Kungani ukukhuluphala nesifo sikashukela > Ukulawulwa kwesifo sikashukelaUkukhuluphala nesifo sikashukela kubonakala cishe njalo, ngoba i-insulin inegalelo ekuqongeleleni kwamafutha. Amaphawundi angeziwe ikakhulukazi aqongelela esiswini, azungeze izitho zomzimba. Ngasikhathi sinye, izidlo azinikezi imiphumela oyifunayo. Ngasikhathi sinye, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi isisindo ngokweqile sodwa singaba yingxenye ekwakhiweni kwesifo. Mayelana nokukhuluphala kanye nesifo sikashukela i-mellitus, ubudlelwano babo, izinketho zokubhekana namaphawundi angeziwe, funda ngokuqhubekayo kusihloko sethu.Isixhumanisi phakathi kwesifo sikashukela nokukhuluphalaNgokwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, iningi leziguli likhuluphele. Lezi zinkinga zombili zihlobene kakhulu. Zinezindlela ezijwayelekile zokuthuthuka:ukudla ngokweqileukweqisa kwama-carbohydrate alula (imikhiqizo emnandi nefulawa) namafutha ezilwane, ukuntuleka kwefiber yokudla namavithamini,isisindo sokuzala esiphansiUkushintsha kokudla - ukuhlaselwa yindlala, ukungemthetho ekudleni, ukuntula.Ukukhuluphala kwesifo sikashukela kunezimpawu zayo:amanoni afakwa ikakhulu esiswini nasezungwini zangaphakathi (uhlobo lwe-visceral),Ukudla okunama-kilojoule amancane akusebenzi, emva kwalokho kuba nokuhlelwa kabusha kwesisindo somzimba esithe xaxa,ngaphezu kwamazinga aphezulu kashukela, kukhona ukwanda kwezinga le-insulin ne-adrenal cortisol egazini,ukuvezwa kwamafutha hhayi ngaphansi kwesikhumba kuphela, kepha futhi nesibindi, ama-pancreas, okuqinisa ukwanda kwe-metabolism ye-carbohydrate kanye ne-lipids, kwandisa ukumelana ne-insulin (ukumelana ne-insulin).Futhi nakhu okwengeziwe nge-hypoglycemia kushukela.Kungani izingozi ezikhuluphele zanda?Ikhilogremu ngayinye eyengeziwe yesisindo ikhulisa ubungozi besifo sikashukela ngama-5%, kanti ngokweqile ngamakhilogremu ayi-10 ikhuphuka amahlandla ama-3. Inkomba ejwayelekile yesisindo somzimba (isisindo esihlukaniswe yisikwele sokuphakama ngamamitha) ngu-20-25. Inani elingu-25-27, amathuba okukhula kashukela wegazi likhulu ngokuphindwe ka-5, kanti kuma-35 lifinyelela izikhathi ezingama-90. Okusho ukuthi, phakathi kweziguli ezinokukhuluphala kanye namacala esifo sikashukela, izihlobo eziseduzane azinakho ukuphazamiseka kwe-metabolic ezimweni zodwa.Isisindo esengeziwe asigcini nje ngokwandisa amathuba esifo, kodwa futhi nezinkinga zesifo sikashukela, sinomthelela ekwandeni komfutho wegazi, ukuqhubekela phambili kwe-atherosclerosis.Konke lokhu kuchaza ukubukeka kwangaphambilini:ukuhluleka kwe-renal nephropathy,retinopathy ngokulahleka kombono,Isifo sikashukela sonyawo lwesifo sikashukela ngokusongela ukunqunywa,ama-angiopathies anezimo ezi-acute (isifo sohlangothi, ukushaya kwenhliziyo) noma ukuphazamiseka okungamahlalakhona kokujikeleza kwembungu kanye ne-coronary.Kungani kunzima kangaka ukunciphisa ishukelaAma-kilojoule amaningi ekudleni kuholela kwisitoreji sawo ngamafutha. Amaseli we-izicubu ze-Adipose (adipocytes) akhuphuka ngosayizi futhi ahlukane ngokushesha ukudala indawo yokugcina okunjalo. Amaseli amakhulu asabela kabi kwi-insulin, andisa ukwakheka kwezinto ezibangela ukuvuvukala. Futhi, lezi zingxubevange zithuthukisa ukuqina kwama-insulin receptors futhi zivimbele isenzo se-hormone kuwo wonke amanye izicubu.Ama-acid amaningi ngokweqile akhiwa ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa kwamafutha abhubhisa amaseli we-pancreatic futhi ashukumise ukwakheka kwamangqamuzana amasha eglucose esibindini. Izicubu ze-hepatitis ezinokukhuluphala azikwazi ukubopha i-insulin kahle, ihlala izungeza egazini eliningi. Ukweqisa kwayo kukhulisa ukumelana ne-insulin (ukunganakwa kwezicubu) nangaphezulu.I-Adipose izicubu ngokwayo iyakwazi ukwakha ama-hormone. Okokuqala, yi-leptin. Kuvimbela:ukunqwabelana kwamafuthaizindlala zendlalai-cortisol eyeqile egazini,impendulo yeseli ephansi ku-insulin.Bukela ividiyo ngezicubu ze-adipose nezimbangela zokukhuluphala:Ngokukhuluphala kanye nesifo sikashukela, ukumelana nesenzo saso kwenzeka. Ngenxa yalokhu, amafutha afakwa ezicutshini zemisipha, inhliziyo, amanyikwe kanye nesibindi. Umphumela wokuvimbela ukwehla kwesisindo nawo utholakala:i-tumor necrosis factor (kuvimbela ukusabela kwe-adipocytes ku-insulin ne-leptin),i-interleukin-6 (ekhiqizwe ngamaseli wamafutha wezitho zangaphakathi),i-adiponectin ephansi, ukwehla kwayo kwandulelwa yisifo sikashukela,I-resistin - kuvimbela isenzo se-insulin, ukumuncwa kwe-glucose ngezicubu.Ngaphandle kokunciphisa isisindo somzimba, ukwelashwa kwe-hypoglycemic akusebenzi; izinkinga zesifo ziyavela nentuthuko emzimbeni.Okuzobanika ukunciphisa umzimbaUma wehlisa isisindo somzimba ngo-7% kuphela, ungalindela:kwehlisa umfutho wegazi, isidingo sezidakamizwa zokuyenza ijwayelekile,ukwehla kokuzila ushukela wegazi futhi ngemuva kokudla,ukusondela kokujwayelekile kwezinkomba ze-hemoglobin glycated,ngcono imetabolism yamafutha, ukwehlisa i-cholesterol kanye nengozi yokwakheka kwama-plaque emithanjeni yegazi,khulisa isikhathi sokuphilaukuvimbela izinqubo zesimila emzimbeni, ukuguga kokuqala.Ngisho nokulahleka kwama-5 kg ​​ngonyaka kunciphisa ubungozi be-prediabetes eba ushukela ngo-60%.Izici zokulungiswa kokukhuluphala kohlobo 1 sikashukelaI-insulin ikhuthaza ukukhuluphala. Isenzo saso esikhulu sihlose ukugcina amafutha, ukunqwabelana kwe-glycogen esibindini. Ezigulini ekwelashweni kwe-insulin, isisindo somzimba siyakhula ngokwemvelo. Ukwehla kokuhlushwa ushukela egazini, ukulahleka kwawo kumchamo kuyancipha, ngoba ushukela udonswa izinso kuphela ngemuva kokwehlula umkhawulo wezinso. Njengomphumela, wonke amakhalori adliwe ayagcinwa.Enye yezinto eziyingozi yokwandisa isisindo somzimba ukwehla kweshukela - ukuhlaselwa kwe-hypoglycemia. Izimo ezinjalo zidinga ukudla okuphuthumayo kwama-carbohydrate (ushukela, uju), aphezulu kakhulu kilojoule futhi andisa iphango. Eziqeshini ezivame ukwenzeka, iziguli zingadlula kakhulu inani lamandla lokudla. Noma kunjalo, ukukhuluphala kwangempela okunesifo sohlobo 1 akuvamile kakhulu.Ukwakheka kwezinyosiUkuze unciphise isisindo somzimba, iziguli kudingeka zinciphise inani lama-carbohydrate ekudleni kwazo - ukunciphisa inani losuku lezingxenye zezinkwa. Ngokuvumelana nalokho, umthamo obaliwe we-hormone elungiselelwe uzoba ophansi, amanoni ngeke aqongelele emzimbeni. Imithi eyengeziwe ezimweni eziningi ayidingeki.Thayipha ukwelashwa kwesifo sikashukela esingu-2Izindlela zokunciphisa isisindo ziyindabuko, kepha kunesici esisodwa esibalulekile. Esikhathini sikashukela, inhlanganisela yendlela yokuphila eguqukayo nezidakamizwa iyadingeka, ngoba yona uqobo ayisebenzi.Ukubalwa kokudingekayo kwekhalori okudingekayo kususelwa kwesisindo, ukuphakama kanye nezinga lomsebenzi. Ngokwesilinganiso, owesilisa omdala uvame ukudinga cishe ama-2 500 kcal wendlela yokuphila yasemadolobheni ejwayelekile, nakowesifazane angu-2 000 kcal. Ukuze wehlise isisindo somzimba, kusuka enkombeni yomuntu ngamunye ebaliwe udinga ukukhipha kusuka ku-500 kuye ku-750 kcal, ngokuya ngesisindo esengeziwe.Imithetho eyisisekelo yokwakha ukudla ifaka:ukwanda kwemifino engagugi kwimenyu yi-zucchini, ukholifulawa kanye neklabishi elimhlophe, ukhukhamba, i-broccoli, amakhambi, isitshalo seqanda, utamatisi, i-pepper bell. Uma kungenzeka, kufanele kube okusha ngohlobo lwesaladi, kufanele kudliwe okungenani izikhathi ezi-2 ngosuku,inhlanzi ebilisiwe, inkukhu nenkukhu eyindilinga, ikotishi ushizi wokuqukethwe okunamafutha ayi-2-5%, iziphuzo ezenzelwe ubisi omuncu (ingilazi ngosuku) ngaphandle kwezithasiselo ezingafika ku-2%, ukudla kwasolwandle, okumhlophe okweqanda, kufanelekile ukukhiqizwa kwamaprotheniiphalishi liyamukeleka kanye ngosuku, libilisiwe emanzini. Ukudla kwe-carbohydrate kufanele kube nenkomba ephansi ye-glycemic, hhayi ukuvusa ukuvela okubukhali kushukela,kufanele ushiye inyama enamafutha, wonke amaswidi, kufaka phakathi isifo sikashukela, imikhiqizo kafulawa, amazambane, ubhanana, amagilebhisi, amasiphu athengiwe, amasoso, izimpahla zekotini, umhluzi, ukudla okudla okulula, utshwala,khawulela imenyu usawoti (3-5 g), ibhotela (kuze kufike ku-10 g), imifino (kuze kufike ku-15 g), izithelo ezomisiwe (izingcezu ezi-1-2), amantongomane nembewu (kuze kufike ku-20 g), isinkwa (kufika ku-100-150 d)esikhundleni sikashukela, sebenzisa i-stevia, isiraphu ye-artichoke yaseJerusalema.Umphumela wokudla okhethwe kahle ukwehla kwesisindo somzimba ngo-500-800 g ngesonto. Ijubane elisheshayo liholela ezinguquko kushukela wegazi, ubuthakathaka obukhuphukayo, kanye nokuphazamiseka kokugaya ukudla.Uma kungenzeki ukulahlekelwa ngu-0,5 kg, khona-ke izinsuku zokuzila ziyanconywa kanye ngesonto. Basiza ukusheshisa i-metabolism futhi benyusa ukuzwela kwezicubu kwe-insulin yabo. Ngokusetshenziswa kwazo, ushizi we-cottage shizi, i-kefir, inhlanzi, imifino ngendlela yesaladi noma isobho ngaphandle kwamazambane nezinhlamvu.Enye yezimfuneko zokuqala zokuncipha kwesisindo ukwanda kwezinga eliphelele lomsebenzi wezimoto. Sekufakazelwe ukuthi imikhawulo yokudla isebenza kangcono kwabesilisa, futhi nokunyuka kwemali esetshenzisiwe ngenxa yokuzivocavoca kungcono kubantu besifazane.Uma kunomgomo wokunciphisa isisindo, khona-ke izivivinyo zokuzivocavoca zokwelapha, ukuhamba, ukubhukuda, ukudansa kufanele kuthathe okungenani imizuzu engama-300 ngesonto. Ukwanda kokuqeqeshwa kokuqala kunqunywa amandla ngokomzimba wesiguli, khona-ke kunconywa ukwanda okujwayelekile nokubushelelezi. Ngasikhathi sinye, kubalulekile ukunciphisa isikhathi esichithwa esimweni sokuhlala esimile.Yize yonke imithetho yokwakha amamenyu nezinzuzo zemfundo yasemzimbeni zaziwa yizo zonke iziguli, ngokuzilolonga zize zifike ku-7% kuzo. Ngakho-ke, odokotela be-endocrinologists bavame ukunquma imishanguzo enciphisa isisindo somzimba - i-Xenical, Reduxin, Saxenda. Zonke izidakamizwa ezinciphisa ushukela ngokwomphumela wazo isisindo somzimba zihlukaniswe ngamaqembu:I-Neutral - I-Starlix, iNovonorm, iGalvus,ukunciphisa kancane - iMetformin, iSiofor, iGlucobay,ukusiza ukunciphisa umzimba - iViktoza, i-Attokana, iJardins,ukukhulisa isisindo - Insulin, uPioglar, Avandia, Minidiab.Lapho udweba uhlelo lokwelashwa, kuyabhekwa ukuthi isisindo somzimba siyakhuphuka nokusetshenziswa kwemithi ene-antidepressant, imiphumela yokubulala izinhlungu, imithi yokuvimbela inzalo, nemithi ethile ye-antiallergic.Ukuhlinzwa kwe-MetabolicNge-index ephezulu kakhulu yomzimba (kusuka ku-35), kanye nokungasebenzi kahle kokulashwa kokudla, ukusebenza komzimba, umbuzo wokuqhuba imisebenzi ucatshangelwa. Zenzelwe ukwehlisa usayizi wesisu. Ukwehla okukhulu kwezinkinga ze-metabolic kwaphawulwa ku-65% weziguli ezisebenzayo, ngenkathi ezinye ziphumelela ukunciphisa imithamo yezidakamizwa ekwelapheni isifo sikashukela.Ukuthi wenzeni ngokukhuluphala kwesibindi kanye noshukelaIsimo sesibindi asibalulekanga kangako kuma-carbohydrate metabolism kunomsebenzi we-pancreatic. Njengoba ukhuluphele ngokweqile, amangqamuzana ayo akhiqiza ngokunamandla imolekyulu entsha yeglucose, ekhulisa inkambo yesifo sikashukela. Ukwakheka kwezindawo ezigcina glycogen kuyancipha, inani lama-lipoprotein aphansi kakhulu ahlanganyela ekuvinjweni kwemithambo yegazi liyanda.Ukuvimbela ukonakala kwamafutha kwesibindi, kuyanconywa:ukungafakwa kwama-carbohydrate alula nokudla okunenkomba ephezulu ye-glycemic (amakhekhe, izithelo ezimnandi, ushukela, okusanhlamvu okuhlanganisiwe, amazambane),ukwakha imenyu ngokususelwa kwimifino nenhlanzi, imikhiqizo yobisi embalwa neyenyama yokuqukethwe kwamafutha aphansi kuyamukeleka,ukuzivocavoca umzimba okungenani imizuzu engama-40 nsuku zonke.Ukusetshenziswa kwemithi kufaka phakathi amaqembu alandelayo:hepatoprotectors (Essentiale, Gepabene),i-typizing microflora yamathumbu (Lactovit, Linex),izindlela zokunciphisa umzimba (i-Reduxin-met, Victoza),i-alpha lipoic acid (i-Berlition, i-Thiogamma),ursodeoxycholic acid (Greenterol, Ursofalk).Futhi nakhu okunye ngezinhlobo zesifo sikashukela.Ukukhuluphala kanye nesifo sikashukela kunezimbangela ezivamile. Ukuphazamiseka emgudwini wama-carbohydrate namafutha aphelele futhi kuqinisana. Ukwehla kwesisindo kusiza ukubuyisela ukuzwela kwezicubu ku-insulin futhi kuvikele nezinkinga zesifo sikashukela. Ngohlobo lokuqala lwesifo, udinga ukunciphisa inani lama-carbohydrate ekudleni.Indlela ehlanganisiwe yokwelashwa ngohlobo 2 iqukethe ukudla, imisebenzi yomzimba, imithi. Uma kungasebenzi, ukuhlinzwa kunciphisa umthamo wesisu kunconyiwe.I-Hypoglycemia yenzeka kwisifo sikashukela okungenani okungenani ku-40% yeziguli. Kubalulekile ukwazi izimpawu nezimbangela zayo ukuze uqale ukwelashwa ngendlela efanele futhi wenze i-prophylaxis ngohlobo 1 no-2. Ubusuku buyingozi ikakhulu.Ukulimala kwesibindi, noma i-hepatosis, kwisifo sikashukela kungavela ngaphandle kwezimpawu. Ekuqaleni, ukulahleka kwamafutha kungasiza ekudleni, ngemuva kwezidakamizwa kuphela. Ungayibona kanjani i-hepatosis kushukela ngesikhathi esifanele?Ukudla ngesifo sikashukela akunconywa kanjalo nje, noma ngabe zikhona zonke izinzuzo. Njengoba inama-carbohydrate amaningi akhanyisela amazinga kashukela, ikakhulukazi ngesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, kuzoba nokulimala okwengeziwe. Yikuphi okubhekwa njengokuhamba phambili - isifuba, ku-acacia, lime? Kungani udla nogalikhi?Ukuqonda ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zesifo sikashukela ezikhona, ukunquma umehluko wazo kungaba ngokuya ngalokho umuntu akuthathayo - uthembele kwe-insulin noma ezibhebheni. Yiluphi uhlobo oluyingozi kakhulu?Kukhona ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-erectile kwisifo sikashukela cishe njalo komzuzwana, futhi hhayi emva kweminyaka engama-40, kodwa sekuvele ku-25 ungahlangabezana nakho. Ungayelapha kanjani ukungabi namandla kushukela?Ukwehla kwesisindo okungachaziweUkwehla kwesisindo okungachazwanga igama elisetshenziselwa ukuchaza ukunciphisa umzimba okwenzeka ngokungazi futhi kungaba wuphawu olubi lwesifo sikashukela. Isisindo sakho sinqunywa yizici eziningi, kufaka phakathi iminyaka yobudala, ukuthathwa kwekhalori nempilo ephelele. Lapho usufika eminyakeni ephakathi nendawo, isisindo sakho kufanele sihlale sizinzile unyaka nonyaka.Ukulahlekelwa noma ukuthola amakhilogremu ambalwa kuyinto evamile yomzimba onempilo. Uma ukhuluphele noma ukhuluphele, usengozini enkulu yokuba nesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2. Kunezindlela eziningana zokunciphisa umzimba. Kubandakanya izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokudla, ukuzivocavoca, imikhiqizo yokugeza encibilikayo, imikhiqizo yokunciphisa umzimba, kanye nama-gels, okhilimu namafutha esikhumba. Kepha ukwehla kwesisindo okungabonakali ngokungenakuqhathaniswa (4,5 kg noma ngaphezulu, noma ngaphezulu kwamaphesenti ama-5 esisindo somzimba) noma njalo kungakhombisa isifo esibucayi kakhulu. Ukwehla kwesisindo okungashintshi kusho ukunciphisa umzimba okwenzeka, hhayi ngokudla noma ukuzivocavoca.Yiziphi izimbangela zokuncipha kwesisindo?Ukwehla kwesisindo okungazi noma kungachazwanga kungabangelwa izimbangela eziningi, kufaka phakathi ukudangala, eminye imishanguzo kanye nesifo sikashukela. Izimbangela zokuncipha kwesisindo ezingachaziwe zibandakanya:• Isifo se-Addison• umdlavuza• Isifo se-Celiac• Isifo sohudo esingamahlalakhona• Ukudana• isifo sikashukela• Imiphumela Yokungadli (Anorexia neBulimia)• I-HIV / AIDS• I-Hypercalcemia• I-Hyperthyroidism• ukutheleleka• ukungondleki• Imithi, kubandakanya ama-chemotherapeutic agents, ama-laxatives kanye nemithi yegilo yegilo• Isifo sikaParkinson• Izidakamizwa zokuzijabulisa, kufaka phakathi ama-amphetamines ne-cocaine• ukubhema• isifo sofubaUkwehla kwesisindo okungazelelwe kushukelaKubantu abanesifo sikashukela, i-insulin enganele ivimbela umzimba ekuthuthiseni ushukela usuka egazini uye emangqamuzaneni, ukuze uwusebenzise njengamandla. Lapho lokhu kwenzeka, umzimba uqala ukushisa amafutha nemisipha ibe amandla, okubangela ukwehla kwesisindo somzimba sisonke. Ukwehla kwesisindo okungalindelekile kuvame ukubonwa kubantu abatholakala benesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, kodwa kungathinta nabantu abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2.Kungani abantu abanesifo sikashukela behla emzimbeni?Isifo sikashukela ukugula okubangelwa yi-metabolic lapho umzimba ungasebenzisi amandla ngendlela efanele. Enye yezimpawu zesifo sikashukela ukushesha kwesisindo futhi ngokungachazeki.Ukulamba nokoma ngokweqile kungenye yezimpawu ezimbili, futhi iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela esingalashwa zinganciphisa isisindo njengoba zidla futhi ziphuza kakhulu kunokujwayelekile. Kunezizathu eziningana zokuthi kungani abantu abanesifo sikashukela behla isisindo, kepha ukuze baqonde kangcono ukuthi kungani ukwehla kwesisindo kwenzeka, kufanele ufunde ukuthi isifo sikashukela siwuthinta kanjani umzimba.Ukugaya nokukhiqizwa kwamandlaNgaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile, umzimba wakho uphendulela ukudla ushukela ngesikhathi sokugaya ukudla. Ushukela ungena egazini futhi amanyikwe akhipha i-hormone eyaziwa ngokuthi yi-insulin. I-insulin isiza wonke amaseli omzimba ukuthatha ushukela egazini futhi iwaguqule abe amandla, amaseli awasebenzisa njengamafutha.Kuvelaphi ukukhuluphala ngokweqile?Ezikhathini zasendulo, lapho umuntu kwakufanele athole ukudla ngokuzikhandla, futhi ngaphandle kwalokho, ukudla bekuyindlala, kungelawo umsoco, inkinga yesisindo eseqile ayizange ibe khona. Isisindo noma isisindo somzimba womuntu kuncike, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuthi uchitha amandla amangakanani ngokudla (lokhu kungukuphela kwamandla wamandla!) Futhi, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuthi usebenzisa malini.Izindleko zamandla zihambisana kakhulu nomsebenzi womzimba. Kusasele ingxenye eyodwa yenqubo yokushintshana kwamandla - ukunqwabelana kwayo. Amandla okugcina emzimbeni wethu anamafutha. Incazelo yokuqongelela kwayo ukuvikela “ngosuku lwemvula”, ngokwesibonelo, njengakudala, isikhathi eside sokudla okungenampilo.Namuhla, indlela yomuntu yokuphila isishintshe kakhulu. Sikwazi ukufinyelela mahhala ekudleni, futhi noma sithola imali encane kwesinye isikhathi akudingeki sikuthole ngokusebenza ngokomzimba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukudla kwethu manje sekumnandi, kucebiswe ngobuciko ngamafutha, futhi aqukethe amakhalori amaningi, okungukuthi, amandla.Ngakho-ke, sisebenzisa amandla amaningi futhi sisebenzisa okuncane, ngoba siphila impilo yokuhlala phansi, sisebenzisa izimoto, izinyusi, izinto zasendlini, izilawuli ezikude, njll. Lokhu kusho ukuthi amandla amaningi agcinwa emzimbeni ngesimo samafutha, okuholela ekutheni ukhuluphele. Emhlabebeni wanamuhla, isibalo sabantu abakhuluphele sisondela kwesigamu sabantu emhlabeni!Kumele kwaziwe ukuthi zonke izakhi zamandla we-metabolism ngokwengxenye ngokunqunywa yifa. Kungashiwo ukuthi ezizukulwaneni eziningi abanye abantu bakwazile “ukuvumelanisa” izinhlobo zabo zezakhi zofuzo kulesi simo esikhona futhi abahlushwa umkhuba wokukhuluphala ngokweqile. Yebo, ifa libalulekile: Ngokuvamile abazali abagcwele izingane banezingane ezigcwele. Kepha, ngakolunye uhlangothi, umkhuba wokudla ngokweqile nokuhamba kancane nawo uyakhiwa emndenini! Ngakho-ke, akufanele neze ucabange ukuthi isimo nomuntu okhuluphele ngokweqile asinathemba, ngoba umkhuba womndeni.Asikho isisindo esingeqile esingenakuncishiswa ngisho nangamakhilogremu ambalwa, futhi sizothola ukuthi futhi ukushintshwa okuncane kule ndlela kungaletha izinzuzo ezinkulu zezempilo.Ngabe ushukela kanye nokukhuluphala kuhlobene kanjani?Ngezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zesifo sikashukela, umuntu akakwazi ukuthola isisindo kuphela, kepha futhi wehlise isisindo.Ku-mellitus yesifo sikashukela (i-2) enganciki insulin (uhlobo 2), ama-pancreas akhiqiza i-insulin ngokweqile. Kepha umzimba uphatheka kabi kwi-hormone, okuholela ekushisekeni kwe-insulin. 85-90% yabantu abatholakala benesifo sikashukela bakhuluphele.Ngokuphathelene nesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, ngenxa yokushoda kwe-insulin, iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela zehla emzimbeni zize ziqale ukwelashwa.Kunezindlela eziningi ezihlukile zokusiza isisindo. Isibonelo, ifomula kaBrock:Isisindo esifanele emadodeni = (ukuphakama ngamasentimitha - 100) · 1.15.Isisindo esifanele kwabesifazane = (ukuphakama ngamasentimitha - 110) · 1.15.Ukubaluleka kokukhuluphala kakhulu ekwakhiweni kwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2Inkinga yesisindo ibaluleke kakhulu kuhlobo 2 sikashukela. Khuluphele bane-80-90% yeziguli ezinalokhu kutholwa. Ubudlelwano obuphakathi koshukela omningi noshukela omningi sebukhulunyiwe ngenhla, kukholakala ukuthi buyisisekelo sokwakheka kokumelana ne-insulin, futhi-ke, isizathu esiyinhloko sokwakhiwa kwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2.Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuqagela ifa kubalulekile. Kuyaziwa ukuthi izihlobo eziseduzane (abazali nezingane, odade nabafowethu) zivame ukuba nale sifo. Ukuqashelwa kwemitholampilo kusivumela ukuthi siphethe ngokuthi ukubonwa njengefa kuyenzeka. lesi sifo siba khona njalo uma umuntu eba nesisindo ngokweqile.Ezigulini ezinesisindo esijwayelekile, isici esitholakala kuma-insulin receptors asihlotshaniswa nenqwaba yamafutha amaningi. Kukholelwa futhi ukuthi ezigulini eziningi ezinjalo, ukuphazamiseka kwe-pancreatic kungasiza kakhulu ekwakhiweni kwalesi sifo.Imiphumela yokukhuluphala ngokweqileNgaphezu kokuthuthukisa isifo sikashukela, ukukhuluphala kuneminye imiphumela emibi emzimbeni womuntu. Abantu abakhuluphele kakhulu kungenzeka babe nomfutho wegazi ophakeme (umfutho wegazi ophakeme), kanye ne-cholesterol ephezulu yegazi. Lokhu kwephulwa, nakho kuholela entuthukweni isifo senhliziyo (CHD), imiphumela emelela imbangela ejwayelekile kakhulu yokufa ezweni lanamuhla.Ngaphezu kwalokho, abantu abakhuluphele basengozini yokulimala kwamathambo nokuhlangana, ukulimala, izifo zesibindi kanye nenyongo kanye nezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza.Ukugcwala kungalethela umuntu ukuhlupheka kwengqondo. Emhlabebeni wanamuhla, ukuvumelana nokulunga kuyaziswa kakhulu. Lokhu kuba wuphawu lwempilo, okungekho ngaphandle kwesizathu, ngokunikezwa konke okushiwo ngenhla.Ifomula yesisindo evamileUkubala i-BMI yakho, udinga ukuhlukanisa inkomba yesisindo somzimba (ngamakhilogremu) ngesikhombi sokukhula (ngamamitha), esikwele:Uma iBMI yakho iwela phakathi kwe-18-25, unesisindo esijwayelekile.Uma kungama-25-30 - ukhuluphele.Uma iBMI idlula ema-30, uwa esigabeni sokukhuluphala.Amaphawundi angaphezulu ayinqwabelana lamafutha emzimbeni. Lapho sikhula ngokwengeziwe isisindo esibi ngokweqile, okuyiyo enkulu ingozi ebangelwa impilo.Ngaphezu kwenani eliphelele lamaphawundi angeziwe, ukwabiwa kwezicubu ze-adipose ezindabeni zomzimba. Amafutha angafakwa ngokulingana, angabiwa ikakhulukazi emathangeni nasezinkalweni. Okungathandeki kakhulu empilweni ukusatshalaliswa kwamafutha okubizwa ngokuthi isisu (isiLatini - isisu), lapho izicubu ze-adipose ziqongelela khona ikakhulukazi esiswini.Ngaphezu kwalokho, isibalo esisesiswini esivelayo asakhiwa kangako ngamafutha angaphansi (singakwazi ukuqoqwa ku-crease), kepha kunalokho okungaphakathi, okutholakala esiswini sesisu, futhi okulimaza kakhulu. Kungenxa yokukhuluphala esiswini ukuthi amaphesenti amaningi ezifo zenhliziyo ahambisana nawo.Ukufakwa kwamafutha esiswini kungahlolwa ngokulinganisa ukujikeleza kwesinqe. Uma ngabe le nkomba ingaphezulu kuka-102 cm kowesilisa futhi ingaphezulu kuka-88 kowesifazane, ubungozi besifo senhliziyo siphezulu kakhulu.Kubalulekile kwiziguli ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 esikhuluphele ngokweqile ukwazi ukuthi ngisho nokunciphisa umzimba ngokweqile kunganikeza imiphumela emihle ngokuya nge-carbohydrate metabolism, kanye nokunciphisa ubungozi besifo senhliziyo.Izimiso eziyisisekelo zokunciphisa umzimbaUma isisindo somzimba ngokweqile sikhulu kakhulu, ukufinyelela isisindo esijwayelekile akulula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, akuvikelekile ngaso sonke isikhathi. Uma sikhuluma ngezinzuzo zezempilo, khona-ke izinguquko ezinhle zenzeka noma isiguli sehlisa isisindo ngokweqile ngo-5-10%.Isibonelo, uma isisindo singama-95 kg, udinga ukusinciphisa ngo-5-9,5 kg.Ukunciphisa isisindo ngo-5-10% kusuka kwangempela kuthuthukisa kakhulu (kwesinye isikhathi kujwayele ngokuphelele) izinkomba zikashukela wegazi, cholesterol, umfutho wegazi.Kumele kushiwo ngaleso sikhathi ukuthi umphumela omuhle uzohlala kuphela uma isisindo singakhuphuki futhi. Futhi lokhu kuzodinga imizamo engapheli nokulawulwa okuqinile okuvela esigulini. Iqiniso ukuthi ukuthambekela kokuqongelela isisindo esengeziwe, njengomthetho, yisici somuntu empilweni yonke. Ngakho-ke, imizamo ye-episodic yokunciphisa isisindo ayisebenzi: izifundo zokuzila, njll.Udaba olubalulekile lukunquma izinga lokuncipha kwesisindo.Manje sekufakazelwe ukuthi ukuthandwa kancane kancane, kancane kancane kwesisindo kuncomeka kakhulu. Hhayi, uma isonto ngalinye isiguli silahlekelwa ngu-0,5-0.8 kg.Lelijubane libekezelelwa kahle ngumzimba futhi, njengomthetho, linikeza umphumela ohlala njalo.Ungawugcina kanjani umphumela owuzuzile? Lokhu, kunjalo, kudinga umzamo omncane, isibonelo, ukudla okulesi sigaba kungandiswa. Kepha umzabalazo omude ngokwengqondo nangokomqondo unzima kakhulu kunokushaywa nje okufishane, iziguli eziningi zihamba kancane kancane zizuza.Ukugcina isisindo somzimba esifanele kudinga umzamo oqhubekayo kukho konke impilo. Eqinisweni, umuntu ophelele ofuna ukwehlisa isisindo futhi alondoloze isisindo osifunayo, udinga ukuguqula indlela ophila ngayo. Ngempela, isisindo ngokweqile singumphumela wendlela yakhe yangaphambili yokuphila, futhi uma ungasiguquli, lokhu okweqile ngeke kuhambe noma kuphi.Mina. I-Dedov, i-E.V. ISurkova, A.Yu. OkukhuluNgidinga nini ukukhala i-alamu?Kumuntu ophile kahle, isisindo singashintshashintsha singama-5 kg. Ukunyuka kwayo kungahlotshaniswa namaholide, amaholide noma ukuncipha komzimba. Ukwehla kwesisindo kubangelwa ikakhulukazi ukucindezelwa okungokomzwelo, kanye nesifiso somuntu ohlose ukulahlekelwa amakhilogremu ambalwa.Kodwa-ke, ukulahleka kwesisindo okubukhali okufika kuma-20 kg ezinyangeni ezi-1-1,5 kungakhombisa ukukhula kwesifo sikashukela. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukwehliswa kwesisindo okunjalo kuletha impumuzo ebalulekile esigulini, kepha ngakolunye uhlangothi, kuyisihluthulelo sokuqalwa kwe-pathologies enzima.Yini enye okufanele unake? Okokuqala, lezi yizimpawu ezimbili - ukoma okungenakuqhathaniswa ne-polyuria. Lapho kukhona izibonakaliso ezinjalo, kanye nokulahlekelwa isisindo, umuntu kufanele, okokuqala, avakashele i-endocrinologist. Udokotela, esehlolile isiguli, unquma ukuhlolwa kwe-glucose bese kuphela eqinisekisa noma ephika izinsolo zesifo "esimnandi".Ngaphezu kwalokho, abantu abanoshukela ophezulu bangakhononda ngalokhu:ikhanda, isiyezi,ukukhathala, ukungaphatheki kahle,umuzwa onamandla wendlalaukugxila okungahambi kahle,ukuphazamiseka kokugaya ukudlaIzinkinga zocansiisikhumba esikhanyayo, ukuphulukiswa okude kwamanxeba,umsebenzi wokuphazamiseka kwezinso.Umuntu ofuna ukwehlisa isisindo kufanele akhumbule ukuthi ukwehla kwesisindo okujwayelekile, okungalimazi umzimba, akumele kudlule ku-5 kg ​​ngenyanga. Izimbangela zokuncipha kwesisindo esikhulu ngamanga “wesifo esimnandi” aqukethe okulandelayo:Inqubo ye-autoimmune lapho kukhiqizwa khona i-insulin. IGlucose yakha egazini futhi ingatholakala nomchamo. Kubonakala ngesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1.Ukushoda kwe-insulin lapho amaseli engayiboni kahle le hormone. Umzimba awunayo i-glucose - umthombo omkhulu wamandla, ngakho-ke isebenzisa amaseli wamafutha. Kungakho ukwehlisa isisindo ngohlobo 2 sikashukela.Kusukela kwenzeka ukuphazamiseka kwe-metabolic, futhi amangqamuzana awatholi amandla adingekayo, amaseli wamafutha aqala ukusetshenziswa. Ngenxa yalokho, abanesifo sikashukela abakhulu ngokweqile “bayasha” phambi kwamehlo ethu.Ezimweni ezinjalo, i-dietitan iba nesikimu esifanele sokudla, emva kwalokho isisindo somzimba siyanda kancane kancane.Isincomo Sokulahlekelwa IsisindoUkwehla kwesisindo okubukhali kuhlobo 2 sikashukela kuyingozi kakhulu.Eminye yemiphumela emibi kakhulu ukuthuthukiswa kwe-ketoacidosis, i-atrophy yemisipha yemikhawulo ephansi nokukhathala komzimba. Ukwenza umzimba ube ngokwejwayelekile, odokotela banquma izifiso zesifiso, ukwelashwa ngama-hormone kanye nokudla okufanele.Ukudla okulinganiselayo okubandakanya ukudla okugcwele amavithamini, ama-amino acid, izinto ezincane kanye nama-macro, kuzoba nomthelela ekwandeni kancane kancane kwesisindo futhi kuqinise izivikelo zomzimba.Umgomo oyinhloko wokudla kahle ushukela wukunciphisa umkhawulo wama-carbohydrate nokudla okunamafutha. Iziguli zidinga kuphela ukudla ukudla okunenkomba ye-glycemic ephansi.Ukudla okukhethekile kufaka ukusetshenziswa kokudla okunjalo:isinkwa esilinganayoimikhiqizo yobisi (engewona amafutha),okusanhlamvu okuphelele (ibhali, i-buckwheat),imifino (ubhontshisi, udali, iklabishi, utamatisi, ukhukhamba, isithombo, ulethisi),izithelo ezingafakwanga (amawolintshi, ulamula, pomelo, amakhiwane, ama-apula aluhlaza).Ukudla kwansuku zonke kufanele kuhlukaniswe ama-servings angama-5-6, futhi kufanele kube amancane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokukhathala okukhulu kweziguli, kunconywa ukuthatha uju oluncane ukubuyisela ukungatheleleki komzimba. Isifo sikashukela kufanele senze imenyu ukuze ingxenye yamafutha esilinganisweni sokudla ifike ku-25%, ikhabhoni - 60%, namaprotheni - cishe ama-15%. Abesifazane abakhulelwe bayelulekwa ukuthi bandise inani lamaprotheni ekudleni kwabo bafinyelele kuma-20%.Umthwalo we-carbohydrate usatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo usuku lonke. Ingxenye yama-kilojoule adliwe ngesikhathi sokudla main kufanele isuke ku-25 iye ku-30%, futhi ngesikhathi sokudla okulula - kusuka ku-10 kuye ku-15%.Kungenzeka yini ukuthi uphulukise ukukhubazeka okunjalo ngokudla kuphela? Kungenzeka, kepha ukondleka kumele kuhlanganiswe nokwelashwa kokuzivocavoca kwesifo sikashukela, lokhu kuzoba nomphumela osheshayo futhi osebenza kangcono. Vele, lapho isiguli sizama ukuthola isisindo somzimba, akufanelekile ukuzikhipha amandla ngokuzivocavoca ngokweqile. Kepha ukuhamba kuze kube yimizuzu engama-30 ngosuku kuzohlomula kuphela. Ukuhamba njalo komzimba kuzosiza ekuqiniseni izicubu, kuthuthukise amasistimu wokuphefumula nawenhliziyo.Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi into ephelelwe amandla "iba ngamafutha" isikhathi eside impela. Ngakho-ke, udinga ukubekezela futhi ulandele zonke izincomo zikadokotela.Imiphumela yokuncipha kwesisindo ngokuzumayoUkwehla kwesisindo esisheshayo kushukela kungadala ukuthuthukiswa kwezinye izifo ezinkulu. Okokuqala, kukhona ukwephulwa kwazo zonke izinqubo ze-metabolic, kanti okwesibili, umzimba uqala ukuboleka amandla kuqala kwizicubu zomzimba, bese kuthi ezitolo ezinamafutha.Isifo sikashukela esilahlekelwe isisindo esiningi ngesikhathi esifushane kungenzeka sibe nengozi yokudakwa kanzima. Inani elikhulu lobuthi nemikhiqizo ye-metabolic ayiqoqeki egazini lomuntu ophilile, noma kunjalo, lapho isisindo sincishiswa, umzimba awukwazi ukususa zonke izinto eziyingozi. Inqubo enjalo ibeka usongo olukhulu, ngoba kwezinye izimo imiphumela ebulalayo ingenzeka.Ngaphezu kwalokho, uhlelo lokugaya luhlupheka kakhulu. Ngenxa yokuncipha kwesisindo esisheshayo, sonke isiguli sesibili singakhalaza ngesisu esidabukisayo, njengoba amakhono akhe ezimoto engasebenzi. Futhi, ukwehla okukhulu kwesisindo kungathinta i-pancreas kanye ne-gallder. Ngakho-ke, i-pancreatitis kanye ne-gastritis yizifo ezingamangazi ngokuphelele ezenzeka ngesikhathi sokunciphisa umzimba.Ngenxa yokuphulwa kwebhalansi kasawoti wamanzi, kuvela ama-pathologies ahlukahlukene wesibindi nezinso. Imiphumela engaphendukeki ingaba ukwehluleka kwesibindi noma ngisho nokukhula kwehepatitis. Ngokuqondene nesitho esibhanqiwe, ukunciphisa umzimba kuyingozi ikakhulukazi uma kukhona amatshe ezinso noma ukuthambekela kokuzakhela.Njengoba ubona, ukuncipha komzimba kuthinta kabi ukusebenza kwezinso nezinso.Ngaphezu kwalokho, umuntu onesifo sikashukela osekhuluphele bese efuna ukwehlisa isisindo ngomcindezeli wesifiso sokudla kufanele azi okulandelayo. Ukuthatha le mithi kuphazamisa ukusebenza kwezinso.Kukhona amanye ama-pathologies angumphumela wokunciphisa umzimba ngokweqile. Isibonelo, isifo esihlobene ne-thyroid, hypoparathyroidism. Ezinye izinkinga zokuncipha kwesisindo zingafaka:Yehlisa umfutho wegazi.Ukwehla kwenkumbulo nokuhlushwa.Caries, izinwele ezicijile nezinzipho.Ukuvuvukala kwemikhawulo engezansi.Ngokuncipha okubukhali kwesisindo somzimba, amazwe ahlukahlukene acindezelayo athuthukisa.Abantu bayoba abaphilile kuphela ngokuhambisana nesimo sabo somzimba nangokwengqondo. Njengoba umzimba usuphelile, futhi “indlala” yobuchopho kwenzeka, kubangela ukuphazamiseka ngokomzwelo. Ngenxa yalokho, isiguli sizizwa sicindezelekile.Ngeshwa, odokotela abayitholanga impendulo yombuzo wokuthi singalashwa kanjani isifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 kuze kube phakade, alulapheki ngendlela efanayo nohlobo 1. Ngakho-ke, kunesidingo sokuhambisana nazo zonke izincomo zikadokotela ozifundelayo, ikakhulukazi ukondleka okufanele kanye nokuzivocavoca umzimba ukuze ugweme ukuthuthukiswa kwe-renal pathologies emzimbeni, ukuphazamiseka kwamathumbu emathunjini, ukungasebenzi kwesibindi nezinye izinto.Ividiyo ekulesi sihloko ichaza imigomo yokwelashwa kokudla, okuhloswe ngayo ukugcina isisindo esijwayelekile.Yini uhlobo 1 nesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2?Kunamaseli we-beta kumanyikwe wethu aphathelene ngqo nokukhiqizwa kwe-insulin ye-hormone. Lapho, ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukahlukene, amaseli we-beta eqala ukubhujiswa kakhulu, i-insulin ngokuphelele noma icishe ngokuphelele ukukhiqizwa. Futhi ngaphandle kwawo, ushukela wegazi ukhuphuka kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, uhlobo 1 lubizwa ngokuthi "ukuncika kwe-insulin."I-insulin iyakhiqizwa, kepha amangqamuzana aqala ukumunca ngokubi futhi ababi kakhulu ukuwathola, noma ngabe aqaphela kanjani. Ngenxa yalokhu, i-glucose ayidonswa kahle amaseli ngoba i-insulin ithwala ushukela esitokisini, lapho isetshenziselwa ukukhipha amandla. Izinga likashukela liyakhuphuka. Futhi ngokuqhubeka kwesikhathi, ukukhiqizwa kwe-insulin uqobo kungancipha, ngoba amazinga e-glucose aphezulu njalo athinta kabi amaseli e-beta. Okwamanje, kanye nesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, kuyavela ukuxhomekeka kwe-insulin, ekuqaleni okungekho. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ungaqali lesi sifo!Ukhuluphele ngesifo sikashukela soHlobo 1Isifo sikashukela sangaluphi uhlobo ukwehluleka okukhulu kwama-hormone okulandelwa ukulimala kwezinso, amehlo, amasistimu enhliziyo, imithambo yemilenze nezinye izitho zomzimba. Isifo sikashukela sohlobo loku-1 sitholakala kubantu abangaphansi kweminyaka engama-35, futhi ukukhuluphala akuyona imvamisa kuye. Kepha ukudla okwelashwa okuphansi kwe-carb kusadingeka. Ukuqalwa kwaso ukunciphisa inani lama-carbohydrate adliwayo futhi andise inani lamaprotheni, ngoba izinga likashukela lenyuka kancane futhi kancane kancane kusuka kumaprotheni, futhi kusuka kuma-carbohydrate - kakhulu futhi ngokuqinile. Ngeshwa, ezimweni eziningi, imijovo ejwayelekile ye-insulin ayinakugwenywa, kepha ngokudla okufanele, ukuntuleka kwengcindezi, imfundo yezomzimba, imithamo yemithi ingancishiswa kakhulu.Ukhuluphele isifo sikashukelaIsifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 sitholakala ngaphezu kwe-90% yamacala alesi sifo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, abayi-8 kwabangu-10 bakhuluphele isifo sikashukela ngisho nokukhuluphala ngokweqile. Isibalo esijwayelekile yi-apula, amafutha afakwa ikakhulu emzimbeni ophezulu nesisu. Kungani fat kukhula? Masiphendukele ku-insulin futhi. Isiza kuphela i- "glucose" ukungena "esitokisini, kepha inomunye umsebenzi obalulekile: inesibopho sokuguqula ushukela noshukela omningi ube yindawo yokugcina izicubu ze-adipose uma kungabulawa yindlala, futhi ivimbela nokuqhekeka kwaleli izicubu ze-adipose. Kuyavela ukuthi akukubi hhayi kuphela lapho kukhona i-insulin encane, kodwa futhi uma seqile!Unganciphisa kanjani ishukelaUkudla okuphezulu kuma-carbohydrate kubangela i-insulin ngokweqile, ngakho-ke ukudla okune-carb okuphansi kuyiphuzu elibalulekile ohlelweni lokwelashwa. Futhi lapha, iziguli eziningi zicabanga ngendlela yokwehlisa isisindo sikashukela. Futhi badida imiqondo nezimiso zokudla okuphansi kwe-carb ne-calorie ephansi. Kufanele kube namakhalori anele, kepha ama-carbohydrate “ayingozi” adinga ukubhekwa njalo. Umbuthano onesihluku ubukeka kanjena:Ukunxanela ukudla → ukudla ngokweqile → gxuma ushukela wegaziFuthi kuyingozi hhayi ngequlu lokugula kusuka kumakhilogremu angeziwe, kodwa futhi nokuqhuma okuqinile ngamazinga kashukela.Ukhuluphele noshukela"Unesifo sikashukela, ngakho-ke ukhuluphele futhi akakwazi ukunciphisa umzimba" - inganekwane ejwayelekile! Ukwehla kwesisindo kuyisimo sokuqala nesibaluleke kakhulu sokwelashwa. Ungadla izintaba zamathebulethi akhulisa ukuzwela kwamangqamuzana ukufaka i-insulin futhi ngaleyo ndlela ivumelanise umzimba, kepha kuze kube yilapho isiguli uqobo siqala ukuphula umbuthano onesihluku, esikhulume ngawo ngenhla, konke lokhu kuzobe kungasebenzi futhi kuwulimaze nomzimba.Ukwehla kwesisindo + ukukhuphuka kancane kancane komzimba wemvelo + ukunamathela emithethweni yokudla okunempilo = indlela ephumelelayo eya empilweniKunezinhlobo ezimbili zesifo sikashukela - uhlobo 1 nohlobo 2. Ngesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, umzimba awukhiqizi i-insulin, noma ungakhiqizi ngokwanele, futhi amangqamuzana awatholi siginali yamakhemikhali yokwakha ushukela egazini. Ngokwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, umzimba ukhiqiza i-insulin, kodwa amangqamuzana awaphenduli amasiginali amakhemikhali, noma awaphenduli kahle kuwo. Kuzona zozimbili lezi zinhlobo, ushukela uhlala egazini, lapho umzimba ungakwazi ukuwusebenzisa amandla.Imiphumela yesifo sikashukelaLapho amaseli engakwazi ukusebenzisa ushukela namandla, athumela isibonakaliso ebuchosheni sokuthi adinga uphethiloli owengeziwe. Ubuchopho bube bukhipha ukusabela kwendlala, kukukhuthaze ukuba udle, futhi ngenxa yalokho uphethwe yindlala ngokweqile, evame ukwenzeka kushukela. Kodwa-ke, lapho udla kakhulu, ushukela omningi ungena egazini, hhayi emangqamuzaneni. Izinso zakho kuzofanela zisebenze isikhathi esengeziwe ukusula ushukela wegazi ngomchamo, futhi ngenxa yalokhu kumele zisebenzise amanzi amaningi, okusho ukoma ngokweqile.Isifo sikashukela kanye nokunciphisa umzimbaNgaphezu kokuvusa indlala, ubuchopho bubhubhisa izicubu zomzimba namafutha emzamweni wokuhlinzeka amandla amaseli. Yile nqubo ebangela ukwehla kwesisindo okungazelelwe okuhambisana nesifo sikashukela. Uma isimo siqhubeka nokuhlala singalashwa, umzimba ungathinteka yi-ketoacidosis. Nge-ketoacidosis, umzimba ukhiqiza amakhemikhali - ama-ketones, ngenxa yokuqhekeka okusheshayo kwamafutha. Ama-ketones angena egazini futhi enze i-acidic, engadala ukulimala kwezitho zomzimba futhi nokufa.Ngabe singaba khona isifo sikashukela kusuka kumaswidiInganekwane zigcwele kubantu, lapho ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile koshukela kungadala isifo sikashukela. Lokhu kungenzeka, kepha ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukuqonda ukuthi hlobo luni lwesifo, futhi ingabe kuzoba noshukela uma kunoshukela omningi?Ushukela nesifo sikashukela - kukhona ubudlelwano?Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, ukusetshenziswa koshukela ngeke kuholele ekwakhiweni kwesifo sohlobo lokuqala. Idluliselwa kuphela ngefa. Kepha uhlobo lwesibili luyatholakala kwinqubo yokuphila. Umbuzo ophakamayo - singaba khona yini isifo sikashukela sohlobo lwesibili emaswidi? Ukuze uphendule, udinga ukuqonda ukuthi yini ushukela wegazi.Umqondo wezokwelapha ushukela uhlukile kumlingani wawo wokudla.Ushukela wegazi akuyona into esetshenziselwa ukwenza ukudla kube muncu. Kulokhu, sisho ushukela, okuthi ezimeni zawo zamakhemikhali uhlobane noshukela olulula kakhulu.Ngemuva kokuthi ushukela wabathengi ungene emzimbeni ngesitashi, uhlelo lokugaya ukudla komuntu luwuhlikihla lube ushukela. Le nto inekhono lokungenelwa egazini, isakazeka egazini iye kwezinye izitho. Emzimbeni ophilile, ushukela osegazini ugcina ngezinga elithile. Isikhombisi esinyukayo salolutho singakhombisa kokubili ukukhula kwesifo sikashukela nokuthi esikhathini esedlule umuntu udla inani ngokweqile lokudla okumnandi.Izinguquko emazingeni kashukela abangelwa ukudonsa ushukela kwakamuva zihlala isikhashana. Ukukhishwa kwe-insulin yi-pancreas kubuyisela isimo esijwayelekile. Ngakho-ke, ukusetshenziswa kashukela ngendlela yakhe emsulwa nakumaswidi akunakubhekwa njengembangela eqondile yokubonakaliswa kwalesi sifo.Kepha, amaswidi anokuqukethwe kwekhalori okuphezulu. Ukusetshenziswa kwazo ngokweqile kuhlangene nokuphila kokuphila komuntu wesimanje kuholela ekuthuthukiseni ukukhuluphala, okubuye kube yimbangela yesifo sikashukela.I-insulin ingesinye sezici ezibaluleke kakhulu ku-lipogenesis. Isidingo saso sikhuphuka ngokwanda kwezicubu ezinamafutha. Kepha kancane kancane ukuzwela kwezitho nezicubu ukungena kwe-insulin kuyancipha, ngenxa yokuthi izinga lawo esegazini likhula futhi nemetabolism iyashintsha. Kamuva, ukumelana ne-insulin kuba izitho nezicubu. Ngaphezu kwalokhu, isibindi siqala ukukhiqiza i-glucose, okuholela ekwandeni kwe-hyperglycemia. Zonke lezi zinqubo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ziholela ekwakhiweni kohlobo lwesibili lwesifo.Ngakho-ke, yize isifo sikashukela singasibangeli ngokusobala isifo sikashukela, sikuthinta ngokuqondile ukuqala kwayo. Ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwamaswidi kuholela ekukhuluphiseni, okubuye kube yimbangela yokutholwa kwesifo sikashukela sohlobo II.Ingabe abanesifo sikashukela bangadla amaswidiPhambilini bekunconyelwe kakhulu ukuthi iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela ziqede ngokuphelele amaswidi, kanye nesinkwa, izithelo, ipasta neminye imikhiqizo efanayo ekudleni. Kepha ngentuthuko yezokwelapha, izindlela zokwelashwa zale nkinga sezishintshile.Ochwepheshe banamuhla bakholelwa ukuthi ama-carbohydrate kufanele enze okungenani amaphesenti angamashumi amahlanu nanhlanu wokudla komuntu.Ngaphandle kwalokho, izinga likashukela alizinzanga, alilawuleki, elingadala izinkinga ezinkulu, lihambisana nokudangala.Namuhla, odokotela basebenzisa izindlela zokwelapha ushukela ezintsha, ezikhiqiza kakhudlwana. Indlela yesimanjemanje ibandakanya ukusetshenziswa kokudla okwenza ukuba kugcinwe ushukela wegazi njalo njalo. Lokhu kutholakala ngokubala ngokunembile ukutholakala kwamaprotheni, amafutha kanye nama-carbohydrate. Indlela enjalo ivimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwe-hypo- ne-hyperglycemia.Ukusetshenziswa kwamafutha ezilwane kunqunyelwe, kepha ukudla okuhlukahlukene kwe-carbohydrate kufanele kube khona njalo ekudleni kweziguli. Umzimba womuntu ophilile uguqula ama-carbohydrate abe amandla. Isifo sikashukela kufanele sisebenzise umuthi kulokhu. Kepha ngesifo esinjalo, preference kufanele inikezwe kuma-carbohydrate ayinkimbinkimbi (atholakala esinkwa, i-pasta, amazambane) nokusebenzisa izinto ezilula (ezitholakala ushukela kanye nemikhiqizo efakiwe).Amanye amaphuzu angeziweUkusatshalaliswa kwenganekwane yokuthi isifo sikashukela singakhula ngenxa yokusebenzisa ushukela ngamanani amakhulu kuholele kwezinye izakhamizi ukuthi zithathe isinqumo sokuwushiya ngokuphelele lo mkhiqizo noma zishintshele ezingena esikhundleni sikashukela. Kepha, eqinisweni, lezo zenzo zingaholela ezinkingeni ngama-pancreas nezinye izitho zomzimba. Ngakho-ke, esikhundleni sezinyathelo ezinjengalezi, kungcono ukukhawula ukusetshenziswa kwesihlabathi esimhlophe.Akumele sikhohlwe mayelana neziphuzo ezimnandi zekhabhoni. Ukunciphisa ushukela ekudleni ngeke kusebenze uma unganaki lolu hlobo lomkhiqizo. Ibhodlela elincane lamanzi acwebezelayo liqukethe kusuka amathisipuni ayisithupha kuya kwayisishiyagalombili kashukela. Amajusi wemvelo nawo ayahlukile. Ukwakheka kwalesi siphuzo, noma ngabe umenzi ebeka umkhiqizo waso njengemvelo, nawo unoshukela. Ngakho-ke, ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca, kuyadingeka ukuqapha iziphuzo ezidliwayo.Imidlalo nokuzivocavoca kuyizindlela ezinhle zokuvimbela isifo sikashukela. Ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca, amakhalori ayashiswa, anciphisa amathuba okuthola ukukhuluphala, okungenye yezimbangela zalesi sifo. Ukuvivinya umzimba njalo kukuvumela ukuthi ugweme lesi simo.Akufanele futhi usebenzise kabi uju oluningi nezithelo ezinhle. Yize le mikhiqizo ingokwemvelo, iphakeme ngamakhalori. Ngakho-ke, ukudla ngokweqile kwabo okuhlelekile kungadala nokukhula kokukhuluphala kanye nokubonakaliswa okulandelayo kwesifo sikashukela.Ngakho-ke, ushukela akuyona imbangela eqondile yesifo sikashukela. Isifo sohlobo lokuqala singamafa futhi ukusetshenziswa kokudla okumnandi akukuthinti ukubonakaliswa kwaso. Kepha amaswidi angaba nomthelela ngokungaqondile ekwakhekeni kwesifo sikashukela esitholwayo.Ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kokudla okunoshukela okuhambisana nokuphila kokuhlala phansi kanye nokuntuleka kokuzivocavoca umzimba kungaholela ekutheni ukhuluphele, ongomunye wabaphambili besifo sikashukela. Kepha ukusetshenziswa okulawulwayo kashukela kuhambisana nokulawulwa okungasindi kwesisindo kungafaki amathuba okuthola lesi sifo.Ungalahla kanjani ishukelaUmthetho obaluleke kakhulu wesiguli esinesifo sikashukela ukuqhuba umzimba njalo hhayi ukwenza ngokweqile umzimba. Ukuhlanganisa ukudla okulinganiselayo nokuzivocavoca, ingozi yokuba nesifo sikashukela incishiswa ngama-58%. Ungafunda ukuthi ungasondela kanjani ekunciphiseni isisindo noma ukuzuza isisindo sikashukela lapha.Kusuka amakhambi abantu kanye nezithasiselo zokudla ungahlukanisa:hydroxycitrate eyinkimbinkimbiIzithelo ze-Fennelitiye eliluhlaza kanye nokukhipha ginger,izithelo zamawolintshi kanye namajikijolo.Isifo sikashukela sikashukela siyinkinga yesifo sikashukela. Izimbangela, Izimpawu, UkwelashwaIsikhashana se-insulin. Funda kabanzi ngokusetshenziswa kwalesi sidakamizwa lapha.Kungcono ukunika izintandokazi kwezidakamizwa ezinezakhi zamakhambi. Ngosizo lwabo, izinqubo ze-metabolic zenziwa zenziwe zomzimbajwayelekile, ezinikezela ukunciphisa umzimba okusheshayo futhi okusheshayo. Amakhambi we-Folk kanye nezithasiselo zokudla zigcwala wonke amavithamini kanye namaminerali adingekayo, angakwazi ukuqeda ubuthi namafutha omzimba ngokweqile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umuntu wehlisa isisindo kancane kancane, okubaluleke kakhulu futhi nomzimba ungahlupheki. Ukwehla kwesisindo kwenzeka ngokwemvelo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abanesifo sikashukela abaningi, ngenkathi bancipha isisindo, kancane kancane banciphisa umthamo wezidakamizwa ezinciphisa ushukela onesifo sikashukela.Ngokwemininingwane esebenzayo kuyaziwa ukuthi abantu abanesifo sikashukela abahlali banamathela kuzo zonke izincomo zikadokotela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isikhathi esincane sinikezelwe ekuvinjelweni kwesifo sikashukela. Leli qiniso liholela ekutheni isibalo samacala sikhula minyaka yonke futhi izifo zitholakala ezigabeni zakamuva, kuvela ubunzima ekwelashweni okulandelayo. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi ukuthi ungazisingatha kanjani izingqinamba zombili lezi zinhlobo zesifo sikashukela ngenkathi zisakhiwa. Lokhu kuzokuvumela ukuthi ungazivezi ezinkingeni ezingagwenywa noma ekuqaleni kwesifo.Kuyadingeka nje ukuthi ushintshe indlela yakho yokuphila futhi unake impilo yakho ngokuxilongwa kwesifo sikashukela, futhi kakhulu uma unamaphawundi angeziwe. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ngemuva kokuncipha kwesisindo esifanayo, ungathola ngokushesha amakhilogremu angeziwe, futhi ngesikhathi esifushane kakhulu. Ukulwa nesisindo ngokweqile manje kuzoba nzima ngokwengeziwe.
