabangele isibonelo conjugation. Kuyinto uhlobo ukuzala. kuba exchange kolwazi zofuzo phakathi amaseli. Ngaphambi kokuqala Ukubuyelela kabili isiyingi DNA. kwakhiwa Eminye ibhuloho cytoplasmic is phakathi amaseli, ngawo Imininingwane lezinceku idluliswa kwesinye isitokisi bazifake kwesinye. Kukhona ukushintshana izigaba ze-DNA. Ngenxa yalokho, umzimba uthola nezici ezintsha, ngokuvamile ewusizo ngaye. Ngokwesibonelo, ama-bacterium emqaleni izici ezingezinhle kwemvelo, amagciwane, noma imithi elwa namagciwane.amagciwane lezimpande eziguqula ukuphila futhi ezala phezu izimpande okusanhlamvu nokusanhlamvu. Ifinyelela inhliziyo ngokusebenzisa irherho impande noma ezindaweni ezithintekile empandeni izinwele, bona sandise futhi ifomu ziboya - ngamaqhubu. Ngaphakathi wadala indawo evumayo umzimba. Impande ithumela amagciwane izinto eziphilayo kanye amagciwane - nitrogen, okuyinto kudingeka kangaka ukukhula nokuthuthuka zezitshalo.Lesi sigaba aba amangqamuzana ezimbiliNgayiphi indlela le amagciwane ande, kuncike zinhlobo futhi kule ndawo. Kodwa kabili ungaba zonke eziphilayo virus. Le nqubo ithatha indawo ngezigaba eziningana futhi ubizwa ngokuthi ukuqoqwa kanambambili.Ngaphambi kokuqala sokuhlukanisa annular DNA ngokuphindwe kabili. Ngamanye amazwi, ukufanisana kwenzeka. lihlukana Nucleotide ilandelaniswa, iDNA indodakazi ngaphandle. Khulisa phakathi cytoplasm, ulwelwesi cell itholakala phakathi molecule e-DNA. Okungukuthi ihlukanisa iseli nokuqukethwe ngesigamu.Osukwini kwesinye sezitokisi 72, ukukhanya livela isizukulwane virus. Uma wonke amagciwane iphila, biomass yabo kungaba mayelana 5 m. Emvelweni, yebo, lokhu akwenzeki, futhi iningi amagciwane ayafa.Isakhiwo futhi ichaza indlela lapho amagciwane ande.zinhlobo Colonial futhi cyanobacteria (oluluhlaza ulwelwe) ziyakwazi ukukhiqiza kabusha vegetative. Ngale ndlela, iningi izitshalo zikwazi ukwanda. He is ukuba ahlukane wonke umzimba yezingxenye zayo multi-amaselula.Filamentous zinhlobo cyanobacteria yakha namangqamuzana akhethekile okuthiwa geterotsisty. esiphelweni vegetative kuyinto ukuphula kwayo, umda esiqhutshwa indawo izindawo heterocysts.Globular amagciwane cocci kungenzeka wajoyina ngamaketanga, amaqoqo noma nezinye izinhlangano. Ukuba Wedwa komunye nomunye, futhi uphindaphinde.Ama-bacterium ukukhiqiza kabusha by ezinhlamvu, okuyinto akhiwa phakathi kwezimo ezingezinhle. Spore ukwakheka - akuyona nje indlela zokukhiqiza. Ngaphakathi mpikiswano ulungisa isimo ekhethekile, encishisiwe okuqukethwe amanzi, izinqubo zokuphila kuyakhishwa. Kuleli zinga izingxabano ukwesaba futhi amazinga okushisa aphakeme noma ngemisebe ionizing, noma nokuchayeka kumakhemikhali. Lapho izimo ezikahle kwenzeke futhi, aphume impikiswano abasha eziphilayo virus. Ngakho, ukwakheka spore kuyinto inketho silondoloze ukubaluleka amaseli ezimweni ungahlalwa muntu. Kukhona amacala lapho ezinhlamvu webhaktheriya ahlale amashumi iphila ngisho namakhulu eminyaka.Enye indlela ukuvikela izimo ezingezinhle futhi indlela imifanekiso kumiswa izinhlumba. Ziyakwazi vesicles nge amagobolondo awugqinsi. Ngo isimo izinhlumba amagciwane kungaba isikhathi eside. Ngakho kungukuthi libhujiswa izinga degrees 200. Njengoba sekunama-izimo ezivamile igciwane ephuma igobolondo futhi iqala evamile ukuqoqwa kanambambili.Ngayiphi indlela ukuba amagciwane ande, kodwa kunalokho ukuxazulula izimo zemvelo. Lapho izakhi akwanele futhi umswakama, kukhona umoya-mpilo okuqukethwe ngokweqile, emoyeni kuphakeme noma ongaphakeme lokushisa izinqubo esetshenziswa encystment igciwane noma spore. Endaweni ukhululekile, bahlukene futhi okusakazwa vegetatively. Kuyinto ezihlukahlukene ezifana izindlela zokukhiqiza kabusha, okuyinto bayakwazi amagciwane kubangela izinombolo endle. Uma inqubo yokuhlukanisa olulodwa iseli amagciwane akuyona wayeka izinsuku 10, bahlanganise sonke komhlaba.Minerals Sakhalin: uwoyela, igesi kanye izinsimbi non-ayoni futhi ezingavamile. Sakhalin impumuzoIzimfihlo zendalo: namahloni futhi emnene ngayo. Ingabe kuhle noma kubi?Kungani eminweni amanzi wakhwinyisa: ukusabela komzimba ukuze umswakamaWaves: izinhlobo amagagasi futhi igagasi definition. Izinhlobo amagagasi kagesi kanye acousticPension "Azov" eCrimea: izibuyekezo, izithombeNgubani Dzheyms Potter. Umlando uhlamvuAbalingisi 'iNkosi Izindandatho: I Towers Amabili ": incazelo izindima engconoImijovo yokugoma ngokumelene rubella: inzuzo noma ilimazePhila ngaphandle kobuhlunguLapho bafundzi bacala gulit? Sifunda!Ukudluliswa izikweletu kanye nezici zayo
