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__label__cc	0.690712	0.309288	Book Haul~New Stash and Recently Received Here's a new crop of books that have come in recently from publishers, and a couple that I've ordered for myself. Things have slowed down with the publishers since I took a hiatus with my illness, but now that I'm back reviewing...are picking up again. I'm delighted to be back and able to read again. There's a mixed bag here as you'll see. One I just ordered that came in this week! I may have already told you about it, but it bears telling again. It's fantastic. Published by Orbit. Here's a summary: The Girl With All the Gifts is a groundbreaking thriller, emotionally charged and gripping from beginning to end. Every morning, Melanie waits in her cell to be collected for class. When they come for her, Sergeant keeps his gun pointing at her while two of his people strap her into the wheelchair. She thinks they don't like her. She jokes that she won't bite, but they don't laugh. Melanie is a very special girl. A new book ( #2 ) in the Flavia Albia series! Thanks to St. Martin's Press. "There are rules for private informers accepting a new case. Never take on clients who cannot pay you. Never do favours for friends. Don’t work with relatives. If, like me, you are a woman, keep clear of men you find attractive. “Will I never learn?” In Ancient Rome, the number of slaves was far greater than that of free citizens. As a result, often the people Romans feared most were the “enemies at home,” the slaves under their own roofs. Because of this, Roman law decreed that if the head of a household was murdered at home, and the culprit wasn’t quickly discovered, his slaves—all of them, guilty or not—were presumed responsible and were put to death. Without exception. When a couple is found dead in their own bedroom and their house burglarized, some of their household slaves know what is about to happen to them. They flee to the Temple of Ceres, which by tradition is respected as a haven for refugees. This is where Flavia Albia comes in. The authorities, under pressure from all sides, need a solution. Albia, a private informer just like her father, Marcus Didius Falco, is asked to solve the murders, in this mystery from Lindsey Davis. Another Elin Hilderbrand...I love her stories, as I've said. This is one I just bought at Target on a whim. Don't you love the cover? It's published by Little, Brown & Co. A summer wedding stirs up trouble on both sides of the family in the newest bestseller from "the queen of the summer novel" (People) The Carmichaels and the Grahams have gathered on Nantucket for a happy occasion: a wedding that will unite their two families. Plans are being made according to the wishes of the bride's late mother, who left behind The Notebook: specific instructions for every detail of her youngest daughter's future nuptials. Everything should be falling into place for the beautiful event -- but in reality, things are falling apart. While the couple-to-be are quite happy, their loved ones find their lives crumbling. In the days leading up to the wedding, love will be questioned, scandals will arise, and hearts will be broken and healed. Elin Hilderbrand takes readers on a touching journey in BEAUTIFUL DAY -- into the heart of marriage, what it means to be faithful, and how we choose to honor our commitments. This is an unusual memoir sent to me by Skyhorse Publishing. It harkens back to the times when the Soviet Union was closed and at its worst where human rights was concerned. I'm interested to give it a try... There is always some part of the world where human rights are trampled and oppression quashes the human spirit. In the 1980s, it was the Soviet Union. In Swimming in the Daylight, Lisa Paul, a Catholic-American student living in Moscow in the early ’80s, details how she grew to understand the perverse reality of the pre-Gorbachev Soviet regime as her friendship with her Russian-language tutor, Inna Kitrosskaya Meiman, blossomed. Inna, a Soviet-Jewish dissident and refusenik, was repeatedly denied a visa to receive life-saving cancer treatment abroad. The refusal was an apparent punishment imposed on both her and her Jewish husband, Naum, for his participation in the Moscow Helsinki Watch Group—the lone group fighting for human rights in the U.S.S.R. Before Lisa returned to the United States, she promised Inna she would do all she could to get her out of Moscow. But Lisa was one person, what could she possibly do that would make a difference? Inspired by her faith and rights as an American, Lisa staged a hunger strike, held press conferences, and galvanized American politicians to demand Inna’s immediate release. In this heartfelt, compassionate, and inspiring narrative, Lisa brings the reader along with her as she learns indelible lessons from her heroic teacher. Inna’s greatest lesson—that it is possible to swim through treacherous waters, in daylight, not in despair—is as relevant today as it was during the final years of the Soviet regime. At a time when international strife seems insurmountable and worries at home seem to paralyze, this story will teach people everywhere that it is the courage inside, not the chaos outside, that defines us. Louise Penny is a new author for me. I've listened to one of her books on tape and enjoyed it, and look forward to an actual read. I know she has a tremendous group of followers. This was sent very nicely by St. Martin's Press. Happily retired in the village of Three Pines, Armand Gamache, former Chief Inspector of Homicide with the Sûreté du Québec, has found a peace he’d only imagined possible. On warm summer mornings he sits on a bench holding a small book, The Balm in Gilead, in his large hands. “There is a balm in Gilead,” his neighbor Clara Morrow reads from the dust jacket, “to make the wounded whole.” While Gamache doesn’t talk about his wounds and his balm, Clara tells him about hers. Peter, her artist husband, has failed to come home. Failed to show up as promised on the first anniversary of their separation. She wants Gamache’s help to find him. Having finally found sanctuary, Gamache feels a near revulsion at the thought of leaving Three Pines. “There’s power enough in Heaven,” he finishes the quote as he contemplates the quiet village, “to cure a sin-sick soul.” And then he gets up. And joins her. Together with his former second-in-command, Jean-Guy Beauvoir, and Myrna Landers, they journey deeper and deeper into Québec. And deeper and deeper into the soul of Peter Morrow. A man so desperate to recapture his fame as an artist, he would sell that soul. And may have. The journey takes them further and further from Three Pines, to the very mouth of the great St. Lawrence river. To an area so desolate, so damned, the first mariners called it The land God gave to Cain. And there they discover the terrible damage done by a sin-sick soul. Very kindly sent to me by Kensington Press, this is of course a historical fiction about Jack the Ripper and his wife. Brandy Purdy is known for her fiction having to do with kings and queens of England. I look forward to reading this new approach of hers! I am so looking forward to starting this one sent by Tom Doherty Associates. It looks awesome. I love this type of thriller. Read the summary below: The Ark Storm is coming—a catastrophic weather event that will unleash massive floods and wreak more damage on California than the feared “Big One.” One man wants to profit from it. Another wants to harness it to wage jihad on American soil. One woman stands in their way: Dr. Gwen Boudain, a brave and brilliant meteorologist. When Boudain notices that her climate readings are off the charts, she turns to Gabriel Messenger for research funding. Messenger’s company is working on a program that ionizes water molecules to bring rain on command. Meanwhile, Wall Street suits notice that someone is placing six-month bets on the prospect of an utter apocalypse and begin to investigate. Standing in the shadows is journalist Dan Jacobsen, a former Navy SEAL. War hardened, cynical, and handsome, Jacobsen is a man with his own hidden agenda. Linda Davies's Ark Storm brings together the worlds of finance, scientific innovation, and terrorism in a fast-paced thrill ride that will leave readers gasping. A techno thriller sent kindly by Tom Doherty Associates, as well. This one sounds like it could be a modern-day happening! It's a follow up to another book, but, hopefully easy to catch up on. A trip to an island off the New England coast—and away from the demands of police work—might be just what is needed to jumpstart Detective Doyle Carrick and Nola Watkins’ stalled relationship. But a mysterious plague is killing the island’s bees. Nola takes a job at an organic farm hit hard by the disease, working for the rich, handsome, and annoying Teddy, with whom she quickly becomes a little too friendly for Doyle’s liking. When Teddy’s estranged father offers Doyle a big payday to keep his son out of trouble until he can close a big government contract—and when Doyle meets Annalisa, a beautiful researcher studying the bees—Doyle decides to stick around. Stoma Corporation, a giant biotech company, moves in with genetically modified super bees that supposedly are the answer to the world’s bee crisis. As tension grows between protestors and a private army of thugs, Doyle realizes that bees aren’t the only thing being modified. Annalisa’s coworkers start to go missing, and she and Doyle uncover a dark, deadly, and terrifying secret. Things spin violently out of control on the tiny island, and when Doyle closes in on what Stoma Corporation is really up to, he must race to stop them before their plot succeeds, and spreads to the mainland and the world. Deadout is thrilling follow-up to McGoran’s highly acclaimed novel, Drift. A mystery and crime novel also generously sent by Tom Doherty Associates. This one is a Sonya Iverson series book. Has been compared to Barbara Taylor Bradford in its storyline. Elsa Klensch, host of the groundbreaking CNN news magazine, Style with Elsa Klensch, is the author of the New York Times bestseller, Style with Elsa Klensch. When she retired from television, Elsa took with her many secrets, stories she'd never been able to tell...until now in The Third Sin. Television producer Sonya Iverson has a habit of stumbling over dead bodies. Wade Bruckheimer decides to sell a fabulous diamond that once belonged to his late mother. He needs money, and selling the Braganza seems the best way of getting it. His stepmother, Irina, is furious—that diamond is her ticket to every A-list party in New York. A few days before the sale, Wade is found dead in his luxurious apartment. Sonya was already working on a story about the diamond and immediately begins to cover the murder, to the dismay of her boyfriend, who fears that Sonya is putting herself in danger. Irina Bruckheimer is the first, but not the last, suspect. Esperanza’s family want the Braganza back. There are long-standing rumors that Wade’s high-maintenance wife is having an affair. Only Sonya, with her outsider’s viewpoint, can sort through Wade Bruckheimer’s life and find his killer. Beautiful cover...this one is an ancient Ireland mystery which is Peter Tremayne's forte'. I love this time period and a good mystery. This one should be a fun read. Many thanks to St. Martin's Press for thinking of me with this one. Winter, 670 AD. King Colgú has invited the leading nobles and chieftains of his kingdom to a feast day. Fidelma and her companion Eadulf are finally home for an extended stay, and have promised their son, Alchú, that they’ll be able to spend some time together after months of being on the road, investigating crimes. Fidelma and Eadulf are enjoying the feast when it is interrupted by the entrance of a religieux, who claims he has an important message for the King. He approaches the throne and shouts ‘Remember Liamuin!’ and then stabs King Colgú. The assassin is slain, but does enough damage to take out Colgú’s bodyguard, and to put the king himself on the verge of death. As King Colgú lies in recovery, Fidelma, Eadulf, and bodyguard Gormán are tasked with discovering who is behind the assassination attempt, and who Liamuin is. They must journey into the territory of their arch-enemies, the Uí Fidgente, to uncover the secrets in the Abbey of Mungairit, and then venture into the threatening mountain territory ruled by a godless tyrant. Danger and violence are their constant companions until the final devastating revelation. Atonement of Blood is a mystery of Ancient Ireland from Peter Tremayne. On another note: I'm reading "Outlander," "Me Before You," and "A Game of Thrones" presently. Also have started "The Girl with all the Gifts," which I've said is excellent! Hope you are enjoying your new reads. Check back with me soon... Labels: Book Haul 8 2014, historical fiction, mystery and suspense, St. Martin's Press, techno thriller, thrillers Poland sonal Luckily came to your place. Hope to connect with all EBooks Authors helping each others. http://amazonebooksbase.blogspot.com/ Alinda Fikri Hi I am so grateful I found your blog, I really found you by mistake, while I was looking on Bing for something else, Regardless I am here now and would just like to say cheers for a remarkable post and a all round interesting blog (I also love the theme/design), I don’t have time to read through it all at the minute but I have saved it and also added in your RSS feeds, so when I have time I will be back to read a great deal more, Please do keep up the fantastic work. don't forget visit this my web : Obat Penyakit Mata Floater \| Obat Retinitis Pigmentosa \| Obat Alergi Dingin Thank you very much has been sharing this information very helpfull Fikri Ferdiansyah This paragraph is truly a fastidious one it assists new internet people, who are wishing in favor of Look into my web page Obat Benjolan Di Ketiak \| Obat Tumor Ganas \| Obat Jantung Bengkak \| Obat Fistula Ani \| Obat Kanker Prostat i like it Obat Penyakit Tipes Rahim Herbal Adeline Niesha Exceilent blog you have here but I was curious abou t if you knew of any communi ty forums tha t cover the same topics talked about in this article? 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__label__wiki	0.676	0.676	my art search contacts (REVIEWS) Incomprehensible are the relations between a man and a woman as earthly and celestial elements. Sun and Month, hard and pliable, as contrary and yet undivided sexes; taken together they make the basic theme of artworks of Kateryna Gutnikova. Incomprehensible are the relations between a man and a woman as earthly and celestial elements. Sun and Month, hard and pliable, as contrary and yet undivided sexes; taken together they make the basic theme of artworks of Kateryna Gutnikova. Her artistic discourse is about problems of conscious and unconscious, about dramatic, agonizingly fine and bitter, and sometimes hateful connections between the worlds of a Woman and a Man, real and unreal in human life and senses. She embodies her meditations in artistically elegant compositions, the essence of which at first she puts through history and fiction, like through the lens, through the prism of aesthetics, play and carnival. In the meantime the artist makes skillful use of a guise, mask, persona in its antique understanding as a part of a person, which was shown to the external world, expressing and, simultaneously, hiding an authentic self, character, soul. The environment of her personages is made of histrionics, decorative poses and figures. The works of Kateryna Gutnikova create a stage, where in oblivion some inspired performance. Splendid and wonderful attire stimulates thrust and relaxedness. It is in flowers, grapes, fairy-tale melodies and, which is the most important, in love -headache you make it head off today... Today the author stages mostly one-theme performances, however under different names and aspects. These complicated and rich compositions are inventively balanced, full of whimsical meanings and real life plots. Besides, there are landscape motifs and allegoric symbols. The Nature, flora and fauna from its entrails and are ready to flaw beyond the bounds of the drawing. The idea of a carnival, as a recreation of the essence of life with the help of figurative art means, is regularly actualized in the history of the world culture. In her works the moody and plotline carnival peripeteias become an important matter for philosophical reflection, psychological research and self-knowledge. Through her works, she strives to understand to major secrets: love and art. Perhaps, her quest is not in vain, as far as it brings forth one more secret: creative work of a young artist. Her creative manner is typical of the postmodern artist: reinterpretation of the age-old myths according to one's own painful questions. Private problems of the artist appear to be the problems of womankind, and mankind as a whole. You can put her works on a par with palimpsests; only, to be precise, they do not block each other, but prop up. When you ponder over these artworks you come to understand that it isn't that easy to find the way out of the labyrinth of these themes, reminiscences, meanings and discoveries. This is the prime example of intellectual poetry created by means of graphic arts. Olesia Avramenko, Candidate of Art Criticism. (OUR SPONSORS) © Art of Ukraine Foundation, 1998-2003. All rights reserved. © Created by AMT, 2003. Site info.	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line10
__label__cc	0.578237	0.421763	SciencePG Frontiers Volume 3, Issue 1, January 2015, Pages: 1-10 Simulation of Digital Optical Receiver of Intensity Modulation and Direct Detection Manuel Vítor Martingo Coelho Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Higher Technical Institute, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal To cite this article: Manuel Vítor Martingo Coelho. Simulation of Digital Optical Receiver of Intensity Modulation and Direct Detection. Communications. Vol. 3, No. 1, 2015, pp. 1-10. doi: 10.11648/j.com.20150301.11 Abstract: This article presents the implementation of an interactive software that integrates various functional blocks of an optical receiver of intensity modulation and direct detection (IM-DD), with OOK (on-off keying) digital modulation and NRZ (non-return-to-zero) pulse format. The software allows for the isolated simulation of each block, as well as the complete simulation of the whole system. We underline the following results presented by the simulator: theeye diagram, the probability density functions of the samples, Bode diagram, bandwidth, transimpedance gain, signal-to-noise ratio, power of the different noise sources and the bit error probability of the simulated system. Keywords: Interactive Simulator, Optical Receiver, Optical Amplifier, Photodetector, Electrical Preamplifier, IM-DD Abstract Keywords 1. Introduction 2. Simulator 2.1. Developing the Simulator 2.2. Operating the Simulator 3. Optical Preamplification 3.1. Optical Amplifier 3.2. Optical Amplifier – EDFA 3.3. Optical Filter 3.4. EDFA Preamplifier and Optical Filter Simulation 4. Photodetector 4.1. PIN Photodiode 4.2. Avalanche Photodiode (APD) 4.3. Photo Detection Noise without Optical Preamplification 4.4. Photo Detection Noise with Optical Preamplification 4.5. Photodetector Simulation 5. Electrical Preamplifier 5.1. Voltage Preamplifier 5.2. High Impedance Preamplifier 5.3. Transimpedance Preamplifier 5.4. Simulation of the Electrical Preamplifier 6. Complete Optical Receiver 6.1. Bit Error Probability 6.2. Optical Receiver Simulation 7. Final Conclusions, Perspectives of Future Work and Original Contributions 7.1. Final Conclusions 7.2. Perspectives of Future Work 7.3. Original Contributions Acknowledgements References The first optical fibre commercial transmission systems were deployed at the end of the seventies [1] and have gone through an exponential evolution up to the present. The reasons behind the enormous success of optic fibre transmission have to do with the following [2]-[5]: large bandwidth, immunity to electromagnetic interference, reduced attenuation, low cost, reduced dimensions and greater reliability. The optical receivers can be based on direct detection orcoherent detection. In direct detection, the photodetector of the optical receiver generates a current that is proportional to the optical power that falls on it, in which case the information, which can be either analogue or digital, is encoded into the signal intensity. When it comes to digital transmission, the modulation that is used more frequently is OOK, where, ideally, the "0" bit corresponds to the absence of light and the "1" bit corresponds to the presence of light. In this case the pulses, in the NRZ form (non-return-to-zero – thepulse occupies the whole period of the bit) orRZ form (return-to-zero – the pulse only occupies a fraction of the bit period)must be, imperatively, unipolar. The NRZ pulses are used more often because they need a lesser electrical bandwidth from the receiver. However, in the case of non-linear propagation of solitons in the optic fibre, the pulses cannot have the NRZ form due to the width characteristics of the soliton type pulse. In this case RZ encoding is used where the light pulses do not occupy more than 20% to 25% of the bit period[6]. In coherent detection, information arrives at the optic receiver modulated on a carrier wave by "ASK" (Amplitude-Shift Keying), "FSK" (Frequency-Shift Keying) or "PSK" (Phase-Shift Keying). The coherent detection can also be heterodyne or homodyne. In both cases the receiver needs a local optical oscillator (laser diode), where the output is adequately "mixed" with the received optical signal so as to obtain the information contained in the optical carrier. Although good results have been obtained through coherent detection, direct detection is used more widely due to its simplicity. The option for direct detection was further promoted by the emergence of optical amplifiers, which bridged some of the weaknesses of this type of detection [7]. Although there are presently simulators for optical communications systems, as are the case of the Optiwave, VPIphotonics simulators and also the OptSim simulator from Rsoft, the development of new, easily accessible tools which are focused on certain more specific aspects of the study are, always, an added value to education, research and development in this area. 2. Simulator 2.1. Developing the Simulator The simulator was developed in four distinct phases: Analysis, Design, Implementation and Testing. The simulator was developed in Matlab language, also known as M-code, since it is a simple and very popular language in the education andresearch areas. The simulator can be run on computers with different operating systems (Windows, Linux, Solaris and Mac). To this effect, all you have to do is to launch the installation file "MCR" (Matlab Compiler Runtime). After the installation the computer does not need any version of Matlab to run the simulator. 2.2. Operating the Simulator The program starts with a Welcome window (Fig. 2.1) representing the simulator’s main menu. Figure 2.1. Simulator Main Menu. There are five buttons available on this menu, which are numbered 1 to 5 in Fig. 2.1,for easy reference: • Button 1 → Change of version (in this case, to the Portuguese version); • Button 2 → Isolated simulation of the EDFA preamplifier with optic filter; • Button 3 → Isolated simulation of the photodetector; • Button 4 → Isolated simulation of the electrical preamplifier and the equalizer; • Button 4 → Complete simulation of the optical receiver. When the user presses any of the buttons (with the exception of the change of version button) a new window opens where the requested simulation can be run. The windows of the different simulations will be displayed during the course of this article. 3. Optical Preamplification 3.1. Optical Amplifier The two main types of optical amplifiers are: semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOA) and doped-optical fibre amplifiers (DFA) [8]. The semiconductor optical amplifiers operate identically to the semiconductor lasers and present worse amplification characteristics than the doped-optical fibre amplifiers. The doped-optical fibre amplifiers are obtained by doping an optic fibre with chemical elements belonging to the "rare earth" group. The optical amplifier most used in recent years is the EDFA (Erbium Doped Fibre Amplifier) due to the simplicity of its manufacture, its easy coupling to the fibre and also due to the fact that its amplification spectrum coincides with the minimum of attenuation of the optic fibres, which corresponds to "1550 nm" [16]. The EDFA uses erbium in its ionic form (Er+3) to dope the fibre. 3.2. Optical Amplifier – EDFA The EDFA amplifier consists of a section of silica fibre with a nominal length ranging from 10 m to 30 m, doped with erbium ions (e.g. 1000 ppm). The doped fibre is pumped through a laser pump with a wavelength of 980 nm or 1 480 nm. 3.2.1. EDFA Gain According to ITU (International Telecommunications Union), 35 nm [9](from 1 530 nm to 1 565 nm) is considered to be a useful band of amplification of the EDFA. On the other hand, with the increase in power of the input signal, the EDFA gain diminishes. This effect is called gain saturation, and it occurs when the population inversion is significantly reduced due to the high number of photons of the input signal. So therefore, the EDFA gain may be expressed through the conservation of energy principle[8]: where "G0" represents the optical gain of the amplifier,"λp" is the wavelength of the laser pump, "λs" is the wavelength of the signal, "Pp,in" the maximum power of the laser pump and "Ps,in" is the power of the EDFA input signal. 3.2.2. EDFA Noise During the EDFA amplification process, the amplified spontaneous emission(ASE) takes place and some photons are transmitted when the carriers pass spontaneously to their fundamental level. These photons appear as noise at the amplifier output. Since there are two polarisation modes in the optic fibre and admitting that the noise power distributes itself equally in the two modes, the total noise power is given by [2]: where "PEAA" is the noise power for each polarisation mode, "SASE" represents the spectral density of the noise power, "B0" is the optical bandwidth, "nsp" is the spontaneous emission factor, "G0" is the amplifier optical gain, "h" is the Planck constant and "v"the frequency. The noise introduced by the optical amplifier is usually specified through the "F0" noise factor parameter [8]: When the gain of the optical amplifier is high, the expression (3.3) can still be simplified into: Replacing the expression (3.4) in (3.2) we obtain: The optical signal-to-noise ratioat the output of the optical amplifier can be defined by: where "OSNR" represents the optical signal-to-noise ratio. Bearing in mind that "Ps,out=G0Ps,in" and replacing the expression (3.5) in (3.6), we finally obtain: 3.3. Optical Filter As a form of reducing the power of the optical noise inserted by the optical amplifier, in the optical preamplifier, an optical filteris normally used an optical filter between the amplifier and the photodetector.The optical filter reduces the optical bandwidth and, consequently, reduces the power of the optical noise. The power transfer function of the optical filter is designated as transmittance. In the case of the simple cavity Fabry-Perot filter, the transmittance "TFP(f)", is given by [10]: where"R" represents the mirror reflectivity and "FSR" thefree spectral range which corresponds to the optical spectrum that exists between a given wavelength and its multiple. The transfer function of the optical filter is a periodical function in frequency, with a period equal to the free spectral range. 3.4. EDFA Preamplifier and Optical Filter Simulation The individual simulation of the optical preamplifier (Fig. 3.1), represented by an EDFA and an optical filter, allows the signal at the input, the connector used, the intrinsic parameters of the EDFA and the optical filter to be scaled. The variable parameters of the incident optical signal and connector are formed by the average optical power that reaches the connector, the path penalty, the wavelength, the bit rate, theextinction ratioand the optical connector losses.The value of the extinction ratio "r" corresponds to the ratio between the optical power of the logical level "0" and the optical power of the logical level "1": Since it is considered that in OOK digital modulation "Po,0<Po,1", then the extinction ratiovaries between "0<r<1". Figure 3.1. Simulation of the EDFA preamplifier with optical filter. It must be stressed that, in this simulation, the wavelength is limited to the third window or C band (between "1530nm" and "1565nm"), due to the limitations of the EDFA amplifier. With relation to the EDFA and the optical filter, the individual simulator allows the scaling of the following parameters: gain, noise figure,optical filter bandwidth, power of the laser pump and the wavelength used in pumping. In the results that are presented, the simulator uses the expressions above to process the variable parameters. The simulator presents graphically the results of the NRZ optical signal at the optical amplifier input (according to the defined parameters), as well as the signal power and noise power at the optical filter output. Values resulting from the optical signal-to-noise ratio, average signal power, logical level "1" power and the logical level "0" powerand amplified spontaneous emission factorpower brought in by the EDFA are shown. 4. Photodetector The photodetector is the element of the optical receiver that is responsible for converting the signal from the optical domain to the electrical domain, by means of the photo-electrical effect. Notwithstanding the diversity of photodetectors that exist, the PIN (Positive-intrinsic-Negative) and APD (Avalanche Photodiode) photodiodes are used, almost exclusively, in optical communications. These present improved characteristics, due to their reduced size, high sensitivity, fast response in time and low cost. 4.1. PIN Photodiode The PIN photodiode consists in a junction of "p-n" materials, separated by an intrinsic material. Ideally, the PIN photodiode originates a pair of electron-hole for each incident photon. However, in truth, not all incident photons in the semiconductor material are absorbed and, as a consequence, cannot generate electron-hole pairs. The opto-electrical conversionefficiency is called quantum efficiency, "η", and may be obtained by the following expression [8]: where "ip" is the electric current at the PIN photodiode output, "q" is the electric charge of an electron, "pi" is the optical power of the incident signal in the photodetector and "hv" is the energy of each photon. The quantum efficiencydepends on the wavelength of the incident optic signal, as well as the type of material used in manufacturing the photodetector. Another usual and very useful value that characterises the photodiode is its responsivity, "R0", which translates the relationship between the generated current and the incident power in the PIN photodiode [11]: By replacing the expression (4.1) in (4.2), we obtain the relationship betweenquantum efficiencyand responsivity: By analysing the expression (4.3) we can observe that the responsivityincreases with the wavelength, since there are more photons for the same incident optical power. However, from the critical wavelength "λc" on, the quantum efficiencyand the responsivitylowers to zero, since the material stops absorbing the incident optical power. 4.2. Avalanche Photodiode (APD) The APD is a photodiode with the capacitance to internally amplify the current generated during the photodetection process. The APD differs from the PIN photodiode due to the high polarisation voltages and the addition of one more type "p" layer in its structure. The APD operation is based on the ionisation by impact. The signal current at the APD output, "iAPD", is amplified by an "M" factor (avalanche gain) with relation to the primary current "ip" (current which corresponds to the primary carriers): The designation APDresponsivity, "RAPD", appears frequently in the manufacturers’ catalogues, corresponding to the ratio between the current at the APD output and the incident optical power in the same. The ratio between APDresponsivity and responsivity for the primary current "R0" is given by: 4.3. Photo Detection Noise without Optical Preamplification 4.3.1. Quantum Noise The generated photocurrent presents a random component "iq(t)", called quantum noise (also known as shot noise). Normally, in order to analyse the performance of an optical receiver we approach the quantum noise distribution with a Gaussian distribution with a zero mean value[11]. The photodiodes also generate a small current called dark current, which has its origin in the generation of electron-hole pairs through thermal effect. The contribution of this current may be included in the quantum noiseof the photodiode. Therefore the current variance of the quantum noise, "σq2", which corresponds to the mean-square value of the respective current, "˂iq2˃", at the photodetector output is given by [11]: where "q" is the electron charge, "ip" is the primary current at the photodetector output, "Id" is the dark current of the photodiode, "Be,n" is the equivalent noise bandwidth of the electrical part of the optical receiver (obtained from the transfer function of the circuit) and, finally, "F(M)" is the excess noise factor of the APD, which can be obtained from [13], [8], [3]: where "k" is an adimensional parameter for the different types of semi-conductor materials, which represents the ratio between ionisationby impactcoefficients of the electrons and the holes, or vice-versa, so that "0<k<1"; on the other hand, "x" represents a parameter that is characteristic of the type of the photodiode material which is obtained from experimental results. The expression (4.6) for calculating the APDquantum noise can be customised for the PIN photodiode, as long as "M=1" is considered. Bearing in mind the expression (4.2) and replacing it in the expression (4.6), we obtain the current variance of quantum noise in function of the incident optical power on the "pi" photodetector: 4.3.2. Circuit Noise The circuit noise comes from the resistive and active elements that are present in the optical receiver. For the isolated simulation of the photodetector we consider a circuit composed only by the photodiode and by a load resistor, "Rb", as we can see in Figure 4.1. Figure 4.1. Polarisation circuit of the photodiode. In this case, the circuit noise originates only from the thermal noise of the resistor, "Rb" (also referred, as Jonhson or Nyquist noise). Therefore, the current variance of the circuit noise of Fig. 4.1, "σc2", which corresponds to the mean-square value of the circuit noise current, "˂ic2˃", is given by [14]: where "kB" is the Boltzmann constant and "T" the absolute temperature (Kelvin). 4.4. Photo Detection Noise with Optical Preamplification The photodetection of a signal with optical preamplification is carried out through a photodiode without internal gain of the PIN type. When the optical signal is amplified before it is detected, it reaches the photodetector, already corrupted by the amplified spontaneous emission noise (ASE) that was introduced by the optical amplifier. During photodetection the ASE optical noisepower is converted into the electrical domain in parallel with the signal optical power. As a consequence, new forms of noise appear: signal-ASE beat andASE-ASE beat. Although the circuit noise remains constant, the variance of the quantum noise current is now calculates from [13]: where "2PASE" is the total ASE noise given by the expression (3.5), which also contributes to the quantum noise. On the other hand, the variances of thesignal-ASE beat noise "σ2s-ASE", andASE-ASE beat noise, "σ2ASE-ASE", currents, which correspond to the mean-square values of the corresponding currents, "˂i2s-ASE˃" and "˂i2ASE-ASE˃", are given by [15]: where "R0" is the responsivity, "SASE" is the spectral density of ASE noise power for each polarisation mode, "B0" is the optical bandwidth at the photodetector input and "Bbe,n" is the equivalent noise bandwidth of the electrical part of the optical receiver. It is assumed that the different forms of noises have a Gaussian distribution with zero mean value. Since the different types of noise are not correlated, the variance of the total noise current, "σn2", which corresponds to the mean-square value of the total noise current, is obtained from the sum of the different noise variances referred before: 4.5. Photodetector Simulation The individual simulation of the photodetector (Fig. 4.2) makes it possible to scale the incident optical signalin the photodetector as well as the intrinsic parameters and the load resistor. Figure 4.2. Photodetector Simulation. The variable parameters of the incident optical signal are made up by the average optical power, the wavelength,Bit Rate , extinction ratio and, in case the signal has been submitted to optical preamplification, the average noise power introduced by the amplifierand optical bandwidth of the amplifier or the optical filter. With relation to the photodetector, the individual simulator allows the type of photodiode, the scaling of its responsivity, its avalanche gain (in the case of APD), the corresponding dark current, the type of material, theelectrical capacitanceof the photodiodeand the load resistor to be chosen. The simulator presents immediately bandwidth at -3dB and the equivalent noise bandwidth. In the results that are presented, the simulator lets us view graphically the NRZ optical signal at the photodetectorinput (according to the defined parameters), the structure of the polarisation circuit of the photodiode, as well as the graphic of the photocurrent generated. The values resulting from the photocurrent are also presented with a mention of the existence or absence of inter-symbolic interference (ISI), as well as the signal-to-noise ratio, bearing in mind the power penalty due to the extinction ratio, the value of the power of the different types of noise (circuit, quantum, signal-ASE beat andASE-ASE beat) the optical powers of the "0" and "1" logical levels and the corresponding generated photocurrents. 5. Electrical Preamplifier Usually the signal at the photodetector output is very weak and it needs a low noise amplification in order to be adequately processed. The electrical preamplifier changes the small photocurrent generated by the photodiode into voltage. Since noise increases with bandwidth, there must be a compromise between the two in order to optimize the performance of the receiver. The three most used configurations of the preamplifier are: voltage amplifier (also known as low impedance amplifier), high impedance amplifier and transimpedance amplifier. 5.1. Voltage Preamplifier The voltage preamplifier, or low impedance preamplifier, has the structure represented in Fig. 5.1. Figure 5.1. Structure of the voltage(or low impedance)preamplifier. In this type of configuration the current generated in the photodetector originates a voltage at the terminals of the resistor "Rb" (with typical values around 50Ω). This voltage is amplified by the operational amplifier with an "A" open-loop gain. In practice, the photodetector has a parasite capacitance associated with its junction ("Cd") and the amplifier has aninputimpedance given by the parallel combination of "Ra" and "Ca". Therefore, the transfer function of the circuit in Fig. 5.1 is given by the following expression: where "RT" is the total resistance obtained from "RT =Rb//Ra=(RbRa)/(Rb+Ra)"; on the other hand, "CT" represents the total capacitance of the circuit which is obtained from "CT= Cd//Ca= Cd+Ca". The value of the resistance "Rb" is fundamental for the value of the circuit noise coming from this type of preamplifier configuration. When the circuit noisecurrent ("ic") passes through the electrical preamplifier it is translated into a noise voltage ("vc"), through the transimpedance gain of the electricalpreamplifier (obtained from the low frequency transfer function). Therefore, the variance of the circuit noisevoltage,"σc2", which corresponds to the mean-square value of the circuit noise voltage "˂vc2˃", at the voltage preamplifier output, is obtained from: where "Fn" is the noise factor of the amplifier (since the electric components that are present in the operational amplifier also contribute to the circuit noise) and "RTA" is the transimpedance gain of the voltage preamplifier, obtained from the expression (5.1) for "f=0". 5.2. High Impedance Preamplifier The high impedance preamplifier has a structure that is very similar to the configuration of the voltage amplifier mentioned earlier. However, this configuration includes, also, an equalizer, as can be seen in Fig. 5.2. Figure 5.2. Structure of the high impedance preamplifier. The high impedance preamplifier is based on the same principle as the voltage amplifier.However, in this case, the resistor "Rb" has high values (in the kΩ range) guaranteeing a low thermal noise generated by the same. However, this type of configuration requires the use of an equalizer to compensate the reduction in bandwidth derived from the increase of the resistor "Rb". The transfer function of the circuit of Fig. 5.2 is given by the following expression: When scaling the equalizer, it is necessary that the equalizer zero matches the preamplifier pole, that is, "R1=RT" e "C1=CT" in order to obtain a perfect equalising. The high impedance preamplifier with equalizer is less noisy than the voltagepreamplifier, since the resistor "Rb" has higher values. The noise introduced by the resistive elements of the equalizercan be discarded, since the signal, when it reaches the equalizer, is already amplified. Therefore, the voltage variance of the circuit noise, "σc2", which corresponds to the mean-square value of the circuit noise voltage "˂vc2˃", at the equalizeroutput, is obtained from: where"RTA[R2/(R1+R2)]" is the transimpedance gain of the high impedance preamplifier with equalizer, which is obtained from the expression (5.3) for "f=0". 5.3. Transimpedance Preamplifier The transimpedance preamplifier has the structure presented in Fig. 5.3. Figure 5.3. Structure of the transimpedance preamplifier. This type of configuration was developed to obtain a large bandwidth with low noise. Taking into account the capacitance of the photodiode, "Cd", as well as the input impedance of the amplifier("Ra" and "Ca"), the transfer function for this type of configuration is given by [17]: where the equivalent resistance "Req" is obtained from: .6) Observing the previous expression we can see that if the open-loop gainof amplifier "A" is high, then "Req≈Rf". Just as with the previous configurations, the electrical components present in the operational amplifier also contribute to the circuit noise. The noise factor of the amplifier, "Fn", is used to quantify this noise. Therefore, the variance of the voltage of the circuit noise, "˂vc2˃", at the output of the transimpedance preamplifier is obtained from: where "-A/(A+1)Req" is the transimpedance gain, obtained from the expression (5.5) for "f=0". 5.4. Simulation of the Electrical Preamplifier The isolated simulation of the electrical preamplifier (Fig. 5.4) allows the optical signal at the photodetector output to be scaled, as well as the intrinsic parameters of the electrical preamplifier and equalizer. Figure 5.4. Simulation interface of the electrical preamplifier. The variable parameters of the signal at the photodetector output are the photocurrent value for "0" and "1" logical levels and the corresponding bit rate. With relation to the electrical preamplifier parameters, the individual simulator allows for the choice of the type of amplifier (voltage, high impedance or transimpedance), the junction capacitance of the photodiode, load resistor, feedback resistance, amplifier input capacitance,amplifier open-loop gain, amplifier noise figureand the values of the components of the equalizer("R1", "R2" and "C1"). The simulator allows for the automatic adjustment of the equalizer values to a perfect equalization and makes it possible to display theBode diagram, according to the transfer functionresulting from the type of amplifier chosen and the values introduced. In the results that are presented, the simulator shows graphically the NRZelectrical signal at the electrical preamplifierinput (according to the defined parameters), the circuit structureaccording to thechosen type of configuration, as well as the graphic of the resulting voltage at the output of the preamplifier orequalizer. The values resulting from the bandwidth at -3dB, the equivalent noise bandwidth, the mention if there is or no inter-symbolic interference (ISI), the signal-to-noise ratio (bearing in mind the penalty due to the extinction ratio), the transimpedance gain and the voltages generated for the "0" and "1" logical levels, are also presented. 6. Complete Optical Receiver The digital optical receiver, in addition to converting information from the optical domain into the electrical domain, also has the function of processing adequately the electric signal in order to recover the transmitted digital information with the minimum possible error[12]. Fig. 6.1 prepresents a simplified block structure of a digital direct detection optical receiver with optical preamplification. Figure 6.1. Simplified block structure of a digital optical receiver with optical preamplification. The performance of the optical receiver in digital transmission systems as is the case, is evaluated by the bit error probability, "Pe", which corresponds to the probability of incorrect decision or identification of a bit on the part of the optical receiver. The typical bit error probabilities of optical receivers in telecommunications systems are between 10-9 and 10-12[8]. 6.1. Bit Error Probability In the following analysis we shall consider that each bit of information corresponds to a binary symbol. In practice, the bit error probability can be obtained through the binary error ratio, BER, defined by the ratio between the number of error bits at the optical receiver output and the number of bits received in a determined period of time. The greater the number of bits received and considered in determining the BER, the more will its value approach the exact value of the bit error probability, "Pe". However, the value of the bit error probability may be calculated from the probability density functions of the voltage samples, "p(v\|1)" and "p(v\|0), at the input of the decision circuit. Figure 6.2. Probability density functions of the voltage samples for the "1" and "0" logical values,"p(v\|1)" and "p(v\|0)", respectively. Fig. 6.2 displays the fluctuations of the values of the voltage samples for the different logical levels. The decision circuit is responsible for comparing the value of each sample of the signal with a certain reference value, called decision voltage "VDec". Still in fig. 6.2, the probability of the decision circuit to commit errors, can be shown. "Prob(1\|0)" represents the probability that the decision circuit will decide for the logical value "1" when "0" was sent and, in turn, "Prob(0\|1)" represents the probability that the decision circuit will decide for the logical value "0" when "1" was sent. Considering that the symbols are equiprobable and that the voltage of generated noise is described by a Gaussian distribution with zero mean value, the bit error probability is given by [13]: where"erfc" is the complementary error function and "Q" is the quality factor. The "Q" factor is obtained from: where "V0" and "V1" are the average sample values for the "0" and "1" logical level, considering that the voltage samples were withdrawn at the optimum sampling instant of the signal and without inter-symbolic interference. On the other hand, "σ0" and "σ1", are the standard deviations of noise voltages for the different logical levels and which are obtained through the following expressions: where "σ2q,1" and "σ2q,0" represent the variance of the quantum noise voltage for the different logical levels, "σ2c" represents the variance of the noise circuit voltage, "σ2s-ASE,1" and , "σ2s-ASE,0" represent the voltage variance of the signal-ASE beat noise for the different logical levels and "σ2ASE-ASE" represents the voltage variance of the ASE-ASE beat noise. 6.2. Optical Receiver Simulation The simulation of the optical receiver (Fig. 6.3) allows the incident optical signal to be configured on the receiver, the optical preamplifier and optical filter (if it is considered), the photodetector, the electrical amplifier and the equalizer. The variable parameters of the incident optical signal and connector are made up by the average optical power that reaches the receiver, the path penalty, the wavelength, the Bit Rate, the extinction ratio and theoptical connector loss. With relation to the optical preamplifier and the optical filter, the simulator allows scaling of its gain, noise figure and also the bandwidth of the optical filter. Figure 6.3. optical receiver simulation interface. With relation to the photodetector, the simulator allows for the choice of the type of photodiode, the scaling of its responsivity, its avalanche gain (in the case of the APD), the choice of the type of material it is made of, and also allows the quantification of the dark current that is present in the photodiode. With relation to the parameters of the electrical amplifier and equalizer, the simulator allows the scaling of the bandwidth, the square root of the spectral density of noise power (a measure that is normally present in the catalogues of optical receivers) and the transimpedance gain. The simulator allows also, the display of the Bode diagram of the transfer function of the electrical preamplifier and equalizer, according to the introduced parameters. In the results that are presented, the simulator presents graphically the resulting signal at the input of the decision circuit, as well as the corresponding eye diagram. Voltage samples will be presented, extracted at the optimal sampling instant for the different logical levels. It is possible, also, to display the probability density functions of the voltage samples, as well as the optimum decision voltage.The values resulting from the bit error probability, the value of the signal-to-noise ratio (bearing in account the penalty due to the extinction ratio) and the values of the different types of noise that are present in the obtained signal (circuit, quantum, signal-ASE beat and ASE-ASE beat noise), are also presented. 7. Final Conclusions, Perspectives of Future Work and Original Contributions 7.1. Final Conclusions With relation to the developed software, it is to be stressed that it is fully original. There was a strong concern in creating a user-friendly graphical interface and, simultaneously, a functional interface. Controllers were implemented which, given the physical limitations and theoretical considerations, prevents the simulator user from taking certain options, by presenting warnings and giving the possibility of automatic correction of these same options. The results are presented numerically and graphically for a better and speedier analysis of the same. In order to increase the universe of potential users, the simulator was developed in two versions: Portuguese and English. Since the two versions are integrated into the simulator the change of version can be carried out in any of the windows displayed. The present simulator has a very important pedagogical side to it, since, by means of the variation of the input parameters, the output signal can be displayed, thus providing a solid training about the operation of this type of device. The simulator constitutes an alternative to the systems of real components in the following manners: • Economical – the conception and maintenance of real system laboratories is very expensive; • Quick – a simulation is performed in a few seconds, on real systems it could take days; • Portable – the simulations can be executed in any place with recourse to a single computer and its corresponding software; • Easy access – there is no need for access restrictions related with security and preservation of the integrity of real system laboratories. Taking into consideration the proposed objectives of this present article, we can conclude that these were fully accomplished. 7.2. Perspectives of Future Work This work may serve as a basis for future work in this so promising area. An interesting task would be the development of a simulator for coherent optical systems, where the information is modulated into a carrier through its amplitude "ASK", frequency "FSK" or phase "PSK". In this case the optical receiver would become more complex, requiring a local optical oscillator (laser diode), were the output is duly "mixed" with the optical signal received, in order to obtain the information contained in the optical carrier. Given the growing importance of optical communications in the world, the existence of this type of simulator is imperative, since it can contribute to a better understanding of the components of an optical communications receiver, improve the training capabilities and provide a friendly tool with easy upgrading for other types of components. 7.3. Original Contributions • The simulator developed for the IM-DD optical receiver contains several original contributions, as follows: • The graphical interface of the simulator was originally designed and implemented, following the strategies of Ben Schneidermann[18] and using the available tools of the programming languageMatlab[19]. This resulted in a functional and very user-friendly graphical interface. • For the simulation of the optical preamplifier a graphic was implemented which allows for the simultaneous display of the signal power and the noise power at the preamplifier output. This graphic gives the user a rapid perception of the quality of the signal. • In the simulation of the photodetector, the graphic of the response of the photodetector to the incident optical power was implemented. The graphic takes into account the noise and the impulsive response of the photodetector, according to the parameters inserted for the simulation. • The simulation of the electrical preamplifier and equalizer shows the Bode diagram of the different types of selected and scaled preamplifiers. An automatic scaling option of the equalizer was also implemented, in case the user intends to perform a perfect equalisation. • For the simulation of the complete optical receiver, in addition to the signal at the input of the decision circuit and the corresponding eye diagram, stand out the implementation of the graphic that allows for the display of the probability density functions of the samples of the different logical levels and, simultaneously, the optimum decision value. Stand out, also, the implementation of the calculation of the bit error probability of the receiver from the probability density functions of the samples, as well as the discriminated acquisition of the power of each of the different sources of noise. The author would like to thank Prof.ª Maria João Marques Martins and Prof. José Luís Gonçalves Correia da Mata for their assistance. GIOZZA, Willian F., CONFORTI, Evandro, WALDMAN, Hélio, "Fibras Ópticas – Tecnologia e Projeto de Sistemas", McGraw-Hill, São Paulo, Brasil, 1991 CARTAXO, A.V, Transmissão por fibra óptica, IST, Lisboa, Portugal, 2005 PIRES, J., "Sistemas de telecomunicações I", IST, Lisboa, Portugal, 1999 SMITH, David R., "Digital Transmission Systems", Third Edition, Kluwer Academic Publishers, USA, 2004 MARTINS, M. J., "Introdução às fibras ópticas", AEIST Press, 1997 MOLLENAUER, Linn F., GORDON, James P., "Optic Fibers- Fundamentals and Applications", Elsevier Academic Press, USA, 2006 GREEN, Paul E., "Fiber Optic Networks", Prentice Hall, New Jersey, USA, 1993 KEISER, Gerd, "Optical Fiber Communication", Third Edition, McGraw-Hill, Singapore, 2000 OLIVEIRA, Júlio César Rodrigues Fernandes, "Amplificadores Ópticos com Controle Automático de Ganho para Aplicação em Redes Ópticas Reconfiguráveis", Dissertação de Mestrado, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, 2007 PIRES, J., "Sistemas de Comunicação Óptica ", IST, Lisboa, Portugal, 1998 AGRAWAL, Goving P., "Fiber-Optic Communications Systems", Second Edition, Wiley-Interscience, USA, 1997 MARTINS, Maria João, PEREIRA, Marco Costa, "Estudo de DetectoresÓpticos com interesse para Aplicações Militares", Revista Proelium, IV Série nº4,pp.9-18,Academia Militar, Lisboa, 2006 AGRAWAL, "Goving P., "Lightwave Technology – Telecommunications Systems", Wiley-Interscience, New Jersey, USA, 2005 SALEH, B.E.A.,TEICH, M.C., "Fundamentals of Photonics", Wiley-Interscience, USA, 1991 CVIJETIC, Milorad, "Optical Transmission Systems Engineering", Artech House, Norwood, USA, 2004 MARTINS, Maria João, GARRIDO, P, ALMEIDA,V., "Desenvolvimento de um Simulador de Fibra Óptica", Revista Proelium, VI Série nº8, Academia Militar, Lisboa, 2007 KAZOVSKY, Leonid, BENEDETTO, Sergio, WILLNER, Alan, "Optical Fiber Communication Systems", Artech House, Norwood, USA, 1996 SHNEIDERMAN, Ben, "Designing the User Interface: Strategies for Effective Human-Computer Interaction", Addison-Wesley , Massachusetts,1992 (http://www.mathworks.com/)(September 15, 2009). Developing the Simulator Operating the Simulator Optical Preamplification Optical Amplifier Optical Amplifier – EDFA Optical Filter EDFA Preamplifier and Optical Filter Simulation Photodetector PIN Photodiode Avalanche Photodiode (APD) Photo Detection Noise without Optical Preamplification Photo Detection Noise with Optical Preamplification Photodetector Simulation Electrical Preamplifier Voltage Preamplifier High Impedance Preamplifier Transimpedance Preamplifier Simulation of the Electrical Preamplifier Complete Optical Receiver Bit Error Probability Optical Receiver Simulation Final Conclusions, Perspectives of Future Work and Original Contributions Final Conclusions Perspectives of Future Work Original Contributions PDF(1962K) Follow on us PUBLICATION SERVICE Join as an Editor-in-Chief Join as an Editorial Member Qualification & Requirement Ordering from SciencePG Science Publishing Group 548 FASHION AVENUE Tel: (001)347-688-8931 FOLLOW SciencePG Sitemap \| Terms & Conditions \| Privacy Policy \| Feedback \| Services \| Contact Us Copyright © 2012 -- 2016 Science Publishing Group – All rights reserved. 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__label__cc	0.523167	0.476833	Beware the Fake Google Chrome OS Download Gizmodo posted that an early version is available. Gizmodo is credible and respected, but the download is a fake. By Tony Bradley Google recently announced that it is developing its own operating system based around the Chrome web browser, named appropriately enough Chrome OS. For the past week there have been rumors circulating about a leaked version being available for download. Don't believe the hype. The 'leaked version' is a fake that is not related to Google at all. Even a trusted source like Gizmodo has perpetuated the myth that Chrome is available. Its tough when there is so much pressure to be the first to publish a breaking news story. Gizmodo recently reported a story of alleged Chrome operating system screen shots, but later updated the story to state that it was verified as a fake. Gizmodo pushed the story of the fake download with a story titled Google Chrome OS Now Available, Go Get It . The number of sites and individuals who are propagating the story is lending credibility to the false rumor. A quick scan of Twitter or a quick search of the Web will lead to all sorts of seemingly reputable sources talking about the availability of the Chrome OS beta. Most of the excitement though can be traced back to Gizmodo. It is a trusted source of breaking tech news and it doesn't take much for an announcement on Gizmodo to go viral on Twitter and blog sites. The site in question appears legitimate in so much as it is actually on the google.com domain. The site lists features like a GNOME desktop, Google Picassa integration, and a Flash Player plugin. It comes complete with a few Google logos scattered about. However, it is actually a product of Google Sites. Basically, someone created a page with Google Sites which points to sites.google.com and populated it with basic information about the Chrome OS which could be extracted from publicly available details Google has shared, then added a link to download some other completely unrelated tool. To be fair, the site owner did include a disclaimer at the bottom stating "Chrome OS is not related to Google. Service is provided by SUSE Studio. Seethe license." Google has since disabled the site for violating the Google Sites terms of service. Chrome sounds like it has promise, although the operating system market is a tough sell that is already filled with dominating players like Microsoft and Apple. Of course, Google hasn't shied away from head-to-head battles with either of those companies in other arenas like Web search, mobile phone operating systems, or web browsers. Be patient. The fervor over all things Google is remotely understandable, but Rome wasn't built in a day. Even Google will take some time to develop an actual operating system. When it is actually available, I am sure you will hear about it. In the meantime, if a guy in a dark alley whispers that he has an early version of Chrome OS available, there is good reason to be suspicious. Google may have shut down this fake Chrome OS site, but others are sure to follow. If it walks like a duck, and quacks like a duck, its probably a duck. Check your sources and exercise some common sense before you rush to download a fake, and potentially malicious, Chrome OS. Tony Bradley is an information security and unified communications expert with more than a decade of enterprise IT experience. He tweets as @PCSecurityNews and provides tips, advice and reviews on information security and unified communications technologies on his site at tonybradley.com . Posted by Unknown at Monday, November 02, 2009 Latest Microsoft patches cause black screen of dea... CIOs fear mass IT exodus following economic recove... World AIDS Day December 1, 2009 Creed for Riches Federal government using PS3 to crack pedophile pa... AMF bowls for customers with video sharing over ma... BDPA Detroit in the NEWS. The Top 100 Most Influential People in IT Cray blows by IBM to regain supercomputing crown Military wants lightweight fiber lasers f... FTC slaps contempt charge on BlueHippo 92% of firms don't care about PC recycling Damn the torpedoes: NASA, European Space agency wa... Lamp hijacks electricity from unused telephone jac... Wealth File Low voter turn out in Detroit despite hype of need...	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line16
__label__cc	0.519561	0.480439	Image by: Pete Souza Below are picks chosen by PRX editorial staff. Many more options available by using our search. Moyers & Company (Series) Produced by Moyers & Company Moyers & Company is an hour-long weekly series offering smart insight into issues that matter to America. BillMoyers.com and social media platforms will offer original, interactive content and access to a rich library of Moyers’ media work. Most recent piece in this series: Moyers & Company Show 352: The Children’s Climate Crusade From Moyers & Company \| Part of the Moyers & Company series \| 23:59 Moyers & Company Show 352: The Children’s ... Moyers & Company Playhead Volume level indicator With so many in Congress and state legislatures in denial or simply missing in action, and with the very agencies created to protect our environment hijacked by the polluting industries they were meant to regulate, it may turn out that the judicial system, our children and their children will save us from ourselves. The new legal framework for this crusade against global warming is called atmospheric trust litigation. It takes the fate of the Earth into the courts, arguing that the planet’s atmosphere – its air, water, land, plants and animals -- are the responsibility of government, held in its trust to insure the survival of all generations to come. It’s the brainchild of Bill Moyers’ guest this week on the final broadcast of the series Moyers & Company (Note that the BillMoyers.com website will continue). Mary Christina Wood is a legal scholar who wrote the book, “Nature’s Trust,” tracing this public trust doctrine all the way back to ancient Rome. It is, she writes, “a robust set of legal footholds by which citizens can hold their government officials accountable.” Wood tells Bill Moyers, “If this nation relies on a stable climate system, and the very habitability of this nation and all of the liberties of young people and their survival interests are at stake, the courts need to force the agencies and the legislatures to simply do their job.” “Climate is not just an environmental issue,” she continues. “This is a civilization issue. This is the biggest case that courts will get in terms of the potential harm and in terms of the urgency.” Mary Christina Wood teaches law at the University of Oregon and is founding director of that school’s Environmental and Natural Resources Law Program. Her theories are being used in several legal suits filed by the advocacy group Our Children’s Trust. Moyers & Company Show 352: The Children’s ... \| 23:59 Privacy exchange.prx.org Share this piece: Embed on your website: <script id='prx-p138768-embed' src='http://api.prx.org/p/138768/embed.js?size=full'></script> view all pieces in this series Generation Putin - Hour Special From Seattle Globalist \| Part of the Generation Putin series \| 59:01 It's been over 20 years since the collapse of the Soviet Union. Young people in Russia, Ukraine, Kazakhstan and Georgia are facing unemployment, democratic pressure, and the legacy of repression, while being influenced by the West, punk music, and the Pussy Riot trials. PRX sent a reporting team from the Seattle Globalist to explore the tensions in these countries, described by The Atlantic as 'uneasily suspended' between two political eras. Join host Brooke Gladstone for Generation Putin, an in-depth look at the millennial generation in the post-Soviet states. Seattle Globalist Join host Brooke Gladstone for Generation Putin, an in-depth look at the millennial generation in the post-Soviet states. Embed, stream and share the special and segments on SoundCloud. Generation Putin - Hour Special \| 59:01 <script id='prx-p89929-embed' src='http://api.prx.org/p/89929/embed.js?size=full'></script> RISE: Climate Change and Coastal Communities (Series) Produced by Claire Schoen RISE is a series of 3 hour-long radio documentaries about the impact of climate change on coastal cities. RISE: Part III Chuey’s Story From Claire Schoen \| Part of the RISE: Climate Change and Coastal Communities series \| 59:00 Claire Schoen Chuey Cazares has lived all of his 21 years in Alviso, a tiny hamlet jutting into the salt ponds at the southern tip of the San Francisco Bay. Part of a close, extended Chicano family, with hundreds of relatives living in town, Chuey works as a deck hand on a shrimp boat off Alviso's shores. His town's history — and its future — are defined by water. In the 1800's, farmers drained the aquifer, and the land sank thirteen feet below sea level. Then, the conversion of wetlands to salt ponds made the rivers back up during heavy rains and flooded Alviso. Now sea level rise from the Bay and more rain swelling the rivers threaten more frequent flooding. Chuey's family was traumatized by the last big flood in 1983, and although they fear the next one, they don't want to move anywhere else. Meanwhile, Mendel Stuart of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service is working to save Alviso by restoring wetlands. But who is Alviso being saved for? As the flood risk lessens, property values are increasing, making housing in Alviso unaffordable for Chuey and his relatives. And the wetlands conversion has driven his boss's lucrative shrimping business out of the salt ponds. While we must adapt to the impacts of climate change that we can no longer halt, Chuey's story dramatizes that climate change will create both winners and losers in the short term. RISE: Part III Chuey’s Story \| 59:00 President Obama's 2009 Inaugural Address From Public Radio Exchange (PRX) \| 18:32 Sworn in as the 44th president of the United States, President Obama spoke of a difficult journey ahead that may take years to see through. Before one of the largest crowds ever assembled on the National Mall, Obama also touched on terrorism, hard work, and the struggle for civil rights. Public Radio Exchange (PRX) I stand here today humbled by the task before us, grateful for the trust you have bestowed, mindful of the sacrifices borne by our ancestors. I thank President Bush for his service to our nation, as well as the generosity and cooperation he has shown throughout this transition. Forty-four Americans have now taken the presidential oath. The words have been spoken during rising tides of prosperity and the still waters of peace. Yet, every so often the oath is taken amidst gathering clouds and raging storms. At these moments, America has carried on not simply because of the skill or vision of those in high office, but because We the People have remained faithful to the ideals of our forbearers, and true to our founding documents. So it has been. So it must be with this generation of Americans. That we are in the midst of crisis is now well understood. Our nation is at war, against a far-reaching network of violence and hatred. Our economy is badly weakened, a consequence of greed and irresponsibility on the part of some, but also our collective failure to make hard choices and prepare the nation for a new age. Homes have been lost; jobs shed; businesses shuttered. Our health care is too costly; our schools fail too many; and each day brings further evidence that the ways we use energy strengthen our adversaries and threaten our planet. These are the indicators of crisis, subject to data and statistics. Less measurable but no less profound is a sapping of confidence across our land – a nagging fear that America’s decline is inevitable, and that the next generation must lower its sights. Today I say to you that the challenges we face are real. They are serious and they are many. They will not be met easily or in a short span of time. But know this, America – they will be met. On this day, we gather because we have chosen hope over fear, unity of purpose over conflict and discord. On this day, we come to proclaim an end to the petty grievances and false promises, the recriminations and worn out dogmas, that for far too long have strangled our politics. We remain a young nation, but in the words of Scripture, the time has come to set aside childish things. The time has come to reaffirm our enduring spirit; to choose our better history; to carry forward that precious gift, that noble idea, passed on from generation to generation: the God-given promise that all are equal, all are free, and all deserve a chance to pursue their full measure of happiness. In reaffirming the greatness of our nation, we understand that greatness is never a given. It must be earned. Our journey has never been one of short-cuts or settling for less. It has not been the path for the faint-hearted – for those who prefer leisure over work, or seek only the pleasures of riches and fame. Rather, it has been the risk-takers, the doers, the makers of things – some celebrated but more often men and women obscure in their labor, who have carried us up the long, rugged path towards prosperity and freedom. For us, they packed up their few worldly possessions and traveled across oceans in search of a new life. For us, they toiled in sweatshops and settled the West; endured the lash of the whip and plowed the hard earth. For us, they fought and died, in places like Concord and Gettysburg; Normandy and Khe Sahn. Time and again these men and women struggled and sacrificed and worked till their hands were raw so that we might live a better life. They saw America as bigger than the sum of our individual ambitions; greater than all the differences of birth or wealth or faction. This is the journey we continue today. We remain the most prosperous, powerful nation on Earth. Our workers are no less productive than when this crisis began. Our minds are no less inventive, our goods and services no less needed than they were last week or last month or last year. Our capacity remains undiminished. But our time of standing pat, of protecting narrow interests and putting off unpleasant decisions – that time has surely passed. Starting today, we must pick ourselves up, dust ourselves off, and begin again the work of remaking America. For everywhere we look, there is work to be done. The state of the economy calls for action, bold and swift, and we will act - not only to create new jobs, but to lay a new foundation for growth. We will build the roads and bridges, the electric grids and digital lines that feed our commerce and bind us together. We will restore science to its rightful place, and wield technology’s wonders to raise health care’s quality and lower its cost. We will harness the sun and the winds and the soil to fuel our cars and run our factories. And we will transform our schools and colleges and universities to meet the demands of a new age. All this we can do. And all this we will do. Now, there are some who question the scale of our ambitions - who suggest that our system cannot tolerate too many big plans. Their memories are short. For they have forgotten what this country has already done; what free men and women can achieve when imagination is joined to common purpose, and necessity to courage. What the cynics fail to understand is that the ground has shifted beneath them – that the stale political arguments that have consumed us for so long no longer apply. The question we ask today is not whether our government is too big or too small, but whether it works – whether it helps families find jobs at a decent wage, care they can afford, a retirement that is dignified. Where the answer is yes, we intend to move forward. Where the answer is no, programs will end. And those of us who manage the public’s dollars will be held to account - to spend wisely, reform bad habits, and do our business in the light of day – because only then can we restore the vital trust between a people and their government. Nor is the question before us whether the market is a force for good or ill. Its power to generate wealth and expand freedom is unmatched, but this crisis has reminded us that without a watchful eye, the market can spin out of control – and that a nation cannot prosper long when it favors only the prosperous. The success of our economy has always depended not just on the size of our Gross Domestic Product, but on the reach of our prosperity; on our ability to extend opportunity to every willing heart – not out of charity, but because it is the surest route to our common good. As for our common defense, we reject as false the choice between our safety and our ideals. Our Founding Fathers, faced with perils we can scarcely imagine, drafted a charter to assure the rule of law and the rights of man, a charter expanded by the blood of generations. Those ideals still light the world, and we will not give them up for expedience’s sake. And so to all other peoples and governments who are watching today, from the grandest capitals to the small village where my father was born: know that America is a friend of each nation and every man, woman, and child who seeks a future of peace and dignity, and that we are ready to lead once more. Recall that earlier generations faced down fascism and communism not just with missiles and tanks, but with sturdy alliances and enduring convictions. They understood that our power alone cannot protect us, nor does it entitle us to do as we please. Instead, they knew that our power grows through its prudent use; our security emanates from the justness of our cause, the force of our example, the tempering qualities of humility and restraint. We are the keepers of this legacy. Guided by these principles once more, we can meet those new threats that demand even greater effort – even greater cooperation and understanding between nations. We will begin to responsibly leave Iraq to its people, and forge a hard-earned peace in Afghanistan. With old friends and former foes, we will work tirelessly to lessen the nuclear threat, and roll back the specter of a warming planet. We will not apologize for our way of life, nor will we waver in its defense, and for those who seek to advance their aims by inducing terror and slaughtering innocents, we say to you now that our spirit is stronger and cannot be broken; you cannot outlast us, and we will defeat you. For we know that our patchwork heritage is a strength, not a weakness. We are a nation of Christians and Muslims, Jews and Hindus – and non-believers. We are shaped by every language and culture, drawn from every end of this Earth; and because we have tasted the bitter swill of civil war and segregation, and emerged from that dark chapter stronger and more united, we cannot help but believe that the old hatreds shall someday pass; that the lines of tribe shall soon dissolve; that as the world grows smaller, our common humanity shall reveal itself; and that America must play its role in ushering in a new era of peace. To the Muslim world, we seek a new way forward, based on mutual interest and mutual respect. To those leaders around the globe who seek to sow conflict, or blame their society’s ills on the West – know that your people will judge you on what you can build, not what you destroy. To those who cling to power through corruption and deceit and the silencing of dissent, know that you are on the wrong side of history; but that we will extend a hand if you are willing to unclench your fist. To the people of poor nations, we pledge to work alongside you to make your farms flourish and let clean waters flow; to nourish starved bodies and feed hungry minds. And to those nations like ours that enjoy relative plenty, we say we can no longer afford indifference to suffering outside our borders; nor can we consume the world’s resources without regard to effect. For the world has changed, and we must change with it. As we consider the road that unfolds before us, we remember with humble gratitude those brave Americans who, at this very hour, patrol far-off deserts and distant mountains. They have something to tell us today, just as the fallen heroes who lie in Arlington whisper through the ages. We honor them not only because they are guardians of our liberty, but because they embody the spirit of service; a willingness to find meaning in something greater than themselves. And yet, at this moment – a moment that will define a generation – it is precisely this spirit that must inhabit us all. For as much as government can do and must do, it is ultimately the faith and determination of the American people upon which this nation relies. It is the kindness to take in a stranger when the levees break, the selflessness of workers who would rather cut their hours than see a friend lose their job which sees us through our darkest hours. It is the firefighter’s courage to storm a stairway filled with smoke, but also a parent’s willingness to nurture a child, that finally decides our fate. Our challenges may be new. The instruments with which we meet them may be new. But those values upon which our success depends – hard work and honesty, courage and fair play, tolerance and curiosity, loyalty and patriotism – these things are old. These things are true. They have been the quiet force of progress throughout our history. What is demanded then is a return to these truths. What is required of us now is a new era of responsibility – a recognition, on the part of every American, that we have duties to ourselves, our nation, and the world, duties that we do not grudgingly accept but rather seize gladly, firm in the knowledge that there is nothing so satisfying to the spirit, so defining of our character, than giving our all to a difficult task. This is the price and the promise of citizenship. This is the source of our confidence – the knowledge that God calls on us to shape an uncertain destiny. This is the meaning of our liberty and our creed – why men and women and children of every race and every faith can join in celebration across this magnificent mall, and why a man whose father less than sixty years ago might not have been served at a local restaurant can now stand before you to take a most sacred oath. So let us mark this day with remembrance, of who we are and how far we have traveled. In the year of America’s birth, in the coldest of months, a small band of patriots huddled by dying campfires on the shores of an icy river. The capital was abandoned. The enemy was advancing. The snow was stained with blood. At a moment when the outcome of our revolution was most in doubt, the father of our nation ordered these words be read to the people: Let it be told to the future world...that in the depth of winter, when nothing but hope and virtue could survive...that the city and the country, alarmed at one common danger, came forth to meet. America. In the face of our common dangers, in this winter of our hardship, let us remember these timeless words. With hope and virtue, let us brave once more the icy currents, and endure what storms may come. Let it be said by our children’s children that when we were tested we refused to let this journey end, that we did not turn back nor did we falter; and with eyes fixed on the horizon and God’s grace upon us, we carried forth that great gift of freedom and delivered it safely to future generations." President Obama's 2009 Inaugural Address \| 18:32 Barack Obama-The Remix From Peter Bochan \| Part of the Shortcuts series \| 54:17 A PRX favorite from 2008. The excitement of Barack Obama's first campaign for president, mashup-style. Peter Bochan Barack Obama - The journey to the White House, reMixed in words & music-introduced by Robert F. Kennedy and featuring Bill Cosby, Oprah Winfrey, John McCain, Chris Rock, Colin Powell, George W. Bush, Sarah Palin, Steve Harvey, Will. i. am, Hillary Clinton, The Pointer Sisters, The Drifters, John Legend, Homer Simpson, Moby, Bruce Springsteen, Ted Kennedy, FDR, The Little Rascals, Kevin So, Branford Marsalis, M.C. Yogi, Martin Luther King Jr, Sam Cooke, John Lewis, Quiet Village, David Letterman, Tim Russert. Katie Couric, Charles Gibson, Matt Damon, Roy Budd, Iron & Wine, Dephazz, Curtis Mayfield & The Impressions, The Edwin Hawkins Singers, various politicians, excited voters...and Barack Obama. Barack Obama-The Remix \| 54:17 Broken Borders: Immigration Reform in the Southwest (Series) Produced by Fronteras Desk A five part series from the Fronteras Changing America Desk on the broken parts of our immigration system and the prospects for reform. Back of the Line From Fronteras Desk \| Part of the Broken Borders: Immigration Reform in the Southwest series \| 04:01 Both the Senate and the President’s proposals for immigration reform agree the pathway begins in the “back of the line” — behind everyone who’s legally waiting. But, it turns out, there isn’t one line. There are many lines. And for some families, the wait is so long it’s going back in time. From the Fronteras Desk, John Rosman explains. Back of the Line \| 04:01	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line19
__label__wiki	0.881963	0.881963	Silicon Valley Summer Concert Guide In Music May 21, 2014 by Brandon Roos Tweet Coachella’s expansion to two weekends doesn’t really prove that more listeners than ever crave a weekend in a remote town at the mercy of desert weather, so much as it affirms the dominance of festivals in the summer’s musical landscape. The Bay Area and its more temperate climes is a principal stop for many such tours and the hometown, so to speak, of other fests. (Added bonus: unlike a certain SoCal desert extravaganza, purchasing tickets to most of these events does not require a payment plan.) One of the largest dance music festivals in the United States, Beyond Wonderland, makes its home in Silicon Valley. Funk pioneer Bootsy Collins headlines the annual San Jose Jazz Summer Fest and local, regional and national acts convene at the latest incarnation of C2SV Music Festival (a Metro affiliate). Just a short drive away, the Lightning in a Bottle Festival settles in Monterey County for its Northern California debut, First City Festival returns for its second year with Beck and the National, and Outside Lands is back with Kanye West and Tom Petty headlining another three-day party in Golden Gate Park. Pop’s reigning royal couple, Jay Z and Beyoncé, touch down in the Bay Area, and it’s a great summer to be a Beatles fan with Ringo Starr and Paul McCartney both making Bay Area appearances. May 23-25: Lightning in a Bottle After running into problems at two sites in SoCal, Lightning in a Bottle tests the Northern California market with three days of music in Bradley, about an hour and a half south of Monterey. The festivities get under way at San Antonio Recreation this Friday with Moby, Baauer and San Francisco DJ Claude Vonstroke headlining the festival’s three main stages. The party continues Saturday with Amon Tobin and Little Dragon before closing out Sunday with Phantogram, Beats Antique and The Gaslamp Killer. And for those looking to get realigned or commune with nature between performances, the festival also hosts the Lucent Temple of Consciousness with yoga, speakers and interactive exhibits highlighting personal improvement. (Matt Crawford) July 13: Ringo Starr at City National Civic Though his career has largely lingered in the shadows of his former Fab Four band mates, these past few years have been kind to former Beatle Ringo Starr. Beatles nostalgia has had a particularly good run recently, with Starr playing alongside Paul McCartney at the Grammys. They teamed up again a day later as part of a 50th anniversary celebration of the Beatles’ landmark TV appearance on The Ed Sullivan Show. An exhibit at the Grammy Museum was recently opened in Starr’s honor as well. But don’t get your hopes up if you’re itching for a “Hey Jude” sing-along at the City National Civic. Ringo will lead his All Starr Band, who’s supported him since 2012, through a set of mostly originals. Fun fact: ’70s singer-songwriter Todd Rundgren is listed among Starr’s ensemble. (Brandon E. Roos) July 17: San Jose’s Music in the Park San Jose summer destination Music in the Park halted as a weekly event after 2011, going dark in 2012, but it returned with a single, ticketed destination event last year. Latin favorites Ozomatli played to an eager crowd after local collective Sonido Clash opened festivities. For 2014, the San Jose Downtown Association has announced two events under the Music in the Park banner. Live 105 is presenting a “Then and Now” block party with The English Beat on July 17 in St. James Park. Two more acts will join the bill. Another summer staple, Pete Escovedo, headlines a night of Latin music at Plaza de Cesar Chavez, Music in the Park’s old stomping ground, on Aug 21. Escovedo will be supported by recent Grammy winners La Santa Cecilia, who played to a packed house at San Pedro Square Market in March as part of San Jose Jazz Winter Fest. (BER) July 27: Santana at Shoreline Carlos Santana and his namesake group have carved out a career as one of the Bay Area’s best known musical acts. Santana’s signature tone has earned him worldwide acclaim and a slew of Grammys, most notably for 1999’s Supernatural. His 22nd album, the recently released Corazón, jumps headfirst into the rhythms and energy of Latin music—always an element of the band’s sound, just not the focal point. The guest-filled album includes appearances by Gloria Estefan, Lila Downs, Ziggy Marley and Wayne Shorter. Count on a concert highlighting standouts from Corazón in addition to an extensive list of fan favorites compiled over the years. (BER) July 30: Arcade Fire at Shoreline Fueled by the studio influence of LCD Soundsystem’s James Murphy and inspired by a trip to Haiti, Montreal outfit Arcade Fire came up with an album last year that, surprisingly, made listeners want to dance. Reflektor moves past the moody, baroque indie rock that gained them notoriety on their iconic debut, Funeral, and its follow-up, Neon Bible. The more subdued, accessible The Suburbs helped them enter mainstream consciousness when it scored Album of the Year at the 2011 Grammy Awards (we appreciate the effort, Grammy committee, but you were still late to the game). Their July performance kicks off a number of California dates, and will be their first appearance since closing the Main Stage at Coachella. (BER) August 5-6: Jay Z & Beyonce at AT&T Park The power couple assures us that the viral elevator incident, where Bey’s younger sister, Solange, tried to judo chop and kick a tuxedoed Jay Z, was just a normal family problem—it’s happened to everyone, right? They didn’t waste any time after the security video was leaked to TMZ to announce the next day a second summer concert at AT&T Park. The duo should offer plenty more fireworks on stage with a collective catalog that features some of the biggest hits of the past 10 years. (MC) August 8-10: San Jose Jazz Summer Fest San Jose Jazz continues its liberal definition of jazz (that’s a good thing) with funk icon Bootsy Collins headlining the festival’s main stage this year. Bootsy’s outlandish outfits and custom shades almost overshadow his music, but his résumé speaks for itself, with stints playing for James Brown and George Clinton’s Parliament-Funkadelic before going solo. Other highlights include Latin jazz originators Jerry González and the Fort Apache Band, Con Funk Shun and Pacific Mambo Orchestra. (MC) August 8-10: Outside Lands Music Festival The normally conservative organizers for Outside Lands took a little risk this year naming polarizing, future Kardashian-by-marriage Kanye West as a headliner this year. Despite the expected backlash from Kanye haters, the festival sold out in record time with all three-day general admission tickets purchased in just 24 hours. Tom Petty (a headliner at the debut festival), The Killers, Macklemore & Ryan Lewis and Tiësto are among the nearly 60 other acts performing at the festival. (MC) August 14: Paul McCartney at Candlestick Park San Francisco’s loss is Santa Clara’s gain as the 49ers kick off their first season in the South Bay at Levi’s Stadium later this year, but San Francisco gets style points for its Candlestick Park sendoff with Paul McCartney, who last played the stadium in 1966 at the Beatles’ last concert ever. We’re guessing the set will be similar to his performance at Outside Lands in 2013—Beatles hits, songs from his band Wings and solo material, including tracks from his new album, appropriately titled New. (MC) August 23-24: First City Festival at Monterey Fairgrounds A product of Goldenvoice (the promoters behind Coachella), First City returns after a charming inaugural year that included Modest Mouse, Passion Pit and MGMT. The fest maintains its same sonic focus here, a good sign for the outing, which may still be trying to solidify its identity in a crowded festival landscape. Though there are names that are sure to touch on elements of R&B, soul and electronic, the main focus is still rock. Beck and the National headline, with other notables that include Best Coast, Phantogram, Cults and Lake Street Dive. If you’re looking to explore the lineup a bit further, check out the ambient R&B (sometimes derisively referred to as “PBR&B”) of How to Dress Well or the tight musicianship of Stones Throw Records’ artists the Stepkids. The latter is composed of three session musicians who pair their psychedelic explorations with far-out video projections—a must-see. September 10-14: C2SV at SoFA District C2SV Music Festival and Technology conference returns for its second year with five days of music and tech talks at its new home in the SoFA District. Lineup details are pending, but expect world-famous headliners and local favorites among the performers at local venues and an outdoor concert in the SoFA District. September 20-21: Beyond Wonderland at Shoreline Flower headdresses, neon and a general lack of clothing will all be in abundant supply when EDM spectacular Beyond Wonderland returns to Shoreline. After a successful inaugural run there last year, the fest expands its format to cover two full days. The lineup will likely feature the biggest names in EDM. Last year, radio staples Avicii, Calvin Harris and David Guetta shared the bill with unsung talents like Morgan Page and Cosmic Gate. Though Beyond Wonderland originated in San Bernardino, its only stop this year will be in the Bay Area, which could lead to a migration of dance die-hards from around the state converging on Mountain View. Tags: Summer Concerts Odesza Play Two Nights at Frost Amphitheatre Juice WRLD, T.I., and more at ‘Audiotistic’ ‘Friends Trivia’ at The Brit Queen + Adam Lambert at SAP Center Mason Razavi Organ Quartet at Art Boutiki	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line22
__label__wiki	0.733362	0.733362	US and Indian troops to begin training together for war (Photos: US and Indian troops sharing expertise during previous Yudh Abhyas exercises) Business Standard, 24th August 09 Since 2004, American GIs and Indian jawans have trained together to combat terrorists and insurgents. Now, the two armies are about to begin training to fight a war together. Underlining the growing military-to-military relationship, a US Army battalion group of several hundred soldiers and some 50 frontline Stryker armoured vehicles, will travel to India in October and train with Indian strike formation units at the Babina Field Firing Ranges near Jhansi. This exercise, named Yudh Abhyas 2009, will include live firing by heavy combat vehicles. It will be the first time mechanised units of an Indian strike corps, which bases its power on T-72 and T-90 tanks, BMP-II infantry combat vehicles, missiles and 155-mm medium artillery guns, will train or share expertise with any foreign army. The Indian units taking part will be selected from the Jhansi-headquartered 31 Armoured Division. The annual Yudh Abhyas exercises (which US soldiers are told is pronounced as “You da Boss”) kicked off in March 2004, when 60 Indian jawans and 55 US soldiers from Alaska jointly raided mock insurgent hideouts in the jungles of Mizoram. Since then, Yudh Abhyas has expanded each year in size, scope and complexity. Last November, in Yudh Abhyas 08, an Indian Air Force IL-76 aircraft had flown a company (120 soldiers) of Indian jawans to Hawaii for training in counter-insurgency with US soldiers of the US Pacific Command. Their simulated operations were controlled by India’s 49 Infantry Brigade, which set up a command post in Hawaii as part of the exercise. But Yudh Abhyas 2009 will impart a different trajectory to the military-to-military relationship. This is no longer about raids on insurgent hideouts or terrorist camps; strike corps training is for fighting a full-scale war together. This year, American and Indian mechanised forces will synchronise operations, planning, manoeuvring and firing together to capture a simulated objective. Senior Indian Army officers have confirmed to Business Standard that the US Army Stryker vehicles and crews will be transported to India by sea. They will come from the US Pacific Command, or US PACOM, which is headquartered in Hawaii and which oversees US military interests from the US west coast to the western border of India. Starting from Pakistan, and extending across West Asia, the US Central Command (CENTCOM) is responsible for American military interests. The wars in Iraq and Afghanistan are under the jurisdiction of CENTCOM. Approached for their comments on Yudh Abhyas 09, the Hawaii-based USPACOM has not responded. But speaking off the record, senior US Army officers have expressed satisfaction at what they term a “quantum jump” in the US-India military relationship. One US officer notes, “Singapore armoured units have come earlier to Babina to fire their tanks since they don’t have the space to practise in Singapore. Similarly, Singapore air force fighter aircraft fire in Pokhran and artillery units fire near Nashik. But this is not just about firing. Yudh Abhyas 09 will see the two armies practising how to fight a full-scale war together. And the engagement will only grow closer.” Labels: defence planning, Indian Army, region, strategy, US military The Broadsword community MMRCA selection Photo: A cutaway of the F-35 Joint Strike Fighter. This aircraft is not in contention in India's MMRCA tender. Many visitors to Broadsword have expressed strong views on the ongoing selection process for India’s proposed Medium Multi-Role Combat Aircraft (MMRCA). But do we really need an MMRCA and, if so, what kind? Let’s examine this 11 billion dollar question on Broadsword, based not upon gut reactions but on a cold assessment of our needs and our means. I invite visitors to post on this subject. Let’s break down the decision-making into the following heads: How many squadrons does the Indian Air Force (IAF) need? In October 1962, the Government of India sanctioned 45 squadrons for the IAF, which was later stepped up to 65 squadrons (both these included transport and air observation squadrons). An expert committee later suggested that the IAF needed 39.5 combat squadrons. Given our operational requirements (which need to be quantified), and the strength of our likely adversaries, what is our reasonable requirement of combat squadrons? Force multiplication To what extent would the introduction of force multipliers --- e.g. AWACS, network-centricity, satellite surveillance, etc --- reduce our requirement of squadrons? Please quantify. Light, Medium and Heavy fighters How should this total requirement be broken down into light, medium and heavy combat aircraft? After breaking down the requirement, calculate (squadron by squadron) obsolescence schedules and when aircraft of a squadron must be phased out. That will give you a chronological map of when you need different types of aircraft. Fleet structure and types What would be the best mix of aircraft that would allow commonality of parts (and hence ease of backup and servicing); interoperability; and operational flexibility. ALL THIS WILL PROVIDE REASONABLE PREMISES BASED UPON WHICH WE CAN CALCULATE OUR REQUIREMENT OF MMRCA’s. Give your inputs. Everyone's ideas are completely valid. Labels: defence planning, Defence Production, Indian Air Force, LCA, MMRCA, Ordnance factories, Private Sector A detailed look at the Car Nicobar class Water Jet Fast Attack Craft (WJ-FAC), being produced at GRSE Kolkata (Photos: courtesy Ajai Shukla) Photo 1 : A view of the INS Cheriyam WJ-FAC from front and left. Photo 2 : The yard plate in the bridge of the INS Cheriyam Photo 3 : Inside the bridge on the INS Cheriyam Photo 4 : A view of the three water jets on the INS Kondul Photo 5 : A close up of the water jets on the INS Kondul Photo 6 : The gun controls for the CRN 91 cannon, and the spring-mounted gyro in the bridge Photo 7 : A look at the 2800 Kilowatt MTU engine, three of which power the Car Nicobar class WJ-FAC Labels: Defence Production, Indian Navy, Private Sector, shipbuilding, strategy Gearbox problems delay the Car Nicobar class Fast Attack Craft: Coastal security faces shipbuilding delays Photo 1 : INS Cheriyam, the third Water Jet driven Fast Attack Craft (WJ-FAC) of the Car Nicobar class, berthed at GRSE. Photo 2 : The forward deck of INS Cheriyam; the 30 mm cannon is mounted below the bridge. Photo 3 : A closer look from starboard at INS Cheriyam. The superstructure is made of aluminium to reduce weight. Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers, Kolkata India’s coastal and maritime problems are growing faster than the fleet of ships needed to deal with them. Here in Kolkata, at Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers (GRSE), two newly built patrol ships have lain for two months, waiting for collection by the Indian Navy. But the admirals insist: first meet the navy’s performance requirements. Meanwhile, Defence Minister AK Antony travels on Thursday to the Maldives to extend India’s maritime security network to that island nation. And an unauthorised North Korean freighter, espied lurking in Indian waters off the Andaman Islands early this month, underscores the urgent need for more patrolling GRSE, India’s second-biggest defence shipyard, got a Rs 514 crore order in March 2006 to build ten Water Jet propelled Fast Attack Craft (WJ-FACs), whose high-tech German MTU water-jet engines could propel these sleek vessels through the water at 65 kmph, tackling threats along the coastline for up to 3600 km without refuelling. After the Mumbai attacks on 26/11, the need for such craft was felt more than ever. The first two WJ-FACs --- INS Car Nicobar and INS Chetlat --- were press-ganged into the navy in February 09, even though they were restricted to just 50 kmph by flawed gearboxes supplied by Kirloskar Pneumatic Company Limited (KPCL). But now the navy has refused to accept the next two WJ-FACs --- INS Kora Divh and INS Cheriyam --- until KPCL rectifies the transmission systems that it had developed and supplied to GRSE. Rear Admiral KC Sekhar, GRSE Chairman and Managing Director, told Business Standard that KPCL had already supplied 30 defective gearboxes (three go into each WJ-FAC), but had now taken some back to diagnose and resolve the problem. “I expect three gearboxes to come back very shortly”, said Admiral Sekhar, “And we have a commitment from KPCL that they will be responsible for their product. Any additional expenditure incurred will be their responsibility.” KPCL is unlikely, however, to pick up the tab for the growing expenditure on trials. And GRSE supervisors say the morale of workers --- who are pushed hard to get vessels ready for on-time delivery --- suffers when buyers reject a completed ship. KPCL has not responded to repeated requests for their comments. As coastal security grows in importance, the Indian Navy and the Coast Guard are acquiring greater numbers of patrol vessels and attack craft. These smaller, lightly armed vessels, like the Car Nicobar Class WJ-FACs, are lighter, cheaper, easier to build, and better suited for coastal surveillance than the capital warships --- corvettes, frigates and destroyers --- that are designed and built for war. Vice Admiral Arun Kumar Singh, who until recently commanded the Eastern Naval Command in Vishakhapatnam points to the growing importance of coastal security: “The term ‘a balanced Navy’ has now acquired a different meaning altogether; a ‘brown water’ coastal force is as relevant and essential as a ‘blue water’ force. In recent years, the navy has built 7 Sukanya Class offshore patrol vessels (OPVs), one of which was sold to Sri Lanka; 4 Trinkat Class fast patrol vessels (FPVs), one of which was given to Maldives and one to Seychelles; 7 Super Dvora Mark II class FPVs; and 4 Bangaram Class fast attack craft (FACs). In addition, four Saryu Class offshore patrol vessels are being built by Goa Shipyard Limited. The 10 Car Nicobar class WJ-FACs, with their ability to react quickly at high speeds, are purpose designed for coastal security. These 50 metres long, 600-tonne vessels are crewed by 35 sailors. Each WJ-FAC is armed with a 30 mm CRN-91 automatic cannon that can engage targets up to 3 kilometers away. Labels: Defence Production, Indian Navy, Internal security, Private Sector, shipbuilding Duel in the sky: Testing the MMRCAs and rating their chances Photo 1: An aerial shot of Leh airfield. The fighter pens can be clearly seen. Photo 2: The Gripen NG fighter, perhaps the contender with the best chance in the MMRCA competition. Photo 3: (courtesy Boeing) Two F/A-18s, carrying out air-to-air refuelling over the United States. Photo 4: The Dassault Rafale, which is the only MMRCA contender never to have flown in India. Over the preceding weeks, two Indian Air Force aces have busied themselves with what might well be the world’s most expensive video game: sitting at a simulator in the US and learning to fly one of the world’s most advanced fighters: Boeing’s F/A-18 Super Hornet. After the simulator came an even greater adrenaline rush: strapping into a real Super Hornet, gunning its twin F-414 turbofan engines into a deafening roar and hurtling into the sky at speeds touching 2000 kmph. But this was no game. Through the coming fortnight, those pilots will test-fly the Super Hornet in India, scrutinising every aspect of its performance to decide whether it meets the IAF requirements for a Medium Multi-Role Combat Aircraft (MMRCA) to defend Indian skies, and support Indian ground troops, over the next four decades. There are six contenders for this massive Indian tender for 126 medium fighters, an order worth some $11 billion dollars. Besides Boeing’s F/A-18 Super Hornet, Lockheed Martin has offered the F-16IN Super Viper; there’s the MiG-35 from Russia’s RAC MiG; the Rafale, offered by French company, Dassault; the Gripen NG, from Sweden’s Saab; and the Eurofighter Typhoon offered by a four-nation European consortium. Over the next 8 months four IAF pilots will fly and fire all six fighters to evaluate which of them meet --- in every way --- the stringent requirements spelt out in the tender. This duel has been in the making for a full 8 years. That’s how long it has taken India’s notoriously sluggish Defence Ministry to frame its requirements, issue a global tender, and do a paper evaluation of the six responses that were received. Now the ball is in the IAF’s court; it is time to see how the aircraft perform in the air. Being tested first, over the next two months, will be the two American fighters and the Russian Mig-35. Then, after a five-month winter break, the three European aircraft will be put through their paces. The world’s toughest testing ground The Indian Air Force (IAF) has assembled a team of its hottest top guns for evaluating the six fighters in the fray. Overseeing the entire testing process will be Air Commodore Rakesh Dhir, the Principal Director, Air Staff Requirements at IAF Headquarters. He will have two separate teams to do the actual flight-testing. One will test the two US fighters --- the F/A-18 and the F-16IN --- and the Russian MiG-35. The other team will be responsible for evaluating the three European aircraft: the Gripen, the Rafale, and the Eurofighter. These teams will vie to uphold India’s reputation as the world’s toughest testing ground for military equipment. Each of the six fighters will fly in three types of terrain: hot and humid Bangalore, the desert heat of Jaisalmer, and the freezing high altitude desert of Ladakh. Any failure anywhere could signal the end of a campaign that will set back each of the contenders around $25-30 million. Two Boeing F/A-18 will land this weekend at Bangalore, the home of India’s secretive flight testing agency, the Aircraft and Systems Testing Establishment. Like Boeing, each contending company plans to bring in at least two fighters, in case of technical problems. Accompanying the fighters will be fully equipped maintenance teams to iron out niggles daily, after the Indian test pilots finish throwing their fighters around the sky. Jaisalmer: heat and dust After the testing in Bangalore, each team will travel for two days to Jaisalmer to test aircraft performance in the desert heat. During the Jaisalmer leg, each contender will also drop unguided bombs at a ground target placed in the Pokhran Range. But the really high-tech weaponry --- guided by radar, infrared or laser --- will be tested in each aircraft’s home base. Switching on airborne radar is a strict no-no when there is the remotest possibility of it being recorded by a foreign country. An aircraft’s radar signal is as unique to it as a fingerprint is to an individual. Every major air force, India’s included, maintains a worldwide “library” of radar signals; aircraft in those libraries can be quickly identified whenever they switch on their radar. But the sting has been taken out of the desert trials; the summer is practically over. Months of MoD inactivity, caused by the general elections, has resulted in “hot weather” trials being scheduled in a balmy 35-40 degrees Centigrade, rather than the searing 50 degree heat of a real Jaisalmer summer. Officials from Eurofighter, which sailed through summer trials in the Saudi Arabian desert, grumble that the MoD lost an opportunity to discover the contenders vulnerabilities. Ladakh: hot and high From Jaisalmer, the fighters head for what could be the trickiest part of the trials: the “Hot and High” trials at the spectacular Leh airfield, in Ladakh. On the face of it, there isn’t much to do in Leh: each fighter must land with a specified load of weapons and fuel; switch off its engines and systems; the pilot must alight and do a quick visual check of his aircraft, during which the cold starts to seep into the aircraft components; then after getting back inside, he must start up the fighter’s engines and systems, without external help, and then take off. Sounds simple! But this is the phase that is giving the contenders nightmares. At 10,682 feet, which is the altitude of Leh airfield, oxygen levels are so low that there is a real danger of the aircraft engines not starting up after they are switched off. And, once started, the oxygen-starved engines will strain to lift the fighters off that short airfield, even with a reduced payload that would be child’s play at sea level. The testing teams: IAF top guns A specially selected IAF test pilot of the rank of Group Captain will head each of the two test teams. He will actually fly each of the three fighters that he is responsible for evaluating. Flying in tandem with him will be another junior pilot; it will quickly become clear whether the fighter can be handled comfortably by a less experienced pilot. Each team will also include a clutch of technicians: an avionics system engineer to check high-tech gadgetry like the on-board electronic warfare equipment; a flight test engineer for performance related issues; and a maintenance engineer to observe how much maintenance each fighter needs before and after each sortie. Making up the rest of each 8-10 person team will be: a logistician to evaluate how easily the spare parts and consumables can be kept flowing; technicians from Hindustan Aeronautics Limited, where the fighter will eventually be built; and officials from certification and quality assurance agencies. Who wins, who loses? The MoD rulebook that governs defence purchases --- the Defence Procurement Policy of 2008 --- reduces the medium fighter competition to three simple steps. Firstly, the IAF specifies exactly the performance it wants from its proposed medium fighter. Next, it flies and evaluates all the aircraft on offer to see which ones meet all those requirements; and finally, the MoD buy the cheapest of those that qualify. The most challenging of these steps is the first. Each detail of a fighter’s performance --- the runway length it must take off in; its rate of climb; turning radius; maximum and minimum speeds; range of operation; the weapons payload, its radar pickup; and dozens of similar parameters --- must be painstakingly quantified. Once all those are down in black and white, Step 2 becomes easy: the IAF test pilots fly each aircraft, checking each parameter one by one to see whether it matches up to what the IAF has laid down. The fighters that fail to meet the bill are eliminated from contention. But there’s a hitch in the medium fighter competition, a problem of plenty! If the aircraft companies are to be believed, there’s a good possibility that all six aircraft might qualify. That would make the price the final determinant. The cheapest aircraft --- with costs calculated over its entire life of 30-40 years --- will walk away with the order. This situation has arisen because the IAF has --- to use an automobile analogy --- set out to buy a Maruti-type car, but invited Rolls Royce, Jaguar, BMW and Audi to the bidding, along with Maruti and Hyundai. Four of the fighters in the fray (F/A-18, MiG-35, Eurofighter and Rafale) are expensive, two-engine powerhouses in the 25-30 tonne range. The other two (F-16IN and Gripen) are single-engine aircraft and, therefore, lighter (15-20 tonnes) and cheaper. And since avionics, sensors, radars and missiles are compact and light, the single-engine fighters are almost as combat-capable as their bigger rivals. Experts agree that if the MoD plays by the rules, the Swedish Gripen --- the lightest and apparently cheapest contender --- will walk away with the contract. The single-engine F-16IN may be very close behind. The superior range and weapons payload of the heavier fighters will earn them no brownie points for being far better than the tender requirements. To return to the automobile analogy, if the buyer specifies a top speed of at least 100 kmph, the Jaguar and the Audi get no credit for clocking twice that speed. If the Maruti can clock 100 kmph, it will be selected being the cheapest. But the vendors fielding the twin-engine behemoths are confident about their chances. Admitting that their purchase price may be higher, they declare that when the “Cost of Ownership” is calculated over 30-40 years, their lower maintenance and spare parts costs, and higher aircraft availability will tilt the economics in their favour. And Eurofighter chief, Bernhard Gerwert, told Business Standard in Delhi last week that superlative flying and combat performance would definitely count. He said, “The feedback that we have gotten after meetings in Delhi with the MoD and the IAF is that they will test more than just compliance with the tender. The IAF will take into account the performance excellence of each aircraft.” The IAF, however, flatly refutes this. Senior officers say there are no extra points for exceeding the requirements by, say, 50%. Testing will be confined to a “Compliance Matrix”, with a box being ticked alongside each performance parameter in which an aircraft measures up to the required specifications. Says a senior officer, “We don’t compare the aircraft with each other. We compare the aircraft with the tender requirements, filling in a Compliance Matrix”. Amidst this uncertainty, and with billions at stake, the aerospace corporations have launched a media blitz to harness public and political opinion. Journalists, astronauts, corporate honchos, medal-winning athletes and politicians have in turn been taken up for high-profile joyrides. NDTV anchor, Vishnu Som, has flown co-pilot on four of the six aircraft, more than any of the IAF test pilots will be able to claim. The game is on. Face-to-face: rating their chances F/A-18 Super Hornet: Overall chances: COOL 1. Battle-tested, frontline fighter with the US Navy 2. Powerful, agile, rugged, designed for aircraft carriers 3. Advanced avionics and missile systems 4. Can function as refuelling tanker with external fuel tanks 5. Fields fully-operational and deployed Raytheon APG-79 AESA radar 1. US restrictions on modifications and end usage 2. Earlier generation design, dating back to 1980s 3. Heavy, 30-ton aircraft, expensive F-16IN Super Viper: Overall chances: WARM 1. Tested modern fighter, has logged over 100,000 combat missions globally 2. Single-engine, 19-tonne fighter, price competitive 4. Advanced Northrop Grumman APG-80 AESA radar 5. Four F-16 production lines functioning world-wide 3. Earlier vintage F-16s in service with Pakistan Air Force Eurofighter Typhoon: Overall chances: COOL 1. Contemporary fighter, still evolving 2. High performance, high-end technology, including supercruise 3. Offering India development partnership 4. No end user restrictions, easy transfer of technology 5. EADS already helping to develop India’s LCA 1. No combat experience 3. AESA radar still under development Saab Gripen NG: Overall chances: RED HOT 1. Only Eurofighter and Gripen are capable of Supercruise: supersonic flight without afterburners 2. Can land, refuel, rearm and take off in 10 minutes 3. Light, single-engine, highly cost-effective 4. Selex Raven AESA radar with advanced swashplate technology 5. Willing to hand over source codes for high-tech equipment 1. Has US components, including engines and avionics 3. India has never operated a Swedish fighter RAC MiG, MiG-35: Overall chances: HOT 1. Dovetails easily with IAF’s MiG-29 fleet 2. Typical Russian fast, agile fighter 3. Vastly improved avionics and targeting system 4. Thrust-vectoring engines option exists 5. Cheapest ticket price of twin-engine fighters 1. Airframe barely improved from MiG-29 2. Zhuk-Phazotron AESA radar still under development 3. Life cycle cost of Russian fighters is traditionally high Dassault Rafale: Overall chances: DARK HORSE 1. Amongst the most contemporary options 2. France deploys on land and aircraft carriers 3. IAF’s Mirage-2000 fleet creates comfort level with Dassault 4. Transfer of technology smooth; no end user restrictions 5. Only non-US fighter with deployed AESA radar 1. Limited combat experience 2. 25-tonne, twin-engine aircraft, expensive 3. Only contender never to have flown in India Labels: defence planning, france, HAL, Indian Air Force, LCA, MMRCA, russia, US military F/A-18 trials from Monday: MoD sends out mixed messages (Photos: courtesy Boeing) US Navy F/A-18 Super Hornets. In the picture on the right, they are carrying out fighter-to-fighter mid-air refuelling Business Standard, 13th Aug 09 This weekend, two Boeing F/A-18 Super Hornet fighters will land in Bangalore for flight trials by the Indian Air Force (IAF), an eight-month-long selection process, involving six different aircraft, to zero in on a multi-role medium fighter for the IAF. India’s defence ministry (MoD) has billed this Rs 42,000 crore purchase, currently the world’s biggest international arms tender, as also the world’s most transparent. The MoD declares that the tender document specifies every detail of what the IAF needs, and whichever company meets those requirements, at the cheapest cost, will walk away with the order. But now, contradictory messages are emerging; the mantra no longer seems to be “a specified capability for the cheapest price”. Instead, MoD and IAF officers are apparently telling vendors like EADS --- which has offered the high-priced and high-performance Eurofighter --- that extra performance will win extra points. Bernhard Gerwert, CEO Military Air Systems for EADS, travelled last week to Delhi to assess whether it was worth spending millions of dollars to put the Eurofighter through flight trials in India. If Eurofighter’s superlative performance, superior in several respects than the Indian tender requirements, would win no extra credit, Gerwert was prepared to pull out of the competition. But the MoD provided the reassurance he was looking for. A relieved Gerwert told Business Standard after his meetings, “The feedback that we have gotten after meetings in Delhi with the MoD and the IAF is that they will test more than just compliance with the tender. The IAF will take into account the performance excellence of each aircraft during flight trials.” After the relieved EADS team departed from Delhi on 7th August, Business Standard again asked senior IAF officials whether a fighter that demonstrated outstanding performance during flight-testing would win extra credits. The IAF’s answer was an unambiguous negative. “We will not be comparing the aircraft with one another. We have made out a “Compliance Matrix”, and we will only require each fighter’s performance to comply with what we have demanded in the RfP (Request for Proposals, or the tender). There are no extra points for having, say, 50% extra capability. Each contender just has to meet the IAF’s laid down requirements.” This situation stems from the IAF’s unusually broad definition of a medium fighter. This contest has brought into the arena a range of aircraft, with significant variations in performance --- from the 14-tonne, single-engine Gripen to the 30-tonne, double-engine Super Hornet. At the end of the flight-testing next May, predict experts, the IAF might have four or more aircraft that comply fully with the MoD’s tender. In that case, the cheapest bid will win, with the MoD evaluating costs on a “Life Cycle” basis. That includes all the costs over a 30-40 year life-cycle, adding the per unit purchase price to the costs of technology, indigenous manufacture, infrastructure, repair and maintenance, operating expenses, and a host of other hidden costs. The IAF calls it “Cost of Ownership”; this method of calculation is being adopted for the first time by India for a capital equipment purchase from abroad. Western vendors, whose military equipment has traditionally had higher ticket prices, claim that the “Cost of Ownership” calculation will tilt the equation in their favour, especially when compared with Russian equipment that they accuse of being maintenance-heavy, demanding vast quantities of spares, and spending more time on the ground than in the air. Labels: defence planning, Defence Production, france, HAL, Indian Air Force, MMRCA The EVM controversy: old allegations revisited Business Standard, 7th Aug 09 Today, the BJP and the Shiv Sena appeared before the Election Commission to allege that Electronic Voting Machines (EVMs), which are now used for all Indian elections, can be manipulated to favour a candidate. But old-timers from Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL), who perfected the EVMs in the late 1980s, say that all the current allegations have been raised before, and comprehensively disproved. Colonel HS Shankar, former Director (R&D) at BEL says that EVMs came under fire soon after BEL demonstrated them to Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi in mid-1989. Shankar, who attended that meeting, recalls that an impressed Rajiv Gandhi suggested the use of EVMs in 150 constituencies during the 1989 general elections. The first challenge came swiftly. On 15th October 1989, at a dramatic press conference in New Delhi, Janata Dal chief, Vishwanath Pratap Singh and George Fernandes produced a “computer consultant” to prove that EVMs could easily be rigged. Before a crowd of journalists, the consultant keyed in “3 + 3” into a computer, pressed “Enter” and showed the answer to the crowd. It was 9. In the charged atmosphere of 1989, the Election Commission scrapped the plan to use EVMs that year. But when VP Singh became PM, BEL launched a campaign to prove the reliability of electronic voting. Eventually, the government created an experts committee to examine whether EVMs could be “fiddled”. Professor S Sampath of the Defence R&D Organisation headed the committee, which included Dr PV Indiresan of IIT Delhi, and Dr C Rao Kasarabada, Director Electronic Research and Development Center, Trivandrum. Dr Indiresan gathered four of his brightest research students and gave them five days to subvert the EVM’s source code. Their only restriction: there should be no external damage to the EVM. Colonel Shankar says that BEL gave Dr Indiresan’s team all the EVM circuit diagrams and design drawings; only the encryption-coded software was withheld. “After five days of struggling, they admitted that the EVM was tamper-proof.” At the core of the EVM is a microcontroller chip, built by Hitachi of Japan, called an OTP-ROM (one-time programmable read-only memory). Onto this, the Indian EVM contractors --- BEL and Electronics Corporation of India (ECIL) --- “burn” the algorithm that makes it record votes. The microprocessor’s “non-volatile” memory ensures that, once the algorithm is written, it can never be overwritten or subverted, not even by the manufacturer. The algorithm makes the EVM function as a vote counter. Each candidate is assigned a numbered button, according to the alphabetic order of the candidates’ names. Each time a voter presses, say, Button No 1, the software adds one vote to the account of Candidate No 1. And since, in each constituency, each political party’s candidate will have different serial numbers (determined by the candidate’s name) there is no possibility of installing a country-wide code that favours one party. After failing to subvert the software, the Sampath Committee staged a mock election to try and subvert the procedure. Failing to do so, it strongly endorsed the EVM. Chief Election Commissioner, RVS Peri Sastry, discussed the test results with all the political party heads, including BJP President LK Advani, all of whom agreed to the use of EVMs in general elections. “The reason why all parties accepted the EVM was simple”, explains Colonel Shankar, “We copied the simplicity and transparency of the earlier system, while doing away with its drawbacks.” Besides the tedious counting of votes, the major drawback in the old system of paper voting was booth capturing. Party goons would take over voting booths and, in a couple of hours, stamp thousands of paper ballots in each booth and slip them into the boxes. EVMs mitigate the effects of booth capturing, since a delay circuit ensures only two votes can be recorded per minute. Even if a booth is captured for an hour, a maximum of 120 votes can be polled. "Eventually, EVMs were used for the first time in general elections in 45 seats in 1999. Polling in the 2004 general elections was entirely on EVMs. This year, again, 671 million voters got the opportunity to vote on EVMs." Labels: Inside Tales Facing order cuts at home, Eurofighter sweetens India offer (Photos: courtesy Kuldip Gangwani) Flight displays by the Eurofighter Typhoon during Aero India 2009) Business Standard, 3rd Aug 09 With the four-nation Eurofighter consortium facing the uncomfortable reality of dwindling orders at home, India’s tender for 126 medium fighters, worth some $11 billion, is now crucial. So Eurofighter has reworked some of its most fundamental tenets and structures, to appear more appearling to India. Next Friday, Eurofighter boss, Bernhard Gerwert, will fly into Delhi to offer a new sweetener to the Ministry of Defence: if India chooses the Eurofighter, it can become a full-fledged manufacturing partner, the first “outsider” to crack a tightly-interwoven four-country manufacturing chain. The consortium that developed the Eurofighter --- comprising the UK, Germany, Italy and Spain --- had decided upon a unique manufacturing structure. Each part of the Eurofighter is manufactured in a different country; e.g. the right wing is made in Spain, the left wing in Italy. After that, all four partners assemble their own aircraft, bringing the parts together from the plants where they are manufactured. This EU-style compromise distributed manufacturing jobs (100,000 jobs in 400 companies) amongst the four partners, while creating a mutual dependency. If India becomes the fifth Eurofighter partner, it will manufacture complete assemblies --- say, as a random example, the front fuselage and tail fins --- for every new Eurofighter across the world. That will include fighters for the air forces of the UK, Germany, Spain, Italy, Austria and Saudi Arabia. In addition, Switzerland, Japan, Romania, Greece and Turkey, which are currently evaluating the Eurofighter, could also be on that list. Kicking off its India campaign in early 2008, Eurofighter had suggested that India could play a major role in the programme, even using the word, “partnership”. But that was never elaborated; only now will India unambiguously be offered a share of the manufacture. All four European partners have agreed to forego a part of their work share to bring India in. An order like India’s is badly needed. Earlier this year, a budget-strapped British MoD tried to pull out of buying its contracted share of 88 fighters from the latest batch (called Tranche 3). Eventually the UK honoured its commitments only because default would have cost London billions of Euros in penalties. The other Eurofighter partners are equally cash-strapped; all have jointly agreed to cut back on their orders for now. In contrast to the gloom in Europe, the future in India looks rosy. EADS --- Eurofighter’s major shareholder --- has enjoyed notable success in penetrating the Indian market. Early this year, EADS signed a US $20 million contract to help resolve persistent niggles in India’s Light Combat Aircraft (LCA) programme. US companies, Boeing and Lockheed Martin were ruled out of that bid by Washington’s unwillingness to grant permissions (called Technical Assistance Agreements). EADS points to the LCA consultancy as a major victory that highlighted the comparative ease of doing high-tech business with Europe. Buoyed by the LCA consultancy, EADS is now focusing on the US $600 million tender --- floated by the MoD on 17th July --- for supplying 99 fighter engines for India’s single-engine LCA. Eurojet, an EADS subsidiary, has offered EJ200 engines, which power the twin-engine Eurofighter. The rival engine is the General Electric GE-414, which powers Eurofighter’s big rival, the twin-engine Boeing F/A-18. Getting the engine selected, both rivals believe, is a sure path towards getting the fighter selected as well. Labels: defence planning, Defence Production, HAL, Indian Air Force, LCA, MMRCA Project 28: Prestigious Indian anti-submarine corvette project delayed to build up private sector suppliers (Photos: courtesy Ajai Shukla. Reproduce only with due credit to Ajai Shukla and Broadsword) Photo 1: The stern of the corvette taken from the ground. Photo 2: A view of the helicopter deck, looking rearwards at the Hooghly River, taken from where the hangar will be erected. . Photo 3: A view of what will be the helicopter deck, taken from the rear. The hangar being a part of the superstructure, has not yet been erected. Photo 4: The hull of the Project 28 ASW corvette. Photo 5: A view of the forward main deck. Visible is the opening for the magazine of the Otomelara SRGM and the IRL system Photo 6: One of the two engine rooms. You can observe the seating onto which one of the ship's three engines will be lowered. Business Standard, 1st August 09 In the hot Kolkata sun, on the banks of the Hooghly River, craftsmen from Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers (GRSE) swarm over what will be the Indian Navy’s most high-tech stealth warship. For GRSE, the navy’s order for four anti-submarine warfare (ASW) corvettes is its flagship project. But Project 28, as it is termed, is two years behind schedule. The first corvette was to join the fleet early next year. Business Standard discovered, during a first-ever media visit to this secretive project, that it will be delivered only in June 2012. The other three corvettes of Project 28 will follow at one-year intervals. The major reason for the delay: the Indian Navy has stipulated such unprecedented standards of stealth for every piece of equipment on board that suppliers have struggled to develop engines, transmission, air-conditioning and power-generating systems that work silently enough to meet those requirements. Furthermore, the navy mandated that Indian suppliers would provide much of that equipment. The Project 28 corvettes are 2500-tonne warships that will protect Indian Navy battle groups and coastal installations from lurking enemy submarines. In the deadly cat-and-mouse game between ASW corvettes and submarines, the stealthier vessel is usually the winner, detecting and destroying its opponent after sneaking up undetected. The challenge of Project 28 has been to minimise vibrations and noise from the ship’s machinery, propellers, and from water swirling past the hull. Success has come late in developing some of this equipment. The Kirloskar group has delivered the engines, albeit after a delay. Earlier this year, DCNS of France supplied the Raft Mounted Gearbox, which almost completely suppresses noise from the power pack. But Wartsila India is still struggling to reduce vibration in the four diesel alternators that will power the corvette’s electronics. Once all this is in place, six huge spaces will have to be cut open in the corvette’s hull, through which giant cranes will lower monster-sized equipment like the 65-tonne engines. Then the hull will be welded shut once again. For the navy, which has implemented indigenisation as something of a religion --- the Naval Headquarters includes a full-fledged Directorate of Indigenisation --- the delay in Project 28 is a regrettable, but acceptable, consequence of its twin objectives: building cutting edge warships and, simultaneously, developing Indian warship building industry. The Navy Chief, Admiral Sureesh Mehta told Business Standard that the navy had carefully laid down stealth standards that were absolutely necessary in war. Admiral Mehta explained, “We cannot compromise operational requirements for suppliers who are having difficulties meeting standards. We cannot come second in war.” The navy’s top designer, Rear Admiral MK Badhwar, says the navy is determined to nurture an Indian supplier base, to develop increasingly high-tech products for warships. He points out, “Initially, they (the private companies) had real problems in meeting the sophistication levels that we were demanding. But we insisted and now most of them have done so. This is vital for an indigenous shipbuilding industry.” All this has taken the cost of Project 28 from a sanctioned Rs 2800 crores (Rs 700 crores per corvette), to an estimated Rs 7000 crores now. This is approximately in line with cost increases for previous Indian-built warships. GRSE’s Chairman and Managing Director, Rear Admiral KC Sekhar explains, “Fortunately our shipyard will not take a financial hit, since this was a cost-plus contract (in which the actual cost of construction of the first ship will be the basis for paying for the entire project). But we have learned valuable lessons. The complexity of the project was totally underestimated.” The Project 28 corvettes, when they join the navy’s fleet, will be silent and heavily armed. An Otomelara Super Rapid Gun Mount (SRGM) on the bow can pour 76 millimetre shells onto aerial and surface targets. Flanking it will be two Indigenous Rocket Launchers (IRLs) that can fire at both submarines and ships. Submarines can also be engaged through six torpedo tubes. Two AK 630 Gatling guns, one on either side, can shoot down attacking aircraft. Finally, vertically launched missiles are likely to be mounted for engaging aerial targets. Labels: defence planning, Defence Production, DRDO, france, Indian Navy, Private Sector, shipbuilding US and Indian troops to begin training together fo... A detailed look at the Car Nicobar class Water Jet... Gearbox problems delay the Car Nicobar class Fast ... Duel in the sky: Testing the MMRCAs and rating the... F/A-18 trials from Monday: MoD sends out mixed mes... Facing order cuts at home, Eurofighter sweetens In... Project 28: Prestigious Indian anti-submarine corv...	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line23
__label__cc	0.612388	0.387612	Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences Effect of lipid source; Linseed or soybean in diets, on rumen and blood fatty acids profiles in Damascus goats Abeer M. El-Essawy Abstract This research aims to evaluate the effect of feeding different levels of whole linseed (L); as a lipid source rich in linolenic fatty acid, and full fat soybean (S); as a lipid source rich in linoleic fatty acid; on ruminal and plasma fatty acids profiles, rumen fermentation, and microorganism population. Twenty-four Damascus goats were assigned to 3 dietary treatments; S, S+L and L groups; contained 90% basal diet which consisted of 56.67% Concentrate feed mixture (CFM) and 33.33% Alfalfa hay with either 10% full fat soybean, 5% full fat soybean + 5% whole linseed or 10% whole linseed, respectively. Inclusion of linseed to diets increased (P<0.01) the total volatile fatty acids (TVFA’s) and ammonia-nitrogen (NH3-N) (P<0.05) compared to animals fed on soybean diet whereas ruminal pH was not affected by dietary treatments. Significant increases (P<0.01) were detected in the populations of Cellulomonas cellulasea, Bacillus sp., Thermonospora fusca, Acetobacter xylinum, Ruminococcus albus and Clostridium cellulovorans in goats fed on linseed compared to those fed on soybean diets. The populations of R. albus and C. cellulovorans were only affected with the high inclusion of linseed. The number of ciliated sp. (Holotrichs) decreased (P< 0.01) while Entodinomorphs sp. increased (P<0.05) with linseed . There was a significant increase (P<0.05) in the total number of protozoa compared to that of goats which received soybean only. The ruminal and blood plasma fatty acids (FA) profiles of the experimental animals showed considerable modifications. Ruminal stearic acid showed the highest (P<0.01) percentage with linseed feeding while palmitic (P<0.01) and oleic acids (P<0.05) were predominant with soybean feeding. Saturated fatty acids (SFA) detected higher percentage than unsaturated ones on both levels of linseeds. Soybean inclusion increased (P<0.01) percentage of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) compared to other two groups. In blood plasma; the predominant FA were palmitic, oleic then stearic acids with soybean, either supplied alone or with linseed (S and S+L groups), whereas oleic, palmitic then linoleic acids were predominant with linseed (P<0.01). The percentage of the absorbed UFA with linseed supply was more than SFA in the same group. Plasma total protein, albumin (P<0.01) and urea (P<0.05) were increased by linseed inclusion while createnine (P<0.05) increased with soybean. Linseed inclusion resulted in decreased blood cholesterol (P<0.01), triglycerides (P<0.05), low density lipoprotein (P<0.01) and increased high density lipoprotein (P<0.01) and total antioxidant capacity (P<0.01). Results indicated that linseed inclusion in diets resulted in considerable variations in rumen and plasma FA which indicates health promoting effects. Therefore, fatty acids composition of animal’s products resulted in more satisfying and healthful properties for consumer [ FULL TEXT PDF 1-10 ] DOI: 10.22587/ajbas.2019.13.5.1 Effect of selenium and vitamin E injection on nutritive value and performance of Baladi doe goats in Southern Sinai Ahlam, R. Abdou Abstract The present study aimed to investigate the effect of different injection levels of selenium plus vitamin E on goat performance, intake, digestibility, nutritive value and milk and blood metabolites. Forty Baladi doe goats 2-3 year old and (20.47±1.82 kg) average live body weight were randomly divided into four groups (10 does each). The first group was a control group, does of 2nd, 3rd and 4th groups received two injections of selenium and Vit. E; at early and late periods of gestation as follows, 0.125 mg Se+ 1.7 IU Vit. E/kg BW for 2nd group (T1), 0.250 mg Se + 3.4 IU Vit. E/kg BW for 3rd group (T2) and 0.310 mg Se + 4.2 IU Vit. E/kg BW for 4th group (T3). Digestibility trials were carried out after each injection. Does were fed a basal ration of concentrate feed mixture and the roughage portion of the diet was Berseem hay. Body weight of dams and kids were recorded. Mineral content (Se, Zn, Fe, Mn and Cu) of serum, blood and milk parameters were determined. Results revealed that, the injection of both Se and Vit. E did not show any significant effects on TDMI and CPI of treated groups at either period of pregnancy. Control group showed higher (P<0.05) CPD% than treatments. Whereas, EED% increased with Se supplementation. Supplementation of Se and Vit. E increased TDN% at late period and decreased NB at early and late pregnancy compared to control. Supplementation increased weight gain during pregnancy. Control and T2 recorded higher (P<0.05) average weaning weight, and daily gain than T3 and T1 groups. Goats received 0.125 mg Se plus1.7 IU Vit. E (T1) produced higher milk yield followed by control, T3 and then T2. Selenium concentration in milk increased with increasing injected selenium. Higher creatinine concentration at six hours’ post feeding was observed in treated groups compared with control. The highest AST was shown at zero time, while no significant effects on ALT were noticed. The highest AST value of P (5.33 mg/dl) was recorded of zero time for late pregnancy compared (3.28mg/dl) with early pregnancy periods at zero time. There were (P<0.01) differences of calcium (Ca) values among sampling time. The levels of zinc, iron did not differ significantly. Serum selenium concentration at zero time showed significant (P<0.05) differences. It could be concluded that lower level (0.125 mg Se plus 1.7 IU Vit. E/ kg /kg BW) injection of during early and late gestation improved nutrients digestibility, nutritive values, nitrogen utilization and increased milk yield of does. Moreover, injection with Selenium plus vitamin E resulted in normal renal functions (creatinine, urea), some minerals (phosphorus, calcium, iron , zinc and copper) and normal activities of both enzymes (alanine amino transferase (ALT) and aspartate amino transferase (AST) in pregnant does. [ FULL TEXT PDF 11-25 ] DOI: 10.22587/ajbas.2019.13.5.2 Column adsorption of Violet Crystal and Methyl Red by deactivated lichen Parmotrema dilatatum Kouassi Kouadio Dobi-Brice, Ekou Lynda, Yacouba Zoungranan, Koffi Kouame Sevariste, Ekou Tchirioua Abstract In recent decades, there is an increase industrial sector in Ivory Coast, which results in the establishment of textile, agrochemical, pharmaceutical, etc. These industries release toxic chemicals such as dyes (Bhuiyan et al., 2017) into aquatic systems. Rejected dyes may cause gastrointestinal infections in humans with nausea, vomiting and diarrhea (Dulce et al., 2017; Jabs and Drutz, 2001). In plants, they affect negatively the process of photosynthesis (Tahir et al., 2016). Several effluent treatment methods (Lofrano et al., 2016) exist but remain expensive and inaccessible for developing countries such as Every coast. Adsorption is an alternative to these problems. The objective of these studies is to remove two dyes, Violet Crystal (VC) and Methyl Red (MR), on deactivated lichens using an adsorption column. The volume flow rate, lichen grain size, adsorption bed height and initial column entry concentration will be evaluated. Column adsorption tests have shown that feed rate, lichen grain diameter, adsorption bed height and dye concentration are parameters that influence the adsorption capacity and operating times of the column, such as residence and saturation times. The best residence and saturation times, and the best adsorption capacities were observed with a low flow rate D = 0.07 L/min, a high bed height h= 8 cm corresponding to a mass of 100 g, a small size of lichen grain [125-250 μm]. However, the increase in dye concentration has resulted in a decrease in residence and saturation times and an increase in the amount of adsorbed dye. Evaluation of the quality of filter washing water and decanter sludge after sequential treatment by drainage bed, dissolved air flotation, and filtration Nilton Fernandes de Oliveira, Andre Luiz de Oliveira Abstract In the present study, following the treatment in the sequential drainage bed (LD), dissolved air flotation (FAD), and filtration, all being on bench scale, the evaluation of the quality of the sludge decanter and filter washing water was carried out, at the Bom Jardim Water Treatment Station, located in the city of Uberlândia-MG. Subsequently, effluents from drainage beds, composed of three types of different geotextile blankets ( RT-21, RT-26, and RT-31) were evaluated, followed by the analysis of three types of sand grading used in the present work. Upon being passed through the drainage bed, the drained effluents were directed to pass through the flotation unit by dissolved air, and subsequently, through the filtration units. The analysis was carried in two stages: stage I, and stage II. In stage I, the experiment was carried out in the absence of the coagulating agent or auxiliaries in coagulation/flocculation of the flotation. The samples, after passing through the system, were evaluated for physical parameters such as (i) pH, (ii) turbidity, (iii) true color, and (iv) apparent color, in addition to, chemical parameters, thereby determining the remaining concentrations of aluminum and iron. On the other hand, stage II involves the tests similar to those carried out in stage I, but in the presence of three different concentration (5, 10, and 15 mg/L) of the coagulant (aluminum sulfate), mainly used in coagulation/flocculation. Upon analyzing the results obtained from both stage I and II, one can deduce that test performed with the RT-26 blanket at the exit of Filter 01, in stage I, showed better performance, with the reduction being 91.8%, 41.4%, and 97.6%, of the apparent color, true color, and turbidity, respectively. However, in stage II, the best performance was observed, with the drainage of the RT-26 blanket at the outlet of Filter 02, upon being subjected to a dose of 15 mg/L of aluminum sulfate. The experiment demonstrated a reduction of 96.4% of the apparent color, 86.2% of the true color, and 99.6% of the turbidity. Therefore, the results establish the efficiency of the system in the removal of solids present in the filter washing water and the sedimentation sludge from the ETA studied. Thus, the study affirms that this system can be a potential alternative of the sludge discharge as well as can become an option of a new treated water supply line. Investigating Instructors’ Attitude towards the Adoption of E-Learning Technology in Libyan Higher Education Institutes: Case Study; Misurata University Khalid Ramadan, Jamal Elatresh, Alzain Alzain, Umit Tokeser Abstract In recent years, Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) worldwide have invested heavily in the adoption of e-learning with a view to improving the quality of their education. However, the success of their development faced numerous challenges, particularly, the end user's acceptance, including the perceptions, and engagement. Therefore, surveying lecturers' attitudes toward e-learning in LHEIs is considered to be a meaningful stage before thoroughly embarking e-learning practices in educational activities. Instructors’ attitudes towards the use of e-learning have been extensively investigated in the educational system worldwide, however, in Libya, this research is ineffective and limited. In light of this, the present study aims to investigate the perception of instructors' in LHEIs and their attitudes towards implementing e-learning technology, where an online questionnaire has been utilized to collect data from 219 academic staff in various faculties at Misurata University (MU), in Libya. The collected data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social sciences (SPSS) to investigate the impact of demographic characteristics of participants on their attitude towards e-learning. The study concluded with a set of findings that revealed that the demographic characteristics of participants might have a significant impact on their attitude towards e-learning; which may directly impact the success of e-learning adoption in higher education. The results also show that the instructors in LHEIs have a positive attitude towards e-learning. On the effect of audit committee characteristics on corporate governance good practices index. Fresh evidence from Sudan listed firms Hussein Mohamed Elnafabi Abstract The paper aims to study the effect of audit committee characteristics on the effectiveness of corporate governance practices among Sudanese public firms. We use a survey to construct an index of corporate governance practices effectiveness and an OLS regression method was used in order to test the effect of the main audit committee characteristics namely, the committee size, the committee experience, the committee education and the committee professional certificates on corporate governance good practices. The effect of auditors’ age on corporate governance practices effectiveness was also discussed. Hormonal Strategy for Advance of Mating Season in Mares Scored on Follicular Diameter Ana Carolina Fanhani de Arruda Botelho, Fabio Luiz Bim Cavalieri, Marcia Aparecida Andreazzi, Isabele Picada Emanuelli, Dyorgenes Mathaus Perosso Messias, Maria Fernanda Zamai Abstract The equine productive in Brazil has been distinguished by the horses athletes. In this scenario, we highlight the use of reproduction biotecnology, which look to reproduce the best animals and increase the pregnancy rate through the induction of the first ovulation of the year. The objective of this study was to use intravaginal progesterone devices in mares with follicular diameters greater and smaller than 20 mm, aiming to advance the first ovulation of the mating season. Twenty-two crossbred mares, classified as: G1 - animals with a follicle ≤ 20 mm, and G2 - animals with follicles ≥ 20 mm, were given intravaginal progesterone device. After seven days, the follicular growth in the two groups was checked by daily ultrasonography. Device were removed when the animals got a follicle ≥ 35 mm and, one day after implant withdrawal, animals have reached 35 mm in both groups have had their ovulation induced. The data were tabulated and the statistical analyses of the variables were done using the procedure PROC GENMOD of the statistical program SAS, version 8.01. The percentage of animals that responded to the treatment, that is, had a dominant follicle greater than 35 mm, was significantly higher (P<0.05) in the animals of the G2 group (62.5%), compared to G1, which presented 28,5mm. The average time, in days, for the appearance of the dominant follicle was also higher (P<0.05) for the G2 group. The use of progesterone devices anticipated the first ovulation of the mating season, showing the efficiency and viability of technique. Analysis of the agro-industrial system in the region of Balsas - MA between the years from 2005 to 2017 Gustavo de Oliveira Barbosa; Nilton Marques de Oliveira; Fernando Silva Lima Abstract This study looking for to analyzes in general form the agroindustrial system in the city of Balsas – MA relating and evidencing the study with the data collected in secondary bases. The migration of soy to microregion in mid 80’s, starting of genectcs alterations and adaptations in soil made with the region attracted a lot of large landowners making the region appropriate to culture cultivation, showing up since the beginning the emergence of agroindustrial complex in the city. We are interested to analyze and to understand the economic dynamic in the city as well as for the microregion. The methodology adopted was based on a bibliographical review, a priori, after the theoretical construction, secondary data analysis gived for IBGE and RAIS. The results showed the concentration and attraction that city of Balsas over other micro region's cities, evidencing, therefore, the existence of a relative agroindustrial complex in the county. Multi Criterion Decision Making Techniques for Ranking Regional climate models Over Wadi El-Natrun Catchment Mahmoud A. Refaey and MHassan, Hany Mostafa, Mostafa Aboelkhear Abstract A regional climate model (RCM) is a numerical climate prediction model forced by specified lateral and ocean conditions from a general circulation model (GCM). Multicriterion analysis were used to rank and choose the best regional model for the wadi el-natrun Catchment. Sixteen RCMs were assessed for Wadi El-Natrun Catchment with a gridded resolution of 0.5° × 0.5° for the mean monthly rainfall and mean monthly temperature using five performance indicators. The performance indicators used were the correlation coefficient, normalized root mean square deviation, absolute normalized root mean square deviation, average absolute relative deviation and skill score. The Entropy method was endorsed to acquire weights of these 5 indicators and PROMETHEE-2 (Preference Ranking Organization Method of Enrichment Evaluation). Multi-criterion decision-making techniques were applied as a new approach in Egypt for ranking sixteen Regional climate models over Wadi El-Natrun Catchment. The outranking relation is calculated and the solutions from best to worst are orderly positioned. Results direct that all entire applied methods give the same regional model for the first rank according to rainfall, for temperature, the first three applied methods (Compromise Programming, Cooperative Game Theory, Weighted average technique) give the same first rank model which have the second rank for PROMETHEE-2 method. The research concluded that the best model for the rainfall is not the same best model for temperature. The results indicated that model ICHEC-EC-EARTH _SMHI-RCA4 (Middle East and North Africa domain) and MPI-M-MPI-ESM-LR_MPI-CSC-REMO2009 (Africa domain) are the best regional climate model for simulating mean monthly rainfall and mean monthly temperature, respectively over Wadi El-Natrun Catchment. Therefore, they are recommended for the further investigation. Solanum tuberosum peel waste: an attractive substrate for Aspergillus sp. CP to produce glucohydrolase under solid state fermentation Erum Hanif , Rattab Abbas, Shafaq Aiyaz Hassan, Raheela Rahmat Zohra Abstract Filamentous fungi are being selected for the production of industrial enzymes as they have enormous capacity of production, on low cost solid substrates. Glucohdrolase is one of the industrial enzymes produced by Aspergillus niger. It hydrolyzed alpha 1, 4 and beta 1,6 glycosidic linkage, yield glucose by hydrolyzing polysaccharides from non-reducing end. Major utilization of glucohydrolase is in starch and beverage industry for the preparation of high fructose corn syrup. The present study is focused to utilize low cost, easily available potato peel waste as substrate for the production of glucohydrolase. Solid state fermentation optimization was carried out by providing suitable physiochemical parameters results in highest enzyme production i.e. 12333 units/ml/min. Dry potato peels 20 grams per fermentation flask, particle size 2mm, was moisten with a fermentation medium containing soluble potato starch 10g/L, peptone1g/L, yeast extracts 2g/L and MgSO4.7H2O 0.5g/L, (pH 5) with 50% of final moisture content. Fermentation was started with the inoculum of 7.5x104 spores per flask and fermentation was carried out at 20oC for 5 days. [ FULL TEXT PDF 97-105 ] DOI: 10.22587/ajbas.2019.13.5.10	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line24
__label__wiki	0.809653	0.809653	Follow @waltmossberg Personal Technology > Applications iTunes Gets an Upgrade Without Missing a Beat December 4, 2012 at 6:05 pm PT See More Reviews » Apple’s iTunes is the world’s most popular computer program for playing, managing and buying music, movies and TV shows. The company estimates the number of copies in active use to be in the high hundreds of millions. Now, Apple has given iTunes its biggest overhaul since 2003, when the software — originally just a jukebox for Macs — was made available for Windows computers and the built-in iTunes store was added. I’ve been testing this major new version, called iTunes 11, and I consider it a significant improvement in the look, feel, speed and function of the program, which had become somewhat bloated, sluggish and dense over the years as new features were added. This new version won’t please every iTunes user. Some familiar ways of doing things have changed and some longtime features have been axed in the name of simplification. People who use iTunes solely to organize and play their media, not to buy it from Apple, will find many more prompts to patronize the iTunes store. There also are a few small flaws Apple is pledging to fix soon. Overall, however, I found the new iTunes a pleasure to use. The venerable program is now brighter and more colorful, with clever and pleasing new capabilities and faster search. There is tighter integration between the library of media that resides on your computer and media stored in Apple’s online iCloud service. Streaming from the cloud has been expanded. The store has also been made cleaner, simpler and easier to use. A new feature of iTunes 11, called Expanded view, allows you to click on an album cover to get a matching panel showing all the songs on that album. I tested iTunes 11 on four computers: two PC laptops, one running Windows 7 and one the new Windows 8; and two Macs, an older desktop iMac and a late-model MacBook Air laptop. On all four machines, it ran well and smoothly, never crashing and properly playing all the local and cloud-based music and videos I tried. In my tests, I bought a variety of new songs and videos, and they quickly became available on all my devices, including the four computers, an iPhone and an iPad. I also was able to smoothly sync an iPhone, an iPad and even a very old iPod, with no problems. There are many small changes scattered throughout the program, but a few stand out. No More Sidebar The most notable change is that the program no longer uses a long, scrolling text sidebar to switch between displays of the major media types, such as music, movies, TV shows and podcasts. Instead, you select these by clicking on a drop-down button. When you pick a media type, it displays choices at the top. The music mode, for example, shows songs, albums, artists, genres and playlists. Choosing any of these instantly changes the main screen to reflect that choice. Opening the iTunes Store is now done using a button at the top right. Once in the store, you return to the library using a similar button at the right. Those who prefer the old sidebar can bring it back and banish the new main buttons. My favorite new feature is called Expanded view. You can now click on any album cover and the cover image expands into a colorful panel showing all the songs on that album. The panel is in the dominant shade of the album cover and shows a lovely image of the cover that blends into the colored background of the panel. This Expanded view also works for movies and TV shows, showing relevant information about films and, for TV shows, lists of episodes. A small arrow next to each song, album, movie or TV show lets you perform actions like adding an item to a playlist, or jumping to the artist page in your library, or going to the item in the store. Another nice feature is called Up Next. It replaces a function called DJ and is essentially a queue of songs. You place any song at the top of this queue to play it next and see a history of what has been played earlier. If you like, you can play immediately any song in these lists. For years, iTunes was mainly about downloading media, not streaming it from the cloud. That changes with iTunes 11, now better integrated with Apple’s iCloud service, which stores music and videos you have purchased from Apple, or, if you have the paid iTunes Match service, any song, whether you bought it from Apple or not. As before, small cloud icons indicate whether an album, movie or TV show is stored in iCloud rather than on your computer. And as before, you can click on these to download them. But now, iTunes lets you stream a song, movie or show without downloading. Previously, streaming from the cloud was only available for paid users of Apple’s iTunes Match service, and only for songs. MiniPlayer The program has long had a MiniPlayer option, which hides the main window in favor of a small oblong player that better coexists with other windows you have open on your computer. Now, this little player has added functions, such as search, and Up Next. Fans of iTunes will notice some omissions and flaws. The long-touted Cover Flow carousel of album covers has been dumped. The company says it found too few users considered it useful. A feature that finds duplicate entries is missing. Apple says it will soon be restored in a minor update of the program. In my tests, some album covers were missing in album view. Apple says this is a rare bug, but one it has solved and will fix in a minor update soon. Another bug the company says will be remedied prevents owners of Apple TVs from wirelessly streaming cloud-based movies to their TVs. Also, if you want to see biographical information on an artist, you have to go to the store. I wish it was available in the library, but Apple has no plans to change this. Apple has made iTunes better and easier to use, and veteran users who upgrade will gain from the new features, if they take a little time to get used to them. Email Walt at mossberg@wsj.com. Tagged with Apple, iCloud, iPad, iPhone, iPod, iTunes, iTunes 11, ITunes Music Store, iTunes Store, Mac, MacBook Top Products in Two Decades of Tech Reviews Two Houses, One Cable TV Bill Calling Overseas on Wi-Fi Dell Tablets at Bargain Prices Search the Mossberg Archives AllThingsD contains an archive of columns by Walt Mossberg and Katherine Boehret from The Wall Street Journal dating back to 2005. api-video/find_all_videos.asp&fields=id,videoStillURL,thumbnailURL,guid,video320kMP4Url,name,duration&count=4&doctype=128&type=allthingsd-section&query=Walt+Mossberg Walt Mossberg’s Product Guides Desktop PC’s and Laptops The Laptops to Buy Digital Cameras Improve Zooms, HD Function	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line28
__label__cc	0.547386	0.452614	August 29, 2018 Research No comments Zebrafish is an attractive model to anticipate drug-induced renal injury in humans Most of the innovative drugs with important therapeutic benefits are not approved or are removed from the clinical practice due to drug-induced toxicity. The kidneys are one of the most important target organs of drug toxicity because they play a crucial role in drug excretion and drug metabolism. More specifically, the proximal tubule, which is a portion of the nephrons of the kidney, is very sensitive to any drug insult because it reabsorbs and secretes drugs and metabolites, meaning that it is continuously exposed to high concentrations of toxins. Despite the relevance of drug-induce renal injury, there are no useful biomarkers to detect early renal damage nor therapies to treat the renal damage. This can be explained, at least in part, by the lack of appropriate animal models that mimic the human renal pathophysiology. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) present unique advantages for assessing drug-induced renal injury when compared with other animals used in biomedical research: small size, transparency, rapid development, transgenic capabilities, low cost and high homology between the zebrafish and human renal physiology. Fig. 1. Morphological and functional assessment of drug-induced renal damage. Zebrafish larvae were exposed to nephrotoxic drugs in 96-well plates. The sketch of a zebrafish larva shows the kidney in green with the proximal tubule limited by a square. Morphological damage was quantified from the 3D reconstruction of the proximal tubule, which shows the lumen in purple, and the 3D reconstruction of the tubular cell, which shows the mitochondria in blue. Glomerular filtration was quantified from the decay in the fluorescence of the tail blood after intravenous injection of fluorescent inulin. PCT, proximal convoluted tubule; G, glomeruli. In this work, we aimed to investigate the potential of zebrafish larvae as a model of drug-induced renal injury through a detailed analysis of the functional and morphological renal alterations induced by three drugs that are widely used and known to cause renal tubular toxicity in humans: gentamicin, paracetamol and tenofovir (Fig. 1). We exposed zebrafish larvae of 4 days post fertilization to each of the drugs separately in a concentration that was lethal for 10% of the larvae. After 24 hours of drug exposure, we evaluated the renal function and the tubular morphology using different imaging techniques. Renal function was assessed with intravenous injection of fluorescent inulin, a polysaccharide that is exclusively eliminated from the body through the kidney by glomerular filtration. Gentamicin and paracetamol proved to decrease the renal function. The morphology of the proximal tubules was evaluated with two-photon microscopy followed by 3-D reconstruction of the proximal tubules to quantify the diameter of the tubules. Paracetamol and tenofovir induced an enlargement of the tubules, which is an early sign of tubular dysfunction. A deeper morphological analysis, at the cellular level, was performed by transmission electron microscopy followed by 3-D modelling. Tubular mitochondria, cellular organelles that play crucial roles such as energy production, were severely affected by all drugs. These results confirm that zebrafish and human nephrons react in a similar way to nephrotoxic drugs. Thus, zebrafish larvae are a useful model to assess potential renal toxicity of new drugs before being used in humans. Raquel Jacinto, Rita Gorgulho, Susana S. Lopes, Emilia C. Monteiro, Sofia. A. Pereira, Judit Morello Chronic Diseases Research Center, NOVA Medical School, NOVA University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal Usefulness of zebrafish larvae to evaluate drug-induced functional and morphological renal tubular alterations. Gorgulho R, Jacinto R, Lopes SS, Pereira SA, Tranfield EM, Martins GG, Gualda EJ, Derks RJE, Correia AC, Steenvoorden E, Pintado P, Mayboroda OA, Monteiro EC, Morello J Arch Toxicol. 2018 Jan Cyagen Biosciences – Helping you choose the right… While many animal models are available “ off the shelf ” through various repositories and collaborations, generation of novel animal models has allowed for more effective studies, not limited by… New way to detect kidney injury using keratins As humans and animals have a skeleton supporting their structure, each cell has a similar microscopic skeleton termed cytoskeleton. Cytoskeleton also helps to maintain the shape and the internal organization… Aflatoxin B1: a foodborne contaminant which impairs… The gradual decline in fertility of human and farm animals over the past few decades coincides with intensive industrial and agricultural development. Multiple environmental factors affect sperm function and fertility,… 10th World Congress on Biomarkers & Clinical… Conference Series Ltd Conferences invites all the participants across the globe to attend ‘10th World Congress on Biomarkers and Clinical Research’ during October 18 - 20, 2017 in Baltimore, USA… Non-invasive whole-body imaging of fibrosis: is it feasible? Fibrosis is a chronic, life-shortening disease that can occur either as a consequence of genetic defects or in response to inflammation or damage. Such body systems as respiratory, gastrointestinal, musculoskeletal,… Small fish can help finding drugs to fight retina diseases About 285 million people are visually impaired in the world. The arising of chronic eye diseases and ageing processes make more people at risk of blindness, 65% of visually impaired… animal models, drug-induced renal injury, imaging techniques, mitochondria, zebrafish	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line33
__label__cc	0.699648	0.300352	to the races Some find it hard to believe that I could possibly be interested in motorcycle racing. But I think when you're born and raised in the desert, some part of you innately has a draw to it. It just seems to be the thing to do there. But more importantly, when your husband used to ride and still would if he didn't have bum knees, has a passion for it, you tend to pick up the interest also. At least somewhat. So when Jimmy got tickets to watch Supercross racing in San Francisco for Christmas, I happily tagged along. Despite my attempts to sabotage his plans. Twice. Sigh, i really need to write things down. Because my pea-brain can't remember anything on its own anymore. Anyhoo... Here are some pics from the event: The race was at AT&T Park, home of the San Francisco Giants and big enough to hold over 40,000 fans. It was a sunny day in San Francisco and we got there early enough to watch practice, walk around the stadium and check out the pit. James Stewart, 2008 AMA Motorcross National Champion, rides right in front of me on his way to his pit after practice. The stadium fills up with 40,000 Supercross fans (whodda knew there'd be so many in the Bay Area?). and the races begin. It starts with a Heat, where the riders race to place in the Main race. We had great seats. this is Chad Reed, last year's Supercross champion. I learned there's a difference between Motorcross and Supercross. Supercross is in a stadium. Motorcross is on natural terrain. This is the start of the next Heat. Up front is #7, James Stewart and #800 Mike Alessi. Mike Alessi and his brother Jeff are from the desert where Jimmy and I grew up. Jeff Alessi #801 rides in the Lites Class. Mike is a Premier Class rider. I couldn't help but cheer them on even though I was ultimately rooting for James. The first lap, Mike lead the race, keeping James just a bit behind. But after that lap, James Stewart sped past Mike and it was over. James won the Heat. Now, the big guns were out and the Main race began. The leading 3 in front are Chad Reed #1, Mike Alessi #800 and James Stewart #7. But James Stewart won the hole shot and lead the race for all 20 laps. And crosses the finish line victoriously. Labels: Jimmy, performances, San Francisco Not a cycle race lady...but i love, love the Indy car races....I have sweet memories of the Ontario raceway and that handsome devil Danny Ongais and his Interscope car. Ragged Around the Edges said... Those are some amazing shots.	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line48
__label__cc	0.717999	0.282001	PR Strategy Helping you win awards There are no flies on us Practising what we preach Look after your customers - or someone else will Sorry seems to be the hardest word Let me take you down... Business Award Season Winning Awards Wasps Invade Our Media More Awards! Successful festive PR ‘I want to be Famous!’ - why PR isn’t what you need. The impossible ideal : The Client/PR professional relationship Why you should take social media seriously Social media and the news: the power of the internet Setting the tone: why being friendly and less formal can benefit your business Emergency Services and Public Relations Our turn at the awards table Academia goes online Toasting Success in Bristol The day I became a keynote speaker What’s been happening? Adapting to change Inspiration: three amazing ladies 5 top tips for writing a business blog Measuring success in PR Remembering Glenn Moore Why you should enter business awards Preparing for the perfect interview Clients' Press Releases e-mail: suzi@blueberry-pr.co.uk You are here: » Home > Blog > Wasps Invade Our Media Posted by suzichristie on September 26, 2016 This month we have been dealing with a lot of wasps. Luckily, on this occasion they are wasps in the media rather than wasps in the house. As you will probably have noticed, the papers have been full of stories about people being attacked by wasps. In August, The Sun reported how a man and his two sons had been attacked by wasps during a country bike ride and, in September, the BBC reported on a woman being attacked by wasps while she pushed her daughter in a buggy. Wasps have even made it onto the big screen, literally, when a giant wasp appeared on BBC Scotland news. You may wonder why a public relations company is so interested in wasps. This is because, for the last six years we have been working with a pest control company – Cleankill Environmental Services Ltd – and they are experts in dealing with all kinds of pests, including wasps. Back in July they asked us to prepare a news item which would help people recognise the difference between a wasp and bee. This was because they had noticed an increase in the number of people contacting them about wasp nests, only for the technician to discover they were actually bees. While both can be difficult to live with, in general we try to protect bees because they are important pollinators. Following this, we worked with a freelance journalist and helped them write a story about the German Wasp – Vespula Germanica. I contacted Paul at Cleankill and he furnished me with a few facts and some quotes. I passed these on to the journalist and asked that they include the company name in any articles. Part of our remit with Cleankill is to also write news items for their website and, since this seemed like too good an opportunity to miss, we wrote a news item offering advice on how to deal with wasps and avoid getting stung. So far, from one subject, we had created two news items and passed on some information to a journalist. This was when things became exciting. Our client’s name then began to appear in some of the national press. The first paper we saw it in was The Daily Star, this was quickly followed by the other national newspapers: The Sun, The Mirror, Metro and The Daily Mail. Following this, Paul’s quotes started appearing in the local press: firstly in Plymouth , then Portsmouth, Yorkshire , Doncaster, with others following. They even made to Scotland, in The Sunday Post and The Southern Reporter, and Ireland. So, from one piece of information, our client was now getting name-checks around the country. And it didn’t stop there. With other stories appearing in the press about wasps, Cleankill were suddenly in demand on local radio and was booked to appear on the BBC Sussex Radio Breakfast Show with Neil Pringle. Our friends at QDOS Computer Consultants Ltd then managed to isolate Paul’s section of the broadcast and produced a Youtube video, which was then placed on Cleankill’s Youtube Channel. To listen to their segment, click here. And then it went quiet...until last Wednesday when the same full attributed quotes appeared in the article, “Why are there wasps in my bathroom?”, on the BBC News website. This article has now gone global by being included on a global news website, Rocket News. This subject has since become the subject of Paul’s monthly Cleankill blog and, as you can see, it has become the subject of our blog for September. For a public relations company, wasps have been the gift that keeps giving. Our clients have received coverage in both local and national press, on local radio, and on the behemoth of online news – the BBC News website. In addition, we have been able to create content to drive to Cleankill’s social media feeds. It just goes to show how important it is to generate and maintain good relations with journalists, as without that initial contact we wouldn’t have been able to create so much from basically a few facts and a couple of quotes. In addition, it is also important to know how to build on the content that has been produced. In this case, we have tried to break up the delivery of similar stories in order to avoid boring our social media followers. Finally, the interaction between the Cleankill website and these major media websites, helps with SEO for our client. It genuinely gets me excited when work creates traction of its own, although I was disappointed that this year we didn’t get any newspaper headlines as brilliant as last year’s, “Ouch, Achstung!“, in The Sun newspaper. Blueberry PR office: 2, Danecroft Place, Hellingly, Hailsham, East Sussex BN27 4ES Privacy Policy \| Terms and Conditions \| Copyright Notice Site designed by Heliocentrix \| Copyright © 2019 Blueberry PR	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line51
__label__wiki	0.74437	0.74437	Royal Statistical Society presents 2019 awards The UK Royal Statistical Society has announced the recipients of its 2019 honours, who will be presented with their awards at a ceremony during their annual conference in Belfast this September. Notable among these are the Guy Medals in Silver and Bronze, which will be presented to Susan Murphy and Jonas Peters, respectively, and the RSS Research Prize, to Tengyao Wang. In addition, the Guy Medal in Gold will be presented to Stephen Buckland, and the Barnett Award to Marian Scott. The Guy Medal in Silver is awarded to Susan Murphy, IMS Fellow and President-Elect, for her methodological, computational and applied work on dynamic treatment regimens. Susan’s influential JRSSB paper in 2003 on Optimal Dynamic Treatment Regimens proposed a methodology for estimating decision regimens that result in a maximal mean response, consistent with an elegantly-defined regret function and for use with experimental or observational data. Substantial follow-up work on multi-stage decision making has built on this paper, including Susan’s own work ranging from sample size determination to performance guarantees for individualized treatment rules and applications ranging from addictions to micro-randomized optimization of mobile health interventions for the Fitbit generation. The Guy Medal in Bronze is awarded to IMS member Jonas Peters (University of Copenhagen) for important and innovative contributions to causal inference and related statistical methodology and theory. Of particular note are his two papers in JRSSB, namely ‘Kernel-based tests for joint independence’ (with N. Pfister, P. Bühlmann and B. Schölkopf), published in 2017, and ‘Causal inference using invariant prediction: identification and confidence intervals’ (with P. Bühlmann and N. Meinshausen), which was read to the Society in 2016. The RSS Research Prize is awarded to IMS member Tengyao Wang for his outstanding and diverse contributions to statistical methodology and theory. Amongst other research, he has given new understanding about computational and statistical trade-offs; developed theory for multi-dimensional shape constrained estimators; and introduced a new paradigm and method for detecting changes in high-dimensional data streams. More at https://www.statslife.org.uk/news/4045-announcing-our-honours-recipients-for-2019	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line57
__label__wiki	0.531008	0.531008	Business Mag > Briefing Business Mag Search: Briefing Receive the "Briefing" Newsletter by email A joke Facebook event encouraging people to band together and storm the highly secretive Area 51 site in Nevada has gone viral, inspiring alien memes on Facebook and... Gene Gorelik dropped dollar bills on a homeless camp in an attempt to get residents to leave. None took the offer and the developer was escorted off the site. 1 hour ago - Inman Investment management firm BlackRock now owns a stake in the real estate holding company valued at approximately 16 percent. 2 hours ago - Inman - 4 articles 3 hours ago - Reuters - 10 articles Here's how Volkswagen and Ford's partnership will advance their autonomous and electric vehicle efforts This is an excerpt from a story delivered exclusively to Business Insider Intelligence Transportation & Logistics Briefing subscribers. To receive the full story plus other... 4 hours ago - Business Insider - 6 articles Goldman Sachs execs are jockeying for control of the firm's lucrative private investing units after a plan to merge it - and the stakes couldn't be higher A plan to combine five investing teams into a single alternatives unit has been beset by doubts over the strategy's wisdom and internal rivalries, according to people with... For a $10 yearly fee, Better Homes and Gardens Real Estate agents can provide clients with access to Better Homes and Gardens magazine's Insider program. 4 hours ago - Inman Europe Daily Briefing: The BoE Won't Follow the ECB 6 hours ago - Economy Concierge Auctions teams up with Italian Sotheby's International The alliance will make Concierge Auctions the 'preferred auction provider' of Italian Sotheby's, according to a statement. Kentucky Realtor Michaelle Warner thought the whimsical advertisements would be a fun way to draw attention to her services. Amazon critics and competitors are turning the retailer's fifth-annual summer sales event into a platform to air their grievances and push their own wares. A planned strike... People are urging boycotts of Amazon on one of its biggest days of sales Business Insider/Jessica Tyler Hundreds of people have taken to social media to urge boycotts of Amazon during Prime Day . These people are urging consumers not to shop Prime... These U.S. airlines have the most mishandled baggage Luggage being misplaced, damaged or delayed is a common complaint in air travel. But some airlines do a better job of limiting the issues than others. A new report from the... From Hershey's bars to hand lotion, here's what wealthy convicted sex... Accused sex trafficker Jeffrey Epstein spent $1,222.35 on commissary items during 12 random days in July, August, and September 2008 while serving a 13-month sentence at a jail... Sources: Blackstone will buy mobile video ad firm Vungle for $750 million... Sources said that Blackstone paid more than $750 million to acquire Vungle, the mobile video ad company started by Zain Jaffer in 2011. Are firms too attached to bonds?: The evolution of corporate debt securities If you asked FRED how much the U.S. non-financial sector has in outstanding corporate debt securities , FRED would answer, “Nearly $6.24 trillion, which is over 30% of GDP... JPMorgan Chase's CEO is hunting for the bank's next acquisition - and we... This is an excerpt from a story delivered exclusively to Business Insider Intelligence Banking subscribers. To receive the full story plus other insights each morning, People are calling for boycotts of Amazon on Prime Day - but you might be... Amazon Prime Day 2019 is kicking off today, along with a strike in the company's warehouse in Shakopee, Minnesota. To show solidarity with the striking workers, some online...	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line58
__label__cc	0.737049	0.262951	About Margarita Sign in for course About Margarita Other courses Blog Testimonials Contacts By getting really clear on what you're trying for in your life and work, and what has been holding you back, you can join up all the dots and make the right connections that will open the door to your greater potential. BOOK A DISCOVERY CALL I welcome you as a client to my practice. Many people are unfamiliar with this type of work and have many more questions than can be answered here. I provide a 30 minute complimentary consultation where we can talk about your needs and you can get an overview of a personalised coaching plan. Please get in touch via email, Facebook messenger, or just call me to schedule your discovery call. Consultations take place in Brighton or on-line via Skype (or similar). I ask all potential clients to get started with a complimentary 30 minute discovery call where we can discuss your goals, current challenges, what it might look like to work together, and determine if we are a good fit. A Real Shift Single consultation: 90 minutes - £120 WorkLife Upgrade - a block of six sessions Block of six sessions, weekly or fortnightly, 90 minutes each - £600 Profound Change - on-going program Initial consultation: 90 minutes – £90 Follow-up consultations: 45 mins - £60 Three month program with one initial 90 minute consultation and two 45 minute follow-up consultations: £180 - 15% discount Lift Off - 1 year programme of coaching 8 consultations and unlimited messaging - £55 per month paid yearly (£660 per year) Call: +44 (0)7717-315-078 Email: byheart.coaching@gmail.com You can also contact me directly via Facebook Messenger: Email Margarita Contact via Facebook Messenger Straight to the heart of the matter "The guidance I've received from Margarita has been positively life-changing. After each session I enjoy with her, I end up with another glorious nugget of self-realisation that has a profound impact on my mental wellbeing and my day-to-day life. Ahead of my first taste of psycho-synthesis with Margarita, I was experiencing a constant tightness in the head and chest, stress and burn-out. All of that has almost completely disappeared. I'm very confident it isn't just fleeting relief. That's because the depth of introspection she has navigated me through has astonishingly revealed some fundamental truths about my identity, behaviours, beliefs and desires. But, Margarita's magic doesn't end with that enlightening analysis. She's enabled me to devise better ways of being. For example, we were able to pinpoint that I had a propensity to treat others with a degree of compassion I wasn't affording myself. Instead, I was continually punishing myself, which caused stress. Using role play, she helped me find a way for compassion to guide my Will (my principle desire/purpose) so I would treat myself in a more kind and rational manner rather than beating myself up when I did something 'wrong'. I haven't felt this much at ease, self-confident and grounded in years. Rather than cowering at the thought of taking on the future and its plethora of potential problems, I'm excited by the challenge of pursuing my Will and creating the future that is most me. Needless to say, I urge anybody and everybody to take the step to psycho-synthesise with Margarita, no matter who you are and where you're at in your life. If you're confused, stuck, fearful about anything or just want to learn more about yourself, get in touch with her! It could significantly change your life, like it has mine." Adam Bates, Founder and Director of Ambigo CIC Meet Margarita	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line59
__label__wiki	0.549497	0.549497	She�s on a heroic mission. Her challenge is enormous�to make everyone else care about the environment and global warming as much as she does�it�s a classic noble quest framed in modern terms, but hey�not to worry�Laurie David is an epic adventurer, one part underdog, the other part wrecking machine. It�s a precarious business�trying to see ourselves through another�s eyes�but Laurie David who has more than one trick up her sleeve, guesses that those who know her best would characterize her as being �charmingly aggressive.� They would be talking about the all-grown-up version of David, a leading environmental activist, (www.lauriedavid.com) once described by the New-York based environmental group Riverkeeper as the �single most effective environmental voice in America.� By contrast, the dark-haired little girl raised in the overdeveloped suburbs of Long Island was tender and earnest. �I was kind of a do-gooder. I was very serious about my school and I used to be a very sweet kid. I used to write poems to my mom, all that kind of stuff. I think I was a pretty straight�I was an average kid.� Seemingly average might be a more apt signifier, after all there were incipient signs of the citizen soldier to come. �As a young girl I was obsessed with littering. I thought littering was one of the worst injustices man perpetrated on the planet. I don�t know why I felt that way but, in those days, people would smoke cigarettes in their cars�my mother was a chain smoker, so the ashtray would fill up with cigarettes and people would dump it on the side of the road and I found that appalling. People threw cups and papers and everything out their windows. There was no consciousness about it at all. It was my first battle.� The roots of her environmental awakening don�t appear to have much of a foundation in childhood experience. Although she loved the out-of-doors as a kid, she�d never been to a national park�it wasn�t until five years ago that she finally stepped foot inside a forest�fortunately for the wider world�she loved it. �You know it�s a clich� to talk about trees but I�m emotionally attached to trees and I don�t know where the heck that comes from�I wasn�t a country girl at all.� She was mildly interested in politics as an adolescent, kept current by reading newspapers, always thought of herself as a Democrat and was invested enough to watch presidential debates in election years, but these were more emblematic of a lively mind rather than a committed intellect. Even as a girl, however, David knew what she wanted. �I remember staying up as a little kid, my parents letting me watch the Emmys and the Oscars �that was a big night in my house when I got to watch those shows. I remember thinking �wow.� I just always wanted to be in the entertainment business and everything was always driving me in that direction�� Fascinated by pop culture, she also possessed a unique instinct for sussing out the zeitgeist. �I could read a book before anyone else read it and I could know this book is going to be a bestseller. Or I could look at a room and spot the one person in the room who had major potential as an actor. I have great instincts and I have common sense and those are the two things I�ve used to get me where I am today, wherever that may be.� Interested in becoming a photojournalist, she studied magazine journalism in Ohio. �My first job was at a Dodge Dart dealership, which is so ironic, I was writing television commercials for this local car dealer. �And that�s how I got started in show business right away, never knowing that many years later I�d be working on fuel emissions�� Her subsequent stint as a researcher on the David Letterman show, an experience, which she likens to attending �Comedy U�, in combination with her humor, temperamental predilections and interests, represented the beginning of her life-long love affair with comedy and comedians. �I was surrounded by comedians, I loved to laugh. It takes such genius to be funny�that�s the hardest talent there is�to be funny, to make people laugh and that intrigued me. I was always somebody who was attracted to talent, always, and always somebody who had an eye for talent.� Never interested in the spotlight, David excelled in the shadows. �I was the person who could make things happen. I was a manager of comedians because I could get their careers going�I always wanted to work behind the scenes.� She became a manager, directing the careers of people like Chris Elliot and Carol Leifer�driven by the same sort of idealism that once predicted and now fuels and sustains her current social activism. �I loved trying to make people�s dreams come true. And that�s what it is working with young undiscovered comic talent, it was about trying to make their dreams come true, turn them into stars, get them jobs on TV shows, and I just loved that, being the aggressor on behalf of someone I believed in.� Highly ambitious but never particularly motivated by money�David was focused on becoming head of a TV network or studio and produced a number of comedy specials for HBO, Showtime, MTV and Fox. After re-locating to Los Angeles from New York, she became vice-president of comedy development for Fox Broadcasting and was in the business of developing sitcoms for Twentieth Century Television. Married to comedian Larry David before he gained enormous success as co-creator of Seinfeld�his current HBO show, Curb Your Enthusiasm is a cultural phenomenon in its own right�David, feeling the first flutter of career disenchantment, launched a more personal and life-altering project when she became the mother of two daughters. �Every single meeting I attended in the television business at that point� all these writers were telling me that they were going to come up with the next Seinfeld and I just thought �who is going to come up with a better show than this?� Forget it. And then I had two kids. And I thought, you know what? I�m going to take all this ambition and I�m going to take all these resources and all these contacts and I�m going to use it on behalf of something I deeply believe in and that�s environmental issues.� Motherhood changed David in ways she hadn�t anticipated�similarly it was a meeting with environmental activists Robert F. Kennedy jr. and John Adams, president of the Natural Resources Defense Council (www.nrdc.org) that led to a remarkable metamorphosis. �I sat there and listened to Bobby talk about the how environment was the ultimate civil rights issue, the right to clean air, clean water�this is as basic to civil rights as it comes and I can�t tell you how that impacted me. I left that breakfast and I have never been the same since.� David began reading everything she could get her hands on concerning the environment. �Once you have a focus then things pop up at you. You read a paper one day and you never notice certain things and then all of a sudden your focus shifts and you think, �oh my god, look at all this stuff.� Once I started educating myself, it became very clear to me very quickly that the mother of all issues is global warming and that if we don�t do something about this now�We�re basically altering life on this planet as we know it and we�re doing it consciously because now we know the truth. We�ve had scientists, a complete and total consensus of scientific study now saying the globe is warming�and 2,000 scientists from 100 countries have all said the same thing.� The rest, as someone less imaginative than David might say, is her story. Fierce, frank and fearless, she is on an urgent mission. She�s never worked so hard in her life. �I spend every minute of the day trying to figure out how to permeate popular culture on this issue�This is more than a job. Everything you do in your life�when you get to the point in your life and you�ve figured out where your passion is and what you�re going to do, you use everything you�ve got. So even that crazy job in Cincinnati at the Dodge dealership, working at the Letterman show, everything is coming together and I�m using it all on behalf of my issue. I�m producing a huge primetime television special, which is the first primetime cause-oriented special in over a decade and it�s called Earth to America and it�s an evening of comedy, music and message about guess what? Global warming. So this is an amazing thing from a comedy producer. I�m now going to be able to reach 90 million American homes on this issue.� She�s also producing an HBO feature documentary scheduled to run in the spring concerning the consequences of global warming. David, an astoundingly gifted fundraiser with a talent for twisting arms, has raised millions of dollars for various environmental and public arts causes and has also launched a year-long Stop Global Warming Virtual March on Washington, (www.stopglobalwarming.org). �In the old days, if you wanted to build a grassroots movement you�d get people to march out on the streets but it doesn�t work anymore�you just wind up as 30 seconds on the evening news. I had this idea to do it virtually on the Internet and let�s not just do it for one day�let�s march and build this march. We�ll make it so strong that nobody can ignore it� the media and congress and the administration can no longer ignore this issue and that�s what I�m working on right now� I�ve got everyone from Walter Cronkite to Senator John McCain to a football team, and celebrities. I�m just trying to put everybody in one place so the power of the movement can be felt.� Incredibly, she also finds time to maintain a blog on The Huffington Post, (www.huffingtonpost.com). A founding member of the Detroit Project, (www.thedetroitproject.com) David, who lives in Pacific Palisades in California, is active in trying to educate both the public and auto-makers about the importance of better, safer and more fuel-efficient cars. Not surprisingly, her two pre-teen daughters are very aware of who drives hybrid cars and who doesn�t. �I think the only way to pass on morals to kids is through what they observe. They pick up everything by observation. They see everything and hopefully they absorb some of it. My kids�there�s not serious pressures on my kids�I just want them to care about their community and care about their environment and if they become adults that do that, then I will have had a huge success.� A self-confessed party girl, David happily concedes that she likes to have fun and laugh and dress up and go out on the town. �That�s a relief for me�I think other people would say I�m intense but I don�t think I�m intense. I can be intense but I can relax, totally relax, I can fall asleep at night, I get tired, I go to sleep, get up the next day. I enjoy life. I try to take some of the summer off and just play and I love to kayak and water ski.� Her privilege, celebrity and glamorous connections�effortless targets for critics�aren�t always an asset. �The bigger issue that I grapple with is the ridiculous standard that people who work on environmental issues are held to�I expect everybody to do something, not everything. We�re held to a standard that nobody can fulfill and all that does is continue to marginalize people and it�s completely wrong. For me, these issues aren�t just about the environment, these are public health issues�this is a national security issue we�re talking about. Look at these hurricanes and look at the evacuations and flooding�this is not just about the environment, it�s about public health and public safety. And I also think that it�s very easy for people to get overwhelmed��okay, if I can�t hit perfection then I�m not going to do anything.� Maybe I don� t wear hemp clothes�but I try to give 100 per cent more than I take. �If we all did one thing we would be well on our way to a better world.� An optimist by nature, David expresses hope and excitement for the future. �I don�t know a single environmentalist who is isn�t an optimist. Al Gore had a great line when he said we don�t need people to go from denial to despair�for me the thing that�s so exciting about this issue is that all the solutions already exist. We don�t have to wait a decade for something to be invented. And all the things we need to be doing about global warming we should be doing anyway to ease our dependence on oil to make this country safer and more secure. This is about a new, clean, industrial revolution, and it's going to provide jobs and economic opportunity�this could be a great moment in history if we could just get the public will behind it.� And then there�s the small matter of her marriage. �The only thing I have to be careful of is completely destroying my marriage because I�m making my husband do so many things that he would never do except at my request. I gave his car away for an MTV contest without telling him. And there are various other things that are going on in our lives, so in that sense I�m probably on a little thin ice with him and he is a total reluctant environmentalist. He has to deal with me saying to take shorter showers... I started reading about paper and toilet paper and cutting trees down to make toilet tissue for the country and I was doing a contest with myself to see which member of my family would complain about the toilet paper first. I�m waiting� and then a day or two goes by and I�m in a theater with my husband and in the middle of the show he looks at me and says, �I can�t sit here anymore because of that toilet paper you have now� and I just started laughing hysterically.� Ultimately, Laurie David is in an enviable position�unlike many people, she knows why she wakes up in the morning. �I�m not searching anymore. I�m not in that stage of life where I�m searching about why I�m here and what I should be doing.� Committed to growth and a true believer in the merit of change, David knows she�s still a work in progress and�in the words of another famously optimistic and charming powerhouse�tomorrow is another day. �I need to become a more spiritual person�I would say that is one of my weaknesses. I�m too focused on moving forward to spend much time reflecting and that�s something I need to do�maybe that�s for when I get into my fifties, a couple of more years to go and then I�ll start on the spiritual side of it.�	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line64
__label__cc	0.605385	0.394615	Approval of Expansion of Subzone 78A; Nissan North America, Inc.; Smyrna, Tennessee Topics: Nissan Paul Piquado Andrew McGilvray [Federal Register Volume 81, Number 113 (Monday, June 13, 2016)] [Notices] [Pages 38130-38131] From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] [FR Doc No: 2016-13946] [Order No. 2002] Approval of Expansion of Subzone 78A; Nissan North America, Inc.; Smyrna, Tennessee Pursuant to its authority under the Foreign-Trade Zones Act of June 18, 1934, as amended (19 U.S.C. 81a-81u), the Foreign-Trade Zones Board (the Board) adopts the following Order: Whereas, the Foreign-Trade Zones Act provides for ``. . . the establishment . . . of foreign-trade zones in ports of entry of the United States, to expedite and encourage foreign commerce, and for other purposes,'' and authorizes the Foreign-Trade Zones Board to grant to qualified corporations the privilege of establishing foreign-trade zones in or adjacent to U.S. Customs and Border Protection ports of entry; Whereas, the Board's regulations (15 CFR part 400) provide for the establishment of subzones for specific uses; Whereas, the Metropolitan Government of Nashville and Davidson County, grantee of Foreign-Trade Zone 78, has made application to the Board to expand Subzone 78A on behalf of Nissan North America, Inc., located in Smyrna, Tennessee (FTZ Docket B-84-2015, docketed December 23, 2015); Whereas, notice inviting public comment has been given in the Federal Register (81 FR 63, January 4, 2016) and the application has been processed pursuant to the FTZ Act and the Board's regulations; [[Page 38131]] Whereas, the Board adopts the findings and recommendations of the examiner's memorandum, and finds that the requirements of the FTZ Act and the Board's regulations are satisfied; Now, therefore, the Board hereby approves the expansion of Subzone 78A on behalf of Nissan North America, Inc., as described in the application and Federal Register notice, subject to the FTZ Act and the Board's regulations, including Section 400.13. Signed at Washington, DC, this 2nd day of June 2016. Paul Piquado, Assistant Secretary of Commerce for Enforcement and Compliance, Alternate Chairman, Foreign-Trade Zones Board. Andrew McGilvray, Executive Secretary. [FR Doc. 2016-13946 Filed 6-10-16; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 3510-DS-P	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line81
__label__wiki	0.691988	0.691988	Archbishop's Messages Questions on Faith Vocation Booklets Chancery Notice: New nuncio appointed to Singapore Archbishop Marek Zalewski As of 21 May 2018, His Holiness Pope Francis has appointed His Excellency Archbishop Marek Zalewski as Apostolic Nuncio to the Republic of Singapore, as well as non-resident Pontifical Representative for Vietnam. This is Archbishop Zalewski's second assignment to Singapore, the first being from 2011-2012 when he served as Counsellor of the Nunciature. Prior to his new appointment, Archbishop Zalewski was the Apostolic Nuncio to Zimbabwe. • Born in Augustów, Poland on 2 February 1963; • Ordained to the Priesthood in Poland on 27 May 1989; • Holds a Doctorate in Canon Law from Pontificia Università Gregoriana (Gregorian University) • Since entering the diplomatic service of the Holy See in July 1995, he has had the following postings: • Central African Republic (1995-1998) • United Nations Organisation – New York (1998-2001) • Great Britain (2001-2004) • Germany (2004-2008) • Thailand (2008-2011) • Singapore (2011-2012) • Malaysia (2012-2014); • Appointed Titular Archbishop of Africa (Mehdia, in Tunisia) and Apostolic Nuncio (Ambassador) to Zimbabwe by Pope Francis on 25 March 2014; • Besides his native language, he speaks Italian, English and French. We welcome Archbishop Zalewski back to Singapore and wish him a fruitful term. Fr. John-Paul Tan OFM, JCL Chancery of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Singapore #07-01 Catholic Centre, 55 Waterloo Street, Singapore 187954 Parent Category: CatholicNews Category: JUNE 10, 2018, Vol 68, No 12 Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Singapore 16 JULY, 2019, Tuesday, 15th Week, Ordinary Time 15 JULY, 2019, Monday, 15th Week, Ordinary Time 14 JULY, 2019, Sunday, 15th Week, Ordinary Time Subscription Enquiry CatholicNews Explaining God's Word In Memoriam Advertisements Archdiocese Website Chancery Notices famfare! Our Social Mission (Values) Counsellor from M’sian nunciature appointed nuncio to Zimbabwe (9 matches) Chancery Notice - 25 March 2014 (8 matches) New nuncio arrives (6 matches) Appreciation for pope's work at Mass marking his 3rd anniversary (5 matches) Mass to mark pope's election (5 matches) Chancery Notice - 14 May 2014 (4 matches) Chancery Notice - 2 September 2014 (4 matches) Italian Catholic community celebrates Christmas (4 matches) Nuncio stresses dialogue with other communities at bishops' meeting (4 matches) Other Pontifical Acts - 8, 10 March 2014 (4 matches) © 2019 CatholicNews	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line83
__label__cc	0.683784	0.316216	RobertAppleby01's blog Rev. Joseph Lowrey RobertAppleby01 Lowrey Israel Under Attack...AGAIN Once again, an enemy of Israel attacks civilians with thousands of rockets, and Israel is asked to show restraint and talk. I wonder how we would react if we were in Israel’s position. They are surrounded by those who reject their right to exist and fight daily to erase them from the landscape forever. Their enemies consider all Jews their enemy regardless of age, sex, civilian or military. They indiscriminately lob rockets and deploy homicide bombers in areas around schools, hospitals and shops and show no remorse for shedding of civilian blood. Many leaders, including the US have asked Israel over and over again to show restraint while their people are murdered by a fanatic enemy whose goal is martyrdom. Peace will never be attained as long as there are those who refuse to allow Israel to exist and follow the demented mindset of fanatical Islam. California AG Bows Under Pressure California Attorney-General turns against Prop 8 Lisa Leff - Associated Press Writer - 12/20/2008 7:05:00 AM SAN FRANCISCO - California's attorney general has changed his position on the state's new same-sex marriage ban and is now joining forces with homosexual activists to overturn the results of Proposition 8. Where's the Media Outrage? Planned Parenthood Gives Cover For Child Molester Another incident has surfaced involving an underage girl receiving an abortion and no attention being paid to the child molester who impregnated her. Yet Another "Shady" Obama Connection Can I just wonder out loud for a moment? Open Letter to Pastors and Church Leadership I have to wonder what is going on in the body of Christ, and more specifically with Church leadership. Things that used to bring us to our knees and cause our voices to rise in support of righteousness, now cause not even a small ripple effect. Gay activist in New Jersey forces gay agenda Gay Activists Win Suit- God help us Suit forces eHarmony to offer gay dating service Wed Nov 19, 3:33 pm ET NEW YORK (Reuters) – Online dating service eHarmony has agreed to create a new website for gays and lesbians as part of a settlement with a gay man in New Jersey, the New Jersey Office of the Attorney General said on Wednesday. The website will provide a dating service with "male seeking a male" or "female seeking a female" options, the Attorney General's office said in a statement. Okay...Now What? On November 4th, a small majority of voters elected Barak Obama as the 44th President of the United States. Mr. Obama was definitely not my choice, and my reasons were many for opposing him. From his position on abortion, to gay marriage to the possibility of changing the makeup of the Supreme Court, his candidacy troubled me greatly, and now after the election I am even more troubled. So what should my response now be according to scripture?	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line85
__label__wiki	0.808133	0.808133	comedy, game, games, geek, hesher, historical, history, kid, kids, metal, movie, movie podcast, movies, music, nerd, podcast, religious podcast, south park, television Episode 58 - Coffee & Party Favor Dan begrudgingly pounds a cold brew before ripping Nariko apart over coffee & party favors. Tagged: podcast recording, podcast, podcast recording', live podcast, comedy, stand, standup, stand up, stand-up, standup comedy, standup comic, standup comedian, stand up comedian, stand-up comedy, stand-up comic, stand up comedy, stand-up comedian, stand up comic, comedy podcast, comedy central, comedy festival, comedy festivals, music podcast, coffee, columba, nicaragua, ethiopia, africa, south america, us, hawaii, knoa, kona, kona coffee, bulletproof, weasel puke, puke, civet cat, cat, civet, shit, shitty, poop, party, favor, party favor, guns, gun, ammo, ar15, handgun, deagle, desert eagle, glock comedy, game, games, hesher, historical, history, kid, kids, geek, children, child, music, movies, movie, nerd, podcast, stand up comedy Episode 56 - 90s Toy & Mall Santa Dan & Nariko summon demons by collecting baby skulls in this edition of What’s More Metal where they debate the most metal 90s toys and mall Santas. Tagged: stand up comedian, standup comedy, standup, stand-up comedy, stand-up comic, standup comic, stand up comedy, stand up, standup comedian, stand, stand-up, stand-up comedian, stand up comic, com, comedycentral, comedian, comedy, com', comedy central, comedy festival, comedy podcast, comic, toy, toys, 80s, 80s toys, n64, golden eye, goldeneye, james, bond, james bond, cheat code, cheat codes, mario cart, mario kart, mariocart, mariokart, kart, mario, pod, pod', podfest, portland podfest, pdx podfest, podcast festival, podcast, podcast recording, podcast recording', pdx podcast festival, pdx podcast, portland podcast, live podcast, bonus podcast, music podcast, history podcast, movie podcast, educational podcast, game, video, video game, video games, games, videos, screen, atari, nintendo, nintenod, nes, game system, console, pc, pc games, console games, computer, computer games, nerd, geek, metal, met, met', most metal, metalocalypse, metallica, metal music, death metal, heavy metal, black metal, what's more metal, wmm, history, historical, historical podcast, stage, performance, play, playtime, 90s comedy, game, games, geek, hesher, historical, history, kid, kids, metal, mortal kombat, movie, movie podcast, movies, music, nerd, podcast, religious podcast, stand up comedy Episode 55 - 80s Toy & N64 Game Nariko and Dan square off with 80s toys and N64 games while shooting each other in big head mode with the golden gun. Special guest shooter Hunter Donaldson. Tagged: stand up comedian, standup comedy, standup, stand-up comedy, stand-up comic, standup comic, stand up comedy, stand up, standup comedian, stand, stand-up, stand-up comedian, stand up comic, com, comedycentral, comedian, comedy, com', comedy central, comedy festival, comedy podcast, comic, toy, toys, 80s, 80s toys, n64, golden eye, goldeneye, james, bond, james bond, cheat code, cheat codes, mario cart, mario kart, mariocart, mariokart, kart, mario, pod, pod', podfest, portland podfest, pdx podfest, podcast festival, podcast, podcast recording, podcast recording', pdx podcast festival, pdx podcast, portland podcast, live podcast, bonus podcast, music podcast, history podcast, movie podcast, educational podcast, game, video, video game, video games, games, videos, screen, atari, nintendo, nintenod, nes, game system, console, pc, pc games, console games, computer, computer games, nerd, geek, metal, met, met', most metal, metalocalypse, metallica, metal music, death metal, heavy metal, black metal, what's more metal, wmm, history, historical, historical podcast, stage, performance comedy, game, games, geek, hesher, historical, history, metal, movie, movie podcast, movies, music, podcast, religious podcast, stand up comedy, television, tv Episode 53 - Hall & Oats Songs Nariko and Dan attempt to stab each other through the hearts with sporks while debating the most metal Hall & Oats songs. Tagged: hall, oats, hall and oats, hall & oats, 80s music, 80s, 80s songs, 1980, 1980s, standup, stand up, stand, stand-up, stand-up comedy, standup comedy, standup comic, standup comedian, stand up comedian, stand-up comic, stand up comedy, stand-up comedian, stand up comic, comedy, comedy podcast, comedian, pod, pod', podcast recording, podcast, podcast recording', portland, portland podcast, pdx, pdx podcast, funhouse, funhouse lounge, dan weber, nariko ott, radio, music, musical, melody, maneater, i can't go for that, you make my dreams, rich girl, she's gone, out of touch	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line91
__label__cc	0.730317	0.269683	Warning: Illegal string offset 'relative' in /home/cecweb/public_html/libraries/src/HTML/HTMLHelper.php on line 626 Warning: Cannot assign an empty string to a string offset in /home/cecweb/public_html/libraries/src/HTML/HTMLHelper.php on line 626 Warning: Illegal string offset 'pathOnly' in /home/cecweb/public_html/libraries/src/HTML/HTMLHelper.php on line 627 Warning: Cannot assign an empty string to a string offset in /home/cecweb/public_html/libraries/src/HTML/HTMLHelper.php on line 627 Warning: Illegal string offset 'detectBrowser' in /home/cecweb/public_html/libraries/src/HTML/HTMLHelper.php on line 628 Warning: Illegal string offset 'detectDebug' in /home/cecweb/public_html/libraries/src/HTML/HTMLHelper.php on line 629 Warning: Illegal string offset 'relative' in /home/cecweb/public_html/libraries/src/HTML/HTMLHelper.php on line 632 Warning: Illegal string offset 'detectBrowser' in /home/cecweb/public_html/libraries/src/HTML/HTMLHelper.php on line 632 Warning: Illegal string offset 'detectDebug' in /home/cecweb/public_html/libraries/src/HTML/HTMLHelper.php on line 632 Warning: Illegal string offset 'pathOnly' in /home/cecweb/public_html/libraries/src/HTML/HTMLHelper.php on line 635 the ruler Just then, a man named Jairus came. He was a leader of the synagogue. He fell down at Jesus' feet and pleaded with Him to come to his house, Read Whole Chapter After the reading of the Law and the Prophets, the leaders of the synagogue sent [word] to them, saying, "Brothers, if you have any message of encouragement for the people, you can speak." Crispus, the leader of the synagogue, believed the Lord, along with his whole household; and many of the Corinthians, when they heard, believed and were baptized. Then they all seized Sosthenes, the leader of the synagogue, and beat him in front of the judge's bench. But none of these things concerned Gallio. They, however, were filled with rage and started discussing with one another what they might do to Jesus. The man went and reported to the Jews that it was Jesus who had made him well. Therefore, the Jews began persecuting Jesus because He was doing these things on the Sabbath. I can testify about them that they have zeal for God, but not according to knowledge. You are to labor six days and do all your work, "Do your work for six days but rest on the seventh day so that your ox and your donkey may rest, and the son of your female slave as well as the foreign resident may be refreshed. Leviticus 23:3 "For six days work may be done, but on the seventh day there must be a Sabbath of complete rest, a sacred assembly. You are not to do any work; it is a Sabbath to the LORD wherever you live. I also gave them My Sabbaths to serve as a sign between Me and them, so they will know that I am the LORD who sets them apart as holy. Luke 6:7 The scribes and Pharisees were watching Him closely, to see if He would heal on the Sabbath, so that they could find a charge against Him. Luke 14:3-6 In response, Jesus asked the law experts and the Pharisees, "Is it lawful to heal on the Sabbath or not?" But they kept silent. He took the man, healed him, and sent him away. And to them, He said, "Which of you whose son or ox falls into a well, will not immediately pull him out on the Sabbath day?" To this they could find no answer. There He saw a man who had a paralyzed hand. And in order to accuse Him they asked Him, "Is it lawful to heal on the Sabbath?" But He said to them, "What man among you, if he had a sheep that fell into a pit on the Sabbath, wouldn't take hold of it and lift it out? A man is worth far more than a sheep, so it is lawful to do good on the Sabbath." Mark 3:2-6 In order to accuse Him, they were watching Him closely to see whether He would heal him on the Sabbath. He told the man with the paralyzed hand, "Stand before us." Then He said to them, "Is it lawful on the Sabbath to do good or to do evil, to save life or to kill?" But they were silent. After looking around at them with anger and sorrow at the hardness of their hearts, He told the man, "Stretch out your hand." So he stretched it out, and his hand was restored. Immediately the Pharisees went out and started plotting with the Herodians against Him, how they might destroy Him. The day that Jesus made the mud and opened his eyes was a Sabbath. So again the Pharisees asked him how he received his sight. "He put mud on my eyes," he told them. "I washed and I can see." Therefore some of the Pharisees said, "This man is not from God, for He doesn't keep the Sabbath!" But others were saying, "How can a sinful man perform such signs?" And there was a division among them.	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line92
__label__cc	0.550634	0.449366	Chris Carosa The Complete List Where to Buy Them Postcard Perfect, In Any Season By Chris Carosa on October 30, 2012 On July 4th, 1928, nearly three years after the opening of the Erie Canal, Charles Carroll, 91 years old and the last surviving signer of the Declaration of Independence, turned over the first shovel of dirt, marking the beginning of construction of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, America’s first railroad.1 With this single action, the Erie Canal’s death notice had been signed. Even before the B&O was created, the Mohawk and Hudson Railroad was incorporated in New York on April 17th, 1826, less than six months after Governor Dewitt Clinton dedicated the grand opening of his “ditch.”2 Ironically, the purpose of the Mohawk and Hudson was to compete with the Erie Canal. When New York’s railroad finally managed to finance itself, (delayed financing allowed the B&O to be constructed first), it could be built. Completed a year later in August, 1831,3 it took less than an hour to travel the 17-mile rail line compared to the all-day meandering 40-mile segment of the Erie Canal it replaced.4 The name of the steam locomotive to make this first run: none other than Continue Reading “Postcard Perfect, In Any Season” Posted in Western New York State of Mind Tagged 50 Hidden Gems, Arcade, Arcade and Attica Railroad, Attica, Attica and Allegany Valley Railroad, Attica and Arcade Railroad, Attica and Freedom Railroad, B&O, Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, Birdsill Holly, Blasdell, Boonton, Buffalo, Buffalo Attica and Arcade Railroad, Cattaraugus County, Charles Carroll, Chautauqua County, Cuba, Curriers, Delaware Lackawanna and Western Railroad, DeWitt Clinton, DL&W, Dunkirk, Erie Canal, Erie County, Erie Railroad, Hydraulic Tunnel, Kenneth Springirth, Lackawanna, Lockport, Millard Fillmore, Mohawk and Hudson Railroad, New York Central, Ridge Road Bridge, Sandusky, Seneca Yard, Tonawanda Valley and Cuba Railroad, Tonawanda Valley Railroad, Wyoming County Welcome to ChrisCarosa.com Did you ever have a dream you kept putting off? A place you always wanted to visit? A story you always wanted to tell? So did I. (Notice the past tense.) This site might give you a clue about how I accomplished this. Who knows? It may even reveal to you how you can realize your own greatest goals. Interested in learning more? Find me on Twitter and LinkedIn. You can also subscribe to the RSS feed. 30-Days to Dominate Twitter Experiment Gray Matter Musings Great Speaking Tips Great Writing Tips It's a Nerd's World Memoir of a Real Life Slush Pile The Compleat Carosa Commentaries Western New York State of Mind 50 Hidden Gems astronomy astronomytop100 baseball Bills Blasdell Boy Scout Buffalo Buffalo Bills Christmas Davenport Erie County erie county fair facebook fiction fiduciarynews football Founding Fathers George Washington Greater Western New York Growing Up hamburg Hamburg Fair Honeoye Falls humor Jamboree Kenny Lackawanna Lima Mendon Monroe County New York Niagara Falls philosophy politics psychology Rochester Ronald Reagan Sentinel social media Star Trek Twitter Web 2.0 Western New York Yale Copyright © 2019 Chris Carosa.	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line102
__label__cc	0.589211	0.410789	Many people injured in Third phase election Many people injured in Third phase election The third phase vote takes place in several states including West Bengal. From 7 am this morning the voters stand in line and perform their democratic tasks. In this situation, a voter died in a confrontation during a vote in West Bengal. In Murshidabad, West Bengal, … Today is a World Book Day Tuesday, April 23, 2019 9:53 am Education, News karpaga valli 0 159 Today is a World Book Day On this World BookDay, let’s celebrate reading & recognize the scope of books – a link between the past and future, a bridge between generations and across cultures. A good book is an opportunity to see a new world, a vision or a great life through the magic of words. “A … scope of books EC orders action against illegal vote of Sivakarthikeyan Tuesday, April 23, 2019 9:37 am News karpaga valli 0 199 EC orders action against illegal vote of Sivakarthikeyan Tamil Nadu Chief Electoral Officer Satyabrata Sahoo has said that action will be taken against the officials who will be allowed to vote for actor Sivakarthikeyan. Many people were disappointed that they had not been able to vote against the voter’s … Satyabrata Sahoo sivakarthikeyan Heavy Rainfall expected on April 29th Heavy Rainfall expected on April 29th The Chennai Meteorological Survey said that the storm in the Bay of Bengal is likely to cause heavy rainfall from 29th april. Meteorological Center Director,met with reporters. On the 25th, the Indian Ocean and the lower northwest coast of the southwest coast of Bay of Bengal … Chennai Meteorological Survey Fire broke out in Aurangabad wood factory Fire broke out in Aurangabad wood factory Thousands of rupees worth of goods were burned down in a fiery fire in the woodworking factory in Aurangabad. The fire broke out today at a massive laboratory functioning in the area of 22 acres of land in Aurangabad, Maharashtra. In this, the woods worth several lakh … woodworking factory Venkaiah Naidu arrived Andhra pradesh Venkaiah Naidu arrived Andhra pradesh Venkaiah Naidu is an Indian politician and the current Vice President of India, going to TADA today. Tamil Nadu Governor Panwarilal Purohit and Chief Secretary Girija Vaidyanathan welcomed venkaiah naidu, Chennai last night to attend various events. He stayed in Chennai this … Powerful earthquake occurred in Philippines Powerful earthquake occurred in Philippines Manila: A powerful earthquake has occurred in the Philippines. It was recorded at 6.6 on the Richter scale. This led to people scattered on the roads. The Philippines is the most affected region of the earthquake. Since the country is located in the most dangerous area … Death toll increased 310 in Sri Lanka attack Death toll increased 310 in Sri Lanka attack The death toll in Sri Lanka serial blasts has risen to 310. About 40 people have been arrested in connection with the involvement in the terrorist movement. At least 310 people have been killed in a series of bomb attacks on Sunday in Sri Lanka. 35 foreigners also lost … Prince louis celebrates first birthday Tuesday, April 23, 2019 6:26 am News karpaga valli 0 97 Prince louis celebrates first birthday prince louis is celebrating his first birthday today. Louis, Prince of England’s Queen Elizabeth II and Prince William-Kate’s 3rd child, is celebrating her first birthday and the royal family and nobles are visiting the house in Norfolk greetings and blessings. …	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line103
__label__cc	0.69275	0.30725	The Aeronautical Journal Volume 122 Issue 1252 URL: /core/journals/aeronautical-journal Published on behalf of The Royal Aeronautical Society 2017 RAeS Written Paper Prize Winners Volume 122 - Issue 1252 - June 2018 Peter Bearman I am stepping down as Editor-in-Chief of The Aeronautical Journal at the end of May. This was not an easy decision to make, as I have very much enjoyed being involved with the Journal over a period of some 15 years but it was time for a younger person with fresh ideas and fresh energy to take over the reins. My association with the Journal began in the early 2000s when the Editor at the time, Professor John Stollery, invited me to take over the Chair of a small editorial group that had been set up by Eric Rogers of the National Physical Laboratory to oversee the production and development of the Journal. The Group, which continues to meet monthly, consisted at the time of the Editor, the Chairman and key members of the Publications Department. In May 2005, the Group was strengthened by the arrival of Professor Mike Graham. Unfortunately personal reasons forced John Stollery to retire from the Editorship in December 2006 and he asked if I would take over the position. I agreed and Mike Graham then became the Chairman of the Editorial Group. More recently, the Group, which is now entitled the Editorial Committee of The Aeronautical Journal, was strengthened further by the appointment of Professor Chris Atkin as Deputy Chairman. Investigations of the synergy of Composite Cycle and intercooled recuperation ISABE 2017 Sascha Kaiser, Markus Nickl, Christina Salpingidou, Zinon Vlahostergios, Stefan Donnerhack, Hermann Klingels The synergistic combination of two promising engine architectures for future aero engines is presented. The first is the Composite Cycle Engine, which introduces a piston system in the high pressure part of the core engine, to utilise closed volume combustion and high temperature capability due to instationary operation. The second is the Intercooled Recuperated engine that employs recuperators to utilise waste heat from the core engine exhaust and intercooler to improve temperature levels for recuperation and to reduce compression work. Combinations of both architectures are presented and investigated for improvement potential with respect to specific fuel consumption, engine weight and fuel burn against a turbofan. The Composite Cycle alone provides a 15.6% fuel burn reduction against a turbofan. Options for adding intercooler were screened, and a benefit of up to 1.9% fuel burn could be shown for installation in front of a piston system through a significant, efficiency-neutral weight decrease. Waste heat can be utilised by means of classic recuperation to the entire core mass flow before the combustor, or alternatively on the turbine cooling bleed or a piston engine bypass flow that is mixed again with the main flow before the combustor. As further permutation, waste heat can be recovered either after the low pressure turbine – with or without sequential combustion – or between the high pressure and low pressure turbine. Waste heat recovery after the low pressure turbine was found to be not easily feasible or tied to high fuel burn penalties due to unfavourable temperature levels, even when using sequential combustion or intercooling. Feasible temperature levels could be obtained with inter-turbine waste heat recovery but always resulted in at least 0.3% higher fuel burn compared to the non-recuperated baseline under the given assumptions. Consequently, only the application of an intercooler appears to provide a considerable benefit for the examined thermodynamic conditions in the low fidelity analyses of various engine architecture combinations with the specific heat exchanger design. Since the obtained drawbacks of some waste heat utilisation concepts are small, innovative waste heat management concepts coupled with the further extension of the design space and the inclusion of higher fidelity models may achieve a benefit and motivate future investigations. Lateral directional parameter estimation of a miniature unmanned aerial vehicle using maximum likelihood and Neural Gauss Newton methods Subrahmanyam Saderla, Dhayalan Rajaram, A. K. Ghosh The current research paper describes the lateral-directional parameter estimation from flight data of a miniature Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) using Maximum Likelihood (ML), and Neural-Gauss-Newton (NGN) methods. An unmanned configuration with a cropped delta planform and thin rectangular cross-section has been designed, fabricated and instrumented. Exhaustive full-scale wind-tunnel tests were performed on the UAV to extract the form of aerodynamic model that has to be postulated a priori for parameter estimation. Rigorous flight tests have been performed to acquire the flight data for several prescribed manoeuvres. Four sets of compatible flight data have been used to carry out parameter estimation using classical ML and neural-network-based NGN methods. It is observed that the estimated parameters are consistent and the lower values of the Cramer-Rao bound for the corresponding estimates have shown significant confidence in the obtained parameters. Furthermore, to validate the aerodynamic model used and to enhance the confidence in the estimated parameters, a proof of match exercise has been carried out. Effect of vertical profile inefficiency during descent on fuel burn, emissions and flight time H. Aksoy, O. Usanmaz, E. T. Turgut Vertical profile inefficiency caused by low-level flight segments during arrival and departure operations has a great impact on the financial cost of operators as well as negative environmental effects. In this regard, continuous descent and climb operations for arrival and departure phases are mostly preferred as one of the methods that reduce or eliminate vertical profile inefficiencies. In this study, focus is put on the arrival phase and the purpose is: (i) to analyse the vertical profiles of arrival traffic at Mugla Milas-Bodrum Airport (BJV), Antalya Airport (AYT) and Ankara Esenboga Airport (ESB) and to characterise the level-offs that occur in the arrival phase and (ii) to quantify the potential time, fuel and emission savings in the event of a shift of inefficient low-level flight segments to the cruise segment of equal distance. For the purpose of this paper, real-time flight data is used for the analysis of the vertical profiles of flights. Flight parameters, such as latitude, longitude, altitude, speed and so on are used to determine, visualise and characterise level-off segments. The Boeing Fuel Flow Method 2 is used to calculate emissions at any altitude. Analyses of the results show that 80%, 74% and 69% of arrival traffic at BJV, AYT and ESB, respectively. were exposed to at least one level-off lasting longer than 20 seconds and significant potential for time, fuel and emissions savings exist for three airports. A novel algorithm for conceptual design and optimisation of an affordable gliding airdrop platform using TCOMOGA M. Nosratollahi, M.A. Ghapanvary Unlike conventional ballistic parachutes, gliding parachutes have been extensively used as guided precision aerial delivery system (GPADS) platforms in recent years. The reasoning may be found in gliding and manoeuvering capabilities, which make this kind of ram-air parachutes superior for precision aerial delivery application. In contrast, wing-shaped configuration along with more design variables create a cumbersome design procedure for this type of parachute. Especially, when an affordable configuration is demanded, the design procedure will be a more important problem. In this respect, an innovative integrated design framework is proposed in which significant design aspects are considered so that the gliding parachute configuration can be optimiseoptimised through a bi-objective optimisation problem to find optimum cost for achievable gliding ranges. To do so, the configuration is defined with minimum required parameters and design space is constrained by performance and stability as significant design requirements to guarantee the feasibility of the solutions in practice. The objective functions are defined in terms of gliding characteristics and amount of materials for fabrication which are representative for maximum reachable stand-off distance and unit cost, respectively. As an effective numerical optimisation method, a niched multi-objective genetic algorithm (MOGA) is used to generate a pareto-optimal set for a specific payload mass whereas constraints are handled through a tournament selection process. Based on results, the provided pareto front can aid the designers in decision-making and trade-off between demanded objectives for a payload weight. The underlying design problem is solved using an all-at-once (AAO) approach and the design loop converges to favourable results in a reasonable time. Finally, as a comparative study, an optimiseoptimised affordable cargo parachute is proposed for the GPADS application in which the material cost is reduced by at least 25% with respect to an available low-cost gliding parachute with the same glide ratio. A handling qualities analysis tool for rotorcraft conceptual designs Rotorcraft Virtual Engineering Conference 2016 B. Lawrence, C. R. Theodore, W. Johnson, T. Berger Over the past decade, NASA, under a succession of rotary-wing programs, has been moving towards coupling multiple discipline analyses to evaluate rotorcraft conceptual designs. Handling qualities is one of the component analyses to be included in such a future Multidisciplinary Analysis and Optimization framework for conceptual design of Vertical Take-Off and Landing (VTOL) aircraft. Similarly, the future vision for the capability of the Concept Design and Assessment Technology Area of the U.S Army Aviation Development Directorate also includes a handling qualities component. SIMPLI-FLYD is a tool jointly developed by NASA and the U.S. Army to perform modelling and analysis for the assessment of the handling qualities of rotorcraft conceptual designs. Illustrative scenarios of a tiltrotor in forward flight and a single-main rotor helicopter at hover are analysed using a combined process of SIMPLI-FLYD integrated with the conceptual design sizing tool NDARC. The effects of variations of input parameters such as horizontal tail and tail rotor geometry were evaluated in the form of margins to fixed- and rotary-wing handling qualities metrics and the computed vehicle empty weight. The handling qualities Design Margins are shown to vary across the flight envelope due to both changing flight dynamics and control characteristics and changing handling qualities specification requirements. The current SIMPLI-FLYD capability, lessons learned from its use and future developments are discussed. Intelligent decision-making with bird-strike risk assessment for airport bird repellent Weishi Chen, Jie Zhang, Jing Li Published online by Cambridge University Press: 08 May 2018, pp. 988-1002 An intelligent decision-making method was proposed for airport bird-repelling based on a Support Vector Machine (SVM) and bird-strike risk assessment. The bird-strike risk assessment model is established with two exponential functions to separate the risk levels, while the SVM method includes two steps of training and testing. After the risk assessment, the Bird-Repelling Strategy Classification Model (BRSCM) was trained based on the expert knowledge and large amount of historical bird information collected by the airport linkage system for bird detection, surveillance and repelling. Then, in the testing step, the BRSCM was continuously optimised according to the real-time intelligent bird-repelling strategy results. Through several bird-repelling examples of a certain airport, it is demonstrated that the decision accuracy of BRSCM is relatively high, and it could solve new problems by self-correction. The proposed method achieved the optimised operation of multiple bird-repelling devices against real-time bird information with great improvement of bird-repelling effects, overcoming the tolerance of birds to the bird-repelling devices due to their long-term repeated operation. Latency on a Stewart platform using washout filter R.C. Lemes, M. Moreira Souza, E.M. Belo, J.H. Bidinotto Published online by Cambridge University Press: 27 March 2018, pp. 1003-1019 The aim of this work is to investigate and quantify the latency on a Stewart Platform caused exclusively by a Classic washout filter. This washout filter is intended to recreate the sensations of motion caused by changes of translational and rotational acceleration that an aircraft can provide, due to changes in attitudes caused by external factors, and those caused by the pilot’s command. The input signal was generated by a FlightGear Simulator in order to obtain the specific forces and angular velocities of a Boeing 747 during a take-off procedure. These signals are then filtered by a washout filter and sent to the inverse kinematics of the movable platform, which will transform the aircraft motion sensations in platforms actuator position, thereby causing a certain signal delay. Experiments were performed in a Stewart Platform to obtain the latency caused by the mathematical modelling of the entire washout filter system. This latency are then compared to the latency caused by the control and dynamics of the platform’s actuators. Results indicate that the washout filter is the most responsible for the latency of the specific force signals to be reproduced by the platform in this experiment, and that the natural frequency and damping coefficient values must be properly estimated in order to optimise the total latency. Front Cover (OFC, IFC) and matter AER volume 122 issue 1252 Cover and Front matter Published online by Cambridge University Press: 01 June 2018, pp. f1-f2 Back Cover (IBC, OBC) and matter AER volume 122 issue 1252 Cover and Back matter Published online by Cambridge University Press: 01 June 2018, pp. b1-b5	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line115
__label__cc	0.637698	0.362302	The Stress Hormone That’s Messing With Your Diet Health by Kristen Domonell on 9/29/2015 We’ve all had those weeks where crazy amounts of stress leave us soothing our woes with late-night ice cream binges. But before your shame-spiral over your lack of self-control, weak willpower isn’t the only thing at blame in these scenarios. Meet the stress hormone cortisol, which is responsible for your body’s “fight or flight” mechanism (more on that later). It’s been called public health enemy number one for its link to heart disease, diabetes, high blood pressure, memory loss and more. And it might be responsible for weight gain and throwing your eating habits off the rails, too. Here’s how cortisol might be messing with your body — and what you can do about it. RELATED: How to Get Good at Stress Fight or Flight: What Is Cortisol? Imagine this: You’re driving along in your car and you almost get into an accident. As your tires screech, your body activates its fight or flight response, preparing to protect yourself from harm. The hypothalamus region of the brain, responsible for triggering this response, sends messages to the adrenal glands telling them to release cortisol and adrenaline. This causes the liver to release sugar into the bloodstream and increase blood flow to the heart, increasing heart rate, explains Jen Landa, MD, chief medical officer of BodyLogicMD, a group of physicians specializing in bioidentical hormone therapy. “Your body sees a skipped meal and low blood sugar as a mini emergency.” “When you get in a car accident, you need a high amount of sugar in your bloodstream in case you need to lift a car off your companion,” says Landa. “But the problem is that many are living at 80 percent ‘car accident’ [mode] all the time, and having a stress response going on chronically becomes dysfunctional.” This response is helpful for dealing with short-term crises, but in today’s culture where many people feel stressed out all-day-every-day, this constant fight or flight response can spell trouble. RELATED: Is Chronic Stress Wrecking Your Workouts? Cortisol vs. Your Waistline It’s not just obvious daily stressors — like your boss nagging you all day — that elevate your levels. Lack of sleep, caffeine, alcohol and even skipping a meal can all raise cortisol, Landa says. “Your body sees a skipped meal and low blood sugar as a mini emergency,” she says. Research shows that high cortisol levels may be to blame for stress eating, with one study finding that women ate more on days they were stressed out than on days they weren’t (especially sweets). That’s because the sugar-release triggered by elevated cortisol doesn’t enter the cells for energy, but instead stays in the bloodstream, says Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics spokesperson Jennifer McDaniel, RD, who specializes in weight management. “This disrupted system increases hunger signals to the brain, leading to an increased appetite for high-calorie foods,” she says. RELATED: How Bad Is Your Food From 1 to 10? Try This Food Calculator Stress eating is just one way this hormone messes with your weight. Elevated cortisol levels also cause fat to be de deposited deep in the abdomen, which can lead to obesity or weight gain, says McDaniel. This visceral fat, or fat stored around the organs, produces more cortisol compared to other types of fat tissue, she says, which could help explain why it’s so easy to gain weight, but so hard to lose it. 6 Ways to Fight Back Against Stress Eating Stress and cortisol don’t have to wreck your diet. These simple tricks can help keep your levels in check — and help you feel better all over. 1. Eat anti-inflammatory foods. McDaniel encourages her clients to consume a variety of nine servings of fruits and vegetables and two to three servings of fatty fish per week, plus fiber-rich foods like beans and nuts (Here’s what 200 calories of nuts looks like). “What we avoid is important as well,” she says. Reduce or skip pro-inflammatory foods like trans fats, alcohol, refined or processed grains and sugar-rich foods. RELATED: Is Inflammation Hurting Your Health? 2. When cravings hit, do something different. Most cravings are part of a habit cycle, says Landa. Luckily, habits can be changed if you alter your response to stimuli. “When you’re stressed out, instead of reaching for a candy bar, reach for a cup of relaxing herbal tea, which will help [calm] you and keep your mouth and hands busy to avoid unnecessary snacking,” she says. 3. Meditate. There are many reasons to get your ‘om on. But researchers in Thailand found that medical students who participated in mindfulness meditation, a practice of focusing on the present moment, had significantly lower cortisol levels after just four days of the program. If you’re new to the practice, here are some easy tricks to help you meditate (even if you’re really impatient). 4. Put a barrier between food and an emotion. If you usually eat when you’re stressed, try grabbing a glass of water, calling a friend, getting out of the house or making some tea instead. “A 15-minute distractor is usually able to reroute an emotional food binge,” says McDaniel. 5. Get outside. Access to green space can significantly lower self-reported stress and cortisol levels, according to Scottish researchers. Just another reason to unplug and spend some time outdoors. 6. Create space for yourself. If you’re constantly putting the needs of something else (work, friends, family, you name it) in front of your own, you won’t have enough resources left to handle your own stress. Instead, carve out some time that’s just yours. “One of the techniques I personally use is powering down while eating and just eating,” says McDaniel. “When I do this, I often find my mind goes to a place of gratitude for my food, or mind-centering places. This pause rejuvenates a working mother of two toddlers with one on the way.” ←Previous: Meet the Inspiring H.S. Football Player Battling Leukemia Next: 7 Moves to Help Prevent Runner’s Knee Before It Strikes→	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line119
__label__cc	0.514582	0.485418	‘I will protect Christians,’ Donald Trump tells Liberty University students Republican presidential candidate Donald Trump speaks at Liberty University in Lynchburg, Virginia, January 18, 2016. REUTERS/Joshua Roberts Cathy Lynn Grossman CLGrossman Republican presidential candidate Donald Trump speaks at Liberty University in Lynchburg, Va., on Jan. 18, 2016. REUTERS/Joshua Roberts (RNS) Just weeks before the Iowa caucus, GOP presidential contender Donald Trump is aiming his proudly “politically incorrect” anger and his pledge to be “great!” directly at evangelical Christians. “I’m going to protect Christians,” who are losing their power in American society, he said Monday (Jan. 18), addressing 100,000 Liberty University students — packed in the Lynchburg, Va., campus sports arena or viewing online. Trump, who was reared Presbyterian but has a freewheeling way of speaking of faith, cited Liberty as a place that has lived up to the biblical passage from 2 Corinthians 3:17, “Where the spirit of the Lord is, there is liberty.” Trump is the fourth contender to speak at Liberty during this presidential election cycle, following in the footsteps of Republican contenders Sen. Ted Cruz, Dr. Ben Carson and former Florida Gov. Jeb Bush, and Democratic contender Sen. Bernie Sanders. He was invited to address a session of the mandatory “convocation” held three times a week on the campus founded by the late Rev. Jerry Falwell to promote a “Christian worldview” in the power centers of society. The school is now led by Jerry Falwell Jr. Past convocations, which can be viewed online, have featured politicians, business executives, star athletes, entertainers and opinion leaders such as Wayne LaPierre, executive vice president of the National Rifle Association. RELATED STORY: What do 2016 election contenders believe? Check the RNS ‘5 faith facts’ series U.S. Democratic presidential candidate Sen. Bernie Sanders receives a football jersey from Jerry Falwell Jr., left, president of Liberty University, after addressing students in Lynchburg, Va., on Sept. 14, 2015. REUTERS/Jay Paul In March, Cruz bumped a scheduled appearance by the governor of Virginia to announce his candidacy to a standing ovation of cheering, flag-waving students. Although candidates have spoken at Liberty since the 1980s, Cruz was the first to announce his candidacy at the school. Falwell made clear in introducing Cruz, the Southern Baptist son of a preacher, that the college, which prides itself on sending conservative Christians into politics, medicine and law, “does not does not support or oppose candidates for public office.” Falwell praised Cruz, but those comments paled in comparison to his description of Trump on Monday as a charitable, loving, friendly business titan. Falwell likened Trump to his own father as the kind of entrepreneur the nation needs, “not a puppet on a string.” While not quite endorsing him, Falwell said Trump and his father were men who spoke their minds, often in fearlessly politically incorrect ways. The Liberty founder once posted a billboard that touted, “Liberty University, politically incorrect since 1971.” Trump, Falwell said, is “one of the greatest visionaries of our time.” RELATED STORY: Brits call Donald Trump ‘divisive, stupid and wrong.’ But will he be banned? Trump, who has spoken before at Liberty’s 12,000-seat arena, but not to such a big crowd, covered the familiar bases: He would win so much, people would almost get weary of “Win! Win! Win!” No more loser generals, he said referring to Army generals he sees insisting ISIS is hard to beat: “I want a general (who will) knock the hell out of them fast.” Former secretary of state Hillary Clinton and Obama administration officials are beholden to big money special interests. They are so “incompetent,” it’s not even a strong enough word, he said with an added barb for Clinton. “I want to see a woman president soon but not her, she’s a disaster.” On the campus where students are encouraged to carry concealed weapons, Trump proclaimed his unshakeable support for the 2nd Amendment. “Had bullets been doing the other way,” in Paris or San Bernardino, “the death toll would have been much lower.” China, 2,000 years ago, built the great wall.” And Trump said he plans to build an equally “serious wall,” along the Mexico border. It’s “simple” and reminded people that he is sure Mexico will pay for it. Evangelical leader Russell Moore tweeted an acerbic observation: Evangelicals can love a golden calf, as long as Aaron promises to make Mexico pay for it. — Russell Moore (@drmoore) January 18, 2016 Trump pointed out how evangelicals have been betrayed in the past by politicians who made promises to gain their votes and turned their backs once elected. But Mark Weaver, a business consultant in Fort Collins, Co., a registered independent and a “moderate evangelical,” sees too many Christian believers “manipulated” by politicians and “talking head media.” He watched Trump’s speech Monday on his computer and he could see how all the fearful talk, particularly about refugees and immigration, could appeal to people concerned about security. “A lot of those ‘healthy young men’ Trump spoke about may be Christians fleeing persecution,” said Weaver. I want to try to allow my world view to be shaped more by the Bible than by political talking heads.” And in his Bible, Weaver said he finds the call over and over to care for the poor, the orphaned, the widowed and the alien. “A heart for God can mess up your politics,” said Weaver. “I don’t think Trump’s views represent God or all evangelical Christians.” RELATED STORY: ‘Stand with the poor,’ Sanders tells students at Liberty University According to The Washington Post, other leading Democrats — President Obama, Vice President Joe Biden and former Secretary of State Hillary Clinton — have all “politely declined” invitations to Liberty. (Cathy Lynn Grossman is senior national correspondent for Religion News Service) TagsBernie Sanders Christians Donald Trump evangelicals Hillary Clinton Jerry Falwell Jr. Liberty University Ted Cruz Why listening matters. Even if you think the other side is wrong. Columns • Jeffrey Salkin: Martini Judaism • Opinion Welcome to the Jewish people, Karlie Kloss! Columns • Opinion • Thomas Reese: Signs of the Times The death of trust and the triumph of suspicion Cathy Lynn Grossman Cathy Lynn Grossman specializes in stories drawn from research and statistics on religion, spirituality and ethics. She also writes frequently on biomedical ethics and end-of-life-issues I am at a loss… What is Trump protecting American Christians from? please let me know. Atheist Max says: “Trump… cited Liberty as a place..“Where the spirit of the Lord is, there is liberty.” TRUMP FINDS A USE FOR RELIGION – IT IS POWER. Such Religious pandering is exactly how Atheist Dictators of the 20th Century rose to power. Our religion-soaked culture is always ready for a Messiah as they have been well trained by Pastors, Nuns and Priests to seek ‘and find’ God around every corner. What a tragedy for America. The collusion of religion with politics has been the end of many great civilizations – and yet – few seem to care about the warning signs: “In every country and in every age, the preacher has been hostile to liberty. He is always in alliance with the despot, abetting his abuses in return for protection to his own.” Religion is a nuisance we must learn to abandon. MaryLou Scherer says: I’d like to hear him talking about the sanctity of marriage…I mean, of all his marriages labman57 says: Trump’s speech was political pandering of the highest order. Alas, Trump forgot to review his copy of “Biblical quotes for Dummies” before preparing his speech. ben in oakland says: So tRump is going to “protect Christians.” Wonderful. Whom is he going to protect them from? And what about the rest of us? And who is going to protect the rest of us from the dominionist and theocratic Christians? Doc Anthony says: It’s either going to be Trump or Hillary in 2016, folks. Cruz is the best candidate, but Cruz cannot beat Hillary; she has too much money and media at this point. So either you vote for Trump, or else you’re voting for Hillary — and Hillary is the punishment for America’s many mistakes. cken says: He is “protecting” them from whatever they are afraid of. Almost all Americans fear something, and most willingly sacrifice their freedoms incrementally for what they perceive to be more security. Should we abandon all authoritative institutions which mislead us including but not limited to science and government. Face it nobody, no field of endeavor is any better or worse than another. It all comes down to what you choose to believe. There is so much we don’t know and fields like science, religion, philosophy, and psychology are all trying to explain things we don’t know or can’t understand. All of these fields of study have been twisted and perverted throughout their history to suit man’s agenda. All of them in their purist form have been, are, or can be beneficial to society, but in the end there are many things we will never understand. The best future would be to acknowledge they don’t contradict each other and work together in seeking truth and understanding The sanctity of marriage has long since been abandon by religions. Such sanctity is maintained in their theology only as an aspirational goal. The Southern Baptists, often deemed the most conservative of religions, has the highest divorce rate of any demographic. Marriage has long since been reduced to a contractual arrangement, the terms and conditions of which are unknown until you file for divorce. Since we are a Christian nation, isn’t he by implication going to protect us all. Actually Rubio is the only candidate who has consistently polled higher than Hillary in hypothetical national polls. Trumps appeal is he can drop half a billion or so of his own money if he chooses. However, Rockefeller thought his money could get him elected. and he lost. Trumps other advantage is he the only candidate who fully understands how much Americans love game shows and reality TV and he is running his campaign accordingly. Those two things, money and his reality TV persona, could give him the win. @cken, I fail to see the virtue in your surrender to ignorance. We know about earthquakes because we rejected the claim that a “God did it” and we looked and discovered the Theory of Plate Tectonics. We know about germs because we rejected the claim that “God did it” and pursued the Germ Theory of Disease. We know about evolution because we rejected the claim that “God did it” and pursued the Theory of Evolution. I prefer knowledge to ignorance. Science and testing is how we prove to ourselves we are not fooling ourselves – and, as Richard Feynman said, “we are the easiest ones to fool” “Ignorance is not just what you don’t know, it is what you won’t know” – Aron Ra I have a question that I hope someone can help me with. The use of the term “Christian” seems to be used very narrowly in the United States. It seems to refer to those people that are part of some “American style of Christianity”. Catholics, Orthodox Christians, and other main stream Protestants, seem not to be included. As an example… I have seen questions such as: Which are the ten best Christian universities in the United States. The answer comes back with a list of evangelical universities. Not one Catholic university is mentioned. Not Notre Dame, Georgetown, etc. Why are these catholic universities not listed as Christian? @Patrick, “The use of the term “Christian” seems to be used very narrowly in the United States.” It is a case of the loudest getting their way. The people who are most eager to freely apply the term ‘Christian’ as a descriptive adjective are Evangelicals – and they exclude other denominations when doing so. Evangelical Christianity is louder than the others – EC is the American huckster for Jesus – it unabashedly dominates all religious conversation in America with thousands of TV and radio channels while insisting it is under constant persecution. Ron Goodman says: Why do you think we are a “Christian nation”? Some are, some aren’t. Pops says: I am agog. I am aghast. Why are we Christians allowing Trump to play us so easily? He is a fraud to say he is a Christian, and that his favorite book is the Bible. Come on, please, let us be honest. We are so quick to demonize and judge the Democrats and Liberals. But when the leading Republican Presidential Candidate cannot even properly attribute basic scripture, we give him a pass? Jerry Falwell Jr. has totally sold out his God-given Grace for Trump-given politics. Shame on us for keeping quiet. Curt Day says: With Trump’s promise to protect Christians like myself comes the temptation Christians from other nations have fallen to: that of trading justice for some for our own protection. And in making that trade, we declare by our votes and political support that our message of faith is no different than the other messages in the world. MarkE says: Once again, we see a clear demonstration of the fallacy that “the American people know best.” There are way too many who somehow think that (1) Christians are persecuted here (no, I’m not persecuted), (2) we have to fear the “angry” black man in our midst and the brown horde coming into the country unchecked (no, they’re not in either case), and (3) the loudest, angriest, most patently false claims of the holier-than-thou businessman can “return our nation to greatness” (Reagan didn’t, Bush 2 didn’t and Trump can’t). I weep for our nation. Protect Christians from whom, Mr Trump? by doing what, Mr. Trump? RMW says: Atheist dictators usually do their best to wipe out religions, isn’t that what you want? Is that the same Thomas Jefferson that was the first president to formulate a plan to kick out Native Americans from their lands? Some ‘liberty’. Richard Rush says: “I’m going to protect Christians.” What he means is that he’s going to protect the imagined divine right of self-appointed TrueChristians to maintain the sanctity of traditional Christian bigotry and cruelty through unfettered discrimination, bullying, and persecution against others. @RMW, “Atheist dictators usually do their best to wipe out religions..isn’t that what you want?” Of course not! That is slanderous nonsense. The Atheist dictators had no SEPARATION OF CHURCH AND STATE so they merely replaced one religion with a different one – as North Korea does today. Our Atheist US Constitution is clear and it strikes the perfect balance: “Congress shall make no law establishing a religion nor prohibit the free exercise thereof.” – US CONSTITUTION I’m a USA Patriot. I support our Atheist Constitition. I can’t believe I’m agreeing with Russell Moore, the king of the wimp wing of evangelicalism, but on Trump, he is absolutely correct. Evangelicals who support Trump should be ashamed of themselves. While I share the frustrations about political correctness and feckless politicians and all the rest, Trump is exactly the opposite of anything or anyone remotely Christian. A boastful, arrogant, narcissistic, sneering buffoon, Christian or not, should get nowhere near the presidency. It is dismaying the extent to which Christians are willing to throw their spirituality and their morality out the window for Trump. Trump is the precise Biblical picture of a bad leader. He’s not going to protect anybody. Once he’s in office, God forbid, he will go whichever way the wind blows. What is particularly odious about Trump is the anti-Reagan notion that life is a zero-sum game, that the way we rise up is by putting others down. Yes, when it comes to our enemies like ISIS, that view fits, as we need to crush them in a way that the world remembers for the next hundred years. But the norm in life is win/win, where people work together and grow together. Obama and Hillary have stuck the Democrats with a win/lose stance by pitting race against race, class against class, gender against gender. And now Trump is sticking the Republicans with the same thing on virtually every issue. If Trump is the nominee, the election will be the most negative in our lifetime, with neither side offering a positive vision on anything for the country. Christians supporting Trump today is like Christians supporting Mussolini yesterday. It’s a deal with the devil. It’s a deal with someone whose beliefs and ethics and behavior, and ultimately, I believe, his real as opposed to feigned politics, could not be more opposed to the letter and spirit of the Gospel. Make no mistake: If Trump is elected, he will be an enemy of any and all constitutional rights that threaten his power on anything. That includes the First Amendment and the freedoms of religion and expression, the Second Amendment on guns, and the ones on search and seizure and all the rest. Don’t listen to his promises; watch how he behaves. If you are Christian and for Trump, you need to blow the dust off the cover of your Bible and start reading. And if you are already reading, you ought to take seriously what you are reading. This is no joke. You are voting for a person who will be the most powerful leader in the world. How right you are, Pops. You said it better than anyone. No, Atheist Max. That’s not it. The simple answer is two-fold (1) Protestants still outnumber Catholics and (2) evangelicalism is now the dominant religious expression of Protestantism, having replaced the mainline decades ago. So that’s why “Christian” in America has in recent decades become synonymous with “evangelical.” Even among non-Protestants in America, a huge number identify themselves in terms of theology and religious experience with evangelicalism. It is what it is. To be clear, I believe the word, “Christian,” should be applied to include people who are non-evangelical as well as evangelical, but I understand why this is becoming less and less common with time. Reagan was far from perfect, but he was the best of the three, because he knew how to treat people who disagreed with him and his brand of conservatism was not reactionary but forward-looking. It was an American conservatism of freedom and opportunity, not an Old European conservatism of blood and soil. It wasn’t about hate or about pitting people against each other….he left that for the socialists and other far lefties. Now we have Trump who is imitating the left’s and the European right’s worst traits of division and hatred. And unlike Reagan, he will not defeat our foes, but will succumb to them once they flatter him with praise. Just picture someone with Trump’s petty and vengeful and narcissistic character with the entire executive branch of government in his hands. If you’re a high-profile foe of Trump in any way, you’ll need a good tax lawyer, because you’ll probably be audited. He will spend all four years of his first term using every lever of power he has to ruin you forever. There will be no greater threat to liberty than he will likely be. Whatever has been said about Obama, he will do him ten times better. Whatever bad precedents Obama has set, Trump will utilize every single one of them. Those who can’t see this are kidding themselves. How did Mussolini attack Christians? You mean the same constitution that supports gay marriage according to the secular court? So, pretty much like any typical republican presidency, like w. bush’s, right? The difference is Trump will be better on muslims, attacking leftist culture, immigration, etc. Mussolini pretended to be for Christians, but once he took and consolidated power, he was a tyrant who extinguished liberty, the basic rights common to the whole of humanity. No, the only thing Trump will be “better at” than any predecessor is taking away the liberties that are common to all. Anyone who opposes him for any reason will face the fury not of an impotent child throwing a Twitter tantrum but a man who runs the executive branch of the United States government. No ‘separation of church and state’? The 1936 Soviet Union Constitution (Article 124) explicitly mentions this: “In order to ensure to citizens freedom of conscience, the church in the U.S.S.R. is separated from the state, and the school from the church. Freedom of religious worship and freedom of antireligious propaganda is recognized for all citizens.” And this was the same regime that had multiple anti-religious campaigns in its lifetime: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persecution_of_Christians_in_the_Soviet_Union If ‘separation of church and state’ is code for attacking the religious then I’m not interested. Just like ‘liberty’ seems to be a code for kicking out Native Americans. I am not an American in any case. I live on the other side of the globe. He did not tolerate homosexual perversions. Most of Christian history was under Monarchism. But that happens anyway, which is the point, whether, Bush or a democrat, etc. At least it’s better if you get a guy on your side doing it who’s honest about it. There was no separation of church and state in the Soviet Union. The Communist Party was the only Religious dogma allowed – therefor all Churches were against the state. Constitutional separation of church and state has never happened outside of the USA. “Congress shall make no law establishing a religion, nor prohibit the free exercise therof” Had Stalin been forced to comply with this Constitutional law he would not have been able to massacre Christians and destroy churches (all of which he did). @Jack, “I understand why this is becoming less and less common with time.” Yeah. Because there is no sign of a real God to clear it up. And religion is accordingly dying off. @Pops: Your choices for president are two non-believers: DEMOCRAT – Bernie: A self-described ‘non-religious’ person. REPUBLICAN – Trump: A self-described Christian who claims the Bible is his most important and favorite book – yet, he says publicly he cannot quote a SINGLE BIBLE VERSE! Not even one! In other words, no matter how you slice it, an Atheist is about to be elected president. You’re comparing a drizzle with 10 MPH winds to a tsunami. You’re comparing run-of-the-mill typical politicians to a maniac who spends years and decades going after domestic enemies with everything he’s got. Alex says, “He [Mussolini] did not tolerate homosexual perversions.” What does that even mean? That he busted down people’s doors and dragged gay people off to jail? If true, you’re only making my point. Government’s job is to protect life and liberty, not be a morality police. In terms of protecting life, that includes the right to outlaw the taking of life. It obviously does not include telling people how they should live their lives. Labman, Trump doesn’t even have to be accurate or even sound sincere on Bible knowledge and faith when it comes to evangelicals at Liberty. These people obviously don’t take their evangelical faith very seriously. Christians outside of their orb should take note. If/when real honest-to-God, Book of Acts-type persecution of Christians comes, don’t expect the Liberty University types to stand up. These hypocrites will be goose-stepping behind the dictator, so long as he throws them a few bones. Message to Trump: Religious freedom, like all other human rights, is a liberty that comes from God and not you. We don’t need you as our “protector.” All we need is for you to keep your hands off our constitutional liberties, including freedom of religion, press, assembly, the second amendment on guns, and subsequent amendments on a host of other matters that are equally important. So take your authoritarianism, your faux-conservatism, your bigotry, your xenophobia, your ignorance, and your bully-boy tactics and stick them where the sun doesn’t shine. Oh, and take Palin and her endlessly dysfunctional family back to Trump Tower with you. Doc, a number of people can beat Hillary. Even though I can’t stand Trump, I believe he is capable of it as well. Hillary is deeply vulnerable; she is not invincible. Right now, Cruz is beating Hillary, but I believe Rubio can, too, as can Christie and maybe Kasich, Carson, or even Bush. Hillary is a big winner on paper, but once she gets in front of people, she has a habit of deflating. Unlike her husband, she does not have a personality that most people naturally like. Put another way, Bill Clinton has a great personality but poor character, whereas Hillary is problematic on both personality and character. As for Trump, he is a roaring dictatorship waiting to happen. It sure as heck won’t be Trump if that happens. Of course, the word, “dominionist” has been broadly interpreted to mean any and all religious expression outside of one’s home or house of worship. I define it in a less grandiose and more literal way. @Max Who do you think you’re fooling when the 1936 Soviet Constitution used those terms: Who do you think you are fooling? No other country on earth has separation of church and state declared thus: “Congress shall make no law establishing a religion nor prohibit the free exercise thereof” The Soviet Union had no separation in fact nor in law. No other country on earth guarantees within its constitution the right of a person to lawfully practice (or ignore) a chosen religion. Communism was the religion of the state and there was no separation of the state from the individual’s rights to practice – that is why priests could be rounded up and shot. Saying the word “Separation” is meaningless if you simultaneously insist on a universal religious position enforced by the state! Again from Article 124 of the 1936 Soviet Union Constitution: It spells out what you claim doesn’t exist. Xristine says: I’m a Baptist and this is just sickening. Falwell Senior did the same thing with Reagan. Reagan wasn’t a Christian, Jimmy Carter was- but Falwell was a bit irked that his school was stripped of its tax immune status because he didn’t want black people in his school so he raised funds for Reagan’s campaign and accused Jimmy Carter of being a fake Christian (which is obviously not true, he just wasn’t a good president). This is all about flash and cash. Trump isn’t pro-life, pro-Christian, pro-people- he’s pro-Trump only. This is all about ego. The second he gets sworn in- he’ll have people putting his name up in big gold letters on the dome and gilding the rest of the White House so he can call it Trump Palace. Well put! Newt says: “A lot of those ‘healthy young men’ Trump spoke about may be Christians fleeing persecution,” said Weaver. True, they may be. And how do we know they are if they are not properly vetted before entering? Because he believes that Islam is a ominous threat, he supports proper screening of Muslims before allowing them entry into the country. It’s a smart approach, given the significant level of Islamic hatred for Americans. Any immigrant should be properly vetted, as I would expect to be if it were me emigrating to another country. “I don’t think Trump’s views represent God or all evangelical Christians.” There are over 300 different religions and denominations in the USA. I’m not sure that as president, Trump can pick and choose which he supports. He must support religious freedom across the board, and I believe he does, and will. I do not see him, or any U.S. President supporting Sharia law. Why we need a prophetic voice in America (COMMENTARY) How Martin Luther King became safe	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line122
__label__cc	0.57017	0.42983	Author - guest Trump hits back at British prime minister over Muslim ban "It looks like we're not going to have a very good relationship,” Trump said, referring to British Prime Minister David Cameron. Beliefs • Ethics • Opinion Iran wants to eradicate Baha’is. We should demand their religious freedom (RNS) Saturday (May 14) is the eighth anniversary of Iran’s imprisonment of seven Baha’i leaders. Unfortunately, there are signs the persecution of the Baha'is... Ohio church can’t claim insurance coverage for boy’s beating World Harvest Church tried to claim part of its $3.1 million settlement with parents who alleged a daycare worker beat their 2-year-old with a ruler. Beliefs • Culture • News How outdated Mormon teachings may be abetting ‘rape culture’ Mormon women, especially at LDS-owned schools, continue to be bombarded with the notion that they are at least partially responsible for sexual assaults. Muslim student wrongly identified as ‘Isis’ in yearbook A California student was embarrassed and distressed after a picture of her wearing an Islamic headscarf, or hijab, appeared in her high school yearbook with... British Labour Party struggles to root out anti-Semitism (RNS) The scandal stems from an unapologetic criticism of Israel for its actions in the occupied territories and elsewhere. Ethics • Opinion Why our Jewish and Christian faiths demand criminal justice reform (RNS) Improving the administration of justice is not just a matter of politics, but also a moral and ethical obligation. Culture • Death & Dying • Ethics • General story • Opinion Does God really want us to suffer unrelenting pain? (RNS) It is the common impulse of people of goodwill everywhere to prevent or at least mitigate all forms of gratuitous suffering. General story • Opinion Psychedelic drugs can deepen religious experiences (RNS) Will a country that prides itself on religious liberty allow them? General story A satanic movement seeks political change The Satanic Temple and the motion picture studio behind "The Witch" have collaborated on a multicity tour called The Sabbat Cycle, which consists of screenings... Pope’s first kids book explores life, God —and dancing Loyola called on the Jesuits’ worldwide network to gather questions from children for new book, Dear Pope Francis Culture • Ethics • News • Politics • Race & Ethnicity Harriet Tubman’s long journey to the $20 bill acknowledges sin of slavery (COMMENTARY) (RNS) By stamping her likeness on our currency, the U.S. now is forced to awkwardly roll away, unseal and uplift the highly secured stones of its dark and... Passover’s message of religious freedom (COMMENTARY) (RNS) As Jewish families sit down to the seder and recite the ancient Jewish liberation story, they should remember those who struggle today to maintain their... Previous 1 … 9 10 11	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line123
__label__wiki	0.615559	0.615559	Home / Collections / Podcast & Blog » 2011 » June Fishing in Minnesota Fishing in Minnesota (or Fishing near Morristown or Summer Day) Adolf Dehn (1895-1968) Location no. AV1985.305.426 Born in Waterville, Minnesota, Adolf Dehn created captivating landscapes, cityscapes, and portraits illustrating humanity with irreverence, humor, and affection. Dehn studied at The Minneapolis School of Art beginning in 1914 and enrolled in the Art Students League in New York from approximately 1917-1918. In 1920 the master printer, George Miller, introduced Dehn to lithography, which became his preferred medium. Letter from 1st Mn regiment to Donnelly describing the trip to Washington and the camp – June 30, 1861 “Started for Washington, and arrived there about 12 o-clock that Wednesday night and stopped in a large unfinished building, next morning we had leave to roam over the City the first place that Kendall and myself made a break for the Capitol, that was at 6 o-clock. Went all over it and to the very highest place that we could climb to on the Dome, I will write more about this building after I see it again, from there we made tracks for a restaurant where we had one good meal of beefsteak and coffee and from there we visited the Patent office but I will write all about that building in my next. Yesterday which was Sunday I visited the National Monument and the Treasury Department, besides Walking ang to dine in on the Fourth of July, but which I think he will not until he walks through two hundred thousand bayonets there are quartered now in and around this City.” See whole letter: 1861-06-30 See whole transcript: 1861-06-30_transcription Citation: June 30, 1861 Letter from Henry W. Lindergreen and Julian J. Kendall to Ignatius and Kate Donnelly, Correspondence and Miscellaneous Papers, June – July 1861. Ignatius Donnelly and Family Papers. Minnesota Historical Society. Minneapolis Industrial Exposition medal Medal commemorating the 1887 Minneapolis Industrial Exposition, which was held at the newly constructed Minneapolis Exposition Building and featured the illumination of Nicollet Avenue in Minneapolis, Minnesota. The medal is made of gold-colored metal and features an image of the Minneapolis Exposition Building on the front and an image of Nicollet Avenue on the back. Letter from Jarvis W. Tindall offering to sell boots to the MN 2nd regiment – June 29, 1861 “Dear Sir, The concern in which I am employed are manufacturing very largely, Mens Sewed Army Brogans of a very superior quality, for our Troops. They are selling them to this, and some of the neighboring States for $1 65/100 per pair nett: every pair of these Shoes may be subject to the inspection of the proper officer appointed by this State or the United States at an extra cost of two cents per pair and they will furnish sizes as ordered. The Shoes are made from the Government pattern and are of equally good quality, style and durability. If your State should need any of the same we would be happy to receive an early order. Yours very truly Jarvis W. Tindall of graduating class of Feby [?]/53 C.H.S. Our house has sold goods to your Brother in law Mr Louis Faiver.” Citation: June 29, 1861 Letter from Jarvis W. Tindall to Ignatius Donnelly, Correspondence and Miscellaneous Papers, June – July 1861. Ignatius Donnelly and Family Papers. Minnesota Historical Society. Plaster bear A plaster cast of a bear painted a copper color, made as an occupational therapy project by Erminio Belletinio of Saint Louis, Missouri, while at the U.S. 29th General Hospital, Fort Snelling, Minneapolis, Minnesota, circa World War I. Belletinio was a member of the U.S. Army 30th Division, 115th Field Artillery, Battery B. “A Deferred Notice of a Slanderer,” Saint Paul Daily Press – June 28, 1861 Letter from T. R. Cressey asking Donnelly for a position as chaplain for the 2nd Regiment – June 27, 1861 “Please excuse me dear Sir for troubling you a second time. But your great kindness to me recently, which I trust was fully appreciated induces me confidently to earnestly solicit your aid in securing that high position of usefulness in the spiritual welfare of our soldiers. Allow me to say that I am deeply anxious to occupy this cituation, first because of the opportunities of [?] as a missionary, and secondly because the righteousness of our cause demands the best talent, the strongest nerve and the best blood of this most patriot hearts in the land. And I pitty the man, who does not [?] for the high privilege of being actively engaged upon the field in crushing this fearful[?] rebellion.” Citation: June 27, 1861 Letter from Timothy Cressey to Ignatius Donnelly, Correspondence and Miscellaneous Papers, June – July 1861. Ignatius Donnelly and Family Papers. Minnesota Historical Society. Civil War hardtack pieces and wrapper Piece of hardtack with original paper wrapper, issued by the United States Army during the Civil War. Hardtack is a biscuit (or cracker) made from flour, water and salt. It was a staple of the Civil War soldier’s diet because it was inexpensive and, when properly stored, lasted for years. Hardtack, while nutritious, could be exceedingly hard and usually had to be soaked before it could be eaten. The wrapper reads “Army / Cracker / or / Hardtack 1864 / John W. Weiser / Ohio Infy”. It was given to Levi Longfellow, Principal Musician of the 6th Minnesota Regiment, Company B, by John W. Weiser, Ohio Infantry, at the close of the Civil War. Watch the Collections Department’s podcast about hardtack to learn more. Two letters: one asking to be private secretary to Donnelly, other from Donnelly to wife about being appointed Colonel – June 26, 1861 Letter from L.W. Collins to Donnelly asking for a position as a colonel’s orderly or private secretary under Donnelly. “Friend Donnelly, Mr. Bailly, my Father and myself have been making strenuous exertions to fill up a company from this county, but we anticipate from your dispatch received last evening, that the required number of companies have already been tendered. It has been supposed here that you would command the Regiment, and it was my wish to join, and in the event of your appointment to ask you for the position of Colonel’s orderly or private Secretary. Knowing it to be far from a lucrative position I very naturally concluded there would be but few applicants for it. I dislike very much to go into a Co. composed of total strangers as a private, and yet would like to “go to the war” Unless you return home within a day or two will you write me, informing me of the chances. Very Respectfully Yours, L. W. Collins” Citation 1: June 26, 1861 Letter from L. W. Collins to Ignatius Donnelly, Correspondence and Miscellaneous Papers, June – July 1861. Ignatius Donnelly and Family Papers. Minnesota Historical Society. Letter from Donnelly to his wife discussing Donnelly’s unlikely appointment to Colonel. “I am afraid my Colonelship has gone up. Ramsey told Blakely of Rochester, just before he left, he would not think of appointing any one but a military man. The old “cuss” fears that any one might interfere with his plans for the U.S. Senate in the future. If it turns out that he does not appoint me I will make him regret it.” See whole letter: 1861-06-26_2 See whole transcript: 1861-06-26_2_transcription Citation 2: June 26, 1861 Letter from Ignatius Donnelly to Kate Donnelly, Correspondence and Miscellaneous Papers, June – July 1861. Ignatius Donnelly and Family Papers. Minnesota Historical Society. Bloomer diary entry – June 25, 1861 Diary entry by Samuel Bloomer, a soldier from the 1st Minnesota Volunteer Regiment. “At eleven PM we arrived in Washington a drowsy, stupid, hungery and used up set. We were marched to the assembly rooms where our Co and 3 others were quartered for the night. I for one as soon as ranks were broken not waiting for any thing to eate laid down on the floor and went to sleep without blanket, over coat or any thing else, having had no rest to speak of since we left Fort Ridgely and all that we had had to eate during our travel was crackers and [?] and none to much of that accepting the breakfast that the RR Co gave us and what the Ladies of huntington gave us, “Bless them” Citation: June 25 Entry, Diary , May 28- July 4, 1861. Vol. 1. Samuel Bloomer Papers. Minnesota Historical Society.	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line132
__label__cc	0.602991	0.397009	හැඳින්වීම සංවිධාන ව්‍යුහය ප්‍රධාන කාර්යයන් අප හා එක්වන්න අපගේ සේවාවන් වෙළඳ ගිවිසුම් බහුපාර්ශවීය වෙළඳ සබඳතා ද්වීපාර්ශවීය කටයුතු කලාපීය කටයුතු ප්‍රභව ස්ථාන සහතික නිකුත් කිරීම ඉන්දු - ශ්‍රී ලංකා නිදහස් වෙළඳ ගිවිසුම (ISFTA) පකිස්ථාන - ශ්‍රී ලංකා නිදහස් වෙළඳ ගිවිසුම (PSFTA) සාර්ක් වරණීය වෙළඳ ගිවිසුම (SAPTA) දකුණු ආසියානු නිදහස් වෙළඳ ගිවිසුම (SAFTA) ආසියානු පැසිෆික් වෙළඳ ගිවිසුම (APTA) ගෝලීය වරණීය වෙළඳ ක්‍රමය (GSTP) නේවාසික වීසා බලපත්‍ර සඳහා නිර්දේශ ලබාදීම REX පද්ධති ලියාපදිංචිය ඒකාබද්ධ වෙළඳ හා ආර්ථික සහයෝගිතාවය එතෙර වාණිජ නියෝජනය පුස්තකාල සහ WTO ආශ්‍රිත මධ්‍යස්ථාන ඔබේ ආයතනය ලියාපදිංචි කරන්න වාණිජ දෙපාර්තමේන්තුවේ නිවේදන ලියාපදිංචි අපනයන ක්‍රමය පුවත් සහ සිදුවීම් බාගත කිරීම් නිතර අසන පැණ නිතර අසන පැණ - පොදු නිතර අසන පැණ - ලියාපදිංචි අපනයන ක්‍රමය නිතර අසන පැණ- වෙළඳ පිරියම් ක්‍රමයන් අප අමතන්න විමසීම් විමසීම් විස්තර පිටු පෙළගැස්ම ඔබ මෙතැනය: සැකිලි ගිවිසුම Framework Agreement විස්තර ප්‍රවර්ගය: පකිස්ථාන- ශ්‍රී ලංකා නිදහස් වෙළඳ ගිවිසුම (PSFTA) The Government of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan and the Government of the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka (hereinafter referred to individually as a "Contracting Party" and collectively as the "Contracting Parties"). Considering that the expansion of their domestic markets, through commercial cooperation, is an important prerequisite for accelerating their processes of economic development. Bearing in mind the desire to promote mutually beneficial bilateral trade in goods and services. Convinced of the need to establish and promote free trade arrangements for strengthening intra-regional economic co-operation and the development of national economies. Recognizing that progressive reductions and elimination of obstacles to bilateral trade through a bilateral free trade agreement (hereinafter referred to as "The Agreement") will contribute to the expansion of bilateral as well as world trade, have agreed as follows. The contracting parties shall establish a Free Trade Area in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement and in conformity with the relevant provisions of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, 1994. The objectives of this Agreement are: To promote through the expansion of trade in goods and services the harmonious development of the economic relations between Pakistan and Sri Lanka . To provide fair conditions of competition for trade in goods and services between Pakistan and Sri Lanka . To contribute in this way, by the removal of barriers to trade in goods and services, to the harmonious development and expansion of bilateral as well as world trade. For the purpose of this Agreement: "Tariffs" mean basic customs duties included in the national schedules of the Contracting Parties. "Para - tariffs" mean border charges and fees, other than "tariffs", on foreign trade transactions of a tariff-like effect which are levied solely on imports, but not those indirect taxes and charges, which are levied in the same manner on like domestic products. Import charges corresponding to specific services rendered are not considered as para-tariff measures. "Non - tariff barriers" mean any measures, regulation, or practice, other than "tariffs" and "para-tariffs", the effect of which is to restrict imports, or to significantly distort trade within the Contracting Parties. "Products" mean all products including manufactures and commodities in their raw, semi-processed and processed forms. "Preferential Treatment" means any concession or privilege granted under this Agreement by a Contracting Party through the elimination of tariffs on the movement of goods and services. "The Committee" means the Joint Committee referred to in Article XI. "Serious Injury" means significant damage to domestic producers of like or similar products, resulting from a substantial increase of preferential imports in situations which cause substantial losses in terms of earnings, production or employment unsustainable in the short term. The examination of the impact on the domestic industry concerned shall also include an evaluation of other relevant economic factors and indices having a bearing on the state of the domestic industry of that product. "Threat of Serious Injury" means a situation in which a substantial increase of preferential imports is of a nature so as to cause "serious injury: to domestic products, and that such injury, although not yet existing, is clearly imminent. A determination of threat of serious injury shall be based on facts and not on mere allegation, conjecture, or remote or hypothetical possibility. "Critical circumstances" mean the emergence of an exceptional situation where massive preferential imports are causing or threatening to cause "serious injury" difficult to repair and which calls for immediate action. Elimination of Tariffs, Para-Tariffs and Non-Tariffs The Contracting Parties hereby agree to establish a Free Trade Area for the purpose of free movement of goods and services between their countries through elimination of tariffs on the movement of goods and services in accordance with the provisions of Annexes A & B which shall form an integral part of this Agreement. The Contracting Parties further agree to eliminate from the date this Agreement enters into force, all non-tariff barriers, and any other equivalent measures on the movement of goods and services, other than those imposed in accordance with Article IV of this Agreement. The Contracting Parties also agree not to make any increase in the existing para-tariffs, if any, or introduce new or additional para-tariffs without mutual consent. In the implementation of this Agreement the Contracting Parties shall pay due regard to the principle of reciprocity. General Exceptions Nothing in this Agreement shall prevent a Contracting Party from taking action and adopting measures, which it considers necessary for the protection of its national security, the protection of public morals, the protection of human, animal or plant life and health, and the protection of articles of artistic, historic, and archaeological value, as is provided for in Article XX and XXI of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, 1994 and WTO Agreement on Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures. National Treatment The Contracting Parties affirm their commitment to the principles enshrined in Article III of GATT 1994. State Trading Enterprises Nothing in this Agreement shall be construed to prevent a Contracting Party from maintaining or establishing a state trading enterprise as understood in Article XVII of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, 1994. Each Contracting Party shall ensure that any state enterprise that it maintains or establishes, acts in a manner that is not inconsistent with the obligations of that Contracting Party under this Agreement and accords non-discriminatory treatment in the import from and export to the other Contracting Party. Rules of Origin Products covered by the provisions of this Agreement shall be eligible for preferential treatment provided they satisfy the Rules of Origin as set out in Annex C to this Agreement which shall form an integral part of this Agreement. For the development of specific sectors of the industry of either Contracting Party, lower value addition norms for the products manufactured or produced by those sectors may be considered through mutual negotiations. Safeguard Measures If any product which is subject to preferential treatment under this Agreement is imported into the territory of a Contracting Party in such a manner or in such quantities as to cause or threaten to cause serious injury in the territory of that Contracting Party, such Contracting Party may, with prior consultations with the other Contracting Party, except in critical circumstances, suspend provisionally without discrimination, the preferential treatment accorded to that product under the Agreement. When action has been taken by either Contracting Party in terms of paragraph 1 of this Article, it shall simultaneously notify the other Contracting Party and the Joint Committee established in terms of Article XI. The Committee shall enter into consultations with the Contracting Parties and endeavour to reach a mutually acceptable agreement to remedy the situation. If such consultations fail to resolve the issue within sixty days, the Contracting Party affected by such action shall have the right to withdraw the equivalent preferential treatment in accordance with the WTO Agreement on Safeguards. Domestic Legislation The Contracting Parties shall be free to apply their domestic legislation to restrict imports in cases where prices are influenced by unfair trade practices like subsidies or dumping. Subsidies and dumping shall be understood to have the same meaning as in the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 1994 and the relevant WTO Agreements. Balance of Payment Measures Notwithstanding the provisions of this Agreement, any Contracting Party, facing balance of payment difficulties, may suspend provisionally the preferential treatment as to the quantity and value of merchandise permitted to be imported under the Agreement. When such action has taken place, the Contracting Party which initiates such action, shall simultaneously notify the other Contracting Party. A Contracting Party, which takes action according to paragraph 1 of this Article, shall afford, upon request from the other Contracting Party adequate opportunities for consultations with a view to preserving the stability of the preferential treatment provided under this Agreement. A Joint Committee shall be established at Ministerial level. The Committee shall meet initially within six months of the entry into force of the Agreement and thereafter at least once a year to review the progress made in the implementation of this Agreement and to ensure that benefits of trade expansion emanating from this. Agreement accrue to the Contracting Parties equitably. The meetings of the Joint Committee will take place, to the extent possible, to coincide with the meetings of the Sri Lanka - Pakistan Joint Economic Commission. The Committee may also set up any other Sub-Committee and/or Working Group for specific purposes as it may consider necessary. In order to facilitate cooperation in customs matters, the Contracting Parties agree to establish a Working Group on customs related issues including harmonisation of tariff headings. The Working Group shall meet as often as required and shall report to the Joint Committee on its deliberations. The Committee shall accord adequate opportunities for consultation on representations made by either Contracting Party with respect to any matter affecting the implementation of the Agreement. The Committee shall adopt appropriate measures for settling any matter arising from such representations within six months of the representation having been made. Each Contracting Party shall implement such measures immediately. The Committee shall nominate one apex Chamber of Trade and Industry in each country as the nodal Chamber to represent the views of the trade and industry on matters relating to this Agreement. Each Contracting party shall accord sympathetic consideration to and shall afford adequate opportunity for consultations regarding such representations as may be made by the other Contracting Party with respect to any matter affecting the operation of this Agreement. The Committee set up under Article XI may meet at the request of either Contracting Party to consider any matter for which it has not been possible to find a satisfactory solution through consultations under paragraph 1 above. Any dispute that may arise between commercial entities of the Contracting Parties shall be referred for amicable settlement to the Nodal Chambers. Such references shall as far as possible, be settled through mutual consultation by the Chambers. In the event of an amicable solution not being found, the matter shall be refereed to an Arbitration Tribunal for a binding decision. The tribunal shall be constituted by the Joint Committee. Any dispute between the Contracting Parties regarding the interpretation and application of the provisions of this agreement or any instrument adopted within its framework shall be amicably settled through negotiations, failing which a notification may be made to the committee by any one of the contracting parties for settlement of the dispute. Duration and Termination of Agreement This Agreement shall remain in force until either Contracting Party terminates this Agreement by giving six months written notice to the other Contracting Party, through diplomatic channels, of its intention to terminate the Agreement. The Agreement may be modified or amended through mutual agreement of the Contracting Parties. Proposals for such modifications or amendments shall be submitted to the Joint Committee and upon acceptance by the Joint Committee, shall be approved in accordance with the applicable legal procedures of each Contracting party. Such modifications or amendments shall become effective when confirmed through an exchange or diplomatic notes and shall constitute an integral part of the Agreement. Provided, however, that in emergency situations, proposals for modifications may be considered by the Contracting Parties and if agreed, given effect to through an exchange of diplomatic notes. Annexes to be Finalised Annex A (Attachment I, II, III and IV) containing the No Concession list and tariff preferences to be granted by the Government of Pakistan and Annex B (Attachments I, II and III) containing the No Concession list and tariff preferences to be granted by the Government of Sri Lanka and Annex C containing the Rules of Origin under the Agreement shall be finalised within a period of 90 days of the signing of this Agreement. All the Annexes shall become effective and shall constitute an integral part of the Agreement when the two Contracting Parties have confirmed through the exchange of diplomatic notes. Article XVII The Agreement shall enter into force on the 30th day after the Contracting Parties hereto have notified each other through diplomatic channels that their respective constitutional requirements and procedures have been completed in respect of this Agreement including the Annexes under Article XVI. In witness whereof the undersigned, duly authorised thereto by their respective Governments, have signed this Agreement. Done in duplicate at Colombo this 1st day of August, 2002 in two originals in the English language. පකිස්ථාන- ශ්‍රී ලංකා නිදහස් වෙළඳ ගිවිසුම (PSFTA) තීරු බදු සහන ලබා දිය යුතු ලියකියවිලි TRQ-Long Grain Basmati Rice වාණිජ දෙපාර්තමේන්තුව 4 වන මහල, "රක්ෂණ මන්දිරය", #21, වෝක්ෂෝල් වීදිය, කොළඹ 02. ශ්‍රී ලංකාව. සබැඳි වෙබ් අඩවි - දේශීය රාජ්‍ය වෙබ් අඩවිය කර්මාන්ත හා වාණිජ කටයුතු අමාත්‍යාංශය විදේශ කටයුතු අමාත්‍යාංශය ශ්‍රී ලංකාව ශ්‍රී ලංකා අපනයන සංවර්ධන මණ්ඩලය ශ්‍රී ලංකා ආයෝජන මණ්ඩලය ශ්‍රී ලංකා තේ සංවර්ධන මණ්ඩලය ශ්‍රී ලංකා සංචාරක මණ්ඩලය වාණිජ සම්බන්ධතා සහ වාණිජ විනිශ්චයන් කතුහිමිකම © 2019 වාණිජ දෙපාර්තමේන්තුව. සියළු හිමිකම් ඇවිරිනි. Information and Communication Technology Agency සමඟ සම්බන්ධිතව සංවර්ධනය කරන ලදී. නිර්මාණය හා සංවර්ධනය Procons Infotech අවසන් යාවත්කාලීනය: 10 July 2019.	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line134
__label__wiki	0.943696	0.943696	Webster, Herbert M.. "Strattons Bald". The University of Tennessee Libraries, Special Collections Libray.: Herbert M. Webster Photographs Collection (1926-1955), MS.3338. Webster, Herbert M.. "Strattons Bald - Dimly seen to left background in Big Frog Mtn. near Etowah". The University of Tennessee Libraries, Special Collections Libray.: Herbert M. Webster Photographs Collection (1926-1955), MS.3338. Webster, Herbert M.. "Stream in Greenbrier". The University of Tennessee Libraries, Special Collections Libray.: Herbert M. Webster Photographs Collection (1926-1955), MS.3338. Webster, Herbert M.. "Stream in the Chilhowee". The University of Tennessee Libraries, Special Collections Libray.: Herbert M. Webster Photographs Collection (1926-1955), MS.3338. Webster, Herbert M.. "Stream. Porters flats or Chilhowee". The University of Tennessee Libraries, Special Collections Libray.: Herbert M. Webster Photographs Collection (1926-1955), MS.3338. Webster, Herbert M.. "Sugarlands. From Alum Cave trail". The University of Tennessee Libraries, Special Collections Libray.: Herbert M. Webster Photographs Collection (1926-1955), MS.3338. North Carolina Dept. of Natural and Economic Resources. Summary, Statewide Comprehensive Outdoor Recreation Plan for North Carolina. North Carolina Dept. of Natural and Economic Resources. Webster, Herbert M.. "Sunset. Rocky Top. Thunderhead". The University of Tennessee Libraries, Special Collections Libray.: Herbert M. Webster Photographs Collection (1926-1955), MS.3338. Webster, Herbert M.. "Sweep of State Line with Mt. Chapman to extreme left & Eagle Rocks to extreme right". The University of Tennessee Libraries, Special Collections Libray.: Herbert M. Webster Photographs Collection (1926-1955), MS.3338. Webster, Herbert M.. "Swimming pool near Greenbrier". The University of Tennessee Libraries, Special Collections Libray.: Herbert M. Webster Photographs Collection (1926-1955), MS.3338. Carden, Gary, and Joan Greene. The Ten-Year Treasury of Cherokee Studies. Cherokee, NC: Museum of the Cherokee Indian. Webster, Herbert M.. "This appears to be Greenbrier Pinnacle. Picture taken from the area above the Cabin before it was over-grown". The University of Tennessee Libraries, Special Collections Libray.: Herbert M. Webster Photographs Collection (1926-1955), MS.3338. Webster, Herbert M.. "Three Forks". The University of Tennessee Libraries, Special Collections Libray.: Herbert M. Webster Photographs Collection (1926-1955), MS.3338. Webster, Herbert M.. "Three Forks. Trip With Chas. Gibson & Tom Brightwell". The University of Tennessee Libraries, Special Collections Libray.: Herbert M. Webster Photographs Collection (1926-1955), MS.3338. Webster, Herbert M.. "Thunderhead from Dry Valley Road". The University of Tennessee Libraries, Special Collections Libray.: Herbert M. Webster Photographs Collection (1926-1955), MS.3338. Webster, Herbert M.. "Thunderhead from Gregory". The University of Tennessee Libraries, Special Collections Libray.: Herbert M. Webster Photographs Collection (1926-1955), MS.3338. Webster, Herbert M.. "Thunderhead from Rich Mtn. Road". The University of Tennessee Libraries, Special Collections Libray.: Herbert M. Webster Photographs Collection (1926-1955), MS.3338. Webster, Herbert M.. "Thunderhead from Silers?". The University of Tennessee Libraries, Special Collections Libray.: Herbert M. Webster Photographs Collection (1926-1955), MS.3338. Webster, Herbert M.. "Thunderhead from Siler's Bald. Special". The University of Tennessee Libraries, Special Collections Libray.: Herbert M. Webster Photographs Collection (1926-1955), MS.3338. Webster, Herbert M.. "Thunderhead from tower on Blanket Mtn.". The University of Tennessee Libraries, Special Collections Libray.: Herbert M. Webster Photographs Collection (1926-1955), MS.3338.	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line141
__label__cc	0.506488	0.493512	Current Search: Research Repository (x) » Jacksonville (x) » Physics (x) 21F Higher Spin Structures in ²⁵Na and ²¹F. Vonmoss, Justin Matthew, Tabor, Samuel Lynn, Plewa, Tomasz, Bonesteel, N. E., Riley, Mark A., Volya, Alexander, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences,... Show moreVonmoss, Justin Matthew, Tabor, Samuel Lynn, Plewa, Tomasz, Bonesteel, N. E., Riley, Mark A., Volya, Alexander, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Physics Two experiments have been performed at Florida State University using the FSU Compton- Suppressed HPGe Array and associated particle telescope. The first experiment used the 9Be(18O, pnγ) reaction at 35 MeV to study the nuclear structure of 25Na. The second experiment used the 9Be(14C, pnγ) reaction at 30, 35, and 45 MeV to study the nuclear structure of 21F. Particle-γ and particle-γ-γ coincidence data were analyzed resulting in the discovery of several new gamma rays and states for both... Show moreTwo experiments have been performed at Florida State University using the FSU Compton- Suppressed HPGe Array and associated particle telescope. The first experiment used the 9Be(18O, pnγ) reaction at 35 MeV to study the nuclear structure of 25Na. The second experiment used the 9Be(14C, pnγ) reaction at 30, 35, and 45 MeV to study the nuclear structure of 21F. Particle-γ and particle-γ-γ coincidence data were analyzed resulting in the discovery of several new gamma rays and states for both nuclei; this includes resolving a doublet in 25Na which has caused significant confusion in previous works. Angular distributions, lifetimes, and transition strengths have been measured for both nuclei. Shell model calculations have been performed using the USDA and WBP interactions; in addition to 0-particle-0-hole states, 1p1h states have been calculated for both nuclei and, in 21F, 2p2h states have been calculated as well. Adaptation of Ultra-Precise Atomic Mass Measurement Techniques to Microwave Spectroscopy on a Single Molecular Ion by Detecting Polarizability Shifts in a Penning Trap. Zarrella, Andrew, Physics Using the FSU Ion Penning trap it is possible to measure the ratio of the cyclotron frequencies of two molecular ions to a precision of 0.1 ppb. These cyclotron frequencies can be shifted due to large electric polarizabilities in some molecular ions. Because the polarizability of the molecular ion is dependent on the quantized rotational levels of the molecule, is possible to use the cyclotron frequency shifts detected in our lab to detect transitions between rotational levels. This allows us... Show moreUsing the FSU Ion Penning trap it is possible to measure the ratio of the cyclotron frequencies of two molecular ions to a precision of 0.1 ppb. These cyclotron frequencies can be shifted due to large electric polarizabilities in some molecular ions. Because the polarizability of the molecular ion is dependent on the quantized rotational levels of the molecule, is possible to use the cyclotron frequency shifts detected in our lab to detect transitions between rotational levels. This allows us to do microwave spectroscopy on single molecular ions. The main goal of this project will be to implement this new method of microwave spectroscopy, by measuring the lambda-type doubling splitting of the diatomic molecular ion, NH+, in its vibrational and rotational ground state. Alkaline Earth Metal Fluxes for the Growth of Single Crystal Oxides. Ramirez, Daniel, Siegrist, Theo M., Hellstrom, Eric, Liang, Zhiyong Richard, Florida State University, Graduate School, Program in Materials Science Oxide ceramics are materials with a wide range of properties. Insulators are most common, however semiconductors, strongly correlated electron materials, and even superconductors are all relevant oxide materials. Here we seek to synthesize novel oxide single crystal phases and study their properties using an alkaline earth metal flux technique. The specific flux techniques are new, and we will seek to understand the capabilities of these fluxes as a novel synthesis tool. The use of a barium... Show moreOxide ceramics are materials with a wide range of properties. Insulators are most common, however semiconductors, strongly correlated electron materials, and even superconductors are all relevant oxide materials. Here we seek to synthesize novel oxide single crystal phases and study their properties using an alkaline earth metal flux technique. The specific flux techniques are new, and we will seek to understand the capabilities of these fluxes as a novel synthesis tool. The use of a barium metal flux to grow single crystal oxides is rather counterintuitive, but is exemplified further with the growth of europium monoxide (Fm3 #225, Z = 4). Eu₁₋xBaxO single crystals (x = 0.01 – 0.25) are grown and studied for their ferromagnetic properties. A new oxide phase Ba₂Eu₂P₂O (P4/mbm #127, Z = 2) has also been synthesized from the same method, and may potentially be studied as a ferromagnetic semiconductor based on preliminary observations. Other examples of single crystal oxide phases grown from barium metal flux includes Ba₂TeO (P4/nmm #129, Z = 2), BaLn₂O₄(Ln = La – Lu) (Pnma #62, Z = 4), and Ba₃Yb₂O₅Te (P4/mmm #123 Z = 1). The new crystal phases Ba₃Ln₂O₅Cl₂ (Ln = Sm – Lu, Y) are synthesized using a reactive barium metal flux. Single crystal x-ray diffraction is used to determine their structures with space group (I4/mmm #139, Z = 2) related to the Ruddlesden-Popper structure type. The unit cell dimensions range from a = 4.46(6) Å and c = 24.87(6) Å for Ba₃Gd₂O₅Cl₂ to a = 4.35(6) Å and c = 24.57(6) Å for Ba₃Lu₂O₅Cl₂ with the dimensions following the expected lanthanide contraction trends. The magnetic properties of these materials are studied and related to their structures. The use of alkaline earth fluxes such as magnesium or calcium based fluxes are also briefly considered for their capabilities to produce novel mixed anion phases. A calcium flux is shown to produce the novel semimetals Ca₄TeOH₄ and Ca₃Ca₁₋xEuxTeOH₄ (I4/mmm #139, Z = 2), and highly reducing magnesium fluxes are shown to produce the divalent samarium Zintl phases SmMg₂Bi₂ and SmMg₂Sb₂ (P3m1 #163, Z = 1). FSU_2016SU_Ramirez_fsu_0071N_13312 Alternating Current Loss Characteristics in (Bi,Pb)₂Sr₂Ca₂Cu₃O₁₀ and YBa₂Cu₃O[subscript 7-δ] Superconducting Tapes. Nguyen, Hau T. B., Schwartz, Justin, Boebinger, Gregory, Logan, Timothy M., Hirst, Linda, Vafek, Oskar, Department of Physics, Florida State University Alternating current (AC) loss and current carrying capacity are two of the most crucial considerations in large-scale power applications of high temperature superconducting (HTS) conductors. AC losses result in an increased thermal load for cooling machines, and thus increased operating costs. Furthermore, AC losses can stimulate quenching phenomena or at least decrease the stability margin for superconducting devices. Thus, understanding AC losses is essential for the development of HTS AC... Show moreAlternating current (AC) loss and current carrying capacity are two of the most crucial considerations in large-scale power applications of high temperature superconducting (HTS) conductors. AC losses result in an increased thermal load for cooling machines, and thus increased operating costs. Furthermore, AC losses can stimulate quenching phenomena or at least decrease the stability margin for superconducting devices. Thus, understanding AC losses is essential for the development of HTS AC applications. The main focus of this dissertation is to make reliable total AC loss measurements and interpret the experimental results in a theoretical framework. With a specially designed magnet, advanced total AC loss measurement system in liquid nitrogen (77 K) has been successfully built. Both calorimetric and electromagnetic methods were employed to confirm the validity of the measured results and to have a more thorough understanding of AC loss in HTS conductors. The measurement is capable of measuring total AC loss in HTS tapes over a wide range of frequency and amplitude of transport current and magnetic field. An accurate phase control technique allows measurement of total AC loss with any phase difference between the transport current and magnetic field by calorimetric method. In addition, a novel total AC loss measurement system with variable temperatures from 30 K to 100 K was successfully built and tested. Understanding the dependence of AC losses on temperature will enable optimization of the operating temperature and design of HTS devices. As a part of the dissertation, numerical calculations using Brandt's model were developed to study electrodynamics and total AC loss in HTS conductors. In the calculations, the superconducting electrical behavior is assumed to follow a power-law model. In general, the practical properties of conductors, including field-dependence of critical current density Jc, n-value and non-uniform distribution of Jc, can be accounted for in the numerical calculations. The numerical calculations are also capable of investigating eddy current loss in the stabilizer and ferromagnetic loss in the substrate of YBa2Cu3O7 (YBCO) coated conductor. AC loss characteristics and electrodynamics in several (Bi,Pb)2Sr2Ca2Cu3Ox (Bi-2223) and YBCO tapes were studied experimentally and numerically. It was found that AC loss behavior in HTS tapes is strongly affected by the sample parameters such as cross-section, structure, dimensions, critical current distribution as well as by operation parameters including temperature, frequency, the phase difference between transport current and magnetic field, the orientation of magnetic field. The Ni-5%W substrate in YBCO conductors generates some ferromagnetic loss but this loss component is significantly reduced by a small parallel DC magnetic field. At a given AC magnetic field B0, there is a temperature Tmax at which the magnetization loss is maximum. The design of HTS devices needs to be optimized to avoid operating at that temperature. In general, the total AC loss in HTS tapes is still high for many power device applications, especially for those that present a rather high AC applied magnetic field. The development of low loss conductors is therefore crucial for HTS large-scale applications. Analysis of Radicals in Gas-Liquid Electrical Discharges. Hsieh, Kevin, Locke, Bruce R., Alabugin, Igor V., Chella, Ravindran, Alamo, Ruﬁna G., Florida State University, College of Engineering, Department of Chemical and Biomedical... Show moreHsieh, Kevin, Locke, Bruce R., Alabugin, Igor V., Chella, Ravindran, Alamo, Ruﬁna G., Florida State University, College of Engineering, Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering Electrical discharge is a commonly used method to produce ions and radicals that can be used for degrading compounds as well as for chemical synthesis. Previously, the application of electrical discharges has been studied in liquids such as water and alcohols to produce hydrogen peroxide and hydrogen and to destroy organic compounds in the water and gas phases. Recently low power gas-liquid electric discharges have been employed to increase efficiency for hydrogen peroxide and oxidized... Show moreElectrical discharge is a commonly used method to produce ions and radicals that can be used for degrading compounds as well as for chemical synthesis. Previously, the application of electrical discharges has been studied in liquids such as water and alcohols to produce hydrogen peroxide and hydrogen and to destroy organic compounds in the water and gas phases. Recently low power gas-liquid electric discharges have been employed to increase efficiency for hydrogen peroxide and oxidized products for synthesis or degradation. Determination and analysis of the intermediate radicals produced in the plasma has not been studied intensively for discharges at the gas-liquid interface such as aerosol sprays and thin liquid films. According to theoretical models based on reaction kinetics in plasma these radicals such as hydroxyl radicals play an important role in formation of hydrogen peroxide. However, there may be excess hydroxyl radicals formed and not involved in the formation of hydrogen peroxide. The main goal of this work is to characterize and identify key intermediate radicals and their reaction pathways in the liquid phase, gas phase, and at the interface of these aerosol droplets and thin film surfaces using various gases and liquid feeds. Analyzing Powers for the 12C(7Li, t/d/p) Reactions. Weintraub, William D., Kemper, Kirby W., Robson, Donald, Cottle, Paul, Schlottmann, Pedro, Safron, Sanford A., Department of Physics, Florida State University The first, second, and third rank analyzing powers tT10, tT20, tT30, and tT20 as well as cross section angular distributions for 12C(7Li, t/d/p) at 34 MeV were measured. The experimental results gave nonzero values for tT10 and tT30 which is indicative of a non-statistical compound nucleus reaction mechanism according to Hauser-Feshbach predictions. The experimental results were compared to finite-range distorted wave Born approximation calculations are discussed along with previous results.... Show moreThe first, second, and third rank analyzing powers tT10, tT20, tT30, and tT20 as well as cross section angular distributions for 12C(7Li, t/d/p) at 34 MeV were measured. The experimental results gave nonzero values for tT10 and tT30 which is indicative of a non-statistical compound nucleus reaction mechanism according to Hauser-Feshbach predictions. The experimental results were compared to finite-range distorted wave Born approximation calculations are discussed along with previous results. The main goal of this work is to determine the reaction mechanism; do these reactions proceed via direct transfer or statistical compound nucleus formation, and if direct, did it occur in one step or multiple steps? The results indicate that all the reactions studied are direct to some degree. There is evidence for direct transfer of a 4,5 He cluster but not a 6He cluster. Angular Momentum Induced Shape Changes in the Rare-Earth Nuclei ¹⁵²,¹⁵³Gd and ¹⁵⁹,¹⁶⁰Yb. Campbell, David B., Riley, Mark A., Steinbock, Oliver, Weidenhover, Ingo, Coa, Jianming, Piekarewicz, Jorge, Department of Physics, Florida State University The technique of studying nuclear structure under the rigors of high angular momentum through the examination of γ-ray cascades has recently undergone an explosion in productivity. These advances have been brought on primarily by the development of new detection systems, such as GAMMASPHERE, which are comprised of numerous individual elements. When these Compton-suppressed Ge detectors are operated in unison, a remarkable ability to distinguish weak and exotic changes in structure emerges.... Show moreThe technique of studying nuclear structure under the rigors of high angular momentum through the examination of γ-ray cascades has recently undergone an explosion in productivity. These advances have been brought on primarily by the development of new detection systems, such as GAMMASPHERE, which are comprised of numerous individual elements. When these Compton-suppressed Ge detectors are operated in unison, a remarkable ability to distinguish weak and exotic changes in structure emerges. The current generation of spectrometers have allowed dramatic insight into the nucleus and are eclipsed only by the promises of arrays currently on the horizon. The fundamentals of employing γ-ray spectroscopic techniques to examine the fascinating behavior of rapidly rotating nuclei using these arrays will be discussed. The rare earth region of the nuclear landscape is a significant expanse of heavy nuclei with varying degrees of shell occupation. The region has proven to be a rich environment for studying nuclear structure at high spin. For example, superdeformation, identical bands, and backbending were all discovered in this region. This work explores the advances made on four nuclei from this region: 152,153Gd and 159,160Yb. Extensive additions to the previously known structure were made for each nucleus, exposing an unexpected similarity between 152Gd and 154Dy. Long sought after evidence of an angular momentum induced change in nuclear shape was found for each of the nuclei. This shift, from prolate collective rotation at low spin to oblate single particle behavior at high spin, represents a dramatic change in the method employed by the nucleus to generate angular momentum. Anomalous Metallic Behavior in Strongly Correlated Electron Systems with Disorder. Tanaskovic, Darko, Dobrosavljevic, Vladimir, Dalal, Naresh, Manousakis, Efstratios, Capstick, Simon, Xiong, Peng, Department of Physics, Florida State University We study several aspects of the behavior of strongly correlated electron systems with disorder. First we examine the influence of strong electron-electron interactions on the impurity dominated resistivity. In the weak-coupling limit, the resistivity is reduced by the screening effect which is determined by the charge compressibility, which is proportional to the inverse screening length. We show that when strong correlations are present, although the compressibility is reduced, the screening... Show moreWe study several aspects of the behavior of strongly correlated electron systems with disorder. First we examine the influence of strong electron-electron interactions on the impurity dominated resistivity. In the weak-coupling limit, the resistivity is reduced by the screening effect which is determined by the charge compressibility, which is proportional to the inverse screening length. We show that when strong correlations are present, although the compressibility is reduced, the screening effect is nevertheless strongly enhanced. This phenomenon is traced to the non-perturbative Kondo-like processes captured by dynamical mean field theory, but which are absent in weak coupling approaches. We discuss a possible relevance of our results for the physics of high mobility MOSFETs. In the second part of the thesis we study possible mechanisms of disorder-driven non-Fermi liquid behavior in heavy fermion systems. We present simple analytical arguments explaining the universal emergence of electronic Griffiths phases as precursors of disorder-driven metal-insulator transitions in correlated electronic systems. Then we examine the interplay of the Kondo effect and the RKKY interactions in electronic Griffiths phases using extended dynamical mean-field theory methods. We find that sub-Ohmic dissipation is generated for sufficiently strong disorder, leading to suppression of Kondo screening on a finite fraction of spins, and giving rise to universal spin-liquid behavior. Applications of Effective Field Theories to the Many-Body Nuclear Problem and Frustrated Spin Chains. Felline, Cosimo, Piekarewicz, Jorge, Krishnamurti, Ruby, Capstick, Simon, Tabor, Samuel, Schlottmann, Pedro, Department of Physics, Florida State University Modern effective-theory techniques are applied to the many-body nuclear problem and frustrated quantum spin chains. A novel approach is proposed for the renormalization of nucleon-nucleon operators in a manner consistent with the construction of the effective potential. To test this approach a one-dimesional, yet realistic, nucleon-nucleon potential is introduced. An effective potential is then constructed by tuning its parameters to reproduce the exact effective range expansion and a variety... Show moreModern effective-theory techniques are applied to the many-body nuclear problem and frustrated quantum spin chains. A novel approach is proposed for the renormalization of nucleon-nucleon operators in a manner consistent with the construction of the effective potential. To test this approach a one-dimesional, yet realistic, nucleon-nucleon potential is introduced. An effective potential is then constructed by tuning its parameters to reproduce the exact effective range expansion and a variety of bare operators are renormalized in a fashion compatible with this construction. Predictions for the expectation values of these operators in the ground state reproduce the results of the exact theory with remarkable accuracy (at the 0.5% level). We illustrate the main ideas of this work using the elastic form factor of the deuteron as an example. We also apply th COntractor REnormalizator technique to the study of frustrated anti-ferromagnetic zig-zag spin chains with arbitrary half-integer spin. A basis is employed in which three neighboring spins are coupled to a well-defined value of the total angular momentum. The basis is then truncated to retain only the lowest lying energy states, and the Hamiltonian renormalized to reproduce the low-lying spectrum of the original system. We prove the necessity of retaining two, rather than one, lowest energy eigenstates as frustration is increased. A finite size scaling approach is used to extract ground state energy densities in good agreement with DMRG calculations and spin gaps in qualitative agreement with the disappearance of the Haldane phase around a=0.3. Moreover, we are able to develop a renormalization group equation that predicts accurately the ground state energy density of the chain in the thermodynamic limit. Automated One-Loop QCD and Electroweak Calculations with NLOX. Honeywell, Steven Joseph, Reina, Laura, Aluffi, Paolo, Owens, Joseph F., Roberts, Winston, Yohay, Rachel, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of... Show moreHoneywell, Steven Joseph, Reina, Laura, Aluffi, Paolo, Owens, Joseph F., Roberts, Winston, Yohay, Rachel, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Physics We introduce a new framework, NLOX, in which one-loop QCD and electroweak corrections to Standard Model processes can be automatically calculated. Within this framework, we calculate the first order of electroweak corrections to the hadronic production of Z + 1b-jet and discuss some of the most relevant theoretical issues related to this process. FSU_2017SP_Honeywell_fsu_0071E_13868 Baroclinic Geostrophic Turbulence and Jets in the Laboratory. Smith, Carlowen Andrew, Speer, Kevin G., Landing, William M., Dewar, William K., Sura, Philip, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Program in Geophysical... Show moreSmith, Carlowen Andrew, Speer, Kevin G., Landing, William M., Dewar, William K., Sura, Philip, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Program in Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Baroclinic, geostrophic turbulence is random, chaotic flow characterized by significant vertical gradients in density (Bu << 1) in which rotation plays a major role (Ro << 1). In the presence of a large-scale background gradient of potential vorticity (a β-effect ), a symmetry-breaking occurs which admits anisotropy in the system. These conditions form the fundamental dynamical basis of many natural geophysical flows on a planetary scale (Rh << 1), and even fairly simple models of these... Show moreBaroclinic, geostrophic turbulence is random, chaotic flow characterized by significant vertical gradients in density (Bu << 1) in which rotation plays a major role (Ro << 1). In the presence of a large-scale background gradient of potential vorticity (a β-effect ), a symmetry-breaking occurs which admits anisotropy in the system. These conditions form the fundamental dynamical basis of many natural geophysical flows on a planetary scale (Rh << 1), and even fairly simple models of these phenomena can exhibit quite complex behavior. One such aspect that is common to these flows is that of multiple, zonal jets. These are spontaneous flow structures characterized by fast East-West (azimuthal) motion. This thesis describes the creation of multiple jets in the laboratory within a fully-stratified, baroclinically-forced fluid subject to rotation and a β-effect. By carefully controlling the forcing parameters, we observe the transition between a single “classical” baroclinic wave and regimes that closely resemble conditions of natural planetary flows. Observing this transition in the laboratory shows that the proposed scaling arguments are valid and have predictive power in the case of multiple zonal jets in a baroclinic fluid. Spontaneous eddy forcing of the mean flow is shown to be the ultimate driving force of the jets, whose evolution is observed in time. A long-duration drift in the jet structure is observed and quantified to be an order of magnitude less than the Rossby wave phase speed. A detailed quantitative analysis of the structure the flow field sheds further light. This is done through both a standpoint of the Eulerian flow fields, and the raw data associated with the (Lagrangian) tracks of neutrally buoyant particles within the flow. There is a significant transition of the power law scaling of Fourier spectra between dynamically significant scales. As the flow changes between experiments, the power law of the Eulerian spectra can change over particular scale ranges, which is direct evidence of a regime change. Access to raw Lagrangian tracks of the fluid allow a direct characterization of the flow field that is independent of the Eulerian. The structure function technique is introduced and shows a fundamental change in behavior between dynamic scales, and between experiments, in a way consistent with theory. A preliminary analysis is carried out of an experiment studying the competing mechanisms of buoyancy and wind forcing present on a single zonal jet. This is simulated in a rotating annulus of fluid by imposing a radial temperature gradient across the annulus gap, while applying mechanical forcing at the surface through the differential rotation of a rigid lid in contact with a surface layer of oil. A radially-sloping bottom creates a fluid depth gradient and simple topography in the form of five regularly spaced meridional ridges creates azimuthally varying f/h contours that steer the first-order flow. By varying the strength of wind and thermal forcing on the fluid, several regimes of flow are produced. Analysis of the Eulerian field shows the response of zonal transport and eddy kinetic energy to these different forcing regimes. The thesis concludes with a description of the development of an apparatus to push the observations into a more turbulent dynamical range. This includes information about the spin-up and maintenance of a large-scale sloping thermal gradient in the apparatus, as well as some preliminary results. 2018_Sp_Smith_fsu_0071E_14453_comp Set of related objects Bayesian Neural Networks for Classification. Saucedo, Skyler Richard, Prosper, Harrison B., Adams, Todd, Hagopian, Vasken, Department of Physics, Florida State University We study a model for classification based upon Bayesian statistics. The model, called Bayesian Neural Networks (BNN), is based on a function that is a weighted sum of hyperbolic tangent functions. To illustrate this method, we apply it to the task of separating Supersymmetric (SUSY) events from Standard Model proton-proton events at the LHC. Unlike conventional Neural Networks, the BNN model is an average over networks, which is done by integrating over a high dimensional parameter space.... Show moreWe study a model for classification based upon Bayesian statistics. The model, called Bayesian Neural Networks (BNN), is based on a function that is a weighted sum of hyperbolic tangent functions. To illustrate this method, we apply it to the task of separating Supersymmetric (SUSY) events from Standard Model proton-proton events at the LHC. Unlike conventional Neural Networks, the BNN model is an average over networks, which is done by integrating over a high dimensional parameter space. Since integrating over the parameter space is analytically impossible, the BNN method uses Hybrid Markov Chain Monte Carlo techniques to sample the desired probability densities while preserving a high acceptance rate. In this thesis we study the correlation properties of a sequence of Neural Networks. The results of this study are of great importance because validate the strategy currently used by the D0 collaboration, in the search for single top quarks at Fermilab. Beta Decay Studies of Neutron-Rich ³⁰,³¹Al and in-Beam Studies of Neutron-Rich ³⁰Al. Hinners, Trisha, Tabor, Samuel L., Aldrovandi, Ettore, Blessing, Susan, Riley, Mark, Piekarewicz, Jorge, Department of Physics, Florida State University Low-spin states were studied in 30Al following the β decay of 30Mg produced in the fragmentation of 140 MeV/AMU 48Ca. Analysis of the β-γ and β-γ-γ coincidences revealed a new 1+ state at 2413 keV, confirmation of the level scheme, and a more accurate half life measurement of 315(6)ms for the 30Mg ground state. Higher-spin states were investigated in the reaction of 14C on 18O at 22 MeV. Protons and deuterons were detected in a segmented E-Δ E Si telescope in coincidence with one or two gamma... Show moreLow-spin states were studied in 30Al following the β decay of 30Mg produced in the fragmentation of 140 MeV/AMU 48Ca. Analysis of the β-γ and β-γ-γ coincidences revealed a new 1+ state at 2413 keV, confirmation of the level scheme, and a more accurate half life measurement of 315(6)ms for the 30Mg ground state. Higher-spin states were investigated in the reaction of 14C on 18O at 22 MeV. Protons and deuterons were detected in a segmented E-Δ E Si telescope in coincidence with one or two gamma rays in the FSU Ge detector array. A comparison of the resulting level and decay scheme with predictions of the sd shell model shows good agreement with all but 6 of the states in both excitation energy and γ decay branching ratios. The RMS deviations in energy of these states using the older USD and newer USDA and USDB interactions were 265, 176, and 173 keV respectively. The remaining 6 states are well described as 4-to 7- states, similar in relative energy to those in 28Al but shifted down by about 1200 keV. These states also agree well with the predictions of shell model calculations using the WBP interaction. A comparison of the lowest 4- states in even A Na, Al, and P isotopes shows a systematic decrease in energy with increasing N and with decreasing Z. The energies of the 4- states are almost identical in nuclei with the same N - Z values. In addition to the study of 30Al, 31Al was also produced following the β decay of 31Mg in the fragmentation of 140 MeV/AMU 48Ca. The β-γ and β-γ-γ coincidences were able to show all previously known work. However, no new transitions were observed. Braiding and Berry's Phases in Non-Abelian Quantum Hall States. Zikos, Georgios, Bonesteel, Nicholas, Aldrovandi, Ettore, Schlottmann, Pedro, Reina, Laura, Chiorescu, Irinel, Department of Physics, Florida State University If one could be built, a quantum computer would be capable of storing and manipulating quantum states with sufficient accuracy to carry out computations that no classical computer can do (most notably factoring integers in polynomial time). The greatest obstacle to building such a device is the problem of error and decoherence. Classical computers can exploit the physical robustness of ordered states to protect classical information (as in, for example, the magnetically ordered state of a... Show moreIf one could be built, a quantum computer would be capable of storing and manipulating quantum states with sufficient accuracy to carry out computations that no classical computer can do (most notably factoring integers in polynomial time). The greatest obstacle to building such a device is the problem of error and decoherence. Classical computers can exploit the physical robustness of ordered states to protect classical information (as in, for example, the magnetically ordered state of a hard drive). Remarkably, a type of quantum order known as topological order can, in principle, play the same role for quantum information. The best studied topologically ordered states are quantum Hall states. These states arise when a two-dimensional electron gas is placed in a strong magnetic field and cooled to low temperatures. Under the right conditions, the electrons condense into an incompressible quantum liquid whose excitations are particle-like objects with fractional charge (quasiparticles). Certain quantum Hall states are thought to be non Abelian. This means that when a finite number of quasiparticles are present and fixed in space there is a low energy Hilbert space with finite dimension, rather than a unique state. Unitary operations can then be carried out on this Hilbert space by adiabatically dragging quasiparticles around one another so that their world-lines sweep out braids in 2+1 dimensional space time. A quantum computer which stores quantum information in this Hilbert space and computes by braiding is known as a topological quantum computer. In this thesis I review our work on determining precisely how one would carry out a computation on a topological quantum computer. I focus on the so-called Fibonacci anyons--quasiparticles which may exist in the experimentally observed quantum Hall state at Landau level filling fraction ν = 12/5. I give explicit prescriptions for encoding qubits (quantum bits) using Fibonacci anyons, and show how one would carry out a universal set of quantum gates (the quantum analogs of Boolean logic gates) by braiding them. I then focus in particular on my work developing algorithms for performing brute force searches over the space of braids to find braids which produce unitary operations close to any desired operation. These brute force searches are a crucial part of our quantum gate construction, and I show that by using a so-called "load balanced" bidirectional search I can find braids which approximate any desired operation to an accuracy of 1 part in 10 5 . I then turn to my work calculating the Berry's phase obtained when quasiparticles are moved around one another in the Moore-Read state, a non Abelian state generally believed to describe the ν = 5/2 quantum Hall effect. This work is done using variational Monte Carlo, a method which allows one to numerically evaluate the Berry's phase for finite size systems. By exploiting certain properties of the Moore-Read state I have been able to study systems consisting of as many as 150 electrons. In so doing I have verified the conjectured connection between the Berry's phase produced by physically moving quasiparticles around one another and the mathematical phase one obtains by simply analytically continuing the quasiparticle coordinates. An added benefit of these calculations is that we can deduce the length scale which determines the size of the quasiparticles. This length scale dictates how far apart the quasiparticles must be in order to prevent errors when they are used for topological quantum computation. The Changing Geomagnetic Field from the Ionosphere to the Core-Mantle Boundary. Mozzoni, David T. (David Theodore), Van Winkle, David, Cunningham, Philip, Berg, Bernd, Cain, Joseph, Riley, Mark, Department of Physics, Florida State University In this study two aspects of the geomagnetic field have been investigated. The first part focuses on perturbations of the external field, as seen by the CHAMP satellite and predicted by the Thermosphere-Ionosphere Electrodynamic General Circulation Model, for the purpose of helping to separate out ionospheric sources from the ambient geomagnetic field using a physics based approach. Part two looks at variations of the internal field through an examination of the South Atlantic Anomaly. The... Show moreIn this study two aspects of the geomagnetic field have been investigated. The first part focuses on perturbations of the external field, as seen by the CHAMP satellite and predicted by the Thermosphere-Ionosphere Electrodynamic General Circulation Model, for the purpose of helping to separate out ionospheric sources from the ambient geomagnetic field using a physics based approach. Part two looks at variations of the internal field through an examination of the South Atlantic Anomaly. The NCAR Thermosphere-Ionosphere Electrodynamic General Circulation Model (TIE-GCM) is a self-consistent, global, atmospheric model that can be used to estimate magnetic perturbations at satellite altitude. These computed perturbations can then be compared with the magnetic vector data provided by low-earth orbiting satellites. Analogous CHAMP magnetic vector residuals were computed for these intervals using the CHAOS model to remove the core and crustal geomagnetic contributions. Under various input parameters, the TIE-GCM predictions were compared with the CHAMP residuals on an orbit by orbit basis demonstrating a reasonable agreement between the TIE-GCM estimates and the CHAMP residuals in non-polar, dayside regions (±50° magnetic latitude). Although no clear component or temporal correlation was discerned, evidence showing overall residual decrease in the comparisons presents the possibility of using the TIE-GCM to preprocess geomagnetic data for main field modeling purposes. A group of spherical harmonic field test models, developed utilizing this correction, verify the feasibility of this application. Variations of the internal field are investigated through study of the South Atlantic Anomaly, a region of low geomagnetic field measured at the Earth's surface. The time evolution of this feature is tracked at the surface over the last 400 years. Subsequently, its associations with the axial dipole moment and radial geomagnetic flux are examined at the core-mantle boundary, revealing in the process, a possible link between total unsigned flux and geomagnetic jerks. Characterization, Fabrication, and Application of Molecularly Modified Semiconductor Nano-Devices. Chen, Kan-Sheng, Xiong, Peng, Stiegman, Albert, Bonesteel, Nicholas, Chiorescu, Irinel, Crede, Volker, Department of Physics, Florida State University The integration of soft (organic, biological) and hard (semiconducting, metallic) materials is of central importance in a host of emerging areas in materials research and nanoscience. Micro- and nano-scale hybrid soft/hard condensed matter structures are necessary components for such diverse applications as molecular electronics, biological and chemical sensing, directed assembly of functional nanostructures, and controlled solution-chemistry synthesis of nanomaterials. Organic molecules have... Show moreThe integration of soft (organic, biological) and hard (semiconducting, metallic) materials is of central importance in a host of emerging areas in materials research and nanoscience. Micro- and nano-scale hybrid soft/hard condensed matter structures are necessary components for such diverse applications as molecular electronics, biological and chemical sensing, directed assembly of functional nanostructures, and controlled solution-chemistry synthesis of nanomaterials. Organic molecules have been employed not only as pathways for molecular recognition (e.g., in biosensing and directed assembly), but also as means to produce novel electronic functionality and even as active electronic components (e.g., in molecular junctions and single molecule transistors). In recent years, the scientific and engineering community has expended unprecedented effort on fundamental research in this area of nanotechnology, in hope of finding new paradigms of nanoelectronics and biomedical sensors. Inspired by this concept, this dissertation research explores the fabrication and characterization of several diverse types of solid-state/molecular hybrid nanostructures. The objectives of the research are two-fold: 1) to investigate directed self-assembly of semiconductor nano devices using molecular templates and examine molecular modification of the electronic characteristics of such devices, and 2) to study molecular functionalization of semiconductor micro/nano devices and the utilization of the functionalized devices for biomolecular sensing. Carbon nanotubes are a class of quasi-one-dimensional nanomaterials which have received extensive interest. Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) exhibit excellent electrical properties suitable for high performance nanoelectronics. Individual SWNT field-effect transistors (FETs) have been shown to outperform state-of-the-art silicon counterparts. However, the integration of the SWNT devices into high-density architectures remains a challenge. Through the bottom-up approach, utilizing directed assembly of solvent suspended SWNTs onto a molecular template, we demonstrated the fabrication of high performance SWNT-FETs. Furthermore, selective functionalization of the metal electrodes with various polar molecules patterned by dip-pen nanolithography (DPN) gave rise to molecularly modified SWNT-FETs comprising of s-SWNT/molecule/Au heterojunction and resulted in pronounced modification to the key electrical characteristics of the SWNT-FETs, including subthreshold swing, ON/OFF ratio, and threshold voltage. By replacing the semiconducting SWNT to a metallic one, the same strategy produced m-SWNT/molecule/Au heterojunction, where the m-SWNT serves a metallic nanoprobe to study the tunneling properties of electrical current through the molecular SAM. The extraordinary precision and high spatial registry of DPN were also used to selectively functionalize active regions of micro-Hall magnetometers fabricated from an InAs quantum well heterostructures, as a necessary step towards using the μ-Hall devices for biomolecular sensing. To demonstrate detection of protein binding, the submicron molecular SAM functionalized region was subsequently attached with biotin molecules. The streptavidin coated superparamagnetic nanobeads were specifically assembled onto the biotinylated region of μ-Hall device through the biotin-streptavidin linkage and detected by the ac-phase sensitive Hall magnetometry at room temperature. The same sensing scheme was employed for label-free discrimination of a 35 base pair (bp) single strand (ss) DNA target, as a demonstration for point of care (POC) pathogenic DNA detection. An independent study of fluorescence microscopy based on arrays of mimic μ-Hall crosses showed that the platform is feasible for discriminating target DNA at a concentration of 36 pM and < 10 ppm in the presence of extraneous DNA. Binary oxide nanobelts, synthesized through a catalyst-free physical vapor deposition growth method, have emerged as a class of useful quasi-one-dimensional nanomaterials with unique "belt" like morphology. We have fabricated high-performance channel-limited SnO2 nanobelt FETs and utilized them as high sensitivity electrochemical transducers to detect various biomolecules by molecularly modifying the surface of the nanobelt with specific molecular receptors. We first demonstrated the efficacy of the sensing scheme and platform via detection of streptavidin protein using biotinylated SnO2 nanobelt FETs. The same platform was then modified to detect cardiac troponin I (cTnI) antigen, a biomedically significant marker that has been widely considered to be an effective indicator of cardiac damage upon trauma to the heart. A systematic effort was placed on optimizing and extending the capabilities of the platform. The procedures for functionalizing the oxide surface of nanobelts were modified to improve the contact transparency between the molecularly functionalized nanobelt channel and the metal electrodes to increase the yield in obtaining channel-limited SnO2 FETs for sensing applications. The versatility of the sensing scheme was finally extended by the successful attachment of DNA aptamer to the surface of the oxide nanobelts, which provides a potential general pathway to the binding of a broad variety of biomolecules, such as small molecules, proteins, nucleic acids, and even cells, tissues, and organisms. With the DNA aptamer functionalized SnO2 nanobelt FET devices, we successfully demonstrated the detection of thrombin molecules. Charge and Spin Processes in Anisotropic Materials. Jobiliong, Eric, Brooks, James S., Dalal, Naresh, Dobrosavljevic, Vladimir, Xiong, Peng, Piekarewicz, Jorge, Department of Physics, Florida State University Several materials have been investigated in order to study charge and spin processes in anisotropic materials, particularly in high magnetic fields. The behavior of charge carriers in graphite based material, such as bulk graphite, mesoscopic graphite and graphite intercalated compound is studied. In novel spin systems, a dense Kondo system, CeAgSb2 which has ferro- and antiferro-magnetic ordering depending on the direction of the magnetic field has been selected, in order to study the... Show moreSeveral materials have been investigated in order to study charge and spin processes in anisotropic materials, particularly in high magnetic fields. The behavior of charge carriers in graphite based material, such as bulk graphite, mesoscopic graphite and graphite intercalated compound is studied. In novel spin systems, a dense Kondo system, CeAgSb2 which has ferro- and antiferro-magnetic ordering depending on the direction of the magnetic field has been selected, in order to study the behavior of the spin in this system. Here, I present briefly an explanation of each part of this work. The nature of the magnetic field dependent metal-insulator behavior has been investigated in bulk highly oriented pyrolytic graphite at low temperatures by electronic transport. The metal-insulator behavior has been examined by applying uniaxial stress to our sample up to 8 kbar and found that the temperature dependence of the resistivity for different magnetic fields is the same as that in ambient pressure. The temperature dependence of the resistivity in mesoscopic graphite (called as few layer graphene or FLG) has a strong dependence on the thickness of the sample. The effect of electric field in FLG has been studied in both magnetic fields and zero field. The Shubnikov-de Haas (SdH) oscillations frequency increases with absolute value of the gate voltage. I do not observe the field induced charge density wave transition, which is observed in bulk graphite. The intercalated graphite superconductor CaC6 with Tc ~ 11.5 K has been synthesized and characterized with magnetoresistance measurements. By using the McMillan formula, the electron-phonon coupling constant is estimated to be Ê = 0.85 which places this material in the intermediate-coupling regime. The angular dependence of the upper critical field parallel and perpendicular to the superconducting planes suggests that this material is a quasi-2D superconductor. Of the dense Kondo materials in the class CeTSb2 (where T = Au, Ag, Ni, Cu, or Pd), CeAgSb2 is special due to its complex magnetic ground state, which exhibits both ferro- and anti-ferromagnetic character below an ordering temperature TO ~ 9.8 K. To further elucidate a description this magnetic ground state, I have carried out a systematic study of single crystalline CeAgSb2 by magnetic, electrical magneto-transport, and SdH studies. At zero field the temperature dependent resistivity below TO is most consistent with antiferromagnetic order, based on transport theory which includes magnon scattering. Charge Glassiness and Magnetotransport in Lightly Doped Cuprates. Raičević, Ivana, Popović, Dragana, Dobrosavljević, Vladimir, Dalal, Naresh, Brooks, James, Wahl, Horst, Department of Physics, Florida State University Magnetotransport and resistance noise have been studied in high quality singlecrystals of La2Cu1−xLixO4 and La2−xSrxCuO4 with x=0.03. The detailed measurements are performed at temperatures ranging from 0.03 to 190K and in magnetic fields of up to 18T parallel and perpendicular to the c axis of the crystals. Two specific problems have been addressed: the emergence of both the charge glassiness and positive magnetoresistance at very low temperatures in both materials, and the formation of... Show moreMagnetotransport and resistance noise have been studied in high quality singlecrystals of La2Cu1−xLixO4 and La2−xSrxCuO4 with x=0.03. The detailed measurements are performed at temperatures ranging from 0.03 to 190K and in magnetic fields of up to 18T parallel and perpendicular to the c axis of the crystals. Two specific problems have been addressed: the emergence of both the charge glassiness and positive magnetoresistance at very low temperatures in both materials, and the formation of skyrmions at moderate temperatures in Li doped La2CuO4. The signatures of charge glassiness have been observed for the first time in lightly doped cuprates in this study. It is shown that the magnetoresistance exhibits features of glassy systems such as hysteresis, history dependence and memory effects at temperatures far below the spin-glass transition temperature. The resistance noise spectroscopy has also revealed that the charge dynamics becomes increasingly slow and correlated, i.e. glassy, as temperature goes to 0. All our results support the picture of the spatial segregation of holes into the hole-rich regions in the presence of the hole-poor antiferromagnetic (AF) domains in CuO2 planes, as inferred from other studies and different experimental techniques. However, for the first time, we have disclosed that these hole-rich regions are dynamic at such low temperatures. Furthermore, in the same temperature regime, we have observed that the magnetoresistance becomes positive. Our data strongly indicate that the onset of this positive sign strongly correlates to the emergence of the charge glass dynamics. The complicated behavior of the cuprates, as strongly correlated electron systems, is once again manifested through our observation of the emergence of the skyrmion texture in La2Cu0.97Li0.03O4. Our work, described in Chapter 5, presents the first experimental evidence for quantum (T = 0) skyrmions in the ground state of a doped antiferromagnet. The skyrmions are topologically nontrivial magnetic excitations that can be detected using the magnetoresistance measurements. In particular, we demonstrate that the skyrmions make a clear signature in the magnetotransport, since their formation is responsible for the change in the monotonic increase of the magnetoresistance step size with decreasing temperature. The Cluster Structure of Oxygen Isotopes. Johnson, Eric D., Rogachev, Grigory V., Humayun, Munir, Blessing, Susan K., Tabor, Samuel L., Volya, Alexander S., Department of Physics, Florida State University The alpha-cluster structure of two oxygen isotopes, 17O and 18O, was studied using two experimental techniques. The first technique measured resonance elastic scattering of alpha particles and the second used the direct alpha-transfer reactions (6Li,d) and (7Li,t) to determine resonance properties. Motivation for this study was two-fold. First, the alpha-cluster structure of N not equal Z nuclei is poorly known and is a subject of intense theoretical discussion . Historically, the alpha... Show moreThe alpha-cluster structure of two oxygen isotopes, 17O and 18O, was studied using two experimental techniques. The first technique measured resonance elastic scattering of alpha particles and the second used the direct alpha-transfer reactions (6Li,d) and (7Li,t) to determine resonance properties. Motivation for this study was two-fold. First, the alpha-cluster structure of N not equal Z nuclei is poorly known and is a subject of intense theoretical discussion . Historically, the alpha-particle model of the atomic nucleus was the leading model of nuclear structure. As it became clear that nuclei consist of protons and neutrons this model was replaced. The Pauli principle forbids nucleons from different alpha particles to be in the same state since the total wave function of an atomic nucleus must be antisymmetric. However, alpha clusters have been used to explain various nuclear effects including quasi-rotational bands of states with large alpha-particle widths which were observed in light 4N nuclei, 8Be, 12C, 16O and so on. Included here is a report on the observation of the alpha-cluster structure in the N not equal Z nucleus 18O. We measured the alpha-cluster structure of 18O using the Thick Target Inverse Kinematics (TTIK) technique . We found that 18O has a very elaborate alpha-cluster structure, including two unusual states with alpha widths larger than the single particle limit (the Wigner limit ). A comparison of the observed 18O alpha-cluster structure with the predictions of modern theoretical approaches is given. The peculiar nature of the two very broad states is discussed. Second, the alpha-cluster structure of near alpha-threshold excited states in 17O and 18O plays a crucial role in the field of nuclear astrophysics as it determines the rates of the 13C(alpha,n) and 14C(alpha,gamma) reactions. These reactions are thought to play important roles in stellar evolution of Asymptotic Giant Branch (AGB) stars. Unfortunately, direct measurement of these reactions is currently impractical. This has led to the development of indirect methods to determine reaction rates. One such method is the Asymptotic Normalization Coefficient (ANC) technique. We determined the alpha-cluster structure of several near alpha-threshold states in 17O and 18O using this ANC technique. Using this alpha-cluster information we were able to determine the 13C(alpha,n) reaction rate and reduce its uncertainty from approximately 300% to 25%. Also we were able to calculate the 14C(alpha,gamma) reaction rate. Accurately knowing the 13C(alpha,n) reaction rate is crucial to the modeling of AGB stars, and a reliable determination of the 14C(alpha,gamma) reaction rate is needed in order to help understand the unexplained abundance of 19F in the universe. Clustering in ¹⁸O and ANC Measurements Using (⁶Li,D) Reactions. Avila, Melina, Rogachev, Grigory, Humayun, Munir, Hoeﬂich, Peter, Volya, Alexander, Wiedenhover, Ingo, Department of Physics, Florida State University Clustering in atomic nuclei is an interesting phenomenon that has been studied extensively in the past. However, most studies were related to clustering in α-like 4N nuclei. This work is focused on clustering in N≠Z non-self-conjugate nuclei. Two experimental approaches are applied. Properties of resonances above the α-decay threshold in 18O are studied using resonance elastic scattering of α-particles on 14C. Asymptotic Normalization Coefficients (ANCs) of near-threshold resonances in 16O,... Show moreClustering in atomic nuclei is an interesting phenomenon that has been studied extensively in the past. However, most studies were related to clustering in α-like 4N nuclei. This work is focused on clustering in N≠Z non-self-conjugate nuclei. Two experimental approaches are applied. Properties of resonances above the α-decay threshold in 18O are studied using resonance elastic scattering of α-particles on 14C. Asymptotic Normalization Coefficients (ANCs) of near-threshold resonances in 16O, 17O and 20Ne are measured using sub-Coulomb α-transfer (6Li,d) reaction. To investigate the α-cluster states of 18O the α+14C elastic scattering reaction was studied using the Thick Target Inverse Kinematics (TTIK) technique. An exhaustive analysis of the 14C+α excitation functions using multi-channel, multi-level R-matrix approach has been performed. This analysis led to a more complete picture of α-cluster states in 18O. The excitation function was studied in an excitation energy range of 8 MeV-15 MeV. The most remarkable feature found in this analysis is the presence of states with high degree of clustering throughout the whole excitation energy range, including two states with pure α-cluster configuration. To provide a more detailed description of these two broad states, potential model calculations were preformed. These calculations reproduced rather well the excitation energy and width of these states. The Asymptotic Normalization Coefficient (ANC) technique can be used as an effective method to determine the astrophysical S-factor. Combination of the sub-Coulomb α-transfer reaction and application of the ANC technique in the analysis of the experimental data practically eliminates dependence of the result on model parameters, making this approach a very valuable tool for studies of astrophysically important reaction rates. In this study we report the ANC measurements of near threshold states for the reactions: 16O(6Li,d20Ne, 13C(6Li,d)17O and 12C(6Li,d)16O. Two astrophysically important reactions, 13C(α,n) and 12C(α,γ) were studied. The 13C(α,n) reaction is considered to be the main source of neutrons for the s-process in Asymptotic Giant Branch (AGB) stars and the 12C(α,γ) reaction is often regarded as the "holy grail"of nuclear astrophysics, because it enters as a crucial parameter for so many stellar processes. The ANCs of the near α-threshold states were used to calculate astrophysical S-factors and corresponding reaction rates. Clustering Phenomena in the a = 10 T = 1 Isobaric Multiplet. Kuchera, Anthony N., Rogachev, Grigory, Tabor, Samuel, Aldrovandi, Ettore, Prosper, Harrison, Volya, Alexander, Department of Physics, Florida State University Clustering of α particles plays an important role in light atomic nuclei. For example, multicenter structures built on the well-known low-lying states of 8Be can be formed. The addition of nucleons to the system may result in covalent-like bonding between the two α-cores. These structures have been called ''nuclear molecules" because of their analog to atomic molecules. Investigation of these exotic nuclear structures is the main subject of this experimental work. Much of the experimental and... Show moreClustering of α particles plays an important role in light atomic nuclei. For example, multicenter structures built on the well-known low-lying states of 8Be can be formed. The addition of nucleons to the system may result in covalent-like bonding between the two α-cores. These structures have been called ''nuclear molecules" because of their analog to atomic molecules. Investigation of these exotic nuclear structures is the main subject of this experimental work. Much of the experimental and theoretical work for molecular-like states has been done within the Be isotopes, however, despite of significant effort, our knowledge and understanding of molecular-like structures is still deficient. This is due to limited experimental information on the states of interest. The main goal of this work is to provide this information for the unbound T=1 states in A=10 systems and look for signatures of the exotic α:2N:α configurations. The T=1 states in 10B between Ex = 8.7- 12.1 MeV were studied using the 1H(9Be,α)6Li(T=1, 0+, 3.56 MeV) reaction. An R-matrix analysis was used to extract parameters for the five resonances observed. The widths of the known 2+ resonance at 8.9 MeV have been measured and support the theoretical predictions that it is a highly clustered state and can be identified as a member of the α-np-α rotational band. The 4+ member was not observed in this reaction channel. In a second experiment, 6He+4He elastic scattering was used to probe resonances in 10Be in search of α-2n-α structures. Using the active target detector system, ANASEN, the excitation function was measured from Ex = 9.6 - 15.4 MeV. This was the first experiment in which the new active target detector, ANASEN, was used in filled (active target) mode. The excitation function shows a strong resonance at 10.2 MeV which was identified as 4+ and assigned to the extremely stretched α:2n:α configuration. A broad structure centered at 13.5 MeV was also observed and it may possibly be the 6+ member of this rotational band. Cold Nuclear Matter Effects on J/ψ → e+e̅ and ψ́ → e+e̅ Production in d + Au Collisions at 200 GeV. McGlinchey, D. (Darren), Frawley, Anthony, Eugenio, Paul, Humayun, Munir, Capstick, Simon, Adams, Todd, Department of Physics, Florida State University Mesons composed of heavy quark-antiquark pairs, known as quarkonia, provide the only direct probe of the screening length in the deconfined state of quarks and gluons, known as the quark gluon plasma (QGP), which is believed to be produced in high energy heavy ion collisions. However, the observation of suppression of quarkonia production in heavy ion collisions at high energies is complicated by the modification of quarkonia production in normal nuclear matter. Measuring the modification of... Show moreMesons composed of heavy quark-antiquark pairs, known as quarkonia, provide the only direct probe of the screening length in the deconfined state of quarks and gluons, known as the quark gluon plasma (QGP), which is believed to be produced in high energy heavy ion collisions. However, the observation of suppression of quarkonia production in heavy ion collisions at high energies is complicated by the modification of quarkonia production in normal nuclear matter. Measuring the modification of quarkonia production due to the effects of normal nuclear matter, often termed cold nuclear matter (CNM) effects, provide a critical baseline for understanding the properties of the QGP. Measurements of CNM effects on quarkonia production are also interesting in their own right, and can be measured independently in proton-nucleus (p+A) collisions. The modification of quarkonia production in p+A collisions provides insight into quarkonia production mechanisms unavailable through the study of proton-proton collisions alone. The study of quarkonia production in p+A collisions over a wide range of kinematic variables can also provide constraints on the modification of parton distribution functions in nuclei. In order to quantify the CNM effects present at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC), the PHENIX experiment has recorded data on d+Au collisions at \sqsn=200 GeV. The analysis of J/psi→e+e-and psi'→e+e-production from that data set is presented here. Both J/psi and psi' production are found to be suppressed in d+Au relative to p+p collisions, with the suppression increasing for collisions with small impact parameters. The psi' production is found to be much more suppressed than J/psi production, a result which is unexpected based on measurements at lower collision energy and present theoretical pictures. A parametrization of the J/psi modification measured by PHENIX in terms of two CNM effects is also presented. One is the nuclear breakup of the forming quarkonium state through collisions with nucleons during the d+Au collision. The other is the modification of the gluon distribution in the Au nucleus. It is found that the two effects can be separated due to the very different impact parameter dependencies. A strongly non-linear geometric dependence on the modification of the gluon distribution function is observed, with the modification found to be concentrated near the center of the Au nucleus. This parametrization is also used to estimate the modification of J/psi production in Au+Au collisions due to CNM effects. This modification is compared to PHENIX measurements of J/psi production in Au+Au collisions. Suppression of J/psi production in Au+Au collisions beyond CNM effects is observed. This excess suppression is interpreted as suppression of J/psi production due to the formation of a QGP. Comparing the Poisson-Boltzmann Equation to Alternative Electrostatic Theories and Improving Stochastic Techniques for Implicit Solvent Models. Harris, Robert C., Fenley, Marcia O., Blaber, Michael, Berg, Bernd A., Van Winkle, David, Dobrosavljevic, Vladimir, Department of Physics, Florida State University The Poisson-Boltzmann equation, PBE, the linearized PBE, LPBE, and generalized Born, GB, model are implicit solvent methods that accelerate biophysical calculations by eliminating the need to integrate across the solvent's degrees of freedom. This thesis compares the predictions of the Poisson-Boltzmann equation, PBE, to those of another electrostatic theory, the counterion condensation theory, CCT. It demonstrates that the CCT's predictions of the salt dependence of the electrostatic binding... Show moreThe Poisson-Boltzmann equation, PBE, the linearized PBE, LPBE, and generalized Born, GB, model are implicit solvent methods that accelerate biophysical calculations by eliminating the need to integrate across the solvent's degrees of freedom. This thesis compares the predictions of the Poisson-Boltzmann equation, PBE, to those of another electrostatic theory, the counterion condensation theory, CCT. It demonstrates that the CCT's predictions of the salt dependence of the electrostatic binding free energy agree with those of the PBE, but its predictions of the electrostatic binding free energy itself do not. This observation is explained by deriving a simple analytical expression for the salt dependence of the electrostatic binding free energy from the GB model. This expression indicates that essentially any electrostatic theory with the same long-distance predictions will predict the same salt dependence, it explains the observed correlations between this salt dependence and various empirical quantities, and it provides a rapid method for predicting its change upon mutation of the charged residues of the binding partners. Implicit solvent models do include several approximations whose validity should be evaluated to determine the reliability of their estimates of experimental quantities. In this thesis the effect of finite ion sizes upon PBE solutions is examined with the size-modified PBE, SMPBE. These findings show that the SMPBE predicts different dependences of electrostatic energies upon ion size than the PBE, but whether these changes lead to different predictions for observable quantities is not clear. Additionally, the ion-exclusion layer does not match the dependences on ion size given by the SMPBE, and combined with the superior physical basis of the SMPBE, the use of the ion-exclusion layer is called into question. Additionally, this thesis improves stochastic solvers of the LPBE and presents a new stochastic solver of the GB model. By optimizing the bias-generating parameters in a walk-on-spheres, WOS, LPBE solver, dividing the variance evenly across the atoms of the molecule, and using an approximate nearest-neighbor solver, WOS solvers can solve the LPBE in times comparable to deterministic solvers. The stochastic GB solver has the advantage over traditional analytical solvers of the GB in that analytical solutions to the GB model must approximate a set of parameters called the Born radii, and the error due to this approximation cannot usually be evaluated. The stochastic solver, on the other hand quantifies this error and converges to the exact GB model with additional computation time. This behavior allows the validity of the Born approximation itself to be evaluated, and the results presented here indicate that the GB model gives different estimates of the electrostatic binding free energy than the LPBE. More research will be required to refine the GB approximation to better compute the electrostatic binding free energy, and that the radii in the stochastic method are arbitrarily precise indicates that the stochastic solver will be useful in this endeavor. Computational and Analytical Studies of Magnetization Switching in Iron Nanopillars. Thompson, Sam Hill, Rikvold, Per Arne, Ye, Ming, Brown, Gregory, Van Moln´ar, Stephan, Berg, Bernd, Department of Physics, Florida State University In this dissertation we study the behavior of several computational models of a magnetic nanopillar. We first compare the effect that coarse-graining the computational lattice has on the magnetization switching for three degrees of discretization. Bimodal switching-time distributions are found for all three models, however the underlying mechanism is different for each one. In the lowest-resolution, single-spin model, a bimodal distribution is the result of spin precession which sometimes... Show moreIn this dissertation we study the behavior of several computational models of a magnetic nanopillar. We first compare the effect that coarse-graining the computational lattice has on the magnetization switching for three degrees of discretization. Bimodal switching-time distributions are found for all three models, however the underlying mechanism is different for each one. In the lowest-resolution, single-spin model, a bimodal distribution is the result of spin precession which sometimes crosses the threshold defining a switching event early or in the next precession period, depending on thermal fluctuations. For the medium-resolution, stack-of-spins model, the presence of either one or two propagating domain walls during the switching event determines the total switching time, leading to the observed bimodal distribution. The most realistic model, which employs a high-resolution computational lattice, permits multiple switching paths, some of which are characterized by their visitation to a metastable free-energy well and consequently longer lifetimes. It is also notable that the medium-resolution model exhibits reentrant behavior for reversal fields that are applied close to the easy axis. The highest-resolution model is studied in detail, due to its complexity, which precludes a simple description of the mechanism resulting in bimodal switching-time behavior. Phase-space portraits of components of the total energy indicate that the metastable free-energy basin is circumvented for short-lived trials. Sufficient statistics are gathered to allow Markov matrices describing the average behavior of each mode to be investigated. Eigenvectors of these matrices provide estimates of the probability distribution of the largest transient for each mode in the energy space, while the projective dynamics technique identifies the location of the free-energy saddle point. The hypothesis that the visitation of the metastable well underlies the bimodal behavior is further reinforced by comparing the long-lived trials to simulations that are constrained to start in the metastable state. Finally, exploratory results for thermally-assisted magnetization reversal of the highest-resolution model are provided to test the assumption that it is only necessary to increase the temperature at the endcaps of the pillar, since this the site of nucleation. By introducing additional thermal energy to the pillar, the coercive field might be lowered, relaxing the required field of the write head of a hard disk drive. We find that varying the maximum temperature of a narrow pulse, centered at the top of the pillar, results in a very modest change in the coercivity when the maximum temperature is kept close to, or below, the Curie temperature. This effect is largely limited by the added heat diffusing quickly to the constant-temperature substrate. Switching fields were significantly reduced for pulse widths that were large enough to elevate the temperature of the entire pillar. However, using such large pulses stretch the approximations of the model. Another approach is attempted, tuning the parameter that controls energy exchange between the temperature bath and the spins. This also results in only a minimal reduction of the coercive field. Some suggestions are given for future computational studies of thermally-assisted magnetization reversal. Computational Studies of Equilibrium and Non-Equilibrium Phase Diagrams and Critical Properties of Two Physical and Chemical Model Systems with Both Short-Range and Long-Range Interactions or Reactivities. Chan, Chor-Hoi, Rikvold, Per Arne, Shanbhag, Sachin, Brown, Gregory, Capstick, Simon, Xiong, Peng, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Physics In this dissertation, we introduce long-range interactions into one equilibrium model (Ising model) and one non-equilibrium system (Ziff-Gulari-Barshad model), and study their phase diagrams and critical properties. A new approach to do Wang-Landau simulation: macroscopically constrained Wang-Landau, is proposed in connection with the former system. Our macroscopically constrained Wang-Landau method breaks a multidimensional random walk process in phase space into many separate, one... Show moreIn this dissertation, we introduce long-range interactions into one equilibrium model (Ising model) and one non-equilibrium system (Ziff-Gulari-Barshad model), and study their phase diagrams and critical properties. A new approach to do Wang-Landau simulation: macroscopically constrained Wang-Landau, is proposed in connection with the former system. Our macroscopically constrained Wang-Landau method breaks a multidimensional random walk process in phase space into many separate, one-dimensional random walk processes in the energy space. Each of these random walks is constrained to a different value of the macroscopic order parameters. By knowing the distribution of these constrained variables, we can deduce the multi-variable density of states. When the multi-variable density of states for one set of external parameters is obtained, the density of states at any point in the phase diagram can be obtained by simple transformations. After that, all thermodynamic quantities can be obtained. We apply this method to an antiferromagnetic Ising model with a ferromagnetic long-range interaction. The addition of the long-range interaction induces metastable regions in the phase diagram, and a mean-field class critical point emerges for sufficiently strong long-range interaction. We demonstrate how to use the multi-variable density of states obtained to sketch out the complicated phase diagrams for different values of the long-range interaction. We also give free-energy plots, and plots of the distributions of the order parameters of the system for different special points in these phase diagrams. The Ziff-Gulari-Barshad (ZGB) model, a simplified description of the oxidation of carbon monoxide (CO) on a catalyst surface, is widely used to study properties of nonequilibrium phase transitions. Instead of restricting the CO and atomic oxygen (O) to react to form carbon dioxide (CO₂) only when they are adsorbed in close proximity, we consider a modified model that includes an adjustable probability for adsorbed CO and O atoms located far apart on the lattice to react. We employ large-scale Monte Carlo simulations to study the critical properties of this system. We find that the nonequilibrium critical point changes from the two-dimensional Ising universality class to the mean-field universality class upon introducing even a weak long-range reactivity mechanism. FSU_FA2016_Chan_fsu_0071E_13552 Computational Studies of Lattice Gas Models. Juwono, Tjipto, Rikvold, Per Arne, Steinbock, Oliver, Capstick, Simon, Van Winkle, David, Brown, Gregory, Department of Physics, Florida State University We have studied the effect of diffusion on the dynamics of desorption on a lattice-gas model The chemical potential during the adsorption phase was varied in order to vary the initial size distribution for the desorption phase. The effect of diffusion on the size distribution dynamics during the desorption process was observed by turning the diffusion on and off while keeping the chemical potential during desorption constant. We study the effect of diffusion on correlation length during the... Show moreWe have studied the effect of diffusion on the dynamics of desorption on a lattice-gas model The chemical potential during the adsorption phase was varied in order to vary the initial size distribution for the desorption phase. The effect of diffusion on the size distribution dynamics during the desorption process was observed by turning the diffusion on and off while keeping the chemical potential during desorption constant. We study the effect of diffusion on correlation length during the desorption process. We also compare size distribution dynamics without and with the application of diffusion and study the effect of diffusion on the size distributions at given coverages. During the desorption process, the correlation length increased up to a maximum and then decreased. We found that diffusion tends to increase correlation length at any given coverage. However diffusion increase correlation length by very small percentage in the regime where correlation length is decreasing, and increase it more significantly when the correlation length is increasing. When the correlation length of the initial configuration is large, the correlation length during the desorption only increase slightly at initial coverages and decrease for the most part. As a result, diffusion only increase correlation length insignificantly during the whole process. When the correlation length of the initial configuration is small, the correlation length increase during a significant part of the process. As a result, diffusion increase correlation length significantly during the process. By studying the size distributions at some coverages during the process -before and after diffusion- we found that diffusion tends to shrink large clusters and grow or create small clusters. When the clusters growth or creating of new clusters by diffusion is small, the increase of correlation length by diffusion is small and large otherwise. We also study Bromine and Chlorine chemisorption on a Ag(100) surface, using a lattice-gas model and the quantum-mechanical Density Functional Theory (DFT) method. In this model the Br and Cl ions adsorb at the fourfold hollow sites of the Ag(100) surface, which can be represented by a square lattice of adsorption sites. Five different coverages were used for each kind of adsorbate. For each adsorbate and coverage, we obtained the minimum-energy configuration, its energy, and its charge distribution. From these data we calculated dipole moments, lateral interaction energies, and binding energies. Our results show that for Br the lateral interactions obtained by fitting to the adsorption energies obtained from the DFT calculation are consistent with long-range dipole-dipole lateral interactions obtained using the dipole moments calculated from the DFT charge distribution. For Cl we found that, while the long-range dipole-dipole lateral interactions are important, short-range attractive interactions are also present. Our results are overall consistent with parameter estimates previously obtained by fitting room-temperature Monte Carlo simulations to electrochemical adsorption isotherms [I. Abou Hamad et al., J. Electroanal. Chem. 554 (2003), 211; Electrochim. Acta 50 (2005), 5518]. Computational Studies of Magnetically Doped Semiconductor Nanoclusters. Gutsev, Lavrenty Gennady, Dalal, Naresh S., Chiorescu, Irinel, Strouse, Geoffrey F., Yang, Wei, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Chemistry &... Show moreGutsev, Lavrenty Gennady, Dalal, Naresh S., Chiorescu, Irinel, Strouse, Geoffrey F., Yang, Wei, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry Spin-polarized unrestricted density functional theory is used to calculate the molecular properties of magnetic semiconductor quantum dots doped with 3d-metal atoms. We calculate total energies of the low spin antiferromagnetically coupled states using a spin-flipping algorithm leading to the broken-symmetry states. Given the novel nature of the materials studied, we simulate experimental observables such as hyperfine couplings, ionization/ energies, electron affinities, first and second... Show moreSpin-polarized unrestricted density functional theory is used to calculate the molecular properties of magnetic semiconductor quantum dots doped with 3d-metal atoms. We calculate total energies of the low spin antiferromagnetically coupled states using a spin-flipping algorithm leading to the broken-symmetry states. Given the novel nature of the materials studied, we simulate experimental observables such as hyperfine couplings, ionization/ energies, electron affinities, first and second order polarizabilities, band gaps and exchange coupling constants. Specifically, we begin our investigation with pure clusters of (CdSe)_16 and demonstrate the dependence of molecular observables on geometrical structures. We also show that the many isomers of this cluster are energetically quite closely spaced, and thus it would be necessary to employ a battery of tests to experimentally distinguish them. Next, we discuss Mn-doping into the cage (CdSe)_9 cluster as well as the zinc-blende stacking type cluster (CdSe)_36. We show that the local exchange coupling mechanism is ligand-mediated superexchange and simulate the isotropic hyperfine constants. Finally, we discuss a novel study where (CdSe)_9 is doped with Mn or Fe up to a full replacement of all the Cd's and discuss the transition points for the magnetic behavior and specifically the greatly differing band-gap shifts. We also outline an unexpected pattern in the polarizability of the material as metals are added and compare our results with the results from theoretical studies of the bulk material. FSU_2017SP_Gutsev_fsu_0071E_13781 A Configuration Space Monte Carlo Algorithm for Solving the Nuclear Pairing Problem. Lingle, Mark, Volya, Alexander, Kopriva, David A., Capstick, Simon, Wiedenhöver, Ingo, Manousakis, Efstratios, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department... Show moreLingle, Mark, Volya, Alexander, Kopriva, David A., Capstick, Simon, Wiedenhöver, Ingo, Manousakis, Efstratios, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Physics Nuclear pairing correlations using Quantum Monte Carlo are studied in this dissertation. We start by defining the nuclear pairing problem and discussing several historical methods developed to solve this problem, paying special attention to the applicability of such methods. A numerical example discussing pairing correlations in several calcium isotopes using the BCS and Exact Pairing solutions are presented. The ground state energies, correlation energies, and occupation numbers are compared... Show moreNuclear pairing correlations using Quantum Monte Carlo are studied in this dissertation. We start by defining the nuclear pairing problem and discussing several historical methods developed to solve this problem, paying special attention to the applicability of such methods. A numerical example discussing pairing correlations in several calcium isotopes using the BCS and Exact Pairing solutions are presented. The ground state energies, correlation energies, and occupation numbers are compared to determine the applicability of each approach to realistic cases. Next we discuss some generalities related to the theory of Markov Chains and Quantum Monte Carlo in regards to nuclear structure. Finally we present our configuration space Monte Carlo algorithm starting from a discussion of a path integral approach by the authors [2, 3]. Some general features of the Pairing Hamiltonian that boost the effectiveness of a configuration space Monte Carlo approach are mentioned. The full details of our method are presented and special attention is paid to convergence and error control. We present a series of examples illustrating the effectiveness of our approach. These include situations with non-constant pairing strengths, limits when pairing correlations are weak, the computation of excited states, and problems when the relevant configuration space is large. We conclude with a chapter examining some of the effects of continuum states in 24O. Constraining Type Ia Supernovae Progenitor Parameters via Light Curves. Sadler, Benjamin, H¨oﬂich, Peter, Chicken, Eric, Gerardy, Chris, Piekarewicz, Jorge, Prosper, Harrison, Department of Physics, Florida State University I study thermonuclear explosions of White Dwarf (WD) stars, or so-called Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia). A WD is the final stage of stellar evolution of a star with an initial mass of less than 8 Solar masses, and the thermonuclear explosion occurs either when the WD is in a close binary system where mass overflows from a companion star in a red-giant or asymptotic-branch giant phase, or when two WDs merge. SNe Ia are as bright as their entire host galaxy, which allows their use as long-range... Show moreI study thermonuclear explosions of White Dwarf (WD) stars, or so-called Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia). A WD is the final stage of stellar evolution of a star with an initial mass of less than 8 Solar masses, and the thermonuclear explosion occurs either when the WD is in a close binary system where mass overflows from a companion star in a red-giant or asymptotic-branch giant phase, or when two WDs merge. SNe Ia are as bright as their entire host galaxy, which allows their use as long-range cosmic beacons. Although their maximum brightness may vary by a factor of 20, an empirical correlation between their primary parameters of light curve (LC) shape and their intrinsic brightness allows us to account for the majority of this dispersion, with a residual uncertainty of roughly 20%. This calibration has led to their use as standardizable candles, which led to the discovery of the dark energy. Higher precision is needed to determine the nature of the dark energy, however, and to accomplish this we turn to secondary parameters of LC variation. I have devised a general scheme and developed a code to analyze large sets of LC data for these secondary parameter variations which is based on a combination of theoretical model template fitting and Principal Component Analysis. Novel methods for finding statistical trends in sparsely-sampled and non-coincidental light curve data are explored and utilized. In practice, data sets for different supernovae are inhomogeneous in time, time coverage and accuracy, but I have developed a method to remap these inhomogeneous data sets of large numbers of individual objects to a homogeneous data set centered in time and magnitude space from which we can obtain the external, primary, and secondary LC parameters of individual objects. The set of external parameters of a given SN include the time of its maximum light in various bands, its distance modulus, the extinction along the light path, and redshift corrections (K-corrections) due to cosmic expansion. I investigate the intrinsic primary parameter variation of SNe Ia via template fitting, and then probe the secondary LC variations using monochromatic differential analysis in the (UBV) bands. We use photometry from 25 SNe Ia which were recently and precisely observed by the Carnegie Supernova Project to analyze the presence of theoretical model-based differential LC signatures of Main-Sequence mass variation of the progenitor stars when they formed, central density variation of the WD at the time of the explosion, and metallicity Z variation the in the progenitors. The light curves in the V band are found to provide the highest accuracy in determining the distance modulus, K-corrections, extinction, main-sequence mass and central density of the WD progenitor, and also the V-band LCs are insensitive to metallicity. Moreover, the V-band appears to be the band which is most stable for differential creation due to the stability of the differentials with respect to uncertainties in the SNe pairs' primary parameters. The B-band's larger K-correction uncertainties and dependence on progenitor metallicity and primary parameter uncertainties discourages its use in secondary parameter differential analysis. As with B, the U-band also suffers large uncertainties in extinction and K-corrections, but this band is a good indicator of metallicity, because the effects of metallicity variation on differential LCs are larger by an order of magnitude than the Main-Sequence mass and central density effects combined. Our sample includes three SN1991T-like objects, but we find no evidence of secondary parameter variation among them, and conclude that this class of object may be identified by its primary LC parameter as well as its lack of secondary parameter features. Accounting for these secondary parameters reduces the residuals in the fiducial LC fits from 0.2 magnitude to approximately 0.02 magnitude, a requirement for high-precision cosmology based on SNe Ia. I also reconstruct the distributions of Main-Sequence mass, central density, and metallicity for the progenitors of the 25 SNe in our sample. I find that most SNe in our sample originate from stars close to the upper limit of the range of possible Main-Sequence masses, indicating that most SNe Ia explode relatively soon after the progenitor star's formation. However, the reconstructed progenitor mass distribution displays a long tail down to lower-mass objects of about 1.5 Solar masses. The central density secondary parameter distribution is much flatter, and shows SNe originate from WD progenitors of a wide range of central densities, from as low as 1.5E9 grams per cubic centimeter, and up to the limit of accretion-induced collapse, suggesting that some potential SNe Ia progenitors become neutron stars instead. Although our sample size is small, all SN1991bg-like objects in it come from progenitors with low reconstructed central density and metallicity secondary parameters. Because SN1991bg-like objects are only found in local samples and not in high-redshift searches, our findings suggest that these progenitor systems are formed at high redshifts but exhibit long delay times before the explosion. Controlled Growth of Ultrathin Molecular Films of the P-Phenylene Oligomers on Alkali Halide Substrates. Kintzel, Edward J., Safron, Sanford A., Van Winkle, David H., Bonesteel, Nicholas E., Lind, David M., Department of Physics, Florida State University Controlled growth of the aromatic p-phenylene oligomer molecules of p-4P, p-5P, and p-6P adsorbed onto individual KBr(001), KCl(001), NaCl(001), and NaF(001) substrates, has been investigated primarily by x-ray diffraction (XRD) and to a lesser degree by atomic force microscopy (AFM). XRD analysis provides evidence that the temperature of the alkali halide substrate during deposition, substrate lattice constant, and molecular length affects the molecular orientations within these adsorbed... Show moreControlled growth of the aromatic p-phenylene oligomer molecules of p-4P, p-5P, and p-6P adsorbed onto individual KBr(001), KCl(001), NaCl(001), and NaF(001) substrates, has been investigated primarily by x-ray diffraction (XRD) and to a lesser degree by atomic force microscopy (AFM). XRD analysis provides evidence that the temperature of the alkali halide substrate during deposition, substrate lattice constant, and molecular length affects the molecular orientations within these adsorbed ultrathin films. AFM images contribute independent evidence for a surface microstructure evolution that is consistent with the XRD results. An initial in-plane x-ray study suggests a possible explanation for the preferential orientation of p-6P crystallites, as observed in AFM images. This alignment is approximately along the [110] direction of the KCl(001) substrate. From this work, oriented films of the above mentioned p-phenylene oligomer molecules can therefore be grown with desired molecular orientations by careful selection of an appropriate combination of the above deposition parameters. Coulomb Liquids: from Electron to Biology Systems. Pramudya, Yohanes H. R., Dobrosavljevic, Vladimir, Dalal, Naresh, Manousakis, Efstratios, Berg, Bernd A., Engel, Lloyd, Department of Physics, Florida State University We study the unusual transport behavior driven mostly by the correlations between the charge carriers in lattice and continuum systems. The strongly correlated systems are studied in the classical limit where the Coulomb interaction dominates the systems and brings the systems into the nearly frozen state that we call Coulomb Liquids. Theoretical description of the materials with the strongly interacting electron systems in the lattice or solid state physics and ions in biological systems or... Show moreWe study the unusual transport behavior driven mostly by the correlations between the charge carriers in lattice and continuum systems. The strongly correlated systems are studied in the classical limit where the Coulomb interaction dominates the systems and brings the systems into the nearly frozen state that we call Coulomb Liquids. Theoretical description of the materials with the strongly interacting electron systems in the lattice or solid state physics and ions in biological systems or solutions are constantly challenging problems in condensed matter physics and biophysics. First we investigate the non-activated behavior of transport that observed near Wigner crystallization in two dimensions electron gas (2DEG) that is observed experimentally. The effect of Coulomb interaction in the system is studied with Monte Carlo (MC) simulation and extended dynamical mean field theory (EDMFT) in hypercubic lattice and pseudogap phase is found as a robust feature driven by long-range interaction. In the second part of the thesis we study the effect of geometrical frustration in pyrochlore lattice which competes with the interaction-driven frustration. The MC and EDMFT methods give pseudo-gap phase as found in cubic lattice that has no geometrical frustration and agree with the unusual transport property of ancient magnet/magnetite above the Verwey transition. The third part discusses the effect of strongly-correlated liquid (SCL) model by Shklovskii and the mean-field approach of Poisson-Boltzmann equation (PBE) describing the screening of macro-ions in solution or biological system. We compare those approximations with MC simulation and explain which approximation is good at different limit of temperature or ion density. And the last part describes the visualization for different type of interactions and the effect of filling, disordered, etc. from the study of Coulomb liquids. Coulomb Pseudogaps and Their Role at Metal-Insulator Transitions. Mahmoudian, Samiyeh, Dobrosavljević, Vladimir, Dalal, Naresh S., Balicas, Luis, Manousakis, Efstratios, Capstick, Simon, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences,... Show moreMahmoudian, Samiyeh, Dobrosavljević, Vladimir, Dalal, Naresh S., Balicas, Luis, Manousakis, Efstratios, Capstick, Simon, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Physics We investigate various fundamental aspects of the metal insulator transition (MIT) by employing several theoretical approaches. Describing the novel features of interacting electronic systems remains one of the principle challenges to theoretical condensed matter physics. Therefore, any effort to provide a deep insight into understanding the nature of MITs opens a new avenue for development of modern technology. First, we present a complete analytical and numerical solution of the Typical... Show moreWe investigate various fundamental aspects of the metal insulator transition (MIT) by employing several theoretical approaches. Describing the novel features of interacting electronic systems remains one of the principle challenges to theoretical condensed matter physics. Therefore, any effort to provide a deep insight into understanding the nature of MITs opens a new avenue for development of modern technology. First, we present a complete analytical and numerical solution of the Typical Medium Theory (TMT) for the metal-insulator transition. In this theory, we self-consistently calculate the typical amplitude of the electron wave-functions, representing the conceptually simplest order-parameter for the Anderson transition. We classify all possible universality classes for the critical behavior, that can be found within such a mean-field approach. This provides insights into how interaction-induced renormalizations of the disorder potential may produce qualitative modifications of critical behavior. We also formulate a simple description of the leading critical behavior of varies quantities, and then obtain an effective Landau theory for Anderson localization. We also develop an efficient numerical algorithm, "Cluster Typical Medium Theory" (CTMT) to capture both non-local effects and localization in disordered electronic systems. Our formalism utilizes the momentum-resolved typical density of states to characterize the localization transition. We apply this approach to the Anderson model of localization in one and two-dimensions. In one dimension, we find that the critical disorder strength scales inversely with the linear cluster size with a power-law, W[subscript c] ∼ (1/L[subscript c])[superscript 1/v]; whereas in two dimensions, the critical disorder strength decreases logarithmically with the linear cluster size. Our results are in agreement with the one-parameter scaling theory. Furthermore, we show how spatial correlations can also be captured analytically within such a self-consistent theory, by utilizing the standard Landau method of allowing for (slow) spatial fluctuations of the order parameter, and performing an appropriate gradient expansion. Our theoretical results provide insight into recent STM experiments, which were used to visualize the spatially fluctuating electronic wave functions near the metal insulator transition in Ga[subscript 1-x]Mn[subscript x]As.$ We show that, within our theory, all features of the experiment can be accounted for by considering a model of disorder renormalized by long-range Coulomb interactions. This includes the pseudogap formation, the C(R) ∼ 1/R form of the LDOS autocorrelations function, and the ζ ∼ 1/E energy dependence of the correlation length at criticality. In the second part of my Thesis, we show that introducing long-range Coulomb interactions immediately lifts the massive ground state degeneracy induced by geometric frustration for electrons on quarter-filled triangular lattices in the classical limit. Important consequences include the stabilization of a stripe-ordered crystalline (global) ground state, but also the emergence of very many low-lying metastable states with amorphous "stripe-glass" spatial structures. Melting of the stripe order thus leads to a frustrated Coulomb liquid at intermediate temperatures, showing remarkably slow (viscous) dynamics, with very long relaxation times growing in Arrhenius fashion upon cooling, as typical of strong glass formers. On shorter time scales, the system falls out of equilibrium and displays the aging phenomena characteristic of supercooled liquids above the glass transition. Our results show remarkable similarity with the recent observations of charge-glass behavior in ultra-clean triangular organic materials of the θ-(BEDT-TTF)₂ family. FSU_2015fall_Mahmoudian_fsu_0071E_12817 A Dalitz Plot Analysis and Extraction of Spin Density Matrix Elements for the Ω → 3Π Decay. Zeoli, Christopher Paul, Crede, Volker, Sura, Philip, Eugenio, Paul Michael, Roberts, Winston, Adams, Todd, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of... Show moreZeoli, Christopher Paul, Crede, Volker, Sura, Philip, Eugenio, Paul Michael, Roberts, Winston, Adams, Todd, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Physics At the Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility (CEBAF) at Jefferson National Laboratory (JLab), $\omega$ vector-mesons were photo-produced off a fixed, liquid-hydrogen target during the 2009 run-period via the reaction $\gamma p \rightarrow p \omega$. The charged final-state particles from the $\omega$~resonance decays were detected by the CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer (CLAS). With a combination of measurements which involved the use of time and energy-deposit counters as well as... Show moreAt the Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility (CEBAF) at Jefferson National Laboratory (JLab), $\omega$ vector-mesons were photo-produced off a fixed, liquid-hydrogen target during the 2009 run-period via the reaction $\gamma p \rightarrow p \omega$. The charged final-state particles from the $\omega$~resonance decays were detected by the CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer (CLAS). With a combination of measurements which involved the use of time and energy-deposit counters as well as reconstructed drift chamber (DC) tracks, the 4-momenta and vertices of the initial- and charged final-state particles were determined. Subsequent to reconstruction, event selection, kinematic fitting, signal and background separation, and detector efficiency simulation of the data for the three-pion final-state, i.e. $\omega \rightarrow \pi^+~\pi^-~(\pi^0)$, the Florida State University (FSU) Experimental Hadronic Nuclear Group has extracted the differential production cross section.\\ \indent With such data and the measured differential cross section in hand, I have conducted a Dalitz plot analysis of the $\omega \rightarrow 3\pi$ decay in close cooperation with the Joint Physics Analysis Center (JPAC) at JLab. The decay probability density separates into angle-dependent and -independent factors: the Spin Density Distribution (SDD) which is proportional to the differential cross section, and the reduced decay distribution (RDD) which is proportional to the decay width, respectively. The Spin Density Matrix Elements (SDMEs) for an unpolarized beam were obtained from fitting the SDD. In addition, fits for two different RDDs, i.e. a Dalitz plot distribution and a JPAC distribution, have been underway. The former is a truncated polynomial expansion of Lorentz Invariant Dalitz plot variables. The latter was based on the isobar model of the $\omega$ decay. Having made use of sub-energy unitarity, this model accounts for both elastic and inelastic 3-body re-scattering effects. Plus, fitting this model to measured data is a first. A comparison through fit parameters of each reduced distribution is intended. Lastly, my results and as well as a discussion of future extensions to this study and the prospects for similar light-meson-decay analyses are concluded at the end of this thesis.\\ FSU_FA2016_Zeoli_fsu_0071E_13456 Dark Matter Detection in Supersymmetric Models with Non-Universal Gaugino Masses. Park, Eun-Kyung, Baer, Howard, Aldrovandi, Ettore, Reina, Laura, Prosper, Harrison, Volya, Alexander, Department of Physics, Florida State University SUSY is one of the most promising new physics ideas, and will soon be tested at high energy accelerators like the CERN LHC. Moreover SUSY provides a good candidate for cold dark matter (CDM). In this dissertation, we investigated phenomenology of SUSY models with non-universal gaugino masses (NUGM) at colliding experiments using event generators such as ISAJET and examined direct and indirect detection rates of relic neutralino CDM in the universe. The motivation of these models is that in... Show moreSUSY is one of the most promising new physics ideas, and will soon be tested at high energy accelerators like the CERN LHC. Moreover SUSY provides a good candidate for cold dark matter (CDM). In this dissertation, we investigated phenomenology of SUSY models with non-universal gaugino masses (NUGM) at colliding experiments using event generators such as ISAJET and examined direct and indirect detection rates of relic neutralino CDM in the universe. The motivation of these models is that in most of mSUGRA parameter space, the relic density $Omega_{ z_1}h^2$ is considerably larger than the WMAP measurement, and it is well known that if non-universal gaugino masses are allowed, then qualitatively new possibilities arise that are not realized in the mSUGRA model. Our first NUGM attempt is to allow a mixed wino-bino lightest SUSY particle (LSP) by lowering $SU(2)$ gaugino mass $M_2$ at the weak scale from its mSUGRA value while keeping the hypercharge gaugino mass $M_1$ fixed ({it Mixed Wino Dark Matter}). In this model, wino-like $ ilde{Z_1}$ with sufficiently low $M_2$ compared to $M_1$ enhances $ ilde{Z_1} ilde{Z_1} ightarrow W_{1}^{+} W_{1}^{-}$ annihilations to reach the WMAP measured relic density. The second attempt is study on the NUGM model with different signs of $M_1$ and $M_2$ ({it Bino-Wino Co-Annihilation Scenario}). In this case, there is little mixing, so that $ ilde{Z_1}$ remains nearly a pure bino or a pure wino. By increasing $M_1 simeq M_2$, enhanced bino-wino co-annihilation can achieve the relic neutralino abundance. The final attempt of NUGM models is lowering the $SU(3)$ gaugino mass to diminish the effect of the large top quark Yukawa coupling in the running of the higgs mass, so that the value of superpotential $mu$ parameter gets efficiently low to give rise to mixed higgsino dark matter ({it Mixed Higgsino Dark Matter}). Consequences of these NUGM model studies show us that relaxing universality of gaugino masses in SUSY models leads to enhanced direct and indirect dark matter detection rates and reduced $m_{ ilde{Z_2}}-m_{ ilde{Z_1}}$ mass gap so that the LHC and ILC can distinguish each NUGM model from others. Finally, we found that models with well-tempered neutralinos, where the composition of the neutralino is adjusted to give observed relic density, yield target cross sections which are detectable at proposed experiments. Deconfinement Transition in Equilibrium Lattice Gauge Theory with Realistic Boundary Conditions. Wu, Hao, Berg, Bernd A., Brüschweiler, Rafael, Adams, Todd, Piekarewicz, Jorge, Reina, Laura, Department of Physics, Florida State University Heavy-ion collision experiments carried out at the Brookhaven National Laboratory, or BNL, and at the European Organization for Nuclear Research, or CERN, provide evidence that matter can be driven from a confined, low-temperature phase into a deconfined high temperature phase of liberated quarks and gluons. Understanding of the deconfinement transition can bring our knowledge of strongly-interacting matter to a deeper level. Ab initio equilibrium studies of the thermodynamic equation of... Show moreHeavy-ion collision experiments carried out at the Brookhaven National Laboratory, or BNL, and at the European Organization for Nuclear Research, or CERN, provide evidence that matter can be driven from a confined, low-temperature phase into a deconfined high temperature phase of liberated quarks and gluons. Understanding of the deconfinement transition can bring our knowledge of strongly-interacting matter to a deeper level. Ab initio equilibrium studies of the thermodynamic equation of state in the deconfined phase are possible in the framework of lattice gauge theory. It is often desired in such studies to approach the infinite volume thermodynamic limit. To accomplish it quickly, most studies have implemented lattices with periodic boundary conditions. However, the physical volumes created at the Brookhaven National Laboratory are small and exploratory work for pure SU(3) lattice gauge theory suggests that boundary effects cannot be neglected. In this work we study the SU(3) deconfined equilibrium phase in small volumes with inside and outside temperatures in the SU(3) scaling region, using a lattice geometry of the double-layered torus. Our results show substantial finite size effects on the deconfining transition temperature under realistic boundary conditions. The Deconfining Phase Transition in and out of Equilibrium. Bazavov, Oleksiy, Berg, Bernd A., Mascagni, Michael, Capstick, Simon, Frawley, Anthony, Reina, Laura, Department of Physics, Florida State University Recent experiments carried out at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider at the Brookhaven National Laboratory provide strong evidence that a matter can be driven from a confined, low-temperature phase, observed in our every day world into a deconfined high-temperature phase of liberated quarks and gluons. The equilibrium and dynamical properties of the deconfining phase transition are thus of great theoretical interest, since they also provide an information about the first femtoseconds of the... Show moreRecent experiments carried out at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider at the Brookhaven National Laboratory provide strong evidence that a matter can be driven from a confined, low-temperature phase, observed in our every day world into a deconfined high-temperature phase of liberated quarks and gluons. The equilibrium and dynamical properties of the deconfining phase transition are thus of great theoretical interest, since they also provide an information about the first femtoseconds of the evolution of our Universe, when the hot primordial soup while cooling has undergone a chain of phase transitions. The aspects of the deconfining phase transition studied in this work include: the dynamics of the SU(3) gauge theory after the heating quench (which models rapid heating in the heavy-ion collisions), equilibrium properties of the phase transition in the SU(3) gauge theory with boundaries at low temperature (small volumes at RHIC suggest that boundary effects cannot be neglected and periodic boundary conditions normally used in lattice simulations do not correspond to the experimental situation), and a study of the order of the transition in U(1) gauge theory. Determining Spin Polarization of Ferromagnets Using Superconducting Spectroscopy. Braden, Jazcek Guy, Xiong, Peng, Chase, P. Byrant, Van Molnar, Stephan, Schlottmann, Pedro, Wiedenhover, Ingo, Department of Physics, Florida State University The tremendous interest in using the spin degree of freedom in electronic devices has led to an extensive endeavor to investigate the intrinsic spin polarization of various magnetic materials. The work done here expands upon existing methods to develop a more general technique of precise electrical determination of spin polarization using superconducting spectroscopy with or without the presence of a magnetic field. As part of this effort, the use of Andreev reflection in planar junction... Show moreThe tremendous interest in using the spin degree of freedom in electronic devices has led to an extensive endeavor to investigate the intrinsic spin polarization of various magnetic materials. The work done here expands upon existing methods to develop a more general technique of precise electrical determination of spin polarization using superconducting spectroscopy with or without the presence of a magnetic field. As part of this effort, the use of Andreev reflection in planar junction configuration was explored on several ferromagnetic materials including the dilute magnetic semiconductor (DMS) Ga1−xMnxAs and the concentrated magnetic semiconductor EuS. This work also led to the exploration of the effects of barrier strength on the measured spin polarization. Traditionally, using superconducting spectroscopy to measure spin polarization (P) was limited to the case of a tunnel junction in a magnetic field or Andreev reflection measurements in point contact structures in zero-field. This project aimed to develop a method that bridged these two regimes to allow for determination of spin polarization in more practical device structures, such as planar junctions, with arbitrary barrier strength. This work led to the first direct electrical determination of P on the representative DMS Ga1−xMnxAs by measuring GaMnAs/Ga structures using Andreev reflection in planar configuration. The analysis of the conductance spectra on highly transparent junctions consistently yielded P values of at least 85%. These experiments also revealed an extreme sensitivity of P to the interfacial properties. Another major part of this work was the measurement of the P of doped EuS using zerofield and Zeeman-split Andreev reflection spectroscopy (ARS) on EuS/Al planar junctions are reported. The zero-field ARS spectra can be fit straightforwardly to a spin-polarized BTK model, which consistently yield P on the order of 80% regardless of the barrier strength. Moreover, we performed ARS in the presence of a Zeeman-splitting of the quasiparticle density of states in Al. The Zeeman-split ARS spectra are well described theoretically by combining the solution to the Maki-Fulde equations with the spin-polarized BTK analysis. The results have provided an independent verification of the validity of the zero-field ARS, and helped demonstrate the utility of field-split superconducting spectroscopy on Andreev junctions of arbitrary barrier strengths. Additionally the effect of barrier thickness on the measured spin polarization was explored in Al/Al2O3/Ni79Fe21 tunnel junctions. Planar tunnel junction structures were formed by natural oxidation of Al; by varying the oxidation time the barrier thickness could be controlled. The measured spin polarization increased with increasing barrier thickness which is attributed to the interplay of both the sp and d electronic states of the NiFe. Development and Characterization of a Novel Continuously Flowing Liquid Film Plasma Reactor for Chemical Synthesis. Wandell, Robert J. (Robert Jay), Locke, Bruce R., Alabugin, Igor V., Chella, Ravindran, Hallinan, Daniel T., Florida State University, College of Engineering, Department of... Show moreWandell, Robert J. (Robert Jay), Locke, Bruce R., Alabugin, Igor V., Chella, Ravindran, Hallinan, Daniel T., Florida State University, College of Engineering, Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering The aim of this work is to develop a deeper understanding of the nuances involved in designing and optimizing the performance of gas/liquid plasma reactors for chemical synthesis. The design of such reactors requires integrating knowledge from a number of scientific disciplines including mechanical engineering (reactor construction), electrical engineering (power network design and electrical diagnostics), physics (plasma formation and diagnostics), chemical engineering, (reactor design,... Show moreThe aim of this work is to develop a deeper understanding of the nuances involved in designing and optimizing the performance of gas/liquid plasma reactors for chemical synthesis. The design of such reactors requires integrating knowledge from a number of scientific disciplines including mechanical engineering (reactor construction), electrical engineering (power network design and electrical diagnostics), physics (plasma formation and diagnostics), chemical engineering, (reactor design, transport phenomena / modeling), and chemistry (chemical analysis). Due to the complicated nature of such a multidisciplinary study, complete analysis of a single reactor system is difficult and rarely performed with accuracy, especially for a variety of operating conditions. In this work, a novel continuously flowing liquid film plasma reactor was developed and fully characterized under the above criteria for a range of operating conditions in order to better understand which variables most significantly impact the generation of hydrogen peroxide from pure water and argon gas. This work shows that increases in the energy yield for hydrogen peroxide with pulsed plasma discharge is possible by variation of the plasma properties to reduce the amount of "wasted" energy which does not contribute to desired chemical reactions. In addition, increases in the production rate of hydrogen peroxide without a loss in energy yield is shown to be possible by increasing the pulse frequency while simultaneously decreasing the gas phase residence time. The high concentration of hydroxyl radicals produced by this system was also used to partially oxidize simple organic compounds into higher value products. FSU_FA2016_Wandell_fsu_0071E_13556 The Development of Femtosecond Electron Diffraction for Direct Measurements of Ultrafast Atomic Motions. Park, Hyuk, Cao, Jianming, Safron, Sanford A., Bonesteel, Nicholas, Piekarewicz, Jorge, Xiong, Peng, Department of Physics, Florida State University The evolution of material structures is governed by the making and breaking of chemical bonds and the rearrangement of atoms, which occurs on the time scale of an atomic vibrational period, hundreds of femtoseconds. Atomic motion on this time scale ultimately determines the course of phase transitions in solids, the kinetic pathways of chemical reactions, and even the function of biological processes. Direct observation and understanding these ultrafast structural dynamics at the time and... Show moreThe evolution of material structures is governed by the making and breaking of chemical bonds and the rearrangement of atoms, which occurs on the time scale of an atomic vibrational period, hundreds of femtoseconds. Atomic motion on this time scale ultimately determines the course of phase transitions in solids, the kinetic pathways of chemical reactions, and even the function of biological processes. Direct observation and understanding these ultrafast structural dynamics at the time and length scales of atomic motions represent an important frontier in scientific research and applications. We have developed a femtosecond electron diffraction system (FED) capable of directly measuring the atomic motions in sub-picosecond temporal resolution and sub-milli-angstrom spatial resolution. In the path of the development of FED various technical challenges have been overcome and an unprecedented capability has been achieved. These advancements allow us to study a range of ultrafast structural dynamics directly on the fundamental level of atomic motions for the first time. With FED we measured laser-induced ultrafast structural dynamics in a 20-nm Al film by taking real-time snapshots of transmission electron patterns. The damped single-mode breathing motion of the Al film along the surface normal was recorded as coherent and in-phase oscillations of all the Bragg peak positions. The concurrent lattice heating was measured by tracking the associated Bragg peak intensity attenuation. This acoustic phonon can be well fitted with a classical harmonic oscillator model using a driving force which includes both electronic and lattice contribution. The pressure of the free electrons contributes significantly in driving the coherent acoustic phonons under nonequilibrium conditions when electrons and phonons are not thermalized. In addition, by using a pair of optical excitation pulses and varying their time delay and relative pulse intensities, we demonstrated successful control of coherent lattice motions. Dielectric and Conducting Properties of the Spinel Structures FeV₂O₂, MnV₂O₂ and CoV₂O₂ in High Magnetic Field and under Very High Pressure. Kismarahardja, Ade Wijaya, Brooks, James S., Zhang, Mei, Dobrosavljevic, Vladimir, Xiong, Peng, Credé, Volker, Department of Physics, Florida State University It is always very nice when a new discovery found in an old material. The spinel vanadate has become one of the hot topics in the condensed matter physics both experimentally and theoretically. It shows many interesting behaviors due to the interaction among spin, orbital and lattice degrees of freedom. The AV2O4 structure with A is a transition metal ion (Fe2+, Mn2+ and Co2+) exhibits several structural transitions and a magnetic ordering from paramagnetic to ferrimagnetic. Some theoretical... Show moreIt is always very nice when a new discovery found in an old material. The spinel vanadate has become one of the hot topics in the condensed matter physics both experimentally and theoretically. It shows many interesting behaviors due to the interaction among spin, orbital and lattice degrees of freedom. The AV2O4 structure with A is a transition metal ion (Fe2+, Mn2+ and Co2+) exhibits several structural transitions and a magnetic ordering from paramagnetic to ferrimagnetic. Some theoretical approaches have been made in order to explain the physics of spinels. There are four main factors that contribute to the complexity of spinel system, e.g, spin, orbital, crystal structure and charge. Kugel and Khomskii first proposed a physical model combining spin and orbit degrees of freedom followed by Tsunetsugu and Motome who combined the super exchange and Jahn-Teller effect[2,3]. On the other hand, Tchernyshyov proposed a physical model based on the interplay of spin, orbital and Jahn-Teller effect[4]. Many discoveries from the experiments were also found in this type of material; memory effect in the polycrystal FeV2O4[5], the magnetic switching of the crystal structure in MnV2O4[7] and the magnetic structure of MnV2O4 using neutron study[7]. The modern techniques of x-ray and neutron scattering have brought important knowledge of the crystal and its magnetic structure. However, these techniques require a very good apparatus and a very high accuracy. I used much simpler technique to examine the physical properties of single crystals FeV2O4, MnV2O4 and CoV2O4. Firstly, I did the capacitance and dissipation measurements in high magnetic field on single crystals FeV2O4, MnV2O4 and CoV2O4 in our laboratory (NHMFL) at Tallahassee, Florida and secondly, I did the electrical transport measurements under very high pressure on single crystals FeV2O4 and CoV2O4 in Institute for Solid State Physics (ISSP), the University of Tokyo, Japan. Single crystals MnV2O4 and FeV2O4 are insulators and their resistivity can be higher than 200 Ω cm at room temperature but single crystal CoV2O4 is a semiconductor with the resistivity is around 60 x 10-3 Ω cm at room temperature. However, these single crystals become more insulating at low temperatures so the capacitance measurement is a good tool to investigate their electrical properties. It turned out that the capacitance and dissipation measurements in high magnetic field were very interesting measurements in order to study the interaction between the spin, orbital and lattice in these spinels. The capacitance of a material is related to the dielectric constant and also the geometrical factors of the material, i.e, the distance between the electrodes and the area of the electrodes. In addition, the magnetic field creates magnetostriction effect that changes the dimension of crystal. This situation can be very interesting in order to investigate dielectric properties of these compounds in high magnetic field. FeV2O4, MnV2O4 and CoV2O4 have a magnetic ordering from paramagnetic to ferrimagnetic at 110 K, 56 K and 152 K respectively. Furthermore, the interaction between the tetrahedral site and the octahedral site in the spinel structure also creates structural distortions. I observed the changes of the crystal structure in single crystal FeV2O4 by measuring the capacitance and dissipation under high magnetic field. I discovered that there was a significant amount of heat released at low temperature as the magnetic moment changes its orientation. This effect was observed from a sharp peak in the temperature, the capacitance and the dissipation versus magnetic field data at the field where the magnetic moment changes its orientation. This was not observed in the previous measurements on polycrystal FeV2O4 done by Takei, et al.[5] and in the field dependence of capacitance of the other spinels, MnV2O4 and CoV2O4. Moreover, from the magnetization and capacitance measurements on single crystal FeV2O4, a small plateau at low temperature was observed in the vicinity of 0 Tesla. This is the evidence that there are two magnetic moments exist in single crystal FeV2O4. In single crystal MnV2O4, I also observed the changes of the crystal structure and the magnetic ordering. I applied the magnetic field at different temperatures and measured the capacitance and dissipation of single crystal MnV2O4. From the field dependence of the capacitance and dissipation of single crystal MnV2O4, I confirmed that there is a structural transition at 52 K and a magnetic ordering at 56 K. However, at low temperature, the field dependence of the capacitance of single crystal MnV2O4 behaves differently compared to FeV2O4. This is most likely due to the ratio between lattice constant c in tetragonal phase and lattice constant a in cubic phase, ct/ac . For single crystal FeV2O4 ct/ac, > 1, but ct/ac < 1 for single crystal MnV2O4. The third one, single crystal CoV2O4, is the most conducting among three spinels and I could not measure the capacitance from room temperature down to 30 K. However, below 30 K this crystal becomes more insulating and I could measure its capacitance. As I swept the field below 10 K, the field dependence of the dielectric constant showed a time dependent behavior. Moreover, I observed a dipole like behavior in single crystal CoV2O4 although it was not very pronounced. Another good tool to probe the electrical properties of spinels is the resistivity measurement under very high pressure. I did resistivity measurements on single crystals CoV2O4 and FeV2O4 under very high pressure up to 8 GPa using cubic anvil system in ISSP. In general, the resistivity of these compounds decreased with increasing pressure. I could not observe the magnetic ordering of FeV2O4 under ambient pressure because it was very insulating. The magnetic ordering could be observed above 2 GPa and the magnetic ordering temperature increased linearly with increasing pressure. The effect was similar with CoV2O4. More interestingly, CoV2O4 showed a metallic behavior and a metal to insulator transition under high pressure. This is a new observation in this type of material. The interesting aspect of spinel vanadate is that the system approaches the itinerant electron limit with decreasing distance between vanadium ions. J.B Goodenough predicted a critical distance between vanadium ions in the spinel vanadate system, 2.94 Å. If the distance between vanadium ions (V-V distance) is smaller than this critical distance, the system becomes metallic. The V-V distance of single crystal CoV2O4 is close to this critical value. The resistivity data of single crystal CoV2O4 under very high pressure confirmed that CoV2O4 is sitting at the boundary between the insulator and the metal regime. Finally, Variable Range Hopping (VRH) model and Arrhenius model were used to fit the resistivity data of single crystals FeV2O4 and CoV2O4. I found that the energy barrier parameter T0 and the activation energy Ea decreased with increasing pressure. Digitally Controlled Four Harmonic Buncher for FSU LINAC. Moerland, Daniel, Physics Florida State University's John D. Fox Superconducting Accelerator Laboratory is operating a Tandem-LINAC system for heavy ion beams at energies of 5-10 MeV/u. Recently, the accelerator has been used as the driver for the radioactive beam facility RESOLUT, which poses new demands on its high-intensity performance and time-resolution. These demands motivated us to optimize the RF bunching system and to switch the bunch frequency from 48.5 to 12.125MHz. We installed a four-harmonic resonant... Show moreFlorida State University's John D. Fox Superconducting Accelerator Laboratory is operating a Tandem-LINAC system for heavy ion beams at energies of 5-10 MeV/u. Recently, the accelerator has been used as the driver for the radioactive beam facility RESOLUT, which poses new demands on its high-intensity performance and time-resolution. These demands motivated us to optimize the RF bunching system and to switch the bunch frequency from 48.5 to 12.125MHz. We installed a four-harmonic resonant transformer to create 3-4 kV potential oscillations across a pair of wire-mesh grids. This setup is modulating the energy of the beam injected into the tandem accelerator, with the aim to create short bunches of beam particles. A sawtooth-like wave-form is created using the Fourier series method, by combining the basis sinusoidal wave of 12.125MHz and its 3 higher order harmonics, in a manner similar to the systems used at ATLAS [1] and other RF-accelerators. A new aspect of our setup is the use of a digital 1GHz function generator, which allows us to optimize and stabilize the synthesized waveform. The control system was realized using Labview [2] and integrated into the recently updated controls of the accelerator. We characterize the bunching quality achieved and discuss the optimization of the bunching wave-form. The bunching system has been successfully used in a number of LINAC-experiments performed during 2011 and 2012. Direct and Indirect Detection of Neutralino Dark Matter. O’Farrill, Jorge A., Baer, Howard, Aldrovandi, Ettore, Prosper, Harrison, Hagopian, Vasken, Kemper, Kirby, Department of Physics, Florida State University This dissertation examines the observability of neutralino dark matter in the context of supersymmetric models constrained constrained by the recent WMAP data on the relic density of cold dark matter. The neutralino-nucleon scattering cross-section is calculated and used to derive the rate of interaction for neutralinos scattering from nuclei as well as different modes of indirect detection. Indirect detection of neutralinos is made possible through the annihilation of neutralino pairs into... Show moreThis dissertation examines the observability of neutralino dark matter in the context of supersymmetric models constrained constrained by the recent WMAP data on the relic density of cold dark matter. The neutralino-nucleon scattering cross-section is calculated and used to derive the rate of interaction for neutralinos scattering from nuclei as well as different modes of indirect detection. Indirect detection of neutralinos is made possible through the annihilation of neutralino pairs into Standard Model (SM) particles. Four different avenues of indirect detection will be covered, including: neutralino annihilation to positrons in the galactic halo, antiprotons from neutralino annihilation in the halo, gamma rays from neutralino annihilation near the core of the galaxy and neutrinos from neutralino annihilation in the core of the sun and the earth. The reaches of various proposed collider experiments will also be calculated. There are many viable supersymmetric models and this dissertation will cover only a few. Most of the rates will be calculated for the mSUGRA model. Results for direct detection will also be given for Yukawa unified SO(10) models with non-universal scalar masses, and 5-dimensional gauge mediated SUSY GUTS. Results for indirect detection will be given for mSUGRA as well as mSUGRA with non-universal gaugino masses. These results will be compared to the sensitivities of ongoing as well as proposed dark matter experiments. Given the precision of the WMAP data, it will be shown that nearly all of the mSUGRA parameter space satisfying the WMAP constraints can be covered by a combination of direct, indirect and collider searches for neutralinos. Direct Observation of Structural Defects in Pyrochlore Yb₂Ti₂O₇ by Atomic Resolution Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy. Shafieizadeh, Zahra, Xin, Yan, Chiorescu, Irinel, Andrei, Petru, Reina, Laura, Van Winkle, David H., Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Physics In transition metal oxides, such as A2B2O7, the B-site cations typically govern many of the fundamentally and technologically interesting properties. The cubic pyrochlore oxides, A2B2O7, have attracted much attention over the past 20 years. However, even after years of theoretical and experimental study of pyrochlore compounds many fundamental questions still remain about the nature of the magnetic ground states in this series. In the pyrochlore structure, both the rare earth and the... Show moreIn transition metal oxides, such as A2B2O7, the B-site cations typically govern many of the fundamentally and technologically interesting properties. The cubic pyrochlore oxides, A2B2O7, have attracted much attention over the past 20 years. However, even after years of theoretical and experimental study of pyrochlore compounds many fundamental questions still remain about the nature of the magnetic ground states in this series. In the pyrochlore structure, both the rare earth and the transition metal sublattices have a topology consisting of corner-sharing tetrahedra and are, thus, geometrically frustrated. Yb2Ti2O7 is part of a series of compounds called the rare-earth titanates. It’s been noticed that its magnetic ground states are sample dependent and shows broad specific heat peak in colored single crystals. It could have long-range ordered collinear ferromagnetic state, or non-collinear ferromagnetic fluctuations, or short ranged fluctuations. Atomic resolution high-angle-annular-dark-field STEM (HAADF-STEM) imaging is a powerful tool to observe and obtain information on defect structures. The primary aim of this thesis is, therefore, to study defects in Yb2Ti2O7 samples by quantitative scanning transmission electron microscopy at atomic resolution. We study three types of samples, polycrystalline sample and yellowish single crystal grown by conventional floating zone (FZ) method and high quality colorless single crystal grown by the traveling solvent floating zone (TSFZ) technique. We compared the atomic structure of them using STEM and found different types of defects: Yb atoms “stuffing” into Ti sites, extended defects such as anti-phase boundaries (APB) and dissociated superdislocations and grain boundary defects were discovered for the first time and found to be prevalent in the yellowish single crystal grown by FZ, contrary to the few found in high quality colorless transparent single crystals or stoichiometric white polycrystalline samples. These results are discussed along with the results from simulation. Also, EELS results showed that the Ti valence was not decreased in defected areas and its value is 4+. These results explain the varied magnetic properties and broad specific heat peak of yellowish Yb2Ti2O7 single crystals grown by conventional FZ method and provide new insights into understanding the roles of defects on physical properties of the geometrically frustrated pyrochlore compounds. 2018_Su_Shafieizadeh_fsu_0071E_14721 Direct Photon Production in Association with a Heavy Quark. Stavreva, Tzvetalina P., Owens, Joseph F., Dewar, William, Reina, Laura, Wahl, Horst, Fenley, Marcia, Department of Physics, Florida State University In this Thesis we present the Next-To-Leading-Order calculation, O(ααs2), of the inclusive cross section for a photon and a heavy quark (charm or bottom), p bar p / pp γ + Q +X, (Q=c,b) at hadron colliders. We include fragmentation effects through the Next-To-Leading-Order. This calculation is performed with the use of a phase space slicing technique so that the effects of experimental cuts can be easily included. We study in detail the characteristics of this process at both the Tevatron and... Show moreIn this Thesis we present the Next-To-Leading-Order calculation, O(ααs2), of the inclusive cross section for a photon and a heavy quark (charm or bottom), p bar p / pp γ + Q +X, (Q=c,b) at hadron colliders. We include fragmentation effects through the Next-To-Leading-Order. This calculation is performed with the use of a phase space slicing technique so that the effects of experimental cuts can be easily included. We study in detail the characteristics of this process at both the Tevatron and the LHC. Results for the ratios of the charm and bottom cross sections are presented and the systematics of the various subprocesses are compared and contrasted. The theory predictions are compared to experimental measurements from the DO collaboration at Fermilab. A brief overview of the LO massive calculation is also presented, and compared to the NLO massless case. We predict that the investigation of this process and our results will be relevant in the study of heavy quark PDFs at the LHC. Direct Reactions with Exotic Beams and Polarized Lithium Beams. Roeder, Brian T., Kemper, Kirby, Keel, Brooks, Wiedenhoever, Ingo, Piekarewicz, Jorge, Myers, Edmund, Department of Physics, Florida State University In the first two chapters of this dissertation, the total cross sections for 38 different reaction products produced in the interaction of 48Ca, 40S and 42S beams at energies around 100 MeV/nucleon with a liquid deuterium target are reported. The cross sections for the 48Ca+d products are compared to those with 48Ca incident on the commonly used fragmentation targets 9Be and 181Ta, and also to global calculations for fragmentation reaction cross sections based on the EPAX parameterization... Show moreIn the first two chapters of this dissertation, the total cross sections for 38 different reaction products produced in the interaction of 48Ca, 40S and 42S beams at energies around 100 MeV/nucleon with a liquid deuterium target are reported. The cross sections for the 48Ca+d products are compared to those with 48Ca incident on the commonly used fragmentation targets 9Be and 181Ta, and also to global calculations for fragmentation reaction cross sections based on the EPAX parameterization performed with the program LISE. The sizes of the measured reaction cross sections for the deuterium target were comparable to the cross sections measured on the heavier targets indicating that both nucleon addition and removal from a deuterium target can be carried out for comparative "stripping" and "pickup" reaction studies. It was also found that the charge exchange cross sections were large enough so that it should be possible to obtain nuclear structure information from these reactions. Calculations using the Johnson-Soper adiabatic model and Eikonal nucleon knockout theory were performed to study the reaction mechanisms for the "stripping" and "pickup" reactions studied in the experiment. It was found that the magnitude of the cross sections for both the single nucleon "stripping" and single nucleon "pickup" reactions were consistent with the assumption that they proceeded as direct, single step reactions. In the third chapter of this dissertation, the recent upgrade to the Florida State University Optically Pumped Polarized Lithium Ion Source (OPPLIS) is summarized. A new laser system was installed, and the laser optics were modified to increase the laser power available for optically pumping the lithium atomic beam from about 40 mW to nearly 200 mW. This improvement, along with proper alignment of the laser beam divergence to the atomic beam divergence, increased the vector polarization t10 of the beam on-target from about 40% to about 60%. Disordered Strongly Correlated Electronic Systems. Javan Mard, Hossein, Dobrosavljević, Vladimir, Salters, Vincent J. M., Von Molnar, S. (Stephan), Yang, Kun, Piekarewicz, Jorge, Florida State University, College of Arts and... Show moreJavan Mard, Hossein, Dobrosavljević, Vladimir, Salters, Vincent J. M., Von Molnar, S. (Stephan), Yang, Kun, Piekarewicz, Jorge, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Physics Disorder can have a vast variety of consequences for the physics of phase transitions. Some transitions remain unchanged in the presence of disorder while others are completely destroyed. In this dissertation we study the effects of quenched disorder on electronic systmens at zero temperature. First, we perform variational studies of the interaction-localization problem to describe the interaction-induced renormalizations of the effective (screened) random potential seen by quasiparticles.... Show moreDisorder can have a vast variety of consequences for the physics of phase transitions. Some transitions remain unchanged in the presence of disorder while others are completely destroyed. In this dissertation we study the effects of quenched disorder on electronic systmens at zero temperature. First, we perform variational studies of the interaction-localization problem to describe the interaction-induced renormalizations of the effective (screened) random potential seen by quasiparticles. Here we present results of careful finite-size scaling studies for the conductance of disordered Hubbard chains at half-filling and zero temperature. While our results indicate that quasiparticle wave functions remain exponentially localized even in the presence of moderate to strong repulsive interactions, we show that interactions produce a strong decrease of the characteristic conductance scale g signaling the crossover to strong localization. This effect, which cannot be captured by a simple renormalization of the disorder strength, instead reflects a peculiar non-Gaussian form of the spatial correlations of the screened disordered potential, a hitherto neglected mechanism to dramatically reduce the impact of Anderson localization (interference) effects. Second, we formulate a strong-disorder renormalization-group (SDRG) approach to study the beta function of the tight-binding model in one dimension with both diagonal and off-diagonal disorder for states at the band center. We show that the SDRG method, when used to compute transport properties, yields exact results since it is identical to the transfer matrix method. The beta function is shown to be universal when only off-diagonal disorder is present even though single-parameter scaling is known to be violated. A different single-parameter scaling theory is formulated for this particular (particle-hole symmetric) case. Upon breaking particle-hole symmetry (by adding diagonal disorder), the beta function is shown to crossover from the universal behavior of the particle-hole symmetric case to the conventional nonuniversal one in agreement with the two-parameter scaling theory. We finally draw an analogy with the random transverse-field Ising chain in the paramagnetic phase. The particle-hole symmetric case corresponds to the critical point of the quantum Ising model, while the generic case corresponds to the Griffiths paramagnetic phase. Finally, we implement an efficient strong-disorder renormalization-group (SDRG) procedure to study disordered tight-binding models in any dimension and on the Erdos- Renyi random graphs, which represent an appropriate infinite dimensional limit. Our SDRG algorithm is based on a judicious elimination of most (irrelevant) new bonds generated under RG. It yields excellent agreement with exact numerical results for universal properties at the critical point without significant increase of computer time, and confirm that, for Anderson localization, the upper critical dimension duc = infinite. We find excellent convergence of the relevant 1/d expansion down to d = 2, in contrast to the conventional 2 + ε expansion, which has little to say about what happens in any d [greater than] 3. We show that the mysterious mirror symmetry of the conductance scaling function is a genuine strong-coupling effect, as speculated in early work. This opens an efficient avenue to explore the critical properties of Anderson transition in the strong-coupling limit in high dimensions. FSU_2015fall_JavanMard_fsu_0071E_12907 DNA Electrophoresis in Agarose Gels: A New Mobility vs. DNA Length Dependence. Beheshti, Afshin, Van Winkle, David H., Rill, Randolph L., Cao, Jianming, Bonesteel, Nicholas E., Riley, Mark A., Department of Physics, Florida State University Separations were performed on double stranded DNA (dsDNA) using electrophoresis. Electrophoresis is the steady transport of particles under the influence of an external electric field. Double stranded DNA fragments ranging in length from 200 base pairs (bp) to 194,000 bp (0.34 nm = 1 bp) were electrophoresed at agarose gel concentrations T = 0:4%¡1:5%. The electric field was varied from 0.62 V/cm to 6.21 V/cm. A wide range of electric fields and gel concentrations were used to study the... Show moreSeparations were performed on double stranded DNA (dsDNA) using electrophoresis. Electrophoresis is the steady transport of particles under the influence of an external electric field. Double stranded DNA fragments ranging in length from 200 base pairs (bp) to 194,000 bp (0.34 nm = 1 bp) were electrophoresed at agarose gel concentrations T = 0:4%¡1:5%. The electric field was varied from 0.62 V/cm to 6.21 V/cm. A wide range of electric fields and gel concentrations were used to study the usefulness of a new interpolation equation, 1¹(L) =1¹L¡(1¹L¡1¹s)e¡L=°, where ¹L, ¹s, and ° are independent free fitting parameters. The long length mobility limit is interpreted as ¹L, the short length mobility limit is ¹s, and ° is the crossover between the long length limit and the short length limit. This exponential relation fit very well (Â2 ¸ 0:999) when there are two smooth transitions observed in the "reptation plots" (plotting 3¹L=¹± vs. L) (J. Rousseau, G. Drouin, and G. W. Slater, Phys Rev Lett. 1997, 79, 1945-1948). Fits deviate from the data when three different slopes were observed in the reptation plots. Reptation plots were used to determine a phase diagram for dsDNA migration regimes. The phase diagrams define different regions where mechanisms for molecular transport affect the migration of dsDNA in agarose gels during electrophoresis. The parameters from the equation have also been interpreted to provide a physical description of the structure of the agarose gel by calculating the pore sizes. The relations between the values for the pore sizes and the phase diagrams are interpreted to better understand the migration of the DNA through agarose gels. Domain Coarsening in the Hyperbolic Plane. Raffield, Jesse, Department of Physics Since the simplest case was solved exactly by Onsager in 1944, the two-dimensional Ising model has become one of the most studied models in statistical physics. Despite its simplicity, it has found applications in research ranging from condensed matter physics to biology. Our research focused on an interesting variant of this model that lives within an area of negative Gaussian curvature instead of traditional Euclidean space. Specifically, a series of Monte-Carlo simulations were conducted... Show moreSince the simplest case was solved exactly by Onsager in 1944, the two-dimensional Ising model has become one of the most studied models in statistical physics. Despite its simplicity, it has found applications in research ranging from condensed matter physics to biology. Our research focused on an interesting variant of this model that lives within an area of negative Gaussian curvature instead of traditional Euclidean space. Specifically, a series of Monte-Carlo simulations were conducted to analyze how domains within the model coarsen as a function of time. In the Euclidean model, the feature size goes as t1/3<\sup>, which is close to our results on two of the Euclidean lattices, but for our model on a hyperbolic lattice the characteristic growth exponent was found to be much lower, approximately 0.13. Doping Effects on the Kondo Lattice Materials: FeSi, CeCoin5, and YbInCu4. Yeo, Sunmog, Fisk, Zachary, Dalal, Naresh, Molnar, Stephan von, Bonesteel, Nicholas, Piekarewicz, Jorge, Department of Physics, Florida State University Three doping studies on Kondo lattices are investigated in this thesis: FeSi1-xGex, Ce1-xLaxCoIn5, and Yb1-xYxInCu4. For FeSi1-xGex, we constructed the phase diagram through the analysis of magnetic, thermal and transport measurements on single crystals. The phase diagram shows a first-order transition from a Kondo insulator (exponentially activated properties) to a ferromagnetic metal at a critical concentration, xc ~ 0:25. The field dependence of the magnetization (M(H)) shows that the... Show moreThree doping studies on Kondo lattices are investigated in this thesis: FeSi1-xGex, Ce1-xLaxCoIn5, and Yb1-xYxInCu4. For FeSi1-xGex, we constructed the phase diagram through the analysis of magnetic, thermal and transport measurements on single crystals. The phase diagram shows a first-order transition from a Kondo insulator (exponentially activated properties) to a ferromagnetic metal at a critical concentration, xc ~ 0:25. The field dependence of the magnetization (M(H)) shows that the saturation moment of x = 0:27 is 10 times larger than that of x = 0:24. The spin gap of x = 0:24, 167K, is quite close to the transition temperature of x = 0:27, 150K, indicating that the characteristic energies of the two competing phases, i.e. the Curie temperature and the spin gap of the Kondo insulator, are essentially equal at the critical concentration. For x c, spin gap, transport gap and resistivity minimum systematically decrease with increasing x. Saturation moments and specific heat coefficients are almost zero for x c. The temperature dependence of magnetic susceptibility (X(T)) for x = 0:2 shows a broad maximum around 200K, indicating that the broad maximum temperature decreases with x for x c. The variable range hopping analysis suggests the existence of the localized state for this region. For x > x xc, the data break into two distinct regimes: xc» 0:5 and » 0:5 · 1. For xc 0:5, X(T) does not displays a sharp transition at Tc and M(H) increases with increasing fields. The temperature dependence of the resistivity (ρ(T)) shows metallic behavior. However, it does not have any kink at Tc. In contrast, for ~ 0:5 · 1, X(T) displays a sharp transition at Tc and M(H) saturates at H ~ 0:3T. ρ (T) has a kink at Tc. Based on the Kondo insulator picture, we can explain the specific heat coefficient y evolution with x. The transition from a Kondo insulator to a ferromagnetic metal can be explained as the consequence of the changes in hybridization between Fe 3d electrons and Si/Ge p conduction electrons in conjunction with disorder on the Si/Ge ligand site. For Ce1-xLaxCoIn5, we studied antiferromagnetic intersite correlations for the Kondo lattice by comparison with data on the single Kondo impurity. All the magnetic susceptibility per mole Ce for H \|\| ab plane and H \|\| c axis collapse onto one curve above 100K in Ce1-xLaxCoIn5, indicating the same high T Kondo temperature (~ 35K) for all concentrations. Further, the magnetic part of the resistivity shows the same -logT dependence above 50K for all concentrations, again indicating that the high T Kondo temperature is essentially independent of Ce concentration. The magnetic part of the heat capacity for Ce1-xLaxCoIn5 alloys has a peak around 70K, suggesting the same crystalline field splittings occurs the alloy series Ce1-xLaxCoIn5. Based on these experimental findings, the scaling laws for the susceptibility and the heat capacity reveal that the screening of the magnetic moments in this Kondo lattice involves antiferromagnetic intersite correlations and this intersite correlation has a larger energy scale compared to the Kondo impurity case. In addition, a Fermi liquid ground state appears in the La rich region while the specific heat and inelastic part of ρm show non-Fermi liquid behavior for Ce rich region. For Yb1-xYxInCu4, measurements using cantilever torque magnetometry discover the new phase above Hv for x = 0 and x = 0:1. With proper scaling of the critical fields and temperatures, data for all alloys collapse onto the same curve, representing a common phase above Hv. The magneto-resistance does not change at the new phase boundary. Due to the crystalline electric field, there is anisotropy of the valence transition in applied magnetic field in different directions. For x = 0:2, the specific heat and the resistance indicate the appearance of a spin glass state below 4K for H > 5T. Since Ytterbium occupies the corners of a tetrahedron in the F43m structure, the spin glass state is not unexpected. Dynamical Studies of Antiferromagnetic Exchange Interactions in Low Dimensional Quantum Spin Systems. De Lia, Anthony F., Dagotto, Elbio, Heil, Wolfgang, Moreo, Adriana, Piekarewicz, Jorge, Riley, Mark, Department of Physics, Florida State University Various forms of antiferromagnetic exchange interaction among quantized spins in one-dimensional and quasi-one-dimensional lattices are examined. Primary results are reported in two real compounds, the sodium vanadate NaV2O5 and the copper germanate CuGeO3, and in a class of compounds of real materials modeled as dimerized antiferromagnetically coupled spin-1/2 chains susceptible to spin-1 impurity doping and that include such examples as the strontium cuprate Sr14Cu24O41 and vanadium... Show moreVarious forms of antiferromagnetic exchange interaction among quantized spins in one-dimensional and quasi-one-dimensional lattices are examined. Primary results are reported in two real compounds, the sodium vanadate NaV2O5 and the copper germanate CuGeO3, and in a class of compounds of real materials modeled as dimerized antiferromagnetically coupled spin-1/2 chains susceptible to spin-1 impurity doping and that include such examples as the strontium cuprate Sr14Cu24O41 and vanadium pyrophosphate (VO)2P2O7. Sodium vanadate, NaV2O5, a quarter-filled two-leg ladder compound that was originally thought to be composed of magnetic legs and nonmagnetic legs was subsequently shown to be a charge ordered system below room temperature. Initial models of the material as isolated antiferromagnetically coupled spin-1/2 chains can be mapped to the subsequently resolved magnetic system of the charge ordered state with the spins on molecular orbitals of V-O-V rungs antiferromagentically coupled between neighboring rungs either on the same ladder or on neighboring ladders. Comparing the model's dynamic structure factor to inelastic neutron scattering data could distinguish between the proposed spin coupling schemes and consequently reveal the details of the interaction between the lattice and the "zig-zag" charge density as well as the magnetic stabilization of the low temperature phase. Copper germanate, the first and only known inorganic spin-Peierls compound, exhibits a strong temperature dependent exchange coupling pattern among the spin-1/2 Cu2+ chains. Above the spin-Peierls transition temperature an unmodulated antiferromagnetic nearest neighbor exchange interaction J1 competes with an antiferromagnetic next nearest neighbor interaction J2. The next nearest neighbor exchange represents an effective coupling equivalent to the net effect of all longer range exchange interactions. This frustration to the nearest neighbor spin exchange produces a distinctive magnetic susceptibility χ (T) much different from the Bonner-Fisher susceptibility of the spin-1/2 Heisenberg chain with nearest neighbor antiferromagnetic exchange only. The ratio of the second to first nearest neighbor couplings α = J2/J1 ≈ 0.36 is sufficient to open a spontaneous gap in the spin-wave excitation spectrum at low temperatures. Below TSP = 14K, the dynamical structure factor is used to fit the dimerization δ and the exchange interactions J1 and J2 to the inelastic neutron scattering data of CuGeO3 at T = 10K. It is found that both δ and α increase significantly at lower temperatures, relative to the values obtained in the high temperature phase and at the onset of dimeration at 14 K. Static structure factor calculations how Scattering inconsistent with the δâJ1âJ2 model and can be attributed primarily to the phonon degrees of freedom but possibly also to the couplings between chains in the b and a directions of the crystal lattice. Structurally dimerized compounds of antiferromagnetic spin-1/2 chains possess dynamic structure factor and magnetic susceptibility features that are very sensitive to doping with magnetic and nonmagnetic impurities. It is shown that the effects of spin-1 impurities are very similar to those of nonmagnetic (S = 0) impurities if the coupling between impurity and native spin is about the same magnitude as or larger than between native S = 1/2 spins. The microscopic origins of the similarity can be appreciated with the consideration that neighboring spins to the impurity find it more energetically favorable to couple to the impurity than the other spins of the lattice. Thus the spin-1 impurity and its neighboring S = 1/2 spins decouple from the lattice, creating a nonmagnetic break in the chain. The spins that now observe a nonmagnetic cluster on one side can couple to the S = 1/2 spins on the other side with a higher AF correlation than in the pure compound since they do not have to have a ï¬uctuating dimer resonating between two neighbors. Such enhancements to the local correlations can stabilize the global AF order in one dimensional compounds as shown in theoretical and experimental studies of CuGeO3. ED calculations of the dynamic structure factor show that S(q, ω) developes states with ω = 0 in the gap at q = π. Magnetic susceptibilites in the presense of spin-1 impurities were obtained for 80 site chains by QMC simulations and for 16 site chains by ED calculations. An impurity concentration-dependent second peak in the low temperature region reveals an increasing second maximum with T as observed in doped copper germanates and suggests that the results of the study are applicable even to phonon mediated dimerization. This is not immediately apparent because spin-phonon coupling could distort the dimerization patterns. However, experimental and theoretical results show that elastic coupling between chains can stabilize the dimerization pattern due to the impurities and the results will still apply. Historical Undergraduate Honors Theses (5) + - Showcase of Undergraduate Research Excellence (2) + - Condensed matter (15) + - Nuclear physics (12) + - Materials science (6) + - Astrophysics (5) + - Optics (5) + - Particles (Nuclear physics) (4) + - Plasma (Ionized gases) (4) + - Quantum theory (4) + - Biophysics (2) + - Chemical engineering (2) + - Low temperatures (2) + - Microphysics (2) + - Physical sciences (2) + - Applied mathematics (1) + - Atmospheric sciences (1) + - Chemistry, Physical and theoretical (1) + - Climatic changes (1) + - Cosmology (1) + - Differential equations (1) + - Dynamics (1) + - Galaxies (1) + - Gravity (1) + - Interstellar matter (1) + - Materials (1) + - master thesis (1) + - Piekarewicz, Jorge (72) + - College of Arts and Sciences (58) + - Xiong, Peng (50) + - Reina, Laura (41) + - Capstick, Simon (37) + - Volya, Alexander (27) + - Schlottmann, Pedro (26) + - Dalal, Naresh (24) + - Adams, Todd (23) + - Bonesteel, Nicholas (22) + - Aldrovandi, Ettore (21) + - Chiorescu, Irinel (21) + - Rogachev, Grigory (21) + - Crede, Volker (20) + - Riley, Mark A. (18) + - Manousakis, Efstratios (17) + - Rikvold, Per Arne (17) + - Eugenio, Paul (16) + - Bonesteel, Nicholas E. (15) + - Dobrosavljevic, Vladimir (15) + - Brooks, James (14) + - Prosper, Harrison B. (14) + - Bonesteel, N. E. (13) + - Prosper, Harrison (13) + - Riley, Mark (13) + - Brooks, James S. (12) + - Van Winkle, David (12) + - Dalal, Naresh S. (11) + - Citation (3) + - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society (1) + -	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line147
__label__wiki	0.564774	0.564774	Current Search: Research Repository (x) » Miami (x) » Department of Biological Science (x) Acute Sleep Deprivation Blocks Short- and Long-Term Operant Memory in . Krishnan, Harini C, Gandour, Catherine E, Ramos, Joshua L, Wrinkle, Mariah C, Sanchez-Pacheco, Joseph J, Lyons, Lisa C Insufficient sleep in individuals appears increasingly common due to the demands of modern work schedules and technology use. Consequently, there is a growing need to understand the interactions between sleep deprivation and memory. The current study determined the effects of acute sleep deprivation on short and long-term associative memory using the marine mollusk , a relatively simple model system well known for studies of learning and memory. were sleep deprived for 9 hours using context... Show moreInsufficient sleep in individuals appears increasingly common due to the demands of modern work schedules and technology use. Consequently, there is a growing need to understand the interactions between sleep deprivation and memory. The current study determined the effects of acute sleep deprivation on short and long-term associative memory using the marine mollusk , a relatively simple model system well known for studies of learning and memory. were sleep deprived for 9 hours using context changes and tactile stimulation either prior to or after training for the operant learning paradigm, learning that food is inedible (LFI). The effects of sleep deprivation on short-term (STM) and long-term memory (LTM) were assessed. Acute sleep deprivation prior to LFI training impaired the induction of STM and LTM with persistent effects lasting at least 24 h. Sleep deprivation immediately after training blocked the consolidation of LTM. However, sleep deprivation following the period of molecular consolidation did not affect memory recall. Memory impairments were independent of handling-induced stress, as daytime handled control animals demonstrated no memory deficits. Additional training immediately after sleep deprivation failed to rescue the induction of memory, but additional training alleviated the persistent impairment in memory induction when training occurred 24 h following sleep deprivation. Acute sleep deprivation inhibited the induction and consolidation, but not the recall of memory. These behavioral studies establish as an effective model system for studying the interactions between sleep and memory formation. FSU_pmch_27748243, 10.5665/sleep.6320, PMC5103805, 27748243, 27748243, sp-00313-16 Advances in Zika Virus Research: Stem Cell Models, Challenges, and Opportunities.. Ming, Guo-Li, Tang, Hengli, Song, Hongjun The re-emergence of Zika virus (ZIKV) and its suspected link with various disorders in newborns and adults led the World Health Organization to declare a global health emergency. In response, the stem cell field quickly established platforms for modeling ZIKV exposure using human pluripotent stem cell-derived neural progenitors and brain organoids, fetal tissues, and animal models. These efforts provided significant insight into cellular targets, pathogenesis, and underlying biological... Show moreThe re-emergence of Zika virus (ZIKV) and its suspected link with various disorders in newborns and adults led the World Health Organization to declare a global health emergency. In response, the stem cell field quickly established platforms for modeling ZIKV exposure using human pluripotent stem cell-derived neural progenitors and brain organoids, fetal tissues, and animal models. These efforts provided significant insight into cellular targets, pathogenesis, and underlying biological mechanisms of ZIKV infection as well as platforms for drug testing. Here we review the remarkable progress in stem cell-based ZIKV research and discuss current challenges and future opportunities. FSU_pmch_27912090, 10.1016/j.stem.2016.11.014, PMC5218815, 27912090, 27912090, S1934-5909(16)30415-5 Advancing Behavioural Genomics By Considering Timescale. Rittschof, Clare C., Hughes, Kimberly A. Animal behavioural traits often covary with gene expression, pointing towards a genomic constraint on organismal responses to environmental cues. This pattern highlights a gap in our understanding of the time course of environmentally responsive gene expression, and moreover, how these dynamics are regulated. Advances in behavioural genomics explore how gene expression dynamics are correlated with behavioural traits that range from stable to highly labile. We consider the idea that certain... Show moreAnimal behavioural traits often covary with gene expression, pointing towards a genomic constraint on organismal responses to environmental cues. This pattern highlights a gap in our understanding of the time course of environmentally responsive gene expression, and moreover, how these dynamics are regulated. Advances in behavioural genomics explore how gene expression dynamics are correlated with behavioural traits that range from stable to highly labile. We consider the idea that certain genomic regulatory mechanisms may predict the timescale of an environmental effect on behaviour. This temporally minded approach could inform both organismal and evolutionary questions ranging from the remediation of early life social trauma to understanding the evolution of trait plasticity. Aging and circadian dysfunction increase alcohol sensitivity and exacerbate mortality in Drosophila melanogaster. De Nobrega, Aliza K, Mellers, Alana P, Lyons, Lisa C Alcohol abuse is a rising problem in middle-aged and older individuals resulting in serious health, family and economic consequences. Effective treatment necessitates the identification of factors influencing alcohol toxicity with aging. We investigated the interaction between aging, alcohol toxicity and circadian function using Drosophila as a model system. We found as wild type flies age, sensitivity to alcohol increases and circadian regulation of alcohol-induced behaviors weakens.... Show moreAlcohol abuse is a rising problem in middle-aged and older individuals resulting in serious health, family and economic consequences. Effective treatment necessitates the identification of factors influencing alcohol toxicity with aging. We investigated the interaction between aging, alcohol toxicity and circadian function using Drosophila as a model system. We found as wild type flies age, sensitivity to alcohol increases and circadian regulation of alcohol-induced behaviors weakens. Decreased circadian modulation is correlated with significantly greater alcohol sensitivity during the subjective day. The circadian clock modulates alcohol-induced mortality in younger flies with increased mortality following alcohol exposure at night. Older flies exhibit significantly longer recovery times following alcohol-induced sedation and increased mortality following binge-like or chronic alcohol exposure. Flies rendered arrhythmic either genetically or environmentally exhibit significantly increased alcohol sensitivity, longer recovery times and increased mortality. We hypothesize that the circadian clock phase specifically buffers behavioral and cellular alcohol sensitivity with this protection diminishing as the circadian clock weakens with age. FSU_pmch_28750752, 10.1016/j.exger.2017.07.014, PMC6158789, 28750752, 28750752, S0531-5565(17)30055-4 AIM2 inflammasome activation and regulation: A structural perspective.. Wang, Bing, Yin, Qian Absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) inflammasome is a multi-protein platform that recognizes aberrant cytoplasmic dsDNA and induces cytokine maturation, release and pyroptosis. It is composed of AIM2, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC), and caspase-1. Recent X-ray crystallographic and high resolution cryo-electron microscopic (cryo-EM) studies have revealed a series of structures in AIM2 inflammasome activation and regulation. One prominent feature common in multiple... Show moreAbsent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) inflammasome is a multi-protein platform that recognizes aberrant cytoplasmic dsDNA and induces cytokine maturation, release and pyroptosis. It is composed of AIM2, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC), and caspase-1. Recent X-ray crystallographic and high resolution cryo-electron microscopic (cryo-EM) studies have revealed a series of structures in AIM2 inflammasome activation and regulation. One prominent feature common in multiple steps is the assembly of high-order structures, especially helical filaments nucleated by upstream molecules, rather than stoichiometric complexes. In this review, we track the AIM2 inflammasome activation process step by step, using high-resolution structures to illustrate the overall architecture of AIM2 inflammasome and its assembly and regulatory mechanisms. FSU_pmch_28813641, 10.1016/j.jsb.2017.08.001, PMC5733693, 28813641, 28813641, S1047-8477(17)30132-6 Allele-specific Control Of Replication Timing And Genome Organization During Development. Rivera-Mulia, Juan Carlos, Dimond, Andrew, Vera, Daniel, Trevilla-Garcia, Claudia, Sasaki, Takayo, Zimmerman, Jared, Dupont, Catherine, Gribnau, Joost, Fraser, Peter, Gilbert,... Show moreRivera-Mulia, Juan Carlos, Dimond, Andrew, Vera, Daniel, Trevilla-Garcia, Claudia, Sasaki, Takayo, Zimmerman, Jared, Dupont, Catherine, Gribnau, Joost, Fraser, Peter, Gilbert, David M. DNA replication occurs in a defined temporal order known as the replication-timing (RT) program. RT is regulated during development in discrete chromosomal units, coordinated with transcriptional activity and 3D genome organization. Here, we derived distinct cell types from F1 hybrid musculus x castaneus mouse crosses and exploited the high single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) density to characterize allelic differences in RT (Repli-seq), genome organization (Hi-C and promoter-capture Hi-C),... Show moreDNA replication occurs in a defined temporal order known as the replication-timing (RT) program. RT is regulated during development in discrete chromosomal units, coordinated with transcriptional activity and 3D genome organization. Here, we derived distinct cell types from F1 hybrid musculus x castaneus mouse crosses and exploited the high single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) density to characterize allelic differences in RT (Repli-seq), genome organization (Hi-C and promoter-capture Hi-C), gene expression (total nuclear RNA-seq), and chromatin accessibility (ATAC-seq). We also present HARP, a new computational tool for sorting SNPs in phased genomes to efficiently measure allele-specific genome-wide data. Analysis of six different hybrid mESC clones with different genomes (C57BL/ 6,129 /sv, and CAST/ Ei), parental configurations, and gender revealed significant RT asynchrony between alleles across similar to 12% of the autosomal genome linked to subspecies genomes but not to parental origin, growth conditions, or gender. RT asynchrony in mESCs strongly correlated with changes in Hi-C compartments between alleles but not as strongly with SNP density, gene expression, imprinting, or chromatin accessibility. We then tracked mESC RT asynchronous regions during development by analyzing differentiated cell types, including extraembryonic endoderm stem (XEN) cells, four male and female primary mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs), and neural precursor cells (NPCs) differentiated in vitro from mESCs with opposite parental configurations. We found that RT asynchrony and allelic discordance in Hi-C compartments seen in mESCs were largely lost in all differentiated cell types, accompanied by novel sites of allelic asynchrony at a considerably smaller proportion of the genome, suggesting that genome organization of homologs converges to similar folding patterns during cell fate commitment. FSU_libsubv1_wos_000436084800005, 10.1101/gr.232561.117 Anatomy and osteohistology of the basal hadrosaurid dinosaur Eotrachodon from the uppermost Santonian (Cretaceous) of southern Appalachia. Prieto-Márquez, Albert, Erickson, Gregory M, Ebersole, Jun A The cranial and postcranial anatomy of the basal hadrosaurid dinosaur Eotrachodon orientalis, from the uppermost Santonian of southern Appalachia (southeastern U.S.A.), is described in detail. This animal is the only known pre-Campanian non-lambeosaurine hadrosaurid, and the most complete hadrosauroid known from Appalachia. E. orientalis possesses a mosaic of plesiomorphic and derived characters in the context of Hadrosauroidea. Characters shared with basal hadrosauroids include a short and... Show moreThe cranial and postcranial anatomy of the basal hadrosaurid dinosaur Eotrachodon orientalis, from the uppermost Santonian of southern Appalachia (southeastern U.S.A.), is described in detail. This animal is the only known pre-Campanian non-lambeosaurine hadrosaurid, and the most complete hadrosauroid known from Appalachia. E. orientalis possesses a mosaic of plesiomorphic and derived characters in the context of Hadrosauroidea. Characters shared with basal hadrosauroids include a short and sloping maxillary ectopterygoid shelf, caudally prominent maxillary jugal process, one functional tooth per alveolus on the maxillary occlusal plane, a jugal rostral process with a shallow caudodorsal margin and medioventrally facing articular facet, a vertical dentary coronoid process with a poorly expanded apex, and tooth crowns with accessory ridges. Derived characters shared with other hadrosaurids include a circumnarial depression compartmented into three fossae (as in brachylophosaurins and Edmontosaurus), a thin everted premaxillary oral margin (as in Gryposaurus, Prosaurolophus, and Saurolophus), and a maxilla with a deep and rostrocaudally extensive rostrodorsal region with a steeply sloping premaxillary margin (as in Gryposaurus). Eotrachodon orientalis differs primarily from the other hadrosauroid from the Mooreville Chalk of Alabama, Lophorhothon atopus, in having a slender and crestless nasal whose caudodorsal margin is not invaded by the circumnarial depression. Hadrosaurus foulkii, the only other known hadrosaurid from Appalachia, is distinct from E. orientalis in having dentary teeth lacking accessory ridges and a dorsally curved shaft of the ischium. A histological section of the tibia of the E. orientalis holotype (MSC 7949) suggests that this individual was actively growing at the time of death and, thus, had the potential to become a larger animal later in development. FSU_pmch_27114863, 10.7717/peerj.1872, PMC4841272, 27114863, 27114863, 1872 Anchored Enrichment Dataset For True Flies (order Diptera) Reveals Insights Into The Phylogeny Of Flower Flies (family Syrphidae). Young, Andrew Donovan, Lemmon, Alan R., Skevington, Jeffrey H., Mengual, Ximo, Stahls, Gunilla, Reemer, Menno, Jordaens, Kurt, Kelso, Scott, Lemmon, Emily Moriarty, Hauser,... Show moreYoung, Andrew Donovan, Lemmon, Alan R., Skevington, Jeffrey H., Mengual, Ximo, Stahls, Gunilla, Reemer, Menno, Jordaens, Kurt, Kelso, Scott, Lemmon, Emily Moriarty, Hauser, Martin, De Meyer, Marc, Misof, Bernhard, Wiegmann, Brian M. Background: Anchored hybrid enrichment is a form of next-generation sequencing that uses oligonucleotide probes to target conserved regions of the genome flanked by less conserved regions in order to acquire data useful for phylogenetic inference from a broad range of taxa. Once a probe kit is developed, anchored hybrid enrichment is superior to traditional PCR-based Sanger sequencing in terms of both the amount of genomic data that can be recovered and effective cost. Due to their incredibly... Show moreBackground: Anchored hybrid enrichment is a form of next-generation sequencing that uses oligonucleotide probes to target conserved regions of the genome flanked by less conserved regions in order to acquire data useful for phylogenetic inference from a broad range of taxa. Once a probe kit is developed, anchored hybrid enrichment is superior to traditional PCR-based Sanger sequencing in terms of both the amount of genomic data that can be recovered and effective cost. Due to their incredibly diverse nature, importance as pollinators, and historical instability with regard to subfamilial and tribal classification, Syrphidae (flower flies or hoverflies) are an ideal candidate for anchored hybrid enrichment-based phylogenetics, especially since recent molecular phylogenies of the syrphids using only a few markers have resulted in highly unresolved topologies. Over 6200 syrphids are currently known and uncovering their phylogeny will help us to understand how these species have diversified, providing insight into an array of ecological processes, from the development of adult mimicry, the origin of adult migration, to pollination patterns and the evolution of larval resource utilization. Results: We present the first use of anchored hybrid enrichment in insect phylogenetics on a dataset containing 30 flower fly species from across all four subfamilies and 11 tribes out of 15. To produce a phylogenetic hypothesis, 559 loci were sampled to produce a final dataset containing 217,702 sites. We recovered a well resolved topology with bootstrap support values that were almost universally >95 %. The subfamily Eristalinae is recovered as paraphyletic, with the strongest support for this hypothesis to date. The ant predators in the Microdontinae are sister to all other syrphids. Syrphinae and Pipizinae are monophyletic and sister to each other. Larval predation on soft-bodied hemipterans evolved only once in this family. Conclusions: Anchored hybrid enrichment was successful in producing a robustly supported phylogenetic hypothesis for the syrphids. Subfamilial reconstruction is concordant with recent phylogenetic hypotheses, but with much higher support values. With the newly designed probe kit this analysis could be rapidly expanded with further sampling, opening the door to more comprehensive analyses targeting problem areas in syrphid phylogenetics and ecology. Young, Andrew Donovan, Lemmon, Alan R, Skevington, Jeffrey H, Mengual, Ximo, Ståhls, Gunilla, Reemer, Menno, Jordaens, Kurt, Kelso, Scott, Lemmon, Emily Moriarty, Hauser, Martin... Show moreYoung, Andrew Donovan, Lemmon, Alan R, Skevington, Jeffrey H, Mengual, Ximo, Ståhls, Gunilla, Reemer, Menno, Jordaens, Kurt, Kelso, Scott, Lemmon, Emily Moriarty, Hauser, Martin, De Meyer, Marc, Misof, Bernhard, Wiegmann, Brian M Anchored hybrid enrichment is a form of next-generation sequencing that uses oligonucleotide probes to target conserved regions of the genome flanked by less conserved regions in order to acquire data useful for phylogenetic inference from a broad range of taxa. Once a probe kit is developed, anchored hybrid enrichment is superior to traditional PCR-based Sanger sequencing in terms of both the amount of genomic data that can be recovered and effective cost. Due to their incredibly diverse... Show moreAnchored hybrid enrichment is a form of next-generation sequencing that uses oligonucleotide probes to target conserved regions of the genome flanked by less conserved regions in order to acquire data useful for phylogenetic inference from a broad range of taxa. Once a probe kit is developed, anchored hybrid enrichment is superior to traditional PCR-based Sanger sequencing in terms of both the amount of genomic data that can be recovered and effective cost. Due to their incredibly diverse nature, importance as pollinators, and historical instability with regard to subfamilial and tribal classification, Syrphidae (flower flies or hoverflies) are an ideal candidate for anchored hybrid enrichment-based phylogenetics, especially since recent molecular phylogenies of the syrphids using only a few markers have resulted in highly unresolved topologies. Over 6200 syrphids are currently known and uncovering their phylogeny will help us to understand how these species have diversified, providing insight into an array of ecological processes, from the development of adult mimicry, the origin of adult migration, to pollination patterns and the evolution of larval resource utilization. We present the first use of anchored hybrid enrichment in insect phylogenetics on a dataset containing 30 flower fly species from across all four subfamilies and 11 tribes out of 15. To produce a phylogenetic hypothesis, 559 loci were sampled to produce a final dataset containing 217,702 sites. We recovered a well resolved topology with bootstrap support values that were almost universally >95 %. The subfamily Eristalinae is recovered as paraphyletic, with the strongest support for this hypothesis to date. The ant predators in the Microdontinae are sister to all other syrphids. Syrphinae and Pipizinae are monophyletic and sister to each other. Larval predation on soft-bodied hemipterans evolved only once in this family. Anchored hybrid enrichment was successful in producing a robustly supported phylogenetic hypothesis for the syrphids. Subfamilial reconstruction is concordant with recent phylogenetic hypotheses, but with much higher support values. With the newly designed probe kit this analysis could be rapidly expanded with further sampling, opening the door to more comprehensive analyses targeting problem areas in syrphid phylogenetics and ecology. Anti-Inflammatory Mechanism of Neural Stem Cell Transplantation in Spinal Cord Injury. Cheng, Zhijian, Zhu, Wen, Cao, Kai, Wu, Fei, Li, Jin, Wang, Guoyu, Li, Haopen, Lu, Ming, Ren, Yi, He, Xijing Neural stem cell (NSC) transplantation has been proposed to promote functional recovery after spinal cord injury. However, a detailed understanding of the mechanisms of how NSCs exert their therapeutic plasticity is lacking. We transplanted mouse NSCs into the injured spinal cord seven days after SCI, and the Basso Mouse Scale (BMS) score was performed to assess locomotor function. The anti-inflammatory effects of NSC transplantation was analyzed by immunofluorescence staining of neutrophil... Show moreNeural stem cell (NSC) transplantation has been proposed to promote functional recovery after spinal cord injury. However, a detailed understanding of the mechanisms of how NSCs exert their therapeutic plasticity is lacking. We transplanted mouse NSCs into the injured spinal cord seven days after SCI, and the Basso Mouse Scale (BMS) score was performed to assess locomotor function. The anti-inflammatory effects of NSC transplantation was analyzed by immunofluorescence staining of neutrophil and macrophages and the detection of mRNA levels of tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-), interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-12 (IL-12). Furthermore, bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) were co-cultured with NSCs and followed by analyzing the mRNA levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), TNF-, IL-1, IL-6 and IL-10 with quantitative real-time PCR. The production of TNF- and IL-1 by BMDMs was examined using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Transplanted NSCs had significantly increased BMS scores (p < 0.05). Histological results showed that the grafted NSCs migrated from the injection site toward the injured area. NSCs transplantation significantly reduced the number of neutrophils and iNOS+/Mac-2+ cells at the epicenter of the injured area (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, mRNA levels of TNF-, IL-1, IL-6 and IL-12 in the NSCs transplantation group were significantly decreased compared to the control group. Furthermore, NSCs inhibited the iNOS expression of BMDMs and the release of inflammatory factors by macrophages in vitro (p < 0.05). These results suggest that NSC transplantation could modulate SCI-induced inflammatory responses and enhance neurological function after SCI via reducing M1 macrophage activation and infiltrating neutrophils. Thus, this study provides a new insight into the mechanisms responsible for the anti-inflammatory effect of NSC transplantation after SCI. FSU_libsubv1_wos_000385525500008, 10.3390/ijms17091380 Applying systems-level spectral imaging and analysis to reveal the organelle interactome. Valm, Alex M, Cohen, Sarah, Legant, Wesley R, Melunis, Justin, Hershberg, Uri, Wait, Eric, Cohen, Andrew R, Davidson, Michael W, Betzig, Eric, Lippincott-Schwartz, Jennifer The organization of the eukaryotic cell into discrete membrane-bound organelles allows for the separation of incompatible biochemical processes, but the activities of these organelles must be coordinated. For example, lipid metabolism is distributed between the endoplasmic reticulum for lipid synthesis, lipid droplets for storage and transport, mitochondria and peroxisomes for β-oxidation, and lysosomes for lipid hydrolysis and recycling. It is increasingly recognized that organelle contacts... Show moreThe organization of the eukaryotic cell into discrete membrane-bound organelles allows for the separation of incompatible biochemical processes, but the activities of these organelles must be coordinated. For example, lipid metabolism is distributed between the endoplasmic reticulum for lipid synthesis, lipid droplets for storage and transport, mitochondria and peroxisomes for β-oxidation, and lysosomes for lipid hydrolysis and recycling. It is increasingly recognized that organelle contacts have a vital role in diverse cellular functions. However, the spatial and temporal organization of organelles within the cell remains poorly characterized, as fluorescence imaging approaches are limited in the number of different labels that can be distinguished in a single image. Here we present a systems-level analysis of the organelle interactome using a multispectral image acquisition method that overcomes the challenge of spectral overlap in the fluorescent protein palette. We used confocal and lattice light sheet instrumentation and an imaging informatics pipeline of five steps to achieve mapping of organelle numbers, volumes, speeds, positions and dynamic inter-organelle contacts in live cells from a monkey fibroblast cell line. We describe the frequency and locality of two-, three-, four- and five-way interactions among six different membrane-bound organelles (endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi, lysosome, peroxisome, mitochondria and lipid droplet) and show how these relationships change over time. We demonstrate that each organelle has a characteristic distribution and dispersion pattern in three-dimensional space and that there is a reproducible pattern of contacts among the six organelles, that is affected by microtubule and cell nutrient status. These live-cell confocal and lattice light sheet spectral imaging approaches are applicable to any cell system expressing multiple fluorescent probes, whether in normal conditions or when cells are exposed to disturbances such as drugs, pathogens or stress. This methodology thus offers a powerful descriptive tool and can be used to develop hypotheses about cellular organization and dynamics. FSU_pmch_28538724, 10.1038/nature22369, PMC5536967, 28538724, 28538724, nature22369 Atomic Resolution Structures Of Human Bufaviruses Determined By Cryo-electron Microscopy. Ilyas, Maria, Mietzsch, Mario, Kailasan, Shweta, Vaisanen, Elina, Luo, Mengxiao, Chipman, Paul, Smith, J. Kennon, Kurian, Justin, Sousa, Duncan, McKenna, Robert, Soderlund... Show moreIlyas, Maria, Mietzsch, Mario, Kailasan, Shweta, Vaisanen, Elina, Luo, Mengxiao, Chipman, Paul, Smith, J. Kennon, Kurian, Justin, Sousa, Duncan, McKenna, Robert, Soderlund-Venermo, Maria, Agbandje-McKenna, Mavis Bufavirus strain 1 (BuV1), a member of the Protoparvovirus genus of the Parvoviridae, was first isolated from fecal samples of children with acute diarrhea in Burkina Faso. Since this initial discovery, BuVs have been isolated in several countries, including Finland, the Netherlands, and Bhutan, in pediatric patients exhibiting similar symptoms. Towards their characterization, the structures of virus-like particles of BuV1, BuV2, and BuV3, the current known genotypes, have been determined by... Show moreBufavirus strain 1 (BuV1), a member of the Protoparvovirus genus of the Parvoviridae, was first isolated from fecal samples of children with acute diarrhea in Burkina Faso. Since this initial discovery, BuVs have been isolated in several countries, including Finland, the Netherlands, and Bhutan, in pediatric patients exhibiting similar symptoms. Towards their characterization, the structures of virus-like particles of BuV1, BuV2, and BuV3, the current known genotypes, have been determined by cryo-electron microscopy and image reconstruction to 2.84, 3.79, and 3.25 angstrom, respectively. The BuVs, 65-73% identical in amino acid sequence, conserve the major viral protein, VP2, structure and general capsid surface features of parvoviruses. These include a core -barrel (B-I), -helix A, and large surface loops inserted between these elements in VP2. The capsid contains depressions at the icosahedral 2-fold and around the 5-fold axes, and has three separated protrusions surrounding the 3-fold axes. Structure comparison among the BuVs and to available parvovirus structures revealed capsid surface variations and capsid 3-fold protrusions that depart from the single pinwheel arrangement of the animal protoparvoviruses. These structures provide a platform to begin the molecular characterization of these potentially pathogenic viruses. FSU_libsubv1_wos_000424414900022, 10.3390/v10010022 Automatic stage identification of Drosophila egg chamber based on DAPI images. Jia, Dongyu, Xu, Qiuping, Xie, Qian, Mio, Washington, Deng, Wu-Min The Drosophila egg chamber, whose development is divided into 14 stages, is a well-established model for developmental biology. However, visual stage determination can be a tedious, subjective and time-consuming task prone to errors. Our study presents an objective, reliable and repeatable automated method for quantifying cell features and classifying egg chamber stages based on DAPI images. The proposed approach is composed of two steps: 1) a feature extraction step and 2) a statistical... Show moreThe Drosophila egg chamber, whose development is divided into 14 stages, is a well-established model for developmental biology. However, visual stage determination can be a tedious, subjective and time-consuming task prone to errors. Our study presents an objective, reliable and repeatable automated method for quantifying cell features and classifying egg chamber stages based on DAPI images. The proposed approach is composed of two steps: 1) a feature extraction step and 2) a statistical modeling step. The egg chamber features used are egg chamber size, oocyte size, egg chamber ratio and distribution of follicle cells. Methods for determining the on-site of the polytene stage and centripetal migration are also discussed. The statistical model uses linear and ordinal regression to explore the stage-feature relationships and classify egg chamber stages. Combined with machine learning, our method has great potential to enable discovery of hidden developmental mechanisms. FSU_libsubv1_wos_000368658200001, 10.1038/srep18850 Awake, long-term intranasal insulin treatment does not affect object memory, odor discrimination, or reversal learning in mice. Bell, Genevieve A, Fadool, Debra Ann Intranasal insulin delivery is currently being used in clinical trials to test for improvement in human memory and cognition, and in particular, for lessening memory loss attributed to neurodegenerative diseases. Studies have reported the effects of short-term intranasal insulin treatment on various behaviors, but less have examined long-term effects. The olfactory bulb contains the highest density of insulin receptors in conjunction with the highest level of insulin transport within the... Show moreIntranasal insulin delivery is currently being used in clinical trials to test for improvement in human memory and cognition, and in particular, for lessening memory loss attributed to neurodegenerative diseases. Studies have reported the effects of short-term intranasal insulin treatment on various behaviors, but less have examined long-term effects. The olfactory bulb contains the highest density of insulin receptors in conjunction with the highest level of insulin transport within the brain. Previous research from our laboratory has demonstrated that acute insulin intranasal delivery (IND) enhanced both short- and long-term memory as well as increased two-odor discrimination in a two-choice paradigm. Herein, we investigated the behavioral and physiological effects of chronic insulin IND. Adult, male C57BL6/J mice were intranasally treated with 5μg/μl of insulin twice daily for 30 and 60days. Metabolic assessment indicated no change in body weight, caloric intake, or energy expenditure following chronic insulin IND, but an increase in the frequency of meal bouts selectively in the dark cycle. Unlike acute insulin IND, which has been shown to cause enhanced performance in odor habituation/dishabituation and two-odor discrimination tasks in mice, chronic insulin IND did not enhance olfactometry-based odorant discrimination or olfactory reversal learning. In an object memory recognition task, insulin IND-treated mice did not perform differently than controls, regardless of task duration. Biochemical analyses of the olfactory bulb revealed a modest 1.3 fold increase in IR kinase phosphorylation but no significant increase in Kv1.3 phosphorylation. Substrate phosphorylation of IR kinase downstream effectors (MAPK/ERK and Akt signaling) proved to be highly variable. These data indicate that chronic administration of insulin IND in mice fails to enhance olfactory ability, object memory recognition, or a majority of systems physiology metabolic factors - as reported to elicit a modulatory effect with acute administration. This leads to two alternative interpretations regarding long-term insulin IND in mice: 1) It causes an initial stage of insulin resistance to dampen the behaviors that would normally be modulated under acute insulin IND, but ability to clear a glucose challenge is still retained, or 2) There is a lack of behavioral modulation at high concentration of insulin attributed to the twice daily intervals of hyperinsulinemia caused by insulin IND administration without any insulin resistance, per se. FSU_pmch_28259806, 10.1016/j.physbeh.2017.02.044, PMC5639911, 28259806, 28259806, S0031-9384(16)30820-4 Bacterial Artificial Chromosomes Establish Replication Timing And Sub-nuclear Compartment De Novo As Extra-chromosomal Vectors. Sima, Jiao, Bartlett, Daniel A., Gordon, Molly R., Gilbert, David M. The role of DNA sequence in determining replication timing (RT) and chromatin higher order organization remains elusive. To address this question, we have developed an extra-chromosomal replication system (E-BACs) consisting of similar to 200 kb human bacterial artificial chromosomes (BACs) modified with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) stable segregation elements. E-BACs were stably maintained as autonomous mini-chromosomes in EBNA1-expressing HeLa or human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiP-SCs)... Show moreThe role of DNA sequence in determining replication timing (RT) and chromatin higher order organization remains elusive. To address this question, we have developed an extra-chromosomal replication system (E-BACs) consisting of similar to 200 kb human bacterial artificial chromosomes (BACs) modified with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) stable segregation elements. E-BACs were stably maintained as autonomous mini-chromosomes in EBNA1-expressing HeLa or human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiP-SCs) and established distinct RT patterns. An E-BAC harboring an early replicating chromosomal region replicated early during S phase, while E-BACs derived from RT transition regions (TTRs) and late replicating regions replicated in mid to late S phase. Analysis of E-BAC interactions with cellular chromatin (4C-seq) revealed that the early replicating E-BAC interacted broadly throughout the genome and preferentially with the early replicating compartment of the nucleus. In contrast, mid-to late-replicating E-BACs interacted with more specific late replicating chromosomal segments, some of which were shared between different E-BACs. Together, we describe a versatile system in which to study the structure and function of chromosomal segments that are stably maintained separately from the influence of cellular chromosome context. FSU_libsubv1_wos_000426293300025, 10.1093/nar/gkx1265 The Biomechanics Behind Extreme Osteophagy In Tyrannosaurus Rex. Gignac, Paul M., Erickson, Gregory M. Most carnivorous mammals can pulverize skeletal elements by generating tooth pressures between occluding teeth that exceed cortical bone shear strength, thereby permitting access to marrow and phosphatic salts. Conversely, carnivorous reptiles have non-occluding dentitions that engender negligible bone damage during feeding. As a result, most reptilian predators can only consume bones in their entirety. Nevertheless, North American tyrannosaurids, including the giant (13 metres [m]) theropod... Show moreMost carnivorous mammals can pulverize skeletal elements by generating tooth pressures between occluding teeth that exceed cortical bone shear strength, thereby permitting access to marrow and phosphatic salts. Conversely, carnivorous reptiles have non-occluding dentitions that engender negligible bone damage during feeding. As a result, most reptilian predators can only consume bones in their entirety. Nevertheless, North American tyrannosaurids, including the giant (13 metres [m]) theropod dinosaur Tyrannosaurus rex stand out for habitually biting deeply into bones, pulverizing and digesting them. How this mammal-like capacity was possible, absent dental occlusion, is unknown. Here we analyzed T. rex feeding behaviour from trace evidence, estimated bite forces and tooth pressures, and studied tooth-bone contacts to provide the answer. We show that bone pulverization was made possible through a combination of: (1) prodigious bite forces (8,526-34,522 newtons [N]) and tooth pressures (718-2,974 megapascals [MPa]) promoting crack propagation in bones, (2) tooth form and dental arcade configurations that concentrated shear stresses, and (3) repetitive, localized biting. Collectively, these capacities and behaviors allowed T. rex to finely fragment bones and more fully exploit large dinosaur carcasses for sustenance relative to competing carnivores. FSU_libsubv1_wos_000401511100019, 10.1038/s41598-017-02161-w Bioturbation By The Fungus-gardening Ant, Trachymyrmex Septentrionalis. Tschinkel, Walter R., Seal, Jon N. Soil invertebrates such as ants are thought to be important manipulators of soils in temperate and tropical ecosystems. The fungus gardening ant, Trachymyrmex septentrionalis, is an important agent of biomantling, that is, of depositing soil excavated from below onto the surface, and has been suggested as an agent of bioturbation (moving soil below ground) as well. The amount of bioturbation by this ant was quantified by planting queenright colonies in sand columns consisting of 5 layers of... Show moreSoil invertebrates such as ants are thought to be important manipulators of soils in temperate and tropical ecosystems. The fungus gardening ant, Trachymyrmex septentrionalis, is an important agent of biomantling, that is, of depositing soil excavated from below onto the surface, and has been suggested as an agent of bioturbation (moving soil below ground) as well. The amount of bioturbation by this ant was quantified by planting queenright colonies in sand columns consisting of 5 layers of different colored sand. The amount of each color of sand deposited on the surface was determined from April to November 2015. In November, colonies were excavated and the color and amount of sand deposited below ground (mostly as backfill in chambers) was determined. Extrapolated to one ha, T. septentrionalis deposited 800 kg of sand per annum on the surface, and an additional 200 kg (17% of the total excavated) below ground. On average, this mixes 1.3% of the sand from other layers within the top meter of soil per millennium, but this mixing is unlikely to be homogeneous, and probably occurs as "hotspots" in both horizontal and vertical space. Such mixing is discussed as a challenge to sediment dating by optically stimulated luminescence (OSL). FSU_libsubv1_wos_000380005400162, 10.1371/journal.pone.0158920 Tschinkel, Walter R, Seal, Jon N Bottom-up And Top-down Controls On Coral Reef Sponges: Disentangling Within-habitat And Between-habitat Processes. Wulff, Janie Polarized debates about top-down vs. bottom-up control have given way to more nuanced understanding of control by both resources and consumers in many systems, but coral reef sponges have recently been asserted to differ from other groups in being controlled exclusively top-down. This assertion has been countered by reports of exclusively bottom-up control, with both conclusions based on studies of the same species. Accelerating deterioration of coral reefs motivates knowing the contexts in... Show morePolarized debates about top-down vs. bottom-up control have given way to more nuanced understanding of control by both resources and consumers in many systems, but coral reef sponges have recently been asserted to differ from other groups in being controlled exclusively top-down. This assertion has been countered by reports of exclusively bottom-up control, with both conclusions based on studies of the same species. Accelerating deterioration of coral reefs motivates knowing the contexts in which either consumers or nutrients or both control key ecosystem role players like sponges. Accordingly, genotype-and size-controlled individuals of 12 common Caribbean reef sponge species were transplanted, in the field, into five circumstances differing in predators, competitors, and the picoplankton consumed by sponges. Growth and survival of the experimental transplants for periods of 1-9 yr revealed context-dependent control of sponges. Primary control of growth was bottom-up, with more picoplankton resulting in consistent and sustained higher growth rates for all 12 of these ecologically and phylogenetically diverse species. Top-down control was not detected within-habitat, on the coral reef. However, between-habitat control was by predation and competition, with reef sponges excluded from adjacent seagrass meadows by spongivorous starfish, and excluded from mangrove prop roots by faster-growing mangrove sponges. These results highlight the strong importance of experimental design details that consider behavior idiosyncrasies, sufficiently long time scales, and appropriate division of species into categories. Diametrically opposite results from studies of the same species also illustrate the inherently greater difficulty of detecting bottom-up processes and the importance of distinguishing within-habitat vs. between-habitat patterns and processes. FSU_libsubv1_wos_000398175200024 Brain-Region-Specific Organoids Using Mini-bioreactors for Modeling ZIKV Exposure. Qian, Xuyu, Nguyen, Ha Nam, Song, Mingxi M, Hadiono, Christopher, Ogden, Sarah C, Hammack, Christy, Yao, Bing, Hamersky, Gregory R, Jacob, Fadi, Zhong, Chun, Yoon, Ki-Jun, Jeang... Show moreQian, Xuyu, Nguyen, Ha Nam, Song, Mingxi M, Hadiono, Christopher, Ogden, Sarah C, Hammack, Christy, Yao, Bing, Hamersky, Gregory R, Jacob, Fadi, Zhong, Chun, Yoon, Ki-Jun, Jeang, William, Lin, Li, Li, Yujing, Thakor, Jai, Berg, Daniel A, Zhang, Ce, Kang, Eunchai, Chickering, Michael, Nauen, David, Ho, Cheng-Ying, Wen, Zhexing, Christian, Kimberly M, Shi, Pei-Yong, Maher, Brady J, Wu, Hao, Jin, Peng, Tang, Hengli, Song, Hongjun, Ming, Guo-Li Cerebral organoids, three-dimensional cultures that model organogenesis, provide a new platform to investigate human brain development. High cost, variability, and tissue heterogeneity limit their broad applications. Here, we developed a miniaturized spinning bioreactor (SpinΩ) to generate forebrain-specific organoids from human iPSCs. These organoids recapitulate key features of human cortical development, including progenitor zone organization, neurogenesis, gene expression, and, notably, a... Show moreCerebral organoids, three-dimensional cultures that model organogenesis, provide a new platform to investigate human brain development. High cost, variability, and tissue heterogeneity limit their broad applications. Here, we developed a miniaturized spinning bioreactor (SpinΩ) to generate forebrain-specific organoids from human iPSCs. These organoids recapitulate key features of human cortical development, including progenitor zone organization, neurogenesis, gene expression, and, notably, a distinct human-specific outer radial glia cell layer. We also developed protocols for midbrain and hypothalamic organoids. Finally, we employed the forebrain organoid platform to model Zika virus (ZIKV) exposure. Quantitative analyses revealed preferential, productive infection of neural progenitors with either African or Asian ZIKV strains. ZIKV infection leads to increased cell death and reduced proliferation, resulting in decreased neuronal cell-layer volume resembling microcephaly. Together, our brain-region-specific organoids and SpinΩ provide an accessible and versatile platform for modeling human brain development and disease and for compound testing, including potential ZIKV antiviral drugs. FSU_pmch_27118425, 10.1016/j.cell.2016.04.032, PMC4900885, 27118425, 27118425, S0092-8674(16)30467-6 A bright cyan-excitable orange fluorescent protein facilitates dual-emission microscopy and enhances bioluminescence imaging in vivo. Chu, Jun, Oh, Younghee, Sens, Alex, Ataie, Niloufar, Dana, Hod, Macklin, John J, Laviv, Tal, Welf, Erik S, Dean, Kevin M, Zhang, Feijie, Kim, Benjamin B, Tang, Clement Tran, Hu,... Show moreChu, Jun, Oh, Younghee, Sens, Alex, Ataie, Niloufar, Dana, Hod, Macklin, John J, Laviv, Tal, Welf, Erik S, Dean, Kevin M, Zhang, Feijie, Kim, Benjamin B, Tang, Clement Tran, Hu, Michelle, Baird, Michelle A, Davidson, Michael W, Kay, Mark A, Fiolka, Reto, Yasuda, Ryohei, Kim, Douglas S, Ng, Ho-Leung, Lin, Michael Z Orange-red fluorescent proteins (FPs) are widely used in biomedical research for multiplexed epifluorescence microscopy with GFP-based probes, but their different excitation requirements make multiplexing with new advanced microscopy methods difficult. Separately, orange-red FPs are useful for deep-tissue imaging in mammals owing to the relative tissue transmissibility of orange-red light, but their dependence on illumination limits their sensitivity as reporters in deep tissues. Here we... Show moreOrange-red fluorescent proteins (FPs) are widely used in biomedical research for multiplexed epifluorescence microscopy with GFP-based probes, but their different excitation requirements make multiplexing with new advanced microscopy methods difficult. Separately, orange-red FPs are useful for deep-tissue imaging in mammals owing to the relative tissue transmissibility of orange-red light, but their dependence on illumination limits their sensitivity as reporters in deep tissues. Here we describe CyOFP1, a bright, engineered, orange-red FP that is excitable by cyan light. We show that CyOFP1 enables single-excitation multiplexed imaging with GFP-based probes in single-photon and two-photon microscopy, including time-lapse imaging in light-sheet systems. CyOFP1 also serves as an efficient acceptor for resonance energy transfer from the highly catalytic blue-emitting luciferase NanoLuc. An optimized fusion of CyOFP1 and NanoLuc, called Antares, functions as a highly sensitive bioluminescent reporter in vivo, producing substantially brighter signals from deep tissues than firefly luciferase and other bioluminescent proteins. FSU_pmch_27240196, 10.1038/nbt.3550, PMC4942401, 27240196, 27240196, nbt.3550 Cell-cycle dynamics of chromosomal organization at single-cell resolution. Nagano, Takashi, Lubling, Yaniv, Várnai, Csilla, Dudley, Carmel, Leung, Wing, Baran, Yael, Mendelson Cohen, Netta, Wingett, Steven, Fraser, Peter, Tanay, Amos Chromosomes in proliferating metazoan cells undergo marked structural metamorphoses every cell cycle, alternating between highly condensed mitotic structures that facilitate chromosome segregation, and decondensed interphase structures that accommodate transcription, gene silencing and DNA replication. Here we use single-cell Hi-C (high-resolution chromosome conformation capture) analysis to study chromosome conformations in thousands of individual cells, and discover a continuum of cis... Show moreChromosomes in proliferating metazoan cells undergo marked structural metamorphoses every cell cycle, alternating between highly condensed mitotic structures that facilitate chromosome segregation, and decondensed interphase structures that accommodate transcription, gene silencing and DNA replication. Here we use single-cell Hi-C (high-resolution chromosome conformation capture) analysis to study chromosome conformations in thousands of individual cells, and discover a continuum of cis-interaction profiles that finely position individual cells along the cell cycle. We show that chromosomal compartments, topological-associated domains (TADs), contact insulation and long-range loops, all defined by bulk Hi-C maps, are governed by distinct cell-cycle dynamics. In particular, DNA replication correlates with a build-up of compartments and a reduction in TAD insulation, while loops are generally stable from G1 to S and G2 phase. Whole-genome three-dimensional structural models reveal a radial architecture of chromosomal compartments with distinct epigenomic signatures. Our single-cell data therefore allow re-interpretation of chromosome conformation maps through the prism of the cell cycle. Characterization Of The Icce Repea In Mammals Reveals An Evolutionary Relationship With The Dxz4 Macrosatellite Through Conserved Ctcf Binding Motifs. Westervelt, Natalia, Chadwick, Brian P. Appreciation is growing for how chromosomes are organized in three-dimensional space at interphase. Microscopic and high throughput sequence-based studies have established that the mammalian inactive X chromosome (Xi) adopts an alternate conformation relative to the active X chromosome. The Xi is organized into several multi-megabase chromatin loops called superloops. At the base of these loops are superloop anchors, and in humans three of these anchors are composed of large tandem repeat DNA... Show moreAppreciation is growing for how chromosomes are organized in three-dimensional space at interphase. Microscopic and high throughput sequence-based studies have established that the mammalian inactive X chromosome (Xi) adopts an alternate conformation relative to the active X chromosome. The Xi is organized into several multi-megabase chromatin loops called superloops. At the base of these loops are superloop anchors, and in humans three of these anchors are composed of large tandem repeat DNA that include DXZ4, Functional Intergenic Repeating RNA Element, and Inactive-X CTCF-binding Contact Element (ICCE). Each repeat contains a high density of binding sites for the architectural organization protein CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF) which exclusively associates with the Xi allele in normal cells. Removal of DXZ4 from the Xi compromises proper folding of the chromosome. In this study, we report the characterization of the ICCE tandem repeat, for which very little is known. ICCE is embedded within an intron of the Nobody (NBDY) gene locus at Xp11.21. We find that primary DNA sequence conservation of ICCE is only retained in higher primates, but that ICCE orthologs exist beyond the primate lineage. Like DXZ4, what is conserved is organization of the underlying DNA into a large tandem repeat, physical location within the NBDY locus and conservation of short DNA sequences corresponding to specific CTCF and Yin Yang 1 binding motifs that correlate with female-specific DNA hypomethylation. Unlike DXZ4, ICCE is not common to all eutherian mammals. Analysis of certain ICCE CTCF motifs reveal striking similarity with the DXZ4 motif and support an evolutionary relationship between DXZ4 and ICCE. FSU_libsubv1_wos_000446102700004, 10.1093/gbe/evy176 Cleavage Of The Sun-domain Protein Mps3 At Its N-terminus Regulates Centrosome Disjunction In Budding Yeast Meiosis. Li, Ping, Jin, Hui, Koch, Bailey A., Abblett, Rebecca L., Han, Xuemei, Yates, John R., Yu, Hong-Guo Centrosomes organize microtubules and are essential for spindle formation and chromosome segregation during cell division. Duplicated centrosomes are physically linked, but how this linkage is dissolved remains unclear. Yeast centrosomes are tethered by a nuclear-envelope-attached structure called the half-bridge, whose components have mammalian homologues. We report here that cleavage of the half-bridge protein Mps3 promotes accurate centrosome disjunction in budding yeast. Mps3 is a single... Show moreCentrosomes organize microtubules and are essential for spindle formation and chromosome segregation during cell division. Duplicated centrosomes are physically linked, but how this linkage is dissolved remains unclear. Yeast centrosomes are tethered by a nuclear-envelope-attached structure called the half-bridge, whose components have mammalian homologues. We report here that cleavage of the half-bridge protein Mps3 promotes accurate centrosome disjunction in budding yeast. Mps3 is a single-pass SUN-domain protein anchored at the inner nuclear membrane and concentrated at the nuclear side of the half-bridge. Using the unique feature in yeast meiosis that centrosomes are linked for hours before their separation, we have revealed that Mps3 is cleaved at its nucleus-localized Nterminal domain, the process of which is regulated by its phosphorylation at serine 70. Cleavage of Mps3 takes place at the yeast centrosome and requires proteasome activity. We show that noncleavable Mps3 (Mps3-nc) inhibits centrosome separation during yeast meiosis. In addition, overexpression of mps3-nc in vegetative yeast cells also inhibits centrosome separation and is lethal. Our findings provide a genetic mechanism for the regulation of SUN-domain protein-mediated activities, including centrosome separation, by irreversible protein cleavage at the nuclear periphery. FSU_libsubv1_wos_000404512600017, 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006830 Li, Ping, Jin, Hui, Koch, Bailey A, Abblett, Rebecca L, Han, Xuemei, Yates, John R, Yu, Hong-Guo Show moreCentrosomes organize microtubules and are essential for spindle formation and chromosome segregation during cell division. Duplicated centrosomes are physically linked, but how this linkage is dissolved remains unclear. Yeast centrosomes are tethered by a nuclear-envelope-attached structure called the half-bridge, whose components have mammalian homologues. We report here that cleavage of the half-bridge protein Mps3 promotes accurate centrosome disjunction in budding yeast. Mps3 is a single-pass SUN-domain protein anchored at the inner nuclear membrane and concentrated at the nuclear side of the half-bridge. Using the unique feature in yeast meiosis that centrosomes are linked for hours before their separation, we have revealed that Mps3 is cleaved at its nucleus-localized N-terminal domain, the process of which is regulated by its phosphorylation at serine 70. Cleavage of Mps3 takes place at the yeast centrosome and requires proteasome activity. We show that noncleavable Mps3 (Mps3-nc) inhibits centrosome separation during yeast meiosis. In addition, overexpression of mps3-nc in vegetative yeast cells also inhibits centrosome separation and is lethal. Our findings provide a genetic mechanism for the regulation of SUN-domain protein-mediated activities, including centrosome separation, by irreversible protein cleavage at the nuclear periphery. FSU_pmch_28609436, 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006830, PMC5487077, 28609436, 28609436, PGENETICS-D-17-00030 Coevolution Leaves A Weak Signal On Ecological Networks. Ponisio, Lauren C., M'Gonigle, Leithen K. One of the major challenges in evolutionary ecology is to understand how coevolution shapes species interaction networks. Important topological properties of networks such as nestedness and modularity are thought to be affected by coevolution. However, there has been no test whether coevolution does, in fact, lead to predictable network structure. Here, we investigate the structure of simulated bipartite networks generated under different modes of coevolution. We ask whether evolutionary... Show moreOne of the major challenges in evolutionary ecology is to understand how coevolution shapes species interaction networks. Important topological properties of networks such as nestedness and modularity are thought to be affected by coevolution. However, there has been no test whether coevolution does, in fact, lead to predictable network structure. Here, we investigate the structure of simulated bipartite networks generated under different modes of coevolution. We ask whether evolutionary processes influence network structure and, furthermore, whether any emergent trends are influenced by the strength or "intimacy" of the species interactions. We find that coevolution leaves a weak and variable signal on network topology, particularly nestedness and modularity, which was not strongly affected by the intimacy of interactions. Our findings indicate that network metrics, on their own, should not be used to make inferences about processes underlying the evolutionary history of communities. Instead, a more holistic approach that combines network approaches with traditional phylogenetic and biogeographic reconstructions is needed. FSU_libsubv1_wos_000400985300044, 10.1002/ecs2.1798 Collective Dispersal Leads To Variance In Fitness And Maintains Offspring Size Variation Within Marine Populations. Burgess, Scott C., Snyder, Robin E., Rountree, Barry Variance in fitness is well known to influence the outcome of evolution but is rarely considered in the theory of marine reproductive strategies. In coastal environments, turbulent mesoscale eddies can collect larvae into packets, resulting in collective dispersal. Larvae in packets return to the coast or are lost offshore in groups, producing variance in fitness. Using a Markov process to calculate fixation probabilities for competing phenotypes, we examine the evolution of offspring size... Show moreVariance in fitness is well known to influence the outcome of evolution but is rarely considered in the theory of marine reproductive strategies. In coastal environments, turbulent mesoscale eddies can collect larvae into packets, resulting in collective dispersal. Larvae in packets return to the coast or are lost offshore in groups, producing variance in fitness. Using a Markov process to calculate fixation probabilities for competing phenotypes, we examine the evolution of offspring size and spawning duration in species with benthic adults and pelagic offspring. The offspring size that provides mothers with the highest mean fitness also generates the greatest variance in fitness, but pairwise invasion plots show that bet-hedging strategies are not evolutionarily stable; maximizing expected fitness correctly predicts the unique evolutionarily stable strategy. Nonetheless, fixation can take a long time. We find that selection to increase spawning duration as a risk avoidance strategy to reduce the negative impacts of stochastic recruitment success can allow multiple offspring sizes to coexist in a population for extended periods. This has two important consequences for offspring size: (1) coexistence occurs over a broader range of sizes and is longer when spawning duration is longer because longer spawning durations reduce variation in fitness and increase the time to fixation, and (2) longer spawning durations can compensate for having a nonoptimal size and even allow less optimal sizes to reach fixation. Collective dispersal and longer spawning durations could effectively maintain offspring size variation even in the absence of good and bad years or locations. Empirical comparisons of offspring size would therefore not always reflect environment-specific differences in the optimal size. FSU_libsubv1_wos_000427588400006, 10.1086/695879 Collective epithelial cell sheet adhesion and migration on polyelectrolyte multilayers with uniform and gradients of compliance. Martinez, Jessica S, Schlenoff, Joseph B, Keller, Thomas C S Polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMUs) are tunable thin films that could serve as coatings for biomedical implants. PEMUs built layer by layer with the polyanion poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) modified with a photosensitive 4-(2-hydroxyethoxy) benzophenone (PAABp) group and the polycation poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH) are mechanically tunable by UV irradiation, which forms covalent bonds between the layers and increases PEMU stiffness. PAH-terminated PEMUs (PAH-PEMUs) that were uncrosslinked,... Show morePolyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMUs) are tunable thin films that could serve as coatings for biomedical implants. PEMUs built layer by layer with the polyanion poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) modified with a photosensitive 4-(2-hydroxyethoxy) benzophenone (PAABp) group and the polycation poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH) are mechanically tunable by UV irradiation, which forms covalent bonds between the layers and increases PEMU stiffness. PAH-terminated PEMUs (PAH-PEMUs) that were uncrosslinked, UV-crosslinked to a uniform stiffness, or UV-crosslinked with an edge mask or through a neutral density optical gradient filter to form continuous compliance gradients were used to investigate how differences in PEMU stiffness affect the adhesion and migration of epithelial cell sheets from scales of the fish Poecilia sphenops (Black Molly) and Carassius auratus (Comet Goldfish). During the progressive collective cell migration, the edge cells (also known as 'leader' cells) in the sheets on softer uncrosslinked PEMUs and less crosslinked regions of the gradient formed more actin filaments and vinculin-containing adherens junctions and focal adhesions than formed in the sheet cells on stiffer PEMUs or glass. During sheet migration, the ratio of edge cell to internal cell (also known as 'follower' cells) motilities were greater on the softer PEMUs than on the stiffer PEMUs or glass, causing tension to develop across the sheet and periods of retraction, during which the edge cells lost adhesion to the substrate and regions of the sheet retracted toward the more adherent internal cell region. These retraction events were inhibited by the myosin II inhibitor Blebbistatin, which reduced the motility velocity ratios to those for sheets on the stiffer PEMUs. Blebbistatin also caused disassembly of actin filaments, reorganization of focal adhesions, increased cell spreading at the leading edge, as well as loss of edge cell-cell connections in epithelial cell sheets on all surfaces. Interestingly, cells throughout the interior region of the sheets on uncrosslinked PEMUs retained their actin and vinculin organization at adherens junctions after treatment with Blebbistatin. Like Blebbistatin, a Rho-kinase (ROCK) inhibitor, Y27632, promoted loss of cell-cell connections between edge cells, whereas a Rac1 inhibitor, NSC23766, primarily altered the lamellipodial protrusion in edge cells. Compliance gradient PAH-PEMUs promoted durotaxis of the cell sheets but not of individual keratocytes, demonstrating durotaxis, like plithotaxis, is an emergent property of cell sheet organization. FSU_pmch_27292313, 10.1016/j.yexcr.2016.06.002, PMC4967014, 27292313, 27292313, S0014-4827(16)30143-4 Commentary: Epigenetic Regulation of Phosphodiesterases 2A and 3A Underlies Compromised beta-Adrenergic Signaling in an iPSC Model of Dilated Cardiomyopatyh. Cole, Lauren A., Dennis, Jonathan H., Chase, P. Bryant FSU_libsubv1_wos_000383760700001, 10.3389/fphys.2016.00418 Commentary: Epigenetic Regulation of Phosphodiesterases 2A and 3A Underlies Compromised β-Adrenergic Signaling in an iPSC Model of Dilated Cardiomyopathy.. Cole, Lauren A, Dennis, Jonathan H, Chase, P Bryant FSU_pmch_27721795, 10.3389/fphys.2016.00418, PMC5033966, 27721795, 27721795 Comparative analysis of glucagonergic cells, glia, and the circumferential marginal zone in the reptilian retina. Todd, Levi, Suarez, Lilianna, Squires, Natalie, Zelinka, Christopher Paul, Gribbins, Kevin, Fischer, Andy J Retinal progenitors in the circumferential marginal zone (CMZ) and Müller glia-derived progenitors have been well described for the eyes of fish, amphibians, and birds. However, there is no information regarding a CMZ and the nature of retinal glia in species phylogenetically bridging amphibians and birds. The purpose of this study was to examine the retinal glia and investigate whether a CMZ is present in the eyes of reptilian species. We used immunohistochemical analyses to study retinal... Show moreRetinal progenitors in the circumferential marginal zone (CMZ) and Müller glia-derived progenitors have been well described for the eyes of fish, amphibians, and birds. However, there is no information regarding a CMZ and the nature of retinal glia in species phylogenetically bridging amphibians and birds. The purpose of this study was to examine the retinal glia and investigate whether a CMZ is present in the eyes of reptilian species. We used immunohistochemical analyses to study retinal glia, neurons that could influence CMZ progenitors, the retinal margin, and the nonpigmented epithelium of ciliary body of garter snakes, queen snakes, anole lizards, snapping turtles, and painted turtles. We compare our observations on reptile eyes to the CMZ and glia of fish, amphibians, and birds. In all species, Sox9, Pax6, and the glucocorticoid receptor are expressed by Müller glia and cells at the retinal margin. However, proliferating cells were found only in the CMZ of turtles and not in the eyes of anoles and snakes. Similar to eyes of chickens, the retinal margin in turtles contains accumulations of GLP1/glucagonergic neurites. We find that filamentous proteins, vimentin and GFAP, are expressed by Müller glia, but have different patterns of subcellular localization in the different species of reptiles. We provide evidence that the reptile retina may contain nonastrocytic inner retinal glial cells, similar to those described in the avian retina. We conclude that the retinal glia, glucagonergic neurons, and CMZ of turtles appear to be most similar to those of fish, amphibians, and birds. FSU_pmch_26053997, 10.1002/cne.23823, PMC4659723, 26053997, 26053997 Comparative Genotype-phenotype Mapping Reveals Distinct Modes of Venom Expression Evolution in the Sympatric Eastern Diamondback Rattlesnake (Crotalus adamanteus) and Eastern Coral SSnake (Micrurus fulvius). Margres, Mark, McGivern, James J., Seavy, Margaret, Wray, Kenneth, Facente, Jack, Rokyta, Darin Selection is predicted to drive diversification within species and lead to local adaptation, but understanding the mechanistic details underlying this process, and thus the genetic basis of adaptive evolution, requires the mapping of genotype to phenotype. Venom is complex and involves many genes, but the specialization of the venom-gland towards toxin production allows specific transcripts to be correlated with specific toxic proteins, establishing a direct link from genotype to phenotype.... Show moreSelection is predicted to drive diversification within species and lead to local adaptation, but understanding the mechanistic details underlying this process, and thus the genetic basis of adaptive evolution, requires the mapping of genotype to phenotype. Venom is complex and involves many genes, but the specialization of the venom-gland towards toxin production allows specific transcripts to be correlated with specific toxic proteins, establishing a direct link from genotype to phenotype. To determine the extent of expression variation and identify the processes driving patterns of phenotypic diversity, we constructed genotype-phenotype maps and compared range-wide toxin-protein expression variation for two species of snake with nearly identical ranges: the eastern diamondback rattlesnake (Crotalus adamanteus) and the eastern coral snake (Micrurus fulvius). We detected significant expression variation in C. adamanteus, identified the specific loci associated with population differentiation, and found that loci expressed at all levels contributed to this divergence. Contrary to expectations, we found no expression variation in M. fulvius, suggesting that M. fulvius populations are not locally adapted. Our results not only linked expression variation at specific loci to divergence in a polygenic, complex trait, but also have extensive conservation and biomedical implications. Crotalus adamanteus is currently a candidate for Federal listing under the Endangered Species Act, and the loss of any major population would result in the irrevocable loss of a unique venom phenotype. The lack of variation in M. fulvius has significant biomedical application because our data will assist in the development of effective antivenom for this species. FSU_migr_bio_faculty_publications-0001, 10.1534/genetics.114.172437 Competing scaffolding proteins determine capsid size during mobilization of pathogenicity islands. Dearborn, Altaira D, Wall, Erin A, Kizziah, James L, Klenow, Laura, Parker, Laura K, Manning, Keith A, Spilman, Michael S, Spear, John M, Christie, Gail E, Dokland, Terje pathogenicity islands (SaPIs), such as SaPI1, exploit specific helper bacteriophages, like 80α, for their high frequency mobilization, a process termed 'molecular piracy'. SaPI1 redirects the helper's assembly pathway to form small capsids that can only accommodate the smaller SaPI1 genome, but not a complete phage genome. SaPI1 encodes two proteins, CpmA and CpmB, that are responsible for this size redirection. We have determined the structures of the 80α and SaPI1 procapsids to near-atomic... Show morepathogenicity islands (SaPIs), such as SaPI1, exploit specific helper bacteriophages, like 80α, for their high frequency mobilization, a process termed 'molecular piracy'. SaPI1 redirects the helper's assembly pathway to form small capsids that can only accommodate the smaller SaPI1 genome, but not a complete phage genome. SaPI1 encodes two proteins, CpmA and CpmB, that are responsible for this size redirection. We have determined the structures of the 80α and SaPI1 procapsids to near-atomic resolution by cryo-electron microscopy, and show that CpmB competes with the 80α scaffolding protein (SP) for a binding site on the capsid protein (CP), and works by altering the angle between capsomers. We probed these interactions genetically and identified second-site suppressors of lethal mutations in SP. Our structures show, for the first time, the detailed interactions between SP and CP in a bacteriophage, providing unique insights into macromolecular assembly processes. FSU_pmch_28984245, 10.7554/eLife.30822, PMC5644958, 28984245, 28984245, 30822 Comprehensive Nucleosome Mapping Of The Human Genome In Cancer Progression. Druliner, Brooke R., Vera, Daniel, Johnson, Ruth, Ruan, Xiaoyang, Apone, Lynn M., Dimalanta, Eileen T., Stewart, Fiona J., Boardman, Lisa, Dennis, Jonathan H. Altered chromatin structure is a hallmark of cancer, and inappropriate regulation of chromatin structure may represent the origin of transformation. Important studies have mapped human nucleosome distributions genome wide, but the role of chromatin structure in cancer progression has not been addressed. We developed a MNase-Transcription Start Site Sequence Capture method (mTSS-seq) to map the nucleosome distribution at human transcription start sites genome-wide in primary human lung and... Show moreAltered chromatin structure is a hallmark of cancer, and inappropriate regulation of chromatin structure may represent the origin of transformation. Important studies have mapped human nucleosome distributions genome wide, but the role of chromatin structure in cancer progression has not been addressed. We developed a MNase-Transcription Start Site Sequence Capture method (mTSS-seq) to map the nucleosome distribution at human transcription start sites genome-wide in primary human lung and colon adenocarcinoma tissue. Here, we confirm that nucleosome redistribution is an early, widespread event in lung (LAC) and colon (CRC) adenocarcinoma. These altered nucleosome architectures are consistent between LAC and CRC patient samples indicating that they may serve as important early adenocarcinoma markers. We demonstrate that the nucleosome alterations are driven by the underlying DNA sequence and potentiate transcription factor binding. We conclude that DNA-directed nucleosome redistributions are widespread early in cancer progression. We have proposed an entirely new hierarchical model for chromatin-mediated genome regulation. Construction and Optimization of a Large Gene Coexpression Network in Maize Using RNA-Seq Data. Huang, Ji, Vendramin, Stefania, Shi, Lizhen, McGinnis, Karen M With the emergence of massively parallel sequencing, genomewide expression data production has reached an unprecedented level. This abundance of data has greatly facilitated maize research, but may not be amenable to traditional analysis techniques that were optimized for other data types. Using publicly available data, a gene coexpression network (GCN) can be constructed and used for gene function prediction, candidate gene selection, and improving understanding of regulatory pathways.... Show moreWith the emergence of massively parallel sequencing, genomewide expression data production has reached an unprecedented level. This abundance of data has greatly facilitated maize research, but may not be amenable to traditional analysis techniques that were optimized for other data types. Using publicly available data, a gene coexpression network (GCN) can be constructed and used for gene function prediction, candidate gene selection, and improving understanding of regulatory pathways. Several GCN studies have been done in maize (), mostly using microarray datasets. To build an optimal GCN from plant materials RNA-Seq data, parameters for expression data normalization and network inference were evaluated. A comprehensive evaluation of these two parameters and a ranked aggregation strategy on network performance, using libraries from 1266 maize samples, were conducted. Three normalization methods and 10 inference methods, including six correlation and four mutual information methods, were tested. The three normalization methods had very similar performance. For network inference, correlation methods performed better than mutual information methods at some genes. Increasing sample size also had a positive effect on GCN. Aggregating single networks together resulted in improved performance compared to single networks. FSU_pmch_28768814, 10.1104/pp.17.00825, PMC5580776, 28768814, 28768814, pp.17.00825 Critical and direct involvement of the CD23 stalk region in IgE binding. Selb, Regina, Eckl-Dorna, Julia, Twaroch, Teresa E, Lupinek, Christian, Teufelberger, Andrea, Hofer, Gerhard, Focke-Tejkl, Margarete, Gepp, Barbara, Linhart, Birgit, Breiteneder... Show moreSelb, Regina, Eckl-Dorna, Julia, Twaroch, Teresa E, Lupinek, Christian, Teufelberger, Andrea, Hofer, Gerhard, Focke-Tejkl, Margarete, Gepp, Barbara, Linhart, Birgit, Breiteneder, Heimo, Ellinger, Adolf, Keller, Walter, Roux, Kenneth H, Valenta, Rudolf, Niederberger, Verena The low-affinity receptor for IgE, FcεRII (CD23), contributes to allergic inflammation through allergen presentation to T cells, regulation of IgE responses, and enhancement of transepithelial allergen migration. We sought to investigate the interaction between CD23, chimeric monoclonal human IgE, and the corresponding birch pollen allergen Bet v 1 at a molecular level. We expressed 4 CD23 variants. One variant comprised the full extracellular portion of CD23, including the stalk and head... Show moreThe low-affinity receptor for IgE, FcεRII (CD23), contributes to allergic inflammation through allergen presentation to T cells, regulation of IgE responses, and enhancement of transepithelial allergen migration. We sought to investigate the interaction between CD23, chimeric monoclonal human IgE, and the corresponding birch pollen allergen Bet v 1 at a molecular level. We expressed 4 CD23 variants. One variant comprised the full extracellular portion of CD23, including the stalk and head domain; 1 variant was identical with the first, except for an amino acid exchange in the stalk region abolishing the N-linked glycosylation site; and 2 variants represented the head domain, 1 complete and 1 truncated. The 4 CD23 variants were purified as monomeric and structurally folded proteins, as demonstrated by gel filtration and circular dichroism. By using a human IgE mAb, the corresponding allergen Bet v 1, and a panel of antibodies specific for peptides spanning the CD23 surface, both binding and inhibition assays and negative stain electron microscopy were performed. A hitherto unknown IgE-binding site was mapped on the stalk region of CD23, and the non-N-glycosylated monomeric version of CD23 was superior in IgE binding compared with glycosylated CD23. Furthermore, we demonstrated that a therapeutic anti-IgE antibody, omalizumab, which inhibits IgE binding to FcεRI, also inhibited IgE binding to CD23. Our results provide a new model for the CD23-IgE interaction. We show that the stalk region of CD23 is crucially involved in IgE binding and that the interaction can be blocked by the therapeutic anti-IgE antibody omalizumab. FSU_pmch_27343203, 10.1016/j.jaci.2016.04.015, PMC5321597, 27343203, 27343203, S0091-6749(16)30261-5 The Dead-box Protein Rok1 Orchestrates 40s And 60s Ribosome Assembly By Promoting The Release Of Rrp5 From Pre-40s Ribosomes To Allow For 60s Maturation. Khoshnevis, Sohail, Askenasy, Isabel, Johnson, Matthew C., Dattolo, Maria D., Young-Erdos, Crystal L., Stroupe, M. Elizabeth, Karbstein, Katrin DEAD-box proteins are ubiquitous regulators of RNA biology. While commonly dubbed "helicases," their activities also include duplex annealing, adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-dependent RNA binding, and RNA-protein complex remodeling. Rok1, an essential DEAD-box protein, and its cofactor Rrp5 are required for ribosome assembly. Here, we use in vivo and in vitro biochemical analyses to demonstrate that ATP-bound Rok1, but not adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-bound Rok1, stabilizes Rrp5 binding to 40S... Show moreDEAD-box proteins are ubiquitous regulators of RNA biology. While commonly dubbed "helicases," their activities also include duplex annealing, adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-dependent RNA binding, and RNA-protein complex remodeling. Rok1, an essential DEAD-box protein, and its cofactor Rrp5 are required for ribosome assembly. Here, we use in vivo and in vitro biochemical analyses to demonstrate that ATP-bound Rok1, but not adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-bound Rok1, stabilizes Rrp5 binding to 40S ribosomes. Interconversion between these two forms by ATP hydrolysis is required for release of Rrp5 from pre-40S ribosomes in vivo, thereby allowing Rrp5 to carry out its role in 60S subunit assembly. Furthermore, our data also strongly suggest that the previously described accumulation of snR30 upon Rok1 inactivation arises because Rrp5 release is blocked and implicate a previously undescribed interaction between Rrp5 and the DEAD-box protein Has1 in mediating snR30 accumulation when Rrp5 release from pre-40S subunits is blocked. FSU_libsubv1_wos_000378611200007, 10.1371/journal.pbio.1002480 Khoshnevis, Sohail, Askenasy, Isabel, Johnson, Matthew C, Dattolo, Maria D, Young-Erdos, Crystal L, Stroupe, M Elizabeth, Karbstein, Katrin FSU_pmch_27280440, 10.1371/journal.pbio.1002480, PMC4900678, 27280440, 27280440, PBIOLOGY-D-16-00944 Differential Regulation of Cyclin E by Yorkie-Scalloped Signaling in Organ Development. Shu, Zhiqiang, Deng, Wu-Min Tissue integrity and homeostasis are accomplished through strict spatial and temporal regulation of cell growth and proliferation during development. Various signaling pathways have emerged as major growth regulators across metazoans; yet, how differential growth within a tissue is spatiotemporally coordinated remains largely unclear. Here, we report a role of a growth modulator Yorkie (), the homolog of Yes-associated protein (YAP), that differentially regulates its targets in wing imaginal... Show moreTissue integrity and homeostasis are accomplished through strict spatial and temporal regulation of cell growth and proliferation during development. Various signaling pathways have emerged as major growth regulators across metazoans; yet, how differential growth within a tissue is spatiotemporally coordinated remains largely unclear. Here, we report a role of a growth modulator Yorkie (), the homolog of Yes-associated protein (YAP), that differentially regulates its targets in wing imaginal discs; whereby Yki interacts with its transcriptional partner, Scalloped (), the homolog of the TEAD/TEF family transcription factor in mammals, to control an essential cell cycle regulator Cyclin E (CycE). Interestingly, when Yki was coexpressed with Fizzy-related (), a endocycle inducer and homolog of Cdh1 in mammals, surrounding hinge cells displayed larger nuclear size than distal pouch cells. The observed size difference is attributable to differential regulation of CycE, a target of Yki and Sd, the latter of which can directly bind to regulatory sequences, and is expressed only in the pouch region of the wing disc starting from the late second-instar larval stage. During earlier stages of larval development, when Sd expression was not detected in the wing disc, coexpression of Fzr and Yki did not cause size differences between cells along the proximal-distal axis of the disc. We show that ectopic CycE promoted cell proliferation and apoptosis, and inhibited transcriptional activity of Yki targets. These findings suggest that spatiotemporal expression of transcription factor Sd induces differential growth regulation by Yki during wing disc development, highlighting coordination between Yki and CycE to control growth and maintain homeostasis. FSU_pmch_28143945, 10.1534/g3.117.039065, PMC5345706, 28143945, 28143945, g3.117.039065 Differential role of calpain-dependent protein cleavage in intermediate and long-term operant memory in Aplysia. Lyons, Lisa C, Gardner, Jacob S, Lentsch, Cassidy T, Gandour, Catherine E, Krishnan, Harini C, Noakes, Eric J In addition to protein synthesis, protein degradation or protein cleavage may be necessary for intermediate (ITM) and long-term memory (LTM) to remove molecular constraints, facilitate persistent kinase activity and modulate synaptic plasticity. Calpains, a family of conserved calcium dependent cysteine proteases, modulate synaptic function through protein cleavage. We used the marine mollusk Aplysia californica to investigate the in vivo role of calpains during intermediate and long-term... Show moreIn addition to protein synthesis, protein degradation or protein cleavage may be necessary for intermediate (ITM) and long-term memory (LTM) to remove molecular constraints, facilitate persistent kinase activity and modulate synaptic plasticity. Calpains, a family of conserved calcium dependent cysteine proteases, modulate synaptic function through protein cleavage. We used the marine mollusk Aplysia californica to investigate the in vivo role of calpains during intermediate and long-term operant memory formation using the learning that food is inedible (LFI) paradigm. A single LFI training session, in which the animal associates a specific netted seaweed with the failure to swallow, generates short (30min), intermediate (4-6h) and long-term (24h) memory. Using the calpain inhibitors calpeptin and MDL-28170, we found that ITM requires calpain activity for induction and consolidation similar to the previously reported requirements for persistent protein kinase C activity in intermediate-term LFI memory. The induction of LTM also required calpain activity. In contrast to ITM, calpain activity was not necessary for the molecular consolidation of LTM. Surprisingly, six hours after LFI training we found that calpain activity was necessary for LTM, although this is a time at which neither persistent PKC activity nor protein synthesis is required for the maintenance of long-term LFI memory. These results demonstrate that calpains function in multiple roles in vivo during associative memory formation. FSU_pmch_27913293, 10.1016/j.nlm.2016.11.018, PMC6179366, 27913293, 27913293, S1074-7427(16)30358-6 Differential serotonergic modulation across the main and accessory olfactory bulbs. Huang, Zhenbo, Thiebaud, Nicolas, Fadool, Debra Ann There are serotonergic projections to both the main (MOB) and the accessory olfactory bulb (AOB). Current-clamp experiments demonstrate that serotonergic afferents are largely excitatory for mitral cells (MCs) in the MOB where 5-HT receptors mediate a direct excitatory action. Serotonergic afferents are predominately inhibitory for MCs in the AOB. There are two types of inhibition: indirect inhibition mediated through the 5-HT receptors on GABAergic interneurons and direct inhibition via the... Show moreThere are serotonergic projections to both the main (MOB) and the accessory olfactory bulb (AOB). Current-clamp experiments demonstrate that serotonergic afferents are largely excitatory for mitral cells (MCs) in the MOB where 5-HT receptors mediate a direct excitatory action. Serotonergic afferents are predominately inhibitory for MCs in the AOB. There are two types of inhibition: indirect inhibition mediated through the 5-HT receptors on GABAergic interneurons and direct inhibition via the 5-HT receptors on MCs. Differential 5-HT neuromodulation of MCs across the MOB and AOB could contribute to select behaviours such as olfactory learning or aggression. Mitral cells (MCs) contained in the main (MOB) and accessory (AOB) olfactory bulb have distinct intrinsic membrane properties but the extent of neuromodulation across the two systems has not been widely explored. Herein, we investigated a widely distributed CNS modulator, serotonin (5-HT), for its ability to modulate the biophysical properties of MCs across the MOB and AOB, using an in vitro, brain slice approach in postnatal 15-30 day mice. In the MOB, 5-HT elicited three types of responses in 93% of 180 cells tested. Cells were either directly excited (70%), inhibited (10%) or showed a mixed response (13%)- first inhibition followed by excitation. In the AOB, 82% of 148 cells were inhibited with 18% of cells showing no response. Albeit located in parallel partitions of the olfactory system, 5-HT largely elicited MC excitation in the MOB while it evoked two different kinetic rates of MC inhibition in the AOB. Using a combination of pharmacological agents, we found that the MC excitatory responses in the MOB were mediated by 5-HT receptors through a direct activation. In comparison, 5-HT-evoked inhibitory responses in the AOB arose due to a polysynaptic, slow-onset inhibition attributed to 5-HT receptor activation exciting GABAergic interneurons. The second type of inhibition had a rapid onset as a result of direct inhibition mediated by the 5-HT class of receptors. The distinct serotonergic modulation of MCs between the MOB and AOB could provide a molecular basis for differential chemosensory behaviours driven by the brainstem raphe nuclei into these parallel systems. FSU_pmch_28229459, 10.1113/JP273945, PMC5451723, 28229459, 28229459 Dinosaur incubation periods directly determined from growth-line counts in embryonic teeth show reptilian-grade development. Erickson, Gregory M, Zelenitsky, Darla K, Kay, David Ian, Norell, Mark A Birds stand out from other egg-laying amniotes by producing relatively small numbers of large eggs with very short incubation periods (average 11-85 d). This aspect promotes high survivorship by limiting exposure to predation and environmental perturbation, allows for larger more fit young, and facilitates rapid attainment of adult size. Birds are living dinosaurs; their rapid development has been considered to reflect the primitive dinosaurian condition. Here, nonavian dinosaurian incubation... Show moreBirds stand out from other egg-laying amniotes by producing relatively small numbers of large eggs with very short incubation periods (average 11-85 d). This aspect promotes high survivorship by limiting exposure to predation and environmental perturbation, allows for larger more fit young, and facilitates rapid attainment of adult size. Birds are living dinosaurs; their rapid development has been considered to reflect the primitive dinosaurian condition. Here, nonavian dinosaurian incubation periods in both small and large ornithischian taxa are empirically determined through growth-line counts in embryonic teeth. Our results show unexpectedly slow incubation (2.8 and 5.8 mo) like those of outgroup reptiles. Developmental and physiological constraints would have rendered tooth formation and incubation inherently slow in other dinosaur lineages and basal birds. The capacity to determine incubation periods in extinct egg-laying amniotes has implications for dinosaurian embryology, life history strategies, and survivorship across the Cretaceous-Paleogene mass extinction event. Discovery of a Coregulatory Interaction between Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus ORF45 and the Viral Protein Kinase ORF36. Avey, Denis, Tepper, Sarah, Pifer, Benjamin, Bahga, Amritpal, Williams, Hunter, Gillen, Joseph, Li, Wenwei, Ogden, Sarah, Zhu, Fanxiu Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is the causative agent of three human malignancies. KSHV ORF36 encodes a serine/threonine viral protein kinase, which is conserved throughout all herpesviruses. Although several studies have identified the viral and cellular substrates of conserved herpesvirus protein kinases (CHPKs), the precise functions of KSHV ORF36 during lytic replication remain elusive. Here, we report that ORF36 interacts with another lytic protein, ORF45, in a manner... Show moreKaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is the causative agent of three human malignancies. KSHV ORF36 encodes a serine/threonine viral protein kinase, which is conserved throughout all herpesviruses. Although several studies have identified the viral and cellular substrates of conserved herpesvirus protein kinases (CHPKs), the precise functions of KSHV ORF36 during lytic replication remain elusive. Here, we report that ORF36 interacts with another lytic protein, ORF45, in a manner dependent on ORF36 kinase activity. We mapped the regions of ORF36 and ORF45 involved in the binding. Their association appears to be mediated by electrostatic interactions, since deletion of either the highly basic N terminus of ORF36 or an acidic patch of ORF45 abolished the binding. In addition, the dephosphorylation of ORF45 protein dramatically reduced its association with ORF36. Importantly, ORF45 enhances both the stability and kinase activity of ORF36. Consistent with previous studies of CHPK homologs, we detected ORF36 protein in extracellular virions. To investigate the roles of ORF36 in the context of KSHV lytic replication, we used bacterial artificial chromosome mutagenesis to engineer both ORF36-null and kinase-dead mutants. We found that ORF36-null/mutant virions are moderately defective in viral particle production and are further deficient in primary infection. In summary, our results uncover a functionally important interaction between ORF36 and ORF45 and indicate a significant role of ORF36 in the production of infectious progeny virions. Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is a human tumor virus with a significant public health burden. KSHV ORF36 encodes a serine/threonine viral protein kinase, whose functions throughout the viral life cycle have not been elucidated. Here, we report that ORF36 interacts with another KSHV protein, ORF45. We mapped the regions of ORF36 and ORF45 involved in their association and further characterized the consequences of this interaction. We engineered ORF36 mutant viruses in order to investigate the functional roles of ORF36 in the context of KSHV lytic replication, and we confirmed that ORF36 is a component of KSHV virions. Moreover, we found that ORF36 mutants are defective in virion production and primary infection. In summary, we discovered and characterized a functionally important interaction between KSHV ORF36 and ORF45, and our results suggest a significant role of ORF36 in the production of infectious progeny virions, a process critical for KSHV pathogenesis. FSU_pmch_27099309, 10.1128/JVI.00516-16, PMC4907238, 27099309, 27099309, JVI.00516-16 Distinct Tissue-specific Transcriptional Regulation Revealed By Gene Regulatory Networks In Maize. Huang, Ji, Zheng, Juefei, Yuan, Hui, McGinnis, Karen Background: Transcription factors (TFs) are proteins that can bind to DNA sequences and regulate gene expression. Many TFs are master regulators in cells that contribute to tissue-specific and cell-type-specific gene expression patterns in eukaryotes. Maize has been a model organism for over one hundred years, but little is known about its tissue-specific gene regulation through TFs. In this study, we used a network approach to elucidate gene regulatory networks (GRNs) in four tissues (leaf,... Show moreBackground: Transcription factors (TFs) are proteins that can bind to DNA sequences and regulate gene expression. Many TFs are master regulators in cells that contribute to tissue-specific and cell-type-specific gene expression patterns in eukaryotes. Maize has been a model organism for over one hundred years, but little is known about its tissue-specific gene regulation through TFs. In this study, we used a network approach to elucidate gene regulatory networks (GRNs) in four tissues (leaf, root, SAM and seed) in maize. We utilized GENIE3, a machine-learning algorithm combined with large quantity of RNA-Seq expression data to construct four tissue-specific GRNs. Unlike some other techniques, this approach is not limited by high-quality Position Weighed Matrix (PWM), and can therefore predict GRNs for over 2000 TFs in maize. Results: Although many TFs were expressed across multiple tissues, a multi-tiered analysis predicted tissue-specific regulatory functions for many transcription factors. Some well-studied TFs emerged within the four tissue-specific GRNs, and the GRN predictions matched expectations based upon published results for many of these examples. Our GRNs were also validated by ChIP-Seq datasets (KN1, FEA4 and O2). Key TFs were identified for each tissue and matched expectations for key regulators in each tissue, including GO enrichment and identity with known regulatory factors for that tissue. We also found functional modules in each network by clustering analysis with the MCL algorithm. Conclusions: By combining publicly available genome-wide expression data and network analysis, we can uncover GRNs at tissue-level resolution in maize. Since ChIP-Seq and PWMs are still limited in several model organisms, our study provides a uniform platform that can be adapted to any species with genome-wide expression data to construct GRNs. We also present a publicly available database, maize tissue-specific GRN (mGRN, https://www.bio.fsu.edu/mcginnislab/mgrn/), for easy querying. All source code and data are available at Github (https://github.com/timedreamer/maize_tissue-specific_GRN). FSU_libsubv1_wos_000434971800002, 10.1186/s12870-018-1329-y Diversification In Wild Populations Of The Model Organism Anolis Carolinensis: A Genome-wide Phylogeographic Investigation. Manthey, Joseph D., Tollis, Marc, Lemmon, Alan R., Lemmon, Emily Moriarty, Boissinot, Stephane The green anole (Anolis carolinensis) is a lizard widespread throughout the southeastern United States and is a model organism for the study of reproductive behavior, physiology, neural biology, and genomics. Previous phylogeographic studies of A. carolinensis using mitochondrial DNA and small numbers of nuclear loci identified conflicting and poorly supported relationships among geographically structured clades; these inconsistencies preclude confident use of A. carolinensis evolutionary... Show moreThe green anole (Anolis carolinensis) is a lizard widespread throughout the southeastern United States and is a model organism for the study of reproductive behavior, physiology, neural biology, and genomics. Previous phylogeographic studies of A. carolinensis using mitochondrial DNA and small numbers of nuclear loci identified conflicting and poorly supported relationships among geographically structured clades; these inconsistencies preclude confident use of A. carolinensis evolutionary history in association with morphological, physiological, or reproductive biology studies among sampling localities and necessitate increased effort to resolve evolutionary relationships among natural populations. Here, we used anchored hybrid enrichment of hundreds of genetic markers across the genome of A. carolinensis and identified five strongly supported phylogeographic groups. Using multiple analyses, we produced a fully resolved species tree, investigated relative support for each lineage across all gene trees, and identified mito-nuclear discordance when comparing our results to previous studies. We found fixed differences in only one clade-southern Florida restricted to the Everglades region-while most polymorphisms were shared between lineages. The southern Florida group likely diverged from other populations during the Pliocene, with all other diversification during the Pleistocene. Multiple lines of support, including phylogenetic relationships, a latitudinal gradient in genetic diversity, and relatively more stable long-term population sizes in southern phylogeographic groups, indicate that diversification in A. carolinensis occurred northward from southern Florida. FSU_libsubv1_wos_000387664500017, 10.1002/ece3.2547 Do Florida Harvester Ant Colonies (pogonomyrmex Badius) Have A Nest Architecture "plan?". Tschinkel, Walter R. FSU_libsubv1_wos_000398175200029, 10.1002/ecy.1739/suppinfo Do Sperm Really Compete And Do Eggs Ever Have A Choice? Adult Distribution And Gamete Mixing Influence Sexual Selection, Sexual Conflict, And The Evolution Of Gamete Recognition Proteins In The Sea. Levitan, Don R. The evolution of gametic compatibility and the effectiveness of compatibility, within and across species, depend on whether sperm from different males directly compete for an egg and whether eggs ever have a choice. Direct sperm competition and egg choice depend on whether sperm from different males arrive at an egg in the brief interval between first sperm contact and fertilization. Although this process may be relevant for all sexually reproducing organisms, it is most easily examined in... Show moreThe evolution of gametic compatibility and the effectiveness of compatibility, within and across species, depend on whether sperm from different males directly compete for an egg and whether eggs ever have a choice. Direct sperm competition and egg choice depend on whether sperm from different males arrive at an egg in the brief interval between first sperm contact and fertilization. Although this process may be relevant for all sexually reproducing organisms, it is most easily examined in aquatic external fertilizers. When sperm are released into the sea, packets of seawater at the spatial scale relevant to single eggs might contain sperm from only one male, eliminating the potential for direct sperm competition and egg choice. Field experiments and a simple heuristic model examining the degree of sperm mixing for the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus franciscanus indicate that degree of competitive fertilization depends on density and distribution of competing males and that the nature of this competition influences whether males with high- or low-affinity gamete recognition protein genotypes have higher reproductive success. These results provide a potential explanation for the generation and maintenance of variation in gamete recognition proteins and why effectiveness of conspecific sperm precedence can be density dependent. Dopamine: A Modulator Of Circadian Rhythms In The Central Nervous System. Korshunov, Kirill S., Blakemore, Laura J., Trombley, Paul Q. Circadian rhythms are daily rhythms that regulate many biological processes - from gene transcription to behavior - and a disruption of these rhythms can lead to a myriad of health risks. Circadian rhythms are entrained by light, and their 24-h oscillation is maintained by a core molecular feedback loop composed of canonical circadian ("clock") genes and proteins. Different modulators help to maintain the proper rhythmicity of these genes and proteins, and one emerging modulator is dopamine.... Show moreCircadian rhythms are daily rhythms that regulate many biological processes - from gene transcription to behavior - and a disruption of these rhythms can lead to a myriad of health risks. Circadian rhythms are entrained by light, and their 24-h oscillation is maintained by a core molecular feedback loop composed of canonical circadian ("clock") genes and proteins. Different modulators help to maintain the proper rhythmicity of these genes and proteins, and one emerging modulator is dopamine. Dopamine has been shown to have circadian-like activities in the retina, olfactory bulb, striatum, midbrain, and hypothalamus, where it regulates, and is regulated by, clock genes in some of these areas. Thus, it is likely that dopamine is essential to mechanisms that maintain proper rhythmicity of these five brain areas. This review discusses studies that showcase different dopaminergic mechanisms that may be involved with the regulation of these brain areas' circadian rhythms. Mechanisms include how dopamine and dopamine receptor activity directly and indirectly influence clock genes and proteins, how dopamine's interactions with gap junctions influence daily neuronal excitability, and how dopamine's release and effects are gated by low- and high-pass filters. Because the dopamine neurons described in this review also release the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA which influences clock protein expression in the retina, we discuss articles that explore how GABA may contribute to the actions of dopamine neurons on circadian rhythms. Finally, to understand how the loss of function of dopamine neurons could influence circadian rhythms, we review studies linking the neurodegenerative disease Parkinson's Disease to disruptions of circadian rhythms in these five brain areas. The purpose of this review is to summarize growing evidence that dopamine is involved in regulating circadian rhythms, either directly or indirectly, in the brain areas discussed here. An appreciation of the growing evidence of dopamine's influence on circadian rhythms may lead to new treatments including pharmacological agents directed at alleviating the various symptoms of circadian rhythm disruption. 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__label__cc	0.697301	0.302699	Orobanche corymbosa - (Rydb.) Ferris Flat-top Broomrape Synonym(s): Aphyllon corymbosum (Rydberg) A.C. Schneider Related ITIS Name(s): Orobanche corymbosa (Rydb.) Ferris (TSN 34287) French Common Names: orobanche variable Element Code: PDORO04040 Informal Taxonomy: Plants, Vascular - Flowering Plants - Broom-Rape Family Plantae Anthophyta Dicotyledoneae Scrophulariales Orobanchaceae Orobanche Name Used in Concept Reference: Orobanche corymbosa Taxonomic Comments: Comprised of two subspecies (Kartesz 1999). Global Status Last Reviewed: 16Jan1990 Global Status Last Changed: 16Jan1990 Rounded Global Status: G4 - Apparently Secure Reasons: Orobanche corymbosa occurs from southern British Columbia to California and Wyoming. National Status: N3 (13Nov2017) United States California (SNR), Idaho (SNR), Montana (S3S4), Nevada (SNR), Oregon (SNR), Utah (SNR), Washington (SNR), Wyoming (S1S2) Canada British Columbia (S3) United States CA, ID, MT, NV, OR, UT, WA, WY Canada BC MT Beaverhead (30001), Deer Lodge (30023), Granite (30039), Jefferson (30043), Madison (30057), Ravalli (30081) WY Park (56029), Sublette (56035), Teton (56039) 10 Red Rock (10020001)+, Ruby (10020003)+, Big Hole (10020004)+, Jefferson (10020005)+, Boulder (10020006)+, North Fork Shoshone (10080012)+, Shoshone (10080014)+ 14 Upper Green (14040101)+ 17 Flint-Rock (17010202)+, Bitterroot (17010205)+, Snake headwaters (17040101)+, Greys-Hobock (17040103)+ Ecology & Life History Diagnostic Characteristics: This species can be distinguished from the more common O. FASCICULATA by having shorter pedicels and two bractlets at the base of each flower. NatureServe Conservation Status Factors Edition Date: 17Oct2000 NatureServe Conservation Status Factors Author: Russo, M. (TNC WRO), 1/89; rev. B. MacBryde, 10/2000. Element Ecology & Life History Edition Date: 07Dec1994 Element Ecology & Life History Author(s): KAJ Douglas, G.W., D. Meidinger, and J. Pojar, eds. 1999. Illustrated Flora of British Columbia, Vol. 4, Dicotyledons (Orobanchaceae through Rubiaceae). B.C. Minist. Environ., Lands and Parks, and B.C. Minist. For., Victoria. 427pp. Heidel, B. L. 1995. Sensitive plant survey at the southern end of the Elkhorn Mountains, Broadwater and Jefferson Counties, Montana. Unpublished report to the Bureau of Land Management. Montana Natural Heritage Program, Helena, Montana. 12 pp. plus appendices. Kartesz, J.T. 1999. A synonymized checklist and atlas with biological attributes for the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. First edition. In: Kartesz, J.T., and C.A. Meacham. Synthesis of the North American Flora, Version 1.0. North Carolina Botanical Garden, Chapel Hill, N.C. Lesica, P. 1992. Vascular plant and sensitive plant species inventory for the Highland Mountains, Deerlodge National Forest. Unpublished report prepared for the Deerlodge National Forest. Montana Natural Heritage Program, Helena, MT. 21 pp. plus appendices, photographs. Schneider, A.C. 2016. Resurrection of the genus Aphyllon for New World broomrapes (Orobanche s.l., Orobanchaceae). PhytoKeys 75: 107-118	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line151
__label__cc	0.661522	0.338478	Putrajaya Landmark on the Hill Time capsules are a curious concept because it encapsulates a piece of history and throws it under the ground like dead corpses, like open secrets. Yet monuments are constructed above it to make sure they aren't forgotten. The Putrajaya Landmark - aka Putra Perdana Landmark or Mercu Tanda (whew!) - is such place. It was built to commemorate the birth of Putrajaya, an "Intelligent Garden City" with an intended population of 300,000 (but currently running 70,000). This was implanted by the visionary former Prime Minister - Tun Dr. Mahathir, the brains responsible for the economic upturn of Malaysia. This hilltop garden complex is part of the Taman Perdana Putra (Garden of the Prime Minister's Office) located down the hill, just across the street. I have to say that this garden has excellent winding tracks at the top, but the way down to the Waiting Shed (where you can hail your bus or taxi) and the Prime Minister's Office is through unmarked grassy downhill, and isn't particularly easy for seniors and the unfit adventurers. The landmark proudly stands at the end of an avenue of stairs and stately fountains; at the peak of which is the enviable 5-star Shangri-La Hotel where, I can only imagine a seasonal good occupancy. Click here for an image of the hotel: http://www.shangri-la.com/assets/C41BCF3E-1E23-4CFC-84FD-5156D1E68D5B.jpg The garden is well maintained despite the fact that there isn't a lot of people navigating this hilltop complex. In fact, for 30 minutes, I was the only one there (except for a gardener who was unmindful of my presence). There are benches strewn all over the area and when you just wanna sit back and think of nothing, you could think of thousands of places worse than this. Shangri-La Hotel, a 5-star boutique hotel, rises at the end of this boulevard. Up next: Rolling greens and winding tracks around Putra Perdana Garden. Posted by eye in the sky at 11:29 AM 6 comments: Links to this post Labels: eye in the blue sky, Malaysia, Prime Minister's Office Garden, Putrajaya Hill, Putrajaya Landmark Putrajaya - Birth of a New Federal City Have you heard of a place specifically designed and planned as a new city? Most metropolis naturally grow and flourish, taking a life of its own. But few cities are exactly conceptualized from scratch. I know of Brazil’s capital – Brasilia, which was planned and developed in 1956 (and shaped like a butterfly or an airplane). It became Brazil’s capital in 1960 and is home to 3.4 million people. (Rio de Janeiro has 14.3 million.) I also know of Canberra who, in 1908, became the capital of Australia as a compromise between Melbourne and Sydney (I specifically remembered this from my friend Helen’s stories). The population is surprising spare at about 360,000. Closer to the archipelago is Myanmar’s new capital, Naypyidaw, elected by its military junta after dethroning Yangon as it’s queen city. It was moved 300 kilometers north of Yangon, and is still set to be completed next year (2012). Tourists aren’t allowed to visit the capital, but I was fortunate enough to have awakened from my deep slumber in the wee hours of the morning as my bus navigated the road from Mandalay back to Yangon. It felt like a dream then – this was a city bathed with a hundred lights. I literally had to pinch myself as my bus unobtrusively careened through Myanmar’s immaculate, albeit clinically barren streets. In Malaysia, it is the city of Putrajaya! Putra Bridge (above) and the hill towards the Putrajaya Landmark (below). The first time I was here – not so long ago when I was still too green to be adequately confident with my travel choices, Putrajaya was in its incipient stages. There wasn’t much to see, except the jaw-droppingly awesome showcase buildings of Malaysia’s government offices. After all, Putrajaya’s raison d’etre is as the country’s Federal Administrative Capital located some 30 kilometers south of KL. To decongest the city, this was where government offices were located. The juiciest rumors circulating then was that the seed money in its evolution originated from the deep pockets of Bill Gates, who also supplemented construction of Putrajaya’s twin-city – Cyberjaya, not so far from here. True enough, everything in Putrajaya looked new. Each building was designed following traditional Malay influences admixed with modern architectural form. The hybrid end-product is quite fetching to the senses. Heck, even its surrounding lake is man-made! It was about 60% completed the first time I was here. But this time around, the city has come alive (population – 70,000). Fountains, landmarks and new buildings are still under construction, but basic “city life” has already settled into common place functionality. Putrajaya Landmark up the Putra Perdana Gardens. NAMING A CITY “Putrajaya” is word play that literally means "princes' (putra) success (jaya)". Officially, the site is named in homage to Malaysia's first prime minister, Tunku Abdul Rahman Putra, but Wikipedia mentions that it's also a tip of the hat towards the "princes of the soil" (bumiputra), a euphemism for ethnic Malays (as opposed to the richer Chinese minority) and one of the key concepts of Malaysia's affirmative action program. Putrajaya is one of the only three self-governing federal territories aside from KL and the controversial island of Labuan that was started in 1993, and officially moved in 1999 as the nation’s federal capital (covering a vast 4,931 hectares). TRAIN TO PUTRAJAYA My latest visit started early with a McDonald’s breakfast in KL. From Pasar Seni station, I took the Rapid KL train to KL Sentral (which is just one stop, at 1 ringgit or $0.32). I changed trains and hopped into a KLIA Transit train (9.50 ringgit) to Putrajaya Sentral. Even the train station (Putra Sentral) has come alive. It used to be eerily deserted; you could run around naked without much concern for spectators. I took the escalator down the station where a row of local buses await. These would take me to the city's different “sectors”, and a convenient take-off point to nearby Cyberjaya (a new city designed to house the IT industry). TAKING THE BUS I took Bus no. 100 (no. 300 was also an option), paid 50 cents ($0.16), and told the driver I wanted to see the pink-domed Putra Mosque which I missed last visit. This particular bus couldn't take me directly to the mosque. I was instructed to alight from a waiting shed facing a hill, then take a leisurely walk towards Putra Mosque. The good news - I could visit Putrajaya Hill on my way to the mosque to see the Putrajaya Landmark. The Perdana Putra (Prime Minister's Office) is also in the vicinity. Taman Putra Perdana (in Precinct 1) is beautifully landscaped. From the waiting shed, I crossed the street and started my climb up the hill which was pleasant (there were no stairs so I stepped through coiffed grass). Except for a gardener trimming the hedges, I had the place to myself. This garden provided the best views in town. Last time I was here some 3 or 4 years ago, this wasn’t even a tourist sight yet. How fast this city has evolved. At the apex of the park stands Putrajaya Landmark – Mercu Tanda- shaped like Merlin’s wizard hat, glistening in silver (or tinfoil)! There was a row of fountains directly facing the landmark. From here, you could see the city sprawl – high rise residential edifices, the Putra Bridge, the skeletal marvel of Seri Wawasan Bridge, the sinewy lakes. It was exhilarating to be catching my breath after the climb, and getting rewarded with such view. Money and inspired planning made this city, that’s for sure. I was headed to the Putra Mosque, but at that particular moment, I found my favorite spot in Putrajaya. Seri Wawasan Bridge as seen from the Perdana Putra Garden from the hill. Prime Minister's Office (Putra Perdana) Putra Mosque A popular steward at the Putra Mosque becomes an unexpected celebrity. Everyone wanted a photograph with him. If you're inappropriately clothed (shorts, skirts showing knees, skimpy tops), you will be required to wear these pink gowns if you are to enter the mosque. Justice Ministry Perbadanan Putrajaya or Putrajaya Corporation (PPJ) is a local authority which administers Putrajaya. PPJ is responsible for public health and sanitation, waste removal and management, town planning, environmental protection and building control, social and economic development and general maintenance functions of urban infrastructure. It's probably equivalent to Metro Manila Development Authority (MMDA). KLIA Transit to Putrajaya Sentral at 9.50 ringgit ($3.10 or PhP135.70). Up next: Prime Minister’s Palace, Putra Mosque, and more Posted by eye in the sky at 2:53 AM 2 comments: Links to this post Labels: eye in the sky blog, Mosque, Putra Bridge, Putra Mosque, Putrajaya Landmark, Putrajaya Malaysia, Seri Wawasan Bridge, Taman Putra Perdana Mother and Child at the That Ing Hang - Savannakhet Tales Lao Wats (buddhist temples) are community institutions bearing the responsibility of performing certain rituals that ensure the prosperity of a community. This includes summoning good health for the people and the fecundity of the farm lands. These practices aren’t too remote from Catholic practices – like sending dozens of crates of eggs to a nunnery to ensure good weather during a celebration or feast; celebratory offerings for special intentions like making the grade or getting your romantic feelings reciprocated; even prayerful congregations for the souls of the departed. I arrived in That Ing Hang’s halcyon bewilderment, feeling relaxed and grateful that I once again made it to one of South Laos’ holiest temple grounds. That buddha once rested here – leaning against a tree, while convalescing from a sickness, I was awash with contemplation. After paying my entrance fee, I noticed the very few people coming in – mostly women, bearing offerings. I have none on my hand, but a camera and a curious demeanor. I have a few intentions to whisper – I know someone might just be listening; just for safe travels. A Lao woman carrying her child spoke to her in a tender voice, her tone in a sacharine singsong, motherly and comforting, I wish I understood Lao. The little girl, decked in pink dress and bunny head band, stared at her mother. She was holding a pair of white tulips, while her mom was clutching a pyramidal offering made of coconut-leaf. Such offerings are ordinary day opportunities to gain “boon” (merits). According to Laovoices.com, “Flowers will bring in beauty”. The “lotus” is one of the 8 auspicious symbols in buddhist household and public art. It represents the primordial purity of the body, speech and mind, floating above the muddy waters of “attachment” and “desire”. The ultimate goal is the full blossoming of wholesome deeds in blissful liberation. “Nirvana” should stand along this concept. Confucian scholar Zhou Dunyi once wrote, “I love the lotus because while growing from mud, it is unstained!” Savannakhet allows backpackers to slow down. Despite some other people’s frenetic itinerary, there’s no way other than immersing in the laidback nature of this place. It is quite – “shockingly quiet!” as one traveler described it. I like that, but sometimes you do feel that Savannakhet needs a little shaking to nudge its people from its somnolence. After all, a border town (Thailand's Mukdahan is just across the Mekong) should be bustling with activity, instead of being slumbering while the rest of the world is moving in frenzied motion. South Laos Journeys here: - Don Kho: http://eye-in-the-blue-sky.blogspot.com/2012/02/temple-on-island-called-don-kho-church.html - Chasing Water Falls and Ethnic Tribes at the Bolaven Plateau - http://eye-in-the-blue-sky.blogspot.com/2012/02/chasing-waterfalls-ethnic-tribes-nature.html - Magic and Beauty at the Bolaven Plateau - http://eye-in-the-blue-sky.blogspot.com/2012/03/bolaven-plateaus-magic-spellbound-in.html - Whispery Temples and Smiling Monks in Pakse - http://eye-in-the-blue-sky.blogspot.com/2012/03/pakse-tales-whispery-temples-smiling.html - Pakse to Champasak Town - http://eye-in-the-blue-sky.blogspot.com/2012/03/pakse-to-champasak-town-lost-in.html - Lost in a Slumbering Paradise - http://eye-in-the-blue-sky.blogspot.com/2012/03/pakse-to-champasak-town-lost-in.html Labels: boon, Buddha, buddhist offerings, eye in the blue sky blog, Lotus, Savannakhet Laos, That Ing Hang That Ing Hang in Savannakhet - Buddha's Spine in South Laos It had been a long journey from Vientiane, the Lao capital, to Savannakhet – 470 kilometers, to be exact. It must have been the bus number that clued me in – Bus no. 6666 – that the trip would freeze every crevice of my body. What did they say about "hell freezing over?" Since our 8:45 PM departure, it had been a bitterly cold ride, the AC went unregulated. I tried to sleep through my misery, but it was a shallow sleep, despite a very comfortable seat at the top deck of my bus. I had the best seat as I was facing the windshield - no obstruction, but darkness crept through our ride. We reached Savannakhet slumbering in the wee hours – 4:30 AM. The view from my front seat didn’t help much. As our vehicle slid through places, I couldn’t venture an impression for everything was bathed in pitch darkness. I was only aware of the abundance of foliage, none else! I alighted from my bus and saw some unoccupied benches at the almost deserted bus station. There was a flickering light at the unmanned ticket booth. Everywhere else was dim, almost to its creepy witching-hour veneer. Walking around in solitary darkness, when you could hear each stride that you take, offers a surreal experience. For a few moments, I half expected itinerant souls pinching me to signify that I wasn't the only one who's wide awake at 4:30. Once left with nothing else to do, I lazily pulled my luggage until it plopped carelessly on top of a bench. I decided later to look for a guest house at the break of dawn when people were possibly awake. For now, at least, there’s a bench where I could lie down for an hour or two. The station – with its 3 other occupants in dreamland – felt like a safe haven. Later that day, after finding Leena’s Guest House, right through secluded Chow Kim Road, I asked my tuktuk driver to pick me up at 8 AM. We negotiated on a price – 100,000 kip ($12.50) return. I was going to visit the second holiest religious edifice in South Laos (after Wat Phu Champasak). It's called That Ing Hang! “That" or "Thaat”, in Laos, refers to a “Buddhist stupa”. Thaat Ing Hang is said to have been built in the mid-16th century, rising 9 meters from the ground. Like most sacred sites in Indochina, the site is steeped with history: Buddha is believed to have stopped here when he was sick while roaming the ancient lands. He rested by leaning (“ing”) on a Hang Tree – thus “Ing Hang”. A relic of Buddha’s spine is believed to be kept inside the “thaat”. This particular stupa has been restored by the French in 1930. It is located about 15 kilometers northeast of the city center (Savan). My ride to Ing Hang was pleasant. We passed through houses that looked deserted; through a roundabout with a couple of huge dinosaur statues standing guard beside a city monument. Along the way, I noticed stalls selling what would be temple offerings, not unlike incense, flowers, fruits; but these were conical things wrapped in coconut leaves. I've only seen such offerings here in Laos. My tuktuk parked right in front of the ground walls. After paying 5,000 kip ($0.60) for my entrance, I made tentative steps towards a square compound: each of the 4 sides are lined by uniform gleaming buddhas, and right at the center is the stupa. It isn’t as visually impressive as I thought it would be, but you feel piety all around. At some point, women weren’t allowed inside. There weren’t a lot of people, and like most sights in Laos, there were no bothersome touts either. It doesn’t take much to roam the compound. And I was pleased to have made my journey there. Lonely Planet's description doesn't quite match what I saw, thus I was somehow asking myself if this indeed was Ing Hang. A guy on his way out, so I asked him and he nodded. That was a relief! Somehow, it felt like a place waiting to be visited. It's modest size imparted a sense of intimacy, which I liked. Special sights too far removed from the madding crowd gives me a sense of empowerment. A tourist as inconsequential as myself has stepped on lands where Buddha used to roam. That, to me, is a little bit of magic! A parade of medium-sized buddhas line every four corners of this holy compound. The way out! Labels: eye in the sky blog, relic of buddha's spine, Savannakhet Laos, Thaat Ing Hang NAIA Terminal 3 - Domestic Pre-Departure Shops (Updated 2018) Part 5 of 5 Victoria's Secret and MAC are open from 2AM to 8PM daily. We've decided to update this post that features shops and services being offered by the Domestic Pre-departure area of NAIA 3, which we last updated in 2014, to provide information for the travelers. It's important to be aware that the predeparture area has 2 floors. Gates 130 and above have boarding gates at the lower ground floor through an escalator and elevator. From the security check, the shops at the left side include the following: Victoria secret, MAC, Airmall with has a Krispy Kreme booth, a Globe sim card) booth, Panda Panda, Heroes Lounge by PAGSS, Chaikofi, Cinnabon, Mrs. Fields and Tsim Sha Tsui, which has a gorgeous mural (see first photo above) for your Instagram-worthy selfies. At the center aisle, there are booths as well: near the security check is OtterBox-certified Drop Protection booth for cell phone cases (there used to be a KASE shop which has since closed shop); Spoofs for humor shirts; Samurai Japanese food shop which sells interesting Japanese favorites like okonomiyaki, gyoza, takoyaki and sukiyakidon; Turks shawarma stall; Jamaican Pattie Shop, Ferino's Bibingka if you want a taste of Pinoy rice cakes; and Siomai King. Airmall and Krispy Kreme Open from 2AM to 6PM daily. Panda Panda offers a 2-for-1 meal. Pick 2 viands with rice for P180. With a soft drink, you're set back by P250. Tokyo Milk Cheese Factory is one of the newer shops. Drop Protection phone cases are OtterBox-certified. In case you didn't know, OtterBox products are world renowned. OtterBox is a privately owned consumer electronics accessory company based in Fort Collins, Colorado that produces water resistant, shock resistant, and drop resistant cases for smart phones. Humor in SPOOFS shirts SPOOFS shirts Samurai Japanese Food shop Siomai King Ferino's Bibingka shop Watch and Fly mostly sells sunglasses and watches. Islands Souvenirs (above and below) National Bookstore (above and below) KR Express No more ice cream from Arts Cafe. The shop has closed shop. At the right side row, the following shops can be seen: The Cocoa Tree, Bath and Body Works, Beauty to Go, Watch and Fly (which has eyeglasses); Islands Souvenirs for your souvenir shirts; Sunnies Studios booth; National Bookstore; KR (Kopiroti) Express, which sells convenience-store items; and Belgian Waffles. There is a Money Exchange Counter near Panda Panda, open from 2AM to 6PM. Cinnabon is beside Mrs. Field's Cafe. There's a GetGo booth near the hallway leading to the WC's. Pondohan sells chips and a smorgasbord of items from candies to cigarettes a la sari sari store. Rajah Maynila offers affordable rice meals like beef pares at P89, luglug at P99. They have 2 long tables (no chair beside their stall) just across gate 117. They also offer arroz caldo and Pinoy kakanins like puto, kutsinta, etc. We recommend the delicious sapin-sapin at P45 per piece. Rajah Maynila' s delectable treats. Foreign palates have to taste Rajah Maynila's sapin-sapin at P45 a piece. There's a Muhlach Ensaymada stand (owned by former child actor Nino Muhlach). Fruitas juice bar (Fresh From Babot's Farm) if you're into fresh fruit shakes (P45 for a small glass) ; Johnn Lemon (a juice bar); a new shop called INbento; Filipino Rice Toppings has a limited number of tables serving chorizo, longganisa, tapa, chicken for their rice meals; Henlin; then Kape Manila. You have listless tykes with you? Take them to Kiddie Travelers Lounge (KTL) that looks colorful and inviting for children 1 to 5 years of age but there are rules to follow for its use. Children and accompanying adults must wear socks inside. They cannot take bags and luggage inside. Toys cannot be taken outside the play area. Three year olds should have guardians with them. Changing diapers is not allowed inside. Breastfeeding Station is strictly for nursing mothers and their child. Each guest is allowed to stay inside for just 30 minutes. The station has a limit of 5 nursing mothers. Strollers and luggage are not allowed inside. There are about 5 phone charging stations scattered all over. For smokers, there's Stop and Fly Smoking Lounge. A relatively new shop is Feliz Comer for your "pasalubong" (gift) needs like cashew nuts, buko chocolates, polvoron, and mango tarts. Near the end of the hallway is CD-R King - they have digital accessories and those neck pillows selling for P400. Finally, there's Stress Away Massage (see rates below). Stress Away Massage is a massage facility near Gate 120. Rates: whole body massage 1 hour - P1000; half hour - P500. Chair massage (foot, leg and scalp) for 30 minutes at P500. Gate 120 is the hallway's last gate at the extreme end. This shop sells Filipino Rice Toppings. Henlin Kape Manila offers hot meals which, as per experience, takes a while to prepare. Kiddie Travelers Lounge for 1 to 5 years old - and must wear socks inside. Lounge Regulations at the KTL. Infant Feeding Station or Lactation Room limits to 5 lactating mothers and their child. House rules at the Breastfeeding Station. Feliz Comer CD-R King has digital accessories. Stress Away Massage There are more shops in the vicinity of Gates 130/131 to 134 (go down the escalator to level 1 predeparture and boarding gates). Other shops at the ground floor level: Army Navy Burger + Burrito, Mrs. Fields (the 2nd shop in the pre-departure area), a Nescafe Point, Siloam Day Spa, Jamba Juice and Krispy Kreme (a bigger, more proper shop). The chairs at the waiting area have been arranged in rows of two's with 4-chairs each. This provides more space to walk around in compared to the "cordoned" arrangement of the past. AVOID MARY GRACE CAFE And just so you avoid delays, if you're taking a meal or snack at the Food Court outside, we feel we need this special mention. Avoid Mary Grace Cafe. The place is messy. The servers take forever to serve you and they forget orders. GETTING CONGESTED While operations in T3 have gone full throttle, it's becoming clear that what was once a relaxing "space" is now starting to resemble a madhouse. In fact, there's hardly a space for me to wait one time I was en route to Bacolod. There were no seats available, no space to even stand for the wait. New arrangement of the chairs near Gate 130 as of March 2014. Army Navy Burger + Burrito is open until 6PM. The second Mrs. Fields cookie shop in the pre-departure area. Nescafe Point is open from 7:30AM to 8PM. EBG Convenience Store with pricey drinks. There are pay phone units near "Stop n Fly". These phone units accept credit cards (Visa, Mastercard and Amex), coins and PLDT call cards. Cinnabon (above and below) Mrs. Fields Cafe - beside it is the stair that leads to Gate 116. Art's Cream Gallery has closed shop. Check out Basic Information on NAIA 3 here: http://eye-in-the-blue-sky.blogspot.com/2009/08/naia-terminal-3-manila.html More on NAIA 3 - http://eye-in-the-blue-sky.blogspot.com/2010/02/more-naia-terminal-3-and-rude-skies-of.html NAIA 3 2011 Departure Hall and Services - http://eye-in-the-blue-sky.blogspot.com/2011/02/naia-terminal-3-departure-hall-up-close.html Airport Terminal, Left Luggage and Viewing Gallery - http://eye-in-the-blue-sky.blogspot.com/2012/11/naia-terminal-3-part-6-blessed-john.html Covered Parking - http://eye-in-the-blue-sky.blogspot.com/2014/09/naia-terminal-3-covered-parking.html Pondohan stands beside the Rajah Maynila stall. "Kape Manila" sells rice meals, and they have comfortable tables. This is located near gate 120. For specific inquiries, here are some important telephone numbers and email addresses at T3: Airport Trunkline +63.2.877-7888 Terminal Manager +63.2.666-1513 tm.3@miaa.gov.ph Asst. Terminal Manager +63.2.425-2262 atm.3@miaa.gov.ph Terminal Operations +63.2.666-1512 to.3@miaa.gov.ph Concierge +63.2.666-1474 conc.3@miaa.gov.ph Lost & Found +63.2.877-7888 loc.8139 iid@miaa.gov.ph Bureau of Animal Industry +63.2.877-7888 loc.8238/8239 quarantine_bai@yahoo.com Bureau of Customs +63.2.877-7888 loc.8127/8197 info@customs.gov.ph Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources +63.2.877-7888 loc.8238/8239 bfarmfdc@bfar.gov.ph Bureau of Immigration +63.2.877-7888 loc.8128/8187 xinfo@immigration.gov.ph Bureau of Plant Industry +63.2.877-7888 loc.8238/8239 buplant@yahoo.com Bureau of Quarantine +63.2.877-7888 loc.8125/8193 info@quarantine.doh.gov.ph DENR Wildlife Traffic Monitoring Unit +63.2.877-7888 loc.8238/8239 denrncr_wtmu@yahoo.com Philippine Overseas Employment Adminnistration +63.2.877-7888 loc.8051 info@poea.gov.ph Tourism Infrastructure and Enterprise Zone Authority +63.2.877-7888 loc.8159 Customer Relations Center +63.2.823-0669 crc@miaa.gov.ph Passenger & Customer Relations +63.2.877-7888 loc. 8044 pao@miaa.gov.ph Terminal Administration +63.2.877-7888 loc. 8074 t3admin@miaa.gov.ph Terminal Security & Safety +63.2.877-7888 loc. 8129 tss@miaa.gov.ph Terminal Engineering +63.2.877-7888 te3@miaa.gov.ph Posted by eye in the sky at 12:22 PM 2 comments: Links to this post Labels: avoid Mary Grace Cafe, domestic predeparture, eye in the sky blog, leisure, lifestyle, NAIA 3, Ninoy Aquino International Airport Terminal 3, Philippines, shopping, Shops NAIA Terminal 3 Departure Hall Up Close and Impers... NAIA Terminal 3 Shopping Complex & Dining Center (... NAIA Terminal 3 - Getting Through the Pre-Departur... NAIA Terminal 3 - Domestic Pre-Departure Shops (Up... That Ing Hang in Savannakhet - Buddha's Spine in S... Mother and Child at the That Ing Hang - Savannakhe...	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line152
__label__wiki	0.887183	0.887183	‘Game of Thrones: Season 7, Episode 4: The Spoils of War’ - TV Analysis Forget the Battle of the Bastards, the Battle of the Loot Train is my new favorite thing. In fact, let’s take this episode in reverse order, because the last twenty minutes was the second best fight scene in the series. (And damn, the best fight scene in the series was in the middle twenty minutes, but more on that!) This episode was not only in the top five of episodes EVER, topping the three that preceded it in the season, but contained so many beautiful moments. Let’s look at this episode, end to beginning. Blaine the Mono: Machines Tired of Living in Dark Fiction and ‘The Dark Tower’ To commemorate the cinematic premiere of The Dark Tower in theaters today, Fanbase Press is excited to celebrate its fandom through an editorial series that focuses on aspects of Stephen King’s series of books, collectively known as The Dark Tower series. “It seemed that even the dead would run from Blaine if they could.” Stephen King - The Waste Lands The Terror of Technology in ‘The Dark Tower’ “…All is forgotten in the stone halls of the dead. Behold the stairways which stand in darkness; behold the rooms of ruin. These are the halls of the dead, where the spiders spin and the great circuits fall quiet, one by one”. —Eddie Dean, The Wastelands, The Dark Tower III ‘Game of Thrones: Season 7, Episode 3: The Queen’s Justice’ - TV Analysis “I’ve done my part - I brought fire and ice together.” It’s Time for Fanbase Press’ SDCC 2017 Giveaway! Enter to Win! - WINNERS ANNOUNCED WINNERS ANNOUNCED BELOW Dear Fanbase Press Readers: The Fanbase staff has fully recovered from the geek pilgrimage that is San Diego Comic-Con, and, as usual, we brought a ton of exciting swag home to share with fans who were unable to make it to the con-of-all-cons this year! ‘Game of Thrones: Season 7, Episode 2: Stormborn’ - TV Analysis The title of the episode is one of Daenerys’ designations. She is “stormborn,” so named as the night of her birth a terrible storm ravaged Dragonstone, the ancient home of the Targaryens, her current headquarters, and the biggest motherlode of dragonglass in Westeros. Enter to Win a ‘DC SuperHero Girls’ Prize Pack from Fanbase Press’ Geeky Parent Guide - WINNER ANNOUNCED At San Diego Comic-Con 2017, the Fanbase Press staff had a chance to chat with the cast and creative team of the DC SuperHero Girls' latest film, Brain Drain. (Stay tuned to the Fanbase Press website for the interview coverage!) In honor of the film's upcoming release, Fanbase Press - in association with our Geeky Parent Guide series - would like to share an exciting and exceptional giveaway for a DC SuperHero Girls prize pack to fans everywhere! ‘Game of Thrones: Season 7, Episode 1: Dragonstone’ - TV Analysis A tangential note before we begin: This episode premiered the day George Romero passed away. Romero was a remarkable filmmaker and a kind human being who made movies in Pittsburgh, PA, away from Hollywood. In this episode of GoT, I could not help but think of his influence on our culture when we saw the Night King leading an army of the frozen dead towards the wall – if there had been no Night of the Living Dead and Dawn of the Dead, then popular culture would be very different. Raise a glass to the man who gave us the modern zombie and so many other fascinating and enjoyable films. In Memoriam: George A. Romero, 1940 – 2017 In 1981, San Diego Comic-Con held its fourteenth convention, bringing in 5,000 attendees. Over 35 years later, the event is about to celebrate its 50th show with attendance being over 170,000 fans celebrating all aspects of pop culture. If using SDCC is a barometer of fandom, it has certainly grown and evolved since 1981. Jon Armstrong’s ‘Comic Amazement’ Takes Home Audience Choice Awards from Hollywood Fringe 2017 After a phenomenal run at the 2017 Hollywood Fringe Festival, world-renowned magician Jon Armstrong’s Jon Armstrong: Comic Amazement has been named an Audience Choice Award Winner and received a “Double Sweet” rating from theatre publication Better Lemons for its overwhelming positive reviews from both audiences and critics alike.	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line155
__label__wiki	0.632002	0.632002	Carroll Shelby Dies at the Age of 89 Speedy Go Carroll Shelby, the man behind one the most revered nameplates in automotive history, passed away on May 10, 2012 at the age of 89. Shelby was famous for such cars as the Shelby Cobra sports car and for his many projects with the Ford Mustang. “Carroll is sort of like the car world’s Mickey Mantle or Willie Mays,” Jay Leno once told The New York Times back in 2003. “Unlike so many racers, he didn’t come from a rich family, so he signifies that Everyman, common-sense ideal. When I was a kid, American cars were big, clunky things, until Carroll used his ingenuity to make them compete with European cars.” Initially a racer that won the 24 Hours of Le Mans in France, becoming the second American-born driver to ever do so, Shelby’s name became infamous with the introduction of the Cobra in 1962. When Ford created the Mustang in 1964, the man was specifically asked to create a special, high-performance version for racing. The rest, as they say, is history. Shelby was also involved heavily in the creation of the Dodge Viper and Ford GT supercar, credentials that were also considered with his induction into the International Motor Sports Hall of Fame in 1992. The legacy of Shelby carries on with the Carroll Shelby International organization, which will continue to make high-performance Mustangs and contribute to motorsports and aftermarket tuning industries. Related Topics:Dodge ViperFord Mustang Check Out Andy Murray’s New Jaguar I-Pace Two-time Wimbledon champion Andy Murray has gone electric, fulfilling a promise he made a few months earlier. Murray made a commitment to “go electric” and become one of the first Jaguar I-Pace customers on World Environment Day, and he wasn’t kidding. Panasonic Jaguar Racing driver and fellow WWF ambassador Nelson Piquet Jr. delivered him an I-Pace at his training camp just in time for World Environment Day on June 6. He stated: “It’s important we all take small steps to live a more sustainable life and think about the actions we can make to look after our planet. This is one of the reasons I’m making the switch to driving Jaguar’s new all-electric I-Pace. It’s clean and safe, but also has the world class design and sports performance that suits my lifestyle.” Unlike the Chevrolet Bolt and Nissan LEAF, the Jaguar I-Pace is proof that you don’t have to sacrifice power or performance when you switch to electric. In addition to looking athletic, it’s fast and can travel up to 240 miles (386 km) on a single charge. Kia Niro EV Concept Previews Kia’s Long-Range Electric CUV For those that like or are even considering getting the Kia Niro plugin hybrid, but want more electrification, the Kia Niro EV Conept is a preview of what’s to come. Unveiled at the 2018 Consumer Electronics Expo, the full-electric crossover is just a concept, but Kia has already stated a specific range of 238 miles (383 km), which, as it turns out, is the exact same range that the Chevrolet Bolt EV launched with. A coincidence? The Korean automaker isn’t the type to play games, so likely not. New, 2017 Kia Niro Brings Hybrid Tech To Small SUV Segment The elimination of an international combustion engine renders a traditional grille unnecessary, with the Niro EV featuring a smooth interactive display panel instead. It is powered by powered by a next-generation electric vehicle powertrain that pairs a 64 kWh lithium-polymer battery pack with a 150 kW electric motor. Designers opted for a minimalistic interior boasting new technologies, including an advanced pedestrian warning system that uses multiple front-view cameras, object-recognition technology and front speakers to detect and alert pedestrians or cyclists of the car’s presence. The system also uses the grille-mounted display to provide visual communication. The production Kia Niro EV will be one of the first long-range crossovers available when it launches, as well as just one of 16 new green vehicles that Kia will introduce by 2025, including a new hydrogen-powered, fuel-cell electric vehicle sometime in 2020. Guess Who Got A Lamborghini Huracan? The Pope! As the “holiest of holy men”, Pope Francis has been living big and is often the recipient of some rather lavish gifts. Lamborghini for one gave him a brand-new, custom-designed Huracán LP 580-2 supercar! Finished in Monocerus White with Tiberio Yellow accents all around — the official colors of the Vatican — the rear-wheel drive, 580-horsepower Huracán was handed over to the Pope in a special ceremony held in Vatican City. 10 Amazing Facts About the Lamborghini Huracan Performante Someone of such stature doesn’t much use for an Italian supercar, not to mention Vatican City is far too small and crowded for crazy speeds and drifting. He appears very content with his 1984 Renault 4 anyways. Instead, Pope Francis sent his Lamborghini Huracan to be auctioned off, with the proceeds going to three sperate charities. A base price of approximately $200,000 makes the Huracán 580-2 the most affordable Lamborghini. However, the fact that this example has been signed and blessed by the Pope has undoubtedly shot its value through the roof. Still, just imagine driving on the Nurburgring and seeing Pope Francis speed by you in a Lamborghini… www.220km.com	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line156
__label__cc	0.513371	0.486629	Dominion General Discussion > Which Cards Are Most Luck-Dependent? Pages: 1 [2] 3 All Author Topic: Which Cards Are Most Luck-Dependent? (Read 10584 times) Re: Which Cards Are Most Luck-Dependent? Quote from: chwhite on June 04, 2012, 03:50:03 pm Quote from: WanderingWinder on June 04, 2012, 01:16:20 pm CR stats in terms of overall card effectiveness are pretty meaningless. I couldn't disagree more. While CR stats are not perfect, it's not like any other evidence we have at our disposal (primarily simulation and individual games) is perfect either. CR stats are usually in the ballpark of "correct" and if you're careful with them (i.e. understanding WHY Silver has such a high "Win Rate Without") they're basically always useful. Well, I suppose I should say next to meaningless, rather than straight meaningless. But just because the other options have big flaws doesn't mean that this is better. I have no idea what you mean by 'CR stats are usually in the ballpark of "correct"'. I mean, they're absolutely correct, as far as I know. They don't lie. It's just, they only tell you what they tell you, and you really can't read all that much out of them. 'People buy card X all the time' does NOT mean that it's a good card. It means it's a popular card. "People win all the time when they get diadem" does NOT mean it's exceptionally good, or that it's the third-best prize. Correlation does not imply causality here. If anything, the winrates of how people do when they get cards tell me more about how the card is overrated or underrated than how good the card is. Now, in large bulk, you can get very vague generalizations out of the stats here, from the community's winrates as a whole. The top cards TEND to be better than the bottom cards. BUT this doesn't mean that it's true in any particular case. I mean, even in your post, you're doing this. You say that you have to understand WHY silver has a great win rate without. It's because among isotropic-ers, the people who ignore silver entirely TEND to be building a very successful engine. But how do we know that? Not from the stats. We know that because we already know it. Like, loan has a low winrate without. Does this mean that we should be preferring loan to silver all the time? The stats suggest that. But it's not such a hot idea. You have to analyze things apart from the stats to get anything useful. And in this case, you can get basically all that usefulness WITHOUT the stats. So they're not that useful really at all. But the bigger thing is that all the time you quote your own "effect with(out)" stats as evidence that a card is good or bad. But that is TOTALLY wrong. What those tell us is that YOU are better/worse with/without the card, against the people you play against, in comparison to the 'average' isotropic player, against the people they play against. Which is to say, it tells us jack squat about how good the card is in general, let alone on a specific board. So you have great tournament numbers. Fine. But that does not tell us that tournament is a good card. It tells us that you're good with it, maybe. Definitely nothing more than that. The same thing, but to a lesser extent, to your own personal win with/without and given availability stats (or mine, or anyone else's); it just doesn't tell you anything about the card objectively. chwhite It's not wrong per se, though sure it is incomplete, as it is one data point among many. If most high-level players have good effects with Tournament, then that would certainly be evidence that tournament is a high skill card, and if most such players had negative effects, then I'd take that as evidence that it's a high luck card. You're right that just one person is not enough to make sweeping generalizations, but if we could filter Popular Buys by level, then we'd get a much better and more useful picture. To that end... let's pan out just a little wider. Here are the current top 10 players on Isotropic, with effects with and without for two cards. The first one is Tournament, a strong card that most people consider to be unacceptably high-luck but which I've been defending. The other card is Mountebank, a similarly strong card which I would expect to be much more high-luck. What can we see? Player Tourn E/W Tourn E/WO Mount E/W Mount E/WO WanderingWinder -0.79 2.62 0.36 0.80 -Stef- 1.83 N/A (!) -0.40 0.33 Marin -1.59 N/A (!) -1.50 32.56(!!!!!) Obi Wan Bonogi -3.23 0.96 -3.17 1.39 jonts26 -0.69 0.68 -0.67 2.21 Fabian 0.25 1.29 -0.69 2.39 chwhite 1.15 0.68 -2.40 0.36 AVeryHappyFish 0.81 -0.96 -1.15 1.11 ARTjoMS 0.01 -1.85 -0.42 1.31 RomaNorgy -1.68 1.07 -2.08 0.69 What I found was a lot more small sample size oddities than expected. Stef and Marin appear to have bought Tournament every single game, and Marin appears to be 1-0 in games where he skipped the Mountebank, leading to that ridiculous Effect Without. And those are just the most egregious things. Smaller oddities crop up when you look closer: Obi Wan Bonogi has a horrible Effect With for Tournament, so that's a possible data point for it being a luck-heavy card- except that Obi has far fewer Tournament games than anything which isn't Governor, Possession, or Hinterlands, leading me to the conclusion that he's probably vetoed it a lot and maybe hasn't bothered to develop Tournament strategy to the extent he has for other cards. Also of interest: somehow AVeryHappyFish has only bought Mountebank 69.6% of the time, still with a positive Effect Without. That's some impressive avoidance. But anyway, what I'm seeing is a lot more consistent for Mountebank than Tournament. All the top players have a negative Effect With for Mountebank except for you, and everyone does better when they avoid it. The "effect without" unanimity can be explained, of course, by the fact that since we all know Mountebank is such a strong card, we only avoid it when there's a good alternative/counter, which is not the case for Isotropic at large. But the fact that most top players have negative Effects With is, I think, evidence for the proposition that it's a card which is, in some way or another, anti-skill. Tournament is more all over the map. There's a tendency towards negative Effects With and positive Effects Without, but it's not so nearly pronounced as Mountebank. Looking at these numbers (in conjunction with the real-game experience of myself and others, of course), I'm willing to say that Tournament is probably more luck-intensive than the average card, but it's far from the worst offender. And also that Stef and Marin should try skipping it someday. « Last Edit: June 04, 2012, 05:59:59 pm by chwhite » To discard or not to discard? That is the question. werothegreat Shuffle iT Username: werothegreat Let me tell you a secret... Quote from: Captain_Frisk on June 04, 2012, 10:32:56 am Finally - some bad cards that are random, but generally bad so its hard to have rage. You take back what you said about Pirate Ship! I've won using Pirate Ships several times. Contrary to popular belief, I do not run the wiki all on my own. There are plenty of other people who are actively editing. Go bother them! Check out this fantasy epic adventure novel I wrote, the Broken Globe! http://www.amazon.com/Broken-Globe-Tyr-Chronicles-Book-ebook/dp/B00LR1SZAS/ I intend to respond to chwhite's stuff in a bit, both on the stats front and also on the tournament front. But I want to jump in now, while I don't have much time, and say that I don't think tribute is particularly good. Just not nearly in the class of bad of the other cards Captain Frisk mentioned. Axxle Most Valuable Serial Killer Smaller oddities crop up when you look closer: Obi Wan Bonogi has a horrible Effect With for Tournament, so that's a possible data point for it being a luck-heavy card- except that Obi has far fewer Tournament games than anything which isn't Governor, Possession, or Hinterlands, leading me to the conclusion that he's probably vetoed it a lot and maybe hasn't bothered to develop Tournament strategy to the extent he has for other cards. Isn't that because he plays a lot of Colony games, which make Tournament less effective (meaning he isn't as comfortable with it when he does buy it) We might be from all over the world, but "we all talk this one language : +1 card + 1 action +1 buy , gain , discard, trash... " - RTT Tribute is not bad. If you aren't running a tight ship on actions it's quite good in an engine, and is very very good in BM with light trashing. rrenaud Uncivilized Barbarian of Statistics Here is a nice empirical definition of luck driven cards. Cards which are the most luck driven are the ones that make player based winner prediction the most difficult. This is directed mainly at chwhite, but also at everyone. First off, on the stats: You talk about having small sample size effects. You do realize that the 'I have only skipped it in 5 games' isn't the only small sample size issue here, right? Like, those 10 players have what, 50k games? Or something? That's actually not a huge sample to start with, but then you switch it over to adding in they have to have yea-so-many with the card in question... it becomes sketchy. But then the bigger thing is that I have, personally, over 10.5 thousand Iso games. Those come against so many different opponents on so many different boards at some many different points in my skill level, from first and from second position, and they all just get lumped together. So but the biggest thing here is opposition. I have tons and tons of games against level 20- players. And I have tons and tons of games against 40+ players. And almost certainly, my mix of cards that I get in against these different opponents is pretty different. The issue here is that absolutely every one of these stats is based off of winrate. So first of all, my winrate is way more dependant on the strength of my opposition than most anything else around, including the specific cards present. So I have pretty bad effects with Hinterlands cards. Why? I'll tell you - mostly, it's because these are the newest cards, and it's most recently that I've been playing thousands of games against the other strongest of the strong. So even if I may be actually playing better now, just looking at winrate, it looks like I'm playing worse. Because I win less. But that's not on the cards I get, or the skill I'm showing, but mostly 'cause my opponents are better now. It's the same reason my level keeps going up as my winrate keeps going down. Now, what does that mean? Well it means there's pretty big incongruities and biases in your data, which is going to largely invalidate it. And yes, over large sample size, this should even out, BUT... I think we're well, well off from that. On top of the effect with(out) numbers being totally skewed if you don't account for how often the things are bought, and also that your opponents very often buy the same cards you do when you buy them, which skews the numbers again. Now tournament. Tournament, I have long held, is a card that takes a lot of skill to play, but which also is one of the swingier cards in the game. It's not the swingiest (which I think is swindler, even above treasure map), but it's up there. Now why do I hate tournament? Do my tournaments get blocked and/or do my opponent's? This is the same issue, almost exactly that mountebank has. Mountebank itself is pretty swingy, and this subsumes most of its luck just right there, which isn't even close to the biggest thing about it. Ok. Now, I agree with you, you can really build a deck around getting your tournaments to go off, and basically this means an engine. But before we even get to the main issues there, let's talk about when there's no viable engine. So here, you very often just skip the tourney if there's a good BM option out there. But your opponent can get lucky and hit (a la treasure map) and while you're not lost, it puts you in a very difficult situation. But okay, let's say you're building that awesome engine. Now your opponent can still spike an early 8 for a province, or play a more BMish thing, hit early, or just block your tournaments which really slow your build-up, and again, you're backfooted, even though you're playing right. But okay, finally, and this is the really big thing. I know that I need to play an engine, you know that engine is the way to go, we both do it, invariably one of us gets to the key prize first and... unlike with most engines, that's basically just it, because I have no recourse to make this advantage back up later. And unlike most cases where I have no recourse, the game is going to go on for a good while longer while I get pummeled, because it's not that you've beaten me to the mega-turn. And there's LOTS of luck (lots of P1 too, but lots and lots of luck) as to who hits first. You probably don't want to wait to get the province until you can reliably draw your whole deck to buy province, because that'll be too late. So maybe you're drawing half your deck, or probably a little more. Okay, that means there's like a 30% chance or something that you hit in any given turn (you have to draw the tourney with the province before you play the tourney, and you have to worry about other tourneys getting blocked... eh, it's going to be higher than this sometimes, but probably not more than 60% or so, at least very early on), and the same for your opponent. Okay... that's pretty swingy as to who gets it first. So I mean, this is way better than if you've built it poorly, and you have, like a 10% chance on any given shuffle, let along turn. But that's still a lot of luck. And it's just so very frustrating to get your door punded in by followers, a curser AND discarder, or to get your usually-a-peddler turned into nothing. So that's why it's among the handful of my least favourite cards. And I don't know about the other top players in general, though I do know Marin has often told me he absolutely hates it. So I thought about the councilroom problem and I think I have an answer of what you could shoot for if you wanted to build a filter. For every two players X and Y, where X has won most of the games he played against Y (I think councilroom doesn't store ranks from certain points in time so this is the best reference point), look at the games where Y "upset" X. The cards contained in that game are more likely to be variant cards. It's a really weak correlation but I think that should work with sufficiently massive available information. I'd like to say, niche cards that some players understand at high or low levels that do not correspond closely to the level at which they understand the game in general, such niche cards will appear and mirror variant cards. If the skill with those cards is sufficiently "arbitrary" that it behaves like a random variable. For thought experiment, suppose that every game involving Cutpurse, the players played a game of Starcraft at the beginning, and whoever wins the game has his Cutpurse miss the reshuffle. I happen to have played Starcraft before, so I would have a better chance of beating ehunt if Cutpurse is on the board. Cutpurse is just one card so his inability to play Starcraft is not a reflection on his skill as a whole, it's not even wrong of him to neglect his study of Cutpurse/Starcraft because it's unlikely to appear at any point in time. And of course, I also have a better chance of beating ehunt if a truly variant card is on the board, because I'm going to make poorer decisions than he. Anyway, I think such a Councilroom filter would find both variant cards and niche cards. I'm not sure how to filter out the niche cards, but I think we can make some guesses at what they are (Possession is both variant and niche, Tournament is both variant and niche, Swindler is pure variant, Inn is likely niche, but not variant.) Quote from: timchen on September 04, 2015, 11:17:32 am Also you probably are an expert if you buy two bureaucrats early. blueblimp Quote from: popsofctown on June 06, 2012, 02:23:39 pm I actually did exactly this a while ago: http://forum.dominionstrategy.com/index.php?topic=1521.msg28157#msg28157. The results were a mixed bag. Sometimes they looked meaningful, sometimes not. I think we should be open to the data challenging our expectations. I think the data filtering is totally legitimate. Remember what I said about niche cards? Duke is probably there as a niche. Adventurer represents people who understand Dominion as a whole. I don't know what to think of smithy, I haven't played a board weak enough where I needed to buy it in quite sometime. It might have ended up filtering down to only pure BM/Smithy games. Pearl Diver and other weak cards scored high too. That's probably just measuring that less skill is required to play 8 card kingdoms etc. So... the stats only tell us stuff if we filter out lots of stuff based on what we already know -> basically the stats tell us nothing. But it makes us sound like we have evidence when we pick and choose the stuff that seems to agree with us. No. I'm arguing that Duke is ranked first, which creates a meaningful biconditional, "Duke is a variant card or Duke is a specialized card". I conjecture that it's a specialized card, it could be variant. It has to be one of the two, though. Possession is neither variant nor specialized, so accusations that Possession is variant are false. This is from sample of 2.5 M iso games. code is here: https://github.com/rrenaud/dominionstats/commit/600047addfc61a9aa1ee7d53cc454ca01eef60d8 data is here: http://councilroom.com/card_luck2.txt.bz2 format is reasonably simple to figure out, name1 : level1 : name2 : level2 : win_prob_for_winner : supply1,supply2,... The measure is how hard a time trueskill had at predicting the winner, measured in conditional entropy given a card was in the supply. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conditional_entropy Goons 0.689 ± 0.002 Colony 0.694 ± 0.001 Platinum 0.694 ± 0.001 Bishop 0.695 ± 0.002 Ambassador 0.695 ± 0.002 Grand Market 0.696 ± 0.002 Black Market 0.696 ± 0.002 Worker's Village 0.697 ± 0.002 Chapel 0.697 ± 0.002 Peddler 0.698 ± 0.002 Young Witch 0.698 ± 0.003 Expand 0.699 ± 0.002 Masquerade 0.699 ± 0.002 Hunting Party 0.699 ± 0.002 Witch 0.700 ± 0.002 Ghost Ship 0.700 ± 0.002 Hamlet 0.700 ± 0.002 Mountebank 0.700 ± 0.002 Minion 0.700 ± 0.002 King's Court 0.700 ± 0.002 Sea Hag 0.700 ± 0.002 City 0.700 ± 0.002 Scrying Pool 0.700 ± 0.002 Menagerie 0.700 ± 0.002 Festival 0.701 ± 0.002 Torturer 0.701 ± 0.002 Steward 0.701 ± 0.002 Apprentice 0.701 ± 0.002 Familiar 0.701 ± 0.003 Forge 0.701 ± 0.002 Walled Village 0.702 ± 0.002 Trade Route 0.702 ± 0.002 Fishing Village 0.702 ± 0.002 Tournament 0.702 ± 0.002 Village 0.703 ± 0.002 Quarry 0.703 ± 0.002 Market 0.703 ± 0.002 Mint 0.703 ± 0.002 Ill-Gotten Gains 0.703 ± 0.003 University 0.703 ± 0.002 Pirate Ship 0.703 ± 0.002 Ironworks 0.703 ± 0.002 Upgrade 0.703 ± 0.002 Talisman 0.703 ± 0.002 Bridge 0.704 ± 0.002 Great Hall 0.704 ± 0.002 Vineyard 0.704 ± 0.002 Outpost 0.704 ± 0.002 Scheme 0.704 ± 0.003 Remake 0.704 ± 0.002 Border Village 0.704 ± 0.003 Remodel 0.704 ± 0.002 Warehouse 0.704 ± 0.002 Thief 0.704 ± 0.002 Salvager 0.704 ± 0.002 Wharf 0.705 ± 0.002 Spice Merchant 0.705 ± 0.003 Haven 0.705 ± 0.002 Mining Village 0.705 ± 0.002 Farming Village 0.705 ± 0.002 Rabble 0.705 ± 0.002 Contraband 0.705 ± 0.002 Potion 0.706 ± 0.001 Workshop 0.706 ± 0.002 Bazaar 0.706 ± 0.002 Fairgrounds 0.706 ± 0.002 Woodcutter 0.706 ± 0.002 Native Village 0.706 ± 0.002 Alchemist 0.706 ± 0.002 Watchtower 0.706 ± 0.002 Horse Traders 0.707 ± 0.002 Throne Room 0.707 ± 0.002 Fortune Teller 0.707 ± 0.002 Governor 0.707 ± 0.003 Lookout 0.707 ± 0.002 Mine 0.707 ± 0.002 Archivist 0.707 ± 0.038 Spy 0.707 ± 0.002 Apothecary 0.708 ± 0.002 Farmland 0.708 ± 0.003 Monument 0.708 ± 0.002 Tactician 0.708 ± 0.002 Smugglers 0.708 ± 0.002 Loan 0.708 ± 0.002 Transmute 0.708 ± 0.002 Envoy 0.708 ± 0.002 Inn 0.708 ± 0.003 Venture 0.708 ± 0.002 Crossroads 0.708 ± 0.003 Militia 0.708 ± 0.002 Nomad Camp 0.708 ± 0.003 Trading Post 0.708 ± 0.002 Duke 0.708 ± 0.002 Wishing Well 0.708 ± 0.002 Bureaucrat 0.708 ± 0.002 Secret Chamber 0.708 ± 0.002 Bank 0.708 ± 0.002 Herbalist 0.708 ± 0.002 Pawn 0.708 ± 0.002 Horn of Plenty 0.708 ± 0.002 Royal Seal 0.708 ± 0.002 Nobles 0.708 ± 0.002 Cartographer 0.709 ± 0.003 Mandarin 0.709 ± 0.003 Counting House 0.709 ± 0.002 Vault 0.709 ± 0.002 Harvest 0.709 ± 0.002 Highway 0.709 ± 0.003 Island 0.709 ± 0.002 Explorer 0.709 ± 0.002 Navigator 0.709 ± 0.002 Saboteur 0.709 ± 0.003 Cellar 0.709 ± 0.002 Coppersmith 0.709 ± 0.002 Shanty Town 0.709 ± 0.002 Pearl Diver 0.709 ± 0.002 Conspirator 0.709 ± 0.002 Cutpurse 0.709 ± 0.002 Feast 0.709 ± 0.002 Moneylender 0.709 ± 0.002 Laboratory 0.710 ± 0.002 Margrave 0.710 ± 0.003 Courtyard 0.710 ± 0.002 Develop 0.710 ± 0.003 Jester 0.710 ± 0.002 Hoard 0.710 ± 0.002 Philosopher's Stone 0.710 ± 0.002 Tunnel 0.710 ± 0.003 Haggler 0.710 ± 0.003 Tribute 0.710 ± 0.002 Baron 0.710 ± 0.002 Harem 0.710 ± 0.002 Fool's Gold 0.710 ± 0.003 Gardens 0.710 ± 0.002 Possession 0.710 ± 0.003 Adventurer 0.710 ± 0.002 Silk Road 0.710 ± 0.003 Oracle 0.710 ± 0.003 Scout 0.710 ± 0.002 Stash 0.711 ± 0.002 Oasis 0.711 ± 0.003 Golem 0.711 ± 0.002 Council Room 0.711 ± 0.002 Stables 0.711 ± 0.003 Moat 0.711 ± 0.002 Noble Brigand 0.711 ± 0.003 Swindler 0.711 ± 0.002 Embargo 0.712 ± 0.002 Caravan 0.712 ± 0.002 Chancellor 0.712 ± 0.002 Treasury 0.713 ± 0.002 Duchess 0.713 ± 0.003 Treasure Map 0.713 ± 0.002 Library 0.713 ± 0.002 Smithy 0.713 ± 0.002 Trader 0.713 ± 0.003 Merchant Ship 0.714 ± 0.002 Lighthouse 0.714 ± 0.002 Cache 0.714 ± 0.003 Jack of All Trades 0.714 ± 0.003 Embassy 0.714 ± 0.003 cherdano Hah, I knew why I didn't post in this thread! I think this conditional entropy measures a combination of two things: - How much skills on kingdoms involving this card is correlated to skills overall, and - to what extend skills on kingdoms involving this card affect the outcome. For example, maybe Merchant Ship or Cache are partly up there because good players don't realize how good it is? It's interesting that we all missed out on Embassy and JoaT. With Embassy it might be a combination of two things: - It really simplifies the game if BM+Embassy is the best strategy. - The luck related to Embassy is a bit more subtle - $P2 instead of $P3 on a familiar board on turn 4 is more dramatic than drawing Embassy on turn 3 or turn 4 - and quite a bit of the large swing only comes late in the game (big difference whether we get to that Embassy on the last reshuffle). JoaT? Maybe just that the game become too simple? Hinterlands cards are probably high in that ranking list since they are the latest expansion. High ranked players will have lost games while learning the cards and then played comparatively few games afterwards to rebalance the stats. Quote from: DG on June 09, 2012, 09:20:16 am That's a good point. Maybe a graph of this vs time would be useful. I could also try discarding the first X games the players see each card. I am so incredibly glad I posted this question. This is really what I was hoping for. Thank you to you all for these contributions. cayvie pronouns: he, she, they, ze, thon, not "it" The biggest thing I see in that list is that Goons is far and away the least luck-based card. 18:28 MEASURE YOUR LIFE IN LOVE: you shouldve done the decent thing and resign rather than go on being that lucky all the time Quote from: cayvie on June 19, 2012, 09:42:35 pm I'm a little surprised. There's a ton of skill in using Goons (and lots of people are bad at it), but there is a luck component in that if you can get a Goons play off before your opponent gets a Goons, it puts you at a pretty big advantage. But if/when to green and how to end the game are pretty important/skill intensive parts of skilled Goons play. Can I ask a favor? Can I get a new version of that list now that Dark Ages has been out for a while? I'm designing sets of cards for a tournament, and would like to include a good number of high-skill cards. Watno Shuffle iT Username: Watno Noone said Minion? Seiously?	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line158
__label__wiki	0.798249	0.798249	Bookshop & Gallery The Friends of Hylands House Registered Charity No 1059969 Gooch Family - Coronation Celebrations (1911) ' The whole country was excited in June 1911 as on 22nd June it was the coronation of King George V and Queen Mary of Teck. The following article is from the parish magazine of St Mary’s, Widford ' The whole country was excited in June 1911 as on 22nd June it was the coronation of King George V and Queen Mary of Teck. The following article is from the parish magazine of St Mary’s, Widford. “We have had a full account of the great ceremony in Westminster Abbey in our daily papers. Some of our neighbours were privileged to witness the splendid procession in London’s streets.’ ‘All the rest of us have made history, through the kind invitation of Sir Daniel and Lady Gooch, by joining in the Festivities at Hylands. Invitations were sent out to include the whole Parish of Widford and all the tenants of Hylands Estate. After a thoroughly wet night and early morning, the sun appeared, the clouds dispersed, and our dejected spirits disappeared. On this memorable June 24th, the able-bodied and youthful on foot, the infants in an estate waggon, the old people and those in ill-health in brakes and motor, we all made our way to the park, where our Host and Hostess made us kindly welcome. In the flower gardens the Duke of Cornwall’s Light Infantry Band performed, and to the accompaniment of its delightful music we viewed the flowers. In the park, a fair was provided, and on presentation of the entertainment card we had free rides on the galloping horses, coconut shies, swings and shies. As no charge was made for any of these amusements, which at Fetes usually empty the pockets, business was very brisk, and the Committee were kept very busy clipping the cards. On the Sports Ground races were arranged for the boys and girls, in such liberal style, that all who cared to run received Coronation mementoes as prizes. At 5 o’clock the company partook of tea in one immense marquee, and to see 700 people, thus grouped was an imposing sight, and one calculated to please the donors of the feast, in that they were giving pleasure to so many of their tenants and Widford people. During the progress of the meal, Coronation medals were distributed to each guest by Miss Phyllis Gooch, and each child had tea from a Coronation mug; medals and mugs being gifts of our Hosts. Before leaving the tables the Rector thanked Sir Daniel and Lady Gooch, on behalf of the people of Widford, for their kind hospitality, and Sir Daniel having replied, hearty cheers were given; the company returned to the open air, and the amusements were continued. Soon after 8 p.m. a company assembled near the roundabout, and from that point of vantage, Mr Weeks, a tenant farmer, expressed our thanks; cheers were given for the Squire and his family and Mr Liebert, who was responsible for the excellent organisation, the National Anthem was then sung, and we dispersed, carrying away with us memories of a thoroughly happy day. In one word we have, on the occasion, expressed our thanks, and now in print, we beg to record once more our appreciation of the kindness shewn, and the trouble taken by Sir Daniel and Lady Gooch, to give us a festival which will make us remember the Coronation of King George V. < Index - Stories A Belgium Patient > Registered Charity No 1059969 - © Friends of Hylands House 2013-2018	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line166
__label__wiki	0.821213	0.821213	TV Series The Game Seasons 1,2 All Episodes for Download The Game seasons list: Looking for the The Game TV Show? Seasons 1,2 are available for downloading in good and high hd quality, select the season number below. The Game screencaps Filmed in the UK TV series"the Game" (The Game) tells of"cold war" between the West and the Soviet Union. At that time, the Soviet Union spent fabulous money to develop new technologies, which were sometimes completely useless. The arms race was rapidly gaining momentum. However, many people wanted to"sell the home" and become foreign spies, and you need to know any classified information. Access to classified data was closed, so some people came up with facts that were not there to get abroad.A well-known division of MI-5 is headed by the employee, the code name of which is"Daddy". He creates a special group to check the information received. Defector Arkady Malinov says that the KGB agents in the UK are planning an operation called"Glass". Recently, the Department increasingly began to receive fictitious facts, so the information received from Malinov, it is necessary to check. The special group of MI-5 includes the best agents who are distinguished by their professional activities, but all work together smoothly, quickly and effectively. Televison show The Game seasons available for download - 1,2 The Game Season 1	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line168
__label__wiki	0.625244	0.625244	Draft quality not accepted for publication Table 5: Reasons for non-participation Download 0.67 Mb. Page 12/12 Size 0.67 Mb. Tower Hamlets and Birmingham Out of date Contact details Letter returned Unable to establish contact With relevant person Time constraints FM not relevant Mitigating circumstances For seven organisations/groups the contact details were out of date, so for example the phone number was no longer active or the organisation was no longer located at the given address. One organisation returned the letter inviting them to participate in the study. It is unknown whether the letter was returned due to re-location of organisation, or the closure of the organisation, or some other reason. The main reason why a large number (18) of the selected organisations were unable to be interviewed for the mapping survey was because the researcher was unable to establish contact with the appropriate person (despite numerous attempts) within the timeframe of the project. This was either because the appropriate contact was not available when calls were made or simply because no response to the initial invitation was ever received. Upon contact nine of the organisations/groups stated that they were unable or did not wish to be involved in the study. Five organisations/groups stated that time constraints of their work prevented them from becoming involved in the study. For four organisations, the contact person felt that the study was not relevant to them or the communities within which they worked, as they reported that forced marriage was not an issue for their communities. The remaining six organisations/groups that were contacted gave a positive response to the questionnaire stating their wish to be involved. However mitigating circumstances (e.g. person unavailable at agreed time due to workload, named person going on maternity leave) meant that the interviews were never completed. 42 agencies were contacted in Tower Hamlets, of which interviews were conducted with 30 organisations. 33 organisations were contacted in Birmingham, of which interviews were conducted with 25. The mechanisms for drawing up the sample were similar to those used in Manchester, although it proved easier to obtain the Tower Hamlets and Birmingham samples than that in Manchester. The reasons for non response in Tower Hamlets and Birmingham were again similar to Manchester and included the following: Incorrect contact details (4) No response to phone call, letter or email (5) Refused to participate because claimed that study did not fall within its remit (3) Refused to participate because of lack of time (2) Relevant person not available to speak (1) No reason given for refusal (5) 1 Marianne Hester is Project Manager for the research, Khatidja Chantler and Geetanjali Gangoli are co-ordinators of the Manchester and Bristol teams respectively and are listed alphabetically. The other researchers and advisers are listed alphabetically. Dr Melanie McCarry and Dr Nicole Westmarland contributed to the first phase of the research. 2 Belgium, Sweden and Latvia also have 18 as the minimum age of a sponsor or spouse entering the country. 3 www.nyidanmark.dk/da-dk/integration/puljer/puljebeskrivelser/ofre_for_tvangsaegteskaber.htm accessed 15.02.2007 4 See Appendix 4, Table 1. Passengers given leave to enter the United Kingdom as husbands (1), wives (1) or for marriage, Indian sub-continent, 2003-2005, Source: Home Office. 5 We have chosen to ‘name’ the survivors interviewed by identifiers that indicate the location of the interview and gender of the individual. Thus MW1 = woman interviewed in Manchester; THW1= woman interviewed in Tower Hamlets; THM1 = man interviewed in Tower Hamlets; BRW1 = woman interviewed in Birmingham; BRM1 = man interviewed in Birmingham. 6 See footnote 4 for key to identifiers. 7 This experience is of course consistent with that of women survivors of domestic violence who are not always able to articulate their experiences as abuse at the point when they are experiencing it. 8 Fleeing within the country of origin would not have been possible as women are not allowed to work, or to obtain a flat without signed permission from either the husband or father. 9 34 of the 38 survivors interviewed answered this question. 10 It should be noted that in some case this was seen as both a benefit and a risk 11 The Danish Government has recently implemented a similar set of resource intensive measures, with the commitment of DKr 5 million per annum (equivalent to £5 million per annum in the UK when exchange rates and relative population size are taken into account). 12 This included a suggestion of access to airport staff who may be able to prevent a journey from taking place at the last minute. vast majority very nature potential benefits methodology used person they individual level recent change	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line173
__label__wiki	0.722737	0.722737	Filmography from Linnea Quigley Filmography from : Linnea Quigley The Barn, Justin M Seaman (attached), 2016 Its Halloween 1989, best friends Sam and Josh are trying to enjoy what's left of their final Devil's Night before graduating high school. But trouble arises when the two pals and a group of friends take a detour on their way to a rock concert, finding an old abandoned barn and awakening the evil inside. Now it's up to Sam and Josh to find a way to protect their friends and defeat the creatures that lurk within "The Barn".... Virginia Obscura, Toby Osborne, 2014 Virginia’s embittered search to find her birth father takes a bloody turn… Following a deathbed confession, where she learns the names of four despicable men who took advantage of her mother at a drunken high school party; Virginia hatches a Machiavellian scheme to expose the truth and punish the past, by bringing together her potential fathers. But this isn’t your typical family reunion. Her hostages awaken, bound and hooded, to be... Post Mortem, America 2021, Cameron Scott, 2013 Girls Gone Dead, Michael Hoffman Jr (co-director), Aaron T Wells (co-director), 2012 Six former cheerleaders decide to spend their first college spring break partying at Manatee Creek, but the weekend turns deadly when a killer armed with a battle axe is let loose. ... Night of the Demons, Adam Gierasch, 2009 Maddie and her girlfriends are partying at the notorious Broussard Mansion in New Orleans But during the wild sex-and-drugs abandon it becomes clear supernatural forces are at work. The mansion is home to demons that need to possess seven vessels to break free of an ancient curse. Can Maddie make it through the night and keep evil forces from spreading into the world?... Hoodoo for Voodoo, Steven Shea, 2006 When a group of college kids win a trip to New Orleans for Mardi Gras, they soon find themselves on a rollercoaster of survival as bodies drop left and right. When the workers at a local VooDoo tourist attraction begin turning up dead, the teens must bind together and stay alive to figure out who is behind this most wicked plot. But, hey, who can be inconvenienced at the biggest party of the year?... The Naked Monster, Wayne Berwick, Ted Newsom, 2005 The Rockville Slayer, Marc Selz, 2004 Corpses Are Forever, Jose Prendes, 2004 Zombiegeddon, Chris Watson, 2003 Scream Queen, Brad Sykes, 2002 Horrorvision, Danny Draven, 2001 Kolobos, Daniel Liatowitsch, David Todd Ocvirk, 1999 The Killer Eye, David DeCoteau (as Richard Chasen), 1999 A mad scientist's experiment goes awry, turning a dead homeless man's eyeball into a giant killing machine that has an insatiable appetite for young women.... Phantoms, Joe Chappelle, 1998 Mari-Cookie and the Killer Tarantula, Jesús Franco (as Jess Franco), 1998 Jack-O, Steve Latshaw, 1995 Pumpkinhead II: Blood Wings, Jeff Burr, 1993 Beach Babes from Beyond, David DeCoteau (as Ellen Cabot), 1993 Innocent Blood, John Landis, 1992 Marie [Anne Parillaud] is a vampire living in Pittsburgh. She lives by two cardinal rules: 1) Never play with the food and 2) Always finish the food. By following rule 1, she never gets emotionally involved with anyone off whom she intends to feed. By following rule 2, she creates no new vampires. That is, until she decides one night to eat Italian and gets mixed up with Joey Genaro [Anthony LaPaglia] and Sal 'The Shark' Macelli [Robert Loggia].... Scream Queen Hot Tub Party, Fred Olen Ray (as Bill Carson), Jim Wynorski (as Arch Stanton), 1991 Linnea Quigley's Horror Workout, Kenneth J Hall (as Hal Kennedy), 1990 After a nice shower, Linnea does some warm-up stretches and then goes for a run. She encounters some flabby zombies who follow her back to the house, where she leads them in some poolside aerobic routines. Later she unwinds by inviting some girlfriends over for a slumber party and some exercise. When something goes bump in the house, her friends begin experiencing an attrition problem. ... Dr. Alien, David DeCoteau, 1989 Dr. Ackerman, the biology teacher at the local college, meets with an untimely demise when chased by a UFO. Wesley, one of his students, is having trouble attracting women. That all changes when bombshell Ms. Xenobia takes over Ackerman's class and persuades Wesley to participate in some vitamin research she and her assistant Drax are conducting. Suddenly Wesley has become very desirable, despite the fleshy antenna that grows out of his head... Murder Weapon, David DeCoteau (as Ellen Cabot), 1989 Witchtrap, Kevin Tenney (as Kevin S Tenney), 1989 A Nightmare on Elm Street 4: The Dream Master, Renny Harlin, 1988 Hollywood Chainsaw Hookers, Fred Olen Ray, 1988 Jack Chandler is a private eye tracking down Samantha the runaway. In his travels, he comes across a gang of chainsaw weilding prostitutes that like to carve people up for their cult.... Night of the Demons, Kevin Tenney (as Kevin S Tenney), 1988 Ten teens decide to have a party at an abandoned funeral parlor called Hull House. Hull House is on a strip of land rumored to be unclean and unfit for human inhabitance. The house has a nasty history to it including a the Hull family being murdered. After the ten kids enter the house they decide to have a séance. After an attempt for the séance they awaken a demon that lives in the basement. It possesses one of the girls then from her... Nightmare Sisters, David DeCoteau (as Dave DeCoteau), 1988 Sorority Babes in the Slimeball Bowl-O-Rama, David DeCoteau, 1988 Dead Heat, Mark Goldblatt, 1988 Roger Mortis and Doug Bigelow are cops that are chasing crooks that are dead serious about crime. Or should I say they are chasing dead crooks perpetrating serious crimes? Seems some nutcase has learned how to bring back the dead and is sending them on crime sprees. Now these indestructable goons are in the way of officers Mortis and Bigelow. To even things up, when Mortis is killed (in the line of duty, of course) he gets a jump start from the... Creepozoids, David DeCoteau, 1987 Silent Night, Deadly Night 2, Lee Harry, 1987 The Return of the Living Dead, Dan O'Bannon, 1985 Savage Streets, Danny Steinmann, Tom DeSimone (uncredited), 1984 Fatal Games, Michael Elliot, 1984 A mad javelin thrower kills teenagers in the school. All promising athletes are executed in the most brutal way. Especially naked girls in dressing-rooms or saunas.... Silent Night, Deadly Night, Charles E Sellier Jr, 1984 Young Warriors, Lawrence David Foldes (as Lawrence D Foldes), 1983 A young woman is gang raped and murdered in a California college town, sparking her brother Kevin to take up arms by night with a gang of like-minded vigilantes from his fraternity, brutally punishing any miscreants they catch in a criminal act. In the meantime, Kevin debates the issue of violent crime in the U.S. with his teachers and others during the day. As Kevin and his gang head toward a final, bloody confrontation with the low-lifes who... The Black Room, Elly Kenner, Norman Thaddeus Vane (co-director), 1982 A serially unfaithful businessman rents a spare room from two siblings to use for his sexual conquests, unaware that they're serial killers who murder every woman he bring there.... Tourist Trap, David Schmoeller, 1979 A group of young friends stranded at a secluded roadside museum are stalked by the owner of the place, who has the power to control his collection of mannequins....	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line180
__label__cc	0.735276	0.264724	Harry Potter and the Methods of Rationality Postby Yakk » Tue Jul 06, 2010 2:36 am UTC I've been amused by reading this lately: http://www.fanfiction.net/s/5782108/1/H ... ationality It is a fanfic about "what if Harry Potter's aunt had married a university professor of physics". You know all of those niggling things in the book -- "wait, the exchange rate is what?", "that sport is just ... dumb", "you have TIME TRAVEL, do you have any idea what... you used it for what?" As yet, quite well done. He's on chapter 29. Anyone else read it/enjoying it? MiB24601 Joined: Wed Sep 10, 2008 11:13 pm UTC Re: Harry Potter and the Methods of Rationality Postby MiB24601 » Tue Jul 06, 2010 4:35 am UTC I read the first few chapters after you posted it. There are many parts that I am enjoying, such as the explanation of the wizard banking system but there are many parts which I just don't enjoy. For one, the character is clearly not the same boy as Harry Potter and not just because of his different upbringing. The character has a diatribe about being one of the smartest people in the country, something that one could never see Harry Potter saying, no matter his upbringing. The exchange with Draco was also bewildering since the character is also changed in terms of his behavior. It seems like it would have been better to just have the character be a child of wizards raised by muggles in the Harry Potter fictional world. Such a background doesn't seem to be so rare in the books. "There's no point being grown-up if you can't be childish sometimes." - The Fourth Doctor, Doctor Who Jorpho Joined: Wed Dec 12, 2007 5:31 am UTC Postby Jorpho » Wed Jul 14, 2010 2:34 am UTC Oh, yes, I found it on that evilsite the other day. I had been debating whether to tackle it because it is both a) very long and b) fanfic. But you endorse it, Mr. Yakk? "The Machine Stops", by E. M. Forster (1909) Barry Schwartz TED Talk: "The Paradox of Choice" (Featuring the True Secret to Happiness) Postby Yakk » Wed Jul 14, 2010 3:17 am UTC I'm finding it amusing. For one, the character is clearly not the same boy as Harry Potter and not just because of his different upbringing. The character has a diatribe about being one of the smartest people in the country, something that one could never see Harry Potter saying, no matter his upbringing. The exchange with Draco was also bewildering since the character is also changed in terms of his behavior. First, upbringing should have a huge impact on ones character. And if he's going to be an 11 year old using 'the methods of rationality' beyond toy-level, he's going to have to be smart. (Note that he doesn't have to actually be one of the smartest 11 year olds, he just has to believe it... ) Is Draco all that changed? In the HP books, Harry ended up pissing off Draco by siding with Wesley and Mud-bloods relatively early on, if I remember rightly. There is also some plot acceleration in the fanfic -- the sleeping disorder, for example, being the reason why Harry is educated beyond is grade level, and an excuse to move a MacGuffin up in sequence and give it to Harry rather than Hermione (sp?). I suspect the fanfic author is aiming for the plot to be wrapped up sooner than in the books. (Note that the author's golden rule of fanfic is that any change that improves the protagonist must also be balanced by a change that gives the antagonist an advantage ... he's already spelled out one of them (which was a bit forced in how it was spelled out, I'll admit)) Postby MiB24601 » Wed Jul 14, 2010 5:59 pm UTC Yakk wrote: First, upbringing should have a huge impact on ones character. And if he's going to be an 11 year old using 'the methods of rationality' beyond toy-level, he's going to have to be smart. (Note that he doesn't have to actually be one of the smartest 11 year olds, he just has to believe it... ) Upbringing does have a huge impact on a person's character but it's not going to make him that much smarter.* It can been seen with identical twins that have been raised apart that despite having a different upbringing, they will still end up having very similar lives*. Additionally, while the speech is certainly consistent with the character believing he is smarter than everyone else, the third person narration in the story indicates that this isn't just the characters opinion, it's supposed to be an accurate statement of fact. Not unless he was malnourished when he was growing up and that doesn't seem to be the case. He certainly wasn't well-fed but definitely not malnourished. ** http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1181958/ Yakk wrote: Is Draco all that changed? In the HP books, Harry ended up pissing off Draco by siding with Wesley and Mud-bloods relatively early on, if I remember rightly. The first meeting with Draco is fleshed out considerably. Where in the original story, the first meeting with Draco is just used to show the darker side of Wizard society which embraces a prejudiced viewpoint, in this story, Harry instead has a substantive conversation with Draco. Harry pretends to recognize Draco, which Draco buys into until Harry admits that he was playing a trick on Draco. In the original story, Draco is angered by any perceived slight and yet, in this story, he immediately befriends a boy who played a trick on him, especially about his lineage, something Draco seems to value quite dear. It feels off to me. The whole thing feels off to me. Now, that's a matter of opinion so I'm not going to expect to convince you off my view. However, since it does feel off to me, I'm not buying the author's premise that this is supposed to be the same characters but with Harry having a different upbringing. Since I'm not buying the premise, I'm not really enjoying it. Like I said, I read the first few chapters but I dropped the story once I realized why I wasn't liking it. There are some fun things in there that I mentioned, like the banking system scam Harry works out. There were also some small things that bugged me but didn't really affect my enjoyment of the story, such as Petunia having been fat (she's described as Rail thin) and her becoming thin due to Lily's spell being the factor that changed everything and the multiphasic sleep disorder (even with the sleep pattern the author mentioned, there are still schedules that would allow Harry to go to a regular school). Anyway, thanks for pointing the story out but for the most part, it's just not my cup of tea. zombie_monkey Postby zombie_monkey » Wed Jul 14, 2010 7:42 pm UTC I have been reading it for a few weeks now and I'm enjoying it immensely. I haven't read any of the Harry Potter books, mind you. Sockmonkey Postby Sockmonkey » Fri Jul 16, 2010 1:56 pm UTC It made me laugh and it made me think. It's kind of relaxing to let the author is doing all the nitpicking for us. I've read up to the current chapter and it's become less of a fun romp and more webs of strategy and intrigue at this point. It has gotten a little tiresome now that no one in the story can have a simple coversation with anyone without calculating how it will fit into their machiavellin plot. Postby Vieto » Mon Jul 19, 2010 1:41 am UTC This... is... awesome. Also, chapter 11: He solved Quarrel at the sorting hat feast XD Postby Yakk » Mon Jul 19, 2010 2:03 pm UTC Vieto wrote: This... is... awesome. That was omake. Ie, non-canon. (that was one of the cases where the bad guys got an advantage over Potter -- the point of the omake was to stress that giving the same disadvantage would evaporate the story... ) Postby Vieto » Tue Jul 20, 2010 12:17 am UTC Yakk wrote: Don't worry, I knew that, but it was epic nevertheless, so I posted it. Joeldi Location: Central Queensland, Australia Contact Joeldi Postby Joeldi » Sun Jul 25, 2010 10:39 am UTC I am really liking it, especially asides into philosophical and scientific concepts. What I'm not liking is that the author has changed a lot more than the premise. Unless Quirrel's class being completely different is somehow directly related to Aunt Petunia being fat then hexed thin, I'm a little bit annoyed. I already have a hate thread. Necromancy > redundancy here, so post there. roc314 wrote: America is a police state that communicates in txt speak... "i hav teh dissentors brb""¡This cheese is burning me! u pwnd them bff""thx ur cool 2" Postby Yakk » Sun Jul 25, 2010 11:02 am UTC Joeldi wrote: I am really liking it, especially asides into philosophical and scientific concepts. What I'm not liking is that the author has changed a lot more than the premise. Unless Quirrel's class being completely different is somehow directly related to Aunt Petunia being fat then hexed thin, I'm a little bit annoyed. Quirrel's class was changed because of the rule "if you give an advantage to the protagonist, you need to give an advantage to the antagonist that is equal in size". Quirrel is the dark lord (basically), so in this world the dark lord is different. Some other changes are speed-up changes (he doesn't want to have to take 7 years to finish this...) Postby Vaniver » Sun Jul 25, 2010 9:55 pm UTC There are parts of this I like, parts of it I don't, but the following made me laugh for at least twenty seconds: One alert reviewer asked whether, if Luna is a seer, that means this is going to be an HPDM bottom!Draco mpreg fic. I regret that FFN does not allow me any larger font size in which to say NO. It honestly hadn't occurred to me that Luna might be a real seer - I'll have to decide whether to run with that or not - but I think we can all safely assume that if Luna is a seer, she said something about "light planting a seed in darkness", and Xenophilius, as always, interpreted this in rather the wrong way. Woopate Joined: Fri Mar 12, 2010 10:34 am UTC Postby Woopate » Sat Jul 31, 2010 11:32 am UTC I read it after I saw the link here, and I have to say that there are parts I enjoy greatly, like the application of the Methods, and the attempts at breaking magic. I do not like that there appears to be no character with which I can easily associate, as everyone has nasty plots within plots and is simply using everyone they call friends. I think that HPMOR desperately needs a genuine nice-guy to make it work. Postby Vaniver » Mon Aug 02, 2010 9:35 pm UTC Woopate wrote: I think that HPMOR desperately needs a genuine nice-guy to make it work. That sort of seems to be what they did with Ron- dismissed him because he's too simple. Hermione is the closest to that role, because she's the least calculating of the three kids, but I don't expect the author to add someone who isn't calculating- I mean, it's about rationality. If anything, he's probably trying to knock down the idea that being calculating disqualifies one from being genuinely nice (or doesn't have much experience being genuinely nice). Kaliayev Location: Dorset, UK Postby Kaliayev » Wed Aug 04, 2010 11:05 pm UTC I'm glad I'm not the only one here who has been enjoying the series. While the use of the many interesting articles from the Less Wrong site makes the story fascinating reading, I must admit I really love it for it's sense of humour: You're giving me a TIME MACHINE to treat my SLEEPING DISORDER? Postby Woopate » Sun Aug 08, 2010 6:23 am UTC That may be the case, but if it is, it's not being done well. I don't find anyone to be "nice". I almost find Draco to be nicer than Potter in certain places. Hermoine seems nice, but I get the feeling that as the story progresses, and she learns more of the methods, that she'll mean up quite a bit. I realize I'm telling an author how to do his job here, but I think a character who befriends Harry, can see through his plots quite transparently, and ignores those plots completely in favor of friendship would be welcome. Not to say I don't enjoy it. Some places are hilarious, and it is quite stimulating. Aldarion Postby Aldarion » Mon Aug 23, 2010 7:13 pm UTC I got introduced to Methods about a month ago, and I now follow the RSS feed. Even though I generally can't stand fanfiction, I think this one is just brilliant. Oh, how many times I had exactly the same thoughts about trying to actually discover the laws behind Rowling's magic, instead of just seeing their applications! Also I like the author's writing style. Some moments are laugh-out-loud funny, and the lesson descriptions are simply amazing, especially Quirrel's first "Hufflepuffs-as-weapons" defense lesson. I don't like only two things: first, the whole scheming bit. I was never any good at analyzing Bujold-esque mind games, so I tend to just skip all the paragraphs with the word "plan" in them. Well, all right, I do read them, but the effect is the same as skipping in terms of understanding. The second thing I like even less is the sometimes preachy tone the author takes both in the fanfic and on his website. YMMV, of course, but several times I felt as if the author, through his characters, was actively calling everyone who isn't a rationalist a gibbering moron who doesn't know what's good for them. And yes, Woopate, I agree: a character who plots nothing but still plays a substantial role would be a sight for sore eyes. I'm not good, I'm not nice, I'm just right. Sandry My cheese is pants? Joined: Sun May 13, 2007 3:36 am UTC Contact Sandry Postby Sandry » Tue Aug 24, 2010 10:02 pm UTC I am so glad this thread was made because this story is making me ridiculously happy. He does not spout ever more, new stupidities. He "diversifies his wrongness portfolio." (My pronouns are She/Her/Hers) Postby Jorpho » Tue Aug 24, 2010 10:21 pm UTC What a pity we'll never see it in book form. Then I could buy it and put it on a shelf and pretend that I'm going to get around to reading it, instead of bookmarking it and pretending that I'm going to get around to reading it. I read through it all in one go the other day, but didn't get around to posting on here. This is an amazingly funny fanfic! I love it, and I can't wait for him to write more. Thanks for pointing it out to us. Azrael001 Location: The Land of Make Believe. Contact Azrael001 Postby Azrael001 » Wed Aug 25, 2010 3:21 pm UTC I've just started reading it (Chapter 2ish), and while the plans are different, this Potter, is acting just like I imagined that I would in that world. Postby Kewangji » Wed Aug 25, 2010 5:29 pm UTC I feel like Ron should have had a larger role, and that everything goes a bit too fast, but other than that there's just pure awesome. Postby Sandry » Wed Aug 25, 2010 8:17 pm UTC Kewangji wrote: I feel like Ron should have had a larger role, and that everything goes a bit too fast, but other than that there's just pure awesome. Personally, I always thought Ron was a giant prat for most of the series and needed to be shut up more often. So y'know, this worked fo rme. I read up through the current last night, and as my housemates can attest, had multiple insane giggling fits while doing so. Postby Azrael001 » Fri Aug 27, 2010 1:13 pm UTC I finished it early yesterday morning. I'm quite the fan now. Rinsaikeru Pawn, soon to be a Queen Contact Rinsaikeru Postby Rinsaikeru » Fri Aug 27, 2010 4:38 pm UTC Some of it was funny, lots of it was simply completely out of character and not like any 11 year old I've ever met. It also seems like Quirrell is some strange amalgam of himself and Alastor Moody's doppelganger. I suppose this is meant to speed up the series some. Rice Puddin. Considering that the PDF is already 700 or so pages, it seems likely that the conclusion will be the end of the first year. WaterToFire Postby WaterToFire » Tue Sep 07, 2010 3:02 pm UTC So... Was anyone else filled with extreme amounts of awesome while reading the most recent chunk? That was just ridiculously well-done, I think. Postby Kewangji » Tue Sep 07, 2010 6:14 pm UTC WaterToFire wrote: So... Was anyone else filled with extreme amounts of awesome while reading the most recent chunk? That was just ridiculously well-done, I think. Yeah, I agree. Magnificent. I didn't understand -- were we supposed to understand? It seemed like we were -- what the bird said to Dumbledore though. BlueNight Location: Albuquerque Contact BlueNight Postby BlueNight » Wed Sep 08, 2010 3:34 am UTC It's Harry Potter starring Ender Wiggin. And its delicately monstrous joys are a heady mix. The best stories are psychoactive; you aren't the same person after experiencing them as you were before. Cerebus, The Fountainhead, Heroes Die, The Matrix, Deadpool issues 1-35, and Ruby Quest are some stories that have altered me. HP: MoR is twice as psychoactive as everything except Ruby Quest and Cerebus. Postby Sockmonkey » Wed Sep 08, 2010 3:51 am UTC It was pretty sweet watching everyone go "How the hell did you do that?" when Harry did his thing. It's also neat how he's able to be his own deus ex machina by being the right person in the right circumstances rather than by absurd luck and the power of plot. (granted in a story everything is by the power of plot but you guys know what I mean) I think I've partly figured out how magic "really" works in this story. Postby Levi » Wed Sep 08, 2010 1:05 pm UTC That is one damned awesome Patronus. I'm disappointed I didn't think about the possibility of human Patroni when I read the books. Question is, is it self-aware? I seem to remember the Patroni in the books having a little bit of a personality/intelligence. Be a bit weird to have to summon and dissipate a fully functioning human whenever you have to get rid of a Dementor. Postby Yakk » Wed Sep 08, 2010 2:57 pm UTC We'll, he's hinted a few times how some kinds of magic really work. Animagus seems to be a sliding of your form over a higher dimension. This is how a cat brain can think for a human (it isn't -- instead, your human-self is slid to the side, yet still connected to your cat-self, allowing it to do the thinking while sensory information is routed over to it). This explains why it is fundamentally different than other kinds of transfiguration, which may actually involve changing what the matter is. Magic seems to be control sequences left over from an ancient civilization or aliens or something. The "you cannot learn magic from books" seems to indicate that it is somehow tied to how humans process information. You don't do magic -- instead, you instruct the magic-framework to cause a certain effect to happen. That allows for the complexities of magic to be handled by the framework. Much as typing "dir" in a dos prompt dumps a directory listing, saying those syllables causes the universes (planets?) operating system to execute a specific effect. There is possibly some kind of reverse causality also being used to justify it -- magic could be time-reversed echos of the command sequences that humanity eventually figures out. Equivalently (!), the universe of HP&tMoR could be a perfect universe simulation set up with magic root access commands added in. Joined: Mon Nov 24, 2008 10:35 pm UTC Postby GoC » Sat Sep 11, 2010 4:09 pm UTC I endorse this fanfic. Belial wrote: I'm just being a dick. It happens. Postby BlueNight » Mon Sep 13, 2010 2:06 pm UTC Rinsaikeru wrote: Some of it was funny, lots of it was simply completely out of character and not like any 11 year old I've ever met. The author has said in this universe, everyone is smarter. It starts with Aunt Petunia realizing that Vernon Dursley is NOT the man she wants to spend her life with, and ends up marrying a scientist instead. So far, Quirrell/Voldy is a smarter Dark Lord than he ever was in JKR's books. Postby Josephine » Sat Sep 18, 2010 1:09 am UTC I love this fanfic. Chapter 5 had me rolling, professor Quirrel is awesome, and the Dementor scene was amazing. How often is it updated? Belial wrote: Listen, what I'm saying is that he committed a felony with a zoo animal. Postby Vaniver » Sat Sep 18, 2010 10:43 pm UTC nbonaparte wrote: I love this fanfic. Chapter 5 had me rolling, professor Quirrel is awesome, and the Dementor scene was amazing. How often is it updated? Every now and then? I'm subscribed to the RSS feed, and I recommend doing so if you're interested in continuing to read it. A lot more compact than checking periodically. Postby Levi » Tue Sep 28, 2010 11:25 pm UTC Yet another revelation in the latest chapter. I'm all for plot twists and other surprising things, but I think twice in a row is a bit much. Not that I'm complaining about another chapter being out... Postby Yakk » Wed Sep 29, 2010 12:44 am UTC Maybe Harry's real enemy is Dumbledore? That would be an ... enemy upgrade. Postby Levi » Wed Sep 29, 2010 3:09 am UTC Dumbledore never really did make sense in the HP books. Pretty much the only way to interpret his actions is to assume that he has approximately fifty Xanatos gambits running all the time.	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line185
__label__wiki	0.530876	0.530876	hugeasscity > so much wonderful packaged in such a mess Enough Already About The Next Seattle Mayor — What About Dow? Monday, November 9, 2009 \| posted by dan bertolet \| 12 comments All that newly elected King County Executive Dow Constantine has to worry about is this: King County’s 2009 estimated population is 1,909,300—that’s about three and a half Seattle’s, and 29 percent of the State’s total population. The County produces just under half of the State’s total industry earnings. It covers nearly twice the land area of the State of Rhode Island, and encompasses six watersheds, the State’s second largest lake, part of a major mountain range, and extensive marine coastline. King County is known for being a liberal hotbed, but political viewpoints range widely. In particular, many residents of the rural parts of the County believe that County government tends to be too dominated by the interests of Seattle and its nearby suburbs—a sentiment that has led to two intiatives to split the County. The County’s Critical Areas Ordinance (CAO) is the poster child for the tension between urban and rural King County. Rural landowners perceive it as unfairly onerous regulation imposed by urbanites who don’t understand or appreciate the rural way of life. Environmental interest groups—most of which are based in Seattle—believe the CAO is essential for fostering the long-term ecological health of the region. And Dow Constantine has taken plenty of heat for his involvement with the CAO, even though he led the effort to modify Ron Sims’ original proposal in response to the concerns of rural landowners. King County also has a massively consequential impact on the region through its operation of Metro Transit, which, based on 2009 ridership stats, is the eighth largest public transit system in the nation. Metro buses are the workhorses that have enabled Seattle to achieve a remarkably high transit commute mode share of 18 percent. And even as we build more light rail, Metro buses will continue to be the County’s transit workhorses for a long time to come, and as such will be a critical factor in reducing car dependence as the region grows. All in all, King County embodies the full spectrum of challenges to achieving a sustainable future at the regional scale: the yin-yang of urban and rural. Our cities cannot become sustainable in a vacuum—they affect, and are affected by the surrounding region. And therein lies the importance of a visionary King County government, and the great potential for progress with a guy like Constantine at the helm. The County has been making forward-thinking moves on many fronts in recent years, including sustainability indicators, green building, transfer of development rights, and perhaps most notably, the nation’s first legislation aimed at regulating the greenhouse gas emissions associated with development. And the time is ripe for Dow Constantine boldly push such programs further, and also be bold about new policy that will tap latent sustainability synergies in the County’s diverse people and places. For example, how about a program that includes greenhouse gas emissions in the transfer of development rights equation? And now for those masochistic few who may still be reading, I couldn’t end a post about regional planning without quoting what Lewis Mumford wrote 84 years ago: The hope of the city lies outside itself. Focus your attention on the cities—in which more than half of us live—and the future is dismal. But lay aside the magnifying glass which reveals, for example, the hopelessness of Broadway and Forty-second Street, take up a reducing glass and look at the entire region in which New York lies. The city falls into focus. Forests in the hill-counties, water-power in the mid-state valleys, farmland in Connecticut, cranberry bogs in New Jersey, enter the picture. To think of all these acres as merely tributary to New York, to trace and strengthen the lines of the web in which the spider-city sits unchallenged, is again to miss the clue. But to think of the region as a whole and the city merely as one of its parts—that may hold promise. Posted by dan bertolet on Monday, November 9th, 2009 at 8:52 am. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. You can leave a response, or trackback from your own site. « The Election According To My Facebook Page Who Is This Alex Steffen Dude, Anyway? » 12 Responses to “Enough Already About The Next Seattle Mayor — What About Dow?” Roger Valdez November 9th, 2009 at 10:52 am “the time is ripe for Dow Constantine boldly push such programs further, and also be bold about new policy that will tap latent sustainability synergies in the County’s diverse people and places.” Agreed. But as a former King County person myself I regret to say that the road for Dow is quite steep and the real question is where does he want to go next. It is likely or possible that our esteemed Governor will not seek another term in 2012. If that is a case Dow is at once a contender. That means he will need labor support which has consequences for the things you suggest. The fact is that the Growth Management Act in effect mandates, if it is followed, that King County Government get smaller and more focused on the kind of excellent ideas you propose. However, it has thousands of union employees who have had powerful sway over Ron Sims. They want the jobs. But the fact is that the tax base is disappearing as cities are formed and annex unincorporated areas. But politics is king in King County. And so Dow is hemmed in between reality (shrinking tax base with now possible additional revenue source) and fantasy (find ‘efficiencies’ that allow everyone to keep their job.) So the question, as always, will Dow endeavor to do the right thing, shrink county government and focus on ideas like the one you mention at the expense of being the Governor of Washington? I am buying front row seats to that show. Tony the Economist November 9th, 2009 at 11:36 am I doubt that Dow will lose the significant union support in a race for governor even if he does the right thing vis-a-vis shrinking the county. The governor’s race is still partisan. What is labor going to do, endorse the republican during Barack Obama’s reelection year? As far as winning the primary is concerned, Dow’s name recognition, support from the environmental community and other liberal interests in King County should be more than enough to put him over the top, and in the general election Dow would likely gain more rural votes in Eastern Washington using the “I cut the size of King County Government by 30% in three years” line than he will lose in the West. By the way, Mike McGinn did not have the support of labor or business, and he managed to pull off an upset in the most liberal, pro-labor places in the state. The question is not whether Dow needs to bend over for labor to be governor, because he doesn’t. The question is whether Dow THINKS that he has to bend over for labor to be governor. Only if he holds that mistaken impression does Roger’s dilemma of right thing vs. winning take hold. All Dow has to do is realize that there is no conflict and that the best way for him to win IS to do the right thing, and the problem goes away. “’I cut the size of King County Government by 30% in three years’ . . .All Dow has to do is realize that there is no conflict and that the best way for him to win IS to do the right thing, and the problem goes away.” I am with you Tony! Ross November 9th, 2009 at 11:58 am Cool maps (especially the watershed map) what are they (I want to get them)? With regards to Dow, much of his success will be based not only on how he manages his team and the competing interests, but on how he reaches out to the other Washington and gets us some much needed cash. The county, like almost all regions in the country, is hurting for money (we can’t print our own, like the feds). We got some via the first stimulus, but not enough (for the country or the county). There will probably be another one, and how successful Mr. Constantine is in getting us our share of the money (and having it be for useful projects) may determine his success. For example, we could do really well just buying a bunch of buses. I noticed that General Motors makes those big, articulated hybrid buses that Metro uses. If we cut down on the number of runs (a sad possibility, given the budget situation) than it would be really nice to have every bus be a new, big articulated bus (as each bus will be crowded). That will likely mean a lot of buses sitting idle, or, better yet, a lot of buses being sold to the few districts that have money. It seems to me that just giving a bunch of new buses to areas across the country would be a big win for the bus makers as well as the bus riders. Roger Valdez November 9th, 2009 at 12:14 pm Ross, Indeed the County Government cannot print money. But it can save a lot by reducing expenses, and I am not talking about the fabled Golden City of “government waste.” And it is likely pure political fantasy to think that Olympia is going to give more taxing authority to King County. So, again, we’re back to Tony’s point. I should have said the “Eldorado of government waste.” http://www.poemhunter.com/poem/eldorado/ But he grew old- This knight so bold- And o’er his heart a shadow Fell as he found No spot of ground That looked like Eldorado. Ross November 9th, 2009 at 12:54 pm With regards to the budget, most of the cuts would be very painful to the unions and all involved. I don’t see union involvement in that as an issue at all. The one possible exception is in criminal justice system. I believe that this is the area where most of the cuts will come from. I think the country (and certainly the county) is willing to re-think the whole “war on crime” and certainly the “war on drugs” strategy. Former Texas Governor Mark White was on Tavis Smiley yesterday talking about this very thing. Not only has White come around on the death penalty issue (which was the focus of the interview) but he said very clearly that he wanted to change our incarceration policies. Even though he is a Democrat, for any Texas politician to say that sort of thing is rather interesting. It may be a sign that things are changing in this country (simply locking up every stoner doesn’t make sense). This is where the unions could make a fuss. However, this isn’t California. The prison guard union in this state doesn’t have much power. If they try to get it now, it will be seen (rightly so) as an attempt to further their own interest, and not the interest of the county. With the county being unable to raise taxes, I just don’t see the unions having much influence this session. If we could raise taxes, then I could see them getting involved (in the battle involving those favoring tax cuts versus those wanting more services). Wells November 9th, 2009 at 2:04 pm I’m a little disturbed by Dan’s use of the term Yin-Yang as somehow an applicable description of urban-rural lifestyles and concerns. The term Yin-Yang does not indicate an understanding of the progressive planning philosophy of New Urbanism nor its advancement, sometimes called Regionalism. Regionalism generally encompasses metropolitan area ‘regions’ and as such its advocates and overseers are within the authority of Puget Sound Regional Council (PSRC). I am always irked by activists who hold the opinion that urban areas must intensely densify while suburban and rural areas must depopulate and restore habitat and ecosystems. This is NOT New Urbanism NOR Regionalism. I could elaborate, but it’s also telling that this discussion devolved into a political assumption about a Constantine bid for Governor in 2012. Joshua Daniel Franklin November 9th, 2009 at 4:59 pm Watershed map seems to be from http://www.kingcounty.gov/environment/watersheds.aspx The one on top is beautifully done–a work of art that gives a quick overview on geographic details like elevation but clearly emphasizes the political boundaries. (So much nicer than the road atlases that emphasize highways…) You can spend hours in the map room at UW Suzzallo Library. Ever seen a atlas with Tannu Tuva in it? Ross November 10th, 2009 at 10:42 am Thanks Joshua. Max J November 10th, 2009 at 6:21 pm Where did you get three and a half? I understand seattle’s population is 602K, which means the county is about 3.1x the population. drugs June 8th, 2011 at 7:09 pm I was suggested this web site via my cousin. 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In this study, we aimed to characterized the AHL production of a bacterium designated as strain RB-25 isolated from a former domestic waste landfill site. Blood pressure normalization is associated with normal left ventricular mass but not carotid geometry: the ICARe Dicomano Study. To the best of our knowledge this is the first report of association of hyperhomocysteinemia and isolated abducens nerve palsy. Here, we review the preclinical and clinical data for several of the more frequent AEs associated with TKIs and discuss the therapeutic relevance of these AEs for patients with CML. This drug resistance of cancer cells results from multiple factors including individual variation, genetic heterogeneity within a tumor, and cellular evolution. Infectivity of Gross and Rauscher leukaemia viruses and their nucleic acids. Black tattoo inks induce reactive oxygen species production correlating with aggregation of pigment nanoparticles and product brand but not with the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon augmentin duo forte content. There were clear indications of differential impact and reported experiences, with some categories of nurse being less satisfied with the process of implementation. When the P:S ratio was fixed at 1.0, HDL-C was the lowest with mid-low PI (MLPI) (PI value of 81). Anterior segment surgery with use of a new type of sodium hyaluronate augmentin dosage preparation IAL. Editorial Commentary: It is all in the family: Multidisciplinary augmentin 625 care in inherited heart disease. Ultrafast-folding proteins fold and unfold on timescales accessible by both approaches, so here we study the folding pathway of the three-helix bundle protein Engrailed homeodomain. Molecular modeling study of interaction of anthracenedione class of drug mitoxantrone and its analogs with DNA tetrameric sequences. http://richiesta.antibiotici365.com/blunt-traumatic-injury-to-the-extrahepatic/ http://noticedcut.icu/she-underwent-abdominal-lumbohysteropexy-with-polyprop/ http://evenraw.icu/nuclear-matrix-proteins-as-malignant-markers-in-squamous-cell-c/ http://rabbit.gabapentin600mg.com/correlation-between-in-vitro-peptide-bindi/ http://buybaclofen.site/chain-collapse-is-accompanied-by-the-for/ http://ideanest.site/paracervical-compared-with-intracervical-lidocai/ http://keyblock.ga/individual-differences-in-learning-abilities-observations-and-r/ http://maja.svenskepiller.com/for-implementing-practice-change-studies/ http://brideclash.top/organisational-interventions-need-better-focus-on/	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line203
__label__cc	0.743931	0.256069	Home > Handbook > 3 – Criminal law guidelines > Guideline 5.1 – proceedings in the Criminal Division of the Children’s Court Guideline 1.1 – ‘not guilty’ plea in the Magistrates’ Court Guideline 1.2 – ‘guilty’ plea in the Magistrates’ Court Guideline 1.3 – Assessment and Referral Court List matters Guidelines 1.4 and 1.5 – social security prosecutions Guideline 2 – traffic offence charges in the Magistrates’ Court Guideline 3.1 – committal proceedings involving homicide, consent or identification Guideline 3.2 – committal proceedings in other cases Guideline 4 – trials in the County or Supreme courts Guideline 4.1 – County Court and Supreme Court pleas Guideline 5.1 – proceedings in the Criminal Division of the Children’s Court Guideline 6 – bail applications in the Children's, Magistrates’, County and Supreme courts Guideline 7.1 – criminal appeals to the County Court Guideline 7.2 – interlocutory appeals to the Court of Appeal Guideline 7.3 – appeals to the High Court Guideline 7.4 – leave to appeal against sentence in the Court of Appeal Guideline 7.5 – appeal against sentence in the Court of Appeal Guideline 7.6 – leave to appeal against conviction/conviction and sentence in the Court of Appeal Guideline 7.7 – appeal against conviction/conviction and sentence in the Court of Appeal Guideline 7.8 – election to renew leave to appeal against conviction and/or sentence in the Court of Appeal Guideline 8 – stay applications under the Criminal Procedure Act Guideline 9 – hearings under the Crimes (Mental Impairment and Unfitness to be Tried) Act Guideline 10 – Serious Offenders Act 2018 Guideline 11 – Supreme and County Court breach proceedings Victoria Legal Aid (VLA) will generally make a grant of legal assistance to a child appearing in the Criminal Division of the Children’s Court if one of the following applies: a finding of guilt is reasonably likely to result in youth detention or an order involving youth justice supervision the child has a reasonable prospect of obtaining diversion. The State's special circumstances guideline does not apply to matters in the Criminal Division of the Children's Court. Serious indictable crimes by children Guideline 5.1 includes matters where a child has been charged with a serious indictable crime – that is, a crime which, if an adult had been charged, would not be heard in the Magistrates’ Court (for example, rape). Breach of previous court order VLA will generally make a grant of legal assistance under this guideline to a child charged with breaching a previous court order if that breach is likely to result in an order involving youth detention or youth justice supervision. Likely to result in ‘Likely to result in’ means the actual penalty the child could expect to receive. The actual penalty will depend on all of the following: the nature and circumstances of the charge or charge the child’s prior convictions (if any) the seriousness of the offence (or the extent to which the law was broken) compared to other examples of the same offence (for example, the amount stolen, the nature of injuries, the amount of drugs) and any mitigating or aggravating circumstances. The expression ‘likely to result in’ means the same as ‘likely penalty’. Examples of 'likely penalty' A child is charged with theft of a packet of chips from a supermarket. He has been charged because police believe he assisted the co-offender in stealing the chips by acting as a look out. His defence is that he did not see, know or anyway help the co-accused take the chips. He has no prior convictions. He may have a good defence to the charges but if he is found guilty of theft, then he is likely to receive a penalty of a Good Behaviour Bond or less. Therefore, he would not qualify for a grant of legal assistance under the first limb of guideline 5.1 but may qualify under the second limb if he has a reasonable prospect of obtaining diversion. A child is charged with burglary and criminal damage. Police allege that after school hours he was on the roof of a school building. He broke in to the building through the skylight and stole two laptop computers worth $2500. When arrested and interviewed he told the police that he sold the computers to buy ICE. He admitted to using ICE regularly. He has a prior finding of guilt for theft and possess cannabis where he received Good Behaviour Bond. If he is found guilty it is likely that he would receive a penalty that would result in the court making an order involving youth justice supervision. In these circumstances VLA would fund a grant of legal assistance. Diversion is any program that may be available to the child that upon successful completion results in the charge(s) being discharged without any formal finding of guilt. Reasonable prospect of diversion A ‘reasonable prospect of diversion’ means that a careful and experienced lawyer would consider it likely that the child would be found suitable for diversion. The lawyer must take all the circumstances of the case into account and the chance of diversion must be real and not fanciful. The circumstances include: the person’s instructions and general acknowledgment of the offending the nature and gravity of the offences any prior findings of guilt that may preclude them from participating in diversion Documentary requirements Applications under this guideline are within the simplified grants assessment process. Simplified grants assessment process Lawyers seeking a grant of legal assistance via the simplified grants assessment process should submit an application via ATLAS, only after ensuring that the following documents are retained on file unless they are requested by VLA for assessment: a reference to guideline 5.1 copies of the charge or charges full details of the person’s prior convictions (if any) the lawyer’s assessment of the likely penalty. Last updated: 1 Jun 2018	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line212
__label__cc	0.713306	0.286694	HIM Ministries Commissioned Members HIM Members General Conference Information Media & Podcasts Permanent Missionaries Missions Reports Prayer Shield 7 Mountains Government Mountain 7M Blueprint The 7M Mandate Kayleen & Scott Jensen Kayleen & Scott Jensen were commissioned as Prophets in HIM Australia at our annual HIM conference. Scott was born and raised on the mission field of Papua New Guinea. He carries his father’s desire to see the people and the nation of Bouganville restored and prosperous. Kayleen’s gifting in the prophetic arts has seen her paintings encourage many people nationally and internationally. Scott and Kayleen serve on the leadership at the River of Life Church. They have been married for 20 years and have 2 beautiful girls. Kayleen was anointed a Prophet in the house of River of Life in August this year. Mal & Edith Kennedy Mal & Edith Kennedy were commissioned as Prophets in HIM Australia at our annual HIM Conference. Mal and Edey are the senior leaders of Set Free Christian Community on the Gold Coast. They are passionate about bringing the love of Jesus to people in today’s society and to help people understand the fullness of grace operating in their lives. Their heart is to see the Kingdom of God manifested and advanced in individual’s lives, their city community as well as in the body of Christ, through Kingdom ministry. Sheena Ryan Sheena Ryan was commissioned as a Prophet in HIM Australia at our annual HIM conference. Sheena is based in Australia, and has a passionate heart to see people’s lives restored, so that they can find their place of service in the body of Christ and become a part of Gods’ end time army. Sheena has held staff pastor positions for nearly twenty years, in Christian Outreach Centre Churches, [now called International Network of Churches].She has a Diploma of Ministry, Diploma of Counselling and a Cert 1v in workplace training. She has established and overseen prayer training and ministry schools, and established a prophetic school which she has facilitated in many nations including Australia. She has also trained counsellors and facilitators, and established and overseen specialist recovery programs. Sheena has many keys that will bring release to peoples’ lives, and has written two books, “ Pathways to Destiny” and “21st Century Prophet” Her prophetic mantle has been increasingly recognised by churches and movements across the world, and she has regularly ministered in fifteen nations and many different church groups, with great impact and change occurring in both individual lives and churches. Neil & Judy Malaquin Neil & Judy Malaquin were commissioned as Prophets in HIM Australia at our annual HIM conference. Neil and Judy have been married for 39yrs and have 5 children and 11 grandchildren. Their call has been to love the Lord with all their heart and to be found faithful unto him in the local church. They have faithfully served the local church in different capacities in NZ and Australia, and now travel and minister in the Scandinavian countries of Norway, Sweden and Finland , Scotland, Cambodia, Kenya and Amsterdam under HIM and under the banner of their own ministry of Run Free with EL Bethel God Of The House Ministries. They both carry a strong Apostolic/prophetic mantle and called to be a blessing, pray, prophecy, teach, train, encourage and build up the body of Christ in Australia and the nations of the world. Ray & Billie-Sue Landers Ray & Billie-Sue Landers were commissioned as Prophets in HIM Australia at our annual HIM conference. Ray & Billie-Sue are a sought after ministry family. They have an anointing to transform the economic structure of families, businesses and churches. The plan of God for giving and receiving is awakened in people’s lives throughout these sessions. They draw from incredible personal life experience in business mergers and acquisitions, while creating a correlation of Biblical spiritual revelation. God has released Ray & Billie to travel the world teaching these Godly principles. The Landers live on the same family farm in Illinois where they raised their 4 children. Ray trains and equips young people in business finance while developing a relationship with God. Ray has a desire to restore the family unit and release a blessing on a generation. Copyright © 2013. Harvest International Ministries Australia	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line216
__label__cc	0.587143	0.412857	Jamestown Elementary School PTA 3700 N. Delaware Street, Arlington, VA 22207 Open Volunteer Positions APS News Special Education PTA (SEPTA) School Info and Location Financial Info & Bylaws About the PTA PTA Meeting Minutes – October 6, 2009 Minutes of the Jamestown PTA Meeting Call to Order – Cliff Logan • The meeting was called to order at 7:33 p.m. There was a motion made and accepted to approve the minutes of the September 8, 2009, PTA meeting. • Before the meeting, there was a presentation by the FLES teachers. Laura Hansen also gave a presentation on Responsive Classroom. • The APS Transportation Department is reviewing all bus routes due to late bus arrivals. Adjustments will be made. Principal’s Report – Laura Annan Glascoe • The Assistant Superintendent for Facilities at APS will determine whether we may install a sliding glass security door in the front lobby of the school. We have a bid to install the door for $9800. $7000 that was set aside for classroom door locks would be used to help pay for the installation of the door. • We are still exploring avenues to obtain a Scientist-in-Residence. One person has agreed to teach 3 lessons and be observed to determine whether she would fit the vision for this program. • Thank you to Karen Swingle for organizing the flu shot clinic on September 30, 2009. • A question was raised about the HB Woodlawn bus crossing into the oncoming lane of traffic in the morning. Ms. Annan Glascoe will contact the APS Transportation Department. Treasurer’s Report – Roger Bultman • Mr. Bultman reviewed the budget and explained recent sources of income and recent expenses. Mr. Bultman will send a letter to the points of contact for each line item in the budget informing them of the amount of their budget and explaining that the money must be spent by July 31, 2010. • 235 families joined the PTA this year. • A parent asked to see a copy of the Cash on Hand Report, Profit Loss Statement and a Balance Sheet in the Quicken format. Mr. Bultman will produce these reports. Fundraising – Katherine Price • The Sally Foster fundraiser raised over $9000. Thank you to Carmen Romero and Michelle Cowan. The winner of the karaoke machine will be announced next week. • The t-shirt sale has ended. Orders will arrive October 17. Thank you to Sarah Moore, Nancy Marin and Ruth Gordon. • Parents were reminded to register grocery cards. The number of cards registered has decreased from last year. • A motion was made and approved to buy Auction Software that will assist the Auction Chairs with circulating the auction catalog, and streamlining the registration and check-out processes. The money for the software (approx $2000) will come from the proceeds of the auction. Internal Relations – Peggy Richardson • Duke Dwyer and Margaret Clarkson volunteered to be co-chairs for the Spring Fair. We still need a Games Chair. External Relations – Brenna Isman • We are waiting to hear whether Laura McGinnis will be able to help with an Ice Cream Social on October 18, 2009. If not, we will solicit other volunteers. • David Oblon reported that he has conflicts with some of the CCPTA meetings this year and would like someone to volunteer to attend these meetings. A request will be made on the list serv. • Betsy Upton, a parent at the school, will bring information to the next PTA meeting about photographing and fingerprinting the students under the Secret Service’s “Operation Safekids” program. The information is not entered into electronic databases. Corresponding Secretary – Laura Cressey • The JES directory has gone to the printer. Extra copies will be available in the office for $5. Thank you to Diane Small for her work on the directory. Adjourned 8:35 p.m. (c)2014 Jamestown Elementary School PTA	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line226
__label__wiki	0.891587	0.891587	Mueller's congressional testimony delayed a week Afghan officials say Taleban attacks kill 11 troops, policemen The staggering casualty toll - 57 dead and 119 wounded - underscored the struggles the government faces to rein in militant assaults even in large and well-protected urban centres. The bomber targeted civilians who were registering for national identification cards, Kabul police chief Gen. Daud Amin said. The explosion destroyed cars and shattered windows in nearby buildings, leaving rubble strewn across the street. Police blocked all roads to the blast site, with only ambulances allowed in. Outdoor sports company: NRA claim we cut ties with them is inaccurate Cunningham says they have received over 50 messages on Facebook from people asking how they can support the store. The paper cited a letter from an NRA lobbyist who said Yeti is no longer selling products to the foundation. It also became known that the responsibility for the awful blow to the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan has claimed the terrorist group "Islamic state". That attack killed 31 people and wounded 65 others. India on Sunday condemned the terror attacks in Afghanistan and offered medical assistance. The Islamic State group claimed responsibility for the bomb, but Western and Afghan officials suspect IS receives assistance from other groups, including the Taliban's Haqqani Network, to carry out attacks. Chiellini season may be over with injury (3) Juventus arguably has the tougher run-in as it faces Champions League-chasing Inter and Roma as well as Bologna and Hellas Verona. We are still in the lead of Serie A , we have two games at home and two away, but the decisive one will be in Milan. The attack is an attempt to disrupt the long delayed parliamentary elections in the war-torn country. Parliament is still sitting three years after its mandate expired in 2015, and donors fear that further delays will fatally undermine the legitimacy of a political system already badly scarred by the disputed presidential election of 2014.A complex registration procedure, created to reduce as much as possible the voter fraud that has marred past elections, has been set up after numerous setbacks and delays, requiring voters to register in the centre where they will cast their ballot. "The Taliban said that "'Operation Al-Khandaq' will kick off across the country from Wednesday under which they will continue attacks on the Afghan and foreign forces, with "American invaders and their intelligence agents" as the primary target. Hurts struggles in Alabama Spring Game My job is to do what's best for Jalen-and make no mistake, Jalen is a quarterback, and he wants to play quarterback. His comments also seem to prove that he prefers to see his quarterback try to pass rather than run when in trouble. U.N. Secretary-General Antonio Guterres condemned the attack and called for those responsible to be brought to justice, in a statement from his spokesman in NY. He said around a dozen insurgents were also killed in the battle, which is still underway. Under Pressure, FDA Cracks Down On Sale Of E-Cigs To Teens And Gottlieb said that while much of the focus is on that e-cig, other brands, including myblu and KandyPens, have similar characteristics. Meghan Markle Got Personally Involved to Secure This Aspect of Her Wedding Sheku is a student at the Royal Academy of Music and also won the BBC Young Musician 2016 prize. George's Chapel, located on the grounds of Windsor Castle, is where the duo will tie the knot. Crazy Rich Asians Is Going to Make Comedy History Crazy Rich Asians is set for release on August 17th and features a cast that also includes Sonoya Mizuno , Chris Pang , Jimmy O. As Rachel's friend Peik Lin ( Awkwafina ) exclaims, "Rachel, he's like the Asian Bachelor! ". 13 semis join forces to help save suicidal man on Detroit freeway All eastbound and westbound lanes of a Detroit highway are back open following an intense police situation. Go to a hospital, call 911 or call the National Suicide Hotline at 1-800-SUICIDE (1-800-784-2433). Stephen Farry: A customs union is the only solution for the UK The customs union means the EU is a trade bloc with all the countries involved applying the same tariff on goods from outside coming in. Survivors of Syria gas attack saved evidence for inspectors Rebel-held pockets near Damascus have been witnessing intense bombardment and shelling from Assad's forces since Thursday. Investigators finally collected evidence from the site for the first time on Saturday, the OPCW said. Prince William And Kate Middleton's Royal Baby Breaks A Hefty Record In 2012, Kate first entrusted what William has called her "nightmare" hair to Ms Cook Tucker for a tour of south-east Asia. The statement comes on behalf of the Duchess of Cambridge and himself, it reads: "We are both so pleased at the news". Rob Gronkowski announces he is playing in 2018 The nightmare is now over as Schefter just posted that Don Yee, Brady's agent, expects his client to play in 2018 ... and beyond . To make matters more confusing, Gronk held a wacky press conference last Saturday during a Monster Energy Supercross event. Modi may need an alliance to rule southern Indian state: opinion poll On the other hand, BJP's Yeddyurappa is at second place with 26% respondents voting for him. On the choice of CM candidate, Kharge said, "CM (Siddaramaiah) is already there". Avicii's Family Releases Statement Three Days After His Death Avicii , whose real name is Tim Bergling , was found dead in Muscat on Friday 20 April, with few other details yet confirmed. The track, featuring singer Aloe Blacc, reflects on aging with the line, "I wish I could stay forever this young". Antioch Waffle House to donate sales to victims' families for next month Four guns, including the AR-15 used in the shootings , were transferred to his father, a procedure allowed under IL law. She was remembered as an exceptional student who made the dean's list and a tenacious basketball player. Kaizer Chiefs condemns violent attacks, calls for an end to hooliganism The 44-year-old returned to Chiefs at the beginning of this season from Cape Town All Stars where he was the head coach. Forty-three people died and 158 were hurt in a stampede during a match between Chiefs and the Orlando Pirates in 2001. Indian guru jailed for life for teen rape The police had also made elaborate arrangements to check influx of Asaram's supporters to the city through trains or by road. Asaram's official website states that he was born as Asumal Sirumalani in 1941 in Berani village of Sindh in Pakistan. China's ZTE seeking a solution to U.S. tech ban Now, the Wall Street Journal reports the government is taking more direct action against the Chinese technology giant. Issues and warnings against Huawei have come from presumptions that the company has ties to the Chinese government. Dallas Police Officers, 1 Civilian Shot at Home Depot The man had a handgun and shot two responding officers and a store loss-prevention officer, the Dallas Morning News reported. The male officer, who was shot in the back of the head, has succumbed to his injuries, according to a local NBC affiliate. Stan Lee accused of sexual misconduct She is seeking more than $50,000 in damages, however, Stan Lee's lawyer has denied all allegations according to published reports. Carballo released the following statement to media outlets: "For a long time, I was afraid to ask anyone to help me hold Mr". Now, Amazon can deliver to cars Amazon , which recently started an offer to deliver packages inside people's homes , now offers to deliver inside people's cars . When consumers are ready to purchase, they select "in-car" at checkout rather than delivery to a home or office location. OKC's Russell Westbrook eats words: does not 'shut sh*t down' We always hear that superstars win playoff games, but the Jazz is winning as a team, while OKC is the embodiment of individualism. That defensive stamina didn't maintain throughout the game, but the Thunder at least has a blueprint for Game 5. Jewish Leader Laments Corbyn's Lack Of Action On Anti-Semitism However on the same programme, Holocaust survivor Susan Pollack called for Mr Corbyn to show leadership in tackling anti-Semitism. The Board of Deputies of British Jews and the Jewish Leadership Council said it had been "a disappointing missed opportunity". New EU-Mexico trade agreement to benefit agricultural exports In turn, Mexican exporters will benefit from the removal of tariffs on products such as orange juice, tuna, honey and agave syrup. It updates and expands a two-decade-old agreement to include financial services and online commerce, among other sectors. Saudi Arabia restricts drone operations following palace incident The report said a remote-controlled toy aircraft was flown into a security cordon in the Khuzama neighborhood of the city. But the government ruled out any major security breach, adding that an investigation had been launched into the incident. Bracing for Iranian Counterstrike, Israel Exposes Iran's Air Defenses in Syria The Prime minister addressed that it is 2018 and Iran openly speaks about liquidating Israel. At least 7 Iranian military men were killed during the attack on Homs. New York Mets Send Matt Harvey to Bullpen After a promising 2015 season, Harvey was less than stellar to follow it up in 2016 with the Mets. Harvey acknowledged that he can help the team from the bullpen but isn't happy with the news. Texas Mother Sets Fire to Car With Three Children Inside Even a Texas mother who tried to burn her children alive educated him beforehand "they went to see Jesus", police say. She was eventually captured and taken into custody by Harris County Pct. 7 Deputy Constable intercepted her. China: Over 30 dead following traffic accident in North Korea The ministry said on Monday that the accident occurred south of Pyongyang , in North Hwanghae Province. The crash, which also killed four North Koreans, happened in North Hwanghae province last night. Israel arrests 15 Hamas members after Malaysia assassination The group initially stopped short of blaming Israel , saying only that he had been "assassinated by the hand of treachery". Israel has been accused of targeting Palestinians in overseas operations but rarely publicly acknowledges them. Mitt Romney Fails To Secure Utah Senate GOP Nomination, Will Face Primary But if he had won enough votes at the state GOP convention on Saturday he would have bypassed a primary altogether. Romney and Kennedy will now head to a Republican primary on June 26 to try and replace Sen. Wizards, Bucks get even, Spurs avoid sweep Xiaomi Mi 6X launched with AI-based dual rear cameras in China The Browns and the never-ending extra first-round pick: Doug Lesmerises United Kingdom man convicted of hate crime for Nazi-salute dog video Southwest offers apology, compensation to passengers PM interacts with BJP MPs and MLAs through Narendra Modi App French President Macron calls defense meeting after US-led strike on Syria Airline: Passenger removed after physical altercation on Miami flight to Chicago Pitcher Danny Farquhar in Critical Condition After Brain Hemorrhage During Game Brandon Belt breaks Major League Baseball all-time record with 21-pitch at-bat Jeffrey Epstein Charged w/ Sex Trafficking Minors Deadly Car Bombing Hits Key Afghan Security Facility in Ghanzi Boeing loses big MAX order to Airbus No, Trump Can't Add Citizenship Question With Executive Order EU Concerned About Iran's Decision to Exceed Uranium Enrichment Limit - Spokeswoman US Government Urges Federal Court to Dismiss Huawei Lawsuit Woman In US Faces Jail For Licking Ice Cream Multiple Injuries Reported After Gas Explosion at Florida Shopping Center Melania Trump depicted in wooden statue in native Slovenia Mother Tells US Border Patrol She ‘Lost’ Toddler Crossing Rio Grande Huawei founder Ren Zhengfei downplays effect of promised Trump reprieve 4-magnitude quake hits Southern California, no tsunami expected President Trump: Admin. is 'moving forward' with adding citizenship question to census Trump Meets Kim In North Korea - Why Are The Democrats Hysterical? European Union leaders agree on choices for top jobs after days of disputes	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line231
__label__wiki	0.904758	0.904758	Launch Of Chandrayaan 2 Called Off By ISRO, Set To Be Rescheduled 'Now is the time' to evacuate Hurricane Florence danger, officials urge Latest forecasts Wednesday afternoon showed Florence stalling once it comes ashore near the North Carolina-South Carolina border, possibly drifting southwest and setting parts of the Carolinas up for potentially devastating flooding. People fleeing coastal North and SC clogged highways Wednesday as Florence bore down on the coast for a direct hit in a low-lying region dense with beachfront vacation homes. "This is a storm that is historic, maybe once in a lifetime". Most models showed the storm hovering over the central Carolinas through the weekend, with the eye moving into central SC by 8 a.m. Sunday. The eastbound lanes of several major highways have been shut to allow traffic to flow inland, but the exodus was slow along roads jammed with outward-bound vehicles. The storm is now expected to make landfall in the lower Outer Banks of North Carolina early Friday morning or possibly stay in the ocean before making a shift to the left toward SC. The National Hurricane Center said it had winds of 210 kilometers (130 miles) per hour and a threat of "life-threatening storm surge and rainfall". Schools in southeastern North Carolina were closed on Tuesday and will not reopen until Monday. "This one really scares me", National Hurricane Centre director Ken Graham said. Trump rips Woodward, says book about White House is full of lies John Kelly , the White House Chief of Staff, were "not telling the truth" in rejecting how they were quoted in the book . Since then, Trump has been fairly critical of that book, " Fear: Trump in the White House ", and Woodward, its author. The US carrier said it was offering a travel waiver for customers ticketed on flights to, from or through affected cities from September 10 through to September 16. There are concerns that it could knock out power for weeks. Many coastal areas in the Carolinas and Virginia are under mandatory evacuations. "There will be flooding in inland areas as well". "This is not going to be a glancing blow", Byard explained. Tropical Storm Isaac was east of the Lesser Antilles and expected to pass south of Puerto Rico, Hispaniola and Cuba, while Hurricane Helene was moving northward away from land. Hurricane Florence, the monster Category 3 storm taking aim at the North and SC coastline, is expected to make landfall by the end of this week and bring with it devastating wind, rain and storm surge. Meteorologists are warning of potentially catastrophic flooding in the area, with isolated amounts of up to 40 inches of rain expected in parts of SC. The last time the U.S. capital declared a state of emergency was in January 2016 when a winter storm dubbed "Snowzilla" blanketed the capital region in knee-deep snow. The threat has sparked a rush of evacuation efforts in SC and North Carolina, with more than a million people urged to get out of Florence's way. Gloria Harris said she didn't know her home at the Brentwood West Apartments complex, near Marsh Creek in north Raleigh, was flood-prone. Packers Survive Week 1 With Comeback Win Over Bears; Twitter Reacts McKenzie know I could do that". "They were trying to get Mack on the field obviously as many plays as possible, which we figured". Although the ending to the game was one for the history books, the beginning was far from it. "Give me that ball", James tweeted. Another commenter said: 'That hurricane better be taking me to dinner first'. Charleston, resident William Belli said he would not be among those joining the exodus. President Trump said the hurricane is predicted to be one of the worst storms to hit the East Coast in years as he warned residents to be prepared and to be careful. "I will enjoy the quiet", he said. In Virginia, 245,000 coastal residents were ordered to evacuate. To hasten evacuations from coastal SC, officials reversed the flow of traffic on some highways so all major roads led away from shore. Although Carolina coastlines will be met with storm surges, out in the open ocean Florence is producing rather terrifying waves. Luis Enrique's Spain: Six tasks he has to accomplish They thought they had in stoppage time, when Danny Welbeck clipped it in after David de Gea's spill, but a freakish decision from a referee out of his depth saw it ruled out. Julie Chen Absent From 'The Talk' to Be with Les Moonves She went on to say she can't wait for the day where "women are equal, where these stories won't have to happen anymore". With Moonves out, the likelihood that CBS will get sold has become much higher, said Greenfield. "[Ms. Dallas Cop Fatally Shoots Neighbor In Apartment She Mistakes For Her Own Jessica Berry, the minister's daughter and a close friend of Jean's, told WFAA that Jean was scheduled to lead worship on Sunday. How can this nasty world take you away from me? "So he shared it with us. that night, and it was a truly special moment". Ariana Grande Shares A Silent Tribute To Mac Miller Grande shared a sweet black-and-white pic of Miller, which looks to have been taken from her perspective. Posting an image of the pair on Instagram , Sheeran said Miller's untimely death was "so heartbreaking". ICC 'undeterred' after US sanctions threat Earlier this month, the USA halted funding of the United Nations agency that supports Palestinian refugees . Trump's national security adviser also threatened other nations that may work with the ICC. 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Trump aide Papadopoulos gets 14 days in prison Russian Federation has denied US allegations that it interfered in the campaign and President Trump denies campaign collusion. Papadopoulos "was the first to plead guilty in the [Special Counsel Robert Mueller probe into Russian interference]". Olivia Newton-John Confirms Tragic Secret Cancer Diagnosis And she's hoping her native home will soon be able to take advantage of marijuana's benefits as well. I have nothing, really, to complain about'. Dallas police officer arrested in shooting death of Botham Shem Jean Per CBS News , the Texas Rangers have taken over the investigation and have placed a manslaughter charge against Guyger on hold. Jean went home and called his grandmother in Saint Lucia; she taught it to him over the phone, from thousands of miles away. Rapper Mac Miller dies of drug overdose at 26 More are expected to react to the extremely tragic news throughout the day and we will update this post as they come in. Miller's final Instagram Story included video clips of him performing his song " Hurt Feelings " on stage. Indian Catholic nuns protest against bishop accused of rape Talking to reporters at his residence in Poonjar, George said he had certain doubts on the real victim in the case. In July, the nun had lodged a rape and sexual assault complaint against a bishop based in Jalandhar, Punjab. England 1 Switzerland 0: Rashford gets Southgate's men back to winning ways Switzerland had their chances in the first half, with Xherdan Shaqiri hitting the outside of the post from inside the box after seven minutes. Monster storm prompts evacuation orders in three U.S. states As of noon Tuesday, the storm was about 1,230 miles southeast of the Cape Fear region, according to the National Weather Service . But, it's the water, not the wind, that has the potential to make the storm so deadly, experts say. 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First Lady Melania Trump also weighed in to address the writer of the op-ed through her spokesperson. Trump says he could meet Russian Federation investigation special counsel ‘under certain circumstances’ He also refuted an earlier report that President Trump has ruled out a sit-down interview with Robert Mueller . Trump and Russian President Vladimir Putin during the campaign by talking to intermediaries. Novak Djokovic sweeps aside del Potro in US Open final The Argentine put his admiration aside Sunday and made it hard for Djokovic to gain an edge, despite the score of the first set. Juan Martin del Potro, of Argentina, returns a shot to Novak Djokovic , of Serbia, during the men's final of the U.S. Former politician convicted of bank fraud compares himself to Serena Williams The 23-time Grand Slam victor was stunned by the No.20 seed in the first set, falling to a 6-2 defeat in just 34 minutes. 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Trump ups ante on China, threatens duties on nearly all its imports On Thursday, Cisco Systems Inc., Hewlett Packard Enterprise Co. and other technology companies sent a letter to U.S. But 2018 imports from China through July were up almost 9 percent over the same period of 2017, according to U.S. Missouri College 'Chooses Country Over Company,' Drops Nike Over Kaepernick Ad At the start of the ad, Kaepernick says: "If people say your dreams are insane , if they laugh at what you think you can do, good. Some pretty powerful people in the spot". Strengthening Hurricane Florence churns toward US Southeastern coast Trump tweets Obama quote that never happened about economic performance How Is Hurricane Florence Affecting You? Hurricane Florence strengthens to Category 4, takes aim at Carolinas Former Pak PM Nawaz Sharif’s Wife Kulsoom Passes Away in London Upcoming Apple iPhones to Have Dual SIM and Dual 4G Functionality Djokovic Beats Kei Nishikori To Reach US Open Final Unbreakable records at the US Open Beware, NFL: Eagles defense may have gotten even better London must provide fingerprints of Skripal case suspects to Interpol - diplomat Tornado damage in Alabama: Latest storm photos, videos ‘Debris from ASAT test poses no threat, will eventually burn up’: Pentagon 'Super worm equinox moon' will be the last supermoon of 2019 Elon Musk, SpaceX complete historic test flight to International Space Station America's newest crew capsule rockets toward space station Blast off! Elon Musk's SpaceX launches test flight SpaceX launches satellites, moon mission on Falcon 9 Was thought to be extinct. It’s not Trini skywatchers get second supermoon of 2019 Biggest supermoon of 2019 to shine on Chinese Lantern Festival The Super Snow Moon will light up the skies on February 19 NASA's Mars rover pronounced dead: 'Farewell, Opportunity, and well done' Tom Suozzi, Moderate Democrat On Powerful Economic Committee, Backs Green New Deal AOC says being left off climate crisis committee not a snub Groundhog Gives Good News For Winter Sufferers	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line232
__label__cc	0.508301	0.491699	Pathways of Kabbalah Pathway Twelve. Truth: Definitions of truth “Any Torah scholar whose inside does not match his outside is not a scholar” Babylonian Talmud Yuma 72b When instructing the creation of the Holy Ark to house the Ten Commandments, the Torah instructs, ‘You shall make the ark of wood...and you shall coat it with pure gold outside and inside.”[1] The ark represents the Torah scholar who contains Torah within himself. It was coated with gold on the inside and out to emphasise that “any Torah scholar whose inside does not match his outside is not a genuine Torah scholar”.[2] A scholar’s external behaviour should reflect his internal knowledge; a code given so much weight by the eminent Talmudic sage, Rabban Gamliel, that he barred students lacking such integrity from his academy.[3] In the first book of the Torah, Jacob’s sons exemplified such truth in their interactions with their brother Joseph. Concerning the resentment they felt toward him the verse states, “they could not speak any words of peace toward him.”[4] Although this verse does not appear complimentary to the brothers, it actually demonstrates their virtue. Despite their ill-feelings toward Josef, they did not hide the truth through facade or pretence but transparently expressed what they harboured within.[5] This mode of being is called ‘tamim’ - wholeness or sincerity; no masks and no complexity; what you see is what you get.[6] A biblical character epitomizing the antithesis of this virtue is Jacob’s father-in- law, Laban. When Jacob arrived at Laban’s home, Laban, “ran to greet him, embraced him, and kissed him.”[7] Commenting on this verse, Rashi[8] explains that Laban ran to welcome Jacob under the assumption that he brought money and gifts. Noticing Jacob came empty-handed, Laban embraced him to check if he was carrying gold in his pockets. Finding no gold, he kissed him to see whether he was hiding jewels in his mouth.[9] Laban’s warm welcome was merely a guise for his greed. It is no irony that the name of this con-artist was Laban, connoting whiteness and purity, for it was on account of his deceptive nature that he bore such a misleading title.[10] King David distinguished between ordinary wrongdoing and deception when he exhorted, “Guard your tongue from evil and your lips from deception”[11]; associating evil with the tongue and deception with the lips. Ordinary evil behaviour reveals the wrongdoer’s intentions; thus, one who deliberately injures another reveals his ill-feelings toward him. Evil is therefore identified with the tongue, a single entity. Deceit, however, involves a split between presentation and intention; it is therefore aptly associated with the lips which are divided in two.[12] The Torah’s abhorrence of deception also explains why the pig is considered the height of non-kosher. There are two basic characteristics that render an animal kosher: split hooves, an external sign, and re-chewing cud, an internal sign.[13] The camel, for instance, is not kosher because, though chewing its cud, its hooves are not fully split. It lacks the external sign but possesses the internal one. The pig, however, is the opposite: it bears split hooves, the external sign, but does not chew its cud, the internal one. The pig thus signifies one who presents himself well but hides an evil agenda within.[14] The absence of the congruence dimension of truth also finds expression in subtle ways. After the passing of the saintly Rebbe of the Chabad movement, Shneur Zalman of Liadi, controversy ignited amongst his disciples concerning the identity of his successor. The two candidates were the Rebbe’s son, Rabbi DovBer, and the Rebbe’s pre-eminent disciple, Reb Aharon Strosheler. Some of the disciples decided to visit the court of Reb Aharon to assess his suitability as a Rebbe. At a Chassidic gathering, Reb Aharon delivered a mystical discourse during which he leapt onto a table in ecstatic dance. One discerning disciple observed that Reb Aharon continued dancing after he lost his original inspiration. He commented, “Reb Aharon is certainly holy, but a Rebbe he is not!” Holy because of his acute sensitivity to G-dliness; but not a Rebbe, who bares the seal of truth, whose every action perfectly reflects his inner feelings and beliefs.[15] In Chabad Chassidism this aspect of truth is highly regarded, especially during prayer. While other Chassidic groups encourage prayer with a raised voice, song, and visible fervour, Chabad mysticism emphasizes prolonged contemplation on the nature of G-d and His relationship with the world.[16] A silent, motionless exterior, indicative of deep mental preoccupation, is greatly admired, while external expressions such as song and dance are only respected if they are spontaneous by-products of profuse contemplation. An affected display of enthusiasm or emotion is frowned upon.[17] Indeed, in the Chabad Chassidic past, the label Chitzon, external or artificial, was a most incisive insult, while pnimi, internal and real, a coveted accolade. The centrality of truth in Chabad philosophy is further underscored by the sentiment expressed by a Chabad Chassid during a private audience with Rabbi Sholom DovBer, the fifth Chabad Rebbe. The chassid complained that his Divine service is artificial and lacks truth. He then added, “And my complaint about lacking truth, it too is empty of truth!” “Furthermore”, he exclaimed even louder, “My complaint about the way that I am complaining is also devoid of truth!” And so he continued until he worked himself into frenzy, fainted, and fell to the floor. The Rebbe then commented to someone present, “This, however, he meant truthfully!” The Aramaic translation of the verse, “[r]ighteousness, righteousness you should pursue”[18] is ‘[t]ruth, truth should you pursue.’[19] Commenting on the translation, Rabbi Simcha Bunim of Peshischa is said to have quipped, “With truth, truth should be pursued, and not with falsehood!” But how can one pursue truth falsely? Well, not everyone manages to serve G-d with truth, and at times, this can be quite comical. For example, a story is told about a young man from Peshischa who was granted a study in the home of his in-laws shortly after marriage. Attempting to impress them with his diligent Torah study he would start learning loudly whenever he heard movement outside his door. In actuality, the footsteps he heard were only those of a restless cat. Thus instead of learning Torah for the sake of Heaven, he ended up learning for the sake of a cat! However, explains the Kotzker Rebbe, one should not be disheartened if their service of G-d lacks truth. For the verse states, “And these words that I command you today shall be upon your heart,”[20] and not be in one’s heart. This is because G-d does not expect us to maintain congruence of mind and heart all the time, and instructs us to continue learning Torah even if our heart is not with us. For eventually the heart will open and the words placed upon it will enter inside.’[21] This aspect of truth is intimated by the Hebrew word for truth, ﬡמת, which consists of the first, middle, and last letters of the Hebrew alphabet. The first letter is aid to represent a person’s mind; the middle letter, feelings, and the last letter, behaviour.[22] This implies that truth is attained when one’s entire being is aligned and consistent. Furthermore, when rearranged, the letters of the word Emet spell ‘Etam’- I shall become sincere or whole.[23] “The lip of truth is established for eternity; but momentary is a false tongue” A second meaning of truth in the Torah is continuity. This definition of truth may be inferred from a section of Talmud discussing whether the branch waived during the festival of Sukkot may be taken from the “Hirdoff” plant.[24] The Talmud rejects this possibility by citing the verse, “You shall love truth and peace.”[25] Rashi explains that Hirdoff is poisonous, and thus represents neither truth nor peace.[26] Poison obviously contradicts peace, but how is it at variance with truth? Since truth connotes continuity, poison, which ends life, is aptly considered to be its opposite. Rabbi Shneur Zalman of Liadi, in his classic work, Tanya, employs this connotation of truth when distinguishing between the love of G-d that the enlightened Tzaddik arouses during contemplative prayer and the love aroused by one of lower spiritual stature. The Tzaddik, he explains, is capable of maintaining love for G-d beyond formal prayer, when re-entering daily life, the other, however, cannot.[27] The former, he comments, possesses the attribute of truth via continuity while the latter lacks it.[28] The transience of falsehood is beautifully illustrated by the Midrash which relates how falsehood sought refuge from the Great Flood by entering Noah’s Ark. Noah, however, refused it entry because it lacked a mate. Falsehood subsequently approached loss, requesting they become mates and enter the ark together. Loss asked, “What will you give me?” To which falsehood replied, “Whatever is acquired through me will be given to you.” With that, loss agreed.[29] The 17th Century mystic, the Maharal of Prague, explains that Noah only accepted male and female pairs into his ark because they have continuity. This principle, he adds, also applies to spiritual qualities. For instance, the concept of giving is meaningless without that of receiving, for there is no one to give to; and the concept of receiving is senseless without that of giving, for from whom does one receive? Accordingly, since falsehood lacked a mate and could not survive, it turned to loss for partnership. Since falsehood is masculine/active, and loss, feminine/passive, they are complimentary qualities. People actively lie to achieve something, but no-one one actively loses something; rather, loss happens to them. In real life their union implies that whatever is actively achieved via falsehood is lost passively.[30] All falsehood eventually loses its existence. Herein rests the paradoxical existence of falsehood: for continuity’s sake falsehood has a partner; but its partner is loss - a form of discontinuity. In other words: discontinuity allows falsehood to continue! Note that the concept that truth is eternal does not imply that truth is continually apparent to humanity. In a Talmudic dialogue between a Roman governor and the Sage Rabbi Eliezer, the governor cites the passage, “The lip of truth is established for eternity; but momentary is a false tongue.”[31] The Governor argued that since the Roman Empire had already maintained its rule for centuries while the reign of Jewish Monarchy was short-lived, Rome exemplifies the first phrase of the verse, while Jewish sovereignty, the second phrase. Rabbi Eliezer retorted, “If the verse read, ‘The lip of truth is established forever’, in the present tense, your claim would be valid. However, it states, ‘The lip of truth shall be established forever’, in future tense. Presently, falsehood reigns; only in the future will the ultimate truth become apparent.”[32] The continuity aspect of truth is alluded to in the Gematriya, numerology, of the Hebrew word for truth.[33] One method of Gematriya, called ‘Mispar Katan’, reduced value, involves reducing numbers to their root in the 1-9 integers. Accordingly, 40 becomes 4+0 = 4, 135 becomes 1+3+5= 9, etc. Applying the ‘mispar katan’ method to the word, ﬡמת, truth, yields 9: ﬡ = 1, מ= 40, ת = 4; thus, 1+ 4 + 4 = 9.[34] What is the connection between truth and the number 9? The digits of all its multiples always add up to nine, reflecting the unchanging, continuous nature of truth.[35] For instance: 9x2=18; 1+8=9, 9x3=27; 2+7=9, 9x4=36; 3+6=9..., etc. Building on this idea, the Midrash asks why the Torah begins with the letter Bet, the second letter of the Aleph-Bet, rather than the Aleph, the first letter.[36] The first three words of the Torah emphasize the concept of truth, to impress that the foundation of the Torah is truth.This is intimated by combining the last letters of the first three words together: ‘Bereshit bara Elokim’- בראשית ברא אלקים which spells Emet, truth.[37] The letter Bet is consistent with this theme since adding every corresponding group of three letters in the Aleph-Bet starting with the letter Bet consistently yields 9, the reduced numerical value of Emet - אמת.[38] Bet (2) + Gimmel (3) + Dalet (4) = 2+3+4 = 9 Chet (8) + Tet (9) + Yud (10) = 8+9+10 = 27, 2+7 = 9 Chaf (20) + Lamed (30) + Mem (40) = 20 + 30 + 40 = 2+3+4 = 9 However, when starting with the letter Aleph, adding the corresponding groups of three letters consistently yields six, the reduced numerical value of the word sheker, falsehood – שקר.[39] Alef (1) + Beit (2) + Gimmel (3) = 1+2+3 = 6 Zayin (7) + Chet (8) + Tet (9) = 7+8+9 = 24; 2+4 = 6 Yud (10) + Chaf (20) + Lamed (30) = 10 + 20 + 30 = 1+2+3 = 6 Furthermore, continuity is also implied by the letters of Emet which span across the entire Aleph-Bet.[40] This reflects how truth endures through time; from its beginning to its end. In contrast, the letters of the word Sheker are bunched together side by side toward the very end of the Aleph-Bet, indicating the transience of falsehood.[41] “Truth has legs; falsehood has no legs” Tikunei Zohar 425 A Rabbi once approached Rabbi Nachman from Breslov for advice. He was offered the position of communal Rabbi but was unsure whether to accept the role. Rabbi Nachman responded, “If you accept the post, your ‘Grace After Meals’ will suffer considerably!”[42] What did Rabbi Nachman mean? Some people pray intently in private, where there is minimal distraction, but become distracted in public. Others, however, focus better in group prayer, perhaps uplifted by the communal energy. However, they fail to generate the same level of devotion when alone. Neither type prays with independence, for their concentration level during prayer depends on their surroundings. One definition of truth is independence, in this sense to seal one’s prayer with truth one must be able to pray independently; that is, equally well in private and public. We may now interpret Rabbi Nachman’s reply to the Rabbi. Rabbi Nachman cautioned him that as community Rabbi, he would be constantly in the public eye, and his ability to serve G-d with sincere devotion would suffer on account of his increased self awareness. In essence, Rabbi Nachman was intimating that this individual’s Divine service lacked the quality of truth and would thus deteriorate significantly under these new conditions.[43] The Vilna Gaon once asked the Maggid of Dubno to rebuke him. However, the Gaon was so righteous that it was difficult to do. The Maggid reflected and finally reproached: “It is easy to be righteous within the halls of torah study. Let me see you go out among the people, will you still remain righteous then?!” This rebuke challenges the independence of the Gaon’s spiritual level; does it hinge on an environment conducive to spirituality or would it survive the sensually tempting atmosphere of the outside world? Essentially, the Maggid’s rebuke questions the truth of the Gaon’s spiritual level.[44] The concept of independence as an essential characteristic of truth can be seen at the burning bush, where G-d instructed Moses to liberate the Jews from Egypt. Moses asked the enigmatic heavenly voice, “Who should I tell them is sending me?”[45] Why did Moses seek the name of the being charging him with the mission? After all, a name appears to be a superficial aspect of an entity. In fact, a Hebrew name reveals an entity’s essential being and purpose.[46] As an example, observe the names of the three angels who visited Abraham after he circumcised: Michael, meaning ‘like the divine quality of kindness,’[47] shared good tidings; Gabriel, meaning ‘strength of G-d’, destroyed the depraved cities of Sodom; and Rafael, meaning ‘healing power of G-d, came to heal Abraham.[48] The names clearly reflect the nature and deeds of the angels. Aware of this, Moses wished to discover the nature of the being sending him on the mission. In particular, he wanted to know whether the being was dependent upon some higher force, or whether it is supreme and independent. This was important to Moses on two counts: firstly, he was only prepared to serve the Supreme Being, and secondly, he understood that if the being was dependent on other forces for its existence, it may cease existing during his rescue efforts, resulting in him losing support and failing.[49] G-d’s response was the famous ‘ﬡהיה ﬡשר ﬡהיה’ - “I am that I am”.[50] Meaning, I am whatever I choose to be, nothing influences Me; I am completely independent. Rabbi Albo explains that the numerical value of the word ‘ﬡהיה’, ‘I Am’ is 21 while the term ﬡשר - ‘that’- serves as a multiplication sign. The full phrase, ‘I am that I am’ thus translates into 21 x 21, which equals 441; the same numerical value as ﬡמת - truth.[51] But one may puzzle as to why G-d chose to reveal the truth of Himself and Torah through Moses, who suffered from a severe speech impediment. Unlike falsehood which is often disguised in eloquent or sophisticated terms, or provided with other flash packaging to have impact, truth stands independently, its power stemming from within itself. The fact that the Torah was communicated by one lacking oratory eloquence and charm serves to highlight its truth.[52] The value of independence in divine service is illustrated in Lot’s rescue from Sodom. We are taught that Abraham’s nephew, Lot, was saved from the destruction of Sodom on account of a particular merit. When Abraham and his wife Sarah were crossing the Egyptian border, Abraham prudently told the Egyptian authorities that Sarah was his sister.[53] Lot, also present, remained silent, notwithstanding his knowledge that the Egyptians would reward him immensely for such disclosure. However, Lot performed a seemingly more impressive deed when he risked his own life to provide visitors to Sodom with hospitality and protection from the Sodomites.[54] Why would restraint from treachery grant Lot greater merit than a self-sacrificing act of hospitality? The importance of hosting guests was Lot’s second nature, inculcated in him while he grew up living with Abraham; it was not his own moral achievement. However, to curb his strong proclivity toward greed, Lot had to apply much conscious effort and control; he had to struggle with his nature.[55] In his silence, he displayed moral independence; in his hospitality, he did not. It was his expression of ethical independence, of self standing truth, that prolonged his life; that commensurately kept him standing when everything was collapsing around him.[56] This definition of truth also explains why Maimonides says, “Receive the truth regardless of its source.”[57] Since truth is independent, it stands separate from the human mind. Therefore, even if an unethical, dishonest, or foolish person states the truth, you should accept it from him, for he did not produce it, but merely channels it. And, though our Sages forbid learning Torah from immoral people, this is primarily because one can be influenced by their disrespectful attitude and coarse behaviour.[58] The Torah they teach, however, remains true and untainted. Therefore, Torah scholars of great piety and wisdom, impervious to negative influence, would accept truth from such people.[59] However, ideas and philosophies of mere mortals cannot be received from merely anyone since the fool is likely to produce foolish ideas, the unethical person, immorality, while the ignorant offers conjecture and guesswork with the confidence of omniscience. Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson stressed this distinction in his response to a letter from a young man doubting the veracity of Torah because of the inappropriate behaviour of various people in his Torah academy. Rabbi Schneerson said: “If a teacher whom you respect will say two times two equals five, it is incorrect; and if a teacher whom you do not respect says that two times two equals four, it is nevertheless correct; for truth is independent of the one who states it.”[60] Perhaps the most extreme example of truth being acknowledged despite its source is the case of Bilaam and his donkey. While riding his donkey to curse the Jews, the donkey deviated off the road, mildly injuring Bilaam. Enraged, he began beating his donkey. Suddenly, the donkey spoke up and assertively reminded Bilaam of all the benefit it had provided him over the years.[61] Upon hearing the rebuke, Bilaam fell silent; the donkey’s words were distinctly and incontestably true.[62] Observing the forms of the three letters comprising the word ﬡמת we find that each letter has two ‘legs’. This signifies that truth can stand on its own [without external support.] In contrast, the letters of the word sheker - שקר, meaning falsehood, have only one ‘leg’ each; reflecting the instability and dependence of falsehood.[63] “Truth is the dot in the centre of a circle” Abraham Ibn Ezra In Sefer HaIkarim, Rabbi Albo defines truth as the alignment between three factors: the external world, the perception of the world, and the communication of one’s perception. If one perceives an object accurately but fails to communicate it with precision, or accurately communicates it but errs in his initial construal, he deviates from Emet. Only one who correctly perceives an object and relays it faithfully is in sync with Emet. This chapter explores three dimensions of accurate perception, breadth, depth, and length, as well as the importance of accurate communication. [64] Breadth perception: Imbalanced perception blinds the mind’s eye from the truth, detaching a person from reality. An inclination toward kindness, for example, brings one to view the positive features of an object while ignoring the negative. Conversely, a tendency to criticise causes one to caricature the negative aspects while overlooking or downplaying the positive. However, if a person remains centred and neutral, one can gain awareness of both the positive and negative elements of an issue and perceive it accurately. Rabbi Yosef Yitzchak Schneerson articulates this definition of truth in the context of spiritual self appraisal: “Truth is the middle path. An inclination to the left [to be] overly stringent with one’s self and find faults or sins not in accord with the truth, or an inclination to the right, [to be] overly indulgent, covering one’s faults or being lenient in demands of divine service out of self love – both of these ways are false.”[65] When Moses discovered that a fellow Jew had informed on him to Pharoah, he exclaimed, “In truth, the matter has been discovered.”[66] Rashi explains that at this point Moses realized that G-d had answered his bafflement why Israel deserved Egyption oppression. The Kotzker Rebbe asked why the messanger hand picked by G-d to redeem the Jewish people from Egypt, was made to see the Jews in such a negative light. The Sefat Emet answered that it was specifically because he was sent to help the people that he needed to recognise their negative traits so that he can know the obstacles that he faces and how to help the people correct themselves.[67] The quality of kindness, associated with the right, and sternness, identified with the left, are signified by the first and last letters of the word ﬡמת, truth.[68] ﬡ, the rightmost letter of the Aleph-Bet represents kindness, while ת, the leftmost letter, signifies sternness. Meanwhile, the middle letter of Emet, מ, is the centremost letter of the Aleph-Bet, representing the ability to remain neutral and combine the two opposing qualities in alignment with reality.[69] Note that the letters of Emet are equally distributed across the Aleph-Bet, signifying a balanced perspective, whereas the letters of the word sheker, falsehood, are grouped together toward the far left of the Aleph-Bet, signifying a lopsided or distorted vantage point.[70] The fact that the first and last letters of the word Emet form the outer limits of the Aleph-Bet also demonstrates another lesson concerning accuracy of perception. Although an accurate perspective does not overstep the boundaries of reality - as do exaggeration, distortion, or pure fabrication - accuracy requires one to extend to its outermost limits to perceive an issue fully, as opposed to selectivity, understatement, or sugar coating. Discernment of truth requires going to the outer boundaries of an issue, to perceive it fully, but not to cross the boundary through any additions.[71] Depth perception: “Do not look at the barrel, but at what is in it; there is a new barrel filled with old wine, and an old barrel that does not even contain new wine.” Pirkei Avot 4:27 Everything in existence consists of inner and outer dimensions; the fruit and the peel. An individual capable of removing the peel to behold the fruit may perceive the truth of a matter.[72] At a superficial level, this principle can be applied to the appraisal of products up for sale. One needs to distinguish between the true value and function of a product from the hype, colourful marketing strategies, and brand names which embellish it. Advertising usually exaggerates a product’s worth while minimizing its drawbacks. A poignant and morally significant example of depth perception involves the perception of a person. Composite of a body exterior and a soul interior; his essence is his soul. True perception of a person involves viewing him as predominantly his soul, with his body serving as a medium that affords the soul expression in the material world.[73] The famous 20th Century psychiatrist and philosopher, Victor Frankel, articulated the dramatic implications of how one views a human being.[74] Emphasising the value of the body a person’s worth becomes commensurate with his ability to contribute to society, especially economically. Consequently, the elderly, disabled, and mentally ill are deemed less valuable and inferior to the healthy and capable. However, by emphasizing the soul, the divine element within a person, every individual, regardless of his instrumental value, is intrinsically priceless; possessing dignity by virtue of his existence and not on account of what his body can achieve.[75] Frankl’s view of valuing a person’s soul helps one keep optimistic in the case of mental illness and age. While the body may age or suffer ill-health, the soul remains eternally whole and perfect. During physical or mental illness the soul is merely incapable of expressing itself effectively through the body. Healing, then, is essentially an optimistic attempt to help the perfect and vibrant soul express itself through the body again, be it by restoring coherence and clarity to a person’s thinking, or by dressing his physical wounds. In contrast, when only the body is valued, one who is ill appears to have become disfigured and imperfect in his essential core, and the healing process becomes a relatively pessimistic or incomplete one.[76] The Zohar states that there are three layers to the Torah: the garment, the body, and the soul.[77] The ‘garment’ refers to the narrative, the stories about Adam and Eve eating from the forbidden tree, Noah surviving the devastating flood, Abraham’s interactions with G-d, and the journeys of the Children of Israel through the wilderness. Garments are the most external and visible aspect of a person, as Torah narrative is the most accessible layer of the Torah. The ‘body’ refers to the mitzvot of the Torah. The mitzvot consist of 248 positive precepts, corresponding to the 248 limbs of the human body, and 365 prohibitions, corresponding to 365 primary sinews.[78] When a Jew fulfils a mitzvah, he sanctifies the corresponding limb utilized to perform that mitzvah.[79] The mitzvot are thus seen as a metaphysical body, or more specifically, the limbs of G-d.[80] The ‘soul’ refers to Kabbalah, the mystical secrets. Unlike the garments and the body which are apparent to the naked eye, a person’s soul is invisible; glimpsed only through the body which it animates. Similarly, while Torah narrative and law are apparent, the Kabbalah mystical dimension is concealed. Thus, though every episode and law, and indeed, every nuance of a single letter in the Torah,[81] signify the deepest truths about reality, they are imperceptible to the uninitiated eye. It is the soul of the Torah that the Zohar refers to as the ‘True Torah.’[82] Ultimately, the entire natural world is a mask veiling the Divine creative energy which brings it into being.[83] A concise Midrashic parable relates this theme to the nature of Shabbat observance: ‘To what can [the function of Shabbat] be compared? A king had an elegant ring made for him but found it lacking something: his insignia. Similarly, [after G-d created the world He noticed] it was lacking something: Shabbat‘.[84] The ring alludes to the natural world, which in Hebrew, Teva, is cognate with the word Taba’at, a ring.[85] The obvious parallel is that nature functions in repetitive ring-like cycles; of which the orbiting planets, the water cycle, reproduction, the seasonal cycle, and the rhythmic circulation of blood, are examples. Furthermore, like a ring, nature appears to have no beginning or end, giving the impression that it always existed. Finally, because the natural world was created in six days, it is associated with that number. According to the idea that numbers have geometric parallels, six corresponds to a circle[86] - a two-dimensional ring: 1 = point • 4 = square • • 2 = line • • 6 = circle • 3= triangle • • • After the six days of creation, nature concealed the Creator; the ring was missing the King’s signature. Therefore, at the conclusion of creation God bestowed the world with Shabbat rest during which people withdraw from a preoccupation with the natural world and focus their attention on its Creator. Hence the word Shabbat is related to both rest (Shev) and return (Shuv) since rest from work affords people the ability to return their attention to the Creator. Shabbat is thus the Creator’s signature on His cosmic ring. Note that the ‘Mispar Katan’ of the word Sheker, falsehood, is 6, the number related to nature; while the ‘mispar Katan’ of Shabbat is 9, the same as that of Emet, truth. Shabbat, which allows one to pierce the appearance level of our world, is associated with truth. The definition of truth as depth perception is expressed by the passage, "Rosh devarcha emet - The beginning of Your utterance is truth."[87] What is meant by the beginning of an utterance? There are two basic elements to human speech - the non-verbal thought that one wishes to communicate, and the translation of that thought into the symbols of language which allow the thought to be communicated. The above passage refers to the non-verbal thought which precedes speech and inspires it; the core of the speaker’s communication.[88] However, listeners commonly fixate on particular peripheral phrases or points made by the speaker – especially when a phrase is emotive, vivid, or carries personal meaning for the listener – and lose sight of the main idea being shared, the ‘truth’ of the speech. This is a profound metaphor for our experience of the world which is created by Divine ‘speech’; a fact explicit in the biblical account of creation where the expression “And G-d said” precedes almost every act of creation.[89] As human speech consists of the two aspects mentioned above, the non-verbal and the verbal, Divine speech consists of these elements as well. The ‘beginning’ of Divine speech’ refers to G-d’s ultimate purpose behind Creation, the fulfilment of the Torah, while the incomprehensibly complex combinations of letters and words of Divine speech, which serve to communicate the initial thought, is what creates the diversity of objects and events within our world, each being a different combination of the letters of Divine speech.[90] An individual who focuses on the ‘beginning of the speech’, the Divine intention underlying creation, is connected to the deepest Truth of creation; but one overly attached to specific objects or experiences – cars, houses, honour, lust, etc - loses sight of the ‘beginning of the utterance’, in a sense distracted by particular words or phrases of G-d’s speech.[91] This ability to distinguish inner and outer dimensions of objects or events is suggested by the word ﬡמת which divides into two parts, the letter ﬡ and the word מת – meaning death.[92] The ﬡ comprises three smaller letters: י (Yud) at its upper right, another י at its bottom left, and a tilted ו (Vav) linking the י’s together.[93] י is numerical value 10 and ו is 6. The total numerical value adding up to 26; the same as the ineffable divine name, the Tetragrammaton, which the Zohar refers to as the soul of existence.[94] The ﬡ, then, alludes to the divine inner essence, the soul of an entity, while the word מת alludes to the exterior shell which loses its meaning or existence if the inner core is removed. When ﬡ is present, the word spells truth, but if removed, it spells מת – death. Accurate communication: ‘If you add to truth, you subtract from it’ Babylonian Talmud Sanhedrin 29a ‘Half the truth is a whole lie’ Yiddish Proverb Accuracy of verbal communication is exemplified in the Torah by Abraham and Jacob who independently and ironically emphasized its importance while engaging in deception. As Abraham entered the land of the Philistines, he introduced his wife Sarah as his sister to avoid personal danger. Avimelech, the Philistine king, then brought her to his palace for sexual relations.[95] G-d, however, appeared to Avimelech commanding him to return Sarah to her husband. After obeying G-d’s instructions Avimelech rebuked Abraham for having deceived him.[96] Abraham responded by re-asserting that in actuality Sarah is his sister. Abraham’s father was Sarah’s grandfather, since Abraham married his brother’s daughter. To some extent, Torah considers grandchildren as children of the grandparent.[97] Thus, both Abraham and Sarah are children of Abraham’s father; Abraham fully, and Sarah, the granddaughter, partially. Jacob employed a similar type of fib. His mother, Rebecca, instructed him to deceive his father, Isaac, into bestowing him with the first born blessings intended for Esau, Jacob’s twin brother. In order for Jacob to accomplish this task, he needed to pretend to be Esau. When he came before his blind father, Isaac asked him, "Are you my first born Esau?" To which Jacob replied, "I am Esau your first born."[98] Our sages clarify that Jacob intended two distinct statements with his reply; the first being, “I am” [I am who I am], and the second, “Esau your first born" [Esau is your first born].[99] Jacob’s statement was thus true, albeit ambiguous. It was Isaac’s interpretation of the statement that was false. In both instances our patriarchs were in circumstances that permit lying: Abraham was protecting his own life, concerned the Philistines would kill him to deliver his wife to their king,[100] and Jacob was instructed by his prophetess mother to act deceitfully.[101] Nevertheless, both patriarchs were careful to make equivocal statements likely to be misinterpreted by the listeners, as opposed to direct falsehood. Of course, ordinarily, accuracy of language alone is insufficient, one must be accurate concerning what one intends to convey through the language as well. The Talmud tells the case of a lender who brought a borrower before a Bet Din - a Jewish court - and demanded the immediate repayment of his loan. The borrower, however, claimed he had already returned the sum, so the court obliged him to make an oath. Having hid the owed amount of money inside the hollow of his cane, the borrower asked the lender to hold it for him while he held the Torah scroll to make the oath. Holy scroll in hand, he proceeded to swear that he already placed the money into the lender’s hand. The lender, enraged by the audacity, snapped the borrower’s cane and the coins spilled onto the floor. It emerged that the borrower was technically correct: he had indeed placed the money owed into the lender’s hand! The borrower was clearly a scoundrel, but did he lie under oath? The Talmud concludes that he did. For not only must the literal meaning of one’s words be true, but the meaning one intends them to convey as well.[102] The Maharal of Prague explains how careful one must be when describing a situation. Even the slightest deviation from truth, he explains, is already classified as falsehood, a notion intimated by the word Emet. The first letter of Emet, the Aleph, has a numerical value of one, denoting the smallest amount. If the Aleph is removed from the word Emet, the remaining letters spell met - death. Death and falsehood are one and the same, for death involves existence deteriorating into non-existence, just as lying involves transforming an existence, something that really happened, into a non-existence, something that did not happen.[103] The message is therefore clear: if even an iota of the truth is missing, it is no longer truth, but falsehood.[104] The Maharal further explains the Gemara which associates truth with the letter Tav and falsehood with the letter Shin; Tav being the final letter of Emet while Shin, the first letter of Sheker.[105] Why, he asks, is the Gemara inconsistent in the letters it uses to represent the above two concepts; using the first letter of one word and the last, of the other? Emet, he clarifies, is represented by Tav because truth is the ‘Divine seal’,[106]and a seal is impressed at the completion of a document as the Tav completes the Aleph-Bet. Moreover, the name and shape of the Tav both signify a seal.[107] However, the first letter of Sheker, the Shin, represents falsehood because in the Aleph-Bet it directly neighbours the Tav. This indicates that even the slightest deviation from truth – a movement from the Tav to the letter directly next to it, the Shin - brings one into falsehood.[108] [1] Exodus 37:12 [2] Babylonian Talmud Yoma 72b [3] Babylonian Talmud Berachot 27b; Maimonides, Mishneh Torah, Hilchot Deiot 2:6 [4] Genesis 37:4 [5] Rashi on Genesis 37:4 [6] Rabbeinu Bachyeh on Genesis 17:1; Sheloh Hakadosh, Mesechta Pesachim, Perek Torah Ohr, Matzah Ashirah Derush 39 [7] Genesis 29:15 [8] Rabbi Shlomo Yitzchaki, known by the acronym Rashi on Genesis 29:13 [10] Borenstein, Shmuel, Shem MiShmuel Bereshit Vol. 1,Yeshivat Avnei Nezer Sochotchov,1992, pp.228-230 [11] Psalms 34:14 [12] Vilna Gaon on Proverbs 2:2 [13] Leviticus 11:3-8; Shulchan Aruch, Yoreh Deah ,79 [14] Midrash Rabbah Genesis 22:13, Leviticus 13:5 [15] Heard directly from Rabbi Mattis Kantor, Author of ‘The Ten Keys’ and ‘The Jewish Timeline Encyclopedia’ [16] Mindel, Nissan, Rabbi Schneur Zalman of Liadi Vol. 2, Kehot Publication Society, 1973, pp.16-18 [17]Schneerson, Y.Y., Likutei Dibburim, Vol.5, Kehot Publication Society, pp.104-105 [18] Numbers 16:20 [19] Targum Onkelus on Numbers 16:20 [20] Deuteronomy 6:6 [21] Oratz, Ephraim, ‘And Nothing But The Truth’ Judaica Press, New York, 1990, p.59 [22] Rabbi Menachem Nachum of Chernobyl, Meor Enaim, Netzavim [23] Rabbi Dovber of Lubavitch, Derech Chaim, Kehot Publication Society, pp.7a-7b [24] Babylonian Talmud Sukkah 32b [25] Zechariah 8:19 [26] Rashi on Sukkah 32b [27] Schneur Zalman of Liadi, Tanya, Ch.13 [29] Midrash Genesis Rabbah Sec.32 [30] Lowe, Yehuda, Netivot Olan, Netiv Haemet, Sec.2 [31] Proverbs 12:19 [32] Zohar Ki Sisa 188a [33] In Torah numerology, the numerical values of letters and words are of main concern, yet there are many ways of calculating a word’s numerical equivalent, each pointing to a different aspect of a word. See Cordovero, Moshe, Pardes Rimonim 30:8 [34] Horowitz, Yeshayah, Shnei Luchot HaBrit, Toldot Adam, Bet Israel, Sec.11 [35] Yaarot Devash, Vol 1, Derush 13; Itzchak Isaac of Ziravitz, Otiot DeRebbi Yitzchak, Israel, 1965, p.20a [36] Yalkut Shimoni, Bereshit, 1:1 [37] DeVidas, Eliyahu, Reshit Chochmah, Shelach 163b [38] Bogomilsky, Moshe, Vedibarta Bam, Vol. 1, Sichos in English, Bereshit 1:1 [39] ש= 300 =3; ק=100=1;ר = 200=2; thus: 3+1+2 = 6 [40] Jerusalem Talmud, Sanhedrin 1:1, Midrash Deuteronomy Rabbah 1:10 [41] Lowe, Yehudah, Derech Chaim 5:7 [42] Kramer, Chaim, Crossing The Narrow Bridge, Breslov Research Institute, 1989, p.53 [44] Twersky, Abraham, Not Just Stories, Shaar Press, 2001, p.103 [45] Exodus 1:13 [46] Gikatilia, Joseph, Shaare Orah, Gate 7 [47] Shneur Zalman of Liadi, Tanya, Shaar HaYichud Ch.1, Likutei Torah, Behar, p.82 [48] Zohar I, p.99a [49] Albo, Rabbi Joseph, Sefer HaIkarim, Maamre 2, Perek 27 [51] ﬡ =1; מ=40; ת=400; 1+40+400 = 441 [52] Rabbeinu Nissim, Deroshot Haran, Derush 3 [53] Midrash Genesis Rabbah 51:8 [54] Genesis 19:1-10 [55] Lowe, Rabbi Yehuda, Derashot HaMaharal, Derush L’Shabbat Shuva [56] This idea casts some light on the tragic incident where Cain killed Abel. Both brothers, Cain and Abel, brought offerings to the Almighty; Cain from mediocre crop, and Abel from the choicest of his flock. G-d accepted Abel’s generous offering, but not Cain’s parsimonious one. Cain, burning with envy, murdered Abel.[56] As mentioned concerning Lot, mitzvot have the power to shield people from danger. Why then did Abel’s lavish offering not protect him from Cain's vengeance? Abel had merely imitated Cain when offering his flock to G-d; he did not independently arrive at the practice. His offering, lacking truth, was thus insufficient to protect him from death.[56] In fact, the name Abel is consistent with his character. Abel denotes vapour,[56] something that appears to have substance but in actuality does not; much like Abel imitated others but lacked the solidity of independence. [57] Maimonides, Shemoneh Perakim, Introduction [58] Lowe, Rabbi Yehuda, Netivat Olam, Netiv HaTorah Sec.8 [59] Ibid. Genesis 4:3-8 [60] Schneerson, M.M, Letters of the Rebbe Vol.II, Otzar Sifrei Lubavitch, 1997, p.194 [61] Numbers 22:21-30 [62] Midrash Numbers Rabbah 20:14 [63] Babylonian Talmud Shabbat 104a [65] Schneerson, Y.Y., HaYom Yom, Kehot Publication Society, Sec. 27 Adar I [66] Rashi on Exodus 2:14 [67] Oratz, Ephraim, ‘And Nothing But The Truth’ Judaica Press, New York, 1990, p.105 [68] Rabbi Schneur Zalman of Liadi, Maamare Admeu HaZaken 5565, Kehot Publication Society, p.370 [69] Lowe, Yehuda, Derech Chaim 5:7 [72] Borenstein, Samuel, Shem MiShmuel, Bereshit I, pp.260 - 261 [73] Rabbi Schneur Zalman of Liadi, Tanya, Likute Amarim, Ch.32 [74] Frankel, Victor, Ten Thesis concerning a Human, translated by Rabbi Dr S.D. Cowen, Monash University, Melbourne, pp. [77] Zohar III:152a [78] Zohar I 170b, see also Sha’arei Kedusha, Part One, Gate One. [80] Tikunei Zohar, Tikun 30 [81] Eiruvin 21b [83] Tanya, Shaar HaYichud, Ch.4 [85] Schneerson, M.M, Likutei Sichot, Vol.15, p.335 [86] Ganz, Rabbi Dovid, Tzemach Dovid, Gross Bros. Co., pp.4-5 [87] Psalms 119:160 [88] Rabbi Tzvi Elimelech of Dinov, Bnei Yissaschar, Maamare Chodesh Tishrei, Maamre 1, Sec.10 [89] For instance, “And G-d said, ‘Let there be light’; and there was light...And God said, "Let the water that is beneath the heavens gather into one place...” (Genesis 1:3 and 1:9) [90] Tanya, Gate of Unity and faith, Ch.1 [91] Schneerson, M.M, In the Paths of Our Fathers, Ch.5 :1 [92] Schneerson, M.M, Likutei Sichot, Vol.2, p.616; Munk, Eliyahu, The Wisdom in the Hebrew Alphabet, Mesorah Publications, 2001, p.44 [94] Tikuei Zohar Introduction II; Sefer Hamaamarim, Basi L’Gani, Vol.1 p.145 [96] Ibid. 20:12 [97] Rashi on Genesis 20:12 citing Pirkei DeRabbi Eliezer, Ch.36 [99] Rashi on Ibid citing Midrash Tanchuma [100] Genesis 20:11 [101] Genesis 27:5-16 [102] Babylonian Talmud, Nedarim 25a [103] Lowe, Rabbi Yehudah, Netivot Olam, Netiv Ha’Emet, Sec. 1 [104] Ibid. [105] Babylonian Talmud Shabbat 104a [106]Lowe, Rabbi Yehudah, Netivot Olam, Netiv HaEmet, Sec.1 [107] Ginzburgh, Rabbi Yitzchak, The Hebrew Letters, Gal Einai, pp. 326, 330 and 332 [108] See fn.143 Posted by Dovid Tsap at 10:52 PM The Orchard:Adventures in Kabbalah Truth ii: On the pursuit of truth Pathway Eleven. Life: life as dual movement Pathway Ten. Imagination Pathway Nine. UNITY: Four types of gatherings Pathway Eight:.MERCY: The various triggers of merc... Beauty ii: Beauty and the body Pathway Seven. Beauty Pathway Six. Kindness Pathway Five: LOVE PATHWAY FOUR. BELIEF: The foundation of divine ser... PATHWAY THREE. HUMILITY PATHWAY TWO. Balance: the choice quality Tips for receptivity iii: Open up Tips for receptivity ii: Reduce yourself Tips for receptivity i: Slow Down Receptivity ii: On listening to people PATHWAY ONE. Receptivity i: Listening to God The blog and its author Dovid Tsap I'm a Kabbalah scholar, author, and lecturer who has been immersed in the tradition for over 15 years. I'm keen on revealing the esoteric in the ordinary.	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line234
__label__cc	0.660977	0.339023	Home > Council and democracy > Policies, strategies & reviews > Strategies > Children and young people-1 > Accessibility Strategy Accessibility Strategy Rochdale Borough Council has a duty to plan strategically so that the accessibility of its schools and other provision increases over time. Schools share this duty as ‘responsible bodies’ and have a duty to prepare an accessibility plan which will explain how they will increase accessibility. Although the core of accessibility is about how pupils can access what is happening in schools, the teaching and learning that is available, it is also about access to the whole social and out of school curriculum. This means that all aspects of a school’s work need to be considered in terms of their accessibility for those with a disability and, given the close involvement of parents in their children’s education and parental accessibility. Accessibility Strategy 2016-2019 (286kb pdf) Schools and education SEN-Travel-Assistance@rochdale.gov.uk Education, Health and Care Team Early Help and Schools	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line242
__label__wiki	0.579776	0.579776	Gléowine Rohir Gléowine from The Lord of the Rings Online Position Minstrel Gallery Images of Gléowine Gléowine was a minstrel of the King's House of Rohan in the late Third Age. [edit] History Gléowine composed an immortalizing song about Théoden and his ancestors after the Battle of the Pelennor Fields. It was said that he never composed another song afterwards. Sadly, only the last stanza survived:[1] Out of doubt, out of dark, to the day's rising he rode singing in the sun, sword unsheathing. Hope he rekindled, and in hope he ended; over death, over dread, over doom lifted out of loss, out of life, unto long glory. [edit] Portrayal in adaptations 2007: The Lord of the Rings Online: Gléowine is a major character in the Lord of the Rings Online. He was Horn's mentor. He is first encountered being banished from Edoras at the command of Gríma Wormtongue, and later accompanies the player and his old apprentice on their journeys in the Riddermark. ↑ J.R.R. Tolkien, The Lord of the Rings, The Return of the King, "Many Partings" Retrieved from "http://irc.tolkiengateway.net/wiki/Gl%C3%A9owine" Categories: Rohirrim \| Characters in The Lord of the Rings \| Third Age characters	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line243
__label__wiki	0.970242	0.970242	Ex-Trump campaign aide George Papadopoulos jailed for 14 days Tabitha Cortez Prosecutors working for Justice Department special counsel Robert Mueller said Papadopoulos undermined their investigation and deprived them of a chance to ask a professor of diplomacy based in London how he knew Russians had obtained the "dirt" on Trump's rival, Hillary Clinton, in the form of thousands of emails. He has testified that senior campaign members encouraged him during 2016 to build ties with Russian Federation, including after he told them that Moscow possessed - and could be willing to share - dirt on Trump's election rival Hillary Clinton. The sentence was imposed in federal court in Washington. The sentence drew a quick response from Trump on Twitter, as he scoffed at the two weeks of prison time by comparing it to an unverified cost figure for the Mueller probe. Prosecutors sought a sentence of up to six months, while defense lawyers asked for probation. Three other campaign officials - chairman Paul Manafort, deputy campaign manager Rick Gates and national security adviser Michael Flynn - either have pleaded guilty or been convicted of various crimes but none of the trio has yet been sentenced. Former Trump campaign aide George Papadopoulos leaves after his sentencing hearing at U.S. District Court in Washington, U.S., September 7, 2018. More news: Donald Trump presidency called 'Crazytown' in new Bob Woodward book Trump has since tried to dismiss him as a "coffee boy" who was barely involved in the campaign, but in fact he was a key part of the foreign policy team, and communicated extensively with major Trump allies like Steve Bannon and Michael Flynn. Moss said he wanted to impose some prison time because while he did not "remotely believe Mr. Papadopoulos was seeking to assist the Russian government", he was nevertheless troubled by Papadopoulos' selfish motives to lie to the Federal Bureau of Investigation so that he would not lose a shot at getting a possible job in the Trump administration. With his constant cries of "fake news", Trump has "hindered this investigation more than George Papadopoulos ever did", Breen said. He admitted a year ago to lying to the FBI about those contacts with Russians and Russian intermediaries, false statements that prosecutors say caused irreparable harm to the investigation during its early months. His lawyers argued their client volunteered information, such as describing a March 31, 2016, meeting in which then-candidate Trump "nodded with approval" when he suggested a meeting with Russian President Vladimir Putin, and that then-Sen. Papadopoulos was also sentenced to 13 months supervised released, 200 hours community service and a $9,500 fine. His attorneys say he cooperated fully. Obama, Bush pay tribute to John McCain at cathedral service Larson died in 2014, and McCain wrote in his recent memoir that he wanted to be buried next to his friend, "near where it began". A funeral will be held Thursday at North Phoenix Baptist Church where former Vice President Joe Biden will speak. Chelsea playmaker Jorginho reveals the four things he misses about Napoli Courtois created quite a stir when he joined Real Madrid from Chelsea in the summer transfer window . The Blues aren't the first side to fall foul of the bleating Belgian. Highway overpass collapses in India; at least 1 dead Prime Minister Narendra Modi termed the incident as "deeply unfortunate" and hoped for the speedy recovery of the injured. Of the injured, nine were admitted to the SSKM Hospital, while remaining seven were admitted to CMRO Hospital. Jalaludin Haqqani, founder of Afghan militant network, is dead: Taliban Zahid Hussain, an Islamabad-based security analyst, said that his death won't change the Haqqani Network's policies. After the militant group's fall in 2001, he moved to the tribal areas along the Afghanistan-Pakistan border. Novak Djokovic tames heat and Joao Sousa to make quarters Kei Nishikori , runner-up in 2014, was also pleased to get through in three sets in blazing sunshine on Louis Armstrong Stadium. Federer broke first on the way to a 5-3 lead in the set, but Millman won the last four games, breaking Federer twice. I should learn from Roger Federer, says 'done nothing' Nick Kyrgios From there, Federer served out the match easily to set up a fourth-round clash with another Australian, John Millman . But he said no matter what he tried, Federer had the answers. "I've got a lot of respect for Roger". Captain Marvel Is the Most Powerful Hero the MCU Has Ever Seen They'll join Carol Danvers, the military pilot who wages a crucial battle within - between her human and superpowered Kree traits. Entertainment Weekly revealed the first images from Marvel Studios' " Captain Marvel " on Wednesday. Tropical Storm Gordon: Where it's headed and the North Texas impact Heavy rain, gusty winds and thunderstorms are hitting South Florida as the Gulf Coast braces for looming Tropical Storm Gordon . The National Hurricane Center has named the seventh tropical storm for the 2018 Atlantic season, Tropical Storm Gordon . EPL: Mourinho knows what he is doing - Matic defends coach Former Manchester City goalkeeper Hart, who saved a penalty from Paul Pogba during the loss to United, said: 'The break comes at a good time for us. Tensions are brewing between Le’Veon Bell and teammates Just man up and tell us what you're going to do", Pouncey said, per NFL Network's Aditi Kinkhabwala . Bell has been with the Steelers since getting by them in the second round of the 2013 NFL Draft. Longtime Dem loses to left-wing challenger in primary upset John Tierney, who brought significant personal baggage to the campaign. "She will serve the district well in Congress". The last time an incumbent Democratic House member lost a primary was in 2014, when Seth Moulton defeated former Rep. Nikoloz Basilashvili Falls to Nadal but Gives Georgians Something to Cheer Open's showcase match between Serena and Venus Williams on Friday night when he was shown raising his fist on the big screen. Elsewhere, Juan Martin del Potro beat Borna Coric 6-4, 6-3, 6-1 to make the last eight for a third successive year. Tiger Woods off to insane start with season on the line Tiger Woods watches his tee shot on the third hole during the first round of the BMW Championship golf tournament at Aronimink GC. Northern Ireland's McIlroy briefly threatened to dislodge Woods before equalling the American's score. British Airways hacked, details of 380000 bank cards stolen For now, British Airways states that its website is "working normally so future bookings will not be affected", per its post. The airline added that customers due to travel could check in online as normal. Elon Musk Calls Thailand Cave Expert a 'Child Rapist' The young footballers and their coach were trapped from June 23 after the cave in Chiang Rai province that they in, was flooded. Buzzfeed said: "It is unclear why Musk believes the allegations against Unsworth or what evidence he has to support them". Suarez says Manchester United midfielder will be happy at Barcelona Paul Pogba admitted there will "always be talk" about his future at Manchester United , but said it is not him doing the talking. You can see where this is headed. Special Counsel Reportedly Agrees To Accept Written Answers From Trump He pointed out that Trump's legal team has handed over 1.4 million pages of documents to the special counsel's office. In March, Mueller raised the prospect of subpoenaing Trump if he refused to be questioned voluntarily. Serena Williams defeated Karolina Pliskova at US Open Keys: 'I felt good today. "I just need to repeat". "I just had to figure out a way to try to at least make one and one at a time". Their last meeting was at Indian Wells past year , when the American won 6-1, 6-4. War monitor says Syrian military starts Idlib shelling But the USA president said on Twitter that "President Bashar al-Assad of Syria must not recklessly attack Idlib Province". Pro-Assad forces and their allies are thought to be preparing a major offensive against the rebel-held province. Supreme Court decriminalises Section 377, declares homosexuality legal What is Section 377? Lawyers have steadily worked to overturn the supreme court's decision but had a major breakthrough in 2017. Two Koreas agree to hold September summit in Pyongyang: Seoul Kim said he'd take " more active" measures toward denuclearisation if his moves are met with corresponding goodwill measures, Mr. The United States, however, has said it is committed to building a peace mechanism if North Korea denuclearizes. Small Meteorite Hits Space Station The 2mm wide "micro fracture" in the £115 billion NASA satellite was discovered after crew noticed a drop in pressure. The leak rate was minuscule, and the crew put Kapton tape over the hole to slow the loss of pressure even further. State of emergency declared in Mississippi Preparations should be completed this morning as conditions will deteriorate quickly during the afternoon and evening. In this image released by NOAA's GOES-16 on Monday, Sept. 3, 2018, Tropical Storm Gordon appears south of Florida. Ronan Farrow’s Former Producer Says NBC Tried To Kill Weinstein Story Farrow himself said the story should have been reported earlier and has praised McHugh as an "unsung hero of this entire story". Now, former NBC news producer Rich McHugh , who worked on the story with Farrow , has accused NBC of trying to kill the story. Kyrgios involved in more controversy after umpire intervention No. 2 seed Caroline Wozniacki is out of the US Open in the second round, joining No. 1 Simona Halep on the sideline. On Thursday, tournament referee Brian Earley also denied suggestions that Lahyani was trying to gee up Kyrgios. You'll know when I know ― Federer not thinking of retirement Federer raced to a 3-0 lead in the second set as well as his dominance continued to grow more and more as the game progressed. They'll see him again against Kyrgios, who burst onto the scene with a win against No. 1 Rafael Nadal in 2014 at Wimbledon. Defoe says Aubameyang and Lacazette must be Arsenal's attacking answer Gabon worldwide Pierre Aubameyang increased the scoreline for the Gunners in the 62nd minute and it was Lacazette that provided the assist. Post Malone survives serious vehicle crash weeks after plane scare Finally, the small jet landed safely at New York's Stewart Airport where fire trucks and ambulances had been waiting on the scene. Malone was on his way to London Luton Airport in England, where the rapper was set to perform at the Reading & Leeds festival. At least 2 dead, dozens missing after major quake strikes Japan Seko said utilities were planning to start up several other thermal and hydroelectric plants to provide at least some power. A landslide along a long ridge in the rural town of Atsumi could be seen in aerial footage from public broadcaster NHK. US Open 2018: Japanese delight as Nishikori, Osaka advance Nishikori said this week that he was nervous once that championship match began - but Wednesday's match was nothing like that day. In a meeting between two first-time slam quarter-finalists it was Osaka who produced much the better display, winning 6-1 6-1. ‘Zero’ evidence Syria rebels will use chemical weapons US President Donald Trump took to Twitter this week to warn the regime and its allies not to " recklessly attack " the north. It estimates some 10,000 jihadists are in the area. Gordon may hit Gulf Coast as hurricane after nightfall Gordon made landfall Tuesday night near the Alabama-Mississippi border packing strong winds, torrential rain and flash flooding. Gordon is still expected to move northwestward the next couple days before turning east by this weekend. Earl Thomas Reports To Seahawks, Will Play Out Final Year Of Contract That likelihood, apparently, is enough to keep the Cowboys brass from ponying up whatever pot-sweeteners Seattle now wants. Wednesday's news of Thomas reporting to his current team might well lead to both sides considering it a stalemate. People are burning Nike because Colin Kaepernick fronts its new campaign There was, of course, widespread support also for the company and Kaepernick, not least from fellow Nike athlete Serena Williams . A Nike ad released on Monday featured a black-and-white closeup of Kaepernick's face and the words, "Believe in something". Amazon is 2nd USA company to reach $1 trillion market value Apple took nearly 38 years as a public company to achieve the trillion dollar milestone, while Amazon got there in 21 years. Amazon's huge cloud computing segment powers systems for government clients, and contracts could be influenced by politics. Tropical Storm Gordon track expected to bring winds to Sebastian, Vero Beach In New Orleans , a voluntary evacuation order is in effect for people who live in neighborhoods that are not protected by levees. ET, Tropical Storm Gordon was located about 15 miles west-northwest of Marco Island, Florida, moving west-northwest at 16 mph. Where does Brett Kavanaugh stand on key issues? Durbin and other Democrats used the Twitter hashtag #WhatAreTheyHiding to register their ire in a preview of what's to come at Kavanaugh's hearing.	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line245
__label__wiki	0.591466	0.591466	Elevated CO2 concentrations affect the elemental stoichiometry and species composition of an experimental phytoplankton community Verschoor, A.M.; Van Dijk, M.A.; Huisman, J.; Van Donk, E. (2013). Elevated CO2 concentrations affect the elemental stoichiometry and species composition of an experimental phytoplankton community. Freshwat. Biol. 58(3): 597-611. dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2427.2012.02833.x In: Freshwater Biology. Blackwell: Oxford. ISSN 0046-5070, meer Cyanobacteria [WoRMS] algae; cyanobacteria; ecological stoichiometry; inorganic carbon;resource competition Verschoor, A.M. Van Dijk, M.A., meer Huisman, J. Van Donk, E. 1.Rising atmospheric CO2 concentrations might affect the primary production and community composition of freshwater ecosystems. 2.We investigated these potential effects in laboratory mesocosms (Limnotrons), using monoculture experiments and competition experiments with the green alga Scenedesmus obliquus and the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC6803. The Limnotrons were sparged with ambient air (controls, 380 parts per million volume (ppmv) CO2), moderately elevated CO2 levels (3000ppmv CO2) or highly elevated CO2 levels (18800ppmv CO2). 3.Growth at ambient air led to the depletion of dissolved CO2 during algal bloom development and hence a high pH. In contrast, growth at elevated CO2 levels resulted in high concentrations of dissolved CO2 and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), lower pH and low concentrations of nitrate and soluble reactive phosphorus. Elevated CO2 levels did not have a significant effect on the biomass of the algal species, but shifted their elemental composition towards higher carbon-to-nutrient ratios. 4.Competition experiments at ambient air were driven mainly by competition for inorganic carbon. In this case, the cyanobacterium Synechocystis was displaced by the green alga Scenedesmus. Elevated CO2 alleviated the community from carbon limitation, which shifted the species interactions towards competition for nitrogen and phosphorus, and resulted in coexistence of the two species. Hence, our findings do not support the hypothesis that cyanobacteria are generally better competitors for inorganic carbon than green algae. 5.In conclusion, our results show that elevated CO2 levels may cause major changes in freshwater ecosystems, including a reduction in pH, shifts in resource limitation patterns, and changes in the ecological stoichiometry and species composition of phytoplankton communities.	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line246
__label__cc	0.573003	0.426997	Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) Extension to VECL against Supreme Court order: Paryavaran Suraksha Samiti The extension was given to balance environmental protection as well as socio-economic well being. Paryavaran Suraksha Samiti has criticized Gujarat Pollution Control Board's (GPCB) move to extend closure Daily News Analysis (Ahmedabad) Industrial Waste Order of the National Green Tribunal regarding manufacturing of food materials on a mass scale resulting in pollution, Ujjain, Madhya Pradesh, 20/01/2015 Order of the National Green Tribunal (Central Zonal Bench, Bhopal) in the matter of Surya Kumar Saboo Vs. M/s Shree Mishthan Bhandar & Ors. dated 20/01/2015 regarding manufacturing of sweets and namkeen Ujjain (D) Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) Assessment of groundwater quality in the mining areas of Goa, India Goa is a famous International tourist destination and attracts around 2 million tourists annually. Tourism is generally limited along the coastal belt of Goa, while mining is more focused in the midland Indian Journal of Science and Technology Groundwater Quality Performance evaluation of prevailing biological wastewater treatment systems in West Bengal, India <p>The present study has been undertaken to evaluate the performance of wastewater treatment systems (WWTS) in three different districts (Kolkata, Howra and Hugli) in West Bengal, India. Performance of Applied Ecology and Environmental Sciences Howrah (D) Hugli Sewage Treatment Technology Faecal Coliforms Live monitoring of Ganga water at 5 UP spots begins Allahabad And Varanasi Among The Chosen Districts UP has started live monitoring of Ganga in Kanpur, Varanasi, Allahabad and Kannauj to gather details such as biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical Times of India (Lucknow) Allahabad (D) Varanasi (D) Tughlaqabad’s poison lake In the forest on both sides of Tughlaqabad Fort’s southern outer wall, a lake has slowly materialised over the past two years. Leafless tree-trunks jut out at odd angles from the poisonous water. Sludge Lake Pollution Public Interest Litigation (PIL) Green tribunal axe on 3 Ganganagar units KOLKATA: The Eastern Zone Bench of the National Green Tribunal (NGT) has directed the West Bengal Pollution Control Board (WBPCB) to close down three units in Ganganagar in North 24-Parganas that were Times of India (Kolkata) 24 Parganas (N) Little achieved in pollution cut bid The state government has achieved little success to cut pollution that emanates from immersion of idols during the festive seasons, said environmentalists and river experts in the city. Experts said that Statesman (Kolkata) China says first-half results exceed target for cutting water pollution China is on track to exceed its 2014 target for cutting water pollution, the government announced on Wednesday, amid reports that it plans a $326 billion action plan to clean up its rivers and lakes. Water Pollution Control Disturbing findings in CSE’s second study on Pali Pali (Rajasthan), September 18, 2014: Centre for Science and Environment (CSE), a leading environmental think tank based in New Delhi, released its second study on the pollution from dyeing and textile Common Effluent Treatment Plant (CETP) CSE study on textile pollution in Pali The main objective of the present study was to evaluate the status of pollution in Pali caused by textile industries, as Pali is an important industrial area of Rajasthan where a number of textile industries	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line247
__label__wiki	0.929243	0.929243	Almost 250 migrant children have been relocated to shelters from an overcrowded Texas border patrol station in the United States, where lawyers said they had been held for weeks in dirty conditions without adequate food and water. - Lawyers who were able to tour the facility under the Flores Settlement, which governs detention conditions for migrant children, said they witnessed inhumane conditions of overcrowding, and about 250 children being held over the limit of 72 hours, some saying they were there for weeks in overcrowded cells. Attorneys last week raised alarm after they were given access to the Clint station near El Paso and said they had found more than 300 children detained in squalid conditions. But numerous children held by the Border Patrol in Clint had been there for three or four weeks, according to the team which visited the facility on 17 June. Last week, a pediatrician visited a Texas detention facility for migrant children and says what she saw could be compared to "torture facilities". But Border Patrol agents have not allowed locals to help those who have been held according to Austin Savage and his five friends, who crammed an SUV full of $340 worth of purchases from a Target in El Paso which they tried to donate. The conditions were first reported by the Associated Press. Speaking on condition of anonymity, CBP officials told reporters that they were not short on items such as toothbrushes and that children were given snacks and juice on demand. About 35 miles south of Miami, the facility is run by Comprehensive Health Services, Inc., a private, for-profit company with a growing line of business in housing immigrant children. On Tuesday, US House Democrats said they plan to approve the funding, but the measure has drawn a veto threat from Trump. His comment was echoed by David Rohde, who said the Taliban gave him toothpaste and soap during the seven months they held him. The basic foundation of Wizards Unite is quite similar to Pokemon Go with a Harry Potter twist in it. So, the bar is set high, and " Harry Potter: Wizards Unite " certainly has big shoes to fill. That additional funding, according to HHS spokeswoman Evelyn Stauffer, would go toward increasing "shelter capacity in order to meet the needs of the minors in our custody while ORR works to find sponsors, usually family members, for the children". John Sanders's resignation, announced on Tuesday, followed an outcry over the treatment of migrant children in one of the agency's facilities near the border with Mexico. The children have been held in the border patrol station for weeks. "Basic hygiene just doesn't exist there", Gialluca said. In an interview Monday, Binford shared more details of the hard scenes she witnessed inside the center. "The children had not had access to a single shower or bath, they were wearing the same dirty clothing they crossed the border with". "Because this bill does not provide adequate funding to meet the current crisis, and because it contains partisan provisions created to hamstring the Administration's border enforcement efforts, the Administration opposes its passage". "They actually don't have the infrastructure to be calling the aunt or the uncle, or even the parent who is in the United States, and actually check out whether it's a safe place to place the child". But Clara Long, an attorney who interviewed children at Border Patrol Station 1 last week, said conditions were not necessarily better there. As of June 10, more than 52,000 unaccompanied children have been transferred from the Department of Homeland Security to HHS - a 60% increase over previous year, HHS says. Meadow & Maguire miss out as Green leads Women's PGA Barcelona, Manchester United target, Matthijs de Ligt makes transfer decision It has been a long time coming but after months of speculations, it looks like the Matthijs de Ligt transfer saga is finally over. De Ligt could be Maurizio Sarri's first signing as Juventus manager after leaving Chelsea earlier this month. Virat Kohli fined for 'excessive appealing' against Afghanistan Kohli also praised man-of-the-match Jasprit Bumrah for his impressive bowling display that brought India back into the contest. The team batted 34 overs of spin bowling and scored 119 runs, he added. DGCA asks Indian airlines to avoid Iranian airspace An airline spokesperson said: "Air Arabia is aware of the notice issued by the FAA for United States based airlines". Air India CMD Ashwani Lohani said, "No substantial effect on Air India flights". IDF said to increase alert amid Iran tensions Reiterating comments made by Trump, Bolton said: "our military is rebuilt, new and ready to go - by far the best in the world". Iran's foreign minister said Bolton was trying to force the US into a conflict with Iran.	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line248
__label__cc	0.639726	0.360274	Hurt People by Cote Smith Among the ominous landscapes drawn by FSG authors such as Frank Bill and Amelia Gray, Smith’s hometown of Leavenworth, Kansas fits right in, with its prisons looming over the novel like watchful guards. Opportunity, here in the center of a prison industrial complex, is a chance at catching an escaped convict, while seemingly the only entertainments on offer are rented movies, darts, and boxed wine. read » Columns & Interviews The Velvet Coffin: Michael Connelly’s The Scarecrow more columns » KGB Interview - Elaine Equi KGB Inteview: Shane Lindemoen Review of a Serial Ejaculator: Subway Line 7 and the Antonin Drake Method by J.C. Reyes Review of a Serial Ejaculator: Subway Line 7 and the Antonin Drake Method Winter usually presents the most desperate moments for an exhibitionist. The cold air turns us into exclusive affairs. We linger alone, rush up the stairs apart from our friends, and because it’s always too chilly to stop and talk, we cover our eyes and ears and lips… Gone Alaska by Dave Barrett Chapter Two of “Gone Alaska” Arrival Elfin Cove, Alaska. The Southeast Coast. One month past my eighteenth birthday and I was standing at the forepeak, poised to leap, when the skipper of the purse seiner I’d hitched a ride on from Juneau motioned me back down. “Adam!” the old fisherman yelled, leaving his position at the wheel and coming out… Beside Gravity by Ilana Masad Oh yeah, and I have acid reflux about four times a day, he says. The shrink doesn't note this down, which he finds disrespectful. The acrobats are doing something choreographed now, swinging in tandem and making shapes with their bodies. The clowns are gone. The illusionist stands underneath, though, waving his arms, as if he is controlling the airborne tumblers. Maybe he is. I’m Into Leather by Lori Jakiela “I know this one guy. He brought a bowie knife to one of those workshops once,” Felix said. “He didn’t say anything, just plopped the knife down, wham, like that on the table and gave it a little twirl, like he was spinning a bottle, like he was waiting to be kissed. Nobody said anything to him after that.” Larb, Land-Eating by Zachary Tyler Vickers And maybe this will be enough for Vern to expel me. I won’t graduate. I can stay little longer. How pleased Moms will be by this! She’ll never lose me and I’ll never lose her. Because she’s all I got left of him. She’s all I got left of her. No Way Out: Jason Starr’s “Fake I.D.” by Brendan McCall: Crime Corner By now, fans of Hard Case Crime’s brand of pulp crime fiction already know Jason Starr. Along with the delightfully cynical crime writer Ken Bruen of Ireland, Starr co-authored Bust, Slide, and The Max—a wicked trilogy reveling in dark humor, gratuitous sex & violence, and… Christa Faust’s Money Shot Cashes In Hard Case Crime recently turned 50. The independent publishing house dedicated to all things pulp has published over 50 titles since it opened for business in 2005. And what a business for lovers of crime fiction: HCC not only reissues out of print classics by… Doing It Right: Interview with Gregg Hurwitz Los Angeles. The city of (fallen) angels has lured many crime fiction writers over the years, its truths often stranger than fiction. From Hollywood to Echo Park, L.A. is a siren song of corruption, racial tension, drugs, and silicone implants. Perfect grist for a writer’s… Easyreeder WEEK 1 UNRELIABLE NARRATOR Do you want a reliable narrator? An unreliable narrator? If there is any first-person element to your narration, there’s one answer: all people lie to themselves, all people are unreliable. The question is of degree. While extremely unreliable narrators are fascinating… [CRIME CORNER] Lawrence Block: Romance of the Ordinary Life Lawrence Block, Hit and Run 304 pages, $24.95 Published by William Morrow Keller is back. This spring, Mystery Writers of America Grand Master Lawrence Block rolled out the latest exploits of Keller, full-time assassin and amateur philatelist. Block’s newest novel in 3 years, Hit and… KGB Interview: Tim Bridwell An argument can be made that many of the greatest works of American fiction were forged on the hot end of a harpoon, the weapon that made possible the once nation-shaping, but now extinct, whaling industry on New England’s formidable coast. In Sophronia L. (Folded… KGB Interview - Marc Olmsted by John Wisniewski Recently I had the pleasure of speaking with poet/filmmaker Marc Olmsted (photo left). In our interview we spoke about Marc’s influences, his films, “The Count” and others, as well as filmmaker Kenneth Anger and H.P.Lovecraft. Marc frequently spoke with cohorts William S. Burroughs and Allen… KGB Interview: Iris Smyles One of my favorite recent reads was Iris Has Free Time, by Iris Smyles. Eclectic, funny, fast-paced and also reflective, there was something on every page I liked and found memorable. I am not alone in my excitement, as many reviewers have chimed in with… The Last of the Good Men: Ben H. Winters’s Last Policeman Trilogy by Yutaka Dirks It’s the end of the world and Ben H. Winters feels fine. The best-selling author has just released World of Trouble, the final book in his critically-acclaimed Last Policeman trilogy, which documents a young detective’s final days before a giant world-destroying asteroid hits Earth. The… Telling Tales - David Unger by Nancy Méndez-Booth One writer + One focus = One story An occasional look into pivotal moments in writers’ lives. Writing is, in many ways, translating. Author and translator David Unger sees the connection in that both acts require “[t]he transformation of possibly anarchic coded sources to something… THE LOSS OF ALL LOST THINGS by Amina Gautier by Jenessa Abrams ) no-repeat left top;border:1px solid #000;"> The fifteen stories in The Loss of All Lost Things (Elixir Press) force us to dismantle our understanding of loss, to question what can and cannot be misplaced, to examine failures in fidelity, absences in emotion, lapses in judgment and leaps in behavior all in pursuit of human connection. Revisits: Don DeLillo’s AMERICANA by Jude Warne There is blood on the hands of the American soul. If we are born American citizens, we inherit this stain; but if we begin our lives elsewhere and then choose our American citizenship, we must absorb the stain as a necessary burden. We must prove or disprove through work, destruction, or enlightenment—through choice and action—that, to a point, we are well-suited to our national identity. SUBMISSION by Michel Houellebecq by Nora Rawn More than a scare-mongering screed warning of a coming Muslim invasion of Europe, Houellebecq's thorny, hard-to-decipher novel warns of the dangers of modernism, untethered as it is to a larger belief system. HALF AN INCH OF WATER by Percival Everett "The majority of the characters in these nine stories are dealing with traumas of some sort, whether it be one that occurred long ago or one that happens over the course of their individual story." UPRIGHT BEASTS by Lincoln Michel While Michel’s style is perhaps more closely aligned with the likes of Raymond Carver, his short-shorts call to mind the genius of Lydia Davis, the ability to drop the reader into an unfamiliar environment and wound her before she has time to construct a defense. See articles by contributor on the Contributors' Page » March, 2016, February, 2016, December, 2015, November, 2015, October, 2015, September, 2015, August, 2015, June, 2015, May, 2015, April, 2015, March, 2015, February, 2015, January, 2015, December, 2014, November, 2014, October, 2014, September, 2014, June, 2014, May, 2014, April, 2014, March, 2014, February, 2014, January, 2014, December, 2013, November, 2013, October, 2013, September, 2013, August, 2013, July, 2013, June, 2013, May, 2013, April, 2013, March, 2013, February, 2013, January, 2013, November, 2012, October, 2012, September, 2012, July, 2012, June, 2012, May, 2012, April, 2012, March, 2012, February, 2012, January, 2012, December, 2011, November, 2011, October, 2011, September, 2011, August, 2011,	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line252
__label__wiki	0.663041	0.663041	Home / National / 3 out of 4 S. Koreans Support Overseas Military Operations 3 out of 4 S. Koreans Support Overseas Military Operations Posted on July 29, 2016 by Korea Bizwire in National, Survey & Research with 0 Comments Taken on July 26, a new team of soldiers who will replace their colleagues in the Dongmyung Unit in Lebanon salute in an event held in Incheon, 40 km west of Seoul. (image: Yonhap) SEOUL, July 29 (Korea Bizwire) – Three out of four South Koreans support the military’s overseas peacekeeping operations, a government survey showed Friday. In a telephone survey conducted from July 21-24, 74 percent of 1,000 respondents supported South Korean soldiers’ missions to help restoration and peacekeeping operations in war-torn or conflict-prone areas, the Ministry of National Defense said in a press release. Eight out of 10 male respondents supported Korean soldiers’ overseas activities, while six out of 10 female respondents gave their backing, it said. “The biggest merit for military dispatches lay in South Korea contributing to the international community in handling emergencies,” a ministry official said, citing the results. On the negative side people voiced concerns about safety issues confronting dispatched soldiers in politically and socially unstable environments. At present, there are four South Korean military units operating overseas — the Hanbit Unit in South Sudan, the Dongmyung Unit in Lebanon, the Akh Unit in the UAE and the Cheonghae Unit in Oman — for peacekeeping, restoration, anti-pirate and training missions. Of the units operating abroad the Dongmyung (East Light) Unit made up of some 800 troops has been engaged in peacekeeping operations in Lebanon since July 2007. The 130-strong Akh (Brothers) Unit has been dispatched to the UAE to help train the country’s special forces and protect South Korean residents there since January 2011. Cheonghae Dongmyung Hanbit Military Operation Ex-PM Gets Suspended Jail Term for Bribery Chinese Boats’ Overfishing Dents Squid Haul in East Sea Irregular Workers Account for 33.6 % of Public Sector Employees Japanese Prime Minister Accused of Using Hardline Korea Policy for Political Advantage	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line256
__label__wiki	0.873903	0.873903	Deer Tick & Two Gallants Aus Tour 2013 Hailing from Rhode Island, Deer Tick have captured their rollicking live sound on their fourth and latest offering Divine Providence with an exuberant romp full of youthful energy, driving alt-country noise, furious punk-influenced bar-rock and reflective blues. Deer Tick began as a solo project by frontman John McCauley in 2004, a band that varied in size and members through to 2007 when they released their debut album. Now, 8 years on, Deer Tick still sound as wild-spirited as ever. Two Gallants are alternately explosive and restrained on their aptly titled new album The Bloom and the Blight. Slightly shifting from the San Francisco duo’s folk and blues based past it’s more reflective of their ferocious live shows. “Our past albums have been a lot more folk and blues-based, and I tried to move away from that to some extent,” Stephens says of the band’s fresh direction, “I wanted to find a rawness in the music and take us back where we’d come from, from punk rock and grunge in particular, to our childhood, in some ways.” Friends since they were 5, Adam Stephens (guitar/harmonica/vocals) and Tyson Vogel (drums/vocals) have captured the sound of a new beginning. The Bloom and the Blight celebrates the band’s much anticipated reunion following a multi-year break. It’s a meditation on past and present – melodic fury matched with the eloquent, confessional lyricism that has made Two Gallants an enduring favourite of both fans and critics. In this rare double billing, Deer Tick and Two Gallants acclaimed live shows in such intimate venues are not to be missed. Each on their first visit to Australian shores, Love Police Touring present the dates listed below. www.deertickmusic.com // www.twogallants.com Deer Tick & Two Gallants 2013 08/02/13 Sydney, NSW Annandale Hotel Time: 8:00pm. With Jep & Dep. Tickets from lovepolice.com.au and oztix.com.au Time: 8:30pm. With Adam Eaton. Tickets from lovepolice.com.au and northcotesocialclub.com phone bookings on 1300 724 867 or in person from Monday 9am-6pm, Tuesday–Friday 9am-8pm & Saturday 10am-8pm) via Corner Box Office 57 Swan Street, Richmond SOLD OUT!!! 12/02/13 Perth, WA Perth Festival Tickets and info at perthfestival.com.au	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line270
__label__cc	0.590182	0.409818	The original story can be found at http://m.bpnews.net/45075/firstperson-starspangled-opportunities FIRST-PERSON: Star-spangled opportunities by Diana Davis, posted Thursday, July 02, 2015 (4 years ago) Tags: Fourth of JulyDiana Davis PENSACOLA, Fla. (BP) -- As our country celebrates the Fourth of July, how will you shine for Jesus? Plan ahead to use one of these simple, fresh ideas as an individual, small group or church to show support for elected officials and those assigned to keep peace in your community: -- Purchase a nice Bible for your town's mayor, signed with words of prayer and encouragement. -- An adult class could sign a thank you and prayer card to be delivered with a big sub sandwich tray for the city building. -- Prepare addressed envelopes to government leaders -- from local officials such as the police chief and city council members to senators, congressional representatives and the president. Each person writes one personal prayer note or the entire group could write prayer/thanks notes. -- A children's class draws fire trucks and praying hands for firefighters. Deliver them with homemade cookies. -- Each gesture of encouragement can include a Scripture, church business card or brochure and an invitation to worship. -- Our church did a "Seal a Badge with Prayer" ministry, assigning each individual police officer in our city to a church member for faithful prayer. -- Encourage a chaplain. Check out the "War stories" video clip at namb.net/videos-chaplaincy about our Southern Baptist endorsed chaplains. Call your state convention office for the name of a nearby chaplain you can encourage. -- Hear their story: If you're involved in an adult small group or planning the worship service, consider inviting a chaplain, veteran or returning service member to share a Christian testimony. -- For a weeklong challenge, members of your small group could watch for military, government leaders, police with the intention of personally expressing thanks and promising prayer. Share your stories the following week. -- Faithfully encourage church members who are deployed for our military. Send prayer notes. Check restrictions and prepare a fabulous care box with plenty to share. Include a Bible designed for that branch of the military, available in Christian bookstores. Send an extra Bible to be shared. -- Encourage a military family. If the serviceperson is away from his or her family, ask how your group can assist them. Keep the family on your prayer list, faithfully asking God's protection and wisdom. Do something special for the kids. Know the family's needs. If there's an emergency or illness, be there to help. -- Picnic prayer: Hosting a neighborhood gathering for the 4th? Don't forget to offer a prayer to thank God for government leaders. Why should we pray and express thanks to our nation's leaders? The apostle Paul instructed Christians to pray for kings and all who are in authority, asking God to help them, interceding on their behalf and giving thanks for them. In 1 Timothy 2:3, he wrote, "This is good and pleases God our Savior, who wants everyone to be saved and to understand the truth." There's our reason. Shine! Diana Davis, on the Web at www.dianadavis.org, is an author, columnist and ministry wife in Pensacola, Fla. She is the author of "Fresh Ideas," "Deacon Wives" (B&H Publishing) and the newly released "Six Simple Steps -- Finding Contentment and Joy as a Ministry Wife" (New Hope Publishers). FIRST-PERSON: Earthly fireworks, heaven's splendor FOURTH OF JULY: Let us pray FOURTH OF JULY: Chaplains, fog of war, flow of life FOURTH OF JULY: Past, present & future Francis Scott Key was 'steadfast' Sunday School backer FOURTH OF JULY: My favorite holiday	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line275
__label__wiki	0.818335	0.818335	Find Georgia Hotels About Georgia Hotels Georgia offers a wide selection of hotels, historic inns and bed-and-breakfasts. Properties of historic interest include the antebellum-era 1842 Inn in Macon and the Jekyll Island Club House on Jekyll Island, which was once a ritzy vacation getaway (today's rates are surprisingly affordable). The historic Windsor Hotel in Americus, built as a resort hotel in 1892, has been restored. It's a gem of a Victorian building, with towers, a three-story atrium, an elegant restaurant and true southern gen... Explore all Destinations in Georgia » Top Hotel Destinations For Georgia Dahlonega Grovetown St Simons Island Swainsboro Tybee Island Additional Search Options For Georgia Callaway Gardens Chattahoochee National Forest Chickamauga and Chattanooga National Military Park Okefenokee Swamp and National Wildlife Refuge	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line277
__label__cc	0.588689	0.411311	Discover the past & the contemporary life of the Jewish people in Israel. Includes Eilat and Sabbath in Jerusalem. Explore Israel Jewish Heritage - Its Past & Contemporary Life On Your Own Private Tour - designed especially for travel agents and tour leaders Arrive in Israel. Meet a Noah Tours' representative, who will assist with customs. Proceed to the hotel for dinner and overnight in Tel Aviv. Breakfast at your hotel. We visit the Old Jaffa (Joppa) and the ancient Biblical port, taking a short walking tour in picturesque alleys of the old, fortified town. We will continue through Rothschild Boulevard. We will Visit the Nachalat Binyamin (the arts and crafts open market), with its restored buildings and sidewalk artists. Then continue onto the colourful Carmel Market and then to Sheinkin, a trendy Tel Aviv shopping street. Free time in Tel Aviv for the rest of the day. Dinner and overnight at the hotel in Tel Aviv. Drive north to Caesarea, once the Roman capital of the region. See the excavations of the crusaders' city, the aqueduct, and amphitheatre which have been restored as a concert venue. Proceed to Haifa for a panoramic view from Mount. Drive on the Mediterranean shore to the City of Acre/ Akko, a UNESCO Site - the former capital of the Crusader kingdom and the birthplace of the Bahai religion. Walk along the old harbour city walls and local Oriental markets. Continue to the northernmost point of Israel at Rosh Hanikra. Descend by cable into the sea sculpted cavescool limestone grottoes- carved out of chalk cliffs resulting from the forceful dashing of the sea waves. Enjoy the wonderful colourful view coming from the blue lagoon waters. Dinner and overnight in the Kibbutz Hotel. Free day of relaxation. Breakfast at the hotel. Optional Shabbat worship services. Lunch on your own and leisure time afternoon. Then dinner and overnight in Jerusalem. Drive through the Judean Desert view heading to the Dead Sea location, the lowest place on earth (1200 ft. below sea level. Stop at Qumran, the site where the Dead Sea scrolls were found. Continue to Masada; the last stronghold of the Zealots & the ancient fortress built by King Herod the Great) Ascend by cable car and tour the ancient fortress; visit the remains of the walls, palaces, synagogue, the bathhouses etc. Descend by cable car. At the Dead Sea, enjoy the unique experience of floating on the Dead Sea enjoying the therapeutic mud and mineral-rich water of the Dead Sea. Travel to Eilat for dinner and overnight. Day 10. Eilat After a hotel breakfast, continue to Eilat, the southernmost city in Israel. On the way, we stop at the Solomon Pillars.Then have a tour of Eilat and its vicinity. Visit the Underwater Observatory and enjoy the amazing world of the Red Sea, one of the most exquisite seas in the world. Enjoy the sun the sea and do your shopping in this VAT free zone. Those who wish to visit Petra will have to book prior to the tour. Back to the hotel for dinner and overnight. Early morning breakfast at your hotel. Check out and drive to Sde Boker, a kibbutz in Negev desert of southern Israel; the retirement home and the burial place of the first Israeli Prime Minister – David Ben Gurion. Traveling on to Mitzpeh Ramon for a lunch break and to view Ramon Crater, the largest crater on the earth which contains geological formations unparalleled elsewhere in the world. Continue via Beer Sheba, the Capital city of the Negev whose potential was felt by Abraham, father of the Jewish people who arrived here 3,700 years ago. It is consequently mentioned in the Biblical times as a wayside station, a resting spot, a border point and a ritual center. Continue driving until reach Tel Aviv for dinner and overnight. Breakfast at the hotel and then transfer to Ben Gurion Airport for flight back home. To submit a quote request for your future private customized tour in Israel click here. 12 Day Jewish Heritage, Petra, Egypt Tour	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line278
__label__wiki	0.635301	0.635301	The Song and the Bottle Did music change the taste of wine? Guests joined in with the experiment to find out. With Live music performed by Adam Beattie and Brooke Sharkey. Food Demonstration Gone W Food Demonstration Gone Wrong Two chefs presented their newest food creation together in a site-specific performance for Borough Market’s food demonstration kitchen with disastrous results! Nursery Original Series Nursery Original Series, Nursery Theatre Fri, 2 Oct 2015 11:30 am 11:30 Sat, 17 Oct 2015 12:30 pm 12:30 For the second year for Merge, the Nursery Theatre presented a programme of improvised theatre and comedy. Every Friday and Saturday from the start of October at the Edric Theatre, Borough Road. Caravan Theatre Caravan Theatre Programmed by Robin Linde Productions Thu, 1 Oct 2015 2:00 pm 14:00 Sun, 18 Oct 2015 3:00 pm 15:00 Working with emerging writers, directors and actors, The Caravan Theatre programmed by Robin Steegman brought mystery and immersive theatre productions to a small intimate audience of 4 people at a time. Performers in the 70s gold safari caravan this year included: Sammy Kissin, Judith Amsenga, Annemiek van Elst and Robin Steegman. Chain Reaction TROPE Chain Reaction, TROPE (Carol MacGillivray and Bruno Mathez) TROPE, designers in choreographed time, became artists in residence at the Kirkaldy Testing Works, taking inspiration from the 1874 building made to house the first tensile testing machine in the world. ‘Chain Reaction’ explored the fluid nature of time through action and re-action, in a series of playful, interactive and mechanical artworks. TROPE, working alongside 12 engineers, developed an audio-visual installation that synthesised digital and analogue technology to resuscitate and reframe the guts of the museum. Visitors journeyed through an interactive, liminal and immersive world where the basement space of Kirkaldy Testing Works was re-animated in a unique, ghostly ballet. to 25 Sep Time To Be Late, Various performers Thu, 24 Sep 2015 2:00 pm 14:00 Fri, 25 Sep 2015 3:00 pm 15:00 ‘Time to be Late’ took to the streets. Part evocative bus journey, part site-specific theatrical experience, the public’s daily journey to and from work came alive through a series of energetic and humourous scenes that took place at bus stops and buses along Blackfriars Road. Performers included the award winning Natural Theatre Company who have been making people laugh in nearly 80 countries for over 40 years, and Scotty the Blue Bunny who performed his unique cabaret show. Bompas & Parr The Chamber of Wishes, Bompas & Parr Thu, 24 Sep 2015 2:00 pm 14:00 Sun, 18 Oct 2015 3:00 pm 15:00 Bompas & Parr invited you to make a wish in ‘The Chamber of Wishes’ – an immersive interactive installation in which visitors were able to focus on their hopes and dreams, while also experiencing one of the ocean’s great mysteries up-close and personal. By unveiling the lost rich history of springs, wells and grottos in London’s Bankside, and the rare phenomenon of bioluminescent sea water, Bompas & Parr's aim was to facilitate a truly unique merger between art, science, folklore and the mystery of the natural world. They had enlisted the help of Microbiologist Dr Simon Park to bring one of the ocean’s great secrets to light. The Riverside Stage The Riverside Stage, programmed by New Roots Sat, 19 Sep 2015 4:00 pm 16:00 Sun, 27 Sep 2015 5:00 pm 17:00 The Riverside Stage was on the river walkway by Millennium Bridge and showcased live music throughout the festival. The stage was curated to showcase and promote original song writing and musical talent. Bands this year included winner of the BBC 2 Folk awards ‘Stick in the Wheel’ and the adventurous seven piece band ‘Mishaped Pearls’, nominated for Best Song- Folk Singer in The Independent Music Awards 2014. The Crucible – WHERE SCIE The Crucible – WHERE SCIENTISTS MEET ARTISTS In collaboration with The Dennis Rosen Trust A musician and a neuro physiologist will discuss how music has an effect on people who interact with it. The discussion will culminate with a networking event where people who work in the Sciences can meet and talk to their opposite numbers from the Arts. The event is delivered in collaboration with the Dennis Rosen Trust, and will be taking place for the fourth year at MERGE. On Your Wavelength Marcu On Your Wavelength, Marcus Lyall in collaboration with Rob Thomas and Alex Anpilogov ‘On Your Wavelength’ by Marcus Lyall and Rob Thomas was a site-specific interactive installation which used participants brain data and the latest light and sound technology to create a large-scale immersive light and sound installation. A new commission for MERGE 2015, this spontaneously choreographed digital artwork was created from intersecting thought patterns, via an EEG headset. The laser and sound would then amplify their brain activities to epic, architectural scale. to 8 Jan Colourful Crossings Adam Colourful Crossings, Adam Frank and Office for Crafted Architecture Fri, 18 Sep 2015 2:00 pm 14:00 Fri, 8 Jan 2016 3:00 pm 15:00 Colourful Crossings sees one of the main arteries in Bankside, Southwark Street, transformed into an outdoor gallery with a series of on-street artworks which will bring pedestrian crossings to life. Colourful Crossings marks the first commissions made through the Avenue of Art initiative which will take art out of its traditional gallery contexts and transform public spaces. Better Bankside, a Business Improvement District (BID) which exists to make Bankside a thriving place to live, work and visit, has commissioned three very different artists to bring colour and animation to Southwark Street. TV Times' 60th Anniversar TV Times' 60th Anniversary Fri, 18 Sep 2015 11:30 am 11:30 Sun, 18 Oct 2015 12:30 pm 12:30 In celebration of TV Times 60th anniversary, and as part of the 2015 Merge festival, TV Times and Illuminate Productions showcased a selection of exclusive images from the TV Times vast archives. Many of these, were never seen before images from 6 decades and was on show at 2 venues in the Bankside area, The Blue Fin Building and Platform Southwark. Rendezvous at Midnight Fri, 18 Sep 2015 9:00 am 09:00 Fri, 16 Oct 2015 10:00 pm 22:00 Heady Conduct Theatre presented scenes from Reckless, in the first ever midnight performance at The Rose. Directed by Rebecca Rogers. And more. Fri, 18 Sep 2015 9:00 am 09:00 Mon, 19 Oct 2015 10:00 am 10:00 Tunesday Tue, 15 Sep 2015 8:30 am 08:30 Tue, 13 Oct 2015 9:30 am 09:30 For Tunesdays at Mondrian London, MERGE was in residence at the Dandelyan each Tuesday evening for a series of live music events to showcase and promote original song writing and musical talent. Resonance 104.4fm Radio MERGE Radio shows on Resonance 104.4fm plus Daboriginals Wed, 9 Sep 2015 2:30 pm 14:30 Fri, 16 Oct 2015 3:30 pm 15:30 MERGE collaborated with Resonance fm to produce 4 x 1 hour programmes featuring artists, musicians and performers from the festival. Artists talked about their work, musicians played live, with discussions on topics such as history and digital art. Hosted by Art Terry and Angie Dixon.	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line282
__label__cc	0.620357	0.379643	species-brainstorming SXBRC (Talk \| contribs) m (→Questions) * Is "class" a potentially confusing attribute name, and what should replace it ("taxoclass", perhaps? or "classis"?) Yes I would avoid class as it a frequent keyword in software languages - Tony Prichard * "bin" and "var" are also extremely common terms using in programming languages - Charles Roper * What other attribute names are needed, if any (we could do with help from a taxonomist!) 1 Species Brainstorming 1.1 Andy Mabbett 1.1.1 Proposal 1.1.2 Straw man proposal 1.2 Bill Hull 1.3 Roger Hyam 1.3.1 Taxonomic Databases Working Group Species Brainstorming Andy Mabbett There should, I believe, be a "species" microformat for the markup of plant and animal names, to include their scientific names. Consider: <abbr class="sci" title="Anas platyrhynchos">Mallard</abbr> <span class="sci">Anas platyrhynchos</span> The microformat would allow user agents to be configured to perform look-ups on on-line databases of species, according to user preferences. Specification of the taxonomic class would help user agents to know which such databases were applicable (i.e., use database A for plants, but database B for mammals and database C for insects.) It would also allow for more specific searching (do I mean "crow" or do I mean "Corvus corone"?). The specification should encourage, but not mandate, the correct capitalisation of scientific names, so "Anas platyrhynchos'" not "anas platyrhynchos" nor (except historically) "Anas Platyrhynchos". A reminder that such names should be styled with italics will also be included. Straw man proposal I'm tending towards this model, nested according to components of the microforamt, not taxonomically: sci (scientific name; aka botanical name) (better: taxon; also biota) domain (alternatively: "superregnum") kingdom (alt: "regnum") subkingdom (alt: "subregnum") class (alt: "classis") subclass (alt: "subclassis") infraclass (alt: "infraclassis") superorder (alt: "superordo") order (alt: "ordo") suborder (alt: "subordo") infraorder (alt: "infraordo") parvorder superfamily (alt: "superfamilia") family (alt: "familia") subfamily (alt: "subfamilia") bin ("binomial name") species (="specific epithet") subsp ("subspecies") var ("variety") subvar ("subvariety") cult ("cultivar") cultgp ("cultivar group") cross (e.g. "F1") ? morph trade ("trade name") breed (e.g. Bull Terrier) sense (botanical - see examples) year (...of authority) cname ("common name") ? gender (useful for species exhibiting sexual dimorphism - "find me a picture of a male Pintail"; "I want to buy a female Holly bush" - a binary value, "m" or "f")- see Future development ? age bracket (adult/ juvenile/ seed/ egg/ nymph/ nestling/ pup/ cub/ instar1/ instar2 etc. - needs more work) - see Future development ? count (a number, or represenattion of some other value - none, unspecified, "present", etc) - see Future development where all except "bin" are optional, and it is possible to infer from simply: <abbr class="bin" title="Anas platyrhynchos">Mallard</abbr> <span class="bin">Anas platyrhynchos</span> that the genus is Anas and the species is platyrhynchos (and, thus, "bin" is to "sci"; as "adr" is to "hCard") Extreme case (Pied Wagtail, a bird): <span class="sci"> <span class="domain">Eukarya</span> <span class="kingdom">Animalia</span> <span class="subkingdom">Eumetazoa</span> <span class="superphylum">Deuterostomia</span> <span class="phylum">Chordata</span> <span class="subphylum">Vertebrata</span> <span class="class">Aves</span> <span class="subclass">Neognathae</span> <span class="order">Passeriformes</span> <span class="suborder">Passeri</span> <span class="parvordo">Passerida</span> <span class="superfamily">Passeroidea</span> <span class="family">Motacillidae</span> <span class="bin"> <span class="genus">Motacilla</span> <span class="species">alba</span> <span class="subspecies">yarrellii</span> <span class="cname">Pied Wagtail</span> <span class="authority">Linnaeus</span> <span class="year">1758</span> Simplified equivalent of the above: Sub-species (animal, common name displayed): <span class="bin">Larus glaucoides</span> <span class="sub">kumlieni</span> Variety (plant): <span class="bin">Pisum sativum</span> var. <span class="var">macrocarpon</span> Species (animal, common name displayed): <abbr class="bin" title="Larus thayeri"> <span class="common">Thayer's Gull</span> </abbr> Species (animal, scientific name displayed): <abbr class="common" title="Thayer's Gull"> <span class="bin" Larus thayeri</span> Fungus, kingdom included: <abbr class="kingdom" title="Fungi"> <span class="bin">Amanita muscaria</span> Species (animal, with authority and year): <span class="bin">Pica pica</span> <span class="authority">Linnaeus</span>, (<span class="year">1758</span>) Re-classified species (animal): The species was classified as <abbr class="bin" title="Bartramia longicauda">Tringa longicauda</abbr> by Johann Bechstein in 1812. Is "sci" the best attribute name for the top-level? No - Scott Reynen What do you think would be better? - Andy Mabbett Assuming "sci" is short for "scientific name", I propose "scientific-name". It is. That's 12 extra characters! - Andy Mabbett Taxon is a far better solution [1]. It's short, meaningful and in keeping with the other class types. - Andy Mabbett I think "taxonname" or "taxon-name" would be a better value for the class attribute. It is more descriptive of the data your trying to specify the format of. Taxon refers more to the classification grouping I thought. The class attribute is used frequently for the application of CSS styling so the top level class at least needs to be fairly distinctive I would have thought to avoid clashes with other class attribute values in the page and CSS files. - Tony Prichard The OED defines taxon as "A taxonomic group". See also the URL cited, [2]. - Andy Mabbett I agree that taxon would be the most suitable name. It could be considered as a shortening of TaxonConcept, which is the term used by the TCS [3] or Biota - Andy Mabbett Should "bin", var", "cult", etc., be written in full? (I think not, to save bloating file sizes) Yes - Scott Reynen Should other attribute names be abbreviated for brevity? No, brevity is not one of the naming principles. "bin", "var", and "cult" all leave ambiguous meaning, which is a problem. We should "Use class names based on names from the original schema," e.g. full words or phrases where they aren't especially long. - Scott Reynen Fair enough, though I worry about some of my pages, with tens or hundreds of species listed! Also, note that "var" "sub" and suchlike are the proper abbreviations to use, in botanical nomenclature (see the posted examples). - Andy Mabbett I think a balance will need to be achieved between brevity in the interests of avoiding bloated html in a page with many species names and giving a meaningful name - Tony Prichard Would bloating really be an issue? Many, if not most, servers (including this one) now gzip,deflate content and thus transfer time aren't so much of an issue. The front page of the microformats site states "Designed for humans first and machines second[...]", so unabbreviated terms would be more consistent with this aim. Is "class" a potentially confusing attribute name, and what should replace it ("taxoclass", perhaps? or "classis"?) Yes I would avoid class as it a frequent keyword in software languages - Tony Prichard "bin" and "var" are also extremely common terms using in programming languages - Charles Roper What other attribute names are needed, if any (we could do with help from a taxonomist!) How to deal with: "Podiceps sp." (a grebe of unknown species) How about the following, where we can infer an unknown species by the absence of that attribute?: <span class="bin"><span class="genus">Podiceps</span></span> There are also species aggregates and groups to be considered Grey/Dark Dagger sp., where it is one of two species but where the genus Acronicta cannot be used as there are more than the two species in the genus - Tony Prichard Any suggestions? Or other examples? - Andy Mabbett Should we allow divisions of "bin" with no parent "sci", such as: <span class="bin">Larus glaucoides <span class="sub">kumlieni</span></span> Is the "fungus" example OK, given that Amanita muscaria is not an abbreviation of "funghi"? I do not like the use of the abbr tag at all in the examples given. The abbr tag is for abbreviations with the suggestion that the title is used for the full name. The implication in the Mallard example is that Mallard is an abbreviation for the scientific name, it is not it is a different type of name - Tony Prichard Do the "authority" and "date" pair need a joint wrapper? I first thought that "all except "bin" are optional"; now I'm not so sure. Should be be able to mark up: An unidentified <abbr class="taxoclass" title="Sauropsida">reptile</abbr> Animal hybrids Instead of including gender, age-bracket and count, we could allow for a furture microformat, called, perhpas, "sighting", which might have the components: species (a "species" microformat) set (one or more) age-bracket location (hCard or geo) date-time See West Midland Bird Club's Latest news from Ladywalk and In and around South Staffordshire 2006 (blog) for simple examples. Bill Hull My website has 17000+ photos of 4700+ bird species. There are also a handful of butterflies (organized very poorly as I am unaware of any published butterfly world taxonomies) and shortly will have a number of dragon/damselflies. The site is made up of static pages but is built from a database so it is easy for me to add it new HTML tags to the pages. If you are interested in some prototyping at some point I can probably build stuff into the pages. - Bill Hull Roger Hyam Taxonomic Databases Working Group TDWG is the organisation for standardisation in exchange of biodiversity data. The organisation is currently undergoing a degree of re-organisation and is developing an architecture to integrate the different standards it produces with each other and with those in use in the semantic web and geospatial communities. Part of this architecture will be a central ontology for things like scientific biological names. Because of its role in bridging technologies the application that manages the ontology will need to be able to express the same basic semantics in multiple formats (e.g. RDFS, OWL, Geography Mark Up, OBO etc). It seems logical that this application should also generate basic microformat definitions for each of the classes it contains. If we have an ontology defining 'Taxon Name' and 'specific epithet' for example the same notion should be mapped to as many technologies as possible. TDWG is also supporting a system for Globally Unique Identifiers based on Life Science Identifiers for biodiveristy objects such as taxon names, specimens, herbaria etc which it would be cool to integrate into any microformat. There is a meeting in St Louis, USA, October 2006 where the way forward for the ontology will be discussed. Decisions made at the meeting will govern what is possible. It is difficult to take this further without concensus from that meeting. If it is after October 2006 and you are interested in learning more please contact me (Roger Hyam). Thanks, Roger - it's good to have the involvement of such an august body, especially just before such a fortuitously-scheduled event. Is there any chance (and I realise that this is rather late in the day) that this proposal could be on the agenda in St Louis (even if only through a note in the papers/ programme); or that someone from the microformat community could attend/ speak there? Or that the TDWG and/or conference websites could link to http://microformats.org/wiki/species? - Andy Mabbett species-examples Retrieved from "http://microformats.org/wiki/species-brainstorming" species-brainstorming was last modified: Wednesday, December 31st, 1969	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line285
__label__cc	0.705738	0.294262	2012/05/27 Open Cockpit Day at Castle AFB Museum π 2012-05-27 01:01 in Flying Castle AFB had a open cockpit day, which happens only once a year, so it's a special occasion. For the morning flight, we had to leave IFR but the weather was great in central california. We arrived at Castle Air Museum soon after 09:00 and got a reservation for the B52 tour, which were hard to get: Tat's a busy cockpit in the B52 After the museum, on takeoff, I made sure to overfly the museum for a nice view: The next leg of the flight was to Harris Ranch for lunch, underfortunately, I had a a bit of a downdraft on final, wasn't able to flare as well as I needed, did one bounce that wasn't so bad, but somehow that ended up being enough to crack the windshield. With that, I elected to abort further landing attempts at Harris Ranch since it was unclear what exact state the plane was in, and we just flew back to Palo Alto while overflying the Pinnacles. No juicy steak for us though :( that gave us free AC in the plane, but I could have done without it Pinacles See more images for Open Cockpit Day at Castle AFB Museum	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line288
__label__cc	0.749398	0.250602	When this woman speak, we should listen VERY carefully Don't Go, Don't Kill The recent repeal of the US military policy of "Don't ask, don't tell" is far from being the human rights advancement some are touting it to be. I find it intellectually dishonest, in fact, illogical on any level to associate human rights with any military, let alone one that is currently dehumanizing two populations as well as numerous other victims of it's clandestine "security" policies. Placing this major contention aside, the enactment of the bill might be an institutional step forward in the fight for "equality"; however institutions rarely reflect reality. Do we really think that the US congress vote to repeal the act and Obama signing the bill is going to stop the current systemic harassment of gays in the military? While I am a staunch advocate for equality of marriage and same-sex partnership, I cannot – as a peace activist – rejoice in the fact that now homosexuals can openly serve next to heterosexuals in one of the least socially responsible organisations that currently exists on earth: The US military. It is an organisation tainted with a history of intolerance towards anyone who isn't a Caucasian male from the Mid-West. Even then I'm sure plenty fitting that description have faced the terror and torment enshrined into an institution that transforms the pride and enthusiasm of youth into a narrow zeal for dominating power relations. Wrong battle for equality Well, of course; were we to fight the right battle for equality, there would be a major distribution of money around the globe It is hard to separate this issue from the activities of the military. War might be a "racket", but it is also the most devastating act one can be involved in, whether you are the aggressor or a victimised civilian, no one can shake off the psychological scars of war. No one. Its effects on the individual as well as collective human psyche are terminal. Championing equal rights is an issue of morality, war is immoral, and the US military is heading further and further down the path of immorality. Even with the advent of WikiLeaks, transparency and accountability of US military activity has been sucked into a black hole of silence. Drone attacks, illegal cross-border interventions, extra-judicial assassinations all occur in the name of national interest. It is not in the interest of equal rights activists to support an institution that is intent on ignoring every protocol of human decency. Face it, gays are now and have been in the military since before Valley Forge during the Revolutionary War. The only difference being one can now admit their orientation without fear of official recrimination - a major boon for the equal rights movement! The capacity for increased carnage should not be celebrated as a victory! I cannot help but think about those that are on the receiving end of US military aggression. So a minor change has occurred at the input juncture of the war machine, but the output remains the same: we dismantle systems of indigenous governance, support disingenuous often criminal overlords, commit endless acts of brutality, and worst of all leave entire nations rudderless, spiraling downwards into the same abyss that engulfs the US military's lack of accountability. Say it sister. Testify to the highest mountains and the lowliest of valleys. I wonder what the response towards don't ask, don't will be overseas? I wonder if mothers across the Swat Valley in Northern Pakistan are cheering the repeal of the act (most likely not), gathering in the streets to celebrate a victory in the global pursuit of human equality, only to be forced to take cover as yet another hellfire-laden drone appears on the horizon. Hell hath no fury, as a drone operated from somewhere south of the Mason-Dixon Line. Don't equal human rights extend to those that the Empire has mislabeled as the "enemy"? Or do we now have to ignore the fact that innocent people are being slaughtered by the thousands? Unjust binaries We live in a world governed by binaries, straight or gay, them or us, freedom or tyranny. Until we break away from this norm, we shall forever be shackled to a narrow existence, manipulated by a political establishment that serves its own interests. We should embrace complication, appreciate difference and most of all not be duped into accepting "victories" that clearly benefit an elite, that you and me (pardon the binary) will never be part of. Some of us in the peace movement work really hard to keep our young people out of the hands of the war machine that preys on disadvantaged young people in inner cities and poor rural settings. To see a demographic that is (without appearing to stereotypes) traditionally better educated, more politically progressive, and economically advantaged fight to join this killing machine is very disheartening. I can see how one could view the repeal as a step forward, framed in the context dictated by the political elites of the Washington beltway. I can imagine much displeasure amongst the military brass – but I cannot reiterate enough how this is not a progressive moment in the social history of the United States. The US military is not a human rights organisation and nowhere near a healthy place to earn a living or raise a family. My email box is filled with stories of mostly straight soldiers and their families who were deeply harmed by life in the military. Because of the callous and violent nature of the system, Post Traumatic Stress Disorderactive duty soldiers are skyrocketing. Veterans still find it very difficult to access the services, benefits and bonuses that were promised to them by their recruiters. I cannot imagine the repealing of DADT significantly improving the material conditions experienced by gays during military service. While the children of war profiteers and politicians are protected from any kind of sacrifice, this Empire preys on the rest of our youth – gay/straight; male/female – and spits their mangled or dead bodies onto the dung heap of history, without a qualm or a twinge of conscience. Joining the US military should never be an option for the socially conscious while our troops are being used as corporate tools for profit, or hired assassins for imperial expansion. Soldiers are called: "Bullet sponges," by their superiors and "dumb animals" by Henry Kissinger, the former secretary of state. While soldiers are dehumanised and treated like dirt, they are taught to dehumanise "the other", and treat them as less than dirt. It is a vicious cycle, and the way to stop a vicious cycle is to denounce and reject it, not openly participate. I want to bang my head against a wall when another young gay person commits suicide as a result despicable bullying, yet people within the same community have fought hard for the right to openly join the biggest bully ever! Don't go, don't kill! Osama bin Dead awhile Senate Passes $4.3 Billion Health-Care Bill for Se... Israeli Military Kills sheperd - but of course - s... When this woman speak, we should listen VERY caref... 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__label__wiki	0.606151	0.606151	<A HREF='http://a.tribalfusion.com/h.click/aOmMfjpGrwoHbF3EFi3Wmt4PnFnrYK0GnWXcQ3XGjvnEfT5UrSWUFFWmnTPEU0PGFrStYxYdJwWPjm3cB5XrUZaVmPw56Zb8R6jE4drO0tYLpdau36ZbW4sM9Vc38VGFgRPnwTdF5UFFY3UTqVabtVqJl3d3Nvncmqw/http://www.guffins.com/index.jhtml?partner=YJxdm028&sub_id=16720' TARGET='_blank'> <IMG SRC='http://cdn5.tribalfusion.com/media/2253576/Guffins_02_468x60.jpg' WIDTH=468 HEIGHT=60 ALT='Click Here!' BORDER=0></A> The urge to surge: The US's 30-year high If, as 2011 begins, you want to peer into the future, enter my time machine, strap yourself in, and head for the past, that laboratory for all developments of our moment and beyond. Just as 2010 ended, the American military's urge to surge resurfaced in a significant way. It seems that "leaders" in the Obama administration and "senior American military commanders" in Afghanistan were acting as a veritable WikiLeaks machine. They slipped information to New York Times reporters Mark Mazzetti and Dexter Filkins about secret planning to increase pressure in the Pakistani tribal borderlands, possibly on the tinderbox province of Baluchistan, and undoubtedly on the <a href='http://asianmedia.com/GAAN/www/delivery/ck.php?n=a53e495a&cb=INSERT_RANDOM_NUMBER_HERE' target='_blank'> <img src='http://asianmedia.com/GAAN/www/delivery/avw.php?zoneid=36&cb=INSERT_RANDOM_NUMBER_HERE&n=a53e495a' border='0' alt=''></a> Pakistani government and military via cross-border raids by US Special Operations forces in the new year. In the front-page story those two reporters produced, you could practically slice with a dull knife American military frustration over a war going terribly wrong, over an enemy (shades of Vietnam!) with "sanctuaries" for rest, recuperation, and rearming just over an ill-marked, half-existent border. You could practically taste the chagrin of the military that their war against... well you name it: terrorists, guerrillas, former Islamic fundamentalist allies, Afghan and Pakistani nationalists, and god knows who else... wasn't proceeding exactly swimmingly. You could practically reach out and be seared by their anger at the Pakistanis for continuing to take American bucks by the billions while playing their own game, rather than an American one, in the region If you were of a certain age, you could practically feel (shades of Vietnam again!) that eerily hopeful sense that the next step in spreading the war, the next escalation, could be the decisive one. Admittedly, these days no one talks (as they did in the Vietnam and Iraq years) about turning "corners" or reaching "tipping points," but you can practically hear those phrases anyway, or at least the mingled hope and desperation that always lurked behind them. Take this sentence, for instance: "Even with the risks, military commanders say that using American Special Operations troops could bring an intelligence windfall, if militants were captured, brought back across the border into Afghanistan and interrogated." Can't you catch the familiar conviction that, when things are going badly, the answer is never "less," always "more," that just another decisive step or two and you'll be around that fateful corner? In this single New York Times piece (and other hints about cross-border operations), you can sense just how addictive war is for the war planners. Once you begin down the path of invasion and occupation, turning back is as difficult as an addict going cold turkey. With all the sober talk about year-end reviews in Afghanistan, about planning and "progress" (a word used nine times in the relatively brief, vetted "overview" of that review recently released by the White House), about future dates for drawdowns and present tactics, it's easy to forget that war is a drug. When you're high on it, your decisions undoubtedly look as rational, even practical, as the public language you tend to use to describe them. But don't believe it for a second. Once you've shot up this drug, your thinking is impaired. Through its dream-haze, unpleasant history becomes bunk; what others couldn't do, you fantasize that you can. Forget the fact that crossing similar borders to get similar information and wipe out similar sanctuaries in Cambodia and Laos in the Vietnam War years led to catastrophe for American planners and the peoples of the region. It only widened that war into what in Cambodia would become auto-genocide. Forget the fact that, no matter whom American raiders might capture, they have no hope of capturing the feeling of nationalism (or the tribal equivalent) that, in the face of foreign invaders or a foreign occupation, keeps the under-armed resilient against the mightiest of forces. Think of the American urge to surge as a manifestation of the war drug's effect in the world. In what the Bush administration used to call "the Greater Middle East," Washington is now in its third and grimmest surge iteration. The first took place in the 1980s during the Reagan administration's anti-Soviet jihad in Afghanistan and proved the highest of highs; the second got rolling as the last century was ending and culminated in the first years of the twenty-first century amid what can only be described as delusions of grandeur, or even imperial megalomania. It focused on a global Pax Americana and the wars that extend it into the distant future. The third started in 2006 in Iraq and is still playing itself out in Afghanistan as 2011 commences. In Central and South Asia, we could now be heading for the end of the age of American surges, which in practical terms have manifested themselves as the urge to destabilize. Geopolitically, little could be uglier or riskier on our planet at the moment than destabilizing Pakistan - or the United States. Three decades after the American urge to surge in Afghanistan helped destabilize one imperial superpower, the Soviet Union, the present plans, whatever they may turn out to be, could belatedly destabilize the other superpower of the Cold War era. And what our preeminent group of surgers welcomed as an "unprecedented strategic opportunity" as this century dawned may, in its later stages, be seen as an unprecedented act of strategic desperation. That, of course, is what drugs, taken over decades, do to you: they give you delusions of grandeur and then leave you on the street, strung out, and without much to call your own. Perhaps it's fitting that Afghanistan, the country we helped turn into the planet's leading narco-state, has given us a 30-year high from hell. So, as the New Year begins, strap yourself into that time machine and travel with me back into the 1980s, so that we can peer into a future we know and see the pattern that lies both behind and ahead of us. Getting High in Afghanistan As 2011 begins, what could be eerier than reading secret Soviet documents from the USSR's Afghan debacle of the 1980s? It gives you chills to run across Communist Party General Secretary Mikhail Gorbachev at a Politburo meeting in October 1985, almost six years after Soviet troops first flooded into Afghanistan, reading letters aloud to his colleagues from embittered Soviet citizens ("The Politburo had made a mistake and must correct it as soon as possible - every day precious lives are lost."); or, in November 1986, insisting to those same colleagues that the Afghan war must be ended in a year, "at maximum, two." Yet, with the gut-wrenching sureness history offers, you can't help but know that, even two years later, even with a strong desire to leave (which has yet to surface among the Washington elite a decade into our own Afghan adventure), imperial pride and fear of loss of "credibility" would keep the Soviets fighting on to 1989. Or what about Marshal Sergei Akhromeev offering that same Politburo meeting an assessment that any honest American military commander might offer a quarter century later about our own Afghan adventure: "There is no single piece of land in this country that has not been occupied by a Soviet soldier. Nevertheless, the majority of the territory remains in the hands of the rebels." Or General Boris Gromov, the last commander of the Soviet 40th Army in Afghanistan, boasting "on his last day in the country that ‘[n]o Soviet garrison or major outpost was ever overrun.'" Or Andrei Gromyko, chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet, emphasizing in 1986 the strategic pleasure of their not-so-secret foe, that other great imperial power of the moment: "Concerning the Americans, they are not interested in the settlement of the situation in Afghanistan. On the contrary, it is to their advantage for the war to drag out." (The same might today be said of a far less impressive foe, al-Qaeda.) Or in 1988, with the war still dragging on, to read a "closed" letter the Communist Party distributed to its members explaining how the Afghan fiasco happened (again, the sort of thing that any honest American leader could say of our Afghan war): "In addition, [we] completely disregarded the most important national and historical factors, above all the fact that the appearance of armed foreigners in Afghanistan was always met with arms in the hands [of the population]... One should not disregard the economic factor either. If the enemy in Afghanistan received weapons and ammunition for hundreds of millions and later even billions of dollars, the Soviet-Afghan side also had to shoulder adequate expenditures. The war in Afghanistan costs us 5 billion roubles a year." Or finally the pathetic letter the Soviet Military Command delivered to the head of the UN mission in Afghanistan on February 14, 1989, arguing (just as the American military high command would do of our war effort) that it was "not only unfair but even absurd to draw... parallels" between the Soviet Afghan disaster and the American war in Vietnam. That was, of course, the day the last of 100,000 Soviet soldiers - just about the number of American soldiers there today - left Afghan soil heading home to a sclerotic country bled dry by war, its infrastructure aging, its economy crumbling. Riddled by drugs and thoroughly demoralized, the Red Army limped home to a society riddled by drugs and thoroughly demoralized led by a Communist Party significantly delegitimized by its disastrous Afghan adventure, its Islamic territories from Chechnya to Central Asia in increasing turmoil. In November of that same year, the Berlin Wall would be torn down and not long after the Soviet Union would disappear from the face of the Earth. Reading those documents, you can almost imagine CIA director William Webster and "his euphoric ‘Afghan Team'" toasting the success of the Agency's 10-year effort, its largest paramilitary operation since the Vietnam War. The Reagan administration surge in Pakistan and Afghanistan had been profligate, involving billions of dollars and a massive propaganda campaign, as well as alliances with the Saudis and a Pakistani dictator and his intelligence service to fund and arm the most extreme of the anti-Soviet jihadists of that moment - "freedom fighters" as they were then commonly called in Washington. It's easy to imagine the triumphalist mood of celebration in Washington among those who had intended to give the Soviet Union a full blast of the Vietnam effect. They had used the "war" part of the Cold War to purposely bleed the less powerful, less wealthy of the two superpowers dry. As President Reagan would later write in his memoirs: "The great dynamic of capitalism had given us a powerful weapon in our battle against Communism - money. The Russians could never win the arms race; we could outspend them forever." By 1990, the urge to surge seemed a success beyond imagining. Forget that it had left more than a million Afghans dead (and more dying), that one-third of that impoverished country's population had been turned into refugees, or that the most extreme of jihadists, including a group that called itself al-Qaeda, had been brought together, funded, and empowered through the Afghan War. More important, the urge to surge in the region was now in the American bloodstream. And who could ever imagine that, in a new century, "our" freedom fighters would become our sworn enemies, or that the Afghans, that backward people in a poor land, could ever be the sort of impediment to American power that they had been to the Soviets? The Cold War was over. The surge had it. We were supreme. And what better high could there be than that? Fever dreams of military might With the Soviet Union gone, there was no military on the planet that could come close to challenging the American one, nor was there a nascent rival great power on the horizon. Still, a question remained: After centuries of great power rivalry, what did it mean to have a "sole superpower" on planet Earth, and what path should that triumphant power head down? It took a few years, including passing talk about a possible "peace dividend" - that is, the investment of monies that would have gone into the Cold War, the Pentagon, and the military in infrastructural and other domestic projects - for this question to be settled, but settled it was, definitively, on September 12, 2001. And for all the unknown paths that might have been taken in this unique situation, the one chosen was familiar. It was, of course, the very one that had helped lead the Soviet Union to implosion, the investment of national treasure in military power above all else. However, to those high on the urge to surge and now eager to surge globally, when it came to an American future, the fate of the Soviet Union seemed no more relevant than what the Afghans had done to the Red Army. In those glory years, analogies between the greatest power the planet had ever seen and a defeated foe seemed absurd to those who believed themselves the smartest, clearest-headed guys in the room. Previously, the "arms race," like any race, had involved at least two, and sometimes more, great powers. Now, it seemed, there would be something new under the sun, an arms race of one, as the US prepared itself for utter dominance into a distant, highly militarized future. The military-industrial complex would, in these years, be further embedded in the warp and woof of American life; the military expanded and privatized (which meant being firmly embraced by crony corporations and hire-a-gun outfits of every sort); and the American "global presence" - from military bases to aircraft-carrier task forces - enhanced until, however briefly, the United States became a military presence unique in the annals of history. Thanks to the destructive acts of 19 jihadis, the urge to surge would with finality overwhelm all other urges in the fall of 2001 - and there would be a group ready for just such a moment, for (as the newspaper headlines screamed) a "Pearl Harbor of the twenty-first century." To take full stock of that group, however, we would first have to pilot our time machine back to June 3, 1997, the day a confident crew of Washington think-tank, academic, and political types calling themselves the Project for the New American Century (PNAC) posted a fin de si่cle "statement of principles." In it, they called for "a military that is strong and ready to meet both present and future challenges; a foreign policy that boldly and purposefully promotes American principles abroad; and national leadership that accepts the United States' global responsibilities." Crucially, they were demanding that the Clinton administration, or assumedly some future administration with a better sense of American priorities, "increase defense spending significantly." The 23 men and two women who signed the initial PNAC statement urging the United States to go for the military option in the twenty-first century would, however, prove something more than your typical crew of think-tank types. After all, not so many years later, after a disputed presidential election settled by the Supreme Court, Dick Cheney would be vice president; I Lewis ("Scooter") Libby would be his right-hand man; Donald Rumsfeld would be secretary of defense, Paul Wolfowitz, deputy secretary of defense; Zalmay Khalilzad, head of the Bush-Cheney transition team at the Department of Defense and then the first post- invasion US ambassador to Afghanistan, as well as ambassador to Iraq and UN ambassador; Elliot Abrams, special assistant to the president with a post on the National Security Council; Paula Dobriansky, undersecretary of state for democracy and global affairs; Aaron Friedberg, deputy assistant for national security affairs and director of policy planning in the office of the vice president; and Jeb Bush, governor of Florida. (Others like John Bolton, who signed on to PNAC later, would be no less well employed.) This may, in fact, be the first example in history of a think-tank coming to power and actually putting its blue-sky suggestions into operation as government policy, or perhaps it's the only example so far of a government-in-waiting masquerading as an online think tank. In either case, more than 13 years later, the success of that group can still take your breath away, as can both the narrowness - and scope - of their thinking, and of their seminal document, "Rebuilding America's Defenses," published in September 2000, two months before George W Bush took the presidency. This crew of surgers extraordinaires was considering a global situation that, as they saw it, offered Americans an "unprecedented strategic opportunity." Facing a new century, their ambitions were caught by James Peck in his startling upcoming book, Ideal Illusions: How the US Government Co-opted Human Rights, in this way: "In the [Reagan] era, Washington organized half the planet; in the [Bush era] it sought to organize the whole." "Rebuilding America's Defenses," if remembered at all today, is recalled mainly for a throwaway sentence that looked ominous indeed in retrospect: "Further, the process of transformation [of the military], even if it brings revolutionary change, is likely to be a long one, absent some catastrophic and catalyzing event - like a new Pearl Harbor." It remains, however, a remarkable document for other reasons. In many ways canny about the direction war would take in the near future, ranging from the role of drones in air war to the onrushing possibility that cyber-war (or "Net-War," as they called it) would be the style of future conflict, it was a clarion call to ensure this country's "unchallenged supremacy" into the distant future by military means alone. In 1983, in an address to the National Association of Evangelicals, president Ronald Reagan famously called the Soviet Union an "evil empire." It wanted, as he saw it, what all dark empires (and every evildoer in any James Bond film) desires: unchallenged dominion over the planet - and it pursued that dominion in the name of a glorious "world revolution." Now, in the name of American safety and the glories of global democracy, we were - so the PNAC people both pleaded and demanded - to do what only evil empires did and achieve global dominion beyond compare over planet Earth. We could, they insisted in a phrase they liked, enforce an American peace, a Pax Americana, for decades to come, if only we poured our resources, untold billions - they refused to estimate what the real price might be - into war preparations and, if necessary, war itself, from the seven seas to the heavens, from manifold new "forward operating bases on land" to space and cyberspace. Pushing "the American security perimeter" ever farther into the distant reaches of the planet (and "patrolling" it via "constabulary missions") was, they claimed, the only way that "US military supremacy" could be translated into "American geopolitical preeminence." It was also the only that the "homeland" - yes, unlike 99.9% of Americans before 9/11, they were already using that term - could be effectively "defended." In making their pitch, they were perfectly willing to acknowledge that the United States was already a military giant among midgets, but they were also eager to suggest as well that our military situation was "deteriorating" fast, that we were "increasingly ill-prepared" or even (gasp!) in "retreat" on a planet without obvious enemies. They couldn't have thought more globally. (They were, after all, visionaries, as druggies tend to be.) Nor could they have thought longer term. (They were 21st century mavens.) And on military matters, they couldn't have been more up to date. Yet on the most crucial issues, they - and so their documents - couldn't have been dumber or more misguided. They were fundamentalists when it came to the use of force and idolaters on the subject of the US military. They believed it capable of doing just about anything. As a result, they made a massive miscalculation, mistaking military destructiveness for global power. Nor could they have been less interested in the sinews of global economic power (though they did imagine our future enemy to be China). Nor were they capable of imagining that the greatest military power on the planet might be stopped in its tracks - in the Greater Middle East, no less - by a ragtag crew of Iraqis and Afghans. To read "Rebuilding America's Defenses" today is to see the rabbit hole down which, as if in a fever dream, we would soon disappear. It was a genuine American tragedy that they came to power and proceeded to put their military-first policies in place; that, on September 12 of the year that "changed everything," the PNAC people seized the reins of defense and foreign policy, mobilized for war, began channeling American treasure into the military solution they had long desired, and surged. Oh, how they surged! That urge to surge was infamously caught in notes on Rumsfeld's comments taken on September 11, 2001. "[B]arely five hours after American Airlines Flight 77 plowed into the Pentagon ... Rumsfeld was telling his aides to come up with plans for striking Iraq," even though he was already certain that al-Qaeda had launched the attack. ("'Go massive,' the notes quote him as saying. 'Sweep it all up. Things related and not.'") And so they did. They swept up everything and then watched as their dreams and geopolitical calculations were themselves swept into the dustbin of history. And yet the urge to surge, twisted and ever more desperate, did not abate. The Soviet path To one degree or another, we have been on the Soviet path for years and yet, ever more desperately, we continue to plan more surges. Our military, like the Soviet one, has not lost a battle and has occupied whatever ground it chose to take. Yet, in the process, it has won less than nothing at all. Our country, still far more wealthy than the Soviet Union ever was, has nonetheless entered its Soviet phase. At home, in the increasing emphasis on surveillance of every sort, there is even a hint of what made "soviet" and "totalitarian" synonymous. The US economy looks increasingly sclerotic; moneys for an aging and rotting infrastructure are long gone; state and city governments are laying off teachers, police, even firefighters; Americans are unemployed in near record numbers; global oil prices (for a country that has in no way begun to wean itself from its dependence on foreign oil) are ominously on the rise; and yet taxpayer money continues to pour into the military and into our foreign wars. It has recently been estimated, for instance, that after spending $11.6 billion in 2011 on the training, supply, and support of the Afghan army and police, the US will continue to spend an average of $6.2 billion a year at least through 2015 (and undoubtedly into an unknown future) - and that's but one expense in the estimated $120 billion to $160 billion a year being spent at present on the Afghan War, what can only be described as part of America's war stimulus package abroad. And, the talk for 2011 is how to expand the American ground war - the air version of the same has already been on a sharp escalatory trajectory - in Pakistan. History and common sense assure us that this can only lead to further disaster. Clear-eyed leaders, military or civilian, would never consider such plans. But Washington's 30-year high in the region, that urge to surge still coursing through its veins, says otherwise, and it's not likely to be denied. Sooner than later, Washington, the Pentagon, and the US military will have to enter rehab. They desperately need a 12-step program for recovery. Until then, the delusions and the madness that go with surge addiction are not likely to end. Tom Engelhardt, co-founder of the American Empire Project, runs the Nation Institute's TomDispatch.com. He is the author of The End of Victory Culture, a history of the Cold War and beyond, as well as of a novel, The Last Days of Publishing. He also edited The World According to TomDispatch: America in the New Age of Empire (Verso, 2008), an alternative history of the mad Bush years. His latest book is The American Way of War: How Bush's Wars Became Obama's (Haymarket Books), (Used by permission Tomdispatch) (Copyright 2011 Tom Engelhardt.) 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Charles M Blow publishes an excellent column - the... An excellent Bob Herbert Column A better column by Gail Collins than we are used t...	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line292
__label__cc	0.641274	0.358726	SHREE SAI NATH DOCUMENTATION INDIA PVT.LTD Marriage Certificate Attestation Authentication Apostille Embassy Attestation Embassy Legalization All Indian Document Attestation Contact @ +91 83 7606 8674 or +91-11-2605 2605 Email: info@shreesaidocumentation.com Marriage Certificate Apostille, Legalization or Attestation is required when a person is going abroad for study, job or migration purpose. The Apostille of Marriage Certificate could be completed after the Attestation of the General Administrative Department or the Regional Attestation Department or the Home Department of the issuing state of India. The Apostille authority is the Ministry of External Affairs (MEA), Government of India. The Marriage Certificate Apostille is required only and only if the destination Country is the Hague Conventional Country (HCC). 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__label__wiki	0.782695	0.782695	So... what's up today? Hey, if I can believe fairies can mummify, I can believe this Man with camera snaps pic of "guardian angel" at the Vatican. Hey, if I can believe people voted for Dumbya twice, I can believe this "Mummified remains of a fairy have been discovered in the Derbyshire countryside." More cat food recalls M/D Dry Cat Food is being pulled -- does your vet know? Hill's Pet Nutrition, Inc. is voluntarily recalling Prescription Diet m/d Feline dry food from the market. Hill's is taking this precautionary action because during a two-month period in early 2007, wheat gluten for this product was provided by a company that also supplied wheat gluten to Menu Foods. U.S. Food and Drug Administration tests of wheat gluten samples from this period show the presence of a small amount of melamine. Update: Alpo canned dog food added to the recall list. Hey, K-dog, don't keep your day-job, either From the western wing to the Crawford ranch Karl Rove is destroying the executive branch He has no scruples and I don't mean maybe He said John McCain had a secret black baby … Fuck that guy! -- Jon Stewart rips Tone Def MC Rove. Crooks and Liars has the video. Faces for feces mAnn Coulter toilet paper. Pa-the-tic Fox "News" presents a special investigative report on government malfeasance and high-level administration conspiracy. That's right -- it's another menopausal-like attack of Sandy Berger. Bonus: the host of the show is fittingly named Asman. Sweet chocolate Jesus, it's Caturday! Egon and SpiceGirl rest up between naps -- The George W. Bush screw-ups collector's plates series Contains NSFW language - :: giggle :: Headline of the day Chancellor acted on best advice -Balls Yeah, but did they tell him to "be a golf pro"? Obama rips into Boy King, draws enthusiastic applause Also a threat, from the RNC -- Democratic presidential candidate Barack Obama on Friday accused [the Dictator-tot] of failing to respect the Constitution amid the uproar over the firing of eight federal prosecutors. "I was a constitutional law professor, which means unlike the current president I actually respect the Constitution," Obama told an audience at a campaign fundraiser. "I believe in an attorney general who is actually the people's lawyer, not the president's lawyer." Responding to Obama's comments, Dan Ronayne, a spokesman for the Republican National Committee, said, "Senator Obama needs to understand that at this level words matter and he will be scrutinized." Dude, fucking get a clue. If you want to "scrutinize" something, I've got a whole fucking long list, you dandruff-eating congenitally clueless asswipe. Ahhhhhh! Here comes Dick Cheney!! Pic from here. Jesse Jackson pissed at the CBC Rev. Jesse Jackson today denounced the Congressional Black Caucus’s planned presidential debate partnership with FOX "News." He called for yesterday’s decision to be reversed and for presidential candidates not to attend the debate. Jackson said, “I am disappointed by the Congressional Black Caucus Institute's partnership with FOX, and strongly encourage them to reverse that decision. Why would presidential candidates, or an organization that is supposed to advocate for Black Americans, ever give a stamp of legitimacy to a network that continually marginalizes Black leaders and the Black community?" Carol has a beautiful photo of a comet and galaxies up. I love space pics. Also a link to cheesecam. Man, those have gotta hurt -- Bob Geiger has the Saturday toons. I don't care if it rains or freezes, long as I got my chocklit Jesus... the General writes a letter to Bill Donohue, concerning the sweet Holy Wang. Niger, please Whereby our hero calls upon the Secretary of State to testify about the misadministration's lies. No, the other ones. Henry Waxman has invited Condoleezza Rice to testify before his panel on whether Saddam Hussein's government tried to acquire uranium yellowcake from Niger. Waxman wants Rice to answer questions about the "fabricated intelligence about Iraq's efforts to obtain uranium from Niger to justify launching the Iraq war." Turdblossom circling the drain - paraphrasing Gordon. Multiple sources reported today that a top aide to Karl Rove will soon step down from her job in the White House. The aide, Sara M. Taylor, was identified in yesterday's hearing with a former top Justice Department official as seeking the resignation of a US Attorney in Arkansas. She could still face a subpoena, RAW STORY learned. The House Oversight and Government Reform Committee today requested that former Special Assistant to the President, Susan Ralston, appear at a deposition on Apr. 5th, as part of the committee's ongoing investigation into the connection between the White House and lobbyist Jack Abramoff. Ralston, who was a deputy to White House Adviser Karl Rove between 2001 and 2006, appeared frequently in emails collected in the case. This is in addition to Henry Waxman's demand for info regarding Karl's possibly illegal power-point slide show to the GSA targeting Democrats. My laser-eyes will destroy you, squirrel! Mwahahahaha! No. No no no no no no no no no no no Republican't presidential longshot Mitt Romney's list of possible potential running mates includes Newt Gingrich and Jeb, the somewhat-smarter Bush brother. "I love him. If his name weren't Bush, he'd be running for president, I'm convinced," said Romney. Braaaaaaaaaaaack.... Mmmmmm... chocolate Jesus... Morally bankrupt -- but damned delicious A 6-foot milk-chocolate sculpture of Jesus Christ, dubbed “My Sweet Lord” by its creator, has left a sour taste in the mouths of a Catholic group infuriated by the anatomically correct confection. Rethugs panic, try to freeze hearing In his Senate testimony yesterday, Kyle Sampson tried to be a “loyal Bushie,” a term Mr. Sampson used in his infamous e-mail message to describe what he was looking for in United States attorneys. But if Mr. Sampson was trying to fall on his sword, he had horrible aim. In testimony that got so embarrassing for the White House that the Republicans tried to cut it off, Mr. Sampson simply ended up making it clearer than ever that the eight prosecutors were fired for political reasons... The administration insists that purge was not about partisan politics. But Mr. Sampson’s alternative explanation was not very credible — that the decision about which of these distinguished prosecutors should be fired was left in the hands of someone as young and inept as Mr. Sampson. If this were an aboveboard, professional process, it strains credulity that virtually no documents were produced when decisions were made, and that none of his recommendations to Mr. Gonzales were in writing. It is no wonder that the White House is trying to stop Congress from questioning Mr. Rove, Harriet Miers, the former White House counsel, and other top officials in public, under oath and with a transcript. The more the administration tries to spin the prosecutor purge, the worse it looks. Waxman requests documents from Rove No, regarding the other misadministration scandal Dear Karl: Yesterday, the Committee held a hearing into allegations of misconduct at the General Services Administration (GSA). One of the allegations involved a political presentation that your deputy, J. Scott Jennings, made to the GSA Administrator, Lurita A. Doan, and approximately 40 GSA political appointees in the GSA headquarters building on January 26, 2007. Just what the fuck did you think you were doing, you crooked little scumbag? I ask that you provide the Committee with any documents and communications relating to (1) the presentation of the PowerPoint presentation or any similar presentation mentioning future elections or candidates to federal officials and (2) the use of federal agencies or resources to help Republican candidates. I request that you answer the Committee’s questions and provide the requested documents by April 13, 2007, otherwise your dog gets it. Henry A. Waxman, Chairman cc: Tom Davis, Ranking Minority Dipshit Alberto's BFF, Dear Leader, busy... ummm... "doin' stuff" Preznit Loyaltude isn't ridin' to the rescue of his Texas pardner Alberto Gonzales, after Kyle Sampson cut his old boss's nuts off at the Senate Judiciary Committee inquiry yesterday and waved them around his head like a flag. Publicly, the White House backed away from defending Gonzales even before Sampson had finished testifying. "I'm going to have to let the attorney general speak for himself," White House spokeswoman Dana Perino said. Please welcome... Undeniable Liberalism, Knock Knock, and The Political Cat! Duuhuhhuhh "When we've got a troop in harm's way, we expect that troop to be fully funded." - Veto McAwol, 3/29/07. A "troop."	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line294
__label__wiki	0.579843	0.579843	MotoStar South Africa \| Motorcycle News \| Bike Forum \| Online Store \| Biker Gear \| News \| Events \| Calendar \| MotoGP \| WSB \| Trail Riding \| Tours \| Helmets \| Adverts Honda NSF 100 Cup Exotic Bikes Casey Stoner Quits MotoGP - Friday, May 18, 2012 Casey Stoner to Quit MotoGP at the end of 2012 Pierre Terblanche To Norton - Tuesday, February 15, 2011 South African Designer Pierre Terblanche joins then quits Norton 2011 Kawasaki ZX-10R - Tuesday, February 15, 2011 2011 Kawasaki ZX-10R finally launched Ducati V4 Superbike - Monday, February 14, 2011 Read about Ducati's plans for a Rossi inspired V4 sportsbike Which form of two wheel racing do you prefer to watch on TV? SA Superbikes Submit Survey View Results MotoGP Rumour Mill - Rossi to Quit? The MotoGP Rumour Mill is in full swing and this year seems to be full of rather crazy speculation. The biggest news by far is the rumour that Rossi intends to quit at the end of 2012 or even before. British newspaper The Daily Telegraph published a story recently that speculates that Rossi has told those close to him that this will be his final season in MotoGP. There is even talk of his last race being at Misano this year. Rossi has dismissed the rumours, but as always, where there is smoke, there is a story... It is widely expected that Rossi's crew chief Jeremy Burgess will quit MotoGP at the end of this year, for personal reasons. At Assen this weekend the rumours have got even wilder, as Cal Crutchlow has openly admitted that he is talking to Ducati, because he is after a factory ride. His logic is that he is beating Ben Spies who has the other Yamaha factory bike, while Crutchlow is on the Satellite Tech3 Yamaha under Herve Poncheral. However as Crutchlow seems to rate the word 'Factory" with higher value than the actual performance of the machine, his logic seems to be a bit flawed. How he can equate a Factory Yamaha with a Factory Ducati at the present moment is beyond current comprehension. The only logical explanation or analysis of his thinking would be that he rates his own riding skill not only better than Spies, but also better than Hayden and Rossi. Perhaps Crutchlow believes that if he was on the Ducati, he would be a title contender? Nicky Hayden is stuck right in the middle of all this, as Ducati are not yet offering him anything for next year, despite the fact that he is faring better than the paddock favourite - Valentino Rossi on the troubled Ducati. The Ducati team, have cited the Audi takeover as reason why they have not been able to finalise contracts for 2013, but that has not stopped them talking to Crutchlow... (did anybody say fickle?) Then there is the rumour that Rossi is going to ride for Repsol Honda next year to replace Casey Stoner? Sounds outrageous that Honda would even consider having Rossi back after all the nasty things he has had to say about them, but stranger things have happened. The final news of the weekend, lets me have a dig at the European organisers of the MotoGP series. After Casey Stoner publicly condemning the "Rookie Rule", which prevents MotoGP rookies riding for a factory team, (a rule which prevented both Stoner and Spies from getting factory rides in their rookie year, but was not around when Rossi moved from 250 to 500), The organisers have now decided to scrap the rule... just in time for Marc Marquez to step up next year with Repsol Honda into a MotoGP factory ride. Now that stinks as far as I am concerned. I have nothing against Marquez, I think he is a fantastic rider, but it certainly looks a bit dodgy to me to remove the rule at this point. Stoner cited this rule as one of the things "wrong with MotoGP", saying that it was things like this that made him tired of being a part of the sport. The problem is that there is no real opportune time to remove a rule that should never have been made in the first place, as the people being favoured by its removal will benefit, and those who were subjected to it will never be compensated, so it just reinforces that fact that the people who organise the sport are not thinking these things through. We all know that sport and politics should not mix, but it's even worse when the politics in the sport spoil the sport for all concerned. Assen - Stoner Wins, Lorenzo Taken Out What a disappointing weekend! At one of the best tracks on the calendar, Assen is known as the "Cathedral Of Speed". The Assen race has been part of the premier racing calendar since 1947 and we were all looking forward to an exciting race, but it was not to be. Championship leader Jorge Lorenzo was taken out on the first corner of the race by Alvaro Bautista, who went in way too hot, failing to turn his San Carlo Honda and hitting Lorenzo like a sidewinder missile. Bautista has been penalised for the risky move, being found guilty after Yamaha lodged a protest, he will now start from the back of the grid at the next round at Sachesnring. Lorenzo, understandably furious, has lost his 25 point lead through no fault of his own, which just goes to show that racing is as much about luck as anything else. Assen is certainly an unlucky place for Lorenzo, having been taken out last year at the same race by another rider. In an extremely boring race, dominated by the two factory Hondas of Stoner, and Pedrosa, we saw the lead change once only when Stoner overtook Pedrosa towards the end, after biding his time all race long. Pedrosa once again proved why he will always be the bridesmaid, no matter what team he is riding for. On identical machinery, Stoner whipped his butt and, pulled out enough lead to make sure there would be no final challenge from his team mate. Other notable disappointments of the day included Rossi pitting mid race with a worn out rear tyre, while Nicky Hayden on the same bike, ran full distance, so that would indicate a different setup between the two riders, or a completely different riding style that allowed Hayden to run full race distance, or maybe Hayens tyre choice was different? Colin Edwards also retired early due to technical problems on his CRT machine. I suspect that it might be the last season in the premier class for Edwards, surely it's time for him to call it quits now? MotoStar Now Appointed Nankang Tyre Distributor Copyright 2003 - 2014 Motostar South Africa	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line298
__label__cc	0.584101	0.415899	Board index » Commander - Rules and Format » Rules Discussion When are Commanders Revealed? Moderators: Genomancer, Sheldon, papa_funk Post subject: When are Commanders Revealed? Posted: 2019-May-04 12:11 pm Joined: 2010-Dec-14 4:04 pm Age: Dragon So, I played with somebody today that claimed that he did not have to reveal his commander until everyone had finished mulliganing. After looking into it, I can definitely see an argument for that between rule 8: Commanders begin the game in the Command Zone. While a Commander is in the command zone, it may be cast, subject to the normal timing restrictions for casting creatures. Its owner must pay {2} for each time it was previously cast from the command zone; this is an additional cost. and the pregame procedure rules from the MTR 2.3: The game is considered to have begun once all players have completed taking mulligans. I have never seen anyone use this before, and I am asking because it was honestly a very bad experience for me. Game report in spoiler: I thought it was kinda cool at first, I picked Zacama (which I was going to pick anyway) and put it face down like this player and everyone else had decided to do. So I keep my first hand (lands, 2 creatures, and a Planar Cleansing). He then reveals he is playing Isamaru, Hound of Konda. It then occurs to me, "huh, I probably wouldn't have played this deck if I had known that, because I don't have much defense early but I hose his deck really hard if the game goes long, so one of us is going to have a bad time." It also occurs to me that my hand is pretty weak to early Isamaru attacks, so I probably would have mulliganed as well. (Oh well, I can just Planar Cleansing). Anyway, he kills me on turn 5 (Land Tax + Empyrial Plate) plus making his creature pro-red for 3 turns in a row (my two creatures and the one I later drew were all red). Maybe I should have been more suspicious and played a stronger or more interactive deck, but I had watched his last game and he was playing Phelddagrif and trying to help get the mana-screwed player back in the game so I figured he was alright. So I guess that if that is a legal way to start the game, then it's just a rock-paper-scissors. I try to play decks that will be fun for me and my opponents. Like if my friend wants to play his Ruric Thar deck, I won't switch to my all-creature Sapling of Colfenor, but I also won't play my all-Equipment Sram, Senior Edificer deck. Sygg, River Cutthroat: Ninjas, Rogues, Ophidians Rosheen Meanderer: Hydras Sapling of Colfenor: Toughness > Power Riku: Pump Spells Teneb: Life Manipulation Kiki-Jiki: Big Red Geth: Nim Kodama of the North Tree: Hard Mode Voltron Nin: Elementals Sram: Jankstorm Zur: Zombies Rhys the Redeemed: Aura Voltron Chandra, Fire of Kaladesh: Chandras Ojutai, Soul of Winter: Tap Out Control Alesha: Allies Inalla: Treasures Vial Smasher: Lava Axes Atraxa: Counterless Keywords Ludevic and Tymna: Curses Post subject: Re: When are Commanders Revealed? Posted: 2019-May-04 6:54 pm That player was incorrect. Per the Comp rules the Commander is put face up in the Command zone, then the other 99 are shuffled, and hands are drawn. "903.6. At the start of the game, each player puts their commander from their deck face up into the command zone. Then each player shuffles the remaining 99 cards of their deck so that the cards are in a random order. Those cards become the player’s library." Thor_Naadoh Joined: 2009-Jun-02 3:54 am Location: Germany, near Berlin Most often I'll choose my Commander face down, then start shuffling. As soon as all players have chosen/announced, I reveal my choice. To avoid choices being based on other players' decisions, I'll always ask my opponents to do so, too. too many, and always changing... except: Rakdos, Lord of Riots (Demon Tribal) Melek, Izzet Paragon (Dragonstorm) -> these must stay because of a house rule spacemonaut MRHblue wrote: Interestingly not as clear cut in the official rules on this site: MtgCommander.net rules § Play wrote: 8. Commanders begin the game in the Command Zone. While a Commander is in the command zone, it may be cast, subject to the normal timing restrictions for casting creatures. Its owner must pay {2} for each time it was previously cast from the command zone; this is an additional cost. Decks: Chaos colored dragons, Mathas, the Instigator (politics and mayhem). Beloved precons: Atraxa, Praetors' Voice; Saskia the Unyielding; Freyalise, Llanowar's Fury. Mr Degradation Joined: 2017-Mar-11 6:43 am Honestly, this is all pretty moot in my own experience. When I go to a table, I put my commander face up on the table,and begin shuffling my deck. Concealing that information is unlikely to do anything more than irritate my opponents or make them suspicious in the first place. The bit of banter about commander choice is always a good ice-breaker anyways. Wall of Chat. 2U Creature- Wall Wall of chat exceeds at using a lot of words to mischaracterize opposing view points. Warp Riders (Ephara Solar Flare) Carthain Mr Degradation wrote: Honestly, this is all pretty moot in my own experience. When I go to a table, I put my commander face up on the table,and begin shuffling my deck. Just last friday night, we were playing a game (3 of us - as there were 6 of us, we split into 3 separate groups) and I picked my mono-blue deck, and so did another player. That other player looked over and said "Oh, you're mono-blue as well? I'm going to switch decks or else with two mono-blue players nobody is going to have fun this game." spacemonaut wrote: Sorry but, those rules aren't written in the structured language as the comp rules. If ever I see a disagreement between them, I go with the Comp Rules. This is exactly an example of why: It can often come up with distinct answers to various situations (timing, layering, etc). Also - I'm not sure how I'd take someone saying that they won't reveal their commander until everyone has finished mulliganing. The format is supposed to be about fun experiences, and you don't often start a fun experience by being abrasive like that. I suspect I would quickly tire of that player playing in games with me. At which point I tend to target them completely in the game and let it be well known why I'm doing so. I've seen it change people's in-game decisions before ... so I suspect it's got a decent chance of doing so again. Especially if, while communicating why I'm doing it, other people seem to not object to that reasoning. If they do, then I'm likely at a table where I won't be having any lasting friendships -- so I'll likely not play with them again. specter404 Joined: 2014-Jul-26 11:35 am This would definitely get me on the defensive. I would be wanting to know "what are you trying to hide?". Is your commander particularly well known to be degenerate? Dont want me to mulligan to an answer for your Kaalia? I dont think my playgroup would ever have this issue, but I imagine a more innocent answer is the player is jaded from being meta gamed against. I can see some less that friendly players seeing what commander you are playing and then changing to something that can beat it. Favourite Deck: Ghost Council of Orzhova Playing Online: Noyan Darr & Sedris Zombie Guy cryogen Joined: 2012-Mar-31 11:52 am The sooner players reveal their Commander, the sooner you can discuss the kind of game you're trying to play. "Oh, you're playing Kangee? Maybe I'll play Breya some other time." "You're playing Aninar? Is it tuned? Should I play something a little stronger?" Sure, I'm not disagreeing with you. That it's not as clear in this site's rules is a bit of an glitch though: these are the official source-of-truth rules in theory, and they're not clear on this. Wizards are second-party interpretations of this site's rules and someone could say "no, that's wotc's change to the commander rules and it isn't legitimate to me and the original wording isn't clear." I don't think they should, and I don't think of it in those terms, but someone could do that and going by these rules they wouldn't be entirely wrong. That's a bit of a problem. To be clear I think the EDH RC's rules lay down the spirit and intention of the rules while the rules manager (or team?) at WotC does work to translate them into concretely working in MTG predictably and correctly in its comprehensive language. But that's not something I could support by pointing to anything on this site and in fact the new EDH rule 0 could appear to contradict that interpretation. I think the right resolution would be for the EDH RC to update the rules on this site to say the commander is face-up before mulligans, to match what the MTG CR is currently saying and help disambiguate this scenario. Posted: 2019-May-06 2:01 am That it's not as clear in this site's rules is a bit of an glitch though: these are the official source-of-truth rules in theory, and they're not clear on this. Wizards are second-party interpretations of this site's rules and someone could say "no, that's wotc's change to the commander rules and it isn't legitimate to me and the original wording isn't clear." Sure, someone could say that. But what's the likelyhood of that? (Honest question) Most people are taught via word-of-mouth I'm guessing. Next up is probably via Commander products that WotC puts out. I haven't checked those in a while, but I suspect they direct players to the WotC site, not here, on their info pamphlets that come inside the decks. So looking for rules answers I feel may have more people directed to WotC than here. Now, I have no idea about people doing google searches (which is probably where they'd end up searching more times than not.) It may depend on what keywords/phrases they use when looking at it - and they may be directed to a forum (this one or others) or they may get some article on a website (or perhaps a 3 year old copy of the Comp Rules -- which also doesn't help in some cases.) For kicks, I searched for "when do you reveal your commander mtg" and first hit is a reddit thread (which a bunch of replies seem to be "reveal at a point where someone else can change their deck or people can have a discussion about what kind of game everyone is expecting." -- which is cool to see that it's not just our forums having that attitude ) That I fully agree on Baron Cappuccino I have no problems with players making mulligan decisions off a revealed commander, but I disagree with the idea of making deck decisions off the same, if only because it devolves Commander into a game of rock, paper, scissors. If deck parity is a concern, it can be done via discussion before the reveal. Should a Meren player have the chance to swap decks because an Anafenza was revealed? I can see both sides, but personally think the Meren player should have to suck it up, but conversely, I don't think the owner of an Anafenza deck should be able to swap in if a Meren were revealed. It cuts both ways. There needs to be some sort of code where, barring enormous power discrepancies - say, a needs nothing Zur sitting down at a table of precons - players should be stuck with their initial deck choices to prevent this sort of thing. Baron Cappuccino wrote: I think it's fine though. We're only secondarily playing to compete and annihilate each other; we're primarily playing to have a fun social casual game. If you're playing Anafenza and I'm playing Meren or Muldrotha, I might foresee my game being miserable, so I'll switch to another deck that will work -- not one that will work better than your deck or specifically hate it out, just one that will work at all. That's not rock paper scissors at all, that's just finding a deck I can reasonably play in the circumstances. (Maybe someone playing Anafenza would feel since they specifically built it to be anti-graveyard decks they deserve to be able to play against my Meren or Muldrotha, but man, I'm not obliged to play a shut-down deck. I'd rather use my time to play a deck that can work. Someone else might be up for the challenge to see how their Meren or Muldrotha fairs directly against Anafenza, but it doesn't have to be me.) Once I checked with my opponents whether they'd be playing relatively creature-dense decks or not at all, based on the commanders I saw. (I don't remember what they were.) I told them my deck was a combat manipulation deck and wouldn't be able to do its thing if there weren't at least a few creatures down. They said yeah, they're playing a reasonable number of creatures, so we went ahead and I didn't need to change. A lot of people already play this way -- revealing commanders at the start -- so I think if there was gonna be a major rock/paper/scissors issue that needed fixing with some sort of code, we'd already be hearing about it. I have no problems with players making mulligan decisions off a revealed commander, but I disagree with the idea of making deck decisions off the same, if only because it devolves Commander into a game of rock, paper, scissors. As I gave an example above, and agreeing with spacemonaut - it's more to make sure the game is enjoyable. From the sound of the report the OP gave - the game was not enjoyable, but he may have been able to make it more so had he known a little bit of extra information (which he was perfectly allowed to have.) If deck parity is a concern, it can be done via discussion before the reveal. How is that different that someone putting their commander on the table, and one or two people changing based off of other information? I mean, if you find a player who is changing his or her deck/commander to take advantage of what other people are playing -- then you have a player problem and have various ways of dealing with it. But this is pretty much all assuming there isn't a problem player. Sid the Chicken Joined: 2009-Aug-20 7:49 pm I've had a few experiences over the years with people wanting to specifically switch decks to hose me when they saw what I was planning to play - "Oh, you're using Teneb?" puts away bant deck, pulls out Anafenza, the Foremost This was quickly resolved via social pressure. I have also had experiences similar to what Cryogen and Carthain describe, where people see what's being brought out and adjust to make things less potentially miserable. All-in-all, I think that's desirable. "The President's job - and if someone sufficiently vain and stupid is picked he won't realize this - is not to wield power, but to draw attention away from it." -- Douglas Adams, The Hitchhiker's Guide tot he Galaxy Radio Transcripts predicting the future. Sid the Chicken wrote: QFT & a half The issue is that the number of Legendary creatures which can establish strong decks is simple- all of them. The Anafenza guy in this discussion had to stare down the threat of being down the barrel of the entire table. Thing is, it doesn't matter if a deck an established Zur deck- there are Kurkesh, Onakke Ancient brews that can take it to task. That's a big part of why the "power level" discussion never really works. Selecting commanders is an opportunity to discuss what sort of game to expect- more than to posture about which commander is "teh strongest!!1!." Where, an opponent who proposes questions about how one of my generals works, can generally get quite a bit of valuable information to understand what to expect from my deck. There isn't some grave disadvantage, since after 2 or 3 games, what each deck does, and how they do it will be made obvious to the table. But if you want to win every encounter by trying to mise unnecessary amounts of information- you've already failed at EDH. It's just a bunch of wasted mental effort that only has competitive usefulness in the first few games of a regular MtG swiss-rotation based tournament. Having been in that environment quite a bit, that is achieved through decorum, and polite banter. If you want decorum and polite banter in EDH while shuffling up- explaining what it is your General does, and how that colors your strategy allows you to disarm poor threat assessment on the way in. Chatting about general choice, without drawing too many conclusions about the power of someone's deck based on their general lets your opponents know what kind of game to expect, so that they can arm themselves with an appropriate opposition. But, like in Sid's earlier example- the group can moderate what choices are just hate-picking.	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line304
__label__cc	0.537453	0.462547	Niuweidao with Guangxu mark Overall: 94 cm / 37 inch Blade: 73.2 cm / 28.8 inch Forte: 9mm Middle: 5mm At widest point: 2.5mm Forte: 37.5mm Middle: 42mm Widest: 52mm Point of balance 17 cm from guard China, probably Beijing Iron, steel, brass, wood 20th year of Guangxu, 1895 Anything similar for sale? The niuweidao (牛尾刀) or "oxtail saber" is a late form of Chinese saber, developed in civilian circles at around the mid. nineteenth century. It's characteristic blade flattens and widens considerably near the center of percussion, creating a fairly thin edge on a sweeping arc; perfect for deep cuts against soft, unarmored targets. This specialized design made the niuweidao immensely popular among rebels and their enemies in the social unrest that lead to the fall of the Qing, and the chaos that ensued in the Warlord Period of the early 20th century. Swords of the same profile featured prominently in martial arts practice and movies, settling the niuweidao in the minds of many as the archetypical Chinese saber. This Example At first glance, this is a typical example of a large late 19th century niuweidao but upon close inspection, there is more to it. The large and heavy blade is very well-balanced, of good steel and rings like a bell when struck. The mounts are of blackened iron, crafted with precision and brazed with brass leaving very thin, even lines between the various parts. Fit and finish of all parts is far superior to the work on the majority of niuweidao. The grip section is plain wood, and looks as it is was never wrapped because it is flush with the fittings and the wood shows signs of lots of handling on the bare wood, smoothening out the wood grain. At the base, the back of the blade is filed, creating an effect reminiscent of bamboo sections. This is a fairly common feature on Chinese single-edged weapons, possibly referring to celebrated the strength and resilience of bamboo in Chinese culture. Not so common is the fact that in-between each segment are chiseled characters: The 20th year of the Guangxu reign corresponds roughly to 1895 in the Gregorian calendar, five years before the outbreak of the Boxer Rebellion. It also includes a shop name, Zi Qin Ji (子勤記) or "Diligent Work Brand". It is the only saber I've seen so far that has a shop name chiseled in the blade. The reign mark on this weapon is also highly unusual, and probably suggest that this was a designated shop that was appointed to also do work for the court. The superior finish of this sword compared to most edged weapons of the time, including late 19th century military sabers that were often of careless workmanship, indicate it stood well above the rest in terms of quality in this period. On either side of the blade are chiseled in very fine lines a dragon chasing a pearl. These are common motifs on swords and sabers of the period but most of them have three clawed dragons that have no imperial association whatsoever, and are purely decorative. This example has four clawed dragons, a motif that was originally designated for certain princes and the higher ranks of the Qing administration. It must be noted though, that by the end of the 19th century imperial standards slid and lower ranks were known to wear insignia that made them appear higher in rank than they were. Thus, the four-clawed dragon on this piece do not bear as much weight as such dragons would on an earlier piece. An impressive oxtail saber, of excellent workmanship, bearing Guangxu reign marks and a maker's mark. The marks place it in 1895, five years before the outbreak of the Boxer Rebellion. As far as niuweidao go this is a fairly important piece, because it can be accurately dated and bears a shop name. At present, this name is the only Qing sword making shop known to me, making this a great reference piece. China Niuweidao Reign mark Do you have anything for sale? I might be interested in buying it. Chinese repeating crossbow Perhaps one of the most famous and long-lived of Chinese weapons. €2200,- Ancient Ba-Shu dagger From approximately the 5th to 3rd century B.C. Large Southern Chinese saber Built around a beautifully forged blade, in full polish, revealing a burl grain pattern. Early yútóudāo With influences from several cultures that are rarely seen on a single blade. Chinese Shan presentation dha Presented by the local Dai nobility to a British customs officer in 1936. Tibetan style pierced saddle plate With designs of four dragons in scrollwork around a "wish-granting-jewel" Nanban tsuba & Asian export sword guards Contents 1. Introduction2. Tsuba basics3. Nanban tsuba revisited4.... Jianruiying (1); introduction Introduction This is the story of the Jianruiying, a small elite u... Jianruiying (2); weapons and equipment The Jianruiying was an elite division of the Qing dynasty military ... Edged Weapons of the Green Standard Army The Green Standard Army was a large standing army of the Qing dynas... Copyright Peter Dekker and Philip Tom, 2006 - 2019, all rights reserved. Photos are in the Public Domain and can be freely used for any purpose. By placing an order, you are accepting our Terms and Conditions.	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line310
__label__wiki	0.640077	0.640077	Butler county drug bust 2018 Local law enforcement have seized about four pounds of marijuana and $134,000 in cash during a bust of a marijuana trafficking operation in the county, according to the MARMET Drug Task Force. drug suspect turns himself in. Drug bust puts Butler Co. Butler County Police completed the biggest drug bust in its history in October, seizing seven kilograms of cocaine with a reported street value of more than $400,000. Jones reports that On December 4, 2015, Agents with B. " El Dorado officers with assistance from the Butler County Sheriff's Office and the Andover Arrest reports for March 12 – March 18, 2018. Thursday a Butler County Sheriff's deputy reportedly smelled a strong odor of ether coming from the couple's home. For Immediate Release. Wilson, Jr. 2018, the Bladen County Sheriff Members of the Lawrence County District Attorney’s Special Investigations Unit joined forces with the New Castle City Narcotics Department and the Union Township Police Department for a drug bust …Juan Hernandez, 38, of Denver, Colo. Healthy Heroin Bust. Authorities Make Unprecedented 116-Gun Seizure in Drug Bust February 7, 2018 February 7, 2018 Just Jenn Leave a comment Cincinnati police, with assistance from the Butler County Sheriff’s Office B. Wednesday Sep 24, was a result of an ongoing investigation that led to a home in the city of Towanda and a home and property in rural Butler County. Drug Task Force investigators with the Carter County Sheriff’s Office and Elizabethton Police Department arrested 46-year-old Theodore Norman Abel of 200 Hamilton Road, 41-year-old Michael Steven Munsey, and 31-year-old Danielle Shay Matherly during a meth bust Wednesday. March 1st, 2019. LAWRENCE COUNTY, AL (WAFF) - The Lawrence County Drug Task Force served 37 indictments across the county on Wednesday. “They had thousands of hits of heroin, cocaine, guns … thousands of dollars,” Jones said, adding that drugs are “destroying” the community. Troopers seize $11,514 worth of methamphetamine in Butler County. See All. Jump to. 8KBCSO nets drugs, guns in bust - The Greenville Advocate https://www. The Lawrence County Drug Task Force arrested Christopher Fleton Melson, 40, Nekisha Dawn Melson, 36, Jason Don McGregory, 37, Jason Whitman Shealy, 35 and Emory Katherine Kennemer, 26. Campaign 2018 Updated: July 11, 2018 @ 11:54 am. Google+. The Ohio State Highway Patrol hosted the 2018 African American Leadership Conference which provided employees with the OPERATION GEORGIA PEACH: An investigation into a Brevard County drug organization culminated Tuesday with the arrests of 21 suspects. wftv. Astasia Phelps is being held at the Butler County Justice Center (Source: Poplar Bluff Three people were arrested following a drug bust over the weekend in Butler Township. m. at an apartment at 432 West New Castle Street. March 19, 2007 at 2:18 PM EST - Updated June 30 at 5:50 PM . They were identified as Andra Butler, Sarahelizabeth Halsell, and Matthew Green. Detectives sat Butler used his 8-year-old son’s name to order the drug from China, but Shenandoah drug bust nets three. The head of the Butler County Drug Task Force Tim Fennell says officers also seized over $4,300 in cash from the West Cunningham Street apartment. The drugs seized came to Hamilton and Butler County from outside of the country, police say PHOTOS: Heroin seized, couple arrested in Butler drug bust “The county commissioners and the opioid seminars, (we need to) bring a lot more education to the people out there,” said Sheriff Resnik was arrested and held in the Butler County Justice Center. Updated: Monday, January 29, 2018 @ 4:02 PM. The Coconino County Sheriff’s Office is investigating the After the fall 2018 class managed to put on two events in mid-January, Liput and Beth Ehrenfried-Neveux, who supervises the county’s drug and alcohol program, thought it was time to fill the public in on the program. Currency, seized by the Baldwin County Sheriff's Office on January 27, 2019 from Cruz Trenado AKA Trenado Cruz in Bay Minette, AL, and adopted by the DEA for forfeiture pursuant to 21 U. $9,000 in cash, 36 grams Updated: 9:09 AM EDT Aug 21, 2018. Butler County Sheriff Richard K. Sheriff Richard Jones said the Butler County Sheriff’s Office OSWESGO — The Oswego County Drug Task Force arrested five people Thursday in connection with an alleged methamphetamine lab in Oswego. The recent ‘unprecedented’ 116-gun seizure is the latest big bust in Butler County. com/pair-charged-in-slippery-rock-drug-bustPair Charged In Slippery Rock Drug Bust. R. PITTSBURGH – Butler Township was honored at a ceremony on March 8, 2019 as a 2019 Banner Community. Smith and Wilson were both charged with possession of drug Butler County had 137 total drug overdose deaths in 2014 alone, and 75. Butler Co. (Schuylkill County) and Frackville executed a search and seizure warrant at the home. Celestrial Justice Butler DOB- 10/22/1991 2018 the Pamlico County Sheriff’s Office arrested Stephanie Sheriff: 3 arrested in drug trafficking bust in Butler County. January 2018 They recovered the cocaine, over $2,000 in cash, a handgun, and ammunition and drug paraphernalia. Posted By: Kayla Molczan on: November 29, 2018 Print Email A Johnstown man has been sentenced for charges in connection with a drug bust in Middlesex Township over two years ago. , at an apartment in Old Plank Estates. On August 1, 2018 at 4:33 p. Morris County Prosecutor Fredric M. A joint operation Tuesday in Buchanan County led to the round-up of 20 people during a strike force operation. HAMILTON, Ohio - Approximately 500 pounds of marijuana, five luxury vehicles, and a machine gun were seized in a weekend drug bust in Butler County. Jeffrey Butler, Class B felony – Delivery of a Controlled Substance, $20,000 surety & $5,000 cash bond Culpeper Drug Bust. Eugene J. Federal agents and several local police agencies, including the Butler County Sheriff's Office Feb 01, 2018. N. BUTLER COUNTY SHERIFF'S OFFICE The sweep was conducted in Westmoreland County, and targeted those who were allegedly dealing heroin and other drugs in several communities. 6 million worth of fentanyl in Clark County, which officials said continues the important work of the task force that was involved. Multiple Drug Arrests . possession of drug paraphernalia, conspiracy and divendres, 14 desembre, 2018 - 10:30. Dispatch-sponsored Imagination Erin Fischesser. MORE: 5 things to know about this weekend’s major drug bust in Hamilton. Upon entry into the residence deputies observed narcotics and began to investigate. - After receiving numerous complaints of heavy traffic and drug dealers, Union County police were able to make two drug-related arrests at Lake Butler Apartments Thursday. 2018. November 29 2018 5:42 PM. police from the Butler Police Department, Steuben OHIO COUNTY, W Va. The drug investigation spanned three months and was conducted by the Street Crimes Unit comprised of town police and county sheriff's deputies. Three people were arrested and more than 100 suspected stamp bags of heroin were seized as a result of a drug bust Monday night in the city of Butler. Best of the Triangle 2018. Posted: Nov 01 members of the Butler Township, Mahanoy City, Shenandoah, West Mahanoy Township, Mahanoy Township, and Tamaqua Police Departments, and …Editorial Martian New Year 2019 is STEAM-power enhanced. S. During the traffic stop, troopers seized 114 grams of methamphetamine valued at approximately $11,514. Full Story. Hamilton police announce 'major drug bust' involving meth Infant found in apartment during Butler County drug raid. Rotary handed out the prizes from the annual Carved in Ice festival to the lucky winners. Ohio State Highway Patrol troopers filed felony drug charges against an Ohio man after a traffic stop in Butler County. Police say the drug bust hopefully disruption in the drug business in the city. com/news/crime-courts/2018/10/24/methamphetamine-ring-interstate-butler-county-west-virginia-dea-durell-jones-pennsylvania/stories/201810240126Oct 24, 2018 DEA: W. Butler County Sheriff's deputies, Greenville Police and the 2nd District Drug Task Force went door to door this morning arresting drug dealers. Pictured: Anthony Dennis, Michael Dennis, Sam Marshall and James "Twin" Adams. Local man sentenced for dealing carfentanil-laced heroin, plotting to murder witness Butler County Sheriff's deputies, Greenville Police and the 2nd District Drug Task Force went door to door this morning arresting drug dealers. Erin Fischesser. Knapp and Chief of Investigations Stephen F. A show of force as dozens of officers arrest suspected drug dealers across Butler County on Wednesday 04/08/2018 58 pounds of marijuana seized during Wichita drug bust . A total of 10 people were charged Wednesday morning with drug-related offenses after a Buchanan County Drug Strike Force 20 arrested in Strike Force bust By Jenn Hall News-Press Now Maurice Butler, 26, was charged with possession of marijuana with intent to deliver, possession of a firearm during the commission of a felony. What NOT TO DO At The Butler County Sheriff’s Office. "This drug causes deaths every day and these criminals had no problem having an infant near it. S. By: Kim Allen. LAKE BUTLER, Fla. VIDEO: Watch Marcie Cipriani's reportAllegheny County police said 85 felony arrest warrants were issued for residents of Feb 22, 2017 · 20 arrested in Drug Strike Force operation. The program, sponsored by Allegheny County and the Allegheny League of Municipalities, recognizes communities that show a commitment to professional development, prudent fiscal management, transparency, accountability, …The operation was a collaborative effort involving the U. Jan 9, 2019 Three people were arrested Tuesday night after Butler County Sheriff's deputies conducted a traffic stop at Park Avenue and F Street in Jan 15, 2019 Butler County Drug Task Force Officers, assisted by Butler City Police, executed a search warrant Monday evening at this apartment building on Posted By: Kayla Molczanon: October 29, 2018 In: Featured News Three people were arrested following a drug bust over the weekend in Butler Township. The Coconino County Sheriff’s Office is investigating the Wednesday’s takedown of the alleged Mayfield Drug Trafficking Organization resulted in 24 arrests and the confiscation of drug paraphernalia and weapons. DEA: W. The operation, which began at 6 a. County. Here are others. Advertisement The uncut heroin has a street value of about $200,000, and is a sign of the increasing problem with heroin abuse in recent years, authorities said. See the result for Hamilton County Indiana Drug Bust with One deputy responsible for 1/3 of DUI arrests in Hamilton County, Massive overcrowding at Hamilton County Jail, IMPD detective arrested on DUI charges in Hamilton County, Madison County authorities announce major heroin bust Brown County law enforcement professionals recently attended a one-day drug awareness conference sponsored by the Brown County Drug & Major Crimes Task Force and the Brown County Peace Officers Association. who is being held at the Broome County jail on the earlier Six arraigned in Magistrate Court after successful drug bust operation. In classrooms around Butler County, no matter the grade level, students are spending more time …At least half of the suspects apprehended in a major drug bust last month in Cincinnati were reportedly in 2018 // 12:16pm Butler County Sheriff Richard Jones told Ingraham that this was Schuylkill County Drug Bust. Aug 30, 2015 · HAMILTON, Ohio (WKRC) -- A huge haul for the Butler County drug task force. " The joint 2-year operation between Chester County February 5, 2018 ( Butler County ) - More details are expected to be released Tuesday when the Butler County Sheriff holds a news conference about a drug and gun arrest last week. August 20, 2018 Article Tools. Print 2 arrested after drug bust in Poplar Bluff. For Latest Obituaries in Butler Georgia, Obituary listings by city and state. Officers with the Butler County Drug Task Force- and members of the Butler City Police Department- executed a search warrant at 8 p. Drug Bust During Routine Traffic Stop. M. (Photo: Butler County Sheriff's Office) Three people are behind bars after a drug bust in Butler County Friday. perry county ohio news meth lab bust. R. The The Butler County Sheriff’s office, Greenville Police Department and 2nd Judicial Drug Task Force confiscated more $3,000 worth of drugs during a Friday morning bust. On Friday, December 22, 2017, the Choctaw County Sheriff’s Office went to 2340 Narrow Road, Needham, Alabama to execute a warrant. Butler County Sheriff Kenny Harden said two search warrants were served early Friday on two separate investigations. Henson, 27, of Harrisburg, and the home's tenant, 38-year-old Mathias J. Search Obituaries by Location. Pinterest. Wichita police seized 58 pounds of marijuana on Wednesday. Felony - Illegal Possession Of Chemicals For The Manufactur The recent ‘unprecedented’ 116-gun seizure is the latest big bust in Butler County. Task force announces major drug bust. greenvilleadvocate. They busted Shannon Taggart at a home on Lagonda Avenue …The Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) gives notice that the property listed below was seized for federal forfeiture for 19-DEA-649761: $13,000. Rasheem Young Hamilton County No claims to the accuracy of this information are made. Font size – + Share This Butler Twp. Jan 30, 2018 · Hamilton police arrest two 'major players,' seize $500,000 worth of drugs Police say the drug bust hopefully disruption in the drug business in the city. Posted: Nov 01 members of the Butler Township, Mahanoy City, Shenandoah, West Mahanoy Township, Mahanoy Township, and Tamaqua Police Departments, and …Seminole County deputies bust million-dollar heroin, fentanyl drug rings. com butlerradio. By 5 things to know about this weekend’s major drug bust in Hamilton. April 23 Chandler Austin Keeney, 23, for four …Butler County Jail, El Dorado, Kansas. Wednesday’s takedown of the alleged Mayfield Drug Trafficking Organization resulted in 24 arrests and the confiscation of drug paraphernalia and weapons. Sep 13, 2017 A drug investigation involving multiple law enforcement agencies, including the Hamilton Police Department and the Butler County Sheriff’s Office, has led to the arrest of “one of the biggest drug dealers in the area,” police said. Cincinnati Police tweeted on Friday about the arrest of 30-year-old Alexey Gibson. By Region 8 Newsdesk Todd Aikey, 32, of Poplar Bluff- arrested on an outstanding Butler County Warrant for illegally taking wildlife. investigated 238 drug cases in 2012, 25 percent of the cases dealing with heroin. The Butler County Sheriff’s Office says a pound of meth was seized and two illegal immigrants were arrested during a drug bust Tuesday. The arrests "put a major dent into drug trafficking in the South Hills," Fisher said. the Orange County Sheriff's Office arrested Mariah Butler of Orlando on charges of aggravated manslaughter of a child and neglect of a child Aug 30, 2015 · HAMILTON, Ohio (WKRC) -- A huge haul for the Butler County drug task force. (Photo: Butler County Sheriff's Office) Three people are behind bars after a drug bust in Butler County Friday. 42 likes · 78 were here. 58 pounds of marijuana seized during Wichita drug bust . Arrest Name Age Person City/State Arrest Date Arrest Time Arrest County Troop Officers snared about 2½ pounds of heroin - the largest bust involving that drug in Butler County - following an investigation in two counties, said sheriff's Lt. In a recent drug bust at I-94 near Mandan, North Dakota, a father-son duo was arrested for possessing marijuana and other illegal drugs with an intent to deliver. www. 9 percent of those deaths were heroin related, according to the Butler County Coroner’s office. , targeted drug dealers in At about 2 a. WhatsApp. Resnik was arrested and held in the Butler County Justice Center. Feb. An investigation that began in February 2015 has thus far resulted in 84 cases and warrants Multiple Drug Arrests . Westmoreland 911 dispatched crews for a vehicle rollover with entrapment. The DEA is describing the organization as a national drug ring. Inside they found pot, heroin Author: LOCAL 12Views: 5. The El Dorado Police Department, along with assistance from the Butler County Sheriff’s Investigators and the KBI, arrested 19 individuals on drug charges since Thursday, with the final individual expected to be arrested today. Feb 4, 2018 BUTLER COUNTY — The Butler Undercover Regional Narcotics Taskforce, a multi-agency narcotics unit operated by the sheriff's office, has been in. Posted By: Mike Bunge Yearlong investigation results in many charges against Butler AG's office arrests 13 in Venango County with ties to drug operation • The bust came after seven search warrants executed on March 30, with five in Venango and two in Erie County, which 6 arrests made in Poplar Bluff drug bust. The Butler County Drug Task Force and Butler City Police executed a search warrant at an apartment Apr 24, 2013 18 arrested, six more indicted after drug bust in various parts of Butler County. July 13, 2010 at 2:01 PM EST - Updated Twelve people were indicted in a Clermont County marijuana bust on Sept. com. Butler County Tourism & Convention Bureau. Suite 11 Butler, AL 36904Sheriff: 3 arrested in drug trafficking bust in Butler County. - A plant mistaken for marijuana led to a Butler County couple suing their police department for a wrongful drug Father-son duo arrested in a million-dollar drug bust in North Dacota. , troopers stopped a 2017 Jeep Cherokee with Ohio registration for a license plate violationFive people are behind bars in Coweta County in connection to a major drug bust. Clay County deputies find 15 people, including baby, in suspected drug house Clay County Sheriff's Office makes 5 arrests in raid streamed on FacebookPolice Nab 18 in Jefferson County Drug Sting 71179 views UPDATE: Multiple Fatalities Reported in Interstate 80 Crash; Roadway Shut Down 61873 views UPDATE: 27 Locals Arrested in Major Drug Bust in Clearfield County 54092 viewsDrug sweep nets 14 suspects . 4 arrested on drug charges in Weakley County, TN. Butler, AL 36904 Mailing Address: 117 South Mulberry Ave. 48 Press Release Comments Off on What NOT TO DO At The Butler County Sheriff’s Office. Find latests mugshots and bookings from Hamilton and other local cities. Jan 9, Two Facing Charges Following Drug Bust in Wyandot County. Jones wants to relay a few tips about what you should never do at the Sheriff’s Office or any Police Agency. 5 things to know about major Hamilton drug bust. Seminole County deputies bust million-dollar heroin, fentanyl drug rings. " El Dorado officers with assistance from the Butler County Sheriff's Office and the Andover Sheriff announces drug bust on July 3. Mike Craft. Vires, Deborah Lynn (04/28/1980) Held in custody of Butler County Jail with booking number 169731-003 on 02/27/2019 at 12:34 PM. the Northern Kentucky Drug Task Force, the Butler County Three people were arrested and more than 100 suspected stamp bags of heroin were seized as a result of a drug bust Monday night in the city of Butler. kwch. 2018 News Extra. WLWT Staff — Four people face various charges after a drug bust on Monday evening. “This has been a major source for people buying heroin and crack in the city,” county Detective Tim Fennell, who heads the Butler County Drug Task Force, said of the house. post-gazette. Check out this story on cincinnati. " More: Sheriff: 14-year-old boy took handgun into Butler County Fair . democratandchronicle. At approximately 7 p. Tuesday, August 13, 2002. April 23 Chandler Austin Keeney, 23, for four …One person has been arrested following a drug bust in Swissvale. Agents Execute Three Drug Related Search Warrants. Hamilton County drug ring arrests February 2018 Cincinnati police, the Northern Kentucky Drug Strike Force, the Harris County Sheriff's Office in Kentucky and Butler County law enforcement all 5 things to know about major Hamilton drug bust. A large drug bust went down in Lenoir County, North Carolina last month, yielding over 2,000 grams of powder cocaine worth roughly $250,000. In classrooms around Butler County, no matter the grade level, students are spending more time …A drug sweep in Butler County on Tuesday resulted in more than two dozen arrests, authorities said. The Butler County Sheriff’s office, Greenville Police Department and 2nd Judicial Drug Task Force confiscated more $3,000 worth of drugs during a Friday morning bust. 1 dead, 1 injured in Hardeman County home invasion. Major drug bust in Butler County. The Butler County District Attorney's Drug Task Force and Butler Township police Posted By: Kayla Molczanon: August 28, 2018 In: Featured News Three people were arrested following a drug raid in Butler on Monday. 5 things to know about this weekend’s major drug bust in Hamilton. He is facing charges of manufacturing marijuana, manufacturing hallucinogens, possession of methamphetamine, possession of marijuana, possession of hallucinogens, and possession of drug paraphernalia. Butler County, Iowa Drug Lawyer Provides Expert Legal Defense For Drug Charges. Posted By into a home invasion and drug trafficking in Allegheny County, two officers from Scott Township tracked a Feds: Butler County heroin ring was sending drug money to Mexico. Butler Eagle, Butler. Police Arrest Ukrainian Drug Trafficker, Busted with 116 Guns Guns Seized From Butler County Home U. U. Butler, 23, of West View, one count each of possession of marijuana, possession with intent to deliver marijuana, delivery of …The operation was a collaborative effort involving the U. WFTV. 2018 Clyde Gray Gunn, 77 - Aug 5, 2018 Alton Jerry Blackston, 74 - Jul 2, 2018 Bernice Peed McCants, 96 - Jun 29, 2018 Lavenia Spillers, 90 - Jun 5, 2018 This page shows only the 20 most recent Friday January 26, 2018 10:25 PM Reading man charged in drug bust. April 7, 2018 · kwch. POSSESSION OF A SCHEDULE I DRUG. Deputies were in the area on an unrelated call when they noticed a strong odor of marijuana coming from 2603 Butler Road, according to a news release. You're sick, an, for all I know, delirious, so for the sake o protectin you. , troopers stopped a 2017 Jeep Cherokee with Ohio registration for a license plate violationBORDEN, ANTOINNE LAVAN -a-40-year-old Sylacauga man was arrested by the Talladega County Drug Task Force on Friday, March 15, 2019, on charges of CT 1 Possession of a Controlled Substance; CT 2 Possession of Drug Paraphernalia-03-15-2019; and by the Sylacauga Police Department on a charge of Alias Writ of Arrest-09-25-2018. Pittsburgh number on its 2018 list of the top 10 shooting that happened in Butler County has 12 charged in Pennsylvania drug bust - WFMJ. 17. Jones said. The Butler County Attorney says all 28 suspects were arrested on drug cases in Butler County. Undercover investigators with the JEAN Team say Joseph Butler was the main target of the investigation. PHOTOS: 15 charged in Delco drug bust. Large Marijuana Bust In Cincinnati DEA agents and Butler County Sherriff’s Deputies arrested BUTLER COUNTY — The Butler Undercover Regional Narcotics Taskforce, a multi-agency narcotics unit operated by the sheriff’s office, has been investigating high-level drug dealers in the hopes ARREST PHOTOS . This arrest was a result of an ongoing investigation that led to a home in the city of Towanda and a home and property in rural Butler County. Police The following individuals were booked at the Butler County Correctional Facility between April 23-April 29, 2018. December 27, 2018 · Party responsible, do not drive buzzed. the Orange County Sheriff's Office arrested Mariah Butler of Orlando on charges of aggravated manslaughter of a child and neglect of a child The Hamilton Police Department announced a "major drug bust" that resulted in the seizure of cocaine and meth, among other drugs. com/story/12798455/3-arrested-in-hamilton-drug-bustButler County Sheriff Richard Jones is holding a press conference Tuesday afternoon to discuss details of a drug bust. Accessibility Help. For Immediate Release December 7, 2015. County arrest two illegal immigrants, seize a pound of The federal charges come five months after he was arrested by state police in a drug bust. A drug sweep in Butler County on Tuesday resulted in more than two dozen arrests, authorities said. This case is in connection with a drug arrests in Butler on Dec. Butler was remanded to the Oswego County Correctional Facility in lieu of $10,000 cash bail or $20,000 bond. drug bust. Drug Bust During Routine Traffic Stop. 2018 Clyde Gray Gunn, 77 - Aug 5, 2018 Alton Jerry Blackston, 74 - Jul 2, 2018 Bernice Peed McCants, 96 - Jun 29, 2018 Lavenia Spillers, 90 - Jun 5, 2018 This page shows only the 20 most recent Here's a breakdown of the stories right now at www. Johnson. Schuylkill County Drug Bust. Editorial Martian New Year 2019 is STEAM-power enhanced. White County-based ARDEO led a team of 200 local, state and federal agents in the day-long operation on February 17 in an effort to dismantle the drug …A massive drug sweep led to 73 arrests Monday, and more were expected. dealers behind bars Three arrested in drug bust. 19, 2018 2:51 PM. 3 arrested in butler county drug bust that included substantial amount of meth, older women in bikini figurines collectibles fentanyl; fentanyl persists, crystal meth rises in lake county in 2018. Local police, the FBI and DEA all create police records. , troopers stopped a 2017 Jeep Cherokee with Ohio registration for a license plate violation On Thursday, October 11, 2018, members of the Schuylkill County District Attorney’s Office, Drug Task Force, Pennsylvania State Police, Butler Township Police Department, Frackville Borough Police Department, Minersville Borough Police Department, Schuylkill Haven Police Department and Tower City Police Department, executed a search and 4 arrested in Butler Co. none. Butler County Jail, El Dorado, Kansas. Sheriff: Suspect in Drug Bust had Dozens of Guns at Home posted by 700WLW News - Feb 5, 2018 ( Butler County ) - More details are expected to be released Tuesday when the Butler County Sheriff holds a news conference about a drug and gun arrest last week. Butler County Sheriff Richard Jones is holding a press conference Tuesday afternoon to discuss details of a drug bust. We archive felony arrest information for 365 days from the arrest date before removing it from the website. 11, 2018, according to the Clermont County Sheriff's Office. He said Middletown police officers and other law enforcement Authorities charge 22 in Butler Co. Smith and Wilson were both charged with possession of drug KASHUNA BUTLER. S A total of 10 people were charged Wednesday morning with drug-related offenses after a Buchanan County Drug Strike Force 20 arrested in Strike Force bust By Jenn Hall News-Press Now Drug sweep nets 14 suspects . BUTLER, Pa. Popular Stories Breaking News. 3 arrested in Hamilton drug bust. A large drug bust Thursday has led to an arrest in a Carter County Sheriff Richard Stephens tells KWOC News that over 24 plants were recovered, but did not say if any arrests were made in connection with the bust. A months-long investigation culminated late Federal agents and several local police agencies, including the Butler County Sheriff's Office Feb 01, 2018. Task Force, made an impressive drug bust last week following a two-year drug trafficking investigation in Butler County, Ohio. January 2018 The Christian County Sheriff’s Department arrested three people on various drug trafficking charges Saturday night following a major bust on Butler Road. January 2018 Hamilton police arrest two 'major players,' seize $500,000 worth of drugs. The Butler County District Attorney’s Drug Task Force and Butler Township police officers executed a search warrant Friday night, about 9 p. Authorities in Chester County have announced more than four dozen arrests in a major drug sweep operation dubbed "Operation Crushed Ice. Multiple guns, 300 grams of heroin and more than $130,000 were seized during an investigation, prosecutors said Thursday. drug sweep. 2018 at 2:49 PM CDT - Updated October 9 at 8 Two people were injured following a single-vehicle in Butler County, Missouri Seminole County deputies bust million-dollar heroin, fentanyl drug rings. Authorities charge 22 in Butler Co. T. ranked Pittsburgh number on its 2018 list of the top 10 Found Fatally Shot In Butler CountyAuthorities are investigating 4 arrested in Butler Co. They busted Shannon Taggart at a home on Lagonda Avenue in Hamilton Friday, August 28. 2 arrested after drug bust in Poplar Bluff. State, local, and county law enforcement agents document their work, and this becomes police records. 00 U. Judging by his own experience, they had had a rough time of it and would not go far after the wind Sheriff: Suspect in Drug Bust had Dozens of Guns at Home posted by 700WLW News - Feb 5, 2018 ( Butler County ) - More details are expected to be released Tuesday when the Butler County Sheriff holds a news conference about a drug and gun arrest last week. By: WFTV. 35,038 likes · 6,913 talking about this. Natalienh2019 It's Austin Contact the respective county clerk of State Attorney's Office “This was a great investigation that led to ending an illegal drug business," Sheriff Richard K. Apr 17, 2018 10 drug traffickers arrested in 'Last of the Mojicas' bust, Orange Sep 17, 2018 Ten drug traffickers were arrested in a major drug bust, the Orange County Sheriff's Office said Monday. 10, 2017. 5. Largest Meth Bust in Missouri Bootheel By: CJ Cassidy . NO WAY he ever could At approximately 7 p. Department of Justice, the DEA, the Federal Bureau of Investigation, Kenosha police, Kenosha County sheriff’s, the Kenosha Drug Authorities seized over $13,000 worth of heroin and crack cocaine during a drug bust Tuesday night in the city of Butler. “International drug trafficking organizations are active right here in our backyard and they seek to profit from the misery of our friends and neighbors struggling with addiction” The meth bust came the same week after another Mexican national was arrested on State Route 8 in Akron for having 44 pounds of heroin. " Major drug bust results in 49 arrests in Chester Schuylkill County Drug Bust. Ginger T. N. You do not have permission to access this website if you are using an automated program. The record number of drug overdoses in Butler County last year could have been higher, Middletown Police Chief Rodney Muterspaw said. 2018, according to the indictment. Data from the Butler County Sheriff’s office shows B. 4. com Butler County Sheriff Richard Jones is holding a press conference Tuesday afternoon to discuss details of a drug bust. Sheriff Jim McVicker of Bladen County announced more drug arrests made with joint agency efforts. The Rock Station is owned and operated by The Butler Radio Network. A show of force as dozens of officers arrest suspected drug dealers across Butler County on Wednesday Two people were arrested following a drug bust on Friday, Oct. Advertisement who heads the Butler County Drug Task Force, said of the house. White County-based ARDEO led a team of 200 local, state and federal agents in the day-long operation on February 17 in an effort to dismantle the drug …Citizen complaint leads to big meth bust during Polk County traffic stop A concerned resident reporting a reckless driver smoking what looked like methamphetamine on Highway 22 led to a large drug Marion County drug bust yields 4 pounds of pot, $134,000 cash. U. $9,000 in cash, 36 grams of fentanyl confiscated from an apartment. Feb 06, 2018 · Sheriff Richard Jones: Cincinnati Heroin Ring Bust (Butler County, Ohio) (SV) 365 pounds of pot seized during three drug LOCAL 12 204,212 views. Shields, Brett Alan (04/24/1962) Held in custody of Butler County Jail with booking number 179014-002 on 03/25/2019 at 10:58 AM. Pick a Geographic Area or State Police Statewide RegionThree arrested in drug bust. Get Expert Defense & A FREE Consult - Call Now 515-599-3250! Dozens arrested in major Pa. - Three men have been arrested following a drug bust that occurred Wednesday morning in the city of Butler. Tuesday, January 30, 2018 @ 7:45 AM By: Press conference from major drug bust in Butler CountyThe Butler A. An alleged drug dealer was indicted by a Monroe County grand jury after she allegedly sold Authorities seized over $13,000 worth of heroin and crack cocaine during a drug bust Tuesday night in the city of Butler. 58 pounds of marijuana seized during Wichita drug bust. Images and text Butler County's great daily newspaper. They stood out in marked contrast, in manner, physique, in everything. BUTLER, Pa. The Ohio State Highway Patrol troopers filed felony drug charges against an Ohio man after a traffic stop in Butler County. According to Channel 11’s news partners at Inside Butler County, officers The recent ‘unprecedented’ 116-gun seizure is the latest big bust in Butler County. 12 months ago by Staff Reports. Recommendations and Reviews Three arrested in drug bust. The Butler County District Attorney's Drug Task Force and Butler Township police Jun 28, 2018 A drug raid at a Butler County house netted police a lot of drugs and resulted in the arrest of two men. Search Obituaries by State and City. During the course of an investigation into a home invasion and drug trafficking in Allegheny County, two officers from Scott Township tracked a vehicle they were looking for into Slippery Rock late Wednesday morning. LAKE BUTLER, Fla. Law enforcement agents from around Lawrence County executed arrest warrants on several residents who face various drug charges. Eric Butler, 33, of the Latest Obituaries in Butler Georgia, Obituary listings by city and state. Calendar · Businesses · Coupons. Jan 9, 2019 \| Butler County Sheriff's Regional Narcotics Task Force. Butler police said they arrested Glover and another Allegheny County man following a traffic stop on Center Avenue and after searching the two police found ecstasy and marijuana. dealers behind bars This case is in connection with a drug arrests in Butler on Dec. January 2018 5 things to know about major Hamilton drug bust. 2018 Nightfall Gray Metallic Chevrolet Equinox. Virginia Butler. in Weakley Find your answer for Hamilton County Indiana Drug Bust . Full Forecast; The Churches were released from the Butler County Jail on bond. Hamilton County Drug Abuse Reduction Taskforce conducted simultaneous search warrants on a drug trafficking cell. undercover drug purchases and search warrants to obtain evidence to charge the men. Dec 17, 2018 \| METRICH Enforcement Unit. com Author: Jennie Key3 arrested in Hamilton drug bust - FOX19www. Twitter. The Ohio State Highway Patrol hosted the 2018 African American Leadership Conference which provided employees with the A major drug bust last week resulted in a seizure of $3. The Butler County Drug Task Force got a two-for-one deal when it busted a suspected heroin dealer Wednesday night at her home in Butler. Pennsylvania State Police in Butler County shot a woman who they say pointed a long gun at officers. Traffic violations, DUIs, arrest warrants, arrest logs, along with search warrants and coroner’s reports are some of …Harrison County Prosecuting Attorney Rachel Romano (right) and United States Attorney William J. Sheriff's Father-son duo arrested in a million-dollar drug bust in North Dacota. Task force news. Brown County law enforcement professionals recently attended a one-day drug awareness conference sponsored by the Brown County Drug & Major Crimes Task Force and the Brown County Peace Officers Association. 16 2018 09:04PM bars in Coweta County in connection to a major drug bust. announce the arrests of drug traffickers following an investigation into the importation and distribution of cocaine in Morris County and other counties. James Heroin, Methamphetamine, other Drugs Seized During Drug Bust in Minersville 2018, members of the Schuylkill County District Attorney’s Office, Drug Task Force, Pennsylvania State Police, Butler Township Police Department, Frackville Borough Police Department, Minersville Borough Police Department, Schuylkill Haven Police Department and OSWESGO — The Oswego County Drug Task Force arrested five people Thursday in connection with an alleged methamphetamine lab in Oswego. BCSO SWAT Team …Butler Township Named 2019 Banner Community Honoree. Butler County Students Feb 02, 2018 · Feds: Butler County heroin ring was sending drug money to Mexico. He is due back in Oswego City Court Jan. By 2017 at 3:54 PM CST - Updated August 15 at 6:05 PM . The Largest Database of Butler County Mugshots. man caught with huge haul of meth in Butler County Jones had an active warrant out of Michigan for his arrest and arrests in five states, including a drug conviction. butler county drug bust 2018Feb 8, 2018 Cincinnati police, with assistance from the Butler County Sheriff's Office January 2018: 6 charged in heroin trafficking ring in Butler County. 3 arrested in major drug bust in Butler June 3, 2015 News Extra. . Sean Bussard, George Butler November 16, 2018 5:30 am Butler County Comm College – Main & All BC3 Sites – CLOSED 27 Locals Arrested in Major Drug Bust in Clearfield County 54024 views; Police and fire crews responded to a vehicle crash near Glen Custard in Lower Burrell late Thursday night. William Dean, Douglas Lee Butler, 41, of Morgantown, is being held in North Central Regional Jail in lieu of $10,000 Hamilton police announce drug arrests: Hamilton police and Butler County task force officers confiscated a large amount of heroin and other drugs Saturday News video on One News Page on Monday, 29 January 2018 Inside Butler County is reporting three people were arrested and more than 100 suspected stamp bags of heroin were seized as a result of a drug bust Monday night in the city of Butler. 12 charged in Pennsylvania drug bust. Butler was transported to the Adams County Jail and charged with possession of a schedule I drug (marijuana) with intent to distribute and possession of drug paraphernalia, Patten said. Three people were arrested following a drug bust over the weekend in Butler Township. He says all 28 are adults and the majority of cases began about one year ago. Updated: 7:08 AM EDT Sep 12, 2018 WLWT Digital Staff WLWT Digital Staff Advertisement Police: 12 indicted after $500,000 of marijuana found in Clermont County the Northern Kentucky Drug Task Personal mail at the Butler County Prison is getting digitized. Va. (WANE) A major drug bust in DeKalb County led to the arrest of 10 people, DeKalb County police said. com. Astasia Phelps is being held at the Butler County Justice Center (Source: Poplar Bluff Pick a Geographic Area or State Police Statewide Region Members of the Lawrence County District Attorney’s Special Investigations Unit joined forces with the New Castle City Narcotics Department and the Union Township Police Department for a drug bust Monday. 2:32. , was charged as of April 3, 2017, in McLean County with five felony drug offenses, including delivery of more than 5,000 grams of marijuana and marijuana Shenandoah drug bust nets three. The drugs seized came to Hamilton and Butler County from outside of the country, police say Infant found in apartment during Butler County drug raid. Butler, 23, of West View, one count each of possession of marijuana, possession with intent to deliver marijuana, delivery of …Ohio State Highway Patrol troopers filed felony drug charges against an Ohio man after a traffic stop in Butler County. , at an apartment in Old Plank Estates. Recommendations and Reviews A major drug bust last week resulted in a seizure of $3. Three people were arrested Tuesday night after Butler County Sheriff’s deputies conducted a traffic stop at Park Avenue and F Street in Hamilton. Nobody knows what has of your uncle the man who really owns this store. Three people were arrested and more than 100 suspected stamp bags of heroin were seized as a result of a drug bust Monday night in the city of Butler. Two purported drug dealers — one from out of county — and a customer were arrested Wednesday at the home in the 300 block of First Street, authorities said. Arrests were made by the Organized Crime Division, Cincinnati Police, Northern Kentucky Drug Strike Force, Harris County Sheriff's Office (Berry, Kentucky), and the Butler County Undercover 2 arrested after drug bust in Poplar Bluff POPLAR BLUFF, MO (KAIT) - A drug bust in Poplar Bluff Butler County Sheriff's Office searched a home on the 1800-block of South 11th Street in Poplar Bluff. Sean Bussard, George Butler Advance Leader (western Noble County) Albion New Era (central Noble County) Butler Bulletin (Butler, DeKalb County) Garrett Clipper (Garrett, DeKalb County) Churubusco News (Churubusco, Whitley The sweep was conducted in Westmoreland County, and targeted those who were allegedly dealing heroin and other drugs in several communities. Visit ButlerRadio. Press conference from major drug bust in Butler County Aug 21, 2018 Sheriff: 3 arrested in drug trafficking bust in Butler County. News. man caught with huge haul of meth in Butler County www. Posted: Nov 01 members of the Butler Township, Mahanoy City, Shenandoah, West Mahanoy Township, Mahanoy Township, and Tamaqua Police Departments, and …Sheriff: 3 arrested in drug trafficking bust in Butler County. so THAT right there makes this a big prohibited person bust. Sean Bussard, George Butler Illegal Aliens BUSTED by Cincinnati DEA in Heroin Trafficking Ring The threat from the federal criminal illegal aliens in America only continues to be proven as strengthening with new reports that a widespread heroin narcotics trafficking ring ran by illegals in Butler County, Ohio has been shut down by the Cincinnati Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA). At approximately 7 p. Posted: Nov 01 members of the Butler Township, Mahanoy City, Shenandoah, West Mahanoy Township, Mahanoy Township, and Tamaqua Police Departments, and the Seneca County; Local drug bust unveils heroin, crack, meth and more On Monday, August 6th, 2018, the Seneca County Drug Task Force-METRICH Enforcement Unit, along The El Dorado Police Department, along with assistance from the Butler County Sheriff’s Investigators and the KBI, arrested 19 individuals on drug charges since Thursday, with the final individual expected to be arrested today. Sheriff Richard Jones said the Butler County Sheriff’s Office El Dorado police say 28 suspects have been arrested in connection to a "large-scale drug operation. March 12 James Lee Herbert III, 25, Read more. Butler County Sheriff Richard Jones told Ingraham that this was the fourth big drug bust in the area. possession of drug paraphernalia, conspiracy and Advance Leader (western Noble County) Albion New Era (central Noble County) Butler Bulletin (Butler, DeKalb County) Garrett Clipper (Garrett, DeKalb County) Churubusco News (Churubusco, Whitley Authorities seized over $13,000 worth of heroin and crack cocaine during a drug bust Tuesday night in the city of Butler. com FLORENCE COUNTY, SC (WMBF) - A total of 15 suspected heroin traffickers are behind bars after an undercover drug bust operation put these people in custody. Inside Butler County is reporting three people were arrested and more than 100 suspected stamp bags of heroin were seized as a result of a drug bust Monday night in the city of Butler. Updated: Jun 28, 2018 - 5:41 PM. Butler County Jail shared a link. ABERDEEN, Ohio — A traffic stop made by the Aberdeen Police Department on US 52 near the Valero gas station Sunday night in Aberdeen quickly became a drug bust, leading View Full Obituary AA paving set to being this week On behalf of Roberts Law Group, PLLC posted in Drug Crimes on Thursday, April 7, 2011. Ten arrested in DeKalb drug bust. NO WAY he ever could “This was a great investigation that led to ending an illegal drug business," Sheriff Richard K. Deputies were in the area on an unrelated call when they noticed a strong odor of marijuana coming from 2603 Butler Road, according to a …Home Local Local drug bust unveils heroin, crack Facebook. February 22, 2017 by Post Staff 18 Comments. when he came in to contact with a vehicle parked in the area, according to Lt. According to Channel 11’s news partners at Inside Butler County, officers Authorities Bust Ohio Heroin Trafficking Ring Involving Illegal Immigrants Butler County Sheriff Richard Jones told Ingraham that this was the fourth big drug bust in the area. ABERDEEN, Ohio — A traffic stop made by the Aberdeen Police Department on US 52 near the Valero gas station Sunday night in Aberdeen quickly became a drug bust, leading View Full Obituary AA paving set to being this week Fourth arrest in 2017 Winneshiek County drug bust Nov. Pittsburgh Ranked Most Affordable For Renters In NationZillow ranked Pittsburgh number on its 2018 list of the Allegheny County, Drug Bust has been released about a Butler County native On Thursday, October 11, 2018, members of the Schuylkill County District Attorney’s Office, Drug Task Force, Pennsylvania State Police, Butler Township Police Department, Frackville Borough Police Department, Minersville Borough Police Department, Schuylkill Haven Police Department and Tower City Police Department, executed a search and Posted Wednesday, December 19th, 2018 . Most of the suspects picked up Thursday are accused of selling marijuana or LSD; but others also dealt heroin or psychedelic mushrooms, county Detective Pat Cannon said. Police Nab 18 in Jefferson County Drug Sting 71179 views UPDATE: Multiple Fatalities Reported in Interstate 80 Crash; Roadway Shut Down 61873 views UPDATE: 27 Locals Arrested in Major Drug Bust in Clearfield County 54092 views3 arrested in Butler County drug bust that included ‘substantial amount’ of meth, fentanyl. - The Butler County District Attorney’s Drug Task Force began serving more than 30 criminal arrest warrants Tuesday in Butler. Press conference from major drug bust in Butler County. We appreciate the comments other sites are making about this crisis. The Coconino County Sheriff’s Office is investigating the As of 2018 fentanyl was the most commonly listed opioid in overdose drug deaths surpassing heroin. Posted on February 4, 2018 The recent ‘unprecedented’ 116-gun seizure is the latest big bust in Butler County. 12. 3 arrested in Butler County drug bust that included ‘substantial amount’ of meth, fentanyl Fentanyl persists, crystal meth rises in Lake County in 2018 Authorities raid Norwalk residence Authorities in Chester County have announced more than four dozen arrests in a major drug sweep operation dubbed "Operation Crushed Ice. Friday El Dorado Police officers made a drug purchase and arrest in a parking lot in El Dorado, Officers bust up meth labs . Carolyn Baker Butler County. Hamilton police arrest two 'major players,' seize $500,000 worth of drugs Police say the drug bust hopefully disruption in the drug business in the city. 11, 2016 and Oct. Jones announces that agents from the Butler Press Release Comments Off on Three Arrested in Hamilton and Mt. The operation was a collaborative effort involving the U. Suite 11 Butler, AL 36904A routine traffic stop for officers in Armstrong County led to a suspected drug bust. October 9, 2006 at 4:02 PM CDT - Updated July 10 at 10:40 PM . Sheriff Richard K. com for all your local, Butler County NewsThe Butler County Sheriff’s office, Greenville Police Department and 2 nd Judicial Drug Task Force confiscated more $3,000 worth of drugs during a Friday morning bust. An investigation that began in February 2015 has thus far resulted in 84 cases and warrants Three people were arrested and more than 100 suspected stamp bags of heroin were seized as a result of a drug bust Monday night in the city of Butler. Campaign 2018 Butler County Jail is on Facebook. The drugs seized came to Hamilton and Butler County from outside of the country, police say PHOTOS: Heroin seized, couple arrested in Butler drug bust “The county commissioners and the opioid seminars, (we need to) bring a lot more education to the people out there,” said Sheriff Officers arrested 18 alleged drug dealers on Wednesday following an undercover investigation in Butler County, targeting marijuana, prescription drug and heroin abusers. The Ohio State Highway Patrol hosted the 2018 African American Leadership Conference which provided employees with the Maurice Butler, 26, was charged with possession of marijuana with intent to deliver, possession of a firearm during the commission of a felony. He was held on a $50,000 bond at his initial appearance and was transferred to the custody of the Mohave County Sheriff’s Office. butler county drug bust 2018 The arrests culminated a three-week investigation by the Summit County Drug Unit. Thomas King, 31, was arrested Saturday on Simms Road in Fairfield. The heroin trafficking case is a multi-agency drug investigation that included agents from Immigration and Customs Enforcement and officers from the Butler County BURN and Fairfield and Oxford Pair Charged In Slippery Rock Drug Bust. Sheriff Richard Jones called it one of the biggest cases his office has seen in a long time. Charged with drug trafficking is Alexander C. Seneca County; Local drug bust unveils heroin, crack, meth and more On Monday, August 6th, 2018, the Seneca County Drug Task Force-METRICH Enforcement Unit, along Illegal Aliens BUSTED by Cincinnati DEA in Heroin Trafficking Ring The threat from the federal criminal illegal aliens in America only continues to be proven as strengthening with new reports that a widespread heroin narcotics trafficking ring ran by illegals in Butler County, Ohio has been shut down by the Cincinnati Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA). Government Organization. ohio heroin bust. who is being held at the Broome County jail on the earlier Akron Drug Bust, Arrests Announced. First Published October 24, 2018, 11:52am. Kilroy, 37, the target of the drug bust, was at the house on North Elm Street. S 3 arrested in Butler County drug bust that included ‘substantial amount’ of meth, fentanyl. Dec 07 2015 . Feb 8, 2018 Cincinnati police, with assistance from the Butler County Sheriff's Office January 2018: 6 charged in heroin trafficking ring in Butler County. Serving Lawrence County since 1880 State busts Butler drug ring but added that it is not believed that the New Castle supplier had a direct link to the local drug bust last week. 14, 2019, file photo, Nestle's logo is displayed on a window, during the 2018 full-year results press conference of the food and drinks giant Nestle A drug sweep targeting suspected dealers trafficking to high school age youths and young adults in southern Butler County has yielded 16 arrests. Ihlenfeld talk about an area-wide drug bust that charged 87 individuals. 11, 2018, according to the Clermont County Sheriff's Office. Maurice Butler, 26, was charged with possession of marijuana with intent to deliver, possession of a firearm during the commission of a felony. The information and photos presented on this site have been collected from the websites of County Sheriff's Offices or Clerk of Courts. -- A drug bust in Wheeling turns into much more when police find a stolen weapon on a suspect that was allegedly taken from a state trooper. February 6, 2018 Rachael . Sep 13, 2017 A drug investigation involved multiple law enforcement agencies, including the Hamilton Police Department and the Butler County Sheriff's Office. A major drug bust last week resulted in a seizure of million worth of fentanyl in clark county, which officials said continues the important work of the task. Five people are behind bars in Coweta County in connection to a major drug bust. January 2018 Multiple Drug Arrests On Friday, December 22, 2017, the Choctaw County Sheriff’s Office went to 2340 Narrow Road, Needham, Alabama to execute a warrant. Man Arrested In Millvale Drug BustA man was arrested in Millvale after a 2018 at 11:08 The Butler County Sheriff’s office, Greenville Police Department and 2nd Judicial Drug Task Force confiscated more $3,000 worth of drugs during a Friday morning bust. Police Five people are behind bars in Coweta County in connection to a major drug bust. Sections of this page. Couple sue after police mistake hibiscus for pot in drug bust BUFFALO TOWNSHIP, Pa. Four people are facing drug charges after arrests made on Tuesday, Feb. 3/25/2019 Local News 0 comments Tip leads to Dischman's arrest Butler County Community College is planning major construction projects for its main campus in Butler Township. #3 POSSESSION OF DRUG ABUSE INSTRUMENTS. The Carter County Sheriff’s Office, the Missouri State Highway Patrol, and the South Central Drug Task Force were all involved with the seizure. Misdemeanor - Contempt Of Court (Pending); on off5 things to know about major Hamilton drug bust. fox19. ARRESTED: 7/26/2018 8:19:00 PM New Hope man sentenced to 50 years in prison for He was held on a $50,000 bond at his initial appearance and was transferred to the custody of the Mohave County Sheriff’s Office. Butler County's great daily newspaper. Agents with the Lawrence County Drug Task Force . January 2018 For Immediate Release. TIFFIN, OH — On Monday, August 6th, 2018, the Seneca County Drug Task Force-METRICH Enforcement Unit, along with additional Officers/Agents from the Tiffin Police Department, executed drug related search warrants on two residences located at Butler County, Ohio - Persons Currently In Custody Home \| Print Last First To view those currently in custody, you need to prove you’re a human and not an automated program. The Christian County Sheriff’s Department arrested three people on various drug trafficking charges Saturday night following a major bust on Butler Road. By and Fairfield police departments, were a part of a team that broke up one of the largest drug trafficking rings in Butler County. Friday El Dorado Police officers made a drug purchase and arrest in a parking lot in El Dorado, said Sheriff Craig Murphy. INTIMIDATING A JUDGE, JUROR, WITNESS, ATTORNEY, ETC. Constantly updated. Major drug bust in Butler County. TAMA -- A large drug bust Thursday has led to an arrest in a suspected Butler County Jail is on Facebook. Jones wants Feb 01, 2018 · The heroin trafficking case is a multi-agency drug investigation that included agents from Immigration and Customs Enforcement and officers from the …Author: Michael PitmanPair Charged In Slippery Rock Drug Bust - ButlerRadio. The following individuals were booked at the Butler County Correctional Facility between March 12 – March 18, 2018. The following individuals were booked at the Butler County Correctional Facility between April 23-April 29, 2018. Butler Downtown. com/2018/05/14/bcso-nets-drugs-guns-in-bustThe Butler County Sheriff’s office, Greenville Police Department and 2 nd Judicial Drug Task Force confiscated more $3,000 worth of drugs during a Friday morning bust. A. Posted By: Ryan Saeler on: March 07, 2019 In: News. Mark McMichael with the Elizabethtown Police Department. He was placed in the county prison on $1 million bail. April 7, 2018 at 10:26 PM · Public. WLWT Digital Staff. Task force announces major drug bust. Butler County PA Emergency Services. Three Arrested In Large Heroin Bust. WMBF News rode along with the Florence Coun 08/12/2018 - 4:40 am \| View Link; Undercover officers bust suspected drug dealer at local Wendy's MT. Butler, 23, of West View, one count each of possession of marijuana, possession with intent to deliver marijuana, delivery of …BORDEN, ANTOINNE LAVAN -a-40-year-old Sylacauga man was arrested by the Talladega County Drug Task Force on Friday, March 15, 2019, on charges of CT 1 Possession of a Controlled Substance; CT 2 Possession of Drug Paraphernalia-03-15-2019; and by the Sylacauga Police Department on a charge of Alias Writ of Arrest-09-25-2018. The Butler County District Attorney's Drug Task Force conducted a sweep in Cranberry Township this morning that led to 16 arrests. The arrests were announced by Montgomery County District Attorney Advance Leader (western Noble County) Albion New Era (central Noble County) Butler Bulletin (Butler, DeKalb County) Garrett Clipper (Garrett, DeKalb County) Churubusco News (Churubusco, Whitley The federal charges come five months after he was arrested by state police in a drug bust. Mar 01 2019 . Department of Justice, the DEA, the Federal Bureau of Investigation, Kenosha police, Kenosha County sheriff’s, the Kenosha Drug The Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) gives notice that the property listed below was seized for federal forfeiture for 19-DEA-649761: $13,000. Evidence seized in Sunday's drug bust in Butler by the state attorney general's office. Cranberry drug bust nets 16 accused street dealers The Butler County Drug Task Force on Wednesday arrested 16 accused drug dealers in Cranberry and the surrounding area. possession of drug paraphernalia, conspiracy and Schuylkill County Drug Bust. m. - A plant mistaken for marijuana led to a Butler County couple suing their police department for a wrongful drug $15M heroin bust leads to 45-year sentence In addition to the drugs and $30,000 in cash, authorities seized 13 vehicles, two semi-automatic guns and a shotgun at the end of a two-month investigation. According to authorities, 31 warrants were issued for 116 guns confiscated in drug-related bust by Cincinnati police, Butler County Sheriff's Office Updated: 2018-02-06 23 a news conference Tuesday at the Butler County Sheriff’s Office. Butler was conducting a downtown patrol after businesses were closed. Arrests were made by the Organized Crime Division, Cincinnati Police, Northern Kentucky Drug Strike Force, Harris County Sheriff's Office (Berry, Kentucky), and the Butler County Undercover Infant found in apartment during Butler County drug raid. Police bust alleged thief who stole car, left belongings inside 02/26/19 0 Comments Updated: 7:08 AM EDT Sep 12, 2018 WLWT Digital Staff WLWT Digital Staff Advertisement Police: 12 indicted after $500,000 of marijuana found in Clermont County the Northern Kentucky Drug Task El Dorado police say 28 suspects have been arrested in connection to a "large-scale drug operation. Nov 27, 2018 Task Force News. (Butler County Undercover Regional Narcotics) Taskforce along with Agents from D. Press conference from major drug bust in Butler County. Butler was stopped near 16th Belmont County Drug Task Force Members Arrest Three on Heroin-Related Charges in Shadyside Community. com News weather sports for Youngstown-Warren Ohio. The raid took place at a home on West New Castle Street by the Butler County Drug Task Force- and members of the Butler City Police Department. Butler County Sheriff Richard Jones is holding a press conference Tuesday 116 guns confiscated in drug-related bust by Cincinnati police, Butler County Sheriff's Office Updated: 2018-02-06 23 a news conference Tuesday at the Butler County Sheriff’s Office	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line312
__label__wiki	0.996037	0.996037	PHOTOS: USD Coyote Women at South Dakota State University South Dakota State’s Macy Miller (12) shoots between the defense of University of South Dakota’s Chloe Lamb (22) and Jasmine Trimboli (5) during a game at Frost Arena in Brookings. (Matt Gade / Republic) South Dakota State’s Macy Miller (12) shoots over the defense of University of South Dakota’s Jasmine Trimboli (5) during a game at Frost Arena in Brookings. (Matt Gade / Republic) South Dakota State’s Macy Miller (12) shoots around the defense of University of South Dakota’s Ciara Duffy (24) during a game at Frost Arena in Brookings. (Matt Gade / Republic) South Dakota State’s Macy Miller (12) shoots over the top of University of South Dakota’s Madison McKeever (23) as Jaycee Bradley (12) watches during a game at Frost Arena in Brookings. (Matt Gade / Republic) South Dakota State’s Macy Miller (12) drives to the basket as University of South Dakota’s Jasmine Trimboli (5) defends during a game at Frost Arena in Brookings. (Matt Gade / Republic) South Dakota State’s Macy Miller (12) fights her way to the basket between University of South Dakota’s Jaycee Bradley (12) and Ciara Duffy (24) during a game at Frost Arena in Brookings. (Matt Gade / Republic) The University of South Dakota Coyotes celebrate their win over South Dakota State University following a game at Frost Arena in Brookings. (Matt Gade / Republic) University of South Dakota’s Allison Arens (10) drives to the basket as South Dakota State’s Alexis Alexander (1) defends during a game at Frost Arena in Brookings. (Matt Gade / Republic) University of South Dakota’s Madison McKeever (23) drives to the basket as South Dakota State’s Alexis Alexander (1) defends during a game at Frost Arena in Brookings. (Matt Gade / Republic) South Dakota State’s Macy Miller (12) shoots in front of University of South Dakota’s Jaycee Bradley (12) during a game at Frost Arena in Brookings. (Matt Gade / Republic) South Dakota State’s Madison Guebert (11) shoots between University of South Dakota’s Kate Liveringhouse (34) and University of South Dakota’s Jaycee Bradley (12) during a game at Frost Arena in Brookings. (Matt Gade / Republic) South Dakota State’s Macy Miller (12) shoots between University of South Dakota’s Jaycee Bradley (12) and University of South Dakota’s Chloe Lamb (22) during a game at Frost Arena in Brookings. (Matt Gade / Republic) South Dakota State’s Madison Guebert (11) dives for a layup through the University of South Dakota defense during a game at Frost Arena in Brookings. (Matt Gade / Republic) South Dakota State’s Tylee Irwin (21) shoots in front of University of South Dakota’s Madison McKeever (23) during a game at Frost Arena in Brookings. (Matt Gade / Republic) South Dakota State’s Madison Guebert (11) shoots between the defense of University of South Dakota’s Kate Liveringhouse (34) and University of South Dakota’s Jaycee Bradley (12) during a game at Frost Arena in Brookings. (Matt Gade / Republic) South Dakota State’s Macy Miller (12) goes to the basket as University of South Dakota’s Allison Arens (10) defends during a game at Frost Arena in Brookings. (Matt Gade / Republic) South Dakota State’s Macy Miller (12) shoots a free throw for her career 1,500 point during a game against the University of South Dakota at Frost Arena in Brookings. (Matt Gade / Republic) South Dakota State’s Madison Guebert (11), Sydney Palmer (32), Tagyn Larson (24) and Macy Miller (12) celebrate a run by the Jackrabbits during a game against the University of South Dakota at Frost Arena in Brookings. (Matt Gade / Republic) South Dakota State’s Madison Guebert (11) goes to the basket as University of South Dakota’s Madison McKeever (23) defends during a game at Frost Arena in Brookings. (Matt Gade / Republic) The South Dakota State University bench cheers on the Jackrabbits during a game against the University of South Dakota at Frost Arena in Brookings. (Matt Gade / Republic) South Dakota State’s Macy Miller (12) fires a pass during a game against the University of South Dakota at Frost Arena in Brookings. (Matt Gade / Republic) South Dakota State’s Tylee Irwin (21) goes to the basket as University of South Dakota’s Jaycee Bradley (12) defends during a game at Frost Arena in Brookings. (Matt Gade / Republic) South Dakota State’s Madison Guebert (11) goes to the basket as University of South Dakota’s Allison Arens (10) defends during a game at Frost Arena in Brookings. (Matt Gade / Republic) South Dakota State’s Macy Miller (12) brings the ball up the court during a game against the University of South Dakota at Frost Arena in Brookings. (Matt Gade / Republic) South Dakota State’s Alexis Alexander (1) makes a cut back move on University of South Dakota’s Madison McKeever (23) during a game at Frost Arena in Brookings. (Matt Gade / Republic) The South Dakota State University fans cheer along with the cheerleaders and dance team during a game against the University of South Dakota at Frost Arena in Brookings. (Matt Gade / Republic) South Dakota State’s Tylee Irwin (21) shoots between the defense of University of South Dakota’s Chloe Lamb (22) and University of South Dakota’s Jaycee Bradley (12) during a game at Frost Arena in Brookings. (Matt Gade / Republic) South Dakota State’s Alexis Alexander (1) fouls University of South Dakota’s Taylor Frederick (15) trying to block a pass during a game at Frost Arena in Brookings. (Matt Gade / Republic) South Dakota State’s Tylee Irwin (21) celebrates the foul after a basket during a game against the University of South Dakota at Frost Arena in Brookings. (Matt Gade / Republic) South Dakota State’s Madison Guebert (11) drives to the basket as University of South Dakota’s Allison Arens (10) and University of South Dakota’s Taylor Frederick (15) defend during a game at Frost Arena in Brookings. (Matt Gade / Republic) South Dakota State’s Tagyn Larson (24) shoots in front of University of South Dakota’s Madison McKeever (23) during a game at Frost Arena in Brookings. (Matt Gade / Republic) South Dakota State’s Macy Miller (12) makes a move to the basket as University of South Dakota’s Jasmine Trimboli (5) defends during a game at Frost Arena in Brookings. (Matt Gade / Republic) South Dakota State’s Alexis Alexander (1) dribbles past the defense of University of South Dakota’s Madison McKeever (23) during a game at Frost Arena in Brookings. (Matt Gade / Republic) Both University of South Dakota and South Dakota State University players wait to check into the game at Frost Arena in Brookings. (Matt Gade / Republic) University of South Dakota’s Allison Arens (10) knocks the ball out of the hands of South Dakota State’s Ellie Thompson (45) during a game at Frost Arena in Brookings. (Matt Gade / Republic) South Dakota State’s Rylie Cascio Jensen (2) shoots a 3-point basket as University of South Dakota’s Allison Arens (10) tries to defend during a game at Frost Arena in Brookings. (Matt Gade / Republic) South Dakota State’s Ellie Thompson (45) goes to the basket around University of South Dakota’s Ciara Duffy (24) during a game at Frost Arena in Brookings. (Matt Gade / Republic) The University of South Dakota bench cheers on the Coyotes defense during a game against South Dakota State University at Frost Arena in Brookings. (Matt Gade / Republic) South Dakota State’s Tylee Irwin (21) shoots over University of South Dakota’s Kate Liveringhouse (34) during a game at Frost Arena in Brookings. (Matt Gade / Republic) South Dakota State’s Madison Guebert (11) fights her way to the basket as University of South Dakota’s Allison Arens (10) defends during a game at Frost Arena in Brookings. (Matt Gade / Republic) South Dakota State’s Madison Guebert (11) drives to the basket as University of South Dakota’s Allison Arens (10) defends during a game at Frost Arena in Brookings. (Matt Gade / Republic) South Dakota State’s Ellie Thompson (45) goes to the basket in front of University of South Dakota’s Taylor Frederick (15) during a game at Frost Arena in Brookings. (Matt Gade / Republic) South Dakota State’s Ellie Thompson (45) goes around the defense of University of South Dakota’s Taylor Frederick (15) during a game at Frost Arena in Brookings. (Matt Gade / Republic) The South Dakota State University bench celebrates a Macy Miller basket during a game against the University of South Dakota at Frost Arena in Brookings. (Matt Gade / Republic) South Dakota State’s Macy Miller (12) fights for the ball with University of South Dakota’s Madison McKeever (23) and University of South Dakota’s Taylor Frederick (15) during a game at Frost Arena in Brookings. (Matt Gade / Republic) South Dakota State University cheerleaders cheer for the Jackrabbits during a game against the University of South Dakota at Frost Arena in Brookings. (Matt Gade / Republic) University of South Dakota Head Coach Dawn Plitzuweit watches her team play defense against South Dakota State University during a game at Frost Arena in Brookings. (Matt Gade / Republic) South Dakota State’s Tagyn Larson (24) shoots a jumper during a game against the University of South Dakota at Frost Arena in Brookings. (Matt Gade / Republic) University of South Dakota’s Ciara Duffy (24) fouls South Dakota State’s Tagyn Larson (24) for a rebound during a game at Frost Arena in Brookings. (Matt Gade / Republic) University of South Dakota’s Monica Arens (11) drives to the basket as South Dakota State’s Madison Guebert (11) defends during a game at Frost Arena in Brookings. (Matt Gade / Republic) University of South Dakota’s Jasmine Trimboli (5) goes over the top of South Dakota State’s Madison Guebert (11) for a rebound during a game at Frost Arena in Brookings. (Matt Gade / Republic) A South Dakota State University cheerleader performs during a game against the University of South Dakota at Frost Arena in Brookings. (Matt Gade / Republic) The University of South Dakota bench watches as the Coyotes bring the ball up in the closing minutes during a game against South Dakota State University at Frost Arena in Brookings. (Matt Gade / Republic) South Dakota State’s Macy Miller (12) dives for a ball as University of South Dakota’s Allison Arens (10) snags it during a game at Frost Arena in Brookings. (Matt Gade / Republic) South Dakota State University students reach for a t-shirt during a timeout in the Jackrabbits game against the University of South Dakota at Frost Arena in Brookings. (Matt Gade / Republic) University of South Dakota’s Jasmine Trimboli (5) dribbles off the screen of University of South Dakota’s Ciara Duffy (24) on South Dakota State’s Macy Miller (12) during a game at Frost Arena in Brookings. (Matt Gade / Republic) South Dakota State University students hold signs trying to distract University of South Dakota players during a game at Frost Arena in Brookings. (Matt Gade / Republic) South Dakota State’s Sydney Palmer (32) grabs a rebound during a game against the University of South Dakota at Frost Arena in Brookings. (Matt Gade / Republic) University of South Dakota’s Jasmine Trimboli (5) and University of South Dakota’s Kate Liveringhouse (34) call out to their teammates during a game against South Dakota State University at Frost Arena in Brookings. (Matt Gade / Republic) South Dakota State’s Tagyn Larson (24) wins the opening tip-off against University of South Dakota’s Kate Liveringhouse (34) during a game at Frost Arena in Brookings. (Matt Gade / Republic) 25 Jan This entry was written by mgade, posted on January 25, 2018 at 10:00 pm, filed under Featured, General, Sports. Bookmark the permalink. Follow any comments here with the RSS feed for this post. Both comments and trackbacks are currently closed. View EXIF Data Older: Photos From the Kernel Girls Basketball Game Against Brandon Valley Mitchell’s Mackenzie Miller (42) is fouled by Brandon Valley’s Hannah Behrens (40) while shooting during a game on Tuesday night at the Corn Palace. … Newer: Photos From the DWU Women and Men’s Basketball Games Against Mount Marty Dakota Wesleyan’s Jason Spicer (40) shoots over the arms of Mount Marty’s Shaye Bloch (34) during a Great Plains Athletic Conference game on Wednesday …	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line313
__label__wiki	0.526284	0.526284	Write Accountable A Deeper Love A Knight of Kuryle About Nicohle Wall of Patrons A-to-Z Articles ’17 Writing Anime A-to-Z Challenge A-to-Z Challenge 2014 Asexuality Bad Poetry Financial/Helpful Humanity Fuck Yeah! LGBTQA Lovecraftian Horrors Lovecrafting Horrors NaNo '14 NaNo 16 New Years Resolution Bloghop Oracle/Tarot Rumpel and The Stillskin Seeker Series Sugarbaby/Findomme The Insecure Writer's Support Group The Kurylian Saga The Swordsman and The Sorcerer Weekly Writing Updates Daily Archives April 14, 2014 Ladies Locked in Towers April 14, 2014, A-to-Z Challenge 2014 Inspirational Pseudo-Science Review No comments String theory envisions a multiverse in which our universe is one slice of bread in a big cosmic loaf. The other slices would be displaced from ours in some extra dimension of space. – Brian Greene Multiverse theory has always been one of my favorites. A theory that states ultimately that not only are we not alone in our universe, we are in fact, not alone in our circumstances. For every choice we make, there are other universes in which we never made that choice. In each of these universes, other things have happened, other people in our lives, other riches, enjoyments or sorrows. It’s nice to think that that sort of thing is happening out there, don’t you think? I do. So why bring it up during my Fairytale themed week? Because it, in itself, explains part of the existance of fairytales. In each of the fairytales we know, something happens, the hero/ine makes a choice. Right? Let’s take Rapunzel for this one, since I named it Ladies in Towers and all. You should feel lucky, this was originally a feminism rant, but turned into string/multi theory instead. Yay, right? But no, now I’ve decided to use it to explain why Fairytales exist in a scientific mumbojumbo. Ish. I am not a scientist. This is my disclaimer. Now, let’s say Rapunzel’s mom chose not to have her husband steal the lettuce (seriously, who craves lettuce? No nutritional value whatsoever.) and instead raised her daughter on her own. Well, then that daughter would have been a peasant, and never would have married her Prince. Or had those twins. Or had her prince’s eyes gouged out. But that’s another story. LITERALLY. It is another story entirely, if you change just ONE. TINY. THING. This trope is called For Want of A Nail and is often considered to be the start of a thousand fanfics. Okay, so then say Mom DOES eat the lettuce, and Rapunzel ends up in the tower again. Well, she has so many choices from here! When she’s old enough, she could have just climbed down herself. But that doesn’t make for a good story! Or does it? I’d like to see a Rapunzel who was strong enough to leave her tower on her own. It makes sense, to have her stay up there, because up there, she is safe. Outside is only desserts and heartbreak and misery and Oh yeah, a life. But think about this. Any fairytale could have gone differently, if only given one, tiny, change. You could gain an infinite amount of plots, if you put this theory to work! Beauty and the Beast where Beauty chooses not to find her father. She marries Gaston and ends up having children, and only later, does she realise she missed out on life. Such a tragic tale! My theory is that Fairytales make for wonderful fodder for change, only because they ARE. SO. CHANGEABLE. How many versions of each fairytale do you know? But so long as they are the SAME consistent theme, they are STILL the same fairytale! It’s amazing! Hence, String/Multiverse theory in practice. We humans are such creative creatures, aren’t we? Copyright © 2019 Write Accountable - "Come away, oh human child… With a faery hand in hand." Designed by SMThemes.com, thanks to: Free WordPress themes, http://www.thrombo.ru and LacigaleClub.com	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line316
__label__wiki	0.561029	0.561029	Find Your Ride 22 Great Rides Heartland Rides Inspire Your Ride Mountains to Sea Photo credits (left to right): bennettslater.co.nz (images 1 & 3); Visit Ruapehu (images 2 & 4). Find Your Ride / 22 Great Rides / Mountains to Sea Starting on the slopes of a live volcano, this is an epic journey through two national parks, rolling hill country and remote river gorges. It reaches a fitting finale at the deep, blue Tasman Sea. Rich in natural and cultural heritage, the Mountains to Sea takes in a staggering array of scenery and sights – from historic railway viaducts, the abandoned Bridge to Nowhere, and old-town architecture of arty Whanganui city, to the volcanic and deep forest wonders of Tongariro and Whanganui National Parks. A jet boat trip, kayaking and waterfall walks are just some of the extras that can be added into the mix. Completing the entire trail is a challenging and often remote adventure for keen riders, but its varied sections, shuttles and other services, make day rides easy to organise and enjoy. UNESCO World Heritage-listed Tongariro National Park’s volcanic wonderland Whanganui National Park’s wild river, deep forest & remote valleys rich Māori & Pākeha heritage in marae, little churches, abandoned farms, an historic flour mill & much more viaducts & other curious relics along Ohakune’s Old Coach Road iconic Bridge to Nowhere thrilling Whanganui River jet boat ride Whanganui city’s art, culture, cafes & restaurants sweet riding on some classic backcountry singletrack thrilling 1000m, 17km descent down Mt Ruapehu Trail Detail The Mountains to Sea is divided into six main sections forming a continuous 199km route, with the exception of an unridable stretch of the Whanganui River. This gap is bridged by a 32km scenic jet boat ride between the Mangapurua Track and Pīpīriki, the northern end of the Whanganui River Road. (The distance including the jet boat trip is 231km.) The six sections are described below in the most popular order, from Ohakune, on the slopes of Mt Ruapehu, to Whanganui on the shores of the Tasman Sea. There are a couple of alternative sections, the Fishers and Kaiwhakauka Tracks, as detailed at the end of this description. Not officially part of the trail, they are best suited to mountain bikers looking for bonus rides, although both also happily link in to a multi-day Mountains to Sea journey. The full trail is typically ridden in 4–6 days, but fit riders can whip through it in 2–3. And while the ultimate experience is to ride literally from mountains to sea, a variety of day rides can be enjoyed along its length. Local bike hire and adventure tour companies will gladly help you organise the right trip for you. Ohakune Mountain Road 17km, Grade 3/intermediate, 1 hour What a way to start your Mountains to Sea adventure! From Ohakune town, local shuttles will ferry you up to Turoa skifield, 1700m above sea level on the slopes of Mt Ruapehu. On a good day you can see as far away as Mt Taranaki. (Super-fit, masochistic riders can cycle up, of course.) From there, it’s an exhilarating 1000m descent back to Ohakune along 17km of sealed road; fast riders can make it down in a little over 30 minutes. There’s a good reason to slow down, however. A series of walking tracks off the Mountain Road allow riders to savour the sights of this UNESCO World Heritage landscape, including the highest waterfall in Tongariro National Park, Waitonga Falls (1.5 hours return; 6 km from the top); Mangawhero Falls (5–10 mins return; 4km from Turoa); and the Mangawhero Forest Walk (1 hr return) and Rimu Walk (15 mins return) that start near the bottom of the Mountain Road. Ohakune Old Coach Road 15km, Grade 3/intermediate, 2–4 hours One of New Zealand’s best half-day rides, Ohakune Old Coach Road follows an historic byway, overgrown and largely forgotten until it was ‘rediscovered’ by locals in 2002. Easily accessible and suitable for riders of most ages and abilities, it traverses Tongariro National Park forest and farmland, with many epic lookouts over the volcanic plateau. Revealed along the way are many surprising and memorable sights – from spooky railway tunnels and grand viaducts, to old bush camps and remnants of the original cobblestone road. From the start point at Ohakune Rail Station, the first couple of kilometres follow Old Station Road and Marshalls Road before reaching the trailhead where a series of information panels retell the Coach Road’s fascinating story. From here, the trail then winds up along the old cobbled road into Tongariro National Park passing through ancient forest, including giant rimu and tōtara, spiky mountain cabbage trees, various ferns and feathery toetoe. The trail highlight is the beautifully restored 284m-long Hapuawhenua railway viaduct. From its span is a splendid view of the modern, 414m concrete viaduct that usurped the old dear in 1987. The trail continues to reach Taonui Viaduct, half the size of Hapuawhenua and in a state of rusty repair. It’s still an impressive sight. The trail emerges from a patch of interesting forest, into a pretty meadow near the trail’s endpoint, at Horopito. The settlement is home to the legendary car wreckers, Horopito Motors, more famously known as ‘Smash Palace’ for its role in a cult 1981 movie of the same name. It’s great for a game of ‘name that make and model’ with photo opportunities galore. Ruatiti Road & Middle Road Ruatiti Road and Middle Road link the Old Coach Road section with the start of the Mangapurua Track. It’s a long and occasionally hilly ride through a rural landscape, along a mix of gravel and sealed road. Although pleasant enough, it is primarily ridden by people completing the whole trail and seldom on its merits alone. (Indeed, many riders prefer to catch a shuttle to the start of the Mangapurua Track.) Overall, the ride is downhill, losing around 400m in elevation over 45km. However, some steep climbs – especially towards the end of Ruatiti Road – make it best suited to fit cyclists. From Horopito, Middle Road is signposted 1km south along busy SH4; road-sense is required along this short section From the turn-off it’s approximately 14km to Ruatiti Road, which meanders beside the scenic Manganui-o-te-ao River for part of the way. Halfway along Ruatiti Road (15 km from the junction) is Ruatiti Domain, where there are toilets and lovely, but basic camping. After the Domain, the road turns to gravel for the final 15km to the start of the Mangapurua Track, on the fringe of Whanganui National Park. Mangapurua Track 36km, Grade 4/advanced, 5–7 hours TRAIL CLOSED: The Mangapurua Track is closed around the bluffs near the southern end due to ongoing slips and work to clear overhanging rocks. The trail will likely remain closed until August or September 2019. For the latest information, please check the Mountains to Sea Cycle Trail website. An absolute treat for experienced mountain bikers, this journey through Whanganui National Park takes in long-abandoned farms, native forest, dramatic bluffs and deep ravines before reaching the Bridge to Nowhere, a graceful monument to early settlers’ broken dreams. The jet boat trip downriver to Pīpīriki is an invigorating way to end the ride. Super-fit riders can finish in less than four hours but mere mortals should allow considerably longer. When dry, the Mangapurua Track can be a wonderfully flowing and reasonably easy ride. However, it’s no place for novices in the wet, when the sticky papa clay surface can turn it into a bike-busting and soul-sapping quagmire. There are also a number of tricky bluffs to navigate where riders need to dismount and push bikes. Pick a fine day to ride if at all possible, and check in with local operators, visitor centres or DOC for the latest conditions. As there’s virtually no cellphone coverage, it is also recommended that riders carry a PLB (personal locator beacon) or spot tracker, and let someone know their intentions. From the trailhead at the end of Ruatiti Road, the trail climbs through farmland and regenerating native bush to the junction with the Kaiwhakauka Track (which traverses an adjacent valley and starts at the memorable Blue Duck Station). A carved tōtara pou here signifies the spirit of ngahere (the forest) and offers symbolic protection to visitors. It’s a little more climbing to reach Mangapurua Trig where there’s an impressive and touching memorial to the WWI servicemen and their families who settled the Mangapurua and Kaiwhakauka valleys more than one hundred years ago. Reading up on this history before you ride this trail will greatly enhance your appreciation of this special place, with its gnarled old fruit trees, brick chimneys and other relics often unnoticed except by the eagle-eyed. Behind the monument is a one-minute scramble up to a lookout with stunning views out across the Whanganui National Park and back east towards Tongariro National Park. Conveniently, there’s a toilet here, too. It’s downhill virtually all the way from the trig, the trail wending through the remote and rather beautiful Mangapurua Valley in which a series of old farm sites are signposted. Just how remote and challenging this place was for the settlers is brought home by Battleship Bluff, one of the most striking features along the track. Unsurprisingly, it presented one of the greatest obstacles to early settlers who spent two years blasting a route across the mighty cliff face. Little did they know their labour would serve pleasure-seekers on bikes, several generations down the line. The Bridge to Nowhere is the final, most powerful and poignant monument to the broken dreams of the WWI settlers. Arching elegantly across a steep ravine, Mangapurua Stream a good 40 metres below, the bridge was completed in 1936 – by which time many settlers had already abandoned the valley. A storm six years later was the final death knell – the road into this remote place was doomed. An iconic symbol of Whanganui National Park, today the bridge is well used by both Mangapurua Track bikers and walkers, and the thousands of people who visit on guided tours from Pīpīriki, or as part of the Whanganui River journey, one of New Zealand’s Great Walks (that’s actually a kayaking adventure). Just beyond the bridge is a lookout track that winds up above the Mangapurua Stream for elevated, iconic views of the bridge and surrounding bush. From the bridge, it’s around 3km to the Mangapurua Landing on the Whanganui River, where the trail runs out and a pre-booked jet boat transfers riders and bikes downstream to Pīpīriki. Riders should keep an eye out for walkers on this popular piece of track between the bridge and Landing. Mangapurua Landing—Pīpīriki 32km, jet boat ride or kayak/canoe trip There are two ways of getting to Pīpīriki, neither of which is on a bike! The easiest and most common is to be collected by the pre-booked jet boat for the invigorating 32km buzz down river (with bikes stowed onboard). Tour operators can also assist you in swapping the bike for a kayak or canoe, allowing you to experience part of the Whanganui Journey – the New Zealand’s Great Walks that’s actually a paddle. Camping and lodge accommodation is available for overnight stops. However you choose to travel, the Whanganui River is a Mountains to Sea highlight, complete with verdant gorges, gushing waterfalls, tumbling rapids and tranquil stretches of deep, green water. Whanganui River Road At the tiny riverside village of Pīpīriki, riders get back in the saddle and head south along the Whanganui River Road, or catch a pre-booked shuttle back towards Ruapehu if not travelling onward to Whanganui. Reasonably fit cyclists can ride the whole road in one day. Accommodation en route, however, allows the journey to be broken into a more leisurely two days. Note, too, that the only shop along the way is a tiny affair at Pīpīriki where ice cream and basic supplies may be available. While not a technical ride, the fully sealed road is gently undulating and therefore involves a fair bit of climbing – approximately 600 metres over 67km, including a couple of particularly gnarly ascents near the start and finish. The effort, however, is well worth it, not least of all for the elevated views along the river, but also for the many Māori and European heritage sites along the way. Between them, they tell quite the story of New Zealand’s early settlement, beginning with early Māori for whom the river was a primary highway. The Whanganui River Road brochure is essential reading for those who want to dig down. It pinpoints and illuminates a series of major landmarks, including Hiruhārama (Jerusalem), a catholic church and convent built at the end of the nineteenth century. The restored Kawana Flour Mill, built in 1854, is also notable. Around the 40km mark is Matahiwi, a small faming community, and site of the Matahiwi Gallery & Cafe (open 9am–4pm Wed–Sun, October (Labour weekend) to May. The river road ends with the fairly hefty climb over Aramoana Hill and a well-deserved 3km swoop down to the junction of SH4. It’s another 3km again to Ūpokongaro village, 12km upstream of Whanganui and once an important ferry crossing and riverboat stop. Today, riders can rest and reflect on their River Road adventure with refreshments at the bike-friendly hotel or cafe. Ūpokongaro—Tasman Sea The final section of the Mountains to Sea winds beside the lower reaches of the Whanganui River and through the artful city of Whanganui before reaching the Tasman Sea. From Ūpokongaro, the trail follows SH4 for a short distance before heading off-road beside the river. (Note that extra caution is advised along the highway section, with its speed limit of 100km/h.) On reaching the city limits, the trail continues alongside the river on cycle paths and urban roads before crossing to the other side via the Dublin Street bridge. Ahead is a lovely riverside boardwalk section into the centre of town passing galleries and sculptures along the way. Just past the mooring for the venerable paddle steamer Waimarie, Whanganui i-SITE a great place to discover what this vibrant city has on offer. The trail continues on the riverside boardwalk then detours into backstreets before returning to trace the river to the Tasman Sea through an interesting mix of local industry and seaside suburbia. Follow your nose, or keep an eye out for the cycle trail signage to keep on track. The Mountains to Sea Cycle Trail ends at North Mole, a moody, driftwood-strewn beach on the northern side of the Whanganui River breakwater. Head back to the city along the same route or explore the bohemian suburb of Castlecliff with its cafe and galleries. A day or so in Whanganui is a great way to bookend your journey. It’s one of New Zealand’s oldest cities, rich in heritage, arts and culture, and a satisfying selection of restaurants, cafes, bars and accommodation. ALTERNATIVE SECTIONS Two alternative legs, connected by 25km of on-road riding, can be combined to form an alternate start to the Mountains to Sea. The Fishers Track, which starts in National Park village, is a classic downhill track that makes a fabulous bonus, half-day ride but also links to the Kaiwhakauka Track. The Kaiwhakauka is a challenging but rewarding bike-and-hike that intersects with the main Mountains to Sea trail part way along the Mangapurua Track. This is remote backcountry, with atmospheric and pretty scenery providing just rewards for the effort. Fishers Track The trail start is signposted on the outskirts of National Park village. It begins with a gentle climb through the attractive native bush of Erua Forest before reaching a summit where there are fabulous views of the Tongariro National Park volcanoes behind and, on good day, the near-perfect cone of Mt Taranaki way out to the west. From here’s it’s a thrilling 520m downhill through lush farmland into the Retaruke Valley. At the end of the farm track it’s approximately 10km along a scenic country road to the war memorial at the junction of Oio Road, the usual pick-up point for pre-booked shuttles. Riders heading on to the Kaiwhakauka Track should head west on Oio Road; it’s 25km to the trailhead at Blue Duck Station. It is possible to cycle back to National Park village from the war memorial junction; it’s 23km by road involving some grunty climbing. Kaiwhakauka Track (Note: the distance and time provided are for the combined Kaiwhakauka and Mangapurua Tracks: from Whakahoro to the pou junction, then through the Mangapurua Valley to the Mangapurua Landing – the jet boat pick-up point.) Originally a horse and cart route, then a tramping track, the Kaiwhakauka Track now forms part of this alternate start to the Mountains to Sea. It connects to the adjacent Mangapurua Valley – with which is shares interesting WWI settler history – via a saddle climb. The trail starts at Blue Duck Station at Whakahoro, on the banks of the Whanganui River, 45km west of SH4 near Owhango. The station is a working farm, so-named for the resident whio (blue ducks); the farm folks are pretty serious about preserving the bird populations and put considerable work into conservation. They also offer authentic, homespun hospitality in both food and lodging. It’s a great spot to acclimatise to the remote vibe before heading out on the Kaiwhakauka. Despite trail upgrades, the Kaiwhakauka is still a rough-and-ready trail best suited to fit, experienced and well-equipped mountain bikers with no fear of sweat and tears. Much of it is narrow, technical singletrack that can get awfully muddy after rain. The valley is, however, very beautiful, sporting hidden creeks, lush bush, and pretty farmland, and rustic relics of a bygone era. The fact that few folk travel here adds a feeling of intrepid adventure. Depending on the trail conditions, riders may well be quite knackered by the time they’ve puffed their way up the climb out of the valley. At the saddle, a carved pou marks the intersection with the Mangapurua Track, a short distance away from the Mangapurua Trig. Day Rides A diverse range of trails and multiple access points make it easy to tailor a day trip to suit riders of most ages and abilities, supported by local shuttle and cycle tour operators. Here are some suggestions. 15km or 30km return, easy, 2–6 hours By far the most popular day ride on the Mountains to Sea Cycle Trail, this can be ridden in two different ways: as a one-way, primarily downhill ride, best started in Horopito (an easy shuttle drop-off); or as a 30km return ride from Ohakune. Either way, this is a wonderful outing suitable for any competent cyclist, complete with impressive lookouts, ancient forest, excellent interpretation panels, and the highly photogenic 284m Hapuawhenua railway viaduct. 17km, easy, 1 hour Get your designated driver or shuttle operator to drop you off at the Turoa car park for the exhilarating 17km, 1000m descent back to Ohakune. Maximise the pleasure by stopping to take in the various nature walks signposted from the road, or create a world of pain by cycling up to Turoa rather than hitching a ride. The uphill record is a smidge over 44 minutes (on a road bike of course); as a mere mortal you’ll need to allow at least three hours. This is, however, New Zealand’s only ‘hors category’ climb, so bragging rights are in order for those that make it to the top under their own steam. Note that this is a good-weather ride only (it’s pointless without the breathtaking views), and off-limits during the ski season when the road is hopping with snow bunnies. 36km, intermediate, 5–7 hours Thanks to its challenging riding, remote air, fascinating history and lashings of natural grandeur, this section of the Mountains to Sea was already a classic, backcountry MTB adventure long before the trail was created. It’s an epic day out for experienced, well-equipped mountain bikers, best started early morning so you’ve got enough time to smell the Mangapurua Valley’s roses and still make your boat pick up. Local bike tour operators are well versed in sorting the necessary shuttle and jet boat transfers. 27km, easy, 2–3 hours Starting near National Park village this ride through lush farmland lives up to its legendary status with a thrilling 520m descent and epic views. A pre-booked shuttle will ferry riders and bikes from the end of the ride, or it’s a pleasant 23km ride back to National Park along mainly quiet country back-roads. It’s rated grade 2 (easy) but is suitable for most abilities of rider on a mountain bike. Whanganui—North Mole (return) This leisurely ride is a wonderful way to get to know Whanganui city, starting in the CBD and taking in various riverside scenes, quiet back streets, and the driftwood-strewn beach at North Mole. There are galleries, cafes and other attractions along the way, but with a city map you can explore even further. TRAIL STATUS & ALERTS For current trail status and any alerts – such as temporary track closures and detours – check the trail website or Facebook page. FITNESS & SKILLS The Mountains to Sea Cycle Trail is primarily graded 2–3 (easy to intermediate), with the challenging Kaiwhakauka rated as grade 4 (advanced). There’s varying terrain from concrete bike paths and boardwalks, quiet country roads and an old cobbled road, to smooth gravel bike track and some testing backcountry singletrack. The terrain and remoteness of the Mangapurua and Kaiwhakauka sections, in particular, mean that those attempting the full trail should be fit and experienced off-road cyclists. There are also a number of tricky bluffs to navigate on the Mangapurua Track where riders need to dismount and push bikes. A number of sections are on public roads where riders should be prepared to meet vehicles. Riders may also encounter stock grazing along the roadside or being moved. TYPE OF BIKE A ship-shape mountain bike is essential for all but the most urban of rides (namely Whanganui city). Riders of remote and more rugged sections should ideally have basic mechanical skills and carry a tool kit. E-bikes are permitted on sections up to Grade 3, although consideration should be given to sufficient battery charge. Note that e-bikes, however, are not permitted in National Parks so this includes the Mangapurua Track. Although the trail is well signposted, carrying a map will prevent wrong turns, help time your ride for pick-ups, and identify interesting landmarks. For the remote Mangapurua and Kaiwhakauka sections, the official trail map and DOC map will suffice, but geography fanatics should consider a detailed topographical map. WEATHER & RIDING SEASON The Mountains to Sea Trail is open to riders all year round, even during the winter ski season: if the ski field conditions aren’t great or there’s too much snow on the Okakune bike trails, odds are you can find somewhere else to bike instead. Riders tackling the remote Mangapurua or Kaiwhakauka Tracks, however, should check in with the locals (e.g. bike operators or Department of Conservation) for the latest track conditions, regardless of the time of year. Both tracks can get very challenging after rain, and wash-outs do occur; high river levels may also make some streams impassable. Riders should let someone know their intended route and expected return time; they should also consider carrying a personal locator beacon (PLB), available to hire from some local operators and i-SITES. The weather is particularly changeable around the mountains of Tongariro National Park. It is vital that visitors check the forecast and track conditions before they set off, and carry appropriate clothing for all eventualities, including wet-weather gear. Some sections of trail pass through settlements where food and drink is available; namely Ohakune, National Park village, Whanganui city and a few settlements along the Whanganui River Road and SH4. However, most of this trail traverses remote country with no food supplies; it is vital to plan ahead and pack more than sufficient provisions. Water is available in towns and settlements along the trail; there are water sources on the backcountry sections but boiling or treating is recommended. Taking sufficient supplies for the full day is preferable to filling up en route. TOILETS & CAMPSITES In addition to public toilets in towns and villages, facilities are dotted at convenient points along the route including more remote sections; in the Mangapurua and Kaiwhakauka valleys and along the Whanganui River these are located at basic DOC campsites as detailed in their brochure and marked on the official map. CELLPHONE COVERAGE While cellphone coverage is good around main settlements such as Ohakune, National Park and Whanganui, it cannot be relied upon in outlying areas and is virtually non-existent in the wilds of Whanganui National Park. The Mountains to Sea Trail is located in the middle of the North Island. Ohakune, National Park village and Whanganui are the main towns on the trail, but it’s also close to other great visitor destinations including Taupō, Turangi, Raetihi and Whakapapa. Summer is the most popular time to ride, which coincides with the peak season for Tongariro and Whanganui National Parks. It is therefore recommended that accommodation and other necessary services are booked in advance for December–March; but also in winter when local operators switch their focus to serving snow sports. View all trail partners Stretching between Mt Ruapehu and Whanganui city in the central North Island, the Mountains to Sea Cycle Trail is easily accessible by road, railway, and air. Auckland International Airport is 4–5 hours drive away. Regional connections are available from Whanganui Airport, and further afield via Taupō and Palmerston North – both within two hours' drive of the trail. The trail can be reached via various scenic driving routes around the middle of the North Island, taking in highlights including Lake Taupō, the Forgotten World Highway and Taranaki, Hawke’s Bay, and the legendary bike trails of Rotorua’s Redwood Forest. The amazing Timber Trail and Great Lake Trail Great Rides are also within a 90-minute drive. Nationwide Intercity buses service major towns on and around the trail including Ohakune, National Park village and Whanganui. Note that in the winter months (June to August), there may be snow and ice on the roads around the Ruapehu region. It’s also possible to reach the Mountains to Sea Cycle Trail on the scenic Northern Explorer train journey that stops at Ohakune and National Park on its way between Auckland and Wellington. BIKE HIRE, TRANSPORT & TOURS The trail’s proximity to Tongariro and Whanganui National Parks means there are plenty of adventure tour and shuttle companies able to plan, support and even guide your trip. The remoteness of pick-up and drop-off points, however, makes it essential to book all transport services in advance. The main bases for mountain biking services are Ohakune, National Park and Raetihi, plus Taumarunui, which lies betweeen the Mountains to Sea and Timber Trail Great Rides. Not far away, Taupō and Rotorua are also hotspots for mountain biking and off-road cycle tours. Some companies offer guided and independent trips around multiple Great Rides; Auckland is a popular departure point for these. Find bike hire, transport & tours There’s a wide choice of accommodation in the trail’s main towns of Ohakune, National Park village, Raetihi and Whanganui, and in smaller trail hubs such as Whakahoro and Pīpīriki. There are other options dotted on or near the trail, including along the Whanganui River Road. It’s also possible to camp along the way. There are DOC campsites in Ohakune and Whanganui National Park, and other basic campsites at Ruatiti Domain and Otumaire on the Whanganui River Road. Commercial holiday parks can be found in all major towns and at Pīpīriki. Visit Ruapehu Visit Whanganui Tongariro National Park Our best family bike rides New Zealand's record-breaking Great Rides Terrific winter cycle rides Download Download trail map Share Share ride website-icon Visit the trail website Easiest: 0% Easy: 0% Intermediate: 80% Advanced: 20% Expert: 0% Location Black Ruapehu and Whanganui Clock Black 231km / 1–6 days Star Black volcanic mountains / remote river valleys / wild ocean Bridge to Nowhere Tours P 0800 480 308 or +64 (0)6 385 4622 E info@bridgetonowhere.co.nz ‘If there is one mountain bike trip you should do, this is the North Island’s best!’ (Jonathan Kennett). Come and see why with Bridge to Nowhere Tours – offering unforgettable one- and two-day cycle packages including all your transport and accommodation. © Copyright New Zealand Cycle Trail 2019 Website by PlasticStudio	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line323
__label__cc	0.631677	0.368323	Common & Vince Staples Take Down Robbers in “Hercules” Video Ft. Swizz Beatz By Hypebeast on July 12, 2019 in General, Music, Style On the heels of his lead single, "HER Love," from forthcoming album, Let Love, Common has dropped off a new track and music video from the project, titled "Hercules" featuring Swizz Beatz. Vince Staples makes a cameo in the spot as a cashier in a corner store and finds himself teaming up with the rapper by the end of it all in order to stop a robbery. Common's usual conscious wordplay is in full effect, touching on hot topics of today including the amount of photoshop work that gets done to images and even nodding to Virgil Abloh's rise in the fashion industry. Swizz Beatz's background vocals add a smooth touch throughout the video (directed by Carrick Moore Gerety) before it all culminates in a herculean moment as the duo save the day. Watch it go down above. Along with the song's release, the musician also shared details around the creative process behind Let Love, which was inspired by his New York Times Best Seller, Let Love Have the Last Word: A Memoir. "It forced me to go deeper and because I opened up about so many things in the book, I was charged to go to raw, personal and spiritual places in the music," he said. “Production-wise, I knew that the music had to have depth, soul and dimension to it. I wanted the musicianship and the spirit of what live music brings, but it also had to have something raw and basement about it. When my team said, 'You should do some music revolving around the book,' I just took that energy and went running into my artistry without focusing on anything else. No movies, no commercials, no parties (well, I don’t do that too much anyway) and I just worked on music. So this ... Continue Reading at https://hypebeast.com/ About Hypebeast View all posts by Hypebeast → Are Trigger Warnings Helpful? The Right Time to Use the Bathroom on an Airplane Norwood Chapter Draws Inspiration From California Deserts for SS20 Lookbook	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line326
__label__wiki	0.641038	0.641038	The American dependency By Bruce Haigh - posted Thursday, 23 June 2016 Sign Up for free e-mail updates! Irrespective of whether he wins or not, by nature of the fact he is where he is, Donald Trump throws into question the nature of our relationship with America, including the so called Alliance. How is it that a country like America, with a lot of talented people, can produce a presidential candidate like Trump and see him within a hairs breadth of becoming President? Is it the same phenomena that saw Abbott become Australian Prime Minister, Boris Johnson seeking to become British Prime Minister or the narrowly defeated right wing Presidential candidate in Austria, Norbert Hofer, Dutch right wing aspirant for Prime Minister, Geert Wilders, Presidential aspirant in France, Marine Le Pen or even our own Malcolm Turnbull, who has gone from a small l Liberal to right wing conservative in the space of five months? A common theme with all is demonization of asylum seekers and immigrants, particularly Muslims. They ascribe to and seek to maintain a status quo which has gone – the supremacy and dominance of the white population. But Trump is more. He is a Xenophobe with a huge military arsenal potentially at his disposal and an 'army' of rednecks backing him internally which includes members of state and federal police, the border force and members of the US armed forces. Australia rushed to the side of the American involvement in Viet Nam. It was a war which should never have been fought. It was entered into because of an American commitment to winning the Cold War. The analysis which saw Viet Nam as a domino in an Asian and broader world scenario was flawed. But as a part of paying our premium on the US defence insurance policy Australia went and in the process for the first time conscripted young men to fight overseas. It was a policy implemented by red neck Robert Menzies, Australian Prime Minister from 1949-1965 and an American and Monarchical admirer, who tugged his forelock at both. He is lauded by the Sydney Institute and other conservative institutions, such as the Institute for Public Affairs and conservative Australians such as Tony Abbott and Malcolm Turnbull. Turnbull embraces the American Alliance, but the unequal nature of the arrangement and the huge power imbalance between the two countries, can hardly be seen as an alliance of equals. It is on American terms and always has been. Australian military involvement in Iraq and Afghanistan has achieved nothing positive or of lasting gain. Instead we have seen the rise of ISIS, and the Taliban both in Afghanistan and Pakistan are stronger. American diplomacy relies on military power without it they believe their ability to negotiate is weak. American pressure forced the Australian purchase of the F 111 and now the F 35, it pushed the construction or purchase of larger submarines resulting in the Collins Class lemon, for construction of the air defence destroyers and now a new generation of submarines. They made acceptance of the Pine Gap spy and control facility a test of the Alliance. Operation of that facility and access to the information it gleans is entirely on their terms – hardly an outcome from an Alliance of equals. Turnbull says he could work with Trump, how could anyone? The man is repugnant. Paradoxically for a Republican, Trump has tapped into white blue collar and red neck fear of a loss of economic and social standing; they fear being a minority in their own US of A. This mood and Trumps fostering of it is dangerously destabilising and could lead to social unrest, whether Trump wins or loses the genie is out of the bottle. Where is the USA headed, with or without Trump as President? Trump does not like China, but Clinton is unlikely to moderate the responses already in place and planned to counter what the US sees as unjustified Chinese regional expansion. For Australia it remains all the way with the USA for better or for worse. But we could act as a broker; we could convene a permanent regional structure for ongoing dialogue to reduce and redirect tension. Many years ago Australia, through its key federal public departments, universities and independent think tanks might have sought to construct an independent Australian defence and foreign policy, centred on the region rather than US global concerns, ideology or fears over oil supply. Such a policy might have been nuanced and subtle. It would have required a degree of maturity and self confidence that to date has been sadly lacking in Australia. Is it too late? Are we irretrievably bound up in the fate of America, like a Roman vassal state as the Empire moved toward collapse? Bruce Haigh is a political commentator and retired diplomat. Bruce Haigh is a political commentator and retired diplomat who served in Pakistan and Afghanistan in 1972-73 and 1986-88, and in South Africa from 1976-1979 » Dutton ventures where fools fear to tread - March 19, 2018 » Duterte the dauntless - March 6, 2018 » Marawi is a metaphor for Islamic extremism in Asia - September 18, 2017 » The region and border protection - June 27, 2017 » Australia and ISIS in the region - June 8, 2017 All articles by Bruce Haigh	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line328
__label__cc	0.724252	0.275748	Solitaire Rules Custom Arcade Sticks First images of Chess and Puzzle We show you the first images of Chess & Puzzle, the new game that we are going to release very soon. As can be deduced from the title, it is a game based on the movements of chess pieces, but with a very different aim. In this case, the aim is not to make a checkmate but complete each screen using your mind to find the way to achieve the goal. The initial screens of the game focus on basic chess movements, but little by little new elements are added that make the game much more challenging and varied. The difficulty increases progressively, which will make you use the logic to finish each of the screens. Although the game will include a lot of levels that guarantee hours of entertainment, we do not discard the option of adding new levels packages and even an editor, which will greatly increase the game options. Coming soon for Android and iOS devices !! © 2019 OnPixelGames All rights reserved	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line329
__label__wiki	0.718029	0.718029	Home News Aspiring Nonprofit Leaders of Color Face Fewer Barriers i... Aspiring Nonprofit Leaders of Color Face Fewer Barriers in California Nonprofit leaders of color in California report facing fewer barriers than those in other states, a report from the Building Movement Project finds. The report, California's Race to Lead: The Nonprofit Racial Leadership Gap in the Golden State (30 pages, PDF), compared survey responses from more than eight hundred nonprofit staff in California, 57 percent of whom were people of color, with responses from more than thirty-two hundred nonprofit staff in other states, 39 percent of whom were people of color. According to the survey, while 76 percent of people of color in both samples expressed interest in pursuing a leadership position, those in California reported fewer barriers to advancement and less frustration in their work than those in other states. People of color in the Golden State also were more likely than their peers in other states to report having professional development support (41 percent vs. 36 percent), coaching or executive coaching (41 percent vs. 27 percent), and mentors inside (50 percent vs. 40 percent) and outside (65 percent vs. 61 percent) their organization. Funded by the David & Lucile Packard Foundation, the report also found that, with one exception (compensation levels), Californians of color were less likely to report challenges and frustrations such as limited opportunities for advancement (40 percent vs. 47 percent), lack of relationships with funding sources (38 percent vs. 43 percent), lack of role models (33 percent vs. 41 percent), lack of social capital or access to networks (28 percent vs. 33 percent), and having to represent their community (27 percent vs. 40 percent). Staff of color in California also were more likely than those in other states to agree that their organization paid adequate attention to racial/ethnic diversity in their communications, programmatic work, recruitment of staff and board members, and development and promotion of staff. At the same time, the survey found that 30 percent of respondents of color in California — lower than the 36 percent in other states — reported that their race had a negative impact on their career advancement. And large majorities of nonprofit staff of color both in California and elsewhere said the leadership of nonprofits doesn't represent the racial/ethnic diversity of the nation (81 percent in California and 86 percent in other states), that executive recruiters don't do enough to identify a diverse pool of candidates for top-level positions (78 percent and 81 percent), and that predominantly white boards often don't support the leadership potential of staff of color (68 percent and 72 percent). White respondents in California were slightly more likely than those in other states to agree that aspiring leaders of color faced such structural barriers; they also reported earning higher salaries than people of color in the state as well as respondents — both whites and people of color — in other states. "BMP's closer look at the California data showed that the Golden State has made progress on increasing nonprofit leadership diversity, with findings clearly pointing to gains for people of color when compared to other states," said BMP co-director Sean Thomas-Breitfeld, "but inequities remain." "The Golden State Difference: New Report Says CA Leads When It Comes to Diversity in Nonprofit Leadership, But Barriers Persist." Building Movement Project Press Release 02/12/2018. "California's Race to Lead: The Nonprofit Racial Leadership Gap in the Golden State." Building Movement Project Report 02/12/2018. Subjects: african americans / blacks; asians / pacific islanders; hispanics / latinos; minorities; native americans; philanthropy / voluntarism People: sean thomas-breitfeld Organization: building movement project Location: california; national February 8, 2019 Women of Color Face Racial, Gender Barriers to Nonprofit Advancement February 5, 2018 Gender Gap, Lack of Diversity in Foundation Staff Persist, Study Finds October 24, 2017 Disparities Persist for Children of Color, Immigrant Children July 12, 2017 LGBTQ Nonprofit Staff of Color Face Dual Barriers to Leadership July 4, 2017 Study Finds Persistent Age Gap, Lack of Diversity in Foundation Staff June 7, 2017 Aspiring Nonprofit Leaders of Color Face Structural Bias, Study Finds	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line333
__label__wiki	0.529106	0.529106	Title: Flood Wall Street protest Description: NYPD officers during the Flood Wall Street protest at the intersection of Wall St. and Broadway in New York, Sept. 22, 2014. The protesters, many who were affiliated with Occupy Wall Street, were trying to draw attention to the connection between capitalism and environmental destruction. Over a hundred protesters that would not move from the intersection were taken into custody. (Samira Bouaou/Epoch Times) Keywords: activism, activist, activists, apprehension, arrest, arrested, arresting, authority, captive, career, caught, civil, conflict, control, cop, crime, criminal, crowd, cuffs, custody, demonstators, demonstrate, demonstrating, demonstration, detention, dispute, ecological, ecology, emergency, emergency services, enforcement, environment, environmental, gather, gathering, government, handcuff, handcuffed, handcuffing, handcuffs, hostage, illegal, justice, law, law enforcement, law enforcement and crime, meeting, new york police department, nypd, occupation, officer, officers, order, outrage, penal, people, police, police officer, police officers, police uniform, policeman, policies, policing, political, politician, politics, prison, prisoner, profession, protect, protection, protest, protester, protesters, protesting, punish, punishment, rally, recovery, responsibility, restrained, rights, risk, safety, security, service, shackles, slogan, social, street, support, uniform, unlawful, young adults Filename: 20140922-WallSt-SamiraBouaou-2568.jpg Image Description: NYPD officers during the Flood Wall Street protest at the intersection of Wall St. and Broadway in New York, Sept. 22, 2014. The protesters, many who were affiliated with Occupy Wall Street, were trying to draw attention to the connection between capitali ISO Speed Ratings: 12800	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line334
__label__cc	0.736602	0.263398	Close Important - Please Read The images on this site offered under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike license may be used for free including for commercial purposes subject to the terms of the license. Should you not be familiar with Creative Commons licenses including their attribution requirements then please read the license here Picpedia.org Creative Commons Licensed Images The images on this web site were originally created by photographer Nicholas (Nick) Youngson and are now owned by RM Media Ltd who offer a small percentage of their stock images for free use, even commercial use, under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike license - please view license details and FAQ under each image. Cleaning Images Clipboard Images Credit Card Images Finance Images Handwriting Images Highway Sign Images R M Media Ltd offers a small percentage of it's stock for free use under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike license which allows publishers access to high quality images at no cost in return for a link to one of R M Media's web sites. Please do not abuse this service. This web site is a Business to Business web site supplying images to web site designers, article writers and publishers for use in the course of their business. Alpha Stock Images has a large range of stock images from just a few dollars with no attribution required: This website is owned and operated by RM Media Ltd Suite 11, Stanley Grange, Ormskirk Road, Knowsley Village, L34 4AR, England RM Media Ltd is registered in England & Wales Company Number: 10103835	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line336
__label__cc	0.684094	0.315906	Russell D’Alba President and Managing Director Timothy Minneci Executive Vice President and Managing Director W. Stephen Hadala III Don Shiers Nicholas Morreale John Hawkins Andrea Feine Andrew Scarcello Joseph Covley Molly Booi Joseph Waple rjd@paramaxcorp.com Russ is the Founder, President and a Managing Director of Paramax Corporation. He has represented family businesses as well as Fortune 500 companies in strategic sale transactions in the US and abroad. His expertise is in business and transactional negotiations. Prior to establishing Paramax, Russ was the founder and former managing partner of a leading regional CPA firm. His transactional experience and credentials allow him to understand the dynamics involved in a “mutual gains” approach to the sale of a business. Russ is a CPA (NY), has a Bachelor of Science in Accounting, completed the Mutual-Gains Negotiations Program at Harvard University, and is a registered Investment Banking Representative. He holds FINRA Series 7, 24, 63, 65, 79 and 99 licenses. See Russell D’Alba’s BrokerCheck Profile at FINRA	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line342
__label__cc	0.721316	0.278684	The Market Opportunity prostaCare introduces prostaFix – an innovative treatment gently fixing prostate enlargement prostaFix is an innovative, easy-to-use device that treats the problems arising from an enlarged prostate that afflict 50 per cent of men over 50. It does so gently and effectively in just around 30 minutes in the doctor’s office and most importantly, it does so without any of the side effects of known treatments. No loss of sexual function, no suffering from incontinence and no long term pain after a surgical intervention or being forced to urinate in a carry around attached bag. The treatment gap: many suffer and stand to benefit BPH can greatly affect the quality of life of the men afflicted, and, because men are living longer, it is now one of the world’s fastest growing diseases: over the past 20 years, the BHP problem has been growing from rank 35 to rank 20 in the UN Health global burden of disease report. The global market is huge with around 210 million men are affected by BPH and 25 per cent needing treatment. The timeline – moving forwards Phase One development of the prostaFix device is now complete. An effective, safe, easy-to-use prototype has been successfully developed. Fourteen patents, in the US and Europe, have been applied for and eight have been granted. Animal and human feasibility trials have been successfully completed. The human feasibility with 16 patients showed very good results with a follow up after 1 week and after 1, 3, 6 and 12 months. It showed that prostaFix is a safe, fast, effective and well tolerated treatment. Detaills are: • Quick and lasting symptomatic relief: significantly improved BPH symptom score • Minimal side effects: preserves sexual function & continence, no device-related serious AE, much less pain. • Excellent tolerability: well-tolerated & painless (31% patients had no increase in VAS score & avg 1.2) • Improved QOL: 67% improvement in QOL score at 6-month • Fast treatment time: 24-minute procedure at optimal dose • Average necrotic region: 2.0cm x 1.2cm x 2cm at 1week prostaCare is now ready for Phase Two – to develop a commercial production scale device and catheter and launch it into first key markets. This second phase will take around 15 to 18 months. It involves securing European CE Mark approval which includes a further human clinical trial. prostaCare will then be ready for manufacture and launch into its initial target markets in Europe and Asia: countries where the CE sign enables us to launch it already. Following successful completion of this phase, Phase Three will see sales expansion into other European countries. The company will then prepare prostaFix for launch into the US, Australia and other global markets. This will require local regulatory approvals (eg FDA in the US, TGA in ANZ or in China the SFDA) as well as marketing trials. Strong Intellectual Property rights secured prostaCare has already put strong intellectual property (IP) protection in place. It has 14 patents which cover a broad range of technological applications. Eight patents have already been granted in the US. The patents cover the treatment of both benign and cancerous tissue using DC ablation and combination therapies. The latter include DC ablation with radiation and DC ablation with chemotherapy. In addition, the design of the control unit is covered by patent, plus other percutaneous (needle puncture) applications. There are a further four US patent applications pending. They cover transurethral DC ablation of the prostate and the prostaFix procedure. Control unit design and other percutaneous (needle puncture) applications are also covered. Two European regional patents are also pending	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line355
__label__cc	0.526321	0.473679	• Notice of Amendments -- Bill 100 • Issam El-Bouji • MOAG Copper Gold Resources Inc. et al. • Granite Real Estate Investment Trust and Granite REIT Inc. • Brandes Investment Partners & Co. • TD Securities Inc. • TMX Group Limited et al. -- ss. 21, 144 • Refinitiv Multilateral Trading Facility -- s. 147 • TJM Institutional Services LLC -- s. 38 of the CFA and s. 6.1 of OSC Rule 91-502 Trades in Recognized Options • TD Securities Inc. -- s. 38(1) of the CFA Chapter 3 - Reasons: Decisions, Orders and Rulings OSC Decisions Chapter 9 - Legislation • Bill 100, the Protecting What Matters Most Act (Budget Measures), 2019 • Nasdaq CXC Limited -- Notice of Proposed Changes and Request for Comment • Refinitiv Multilateral Trading Facility -- Application for Exemptive Relief -- Notice of Variation of Commission Interim Order Notice of Amendments -- Bill 100 NOTICE OF AMENDMENTS TO THE SECURITIES ACT AND THE COMMODITY FUTURES ACT On May 29, 2019, the Government's Bill 100, the Protecting What Matters Most Act (Budget Measures), 2019, received Royal Assent. Bill 100 includes a number of amendments to the Securities Act and the Commodity Futures Act. An explanation of these amendments is provided in Chapter 9. Questions may be referred to: sthompson@osc.gov.on.ca Issam El-Bouji ISSAM EL-BOUJI, File No. 2018-28 TORONTO -- Take notice that the hearing in the above named matter scheduled to be heard on June 6 and 7, 2019 will not proceed as scheduled. The hearing will continue on June 21, 2019 and June 27, 2019 at 10:00 a.m., and June 28, 2019 at 9:00 a.m. TORONTO -- Take notice that the hearing dates in the above named matter are currently scheduled to be heard on June 21, June 27 and June 28, 2019. The June 27 and June 28, 2019 hearing dates are vacated and the hearing will continue at 10:00 a.m. on July 16 and July 17, 2019. TORONTO -- The Commission issued its Reasons and Decision on a Motion in the above named matter. A copy of the Reasons and Decision on a Motion dated June 6, 2019 is available at www.osc.gov.on.ca. MOAG Copper Gold Resources Inc. et al. MOAG COPPER GOLD RESOURCES INC., GARY BROWN and BRADLEY JONES, File No. 2018-41 Granite Real Estate Investment Trust and Granite REIT Inc. National Policy 11-203 Process for Exemptive Relief Applications in Multiple Jurisdictions and Multilateral Instrument 11-202 Passport System -- NI 44-102 Shelf Distributions, s. 11.1 -- real estate investment trust and the corporation want relief from certain basic qualification criterial to accommodate stapled structure -- exemption granted subject to conditions including that if the Stapled Units are unstapled and trade separately, neither real estate investment trust nor the corporation will thereafter continue to use any such base shelf prospectus. National Instrument 44-102 Shelf Distributions, s. 11.1. IN THE MATTER OF THE SECURITIES LEGISLATION OF ONTARIO (the Jurisdiction) AND IN THE MATTER OF THE PROCESS FOR EXEMPTIVE RELIEF APPLICATIONS IN MULTIPLE JURISDICTIONS AND IN THE MATTER OF GRANITE REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST AND GRANITE REIT INC. The principal regulator (the Decision Maker) in the Jurisdiction has received an application (the Application) from Granite Real Estate Investment Trust (Granite REIT) and Granite REIT Inc. (Granite GP) (Granite REIT and Granite GP each a Filer and, collectively, the Filers), for a decision (the Exemption Sought) by the Decision Maker under the securities legislation of the Jurisdiction (the Legislation) that: (a) pursuant to section 11.1 of National Instrument 44-102 -- Shelf Distributions (NI 44-102), sections 2.2(3)(b)(i) and (iii) shall not apply to Granite REIT; and (b) pursuant to section 11.1 of NI 44-102, sections 2.2(3)(b)(i), (ii) and (iii) shall not apply to Granite GP. (b) the Filers have provided notice that section 4.7(1) of Multilateral Instrument 11-102 -- Passport System (MI 11-102) is intended to be relied upon in each of British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, Québec, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island, Newfoundland and Labrador, Yukon, the Northwest Territories and Nunavut (the Other Jurisdictions). Defined terms contained in National Instrument 14-101 -- Definitions have the same meaning in this decision unless they are defined in this decision or the Varied Decision Document (as defined below). This decision is based on the following facts represented by the Filers: 1. Granite REIT is a Canadian-based real estate investment trust engaged, directly and through Granite LP (as defined below) and its subsidiaries, in the acquisition, development, management and ownership of industrial, warehouse and logistics properties in North America and Europe. 2. Granite GP is a corporation formed under the Business Corporations Act (British Columbia). Granite GP acts as the general partner of Granite REIT Holdings Limited Partnership (Granite LP), a limited partnership formed under the laws of Quebec. Granite REIT is the sole limited partner of Granite LP. 3. Each of Granite REIT and Granite GP is a reporting issuer in the Jurisdiction and the Other Jurisdictions and on the date hereof neither of the Filers is in default of applicable securities legislation or the rules and regulations made pursuant thereto in the Jurisdiction or any of the Other Jurisdictions. 4. Each trust unit of Granite REIT (a Granite REIT Unit) is stapled to a common share of Granite GP (a Granite GP Common Share) to form a "stapled unit" (a Stapled Unit), and the two securities trade together (the Stapled Structure). The Stapled Units are currently listed and trade on the Toronto Stock Exchange and the New York Stock Exchange. 5. The Granite REIT Units and Granite GP Common Shares forming the Stapled Units are separately listed, but not separately posted for trading, on the Toronto Stock Exchange. 6. Granite REIT and Granite GP are party to a support agreement (as amended, the Support Agreement) which facilitates the Stapled Structure. Among other things, the Support Agreement requires each to issue its component part of a Stapled Unit simultaneously with the other, and to cooperate to facilitate the other in fulfilling its obligations to issue Granite REIT Units or Granite GP Common Shares, as applicable, to form Stapled Units. 7. The Granite REIT Units and the Granite GP Common Shares will only become unstapled (a) in the event that holders of Granite REIT Units vote in favour of the unstapling of Granite REIT Units and Granite GP Common Shares, such that the two securities will trade separately, or (b) at the sole discretion of the trustees of Granite REIT or the directors of Granite GP upon an event of bankruptcy or insolvency of either Granite REIT or Granite GP. 8. In connection with the formation of the Filers' Stapled Structure in 2013, the Filers obtained exemptive relief from certain continuous disclosure and other requirements of applicable securities laws in the Jurisdiction and the Other Jurisdictions in a Decision by the Ontario Securities Commission, as principal regulator, dated December 21, 2012 (In the Matter of Granite Real Estate Inc., on its own behalf and on behalf of Granite Real Estate Investment Trust and Granite REIT Inc.) (the 2012 Decision), which Decision was subsequently varied by a Decision by the Ontario Securities Commission, as principal regulator, dated May 16, 2014 (In the Matter of Granite Real Estate Investment Trust and Granite REIT Inc.) (the 2012 Decision, as so varied, the Varied Decision Document). 9. The Varied Decision Document provides for exemptive relief from a number of the continuous disclosure requirements of the securities laws in the Jurisdiction and the Other Jurisdictions including, in particular, those relating to (i) financial statements disclosure to permit Granite REIT and Granite GP to prepare, file and deliver one set of combined financial statements prepared by the Filers on a combined basis (Combined Financial Statements) using the accounting principles applicable to Granite REIT and Granite GP pursuant to the securities legislation of the Jurisdiction, and related management's discussion and analysis (MD&A), to reflect the financial position and results of Granite REIT and Granite GP on a combined basis, instead of each of them preparing, filing and delivering its own stand-alone financial statements and MD&A, and (ii) annual information form (AIF) disclosure by Granite GP, so long as the AIF filed by Granite REIT contains all information that would be required in an AIF filed by Granite GP for the same reporting period, in each case while the Stapled Structure is in place. 10. The Varied Decision Document provides exemptive relief for Granite REIT from certain of the basic qualification criteria contained in sections 2.2(d)(i) and 2.2(e) of National Instrument 44-101 -- Short Form Prospectus Distributions (NI 44-101) for eligibility to file a short form prospectus, in particular the requirements that Granite REIT have current annual financial statements for any period for which Granite REIT files Combined Financial Statements, and that Granite REIT have equity securities listed and posted for trading on a short form eligible exchange. 11. The Varied Decision Document provides exemptive relief for Granite GP from certain of the basic qualification criteria contained in sections 2.2(d) and 2.2(e) of NI 44-101 for eligibility to file a short form prospectus, in particular the requirements that Granite GP have current annual financial statements for any period for which Granite REIT files Combined Financial Statements, a current AIF and equity securities listed and posted for trading on a short form eligible exchange. 12. The Filers are each eligible to file a short form prospectus pursuant to section 2.2 of NI 44-101 and the Varied Decision Document. 13. The Filers have determined that they may wish to offer securities pursuant to a short form base shelf prospectus and applicable prospectus supplements. 14. If Granite REIT and Granite GP rely on the Varied Decision Document and the Exemption Sought with respect to the filing of a short form base shelf prospectus and applicable prospectus supplements to distribute Stapled Units or other securities, they will file a single shelf prospectus and applicable prospectus supplement for such a distribution, qualifying the distribution of securities of each issuer (a Joint Prospectus), which will incorporate by reference the following documents: (a) Granite REIT's then current AIF (Granite REIT's Current AIF); (b) the then most recent audited annual Combined Financial Statements, together with the related MD&A; (c) if, at the date of the Joint Prospectus, Granite REIT or Granite GP have filed or have been required to file interim Combined Financial Statements for a period subsequent to the then most recent financial year-end, such interim financial statements together with the related interim MD&A; (d) any applicable segmented financial information referred to in Section 2(c)(iv), below; (e) the content of any news release or other public communication that is disseminated by Granite REIT or Granite GP prior to the filing of the Joint Prospectus and that contains historical financial information about one or both of Granite REIT and Granite GP for a period more recent than the end of the most recent period for which financial statements are required under paragraphs (b) and (c) above; (f) any material change report of Granite REIT or Granite GP, other than a confidential material change report, filed by Granite REIT under Part 7 of National Instrument 51-102 -- Continuous Disclosure Obligations (NI 51-102) or by Granite GP in accordance with the Varied Decision Document since the end of the financial year in respect of which Granite REIT's Current AIF is filed; (g) any business acquisition report filed by Granite REIT or Granite GP under Part 8 of NI 51-102 and in accordance with the Varied Decision Document for acquisitions completed since the beginning of the financial year in respect of which Granite REIT's Current AIF is filed, unless: (i) the business acquisition report is incorporated by reference in an AIF that is itself incorporated by reference in the Joint Prospectus; or (ii) at least nine months of the relevant business operations are reflected in annual financial statements that are incorporated by reference in the Joint Prospectus; (h) any information circular filed by Granite REIT under Part 9 of NI 51-102, or by Granite GP in accordance with the Varied Decision Document, since the beginning of the financial year in respect of which Granite REIT's Current AIF is filed, other than an information circular prepared in connection with an annual general meeting of either Granite REIT or Granite GP if it has filed and incorporated by reference in the Joint Prospectus an information circular for a later annual general meeting; and (i) any other disclosure document which Granite REIT or Granite GP has filed pursuant to an undertaking to a provincial and territorial securities regulatory authority, or pursuant to an exemption from any requirement of securities legislation of a Canadian jurisdiction, since the beginning of the financial year in respect of which Granite REIT's Current AIF is filed. 1. The Decision Maker is satisfied that the decision meets the test set out in the Legislation for the Decision Maker to make the decision. 2. The decision of the Decision Maker under the Legislation is that the Exemption Sought is granted, provided that: (a) each Granite GP Common Share is stapled to a Granite REIT Unit and they trade together as a Stapled Unit; (b) each Stapled Unit is listed and posted for trading on a short form eligible exchange, as defined in NI 44-101; (c) Granite REIT and Granite GP continue to satisfy the conditions set out in paragraph (a) of section 2 of the Varied Decision Document (with item (vi) varied as set forth below), namely: (i) Granite REIT and Granite GP continue to satisfy the conditions set out in paragraph (b) of section 2 of the Varied Decision Document, as reproduced in paragraph (d), below; (ii) Granite REIT files, under its profile on the System for Electronic Document Analysis and Retrieval (SEDAR), one set of Combined Financial Statements using the accounting principles applicable to Granite REIT and Granite GP pursuant to the securities legislation of the Jurisdiction (Applicable Accounting Principles) to reflect the financial position and results of Granite REIT and Granite GP on a combined basis; (iii) any Combined Financial Statements filed by Granite REIT include the components specified in sections 4.1(1) of 51-102 (for annual financial reporting periods) and 4.3(2) of NI 51-102 (for interim financial reporting periods); (iv) the Combined Financial Statements filed by Granite REIT provide in the notes thereto segmented financial information for each of Granite GP and Granite REIT if and to the extent required under Applicable Accounting Principles; (v) the annual Combined Financial Statements filed by Granite REIT are audited; (vi) prior to filing its unaudited Combined Financial Statements for each interim period Granite REIT and its auditor have concluded that the preparation of Combined Financial Statements is acceptable under Applicable Accounting Principles; (vii) the Combined Financial Statements filed by Granite REIT are accompanied by the fee, if any, applicable to filings of annual financial statements; (viii) the MD&A of Granite REIT is prepared with reference to the Combined Financial Statements; (ix) Granite GP files a notice under its SEDAR profile indicating that it is relying on the financial statements and related MD&A filed by Granite REIT and directing readers to refer to Granite REIT's SEDAR profile; (x) Granite REIT and Granite GP continue to satisfy the requirements set out in National Instrument 52-110 -- Audit Committees; (xi) the audit committee of Granite REIT and Granite GP is responsible for: (A) overseeing the work of the external auditors engaged for the purposes of auditing the Combined Financial Statements under Applicable Accounting Principles; and (B) resolving disputes between the external auditors and management of both Granite REIT and Granite GP regarding financial reporting; and (xii) Granite REIT continues to satisfy the requirements of section 4.6 of NI 51-102, except that for each financial reporting period in respect of which Combined Financial Statements are prepared, Granite REIT shall only be required to send to holders of Granite REIT Units copies of the Combined Financial Statements and related MD&A; (d) Granite REIT and Granite GP continue to satisfy the conditions set out in paragraph (b) of section 2 of the Varied Decision Document, namely: (i) Granite REIT is a reporting issuer in a designated Canadian jurisdiction (as defined in section 13.4 of NI 51-102), complies with NI 51-102 or the conditions of any exemptions therefrom and is an electronic filer under National Instrument 13-101 System for Electronic Document Analysis and Retrieval (SEDAR) that has filed all documents it is required to file under NI 51-102 or under the conditions of any exemptions therefrom; (ii) Granite GP does not issue, and has no outstanding, securities other than (A) the Granite GP Common Shares, (B) subscription receipts, warrants, rights or other securities that are convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for Granite GP Common Shares that will form Stapled Units, (C) debt securities that are stapled to debt securities of Granite REIT, (D) securities issued to or held by directors, trustees, officers, employees or consultants (or former directors, trustees, officers, employees or consultants) of Granite GP, Granite REIT or a related entity (as defined under National Instrument 45-106 -- Prospectus Exemptions (NI 45-106)) or a permitted assign (as defined under NI 45-106), including options, rights or other securities under equity compensation plans that are convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for Granite GP Common Shares and/or Granite REIT Units that will form Stapled Units, and (E) the securities listed in sections 13.4(2)(c)(iii) and (iv) of NI 51-102; (iii) an AIF, management information circular or statement of executive compensation filed by Granite REIT contains all information that would be required in an AIF, management information circular or statement of executive compensation, as applicable, filed by Granite GP for the same reporting period; (iv) Granite GP files a notice under its SEDAR profile indicating that it is relying on the AIF, management information circular, material change reports and statements of executive compensation (if applicable) filed by Granite REIT and directing readers to refer to Granite REIT's SEDAR profile; (v) Granite GP issues a news release and files a material change report in accordance with Part 7 of NI 51-102 for all material changes in respect of the affairs of Granite GP that is not also a material change in the affairs of Granite REIT; (vi) Granite REIT continues to satisfy the requirements set out in National Instrument 58-101 -- Disclosure of Corporate Governance Practices; (vii) each Granite GP Common Share is stapled to a Granite REIT Unit and they trade together as a Stapled Unit; and (viii) if the Granite GP Common Shares and the Granite REIT Units become unstapled and trade separately, Granite GP will comply with the requirements of sections 9.1(1) and 9.1(2)(a) of NI 51-102 in respect of any meeting for which it gives notice to any registered holder of securities of Granite GP; (e) each Joint Prospectus filed by Granite REIT and Granite GP incorporates by reference any applicable documents listed in paragraph 14, above; and (f) if the Granite GP Common Shares and the Granite REIT Units become unstapled and trade separately, neither Granite REIT nor Granite GP will thereafter continue to use any base shelf prospectus that was filed while the Stapled Structure was in place to distribute securities (if a receipt for such a base shelf prospectus is determined to be still effective based on section 2.2(3)(b) of NI 44-102). DATED this 6th day of June, 2019 Brandes Investment Partners & Co. NP 11-203 Process for Exemptive Relief Applications in Multiple Jurisdictions -- Exemption from subsection 5.1(a) of NI 81-105 to allow an investment fund manager to pay to a participating dealer direct costs incurred by the participating dealer relating to a sales communication, investor conference or investor seminar prepared or presented by the participating dealer which has a primary purpose of providing educational information on financial planning matters. National Instrument 81-105 Mutual Fund Sales Practices, ss. 5.1(a) and 9.1. IN THE MATTER OF THE SECURITIES LEGISLATION OF ONTARIO (the Jurisdiction) AND IN THE MATTER OF THE PROCESS FOR EXEMPTIVE RELIEF APPLICATIONS IN MULTIPLE JURISDICTIONS AND IN THE MATTER OF BRANDES INVESTMENT PARTNERS & CO. (the Filer) The principal regulator in the Jurisdiction has received an application from the Filer for a decision under the securities legislation of the Jurisdiction (the Legislation) for relief from subsection 5.1(a) of National Instrument 81-105 Mutual Fund Sales Practices (NI 81-105) to permit the Filer to pay to a participating dealer direct costs incurred by the participating dealer relating to a sales communication, investor conference or investor seminar prepared or presented by the participating dealer (collectively, Cooperative Marketing Initiatives and each, a Cooperative Marketing Initiative) if the primary purpose of the Cooperative Marketing Initiative is to promote or provide educational information concerning investing in securities and investment, retirement and tax and estate planning (collectively, Financial Planning) matters (the Exemption Sought). Terms defined in National Instrument 14-101 Definitions, MI 11-102 or NI 81-105 have the same meaning if used in this decision, unless otherwise defined. 1. The Filer is a corporation incorporated under the laws of Nova Scotia with its head office based in Toronto, Ontario. 2. The Filer is registered as an investment fund manager in Newfoundland and Labrador, Ontario and Quebec and a portfolio manager and exempt market dealer in each of the Jurisdictions. 3. The Filer acts and may in the future act as investment fund manager in respect of various mutual funds governed by National Instrument 81-102 Investment Funds (each a Fund and collectively the Funds), the securities of which are, or will be, qualified for distribution to investors in each of the Jurisdictions pursuant to one or more simplified prospectuses. 4. Securities of the Funds are or will be, distributed by participating dealers in the Jurisdictions. 5. The Filer is a "member of the organization" (as that term is defined in NI 81-105) of the Funds, as the Filer is the manager of the Funds. 6. The Filer complies with NI 81-105, including Part 5 of NI 81-105, in respect of its marketing and educational practices. 7. The Filer is not in default of securities legislation in any of the Jurisdictions. 8. Under subsection 5.1(a) of NI 81-105, the Filer is permitted to pay direct costs incurred by a participating dealer where the purpose of the Cooperative Marketing Initiative is to promote or provide educational information about the Funds, the mutual fund family of which the Funds are members, or mutual funds generally. 9. Subsection 5.1(a) of NI 81-105 prohibits the Filer from paying direct costs incurred by a participating dealer relating to a Cooperative Marketing Initiative where the primary purpose is to provide educational information about Financial Planning matters. Consequently, the Filer is not permitted to sponsor the cost of sales communications, investor seminars or investor conferences prepared or presented by participating dealers where the main topics discussed include investment planning, retirement planning, tax planning and estate planning, each of which are aspects of Financial Planning. 10. The Filer has expertise in Financial Planning or may retain others with such expertise from time to time. 11. In addition to the topics currently permitted under subsection 5.1(a) of NI 81-105, the Filer wishes to sponsor Cooperative Marketing Initiatives where the primary purpose of the Cooperative Marketing Initiatives is to provide educational information concerning Financial Planning matters. The Filer will comply with subsections 5.1(b) to (e) of NI 81-105 in respect of such Cooperative Marketing Initiatives it sponsors. 12. Mutual funds typically form only a portion of an investor's portfolio and should be considered in the broader context of the investor's Financial Planning. Allowing the Filer to sponsor Cooperative Marketing Initiatives on Financial Planning matters may benefit investors as it may facilitate and potentially increase investors' access to educational information on such matters, which may in turn better equip them to make financial decisions that involve mutual funds. 13. Under sections 5.2 and 5.5 of NI 81-105, the Filer is permitted to sponsor the costs incurred by participating dealers in attending or organizing and presenting at conferences where the primary purpose is the provision of educational information on, among other things, financial planning. 14. Specifically, under subsection 5.2(a) of NI-81-105, the Filer is permitted to provide a non-monetary benefit to a representative of a participating dealer by allowing him or her to attend a conference or seminar organized and presented by the Filer where the primary purpose is the provision of educational information about, among other things, financial planning, investing in securities or mutual fund industry matters. 15. Similarly, under subsection 5.5(a) of NI 81-105, the Filer is permitted to pay to a participating dealer part of the direct costs the participating dealer incurs in organizing or presenting at a conference or seminar that is not an investor conference or investor seminar referred to in section 5.1 of NI 81-105, where the primary purpose is the provision of educational information about, among other things, financial planning, investing in securities or mutual fund industry matters. 16. The Filer will not require participating dealers to sell any of its Funds or other financial products to investors as a condition of the Filer's sponsorship of a Cooperative Marketing Initiative. 17. The Filer will pay for its sponsorship of Cooperative Marketing Initiatives out of their normal sources of revenue. Accordingly, the sponsorship cost will not be borne by the Funds. The decision of the principal regulator under the Legislation is that the Exemption Sought is granted, provided that in respect of a Cooperative Marketing Initiative whose primary purpose is to provide educational information concerning Financial Planning matters: (a) the Filer otherwise complies with the requirements of subsections 5.1(b) through (e) of NI 81-105; (b) the Filer does not require any participating dealer to sell any of its Funds or other financial products to investors; (c) other than as permitted by NI 81-105, the Filer does not provide participating dealers and their representatives with any financial or other incentives for recommending any of its Funds to investors; (d) the materials presented in a Cooperative Marketing Initiative concerning Financial Planning matters contain only general educational information about such matters; (e) the Filer prepares or approves the content of the general educational information about Financial Planning matters, presented in a Cooperative Marketing Initiative it sponsors and selects or approves an appropriately-qualified speaker for each presentation about such matters delivered in a Cooperative Marketing Initiative; (f) any general educational information about Financial Planning matters, presented in a Cooperative Marketing Initiative contains an express statement that the content presented is for information purposes only, and is not providing advice to the attendees of the investor conference or investor seminar or the recipients of the sales communication, as applicable; and (g) any general educational information about Financial Planning matters, presented in a Cooperative Marketing Initiative contains an indication of the types of professionals who may generally be qualified to provide advice on the subject matter of the information presented. "M. Cecilia Williams" Application for a ruling pursuant to section 74 of the Securities Act granting relief from the dealer registration requirement in section 25 of the OSA to allow the Filer, an investment dealer and member of the Investment Industry Regulatory Organization of Canada (IIROC), to use employees of a Designated Foreign Affiliate of the Filer for "after-hours trading" in securities on the Bourse de Montréal Inc. -- Relief granted, subject to terms and conditions. Securities Act, R.S.O. 1990, c. S.5, as am., ss. 25(1) and 74(1). Instruments Cited Multilateral Instrument 11-102 Passport System, s. 4.7. IN THE MATTER OF THE SECURITIES LEGISLATION OF ONTARIO (the Legislation) AND IN THE MATTER OF THE PROCESS FOR EXEMPTIVE RELIEF APPLICATIONS IN MULTIPLE JURISDICTIONS AND IN THE MATTER OF TD SECURITIES INC. (the Filer) The principal regulator in the Jurisdiction has received an application from the Filer for a decision under the securities legislation of the Jurisdiction (the Legislation) exempting the Designated Foreign Affiliate Employees (as defined below) of the Filer, when conducting Extended Hours Activities (as defined below) on the Bourse de Montréal Inc. (the MX), from the dealer registration requirement in the Legislation (the dealer registration requirement), subject to the terms and conditions set out below (the Exemption Sought). (b) the Filer has provided notice that subsection 4.7(1) of Multilateral Instrument 11-102 Passport System (Ml 11-102) is intended to be relied upon by the Filer in each of the provinces of Canada other than Québec. Terms defined in Ml 11-102 or National Instrument 14-101 Definitions have the same meaning if used in this decision unless otherwise defined herein. This decision is based upon the following facts represented by the Filer: 1. The Filer is a corporation formed under the laws of Ontario. The head office of the Filer is located in Toronto, Ontario. 2. The Filer is registered as an investment dealer under the securities legislation of all the provinces and territories of Canada; is registered as a futures commission merchant under the commodity futures legislation of Ontario and Manitoba; and is registered as a derivatives dealer under the derivatives legislation of Québec. 3. The Filer is a member of the Investment Industry Regulatory Organization of Canada (IIROC) and an approved participant of the MX. 4. The Filer is not in default of securities, derivatives or commodity futures legislation in any jurisdiction of Canada. 5. TD Securities Limited (TDSL) is a corporation incorporated under the laws of England and Wales. The head office of TDSL is located in London, United Kingdom. 6. The Filer and TDSL are each wholly-owned subsidiaries of the same ultimate parent entity, The Toronto-Dominion Bank. 7. TDSL is a United Kingdom-based financial service provider that carries on business in the United Kingdom, and is authorised and regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority. 8. The Filer wishes to make use of certain designated employees of TDSL certified under applicable laws of the United Kingdom in a category that permits trading the types of products which they would be trading on the MX (Designated Foreign Affiliate Employees) to handle trading requests on the MX from the Filer's clients and the Filer on a proprietary basis during the MX's extended trading hours from 2:00 a.m. Eastern time (ET) to 6:00 a.m. ET each day on which the MX is open for trading (the Extended Hours Activities). The MX Extended Trading Hours Amendments 9. The MX, based in Montréal, Québec, operates an exchange for options, commodity futures contracts and commodity futures options, and offers access to trading in those to market participants in Canada. 10. On July 9, 2018, the MX announced that the MX had approved amendments to its rules and procedures in order to accommodate the extension of the MX's trading hours. As a result of these amendments, since October 9, 2018, trading of certain products on the MX now commences at 2:00 a.m. ET rather than the previous 6:00 a.m. ET. 11. As set out in MX Circular 111-18, in order to accommodate this earlier trading, the MX amended its rules to allow participants on the MX to have employees of affiliated corporations, including foreign affiliates, become an approved person of the MX participant and thus be able to handle trading requests originating from the MX participant's clients or the MX participant on a proprietary basis. Application of the dealer registration requirement to Designated Foreign Affiliate Employees 12. The Filer is an MX approved participant and TDSL is an affiliate of the Filer. The Filer wishes to make use of the Designated Foreign Affiliate Employees to conduct the Extended Hours Activities. 13. The dealer registration requirement under the Legislation requires an individual to be registered to act as a dealing representative on behalf of a registered firm. The Exemption Sought is intended to provide the Filer with an exemption from (i) the requirement that the Filer use only registered dealing representatives to conduct the Extended Hours Activities; and (ii) the requirement that the Designated Foreign Affiliate Employees who will be conducting the Extended Hours Activities be registered as dealing representatives of the Filer. 14. The Filer seeks an exemption from the dealer registration requirement because, in the absence of such exemption, each Designated Foreign Affiliate Employee who was to trade on behalf of the Filer would be required to become individually registered and licensed in Canada. The Filer believes this is duplicative since the Designated Foreign Affiliate Employees are certified under applicable United Kingdom law and will be supervised by the Filer's Designated Supervisors (as defined below) and are otherwise subject to the conditions set forth below. The Filer believes the dealer registration requirement is unduly onerous in light of the limited trading activities the Designated Foreign Affiliate Employees will be conducting and only during the period from 2:00 a.m. ET to 6:00 a.m. ET. 15. The Filer has also applied to, and obtained from, IIROC an exemption from the registered representative requirements that are found in IIROC Dealer Member Rules 18.2 and 500 and the requirement to enter into an employee or agent relationship with the person conducting securities related business on its behalf that is found in IIROC Dealer Member Rule 39.3 (the IIROC Relief). 16. The IIROC Relief obtained by the Filer is subject to certain conditions, including: (a) The Designated Foreign Affiliate Employees must be registered/licensed and subject to equivalent regulatory supervision in the United Kingdom. (b) The Designated Foreign Affiliate Employees may only accept and enter orders from clients of the Filer or orders from the Filer on a proprietary basis during the period from 2:00 a.m. ET to 6:00 a.m. ET, and are not permitted to provide advice. (c) The actions of the Designated Foreign Affiliate Employees must be supervised by Canadian based registered Supervisors qualified to supervise the relevant trading (including futures contracts, futures contract options and options) (the Designated Supervisors). (d) The Filer must establish and maintain written policies and procedures that address the performance and supervision requirements relating to this extended trading hours arrangement. (e) The Filer and TDSL must jointly and severally undertake to ensure IIROC has, upon request, prompt access to the audit trail of all trades, wherever located, that relate to Extended Hours Activities at TDSL, and records evidencing the supervision of such activities. (f) The Filer retains all responsibilities for its client accounts. (g) The Filer and each Designated Foreign Affiliate Employee must enter into an agency arrangement pursuant to which the Filer would assume all responsibility for the actions of the Designated Foreign Affiliate Employee and of TDSL that relate to the Filer's clients and the Filer would be liable under IIROC rules for such actions. (h) All MX trading rules apply to orders entered by the Designated Foreign Affiliate Employees. (i) All other existing Canadian regulatory requirements continue to apply, including: (i) the Filer's client accounts would continue to be carried on the books of the Filer; (ii) all communications with the Filer's clients will continue to be in the name of the Filer; and (iii) the Filer's client account monies, security and property will continue to be held by the Filer. (j) The Filer must disclose this extended trading hours arrangement to its clients and provide specific instructions concerning the placement of orders relating to the extended trading hours arrangement. (k) The Filer must provide, in writing to IIROC, the names of the foreign affiliate(s) and all Designated Foreign Affiliate Employees authorised to accept and enter orders from the Filer's clients on behalf of the Filer under the extended trading hours arrangement. Such individuals are subject to IIROC's "fit and proper" review and IIROC Registration staff may refuse their participation in this extended trading hours arrangement. (l) The Filer must provide, in writing to IIROC, timely updates to the list of Designated Foreign Affiliate Employees, and confirm any changes on at least an annual basis. The decision of the principal regulator under the Legislation is that the Exemption Sought is granted so long as: (a) TDSL and the Designated Foreign Affiliate Employees are registered, licensed, certified or authorized under the applicable laws of the foreign jurisdiction in which the head office or principal place of business of TDSL is located in a category that permits trading the type of products which the Designated Foreign Affiliate Employees will be trading on the MX; (b) the Designated Foreign Affiliate Employees are permitted to accept and enter orders from clients of the Filer or orders from the Filer on a proprietary basis during the period from 2:00 a.m. ET to 6:00 a.m. ET, and will not be permitted to give advice; (c) the Filer retains all responsibilities for its client accounts; (d) the actions of the Designated Foreign Affiliate Employees will be supervised by the Designated Supervisors, each of whom is qualified to supervise trading in futures contracts, futures contract options and options; (e) the Filer and the Designated Foreign Affiliate Employees enter into an agency arrangement substantially as described in paragraph 16(g), and such agreement remains in effect; and (f) the Filer remains in compliance with the terms and conditions of the IIROC Relief. "Garnet W. Fenn" "Lawrence P. Haber" TMX Group Limited et al. -- ss. 21, 144 Subsection 144(1) of the Securities Act (Ontario) -- application for order varying the Commission's order recognizing TMX Group Limited, TSX Inc. and Alpha Exchange Inc. as exchanges -- variations required to reflect the reorganization of certain entities affiliated with TMX Group Limited, TSX Inc., and Alpha Exchange Inc. -- requested orders granted. Securities Act, R.S.O. 1990, c. S.5, as am., ss. 21, 144(1). IN THE MATTER OF THE SECURITIES ACT, R.S.O. 1990, CHAPTER S.5, AS AMENDED (Act) AND IN THE MATTER OF TMX GROUP LIMITED AND TSX INC. AND ALPHA EXCHANGE INC. AND IN THE MATTER OF ALBERTA INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT CORPORATION, CAISSE DE DÉPÔT ET PLACEMENT DU QUÉBEC, CANADA PENSION PLAN INVESTMENT BOARD, CIBC WORLD MARKETS INC., DESJARDINS FINANCIAL CORPORATION, FONDS DE SOLIDARITÉ DES TRAVAILLEURS DU QUÉBEC (F.T.Q.), THE MANUFACTURERS LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY, NATIONAL BANK FINANCIAL INC., NATIONAL BANK GROUP INC., ONTARIO TEACHERS' PENSION PLAN BOARD, SCOTIA CAPITAL INC., TD SECURITIES INC., AND 1802146 ONTARIO LIMITED ORDER (Sections 21 and 144 of the Act) WHEREAS the Ontario Securities Commission (Commission) issued an order dated July 4, 2012, which was varied on April 24, 2015, September 29, 2015, June 22, 2018, and February 8, 2019, recognizing each of Maple Group Acquisition Corporation (now TMX Group Limited), TMX Group Inc., TSX Inc., Alpha Trading Systems Limited Partnership, and Alpha Exchange Inc. as exchanges pursuant to section 21 of the Act (Exchange Recognition Order); AND WHEREAS at the time the Commission issued the Exchange Recognition Order, the Alberta Investment Management Corporation, Caisse de dépôt et placement du Québec, Canada Pension Plan Investment Board, CIBC World Markets Inc., Desjardins Financial Corporation, Dundee Capital Markets Inc., Fonds de solidarité des travailleurs du Québec (F.T.Q.), The Manufacturers Life Insurance Company, National Bank Financial & Co. Inc., Ontario Teachers' Pension Plan Board, Scotia Capital Inc., and TD Securities Inc. (collectively, the original Maple shareholders) were the investors in Maple Group Acquisition Corporation, either directly or, in the case of the Alberta Investment Management Corporation (AIMCo), through AIMCo Maple 1 Inc. and AIMCo Maple 2 Inc.; AND WHEREAS the Commission considers the proper operation of the exchanges as essential to investor protection and maintaining a fair and efficient capital market, and therefore requires that any conflicts of interest in the operation of the exchanges be dealt with appropriately, the fairness and efficiency of the market not be impaired by any anti-competitive activity, and that systemic risks are monitored and controlled; AND WHEREAS TMX Group Limited (TMX Group), TSX Inc. (TSX), Alpha Exchange Inc. (Alpha Exchange), and the original Maple shareholders have agreed to the applicable terms and conditions set out in Schedules 2 to 9 to the Exchange Recognition Order; AND WHEREAS TMX Group provided to Commission Staff a letter, dated June 28, 2012, regarding TMX Group's undertakings to the Autorité des marchés financiers, which is attached to the Exchange Recognition Order at Appendix C; AND WHEREAS, effective December 13, 2017, TMX Group completed an internal reorganization whereby TMX Group Limited, TMX Group Inc., and certain other affiliated entities amalgamated, with the resulting entity named TMX Group Limited; AND WHEREAS, effective November 1, 2018, TMX Group reorganized Alpha Exchange, Alpha Trading Systems Limited Partnership, Alpha Trading Systems Inc. and Alpha Market Services Inc., winding up and amalgamating certain entities with Alpha Exchange (Alpha Reorganization); AND WHEREAS the Commission has received an application under section 144 of the Act to vary and restate the Exchange Recognition Order to reflect the Alpha Reorganization (Application); AND WHEREAS based on the Application and the representations that TMX Group, TSX and Alpha Exchange have made to the Commission, the Commission has determined that: (a) TMX Group, TSX, and Alpha Exchange continue to satisfy the recognition criteria set out in Schedule 1 to the Exchange Recognition Order, (b) it is in the public interest to continue to recognize each of TMX Group, TSX, and Alpha Exchange as an exchange pursuant to section 21 of the Act, and (c) it is not prejudicial to the public interest to vary and restate the Exchange Recognition Order pursuant to section 144 of the Act; IT IS ORDERED, pursuant to section 144 of the Act, that the Application to vary and restate the Exchange Recognition Order is granted. IT IS ORDERED, pursuant to section 21 of the Act, that: (a) TMX Group continues to be recognized as an exchange, (b) TSX continues to be recognized as an exchange, and (c) Alpha Exchange continues to be recognized as an exchange, provided that TMX Group, TSX, Alpha Exchange, and the original Maple shareholders, as defined in Schedule 2 to the Exchange Recognition Order, comply with the terms and conditions set out in Schedules 2, 3, 5, 7, and 9 to the Exchange Recognition Order, as applicable. DATED THIS 31st day of May 2019. CRITERIA FOR RECOGNITION PART 1 COMPLIANCE WITH NI 21-101 AND NI 23-101 1.1 Compliance with NI 21-101 and NI 23-101 The exchange complies with the requirements set out in National Instrument 21-101 Marketplace Operation (NI 21-101) and in National Instrument 23-101 Trading Rules, each as amended from time to time, which include requirements relating to: (a) access; (b) marketplace operations; (c) exchange rules, policies and other similar instruments; (d) order and trade transparency; (e) transparency of marketplace operations; (f) record keeping; (g) marketplace systemsand business continuity planning; (h) confidentiality of information; (i) outsourcing; (j) clearing and settlement; (k) fair and orderly markets; (l) the management of conflicts of interest; and (m) filing of financial statements. (a) effective oversight of the exchange; (b) that business and regulatory decisions are in keeping with the exchange's public interest mandate; (ii) a proper balance among the interests of the different persons or companies using the services and facilities of the exchange; (d) the exchange has policies and procedures to appropriately identify and manage conflicts of interest; and The exchange has policies and procedures under which it will take reasonable steps, and has taken such reasonable steps, to ensure that each director and officer is a fit and proper person. (a) The exchange has established appropriate written standards for access to its services including requirements to ensure participants are appropriately registered under Ontario securities laws, or exempted from these requirements. PART 4 REGULATION OF PARTICIPANTS AND ISSUERS ON THE EXCHANGE The exchange has the authority, resources, capabilities, systems and processes to allow it to perform its regulation functions, whether directly or indirectly through a regulation services provider, including setting requirements governing the conduct of participants and issuers, monitoring their conduct, and appropriately disciplining them for violations of exchange requirements. PART 5 RULES AND RULEMAKING 5.1 Rules and Rulemaking (a) The exchange has rules, policies, and other similar instruments (Rules) that are designed to appropriately govern and regulate the operations and activities of participants and issuers. (b) In addition to meeting the requirements of NI 21-101 relating to market operations and exchange rules, policies and other similar instruments as referred to in paragraphs 1.1(b) and (c) of this Schedule, respectively, the Rules are also designed to (i) ensure a fair and orderly market; and (ii) provide a framework for disciplinary and enforcement actions. For any decision made by the exchange that affects a participant or issuer, or an applicant to be a participant or issuer, including a decision in relation to access, listing, exemptions, or discipline, the exchange ensures that: (b) it keeps a record of, gives reasons for and provides for appeals or reviews of its decisions. 7.1 Clearing and Settlement The exchange has appropriate arrangements for the clearing and settlement of trades. The exchange has appropriate risk management procedures in place including those that handle trading errors, trading halts and circuit breakers. PART 9 FINANCIAL VIABILITY 9.1 Financial Viability (a) All fees imposed by the exchange are reasonable and equitably allocated and are consistent with the requirements in Ontario securities laws, including those listed in paragraphs 1.1(a) and (e) of this Schedule. PART 11 INFORMATION SHARING AND REGULATORY COOPERATION The exchange has mechanisms in place to enable it to share information and otherwise co-operate with the Commission, recognized self-regulatory organizations, other recognized or exempt exchanges, clearing agencies, investor protection funds, and other appropriate regulatory bodies. TERMS AND CONDITIONS APPLICABLE TO TMX GROUP LIMITED, TSX INC., AND ALPHA EXCHANGE (a) For the purposes of this Schedule: "accounting principles" means accounting principles as defined in National Instrument 52-107 Acceptable Accounting Principles and Auditing Standards; "affiliated entity" has the meaning ascribed to it in section 1.3 of NI 21-101, except that in the case of AIMCo "affiliated entity" means an AIMCo Affiliate; "AIMCo" means the Alberta Investment Management Corporation; "AIMCo Affiliate" means each AIMCo Client, any person directly or indirectly controlled by one or more AIMCo Clients, any investment pool managed by AIMCo, and any affiliated entity of any of the foregoing, in each case to the extent that, but only to the extent that, their respective assets are managed by AIMCo; "AIMCo Clients" means Her Majesty the Queen in right of Alberta and certain Alberta public sector pension plans, in each case to the extent that, but only to the extent that, their respective assets are managed by AIMCo; "Alpha Member" means a person or company that has been permitted to access the trading facilities of Alpha Exchange and is subject to regulatory oversight by Alpha Exchange, and the person's or company's representatives; "associate" has the meaning ascribed to it in subsection 1(1) of the Act; "ATS" means an alternative trading system as defined in subsection 1(1) of the Act; "audited consolidated financial statements" means financial statements that (i) are prepared in accordance with Canadian GAAP applicable to publicly accountable enterprises, including that they adhere to the standards specified for consolidated financial statements in International Accounting Standard 27 Consolidated and Separate Financial Statements, (ii) include notes to the financial statements that identify the accounting principles used to prepare the financial statements, and (iii) are audited in accordance with Canadian GAAS and are accompanied by an auditor's report; "Board" means the board of directors; "criteria for recognition" means all of the criteria for recognition set out in Schedule 1 to the Exchange Recognition Order; "dealer" means "investment dealer" as that term is defined in section 1.1 of National Instrument 31-103 Registration Requirements; "dealer affiliate" means Desjardins Securities Inc. and Manulife Securities Incorporated; "Governance Committee" means the governance committee established by TMX Group pursuant to section 19 of Schedule 3 to the Exchange Recognition Order; "IIROC" means the Investment Industry Regulatory Organization of Canada; "Maple nomination agreement" means a nomination agreement provided for under Section 12(h) of the Amended and Restated Acquisition Governance Agreement of June 10, 2011 of Maple, as amended; "marketplace" has the meaning ascribed to it in subsection 1(1) of the Act; "marketplace participant" has the meaning ascribed to it in section 1.1 of NI 21-101; "NI 21-101" means National Instrument 21-101 Marketplace Operation; "officer" has the meaning ascribed to it in subsection 1(1) of the Act; "original Maple shareholder" means each of AIMCo, Caisse de dépôt et placement du Québec, Canada Pension Plan Investment Board, CIBC World Markets Inc., Desjardins Financial Corporation, Fonds de solidarité des travailleurs du Québec (F.T.Q.), The Manufacturers Life Insurance Company, National Bank Group Inc., National Bank Financial Inc., Ontario Teachers' Pension Plan Board, Scotia Capital Inc., TD Securities Inc. and 1802146 Ontario Limited; "original significant Maple shareholder" means a shareholder of TMX Group that is both an original Maple shareholder and a significant TMX shareholder; "regulated TMX marketplace" means a TMX marketplace that is regulated by the Commission as a recognized exchange or an ATS; "Regulatory Oversight Committee" means the committee established by TMX Group pursuant to section 20 of Schedule 3 to the Exchange Recognition Order; "Rule" means a rule, policy, or other similar instrument of TSX or Alpha Exchange, as applicable; "significant TMX shareholder" means a person or company that: (i) beneficially owns or exercises control or direction over more than 5% of the outstanding shares of TMX Group provided, however, that the ownership of or control or direction over additional TMX Group shares in connection with the following activities shall not be included for the purposes of determining whether the 5% threshold has been exceeded: (A) investment activities on behalf of the person or company or its affiliated entity where such investments are made (I) by a bona fide third party investment manager with discretionary authority (subject to such retained discretion in order for the person or company or its affiliated entity to fulfil its fiduciary duties); or (II) by an investment fund or other pooled investment vehicle in which the person or company or such affiliated entity has directly or indirectly invested and which is managed by a third party who has not been provided with confidential, undisclosed information about TMX Group, (B) acting as a custodian for securities in the ordinary course, (C) normal course trading (including proprietary client facilitation trading) and wealth management activities (including, for greater certainty, in connection with the management of any mutual funds, pooled funds, trust accounts, estate portfolios and other investor funds and portfolios), including electronic securities trading, conducted for or on behalf of clients of the person or company, provided that any fund manager with discretionary authority carrying out such activities on behalf of such clients, or such clients, have not been provided with confidential, undisclosed information about TMX Group, (D) the acquisition of TMX Group shares in connection with the adjustment of index-related portfolios or other "basket" related trading, (E) making a market in securities to facilitate trading in shares of TMX Group by third party clients or to provide liquidity to the market in the person or company's capacity as a designated market maker for shares of TMX Group securities, in the person or company's capacity as designated market maker for derivatives on TMX Group shares, or in the person or company's capacity as market maker or "designated broker" for exchange traded funds which may have investments in shares of TMX Group, in each case in the ordinary course, (which, for greater certainty, shall include acquisitions or other derivative transactions undertaken in connection with hedging positions of, or in relation to, TMX Group shares), or (F) providing financial services to any other person or company in the ordinary course of business of its and their banking, securities, wealth and insurance businesses, provided that such other person or company has not been provided with confidential, undisclosed information about TMX Group, and subject to the conditions that the ownership of or control or direction over TMX Group shares by a person or company in connection with the activities listed in (A) through (F) above: (G) is not intended by that person or company to facilitate evasion of the 5% threshold set out in clause (i), and (H) does not provide that person or company the ability to exercise voting rights over more than 5% of the voting shares of TMX Group in a manner that is solely in the interests of that person or company as it relates to that person or company's ownership of or control or direction over the subject shares, except where the ability to exercise voting rights over more than 5% of the voting shares arises as a result of the activities listed in (E) above in which case the person or company shall not exercise its voting rights with respect to those excess voting shares; (ii) is an original Maple shareholder that is a party to a Maple nomination agreement, for as long as its Maple nomination agreement is in effect; or (iii) is an original Maple shareholder (A) whose obligations under Schedule 9 have not terminated pursuant to section 72 thereof and (B) that has a partner, officer, director or employee who is a director on the TMX Group Board other than pursuant to a Maple nomination agreement, for so long as such partner, officer, director or employee remains a member of the TMX Group Board; "TMX clearing agency" means any clearing agency owned or operated by TMX Group or TMX Group's affiliated entities; "TMX dealer" means an original Maple shareholder that is also a dealer; "TMX issuer" means a person or company whose securities are listed on a TMX marketplace; "TMX marketplace" means any marketplace owned or operated by TMX Group or TMX Group's affiliated entities; "TMX marketplace participant" means a marketplace participant of any TMX marketplace; "TMX recognized exchange" means an exchange owned or operated by TMX Group or TMX Group's affiliated entities that is recognized by the Commission as an exchange pursuant to section 21 of the Act; "TMX trading facility" means any trading facility owned or operated by TMX Group or TMX Group's affiliated entities; "TSX Issuer" means a person or company whose securities are listed on TSX; "TSX PO" means a person or company that has been permitted to access the trading facilities of TSX and is subject to regulatory oversight by TSX, and the person's or company's representatives; "unaudited consolidated financial statements" means financial statements that are prepared in the same manner as audited consolidated financial statements, except that they are not audited; and "unaudited non-consolidated financial statements" means financial statements that are prepared in the same manner as audited consolidated financial statements, except that (i) they are not audited; and (ii) investments in subsidiary entities, jointly controlled entities and associates are accounted for as specified for separate financial statements in International Accounting Standard 27 Consolidated and Separate Financial Statements. (b) For the purposes of this Schedule, an individual is independent if the individual is "independent" within the meaning of section 1.4 of National Instrument 52-110 Audit Committees, as amended from time, but is not independent if the individual is: (i) a partner, director, officer or employee, of a TMX marketplace participant or an associate of a partner, director, officer or employee of a TMX marketplace participant, or (ii) a partner, director, officer or employee of an affiliated entity of a TMX marketplace participant, who is responsible for or is actively or significantly engaged in the day-to-day operations or activities of that TMX marketplace participant. (c) For the purposes of this Schedule, an individual is unrelated to original Maple shareholders if the individual: (i) is not a partner, officer or employee of an original Maple shareholder or any of its affiliated entities or an associate of that partner, officer or employee; (ii) is not nominated under a Maple nomination agreement; (iii) is not a director of an original Maple shareholder or any of its affiliated entities or an associate of that director; and (iv) does not have, and has not had, any relationship with an original Maple shareholder that could, in the view of the Governance Committee having regard to all relevant circumstances, be reasonably perceived to interfere with the exercise of his or her independent judgment as a director of the recognized exchange. (d) For the purposes of paragraph (c), the Governance Committee may waive the restrictions set out in sub-paragraph (c)(iii) provided that: (i) the individual being considered does not have, and has not had, any relationship with an original Maple shareholder that could, in the view of the Governance Committee having regard to all relevant circumstances, be reasonably perceived to interfere with the exercise of his or her independent judgment as a director of the recognized exchange; (ii) the recognized exchange publicly discloses the use of the waiver with reasons why the particular candidate was selected; (iii) the recognized exchange provides advance notice to the Commission, at least 15 business days before the public disclosure in sub-paragraph 1(d)(ii) is made; and (iv) the Commission does not object within 15 business days of its receipt of the notice provided under sub-paragraph 1(d)(iii) above. (e) [Deleted] 2. PUBLIC INTEREST RESPONSIBILITIES (a) The recognized exchange shall conduct the business and operations of the recognized exchange in a manner that is consistent with the public interest. (b) The mandate of the Board of the recognized exchange shall expressly include the regulatory and public interest responsibilities of the recognized exchange. (c) [Deleted] 3. CRITERIA FOR RECOGNITION The recognized exchange shall continue to meet the criteria for recognition set out in Schedule 1 to the Exchange Recognition Order. 4. FITNESS The recognized exchange shall take reasonable steps to ensure that each director and officer of the recognized exchange is a fit and proper person. As part of those steps, the recognized exchange shall consider whether the past conduct of each director or officer affords reasonable grounds for the belief that the director or officer will perform his or her duties with integrity and in a manner that is consistent with the public interest responsibilities of the recognized exchange. 5. BOARD OF DIRECTORS (a) The recognized exchange shall ensure that: (i) at least 50% of its Board members are independent directors; and (ii) for as long as any Maple nomination agreement is in effect, at least 50% of its Board members are unrelated to original Maple shareholders. (b) The chair of the Board of the recognized exchange shall be independent and, for so long as any Maple nomination agreement is in effect, unrelated to original Maple shareholders. (c) In the event that the recognized exchange fails to meet the requirements of paragraphs (a) or (b) of this section, it shall immediately advise the Commission and take appropriate measures to promptly remedy such failure. (d) The recognized exchange shall not enter into any nomination agreement with any person or company that is not a party to a Maple nomination agreement as at the effective date of the recognition of TMX Group as an exchange pursuant to this Exchange Recognition Order, without the prior approval of the Commission. (e) The recognized exchange shall ensure that the Board is subject to requirements that the quorum for the Board consists of at least two-thirds of the Board members. 6. REPRESENTATION OF INDEPENDENT DEALERS At least one director of the recognized exchange shall be a representative of a marketplace participant that: (a) is not affiliated with any Canadian Schedule I bank; and (b) for so long as any Maple nomination agreement is in effect, is unrelated to original Maple shareholders. 7. GOVERNANCE REVIEW (a) At the request of the Commission, the recognized exchange shall engage an independent consultant, or independent consultants, acceptable to the Commission to prepare a written report assessing the governance structure of TMX Group and TSX, and shall also include Alpha Exchange if requested by the Commission (Governance Review). (b) The recognized exchange shall provide the written report to its Board promptly after the report's completion and then to the Commission within 30 days of providing it to its Board. (c) The scope of the Governance Review shall be approved by the Commission and shall include, at a minimum, the following: (i) a review of the Board composition, in particular whether the composition of the Board continues to meet the recognition criteria, including the requirement that there be fair, meaningful and diverse representation on the Board and any committees of the Board, including: (A) appropriate representation of independent directors and directors unrelated to original Maple shareholders, and (B) a proper balance among the interests of the different persons or companies using the services and facilities of the recognized exchange; (ii) a review of the impact of the Board composition requirements, including requirements imposed by all securities regulatory authorities, on the recognized exchange's ability to meet the recognition criteria; (iii) a review of the appropriateness and effectiveness of identical Boards for TMX Group, TSX, and Alpha Exchange if applicable; (iv) a review of the degree to which the governance structure of TMX Group, TSX and Alpha Exchange allows for appropriate input into the business and operations of the recognized exchange by users of the recognized exchange's services and facilities; (v) a review of how the Governance Committee actually discharges its mandate and performs its role and functions; and (vi) a review of how the Regulatory Oversight Committee actually discharges its mandate and performs its role and functions, including how conflicts of interest and potential conflicts of interest are actually managed, whether they are managed effectively, if there are any identified deficiencies, what they were and how they were remedied and whether further measures are warranted. (d) The Governance Review shall include an appropriate degree of public consultation, including consultation with users of the recognized exchange's services and facilities. 8. FEES, FEE MODELS AND INCENTIVES (a) The recognized exchange shall not, through any fee schedule, any fee model or any contract, agreement or other arrangement with any marketplace participant or any other person or company, provide: (i) any discount, rebate, allowance, price concession or other similar arrangement that is accessible only to, whether as designed or by implication, a particular marketplace participant or any other particular person or company; or (ii) any discount, rebate, allowance, price concession or other similar arrangement for any service or product offered by the recognized exchange that is conditional upon: (A) the requirement to have a TMX marketplace be set as the default or first marketplace a marketplace participant routes to, or (B) the router of a TMX marketplace being used as the marketplace participant's primary router. (b) Except with the prior approval of the Commission, the recognized exchange shall not, through any fee schedule, any fee model or any contract, agreement or other arrangement with any marketplace participant or any other person or company, provide: (i) any discount, rebate, allowance, price concession or other similar arrangement on any services or products offered by the recognized exchange that is conditional upon the purchase of any other service or product provided by the recognized exchange or any affiliated entity; or (ii) any discount, rebate, allowance, price concession or other similar arrangement that is accessible only to, whether as designed or by implication, a class of marketplace participants or of any other persons or companies. (c) The recognized exchange shall obtain prior Commission approval before implementing any new, or amendments to, fees and fee models, including any new, or amendments to, any incentives relating to arrangements that provide for equity ownership in TMX Group for marketplace participants or their affiliated entities based on trading volumes or values on TMX marketplaces. (d) The recognized exchange shall not require another person or company to purchase or otherwise obtain products or services from any TMX clearing agency as a condition of the recognized exchange supplying or continuing to supply a product or service. (e) Except with the prior approval of the Commission, the recognized exchange shall not require another person or company to purchase or otherwise obtain products or services from the recognized exchange, any TMX marketplace or a significant TMX shareholder as a condition of the recognized exchange supplying or continuing to supply a product or service. (f) At the request of the Commission, the recognized exchange shall: (i) conduct a review, the scope of which shall be approved by the Commission, of the fees and fee models of the recognized exchange and all regulated TMX marketplaces that are related to trading, clearing, settlement, depository, data and any other services specified by the Commission; (ii) include input from relevant stakeholders; and (iii) provide a written report on the outcome of such review to its Board promptly after the report's completion and then to the Commission within 30 days of providing it to its Board. (g) If the Commission considers that it would be in the public interest, the Commission may require a recognized exchange to submit, for approval by the Commission, a fee, fee model or incentive that has previously been filed with and/or approved by the Commission. (h) Where the Commission decides not to approve the fee, fee model or incentive submitted under paragraph (g), any previous approval for the fee, fee model or incentive shall be revoked, if applicable, and the recognized exchange shall no longer be permitted to offer the fee, fee model or incentive. (i) Any fee, fee model or incentive, or amendment thereto, shall be filed in accordance with the Rule and Form 21-101F1 Filing Protocol attached as Schedule 10. 9. ORDER ROUTING The recognized exchange shall not support, encourage or incent, either through fee incentives or otherwise, TMX marketplace participants to coordinate the routing of TMX marketplace participants' orders to a particular TMX marketplace or TMX trading facility. 10. INTEGRATION OF ANY BUSINESS OR CORPORATE FUNCTIONS The recognized exchange shall obtain the prior approval of the Commission before implementing any significant integration, combination or reorganization of any businesses, operations or corporate functions relating to trading, clearing and settlement, including marketplace and clearing agency operations, between the recognized exchange and its affiliated entities. 11. INTERNAL COST ALLOCATION MODEL AND TRANSFER PRICING (a) The recognized exchange shall establish and maintain an internal cost allocation model and policy or policies with respect to the allocation of costs or transfer of prices between the recognized exchange and its affiliated entities. (b) The recognized exchange shall obtain prior Commission approval before making any amendments to the internal cost allocation model and policy or policies established and required to be maintained under paragraph (a). (c) The recognized exchange shall annually engage an independent auditor to conduct an audit and prepare a written report in accordance with established audit standards regarding compliance by the recognized exchange and its affiliated entities with the approved internal cost allocation model and transfer pricing policies. (d) The recognized exchange shall provide the written report of the independent auditor to its Board promptly after the report's completion and then to the Commission within 30 days of providing it to its Board. (e) The costs or expenses borne by the recognized exchange, and indirectly by the users of the recognized exchange's services, for each of the services provided by the recognized exchange, shall not include any costs or expenses incurred by the recognized exchange in connection with any activity carried on by the recognized exchange that is not related to that service. 12. CLEARING AND SETTLEMENT The recognized exchange shall not establish requirements relating to clearing and settlement of trades that would result in: (a) unfair discrimination of or between market participants based on the clearing agency used; or (b) an imposition of any burden on competition among clearing agencies or back-office or post-trade service providers that is not reasonably necessary or appropriate; or (c) an unreasonable prohibition, condition or limitation relating to access by a person or company to services offered by the recognized exchange or a TMX clearing agency. 13. FINANCIAL REPORTING (a) Within 90 days of its financial year end, the recognized exchange shall deliver to the Commission audited consolidated financial statements and unaudited non-consolidated financial statements without notes for its latest financial year. (b) Within 45 days of each quarter end, the recognized exchange shall deliver to the Commission unaudited consolidated financial statements and unaudited non-consolidated financial statements without notes for its latest financial quarter. (c) Shorter time periods shall apply in paragraphs (a) and (b) above to TMX Group, if mandated for reporting issuers under applicable securities laws. (d) The recognized exchange shall deliver to the Commission its annual financial budget, together with the underlying assumptions, that has been approved by its Board, within 30 days after the commencement of each fiscal year. 14. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION The recognized exchange shall provide the Commission with the information set out in Appendix A to this Schedule 2, as amended from time to time. 15. PROVISION OF INFORMATION (a) The recognized exchange shall, and shall cause its affiliated entities to, promptly provide the Commission, on request, any and all data, information and analyses in the custody or control of the recognized exchange or any of its affiliated entities, without limitations, redactions, restrictions or conditions, including, without limiting the generality of the foregoing: (i) data, information and analyses relating to all of its or their businesses; and (ii) data, information and analyses of third parties in its or their custody or control. (b) The recognized exchange shall share information and otherwise cooperate with other recognized or exempt exchanges, recognized self-regulatory organizations, other recognized or exempt clearing agencies, investor protection funds, and other appropriate regulatory bodies. (c) The disclosure or sharing of information by the recognized exchange or any affiliated entities pursuant to the Schedules to the Exchange Recognition Order is subject to any confidentiality provisions contained in agreements entered into with the Bank of Canada pertaining to information received from the Bank of Canada in its role as registrar, issuing agent, transfer agent or paying agent for the Government of Canada. 16. COMPLIANCE WITH TERMS AND CONDITIONS (a) The recognized exchange shall certify in writing to the Commission, in a certificate signed by its CEO and general counsel, within one year of the effective date of the recognition of the recognized exchange as an exchange pursuant to this Exchange Recognition Order and every year subsequent to that date, or at other times required by the Commission, that the recognized exchange is in compliance with the terms and conditions applicable to it in the Exchange Recognition Order and describe in detail: (i) the steps taken to require compliance; (ii) the controls in place to verify compliance; and (iii) the names and titles of employees who have oversight of compliance. (b) If a recognized exchange, or its directors, officers or employees becomes aware of a breach or a possible breach of any of the terms and conditions applicable to the recognized exchange under the Schedules to the Exchange Recognition Order, such person shall, within two business days after becoming aware of the breach or possible breach, notify the Regulatory Oversight Committee of the breach or possible breach. The director, officer or employee of the recognized exchange shall provide to the Regulatory Oversight Committee details sufficient to describe the nature, date and effect (actual and anticipated) of the breach or possible breach. (c) The Regulatory Oversight Committee shall, within two business days after being notified of the breach or possible breach under paragraph 16(b), notify the Commission and confirm that the breach or possible breach is under investigation as required by paragraph 16(d). (d) The Regulatory Oversight Committee shall promptly cause an investigation to be conducted of the breach or possible breach reported under paragraph 16(b). Once the Regulatory Oversight Committee has made a determination as to whether there has been a breach, or that there is an impending breach, of any terms and conditions applicable to the recognized exchange under the Schedules to the Exchange Recognition Order, the Regulatory Oversight Committee shall, within two business days of such determination, notify the Commission of its determination and shall provide details sufficient to describe the nature, date and effect (actual and anticipated) of the breach or impending breach, and any actions that will be taken to address it. Additional Reporting Obligations 1. Ad Hoc (a) Immediate notification of a decision to enter into a definitive agreement (including a binding letter of intent), memorandum of understanding or other similar arrangement with any governmental or regulatory body, self-regulatory organization, clearing agency, stock exchange, other marketplace or market, except in the case where the agreement or arrangement: (i) is primarily intended to restrict the use or disclosure of confidential information, (ii) is primarily for the purpose of facilitating discussions in connection with a possible definitive agreement, (iii) is necessary to support the provision of the existing exchange services, or (iv) relates to the provision of the existing exchange services and is also subject to the standard form agreements of the exchange (for example, listing agreements, data subscription agreements, etc.). (b) Any plans by the recognized exchange or its affiliated entities that carry on business in Canada to enter into new businesses (directly or indirectly, including joint ventures) or to cease existing businesses, promptly after the Board has made the decision to implement those plans. (d) [Deleted] (e) Immediate notification if the recognized exchange: (i) becomes the subject of any order, directive or other similar action of a governmental or regulatory authority; (ii) becomes aware that it is the subject of a criminal or regulatory investigation; or (iii) becomes, or is notified that it will become, the subject of a material lawsuit. (f) Any strategic plan for the recognized exchange and its affiliated entities carrying on business in Canada, including strategic plans relating to its equities, fixed income, and derivatives (including exchange-traded and over-the-counter or otherwise) businesses, within 30 days of approval by the Board (g) Any filings made by the recognized exchange with a Canadian securities regulatory authority pursuant to a recognition order, exemption order or NI 21-101, filed concurrently. 2. Quarterly Reporting (a) [Deleted] (b) A list of the internal audit reports and risk management reports issued in the previous quarter that relate to the operations and business of the recognized exchange. 3. Annual Reporting (a) At least annually or more frequently if required by the Commission, the recognized exchange's assessment of the risks, including business risks, facing the recognized exchange and its affiliated entities carrying on business in Canada and its plan for addressing such risks. TERMS AND CONDITIONS APPLICABLE TO TMX GROUP LIMITED Terms used in this Schedule have the same meanings and interpretation as in section 1 of Schedule 2. 18. SHARE OWNERSHIP RESTRICTIONS (a) TMX Group shall continue to own, directly or indirectly, all of the issued and outstanding voting shares of TSX and Alpha Exchange. (b) Without the prior approval of the Commission, and subject to terms and conditions considered appropriate by the Commission, no person or company and no combination of persons or companies acting jointly or in concert shall beneficially own or exercise control or direction over more than 10%, or such other percentage as may be prescribed by the Commission, of any class or series of voting shares of TMX Group. The Commission's approval under this paragraph may be subject to such terms and conditions as the Commission considers appropriate. (c) The articles of TMX Group shall contain the share ownership restrictions and provisions respecting the enforcement of such restrictions which, without limiting the foregoing, may provide for the filing of declarations, the suspension of voting rights, the forfeiture of dividends, the refusal of the issue or registration of voting shares and the sale or redemption of voting shares held contrary to the restrictions and payment of net proceeds of the sale or redemption to the person entitled thereto. 19. GOVERNANCE COMMITTEE (a) TMX Group shall maintain a governance committee of the Board that, at a minimum: (i) is made up of independent directors and, for so long as any Maple nomination agreement is in effect, a majority of members who are unrelated to original Maple shareholders; (ii) confirms the status of nominees to the TMX Group Board as independent and/or unrelated to original Maple shareholders, as appropriate, before the name of the individual is submitted to shareholders as a nominee for election to the TMX Group Board; (iii) confirms on an annual basis that the status of the directors who are independent and/or unrelated to original Maple shareholders, as appropriate, has not changed; (iv) assesses and approves all nominees of management to the TMX Group Board, and any nominees pursuant to any Maple nomination agreement; and (v) has a requirement that the quorum consist of a majority of independent directors, and, for so long as any Maple nomination agreement is in effect, a majority of directors who are unrelated to original Maple shareholders. 20. REGULATORY OVERSIGHT COMMITTEE (a) TMX Group shall establish and maintain a Regulatory Oversight Committee that, at a minimum: (i) has a minimum of three directors; (ii) is made up of independent directors and, for so long as any Maple nomination agreement is in effect, a majority of members who are unrelated to original Maple shareholders; (iii) considers real or perceived conflicts of interest that may arise, including but not limited to the following contexts: (A) ownership interests in TMX Group by any TMX marketplace participant with representation on the TMX Group Board, (B) increased concentration of ownership of the recognized exchange, and (C) the profit-making objective and the public interest responsibilities of TMX Group, including general oversight of the management of the regulatory and public interest responsibilities of TSX and Alpha Exchange; (iv) oversees the establishment of mechanisms to avoid or appropriately manage conflicts of interest or potential conflicts of interest, perceived or real, including any policies and procedures that are developed by TMX Group, TSX or Alpha Exchange, including those that are required to be established pursuant to the Schedules to the Exchange Recognition Order; (v) monitors the operation of mechanisms that deal with conflicts of interest, including oversight of reporting of issuer regulation activities and conflicts of interest by TSX and Alpha Exchange; (vi) reviews the effectiveness of the policies and procedures regarding conflicts of interest on a regular, and at least annual, basis; (vii) annually prepares a written report examining the avoidance and management of conflicts of interest, the mechanisms used and the effectiveness of those mechanisms and provides the report to the TMX Group Board promptly and to the Commission within 30 days of providing it to its Board; (viii) has a requirement that the quorum consist of a majority of independent directors and, for so long as any Maple nomination agreement is in effect, a majority of directors who are unrelated to original Maple shareholders; and (ix) reports in writing directly to the Commission on any matter that the Regulatory Oversight Committee deems appropriate or that is required by the Commission without first requiring Board approval or notification for such reporting. (b) The Regulatory Oversight Committee shall provide such information as may be required by the Commission from time to time. 21. FEES, FEE MODELS AND INCENTIVES (a) TMX Group shall ensure that a regulated TMX marketplace does not, through any fee schedule, any fee model or any contract, agreement or other arrangement with any marketplace participant or any other person or company, provide: (i) any discount, rebate, allowance, price concession or other similar arrangement that is accessible only to, whether as designed or by implication, a particular market participant or any other particular person or company; or (ii) any discount, rebate, allowance, price concession or other similar arrangement for any service or product offered by the regulated TMX marketplace that is conditional upon: (b) TMX Group shall ensure that any affiliated entity does not, through any fee schedule, any fee model or any contract, agreement or other arrangement with any marketplace participant or any other person or company, provide: (i) any discount, rebate, allowance, price concession or other similar arrangement on any services or products offered by the affiliated entity that is conditional upon the purchase of any other service or product provided by a regulated TMX marketplace; or (ii) any discount, rebate, allowance, price concession or other similar arrangement for any service or product offered by the affiliated entity that is conditional upon (A) the requirement to have a regulated TMX marketplace be set as the default or first marketplace a marketplace participant routes to, or (B) the router of a regulated TMX marketplace being used as the marketplace participant's primary router. (c) Unless prior approval has been granted by the Commission, TMX Group shall ensure that a regulated TMX marketplace does not, through any fee schedule, any fee model or any contract, agreement or other arrangement with any marketplace participant or any other person or company, provide: (i) any discount, rebate, allowance, price concession or other similar arrangement on any services or products offered by the regulated TMX marketplace that is conditional upon the purchase of any other service or product provided by the regulated TMX marketplace or any affiliated entity; or (d) TMX Group shall ensure that a regulated TMX marketplace obtains prior Commission approval before implementing any new, or amendments to, fees and fee models, including any new, or amendments to, any incentives relating to arrangements that provide for equity ownership in TMX Group for marketplace participants or their affiliated entities based on trading volumes or values on TMX marketplaces. (e) TMX Group shall ensure that a regulated TMX marketplace does not require another person or company to purchase or otherwise obtain products or services from any TMX clearing agency as a condition of the regulated TMX marketplace supplying or continuing to supply a product or service. (f) TMX Group shall ensure that a regulated TMX marketplace does not require a person or company to obtain products or services from the regulated TMX marketplace, any other TMX marketplace or a significant TMX shareholder as a condition of the regulated TMX marketplace supplying or continuing to supply a product or service, unless prior approval has been granted by the Commission. (g) TMX Group shall ensure that any affiliated entity does not require another person or company to obtain products or services from any regulated TMX marketplace or any TMX clearing agency as a condition of the affiliated entity supplying or continuing to supply a product or service. (h) If the Commission considers that it would be in the public interest, the Commission may require a regulated TMX marketplace to submit, for approval by the Commission, a fee, fee model or incentive that has previously been filed with and/or approved by the Commission. (i) Where the Commission decides not to approve the fee, fee model or incentive submitted under paragraph (h), any previous approval for the fee, fee model or incentive shall be revoked, if applicable, and the regulated TMX marketplace shall no longer be permitted to offer the fee, fee model or incentive. 22. CONFLICTS OF INTEREST AND CONFIDENTIALITY (a) TMX Group shall establish, maintain, and require compliance with policies and procedures that: (i) identify and manage any conflicts of interest or potential conflicts of interest, perceived or real, arising from its interest in TSX and Alpha Exchange and from the involvement of any partner, director, officer or employee of a significant TMX shareholder in the management or oversight of the marketplace operations or regulation functions of a TMX marketplace and the services and products provided by the TMX marketplace; and (ii) require that confidential information regarding marketplace operations, regulation functions, a TMX marketplace participant or TMX issuer that is obtained by a partner, director, officer or employee of a significant TMX shareholder through that individual's involvement in the management or oversight of marketplace operations or regulation functions of a TMX marketplace: (A) be kept separate and confidential from the business or other operations of the significant TMX shareholder, except with respect to information regarding marketplace operations where disclosure is necessary to carry out the individual's responsibilities for the management or oversight of marketplace operations and the individual can and does exercise due care in his or her disclosure of the information, and (B) not be used to provide an advantage to the significant TMX shareholder or its affiliated entities. (b) TMX Group shall cause each regulated TMX marketplace to mandate that each marketplace participant of the regulated TMX marketplace that is a TMX dealer, an affiliated entity of the TMX dealer, or a dealer affiliate, each of whose obligations under Schedule 9 have not terminated pursuant to section 72 thereof, shall disclose the marketplace participant's relationship to TMX Group and the regulated TMX marketplace to: (i) clients whose orders might be, and clients whose orders have been, routed to the regulated TMX marketplace; and (ii) entities for whom the marketplace participant is acting or proposing to act as underwriter in connection with the issuance of securities to be listed on a regulated TMX marketplace. (c) TMX Group shall regularly review compliance with the policies and procedures established in accordance with paragraph 22(a) and shall document each review and any deficiencies and how those deficiencies were remedied. A report detailing review(s) conducted shall be provided to the Commission on an annual basis. (d) The policies established in accordance with paragraph 22(a) shall be made publicly available on the website of TMX Group. 23. ALLOCATION OF RESOURCES (a) TMX Group shall, for so long as TSX carries on business as an exchange, allocate sufficient financial and other resources to TSX to ensure that TSX can carry out its functions in a manner that is consistent with the public interest and in compliance with Ontario securities law. (b) TMX Group shall, for so long as Alpha Exchange carries on business as an exchange, allocate sufficient financial and other resources to Alpha Exchange to ensure that Alpha Exchange can carry out its functions in a manner that is consistent with the public interest and in compliance with Ontario securities law. (c) TMX Group shall notify the Commission immediately upon becoming aware that it is or will be unable to allocate sufficient financial and other resources, as required under paragraphs 23(a) or (b), to TSX or Alpha Exchange, as applicable. (d) TMX Group shall ensure that there continues to be significant focus on the development of its core senior equities business, including by allocating sufficient financial and other resources to allow for such development. 24. COMPLIANCE TMX Group shall do everything within its control to cause TSX and Alpha Exchange to carry out its activities as an exchange recognized under section 21 of the Act and in compliance with Ontario securities law. TERMS AND CONDITIONS APPLICABLE TO TSX (a) TSX shall establish, maintain and require compliance with policies and procedures that: (i) identify and manage any conflicts of interest or potential conflicts of interest, real or perceived, arising from the operation of the marketplace or the services it provides including, but not limited to, the following: (A) conflicts of interest or potential conflicts of interest that arise from the involvement of any partner, director, officer or employee of a significant TMX shareholder in the management or oversight of the exchange operations or regulation functions of TSX and the services and products it provides, (B) conflicts of interest or potential conflicts of interest that arise from any interactions between TSX and a significant TMX shareholder or an original Maple shareholder whose obligations under Schedule 9 have not terminated pursuant to section 72 thereof, where TSX may be exercising discretion that involves or affects the original Maple shareholder or significant TMX shareholder either directly or indirectly, and (C) conflicts of interest or potential conflicts of interest that arise between the regulation functions and the business activities of TSX, particularly with respect to the conflicts of interest or potential conflicts of interest that arise between the TSX Issuer regulation functions and the business activities of TSX; and (ii) require that confidential information regarding exchange operations, regulation functions, a TSX PO or TSX Issuer that is obtained by a partner, director, officer or employee of a significant TMX shareholder through that individual's involvement in the management or oversight of exchange operations or regulation functions: (A) be kept separate and confidential from the business or other operations of the significant TMX shareholder, except with respect to information regarding exchange operations where disclosure is necessary to carry out the individual's responsibilities for the management or oversight of exchange operations and the individual can and does exercise due care in his or her disclosure of the information, and (b) TSX shall establish, maintain and require compliance with policies and procedures that identify and manage any conflicts of interest or potential conflicts of interest arising from the listing of the shares of any significant TMX shareholder on TSX, and such policies and procedures, and any amendments, shall not be implemented without prior approval of the Commission. (c) TSX shall require each TSX PO that is a TMX dealer, an affiliated entity of a TMX dealer, or a dealer affiliate, each of whose obligations under Schedule 9 have not terminated pursuant to section 72 thereof, to disclose the TSX PO's relationship with TSX to: (i) clients whose orders might be, and clients whose orders have been, routed to TSX; and (ii) entities for whom the TSX PO is acting or proposing to act as underwriter in connection with the issuance of securities to be listed on TSX. (d) TSX shall regularly review compliance with the policies and procedures established in accordance with paragraphs 31(a), (b) and (c), and shall document each review, and any deficiencies and how those deficiencies were remedied. A report detailing review(s) conducted shall be provided to the Commission on an annual basis. (e) The policies established in accordance with paragraphs 31(a), (b) and (c) shall be made publicly available on the website of TSX. 32. ACCESS TSX's requirements shall provide access to the facilities of TSX only to properly registered investment dealers that are members of IIROC and satisfy the access requirements reasonably established by TSX. 33. REGULATION OF TSX POs AND TSX ISSUERS (a) TSX shall establish, maintain and require compliance with policies and procedures that effectively monitor and enforce the Rules against TSX Issuers and TSX POs, either directly or indirectly through a regulation services provider. (b) TSX has retained and shall continue to retain IIROC as a regulation services provider to provide certain regulation services which have been approved by the Commission. (c) In providing the regulation services, as set out in the agreement between IIROC and TSX (Regulation Services Agreement), IIROC provides certain regulation services to TSX pursuant to a delegation of TSX's authority in accordance with section 13.08(4) of the Toronto Stock Exchange Act and will be entitled to exercise all of the authority of TSX with respect to the administration and enforcement of certain market integrity rules and other related rules, policies and by-laws. (d) TSX shall perform all other regulation functions not performed by IIROC, and shall maintain adequate staffing, systems and other resources in support of those functions. TSX shall obtain prior Commission approval before outsourcing such regulation functions to any party, including affiliated entities or associates of TSX. (e) TSX shall notify the Commission of any violations of Ontario securities law of which it becomes aware in the ordinary course of its business or otherwise. 34. RULES, RULEMAKING AND FORM 21-101F1 (a) TSX shall comply with the process for review and approval of Rules and the information contained in Form 21-101F1 and the exhibits thereto as set out in Schedule 10, as amended from time to time. (b) TSX shall, within sixty days of the effective date of the recognition of TSX as an exchange pursuant to this Exchange Recognition Order, establish and maintain a TSX Board Rules Committee that would, at a minimum: (i) be composed of independent directors and, for so long as any Maple nomination agreement is in effect, a majority of members who are unrelated to original Maple shareholders; (ii) be responsible for considering and recommending to the TSX Board all Rules that must be submitted to the Commission under Schedule 10 and (iii) [Deleted] 35. DUE PROCESS (a) TSX shall ensure that the requirements of TSX relating to access to the trading and listing facilities of TSX, the imposition of limitations or conditions on access, and denial of access are fair and reasonable, including in respect of notice, an opportunity to be heard or make representations, the keeping of a record, the giving of reasons and the provisions of appeals. 36. FINANCIAL VIABILITY MONITORING AND REPORTING (a) TSX shall calculate monthly the following financial ratios: (i) a current ratio, being the ratio of current assets to current liabilities; (ii) a debt to cash flow ratio, being the ratio of total debt (including any line of credit draw downs, and the current and long-term portions of any loans, but excluding accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities) to adjusted EBITDA (i.e., earnings before interest, taxes, stock based compensation, depreciation and amortization) for the most recent 12 months; and (iii) a financial leverage ratio, being the ratio of total assets to shareholders' equity, in each case calculated based on both consolidated and non-consolidated financial statements. (b) TSX shall report quarterly in writing to the Commission, along with the financial statements required to be delivered pursuant to Schedule 2, the monthly calculations for the previous quarter of the financial ratios as required to be calculated under paragraph (a). (c) If TSX determines that it does not have, or anticipates that, in the next twelve months, it will not have, on a consolidated or non-consolidated basis: (i) a current ratio of greater than or equal to 1.1/1, (ii) a debt to cash flow ratio of less than or equal to 4.0/1, or (iii) a financial leverage ratio of less than or equal to 4.0/1, it shall immediately notify the Commission of the above ratio(s) that it is not maintaining, or that it anticipates it will not maintain, the reasons and an estimate of the length of time before the ratio(s) will be compliant. (d) Upon receipt of a notification made by TSX under paragraph (c), the Commission may, as determined appropriate, impose additional terms or conditions on TSX. (e) TSX shall deliver to the Commission its annual financial budget, on a non-consolidated basis, together with the underlying assumptions, that has been approved by its Board, within 30 days after the commencement of each fiscal year. 37. OUTSOURCING TSX shall obtain prior Commission approval before entering into or amending any outsourcing arrangements related to any of its key services or systems with a service provider, which includes affiliated entities or associates of TMX Group, TSX or Alpha Exchange. 38. LISTING-RELATED CONDITIONS TSX shall establish, maintain, and require compliance with policies and procedures that identify and manage any conflicts of interest or potential conflicts of interest arising from the listing of the shares of TMX Group or a competitor to TMX Group on TSX, and such policies and procedures, and any amendments, shall not be implemented without prior approval of the Commission. (a) TSX shall provide the Commission with: (i) the information set out in Appendix B to this Schedule 5, as amended from time to time; and (ii) any information required to be provided by TSX to IIROC, including any and all order and trade information, as required by the Commission. (b) [Deleted] TSX shall carry out its activities as an exchange recognized under section 21 of the Act and in compliance with Ontario securities law. For the purposes of this Appendix: "Participant" means a TSX PO or Alpha Member, as applicable. (a) Prior notification of a decision to enter into a definitive agreement (including a binding letter of intent), memorandum of understanding or other similar arrangement with any governmental or regulatory body, self-regulatory organization, clearing agency, stock exchange, other marketplace or market, except in the case where the agreement or arrangement: (i) is primarily intended to restrict the use or disclosure of confidential information, (ii) is primarily for the purpose of facilitating discussions in connection with a possible definitive agreement, (iii) is necessary to support the provision of the existing exchange services, or (iv) relates to the provision of the existing exchange services and is also subject to the standard form agreements of the exchange (for example, listing agreements, data subscription agreements, etc.). (b) Copies of all notices, bulletins and similar forms of communication that the recognized exchange sends to Participants or issuers. (c) Prompt notification of any suspension or delisting of an issuer, including the reasons for the suspension or delisting. (d) Prompt notification of any suspension or termination of a Participant's status as a Participant of the recognized exchange, including the reasons for the suspension or termination. (a) A quarterly report summarizing all exemptions or waivers granted during the period pursuant to the Rules to any Participant or issuer, which shall include the following information: (i) the name of the Participant or issuer; (ii) the type of exemption or waiver granted during the period; (iii) the date of the exemption or waiver; and (iv) a description of the recognized exchange's reason for the decision to grant the exemption or waiver. (b) A quarterly report regarding original listing applications containing the following information: (i) the name of any issuer whose original listing application was conditionally approved, the date of such approval, the type of listing, the category of listing and, if known, whether the issuer was denied an application to list its securities on another marketplace; (ii) the name of any issuer whose original listing application was rejected and the reasons for rejection, by category of listing; and (iii) the name of any issuer whose original listing application was withdrawn or abandoned and, if known, the reasons why the application was withdrawn or abandoned, by category of listing. (c) A quarterly report summarizing all significant incidents of Issuer non-compliance identified by the recognized exchange during the period, together with a summary of the actions taken to address and resolve the incidents of non-compliance. TERMS AND CONDITIONS APPLICABLE TO ALPHA EXCHANGE (a) Alpha Exchange shall establish, maintain and require compliance with policies and procedures that: (A) conflicts of interest or potential conflicts of interest that arise from the involvement of any partner, director, officer or employee of a significant TMX shareholder in the management or oversight of the exchange operations or regulation functions of Alpha Exchange and the services and products it provides, (B) conflicts of interest or potential conflicts of interest that arise from any interactions between Alpha Exchange and a significant TMX shareholder or an original Maple shareholder whose obligations under Schedule 9 have not terminated pursuant to section 72 thereof, where Alpha Exchange may be exercising discretion that involves or affects the original Maple shareholder or significant TMX shareholder either directly or indirectly, and (C) conflicts of interest or potential conflicts of interest that arise between the regulation functions and the business activities of Alpha Exchange, particularly with respect to the conflicts of interest or potential conflicts of interest that arise between the Alpha Issuer regulation functions and the business activities of Alpha Exchange; and (ii) require that confidential information regarding exchange operations, regulation functions, or an Alpha Member that is obtained by a partner, director, officer or employee of a significant TMX shareholder through that individual's involvement in the management or oversight of exchange operations or regulation functions: (b) Alpha Exchange shall require each Alpha Member that is a TMX dealer, an affiliated entity of a TMX dealer, or a dealer affiliate, each of whose obligations under Schedule 9 have not terminated pursuant to section 72 thereof, to disclose the Alpha Member's relationship with Alpha Exchange to clients whose orders might be, and clients whose orders have been, routed to Alpha Exchange. (c) Alpha Exchange shall regularly review compliance with the policies and procedures established in accordance with paragraphs 49(a) and (b) and shall document each review, and any deficiencies and how those deficiencies were remedied. A report detailing review(s) conducted shall be provided to the Commission on an annual basis. (d) The policies established in accordance with paragraphs 49(a) and (b) shall be made publicly available on the website of Alpha Exchange. Alpha Exchange's requirements shall provide access to the facilities of Alpha Exchange only to properly registered investment dealers that are members of IIROC and satisfy the access requirements reasonably established by Alpha Exchange. 51. REGULATION OF ALPHA MEMBERS (a) Alpha Exchange shall establish, maintain and require compliance with policies and procedures that effectively monitor and enforce the Rules against Alpha Members, either directly or indirectly through a regulation services provider. (b) Alpha Exchange has retained and shall continue to retain IIROC as a regulation services provider to provide certain regulation services which have been approved by the Commission. (c) Alpha Exchange shall perform all other regulation functions not performed by IIROC, and shall maintain adequate staffing, systems and other resources in support of those functions. Alpha Exchange shall obtain prior Commission approval before outsourcing such regulation functions to any party, including affiliated entities or associates of Alpha Exchange. (d) Alpha Exchange shall notify the Commission of any violations of Ontario securities law of which it becomes aware in the ordinary course of its business or otherwise. (a) Alpha Exchange shall comply with the process for review and approval of Rules and the information contained in Form 21-101F1 and the exhibits thereto as set out in Schedule 10, as amended from time to time. (b) Alpha Exchange shall, within sixty days of the effective date of the recognition of Alpha Exchange as an exchange pursuant to this Exchange Recognition Order, establish and maintain an Alpha Exchange Board Rules Committee that would, at a minimum: (ii) be responsible for considering and recommending to the Alpha Exchange Board all Rules that must be submitted to the Commission under Schedule 10; and (a) Alpha Exchange shall ensure that the requirements of Alpha Exchange relating to access to the trading facilities of Alpha Exchange, the imposition of limitations or conditions on access, and denial of access are fair and reasonable, including in respect of notice, an opportunity to be heard or make representations, the keeping of a record, the giving of reasons and the provisions of appeals. (a) Alpha Exchange shall calculate monthly the following financial ratios: (b) Alpha Exchange shall report quarterly in writing to the Commission, along with the financial statements required to be delivered pursuant to Schedule 2, the monthly calculations for the previous quarter of the financial ratios as required to be calculated under paragraph (a). (c) If Alpha Exchange determines that it does not have, or anticipates that, in the next twelve months, it will not have, on a consolidated or non-consolidated basis: (d) Upon receipt of a notification made by Alpha Exchange under paragraph (c), the Commission may, as determined appropriate, impose additional terms or conditions on Alpha Exchange. (e) Alpha Exchange shall deliver to the Commission its annual financial budget, on a non-consolidated basis, together with the underlying assumptions, that has been approved by its Board, within 30 days after the commencement of each fiscal year. (a) Alpha Exchange shall obtain prior Commission approval before entering into or amending any outsourcing arrangements related to any of its key services or systems with a service provider, which includes affiliated entities or associates of TMX Group, TSX or Alpha Exchange. 57. SEPARATION OF LISTING MARKETS (a) Alpha Exchange shall provide the Commission with: (i) the information set out in Appendix B to Schedule 5, as amended from time to time; and (ii) any information required to be provided by Alpha Exchange to IIROC, including any and all order and trade information, as required by the Commission. Alpha Exchange shall carry out its activities as an exchange recognized under section 21 of the Act and in compliance with Ontario securities law. TERMS AND CONDITIONS APPLICABLE TO ORIGINAL MAPLE SHAREHOLDERS 63. DEFINITIONS Terms used in this Schedule have the same meaning and interpretation as in section 1 of Schedule 2. (a) Each original significant Maple shareholder shall establish, maintain and require compliance with policies and procedures that: (i) identify and manage any conflicts of interest or potential conflicts of interest, real or perceived, arising from the involvement of a nominee of the original significant Maple shareholder on the Board of the recognized exchange, including, but not limited to, conflicts of interest or potential conflicts of interest that arise from the involvement of the nominee in the management or oversight of the marketplace operations or regulation functions of TMX Group, TSX and Alpha Exchange and the services and products each provides; and (ii) require that confidential information regarding marketplace operations or regulation functions, or regarding a TSX PO, TSX Issuer or Alpha Member that is obtained by such nominee on the Board of the recognized exchange: (A) be kept separate and confidential from the business or other operations of the original significant Maple shareholder, except with respect to information regarding marketplace operations where disclosure is necessary to carry out the individual's responsibilities for the management or oversight of exchange operations and the individual can and does exercise due care in his or her disclosure of the information, and (B) not be used to provide an advantage to the original significant Maple shareholder or its affiliated entities. (b) Each original Maple shareholder shall establish, maintain and require compliance, or ensure that its dealer affiliate establishes, maintains and requires compliance, with policies and procedures that identify and manage any conflicts of interest or potential conflicts of interest, real or perceived, arising from its ownership interest in TMX Group, and indirectly TSX, Alpha Exchange and CDS, including, but not limited to, conflicts of interest or potential conflicts of interest that arise from any interactions between either of TSX or Alpha Exchange and the original Maple shareholder, or an original Maple shareholder's dealer affiliate, where TSX or Alpha Exchange, as applicable, may be exercising discretion in the application of its Rules that involves or affects the original Maple shareholder either directly or indirectly. (c) Each original Maple shareholder shall regularly review compliance with the policies and procedures established in accordance with paragraphs (a) and (b), as applicable, and shall document each review of compliance. 65. ROUTING AND OTHER OPERATIONAL DECISIONS (a) Each original Maple shareholder shall not enter into any arrangements, undertakings, commitments, understandings or agreements with TMX Group, TSX, Alpha Exchange, any other original Maple shareholder or any other marketplace participant with respect to coordination of the routing of orders between the original Maple shareholder or any of its affiliated entities and any other entity, including the coordination of the routing of orders to a particular TMX marketplace or TMX trading facility, except with respect to activities that are permitted by the requirements of a marketplace, a TMX trading facility, or IIROC. (b) Each original Maple shareholder shall not cause its dealer affiliate to enter into any arrangements, undertakings, commitments, understandings or agreements with TMX Group, TSX, Alpha Exchange, any other original Maple shareholder or any other marketplace participant with respect to coordination of the routing of orders between the original Maple shareholder or any of its affiliated entities and any other entity, including the coordination of the routing of orders to a particular TMX marketplace or TMX trading facility, except with respect to activities that are permitted by the requirements of a marketplace, a TMX trading facility, or IIROC. (c) Each TMX dealer shall not cause its affiliated entity to enter into any arrangements, undertakings, commitments, understandings or agreements with TMX Group, TSX, Alpha Exchange, any other original Maple shareholder or any other marketplace participant with respect to coordination of the routing of orders between the original Maple shareholder or any of its affiliated entities and any other entity, including the coordination of the routing of orders to a particular TMX marketplace or TMX trading facility, except with respect to activities that are permitted by the requirements of a marketplace, a TMX trading facility, or IIROC. (d) For greater certainty, paragraphs (a), (b) and (c) are not intended to prohibit any temporary agreements or coordination between any original Maple shareholder, dealer affiliate or affiliated entity and any other original Maple shareholder, dealer affiliate or affiliated entity or any other marketplace participant in the event of any failure, malfunction or material delay of the systems or equipment of a marketplace if and to the extent reasonably necessary to protect the integrity and liquidity of capital markets, provided that prior notice of the temporary agreement or coordination is provided to the Commission. (e) Each original Maple shareholder shall not, and shall not cause an affiliated entity to, offer or pay any benefit, financial or otherwise to: (i) its traders that would incent such traders to direct their orders to a TMX marketplace or TMX trading facility in preference to any other marketplace; or (ii) its employees involved in and responsible for underwriting activities that would incent such employees to recommend to issuers or prospective issuers for whom such original Maple shareholder or affiliated entity is acting or proposing to act as underwriter to list securities on a TMX recognized exchange in preference to any other marketplace. (f) Each original Maple shareholder that is not a TMX dealer shall provide a written directive to its traders that they shall not cause routing decisions to be made based on the original Maple shareholder's ownership interest in TMX Group. (g) Each TMX dealer, or its affiliated entities that are marketplace participants, shall establish, maintain and require compliance with a written directive requiring its traders to base routing decisions on the best execution and order protection obligations, where applicable, without regard to any ownership interest of the TMX dealer in a TMX marketplace or TMX trading facility. The written policy shall provide that where best execution and order protection obligations are satisfied and an order or orders are being routed on the basis of other factors, the TMX dealer's routing decisions, including the use of algorithms, or those of its affiliated entities that are marketplace participants, shall not take into account any financial benefit that would accrue to the TMX dealer by virtue of its equity ownership interest in TMX Group. (h) Each TMX dealer, or its affiliated entities that are marketplace participants, shall establish, maintain and require compliance with a written directive requiring its employees involved in and responsible for underwriting activities to base any listing recommendations on what would be most advantageous for the issuer or prospective issuer, without regard to any ownership interest of the TMX dealer, or of those affiliated entities that are marketplace participants, in a TMX recognized exchange. 66. DISCLOSURE TO CLIENTS (a) Each TMX dealer shall or shall ensure that any of its affiliated entities that is a TMX marketplace participant shall, disclose its relationship with TMX Group and TMX Group's affiliated entities to: (i) clients whose orders might be, and clients whose orders have been, routed to a TMX marketplace; and (ii) entities for whom the TMX marketplace participant is acting or proposing to act as underwriter in connection with the issuance of securities to be listed on an exchange operated or owned by TMX Group or its affiliated entities. (b) Each original Maple shareholder that is not a TMX dealer shall ensure that any of its affiliated entities that is a TMX marketplace participant shall disclose its relationship with TMX Group and TMX Group's affiliated entities to: 67. COMPETITION OF TRADING FACILITIES AND ANCILLARY SERVICE PROVIDERS (a) Each original Maple shareholder shall not enter or, in the case of a TMX dealer or an original Maple shareholder with a dealer affiliate, cause its affiliated entities or dealer affiliates, as applicable, to enter any exclusive, substantially exclusive or preferential arrangements, undertakings, commitments, understandings or agreements regarding the trading of any derivatives or related products, including over-the-counter derivatives and fixed income securities, through trading facilities owned or operated by TMX Group or its affiliated entities. (b) Each original Maple shareholder shall not enter or, in the case of a TMX dealer or an original Maple shareholder with a dealer affiliate, cause its affiliated entities or dealer affiliates, as applicable, to enter into any arrangement, undertaking, commitment, understanding or agreement to engage, on an exclusive or substantially exclusive basis, or preference any service provider that is an affiliated entity of TMX Group and that provides back-office, post-trade or ancillary services relating to trading in securities or derivatives. 68. CONDITIONAL PROVISION OF PRODUCTS OR SERVICES (a) A TMX dealer shall not require another person or company to obtain products or services from TMX Group or any of TMX Group's affiliated entities as a condition of the TMX dealer supplying or continuing to supply a product or service. (b) An original Maple shareholder with a dealer affiliate shall not cause its dealer affiliate to require another person or company to obtain products or services from TMX Group or any of TMX Group's affiliated entities as a condition of the original Maple shareholder supplying or continuing to supply a product or service. 69. NOTIFICATION OF NEW DEALER AFFILIATES Each original Maple shareholder shall promptly notify the Commission if it creates or acquires an affiliate that is a dealer. (a) Each original Maple shareholder shall certify in writing to the Commission, in a certificate signed by its CEO and either its general counsel or chief compliance officer, within ten days of the date that is one year from the effective date of the recognition of TMX Group as an exchange pursuant to this Exchange Recognition Order and every year subsequent to that date, or at other times required by the Commission, that, based on their knowledge, having exercised reasonable diligence, the original Maple shareholder is in compliance with the terms and conditions applicable to it in this Schedule and describe the steps taken to require compliance. (b) Each original Maple shareholder shall certify in writing, in a certificate signed by its CEO and either its general counsel or chief compliance officer, within ten days of the date that is one year from the effective date of the recognition of TMX Group as an exchange pursuant to this Exchange Recognition Order and every year subsequent to that date, or at other times required by the Commission, that, based on their knowledge, having exercised reasonable diligence: (i) the original Maple shareholder is not acting jointly or in concert with any other original Maple shareholder (or any affiliated entity or associate thereof) with respect to any voting shares of TMX Group; (ii) the original Maple shareholder has no agreement, commitment or understanding, written or otherwise, with any other original Maple shareholder (or any affiliated entity or associate thereof) with respect to the acquisition or disposition of voting shares of TMX Group (other than, in the case of dispositions, section 22 of the Maple Acquisition Governance Agreement), the exercise of any voting rights attached to any voting shares of TMX Group or the coordination of decisions or voting by its nominee director of TMX Group (if any) with the decisions or voting by the nominee of any other original Maple shareholder; and (iii) since the last certification, the original Maple shareholder has not acted jointly or in concert with any other original Maple shareholder (or any affiliated entity or associate thereof) with respect to (i) any voting shares of TMX Group, including with respect to the acquisition or disposition of any voting shares of TMX Group (other than, in the case of dispositions, under section 22 of the Maple Acquisition Governance Agreement) or the exercise of any voting rights attached to any voting shares of TMX Group, or (ii) coordination of decisions or voting by its nominee director of TMX Group (if any) with the decisions or voting by the nominee director of any other original Maple shareholder. (a) If the original Maple shareholder or its partners, officers, directors, or employees (or, in the case of an original Maple shareholder that is not a dealer, its relevant officers, directors, or employees that are subject to policies and procedures implemented for the purpose of complying with the applicable terms of this Schedule) becomes aware that there has been a breach or possible breach of any of the terms and conditions applicable to it under this schedule of the Exchange Recognition Order, such person shall, promptly after becoming aware of the breach or possible breach, notify the Designated Recipient (as defined below) of such original Maple shareholder of the breach or possible breach. The partner, director, officer or employee of the original Maple shareholder shall provide to the Designated Recipient details sufficient to describe the nature, date and effect (actual and anticipated) of the breach or possible breach. (b) "Designated Recipient" means the person or body that the original Maple shareholder designates as having the responsibilities described in this section 71, which may be its Board, audit committee, governance committee (or chairperson of any of the foregoing), General Counsel, Chief Compliance Officer, an ombudsperson specifically designated by the original Maple shareholder to review compliance with corporate policies under the shareholder's established whistle-blowing procedures, or, with the prior approval of the Commission, such other person or committee designated by the original Maple shareholder. (c) The Designated Recipient shall promptly cause an investigation to be conducted of the breach or possible breach reported under paragraph (a) and shall promptly provide a report to the Commission after concluding such investigation if the Designated Recipient determines that a breach has occurred or that there is an impending breach. Any such report to the Commission by the Designated Recipient shall include details sufficient to describe the nature, date and effect (actual and anticipated) of the breach or impending breach, and any actions that will be taken to address it. 72. EXPIRY OF TERM AND CONDITIONS The obligations of an original Maple shareholder to comply with the terms and conditions of this Schedule expire on the first anniversary of the later of: (a) the earlier of: (i) six years from the date of the Exchange Recognition Order; and (ii) the date on which for a consecutive six month period such original Maple shareholder has beneficially owned or exercised control or direction over that number of voting shares of TMX Group that represents less than 50% of the number of voting shares of TMX Group which it beneficially owned or exercised control or direction over on the date of completion of the Subsequent Arrangement; and (b) the later of: (i) the termination or expiry of any right it has to nominate a director to the TMX Group Board; and (ii) the date on which no partner, officer, director or employee of the original Maple shareholder is a director on the TMX Group Board. PROCESS FOR THE REVIEW AND APPROVAL OF RULES AND THE INFORMATION CONTAINED IN FORM 21-101F1 AND THE EXHIBITS THERETO This Protocol sets out the procedures a recognized exchange (Exchange) must follow for any Rule or Change, both as defined in section 2 below, and describes the procedures for their review by Commission Staff (Staff) and approval by the Commission or the Director. This Protocol also establishes requirements regarding the time at which an Exchange may begin operations following recognition by the Commission. For the purposes of this Protocol: (a) Change means a Fee Change, a Housekeeping Change or a Significant Change. (b) Director means "Director" as defined in subsection 1(1) of the Securities Act (Ontario). (c) Fee Change means any new fee or fee model of the Exchange and any amendment to a fee or fee model. (d) Housekeeping Change means an amendment to the information in Form 21-101F1 that (i) does not have a significant impact on the Exchange, its market structure, members, issuers, investors or the Canadian capital markets, or (ii) is of a housekeeping or administrative nature and is comparable to the types of housekeeping changes listed in subsection 6.1(5)(b) of Companion Policy 21-101CP. (e) Housekeeping Rule means a new Rule or an amendment to a Rule that (f) Public Interest Rule means a Rule or an amendment to a Rule that is not a Housekeeping Rule. (g) Rule includes a rule, policy and other similar instrument of the Exchange. (h) Significant Change means an amendment to the information in Form 21-101F1 other than (i) a Housekeeping Change, (ii) a Fee Change, or (iii) a Rule, and for greater certainty includes the matters listed in subsection 6.1(4) of Companion Policy 21-101 CP. (i) Significant Change subject to Public Comment means a Significant Change that (i) is listed in paragraphs 6.1(4)(a) or (b) of Companion Policy 21-101 CP, or (ii) in Staff's view, has a significant impact on the Exchange, its market structure, members, issuers, investors or the Canadian capital markets or otherwise raises regulatory or public interest concerns and should be subject to public comment. 3. Scope The Exchange and Staff will follow the process for review and approval set out in this Protocol for all Changes, new Rules and Rule amendments. 4. Board Approval The Exchange's board of directors, or a duly authorized committee of the board, must approve all Rules prior to their submission under this Protocol. 5. Waiving or Varying the Protocol (a) The Exchange may file a written request with Staff to waive or vary any part of this Protocol. The request must provide reasons why granting the waiver is appropriate in the circumstances. (b) Staff will use their best efforts to provide to the Exchange within five business days of receipt of its request either: (i) written notice that Staff object to granting the waiver or variation; or (ii) written notice that the waiver or variation has been granted by Staff. 6. Commencement of Exchange Operations The Exchange must not begin operations until the later of (a) three months after the Exchange is notified that it has been recognized by the Commission, and (b) a reasonable period of time after the Exchange is notified that it has been recognized by the Commission. 7. Materials to be Filed and Timelines (a) Prior to the implementation of a Fee Change, Public Interest Rule or Significant Change, the Exchange will file with Staff the following materials: (i) a cover letter that, together with the notice for publication filed under paragraph (a)(ii), if applicable, fully describes: (A) the proposed Fee Change, Public Interest Rule or Significant Change; (B) the expected date of implementation of the proposed Fee Change, Public Interest Rule or Significant Change; (C) the rationale for the proposal and any relevant supporting analysis; (D) the expected impact of the proposed Fee Change, Public Interest Rule or Significant Change on the market structure, members and, if applicable, on investors, issuers and the capital markets; (E) whether a proposed Public Interest Rule or Significant Change would increase or decrease systemic risk in the Canadian financial system and how any increase would be mitigated, if applicable; (F) the expected impact of the Fee Change, Public Interest Rule or Significant Change on the Exchange's compliance with Ontario securities law and in particular on requirements for fair access and maintenance of fair and orderly markets; (G) details of any consultations undertaken in formulating the Fee Change, Public Interest Rule or Significant Change, including the internal governance process followed to approve the Rule or Change; (H) if the Public Interest Rule or Significant Change will require members or service vendors to modify their systems after implementation of the Rule or Change, the expected impact of the Rule or Change on the systems of members and service vendors together with a reasonable estimate of the amount of time needed to perform the necessary work, or an explanation as to why a reasonable estimate was not provided; (I) where the proposed Significant Change is not a Significant Change subject to Public Comment, the rationale for why the proposed Significant Change is not considered a Significant Change subject to Public Comment; (J) a discussion of any alternatives considered; and (K) if applicable, whether the proposed Fee Change, Significant Change or Public Interest Rule would introduce a fee model, feature or Rule that currently exists in other markets or jurisdictions; (ii) for a proposed Public Interest Rule or Significant Change subject to Public Comment, a notice for publication that includes the information required under paragraph (a)(i), except that the following may be excluded from the notice: (A) supporting analysis required under subparagraph (a)(i)(C) that, if included in the notice, would result in the public disclosure of intimate financial, commercial or technical information; (B) the information on systemic risk required under subparagraph (a)(i)(E); (C) the information on the internal governance processes followed required under subparagraph (a)(i)(G); (D) the reasonable estimate of time needed for members and service vendors to modify their own systems, or the explanation as to why a reasonable estimate was not provided, required under subparagraph (a)(i)(H), so long as the notice for publication contains a statement that the Exchange did not or could not make a reasonable estimate; (E) the rationale for why the Significant Change is not considered a Significant Change subject to Public Comment; and (F) the discussion of alternatives required under subparagraph (a)(i)(J). (iii) for a proposed Public Interest Rule, the text of the Rule and a blacklined version of the Rule indicating changes to any existing Rules, and if supplementary material relating to the Rule is contained in Form 21-101F1, blacklined and clean copies of Form 21-101F1; and (iv) for a proposed Fee Change or Significant Change, blacklined and clean copies of Form 21-101F1 showing the proposed Change. (b) The Exchange will file the materials set out in subsection (a) (i) at least 45 days prior to the expected implementation date of a proposed Public Interest Rule or Significant Change; and (ii) at least seven business days prior to the expected implementation date of a proposed Fee Change. (c) For a Housekeeping Rule, the Exchange will file with Staff the following materials: (i) a cover letter that fully describes the Rule and indicates that it was classified as a Housekeeping Rule and provides an analysis of the rationale for the classification, and the date or proposed date of implementation of the Rule; (ii) the text of the Rule and a blacklined version of the Rule indicating changes to any existing Rules; (iii) if supplementary material relating to the Rule is contained in Form 21-101F1, blacklined and clean copies of Form 21-101F1; and (iv) a notice for publication on the OSC website and in the OSC Bulletin that contains the information in paragraph (ii) as well as the implementation date for the Rule and indicates that the Rule has been classified as a Housekeeping Rule and was not published for comment. (d) For a Housekeeping Change, the Exchange will file with Staff the following materials: (i) a cover letter that indicates that the Change was classified as a Housekeeping Change and provides an analysis of the rationale for the classification and the expected or actual date of implementation of the Change; and (ii) blacklined and clean copies of Form 21-101F1 showing the Change. (e) The Exchange will file the materials set out in subsection (d) by the earlier of (i) the Exchange's close of business on the 10th calendar day after the end of the month in which the Housekeeping Change was implemented; and (ii) the date on which the Exchange publicly announces a Housekeeping Change, if applicable. 8. Review by Staff of notice and materials to be published for comment (a) Within 5 business days of the receipt of the notice and materials filed by the Exchange relating to a Public Interest Rule or Significant Change subject to Public Comment in accordance with subsection 7(a), Staff will review the notice and materials to ensure that they contain an adequate level of detail, analysis and discussion to elicit meaningful public comment, and will promptly notify the Exchange of any deficiency requiring a refiling of the notice and materials. (b) Where the notice and materials are considered by Staff to be deficient, the Exchange will amend and resubmit the notice and materials accordingly, and the date of resubmission will serve as the filing date for the purposes of this Protocol. (c) Where the notice and materials are considered by Staff to be adequate for publication, Staff will proceed with the processes set out in section 9. 9. Publication of a Public Interest Rule or Significant Change Subject to Public Comment (a) As soon as practicable after the receipt of the notice and materials filed by the Exchange relating to a Public Interest Rule or Significant Change subject to Public Comment in accordance with subsection 7(a), Staff will publish in the OSC Bulletin and on the OSC website the notice prepared by the Exchange, along with a notice prepared by Staff, if necessary, that provides market participants with an opportunity to provide comments to Staff and to the Exchange within 30 days from the date the notice appears in the OSC Bulletin or on the OSC website, whichever comes first. (b) If public comments are received (i) the Exchange will forward copies of the comments promptly to Staff; and (ii) the Exchange will prepare a summary of the public comments and a response to those comments and provide them to Staff promptly after the end of the comment period. 10. Review and Approval Process for Proposed Fee Changes, Public Interest Rules and Significant Changes (a) Staff will use their best efforts to complete their review of a proposed Fee Change, Public Interest Rule or Significant Change within (i) 45 days from the date of filing of a proposed Public Interest Rule or Significant Change; and (ii) seven business days from the date of filing of a proposed Fee Change. (b) Staff will notify the Exchange if they anticipate that their review of the proposed Fee Change, Public Interest Rule or Significant Change will exceed the timelines in subsection (a). (c) If Staff have material comments or require additional information to complete their review of a proposed Fee Change, Public Interest Rule or Significant Change, Staff will use best efforts to provide the Exchange with a comment letter promptly by the end of the public comment period for a Public Interest Rule or Significant Change subject to Public Comment, and promptly after the receipt of the materials filed under section 7 for all other Changes. (d) The Exchange will respond to any comments received from Staff in writing. (e) Unless Staff agree to an extension of time, if the Exchange fails to respond to Staff's comments within 120 days after the receipt of Staff's comment letter, the Exchange will be deemed to have withdrawn the proposed Fee Change, Public Interest Rule or Significant Change. If the Exchange wishes to proceed with the Fee Change, Public Interest Rule or Significant Change after it has been deemed withdrawn, the Exchange will have to be re-submit it for review and approval in accordance with this Protocol. (f) Upon completion of Staff's review of a Fee Change, Public Interest Rule or Significant Change, Staff will submit the Change or Rule to the Director or, in the circumstances described in subsection (g), to the Commission, for a decision within the following timelines: (i) for a Public Interest Rule or a Significant Change subject to Public Comment, the later of 45 days from the date that the related materials were published for comment and the date that Staff's comments and public comments, including any concerns identified, have been adequately addressed by the Exchange; (ii) for any other Significant Change, the later of 45 days from the date of filing of the Change and the date that Staff's comments and any concerns identified have been adequately addressed by the Exchange; or (iii) for a Fee Change, the later of seven business days from the date of filing of the change and the date that Staff's comments and any concerns identified have been adequately addressed by the Exchange. (g) A Fee Change, Public Interest Rule or Significant Change may be submitted to the Commission for a decision, within the timelines in subsection (f), (i) if the proposed Fee Change, Public Interest Rule or Significant Change introduces a novel feature to the Exchange or the capital markets; (ii) if the proposed Fee Change, Public Interest Rule or Significant Change raises significant regulatory or public interest concerns; or (iii) in any other situation where, in Staff's view, Commission approval is appropriate. (h) Staff will promptly notify the Exchange of the decision. (i) If a Public Interest Rule or Significant Change subject to Public Comment is approved, Staff will publish the following documents in the OSC Bulletin and on the OSC website promptly after the approval: (i) a notice indicating that the proposed Rule or Change is approved; (ii) the summary of public comments and responses prepared by the Exchange, if applicable; and (iii) if non-material changes were made to the version published for public comment, a brief description of these changes prepared by the Exchange and a blacklined copy of the revised Rule or Change highlighting the revisions made. 11. Review Criteria for a Fee Change, Public Interest Rule and Significant Change (a) Staff will review a proposed Fee Change, Public Interest Rule or Significant Change in order to assess whether it is in the public interest for the Director or the Commission to approve the Rule or Change. In making this determination, Staff will have regard to the mandate of the Commission as set out section 1.1 of the Securities Act (Ontario). The factors that Staff will consider in making their determination also include whether: (i) the Rule or Change would impact the Exchange's compliance with Ontario securities law; (ii) the Exchange followed its established internal governance practices in approving the proposed Rule or Change; (iii) the Exchange followed the requirements of this Protocol and has provided sufficient analysis of the nature, purpose and effect of the Rule or Change; and (iv) the Exchange adequately addressed any comments received. 12. Effective Date of a Fee Change, Public Interest Rule or Significant Change (a) A Fee Change, Public Interest Rule or Significant Change will be effective on the later of: (i) the date that the Exchange is notified that the Change or Rule is approved; (ii) if applicable, the date of publication of the notice of approval on the OSC website; and (iii) the date designated by the Exchange. (b) Where a Significant Change involves a change to any of the systems, operated by or on behalf of the Exchange, described in section 12.1 of National Instrument 21-101, the Significant Change will not be effective until a reasonable period of time after the Exchange is notified that the Significant Change is approved. (c) The Exchange must notify Staff promptly following the implementation of a Fee Change, Public Interest Rule or Significant Change that becomes effective under subsection (a). (d) Where the Exchange does not implement a Fee Change, Public Interest Rule or Significant Change within 180 days of the effective date of the Fee Change, Public Interest Rule or Significant Change, as provided for in subsection (a), the Fee Change, Public Interest Rule or Significant Change will be deemed to be withdrawn. 13. Significant Revisions and Republication (a) If, subsequent to its publication for comment, the Exchange revises a Public Interest Rule or a Significant Change subject to Public Comment in a manner that results in a material change to the proposed substance or effect of the Rule or Change, Staff will, in consultation with the Exchange, determine whether or not the revised Rule or Change should be published for an additional 30-day comment period. (b) If a Public Interest Rule or Significant Change subject to Public Comment is republished under subsection (a), the request for comments will include a blacklined version marked to the originally published version, a summary of comments and responses prepared by the Exchange, and an explanation of the revisions and the supporting rationale for the revisions. 14. Withdrawal of a Fee Change, Public Interest Rule or Significant Change (a) If the Exchange withdraws a Fee Change, Public Interest Rule or a Significant Change that was previously submitted, it will provide a written notice of withdrawal to Staff. (b) If the notice of withdrawal relates to a Public Interest Rule or Significant Change subject to Public Comment, Staff will publish the notice of withdrawal in the OSC Bulletin and OSC website as soon as practicable. (c) If a Public Interest Rule or Significant Change subject to Public Comment is deemed to have been withdrawn as provided in subsection 10(e), Staff will prepare and publish a notice informing market participants that the Exchange did not proceed with the Rule or Change. 15. Effective Date of a Housekeeping Rule or Housekeeping Change (a) Subject to subsections (c) and (d), a Housekeeping Rule will be effective on the later of (i) the date of the publication of the notice to be published on the OSC website in accordance with subsection (e), and (ii) the date designated by the Exchange. (b) Subject to subsections (c) and (d), a Housekeeping Change will be effective on the date designated by the Exchange. (c) Staff will review the materials filed by the Exchange for a Housekeeping Change or Housekeeping Rule to assess the appropriateness of the categorization of the Rule or Change as housekeeping within five business days from the date that the Exchange filed the documents in accordance with subsections 7(c) and 7(d). The Exchange will be notified in writing if there is disagreement with respect to the categorization of the Rule or Change as housekeeping. (d) If Staff disagree with the categorization of the Rule or Change as housekeeping, the Exchange will immediately repeal the Change, if applicable, file the proposed Rule as a Public Interest Rule or the proposed Change as a Significant Change, and follow the review and approval processes described in this Protocol as applying to a Public Interest Rule or Significant Change, including those processes applicable to a Significant Change subject to Public Comment if applicable. (e) If Staff do not disagree with the categorization of the Rule, Staff will publish a notice to that effect in the OSC Bulletin and on the OSC website as soon as is practicable. 16. Immediate Implementation of a Public Interest Rule or Significant Change (a) The Exchange may need to make a Public Interest Rule or Significant Change effective immediately where the Exchange determines that there is an urgent need to implement the Rule or Change to maintain fair and orderly markets, or because of a substantial and imminent risk of material harm to the Exchange, its members, other market participants, issuers or investors. (b) When the Exchange determines that immediate implementation is necessary, it will advise Staff in writing as soon as possible but in any event at least five business days prior to the proposed implementation of the Public Interest Rule or Significant Change. The written notice will include the expected effective date of the Public Interest Rule or Significant Change and an analysis to support the need for immediate implementation. An application for an exemption from the 45-day advance filing requirements in National Instrument 21-101 must also be included as part of the written notice. (c) If Staff do not agree that immediate implementation is necessary, Staff will promptly notify the Exchange, in writing, of the disagreement no later than the end of the third business day following filing of the notice under subsection (b). If the disagreement is not resolved, the Exchange will file the Public Interest Rule or Significant Change in accordance with the timelines in section 7. 17. Review of a Public Interest Rule or Significant Change Implemented Immediately A Public Interest Rule or Significant Change that has been implemented immediately in accordance with section 16 will be published, if applicable, and reviewed and approved by the Director or by the Commission in accordance with the procedures set out in section 10, with necessary modifications. If the Director or the Commission does not approve the Public Interest Rule or Significant Change, the Exchange will immediately repeal the Rule or Change and inform its members of the decision. 18. Application of Section 21 of the Securities Act (Ontario) The Commission's powers under subsection 21(5) of the Securities Act (Ontario) are not constrained in any way, notwithstanding a Rule or Change having been approved under this Protocol. 20 Queen Street West 19th Floor, Box 55 Toronto ON M5H 3S8 John P. Stevenson, Secretary of the Commission Dear Mr. Stevenson: Re: Maple Group -- AMF Undertakings This letter is further to the meeting on March 7, 2012 during which OSC staff and TMX discussed Maple's understanding of the impact of the proposed undertakings to the AMF set out in the January 31, 2012 draft letter of Maple to Mr. Mario Albert, President and CEO of the AMF. In paragraphs 15 and 16 of the letter (now paragraphs 14 and 15), Maple has undertaken, in effect, to continue to develop Montreal as a centre of excellence in derivatives. At the meeting, counsel to Maple indicated that this is consistent with Maple's current plans to continue to utilize the assets and resources at MX and CDCC to grow the trading and clearing of derivatives products, including both exchange traded derivatives and OTC derivatives. These undertakings would not have the effect of requiring TMX to move any existing businesses to Montreal, nor would they restrict Maple from developing and investing in derivatives opportunities, including for fixed income derivatives, in jurisdictions outside Montreal if that makes sense at some point in the future. With respect to paragraphs 19, 20 and 21 (now paragraphs 18, 19 and 20), Maple is undertaking that if it establishes an exchange or clearing house in Canada (or participates in a joint venture or partnership) for trading or clearing derivatives that are presently over-the-counter derivatives, the head and executive office of that exchange or clearing house (or the principal Maple business unit that manages Maple's interest in that joint venture or partnership) will be in Montreal, the senior management responsible for overseeing operating plans and budgets, and development and execution of policy and direction, for that exchange or clearing house (or the principal Maple business unit that manages Maple's interest in that joint venture or partnership), will be in Montreal, and the most senior officer will be a resident of Quebec. With respect to over-the-counter derivatives, the application of these undertakings is limited to recognized exchanges and clearing houses in Canada (or participation in a joint venture or partnership) for over-the-counter derivatives. For the sake of clarity, since the undertakings are made by Maple, the undertakings do not prevent any investor in Maple from trading any derivatives or related products, including over-the-counter derivatives, through facilities not owned by Maple or its subsidiaries. With respect to our discussions regarding the application of the undertakings to "fixed income transactions", reference to this term was added because CDCC currently clears transactions that are not "derivatives" within the ordinary meaning of that term, and the AMF wanted to ensure that the undertaking covered clearing of repurchase transactions (aka repos) and clearing of trades involving securities that are eligible for repurchase transactions. Following discussion with AMF staff, we have revised the AMF undertakings to clarify that only these transactions are covered by the undertakings, by referencing only the clearing of fixed income transactions in paragraph 30(c)(ii) (now paragraph 29(c)(ii)) and more clearly defining the term fixed income transactions in footnote 1. A revised draft of the undertakings, blacklined to the version previously circulated to you, has been provided to you for your reference. Except for (i) the clearing through CDCC of trades in derivatives that are exchange traded on MX, (ii) the clearing through CDCC of trades for fixed income transactions or other securities that are intended to be cleared through the central counterparty facility of CDCC, and (iii) a clearing house subject to paragraphs 19, 20 and 21 (now paragraphs 18, 19 and 20), the undertakings do not limit or restrict the location in which Maple or its affiliated entities conduct or manage business related to back office or post-trade processing of trades, including collateral management; and, for greater certainty, are not intended to transfer or diminish CDS' current cash markets clearing, settlement and depository functions. In addition, for the sake of clarity, since the undertakings are made by Maple, the undertakings do not prevent any investor in Maple from trading and/or clearing any fixed income securities through facilities not owned by Maple or its subsidiaries. Finally, Maple confirms that management of TMX Group have considered these undertakings from the perspective of TMX's businesses. They are comfortable with these undertakings and believe they are consistent with TMX's current business plans and would not negatively impact TMX's ability to conduct its current or future businesses in the public interest. We hope the foregoing is helpful. Yours very truly, Luc Bertrand on behalf of Maple Group Acquisition Corporation Mario Albert Mark Wang British Columbia Securities Commission Tom Graham Alberta Securities Commission Susan Greenglass IN THE MATTER OF MOAG COPPER GOLD RESOURCES INC., GARY BROWN and BRADLEY JONES WHEREAS on June 7, 2019, the Ontario Securities Commission held a hearing at the offices of the Commission, located at 20 Queen Street West, 17th Floor, Toronto, Ontario; ON HEARING the submissions of the representatives for Staff of the Commission, and Bradley Jones, appearing in person, and Gary Brown, participating by telephone, and of Peter Cooper, participating by telephone on behalf of MOAG Copper Gold Resources Inc.; 1. each Respondent shall serve on every other party a summary of each witness's anticipated evidence by no later than June 28, 2019; 2. each Respondent shall file a completed E-hearing Checklist for the Hearing on the Merits by no later than July 3, 2019; 3. each party shall serve on every other party a hearing brief containing copies of the documents, and identifying the other things, that the party intends to produce or enter as evidence at the joint merits and sanctions hearing, by September 25, 2019; 4. each party shall provide to the Registrar a copy of an index to the party's hearing brief by September 30, 2019; 5. the final interlocutory attendance is scheduled for 1:00 p.m. on October 4, 2019, or on such other date and time as may be agreed by the parties and set by the Office of the Secretary; 6. each party shall provide to the Registrar the electronic documents that the party intends to rely on or enter into evidence at the joint merits and sanctions hearing, along with an index file, in accordance with the Protocol for E-hearings, by October 30, 2019; and 7. the joint merits and sanctions hearing shall commence at 10:00 a.m. on November 4, 2019 and continue on November 5, 6, 8, 11, 12, 13 and 14, 2019 at 10:00 a.m. on each day, or on such other dates and times as may be agreed by the parties and set by the Office of the Secretary. Refinitiv Multilateral Trading Facility -- s. 147 Application for a Variation Order to extend the Interim Order that a multilateral trading facility authorized by the United Kingdom Financial Conduct Authority is exempt from the requirement to register as an exchange in Ontario -- requested order granted. Securities Act, R.S.O. 1990, c. S.5 as am., s. 144. IN THE MATTER OF THE SECURITIES ACT, R.S.O. 1990, CHAPTER S.5, AS AMENDED ("THE ACT"), AND IN THE MATTER OF REFINITIV MULTILATERAL TRADING FACILITY WHEREAS Refinitiv Transaction Services Limited (RTSL) has filed an application on behalf of the Refinitiv Multilateral Trading Facility (the Facility or MTF), formerly known as the Thomson Reuters Multilateral Trading Facility, dated March 20, 2018 (Application) with the Ontario Securities Commission (Commission); AND WHEREAS the application dated March 20, 2018 requested an interim order pursuant to section 147 of the Act requesting exemption of the Facility from the requirement to be recognized as an exchange under subsection 21(1) of the Act (Order); AND WHEREAS the MTF has participants and intends to have participants located in Ontario; AND WHEREAS a multilateral trading facility allowing access to Ontario participants is considered by the Ontario Securities Commission (Commission) to be carrying on business as an exchange in Ontario; AND WHEREAS the Commission has issued an interim order dated August 17, 2018 pursuant to section 147 of the Act exempting the MTF from the requirement to be recognized as an exchange under section 21(1) of the Act (the Interim Order); AND WHEREAS the Interim Order will terminate on the earlier of (i) August 16, 2019 (ii) the effective date of a subsequent order (Subsequent Order) recognizing the MTF as an exchange under section 21(1) of the Act or exempting it from the requirement to be recognized as an exchange under section 147 of the Act (Termination Date); AND WHEREAS the Applicant filed an application for the Subsequent Order on November 5, 2018; AND WHEREAS there is an intention to migrate the operation of the MTF from RTSL, a U.K.-incorporated entity, to Financial & Risk Transaction Services Ireland Limited (FRTSIL), an Irish-incorporated entity, in light of the United Kingdom's proposed exit from the European Union (Brexit); AND WHEREAS on March 28, 2019 FRTSIL received authorization from the Central Bank of Ireland (CBI), the Irish financial services regulator, as an investment firm with permission to operate a multilateral trading facility in respect of European Economic Area and global clients; AND WHEREAS the Applicant intends to delay the migration of the MTF from RTSL to FRTSIL to the end of the September 2019, in light of uncertainties over Brexit and in order to ensure that appropriate regulatory approvals have been secured before the migration occurs; AND WHEREAS the Applicant informed MTF participants on March 4, 2019 of the Applicant's intention to delay the migration; AND WHEREAS the Commission has determined that it is not prejudicial to the public interest to vary the Interim Order to extend the MTF's interim exemption from the requirement to be recognized as an exchange pursuant to section 21(1) of the Act; IT IS ORDERED, pursuant to section 144 of the Act, that 1. The Interim Order is varied by replacing the reference to "August 16, 2019" on page five with "March 1, 2020"; and 2. The Interim Order is varied by replacing the reference to "the effective date of the Subsequent Order" on page five with "the 90th day after the effective date of the Subsequent Order"; DATED this 7th day of June, 2019. TJM Institutional Services LLC -- s. 38 of the CFA and s. 6.1 of OSC Rule 91-502 Trades in Recognized Options Application to the Commission pursuant to section 38 of the Commodity Futures Act (Ontario) (CFA) for a ruling that the Applicant be exempted from the dealer registration requirement in paragraph 22(1)(a) and the prohibition against trading on non-recognized exchanges in section 33 of the CFA. As an introducing broker, the Applicant will offer the ability to trade in commodity futures contracts and commodity futures options that trade on exchanges located outside of Canada and that are cleared through clearing corporations located outside of Canada to certain of its clients in Ontario who meet the definition of "permitted client" in National Instrument 31-103 Registration Requirements, Exemptions and Ongoing Registrant Obligations. Application to the Director for an exemption, pursuant to section 6.1 of OSC Rule 91-502 Trades in Recognized Options (OSC Rule 91-502) exempting the Applicant and its Representatives from the proficiency requirements in section 3.1 of OSC Rule 91-502 for trades in commodity futures options on exchanges located outside of Canada. Commodity Futures Act, R.S.O. 1990, c. C.20, as am., ss. 22, 33 and 38. Ontario Securities Commission Rule 91-502 Trades in Recognized Options, ss. 3.1 and 6.1. National Instrument 31-103 Registration Requirements, Exemptions and Ongoing Registrant Obligations, s 8.18. IN THE MATTER OF THE COMMODITY FUTURES ACT, R.S.O. 1990, c. C.20, AS AMENDED (the CFA) AND IN THE MATTER OF THE SECURITIES ACT, R.S.O. 1990, c. S.5, AS AMENDED (the OSA) AND IN THE MATTER OF ONTARIO SECURITIES COMMISSION RULE 91-502 TRADES IN RECOGNIZED OPTIONS (Rule 91-502) AND IN THE MATTER OF TJM INSTITUTIONAL SERVICES LLC RULING & EXEMPTION (Section 38 of the CFA and Section 6.1 of Rule 91-502) UPON the application (the Application) of TJM Institutional Services LLC (the Applicant) to the Ontario Securities Commission (the Commission) for: (a) a ruling of the Ontario Securities Commission (the Commission), pursuant to section 38 of the CFA, that the Applicant is not subject to the dealer registration requirements in section 22 of the CFA (the dealer registration requirements in the CFA) or the trading restrictions in section 33 of the CFA (the trading restrictions in the CFA) in connection with trades in commodity futures contracts or commodity futures options that trade on one or more organized exchanges located outside of Canada and cleared through one or more clearing corporations located outside of Canada (Exchange-Traded Futures) on exchanges located outside Canada (Non-Canadian Exchanges) where the Applicant is acting as principal or agent in such trades to, from or on behalf of clients in Ontario who are Permitted Clients (as defined below); (b) a ruling of the Commission, pursuant to section 38 of the CFA, that a Permitted Client is not subject to the dealer registration requirements in the CFA or the trading restrictions in the CFA in connection with trades in Exchange-Traded Futures on Non-Canadian Exchanges, where the Applicant acts in respect of the trades in Exchange-Traded Futures on behalf of the Permitted Client; and (c) a decision of the Director, pursuant to section 6.1 of OSC Rule 91-502 Trades in Recognized Options (Rule 91-502), exempting the Applicant and its salespersons, directors, officers and employees, (the Representatives) from Section 3.1 of Rule 91-502 in connection with trades in Exchange-Traded Futures; AND WHEREAS for the purposes of this ruling and exemption (collectively, the Decision): "CEA" means the United States Commodity Exchange Act; "CFTC" means the United States Commodity Futures Trading Commission; "FINRA" means the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority in the United States; "NI 31-103" means National Instrument 31-103 Registration Requirements, Exemptions and Ongoing Registrant Obligations; "NFA" means the National Futures Association in the United States; "Permitted Client" means a client in Ontario that is a "permitted client" as that term is defined in section 1.1 of NI 31-103; "SEC" means the United States Securities and Exchange Commission; "specified affiliate" has the meaning ascribed to that term in Form 33-109F6 to National Instrument 33-109 Registration Information; (ii) terms used in this Decision that are defined in the Securities Act (Ontario) (OSA), and not otherwise defined in this Decision or in the CFA, shall have the same meaning as in the OSA, unless the context otherwise requires; AND UPON considering the Application and the recommendation of staff of the Commission; AND UPON the Applicant having represented to the Commission and the Director as follows: 1. The Applicant is formed under the laws of Delaware with its head office in Chicago, Illinois. 2. The Applicant engages in the business of execution and introduction for clearing for institutional clients only. 3. The Applicant is wholly owned by its holding company, TJM Holdings, LLC. 4. The Applicant is not a reporting issuer in any jurisdiction in Canada. 5. The Applicant is not registered in any capacity under the CFA or the OSA and does not rely on any exemption from registration in Canada. 6. The Applicant is registered as a futures introducing broker (IB) with the CFTC. 7. The Applicant is a member of the NFA. 8. The Applicant is a member of the Chicago Mercantile Exchange. 9. The Applicant is not in default of securities or commodity futures legislation in any jurisdiction in Canada. The Applicant is in compliance in all material respects with US commodity futures laws. 10. The Applicant solicits and accepts orders for trades in Exchange-Traded Futures and either: (a) introduces them to another broker for execution and clearing or (b) executes (under a sponsored access arrangement) and submits for clearing trades in Exchange-Traded Futures for customers on exchanges globally through affiliated or unaffiliated member firms on other exchanges. 11. Pursuant to its registrations and memberships, the Applicant is authorized to solicit, accept, and execute customer orders, and otherwise act as a futures execution-only broker, in the US. The Applicant is also authorized to solicit and accept customer orders and introduce them to an executing broker registered as a futures commission merchant in the US. Rules of the CFTC and NFA require the Applicant to maintain adequate capital levels, make and keep specified types of records relating to customer accounts and transactions including confirmations and statements, and comply with other forms of customer protection rules including rules respecting: know-your-customer obligations, account opening requirements, suitability requirements, anti-money laundering checks and best execution. These rules do not permit the Applicant to treat Permitted Clients materially differently from the Applicant's US customers. In respect of Exchange-Traded Futures, the Applicant does not provide clearing services nor is it authorised to receive or hold client money in any jurisdiction. 12. The Applicant proposes to offer certain of its Permitted Clients in Ontario the ability to trade in Exchange-Traded Futures through the Applicant, in its role as introducing broker. 13. The Applicant will solicit and accept orders for trades in Exchange-Traded Futures on behalf of Permitted Clients in Ontario in the same manner that it solicits and accepts orders for Exchange-Traded Futures on behalf of its US clients, all of which are "Eligible Contract Participants" as defined in the CEA. The Applicant will follow the same know-your-customer, suitability and order handling procedures that it follows in respect of its US clients. Permitted Clients will be afforded the benefits of compliance by the Applicant with the statutory and other requirements of applicable securities and commodity futures regulators, self-regulatory organizations and exchanges located in the US. Permitted Clients in Ontario will have the same contractual rights against the Applicant as US clients of the Applicant. 14. The Applicant will not maintain an office, sales force or physical place of business in Ontario. 15. The Applicant will solicit and accept orders for trades in Exchange-Traded Futures in Ontario only from persons who qualify as Permitted Clients. 16. The Applicant will only offer Permitted Clients in Ontario the ability to effect trades in Exchange-Traded Futures on Non-Canadian Exchanges. 17. The Exchange-Traded Futures to be traded by Permitted Clients will include, but will not be limited to, Exchange-Traded Futures for interest rate, energy, currency, agricultural and other commodity products. 18. Permitted Clients of the Applicant in Ontario will be able to trade Exchange-Traded Futures through the Applicant by communicating with the Applicant's authorized Representatives or via the Applicant's proprietary electronic order routing system. Permitted Clients may also be able to self-execute trades in Exchange-Traded Futures electronically via an independent service vendor and/or other electronic trading order routing systems. 19. The Applicant may execute a customer's order on the relevant Non-Canadian Exchange in accordance with the rules and customary practices of the exchange, or engage an executing broker registered as a futures commission merchant to assist in the execution of orders. The Applicant will remain responsible for all executions. As the Applicant will only perform the execution of a Permitted Client's contract order and "give-up" the transaction for clearance to the Permitted Client's carrying broker or clearing broker (each, a Clearing Broker), such broker will also be required to comply with any relevant regulatory requirements, including requirements under the CFA as applicable. Each Clearing Broker will represent to the Applicant in an industry standard give-up agreement that it will perform its obligations in accordance with applicable laws, governmental, regulatory, self-regulatory, exchange and clearing house rules and the customs and usages of the exchange or clearing house on which the relevant Permitted Client's orders will be executed and/or cleared. The Applicant will not enter into a give-up agreement with any carrying broker or clearing broker located in the US unless such broker is registered with the CFTC and the US Securities and Exchange Commission. 20. As is customary for all trades in Exchange-Traded Futures, a clearing corporation appointed by the exchange or clearing division of the exchange is substituted as a universal counterparty on all trades in Exchange-Traded Futures and Permitted Client orders submitted to the exchange in the name of the Clearing Broker or the Applicant or, on exchanges where the Applicant is not a member, in the name of another carrying broker. The Permitted Client of the Applicant is responsible to the Clearing Broker for payment of daily mark-to-market variation margin and/or proper margin to carry open positions and the Clearing Broker is in turn responsible to the clearing corporation/division for payment. 21. Permitted Clients will pay commissions for trades to the Applicant for its role as introducing broker and Permitted Clients shall be responsible to pay any commissions to their Clearing Broker directly, if applicable. 22. The trading restrictions in the CFA apply unless, among other things, an Exchange-Traded Future is traded on a recognized or registered commodity futures exchange and the form of the contract is approved by the Director. To date, no Non-Canadian Exchanges have been recognized or registered under the CFA. 23. If the Applicant were registered under the CFA as a "futures commission merchant", it could rely upon certain exemptions from the trading restrictions in the CFA to effect trades in Exchange-Traded Futures to be entered into on certain Non-Canadian Exchanges. 24. Section 3.1 of Rule 91-502 states that any person who trades as agent in, or gives advice in respect of, a recognized option as defined in section 1.1 of Rule 91-502 is required to successfully complete the Canadian Options Course (which has been replaced by the Derivatives Fundamentals Course and the Options Licensing Course). 25. All Representatives of the Applicant who trade commodity futures and options in the U.S. have passed the National Commodity Futures Examination (Series 3) being the relevant futures and options proficiency examination, administered by FINRA. AND UPON the Commission and the Director being satisfied that it would not be prejudicial to the public interest to do so; IT IS RULED, pursuant to section 38 of the CFA, that the Applicant is not subject to the dealer registration requirement in the CFA or the trading restrictions in the CFA in connection with trades in Exchange-Traded Futures on Non-Canadian Exchanges where the Applicant is acting as principal or agent in such trades to, from or on behalf of Permitted Clients provided that: (a) each client effecting trades in Exchange-Traded Futures is a Permitted Client; (b) the executing broker and the clearing broker have each represented and covenanted to the Applicant, and the Applicant has taken reasonable steps to verify, that the broker is or will be appropriately registered under the CFA, or has been granted exemptive relief from registration under the CFA, in connection with the Permitted Client effecting trades in Exchange-Traded Futures; (c) the Applicant only introduces and/or executes and submits for clearing trades in Exchange-Traded Futures for Permitted Clients on Non-Canadian Exchanges; (d) at the time trading activity is engaged, the Applicant: (i) has its head office or principal place of business in the US; (ii) is registered as an IB with the CFTC; (iii) is a member of the NFA; and (iv) engages in the business of an IB in Exchange-Traded Futures in the US; (e) the Applicant has provided to the Permitted Client the following disclosure in writing: (i) a statement that the Applicant is not registered in Ontario to trade in Exchange-Traded Futures as principal or agent; (ii) a statement specifying the location of the Applicant's head office or principal place of business; (iii) a statement that all or substantially all of the Applicant's assets may be situated outside of Canada; (iv) a statement that there may be difficulty enforcing legal rights against the Applicant because of the above; and (v) the name and address of the Applicant's agent for service of process in Ontario; (f) the Applicant has submitted to the Commission a completed Submission to Jurisdiction and Appointment of Agent for Service in the form attached as Appendix A; (g) the Applicant notifies the Commission of any regulatory action initiated after the date of this ruling in respect of the Applicant, or any predecessors or specified affiliates of the Applicant, by completing and filing with the Commission Appendix B hereto within ten days of the commencement of any such action; provided that, the Applicant may satisfy this condition by filing with the Commission (A) a copy of any notice filed by the Applicant pursuant to CFTC Regulation 1.12(k), (l) or (m) at the same time such notice is filed with the CFTC and the NFA, and (B) on a quarterly basis, (1) a copy of the regulatory actions appearing on the Applicant's NFA Background Affiliation Status Information Center (BASIC) page and (2) a copy of any disclosures that would be required to be reported by the Applicant in the Regulatory Disclosures section of the Applicant's Annual Registration Update to the NFA; (h) if the Applicant does not rely on the international dealer exemption in section 8.18 of NI 31-103 (the IDE), by December 31st of each year, the Applicant pays a participation fee based on its specified Ontario revenues for its previous financial year in compliance with the requirements of Part 3 and section 6.4 of OSC Rule 13-502 Fees, as if the Applicant relied on the IDE; (i) by December 1st of each year, the Applicant notifies the Commission of its continued reliance on the exemption from the dealer registration requirement granted pursuant to this Decision; and This Decision will terminate on the earliest of: (i) the expiry of any such transition period as may be provided by law, after the effective date of the repeal of the CFA; (ii) six months, or such other such transition period as provided by law, after the coming into force of any amendments to Ontario commodity futures law or Ontario securities law (as defined in the OSA) that affects the dealer registration requirements in the CFA or the trading restrictions in the CFA; and (iii) five years after the date hereof. AND IT IS FURTHER RULED, pursuant to section 38 of the CFA, that a Permitted Client is not subject to the dealer registration requirements in the CFA or the trading restrictions in the CFA in connection with trades in Exchange-Traded Futures on Non-Canadian Exchanges where the Applicant acts in connection with trades in Exchange-Traded Futures on behalf of the Permitted Clients pursuant to the above ruling. "Cecilia Williams" IT IS THE DECISION of the Director, pursuant to section 6.1 of Rule 91-502, that section 3.1 of Rule 91-502 does not apply to the Applicant and its Representatives in respect of trades in Exchange-Traded Futures, provided that: (a) the Applicant and its Representatives maintain their respective registrations with the CFTC and membership with the NFA which permit them to trade commodity futures options in the United States; and (b) This Decision will terminate on the earliest of: (ii) six months, or such other transition period as may be provided by law, after the coming into force of any amendment to Ontario commodity futures law (as defined in the CFA) or Ontario securities law (as defined in the OSA) that affects the dealer registration requirement in the CFA or the trading restrictions in the CFA; and (iii) five years after the date of this Decision. "Felicia Tedesco" APPENDIX "A" SUBMISSION TO JURISDICTION AND APPOINTMENT OF AGENT FOR SERVICE INTERNATIONAL DEALER OR INTERNATIONAL ADVISER EXEMPTED FROM REGISTRATION UNDER THE COMMODITY FUTURES ACT, ONTARIO 1. Name of person or company ("International Firm"): 2. If the International Firm was previously assigned an NRD number as a registered firm or an unregistered exempt international firm, provide the NRD number of the firm: 3. Jurisdiction of incorporation of the International Firm: 4. Head office address of the International Firm: 5. The name, e-mail address, phone number and fax number of the International Firm's individual(s) responsible for the supervisory procedure of the International Firm, its chief compliance officer, or equivalent. 6. The International Firm is relying on an exemption order under section 38 or section 80 of the Commodity Futures Act (Ontario) that is similar to the following exemption in National Instrument 31-103 Registration Requirements, Exemptions and Ongoing Registrant Obligations (the "Relief Order"): [ ] Section 8.18 [international dealer] [ ] Section 8.26 [international adviser] [ ] Other [specify]: 7. Name of agent for service of process (the "Agent for Service"): 8. Address for service of process on the Agent for Service: 9. The International Firm designates and appoints the Agent for Service at the address stated above as its agent upon whom may be served a notice, pleading, subpoena, summons or other process in any action, investigation or administrative, criminal, quasi-criminal or other proceeding (a "Proceeding") arising out of or relating to or concerning the International Firm's activities in the local jurisdiction and irrevocably waives any right to raise as a defence in any such proceeding any alleged lack of jurisdiction to bring such Proceeding. 10. The International Firm irrevocably and unconditionally submits to the non-exclusive jurisdiction of the judicial, quasi-judicial and administrative tribunals of the local jurisdiction in any Proceeding arising out of or related to or concerning the International Firm's activities in the local jurisdiction. 11. Until 6 years after the International Firm ceases to rely on the Relief Order, the International Firm must submit to the regulator a. a new Submission to Jurisdiction and Appointment of Agent for Service in this form no later than the 30th day before the date this Submission to Jurisdiction and Appointment of Agent for Service is terminated; b. an amended Submission to Jurisdiction and Appointment of Agent for Service no later than the 30th day before any change in the name or above address of the Agent for Service; c. a notice detailing a change to any information submitted in this form, other than the name or above address of the Agent for Service, no later than the 30th day after the change. 12. This Submission to Jurisdiction and Appointment of Agent for Service is governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the local jurisdiction. Dated: ____________________ (Signature of the International Firm or authorized signatory) (Name of signatory) (Title of signatory) The undersigned accepts the appointment as Agent for Service of _______________ [Insert name of International Firm] under the terms and conditions of the foregoing Submission to Jurisdiction and Appointment of Agent for Service. (Signature of the Agent for Service or authorized signatory) This form, and notice of a change to any information submitted in this form, is to be submitted through the Ontario Securities Commission's Electronic Filing Portal: https://www.osc.gov.on.ca/filings APPENDIX "B" NOTICE OF REGULATORY ACTION 1. Has the firm, or any predecessors or specified affiliates{1} of the firm entered into a settlement agreement with any financial services regulator, securities or derivatives exchange, SRO or similar agreement with any financial services regulator, securities or derivatives exchange, SRO or similar organization? Yes _____ No _____ If yes, provide the following information for each settlement agreement: - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Name of entity Regulator/organization Date of settlement (yyyy/mm/dd) Details of settlement 2. Has any financial services regulator, securities or derivatives exchange, SRO or similar organization: Determined that the firm, or any predecessors or specified affiliates of the firm violated any securities regulations or any rules of a securities or derivatives exchange, SRO or similar organization? Determined that the firm, or any predecessors or specified affiliates of the firm made a false statement or omission? Issued a warning or requested an undertaking by the firm, or any predecessors or specified affiliates of the firm? Suspended or terminated any registration, licensing or membership of the firm, or any predecessors or specified affiliates of the firm? Imposed terms or conditions on any registration or membership of the firm, or predecessors or specified affiliates of the firm? Conducted a proceeding or investigation involving the firm, or any predecessors or specified affiliates of the firm? Issued an order (other than an exemption order) or a sanction to the firm, or any predecessors or specified affiliates of the firm for securities or derivatives-related activity (e.g. cease trade order)? If yes, provide the following information for each action: Type of action Date of action (yyyy/mm/dd) Reason for action 3. Is the firm aware of any ongoing investigation of which the firm or any of its specified affiliates is the subject? If yes, provide the following information for each investigation: Reason or purpose of investigation Date investigation commenced (yyyy/mm/dd) Name of firm: Name of firm's authorized signing officer or partner Title of firm's authorized signing officer or partner Date (yyyy/mm/dd) The witness must be a lawyer, notary public or commissioner of oaths. Name of witness Title of witness This form is to be submitted through the Ontario Securities Commission's Electronic Filing Portal: {1} In this Appendix, the term "specified affiliate" has the meaning ascribed to that term in Form 33-109F6 to National Instrument 33-109 Registration Information. TD Securities Inc. -- s. 38(1) of the CFA Application for a ruling pursuant to section 38 of the Commodity Futures Act granting relief from the dealer registration requirement in section 22 of the CFA to allow the Filer, an investment dealer and member of the Investment Industry Regulatory Organization of Canada (IIROC), to use employees of a Designated Foreign Affiliate of the Filer for "after-hours trading" in commodity futures contracts and commodity futures options on the Bourse de Montréal Inc. -- Relief granted, subject to terms and conditions. Commodity Futures Act, R.S.O. 1990, c. C. 20. as am., ss. 22(1) and 38(1). IN THE MATTER OF THE COMMODITY FUTURES ACT, R.S.O. 1990, c. C. 20, AS AMENDED (the CFA) AND IN THE MATTER OF TD SECURITIES INC. (the Filer) RULING (Subsection 38(1) of the CFA) UPON the application (the Application) of the Filer to the Ontario Securities Commission (the Commission) for a ruling of the Commission, pursuant to subsection 38(1) of the CFA, that the Designated Foreign Affiliate Employees (as defined below) of the Filer are not subject to the dealer registration requirement in the CFA when conducting Extended Hours Activities (as defined below) on the Bourse de Montréal Inc. (the MX), subject to the terms and conditions set out below (the Exemption Sought). AND WHEREAS for the purposes of this ruling (the Decision): "dealer registration requirement in the CFA" means the provisions of section 22 of the CFA that prohibit a person or company from trading in commodity futures contracts or commodity futures options (as those terms are defined in subsection 1(1) of the CFA) unless the person or company satisfies the applicable provisions of subsection 22(1)(a) of the CFA; (ii) terms used in this Decision that are defined in the Securities Act (Ontario) (OSA), and not otherwise defined in this Decision or in the CFA, shall have the same meaning as in the OSA, unless the context otherwise requires. AND UPON considering the Application and the recommendation of staff of the Commission. AND UPON the Filer having represented to the Commission and the Director as follows: Application of the dealer registration requirement in the CFA to Designated Foreign Affiliate Employees 13. The dealer registration requirement in the CFA requires an individual to be registered to act as a dealing representative on behalf of a registered firm. The Exemption Sought is intended to provide the Filer with an exemption from (i) the requirement that the Filer use only registered dealing representatives to conduct the Extended Hours Activities; and (ii) the requirement that the Designated Foreign Affiliate Employees who will be conducting the Extended Hours Activities be registered as dealing representatives of the Filer. 14. The Filer seeks an exemption from the dealer registration requirement in the CFA because, in the absence of such exemption, each Designated Foreign Affiliate Employee who was to trade on behalf of the Filer would be required to become individually registered and licensed in Canada. The Filer believes this is duplicative since the Designated Foreign Affiliate Employees are certified under applicable United Kingdom law and will be supervised by the Filer's Designated Supervisors (as defined below) and are otherwise subject to the conditions set forth below. The Filer believes the dealer registration requirement in the CFA is unduly onerous in light of the limited trading activities the Designated Foreign Affiliate Employees will be conducting and only during the period from 2:00 a.m. ET to 6:00 a.m. ET. i. the Filer's client accounts would continue to be carried on the books of the Filer; ii. all communications with the Filer's clients will continue to be in the name of the Filer; and iii. the Filer's client account monies, security and property will continue to be held by the Filer. IT IS RULED pursuant to subsection 38(1) of the CFA that the Exemption Sought is granted, so long as: Chapter 3 -- Reasons: Decisions, Orders and Rulings REASONS AND DECISION ON A MOTION Citation: BDO Canada LLP (Re), 2019 ONSEC 21 Hearing: Panel: Timothy Moseley Vice-Chair and Chair of the Panel For the moving party BDO Canada LLP Eric Leinveer Robert L. Gain For Staff of the Commission Anna Huculak Fraud at Crystal Wealth Allegations against BDO BDO's motion for further disclosure What is the extent of Staff's disclosure obligation in an enforcement proceeding? The disclosure obligation generally Is "Staff work product" an exception to the disclosure obligation? By disclosing some documents that relate to an event or an issue, can Staff be taken to have conceded that it must disclose all documents relating to that event or issue? Should Staff be required to disclose the contents of Staff's files relating to the OSC Compliance Reviews? Information reasonably available from Crystal Wealth Overlap between BDO's audits and the Compliance Reviews Staff's actions in connection with the Compliance Reviews Conclusion about the Compliance Reviews generally If Staff's disclosure obligation does extend to include the file contents of the OSC Compliance Reviews, what steps if any should Staff be required to take with respect to BCSC Staff's files relating to the BCSC Compliance Reviews? Should Staff be required to disclose documents that pre-date January 1, 2012? REASONS AND DECISION I. OVERVIEW [1] Staff of the Ontario Securities Commission (Staff of the Commission) alleges that BDO Canada LLP (BDO), in conducting audits relating to Crystal Wealth Management Systems Limited (Crystal Wealth), breached certain provisions of the Securities Act{1} (the Act). [2] The proceeding against BDO is in its early stages. Staff has made disclosure to BDO of documents and information in Staff's possession relating to the allegations. BDO submits that the disclosure it has received is inadequate. BDO has brought this motion seeking an order of the Commission requiring Staff to make further disclosure. In particular, BDO seeks disclosure of files relating to compliance reviews of Crystal Wealth (the Compliance Reviews) conducted by Staff and by staff of the British Columbia Securities Commission (BCSC Staff). BDO also objects to Staff's decision not to disclose documents that pre-date January 1, 2012 (three years before the effective date of the earlier of the two impugned audits). [3] The motion was heard on May 3, 2019. On May 7, 2019, I issued an order dismissing the motion for reasons to follow. These are my reasons. [4] As I explain more fully below, for BDO to be entitled to an order requiring disclosure of any further documents or information regarding the Compliance Reviews, BDO would have to demonstrate a sufficient connection between the allegations against it and the Compliance Reviews. BDO has failed to do so. BDO also failed to articulate a basis for an order requiring disclosure of documents that pre-date January 1, 2012. II. BACKGROUND A. Fraud at Crystal Wealth [5] Staff previously brought an enforcement proceeding against Clayton Smith, who was the founder and directing mind of Crystal Wealth and of the investment funds managed by Crystal Wealth (the Funds). In a settlement of that proceeding,{2} Smith admitted that from 2012 to 2017, he and Crystal Wealth committed various breaches of Ontario securities law, including by engaging in fraud with respect to two of the Funds. Specifically, Smith agreed that he had caused monies to be advanced from the two funds, purportedly to purchase investments for the funds, but instead the monies went to Smith, to Smith's holding company, or to a related company. [6] In April 2017, the Ontario Superior Court of Justice granted the Commission's application to appoint a receiver over Crystal Wealth, the Funds, and Smith (among other entities).{3} B. Allegations against BDO [7] Following the settlement with Smith, Staff commenced this proceeding against BDO. In this proceeding, Staff alleges that from 1998 to 2017, BDO was the auditor of Crystal Wealth and of the Funds. Staff also alleges that with respect to the audits of the Funds as at and for the years ended December 31, 2014, and December 31, 2015, BDO falsely represented to the Funds' unitholders that it had performed the audits in accordance with Canadian generally accepted auditing standards (GAAS). [8] Staff contends that BDO failed to comply with GAAS in three ways: a. BDO did not obtain sufficient appropriate audit evidence with respect to the Funds' assets; b. BDO did not undertake its work with sufficient professional skepticism; and c. BDO did not complete the engagement quality control reviews that it had determined were required. [9] Staff alleges that as a result, BDO breached: a. subsection 78(3) of the Act, which requires the auditor of a mutual fund to "make such examinations as will enable the auditor to make the [required] report"; and b. clause 122(1)(b) of the Act, which prohibits the making of a materially misleading or untrue statement in a financial statement required to be filed or furnished under Ontario securities law. C. BDO's motion for further disclosure [10] Following a first appearance on October 29, 2018, the Commission ordered that by November 9, 2018, Staff disclose to BDO any "non-privileged relevant documents and things" in Staff's possession or control. Staff took steps to comply with that requirement. [11] On February 19, 2019, BDO filed this motion, by which it seeks additional disclosure from Staff. BDO's concerns fall into three categories: a. First, BDO contends that there were various technical issues with certain electronic disclosure that Staff had made, and that as a result BDO was prevented from carrying out a proper review of that disclosure. At the hearing of this motion on May 3, 2019, the parties agreed that the technical issues had been resolved. b. Second, BDO asks that the Commission require Staff to disclose to BDO all documents and things in Staff's possession or control relating to: i. compliance reviews of Crystal Wealth and its Funds commenced by Staff in 2011 and 2014 (the OSC Compliance Reviews); ii. compliance reviews of Crystal Wealth commenced by staff of the British Columbia Securities Commission (the BCSC) in 2013 and 2015 (the BCSC Compliance Reviews);{4} and iii. "any and all other compliance reviews or investigations conducted by OSC or BCSC Staff of Crystal Wealth or its representatives". c. Third, BDO objects to Staff's decision not to disclose any documents that pre-date January 1, 2012. III. ANALYSIS A. Issues [12] This motion presents the following issues: a. What is the extent of Staff's disclosure obligation in an enforcement proceeding? b. Should Staff be required to disclose the contents of Staff's files relating to the OSC Compliance Reviews? c. If Staff's disclosure obligation does extend to include the file contents of the OSC Compliance Reviews, what steps if any should Staff be required to take with respect to BCSC Staff's files relating to the BCSC Compliance Reviews? d. Should Staff be required to disclose documents that pre-date January 1, 2012? B. What is the extent of Staff's disclosure obligation in an enforcement proceeding? 1. The disclosure obligation generally [13] Rule 27(1) of the Ontario Securities Commission Rules of Procedure and Forms{5} (OSC Rules) requires Staff to provide to every other party "copies of all non-privileged documents in Staff's possession that are relevant to an allegation". This rule embodies a disclosure standard similar to that imposed on the Crown in criminal proceedings by R v Stinchcombe.{6} [14] Staff must initially assess which non-privileged documents it considers to be relevant to an allegation. In exercising that judgment, which is later reviewable by the Commission, Staff must: a. include not only documents on which Staff intends to rely, but also documents that might reasonably assist a respondent in making full answer and defence to Staff's allegations, including by helping the respondent make tactical decisions; b. assess the relevance of documents in the context of the specific allegations being made by Staff; c. reasonably anticipate defences or issues that a respondent might properly raise, in order to inform Staff's assessment of relevance; d. include both inculpatory and exculpatory documents; and e. err on the side of inclusion.{7} [15] BDO submitted, Staff conceded, and I agree, that the confines of disclosure are not conclusively dictated by Staff's view of the case. A respondent may review the disclosure it receives and consider whether the disclosure appears to be complete. If a respondent believes that it is not, the respondent may request further disclosure from Staff, and if still not satisfied may seek the necessary order from the Commission. [16] A respondent's belief that the disclosure provided is incomplete could arise for varying reasons, including for example where the respondent contemplates a defence that Staff did not foresee, despite Staff's reasonable efforts to anticipate potential defences. Following initial disclosure, therefore, the burden lies on the respondent to articulate a basis for requesting further disclosure. [17] While Staff's disclosure obligation is broad, the obligation is not unlimited. Relevance ultimately depends on there being a sufficient connection between the document in question and the respondent's ability to make full answer and defence to Staff's allegations. [18] BDO argued strenuously that on a motion such as this, the Commission is not to make an admissibility ruling as if this were the merits hearing at which Staff's allegations were being litigated. I agree, but while relevance for the purpose of disclosure may be more expansive than admissibility at a hearing, there are still limits, in that relevance is determined with reference to the specific allegations. [19] BDO further submitted that Staff's disclosure obligation extends beyond those documents that are relevant, to documents that might possibly be relevant. However, Rule 27(1) of the OSC Rules explicitly imposes the standard of "relevant to an allegation", and nothing broader. In my view, the approach set out in paragraph [14] above, which incorporates a reasonableness standard as well as the obligation to err on the side of inclusion, accurately reflects Rule 27(1) and the applicable authorities, and adequately responds to BDO's submission on this point. 2. Is "Staff work product" an exception to the disclosure obligation? [20] Staff's written submissions refer to a category of documents and information it calls "Staff Work Product", that Staff submits need not be disclosed because those documents and information are irrelevant. In its written submissions, Staff includes within this category the following: a. internal Staff notes, analyses or communications; b. guidance to Staff field team reviewers in respect of the OSC Compliance Reviews; c. communications between Staff and other regulators; and d. other similar documents and information. [21] It is true that some documents falling within this category would not generally need to be disclosed. However, in my view, the term "Staff Work Product", as defined by Staff in its written submissions, is overly broad, is imprecise and is not helpful in analyzing the issues that this motion presents. To illustrate the point, it includes internal Staff notes, which may record statements made by a respondent relating directly to the allegations in the case. In addition, or instead, the notes may record a Staff member's opinions about such statements. Those two different types of content should attract different considerations when determining relevance.{8} [22] Accordingly, deciding whether a document ought to be disclosed must involve reference to the document's content. The mere fact that a document is generated by Staff as opposed to gathered by Staff from a third party would not necessarily be determinative of whether the document is relevant and disclosable. Documents gathered by Staff from a third party are sometimes referred to as "fruits of the investigation", although as Staff submitted on this motion, that term might also include Staff's note made of a meeting with a third party. [23] In Phillips (Re),{9} the Commission considered the same issue presented by this motion. There, the Commission defined "Staff work product" more narrowly, as "internally-generated documents evidencing Staff's analysis, commentary, opinion or discussions about commencing proceedings", and held that Staff was not required to disclose "Staff work product" because it was irrelevant to the issues that the Commission would consider at the merits hearing.{10} In oral submissions, Staff counsel adopted a definition that is substantially similar to this narrower characterization. [24] That definition is more helpful, in that it more faithfully reflects the principles involved. However, like "fruits of the investigation", the term "Staff work product" is of limited value across multiple cases, since the boundaries are not always consistently defined. In addition, each of the two categories may, depending on the context of the particular case in which the question arises, contain both relevant and irrelevant documents. Ultimately, any determination as to whether a document must be disclosed will depend on relevance, as discussed at paragraph [14] above. 3. By disclosing some documents that relate to an event or an issue, can Staff be taken to have conceded that it must disclose all documents relating to that event or issue? [25] Before turning to apply the general standard to the facts of this case, I must consider BDO's submission that by initially disclosing some documents that related to or mentioned the Compliance Reviews, Staff should be taken to have conceded that the Compliance Reviews are relevant to the allegations and that the files relating to them must therefore be disclosed in full. [26] BDO offered no authority for this proposition, and I reject it. [27] Staff's obligation to err on the side of inclusion is an important principle that promotes procedural fairness for a respondent. BDO's proposed approach could act as a disincentive for Staff to take an expansive view of relevance, because a choice to disclose one document of borderline relevance might trigger an obligation to make extensive disclosure of irrelevant documents. [28] Furthermore, any given document might have a portion that is clearly relevant to one of Staff's allegations, and a second portion that is irrelevant to the allegations. It would be illogical if the requirement to disclose the document because of the relevance of the first portion created an obligation to disclose documents that are irrelevant but that have a subject in common with the second portion. C. Should Staff be required to disclose the contents of Staff's files relating to the OSC Compliance Reviews? [29] Having established the general rule regarding Staff's obligation to make disclosure, I turn to consideration of the main issue on this motion. Specifically, should Staff be required to disclose the files relating to the OSC Compliance Reviews? [30] BDO's request differs from that more frequently seen on motions of this kind, where respondents want to learn about the investigation that led up to the enforcement proceeding. BDO is not seeking disclosure of documents relating to Staff's investigation of BDO. The requested disclosure is at least two steps removed from that investigation: one step because a compliance review of an entity is, by definition, distinct from the investigation that gives rise to an enforcement proceeding against that entity; and the second step because in the present case, Crystal Wealth, not BDO, was the subject of the Compliance Reviews. 2. Information reasonably available from Crystal Wealth [31] BDO's central submission on this motion is that the Compliance Reviews are "integral to BDO's defence as [they] will provide crucial insight into the information that was reasonably available from the Crystal Wealth Entities during the relevant period".{11} [32] I do not accept that submission, for two reasons. [33] First, I see nothing in the Statement of Allegations that raises the question of what "was reasonably available from" Crystal Wealth and the Funds. Of the three allegations against BDO in this proceeding, set out in paragraph [8] above, the only one that has any apparent connection to the quantity of information obtained is the first; i.e., whether the audit evidence that BDO did obtain was sufficient to comply with GAAS. However, apart from suggesting that such information would provide "context" (a suggestion I did not find persuasive), BDO did not explain why an inquiry into what information was reasonably available to BDO would assist a determination of whether what BDO did obtain was adequate. Absent a concrete explanation, and an ability for Staff to respond, it is not for me to speculate. [34] Second, even if an inquiry into what was reasonably available to BDO from Crystal Wealth were a proper component of Staff's case against BDO, it is not apparent to me, and BDO did not explain, how Staff's experience in requesting information from Crystal Wealth might assist. Staff conducts compliance reviews pursuant to the statutory authority found in section 20 of the Act, and in conducting those reviews is empowered to enter a registered firm's premises, and to examine and make copies of the firm's books, records and documents. An auditor's ability to obtain and review information serves a different purpose, derives from a different source, has a different scope, is subject to different limitations, involves different considerations by the entity seeking information, and leads to different outcomes if difficulties are encountered. All of those differences would prompt different considerations by Crystal Wealth or its principals in responding to requests for information. In my view, the distinctions are numerous and fundamental, and any connection there might be is too tenuous to establish the necessary degree of relevance. 3. Overlap between BDO's audits and the Compliance Reviews [35] BDO seeks to strengthen the connection between its audit work and the work underlying the Compliance Reviews, by submitting that the Compliance Reviews were "regarding many of the same issues underlying Staff's current allegations against BDO",{12} and that Staff was "engaged in a substantially similar exercise to the audits conducted by BDO."{13} [36] Staff disagrees. In response, Staff submits that a compliance review is primarily an operational review to assess a registered firm's compliance with Ontario securities law. A compliance review extends to such things as supervision, marketing, disclosure of fees and commissions, and responses to previously identified compliance deficiencies. While Staff will typically review the firm's financial statements to assess the firm's financial condition and its compliance with capital requirements, a compliance review is not, and does not include, an audit of the firm's financial statements; nor does it provide any assurance about those statements. [37] I prefer Staff's submission. BDO and Staff were engaged in very different exercises. [38] BDO submits, and I agree, that an evaluation of its compliance with GAAS would necessarily include consideration of its assessment as to Crystal Wealth's compliance with GAAP, since that is an essential component of an audit. It is also true that Staff, when conducting a compliance review, would likely do some work to assess compliance with GAAP, in order to support a conclusion as to the firms' compliance with capital requirements, for example. [39] However, the fact that BDO's audits considered some of the same things that Staff looked at in the Compliance Reviews does not establish that access to the Compliance Review files might assist BDO in defending the allegation that BDO failed to comply with GAAS. According to the Statement of Allegations, the standard against which BDO will be measured is GAAS, not the manner in which Staff discharged a very different, and much broader, obligation. [40] At the hearing of this motion, BDO suggested other potential defences that it might assert: "that even a nominal defect [in the audits] would have had no impact on GAAP; that the context was such that the audits were, in the ultimate conclusion, absolutely correct; that there was no harm to the public or to investors; and that the underlying thrust of all of these allegations is without merit."{14} I fail to see a link between any of these potential defences and the Compliance Reviews. 4. Staff's actions in connection with the Compliance Reviews [41] This absence of a connection is further highlighted by BDO's written submissions: ...BDO is not able to understand the basis upon which OSC and BCSC Staff conducted their reviews, including, critically, the reasons that Staff did not take issue with Crystal Wealth's operations on the same issues which underlay the allegations against BDO. BDO has no insight into any decisions by OSC and BCSC Staff to conclude their reviews without further inquiries or conditions imposed upon Crystal Wealth.{15} [42] Any decision made by Staff as to how to proceed during or following a compliance review is dependent on a number of factors. Many of those factors (e.g., available resources, competing priorities, applicable regulatory standards) are entirely unrelated to the question of whether BDO's audits complied with GAAS. The process of gaining "insight into" Staff's decisions with respect to the Compliance Reviews would be a fishing expedition that the disclosure obligation is not designed to enable, and that process would not assist in determining the sufficiency of the steps that BDO took during the audits. [43] This is consistent with the Commission's decision in Phillips, discussed above in paragraph [23]. The opinion of a non-expert member of Staff would have no probative value before the Commission as to whether BDO complied with GAAS. This would be so even if the Staff member's opinion were squarely on that central issue; i.e., the very issue that the Commission is responsible for deciding. It would be equally if not even more the case if that opinion were with respect to a different issue; e.g., whether the firm was in compliance with its capital requirements. 5. Conclusion about the Compliance Reviews generally [44] BDO's submissions on this motion imagine a more wide-ranging set of allegations than are contained in the Statement of Allegations. Any determination of relevance must be made with reference to the allegations as they are, not as they are imagined to be. At the hearing on the merits, Staff's case will be limited by the boundaries of the Statement of Allegations as drafted. Accordingly, it would be inappropriate to order disclosure based on some broader but non-existent version. [45] Within the confines of the Statement of Allegations as drafted, and for the reasons set out above, I agree with Staff's submission that documents, or portions of documents, that are contained in the Compliance Review files and that reflect Staff's commentary, opinion, analysis, guidance to field review teams, and similar content, are not relevant and need not be disclosed. D. If Staff's disclosure obligation does extend to include the file contents of the OSC Compliance Reviews, what steps if any should Staff be required to take with respect to BCSC Staff's files relating to the BCSC Compliance Reviews? [46] BDO submits that Staff did not take sufficient steps to obtain from BCSC Staff the files relating to the BCSC Compliance Reviews. [47] I have no basis to conclude that the nature or scope of the BCSC Compliance Reviews are distinct from the OSC Compliance Reviews in any way that is related to the issues on this motion. Given my decision that the OSC Compliance Reviews are not relevant to the allegations against BDO and therefore are not subject to disclosure, the same conclusion would apply to the BCSC Compliance Reviews. Therefore, I need not consider the issue of whether Staff should be required to take any steps to obtain the BCSC Compliance Review files. E. Should Staff be required to disclose documents that pre-date January 1, 2012? [48] BDO objects to Staff's decision not to disclose documents dated on or before December 31, 2011. Staff submits that it has erred on the side of inclusion by disclosing documents for the three years preceding each of the impugned audits. For example, while documents created in 2013 are relevant to the audit as at and for the year ending December 31, 2014, it is not clear that documents created in 2012 would be relevant. Nonetheless, Staff has disclosed such documents. [49] Staff drew the line, however, at three years. Absent a reason to believe that any documents created more than three years before the audit date would be relevant, I can see no basis to require disclosure. BDO provides no specific reason; rather, it submits that such documents would provide "relevant context". Without more, that assertion is insufficient for me to conclude that Staff's chosen cut-off date is improper. IV. CONCLUSION [50] For the reasons set out above, I concluded that the Compliance Reviews are not relevant for the purposes of disclosure, and I dismissed BDO's motion. However, some parting comments are necessary with respect to the disclosure that has been made. [51] At the hearing of the motion, Staff advised that it has erred on the side of inclusion and has already disclosed all externally gathered evidence, and all documentation of communications with external third parties. Staff has not disclosed notes of internal meetings or discussions, internal guidance to field team reviewers, internal analyses generated following the Compliance Reviews, or drafts of any of the foregoing. [52] Staff also asserted that it has redacted some information on some documents it has disclosed. These redactions have been made in order to conceal information in a manner consistent with the narrower definition of "Staff work product" referred to in paragraph [23] above. [53] Staff's actions, as described, are consistent with these reasons. However, after hearing these assertions by Staff, BDO's counsel expressed skepticism as to whether Staff had in fact fully complied with Staff's own view of what should be disclosed. Those reservations were based on inferences drawn from references in documents that were disclosed. In response, Staff counsel repeated his belief that Staff had fully complied, but he was unable to be absolutely unequivocal, given that the Staff members involved with this matter have changed over time. [54] I was not directed to any basis upon which I could conclude that Staff has not made the necessary disclosure. I did express orally to Staff at the hearing my view that no matter the outcome of the motion, Staff should double-check the accuracy of Staff counsel's statements and the completeness of Staff's disclosure. If Staff has not yet done so, it should do that promptly, and should communicate with BDO's counsel as necessary. [55] I am grateful for the thorough submissions and able assistance of all counsel on this motion. Dated at Toronto this 6th day of June, 2019. {1} RSO 1990, c S.5 {2} The settlement was approved by the Commission in June of 2018: Clayton Smith (Re), 2018 ONSEC 33 (CanLII) (Smith Settlement) {3} Smith Settlement at para 16 {4} Staff asserts that it is aware of only one compliance review conducted by BCSC Staff. Given my decision on this motion, it was unnecessary for me to resolve the conflict between Staff's assertion and BDO's request. {5} (2017), 40 OSCB 8988 {6} [1991] 3 SCR 326 {7} Deloitte & Touche LLP v Ontario (Securities Commission), (2002) 159 OAC 257, 2002 CanLII 44980, at paras 40, 41 and 44; Biovail Corp. (Re), 2008 ONSEC 14, (2008) 31 OSCB 7161 at paras 15, 32, 40, 41; Shambleau (Re), (2002), 25 OSCB 1850 at para 16; R v Taillefer (2003), [2003] 3 SCR 307 at para 59 {8} The Alberta Securities Commission reached a similar conclusion in Re Fauth, 2017 ABASC 3 at para 55 (Fauth) {9} (2012) 35 OSCB 10957 (Phillips) {10} Phillips at para 34, citing Shambleau v Ontario (Securities Commission), (2003) 26 OSCB 1629, [2003] OJ No 4089 (Div Ct) {11} BDO's written submissions, para 5 {12} BDO's written submissions, para 11 {14} Hearing Transcript, BDO Canada LLP (Re), May 3, 2019, at 32, lines 12-17 Blockchain Power Trust Calyx Ventures Inc. Eight Solutions Inc. Empower Clinics Inc. Gravitas Financial Inc. Montego Resources Inc. Dionymed Brands Inc. Namaste Technologies Inc. TREE OF KNOWLEDGE INTERNATIONAL CORP. Organto Foods Inc. Chapter 9 -- Legislation Bill 100, the Protecting What Matters Most Act (Budget Measures), 2019 Schedule 10 of the Protecting What Matters Most Act (Budget Measures), 2019, (Bill 100) contained two amendments to the Commodity Futures Act (CFA). Schedule 55 of Bill 100 contained several amendments to the Securities Act (OSA). Additional CFA/OSA amendments were contained in Schedules 17 and 25 of Bill 100. Bill 100 received Royal Assent on May 29, 2019 and has become Chapter 7 of the Statutes of Ontario, 2019. Schedules 10, 17, 25 and 55 may be viewed on the Ontario Legislative Assembly's website at www.ola.org/en/legislative-business/bills. The text of these schedules is also reflected in the consolidated versions of the of the CFA and the OSA on the Ontario e-laws website at www.ontario.ca/laws. An explanation of these amendments is contained below. COMMODITY FUTURES ACT A new principle relating to the facilitation of innovation in Ontario's commodity futures markets was added to subsection 1.1(2) of the CFA. The requirement to include an analysis of the anticipated costs and benefit of a proposed CFA rule was amended to provide that the analysis be of a qualitative and quantitative nature. SECURITIES ACT A new principle relating to the facilitation of innovation in Ontario's capital markets was added to section 2.1 of the OSA. The OSA was amended to provide that subsection 2(2) of the Fines and Forfeitures Act does not apply to fines recovered for certain contraventions of Ontario securities law or Ontario commodity futures law. The requirement to include an analysis of anticipated costs and benefit of a proposed OSA rule was amended to provide that the analysis be of a qualitative and quantitative nature. Two other technical corrections were also made. CROWN LIABILITY AND PROCEEDINGS ACT, 2019 This Schedule replaces the Proceedings Against the Crown Act with the Crown Liability and Proceedings Act, 2019. Consequential CFA/OSA amendments maintain the override of the limit on Crown liability formerly contained in subsections 5(2) and (4) of the replaced Act by instead referencing subsection 8(3) of the new Act. FINANCIAL PROFESSIONALS TITLE ACT CFA/OSA amendments now expressly provide for the Commission's authority to make rules prescribing conditions of registration for registrants in connection with the use of specified titles. Evolve Active Core Fixed Income Fund Evolve Innovation Index Fund Evolve Marijuana Fund Sphere FTSE Emerging Markets Sustainable Yield Index ETF Amended and Restated to Final Long Form Prospectus dated June 4, 2019 Received on June 5, 2019 Middlefield Healthcare & Life Sciences ETF Middlefield REIT INDEXPLUS ETF Principal Regulator -- Alberta (ASC) Middlefield Capital Corporation Middlefield Limited. Amended and Restated to Final Simplified Prospectus dated June 10, 2019 Advanced Education Savings Plan Final Long Form Prospectus dated May 31, 2019 NP 11-202 Receipt dated June 5, 2019 Global RESP Corporation Global Educational Trust Foundation Global Iman Fund Final Simplified Prospectus dated May 30, 2019 Series A and F Units Global Growth Assets Inc. Legacy Education Savings Plan (formerly, Global Educational Trust Plan) Mackenzie Anti-Benchmark Global Investment Grade Fund Mackenzie International Quantitative Large Cap Fund Mackenzie International Quantitative Small Cap Fund Preliminary Simplified Prospectus dated Jun 7, 2019 Series R Series IG Middlefield American Core Dividend ETF Middlefield Healthcare & Wellness ETF Preliminary Long Form Prospectus dated Jun 4, 2019 NP 11-202 Final Receipt dated Jun 4, 2019 Evolve Electronic Gaming ETF Evolve Materials & Mining Index ETF Hedged ETF Units Unhedged ETF Units RP Alternative Global Bond Fund Preliminary Simplified Prospectus dated May 30, 2019 Class M Units Class A-USD Units Class M-USD Units Class F-USD Units Class O Units Class O-USD Units Aleafia Health Inc. (formerly Canabo Medical Inc.) Preliminary Short Form Prospectus dated June 5, 2019 NP 11-202 Preliminary Receipt dated June 5, 2019 $.* -- 8.5% Unsecured Convertible Debenture Units Price: C$1,000.00 per Convertible Debenture Unit MACKIE RESEARCH CAPITAL CORPORATION Amended and Restated Preliminary Short Form Prospectus dated June 6, 2019 $35,000,000.00 -- 8.5% Unsecured Convertible Debenture Units BTB Real Estate Investment Trust Preliminary Short Form Prospectus dated May 31, 2019 Received on May 31, 2019 Price: C$4.67 per Unit ECHELON WEALTH PARTNERS INC. LAURENTIAN BANK SECURITIES INC. RAYMOND JAMES LTD Final Short Form Prospectus dated June 7, 2019 Total: $25,003,180 -- 5,354,000 Units -- $4.67 per Unit Kanadario Gold Inc. Preliminary Long Form Prospectus dated May 31, 2019 PI Financial Corp. P. Joseph Meagher MediPharm Labs Corp. (formerly POCML 4 Inc.) Final Short Form Prospectus dated June 10, 2019 $75,002,700.00 -- 13,514,000 Common Shares Price: $5.55 per Common Share GMP SECURITIES L.P. MACKIE RESEARCH CAPITAL CORP. ALTACORP CAPITAL INC. Mullen Group Ltd. $110,000,000.00 Principal Amount 110,000 -- 5.75% Convertible Unsecured Subordinated Debentures Due November 30, 2026 Price: C$1,000.00 per Offered Debenture PETERS & CO. LIMITED Northway Resources Corp. Preliminary Long Form Prospectus dated June 7, 2019 13,333,333 Common Shares -- Price: C$0.15 per Common Share Zachary Flood Kenorland Minerals Ltd. Spin Master Corp. Final Shelf Prospectus dated June 5, 2019 C$750,000,000.00 Subordinate Voting Shares Preferred Shares Debt Securities Subscription Receipts MARATHON INVESTMENT HOLDINGS LTD. TRUMBANICK INVESTMENTS LTD. LENTILBERRY INC. OceanRock Investments Inc. Portfolio Manager and Investment Fund Manager Mine Equities Ltd. Exempt Market Dealer Nasdaq CXC Limited -- Notice of Proposed Changes and Request for Comment NASDAQ CXC LIMITED NOTICE OF PROPOSED CHANGES AND REQUEST FOR COMMENT Nasdaq CXC Limited (Nasdaq Canada) is publishing this Notice of Proposed Changes in accordance with the requirements set out in the Process for the Review and Approval of Rules and the Information Contained in Form 21-101F1 and the Exhibits Thereto (Exchange Protocol). Pursuant to the Exchange Protocol, market participants are invited to provide the Commission with comment on the proposed changes. Comment on the proposed changes should be in writing and submitted by July 8, 2019 to: Market Regulation Branch 20 Queen Street West, 22nd Floor Toronto, ON M5H 3S8 Email: marketregulation@osc.gov.on.ca And to Matt Thompson 25 York St., Suite 900 Toronto, ON M5J 2V5 Email: matthew.thompson@nasdaq.com Comments received will be made public on the OSC website. Upon completion of the Review by OSC staff, and in the absence of any regulatory concerns, notice will be published to confirm the completion of Commission staff's review and to outline the intended implementation date of the changes. NOTICE OF PROPOSED CHANGES Nasdaq Canada provides Canadian-based institutional clients access to the Nasdaq Fixed Income trading system (NFI) operated by Nasdaq Canada's affiliate, Execution Access, LLC for the purposes of trading non-Canadian fixed income securities. NFI has announced plans to introduce the following change in the second half of 2019 subject to regulatory approval. Nasdaq Canada is publishing this Notice of Proposed Changes in accordance with the requirements set out in the Exchange Protocol. POINT-IN-TIME CROSS NFI is proposing to introduce a call market facility called a Point-In-Time Closing Cross (Closing Cross) where buy orders and sell orders intended to trade in the Closing Cross (Closing Bids, Closing Offers and each a Closing Order) will be aggregated and matched at a specific time(s) in the trading day. Closing Orders can be entered at any time before the time the Closing Cross executes (Closing Time). Closing Orders can be modified or cancelled up to a predetermined time (Firm-Up Time) prior to the Closing Time after which they will be treated as firm. The Firm-Up Time will be up to 15 minutes before the Closing Time and may differ by U.S Treasury Security (UST). At the Firm-Up Time, Closing Bids and Closing Offers are aggregated and compared to identify if an order imbalance exists. Where there is an order imbalance, information about the size and direction of the imbalance will be disseminated to NFI Subscribers via the NFI market data feed. Subscribers may enter Imbalance Only Orders that are eligible to only trade against an order imbalance, where applicable. Imbalance Only Orders must be entered with a limit price. In the case where the limit price of an Imbalance Only Order exceeds the Reference Price it will be repriced to the Reference Price. The Reference price is the best bid in the NFI continuous limit order book (CLOB) at the Closing Time or the best offer in the CLOB at the Closing Time. At the Closing Time, NFI will integrate orders from the CLOB for a UST to determine the price level where the largest volume of Closing Orders will trade (Closing Price). Orders in the Closing Cross are handled based on price-time priority. Currently there is one Closing Cross contemplated at 3PM Eastern Time each trading day. However, additional Closing Crosses may be offered. To prevent undue volatility in the market at the Closing Time, the Closing Cross includes a risk management feature where there is a limited price range, or collar, for each UST outside which a Closing Cross is not permitted to trade. The collar will be within 5 basis points of the Reference Price for the UST. In the event where the calculated Closing Price falls outside the collar, Closing Orders will be executed up to the collar level (depending on their limit price) with all remaining unexecuted Closing Orders cancelled back. After the Closing Cross is executed, CLOB trading on NFI ATS in the UST will continue. Example: (For illustrative Purposes, the Closing Time is 3:00PM) 1. Closing Orders Firm-Up Time (2:55PM) The following Closing Orders were entered before the Firm-Up Time at 2:55PM resulting in a 3MM sell imbalance. Closing Buy Order: 1MM at 100 1MM at 99-99 Closing Sell Order: Closing Cross Order Imbalance: Sell Imbalance 3MM At 2:55PM information about the 3MM sell imbalance is communicated in the NFI market data feed. AT 2:57PM an Imbalance Only Order is entered to buy 1MM UST at 99-98 resulting in a new sell imbalance of 2MM. 2. Closing Time (3:00PM) At 3:00PM NFI integrates orders from the CLOB to determine the price level where the largest volume of Closing Orders will trade. The following table represents the CLOB at 3:00PM. <<Bid Size (MM)>> <<Bid Price>> <<Ask Price>> <<Ask Size (MM)>> <<1>> <<99-99>> <<100-00>> Closing Cross executes 5MM at a Closing Price of 99-98. The 2MM sell imbalance trades with 2MM in the CLOB (the 1MM order entered with a limit price of 99-99 and the 1MM order entered with a limit price of 99-98). Expected Date of Implementation Subject to regulatory approval, NFI is expecting to introduce the Closing Cross in the second half of 2019. Rationale and Relevant Supporting Analysis The Closing Cross is designed to provide participants with size improvement opportunities while mitigating the risk of undue volatility threatening a fair and orderly market. By providing a specific time(s) in the day when Closing Orders will match, participants are incentivized to enter larger sized orders because they are more likely to be filled. This in turn will contribute to more robust price discovery for USTs at the Closing Time. A fair and orderly market is protected from undue volatility potentially created by Closing Cross order imbalances by applying a collar limiting the range of prices where the Closing Cross can trade. Expected Impact on Market Structure Impact of the Changes The Closing Cross will provide Subscribers with an additional trading tool to meet their trading objectives. Expected Impact on the Exchange's Compliance with Ontario Securities Law The proposed changes will not impact Nasdaq Canada's compliance with Ontario securities law. Consultation and Review This change is being made in response to feedback solicited by Subscribers. Estimated Time Required by Subscribers and Vendors (or why a reasonable estimate is not provided) Some optional development work will be required by Subscribers that choose to incorporate the Closing Orders into their trading systems. Based on the intended implementation date we anticipate that there will be at least 90 days between regulatory approval of the proposed changes and its implementation that should provide participants sufficient time for any necessary development. Will Proposed Fee Change or Significant Change introduce a Fee Model or Feature that Currently Exists in other Markets or Jurisdictions Yes, equity exchanges today use call markets to calculate the open and closing prices of securities in the regular trading session. For example, the TSX supports a Market On Close facility for eligible securities where the calculated closing price by the facility is used to determine the closing price of the security. Any questions regarding these changes should be addressed to Matt Thompson, Nasdaq CXC Limited: matthew.thompson@nasdaq.com, T: 647-243-6242 Refinitiv Multilateral Trading Facility -- Application for Exemptive Relief -- Notice of Variation of Commission Interim Order REFINITIV MULTILATERAL TRADING FACILITY NOTICE OF VARIATION OF COMMISSION INTERIM ORDER On June 7, 2019, the Ontario Securities Commission issued a variation order pursuant to section 144 of the Securities Act (Ontario) extending the interim order previously issued to Thomson Reuters Multilateral Trading Facility (the MTF, now known as Refinitiv Multilateral Trading Facility) from the requirement to be recognized as an exchange under section 21(1) of the Act (the Interim Order). The Interim Order will now expire on the earlier of (i) March 1, 2020, and (ii) 90 days after the effective date of a subsequent order permanently exempting the MTF from the requirement to be recognized as an exchange. The Order is published in Chapter 2 of this Bulletin.	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line366
__label__wiki	0.526399	0.526399	• BRP Inc. • Portland Investment Counsel Inc. • CI Investments Inc. • Mackenzie Financial Corporation et al. • BMO Asset Management Inc. • 360 Treasury Systems AG -- s. 147 • PharmaCielo Ltd. -- s. 1(11)(b) • TSX Inc. -- Enhancement of 'Seek Dark Liquidity' Functionality -- Notice of Withdrawal • 360 Treasury Systems AG -- Application for Exemptive Relief -- Notice of Commission Order BRP Inc. Multilateral Instrument 11-102 Passport System and National Policy 11-203 Process for Exemptive Relief Applications in Multiple Jurisdictions -- Issuer bid -- Modified Dutch auction -- Application for relief from the requirement to take up and pay for shares on a pro rata basis and the related disclosure requirements for the issuer bid circular (section 2.26 of National Instrument 62-104 Take-Over Bids and Issuer Bids and item 8 of Form 62-104F2) -- Application for relief from the requirement to take up all securities deposited under the issuer bid and not withdrawn if all the terms and conditions of the Offer have been complied with or waived unless the issuer first takes up all shares deposited under the Offer and not withdrawn (subsection 2.32(4) of National Instrument 62-104 Take-Over Bids and Issuer Bids) -- Requested relief granted, subject to conditions. National Instrument 62-104 Take-Over Bids and Issuer Bids, ss. 2.26, 2.32(4) and 6.1 and item 8 of Form 62-104F2. IN THE MATTER OF THE SECURITIES LEGISLATION OF QUÉBEC AND ONTARIO (the "Jurisdictions") AND IN THE MATTER OF THE PROCESS FOR EXEMPTIVE RELIEF APPLICATIONS IN MULTIPLE JURISDICTIONS AND IN THE MATTER OF BRP INC. (the "Filer") The securities regulatory authority or regulator in each of the Jurisdictions (the "Decision Maker") has received an application from the Filer for a decision under the securities legislation of the Jurisdictions (the "Legislation") granting the Filer, in connection with the proposed purchase of a portion of its outstanding subordinate voting shares (the "Shares") pursuant to an issuer bid (the "Offer"), an exemption from the following requirements (the "Exemption Sought"): a) the proportionate take-up requirements in Section 2.26 of Regulation 62-104 respecting Take-over Bids and Issuer Bids (chapter V-1.1, r. 35) ("Regulation 62-104") (the "Proportionate Take-up Requirement"); b) the requirements in Item 8 of Form 62-104F2 to Regulation 62-104 to provide disclosure of the proportionate take-up and payment in the issuer bid circular (the "Circular") (the "Proportionate Take-Up Disclosure Requirement"); and c) the requirements in Section 2.32 of Regulation 62-104 that an issuer bid not be extended if all the terms and conditions of the issuer bid have been complied with or waived unless the issuer first takes up all securities deposited under the issuer bid and not withdrawn (the "Extension Take-Up Requirement"). Under the Process for Exemptive Relief Applications in Multiple Jurisdictions (for a dual application): a) the Autorité des marchés financiers is the principal regulator for this application; b) the Filer has provided notice that subsection 4.7(1) of Regulation 11-102 respecting Passport System (chapter V-1.1, r. 1) ("Regulation 11-102") is intended to be relied upon in British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Newfoundland and Labrador, Prince Edward Island, the Yukon, the Northwest Territories and Nunavut; c) the decision is the decision of the principal regulator and evidences the decision of the securities regulatory authority or regulator in Ontario. Terms defined in Regulation 14-101 respecting Definitions (chapter V-1.1, r. 3) and Regulation 11-102 have the same meaning if used in this decision, unless otherwise defined herein. This decision is based on the following facts of the Filer: 1. The head office and registered office of the Filer are located at 726, rue Saint-Joseph, Valcourt (Québec), Canada, J0E 2L0. 2. The Filer is a reporting issuer in each of the jurisdictions of Canada and the Filer's Shares are listed for trading on the Toronto Stock Exchange (the "TSX") under the symbol "DOO" and on the Nasdaq Global Select Market (the "Nasdaq") under the symbol "DOOO". The Filer is not in default of any requirement of the securities legislation in the jurisdictions of Canada. 3. The authorized share capital of the Filer consists of unlimited number of multiple voting shares (the "MVS") and Shares and an unlimited number of preferred shares issuable in series. As of May 30, 2019, there were 42,313,579 Shares and 54,101,384 MVS issued and outstanding, and no preferred shares were issued and outstanding. The MVS are not listed for trading on any stock exchange. Each outstanding MVS may at any time, at the option of the holder, be converted into one Share. 4. On May 29, 2019, the closing price of the Shares on the TSX was $36.16 and US$26.73 on the Nasdaq. 5. As at May 30, 2019, Beaudier Inc. ("Beaudier") and 4338618 Canada Inc. ("4338618") beneficially owned 16,761,604 and 11,173,638 MVS, respectively, which in the aggregate represented approximately 29.0% of the issued and outstanding Shares and MVS, and Bain Capital Luxembourg Investments S.à r.l. ("Bain Capital") beneficially owned 21,353,314 MVS, which in the aggregate represented approximately 22.2% of the issued and outstanding Shares and MVS. 6. The Filer intends to make the Offer pursuant to which it would offer to purchase that number of Shares having an aggregate purchase price of up to $300 million (the "Specified Dollar Amount"). 7. Prior to making the Offer, the board of directors of the Filer will have determined that the Offer is in the best interests of the Filer. 8. Holders of MVS will be entitled to participate in the Offer by depositing their MVS to the Offer. MVS deposited under the Offer will be considered as Shares (i.e. on an as-converted basis) for purposes of all calculations under the Offer. Only those MVS taken up by the Filer will be converted into Shares immediately prior to take up. 9. The purchase price per Share will be determined by the Filer through a modified "Dutch auction" procedure in the manner described below within a range (the "Price Range") to be determined by the Filer. 10. The Specified Dollar Amount has been determined and was announced by the Filer in a press release issued on May 30, 2019. The Price Range will be determined prior to commencement of the Offer. Both the Specified Dollar Amount and the Price Range will be specified in the Circular. 11. The Filer expects to fund the purchase of Shares pursuant to the Offer, together with the fees and expenses of the Offer, with a combination of cash on hand, drawings on existing credit facilities and, subject to market conditions, a planned incremental term loan issuance. In any event, the Offer will not be conditional upon the receipt of any financing. 12. Holders of Shares and MVS (collectively, the "Shareholders") wishing to tender to the Offer will be able to do so in one of the following ways: a. auction tenders in which the tendering Shareholders specify the number of Shares being tendered at a price per Share (the "Auction Price") within the Price Range (the "Auction Tenders"); b. purchase price tenders in which the tendering Shareholders do not specify a price per Share, but rather agree to have a specified number of Shares purchased at the Purchase Price (as defined below) to be determined by the Auction Tenders (the "Purchase Price Tenders"); c. proportionate tenders in which the tendering Shareholders agree to sell to the Filer, at the Purchase Price to be determined by the Auction Tenders, a number of Shares that will result in them maintaining their respective proportionate equity ownership in the Filer following completion of the Offer (the "Proportionate Tenders"). 13. Shareholders may make multiple Auction Tenders but not in respect of the same Shares (i.e. Shareholders may tender different Shares at different prices but cannot tender the same Shares at different prices). Shareholders may also make an Auction Tender in respect of certain of their Shares and a Purchase Price Tender in respect of other Shares. Shareholders who make a Proportionate Tender must tender all Shares beneficially owned by them to the Offer. Shareholders who make an Auction Tender or a Purchase Price Tender may not make a Proportionate Tender and vice versa. 14. Any Shareholder who owns fewer than 100 Shares and tenders all of such Shareholder's Shares pursuant to an Auction Tender at or below the Purchase Price or makes a Purchase Price Tender will be considered to have made an "Odd-Lot Tender". 15. The Filer will determine the purchase price payable per Share (the "Purchase Price") based on the Auction Prices and the number of Shares deposited pursuant to valid Auction Tenders and Purchase Price Tenders. The Purchase Price will be the lowest price that enables the Filer to purchase that number of Shares tendered pursuant to valid Auction Tenders and Purchase Price Tenders having an aggregate purchase price not to exceed an amount (the "Auction Tender Limit Amount") equal to a) the Specified Dollar Amount, less b) the product of i. the Specified Dollar Amount, and ii. a fraction, the numerator of which is the aggregate number of Shares owned by Shareholders making valid Proportionate Tenders (including MVS to be converted into Shares on a one-for-one basis upon take up), and the denominator of which is the aggregate number of Shares and MVS outstanding at the time of expiry of the Offer. 16. If the aggregate purchase price for Shares validly tendered pursuant to Auction Tenders at Auction Prices at or below the Purchase Price and Purchase Price Tenders is less than or equal to the Auction Tender Limit Amount, the Filer will purchase at the Purchase Price all Shares so deposited pursuant to Auction Tenders at or below the Purchase Price and Purchase Price Tenders. 17. If the aggregate purchase price for Shares validly tendered pursuant to Auction Tenders at Auction Prices at or below the Purchase Price and Purchase Price Tenders is greater than the Auction Tender Limit Amount, the Filer will purchase at the Purchase Price a portion of the Shares so deposited pursuant to Auction Tenders at or below the Purchase Price and Purchase Price Tenders, determined as follows: a) first, the Filer will purchase all such Shares tendered by Shareholders at the Purchase Price pursuant to Odd-Lot Tenders; and b) second, the Filer will purchase on a pro rata basis that portion of such Shares tendered pursuant to Auction Tenders at or below the Purchase Price and Purchase Price Tenders having an aggregate purchase price, based on the Purchase Price, equal to the difference between: i. the Auction Tender Limit Amount, less ii. the aggregate amount paid by the Filer for Shares tendered pursuant to Odd-Lot Tenders. 18. The Filer will purchase at the Purchase Price that portion of the Shares (including MVS converted into Shares on a one-for-one basis) deposited by Shareholders making valid Proportionate Tenders that results in the tendering Shareholders maintaining their proportionate equity ownership in the Filer following completion of the Offer. 19. The number of Shares that the Filer will purchase pursuant to the Offer and the aggregate purchase price will vary depending on whether the aggregate purchase price payable in respect of Shares required to be purchased pursuant to Auction Tenders at Auction Prices at or below the Purchase Price and Purchase Price Tenders (the "Auction Tender Purchase Amount") is equal to or less than the Auction Tender Limit Amount. If the Auction Tender Purchase Amount is equal to the Auction Tender Limit Amount, the Filer will purchase Shares pursuant to the Offer for an aggregate purchase price equal to the Specified Dollar Amount; if the Auction Tender Purchase Amount is less than the Auction Tender Limit Amount, the Filer will purchase proportionately fewer Shares in the aggregate, with a proportionately lower aggregate purchase price. 20. Each of Beaudier, 4338618 and Bain Capital has advised the Filer that it intends to make a Proportionate Tender. 21. All Shares purchased by the Filer pursuant to the Offer (including Shares tendered at Auction Prices below the Purchase Price) will be purchased at the Purchase Price. Shareholders will receive the Purchase Price in cash. All Auction Tenders, Purchase Price Tenders and Proportionate Tenders will be subject to adjustment to avoid the purchase of fractional Shares. All payments to Shareholders will be subject to deduction of applicable withholding taxes. 22. All Shares tendered to the Offer and not taken up will be returned to the appropriate Shareholders. 23. The Offer is subject to the provisions of the United States regulation entitled Regulation 14E adopted under the 1934 Act ("Regulation 14E"). 24. Until expiry of the Offer, all information about the number of Shares tendered and the prices at which the Shares are tendered will be required to be kept confidential by the depositary and the Filer until the Purchase Price has been determined. 25. Shareholders who do not accept the Offer will continue to hold the same number of Shares as before the Offer and their proportionate Share ownership will increase following completion of the Offer. 26. The Filer may elect to extend the bid without first taking up all the Shares deposited and not withdrawn under the Offer if the aggregate purchase price for Shares validly tendered pursuant to Auction Tenders at Auction Prices at or below the Purchase Price and Purchase Price Tenders is less than the Auction Tender Limit Amount. Under the Extension Take-Up Requirement contained in Section 2.32 of Regulation 62-104, an issuer may not extend an issuer bid if all the terms and conditions of the issuer bid have been complied with or waived unless the issuer first takes up all the securities deposited and not withdrawn under the issuer bid. Under Regulation 14E, the Filer must promptly pay for all securities deposited pursuant to the Offer at the time of expiry of the Offer. Regulation 14E does not allow the Filer to extend the Offer after having taken up and paid for securities deposited pursuant to the Offer. 27. The Filer intends to rely on the exemption from the formal valuation requirements applicable to issuer bids under Regulation 61-101 respecting Protection of Minority Security Holders in Special Transactions (chapter V-1.1 r. 33) ("Regulation 61-101") set out in subsection 3.4(b) of Regulation 61-101 (the "Liquid Market Exemption"). 28. There will be a "liquid market" for the Shares, as such term is defined in Regulation 61-101, as of the date of the making of the Offer because the test in paragraph 1.2(1)(a) of Regulation 61-101 will be satisfied. ln addition, an opinion will be voluntarily sought by the Filer confirming that a liquid market exists for the Shares as of the date of the making of the Offer and such opinion will be included in the Circular (the "Liquidity Opinion"). 29. Based on the maximum number of Shares that may be purchased under the Offer, as of the date of the Offer, it will be reasonable to conclude (and the Liquidity Opinion will provide that it will be reasonable to conclude) that, following the completion of the Offer in accordance with its terms, there will be a market for holders of the Shares who do not tender to the Offer that is not materially less "liquid", as such term is defined in Regulation 61-101, than the market that existed at the time of the making of the Offer. 30. The Filer will disclose in the Circular relating to the Offer the following information: a) the mechanics for the take-up of and payment for Shares as described herein; b) that, by tendering Shares at the lowest price in the Price Range under an Auction Tender or by tendering Shares under a Purchase Price Tender or a Proportionate Tender, a Shareholder can reasonably expect that the Shares so tendered will be purchased at the Purchase Price, subject to proration and other terms of the Offer as specified herein; c) that the Filer has filed for an exemption from the Proportionate Take-Up Requirement, the Proportionate Take-Up Disclosure Requirement and the Extension Take-Up Requirement; d) the manner in which an extension of the Offer will be communicated to Shareholders; e) that Shares deposited pursuant to the Offer may be withdrawn at any time prior to the expiry of the Offer; f) as applicable, the name each Shareholder that has advised the Filer that it intends to make a Proportionate Tender; g) the facts supporting the Filer's reliance on the Liquid Market Exemption, including the Liquidity Opinion; and h) except to the extent exemptive relief is granted further to this application, the disclosure prescribed by applicable securities laws for issuer bids. Each of the Decision Makers is satisfied that the decision respects the criteria set out in the Legislation for the Decision Maker to make the decision. The decision of the Decision Makers under the Legislation is that the Exemption Sought is granted, provided that: a) the Filer takes up Shares deposited pursuant to the Offer and not withdrawn and pays for such Shares, in each case, in the manner described above; b) the Filer is eligible to rely on the Liquid Market Exemption; and c) the Filer complies with the requirements of Regulation 14E. "Hugo Lacroix" Superintendent, Securities Markets Portland Investment Counsel Inc. NP 11-203 Process for Exemptive Relief Applications in Multiple Jurisdictions -- Existing and future mutual funds managed by the Filer granted relief from paragraphs 15.3(4)(c) and (f) of NI 81-102 Investment Funds to permit references to FundGrade A+ Awards, FundGrade Ratings, Lipper Awards and Lipper Leader Ratings in sales communications -- Relief subject to conditions requiring specified disclosure and the requirement that the FundGrade A+ Awards and Lipper Awards being referenced not have been awarded more than 365 days before the date of the sales communication. National Instrument 81-102 Investment Funds, ss.15.3(4)(c) and (f), and 19.1. IN THE MATTER OF THE SECURITIES LEGISLATION OF ONTARIO (the Jurisdiction) AND IN THE MATTER OF THE PROCESS FOR EXEMPTIVE RELIEF APPLICATIONS IN MULTIPLE JURISDICTIONS AND IN THE MATTER OF PORTLAND INVESTMENT COUNSEL INC. (the Filer) The principal regulator in the Jurisdiction has received an application (the Application) from the Filer on behalf of existing and future mutual funds of which the Filer or an affiliate of the Filer is, or in the future will be, the investment fund manager and to which National Instrument 81-102 Investment Funds (NI 81-102) applies (each a Fund and collectively, the Funds) for a decision under the securities legislation of the Jurisdiction of the principal regulator (the Legislation) for an exemption from the requirements set out in paragraphs 15.3(4)(c) and 15.3(4)(f) of NI 81-102, which provide that a sales communication must not refer to a performance rating or ranking of a mutual fund or asset allocation service unless: 1. the rating or ranking is provided for each period for which standard performance data is required to be given, except the period since the inception of the mutual fund; and 2. the rating or ranking is to the same calendar month end that is: (a) not more than 45 days before the date of the appearance or use of the advertisement in which it is included, and (b) not more than three months before the date of first publication of any other sales communication in which it is included; (together, the Exemption Sought), to permit the FundGrade A+ Awards, FundGrade Ratings, Lipper Awards, and Lipper Leader Ratings to be referenced in sales communications relating to the Funds. (a) the Ontario Securities Commission is the principal regulator for this Application, and Terms defined in National Instrument 14-101 Definitions and NI 81-102 have the same meanings if used in this decision, unless otherwise defined. The Filer and the Funds 1. The Filer is a corporation amalgamated under the laws of Ontario with its registered head office located in Burlington, Ontario. 2. The Filer is registered as follows: (a) in the provinces of Alberta, Newfoundland and Labrador, Ontario and Quebec in the category of investment fund manager; (b) in each of the provinces and territories of Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland and Labrador, Northwest Territories, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, Québec and Saskatchewan as an adviser in the category of portfolio manager; (c) in each of the provinces and territories of Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland and Labrador, Northwest Territories, Nova Scotia, Nunavut, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, Québec and Saskatchewan as a dealer in the category of exempt market dealer; and (d) in Ontario as a dealer in the category of mutual fund dealer. 3. The Filer manages the Funds, each of which is, or will be, an open-ended mutual fund established under the laws of Canada or a jurisdiction of Canada. The securities of each of the Funds are, or will be, qualified for distribution pursuant to a prospectus that has been, or will be, prepared and filed in accordance with the securities legislation of each applicable Jurisdiction. 4. Each of the Funds is, or will be, a reporting issuer in one or more of the Jurisdictions. Each of the Funds is or will be subject to NI 81-102, including Part 15 thereof which governs sales communications. 5. Neither the Filer nor any of the Funds is in default of the securities legislation in any of the Jurisdictions. FundGrade Ratings and FundGrade A+ Awards 6. The Filer wishes to include in sales communications of the Funds references to the FundGrade Ratings and references to the FundGrade A+ Awards, where such Funds have been awarded a FundGrade A+ Award. 7. Fundata Canada Inc. ("Fundata") is a "mutual fund rating entity" as that term is defined in NI 81-102. Fundata is a supplier of mutual fund information, analytical tools, and commentary. Fundata's fund data and analysis, fund awards designations and ratings information provide valuable insight to advisors, media and individual investors. 8. One of Fundata's programs is the FundGrade A+ Awards program. This program highlights funds that have excelled in delivering consistently strong risk-adjusted performance relative to their peers. The FundGrade A+ Awards designate award-winning funds in most individual fund classifications for the previous calendar year, and the awards are announced in January of each year. The categories for fund classification used by Fundata are those maintained by the Canadian Investment Funds Standards Committee ("CIFSC") (or a successor to CIFSC), a Canadian organization that is independent of Fundata. 9. The FundGrade A+ Awards are based on a proprietary rating methodology developed by Fundata, the FundGrade Rating system. The FundGrade Rating system evaluates funds based on their risk adjusted performance, measured by three well-known and widely-used metrics: the Sharpe Ratio, the Information Ratio, and the Sortino Ratio. The ratios are calculated for the two through ten year time periods for each fund. When there is more than one eligible series of a fund, an average ratio is taken for each period. The ratios are ranked across all time periods and an overall score is calculated by equally weighting the yearly rankings. 10. The FundGrade Ratings are letter grades for each fund and are determined each month. The FundGrade Ratings for each month are released on the seventh business day of the following month. The top 10% of funds earn an A Grade; the next 20% of funds earn a B Grade; the next 40% of funds earn a C Grade; the next 20% of funds receive a D Grade; and the lowest 10% of funds receive an E Grade. Because the overall score of a fund is calculated by equally weighting the periodic rankings, to receive an A Grade, a fund must show consistently high scores for all ratios across all time periods. 11. Fundata calculates a grade using only the retail series of each fund. Institutional series or fee-based series of any fund are not included in the calculation. A fund must have at least two years of history to be included in the calculation. Once a letter grade is calculated for a fund, it is then applied to all related series of that fund. 12. At the end of each calendar year, Fundata calculates a fund grade point average or "GPA" for each fund based on the full year's performance. The fund GPA is calculated by converting each month's FundGrade Rating letter grade into a numerical score. Each A is assigned a grade of 4.0; each B is assigned a grade of 3.0; each C is assigned a grade of 2.0; each D is assigned a grade of 1.0; and each E is assigned a grade of 0. The total of the grades for each fund is divided by 12 to arrive at the fund's GPA for the year. Any fund earning a GPA of 3.5 or greater earns a FundGrade A+ Award. 13. When a fund is awarded a FundGrade A+ Award, Fundata will permit such fund to make reference to the award in its sales communications. Lipper Leader Ratings and Lipper Awards 14. The Filer also wishes to include in sales communications of the Funds references to the Lipper Leader Ratings (which are performance ratings or rankings for funds issued by Lipper and include the Lipper Ratings for Consistent Return, Lipper Ratings for Total Return, Lipper Ratings for Preservation and the Lipper Ratings for Expense, which are described below) and the references to the Lipper Awards, where such Funds have been awarded a Lipper Award. 15. Lipper, Inc. ("Lipper") is a "mutual fund rating entity" as that term is defined in NI 81-102. Lipper is part of the Thomson Reuters group of companies and is a supplier of mutual fund information, analytical tools, and commentary. Lipper's fund data and analysis, fund awards designations and ratings information provide valuable insight to advisors, media and individual investors. 16. One of Lipper's programs is the Thomson Reuters Lipper Fund Awards program (the "Lipper Awards"). This program recognizes funds that have excelled in delivering consistently strong risk-adjusted performance relative to peers and also recognizes fund families with high average scores for all funds within a particular asset class or overall. Currently, the Lipper Awards take place in approximately 23 countries. 17. In Canada, the Lipper Awards include the Lipper Fund Awards and Lipper ETF Awards (which were awarded for the first time in Canada in 2014). For the Lipper Fund Awards, Lipper designates award-winning funds in most individual fund classifications for three, five and ten year periods. For the Lipper ETF Awards, Lipper designates award-winning funds in a number of individual fund classifications for the three year period, and it is expected that awards for the five and ten year periods will be given in the future. 18. The categories for fund classification used by Lipper for the Lipper Awards in respect of Canadian funds are those maintained by the Canadian Investment Funds Standards Committee ("CIFSC") (or a successor to the CIFSC), a Canadian organization that is independent of Lipper. Only those CIFSC groups of ten or more unique funds will claim a Lipper Fund Award, and only those CIFSC groups of five or more unique ETFs (each of whom have a minimum of three years of performance history) will claim a Lipper ETF Award. 19. The Lipper Awards are based on a proprietary rating methodology prepared by Lipper, the Lipper Leader Rating System. The Lipper Leader Rating System is a toolkit that uses investor-centered criteria to deliver a simple, clear description of a fund's success in meeting certain goals, such as preserving capital, lowering expenses or building wealth. Lipper Ratings provide an instant measure of a fund's success against a specific set of key metrics, and can be useful to investors in identifying funds that meet particular characteristics. 20. In Canada, the Lipper Leader Rating System includes Lipper Ratings for Consistent Return (reflecting funds' historical risk-adjusted returns relative to funds in the same classification), Lipper Ratings for Total Return (reflecting funds' historical total return performance relative to funds in the same classification), Lipper Ratings for Preservation (reflecting funds' historical loss avoidance relative to other funds in the same classification) and Lipper Ratings for Expense (reflecting funds' expense minimization relative to funds with similar load structures). In each case, the categories for fund classification used by Lipper for the Lipper Leader Ratings are those maintained by CIFSC (or a successor to CIFSC). Lipper Leader Ratings are measured monthly over 36, 60 and 120 month periods, and an overall rating is also measured, which is an unweighted average of the previous three periods. The highest 20% of funds in each category are named Lipper Leaders for that particular rating and receive a score of 5, the next 20% receive a score of 4, the middle 20% receive a score of 3, the next 20% receive a score of 2 and the lowest 20% receive a score of 1. 21. The Lipper Awards, awarded annually in Canada, are based on the Lipper Ratings for Consistent Return measure, which, as generally described above, is a risk-adjusted mutual fund return performance measure used by Lipper that takes into account both short-- and long-term risk-adjusted performance relative to fund classification, together with a measure of a fund's consistency. In respect of the Lipper Awards for Canada, the Lipper Ratings for Consistent Return are measured over the 36, 60 and 120 month periods ending at the end of July of each year. As noted above, the highest 20% of funds in each classification are named Lipper Leaders for Consistent Return, and the highest Lipper Leader for Consistent Return in each applicable fund classification over these periods (currently, in the case of the Lipper ETF Awards, over the 36 month period only) wins a Lipper Award. Sales Communication Disclosure 22. The FundGrade Ratings fall within the definition of "performance data" under NI 81-102 as they constitute "a rating, ranking, quotation, discussion or analysis regarding an aspect of the investment performance of an investment fund", given that the FundGrade Ratings are based on performance measures calculated by Fundata. The FundGrade A+ Awards may be considered to be "overall ratings or rankings" given that the awards are based on the FundGrade Ratings as described above. Therefore, references to FundGrade Ratings and FundGrade A+ Awards in sales communications relating to the Funds need to meet the applicable requirements in Part 15 of NI 81-102. 23. Paragraph 15.3(4)(c) of NI 81-102 imposes a "matching" requirement for performance ratings or rankings that are included in sales communications for mutual funds. If a performance rating or ranking is referred to in a sales communication, it must be provided for, or "match", each period for which standard performance data is required to be given for a fund, except for the period since the inception of the fund (i.e. for one, three, five and ten year periods, as applicable). 24. While FundGrade Ratings are based on calculations for a minimum of two years through to a maximum of ten years and the FundGrade A+ Awards are based on a yearly average of monthly FundGrade Ratings, specific ratings for the three, five and ten year periods within the two to ten year measurement period are not given. This means that a sales communication referencing FundGrade Ratings cannot comply with the "matching" requirement contained in paragraph 15.3(4)(c) of NI 81-102. Relief from paragraph 15.3(4)(c) of NI 81-102 is, therefore, required in order for a fund to use FundGrade Ratings in sales communications. 25. The exemption in subsection 15.3(4.1) of NI 81-102 for references to overall ratings or rankings of funds cannot be relied upon to reference the FundGrade A+ Awards in sales communications for the Funds because it is available only if a sales communication "otherwise complies" with the requirements of subsection 15.3(4) of NI 81-102. As noted above, sales communications referencing the FundGrade A+ Awards cannot comply with the "matching" requirement in subsection 15.3(4) of NI 81-102 because the underlying FundGrade Ratings are not available for the three, five and ten year periods within the two to ten year measurement period for the FundGrade Ratings, rendering the exemption in subsection 15.3(4.1) of NI 81-102 unavailable. Relief from subsection 15.3(4)(c) of NI 81-102 is, therefore, required in order for Funds to reference the FundGrade A+ Awards in sales communications. 26. Paragraph 15.3(4)(f) of NI 81-102 imposes certain restrictions on disclosure in sales communications. This paragraph provides that in order for a rating or ranking such as a FundGrade A+ Award to be used in an advertisement, the advertisement must be published within 45 days of the calendar month end to which the rating or ranking applies. Further, in order for the rating or ranking to be used in any other sales communication, the rating or ranking must be published within three months of the calendar month end to which the rating or ranking applies. 27. Because the evaluation of funds for the FundGrade A+ Awards will be based on data aggregated until the end of December in any given year and the results will be published in January of the following year, by the time a fund receives FundGrade A+ Award in January, paragraph 15.3(4)(f) of NI 81-102 will only allow the FundGrade A+ Award to be used in an advertisement until the middle of February and in other sales communications until the end of March. 28. The Lipper Leader Ratings are performance ratings or rankings under NI 81-102 and Lipper Awards may be considered to be performance ratings or rankings under NI 81-102 given that the awards are based on the Lipper Leader Ratings as described above. Therefore, references to Lipper Leader Ratings and Lipper Awards in sales communications relating to the Funds need to meet the applicable requirements in Part 15 of NI 81-102. 29. In Canada and elsewhere, Lipper Leader Ratings are calculated only for 36, 60 and 120 month periods and are not calculated for a one year period. This means that a sales communication referencing a Lipper Leader Rating cannot comply with the "matching" requirement contained in paragraph 15.3(4)(c) of NI 81-102 because a rating is not available for the one year period. Relief from paragraph 15.3(4)(c) of NI 81-102 is therefore required in order for Funds to reference Lipper Leader Ratings in sales communications. 30. In addition, a sales communication referencing the overall Lipper Leader Ratings and the Lipper Awards, which are based on the Lipper Leader Ratings, must disclose the corresponding Lipper Leader Rating for each period for which standard performance data is required to be given. As noted above, because a rating for the one year period is not available for the Lipper Leader Ratings, sales communications referencing the overall Lipper Leader Ratings or Lipper Awards also cannot comply with the matching requirement contained in paragraph 15.3(4)(c) of NI 81-102. 31. The exemption in subsection 15.3(4.1) of NI 81-102 for references to overall ratings or rankings of funds cannot be relied upon to reference the overall Lipper Leader Ratings or Lipper Awards in sales communications for the Funds because subsection 15.3(4.1) of NI 81-102 is available only if a sales communication "otherwise complies" with the requirements of subsection 15.3(4) of NI 81-102. As noted above, sales communications referencing the overall Lipper Leader Ratings or Lipper Awards cannot comply with the "matching" requirement in subsection 15.3(4) of NI 81-102 because the underlying Lipper Leader Ratings are not available for the one year period, rendering the exemption in subsection 15.3(4.1) of NI 81-102 unavailable. Relief from paragraph 15.3(4)(c) of NI 81-102 is therefore required in order for the Funds to reference overall Lipper Leader Ratings and the Lipper Awards in sales communications. 32. Paragraph 15.3(4)(f) of NI 81-102 imposes certain restrictions on disclosure in sales communications. The paragraph provides that in order for a rating or ranking such as a Lipper Award to be used in an advertisement, the advertisement must be published within 45 days of the calendar month end to which the rating or ranking applies. Further, in order for the rating or ranking to be used in any other sales communication, the rating or ranking must be published within three months of the calendar month end to which the rating or ranking applies. 33. Because the evaluation of funds for the Lipper Awards will be based on data aggregated until the end of July in any given year and the results will be published in November of that year, by the time a fund receives an award in November, paragraph 15.3(4)(f) of NI 81-102 will prohibit it from publishing news of the award altogether. 34. The Exemption Sought is required in order for the FundGrade Ratings, FundGrade A+ Awards, Lipper Leader Ratings, and Lipper Awards to be referenced in sales communications relating to the Funds. 35. The Filer submits that the FundGrade A+ Awards, FundGrade Ratings, Lipper Awards, and Lipper Leader Ratings provide important tools for investors, as they provide investors with context when evaluating investment choices. These awards and ratings provide an objective, transparent and quantitative measure of performance that is based on the expertise of FundGrade or Lipper, as applicable, in fund analysis that alleviates any concern that references to them may be misleading and therefore, contrary to paragraph 15.2(1)(a) of NI 81-102. The decision of the principal regulator under the Legislation is that the Exemption Sought is granted to permit the FundGrade A+ Awards, FundGrade Ratings, Lipper Awards, and Lipper Leader Ratings to be referenced in sales communications relating to a Fund, provided that 1. the sales communication complies with Part 15 of NI 81-102, other than as set out herein, and contains the following disclosure in at least 10 point type: (a) the name of the category for which the Fund has received the award or rating; (b) the number of mutual funds in the category for the applicable period; (c) the name of the ranking entity, i.e., Fundata or Lipper; (d) the length of period and the ending date, or, the first day of the period and the ending date on which the FundGrade A+ Award, FundGrade Rating, Lipper Award or Lipper Leader Rating is based; (e) a statement that FundGrade Ratings or Lipper Leader Ratings are subject to change every month; (f) in the case of a FundGrade A+ Award or Lipper Award, a brief overview of the FundGrade A+ Award or Lipper Award, as applicable; (g) in the case of a FundGrade Rating (other than FundGrade Ratings referenced in connection with a FundGrade A+ Award) or a Lipper Leader Rating (other than Lipper Leader Ratings referenced in connection with a Lipper Award), a brief overview of the FundGrade Rating or Lipper Leader Rating, as applicable; (h) where Lipper Awards are referenced, the corresponding Lipper Leader Rating that the Lipper Award is derived from is presented for each period for which standard performance data is required other than the one year and since inception periods; (i) where a Lipper Leader Rating is referenced, the Lipper Leader Ratings are presented for each period for which standard performance data is required other than the one year and since inception periods; (j) disclosure of the meaning of the FundGrade Ratings from A to E (e.g., rating of A indicates a fund is in the top 10% of its category) or Lipper Leader Ratings from 1 to 5 (e.g., rating of 5 indicates a fund is in the top 20% of its category), as applicable; and (k) reference to Fundata's website (www.fundata.com) for greater detail on the FundGrade A+ Awards and the FundGrade Ratings or reference to Lipper's website (www.lipperweb.com) for greater detail on the Lipper Awards and Lipper Leader Ratings, which includes the rating methodology prepared by Fundata or Lipper, as applicable; 2. the FundGrade A+ Awards and Lipper Awards being referenced must not have been awarded more than 365 days before the date of the sales communication; and 3. the FundGrade A+ Awards, FundGrade Ratings, Lipper Awards, and Lipper Leader Ratings being referenced are calculated based on comparisons of performance of investment funds within a specified category established by the CIFSC (or a successor to the CIFSC). "Darren McKall" Investment Funds and Structured Products Branch CI Investments Inc. National Policy 11-203 Process for Exemptive Relief Applications in Multiple Jurisdictions --Relief granted from short selling restrictions in NI 81-102 to permit a alternative mutual funds to short sell "government securities", as defined in NI 81-102, up to 300% of NAV -- relief sought in order to short securities in connection with fund's hedging strategy -- features of government bonds mitigate many of the risks associated with short selling strategies -- relief also granted to future alternative mutual funds managed by the Filer with similar short selling strategies. National Instrument 81-102 Investment Funds -- ss. 2.6.1(1)(c)(v), 2.6.2 and 19.1. IN THE MATTER OF THE SECURITIES LEGISLATION OF ONTARIO (the Jurisdiction) AND IN THE MATTER OF THE PROCESS FOR EXEMPTIVE RELIEF APPLICATIONS IN MULTIPLE JURISDICTIONS AND IN THE MATTER OF CI INVESTMENTS INC. (the Filer) The principal regulator in the Jurisdiction has received an application from the Filer, on behalf of CI Lawrence Park Alternative Investment Grade Credit Fund and CI Marret Alternative Absolute Return Bond Fund (the Existing Funds) and any alternative mutual fund established in the future and managed by the Filer or an affiliate of the Filer (each, a Future Fund and, together with the Existing Funds, the Funds), for a decision under the securities legislation of the principal regulator (the Legislation) exempting the Funds from the following provisions of National Instrument 81-102 Investment Funds (NI 81-102) in order to permit each Fund to short sell "government securities" (as defined in NI 81-102) up to a maximum of 300% of a Fund's net asset value (NAV) (the Exemption Sought): (a) subparagraph 2.6.1(1)(c)(v), which restricts a Fund from selling a security short if, at the time, the aggregate market value of the securities sold short by the Fund exceeds 50% of the Fund's NAV; and (b) section 2.6.2 of NI 81-102, which states that a Fund may not borrow cash or sell securities short if, immediately after entering into a cash borrowing or short selling transaction, the aggregate value of cash borrowed combined with the aggregate market value of the securities sold short by the Fund would exceed 50% of the Fund's NAV (together, the Short Selling Limits). (b) the Filer has provided notice that subsection 4.7(1) of Multilateral Instrument 11-102 Passport System (MI 11-102) is intended to be relied upon in all of the provinces and territories of Canada other than the Jurisdiction (together with the Jurisdiction, the Jurisdictions). Terms defined in National Instrument 14-101 Definitions, MI 11-102 and NI 81-102 have the same meaning if used in this decision, unless otherwise defined. 1. The Filer is a corporation subsisting under the laws of Ontario with its head office located in Toronto, Ontario. The Filer is registered: (a) under the securities legislation of all provinces of Canada as a portfolio manager; (b) under the securities legislation of Ontario, Québec, and Newfoundland and Labrador as an investment fund manager; (c) under the securities legislation of Ontario as an exempt market dealer; and (d) under the Commodity Futures Act (Ontario) as a commodity trading counsel and a commodity trading manager. 2. The Existing Funds are alternative mutual funds established as trusts under the laws of Ontario that operate under the provisions of NI 81-102 applicable to alternative mutual funds. Each Future Fund will be an alternative mutual fund under NI 81-102. 3. The Existing Funds are reporting issuers in each Jurisdiction and their units are qualified for distribution to the public in each Jurisdiction pursuant to a simplified prospectus dated May 10, 2019. Each Future Fund will be a reporting issuer in one or more Jurisdictions. 4. Neither the Filer nor the Existing Funds are in default of securities legislation in any Jurisdiction. 5. The investment objective of CI Lawrence Park Alternative Investment Grade Credit Fund is to generate consistent positive total returns with an emphasis on capital preservation and low correlation to traditional equity and fixed income markets. This Fund is primarily invested in the investment grade debt of corporations and financial institutions in the developed world. 6. The investment objective of the CI Marret Alternative Absolute Return Bond Fund is to provide positive absolute returns with low volatility over a market cycle regardless of market conditions or general market direction, by primarily investing in debt instruments across the credit spectrum including cash, government debt, investment grade corporate debt, high yield debt, credit derivatives and other income-producing securities throughout the world. 7. An important investment strategy used by each of the Existing Funds is to enter into long positions in corporate bonds while hedging the interest rate risk of those bonds by taking short positions in government bonds. The short positions in the government bonds can be achieved either through short selling government bonds or by entering into short positions in government bond futures. 8. The Short Selling Limits would restrict the Existing Funds to short selling government securities to no more than 50% of the Fund's NAV. However, NI 81-102 would permit the Existing Funds to obtain the additional leveraged short exposure through the use of specified derivatives, up to an aggregate exposure of 300% of the Fund's NAV. 9. The Filer is of the view, however, that it would be in the Existing Funds' best interest to permit them to physically short sell government securities up to 300% of the Fund's NAV, instead of being limited to achieve the same degree of leverage through either specified derivatives only, or a combination of physical short selling and specified derivatives, for the following reasons: (a) While derivatives can be used to create similar investment exposure as short selling up to 300% of each Existing Fund's NAV, the use of derivatives is more complex, more expensive and riskier than short selling. Implementing derivatives necessitates incremental transactional steps and expense to each of the Existing Funds. (b) There is a potential mismatch between the corporate bond and government security futures contract, which makes the use of derivatives less efficient than short selling government securities. The futures contract has standard terms set by the exchange on which it trades and is not directly linked to one particular government security. This makes it more difficult to determine whether the interest rate exposure of the government security futures contract is a good match for the interest rate exposure of the corporate bond it is meant to hedge. On the other hand, the short position in a government security that the market pairs with a corporate bond has been selected due to its proven effectiveness in hedging the interest rate exposure of the corresponding corporate bond. 10. The Future Funds will employ an investment strategy similar to the Existing Funds' in that each Future Fund will contemplate short selling government securities concurrently with investing in long positions in corporate fixed-income securities. 11. The only securities sold short by the Funds in excess of 50% of a Fund's NAV will be "government securities" as such term is defined in NI 81-102. The Funds will otherwise comply with the provisions governing short selling by an alternative mutual fund under sections 2.6.1 and 2.6.2 of NI 81-102. 12. Each Fund's aggregate exposure to short selling, cash borrowing and specified derivatives transactions will not exceed 300% of the Fund's NAV, in compliance with subsection 2.9.1 of NI 81-102 (the Aggregate Exposure Limit). 13. Each Fund will implement the following controls when conducting a short sale: (a) The Fund will assume the obligation to return to the Borrowing Agent (as defined in NI 81-102) the securities borrowed to effect the short sale; (b) The Fund will receive cash for the securities sold short within normal trading settlement periods for the market in which the short sale is effected; (c) The Filer will monitor the short positions of the Fund at least as frequently as daily; (d) The security interest provided by the Fund over any of its assets that is required to enable the Fund to effect a short sale transaction is made in accordance with section 6.8.1 of NI 81-102 and will otherwise be made in accordance with industry practice for that type of transaction and relates only to obligations arising under such short sale transaction; (e) The Fund will maintain appropriate internal controls regarding short sales, including written policies and procedures for the conduct of short sales, risk management controls and proper books and records; and (f) The Filer and the Fund will keep proper books and records of short sales and all of its assets deposited with Borrowing Agents as security. 14. Each Fund's prospectus (the Prospectus) will contain adequate disclosure of the Fund's short selling activities, including material terms of the Exemption Sought. The decision of the principal regulator under the Legislation is that the Exemption Sought is granted, provided that: 1. The only securities which a Fund will sell short in an amount that exceeds 50% of the Fund's NAV will be securities that meet the definition of "government security" as such term is defined in NI 81-102. 2. Each short sale by a Fund will comply with all of the short sale requirements applicable to alternative mutual funds in sections 2.6.1 and 2.6.2 of NI 81-102. 3. A Fund's aggregate exposure to short selling, cash borrowing and specified derivatives will not exceed the Aggregate Exposure Limit. 4. Each short sale will be made consistent with the Fund's investment objectives and investment strategies. 5. The Fund's Prospectus will disclose that the Fund is able to short sell "government securities" (as defined in NI 81-102) in an amount up to 300% of the Fund's NAV, including the material terms of this decision. Manager, Investment Funds and Structured Products Mackenzie Financial Corporation et al. National Policy 11-203 Process for Exemptive Relief Applications in Multiple Jurisdictions -- approval of investment fund mergers -- approval required because mergers do not meet the criteria for pre-approved reorganizations and transfers in National Instrument 81-102 Investment Funds -- certain terminating funds and continuing funds do not have substantially similar fundamental investment objectives -- certain continuing funds do not have recently filed simplified prospectuses and fund facts documents -- mergers to otherwise comply with pre-approval criteria, including securityholder vote, IRC approval -- securityholders provided with timely and adequate disclosure regarding the mergers. National Instrument 81-102 Investment Funds, ss. 5.5(1)(b), 5.7(1)(b), and 19.1(2). IN THE MATTER OF THE SECURITIES LEGISLATION OF ONTARIO (the Jurisdiction) AND IN THE MATTER OF THE PROCESS FOR EXEMPTIVE RELIEF APPLICATIONS IN MULTIPLE JURISDICTIONS AND IN THE MATTER OF MACKENZIE FINANCIAL CORPORATION (the Filer) AND MACKENZIE CANADIAN BALANCED FUND AND MACKENZIE US STRATEGIC INCOME FUND (collectively, the Terminating Funds and individually, a Terminating Fund) The principal regulator in the Jurisdiction has received an application from the Filer on behalf of the Terminating Funds, for a decision under the securities legislation of the Jurisdiction (the Legislation) approving the proposed mergers (collectively, the Mergers and individually, a Merger) of each of the Terminating Funds with applicable Continuing Funds (each as defined below), pursuant to paragraph 5.5(1)(b) of National Instrument 81-102 Investment Funds (NI 81-102) (the Approval Sought). (b) the Filer has provided notice that section 4.7(1) of Multilateral Instrument 11-102 Passport System (MI 11-102) is intended to be relied upon in each of the provinces and territories of Canada, other than Ontario (together with Ontario, the Canadian Jurisdictions). Terms defined in National Instrument 14-101 Definitions and MI 11-102 have the same meaning if used in this decision, unless otherwise defined. The following additional terms shall have the following meanings: Continuing Fund means each of Mackenzie Strategic Income Fund and Mackenzie Global Strategic Income Fund (collectively, the Continuing Funds); Effective Date means on or about August 16, 2019, the anticipated date of the Mergers; Exempt Merger means the Merger of Mackenzie Canadian Balanced Fund into Mackenzie Strategic Income Fund, where the Series S units of Mackenzie Strategic Income Fund will be offered only on an exempt distribution basis; Funds means collectively, the Terminating Funds and the Continuing Funds; Grandfathering Merger means the Merger of Mackenzie Canadian Balanced Fund into Mackenzie Strategic Income Fund, where the Series DZ units of Mackenzie Strategic Income Fund will be created solely to facilitate the Merger, will not be qualified for distribution under a prospectus and will not be available for sale subsequent to the Merger; and New Series Mergers means the Merger of Mackenzie Canadian Balanced Fund into Mackenzie Strategic Income Fund, where the D8 Series, H8 Series, HW8 Series, L8 Series and N8 Series units of Mackenzie Strategic Income Fund will be created to facilitate the Merger. 1. The Filer is a corporation governed by the laws of Ontario and is registered as follows: as an investment fund manager in Ontario, Quebec and Newfoundland and Labrador; as a portfolio manager and exempt market dealer in the Canadian Jurisdictions; as an adviser in Manitoba; and as a commodity trading manager in Ontario. 2. The Filer, with its head office in Toronto, Ontario, is the trustee and manager of the Funds. The Funds 3. The Funds are unit trusts established under the laws of Ontario. Each of the Funds are reporting issuers under the securities legislation of the Canadian Jurisdictions. Neither the Filer nor the Funds are in default of securities legislation in any of the Canadian Jurisdictions. 4. Other than circumstances in which the securities regulatory authority of a Canadian Jurisdiction has expressly exempted a Fund therefrom, the Funds follow the standard investment restrictions and practices established under NI 81-102. 5. Units of the Funds are generally qualified for sale under one or more of the simplified prospectus, annual information form and fund facts documents each dated: (i) September 28, 2018, as amended; (ii) June 28, 2018, as amended; and (iii) November 23, 2018 (collectively, the Offering Documents). Series S units of Mackenzie Canadian Balanced Fund are, and Series S units of Mackenzie Strategic Income Fund will only be, offered on an exempt distribution basis. Series DZ units of Mackenzie Canadian Balanced Fund are not qualified for distribution under a prospectus. Further, Series DZ units of Mackenzie Strategic Income Fund will be created solely to facilitate the Mergers, will not be qualified for distribution under a prospectus and will not be available for sale subsequent to the Mergers. D8 Series, H8 Series, HW8 Series, L8 Series and N8 Series units of Mackenzie Strategic Income Fund will be newly created to facilitate the Mergers and will be qualified for distribution under a prospectus. 6. The net asset value for each series of the Funds is calculated on a daily basis in accordance with the Funds' valuation policy and as described in the applicable Offering Documents. Reasons for the Approval Sought 7. Approval of the Mergers is required because each Merger does not satisfy all of the criteria for pre-approved reorganizations and transfers set out in section 5.1 of NI 81-102. The pre-approval criteria are not satisfied in the following ways: (i) the fundamental investment objectives of the Continuing Funds are not, or may be considered not to be, "substantially similar" to the investment objectives of their corresponding Terminating Funds; and (ii) the materials sent to applicable unitholders of Mackenzie Canadian Balanced Fund in respect of the Exempt Merger, the Grandfathering Merger and the New Series Mergers did not include the current simplified prospectuses or the most recently filed fund facts document(s) for the corresponding series of Mackenzie Strategic Income Fund. 8. Except as noted above, the Mergers will otherwise comply with all other criteria for pre-approved reorganizations and transfers set out in section 5.6 of NI 81-102. The Proposed Mergers 9. Pursuant to the Mergers, unitholders of each of the Terminating Funds would become unitholders of the applicable Continuing Fund, as follows: Terminating Fund Continuing Fund Mackenzie Canadian Balanced Fund Mackenzie Strategic Income Fund Mackenzie US Strategic Income Fund Mackenzie Global Strategic Income Fund 10. The Mergers do not require approval of unitholders of the Continuing Funds as the Filer has determined that the Mergers do not constitute material changes for any of the Continuing Funds. 11. As required by National Instrument 81-107 Independent Review Committee for Investment Funds, the Independent Review Committee (IRC) has been appointed for the Funds. The Filer presented the terms of the Mergers to the IRC for a recommendation. The IRC reviewed the Mergers and provided a positive recommendation for each of the Mergers, having determined that the Mergers, if implemented, would achieve a fair and reasonable result for the Funds and their respective unitholders. 12. In accordance with National Instrument 81-106 -- Investment Fund Continuous Disclosure (NI 81-106), a press release announcing the Mergers was issued and filed via SEDAR on April 26, 2019. A material change report and amendments to the Offering Documents with respect to the Mergers were filed in accordance with NI 81-106. 13. By way of order dated October 21, 2016, the Filer was granted relief (the Notice-and-Access Relief) from the requirement set out in paragraph 12.2(2)(a) of NI 81-106 to send a printed management information circular to unitholders while proxies are being solicited. Subject to certain conditions, the Notice-and-Access Relief instead allows a notice-and-access document to be sent to such unitholders. Pursuant to the requirements of the Notice-and-Access Relief, the notice-and-access document, a form of proxy in connection with each special meeting of unitholders of the Funds, as well as the most recent fund facts document(s) for the applicable series of the Continuing Funds (other than in respect of the Exempt Merger, the Grandfathering Merger and the New Series Mergers) will be mailed to unitholders of the Terminating Funds commencing on or about June 18, 2019. The management information circular and forms of proxy (collectively, the Meeting Materials) in connection with special meetings of unitholders of the Funds will be posted on the Filer's website at www.mackenzieinvestments.com, the Quadrus Group of Funds website at www.quadrusgroupoffunds.com, as applicable, and on the Laurentian Bank Group of Funds website at www.laurentianbank.ca/mackenzie, as applicable. The Meeting Materials will also appear on the SEDAR website at www.sedar.com. 14. The Meeting Materials describe all of the relevant facts concerning the Mergers relevant to each unitholder, including the differences between investment objectives, strategies of the Terminating Funds and the Continuing Funds, the IRC's recommendations regarding the Mergers, and income tax considerations so that unitholders of the Terminating Funds may consider this information before voting on the Mergers. The Meeting Materials also describe the various ways in which unitholders can obtain a copy of the simplified prospectus and annual information form of the Continuing Funds, as well as the most recent interim and annual financial statements and management reports of fund performance for the Continuing Funds, at no cost. 15. Fund facts document(s) relating to the applicable series of each Continuing Fund were mailed to unitholders of the corresponding series of each Terminating Fund in all instances other than in respect of the Exempt Merger, the Grandfathering Merger and the New Series Mergers. In order to effect the Mergers relating to Series S and Series DZ of Mackenzie Canadian Balanced Fund, Series S and Series DZ units of Mackenzie Strategic Income Fund will be distributed to unitholders of Mackenzie Canadian Balanced Fund in reliance on the prospectus exemption contained in section 2.11 of National Instrument 45-106 Prospectus Exemptions. 16. In respect of the Exempt Merger and the Grandfathering Merger, because a current simplified prospectus and fund facts documents are not available for Series S and Series DZ of Mackenzie Strategic Income Fund, unitholders of Series S and Series DZ of Mackenzie Canadian Balanced Fund were sent a fund facts document relating to Series A units of Mackenzie Strategic Income Fund. 17. In respect of the New Series Mergers, because a current simplified prospectus and fund facts documents are not available for D8 Series, H8 Series, HW8 Series, L8 Series and N8 Series of Mackenzie Strategic Income Fund, unitholders of D8 Series, H8 Series, HW8 Series, L8 Series and N8 Series of Mackenzie Canadian Balanced Fund were sent a fund facts document relating to Quadrus Series units of Mackenzie Strategic Income Fund. 18. The Filer will pay for the costs of the Mergers. These costs consist mainly of brokerage charges associated with the trades that occur both before and after the date of the Mergers and legal, proxy solicitation, printing, mailing and regulatory fees. There are no charges payable by unitholders of the Terminating Funds who acquire units of the corresponding Continuing Funds as a result of the Mergers. 19. Unitholders of each of the Terminating Funds will be asked to approve the Merger associated with that Terminating Fund at a special meeting of unitholders scheduled to be held on or about July 24, 2019. 20. Following the implementation of the Mergers, all systematic plans that will be established with respect to the Terminating Funds will be re-established in the Continuing Fund, either on a series-for-series basis or into a similar series with substantially similar fees, unless unitholders advise the Filer otherwise or unless otherwise noted in the information circular. 21. Unitholders may change or cancel any systematic plan at any time and unitholders of the Terminating Funds who wish to establish one or more systematic plans in respect of their holdings in the Continuing Fund may do so following the implementation of the Mergers. 22. Each Merger will be completed as a tax-deferred transaction under the Income Tax Act (Canada) (Tax Act). Unitholders of the Terminating Funds will be provided with information about the income tax consequences of the Mergers in the information circular and will have the opportunity to consider such information prior to voting on the Mergers. Merger Steps 23. If the necessary approvals are obtained, the Filer will carry out the following steps to complete the Mergers: (i) Prior to effecting a Merger, if required, each Terminating Fund will sell any securities in its portfolio that do not meet the investment objectives and investment strategies of the applicable Continuing Fund and purchase other securities so that, as of the effective date of the Merger, the portfolio of the Terminating Fund is substantially similar to that of the applicable Continuing Fund. As a result, some of the Terminating Funds may temporarily hold cash, money market instruments or investments that are not consistent with their investment objectives, and may not be fully invested in accordance with their investment objectives for a brief period of time prior to the Merger being effected. (ii) The value of each Terminating Fund's portfolio and other assets will be determined at the close of business on the effective date of each applicable Merger in accordance with the constating documents of the applicable Terminating Fund. (iii) Each Continuing Fund will acquire the investment portfolio and other assets of the applicable Terminating Fund in exchange for units of the Continuing Fund. (iv) Each Continuing Fund will not assume any liabilities of the applicable Terminating Fund and the Terminating Fund will retain sufficient assets to satisfy its estimated liabilities, if any, as of the effective date of the applicable Merger. (v) The Terminating Funds will distribute a sufficient amount of their net income and net realized capital gains, if any, to unitholders to ensure that they will not be subject to tax under Part 1 of the Tax Act for their current tax year. (vi) The units of each Continuing Fund received by the applicable Terminating Fund will have an aggregate net asset value equal to the value of the portfolio assets and other assets that the Continuing Fund is acquiring from the Terminating Fund, and the units of the Continuing Fund will be issued at the applicable series net asset value per unit as of the close of business on the effective date of the applicable Merger. (vii) Immediately thereafter, units of each Continuing Fund received by the applicable Terminating Fund will be distributed to unitholders of the Terminating Fund, as proceeds of redemption of their units in the Terminating Fund on a dollar-for-dollar and series by series basis. (viii) As soon as reasonably possible following each Merger, the applicable Terminating Fund will be wound up. 24. Unitholders in the Terminating Funds will continue to have the right to redeem their units or exchange their units for units of any other mutual fund of the Filer at any time up to the close of business on the business day before the Effective Date. Unitholders of the Terminating Fund that switch their units for units of other mutual funds of the Filer will not incur any charges other than switch fees, if applicable, as described in each Terminating Fund's simplified prospectus. Unitholders who redeem units may be subject to redemption charges. 25. Following the implementation of the Mergers, the Continuing Funds will continue as publicly offered open-ended mutual funds offering units in the Canadian Jurisdictions. 26. Following the implementation of the Mergers, a press release and material change report announcing the results of the unitholder meetings in respect of the reorganization of the Terminating Funds will be issued and filed. 27. No sales charges will be charged by the Filer to investors or to the Terminating Fund or Continuing Fund in connection with the acquisition by a Continuing Fund of the investment portfolio of its applicable Terminating Fund. 28. The assets of each Terminating Fund to be acquired by the applicable Continuing Fund in order to effect the Mergers are currently, or will be, acceptable, on or prior to the effective date of the Mergers, to the portfolio manager(s) of the applicable Continuing Fund and are, or will be, consistent with the investment objectives of the Continuing Fund. 29. If the Mergers are approved, the reorganizations will be implemented after the close of business on the Effective Date. If either of the Mergers are not approved, the applicable Terminating Fund(s) will continue to be offered for distribution. Merger Benefits 30. The Filer believes that the Mergers are beneficial to unitholders of the Terminating Funds for the following reasons: (i) Superior Performance of the Continuing Funds: Each Continuing Fund has generated better past performance than the corresponding Terminating Fund (although past performance is not a guarantee of future returns and may not be repeated). (ii) Better Future Return Potential: The Mergers are being proposed to reflect the Filer's belief that the Continuing Funds will provide better return potential over the long term. (iii) Same or Lower Fees: In each case, management fees and/or fixed administration fees will be the same or lower for the Continuing Funds. (iv) More Viable Long-Term Investment Vehicle: In the case of the Merger of Mackenzie US Strategic Income Fund into Mackenzie Global Strategic Income Fund, the Filer believes that the Continuing Fund is a more viable long-term investment vehicle for existing and potential investors. The decision of the principal regulator under the Legislation is that the Approval Sought is granted, provided that the Filer obtains the prior approval of the unitholders of the Terminating Funds for the Mergers at a special meeting held for that purpose. Investment Funds and Structured Products BMO Asset Management Inc. National Policy 11-203 Process for Exemptive Relief Applications in Multiple Jurisdictions -- Relief from the conflict of interest investment restrictions in the Securities Act (Ontario) and the self-dealing prohibitions in National Instrument 31-103 Registration Requirements, Exemptions and Ongoing Registrant Obligations to permit pooled funds to invest in investment funds under common management or managed by an affiliate, that are governed by the laws of a jurisdiction of Canada, or governed by the laws of the U.S., Hong Kong, U.K., Ireland or Luxembourg, subject to certain conditions. Securities Act, R.S.O. 1990, c. S.5, as am., ss. 111(2)(b), 111(2)(c), 111(3), and 113. National Instrument 31-103 Registration Requirements, Exemptions and Ongoing Registrant Obligations, ss. 13.5(2)(a) and 15.1. IN THE MATTER OF THE SECURITIES LEGISLATION OF ONTARIO (the Jurisdiction) AND IN THE MATTER OF THE PROCESS FOR EXEMPTIVE RELIEF APPLICATIONS IN MULTIPLE JURISDICTIONS AND IN THE MATTER OF BMO ASSET MANAGEMENT INC. (the Filer) AND THE TOP FUNDS (as defined below) The principal regulator in the Jurisdiction has received an application from the Filer, on behalf of each of the Filer, the Filer's affiliates, and BMO AM Balanced Fund (the Initial Top Fund) and any other existing or future mutual fund that is not, or will not be, a reporting issuer, that is, or will be, managed by the Filer or one of its affiliates (the Future Top Funds and, together with the Initial Top Fund, the Top Funds) and that invests, or will invest, its assets in BMO International Value Fund (the Initial Underlying Fund) and/or in any other existing or future investment fund that is, or will be, managed by the Filer or one of its affiliates (the Future Underlying Funds and, together with the Initial Underlying Fund, the Underlying Funds), for a decision under the securities legislation of the Jurisdiction (the Legislation): (a) exempting the Top Funds from the restriction in the Legislation which prohibits: (i) an investment fund from knowingly making an investment in a person or company in which the investment fund, alone or together with one or more related investment funds, is a substantial security holder; (ii) an investment fund from knowingly making an investment in an issuer in which: (1) any officer or director of the investment fund, its management company or distribution company or an associate of any of them, or (2) any person or company who is a substantial security holder of the investment fund, its management company or its distribution company, has a significant interest; and (iii) an investment fund, its management company or its distribution company from knowingly holding an investment described in paragraph (i) or (ii) above (collectively, the Related Issuer Relief); and (b) exempting the Filer and each of its affiliates, with respect to each of the Top Funds that invests in an Underlying Fund, from the restriction in clause 13.5(2)(a) of National Instrument 31-103 Registration Requirements, Exemptions and Ongoing Registrant Obligations (NI 31-103), which prohibits a registered adviser from knowingly causing an investment portfolio managed by it, including an investment fund for which it acts as adviser, to invest in securities of any issuer in which a responsible person or an associate of a responsible person is a partner, officer or director, unless the fact is disclosed to the client and the written consent of the client to the investment is obtained before the purchase (the Consent Requirement Relief and, together with the Related Issuer Relief, the Exemption Sought). (b) the Filer has provided notice that section 4.7(1) of Multilateral Instrument 11-102 Passport System (MI 11-102) is intended to be relied upon in Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland and Labrador, Northwest Territories, Nova Scotia, Nunavut, Québec, Prince Edward Island, Saskatchewan and Yukon (together with Ontario, the Jurisdictions). Terms defined in National Instrument 14-101 Definitions and MI 11-102 have the same meaning if used in this decision, unless otherwise defined. AIMF Directive means Directive 2011/61/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 8 June 2011 on Alternative Investment Fund Managers, including, where the context so requires, any delegated acts and implementing legislation made thereunder which applies in England and Wales. AIFM Regulation means Commission Delegated Regulation No. 231/2013 of 19 December, 2012. Ireland UCITS Directive means Directive 2009/65/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 July 2009 on the coordination of laws, regulations and administrative provisions relating to undertakings for collective investment in transferable securities as amended by Directive 2014/91/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 July 2014 as regards depositary functions, remunerations policies and sanctions, including its mandatory implementing regulations on an EU or Home Member State level and as may be further amended from time to time and including the Delegated Regulation (once effective) and any further supplementing European Commission delegated regulations in force from time to time. Luxembourg UCITS Directive means Directive 2009/65/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 July 2009 on the coordination of laws, regulations and administrative provisions relating to undertakings for collective investment in transferable securities as amended, notably by Directive 2014/91/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 July 2014 as regards depositary functions, remunerations policies and sanctions, including its implementing legislation and regulations on an EU or Home Member State level which are of mandatory application as and when they have come into force and have become applicable, and as amended from time to time. UCITS means Undertaking for Collective Investment in Transferable Securities and refers to the investment funds authorized by the European Union as investment funds suitable to be distributed in more than one country of Europe. UK UCITS Directive means Directive 2009/65/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 July 2009 on the coordination of laws, regulations and administrative provisions relating to undertakings for collective investment in transferable securities as amended by Directive 2014/91/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 July 2014 as regards depositary functions, remunerations policies and sanctions, including its mandatory implementing regulations on an EU or Home Member State level. 1. The Filer is a corporation with its head office located in Toronto, Ontario. 2. The Filer is registered as an investment fund manager (IFM) in each of Ontario, Québec and Newfoundland and Labrador, as a portfolio manager (PM) and an exempt market dealer in each of the Jurisdictions, and as a commodity trading manager in Ontario. 3. The Filer is the IFM of the Initial Top Fund. An affiliate of the Filer, BMO Investments Inc. (BMOII) is the IFM of the Initial Underlying Fund, which is qualified under a mutual fund prospectus dated May 10, 2019, as amended. The Filer or an affiliate of the Filer will be the IFM of the Future Top Funds and the Future Underlying Funds. To the extent that the Filer or an affiliate of the Filer is the IFM of any Future Top Fund or Future Underlying Fund, the representations set out in this decision will apply to the same extent to such Future Top Fund and/or Future Underlying Fund. 4. The Filer or its affiliates are, or will be, "responsible persons" of the Top Funds and the Underlying Funds, as that term is defined in NI 31-103. 5. Bank of Montreal is a substantial securityholder of the Filer and BMOII, as each of the Filer and BMOII is a direct or indirect wholly owned subsidiary of Bank of Montreal. 6. The Filer is not in default of securities legislation in any Jurisdiction. 7. An officer and/or director of the Filer or an affiliate of the Filer may have a significant interest in an Underlying Fund from time to time. 8. A person or company who is a substantial security holder of a Top Fund, the Filer, or an affiliate of the Filer, such as Bank of Montreal, may also have a significant interest in an Underlying Fund from time to time. The Top Funds 9. The Initial Top Fund is an investment trust established by the Filer on August 1, 2001 and is governed by the laws of Ontario. 10. The investment objective of the Initial Top Fund is to achieve stable long term rates of return through long term capital growth and current income. Portfolio volatility is reduced through investment in fixed income, Canadian equities, foreign equities and cash asset categories. The Initial Top Fund's return objective is to outperform a benchmark which consists of 5% FTSE/TMX 91-Day T-Bill Index, 35% FTSE/TMX Universe Bond Index, 35% S&P/TSX Composite Index and 25% MSCI World Index (net) on a four year moving average basis. 11. The Initial Top Fund wishes to invest in units of the Initial Underlying Fund and, as a result, the Filer is seeking the Exemption Sought in order to permit the Initial Top Fund to make these investments. 12. A Future Top Fund may: (a) invest in one or more of the Underlying Funds, which investment or investments will be consistent with the Future Top Fund's investment objectives and strategies; or (b) invest all or substantially all of its assets in an Underlying Fund with the objective of tracking the performance of that Underlying Fund (a Clone Fund). Investing all or substantially all of its assets in an Underlying Fund may provide an efficient and cost effective way for the Future Top Fund to achieve diversification and obtain unique exposures to the markets in which the Underlying Fund invests. 13. The securities of each of the Top Funds are, or will be, sold solely to investors pursuant to exemptions from the prospectus requirements in accordance with National Instrument 45-106 Prospectus Exemptions (NI 45-106) or the Legislation. 14. Each of the Top Funds is, or will be, a "mutual fund" as defined in securities legislation of the Jurisdictions in which the Top Funds are distributed. 15. None of the Top Funds investing in Underlying Funds in reliance on this decision is, or will be, a reporting issuer in any jurisdiction of Canada. 16. The Initial Top Fund is not in default of the securities legislation of any Jurisdiction. The Underlying Funds 17. The Initial Underlying Fund is an investment trust established by BMOII on December 23, 2013 and is governed by the laws of Ontario. 18. The investment objective of the Initial Underlying Fund is to achieve long-term capital growth consistent with the preservation of capital by investing primarily in equity securities of mid to large capitalization companies located outside of Canada and the United States that have long-term growth potential or that pay or are expected to pay above-average dividends. 19. The Initial Underlying Fund is not in default of the securities legislation of any Jurisdiction. 20. Each of the Underlying Funds is, or will meet the definition of, a "mutual fund" as defined in the Legislation. 21. Each Underlying Fund is, or will be, structured as a limited partnership, a trust or a corporation governed by the laws of a jurisdiction of Canada or may be governed by the laws of the United States of America, Hong Kong, United Kingdom, Ireland or Luxembourg. In its home jurisdiction, each Underlying Fund will either be distributed pursuant to a prospectus or prospectus exemption. 22. The investment fund manager of each Underlying Fund will be an affiliate of the Filer. The portfolio manager of each Underlying Fund may or may not be an affiliate of the Filer. 23. Each of the Underlying Funds has, or will have, separate investment objectives and investment strategies. 24. Securities of the Underlying Funds are, or will be, sold to Canadian investors either pursuant to exemptions from the prospectus requirements in accordance with NI 45-106 and the Legislation or pursuant to a prospectus qualified in one or more of the Jurisdictions. Fund-on-Underlying Fund Structure 25. An investment by a Top Fund in an Underlying Fund is, or will be, compatible with the investment objectives of the Top Fund and allows, or will allow, the Top Fund to obtain exposure to securities in which the Top Fund may otherwise invest directly (the Fund-on-Underlying Fund Structure). 26. The Filer believes that the Fund-on-Underlying Fund Structure provides the Top Funds with an efficient and cost-effective manner of pursuing portfolio diversification instead of purchasing securities directly. The Fund-on-Underlying Fund Structure also provides the Top Funds with access to the investment expertise of the portfolio adviser of the applicable Underlying Funds. 27. Investments by a Top Fund in an Underlying Fund are, or will be, effected at an objective price. The Filer's policies and procedures provide that an objective price, for this purpose, is the net asset value (NAV) per security of the applicable class or series of that Underlying Fund. 28. Each Underlying Fund holds, or will hold, primarily liquid assets. To the extent that such Underlying Fund holds any assets whose resale is restricted or that cannot be readily disposed of through market facilities on which public quotations in common use are widely available, such illiquid assets comprise, or will comprise, no more than 10% of the Underlying Fund's NAV. 29. Each Top Fund and Underlying Fund is, or will be, valued and redeemable daily. 30. The custodian of the assets of each Top Fund is, or will be, one or more financial institutions and/or their affiliates, or such third party or parties as may be appointed by the Filer or its affiliates, which meets, or will meet, the qualifications for a custodian of an investment fund under Division 3 of Part 14 of NI 31-103. The custodian of each Underlying Fund will meet one of the following requirements: (a) meet the requirements of Part 6 of National Instrument 81-102 Investment Funds (NI 81-102) (or any successor instrument or provisions thereto), where the securities of the Underlying Fund are offered in Canada under a prospectus qualified in one or more of the Jurisdictions, (b) meet the requirements of Division 3 of Part 14 of NI 31-103 (or any successor instrument or provisions thereto), where the Underlying Fund is governed under the laws of a Jurisdiction or of Canada and the securities of which are offered in Canada pursuant to exemptions from the prospectus requirements under the Legislation, (c) meet the requirements of Section 17(f) of the Investment Company Act of 1940 (1940 Act) (or any successor instrument or provisions thereto) for entities acting as custodians to registered investment companies, where the Underlying Fund is a registered investment company under the 1940 Act, (d) meet the requirements under the Hong Kong Securities and Future Commission (SFC) Code on Unit Trusts and Mutual Funds for entities acting as custodian/trustee where the Underlying Fund is a SFC authorised fund, (e) meet the requirements of Articles 23(1) and 23(2) of the UK UCITS Directive for entities acting as custodians to UCITS (or any successor instrument or provisions thereto), where the Underlying Fund is a UCITS under the UK UCITS Directives, (f) meet the requirements of Article 21(3)(b) of the AIFM Directive and AIFM Regulation for entities acting as custodians (or any successor instrument or provisions thereto), where the Underlying Fund is an alternative investment fund under the AIFM Directive and AIFM Regulation, (g) meet the requirements of Articles 23(1) and 23(2) of the Ireland UCITS Directive (or any successor instrument or provisions thereto), where the Underlying Fund is a UCITS under the Ireland UCITS Directive, or (h) meet the applicable requirements of Articles 23(1) and 23(2) of the Luxembourg UCITS Directive (or any successor instrument or provisions thereto), where the Underlying Fund is a UCITS SICAV under the Luxembourg UCITS Directive. 31. The amount invested from time to time in an Underlying Fund by a Top Fund, either alone or together with one or more other funds managed by the Filer or an affiliate of the Filer, may exceed 20% of the outstanding voting securities of the Underlying Fund. As a result, each Top Fund could, either alone or together with one or more other funds managed by the Filer or an affiliate of the Filer, become a substantial security holder of an Underlying Fund. The Top Funds and other funds managed by the Filer or the Top Funds and other funds managed by an affiliate of the Filer are, or will be, related mutual funds by virtue of common management by the Filer or by an affiliate of the Filer, respectively. 32. In addition, the Fund-on-Underlying Fund Structure may result in a Top Fund investing in an Underlying Fund in which an officer or director of the Filer or of an affiliate of the Filer has a significant interest and/or a Top Fund investing in an Underlying Fund in which a person or company who is a substantial security holder of the Top Fund, the Filer or an affiliate of the Filer has a significant interest. As at February 28, 2019, Bank of Montreal, a substantial securityholder of the Filer, held 10.13% of the outstanding units of the Initial Underlying Fund. 33. Since the Top Funds do not offer their securities under a simplified prospectus, they are not subject to NI 81-102 and therefore the Top Funds are unable to rely upon the exemption codified under subsection 2.5(7) of NI 81-102. 34. In the absence of the Related Issuer Relief, each Top Fund would be limited by the investment restrictions in the Legislation in terms of the extent to which they could implement the Fund-on-Underlying Fund Structure. Specifically, a Top Fund would be prohibited from: (i) becoming a substantial securityholder of an Underlying Fund, either alone or together with related investment funds; and (ii) investing in an Underlying Fund in which an officer or director of the Filer has a significant interest or in which a person or company who is a substantial securityholder of the Top Fund or the Filer, has a significant interest. 35. The Fund-on-Underlying Fund Structure may also result in a Top Fund investing in an Underlying Fund that is a limited partnership or corporation in which a responsible person or an associate of a responsible person is a partner, officer or director, or performs a similar function or occupies a similar position. 36. In the absence of the Consent Requirement Relief, the Filer or its affiliates would be precluded from causing each Top Fund to invest in an Underlying Fund in these circumstances unless the consent of each investor in the Top Fund is obtained. The Top Funds may have a number of existing investors and, as a result, obtaining the consent of each such investor is not practical. 37. A Top Fund's investment in an Underlying Fund represents the business judgment of a responsible person uninfluenced by considerations other than the best interests of the investment funds concerned. 38. The investment by a Top Fund in an Underlying Fund is compatible with the fundamental investment objectives of the Top Fund. The decision of the principal regulator under the Legislation is that the Exemption Sought is granted provided that: (a) securities of the Top Funds are distributed in Canada solely to investors pursuant to exemptions from the prospectus requirements in NI 45-106 or the Legislation; (b) the investment by a Top Fund in an Underlying Fund is compatible with the fundamental investment objectives of such Top Fund; (c) an investment in an Underlying Fund by a Top Fund will be effected at an objective price, being the NAV per security of the applicable class or series of that Underlying Fund; (d) a Top Fund will not invest in an Underlying Fund that is not a reporting issuer unless the Underlying Fund has prepared annual audited financial statements for the Underlying Fund's most recently completed financial year and interim financial statements for the Underlying Fund's most recently completed interim period; (e) the interim and annual financial statements of a Top Fund that is a Clone Fund will include the top 25 positions of the Underlying Fund in which the Clone Fund invests, each expressed as a percentage of NAV of the Underlying Fund as at the end of the financial reporting period; (f) at the time of the purchase by a Top Fund of securities of an Underlying Fund, the Underlying Fund holds no more than 10% of its NAV in securities of other investment funds unless the Underlying Fund: (i) has adopted a fundamental investment objective to track the performance of another investment fund or similar investment product; (ii) purchases or holds securities of investment funds that are "money market funds" (as such term is defined in NI 81-102); or (iii) purchases or holds securities that are "index participation units" (as such term is defined in NI 81-102) issued by an investment fund; (g) no management fees or incentive fees are payable by a Top Fund that, to a reasonable person, would duplicate a fee payable by an Underlying Fund for the same service; (h) no sales fees or redemption fees are payable by a Top Fund in relation to its purchases or redemptions of securities of an Underlying Fund, other than brokerage fees incurred for the purchase or sale of securities issued by an investment fund that are listed for trading on a stock exchange; (i) the securities of an Underlying Fund held by a Top Fund will not be voted at any meeting of the security holders of the Underlying Fund except that the Top Fund may arrange for the securities of the Underlying Fund it holds to be voted by the beneficial holders of securities of the Top Fund who are not the Filer or any of its affiliates, or an officer, director or substantial security holder of the Filer or any of its affiliates; (j) when purchasing and/or redeeming securities of an Underlying Fund, the Filer or an affiliate of the Filer shall, as investment fund manager of the applicable Top Fund and Underlying Fund, act honestly, in good faith and in the best interests of the Top Fund and the Underlying Fund, and shall exercise the care and diligence that a reasonably prudent person would exercise in comparable circumstances; (k) the offering memorandum, where available, or other disclosure document of a Top Fund, will be provided to each new investor in a Top Fund prior to their purchase of securities of the Top Fund, and will disclose the following information: (i) that the Top Fund may purchase securities of one or more Underlying Funds; (ii) the fact that the Filer and/or an affiliate of the Filer, as the case may be, is the IFM of the Top Fund and the Underlying Funds; (iii) the approximate or maximum percentage of the Top Fund's net assets that is intended to be invested in securities of the Underlying Funds; (iv) for each officer, director or substantial security holder of the Filer, an affiliate of the Filer or of a Top Fund that also has a significant interest in an Underlying Fund, the approximate amount of the significant interest they hold, on an aggregate basis, expressed as a percentage of the applicable fund's NAV, and the potential conflicts of interest which may arise from such relationships; (v) the fees and expenses payable by each Underlying Fund in which the Top Fund may invest, including any incentive fee; (vi) the process or criteria used to select the Underlying Funds; (vii) that security holders of the Top Fund are entitled to receive from the Filer or an affiliate of the Filer, on request and free of charge, the following documents of any Underlying Fund in which the Top Fund invests: (1) the prospectus, offering memorandum, where available, or other disclosure document, as applicable, and (2) the annual and interim financial statements; (l) within three months from the date the Initial Top Fund or a Top Fund in existence as of the date of this decision invests in an Underlying Fund, the Filer delivers to each existing securityholder of the Initial Top Fund or existing Top Fund, as applicable, the offering memorandum or disclosure document providing the disclosure contemplated in paragraph (k); and (m) the Filer or an affiliate will annually inform investors in a Top Fund of their right to receive from the Filer or affiliate, on request and free of charge, a copy of the prospectus, offering memorandum or other similar disclosure document of each Underlying Fund, as applicable, and the annual audited financial statements and interim financial reports relating to each Underlying Fund in which the Top Fund invests. The Consent Requirement Relief Manager, Investment Funds and Structured Products Branch The Related Issuer Relief "Poonam Puri" WHEREAS on June 13, 2019, the Ontario Securities Commission held a hearing at the offices of the Commission, located at 20 Queen Street West, 17th Floor, Toronto, Ontario; ON HEARING the submissions of the representatives for Staff of the Commission (Staff) and for BDO Canada LLP (BDO); 1. BDO shall file and serve a witness list, and serve a summary of each witness's anticipated evidence on Staff, and indicate any intention to call an expert witness by no later than July 25, 2019; 2. each party shall file a completed copy of the E-hearing Checklist for the Hearing on the Merits by no later than August 2, 2019; and 3. an Attendance in this matter is scheduled for August 12, 2019 at 10:00 a.m., or on such other date and time as may be agreed to by the parties and set by the Office of the Secretary. 360 Treasury Systems AG -- s. 147 Application for an order that a Multilateral Trading Facility registered with the German Federal Financial Services Authority is exempt from the requirement to be recognized as an exchange in Ontario -- requested order granted. Securities Act, R.S.O. 1990, c. S.5, as am., ss. 21, 147. IN THE MATTER OF THE SECURITIES ACT, R.S.O. 1990, CHAPTER S. 5, AS AMENDED (THE ACT) AND IN THE MATTER OF 360 TREASURY SYSTEMS AG WHEREAS 360 Treasury Systems AG (Applicant) has filed an application dated July 27, 2018 (Application) with the Ontario Securities Commission (Commission) requesting an order pursuant to section 147 of the Act exempting the Applicant from the requirement to be recognized as an exchange under subsection 21(1) of the Act (Exchange Relief); AND WHEREAS the German Federal Financial Services Authority (BaFin) authorized the Applicant to act as the operator of a multilateral trading facility (MTF) under the German Securities Trading Act (Wertpapierhandelsgesetz) (WpHG) on January 11, 2017; AND WHEREAS the Applicant has represented to the Commission that: 1.1 The Applicant is a stock corporation organized under the laws of the Federal Republic of Germany, and is wholly owned by its direct parent company, 360T Verwaltungs GmbH, and is indirectly wholly owned by its ultimate parent company, Deutsche Börse AG; 1.2 The Applicant is authorized by BaFin to act as the operator of a MTF for FX derivative instruments under WpHG; 1.3 The Applicant's MTF supports request-for-quote trading in FX derivative instruments; 1.4 Each member of the Applicant's MTF must qualify as an "eligible counterparty" or "professional client" under the Markets in Financial Instruments Directive 2014/65/EU (MiFID II) and the Markets in Financial Instruments Regulation (EU) No 600/2014 (MiFIR), both as amended; 1.5 An MTF is obliged under BaFin rules to have requirements governing the conduct of members, to monitor compliance with those requirements and to discipline its members, including by means other than exclusion from the Applicant's trading platform; 1.6 The Applicant monitors the trading activity conducted under its MTF's rules with a view to identifying breaches of such rules, disorderly trading and conduct that may amount to market abuse; 1.7 Because the Applicant regulates the conduct of its members, it is considered by the Commission to be an exchange; 1.8 Because the Applicant will have members located in Ontario, it will be considered by the Commission to be carrying on business as an exchange in Ontario and will be required to be recognized as such or exempted from recognition pursuant to section 21 of the Act; 1.9 The Applicant does not list or trade derivative instruments that are required to be cleared; 1.10 The Applicant has no physical presence in Ontario and does not otherwise carry on business in Ontario except as described herein; and 1.11 The Applicant satisfies all the Criteria for Exemption as described in Appendix 1 to Schedule "A"; AND WHEREAS the products traded on the Applicant's MTF are not commodity futures contracts as defined in the Commodity Futures Act (Ontario) and the Applicant is not considered to be carrying on business as a commodity futures exchange in Ontario; AND WHEREAS the Commission will monitor developments in international and domestic capital markets and the Applicant's activities on an ongoing basis to determine whether it is appropriate for the Exchange Relief to continue to be granted subject to the terms and conditions set out in Schedule "A" to this order; AND WHEREAS the Applicant has acknowledged to the Commission that the scope of the Exchange Relief and the terms and conditions imposed by the Commission set out in Schedule "A" to this order may change as a result of the Commission's monitoring of developments in international and domestic capital markets or the Applicant's activities, or as a result of any changes to the laws in Ontario affecting trading in derivatives or securities; AND WHEREAS based on the Application, together with the representations made by and acknowledgements of the Applicant to the Commission, the Commission has determined that Applicant satisfies the criteria set out in Appendix 1 to Schedule "A" and that the granting of the Exchange Relief would not be prejudicial to the public interest; IT IS HEREBY ORDERED by the Commission that, pursuant to section 147 of the Act, the Applicant is exempt from recognition as an exchange under subsection 21(1) of the Act, PROVIDED THAT the Applicant complies with the terms and conditions contained in Schedule "A." DATED June 14, 2019. "Mary Anne De Monte-Whelan" SCHEDULE "A" Meeting Criteria for Exemption 1. 360 Treasury Systems AG ("360T") will continue to meet the criteria for exemption included in Appendix 1 to this Schedule. Regulation and Oversight of 360T 2. 360T will maintain its registration as a multilateral trading facility ("MTF") with the German Federal Financial Services Authority ("BaFin") and will continue to be subject to the regulatory oversight of BaFin. 3. 360T will continue to comply with the ongoing requirements applicable to it as an MTF registered with BaFin. 4. 360T will promptly notify the Commission if its registration as an MTF has been revoked, suspended, or amended by BaFin, or the basis on which its registration as an MTF has been granted has significantly changed. 5. 360T must do everything within its control, which includes cooperating with the Commission as needed, to carry out its activities as an exchange exempted from recognition under subsection 21(1) of the Act in compliance with Ontario securities law. 6. 360T will not provide direct access to a participant in Ontario ("Ontario User") unless the Ontario User is appropriately registered as applicable under Ontario securities laws or exempt from or not subject to those requirements, and qualifies an "eligible counterparty" or "professional client" under the Markets in Financial Instruments Directive 2014/65/EU (MiFID II) and the Markets in Financial Instruments Regulation (EU) No 600/2014 (MiFIR), both as amended. 7. For each Ontario User provided direct access to its MTF, 360T will require, as part of its application documentation or continued access to the MTF, the Ontario User to represent that it is appropriately registered as applicable under Ontario securities laws or is exempt from or not subject to those requirements. 8. 360T may reasonably rely on a written representation from the Ontario User that specifies either that it is appropriately registered as applicable under Ontario securities laws or is exempt from or not subject to those requirements, provided 360T notifies such Ontario User that this representation is deemed to be repeated each time it enters an order, request for quote or response to a request for quote or otherwise uses the MTF. 9. 360T will require Ontario Users to notify 360T if their registration as applicable under Ontario securities laws has been revoked, suspended, or amended by the Commission or if they are no longer exempt from or become subject to those requirements and, following notice from the Ontario User and subject to applicable laws, 360T will promptly restrict the Ontario User's access to 360T if the Ontario User is no longer appropriately registered or exempt from those requirements. 10. 360T must make available to Ontario Users appropriate training for each person who has access to trade on 360T's facilities. Trading by Ontario Users 11. 360T will not provide access to an Ontario User to trading in products other than "swaps," as defined in section 1a(47) of the United States Commodity Exchange Act ("CEA") as amended (and for greater certainty, excluding security-based swaps), without prior Commission approval. Submission to Jurisdiction and Agent for Service 12. With respect to a proceeding brought by the Commission arising out of, related to, concerning or in any other manner connected with the Commission's regulation and oversight of the activities of 360T in Ontario, 360T will submit to the non-exclusive jurisdiction of (i) the courts and administrative tribunals of Ontario and (ii) an administrative proceeding in Ontario. 13. 360T will file with the Commission a valid and binding appointment of an agent for service in Ontario upon whom the Commission may serve a notice, pleading, subpoena, summons or other process in any action, investigation or administrative, criminal, quasi-criminal, penal or other proceeding arising out of, related to, concerning or in any other manner connected with the Commission's regulation and oversight of 360T's activities in Ontario. 14. 360T will provide to its Ontario Users disclosure that states that: (a) rights and remedies against 360T may only be governed by the laws of Germany, rather than the laws of Ontario and may be required to be pursued in Germany rather than in Ontario; (b) the rules applicable to trading on 360T may be governed by the laws of Germany, rather than the laws of Ontario; and (c) 360T is regulated by BaFin, rather than the Commission. Prompt Reporting 15. 360T will notify staff of the Commission promptly of any of: (a) any material change to its business or operations or the information provided in the Application, including, but not limited to material changes: (i) to the regulatory oversight by BaFin; (ii) the corporate governance structure of 360T; (iii) the access model, including eligibility criteria, for Ontario Users; (iv) systems and technology; and (v) the clearing and settlement arrangements for 360T; (b) any change in 360T regulations or the laws, rules and regulations in Germany relevant to the financial instruments available for trading on 360T's MTF where such change may materially affect its ability to meet the criteria set out in Appendix I to this Schedule; (c) any condition or change in circumstances whereby 360T is unable or anticipates it will not be able to continue to meet any applicable requirements or regulations of BaFin; (d) any known investigations of, or disciplinary action against, 360T by BaFin or any other regulatory authority to which it is subject; (e) any matter known to 360T that may materially and adversely affect its financial or operational viability, including, but not limited to, any declaration of an emergency pursuant to 360T's rules; (f) any default, insolvency, or bankruptcy of a participant known to 360T or its representatives that may have a material, adverse impact upon 360T; and (g) any material systems outage, malfunction or delay. 16. 360T will promptly provide staff of the Commission with the following information to the extent it is required to provide to or file such information with BaFin: (a) details of any material legal proceeding instituted against 360T; (b) notification that 360T has instituted a petition for a judgment of bankruptcy or insolvency or similar relief, or to wind up or liquidate 360T or has a proceeding for any such petition instituted against it; and (c) the appointment of a receiver or the making of any voluntary arrangement with creditors. Quarterly Reporting 17. 360T will maintain the following updated information and submit such information in a manner and form acceptable to the Commission on a quarterly basis (within 30 days of the end of each calendar quarter), and at any time promptly upon the request of staff of the Commission: (a) a current list of all Ontario Users and whether the Ontario User is registered under Ontario securities laws or is exempt from or not subject to registration, and, to the extent known by 360T, other persons or companies located in Ontario trading on the MTF as customers of participants (Other Ontario Participants); (b) the legal entity identifier assigned to each Ontario User, and, to the extent known by 360T, to Other Ontario Participants in accordance with the standards set by the Global Legal Entity Identifier System; (c) a list of all Ontario Users whom 360T has referred to BaFin, or, to the best of 360T's knowledge, whom have been disciplined by BaFin with respect to such Ontario Users' activities on the MTF and the aggregate number of all participants referred to BaFin in the last quarter by 360T; (d) a list of all active investigations during the quarter by 360T relating to Ontario Users and the aggregate number of active investigations during the quarter relating to all participants undertaken by 360T; (e) a list of all Ontario applicants for status as a participant who were denied such status or access to 360T during the quarter, together with the reasons for each such denial; (f) a list of all additions, deletions, or changes to the products available for trading since the prior quarter; (g) for each product, (i) the total trading volume and value originating from Ontario Users, and, to the extent known by 360T, from Other Ontario Participants, presented on a per Ontario User or per Other Ontario Participant basis; and (ii) the proportion of worldwide trading volume and value on 360T conducted by Ontario Users, and, to the extent known by 360T, by Other Ontario Participants, presented in the aggregate for such Ontario Users and Other Ontario Participants; provided in the required format; and (h) a list outlining each material incident of a security breach, systems failure, malfunction, or delay (including cyber security breaches, systems failures, malfunctions or delays reported under section 15(j) of this Schedule) that occurred at any time during the quarter for any system relating to trading activity, including trading, routing or data, specifically identifying the date, duration and reason, to the extent known or ascertainable by 360T, for the failure, malfunction or delay, and noting any corrective action taken. 18. 360T will file with the Commission any annual financial report or financial statements (audited or unaudited) of 360T provided to or filed with BaFin promptly after filing with BaFin. 19. 360T will provide such information as may be requested from time to time by, and otherwise cooperate with, the Commission or its staff, subject to any applicable privacy or other laws (including solicitor-client privilege) governing the sharing of information and the protection of personal information. CRITERIA FOR EXEMPTION OF A FOREIGN EXCHANGE TRADING OTC DERIVATIVES FROM RECOGNITION AS AN EXCHANGE PART 1 REGULATION OF THE EXCHANGE 1.1 Regulation of the Exchange The exchange is regulated in an appropriate manner in another jurisdiction by a foreign regulator (Foreign Regulator). 1.2 Authority of the Foreign Regulator The Foreign Regulator has the appropriate authority and procedures for oversight of the exchange. This includes regular, periodic oversight reviews of the exchange by the Foreign Regulator. (a) effective oversight of the exchange, (b) that business and regulatory decisions are in keeping with its public interest mandate, (ii) a proper balance among the interests of the different persons or companies using the services and facilities of the exchange, (d) the exchange has policies and procedures to appropriately identify and manage conflicts of interest for all officers, directors and employees, and The exchange has policies and procedures under which it will take reasonable steps, and has taken such reasonable steps, to ensure that each director and officer is a fit and proper person and past conduct of each officer or director affords reasonable grounds for belief that the officer or director will perform his or her duties with integrity. PART 3 REGULATION OF PRODUCTS 3.1 Review and Approval of Products The products traded on the exchange and any changes thereto are submitted to the Foreign Regulator, and are either approved by the Foreign Regulator or are subject to requirements established by the Foreign Regulator that must be met before implementation of a product or changes to a product. 3.2 Product Specifications The terms and conditions of trading the products are in conformity with the usual commercial customs and practices for the trading of such products. 3.3 Risks Associated with Trading Products The exchange maintains adequate provisions to measure, manage and mitigate the risks associated with trading products on the exchange that may include, but are not limited to, daily trading limits, price limits, position limits, and internal controls. (a) The exchange has established appropriate written standards for access to its services including requirements to ensure (i) participants are appropriately registered as applicable under Ontario securities laws, or exempted from these requirements, (ii) the competence, integrity and authority of systems users, and (iii) systems users are adequately supervised. (c) The exchange does not unreasonably prohibit, condition or limit access by a person or company to services offered by it. (d) The exchange does not (i) permit unreasonable discrimination among participants, or (ii) impose any burden on competition that is not reasonably necessary and appropriate. (e) The exchange keeps records of each grant and each denial or limitation of access, including reasons for granting, denying or limiting access. PART 5 REGULATION OF PARTICIPANTS ON THE EXCHANGE The exchange has the authority, resources, capabilities, systems and processes to allow it to perform its regulation functions, whether directly or indirectly through a regulation services provider, including setting requirements governing the conduct of its participants, monitoring their conduct, and appropriately disciplining them for violations of exchange requirements. PART 6 RULEMAKING 6.1 Purpose of Rules (a) The exchange has rules, policies and other similar instruments (Rules) that are designed to appropriately govern the operations and activities of participants and do not permit unreasonable discrimination among participants or impose any burden on competition that is not reasonably necessary or appropriate. (b) The Rules are not contrary to the public interest and are designed to (i) ensure compliance with applicable legislation, (ii) prevent fraudulent and manipulative acts and practices, (iii) promote just and equitable principles of trade, (iv) foster co-operation and co-ordination with persons or companies engaged in regulating, clearing, settling, processing information with respect to, and facilitating transactions in the products traded on the exchange, (v) provide a framework for disciplinary and enforcement actions, and (vi) ensure a fair and orderly market. For any decision made by the exchange that affects a participant, or an applicant to be a participant, including a decision in relation to access, exemptions, or discipline, the exchange ensures that: (b) it keeps a record of, gives reasons for, and provides for appeals or reviews of its decisions. 8.1 Clearing Arrangements The exchange has or requires its participants to have appropriate arrangements for the clearing and settlement of transactions for which clearing is mandatory through a clearing house.{1} 8.2 Risk Management of Clearing House The exchange has assured itself that the clearing house has established appropriate risk management policies and procedures, contingency plans, default procedures and internal controls. 9.1 Systems and Technology Each of the exchange's critical systems has appropriate internal controls to ensure completeness, accuracy, integrity and security of information, and, in addition, has sufficient capacity and business continuity plans to enable the exchange to properly carry on its business. Critical systems are those that support the following functions: (a) order entry, (b) order routing, (c) execution, (d) trade reporting, (e) trade comparison, (f) data feeds, (g) market surveillance, (h) trade clearing, and (i) financial reporting. 9.2 System Capability/Scalability Without limiting the generality of section 9.1, for each of its systems supporting order entry, order routing, execution, data feeds, trade reporting and trade comparison, the exchange: (a) makes reasonable current and future capacity estimates; (b) conducts capacity stress tests to determine the ability of those systems to process transactions in an accurate, timely and efficient manner; (c) reviews the vulnerability of those systems and data centre computer operations to internal and external threats, including physical hazards and natural disasters; (d) ensures that safeguards that protect a system against unauthorized access, internal failures, human errors, attacks and natural catastrophes that might cause improper disclosures, modification, destruction or denial of service are subject to an independent and ongoing audit which should include the physical environment, system capacity, operating system testing, documentation, internal controls and contingency plans; (e) ensures that the configuration of the system has been reviewed to identify potential points of failure, lack of back-up and redundant capabilities; (f) maintains reasonable procedures to review and keep current the development and testing methodology of those systems; and (g) maintains reasonable back-up, contingency and business continuity plans, disaster recovery plans and internal controls. The exchange has appropriate risk management procedures in place including those that handle trading errors, trading halts and respond to market disruptions and disorderly trading. PART 10 FINANCIAL VIABILITY 10.1 Financial Viability PART 11 TRADING PRACTICES 11.1 Trading Practices Trading practices are fair, properly supervised and not contrary to the public interest. 11.2 Orders Rules pertaining to order size and limits are fair and equitable to all market participants and the system for accepting and distinguishing between and executing different types of orders is fair, equitable and transparent. 11.3 Transparency The exchange has adequate arrangements to record and publish accurate and timely information as required by applicable law or the Foreign Regulator. This information is also provided to all participants on an equitable basis. PART 12 COMPLIANCE, SURVEILLANCE AND ENFORCEMENT 12.1 Jurisdiction The exchange or the Foreign Regulator has the jurisdiction to perform member and market regulation, including the ability to set rules, conduct compliance reviews and perform surveillance and enforcement. 12.2 Member and Market Regulation The exchange or the Foreign Regulator maintains appropriate systems, resources and procedures for evaluating compliance with exchange and legislative requirements and for disciplining participants. 12.3 Availability of Information to Regulators The exchange has mechanisms in place to ensure that the information necessary to conduct adequate surveillance of the system for supervisory or enforcement purposes is available to the relevant regulatory authorities, including the Commission, on a timely basis. PART 13 RECORD KEEPING 13.1 Record Keeping The exchange has and maintains adequate systems in place for the keeping of books and records, including, but not limited to, those concerning the operations of the exchange, audit trail information on all trades, and compliance with, and/or violations of exchange requirements. PART 14 OUTSOURCING 14.1 Outsourcing Where the exchange has outsourced any of its key services or systems to a service provider, it has appropriate and formal arrangements and processes in place that permit it to meet its obligations and that are in accordance with industry best practices. (a) All fees imposed by the exchange are reasonable and equitably allocated and do not have the effect of creating an unreasonable condition or limit on access by participants to the services offered by the exchange. PART 16 INFORMATION SHARING AND OVERSIGHT ARRANGEMENTS The exchange has mechanisms in place to enable it to share information and otherwise co-operate with the Commission, self-regulatory organizations, other exchanges, clearing agencies, investor protection funds, and other appropriate regulatory bodies. 16.2 Oversight Arrangements Satisfactory information sharing and oversight agreements exist between the Commission and the Foreign Regulator. PART 17 IOSCO PRINCIPLES 17.1 IOSCO Principles To the extent it is consistent with the laws of the foreign jurisdiction, the exchange adheres to the standards of the International Organisation of Securities Commissions (IOSCO) including those set out in the "Principles for the Regulation and Supervision of Commodity Derivatives Markets" (2011). {1} For the purposes of these criteria, "clearing house" also means a "clearing agency". PharmaCielo Ltd. -- s. 1(11)(b) Subsection 1(11)(b) -- Order that the issuer is a reporting issuer for the purposes of Ontario securities law -- Issuer is already a reporting issuer in British Columbia and Alberta -- Issuer's securities listed for trading on the TSX Venture Exchange -- Continuous disclosure requirements in British Columbia and Alberta are substantially the same as those in Ontario -- Issuer has a significant connection to Ontario. IN THE MATTER OF THE SECURITIES ACT R.S.O. 1990 CHAPTER S.5, AS AMENDED (the Act) AND IN THE MATTER OF PHARMACIELO LTD. ORDER (Subsection 1(11)(b)) UPON the application of PharmaCielo Ltd. (the Applicant) to the Ontario Securities Commission (the Commission) for an order pursuant to subsection 1(11)(b) of the Act that, for the purposes of Ontario securities law, the Applicant is a reporting issuer in Ontario; AND UPON considering the application and the recommendation of the staff of the Commission; AND UPON the Applicant having represented to the Commission as follows: 1. The Applicant was incorporated under the Business Corporations Act (British Columbia) as AAJ Capital 1 Corp. (AAJ) on May 30, 2017. The Applicant's head office is located at 82 Richmond Street East, Toronto, Ontario M5C 1P1. 2. On January 15, 2019, the Applicant completed a qualifying transaction pursuant to the policies of the TSX Venture Exchange (the TSXV) whereby 10949469 Canada Inc. (AAJ Sub), a wholly owned subsidiary of the Applicant, acquired all of the issued and outstanding common shares of PharmaCielo Ltd. (PharmaCielo Private Co), pursuant to a plan of arrangement (the Arrangement) under an arrangement agreement between the Applicant, AAJ Sub, and PharmaCielo Private Co dated August 17, 2018. Pursuant to the Arrangement, PharmaCielo Private Co and AAJ Sub amalgamated and continued as a wholly owned subsidiary of the Applicant, and the Applicant changed its name to PharmaCielo Ltd. 3. The authorized share capital of the Applicant consists of an unlimited number of common shares (Common Shares) and an unlimited number of preferred shares (Preferred Shares). As of the date hereof, 96,442,373 Common Shares are issued and outstanding. No Preferred Shares are issued and outstanding. 4. The Applicant has been a reporting issuer under the Securities Act (British Columbia) (the BC Act) and under the Securities Act (Alberta) (the Alberta Act) since January 30, 2018 when it was first listed on the TSXV. 5. The Applicant is not a reporting issuer or the equivalent in any jurisdiction in Canada other than Alberta and British Columbia. 6. The British Columbia Securities Commission is the Applicant's current principal regulator and the Commission will be the principal regulator of the Applicant once it has obtained reporting issuer status in Ontario. Upon granting of this Order, the Applicant will amend its profile on the System for Electronic Document Analysis Retrieval (SEDAR) to indicate that the Commission is its principal regulator. 7. The Applicant is not on the lists of defaulting reporting issuers maintained pursuant to the BC Act or the Alberta Act, and is not in default of any requirement of either the BC Act or the Alberta Act or the rules and regulations made thereunder. 8. The Applicant is subject to the continuous disclosure requirements of the Alberta Act and the B.C. Act. The continuous disclosure requirements of the BC Act and the Alberta Act are substantially the same as the requirements under the Act. 9. The Common Shares are listed and posted for trading on the TSXV under the trading symbol "PCLO". The Common Shares are not traded on any other stock exchange or trading or quotation system. 10. The Applicant is not in default of any of the rules, regulations or policies of the TSXV. 11. The continuous disclosure materials filed by the Applicant under the BC Act and the Alberta Act are available on SEDAR. The Applicant made its first filing on SEDAR on November 1, 2017. 12. The TSXV requires all of its listed issuers, which are not otherwise reporting issuers in Ontario, to assess whether they have a significant connection to Ontario, as defined in Policy 1.1 of the TSXV Corporate Finance Manual, and, upon first becoming aware that it has a significant connection to Ontario, to promptly make a bona fide application to the Commission to be designated a reporting issuer in Ontario. 13. The Applicant has determined that it has a significant connection to Ontario in accordance with the policies of the TSXV. Specifically, based on the factors that: (i) as at June 3, 2019, approximately 64,565,921 of the 96,442,373 outstanding Common Shares or 66.95% are held by persons resident in Ontario; (ii) the Applicant's mind and management is principally located in Ontario; and (iii) the Applicant's head office is located in Ontario. 14. The Applicant does not have a shareholder that holds sufficient securities of the Applicant to affect materially the control of the Applicant. 15. Neither the Applicant nor any of its officers or directors has: a. been subject to any penalties or sanctions imposed by a court relating to Canadian securities legislation or by a Canadian securities regulatory authority; b. entered into a settlement agreement with a Canadian securities regulatory authority; or c. been subject to any other penalties or sanctions imposed by a court or regulatory body that would be likely to be considered important to a reasonable investor making an investment decision. 16. Neither the Applicant nor any of its officers or directors is or has been subject to: a. any known ongoing or concluded investigations by a Canadian securities regulatory authority; or a court or regulatory body, other than a Canadian securities regulatory authority, that would be likely to be considered important to a reasonable investor making an investment decision; or b. any bankruptcy or insolvency proceedings, or other proceedings, arrangements or compromises with creditors, or the appointment of a receiver, receiver-manager or trustee, within the preceding 10 years. 17. None of the officers or directors of the Applicant, is or has been at the time of such event an officer or director of any other issuer which is or has been subject to: a. any cease trade order or similar orders or order that denied access to any exemptions under Ontario securities law, for a period of more than 30 consecutive days, within the preceding 10 years; or AND UPON the Commission being satisfied that granting this Order would not be prejudicial to the public interest; IT IS HEREBY ORDERED pursuant to subsection 1(11)(b) of the Act that the Applicant is a reporting issuer for the purposes of Ontario securities law. DATED at Toronto on this 10th day of June, 2019. BetaPro NASDAQ-100® -2x Daily Bear ETF (formerly Horizons BetaPro NASDAQ-100® Bear Plus ETF) Amendment #2 to Final Long Form Prospectus dated June 12, 2019 Horizons ETFs Management (Canada) Inc. Preliminary Simplified Prospectus dated June 10, 2019 Waratah Alternative Equity Income Fund Preliminary Simplified Prospectus dated Jun 13, 2019 Class I Units CI Canadian Dividend Private Pool CI Global Equity Core Private Pool NP 11-202 Final Receipt dated Jun 14, 2019 Franklin Liberty Core Bond Plus ETF Franklin Liberty Short Duration Bond ETF Preliminary Long Form Prospectus dated Jun 11, 2019 Marret Alternative Absolute Return Bond Fund Amendment #1 to Final Simplified Prospectus dated June 10, 2019 Class FH units Class AH units Class IH units Automotive Properties Real Estate Investment Trust $73,150,000.00 -- 7,000,000 Units Price: C$10.45 per Offered Unit DESJARDINS SECURITIES INC. 893353 Alberta Inc. Avicanna Inc. Amended and Restated Preliminary Long Form Prospectus dated June 12, 2019 2,228,328 Common Shares and 1,114,164 Warrants issuable without payment upon the conversion of 2,228,328 Special Warrants Sprott Capital Partners LP by its general partner, Sprott Capital Partners GP Inc. Paradigm Capital Inc. Aras Azadian Kyle Langstaff Setu Purohit Bitfarms Ltd. Final Long Form Prospectus dated June 12, 2019 Receipted on June 13, 2019 Pierre-Luc Quimper Emiliano Joel Grodzki Mathieu Vachon Nicolas Bonta Breath of Life International Ltd. Amendment dated June 13, 2019 to Preliminary Long Form Prospectus dated May 23, 2019 C$150,000,000.00 -- * Ordinary Shares Price: C$ .* per Offered Share Brookfield Infrastructure Partners L.P. Preliminary Shelf Prospectus dated June 12, 2019 US$4,000,000,000.00 -- Limited Partnership Units Class A Preferred Limited Partnership Units Delta 9 Cannabis Inc. Principal Regulator -- Manitoba Enbridge Inc. $4,000,000,000.00 -- MEDIUM TERM NOTES (UNSECURED) Eve & Co Incorporated (formerly Carlaw Capital V Corp.) 20,900,000 Common Shares and 20,900,000 Common Share Purchase Warrants Issuable on Exercise of Outstanding Special Warrants Genesis Acquisition Corp. Preliminary CPC Prospectus dated June 12, 2019 Charles Blair Wilson Spectra7 Microsystems Inc. $3,000,000.00 -- 60,000,000 Units Price: $0.05 per Unit Sun Residential Real Estate Investment Trust Final CPC Prospectus dated June 11, 2019 MINIMUM OFFERING: $250,000.00 (2,500,000 Trust Units) MAXIMUM OFFERING: $500,000.00 (5,000,000 Trust Units) Price: C$0.10 per Trust Unit TeraGo Inc. $7,700,000.00 -- 700,000 Common Shares Price; C$11.00 per Common Share CORMARK SECURITIES INC. The Yield Growth Corp. $10,000,000.00 -- Common Shares, Debt Securities, Warrants, Units Village Farms International, Inc. US$100,000,000.00 -- Common Shares From: Exempt Market Dealer Change in Registration Category Kindigo Capital Ltd. To: Exempt Market Dealer and Commodity Trading Manager JVAR Capital Limited Portfolio Manager and Exempt Market Dealer Emerge Canada Inc. Investment Fund Manager, Portfolio Manager and Exempt Market Dealer TSX Inc. -- Enhancement of 'Seek Dark Liquidity' Functionality -- Notice of Withdrawal TSX INC. NOTICE OF WITHDRAWAL ENHANCEMENT OF 'SEEK DARK LIQUIDITY' FUNCTIONALITY In accordance with the Process for the Review and Approval of Rules and the Information Contained in Form 21-101F1 and the Exhibits thereto (the "Protocol") in Schedule 10 of the Ontario Securities Commission's recognition order recognizing Toronto Stock Exchange ("TSX") as an exchange, TSX has withdrawn the Notice of Proposed Changes and Request for Comments published on March 14, 2019 in relation to the enhancement of 'seek dark liquidity' functionality. To the extent the TSX decides to pursue the proposal again, it will be published for comment in accordance with the requirements of the Protocol. 360 Treasury Systems AG -- Application for Exemptive Relief -- Notice of Commission Order IN THE MATTER OF 360 TREASURY SYSTEMS AG NOTICE OF COMMISSION ORDER On June 14, 2019, the Commission issued an order (the Order) to 360 Treasury Systems AG (the Applicant) pursuant to section 147 of the Securities Act (Ontario) (OSA) exempting the Applicant's Multilateral Trading Facility from the requirement to be recognized as an exchange under section 21 of the OSA. A copy of the Order is published in Chapter 2 of this Bulletin. The Commission published the Applicant's application and draft exemption order for comment on April 11, 2019 on the OSC website at www.osc.gov.on.ca and provided notice of the application and order in the OSC Bulletin. No comments were received and no changes were made to the draft exemption order.	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line367
__label__wiki	0.796966	0.796966	MCM Expo Group 2016 Visitor and Exhibitor Numbers The good folks at the MCM Expo Group have sent us details of their visitor numbers for 2016. This year they saw a record total number of total attendance of 489,600 visitors up on last year’s total of 431,700. That's 57,900 more than last year. Exhibitor numbers are up too with 787 exhibitors in 2016, compared to 596 in 2015, so they've managed to attract 191 more exhibitors. The press release highlights that with these numbers, their main event (the twice yearly in May and October) MCM London Comic Con is now the third largest event of its kind in the world behind San Diego and New York Comic Cons! Press release as follows: UK comic cons continue to boom as MCM visitor and exhibitor numbers hit record levels in 2016 MCM’s 2016 events saw a record total attendance of 489,600 visitors – 13 per cent up on last year’s total of 431,700 – new figures from the UK’s leading comic con organiser have revealed. Meanwhile, exhibitor number at MCM shows saw a whopping 32 per cent year-on-year growth, soaring from 596 exhibitors in 2015 to 787 exhibitors in 2016. Attendance at MCM’s flagship London Comic Con, now the third largest event of its kind in the world behind San Diego and New York, broke the 130,000 visitor mark at both its 2016 editions – with May’s show attracting a record 133,150 and the October show 131,300. Other established MCM events enjoying increased visitor numbers in 2016 include Scotland Comic Con, with the Glasgow show attracting 32,000 visitors compared to 28,000 in 2015; Manchester Comic Con, where attendance rose from 36,300 to 38,600; and Northern Ireland Comic Con, whose attendance jumped from 10,400 to 12,400. The year also saw MCM launch a number of brand new shows at home and abroad, including comic cons in Liverpool (which brought in crowds of over 23,000) and Hannover (which saw c.10,000 visitors). However, MCM’s biggest expansion of 2016 was its acquisition of Summer in the City, the UK’s largest and most prestigious YouTube festival. Away from the show floor, MCM’s 2016 saw the company restructure to meet its expanding role – taking on more staff, adopting 'MCM Central' as its new core brand and appointing experienced events professional Gital Tete as its Chief Operating Officer. Formerly Business Development Manager at Artexis Easyfairs and Head of Events at Artexis Nordic, Gital Tete officially takes up the post on 1 January 2017. "2016 has been an extremely busy year for MCM, but also one that paves the way for an even more successful 2017," said MCM Central CEO Bryan Cooney. "Not only have London Comic Con and our other core comic con events continued to grow, but the company has expanded its portfolio of events through the acquisition of Summer in the City – an event we’ve long admired – and the launch of new shows in both the UK and mainland Europe. "In addition to an increased focus on online video thanks to our new links with Summer in the City, MCM has worked throughout the year to up our shows’ appeal for families with children – promoting our ‘kids go free’ offer and adding a new Kid Zone to our comic cons." MCM’s 2017 gets underway with the Midlands Comic Con in Telford on 11 Feb. Source: MCM Expo Group	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line368
__label__wiki	0.858201	0.858201	Pak Dramas Shows Pakistani TV , Desi Dramas,PTV Classic, Hum TV, Geo TV, ARY Digital,TV One Dramas,DVD Dramas online,Comedy Dramas,Pakistani TV Morning,Islamic, Current affairs Political Talk Shows Meri Subh Ka Sitara 7 Dec 2011 Episode 86 Geo TV Watch Online Desi / Pakistani TV New and Old Urdu Dramas,, Stage Shows - Blog Archive Nov 27 (2) Nov 12 (1) Nov 09 (6) Nov 02 (2) Apr 18 (1) Apr 17 (4) Apr 16 (6) Apr 15 (6) Apr 14 (1) Apr 13 (2) Apr 12 (8) Apr 11 (5) Apr 10 (4) Apr 09 (5) Apr 08 (3) Apr 07 (2) Apr 06 (4) Apr 05 (3) Apr 04 (4) Apr 03 (3) Apr 02 (4) Apr 01 (7) Mar 31 (2) Mar 30 (6) Mar 28 (8) Mar 27 (7) Mar 26 (6) Mar 25 (2) Mar 24 (1) Mar 23 (2) Mar 22 (9) Mar 21 (1) Mar 20 (9) Mar 19 (9) Mar 18 (3) Mar 17 (1) Mar 16 (4) Mar 15 (5) Mar 14 (13) Mar 13 (1) Mar 12 (6) Mar 11 (6) Mar 10 (2) Mar 09 (8) Mar 08 (4) Mar 07 (9) Mar 06 (1) Mar 04 (4) Mar 03 (1) Mar 02 (1) Mar 01 (1) Feb 28 (4) Feb 27 (2) Feb 26 (4) Feb 25 (2) Feb 24 (4) Feb 23 (8) Feb 22 (6) Feb 21 (6) Feb 20 (4) Feb 19 (2) Feb 18 (1) Feb 17 (4) Feb 16 (5) Feb 15 (6) Feb 14 (3) Feb 13 (1) Feb 11 (2) Feb 10 (1) Feb 09 (6) Feb 08 (2) Dec 24 (3) Dec 23 (10) Dec 21 (25) Dec 20 (25) Dec 19 (23) Dec 18 (18) Dec 17 (16) Dec 16 (5) Dec 15 (28) Dec 09 (17) Dec 08 (14) Dec 07 (20) Dec 04 (14) Dec 03 (14) Dec 02 (10) Dec 01 (14) Nov 30 (19) Nov 29 (19) Nov 28 (13) Nov 27 (13) Nov 26 (13) Nov 25 (15) Nov 24 (35) Nov 23 (26) Nov 22 (21) Nov 21 (23) Nov 20 (14) Nov 19 (20) Nov 18 (7) Nov 15 (1) Nov 08 (1) Nov 06 (2) Nov 05 (1) Oct 20 (1) Oct 19 (1) Oct 13 (1) Sep 13 (1) Sep 12 (11) Sep 11 (18) Sep 02 (19) Sep 01 (27) Aug 31 (27) Aug 30 (1) Aug 29 (1) Aug 28 (1) Aug 27 (2) Feb 08 (1) Feb 07 (22) Feb 06 (34) Feb 05 (26) Feb 04 (40) Feb 03 (48) Feb 02 (49) Feb 01 (66) Jan 31 (67) Jan 30 (48) Jan 29 (29) Jan 28 (30) Jan 27 (36) Jan 26 (54) Jan 25 (31) Jan 24 (28) Jan 23 (34) Jan 22 (35) Jan 21 (21) Jan 20 (54) Jan 19 (31) Jan 18 (29) Jan 17 (67) Jan 16 (53) Jan 15 (19) Jan 14 (46) Jan 13 (37) Jan 12 (38) Jan 11 (28) Jan 10 (43) Jan 09 (30) Jan 08 (31) Jan 07 (16) Jan 06 (69) Jan 05 (29) Jan 04 (49) Jan 03 (31) Jan 02 (44) Jan 01 (13) Dec 31 (54) Dec 30 (30) Dec 29 (37) Dec 28 (38) Dec 27 (45) Dec 26 (54) Dec 25 (45) Dec 24 (38) Dec 23 (41) Dec 22 (46) Dec 21 (40) Dec 20 (29) Dec 19 (27) Dec 18 (19) Dec 17 (22) Dec 16 (5) Dec 15 (16) Dec 14 (22) Dec 13 (36) Dec 12 (46) Dec 11 (52) Dec 10 (19) Dec 09 (38) Dec 08 (71) Dec 07 (21) Dec 06 (17) Dec 05 (22) Dec 04 (41) Dec 03 (26) Dec 02 (33) Dec 01 (37) Nov 30 (70) Nov 29 (86) Nov 28 (22) Nov 27 (83) Nov 26 (39) Nov 25 (37) Nov 24 (36) Nov 23 (52) Nov 22 (68) Nov 21 (39) Nov 18 (14) Nov 16 (3) Nov 15 (2) Nov 14 (2) Nov 11 (3) Nov 10 (24) Nov 09 (20) Nov 08 (22) Nov 07 (11) Nov 06 (18) Nov 04 (8) Nov 03 (7) Nov 02 (8) Nov 01 (20) Oct 31 (17) Oct 30 (11) Oct 29 (1) Oct 28 (9) Oct 27 (9) Oct 26 (3) Oct 25 (2) Oct 24 (32) Oct 23 (35) Oct 22 (2) Oct 21 (6) Oct 20 (8) Oct 19 (8) Oct 18 (9) Oct 17 (2) Oct 16 (33) Oct 15 (4) Oct 14 (9) Oct 13 (11) Oct 12 (13) Oct 11 (10) Oct 10 (58) Oct 09 (37) Oct 08 (38) Oct 07 (28) Oct 06 (9) Oct 05 (14) Oct 04 (35) Oct 03 (38) Oct 02 (44) Oct 01 (32) Sep 30 (65) Sep 29 (64) Sep 28 (7) Sep 27 (7) Sep 26 (45) Sep 25 (23) Sep 24 (18) Sep 23 (42) Sep 22 (63) Sep 21 (13) Sep 20 (4) Sep 19 (4) Sep 18 (2) Sep 17 (54) Sep 16 (8) Sep 15 (8) Sep 14 (6) Sep 13 (1) Sep 12 (3) Sep 11 (20) Sep 10 (12) Sep 09 (4) Sep 08 (7) Sep 07 (5) Sep 06 (6) Sep 05 (8) Sep 04 (3) Sep 03 (5) Sep 02 (7) Sep 01 (7) Aug 31 (5) Aug 30 (26) Aug 29 (22) Aug 28 (2) Aug 27 (3) Aug 26 (8) Aug 25 (7) Aug 24 (8) Aug 23 (7) Aug 22 (4) Aug 21 (8) Aug 20 (4) Aug 19 (9) Aug 18 (9) Aug 17 (9) Aug 16 (7) Aug 15 (4) Aug 14 (12) Aug 13 (31) Aug 12 (9) Aug 11 (13) Aug 10 (13) Aug 09 (10) Aug 08 (17) Aug 07 (25) Aug 06 (6) Aug 05 (8) Aug 04 (9) Aug 03 (11) Aug 02 (11) Aug 01 (2) Jul 31 (1) Jul 30 (8) Jul 29 (17) Jul 28 (8) Jul 27 (8) Jul 26 (17) Jul 24 (7) Jul 23 (2) Jul 22 (13) Jul 21 (11) Jul 20 (8) Jul 19 (13) Jul 18 (10) Jul 17 (21) Jul 16 (22) Jul 15 (3) Jul 14 (4) Jul 13 (6) Jul 12 (13) Jul 11 (7) Jul 10 (25) Jul 09 (4) Jul 08 (13) Jul 07 (16) Jul 06 (34) Jul 05 (31) Jul 04 (11) Jul 03 (77) Jul 02 (18) Jul 01 (29) Jun 30 (33) Jun 29 (5) Jun 28 (35) Jun 27 (23) Jun 25 (26) Jun 24 (15) Jun 23 (10) Jun 22 (10) Jun 21 (3) Jun 20 (3) Jun 18 (15) May 11 (7) May 05 (3) Feb 23 (1) This Blog is created exclusively for purpose of Entertainment especially Pakistani Dramas, Movies TV Shows and the opinions expressed in the material published are those of the authors and are not intended as our ( Blog Publisher). This Blogis absolutely legal and contain only Videos From other sites on the Internet, Like: Stage VU, zshare.net, YouTube, Daily Motion and many others. We do not host or upload any video, films, media files. We, (Blog Publisher) are not responsible for any aspect(The Accuracy, Compliance, Copyright, Legality, Decency, Or Any Other Aspect) of the Video contents from other sites	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line371
__label__cc	0.678595	0.321405	Aviation, Airline & Aerospace(Travel & Tourism) Philippine Airlines Selects Pratt & Whitney's PurePower® Engines for A320neo Family Aircraft Dubai Air Show, Dubai, November 12, 2015 – Philippine Airlines (PAL), the Philippine flag carrier, has signed a Memorandum of Understanding with Pratt & Whitney to power its order of 15 firm plus 15 purchase right A321neo aircraft. Deliveries are scheduled to begin in 2017. Pratt & Whitney is a United Technologies Corp. (NYSE:UTX) company. “We pride ourselves on the fact that we embrace innovative technology within our aircraft fleet,” said Jaime Bautista, president and chief operating officer, Philippine Airlines. “The A321neo aircraft with PurePower engines helps us keep our fleet young and modern. With these aircraft, we will be able to reduce our fuel burn and subsequent operating cost, which is great news for our business.” “Philippine Airlines recognizes Pratt & Whitney’s industry-leading technology, which will provide them exceptional service for many years,” said Greg Gernhardt, president, Pratt & Whitney Commercial Engines. “The PurePower engine has set the precedent in our industry for its fuel burn advantage through delivering a greater than 16 percent fuel burn improvement.” The PurePower engine family has completed more than 23,000 hours and 40,000 cycles of testing. As the first airline in Asia, Philippine Airlines has been carrying people to and from the Philippines since 1941. Philippine Airlines has a young and modern fleet of aircraft and a route network that spans 35 foreign cities and 29 domestic points. Pratt & Whitney is a world leader in the design, manufacture and service of aircraft engines and auxiliary power units. United Technologies Corp., based in Farmington, Connecticut, provides high-technology systems and services to the building and aerospace industries. To learn more about UTC, visit the website at www.utc.com or follow the company on Twitter: @UTC. This press release contains forward-looking statements concerning future business opportunities. Actual results may differ materially from those projected as a result of certain risks and uncertainties, including but not limited to changes in levels of demand in the aerospace industry, in levels of air travel, and in the number of aircraft to be built; challenges in the design, development, production and support of advanced technologies; the ability of the parties to reach a definitive agreement for the sale and support of engines; as well as other risks and uncertainties, including but not limited to those detailed from time to time in United Technologies Corp.'s Securities and Exchange Commission filings. PR Category : Travel & Tourism Posted on : Thursday, November 12, 2015 6:23:00 PM UAE local time (GMT+4) More from Travel & Tourism Turkish Airlines records impressive Q1 passenger growth in the Middle East Amazing Day 3 for Global Innovations at ATM 2019 Second Day of Global Innovations Attracts Innumerable Travel Enthusiasts from Different Re... Successful Day 1 For Global Innovations At ATM 2019. A Re-branded Global Innovations is thrilled to announce the launch of a new product at the... Qatar Airways Group Chief Executive Tours Muscat International Airport in an Official Visi... Turkish Airlines introduces its new The LEGO® Movie 2 Inflight Safety Video, before moving... Turkish Airlines reached the 80.2% Load Factor in December 2018. 19 reasons to fly with British Airways in 2019 Turkish Airlines reached 83.4% Load Factor in October Lufthansa Group achieves best result in its history Jazeera Airways announces FY2017 financial results Qabala joins Air Arabia's Azerbaijan network Emirates to operate special A380 flight to Kuwait for UAE supporters to attend Arabian Gul... Dubai Wins Red Diamond Award for World's Greatest New Year's Celebration! Back to Travel & Tourism Police Is the Official Eyewear in the Sony Pictures Film “Men in Blacktm: International” [14457-Views] Chloé Launches The New Cloud-shaped “rosie” Sunglasses [10717-Views] Qatar Post organizes “Iftar of the Fasting” drive for the third consecutive year [3870-Views] Ralph Lauren at The Championships, Wimbledon – Sunday 14th July Education Above All (Eaa) and Strategic Partners: “an Acceleration of ... Qatar Insurance wins “Best Digital Transformation in Insurance Award”	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line373
__label__wiki	0.570799	0.570799	Religious pluralism and participation: why previous research is wrong Voas, David and Olsen, Daniel and Crockett, Alasdair (2001) 'Religious pluralism and participation: why previous research is wrong.' American Sociological Review, 67 (2). pp. 212-231. ISSN 0003-1224 Official URL: https://www.iser.essex.ac.uk/publication/519423 Does religious pluralism undermine or promote religious involvement?. Some secularization theories contend that diversity breeds loss of belief and lower participation. The religious economies model counters that involvement is boosted by the availability of alternative religious suppliers and the competition that results, with each group working harder to gain adherents. The issue is sufficiently important that a recent review found 193 tests of this question in 26 published articles. Almost all of these findings (both positive arid negative) should be abandoned. The associations reported do not reflect the effects of pluralism but a previously overlooked mathematical relationship between measures of religious participation and the index of pluralism. Even when pluralism has no effect on participation, the correlation between these two variables is likely to be non zero. The sign and magnitude of this expected correlation depends on the nature of the size distributions of the religious groups across the areas studied. Results from several frequently cited studies closely atch what would be expected from chance alone. Various alternative methods for studying pluralism in future research are examined, but currently there is no compelling evidence that religious pluralism has any effect on religious involvement. Faculty of Social Sciences > Institute for Social and Economic Research	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line383
__label__cc	0.550047	0.449953	We use cookies to help give you the best experience on our website. By continuing without changing your cookie settings, we assume you agree to this. Please read our cookie policy to find out more. University College Cork Conor O'Mahony My UCC ‍Home ‍Visited Pages ‍Favourites Visit UCC Incoming First Year Students About UCC Research Research Themes, Institutes and Centres Innovation and Technology Transfer Discover UCC Leadership and Strategy Cork City and Region Academic Schools and Departments Support and Service Departments Work with UCC Students Recruit UCC Graduates Centre for Continuing Professional Development Benefits & Information Support UCC Cork University Foundation ‍ Home ‍ Visited Pages ‍ Favourites Search UCC.ie Site Search Text View All Results ‍ ‍Twitter ‍Facebook ‍Linkedin Tyndall Microsystems Dr. Conor O’Mahony is a Senior Research Scientist with the Tyndall National Institute, and an Adjunct Professor at Chongqing Technology and Business University, China. Involved in microsystems design and fabrication since 1998, he received the M. Eng. Sc. (2001) and Ph.D. (2004) degrees at the National Microelectronics Research Centre (NMRC), Cork, Ireland, for work on surface micromachining technologies and capacitive radio-frequency MEMS switches. He is currently leading a team focussed on the development of Micro Transdermal Interface Platforms (MicroTIPs) – high-value, wearable systems that combine elements of transdermal delivery, diagnostics, self-awareness and communications capabilities. These ‘smart patches’ interact with the outermost skin layers in a minimally invasive manner, and will blur the lines between implantable medical devices and the current generation of wearable electronics. He has secured and managed research funding worth over €3M, and major projects currently underway by the team include the EU H2020 funded project ‘InForMed, which will create intelligent medical dressings for automated wound monitoring; the Enterprise Ireland-funded ‘SmartPatch’ activity that is developing intelligent drug delivery systems, and an FFG (Austria)-supported collaboration on ECG sensors. These projects form part of Tyndall’s ICT for Health strategy, following a technology roadmap towards the development of multifunctional ‘smart patches’ for theranostic applications. Since 2008 he has also been responsible for the management of Tyndall’s microneedle research programme, which fabricates silicon and polymer microneedle-based devices for a wide range of biomedical applications including drug and vaccine delivery, diagnostics, electroporation and physiological signal monitoring. Prior to this (2004-2007) he was a Staff Researcher at the Tyndall National Institute, leading multiple projects spanning the fields of radio-frequency MEMS switches and varactors, environmental sensors, wafer-level packaging and modelling of MEMS. He works with over twenty national and international academic and industrial collaborators, and has a track record in delivering impact through commercialisation, non-exchequer investment and public awareness. He is a member of the Executive Board of Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering, reviews for fifteen international technology journals, and has acted as external examiner at eight international universities. He has published over one hundred and eighty research papers in journals and at conferences, and has given invited talks in Ireland, Europe, the US, Japan and China. In total he has filed nine patent applications and Invention Disclosure Notifications in the field of MEMS and micromachining, which are the subject of licence agreements with four separate companies. He has chaired the 2nd International Conference on Microneedles (2012) and the 27th Micromechanics and Microsystems Europe Workshop (MME 2016) and is a member of the Steering Committee for both events. He was a member of the team which received the University College Cork Research Team of the Year Award 2012, and is a Senior Member of the IEEE.‍ Dr. O’Mahony’s research interests are centered around the development of advanced microfabrication and microengineering technologies that can be used to create a range of sensors and transducers for use in medical, environmental and telecommunications applications. The resulting Micro Transdermal Interface Platforms (MicroTIPs) are high-value, wearable systems that combine transdermal delivery, diagnostics, self-awareness and communications capabilities. These ‘smart patches’ interact with the outermost skin layers in a minimally invasive manner, and will blur the lines between implantable medical devices and the current generation of wearable electronics. Particular areas of expertise include - sensors, structures and systems for multifunctional 'smart patches' and the 'wearable clinic'; ICT-based transdermal interface platforms; microneedle-based devices for transdermal delivery, sensing and diagnostics; wafer-level packaging for microelectromechanical systems; microsensors for environmental monitoring; capacitive microswitches and varactors for telecommunications; finite-element modelling of MEMS structures. Intelligant wearable transderamal drug delivery system Enterprise Irl 01-SEP-17 31-AUG-19 €519,200.00 Intelligant wearable transderamal drug delivery system Industry/EI Projects 01-SEP-17 31-AUG-19 €140,000.00 ECSEL JTI (An Integrated pilot line for micro fabricated medical devices) Enterprise Irl 01-JUN-15 30-SEP-18 €473,006.00 Development of Injection Moulding and Surface Modification Processes for Mass Fabrication of Micro Needles Miscellaneous 01-APR-16 31-MAR-18 €135,507.00 Conference MME 2016 Miscellaneous Non Exchequer 01-SEP-15 28-FEB-17 €48,750.00 Micro-needle based medical devices. Foreign Industry 01-APR-14 30-SEP-15 €74,590.00 Dry Electrodes for Transdermal Sensing and Diagnostics. Enterprise Irl 14-JAN-13 13-JUN-14 €128,809.00 Feasibility Study Grant. Enterprise Irl 01-FEB-14 01-MAY-14 €11,684.00 2nd International Conference on Microneedles. Miscellaneous Non Exchequer 01-NOV-11 01-APR-14 €49,700.00 Microneedle-mediated delivery of calcipitroil and betamethasone dipropionate. Foreign Industry 01-FEB-12 02-FEB-14 €80,428.00 Collaborative project. Enterprise Irl 01-MAR-12 28-FEB-13 €26,363.00 EI 'Development of a Transdermal Vaccine Delivery System' - Tyndall Enterprise Irl 01-JAN-08 31-DEC-10 €149,163.00 EI Travel Support FP7-ICT-2009-5 Enterprise Irl 22-JUN-09 03-NOV-09 €950.00 EI FP/2009/510 : Enterprise Irl 09-SEP-09 26-OCT-09 €1,300.00 IP/2006/0317 Enterprise Irl 01-JUL-06 31-DEC-99 €91,790.00 (2017) 'Hydrodynamic gene delivery in human skin using a hollow microneedle device' Dul, M.,Stefanidou, M.,Porta, P.,Serve, J.,O'Mahony, C.,Malissen, B.,Henri, S.,Levin, Y.,Kochba, E.,Wong, F. S.,Dayan, C.,Coulman, S. A.,Birchall, J. C. (2017) 'Hydrodynamic gene delivery in human skin using a hollow microneedle device'. Journal of Controlled Release, 265 :120-131 [DOI] [Details] (2017) 'Impedance Sensor to Detect Substance Change at the Needle Tip' Helen, L.,O'Donnell, B. D.,Messina, W.,O'Mahony, C.,Ahmed, O. M. A.,Moore, E. J. (2017) 'Impedance Sensor to Detect Substance Change at the Needle Tip'. Electroanalysis, 29 (11):2533-2540 [DOI] [Details] (2017) 'Accuracy and feasibility of piezoelectric inkjet coating technology for applications in microneedle-based transdermal delivery' O'Mahony, C.,Hilliard, L.,Kosch, T.,Bocchino, A.,Sulas, E.,Kenthao, A.,O'Callaghan, S.,Clover, A. J. P.,Demarchi, D.,Bared, G. (2017) 'Accuracy and feasibility of piezoelectric inkjet coating technology for applications in microneedle-based transdermal delivery'. Microelectronic Engineering, 172 :19-25 [DOI] [Details] (2016) 'Dissolvable microneedle fabrication using piezoelectric dispensing technology' Allen, E. A.,O'Mahony, C.,Cronin, M.,O'Mahony, T.,Moore, A. C.,Crean, A. M. (2016) 'Dissolvable microneedle fabrication using piezoelectric dispensing technology'. International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 500 (1-2):1-10 [DOI] [Details] (2016) 'Design, fabrication and skin-electrode contact analysis of polymer microneedle-based ECG electrodes' O'Mahony, C.,Grygoryev, K.,Ciarlone, A.,Giannoni, G.,Kenthao, A.,Galvin, P. (2016) 'Design, fabrication and skin-electrode contact analysis of polymer microneedle-based ECG electrodes'. Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering, 26 (8) [DOI] [Details] (2015) 'Induction of CD8(+) T cell responses and protective efficacy following microneedle-mediated delivery of a live adenovirus-vectored malaria vaccine' Pearson, F. E.,O'Mahony, C.,Moore, A. C.,Hill, A. V. (2015) 'Induction of CD8(+) T cell responses and protective efficacy following microneedle-mediated delivery of a live adenovirus-vectored malaria vaccine'. Vaccine, 33 (28):3248-55 [DOI] [Details] (2015) 'Development of Low Cost Rapid Fabrication of Sharp Polymer Microneedles for In Vivo Glucose Biosensing Applications' Barrett, C.,Dawson, K.,O'Mahony, C.,O'Riordan, A. (2015) 'Development of Low Cost Rapid Fabrication of Sharp Polymer Microneedles for In Vivo Glucose Biosensing Applications'. ECS Journal of Solid State Science and Technology, 4 (10) [DOI] [Details] (2015) 'Identification of the transient stress-induced leakage current in silicon dioxide films for use in microelectromechanical systems capacitive switches' Ryan, C.,Olszewski, Z.,Houlihan, R.,O'Mahony, C.,Blake, A.,Duane, R. (2015) 'Identification of the transient stress-induced leakage current in silicon dioxide films for use in microelectromechanical systems capacitive switches'. Applied Physics Letters, 106 (17) [DOI] [Details] (2014) 'Microneedle-mediated immunization of an adenovirus-based malaria vaccine enhances antigen-specific antibody immunity and reduces anti-vector responses compared to the intradermal route' Carey, J. B.,Vrdoljak, A.,O'Mahony, C.,Hill, A. V.,Draper, S. J.,Moore, A. C. (2014) 'Microneedle-mediated immunization of an adenovirus-based malaria vaccine enhances antigen-specific antibody immunity and reduces anti-vector responses compared to the intradermal route'. Sci Rep, 4 [DOI] [Details] (2014) 'Hydrogel-forming and dissolving microneedles for enhanced delivery of photosensitizers and precursors' Donnelly, R. F.,Morrow, D. I.,McCrudden, M. T.,Alkilani, A. Z.,Vicente-Perez, E. M.,O'Mahony, C.,Gonzalez-Vazquez, P.,McCarron, P. A.,Woolfson, A. D. (2014) 'Hydrogel-forming and dissolving microneedles for enhanced delivery of photosensitizers and precursors'. Photochemistry and photobiology, 90 (3):641-7 [DOI] [Details] (2014) 'Production of dissolvable microneedles using an atomised spray process: Effect of microneedle composition on skin penetration' McGrath, M. G.,Vucen, S.,Vrdoljak, A.,Kelly, A.,O'Mahony, C.,Crean, A. M.,Moore, A. (2014) 'Production of dissolvable microneedles using an atomised spray process: Effect of microneedle composition on skin penetration'. European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, 86 (2):200-211 [DOI] [Details] (2014) 'Structural characterization and in-vivo reliability evaluation of silicon microneedles' O'Mahony, C. (2014) 'Structural characterization and in-vivo reliability evaluation of silicon microneedles'. Biomedical Microdevices, 16 (3):333-43 [DOI] [Details] (2014) 'Reliability assessment of MEMS switches for space applications: laboratory and launch testing' O'Mahony, C.,Olszewski, O.,Hill, R.,Houlihan, R.,Ryan, C.,Rodgers, K.,Kelleher, C.,Duane, R.,Hill, M. (2014) 'Reliability assessment of MEMS switches for space applications: laboratory and launch testing'. Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering, 24 (12) [DOI] [Details] (2014) 'A simple electrical test method to isolate viscoelasticity and creep in capacitive microelectromechanical switches' Ryan, C.,Olszewski, Z.,Houlihan, R.,O'Mahony, C.,Duane, R. (2014) 'A simple electrical test method to isolate viscoelasticity and creep in capacitive microelectromechanical switches'. Applied Physics Letters, 104 (6) [DOI] [Details] (2014) 'Microscopic gel-liquid interfaces supported by hollow microneedle array for voltammetric drug detection' Vazquez, P.,Herzog, G.,O'Mahony, C.,O'Brien, J.,Scully, J.,Blake, A.,O'Mathuna, C.,Galvin, P. (2014) 'Microscopic gel-liquid interfaces supported by hollow microneedle array for voltammetric drug detection'. Sensors and Actuators B-Chemical, 201 :572-578 [Details] (2013) 'Hydrogel-forming microneedle arrays exhibit antimicrobial properties: potential for enhanced patient safety' Donnelly, R. F.,Singh, T. R.,Alkilani, A. Z.,McCrudden, M. T.,O'Neill, S.,O'Mahony, C.,Armstrong, K.,McLoone, N.,Kole, P.,Woolfson, A. D. (2013) 'Hydrogel-forming microneedle arrays exhibit antimicrobial properties: potential for enhanced patient safety'. Int J PharmInt J Pharm, 451 (1-21-2):76-91 [Details] (2013) 'Transdermal delivery of methotrexate for pediatrics using silicon microneedles' Abla, Mehtab J,Chaturvedula, Ayyappa,O'Mahony, Conor,Banga, Ajay K (2013) 'Transdermal delivery of methotrexate for pediatrics using silicon microneedles'. Therapeutic Delivery, 4 (55):543-551 [Details] (2012) 'Preliminary technological assessment of microneedles-based dry electrodes for biopotential monitoring in clinical examinations' Forvi, E.,Bedoni, M.,Carabalona, R.,Soncini, M.,Mazzoleni, P.,Rizzo, F.,O'Mahony, C.,Morasso, C.,Cassara, D. G.,Gramatica, F. (2012) 'Preliminary technological assessment of microneedles-based dry electrodes for biopotential monitoring in clinical examinations'. Sensors and Actuators a-Physical, 180 :177-186 [DOI] [Details] (2012) 'Experimental isolation of degradation mechanisms in capacitive microelectromechanical switches' Olszewski, Z.,Houlihan, R.,Ryan, C.,O'Mahony, C.,Duane, R. (2012) 'Experimental isolation of degradation mechanisms in capacitive microelectromechanical switches'. Applied Physics Letters, 100 (23):233505-233505 [DOI] [Details] (2012) 'Addendum:“A study of capacitance-voltage curve narrowing effect in capacitive microelectromechanical switches”[Appl. Phys. Lett. 93, 094101 (2008)]' Olszewski, Z.,Houlihan, R.,O’Mahony, C.,Duane, R. (2012) 'Addendum:“A study of capacitance-voltage curve narrowing effect in capacitive microelectromechanical switches”[Appl. Phys. Lett. 93, 094101 (2008)]'. Applied Physics Letters, 100 (22):29903-29903 [Details] (2012) 'Microneedle-based electrodes with integrated through-silicon via for biopotential recording' O'Mahony, C.,Pini, F.,Blake, A.,Webster, C.,O'Brien, J.,McCarthy, K. G. (2012) 'Microneedle-based electrodes with integrated through-silicon via for biopotential recording'. Sensors and Actuators a-Physical, 186 (0):130-136 [DOI] [Details] (2012) 'Coated microneedle arrays for transcutaneous delivery of live virus vaccines' Vrdoljak, A.,McGrath, M. G.,Carey, J. B.,Draper, S. J.,Hill, A. V.,O'Mahony, C.,Crean, A. M.,Moore, A. C. (2012) 'Coated microneedle arrays for transcutaneous delivery of live virus vaccines'. Journal of Controlled Release, 159 (11):34-4234 [Details] (2011) 'Development of a Microelectromechanical System (MEMS)-Based Multisensor Platform for Environmental Monitoring' Hautefeuille, M.,O'Flynn, B.,Peters, F. H.,O'Mahony, C. (2011) 'Development of a Microelectromechanical System (MEMS)-Based Multisensor Platform for Environmental Monitoring'. Micromachines, 2 (4):410-430 [DOI] [Details] (2011) 'Microneedle array design determines the induction of protective memory CD8+ T cell responses induced by a recombinant live malaria vaccine in mice' Carey, J. B.,Pearson, F. E.,Vrdoljak, A.,McGrath, M. G.,Crean, A. M.,Walsh, P. T.,Doody, T.,O'Mahony, C.,Hill, A. V.,Moore, A. C. (2011) 'Microneedle array design determines the induction of protective memory CD8+ T cell responses induced by a recombinant live malaria vaccine in mice'. Plos One, 6 (7) [DOI] [Details] (2011) 'In vivo, in situ imaging of microneedle insertion into the skin of human volunteers using optical coherence tomography' Coulman, S. A.,Birchall, J. C.,Alex, A.,Pearton, M.,Hofer, B.,O'Mahony, C.,Drexler, W.,Povazay, B. (2011) 'In vivo, in situ imaging of microneedle insertion into the skin of human volunteers using optical coherence tomography'. Pharmaceutical Research, 28 (1):66-81 [DOI] [Details] (2011) 'Determination of parameters for successful spray coating of silicon microneedle arrays' McGrath, M. G.,Vrdoljak, A.,O'Mahony, C.,Oliveira, J. C.,Moore, A. C.,Crean, A. M. (2011) 'Determination of parameters for successful spray coating of silicon microneedle arrays'. Int J Pharm, 415 (1-2):140-9 [DOI] [Details] (2010) 'In-vivo dynamic characterization of microneedle skin penetration using optical coherence tomography' Enfield, J.,O'Connell, M. L.,Lawlor, K.,Jonathan, E.,O'Mahony, C.,Leahy, M. (2010) 'In-vivo dynamic characterization of microneedle skin penetration using optical coherence tomography'. Journal of Biomedical Optics, 15 (44) [Details] (2010) 'A Method To Determine The Margin Of Safety For Microneedles Arrays' Forvi, E.,Soncini, M.,Bedoni, M.,Rizzo, F.,Casella, M.,O'Mahony, C.,Gramatica, F. (2010) 'A Method To Determine The Margin Of Safety For Microneedles Arrays'. World Congress on Engineering, Wce 2010, Vol Ii, 2184 (1):1550-1554 [Details] (2009) 'Processing difficulties and instability of carbohydrate microneedle arrays' Donnelly, R. F.,Morrow, D. I.,Singh, T. R.,Migalska, K.,McCarron, P. A.,O'Mahony, C.,Woolfson, A. D. (2009) 'Processing difficulties and instability of carbohydrate microneedle arrays'. Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy, 35 (10):1242-54 [DOI] [Details] (2009) 'Microneedle arrays allow lower microbial penetration than hypodermic needles in vitro' Donnelly, R. F.,Singh, T. R.,Tunney, M. M.,Morrow, D. I.,McCarron, P. A.,O'Mahony, C.,Woolfson, A. D. (2009) 'Microneedle arrays allow lower microbial penetration than hypodermic needles in vitro'. Pharmaceutical Research, 26 (11):2513-22 [DOI] [Details] (2009) 'Comment on Comparison of air breakdown and substrate injection as mechanisms to induce dielectric charging in microelectromechanical switches [Appl. Phys. Lett. 92, 043502 (2008)]' Olszewski, Z.,O'Mahony, C.,Houlihan, R.,Duane, R. (2009) 'Comment on Comparison of air breakdown and substrate injection as mechanisms to induce dielectric charging in microelectromechanical switches [Appl. Phys. Lett. 92, 043502 (2008)]'. Applied Physics Letters, 95 (1717) [Details] (2009) 'Wafer-level thin-film encapsulation for MEMS' O'Mahony, C.,Hill, M.,Olszewski, Z.,Blake, A. (2009) 'Wafer-level thin-film encapsulation for MEMS'. Microelectronic Engineering, 86 (4-64-6):1311-13131311 [Details] (2009) 'Miniaturised multi-MEMS sensor development' Hautefeuille, M.,O'Flynn, B.,Peters, F.,O'Mahony, C. (2009) 'Miniaturised multi-MEMS sensor development'. Microelectronics Reliability, 49 (6):621-626 [DOI] [Details] (2008) 'A MEMS-based wireless multisensor module for environmental monitoring' Hautefeuille, M.,O'Mahony, C.,O'Flynn, B.,Khalfi, K.,Peters, F. (2008) 'A MEMS-based wireless multisensor module for environmental monitoring'. Microelectronics Reliability, 48 (66):906-910906 [Details] (2008) 'A study of capacitance-voltage curve narrowing effect in capacitive microelectromechanical switches' Olszewski, Z.,Duane, R.,O'Mahony, C. (2008) 'A study of capacitance-voltage curve narrowing effect in capacitive microelectromechanical switches'. Applied Physics Letters, 93 (99) [Details] (2007) 'Evaluation of packaging effect on MEMS performance: Simulation and experimental study' Lishchynska, M.,O'Mahony, C.,Slattery, O.,Wittler, O.,Walter, H. (2007) 'Evaluation of packaging effect on MEMS performance: Simulation and experimental study'. Ieee Transactions on Advanced Packaging, 30 (44):629-635629 [Details] (2006) 'Modelling and performance evaluation of a MEMS dc/dc converter' Hill, M.,O'Mahony, C. (2006) 'Modelling and performance evaluation of a MEMS dc/dc converter'. Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering, 16 (6) [DOI] [Details] (2006) 'Spring constant models for analysis and design of MEMS plates on straight or meander tethers' Lishchynska, M.,Nicolas, C.,Slattery, O.,O'Mahony, C. (2006) 'Spring constant models for analysis and design of MEMS plates on straight or meander tethers'. Sensor Letters, 4 (22):200-205200 [Details] (2006) 'Comprehensive spring constant modelling of tethered micromechanical plates' Lishchynska, M.,O'Mahony, C.,Slattery, O.,Behan, R. (2006) 'Comprehensive spring constant modelling of tethered micromechanical plates'. Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering, 16 (66) [Details] (2005) 'Characterization, modelling and performance evaluation of CMOS integrated multielectrode tunable capacitor (MTC)' Olszewski, Z.,Hilll, M.,O'Mahony, C.,Duane, R.,Houlihan, R. (2005) 'Characterization, modelling and performance evaluation of CMOS integrated multielectrode tunable capacitor (MTC)'. Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering, 15 (77) [Details] (2005) 'Modelling electrostatic behaviour of microcantilevers incorporating residual stress gradient and non-ideal anchors' Lishchynska, M.,Cordero, N.,Slattery, O.,O'Mahony, C. (2005) 'Modelling electrostatic behaviour of microcantilevers incorporating residual stress gradient and non-ideal anchors'. Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering, 15 (77) [Details] (2005) 'Low-voltage micromechanical test structures for measurement of residual charge in dielectrics' O'Mahony, C.,Duane, R.,Hill, M.,Mathewson, A. (2005) 'Low-voltage micromechanical test structures for measurement of residual charge in dielectrics'. Electronics Letters, 41 (77):409-411409 [Details] (2003) 'Characterization of micromechanical structures using white-light interferometry' O'Mahony, C.,Hill, M.,Brunet, M.,Duane, R.,Mathewson, A. (2003) 'Characterization of micromechanical structures using white-light interferometry'. Measurement Science & Technology, 14 (1010):1807-18141807 [Details] (2003) 'Performance and reliability of post-CMOS metal/oxide MEMS for RF application' Hill, M.,O' Mahony, C.,Duane, R.,Mathewson, A. (2003) 'Performance and reliability of post-CMOS metal/oxide MEMS for RF application'. Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering, 13 (44) [Details] (2003) 'Analysis of electromechanical boundary effects on the pull-in of micromachined fixed-fixed beams' O'Mahony, C.,Hill, M.,Duane, R.,Mathewson, A. (2003) 'Analysis of electromechanical boundary effects on the pull-in of micromachined fixed-fixed beams'. Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering, 13 (4) [DOI] [Details] (2002) 'Titanium as a micromechanical material' O'Mahony, C.,Hill, M.,Hughes, P. J.,Lane, W. A. (2002) 'Titanium as a micromechanical material'. Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering, 12 (44):438-443438 [Details] (2001) 'Verification of 2-D MEMS model using optical profiling techniques' Hill, M.,O'Mahony, C.,Berney, H.,Hughes, P. J.,Hynes, E.,Lane, W. A. (2001) 'Verification of 2-D MEMS model using optical profiling techniques'. Optics and Lasers in Engineering, 36 (22):169-183169 [Details] Awarding Body 2017 Finalist - UCC Invention of The Year Awards Technology Transfer Office - University College Cork 2014 Best Poster Award - Microneedles 2014 Conference Microneedles 2014 Conference 2012 University College Cork - Research Team of the Year University College Cork 2010 University College Cork - In Recognition of Research Commercialisation University College Cork 2009 Best Paper Award - IOP Spring Weekend Institute of Physics 2008 Best Poster Award - XXXII International Conference of IMAPS XXXII International Conference of IMAPS - CPMT IEEE Poland 2008 Best Paper Award - RIA Colloquium on Emerging Trends in Wireless Communications Royal Irish Academy Colloquium on Emerging Trends in Wireless Communications 2008 Best Innovation Awards – Overall Winner Technology Section Meeta (Irish Maintenance Association) 2007 Bast Poster Award - IMAPS Poland Conference IMAPS Poland, From / To Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) Member 01-OCT-08 / Chair - Micromechanics Europe Workshop 2016 Chair 2016 / Chair - International Conference on Microneedles 2012 Chair 2012 / Tyndall National Institute, University College Cork Senior Research Scientist 03-SEP-13 / Chongqing Technology and Business University, China Adjunct Professor 01-OCT-17 / Tyndall National Institute, University College Cork Research Scientist 01-SEP-06 / 04-SEP-13 National Microelectronics Research Centre, UCC Post-doctoral Researcher 31-AUG-04 / 01-AUG-06 2004 UCC PhD Microelectronics 2001 UCC Master of Engineering Science Microelectronics 1998 UCC BSC (HONS) Physics French Basic Basic Functional English Fluent Fluent Fluent European Space Agency CANSAT Competition 2013 UCC Public Lecture Series 2012 'First Fridays' at Blackrock Castle 2012 Journal Activities To / From Journal Of Micromechanics And Microengineering Member of Editorial Board - Nanotechnology Referee - Sensors And Actuators B-Chemical Referee - Journal Of Diabetes Science And Technology Referee - Ieee Sensors Journal Referee - European Journal Of Pharmaceutics And Biopharmaceutics Referee - Expert Opinion In Drug Delivery Referee - Sensors And Actuators A-Physical Referee - Measurement Science &Technology Referee - Iee Electronics Letters Referee - Journal Of Controlled Release Referee - Micromachines Referee - Optics Communications Referee - * Lecturer: UE6008 Microsystems Technology and Applications * Postgraduate supervision and mentoring * Postdoctoral training and supervision * External thesis examination * Public Outreach ‍Conor O'Mahony Researcher BSc, MEngSc, PhD ‍conor.omahony@tyndall.ie ‍Tyndall National Institute Lee Maltings ‍ +353 21 234 6200 Search profiles by name Search profiles by topic ‍+353 (0)21 490 3000 ‍Email Us ‍Location Maps Bring me to MyUCC Copyright © UCC 2017 Choose areas of the website to search Website People Courses ‍Top	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line385
__label__wiki	0.662499	0.662499	We are working through the details of prior treatments of what becomes “reasonable terms” in Bayh-Dole’s definition of “practical application.” This definition in turn becomes the threshold for federal agency march-in under 35 USC 203(a)(1)–the first of the four march-in conditions. One of the precursors to Bayh-Dole march-in (Latker said Bayh-Dole was based on it), is the Institutional Patent Agreement program revived (by Latker) in 1968. Using the IPA, the NIH could contract with nonprofits to circumvent Public Health Service policies on inventions and feed inventions to the pharmaceutical industry packaged as patent monopolies, using nonprofits as the intermediaries. Genius, if that is what one thinks ought to be done. The IPA master agreement asserts that the nonprofit must administrate subject inventions in the public interest, should default to non-exclusive licensing, but then walks back that default with various easily adopted excuses, and then spends a great deal of effort on laying out the requirements for exclusive licensing–much like Bayh-Dole does for the exclusive licensing of federally owned inventions (and strangely what Bayh-Dole does not do for contractor-owned inventions). Section (e) of the IPA master agreement deals with other terms of nonprofit licensing. Section (e), too, is strange: (e) Any license granted by the Grantee to other than the Government of the United States under any patent application or patent on a subject invention shall include adequate safeguards against unreasonable royalty and repressive practices. Royalties shall not, in any event, be in excess of normal trade practice. Such license shall also provide that all sales to the U.S. Government shall be royalty free. Why is this provision strange? The provision itself has to do with how a nonprofit’s licenses must be constructed. One would expect to find a requirement that the nonprofit’s licensing terms are reasonable in the circumstances. But that’s not what the provision worries. Instead, it requires that the license include “safeguards” in the event that the licensee–not the licensor–sublicenses the invention. The nonprofit must include language against “unreasonable royalty:” and “repressive practices.” What the heck? First, consider unreasonable royalty. If the nonprofit is licenses non-exclusively, then there’s no point in allowing non-exclusive licensees to sublicense. And if they were to sublicense by asking an unreasonable royalty, it would not matter, since the nonprofit could provide a license with a royalty that was reasonable in the circumstances, per section (c). If the nonproft licenses exclusively, and the licensee turns around and grants non-exclusive licenses, then the whole “development requires exclusive patent licenses” thing blows up. The licensee then is just doing what the nonprofit was required to do in the first place, per section (c), but is charging an unreasonable royalty, and the nonprofit has breached the IPA master agreement. Now for “repressive practices.” What could that possibly mean? For a non-exclusive licensee, nothing. A non-exclusive licensee has no right to enforce a patent and so there’s really nothing a non-exclusive licensee could do to “repress” anything. What about an exclusive licensee? There are two cases. In one, the exclusive license conveys all substantial rights in the invention–and so acts as an assignment of the invention. Such assignments are prohibited by the IPA master agreement in section VII–a nonprofit is permitted to assign only to a nonprofit patent management organization, and only then on the condition that the assignee is subject to the terms and conditions of the IPA master agreement–so the assignee would not be subject to this condition on licensees because it would be in the position of the nonprofit, and would have to flow down the requirement of this section (e) in whatever licenses it granted. It’s strange, then, that section (e) applies to the licenses a nonprofit grants and not to the nonprofit itself in what terms it has on offer for any license it grants. It ought to be the nonprofit that has policy safeguards in place to prevent it from requiring an unreasonable royalty or engaging in repressive practices (such as suing for infringement, say, when it otherwise has not granted any licenses). Section (e) ought to apply to the nonprofit, and by assignment to any assignee, and not to the nonprofit’s licensees. Strange. What falls through the cracks here? While the nonprofit has a clear obligation to make the terms of any non-exclusive license “reasonable in the circumstances,” it has no such obligation with regard to exclusive licenses. The restrictions on exclusive licenses in section (d) have to do with the term of exclusivity, and even there the deal can be constructed to string the term out to nearly the full term of the patent with the only uncertainty being whether the NIH will approve an extension (and why wouldn’t it?). There’s nothing in section (d) requiring the financial terms or any other requirements of the license to be “reasonable.” Nor is there anything in either section (d) or section (e) that requires an exclusive licensee to offer commercial products based on the subject invention to the public at reasonable price–unless one understands “repressive practice” to include price. But that’s a stretch. Asking a high price might place a product out of reach of many potential buyers, but that in itself does not make the high price “repressive.” The only provision of the IPA master agreement that gets at price is the general admonition that the nonprofit administrate each subject invention “in the public interest.” That admonition might well include safeguards on price–but clearly Norman Latker and Howard Bremer felt no need to make public pricing an express concern of the IPA master agreement. Nixon amended the Kennedy patent policy in 1971. One purpose of the changes appears to have been to legitimize the IPA master agreement–to make the IPA master agreement conform with executive branch policy, best to change the executive branch policy. The primary changes (for our purposes) introduced in the Nixon revisions are: (1) The government march-in for failure to achieve practical application or license non-exclusively on reasonable terms is not restricted to non-exclusive royalty-free licenses–the government can require exclusive licensing as well, and can require licenses that are other than royalty-free–so the government can compel a contractor to accept payment from licensees. What an odd use of government power. (2) Government march-in for regulatory or health and safety matters is expanded to include the prospect of exclusive licensing–again, very strange–and adds that march-in can be based on “other public purposes stipulated in the contract.” (3) The contractor may be allowed to retain a royalty-free non-exclusive license–revocable if an agency “determines that some degree of exclusivity may be necessary to encourage further development and commercialization of the invention.” This item (3) continues our theme of strange. Life through the eyes of patent attorneys drafting federal invention policy is strange. Look at the language–it’s not that the agency determines that exclusivity is necessary to development and commercialization–it’s that “some degree” of exclusivity is necessary. That “some degree” would have to be “all” if the contractor did not retain a non-exclusive license. Makes no sense. Then look at “may be” and “encourage”–it’s not that exclusivity is necessary to development–it is that exclusivity might be necessary to encourage development. We are talking about how to encourage here, not how to develop and commercialize. Coarsely–sweeten the deal for people who for business reasons would not otherwise develop or commercialize. That is, encourage a bad business decision or invite speculators who don’t necessarily care about business decisions so long as they can “add value” and sell to other speculators. The abstract language covers for practice coarsenesses such as these. (4) The government, if it acquires ownership of an invention, may license exclusively. This is quite huge. If the government can issue patents to itself and then license those patents exclusively, it is in effect setting up a second, shadow patent office–issuing patents a second time, but now not to the inventor but to a favored company. It’s one thing to sole source manufacturing for government purposes–that’s done under a contracting process. It’s another thing to hand the exclusive right to manufacture to a private firm for up to 17 years (at the time), independent of any government contract. In a government contract, the government negotiates the consideration for performing the work. In a shadow patent office grant of exclusivity, the government may give up price control and end up having to purchase product at whatever the government’s franchisee charges. If the government in the deal is to receive a royalty, this amounts to a kind of money laundering between federal accounts–one agency pays for the product and the Treasury receives the royalties without designation for use–Congress gets to decide. We may add that the Nixon revisions don’t repeat any of the IPA master agreement requirements on licensing. (5) Delegates to the Administrator of General Services the authority to issue regulations that implement (and therefore also interpret) the policy statement. This delegation prompts the apparatus of the Federal Procurement Regulation, which in turn lays out a standard patent rights clause and related procedures that lay the groundwork, along with the IPA master agreement, for Bayh-Dole–Bayh-Dole, that Frankesteinian monster stitched together from pieces of executive branch policy, regulatory implementation, and agency master agreement contracting, and brought to life as a statute placed into federal patent law where it preempts any other law (but for Stevenson-Wydler and any future law that expressly references it) whenever a contractor obtains title to an invention made under federal contract. The Federal Procurement Regulation implementation of the Nixon patent policy was finalized in 1975–just four years before the Bayh-Dole Act began slouching toward its Bethlehem. Since the Kennedy patent policy, there has been a continuous effort to change its effect to permit exclusive licensing of federally supported inventions in areas of public health. The NIH led this effort. First, the IPA program, which the NIH expanded to include the NSF. Then the Nixon revisions allowing exclusive licensing by the federal government and aiming to legitimize the IPA program and make it government-wide, so the NIH’s patent pipeline to pharma would also hold for health-related research sponsored in all other federal agencies. The NIH’s effort to make the IPA program government-wide was blocked in 1978 and the IPA program shut down. The next year, Latker at the NIH drafted Bayh-Dole and its advocates beat back a competing bill sponsored by Sen. Harrison Schmitt. This entry was posted in Bayh-Dole, History, Policy and tagged Bayh-Dole, IPA, price, reasonable terms. Bookmark the permalink. Negotiating a share of royalties under Bayh-Dole	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line386
__label__wiki	0.592143	0.592143	March 11, 2013 \| by Salient \| in Opinion \| Politics (Left) – It Started with a Teacup In the run up to the 2011 General Election, the New Zealand First party was registering four fifths of fuck-all in polls until that fateful cuppa between John Banks and John Key. Winston Peters leapt into action, as enthusiastically as his wise old legs could carry him. he accused the Prime Minister of saying that core NZ First voters were dying, activating his grey base of voters and thousands of other New Zealanders who envisaged a left government being carried over the line by the party. Alas, for those hopeful voters, the numbers didn’t work out on the night, but we did see an unexpected eight NZ First candidates take seats in our house. Unfortunately, it seemed that this outcome was just as unexpected for those NZ First candidates who found themselves strolling the halls of power. Since then we’ve seen NZ First’s Asenati Taylor go wild on Twitter, Brendan Horan pushed overboard by Peters, and Richard Prosser explode into international media in a racist terrorism rant. It makes you wonder who will fall off the rails next and continue the NZ First trainwreck (perhaps notorious public pisser, Andrew Williams?) Sadly, the NZ First clusterfuck doesn’t exist within a vacuum. The way they came to Parliament raises questions about our MMP voting system. It has to be accepted that we, as voters, got what we deserved. 147,000 people voted for NZ First and the proportional number of MPs were delivered, but very few people knew that an ex-weatherman was going to become an MP when they cast their vote. Party lists are totally transparent, but with Peters the only visible face in the media during the campaign there are bound to be droves of New Zealanders wishing the old FPP system could have increased scrutiny for each and every MP entering Parliament. The problem goes beyond this. NZ First’s presence in this term of parliament has serious implications for a change of government in 2014. Current polling suggests it is unlikely they will have support over the five per cent threshold at the next election, but the same was the case in 2011. Peters cannot be written off so easily. If NZ First scrape below 5 per cent, there will be 100,000 or more wasted votes, which could be a crucial difference between a Labour government and the status quo. If Peters does return, he is liable to cause havoc during coalition negotiations as he did in 1996, and if a deal is struck the party will be an unstable coalition partner. So, what does this mean? Labour and the Greens can try to force NZ First out of Parliament, but do so at the risk of votes cast for NZ First being wasted. The other option is for Shearer, Turei and Norman to bring Peters in, develop strong relationships, and try their hardest to ensure that he and his party will be reliable in government. Failure means another term for National, or a very short-lived government led by the Left. Of course, being a chain smoker and an MP since the beginning of time, Winston could drop dead in the Backbencher at any moment. The only thing that is certain is that with Winston, nothing is certain. Carla Marks Salient is a magazine. Salient is a website. Salient is an institution founded in 1938 to cater to the whim and fancy of students of Victoria University. We are partly funded by VUWSA and partly by gold bullion that was discovered under a pile of old Salients from the 40's. Salient welcomes your participation in debate on all the issues that we present to you, and if you're a student of Victoria University then you're more than welcome to drop in and have tea and scones with the contributors of this little rag in our little hideaway that overlooks Wellington. ← Things that Go Bump in the Night – Come Away with Me Review: Home Brew / Tommy Ill / Lips →	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line395
__label__wiki	0.711518	0.711518	‘Bel Ami’ Berlinale 2012 Review: The Playlist Jag February 17, 2012 Bel Ami From behind, we watch a man in ragged clothes look longingly through the window of a fancy Belle Epoque Parisian restaurant. Inside, richly attired women whisper secrets over brimful glasses of champagne and decadent platters laden with food. Later, the hungry man in his mean garret relives the moment, jealousy and bitterness at the injustice of his situation playing across his face, before the memory of such opulence actually makes him cry. It’s a convincing, well-observed moment that sets up a lot of what we need to know about the man’s character. Oh wait, did we mention the man is played by Robert Pattinson? “Bel Ami,” Declan Donnellan and Nick Ormerod‘s adaptation of the acerbic Guy de Maupassant novel, features a starry cast in some wonderful costuming, and follows the fortunes of ambitious Georges Duroy (Pattinson) as he ruthlessly climbs his way up the social ladder of 1890s Paris, using little but his talents at seduction. It quite speaks to the level of stardom the “Twilight” films have brought the young actor that, in amongst a cast that features Uma Thurman, Christina Ricci and Kristin Scott-Thomas, really the burning question is: What is Pattinson like? Will he convert his detractors (unlikely) or cool the ardor of his vocal fan base (probably impossible)? The truth is, sadly, that the promising opening detailed above is the high point of the film from the point of view of Pattinson’s performance. He is not terrible by any means, and we were really trying to like him in the role for a long time, but eventually his twitchiness, which seems like a factor of inexperience and nervousness, unites with script and characterisation problems to alienate us from his role in a way that has nothing to do with the character’s nastiness. It is as though Pattinson hasn’t yet gained the confidence on camera to do less, and so in his many closeups there is always one too many things going on — the nostril flare coupled with the eye twitch along with the twist of the mouth becomes an overwhelming cavalcade of tics when your face is thirty feet high. It’s one of the reasons why we can never forget in this film that Pattinson is Acting; he feels like he is wearing the character like a suit of clothes or a layer of makeup, rather than inhabiting him. Yes, we’re going home to find a horse’s head in our bed tonight, aren’t we? But while he is not there yet, we have to say that there’s no reason that Pattinson, in the hands of a director more experienced with the demands of film than theater (the debut directors here have a background in theatre and perhaps have not quite appreciated just how much the movie camera acts as a performance magnifying glass), shouldn’t turn in a better, more understated performance. After all, in the one “Twilight” film this writer has seen to date, we seem to recall he does a lot less, and he has been accused of woodenness before. If he just splits the difference between that and this… Ok, phew, so now that that’s put of the way we can talk about the rest of the film, and from this perspective it’s clear that not all issues we outline above can be laid solely at Pattinson’s door. In fact, when you see even the stalwart uber-reliable Kristin Scott-Thomas devolve from her usual committed and natural-as-breathing style into something far more histrionic and, well, bigger, you realize that there are problems built into the screenplay and the directorial approach. Uma Thurman, too, seems to go large and scattily theatrical through discomfort; there is a very modern-feeling neurotic edge to Thurman as an actress that does not suit the coolly intelligent character she plays. Of the women, Christina Ricci really does the most convincing work: her Clothilde feels entirely real and yet also entirely of her time, and she seems wholly invested in her role as maybe the one woman who both loves and understands what Georges is. CLICK HERE TO READ THE REST	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line404
__label__wiki	0.663686	0.663686	Pandora are being sued for lyrics, by a company who just sued Spotify for $1.6 billion Who would’ve thought lyrics could cause such a fuss? Wixen clearly do as they look to sue Pandora for using the lyrics of their artists in their music streaming service. Music publishing company Wixen have… How to get over lyrical writer’s block We’ve all been there before: You’re feeling inspired, you sit down ready to write a new song and when you pick up the pen… nothing comes. Writer’s block isn’t just for authors, it happens to… Zoe Leonardin Apple Music brings song lyrics to France, Germany, Ireland and 4 more countries Sometimes you want to sing along to the song you’re listening to and Apple are making it easy on Apple Music by bringing lyrics to 7 more countries. When you’re grooving along to music sometimes… How to write a hit – 10 top songwriting tips from famous musicians Even if you’ve written one hundred songs before, sitting down to write a song can be one of the hardest things to do as a musician. Whether it be finding inspiration, finding the right key,… Who’s the best rapper with the most words? Who the greatest rapper is depends on who you ask. But one thing that isn’t subjective is which rappers have the biggest vocabulary and this amazing chart shows it. Pudding is an amazing site full… Search for music on YouTube now with emojis Searching for music to listen to on YouTube but not quite sure what to listen to? Try searching with a winky face and see what the results are with the new, updated search. This year… How to add digital booklets to your album on iTunes When you upload music to iTunes for free with RouteNote you can add a digital booklet offering lyrics, images and more that accompany your music. Here’s how to get yours online. Uploading your music to… Apple Music gets detailed lyrics with Genius.com partnership Apple Music have won over music lyric and meanings site Genius to become their official music streaming partner over Spotify and others. Genius, formerly Rap Genius, is a massive lyrics database that takes a deep… Apple Music is getting even better with iOS 12 iOS 12 is on it’s way and it’s bringing with it a bunch of new features for Apple’s streaming service making it the best music experience they’ve offered yet. Now with roughly 50 million songs… Spotify and Genius go Behind the Lyrics of top tracks, now on Android Delve deep within the stories behind the music, the true meaning behind the words and find out fun facts about your favourite artists with Genius-powered playlists on Spotify, now on Android. Spotify first joined up… April 27, 2017 October 15, 2018	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line405
__label__cc	0.722379	0.277621	Dreams of Gods and Monsters (Daughter of Smoke and Bone #3), Laini Taylor Title: Dreams of Gods and Monsters Author: Laini Taylor (author website) Release Date: April 2014 by H&S Fiction Age Group: Young Adult Genre: Fantasy/Paranormal A foreign queen is hunting, a fleeing daughter hiding from terrors in the night, and Akiva and Karou, lovers crossed by stars, godstars, moons and mighty rulers alike, fight a desperate battle for a dream that has spanned three lives between them: a dream of a future free from hate. A dream of peace. From Goodreads: By way of a staggering deception, Karou has taken control of the chimaera rebellion and is intent on steering its course away from dead-end vengeance. The future rests on her, if there can even be a future for the chimaera in war-ravaged Eretz. Common enemy, common cause. When Jael's brutal seraph army trespasses into the human world, the unthinkable becomes essential, and Karou and Akiva must ally their enemy armies against the threat. It is a twisted version of their long-ago dream, and they begin to hope that it might forge a way forward for their people. And, perhaps, for themselves. Toward a new way of living, and maybe even love. But there are bigger threats than Jael in the offing. A vicious queen is hunting Akiva, and, in the skies of Eretz ... something is happening. Massive stains are spreading like bruises from horizon to horizon; the great winged stormhunters are gathering as if summoned, ceaselessly circling, and a deep sense of wrong pervades the world. What power can bruise the sky? From the streets of Rome to the caves of the Kirin and beyond, humans, chimaera and seraphim will fight, strive, love, and die in an epic theater that transcends good and evil, right and wrong, friend and enemy. At the very barriers of space and time, what do gods and monsters dream of? And does anything else matter? If Daughter of Smoke and Bone was a love story, and Days of Blood and Starlight a tragedy, Dreams of Gods and Monsters knits the two together in a conclusion that, while an ending, feels anything but final. Which is satisfying... And not. In those final pages, Dreams of Gods and Monsters leaves so many questions unanswered; futures and histories left untold... Yet it doesn't feel like a missing dessert, or an 'improper' end. Rather, it feels precisely how I believe its author intended: Dreams of Gods and Monsters ends with beginnings. With life, and possibility, and resurrection. As it should--with hope. It feels the right place to leave Akiva and Karou to their new beginnings. But it doesn't feel an adequate conclusion to the histories it tells. Having turned the final page, I feel as though its characters have more stories to tell--and wonder if Taylor has plans to do so, or is simply teasing with a lingering, poetic ending. Dreams of Gods and Monsters encompasses so many beloved (and hated) characters, so many versions of their lives, so many threads in Taylor's grand tapestry it's difficult to comment on a single point, play, or page. This story carries a weight, a vastness, to it. While, 'what happens?' seems a fair, if unspecific, question, cover closed on Dreams of Gods and Monsters, I'm at a loss for an answer. Words fail, which seems a tiny irony, for a book weighing in at no less than 600 pages. Yet, 'stuff happened. And love. And cake,' seems to do Taylor's rather splendid work a slight injustice. Karou and Akiva are thrust front and centre in Dreams of Gods and Monsters, both to the reader, and their people. They assume roles as leaders, far beyond their own comfort, and the responsibility both pulls them together, and apart. We see them even more intimately than before, and they've grown (oh, how they've grown!) since misty Prague, dusty Morocco. But they share their stage. Zuzanna and Mik return, more charming than previously imaginable; Ziri shoulders an incredible burden--the fate of the Chimaera rebellion resting firmly on his shoulders; Liraz, icy-cold half-sister to Akiva, reveals pieces of herself, and even begins to thaw... But what kept me skipping pages ahead, desperate to know more was an enigmatic young woman named Eliza Jones--who has many, many big surprises up her sleeves. Anonymous, hiding Eliza, who finds herself anything but anonymous and hidden by the story's close. As I've commented, often, before, I believe that, there are great writers, and great storytellers, and is a rare and wonderful joy to find an author who is both. Returning to Eretz, and a slightly more magical Earth than our own, Dreams of Gods and Monsters reaffirms Taylor as both. Between a story that flows like narcotic dream, and prose which dances seductively throughout its pages, the conclusion to the Smoke and Bone trilogy is as beautiful, intoxicating and breathtaking as its predecessors, though seems to lack something satisfying, as though it is the end of a love story, but not a world story. Goodbyes are hard and, if you are to believe Seraphim warriors' folklore, farewells are bad luck. So it's fitting that it proves a difficult task, farewelling not just Akiva and Karou, but the families they've made for themselves. Perhaps (for me at least) the true measure of a good book is the desire to unread it, more than to re-read it--so as to fall in love and lose oneself in its pages all over again, and how I long to do so here. Eretz may be closed to us all for now, but perhaps like Akiva and Karou, I'll dream an impossible dream and hope that while it's gone, it's only gone for now. Daughter of Smoke and Bone (September 2011) Days of Blood and Starlight (November 2012) Dreams of Gods and Monsters (April 2014) An enormous thank you to Hachette Australia for providing a review copy of Days of Blood and Starlight! Posted by Sarah (saz101) at 10:01 AM Labels: 4-Stars, angels, Fantasy, Laini Taylor, Paranormal, Young Adult Keertana @ Ivy Book Bindings May 29, 2014 at 11:03 PM I agree completely; Laini Taylor is one of those rare, extraordinary storytellers and this trilogy has been a true masterpiece. I did struggle with aspects of this conclusion -- and goodbyes are so, so hard -- but this one left me satisfied, despite it all. :) Tanya Patrice May 30, 2014 at 6:25 AM I skimmed the review because I haven't read this yet and I NEED to. But your rating is awesome, so I just need a weekend where I can do noting but read ... and I'll be all set! Jo May 30, 2014 at 10:49 AM Oh my gos, Sarah, how I have missed you and your reviews! That was just beautiful! I loved this book! I did, I did! SO good, but yes, so many questions! So much more to discover! I read Taylor say on Twitter that (paraphrased, or rephrased - same drift) it was written with an intent of returning to the story, but she's going to take a break for now and tell some other stories. Fine by me, as long as it's not the very end. But SO beautiful! Oh my god, I just loved this story! And Ziri! God, that guy near broke my heart so many times! And I do love Zuze and Mik! And Karou and Akiva! And, oh my god, I just love this world. Beautiful, beautiful! Megan May 31, 2014 at 12:25 AM I still need to get to DAYS OF BLOOD AND STARLIGHT, but I'm glad that you mostly liked DREAMS OF GODS AND MONSTERS, though hmm. I don't think I'd feel very satisfied with the ending, even though you said that it did suit the series very well. I kind of like my endings to be nicely wrapped up with a bow, with no loose ends. That was partly the reason why I was so unsatisfied with REQUIEM, which had a REALLY open ending. :/ I kind of skimmed through your review (afraid of spoilers!), but lord, does this sound like a grand finale to an amazing series -- not counting the ending, haha. I absolutely love how you described Karou and Akiva's character development, and I'm so glad that Zuzanna returns! You know, I hate it when an author introduces a friend of the protagonist and then forgets about them halfway through the book/series. Unfortunately, that seems like a returning trait in many books. So yeah, I'm really happy that Laini didn't follow after that path. "Perhaps (for me at least) the true measure of a good book is the desire to unread it, more than to re-read it–so as to fall in love and lose oneself in its pages all over again" -- Have I mentioned how absolutely GORGEOUS your reviews are? I totally get what you mean here -- I feel the same for the HP series. Call me narrow-minded, but that's probably about the only series I've ever felt that way about. I guess this is why I should finish the SMOKE & BONE series ASAP, huh? :) Wonderful review, Sarah! Jennifer Bielman May 31, 2014 at 1:44 AM I can't wait to read this. I am waiting a bit, to savor the feeling of the inevitable ending. I am not sure if I like the sound of this conclusion though. I like things a little more wrapped up. Possibilities are great, but I need closer. Happy it was great though. I will be reading this no matter what. michelle A - Novels On The Run May 31, 2014 at 5:40 PM I have just got book two from the library and I have this one from publisher to read. I skimmed your review, because I am a tad behind on these big reads. Glad you liked it and you are back with your honest reviews. Congrats! Roro June 1, 2014 at 6:11 AM Eee . I still need to read this trilogy . Read it , read read , read it soon in a sing Songy tune Tnx fir the well thought out review, saz Lauren's Loquacious Literature June 3, 2014 at 10:13 PM Look at you being all posty posty. It's almost as impressive as my little buddy's ability to sit up on his lonesome. Of course I haven't read any of these so my answer to most of it is YES but I liked your thinking thoughts about the openness of the ending purposefully being there to create new futures and hope and the like, very thoughtful thoughts and also it's that little bit of giving all the answers you want combined with still having a little bit of wriggle room to dream on your own. Giselle June 4, 2014 at 6:03 PM Ha I almost didn't even recognize this one. I so have to read this I loved the first and really enjoyed the 2nd (though not AS much as book 1) and it sounds like such a wonderful finale. I love the "Ends with beginnings" bit! I'm so happy the verdict on this one has been so positive so far! Wonderful review, Sarah! Sarah (saz101) June 13, 2014 at 2:46 AM I felt the same about the first two, Giselle! It really was a terrific conclusion, too. And YES! The cover in AU/UK are SO different from the US ones! YES! It's like in Deathly Hallows--we know they're alright, but we have ALL THE ROOM to imagine and dream what they got up to... You know what you were saying about HP--how you don't mind getting all the answers, because you're so distracted and caught up in everything else? This is exactly how these books and their worlds felt to me. They were so beautiful and magical that it didn't occur to me to look for the man behind the curtain, or what else could have been at play and... THEY WERE PERFECT. I love this series, Roro! Thank you! Xx Oh, I hope you love the rest of the series as much as I did, Mich! Xx Sam @ Realm of Fiction June 18, 2014 at 4:11 PM This is such a beautiful review! I loved this whole trilogy and was completely satisfied with the final book for a change. I agree that it's hard to describe what takes place here, only that it does, and with Laini Taylor's magic. Her writing is some of the best in YA for me, and I really cannot wait to see what she does next. And yes, I will completely miss the characters here, but look forward to revisiting them in the future one day. :) Thanks for sharing your wonderfully eloquent thoughts, Sarah. Dreams of Gods and Monsters (Daughter of Smoke and... LET'S TALK: Finding the Time to Blog	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line410
__label__wiki	0.978646	0.978646	Ex-Wyoming football player to be jailed over sexual battery CFB Headlines Talented QBs hope to unseat Tide in SEC Kansas reinstates top RB Williams Bowlsby: Big 12 will remain 10 teams ESPN hires former QB Leaf as analyst 2 Eastern Washington players shot ACC adds Holiday, Boston to bowl tie-ins Court orders retrial for ex-Baylor star Ex-Wyoming DE jailed for sexual battery Pruitt salutes his HS, commits violation Ehlinger picked as preseason Big 12 POY LARAMIE, Wyo. (AP) A former University of Wyoming football player, who recently signed an NFL contract, had been accused of inappropriately touching two women while in college and was sentenced Thursday to six months in jail after pleading no contest to reduced charges. Carl Granderson, 22, entered the plea to charges of sexual battery and unlawful contact, both misdemeanors, after reaching a plea agreement with prosecutors. However, Judge Tori Kricken rejected the punishment of one year of unsupervised probation laid out in the deal after listening to emotional testimony from two students who say they were molested by Granderson as they slept at his apartment the night after Wyoming's final game last year, the Laramie Boomerang reported . Kricken said Granderson's actions demonstrated "very little sense of responsibility." The defensive end was led away in handcuffs at the end of the hearing. Granderson had been scheduled to go on trial Monday for the original charge against him, third-degree sexual assault. Becky Farley, a prosecutor for the Albany County Attorney's Office, said the deal has been "well put together and thought out." However, both women, identified in court by their initials, said they thought it was too lenient and that Granderson should have to plead guilty. "I have never been so terrified in my life," one said through tears. "I sat there and looked for my keys because they had pepper spray on them, but they were nowhere to be found." The other said she was bullied by members of the football team who called her a "ho" and a "slut." Granderson, originally from Sacramento, California, was a two-time all-Mountain West selection and was widely considered to be Wyoming's top draft prospect before he was charged in February. After that though, the university distanced itself from him. He went undrafted and later signed a free agent contract with the New Orleans Saints. The Saints did not immediately respond to a request for comment on the plea and sentence or his status with the team. The first practice of the Saints' training camp is July 26. If Granderson serves his full sentence, it would not be over until after the regular football season. After being released from jail, Granderson must be on supervised probation for a year, which can be done in another state. The sexual battery plea does not require him to register as a sex offender in Wyoming.	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line414
__label__wiki	0.845799	0.845799	Forums > 80s Prime Time Soaps > Dynasty > What were the weak points in the DYNASTY stars' acting? Discussion in 'Dynasty' started by Snarky's Ghost, Feb 13, 2018. Snarky's Ghost Soap Chat Oracle Haunting that cozy cellar under Falcon Crest ...that is, aside from the systemic Static Acting Directive implemented with Season 3 -- if you can distinguish between them. I'll go first: Linda Evans -- as the series droned on, she began to bark her lines neurotically; she would frenetically shake her head when she talked in a kind of automated faux devastated manner. The Cure: just breathe in and relax Joan Collins -- she would begin a line with vim and vigor but seemed to lose focus before the end of the sentence (if she didn't have this quirk, she might have been seen as a great actress). The Cure: just recall Shirley Jones rebuffed your romantic advances Heather Locklear -- initially had elocution problems until Alexis paid to have her adenoids out The Cure: have Tommy Lee remove those adenoids in his own special way Jack Coleman -- delivered all his lines through his teeth, temples perpetually pinched The Cure: take a purgative Helmut Berger -- mumbled his lines like a gay corpse The Cure: rent yourself out to Club Necrophile where Marlon Brando can inject you with his seminal talent Ali MacGraw -- always attempted an alluring and mysterious demeanor while never managing to deliver even one of her lines convincingly. The Cure: get shot in the head in an obscure European principality. Snarky's Ghost, Feb 13, 2018 Rove Soap Chat Enthusiast Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia Just on a side note. If Joan was just showing a little bit of leg she could have sued Angelina Jolie for plagiarism. Rove, Feb 13, 2018 What does everyone think of John Forsythe's acting? Cause I'm watching a few of his sixties movies and some of it is not that great. But I don't remember having an issue with it while watching Dynasty. Richard Channing, Feb 15, 2018 Sometimes I thought he was pretty shit to be honest. I mean I like him and he's charismatic and all that but some of his acting was bad I think. Probably more to do with the restrictions that he and Linda put on themselves as far as story and what they could do on the show. They limited themselves to being very dull. That became repetitive and boring and doesn't exactly stretch an actor. They sort of painted themselves into a corner. His "Damn it! We're Carringtons!" stuff comes to mind, or sometimes where he has to deliver a big speech. As far as Joan goes, I think she was awful at any sort of vulnerability. And depending on the co-star her displays of affection could also be pretty unconvincing. However she was more or less perfect as Alexis as her weakness' as an actress sort of somehow seemed to fall in line with Alexis' insincerity. Alexis, Feb 15, 2018 That's precisely right: Joan's unconvincing moments just read as Alexis' attempts to affect emotion disingenuously in order to manipulate somebody. So, weirdly, it worked. Just as I tend to view Charlene Tilton's neurotic bad acting as a manifestation of Lucy's neurosis. So it also worked, if not quite as well. And Bliss Colby, who complained that she was useless and not interesting enough. I could never dislike her after that. Willie Oleson, Feb 15, 2018 Only one who ever had Frankie's number too except for Sable. So I can never dislike her either. I mean I like him and he's charismatic and all that but some of his acting was bad I think. That's why I've always had an issue with John being cast as Blake Carrington. Nothing against John - I to liked the bloke - but he couldn't really do anger. He lacked that certain aspect required to pull off being ruthless like Jim Davis did as Jock, or Larry as JR in the early seasons of Dallas. But these are just my thoughts. Rove said: ↑ R U serious?? I thought that was what Forsythe did best: cold as ice anger. Snarky's Ghost said: ↑ Yes, I'm serious. But in fairness (to me) it's my interpretation of how John was playing Blake Carrington. I will agree he could play "cold" and perhaps this should have been explored rather than have him attempt some ruthless oil tycoon type. However, as the series continued Blake just became a punching bag for Alexis as she continued to storm the Carrington mansion, uninvited, and the Carrington Office, uninvited just so she could display her latest Nolan Miller creation and wig. In the beginning, Forsythe was totally believable as a cold and ruthless oil tycoon, almost a mob boss. Later, yes, he just became a flustered foil for Alexis. I didn't always like his attempts a emotionality though. His courtroom speech in S1 when he's trying to cry was in many ways excruciating. In the beginning, Forsythe was totally believable as a cold It's why I enjoyed Dynasty in those first couple of seasons. It's what set itself apart from Dallas and it needed to since Dallas had a head start and was already on the path to greatness. Others have argued the first season was slow and tedious however it helped in establishing characters, unlike today where they're shoved down our throats at breakneck speed. Now it's been years since I've watched Dynasty but from memory the Carrington family all appeared cold and distant. Blake was busy building his empire. Fallon was brattish and aloof and poor Steven was...well...confused. It's hard to explain in words but despite the Carrington family surrounded by wealth and lived in a mansion the series felt claustrophobic, and that was a good thing. As glamorous as Linda was on Dynasty I still believe she would have been a great fit for Dallas. She always looked at ease in more western style roles but could glam up when the occasion called for it. Why didn't the producers of Dallas give a shout out to Linda after Dynasty finished in 1989? I'll agree ratings for the big supersoaps were down but this could have been a major coup for Dallas. The 2 Linda's; I like Heather Locklear's first voice. Michael Torrance Soap Chat Dream Maker Alexis' studio 2017 I think (unless it is 2016) I think one of the problems with shows that go on for years is that the actors start overruling the directors based on the "I know this character better than you" principle. In season 1, Al Corley and John Forsythe have an amazing scene where Steven says "it is not always easy being your son" and Blake replies, "you know it's not always easy being your father." They deliver their lives with a mix of vulnerability and pent-up resentment toward one another, so clearly Forsythe had it in him to play that role perfect with needed nuances. Same for Evans and Collins in season 2. Other differences aside with latter seasons (the writing, the camp guidelines etc.) Forsythe, Evans, and Collins especially fully subscribed to the "I know how to play this better than anyone" mentality. What actors and actresses think they deliver in this mode is consistency. What they actually deliver is complacency. Michael Torrance, Feb 17, 2018 Michael Torrance said: ↑ Forsythe, Evans, and Collins especially fully subscribed to the "I know how to play this better than anyone" mentality. What actors and actresses think they deliver in this mode is consistency Well to me it looked as if Joan Collins became a little too comfortable in her role, which took some of the "edge" out of the character, while Linda Evans seemed totally uncomfortable in her Krystle-Without-Direction role. And plot-wise, that even made sense - eventhough it wasn't always pretty to look at. I needed subtitles. I think Joan knew Alexis inside out. I think she knew her better than the writers did. It was a weird alchemy where the two blended into one. That just didn't happen with John and Linda. Alexis was just an exaggerated Joan Collins putting the world to right and seeking revenge on all who wronged her. Alexis was Joan Collins with an unlimited budget and no one to tell her no. It just worked in a magical way. And I don't think Joan became complacent in the role. In fact she often improved very dull scripts with her delivery or by rewriting lines as she felt Alexis would say them. I cant fault her with that. Some of the stuff in the scripts just wouldn't have been what an English woman would have said. I think Joan knew Alexis inside out. I think she knew her better than the writers did. It was a weird alchemy where the two blended into one. That just didn't happen with John and Linda. Although I felt like it almost happened with Linda. One assumed in S1 and S2, Linda was basically playing herself. But once the writing quickly went awry (to say nothing of S.A.D.) Linda wasn't confident enough as an actress to take the crap dialogue they were giving her, ignore the S.A.D. shackles, and simply emit her natural soulfulness with a vengeance. Instead, Krystle became a shrieking, caffeine-addled hologram with Linda's soul buried deep inside, unable to escape this character purgatory. So, yes, the brain gizmo explanation from S9 at least made some retroactive sense. But Evans' connections to Krystle were lost. Joan, on the other hand, brought her haughty Euroslut mystique to nearly every role she ever played, that persona -- full of fluttery affectation and enigmatic allusion and a sense she "knows stuff" -- essentially perfected by the time she took on Alexis. And because she was more confident an actress than Linda, Joan was able to continue hitting that note effectively even long after the producers, bewildered by the bong haze emanating from the writers' room, had abandoned them all. In 1987, TV Guide correctly asked the question of how long Joan Collins could be expected to keep The Good Ship Carrington afloat all by herself.	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line419
__label__wiki	0.543402	0.543402	The 100 - S06 The 100 is a TV series starring Eliza Taylor, Bob Morley, and Marie Avgeropoulos. Set ninety-seven years after a nuclear war has destroyed civilization, when a spaceship housing humanity's lone survivors sends one hundred juvenile... Genres: Drama, Sci-Fi, Mystery Actors: Eliza Taylor, Bob Morley, Marie Avgeropoulos, Isaiah Washington the 100 2014 based on book number in series title the 100 s06 putlocker the 100 s06 9movies the 100 s06 yesmovies the 100 s06 123movies the 100 s06 solarmovie the 100 s06 fmovies the 100 s06 movie4k the 100 s06 watch32 the 100 s06 watchseries the 100 s06 movie25 the 100 s06 xmovies8 The series is set 97 years after a devastating nuclear war wiped out almost all life on Earth. The only known survivors are the residents ... Actors: Eliza Taylor, Bob Morley, Paige Turco, Marie Avgeropoulos, Devon Bostick, Christopher Larkin, Isaiah Washington, Henry Ian Cusick, Lindsey Morgan, Ricky Whittle, Richard Harmon, Jarod Joseph, Thomas McDonell, Sachin Sahel, Chelsey Reist, Adina Porter Legends of Tomorrow - S02 When heroes alone are not enough... the world needs legends. Having seen the future, Rip Hunter will desperately try to prevent certain events from happening, ... Genres: Action, Drama, Adventure, Sci-Fi Actors: Victor Garber, Brandon Routh, Arthur Darvill, Caity Lotz, Franz Drameh, Amy Pemberton, Dominic Purcell, Ciara RenÃ©e, Wentworth Miller, Matt Letscher, Maisie Richardson-Sellers, Nick Zano, John Barrowman Westworld - S01 A series inspired by the 1973 film of the same title written by Michael Crichton about a futuristic theme park populated by artificial beings. Genres: Drama, Western, Sci-Fi Actors: Evan Rachel Wood, Thandie Newton, Jeffrey Wright, James Marsden, Luke Hemsworth, Sidse Babett Knudsen, Angela Sarafyan, Shannon Woodward, Ed Harris, Anthony Hopkins, Jimmi Simpson, Ingrid BolsÃ¸ Berdal, Ben Barnes, Simon Quarterman, Rodrigo Santoro, Clifton Collins Jr., Tessa Thompson, Louis Herthum, Bradley Fisher, James Landry HÃ©bert, Vivienne Taylor How to Get Away with Murder - S03 A sexy, suspense-driven legal thriller about a group of ambitious law students and their brilliant, mysterious criminal defense professor. They become entangled in a murder ... Actors: Viola Davis, Billy Brown, Alfred Enoch, Jack Falahee, Aja Naomi King, Matt McGorry, Karla Souza, Charlie Weber, Liza Weil, Conrad Ricamora Homeland - S05 Carrie Mathison, a CIA operations officer, is on probation after carrying out an unauthorized operation in Iraq. As a result, she has been reassigned to ... Actors: Claire Danes, Mandy Patinkin, Rupert Friend, F. Murray Abraham, Damian Lewis, Morena Baccarin, Jackson Pace, Morgan Saylor Shadowhunters: The Mortal Instruments - S02 Clary Fray is a normal teenager living in Brooklyn with her mother. One day, she discovers that she is descended from a line of Shadowhunters; ... Genres: Action, Drama, Romance, Fantasy Actors: Katherine McNamara, Dominic Sherwood, Matthew Daddario, Alberto Rosende, Isaiah Mustafa, Harry Shum Jr., Emeraude Toubia, Alan Van Sprang Blindspot - S02 A woman with no memories of her past (Jane Doe), is found naked in Times Square with her body fully covered in intricate tattoos. Her ... Actors: Sullivan Stapleton, Jaimie Alexander, Rob Brown, Audrey Esparza, Ashley Johnson, Ukweli Roach, Marianne Jean-Baptiste, FranÃ§ois Arnaud Riverdale - S01 A subversive take on Archie and his friends, exploring small town life, the darkness and weirdness bubbling beneath Riverdale's wholesome facade. Actors: K.J. Apa, Lili Reinhart, Camila Mendes, Cole Sprouse, Marisol Nichols, Madelaine Petsch, Ashleigh Murray, Casey Cott, MÃ¤dchen Amick, Luke Perry, Lochlyn Munro, Hayley Law, Asha Bromfield, Ross Butler, Nathalie Boltt, Cody Kearsley, Olivia Ryan Stern, Caitlin Mitchell-Markovitch, Tiera Skovbye Justice League - S01 Forces of evil, chaos, and destruction await. Not even protectors like Superman, Batman, Wonder Woman, Green Lantern, the Flash, Hawkgirl or the Martian Manhunter may ... Genres: Action, Drama, Thriller, Romance, Adventure, Sci-Fi, Mystery, Animation, Family, Fantasy Actors: Carl Lumbly, Phil LaMarr, Michael Rosenbaum, George Newbern, Maria Canals-Barrera, Kevin Conroy, Susan Eisenberg Into the Badlands - S01 A mighty warrior and a young boy search for enlightenment in a ruthless territory controlled by feudal barons. Actors: Daniel Wu, Orla Brady, Sarah Bolger, Aramis Knight, Emily Beecham, Oliver Stark, Madeleine Mantock, Ally Ioannides, Marton Csokas Trailer: The 100 - S06 Report: The 100 - S06 Download Subtitle: The 100 - S06	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0001.json.gz/line420

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