Datasets:

Phoenyx83

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like 0

Viral image

2021-03-20 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

Says Disneyland is enforcing a “no scream” policy on roller coasters.

Ciara O'Rourke

2021-03-22 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/mar/22/viral-image/no-disneyland-isnt-enforcing-no-scream-policy/

No, Disneyland isn’t enforcing a ‘no scream’ policy

Back in July a Japanese amusement park drew attention for encouraging roller coaster riders to "please scream inside your heart." As NPR reported at the time, the suggestion was one of several recommendations that Japanese amusement park operators released to try to slow the spread of COVID-19. A recent post being shared on social media suggests that Disneyland in California has followed suit.  "New ‘no scream’ policy on roller coasters," reads one of two bullets in what looks like a local news broadcast. "Disneyland enforcing policy."  This post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.) Disneyland did not immediately respond to an email from PolitiFact about the post.  Out on March 17, it announced on its blog that after being closed for more than a year, Disneyland park and Disneyland California Adventure park are planning to reopen to the public on April 30. There are some catches: There will be limited capacity and "operational changes" to promote physical distancing and follow "guidance from health authorities."  The blog post doesn’t mention roller coasters or screaming.  We couldn’t find the exact news broadcast that appears in the Facebook post, but other media organizations recently reported incorrectly that people riding roller coasters would be forbidden from screaming on rides, information that they later corrected.  Here’s what happened.  The California Attractions and Parks Association, a trade group for amusement parks in the state, published a "responsible reopening plan." It included a list of criteria for determining the risk of spreading COVID-19 and actions amusement parks could take to mitigate that risk.  That criteria included the ability to accommodate people wearing face coverings at all times, the ability to physically distance from people from different households, and the "ability to limit activities known to cause increased spread (e.g.: singing, shouting, heavy breathing; loud environments will cause people to raise voice)."  But the plan isn’t advocating for amusement parks to limit shouting or screaming bloody murder on your way down Big Thunder Mountain Railroad.  The plan suggested ways to limit the risks posed by shouting: "Face covering usage and/or modifications to seat loading patterns will be required on amusement park rides to mitigate the effects of shouting." The CBS News affiliate in Los Angeles was among the news outlets to report that theme parks may be required to ask visitors not to scream on rides — and soon corrected its story. And on March 18, the California Attractions and Parks Association tweeted in response to what it called  "some confusing reports in the press":  "At no point has CAPA recommended limiting or prohibiting yelling or screaming on amusement park rides as a way to mitigate transmission of COVID-19." While some news headlines like this one state that Disney parks are reopening "but no screaming please," we found that the source of these reports was the trade group’s reopening plan.  We didn’t find evidence that a screaming ban exists, or that Disney is enforcing such a policy.  We rate this claim False.    

Facebook Fact-checks,Coronavirus,Viral image

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Terry McAuliffe

2021-03-10 00:00:00

a speech:

“If you look at the average teacher pay compared to the average pay of your citizens, Virginia ranks last.”

Warren Fiske

2021-03-22 00:00:00

true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/mar/22/terry-mcauliffe/va-teachers-pay-last-compared-full-time-year-round/

Va. teachers pay ranks last in U.S. compared to full-time, year-round workers

"If you look at the average teacher pay compared to the average pay of your citizens, Virginia ranks last," he said during a March 10 virtual meeting with the Smith Mountain Lake Democrats. "We’re 50th out of 50 states. That is a disgrace." We fact checked McAuliffe’s statement and found it on the mark. McAuliffe was governor from 2014-2018 and stepped down because Virginia is the only state that bars its governor from serving successive terms. He faces four opponents in a June 8 Democratic primary, all of whom are also promising to increase teachers’ pay. Renzo Olivari, McAuliffe’s campaign spokesman, said McAuliffe’s claim is based on an article posted in August 2020 in business.org., a website that offers information and product reviews aimed at small businesses. The article was headlined, "The Best and Worst States for Teachers." It compared each state’s average teacher’s salary in the 2018-19 school year to its average 2019 salary for all full-time, year-round employees. Average teacher salaries were taken from data compiled by the National Center for Education Statistics; average employee salaries came from the U.S. Census Bureau. Virginia’s average teacher salary of $52,466 was 28% lower than the $72,833 average of all full-time workers - the largest discrepancy in the nation. That backs McAuliffe’s claim. But one potential problem remained. The Census Bureau updated its 2019 average employee salary figures after the article ran. So we ran the new numbers against the teacher pay data. Virginia still had the largest discrepancy or, as McAuliffe says, was last in the nation. The average pay of full-time, year-round employees was $73,890 - 29% higher than the average teacher salary of all workers. Nationally, the average for full-time employees was $67,787 compared to $61,730 for teachers - a 9% difference.  Virginia has the 8th highest average salary for full-time workers and ranks 34th in average teacher pay. McAuliffe says the discrepancy shows that the state has the wealth to raise its teachers’ salaries, and he pledges to lift them "above the national average within four years." Some legislators over the years have offered a similar argument for why Virginia can afford more spending, pointing to its status as a relatively low-tax state. Despite its wealth, Virginia ranks 36th in its average state and local tax burden, at 8.7% of income, according to USA Today.  McAuliffe estimates his four-year plan to raise teacher salaries by at least $9,200, when fully phased in, would cost about $800 million annually. We asked if it would require a tax increase and his campaign spokesman replied, "Terry will consider multiple revenue streams to fund this critically important issue, including the hundreds of millions in new revenue Virginia will see from marijuana legalization and new casino revenues. Additionally, Gov. (Ralph) Northam recently announced that our economy is rebounding faster than expected and because of that we’re expecting to see hundreds of millions of dollars in additional revenues."  A bill that would have raised teacher salaries to at least the national average over five years died this winter in the House Appropriations Committee. The increase, when fully phased in, would have cost the state $755 million a year, according to the Department of Planning and Budget.  Despite the failure of the bill, legislators agreed to a 5% teacher raise for the 2021-22 school year. Our ruling McAuliffe said, "If you look at the average teacher pay compared to the average pay of your citizens, Virginia ranks last." During the 2018-19 school year, the pay for a Virginia teacher was $52,466 and the average salary of a full-time, year-round worker was $73,890. The 29% discrepancy was the highest in the nation. So, we rate McAuliffe’s statement True.  

Education,Income,Wealth,Virginia,Terry McAuliffe

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TikTok posts

2021-03-17 00:00:00

a video caption:

“You will need a WHO Yellow Vaccination Passport if you plan on traveling internationally once borders open.”

Daniel Funke

2021-03-22 00:00:00

barely-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/mar/22/tiktok-posts/no-you-dont-need-who-vaccination-certificate-trave/

No, you don’t need a WHO vaccination certificate to travel internationally

A popular TikTok video said that if you want to travel abroad after getting the COVID-19 vaccine, you’ll need a passport. But not just any passport. "You will need a WHO Yellow Vaccination Passport if you plan on traveling internationally once borders open," says the caption on a March 17 post. The video, which had more than 80,000 shares before it was removed, featured a TikTok user who said he works at "an international airline." He said cards issued by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to Americans who receive the coronavirus vaccine aren’t sufficient to gain entry into other countries. "They’re not cutting it, because they’re easily forgeable and they’re administered by the CDC, which is an American organization that other countries don’t necessarily recognize," the user said in the video. "What is recognized by every country in the world are documents that are administered by the World Health Organization." Nearly a quarter of Americans have received at least one dose of the coronavirus vaccine, and President Joe Biden has said that at the current pace, the country could return to some degree of normalcy by July 4. So we wanted to take a closer look at the TikTok post’s claim about proof of vaccination for travelers. (Screenshot from TikTok) The video is wrong — COVID-19 vaccination is not required to travel abroad. While some countries have started to check for proof of vaccination for travelers to avoid quarantine and testing requirements, the documents are not required as a condition of travel, and the WHO has advocated against requiring vaccination before travel. In the video, the TikTok user held up a yellow document. He said the WHO sells the vaccination passport on its website, and that "you will need a doctor to sign and stamp this in order to make it valid"  The yellow document is the WHO’s International Certificate of Vaccination or Prophylaxis, which was created following the passage of the International Health Regulations in 2005. The passport-size vaccination record includes pages that "must be signed in the hand of the clinician … supervising the administration of the vaccine or prophylaxis." You can download and print one free online. The document is not directly related to COVID-19. "Under the current legal provisions in the International Health Regulations (2005), yellow fever is the only disease for which proof of vaccination is a prerequisite for entry," a WHO spokesperson told PolitiFact. In February, the WHO published a position paper that said countries should not begin requiring proof of COVID-19 vaccination for departure or entry, "given that there are still critical unknowns regarding the efficacy of vaccination in reducing transmission." "In addition, considering that there is limited availability of vaccines, preferential vaccination of travelers could result in inadequate supplies of vaccines for priority populations considered at high risk of severe COVID-19 disease," the WHO wrote. That recommendation is nonbinding, though, and some countries have started to implement their own COVID-19 vaccination policies for travel. Iceland, for example, has started allowing entry to passengers with proof of vaccination such as a WHO certificate. Without it, travelers would have to test negative for COVID-19.  Several other countries have similar policies. Sweden and Denmark are working on creating their own digital vaccination certificates, and Israel has issued its "green pass" to vaccinated citizens who want to access public amenities. (Consult the State Department’s website for a full list of country-level COVID-19 travel restrictions.) When asked in January if the U.S. could implement a COVID-19 vaccine passport system, Dr. Anthony Fauci, director of the National Institute for Allergy and Infectious Diseases, told Newsweek: "Anything is on the table. Anything is possible, of course." Our ruling A TikTok post said: "You will need a WHO Yellow Vaccination Passport if you plan on traveling internationally once borders open." That’s not literally true.  International health regulations for travelers require inoculations only against yellow fever. The WHO has advised countries not to require COVID-19 vaccination as a condition of travel. However, some countries have started to check for proof of vaccination to avoid quarantine and testing requirements — and the WHO’s vaccination record can be used in some circumstances. The post contains an element of truth but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. We rate it Mostly False. RELATED: Can vaccination and infection rates add up to reach COVID-19 herd immunity?

Facebook Fact-checks,Coronavirus,TikTok posts

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Mike Bost

2021-03-15 00:00:00

a radio

The American Rescue Plan Act “does not” include “checks and balances” on how funds for state and local governments can be spent.

Kiannah Sepeda-Miller

2021-03-21 00:00:00

half-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/mar/21/mike-bost/does-american-rescue-plan-limit-how-states-can-spe/

Does the American Rescue Plan limit how states can spend funds?

After failing to stop the $1.9 trillion COVID-19 stimulus package from becoming law, Republicans are blasting the plan as a bailout for poorly managed Democratic states and cities. A key piece of the criticism has been the stipulation that $350 billion be siphoned off for state and local governments, money Democrats who pushed through the legislation with no Republican support argue will blunt the pandemic’s fiscal fallout. Rep. Mike Bost, a Republican from Murphysboro in southwestern Illinois, joined the national GOP chorus when in a WJPF radio interview he claimed there was nothing in the legislation limiting how states can spend the money. "Where are the checks and balances in the issuing of these funds? Where is it that in there it says, it can only be used for A, B, C and D? It does not," Bost said. "And that’s the problem." The law — dubbed the "American Rescue Plan" by President Joe Biden — is more flexible than previous aid packages in how money can be spent, experts told us. But it’s also not a free-for-all. More leeway, but some limits A relief bill passed last year, when Republicans controlled the White House and the U.S. Congress, earmarked $150 billion in state and local government aid for expenses tied only to the public health emergency. After last year’s law — dubbed the CARES Act — took effect, guidance from the federal Department of the Treasury explained funds could go beyond direct health care spending to cover items such as payroll for first responders and costs associated with caring for the homeless community. The text of the latest aid package sets more flexible guidelines, allowing state and local governments to spend on the pandemic’s "negative economic impacts." According to the language of the new law, funds can go toward increased pay for essential workers, preventing cuts to government services, and making investments in water, sewer, or broadband infrastructure as well. And unlike the 2020 CARES Act, it covers costs incurred through 2024. Bost spokesperson Alex Naughton, responding to our inquiry in an email, said the Democrats’ package lacks "any meaningful guardrails" for how state and local governments can spend the funds. "They so loosely defined the terms of what’s an acceptable use of funds … that literally almost any expense could qualify," Naughton said. "This effectively creates a slush fund to use on whatever they want, as long as they paste a ‘pandemic response’ label on the package first." Experts agreed the new law provides considerable leeway, but they added that it does set some limits and outlines penalties for states and municipalities if they go beyond the legislation’s parameters. Specifically, state and local governments can’t use funds to make pension payments or offset lost revenue from state and local tax cuts enacted since March 3, 2021. In Illinois, the pension fund prohibition is particularly relevant given the state’s struggle to meet its pension obligations. Last April, Democratic state Senate President Don Harmon attracted national media coverage when he sent a letter to Illinois’ congressional delegation requesting $10 billion to help shore up the underfunded pension funds. The prohibition on direct pension spending doesn’t rule out the possibility the federal aid could free up other state money to shift toward pensions. Audit provisions in the law, however, spell out how states would have to return the money if they violate the spending restrictions. "If something is found to be outside the scope of the program, the [state or local] government's on the hook to pay that back," said Amanda Kass, associate director of the Government Finance Research Center at the University of Illinois-Chicago’s College of Urban Planning and Public Affairs. Our ruling Bost said the American Rescue Plan "does not" include "checks and balances" on how state and local government funds can be spent. Experts agreed the package is more permissive than previous state and local relief. It allows spending not only on public health but also on the economic impact of the pandemic as well as government services and infrastructure. But it still contains two big restrictions: the money cannot pay down pensions or fill in holes created by tax cuts. State and local governments also have to report how they spend the funds, and if they are found in violation must pay the money back. We rate Bost’s claim Half True. HALF TRUE – The statement is partially accurate but leaves out important details or takes things out of context. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.

Federal Budget,State Budget,Illinois,Coronavirus,Mike Bost

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Tweets

2021-03-16 00:00:00

“Black Lives Matter of Atlanta Charged with Wire Fraud, Money Laundering and Allegedly Using almost 500k in Donations For Personal Use.”

Bill McCarthy

2021-03-19 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/mar/19/tweets/no-black-lives-matter-wasnt-charged-fraudulently-s/

No, Black Lives Matter wasn’t charged with fraudulently spending donation money

Social media users are wrongly claiming that an official Black Lives Matter organization was charged with committing wire fraud, laundering money and misusing donation money. The reality is different: a lone Ohio activist was indicted on similar charges after he allegedly created a Facebook page that he passed off as a Black Lives Matter charity.  The facts haven’t stopped the spread of misleading claims about what happened. "Black Lives Matter of Atlanta Charged with Wire Fraud, Money Laundering and Allegedly Using almost 500k in Donations For Personal Use," said conservative commentator Chuck Callesto, a former Republican congressional candidate, in one such tweet posted March 16. Screenshots of Callesto’s tweet were shared on Facebook, along with other posts that repeated versions of the same claim. They were flagged as part of the platform’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.)  The posts give the misleading impression that the wire fraud and money laundering charges were filed against an official chapter of the Black Lives Matter movement formed in 2013 after the fatal shooting of Trayvon Martin, a Black teenager, in Florida. But Black Lives Matter was not charged. The charges are actually against a 32-year-old activist named Sir Maejor Page, or Tyree Conyers-Page, according to the Justice Department. Page is accused of using a Facebook page called "Black Lives Matter of Greater Atlanta," an illegitimate nonprofit, to defraud donors on the platform who thought they were supporting a legitimate social justice organization. Page created the Facebook account and registered "Black Lives Matter of Greater Atlanta" as a nonprofit organization in 2016, and he continued soliciting donations through Facebook after the group’s tax-exempt status was revoked for failure to submit required IRS forms for three years, according to the indictment against him. Prosecutors say Page misled Facebook users into believing their donations would be used to back protests in support of George Floyd and the Black Lives Matter movement. He received donations from more than 100 people through the Facebook page. He put thousands of dollars toward personal items, entertainment, hotel rooms and a house, the indictment says. The Black Lives Matter Global Network Foundation, a charity created as an outgrowth of the Black Lives Matter movement, said in September that it was not affiliated with Page and that it rejected "the extreme misleading behaviors of people who utilize our name for their own personal wealth and gain."  "Our stance remains that Mr. Page is not affiliated with Black Lives Matter Global Network Foundation, nor is he an activist for the movement," the foundation told PolitiFact. Fox 5 Atlanta, a local TV station, reported in 2016 that Page had "parted ways" with the Black Lives Matter movement in Atlanta before starting his Facebook page.  A Twitter account for "Black Lives Matter Atlanta" posted two tweets that same year saying Page’s group was "not a real chapter" and "not aligned w/ principles of BLM." The Black Lives Matter Global Network Foundation confirmed that the Twitter account is legitimate. Using Facebook, PolitiFact messaged Callesto, who created the tweet that appeared on Facebook as a screenshot. After we reached out, he acknowledged that his tweet "could mislead" and posted a follow-up tweet in a thread under the original.  "This tweet is missing CONTEXT," Callesto wrote in the March 18 update. "It should read..  ‘Black Lives Matter of GREATER Atlanta’ Charged with Wire Fraud, Money Laundering... ‘Black Lives Matter of GREATER Atlanta’ refers to a(n) illegitimate nonprofit organization." Callesto cited a Toledo Blade article about Page’s indictment. He said he had copied the original claim from a headline on a news site. But PolitiFact searched Google and the Nexis news database and did not find a headline that matched the language in his tweet. Conservative activist Jack Posobiec tweeted a similar claim while sharing a Daily Caller story about Page’s indictment. Posobiec wrote, misleadingly, "Black Lives Matter of Atlanta Charged with Money Laundering, Wire Fraud, Allegedly Used $450,000 in Donations for Personal use." Our ruling A tweet reposted to Facebook said, "Black Lives Matter of Atlanta Charged with Wire Fraud, Money Laundering and Allegedly Using almost 500k in Donations For Personal Use." That’s misleading. Black Lives Matter was not charged. The charges are against one person accused of misusing donations to what the Justice Department says was an illegitimate nonprofit posing as a Black Lives Matter charity.  The Black Lives Matter Global Network Foundation said in a September statement that it was not affiliated with that person. A local news report from 2016 said he had "parted ways" with the Black Lives Matter of Atlanta movement.  We rate this tweet False.

Crime,Race and Ethnicity,Facebook Fact-checks,Tweets

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Bloggers

2021-03-13 00:00:00

an article:

A CDC study found that “mask mandates made no statistical difference” on coronavirus case rates.

Noah Y. Kim

2021-03-19 00:00:00

pants-fire

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/mar/19/blog-posting/no-cdc-study-did-not-find-mask-mandates-make-no-st/

No, a CDC study did not find that mask mandates make no statistical difference on coronavirus rates

A new study from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention found that widespread mask use significantly helped stem the spread of the coronavirus.  Yet a conservative news site claims that the study actually found the opposite, quoting two sentences out of context to make it appear that mask mandates had an insignificant effect on coronavirus case rates.  "CDC: Mask Mandates Made No Statistical Difference," reads the headline of an article published in Texas Scorecard that is being shared widely on Facebook. The article was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.) We interviewed three public health experts familiar with the study and a spokesperson from the CDC. They were unanimous: The article’s reading of the study is off-base.  "It’s not accurate at all to say that mask mandates played no role in decreasing COVID-19 case rates and deaths," said Cindy Prins, a clinical associate professor of epidemiology at the University of Florida College of Public Health and Health Professions. "People are completely misunderstanding the study design if they are coming to that conclusion." Both the study and the article were released as state governments considered lifting mask requirements, with five states — Texas, North Dakota, Mississippi, Iowa and Montana — opting to do so.  We reached out to the author of the article but did not hear back.  Article quotes study out of context The main takeaway from the study was that "mask mandates were associated with statistically significant decreases in county-level daily COVID-19 case and death growth rates," said CDC spokesperson Jason McDonald.  This conclusion is stated multiple times in the agency’s study.  As evidence for its claims, the Texas Scorecard article quotes two sentences from the study out of context.  "Daily case and death growth rates before implementation of mask mandates were not statistically different from the reference period," reads the first.  The article takes the term "reference period" to refer to the period after the mask mandate was implemented. However, the report explicitly defines the "reference period" as the 20 days before the mask mandates started.  "When the authors (of the CDC study) say ‘daily case and death growth rates before implementation of mask mandates were not statistically different from the reference period,’ they mean that rates 60-21 days before mandates were not statistically different from those 20-1 days before the mandate," explained Johns Hopkins epidemiologist Nikolas Wada.  The CDC study compared case rates from these two time periods to make sure that there wasn’t already a downward trend in coronavirus case and death rates before the mask mandate was implemented. According to McDonald, this helped the CDC to rule out other factors that could have accounted for the decrease.  The Texas Scorecard article also quotes the following sentence from the CDC study out of context: "Changes in daily COVID-19 case and death growth rates were not statistically significant 1-20 and 21-40 days after restrictions were lifted."  The sentence appears at a point in the study that discusses the effect of indoor dining on coronavirus case and death rates. Although the study found that allowing restaurants to serve customers initially had a statistically insignificant effect on coronavirus case rates, the effect did gradually become statistically significant sometime between the 41st and 60th day after dining restrictions were lifted. Other studies on mask mandates from the CDC and other sources have consistently found that widespread mask use decreases coronavirus case rates.  Our ruling Texas Scorecard wrote that a CDC study found that "Mask Mandates Made No Statistical Difference" on coronavirus case rates.  That’s wrong and amounts to a ridiculous reading of a study that actually found the opposite: Mask mandates were associated with statistically significant decreases in county-level daily COVID-19 case and death growth rates. Pants on Fire! ​

Facebook Fact-checks,Coronavirus,Bloggers

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Duey Stroebel

2021-03-07 00:00:00

a TV

"We’ve had more voter turnout since voter ID was passed than ever before."

Eric Litke

2021-03-19 00:00:00

barely-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/mar/19/duey-stroebel/record-turnouts-after-voter-id-law-passed-not-real/

Record turnouts after voter ID law passed? Not really

Citing concerns over voter fraud, Wisconsin Republicans implemented a voter ID law in 2011 requiring photo identification before casting a ballot. Opponents blasted this as disenfranchisement, saying it disproportionately affected certain groups of voters and imposed unconstitutional barriers to voting. That prompted a yearslong legal battle that concluded only when the U.S. Supreme Court rejected a challenge to the law in 2015. With Republicans gearing up to push an array of new election law changes, state Sen. Duey Stroebel, R-Cedarburg, raised the voter ID topic in a recent TV interview. "We’ve had more voter turnout since voter ID was passed than ever before," Stroebel, who is leading the effort to introduce the new limitations, said in a March 7, 2021, appearance on WISN-TV’s UpFront program. In other words, Stroebel is asserting the photo ID requirements that opponents on the left condemned as voter suppression in fact were followed by an increase in voting. Let’s see if he has a point. How to calculate turnout The first question is how we define turnout — a more complicated question than it might seem. It’s easy to bungle the data. For instance, while trying to make the case for widespread fraud in 2020, Donald Trump Jr. said voter turnout in Wisconsin had jumped from 67% in 2016 to 89%. But he calculated the two figures differently, and we rated the claim Pants on Fire. In defending Stroebel’s claim, his policy director, Brian Sikma, pointed to raw vote totals. But that’s a poor measure since the number of potential voters changes dramatically over time, due to population growth and other factors. Stroebel’s claim was that recent turnout is the highest "ever," but Wisconsin has twice as many potential voters as it did in the 1960s. So we need a rate statistic — some reflection of the percentage of eligible people who voted, which allows us to compare different eras. Many states use registered voters for this calculation, but that’s a tough measure to use in Wisconsin since the state allows same-day voter registration. That creates a significant lag between knowing how many votes were cast and knowing how many people were registered, which clerks report well after the election.  But there are other problems as well. "Some have argued that a strict voter ID law could actually discourage people from registering if those individuals believe that they lack proper ID to vote. If this sort or behavior occurs, then a law that reduces voter registration could misleadingly appear to produce higher turnout because fewer people are registered," said Barry Burden, director of the Elections Research Center at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. "In a similar fashion, the actions taken by the (Wisconsin Elections Commission) over the past few years to remove outdated or incorrect registration records from the statewide database could lead to misleading conclusions about turnout rates." Because of such concerns, the elections commission calculates turnout as the number of voters divided by the number of voting-age adults. We’ll lean on that for our analysis, along with a similar calculation that divides by the number of eligible voters (which removes non-citizens, felons and other ineligible voters from the total). Putting Stroebel’s claim in context Stroebel’s assertion is noteworthy since it is at odds with traditional wisdom on the subject — the expectation that adding requirements to voting will reduce the number of voters. Some form of voter ID is now required in 36 states, according to the National Conference of State Legislatures. A 2014 report from the nonpartisan U.S. Government Accountability Office found the changes had a mixed impact on turnout. They examined 10 studies that analyzed turnout before and after voter ID was implemented in various states: five studies found no connection between the two, four found decreases in turnout and one found an increase in turnout. In a Wisconsin-specific study in 2017, Kenneth Mayer, a University of Wisconsin political science professor, estimated between 11,701 and 23,252 people did not vote in the 2016 presidential election because of confusion over voter ID requirements or lack of proper identification. Conservatives disputed that finding, however. Will Flanders, research director at the Wisconsin Institute for Law and Liberty, told the Wisconsin Center for Investigative Journalism in 2018 the study "pushed a narrative" of voter suppression but did not actually prove it. Breaking down the numbers So did Wisconsin really post its highest-ever voter turnout in the years since voter ID took effect? Burden said presidential elections are the best way to gauge the law’s effect, since other elections have a lower turnout and involve voters who "tend to be older, wealthier, more educated, and whiter, all factors that correlate with the likelihood of knowing about the law and possessing IDs." We’ll start there, but will review all elections since Stroebel’s claim wasn’t specific to presidential contests. In 2012 — the last presidential election before voter ID — 70.1% of the voting-age population turned out. That dropped to 67.3% in 2016 under voter ID, then rose to 72.7% in 2020, according to the elections commission. The 2020 turnout figure is the third-highest since 1948, topped only by turnout around 73% in 1960 and 2004, according to data assembled by the elections commission. Turnout figures from the U.S. Elections Project — which calculates turnout based on eligible voters — showed 2020’s turnout was the highest since at least 1980, slightly edging 2004. But let’s look closer at 2016. Turnout rose overall in the U.S. that year to 60.1%, up from 58.6% in 2012, according to the Elections Project. So Wisconsin was bucking the national trend by declining in the first year of voter ID. Wisconsin had the second-largest decline in turnout in 2016 among the 50 states from 2012 to 2016. That’s a big mark against the narrative Stroebel is laying out. Taking a broader view, here’s how the other elections since 2016 stacked up, according to elections commission data: The gubernatorial elections, i.e. mid-term elections, show results in line with Stroebel’s claim. The 2018 turnout of 59.43% was the highest in the state dating back to 1950. That was part of a national surge, however. Nationwide turnout in that election was the highest overall since 1914 amid the polarizing tenure of President Donald Trump, according to the elections project. Turnout for the recent April presidential primaries has not been the highest ever. The 2016 turnout was fourth-highest since 1948, and 2020 was 10th-highest.  The August primary turnout was even lower compared to historical norms. Among the 2016, 2018 and 2020 elections, only the 2018 race was in the Top 10 since 1948.  The 2018 and 2019 spring elections, which were topped by Wisconsin Supreme Court contests, ranked second and third for turnout among the 10 contested races since 2010, but they were far short of the 2011 turnout in the race won by Justice David Prosser.  If we narrow our focus to just the few elections before and after voter ID (as in the chart above), we see turnout rose since 2016 in the gubernatorial elections, presidential primaries and partisan primaries, while it stayed largely stable in presidential elections and fell short of the recent high in the state Supreme Court race. But Stroebel didn’t just say turnout rose, he said it was the highest ever. And on that, he is off the mark. Our ruling Stroebel said, "We’ve had more voter turnout since voter ID was passed than ever before." The implication baked into this claim is that the law must not have hampered voting if turnout was still historically high. But the data doesn’t make that case, especially since turnout rose in the U.S. overall in recent years. Turnout in the 2018 gubernatorial election was the highest ever — as part of a nationwide surge — but the other elections held since voter ID passed don’t show such a historic jump. And many weren’t close. In the presidential elections, turnout rose in 2020, but it dropped in 2016 even as voter turnout rose nationally. We define Mostly False as "a statement that contains an element of truth but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression." That fits here.

Elections,States,Wisconsin,Duey Stroebel

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13363, 430, 1053, 3041, 264, 2204, 21455, 1210, 3011, 18809, 1618, 2055]

Eric Greitens

an

By ending the Keystone XL Pipeline project, President Joe Biden “imperiled one of Donald Trump's most significant achievements, which was that we had achieved American energy independence.”

William Skipworth

2021-03-19 00:00:00

barely-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/mar/19/eric-greitens/greitens-missed-mark-keystone-xl-statement/

Greitens missed the mark with Keystone XL statement

During a March 2 radio appearance on the Marc Cox Morning Show on 97.1 KTFK, Former Missouri Gov. Eric Greitens told listeners he’s evaluating the possibility of running for Senate in 2022. Such a run became more probable after Sen. Roy Blunt announced that he wouldn’t run for another term. While explaining his views and would-be platform, Greitens attacked President Joe Biden’s energy policy and praised former President Donald Trump’s. He specifically went after Biden for nixing the Keystone XL pipeline project. "Look at what he did, for example, coming into office and killing the Keystone XL pipeline," Greitens said. "Not only did he kill 11,000 jobs with the stroke of the pen, he also imperiled one of Donald Trump's most significant achievements, which was that we had achieved American energy independence under President Trump." Repeated attempts to reach Greitens via his website and social media were unsuccessful.  On Biden’s first day as president, he signed an executive order revoking the permit for construction of the Keystone XL pipeline, an 875-mile pipeline that would have carried a heavy crude oil mixture from Alberta to Nebraska. This led to the project being suspended in the early days of construction. It was originally authorized by then-President Trump in March 2019 but met with criticism over its effect on the environment and its encroachment on indigenous peoples’ territory. PolitiFact has already looked at statements claiming that the order killed 11,000 jobs before and rated them Half True. But we wanted to take a closer look at the rest of Greitens’s statement. Did the U.S. achieve energy independence under Trump? Achieving complete energy independence was one of Trump’s big campaign promises and something he worked for while in office. PolitiFact tracked most of Trump’s campaign promises, including this one — rating it a Compromise. There are two generally accepted definitions of energy independence. One says that energy independence occurs when the country produces more energy than it consumes. By that definition, the U.S. achieved energy independence in April 2019. The U.S. Energy Information Administration releases a monthly report tracking energy statistics. According to that report, the U.S. produced 7.918 quadrillion Btu in November 2020. (A Btu is a measurement of energy consistent with the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a pound of water by 1 degree Fahrenheit.) In that same month, the U.S. consumed 7.603 quadrillion Btu. Some experts prefer a different definition of energy independence: no energy imports. Here, the U.S. doesn’t have to rely on other countries or be subject to global market disruptions. It’s independent from the global market. By this definition, the U.S. is far from achieving energy independence. The Energy Information Administration’s monthly report shows that the U.S. imported 1.598 quadrillion Btu in November 2020. But if the U.S. is producing more energy than it consumes, why is it importing energy? Well, much of the energy the U.S. produces is exported to other countries. Of the 7.918 quadrillion Btu the U.S. produced in November 2020, it exported 1.958 quadrillion. This left the country short of the 7.603 Btu Americans consumed that month, so energy was imported to make up the difference. So why does the U.S. export so much energy? According to the American Petroleum Institute, a group that represents the oil and gas industry, companies need to in order to refine it properly. Crude oil is not a consistent homogenous product, it says. Different types of crude oil — particularly those with different viscosities or sulfur levels — require different types of refinery infrastructure to process it properly. Not all of the oil extracted from U.S. soil can be processed well in the U.S. Did Biden’s order hurt America’s energy independence? This claim circulated around social media in the days after Biden’s executive order and other similar actions. PolitiFact found it to be Mostly False. This claim relies on the notion that canceling the Keystone Pipeline would decrease American energy production.  However, the pipeline would be transporting oil extracted in Canada. Energy production is defined as the amount of primary energy extracted from nature, so this won’t affect the amount of energy the U.S. actually produces, only potentially the amount it imports and where it is imported from. Our ruling Greitens said that when Biden canceled the Keystone XL pipeline, he "imperiled one of Donald Trump's most significant achievements, which was that we had achieved American energy independence under President Trump." According to one definition of energy independence, the U.S. achieved energy independence under Trump. Another definition says it means no net imports. Either way, his claim that Biden’s action threatened that energy independence doesn’t hold up. The action won’t affect U.S. energy production, only imports. We rate this Mostly False.

Energy,Missouri,Eric Greitens

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Ron DeSantis

2021-03-13 00:00:00

"When I became governor, we banned sanctuary cities and we also did E-Verify."

Amy Sherman

2021-03-19 00:00:00

mostly-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/mar/19/ron-desantis/fact-checking-desantis-sanctuary-cities-e-verify-l/

Fact-checking DeSantis on sanctuary cities, E-Verify laws

Gov. Ron DeSantis said while the Biden administration has created a crisis at the border, Florida lawmakers have taken action on their own to address illegal immigration. "When I became governor, we banned sanctuary cities and we also did E-Verify," Florida’s Republican governor said on Fox News, adding that he hoped such policies spread nationwide. "Biden is going in the absolute wrong direction," DeSantis said. "Trump had it right at the border, Biden has got it wrong." DeSantis did sign laws to ban sanctuary cities and require some employers to use E-Verify, a federal program for employers to verify eligibility for employment. But he omits context about both bills. Florida’s sanctuary cities ban There is no official definition or list of sanctuary cities, and some cities or counties have pushed back on that label. There also isn't any uniform sanctuary policy. Broadly, jurisdictions are described as sanctuary cities when they have policies that restrict state or local police from assisting federal immigration officers; stop local or state officials from inquiring into a person's immigration status; or restrict information sharing between local or state law enforcement and federal authorities. Democrats have said that sanctuary cities don’t really exist, but that Republicans pretend they do to score political points. We found in 2018 that the fluidity of the definition plus legal challenges made it hard to determine if Florida had sanctuary cities or counties. In 2019, DeSantis signed a law prohibiting a local government entity from having a sanctuary policy. The law required county jails to enter into agreements with a federal immigration agency and do their best to support federal immigration law. Supporters of the bill said it would improve public safety. Opponents said it was discriminatory and would erode trust between law enforcement and immigrant communities. Immigration advocates protested SB 168, a sanctuary cities ban, on April 23, 2019, during a press conference in the Florida Capitol in Tallahassee, Fla. (AP)   The Southern Poverty Law Center sued DeSantis on behalf of immigration advocates and the city of South Miami. The case went to trial in January, and U.S. District Judge Beth Bloom has not announced her ruling, although in December she struck down a part of the law that allowed local law enforcement to transport immigration detainees outside their own jurisdictions. A spokesperson for DeSantis said that the legislation has deterred cities from choosing not to enforce federal immigration laws. A spokesperson for the Florida Sheriffs Association said that after SB 168 was signed into law, sheriffs updated their policies and entered into agreements with federal immigration officials, although some already had such agreements. "The vast majority cooperated anyway," said Paul Chavez, an attorney at the Southern Poverty Law Center. "It’s rare that a jurisdiction wouldn’t." Before DeSantis signed the sanctuary cities ban, the Center for Immigration Studies, a think tank favoring low levels of immigration, listed Florida’s Alachua and Clay counties and the city of West Palm Beach as being sanctuary jurisdictions, but all denied the label at the time. Now, there are no Florida communities listed. Both Alachua and Clay counties now have "basic ordering agreements" with ICE, as do most Florida counties. But Alachua’s sheriff spokesman Art Forgey said it was already the agency’s policy to give ICE access to inmates when in 2019 it signed a formal agreement to that effect in response to the new law. West Palm Beach reached an agreement with the Justice Department over its policies, and the city directed employees to share information with federal immigration officials. Florida’s E-Verify mandate for public employers DeSantis campaigned on a promise to enact E-Verify for employers. E-Verify is a federal online program that allows enrolled employers to confirm the eligibility of their employees to work in the United States by matching information employees provide against Social Security and immigration records. Many states require the use of E-Verify for at least some employers. After resistance from business groups, DeSantis signed a bill in June 2020 that required E-Verify for public employers and contractors, but gave private employers a choice: They could use E-Verify or complete federally required employment eligibility forms and retain copies of the supporting documents. Many businesses already chose to retain those supporting documents, such as a passport, green card, driver’s license or birth certificate.  In this, Wednesday, Feb. 5, 2020 photo, workers monitor tomatoes as they are boxed, in Florida City, Fla. (AP)   The new state law expanded the E-Verify rules "a little bit more," said Enrique Gonzalez, a Miami lawyer and expert on immigration compliance for companies and institutions. But it’s nowhere near as stringent as states that mandate E-Verify for all employers, such as Arizona. "We have not seen a substantial difference with implementation of this law compared to what (employers) were doing previously," Gonzalez said. The Florida law required compliance by Jan. 1, 2021. There were about 66,000 Florida employers with E-Verify agreements as of Dec. 31, an increase from about 51,000 in 2019. But it’s unclear to what extent that relates to the new law or simply normal growth; there were about 41,000 in 2018. A bill introduced this session would mandate that all employers use E-Verify. Our ruling DeSantis said "when I became governor, we banned sanctuary cities and we also did E-Verify." DeSantis did sign both bills, but omits context about both.  The bill he signed in 2019 banned local governments from having sanctuary policies. and required local jurisdictions to cooperate with federal immigration enforcement. But many jurisdictions already cooperated in such a manner before the law. The future of the law is uncertain due to a pending ruling from a federal judge regarding its legality. In 2020, DeSantis did sign a bill to require E-Verify for public employers and their contractors, but in his comments, the governor omitted that it didn’t apply to private employers who could instead use federal forms used to verify eligibility for employment.  The statement is accurate but needs clarification or additional information. We rate it Mostly True. RELATED: Fact-checking Florida attorney general on Biden’s immigration detainer policy RELATED: Fact-checking claims about deportations in Biden's first month

Immigration,Workers,Florida,Ron DeSantis

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Barbara Dittrich

2021-02-16 00:00:00

Column:

"Pot today is not the weed baby boomers were smoking."

Haley BeMiller

2021-03-19 00:00:00

true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/mar/19/barbara-dittrich/yes-marijuana-stronger-it-used-be/

Yes, marijuana is stronger than it used to be

Wisconsin Republicans have been blunt about their opposition to legalizing marijuana.  Gov. Tony Evers proposed legalizing recreational and medical marijuana in his 2021-’23 state budget as a way to bring in more revenue that he’d put toward rural schools and marginalized communities. Some GOP lawmakers have signaled they could support medical use, but the measure is not given much hope for passage.   State Rep. Barbara Dittrich, R-Oconomowoc, published a column on her legislative web page on Feb. 16, 2021 titled "Gaslighting Marijuana" that touched on a range of arguments against legalization. One line in particular caught our eye. "There is the pervasive, false perception that marijuana is not dangerous," Dittrich wrote. "Pot today is not the weed baby boomers were smoking." Is Dittrich right that modern marijuana is different than the grass of Woodstock past? The evolution of marijuana  Dittrich’s argument centers around the amount of THC — the chemical that produces a high — in dried marijuana leaves and wax used for vaping devices. When asked for evidence to support her claim, an aide provided links to several articles about the drug and its health impacts. In 2015, Andy LaFrate of the marijuana testing lab Charas Scientific said the average potency of marijuana the lab tested had reached 20% THC — an increase from where it was 20 or 30 years prior. "I would say the average potency of marijuana has probably increased by a factor of at least three," LaFrate said in a video from the American Chemical Society.  That tracks with other research done on this topic. One study in 2019 found marijuana potency on average increased from 8.9% in 2008 to 17.1% in 2017. Another group of researchers indicated THC amounts were as low as 4% in 1995.  By contrast, THC content reached 22% and 67% in parts of the Netherlands, according to a study in Europe. Products with an average potency of 14% represented most of the London street market, while Italy, France and Spain saw marijuana with less than 10% THC. Today’s potency depends in part on whether the marijuana comes from the legal or black market, said Susan Weiss, director of the Division of Extramural Research at the National Institute on Drug Abuse. Marijuana recently seized by the Drug Enforcement Administration tests between 12 to 14% on average, she said, compared to 3% or less in the 1970s and 1980s. But dispensaries sell products with up to 20% THC. The change over time can be attributed to several factors, Weiss said: Marijuana back in the day was largely imported from Mexico, and potency would have decreased as it sat before being distributed. People also know more about the genetics of the plant now and can grow it in more controlled environments. Plus, the demand exists for a stronger product. "Just as you can breed for better tomatoes, you can breed for higher potency plants," Weiss said. Marijuana users also have more options today by way of concentrates like wax and oil that can be used for vaping — which are even stronger than dried cannabis.  In 2014, the head of the DEA told lawmakers that the THC content of those products averaged 54%, with some as high as 99%. According to NIDA, solvent-based products range on average from 54 to 69% THC, while non-solvent products have levels between 39 to 60%. Our ruling In a column, Dittrich said "pot today is not the weed baby boomers were smoking." Research shows that the THC content of marijuana has increased significantly since the 1970s amid shifting trends in the industry and a greater understanding of the cannabis plant.  We rate Dittrich’s claim True.   

Drugs,Marijuana,Wisconsin,Barbara Dittrich

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YouTube videos

2021-03-17 00:00:00

a YouTube post:

Video shows Joe Biden faked an interview in front of a green screen.

Ciara O'Rourke

2021-03-18 00:00:00

pants-fire

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/mar/18/youtube-videos/no-biden-didnt-fake-interview-front-green-screen/

No, Biden didn’t fake an interview in front of a green screen

On March 16, President Joe Biden was walking to an awaiting helicopter on the White House grounds when he stopped briefly to talk to a group of reporters, some holding boom mics.  "Do you have any plans to travel to the southern border?" a reporter asked. "Not at the moment," Biden said. He answers another question about COVID-19 vaccines and then walks on.  The moment is unremarkable, unless you’ve been misled to believe the whole thing is a fraud — that the interview was fake and the president was acting in front of a green screen.   A YouTube video that has been viewed more than half a million times is among the many social media posts to spread this false claim. Titled "Biden fakes interview, green screen fails," the post alleges that "the reporters were not there" because of how Biden’s hands appear in relation to the microphones. This post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.) The YouTube video uses two clips of Biden talking to reporters. One clip is from The Hill and the other is from the Washington Post.  Around the 9-second mark in The Hill’s video, Biden’s hands appear to move in front of the microphones as if they weren’t there. There’s no denying that it looks strange. But it doesn’t prove he’s talking in front of a green screen.  Steve Herman, a Voice of America reporter who was holding one of the microphones, tweeted about the rumors on March 17.  "I was the one holding the lighter-colored fuzzy microphone and thus literally in front of @POTUS on the South Lawn," Herman wrote. "It’s all real." Herman also shared a video created by Mick West, who writes about conspiracy theories. In the video, West explains that because the microphones were on long booms, which enable reporters to maintain physical distance from the president amid the coronavirus pandemic, they give the illusion that something is amiss.  He recreated a similar scenario in his own yard and filmed it from different angles. The effect is the same. "It does look weird, but once you understand what’s going on, it’s pretty obvious," he says in the video. Herman noted in an email to PolitiFact that, even when there's not a pandemic, the booms are regularly used during outdoor helicopter talks due to challenging acoustics.  Other images from that day show the president, microphones and reporters from other angles.  In this Reuters image, taken by photographer Tom Brenner, Biden can be seen from the side talking to reporters who are standing several feet away with their microphones extended forward. This Getty Images shot, by photographer Drew Angerer, shows Biden standing behind the microphones from below. This Washington Post video shows the interview from a different angle than the Hill video.  And this clip, shared by FiveThirtyEight reporter Kaleigh Rogers, shows the different videos side by side.  While the clip that’s being shared on social media may look odd, it’s not a hoax. It’s an optical illusion.  We rate the claim that Biden faked this interview with reporters in front of a green screen Pants on Fire!  UPDATE, March 19, 2021: This story has been updated to include additional information from journalist Steve Herman about the function of booms. 

Corrections and Updates,Facebook Fact-checks,YouTube videos

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Kevin McCarthy

2021-03-14 00:00:00

an

“Democrats have accomplished a lot in just 2 months ... 1 Million energy jobs destroyed.”

Jon Greenberg

2021-03-17 00:00:00

pants-fire

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/mar/17/kevin-mccarthy/gops-mccarthy-wrongly-accuses-democrats-destroying/

GOP’s McCarthy wrongly accuses Democrats of destroying 1 million energy jobs

House Republican Leader Kevin McCarthy took to Fox News to highlight the damage purportedly wrought by Democrats since President Joe Biden took office. He summarized his comments in a tweet. "Democrats have accomplished a lot in just 2 months," McCarthy tweeted March 14. "Higher gas prices. Biden's border crisis. 1 Million energy jobs destroyed." Democrats have accomplished a lot in just 2 months:❌ Higher gas prices❌ Biden's border crisis❌ 1 Million energy jobs destroyedAnd they’re just getting started. pic.twitter.com/8gUGmL0QFL— Kevin McCarthy (@GOPLeader) March 14, 2021 The press of unaccompanied minors and families at the Mexico border is real. Gas prices have gone up, though most of the increase took place under President Donald Trump, and is driven by an improving economy and global oil markets, rather than Washington policy. McCarthy’s statement about 1 million energy jobs, which he also made in the Fox News interview, is way off. We reached out to McCarthy’s office for an explanation and did not hear back. The 1 million figure in his claim number aligns with a forecast from the American Petroleum Institute, a group that represents the oil and gas industry, but McCarthy misrepresented what the number means. In September, the American Petroleum Institute wrote that under a total ban on oil and gas leasing, "nearly one million jobs would be lost by 2022." Here’s why that doesn’t back up McCarthy’s claim: The study assumed all new leasing and new drilling on existing leases for oil and gas on federally controlled land and waters would stop completely. The Biden administration fulfilled its campaign promise to put new leasing on hold, but production on current leases continues uninterrupted. Plus, there are over 7,000 approved drilling permits that oil and gas companies have yet to use.  The study estimated total job losses, not energy job losses. The underlying model forecast a decline in the national economy, and translated that into an overall decline in employment. McCarthy spoke of 1 million energy jobs. It is a projection, and as the underlying study itself noted, projections "are not predictions of what will happen, but rather modeled projections of what may happen." McCarthy’s statement holds Democrats responsible for hypothetical results as if they’ve actually taken place. Philip Jordan with BW Research tracks jobs in the energy sector for the National Association of State Energy Officials. Jobs in the oil, gas and coal industries have declined due to the pandemic downturn, Jordan said, but that was about 120,000 jobs, and took place before Biden took office. Jordan said that McCarthy’s number is implausible on its face. "The total of fossil fuel industries combined have about 1.6 million jobs," Jordan said. "A million energy jobs lost? I think the math is impossible." Our ruling McCarthy said in the past two months, Democrats led by Biden have "destroyed 1 million energy jobs." The 1 million figure matches a number from an American Petroleum Institute report, but that report assumed all new oil and gas development on federal property would cease, while the Biden policy affects only new leasing. And the projected job losses were across the entire economy — not solely in energy. McCarthy spoke as if the jobs were actually lost in the past two months, but the figure came from a projection, which might never come to pass. We rate this claim Pants on Fire.  

National,Climate Change,Energy,Jobs,California,Kevin McCarthy

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Maria Bartiromo

2021-03-16 00:00:00

an

The Washington Post was "forced to correct what (Donald Trump) told the secretary of state of Georgia.”

Bill McCarthy

2021-03-17 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/mar/17/maria-bartiromo/maria-bartiromo-conflates-trumps-georgia-calls-pri/

Maria Bartiromo conflates Trump’s Georgia calls in primetime interview

Fox News host Maria Bartiromo conflated the details of two post-election calls former President Donald Trump had with Georgia election officials, wrongly claiming that the Washington Post walked back its reporting on Trump’s call with Georgia Secretary of State Brad Raffensperger. The Washington Post issued a high-profile correction to a Jan. 9 report about another phone call between Trump and a different Georgia official, Frances Watson. But the Post has not changed its reporting on Trump’s Jan. 2 call with Raffensperger, which was backed by audio of the call. As she interviewed Trump on March 16, Bartiromo suggested that the facts surrounding Trump’s hour-long call with Raffensperger were also up in the air. That’s not true. "Let's talk about the Washington Post and what took place yesterday, with the Washington Post being forced to correct what you told the secretary of state of Georgia," Bartiromo said. Watch the latest video at foxnews.com There’s no debate over what Trump told Raffensperger on Jan. 2. The full audio of the call confirmed the Post’s Jan. 3 report describing it. With other people on the line, Trump was recorded pressuring Raffensperger to "find" enough votes to flip the election as he recycled debunked claims about dead and ineligible voters, mystery ballots, rigged machines and other allegations of fraud. "I just want to find 11,780 votes, which is one more than we have. Because we won the state," Trump told Raffensperger, wrongly insisting that he won the swing state. Bartiromo also said in her interview with Trump that the since-corrected report came "right before the Senate race" in Georgia that tipped control of the chamber to the Democrats. That’s also wrong. The report that was recently corrected was published on Jan. 9, days after the state’s Jan. 5 runoff elections. On her show March 17, Bartiromo said during an interview with Sen. Ted Cruz, R-Texas, that she had confused the two calls. "I misspoke last night and said that the call in question was a call between President Trump and the secretary of state of Georgia," Bartiromo said. "No, no, no. It wasn’t. It was President Trump and a Georgia election official." Two officials, two calls, two reports — but only one correction In January, the Washington Post published two major stories about Trump’s efforts to pressure Georgia’s election officials to overturn the state’s results. The separate reports focused on two different phone calls involving two different election officials. The first report, published Jan. 3, detailed Trump’s call with Raffensperger. The Post published the full audio and transcript of that call. Its Jan. 3 story was never corrected. Georgia Secretary of State Brad Raffensperger speaks during a news conference in Atlanta on Nov. 11, 2020. (AP) The second report, published Jan. 9, said Trump had a similar call in December with Watson, Georgia’s chief elections investigator. Citing an anonymous state official, the Post reported that Trump told Watson she should "find the fraud," and that she’d be a "national hero" if she did.  A recording of that call, first reported March 11 by the Wall Street Journal, was later located. The audio reveals that Trump did not urge Watson to "find the fraud."  Rather, the former president is heard telling Watson to uncover the "dishonesty" in signatures on absentee ballots in Fulton County, Georgia, which covers most of Atlanta. He said in the call that "when the right answer comes out, you’ll be praised." In her March 17 follow-up, Bartiromo said the "bigger story" was that the Post reported that Trump told Watson to "find the fraud" when, she argued, he "didn’t say anything at all like that." The Post has since identified the anonymous source who provided the quotes as Jordan Fuchs, Georgia’s deputy secretary of state. Fuchs told Washington Post media columnist Erik Wemple that she believed the report accurately reflected Watson’s interpretation of the call.  "The only mistake here was in the direct quotes, and they should have been more of a summary," Fuchs is quoted as saying in Wemple’s March 16 column. "I think it’s pretty absurd for anybody to suggest that the president wasn’t urging the investigator to ‘find the fraud.’" The Post on March 11 appended a lengthy correction to its original report about Trump’s call with Watson, acknowledging that it had "misquoted Trump’s comments." But in her interview with Trump, Bartiromo muddled the details around that correction, giving the false impression that what we know about Trump’s call with Raffensperger was also discredited. "The Washington Post initially accused you of a crime, based on fabricating quotes, and the rest of the media ran with it," Bartiromo said, before reading from the Post’s correction. "I know you put out a statement about this story, Mr. President. But tell us what your reaction is that the Washington Post had to correct this fake news that they reported that you told the secretary of state of Georgia to find the fraud and find the votes right before the Senate race." Responding to Bartiromo, Trump said the Post’s report "probably affected the Senate race" that sent two Democrats to the Senate — even though the runoff election for those seats took place on Jan. 5, days before the Post published its report on Trump’s call with Watson. Our ruling Bartiromo said that the Washington Post was "forced to correct what (Trump) told the secretary of state of Georgia." That’s inaccurate. The Washington Post issued a correction about a separate report detailing the contents of a different call Trump had with a different Georgia official, Watson. But the newspaper has not changed its reporting on Trump’s Jan. 2 call with Raffensperger, the secretary of state. The report that was corrected came after the Georgia Senate runoffs and therefore had no bearing on the outcome of that election. We rate Bartiromo’s claim False. UPDATE, March 17, 10:35 p.m.: This fact-check was updated to reflect Bartiromo’s comments on March 17 acknowledging that she confused the two calls. Our rating remains the same. RELATED: What Trump told Georgia election officials RELATED: Here’s why Georgia’s Republican officials are confident in their presidential election results RELATED: Donald Trump falsely claims Georgia victory in recorded call RELATED: Trump rehashes debunked claim about ‘suitcases’ of ballots in Georgia phone callTrump rehashes debunked claim about ‘suitcases’ of ballots in Georgia phone call

Georgia,Corrections and Updates,Elections,Pundits,PunditFact,Maria Bartiromo

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Facebook posts

2021-03-13 00:00:00

a text post:

Says Joe Biden is “now saying he inherited ‘a mess’ at the border. Fact: 9,000 illegals all of 2020. So far in 2021 108,000 entered U.S.”

Daniel Funke

2021-03-17 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/mar/17/facebook-posts/facebook-post-misleads-number-border-apprehensions/

Facebook post misleads on number of border apprehensions under Biden, Trump

Displaced by crime, political instability and the COVID-19 pandemic, thousands of migrants from Central America — including unaccompanied children — have arrived at the U.S.-Mexico border over the past few months. Top Republicans in Congress, including House Minority Leader Kevin McCarthy of California, blame the influx on President Joe Biden’s immigration policies. On Facebook, some users have echoed those talking points. "Sleepy Joe now saying he inherited ‘a mess’ at the border," says a March 13 post. "Fact: 9,000 illegals all of 2020. So far in 2021 108,000 entered U.S." The post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.) Similar posts have been shared thousands of times, according to CrowdTangle, a social media insights tool. The Facebook post misattributed the statement —  Biden never said his administration inherited "a mess" at the border from former President Donald Trump. That comment came from Senate Majority Leader Chuck Schumer, D-N.Y. (Screenshot from Facebook) "Let me just say this: Joe Biden inherited a huge mess on immigration, and it’s not going to be cleaned up in a month," Schumer said on a March 11 episode of "The View." Other Democrats have made similar remarks, but not Biden himself. Still, we wanted to take a closer look at the Facebook post’s claim about border crossings under Trump and Biden. The post is wrong — there were far more than 9,000 apprehensions at the southwest border in 2020. The Facebook post doesn’t specify an area of the border or a kind of Border Patrol encounter, so we looked at statistics about apprehensions along the entire southwest border with Mexico.  In March 2020, Trump invoked Title 42, a federal public health law, to allow border officials to quickly expel migrants on the grounds that their entry could contribute to the spread of COVID-19. That means migrants arriving without permission now face either apprehension and removal proceedings, or immediate expulsion.  According to the latest Border Patrol data, there have been 381,636 encounters at the southwest border during the 2021 fiscal year, which started in October. Of those, 64,046 encounters were apprehensions, meaning migrants were taken into custody between ports of entry, and the rest were Title 42 expulsions. In January and February, when Biden was president, there were 172,286 encounters and 39,572 apprehensions. By comparison, there were 400,651 southwest border encounters during the 2020 fiscal year, which spanned from October 2019 to September 2020. Of those, more than 200,000 were apprehensions. It’s important to note that Border Patrol data on encounters refers to events — not people. Homeland Security Secretary Alejandro Mayorkas said in a March 16 statement that officials are seeing a surge in attempted border crossings this year. "This is not new. We have experienced migration surges before — in 2019, 2014, and before then as well," Mayorkas said in the statement. "Since April 2020, the number of encounters at the southwest border has been steadily increasing." The 108,000 figure in the claim appears to stem from something Texas Gov. Greg Abbott said during a March 9 press conference about immigrants entering the country illegally.  "In all of last year, in the Rio Grande Valley Sector there were about 90,000 apprehensions," Abbott said, citing U.S. Customs and Border Protection officials. "Just this year there have been 108,000 apprehensions there." The Rio Grande Valley Sector is a Border Patrol service area that covers more than 34,000 square miles of southeast Texas. There are 19 other sectors on the northern and southern borders that report their own apprehension statistics. We reached out to the Facebook user who shared the post for a comment, but we didn’t hear back. The post is inaccurate. We rate it False. RELATED: Did the increase of children arriving at the border start under Trump or Biden?

Immigration,Facebook Fact-checks,Facebook posts

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Amy Pechacek

2020-12-20 00:00:00

News release:

“We have reached our goal to clear the backlog of (unemployment) claims.”

Laura Schulte

2021-03-17 00:00:00

half-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/mar/17/amy-pechacek/wisconsin-cleared-one-backlog-unemployment-claims-/

Wisconsin cleared one backlog of unemployment claims in late 2020, but other backlogs exist

Over the past year, since the coronavirus pandemic began, Wisconsin’s unemployment system has faced a host of issues.  Flooded with applications as stores, restaurants and other businesses shut down or closed entirely, the state Department of Workforce Development struggled to keep up with claims.  The situation was complicated by an outdated computer system, one that had to be reprogrammed to accommodate unique elements of the pandemic response, such as bonus payments from the federal government. Employees were transferred from other departments to help with the influx of claims, and new employees were hired to answer the phones and adjudicate cases. Still, by mid-summer more than 100,000 claims were waiting for adjudication, leaving thousands of Wisconsinites struggling to buy food and pay rent. (In many cases, one person had multiple weekly claims awaiting review and approval). In September, Gov. Tony Evers asked the head of the department to resign. The new head, Amy Pechacek, launched a partnership with Google and on Dec. 30, 2020 -- in her first news release as secretary-designee of the department -- declared: "Since the start of the pandemic, our top priority at DWD has been ensuring that all eligible unemployment claims in Wisconsin are paid as quickly as possible. Today, I am proud to say we have reached our goal to clear the backlog of claims." Now, typically we don’t examine claims that are more than two months old. And we won’t blame a backlog for our tardiness. Rather, we’ll note that this is a good point -- one year since the pandemic began -- to examine where the backlog issue stands. Of course, we’ll examine things as they stood when the claim was made. That said, many things remain the same as they did at the close of 2020 when the backlog was declared eliminated. So, was Pechacek right?  Backlog of claims older than 21 days cleared, but not appeals When asked about the clearing of the backlog, department spokesperson Amy Barrilleaux told PolitiFact Wisconsin that it was absolutely cleared by Dec. 30, 2020.  All claims 21 days or older, she said, had been assigned to an adjudicator at that point, which in the eyes of the U.S. Department of Labor means the claim has been processed.  But even though all the claims had been assigned to adjudicators, unemployed Wisconsinites still had to wait for their claims to be resolved, which can take days or weeks, depending on the complexity of the claim -- a point Barrilleaux acknowledged.  At the time the department announced the end of the backlog, there were 9,000 claims assigned for adjudication, going to about 500 adjudicators, according to a Dec. 30, 2020 Milwaukee Journal Sentinel report.  Asked if any outstanding claims from 2020 are still in adjudication, Barrilleaux would not say, but she noted no claims from 2020 are awaiting assignment to an adjudicator.  At this stage in 2021, there are roughly 2,100 claims awaiting adjudication, and on average claims are being assigned to an adjudicator after 7.4 days, far less than the 21 days considered standard for non-pandemic years.  So, while the state touted the backlog was eliminated, it didn’t mean everyone had their case resolved. Similarly, a backlog of appeals was not cleared up. When an unemployment claim is denied, the applicant can seek an appeal hearing, in which the claimant and former employer go before an administrative law judge.  According to another Dec. 30, 2020 report from the Milwaukee Journal Sentinel, Pechacek acknowledged the backlog, and said the department was working to hire more administrative law judges to manage the load of appeals. At that time, Pechacek estimated about 15,000 appeals were awaiting assignment to a judge, a number she said was too high.  But since then, the number of appeals awaiting assignment has continued to grow, not shrink.  As of Feb. 20, 2021, more than 16,117 appeals were still pending, according to the department website.  Barrilleaux said that the backlog of appeals is mostly caused by a lack of judges and the historic volume of appeals. About 50,000 people filed an appeal in 2020, and 30,972 of those cases had moved through the appeals process as of January, Barrilleaux said.  The department is currently hearing appeals from September.    Our ruling At the end of December, Pechacek said the state had eliminated its backlog of unemployment claims. That was accurate, at least by the measure used by the Department of Labor. But on a practical level, that didn’t mean that the cases had all been resolved. To the contrary, many cases had simply been assigned to an adjudicator at that point, and were awaiting a final decision. And a high volume of appeals meant a delay at that stage as well. Our definition of Half True is "The statement is partially accurate but leaves out important details or takes things out of context." That fits here.  

Economy,Jobs,States,Workers,Wisconsin,Amy Pechacek

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Facebook posts

2021-03-10 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

Diesel prices jumped from $1.69 to $3.19 since Biden took office, and the president is to blame.

Eric Litke

2021-03-17 00:00:00

pants-fire

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/mar/17/facebook-posts/biden-not-blame-rising-diesel-or-gas-prices/

Biden not to blame for rising diesel (or gas) prices

A new party in the White House means it’s time for a time-honored American tradition — the blame game. Anything wrong in the world is now the fault of the two-month old administration. Or the fault of the prior administration, depending on your political persuasion. With gas prices on the move, this exercise is in full effect on social media. That includes a widely-shared March 10, 2021 Facebook post. "When Sleepy Joe Came In Diesel Was $1.69," it reads. "Today Diesel Is $3.19. Thanks To All That Voted For This Clown." This post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook). This poster gets it wrong on both the specifics and the blame. Here’s why. Wrong numbers Diesel prices are indeed up. The March 15 national average of $3.07 was the highest since June 2019. But the numbers in the post are way off the mark. The national average price for diesel was $2.64 per gallon on Jan. 20 when President Joe Biden, a Democrat, took the oath of office, according to GasBuddy.com price trackers. That’s almost a dollar higher than the post claims. Meanwhile, the March 10 national average was $3.04, less than the post claimed. So, there was an increase, but a far smaller one. Weekly price data from the U.S. Energy Information Administration shows similar movement, from $2.70 to $3.14 based on the weeks closest to those points in time. In Wisconsin, meanwhile, diesel rose from $2.50 to $2.90 between January 20 and March 10, according to GasBuddy. The poster did not respond to a message from PolitiFact Wisconsin seeking evidence of his claim. He lives in Iowa, according to his profile, but using local numbers doesn’t help his case much. GasBuddy shows prices in Des Moines rose over that span from $2.45 to $3.00 per gallon, a slightly larger jump, but still far from the post’s claim. Biden not to blame for spikes The post — like many others pointing a finger at Biden over prices at the pump — is also wrong on the fundamental blame element. The price movement we’re seeing now on both diesel and gas isn’t related to Biden’s policy changes, experts say. For starters, the trend predates Biden. Diesel prices have steadily risen since the start of November, when Republican President Donald Trump was in office. And Biden’s policies aren’t having any immediate impact. Biden shut down the planned Keystone XL pipeline expansion, which was to run from Canada to Nebraska. Experts consulted by PolitiFact said that decision could make oil transportation less efficient longterm, but even then they doubted it would directly affect US costs. Reuters reports existing pipelines and ongoing expansions are expected to be sufficient for the flow between the U.S. and Canada, which provides about half of America’s imported oil. The president also imposed a 60-day ban on new fracking permits, but that doesn’t affect existing operations. Oil producers weren’t likely to be pursuing new locations now anyhow since they’re scrambling to bring back online production that was scaled back in 2020, experts say. In reality, diesel and gas prices — like many things in 2021 — are all about the pandemic. The reduction of economic activity, and people traveling and moving around less, reduced demand for diesel and gas both in 2020, causing a related drop in oil production amid steep financial losses in the oil industry. The Energy Information Administration, an independent government agency that provides analysis for policymakers and the public, said demand for diesel fell 8% in 2020, while demand for gas dropped by 13%. Demand is now rising quickly as the COVID-19 picture improves and the economy rebounds, but it takes time to get the supply back to normal. The Energy Information Administration says crude oil production in the U.S. was down in 2020 and will drop again in 2021 "as a result of a decline in drilling activity related to low oil prices." It projects an increase in 2022. "We’re headed for higher (price) territory until the market sees more crude oil, whether that’s supplied from the U.S. or Canadian interests or OPEC," said Patrick De Haan, head of petroleum analysis for GasBuddy.com. "We are in a pretty significant imbalance. Demand has screamed higher, and production has been moving at a turtle’s pace, and part of that is because the depths of the crisis were so severe for oil companies." Energy and security analyst Patricia Schouker described the same dynamic to AFP, a France-based global news agency, saying recovering demand and limited production has "pushed crude prices to their highest levels since near the start of the coronavirus pandemic." Outside of market-altering events like the pandemic, prices of both fuels are driven primarily by the cost of crude oil, which is in turn driven by an array of world economic conditions that influence supply and demand. As Schouker noted, presidents have "‘very little direct influence" over gas and diesel prices.  De Haan said the irony of blaming Biden is that the increasing demand is related to the growing economy. So the people prone to wrongly blame Biden for gas prices would also be slow to credit him for the economy, even though those are two sides of the same coin. Our ruling A Facebook post claims Diesel prices have risen from $1.69 to $3.19 since Biden took office, blaming him for that jump. The numbers aren’t close to right — the actual increase was more like 40 cents, not $1.50. The blame element is equally off base. Diesel (and gas) prices are rising due to swelling demand as movement and economic activity increase amid the coronavirus recovery. Expert say it could take until 2022 for oil production to return to pre-pandemic levels, causing a shortage in the meantime that will drive prices up. We rate this claim Pants on Fire.

Energy,Gas Prices,Wisconsin,Coronavirus,Facebook posts

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67553, 389, 6785, 2055]

Veronica Escobar

2021-03-14 00:00:00

a CNN

"We saw the increases (of unaccompanied minors at the southern U.S. border) dating back almost a year."

Miriam Valverde

2021-03-17 00:00:00

mostly-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/mar/17/veronica-escobar/did-increase-children-arriving-border-start-under-/

Did the increase of children arriving at the border start under Trump or Biden?

The rising numbers of children arriving alone at the southern border pose "an enormous challenge," but President Joe Biden’s election isn’t what triggered the surge, said U.S. Rep. Veronica Escobar, D-Texas. What’s happening at the border is "the consequence of four years of dismantling every system in place to address this with humanity and compassion," Escobar told Jake Tapper, co-host of CNN’s State of the Union on March 14. She added: "I do want to also point out, Jake, that we began seeing the increase in unaccompanied minors going back to last April 2020. This is not something that happened as a result of Joe Biden becoming president. We saw the increases dating back almost a year. And this was during the Trump administration." Rep. Veronica Escobar says an influx of migrants at the US-Mexico border is “an enormous challenge and it’s unacceptable.”“What we are seeing today is the consequence of four years of dismantling every system in place to address this with humanity and compassion.” #CNNSOTU pic.twitter.com/HtPRCmIHmP— State of the Union (@CNNSotu) March 14, 2021 Is Escobar right that the rise started under the Trump administration? Yes, the increase did start about a year ago. At this point though, there’s not enough data to measure to what extent Biden’s election has influenced migration. Border officials publish migration data by month, not day. So far, February is the only full month Biden has been in office. Arrivals started increasing under Trump, data show Escobar is correct that arrivals at the southern border began increasing almost a year ago, before Biden was elected president. But the arrival of unaccompanied children increased sharply since January. Border Patrol’s "encounters" count includes people who are taken into the custody of agents between ports of entry and people who are quickly expelled from trying to enter the country under a public health rule launched in March 2020. Data shows that Border Patrol encounters went down in April 2020 compared with March 2020, but picked up in May 2020. The numbers have generally been increasing since then, for all migrants and for unaccompanied minors. (There was a slight decrease from October to November in the encounters of unaccompanied children.) Border Patrol data tracks events, not people. If a person tries to cross the border three times in a one month and is expelled each time, Border Patrol records three expulsions, for instance. Factors fueling migration About three weeks into Biden’s administration, U.S. Customs and Border Protection released January data which showed a continued increase in attempted monthly border crossings. "The uptick seems to be occurring in a small fraction of locations across the southwest border, which is consistent with trends in years past," said Troy Miller, a CBP senior official performing the duties of the commissioner. The agency tied the increase to several factors, including crime and instability in migrants’ home countries and "inaccurate perceptions" of changes in immigration and border policies. Smugglers have taken advantage of Biden’s election, said David Bier, an immigration policy analyst at the Cato Institute, a libertarian think tank. "Some migrants do believe that Biden will be more favorable to them, that's largely based on the smugglers' misinformation and propaganda and a very small slice of truth," Bier said. But Bier maintained that if Donald Trump had won re-election, these smugglers would have changed their sales pitch, promoting tunnels and other ways to get into the United States. White House officials have acknowledged that despite their message that the border is closed, smugglers are telling people a different story. "When we talk about the border not being open and the ways in which we’re trying to dissuade people from making that dangerous journeys, the smugglers are conveying exactly the opposite to people," said Roberta S. Jacobson, who oversees border issues in the Biden administration, March 10. The arrival of unaccompanied children is something that seems to ebb and flow, regardless of who is president, said Tony Payan, director of the Center for the United States and Mexico at Rice University’s Baker Institute for Public Policy. Payan said it’s too early to tell if Biden’s policies are what’s driving an increase in recent arrivals, because other factors that prompt migration still exist. More people tend to come in the spring and the summer. And high poverty and crime in Central America — factors that push people out of their countries — have not changed, he said. Some Trump policies spurred the arrival of unaccompanied children, Bier said. Under the Trump-era Remain in Mexico program, families who asked for asylum in the United States were sent to Mexico to wait there as their cases moved through the system. It can take months or years for U.S. authorities to process asylum claims, so many migrants set up makeshift tents in border towns to wait. Unaccompanied children were generally not turned away under the program. So when families realized they could "face months or years of homelessness in very dangerous cities in Mexico, many parents and their kids decided to separate," Bier wrote in a blog post. Also, when the Trump administration began expelling migrants under the public health rule, it applied to single travelers, unaccompanied children and families. But a federal judge in November ordered the Trump administration to stop expelling unaccompanied children. As a result of that court ruling, Bier said, many parents who were once expelled along with their children decided to send their kids back to the United States alone so they'd be let in. But Biden is the one setting policy now "and his policies are partly contributing to what's happening at the border," Bier said. For example, an appeals court in January said that the federal government could resume expelling unaccompanied children. Yet, the Biden administration continues to accept unaccompanied children, Bier said. Biden’s administration also has started letting in asylum seekers who were waiting in Mexico and stopped enrolling people in the Remain in Mexico program. "There is a risk that more migrants, especially those faced with the harshest push factors, may think that there is a greater chance to get into the U.S. now that asylum seekers are being processed inside the U.S.," Payan said. Our ruling Escobar said of unaccompanied minors at the southern border, "We saw the increases dating back almost a year." It is true that the rise started in spring 2020 during the Trump administration. But it’s also worth noting that there was a sharp increase this year from January to February. Biden’s election and misleading messaging from smugglers may have influenced some people to migrate to the U.S. More data in coming months will help better gauge the impact his election and policies have on migration. Escobar’s statement is accurate but needs clarification or additional information. We rate it Mostly True.

Immigration,Homeland Security,Veronica Escobar

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Thom Tillis

2021-03-10 00:00:00

a committee meet

Says a lack of transparency for small-dollar donations is the “same thing” as dark money

Paul Specht

2021-03-16 00:00:00

barely-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/mar/17/thom-tillis/experts-tillis-wrong-compare-small-dollar-donation/

Experts: Tillis 'wrong' to compare small-dollar donations with 'dark money'

North Carolina’s junior senator made national headlines this week for suggesting that different types of campaign donations have the same level of influence over elections. Republican Thom Tillis offered comments during a March 10 committee meeting on the influence of money in federal judicial races, The Hill reported.  Tillis noted that while donors who give large amounts to certain political committees have their identities concealed, so do people who donate small amounts to candidates. Video of the full meeting is on C-SPAN’s website. (Tillis starts talking around the one hour and 25-minute mark.)  Here’s part of what he said. "We’re talking about dark money ... In the weekend after the untimely death of Justice Ginsburg, my opponent through his campaign account raised $6 million over 48 hours. And that comes from a new tool that we have which I’ll call ‘Dem-money.’ That’s aggregation tools that give $50, $200, $250 below any sort of reporting limit that are doing the same thing. I don’t hear anybody on the Democrats’ side saying they want to get rid of those tools. So they’re not suggesting a disarmament of both sides. They’ve simply found another way to do exactly the same thing: people providing money to candidates and influencing elections." Is it true that small, aggregated donations are "exactly the same" as big dark money donations? Experts say this is an oversimplification. Tillis is incorrect in saying the identities of people making small donations are kept secret. It’s also a stretch to suggest a small-dollar donor can influence elections and candidates in the same way that a large, dark-money donor can. "They’re as far apart as they can be within the same category. It’s less apples and oranges and more oranges and kumquats," said Brendan Quinn, outreach and social media manager for the nonprofit Center for Responsive Politics, which tracks election spending. Comparing anonymous donations Tillis has a point in one regard. There are some types of political donations for which laws don’t require the identity of the donor to be disclosed. Here’s an explanation. Donations to certain groups: The term "dark money" typically refers to political spending where the source of funds is unknown. Typically this spending is done by 501(c) nonprofits. Laws don’t require these groups to disclose the names of their donors, and there’s often no limit to how much a donor can give. Some of the biggest spending by these groups happens through donations to super PACs, which operate as independent expenditure-only committees and are not allowed to directly coordinate with candidates they support. While super PACs are required to disclose their donors, some nonprofits and shell companies can legally give unlimited amounts of money to those super PACs without having to tell the public where those funds came from. The Center for Responsive Politics (CRP) reports that dark money accounted for $750 million in spending during the 2020 election. Meanwhile, fully transparent donations accounted for only 30% of all outside spending, which the center says is an all-time low. Donations to candidates: Candidates are required to disclose the identity of most of their donors. This includes people or businesses that donate things besides money, such as food or event venues.  However, federal and state laws don’t require the same level of transparency for the smallest donations. At the federal level, candidates for Congress and the presidency are required to disclose the names of people who donate $200 or more. At the state level, rules for donation disclosures vary.  Small-donor disclosure laws for each state are available on a map created by The National Institute for Money in Politics, a nonprofit group advocating for election transparency. Florida and Michigan have the strictest laws, requiring disclosures for donations of any size. North Carolina is also on the stricter end of the spectrum, requiring candidates to disclose donations of more than $50. New Jersey and Nebraska have looser rules, requiring information only on those who donate more than $300 or $250, respectively. Donations to intermediaries: Here’s something Tillis overlooked in his comments. While candidates aren’t required to report the identities of small-dollar donors, groups that process those donations are required to report them.  If you donate $20 to a candidate, that candidate may not disclose your name or address in his campaign finance reports. However, if that candidate uses an "intermediary or conduit" to collect donations, that company will list your name in its report. Popular intermediaries are ActBlue for Democrats and WinRed for Republicans. (Tillis was likely referring to ActBlue when he mentioned "Dem-money.") While each group is classified as a political action committee by the Federal Election Commission, they have other accounts that serve only to facilitate donations.  In other words, ActBlue and WinRed are middle-man platforms that provide a service like PayPal does for online purchases. Some pundits and politicians have gotten these facts wrong. Exactly ‘the same?’ When it comes to small-dollar donations, experts told PolitiFact that Tillis’s statement is wrong on at least two fronts.  1. It’s inaccurate for Tillis to suggest the identities of small-time donors remain hidden. While candidates don’t reveal those donors’ names, their processing companies do.  For a look at how these donations are reported, check out this 2020 report from presidential candidate Bernie Sanders or this report for Democrat Cal Cunningham, who Tillis mentioned in his speech. Donations made through ActBlue will show up on two lines of the report. On one line, the report lists the donor’s name and contribution. On the line below that, the report shows ActBlue’s name, its status as a "conduit," and then the disclaimer: "Above Contribution earmarked through this organization." "Contributions from small donors through the ActBlue and WinRed platforms are not the same thing as 'dark money,' in that they are disclosed by those platforms regardless of how small by law," said Pete Quist, research director for the National Institute on Money in Politics. ActBlue includes that disclaimer on its website. "Sen. Tillis is wrong," said Michael J. Malbin, professor of political science at the Rockefeller College of Public Affairs and Policy. "His statement that candidates do not have to disclose their donors until they give an aggregate of more than $200 is correct, but ActBlue itself discloses all of the contributions for which it is the conduit -- no matter how small."  2. Experts say it’s also misleading to equate the influence of small donations and big anonymous donations.  Tillis’ statement "is wrong on a general level because small money donors aren’t really buying influence," said Brendan Fischer, director of the Campaign Legal Center’s federal reform program. No donor who gives $25 or $75 to a candidate is going to get special attention from that candidate. But a "dark money" advertising push worth millions is inevitably going to attract attention, even if the donor’s identity isn’t disclosed. A 2014 study by researchers at Ohio State University’s College of Law found that, even if candidates didn’t always agree with the position of corporations that fund dark money political groups, candidates were keenly aware of the group’s spending and presence in the political landscape. "Members of Congress see independent spending as a threat – usually implicit but sometimes explicit – for those who refuse to toe the line of outside groups," the Ohio State researchers wrote in their executive summary. Other issues with framing The scale of the spending is different, too. Small donations accounted for 26% of all donations in the 2020 federal elections, according to a joint study by the Center for Responsive Politics and the National Institute on Money in Politics.  While small donations to federal candidates increased, donations to state-level candidates remained relatively flat. Small donations in gubernatorial contests, for example, accounted for 11% of donations, down from 16% in 2012. When it comes to these small-dollar donations, Tillis at one point said liberals are raising "10 to 20 fold what conservative candidates do." Experts say it’s also misleading for Tillis to suggest that Democrats dominate small-dollar donations or that Republicans have an advantage on large-dollar dark money donations.  In the 2020 election, the CRP found that Republican candidates for House received a higher percentage of small-dollar donations than Democratic candidates did. Meanwhile, the center also found that liberals benefited more from dark money than conservatives. Tillis’ office didn’t respond to emails from PolitiFact asking for further explanation of his March 10 comments.  Our ruling While talking about dark money, Tillis said small donations through aggregation tools are the "same thing" as anonymous donations to political groups. This is misleading. While it’s true that some types of political donations aren’t reported, it’s inaccurate to say the names of people who donate through aggregators -- a type of donation that Tillis specifically mentioned -- aren’t reported. They are. Beyond that, experts say it’s wrong to compare the influence of a small donor with those of deep-pocketed outside interests, since the scale of the latter’s donations will carry far more weight with the candidate. Tillis’ statement contains an element of truth but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. We rate it Mostly False.

Campaign Finance,Elections,North Carolina,Thom Tillis

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Facebook posts

2021-03-15 00:00:00

a post:

Says “Fallon (Fox), a transgender MMA fighter, has now broken 2 female opponents’ skulls,” and shows a photo of Fox alongside an MMA fighter with a severely bloodied face.

Monique Curet

2021-03-16 00:00:00

barely-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/mar/16/facebook-posts/social-media-posts-mislead-about-transgender-mma-f/

Social media posts mislead about transgender MMA fighter’s injuries to opponents

With federal efforts underway to expand transgender rights, claims about transgender people have been rampant, and participation in sports is one particular area of focus.  One claim making the rounds on social media takes aim at retired transgender MMA fighter Fallon Fox, whose last bout was in 2014. The Facebook post says, "Fallon (Fox), a transgender MMA fighter, has now broken 2 female opponents’ skulls," and shows a photo of Fox alongside an MMA fighter with a severely bloodied face. The post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.) During her two-year MMA career, Fox had one bout that resulted in facial injuries to her opponent — which is not uncommon in MMA — but the Facebook post gets most details wrong. Fox did not break two people’s skulls. And she did not cause the injuries of or ever fight the bloodied person pictured in the post. Fox is a transgender woman whose sex at birth was male; she underwent gender reassignment surgery in 2006. When she went public with her story in 2013, she became the first openly transgender woman athlete to compete in MMA.  The Facebook post implies that because Fox’s sex at birth was male, she maintains a physical advantage over her opponents and, as a result, is causing serious injuries. But a study in the Journal of Sports Science & Medicine found that MMA fights have an overall high rate of injury, and that the majority of recorded injuries were to the face.  During a 2014 fight, Fox defeated Tamikka Brents by knockout. One report at the time from a news outlet that covers MMA said that Brents had a concussion, broken orbital bone and required seven staples in her head.  Fox has commented on her bout against Brents several times on Twitter.  In June 2020, when someone accused her of smashing two women’s skulls open, Fox tweeted, "For the record, I knocked two out. One woman’s skull was fractured, the other not. And just so you know, I enjoyed it."  In October 2020, replying to a tweet that has since been deleted, Fox tweeted, "I fractured Tamikka Brents skull. And other women have done the same in the sport. You try to make it seem as if I’m the only one who could do that. Why?"  Then, in February 2021, Fox described Brents’ injuries in different terms. Responding to a claim that seems to mirror the one we are checking, Fox tweeted, "The rumor’s kinda based on another fight where I fractured opponent Tamikka Brents orbital bone years ago. They said I ‘broke her skull.’ As if it split in half & she died. Now there’s rumors that I broke 2 women’s skulls. Never broken anyone’s skull. It’s an orbital fracture!" In the Facebook post about Fox, the photo that accompanies the claim juxtaposes images of a bloodied fighter and Fox giving thumbs-up signs. The bloodied person pictured is Kay Hansen, who started fighting in MMA bouts in 2017, three years after Fox’s last bout.  The fight that caused those injuries to Hansen took place in March 2018 against Kal Schwartz, and a media report at the time said that Schwartz "paint(ed) her opponent red" when blood poured out of a wound.  Fox addressed the photo in a series of tweets last month, saying, "So tired of the fake news circulating that I broke this woman’s skull. The upper photo is fake. ...It was Kal Schwartz — a cis woman — who caused the damage to opponent Kay Hansen that I’m being blamed for!" Our ruling A Facebook post says, "Fallon (Fox), a transgender MMA fighter, has now broken 2 female opponents’ skulls," and shows a photo of Fox alongside an MMA fighter with a severely bloodied face. Fox fractured one opponent’s orbital bone; she did not break two people’s skulls. The photo that juxtaposes Fox with bloodied MMA fighter Kay Hansen is misleading and inaccurate. Hansen’s injuries were sustained in a 2018 fight with Kal Schwartz, and the fight took place years after Fox’s last MMA bout. The claim contains an element of truth because one person sustained a head injury in a fight with Fox, but it ignores critical facts that would give a different impression and includes a photo that has no association with Fox. We rate this claim Mostly False. 

Sports,Facebook Fact-checks,Facebook posts

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Roy Blunt

2021-02-25 00:00:00

a tweet:

Says his amendment on a budget bill “would have helped get kids back in school after teachers were vaccinated. Every single Senate Democrat voted against it.”

William Skipworth

2021-03-10 00:00:00

half-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/mar/10/roy-blunt/blunts-proposal-reopen-schools-relied-withholding-/

Blunt’s proposal to reopen schools relied on withholding funds to force compliance

Republican Sen. Roy Blunt of Missouri took to Twitter to express his frustration with Senate Democrats who voted against his budget amendment last month. The amendment sought to reopen in-person schooling after the coronavirus pandemic shuttered it last year. "I recently offered an amendment to the budget bill that would have helped get kids back in school after teachers were vaccinated," the Feb. 25 tweet read. "Every single Senate Democrat voted against it." The reason they voted against it, he said, was political. "It's very clear this isn’t about safety or science. It’s pure politics & kids are paying the price," the tweet read. Blunt joined South Carolina Sen. Tim Scott on the budget amendment. The congressional record shows that Democrats uniformly panned it.  Blunt’s tweet doesn’t say whether Democrats had another plan to help schools. They did. So, what was in the proposal that made so many Democrats say no? Was it pure politics?  The answer may lie in the carrot versus the stick.   Withholding money to schools  Blunt’s amendment centered on penalties rather than straight aid that Democrats proposed. His proposal would have allowed Congress to limit or withhold COVID-19-related emergency relief to K-12 schools that did not reopen for in-person learning after their teachers received vaccinations. Sen. Patty Murray, D-Wash., the assistant majority leader, said Democrats voted against it because they objected to a punitive approach. "This amendment would’ve prohibited schools from getting critical resources to implement public health protocols," Murray’s office said in a statement to PolitiFact Missouri. "And as a result, this amendment would’ve made it that much harder for schools to re-open for in-person instruction. The best way to ensure our schools can safely reopen as soon as possible is to get schools the resources they need, not to impose one-size-fits-all mandates from Washington on them." Murray’s team also said that vaccines are just one piece of safely returning to in-person learning. "Safely reopening schools also means providing schools with the resources they need to implement public health protocols including effective physical distancing, consistent mask-wearing, ventilation, COVID-19 testing, contact tracing, and more," the statement said. The bill passed by the Senate last week included those resources in the $1.9 trillion COVID-19 relief bill. The bill allocates $128 billion for primary and secondary schools, including money to support remedial instruction over time. Just 5% of the money for local schools comes in fiscal year 2021. Blunt’s team pointed us to his most recent remarks on the matter. In these remarks, Blunt emphasized the importance of getting kids back in school. Our ruling Blunt said that he "offered an amendment to the budget bill that would have helped get kids back in school after teachers were vaccinated" and that "every single Senate Democrat voted against it." This leaves out an important detail: The amendment threatened to withhold relief funding from schools that didn’t reopen in-person learning.  Blunt framed Democrats’ opposition to his amendment in narrow terms, making it appear as though they opposed getting kids back in school when they really opposed his punitive approach. The COVID-19 relief bill that Democrats passed included funding to help schools. We rate this statement Half True. 

Education,Federal Budget,Missouri,Coronavirus,Roy Blunt

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Facebook posts

2021-03-07 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

Says Joe Biden executive orders caused price increases of 50 cents in gas and 10% in food.

Tom Kertscher

2021-03-10 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/mar/10/facebook-posts/no-price-gas-isnt-50-cents-price-food-isnt-10-unde/

No, the price of gas isn’t up 50 cents, price of food isn’t up 10% under Biden

Are President Joe Biden’s executive orders so powerful that, in the less than two months he’s held office, they have spiked the price of gasoline by 50 cents and the price of food by 10%? That’s the claim of a post widely shared by musician Ted Nugent and others on Facebook.  It says: "When executive orders cause gas to go up 50 cents a gallon and food costs to increase 10%, you just taxed the middle class."      The post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.) Biden began issuing executive orders on Jan. 20, the day of his inauguration. The claim we’re checking was posted March 7. Let’s see what’s happened in between. Gas up 34 cents; orders not a factor  Since bottoming out at $1.87 a gallon in late April 2020, gas prices have mostly been going up. The bulk of the increase came under President Donald Trump, with prices continuing to rise under Biden.  Nationally, the average price of a gallon of gas was $2.46 on Jan. 18, the final weekly tally before Biden took office. It rose to $2.80 on March 1, the latest weekly tally before the Facebook post, according to the U.S. Energy Administration. That’s an increase of 34 cents under Biden. The prices were similar at GasBuddy.com: $2.41 on Jan. 19 and $2.77 on March 7 — an increase of 36 cents. Some critics have said that Biden’s cancellation of the Keystone XL pipeline with one executive order would quickly result in higher gasoline prices. But we previously found that, for several reasons, that’s not the case. For starters, the pipeline wasn’t operating yet, so canceling it didn’t change the balance of supply and demand.  In the same executive order, Biden placed a moratorium on oil and gas leasing in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge in Alaska. But Patrick De Haan, head of petroleum analysis for GasBuddy.com, said that action has not affected current gas prices either, because current oil supplies are not affected. The order could, however, have an impact on gas prices in a few years, he said. In general, a president has limited control over the weekly and monthly shifts in gasoline prices. Gas prices depend mostly on global supply and demand.  The OPEC oil cartel and Russia have made voluntary production cuts, which has the effect of raising prices. A greater impact has been made on prices by demand, as a result of the slow but steady economic recovery from the coronavirus pandemic. Food price increases well below 10% We find no evidence that food prices have risen 10%. The price of "food at home" (purchased from grocery stores or other food stores) rose 0.3% in February 2021 after dropping 0.1% in January, according to the latest figures from the federal government’s Consumer Price Index, released March 10. The price was 3.5% higher in February 2021 than it was over the previous 12 months. It’s not clear what Biden executive orders the post is suggesting could have affected food prices. An executive order signed Jan. 22 asked the Department of Agriculture to consider expanding and extending federal nutrition assistance programs. "It's hard to see which orders would have had any impact on food prices," said economics and law professor Alan Auerbach, director of the Center for Tax Policy and Public Finance at the University of California, Berkeley. Our ruling A Facebook post claims that Biden executive orders caused price increases of 50 cents per gallon in gas and 10% in food in the less than two months since he took office. The average price of gas is about 34 cents per gallon higher since Biden took office, not 50 cents. Experts say Biden’s orders on the Keystone pipeline and oil and gas leasing might affect future gas prices, but have no effect on current prices. Grocery store prices are 3.5% higher than they were one year ago and have risen less than 1% in 2021. That’s far short of 10%. We rate the post False.

Food,Gas Prices,Government Regulation,Facebook Fact-checks,Facebook posts

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Viral image

2021-03-03 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

“Schools banning Dr. Seuss books.”

Ciara O'Rourke

2021-03-10 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/mar/10/viral-image/no-schools-arent-banning-seuss-books/

No, schools aren’t banning Seuss books

A transphobic post being shared on social media uses an image of Rachel Levine, a transgender woman President Joe Biden tapped to be assistant secretary of health, to spread false information about Dr. Seuss books. "Schools banning Dr. Seuss books," the post says, "but teaching our children that this is normal."  This post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.) Since Dr. Seuss Enterprises announced on March 2 that it would stop publishing and licensing six Dr. Seuss books that have been criticized for how they depict Black and Asian people, misinformation about so-called "cancel culture" has spread online.  President Joe Biden had nothing to do with the decision, as some people have claimed. We also didn’t find evidence of schools banning books by the children’s author, as this Facebook post claims.  Dr. Seuss Enterprises announced that it made the decision last year to stop publishing and licensing six books — "And to Think That I Saw It on Mulberry Street," "If I Ran the Zoo," "McElligot’s Pool," "On Beyond Zebra!," "Scrambled Eggs Super!" and "The Cat’s Quizzer" — after consulting with a panel of experts that included educators. About three dozen other Seuss titles, such as "The Cat in the Hat," "Green Eggs and Ham," and "The Lorax," are not being pulled from the market. The day that Dr. Seuss Enterprises made its announcement was also the author’s birthday and National Read Across America Day, which was established by the National Education Association in 1998 to encourage children and teenagers to read. Schools nationwide have held read-aloud events featuring Dr. Seuss books and characters, but in 2017, NEA said it would start refocusing its literacy program on more diverse children’s books.  "Kids need books that are as diverse and complex as the society in which we live," an NEA spokesperson told PolitiFact. The post that’s being shared on social media doesn’t identify which schools are supposedly banning Dr. Seuss. But one school district dominated search results when we went looking for evidence: Loudoun County Public Schools in Virginia, which was the subject of recent headlines about canceling Dr. Seuss. The Loudoun district has followed the NEA’s lead and advised schools not to tie Read Across America Day to Dr. Seuss’ birthday, according to the school district.  However, contrary to social media posts and some reports, "Dr. Seuss books have not been banned in Loudoun County Schools," the district said in a statement.  "Research in recent years has revealed strong racial undertones in many books written/illustrated by Dr. Seuss," the statement said. "Examples include anti-Japanese American political cartoons and cartoons depicting African Americans for sale captioned with offensive language. Given this research, and LCPS’ focus on equity and culturally responsive instruction, LCPS provided this guidance to schools during the past couple of years to not connect Read Across America Day exclusively with Dr. Seuss’ birthday." Still, Dr. Seuss books "are available to students in our libraries and classrooms," the statement said. Loudoun County Public Schools hasn’t banned Dr. Seuss books, and we didn’t find evidence that other schools have either. We rate this Facebook post False.  

Education,Facebook Fact-checks,Viral image

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Tom Cotton

2021-03-06 00:00:00

a tweet:

“Senate Democrats just voted to give stimulus checks to criminals in prison.”

Jon Greenberg

2021-03-09 00:00:00

mostly-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/mar/09/tom-cotton/yes-democrats-voted-send-stimulus-checks-prisoners/

Yes, Democrats voted to send stimulus checks to prisoners, as Republicans did last year

In the long hours of debate before Senate Democrats passed their sweeping COVID-19 relief package, Republicans offered amendments designed to put Democrats on record on very particular policy points. Sens. Tom Cotton, R-Ark., and Bill Cassidy, R-La., put forward one that would prevent $1,400 stimulus checks from going to prisoners. The amendment failed on a party-line vote. Cotton tweeted that this was another example of spending tucked in the bill that had nothing to do with pandemic. "Senate Democrats just voted to give stimulus checks to criminals in prison," he tweeted March 6. "They haven’t lost their jobs, they aren’t worried about paying rent or buying groceries." Senate Democrats just voted to give stimulus checks to criminals in prison. They haven’t lost their jobs, they aren’t worried about paying rent or buying groceries. Another example of the unrelated spending in the Democrats’ partisan slush fund.— Tom Cotton (@SenTomCotton) March 6, 2021 Cotton repeated his point March 8 on Fox News, saying "every single Democrat" wanted to send checks to prisoners — invoking Boston Marathon bomber Dzhokhar Tsarnaev and Charleston, S.C., church shooter Dylann Roof. The record shows that Democrats rejected the amendment to prevent payments to prisoners. Sen. Dick Durbin, D-Ill., said it would harm prisoners’ families. "Given the stark racial disparities in our criminal justice system, this would cause the most harm to Black and brown families and communities already harmed by mass incarceration," Durbin said on the Senate floor. "Children should not be forced to go hungry because a parent is incarcerated." Prisoners qualify for stimulus payments because of broad eligibility requirements in this relief bill — and others. Prisoners must be a citizen or legal resident, and either need to have filed a tax return, possibly as part of a joint filing, or complete an Internal Revenue Service form requesting payment.  It’s worth noting that the two previous rounds of stimulus checks during the Trump administration — in the CARES Act in March, and the supplemental package in December — allowed prisoners to receive checks, too. Cotton voted for both of those bills. His press secretary James Arnold said circumstances were different. In the CARES Act, the issue was "an unanticipated problem," and in December, there was no opportunity to amend the bill. The issue had come up before. In 2009, President Barack Obama’s economic recovery package barred stimulus checks for most prisoners. Only a few thousand got them, through an exception in the law for those who had just gone to jail. In 2020, Washington put a priority on getting checks to people as quickly as possible. The CARES Act kept the eligibility rules broad and simple. Basically, anyone who was an American citizen or permanent legal resident, wasn’t claimed as a dependent by someone else, and had filed a tax return (or didn’t need to because they made very little), could get a check. With the December bill, Republicans could have added a prisoner ban to the legislation before it came to an up-or-down vote. The issue of prisoners and stimulus checks had long been in the news. Earlier in the year, the IRS blocked CARES Act payments to prisoners. That prompted a class action lawsuit on behalf of incarcerated people, arguing that the IRS rule was arbitrary and unlawful. In October, a federal judge ruled against the IRS and said the government had to issue the checks. The judge ruled that the CARES Act had no language restricting payments to prisoners, and the administration couldn’t invent one. That only applied to the CARES Act, but the point is, Republicans had ample opportunity to grapple with the issue as the December bill was being written. Despite having the right to stimulus checks, many prisoners hit a stumbling block: The IRS sent the inmates debit cards that some states couldn’t process.  Our ruling Cotton said Democrats voted to give stimulus checks to people in prison. They did, arguing that to do otherwise would harm the families of prisoners. It’s worth noting that Cotton and other Senate Republicans voted for previous relief packages that also resulted in prisoners getting checks.  With that clarification, we rate this claim Mostly True.  

National,Criminal Justice,Stimulus,Coronavirus,Tom Cotton

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Marco Rubio

2021-03-06 00:00:00

a tweet:

In rejecting his amendment, “Democrats voted to send reopening money to schools that refuse to reopen.”

Jon Greenberg

2021-03-09 00:00:00

half-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/mar/09/marco-rubio/rubio-takes-democratic-school-reopening-vote-out-c/

Rubio takes Democratic school reopening vote out of context

The path toward bringing students back to real classrooms with teachers and desks and art in the hallways has taken many twists and turns. The Democrats’ massive COVID-19 relief bill has $125 billion to help schools bring their students back and make up for a troubled year. Sen. Marco Rubio, R-Fla., had an amendment that would tie aid to how fully reopened a school was. When his amendment failed on a mostly party-line vote, Rubio tweeted his disdain. "Tonight, Democrats voted to send reopening money to schools that refuse to reopen," he wrote March 6. Tonight Democrats voted to send re-opening money to schools that refuse to re-open. https://t.co/aQgVBDTUzh— Marco Rubio (@marcorubio) March 6, 2021 Let’s unpack that. Rubio’s proposal The relief package provided money for a variety of purposes, including summer remedial education, student counseling, rebuilding ventilation systems and taking any steps needed to slow the spread of the virus. Rubio’s amendment would have tweaked the distribution formula for those billions in school aid. Under his proposal, every school district could count on getting 25% of whatever amount would be its share. (That share would be tied to the federal Title I funds the district normally received.) Beyond that 25%, "for each school day in a five-day school week" that district schools were open to 100% of their students, the district would get an additional 15% of its money.  "This amendment incentivizes us to get our kids back in school," Rubio said March 6 on the Senate floor. And he targeted one group that he felt stands in the way.  "We do have unions — and to be fair, not all — but we do have unions that say, ‘We're not going back until next year,’ even if all the (safety) measures are put in place," Rubio said. The limits to Rubio’s complaint Rubio chastised Democrats for voting to send reopening money to schools that refuse to open. But his criticism contains some misleading elements. Rubio’s term "refuse to reopen" casts schools as adopting a policy simply as a matter of preference. But many factors drive school closures.  Education researchers who have pulled together data on schools and the coronavirus found that schools that choose to reopen don’t necessarily stay open. The Center for Reinventing Public Education at the University of Washington has been tracking 477 school districts. Many of them began to bring students back at the start of the school year, but then reversed course. Between November and December, remote learning increased, by 7% in suburban communities and 20% in urban areas. "Several districts shifted toward more opening through the fall but seemed to pull back on these partial reopenings as the winter surge took hold," said center associate director Betheny Gross.   Tactical shifts in response to the virus make it difficult to define schools as ones that "refuse to reopen."  Gross said the great majority of schools seem to aim to reopen at least partially. Only about 7% relied solely on remote teaching for all grades in October, November and December. Rubio’s claim also simplifies the nature of the bill’s school aid. The $125 billion is aimed at much more than just reopening schools. With an eye on remedial teaching, it orders districts to reserve 20% of their funds for measures such as summer school, after-school tutoring and an extended school year. The school aid spans many years to sustain efforts to help students make up lost ground. We reached out to Rubio’s office and did not hear back. The Democratic school reopening policy Rubio’s comment suggests that returning kids to school is a low priority among Democrats. In January, President Joe Biden released a pandemic strategy plan that said the country is "committed to ensuring that students and educators are able to resume safe, in-person learning as quickly as possible, with the goal of getting a majority of K-8 schools safely open in 100 days."  The following month, a reporter asked press secretary Jen Psaki to elaborate on Biden’s goal of reopening schools.  "His goal that he set is to have the majority of schools — so, more than 50% — open by day 100 of his presidency," she said Feb. 9. "And that means some teaching in classrooms. So, at least one day a week. Hopefully, it’s more. And obviously it is as much as is safe in each school and local district."  A week later, at a CNN town hall, Biden said "the goal will be five days a week," and he thought that for grades K-8, the country would "be close" to seeing a majority of schools fully reopened. High schools, with the greater chances of viral spread, might be more challenging, Biden said. Our ruling Rubio said that "Democrats voted to send reopening money to schools that refuse to reopen." Democrats voted down a Rubio amendment that would have tied the school aid amounts to whether school buildings were open to students. But education experts said it is not accurate to define closed or partly closed school buildings as ones that "refuse to reopen." Some schools that brought some students back backtracked in response to surging infections in the community.  Also, Rubio described the Democratic vote as being narrowly about reopening. They voted for money to help more schools reopen, to make changes to stay open and to provide remedial instruction to make up for lost ground. Rubio’s claim is partly accurate, but leaves out important context. We rate it Half True.  

National,Education,Stimulus,Coronavirus,Marco Rubio

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Facebook posts

2021-03-02 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

The Georgia House passed a bill that “makes it a misdemeanor to give food or water to voters waiting in line.”

Amy Sherman

2021-03-09 00:00:00

true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/mar/09/facebook-posts/georgia-bill-would-ban-giving-food-water-voters-li/

Georgia bill would ban giving food, water to voters in line

After Joe Biden narrowly won Georgia, and the Democrats won a pair of Senate races, Republican lawmakers there have proposed dozens of measures that would overhaul how Georgia voters cast ballots in future elections. One sweeping elections bill, Georgia House Bill 531, would limit the locations of absentee ballot drop boxes, require more identification for absentee voting and limit weekend early voting. Facebook posts said the state legislation "makes it a misdemeanor to give food or water to voters waiting in line." The Facebook post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.) In this case, the post is accurate. A state bill would expressly ban giving food or water to voters in line, which is more explicit than existing law that broadly bans gifts to voters. Georgia is one of many states where Republican lawmakers have introduced bills that restrict voting access, despite the fact that Republican election officials said the 2020 election was secure. Georgia bill would make food giveaways to voters a crime Georgia HB 531 has a section that prohibits "any money or gifts, including, but not limited to, food and drink, to an elector." Such giveaways will be banned within 150 feet of a building where people are voting, within any polling place or within 25 feet of any voter standing in line.  The bill would make a violation a misdemeanor that carries a maximum fine of $1,000 and maximum imprisonment of up to one year in jail. The bill passed the House 97-72 on March 1 and awaits a vote in the Senate. For years, voting rights advocates have organized efforts to give away bottles of water or food near voting sites where residents sometimes wait in line for hours to vote. Voters in black-majority neighborhoods have had disproportionate waiting times. "Ideally no one would wait (to vote) more than 30 minutes, but that’s not the reality," said Andrea Young, executive director of the ACLU of Georgia. Generally, some of the larger food events are organized by those with ties to the left, although they make the food available to anyone. Pizza to the Polls told PolitiFact that it delivered more than 7,000 boxes of pizza and more than 65,000 snacks during the general election and Senate runoff. The group was co-founded by a 2016 Obama field organizer but says it is nonpartisan: "Ain’t nothing partisan about trying to make voting less of a drag," it says on its website. Chef José Andrés’ World Central Kitchen, as part of its Chefs for the Polls project, brought tacos, sandwiches and pizza to lines of voters in Georgia in 2020, the Atlanta Journal-Constitution reported. The group is also nonpartisan, but Andres supported Biden’s candidacy.  Georgia law already bans gifts to voters Existing Georgia law bans giving gifts "for the purpose of registering as a voter, voting, or voting for a particular candidate." That provision doesn’t mention food or water directly, but the Secretary of State Brad Raffensperger has interpreted it to include food or water. In February, the Georgia elections board referred for investigation to prosecutors a couple of cases in which candidates gave food or water to voters.  Matthew Wilson bought four pizzas and passed out slices to those in line to vote in 2018, according to Reporter Newspapers. Wilson, a Democrat who won his race for state representative, said he distributed the pizza after getting permission from a poll manager. Kelly Rose, a Democrat who lost a state senate race, told PolitiFact that her team handed out water, oranges and chips at a 2020 polling site. "A woman passed out one day we were there," Rose told PolitiFact. Rose said she didn’t campaign at the site and didn’t break the law. (A state law bans soliciting votes within 150 feet of a building where voting takes place.) We reached out to the chief author of HB 531, Republican Rep. Barry Fleming, to ask why the state needs a law to ban giveaways to voters in line when state law already bans gifts, but we didn’t hear back. Our ruling Facebook posts state that the Georgia House passed a bill that "makes it a misdemeanor to give food or water to voters waiting in line." HB 531, which passed the House March 1, bans giving food and drinks to electors within 150 feet of a building where people are voting, within any polling place or within 25 feet of any voter standing in line. A violation is considered a misdemeanor.  We rate this claim True. RELATED: Fact-checking misleading attacks on the HR 1 voting rights bill  

Georgia,Elections,Facebook Fact-checks,Facebook posts

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The Gateway Pundit

2021-03-06 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

“Ballots in Arizona’s Maricopa County” from the 2020 presidential election “found shredded and in dumpster days before Senate audit to begin.”

Tom Kertscher

2021-03-09 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/mar/09/gateway-pundit/no-evidence-dumpster-dive-found-2020-cast-ballots-/

No evidence that a dumpster dive found 2020 cast ballots shredded in Arizona

Did someone’s dumpster dive outside the Maricopa County Elections Department in Phoenix, Ariz., turn up evidence of shredded ballots cast in the 2020 presidential election? That’s what an article and photos published by The Gateway Pundit, a conservative website, contend. The March 6 article, widely shared on Facebook, was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.)  "Piles of shredded ballots were located today in a dumpster in Maricopa County, Arizona," reads the first paragraph of the story. "This find occurs only days before the Senate’s audit of the county’s 2020 election results is due to start." We found the evidence didn’t hold up to scrutiny. The article includes a photo of an unidentified man standing inside a dumpster wearing jeans and a blue polo shirt. In another, the man poses next to a table top and kitchen counter covered with shredded paper that appears to have been spilled from a yellow plastic bag. A third photo shows a close-up of strips of paper that appear to say Maricopa County Elections Department in Spanish. Those photos, as well as dozens more, were posted on Facebook by someone named Staci Burk. Her post, which appeared the same day as the Gateway Pundit article, indicates she was with the man in the photo, reads: "Ballots shredded and in dumpsters behind the Maricopa County Ballot tabulation center. Physical evidence collected. Went to three different dumps after that tracking down the other bags. Wrapped up physical evidence collection with a Purple Heart Vet willing to dumpster dive for his Country. This is 510 S. 3rd Ave, Phoenix, AZ." Burk filed a lawsuit alleging widespread fraud in Arizona in the November 2020 election. It was dismissed. A judge found the suit "sorely wanting of relevant or reliable evidence" and that Burk didn’t have legal standing to sue because she wasn’t a registered voter. Where the ballots are  Maricopa County Elections Department spokeswoman Megan Gilbertson told PolitiFact that surveillance video captured images of the man who is pictured in The Gateway Pundit article in a dumpster outside of the department and attempting to get inside its warehouse on March 5 and 6. She said she doesn't know the man’s identity, but that the department would be contacting law enforcement officials. Gilbertson said sample ballots and other miscellaneous election materials are kept in the warehouse and could have been in the warehouse dumpster, but not cast ballots. All ballots that have been cast are kept in an indoor vault, she said, and surveillance footage shows no outsider gained entry to it. A judge ruled Feb. 26 that Maricopa County must turn over the 2.1 million cast ballots from the November election to the Arizona Senate so that the Senate can conduct an audit. Senate leaders have said they are unsatisfied with the county's multiple pre- and post-election audits, according to news reports. The Maricopa County Board of Elections, composed of four Republicans and one Democrat, voted unanimously on Nov. 20 to certify that Joe Biden defeated Donald Trump in the county.  Biden won 1,040,774 votes, or 49.8%, in the county; Trump won 995,665, or 47.7%. Biden won Arizona by 1,672,143 to Trump’s 1,661,686. The author of the Gateway Pundit article did not reply to our email. Our ruling An article widely shared on Facebook claimed: "Ballots in Arizona’s Maricopa County" from the 2020 presidential election "found shredded and in dumpster days before Senate audit to begin." The county elections department said it has a surveillance recording of a man rummaging through a dumpster outside of its office and attempting to gain entry into its warehouse. The department says all voted ballots from the 2020 election are sealed in a locked indoor vault, awaiting shipment for an audit by the state Senate, that none are kept in the warehouse and none have been shredded. We rate the statement False. Help shape our fact-checking! Take PolitiFact’s reader survey now >>

Arizona,Elections,Facebook Fact-checks,The Gateway Pundit

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Roger Marshall

2021-03-01 00:00:00

an op-ed:

A study “suggests that even after two years of hormone therapy, biological boys still maintain significant advantages over girls, including being 12% faster on the 1.5-mile run.”

Miriam Valverde

2021-03-09 00:00:00

barely-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/mar/09/roger-marshall/kansas-senator-leaves-out-context-claim-about-tran/

Kansas senator leaves out context in claim about transgender athletes

President Joe Biden on his first day in office signed an executive order saying his administration would enforce laws that prohibit discrimination on the basis of gender identity or sexual orientation, and would address overlapping forms of discrimination. "Children should be able to learn without worrying about whether they will be denied access to the restroom, the locker room, or school sports," Biden’s order said. In response, Sen. Roger Marshall, R-Kan., argued in a Fox News op-ed that Biden’s order would "destroy women’s sports," because "letting biological boys compete in biological girls’ high school and college sports" would give them an unfair advantage. Marshall added that hormone treatment doesn’t level the playing field, citing a 2020 study of adults in the military as evidence. "A recent study by the British Journal of Sports Medicine suggests that even after two years of hormone therapy, biological boys still maintain significant advantages over girls, including being 12% faster on the 1.5-mile run," wrote Marshall, a former OB/GYN in Kansas. PolitiFact decided to take a closer look at Marshall’s characterization of the study. We found that he cherry-picked the study’s findings and misrepresented its conclusions about the effect of hormone treatment. One of the study’s authors told us that he left out important context by focusing on just the speed test.  Marshall’s office did not respond to our request for more information. We’ve looked at other claims that allowing transgender athletes to participate in scholastic sports would "destroy girls’ sports" and found little evidence for that. A few things to keep in mind Gender refers to the cultural roles, behaviors, activities and attributes expected of people based on their sex, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Biologists say that a person’s gender identity may be masculine, feminine, a combination of both or neither, or it may shift over time. Transgender describes people whose gender identity differs from the sex they were assigned at birth. Cisgender describes people whose current gender identity is the same as the sex they were assigned at birth. What the study found The study Marshall cited was not about scholastic or collegiate athletes. It centered on fitness test results and medical records of 29 transgender men and 46 transgender women who began receiving gender-affirming hormones in their mid-20s while in the U.S. Air Force. Researchers compared their pre- and post-hormone performance on speed and upper-body strength tests with the average performance of all women and men under age of 30 in the Air Force between 2004 and 2014. The study found that in a speed test based on a 1.5-mile run, the transgender women ran faster than the cisgender women, on average — 21% faster before taking hormones, and 12% faster after two years of hormones. So some advantage remained. But on strength tests, based on push-ups and sit-ups performed in one minute, the advantage for transgender women disappeared after two years. The study suggested that more than one year of testosterone suppression "may be needed to ensure that transgender women do not have an unfair competitive advantage when participating in elite level athletic competition." "In general, the advantage of trans women continued to diminish the longer they were on testosterone blockers," said Dr. Timothy Roberts, director of the adolescent medicine training program at Children’s Mercy Kansas City, and co-author of the study. "So, for strength or technique-based competitions, Sen. Marshall is misrepresenting our research." The study said more research was needed to determine "if guidelines for transgender inclusion in sports need to account for the athlete’s pubertal stage when testosterone or estrogen began." Anatomical differences triggered during puberty — such as height, pelvic architecture and leg bones — which do not respond to changes in testosterone post-puberty may explain why transgender women retained an advantage in running speed, the study said. But that advantage in distance running also needs context, Roberts said. While the average transgender woman is still faster than the average cisgender woman after two years on hormones, she is still slower than the top 9% of cisgender women runners, Roberts said. "Advantage? Yes. Destroy women's sports? No," Roberts said. "There are many things that put women's athletics in jeopardy, such as gender bias, lack of funding, unequal pay and unequal access to athletic opportunities, but trans women are not one of them." Limited data and research on transgender athletes There’s no authoritative count of how many transgender athletes have competed recently in high school or college sports, because neither the NCAA nor most state high school athletic associations collect that information, according to the AP. Around 200,000 athletes compete in women’s college sports, and based on a researcher’s estimate, about 50 are transgender, the New York Times reported. Overall, there’s limited research on transgender athletes. The few studies available have been carried out in different populations and don’t consistently measure the same physiological factors or use the same outcome variables, so they cannot not easily be translated to a particular sport, said Katrina Karkazis, a cultural anthropologist and a senior research fellow with the Global Health Justice Partnership at Yale University. The problem with trying to do studies on athleticism in general is that there are too many variables to consider, including myriad biological factors, psyche, nutrition and training, Karkazis said. NCAA policy requires that transgender women complete one year of testosterone suppression treatment before competing on a women’s team. But the policy document says, "according to medical experts on this issue, the assumption that a transgender woman competing on a women’s team would have a competitive advantage outside the range of performance and competitive advantage or disadvantage that already exists among female athletes is not supported by evidence." Our ruling Marshall claimed that a study "suggests that even after two years of hormone therapy, biological boys still maintain significant advantages over girls, including being 12% faster on the 1.5-mile run." The study he cited involved U.S. Air Force personnel who were mostly in their mid-20s, and it focused on only two measures: upper-body strength and running speed. After two years of taking hormones, the study found, the average transgender woman ran 12% faster than the average cisgender woman, compared with 21% faster before treatment. On a strength test, the same study found, the advantage of transgender women disappeared over that same interval. Experts say there’s limited research on transgender athletes, and little evidence that transgender women are dominating women’s sports. Marshall’s claim cherry-picks the findings of the study, and one of the authors of the study said he misinterpreted its conclusions.   We rate the claim Mostly False.

Children,Sports,Roger Marshall

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Chuck Todd

2021-03-07 00:00:00

remarks on NBC's "Meet the Press":

“The filibuster was never an idea of the founding fathers.”

Louis Jacobson

2021-03-08 00:00:00

true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/mar/08/chuck-todd/founders-didnt-put-senate-filibuster-constitution/

The founders didn’t put a Senate filibuster into the Constitution

With the Democrats’ razor-thin majority in the Senate, and the intense partisan polarization embodied by the chamber’s strict party-line vote on President Joe Biden’s $1.9 trillion relief bill, there’s been a lot of discussion recently about the filibuster — a tool a minority can use to stall a bill unless 60 senators vote to take up the measure. Much of the attention has been focused on Sen. Joe Manchin, D-W.Va. Manchin is generally considered the most conservative Democratic senator in the 50-50 Senate, which gives him significant leverage over his party. If Manchin — who represents a state that backed President Donald Trump in November by a 39-point margin — joins with Republicans on a given bill or amendment, he torpedoes any Democratic hope of passage. Manchin also plays a pivotal role on how the Senate operates, because he has long been a backer of the filibuster. This has irked other Democrats, who see little hope of winning Republican support in today’s polarized environment, making it hard for Democrats to secure the 10 Republican votes needed to break a filibuster and pass new laws.  Help shape our fact-checking! Take PolitiFact’s reader survey now >> One way for Democrats to ease this conundrum would be to eliminate the filibuster — but that would require at least 50 votes, and Manchin has long said he’s opposed that path, as have a few other Democratic senators, including Kyrsten Sinema of Arizona.  After the Senate’s narrow passage of the relief bill on March 6, Manchin was asked repeatedly about the future of the filibuster during a round of interviews on the Sunday political talk shows.  On NBC’s "Meet the Press," host Chuck Todd asked Manchin what he thought about carving out election-related bills to move forward with 50 votes rather than 60. Manchin sounded skeptical, although he did say he’d consider a change that required a minority to actually talk a bill to death on the floor, something that is not required today. "Can you imagine not having to sit down, where there's no reason for you to sit down with your colleagues on both sides and have their input?" Manchin said. "The Senate is the most unique body of government in the world. It's deliberate. It's basically designed, Chuck, to make sure the minority has input. That's exactly our Founding Fathers." Todd pushed back on the mention of the founders. "Well, Senator, the filibuster was never an idea of the Founding Fathers," he said. "That is a Senate rule that was created by senators later, in fairness. It's not a Founding Father idea." We wondered whether Todd was right that "the filibuster was never an idea of the founding fathers." Todd is basically correct, though in discussing the issue with experts, we found a few nuances to point out. (Todd did not respond to an inquiry for this article.) How does the Senate filibuster work? There is a legend of uncertain veracity that says George Washington and Thomas Jefferson came to agree that the Senate should serve as a "saucer" to the House’s "tea cup" — a vessel for cooling the hottest passions emanating from the House. Whether the specifics of the tale hold up, the Senate has long been considered the slower, more cautious half of Congress.  The filibuster was never "established" by a specific act; it emerged organically. Some analysts suggest that it began during the first decade of the 1800s, when senators mistakenly deleted a rule empowering a majority to cut off debate, though others disagree.   In any case, the Constitution delegates internal rule-setting to the Senate itself, and for much of its history, the chamber did not implement a mechanism to maneuver around a member determined enough to block action by mounting a filibuster. It took until 1917, when the Senate voted to empower a supermajority of 67 to cut off a filibuster and move on to other business, using a motion known as "cloture." Then, in 1975, the Senate voted to lower the supermajority to its current number, 60. Those 60 votes have become a significant hurdle in a chamber that has not often had one party win that many seats — and especially in recent years, as the two parties have become more polarized and more willing to filibuster, even on matters that had previously been treated as routine. What did the framers say? Something we know for sure is that the filibuster does not appear in the Constitution.  The Constitution does include two tools that can be used by a minority to delay action — refusing to vote, and repeatedly calling for roll call votes, wrote Gregory Koger, a University of Miami political scientist, in his 2010 study, "Filibustering: A Political History of Obstruction in the House and Senate." Some founders, such as George Mason, acknowledged "inconveniences" caused by the blocking actions of a minority but also believed that the fear of such blockages could have an energizing effect on the legislative process, according to contemporaneous notes cited by Koger. Other founders, including James Madison, more strongly opposed a minority being able to block the will of the majority. Madison wrote in Federalist Paper 58 that a determined minority could "screen themselves from equitable sacrifices" or "in particular emergencies, to extort unreasonable indulgences," possibly leading to the "ruin of popular governments." Ultimately, the founders took something of a middle path in the Constitution. They required a majority quorum to do legislative business, which Koger sees as a "balance between the delegates’ fear of mischief by small numbers of legislators and their concern that a high threshold would paralyze Congress at critical moments." And the founders decided that one-fifth of those present could request a roll call vote. While this was another potential delaying tool for minorities, it represented a middle ground between allowing just one member to request a vote and not recording votes at all, Koger wrote. The founders may have felt that "an occasional episode" of delay "might do more good than harm, but the Federalist Papers suggest that they did not intend obstruction to systematically impede majority action on most classes of legislation," Koger wrote. Our ruling Todd said, "The filibuster was never an idea of the Founding Fathers."  The founders never wrote into the Constitution a filibuster, and contemporaneous writings suggest that the founders’ views ranged from ambivalent to negative about the value of delaying tactics in general.  The founders were aware that some of the provisions they included in the Constitution could be used by a determined minority to delay legislative business, even if that was not was not the founders’ reason for including them. In any case, the filibuster used in the Senate today was not among the provisions included.  We rate the statement True.

West Virginia,Congress,Chuck Todd

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Instagram posts

2021-03-04 00:00:00

a video on Instagram:

Video suggests Dr. Anthony Fauci said vaccines don’t protect against COVID-19.

Madison Czopek

2021-03-08 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/mar/08/instagram-posts/misleading-video-suggests-dr-anthony-fauci-said-va/

Misleading video suggests Dr. Anthony Fauci said vaccines don’t protect people from COVID-19

Social media users are claiming that a viral video posted on Instagram shows Dr. Anthony Fauci saying that vaccines don’t protect people from COVID-19.  The video — which was edited to add voiceover commentary — shows CNN’s Chris Cuomo interviewing Fauci, the director of the National Institute of Allergies and Infectious Diseases.  The interview occurred on Dec. 10, after a panel of experts recommended the authorization of Pfizer’s COVID-19 vaccine. Cuomo asked Fauci to explain why people would still need to wear masks after they were vaccinated against COVID-19. The Instagram post excerpts a clip from the conversation: "Just because you’re protected," Fauci is seen saying in the post, "so-called protected by the vaccine, you still need to remember that you could be prevented from getting clinical disease and still have the virus that is in your nasopharynx, because you can get infected. We’re not sure, at this point, that the vaccine prevents you against getting infected." At that point in the Instagram video, a voice cuts in to emphasize what it appears Fauci is saying: Voiceover: "We’re not sure at this point that the vaccine prevents you against getting infected." Fauci: "We know for sure it’s very, very good, 94, 95%, in protecting you against clinically recognizable disease." Voiceover: "Clinically recognizable disease? But not COVID?" Fauci: "And almost 100% at protecting you for severe disease." Voiceover: "And almost 100% from severe disease? Well then what does he call covid if that’s not serious?" The video has been viewed more than 380,000 times on Instagram. The post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.) Fauci was being very scientifically precise with his words, but there was nothing nefarious behind his statement. (Screenshot from Instagram)   According to CNN’s transcript, Fauci’s full response to Cuomo’s question about the continued need to wear masks was: "Well, the answer is unless you get the overwhelming majority of the country vaccinated, and protected, and get that umbrella of what we call herd immunity, there's still a lot of virus out there. "So just because you're protected, so-called protected, by the vaccine, you should need to remember that you could be prevented from getting clinical disease, and still have the virus that is in your nasopharynx because you could get infected. "We're not sure, at this point, that the vaccine protects you against getting infected. We know for sure it's very, very good, 94%, 95% in protecting you against clinically recognizable disease, and almost 100% in protecting you for severe disease. "But until you have virus that is so low in society, we, as a nation, need to continue, to wear the mask, to keep the physical distance, to avoid crowds. We're not through with this just because we're starting a vaccine program. "Even though you, as an individual, might have gotten vaccinated, it is not over by any means. We still have a long way to go, and we've got to get as many people as possible vaccinated, of all groups." When Fauci said this in December, research on the COVID-19 vaccines showed that the vaccines prevent people from developing the disease COVID-19. But research was — and is — still underway to determine whether or not the vaccines stop people from being infected with the virus and transmitting it to others. The confusion about Fauci’s statements stems from the distinction between the disease caused by the virus and the virus itself. COVID-19 is the World Health Organization’s official name for the coronavirus disease. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, or SARS-CoV-2, is the WHO’s official name for the virus that causes COVID-19. Both names have been used when discussing the pandemic since they were announced in February 2020.  Help shape our fact-checking! Take PolitiFact’s reader survey now >> In recent months, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration has issued emergency use authorization for three vaccines that, in the FDA’s own words, are "for the prevention of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)." First on Dec. 11, just days after this Fauci interview, the FDA cleared the Pfizer vaccine for distribution and use in the U.S. On Dec. 18, the FDA cleared the Moderna vaccine for distribution and use. Finally, the Johnson & Johnson vaccine became the third vaccine cleared for distribution and use in the U.S. on Feb. 27. The CDC reports that after two doses, the Pfizer vaccine is 95% effective "in preventing COVID-19" and the Moderna vaccine is 94.1% effective.  The one-dose Johnson & Johnson vaccine, which was tested "during a more complicated phase of the pandemic" when variants had emerged, is also effective at preventing COVID-19, according to the Washington Post.  "It was more than 80% effective at preventing severe illness, including in areas of the world where concerning variants are circulating, but only 66% protective overall when moderate cases were included," the story said. It is important to note, however, that further research is needed to determine if any of the vaccines in use prevent people from being infected with the virus, therefore slowing transmission.  Many vaccines do not prevent against infection or transmission, but they do keep people from getting seriously ill and having to go to the hospital.  "In general, most vaccines do not completely prevent infection but do prevent the infection from spreading within the body and from causing disease," reads a Johns Hopkins FAQ about vaccines. "Many vaccines can also prevent transmission, potentially leading to herd protection whereby unvaccinated people are protected from infection by the vaccinated people around them because they have less chance of exposure to the virus." Some preliminary research indicates the COVID-19 vaccines have some ability to reduce infection and transmission, but real world research into this complex topic is still underway. "We are still learning whether or not the current Covid-19 vaccines prevent transmission of SARS-CoV-2," the Johns Hopkins FAQ continues. "It is likely they reduce the risk of virus transmission but probably not completely in everyone."  This means vaccinated people might not develop the "clinically recognizable" COVID-19 disease Fauci was referring to, but they could become infected with the virus and spread it if they do not continue to wear masks and avoid crowds, for example.  Our ruling  A viral video suggests that Fauci said vaccines don't protect against COVID-19. In reality, Fauci was making a distinction between contracting the disease COVID-19 and becoming infected with the virus that causes COVID-19. While research shows that the vaccines authorized for use are effective at protecting people from COVID-19, it is still unclear whether or not the vaccines will prevent people from becoming infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus. We rate this claim False.  

Public Health,Facebook Fact-checks,Coronavirus,Instagram posts

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Ron Kim

2021-02-18 00:00:00

a radio

Says Gov. Andrew Cuomo "issued a legal blanket immunity, and snuck that into our budget, giving these facilities essentially a license to kill, a get-out-of-jail free card.”

Jill Terreri Ramos

2021-03-06 00:00:00

half-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/mar/06/ron-kim/new-york-nursing-homes-not-blanket-immunity-close/

New York nursing homes granted legal protection, but not ‘blanket immunity’

Assemblymember Ron Kim has been concerned about nursing home residents during the COVID-19 pandemic, and his policy disagreements with Gov. Andrew Cuomo garnered national attention after he said Cuomo bullied him during a phone call. New York approved broad legal protections for health care facilities during the pandemic as part of the 2020-21 state budget. The protections, retroactive to March 7, were meant to relieve some of the burden on the health care system amid an emergency. They were narrowed in August. But legislators have said the protections were not widely known when the New York State Legislature passed the budget in April. Kim, who voted against the budget for other reasons, said that he found out about them from a reporter months later. In an interview with Brian Lehrer on WNYC, the Queens Democrat said that Cuomo "issued a legal blanket immunity, and snuck that into our budget, giving these facilities essentially a license to kill, a get-out-of-jail free card."  These legal protections are a source of concern for people whose loved ones died in nursing homes, and we wondered about the breadth of the legal immunity granted to nursing homes.  ‘Blanket immunity’ Kim said the provision grants health care facilities "legal blanket immunity."  The protections are broad, but even nursing home advocates say they don’t provide blanket immunity. The original provision limited liability for health care workers, administrators, board members, and health facilities, including hospitals and nursing homes, as long as a state of emergency remains in effect. It pertained to the care of any patient, whether sick from COVID-19 or not. An amendment to the law in August limited the scope of the law to only coronavirus patients.   Under the law, health workers and health facilities "shall have immunity from any liability, civil or criminal, for any harm or damages" related to the delivery of health care. The law does not apply in cases of "willful or intentional criminal misconduct, gross negligence, reckless misconduct, or intentional infliction of harm …" But it also states that "acts, omissions or decisions" resulting from shortages of staff or resources should not be considered "willful or intentional criminal misconduct, gross negligence, reckless misconduct, or intentional infliction of harm."   Margaret Somerset, a lawyer with Underberg & Kessler in the Rochester area who represents nursing homes, said that the law only provides qualified immunity from civil and criminal prosecution if the medical provider does not act with gross negligence or recklessness.  She also said that the law specifically states that shortages of PPE or staffing may not be used as evidence of gross negligence or recklessness. The law was also amended in August 2020 to limit its application to providers engaged in either diagnosing or treating Covid-19 patients.   A report from state Attorney General Letitia James said the law should not be interpreted to mean it provides "blanket immunity," but it also raised concerns. "Due to several recent changes in law, it is unclear to what extent facilities or individuals can be held accountable if found to have failed appropriately to protect the residents in their care," the report said. It also said James disagrees with any interpretation that the law provides blanket immunity for things other than intentional harm, even when related to intentional resource and staffing allocations, calling it "illogical, contrary to public policy, and contrary to the law’s intent." Nina A. Kohn, a distinguished scholar in elder law at Yale University and a law professor at Syracuse University, said Kim’s use of "blanket immunity" is how she would expect a layperson to use the term. But legally speaking, it’s not accurate, because the law does not say that you can never be held liable for anything.  Nonetheless, Kohn said, the law gives "a green light for facilities to understaff and underresource. The language seems plain to me."  The exceptions, however, such as gross negligence, can be difficult to prove. James Snyder, a plaintiff’s lawyer in the Syracuse area who has written about the immunity law, said gross negligence exists in New York law, "but imposes an incredibly high burden of proof upon  anyone attempting to make a claim for personal injury pursuant to it."  ‘Snuck it in’ Kim said the governor snuck the immunity protections into the budget. Kim’s chief of staff, Tony Cao, told us that when Kim inquired about the provision, once he learned about it after the budget vote, he was told by Assembly leadership that the administration fought forcefully for the provision, telling both houses it was non-negotiable.  Kim’s office also provided a letter from the Greater New York Hospital Association, which hailed the passage of the provision. "GNYHA drafted and aggressively advocated for this legislation," President Kenneth Raske wrote to the association’s members.  We asked the Cuomo administration about the provision, and aides said that the budget, which is voted on by legislators, is the subject of negotiations between the executive chamber and both houses of the State Legislature.  "It’s an impossibility to ‘sneak’ anything in to the budget — we engage with legislative staff in ongoing negotiations throughout the budget process, those staff must physically sign off on every individual provision before the bill is printed, and every legislator can of course read the language themselves," said Beth Garvey, special counsel and senior advisor to Cuomo.  The budget bills run hundreds of pages, and lawmakers typically have only hours from the time they are printed until the vote. The Assembly passed the 2020-21 budget in the wee hours of the morning.  ‘License to kill’ Kim said that nursing homes have "essentially a license to kill" and a "get-out-of-jail free card."  Cao, Kim’s chief of staff, said that isn’t hyperbole. When the order granting immunity is combined with other measures the administration took to ease the burden on health care workers and institutions navigating an unforeseen crisis -- as well as the high bar to prove gross negligence, recklessness or intentional harm in court --– he said families have little recourse if their loved ones were harmed in nursing homes during the pandemic.   Cao pointed to an executive order relaxing paperwork requirements, which expired at the end of December. "Any person acting reasonably and in good faith under this provision shall be afforded absolute immunity from liability for any failure to comply with any recordkeeping requirement," it stated. Without paperwork documenting patients’ conditions, and with the pandemic preventing visits by family members, building a case is impossible, Cao said.   The Cuomo administration said the expectation and intent of the recordkeeping order was not that facilities would keep no records, but that they did not always have to stringently complete records at all times during the emergency, Garvey said. Many of those records were finalized after the fact, she said.  The Cuomo administration’s position is that the intent of the law was to prevent lawsuits unless there was intentional misconduct. If a facility accepted patients it could not care for properly due to staff or resource shortages, that could be intentional misconduct, she said.  But the attorney general’s report raises the possibility of a loophole in the law. It states that the law "is silent as to whether the safe-harbor for ‘resource or staffing shortage’ is to be assessed only based on conditions that arose as a result of the COVID-19 emergency or whether it" applies to shortages that existed before the emergency declaration.  The attorney general’s investigation found that poorly staffed nursing homes had higher death rates. James recommends eliminating the immunity provisions because they "can provide financial incentives to for-profit nursing home operators to put residents at risk of harm" by not employing enough caregivers or purchasing enough personal protective equipment. Our ruling Kim said that a law protecting health care facilities gave them "blanket immunity," was snuck into the budget by Cuomo, gave health care facilities get out of jail free cards and a license to kill.  The law contained broad protections, but doesn’t grant blanket immunity. Experts disagree on how broad the protections are. It will likely take court cases to resolve that question.  While Cuomo may have fought aggressively for the law during budget negotiations, saying that he "snuck it in" minimizes the legislature’s role. Staff and leaders knew about the provision even if many members didn’t.     Kim’s use of "essentially" when describing a "license to kill" modifies it somewhat. Even the Attorney General’s Office said it is unclear to what extent facilities or individuals can be held accountable if found to have failed appropriately to protect the residents in their care. But the law contains exceptions for some criminal conduct.  Coupled with other actions the Cuomo administration took to aid health workers and prevent virus transmission in nursing homes - relaxing recordkeeping requirements related to patient care and prohibiting visitors - families will have difficulty winning cases against nursing homes.    Kim conveyed the difficulty families have in holding nursing homes accountable, but his statement goes too far because the the immunity protections do not cover everything.  He made a compelling statement that has elements of truth.   We rate his statement Half True.

Health Care,New York,Coronavirus,Ron Kim

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Joe Biden

2021-03-02 00:00:00

a news conference:

“When I came into office, the prior administration had contracted for not nearly enough vaccine to cover adults in America.”

Victoria Knight

2021-03-05 00:00:00

barely-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/mar/05/joe-biden/bidens-criticism-trump-administration-vaccine-cont/

Biden’s criticism of Trump administration vaccine contracts too broad to be accurate

During a March 2 news conference on the COVID-19 pandemic, President Joe Biden claimed that former President Donald Trump’s administration did not ensure there would be enough vaccines for the American public.  "When I came into office, the prior administration had contracted for not nearly enough vaccine to cover adults in America," said Biden. "We rectified that."  Biden then announced he was using the Defense Production Act to facilitate a partnership between two competing drug companies: Merck had agreed to help manufacture the recently authorized Johnson & Johnson vaccine.  The move, he said, would accelerate the timeline for the availability of vaccines to the American public: "We’re now on track to have enough vaccine supply for every adult in America by the end of May," he said, two months earlier than he had previously projected.  It’s been a common political message since the Biden administration took office that the initial vaccine rollout under Trump was "chaotic." PolitiFact previously rated a claim by Biden’s chief of staff, Ron Klain, that the Trump administration left no vaccine plan behind as Mostly False.  So, we thought it was important to check whether Biden was going too far in alleging that the Trump administration hadn’t contracted for enough vaccines to cover the American public. Let’s see what the contracts, which are public documents, say.  The Operation Warp Speed contracts and FDA’s process As part of Operation Warp Speed, the Trump administration entered into contracts with multiple drugmakers. The contracts were generally signed while potential vaccines were still in clinical trials.  Experts told us this was smart, because the Trump administration didn’t know what vaccines from which drugmakers would work, how effective they would be or how quickly they could be produced.  "That was the whole approach of Operation Warp Speed," said Dr. Amesh Adalja, a senior scholar at the Johns Hopkins Center for Health Security. "Not knowing which one would cross the finish line, the Trump administration took a portfolio approach and invested in multiple vaccines."  Here’s what the Trump administration’s initial contracts called for drug makers to supply to the U.S. government:  Pfizer-BioNTech: 100 million doses (2 dose regimen) Moderna: 100 million doses (2 dose regimen)  Johnson & Johnson: 100 million doses (1 dose regimen)  AstraZeneca: 300 million doses (2 dose regimen)  Novavax: 100 million doses (2 dose regimen) Sanofi-GlaxoSmithKline: 100 million doses (1 or 2 dose regimen) In total, the amounts agreed to under these contracts equal about 800 million vaccine doses, or enough for more than 400 million people.  The U.S., based on U.S. Census estimates, has around 328 million people, of whom about 255 million are older than 18. (Vaccines are not yet authorized for children.)  So it appears that the Trump administration’s contracts with drugmakers did cover enough doses to vaccinate the entire U.S. adult population — and then some. By that measure, Biden’s statement is inaccurate.  An important point to remember, though, is that these contract numbers don’t necessarily represent deliverable vaccines. The contracts represent early promises. There were still important hurdles that had to be cleared before these possible vaccine candidates could be a reality.  Kevin Gilligan, a senior consultant with Biologics Consulting, a firm focused on pharmaceuticals, said once drugmakers develop a vaccine, they must test it through clinical trials with humans and amass enough data to show the vaccines are safe and effective and cause minimal side effects.  The data is then presented to the Food and Drug Administration, which decides whether the vaccine should be authorized for emergency use. Granting an emergency use authorization means the vaccine can then be distributed to the public.  Until recently, the Pfizer and Moderna vaccines were the only two that had reached that point, gaining authorization on Dec. 11 and 18 respectively.  The Trump administration announced Dec. 23 that it would buy an additional 200 million doses in total of both companies’ vaccines.  The caveat worth noting: The real numbers were lower A Biden administration press official told KHN that the president was referring only to orders for the authorized vaccines. "When the Trump Administration was in office, there were only two approved vaccines (Pfizer and Moderna) and the Trump Administration had not contracted for enough of them to vaccinate all Americans. They only had 400 million doses of these authorized vaccines, which is only enough for 200 million Americans. Upon coming into office, one of our first steps was to ensure that we had enough supply secured for every American. We were prepared from Day 1."  On this point, the Biden White House is correct. The U.S. government had in place agreements to buy 400 million doses of the authorized vaccines, which were both two-dose vaccines — not enough for the entire U.S. adult population.  It’s also true that five days after Biden became president, he announced his administration had reached agreements with Moderna and Pfizer to buy a combined additional 200 million doses. That purchase was finalized on Feb. 11 and brought the total U.S. supply to 600 million doses of authorized vaccines, or enough to vaccinate 300 million people.  In addition, on Feb. 27, Johnson & Johnson’s vaccine was authorized for emergency use. Under the Operation Warp Speed contract, J&J is supposed to provide 100 million doses to the U.S. by the end of May, but the company is reportedly behind on production.  The Biden administration’s move to get J&J to team up with Merck to achieve its production goal will increase vaccine supply.  But, is it fair for Biden to blame the Trump administration for not buying more of the Pfizer and Moderna vaccines once they became authorized for emergency use?  The answer to that isn’t clear-cut, said the experts.  "It’s not totally fair to say the prior administration didn’t purchase enough, since they did move to purchase more doses after the vaccine was authorized," said Jennifer Kates, senior vice president and director of global health and HIV policy at the Kaiser Family Foundation. "I think the question is should they have purchased it earlier?"  The New York Times reported on Dec. 7 that before Pfizer’s COVID-19 vaccine was shown to be highly effective in clinical trials, the company had offered the U.S. government the option to buy additional doses, but the Trump administration declined. Former Health and Human Services Secretary Alex Azar disputed the news report, saying during a TV interview that Pfizer hadn’t agreed to a production amount or delivery time for the additional vaccine, so he couldn’t agree to the deal: "I'm certainly not going to sign a deal with Pfizer giving them $10 billion to buy vaccine that they could deliver to us five, 10 years hence. That doesn't make any sense."  James Love, director of Knowledge Ecology International, a non-governmental organization that obtained copies of COVID-19 government contracts, agreed that once it was clear the Pfizer and Moderna vaccines were likely to receive FDA authorization, the Trump administration could have taken action to make competing drug companies increase their vaccine manufacturing capacity in the way Biden did with Merck and J&J.   "The U.S. could have forced technology transfer between companies, which meant they would have been assured of additional vaccine manufacturing capacity," said Love. "The agreements we have now about scaling manufacturing are coming pretty late actually. It takes several months to get stuff up and running."  But Gilligan noted that the Biden administration had the advantage of hindsight. "Biden inherited the success of vaccine development done under Trump and then expanded on it," said Gilligan. "And the Biden administration has the benefit of looking back at what was done well and what wasn’t and making the appropriate corrective changes. Hindsight is 20/20."  Overall, there are questions around whether the Trump administration could have acted more quickly to buy doses or increase vaccine manufacturing capacity. And the Biden administration has certainly taken significant measures to expand supplies.  But it’s stretching the truth to say the Trump administration hadn’t contracted for enough Covid vaccines to inoculate the U.S. adult population.  Our ruling Biden said the Trump administration "had contracted for not nearly enough vaccine to cover adults in America." While Trump was still in office, his administration had agreements in place to buy 400 million doses of authorized vaccine, or enough to inoculate about 200 million people. That’s less than the U.S. adult population.  However, KHN/Politifact reviewed the Trump administration's Operation Warp Speed contracts, and found that those included enough vaccine doses that, once cleared for use by the FDA, could inoculate about 550 million people — more than double the U.S. adult population.  Biden’s statement contains an element of truth, but ignores facts that would give a different impression.  We rate this claim Mostly False.

Health Check,Coronavirus,Joe Biden

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Facebook posts

2021-03-03 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

In Aberdeen, Miss., “Massive 78% of mail-in ballots proved fraudulent, judge orders election do-over.”

Tom Kertscher

2021-03-05 00:00:00

mostly-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/mar/05/facebook-posts/judge-did-order-new-election-small-miss-city-after/

Judge did order new election in small Miss. city after finding ballot problems, evidence of fraud

Fallout from an election for alderman in Aberdeen, a Mississippi city of 5,000 described by the visitors bureau as "historically significant, architecturally magnificent," produced this headline on social media: "Massive 78% Of Mail-In Ballots Proved Fraudulent, Judge Orders Election Do-Over." Among those sharing the headline from the National Pulse website was its editor, Raheem Kassam. He is co-host of the War Room, a podcast led by Steve Bannon, a former Trump White House aide and strategist. The post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.) The headline leaves out where the fraud took place or what election they were talking about. If you saw only the headline, you might think it would involve the presidential election. (Kassam and the National Pulse have promoted claims of election fraud in the 2020 presidential election.)   If you clicked, you’d see the relevant details. A judge ordered a new election for Aberdeen’s alderman seat after finding that 66 of the 84 absentee ballots cast, or 78%, contained irregularities. The judge also found evidence of fraud by two people who notarized paperwork for absentee ballots and ordered one of them arrested. Original result quickly disputed A Democratic runoff election for Ward 1 alderman in Aberdeen was held June 16, 2020. Nicholas Holliday was officially declared the winner over Robert Devaull by 37 votes, 177-140, by the local Democratic Executive Committee.  Holliday in effect won the seat, because no independents or Republicans had filed to run in the July 6 general election. Devaull challenged the result, claiming numerous irregularities in the election, including that absentee ballots were improperly accepted or rejected.  But the executive committee upheld Holliday as the winner at a hearing on July 15. Devaull sued Holliday and the committee two days later.  The lawsuit alleged a number of election irregularities, including 60 absentee ballots that were counted that had not been properly filled out, and four absentee ballots that had similar errors but were rejected.  The lawsuit also alleged that then-Mayor Maurice Howard said during the executive committee hearing that he had "dismissed" some of the witnesses the committee had subpoenaed to appear at the hearing. Judge finds irregularities, evidence of fraud The Mississippi Supreme Court appointed Judge Jeff Weill of Hinds County to the case. A hearing was held before him and three members of the elections commission of Monroe County, where Aberdeen is the county seat, on Jan. 4 and 5. Weill issued a 64-page order on Feb. 26, ordering that a new election be held. No date was set. According to the ruling: Of the 66 absentee ballots that Weill found contained irregularities, 50 were wrongly accepted or wrongly rejected.  That included 35 that were accepted but should have been rejected and 15 that were rejected "seemingly arbitrarily," in that they appeared to have the same types of errors as the 35.  There were also irregularities in 16 of the 19 "challenged" ballots, all of which were absentee ballots, and they should have been rejected.  In many cases that had irregularities, a voter signed an absentee ballot application saying the reason for requesting an absentee ballot was that he or she was age 65 or over, or would be out of town on election day; but the witness part of the application indicated the reason was that the voter was disabled.  There were also other errors cited in the ruling, such as applications that did not state any reason for requesting the absentee ballot. Weill also issued an arrest warrant for Dallas Jones, saying "it distinctly appeared" she helped people vote absentee illegally "and conspired with unknown others to accomplish same."  The order noted that Jones initially testified that she was called by Ald. Lady Garth to Garth’s home to correct her father’s absentee ballot paperwork, and while there notarized "about 30-something ballots." But later, Jones testified that she had only handled the ballot of Garth’s father in Garth’s home. Jones also testified that she went to the homes of some voters, but either didn’t witness or didn’t recall if she witnessed them signing their absentee ballot applications. Lou Ela Hoskins C. Stephens, another woman who notarized absentee ballot paperwork, testified that she witnessed the signatures of each person whose paperwork she notarized, and that each of them are family members, but that she couldn’t remember the names of which family members they were. There is "significant evidence of fraud" by both women and the "unnamed co-conspirators with whom they coordinated their efforts," Weill wrote. Garth became Aberdeen’s acting mayor after Howard pleaded guilty on Feb. 1 to embezzlement by a public official, which resulted in his removal from office. The State Auditor’s Office charged Howard in October 2019 with claiming reimbursements from taxpayer funds for trips he never took. Our ruling A headline widely shared on Facebook stated: "Massive 78% of mail-in ballots proved fraudulent, judge orders election do-over." It wasn’t the election you might have been thinking about. A judge ordered a new election for an aldermanic seat in a small Mississippi city after ruling that 78% of the 84 absentee ballots cast for that seat contained irregularities. The judge also found "significant evidence of fraud" on the part of two people who notarized paperwork for absentee ballots and ordered one arrested. The sparse headline needs additional information, which is our definition of Mostly True.

Elections,Facebook Fact-checks,Facebook posts

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Karen Brinson Bell

2021-02-25 00:00:00

an appearance before a committee:

Says the NC elections board “did not change state law."

Paul Specht

2021-03-05 00:00:00

barely-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/mar/05/karen-brinson-bell/nc-elections-board-leader-downplays-rule-changes/

NC elections board leader downplays rule changes

In the 2020 general election, North Carolina voters were given more time to return absentee ballots than previously allowed under state law. The changes were controversial among some legislators, who inquired about them in a legislative committee meeting on Feb. 25. Karen Brinson Bell, the state election board’s director, attended the meeting to speak about future elections.  "How many of these lawsuits that you’re settling change state law?" a legislator asked in a video of the exchange.  Bell responded: "I think we may have a disagreement as to whether state law was actually changed by the settlement or not.  "If I take the perspective, and the board takes the perspective that they did not change state law, which is where we are, then we just abided by the settlement rules," she concluded. Conservatives in government and media quickly challenged Bell’s description of the events, raising a two-part question:  Did North Carolina’s election laws change for the 2020 election? And if so, was it the state elections board that changed them? To be clear, PolitiFact is not weighing in on whether the changes were good or bad, or whether they were constitutional or not — a source of legislative debate.  We’re here to review whether there were effective changes in the law.  Someone who heard Bell’s comments may think the elections board followed absentee ballot rules set by state lawmakers. That’s not the case. In a legal settlement, the state elections board enacted changes to absentee ballot rules that had been set in general statutes. Changes made Democracy North Carolina and the North Carolina Alliance for Retired Americans, left-leaning voting rights advocacy groups, sued the state elections board seeking voting rule changes that would help reduce the risk of contracting COVID-19. While the lawsuits raised several issues, the most controversial to come out of the settlement were: How long after Election Day would the board accept mail-in absentee ballots? Would absentee voters need someone to sign their ballot as a witness? Entering 2020, state law required mail-in absentee ballots to be signed by two witnesses and arrive no later than three days after Election Day to be counted. The GOP-led legislature later passed (and Democratic Gov. Roy Cooper signed) a law allowing mail-in ballots to be signed by a single witness during the 2020 election. After the lawsuit was settled, however, voters would have different rules for the 2020 election. Absentee ballots would be accepted up to nine days after Election Day, rather than three. Absentee ballots would still require a witness signature. However, voters who mailed an absentee ballot without the signature could rectify the situation by mailing an affidavit, signed only by themselves, to support the ballot’s veracity. Out of the 5.5 million ballots counted in last year’s election, the board says roughly 2,000 civilian absentee ballots arrived in those extra days between Nov. 7 and Nov. 12. (State law already allowed military and overseas ballots to be accepted if received nine days after the election.) The elections board, in a statement through spokesman Pat Gannon, argued that the distinction between laws and rules is key. While absentee ballot rules are outlined in state law, the board says state law also grants Bell and the board emergency powers.  The board compared the change in rules to an extension in voting hours at a polling site, a common occurrence when disruptions delay voting operations. "That’s not a change to the law. It’s following the law to temporarily change a process to ensure that people can vote, despite the obstacles," the board said through Gannon.  J. Michael Bitzer, chair of the politics department at Catawba College, said he found the comparison to be "a bit of a stretch." State law specifically says the board is allowed to extend voting hours if polling operations are interrupted. When considering changes for the 2020 election, the Republican legislative majority made it clear the witness requirement was important. Legislators also specifically rejected a proposal to further lengthen the absentee ballot arrival deadline during negotiations on the bill. So, while the legal settlement didn’t amend North Carolina’s laws for the long term, the voting rules effectively deviated from specific laws. "Whether the BOE was authorized to make the changes, whether the changes were made for good reason, and whether the changes were temporary or permanent does not negate the fact that changes were made," Greg Wallace, a constitutional law professor at Campbell University’s Norman Adrian Wiggins School of Law, told PolitiFact. "An authorized, reasonable, and temporary change is still a change." How it happened Now we’ll address the other question at-hand: What role did the state elections board play in those rules changing? After months of litigation, the elections board announced on Sept. 22 that it had agreed to a settlement with the plaintiffs to move forward with the aforementioned absentee rule changes and asked the courts to approve the agreement in a joint motion. While awaiting the court’s blessing, the state board sent county boards new guidance that reflected the settlement details. Though Republican legislative leaders are mentioned alongside the elections board as defendants in the lawsuit, they said they weren’t involved in the settlement negotiations and didn’t agree with them. The board had two Republican members who voted for the agreement, then they later resigned saying they didn’t understand the terms of the deal. Republicans are quick to point out the deal was struck between a majority-Democratic elections board, plaintiffs represented by prominent Democratic elections lawyer Marc Elias, and Democratic Attorney General Josh Stein, whose office defended the settlement terms in court. It’s fair to say the board is one of four major players, along with the plaintiffs, attorney general and the courts.  Judicial opinions The legal battle went all the way to the U.S. Supreme Court, which declined to intervene in the case after a 5-3 vote. Republicans have pointed out that a couple of federal judges admonished the state board for its settlement.  In an Oct. 14 order, U.S. District Judge William Osteen said he believed the board’s changes could result in unequal treatment of voters. However, he said legal precedent restricts court intervention in cases with fast-approaching elections. North Carolina began issuing absentee ballots to voters on Sept. 4. Gannon, the board spokesman, pointed out that North Carolina’s appellate courts declined to overrule the conclusions from the state court judge presiding over the case at issue. The state court judge, Gannon added, ruled that the settlement was in compliance with state law. Still, without the board’s vote, the rules wouldn’t have changed at all.  "The SBE bears sole responsibility for the settlement on the defendant side because it was the only entity that could give the plaintiffs the relief they sought," said Wallace, the law professor. Our ruling Bell said the North Carolina elections board "did not change state law" as it pertained to the 2020 election. The board says it was within its legal powers to strike a deal implementing absentee ballot rules that deviated from specific laws set in general statutes. Regardless of who has the power, the election rules were effectively changed, and the board played a major role. Bell’s statement contains an element of truth but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. We rate it Mostly False.

Elections,North Carolina,Coronavirus,Karen Brinson Bell

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Mike Pence

2021-03-03 00:00:00

Daily Signal op ed:

The voting bill known as H.R. 1 would mean “that millions of illegal immigrants are quickly registered to vote."

Amy Sherman

2021-03-05 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/mar/05/mike-pence/pence-falsely-says-if-hr-1-passes-millions-people-/

Pence falsely says if HR 1 passes, millions of people in US illegally will be registered to vote

Former Vice President Mike Pence attacked the Democrats’ bill to expand voting rights in a recent op-ed, saying H.R. 1 would open the door to more votes cast by people who live in the U.S. without permission. Pence wrote that he shared concerns about the "integrity of the 2020 election" — although dozens of courts have upheld the results for President Joe Biden, without finding evidence of voter fraud. He lamented that Democrats in Congress were seeking to brazenly "nationalize" elections with H.R. 1, which passed the House March 3. "The bill would force states to adopt universal mail-in ballots, early voting, same-day voter registration, online voter registration, and automatic voter registration for any individual listed in state and federal government databases, such as the Department of Motor Vehicles and welfare offices, ensuring duplicate registrations and that millions of illegal immigrants are quickly registered to vote," he wrote in The Daily Signal, a publication of the conservative Heritage Foundation where Pence is a fellow. In this fact-check, we wanted to review Pence’s statement that H.R. 1 would result in registering millions of immigrants who are in the country illegally or other ineligible noncitizens. (We rated his claim about "universal mail-in ballots" False.) Our reporting found that Pence used flawed logic to make his claim, and he ignored steps offered in H.R. 1 to ensure legal registrations by eligible citizens. Voters would continue to attest to their eligibility, including citizenship, when they register to vote. The penalties for a noncitizen who votes or registers to vote can include deportation, incarceration or fines. "This is the law in the United States and in every state, and H.R. 1 does nothing to alter that," said David Becker, executive director of the Center for Election Innovation & Research executive director and founder. "These laws have been very successful in minimizing noncitizens on the lists, and ensuring that only eligible citizens are registered and voting."  H.R. 1 doesn’t change the legal requirement that only citizens register H.R. 1 does not change federal law, which states that only eligible citizens can vote in federal elections. The goal of the legislation is to make it easier for eligible citizens to register. While some noncitizens have ended up on voter registration lists, often in error, voting by noncitizens is statistically rare. For example, Pennsylvania officials a few years ago said they found potentially 544 ballots cast by noncitizens in elections dating back to 2000 — out of 93 million ballots cast. That worked out to about 1 out of every 172,000 ballots. When we contacted the Heritage Foundation to ask for Pence’s evidence, a spokesperson pointed to provisions about automatic voter registration in the bill. They said that under H.R. 1, government agencies would forward information about people who wanted to register to election officials without knowing their citizenship status. But experts on election law dismissed Pence’s warning that "millions" of ineligible immigrants would be immediately added to the voter rolls. "Nothing in H.R. 1’s provisions results in undocumented immigrants being ‘quickly registered to vote,’" said Matthew Weil, an election expert at the Bipartisan Policy Center. Under the bill, a person interacting with a government office — such as the motor-vehicles department or public-assistance agency — would have their information forwarded to election officials for registration purposes unless they "opt out." Some states already offer the opt-out process for voter registration, and others require applicants to opt in. This section of H.R. 1 explicitly states that the purpose is to enable governments "to register all eligible citizens to vote." It goes on to say that government offices are to share voter-registration information only with eligible citizens. If the agency doesn’t know a person’s citizenship status, it would would direct them to a registration form where they would attest to their citizenship, as required by the National Voter Registration Act. It’s still up to a local election agency to determine whether the applicant is eligible to register to vote. Many of the government agencies that would be involved in the process already verify citizenship and would be able to filter out noncitizens, said Danielle Lang, a voting expert at the Campaign Legal Center.   "All of these voter registration options are already available in many states — both red and blue — and there is no evidence that they lead to significant numbers of noncitizens becoming registered to vote," Lang said. The Heritage Foundation spokesperson pointed to another provision in H.R. 1, which states that ineligible immigrants who are registered in error can’t be prosecuted or face adverse consequences related to their immigration status. But a person could still face prosecution if they lied during registration about their citizenship status, Lang said. Our ruling Pence said H.R. 1 would mean "that millions of illegal immigrants are quickly registered to vote."  The bill does not permit voting by noncitizens in U.S. elections, whether they’re in the country legally or not. Pence was referring to a provision that would require automatic voter registration for people using services at government agencies. But that section says government agencies would pass along a person’s information for voter registration only if they are citizens. People would still be attesting that they are eligible to vote, with penalties for lying, and it would still be up to election officials to verify eligibility. The goal of the bill is to register eligible citizens. Pence’s warning that "millions" of ineligible noncitizens would be quickly added to the rolls is unsupported. We rate this statement False. PolitiFact senior correspondent Louis Jacobson contributed to this report. RELATED: Mike Pence is wrong that HR 1 forces states to shift to universal mail balloting RELATED: Trump misleads about HR 1 and voter registration for welfare recipients RELATED: Do states verify citizenship of voters in federal elections? RELATED: No, House Democrats did not vote to allow noncitizens to vote as part of HR 1

Immigration,Congress,Elections,Mike Pence

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Charlie Kirk

2021-03-04 00:00:00

a radio show segment:

H.R. 1 “would allow the Boston bomber to have a right to vote.”

Bill McCarthy

2021-03-05 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/mar/05/charlie-kirk/no-hr-1-would-not-allow-boston-marathon-bomber-vot/

No, HR 1 would not allow the Boston Marathon bomber to vote from prison

Turning Point USA founder Charlie Kirk falsely claimed that the sweeping voting and elections bill House Democrats passed would put a ballot in the Boston Marathon bomber’s hands. "They should really rename this bill to the ‘Boston bomber bill,’" Kirk said March 4 on his radio show. "Because this bill would allow the Boston bomber to have a right to vote." That’s inaccurate. The For the People Act, or H.R. 1, combines proposals for voter registration, absentee voting, in-person voting, campaign finance and ethics related to federal elections.  The bill passed the House on March 3, and it is expected to face Republican opposition in the Senate. It comes as GOP-led statehouses across the country are pushing voting restrictions based in part on false claims of voter fraud in the 2020 election. The proposed legislation would restore federal voting rights for felons only once they’ve been released from incarceration. The text of the bill specifically says a citizen who has been convicted of a crime should be allowed to vote "unless such individual is serving a felony sentence in a correctional institution or facility at the time of the election." Kirk’s claim refers to Dzhokhar Tsarnaev, who with his brother set off two pressure cooker bombs near the finish line of the Boston Marathon in 2013, killing three people and injuring hundreds.  Visitors pause at a makeshift memorial in Boston's Copley Square for victims of the Boston Marathon bombings, April 27, 2013. (AP) Tsarnaev is serving a life sentence at a maximum-security facility in Colorado, after a federal appeals court threw out the death penalty in a decision that has since been appealed to the U.S. Supreme Court. As long as he’s in prison on the felony conviction, he would not be allowed to vote. "Under H.R. 1, rights restoration is effective upon leaving prison," said Danielle Lang, co-director of voting rights and redistricting at the Campaign Legal Center, which supports the bill.  A spokesperson for Kirk acknowledged the error and told PolitiFact that Kirk misread a show note sent from one of his producers during the broadcast. "While H.R. 1 does vastly expand the voting rights for convicted felons who have been released from prison, if passed, it would not provide current inmates the right to vote," the spokesperson said in a statement, adding that some progressives, such as Sen. Bernie Sanders of Vermont, have advocated for allowing inmates to vote. In 18 states, including Massachusetts and Colorado, felons lose their voting rights while they are incarcerated but have them automatically restored upon release, according to the National Conference of State Legislatures. In 19 more states, felons regain voting rights after completing parole or probation, and sometimes after paying outstanding fines or fees.  In Maine, Vermont and Washington, D.C, felons never lose the right to vote.  "Massachusetts citizens who are incarcerated for a felony conviction are not able to register to vote or vote," said Debra O’Malley, a spokesperson for Massachusetts Secretary of the Commonwealth William Francis Galvin. "Upon release from incarceration in a correctional facility, these citizens may register to vote again and vote as any other citizen would." The text of H.R. 1 appears to align with the Massachusetts Constitution, so there would be no changes to felon voting rights in the state if it became law, O’Malley said. Our ruling Kirk said H.R. 1 "would allow the Boston bomber to have a right to vote." That’s wrong. The proposed legislation would restore federal voting rights for felons only once they’ve completed their sentence and been released from incarceration. Tsarnaev, the convicted bomber, is serving a life sentence in prison.  In Massachusetts and several other states, voting rights for felons are already restored when they’re released.  We rate this claim False.

Congress,Criminal Justice,Elections,Pundits,PunditFact,Charlie Kirk

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Melissa Agard

2021-02-10 00:00:00

Twitter:

"Youth usage of marijuana has actually gone down in states that have fully legalized.”

Madeline Heim

2021-03-05 00:00:00

half-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/mar/05/melissa-agard/wisconsin-democratic-lawmaker-overstates-youth-mar/

Wisconsin Democratic lawmaker overstates youth marijuana claim

Wisconsin’s Republican lawmakers may have made clear that Gov. Tony Evers’ plan to legalize marijuana in the next state budget will go up in smoke, but state Sen. Melissa Agard, D-Madison, isn’t backing down.  Agard has pushed the state for years to legalize the drug for both medicinal and recreational purposes, a proposal that garnered little traction under former Gov. Scott Walker and the Republican-controlled Legislature.  Today, though, the dynamic is different. Legalization could generate $166 million in revenue that could help fund rural schools and programs for communities that have been disproportionately affected by past marijuana laws, Evers said when he announced the plan.  Wisconsin is one of just 14 states that has not legalized marijuana in some form. Fifteen states have legalized recreational marijuana over the past few years, including neighboring Illinois and Michigan, and Minnesota lawmakers have introduced a bill that would do the same.  Public support of the idea is also growing in Wisconsin. A 2019 Marquette University Law School poll found 59% of Wisconsin voters backed legalization for recreational purposes, and 83% backed it for medicinal purposes.  Still, Republican leaders of the Legislature’s budget committee wasted little time in shooting down the proposal. Though Sen. Howard Marklein, R-Spring Green, said he believed it was "too big" to be inserted into the state budget, Sen Chris Kapenga, R-Delafield, worried about health effects of the drug on kids who choose to use it.  We rated Kapenga's claim linking youth marijuana use and psychological disorders True. But Agard jumped in to make another point:  "Youth usage of marijuana has actually gone down in states that have fully legalized," she tweeted back.  It’s an important claim, because those opposed to legalization often claim that the move will cause a dramatic uptick in teens smoking pot. But is it correct?  Let’s take a look.  Study says legalization may cause a decrease, but results aren’t as definitive as Agard asserts Along with her statement, Agard tweeted a link to an analysis on marijuana laws and teen use of the drug from JAMA Pediatrics, a peer-reviewed journal published by the American Medical Association.  The analysis, published July 8, 2019, pooled data from each state’s Youth Risk Behavior Survey from 1993 to 2017 to examine the association between legalization and teen marijuana use.  Averaging the survey data from seven states that passed recreational marijuana laws from 2012 to 2017 — Alaska, California, Colorado, Maine, Massachusetts, Nevada and Washington — researchers found an 8% decrease in the likelihood of youth marijuana use and a 9% decrease in the likelihood of frequent marijuana use among youth after such laws were passed. "We interpreted our results as consistent with the argument that it is more difficult for teens to obtain marijuana as drug dealers are replaced by licensed dispensaries that require proof of age," study author D. Mark Anderson, an associate professor of economics at Montana State University, told PolitiFact Wisconsin in an email.  In some states, recreational sales did not begin until a few years after legalization, so the researchers repeated their analysis based on those dates and got similar results, Anderson said.  A caveat of the analysis is that it uses an average — and when looking at states’ raw data from the survey, results are more mixed.  For example, in Colorado, there have been no significant changes in current marijuana use among high school students since 2005, according to its Healthy Kids Colorado Survey data. In 2013, a year after the state legalized the drug, 19.7% of high school students had used marijuana in the past 30 days; in 2019, 20.6% had.  Alaska’s state survey also reported no significant changes in current youth marijuana use since the drug was legalized in 2015 and sales began in 2016.  And in Oregon, which legalized in 2014, current marjiuana use fell among 8th graders after recreational sales began, but rose among 11th graders, data from the state’s 2017 youth survey found. In the 2019 survey, current marijuana use had risen among 8th graders but fallen among 11th graders. It’s also important to note that the Youth Risk Behavior Survey is just one type of study. Though one set of Washington state data, from the Washington Healthy Youth Survey, found that marijuana use in that state did decrease among the state’s 8th and 10th graders after legalization for recreational purposes in 2012, other studies cited in the JAMA analysis did not reach the same conclusion. For instance, a study using data from the Monitoring the Future survey, which assesses drug and alcohol use among youth across the U.S., found a statistically significant increase in marijuana use among 10th graders in Washington after legalization for recreational use.  Some say the Monitoring the Future data has too much year-to-year volatility to encapsulate marijuana policy changes — but it’s clear that more review will be needed to fully understand the effects of recreational marijuana laws on youth use.  The full effects of marijuana legalization won’t be seen until a generation after national legalization, which still has not happened yet, Jonathan Caulkins, a public policy professor at Carnegie Mellon University and former co-director of RAND’s Drug Policy Research Center, told PolitiFact Illinois about a similar claim from an Illinois state representative.  Our rating  Agard said youth marijuana use has declined in states that have fully legalized the drug for both medicinal and recreational purposes.  The JAMA analysis she cited did bear that out, although it has its caveats — when looking at individual states’ data, some that legalized the drug years ago have not seen any meaningful change in youth use. Meanwhile, at least one study found the reverse — an increase in use. Experts say it will be many years before what Agard claimed can be said with certainty.  We rate her claim Half True. 

Children,Drugs,Public Health,Marijuana,Wisconsin,Melissa Agard

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Energy Transfer

2021-02-26 00:00:00

testimony:

“Pipelines do not freeze. They are naturally insulated. They’re buried beneath the ground.”

Brandon Mulder

2021-03-05 00:00:00

true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/mar/05/energy-transfer/gas-pipelines-didnt-freeze-during-texas-winter-sto/

Gas pipelines didn't freeze during Texas' winter storm

A week after last month’s deadly failure of the electric grid amid historically cold weather, state lawmakers sought answers from grid operators, energy regulators and oil and gas industry executives.   On Feb. 26, during the second and final day of hearings, lawmakers heard from Grant Ruckel, senior director of government affairs for Energy Transfer — one of the largest pipeline companies in the U.S.   Ruckel was asked about gas pipelines and their role in hampering the gas-fired power plants that struggled to generate electricity at optimal levels during the worst of the storms.   "Just to be clear, you didn’t have pipelines that froze up — right?" asked state Rep. Chris Paddie, R-Marshall, chairman of the House State Affairs Committee who has received $3,000 from Energy Transfer’s political action committee. "Pipelines do not freeze," Ruckel said. "They are naturally insulated. They’re buried beneath the ground."  His response contradicts what others have said about how natural gas infrastructure faltered during Texas’ winter storm. Grid operators said last month that problems occurred up and down the natural gas production and delivery system — from frozen wellheads to frozen gas-fired power plants.   And Gov. Greg Abbott repeated those claims during a televised interview with WFAA-TV, the ABC affiliate in Dallas, on Feb. 16.  "My team has been talking to all the natural gas producers and suppliers in the state of Texas all afternoon to accelerate the process of their ability to get (gas)," Abbott said. "Their answer is: ‘It's just frozen right now. It's frozen in the pipeline. It's frozen at the rig. It's frozen at the transmission line.’"  Did gas pipelines freeze during Texas historic winter storm? As with many things in the energy sectors, the answer to this question is tangled in technical complexity.  Natural gas doesn’t freeze  Oil and gas pipeline experts all agree that even the sustained freezing temperatures Texas experienced last month couldn’t freeze gas in pipelines the same way water would. For instance, to turn methane — a fuel commonly used to power gas-fired electricity plants — from a gas to a liquid state would require temperatures around negative 83 degrees Celsius. The process of freezing natural gasses to a liquid state using cryogenics is common for transporting gas products in large tankers, experts said.  "To take it as literal, that natural gas is frozen in the pipelines, would require temperatures that I don't think have ever been found on the surface of this earth, outside of a cryogenic process," said Tony Scott, managing director of analytics at the industry research group BTU Analytics.  "It’s just a misunderstanding of the system," said Chuck Fontenot, vice president of operations at WSP USA, an energy management and consultancy firm whose clients have included Energy Transfer. "As a rule, natural gas does not freeze."  It’s also true that natural gas pipelines are required to be buried underground by the U.S. Department of Transportation, and all of Energy Transfer’s 43,500 miles of Texas pipeline meet the U.S. Department of Transportation’s minimum depth standard of 3 feet, the company said.  Although this depth requirement is primarily meant to protect pipelines from damage or interference incurred from agriculture or digging, burying pipelines can serve a dual purpose of keeping temperatures stable. In many northern states, pipeline companies bury pipelines well below the federal minimum standard to dip below frozen ground.   "Certain companies can choose to do even more for their use," Fontenot said. "Up north they bury pipelines deeper in areas that stay frozen for months on end because the ground stays frozen down to a point. It kind of depends on where you are and where that typical frost depth is. This could be up to 6 feet in the northern U.S."  An Energy Transfer spokesperson asserted that the company’s pipeline in Texas "never stopped operating" during the winter storm. But that doesn’t mean the storm spared mid-stream natural gas infrastructure from harm.  Mid-stream systems, the infrastructure that carries fuels from upstream oil wells to downstream refineries and power plants, include several stages that were compromised by Texas’ winter storm.   After natural gas is separated from the oil and water that are co-mingled in the stream flowing out of an oil well, the gas enters a processing plant where the natural gas is again divided into propane and methane, which is sent on to power plants.  But because many of these processing plants run on electricity and were also cut off from power, they struggled to supply the power plants with enough gas to produce electricity.   "You end up in this very cyclical feedback where everyone’s out at the same time and they all need the other to get restored," said Scott. "That's the cascading loop of failures when you have such cold temperatures in an area that's just not prepared."  The sustained freezing temperatures hampered natural gas primarily in the upstream sector. Upstream producers in the fields struggled with things like frozen wellheads and icy roads that prevented trucks from servicing well sites.   Natural gas production in Texas fell from around 21 billion cubic feet of gas to less than 14 billion, and gas moving from more than two dozen West Texas processing plants to pipelines fell by 85%, according to the energy consulting firm Wood Mackenzie.  Our ruling  A pipeline company executive testified before a legislative panel last week and pushed back on claims that pipeline infrastructure froze during Texas winter storm. Ruckel said that pipelines don’t freeze because they are "naturally insulated" by being buried underground.   Gas pipelines are required to be buried underground by the U.S. Department of Transportation, although the purpose of burial is more for protection than insulation from winter weather.   It’s also accurate that natural gas itself doesn’t freeze, and only reaches a liquid state under a cryogenic process. We rate this claim True.

Climate Change,Energy,Texas,Energy Transfer

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Chris Kapenga

2021-02-10 00:00:00

Twitter:

“The National Academy of Medicine points to a significant correlation between marijuana and psychosis, schizophrenia, and other psychotic disorders, particularly in teenagers where the risk of developing schizophrenia increases three fold.”

Haley BeMiller

2021-03-05 00:00:00

true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/mar/05/chris-kapanga/yes-marijuana-can-increase-risk-schizophrenia-and-/

Yes, marijuana can increase the risk of schizophrenia and psychotic disorders

The debate over marijuana has lit up in Wisconsin. Gov. Tony Evers proposed legalizing recreational and medical marijuana in the 2021-23 state budget he unveiled in February. He contends the move would ensure safe products are available to users while providing a new source of revenue for rural schools and programs for marginalized communities.  Wisconsin is in a minority of states that haven’t legalized the drug for medical or recreational use. Republicans are likely to knock down Evers’ proposal after rejecting similar efforts in the previous state budget, though some may be open to medical marijuana. One GOP senator has already made clear why he won’t support legalization. "The National Academy of Medicine points to a significant correlation between marijuana and psychosis, schizophrenia, and other psychotic disorders, particularly in teenagers where the risk of developing schizophrenia increases three fold," state Sen. Chris Kapenga, R-Delafield, said in a Feb. 10, 2021 tweet. In response to Kapenga's claim, state Sen. Melissa Agard tweeted "Youth usage of marijuana has actually gone down in states that have fully legalized." We rated Agard's claim Half True. There’s a lot to unpack here. Let’s dig in to Kapenga's claim.  Marijuana and psychotic disorders First, a programming note: Marijuana has many purported impacts on health. Kapenga’s claim focused on schizophrenia and psychotic disorders, so that’s what we’ll address here. When asked for evidence to support his claim, the senator cited several articles that examined the relationship between marijuana and psychotic disorders. According to a definition from the National Institute of Mental Health, people experiencing psychosis have lost some contact with reality and can endure hallucinations or delusions.   We’ll start with the research Kapenga referenced in his tweet.  The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine created a committee to examine scientific literature on the health effects of marijuana, both positive and negative. The resulting 2017 report found "substantial evidence" that marijuana use can increase the risk of developing schizophrenia or other psychotic disorders, with the risk increasing among frequent users. On the other end of the spectrum, researchers indicated that people with schizophrenia or other psychoses and a history of marijuana use may perform better on cognitive learning and memory tasks. The findings in the National Academies report are cited by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. And a separate 2019 study in Europe found the odds of a psychotic disorder increased among daily marijuana users, particularly among those using strains with a higher THC content. (THC is the compound that produces a high.) So, Kapenga is right that a correlation exists between marijuana and psychosis — though it’s worth emphasizing that the chances are greater if you use it often.  Impact on youth What about the impact on teenagers? The National Academies report doesn’t directly discuss this aspect of the issue, as Kapenga’s tweet suggests. But he did cite a 2002 study in New Zealand that found "a tenth of the cannabis users by age 15 in our sample developed schizophreniform disorder by age 26 compared with 3% of the remaining cohort." That translates to more than 3 times the cases in early marijuana users.  According to another study, 15 and 16 year olds who tried marijuana were more likely to exhibit three or more early symptoms of psychosis, even when reachers controlled for previous behavioral symptoms.  Overall, researchers believe people who smoke marijuana regularly before age 14 have a 2 to 3 times greater risk of developing schizophrenia or a psychotic disorder, said Daniel Yohanna, an associate professor of psychiatry at the University of Chicago. That figure aligns with what Kapenga referenced in his tweet.  "We think that the earlier you smoke and the more you smoke, other factors being controlled for, you have an increased risk of developing schizophrenia," Yohanna said.  Our ruling In a tweet, Kapenga said "the National Academy of Medicine points to a significant correlation between marijuana and psychosis, schizophrenia, and other psychotic disorders, particularly in teenagers where the risk of developing schizophrenia increases three fold." There’s extensive research that shows marijuana can lead to psychotic disorders like schizophrenia, particularly if people start using it as children or teenagers. That said, the risk is greatest among frequent users — not those who occasionally light up at a party.  We rate Kapenga’s claim True.     

Children,Drugs,Public Health,Marijuana,Wisconsin,Chris Kapenga

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Facebook posts

2021-03-03 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

“Biden took down Dr. Seuss and Mr. Potato Head.”

Samantha Putterman

2021-03-05 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/mar/05/facebook-posts/biden-wasnt-involved-dr-seuss-or-mr-potato-head-ch/

Biden wasn’t involved in Dr. Seuss or Mr. Potato Head changes. They reflect company decisions

First, the Mr. Potato Head toy dropped the honorific from its name. Then, news broke that Dr. Seuss Enterprises would pull six of the famed children’s author’s books from publication. According to some claims on social media, there was only one person to blame: The new president of the United States. "Trump took down ISIS," read a viral post on Facebook. "Biden took down Dr. Seuss and Mr. Potato Head." The post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.) President Joe Biden was not involved in the business decisions affecting these two classic children’s icons. Both Dr. Seuss Enterprises and Hasbro made internal decisions about their products on their own. Dr. Seuss Dr. Seuss Enterprises announced on March 2, the author’s birthday, that it would stop publishing and licensing six Dr. Seuss books that have been criticized for how they depict Black and Asian people. About three dozen titles from the author will remain on bookshelves, including the popular "Cat in the Hat," "Green Eggs and Ham," "The Lorax" and "How the Grinch Stole Christmas!"  The company said it decided in 2020 to remove the six titles. "Dr. Seuss Enterprises, working with a panel of experts, including educators, reviewed our catalog of titles and made the decision last year to cease publication and licensing of the following titles: ‘And to Think That I Saw It on Mulberry Street,’ ‘If I Ran the Zoo,’ ‘McElligot’s Pool,’ ‘On Beyond Zebra!’, ‘Scrambled Eggs Super!’, and ‘The Cat’s Quizzer’." "These books portray people in ways that are hurtful and wrong," the company added. For example, in "If I Ran the Zoo" men said to be from Africa are shown shirtless, shoeless, wearing grass skirts as they carry an animal. Another page shows men of Asian descent carrying a caged animal on their heads. The text beneath the characters describes them as "helpers who all wear their eyes at a slant" from "countries no one can spell." March 2 also marks National Reading Across America Day, which was established in 1998 by the National Education Association to encourage reading among children and teenagers.  The event is billed as the nation's biggest celebration of reading, with an estimated 45 million participants. Schools nationwide traditionally hold read-aloud celebrations featuring Dr. Seuss books and characters. In 2017, however, the NEA said it would begin shifting its focus toward a year-round promotion of diverse children’s books. "Kids need books that are as diverse and complex as the society in which we live," an NEA spokesperson told PolitiFact in an email. "NEA’s Read Across America has evolved since its inception 23 years ago. In 2018, the literacy program not only continued to emphasize the joy, fun, and adventure of reading but we shifted to focus on celebrating a nation of diverse readers by featuring books in which all students can see themselves." In 2021’s Read Across America presidential proclamation March 1, Biden broke precedent with two previous administrations when he left out Dr. Seuss’s name. But Biden himself was not involved in the decision to remove the Seuss titles from publication or the plan to de-emphasize the author in the national reading celebration. The shift has been years in the making, and the organization has made multiple announcements about its new mission. Mr. Potato Head Hasbro announced on Feb. 25 that it was rebranding its Mr. Potato Head toy by dropping the "Mr." from the product name. The company said it will retain the Mr. and Mrs. Potato Head characters and plans to release a "create your potato head family" toy set in fall 2021.  The company faced a backlash online over the change, and it clarified on Twitter that it would continue to sell the original toys. The difference is that the brand name and new family sets will be gender-neutral in order to promote more inclusivity. Hasbro released images of the sets, which portray different kinds of families including ones with two moms, two dads, as well as the traditional Mr. and Mrs. Potato Head couple.  The Biden administration was not involved in Hasbro’s decision or announcement. Our ruling Facebook posts claim that Biden "took down" Dr. Seuss and Mr. Potato Head. This isn’t accurate. Announcements by Dr. Seuss Enterprises and Hasbro reflect internal company decisions. Biden wasn’t involved. Neither has been "taken down" by the president of the United States. Hasbro said that Mr. Potato Head will continue to be sold, and more than three dozen Dr. Seuss books remain in circulation. Efforts to move away from tying Seuss to National Read Across America Day preceded Biden’s time in office, as did the company’s decision to discontinue some titles.  This post is False. 

Children,Facebook Fact-checks,Facebook posts

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Viral image

2021-03-01 00:00:00

post on Facebook:

Says 5-year-olds can “take hormones and change my sex.”

Monique Curet

2021-03-05 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/mar/05/viral-image/no-young-children-cannot-take-hormones-or-change-t/

No, young children cannot take hormones or change their sex

Misinformation about medical treatments for transgender patients has proliferated in recent weeks, as a spate of events brought transgender rights into the spotlight. The social media backlash was swift following executive actions from President Joe Biden to expand transgender rights, his nomination of a transgender woman for assistant health secretary and the U.S. House of Representatives’ passing of the Equality Act to prohibit discrimation based on sexual orientation and gender identity.  One Facebook post features an image of a father and son from the comic strip "The Family Circus," with text that reads, "Can I have a cigarette? No, you’re 5. Can I have a beer? No, you’re 5. Can I drive the car? No, you’re 5. Can I take hormones and change my sex? Sure! You know best."  (Screenshot from Facebook)   The post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.)   The claim is unsubstantiated. Professional organizations such as the Endocrine Society recommend against puberty blockers for children who have not reached puberty, and recommend that patients be at least 16 years old before beginning hormone treatments for feminization or masculinization of the body. The last step in transitioning to another gender, gender reassignment surgery, is only available to those 18 and older in the United States. The onset of puberty is the baseline for medical intervention. Puberty typically occurs between ages 10 and 14 for girls and 12 and 16 for boys.  Guidelines for the medical care of transgender patients, developed by organizations such as the Endocrine Society and the World Professional Association for Transgender Health, begin with counseling and psychological evaluation by a team of medical professionals before any physical interventions are considered.  If patients have begun to go through puberty, and they have "demonstrated a long-lasting and intense pattern of gender nonconformity or gender dysphoria," then treatments such as puberty blockers can be considered, according to the standards of care for transgender people by the World Professional Association for Transgender Health. Gender dysphoria refers to distress people may experience as a result of the discrepancy between their gender identity and the sex assigned to them at birth. Puberty blockers, which suppress the release of testosterone and estrogen during puberty, allow adolescents "more time to explore their gender nonconformity and other developmental issues," and can be used for a few years, the standards of care say. One guideline for giving the medication says parents or guardians must consent to the treatment and also provide support to the youth during the process.  If a patient decides to continue transitioning, hormone therapy for feminization or masculinization of the body can follow the use of puberty blockers. But, again, the Endocrine Society’s guidelines say patients should be at least 16 years old to receive hormone treatment, which is partly irreversible. Many hospitals, such as the Duke Health Center for Gender Care for Children and Adolescents, will only offer hormone replacement therapies for adolescents 16 or older. The World Professional Association for Transgender Health reports that gender dysphoria in childhood "does not inevitably continue into adulthood." One study showed that children who had not yet reached puberty who were referred to clinics for assessment of gender dysphoria had a 12% to 27% persistence rate of gender dysphoria into adulthood.  By comparison, adolescents with gender dysphoria are much more likely to have it persist into adulthood, the association reports, though no formal studies have been conducted for adolescents. Our ruling  A cartoon on Facebook implies that a child who is 5 can "take hormones and change my sex."  The information is unsubstantiated. The guidelines for the medical care of transgender patients, developed by organizations such as the Endocrine Society and the World Professional Association for Transgender Health, do not recommend puberty blockers for children who have not reached puberty; do not recommend hormone treatment for those under 16 years old; and typically restrict genital reassignment surgery to those 18 and older, who also meet other criteria.  We rate this claim False. RELATED: What the Equality Act debate gets wrong about gender, sex RELATED:  Rachel Levine does not support gender confirmation surgery for all children  

Health Care,Sexuality,Facebook Fact-checks,Viral image

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Mike Pence

2021-03-03 00:00:00

an op-ed

The voting bill known as H.R. 1 "would force states to adopt universal mail-in ballots.”

Louis Jacobson

2021-03-04 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/mar/04/mike-pence/mike-pence-wrong-hr-1-forces-states-shift-universa/

Mike Pence is wrong that HR 1 forces states to shift to universal mail balloting

As a Democratic-backed bill on elections and voting worked its way through Congress, former Vice President Mike Pence wrote an op-ed critical of the measure. H.R. 1 combines proposals for voter registration, absentee voting, in-person voting, campaign finance and ethics related to federal elections. The House passed the bill on March 3, largely along party lines. On the same day, Pence raised multiple objections to the bill in a column that appeared in the Daily Signal, a publication of the conservative Heritage Foundation. The one we will check here is that "the bill would force states to adopt universal mail-in ballots." That’s not what the bill would do. The bill’s focus is on lifting state restrictions on voters who voluntarily choose to cast their ballot by mail. Put simply, it merely requires states to give everyone access to voting by mail if they want to use it. "Every state already uses some form of mail-in ballot," said Matthew Weil, director of the elections project at the Bipartisan Policy Center. "The differences among states right now revolve around how many voters qualify to use them." Voting experts told PolitiFact that Pence’s phrase, "universal mail-in balloting," isn’t a commonly used term. The term "all-mail elections" is more common. This system is currently used in Colorado, Hawaii, Oregon, Washington state, and Utah. California recently moved to extend this policy temporarily. Other states that used this process for 2020 during the coronavirus pandemic have not extended it permanently. In all-mail elections, ballots are automatically mailed to every registered voter. "The voter marks the ballot, puts it in a secrecy envelope or sleeve and then into a separate mailing envelope, signs an affidavit on the exterior of the mailing envelope, and returns the package via mail or by dropping it off," according to the National Conference of State Legislatures. Some of the all-mail election states offer an in-person alternative for voting as well, but they are used far less frequently than the mail ballots. This isn’t the only way to conduct mail voting. In many states, any qualified voter may vote absentee without offering an excuse. In the remaining states, an excuse is required. Some states offer a permanent absentee-ballot list: voters who ask to be added to the list automatically receive an absentee ballot for future elections. What does H.R. 1 say about "all-mail elections"? Nothing in H.R. 1 or the amendments that passed the House forces states to adopt "universal mail-in ballots."  The law says that states cannot "impose any additional conditions or requirements" on an eligible voter’s ability to cast an absentee ballot by mail in federal elections. In addition, the bill nixes state laws requiring identification for mail ballots beyond a voter’s signature, including notarized statements. The bill allows states to set a "reasonable deadline" for requesting a mail ballot and returning it to elections officials. And it requires states to treat a mail-in ballot application for one election to stand as an application for all subsequent federal elections. We contacted the Heritage Foundation, where Pence is a distinguished visiting fellow, to ask for their supporting evidence.  They said the bill would enact the "essential equivalent" of all-mail voting by requiring states to send applications to receive an absentee ballot by mail to all registered voters and by setting a preference for absentee ballot as the permanent default for voters who choose to do so.  Experts disagree. "Nothing in H.R. 1 requires ‘universal mail-in ballots,’" under the definition used in Oregon, Washington, and the other states, Weil said. There’s no question that these H.R. 1 provisions do make demands on some states -- those that require an excuse to vote absentee, those that mandate voter identification beyond signatures for mail ballots, and those that don’t have the option of choosing permanent mail voting. But none of these provisions amount to "universal mail-in" voting. Under H.R. 1, states are not required to send everyone a mail ballot. Instead, the bill makes voting by mail an option, not compulsory.  One section of the bill — "Methods for Requesting Ballot" —  makes clear that such ballots aren’t required to be sent automatically to voters.  In addition, voting in person won’t be eliminated under H.R. 1, either early voting or on Election Day. The phrase "polling place" appears 82 times in the bill, and it includes a section that would require each state to offer in-person early voting.  "H.R. 1 requires early in-person and Election Day voting access," said Danielle Lang, co-director for voting rights and redistricting at the Campaign Legal Center. "It merely requires all Americans to have access to a vote by mail option if they want to use it." Our ruling Pence said H.R. 1 "would force states to adopt universal mail-in ballots." This is incorrect. H.R. 1 would not force every state to conduct elections almost entirely by mail, as several do now by sending ballots automatically to every registered voter.  Rather, the bill would ease the process of voting by mail for those who want to use it, by lifting rules that require an excuse to vote absentee and mandating proof of identification beyond a signature. It would not require anyone to stop using either early in-person voting or in-person voting on Election Day. We rate the statement False. PolitiFact reporter Amy Sherman contributed to this report.

Elections,Mike Pence

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Sherri Tenpenny

2021-02-09 00:00:00

a Bitchute video:

"Some people are going to die from the vaccine directly. But a large number of people are going to start getting horribly sick and get all kinds of autoimmune diseases."

Daniel Funke

2021-03-04 00:00:00

pants-fire

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/mar/04/sherri-tenpenny/covid-19-vaccine-does-not-cause-death-autoimmune-d/

COVID-19 vaccine does not cause death, autoimmune diseases

President Joe Biden says the U.S. will have enough coronavirus vaccines for all adults by the end of May. On social media, anti-vaccine advocates falsely say that effort could lead to autoimmune diseases and death. A Feb. 9 video features former Nevada City, Calif., Mayor Reinette Senum and Dr. Sherri Tenpenny, an osteopathic physician. Over the course of an hour, the two women characterize the coronavirus vaccine as "deadly" and a "bioweapon." The video was published on Bitchute, a video platform similar to YouTube, but one that researchers say hosts large amounts of hate speech and disinformation. A PolitiFact reader asked us to fact-check the video. One claim in particular stuck out: "Some people are going to die from the vaccine directly," Tenpenny said in the video, which has nearly 1 million views. "But a large number of people are going to start getting horribly sick and get all kinds of autoimmune diseases, 42 days to maybe a year out." The video was also flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.) It has been shared thousands of times on the platform — despite Facebook’s ban on anti-vaccine content. (Screenshot from Bitchute) Tenpenny is wrong. There is no evidence to suggest that the COVID-19 vaccines used in the U.S. cause autoimmune diseases or death. Tenpenny is a licensed osteopath based in suburban Cleveland and the author of "Saying No To Vaccines: A Resource Guide for All Ages." She runs an alternative health clinic and has previously said vaccines cause autism, a claim public health officials have debunked. Her Facebook page was removed in December for spreading misinformation, but her Instagram account still has more than 126,000 followers. During her interview with Senum — who stepped down from the Nevada City council in July after saying she would not enforce a statewide mask mandate — Tenpenny cited an article she published Dec. 28 on Vaxxter, an anti-vaccine website. In that article, Tenpenny linked to a study about a phenomenon in other coronaviruses, such as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, in which certain antibodies can actually worsen the disease. The study does not support her claim that COVID-19 vaccines cause autoimmune diseases, which include conditions like type 1 diabetes and rheumatoid arthritis that cause the body to mistakenly attack healthy cells and organs. Public health agencies say the coronavirus vaccine is safe and effective. The Food and Drug Administration has granted emergency use authorization to three coronavirus vaccines: one from Pfizer-BioNTech, one from Moderna, and one from Janssen, a pharmaceutical company owned by Johnson & Johnson. Clinical trials — which lasted months and included tens of thousands of participants — indicated no connection between the vaccines and autoimmune diseases. The FDA found "no specific safety concerns" associated with any of the three vaccines. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention says that safety data does not apply to people with autoimmune conditions, but the vaccines are still recommended. Millions of Americans have received the coronavirus vaccines. If they caused widespread autoimmune diseases, those instances would be documented in the federal government’s Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System. But the system indicates only a handful of self-reported autoimmune diseases, and even that data is unverified. "While very important in monitoring vaccine safety, VAERS reports alone cannot be used to determine if a vaccine caused or contributed to an adverse event or illness," the CDC says. "The reports may contain information that is incomplete, inaccurate, coincidental, or unverifiable." There have been reports of people who received the coronavirus vaccines and later died. But that doesn’t mean the vaccine killed them — the vaccines have been proven to be safe and effective in tens of thousands of people. We reached out to Tenpenny for a comment, but we haven’t heard back. Her claim is inaccurate and ridiculous. We rate it Pants on Fire! RELATED: The coronavirus vaccine doesn’t cause Alzheimer’s, ALS

Public Health,Facebook Fact-checks,Coronavirus,Sherri Tenpenny

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Greg Abbott

2021-03-30 00:00:00

a tweet:

“Twice as many children are in Border Patrol custody under Biden than Trump peak in 2019.”

Brandon Mulder

2021-04-06 00:00:00

true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/apr/06/greg-abbott/yes-number-kids-border-patrol-custody-double-2019s/

Yes, the number of kids in Border Patrol custody is double 2019's peak

Unaccompanied minors have been arriving at the southern U.S. border in record numbers since President Joe Biden took office, and Republican leaders in border states have been quick to highlight the challenges the federal government is facing. Gov. Greg Abbott has hammered the Biden administration on border issues throughout March. First he accused the administration of "reckless border policies" that have released migrants who tested positive for COVID-19 into the U.S. And in recent weeks, the governor has focused on the uptick of unaccompanied minors arriving at the border. On March 30, Abbott claimed in a tweet that "twice as many children are in Border Patrol custody under Biden than Trump peak in 2019." "The Biden Admin. is unprepared for the crises they have caused," Abbott continued, adding that state police and National Guard forces have been dispatched to assist in the situation. 2019 was the last year border authorities recorded a surge in migrant children and family crossings. And authorities believe that the number of encounters this year will surpass levels seen then. But is it true that the number of unaccompanied minors in federal custody today is already twice the highest number recorded in 2019 under former President Donald Trump? 'Numbers are going to stack up’  Abbott’s claim cited an article published Tuesday by the Washington Examiner, a conservative Washington, D.C., news site. Citing "federal data exclusively obtained Monday evening," the website reported the same claim.  U.S. Customs and Border Protection confirmed the numbers. Under Trump, the government recorded a peak of 2,600 unaccompanied minors in federal custody in June 2019. In 2020, the Trump administration stopped taking minors into custody after it implemented a policy that immediately expelled all people crossing the border, including children, citing COVID-19 precautions.  The Biden administration suspended that policy for children in January and now allows children who cross the border alone to remain in the U.S. while they await immigration court proceedings. U.S. Customs and Border Protection also released to PolitiFact a daily memo reporting the number of unaccompanied children in government custody. As of March 29, the number of unaccompanied children in custody was 5,160, which is nearly twice the number recorded in June 2019. The memo also reported that an average of 492 unaccompanied children were being placed in federal custody each day in March, while an average of 399 were being transferred out of custody daily. With facility intake consistently outpacing output, "obviously, those numbers are going to stack up," a senior U.S. Customs and Border Protection official told reporters during a March 26 briefing. Migrant children can be held at Border Patrol facilities for a maximum of 72 hours, a rule set forth under the Trafficking Victims Protection Reauthorization Act of 2008. From there, children are referred to the Office of Refugee Resettlement, within U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, which is tasked with providing care for the minors and connecting them with suitable sponsors.  But the strain the high number of migrant children has placed on the system has caused many minors to be held up at the Border Patrol facilities beyond the 72-hour limit. (The Trump administration also struggled with meeting that limit.) As of March 30, for instance, more than 2,000 children being held at a Border Patrol facility in Donna had been there for more than 72 hours, according to Pro Publica.  "We need to do a better job of ensuring that HHS and ORR has greater capacity, and we need to speed up the transfer of these children from our custody to their custody much faster," the Border Patrol official said.  The Biden administration has raced to establish greater capacity in the Office of Refugee Resettlement to relieve the bottleneck within Border Patrol facilities. The agency has activated or opened what it calls influx care facilities, which are unlicensed care facilities that offer surplus shelter space and can be set up in a matter of weeks, and emergency intake sites, which are new facilities that serve as waystations for unaccompanied children moving from Border Patrol custody to Office of Refugee Resettlement custody, according to the U.S. Committee for Refugees and Immigrants.  Many of these new or temporary shelters have been opened across Texas. Influx care facilities now operate in Carrizo Springs and Pecos; emergency intake sites have been opened in a Dallas convention center and a former oil workers' camp in Midland.  Migration drivers  It’s difficult to pinpoint the precise factors that are causing today’s numbers of unaccompanied children to double 2019’s peak, experts say.   Immigration experts often separate migration drivers into two categories: push factors, or the conditions in origin countries that are causing people to leave home; and pull factors, or the conditions of a destination country that make it a more attractive place to live.   Immigration policies in the U.S. are often listed as a significant pull factor, and Biden relaxing those policies following Trump’s immigration austerity is often cited as a significant one.  But many experts say that it’s the push factors in migrants’ home countries that are strong drivers of migration into the U.S. In 2019, Honduras struggled with civil unrest and an increase in gang violence, while Guatemalans wrestled with environmental issues that impacted the population’s food security.  This year, Honduras, Guatemala and Nicaragua suffered two category-4 hurricanes that struck the region within a two-week span. With millions left in need of aid, the hurricanes exacerbated poverty and worsened access to clean water, giving an extra nudge to people considering northern migration.  "The hurricanes made a huge difference," said Yael Schacher, senior U.S. advocate at Refugees International. "People were in a situation where they were just getting by, and then the hurricane wiped them out."  Our ruling  Abbott said in a tweet that twice as many unaccompanied children are in Border Patrol custody presently than during the peak number seen in 2019 under Trump.   Numbers from U.S. Customs and Border Protection verify this claim. The Trump administration recorded 2,600 minors in Border Patrol custody in June 2019, which was the highest amount seen during Trump’s term.  As of March 29, 5,160 minors were in Border Patrol custody waiting to be transferred to the Office of Refugee Resettlement, which is 40 minors short of double 2,600.  We rate this claim True. 

Immigration,Border Security,Texas,Greg Abbott

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Facebook posts

2021-03-23 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

Says Ford agreed to invest $900 million at an Ohio plant because Donald Trump “lowered taxes” and is now moving the project to Mexico because Joe Biden is “increasing taxes.”

Tom Kertscher

2021-04-06 00:00:00

barely-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/apr/06/facebook-posts/no-sign-tax-moves-trump-or-biden-affected-ford-car/

No sign that tax moves by Trump or Biden affected Ford car plans in Ohio, Mexico

The United Auto Workers Union told its members at Ford Motor Co. in March that the automaker is backing out of a planned $900 million investment at an Ohio assembly plant and moving a key vehicle project to Mexico. A Facebook post attributes Ford’s apparent about-face to a shift in corporate tax policy between Donald Trump and Joe Biden. The post begins by stating: "Trump lowered taxes and in 2019 Ford made a commitment to invest $900 million at its Avon Lake, OH plant."  Below that is a photo of Biden speaking and the text: "I am increasing taxes and NOW the entire Ford project is moving to Mexico. I will always put other countries first." The post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.) There are signs that Ford might be shifting plans for production of a new vehicle from Ohio to Mexico. But we didn’t find clear evidence from news reports or from Ford that the change is directly due to shifting tax policy. Meanwhile, the post leaves out context about other factors that influence automakers’ production decisions.   Trump, Ford and auto production Mexico has long been an attractive production site for U.S. and foreign automakers because of its relatively low labor costs and trade agreements that make it economical to export Mexican-made vehicles around the world. But balancing production between the U.S. and Mexico is a politically delicate task. As a candidate and as president, Trump continually pressured Ford and other automakers to boost manufacturing in the U.S. and reduce their dependence on Mexico, including threatening a border tax on imported vehicles and pushing for a rewrite of the North American Free Trade Agreement that would favor U.S. production. He pitched his 2017 corporate tax-cut proposal as a way to help reverse a decline in U.S. manufacturing. Ford praised Trump’s proposals to reduce corporate tax rates, although companies such as Ford with heavy debt were not expected to benefit from the tax cuts he signed into law in 2017. In November 2019, Ford and the United Auto Workers union approved a four-year contract with $6 billion in investment in Ford’s U.S. manufacturing facilities, including $900 million at the Ohio plant, which builds heavy-duty trucks and employs about 1,740 people. The plant was to get production of a new, unnamed vehicle by 2023.  News stories on the tentative contract agreement — including those by CNBC, Automotive News, the New York Times and Fox Business — made no mention of Trump’s tax policy as a factor.  The next month, Ford announced another domestic investment, saying it would invest $1.45 billion in its plants in southeast Michigan. While U.S. automakers keep an eye on trade rules, federal policy and political winds to guide their production strategies, other important trends have also influenced their thinking and reordered their production plans in recent years: a shift away from traditional car models in favor of SUVs and pickup trucks, a strategic shift toward electric vehicles, and rising costs for research on autonomous vehicle and fuel-efficiency technology. At Ford, several sedan models that Ford were built at its Mexico plants have been eliminated from its U.S. lineup. And this year, Ford doubled its spending commitment to electric vehicles. Biden’s tax proposals Biden campaigned on plans to grow federal revenue by $3.6 trillion over the next decade, primarily by raising business taxes and taxes on households with incomes over $400,000 a year. In mid-March 2021, news reports said Biden was considering moves to increase taxes on the wealthy and corporations.  More recently, after the Facebook post we’re checking was posted, Biden announced plans to finance his $2.3 million infrastructure plan in part by raising the corporate tax rate from 21% to 28%, and by imposing a 21% global minimum tax, so that companies cannot avoid taxes by shifting income to low-tax countries. Ford’s statements on production shift Reuters reported that Ford issued a statement that did not directly address the union’s criticism, but had said in a letter to employees that conditions had changed since 2019. Asked about whether its decisions about the Ohio plant were tied to tax policies, a Ford spokesman told PolitiFact: "The business decision in question was not a result of then-presidential candidate Biden’s corporate tax proposals." "We remain committed to investing $6 billion in our U.S. plants and creating and retaining 8,500 jobs in America during this four-year UAW contract. We are invested in Ohio Assembly Plant and our dedicated workforce there," the spokesman said. "Since 2019, we have invested more than $185 million and created and retained more than 100 jobs at Ohio Assembly Plant, including actions planned for this year."  A Ford spokeswoman declined to say what vehicle the company plans to manufacture in Mexico, according to Fox Business. Our ruling A post shared on Facebook claims that Trump "lowered taxes and in 2019 Ford made a commitment to invest $900 million at its Avon Lake, OH plant," and Biden is "increasing taxes and now the entire Ford project is moving to Mexico." There are signs that Ford might be shifting plans for manufacturing a new model of vehicle from Ohio to Mexico.  But there are no indications that Trump’s tax cuts led to the initial plans in Ohio or that Biden’s possible tax hikes had any role in a possible shift in those plans to Mexico. For a post that contains only an element of truth and leaves out important context, our rating is Mostly False.

Transportation,Taxes,Facebook Fact-checks,Facebook posts

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Facebook posts

2021-04-03 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

“Pete Buttigieg’s dog and pony show. He gets out of [the] car to ride his bike a few feet, pretending to save energy.”

Gabrielle Settles

2021-04-06 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/apr/06/facebook-posts/no-pete-buttigieg-didnt-fake-bike-ride/

No, Pete Buttigieg didn’t fake a bike ride

U.S. Transportation Secretary Pete Buttigieg has been a longtime proponent of making bicycling more accessible. During his time as mayor of South Bend, Ind., the League of American Bicyclists recognized the city for its efforts to become more bike and environmentally friendly.  But now, social media users are accusing Buttigieg of faking a bike ride near the White House. "Pete Buttigieg’s dog and pony show. He gets out of [the] car to ride his bike a few feet, pretending to save energy," read the text on a now-removed video shared by conservative commentator Ryan Fournier, who described the action as dishonest in a caption that accompanied the post before it was removed from public view. The post, which we also found being shared elsewhere with similar claims calling Buttiegieg’s ride fake and staged, was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.) (Screengrab from Instagram)   The video shows Buttigieg behind an SUV as he mounts his bike and begins riding, with a security detail following in the SUV and by bike. A voice can be heard narrating the scene, saying, "Getting on a bike in his suit, riding away. I didn’t know he’d ride in a suit."   The video was originally captured and tweeted by journalist Donald Judd of CNN on April 1, the day President Biden held his first in-person Cabinet meeting at the White House. "Transportation Secretary Pete Buttigieg biked to the White House for today's Cabinet Meeting, it would appear," Judd wrote on Twitter at 4:07 p.m. Eastern time, apparently after the roughly two-hour Cabinet meeting had ended.   The video was retweeted thousands of times by people who believed it showed Buttigieg staging a bike ride, including Kellyanne Conway, counselor to former President Donald Trump.    We reached out to Buttigieg’s office at the Department of Transportation but didn’t hear back. However, an agency spokesperson told Snopes and Lead Stories that the clip shows part of what was a round trip for Buttigieg. "He rode his bike to the White House Cabinet meeting and he rode his bike back to DOT after the meeting," the spokesperson was quoted by Snopes as saying.   The ride from the White House to DOT headquarters is more than 3 miles one-way — roughly 20 minutes by bike, according to Google Maps.   Judd didn’t respond to our questions about the video. But we noted that he did retweet the Snopes report disputing the claim that the ride was staged.   Another journalist, Katie Barlow, tweeted her own video in response to Judd, saying that it showed that Buttigieg also "biked out of the complex." A little later, she tweeted the same video again on her own feed, writing, "Not your every day DC sighting of the Secretary of Transportation biking out of a cabinet meeting, @PeteButtigieg."   This isn’t the first time Buttigieg has garnered social media attention for traveling the nation’s capital on two wheels. When he was spotted using Metro DC’s bike share program in February, fans and detractors weighed in with praise and critiques.    Our ruling A Facebook video post claims that Buttigieg got out of a car "to ride his bike a few feet,  pretending to save energy." A spokesperson for the Transportation Department said Buttigieg used the bike for a round-trip journey between agency headquarters and the White House, which is more than 6 miles. The vehicle seen in the video was part of his security detail. We rate this post False.

National,Transportation,Facebook Fact-checks,Facebook posts

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The Gateway Pundit

2021-03-29 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

“Per the CDC, there are nearly twice as many vaccine-related deaths so far in 2021 (1,755) than all the vaccine deaths this past decade (994).”

Tom Kertscher

2021-04-06 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/apr/06/gateway-pundit/no-reports-cdcs-vaccine-early-warning-system-are-n/

No, reports to the CDC’s vaccine early warning system are not ‘vaccine deaths’

Without mentioning COVID-19, a headline widely shared on Facebook raises an alarm about vaccines while referencing the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the leading federal agency fighting the coronavirus. The headline is on an article from the Gateway Pundit, a conservative website. It states: "Per the CDC, there are nearly twice as many vaccine related deaths SO FAR in 2021 (1,755) than all the vaccine deaths this past decade (994)." The post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.)  These are not counts of "vaccine deaths" — they are unverified reports of deaths that occur after a vaccination. There is no evidence that COVID-19 vaccines have caused any deaths. And there have not been more vaccine-related deaths in 2021 than in the previous decade. Claim manipulates unvetted data The headline cites figures from the Vaccine Adverse Events Reporting System, which is maintained by the CDC and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. The agencies warn that reports of adverse events — in other words, possible side effects — made to the VAERS database do not indicate whether an adverse event is linked to or caused by a vaccine; the reports, which can be made by anyone and are not verified, are intended as an early warning system to detect possible safety problems.  As Dr. Paul Offit, director of the Vaccine Education Center and a physician in the infectious-disease division at Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, told PolitiFact: "The VAERS system is very noisy, so it's hard to compare." Offit said the system identifies "a lot of temporal associations that are not necessarily causal." Moreover, the database does not compare death rates associated with vaccinations to see whether they are higher or lower than death rates among people who were not vaccinated, said Dr. Walter Orenstein, associate director of the Emory Vaccine Center at Emory University. Orenstein also said that given the national focus on COVID-19, people are more likely to report deaths following a COVID-19 vaccination; and given the focus on vaccinating the elderly for the coronavirus in care facilities, it’s likely there will be more reports of death because those older people tend to have other health problems. Here’s what the CDC told us on the numbers Number of all vaccine-related deaths over the past decade: 2,928 Number of all deaths after vaccination in 2021: 1,934 Number of deaths after COVID-19 vaccination in 2021: 1,911 That means almost 99% of reports in 2021 followed COVID-19 vaccines. More than 145 million doses of COVID-19 vaccines were administered in the U.S. from Dec. 14, 2020, through March 29, according to the CDC. Reviews by physicians from the CDC and the FDA "revealed no evidence that vaccination contributed to patient deaths," the CDC said. The Gateway Pundit recently made another False claim about fatal side effects, this time taking European data out of context to exaggerate the risk of vaccines. The claim shared information from a European database that stresses its information is preliminary and requires additional research before making conclusions.  The claim that there were nearly twice as many vaccine-related deaths so far in 2021 as the past 10 years is not accurate. We rate it False.

Public Health,Facebook Fact-checks,Coronavirus,The Gateway Pundit

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Alex Mooney

2021-03-03 00:00:00

a news release:

H.R. 1 “mandates practices nationwide” that include “ballot harvesting, universal mail-in voting and same-day registration.”

Raeanne Beckner

2021-04-05 00:00:00

half-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/apr/05/alex-mooney/fact-checking-rep-alex-mooney-wva-requirements-hr-/

Fact-checking Rep. Alex Mooney of W.Va. on requirements in H.R. 1

The Democratic-backed elections and voting bill known as H.R. 1, or the For the People Act, has inspired sometimes fierce opposition from Republicans. One of them is Rep. Alex Mooney, R-W.Va. The bill, which passed the House on a mostly party-line vote and awaits action in the Senate, includes proposals on voter registration, absentee voting, in-person voting, campaign finance and ethics related to federal elections. In a press release issued March 3, Mooney explained why he voted against the bill, which he dismissed as the "For the Politicians Act." "It mandates practices nationwide which are prone to fraud, such as ballot harvesting, universal mail-in voting and same-day registration," Mooney said in the news release. He argued that, collectively, "this power grab would undermine ballot integrity and restrict the voice of each individual citizen in our election process." PolitiFact’s national staff has previously fact-checked portions of this statement. Overall, Mooney’s statement gets some things right, some things wrong, and some in between. We’ll take a look at each. (Mooney’s office did not respond to inquiries for this article.) Claim: H.R. 1 mandates "ballot harvesting." This is partially accurate but needs context.  "Ballot harvesting" isn’t an official legal term, but it generally refers to someone collecting completed and sealed absentee ballots on behalf of others and then submitting them. Many states’ current laws allow individuals to collect ballots on behalf of others, sometimes with certain restrictions. H.R. 1 doesn’t require ballots to be collected this way, but requires states to allow it in some forms. It says that states "shall permit a voter to designate any person" to return their sealed absentee ballot, as long as the person doesn’t get paid based on the number of ballots returned. It would prevent states from putting a limit on how many ballots any person could return on behalf of others. Claim: H.R. 1 mandates "universal mail-in voting." This is False. The phrase used by Mooney, "universal mail-in voting," is not a commonly used term; more common is "all-mail elections."  In all-mail elections, ballots are automatically mailed to every registered voter. "The voter marks the ballot, puts it in a secrecy envelope or sleeve and then into a separate mailing envelope, signs an affidavit on the exterior of the mailing envelope, and returns the package via mail or by dropping it off," according to the National Conference of State Legislatures. This system is used in Colorado, Hawaii, Oregon, Washington state and Utah. In addition, California has moved to temporarily extend its use of all-mail voting after adopting it during the coronavirus pandemic. H.R. 1 doesn’t force any state to adopt the all-mail system or send out ballots automatically. Rather, the bill would make it easier for registered voters who choose to cast their ballot by mail. The bill requires states to give everyone access to voting by mail if they want to use it. The law says that states cannot "impose any additional conditions or requirements" on an eligible voter’s ability to cast an absentee ballot by mail in federal elections. In addition, the bill nixes state laws requiring identification for mail ballots beyond a voter’s signature, such as  notarized statements. The bill allows states to set a "reasonable deadline" for requesting a mail ballot and returning it to elections officials. And it requires states to treat a mail-in ballot application for one election to stand as a default preference for all subsequent federal elections. There’s no question that these H.R. 1 provisions set new standards for access to mail ballots. But none of these provisions amount to "universal mail-in" voting. Voting by mail would be an option for voters, not a requirement. Claim: H.R. 1 mandates "same-day registration." This is accurate.  A little under half the states already offer some form of same-day voter registration, in which individuals can cast a ballot on the same day they register.  H.R. 1  would mandate that states allow any eligible individual to register to vote on the day of a federal election and cast a ballot that day. People who are already registered could revise their voter registration information and still vote that day. Are these practices "prone to fraud"? Practices such as ballot harvesting, same-day registration and mail-in voting are already used in some states. Even so, there is no evidence of widespread fraud in the U.S. election system Between Election Day and late November, PolitiFact fact-checked more than 80 misleading or false claims about voter fraud in the 2020 election. Federal agencies, state election officials and technology experts have all said that last year’s election was among the most secure in American history. And in 2018, we found no widespread fraud in elections prior to 2020.  Our ruling Mooney said that H.R. 1 "mandates practices nationwide" that include "ballot harvesting, universal mail-in voting and same-day registration." He’s correct that H.R. 1 requires states to allow same-day registration, which is already used in many states.  H.R. 1 does not mandate ballot harvesting, but it would remove some restrictions on voters’ letting other people return their completed and sealed absentee ballot for them. H.R. 1 doesn’t mandate universal mail-in voting. Rather, the bill would make it easier for registered voters who choose to cast their ballot by mail to do so. We rate the statement Half True.

West Virginia,Elections,Alex Mooney

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Jennifer Carroll Foy

2021-03-16 00:00:00

a forum.:

“Two out of our last three governors in Virginia were investigated by the FBI. One went to jail and one is running for office again in this election.”

Warren Fiske

2021-04-05 00:00:00

half-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/apr/05/jennifer-carroll-foy/carroll-foy-partially-right-about-investigations-p/

Carroll Foy partially right about investigations of past Virginia governors

Democrat Jennifer Carroll Foy said a key reason she’s running for governor is to rid Virginia's government of corruption. "Two out of our last three governors in Virginia were investigated by the FBI," she said during a March 16 debate. "One went to jail and one is running for office again in this election." A fact check of Carroll Foy’s statement finds she’s right on the FBI probes, but wrong in saying one of the governors was locked up. Republican Bob McDonnell was investigated by the FBI, and his case had enormous consequences. Ten days after his term expired in 2014, McDonnell was indicted on federal corruption charges for accepting $165,000 in gifts and loans from businessman Jonnie Williams Sr.. In exchange, authorities said McDonnell used the influence of the governor’s office to promote Williams’ diet supplement business. McDonnell was found guilty on 11 counts of corruption and, in January 2015, was sentenced to two years in prison by Senior U.S. District Judge James Spencer. But contrary to Carroll Foy’s statement, McDonnell never spent a day in prison. He remained free through his appeals and, in June 2016, the U.S. Supreme Court unanimously vacated his conviction, saying some of the courtesies McDonnell gave Williams, such as setting up meetings with state officials who were in a position to help Williams’ business, did not qualify as an "official act" of corruption despite McDonnell’s acceptance gifts. Prosecutors declined to try McDonnell again under a more narrow definition of corruption. Sharon Yang, a spokesperson for Carroll Foy, said the candidate "misspoke" in saying McDonnell went to jail Democrat Terry McAuliffe was also investigated by the FBI during his gubernatorial term from 2013-2017, but he was never accused of wrongdoing - an important fact Carroll Foy omits. McAuliffe is running for his old office again this year. Virginia does not allow its governors to serve successive terms. News of the investigation broke on May 23, 2016 and McAuliffe professed "shock," saying he knew nothing about it. James W. Cooper, McAuliffe’s private lawyer, said two days later that the FBI was looking into whether McAuliffe - before becoming governor - had accepted foreign money to lobby without telling federal government.  McAuliffe was not indicted and news about the probe quickly fizzled out. We asked the FBI if the probe was active and were told the agency does not confirm or deny the existence of any investigation.  "Nothing came of the investigation and it’s not ongoing." said Jake Rubenstein, a McAuliffe spokesman. Our ruling Carroll Foy said, "Two out of our last three governors in Virginia were investigated by the FBI. One went to jail and one is running for office again in this election." She’s right that McDonnell and McAuliffe were investigated by the FBI during their terms, but Carroll Foy omits that McAuliffe was never accused of wrongdoing. McDonnell, on the other hand, was convicted of corruption and sentenced to two years in prison. The Supreme Court vacated his conviction, however, and McDonnell never spent a moment behind bars. Carroll Foy’s campaign acknowledges she misspoke on this part of her claim. Overall, we rate Carroll Foy’s statement Half True. CORRECTION, April 5, 2021: An earlier version of this story had the wrong last name for Jake Rubenstein.  

Candidate Biography,Virginia,Jennifer Carroll Foy

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Roy Cooper

2021-03-26 00:00:00

an

“People don’t pretend to be someone else to go in and vote. You just don’t see that kind of fraud.”

Paul Specht

2021-04-05 00:00:00

mostly-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/apr/05/roy-cooper/voter-impersonation-rare-north-carolinas-cooper-sa/

Voter impersonation is rare, North Carolina's Cooper says

With Georgia lawmakers adopting new voter identification requirements, CNN’s Jake Tapper sought perspective from a politician who’s witnessed a similar push for election security in the South: North Carolina Gov. Roy Cooper. North Carolina lawmakers in 2013 passed a voter ID law that was later struck down, and then enacted new voter ID laws after a voter referendum in 2018. Cooper, who witnessed the state’s initial voter ID push while serving as attorney general, told Tapper he believes photo ID requirements are unnecessary. "You do need security to make sure that people’s votes count and that people aren’t cheating. But the problem is you don’t see widespread problems with things they’re trying to attack, like voter ID," Cooper said in the segment, which he tweeted on March 26. "People don’t go in and pretend to be someone else to go in and vote," he continued. "You just don’t see that kind of fraud. Yet you have legislation that is making it harder and harder for people to vote."  Cooper, a Democrat, suggested voter impersonation isn’t a "widespread problem." Is that right? Generally speaking, yes. While it has happened, it is extremely rare. PolitiFact has written about this topic multiple times, even finding in April 2016 that people were more likely to be struck by lightning than to impersonate someone else at the polls.  We thought we’d check-in with experts again, since there have been two presidential elections since that lightning comparison. The findings haven’t changed. While there have been a few dozen documented cases of voter impersonation over the years, the incidents have had so little impact on elections that experts have referred to the issue as "virtually nonexistent."  Impersonation is rare First, let’s clarify what we’re talking about here. There are many kinds of voter fraud and Cooper’s comment is only directed at one of them: voter impersonation. Fraud can also happen when people:  Register to vote using inaccurate information, Vote more than once, Vote when they’re not eligible, or Forge absentee ballot information. Groups such as the left-leaning Brennan Center and the conservative Heritage Foundation have followed fraud cases over the years. However, there’s no official government database that’s constantly updating a list of impersonation cases across the U.S. In other words, we don’t have exact numbers on what percentage of voter fraud cases involve impersonation, specifically. But experts say the number is very low. The Brennan Center reports impersonation is "virtually nonexistent." News21, a student reporting project based at Arizona State University's Walter Cronkite School of Journalism, in 2012 used the same language — "virtually non-existent"— after analyzing 2,068 cases of alleged election-fraud dating back to 2000. Justin Levitt, a democracy scholar at the Loyola Law School, is considered a leading source of information for voter fraud and election laws. Levitt authored what the Brennan Center considers its seminal report on the issue, "The Truth About Voter Fraud," which in 2007 found impersonation incident rates between 0.0003% and 0.0025%. Levitt has continued researching fraud cases across the country, finding 31 potential incidents between 2000 and 2014.  Levitt says he looked for the type of fraud that photo ID laws might stop, meaning he excluded cases that involved a fake ID or tampering by a poll worker. He also said he documented credible cases, not just those that are prosecuted.  Levitt says he has continued to receive reports of fraud since 2014 and is now up to about 45 total cases, he told PolitiFact NC in an email. "I continue to welcome additional reports of impersonation fraud, if they’re specific and credible," he said. However, he added, "Claims of irregularity vastly exceed actual incidents of irregularity. Second, most irregularity involves mistake or misinformation rather than intentional malfeasance." The Heritage Foundation created a database on its website that chronicles different types of fraud. Its database, which the group says isn’t comprehensive, features 13 cases of impersonation fraud dating back to 2004. In North Carolina, the State Elections Board has referred seven cases of impersonation fraud for prosecution dating back to 2015. The board referred four cases from the 2020 election to prosecutors, according to board spokesman Patrick Gannon. One case was declined and three are pending district attorney review, he said. More than 5.5 million people in North Carolina voted in the 2020 general election. "Voter impersonation is rare in North Carolina," Gannon told PolitiFact NC in an email. "Often, cases of voter impersonation involve a family member or loved one casting a ballot for a recently deceased loved one." Both of the cases the board referred for prosecution in 2016 involved family members casting a ballot on behalf of a recently-deceased loved one, he said. Why is it rare? Rick Hasen, a professor of law and political science at the University of California, told PolitiFact NC that impersonation fraud is "by far the least prevalent type of election fraud there is." Hasen’s books, "The Voting Wars" in 2012 and "Election Meltdown'' in 2020, each examine reports of fraud across the country. For the latter book, Hasen scoured records looking for historical accounts of coordinated voter impersonation. He found none. "It is an exceedingly dumb way to steal an election," he wrote in Election Meltdown. "Because one would have to hire people to go to the polls claiming to be someone else, hope that the people being impersonated had not yet voted, hope that the people being paid to commit felonies would actually cast a secret ballot the way the payer wants, and repeat this process undetected on a large enough scale to sway an election." Lorraine Minnite, professor of political science at Rutgers University, wrote "The Myth of Voter Fraud," in 2010. In an interview with News21 and reprinted in Governing magazine, Minnite described voter impersonation as an "irrational behavior." "You’re not likely to change the outcome of an election with your illegal fraudulent vote, and the chances of being caught are there and we have rules to prevent against it," she told News21. Our ruling Cooper said "People don’t go in and pretend to be someone else to go in and vote. You just don’t see that kind of fraud." It’s possible that someone could interpret Cooper’s comments to mean that no one has ever committed voter impersonation fraud. Experts have counted a few dozen cases over the past two decades. But Cooper is right that, statistically, it almost never happens. Experts say impersonation attempts are the least common types of voter fraud, describing it as virtually non-existent. We rate his claim Mostly True.

Elections,Voter ID Laws,North Carolina,Roy Cooper

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Citizens United

2021-03-31 00:00:00

a tweet:

Says Joe Biden’s infrastructure plan “is the Green New Deal.”

Jon Greenberg

2021-04-02 00:00:00

barely-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/apr/02/citizens-united/citizens-united-calls-bidens-infrastructure-plan-g/

Citizens United calls Biden’s infrastructure plan the Green New Deal. It isn’t.

Republican opposition to President Joe Biden’s infrastructure proposal has been swift and vocal. Senate Minority Leader Mitch McConnell said that as written, the $2.3 trillion American Jobs Plan released March 31 was a nonstarter. The conservative PAC Citizens United put Biden’s plan in the same boat as the Green New Deal, a sweeping environmental and social justice agenda that Republicans have condemned. "Does this sound like an infrastructure bill to you?" the group tweeted March 31, with a link to a New York Times article about the proposal. "It's not. It's the Green New Deal. " Does this sound like an infrastructure bill to you? It's not. It's the Green New Deal. "It is the first step in a two-part agenda to overhaul American capitalism, fight climate change and attempt to improve the productivity of the economy."https://t.co/ajIoRCttgl— Citizens United (@Citizens_United) March 31, 2021 The Times article described Biden’s plan as the first step in a legislative package that aimed to boost productivity, fight climate change and "overhaul American capitalism." During the presidential campaign, Biden said he does not support the Green New Deal. His current proposal is a blend of money for traditional brick-and-mortar infrastructure — roads, water supplies, broadband, etc. — clean energy and improved manufacturing, and social service infrastructure, meaning caregivers for seniors and the disabled. We called and emailed Citizens United to ask on what basis they equated the White House initiative with the Green New Deal. We did not hear back. There’s overlap between the two, but also considerable differences. Differences in size and scope The Green New Deal was a House resolution introduced by Rep. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, D-N.Y., that laid out a set of climate, economic and social goals. Ocasio-Cortez criticized the Biden plan, saying "This is not nearly enough." The 2019 resolution was not a line-by-line spending plan. But the Green New Deal inspired the crafting of the THRIVE Act, legislation due to be introduced in April by a group of Democrats in Congress to advance the goals of the resolution. The THRIVE Act does have a proposed budget. The Green New Deal Network, a group of advocacy groups, summarized it in a spreadsheet, and it comes out to much more than the American Jobs Plan.  Over a 10-year span, it would spend about $9.5 trillion, or about $7 trillion more than Biden’s proposal. Two of the largest differences are in the areas of clean energy and agriculture. The THRIVE Act would spend about 10 times more than the American Jobs Plan on clean energy. For agriculture, the White House has no spending line, while the THRIVE Act has $1.6 trillion to support farming that uses less fossil fuels and locks more carbon in the soil. (The recently passed stimulus law provided about $5.6 billion in aid to farmers and rural communities.) Here is our summary of how the two spending plans compare across some major categories. The American Jobs Plan also includes about $480 billion to boost manufacturing and research and development, some of which might boost clean energy. The THRIVE Act folds money for those activities into other line items, primarily its investments in clean energy. Ryan Schleeter, spokesman for Greenpeace USA, a Green New Deal Network member, said it is misleading to equate Biden’s proposal with the Green New Deal. "The American Jobs Plan is similar in intent to the THRIVE Act, but far narrower in scope and scale," Schleeter said. Among the broader items on the original Green New Deal agenda were a guaranteed livable wage, affordable higher education and universal health care. The American Jobs Plan does not include those elements. Our ruling Citizens United said that Biden’s infrastructure proposal is the Green New Deal. The two plans share some common approaches, but a spending plan inspired by the Green New Deal is about four times larger than the Biden plan. The Green New Deal also advocates broader social goals that are absent from the White House infrastructure proposal. We rate this claim Mostly False.  

National,Climate Change,Energy,Infrastructure,Citizens United

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Tony Evers

2021-03-30 00:00:00

Twitter:

“It took the Legislature nearly 300 days to act on a (COVID-19) bill during this pandemic.”

Eric Litke

2021-04-02 00:00:00

half-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/apr/02/tony-evers/republicans-passed-one-covid-bill-long-period-inac/

Wisconsin Republicans passed one COVID bill before long period of inaction

Amid a pandemic that changed almost every part of Wisconsin life in 2020, one thing was nearly constant — inaction from the Republican-led Legislature. In October, we rated True a claim that Wisconsin Republicans hadn’t passed a single bill in six months, a streak that ultimately ran through the end of the year. We noted Wisconsin lawmakers had done less than almost any other state to address the pandemic despite being one of just 10 full-time Legislatures in the nation. That streak ended in February. Republicans passed a $100 million COVID response bill that was vetoed by Democratic Gov. Tony Evers, but the two sides came together later that month on a bill that overhauled the state unemployment system while also expanding jobless benefits and protecting businesses and governments from coronavirus-related lawsuits. A month later, Evers took aim at the Republicans’ pandemic record while pitching his plan to spend $3.2 billion in new federal coronavirus aid. "It took the Legislature nearly 300 days to act on a #COVID19 bill during this pandemic," Evers tweeted on March 30, 2021. "We simply cannot afford to waste any time or let Republicans play politics and prevent these funds from going to folks who need our help." Let’s take a closer look at that 300 days claim. Multiple ways to read it The key question is how one interprets Evers’ reference, which is imprecise. Many would no doubt take this statement to mean the Legislature didn’t pass a COVID-19 bill for the first 300 days of the pandemic. And that’s inaccurate. RELATED: Steineke’s actions, words don’t match on COVID-19 bill Evers imposed his "Safer at Home" order on March 25, 2020, and within weeks the Legislature passed a broad COVID-19 relief bill that Evers signed on April 15, 2020. That bill: Made workers’ compensation available to healthcare workers who contracted COVID-19 (though controversially only if they could prove they were exposed while working on a person with the virus) Suspended the one-week waiting period before people who are out of work may collect unemployment benefits Provided insurance protection for those infected with coronavirus and shielded health care providers from liability Barred insurers from charging people more to get COVID-19 treatment out of network Required insurers to cover coronavirus testing for free That bill, however, was the last coronavirus-related action the Legislature passed for about 300 days. That’s the point Evers was making, said spokeswoman Britt Cudaback. "The tweet says a COVID-19 bill because it did, in fact, take the Legislature nearly 300 days to pass a COVID-19 bill, and not for lack of the governor’s or public’s urging to pass it sooner," Cudaback said in an email. The phrasing could also be taken to say the Legislature stalled a particular bill for 300 days, which is also inaccurate. Evers raised a variety of potential bills during that legislative drought, but no specific bill that was ignored for that length of time. Sinec February 2021, the Legislature has passed several other COVID-related bills, including measures that allowed pharmacy technicians, pharmacy students and dentists to administer the vaccine. Our ruling Evers said, "It took the Legislature nearly 300 days to act on a (COVID-19) bill during this pandemic." It didn’t take 300 days for the Legislature to take any action on the pandemic, as a wide-ranging bill was signed into law in April 2020. But the Republican-run Senate and Assembly did take a 300-day hiatus from passing legislation after that point, which stretched all the way to February 2021. That lines up with our definition of Half True: a statement that is "partially accurate but leaves out important details or takes things out of context."    

Legal Issues,Public Health,Wisconsin,Coronavirus,Tony Evers

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Tweets

2021-03-25 00:00:00

a tweet:

"They’re unable to administer vaccines if the lockdown ends because the emergency ends with it.”

Bill McCarthy

2021-04-02 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/apr/02/tweets/social-media-posts-wrongly-claim-vaccination-can-h/

Social media posts wrongly claim vaccination can happen only during lockdowns

The U.S. and the U.K. approved the first COVID-19 vaccines for emergency use months ago, clearing the way for the millions of people to be inoculated. Now, social media users are falling for posts that claim, wrongly, that the vaccines’ emergency approvals are a sign that government-imposed "lockdown" measures are here to say. "The vaccine is authorised for emergency use only and still in live clinical trials until 2023," says a March 25 tweet from a British poster. "They’re unable to administer vaccines if the lockdown ends because the emergency ends with it. Hence why, lockdowns won’t end anytime soon." A screenshot of the March 25 tweet about vaccines and lockdowns. That’s not true, public health experts said. In both the U.S. and the U.K., the authorizations for the vaccine are not tied to stay-at-home orders and other restrictions to limit the virus’ spread.  But the tweet spread widely online, with screenshots of it posted on Facebook and Instagram receiving thousands of interactions, according to CrowdTangle, a social media insights tool.  The posts were flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.) Social media users left comments on Facebook and Instagram indicating that they thought the claim was about the U.S., but the person who authored the original tweet told PolitiFact he was posting from the U.K. So, PolitiFact spoke to experts and government regulatory agencies from both countries. A screenshot of an Instagram post sharing the March 25 tweet about vaccines and lockdowns. We found that no matter which side of the Atlantic Ocean you’re on, it’s inaccurate to say that "they’re unable to administer vaccines if the lockdown ends."  Asked for evidence to support the claim, the person behind the tweet did not provide any. He later said in a direct message on Twitter: "To be clear, I have no idea if this is correct or not." The state of the pandemic One problem with the tweet is the claim that "lockdowns won’t end anytime soon." The U.K. is starting to ease the restrictions imposed by law in January to limit gatherings and minimize the virus’ spread — restrictions that news outlets have referred to as a lockdown. But in the U.S., there is no nationwide lockdown and never was. Masks are currently required in about half the states, but businesses across the country are mostly open, and no state is enforcing a mandatory curfew or stay-at-home order, according to the New York Times.   "The U.S. government hasn’t locked anything down," said John Grabenstein, associate director for scientific communications at the Immunization Action Coalition. Ending lockdowns doesn’t mean losing the ability to vaccinate The main problem with the tweet, however, is the inaccurate claim that lifting restrictions would mean losing the ability to continue vaccinating the population against COVID-19. There is no connection between lockdowns and vaccine administration — in either country. In both the U.K. and the U.S., regulators granted emergency use authorization to manufacturers such as Pfizer after their COVID-19 vaccines were proven in trials to be safe and effective. The manufacturers will continue monitoring participants in their final clinical trials, as the tweet says. "Each of the companies wants to get full licensing," Grabenstein said, adding that they are "well on their way" toward doing so. "The government wants them to earn their license." However, the emergency use authorizations that greenlighted the vaccines don’t make the U.S. and U.K. "unable to administer vaccines if the lockdown ends," experts agreed. Emergency use authorizations in the U.S. In the U.S., stay-at-home orders and other restrictions are handed down at the state and local levels, while the emergency use authorizations for the Pfizer-BioNTech, Moderna and Johnson & Johnson vaccines were provided by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, a federal agency. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration building in Silver Spring, Md., on Dec. 10, 2020. (AP) The emergency approval has "nothing" to do with lockdowns, said Andrew Noymer, associate professor of population health and disease prevention at the University of California, Irvine. Instead, emergency use authorizations are temporary licenses granted while manufacturers collect more data and apply for full licenses, Noymer said. The FDA can grant them if the health and human services secretary has declared that a public health emergency justifies it. Alex Azar, the secretary under the Trump administration, made such a declaration Feb. 4, 2020. In a statement to PolitiFact, the FDA said that unless they are revoked, the emergency use authorizations will remain in effect until the public health emergency declaration is lifted.  "The vaccines can be used under an emergency use authorization as long as there is a declared emergency," said Joshua Sharfstein, vice dean for public health practice and community engagement at Johns Hopkins University. "But a declared emergency does not require that there be ‘lockdowns.’ There can still be a declared emergency and vaccination without ‘lockdowns.’" In 2009, for example, the FDA granted several emergency use authorizations related to the swine flu, but the country never locked down. Emergency use authorizations in the U.K. In the U.K., regulators at the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency granted emergency approval to vaccines from Pfizer, Moderna and Oxford University.  Such temporary licenses are allowed under British law during a public health emergency and while the full licensing process runs its course. In 2020, the law was amended to make them "as similar to a usual marketing authorization as possible," an MHRA spokesperson said. The COVID-19 restrictions constituting a lockdown, however, were voted on by Parliament. As in the U.S., lockdowns have no bearing on those emergency approvals, experts said. "I am 99.9999% certain that emergency use does not equal a period of lockdown, said John Edmunds, professor of epidemiology and population health at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, adding that the concept of emergency use has been around for years. It wouldn’t make sense for any government to "bind its hands" by tying lockdowns to the ability to continue administering vaccines, Grabenstein added. The MHRA’s conditions for authorizing the COVID-19 vaccines say the approvals "will be valid until expressly withdrawn by MHRA or upon issue of a full market authorisation by the MHRA."  Given that language and other language on the MHRA’s website, the duration of the temporary license appears to be within the MHRA’s discretion, said Christopher Newdick, a professor of medical law and contract law at the University of Reading.  "It is not tied to the duration of the emergency lockdown described by the COVID regulations," Newdick said. "So the licensing status of the vaccines is subject to a different range of considerations to do with safety and efficacy and a different timescale." Our ruling Social media posts said "they’re unable to administer vaccines if the lockdown ends because the emergency ends with it." That’s inaccurate in both the U.S. and the U.K., where emergency approvals were granted to vaccine manufacturers separate from any decisions to impose restrictions meant to thwart the virus. The person behind the original tweet admitted: "I have no idea if this is correct or not." We rate this post False.

Public Health,Facebook Fact-checks,Coronavirus,Tweets

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Turning Point USA

2021-03-27 00:00:00

a video posted on Instagram:

HR 1 “gives the federal government the power to establish their own committees” to take over the redistricting process.

Louis Jacobson

2021-04-02 00:00:00

barely-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/apr/02/turning-point-usa/video-gives-inaccurate-reading-redistricting-overh/

Video gives inaccurate reading of redistricting overhaul in HR 1

An expansive voting rights bill known as H.R. 1 includes provisions on voter registration procedures, mail balloting, voter ID laws and campaign finance. One less-discussed, but far-reaching aspect of the law surrounds congressional redistricting — the process by which states redraw district lines for their House delegation every 10 years after the census. The bill has passed the House narrowly, on a near-party-line vote. It is now under consideration in the Senate. The redistricting provisions seek to address longstanding complaints that state legislators — who redraw the lines in most states — have a vested interest in drawing lines that benefit their own party, a practice known as gerrymandering. The bill would require all states to use a system like one used in several states already, where the final lines win approval from a cross-section of Republicans, Democrats and independents on a special commission. The redistricting provisions became the focus of an attack by the conservative group Turning Point USA in a recent video shared on Instagram.  The video says in part, "States have the sovereignty to redistrict their own states, to decide where their congressional districts are. H.R. 1 destroys that right and gives the federal government the power to establish their own committees to violate the states’ sovereignty in drawing congressional districts. This is a federal committee you did not elect in charge of redistricting your state, your congressional district where you live." The post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook, which owns Instagram.)  We took a closer look at whether H.R. 1 "gives the federal government the power to establish their own committees" to take over the redistricting process.  We found that this description is misleading.  Turning Point USA did not respond to an inquiry for this article. How would H.R. 1 reshape congressional redistricting? Today, nine states have independent commissions that draw congressional district lines: Arizona, Colorado, California, Hawaii, Idaho, Michigan, New Jersey, Virginia, and Washington state. Montana also has an independent commission, but it currently has only one statewide congressional seat. Iowa, meanwhile, has a nonpartisan system that is considered similarly removed from politics.   In the other states, the legislature controls redistricting. Under H.R. 1, those states would need to shift the task to an independent commission. The expectation is that this switch would take place in time for the 2031 round of redistricting, said Michael Li, senior counsel at New York University’s Brennan Center for Justice.  According to the bill, the process would start with an existing nonpartisan state agency assembling a pool of qualified commissioners, screened for conflicts of interest. (The bill is vague about which officials would do this, but for its current commission, Arizona uses an appellate court personnel board, while California uses its state auditor's office.) The state agency would appoint six members to the commission from that pool: two from each major party and two from neither party. Then those six commissioners would appoint nine other commissioners from the pool, three from each major party and three from neither. This 15-member board would scrutinize the maps and propose new lines, with their meetings and underlying data open to the public.  A final map would have to win enough support from all three party groups.  While H.R. 1 leaves the nitty gritty of line-drawing to the commission, it does spell out some principles that should be upheld. They include, "to the extent practicable," keeping "communities of interest" — such as counties, municipalities and reservations — whole. And the bill explicitly says that the new map cannot be drawn with "the intent or the effect of unduly favoring or disfavoring any political party." Does H.R. 1 give the federal government "the power to establish their own committees" for redistricting? The bill does mandate an overhaul of how redistricting is done in most states. But the video misinterprets this change. The bill "requires that the states establish their own committees," said David Daley, a senior fellow at FairVote, a voting-and-elections advocacy group. "It does not give the federal government the power to establish those commissions for them." Jon Eguia, a Michigan State University economist who has studied redistricting systems,  agreed: "I don’t see the federal government establishing any committees under H.R. 1."  "You can say that H.R. 1 is bossy toward states, or that it takes away their right to decide how to conduct elections," he added. "But I think the phrase (in the video) is misleading." Would the change in H.R. 1 "violate the states’ sovereignty in drawing congressional districts"? Whether the redistricting provisions of H.R. 1 would pass constitutional muster is still an open question.  Redistricting experts said that both supporters and opponents of the law would argue their case using the Constitution’s Elections Clause. That clause says:  "The Times, Places and Manner of holding Elections for Senators and Representatives, shall be prescribed in each State by the Legislature thereof; but the Congress may at any time by Law make or alter such Regulations, except as to the Places of chusing Senators." Critics of the bill will point to the phrase, "shall be prescribed in each State by the Legislature thereof," arguing that the power rests with legislatures, rather than Congress. Meanwhile, supporters will point to the next phase, "but the Congress may at any time by Law make or alter such Regulations," arguing that this gives Congress the upper hand on this issue. "The founders gave Congress this power for exactly this reason, concerned that states might develop unfair election processes," Daley said. States might argue that requiring them to use commissions is an "unconstitutional form of ‘commandeering’ of state government to serve a federal interest," Li said, "but states made that same argument about the National Voter Registration Act, which was also enacted under the Elections Clause, and courts rejected it."  Li also pointed to the 2019 Supreme Court case Rucho v. Common Cause, in which Chief Justice John Roberts, writing for a 5-4 majority, highlighted Congress’ power under the Elections Clause to overrule partisan gerrymanders. Specifically citing the precursor to H.R. 1, which was then pending in Congress, Roberts wrote that "the Framers gave Congress the power to do something about partisan gerrymandering in the Elections Clause. … The avenue for reform established by the Framers, and used by Congress in the past, remains open." Today, the Supreme Court has one more conservative member, however, so critics of H.R. 1 would likely sue if the bill passes.  Our ruling Turning Point USA said that H.R. 1 "gives the federal government the power to establish their own committees" to take over the redistricting process. H.R. 1 would overhaul how congressional redistricting would work in the states that do not already have independent redistricting commissions. States currently without one would have to appoint a 15-member panel composed of equal numbers of Democrats, Republicans and independents. The law also says, broadly, that lines should not be drawn for partisan gain and that communities, if possible, should not be divided. However, the bill says states — not the federal government — would choose the commissioners and equip them for the task. These panels would not become the federal government’s "own committees" handling redistricting.  We rate the statement Mostly False.

Congress,Elections,Turning Point USA

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Bloggers

2021-03-21 00:00:00

an article:

The number of pregnant women who have miscarried increased by “366% in just six weeks” as a result of their receiving a COVID-19 vaccine.

Samantha Putterman

2021-04-02 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/apr/02/blog-posting/covid-19-vaccines-did-not-cause-366-increase-misca/

COVID-19 vaccines did not cause a 366% increase in miscarriages, as article claims

An alarming article that warns of miscarriages following COVID-19 vaccinations is being widely shared on social media. The story, published by a website called The Daily Expose, claims to have calculated a significant increase in the number of recent miscarriages in the United Kingdom as a direct result of pregnant women getting the shot. The article’s headline, which is circulating as an image in social media posts in the U.S., reads: "Number of women to lose their unborn child after having the COVID vaccine increases by 366% in just six weeks." The article says that the miscarriages came "as a result of the mothers receiving one of the COVID-19 vaccines." This is misleading and inaccurate. First, the image does not indicate that the figures the article cites come from the U.K., not the U.S., even though the widely circulated version of the post we found included the Instagram handle @antimaskNYC, an account that also shared the post.  Second, U.K. health officials said the article takes the numbers out of context, as it doesn’t account for the increase in vaccination rates over time, or the average number of miscarriages that occur naturally. Lastly, there is no evidence of a causal link between miscarriages and COVID-19 vaccines. The post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.) The story references data from the U.K.’s Medicines & Healthcare products Regulatory Agency’s Yellow Card scheme. The reporting system releases weekly reports and monitors possible side effects of vaccines, similar to the VAERS system maintained by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. "Just six weeks separate the first and seventh report, and the shocking increase in the number of women losing their unborn and newborn child in that time due to having either the Pfizer or AstraZeneca Covid vaccine is appalling," the article says. It claims that between Dec. 9, 2020, and Jan. 24, 2021, a total of six women had a miscarriage "as a direct result" of receiving one of the COVID-19 vaccines. The story then says there were 22 more reports of miscarriages from Jan. 24 through March 7, bringing the total to 28 — a rise of about 366.6%.  But the article fails to consider how many people were vaccinated during these time periods, and it overlooks the average number of naturally occurring miscarriages in the U.K. What’s more, no causal link between the two has been established: reports that these incidents occurred after vaccination are not confirmation that they resulted from a vaccine.   When asked about the claim, the U.K. regulator, known as MHRA, told PolitiFact that there is "no pattern" to suggest an elevated risk of miscarriage related to the COVID-19 vaccines. "The number of Yellow Card reports for any suspected reaction should not be compared from one period to another or between vaccines, as this takes no account of any differences in the extent or patterns of usage between the time periods," the agency said. In the Dec. 9 to Jan. 24 time period when six miscarriages were reported to Yellow Card, there were roughly 7.1 million people who had been vaccinated. By March 7, the number vaccinated jumped to 22.7 million. That means that, in the later period when 22 miscarriages were reported, 15.6 million more people had been vaccinated. Based on those raw numbers, the rates of people reporting miscarriages in both periods are closer —  0.000084% in the early group compared with 0.000141% in the later group, which included more than three times as many women of child-bearing age. MHRA noted that the number of people ages 18 to 45 who received a first dose increased from 1.3 million to 4.3 million in the same time frame — and with half of these expected to be women — the number of women of child-bearing age who were vaccinated is estimated to have increased 223% from 665,524 to 2,146,866. "Sadly, miscarriage is estimated to occur in about 1 in 4 pregnancies (equal to 25 in 100) in the U.K. (outside of the pandemic), and most occur in the first 12 weeks of pregnancy, so some miscarriages would be expected to occur following vaccination purely by chance," the agency wrote. "The MHRA has received a small number of reports of miscarriage following vaccine exposure in first 12 weeks of pregnancy, which we are closely monitoring. There is currently no pattern to suggest an elevated risk of miscarriage related to exposure to the COVID-19 vaccines in pregnancy." According to the Mayo Clinic, miscarriage "is a relatively common experience" and occurs in about 10% to 20% of known pregnancies, with the rate increasing with age. Many reproductive health experts say the true number is likely much higher.  The Daily Expose article also claimed that one stillbirth occurred following an AstraZeneca vaccination, which the MHRA disputed. The agency said some reports of events related to pregnancy later turn out to be incorrect and that "no actual stillbirths" have been reported so far. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration and the CDC have reached similar conclusions, saying that there is no evidence to date that the shots cause any problems in pregnancy. But they caution that data is still limited. The agencies are using safety monitoring systems like VAERS to collect more information and hope to have more robust results in the coming months. The U.K. government, however, does not routinely recommend the COVID-19 vaccines for pregnant women. Officials there acknowledge that available data hasn’t raised any safety concerns, but they say it’s still too limited to recommend the shots to all pregnant women.  The MHRA added that the potential benefits of vaccination may be important for those who are at high risk of getting infected, or those with clinical conditions that put them at high risk of suffering serious complications from COVID-19.  The CDC, as well as many reproductive health organizations, says the vaccines should be offered to eligible pregnant and breastfeeding women, and recommend that they (and those who plan to become pregnant) talk to their doctors to weigh the risks and benefits. Our ruling A claim circulating online claims that the number of pregnant women who have miscarried increased by "366% in just six weeks" as a result of receiving a COVID-19 vaccine. This statement takes data out of context and presents an unfounded conclusion. Health officials in the U.K. say that there is currently no evidence of an increase in miscarriages after COVID-19 immunization. The article on which the claim is based misrepresents figures from the country’s vaccine reporting system, and officials say it doesn’t account for the increased vaccination rate over time, or the country’s average rate of miscarriages. Nor is there any evidence that has shown a causal link between the vaccine and miscarriages. We rate this False. 

Children,Public Health,Facebook Fact-checks,Coronavirus,Bloggers

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Michael MacDonald

2021-03-24 00:00:00

a statement:

Michigan election bills are “designed to make it easier for people to vote.”

Clara Hendrickson

2021-04-02 00:00:00

barely-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/apr/02/michael-macdonald/mich-gops-proposed-election-law-changes-would-make/

Mich. GOP’s proposed election law changes would make it harder to vote

Republicans in Michigan’s Senate recently unveiled a massive package of proposed changes to election laws that they say will improve voting security and integrity, and boost voters’ confidence in the election process. They’ve also pitched their reforms as expanding voting access. "This package is designed to make it easier for people to vote and ensure our elections are conducted fairly and honestly," state Sen. Michael MacDonald claimed in a statement, echoing similar claims from other Republican lawmakers. Voting rights advocates and election officials from both parties disagree. They point to bills that would impose stricter voter ID requirements — including a new one for absentee voters — shorten the deadline for returning absentee ballots via drop boxes, prohibit clerks from paying for postage on absentee ballot return envelopes, and restrict the secretary of state’s ability to make absentee ballot applications available to voters. Senate Republicans, for their part, cite other measures that would establish an early in-person voting day, enable some teenagers to pre-register to vote and allow some members of the military to electronically submit their ballots. Senate Majority Leader Mike Shirkey and Sen. Ruth Johnson, a former secretary of state who chairs the Senate Elections Committee, have pointed to these changes in claiming the package would make it "easier to vote." Ottawa County Clerk Justin Roebuck, a Republican who co-chairs the Michigan Association of County Clerks’ legislative committee, said he wouldn’t characterize the package as improving voters’ experience. "I don’t think there’s any way that you can claim that taken as a whole, it would make voting easier," he said. PolitiFact Michigan took a look at the proposed changes and their potential impact on voters, especially absentee voters, who made up a majority in the 2020 general election. We found that on balance, the changes would make it harder — not easier — to vote. MacDonald didn’t respond to a request for an interview.  Legislative push follows surge in absentee voting The Republican legislative push comes after a November 2020 election that saw a record 5.5 million votes cast in Michigan, including more than 3.3 million absentee ballots. More Michiganders have had access to absentee ballots since 2018, when voters overwhelmingly approved a constitutional amendment to give every voter the right to vote absentee for any reason. "Millions of Michiganders used that right last year and will certainly want and seek to use it in the future," said Sharon Dolente, a voting rights attorney and senior adviser for Promote the Vote MI. The GOP bills would make it harder for those voters, she said. And with the proposed voter ID requirement for in-person voting, "one could argue that it is imposing burdens on every single registered voter whether they choose to vote absentee or on Election Day." New ID burdens for absentee voters Four bills propose major changes to the current process for absentee voting. One bill would require voters to attach a paper copy of their ID to their application for an absentee ballot. That places a burden on voters by requiring them to own or have access to a copier or printer. The bill would allow voters requesting an absentee ballot to present their ID or a copy in person to their local clerk. Under Michigan’s constitution, voters have the right to choose whether to apply for an absentee ballot in person or by mail. The ID requirement could interfere with that choice. "If you are requiring an individual to come in person to show their ID, you have ostensibly eliminated their opportunity to utilize the mail unless they have the financial means to have a printer, paper, ink," Dolente said. Voters who don’t show their ID with their ballot application would be issued a provisional ballot. Under the Senate Republican plan, they would have to verify their identify within six days of an election in order for their vote to count. That could lead to a higher rejection rate of absentee ballots. Earlier deadline for ballots returned to drop boxes, and ban on prepaid postage Another bill would bar voters from returning absentee ballots via a drop box after 5 p.m. the day before an election; clerks would have to lock it at that time. Under current law, voters have until 8 p.m. on Election Day, which is when polls close statewide. Ingham County Clerk Barb Byrum, a Democrat who co-chairs the legislative committee with Roebuck, said that having a separate deadline for returning absentee ballots via a drop box "is throwing up more walls between the voter and the ballot box." And Dolente said it could end up excluding them. "I could see voters showing up after 5 p.m. not knowing the deadline … on their way home from work with their ballots and then potentially not ever coming back again." Senate Republicans also propose barring local clerks from providing prepaid postage on return envelopes for absentee ballots, and barring the secretary of state from funding prepaid postage. Voters would have to add and pay for postage themselves. During the November 2020 election, 183 clerks across Michigan requested reimbursement to cover prepaid postage for 977,705 absentee ballot return envelopes, according to the secretary of state’s office. Limits on secretary of state’s power to distribute ballot applications Senate Republicans also introduced a bill that would prohibit two steps that Secretary of State Jocelyn Benson took in 2020 to encourage absentee voting amid the pandemic: mailing absentee ballot applications to all registered voters, and providing an online application on the Department of State’s website. Dolente said that the mailing of applications "made sure that everybody knew about their right" to vote absentee "and had the means to exercise that right." And nearly 400,000 voters in the November election submitted applications through the Department of State’s website, according to the secretary of state’s office. Without an application on that site, voters would have to turn to their local clerk’s website, which might not post the application, Dolente said. Voting rights advocates have also expressed concern over a bill that would ramp up identification requirements for in-person voting. Currently, Michigan voters who don’t have an ID with them vote can sign an affidavit attesting to their identity and vote normally. The bill would require that these voters be issued provisional ballots instead. Would any bills make it easier to vote? Abby Walls, who handles communications for the Michigan Senate Republican caucus, denied that the package would limit absentee ballot access and pointed to other bills in the package to support Republicans’ claims that they would make it "easier for people to vote." One bill would allow teens as young as 16 to pre-register to vote if they’ve been issued a drivers license or state ID. The package also includes a bill that would allow active-duty service members deployed at the time of an election to cast a ballot electronically. These measures would impact a subset of the voting population. One bill would create a single day of early in-person voting on a Saturday two weeks before Election Day. Many states offer a much longer early voting window, according to the National Conference of State Legislatures. Byrum said these measures don’t offset the proposals that would make voting harder for millions of voters. "Any time… a package of legislation disenfranchises one voter, that cannot be negated by decent legislation or decent portions of a bill." Roebuck said the onus rests on Republican lawmakers to show why changes he said would make voting harder are necessary. "If we have a massive amount of absentee ballot fraud due to people receiving applications or due to people having their postage paid … We have to deal with that. So then prove to me where that is because I want to see that before I can get behind legislation that would negatively impact my voters." Walls did not respond to a request for evidence of significant voter fraud that would explain the changes to postage and ballot application rules. Our ruling MacDonald claimed that Senate Republicans’ election bills are "designed to make it easier for people to vote." While the package contains some measures that expand voting access, it includes more substantial changes that would make it harder to vote in Michigan for many people. We rate this claim Mostly False.

Elections,Voter ID Laws,Michigan,Michael MacDonald

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Facebook posts

2021-03-25 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

“If I don’t take the vaccine, I’m at risk for covid. If I do take the vaccine, I’m still at risk for covid PLUS I’m at risk for permanent vaccine side effects. Therefore I’m reducing my risk by not taking the vaccine. That’s the real science.”

Tom Kertscher

2021-03-31 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/mar/31/facebook-posts/no-its-not-safer-skip-covid-19-vaccine-avoid-perma/

No, it’s not safer to skip the COVID-19 vaccine to avoid permanent side effects

One argument for not getting a coronavirus vaccination goes like this: Even if you get vaccinated, it’s possible to get COVID-19; the vaccines can have "permanent" side effects; so, it’s safer not to get vaccinated.  The argument is made in a post widely shared on Instagram that says: "If I don’t take the vaccine, I’m at risk for covid. If I do take the vaccine, I’m still at risk for covid PLUS I’m at risk for permanent vaccine side effects. Therefore I’m reducing my risk by not taking the vaccine. That’s the real science."  The post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.) What the science shows is vaccines dramatically reduce the chances of getting COVID-19. And if you do contract COVID-19 even after a vaccine, you’re less likely to get seriously sick, thanks to the work of the vaccine. As for permanent side effects, this is an area still being studied. But as one virologist put it, the risk "is extremely low to the point of being almost impossible to measure." Vaccine: High levels of protection The Food and Drug Administration has granted emergency use authorization to three coronavirus vaccines: one from Pfizer-BioNTech, one from Moderna, and one from Johnson & Johnson. They were authorized following clinical trials that lasted months and included tens of thousands of participants. The FDA found "no specific safety concerns" associated with any of the three vaccines.  According to the private Mayo Clinic, based in Rochester, Minn., the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine is 95% effective in preventing the COVID-19 virus with symptoms; the rate for Moderna is 94% and for Johnson & Johnson, 66%, based on clinical trials. A federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention study published March 29 found that the Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna vaccines reduce risk of infection by 90% after the full course of two shots and by 80% two weeks after the first shot. The study was done under "real-world conditions": 3,950 health care personnel, first responders, and other essential and frontline workers were tested for 13 consecutive weeks. A study published Feb. 24 in the New England Journal of Medicine found that two doses of the Pfizer vaccine provided nearly 90% protection. That study, in Israel, compared 596,618 unvaccinated people with 596,618 people who were vaccinated. Some people who are fully vaccinated against COVID-19 will still get infected — but based on clinical studies, the vaccine can keep them from getting seriously ill, according to the CDC. Vaccinations are widely recommended because, even though many people with COVID-19 have only a mild illness, others may get a severe illness, have long-term health effects or die — and there is no way to know how COVID-19 will affect you, even if you don’t have an increased risk of developing severe complications, the CDC says. No evidence of ‘permanent side effects’ Because clinical trials started in the summer of 2020, it’s not yet clear if the COVID-19 vaccines could result in some long-term side effects, but vaccines rarely cause long-term side effects, the Mayo Clinic says. Although data on side effects "is still emerging, and the CDC is tracking this in the U.S., the risk of permanent side effects is extremely low to the point of being almost impossible to measure," said Angela Rasmussen, a virologist at the Center for Global Health Science and Security at Georgetown University Medical Center. "There is no significant risk of permanent injury with any of the vaccines available in the U.S." Most cases of severe, systemic adverse events from any of the COVID-19 vaccines currently authorized in the U.S are anaphylactic shock, a severe allergic reaction that occurs in about 1 in 1 million cases, Rasmussen said. It does not cause long-term permanent injury if treated promptly, she said. "There really have been little to no reports of permanent side effects, conclusively attributed to the vaccines, to date," said Dr. Amesh Adalja, an infectious-disease specialist and senior scholar at the Johns Hopkins University Center for Health Security. More than 145 million doses of COVID-19 vaccines were administered in the U.S. from Dec. 14, 2020, through March 29. Among them, 2,509 deaths were reported (0.0017%). According to the CDC, reviews by physicians from the CDC and the FDA "revealed no evidence that vaccination contributed to patient deaths." Our ruling A widely shared Instagram post stated: "If I don’t take the vaccine, I’m at risk for covid. If I do take the vaccine, I’m still at risk for covid PLUS I’m at risk for permanent vaccine side effects. Therefore I’m reducing my risk by not taking the vaccine. That’s the real science." Science shows that the three COVID-19 vaccines authorized in the U.S. reduce the likelihood of infection by 66% to 95% — and make it less likely that you’ll get seriously ill if you do contract COVID-19 after being vaccinated. There is no evidence the vaccines cause permanent side effects. We rate the post False.

Public Health,Facebook Fact-checks,Coronavirus,Facebook posts

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422, 499, 656, 5226, 20562, 12, 777, 1306, 1694, 70558, 13, 2684, 374, 912, 6029, 279, 40300, 5353, 15690, 3185, 6372, 627, 1687, 4478, 279, 1772, 3641, 627]

Instagram posts

2021-03-30 00:00:00

an Instagram post:

Calls COVID-19 vaccine a “non-FDA-approved experimental agent.”

Jon Greenberg

2021-03-31 00:00:00

barely-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/mar/31/instagram-posts/instagram-post-overlooks-fda-sign-covid-19-vaccine/

Instagram post overlooks FDA sign-off on COVID-19 vaccines

An Instagram post from a Tampa Bay nurse casts doubt on the value of the COVID-19 vaccines. "So, you injected the non-FDA-approved experimental agent, but you still have to wear a mask and social distance?" the March 30 post asks. "Does that imply the jab, the mask and the social distancing don’t work? #sodumb" Here, we check the claim that any of the COVID-19 vaccines rely on a "non-FDA-approved experimental agent." FDA is the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. The claim’s main flaw is it fails to reflect that the FDA authorized the vaccines after months of clinical testing. Emergency Use Authorization In a public health emergency, there’s a defined process to expedite the use of promising drugs. The rationale is that during a crisis that poses an immediate threat to peoples’ lives, it is unethical to stick with the conventional approval process. The new drugs must be fully tested in clinical trials involving tens of thousands of participants. Drug makers have to submit reports on the outcomes and effects on every participant. The chemistry behind the drug, details of the manufacturing process, and the details of the quality controls in place are also required. The data has to show that the drug is both safe and effective. The FDA issued emergency use authorizations for the Pfizer, Moderna and Johnson and Johnson vaccines. While that falls short of a final approval, Northwestern University professor of medical ethics Seema Shah said that’s a distinction with little difference. "An emergency use authorization has a slightly lower bar to cross than full approval, but has come about after a comprehensive review of the data," Shah said. "Most of the steps cut out by the FDA have to do more with paperwork than with stringency of review." Drug makers must continue to monitor and report any negative outcomes that follow vaccination. That ongoing process underlies the dispute over how to describe the vaccines. A battle over words While vaccine skeptics often use the term "experimental agent" when referring to the vaccines, the FDA refers to the drugs as "investigational vaccines." The agency’s authorization letters tell drug makers to file "periodic safety reports at monthly intervals" under an "investigational new drug" tracking system. The manner in which the words are applied "is linked to interpretation," said Ross Upshur, head of the Division of Clinical Public Health at the Dalla Lana School of Public Health in Toronto. "Experimental agent" emphasizes uncertainty. "Investigational" links back to the clinical trials that preceded the emergency authorization. The nurse behind the post, Erin Marie Olszewski, has appeared on the conservative networks Fox News and One America News. We emailed her through her website and did not hear back. Our ruling An Instagram post described the COVID-19 vaccine as a "non-FDA-approved experimental agent." While the vaccines await full FDA approval, the FDA formally authorized their use after reviewing months of data involving tens of thousands of clinical trial participants. Experts in medical ethics said there’s little difference between the trial results that lead to emergency use authorization and final approval. Evaluation of the vaccines continues and drug makers must file monthly reports on any adverse outcomes. We rate this claim Mostly False.  

National,Facebook Fact-checks,Coronavirus,Instagram posts

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Facebook posts

2021-03-29 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

A map shows “all the cargo ships backed up by the Suez Canal. Get ready for shortages and prices to skyrocket.”

Gabrielle Settles

2021-03-31 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/mar/31/facebook-posts/map-ship-traffic-doesnt-show-suez-canal/

Map of ship traffic doesn’t show the Suez Canal

The giant freighter Ever Given has been freed after six days, and other cargo ships are finally moving through the Suez Canal. But the impact of the maritime traffic jam will be felt for a while, says a Facebook post shared on March 29, the day the ship was refloated. The post shows a map of a body of water around the Arabian Peninsula and a dense cluster of triangles, circles and other shapes representing ships apparently bottlenecked in one area.  The Facebook caption reads: "These are all the cargo ships backed up by the Suez canal. Get ready for shortages and prices to skyrocket."  The problem with the image: The water in the map isn't the Suez Canal. The post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.) We took out our own maps to figure out what the Facebook post was showing, and found that the cluster of ships it depicted was at least a thousand miles away.  The Suez Canal is located in Egypt, and it connects the Red Sea to the Mediterranean. It’s used heavily as a quick shipping route for cargo ships traveling between Europe and Asia.  The map in the Facebook post shows bodies of water flowing from the Arabian Sea. At the top of the map, between Iran and Saudi Arabia, is the Persian Gulf, and to the south is the Gulf of Aden, between Yemen, Djibouti and Eritrea.  Both areas carry a lot of shipping traffic, but the backup from the Suez Canal didn’t stretch to the Persian Gulf. The posted map was originally created by Marine Traffic, a provider of ship tracking and maritime intelligence.  Georgios Hatzimanolis, media strategist for Marine Traffic, clarified that the map in the Facebook post shows normal traffic in the area, not unusual congestion. Hatzimanolis also explained what the colored shapes mean: green for cargo ships, red for tankers, and blue for passenger ships. As for the second half of the Facebook post, will we see product shortages and skyrocketing prices because of the delays at the Suez Canal? No, says Gary Hufbauer, nonresident senior fellow at the Peterson Institute for International Economics. "The claim that ‘prices will skyrocket’ is a HUGE exaggeration," Hufbauer said in an email. "I don’t think any price surge will be noted in the U.S., and only small blips in Europe at most." Hufbauer explained that this is because most U.S. imports from Asia come across the Pacific to the West Coast, or through the Panama Canal to the East Coast.  A report from Forbes backs this up, saying that trade with the U.S. will be minimally affected. Additional reports cite a study from analytics companies Dun & Bradstreet and E2open, which says that while industries in the U.S. will be affected, Western Europe will be the region that’s hardest hit. Our ruling A Facebook post showing a map of maritime traffic says, "These are all the cargo ships backed up by the Suez Canal. Get ready for shortages and prices to skyrocket."  The map doesn’t show the Suez Canal. It shows normal traffic in a different area, around the Arabian Sea, the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Aden. Experts say the impact of the six-day blockage of the Suez Canal will be minimal in the U.S. We rate this post False.

Trade,Facebook Fact-checks,Facebook posts

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Instagram posts

2021-03-25 00:00:00

an Instagram post:

Says H.R. 1 gives immigrants illegally in the country “the right to vote.”

Noah Y. Kim

2021-03-31 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/mar/31/instagram-posts/hr-1-does-not-give-immigrants-illegally-country-ri/

H.R. 1 does not give immigrants illegally in the country the right to vote

Some social media users are spreading a misleading claim about a Democratic proposal to expand voting rights. They claim that the bill, H.R. 1, gives immigrants illegally in the country the right to vote.  "For all of you who can’t think for yourself on the left … you cry endlessly about ‘foreign interference’ yet you’re totally ok with allowing ILLEGALS the right to vote by backing H.R. 1," reads an Instagram post.  The post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.)  The bill’s goal is to make it easier for eligible American citizens to register to vote. It doesn’t change federal law that bars noncitizens from voting in federal elections.  "Nothing in the proposed statute would make it legal for noncitizens to register and/or vote," said Rebecca Green, professor and co-director of the Election Law Program at William & Mary Law School. "There are federal and state criminal sanctions prohibiting noncitizens from registering and voting, which H.R. 1 does nothing to disturb."  No change to citizenship requirement to vote The Instagram post doesn’t include any evidence for its assertions. But claims that the legislation would allow noncitizens to vote have often revolved around its provisions about automatic voter registration.  Under the bill, people interacting with government offices — such as a motor-vehicle    or public-assistance agency — will have their information forwarded to election officials for registration purposes, unless they opt out.  But nothing about this automatic registration allows noncitizens to vote or register to vote. The bill specifically says that only "eligible citizens" will be registered under this provision.  If a person’s citizenship status isn’t on file at the government office, that person will have to fill out a registration form attesting to their citizenship. Noncitizens who falsify their citizenship status on one of these applications would be risking criminal sanction, Green said.  Those who violate the law by voting or registering to vote can face incarceration, deportation or fines.  Nearly 20 states and the District of Columbia have already either passed or implemented automatic voter registration, according to the Brennan Center for Justice. There is no evidence that these options have led to significant numbers of noncitizens becoming registered to vote, Danielle Lang, a voting expert at the Campaign Legal Center, previously told PolitiFact.  Opponents of H.R. 1 have pointed to a glitch in California’s automatic voter registration program in 2018, which erroneously registered thousands of people to vote, including at least one noncitizen. Officials said that the error resulted from a programming flaw, and that they canceled the registrations and fixed the system. Any mail-in ballots sent to people who were mistakenly registered weren’t counted on Election Day.  H.R. 1 also contains a provision stating that ineligible immigrants registered in error like the noncitizen in California can’t be prosecuted for their immigration status. But anybody who lies during registration or intentionally misleads officials could still face prosecution.  Our ruling An Instagram post says that H.R. 1 would give immigrants illegally in the country the right to vote. The bill doesn’t do that. H.R. 1 keeps in place federal and state criminal laws that prohibit noncitizens from voting or registering to vote. This claim is False.

Voter ID Laws,Facebook Fact-checks,Instagram posts

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Bloggers

2021-03-28 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

“From Europe: 3,964 people have died from adverse drug reactions for COVID-19 ‘vaccines’ – 162,610 injuries.”

Andy Nguyen

2021-03-31 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/mar/31/blog-posting/european-database-does-not-prove-covid-19-vaccines/

European database does not prove the COVID-19 vaccines are lethal

As states across the U.S. expand the eligibility for getting a COVID-19 shot, a conservative website blasted out a warning from Europe. The Gateway Pundit claimed two of the vaccines being used in the United States are behind thousands of deaths and injuries in Europe. "From Europe: 3,964 people have died from adverse drug reactions for COVID-19 ‘vaccines’ – 162,610 injuries," said the headline of the March 28 story, which was shared on Facebook. The Facebook post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.) The Gateway Pundit cites information from Global Research, a Canadian website run by the Centre for Research on Globalization, which was accused by NATO of posting conspiracy theories, spreading Russian disinformation and undermining Western media. The post specifically looks at vaccines from Pfizer/BioNTech, Moderna and AstraZeneca, offering a breakdown of the different injuries and deaths purportedly associated with each vaccine using numbers from a European Union-maintained database called EudraVigilance. The implication is the COVID-19 vaccines are harmful and could result in injury or death. However, the numbers are taken out of context to exaggerate the risk of vaccines. The EudraVigilance database itself cautions the information it collects is for "suspected side effects ... but which are not necessarily related to our caused by the medicine." "Information on suspected side effects should not be interpreted as meaning that the medicine or the active substance causes the observed effect or is unsafe to use," EudraVigilance’s website says. "Only a detailed evaluation and scientific assessment of all available data allows for robust conclusions to be drawn on the benefits and risks of a medicine." Taking the raw data of possible COVID-19 vaccination reactions at face value and using them without context is an oft-used tactic by people attempting to undermine public confidence in the vaccines, according to the New York Times. They frequently interpret the numbers from EudraVigilance or from its United States counterpart, the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System, as evidence of the vaccines’ dangers.     Since VAERS doesn’t show whether an adverse event was caused by the vaccine or occurred coincidentally, it’s generally not useful on its own for assessing whether a vaccine poses a risk to human health, Dr. Walter Orenstein, associate director of the Emory Vaccine Center in Atlanta, previously told PolitiFact. The numbers shared by both the European and American databases have also not been thoroughly vetted independently by scientists. In some cases, the reactions are self-reported. A doctor once successfully reported to VAERS the flu vaccine had turned him into The Hulk, a Marvel Comics character, in an effort to show the possible dangers of blindly relying on the data. It’s too early to tell if the reactions that are being reported are merely coincidental. Regardless, health agencies in the United States and abroad continue to monitor the vaccines’ safety. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has been able to confirm extremely rare cases of people developing a severe allergic reaction to their vaccinations. Those reactions occur in about two to five people per 1 million who are vaccinated and can be treated quickly. There hasn’t been any definitive proof that a COVID-19 vaccination led to someone’s death. So far, U.S. regulators have granted emergency use authorization to three vaccines — they come from Pfizer/BioNTech, Moderna and Johnson & Johnson. The CDC says the vaccines in use in the U.S. are safe and effective.  AstraZeneca has not yet asked the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for emergency use authorization for its COVID-19 vaccine. A possible blood clotting issue, reported in Germany in relation to the AstraZeneca vaccine is currently under study and is said to be extremely rare. While several countries suspended the vaccine’s use for certain groups, a definitive link has not yet been found. Our ruling A post claimed that in Europe "3,964 people have died from adverse drug reactions for COVID-19 ‘vaccines’ – 162,610 injuries." That’s a misrepresentation of information in an European database that tracks suspected reactions to medicines, including COVID-19 vaccines. The agency behind the database cautions that the information is only of suspected side effects, and that it should not be interpreted as meaning that the medicine caused the effects or that it’s unsafe. A detailed evaluation and scientific assessment of all available data is needed before drawing conclusions, the agency said. The COVID-19 vaccines have been administered to millions of people across Europe and the United States, and health agencies have vouched for their safety and effectiveness. We found no definitive proof that a COVID-19 vaccine caused someone’s death. We rate this claim False.  RELATED: Why you shouldn’t worry about getting Bell’s Palsy from the Pfizer COVID-19 vaccine RELATED: The ‘shaking’ COVID-19 vaccine side-effect videos and what we know about them

Public Health,Facebook Fact-checks,Coronavirus,Bloggers

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Facebook posts

2021-03-25 00:00:00

an onl

If the voting bill H.R. 1 is passed, “absentee ballots would be mailed out to anyone without proof of the voter’s identity.”

Louis Jacobson

2021-03-31 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/mar/31/facebook-posts/facebook-post-gets-it-wrong-vote-mail-under-hr-1/

Facebook post gets it wrong on vote-by-mail under H.R. 1

An expansive voting rights bill that passed the House has inspired a flood of claims on social media. The measure, known as H.R. 1 or the For the People Act, passed the House narrowly on a near-party-line vote, and the bill is now under consideration in the Senate. A conservative group posted a video to Facebook that calls the bill a "recipe for disaster." The video says in part, "The 2020 election was a procedural nightmare. Many people wonder whether it was fair and honest. And now Nancy Pelosi and the Democrats want to make all of that permanent with what they call the For the People Act. If passed, it would put Congress in charge of our elections. Absentee ballots would be mailed out to anyone without proof of the voter’s identity." The Facebook post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.) The 2020 election saw record turnout, and widespread use of absentee ballots, due in part to the pandemic. A joint statement by federal and state election officials on Nov. 12 declared the 2020 election "the most secure in American history." But here, we will focus on the statement that, if the bill is passed, "absentee ballots would be mailed out to anyone without proof of the voter’s identity." In short, it’s inaccurate. The Conservative Caucus did not reply to an inquiry. All-mail elections The group’s statement describes elements of a process used by a handful of states that use "all-mail elections," and suggests that they would be universal if the bill is passed. In all-mail elections, ballots are automatically mailed to every registered voter. "The voter marks the ballot, puts it in a secrecy envelope or sleeve and then into a separate mailing envelope, signs an affidavit on the exterior of the mailing envelope, and returns the package via mail or by dropping it off," according to the National Conference of State Legislatures. This system is used in Colorado, Hawaii, Oregon, Washington state and Utah. In addition, California has moved to temporarily extend its use of all-mail voting after adopting it during the coronavirus pandemic. Some all-mail election states offer an in-person alternative for voting as well, but it’s used infrequently. The key point for our analysis of H.R. 1 is that the bill doesn’t force any state to adopt the all-mail system and send out ballots automatically. Rather, the bill’s focus is on making it easier for registered voters who choose to cast their ballot by mail. The bill requires states to give everyone access to voting by mail if they want to use it. And under the bill, those mail ballots would be sent to registered voters who want them, not "anyone." Because they’re registered, their identity would already be known to state election officials.  Opting in to mail voting In states that don’t use all-mail voting, voters typically have to request a mail ballot. H.R. 1 would allow eligible voters to request a mail ballot in person, online, by phone, or by mail, and they wouldn’t have to give a reason. Some states currently require a voter to present a valid excuse for voting by mail. In addition, H.R. 1 lets states treat one request for a mail ballot as that voter’s default choice for future elections. The bill doesn’t require this, but it offers states the option. So the video’s claim of ballots being sent "without proof of the voter’s identity" is false. The voter would be registered, so their initial application and supporting information would be on file. And in many cases, a voter would have also filed a second form to request a mail ballot.  H.R. 1 says that a valid registration requires the applicant to have "substantially completed the application form and attested to" the statements in it.  Automatic voter registration H.R. 1 also requires that states offer "automatic voter registration," a system by which other state agencies, such as the department of motor vehicles, automatically register new voters,  subject to verification of their eligibility. (Individuals could decline to register by opting out.)  Nationally, nearly 20 states and the District of Columbia already use this system, including such Republican-run states as Alaska and West Virginia. This provision of H.R. 1 is about registering to vote, not mailing ballots. Only in the all-mail states would ballots go out automatically to these newly registered voters. Automatic sending of mail-ballot applications H.R. 1 does require states that aren’t all-mail to send out absentee ballot application forms to all registered voters, no later than 60 days before a federal election. But this provision doesn’t support the claim in the video that "absentee ballots" are being mailed out. A ballot application, once completed and returned by the voter, is just a request for a mailed ballot. And under the bill, the application forms would be sent to registered voters only.  Our ruling The post says that if the voting bill H.R. 1 is passed, "absentee ballots would be mailed out to anyone without proof of the voter’s identity." That’s not the case. A few states already do send ballots to all registered voters, but their process would not be changed by the bill. In every other state, registered voters would typically have to request a mail ballot to receive one. The bill would require states to make it easier for voters to do that. The bill would require states to send mail ballot applications to all registered voters before federal elections, but sending an application is not the same thing as sending an actual ballot, and these would go to registered voters only, whose identity and eligibility to vote are known.  We rate the statement False.

Elections,Facebook Fact-checks,Facebook posts

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Facebook posts

2021-03-30 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

U.S. Rep. Matt Gaetz was the lone vote in the House against an anti-human trafficking bill.

Amy Sherman

2021-03-31 00:00:00

true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/mar/31/facebook-posts/yes-matt-gaetz-was-lone-no-vote-human-trafficking-/

Yes, Matt Gaetz was the only no vote on 2017 human trafficking bill

U.S. Rep. Matt Gaetz’s vote against a human trafficking bill back in 2017 is popping up on social media following a New York Times report that federal authorities are investigating whether Gaetz violated human trafficking laws. The New York Times reported based on unnamed sources that the Justice Department is investigating whether Gaetz, a Florida Republican, had a sexual relationship with a 17-year-old girl and paid for her to travel with him. The newspaper reported that the investigation started during the final months of the Trump administration and is part of a broader investigation into a Gaetz ally, Joel Greenberg, a former tax collector in Seminole County who was indicted on charges including sex trafficking. Gaetz has not been charged. Gaetz said on Twitter and told the New York Times, Axios and Fox News that the allegations are false and are part of an effort to extort $25 million from him and his family.  A Facebook post used the popular "how it started, how it’s going" meme to juxtapose the Justice Department investigation with Gaetz’s past vote on a bill in Congress. How it started: "Matt Gaetz defends lone no vote on anti-human trafficking bill." How it’s going: "The DOJ is reportedly investigating whether Rep. Matt Gaetz had a sexual relationship with a 17-year-old and violated sex-trafficking laws," taken from a Business Insider headline. The Facebook post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.)  In this case, it’s accurate to say that Gaetz was the only member to vote against such a measure in 2017. The Facebook post could be interpreted to suggest that his 2017 vote led to or is somehow tied to the Justice Department investigation, but that isn’t proven, and it’s not the focus of our fact-check. Gaetz really was the only vote against an anti-human trafficking bill that Trump signed into law. The reason he offered at the time was not on the bill’s substance, but in favor of limiting government.  The Combating Human Trafficking in Commercial Vehicles Act passed the Senate by unanimous consent in September 2017. When the House passed the bill in December 2017, Gaetz was the only no vote. President Donald Trump signed the bill into law in January 2018. The bill directed the Transportation Department to designate an official to coordinate human trafficking prevention efforts and called for establishing an advisory committee on human trafficking. The committee submitted a 128-page report in July 2019 that included recommendations to combat human trafficking. Following coverage of his vote in his home newspaper, the Northwest Florida Daily News,  Gaetz went on Facebook live to explain his opposition. Gaetz called the bill "mission creep" and an "expansion of the federal government" beyond what is in the Constitution.  Gaetz said when a proposed bill creates a new government entity or board, his office scrutinizes the legislation. "Unless there is an overwhelming, compelling reason that our existing agencies in the federal government can't handle that problem, I vote no because voters in Northwest Florida did not send me to Washington to go and create more federal government," Gaetz said. "If anything, we should be abolishing a lot of the agencies at the federal level like the Department of Education, like the EPA and sending that power back to our state governments." However, Gaetz said it is important to combat human trafficking — and said when he was in the state Legislaure he worked to make it easier for prosecutors to bring cases against human traffickers. We contacted Gaetz’s congressional office to ask them to point to a bill he appeared to reference but did not receive a reply by our deadline. Our ruling A Facebook post said Gaetz was the lone vote in the House against an anti-human trafficking bill. In 2017, Gaetz was the lone vote against a bill that directed federal officials to take steps to combat human trafficking, including the creation of an advisory committee. Gaetz said that combating human trafficking was important, but he was against creating a new federal entity to do so. We rate this statement True.  RELATED: U.S. Rep. Matt Gaetz, R-Fla., on the Truth-O-Meter RELATED: Graph showing rising human trafficking arrests under Trump draws on bogus data

National,Congress,Florida,Facebook Fact-checks,Facebook posts

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Facebook posts

2021-03-28 00:00:00

a video on Facebook:

Video says COVID-19 vaccines are “weapons of mass destruction” that “could wipe out the human race.”

Madison Czopek

2021-03-31 00:00:00

pants-fire

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/mar/31/facebook-posts/no-covid-19-vaccines-are-not-weapons-mass-destruct/

No, the COVID-19 vaccines are not weapons of mass destruction

In a nearly 22-minute long Facebook video, a man who identifies himself as Dr. Vernon Coleman has a lot to say about the COVID-19 vaccines. The video post is titled, "Covid-19 [email protected] Are Weapons of Mass Destruction - and Could Wipe out the Human Race." (The misspelling of "vaccines" is intentional — it helps posters avoid Facebook’s moderation of anti-vaccine misinformation.) "We all know that the evil elite — the Agenda 21 and Great Reset promoters — have all along intended to kill between 90 and 95% of the world’s population," Coleman says in the video. "Sadly I fear it’s already too late to save many of those who’ve had the vaccine. Millions are doomed, and I fear that many will die when they next come in contact with the coronavirus." Coleman also goes on to reiterate that he believes the vaccines "could kill more people than COVID-19," and that it "now seems likely that the vaccines may be responsible for the deaths of hundreds of millions who haven’t been vaccinated."  The post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.) This is not the first time PolitiFact has debunked Coleman’s conspiracy theories about the coronavirus vaccines. The largely self-published British writer has denied the existence of HIV/AIDS and in 2019 authored a book aimed at discrediting trust in vaccines.  A qualified and practicing general practitioner in the 1970s, Coleman is no longer licensed to practice medicine. The UK’s Advertising Standards Authority has also repeatedly taken issue with how Coleman’s work is advertised and promoted.  The video’s claim about the COVID-19 vaccines is rooted in what have come to be referred to as the "Great Reset" and "Agenda 21" conspiracy theories.  Essentially, the "Great Reset" theory is that a group of "global elites want to use the coronavirus as a tool to reorganize global societies and economies to their benefit at the expense of ordinary people, with the ultimate goal of a global totalitarian regime." Revived during the COVID-19 pandemic, the "Agenda 21" conspiracy theory dates back to a UN document from the early 90s and similarly holds that "a secret plot to impose a totalitarian world government" is in motion. There is no evidence to support these widely debunked theories, which have also been linked with the QAnon conspiracy theory. There is also no definitive evidence that deaths have been caused by COVID-19 vaccines. Various fact-checking outlets have reported that there is no clear evidence the coronavirus vaccinations have killed or will kill anyone — let alone kill millions. Even deaths that occur after someone has received a COVID-19 vaccine are not necessarily caused by the vaccine itself. Experts who work with the Vaccine Adverse Events Reporting System, a national database that monitors vaccine safety by recording health issues that occur after vaccinations, say that isolated experiences — even deaths — do not establish causation.  Paul Offit, director of the Vaccine Education Center at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, told PolitiFact that reports of deaths following COVID-19 vaccinations "can never answer the question of whether a vaccine causes a particular outcome." Only a study with a control group can establish causation, he said.  The COVID-19 vaccines approved in the U.S. have been proven to be safe and effective in tens of thousands of people who participated in clinical trials. Our ruling A video circulating on Facebook claims COVID-19 vaccines are "weapons of mass destruction" that "could wipe out the human race."   The claim is linked to widely-debunked conspiracy theories about a group of so-called global elites’ "secret plot" to create a totalitarian world government and purge a large portion of the planet’s population. There is no evidence to support the claim that the COVID-19 vaccines are "weapons of mass destruction" that will cause widespread deaths.  The video’s claim is inaccurate and ridiculous. We rate it Pants on Fire!

Facebook Fact-checks,Coronavirus,Facebook posts

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Elaine Luria

2021-01-31 00:00:00

a campaign f

On accepting corporate PAC donations

Warren Fiske

2021-02-05 00:00:00

full-flop

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/feb/05/elaine-luria/elaine-luria-reverses-pledge-refuse-corporate-pac-/

Elaine Luria flips on pledge to refuse corporate PAC money

During the final weeks of 2020, U.S. Rep. Elaine Luria accepted $34,000 in corporate PAC contributions to pay down debt from her recently successful reelection campaign. Her actions disappointed End Citizens United, a Washington-based public interest group seeking to reform campaign finance laws. It accused her of breaking a pledge not to accept corporate donations. So, we measured on the Flip-O-Meter whether Luria - a Democrat from the 2nd Congressional District anchored in Virginia Beach - has changed her stance on taking corporate contributions. Luria then  In 2018, Luria won a Democratic primary for Congress and then narrowly unseated Republican incumbent Scott Taylor in the general election. On April 13, 2018, Luria issued a press release announcing she had been endorsed by End Citizens United. She wrote, "Our campaign finance system is broken and as a result politicians are listening to corporations and mega-donors instead of the people they were elected to serve. As a naval officer, I took a pledge to put people first and that’s why I am rejecting corporate PAC donations so coastal Virginians will know that I represent them and no one else." On April 25, 2018, Luria reacted on Facebook to a New York Times article in which a former congressman said he didn’t talk to lobbyists who hadn’t contributed to his campaign. Luria wrote, "This kind of pay-to-play governance is unacceptable, that's why I've pledged to reject corporate PAC donations." On July 16, 2018, Luria’s campaign put out a news release amplifying that she had raised more money than Taylor, even though Taylor was accepting corporate contributions. "Elaine pledged to reject corporate PAC contributions and is committed to living her value of reforming campaign finance laws," the release said.   Luria said during a debate on Oct. 23, 2018, "I can tell you that a key tenet in my campaign is that I am not accepting any corporate PAC contributions: Not from prescription drug companies, not from oil companies, not from health care companies, not from private prisons, not from anyone who can influence my vote when I go to Washington." Luria now Luria defeated Taylor again in a 2020 rematch. We found no record of her mentioning corporate PAC money during the campaign. She did not fill out a questionnaire from End Citizens United and did not, this time, receive the organization’s endorsement. Luria didn’t list any corporate contributions on campaign finance reports filed with the Federal Election Commission covering from Jan. 1, 2019 through Nov. 23, 2020 - 20 days after the election. She reported her campaign ended the election $107,161 in debt. Her latest report covers from Nov. 24, 2020 to the end of the year, and was filed with the FEC on Jan. 31, 2021. It shows she accepted during that period $34,000 from 14 corporate PACs to pay down her campaign debt. The donations - ranging from $1,000 to $5,000, came from PACs connected to Boeing, Raytheon, General Dynamics, Rolls Royce, Altria, Google, Aflac, BAE Systems, BWX Technologies, McGuireWoods, Ernst & Young, Comcast, iHeartMedia, and Serco. We asked Kate Fegley, Luria’s campaign manager, why the congresswoman changed her stance on corporate PAC contributions. She said Luria’s 2018 pledge not to accept such money was good only for that year’s campaign - not future races. "Congresswoman Luria took the (End Citizens United) pledge in 2018 and fulfilled that pledge," Fegley emailed. "She did not take the pledge in 2020." Fegley wrote that corporate PACs "are an effective and transparent means for employees to show support for issues important to them and their lines of work through small dollar donations." Corporations are forbidden to use operating funds for direct contributions to candidates. Their PACs raise money through employees’ donations. Corporations can, however, pay PAC expenses and executives can sit on boards that direct the PAC’s political donations.  Fegley wrote that Luria is still committed to abolishing Super PACs that can raise unlimited and undisclosed contributions from individuals and companies and spend them to advocate for or against candidates. Super PACs are banned from donating directly to a candidate or coordinating their activities with political campaigns.  Luria "is committed to doing the work to root out dark money in our political system and is not beholden to any entity but her constituents," Fegley wrote. Our ruling Luria repeatedly vowed in her 2018 congressional campaign she would not accept corporate PAC donations. Then, in the weeks following her 2020 reelection, she took in a total $34,000 from 14 corporate PACs to pay down campaign debt.  Her campaign manager’s insistence that Luria’s pledges were only good for her 2018 race is irrelevant. Luria has clearly changed her position on accepting corporate PAC money and we rate it a Full Flop.  

Campaign Finance,Corporations,Virginia,Elaine Luria

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Christina Blackcloud

2021-01-23 00:00:00

a tweet:

The school voucher bill the Iowa Legislature is considering would "give your education tax dollars to corporations."

Seth Taylor

2021-02-04 00:00:00

mostly-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/feb/04/christina-blackcloud/iowa-school-choice-law-may-give-tax-dollars-corpor/

Iowa school choice law may give tax dollars to corporations

Iowa Republicans have forged ahead with efforts to dramatically change education policy in the state, while Democrats and some education leaders and teachers argue a school choice proposal from Gov. Kim Reynolds would divert money from public school systems that need it now more than ever. The push comes after Reynolds highlighted school choice in January during her Condition of the State Address. She argued that parents need flexibility when deciding where their children go to school, especially during a pandemic, but also because available services might vary dramatically from one public school district to another. "School choice shouldn’t be limited to those who have the financial means or are lucky to live in a district that’s confident enough to allow open enrollment," Reynolds said during her Jan. 12 address. Republicans quickly announced their support and the Iowa Senate passed SF 159 on Thursday, Jan. 28. The Iowa State Education Association, a prominent Iowa teachers’ union, launched a campaignagainst the bill and the Iowa-Nebraska NAACP argued that it disproportionately would disadvantage low-income families of color while hampering desegregation efforts. Another opponent was Christina Blackcloud, a Democratic activist from Tama, Iowa, who lost a bid last fall to unseat state Rep. Dean Fisher (R-Montour). Blackcloud tweeted on Jan. 23: "Can I be blunt? The school voucher bill that Republicans are trying to ram through the Iowa Legislature would give your education tax dollars to corporations in the hopes they will magically fix education…" The tweet had been retweeted 190 times and liked by more than 700 people as February started, but would tax dollars usually sent to public schools be sent to corporations? To answer that, we followed the money. The Iowa bill would give financial aid for private school tuition and other education costs to a student who otherwise would attend a public school determined by the federal Every Student Succeeds Act as needing "comprehensive support and improvement." The private school also would have to accept the student for enrollment. The financial aid would come from a Student First Scholarship Program that the bill would establish. That program would be funded by depositing into an account created for a student opting to attend a private school a portion of the per-pupil state funding that youth’s school district would have received to educate the student.  A report from the state’s Legislative Services Agency estimates that Iowa’s public school districts would lose $2.1 million that is diverted to private schools in 2023 if the governor’s plan passes.  The state money is raised through a combination of sources, including property taxes. The bill limits spending that money to "qualified educational expenses," which include tuition but also fees for tests such as advanced placement exams. Students opting out of their local public school could use state money to attend either private schools or charter schools. But those schools may or may not be considered corporations.  Technically, corporations are a group of individuals legally allowed to act as a single entity, and both public school districts and public charter schools are referred to as corporations in Iowa law. But that’s not the common understanding of what a corporation represents.  In an email exchange with PolitiFact, Blackcloud expressed concern that for-profit education service providers would be allowed to manage charter schools under Reynolds’ plan. She declined to clarify what she meant when describing private and charter schools as "corporations." Charter schools are privately run, publicly funded schools. Many are managed by outside organizations, which the Iowa bill calls "education service providers," that can be both for-profit and not-for-profit. SF 159 mandates that charter schools form as not-for-profit education organizations but says nothing about whether the education service providers the schools contract with must be for-profit or not-for-profit. The National Alliance for Public Charter Schools reported in 2019 that 12 percent of U.S. charter schools are managed by for-profit companies and 23 percent are managed by not-for-profit companies. The other 65 percent are independently managed.  In general, though, there’s no indication of how many charter schools in Iowa would be run by for-profit companies if Reynolds’ plan passes, especially as the plan would make forming charter schools much easier. That holds true for private schools as well.  Our ruling Blackcloud said, "The school voucher bill that Republicans are trying to ram through the Iowa Legislature would give your education tax dollars to corporations in the hopes they will magically fix education." In its current form, SF 159 reallocates money that normally would be spent in public school systems, instead supporting students attending nonpublic schools. That money would be handed over to schools that, under Iowa law, are considered corporations. But, other not-for-profit options will exist, too, for nonpublic schooling. We rate Blackcloud’s claim as Mostly True.

Corporations,Education,Iowa,Christina Blackcloud

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Viral image

2021-01-10 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

Says left-wing activist John Sullivan “incited (the) insurgence of (the) US Capitol.”

Bill McCarthy

2021-01-08 00:00:00

barely-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/jan/09/facebook-posts/facebook-posts-wrongly-claim-left-wing-activist-an/

Facebook posts wrongly claim left-wing activist, antifa ‘incited’ US Capitol mob

UPDATE, Jan. 15, 2021: Following the publication of this fact-check, John Sullivan was arrested Jan. 14 in Utah, the U.S. Justice Department announced. He was charged in a criminal complaint with one felony count of interfering with law enforcement in connection with a civil disorder, as well as misdemeanor charges of unlawful entry and disorderly conduct.  An affidavit from an FBI agent that was filed in support of the criminal complaint and arrest warrant noted that despite Sullivan’s claims that he was present as a journalist, he has no press credentials and is not affiliated with any journalistic organization. The affidavit does not say Sullivan led the mob. Social media users and allies of President Donald Trump have continued pushing the baseless claim that it was antifa activists, not Trump supporters, who mobbed the U.S. Capitol. There’s no evidence that the crowd was infiltrated or led by antifa activists in disguise, and specific individuals held up online as antifa activists have turned out to be Trump supporters. One man accused of being an "antifa thug," for example, is actually a supporter of the QAnon conspiracy theory. Another man labeled as an antifa activist is really a known neo-Nazi. But claims faulting antifa for the violence at the Capitol keep coming. The latest target is Utah’s John Sullivan, the founder of Insurgence USA, an activist group against police brutality. "Anti-Trump founder of radical left-wing group ‘Insurgence USA’ John Sullivan incited insurgence of U.S. Capitol," said the text over one image shared widely on Facebook. The post originated on Parler, a social media platform targeted to conservatives. The post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.) Other posts sought to link him to antifa. Sullivan has not been shy about his presence at the Capitol riot. He filmed the events as they happened, and he was nearby when Capitol police fatally shot a woman inside the building. He described the shooting during an interview with CNN’s Anderson Cooper that night.  Sullivan confirmed to PolitiFact that he entered the building with the rioters, and that he is in the photographs shown as part of the Facebook post. But there’s no proof that he "incited (the) insurgence," and he has denied any affiliation with antifa, a broad coalition of anti-fascist activists. In a Jan. 8 press briefing, FBI Assistant Director Steven D’Antuono said the agency has "no indication" that antifa played a role. Why was Sullivan there? In interviews with PolitiFact and other national and local news outlets, Sullivan said he went to the riot to document what happened, not to participate. On his two Twitter accounts, Sullivan shared videos he captured as the crowd stormed into the Capitol, including a nearly 40-minute YouTube video that graphically documents Ashli Babbitt’s fatal shooting by police. "I was not leading that in any shape, form or fashion," Sullivan said of the mob that bashed through windows and doors and stormed the Capitol. "I didn’t organize it. I had no part in planning it. I was only there to experience and witness what went down." Jade Sacker, a documentary filmmaker working on a project about Sullivan and his brother, was there alongside Sullivan for much of the riot. As she filmed Sullivan and the mob around him, he was in her sight "40 to 50% of the time," Sacker told PolitiFact. "I wouldn’t say that he was directing the charge or anything. He was certainly actively there and interested in what was going on," Sacker said. "He was recording the whole time." PolitiFact reviewed Sullivan’s video of the mob into the Capitol and Babbitt’s shooting. It doesn’t show Sullivan clearly engaged in the violence or leading the run up to the Capitol, although it does show him animated as he spoke with police and rioters from the frontlines.  At points in the video, Sullivan can be heard telling others he was only filming and discouraging violence. At other points, he appeared to encourage what was happening. As rioters scaled a wall outside, for example, he cheered them on. "We did this s---, together," he said after the barricades came down. "This is f------ history. We’re all a part of this f------ history." "Let’s burn this s--- down," Sullivan can be heard saying on the video before heading inside. It was not clear if the comment was directed to or heard by any specific person or people. He told Deseret News he was trying to blend in. In other videos online, he can be seen filming. "He was vocal, but I wouldn’t say he was inciting violence," Sacker said. Sullivan spoke with police and FBI agents Jan. 7 about the shooting he witnessed, he said. "You could say if I were going to be arrested, they would’ve done so," he said. Investigations by law enforcement agencies are ongoing, with several arrests made among the thousands of Trump supporters who took part in the chaotic scene. But there’s no evidence that Sullivan "incited (the) insurgence" on his own, as the Facebook post suggests. Sullivan denies antifa affiliation Social media users have linked Sullivan to antifa and Black Lives Matter because of his past protest history and social media activity. His Twitter accounts have frequently used #antifa, #blm, and other anti-Trump or anti-police hashtags, PolitiFact found. The cover photo for one of his accounts advertised a Jan. 6 Insurgence USA event to "Kick These Fascists Out of DC." Sullivan has also been filmed using incendiary language in the past. At a small August rally in Washington, D.C., he described the need to "rip" Trump out of office, according to Fox News. Photos highlighted on his personal website show him holding a firearm. But Sullivan said he’s not a part of the antifa coalition often blamed for violent events, noting that Trump supporters at the riot were shouting "f--- antifa." Sacker said she has followed Sullivan for four months and accompanied him to many protests, including some affiliated with Black Lives Matter. He is not pro-Trump, she said, but he cares about "dismantling the system." She said she had not personally seen him be violent. Sullivan faces criminal charges related to a June 29 protest in Provo, Utah, according to public records. Deseret News reported that he helped organize the event and was seen on recordings kicking and threatening drivers while directing protesters to block intersections. PolitiFact found no other criminal history. Those claiming antifa infiltrated or led the mob at the Capitol have provided no proof. The evidence of Trump supporters participating, however, is indisputable. The march to the Capitol was weeks in the making, with plans indicating the potential for violence drawn up in the open on social media forums and pro-Trump websites. Video and photographs from the scene show Trump-branded paraphernalia and flags. Our ruling A Facebook post claimed Sullivan "incited (the) insurgence of (the) US Capitol." Sullivan joined the mob of Trump supporters that entered the Capitol, filming the events as they transpired and posting his videos online. But he was one person among thousands. There’s no evidence that he "incited" the violence himself or led the charge into the Capitol. Sullivan denied any affiliation with antifa, although he has posted related hashtags on Twitter.  We rate this statement Mostly False. PolitiFact researcher Caryn Baird contributed to this report. UPDATE, Jan. 11, 2021: This fact-check was updated to include more detail from Sullivan’s video at the Capitol. Our ruling remains the same.  

National,Corrections and Updates,Elections,Crime,Facebook Fact-checks,Facebook posts

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Facebook posts

2021-01-07 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

“The DC looting was staged” by antifa

Eric Litke

2021-01-08 00:00:00

pants-fire

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/dec/22/facebook-posts/facebook-posts-wrongly-say-covid-19-bill-includes-/

Facebook posts wrongly say COVID-19 bill includes foreign aid, arts funding

Shortly after lawmakers agreed on sending $600 stimulus checks to many Americans, Facebook users said the COVID-19 relief bill put foreign interests and the arts above the needs of the American people. "Every American left and right should be calling for a #VETO of this stimulus ‘deal’— which provides MORE funding to foreign governments and to American arts centers, than to the American people," said a Dec. 21 post.  The post included a picture listing domestic entities and foreign countries appropriated millions if not billions of dollars, juxtaposed with just $600 for the "American people." Under domestic funding, for instance, it listed the "Kennedy Center — $26,400,000." The post mentioned at least eight foreign countries receiving aid, including Egypt, Sudan, and Ukraine. According to the post, Egypt would get $1.3 billion. The post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.) The post is right that Congress appropriated funds for foreign aid and for American arts centers, and Americans are free to disagree that taxpayer money is allotted in this way. But it’s wrong to suggest that such funding is in the COVID-19 relief bill. On Dec. 21, lawmakers in both chambers of Congress passed a $2.3 trillion spending package: a roughly $1.4 trillion omnibus spending bill — consisting of 12 different bills to fund the government during fiscal year 2021 — and a separate, approximately $900 billion bill specifically for COVID-19 relief. Lawmakers also passed several other smaller bills. It’s the $1.4 trillion part of the package that included funding for U.S. policies and priorities within the country and abroad. The Facebook post conflates provisions of the COVID-19 relief bill with provisions in the omnibus spending bill. COVID-19 relief bill  It’s been about nine months since a $2 trillion COVID-19 relief bill was signed into law by President Donald Trump. Some members of Congress were frustrated that legislative leaders released the new bill — 5,593 pages long — just hours before they were expected to vote on it. Some people argue that Americans should be getting more than $600 in direct payments, and the Facebook posts echo that sentiment. At the same time, the posts don’t mention the other forms of relief that will be available to some Americans, including unemployment assistance. Overall, the COVID-19 relief bill totals more than $900 billion. Americans who meet specific income criteria are expected to get $600. The relief bill includes about $166 billion for the stimulus checks, according to a breakdown from the Committee for a Responsible Federal Budget: Here’s the group’s breakdown of what else is in the bill:  • $325 billion in aid to small businesses (includes Paycheck Protection Program) • $120 billion for unemployment assistance ($300 a week for 11 weeks) • $82 billion for education (such as K-12 education grants) • $56 billion for health care (includes funding for states to do COVID-19 testing) • $45 billion for transportation (includes payroll support program for airline workers) • $83 billion for other spending (such as rental assistance, nutrition programs) • $40 billion for other tax cuts (such as the Extend and Expand Employee Retention Tax Credit) Funding for foreign countries, arts is in other spending bill The Facebook post says that lawmakers provided aid to at least eight foreign countries in the COVID-19 relief package, including $1.3 billion to Egypt. That’s not part of the COVID-19 relief bill. The omnibus spending bill, under the header "Foreign Military Financing program," says that $1.3 billion is to remain available until Sept. 30, 2022, and should be made available for assistance for Egypt.  It stipulates several conditions for the disbursement of those funds. For instance, $225 million will be withheld until the secretary of state certifies and reports to Congress that the Egyptian government has taken steps to improve the rule of law, democratic institutions, and human rights. Appropriation bills usually include foreign aid, commonly for military and humanitarian aid, said Steve Ellis, president of the nonpartisan budget watchdog group Taxpayers for Common Sense. Our reporting has shown that foreign aid historically represents about 1% of the overall federal budget. Polling has shown that average Americans assume the U.S. spends about 31% of its budget on foreign aid.  The omnibus spending part of the package passed by Congress also calls for $26.4 million to remain available until Sept. 30, 2022 for the John F. Kennedy Center’s operation, maintenance, and security. The Facebook post flags that appropriation, but omits that it’s part of the omnibus spending bill, not part of the COVID-19 relief bill. The "domestic funding" and "foreign countries" funding in the post are part of the omnibus spending bill, not the COVID-19 relief bill. The total of the "foreign aid" and "domestic funding" mentioned in the Facebook post is not greater than the funding in the COVID-19 relief bill. No pay raise for Congress Other Facebook posts also claimed, wrongly, that Congress snuck a pay raise for its members into the new legislation. It did not. The same claim was made about the CARES Act in March. As we’ve reported, congressional pay raises are fixed to the Employment Cost Index, which measures changes in wages. Pay increases are automatic unless Congress votes them down, which it has done repeatedly since 2009, according to the Congressional Research Service. Section 7 of the legislation says: "Notwithstanding any other provision of law, no adjustment shall be made under section 601(a) of the Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946 (2 U.S.C. 4501) (relating to cost of living adjustments for Members of Congress) during fiscal year 2021."  Our ruling A Facebook post claimed that a COVID-19 relief bill "provides more funding to foreign governments and to American arts centers, than to the American people." The post conflates provisions of the $900 billion COVID-19 relief bill with provisions of a separate, $1.4 trillion omnibus spending bill. Both were part of a broader $2.3 trillion package approved by Congress.  The overall spending bill included funding for American arts centers and foreign aid, but that funding was not included in the COVID-19 relief bill. It was part of the $1.4 trillion omnibus spending bill. The Facebook post contains an element of truth but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression.  We rate it Mostly False. PolitiFact staff writer Bill McCarthy contributed to this report.

Federal Budget,Facebook Fact-checks,Coronavirus,Facebook posts

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Jonathan Wichmann

2021-01-08 00:00:00

a YouTube post:

Says COVID-19 relief bill “provides more funding to foreign governments and to American arts centers, than to the American people.”

Miriam Valverde

2020-12-22 00:00:00

barely-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/dec/22/tweets/viral-tweet-cites-made-cdc-covid-19-survival-rates/

Viral tweet cites made-up CDC ‘COVID-19 survival rates’ to downplay vaccine

As the U.S. continues to distribute the first COVID-19 vaccines, a viral tweet shared what it said were "COVID-19 survival rates" from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to downplay the severity of the virus and the need for vaccinations. "CDC COVID-19 Survival Rates," said the emoji-filled tweet from Emma Jimenez, a conservative blogger and activist. "Age 0-19 — 99.997%. Age 20-49 — 99.98%. Age 50-69 — 99.5%. Age 70+ — 94.6%. Why is a COVID-19 vaccine being pushed out so aggressively? Hmmmm." Screenshots of the tweet were also shared on Facebook and Instagram, where they were flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.)  A screenshot of a viral tweet shared to Facebook that wrongly claimed to show the CDC's COVID-19 survival rates. The age-specific "survival rates" listed in the post did not come from the CDC, however. CDC spokesperson Jasmine Reed told PolitiFact that the agency has not released any age-specific COVID-19 survival rates, nor does it have mortality rates available. "Survival analysis is highly complex," Reed said. "CDC does not have the data to calculate survivability for COVID-19. Unclear as to where social media users are getting this information." "We don’t have that data, so we don’t know," added Cindy Prins, an epidemiologist at the University of Florida. "And neither would the person who posted (the tweet)." Sketchy sourcing The tweet didn’t cite a specific CDC source for its "COVID-19 survival rates." PolitiFact tried to reach Jimenez through messages to her Conservative Latina Twitter and Facebook accounts, but we did not hear back. The figures line up with parameters included as part of CDC planning scenarios designed to help public health agencies model the impact of the pandemic.  In a September document labeled "COVID-19 Pandemic Planning Scenarios," the agency listed five sets of parameters that represented different levels of disease severity and transmissibility, with the goal of helping public health agencies make models to estimate the effects of the virus. The infection fatality rates listed under the scenario marked as the "current best estimate" correspond with the "survival rates" listed in the tweet. But those infection fatality rates, the document says, are based on data through Aug. 8. And there are other caveats. Lead Stories debunked a Facebook post citing the same scenarios to wrongly claim that the CDC had downgraded the severity of COVID-19 to something less than the flu.  The CDC document says the scenarios "are not predictions of the expected effects of COVID-19" and "do not reflect the impact of any behavioral changes, social distancing, or other interventions." It also says "uncertainty remains around nearly all parameter values." The tweet also ignored the toll a seemingly small fatality rate can take when a disease spreads unchecked. Johns Hopkins University puts the observed case fatality ratio — calculated as the number of known deaths divided by the number of confirmed cases — at about 1.8% for the U.S. At that rate, if every American got COVID-19, there would be almost 6 million deaths. Doctors have gotten better at treating the disease since the outbreak of the pandemic, PolitiFact reported. But the numbers of new COVID-19 cases and deaths reported each day in the U.S. have skyrocketed in recent weeks. "Excess deaths" remain above historical norms. The risk of severe illness from the coronavirus increases with age, the CDC says.  Survival rates are hard to estimate In a pandemic, it’s difficult to nail down data points like survival rates, Prins told PolitiFact. Such rates are usually calculated for a longer period of time rather than as a snapshot. "Deaths and reporting of deaths lag behind the identification of new cases, sometimes for months, so we never quite catch up with knowing who has ‘survived’ unless we set a time period that we’re looking at, like we do with five-year survival rates in cancers, or the disease goes away and we can look back at the pandemic as a whole," Prins said. "In addition, we know that there are side effects of COVID-19 like myocarditis that may show up well after ‘recovery’ but could cause death at that later time, so both survival rates and mortality rates are more accurate after some time has passed." A widespread vaccination effort would prevent more deaths, protect people from severe illness, slow the spread and put the U.S. on a path back to normal. Our ruling A tweet said "CDC COVID-19 survival rates" are 99.997% for people ages 0 to 19, 99.98% for people ages 20 to 49, 99.5% for people ages 50 to 69, and 94.6% for people over 70. The CDC has not released survival rates, and it doesn’t have the data to do so. It’s not clear where the tweet’s numbers came from, but they correspond with figures listed as part of CDC "planning scenarios" used for planning a pandemic response. We rate this post False.

Public Health,Facebook Fact-checks,Coronavirus,Tweets

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Tweets

2020-12-16 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

Joe Biden "really did wipe away" student loan debt.

Daniel Funke

2021-02-04 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/feb/03/jim-steineke/no-evers-cannot-unilaterally-ok-new-unemployment-s/

No, Evers cannot unilaterally OK a new unemployment system

Wisconsin’s beleaguered unemployment system is the latest battleground in the ongoing showdown between Democratic Gov. Tony Evers and the Republican-run Legislature. The system continues to stagger beneath the weight of pandemic-driven job losses, with thousands of Wisconsinites forced to wait months for benefits to be processed. Evers and his administration have drawn widespread criticism for the system, which also spurred the governor to effectively fire the head of the state’s workforce development agency. Evers has also leveled blame at Republicans, noting no substantive action was taken to upgrade a system long known to be insufficient during the eight-year stretch where the GOP controlled both the Legislature and governor’s mansion. The governor tried to push the issue forward with a special session on unemployment Jan. 19, but the Legislature convened and adjourned the session within seconds — as they have many other sessions Evers has called in an attempt to initiate action in one of the least active Legislatures in the country. Republicans have said such a step isn’t needed. "It took us all of five minutes to understand that (Evers) has the authority and the revenue necessary to complete this task now," Assembly Majority Leaders Jim Steineke said in a Jan. 17, 2021, appearance on WKOW TV’s Capitol City Sunday program. "He doesn’t need legislative approval. So if he’s just looking for us to put a stamp of approval on, hey governor, you got it, go ahead. The Legislature agrees with you, move forward. You don’t have to wait for us to pass it." Steineke later said Evers "has all the flexibility to find the money necessary to complete what he wants to complete on this." Are Steineke and Republicans right that Evers has both the authority and revenue to address the unemployment system on his own? Let’s take a closer look. The background The task being debated here isn’t a small one. Evers’ office has estimated an overhaul of the state’s unemployment system would take 10 years to complete and cost $90 million. A Jan. 13, 2021, memo from the state’s nonpartisan Legislative Fiscal Bureau estimates the cost at between $48 million and $70 million. This comes as the unemployment system continues to see claims far above historical norms, fueling continued delays in processing payments. This will be the second attempt at such an upgrade, after an effort under Gov. Jim Doyle failed at great taxpayer expense. That unemployment system update was abandoned in 2007 after racking up a tab of $24 million. The Doyle project was funded by technology fees and one-time federal funds, but neither of those is available now. So Evers has said he plans to fund this upgrade through the state’s master lease program. The program, which dates back to 1991, is a way for agencies to finance the cost of IT projects over a number of years when projects are too large to allow lump-sum payment. From 2014 to 2020, $142 million was approved through this program for 28 different IT projects across state government, according to a September 2020 report on the master lease program from the nonpartisan Legislative Audit Bureau. State agencies can apply for this funding through the state Department of Administration, which decides whether to approve the applications and then obtains the necessary loans. The Legislature is not involved in the approval process, but it is involved in setting aside money that is used to make those lease payments. More on that in a bit. On Evers’ authority and revenue access Steineke spokeswoman Alesha Emmert said Evers has the authority to begin the upgrade process by issuing a request for proposal, as his administration has done with many other upgrades without legislative approval. Britt Cudaback, a spokeswoman for Evers, acknowledged the governor has the authority to start the process, but she argued it’s irrelevant without ongoing funding. "Funding a (request for proposal) … is meaningless if there’s no commitment from the Legislature to fund the rest of the project," Cudaback said in an email. "Given the substantial cost for the overall project of $90 million, (Evers’) goal is to ensure funds will be there for the master lease payments in future biennia." Addressing the revenue question, the only specific funding source Emmert identified is a procurement appropriations fund overseen by the Department of Administration that had a $4 million balance at the end of the 2020 fiscal year. But that is far from sufficient in the context of a project that could cost $90 million. And even that fund isn’t accessible, as Emmert asserts. The funds are allocated to the Department of Administration to fund its role procuring items for agencies, not for transferring to other agencies to directly fund purchases, Cudaback said. In addition, the balance is projected to be only $2 million by the end of the 2021 fiscal year. Most notably, that fund was not listed among the potential funding sources in a list compiled by the fiscal bureau. State Rep. Mark Born, R-Beaver Dam, asked the agency to identify potential ways to pay for the unemployment upgrades. The resulting memo identified nine funding sources that could be allowable under statute. Seven of those had a balance of $25,000 or less, one had a liability of $85 million and one had a balance around $15 million. That fund, per statute, is to be used for the "payment of costs associated with program integrity activities," and is currently used for fraud investigation, worker classification enforcement, identify verification and criminal prosecutions, among other things. Even if the entirety of that investigation fund were co-opted from its current use, it would fund just a fraction of expected cost. The Legislature’s role Whatever the mechanism, it’s clear funds will need to be set aside across multiple years. And the way to approve such ongoing funding is through the budget — which must pass the Legislature. The fiscal bureau memo pointed out the need for legislative involvement in the project. In response to a question about whether the Joint Finance Committee could move appropriations from another agency to fund the first payments toward the upgrade (it can), the memo noted this: "If the Committee (did the transfer), it would be incumbent on the Legislature during the budget process to approve monies in subsequent biennia sufficient to fulfill the annual master lease costs over its term." That Legislative role was echoed in the 2020 audit. It suggested the Legislature consider getting involved in the master lease approval process since it is responsible for appropriating the needed money. "Master lease payments must be made from funds that have been appropriated to state agencies," the audit said. "Therefore, the Legislature could consider modifying statutes to require (the Department of Administration) to obtain its approval before approving applications for master lease funding above a specified amount or for specified projects, such as large, high-risk IT projects." Steineke’s claim about Evers’ power is particularly unusual since it contradicts his party’s usual view on financial oversight.  Republicans argued explicitly against the idea of Evers allocating funding unilaterally in recent days. Assembly Speaker Robin Vos addressed the matter while defending a COVID-19 bill that would give the Republican-controlled finance committee oversight of how federal aid is spent in Wisconsin. "It’s not something that’s all that abnormal," Vos, R-Rochester, said on PBS Wisconsin’s Here & Now program Jan. 29, 2021. "It should mean the Legislature, the ones that are supposed to appropriate money, have the ability to oversee it just like we do with every other dollar that comes into the state treasury." Our ruling Steineke said Evers "has the authority and revenue necessary" to upgrade the state unemployment system without the Legislature. Evers has the authority and funding to begin the process by seeking out proposals, yes. But it’s an empty authority when  no sources under Evers’ control that come close to funding the full project were known at the time of this claim. Steineke’s claim related to revenue simply isn’t true. Both sides acknowledge a master lease would be a logical way forward, and that requires ongoing funding over the course of multiple state budgets — which has to be approved by the Legislature. We define Mostly False as a statement contains an element of truth but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. That fits here.    Editor’s note: After Steineke made his statement, a new potential funding option emerged based on a long-unused section of state statute. A state law dating back to at least the 1940s — and unused anytime in recent history — would allow the state to impose a tax of up to 0.2% on all employer payrolls to collect funds needed to administer the state unemployment insurance program. This could be done without any legislative action and theoretically generate more than $60 million per year at its maximum level. However, the existence of this option was not publicly known when Steineke made his claim, and therefore was not part of his claim or the supporting evidence provided by his staff. The state Department of Workforce Development raised this as an option at a Jan. 21 meeting, four days after the statement being rated here. We rate claims based on what is known at the time (that’s one of the Principles of PolitiFact). As such, that does not affect the rating for this item. The story was also updated to clarify that the Wisconsin unemployment system did undergo some upgrades over the last decades, just nothing of substance to address the issues that came to a head amid the pandemic.

Economy,Jobs,Wisconsin,Coronavirus,Jim Steineke

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279, 4819, 430, 3782, 311, 264, 2010, 23442, 279, 28522, 2055]

Viral image

2021-02-02 00:00:00

a YouTube post:

“US Capitol raided 2/2/21.”

Ciara O'Rourke

2021-02-03 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/feb/03/tom-cotton/tom-cotton-wrong-theres-no-way-screen-immigrants/

Tom Cotton wrong that there’s “no way” to screen immigrants

Sen. Tom Cotton, R-Ark., arguing against President Joe Biden’s immigration agenda, claimed that there’s no screening process for people coming into the United States. While millions of Americans are out of work, Cotton said in a Feb. 1 Fox News interview, Biden wants to give "amnesty to 15 million" people living illegally in the country, invite more guest workers, and give people "with bogus claims of asylum" an opportunity to come into the country to work. "And we are in a pandemic, good job," Fox & Friends co-host Brian Kilmeade responded sarcastically. Cotton continued: "A lot of these migrants that are coming, we have no way to screen their backgrounds for either health or for security." He praised former President Donald Trump’s "Remain in Mexico" policy to keep asylum seekers in Mexico, "as opposed to being released into our country" pending a hearing. During his presidential campaign, Biden promised a pathway to citizenship for the estimated 11 million people illegally in the country, and spoke out against the Remain in Mexico program, saying he would allow people seeking asylum to stay in the U.S. while their cases were under review. Biden’s administration stopped enrolling people in the program, but has not revoked it. We asked Cotton’s press office for more information about his claim that there’s "no way to screen" migrants. "Relying on the honor system for security and health background checks is not a sufficient screen," said Caroline Tabler, a spokesperson for Cotton. But U.S. officials don’t have to rely on an "honor system." U.S. Customs and Border Protection has tools and processes to screen immigrants who are apprehended at the border for health and security issues, even if the people aren’t fully upfront or don’t have medical records or documentation on hand proving they have a clean background. Health screenings by border officials CBP told PolitiFact that it does initial inspections for symptoms or risk factors associated with COVID-19, and "pursuant to longstanding infectious disease protocols," refers immigrants who might have an infectious disease to local clinics or hospitals "for appropriate medical evaluation, diagnosis, and treatment." Procedures for COVID-19 have been in place since the beginning of the pandemic, said Matthew Dyman, a spokesperson for the CBP. In late April, CBP said that a 31-year-old Indian man was the first person in its custody to test positive for COVID-19. The oversight office within the Department of Homeland Security surveyed CBP personnel from April 22 to May 1. Ninety percent of the Border Patrol stations and ports of entry offices that responded to the survey said they conducted risk assessments to determine if people in CBP custody were exposed to COVID-19. Protocols included "screening individuals for COVID-19 symptoms when they are initially processed at a facility, and continued monitoring for potential COVID-19 symptoms for as long as they remain in CBP custody," said the September 2020 inspector general report. The report said, however, that it was rare for facilities to be able to administer COVID-19 tests on site. As of July 13, 58 migrants across all Border Patrol stations had tested positive for COVID-19, the report said. CBP in late 2019 issued a directive to improve the medical screening of people in its custody  after several children died while in CBP care. The three-phase approach called forCBP personnel to observe people for potential medical issues, conduct health interviews on all people under 18 years old, "at a minimim"; and "subject to availability of resources and operational requirements," perform a medical assessment on children age 12 and younger and people with a known or reported medical concern. Implementation of the directive was contingent upon funding and resources, the CBP acting commissioner said in 2019. Whether CBP’s health screening procedures are sufficient and effective can be debated, but it’s inaccurate to say there’s "no way to screen" people. The Texas Tribune and ProPublica reported in August that a different immigration agency, Immigration and Customs Enforcement, was testing unaccompanied children for COVID-19 and deporting those who tested negative. The news organizations said that ICE had agreements with 10 countries requiring that children test negative for COVID-19 before being sent back to their home countries. The Washington Post reported in early December that 1,061 minors in U.S. immigration custody had tested positive for COVID-19 since March. In March 2020, the Trump administration invoked Title 42, a section of federal law that allows the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services to deny entry to immigrants coming from countries with infectious disease outbreaks. So far, Biden’s administration has kept that directive, allowing quick expulsion of people arriving at the border. Security screenings by border officials CBP has access to international databases through TECS, an information-sharing platform that allows the agency to obtain the criminal history of a person who attempts to enter the United States, said Nicole Hallett, an associate clinical professor of law and director of the Immigrants’ Rights Clinic at the University of Chicago Law School. A 2016 DHS report said that the purpose of TECS was "to track individuals who have violated or are suspected of violating a law or regulation that is enforced or administered by CBP, to provide a record of any inspections conducted at the border by CBP, to determine admissibility into the United States, and to record information regarding individuals, firms, and organizations to whom DHS/CBP has issued detentions and warnings." CBP statistics on the number of "criminal aliens" identified at the border prove that CBP regularly identifies individuals with criminal histories before they enter the United States, Hallett said. If a person poses a threat to national security, they can’t get asylum, said Lynn Marcus, director of the Community Immigration Law Placement Clinic at the University of Arizona. "There is a process for screening all of this," she said. Our ruling Cotton said, "A lot of these migrants that are coming, we have no way to screen their backgrounds for either health or security." A CBP database allows personnel to run criminal background checks on people apprehended at the border and access records collected by U.S. and foreign authorities. CBP routinely publishes data on immigrants who attempted to enter the country and have a criminal record.  CBP might not always have access to a person’s full medical records, but the agency says it screens people for COVID-19 and other health issues.  It’s fair to question whether existing protocols are sufficient, but it’s inaccurate to say "we have no way to screen" immigrants. We rate Cotton’s claim False.

Immigration,Homeland Security,Public Health,Coronavirus,Tom Cotton

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YouTube videos

2021-02-01 00:00:00

a Fox & Friends

"A lot of these migrants that are coming, we have no way to screen their backgrounds for either health or for security."

Miriam Valverde

2021-02-03 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/feb/02/facebook-posts/biden-administration-did-not-dictate-specific-chan/

Biden administration did not dictate specific changes to sports

President Joe Biden issued a flurry of executive orders in his first days in office, and claims quickly followed about the results of those actions.  One Facebook post read, "In 36 hours Biden has disgraced our National Guard, allowed males to compete in girls’ sports, opened our border, and has crushed our oil production."  The post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.) For this fact-check, we focused on the claim about sports. PolitiFact has checked claims related to the other issues and found them all to be false or mostly false. That includes this claim that Democrats forced the National Guard to sleep in a parking garage; a claim that Biden questioned the National Guard’s loyalty; a claim that Biden sparked a migrant caravan from Honduras because of his immigration policies; and a claim that Biden has banned fracking, a process used to extract oil and gas from the ground.  The claim that Biden "allowed males to compete in girls sports" likely stems from  an executive order from the Biden administration titled "Preventing and Combating Discrimination on the Basis of Gender Identity or Sexual Orientation."  Shortly after the order was issued, Twitter users began discussing its potential effect on women in sports, and the hashtag #BidenErasedWomen was trending, Newsweek reported. But the idea that the order will allow transgender females — whose sex at birth was male but whose gender identity is female — to compete in women’s sports is misguided. The Biden executive order does not impose any new guidelines that would immediately bring changes to school sports, and it only mentions sports once: "Children should be able to learn without worrying about whether they will be denied access to the restroom, the locker room, or school sports." Instead, it requires federal agencies, including the U.S. Education Department, to review existing policies and programs to determine whether they are in line with the new guidance prohibiting discrimination based on gender and sexuality, and to implement changes if needed. The Jan. 20 executive order extends protections from a 2020 Supreme Court case that addressed employment law to other federal laws, including those that cover education and school-related activities. In that case, Bostock v. Clayton County, the court ruled that employers cannot fire a person for being gay or transgender because it violates Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act, which prohibits employment discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex and national origin. "Because Title VII is limited to employment discrimination, it was unclear how the Supreme Court’s decision would be applied to other federal discrimination statutes that prohibit sex discrimination in other contexts," according to the National Law Review. "The Biden administration has now stated its view that Bostock applies with equal force."  That’s a departure from the Trump administration, which had narrowly interpreted the Bostock case and determined it did not apply to education-related discrimination policies. It’s possible that the executive order could result in changes that affect transgender participation in sports, the National Law Review reports: "The current administration will likely implement major changes related to discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation or transgender status. This may include requiring schools to allow students to use bathrooms and locker rooms that are consistent with their gender identity, and to play on athletic teams that are consistent with their gender identity. "  The publication also notes, though, that the executive order "is a high level policy statement and does not, in and of itself, immediately change any practices for public school districts." Our ruling  A Facebook post says Biden has "allowed males to compete in girls’ sports." The claim seems to be based on an executive order Biden issued that prohibits discrimination based on gender and sexuality in education, but that opponents say will allow transgender females to compete in women’s sports. The executive order does not propose changes to policies or include details about specific programs such as sports. It mandates that federal agencies review programs and policies to be sure they do not discriminate, and to make changes if needed.  We rate this claim False.

Sports,Facebook Fact-checks,Facebook posts

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Facebook posts

2021-01-29 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

Photo shows Rachel Levine’s family.

Ciara O'Rourke

2021-02-02 00:00:00

pants-fire

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/dec/22/christi-craddick/examining-texas-oil-and-gas-industry-amid-pandemic/

Examining Texas' oil and gas industry amid pandemic

Texas’ oil and gas sector took a tumble in 2020 when the coronavirus pandemic was compounded by a Saudi Arabia-Russia price war that further devastated the global oil market.  In May, two weeks after crude oil prices turned negative for the first time in history, Texas Railroad Commissioner Christi Craddick spoke with the Texas Tribune giving updates on how the industry was handling the downturn. "Last year, [oil and gas] was about 35% of the state's economy ... and so [because this industry] is down ... it's gonna affect everything," Craddick said. Craddick repeated that same figure in a tweet earlier this month as she advocated for prioritization of the Railroad Commission — the state’s oil and gas regulatory agency — in next year’s state budget.  "Oil and gas is 35 percent of the state economy, making the (Texas Railroad Commission’s) budget an important priority," she said. Texas oil and gas producers have suffered the double blow of COVID-19 and the global price shock amid an era when the industry is facing a process of structural contraction. Oil and gas has long been a primary driver of Texas’ prosperity, but does its share of the state economy remain at 35% even after a historically tumultuous year? Three tiers of economic analysis Determining the oil and gas’ industry’s share of the state economy "is a hard number to pin down," said Jesse Thompson, senior business economist at the Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas. There’s a multitude of ways an industry’s economic impact can be measured, Thompson said. Impact could be an industry’s share of a state’s gross state product, or the number of jobs it creates, or the amount of income it generates, or some combination of the three.  Furthermore, there are three different levels upon which economists analyze economic impact: an industry’s direct, indirect and induced effects on the economy. Direct effects include the revenue generated by oil and gas companies; indirect effects include the businesses supplying equipment or services to those oil and gas companies; and induced effects include the spending of people in the industry as a result of increased personal income.  For example, induced impacts could include an interior decorator in Houston who is hired by an oil and gas employee. "There’s a lot of very reasonable ways to break this up, that’s why there’s not necessarily a right answer," Thompson said. Direct impacts are the most straightforward measurement. According to the Bureau of Economic Analysis, a federal agency, the oil and gas sector directly comprised around 15% of the state’s gross state product between 2019 and early 2020. That share fell to around 14.2% as the coronavirus swept the globe and forced the industry to shed jobs and shut down drilling rigs in the second quarter of 2020, the latest period for which economic data is available. According to Craddick’s spokesperson, the 35% figure Craddick cited represents the oil and gas sector’s direct impacts to the gross state product combined with its indirect and induced impacts. The 35% figure is also a projection for how the year will end after the industry’s bounce back from its April nadir.  "We have seen improvements throughout the remainder of the year, so the number is definitely going to land somewhere between 30% and 40%, so 35% was an easy middle point," said Craddick’s Director of Public Affairs Mia Hutchens.  Certain indicators are already showing the sector’s recovery. The Texas rig count has shown a slight uptick since October corresponding with an improving global demand for oil and natural gas. After nearly 60,000 oil workers lost their jobs between February and August, around 2,100 jobs were added in September and October, according to the Texas Independent Producers and Royalty Owners Association. The association also projects that, by year's end, the industry will be supporting at least 300,000 direct jobs and 2.1 million indirect jobs in Texas. The 35% projection was calculated using data from the Texas comptrollers office, the Texas Pipeline Association and the Texas Oil and Gas Association, the sector’s largest industry group in the state, according to Hutchens.  At the beginning of 2020, before COVID-19 had reached all corners of the globe, the Texas Oil and Gas Association pegged the industry’s share of Texas’ gross state product at 30.5%. According to a spokesperson, the trade group determined that number by finding the sum of the industry’s direct contributions to Texas’ gross state product — $223.1 billion, or about 13.5% of the state economy.  Then, to capture the industry’s indirect and induced "ripple" effects, the Oil and Gas Association multiplied the industry’s direct gross state product by 2.3, meaning that every dollar spent in the industry was modeled to generate $2.30 in spin-off economic activity. This multiplier produces an estimated $502.6 billion of economic impact in the state, or 30.5% of the private sector’s gross state product. To Karr Ingham, a petroleum economist with the Texas Alliance of Energy Producers, the association's method of calculation using a multiplier of 2.3 is "pretty close to correct." "That’s not high. If anything that could be a touch low," Ingham said. "I’ve heard commissioners in the past and other political types and other industry cheerleaders say the multiplier for oil and gas is 7." Underperforming years Before the pandemic, Texas producers were coming off a couple of down years in 2018 and 2019. In 2018, about four years after the global oil prices collapsed and slammed the brakes on Texas’ fracking boom, the industry was hampered by a credit crunch as lackluster oil prices remained volatile. By mid-2019, oil jobs were in decline as companies struggled to provide steady income and growth. "It’s been the worst-performing sector on the S&P for the last couple years," said Bill Gilmer, director of the Institute for Regional Forecasting at the University of Houston. "If you take the value of all the producers and add them together, by 2019 they collectively were worth less than Apple." According to Gilmer, there are "at least three tough quarters in front of us" before the industry will begin to reassert itself and shake off lasting effects of the pandemic.  "By the time we get to 2022 — and it will take that long for us to feel really good about the economy — oil and the U.S. economy will be back," Gilmer said. Craddick’s 35% figure reflects the commissioner’s belief that the industry will begin next year stronger than it began 2020. Although several indicators point to an upward trajectory of the industry — like oil prices, jobs, and rig count — Karr said the 35% projection may be slightly optimistic.  "It’s a little hard to take issue with [Craddick’s number] just because it’s guesswork," Karr said. Our ruling Craddick said earlier this month that the oil and gas industry comprises 35% of the Texas economy. Craddick's office clarified that this figure represented the industry’s combined direct, indirect and induced economic impact, and that it represents a projection of how the industry will end the year after its recent bounce back.  The oil and gas industry has comprised as much as 40% of the state economy during the last decade’s fracking boom, yet shrunk to 30% before the pandemic shocked the world economy. Firm quarterly data showing the industry’s recent gains will not be released by the Bureau of Economic Analysis until late 2021. We rate this claim Mostly True. 

Economy,Energy,Texas,Coronavirus,Christi Craddick

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Viral image

2020-12-12 00:00:00

a tweet:

Says that the oil and gas industry comprises 35% of the Texas economy.

Brandon Mulder

2020-12-22 00:00:00

mostly-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/dec/22/claudia-tenney/ny-22-some-voters-cast-ballots-mail-and-died-elect/

No, dead people did not vote in NY-22

The winner in a razor-thin congressional election in the Binghamton area still hasn’t been determined, and in the weeks since Election Day with controversies over which ballots to count, Republican candidate Claudia Tenney's campaign has warned of "utter dysfunction."  On Twitter earlier this month, Tenney retweeted this claim by a group of House Republicans: "They’re literally finding ballots in random desk drawers in New York. That doesn’t sound fishy at all." Tenney added: "Dead people also voted. Ballots sent from NYC in the count as well."  Dead people also voted. Ballots sent from NYC in the count as well. https://t.co/NnEE8XsI9g— Claudia Tenney (@claudiatenney) December 9, 2020 Tenney, seeking a seat she once held, has talked about "dead" or "deceased" people voting in other forums as well, including in a statement from her campaign in November and in an interview with Fox News this month. As of Dec. 18, Tenney held a 19-vote lead over Democratic incumbent Anthony Brindisi, 155,519 to 155,500, according to unofficial returns from the eight counties in the district. Since this race is attracting so much attention, we wondered if there is any truth to her claim.  ‘Dead voters’ in the news Tenney hasn’t been the only person talking about dead people voting in the 22nd Congressional District, which stretches between the shore of Lake Ontario, Utica and the Pennsylvania border. The New York Post, on Nov. 23, published a story headlined: "Ballots cast by the dead emerge in extremely tight Brindisi-Tenney race." The story cited information from a Madison County lawyer, who told the court overseeing the ballot counting that three ballots in that county were disregarded after they were submitted to the Board of Elections, because the voters were "deceased."  Mary Egger, the Republican elections commissioner in Madison County, told PolitiFact the board discovered three people who voted with absentee ballots died before Election Day, and that those ballots were taken out of the count.  The Democratic commissioner, Laura Costello, confirmed this.  "Before counting our absentees we check for purged voters and pulled these absentees out of the count," Costello said. In New York state, paper ballots that are submitted early to the Board of Elections are not counted if a board discovers that the voter died before Election Day, according to state Board of Elections Director of Public Information John Conklin. "This is a common occurrence," Conklin said.  Madison County uses a state registry to determine whether any of the registered voters who voted early died before Election Day.  "It is not uncommon," Egger said. "It’s something we check every election, and it does happen." Madison County did not have a case of anyone trying to vote by impersonating a dead person.  There could have been cases where someone voted early on a voting machine in a polling place, and then died before Election Day. Those ballots are still counted, Egger said.  We reached out to election commissioners in all of the 22nd Congressional District’s eight counties. Half of the counties responded, and they said they were not aware of any person who tried to impersonate a dead person in order to vote.  In Chenango County, some ballots were returned to the board because the voter had died, said Commissioner Carol Franklin. This happens because people who are on a list to receive an absentee ballot for every election because they have a disability and then die are not promptly removed from the list. There were no instances of someone impersonating a dead person, Franklin said.  Cortland County pulled six ballots after they were cast because the voters died before Election Day, said Commissioner Robert Howe. In Tioga County, Commissioner James Wahls said they had no known instances where a voter cast an absentee ballot and died before Election Day.  Disputed ballot After Tenney made her claim on Twitter, ballots were under review in Madison County.  The Brindisi campaign requested that one of the three ballots the Board of Elections had set aside be considered, unless a death certificate or confirmation of death from an official source could be produced, said Egger, the Republican commissioner. The board was relying on a newspaper obituary to confirm the death, she said. A spokesman for Brindisi, Luke Jackson, confirmed Egger’s story.   The Tenney campaign is also asking that two other ballots be set aside because they believe the voters died before Election Day, Egger said, adding that the Board of Elections cannot establish that these voters died.     These and other questions about which ballots should be counted are under review in State Supreme Court.  Registered voters who vote by absentee ballot and die before Election Day is not an instance of fraud, said Sean Morales-Doyle, who studies elections and is a deputy director of the Democracy Program at the Brennan Center.  "I think the fact that an election official catches the fact that someone died after they cast their ballot but before Election Day is a sign the system is working," he said.  In a decision and order on Dec. 8, State Supreme Court Justice Scott DelConte wrote: "To be clear, there is absolutely no evidence -- or even an allegation -- before this Court of any fraud on the part of the Boards or the campaigns."  The Tenney campaign said that absentee ballots overwhelmed boards of election, and provided to PolitiFact photos of ballots that were sent to people who had died, and obituaries to corroborate their deaths. These ballots were not filled out by anyone.  The number of absentee ballots "made it extremely difficult for officials to verify that every ballot was properly cast by a legal (and living) voter," said Sean Kennedy, spokesman for the Tenney campaign.  "In this election, multiple ballots were cast by people who were deceased on Election Day," Kennedy said. "Due to insufficient safeguards and the massive volume of mail-in ballots to process, we do not know how many more went undetected and are considered valid votes. Fortunately, the local boards excluded those votes but unfortunately our opponent has now asked that a dead voter’s ballot be counted." Our ruling Tenney wrote "Dead people also voted" when retweeting a claim implying that something "fishy" is going on in ballot-counting in New York.  It is accurate that living people cast ballots and died before Election Day, according to several election commissioners across the district’s eight counties. Ballots from these known individuals are not part of a board’s vote tally.  In the case of a single ballot in Madison County set aside because election officials found an obituary causing them to believe the voter died, Brindisi’s campaign is asking that a death certificate be produced before that ballot is disregarded from the count. It will be up to the court to decide whether to count that ballot.  It is possible that boards of election do not catch every instance of a voter dying after they cast their ballot but before Election Day. In addition, voters who vote early on machines at polling places and die before Election Day have their votes counted. It’s unclear how often this happened in this race, if it happened at all.   But Tenney offers no proof that anyone used the identities of dead people to cast fraudulent votes, or that ballots cast by voters who died before Election Day are included in the tally. Photos of unfilled ballots are not evidence of voter fraud. The court is dealing with other problems related to timely and accurate ballot counting. Dead people voting isn't one of them.  We rate Tenney’s claim Pants on Fire!   

Elections,New York,Claudia Tenney

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Facebook posts

2020-12-08 00:00:00

a Tweet:

“Dead people also voted.”

Jill Terreri Ramos

2020-12-22 00:00:00

pants-fire

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/dec/21/facebook-posts/anti-vaccine-video-fainting-nurse-lacks-context/

Anti-vaccine video of fainting nurse lacks context

A nearly 18-minute Facebook video seeks to foment doubts about the safety of COVID-19 vaccines by highlighting the case of a Tennessee nurse who became dizzy and fell to the ground after vaccination. The video omits important context: the nurse has a medical history of becoming dizzy even after minimal pain. "Nurse passes out on live TV after taking vaccine," says the caption for the video posted Dec. 18. In the video, Dr. Taylor Marshall, who describes himself as a theologian, philosopher, author, and father of eight children, tells his viewers: "So there it is. It’s sad. Now, what do we make of this? Why are all these people making publicity moments over taking a vaccine? This shows that from the beginning, from the beginning this whole thing has political and social motives." Marshall later in the video says one has to be humble about the potential effects of new drugs and new vaccines in general. "There is a Frankenstein effect potential, we just don't know what will be the outcome," he says. The post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.) A nurse at CHI Memorial in Chattanooga, Tenn., did become dizzy after taking a COVID-19 vaccine, and it happened during a live media interview. "I’m sorry I’m feeling really dizzy," Tiffany Dover, the nurse, suddenly says in the video. She raises her left hand to her head and says "I’m sorry," one more time. A man near her then holds her hand as she falls to the ground. Doctors quickly surround her. CHI Memorial explained what happened in a Dec. 18 tweet: The hospital said that the nurse became dizzy and was assisted to the floor, but never lost consciousness and quickly recovered. CHI Memorial said that in another media interview, after recovering, the nurse said she had a history of an overactive vagal response, and that she passes out if she has pain from anything. Fainting can happen after many types of vaccines, CHI Memorial said, citing the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. "The fainting episode is not an adverse reaction to the vaccine," Dr. Jesse L. Tucker, a CHI Memorial critical care physician said in a media interview after the incident. The nurse’s reaction was related to her known medical condition, he said. In a video posted on Twitter by CHI Memorial, Dover said that a hangnail or stubbing her toe can also cause her to pass out. She said she felt fine and that the pain in her arm from the shot was "very minimal, actually, but it doesn’t take much," for her to pass out. She added that she’s probably passed out six times in the past six weeks. "It’s common for me," she says. Dover said she did not regret taking the COVID-19 vaccine. In follow-up tweets Dec. 19 and Dec. 21, CHI Memorial said Dover was doing well. Our ruling A Facebook post claimed, "Nurse passes out on live TV after taking vaccine." A nurse in Tennessee did become dizzy and was assisted to the ground after taking a COVID-19 vaccine. But the nurse later said that her dizziness is something that regularly happens to her after experiencing any kind of pain, even after stubbing a toe. The nurse recovered and said she was feeling fine. Becoming dizzy after a vaccine is not unusual for some people, a doctor said, dismissing the notion that the episode was indicative of something dangerous in the vaccine. The Facebook post contains an element of truth but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. We rate it Mostly False.

Public Health,Coronavirus,Facebook posts

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Facebook posts

2020-12-17 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

Chief Justice John Roberts visited Jeffrey Epstein's private island.

Bill McCarthy

2020-12-21 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/dec/21/bob-good/contrary-global-experts-bob-good-says-pandemic-pho/

Contrary to global experts, Bob Good says the pandemic is 'phony'

Virginia Rep.-elect Bob Good got cheers at a rally for President Donald Trump when he told the crowd the novel coronavirus pandemic is a farce. "This looks like a group of people that gets this is a phony pandemic," Good, R-5th Congressional District, said Dec. 12 at a Women for America First rally in Washington. "It’s a serious virus, but it’s a virus; it’s not a pandemic." COVID-19 is not a pandemic? Let’s check. The Merriam-Webster online dictionary defines pandemic as "an outbreak of a disease that occurs over a wide geographic area (such as multiple countries or continents) and typically affects a significant proportion of the population: a pandemic outbreak of a disease." COVID-19 has struck all continents except Antarctica. As of Dec. 21, there have 77 million cases across the globe, and 1.7 million deaths. Does that qualify as affecting "a significant portion of the population," as the definition requires?  Merriam-Webster has no doubt; it cites COVID-19 as an example of a pandemic. Adm. Brett Giroir, assistant secretary for health for the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, was appalled by Good’s statement. "Of course it's a pandemic," told CNN on Dec. 16. "There's a definition of a pandemic and that is a virus that is raging across the world, and this clearly is doing that. We have hundreds of thousands of dead Americans, we'll have millions of people around the world. This is not phony; this is not fake. It is serious." Giroir said he’d be happy to provide Good with "technical assistance" to understand the pandemic. We ran a quick search of 10 science and health authorities around the world and found each one describes COVID-19 as a pandemic. They are: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; World Health Organization;  American Journal of Managed Care (AJMC); U.S. Food and Drug Administration;   JAMA (Journal of the American Medical Association);  National Institutes of Health; The World Bank;  United Nations;  BMJ (British Medical Journal); and Indian Journal of Medical Research. Good, a self-described "biblical conservative," is a former banker, wrestling coach and athletic fundraiser at Liberty University. More than 300 people have died of COVID-19 in the district he’ll represent, according to The Washington Post. We asked his spokesperson, Courtney Heath, for an explanation of Good’s statement, but didn’t hear back. The day after his statement, Good posted a series of tweets deriding "government lockdowns and excessive restrictions'' enacted to contain the virus. He compared the risk of dying from COVID to that of dying in an automobile accident.  He noted that 5% of Americans have contracted the virus, one-tenth of 1% have died from it, and vaccines will become increasingly available.  "We have got to stop the insanity, and stop accepting the hoax that says forcing people to wear a mask, forcing businesses to close, prohibiting worship services, and keeping kids out of school will make a significant difference in whether or not we will die from this virus," he wrote. Our ruling Good said the novel coronavirus is a "phony pandemic". COVID-19 has spread through every continent except Antarctica, racking 77 million cases and 1.7 million deaths. Leading science and health organizations across the world classify COVID as a pandemic. Good, without clear explanation, says it’s not. We rate Good’s statement Pants on Fire!  

Public Health,Coronavirus,Virginia,Bob Good

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Bob Good

2020-11-09 00:00:00

Twitter:

“Jurisdictions representing about 80% of WI residents have passed referendums or resolutions in favor of fair maps.”

Laura Schulte

2020-12-21 00:00:00

true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/feb/02/donald-trump-jr/donald-trump-jr-distorts-trumps-war-record/

Donald Trump Jr. distorts his father's war record as president

When President Donald Trump came into office, the U.S. was still struggling to extricate itself from wars in Afghanistan and Iraq that had begun more than a decade earlier.  When he left, U.S. troop levels in both countries were sharply lower. And some of Trump’s supporters praised him for not starting any new wars. His son, Donald Trump Jr., tweeted Jan. 22 that "Donald Trump is the first president in modern history (who) did not start a new war." Trump himself echoed this claim in his last address at the White House, saying that he was the first president "in decades" not to start a war.  After Trump Jr. made his post, many users pushed back on his claim by citing Jimmy Carter, who was president from 1977 to 1981, didn’t start any wars and is still alive. We tried to contact Donald Trump Jr. through the Trump Organization to find out what he meant, but didn’t get a response. We also reached out to six experts on U.S. military and foreign policy and asked them whether the former president deserves such a distinction. They said the answer depends on which presidents are considered "modern," and how you define war.  But all of them agreed that the claim leaves out key context and paints a misleading portrait of the Trump administration’s use of military force.  Varying definitions of war The United States has formally declared war in only five conflicts: the War of 1812, the Mexican-American War, the Spanish-American War, World War I and World War II. A definition of war that rested on a formal declaration by Congress would leave out conflicts such as the Vietnam War, the Korean War and the Iraq War, said Joseph DeThomas, a professor at the Penn State School of International Affairs.  These later conflicts began under an "authorization of military force" from Congress, giving the president powers to prosecute the war abroad. Trump never asked for such an authorization during his administration. However, neither did his predecessor, Barack Obama, who nonetheless oversaw sustained armed conflict in Afghanistan and spearheaded a NATO-backed intervention in Libya, for which he was criticized for not seeking congressional approval.  Another approach, put forth by the Correlates of War Project, classifies a war as a conflict involving two organized armed forces that results in at least 1,000 battle-related casualties. By this definition, Trump did not start any wars, but neither did presidents Carter and Gerald Ford, said Robert Gulotty, an assistant professor of political science at the University of Chicago.  What about Carter? Several experts we spoke with brought up Carter as the clearest example contradicting Trump Jr.’s claim. Carter did not formally declare war on another country or seek authorization to use force from Congress. Nor did Carter engage U.S. armed forces in a new sustained armed conflict with another foreign power.  Carter did oversee the U.S. response to the 1979-81 Iran hostage crisis, and ordered a raid to try to free 52 American hostages held at the U.S. embassy in Tehran. The raid was aborted, though, and a helicopter that was to be part of the operation later crashed, killing eight U.S. servicemen.  Carter "was proud of claiming that there were no combat casualties on his watch until the aborted Iran rescue mission set him back," said Richard Betts, a professor of war and peace studies at Columbia University. "But few would count that covert operation as starting a war."  Examples of major military conflicts under other recent presidents  Historians differ on where to draw the boundaries of the modern era, but for this check involving both military and presidential history, we focus on the period since the Vietnam War, which ended in 1975 under Gerald Ford’s presidency. Here’s a look at some of the significant military actions initiated by U.S. presidents since that time: Ronald Reagan (1981-89): Under Reagan, 7,600 U.S. troops invaded Grenada and occupied the island within a few days; 19 American troops were killed during the operation. Reagan also sent soldiers into Lebanon in 1982 to participate in a temporary peacekeeping force, and later persuaded Congress to authorize an operation for 18 months. Around 250 Americans were killed before the U.S. withdrew its forces, most from a terrorist attack on U.S. marine barracks in Beirut.  George H.W. Bush (1989-93): Bush initiated the Gulf War to expel the Iraqi army from Kuwait. More than 2 million U.S. service members served during the conflict, and 147 U.S. troops were killed in battle.  Bill Clinton (1993-2001): Clinton dramatically increased the scope of a NATO intervention in the long-running civil war in Yugoslavia. After a series of NATO airstrikes in 1994, 60,000 U.S. and allied troops were deployed to Bosnia in 1995 as part of a "peacekeeping mission." According to a 2016 retrospective from the military newspaper Stars & Stripes, no U.S. soldiers were killed in combat in Bosnia but several died from other causes. Under Clinton in 1999, NATO also participated in an intervention in Kosovo, during which two U.S. pilots died. Human Rights Watch estimated that as many as 527 civilians were killed in NATO airstrikes.  George W. Bush (2001-09): After the Sept. 11 terrorist attacks, U.S. forces invaded Afghanistan after the Taliban declined to extradite Al Qaeda leader Osama bin Laden. In 2003, U.S. forces invaded Iraq and ousted Saddam Hussein from power. According to the Defense Department, over 4,000 U.S. troops were killed in Iraq between 2003 and 2010, and over 2,000 were killed in Afghanistan between 2001 and 2014. The Iraq Body Count Project has estimated that over 200,000 Iraqi civilians have been killed so far. American troops have remained stationed in both countries.  Barack Obama (2009-17): Obama oversaw a NATO-backed intervention in Libya and a surge of troops into Afghanistan. After withdrawing U.S. troops from Iraq in 2011, Obama redeployed them in 2014 to combat territorial expansion by the Islamic State militia group.  Use of force under Trump Trump didn’t enter the U.S. into a fresh, sustained armed conflict with another state, or seek a new congressional authorization for use of force. He frequently criticized American involvement in the Middle East, and he took steps to withdraw U.S. troops from Somalia, Iraq and Afghanistan before he left office.  But Trump has used military force in other foreign countries under the broad authorization to use force granted after the Sept. 11 terrorist attacks.  His administration has ordered airstrikes and drone attacks, supplemented allied militaries with U.S. troops, deployed special operations forces in the Middle East and beyond, and ordered the killing of Iran’s Gen. Qassem Soleimani, which critics claim nearly triggered an armed conflict.  "With that authorization in place, I am not sure it is possible to start a new war these days," said DeThomas. "They all fit under the legal umbrella of the old one."  Stephanie Savell, a researcher at Brown University’s Costs of War Project, developed a map showing the scope of U.S. counterterrorism operations, including combat operations in the Middle East and across Africa. Many of these operations, Savell said, are carried out under Section 127e, a legal authority that allows U.S. special operations teams to organize and participate in raids on militant groups with foreign allies.  The extent of the Trump administration’s 127e programs, Politico has said, in effect constituted a secret U.S. war in African countries such as Kenya, Somalia, Mali and Niger.  Our ruling Donald Trump Jr. said in a tweet that "Donald Trump is the first president in modern history (who) did not start a new war." Trump did not seek authorization from Congress for use of military force, or a formal declaration of war against any other country. He did not engage the U.S. in any new protracted conflicts during his four years in office. But Trump did order and oversee new military operations under existing authorizations, including counterterrorism raids that have spread to several countries in the Middle East and Africa. The claim also ignores the record of Carter, who did not start any new wars under the definitions put forward by military and foreign policy experts. As Carter is still alive, we consider him to be part of modern presidential and military history. The statement contains an element of truth but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. We rate it Mostly False. ​

National,Military,Donald Trump Jr.

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8206, 719, 49378, 9200, 13363, 430, 1053, 3041, 264, 2204, 21455, 13, 1226, 4478, 433, 64285, 3641, 13, 4194, 16067, 198]

Chris Larson

2021-02-01 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

“Myanmar used Dominion Voting Systems.”

Ciara O'Rourke

2021-02-02 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/feb/02/blog-posting/no-facebook-didnt-try-shut-down-gavin-newsom-recal/

No, Facebook Didn’t Try To ‘Shut Down’ Gavin Newsom Recall Effort

A conservative blog falsely claimed Facebook tried to "shut down" the campaign to recall Democratic California Gov. Gavin Newsom when the social media company stopped running political advertisements.  In reality, Facebook stopped accepting political ads regardless of party affiliation last fall to curb misinformation. No one campaign was singled out.  In mid-December, the company made an exception to the ban when it allowed ads in the three weeks leading up to the U.S. Senate runoffs in Georgia and then resumed the ban last month.  Still, RedState.org published an article Jan. 28 with the headline: "Facebook Says No More Ads for Movement To Recall Gavin Newsom." The Newsom recall campaign shared the blog on its Instagram account early this week. Randy Economy, a spokesperson for the recall campaign, said he would review the post but did not respond to questions about why the campaign shared it.  The article in question includes a subheadline visible on social media that claims Facebook is "Attempting to shut down a fully legal recall effort because … cronyism?" It offers no evidence for that allegation. A screen shot of the RedState.com article and claim. This post was flagged as part of PolitiFact's partnership with Facebook to fact-check false news on the social media platform. However, Facebook played no role in selecting the fact check or its rating. Our Research Along with making the claim about shutting down the recall, the RedState.com article goes on to allege Mark Zukerberg, Facebook’s chief executive officer, "has sought out to silence dissent against his comrades in the Democrat party," following the Jan. 6 insurrection at the U.S. Capitol by Trump extremists.  Following the insurrection, Facebook blocked content posted to the #StormTheCapitol hashtag, according to a TechCrunch article. The article went on to say that Facebook representatives pledged to remove content praising the Trump supporters who infiltrated the U.S. Capitol as well as any other "incitement or encouragement" of the events, including photos and videos from the individuals’ perspectives. Still, Devon Kearns, a Facebook spokesperson, wrote in an email that last year’s decision to pause political ads had nothing to do with the Newsom recall campaign.  "If they are unable to run ads relating to recalling Newsom, it is because of the ban on ads about social issues, elections or politics that has now been in place for over two months," he wrote.  The ban does not prevent political campaigns from publishing "organic" posts, or non-paid content. It means they can’t pay to post advertisements which are boosted by Facebook’s advertising algorithms and shared across the platform, including to those who do not follow the recall campaign. Here’s how Zuckerberg explained his decision to stop running ads last year. "It's important that campaigns can run get out the vote campaigns, and I generally believe the best antidote to bad speech is more speech, but in the final days of an election there may not be enough time to contest new claims," he wrote in a September 2020 Facebook post.  Despite the pause on Facebook ads, the recall campaign maintains a strong presence on the social media platform, including a public group where nearly 21,000 members share information about upcoming recall drives along with news and opinion articles about the governor.  It has another 16,000 followers on Instagram, which is owned by Facebook, and more than 10,000 followers on Twitter.  In recent months, the recall effort has gained momentum as Newsom’s administration has struggled to control numerous health and economic crises, most recently the slow distribution of COVID-19 vaccines.  More than one-third of California voters, or 36%, support recalling Newsom, while 45% are opposed, according to a UC Berkeley Institute of Governmental Studies survey released this week.  To qualify the recall for a future ballot, the campaign must submit approximately 1.5 million signatures of registered voters to county elections officials by March 17, all of which must be verified. Proponents say they have gathered more than 1.3 million signatures.  Last month, California Democratic Party Chairman Rusty Hicks described the effort to recall Newsom as "the California coup." We rated that ridiculous claim Pants on Fire. A coup is a violent overthrow of a government. A recall is a legally sanctioned effort to vote an elected official out of office midway through their term. It’s been part of California’s constitution for more than a century.  Conservatives have expressed distrust in Facebook and other social media companies, alleging they censor or diminish right-wing political speech.  Facebook, Twitter and a host of other companies banned President Donald Trump from their platforms last month after he encouraged his supporters to "fight like hell" and to march to the Capitol. Shortly after, a mob of extremists assaulted police officers and breached the building in a riot that left five people dead, including one U.S. Capitol police officer. Our Ruling A conservative blog alleged Facebook tried to "shut down" the campaign to recall Gov. Gavin Newsom by refusing to run its advertisements.  That’s not what happened. Facebook stopped accepting political ads regardless of party last fall to slow false information on its platform, though it made an exception by allowing ads to run in the U.S. Senate runoffs in Georgia before resuming the ban. It did not single out the recall campaign, which maintains a strong presence on Facebook and has gained momentum in recent months.  The blog misleads with the headline, "Facebook Says No More Ads for Movement To Recall Gavin Newsom." The subheadline goes further with the unsubstantiated and outlandish allegation that Facebook tried to "shut down" the recall campaign altogether.  We rate that claim False.  FALSE – The statement is not accurate.

Elections,California,Bloggers

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Donald Trump Jr.

2021-01-22 00:00:00

a tweet:

“Donald Trump is the first president in modern history (who) did not start a new war.”

Noah Y. Kim

2021-02-02 00:00:00

barely-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/feb/02/facebook-posts/facebook-post-misrepresents-pelosi-stock-trade-bid/

Facebook post misrepresents Pelosi stock trade, Biden policy on electric vehicles

Implying that Nancy Pelosi used insider information for personal gain, a post widely shared on Facebook claims that the House speaker bought $1.25 million in Tesla stock the day before President Joe Biden signed an executive order for all federal vehicles to be electric. We looked at the substance and implications of the broadside against the California Democrat and found that it paints a misleading picture of the timing and nature of Pelosi’s and Biden’s actions. The post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.) The post gets several facts wrong. In short:  The purchase — by Pelosi’s husband, Paul Pelosi — was not of stock in Tesla, the California-based maker of electric cars, but of options to buy Tesla stock.  The options were bought more than a month before Biden announced his goal to eventually make the federal fleet electric, not the day before. Biden has not ordered that the entire federal fleet be electric. He has directed federal agencies to move toward buying zero-emission vehicles. And Biden’s intent to steer the government toward zero-emission vehicles was not inside information. It was among his campaign promises and a matter of public record well before he took office. What the post says The post shows photos of Pelosi and Biden, along with captions that use abbreviations for executive order and electric vehicles.  The caption to the Pelosi photo is: "1/24/21 Nancy buys $1.25M in Tesla stock."  The Biden photo caption says: "1/25/21 Joe signs EO for all fed vehicles to be EV!" The headline above the images reads: "Wow! What are the odds of that? Talk about luck!! What are the odds?" The poster wrote: "Wake up, realizing that it’s all about them making money, well (sic) restricting us." The transaction and the timing The post misstates the timing of both the securities transaction and the executive order.  Under the Ethics in Government Act, members of Congress must file periodic transaction reports when they buy or sell stock or other securities for any transaction that exceeds $1,000. (The requirement also covers transactions by a lawmaker’s spouse and dependent children.) Only a range of the value of a transaction must be disclosed. The reports must be filed within 30 days of when the member was notified of the transaction, and no later than 45 days after the transaction occurred. Nancy Pelosi filed a report with the House dated Jan. 21 listing her husband’s securities transactions involving Tesla and a few other companies. "The Speaker has no involvement or prior knowledge of these transactions," said her spokesman, Drew Hammill. According to the report, on Dec. 22, Paul Pelosi bought 25 call options of Tesla stock for between $500,001 and $1 million. The options had a strike price of $500 and an expiration date of March 18, 2022.  In other words, Paul Pelosi purchased the right to buy Tesla stock at $500 per share prior to the expiration date. On Dec. 22, Tesla stock was trading at around $650, having climbed from less than $90 at the start of 2020, on a split-adjusted basis. At the time of this writing on Feb. 2, Tesla’s stock was trading at about $878 a share  Nancy Pelosi’s report appears to be in line with what members of Congress are required to disclose. Biden’s actions During his run for president, Biden pledged to "make a major federal commitment to purchase clean vehicles for federal, state, tribal, postal, and local fleets." So his intent to steer the government toward an electric fleet was a matter of public record, though it didn’t take the form of an executive order until Jan. 27, a week after he took office.  The post we’re checking alludes to an executive order Biden signed Jan. 25. That "Buy American" order does not mention any federal government purchases of electric vehicles. But in signing the order, Biden announced that he plans to eventually replace the government’s fleet of cars and trucks with electric vehicles assembled in the United States. He did not state a timeline, or mention any specific manufacturer.  The Jan. 27 order, on climate, included a "federal clean electricity and vehicle procurement strategy." It directed "all available procurement authorities to achieve or facilitate … clean and zero-emission vehicles for Federal, State, local, and Tribal government fleets, including vehicles of the United States Postal Service." The order specifically calls for "spurring the creation of union jobs" in the manufacture of those new vehicles. Tesla’s assembly workers in California are not unionized.  No manufacturer of electric vehicles in the United States complies with the new "Buy American" and unionized labor provisions, according to Wired. Replacing the federal fleet with American-produced EVs will be costly and take time, as only a handful of all-electric vehicle models are assembled in the United States, CNBC reported.  Our ruling An image shared on Facebook claims that Nancy Pelosi bought $1.25 million in Tesla stock the day before Biden signed an order "for all federal vehicles" to be electric, implying that she sought to profit from inside information about new government policies. The House speaker did report transactions involving Tesla stock, but the post misrepresented the purchases and Biden’s policies to create the false impression that the transactions represented improper insider trading in Tesla shares. The statement contains an element of truth, but ignores critical facts would give a different impression — our definition of Mostly False.

Ethics,Facebook Fact-checks,California,Facebook posts

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Facebook posts

2021-01-31 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

Says Nancy Pelosi bought $1.25 million in Tesla stock the day before Joe Biden signed an order “for all federal vehicles” to be electric.

Tom Kertscher

2021-02-02 00:00:00

barely-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/feb/02/chuck-grassley/why-are-insulin-prices-going-chuck-grassley-explai/

Why are insulin prices going up? Chuck Grassley explains it

More than 7 million Americans require insulin to treat their diabetes but some people struggle to afford the cost. On Jan. 14, 2021, Sen. Chuck Grassley, R-Iowa, tweeted, "2day Sen Wyden & I released Finance Cmte report on INSULIN costs Prices hv gone THRU THE ROOF for patients/taxpayers bc of manufacturer, health plan & PBM biz practices They make $$ as % of ballooning list price so no incentive to lower price on 100 yr old drug." Grassley has a history of attempting through proposed legislation to lower the cost of the drug, and Sen. Ron Wyden, D-Oregon, worked with him as the ranking minority member on the Senate Finance Committee when Republicans controlled the Senate. Is Grassley right when he tweets about why insulin costs so much? To answer that question, we look, first, at those costs. Insulin costs the people who use it a lot, as we have reported on in the past. Between 2012 and 2016, the drug’s cost nearly doubled, although some prices have declined slightly in the past few years. Goodrx.com, an online company that reports on drug prices as part of a discounting business, reportsthat, in 2020, consumers could buy a generic insulin lispro KwikPen for $60, compared to the name-brand Humalog KwikPen for $140. Insulin remains expensive even when its price drops. Although a Humalog 50/50 vial has decreased slightly in price, one vial still costs an average of $390.23, the Goodrx web listing shows. Depending on the pharmacy and any savings found online, customers could end up paying more or less than that average.  David Tridgell, a Minneapolis endocrinologist who has had Type 1 diabetes since he was 15, wrote in The Washington Post in 2017 that patients with Type 1 diabetes tend to use two or three vials of insulin per month. At the current cost of one vial of Humalog 50/50, these patients would spend $780 to $1,170 on their insulin every month. Type 2 Diabetes patients can require even more insulin per month, sometimes requiring six or more vials, Tridgell wrote. This would add up to $2,341 or more every month. Grassley claims that the increase is tied to the business practices of manufacturers, health plans and PBMs, or pharmacy benefit managers. An April 10, 2019, House Committee on Energy and Commerce hearing titled, "Priced Out of a Lifesaving Drug: Getting Answers on the Rising Cost of Insulin," featured testimony from CVS Health, Express Scripts, OptumRx, Eli Lilly and Company, Novo Nordisk, and Sanofi. They couldn’t lower the prices of insulin, the company representatives claimed, because of how PBMs and health insurance companies operate. PBMs serve as a liaison between drug companies and health insurance companies, negotiating what insurance companies, pharmacies and patients pay for a drug. PBMs and insurance companies help to determine on which tier of the formulary the drug will be placed. They can negotiate rebates, discounts, and other services. These rebates and other benefits are passed on to the health plans. Medicare, the government funded insurance program for seniors, is barred from participating in these negotiations.  A study published by the American Diabetes Association in 2018 showed that these negotiations encourage high list prices. As these list prices increase, "profits of the intermediaries in the insulin supply chain, such as wholesalers, PBMs and pharmacies, increase because each may receive a rebate, discount or fee calculated as a percentage of the list price."  The study also reported that, because transparency is lacking within the insulin supply chain, "it is unclear precisely how the dollars flow and how much each intermediary profits." Some insulin producers blame insulin’s prices on the cost of innovation. However, Mayo Clinic hematologist S. Vincent Rajkumar dismissed this claim in a paper published by Mayo Clinic in January 2020. Rajkumar wrote that limited innovation exists when it comes to insulin, and that what matters more is affordability. This sentiment was echoed in the April 2019 House hearing when Rep. Mckinley (R-West Virginia) said, "Innovation is supposed to drive prices down, not up." The bipartisan United States Senate Finance Committee staff report, "Insulin: Examining the Factors Driving the Rising Cost of a Century Old Drug," that was released Jan. 14, 2021, stated, "Eli Lilly reported spending $395 million on R&D costs for Humalog, Humulin, and Basaglar between 2014 and 2018, during which time the company spent nearly $1.5 billion on sales and marketing expenses for its insulins."  The report also cited instances of 100-year-old drugs still going up in price. Every time a pharmacy dispenses therapeutic insulin, manufacturers pay PBMs administrative fees as high as 5 percent of the drug’s wholesale acquisition cost, the Senate staff report states. "These fees are a significant revenue stream for PBMs and likely act as a countervailing force against lower list prices—PBMs may be reluctant to push for lower WAC prices since it would reduce their administrative fee-based revenue," the report stated. Our ruling Grassley said that insulin prices have dramatically increased because of manufacturer, health plan, and pharmacy benefit manager practices. He’s right. Innovations alone aren’t enough to justify the extreme increases in price that have raised insulin costs over the years. PBMs, with their complicated discount negotiations; and manufacturers, with their continuing drive to increase earnings, both play a role. So do drug stores, pharmacies, and other suppliers who want to be competitive in the marketplace by offering consumers discounts. But the discounts don’t go to everyone with diabetes, and when they do, they vary from vendor to vendor. Multiple studies in recent years, testimony in public hearings, the drug’s pricing history, and sourcing in federal government reports show examples of complicated procedures related in large part to negotiated discounts for some vendors adding to overall insulin costs. We rate Grassley’s statement True.  CORRECTION: A previous version of this article incorrectly stated that the acronym PBM stood for pharmacy business manager; it is pharmacy benefit manager.

Corrections and Updates,Drugs,Health Care,Iowa,Chuck Grassley

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Viral image

2021-01-25 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

H&M advertised a sweatshirt that said, “Koolest Kid in the Klan.”

Ciara O'Rourke

2021-02-02 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/feb/02/tony-evers/evers-right-unemployment-benefits-harder-access-go/

Evers right that unemployment benefits harder to access, but multiple factors involved in delays.

Wisconsin has faced a host of issues with unemployment payments during the coronavirus pandemic.  First, the outdated system for managing claims was overwhelmed, creating a backlog that persisted for most of 2020. The Department of Workforce Development also saw an influx of calls about unclear questions, mistakes on applications and general confusion about unemployment benefits, of which only a small percentage were answered.  Some people have waited nearly a year for their benefits to arrive, living on the edge of losing homes, cars and the ability to feed families.  Gov. Tony Evers has faced backlash over how his administration has handled the issue. He, in turn, has said the GOP-controlled Legislature carries much of the blame. Here is how Evers phrased it Jan. 12, 2021 during his annual State of the State address:  "The fact of the matter is that previous administrations and more than a decades’ worth of legislators have known this system was outdated and couldn’t handle an economic crisis like the one this pandemic presented, and they never took the time to fix it. And to make matters worse, the Legislature spent the last decade passing laws deliberately making it even harder for people to access these critical supports when they need it most, exacerbating the problems with our already-outdated system."  That’s a lot. For this fact check, we are focusing on the end of the claim. Did actions by the Legislature -- which the GOP has held outright since 2010 -- deliberately make it harder to get benefits and exacerbate problems? Republican lawmakers spent years tightening restrictions When asked for backup, Britt Cudabeck, deputy communications director for Evers, cited a series of laws passed since 2011 related to unemployment. Many were outlined in a May 26, 2020 article in the Milwaukee Journal Sentinel.  Here’s a look at some of the laws:  In 2011, the Legislature passed a law creating a one-week waiting period before anyone who lost a job could claim benefits. Then-Gov. Scott Walker, a Republican, signed the measure. Evers and Republican lawmakers agreed to suspend the waiting period, but the law is expected to go back into effect in the coming months.  In 2012, Republicans approved a law that prevented claimants from receiving benefits if they didn’t search for work, worked more than 32 hours in a week or got more than $500 in sick pay, holiday pay, vacation pay or termination pay.  In 2013, among other changes, Republicans expanded the work search requirement and established more instances in which benefits could be cut off for "misconduct," which previously had to be decided on a case-by-case basis. In 2015, they passed a law requiring people seeking unemployment benefits to take a drug test, but that measure has not yet been implemented because the federal government did not sign off on the measure until 2019. During the same year, Republicans increased the number of situations in which someone can be denied benefits for refusing a job offer.  Most recently, in 2018, just before Evers took office, Republican lawmakers approved lame-duck laws that limited the governor’s power in many ways, including by restricting the ability of the administration to waive many criteria for receiving benefits.  A 2017 study by the National Employment Law Project found that Wisconsin had one of the steepest increases in unemployment denials between 2012 and 2016, the time in which most of the above measures were passed. The denial rate for those five years was 10%, up from 1% from 2007 to 2011.  So, there is no question Republicans passed a series of changes that made receiving unemployment benefits more difficult. More to the issue That said, there are other elements to the claim. Part of Evers’ claim was the GOP-backed changes were "exacerbating the problems with our already-outdated system."  Adam Gibbs, communications director for Senate Majority Leader Devin LeMahieu, R-Oostburg, said the intent of the bills was to help close a deficit. Meanwhile, Adam King, director of social media for Assembly Speaker Robin Vos, R-Rochester, said in an email that the changes in state law were "consistent with many other states and federal guidance" and that the changes have not been the cause of slower benefit payments. Neither directly addressed whether the changes in the law made the problems being experienced today worse. The Evers administration has said the outdated unemployment computer system, which is nearly 50 years old, is hard to program, causes delays and makes applying for unemployment hard for Wisconsinites.  Yet, after the backlog developed, amid a public outcry, Evers replaced the head of the department and under new leadership (and a partnership with Google Cloud), the backlog of claims has nearly disappeared.   So, the backlog was cleared using the same system, which undermines Evers’ point. Our rating Evers claimed the Legislature has made it harder for people to access unemployment insurance over the last decade. The changes made to the unemployment system by Republicans over the past decade is well documented. And the changes have been grafted into an outdated computer system. But those changes are not entirely to blame for the problems getting the system functioning smoothly today. We rate this claim Half True.       

Economy,Families,Jobs,States,Wisconsin,Tony Evers

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Chuck Grassley

2021-01-14 00:00:00

a tweet:

Insulin prices have "gone THRU THE ROOF for patients/taxpayers bc of manufacturer, health plan & PBM biz practices."

Madison Black

2021-02-02 00:00:00

true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/feb/02/jenna-wadsworth/elaine-marshall-has-won-more-statewide-races-anyon/

Elaine Marshall has won more statewide races than anyone alive in North Carolina

Former North Carolina agriculture commissioner candidate Jenna Wadsworth says Secretary of State Elaine Marshall has an unparalleled political record. "Sec. Marshall has won more statewide races than probably anyone else alive in NC at this point or is damn close," Wadsworth tweeted. Wadsworth tweeted the claim as part of a message urging Democrats to consider the strength of female candidates before moving ahead with another white male nominee for U.S. Senate. The current seat holder, Republican Richard Burr, says he won’t seek reelection in 2022. The same day as her tweet, state Sen. Jeff Jackson announced his candidacy for U.S. Senate. We wondered: Is it true that Secretary of State Elaine Marshall has won more statewide races in North Carolina than anyone alive? Wadsworth said she was thinking of not only general elections but also primaries when she tweeted her claim about Marshall.  However, we’ll focus on general elections for a couple reasons. For one, in North Carolina, primaries aren’t open to every voter. We also found it difficult to find official primary records dating back several decades.  So we scrolled through internet archives, reached out to the state’s political parties and consulted UNC School of Government Librarian Alex Hess. It appears Wadsworth is right. The "statewide" part means we’re only looking at U.S. senators, governors, Council of State members, and judges. And the "alive" part is key.  Elected seven times If you consider all candidates living or dead, Marshall does not hold the record for winning the most statewide elections in North Carolina. That record likely belongs to the late Thad Eure, who was elected secretary of state 13 times and served for 53 years. The late former agriculture commissioner Jim Graham, who won nine times, appears to have won the second-most statewide races. Marshall, 75, has been elected secretary of state seven times dating back to 1996. She ran for U.S. Senate twice, losing the Democratic primary in 2002, and then winning a primary runoff in 2010 but losing to Burr in the general election. When it comes to statewide races won, Marshall’s closest competitor appears to be Gov. Roy Cooper. Cooper has won six statewide races dating back to 2000. Before winning gubernatorial races in 2020 and 2016, voters elected Cooper attorney general four times. If we consider primaries, Marshall appears to be tied for winning the most races for statewide office.  When we include the three primaries Marshall has won, her tally comes to 10 victories for statewide election. When Cooper’s four primaries are counted, he also lands at 10 statewide wins. Former Gov. Jim Hunt has also won 10, if you count each of the primaries he won prior to winning four terms as governor and one as lieutenant governor.  Before Hunt’s tenure, governors could only serve one term and were not allowed to run for reelection.  Other notable North Carolinians Incumbency has served top North Carolinians well through the years. Here’s a brief rundown of notable current and former politicians who have won multiple statewide races. U.S. Senators: The late Jesse Helms was elected to Senate five times and served for 40 years. Burr won three terms and Thom Tillis has won two terms in the U.S. Senate. Prior to running for Senate, neither ran a statewide race.  Other recent senators -- Kay Hagan, Elizabeth Dole, John Edwards, Lauch Faircloth -- each one a single term. Governors: Of North Carolina’s other living former governors, Mike Easley won the most statewide races. He won two terms for governor and two for attorney general. Former Gov. Jim Martin won two terms, while Pat McCrory and Bev Perdue each served a single term. Perdue, for her part, also won two terms as lieutenant governor. Council of State: Several commissioners and Council of State members have won five or more statewide races.  The late Jim Long won six terms as insurance commissioner. Agriculture Commissioner Steve Troxler has won five terms in a row dating back to 2004. Cherie Berry won five terms as labor commissioner before retiring in 2020. Rufus Edmisten won three races for attorney general and two for secretary of state. Judges: North Carolina judges are unlikely to ever reach Eure’s record — or even Marshall’s mark — because they serve eight-year terms and are legally blocked from working full-time beyond age 72. Linda McGee last month retired as the longest serving Court of Appeals judge in state history, winning three races after being appointed in 1995. Our ruling Wadsworth said Marshall "has won more statewide races than probably anyone else alive in NC at this point." It appears she’s right. We rate this claim True.

Elections,North Carolina,Jenna Wadsworth

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Jenna Wadsworth

2021-01-26 00:00:00

a tweet:

North Carolina Secretary of State Elaine Marshall "has won more statewide races than probably anyone else alive."

Paul Specht

2021-02-01 00:00:00

true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/feb/01/facebook-posts/facebook-post-misleads-congressional-health-care-b/

Facebook post misleads on congressional health care, benefits

Facebook users are recirculating an old post that accuses members of Congress of enjoying more luxurious employment benefits than their constituents do. "Take a look at the congressional benefits," says the Oct. 10, 2019, Facebook post, which was shared thousands of times. "Free health care, outrageous retirement packages, 67 paid holidays, three weeks paid vacation, unlimited paid sick days; now THAT’S welfare." The post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.)  The post mirrors other claims PolitiFact has fact-checked about lawmaker salaries, which haven’t increased since 2009, and retirement benefits. We reached out to Demian Brady, director of research at the National Taxpayers Union, and Mark Strand, president of the Congressional Institute, to understand what benefits actually come with a seat in Congress. "A lot of this stuff is an exaggeration," Strand said of the Facebook post. On health care The Facebook post claims lawmakers get "free health care," but Brady said their coverage would be better described as "highly subsidized." It’s not free. Members of Congress are eligible to get insurance through DC Health Link, the exchange marketplace for Washington, D.C., under the Affordable Care Act. The FAQ page on DC Health Link’s website lists "members of Congress" among its eligible recipients. The federal government kicks in 72% of the premium costs, Brady said. That lines up with what the nonpartisan Congressional Research Service wrote in a 2017 report.  "They get subsidized just like every federal employee," Strand said, adding that members can also opt to get coverage through a spouse’s employer-based insurance if they prefer. For comparison, employers in the U.S. contributed, on average, roughly 71% of the premium for family coverage and roughly 83% of the premium for single coverage in 2020, according to the Kaiser Family Foundation’s annual survey of private and non-federal public employers. On retirement Whether congressional retirement benefits are "outrageous," as the Facebook post claims, is a matter of opinion. But they are "generous compared to the private sector," Brady said. Members of Congress — save for the few elected prior to 1984 — belong to a pension program known as the Federal Employees’ Retirement System. The program is available to every federal employee, not just lawmakers, as PolitiFact previously reported. And it augments other benefits available to seniors. "They do pay Medicare, just like every other American," Strand said. "They do pay into Social Security, and they do have this federal retirement." The FERS program qualifies members for a pension after five years of service, with previous work as a federal employee counting toward the vesting period. Those lawmakers must contribute part of their congressional salary into the pension plan in order to be eligible for the benefit. To collect, the lawmaker must be age 62, or be at least age 50 with 20 years of federal service, or be any age with 25 years of service. The size of a lawmaker’s pension depends on several factors, including the length of their service. But Brady said the pension for eligible members pays two to three times more than pensions offered to similarly-salaried workers in the private sector. In the private sector, about 67% of workers have access to defined-benefit or defined-contribution retirement plans, and about 51% participate, according to the Congressional Research Service. On time off The Facebook post claims that members of Congress get "67 paid holidays, three weeks paid vacation, (and) unlimited paid sick days." That’s misleading. The 2021 legislative calendar listed by House Majority Steny Hoyer, D-Md., includes only 10 federal holidays that all federal employees get off — not 67.  Defining vacation days, meanwhile, is tricky. Members of Congress split time between Washington and their homes states or districts, and they may still be working during recess periods, so time away from Washington shouldn’t be confused with vacation, Strand said. "There is no provision for vacation days," Brady added. "When Congress is not in session, members often work in their districts, but they make their own schedules." As for sick days, members can take time off when they are sick or for other reasons.  As PolitiFact has reported, members who are absent from votes often enter statements in the Congressional Record to reflect how they would have voted if they had been present. (Since May and throughout the coronavirus pandemic, the House has used a proxy voting system that lets absent members authorize a colleague to cast their vote for them.) There’s no limit on sick days or time off for members, Brady said, noting that former Sen. Mark Kirk of Illinois missed the better part of a year after suffering a stroke in 2012. "Usually when people are running for president, they don’t show up for Congress at all, for months on end," Strand said. Private industry workers get an average of eight paid holidays, seven paid sick leave days and 11 paid vacation days per year after one year of work, according to a March 2020 Bureau of Labor Statistics report. Our ruling A Facebook post said congressional benefits include "free health care, outrageous retirement packages, 67 paid holidays, three weeks paid vacation, unlimited paid sick days." The post gets more details wrong than right. Lawmakers can take absences when they are sick, and they do have generous pension plans. But they do not get free health care, and they do not take 67 paid holidays. There isn’t a provision governing their vacation days, either. We’ll rate this post Mostly False.

Congress,Health Care,Retirement,Facebook Fact-checks,Facebook posts

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Ryan Fournier

2021-01-31 00:00:00

a Tweet:

“The Biden administration lost 20 million COVID vaccines.”

Noah Y. Kim

2021-02-01 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/feb/01/facebook-posts/no-proof-voting-system-michigan-was-designed-creat/

No proof that voting system in Michigan was designed to ‘create systemic fraud’

Weeks after Joe Biden defeated Donald Trump to win the 2020 presidential election, meritless allegations of voter fraud persisted. One widely shared on Facebook came from on a website that has published false claims before. Dated Dec. 15, it features the headline "Judge Releases Dominion Audit Report: System 'Designed' to 'Create Systemic Fraud'," and goes on to say that the report "covers the forensic audit of Dominion's machines in Michigan’s Antrim County."  The article was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.) The report cited by the article was from a firm that provided analyses and affidavits for lawsuits brought by Trump allies, falsely alleging voter fraud and election irregularities. It was discredited by Michigan election officials and the former head of certification at the U.S. Election Assistance Commission, the federal agency that certified the voting system used in Antrim County. An official hand audit performed by a bipartisan group of election officials confirmed what Antrim County had already certified, that Trump had won the county, even as he lost Michigan to Biden. Article from website identified as sharing fake news The Dec. 15 article about Antrim County, located northeast of Traverse City in northern Michigan, was posted on Neon Nettle, which has been identified as a fake news website by Columbia Journalism Review and the Nieman Journalism Lab at Harvard University. Scrutiny of Antrim County’s ballots arose from an error in the reporting of unofficial results on election night, which initially showed voters in the heavily Republican county casting more votes for Biden than for Trump. State and county officials say the reporting error, which was corrected soon after the election, was the result of human error by the Republican county clerk, before the election. But Trump allies seized on the error, and other alleged irregularities, in their fruitless quest for evidence of election rigging through equipment made by Dominion Voting Systems. Report discredited The article we’re checking refers to a "bombshell report" on the Dominion machines used in Antrim County. The Dec. 13 document was signed by cybersecurity analyst Russell James Ramsland Jr. of Allied Security Operations Group.  "We conclude that the Dominion Voting System is intentionally and purposefully designed with inherent errors to create systemic fraud and influence election results," reads the report, which was filed as part of a lawsuit challenging the election. In a declaration made under oath in response to the lawsuit, Michigan Bureau of Elections Director Jonathan Brater said the report "makes a series of unsupported conclusions, ascribes motives of fraud and obfuscation to processes that are easily explained as routine election procedures or error corrections, and suggests without explanation that elements of election software not used in Michigan are somehow responsible for tabulation or reporting." Ryan Macias, the former head of voting system testing and certification at the Election Assistance Commission, said, "The majority of the findings are false and misleading due to the fact that the entities reviewing the system lack knowledge and expertise in election technology. A Dec. 17 hand audit of the Antrim County results done by a bipartisan group of election officials confirmed the previously certified outcome. In the hand count, Trump had 9,759, up 11 from the certified results; and Biden had 5,959, down one vote. The audit "proved again that the disinformation campaign surrounding Antrim’s presidential election and its use of Dominion vote-tabulation machines was completely meritless," Michigan Secretary of State Jocelyn Benson, a Democrat, said in a statement. "Today’s full audit in Antrim County confirmed the truth and affirmed the facts: Dominion’s voting machines accurately tabulated the votes cast for president in Antrim County," Benson said.  Our ruling An article widely shared on Facebook said an "audit report" found that a voting system used in Michigan in the 2020 presidential election was designed to "create systemic fraud." The firm that made the fraud allegation, about voting in one Michigan county, provided this and other analyses and affidavits for lawsuits brought by Trump allies, falsely alleging voter fraud and election irregularities.  Michigan’s election director stated under oath that the report "ascribes motives of fraud and obfuscation to processes that are easily explained as routine election procedures or error corrections." And an official hand audit of the county’s votes confirmed that Trump won the county, with only slight changes in the vote totals that had already been certified. We rate the statement False.

Elections,Facebook Fact-checks,Michigan,Facebook posts

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Facebook posts

2020-12-15 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

An “audit report” found that a voting system used in Michigan in the 2020 presidential election was designed to “create systemic fraud.”

Tom Kertscher

2021-02-01 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/dec/21/chris-larson/yes-majority-wisconsin-jurisdictions-support-nonpa/

Yes, a majority of Wisconsin jurisdictions support nonpartisan redistricting

When Republicans won the Legislature and governor’s office in 2010, the party was in the driver’s seat for a vital function: Redrawing district maps to account for population changes. Those maps led to a range of lawsuits -- which generally failed -- accusing the GOP of unfairly gerrymandering districts to give the party an unfair advantage at the polls.  Ten years later, as we approach another round of redistricting, the political landscape has changed, in that Democrat Tony Evers now holds the governor’s office. Has it changed more than that? State Sen. Chris Larson (D-Milwaukee) claimed in a Nov. 9, 2020 tweet that jurisdictions representing about 80% of Wisconsin residents have passed resolutions or referendums in support of fair maps.  "All told, jurisdictions representing about 80% of WI residents have passed referendums or resolutions in favor of fair maps," he wrote in the tweet. "Gerrymandering is an affront to our Democracy, and I will continue to fight for WI leg. maps that reflect the will of the people, not the party in power."  Is he right? The background In 2011, maps were drawn behind closed doors. Republican lawmakers and their aides were required to sign nondisclosure agreements in order to look at maps of their own proposed districts before the public could see them.  The maps prompted a swirl of lawsuits, with Democrats alleging that Assembly districts had been unconstitutionally gerrymandered to give Republicans an advantage. In the end, Democrats ended up dropping the gerrymandering case, according to a June 2019 Milwaukee Journal Sentinel article, after the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that federal courts can’t consider allegations that partisans drew election maps to favor themselves.  During the decade, Democrats won back only three Assembly seats, including two during the 2020 elections, according to a Nov. 3, 2020 Journal Sentinel article, and one in 2018, according to an Oct. 29, 2020 PolitiFact report.  Evers, elected in 2018, has called for a nonpartisan commission to look at Census data and draw fair maps. He included the proposal in his first budget, but it was denied. Instead, he created the panel by executive order in 2019, according to a July 2020 article from the Journal Sentinel. His panel bars party officials, lawmakers and former lobbyists from joining it.  In practice, it’s unclear what that will mean in 2021. Republicans in the Legislature have not signed onto the commission idea, so they may pursue maps of their own -- though this time they would need support from Evers, instead of former Gov. Scott Walker, a Republican. If the two sides deadlock, the matter would end up in front of a judge. In addition to the action by Evers, various local government bodies have been going on the record in support of "fair maps." They range from Lincoln County to Milwaukee County.  The wording varies, but generally speaking they ask for the creation of nonpartisan procedure for the preparation of legislative and congressional redistricting plans to increase accountability and transparency.  These referendums are at the center of Larson’s claim. When asked for evidence to back Larson’s claim, aide Justin Bielinski noted the senator wasn’t the only one to cite the 80% number -- that Gov. Tony Evers had even done so in the announcement of the People’s Maps Commission. Bielinski also cited information from the Wisconsin Democracy Campaign.  According to the Wisconsin Democracy Campaign, a nonprofit, non-partisan government watchdog group that has tracked gerrymandering, 55 counties have passed either resolutions, referendums or both. Referendums are voted on directly by residents, while resolutions are voted on by county boards.  The population of those counties adds up to 4.8 million people, according to the group. The state has about 5.8 million residents, based on the latest census data. Thus, those numbers mean nearly 83% of Wisconsinites are represented by jurisdictions who have signaled support for fair maps.  Our ruling Larson said "jurisdictions representing 80% of Wisconsin residents" passed referendums or resolutions "in favor of fair maps."  According to the Wisconsin Democracy Campaign, jurisdictions representing about 82% of Wisconsin’s population have approved either a referendum, resolution or both in support of fair maps.  We rate this claim True.  

Elections,Legal Issues,States,Wisconsin,Chris Larson

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Bloggers

2021-01-25 00:00:00

a blog post:

“WHO now saying you do not need to wear a mask.”

Ciara O'Rourke

2021-02-01 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/dec/18/mike-gallagher/data-shows-person-learning-safer-expected-not-driv/

Data shows in-person learning safer than expected, not driving case spikes

The ideological split on in-person schooling during the pandemic was pretty predictable through most of 2020. Those who generally favored lockdowns and other strong mitigation measures opposed in-person schooling, while those who derided lockdowns, mask orders and the like typically supported it. Like much related to COVID-19, however, positions have shifted on this issue as more data and studies have emerged. One prominent Wisconsin Republican says that research now supports a more widescale return to the classroom. "It's time to get kids back in school," U.S. Rep. Mike Gallagher, R-Green Bay, said in a Dec. 7, 2020, tweet. "New data shows in-person learning isn't driving spikes in cases, and school closures leave us with the worst of both worlds: students falling further behind without a significant impact on slowing the spread." Is Gallagher right that in-person learning isn’t driving a spike in cases? In a word: Yes. The cost of online schooling The push against virtual schooling — embraced by most school districts starting in March — has strengthened as a growing body of research shows the toll being out of the classroom takes on learning. In fall 2020 assessments, students in grades 3 to 8 performed similarly to same-grade students last year in reading, but 5 to 10 percentage points lower in math, according to a November report from NWEA, a research-based nonprofit group that assessed 4.4 million students. A November report from Renaissance Learning Inc. similarly found students falling behind in math, with some grades 12 weeks or more behind. The move online has in many cases worsened existing socioeconomic achievement gaps as well, since online learning works only when students have consistent internet access and home support, according to research compiled by the Economic Policy Institute and others. Meanwhile, the science shows school doesn’t present the risk many experts expected. What we’ve learned from the schools that opened As with many other pandemic response measures, the diversity of local guidelines governing schools has created a natural experiment. "Children and schools are not the main drivers of the epidemic across countries," said a UNICEF report published in November. "Evidence shows that the net benefits of keeping schools open outweigh the costs of closing them. Data from 191 countries show no consistent association between school reopening status and COVID-19 infection rates." An international research report out of Spain found a similar lack of correlation, as did a study by Insights for Education that said there is "no consistent pattern between school status and infection levels." Even Dr. Anthony Fauci, director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, is now advocating for a measured return to in-class instruction. "The default position should be to try as best as possible within reason to keep the children in school, or to get them back to school," he said on ABC’s "This Week" on Nov. 29, 2020. "If you look at the data, the spread among children and from children is not really very big at all, not like one would have suspected. So, let's try to get the kids back, but let's try to mitigate the things that maintain and just push … community spread" like capacity seating indoors at restaurants and bars. One project run by Emily Oster, an economist at Brown University, has gathered data from 13 million in-person students (some multiple times) since September, in partnership with schools around the U.S. That data showed an infection rate of 2.2 students per 1,000 over a two-week period. The staff infection rate over that span was 4.2 per 1,000. (Wisconsin was notably worse in both categories, averaging 7 infections per 1,000 students and 19 per 1,000 staff members) "The numbers are small — smaller than what many had forecasted," Oster wrote in an Atlantic article detailing her early findings in October. CDC data shows children under age 18 make up about 10% of cases in the U.S., though they comprise 22% of the total population. (Children account for just 0.1% of deaths.) The key asterisk is that in-person instruction is safest when mitigation measures remain in place in both schools and the community. The CDC recommends use of masks and following other guidelines such as social distancing, washing hands, and regularly cleaning and disinfecting frequently touched surfaces in schools and buses. PolitiFact Missouri noted this in rating Mostly True a claim that schools using these strategies "remain among the safest places for our students." Jordan Dunn, press secretary for Gallagher, cited this research and Fauci’s comments in defending Gallagher’s statement. "That’s not to say there isn’t transmission in schools and schools should re-open without common sense safety measures," Dunn said in an email. "But the data that has been collected suggests, as Rep. Gallagher states, that in-person learning is not driving spikes in cases and schools are not super-spreaders." Our ruling Gallagher said, "New data shows in-person learning isn't driving spikes in cases." Indeed, research from an array of sources in October and November show in-person instruction has not been tied to increased cases in those areas. Key leaders including Fauci have acknowledged classroom instruction caused fewer issues than expected, leading him to support a shift away from virtual learning. We rate this claim True.

Education,Public Health,Wisconsin,Coronavirus,Mike Gallagher

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Instagram posts

2021-01-26 00:00:00

an Instagram post:

Masks have negative impacts on 68% of children.

Jon Greenberg

2020-12-18 00:00:00

true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/dec/18/facebook-posts/no-new-coronavirus-vaccines-are-not-more-dangerous/

No, the new coronavirus vaccines are not more dangerous than COVID-19

A lengthy and popular Facebook post attributed to an alternative medical doctor makes several misleading claims about the new coronavirus vaccines.  Among them: that the new mRNA vaccines can alter human DNA (that’s Pants on Fire); that we don’t need a vaccine because we’ve reached significant herd immunity (we haven’t); and that anyone who has had COVID-19 would not benefit from the vaccine (not true).  The post also erroneously claims that the vaccine contains toxic ingredients like aluminum, mercury "and possibly formaldehyde," and then concludes that, ultimately, receiving the shot is more harmful than contracting the disease itself. "Here’s my bottom line: I would much rather get a COVID infection than get a COVID vaccine," reads the post, which accompanies an image of a man wearing a white physician’s coat. "That would be safer and more effective." Two problems: The list of ingredients cited in the post appears to be pulled from thin air. And a mountain of evidence shows that getting infected with the virus is far more dangerous than the vaccines. The vaccines have been studied for months and have been proven to be safe and effective in tens of thousands of people. COVID-19, by contrast, has killed over 1.6 million people around the world. The post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.)  When the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine received emergency use authorization from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration on Dec. 11, its ingredient list was published online in a fact sheet for recipients and caregivers. The list includes mRNA, lipids, salts, sugar and saline solution.  None of the supposedly toxic ingredients listed in the Facebook post appears in the list.  The mRNA used in the Pfizer and Moderna vaccines represent a new vaccine technology, but the research behind it has been underway for some time.   "It's not a novel strategy," said Dr. Paul Offit, director of the Vaccine Education Center at Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia. "This particular notion of using messenger RNA in a vaccine has been around for 20 years. This is just the first product to get above the water to become a commercial project." Traditional vaccines introduce an inactivated or weakened version of a virus for the body to fight against. By contrast, Pfizer and Moderna’s COVID-19 vaccines use messenger RNA, which is a fragment of the virus’ genetic material.  It works by giving the body instructions to produce copies of the protein present on the surface of the coronavirus, without causing sickness from the disease. The immune system then learns to recognize the protein and produce antibodies against it. Other ingredients of the vaccines As for the rest of the ingredients, the lipids are nanoparticles used to encase the RNA, the salts help keep the pH, or acidity, of the vaccine close to that of a person’s body; and the sugar safeguards the nanoparticles when they’re frozen and stops them from sticking together, according to MIT’s Technology Review, which spoke with experts to help decode the contents.  Before injection, the vaccine is mixed with the saline solution, just as many intravenously delivered medicines are, the report said. Moderna also released a similar list of ingredients through the FDA, with a slight difference that may explain the different storage needs for each. The Pfizer vaccine needs to be kept at minus 70 degrees Celsius, while the Moderna vaccine can be shipped at minus 20 degrees Celsius and can be stored in a refrigerator for up to 30 days after that. K. "Vish" Viswanath, a professor of health communication at Harvard’s School of Public Health, told PolitiFact that the post uses common anti-vaccine tactics, such as using what he calls "scientistic" language, as he calls it, and claiming it comes from someone credible.  "This kind of tactic to list ingredients that may or may not be there is not new. Anti-vaccine groups have always used a list of ingredients even after ingredients have been eliminated from vaccines," Viswanath said. "They misinterpret and distort scientific data to advance their agenda." Some people who get vaccinated may develop mild or moderate symptoms as their immune system responds, including headache, soreness or fever, but these side effects are short-lived and not considered serious or life-threatening.  Some skeptics of the vaccine have pointed to the high survival rates for some groups of people who contract COVID-19. But the vaccine isn’t intended just to prevent deaths, health experts note. It’s also about preventing the spread of the virus and infections that could lead to significant long-term health issues.  Rigorous safety review While the vaccines were developed in record time, they went through rigorous review processes before they were deemed suitable for public use.  For example, the vaccine developed by Pfizer-BioNTech has been studied in clinical trials involving about 44,000 people, with half receiving the vaccine, and the other half receiving a placebo. To receive emergency use authorization from the FDA, the manufacturers had to follow at least half of the participants for at least two months after their vaccinations, and the vaccine had to be proven safe and effective in that population. An FDA analysis of that vaccine’s data found "no specific safety concerns" that would rule out using it for people aged 16 and older.  For Moderna, 30,000 participants have been studied in its trial, with half receiving the vaccine and half receiving a placebo. An interim review of the data found that the vaccine was safe and well-tolerated, with an efficacy rate of 94.5%. Akiko Iwasaki, an immunologist at Yale University, called the post irresponsible. "Where is the data? How can they claim that the vaccines are contaminated with these agents?" Iwasaki wrote in an email. "Getting the vaccine is absolutely not more dangerous than contracting the disease. "The safety of both Pfizer and Moderna mRNA vaccines have been rigorously tested with no serious concerns. COVID-19 has (a) case fatality rate of 2.3%. Vaccine, zero." Addressing some of the post’s other claims The U.S. has not reached herd immunity that would significantly hinder the spread of the disease, as the post suggests. In a recent interview with NPR, Dr. Anthony Fauci, the director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases and a member of the White House Coronavirus Task Force, predicted the country could begin to achieve early stages of herd immunity by late spring or summer if people get vaccinated. "I would say 50% would have to get vaccinated before you start to see an impact," Fauci told the outlet. "But I would say 75% to 85% would have to get vaccinated if you want to have that blanket of herd immunity." People not needing to get vaccinated because they already had COVID-19, also doesn’t wash. There isn’t enough information yet to say if or for how long someone is protected after they recover from the disease. Some early evidence suggests that natural immunity may not last very long, but more studies are still needed. The vaccine is expected to provide stronger and likely longer-lasting immunity. In its recently released vaccine recommendations, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention said that vaccination should be offered regardless of whether a person has had a prior infection.   Our ruling A Facebook post that makes several unsubstantiated claims about the new coronavirus vaccines says the shots contain toxic ingredients and are more dangerous than getting COVID-19. This is bogus. The ingredient lists for the vaccines do not include any of the "toxic" contents listed in the post, and the leading vaccines — which have been tested for several months in thousands of people — are not more dangerous than the virus, which has killed over 300,000 Americans and more than 1.6 million people worldwide. Pants on Fire.

Public Health,Facebook Fact-checks,Coronavirus,Facebook posts

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Facebook posts

2020-12-15 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

Says the new coronavirus vaccines contain toxic ingredients and are more dangerous than getting COVID-19.

Samantha Putterman

2020-12-18 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/dec/18/ted-cruz/mask-guidance-vaccinated-people-based-science/

Mask guidance for vaccinated people is based in science

U.S. Sen. Ted Cruz, R-Texas, took to Twitter Tuesday to challenge the latest coronavirus guidance as vaccines were being distributed around the country. Cruz responded specifically to Dr. Vin Gupta, a lung and intensive care unit doctor who appeared on MSNBC to caution vaccine recipients against abandoning the kinds of preventative measures public health experts have been emphasizing all year.   "This is one of the misperceptions here: just because you get vaccinated with a second dose, it does not mean you should be participating in things like traveling in the middle of an out-of-control pandemic or that you’re liberated from masks," Gupta told MSNBC’s Chuck Todd. "Everything still applies until all of us get the two-dose regimen, and we don’t think that’s going to happen until June or July."  Many unknowns surround the COVID-19 vaccines from Pfizer and Moderna. For instance, it’s unclear if vaccinations strictly protect infected people from serious illness, or if they also prevent people from getting infected, Gupta said. "Don’t let your guard down just because you got vaccinated," he said. "You might be able to get infected by the virus and pass it on to others." The comment was enough to peeve Cruz, who has previously criticized guidance to wear masks and other measures to prevent the spread of COVID-19. "This is a bizarre, lunatic, totalitarian cult," Cruz said in a tweet responsive to Gupta’s mask-wearing advice. "It’s not about vaccines or protecting people’s lives — it is instead profoundly anti-science, and is only focused on absolute govt control of every aspect of our lives." In July, Cruz faced criticism after he was photographed maskless on an American Airlines flight one month after the airline required passengers to wear face masks while onboard planes. Cruz stirred controversy again when he called Sen. Sherrod Brown, D-Ohio, "a complete ass" for asking a fellow senator to wear a mask while speaking. And in November, as Texas public health officials urged people to avoid large holiday gatherings as daily case numbers reached record highs, Cruz tweeted a graphic with the words "Come and take it" beneath a Thanksgiving turkey. So is the latest round of COVID-19 guidance — urging continued mask-wearing and discouraging travel — "profoundly anti-science" as Cruz claims? "I think [Cruz] is talking beyond his knowledge," said Dr. Jaquelin Dudley, professor of molecular biosciences and associate director of the LaMontagne Center for Infectious Disease at the University of Texas. "This whole thing about mask-wearing, taking a vaccine and social distancing has somehow become a political football instead of, let's just talk about what we know and what we don't know," she said. Science-based guidance Cruz’s office did not respond to a request for clarification on precisely what the senator meant by "anti-science." And a spokesperson for the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, the organization for which Gupta works, declined to address Cruz’s comments in an effort to remain apolitical. ("With the issue at hand — responding to comments by a U.S. senator stating that protective measures against COVID-19 constitute "bizarre, lunatic, totalitarian cult" — it would be impossible to make this apolitical," a spokesperson said.) But the guidance highlighted by Gupta is the same messaging that has come from the very top level of the U.S. coronavirus response apparatus. On Monday, Dr. Anthony Fauci, President Donald Trump’s top adviser on the coronavirus crisis, spoke before an online audience and gave the same cautionary advice. "It’s not going to be like turning a light switch on and off. It’s not going to be overnight. It’s going to be gradual. ... I don’t believe we’re going to be able to throw the masks away and forget about physical separation and congregant settings for a while, probably likely until we get into the late fall and early next winter, but I think we can do it," he said. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention also advises that there is not enough information "to say if or when CDC will stop recommending that people wear masks and avoid close contact with others," suggesting that more time is needed for experts to understand how the virus will respond to vaccinated persons. According to Dr. Jonathan Temte of the University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, the clinical trials of the vaccine have only looked at how the vaccine prevents illness. Those trials didn’t provide any information on transmission, meaning that vaccinated people could still carry and spread the virus. It takes repeat exposures for the immune system to learn how to best fight off a virus, which is why COVID-19 vaccinations require two doses about three weeks apart, according to the CDC. Clinical trials through the National Institutes of Health tell us that the immune system begins to create a beta version of antibodies after a person receives the first dose of the vaccine. These are the body’s least optimal version of these antibodies. Phase III trials — which test for vaccine efficacy — indicate these initial antibodies are capable of fighting off severe illness caused by the virus, but may be less capable of preventing the virus’ spread.  A second dose of the vaccine helps the body create a new version of antibodies more honed in on fighting COVID-19. A person’s immune system is most capable of fighting off COVID-19 about one month after the initial dose of vaccine.  "Your body learns. You can’t assume that on day one after the vaccine you’re going to be protected and you’re not going to be able to spread the infection," Dudley said. "We don’t have that data yet. There’s been so many things to learn," she said. This is one of the primary sources of uncertainty surrounding the vaccine: whether vaccinated people can be contagious. If vaccinations protect only against illness and not transmissions, achieving herd immunity through vaccination becomes more difficult, according to the peer-reviewed medical journal The Lancet. "Pfizer and Moderna together project that there will be enough vaccines for 35 million individuals in 2020, and perhaps up to 1 billion in 2021," The Lancet wrote. "As a result, many millions of people at high risk of disease will not be immunized any time soon, necessitating the continued use of non-pharmaceutical interventions." Furthermore, it’s also unknown how long immunity will last in a vaccinated person, or how effective vaccination will be in older people or those with underlying comorbidities. Our ruling The guidance issued by the CDC that urges vaccinated people to continue wearing masks and avoid travel was described by Cruz as "profoundly anti-science." The emerging vaccines each were placed through months of clinical trials that tested for their efficacy in preventing illness. Their efficacy in preventing transmission was not part of the trials and is not yet known. The guidance issued by the public health community is borne out of science’s blind spots in regard to transmission and the gradual pace of vaccine distribution. We rate this claim Pants on Fire.

Science,Texas,Coronavirus,Ted Cruz

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Bloggers

2020-12-06 00:00:00

a video shared on Facebook:

“21% of people are having serious adverse events from (the Moderna) vaccine.”

Jon Greenberg

2020-12-18 00:00:00

pants-fire

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/dec/18/facebook-posts/president-united-states-cant-unilaterally-impose-m/

No, a 2018 executive order doesn't allow Trump to unilaterally impose martial law

Social media users are voicing a theory that President Donald Trump planned to invoke a 2018 executive order to impose martial law by Friday, Dec. 18.  "Martial law or something very similar is going to happen, likely before this Friday, that’s what the experts are saying," says conservative television host Zach Drew in a Facebook video. "I’m talking about John Ratcliffe, the Director of National Intelligence, invoking a 2018 Executive Order." As he speaks, text from the "Executive Order on Imposing Certain Sanctions in the Event of Foreign Interference in a U.S. Election" flashes on screen. These claims echo extreme calls by Trump supporters for the president to impose martial law in light of unproven allegations that voter fraud swung the election to Joe Biden.  There are varying definitions of martial law, and many of the purveyors of this particular theory don’t specify what form they expect it to take. However, their descriptions seem to reflect martial law at its most extreme: the suspension of civil authority and military control of civilian functions such as the courts.  PolitiFact spoke to six scholars of constitutional law and presidential power and asked them whether the executive order allows Trump to declare martial law.  They were unanimous: It doesn’t. "There is literally nothing in the executive order that allows for any kind of use of military force where it isn’t already authorized by statute," said Stephen Vladeck, a law professor at the University of Texas School of Law and a leading expert in martial law.  "The statutory authorities that the executive order invokes would not extend to declaring martial law," said Bernadette Meyler, a Stanford Law School professor.  "It’s painful to hear about this theory, both because it’s not based in fact and because it’s dangerous to be thinking this way," said Chris Edelson, an assistant professor of government at American University. Theory rests on an inaccurate reading of an executive order The 2018 executive order at the center of the claim allows the president to impose sanctions on foreign entities or individuals who have interfered in a U.S. election. It was signed amid reports that the Russian government had attempted to disrupt the 2016 U.S. election and help Trump’s electoral efforts.  "Basically, what (the executive order) does is allow people in the executive branch to impose economic sanctions on foreign actors interfering in the election," said Edelson. "How you get from there to imposing martial law, I don’t know. It doesn’t make any sense." The president cannot unilaterally impose martial law Any executive order that gave the president the authority to unilaterally invoke martial law would be unconstitutional, the scholars we spoke with said.  "The president has no ability to unilaterally authorize himself to impose martial law, just as he could not issue an executive order allowing himself to decide judicial cases or controversies," said Daniel Kobil, a law professor at Capital University Law School.  Under Article II of the Constitution, the president has no inherent authority to declare martial law except under the extreme circumstances of a rebellion or foreign invasion, said Noah Feldman, a professor at Harvard Law School.  "Losing an election doesn’t count as a basis for invoking this power," Feldman added.  In 1866, the Supreme Court ruled in the case Ex parte Milligan that martial law cannot be imposed where civil courts are open and functioning. As a result, one should think of martial law as a state of affairs arising from a total breakdown of civil order, Vladeck said.  "The president has a handful of statutory authorities to use the military for domestic law enforcement, but none of those authorities allow for the ‘imposition’ of martial law, versus using the military to restore order in situations in which civilian authorities are unable or unwilling to do so." The last time the federal government imposed martial law was in Hawaii in 1941 after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. Even if such conditions existed in a part of the U.S., the president would have to get congressional approval to use the military, said Joseph Nunn, a fellow at the Brennan Center for Justice and author of an exhaustive study on martial law in America.  "If the president and Congress disagree, Congress wins, unless the Constitution gives the president ‘conclusive and preclusive’ authority over the issue. And in the case of martial law, it’s the opposite of conclusive and preclusive," Nunn said. And if a president attempted to unilaterally impose martial law to secure a second term for himself in the absence of an invasion or rebellion? "We have a technical term for that," said Feldman. "It’s called a coup d’etat. It would be criminal." Our ruling Social media posts say that a 2018 executive order gives Trump the power to impose martial law.  Six scholars of constitutional law and presidential power told us that the executive order doesn’t give the president the power to impose martial law.  Under the Constitution, the president does not have the power to unilaterally impose martial law.  We rate this Pants on Fire!

National,Military,Facebook Fact-checks,Facebook posts

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Ted Cruz

2020-12-15 00:00:00

a tweet:

Says that guidance urging vaccinated people to avoid travel and continue wearing masks is "profoundly anti-science."

Brandon Mulder

2020-12-18 00:00:00

pants-fire

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/jan/08/jonathan-wichmann/no-capitol-insurrection-was-not-staged-antifa/

No, the Capitol insurrection was not staged by antifa

In the wake of a violent assault on the U.S. Capitol that left four protesters and a Capitol Police officer dead, many on the far-right are seeking to minimize the violence and deflect blame from an attack intended to disrupt the finalizing of Democrat Joe Biden’s presidential victory. One persistent claim is that bad actors from the far-left impersonated supporters of President Donald Trump and are actually responsible for the violence. Let’s be clear — this is completely fabricated. Nevertheless, this line of thought has pervaded social media, amplified by prominent voices such as Texas Attorney General Ken Paxton and U.S. Rep. Mo Brooks, R-Alabama. PolitiFact National rated claims from both Pants on Fire. Here, we add a would-be candidate for Wisconsin governor to that list. Jonathan Wichmann, who has accumulated 27,000 followers on a Facebook page describing him as a 2022 gubernatorial candidate, posted a YouTube video Jan. 8, 2021, with the following description: "A meeting between DC police and rioters / Antifa beforehand. If you don’t know that the DC looting was staged think again." Antifa is short for anti-fascist, a term often used to describe a loose collection of activists who rally against fascism and far-right groups. The accompanying 18-second video shows one man taking a selfie with what appears to be a Capitol Police officer while someone says, "Hey Cap’" twice. It takes place inside the U.S. Capitol. But Wichmann’s claim flies in the face of a litany of evidence without presenting any reasonable evidence itself. Wichmann’s claim and video Wichmann did not respond to an array of messages seeking a defense of his claim. He posted the video on a little-viewed YouTube channel, but also linked to it on his more highly-trafficked Facebook page. (Wichmann himself linked to the YouTube video during a discussion of an NPR story on his Facebook page. He said an NPR story on the protest-turned-riot "has been edited multiple times to say different things throughout the day," implying there was something underhanded at play. Of course, this reflects a fundamental misunderstanding of how news reporting works — the situation began as a protest and turned into a historically unprecedented attack on the seat of U.S. government. So yes, news reports from essentially everywhere were updated as that story developed.)  The first logical hurdle Wichmann fails to clear is that the video itself doesn’t remotely prove his assertion, which was made in the video description. For one, Wichmann titles his video, "A meeting between DC police and rioters / Antifa beforehand." But a man who shared that video on Twitter told PolitiFact National the interaction happened after police started moving the crowd out of the building.  The video appears to show members of the pro-Trump group acting friendly with police. This is not the only video of its kind, as others circulated widely on social media showed officers allowing the group past barriers. It’s part of a law enforcement response that has been highly criticized and led to the resignation of the U.S. Capitol Police chief. But a poor response from police is a far cry from proving the protesters themselves are not who they purport to be. The clip used by Wichmann itself is a second-hand version of a livestream from online personality Tim Gionet, known by the nickname Baked Alaska, who is described by the Southern Poverty Law Center as a white nationalist. The original stream — taken while Gionet stormed the Capitol — has been removed, as it and others are now being used to help identify the people who participated. But Wichmann takes a ridiculous logical leap in interpreting one apparently friendly interaction with police as proof the people in the Capitol weren’t actually Trump supporters. Especially when a mountain of evidence says otherwise. What we know about the Capitol assaulters The mob that broke windows inside and outside the Capitol and violently pushed past police moved to the building after a rally earlier that morning where Trump spoke to the group. Here are a few of the many reasons the antifa claims don’t hold water. Paxton’s antifa claim cited two sources: a screenshot of a tweet by right-wing journalist Paul Sperry and a screenshot of a Washington Times article with the headline, "Facial recognition firm claims Antifa infiltrated Trump protesters who stormed Capitol."   The tweet, claiming a busload of "antifa thugs" had been dropped off at the Capitol, has since been deleted and remains completely unsubstantiated. The newspaper has since retracted the report, and the company it cited as a source, XRVision, has said its software identified two members of a Neo-Nazi organization and a Q-Anon supporter, not members of antifa. Meanwhile, many individuals seen in news and social media footage have been identified, and have lengthy public histories of backing Trump, QAnon and other far-right causes.  That includes the bare-chested man with face paint and horns, identified by the Arizona Republic as Jake Angeli, "a QAnon supporter who has been a fixture at Arizona right-wing political rallies over the past year." And Richard Barnett, who was pictured with his feet on the desk of House Speaker Nancy Pelosi, is a Trump supporter and gun rights advocate who posted recently he was prepared for a violent death. A growing number of people have lost their jobs or been arrested after being identified by law enforcement and social media sleuths. We know the group outside the Capitol included several Republican state legislators, including newly-elected West Virginia lawmaker Derrick Evans, who shared a livestream video in which he charged through a door in the interior of the Capitol building. He was criminally charged Jan. 8. An array of other online claims have asserted the Capitol assault was a "false flag" operation -- a supposed covert operation designed to deflect blame. PolitiFact rated those False, noting, "To dismiss the insurrection as a false flag is to dismiss the testimony of dozens and dozens of lawmakers, government employees and journalists who were at the Capitol that day to cover Congress certifying the victory of President-elect Joe Biden." And of course, Trump himself identified the mob as his own supporters in a video posted to Twitter amid the Capitol incident, where he asked them to disperse peacefully, adding, "We love you. You’re very special." Our ruling Wichmann said "the DC looting was staged" by antifa. Wichmann presents no evidence to back this claim online or in response to our requests. This is a pure fiction that contradicts an array of easily accessible information. We rate this claim Pants on Fire.

Elections,Wisconsin,Jonathan Wichmann

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Facebook posts

2020-12-16 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

An image shows National Guard at the Capitol during the Black Lives Matter protests in D.C.

Noah Y. Kim

2021-01-08 00:00:00

true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/jan/08/mitch-mcconnell/mitch-mcconnell-says-accurately-joe-bidens-win-was/

Mitch McConnell says, accurately, that Joe Biden’s win wasn’t unusually close

In a speech before what he called "the most important vote I've ever cast," Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell, R-Ky., rejected challenges to the validity of Joe Biden’s victory in the 2020 presidential race. "The Constitution gives us here in Congress a limited role," McConnell said on Jan. 6, shortly before the Capitol was breached by mobs of President Donald Trump supporters. "We cannot simply declare ourselves a national board of elections on steroids. The voters, the courts, and the states have all spoken. They've all spoken. If we overrule them, it would damage our republic forever." McConnell went on to say that "this election actually was not unusually close. Just in recent history, 1976, 2000, and 2004 were all closer than this one. The Electoral College margin is almost identical to what it was in 2016. If this election were overturned by mere allegations from the losing side, our democracy would enter a death spiral." Was McConnell correct that the 2020 election "was not unusually close"? The final data provides strong support for McConnell’s assertion. Here’s a rundown of the evidence. The Electoral College Biden’s Electoral College victory was exactly the same as Trump’s in 2016: Both won states with a collective 306 electoral votes. Four years ago, Trump declared this number of electoral votes to be "a massive landslide." We rated that False, noting that 306 electoral votes ranks no better than the bottom quarter of Electoral College showings in American history, and no better than the bottom one-third of the showings since the end of World War II. Experts say the more restrained characterization by former President Barack Obama — that Biden’s victory was "decisive" — is well-supported. Biden’s electoral vote total, like Trump’s, "was on the low side," said John J. Pitney Jr., a Claremont McKenna College political scientist. "The big difference, of course, is that Trump lost the popular vote. Biden is winning a majority of the popular vote, and by a healthy margin." Biden’s 306 electoral votes rank higher than either victory by George W. Bush, who accumulated only 271 in 2000 and 286 in 2004. It would also be slightly larger than the number won by Jimmy Carter in 1976, Richard Nixon in 1968, and John F. Kennedy in 1960. Biden’s achievement is especially notable since it occurred during a period known for high partisan polarization.   "The era of landslide elections appears to be behind us," said Barry Burden, a University of Wisconsin-Madison political scientist. "The strengthening of partisanship in the electorate has dampened the magnitude of swings from one party to the other." The popular vote margin An even stronger sign of the decisiveness of Biden’s victory was the popular vote. The popular vote doesn’t determine the presidential victor — otherwise we would have had President Al Gore and President Hillary Clinton — but comparing the margin of Biden’s popular-vote victory with that of his predecessors suggests how broad-based his support was this year. When all ballots were counted, Biden led the popular vote tally by almost 7.06 million votes, according to the Cook Political Report's 2020 National Popular Vote Tracker.    This means Biden amassed a wider popular vote margin than any candidate since 1996 except for Obama in 2008, who won by more than 9.5 million votes. Biden’s popular-vote win was wider than the reelection victories of George W. Bush and Obama. It’s also wider than the popular-vote victories of Al Gore in 2000 and Hillary Clinton in 2016, both of whom lost the electoral vote. And it's wider than Bill Clinton amassed in his first victory in 1992. Meanwhile, it was far wider than John F. Kennedy in 1960, Richard Nixon in 1968, and Jimmy Carter in 1976, and it was only about 18,000 votes shy of George H.W. Bush’s winning margin in 1988, when Bush won a whopping 426 electoral votes. Percentage of the popular vote Arguably an even more impressive measure of Biden’s win is his percentage of the popular vote. Biden, running as the candidate of the out-of-power party, secured 51.3% of the popular vote.   Going back to 1932, Biden’s percentage of the vote for the out-of-power party was exceeded only by the 55% won by Dwight Eisenhower, the Republican running to succeed Democrat Harry Truman in 1952, and the nearly 53% by Obama, who was running to succeed Republican George W. Bush in 2008. In fact, you have to go back to 1932, when Franklin D. Roosevelt ousted President Herbert Hoover amid the Great Depression, to find a higher percentage of the vote for a candidate taking on an incumbent. The closest states We looked at the collective margins for the seven closest states in the four close elections in recent history: 2000, 2004, 2016 and 2020. Collectively, the margins for these seven states in 2020 were 284,597 — wider than any of the other three elections.    The seven closest states we looked at for 2020 were, in descending order, Arizona, Georgia, Wisconsin, Nevada, New Hampshire, Maine, and North Carolina. (We excluded non-competitive states such as Delaware and Wyoming.) In the end, the highly competitive states of Pennsylvania and Michigan didn’t even make the list of seven closest states. The 2000 election remains the benchmark for a close election. The seven closest states that year — Florida, New Mexico, Wisconsin, Iowa, Oregon, New Hampshire and Nevada — collectively had just a 46,000-vote margin.  By contrast, the seven closest states in 2020 currently have a collective margin more than six times wider than the closest seven in 2000.  Where Biden’s victory was weaker The one metric that shows a relatively close race is the number of added votes in various states that could have tipped Trump into victory in those states and, in turn, could have gotten him to 270 electoral votes. Trump could have won the Electoral College, narrowly, if he’d secured an additional 10,457 votes in Arizona (with 11 electoral votes), another 11,779 votes in Georgia (16 electoral votes), 20,682 more votes in Wisconsin (10 electoral votes), and 22,641 added votes in Nebraska’s 2nd congressional district (which allocates one electoral vote on its own).  Together, that’s fewer than 66,000 votes that, if perfectly allocated among those states, would have flipped the election to Trump. This amounts to .04% of all votes cast. Our ruling McConnell said, "This election actually was not unusually close." By most metrics — including electoral votes, the popular vote margin, the percentage of the vote he won, and the margins in the seven closest states — Biden did put up impressive numbers compared with recent presidential winners. The sole notable sign of a close race was that, due to the vagaries of the electoral college, only about 66,000 more votes for Trump — if they were perfectly allocated among the right states — would have flipped the election from Biden to Trump. But that dynamic has been the case in other recent presidential elections. We rate the statement True.

Elections,Mitch McConnell

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Mitch McConnell

2021-01-06 00:00:00

a Senate floor speech:

32,000 votes for David Perdue “disappeared” during the Georgia Senate runoff election.

Daniel Funke

2021-01-08 00:00:00

barely-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/jan/08/josh-hawley/fact-checking-hawleys-claim-about-pennsylvania-mai/

Fact-checking Hawley’s claim about Pennsylvania’s election law

Sen. Josh Hawley of Missouri led the Senate charge against the electoral college certification of Joe Biden’s victory. Much of his argument was based on changes to mail-in voting in Pennsylvania. Hawley said that he objected to Biden’s win because Pennsylvania failed to follow its own state election laws. "You have a state constitution that has been interpreted for over a century to say that there is no mail-in balloting permitted, except for in very narrow circumstances that's also provided for in the law," Hawley said Jan. 6. "And, yet, last year, Pennsylvania elected officials passed a whole new law that allows universal mail-in balloting, and did it irregardless of what the Pennsylvania Constitution said." Hawley’s central argument is that a new state law about voting by mail — passed not "last year" but in the fall of 2019 — conflicts with the state’s constitution. The courts have not backed up his argument, and he omits the full story about the new law. The state constitution doesn’t have an explicit ban on mail-in voting, and the law permitting mail-in voting passed with strong Republican support.  Spokespersons for Hawley did not respond to our questions. What the state constitution and Act 77 says about voting absentee or by mail Hawley’s statement about interpretations "for over a century" limiting mail-in voting likely refers to limits starting in the 19th century about absentee voting for soldiers. A 1924 Pennsylvania state supreme court decision about civilians voting stated that a "ballot cannot be sent by mail or express." After World War II, the state amended the constitution to allow certain limited instances of absentee voting. Article VII Section 14 of the state constitution says the state Legislature should set laws governing absentee voting in specific instances.  "The Legislature shall, by general law, provide a manner in which, and the time and place at which, qualified electors who may, on the occurrence of any election, be absent from the municipality of their residence, because their duties, occupation or business require them to be elsewhere or who, on the occurrence of any election, are unable to attend at their proper polling places because of illness or physical disability or who will not attend a polling place because of the observance of a religious holiday or who cannot vote because of election day duties, in the case of a county employee, may vote, and for the return and canvass of their votes in the election district in which they respectively reside." Hawley’s argument is that this passage forbids a 2019 law that allowed mail-in balloting. Pennsylvania’s senators disagreed. Sen. Bob Casey, D-Pa., spoke during the debate of Biden’s electoral college votes, and said the constitution gives reasons while someone might need to vote remotely, but it didn’t forbid other reasons. "There is no in-person requirement in our state constitution," Casey said. "The constitution set a floor, not a ceiling, for this type of voting."  How Pennsylvania expanded by-mail voting In October 2019, the Republican-led Pennsylvania General Assembly passed an election law, Act 77, that added no-excuse voting by mail, a provision pushed by Democrats. The act says that any qualified elector who is not eligible to be an absentee elector can get a mail-in ballot. Republicans got one of their priorities included too: elimination of straight-ticket voting. The bill drew supporters from both parties, but it had more support from Republicans.  "It was always touted as a bipartisan effort to get ready for 2020, pre-pandemic, bring Pennsylvania in line with Florida and Ohio and a bunch of states that had the no excuse system," said Edward B. Foley, an Ohio State University constitutional law professor who specializes in elections. Act 77 required constitutional challenges be brought within 180 days, but that didn’t happen. After Trump lost the Nov. 3 election, U.S. Rep. Mike Kelly, R-Pa., and co-plaintiffs filed a case against state officials arguing that the mail-in ballot provisions in Act 77 were a violation. Kelly asked the court to prohibit the certification of results that included mail-in ballots or direct the Pennsylvania General Assembly to choose electors.  One week later, the state Supreme Court dismissed the petition as untimely, writing that the plaintiffs filed their case more than a year after Act 77 was enacted and after millions of residents had already voted in the primary and general elections. The case was filed as the final ballots "were being tallied, with the results becoming seemingly apparent," the court wrote. The court’s three page order did not address whether Act 77 and the state constitution were in conflict. "It is not our role to lend legitimacy to such transparent and untimely efforts to subvert the will of Pennsylvania voters," Justice David Wecht, a Democrat, wrote. Chief Justice Thomas Saylor, a Republican, wrote that throwing out votes at this point was extreme and untenable: "There has been too much good-faith reliance, by the electorate, on the no-excuse mail-in voting regime created by Act 77." After losing, Kelly took the case to the U.S. Supreme Court, where an emergency application for injunctive relief was denied by Justice Samuel Alito Dec. 8. Kelly is still seeking review by the U.S. Supreme Court.  Pat Toomey, Pennsylvania’s Republican senator, said many Pennsylvania lawmakers believe the law is constitutional.  "Clearly the state legislature and governor believe it is consistent with the state constitution," Toomey said. "This law wasn’t challenged when it was passed, it wasn’t challenged when it was applied during the June primary election. It was only challenged after President Trump lost the general election."  Election law experts weigh in Election law experts said that even if Hawley were right about the law violating the state constitution, which is debatable, it still wouldn’t be the role of the U.S. Congress to fix it.  When Hawley defended his decision to challenge Pennsylvania’s electoral vote, University of Texas law professor Stephen Vladeck tweeted: "In other words, @HawleyMO’s main gripe is that the (Republican-led) Pennsylvania legislature violated the *Pennsylvania* Constitution when it expanded mail-in voting in 2019. 1. That’s not fraud. 2. That’s a question for the *Pennsylvania* Supreme Court to decide — and it passed." Vladeck told us in an email that it is factually correct that the Pennsylvania Supreme Court has never ruled on whether Act 77 is consistent with the Pennsylvania Constitution — the court threw out the challenge as untimely. But to suggest that it’s Congress’s role to intervene in the question of state constitutionality is wrong. "Indeed, it would completely upend fundamental constitutional principles if Congress, rather than the Pennsylvania Supreme Court, were the last word on the meaning of the Pennsylvania Constitution, and yet that’s what Hawley’s arguing for here," he said.  Our ruling Hawley said, "Last year, Pennsylvania elected officials passed a whole new law that allows universal mail-in balloting, and did it irregardless of what the Pennsylvania Constitution said."  To suggest that lawmakers passed a law that plainly violated the state constitution is wrong. The point Hawley raised is debatable, not clear cut.  Additionally, Pennsylvania lawmakers cared enough about constitutionality to give a window of time — 180 days — for people to challenge the law’s constitutionality. No one did until Trump lost the election there.  Finally, it’s important context to note that election experts said that what Hawley argued for — congressional intervention — was the wrong remedy for a question about the state constitution. We rate this claim Mostly False. RELATED: Fact-checking Trump's false claims about Pennsylvania's election RELATED: Fact-checking false claims about Pennsylvania and the presidential election

Elections,Legal Issues,Missouri,Pennsylvania,Josh Hawley

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Facebook posts

2021-01-05 00:00:00

a video:

“Last year, Pennsylvania elected officials passed a whole new law that allows universal mail-in balloting, and did it irregardless of what the Pennsylvania Constitution said.”

Amy Sherman

2021-01-08 00:00:00

barely-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/jan/08/josh-hawley/protesters-sen-josh-hawleys-home-were-disruptive-n/

Protesters at Sen. Josh Hawley’s home were disruptive but not threatening or violent

Before he objected to election results in two states at the Capitol, Missouri Sen. Josh Hawley told his followers about an incident occurring at his Vienna, Va., home near Washington while Hawley was in Missouri. "Tonight while I was in Missouri, Antifa scumbags came to our place in DC and threatened my wife and newborn daughter, who can’t travel," he wrote. "They screamed threats, vandalized, and tried to pound open our door. Let me be clear: My family & I will not be intimidated by leftwing violence." He was referring to a demonstration held by activist group ShutDownDC. The group was protesting Hawley’s announcement that he would object to electoral votes from some states when the Senate convened Wednesday to certify the results of November’s election. President Donald Trump has claimed without evidence that the election was riddled with election fraud. PolitiFact and other independent fact-checkers have found these claims of voter fraud to be false. Hawley’s tweet got traction on social media, and Missouri Gov. Mike Parson on Wednesday equated Hawley’s claim to the violence by Trump supporters at the U.S. Capitol.  So what happened at Hawley’s house? Around 7:45 p.m. Jan. 4, police showed up to the demonstration, and their account of the event was much different from Hawley’s. "People were peaceful," officer Juan Vazquez, a spokesman for the Vienna Police Department, told the Associated Press. Vasquez said the protesters violated several laws, such as a Virginia law banning picketing in front of a house, a town ordinance against being loud in front of a home and a littering code as protesters wrote messages with chalk on the sidewalk. But Vasquez said that when officers explained the violations, "everyone just left." "There were no issues, no arrests," he said. "We didn’t think it was that big of a deal." ShutDownDC livestreamed the entire demonstration on YouTube. The video shows a protest that, while disruptive, included no threats and no attempts to break inside. There was also no violence. However, protesters wrote messages on the sidewalk with chalk and were warned by police for that. There were about 15 people there, according to the Washington Post. Protesters shouted chants such as "shame on Hawley" and "protect democracy from the GOP." Protesters also lit candles, held signs, gave speeches and walked up to his door to deliver a copy of the U.S. Constitution. Phil Letsou, Hawley’s deputy communications director, pointed to a moment in the video where protesters exchange words with Hawley’s wife and neighbors who came outside. The wife and the neighbors asked the protesters to leave, which they refused, but the protesters did not threaten, commit violence, vandalize or attempt to break in. The demonstration lasted for about a half hour. Our ruling Hawley said protesters at his Virginia home "screamed threats, vandalized, and tried to pound open (his) door." This conflicts with police accounts of the event and a video showing the full demonstration. The demonstration was disruptive, but the full video shows it was not as violent as he made it sound. We rate this claim Mostly False.

Candidate Biography,Missouri,Josh Hawley

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Josh Hawley

2021-01-06 00:00:00

a U.S. Senate speech:

Says activists threatened his family and “screamed threats, vandalized, and tried to pound open our door.”

William Skipworth

2021-01-08 00:00:00

true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/jan/08/joe-biden/joe-biden-right-more-60-trumps-election-lawsuits-l/

Joe Biden is right that more than 60 of Trump’s election lawsuits lacked merit

A day after a mob of President Donald Trump’s supporters stormed the U.S. Capitol, President-elect Joe Biden spoke about the importance of democratic institutions. He said that one of those pillars was the judiciary system. Trump was "truly stunned when the judges he appointed didn't do his bidding and instead acted with integrity, following the Constitution, upholding the rule of law," Biden said. "In more than 60 cases, in state after state after state, and then at the Supreme Court, judges, including people considered ‘his judges, Trump judges,’ to use his words, looked at the allegations that Trump was making and determined they were without any merit," Biden said Jan. 7, at an event where he introduced Judge Merrick Garland as his nominee for U.S. Attorney General. Is that accurate? Yes. More than 60 lawsuits brought by Trump and his allies failed because they were unable to prove their allegations. Some lawsuits were dismissed due to errors in the filings and other procedural issues. PolitiFact reached out to Biden’s transition team and the Trump campaign but did not hear back. Failed lawsuits from Trump and his supporters Marc Elias, a lawyer who has filed and defended cases on behalf of Democrats, keeps a tally on the outcome of the election cases. "It is 63 losses by Trump and his allies," Elias told PolitiFact the morning of Jan. 8. "We treat each case separately — so if there is a federal case and a state case, we treat them as two cases. We only ever count a case one time — so if there is an appeal or remand, we do not treat that as a separate loss." The one case where Trump found success didn’t involve an allegation about fraud. The case centered on reducing the amount of time Pennsylvania voters had to fix errors on their mail-in ballots. The matter involved a small number of ballots that didn’t change the outcome. News outlets, including Fox News and the Wall Street Journal, have reported that Trump and supporters of his campaign have been routinely defeated in court. "Judges have denied or dismissed dozens of cases backed by Trump and his allies, who have pushed unsupported charges of widespread fraud in battleground states," said a Jan. 7 Fox News report. The lawsuits collapsed as Trump and his allies failed to prove the fraud they alleged. Plaintiffs in some lawsuits lacked standing to sue, and some were also riddled with errors. In one case, an affidavit that attempted to cite results from precincts in Michigan cited Minnesota data instead. At least 86 judges — from state courts to the U.S. Supreme Court — have rejected at least one post-election lawsuit filed by Trump or his supporters, according to a review of court filings by the Washington Post, published Dec. 12. Around that time, more than 50 cases had failed or been tossed out of court, the Post found. The Post analysis found that 38 judges appointed by Republicans were among the 86 judges who had rejected lawsuits. The U.S. Supreme Court, which includes three Trump-appointed justices, rejected Texas Attorney General Ken Paxton’s challenge to election results in four states. Judge Stephanos Bibas, a Trump appointee to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit, said in dismissing one Pennsylvania challenge: "Free, fair elections are the lifeblood of our democracy. Charges of unfairness are serious. But calling an election unfair does not make it so. Charges require specific allegations and then proof. We have neither here." Our ruling Biden said that in more than 60 cases, judges "looked at the allegations that Trump was making and determined they were without any merit." Biden’s figure is correct. Trump wasn't a plaintiff in all of them, some were his allies or supporters echoing Trump’s claims. The lawsuits failed for various reasons: some had errors in the filings, others lacked standing. Mainly, the allegations lacked proof. We rate Biden’s claim True.

Elections,Joe Biden

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Joe Biden

2021-01-07 00:00:00

a speech:

Says Joe Biden’s inauguration was fake and he is not the legitimate president.

Samantha Putterman

2021-01-29 00:00:00

pants-fire

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/jan/29/facebook-posts/yes-bidens-inauguration-was-legitimate-no-isnt-mov/

Yes, Biden’s inauguration was legitimate. No, this isn’t a movie

A new conspiracy theory has blossomed among some people who believed that former President Donald Trump had an elaborate scheme to remain in office: that Biden’s inauguration was fake, and he isn’t the real president.  The theory started to gain traction online when the Jan. 20 "storm" disrupting Biden’s inauguration didn’t happen. It  points to a myriad of ill-perceived discrepancies for what a real inauguration and presidency should look like.  These claims fall short. Biden is the real president and his inauguration was legit. The day’s events were broadcast and live-streamed by several outlets including ABC, CNN, C-SPAN, Fox News, NBC and PBS.  The event was much smaller this year due to COVID-19 restrictions. But we know it happened because it was witnessed and documented by elected officials, former presidents, military members, reporters, photographers and performers.  Social media posts and videos spreading the theory were flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.) We debunked a variety of claims that argue the inauguration didn’t happen and that Biden isn’t the legitimate president.  "The White House’s inauguration video was unlisted" Some people on Facebook claimed that the White House’s official inauguration video was unlisted on YouTube because it had more dislikes than likes.  Indeed, the 34-minute video has many more dislikes than likes — currently 76,000 to 14,000 — but it is still up on the White House YouTube channel. Web archives show no record that the video was ever taken down. "Biden’s executive orders aren’t available online" According to one viral video, Trump’s executive orders were available on the Office of the Federal Register website "immediately," while there are still no sign of Biden’s. That’s false. Biden’s executive orders may not have been uploaded at the time the video was made, but the documents are published on the site now. The online register shows that it also took a few days for Trump’s orders to be published after they were signed. "Biden’s granddaughters disappeared and reappeared in between frames of inauguration coverage" Some claim that the inauguration was staged because Biden’s granddaughters, who were standing behind him when he took the oath of office, suddenly disappeared in certain shots.  They didn’t. Biden’s granddaughters may not have been visible at certain points due to different camera angles, but they were present throughout the oath and did not move. They can also be seen standing behind Biden in photographs taken by Reuters and the Associated Press. "Biden took a private plane to D.C." Biden’s form of travel has nothing to do with the legitimacy of his presidency. Biden originally planned to travel to Washington by train from Delaware, but that plan changed when it was deemed too great a security risk. So he took a private jet, which was also a break from tradition.  Usually the outgoing administration provides a government plane to bring the president-elect to Washington for the inauguration. Trump, who refused to acknowledge Biden’s victory until early January, opted to not attend the inauguration, becoming the first outgoing president in more than a century to skip the event. We previously reached out to the White House, but couldn’t confirm whether the Trump administration offered to provide transportation to the Bidens. CNN reported that "a source familiar with the matter" said the government didn’t offer the Bidens a plane, but did not provide further details.  "Biden’s Oval Office is a movie set" Some social media users have shared photos of Biden in the Oval Office and say they provide proof that it’s not the real presidential office but a movie set owned by Castle Rock Entertainment.  Film sets of the famous room exist, but there is no credible evidence that supports this. Biden made a public entrance into the White House on Jan. 20 and was photographed in the Oval Office shortly after. He has been seen in the White House several times in the days that have followed. Some point to a vehicle visible outside the window behind the Resolute Desk as Biden sits there, saying there is no parking lot in that location. But the Oval Office overlooks the South Lawn and has a private road and circular driveway, both places where the car could have been parked.  Our ruling A conspiracy theory circulating on social media says that Biden’s inauguration was fake and that he isn’t the real president. The evidence is paltry. Biden was legally inaugurated as the 46th U.S. president on Jan. 20. We rate the claims Pants on Fire! RELATED: Pro-Trump lawyer falsely claims Biden is an ‘illegal president’ 

Facebook Fact-checks,Facebook posts

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Facebook posts

2021-01-23 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

Says Joe Biden said, “I don’t know what I’m signing,” while signing a document.

Tom Kertscher

2021-01-29 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/jan/29/facebook-posts/no-evidence-biden-said-i-dont-know-what-im-signing/

It's not clear what Biden said while signing document

Extending a line of attack made during the 2020 presidential campaign on Joe Biden’s mental fitness, a post widely shared on Facebook claims that the president said while signing a document: "I don’t know what I’m signing."  The post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.)  The post includes a video clip from a signing ceremony broadcast live in the Capitol less than 90 minutes after Biden became president.  Enhanced audio from the video indicates that Biden, who was wearing a mask and speaking softly, said sign, or a version of sign, among a few other words. But the other words are not clear.  Experts who enhanced the audio told PolitiFact that Biden used the word sign or a form of sign, but it is not clear what he said. The video clip The 15-second clip shows Biden seated at a desk signing documents while wearing a face mask for COVID-19 protection. What appears to be a CNN logo is in the upper-right corner of the screen. Republican House Minority Leader Kevin McCarthy and Democratic House Speaker Nancy Pelosi, both of California, are standing well behind Biden; Vice President Kamala Harris is standing at the end of the desk to Biden’s left. The words "Volume all the way up listen close" are superimposed on the screen as Biden prepares to sign a document. He mutters a few words, but what he says is not clear.  "I don’t know what I’m signing," reads a caption across the video. "Signs it anyways." The International Business Times based a news story on the clip and social media reaction to it, also claiming that Biden said "I don’t know what I’m signing.’"  We found no evidence that that is what Biden said. Enhanced audio results Biden signed three documents, including an Inauguration Day proclamation, at the event. Separately, he signed 17 executive actions, including directives that reverse course from the Trump administration on immigration, climate change and other matters.  Live C-SPAN video of slightly more than one minute shows the signing ceremony was held in the President’s Room at the Capitol. We sent links to the Facebook post and the C-SPAN video to experts who enhanced the audio in the video. They said they couldn't make out what Biden said, other than he used the word sign or signing. Biden "definitely isn't saying, 'I don't know what I'm signing,'" said Hany Farid, professor in Electrical Engineering & Computer Sciences and the School of Information at the University of California, Berkeley, whose research specialties include digital forensics. "I believe that he is saying, 'I like what I'm signing here.'" Denis Teyssou, editorial manager of the AFP Medialab, said it is not clear what Biden said. The White House did not respond to our request for comment. Our ruling A Facebook post with a video clip claims Biden said, "I don’t know what I’m signing," while signing a document. Biden was wearing a mask and speaking softly while he signed official documents on his first day as president. Experts who enhanced audio from the clip said it is not clear what Biden said, though it likely included the word "sign."   Without evidence to back the claim, we rate it False.

Facebook Fact-checks,Facebook posts

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Facebook posts

2021-01-07 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

Says that “those who stormed the capitol yesterday were not Trump supporters. They have been confirmed to be Antifa.”

Brandon Mulder

2021-01-08 00:00:00

pants-fire

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/jan/08/ken-paxton/texas-attorney-general-falsely-states-antifa-storm/

Texas Attorney General advances antifa conspiracy theory after Capitol riot

Not long after Texas Attorney General Ken Paxton addressed a large "Save America" rally of Trump loyalists outside the White House on Wednesday, they marched on the Capitol and breached the building as Congress sought to ratify President-elect Joe Biden’s electoral victory.  But Paxton had his own ideas about the mob carrying pro-Trump flags and signs.  On Thursday morning, he took to Facebook to advance a conspiracy theory that the people who overtook the Capitol were not Trump supporters, but members of antifa.  "Those who stormed the capitol yesterday were not Trump supporters. They have been confirmed to be Antifa," Paxton wrote. "Violence is not the answer."  Paxton’s post cited two sources: a screenshot of a tweet by right-wing journalist Paul Sperry and a screenshot of a Washington Times article with the headline, "Facial recognition firm claims antifa infiltrated Trump protestors who stormed capitol."  On Wednesday, as Capitol Hill police removed the rioters from the Capitol, Paxton published something similar. People who stormed the building following a Trump rally "are not Trump supporters," he tweeted, citing the screenshot of Sperry’s tweet.   "BREAKING: Former F.B.I. agent on the ground at U.S. Capitol just texted me and confirmed that at least 1 ‘bus load’ of Antifa thugs infiltrated peaceful demonstrators as part of a false Trump flag ops," Sperry’s tweet reads.   Sperry's tweet has since been deleted. Sperry, a former Washington bureau chief for Investor's Business Daily, has authored several anti-Muslim books with titles like, "Infiltration: How Muslim Spies and Subversives Have Penetrated Washington," and "Muslim Mafia: Inside the Secret Underworld That’s Conspiring to Islamize America." He has not responded to questions sent to him via email.  Paxton’s second source alleging that Wednesday’s mob is "confirmed to be Antifa," the Washington Times article, was published about 8:15 p.m. Wednesday by news and opinion writer Rowan Scarborough. The story sources an unnamed "retired military officer" who told the Times "that the firm XRVision used its software to do facial recognition of protesters and matched two Philadelphia Antifa members to two men inside the Senate." The newspaper has since retracted the report, but not before Rep. Matt Gaetz, R-Florida, cited it later that day on the House floor, saying that "some of the people who breached the Capitol today were not Trump supporters, they were masquerading as Trump supporters and were in fact members of the violent terrorist group antifa."  XRVision, a facial recognition technology company based in Singapore, issued a statement to PolitiFact and BuzzFeed News Thursday morning saying that the company sent the Washington Times a cease and desist letter asking it to retract the story and issue an apology. XRVision’s software identified two members of a Neo-Nazi organization and a Q-Anon supporter, not members of antifa. The company said it distributed that imagery to a handful of individuals for private consumption only.   The company said it does not know the identity of the "retired military officer" who gave the Washington Times the information it based its report on.  "XRVision takes pride in its technology's precision and deems the Washington Times publication as outright false, misleading, and defamatory," the company said in its statement.   The Times issued a correction to the story at around 5:30 p.m. Thursday after an inquiry from PolitiFact, saying that "The Washington Times erroneously reported late Wednesday that facial recognition technology backed up that speculation and identified two Antifa members. In fact, XRVision has not identified any members of that far-left movement as being part of the attack." Paxton's office did not respond to a request for comment.  As Wednesday’s events turned chaotic, Trump himself identified the mob as his own supporters in a video posted to Twitter, where he asked them to disperse peacefully, adding, "We love you. You’re very special."  One of the rioters identified in multiple photographs, Jake Angeli, also known as the "Q Shaman," easily spotted in his horned fur cap, rebuffed allegations that he was a masquerading member of antifa.   "I am not antifa or (Black Lives Matter). I am a Qanon & digital soldier," Angeli posted to Twitter.   Others recorded videos from inside the Capitol, identifying themselves as patriots, including Jenny Cudd, a former Midland mayoral candidate who said she broke into House Speaker Nancy Pelosi's office.  She told the Midland Reporter-Telegram, without offering evidence, that antifa activists broke through Capitol barriers and assaulted police officers before she arrived. Our ruling  Paxton published two social media posts following Wednesday’s pro-Trump riot at Capitol Hill saying that the rioters were not Trump supporters, but antifa.   Paxton based his claim on two sources — a deleted tweet and a retracted Washington Times article. Beyond those dubious sources, there’s no evidence showing that those who stormed the capitol were antifa.   We rate Paxton’s claim Pants on Fire. 

Texas,Ken Paxton

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4194, 29116, 727, 311, 264, 23810, 315, 7931, 369, 879, 15652, 1193, 13, 9421, 271, 791, 4194, 10348, 4194, 84359, 433, 1587, 539, 1440, 279, 9764, 315, 4194, 1820, 330, 2171, 2757, 6411, 9640, 1, 4194, 14965, 6688, 279, 4194, 39231, 8691, 4194, 1820, 2038, 433, 4194, 31039, 1202, 1934, 389, 13, 52050, 1, 55, 36381, 1854, 4194, 79079, 22519, 304, 1202, 5557, 596, 16437, 323, 409, 12116, 279, 6652, 8691, 17009, 439, 40228, 905, 11, 38309, 11, 323, 711, 309, 5382, 1359, 279, 2883, 1071, 304, 1202, 5224, 13, 122019, 791, 8691, 11136, 264, 27358, 311, 279, 3446, 4194, 266, 2212, 220, 20, 25, 966, 281, 749, 13, 7950, 1306, 459, 26981, 505, 3735, 12583, 17873, 11, 5605, 430, 330, 791, 6652, 8691, 58889, 7162, 5068, 3389, 8079, 430, 28900, 18324, 5557, 22126, 709, 430, 33422, 323, 11054, 1403, 4194, 17555, 34918, 4194, 23832, 13, 763, 2144, 11, 4194, 55, 36381, 1854, 4194, 4752, 539, 11054, 904, 3697, 315, 430, 3117, 8109, 7351, 439, 1694, 961, 315, 279, 3440, 10246, 47, 710, 783, 596, 5274, 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1071, 1364, 14760, 1139, 4783, 30173, 35336, 60080, 596, 5274, 13, 52050, 8100, 3309, 279, 14013, 1974, 48081, 12, 73344, 11, 2085, 10209, 6029, 11, 430, 3276, 34918, 21572, 14760, 1555, 32633, 30740, 323, 46671, 4379, 9808, 1603, 1364, 11721, 627, 8140, 17864, 52050, 47, 710, 783, 4756, 1403, 3674, 3772, 8158, 2768, 8079, 753, 463, 68020, 4194, 85150, 520, 32633, 8270, 5605, 430, 279, 4194, 462, 40896, 1051, 539, 4194, 16509, 15879, 11, 719, 3276, 34918, 13, 122019, 47, 710, 783, 3196, 813, 3802, 389, 1403, 8336, 2001, 4194, 64, 4194, 27619, 12072, 4194, 438, 264, 312, 55535, 6652, 8691, 4652, 13, 4194, 56441, 1884, 63189, 8336, 11, 1070, 753, 912, 6029, 9204, 430, 1884, 889, 86087, 279, 2107, 27094, 1051, 3276, 34918, 13, 122019, 1687, 4478, 71421, 783, 753, 3802, 112738, 1821, 389, 6785, 13, 52050]

Ken Paxton

2021-01-07 00:00:00

a tweet:

The woman killed during the Jan. 6 U.S. Capitol assault was shot by a Secret Service agent, not Capitol Police.

Eric Litke

2021-01-07 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/jan/08/jonathan-brostoff/capitol-police-not-secret-service-shot-and-killed-/

Capitol Police, not Secret Service, shot and killed woman in U.S. Capitol assault

The unprecedented Jan. 6, 2021, assault on the U.S. Capitol spawned a predictable array of online rhetoric about who was involved and what exactly happened. Many details were still emerging a day later, but we know the mob fueled by and in support of President Donald Trump forced its way into the House and Senate chambers after a series of f violent clashes with law enforcement. When the dust cleared, more than 50 police officers were injured and four people were dead — three from what authorities termed medical emergencies, and one from a gunshot wound. Wisconsin state Rep. Jonathan Brostoff, D-Milwaukee, focused on the woman shot and killed in a Jan. 7 tweet, describing the matter this way: "The Trump Terrorist who was put down during the violent mob assault wasn’t (as they claimed) shot by the Capitol Police, they were (physically) on her side. Instead it was a secret service agent who discharged his firearm while doing his duty to protect democracy." The Secret Service claim caught our eye. Let’s take a closer look. What we know After an incendiary speech from Trump the morning of Jan. 6, thousands of his supporters marched to the Capitol. It was a gathering long planned and promoted online by Trump backers and conspiracy theorists. In what experts have called a catastrophic failure of security, the group not only moved through barriers around the building but broke through windows to enter the building itself.  The deadly showdown occurred in a hallway where Capitol Police had used furniture to barricade a glass door. Witness video (warning, graphic content) shows a plain-clothes officer standing with a gun drawn. He fires once as a woman later identified as Ashli Babbitt climbs through a broken window adjoining the door. Babbitt falls to the floor, where she is immediately treated by uniformed officers on her side of the barricade. A Jan. 7 news release by Capitol Police said she was taken to a nearby hospital where she died of her injuries. U.S. Rep. Markwayne Mullin, R-Okla., told Good Morning America he was in the hallway behind the officer who shot and killed Babbitt. "When they broke the glass in the back, the (police) lieutenant that was there, him and I already had multiple conversations prior to this, and he didn't have a choice at that time," Mullin said in a Jan. 7 interview. "The mob was going to come through the door, there was a lot of members and staff that were in danger at the time. And when he (drew) his weapon, that's a decision that's very hard for anyone to make and, once you draw your weapon like that, you have to defend yourself with deadly force." Babbitt, a 35-year-old San Diego woman, was a 14-year Air Force veteran who served four tours as a high-level security official, KUSI-TV in San Diego reported. Her husband told the station she was an avid Trump supporter. Babbitt also backed the violent QAnon conspiracy theory, with 21 tweets referencing that slogan since February 2020, according to the Daily Beast. The site reported that Babbitt posted Jan. 5 that the United States would soon see "The Storm," a day of reckoning the conspiracy theorists believed was coming for deep-state pedophiles, sex traffickers and Trump opponents. Brostoff’s claim Brostoff said his claim was based on watching witness video that showed a non-uniformed officer shooting Babbitt.  But he’s wrong. A statement by Capitol Police Chief Steven Sund said Babbitt was shot by a sworn Capitol Police officer who has been placed on administrative leave in line with agency policy. That’s in line with the description from Mullin, who witnessed the shooting and talked to the officer involved. In light of that information, Brostoff said he "may well have been misinformed" and deleted his tweet. Our ruling Brostoff claimed a Secret Service agent was responsible for the lone shooting death in the Jan. 6 assault on the U.S. Capitol. But he now acknowledges that was incorrect. Law enforcement confirmed later that day a Capitol Police officer pulled the trigger. We rate this claim False.

Guns,Wisconsin,Jonathan Brostoff

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Jonathan Brostoff

2021-01-07 00:00:00

a tweet:

The storming of the Capitol was staged.

Ciara O'Rourke

2021-01-07 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/jan/07/instagram-posts/no-storming-capitol-wasnt-false-flag/

No, the storming of the Capitol wasn’t a false flag

Supporters of President Donald Trump stormed and occupied the U.S. Capitol on Jan. 6. As the mob could be heard shouting outside the doors of the Senate, police escorted first Vice President Mike Pence and then senators out of the chamber. The intruders took turns posing for photographs at the dais.  But online, another narrative is unfolding as some deny what happened and instead push "false flag" claims. (False flags are supposed covert operations designed to deflect blame. They are frequently the subject of conspiracy theories.) "The moment we realized this is a staged psyop," someone tweeted, sharing a video of a Capitol police officer retreating as a mob of people walks toward him.  Other social media users have shared an image of a man behind the dais in the Senate chamber with his arm raised. Standing above him in the gallery, a photographer is pointing his camera down.  The photographer is circled and a red arrow is drawn pointing to another red circle around the man at the dais.  "This look staged to you?" reads the text over the image. "Fist in the air classic Trump supporter signal, right?"  But text elsewhere on the photo seems to refute that illusion: "NOT MAGA," it says. "I have friends in DC now and they are saying don’t believe the media," said one Instagram post that shared the image. "Antifa is who stormed the capital through the back. Protesters are in the front praying and singing. They are looking to divide us even more. They are also blocking live streams from real people. Why on earth would they do that? They don’t want you to see what’s really going on."  This post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.) We’ve already debunked several falsehoods blaming antifa for what happened at the Capitol.   We’ve also found that, contrary to rumors on both sides of the political spectrum, evidence so far has shown that Capitol Police were outnumbered and overwhelmed by the rioters and forced to retreat.   To dismiss the insurrection as a false flag is to dismiss the testimony of dozens and dozens of lawmakers, government employees and journalists who were at the Capitol that day to cover Congress certifying the victory of President-elect Joe Biden.  Rep. Patrick Fallon, a Republican from Texas, recalled on Facebook that "the mob reached the actual doors to the House Chamber and there was visible concern on everyone’s faces." He described lawmakers breaking off furniture "to make clubs to defend the US House of Representatives." Reporters were initially stuck in the gallery on the third floor overlooking the chamber, CBS News reporter Grace Segers wrote in a story about what it was like to be there. NBC News reporter and producer Frank Thorp posted a video from the gallery showing intruders roaming the Senate floor and looking through desks.   Jeffrey Rosen, the acting attorney general Trump appointed to replace William Barr, issued a statement on Jan. 7 saying that the "nation watched in disbelief as a mob breached the Capitol Building and required federal and local law enforcement to help restore order."  Capitol Police Chief Steven Sund said, "The violent attack on the U.S. Capitol was unlike any I have ever experienced in my 30 years in law enforcement here in Washington."  There is no evidence that it was staged, a psychological operation, or a false flag. We rate these claims False.  

Elections,Crime,Facebook Fact-checks,Instagram posts

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Instagram posts

2021-01-06 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

Quotes show Democrats supported riots “when BLM was BURNING down cities and killing people in the streets!”

Samantha Putterman

2021-01-07 00:00:00

barely-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/jan/07/facebook-posts/quotes-4-democrats-twisted-make-it-look-they-endor/

Quotes by 4 Democrats twisted to make it look like they endorsed riots

After pro-Trump rioters stormed the U.S. Capitol on Jan. 6, some have taken to social media to criticize liberals who have condemned the breach, calling them hypocrites for supporting the Black Lives Matter protests over the summer. One popular Facebook post targets four Democratic women in Congress: U.S. Rep. Ayanna Pressley, Vice President-elect Kamala Harris, U.S. Rep. Maxine Waters, and House Speaker Nancy Pelosi. Their faces are pictured in front of burning buildings. Each photo includes a quote purportedly from the lawmaker that sounds like she is encouraging unrest. The post claims these are "direct quotes" from when Black Lives Matter "was BURNING down cities and killing people in the streets!"    The message isn’t totally accurate. Some of the quotes are legitimate, but some are outdated and unrelated to the Black Lives Matter protests, and others are taken out of context.  The post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.) Let’s take it one quote at a time. Ayanna Pressley According to the post, Pressley, D-Mass., said of the Black Lives Matter protests that "there needs to be unrest in the streets."  Pressley did call for "unrest in the streets" in an Aug. 15 interview with Tiffany Cross on MSNBC’s "AM Joy" show. "This is as much about public outcry and organizing and mobilizing and applying pressure so that this GOP-led Senate and these governors that continue to carry water for this administration, putting the American people in harm’s way, turning a deaf ear to the needs of our families and our communities — hold them accountable," she said. "Make the phone calls, send the emails, show up," she added. "You know, there needs to be unrest in the streets for as long as there’s unrest in our lives." Pressley received swift backlash with critics accusing her of condoning lawlessness. Pressley said she didn’t expect that reaction.  "There are moments in real time when you’re offering something — on a stage in a dais, in an interview — where you become aware: ‘I’m going to experience a lot of vitriol for this,’" Pressley recalled about her comment in a Jan. 3 USA Today article. "I have to say, for this particular moment, I had not anticipated that, because it was a framing that I have used many times before." There was no indication Pressley necessarily meant anything other than peaceful protest.  Kamala Harris The quote attributed to Harris, that "protesters should not let up," is legitimate, but she was neither referring to riots nor condoning people burning down buildings. Speaking remotely to late-show host Stephen Colbert in June 2020, Harris voiced support for the racial justice protests that were going on — but she didn’t say she wanted riots to continue.  "This is a movement, I’m telling you, they’re not going to stop, and everyone beware, because they’re not going to stop before Election Day in November, and they’re not going to stop after Election Day," she said. "And everyone should take note of that, on both levels, that they’re not going to let up, and they should not, and we should not."  In a speech on Aug. 27, Harris said she supported peaceful protesters. "We should not confuse them with those looting and committing acts of violence," she said. Maxine Waters Rep. Maxine Waters, D-Calif., is quoted as saying: "If you see anybody from that Cabinet in a restaurant, in a department store, at a gasoline station, you get out and create a crowd and you push back on them, and you tell them they’re not welcome anymore, anywhere." Waters’ comment came in 2018 at a Los Angeles rally after a Virginia restaurant owner refused to serve then-White House press secretary Sarah Huckabee Sanders. It had nothing to do with the Black Lives Matter movement or riots. Waters urged attendees at the event to keep "pushing back" against members of the Trump administration with whom they disagreed.  "You think we’re rallying now? You ain’t seen nothing yet," Waters said, according to a HuffPost report. "Already you have members of your Cabinet that are being booed out of restaurants ... protesters taking up at their house saying ‘no peace, no sleep.’" "If you see anybody from that Cabinet in a restaurant, in a department store, at a gasoline station, you get out and you create a crowd and you push back on them and you tell them they’re not welcome anymore, anywhere," she added. Her comment was met with condemnation from Republicans and distance from some Democrats. Nancy Pelosi  Pelosi’s alleged riot quote — "I just don’t know why there aren’t uprisings all over the country. Maybe there will be" — was said over two years ago about the Trump administration’s policy of separating migrant children from their parents at the U.S.-Mexico border.  On June 14, 2018, Pelosi said that the National Association of Evangelicals told Congress that the U.S. refugee resettlement system was the "crown jewel of American humanitarianism." "And in order to do away with that crown jewel, they're doing away with children being with their moms," she said. "I just don't even know why there aren't uprisings all over the country. And maybe there will be, when people realize that this is a policy that they defend." Our ruling A Facebook post features statements made by four Democratic leaders and claims the comments are all direct quotes that were made "when BLM was BURNING down cities and killing people in the streets!" This is misleading. Some of the quotes are legitimate, and were made during or around the height of the Black Lives Matter protests over the summer.  Some of the statements received backlash, but none specifically indicated that they meant anything besides peaceful protest. Harris, in particular, condemned violent rioters and said she supported peaceful protesters.  Other comments were made years ago and were not referring to any looting or violent civil unrest that occurred during riots in 2020.  The Facebook post contains an element of truth but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. We rate it Mostly False.

Facebook Fact-checks,Facebook posts

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Facebook posts

2021-01-06 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

“Evidence growing that fascist ANTIFA orchestrated Capitol attack with clever mob control tactics.”

Miriam Valverde

2021-01-07 00:00:00

pants-fire

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/jan/07/mo-brooks/mo-brooks-claim-antifa-orchestrated-capitol-riots-/

Mo Brooks pushes baseless claim that antifa orchestrated Capitol riots

Rep. Mo Brooks, R-Ala., asked people not to "rush judgment" on who was behind the riots at the U.S. Capitol on the day Congress convened to affirm President-elect Joe Biden’s election victory. "Please, don’t be like #FakeNewsMedia, don’t rush to judgment on assault on Capitol. Wait for investigation. All may not be (and likely is not) what appears. Evidence growing that fascist ANTIFA orchestrated Capitol attack with clever mob control tactics," Brooks tweeted Jan. 7. Law enforcement officials are investigating the chaos and violence that transpired Jan. 6 when a mob stormed the federal building and forced Vice President Mike Pence and lawmakers to evacuate their chambers. Antifa is short for anti-fascist; the term is often used to describe a loose collection of activists who rally against fascism and far-right groups. We reviewed videos, photos, news reports and social media posts around the siege. Our review shows that the rioters were President Donald Trump’s supporters. The evidence that the rioters were part of "antifa," or that the assault was organized by that coalition, is weak. The claim is being made by supporters of Trump in an effort to distance themselves from the lawlessness at the capitol. Evidence that mob was pro-Trump, not antifa Before the mob breached the Capitol Jan. 6, Trump greeted supporters at a rally and repeated many baseless claims of election fraud.  He told the crowd: "I know that everyone here will soon be marching over to the Capitol building to peacefully and patriotically make your voices heard." But other parts of his remarks had a different tone. "You'll never take back our country with weakness. You have to show strength and you have to be strong. We have come to demand that Congress do the right thing," Trump said. Photos show people inside the Capitol waving Trump flags and Confederate flags, donning sweaters, sweatshirts, beanies, red hats, green hats and other garments that said "Trump" or his campaign slogans, "Make America Great Again" and "Keep America Great." Lin Wood, a Trump ally and an attorney who has filed lawsuits seeking to overturn the presidential election, tweeted a photo of a man he described as an antifa activist. But the man supports Trump and the baseless QAnon conspiracy theory; he’s shared those opinions with his own Arizona community for well over a year. He replied to Wood and told him he was wrong, that he was not antifa. (Wood’s account has been suspended.) A California Republican official also shared a picture on Twitter claiming that it showed men aligned with antifa. PolitiFact California rated her false claim Pants on Fire, noting that  journalists who track far-right extremism identified one of the men in the picture as a neo-Nazi, not an antifa supporter. Facebook posts claimed that a facial recognition firm "confirmed antifa infiltrated the Trump rally in D.C." But that’s not true. An attorney for the firm XRVision told PolitiFact in a statement that the company analyzed footage from the Capitol, identified several people and shared that information with law enforcement. The firm concluded that two of the men were affiliated with the Maryland Skinheads and the National Socialist Movements. "These are two known Nazi organizations, they are not Antifa," the statement said. Chad Wolf, the acting secretary of the Department of Homeland Security, urged Trump and all elected officials to condemn the violence that took place on the Capitol. His statement mentioned Trump supporters, and not people aligned with the antifa movement. "While I have consistently condemned political violence on both sides of the aisle, specifically violence directed at law enforcement, we now see some supporters of the president using violence as a means to achieve political ends," Wolf said. Statements from the chief of the U.S. Capitol Police and the acting attorney general said they were investigating the riots. Their statements did not suggest that antifa supporters were involved. Brooks’ unsupported stance Brooks sent the following tweets as evidence for his claim that "antifa orchestrated" the riots on the Capitol: "1. A Congressman warned me on MONDAY of a growing ANTIFA threat & advised that I sleep in my office rather than leaving Capitol complex & sleeping in my condo. I heeded that advice & have slept on office floor for 4 straight nights. "2. Congressman told me he was warned on TUESDAY by Capitol Police officer that intelligence suggested fascist ANTIFA was going to try to infiltrate the Trump rally by dressing like Trump supporters. "3. Capitol Police advised TUESDAY that it best not to leave Capitol complex. "4. Evidence, much public, surfacing that many Capitol assaulters were fascist ANTIFAs, not Trump supporters. Again, time will reveal truth. Don’t rush to judgment. Don’t be fooled by #FakeNewsMedia whose political judgment drives their reporting. My view: fully prosecute all!" PolitiFact asked Brooks’ press office for the name of the congressman who gave Brooks the warning so we could get more information from that congressman. We also asked whether Brooks himself was alerted by Capitol police about antifa infiltrating the Trump rally. We requested that Brooks also provide any other additional information that supported his claim. We did not hear back. Brooks’ suggestions that antifa was behind the riots began Jan. 6 while the House chamber was in lockdown. He tweeted: "Rumor: ANTIFA fascists in backwards MAGA hats. Time will tell what truth is."  Our ruling Brooks tweeted, "Evidence growing that fascist ANTIFA orchestrated Capitol attack with clever mob control tactics." We’ve found no credible reports that people who identify as antifa "orchestrated" the riots at the Capitol, and Brooks did not provide clear and irrefutable evidence. What the available evidence shows is that Trump supporters were the ones who violently stormed the Capitol. Videos, pictures, and statements from people at the Capitol directly contradict Brooks’ claim. We rate Brooks’ statement Pants on Fire.

Elections,Public Safety,Mo Brooks

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