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der Interaktion Barth-Weingarten, D. & Szczepek Reed, B., Nov 2014, Mannheim: Verlag für Gesprächsforschung. Prosodic, lexical and sequential cues for assessments with German süß: Assemblages for action and public commitment. Szczepek Reed, B. B., Nov 2014, Prosodie und Phonetik in der Interaktion – Prosody and Phonetics in Interaction. Barth-Weingarten, D. & Szczepek Reed, B. (eds.). Mannheim: Verlag für Gesprächsforschung, p. 162-186 Preventing Youth Violence: Rethinking the Role of Gender and Schools Sundaram, V., 12 May 2014, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. 129 p. Political literacy in Japan and England Davies, I., Mizuyama, M., Ikeno, N., Parmenter, L. & Mori, C., 2014 Article in Citizenship, Social and Economics Education Phonetic practices for action formation: Glottalization versus linking of TCU-initial vowels in German Szczepek Reed, B., Feb 2014 Philosophy for children and scientific literacy Dunlop, L., 2014. Perceptions, attitudes and choosing to study foreign languages in England: An experimental intervention Taylor, F. & Marsden, E. J., 10 Nov 2014, (E-pub ahead of print) Article in The Modern Language Journal Perceptions of students and teachers in England about how social media are used (and how they could be used) in schools and elsewhere Davies, I. & Sant, E., 2014, The Networked Young Citizen: social media, political participation and civic engagement. Loader, B., Vromen, A. & Xenos, M. (eds.). Routledge, p. 131-157 27 p. Patterns of boredom and its relationship with perceived autonomy support and engagement Tze, V. M. C., Klassen, R. & Daniels, L. M., Jul 2014 Article in Contemporary Educational Psychology Pathways beyond graduation: exploring the characteristics of those who progress to postgraduate study, and the barriers perceived by those who don't Hancock, S., Wakeling, P. & Hampden-Thompson, G., 12 Dec 2014, SRHE Annual Research Conference 2014. Online Maths Tuition: Trial Protocol Torgerson, D. J., Torgerson, C., Hampden-Thompson, G., Mitchell, N., Buckley, H. L., Heaps, C., Jefferson, L. A., Hewitt, C. E. & Ainsworth, H. R., 2014, London: Education Endowment Foundation. On the predicaments of the English L1 language learner: a conceptual article Lanvers, U., 30 Oct 2014 Article in International Journal of Applied Linguistics Looking after number one: Associations between psychopathic traits and measures of social reward and functioning in a community sample of males Foulkes, L. E., Seara-Cardoso, A., Neumann, C., Rogers, J. & Viding, E., Mar 2014 Article in Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioural Assessment Linking CALL and SLA: Using the IRIS database to locate research instruments Handley, Z. & Marsden, E., 2014, CALL Design: Principles and Practice; Proceedings of the 2014 EUROCALL Conference, Groningen, The Netherlands. Jager, S., Bradley, L., Meima, E. J. & Thouësny, S. (eds.). Dublin: Research-publishing.net, p. 1-6 Linguistics and language education Kumar, R. & Yunus, R., 26 Jun 2014 Article in Contemporary Education Dialogue Knowledge of nativelike selections in a L2 Foster, P., Bolibaugh, C. & Kotula, A., 1 Mar 2014 Article in Studies in Second Language Acquisition It's the permanence of online abuse that makes cyberbullying so damaging for children Kyriacou, C. & Zuin, A., 31 Jul 2014, 2 p. Inverted social reward: Associations between psychopathic traits and self-report and experimental measures of social reward Foulkes, L. E., McCrory, E., Viding, E. & Neumann, C., 27 Aug 2014 Intelligence, gender, and assessment method affect the accuracy of self-estimated intelligence Von Stumm, S., 1 Jan 2014 Article in British journal of psychology Implicit learning and reading: Insights from typical children and children with developmental dyslexia using the artificial grammar learning (AGL) paradigm. Pavlidou, E. & Williams, J., Jul 2014 Article in Research in Developmental Disabilities IRIS: a new resource for second language research Marsden, E. J. & Mackey, A., 1 Jan 2014 Article in Linguistic Approaches to Bilingualism Hidden variation in school performance tables: the difficulties in identifying mathematics departments that are effective for disadvantaged students Baldry, F., Ingram, J., Pitt, A. & Elliott, V. F., Mar 2014 Article in Informal Proceedings of the British Society for Research into Learning Mathematics Handouts not handups Wakeling, P., 5 Dec 2014 Fostering Learning Improvements in Physics Hardy, J., Hancock, S., Johnson, O., Galloway, R., Wallace, M., Draper, S. & Bates, S., 2014, Economic and Social Research Council/ Institute of Physics. 54 p. Focus on Research: IRIS for teachers and researchers Marsden, E. J., Key, J. & Mackey, A., Jan 2014, TESOL Connections. Fair-Minded Critical Thinking in Development Education: Reflections on pedagogies for transformation Brown, E. J., Mar 2014, (Accepted/In press) Article in International Journal of Global Learning and Development Education Facts and findings: A reply to Powell and Nettelbeck (2014) von Stumm, S., Hell, B. & Chamorro-Premuzic, T., 1 Nov 2014 Article in Personality and Individual Differences Fabricated evidence: Exploring authenticity in a murder mystery's appropriation of Early Modern drama Olive, S., Mar 2014 Article in Journal of Adaptation in Film and Performance External Review of the MA in TESOL Programe, University of Malta Hardman, J., 2014, University of Malta. External Programme Review: MA in TESOL, University of Malta Exploring the development of teacher efficacy through professional learning experiences Beauchamp, L., Klassen, R., Parsons, J., Durksen, T. & Taylor, L., Feb 2014, Alberta Ministry of Education. 80 p. Exploring the acquisition of the French subjunctive: local syntactic context or oral proficiency? McManus, K., Tracy-Ventura, N., Mitchell, R., Richard, L. & Romero de Mills, P., 2014, Proficiency Assessment Issues in SLA research: Measures and Practices. Leclercq, P., Emonds, A. & Hilton, H. (eds.). Bristol: Multilingual Matters, p. 167-190 Exercise and Depressive Symptoms in Adolescents: A Longitudinal Cohort Study Toseeb, U., Brage, S., Corder, K., Dunn, V. J., Jones, P., Owens, M., St Clair, M. C., van Sluijs, E. MF. & Goodyer, I. M., Dec 2014 Article in JAMA Pediatr Examining the factor structure and validity of the English Precursors to Boredom scales Tze, V. M. C., Daniels, L. M. & Klassen, R. M., May 2014 Article in Learning and individual differences Effects of task repetition on written language production in Task Based Language Teaching. Indrarathne, B., 2014, Proceedings of the 8th International Postgraduate Conference in Linguistics and Language Teaching. Lancaster, p. 41-65 65 p. Effectiveness of implicit negative feedback in a foreign language classroom: the role of input, frequency and saliency Mifka-Profozic, N., 2014 Article in EUROSLA Yearbook East and West in Citizenship Education: Encounters in education for diversity and democracy Mizuyama, M., Davies, I., Jho, D., Kodama, S., Parker, W. & Tudball, L., Dec 2014 Article in Citizenship Teaching & Learning EUROSLA Yearbook 2014 Roberts, L. (ed.), Vedder, I. & Hulstijn, J. H., 2014, John Benjamins. 261 p. Does a social pedagogy perspective underpin the views of university students in England, Greece and Norway regarding bullying in schools? Kyriacou, C., Stephens, P. & Mylonakou-Keke, I., 1 Sep 2014, (Unpublished) ECER 2014 Conference Programme. Diversity, Difference and Communities in English Secondary Schools Tsouroufli, M., Sundaram, V., Davies, I., Hampden-Thompson, G., Lord, P. & Jeffes, J., 2014 Article in The International Journal of Community Diversity Differential role of language analytic ability in two distinct learning conditions Mifka-Profozic, N., 2014, Measured Language: Quantitative Studies of Acquisition, Assessment, and Variation. Connor-Linton, J. & Amoroso, L. W. (eds.). Washington D.C.: Georgetown University Press, p. 141-155 14 p. 10. (Georgetown University Round Table on Languages and Linguistics Series). Defining citizenship education Davies, I., 2014, Learning to teach citizenship in the secondary school: a companion to school experience. London : Routledge, p. 18-29 12 p. Cross-modal priming with sentences Roberts, L., 2014, Research Methods in Second Language Psycholinguistics. Jegerski, J. & VanPatten, B. (eds.). New York: Routledge, p. 212-230 19 p. (Second Language Acquisition Research Series). Creating citizenship communities: education, young people and the role of schools Davies, I., Tsouroufli, M., Hampden-Thompson, G., Sundaram, V., Breslin, T., Thorpe, T. & Bramley, G., 2014, Palgrave Macmillan. 241 p. Creating Citizenship Communities Sundaram, V., Hampden-Thompson, G., Bramley, G., Tsouroufli, M., Breslin, T. & Thorpe, T., 2014, (Accepted/In press) Palgrave Macmillan. Constructing an evidence-base for future CALL design with 'engineering power': The need for more basic research and instrumental replication Handley, Z. L., 2014, (Accepted/In press) Article in EUROCALL Review Conference session: International volunteering and development - learning to be a global citizen? Skinner, A., Brown, E. J., Griffiths, M., Kontzi, K. & Koleth, M., 2014 Article in Voluntaris Communities of enquiry in science education Combining methodologies of cognitive psychology and eye-tracking to investigate impact of emotions on clinical reasoning McKendree, J., Klassen, R., Henderson, J. & McIntyre, N., Aug 2014, p. 43-46. 4 p. Civic activism, engagement and education: issues and trends Davies, I. (ed.),

« I Got Retweeted by Joyce Carol Oates | Main | More Poems for Philosophers » I have always demanded, wisely or not, my autonomous creative space away from my professional commitments. It may be that I do not in fact have a right to such a space. After all, when you become a diplomat, say, or a priest or a supreme court judge, it is generally understood that your are foregoing your freedom to be, at least publicly, more than a diplomat or a priest or a judge. But the professorial career doesn't rise, I don't think, to that level of vocational self-erasure, where one is no longer free to be more than what one is. Nonetheless, it's a damned hard path to carve out: a multi-layered life of different kinds of creative and intellectual output. Those who succeed in forging such a life are both courageous and innately talented-- I'm thinking for example of Adrian Piper (artist and philosopher) or William Gass (novelist and philosopher). There are no doubt countless others who were squeezed out of the academy when they came to understand that staying in would likely require the sacrifice of certain other dimensions of their personhood. Yet something is happening in the present moment that complicates matters a great deal. All of a sudden, there seems to be a general reversal of the valence of extramural activities undertaken by academic philosophers, from bad to good. There is a hitch however: these activities must be subsumable within the academy under the banner of "outreach". I have resented the academy's claims on my time and my soul so much over the years that I have often taken rather destructive measures to distance myself from my discipline, pursuing my own ends, working in non-academic genres of writing. For a long time this seemed to come at a cost. Recently, however, I have been noticing that this writing is being taken up by philosophy peers as a contribution to the broader public mission of the discipline. It seems, now, there's just no escape. I take the recent rise of public philosophy as an attempt by the neoliberal academy to claim for itself everything we do, to leave us no space for autonomy except perhaps within the privacy of our families. This overreach, of course, is facilitated by the new technologies that also prevent us from ever truly finishing our work day or our work week or our work year, the surveillance devices that pick up traces of our creative activity, convey them to our peers, and let them know that we are not at the present moment reviewing tenure dossiers or grant applications, and this with no legitimate alibi that we are spending time with our family or sleeping. (The current ubiquitous celebration of the family among progressive academics within the neoliberal academy is, I suspect, in turn, an expression of anxiety: work has destroyed our creative autonomy, and it is coming for our intimacy too, as increasingly technology is making it possible to monitor the health of our most private relationships from outside. So for the moment academics tweet about going to their kids' sports events and watching TV with the fam and so on, and they pretend this is down-time from their jobs. But is it really?) The concern here parallels, I think, Jonathan Kramnick's recent criticism of "interdisciplinarity". Of course it's good in principle to reach out across disciplinary boundaries and to learn as much as you can from other specialists and create beautiful music together. The problem is with the way this obvious desideratum is instrumentalized by people who really are not interested at all in our beautiful music. They want us to cross boundaries because that is a first step towards our elimination. Water that spills over the edge of a pool evaporates faster. And similarly with public philosophy: something that is in itself an obvious human good is something we need at least to be cautious about when it becomes an institutional good. Of course in some sense Gass's or Piper's entire oeuvre is "public philosophy": the fact that these artists are philosophers informs what they do in fundamental ways. But this isn't what the neoliberal academy means when it encourages "public philosophy". What it is encouraging, rather, is a variety of "service", as in, that one-third of the promotion dossier that hangs there at the end, the poor cousin of teaching and research. The academy will try, to the extent possible, to subsume whatever creative work one of its own puts out there, redescribing and repackaging our work as if it were done for the sake of the guild. But there is a limit to what redescription can do. It is very adept at absorbing non-fiction prose writing, less so when it comes to fiction. And it doesn't even bother to try to claim the poetry or visual art of guild members as its own. Piper's parallel career as a visual artist is radical, defiant, and threatening; Gass's career as a novelist is a curiosity. I can think of a number of cases of academic philosophers who are also successful musicians; the academy generally celebrates them, in its own way-- which often means unwittingly belittling their musical work with the inane and impoverishing label of "hobby". This is a word for control freaks, for domestic abusers who see their partners' accomplishments and passions as trivial, for mid-century misogynist journalists who assumed that Frida Kahlo was the lesser partner in her relationship with Diego Rivera; for institutions that don't want their employees to do anything but work, and that will tolerate other endeavours only to the extent that they are seen to have some restorative effect that improves production the following day. This uneasy relation to disciplinarily non-specific creation reveals a deep unease about the place of philosophy in the world, and it speaks to the dismal consequences of many decades of retreat from the world by anglophone philosophy that the only means it has to engage with the broader culture is by clunky conjunction: Spider-man and Philosophy, Breaking Bad and Philosophy, and so on, those awful edited volumes that accumulate in the philosophy section of every suburban Barnes & Noble. I'd imagine there are contributors to the books in this series who make the case to their peers and administrators that this counts as "public philosophy". Good for them if it helps them to secure their positions, but woe unto the era that sees philosophy as something that can only engage with culture as if across a divide, bringing its "tools" to make sense of a world where it does not naturally belong, for the purpose of low-status service to the discipline, appreciated, but not that much, like heading up the libraries committee. One thing this dreary arrangement forgets is that there is an old and venerable model for philosophers to engage with culture, not with an "and" but with an "in". This is what is known as "criticism". It has often been produced by philosophers, or by people sufficiently immersed in a learned tradition to know as much about philosophy as one would come to know in the process of getting officially licensed by the guild. Lessing did it, Schiller did it, Adorno did it: they wrote about the cultural output of their time, not as a parenthesis in their philosophical careers for the sake of some light-hearted Entspannung, not to show "non-philosophers" that philosophy can be "fun", but because they were philosophers and it was obvious to them that such endeavours, creative and intellectual at once, were within the scope of their calling. They hated fun, or at least did not consider it something to be valued for its own

What an exciting time it is to be in Detroit. The comeback of this great city is in full swing and Cobo Center is at the forefront of this great story. The final phase of the $279 million transformation of Cobo Center is complete and the results are breathtaking. Beyond the interior changes, the outdoor space has been reimagined with a beautiful terrace overlooking the Detroit River and a large public square. The Detroit Regional Convention Facility Authority's vision of a world class convention center has been realized. Cobo Center is managed by SMG, the largest company in the world specializing in the operation of convention centers, arenas, stadiums, and theaters and we partner with the DRCFA in introducing best practices, fiscal responsibility and a total focus on outstanding customer service. Our success is rooted in the success of our customers. 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To make each event in Cobo Center the most important of the year. Detroit has had a profound impact on the world, from putting the world on wheels to the Motown sound, it has crafted American culture. Metro Detroit has always been a great place to work, live and visit. The region is currently undergoing a renaissance with new developments and attractions. Downtown Detroit's development boom is unparalleled in the country, with restoration of the Detroit RiverWalk, a revitalized General Motors headquarters, the Dequindre Cut GreenWay, and the construction of Campus Martius Park in the heart of downtown. Along the beautifully restored international riverfront is Cobo Center, a world-class meeting and convention facility. Cobo Center is one of the largest convention centers in the nation. Built by the City of Detroit, it was originally opened in 1960 and named Cobo Hall in honor of former Detroit Mayor Albert E. Cobo (1950-1957) whose vision to build a mega-convention center was realized after his death. The center and its attached arena initially cost $56 million and took four years to complete. It is located on the site where Antoine de la Mothe Cadillac, a French colonist, first set foot and landed on the banks of the river in July 1701 and claimed the area for France in the name of King Louis XIV. As one of the nation's first mega convention centers, Cobo became even larger when renovations and expansions were completed in 1989. At a cost of $225 million, it nearly doubled in size to 2.4 million total square feet and was re-named Cobo Conference/Exhibition Center. Now, the Center offers 723,000 square feet of prime exhibit space in five exhibit halls ranging in size from 100,000 to 200,000 square feet. Cobo's flexible design allows the adjoining four exhibit halls on the main floor to form 623,000 square feet of contiguous exhibit space. 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On January 5, 2012, senior officials from SMG and the NAIAS signed a then, unprecedented five-year contract that keeps the auto show in the Motor City through 2017. In 2017, officials from both parties signed a contract for an additional eight years, keeping NAIAS in Cobo Center through 2025. The Detroit Regional Convention Facility Authority (Authority) and the Cobo Center recognize the importance of equal opportunity employment. Our employment practices prohibit discrimination based on race, color, creed, religion, gender, age, national origin, disability, veteran status, marital status or any other legally protected classification. This practice applies to all decisions about recruitment, hiring, compensation, benefits, transfers, promotions, training and education, social programs, layoffs, separations and other terms of employment. Employment opportunities are and shall be open to all qualified candidates solely on the basis of their experience, aptitude, abilities and training. Advancement is and shall be based entirely on the individual's achievement, performance, ability, attitude and potential for promotion. The Authority and the Cobo Center are committed to creating and maintaining a business environment in which all personnel have the opportunity to develop and contribute fully to our collective success. We encourage all personnel at our facility to work together to foster a business community based on mutual respect and support which values each individual's dignity, abilities and unique

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Public Gaming Research Institute Lottery Industry Hall of Fame Maj. Peter J. O'Connell Lottery Lifetime Achievement Award Sharon Sharp Award for Good Causes Lottery Industry Statesperson Award Rebecca Hargrove Mentorship Award Smart-Tech 2019 Ft. Lauderdale February 26-28 Register Now! Lottery Expo 2019 - New York October 28-30, 2019 iGaming RFP/RFQ Lottery and Gaming News Politics/Legislation Sports Betting/DFS Women in Lottery Leadership TENNESSEE LOTTERY'S SECOND QUARTER PROCEEDS BRING TOTAL RAISED FOR EDUCATION TO MORE THAN FIVE AND A QUARTER BILLION DOLLARS "January 20 will be our 16th anniversary, and just as it was on Day 1, everything we do is focused on our larger mission to serve Tennessee by generating proceeds for education," TEL President and CEO Rebecca Hargrove said. "We will continue to develop new and innovative products and services that support those initiatives." UPDATED RFP: MUSL Mobile App Development/Design and Related Services Tabcorp to donate more than $1.5 million to bushfire relief Ohio gambling revenue rises again, to record $1.94B in 2019 Pennsylvania to rule on gambling terminals Editorial: Unregulated video gambling rips off the state and endangers problem gamblers No takers for lotteries, says Belize Commission D.C. sports betting app to go live in March; Capital One Arena seeks sportsbook Swiss Lotto – creating and dashing dreams for half a century Students Now Have an Advocate on Lottery Board Brussels: National Lottery files third record year as 41 players become millionaires in 2019 New Jersey lottery celebrates its 50th anniversary Oregon Lottery's sports app scores with NFL Playoffs New Hampshire Lottery Receives Extension in Wire Act Case Florida Lottery Launches Online Player's Guide to Encourage Responsible Winning, Playing Mississippi - Jackpot or not, Grenada customers bought over $700,000 worth of lottery tickets in the first month and a half of sales It is lottery season once again in Alabama Gov. Janet Mills vetoes bill to legalize, regulate sports betting in Maine AGA Statement on the Responsible Gambling Collaborative's New Effectiveness Principles and Study on Responsible Gaming Funding Maryland lawmakers look at legalizing sports betting Delaware, West Virginia Sports Betting Annual Reports Start 2019 Roundup How pro sports leagues finally are cashing in on sports betting South Dakota to Give Sports Betting Another Shot As Regional Competition Increases Virginia Governor Ralph Northam Not Tipping Hand on Casino Legislation, But Open to Discussion Navigating New Hampshire's newly legal sports betting "Early returns show that sports betting was absolutely the right bet for New Hampshire to make," said Governor Chris Sununu. "With over $3.44 million already wagered here in the Granite State, and with revenues benefiting our state's education system, this is already proving to be a big win. The demand is there and New Hampshire is happy to serve as the region's go-to destination for sports betting." Verizon to Expand Sports Betting Venture to Five More States Legal sports betting: California among states set for 2020 push How Fortnite Changed Online Gaming Forever Kentucky Sports Betting Bills Filed, At Odds Over Betting On In-State College Teams Casinos, sports betting, horse racing could rake in billions, if Georgia lawmakers approve Tennessee Lawmaker Says State Plans To Roll Out Sports Betting In March Vermont Sports Betting Bill Introduced, Would Legalize Mobile Wagering Coalition to Stop Internet Gambling Renews Anti-iGaming Efforts Online gambling proposal could see money flow back to First Australians Sports Bettors In NH Wager $3.44 Million in First Week Of Betting Illinois Lottery Launches Two MONOPOLY™ Multiplier Instant Tickets Michigan Lottery hits $1 billion milestone in 2019 public school contributions IGT Signs Agreement with the DC Lottery to Deliver Instant Ticket Games and Services "Over the last five years, IGT has worked closely with the DC Lottery to deliver games that engage their player community, attract new players, and deliver outstanding player experiences," said Jay Gendron, IGT Chief Operating Officer, Lottery. "IGT is pleased to continue working with the DC Lottery, and we look forward to helping the Lottery reach its sales goals by enhancing its instant ticket program with creative new content." NEW SCIENTIFIC GAMES TECHNOLGY TO POWER GERMANY'S LOTTO BADEN-WÜRTTEMBERG Pat McHugh, Group Chief Executive, Lottery for Scientific Games, said, "We thank Lotto Baden-Württemberg for its continued trust in our systems technology leadership with our new SYMPHONY gaming system. We will continue to provide the best products that drive the most profits for our lottery customers, their retailers and players with technology that securely integrates all game entertainment product lines and offers operational efficiencies. Lotto Baden-Württemberg is the first state-owned lottery company in Germany to implement SYMPHONY, demonstrating great trust in Scientific Games." Maryland Casinos Generate $149.1 Million During December JCM Global® Establishes Local Relationship with Mercado Gaming to Benefit Latin American Customers "Our partnership with Mercado Gaming expands our ability to provide even greater support to our customers in Argentina, Chile, and Paraguay. Customers at SAGSE reacted very positively to this new development, which is just another example of how JCM is constantly improving the ways we serve our customers in Latin America and around the world," said JCM SVP of Sales, Marketing & Operations Dave Kubajak. Photos from some of the Industry Conferences in 2019 - lots more to come! by Dimitris Kakos, Group Lotteries & Retail Solutions Director, INTRALOT 'INTRALOT's Lotos X: Spearheading digital transformation and elevating the lottery experience across the globe Dollars, Euros, Yen...Libra? Facebook's new Currency...Yet Another Regulatory Disruption MEDIA COMPANIES put their MONEY on SPORTS GAMBLING Fran Townsend - Working Harder, Dreaming Bigger 10 Things Lotteries Need to Know About Maryland Could Be The Next US State To Legalize Sports Gambling Cryptoassets and the amended Money Laundering Regulations Oklahoma Governor Hires Law Firm in Tribal Gambling Battle The Danish Gambling Authority has published a guide on responsible gambling New Hampshire becomes latest state to offer sports betting Gaming Commission director departing for private sector PGRI will be LIVE TONIGHT @ "DICK CLARK'S NEW YEAR'S ROCKIN' EVE WITH RYAN SEACREST 2020," LIVE FROM TIMES SQUARE THE NEW YEAR'S CELEBRATION BEGINS LIVE AT 8:00 P.M. EST ON ABC FROM NEW YORK CITY'S TIMES SQUARE 'First POWERBALL Millionaire of the Year" drawing $1 Million Drawing to be Broadcast Live Just After Midnight on "Dick Clark's New Year's Rockin' Eve with Ryan Seacrest 2020" Additionally, country artist Jessie James Decker will reveal the first-ever First POWERBALL Millionaire of the YearSM during this year's live broadcast of "Dick Clark's New Year's Rockin' Eve with Ryan Seacrest 2020." Decker will provide live updates from the First POWERBALL Millionaire of the Year party throughout ABC's live telecast and the big reveal announcing the winner will air just after midnight on January 1, 2020. TENNESSEE LOTTERY PLAYER ONE OF FIVE FINALISTS FOR "FIRST POWERBALL MILLIONAIRE OF THE YEAR" JOB: Connecticut Lottery 'Skilled Maintainer' PGRI LIVE ONSITE in Times Square covering Powerball's First Millionaire of 2020 revealed on 'Dick Clark's New Year's Rockin' Eve with Ryan Seacrest' The first-ever First POWERBALL Millionaire of the Year will be drawn during the live broadcast of "Dick Clark's New Year's Rockin' Eve with Ryan Seacrest" on ABC! "Dick Clark's New Year's Rockin' Eve with Ryan Seacrest 2020" kicks off at 8 p.m. ET/PT on ABC on Dec. 31. This year marks the 48th anniversary of America's biggest celebration of the year and will include more than five hours of special performances and reports on New Year's celebrations from around the globe. The N.C. Education Lottery is sending 20 lottery players to New York City today to New Year's Eve parties in Times Square and for the chance to become the first millionaire of the New Year. "We'll be cheering on our players as we count down to 2020," said Mark Michalko, executive director of the N.C. Education Lottery. "We'd love to see someone from North Carolina become the first millionaire of the New Year." The winners attending the trip are: Illinois Lottery takes a look back at highlights from the past 10 years. From big wins and historic jackpots to new games and modernized playing experiences IGT Ahead of the Game 'Sustainable practices support long-term success for stakeholders within and beyond the gaming industry' Ahead of the Game Sustainable practices support long-term success for stakeholders within and beyond the gaming industry Please click here to read this article C-Stores

I had accidentally pulled the trigger on the wrong nic level on a liquid and sent them an e-mail asking them to change it before they shipped it. They couldn't stop the order in time so they shipped me a new bottle with the right stuff and didn't charge me. How does it get any better than that? Their vapor is flavorful, diverse and as smooth as it gets. You don't have to be afraid of doing business with these guys or their products as their first priority is the safety and health of the consumer. I noticed it and I appreciate it greatly. Delicious baked Oatmeal Cookie. Try this, you wont be sorry. The Bear by Preferred Stock is a very smooth watermelon-ish vape with a light, sweet, creamy overtone. It says it has mango in it, and I get a hint of it - but its blended in. The watermelon (to me) is the star of the show. This is a very well crafted vape and I would give it a 9 if I liked watermelon a bit more. It's high VG, big puffy smooth clouds. If you like watermelon and mango this is great! I get a very mild banana, a nicely sweet pudding like creaminess, something a teeny tiny bit floral with just the nicest little touch of spice. The throat hit is as smooth as it gets, it hits on all areas of the palette and its pretty awesome. You know how some vapes lose flavor in your mouth if you vape it a lot? This doesn't lose flavor. I like this vape because the orange doesn't whack you in the face like a glass of tang. I'm not picking up the cooling effect like others have said on the end but I do taste a nice orange. I like the high VG element, smooth throat hit. Very nice stuff as usual from Adirondack. This is a really nice smooth vape. It has a sweet aromatic vibe that doesn't overpower you. It's crisp and a really nice, very well blended. I would give this vapor a 10 if not for the fact I am blown out on the pear flavors. (Honey Pearry - I vaped too much of it) I didn't let it steep at all so that may be why I cant take a full lung hit on it but I have issues with some flavors and brands of PG. This is nice stuff if you like pear. It's very true to a real pear flavor. If you like gourmet apple pie, you found your vape. This stuff is awesome. I made the whole 30 ml bottle disappear in two days. When they said it tasted like minty fruit stripe gum they weren't kidding. It's loaded, and I mean loaded with flavor. The folks who make Alpha and Omega vapor don't come out from behind the wizards curtain. If you can get to them via their facebook page they are pleasant to correspond with if not oddly mysterious. They don't seem to want to reveal their location. For me it was tough to buy their product after that but I do trust their front woman named Erika (as near as I can figure - their handler) at www.localvape.com and also the folks at www.elevatedvaping.com who sell their vapor on their websites . They have a facebook page for both the Alpha and Omega line and their vapor is very popular with the boutique vape crowd. Zamplebox is a big outlet for people to test their stuff. (where I found them in the first place) Its hands down some of the best high VG vapor out there. I honestly cant tell you if they are aliens or a guy named Earl but what I can say about them is they make an amazing line of flavors that are always predictable and well - almost perfect. Walked into the vape shop to fix a a leaky tank and tried this stuff. Wow! Smooth, delicious, gourmet establishment spicy apple pie goodness. Smooth as silk, not overbearing at all. I thought I got over over apple flavored vapor but this brought me back. Chronos is just plain delicious and a dessert flavor I can vape all day. It's a smokey sweet vanilla marshmallow with a hint of spice and just as smooth as can be....I honestly would give it a ten if the flavor was just a tiny (tiny) bit stronger. I cant say anything but they just plain nailed it on the Strawberry-Peach-Cooling flavor. I cant put it down. I ran out of it yesterday. It just showed up in the mail... in the Nic-of-Time. (Sorry, terrible pun) Oh yeah, good stuff. This does have a Tobacco base with Caramel and Vanilla like it says on the label. It's really nice, in fact its very good. Maybe it's my coil or just me but I am also getting a teeny hint of anise which may be a nice finishing touch. The flavor is cantaloupe, but not an especially natural one, its more like candy but very good just the same. The lung hit is smooth, in fact perfectly smooth which is awesome for me personally. It would make a good ADV for some folks because its not a taste bud blaster. You do have to let this juice steep for the flavor to mellow and blend into the liquid. It's not quite blended in and mellowed out of the mail. If you like a candied cantaloupe, this is your vapor. This is really cool! It's exactly what you think it should taste like and it's different. I like it a lot! I think cinnamon is a flavor that has to be balanced with a bakery or sweet flavor to make it perfect for me personally. What I'm getting from this is real cinnamon, a light throat hit (which I like) but its just not quite enough sweet or bakery in there for me. Its a little too earthy for me to give it a 9/10 but the genuine dry cinnamon flavor is all there so I mixed it 1/2 with a sweet vanilla custard and that made it heaven. I was really surprised when I tried this. It's not your average strawberry. It has all the strawberry flavor I expected but on the back end it has almost a cookie flavor sweet in it. Very cool. Nicely done PV! After waiting a bit to try the company (having read their liquid had high ratings) I was very impressed with their customer service when I did. They were out of the nic level I needed for the flavors I wanted to try so they called me right away and asked me if I wanted to change the flavor or the nicotine level of what I ordered. Their vapor is top notch, smooth throat hit and very tasty. Been vaping about a year and tried a lot of higher end vapor. I saw the high ratings on this company but waited a long time to try them. This is liquid is very good, much better than I thought it would be. It's a very clean peach with just a hint of some spice. I really like it. Believe the hype. Snake Oil is a big seller probably because it has a very pronounced flavor profile and it's complex. It's obvious to me some work went into this recipe. The touch of minty-ness is actually slight and likely perfect for people that just want a hint of mint. I'm sure it appeals to the sweetie lovers for this reason. The problem for me with this liquid is the after taste. I taste something almost floral and the watermelon flavor is not natural watermelon - it's more of a candy

claims were pressed for rust damage on any of the cargo carried in the ROSE during the voyage in question except for the Dorsid claim on the plate it received at its yard. Inasmuch as the Court has found that no rust damage has been proved, this next issue is non-determinative of the suit. However, the policy considerations raised in this regard merit some comment. The plaintiff, in addition to alleging damage caused by rust, contends that the Retla clause, quoted supra, which appears at the bottom of the bills of lading under which the Dorsid plate was shipped, is invalid under COGSA for two reasons: (1) the Retla clause tends to lessen the carrier's liability for loss or damage to goods arising from the fault of the carrier, and (2) COGSA requires that if a negotiable bill of lading is issued, the bill must state the apparent order and condition of the cargo covered by such bill. Thus, it is urged that the defendants should be estopped from showing the actual condition of the cargo at the time of loading as reflected by the notations on the tally clerk's exception *623 list and the Mate's Receipts. Plaintiff contends further that, even if the Retla clause is valid, its inclusion creates an ambiguity in the bill of lading issued by Retla, and therefore such a bill must be construed as a whole as representing that the cargo covered thereby was in apparent good order and condition when received by the carrier. It is evident that this language does not require the carrier to state the apparent order and condition of the cargo except when so demanded by the shipper. Thus, a bill which is limited or qualified in its statement as to the apparent condition of the goods is not in violation of COGSA unless a complete statement is demanded. See W. Poor, Charter Parties and Ocean Bills of Lading § 64 at 160 (5th ed. 1968). Nor can such a bill, qualified by the Retla clause and thus containing no representations with respect to rust and moisture conditions of the cargo, be made the basis of an estoppel, Tokio Marine & Fire Ins. Co. v. Retla S.S. Co., 426 F.2d 1372, 1376 (9th Cir. 1970). See also Nichols & Co. v. Steamship ISLA DE PANAY, 267 U.S. 260, 273, 45 S. Ct. 269, 69 L. Ed. 603 (1925). Plaintiff also contends that the Retla clause is invalid under 46 U.S.C. § 1303(8), which subsection renders invalid any clause or covenant "relieving the carrier . . . from liability for loss or damage . . . arising from negligence, fault, or failure" in the performance of duties imposed by COGSA. Seemingly, the plaintiff reasons that the Retla bill of lading amounts to a clean bill (with respect to rust and moisture) without the benefit of the prima facie presumption that attaches to a clean bill that the carrier received the goods in apparent good order and condition. Thus, it is argued that the carrier lessens his liability by changing the burden of proof. This contention must fail. Section 1303(8) deals only with the carrier's liability for damage caused by its own fault during carriage. It has no application to preshipment or prereceipt damage. Furthermore, section 1303(4) provides that the bill of lading is prima facie evidence of receipt of the goods as described in the bill of lading. Since the Retla bill specifically provides that no description of rust condition or moisture is included unless requested, section 1303(4) is likewise inapplicable to that extent. Of course, if a proper request were made, a substitute bill of lading would be issued setting forth any notations as to rust or moisture which appeared on the Mate's Receipts. Thus, claimant's benefits under section 1303(4) could be revived simply by request. This Retla clause, which appears in all of Retla's regular printed bills of lading, has been held valid under COGSA in a probing opinion by Judge Jameson, writing for the Court in Tokio Marine & Fire Ins. Co. v. Retla S.S. Co., 426 F.2d 1372 (9th Cir. 1970). This Court is in agreement with this decision that the Retla clause is valid and creates neither estoppel nor ambiguity. One aspect of this issue merits mention by the Court, even though it is not controlling. The testimony of Merle R. Crocker, International Banking Department of the Bank of the Southwest, Houston, and Jerry L. Holmes, vice-president and manager of International Banking Services, Republic National Bank of Dallas, reflects that a "Retla clause bill" would be, by banking and commercial practice, designated as a clean bill of lading. Thus, a letter of credit requiring by its terms a clean bill would be honored upon presentation of a *624 Retla clause bill. This practice thwarts the very safeguard that letters of credit are meant to impart; that is, the actual receipt of goods in a specified order and condition. Moreover, it is worthy of note that prevention of this undesirable result by requesting a substitute bill is perhaps a less realistic alternative than might be initially assumed. Often the cargo claimant is a consignee of cargo who is not a party at interest at the time of the original contract between the shipper and the carrier. Since the Retla clause bill of lading is advantageous to both the shipper of cargo and the carrier, there is little likelihood that such a request will be made. It is fair to state, then, that the consignee of cargo might be placed ultimately in a more difficult position through use of this type of bill of lading. However, this aspect alone does not persuade this Court that the Retla clause should be held invalid under COGSA. Instead, the guiding principles to be applied are those capsuled in Tokio Marine, discussed supra. In addition to claims made for alleged rust damage, plaintiff has alleged that 43 plates out of the total shipment of 3,099 were damaged by bending, with a resulting loss of $257.08. However, the Court finds from the evidence that plaintiff has wholly failed to sustain its burden of proof to show that this bending damage occurred while in the custody of the defendants and not during carriage by inland conveyance. There was, in fact, no evidence of where the bending occurred, and the Court cannot infer that it occurred during ocean carriage where subsequent inland carriage is also involved. On the contrary, the delivery receipts signed in many instances by an employee of plaintiff, who testified that he was present while this cargo was discharged, contain no exceptions for bent plates. This bending claim is therefore disallowed. Plaintiff also claims that it sustained a loss from shortage of eight pieces of plate under bill of lading No. 6, having value of $533.66. However, again the records prepared at shipside by the cargo tally clerks, apparently with the knowledge and under the supervision of the plaintiff's own employee, who noted no exceptions for shortages, show delivery of the full bill of lading quantity. Accordingly, the Court finds that the evidence fails to show that the alleged shortage was in existence at the time the cargo was delivered from the defendants' custody, and therefore the shortage claim is disallowed. Plaintiff also contends that it sustained damages of $1,155.46 because twenty-three pieces of plate were discharged to the dock and were not delivered to plaintiff until September 24, 1968, some two and one-half months later. Plaintiff claims that these twenty-three pieces were received in a heavily rusted condition, which depreciated their value by fifty percent. Also included in this portion of the claim were miscellaneous expenses arising from the fact that the twenty-three pieces remained on the dock for two and

A Tale of Two DC-10s How one pilot overcame a flaw in the airplane—and one did not. Samme Chittum The McDonnell Douglas DC-10 overcame its initial bad reputation and carried passengers until 2014. On June 12, 1972, American Airlines Flight 96, a DC-10, broke through a spotty cloud layer over the Canadian industrial city of Windsor, Ontario. Almost five minutes had passed since the wide-body jet had lifted off the runway at Michigan's Detroit Metropolitan–Wayne County Airport at 7:20 p.m. Captain Bryce McCormick took a moment to appreciate the 180-degree view through the curved window of the cockpit, and leaned back and took a sip of coffee. Flight 96 was on its way to La Guardia Airport in New York City that evening, with a stopover in Buffalo. That morning, McCormick had flown the first leg of the flight, out of Los Angeles, so he let First Officer Peter Paige Whitney, 34, fly the takeoff from Detroit. All the gauges on the instrument panel registered normal. The autopilot was on, but Whitney kept his hands on the yoke out of habit. Both pilots were well aware that their new DC-10 was only the fifth manufactured by McDonnell Douglas. The first had made its maiden flight in August 1970 and entered commercial service with American Airlines one year later, on August 5, 1971, on a round-trip flight between Los Angeles and Chicago. McCormick was a veteran pilot who had accumulated 24,000 hours of flying time, while Whitney had almost 8,000 hours to his credit. The airplane was carrying just 56 passengers (the wide-body had the capacity for 206), plus 11 crew members, which included eight flight attendants and the three-man cockpit crew. (At the time, the DC-10 required a flight engineer.) Along with the passengers' luggage, a casket carrying a corpse bound for Buffalo was stored in the cargo hold. McCormick checked the radar and confirmed that no bad weather lay between Detroit and Buffalo. McCormick was an exceptional pilot. His presence in the cockpit inspired confidence. "He was the epitome of the perfect captain," said Cydya Smith, the chief flight attendant on Flight 96. "He was very professional, yet he was warm and friendly and very respected, and respectful of the flight attendants." Captain Bryce McCormick (from an American Airlines newsletter) has been frequently praised for his performance during Flight 96, when the aft cargo door blew out during the flight. When the DC-10 finally landed, the crew could see the aft cargo door was gone. What remained was a jagged piece of metal curling upward. On June 12, 1972, a powerful explosion ripped through American Airlines Flight 96 (a similar aircraft). Both the "Fasten Seat Belt" and "No Smoking" signs had been turned off in the cabin. Passenger Alan Kaminsky and his friend Hyman Scheff unbuckled their seat belts and left their wives in the first class section to go play gin rummy in the forward lounge. They wanted to get in a few quick hands before the airplane touched down in Buffalo. Smith was out of her jump seat in the front of the plane before the "Fasten Seat Belt" sign blinked off. Following her usual routine, she walked to the galley and began to make coffee. "That's when it happened," she recalled. Exactly five minutes after takeoff, Smith was lifted off her feet by a powerful explosion. As the galley doors burst open, she could see entire sections of laminated ceiling panels falling into the passenger compartment, which was filling with a dense grayish-white fog. She could not hear the screams of the passengers. Instead, she felt as if she were enveloped in a gauzy silence. As both pilots were jolted violently backward, a noxious cloud of charcoal-gray dust filled the cockpit, blinding McCormick, who feared the airplane had been damaged in a midair collision. The actual cause of the unfolding calamity was something more insidious but just as devastating. A cargo door blowout in the hull had torn a gaping rectangular hole in the side of the aircraft, large enough to disgorge the six-foot-long casket, which tumbled two miles to earth, along with dozens of suitcases. Far worse, the explosive release of pressurized air had ripped out a large section of flooring in the passenger cabin directly above the gash in the hull. A hurricane-like wind was blasting through the length of the airplane. Flight attendant Beatrice Copeland had been knocked unconscious and lay trapped in the debris of the collapsed floor. Another flight attendant, Sandi McConnell, had barely escaped being sucked out of the airplane when the floor gave way beneath her; acting purely on instinct, she fought against the rushing air that threatened to pull her out into the sky. Without looking, she knew the lavatory door was directly behind her. It was her best chance for survival. Once inside, she closed and locked the metal door. She was safe for the time being, but cut off from rescue. Alan Kaminsky remembers a "huge crunch" as his playing cards flew out of his hands and up into the air. Passengers shrieked as the DC-10 lurched to the right and fell several thousand feet. The two pilots knew nothing about the gaping hole in the back of the airplane but were trying to contend with the stricken DC-10. As his vision cleared, McCormick took over the controls from his first officer. He had only seconds to regain control using a technique that had never been put to the test in an actual emergency. Earlier that year, McCormick had been chosen by American to fly one of the new McDonnell Douglas airplanes. He had not been fazed by the jet's size and engine power. What concerned him was one particular feature of the DC-10 that made it radically different from all the other big jets he had flown: its lack of a backup system to operate the airplane's flaps, elevators, and rudder by hand in case the hydraulic system failed. In this regard, the DC-10 was very different from the DC-6 and -7 and the Boeing 707 and 727—all aircraft that McCormick had flown for more than two decades. All the older aircraft were equipped with reversion systems that gave pilots manual command of control surfaces if the hydraulic systems were knocked out. What would happen, he wondered, if all of the airplane's systems were damaged? He found the answer on a DC-10 flight deck simulator at the American Airlines training school in Fort Worth, Texas. Using the computerized simulator, McCormick spent hours repeatedly testing his alarming hypothesis of total hydraulic system failure and learned how to exploit the DC-10's exceptional ability to fly on its engines without assistance from the rudder or ailerons, the surfaces that make the aircraft turn and bank. He also learned how to manipulate the engines to push the nose of the DC-10 up or down. Most jets have this ability to some degree, but McCormick discovered that the DC-10 was especially responsive. The day his worst fears were realized, McCormick knew exactly what to do: He shoved two of the idle throttles fully forward, delivering a burst of enormous power to the aircraft's wing engines, and felt them surge back to life. In response, the DC-10's nose pitched up. McCormick had reversed the DC-10's fatal descent. The returned engine power also bought him precious minutes to figure out how to steer the aircraft, which continued to yaw stubbornly to the right. He immediately flipped a switch to cut power to the fuel pump that fed the idle tail engine, taking it out of play and lightening the load on the elevators adjacent to the tail, making them slightly more responsive. Two of the four cables to the tail elevators had snapped. The ailerons were responding but sluggish. Without

takes precedence, Snow's internal conflict is made palpable, even to the Lord Commander who empathizes, "Honor made you leave. Honor brought you back." When Jon amends that it wasn't honor but his friends who brought him back round, his commander clarifies, "I didn't say it was your honor." The adventurous life of a Night's Watch Ranger which Snow fantasized about as a boy turns out to be not nearly as glorious as he envisioned it. Instead, a life spent in an isolated arctic outpost at the far end of the earth is a job no one in their right mind would volunteer for, which is why the bulk of Watch recruits are condemned men culled from the castle dungeons. "When rapers taken prisoner are given a choice between castration or the Wall, most choose castration," he's assured. "Everyone knew what this place was. My father knew and he left me to rot at the Wall all the same," Jon rages, believing they were just trying to get rid of him, the same way Sam's father gave him an ultimatum between the Watch or death and fellow recruit Grenn (Mark Stanley) was left out in the forest to die because his family couldn't feed another mouth. Like the rest of the Starks, his experiences on the Wall serve to open Snow's eyes to the sobering reality rather than the storybook knight's tale he childishly imagined the life of a Ranger would be. "Lord Snow grew up in a castle. Spitting down on the likes of you," Thorne jeers and he certainly does seem lord of the snows here, in the frigid, godforsaken wastes where the wind howls constantly and the flakes fall so thickly it's as if his world had been shaken up in a snow globe; Jon Snow in the icy North trying to stave off the coming winter. At the bottom of the rung in the Stark household, Snow rises to the top of the heap on the Night's Watch, and in the excellent Lord Snow episode, the bastard truly did begin prancing around with a petulant pout, behaving like the little Lord he was accused of being after sparring with 'peasants who have never held pikes in their lives.' His aloof, superior air bolstered by each compliment, he became convinced of his own indispensability as "the least useless person here." Never regarded among the quality before, being looked down on rather than envied and resented for who he was, this new treatment goes straight to Snow's head. His inferiority complex, reinforced by a lifelong sense of not being good enough, rapidly fades, the becoming humility that had characterized him heretofore momentarily switching over into swaggering hubris. He believes that his swordsmanship makes him superior to the other soldiers in the company. "They hate me because I'm better than they are," he rationalizes, after being attacked by his fellow recruits for showing them up on the field, "I'm a better swordsman and rider than any of you." When he subsequently crows to his uncle of his stellar achievements, declaring that he's better than every other man there, Benjen quickly corrects, "Better than no one." Though he assures Sam that there's honor in being a steward it's another story when Snow is denied his coveted assignment as a Ranger and, to teach him humility unfairly classified in the same grade himself. This son of a nobleman takes offense at being reduced to such a rank. "Must I serve the Lord Commander meals and fetch him hot water for his baths… Do you take me for a servant?… Stewards are nothing but maids," he says, revealing what he really thinks of his 'brothers.' Still believing he deserves special privilege because of who he was born, Snow finds it humiliating to be classed with boys like Pyp (Josef Altin) and weaklings like Sam who are assigned women's work because they aren't thought burly or manly enough to be Rangers. It's the unimaginably wealthy Tyrion who pops the conceited bastard's swellhead, bringing him back down to earth by informing him of the hard knock lives endured by most of the other men on the watch. He sagely counsels, "It's a lucky thing none of them were trained by a master-at-arms like your Sir Rodrick. I don't imagine any of them had ever held a real sword before they came here." Having previously felt himself so deprived and disadvantaged due to the circumstances surrounding his birth, Snow realizes how good he actually had it, what a life of comfort and ease he has known compared to the wretched existence of true unfortunates. For the first time in his life he's made to feel grateful for who he was born. As Tyrion says of himself, "If one must be born a dwarf, better to be a rich one." On the Wall soldiers get what they earn and no one is given dispensation because they were to the manor born, anymore than they are shunned for having been born out of wedlock. As he adjusts and becomes acclimatized to his new surroundings (he brings his direwolf Ghost along as mascot so the regulations must be pretty lax), Snow will learn the meaning of terms like democracy and band of brothers. The Night's Watch can already be seen having a positive, character-building influence on him. Rather than feeling as if he were competing with the other men, he takes it upon himself to help train them to be better fighters, giving them pointers and advice on how to swing their swords and handle themselves in combat, helping to whip this company of raw recruits into a well-disciplined army of fighting men. The sequences set on the Wall are much like boot camp montages in military films, mixed with elements from John Ford's cavalry trilogy. As the recruits play at being Night's Watch knights, going through their drills and runs, same as Arya does with her dancing master, they're much like toy soldiers, winding themselves up for the real thing. As his Lord Commander challenges, "I'll only ask you once, Lord Snow. Are you a brother of the Night's Watch or a bastard boy who wants to play at war?" The demonstration that he can be a team player is rewarded with the revelation that he was assigned to the Stewards with the intention of grooming him for command all along. Having proven himself made of the proper stuff for the Night's Watch by returning to his post despite the impulse to rush to the aid of his family, he's permitted to become the Ranger he's always wanted to be. "I want you and your wolf with us when we ride out beyond the Wall tomorrow. I'll not sit meekly by and wait for the snows." People's evocative description of the hard times during the last winter are so vivid that we can clearly envision what they went through and understand why they so fear it's return. When Thorne relates how his contingent was caught out in the open during an unexpected snowstorm and had to resort to cannibalism to survive, we're put in mind of such notorious historical incidents as the Donner Party and the Greely Expedition to the Arctic, so the horror of what's coming assumes even greater proportion in our minds. "The north can't be held, not by an outsider," Cersei assures her son. "And when the winter comes the seven gods could not save you and your army," anymore than dictators like Napoleon and Hitler proved capable of overcoming the bitterly cold Russian winter during their unsuccessful invasions of that country. The menacing clouds of the approaching ice storm on the horizon seem palpable, and ominous references to it possess the

the respondent and post a bond). Since the licensor is permitting the licensee and its contractors to access its property for purposes of the neighboring construction, it is prudent and reasonable for the licensor to require that the licensee agree to indemnify it for any losses, claims and damages that it sustains as a result of the construction project. In the same vein, it is also common and reasonable for the licensor to request that the licensee add it as an additional insured to the licensee's insurance. These requests comport with RPAPL §881's express mandate that "[t]he licensee shall be liable to the adjoining owner or his lessee for actual damages occurring as a result of the entry." In additional to physical property damage, such damages could potentially also include any losses sustained by the lessor's business as a result of the access. See., e.g., PB 151 Grand v. 9 Crosby, 58 Misc.3d 1219(A) (Sup. Ct., N.Y. Co., 2018) (finding that respondent's claim that it would suffer a loss of business income as a result of the license would be decided by a special referee upon the termination of the license so that the actual loss, if any, could be determined). Pre-Construction Survey. It is in both parties' interest to have a survey of the licensor's property performed prior to construction. This will help assess whether any damage occurred to the licensor's property during the term of the license or whether such damage was preexisting. The survey is typically performed and paid for by the licensee but it is prudent for the licensor to require that its consultant be present during the survey inspection and that a copy of the survey report be provided to the licensor upon completion. License Fee. Another common element of a license under RPAPL §881 is the payment of a license fee to the licensor. See Van Dorn Holdings v. 152 W. 58th Owner's Corp., 149 A.D. 3d 518, 149 A.D. 3d 518 (1st Dept. 2017) (noting that the grant of a license pursuant to RPAPL §881 often warrants the award of contemporaneous license fees). It is also one of the most hotly negotiated points. Such fees are typically paid by the licensee to the licensor on a monthly basis. The amount of the license fee depends upon the scope of the access (i.e., the greater the intrusion on the neighboring property, the greater the fee). Amounts awarded by courts in RPAPL §881 proceedings typically range in the vicinity of several thousand dollars per month depending on the nature of the intrusion. See, e.g., North 7-8 Investors v. Newgarden, 43 Misc.3d 623 (awarding $3,500 per month for erection of a cantilevered balcony that extended six feet onto respondent's property over a roof deck for one year); see, e.g., Rosma Dev. v. South, 5 Misc.2d 1014 (A) (Sup. Ct., Kings Co., 2004) (awarding $2,500 per month for each of two four-story dwellings for a total of $5,000 per month for sidewalk protection abutting ten feet of sidewalk). Though, in some instances, the scope of access could conceivably be so burdensome that even greater fees may be warranted. The purpose of the license fee is twofold. On the one hand, it compensates the licensor for its loss of use and enjoyment of its property during construction. On the other hand, it serves to motivate the licensee to complete the portion of the construction project utilizing the licensor's property quickly in order to minimize the amount of licensing fees it must pay. Often license agreements will provide that if the construction is not completed by a date-certain, then the license fee will increase. See, e.g., Columbia Grammar & Prep. Sch. v. 10 W. W. 93rd House Dev. Fund, 2015 N.Y. Slip Op. 31519(U) (Sup. Ct., N.Y. Co., 2015) (awarding a $2,500 per month license fee for 12 months with an increase to $3,500 per month if the work is not completed within one year). Providing for an increase serves as additional motivation for the licensee to complete the project quickly. Default Provisions. As with any commercial contract, the license agreement should contain a provision governing remedies if either party defaults during the performance of the license. From the licensor's perspective, it will want a provision permitting it to promptly terminate the license and bar access to the licensed area upon an uncured default. Naturally the licensee will want to draft a flexible provision that permits adequate time to cure any default and continued access while the default is being cured or the issue of the alleged default is adjudicated. Remediation. The license agreement should specify what the parties' respective rights and obligations are upon the termination of the license. Ideally, the licensed property will be left in the same condition as it was in prior to the commencement of the license. Unfortunately, this is not always the case. Sometimes the equipment installed in the licensed area will, itself, cause some damage to the licensor's property. The license agreement should address when, how and by whom the damage is repaired. Again, RPAPL §881 expressly provides that the licensee shall be strictly liable for any damage resulting by reason of the access. In sum, should access to a neighboring property become necessary for purposes of construction, the law provides a mechanism by which such access may be compelled. As the case law emphasizes, the goal under such circumstances is to narrowly tailor the access to the necessity so as to minimize the burden on the neighboring property. The neighboring property owner should not be burdened with the costs associated with the access and is often entitled to certain concessions to compensate and protect it during the license term. When negotiating a license, there are a number of issues that must be addressed by the parties, who will have differing objectives with respect to each issue. Negotiating a proper license agreement is essential to ensuring that one's objectives are achieved and interests protected. Reprinted with permission from the December 16, 2019 edition of the New York Law Journal © 2019 ALM Media Properties, LLC. All rights reserved. Further duplication without permission is prohibited. ALMReprints.com – 877-257-3382 – reprints@alm.com. Click here to view the article on New York Law Journal. Hon. Ira Warshawsky Authors, "Your Arbitration Provider Has Vanished. Now What?" It would behoove the parties that enter into contracts that include an arbitration clause to provide an alternative to their favored ADR entity. For decades, scriveners (aka transactional lawyers) have been carefully avoiding litigation by inserting arbitration clauses into their contracts. Some lawyers use generic terms in referring to an ADR provider, while others specify a provider with whom they are familiar in their community or one that they believe would be specifically knowledgeable in their area of business. There are even some providers that have become industry-specific, e.g., nursing home patient cases or employment cases. Problems arise in matters where a specific ADR provider is in the agreement and no longer exists (or has been precluded from practicing in your state) and the issue becomes whether the court will assist you in getting another ADR provider. In a recent case, the Supreme Court of the state of Missouri, sitting en banc, affirmed a Circuit Court decision that refused to compel arbitration despite the existence of an arbitration clause. The Missouri Supreme Court, in affirming the circuit court below, confirmed the court's position in refusing to compel arbitration specifically "[b]ecause the plain language of the parties' arbitration agreement shows they agreed to arbitrate before—but only before—the National Arbitration Forum ('NAF')." A-1 Premium Acceptance v. Hunter, 557 S.W.3d 923, 924 (Mo. 2018), cert. den. 139 S.Ct. 1340 (2019). In the A-1 case, the agreement between A1 (the lender) and Hunter (the borrower) read, in relevant part that: …

Two bankruptcies, but stark differences in lives afterwards between Commissioner Riley and challenger Parker (A Look at Salaries, Part 4) By admin on September 19, 2017 No Comment County Commissioner Charlie Riley and County Judge Craig Doyal have enjoyed public life together. Magnolia and Conroe, September 19 – In exploring the exorbitant salaries of the elected officials of the Montgomery County Commissioners Court – County Judge Craig Doyal and the four County Commissioners – The Golden Hammer has observed that, with a few exceptions, rather than attracting a higher caliber of candidates, Montgomery County's huge salaries seem to do the opposite. In Part I of this 4-part series on Commissioners Court salaries, this newspaper presented the facts surrounding Precinct 2 County Commissioner Charlie Riley's Chapter 7 Bankruptcy filing in 2002 in which he avoided paying all of his debts (other than taxes). In Part II, we examined Riley's failure, even to the present day, to pay a state tax lien of less than $900 that he's owed to the citizens since 2002, despite the more than $317,000 Riley and his wife Deanne receive in total compensation (salary plus benefits) each year. Riley has drawn two opponents at this time in the March 6, 2018 Republican Primary Election. One of his opponents is local businessman and longtime Republican activist Brian Dawson. The other of his opponents is former two-term Comal County Commissioner and conservative author Gregory Parker. It turns out that Parker has filed Chapter 7 Bankruptcy in his distant past. He also had some tax liens. The contrast between Parker and Riley and how they dealt with the aftermath of their bankruptcy filings is stark. One of the differences that may explain the distinction is that Parker was only 27 years old when he filed bankruptcy in 1997. Riley and his wife Deanne were in their mid-40s. Riley after Chapter 7 Bankruptcy Rather than picking himself up and pressing forward with new ideas or opportunities in business, Riley became a dependent upon the public dole for the rest of his life. Riley went to work for then Precinct 2 County Commissioner Craig Doyal. Riley still owes the State of Texas the taxes on the tax lien. Deanne Riley also has worked for Montgomery County ever since the Bankruptcy filing as well. When she lost her job in the Sheriff's Office at the end of 2016, Riley, as a County Commissioner committed the most crass form of nepotism by creating a new position for his wife in the County government and then filling the position with her. Riley uses and abuses public perks, such as a cell phone, County truck, and County government gasoline. He even stores his personal trailer for free in the Precinct 2 County barnyard, an act for which he shows defiance rather than remorse. Riley doesn't even keep the registration on his personal trailer up to date, even though he drives the trailer across Montgomery County. Riley is a ward of the Montgomery County taxpayers, often by trickery. Parker after Chapter 7 Bankruptcy Parker was 27 years old when he filed Chapter 7 Bankruptcy in 1997. He also paid off a couple of tax liens by 2009. He's 47 years old now. In all fairness to Riley, who was already in his mid-40s when he and Deanne Riley filed Chapter 7, a person likely changes a lot more from their twenties to their forties (Parker's circumstances) than from their mid-forties to their early sixties (Riley's circumstances). Rather than living entirely off the public dole, as the Rileys have chosen, Parker has enjoyed substantial private business success and has performed substantial public service along the way during the past twenty years. Parker went into the technology industry in the late 1990s, first as a programmer and then as a director of software development for different companies. He had a successfully project management company for technology projects when he decided to run for public office in Comal County (County Seat: New Braunfels, south of Austin) as a County Commissioner. Parker served two terms as a Republican County Commissioner in Comal County before he decided to run for the Texas Railroad Commission in 2012. Parker lost in the Republican Primary in the statewide riace. Parker returned to the private sector in 2013 and now handles large-scale technology projects involving multimillion dollar investments mostly within the private sector. He wrote his first book in 2010 to debunk global warming theory and just came out with a second book, Conservative Essays for the Modern Era. Parker has been involved in the motion picture business as well. He's written and directed three movie shorts, had one acting role as "Tough Guy #2" in the 2011 horror movie Purgatory, and is presently involved with Indie Crowd Funder, an equity-based crowdfunding company that supports motion picture development. After financial difficulty as a twenty-something, Parker has become a self-made man during the last two decades. Another contrast between Parker and Riley is their willingness to discuss their experiences. Riley wouldn't return multiple telephone calls. Parker discussed his fall and his comeback freely. Of his bankruptcy in 1997, Parker explained, "That was a tough time in my life. I was young with little or no formal education. It made me realize I needed to improve myself. Thereafter, I sought after knowledge and I set life goals. My story is one of adversity and pain, but also of triumph and happiness. I never claimed to be perfect, no one is perfect. However, I have learned through that experience that we all have faults and failures, yet we can all overcome those setbacks, to be good leaders. The key is to turn your personal failure into public good." Parker sought to improve his education as a first step in his comeback, as he said, "After such setbacks, I gained education, private sector technology and management experience, public sector management experience and I became an author. Setbacks should not determine who you are or what you are; Your future is determined by how you make use of the life lessons you've learned." Confronted with whether Parker, who has harshly criticized the high salaries County Commissioners receive in Montgomery County, he answer, "My life is not is the public sector, I don't believe in making such a career. Holding office should be public service. Hence, we will find imperfect people to serve. Now, while those that serve maybe imperfect, they should not be unqualified." Parker received a Bachelor's Degree and Masters in Public Policy. He's working on his dissertation in order to earn a Ph.D. in Public Policy. Dallas author and editor Eric L. Burton has known Parker since they met at a Tea Party rally in 2008. He has worked closely with Parker on political and writing projects. Burton commented, "I have worked with Greg Parker in the past and there are a few points I wanted to make you aware of that might help when it comes to context. First, Greg is not just a public servant, he also is one of the few who put on the uniform, raised his hand and took the oath to defend this country as a member of our military services. Second, Greg came from the humblest of beginnings, raised by a single mother, who also served her country in uniform, he was one of three children, all of whom are exceptional in their own right. Greg was not born with a silver spoon in his mouth, instead, his story is the definition of 'the American Dream.' He may have made some mistakes in life but he picked himself up by his boot straps and marched forward, never complaining always with a smile on his face and the attitude that failure is part of success, understanding that those who fail are also those who are doing. That is the

Welcome to Spinksville! MMOs and game design MMO Reviews July 8, 2010 by spinks [RealID around the web] The future will be written in Chicken Once in the twenty second century linguists tried to find the perfect simplification of all language. They dubbed it chicken. It has no grammar, no syntax and no ambiguities. The only word is 'chicken'. Unfortunately it is so easy to learn everybody consequently did, dooming forever human society. These linguists were never prosecuted, indeed nor could they even be identified because as aliens discovered when revisiting the planet in 16461943134916461179461626069, all language including the history books were all written in chicken. – Chicken (uncyclopaedia) "The future will be written in Chicken" is a phrase we use around the house to describe a paradigm shift so great that no one in the future will be able to understand why we did things the way we do today. And the question that a lot of people are asking about Blizzard's plans to RealID up the forums is whether this is really just about reducing trolling on a bulletin board, or whether it's the start of something more radical than that. It is already clear that they have no plans to back down, however great the current uproar. We have been planning this change for a very long time. During this time, we have thought ahead about the scope and impact of this change and predicted that many people would no longer wish to post in the forums after this change goes live. We are fine with that, because we want to change these forums dramatically in a positive and more constructive direction. Does Blizzard really care so much about the bulletin boards that they'd rather piss of the segment of the community most likely to use them than just give everyone a single forum id and call it done? Unlikely. They have further plans. This is a roundup of how other bloggers and writers around the web have been reacting. Mike Snider writes at USA Today about Blizzard's plans for further integration with Facebook. Really what you are going to do once you buy StarCraft II and you take it home and install it and log onto Battle.net for the first time, you'll be able to essentially hit a button and bring all your Facebook friends that are also on Battle.net into Battle.net and create (Real ID) relationships. (This assumes that you have some facebook 'friends' who are also interested in battle.net. If you don't fall into this group, you aren't the main focus of their future vision.) Stabs writes about why privacy matters and why the 'moral' pressure to reveal your real name is inspired by corporate greed. What concerns me is that there is clearly an attitude that is inspired by corporate greed that has become a moral theme. It's wrong to oppose RealId, some people say, you should be more honest. Got something to hide? And how about reasons why people favour internet handles, not just on gaming sites but all over the net? Tesh writes about the ideal of the internet as a raceless, classless utopia. Now, you won't hear a lot about the utopian ideals of the internet these days, but being able to log into a place where people will judge you just on what you said and did there is something that many many users prize. It strikes me that anonymity is valuable for free markets to work as well. Honest feedback is generated from simple demand and supply, where business relationships are defined by the simple feedback loop of "purchase" or "no purchase". Adam Smith's "invisible hand of the market" is concerned most with what people do, not with what they look like. Actions, not prejudice, seem to produce the most productive results in a positive feedback cycle. I'm not backwards about telling people that I'm female, but darned if I don't enjoy the sense that what I write is taken more seriously on forums where people cannot immediately tell (unless I tell them). Think that's crazy? It's actually one of the simple pleasures of being online for a large proportion of the population. It goes both ways of course. I like that people will come out and flame me if I say something stupid, instead of thinking, "She's a woman, she might get upset, go easy on her." I think being judged on your actions is a great equaliser. Sanya Weathers is more concerned about the possibilities for stalking, and the legal ramifications. My customers are not public citizens. Making them public citizens against their will is crappy. I can think of half a dozen reasons why someone should be allowed to be anonymous, and I'm not going to list them because any one of them is good enough. Want people to stop acting like asshats on the boards? Suspend in game accounts for out of game behavior. Hire more mods. Close the board. Whatever. This is just chickenshit. And another thing. We know that the Facebook generation have been told that presenting more than one identity to different people is fundamentally flawed. But I put a lot of work into blogging and posting and playing as Spinks, it's as valuable an id to me in online gaming circles as my legal name (probably more, actually). I used to have a different nickname at University as well. Just because no one outside that circle of friends ever used it doesn't mean that it was dishonest. Surely any identity that you have spent time establishing has value. Randall Farmer thinks that this is a classic identity design mistake. I'm sure they are using Facebook as an example – I often do this in my consulting practice. There is no doubt that Facebook users are better behaved in general than their YouTube counterparts, but the error Blizzard made is to assume that their player relationships are like those of Facebook. This is where the vision of the future comes in. Perhaps Blizzard intends to force their player relationships to be like those of Facebook. I don't have much time for slippery slope arguments , but just for the sake of argument, imagine this: Blizzard provides more facilities for people to use with their realID friends. More channels. Maybe a shared bank or the ability to auction things to just your realID list. Perhaps they even go as far as a random dungeon finder that only your realID friends can use. The game culture becomes less of a public space where you expect to hang out with thousands of random people but a private space just for you and your realID friends where you never need to mix with anyone else. For sure, you'd need a LOT of realID friends to make that work, but they could encourage and reward building larger circles of friends (just like Facebook/ Farmville). And suddenly, anyone who isn't in the loop is disadvantaged. And no one will complain, because the history books of the future will be written in Chicken. Posted in general mmo | Tagged facebook, identity, privacy, real name, realid, stalking, the future will be written in chicken, usa today, utopia | 46 Comments Follow @copperbird Follow me in google+ What we're playing Road to Amber MUSH World of Warcraft: Mists of Pandaria WoW Legion: Content… on 5 differences between an expan… Syl (@Gypsy_Syl) on [Bloggy Xmas] [Gaming Communit… Killed in a Smiling… on [Dragon Age] Getting ready for… everblue650 on [Bits and Pieces] Dragon Age C… Redbeard on [Bits and Pieces] Dragon Age C… [Bloggy Xmas] [Gaming Communities] But above all, be kind! [WoW] Farewell to Pandaria [Bits and Pieces] Dragon Age Choose-Your-Path Text Game, Gamergate circles the drain, Blizzard take on TF2 with terrible cockney accent New expansions, MMOs as life simulations, and why only idiots whine about "welfare epics" [Dragon Age] Getting ready for DAI: Dragon Age Keep Berath's Brain Burps Boathammer: Age of Bloggening Hypercriticism Jester's Trek Killed in a Smiling Accident Level

WIPO Arbitration and Mediation Center ADMINISTRATIVE PANEL DECISION Visual Defence Inc. v. Barry Tal Case No. D2014-0099 The Complainant is Visual Defence Inc. of Ontario, Canada, represented internally. The Respondent is Barry Tal of New York, United States of America. 2. The Domain Names and Registrar The disputed domain names <visualdefence.net> and <visualdefence.org> are registered with Register.com (the "Registrar"). 3. Procedural History The Complaint was filed with the WIPO Arbitration and Mediation Center (the "Center") on January 23, 2014. On January 24, 2014, the Center transmitted by email to the Registrar a request for registrar verification in connection with the disputed domain names. On January 24, 2014, the Registrar transmitted by email to the Center its verification response confirming that the Respondent is listed as the registrant and providing the contact details. The Center verified that the Complaint satisfied the formal requirements of the Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy (the "Policy" or "UDRP"), the Rules for Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy (the "Rules"), and the WIPO Supplemental Rules for Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy (the "Supplemental Rules"). In accordance with the Rules, paragraphs 2(a) and 4(a), the Center formally notified the Respondent of the Complaint, and the proceedings commenced on January 29, 2014. In accordance with the Rules, paragraph 5(a), the due date for Response was February 18, 2014. The Respondent did not submit any response. Accordingly, the Center notified the Respondent's default on February 19, 2014. The Center appointed Andrew D. S. Lothian as the sole panelist in this matter on February 28, 2014. The Panel finds that it was properly constituted. The Panel has submitted the Statement of Acceptance and Declaration of Impartiality and Independence, as required by the Center to ensure compliance with the Rules, paragraph 7. 4. Factual Background The Complainant is a Canadian corporation which supplies inter alia digital security systems. The Complainant has carried on business in the security services industry under the VISUAL DEFENCE mark since 2005. The Complainant's clients include national government departments, multinational corporations, universities, municipal transport authorities and international airports. The Complainant was previously listed on the London Alternative Investment Market in 2005. The Complainant has featured prominently in media reports in national newspapers and business publications since 2005 concerning inter alia contracts which it has secured and innovations which it has made in the field of security surveillance. The Complainant is the owner of various patent and trade mark rights in Canada and the United States of America in respect of its security products. The Complainant is a member of a trade association named ONVIF which seeks to standardize IP-based physical security globally. The disputed domain names were both created on March 26, 2013. Little is known of the Respondent, who has given the name "Barry Tal" as the registrant of both disputed domain names. This is the same name as the Complainant's founder and Chief Executive Officer. Each of the websites associated with the disputed domain names points to pornographic content. 5. Parties' Contentions The Complainant contends that the disputed domain names are confusingly similar to a common law trade mark in which the Complainant owns rights; that the Respondent has no rights or legitimate interests in the disputed domain names; and that the disputed domain names were registered and are being used in bad faith. The Complainant asserts that the mark VISUAL DEFENCE is closely associated with the Complainant in the international security services industry and produces evidence of the media recognition of such mark. The Complainant notes that but for the different generic Top-Level Domain (gTLD), each of the disputed domain names would be identical to the Complainant's trade mark and its website address "www.visualdefence.com". The Complainant submits that there is no evidence that the Respondent has or is planning to use "Visual Defence" in connection with a bona fide offering of goods and services and points out that both disputed domain names point to pornographic websites. The Complainant states that the Respondent's self-identification during registration of the disputed domain names as "Barry Tal" suggests that the Respondent's intended use of the disputed domain name was to tarnish the Complainant's mark. The Complainant contends that numerous panels have held that pornographic content on a website under a disputed domain name suggests tarnishment of a complainant's mark and is evidence in itself of bad faith. The Complainant adds that the clear distinction between the content on the Complainant's website and the pornographic content on the disputed domain names is not a defence as the essence of bad faith in such cases lies in the capacity of the confusingly similar domain name to tarnish the relevant mark (citing CHRISTIAN DIOR COUTURE v. Paul Farley, WIPO Case No. D2008-0008). The Respondent did not reply to the Complainant's contentions. 6. Discussion and Findings To succeed, the Complainant must demonstrate that all of the elements listed in paragraph 4(a) of the Policy have been satisfied: (i) the disputed domain names are identical or confusingly similar to a trade mark or service mark in which the Complainant has rights; (ii) the Respondent has no rights or legitimate interests in respect of the disputed domain names; and (iii) the disputed domain names have been registered and are being used in bad faith. A. Identical or Confusingly Similar There are two parts to the inquiry under the first element of the Policy. The Complainant must first demonstrate that it has rights in a trade mark and secondly that the disputed domain name is identical or confusingly similar to such trade mark. The Complainant has asserted that it has rights in the common law trade mark VISUAL DEFENCE. On this question, the Panel turns to paragraph 1.7 of the WIPO Overview of WIPO Panel Views on Selected UDRP Questions, Second Edition ("WIPO Overview 2.0") entitled "What needs to be shown for the complainant to successfully assert common law or unregistered trade mark rights?", which provides the following consensus view: "The complainant must show that the name has become a distinctive identifier associated with the complainant or its goods or services. Relevant evidence of such "secondary meaning" includes length and amount of sales under the trade mark, the nature and extent of advertising, consumer surveys and media recognition. The fact that the secondary meaning may only exist in a small geographical area does not limit the complainant's rights in a common law trade mark. For a number of reasons, including the nature of the Internet, the availability of trade mark-like protection under passing-off laws, and considerations of parity, unregistered rights can arise for the purposes of the UDRP even when the complainant is based in a civil law jurisdiction. However, a conclusory allegation of common law or unregistered rights (even if undisputed) would not normally suffice; specific assertions of relevant use of the claimed mark supported by evidence as appropriate would be required. Some panels have also noted that in cases involving claimed common law or unregistered trade marks that are comprised of descriptive or dictionary words, and therefore not inherently distinctive, there may be a greater onus on the complainant to present compelling evidence of secondary meaning or distinctiveness. Some panels have noted that the more obvious the viability of a complainant's claim to common law or unregistered trade mark rights, the less onus there tends to be on that complainant to present the panel with extensive supporting evidence. However, unless such status is objectively clear, panels will be unlikely to take bald claims of trade mark fame for granted." The Panel respectfully adopts the consensus view. In the present case, the Panel is satisfied that the Complainant has produced sufficient evidence in the form of recognition in national newspapers, business publications, commercial news services and trade press to demonstrate that the mark VISUAL DEFENCE has become a distinctive identifier associated with the Complainant. Furthermore, the Complainant has shown that it has carried on

covers my eyes with silence. I saw. Our ruined homes were a move of the world, of the memory, of the memory. ## THOUGHTS ON THE WEATHER I know that my voice is influenced by atmospheric conditions, that my cry depends on the territory of the great invaders. I know that in my back pocket I keep a newspaper clipping— the weather forecast in the belief that the rainbow will show again like a crown of thorns above the uninhabited hill. I know that compassion peels away like the bark of a tree from which ancient tribes once built their boats. Calmness is a belt that holds history upright. One should sit down for a moment and see the sky in an open tin can on the shore. ## EVERYTHING IS A CARESS The snow was folding its wings over the hills, I was laying my palms over your body like a tape measure which unfolds only along the length of other things. The universe existed so that we'd be born in different places, so that our homeland could be the rainbow that joins two gardens which don't know of one another. And so time went on: we were raising the fear within us, while awe was being born in others. Our shadows were sinking in poisoned wells, spoken words were disappearing and reappearing like shards of glass on a sandy beach— sharp and shattered. ## WHAT IS TO BE DONE? To live without reason or necessity, to embrace the offenders liberated from love, to lift the candle from ruined graves and say a word or two when there's no wind, to open the rusty door of the world and depart with airy footsteps. To recover from time's dividers thrust into our own hearts. 1. 2. ## USUAL SUMMER NIGHTFALL 1. This is what summer nightfall is like: the adulteress comes onto the balcony in a silk nightgown that lets through the trembling of the stars, a twig drops from the beak of a bird that falls asleep before it has built its home, a soldier lowers the flag of the state with a letter from his mother in his pocket and atomic tests in the womb of the earth secretly revive the dead. At that moment someone quietly interprets Byzantine neumes, someone else falsifies the exoduses of the Balkan and the civil wars in the name of universal truths. In the factory yards the statues of participants in annulled revolutions sleep, on the symmetrical graves plastic flowers lose their color and ordinary ones their shape, but this peace of the dead we have parted from is not ours. 2. In the village with three lit windows a fortune-teller foresees only recoveries, and not illnesses. The waves throw up bottles enough to hold the whole sea, the arrow on the one-way road sign points to God, a fisherman rips off a bit of the sky as he casts his baited line into the river, some poor child searches for the Little Bear and the planet he'd like to come from, in front of the doorstep of the killer with an alibi a feather attempts to fly. This is what usual summer nightfall is like. The town combusts in the redness of the moon and the fire brigade ladders seem to lead to heaven, even then when everyone is climbing down them. Basic elements of Eastern systems of musical notation prior to the invention of five-line staff notation. ## NEW LANDS One should scrape the wall over which dampness has drawn a map of the new world and new separations should be applied. Beneath them, the stones should be rearranged haphazardly, like the footprints of a man running from his fears. One should be a round mirror in a half-open palm and reflect others' embraces as sharp as scissor blades which touch each other only when there's something to be cut. New lands should be invented, so one can walk on water once again. ## TOWNS THAT DON'T BELONG TO US In strange towns our thoughts wander calmly like graves of forgotten circus artists, dogs bark at dustbins and snowflakes falling in them. In strange towns we are unnoticed like a crystal angel locked in an airless glass case, like a second earthquake that merely rearranges what is already ruined. ## FROM EVERY SCAR ON MY BODY I am a beggar who lacks the courage to beg charity from himself. Lines and wounds from all the unfulfilled caresses intersect on my palms, from all the unmeasured temperatures on my brow and the illicit excavations of love. From every scar on my body a truth emerges. I grow and I diminish together with the day, running fearlessly towards the depths of origin, and everything around me is in motion: the stone becomes a house; the rock, a grain of sand. When I stop breathing my heart beats louder still. ## BEFORE WE WERE BORN The streets were asphalted before we were born and all the constellations were already formed. The leaves were rotting on the edge of the pavement, the silver was tarnishing on the workers' skin, someone's bones were growing through the length of the sleep. Europe was uniting before we were born and a woman's hair was spreading calmly over the surface of the sea. ## ERAS OF LONGING I stand concealed like a gull waiting for a fish to fly. Passengers with the same oaths and expectations come and go on the harbor wall, the years slide slowly over the sails like rainwater on a badly leveled path. The eras of longing end up beyond the horizon, in the village on the shore where at night an old woman hides her coins in a kerchief that once covered her hair. ## TWO MOONS A woman looked at her reflection in the town's translucent fences. Two moons settled in her eyes while her gaze brought together the ends of worlds already explored. Above her the shadows wove moss on the rooftops, below her endemic species were dying of loneliness. From the hollow between her hip and her rib cage light streamed out each night. ## LIGHT AND DUST In the space between the four seasons I'll find you, when children are taken out for a walk, and souls come back like dirty dishes in a workers' canteen. We are not a religion and nobody believes in our holy scriptures. Our looks hide in the curtains' folds which let other people's prayers through and the falling light. Will our angels touch when we hug each other in the dark, will someone light a candle to proclaim a kingdom? We are the light of a burnt match which turns to dust when touched. ## RETURNING I open the door fearfully to draw a border on the carpet with the sun rays. I feel like saying something but the echo of the unfurnished room is faster than me. The sweat on the doorknob is not mine nor do the lichens on my neck belong to this world. I realized myself in several layers of memories, my soul is a womb palimpsest of a distant mother. Hence the afterthought of returning and the soft creak of the hinges. I would expand the space with a step to multiply the grains of dust and the hairs that fall down, always white because of the light. ## OUTSIDE OF TIME In the clear expanse of the sky we wait to see the contours of our souls' negatives. We are far away from time. Look, the buildings are already asleep on the dried-up seeds of annual plants, the kites rest their tails on the roofs of our houses, then depart. We have been living for years within circled dates, via agendas of cold joys. Our ancestors have long been statues bending their heads towards the shoulder of each passer-by, but we are outside of time. We take eternity and give it back, take it and give it back . .

had an affair – he was only scoring political points with his party and playing to the Christian values of his conservative base. Meanwhile, Gingrich showed utter disdain for those same values and his own gullible voters by cheating on both his first and second wife, one during the impeachment period. This is how successful the Republican noise machine is – everyone connects Clinton to extra marital affairs, but no one thinks of adultery when they hear Gingrich's name. Several conservative attack dogs have renounced their own party to expose such deceit, like David Brock, who founded the media watchdog group Media Matters, and former Congressman Mike Lofgren. The idea that Hillary is crooked – or at least more so than other politicians – is a myth repeated so many times, it clearly no longer matters if it's true. This effect is known as the "illusion of truth" – when you hear certain information so many times, you believe it, regardless of its accuracy. Political lies stay with us not because of their authenticity, but because manipulative campaign strategists understand psychology. The majority of the time, this information works against our best interest. For instance, if you believe Democrats tax and spend more, then congratulations – you've been manipulated. This is little more than another campaign strategy used to mislead voters. Consider the reality: Almost every Democrat since World War II has decreased the debt, whereas all the Republicans since Richard Nixon have increased the debt. Furthermore, if you think Democrats increase the size of government, while Republicans reduce it, then congratulations – you've been manipulated yet again. The reality is that Reagan and Bush Jr. are the worst offenders and increased both spending and size of government the most. The notion that Reagan cut the size of government was propaganda used to mislead the nation – and it worked. The singular reason we have so much debt today is because of Reagan. And then because of Bush's wars fought on credit. Need further proof Republicans waste more of your tax dollars? How about the Star Wars Missile Defense System no one ever talks about: After two decades and $100 billion of taxpayer money, it still cannot stop a single damn missile. The only thing accomplished was to transfer money from the government to defense contractors, many of whom work in government (I'm talking to you, Dick Cheney). So why do our Republican representatives bash Planned Parenthood's meager $540 million and PBS's paltry $445 million budgets, while $12 billion in public funds were given to big business to subsidize over 50 new sports stadiums between 2001 and 2010 alone? Furthermore, how can Fox News find the one individual who bought lobster with welfare money, yet ignore the $90 billion earmarked for a Navy submarine fleet, or the $400 billion spent developing the F-35 Joint Strike Fighter, whose cost doesn't even include building and maintaining them. (Oh, and by the way, they can't even fly in bad weather, or at night, and none have yet been used in combat.) If you voted for Trump because he pledged to lower taxes on the wealthy in order to create jobs and return industry to Middle America, then congratulations again – you've been manipulated. The OECD, the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, disproves the myth of trickle-down economics, also known as Reaganomics. Cutting taxes on the wealthy has not fostered economic growth as promised, but stymied economic growth significantly, and only made the rich richer. Reaganomics is now widely recognized for increasing levels of inequality, stagnating wages, and hollowing out decent, middle-income jobs, as reported by the Center for American Progress. Sadly, the American Dream died circa 1980, but we are still so deluded, we praise the very puppet who killed it. That is the power of propaganda and manipulation. Why do we celebrate Reagan when his policies helped make American wages as a percentage of GDP an all-time low, yet corporate profits as a percentage of GDP an all-time high? Trickle-down economics did nothing but transfer all economic gains to the 1% and business class at the expense of the Middle Class. The sooner we acknowledge this, the sooner we can address our country's economic woes. Can Donald Trump fix this? No, because he does not understand this, acknowledge this, nor care. He is the 1% we transfer our economic gains to. Let me be clear: BOTH the Democrats and the Republicans have failed us immensely. However, they do not share equal responsibility. The majority of the blame, if not all of the blame, lies with Republicans' pro-big-business, conservative economic agenda. (You can check out my extensively detailed, referenced, and data-driven 40,000-word blog series on inequality and the dwindling middle class to understand the specifics. I spent twice as much time on this as my college thesis, so please, give it a read.) America is right to be angry at decreasing wages, diminishing opportunity, a do-nothing Congress, a dying heartland, out-of-touch politicians, and the corporate takeover of our country. We are all angry. But we do not all understand whom to be angry with. Instead of directing our ire at the real culprits, Donald Trump fueled the flames until a fire of racism and resentment spun out of control and consumed the election cycle. Our seeds of dissent have been sowed to manipulate us instead of helping us. This same situation happened in the UK. Brexit was the result of the 1% riling up the poor white poverty class to hate immigrants and minorities, and funnel that hatred into voting them out of the EU, which worked against their own self-interest. Our politicians are responsible for our economic decline – but let's put the blame where it belongs. 1. The reason our income taxes are so high is because the 1% pay so little. The majority of the 1% who do not work or earn a paycheck live off of capital gains and dividends. Before Reagan took office, this type of money – the kind you do not work for (i.e., trust funds) – was taxed at 70%. The logic was: the harder you work for your money, the less it should be taxed. In other words, if you didn't do anything to earn the money, you should pay more for it. When Reagan and other Republican presidents slashed this rate down to 15%, our nation's debt was created, and we have never recovered. It is because the leisure class pays such low tax rates that those who pay income taxes from actual jobs are overburdened. And now, this leisure class, or 1%, enabled by Republicans, and Democrats to a lesser degree, have reengineered our political system to work only for them. The election of Trump put the very beneficiary of such corruption into the highest position. Wait till he makes even more money from his executive privilege. 2. The reason so much of the country is out of work is because of the free trade policies that allowed American businesses to outsource, downsize, and offshore. Pleasing Wall Street became a bigger priority than employing local communities and keeping Americans employed. To put it simply, the 1%'s pockets are more important than American jobs. This includes Trump's pockets, as he profits from foreign labor, himself. 3. The more mergers and acquisitions, the fewer jobs, and less competition. The U.S. has now deregulated so many industries, and stopped enforcing anti-trust laws, that we now allow monopolies, oligopolies, and conglomerates that were once illegal. We removed countless regulations that our forefathers put in place to prevent another Great Depression, like Glass Steagall, and as a result, we got the Great Recession. The idea that business can regulate itself is farcical. Greed must be regulated. This is the root cause of our healthcare problems, the skyrocketing of pharmaceutical prices, and our credit

The charges against Daiwa include conspiracy, mail and wire fraud, obstructing an examination of a financial institution, falsification of bank records and the failure to disclose Federal crimes. The former general manager at the Daiwa branch, Masahiro Tsuda, was also indicted on charges of conspiring to deceive regulators. Mr. Tsuda's lawyer, Stanley Arkin, said yesterday that his client, who had only become general manager in July, was innocent. Mr. Tsuda resigned from the bank last month. Daiwa, based in Osaka, said in a statement yesterday in New York that it intended to defend itself against the Federal charges. Takashi Kaiho, the recently appointed president of Daiwa, said the bank was motivated by its desire "to investigate thoroughly the unauthorized activities by which it was victimized, to take all necessary action to protect our customers, and to act in a way that was not harmful to the international banking system." Mr. Iguchi, the Daiwa trader, pleaded guilty last month to bank fraud and is cooperating with the United States investigation. At his hearing, Federal prosecutors said for the first time they believed that Daiwa executives had participated in a cover-up of the losses for two months. The indictment against Daiwa sets out new information detailing a more extensive and intricate deception at the bank, involving misrepresentations made to bank regulators and examiners for several years. In early August, the indictment said, as top management became involved in the cover-up, the bank even considered concealing the whole trading loss at a company in the Cayman Islands. That plan, though, was "ultimately rejected by Daiwa's senior management as not feasible," the indictment said. Daiwa had used that technique before, the indictment asserted, when in about 1987 the bank "successfully concealed a multimillion-dollar trading loss at Daiwa Bank Trust through a Cayman Islands entity." The Daiwa Bank Trust Company is a Daiwa subsidiary in the United States. Mr. Iguchi first confessed his losses in an extensive letter sent to Daiwa's president in mid-July. But yesterday's indictment detailed as many as five letters that Mr. Iguchi wrote to his superiors as they pondered what to do about his horrendous losses. It also outlined Mr. Iguchi's associations with his bosses as they discussed the losses, including meetings held in late July at the Park Lane Hotel in Manhattan. As she announced the indictments at the Federal courthouse in Foley Square, Mary Jo White, the United States Attorney for Manhattan, said that "The message to the financial community from today's indictment should be clear and unambiguous: Law enforcement will not tolerate financial institutions who unlawfully attempt to mislead regulatory authorities and cover up criminal conduct by their employees." The order to shut down the operations was issued by the Federal Reserve Board, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, the New York State Banking Department and regulators in California, Illinois, Massachusetts, Florida and Georgia, states where Daiwa has operations. Even though operations here are closed, Daiwa can still trade with American firms from Japan. The tough action against Daiwa comes as Japanese financial institutions are under considerable pressure because of billions of dollars of nonperforming loans, a slow economy and sagging confidence. It is now several weeks since the news of Daiwa's trading losses became public and markets have already adjusted to them. The Standard & Poor's Corporation, the rating agency, for example, said the actions yesterday would not immediately affect Daiwa's credit rating because the agency had already downgraded Daiwa two notches from A- to BBB. "The action taken by U.S. regulators goes a bit further and will have a more serious effect on the bank's activities than we expected," said Ernie Napier, an S.& P. analyst. "It's a major setback, but it's one they can cope with," he added, noting that overseas operations represent only 10 percent of Daiwa's profit. But Mr. Napier expressed concern that the bank's business in Japan could be hurt by the defection of Japanese clients who want a more international bank, or at least one with full access to markets in the United States. Mr. Napier said that even if Daiwa was hit with a large fine, the penalties should not have a ripple effect on the troubled Japanese banking system. The charge that the bank deliberately evaded regulators has had a damaging effect on confidence in Federal regulation, some experts said. Daiwa's conduct "is very disruptive because it has undermined the examination process," said Michael Bradfield, a former general counsel to the Federal Reserve and a partner at Jones, Day, Reavis & Pogue. Deliberately concealing information, as prosecutors contend Daiwa Bank did in the last several years, is inconsistent with the entire theory and practice of examinations, Mr. Bradfield said. "The whole system of bank regulation works on the basis of full availability of records to examiners and a willingness to cooperate with supervisors when they discover problems," he said. Mr. Bradfield said that harsh action against Daiwa was justified. But the stiff potential penalties could leave the Government open to criticism that it has employed a far harsher standard for a foreign bank than has been applied in cases involving American brokerage firms. For example, prosecutors elected to bring no criminal charges against Salomon Brothers Inc. for having illegally obtained millions of dollars through fraudulent bids in the Treasury markets in 1991. No charges have yet been brought in a case involving a trader at Kidder, Peabody & Company, who was accused by the firm of engaging in a series of bogus trades strikingly similar to those at Daiwa. And last year, Ms. White, the Federal prosecutor, chose not to indict Prudential Securities for taking more than $1 billion from 100,000 investors through the fraudulent sale of risky limited partnerships. Indeed, while the Government said in court filings that Prudential executives knowingly committed the fraud, no individual has ever been charged with a crime. Some prosecutors yesterday drew parallels with previous Federal regulatory action against the Bank of Credit and Commerce International. B.C.C.I. was the rogue bank based in Luxembourg and with headquarters in London that was closed by regulators around the world in July 1991 after it had become extensively involved in money laundering, falsifying accounts and many other infractions. But B.C.C.I., unlike Daiwa Bank, was never formally admitted into the United States, or allowed to operate branches in this country. It did, though, secretly and illegally buy banks and other financial institutions in the United States. Just what regulators in the United States knew about Daiwa's New York branch, and when they knew it, is still a murky issue. According to several former Federal Reserve officials, there was considerable concern about Daiwa's sloppy controls and trading practices as long ago as 1993. But it seems Fed regulators took Daiwa's assurances that the bank would redress the shortcomings they had identified. Congress is now preparing to hold hearings on Daiwa, the trading debacle at its New York office and regulatory oversight of the bank. Senator Alfonse M. D'Amato, the New York Republican who heads the Senate Banking Committee, said in an interview yesterday that the actions against Daiwa were "an appropriate response to illegal activities." Senator D'Amato said that his committee's hearing would look into what procedures might minimize the chance of a recurrence of the Daiwa scandal. He said his purpose was "not to admonish the regulators, but to ascertain from them what they are doing" and "to ask them to explain what did happen." Prosecutors have accused Daiwa Bank and several top executives of conspiring for months to cover up $1.1 billion in losses incurred by a trader, Toshihide Iguchi, through unauthorized bond trading. In addition to the confession letter from Mr. Iguchi that set off the whole chain of events, prosecutors say Mr. Iguchi wrote at least four more that figure in the cover-up. Addressed to Daiwa's then-president, Akira Fujita;

energise you. They put you in a "flow state". Values, such as Intimacy, Sharing/Listening/Trust and Skilful Leisure, are in the energy giving category. Energy Draining—Typically, these are the values which drain your energy. Values such as Care/Nurture, Endurance/Patience and Duty, when they are your main focus, are likely to drain your energy as they can keep you from paying sufficient attention to your energy giving values. Energy Neutral —Typically, these are values which have little impact on your energy levels. In most situations, living these values requires little mental attention/energy to remain focused on 'the task in hand'. Values such as Work, Organized Play, and Communication/Information fall into this category. Once a person's value priorities are known, a graph can be produced, see below, which identifies the relative percentage of mental energy the person is devoting to these three value categories. If the graph shows that the person scored significantly higher on energy draining values than energy giving values, this likely indicates a stressful lifestyle. In which case, the person may want to review the way they are currently approaching life so as to spend more time engaged in activities that will give their energy levels a boost. Energy Profile One very effective way of living a more energising lifestyle, is to spend at least two hours per week engaging in creative mode activities. Keywords: creative mode, EMV, energy management What is a World-View? A World-view is your personal model of the world. It comprises your beliefs, your knowledge, and your assumptions about the world. As your world-view changes, you see the world differently, and therefore your responses to situations and circumstances also alter. "I have met the jailer and he is I. We are all trapped by our own world-view." Paul Chippendale Keywords: choices, decisions, world-view How Do I Run a "Future Search/Creation Conference" The world is moving from experts solving problems FOR people toward, everybody, experts included, improving whole systems. Marvin Weisbord In his book, Discovering Common Ground, Marvin Weisbord described himself as an entrepreneur and author. From 1969 to 1991, he worked as a consultant to business, education, government, medical, non-profit and voluntary organisations in North America and Scandinavia. In 1991 he started Workplace Revolution, a non-profit programme to help people apply the consensus-building ideas embodied in Discovering Common Ground. Other enterprises in which he was involved included: being a partner in Block Petrella Weisbord, a firm established to help people restructure their work; and a partner of Blue Sky Productions, a video company documenting innovations in self-management around the world. Weisbord (1991, p. xiii) describes his personal mission in life as: ...I have a personal mission. There is a growing world-wide interest in improving the quality of life, at home and at work. I believe that represents common ground for every person living. I would like [Discovering Common Ground] to serve as a catalyst for an informal global support network of people exploring and extending the use of [Future Creation Conferences]. We have a unique opportunity to learn from each other and to amplify one another's processes. ...I hope to encourage concerned leaders everywhere to experiment with [the Future Creation Conference] format. I believe that this mode constitutes a learning laboratory for 21st Century strategic management. The Minessence Group views itself as part of the envisaged informal global support network - his personal mission is completely congruent with our own vision, i.e. "To create a world where life is meaningful." Basic Structure of the Future Creation Conference Future creation conferences are based on learning, not teaching. In these conferences, learning is not something participants must "learn" how to do. "They already know how. They just don't know that they know" (Weisbord 1992, p. 7). For many, future creation conferences are unlike anything they have ever experienced due to three intertwined threads: A much broader cross-section of "stake-holders", than is usual, are invited - a widely diverse group of people who affect each other but who rarely or never meet. The participants self-manage tasks of discovery, dialogue, learning and planning. Participants explore together the WHOLE system - its history, ideals, constraints, opportunities, global trends, within and without, rather than just the parts that are closest to home and soaking up the most energy. The most radical aspect of future creation conferences is how conflict is managed (Weisbord 1992, p. 7): [During the future creation conference] we will nearly always find unresolved conflicts and disagreements. We discourage conferees from "working" their differences. Instead, we create a figure/ground reversal. We put the dysfunctional "shadow" dynamics in the background. People don't magically get better than they were. Rather, they tune in on different aspects of themselves - the more constructive and cooperative impulses.Indeed, we neither avoid nor confront the extremes. Rather, we put our energy into staking out the widest common ground all can stand on without forcing or comprising. Then, from that solid base, we spontaneously invent new forms of action, using processes devised for that purpose.In short, we seek to hear and appreciate differences, not reconcile them. We seek to validate polarities, not reduce the distance between them. We learn to innovate and act from a mutual base of discovered ideals, world-views, and future goals. Above all, we stick to business. We make the conference's central task our guiding star. Learn Through Doing: Transform Your Organisation into a Learning Organisation The best way to learn about future creation conferences is to run one. So here are some guidelines for putting one together. The suggested format is one developed by William Smith (1992, pp. 171-186). Smith's model is specifically designed to promote a horizontal flow of power in organisations in place of the usual vertical flow of power. Having a horizontal flow of power, rather than a vertical flow, is an essential requirement of the culture of any organisation desiring to be an effective learning organisation. The diagram below (Smith 1992, p. 176), depicts the vertical flow of power prevalent in most organisations: One typically finds the following divisions of power in large corporations: At the top, the "institutional" level, the appreciated environment is dealt with. They ensure survivability of the organisation through linking to the needs values by society. Their main output is policy. At the "managerial" level, the most influential strategy for the implementation of the policy is chosen. The main outputs are strategy and structure. At the "technical" level - traditionally the level considered to be the most concerned with control - attempts are made to reduce uncertainty through producing concrete plans, rules and regulations. Smith's future creation conference model is designed to overcome these power differences, and provide each level a chance to influence decision-makers. His model accomplishes this by introducing a horizontal flow of power across the organisation to counterbalance the vertical flow (see the following diagram): This future creation conference model is designed to take place over three days: Day 1 is devoted to understanding realities and possibilities (appreciative learning). Intended participants asked to gather and research any information they may feel relevant to the main topic prior to the first day. They would also be encouraged to pass this gathered material on to other participants in whatever way they believe will have the most success in transferring the insights they've gained to others. This transference (appreciative learning) continues until the completion of Day 1. By the end of Day 1, common ground is identified. Day 2 is devoted to selecting and debating priorities. Day 3, guided by the chosen priorities, sets out an action plan to ensure the priorities are addressed in an agreed time line. Action Learning Projects are set up to turn the plans into action. The diagram that follows, depicts the creation conference design described above: Concluding Comments We, at the Minessence Group, are keen to link with others in transforming the world into one where the well-being of as many people as possible is enhanced. The mechanistic model of the universe, developed

2017 Football Photos New York State Class D Quarterfinals: #7 Moriah Vikings Vs #2 Cambridge Indians Moriah's Jerin Sargent (2) cuts by the defender on the punt retuen for the big gain. It would be the #Moriah Vikings hosting the #2 Cambridge Indians in the Quarterfinals of the New York State Class D Tournament. The Indians would get the scoring started early on a 54 yard run by English 37 seconds into the game for the 6-0 lead. The game would remain there til 1:24 of the second quarter when Vikings Matt Pelkey would tie the game up at 6 on a one yard run. The Indiand would regain the 12-6 lead on a 7 yard run by Dean at 6:31. Then in the closing minute of the half the Vikings would score on a 1 yard run by Dewey Snyder to take the 14-12 lead to intermission. When the teams came back for the second half the Indians would regain the lead at 18-14 on a 1 yard run from Dean at 6:08. Although the Vikings would not be denied as they would retake the 20-18 lead on a 46 yard touchdown pass to Dewey Snyder. Although from there on it would be the Indiand game as they would score 36 unanswered points helped by four Vikings turnovers. As the Indians would defeat the Vikings 54-20 and bring an end to the Moriah Vikings season at 9-2. Gallery Moriah's Dewey Snyder (24) with the catch along the sidelines for the big gain and the first down. Gallery New York State Class B First Round: Peru Indians Vs Gouvenour Wildcats Peru's Carson Cunningham (6) with the leaping catch across the middle for the first down. The Wildcats would open up the scoring on a long run to make it 8-0 2:07 into the first quarter. The Indians would come right back on a 60 yard run by Kasen Brennan 36 seconds later to make the score 8-6. The Wildcats would score on there first play of the next drive to to extend there lead to 16-6. Then just 30 seconds later the wildcats would score again to extend there lead to 22-6. The Indians would cut into the deficit on a 59 yard pass to Robert Reynolds at 3:35 to make it 22-12. The game would stay there til the 5:32 mark of the 2nd quarter when Austin Carpenter would score on a 6 yard pass to make it 22-18. Although the Wildcats would march right down the field and score on a 15 yard touchdown pass at 9:28 to make it 28-18. Although the Indians would come back and make it 28-25 with 1 second left in the half on a 8 yard pass to Carson Cunningham to make it 28-25 t the half. Although when the team teams returned for the second the Wildcat offense would prove to be to much for the Indians as they would out score them 27-6 as the Indians would fall 57-31. With the lose the Indians season would come to an end at end 3-7. Gallery Peru's Robert Reynolds (2) with the catch in the numbers along the sideline that he would take to the endzone for the score. Gallery New York State Class D First Round: #10 Moriah Vikings Vs Tupper Lake Lumberjacks Moriah's (4) fights through the tackle of the lineman and gets the first down in the redzone. It would be the 1st Round of the New York State Class D Tournament and it would feature the #10 Moriah Vikings against the Tupper Lake Lumberjacks. This would be a game that would be in doubt from the opening kickoff as Moriah would have a 37-0 lead at the end of the first quarter. Scoring in the first quarter would by Dewey Snyder (2 running touchdowns), Rob Flack (2 running touchdowns) along with number 29. In the second quarter Moriah would would slow up there attack and only get one score from Sam Gangi for the 44-0 lead at the half. In the second half it would be more of the same as the Vikings would win it 13-6 and secure the 57-6 victory. In the winning effort the Vikings go to 9-1 and will host the winner from Section II next weekend at Ausable Valley High school. Gallery Moriah's Dewey Snuyder (24) with the stiff arm on the Tuper Lake defender that knocks him to the ground as he heads in for the score. Gallery Section VII Class B Championship: #1 Plattsburgh Hornets Vs #3 Peru Indians Plattsburgh's Jordan Moore(4) with the great two handed tippy toe catch in the endzone. It would be the #1 Plattsburgh Hornets meeting up with the #3 Peru Indians in the Section VII Class B Championship. This would be a defensive battle between two evenly matched teams. As the Peru Indians would score first with a minute left in the first quarter on Kasen Brennan 6 yard touchdown. The game would stay there til 4:28 left in the second quarter when Jordan Moore would score on a 13 yard pass although the hornets would miss the extra point and the Indians would have a 7-6 lead at the break. When the teams came back for the second half the defenses would stay stout as there would be no scoring. The Peru Indians would get the 7-6 victory and be crowned the 2017 Section VII champions and advance to the New York State Class B Tournament and play the Gouvenour Wildcats. Gallery Peru's Kassen Brennan (26) breaking tackles along the edge for the first down. Gallery Section VII Class C Championship: #1 Saranac Chiefs Vs #3 Saranac Lake Red Storm Saranac's James Conway (44) with the pass breakup along the sidelines. It would be a rematch of last years Section VII Class C Championship as the Saranac Chiefs would meet up with the Saranac Lake Red Storm. The Chiefs would get the scoring going as Keegan Wood would score on the 32 yard run to make it 7-0. Although as the quarter ended the Red Storm would score on the 6 yard run from Swanson to make it 7-6. In the second quarter Luke Maye would score twice on 11 and 6 yard runs to make it 21-6 at the half. When the teams returned for the second half the Red Storm would score with 1:13 left in the third quarter on a 26 yard pass to Shipman. Although from there it would be lock down defense on both sides and the Saranac Chiefs would get the 21-12 victory for there first ever Section VII Class C title. With the win the Saranac Chiefs advance to the New York State playoffs and take on Ogdensburg in the first round. Gallery A pair of Saranac Lake defenders on the gang tacckle of Sarabac's Johnny Devins (22) for a lose of yards. Gallery Section VII Class D Championship #1 Ticonderoga Sentinels Vs #2 Moriah Vikings Moriah's Dylan Trombley (10) steps in front of Ticonderoga's Ethan Thompson (39) and makes the catch on the goal line to save the touchdown. It would be the Section VII Class D Championship between long time rivals the #1 Ticonderoga Sentinels and the #2 Moriah Vikings. The Sentinels would take the 7-0 lead 5 minutes into the first quarter on Hayden Scuderi's 1 yard run. The Moriah Vikings would get on the board in the last minute of the first quarter on a Rob Flack 6 yard touchdown but they would fail the 2 point conversion and trail 7-6 after the first quarter. In the second quarter the Vikings would take a 14-7 lead on a Connor Anderson 2 yard run at 7:45 of the quarter. The game would stay there all the way til the 8:20 mark of the third quarter when Pelkey

Magis Publishers Back to the Clinic Article 1 General These general terms and conditions apply to all agreements concluded by Magis Publishers (in Dutch: Magis Uitgeverij), of whatever nature and are applicable except for changes that must be explicitly confirmed in writing by Magis Publishers. 2. Unless expressly agreed otherwise in writing, general terms and conditions of customers apply to transactions entered into with Magis Publishers only insofar as they do not conflict with these terms and conditions. In case of doubt about the question or such conflicts, the conditions of Magis Publishers will prevail. Article 2 Offers All offers from Magis Publishers are always without obligation, unless otherwise agreed in writing. The provisions of article 1 and this article also apply to offers and promises made by representatives of Magis Publishers or other persons on behalf of Magis Publishers, as well as to the agreements made by them. The amounts stated in the quotations are exclusive of turnover tax, value added tax and the like. In the case of composite quotations, there is no obligation to deliver part of it at a corresponding part of the price stated in full in advance. Apparent mistakes in the offers of Magis Publishers release Magis Publishers from the obligation to deliver and / or compensation resulting therefrom. Article 3 Delivery All deliveries to Magis Publishers can only take place after an order from Magis Publishers by means of a numbered order form. This number must be stated in the invoice sent to Magis Publishers. In the absence of this order form or number, Magis Publishers is not obliged to make payment. All deliveries must be made exactly at the time as stated on the written order. If the delivery time is exceeded, Magis Publishers is not obliged to accept the goods. Contrary to the conditions of, among others, printing suppliers, press shops, etc., the stated numbers may not be deviated from. Article 4 Changes by order Changes in the original order of whatever nature, made in writing or orally by or on behalf of the customer, which cause higher costs than could be expected in the quotation, will be charged additionally to the customer. Changes which, on the other hand, result in a reduction of costs will lead to payment of a lower amount than agreed. Any changes in the execution of the order still required by the customer after the order has been given must be notified to Magis Publishers by the customer in writing and in good time. If the changes are communicated orally or by telephone, the risk for the implementation of the changes is for the account of the customer. Changes made to an assignment already given may result in Magis Publishers exceeding the agreed delivery time before the change beyond its responsibility. Artikel 5 Delivery Unless otherwise agreed, deliveries by Magis Publishers are not carriage paid to the delivery address. Magis Publishers uses the most advantageous transport method for the customer. Goods to be delivered by Magis Publishers are at the risk of the customer, which risk is transferred to the customer as soon as the goods have left the warehouses or the warehouses of these third parties upon delivery to third parties. Magis Publishers is authorized to insure the goods at the expense of the customer against risks to be determined by Magis Publishers. Delivery is deemed to have taken place: a. If the goods are collected by or on behalf of the customer: by taking receipt of the goods. b. When shipped via a means of transport of Magis Publishers: by delivery to the home or warehouse of the buyer. Delivery as referred to in these conditions need not intend or cause a transfer of ownership. See further what is stated in article 6. Article 6 Delivery time The delivery times stated by Magis Publishers are without obligation and are approximate. The delivery time commences after Magis Publishing has accepted the order in writing, all formality and necessary for the commencement of the activities have been fulfilled, all necessary documents are in the possession of Magis Publishers and the customer Magis Publishers, moreover, in accordance with Magis Publishers house, has provided the information required for the performance of the work and has carried out preparatory work. If, moreover, payment in installments has been agreed upon acceptance of the order and the first installment at the order lapses, the delivery time will not start earlier than after receipt of the first payment term. With regard to the delivery time, the goods are deemed to have been delivered when they or the most important parts thereof, all this at the discretion of Magis Publishers, are ready for dispatch, after the customer has been informed by Magis Publishers. Transfer of the delivery time, for whatever reason, will never entitle the customer to compensation, dissolution of the agreement or non-fulfillment of any obligation that may arise for him from this or any other agreement related to this agreement or whether not have work carried out under or by third parties for the performance of the agreement, unless there is intent or gross negligence on the part of Magis Publishers and the provisions of sub 6 below. Extension of the delivery time can only take place at the request of the customer with the express permission of Magis Publishers. Any costs and losses arising for Magis Publishers from this extension are for the account of the customer. The customer can only claim compensation for damage suffered with regard to non-delivery, late delivery or incomplete delivery if the customer has summoned Magis Publishers in writing immediately after expiry of the delivery period or delivery date within eight days of sending the summons to it. fulfill delivery obligations and Magis Publishers remains in default thereof. Contrary to the foregoing provisions, the agreement is deemed to be dissolved by operation of law if or insofar as it has not been executed within three months after the expiry of the delivery term or delivery date. Article 7 Delay by the customer If the progress in the execution or delivery of the order is delayed by the customer or due to force majeure on his part, Magis Publishers can pay a part of the total price quoted proportionally and in proportion to the finished or delivered part and for the other Costs already incurred for the entire order, whether or not increased by the usual custody fee for the goods in storage, will be disposed of on the term by which it would have been decided if no delays had occurred. If this term has not been explicitly agreed in advance, the aforementioned will be available immediately after the expiry of the time normally required for the preparation of the order in this matter. Article 8 Transfer of Ownership and Risk Immediately after the goods, or the most important parts thereof, at the discretion of Magis Publishers, are deemed to have been delivered within the meaning of Article 4, the customer bears the risk of all direct and indirect damage to or by these goods at the option of the customer. to demonstrate that all this is the result of negligence on the part of Magis Publishers; Without prejudice to the provisions of the preceding paragraph, ownership of the goods or the most important parts thereof will not pass to the customer until all that is owed by the customer in respect of the goods, including any interest and costs. met, without prejudice to rights acquired for third parties. Article 9 Right of retention If Magis Publishers has in its possession goods of the customer, Magis Publishers is entitled to retain those goods in order to pay all costs that Magis Publishers still has for the execution of orders related to the aforementioned or other goods of the customer, unless the customer has provided adequate security for those costs. Magis Publishers also has the right of

High Court and Court of Appeal had provided sufficient guidance to the citizens of Kenya for determining what the basic structure was; and further, was the four-step-sequential process to be found within the Constitution, or coming from outside. Wanjala J asked about the distinction between "amendment" and "alteration": what meaning was to be given to the "disappearance" of the word "alteration" from the constitution-making process, and how might that word be revived, constitutionally. He also asked about the where the juridical form of the constituent power was located. Koome CJ wondered if Kesavananda Bharati had attained the standard of a municipal decision that could be taken to lay down "a general principle of international law" – and whether, indeed, it had informed the framing of Kenya's own Constitution, in particular Articles 255 – 257. Sticking with the theme, Lenaola J asked where in Kesavananda Bharati it was said that the Indian Constitution has any "eternity clauses". He then asked what – in my view – was the most important question of the hearing (I will examine the reasons for this below): given that Article 255(1) specified which entrenched matters had to go to a referendum for amendment Article 257(1), what were those matters outside Article 255(1) that might need to go to the primary constituent power for amendment? On the IEBC and quorum, Ouku J asked what would happen to those acts that the IEBC had done while it was improperly constituted. Njoki J asked if the quorum requirements could be read into the Constitution – and if not, why did the Constitution provide a "minimum" and a "maximum" number for the composition of commissions. Wanjala J wanted to know what would happen if Parliament made a law for a three-member commission, and fixed quorum on that basis. Similarly, Lenaola J asked what the meaning was of Article 250(1) setting the minimum number at three (as no constitutional provision ought to be considered superfluous), and what – if any – acts the Commission could undertake with three members. On public participation, Njoki J asked what specific steps the IEBC could have taken to reach ordinary Kenyans. And Koome CJ expressed a concern similar to the one she had expressed during Appellants' arguments: was there something in the Constitution that could be used to determine the standards for public participation, even in the absence of express statutory framework? Discursion: Thinking through Lenaola J's Question Before continuing with this post, I want to briefly think through Lenaola J's question, as I believe it is fundamental to the case. The point is basically this: as the Appellants argued repeatedly, the Kenyan Constitution has a two-track process for amendment. The regular Parliamentary route on the one hand (Article 256), and then, for the ten entrenched subjects under Article 255(1), the public participation + referendum route under Article 257. Appellants argued that this two-track process was doing the same work that the basic structure doctrine was otherwise meant to do: it was identifying the basic features of the Kenyan Constitution, and then prescribing a more onerous, people-involved way of amending them, which approximated the primary constituent power. This being the case, the obvious challenge for the basic structure doctrine is this: if you say that the basic structure of the Kenyan Constitution is the ten subjects under Article 255(1) (the supremacy of the Constitution, the territory of Kenya, the sovereignty of the People, etc.), then an immediate problem arises – given that there is a specific and express way to amend these subjects (Article 257), how then can the four-step process be simply superimposed upon this scheme? If, on the other hand, you say that the basic structure of the Kenyan Constitution is not in these ten subjects, then a whole host of other problems arise. What, for example, is even more fundamental or basic than sovereignty, or the bill of rights, or constitutional supremacy, that would need an even higher threshold of amendment than what is set out in Article 257? And how would you identify what those even more fundamental themes are? So how does one answer Lenaola J's question? I think there are two sequential (sorry!) responses. The first is to accept that the basic structure is (largely) located within Article 255(1) of the Kenyan Constitution (as the Court of Appeal, in fact, did) and not outside of it. However, here is the key: not every amendment to an Article 255(1) subject will trigger the basic structure doctrine and the four-step-sequential process. It is important to note here that the OG basic structure case – Kesavananda Bharati – never actually said that you cannot amend the basic structure. What it said – and this is crucial – is that you cannot damage or destroy the basic structure. And the distinction is significant: for example, amendments to Article 16 of the Indian Constitution setting out the modalities for affirmative action have passed the judicial scrutiny, even though they "amend" the Constitution's equality code, which is unambiguously part of the basic structure. So, even with respect to the subjects set out under Article 255(1), not every amendment will necessarily trigger basic structure scrutiny. Consider, for example, 255(1)(e) – the Bill of Rights. Article 24 of the Kenyan Constitution sets out the conditions for limiting a particular fundamental right. It follows familiar language – the nature of the right, the purpose of the limitation, etc. Now, suppose you wanted to amend Article 24 and make the language clearer – for example, incorporate into the Article, in express terms, the global proportionality standard that is now followed in many jurisdictions across the world. This would be an amendment to an Article 255(1) subject, and therefore trigger Article 257. However, it would not be damaging or destroying the basic structure in a manner that would trigger the primary constituent power, and the four-step-sequential process. Indeed, you can think of many ways in which the subjects set out under Article 255(1) could be amended (i.e., making language more precise, modifications to standards, adding standards, etc.) that would not trigger what we generally think of as basic structure scrutiny. On the other hand, if you were to repeal Article 24 altogether, and replace it with a provision such as: "All rights in this Part may be limited whenever the government deems fit in the public interest" – now that would be a basic structure violation that would go beyond Article 257 and trigger the four-step-sequential process. This point is crucial, because it really does go to the heart of the case – the difference between amendment and repeal – and why the existence of the two-track process (as the Appellants argued) does not preclude the operation of the basic structure doctrine. This is because at the end of the day, the two-track process is concerned with amendment – whether of non-entrenched provisions (Article 256 route) or entrenched provisions (Article 255(1) + 257 route). The two-track process does not contemplate wholesale repeal of the Constitution (express or implied). It is for those situations that the primary constituent power and the four-step-sequential process is needed. Thus, there is nothing absurd about saying that one does not need to go looking for the basic structure outside of Article 255(1): the same sub-clauses under Article 255(1) might trigger either Article 257 or the four-step-sequential process, depending upon the nature of the change in the Constitution sought to be effected, and whether it genuinely amounts to an amendment, or whether it is a repeal. In other words, the key is not Article 255(1), but the nature of the change. My second, brief point is that at the same time, one might hesitate to definitively say that Article 255(1) necessarily exhausts the basic structure.

new QueryCallback() { @Override public void receive(long timestamp, Event[] inEvents, Event[] removeEvents) { EventPrinter.print(timestamp, inEvents, removeEvents); if (inEvents != null) { inEventCount = inEventCount + inEvents.length; AssertJUnit.assertArrayEquals(new Object[]{null, null, 45.7f}, inEvents[0].getData()); } if (removeEvents != null) { removeEventCount = removeEventCount + removeEvents.length; } eventArrived = true; } }); InputHandler stream1 = siddhiAppRuntime.getInputHandler("Stream1"); InputHandler stream2 = siddhiAppRuntime.getInputHandler("Stream2"); siddhiAppRuntime.start(); stream2.send(new Object[]{"IBM", 45.7f, 100}); Thread.sleep(100); AssertJUnit.assertEquals("Number of success events", 1, inEventCount); AssertJUnit.assertEquals("Number of remove events", 0, removeEventCount); AssertJUnit.assertEquals("Event arrived", true, eventArrived); siddhiAppRuntime.shutdown(); } @Test public void testQuery8() throws InterruptedException { log.info("testPatternCount8 - OUT 1"); SiddhiManager siddhiManager = new SiddhiManager(); String streams = "" + "define stream Stream1 (symbol string, price float, volume int); " + "define stream Stream2 (symbol string, price float, volume int); "; String query = "" + "@info(name = 'query1') " + "from e1=Stream1[price>20] <0:5> -> e2=Stream2[price>e1[0].price] " + "select e1[0].price as price1_0, e1[1].price as price1_1, e2.price as price2 " + "insert into OutputStream ;"; SiddhiAppRuntime siddhiAppRuntime = siddhiManager.createSiddhiAppRuntime(streams + query); siddhiAppRuntime.addCallback("query1", new QueryCallback() { @Override public void receive(long timestamp, Event[] inEvents, Event[] removeEvents) { EventPrinter.print(timestamp, inEvents, removeEvents); if (inEvents != null) { inEventCount = inEventCount + inEvents.length; AssertJUnit.assertArrayEquals(new Object[]{25.6f, null, 45.7f}, inEvents[0].getData()); } if (removeEvents != null) { removeEventCount = removeEventCount + removeEvents.length; } eventArrived = true; } }); InputHandler stream1 = siddhiAppRuntime.getInputHandler("Stream1"); InputHandler stream2 = siddhiAppRuntime.getInputHandler("Stream2"); siddhiAppRuntime.start(); stream1.send(new Object[]{"WSO2", 25.6f, 100}); Thread.sleep(100); stream1.send(new Object[]{"GOOG", 7.6f, 100}); Thread.sleep(100); stream2.send(new Object[]{"IBM", 45.7f, 100}); Thread.sleep(100); AssertJUnit.assertEquals("Number of success events", 1, inEventCount); AssertJUnit.assertEquals("Number of remove events", 0, removeEventCount); AssertJUnit.assertEquals("Event arrived", true, eventArrived); siddhiAppRuntime.shutdown(); } @Test public void testQuery9() throws InterruptedException { log.info("testPatternCount9 - OUT 1"); SiddhiManager siddhiManager = new SiddhiManager(); String streams = "" + "define stream EventStream (symbol string, price float, volume int); "; String query = "" + "@info(name = 'query1') " + "from e1 = EventStream [price >= 50 and volume > 100] -> e2 = EventStream [price <= 40] <0:5> " + " -> e3 = EventStream [volume <= 70] " + "select e1.symbol as symbol1, e2[0].symbol as symbol2, e3.symbol as symbol3 " + "insert into StockQuote;"; SiddhiAppRuntime siddhiAppRuntime = siddhiManager.createSiddhiAppRuntime(streams + query); siddhiAppRuntime.addCallback("query1", new QueryCallback() { @Override public void receive(long timestamp, Event[] inEvents, Event[] removeEvents) { EventPrinter.print(timestamp, inEvents, removeEvents); if (inEvents != null) { for (Event event : inEvents) { inEventCount++; switch (inEventCount) { case 1: AssertJUnit.assertArrayEquals(new Object[]{"IBM", "GOOG", "WSO2"}, event.getData()); break; default: AssertJUnit.assertSame(1, inEventCount); } } } if (removeEvents != null) { removeEventCount = removeEventCount + removeEvents.length; } eventArrived = true; } }); InputHandler eventStream = siddhiAppRuntime.getInputHandler("EventStream"); siddhiAppRuntime.start(); eventStream.send(new Object[]{"IBM", 75.6f, 105}); Thread.sleep(100); eventStream.send(new Object[]{"GOOG", 21f, 81}); eventStream.send(new Object[]{"WSO2", 176.6f, 65}); Thread.sleep(100); AssertJUnit.assertEquals("Number of success events", 1, inEventCount); AssertJUnit.assertEquals("Number of remove events", 0, removeEventCount); AssertJUnit.assertEquals("Event arrived", true, eventArrived); siddhiAppRuntime.shutdown(); } @Test public void testQuery10() throws InterruptedException { log.info("testPatternCount10 - OUT 1"); SiddhiManager siddhiManager = new SiddhiManager(); String streams = "" + "define stream EventStream (symbol string, price float, volume int); "; String query = "" + "@info(name = 'query1') " + "from e1 = EventStream [price >= 50 and volume > 100] -> e2 = EventStream [price <= 40] <:5> " + " -> e3 = EventStream [volume <= 70] " + "select e1.symbol as symbol1, e2[0].symbol as symbol2, e3.symbol as symbol3 " + "insert into StockQuote;"; SiddhiAppRuntime siddhiAppRuntime = siddhiManager.createSiddhiAppRuntime(streams + query); siddhiAppRuntime.addCallback("query1", new QueryCallback() { @Override public void receive(long timestamp, Event[] inEvents, Event[] removeEvents) { EventPrinter.print(timestamp, inEvents, removeEvents); if (inEvents != null) { for (Event event : inEvents) { inEventCount++; switch (inEventCount) { case 1: AssertJUnit.assertArrayEquals(new Object[]{"IBM", null, "GOOG"}, event.getData()); break; default: AssertJUnit.assertSame(1, inEventCount); } } } if (removeEvents != null) { removeEventCount = removeEventCount + removeEvents.length; } eventArrived = true; } }); InputHandler eventStream = siddhiAppRuntime.getInputHandler("EventStream"); siddhiAppRuntime.start(); eventStream.send(new Object[]{"IBM", 75.6f, 105}); Thread.sleep(100); eventStream.send(new Object[]{"GOOG", 21f, 61}); eventStream.send(new Object[]{"WSO2", 21f, 61}); Thread.sleep(100); AssertJUnit.assertEquals("Number of success events", 1, inEventCount); AssertJUnit.assertEquals("Number of remove events", 0, removeEventCount); AssertJUnit.assertEquals("Event arrived", true, eventArrived); siddhiAppRuntime.shutdown(); } @Test public void testQuery11() throws InterruptedException { log.info("testPatternCount11 - OUT 1"); SiddhiManager siddhiManager = new SiddhiManager(); String streams = "" + "define stream EventStream (symbol string, price float, volume int); "; String query = "" + "@info(name = 'query1') " + "from e1 = EventStream [price >= 50 and volume > 100] -> e2 = EventStream [price <= 40] <:5> " + " -> e3 = EventStream [volume <= 70] " + "select e1.symbol as symbol1, e2[last].symbol as symbol2, e3.symbol as symbol3 " + "insert into StockQuote;"; SiddhiAppRuntime siddhiAppRuntime = siddhiManager.createSiddhiAppRuntime(streams + query); siddhiAppRuntime.addCallback("query1", new QueryCallback() { @Override public void receive(long timestamp, Event[] inEvents, Event[] removeEvents) { EventPrinter.print(timestamp, inEvents, removeEvents); if (inEvents != null) { for (Event event : inEvents) { inEventCount++; switch (inEventCount) { case 1: AssertJUnit.assertArrayEquals(new Object[]{"IBM", null, "GOOG"}, event.getData()); break; default: AssertJUnit.assertSame(1, inEventCount); } } } if (removeEvents != null) { removeEventCount = removeEventCount + removeEvents.length; } eventArrived = true; } }); InputHandler eventStream = siddhiAppRuntime.getInputHandler("EventStream"); siddhiAppRuntime.start(); eventStream.send(new Object[]{"IBM", 75.6f, 105}); Thread.sleep(100); eventStream.send(new Object[]{"GOOG", 21f, 61}); eventStream.send(new Object[]{"WSO2", 21f, 61}); Thread.sleep(100); AssertJUnit.assertEquals("Number of success events", 1, inEventCount); AssertJUnit.assertEquals("Number of remove events", 0, removeEventCount); AssertJUnit.assertEquals("Event arrived", true, eventArrived); siddhiAppRuntime.shutdown(); } @Test public void testQuery12() throws InterruptedException { log.info("testPatternCount12 - OUT 1"); SiddhiManager siddhiManager = new SiddhiManager(); String streams = "" + "define stream EventStream (symbol string, price float, volume int); "; String query = "" + "@info(name = 'query1') " + "from e1 = EventStream [price >= 50 and volume > 100] -> e2 = EventStream [price <= 40] <:5> " + " -> e3 = EventStream [volume <= 70] " + "select e1.symbol as symbol1, e2[last].symbol as symbol2, e3.symbol as symbol3 " + "insert into StockQuote;"; SiddhiAppRuntime siddhiAppRuntime = siddhiManager.createSiddhiAppRuntime(streams + query); siddhiAppRuntime.addCallback("query1", new QueryCallback() { @Override public void receive(long timestamp, Event[] inEvents, Event[] removeEvents) { EventPrinter.print(timestamp, inEvents, removeEvents); if (inEvents != null) { for (Event event : inEvents) { inEventCount++; switch (inEventCount) { case 1: AssertJUnit.assertArrayEquals(new Object[]{"IBM", "FB", "WSO2"}, event.getData()); break; default: AssertJUnit.assertSame(1, inEventCount); } } } if (removeEvents != null) { removeEventCount = removeEventCount + removeEvents.length; } eventArrived = true; } }); InputHandler eventStream = siddhiAppRuntime.getInputHandler("EventStream"); siddhiAppRuntime.start(); eventStream.send(new Object[]{"IBM", 75.6f, 105}); Thread.sleep(100); eventStream.send(new Object[]{"GOOG", 21f, 91}); eventStream.send(new Object[]{"FB", 21f, 81}); eventStream.send(new Object[]{"WSO2", 21f, 61}); Thread.sleep(100); AssertJUnit.assertEquals("Number of success events", 1, inEventCount); AssertJUnit.assertEquals("Number of remove events", 0, removeEventCount); AssertJUnit.assertEquals("Event arrived", true, eventArrived); siddhiAppRuntime.shutdown(); } @Test public void testQuery13() throws InterruptedException { log.info("testPatternCount13 - OUT 1"); SiddhiManager siddhiManager = new SiddhiManager(); String streams = "" + "define stream EventStream (symbol string, price float, volume int); "; String query = "" + "@info(name = 'query1') " + "from every e1 = EventStream -> " + " e2 = EventStream [e1.symbol==e2.symbol]<4:6> " + "select e1.volume as volume1, e2[0].volume as volume2, e2[1].volume as volume3, e2[2].volume as " + "volume4, e2[3].volume as volume5, e2[4].volume as volume6, e2[5].volume as volume7 " + "insert into StockQuote;"; SiddhiAppRuntime siddhiAppRuntime = siddhiManager.createSiddhiAppRuntime(streams + query); siddhiAppRuntime.addCallback("query1", new QueryCallback() { @Override public void receive(long timestamp, Event[] inEvents, Event[] removeEvents) { EventPrinter.print(timestamp, inEvents, removeEvents); if (inEvents != null) { for (Event event : inEvents) { inEventCount++; switch (inEventCount) { case 1: AssertJUnit.assertArrayEquals(new Object[]{100, 200, 300, 400, 500, null, null}, event .getData()); break; case 2: AssertJUnit.assertArrayEquals(new Object[]{200, 300, 400, 500, 600, null, null}, event .getData()); break; case 3: AssertJUnit.assertArrayEquals(new Object[]{300, 400, 500, 600, 700, null, null}, event .getData()); break; case 4: AssertJUnit.assertArrayEquals(new Object[]{400, 500, 600, 700, 800, null, null}, event .getData()); break; case 5: AssertJUnit.assertArrayEquals(new Object[]{500, 600, 700, 800, 900, null, null}, event .getData()); break; default: AssertJUnit.assertSame(5, inEventCount); } } } if (removeEvents != null) { removeEventCount = removeEventCount + removeEvents.length; } eventArrived = true; } }); InputHandler eventStream = siddhiAppRuntime.getInputHandler("EventStream"); siddhiAppRuntime.start(); eventStream.send(new Object[]{"IBM", 75.6f, 100}); eventStream.send(new Object[]{"IBM", 75.6f, 200}); eventStream.send(new Object[]{"IBM", 75.6f, 300}); eventStream.send(new Object[]{"GOOG", 21f, 91}); eventStream.send(new Object[]{"IBM", 75.6f, 400}); eventStream.send(new Object[]{"IBM", 75.6f, 500}); eventStream.send(new Object[]{"GOOG", 21f, 91}); eventStream.send(new Object[]{"IBM", 75.6f, 600}); eventStream.send(new Object[]{"IBM", 75.6f, 700}); eventStream.send(new Object[]{"IBM", 75.6f, 800}); eventStream.send(new

A&Rmchair A&Rmchair is a blog about being old enough to remember seeing the Clash, whilst noting that quite a lot has changed since then. A&R, stands for Artists and Repertoire - a job I performed for years with the skill and determination of a vindictive traffic warden; Armchair is the leather one I currently sit in, scribbling and occasionally getting up to play Side Two. Toads, Dressing Rooms and Acne. What can I say? It's the longest gap between posts I've left it since I started this blog. The fancy dress party I wrote about last time feels like it happened in the nineties. Maybe it did. Anyway, for those of you who read this - and last time I looked there were people in St Laurant Du Var and Vincente Lopez, as well as folk in Adelaide, Bangkok and Helsinki - there was even one visitor from Islamabad last month (hopefully wearing a skinny tie and listening to The Knack) - yes, for those of you that read this, I humbly apologise. It's not like I've been on holiday either - quite the opposite in fact, I've been working. The toad is squatting. Not that managing a band isn't work, or indeed writing articles (incidentally, here's one I wrote last week about band names) but crucially none of this brings in that much cash at the moment. Actually, let's be honest, none of is bringing in any cash right now. OK, so occasionally, I get paid for something - but it does feel like the work you get paid for when you are freelance, particularly a freelance writer, isn't the actual work but the work you put in trying to get paid. So with savings running at an all time low, I suggested to some of my mover and shaker friends that whilst I may superficially appear to be a flourishing and rather important band manager, my wife is beginning to look at me rather sternly; could they put their considerable feelers out and if they hear of any freelance work popping up, get on the phone to me immediately? I sent this out as a lighthearted, amusingly-written email and by the end of the day my inbox was full to the brim with job offers. If only that were true. No, apart from a couple of well-meaning responses of the 'I'll give you a shout if anything does come up...' nature, it was the deafening sound of Gmail Tumbleweed, which greeted me. Oh well, I thought, at least I tried. I returned to the drawing board, wondering if in fact, I did have as many actual friends out there as I thought. Maybe everyone was on holiday, maybe their silence was meant to convey a vociferous 'I hear ya!' Whatever the reason, their silence spoke pamphlets. Then, about a week later, I got a call from a friend - "would you like to help out the online team of XXXXXXX, while one of them is away on jury service?" I jumped at it. I haven't done any online editorial since my days at AOL Music and despite the work at first glance being of the desk-bound screen-staring variety, I must confess to really rather enjoying it. I'm not going to tell you where it is, suffice to say that there are worse music websites out there and due to the unique way it's funded, everyone seems to be there for the right reasons - IE they love music and want to make great content - rather than the situation at AOL Music where any decent editorial ideas would be swept away in a sea of boring demands from sponsors. Actually, the last I heard, since being bought by Carphone Warehouse a couple of years ago, the remaining editorial staff at AOL were given the final ignominious task of flying to Mumbai to teach the call centre staff there how to do editorial. Talk about digging your own grave. But don't think that I've thrown in the management towel to purse the Internet dream - oh no, my friends, I am still chipping away at the coal face of rock and pop and things are very gradually beginning to hot up. The Scottish band - let's for the sake of it call them Isosceles, shall we? - are coming out of the woodwork. They've been slaving away over a hot rehearsal room stove to come up with the next single and there's a 20 date tour being prepared for the autumn. I went up to see them play at The Edge Festival (the music part of the Edinburgh Festival) last weekend and it's sinking in that they are actually beginning to command a bit of an audience. In the Caberet Voltaire, bang in the middle of the city, surrounded by clowns, jugglers and motionless, silver-painted men, the band unloaded their gear and I noticed for the first time that we had some A4 love. Getting the A4 is something I've always subconsciously known is a sign you are going somewhere - it's when the promoter prints a number of sheets with your band name on it to make the venue seem like its yours for the night - a couple with 'Isosceles - Dressing Room Upstairs' on them, and a handful with stage times and Isosceles at the top. Small and insignificant this may sound but it's a deeply satisfying thing after always being first support and not getting your name on the sheet or getting it on but woefully misspelled. Don't get me started on the various spellings of Isosceles, by the way, suffice to say it's easy to remember once you've heard their chant-along song of the same name It was good to see the fellas again, it had been a while and there was much catching up to do. We kicked back in the dressing room - a room, it must be said, that looked like it had been designed by someone with the wrong brief. Normally dressing rooms are breeze-blocked, graffiti-heavy, damp and shabby - the furniture is the worst sort of student landlord mouse-nibbled sofa carcasses and the toilets barely a latrine above an open sewer. The only respite is the rider - a case of beer and softs or as one promoter on the forthcoming tour describes it: 'ice cool imported beer' (just the wrongness of the expression 'ice cool' sets off alarm bells). The people who designed the dressing room at the Caberet Voltaire had obviously believed they were designing a Green Room for a national TV show - instead of breeze block there is a very tasteful feature wall with flock-effect wallpaper, instead of a burned-out three piece suite from 1983 there are leather sofas and wooden chairs which look as if they're from Heels. There is also a serious Air con unit which, on a day like today, brings a tear of joy to the eye. There is tea, coffee and of course there are beers as well as softs - plus chocolate too. I get to the dressing room before the band arrive and do the most important thing a manager can do - put the choc in the fridge. Job done, I sit back and wait for my 20%. As with most of the band's shows, I'm almost disappointed that there is not more A&R advice I can give them - they are so near to being brilliant it's criminal. One time on the last tour I commented to Jack about communicating with the audience more and by the next time I saw them he was engaging everyone. This time they play two brand new songs and one of them - Andy, You're Just Like Clockwork feels

of the room, looking, it must be said, somewhat wooden himself. There wasn't much to do, when you were a Phone and not in use, except stand and stare into the middle distance, sentry-style. You must never yawn or shuffle your feet. Above all you must never give any sign that the communications unit strapped to you, all sixty pounds of it, was starting to get heavy. To be a Phone was a job only for those with a strong constitution and a high boredom threshold. Others need not apply. Prosper, at his desk, was absorbed in contemplation of something on his videotyper screen. To judge by the red-highlighted figures in the right-hand margin, he was studying that subset of the Family accounts which related to the Gleeds" boardroom battles with the Kuczinskis, the only field of fiscal conflict in which the Family's losses currently outweighed its gains. "Prosper?" He looked up. Blinked. "Would you send your Phone out for a moment?" Prosper frowned, then turned to the man in the corner and clicked his fingers. The Phone stepped smartly out of the room. Cynthia perched on the edge of the desk near her husband and folded her arms. "Tell me you were showing off back there," she said, nodding in the direction of the second-largest drawing room. "Tell me it was just manly breast-beating." "I don't know what you're—" "You know perfectly well what I'm talking about. It was for the girls" benefit. So that you could look more like a father. You don't sincerely believe the Kuczinskis are behind all this." "On the contrary, I'm trying to think of reasons why they might _not_ be." "I gave you reasons. Plenty of them." "And none, in my view, holds up against the fact that our two Families have been at loggerheads for two centuries, more or less. They hate us. They'd stop at nothing to undermine us. Won't you at least admit, Cynthia, that if any Family was responsible for kidnapping Provender, it would be the Kuczinskis?" "I agree, but—" "There we are, then." "Let me finish. I was going to say, I agree, but without any form of proof, all you're doing is making wild and potentially dangerous accusations. Wouldn't it be better to wait till we know more? Till, for instance, we actually hear from the kidnappers?" "And what if we don't hear from them? What if Provender is halfway to Warsaw by now? You have no idea what the Kuczinskis are like, Cynthia. You don't have to deal with them like I do. You don't have to sit with them at the Annual Family Congress and watch those beady red eyes and those white faces and those ridiculous filed teeth of theirs. You don't have to watch them sip blood from wine goblets and smack their lips with relish. Blood freely donated by East European ClanFans. Ugh! They're disgusting. They're worse than monsters—they're humans playing at being monsters. Real monsters, if such things exist, can't help being what they are. The Kuczinskis can. So don't tell me this isn't something they'd do, because I know them and this is exactly the sort of thing they'd do." "Then why not contact them? Get the Phone back in and ring them right now? Speak to Stanislaw Kuczinski and ask him straight out: do you have my son?" "Because, for one thing, it's mid-morning in Poland. They'll all be fast asleep. And for another thing, he'll almost certainly lie and say he doesn't have a clue what I'm talking about. And for a third thing, I've had a better idea." "Which is?" "All in good time. You know, though, Cynthia, it does upset me a bit." "What does?" "The fact that, here am I, I'm faced with a crisis, our son's been taken, our Family's been attacked in its own homestead, bearded in its lair, and I'm trying to do something about it, and all I get from you is grief. Not support. Not encouragement. My own wife, who's been harping on at me for years not to be such a wastrel and a layabout—and those are just some of the kinder names you've called me—my own wife is unwilling to back me to the hilt when I need her to." "I'd back you, Prosper," Cynthia said. "Of course I would. If I believed you were doing the right thing. If I didn't feel you were about to take some precipitate course of action that could lead to God knows what." "So much for a wife's unconditional love for her husband. So much for man and woman becoming one flesh. Were you asleep during our marriage vows?" "Oh, _Dios mío_ , Prosper! Don't talk to me about 'unconditional love'. Don't you dare. _¡Hipócrita!_ This from a man who'll screw anything in a skirt. A man who'll disappear for days on end and I don't know if he's in a casino in Monte Carlo, at the Kentucky Derby, holed up in some high-class Bangkok brothel, or what! If I've given you anything over the years it's love, patience, tolerance, devotion, way above and beyond the call of duty. I've stood by you while any other woman would have divorced you long ago and made it as public and traumatic as possible. I've put up with your behaviour, I've taken more shit from you than anyone deserves, and damn it, if that doesn't give me the right to tell you when I think you're making a bad decision, I don't know what does. Bah!" She spat. " _¡Hijo de puta!_ Sometimes you disgust me." "I understand you're upset by all this, Cynthia." Prosper's hands came up in a placatory gesture. "It's hardly surprising. We're all under incredible strain right now, and if—" She hit him, open-handed, intending more to shock than to hurt. The fact that the blow clearly did hurt, however, a lot, was not exactly a source of displeasure to her. When he had stopped rubbing his cheek and hissing through clenched teeth, Prosper said, "Well. Hmm. I'll put that down to heat of the moment. Lack of sleep. Time of the month, maybe." "Put it down to whatever you like," she replied, icily. "You know as well as I do you've had it coming for ages." "You won't change my mind, Cynthia. No matter how many times you slap me." "A skull as thick as yours, it'd take a sledgehammer to get through to you." "I'm convinced the Kuczinskis are behind this. Convinced. And the first thing I'm going to do is get them to confess it. And the next thing I'm going to do is threaten them with dire consequences if they don't give Provender back." "You're mad." "No, I'm someone who knows what's best for his Family and will do whatever it takes to protect his Family." "This isn't just some game, Prosper. This isn't a spin of a roulette wheel or a draw at blackjack. Lives could be at stake here. Thousands, perhaps millions. You'd go to war with the Kuczinskis without even knowing for sure they're guilty?" "I'll find that out first, and then, if war's what it has to be, then war it is. Phone!" "Prosper, I'm begging you. Wait." "Wait for what? The Kuczinskis to take Gratitude as well? Extravagance? _Phone!_ " The study door open and the Phone poked his head in. "I'm sorry, sir, did you want me?" "Dammit, man, are you deaf? I've been shouting for you for hours." "Prosper..." "Come over here," Prosper said to the Phone. To his wife he said, "I'm invoking an Extraordinary Family Congress. I'll get word out to Massimiliano Borgia de'Medici. He'll do the rest. I want Stanislaw Kuczinski to look me in the eye across the Congress Chamber and tell me he doesn't have my son. I want everyone to see that shifty vampire wannabe squirm as he lies to my face." "Prosper, I can't

himself had been! The walls that used to bulge, and reek with mildew and damp, were straight and smooth; glass casements replaced the ricketty shutters; nice white curtains tempered the sunshine; the scanty and broken furniture was replaced by new. But what she valued above all, in her hand were the herbs which were to make her mother's healing drink! Their decoction was her first occupation; and by the next day they had restored her mother to health, and joy once more reigned in the cottage, thanks to the Norg! It had been the rich churl's custom, equally with the other villagers, to take his cattle on to the mountain pastures to graze for the beginning of the summer season am Johanni [12]. His grazing ground was just the highest pasture of the Noergelspitz. The festival now soon arrived, and the picturesque processions of cattle with their herds went lowing forth as usual, to enjoy their summer feed. When the Norg's enemy, however, arrived at his destination, instead of the emerald <DW72>s he was wont to find, with their rich yield of marbel and maim [13], all ready prepared by St. Martin's care [14] for the delight of his cows and sheep, all was stony and desolate! Three days they spent wandering about in search of a few blades to browse, but even this was denied them--nor ever again did the Noergelspitz bring forth any thing but ice and snow! Of the sleek droves which had started, the envy of all beholders, few beasts lived to return; the prosperity of the once flourishing Hof had fled, and before many years were out its proprietor was obliged to leave it, a ruined man. Theresa had in the meantime married a thrifty peasant, whose industry enabled him to be the purchaser of the abandoned Hof, which he soon stocked to the full extent of former days. Ofttimes a curious grey-bearded little stranger would drop in at night to share their comfortable meal, and before he went away he would always sing his couplet-- "Morgen oder Heut Kommt die Zahlzeit." Such occasional apparitions of the strange visitants excited the curiosity of the inhabitants of the earth to the utmost, and many a weird story was told of frightful injury happening to those who had striven to penetrate their retreat, and for a long period none had any success in the enterprise. It happened one day, however, that a daring hunter who had been led far from his usual track, and far from the country with which he was familiar, by the pursuit of a gemsbock, found himself at the entrance of a low-arched cavern. As night was about to fall and the sky wore a threatening aspect, he was glad to creep within this shelter till the light of morning should enable him to find his way home once more. He had not proceeded far within the dim corridor, when he perceived that in proportion as he got farther from the light of day the cave became brighter instead of darker! Eagerly seeking the cause of this phenomenon, he perceived that the walls were all encrusted with gold and precious stones, which emitted constant sparkles of light. He thereby recognized at once that he had reached an approach to one of the resorts of the Mountain-folk, as the Norgs were also called from having their habitation in the hearts of the mountains. To avoid the fate of those who had ventured within the mysterious precincts, he was about to make good his escape, when he felt something soft under his feet. It proved to be a red hood or cap, dropped there by one of the Mountain-folk, a veritable Tarnkappe which had the property of making the wearer invisible to men, and also enabled him to command admission to any part of the subterranean settlement. He had scarcely placed it on his head when one of the little men of the mountain came running up to look for his lost cap. Fritzl the hunter was much too cunning to give up the advantage of its possession, but with great good humour he told the dwarf he reckoned it too great an advantage to have the opportunity of visiting his beautiful territory to give it up for nothing; but he assured him he should have no reason to regret having given him admission. The dwarf could not choose but obey, and the Jaeger enjoyed the singular privilege of surveying all the hidden treasures of the underground world. Beautiful are the glories of the mountain world as seen by mortal eyes--gorgeous its colours when illumined by the southern sun, but all this is as barren darkness compared with the glories hidden within its stony recesses. Here, the sky overhead was all of diamonds and sapphires and carbuncles, and their light sparkled with tenfold glory and beauty to the light of the sun and moon and stars; the trees were of living gold and silver, and the flowers and fruit of precious stones; the grass all of crystal and emerald; there was no cold or heat, no perplexing change of season, but one perpetual spring spread its balmy air around; lakes there were all of opal and mother-o'-pearl, and gorgeously plumed swans perpetually crossing them served the inhabitants in lieu of boats. The Jaeger's delight and admiration at all these sights won the sympathy and regard of his guide, and by degrees he grew more communicative, and explained to him the whole economy of their mode of life. He showed him how they were divided into three distinct classes: those wearing red caps, who were gay and good-natured, and filled with goodwill towards mankind also, notwithstanding many wild pranks; those with brown caps, whose mischief was mingled with malice rather than fun, but who yet would suffer themselves to be propitiated; and those with black caps, always gloomy and morose, who boded evil wherever they went. His guide advised him to have nothing to say to these, but with some of the red and brown he was admitted to converse: he found them pleasant and sociable, and ready enough to communicate their ideas. Some asked him questions, too, about various matters which seemed to have puzzled them in their peregrinations on earth, while others, who had never been outside their own habitations, had other inquiries to make--but some there were also who had no curiosity on the subject, but rather contempt; and one thing that amused the Jaeger in them was their incapacity to conceive many of the things he had to tell them, and particularly to understand what he could mean when he talked about death. Chiefly to keep the spiteful freaks of the black-caps in check there was a guard of warrior dwarfs, whose array was shown to our Jaeger. Formidable they must have been, for the armour of each was made out of one diamond, and they wore helmets and greaves and shields all of diamonds, and while they were thus impervious to every attack, their swords were of diamond too, and resistless therefore in their thrusts. The Jaeger could not restrain his raptures at their gorgeous show, as the colours of the gems around were reflected in this shining armour. The dwarf had nothing left to show after this, but then stood and sighed over the glories of the past. "And what were the glories of the past?" inquired the Jaeger, with intense interest. The dwarf watched his interlocutor closely, and satisfied himself that his interest was not feigned. Then he paused long, as hesitating whether to unburden himself to a stranger of the sad thoughts which crowded into and oppressed his mind. A few words of sympathy, however, decided him at last "Yes, we still have some power and some riches left, and some of our ancient strength, but we have lost our kings, the kernel of our strength. It is true, we are able to surprise you with isolated exhibitions of riches and power, but, on the whole, your people has got the better of ours; and since your heroes of old destroyed the last of our royal race, we have been a doomed, disorganized, dwindling race, fast disappearing from our ancient fastnesses." "And how happened it that our people got the better of yours? How did our heroes destroy your royal race? I pray you tell me." The dwarf led

We all know our Elsas from our Ariels, our Prince Erics from our Flynn Riders. But what about the unsung heroes of our childhoods? The little critters, hiding away in the background, often helping our heroes achieve their goals are just as important as our Princess pals. Disney would feel pretty empty without its sidekicks; so here at Screen Streams I thought I'd show them some much needed love. The Wardrobe / Beauty and the Beast I mean, just look at her! I wish I could crush all of my enemies like that, what a woman. She looks after poor, scared Belle when she first arrives at the cursed castle, and always speaks in soft, gentle tones. The Wardrobe was also once an opera singer, pre-curse, which makes her even more of a badass. In the battle for the castle she stands her ground, attacking the villagers with her drawers (quite literally), and fighting alongside her friends. Being a villager-crushing, opera-singing, badass human-turned-wardrobe is more than enough to win me over. The Muses / Hercules For starters, just look at that amaaaaazing choreography. Britney who? The Muses narrate the tale of Hercules, complete with energetic dance numbers and sick vocals. They inject some spice and sass into the movie, and it pops because of it. They're five goddesses, each representing poetry, comedy, history, dance and tragedy. With their amazing songs, I'm super happy they kicked the old narrator to the curb and told the tale of Hercules in their own way. You go, girls. Maleficent's Raven (Diablo) / Sleeping Beauty Look at that mischievous glint in his eye! Maleficent's raven, Diablo, is a pivotal player in 'Sleeping Beauty' (one of the best Disney movies OF ALL TIME, fight me), helping Maleficent fulfil her evil schemes. His cawing during his battle with Merryweather will forever be embedded into my brain. With a name that literally means the Devil in Spanish, Diablo is just as evil as his mistress. He also gave us that iconic, dramatic gasp when Maleficent discovered he'd been turned to stone by those pesky, pesky fairies. I think he may be my fave villain sidekick of all time. Who knows, maybe one day I'll write a whole post about our weirdly lovable evil Disney lackeys. The Carpet / Aladdin Oh, just look at him picking up Abu's little hat. He's so cuuuuute! Honestly, I never thought I'd be so attached to a cartoon carpet before, but hey, here we are. The animators did a sick job inputting such a vast amount of emotion into something that doesn't even have a face, so props to them. We also wouldn't have had 'A Whole New World' if it wasn't for the Carpet, so thanks buddy! Flounder / The Little Mermaid Ariel wouldn't have got very far without her fishy BFF. While he was a bit of a guppy (yup, I said it), he still faces his fears and follows through to be there for his mermaid pal. He's pretty much the opposite to Ariel – riddled with anxiety, uncomfortable with adventure – but that's what makes him such a good friend – he ventures out of his comfort zone to help his mermaid pal. He always journeys with Ariel, is fiercely loyal, and sticks up for her when push comes to shove. You go, little guy. Esmeralda / The Hunchback of Notre Dame See, Essy always asks the important questions. She belongs to a group of outcasts named the gypsies, and is an active humanitarian in a harsh, cruel world. She's outspoken, not afraid to stand up for what she believes in, and always looks out for those who are worse off. If only we could all be a little bit more like Esmeralda, the world would be a better place. Archimedes / The Sword in the Stone Oh, how I love this grumpy little owl. He's sarcastic, grumpy and hates mornings. Hey, it sounds like me! I can relate. Archimedes had to make the list of most underrated Disney characters, because 'The Sword in the Stone' is hella underrated as it is. He teaches Arthur all he needs to know to be the future king, so he's quite important in Arthur's tale! Plus… just look at that adorable little face. So cute. Mama Odie / The Princess and the Frog Another underrated Disney gem! 'The Princess and the Frog' is filled with amazing characters, amazing animation and amazing songs! The true highlight of the film is Mama Odie, though. She's a voodoo-practicing witch who lives in the depths of a swamp – but don't let that put you off! She's kind-natured, and tells our heroes exactly what they need to hear. Besides, 'Dig A Little Deeper' is an absolute jam of a song, so there's that. Pegasus / Hercules Yup, another 'Hercules' entry. That movie is sick – one of my faves. Oh, Pegasus, you don't get as nearly as much love as you deserve. From being a cute little baby with little Herc to beating up Pain and Panic, Pegasus is an absolute badass. Again, despite the fact that he can't talk, Disney do an amazing job filling him with personality. Also, that blue mane is absolute sick. Sigh, where's my flying, sassy, blue-maned horse?! Grandma Fa / Mulan BEEEEADS OF JADE FOR BEAAAAAUTY. Ahem. Sorry. Grandma Fa is the ultimate badass grandma in the Disney universe. She's just so damn sassy. See: "Who spit in her bean curd?" "Great, she brings home a sword, you ask me she should've brought home a man." "How lucky can they (the ancestors) be? They're dead!" "Sign me up for the next war!" Honestly, 'Mulan' is my second favourite Disney movie (right behind 'Sleeping Beauty'), and Grandma Fa is one of the main reasons for it. What a badass. The Ancestors / Mulan Speaking of 'Mulan', the ancestors don't get nearly as much love as they deserve! The scenes of them bickering amongst themselves in the afterlife about Mulan's fate is hilarious, and I just can't get enough of it. Their impromptu party at the end of the movie is one I wanna be invited to! If that's what the afterlife is like, maybe it's not so scary after all. Chef Louis / The Little Mermaid Honestly, if you haven't sang 'les poisson' and danced manically around your kitchen, have you even lived your best life? Although he's a minor a villain in 'The Little Mermaid', he still brings a delightful sense of mania to the otherwise delightful film. I mean look at him, he's so ridiculous with his long moustache, wielding his dangerous weapons. What an icon. Tantor / Tarzan Oh Tantor, a gigantic African elephant with a big heart and a deep fear for all things unhygienic. He's riddled with anxiety but, not unlike Flounder, he pulls through with courage when his friends need him, and that's what counts. While I'm talking about 'Tarzan', his pals Terk and Tarzan's mother, Kala, are all horrendously underrated, too. Throw Jane into the mix also, she's a badass. Ah, you know what, screw it: 'Tarzan' as a whole is so underrated it's practically criminal. Jim Hawkins / Treasure Planet One day I will get over my love for 'Treasure Planet'. Today is not that day. Jim Hawkins is suuuch a sick Disney character, who has one of the most diverse character arcs. He goes from emo, bad guy, emotionally unavailable teenager to a happy, confident hero. Journeying to the fabled treasure planet to find riches to help himself and his mother is an honourable cause in any case, but he does it with swag, charisma, sarcasm and charm. He's definitely one of the top men of Disney, for sure. Besides, that hair-do is absolute amazing. So there we have it! 14 of the most underrated Disney characters, ranging from evil ravens

hardworking, full of impossible sweetness, and only a sting of pain away. The harder he tries _not_ to think of her, of her sweetness, of her sweet mouth, of all the parts of her that are infinitely, unbearably fragrant with the scent of her, the less he is able to stop himself. He slaps away another stinging bee. This idea to gather honeycombs came to him in a heady rush, as though he had tilted his head back and swallowed a rich, golden mead—it left him dizzy and elated. Something soft and sweet for her. Something to remind her he is more than just Alexander's right-hand man, more than a soldier, more than a fling. To show her he is steady and that she can trust him, that he's not going anywhere. Of course, however, he _has_ gone somewhere. He has ridden so far from their camp, in fact, that it takes him the better part of the morning to find his way back, and by the time he does, his victory over the bees seems to have intoxicated him completely. In fact, he is light-headed with victory. Something isn't right. He is _too_ light-headed, he realizes, as he dismounts, stumbling into Kat's—the "king's"—tent. The world tips around him, the basket falls from his arm, and he collapses onto all fours like a dog. He is sick—somehow his desire for her has driven him to madness. That must be it! No, that's nonsense. He must have a fever. Heatstroke. He was stung many times—could that be it?—but bee stings never bothered him before. "Heph!" He feels her long hair tickle his face, and from deep within him, a demented laugh bursts out. "He's drunk, the fool," Jacob growls. Heph hates Jacob, his too-broad shoulders, his too-wide smile. "It's not yet noon. Heph doesn't drink unwatered wine in the morning," Kat says, her voice tight with worry. Heph rolls onto his back, heavy and helpless. "Then explain this," Jacob says. Heph would like to explain it with his fists, but he can't seem to sit up. A thin boy's voice cuts into the dimness of his mind. "Is he sick? Egyptian priests can heal him." Arridheus. Cool hands touch his face. "Heph," Kat whispers. He half opens his eyes, and her face goes in and out of focus. "What happened?" He gestures to the basket he dragged in with him, now on the floor. "Honeycombs. I was in the woods and found so many honeycombs. I brought you some, Alexander." He chuckles and closes his heavy eyelids. "Don't touch it, Arridheus!" Kat commands. A bee lifts out of the basket, hovering nearby. Heph shudders, suddenly cold. "Hold on," Kat whispers, and then goes quiet. Heph wants to know what she's doing but he cannot keep his eyes open or his mind working, and gradually his world goes dark. * * * When he rises into consciousness through the pounding of his head sometime later, orange light slants through the tent flaps and glints off Kat's golden breastplate. She sits beside him on her bed, dabbing his forehead with mint water. Outside, he hears men issue orders, horses whinny, carts creak and roll by. Is the army moving camp? At this hour? "What happened?" he asks, his voice a raspy whisper. "Our salvation, I think," she replies, "even though it comes at the cost of a splitting headache." A cup of cool water meets his lips. He drinks greedily. "The honey..." he says, wiping his chin. "Yes, the honey. It took me a while to sift through the bee's mind—hectic and...and frenzied. But then I saw what he was after. The pollen from a flower with a beautiful purple bloom." Heph rises to his elbows, and the world swings heavily to one side. He slips back down onto his back and groans. "I think their honey is highly intoxicating to humans." She wrings out the cloth in a basin. "Though the bees themselves have gotten used to it." He opens his eyes again. He needs to get up, but somehow his body doesn't follow his instructions. Why is Kat talking about bees? They have to craft a strategy to battle the Persians camped just a few miles away. After the battle of the Granicus River, their army was left unmolested as they marched east along the Royal Road. And now, only half a day's march from the city of Gordium, their scouts have told them that the Third Persian Cohort waits just ahead, blocking their path. A man's voice just outside the tent calls out. "We'll pack King Alexander's tent soon, Kaunos! We're just waiting for his signal. Bring the cart around." "Are we breaking camp?" he croaks. "Moving ahead? I thought the Persians were blocking our path." "We're retreating." Retreating? His head throbs. "Why?" "Listen, Heph. I instructed the bees to vacate the hives." "Instructed?" He knows better than to question her. "Coaxed. They will do it." There's confidence in her voice. Her magic has evolved, even since their time on Meninx. "Jacob has already led the men to collect the honey. Hundreds of baskets, Heph. The entire Cimmerian forest was filled with hives." "I know," he says, his throat dry as a husk. "But why gather the honey when it is obviously poisonous?" "We gathered the honey _because_ it is poisonous," she says. Of course. Now he feels like a bigger idiot than before. "Not lethal, but highly intoxicating. As if you had drunk several oenochoes of wine." "I can attest to that." "So we're retreating a couple of miles, leaving behind half the tents, some of the treasure, and all the food..." "Including the honey," he fills in. "Exactly. The Persian army will think we became afraid and ran off. After they've gorged themselves on our leftovers, that's when we come in for attack." She tucks her helmet against her side and rises. Heph forces himself to a seated position. His vision swirls, then steadies. Her shining green eyes bore into him. The last rays of the sun strike her golden-brown hair, setting it alight, setting his heart to pounding. "Beautiful," he says, appreciatively, though he is not sure if he is talking about Kat's plan or Kat herself or, most likely, both. * * * The next morning, as dawn brightens and warms the sky, Heph and the Greek army edge their horses back toward the very camp they vacated only yesterday. The sounds of laughter and singing echo from the site, long before it comes into view. Someone is banging a drum; others play flutes. As the advance force approaches, he sees Persian soldiers, who have thrown off their armor, doing cartwheels and somersaults. Several dance wild jigs. Many have passed out among the tents. There must be hundreds of them acting like drunken buffoons at a wedding. The honey has worked its magic. Kat, in Alexander's golden armor, sits low on Bucephalus. "What's wrong?" He tries to gentle his voice, as if approaching a skittish horse. "Don't you see? Your plan is working." "Yes," she whispers, but there is no victory in her voice. Finally, she looks at him. "I thought coming here had cured me of...of this darkness. But now, seeing those men... Knowing what's going to happen... How can we fight them like this? It will be like slaughtering lambs in a pen. It's not fair somehow." Heph frowns. What is she talking about? Wasn't this the whole point of their strategy? "Yes...my lord," he says carefully. "But they would gladly slaughter _us_ if they could. This is, after all, a _war_." Jacob, on the other side of Kat, looks at her with compassion in his eyes. "We must crush this army before Artaxerxes comes with his much larger one. If they join up, we will have no hope, and we will all be massacred. Your sadness—that...that darkness you speak of. It, too, will pass, Kat." Heph doesn't understand what sadness Kat is talking about, nor why this girl who reveled

the Junction Square shopping centre, the child-friendly Novotel Yangon Max... CHATRIUM HOTEL The hotel is centrally located in the appealing, quiet north side of Kandawgyi Lake (Royal Lake). The international airport is around... BEST WESTERN GREEN HILL HOTEL The hotel is centrally located in the attractive, quiet north side of Kandawgyi Lake (Royal Lake). The international airport is around... ROSE GARDEN HOTEL 50 minutes from Yangon International Airport and situated by the zoo, this 3-star hotel was opened in 2013. Both the Shwedagon and the... Ideally located for business or private stays in the heart of Yangon, the hotel offers a spectacular view of the Shwedagon Pagoda, the... ALAMANDA INN In Golden Valley, in the quiet and green township of Yangon, the Alamanda Inn welcomes you to this relaxed and charming post-colonial... SUMMIT PARKVIEW This attractive hotel, rated in the moderate category, is very close to the Shwedagon Pagoda; the National Museum is only a few... PARKROYAL HOTEL This hotel in the centre of Yangon is only a few minutes' walk from the Shwedagon Pagoda, the Scott Market and the main station... ALFA HOTEL The hotel is directly in the centre of the city. The transfer time from Yangon Airport is around 40 minutes. Both the Shwedagon and... Right in the heart of the city – in the immediate vicinity of the Sule Pagoda and the Scott Market. Restaurants, shops and... PANORAMA HOTEL The 10-storey Panorama Hotel is right in the city centre. You can easily reach the main business, finance and shopping centres on foot... ASIA PLAZA HOTEL The 16-storey Asia Plaza Hotel is located directly in the centre of the city. You can easily reach the main business, finance and... SULE SHANGRI-LA HOTEL Right in the heart of the city - in the immediate vicinity of the Sule Pagoda and the Scott Market. Restaurants, shops and cinemas are... EAST HOTEL Directly in the colonial heart of Yangon on Strand Road, near the harbour, the Strand Hotel is just 10 minutes on foot from the Sule... Street Food at China Town There are a lot of street food options to choose from in Yangon. For the budget minded and the adventurous, the downtown area has a wide variety of street food to tempt you. It is quite cheap, and most of it is quite good. You can take your order back to your hotel, or you can sit at the chairs and tables on the sidewalk. Here you will find some of the best-tasting beef, pork, chicken, and fish curries in the city. China Town is an area teaming with food and for many the best starting point for exploration is 19th street where you'll find vendor after vendor of charcoal grills, cooking all sorts of meats, veg and marinades from shop house barbecue restaurants. This is the place to go for street food in Yangon; outside seating, bustling local life and a boozy night scene. 19th Street connects between the Maha Bandula Road and Anawratha Road in the vibrant China Town area. Aung Thukha Myanmar Restaurant This is the type of place where the locals go to eat. The flavorful curries include pork, fish, beef, chicken, goat, duck, and prawn. With the meal you get rice, soup, vegetables, peanuts, palm sugar candy, dessert, and tea. Plus you get free curry refills! Not much English spoken, but try it for a real Myanmar food experience. Opening Hours: from 08:00 - 21:00 Address: 17-A 1st Street, West Shwegondine, Bahan Township (just south of Thai Kitchen) Tel: 525194 Hla Myanmar Restaurant The Hla Myanmar restaurant lies not very far from the Shwedagon Pagoda and is thus ideal for a lunch during or after the temple attendance. The many native guests witness from the large popularity of the various curry dishes. Try the fresh shrimps. Opening Hours: 09:00 – 19:30 Address: No (27), 5 Street, West Shwe Gone Daing Road, Bahan Township Feel Restaurant This indoor/outdoor canteen-style cafe near the National Museum has a loyal following among white-collar workers. It's a scene of organized chaos during lunchtime yet somehow everyone gets served what they order and quickly at that. There's a choice of around 30 traditional Myanmar dishes laid out in steel serving trays on a counter: meat curries, fish and seafood, salads, rice noodles with sauces that range from delicate to mouth-numbingly hot. Prices are per dish with friendly waiters to explain what's what and help you choose. There's a range of fresh fruit juices too. I think it's a great introduction to Myanmar cooking for newcomers. Go before 12.15pm or after 2pm to miss the lunchtime crush. Address: 124 Pyidaungsu Yeiktha Street (just around the corner from the National Museum) Min Lann Seafood Restaurant The Min Lann seafood restaurant in Kamayut Township, is a local favorite. They serve lobster, fried soft shell crab, and tiger prawns prepared Rakhine-style on an open-flame grill. The spicy rice is, well, spicy! Those wary of heat and those who are not adventurous eaters should beware: The fresh green chili sauce is blazing, if easily quenched by local Myanmar suds. Address: No(45), Corner of Baho & Khittar Street, Sanchaung Township Mobile: 094312 5152 The House of Memories is not just a piano bar and restaurant, but a living museum, housed in a building that played an important part in the country's history. The 175-year-old building was once used as the headquarters for Myanmar' independence movement, and still contains historical artefacts from those days. The main attraction is General Aung San's secret office, complete with his typewriter, desk and chair. Not only that; the building still conjures up memories of its time as a family home, with memorabilia of the Nath family on display, and a distinctly warm and welcoming feel. The food is of a high quality, with a selection of Myanmar, Chinese and Western food, with many types of rice dishes to choose from. In the evening, try one of the highly recommended cocktails while relaxing to the gentle tones of live piano music. Address: 290, U Wizara Road, Kamaryut Township Tel: 525195 / 534242 Green Elephant Restaurant (9 Miles) The outpost of Green Elephant at 33 Thirimingalar Lane (Attia Road) in Kamayut Township is housed in a colonial mansion. Sit in the garden under a canopy and order local delectable like coconut rice, pork with red curry paste, lophet thake, and lentil soup. You'll quickly note that rice (t'ămìn) is served with every meal. It's at the forefront of the national diet. Address: No (2), Aung Thu Kha Street, 9 Miles, Pyay Road, Mayangone Township Padonmar Restaurant There are two separate kitchens; one is for Myanmar food with the top Myanmar chefs who produce not only the traditional taste but also for health conscious clientele by not using too much oil and no M.S.G. at all. The Thai kitchen is fully staffed with experienced chefs. "Padonmar" offers high quality traditional Myanmar and Thai cuisines. The building is an elegant 50-year-old house, decorated with gold-leaf wood carvings and festooned with colorful paper lanterns. The main restaurant consists of a hut and garden area, which has a wonderful atmosphere. Upstairs there are four dining rooms, all lavishly decorated with scenes from Burma's golden age. Address: No 10/107, Kanyapyin Street, Dagon Township (Near Governor's Residence) Monsoon Restaurant and Bar Situated in downtown, Monsoon Restaurant is a good place to sample a range of Southeast Asian cuisine. Set in a spacious colonial townhouse, with mustard-colored walls, this restaurant is popular with locals, expats and tourists alike. To sample the best of Myanmar cuisine, pick the aromatic and creamy wether acho chet – pork in a sweet curry sauce. In addition to traditional Myanmar fare, Monsoon offers dishes from Thailand, Vietnam, Cambodia and Laos, as well as great coffees and desserts. Add to that a laid-back atmosphere and friendly staff, and you are guaranteed a great all-round experience. Address: 85–87 Thinbyu Road (lower block), Botataung Township Signature - The Fine Dining and The Garden Bistro Located at the south west corner of Kandawgyi Park and

Instability in Moldova is typically explained away by geopolitics, with the country positioned on a rift between the west and Russia.(c) Roveliu Buga AP/Press Association Images. All rights reserved.This Sunday, Moldovans elect a new president. According to opinion polls, Igor Dodon, leader of the Party of Socialists and a proponent of restoring close ties to Moscow, is in the lead. The second favourite is Maia Sandu, leader of the pro-western Action and Solidarity party. Dodon's slogan is that "Moldova has a future!" He aims to strengthen Moldova's statehood by fighting unionism (that is to say, the idea of Moldova joining neighbouring Romania, to which it once belonged). The socialist candidate also promises to build a stable and socially just economy, as well as friendlier relations with Russia and defence of Orthodox christianity. In the latest Barometer of Public Opinion, a survey carried out by the Institute of Public Policy on 20 October, Dodon's rating stood at 27%. Maia Sandu, for her part, is more blunt in her promises. "I choose victory" reads the slogan on her campaign posters, "victory over poverty, corruption, and oligarchs". These words can only be seen in her party's headquarters. Action and Solidarity was only registered with Moldova's ministry of justice as a political party a few months prior to the elections. It exists solely thanks to donations, and as such the party hasn't been throwing money at advertising campaigns. According to the Barometer of Public Opinion, Sandu's rating is just 19.3%. However, it's important to note that this survey was carried out between 6 and 16 October. On 15 October Andrei Năstase, chairman of the Dignity and Truth Platform (another pro-European, anti-corruption party), announced his withdrawal from the contest in favour of Maia Sandu. On 16 October, Marian Lupu, the candidate of Moldova's ruling Democratic Party, followed suit. Lupu declared that this could give Sandu the chance of beating Dodon in a second round. I set off for the central bus station and market in the capital of Chișinău, to get a sense of the public mood. Most voters are waiting impatiently for Sunday's elections, and talk about Dodon and Sandu far more than any of the other candidates. People are hungry for change, and they feel that Dodon or Sandu will bring it — though that doesn't mean that everybody can explain their choice of candidate. As she waits for her bus Nina, a 65 year-old pensioner from the Telenești region, tells me that while she's curious about the election, "people don't trust anybody anymore". Like many Moldovans, Nina's disillusioned with the country's political elite. "We were once enthusiastic about elections," she says, "but these days, politicians don't care that people have come and cast a vote for them; they don't understand that they have to do something of value [for the electorate]." January 2016: Igor Dodon confers during the January political crisis. (c) AP Photo/Vadim Ghirda. All rights reserved.Nina wants an efficient manager in charge of the country. "We need a president who will care about our wages and pensions," she says. "My monthly pension is 1,000 Leu [£41]. I worked as a cook in a local canteen for 40 years. I'd get up at four in the morning every day, and that's the pension I get." Of the nine candidates on offer this Sunday, she's voting for Igor Dodon. "People have a little trust left for him. Perhaps, God willing, we'll have a president with a soul, somebody kind and compassionate. Somebody who'll open their door to everybody and listen to their problems. I don't want somebody distant from the people, who drives around in a convoy of ten cars, surrounded by security." "Whatever happens, I just don't want Dodon," says Yevgeny, 31, a minibus driver from Orhei. "He was with the communists — he's a traitor! I don't trust him. He stole a lot when he was the minister of the economy [ed. from 2006-2009]. How much exactly is anybody's guess," he sighs. Yevgeny is casting his lot with Maia Sandu, who he knows was educated at the Academy of Economic Studies, and even went on to graduate from Harvard. "I see a leader in her. She's a smart woman." The young man fears that if Dodon wins, Moldova will lose its visa-free regime with the EU, which was implemented in 2014. "What happens if he wins? Are we then only to travel to Russia? We have a visa-free agreement with the EU – that's a big plus! We needn't sit in this hole any longer," says Yevgeny. He admits that he's not waiting so much for Sunday's elections as for the results on Monday. Not far from Yevgeny's minibus sits Vitalie, selling nuts. He'll certainly go and vote, but won't tell me who for: "That's a secret". Vitalie believes that Moldova will see some big changes, and needs a president who will tackle corruption. That, he reflects, is the country's most pressing problem. Alla has come from Anenii Noi district, and also plans to go and vote – but in order to spoil her ballot. "I'm going to put a cross against everybody and everything. Why should I vote for anybody? They're all thieves! I don't know who to choose", says Alla, 45, who has to care for her disabled husband. His monthly benefit payment is never more than 200 Leu (£8.20). The old way of doing things Moldova returned to direct presidential elections following a decision by the constitutional court. In March 2016, the court overturned amendments to the country's constitution, which were passed in 2000. Prior to this, presidential candidates were elected by the country's parliamentary deputies, and required at least three fifths of their votes to win (meaning 61 of the 101 deputies). A return to direct presidential elections was one of the demands made by the opposition following mass protests in January 2016. The constitutional court's decision allowed the Moldovan authorities to placate the protest movement against the "Plahotniuc regime". While the oligarch Vladimir Plahotniuc is officially only the vice chairman of the ruling Democratic Party, analysts call him the most powerful man in Moldova. Furthermore, in returning to direct presidential elections, the authorities have avoided another political crisis similar to the situation in March 2016, when the mandate of president Nicolae Timofti expired. Curiously, Dodon, Lupu and Sandu are all "people of the system" to varying degrees. The first two were in the top echelons of power during the Communist Party's government between 2001 and 2009. Their "divorce" from the Communist Party is directly linked to the political crises the country experienced. Maia Sandu. MaxoDrive / Realitatea TV / YouTube.Following the parliamentary elections of 2009, the Communist Party was represented by some 60 parliamentary deputies. As such, they were missing just one candidate to be able to elect a president from among their ranks. Two attempts to elect a president failed, and as the constitution permitted, parliament was then dissolved. After these failures, Marian Lupu, who had served as minister of the economy (from 2003 to 2005) and speaker of parliament (between 2005 and 2006), unexpectedly left the Communist Party and joined the Democratic Party, which immediately elected him as its chairman. It later became known that the Democratic Party was being financed by a certain Vladimir Plahotniuc, a relatively unknown businessman from the inner circle of Communist Party leader Vladimir Voronin. From 2005 to 2009, Igor Dodon was Moldova's minister of the economy. He left the Communist Party in November 2011, and after a month had become leader of the Party of Socialists. A few months later on 16 March 2012, the "Dodon group" voted in Nicolae Timofti as president, a figure largely unknown to Moldovans. Having elected a head of state thanks to this circle of politicians, the Moldovan authorities averted

liquor), chew coca and dance until dawn at celebrations that take place on fall and spring equinox, when the rays of the rising sun shine through the temple entrance on the eastern side of Kalasasaya. The big event happens on June 21, when as many as 5000 people, including a large contingent of New Agers, arrive from all over the world. Artisans hold crafts fairs to coincide with the annual celebrations. Celebration of Aymará New Year | WIN-INITIATIVE / GETTY IMAGES © oDid You Know? Nobody knows why Tiwanaku's population disappeared by 1200, though most archaeologists point to climate change as the likely cause of the civilization's rapid decline. Central La Paz 1Sights 1Calle Jaén MuseumsE2 Casa de Murillo(see 1) 2Catedral MetropolitanaF4 3Iglesia de San FranciscoE4 4Mercado de las BrujasD5 5Mercado NegroC5 Museo Costumbrista Juan de Vargas(see 1) 6Museo de Etnografía y FolkloreF4 Museo de Metales Preciosos(see 1) Museo del Litoral(see 1) 7Museo Nacional del ArteF4 2Activities, Courses & Tours Climbing South America(see 8) 8Gravity Assisted Mountain BikingD5 9HanaqPacha TravelE3 5Eating 10Ali PachaG5 11Mercado CamachoG6 12Mercado LanzaD3 13Mercado UruguayA5 14Popular Cocina BolivianaD4 6Drinking & Nightlife 15Hb Bronze CoffeebarH5 3Entertainment 16JallallaE3 17Peña HuariD5 18Peña JamuyC5 1Sights Calle Jaén MuseumsMuseum (map Google map; Calle Jaén, Casco Viejo; 4 museums B$20; h9am-12:30pm & 3-7pm Tue-Fri, 9am-1pm Sat & Sun) La Paz's best-preserved colonial street is home to four small museums. They are all clustered together and can generally be bundled into one visit. Buy tickets at the Museo Costumbrista (map; cnr Jaén & Sucre; h9am-12:30pm & 3-7pm Tue-Fri, 9am-1pm Sat & Sun) and continue to the Museo de Metales Preciosos (map Google map; Museum of Precious Metals; Jaén 777; h9am-12:30pm & 3-7pm Tue-Fri, 9am-1pm Sat & Sun), Museo del Litoral (map Google map; Museo de la Guerra del Pacífico; Jaén 798; h9am-12:30pm & 3-7pm Tue-Fri, 9am-1pm Sat & Sun) and Casa de Murillo (map Google map; Jaén 790; h9am-12:30pm & 3-7pm Tue-Fri, 9am-1pm Sat & Sun). Museo de Etnografía y FolkloreMuseum (map Google map; Ethnography & Folklore Museum; %240-8640; www.musef.org.bo; cnr Ingavi & Sanjinés, Casco Viejo; B$20, with photography B$40; h9am-12:30pm & 3-7pm Mon-Fri, 9am-4:30 Sat, 9am-12:30pm Sun) Anthropology buffs should check out this museum, one of the city's best. The building, itself a real treasure, was constructed in 1720 and was once the home of the Marqués de Villaverde. Highlights include an awe-inspiring collection of ritualistic masks and an exhibition of stunning weavings from around the country. A guided tour is available by calling ahead. Mountain biking on Yungas Road | FILROM / GETTY IMAGES © Museo Nacional del ArteMuseum (map Google map; National Art Museum; www.facebook.com/museonacionaldeartebolivia; cnr Comercio & Socabaya, Casco Viejo; B$20; h9:30am-12:30pm & 3-7pm Tue-Fri, 10am-5:30pm Sat, 10am-1:30pm Sun) This colonial building was constructed in 1775 of pink sandstone and has been restored to its original grandeur, in _mestizo_ (mixed) baroque and Andino baroque styles. In the center of a huge courtyard, surrounded by three stories of pillared corridors, there is a lovely alabaster fountain. The various levels are dedicated to different eras, with an emphasis on religious themes. Catedral MetropolitanaCathedral (map Google map; Plaza Murillo, Casco Viejo) Although it's a relatively recent addition to La Paz's religious structures, the 1835 cathedral is impressive – mostly because it is built on a steep hillside. The main entrance is 12m higher than its base on Calle Potosí. The cathedral's sheer immensity, with its high dome, hulking columns, thick stone walls and high ceilings, is overpowering, but the altar is relatively simple. Iglesia de San FranciscoChurch (map Google map; Plaza San Francisco, Rosario) The hewed stone basilica of San Francisco was founded in 1548 by Fray Francisco de los Ángeles. The original structure collapsed under heavy snowfall around 1610, but it was rebuilt between 1743 and 1772. The second building is made of stone quarried at nearby Viacha. The facade is decorated with carvings of natural themes such as _chirimoyas_ (custard apples), pine cones and tropical birds. SopocachiArea (map Google map) Sopocachi has some of La Paz' best restaurants and nightspots. You can spend a few hours people-watching on **Plaza Eduardo Avaroa** , before hoofing up to the wonderful views from **Montículo Park**. Mi Teleférico At 30km-long and growing, Mi Teleférico (Aerial Cable Car System; www.miteleferico.bo; ticket B$3, plus B$2 per line transfer; h6am-11pm Mon-Sat, 7am-9pm Sun) is easily the world's longest aerial cable-car system. Riders can hop between lines for an additional B$2 per segment (pay in advance), creating endless combinations of ways to travel across the city. One popular trip takes you from the Zona Sur to El Alto via the yellow and green lines. The thrill of riding above La Paz' swirling traffic and deep canyons is undeniably cool. There's more than enough time to cruise down from the center to the Zona Sur for lunch or dinner, and back. Not for the faint of heart. SAIKO3P / GETTY IMAGES © TTours La Paz on FootEcotour (map Google map; %cell 7154-3918; www.lapazonfoot.com; Av Ecuador 2022, Sopocachi; h10:30am-6:30pm Mon-Fri) This tip-top operation, run by the passionate English-speaking ecologist Stephen Taranto, offers a range of activities, including walks in and around La Paz, Apolobamba, the Yungas, Chulumani, Madidi and Titicaca. The interactive La Paz urban treks (half-day or full-day, fee depending on group size) venture from the heights of El Alto to the depths of the historic center. Gravity Assisted Mountain BikingMountain Biking (map Google map; %231-0218, cell 7721-9634; www.gravitybolivia.com; Linares 940, Rosario; h9am-7pm Mon-Fri, 10am-3pm Sat, 2-6pm Sun) This knowledgeable, highly regarded and professional outfit has an excellent reputation among travelers and tip-top Kona downhill bikes. Their Dangerous Road Trip (B$850 per person) ends with hot showers, an all-you-can-eat buffet and an optional tour of the Senda Verde animal refuge (www.sendaverde.org; Yolosa; B$100, bear visit extra B$20; h10am-4pm). Climbing South AmericaClimbing (map Google map; %cell 7190-3534; www.climbingsouthamerica.com; Linares 940, 2nd fl, Rosario; h9am-6:30pm Mon-Fri, 10am-3pm Sat) A reputable English-speaking operator for climbing, mountaineering and trekking in the nearby mountains. Also sells great topography and trekking maps. HanaqPacha TravelTours (map Google map; %cell 6980-3602; www.hanaqpachatravel.com; Jaén 765, Casco Viejo; h9am-6:30pm) Runs recommended daily tours to El Alto (B$140) to step inside the prismatic _cholets_ of Aymará architect Freddy Mamani. Also has a daily Tastes of Bolivia tour (B$140) to learn about typical food. Uyuni, Tiwanaku and Rurrenabaque are the focus of longer tours. 7Shopping WalisumaArts & Crafts (www.facebook.com/walisuma.org; Aliaga 1231, San Miguel; h10am-8pm Mon-Fri, to 7pm Sat) S For a one-of-a-kind souvenir head to Walisuma, which works with 59 Bolivian artisans. Star items include gorgeous (and ultrasoft) alpaca and vicuña textiles made with natural dyes. There are also quinoa soaps, flavored Uyuni salts and designer sweaters. Prices match the quality. Bolivian Peñas Typical of La Paz (and most of Bolivia) are folk-music venues known as _peñas_. These present traditional Andean music, rendered on _zampoñas_ (pan flutes), _quenas_ (cane flute) and _charangos_ (ukulele-style instrument) _,_ as well as guitar shows and song recitals. Most shows happen on Friday and Saturday nights, starting at 9pm or 10pm and running into the wee hours. Jallalla (map Google map; Indaburo 710, cnr Jaén, Casco Viejo; cover incl cocktail B$30-70; h9pm-1am Tue, Thu, Fri & Sat) Just above the Mamani Mamani Gallery, this is one art-filled _peña_ you won't want to miss. The top-tier live music goes nicely with authentic Bolivian tapas and creative cocktails. Peña Huari (map Google map; %231-6225; Sagárnaga 339, Rosario; cover B$105; hshow 8pm) The city's best-known _peña_ draws tourists and Bolivian business-people. The attached restaurant specializes in Bolivian fare. Peña Jamuy (map Google map; %cell 7676-7817; www.facebook.com/jamuybolivia; Max Paredes, near Sagárnaga, Rosario; cover B$25-50; h9pm-7am Fri & Sat) Locals flock to this fun two-story Andean-themed venue. It hosts all-night ragers each weekend. Dancers at Peña Huari | BRENT WINEBRENNER / GETTY IMAGES © 5Eating Namas TéVegetarian $ (www.namastebolivia.com; Zoilo Flores 1334, San Pedro; mains B$12-30; h8:30am-7pm Mon-Fri, to 4pm Sat; v) Tea lovers take note: the tea menu at this lovable lime-green veggie restaurant is a staggering four pages long! There's also plenty of quinoa in all forms (falafel, soup, tabbouleh salad) and even a raved-about tofu pad thai. Smoothies, juices and sandwiches round out the well-priced menu. Los QñapésBolivian $ (www.facebook.com/losqnapes; René Moreno

Posts Tagged 'THE LIFE AND DEATH OF ADOLF HITLER (BOOK)' 2016 PRESIDENTIAL CAMPAIGN, ABC NEWS, ADOLF HITLER, ALTERNET, AMERICABLOG, AP, BABY BOOMER RESISTANCE, BARACK OBAMA, BBC, BLOOMBERG NEWS, BURT LANCASTER, BUZZFEED, CBS NEWS, CIA, CNN, CONCENTRATION CAMPS, CROOKS AND LIARS, DACHAU, DAILY KOZ, DAVID BROOKS, DEMOCRATS, DONALD TRUMP, FACEBOOK, FBI, FEDERAL GOVERNMENT SHUTDOWN, FIVETHIRTYEIGHT, FREEDOM OF THE PRESS, HARPER'S MAGAZINE, HUFFINGTON POST, IMMIGRATION AND CUSTOMS ENFORCEMENT (ICE), JAMES COMEY, JAMES ROBART, JEWS, JUDGMENT AT NUREMBERG, KIM JONG-UN, LYING, MEDIA MATTERS, MOTHER JONES, MOVEON, MSNBC, NATIONAL SECURITY AGENCY, NAZI GERMANY, NBC NEWS, NEW REPUBLIC, NEWSDAY, NEWSWEEK, NORTH KOREA, NPR, PBS NEWSHOUR, POLITICO, POLITICUSUSA, RACISM, RAW STORY, REPUBLICANS, REUTERS, ROBERT PAYNE, ROBERT S. MUELLER, RUSSIA, SALON, SEATTLE TIMES, SLATE, SPENCER TRACY, TALKING POINTS MEMO, THE ATLANTIC, THE CHICAGO SUN-TIMES, THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE, THE DAILY BEAST, THE DAILY BLOG, THE GUARDIAN, THE HILL, THE HUFFINGTON POST, THE LIFE AND DEATH OF ADOLF HITLER (BOOK), THE LOS ANGELES TIMES, THE NATION, THE NEW REPUBLIC, THE NEW YORK TIMES, THE NEW YORKER, THE VILLAGE VOICE, THE WASHINGTON POST, THINKPROGRESS, TIME, TRUTHDIG, TRUTHOUT, TWITTER, TWO POLITICAL JUNKIES, U.S. NEWS & WORLD REPORT, UPI, USA TODAY, VLADIMIR PUTIN, WONKETTE YESTERDAY, GERMANY, TODAY, AMERICA! In Bureaucracy, History, Law, Law Enforcement, Military, Politics, Social commentary on January 7, 2022 at 12:20 am Those who have seen the classic 1960 movie, "Judgment at Nuremberg," will remember its pivotal moment. That's when Burt Lancaster, as Ernst Janning, the once distinguished German judge, confesses his guilt and that of Nazi Germany in a controlled, yet emotional, outburst. Addressing the court—presided over by Chief Judge Dan Haywood (Spencer Tracy)—Janning explains the forces that led to the triumph of evil. "My counsel would have you believe we were not aware of the concentration camps. Not aware? Where were we? "Where were we when Hitler began shrieking his hate in the Reichstag? When our neighbors were dragged out in the middle of the night to Dachau? "Where were we when every village in Germany has a railroad terminal where cattle cars were filled with children being carried off to their extermination? Where were we when they cried out in the night to us? Were we deaf? Dumb? Blind? "My counsel says we were not aware of the extermination of the millions. He would give you the excuse we were only aware of the extermination of the hundreds. Does that make us any the less guilty? "Maybe we didn't know the details, but if we didn't know, it was because we didn't want to know." It's not hard to imagine, in the future, an equally conscience-stricken member of the Donald Trump administration, standing before the bar of justice, making a similar statement: "My counsel would have you believe we were not aware of the ICE concentration camps. Not aware? Where were we? "Where were we when Trump began shrieking his hate across the country? When Trump called our free press 'the enemy of the people'? "Where were we when Trump openly praised Vladimir Putin and attacked those in the FBI, CIA and other Intelligence agencies sworn to protect us? "Where were we when the victims of Trump's hatred cried out in the night to us? Were we deaf? Dumb? Blind? "My counsel says we were not aware of Trump's treasonous collusion with Vladimir Putin—and his intention to betray American freedoms in exchange for the Presidency. He would give you the excuse we were misled by the lying rhetoric coming out of the White House. "Does that make us any the less guilty? Maybe we didn't know the details—but if we didn't know, it was because we didn't want to know." In his bestselling 1973 biography, The Life and Death of Adolf Hitler, British historian Robert Payne harshly condemned the German people for the rise of the Nazi dictator: "[They] allowed themselves to be seduced by him and came to enjoy the experience….[They] followed him with joy and enthusiasm because he gave them license to pillage and murder to their hearts' content. They were his servile accomplices, his willing victims." On November 8, 2016, millions of ignorant, hate-filled, Right-wing Americans catapulted Donald Trump—a man, charged conservative New York Times columnist David Brooks, with an "odd psychology unleavened by kindness and charity"—into the Presidency. Whereas Barack Obama, in 2008, ran for President on the slogan, "Yes, We Can!" Trump ran on the themes of fear and vindictiveness. He threatened violence not only against Democrats but even his fellow Republicans. Upon taking office in January, 2017, Trump began undermining one public or private institution after another. Repeatedly and viciously attacking the nation's free press for daring to report his growing list of crimes and disasters, calling it "the enemy of the American people." Brutally attacking American Intelligence agencies—such as the FBI, CIA and National Security Agency—which unanimously agreed that Russia had interfered with the 2016 Presidential election. Repeatedly attacking Seattle US District Judge James Robart, who halted Trump's first travel ban. Firing FBI Director James Comey for refusing to pledge his personal loyalty to Trump—and continuing to investigate Russian subversion of the 2016 election. Intending to fire Special Counsel Robert Mueller in 2017, but talked out of it by aides fearful that it would result in his impeachment. Lying so often—30,573 times in four years—he's universally distrusted, at home and abroad. Shutting down the Federal government on December 22, 2018—because Democrats refused to fund his useless "border wall" between the United States and Mexico. Furloughing an estimated 380,000 government employees and ordering another 420,000 to work without pay. This lasted until January 25, 2019, when Trump caved to public pressure. So why have Republicans almost unanimously stood by Trump despite the wreckage he has made of American foreign and domestic policy? Fear that they will lose their privileged positions in Congress if they don't. This could happen by being voted out of Congress by: Trump's fanatical base if they don't slavishly obey him; or Anti-Trump voters wanting to protect the nation from a Trump dictatorship. Future historians—if there are any—will similarly and harshly condemn those Americans who, like "good Germans," joyfully embraced a regime dedicated to: Celebrating Trump's egomania; Using the White House to further enrich Trump; Siding with Russia and North Korea against America's oldest allies, such as those in NATO; Depriving America's poor of their only source of healthcare; and Further enriching the ultra-wealthy. 2020 PRESIDENTIAL CAMPAIGN, ABC NEWS, ADAM SCHIFF, ALTERNET, AMERICABLOG, AP, ARTICLES OF IMPEACHMENT, BABY BOOMER RESISTANCE, BUZZFEED, CBS NEWS, CIA, CNN, CONVERSATION WITH AN AMERICAN WRITER (POEM), CROOKS AND LIARS, DAILY KOZ, DEMOCRATS, DONALD TRUMP, DRUDGE RETORT, EXTORTION, FACEBOOK, FIVETHIRTYEIGHT, GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTABILITY OFFICE, HARPER'S MAGAZINE, HOUSE FOREIGN AFFAIRS COMMITTEE, HOUSE INTELLIGENCE COMMITTEE, HOUSE OVERSIGHT AND REFORM COMMITTEE, HUNTER BIDEN, IMPEACHMENT, IMPOUNDMENT CONTROL ACT, JOHN ROBERTS, JOSEPH BIDEN, Kamala Harris, MEDIA MATTERS, MICK MULVANEY, MIKE PENCE, MOTHER JONES, MOVEON, MSNBC, NANCY PELOSI, NBC NEWS, NEWSWEEK, NPR, PATRICK LEAHY, PBS NEWSHOUR, POLITICO, POLITICUSUSA, RAND PAUL, RAW STORY, REPUBLICANS, REUTERS, ROBERT PAYNE, RUSSIA, SALON, SEATTLE TIMES, SLATE, TALKING POINTS MEMO, THE ATLANTIC, THE CHICAGO SUN-TIMES, THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE, THE DAILY BEAST, THE DAILY BLOG, THE GUARDIAN, THE HILL, THE HUFFINGTON POST, THE JUDICIARY, THE LIFE AND DEATH OF ADOLF HITLER (BOOK), THE LOS ANGELES TIMES, THE NATION, THE NEW REPUBLIC, THE NEW YORK TIMES, THE PRESS, THE VILLAGE VOICE, THE WASHINGTON POST, THINKPROGRESS, TIME, TREASON, TRUTHDIG, TRUTHOUT, TWITTER, TWO POLITICAL JUNKIES, U.S. NEWS & WORLD REPORT, UKRAINE, UNITED STATES HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, UNITED STATES SENATE, UPI, USA TODAY, VLADIMIR PUTIN, VOLODYMYR ZELENSKY, WHISTLEBLOWER, WHITE HOUSE BUDGET OFFICE, WONKETTE, YEVGENEY YEVTUSHENKO REPUBLICANS: "WHAT TREASON? I DON'T SEE NO STINKING TREASON"–PART THREE (END) In Bureaucracy, History, Law, Law Enforcement, Politics, Social commentary on January 29, 2021 at 12:06 am On November 3, 2020, 81,255,933 Democratic voters elected former Vice President Joseph Biden the 46th President of the United States. Donald Trump, running for a second term, got 74,196,153 votes. On January 6, 2021, Trump ordered thousands of his Stormtrumper followers to "stop the steal"—by stopping

Home Analyses KARABAKH – One Year Later KARABAKH – One Year Later BY KELLY CHAIB DE MARES AZERI OBSERVER STAFF WRITER Once the hostilities ended, many Azerbaijani refugees were so excited about the possibility of returning to their homeland that some of them risked their lives visiting the liberated territories; without considering that 30 years of military occupation not only destroyed the region but turned it into a minefield. According to a preliminary forensic analysis, the Military Prosecutor's Office estimates that $819 billion U.S. dollars worth of material damage has been caused by Armenia, including harm to infrastructure, ecology and natural resources. It has been one year since Azerbaijan won the second war on Nagorno Karabakh, and is a momentous occasion for Azerbaijanis to celebrate. Moreover, it is an opportunity to examine the progress made on the reconstruction over the liberated territories, under the scrutiny of the tripartite statement that ended after 44 days of military effort; and evaluate the role that the international community is taking to support Baku's colossal challenge of restoring the region gradually. The document signed on November 10, 2020, by Azerbaijan, Armenia, and the brokered Russia, ceased the fire and instigated the initial postconflict steps; however, it did not address all necessary matters for the full resolution of the conflict, and other issues were not detailed in-depth. That is why tension has arisen between the parties in the process of restoring the region. In President Ilham Aliyev's words, the statement is, in fact, an Armenian capitulation. Indeed, Yerevan recognised that Azerbaijan military forces retook more than 300 settlements and withdrew their troops from the remaining three occupied regions: Aghdam, Kalbajar and Lachin. Although the statement does not explicitly mention Nagorno Karabakh, the Armenians' loss of Hadrut district and the town of Shusha, may spell the end of the Autonomous Republic within the borders that were drawn in the former Soviet-era; as Thomas De Waal explained in his article published by Carnegie Europe in February. Formally, the region is now called simply 'Karabakh', as explained in an interview for Azeri Observer by Orkhan Baghirov, Leading Advisor for AIR Center (Baku-based think-tank for international relations analysis). The legal entity is divided up between different Azerbaijani districts. Since Russian troops are guaranteeing security, and some military Armenians remain there, the population and the authorities of Azerbaijan have zero tolerance for separatist symbols. Such were the cases that became a trend on social networks in September. First, the population celebrated the Azerbaijani Military Forces, stopping a bus with the flag of the territory, self-proclaimed Republic of Artsakh. Then public opinion was very upset with the documentation indicating that Iranian trucks were heading to "Stepanakert" (legally Khankandi in Azerbaijan), the de facto capital of "Artsakh". Signing the statement, in addition to the military victory, Azerbaijan has ensured political backup. The two neighbouring regional powers, Russia and Turkey, monitor the cease-fire as a guarantee to the fulfilment of the commitments made, and provide security for both Azerbaijanis and Armenians. On the ground are 1,960 Russian peacekeeping troops along the contact line in Karabakh and the Lachin Corridor. A Peacemaking Center was also created; according to the Russian newspaper, Izvestiya; the Center is located in Azerbaijani territory, in the village of Marzili, Aghdam region, only several tens of kilometres from Khankendi, Shusha and the Lachin corridor, and is operated by an equal number of troops from both countries, with surveillance drones, each side with its own equipment. On the ground are 1,960 Russian peacekeeping troops along the contact line in Karabakh and the Lachin Corridor. With the hostilities ended, Azerbaijan immediately started sovereignty acts over the recovered territories. Besides several presidential and essential actors visits, Shusha was declared the country's cultural capital and hosted the Kharibulbul music festival. Further, the Azerbaijani government continues retaliating against people who visit the Karabakh region without authorisation from the Azerbaijani migration authorities. As stated by President Aliyev, "no foreign citizen can enter that area without our permission. No international organisation except for the Red Cross can go there". The effective policy resulted in the absence, for the first time in the history of independent Armenia that the country's executive leadership did not visit Khankendi on the symbolic "Stepanakert's Independence Day" on September 2. The parties proceeded to "exchange prisoners of war, hostages and other detained persons, and dead bodies" (article 8 of the statement). According to Dr Javid Veliyev, head of foreign policy analysis from AIR Center, in its report published by Anadolu Agency last June, "Azerbaijan returned the bodies of over 1,600 Armenian soldiers and repatriated 70 prisoners of war". However, Baku keeps a significant number of Armenian soldiers detained who were captured after the Nov.10 statement, considering them as saboteurs of the cease-fire who have to appear before the local justice, while the Armenian side claims their prisoner of war status. Although it wasn't mentioned in the trilateral statement, the Azerbaijani government has prioritised mine action with the support of the U.N. and other international stakeholders. This is because mines and unexploded ordinances constitute a significant impediment to the rehabilitation of these areas. Moreover, a safe environment is needed to return internally displaced persons, the final goal of the whole process. So far, 160 Azerbaijanis have been killed or injured by mines, including two journalists and a government official in Kalbajar. At the AIR Center webinar "Second Karabakh War and Landmines", held in April, Ghulam Isaczai, former U.N. Resident Coordinator, remembered the U.N. important role in creating ANAMA in 1999, and the unconditional support ever since. Right after the cease-fire, an assessment mission by UNDP and the U.N. Mine Action Service was undertaken to the new conflict-affected district; as a result, the mission made some recommendations to address the contamination of mines and unexploded ordinances effectively. Besides, UNICEF, UNDP, UNMAS are working with the government to improve and increase awareness of mine risk and education to the broader population. To support these activities, the U.N. System "released over $1 million to ANAMA to train, equip and deploy emergency response teams to clear mines and unexploded ordnances", Mr Isaczai highlighted. Considering that successful mine clearance also depends on the availability of and access to information and data, the international community has advocated before Armenian authorities to cooperate in sharing maps of mine-infected areas. Despite Yerevan's lack of cooperation on this issue, according to the Azerbaijani Ministry of Foreign Affairs statement on the occasion of 300 days since the tripartite statement, "more than 46,486 mines and unexploded ordnances cleared from over 15.510 ha". The tension between Armenia and Azerbaijan, caused by these two critical issues, the Armenian claim on the release of prisoners and the Azerbaijani demand to get the maps of the minefields, was partially alleviated with the deal brokered by Georgia and the United States. As was announced by Azerbaijan's Ministry of Foreign Affairs on June 12, Baku released 15 Armenian detainees, while Armenia provided maps of 97,000 anti-tank and anti-personnel mines in the Aghdam region. However, it should be noted that Baku has more detainees in its possession and that it still requires maps of other territories, such as Kalbajar. The delimitation of borders was another matter the parties decided to resolve, aside from the statement. In several articles, Joshua Kucera, the Turkey/Caucasus editor at Eurasianet, explains that a border between the countries was never formally demarcated given that Yerevan took military control over the region after the collapse of the Soviet Union. Nowadays, with the liberation of the territories, more than 500 km of borderline has emerged. In the absence of any official border agreement, the best reference data comes from the Soviet era, when the disputed territories were inhabited by ethnic Azerbaijanis and were administered by the Azerbaijan SSR; thus, Baku is in an advantageous position. Tension arose because

of 10 years, which can be extended by another 5 years by making an application and by paying a fee of Rs. 2000/- to the Controller before the expiry of the initial 10-year period. The proprietor of the design may make the application for such extension even as soon as the design is registered. [63] Strategy for protection First to file rule is applicable for registrability of design. If two or more applications relating to an identical or a similar design are filed on different dates, the first application will be considered for registration of design. Therefore, the application should be filed as soon as you are ready with the design. After publication in the official gazette on payment of the prescribed fee of Rs. 500/- all registered designs are open for public inspection. Therefore, it is advisable to inspect the register of designs to determine whether the design is new or not. There is yet another important provision for ensuring that the design is different from anything published anywhere in the world. This is quite a strict condition. [64],[65] Intellectual property is a strategic asset for industry and public health. The growth of new global public-private partnerships, such as the malaria vaccine initiative, have shown that the management of an intellectual property system is essential for development of, and subsequent access to, medicines. Work, including that done by WHO Commission on Intellectual Property and innovation, also shows that the creative management of intellectual property is required to help product development and dissemination. 1. Blouin C. Trade in health goods. New Delhi: WHO SEARO meeting on trade and health; March 6-7, 2007. 2. PIRIBO. Pharmaceutical market trend: Key market forecasts and growth opportunities. London: URCH Publishing; 2007. 3. Wilbulproprasert S. Mobilization of domestic resources in developing countries. 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N Engl J Med 2007;357:1996-9. 10. Smith RD, Beaglehole R, Woodward D, Drager N. Global public goods for health: A health economic and public health perspective. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 2003. 11. Smith RD, Thorsteinsdóttir H, Daar A, Gold R, Singer P. Genomics knowledge and equity: a global public good′s perspective of the patent system. Bull World Health Organ 2004;82:385-9. 12. Schaer G. Defending interests. Public-private partnerships in WTO litigation. Washington DC: Brookings Institution Press; 2003. 13. Correa CM. Implications of bilateral free trade agreements on access to medicines. Bull World Health Organ 2006;84:399-404. 14. Oxfam International. All costs, no benefits: how TRIPS-plus intellectual property rights in the US-Jordan FTA affect access to medicines, 2007. Available from: http://www.oxfam.org/en/policy/brie. ngpapers/bp102_jordan_us_fta. [accessed on 2008 Jun 14]. 15. KEI. KEI research note 2007. Recent examples of compulsory licensing of patents. Available from: http://www.keionline.org/index.php?option=com_contentandtask=viewandid=41. [accessed on 2008 Jun 14]. 16. Federal Trade Commission. Generic drug entry prior to patent expiration, 2002. Available from: htpp://www.ftc.gov. [accessed on 2008 Jun 14]. 17. Basu S. Patents and pharmaceutical access. Z Net global economics, May 29, 2003. Available from: http://www.zmag.org. [accessed on 2008 Jun 14]. 18. Endeshaw A. Asian perspectives on post-TRIPS issues in intellectual property. J World Intellect Prop 2005;8:211-2. 19. Dzung N. Vietnam patent law. Substantive law provisions and existing uncertainties. Chicago Kent J Intellect Prop 2007;6:138-56. 20. USTR. Special 301 Report. Washington DC: Office of the United States Trade Representative,2007. Available from: http://www.ustr.gov/assets/Document_Library/Reports_Publications/2007/2007_Special_301_Review/asset_upload_. le230_11122.pdf. [accessed on 2008 Jun 14]. 21. Priapantja P. Trade secret: how does this apply to drug registration data? ASEAN Workshop on the TRIPS Agreement and its Impact on Pharmaceuticals. Department of Health and World Health Organization, May 2-4, 2000. 22. Abbott F, Correa C. World Trade Organization accession agreements: intellectual property issues. Geneva: QUNO; 2007. Available from: http://www.quno.org/geneva/pdf/economic/Issues/WTO-IP-English.pdf. [accessed on 2008 Jun 14]. 23. Commission on Intellectual Property Rights. Integrating intellectual property rights and development policy. Available from: http://www.iprcommission.org. [accessed on 2008 Jun 14]. 24. Babar ZU, Ibrahim MI, Singh H, Bukhari NI, Creese A. Evaluating drug prices, availability, affordability and pricecomponents: implications for access to drugs in Malaysia. PLoS Med 2007;4:e82. 25. Ando G. Pharma market in Malaysia grows by 11%, government outlines niche drug vision in IMP3. Boston: World Markets Research; 2006. 26. Azmi IM, Alavi R. TRIPS, patents, technology transfer, foreign direct investment and the pharmaceutical industry in Malaysia. J World Intellect Prop 2001;4:947- 74. 27. Mytad IPO, Calculations from patent statistics of Intellectual Property Corporation of Malaysia. Kuala Lumpur: Intellectual Property Corporation of Malaysia, 2008. Available from: http://www.mipc.gov.my. [accessed on 2008 Jun 14]. 28. ASEAN Secretariat. Regional report-the ASEAN-Rockefeller foundation project on intellectual property laws review and capacity building on intellectual property rights related to public health in the ASEAN region. Jakarta: ASEAN Secretariat; 2005. 29. Oh C. Compulsory licences: Recent experiences in developing countries. Int J Intellect Prop Manage 2006;1:22-36. 30. Deepti R. Malaysian firm to establish plant in India. Chem Week; 2007. p. 169. 31. WHO. Commission on intellectual property, innovation and public health. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2006. 32. Milstien J, Kaddar M. Managing the effects of TRIPS on availability of priority vaccines. Bull World Health Organ 2006;84:360-5. 33. Haakonsson SJ, Richey LA. Trips and public health: the Doha Declaration and Africa. Dev Pol Rev 2007;25:71-90. 34. Kerry VB, Lee K. TRIPS, the Doha declaration and paragraph 6 decision: What are the remaining steps for protecting access to medicines? Global Health 2007;3:3. 35. Musungu SF, Villanueva S, Blasetti R. Utilizing TRIPS flexibilities for public health protection through south-south regional frameworks. South perspectives report, April, 2004. Geneva: South Centre; 2004. 36. Amsden, A.H, Asia′s Next Giant: South Korea and Late Industrialization, Oxford: Oxford University Press; 1989. 37. Bercovitz-Rodriguez, Alberto, Historical trends in protection of technology in developedcountries and their relevance for developing countries, United Nations: UNCTAD/ITP/TEC/18.1990. 38. Bosworth, Derek L. The transfer of US technology abroad. Res Policy 1980;9:378-88. 39. Cohen WM, Levinthal DA. Innovation and learning: The two faces of R and D. Eco J 2005;99:569-96. 40. Cohen WM.. Empirical studies of innovative activity. In: Stoneman P, editor. Handbook of the Economics of Innovation and Technological Change. Oxford: Blackwell; vol. 5. 2005. p. 182-264. 41. Correa DE, The TRIPs Agreement: New Intellectual Standards for Intellectual Property: Impact on Technology Flows and Innovation in Developing Countries. Sci Pub Policy 2007;24:79-92. 42. Correa, Carlos. Review of the TRIPS Agreement: Fostering the Transfer of Technology to Developing Countries, Third World Network 1999. Available from: www.twnside.org.sg/title/foster.htm. Correa, Carlos. Intellectual Property Rights, the WTO and Developing Countries, The TRIPSAgreement and Policy Options, Zed Books: London and New York: 2000a. 43. Corre RL. Reforming the intellectual property rights system in Latin America. World Eco 2006;23:851-72. 44. Chamarik, Saneh, Goonatilake S, editors. Technological independence: The Asian experience. UNU: Tokya, New York, Paris; 2010. 45. Desai AV. ′The Origin and Direction of Industrial R and D in India. Res Policy 1980;9:74-96. 46. Dutfield, Graham. Intellectual Property Rights and Development. Policy Discussion Paper, UNCTAD/ICTSD capacity building project on Intellectual Property Rights and Sustainable Development; 2001. 47. Easterly, William, King R, Levine R, Rebelo S. Policy, technology adoption and growth. NBER Working Paper No. 4681, March 1994. 48. Easterly, William. Explaining Miracles: growth Regressions Meet the Gang of Four (forthcoming T. Ito and A. Krueger eds. NBER-East Asia Seminar Economics, Volume 4), PRE Paper World Bank.1999. 49. Eaton, Jonathan, Kortum S. Trade in ideas: Patenting and productivity in the OECD′,NBER Working Paper No. 5049, NBER: Boston and Washington, D.C: 1995. 50. Ferrantino MJ.

Daniel Patrick (1986) Mumford, Lewis (1927-1930, 1945-1946, 1948, 1951, 1979, 1982) Munich (1956) Municipal Art Society of New York (1957, 1978-1981, 1983) Munson Williams Proctor Institute (1951, 1962, 1966-1967) Munsterberg, Hugo (1946) Munz, Heinrich (1958) Munz, Ludwig (1956) Murphy, Francis (1967) Murray, Edward (1971) Murtagh, William J. (1979-1980) Museo Internazionale di Architettura Moderna (1961-1963) Museum of Fine Arts, Boston (1962) ( -- see also -- : Boston, Museum of Fine Arts) Museum of Modern Art (1936, 1939, 1941, 1943-1962, 1964-1969, 1971, 1973, 1975, 1982, 1984, undated) Museum of the City of New York (1956-1958) Musgrave, Clifford (1956) Music Press (1949) Myers, Denys P. (1963) Mylonas, Paul M. (1956) Mystic Seaport (1974) Nachmani, Cynthia (1977) Nagel, Charles (1954-1955) Nagle, Priscilla C. (1963) Nairn, Ian (1956) Napoli, Univesita degli Studi di (1978) Napper, J. H. (1961) Nash, Roy (1949-1950) Nash, Suzanne (1952) Nation -- (1957) National Academy of Design (1962) National Archives of Canada ( -- see -- : Canada, National Archives of) National Buildings Record -- (1942, 1947, 1949) National Buildings Register (1942-1943, 1954, 1956, 1958, 1960) National Council on the Arts and Government (1957) National Cyclopedia of American Biography -- (1961, 1970-1971) National Endowment for the Humanities (1969-1970, 1973, 1975-1976, 1978-1979) National Foundation for Arts and Humanities (1970-1971) National Galleries of Scotland (1946) National Gallery (London) (1964) National Gallery of Art (1950, 1962, 1964, 1968, 1975, 1980-1982) National Gallery of Canada (see: Canada, National Gallery of) National Institute of Arts and Letters (1956) National Monuments Record (1971) National Park Service (1965, 1970) National Registration Identity Card (Great Britain) (1946) National Science Foundation (1968) National Trust (1950, 1952) National Trust for Historic Preservation (1955, 1958, 1961-1962, 1964-1966, 1969-1970, 1976-1978) National Trust for Scotland (1953) Navy League (1946) Naylor, Edith M. (1944) Nebraska, University of (1955) Nelson, Paul D. (1928) Nesbin, Esther W. (1950) Netherlandish Scrolled Gables... -- ( -- see -- : Dutch Gables Book) Netsch, Walter (1961) Neuburg Staatsarchiv (1973) Neuman, Hartwig (1985) Neutra, Richard (1928, 1940-1941, 1954, 1969, undated) Neville, Elizabeth (1964) Neville, Richard G. (1958) Neville, Harriett Elizabeth (1966) New American Library (1952) New Amsterdam Casualty Co. (1948) New England Antiquities, Society for the Preservation of (1972-1973) ( -- see also -- : Preservation of New England Antiquities, Society for the; Society for the Preservation of New England Antiquities) New England Architecture, Committee for the Centennial Exhibition of (1957) New England Quarterly -- (1955) New Gallery (1963) New Haven Festival of Arts (1959) New Haven Preservation Trust (1964, 1966-1969) New Jersey Historical Society (1962) New Jersey Society of Architects (1957) New Liberty (1952) New London (1976) New Mexico, University of (1957) New Watson Hotel (1955) New York Central Railway (1956) New York City (1972) New York City, Art Commission of (1983) New York City Planning Commission (1972) New York Graphic Society (1970 New York Herald Tribune -- (1947) New-York Historical Society (1950-1951, 1961-1962, 1969) New York State Association of Architects (1949) New York State, Temporary Commission on the Restoration of the Capitol (1980-1981) New York, State University of (1952) New York Times -- (1947-1948, 1957, 1960-1961) New York University (1945-1949, 1951-1954, 1958, 1960-1961, 1968-1986) ( -- see also -- : Gray Art Gallery; Institute of Fine Arts) New York University Seminar (1977, 1980) New Yorker -- (1926, 1946) Newark Public Library (1969) Newbegin's Bookshop (1947) Newberry, S. W. (1958) Newcastle (1956) Newcastle on Tyne, University of (1970) Newcomb College (1961) Newcomb, Rexford (1946-1947) Newhall, Beaumont (1947, 1950, 1952, 1955-1958, 1967) Newhan Book Shop (1947) Newhouse, S. I., Jr. (1982) Newhouse, Victoria (1980-1982, 1984) Newman, Robert B. (1952, 1954-1955) Newmeyer, Alfred (1959-1960) Newnham College (1962) Newnes, Ltd. (1946) Newport Co. [Rhode Island], Preservation Society of (1952) ( -- see also -- : Preservation Society of Newport Co. [Rhode Island]) Newport Historical Society (1968) Newton, Roger Hale (1946, 1953) Nicholette, Manfredi (1955) Nichols, Fred (1956-1960) Nicholson, Ben (1946, 1950-1953) Niebling, Howard V. (1973) Niemeyer, Oscar (1955-1956) Nijmegan (1969) Nineteenth Century American Architects -- [with Philip Johnson] (1932) Nismonger, Estelle (1948) Noble, Michael (1972) Nodena Foundation (1952) Noehles, Karl (1956) Nordt, Janis M. H. 1981 North Carolina, University of (1941, 1960, 1969) North Dakota Agricultural College (1953) North Easton (1968) North Easton Historic District, H. H. Richardson Tour (1975) Northampton Historical Society (1952) Northwest College Lectures and Concerts Association (1959) Northwestern University (1968-1971, 1977-1978, 1985) Norton and Co. (1965-1967, 1970, 1978-1979, 1981-1982) Norton, Paul H. (1952-1953, 1957-1960, 1963, 1966-1968) Notre Dame, University of (1965) Novotny (1959) Noyes, S. R. (1947) Nutt, Richard S. (1959) Oak Park (1969) Oak Park, Landmarks Commission of (1978) Oakes Ames Memorial Hall (1970) Oberhuber, Konrad (1965) Oberlin College (1947, 1950) Obesity Diet (1945) O'Brien, Wendy (1962) Observer -- (1953) O'Callaghan, John (1970-1971, 1974) Ochsner, Jeffrey Karl (1972, 1975, 1979-1987) O'Connor, R. B. (1962) O'Gorman, James F. (1970, 1974, 1977) Ogunquit Museum of Art (1965) Ohio Historical Society (1956) Ohio State University (1952, 1959, 1962, 1967) Ohle (1956) Ojeda, Luis (1949) Oklahoma, University of (1949) Olana (1964, 1966) Old Print Shop, Inc. (1951) Olds, Irving S. (1952) O'Leary, Pat (1956-1957) Olfanos (1970) Ollinger, G. Batchelder (1970) Olmstead, Lorena Ann (1951) Olpp, William H. (1948) Olsen, Karolyn (1954-1955) Olson, Charles (1965-1966) Olson, Joan H. (1964) O'Malley, Rev. J.M.E. (1960) O'Malley-Williams, A. C. (1961) ( -- see also -- : Williams, A. C. O'Malley) Omoto, Sadayoski (1951) O'Neal, William B. (1961, 1967, 1970, 1978) O'Neil, Kathleen (1946) One World (1946) Onot, Etta S. (1973) Open University (1981) Oppeille (1946) Oppenheimer, Herbert (1975-1977) Oppositions -- (1974) Opus Musicum -- (1964) Oregon, University of (1953, 1960-1962) Orfanos, Patricia (1982) Orth, Myra (1971, 1973) Ortner, Evelyn (1970) Ortner, Everett H. (1975) Osmun, Bill (1959) Osterreichische Nationalbibliothek (1956, 1958) Osterstrom, Marta (1966) Ostrow, Stephen (1957) Osuhowski, Carol (1955) Ott, Orville (1956) Otto, Christian F. (1965-1966, 1968, 1970-1972, 1975, 1979-1982) Oud, J.J.P. (1928-1929, 1948, 1950, undated) Oudheidkunding Genootschap (1962) Owings, Nathaniel (1961) Overby, Osmund (1968, 1971, 1973, 1976-1977) Owens, Dean (1981) Owens, Jean (1976) Oxford University (1935, 1953) Ozinga, M. D. (1953, 1961-1964, 1966) Pacific Historical Review -- (1970) Padovic, James Farrell (1952, 1955) Paffrath Gallery (1960-1961) Pagano Foundation (1963) Page, Evelyn (1950, 1954) Page, Gertrude W. (1931) Page, H. (1952) Page, Robert (1975) Paget, Paul (1971) Paige, Maude Steinway (1969) Paint Journal -- (1956) Palestrant, Stephen (1963) Pallottino, Massimo (1961) Palmer, James E. (1952) Palmer, Richard (1946) Palmes, James C. (1957) Palsgrove, James L. (1948, 1953) Panofsky, Erwin (1940, 1945, 1952-1953, 1956, 1961) Park, Helen O'B. (1975) Park, Rosemary (1954) Paris, Barbara (1949) Parker, Barbara (1954) Parkhurst, Charles (1952, 1954-1955, 1961, 1968) Parkin, John C. (1959-1960, 1962, 1964, 1968) Parks, Robert O. (1955-1956, 1961-1962) Parmentier, Douglas (1945) Parsons, Katharine (1952-1953, 1960, 1963) Parsons School of Design (1947) Partovi, Zahra (1985) Partridge, Margaret (1973) Passediot Gallery (1949) Passport (1945, 1954, 1968) Pastuhov, Vladimir Dimitrievitch (1961) Paterson, A. B. (1953) Patterson, John (1942, 1947) Pattison, Walter (1947) Paul, Adaline (1952-1953) Paul, Jacques (1966) Paul, Jurgen (1965, 1971, 1973-1974) Paul Memorial Library (1954) Paulsson, Gregor (1956) Paxton Drawings (1951) Peabody Institute of Baltimore (1938) Peabody Museum (1948, 1951) Peale Museum (1952-1953, 1956) ( -- see also -- : Baltimore City Museum) Pearlman, Jill (1985-1986) Pearson Fund (1977) Pearson, Marjorie (1972, 1978-1980) Pearson, Norman H. (1952) Peat, Wilbur (1955) Peck, F. Taylor (1954) Pegge, Denis (1962) Pei, I. M. (1962) Pelican Books (1971, 1979) Pelligrini and Cudahy, Inc. (1948) Pelzer, Dorothy (1948) Pendleton, Ralph (1955) Penguin Books (1945-1946, 1953, 1955, 1957-1979, 1981- 1982, 1984) Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts (1950-1951, 1972-1973) Pennsylvania, Historical Society of (1942, 1953, 1958) Pennsylvania Railroad Co. (1956-1957) Pennsylvania State College (1949-1950, 1952) Pennsylvania, University of (1955-1957, 1970, 1973, 1976-1978) Pennsylvania, University of, Architecture Society (1952-1953) Penrose Annual -- (1956) Penshorn, Everett (1973) Pentland, W. T. (1957) Perkin, George (1960) Perkins, Elizabeth (1966) Perkins, Holmes (1952-1953, 1956, 1960-1961) Perry, Judy (1956) Perspecta -- (1957, 1959-1960, 1963-1964, 1970, 1981) Perspectives U.S.A. -- (1952) Perstel Verlag (1972) Peters, Susan Dodge (1978) Peterson, Bob (1961) Peterson, Charles E. (1936, 1947-1948, 1950-1954, 1956, 1966, 1974) Peterson, Jon (1964) Peterson, Joyce (1952-1953) Petersson, Robert (1956) Petrick (1950) Petrides, Andreas (1980) Pettingil, George E. (1956-1957, 1978) Pevsner Festschrift (1966-1969) Pevsner Memorial Library (1986) Pevsner, Nikolaus (1941-1942, 1945, 1947-1979, 1983-1984, undated) Pfistermeister, Ursula (1971) Phaidon Press, Ltd. (1967, 1969, 1970-1973) Phelps, Kevin (1977) Phi Beta Kappa (1948, 1954, 1958) Philadelphia Award (1960) Philadelphia, Free Library of (1944) Philadelphia, Library Company of (1980) Philadelphia Museum of Art (1945, 1951, 1954-1955, 1974-1975, 1982) Phillips, Cecil L. (1946) Phillips, John (1946) Phillips, Wildger John (1952) Phoenix Indemnity Co. (1955) Photographie Giraudon (1958) Pickard of Leeds, Ltd. (1954) Pickens, Buford L. (1941, 1945, 1960, 1968, 1978) Picture Post Library (1952-1955) Pidgeon, Monica (1955) Pierson, Jewel (1965) Pierson, William (1948, 1953) Pilgrim Society (1945-1954, 1956-1958, 1960-1986) Piper, Marion K. (1971) Pitt and Scott Ltd. (1956) Pittsburgh History and Landmarks Foundation (1967) Pittsburgh, University of (1928, 1956-1957) Placzek, Adolph K. (1965-1967, 1973-1974, 1976, 1979) Plagemann, Volker (1969) Planning Committee [Birkenhead Co., England] (1954) Plaut, James S. (1946, 1953) Pleasants, Frederick K. (1948, 1954) Plenum Publishing Corp. (1969-1972) Pleydel, H. Cliquet (undated) Pleydell-Bouverie, David (1965, 1971, 1977-1978, 1983, undated) ( -- see also -- : Bouverie, David Pleydell) Plimouth Plantation, Inc. (1950, 1953, 1955) Plishke, E. A. (1954) Plymouth Antiquarian Society (1952, 1960, 1962-1963, 1970, 1973-1974, 1976, 1983) Plymouth Five Cents Savings Bank (1961) Plymouth National Bank (1945, 1955) Poe, Anthony (1955) Polish Academy of Sciences (1972) Polish Embassy (1970) Pollard, Phyllis (1958) Polshek, James Stewart (1980) Polytechnic School of Architecture, Surveying, and Building (1955) Pommer, Richard (1965, 1967, 1971, 1974-1975) Pomona College (1946, 1963) Pope-Hennessy, John (1959, 1962, 1964, 1966, 1971-1973, 1978) Poppeliers, John C. (1968) Porter, A. Kingsley (1923-1925, 1927-1931) Porter, Lucy (1930, 1936, 1945-1946, 1949-1954, 1956-1957, 1963, undated) Porter-Phelps-Huntington House, Inc.

FSMI FSMI MEMBERS The purpose of this initiative is to shed light on the emerging fourth sector of the economy. This means that the study will be focused on gathering information on all organizations that have a primarily social and/or environmental purpose and earn a substantial portion of their income through commercial activity. What constitutes a social/environmental purpose, how its achievement is assessed, and how much earned income is sufficient are all open questions—along with many others that need to be addressed. Because the law has not caught up with the field of practice, the study will be agnostic as to the current legal form of these entities. There are many organizations that fit broadly within the fourth sector but are currently legally structured as for-profits, nonprofits, governmental entities, some type of hybrid, or one of a number of new legal forms which have been enacted in various jurisdictions. While the Initiative is primarily focused on identifying and understanding for-benefit organizations, we will cast a wide net that will capture data on profit-motivated firms that are socially/environmentally responsible or have products, services or practices that make a significant social/environmental impact, or on charities that employ business management practices or are highly entrepreneurial. We may also inevitably gather information on related fields such as social innovation, social entrepreneurship, social entrepreneurs, CSR, sustainability, and others, all of which intersect in important ways with the fourth sector. Blended Value Organizations Chaordic Organizations Civic Enterprises Common Good Corporations Community Development Corps. Community Wealth Organizations Cross-Sectoral Partnerships Employee Owned Businesses Ethical Social Institutions Faith-Based Enterprises Hybrid Organizations Mission-Driven Businesses New Profit Companies Non-Profit Enterprises Social Businesses Social Economy Enterprises Sustainable Enterprises Key goals of the Initiative include developing a consensus definition of the fourth sector's boundaries and a taxonomy of for-benefit organizations, conducting a global mapping of for-benefits and their supportive ecosystem, identifying the barriers these organizations face, and understanding their potential for generating economic, social and environmental impacts. Specific deliverables include the following: Fourth Sector Definition Identifying the characteristics that distinguish for-benefit organizations from traditional nonprofit, for-profit, and governmental organizations (i.e. defining the fourth sector's boundaries). Taxonomy of For-Benefit Organizations Creating a classification structure that can be used by policymakers, investors, researchers, and other key stakeholders to differentiate and describe the various types of for-benefit organizations. Developing a glossary of terminology in the field. Census Instrument Developing a comprehensive census instrument for collecting, (a) information on for-benefit organizations, including the barriers they face, their social, environmental and economic impacts, and other data useful to policymakers, investors, and other key stakeholders; and (b) information on organizations that form the supportive ecosystem around the fourth sector. Data Acquisition and Integration Acquisition of data from (a) existing public and private datasets that include information on for-benefit organizations and fourth sector support organizations, and (b) global distribution of the census instrument. Data Commons of For-Benefit Organizations and the Fourth Sector's Supportive Ecosystem Developing an open, freely accessible, interactive online database of for-benefit organizations and fourth sector support organizations, which will be designed and stewarded as a participatory "data commons" for the benefit of public agencies, practitioners, researchers, consumers, economic developers and other members of the fourth sector community. Includes development of a technology platform as well as operating guidelines, participation agreements, and a governance structure that enables broad participation in the commons. The Initiative aims to map the fourth sector through a broadly collaborative process. A small project team coordinates a diverse Advisory Council of 180+ thought leaders and seasoned practitioners who serve as the brain trust for the effort, shaping the content of all deliverables. Together, we are compiling data on for-benefit organizations and their supportive infrastructure by conducting background research, acquiring existing data, and developing and fielding a global census. FSMI Council members are either engaged in one or more Working Groups, or serve in an at-large capacity, supplying information and providing feedback at key milestones along the way. Council members initially convened on a conference call in April, 2014 to kick off the Initiative. An in-person convening of the Council was held in January, 2015 in Washington DC, at a conference organized in partnership with the Federal Reserve Board of Governors, George Washington University, the Urban Institute, and The B Team. Once the census instrument has been completed, it will be fielded through a high visibility global outreach campaign to maximize reach and response. The data collected will be assimilated into a master Data Commons on the fourth sector. At that point, the taxonomy and census instrument will be placed in the public domain as "living" documents that can be improved and adapted over time. During this initial phase, which is expected to be completed in the spring of 2017, the Council will also help develop a roadmap for ongoing enhancement and growth of the Data Commons and the future of the initiative. Outreach will be conducted to potential users and funders, while collaborators and organizations will be invited to contribute content on an ongoing basis. The Working Groups include: Taxonomy Development Conceptualizing a system of classifying for-benefit organizations and developing a consensus definition of the fourth sector's boundaries based on collected data, analysis, and literature reviews. Census Design Developing a census instrument for collecting data on for-benefit organizations and fourth sector support organizations (e.g. capital providers, metrics, technical assistance, etc.) to serve the needs of various constituencies (policymakers, economic developers, investors, researchers, consumers, etc.). Collecting and compiling data on for-benefit organizations and fourth sector support organizations from existing public information and organizational databases, and helping develop a strategy for deployment of the census instrument for maximum reach and response. Data Commons Developing guidelines, governance structure, and protocol for community access to the database of fourth sector organizations, and devising a plan for its ongoing stewardship and growth. Fourth Sector Supportive Ecosystem For-Benefit Organizations and the Fourth Sector Background and Need Over the past few decades, we have witnessed traditional boundaries separating the nonprofit, business, and public sectors become increasingly blurred. Many for-profit firms have broadened their purpose to include social and environmental aims, while a growing number of nonprofits and governmental organizations have adopted market-based approaches to advance their goals. At the same time, a new fourth sector of for-benefit organizations has emerged at the intersection of the three traditional sectors (see diagram). For-benefits are a diverse class of organizations that share two main characteristics—they are primarily driven by social and/or environmental purposes, and they earn a substantial portion of their income through business activities. They include sustainable businesses, social enterprises, municipal enterprises, community development corporations, social businesses, and a wide range of other models. In recent years, there has been a growing recognition among governments at the national, state and local levels of the fourth sector's potential for delivering solutions to a broad array of social, environmental, and economic challenges, from job creation and sustainable economic development to climate change, healthcare, education, social services, energy and more. As a result, a range of new policies and programs, such as hybrid corporate structures and impact investment funds, are being developed to create a more enabling environment for for-benefit entities and to accelerate the growth of the fourth sector. Most of these efforts, however, are hampered by a lack of adequate data and analysis. There is a critical need to undertake a comprehensive research agenda to help policymakers better understand and address barriers facing for-benefits and determine strategies for promoting the fourth sector's growth and impact. To meet the global demand for better data on the fourth sector and a more rigorous understanding of for-benefit organizations, The Fourth Sector Group, in partnership with the Urban Institute, The B Team, and a 180+ member Council of experts are undertaking the Fourth Sector Mapping Initiative. The project was launched with seed funding from a competition held at the Growing the Impact Economy summit at Harvard University in 2013. The Urban Institute is leveraging its experience with the development of the National Center on Charitable Statistics, a comprehensive repository of data on the third sector in the

Books. 264 pp. Paperback trade, good condition, black & white drawings, edges & pages lightly toned, reader crease spine, cover corners creased, few light creases in covers, minor edgewear. A wonderful tale of a dog named George who changed the lives of the British author and her son, after her husband died from cancer. George is a Cavalier King Charles Spaniel with a loving character and loves to chew up paper. ISBN: 9780141032238. Our Book No: 27427. $10 AUD. 424. Sutcliffe, Pauline (editor); Tufnell, Guinevere (editor); Cornish, Ursula (editor) (1998). Working with the Dying and Bereaved: Systemic Approaches to Therapeutic Work. Basingstoke: Macmillan. 212 pp. Paperback trade, very good condition, bottom corner title page & author's dedication page lightly creased. Reveals how therapists can use a systemic approach to help families facing death and bereavement. Considers the individual in a broader, more holistic, context than traditional theories. SALE PRICE. ISBN: 0333669037. Our Book No: 22440. $10 AUD. 425. Sutherland, Cherie (1993). Within the Light (Twenty Remarkable Accounts of Near-death Experiences and How They Changed People's Lives) (Reprint ed). Sydney: Bantam Books. 322 pp. Paperback small, very good condition, minor edgewear. Cherie Sutherland has spoken with hundreds of persons all over Australia who have had a near-death experience (NDE). She presents the stories of 20 of them. They each describe how they came to be close to death, what happened during their experiences, and how their lives were changed afterwards, in most cases forever. ISBN: 1863590986. Our Book No: 7229. $15 AUD. 426. Swan, Heather (2009). No Ceiling: A Woman's Inspirational Journey to the Top of the World. Melbourne, Scoresby: Five Mile Press. 290 pp. Paperback octavo, very good condition, colour photos, minor edgewear, top corner front cover creased, bottom corner rear cover creased. This book tells the inspirational story of how the author crashed through her real and imagined barriers to become a fit and powerful athlete at the absolute apex of her sport (extreme sports, mountaineering, skydiving). ISBN: 9781742117447. Our Book No: 26821. $20 AUD. 427. Swanson, Jan; Cooper, Alan (2005). A Physician's Guide to Coping with Death and Dying. Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press. 286 pp. Paperback octavo, very good condition, tables, printed on 100% recycled acid-free paper, bottom corner rear cover & last few pages creased, minor edgewear. A physician and a clinical psychologist, with many years experience, offer insights to help medical students, residents, physicians, nurses, and others become more aware of the different stages in the dying process, and to learn how to communicate more effectively with patients and their families. They also discuss the ways physicians and other caregivers can learn to reduce their own stress and avoid burnout to achieve balance in their lives and be more effective professionally. ISBN: 0773528326. Our Book No: 23234. $10 AUD. 428. Sweet, Melissa (2007). The Big Fat Conspiracy: How to Protect Your Family's Health. Sydney: Australian Broadcasting Commission (ABC). 471 pp. Paperback thick octavo, very good condition, front cover corner faintly creased, spine lightly faded as usual. Gives Australian families awareness, understanding and practical advice to help with making healthy changes in their lives. There are many tips for eating well, moving more and promoting children's health and wellbeing. It is also packed with suggestions about how schools, health professionals, governments, business and community leaders can help create healthier environments for children and families. It promotes understanding and empowerment, not guilt and blame. ISBN: 9780733321818. Our Book No: 22728. $15 AUD. 429. Swinburne, Gwendolen H. (1923). Womanhood in the Life of the Nations (1st ed). Melbourne: Australian Student Christian Movement Corporation. 108 pp. Paperback trade, good condition, minor edgewear, covers faded, spine faded & creased, edges & pages lightly toned, top & bottom edges foxed, minimal foxing few pages, little loss spine ends. This book has been inspired by a book entitled "The Young Woman Citizen" which was written by Mary Austen for the use of the Y.W.C.A of U.S.A. Part 1 has been written as an historical summary of principles and tendencies which may be useful as a basis for the study of citizenship to-day. Part 2 contains material useful for discussing topics of present interest to citizens of Australia. Our Book No: 26570. $20 AUD. 430. Swingler, Susan; Reimer, Andrew (afterword) (2012). The House of Fiction: Leonard, Susan and Elizabeth Jolley: A Memoir. Perth, Fremantle: Fremantle Press. 319 pp. Paperback trade, very good condition, few black & white text-photos, minor edgewear. A biography of an Australian literary dynasty. A memoir about a daughter's quest for her absent father. ISBN: 9781921888663. Our Book No: 28680. $17 AUD. 431. Tarlington, George (2001). Street Kid: A Tale of Trouble and Survival Between the Wars [Memoirs Series]. Loftus, NSW: Australian Military History Publications. 114 pp. Paperback trade, very good plus condition, black & white photos, minimal edgewear. Memoir of as a young boy growing up on the Australian streets in the 1920s and 1930s, and getting into trouble with the law. He tells how proper rehabilitation changed his life and gave him a positive future. He served with distinction in New Guinea (Kokoda) during WW2. ISBN: 1876439491. Our Book No: 24980. $25 AUD. 432. Teakle, Heather (1992). My Daddy Died: Supporting Young Children in Grief (1st ed). Melbourne, North Blackburn: Collins Dove. 124 pp. Paperback trade, very good condition, minor edgewear, edges & pages lightly toned. This book will help other parents with the loss of a partner to recognise the signs of grief, often concealed by children, and to know how to cope. It will also be of value to professional child care givers, teachers and anyone who has an opportunity to support grieving friends and relatives. ISBN: 1863710957. Our Book No: 26867. $15 AUD. 433. Terr, Lenore (1994). Unchained Memories: True Stories of Traumatic Memories, Lost and Found. New York: Basic Books. 282 pp. Paperback octavo, very good condition, top edge faintly foxed, pages faintly toned as common, minor edgewear. True stories that illustrate how we forget childhood trauma, and they tell us how and why these repressed memories return. ISBN: 0465088236. Our Book No: 21397. $12 AUD. 434. Thompson, Lana (1999). The Wandering Womb: A Cultural History of Outrageous Beliefs About Women. Amherst, NY: Prometheus Books. 204 pp. Hardback octavo, dustjacket, very good condition (in very good dustjacket). A provocative tour through 4000 years of Western civilization and its outrageous beliefs about women. In ancient Egypt, for example, the womb was regarded as an entity unto itself capable of "wandering" throughout the body if sexually unfulfilled, crowding the other organs and causing tissue damage, suffocation, and a variety of illnesses. These and similar ideas became entwined in centuries of medical ignorance and religious superstition. But this is not an exclusively "ancient" or "primitive" phenomenon: As late as the 19th century, many doctors opposed the use of anesthesia in childbirth because women had been condemned by God to "bring forth children in sorrow". ISBN: 1573922641. Our Book No: 15890. $17 AUD. 435. Thomson, Mark (1996). Blokes and Sheds (Reprint ed). Sydney: Angus & Robertson. 121 pp. Paperback oblong, very good condition, full-page black & white text-photos, minor edgewear. In this good-humored portrayal of Australian sheds and their owner-occupiers, the author and photographer peers into the gloom, past the dartboard, the beer fridge and the piles of timber off-cuts, to discover what goes on between blokes and sheds. ISBN: 0207189161. Our Book No: 22408. $10 AUD. 436. Throsby, Holly (2016). Goodwood (Reprint ed). Sydney, Crows Nest: Allen & Unwin. 377 pp. Paperback octavo, very good condition, minimal edgewear. This Australian novel is based in a small town where everyone knows everything about everyone. Two people go missing and the town's people speculate about their fates. ISBN: 9781760293734. Our Book No: 30095. $15 AUD. 437. Tidy, Samantha; Brecon, Connah (illustrator) (2005). The Flying

full category $\mathcal{O}_{c}$ since their associated Verma modules have infinite length. Thus to obtain projective covers, it is indeed necessary to introduce the tensor subcategory $\mathcal{O}_c^0$, which contains all irreducible modules in $\mathcal{O}_c$. We can define $\mathcal{O}_c^0$ in several ways: it turns out to be the tensor subcategory of $\mathcal{O}_c$ (closed under tensor products and subquotients) generated by $\mathcal{L}_{1,2}$, but it is more useful to define $\mathcal{O}_c^0$ as the M\"{u}ger centralizer of the semisimple subcategory of $\mathcal{O}_c$ that has simple objects $\mathcal{L}_{2n+1,1}$, $n\in\mathbb{N}$. Equivalently, this is the subcategory of modules in $\mathcal{O}_c$ that induce to ordinary modules for the triplet vertex operator algebra $\mathcal{W}(p)$, an infinite-order extension of $V_c$. In $\mathcal{O}_c^0$, the irreducible modules $\mathcal{L}_{r,p}$ are already projective (Theorem \ref{projoflrp}), and then we construct length-$3$ projective covers $\mathcal{P}_{1,s}$ from $\mathcal{L}_{1,p}$ recursively (Theorem \ref{thm:P1s_structure}), using the methods of \cite[Section 5.1]{CMY2}. Finally, we show that $\mathcal{P}_{r,s}=\mathcal{L}_{r,1}\boxtimes\mathcal{P}_{1,s}$ is a length-$4$ projective cover of $\mathcal{L}_{r,s}$ for $r\geq 2$ (Theorem \ref{thm:Prs_structure}). After constructing all projective covers, we complete the proof of the tensor product formula in Theorem \ref{thm:main_thm}(3), and we also determine all tensor products of the projective modules with irreducible modules and with each other (see the details in Theorem \ref{generalfusionrules}). In Section \ref{subsec:ss}, we investigate relations between $\mathcal{O}_c$ and representations of the affine Lie algebra $\widehat{\mathfrak{sl}}_2$ at levels $-2+p^{\pm1}$ (note that $V_c$ is the $W$-algebra obtained via quantum Drinfeld-Sokolov reduction from the universal affine vertex operator algebras for $\mathfrak{sl}_2$ at both levels \cite{FFr}; see also \cite[Chapter 15]{FB}). First, the tensor product formulas of Theorem \ref{generalfusionrules} show that $\mathcal{O}_c$ has a semisimplification which is a ribbon category with simple objects $\mathcal{L}_{r,s}$ for $r \geq 1$ and $1 \leq s \leq p-1$. As an abelian category, the semisimplification is the Deligne product of two subcategories: $\mathcal{O}_{c}^L$ containing the modules $\mathcal{L}_{r,1}$ for $r\geq 1$, and $\mathcal{O}_c^R$ containing the modules $\mathcal{L}_{1,s}$ for $1\leq s\leq p-1$. We then use \cite{ACGY} to show that $\mathcal{O}_{c}^L$ is braided tensor equivalent to the Kazhdan-Lusztig category $KL_{-2+1/p}(\mathfrak{sl}_2)$ of $\widehat{\mathfrak{sl}}_2$-modules at level $-2+p^{-1}$, while we use the main theorem of \cite{KW} to show that $\mathcal{O}_c^R$ is tensor equivalent to the $\widehat{\mathfrak{sl}}_2$-module category $KL_{-2+p}(\mathfrak{sl}_2)$. Note that $KL_{-2+p}(\mathfrak{sl}_2)$ is a modular tensor category since the simple affine vertex operator algebra of $\mathfrak{sl}_2$ at level $-2+p$ is rational and $C_2$-cofinite. The corresponding universal affine vertex operator algebra, however, has a non-semisimple $C_1$-cofinite module category; it would be interesting to see if this category bears any relation to the non-semisimple Virasoro category $\mathcal{O}_c$. There is in fact a conjectured Kazhdan-Lusztig-type tensor equivalence between $\mathcal{O}_c$, or rather $\mathcal{O}_c^0$, and a module category for the Lusztig limit of quantum $\mathfrak{sl}_2$ at the root of unity $e^{\pi i/p}$ \cite{BFGT, BGT}; see also \cite[Conjecture 11.4]{Ne} for a reformulation of this conjecture. As explained in \cite[Proposition 11.8]{Ne}, this conjecture is tied to the conjectured Kazhdan-Lusztig correspondence between the triplet algebra extension of $V_c$ and the restricted quantum group of $\mathfrak{sl}_2$ \cite{FGST1}; see also \cite{CGR} for a more precise conjecture. We conclude this paper by applying our results, together with the vertex operator algebra extension theory of \cite{HKL, CKM, CMY1}, to the triplet vertex operator algebra extension $\mathcal{W}(p)\supseteq V_c$. Using the rigid tensor category structure on $\mathcal{O}_c$, we can rather quickly derive rigidity of the tensor category $\mathcal{C}_{\mathcal{W}(p)}$ of $\mathcal{W}(p)$-modules, tensor product formulas in $\mathcal{C}_{\mathcal{W}(p)}$, and a construction of the projective covers of irreducible $\mathcal{W}(p)$-modules. The only properties of $\mathcal{W}(p)$ that we need come from \cite{AM_trip}: the classification of irreducible $\mathcal{W}(p)$-modules and their decompositions as direct sums of $V_c$-modules, as well as some of the structure of the Zhu algebra of $\mathcal{W}(p)$. Our results on $\mathcal{W}(p)$ recover those obtained in \cite{AM_log_mods, NT, TW}. Our tensor-categorical approach especially provides an alternative to the technical construction of projective covers for irreducible $\mathcal{W}(p)$-modules outlined in \cite{NT}. Note that since every vertex operator algebra has a built-in Virasoro subalgebra, vertex operator algebra extension techniques could be used to study the modules for many other vertex operator algebras. For example, the results on singlet algebras recently obtained in \cite{CMY2} could also be recovered from the structure of $\mathcal{O}_c$. Finally, we use our results together with ideas from \cite{McR2} to prove a precise relationship conjectured in \cite[Conjecture 11.6]{Ne} between the tensor categories $\mathcal{C}_{\mathcal{W}(p)}$ and $\mathcal{O}_c^0$. It was shown in \cite{ALM} that the full automorphism group of $\mathcal{C}_{\mathcal{W}(p)}$ is $PSL(2,\mathbb{C})$, with fixed-point subalgebra $V_c$. Consequently, there is a braided tensor category $(\mathcal{C}_{\mathcal{W}(p)})^{PSL(2,\mathbb{C})}$, called the equivariantization of $\mathcal{C}_{\mathcal{W}(p)}$, whose objects are $\mathcal{W}(p)$-modules equipped with a suitably compatible $PSL(2,\mathbb{C})$-action. Then an easy extension of \cite[Theorem 4.17]{McR2} (which was proved in a finite group setting) shows that there is a braided tensor equivalence from $\mathcal{O}_c^0$ to $(\mathcal{C}_{\mathcal{W}(p)})^{PSL(2,\mathbb{C})}$ given by induction. We remark that essentially the same proof shows that if $T^\vee\subseteq PSL(2,\mathbb{C})$ is the one-dimensional torus, then the $T^\vee$-equivariantization of $\mathcal{C}_{\mathcal{W}(p)}$ is braided tensor equivalent to the category $\mathcal{C}_{\mathcal{M}(p)}^0$ of modules for the singlet vertex operator algebra $\mathcal{M}(p)$ that was studied in \cite{CMY2}. Such a relationship had also been conjectured in \cite[Conjecture 11.6]{Ne}. We plan to explore the tensor structure of $\mathcal{O}_c$ for other central charges in future work. The remaining unsolved cases are the universal Virasoro vertex operator algebra at central charge $c_{p,q}$ and the simple Virasoro vertex operator algebra at central charge $c_t=13-6t-6t^{-1}$ for $t=-\frac{p}{q}$ a negative rational number. For $c_{p,q}$, the universal Virasoro vertex operator algebra is neither simple nor self-contragredient and thus the braided tensor category $\mathcal{O}_{c_{p,q}}$ will be poorly behaved. For example, it will not be rigid because tensor products of non-zero modules in $\mathcal{O}_{c_{p,q}}$ can be zero. However, we expect $\mathcal{O}_{c_t}$ for $t=-\frac{p}{q}$ to be rigid and quite interesting, and we expect $V_{c_t}$ to admit large conformal vertex algebra extensions analogous to the triplet $W$-algebras. These categories $\mathcal{O}_{c_t}$ will be subjects of forthcoming papers. \vspace{5mm} \noindent {\bf Acknowledgements.} We would like to thank Thomas Creutzig for many useful discussions. JY also thanks Florencia Orosz Hunziker for discussions on the Virasoro algebra. \section{Preliminaries} In this section we collect some results on the representation theory of the Virasoro Lie algebra, and on intertwining operators among modules for a vertex operator algebra. \subsection{The Virasoro algebra} Let $\mathcal{V} ir$ denote the Virasoro Lie algebra with basis $\lbrace L_n\,\vert\,n\in\mathbb{Z}\rbrace\cup\lbrace\mathbf{c}\rbrace$ with $\mathbf{c}$ central and commutation relations \begin{equation*} [L_m,L_n]=(m-n)L_{m+n}+\frac{m^3-m}{12}\delta_{m+n,0}\mathbf{c}. \end{equation*} We will sometimes use the decomposition $\mathcal{V} ir=\mathcal{V} ir_-\oplus\mathcal{V} ir_{\geq 0}$, where \begin{equation*} \mathcal{V} ir_-=\mathrm{span}\lbrace L_n\,\vert\, n<0\rbrace,\qquad\mathcal{V} ir_{\geq 0} =\mathrm{span}\lbrace L_n,\mathbf{c}\,\vert\,n\geq 0\rbrace. \end{equation*} For any vector space $\mathcal{U}$ on which $L_0$ and $\mathbf{c}$ act by commuting operators, $\mathcal{U}$ extends to a $\mathcal{V} ir_{\geq 0}$-module on which $L_n$ acts by zero for $n>0$, and then we can form the induced module $\mathrm{Ind}_{\mathcal{V} ir_{\geq 0}}^{\mathcal{V} ir} \mathcal{U}$. In particular, for any central charge $c\in\mathbb{C}$ and conformal dimension $h\in\mathbb{C}$, the one-dimensional $\mathcal{V} ir_{\geq 0}$-module $\mathbb{C}_{c,h}$ on which $\mathbf{c}$ acts by $c$ and $L_0$ acts by $h$ induces to the Verma module $V(c,h)=\mathrm{Ind}_{\mathcal{V} ir_{\geq 0}}^{\mathcal{V} ir} \mathbb{C}_{c,h}$. Every Verma module $V(c,h)$ has a unique irreducible quotient $L(c,h)$. For a central charge $c\in\mathbb{C}$, we define $V_c$ to be the quotient of the Verma module $V(c,0)$ (induced from $\mathbb{C}_{c,0}=\mathbb{C}\mathbf{1}$) by the submodule generated by the singular vector $L_{-1}\mathbf{1}$. By \cite{FZ1}, $V_c$ is a vertex operator algebra in the sense of \cite{LL}. Moreover, every $\mathcal{V} ir$-module $\mathcal{W}$ that is suitably graded by generalized $L_0$-eigenvalues is a grading-restricted generalized $V_c$-module. Specifically, we require a grading $\mathcal{W}=\bigoplus_{h\in\mathbb{C}} \mathcal{W}_{[h]}$ such that: \begin{enumerate} \item $\mathcal{W}_{[h]}$ is the generalized $L_0$-eigenspace with generalized eigenvalue $h$, \item $\dim\mathcal{W}_{[h]}<\infty$ for all $h\in\mathbb{C}$, and \item For any $h\in\mathbb{C}$, $\mathcal{W}_{[h+n]}=0$ for $n\in\mathbb{Z}$ sufficiently negative. \end{enumerate} The irreducible modules $L(c,h)$ for $h\in\mathbb{C}$ comprise all irreducible $V_c$-modules. We are interested, however, in the category $\mathcal{O}_c$ of $C_1$-cofinite grading-restricted generalized $V_c$-modules: by \cite{CJORY} this is the category of finite-length $\mathcal{V} ir$-modules at central charge $c$ whose composition factors are irreducible quotients of reducible Verma modules. (In particular, irreducible Verma modules are not $C_1$-cofinite.) Writing the central charge as $c=13-6t-6t^{-1}$ for some $t\in\mathbb{C}\setminus\lbrace 0\rbrace$, the Feigin-Fuchs

Toxicology of the Fifteenth to Twentieth Centuries Toxicology 21: Scientific Applications This course familiarizes students with the novel concepts being used to revamp regulatory toxicology in response to a breakthrough National Research Council Report "Toxicity Testing in the 21st Century: A Vision and a Strategy." We present the latest developments in the field of toxicology—the shift from animal testing toward human relevant, high content, high-throughput integrative testing strategies. Active programs from EPA, NIH, and the global scientific community illustrate the dynamics of safety sciences. A very well-taught course with lots of useful information. I highly recommend it. Awesome course! Highly essential information for all toxicologists! This model will give you a broad introduction to the Toxicology 21st century (Tox21c) field and familiarize you with the main document, which summarize the main ideas and principles of Tox21c. Introduction0:49 Center for Alternatives to Animal Testing4:47 Toxicology of the Fifteenth to Twentieth Centuries15:13 Toxicology for the Twenty-First Century15:00 Lena Smirnova Thomas Hartung I would like to come to part three of this lecture. I would like to talk about the shortcomings of what I'd like to call 20th century toxicology. And I've put up on purpose as start of this part of the lecture, a picture of Paracelsus. Paracelsus was a Swiss-German researcher from almost 500 years ago who is praised as the founder of toxicology. Toxicology, which was not just the art of poisoning somebody else, but a science which tries to understand how dangerous effects of substances to the human body do occur. And he is very well known for this quote which is, all things are poison and nothing without poison, only the dose makes a thing is no poison. So very importantly he introduced the concept, it is all about how much of a substance. Tiny amount of substance will typically not endanger you becomes or more likely to do so. Toxicology comes in the various industries. You can see here chemistry, pharmaceutical industry, food industry and consumer products like cosmetic industry, and we want to protect not only adults but as shown here, we want to protect also babies, vulnerable subpopulations, the elderly, the immunocompromised. And to do so in these big industries which are all about 3 trillion each of commerce, so really very big world wide industries. In order to protect these, we're employing animal experiments. These animal experiments are costly. About $3 billion are spent per year for animal experiments world wide, only for safety of these substances. But you can also take from this, that in a global industry of about 10 trillion, this is only 0.03% of their turnover. So it is a small price to be paid for decisions on safety of substances which are in commerce, but you'll hear in the next lecture already that this is not applied in a very uniform way. We have very different standards for the safety testing of various type of products. Drug and drug evaluation, drug safety has actually been the area where most of our toxicology has been developed. And toxicology is often seen as the sister science to pharmacology. It is both about the effects of normally small molecules. Pharmacology's interested in the good effects and toxicology's interested in the bad, undesired effects. In pharmacology, they're actually quite critical about animal experiments. This is for the very simple reason that far more than 90% of all substances which go into human trials fail despite all of the favorable results we get in our animal experiments. And this is 20% because of toxicity, which we did not predicted. And for about 40% because like of efficacy which was promised by the animal and did not hold true. Interestingly in toxicology they almost completely rely on animal test without controls if it is about industrial chemicals, pesticides and other substances because we simply don't have clinical trials to tell us the truth. It is already should give you an idea about difficulties in applying only animal experiments for safety assessment of non-drug substances. So I would like to illustrate some of the problems of toxicology with this example. This is a breakfast, it is a very nice breakfast with a glass of sparkling wine. I use it for the purpose of illustrating some of the discrepancies we are facing when dealing with toxicology. You might have heard of dioxin, TCDD, a very prominent contaminant because of a big scandal in Seveso in the late 70s. Dioxin is a very prominent toxicant for which we are protected, for example, by foot thresholds in these eggs. Still, in my mother country, Germany, some 300 million eggs have been destroyed 4 years ago, when these thresholds were exceeded 3 fold. So a lot of eggs destroyed to protect us against dioxin. Where does this numbers come from? They come from animal experiments which were then calculated to derive a safe threshold for humans. If we would run the very same animal experiment on alcohol, and we would do the very same calculation, we also can derive a threshold and you can continue drinking this glass of sparkling wine. You can drink 1 glass per 345 years. And this shows you I think that we're not dealing substances as same. Alcohol is very acceptable, dioxin is not. And this is not based on the actual risk, the actual problem it is generating, but it is about our perception and acceptance of different classes of substances. We have more on this breakfast here. For example, salt, kitchen salt. It shows up in some genotoxicity essays as damaging to the genes. So it is something we could not easily develop as a drug. It would typically be sorted out because of such findings. The same holds true for sugar, regular sugar. It is genotoxic in some essays and it would be difficult to develop as a pill or as a food additive if we did not know better from our traditional experiences with this. Yeah, you're protected against pesticides. For example, on these cucumbers, there's minute amounts left, because the pesticides are applied long before harvest and they are actually degrading, spontaneously. But these plants have developed their own pesticides. A co-evolution with insights they have developed substances which are fighting insects, and these natural pesticides are found in sometimes 10,000 times higher concentrations than our synthetic pesticides. And guess, if you test these in standard animal tests, for example for cancer, they are very often carcinogenic, they end using cancer in animals. So 63 of them have been tested, 35 of them were actually carcinogens. So substances we could not add to the food, are found in the food, and are producing carcinogenic effects. And the same for coffee, 23 ingredients of coffee have been tested for their carcinogenic effect in rats and 23 of them were positive. So we're enjoying a brew of carcinogens in our breaks. So you can see, these animal experiments would have been misleading, it is only the traditional use of the substance that we do not challenge them as possible carcinogens, we don't apply the same measures. Another problem of toxicology I would like to illustrate with this mock product, it doesn't exist. It reads here, 7-in-1. It has various properties including being a glue on a toilet bowl cleaner. But this is a mock product. But I put it up here because I want to just make the case. If we want such new innovative product, we permanently need new chemistry. And this is what chemists have been doing. 85 million chemical abstracts, which is 85 million descriptions how to synthesize a new molecule have been published by chemists so far, and more than 100,000 of them have made it into consumer products. And this is creating the permanent challenge of safety assessments for these substances entering consumer products. So if you imagine that this screen represents 100,000 chemicals in consumer products, all these nasty chemicals here, how many of them have actually been tested? Only about 8%. Most of the substances have not undergone any type of testing or at least data are not publicly available. If you ask how many of them have been built tested, its only about 3%. These are mainly the drugs and pesticides for which we spent a lot of money in order to have intense characterizations. And we can go step further as different species as we will learn in this lecture series are predicting each other only by some 40 to 60%,

models to study virus-host interactions in archaea (Prangishvili et al., 2013). Recently published analyses concluded that adsorption occurs within the first minute of infection, much more efficiently than in halophilic archaeal systems for which binding requires several hours (Kukkaro and Bamford, 2009). The particles of SIRV2 specifically attach to the tip of host pili-like structures leading to a strong and irreversible interaction between the viral and cellular determinants (Figure 1A). Subsequently, viruses are found on the side of the appendages indicating a progression toward the cell surface where DNA entry is concomitant with virion disassembly (Quemin et al., 2013; Figures 1C,D). Thus, the three fibers located at the virion termini represent the viral anti-receptors involved in recognition of host cells and are responsible for the primary adsorption (Figure 1B). It is noteworthy that both ends of the virions have an equal binding capacity as previously noticed for the lipothrixvirus AFV1 (Bettstetter et al., 2003). The families Lipothrixviridae and Rudiviridae belong to the order Ligamenvirales and are known to attach to extracellular filaments (Prangishvili and Krupovic, 2012). Although AFV1 is capable of binding the side of host pili, a feature shared with bacterial leviviruses, cystoviruses and some tailed bacteriophages (Poranen et al., 2002), the interaction of SIRV2 with Sulfolobus filaments occurs initially via the tip. This resembles more closely the primary adsorption observed in the inoviruses (Rakonjac et al., 2011). All these data suggest that linear archaeal viruses employ a common strategy for the initiation of infection although with purified cellular filaments. Stained with 2% uranyl acetate for 2 min. Scale bar, 200 nm. Electron micrographs of SIRV2 interaction with S. islandicus LAL14/1 cells. Samples were collected 1 min post-infection and flash-frozen for electron cryotomography (cryo-ET). The virions interact both at the filament tips (B) and along the length of the filaments (C). The lower left panel (B) also shows a segmented tomographic volume of the SIRV2 virion (red) attached to the tip of an S. islandicus filament (green). The three terminal virion fibers that appear to mediate the interaction are shown in blue (the inset depicts a magnified view of the interaction between the virion fibers and the tip of the filament). The inset in the lower right panel (C) depicts two virions bound to the sides of a single filament. Scale bars, 500 nm. (D) Tomographic slices through S. islandicus LAL14/1 cells at 1 min after infection with SIRV2 reveals partially disassembled SIRV2 virions at the cell surface. Adapted from (Quemin et al., 2013). Scale bar, 100 nm. the molecular mechanisms involved are most likely to be distinct. Interaction with Cell Surface As a general rule, viral entry implies direct or indirect binding to the cell surface depending on whether a primary adsorption step is required. In the case of SIRV2, analysis of virus-resistant strains provided interesting candidates for the receptors of SIRV2 virions at the cell surface. In fact, two operons were identified: sso2386-2387 and sso3139-3141 (Deng et al., 2014). The former encodes proteins homologous to components of type IV pili and the latter presumably a membrane-associated cell surface complex. In S. acidocaldarius, the assembly ATPase, AapE, and the central membrane protein, AapF, homologous to Sso2386 and Sso2387, respectively, are both essential for the assembly of the type IV adhesive pilus (Henche et al., 2012). The sso3139-3141 operon is thought to encode a membrane bound complex, which could function as a secondary receptor for SIRV2 (Deng et al., 2014). While entry of rudiviruses, and filamentous archaeal viruses in general, relies on two coordinated adsorption steps, other systems interact spontaneously with the cell surface. As far back as 1984, SSV1 (Sulfolobus spindle-shaped virus 1) was reported to exist in different states: isolated particles, incorporated in typical rosette-like aggregates or even bound to cell-derived membrane (Martin et al., 1984). The best known member of the Fuselloviridae family displays a lemon-shaped morphotype with terminal fibers at one of the two pointed ends (Stedman et al., 2015). The set of short, thin filaments of the α-fuselloviruses are involved in viral attachment and association with host-derived structures in general. However, the β-fuselloviruses, SSV6 and ASV1 (Acidianus spindle-shaped virus 1), exhibit more pleomorphic virions with three or four thick, slightly curved fibers (Krupovic et al., 2014). Although these appendages do not interact with each other as observed for SSV1, some genomic features strongly suggest that the fibers are composed of host-attachment proteins (Redder et al., 2009). Notably, one gene common to all family members (SSV1_C792) and two genes in β-fuselloviruses (SSV6_C213 and SSV6_B1232) encode for the protein responsible for terminal fibers. This protein shares a similar fold with the adsorption protein P2 of bacteriophage PRD1 (Grahn et al., 2002; Redder et al., 2009). In addition, the pointed end of the enveloped virus ABV (Acidianus bottle-shaped virus), from the Ampullaviridae family, is involved in attachment to membrane vesicles and formation of virion aggregates (Haring et al., 2005a). Therefore, even if data are still scarce, interaction with cellular membranes appears to be a common feature of hyperthermophilic archaeal viruses that contain a lipidic envelope. This particularly interesting feature merits further investigation. READ Service Traffic Shaping for Resource Protection in Enterprise Data Centers Release of Viral Genome Receptor recognition and binding typically induce a cascade of events that start with structural reorganization of the virions and lead to viral genome penetration through the cell envelope (Dimitrov, 2004). Non-enveloped viruses either inject the genome into the cell interior while leaving the empty capsid associated with the cell envelope or deliver the nucleic acids concomitantly with disassembly of the virion at the cell surface. Superficially, the entry of SIRV2 is similar to that of Ff inoviruses or flagellotrophic phages, which bind F-pili and flagella respectively (Guerrero-Ferreira et al., 2011; Rakonjac et al., 2011). First, the interaction with host pili-like structures has been shown and secondly, partially broken particles have been observed at the cellular membrane (Quemin et al., 2013; Figure 1). Notably, no archaeal retraction pili has been identified so far and flagella (called archaella in archaea) of Sulfolobus are considerably thicker than the filaments to which SIRV2 binds (Lassak et al., 2012). Additional experiments are needed in order to determine whether the mechanisms of SIRV2 translocation and genome delivery are related to those employed by Ff inoviruses and flagellotrophic bacteriophages, or are completely novel. Lipid-containing viruses display unusual virion architecture and appear to make direct contact with the plasma membrane. It is reasonable to assume that enveloped viruses rely on a fundamentally different entry mechanism to that employed by non-enveloped filamentous viruses, such as rudiviruses. They might deliver their genetic material into the cell interior by fusion between the cytoplasmic membrane and the viral envelope in a similar fashion to the eukaryotic enveloped viruses (Vaney and Rey, 2011). ATV (Acidianus two-tailed virus) resembles fuselloviruses with virions extruded from host cells as lemon-shaped. However, ATV has been classified within the Bicaudaviridae partly due to its peculiar life cycle (Haring et al., 2005c). Surprisingly, at temperatures close to that of its natural habitat (85°C), the released tail-less particles show the formation of two long tails protruding from the pointed ends. These extracellular developed tubes contain a thin filament inside and terminate in an anchor-like structure, not observed in the tail-less progeny. The two virion forms, tail-less and two-tailed, were reported to be infectious, thereby indicating that the termini are not involved in the initial stages of infection (Prangishvili et al., 2006b). However, genomic analysis as well as molecular studies highlighted some viral encoded proteins that could be important during infection. For example, the three largest open reading frames (ORFs) and one of the CPs have putative coiled-coil domains, which are usually associated with specific protein–protein interactions and protein complex formation. Moreover, two other proteins carry proline-rich regions (ORF567

country categorization. However, accompanying Labor's election in 2007 was the fanfare surrounding its preparedness to respond more expeditiously to climate change. With its eventual ratification of the Kyoto Protocol in Bali at the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change, the government publicly announced its sensitivity to the 21st century variations in national security demands. Yet despite its assiduous preparations for the Copenhagen Climate Change Conference in 2009, the collapse of these talks punctuated the government's ability to prosecute its climate change policy domestically. Locally too, public support for climate change action in Australia without corresponding international action was not sustainable. Domestic intransigence in some sections of Australian society to climate change policy and a pricing of carbon remains durable with Prime Minister Gillard's attempts to enact change floundering. That Australia has a well-developed and highly profitable coal industry that supplies approximately 80 percent of its energy needs and contributes substantively to its export surpluses adds to the difficulties in climate change policy formulation. For Australia then the development of national security policy regarding climate change stumbles at the gap that exists between its middle power activism and the domestic obduracy to proceed in any kind of first-mover role. Partners and Allies One of Australia's fears as the Cold War was drawing to a close in the early 1990s and as the Uruguay trade round extended was the possibility it may be isolated in a world where broad trade blocs competed internationally. As the previous discussion emphasizes, Australia by dint of its location encountered an unusual predicament. The crucial question for Australia remained that of the identity of its natural partners. New Zealand is a natural fit and a partner in assisting Pacific Island concerns, but size beleaguers its potency internationally. As a British settler colonial state, Canada exhibited some of the same characteristics as Australia, but its U.S. land border altered both the military and financial security dynamics of its international motivations. In the Anglo "coalition of the willing," the UK had previously divested itself of more intimate connections to its former colony in the mid-1960s when it relinquished its security connections East of Suez and joined the European Economic Community in 1973. So it was for Australia to make its way in Asia, where it was finding ready trade partners. Yet Japan's WW2 aggression and Australia's cultural apprehensions made security partnerships problematic for some time. Nevertheless, as eventual spokes in the U.S. system of Pacific alliances, and indeed as the north and south anchors of U.S. security strategy in the Pacific, the democracy of Japan offered some opportunity for regional diplomacy. In the arena of multilateralism, Australia and Japan's work on the International Commission on Nuclear Non-proliferation and Disarmament remains as evidence of their developing cooperative activism. However, in 2007 Australia eschewed the opportunity to participate in quadrilateral talks with the United States, Japan, and India, given China's _demarche_ against the grouping. The country not much discussed in the Australian literature is Indonesia. Though Australia and Indonesia have worked cooperatively to respond to some of the regional people smuggling concerns in the past few years, this pairing has yet to realize its potential. President Obama may have categorized Australia with a suite of others when he stated that " _the United States does not have a closer or a better ally than Australia_ ," but undeniably, the United States remains as Australia's preeminent security partner and the backbone of Australia's regional security approach. Its relationship with the United States was the central motivating feature of Australia's post 9/11 deployments. Nevertheless, in the immediate post–Cold War period, Australia also sought to situate itself as a mature state cognizant of the role that regional institutional building and evolving bilateral relations would have in the sustenance of Australian security. Spurred by successive Prime Ministers Hawke and Keating, Australia was influential in the construction of the ARF (despite U.S. initial objections) as a means by which East Asian security institutional building could develop. Comprising the ASEAN states plus states with security interests in the region including Australia, Canada, China, India, Japan, New Zealand, Russia, South Korea, and the United States, the forum was designed to contribute to preventive diplomacy through dialogue, transparency, and confidence-building. Though the ASEAN Defence Ministers Ministerial (ADMM+) has evolved from this forum, Australia's preference is for both institutions to more actively address security concerns. ASEAN's disinclination to pragmatically address the East Timor crisis of 1999 was demonstrative of this reluctance. If state-based intervention is problematic, there is no question that Australia has an interest in this group functioning, at the least, to address the suite of regional transnational concerns that include securing the maritime environment and preventing the spread of communicable disease. As Australia attempts to confront the interconnected security problems of fragile Pacific Island states as they experience the problems of poor economies of scale and governance in improving the social and economic circumstances for their populations, it looks to New Zealand for support. However, critiques of Australian diplomacy oscillate between that of declining influence and accusations of interventionist hegemony. As illustrative of the diminution of Australia's South Pacific influence, General Bainimarama, self-installed leader after the latest coup in Fiji, has recently assumed a position as head of the Melanesian Spearhead Group contrary to Australia's requests. Noteworthy here is that China provides funding for the Melanesian Spearhead Group. Moreover, China continues to provide extensive financial support for Fiji, as its economy has contracted dramatically since Bainimarama's usurpation of power. Reactions to Systemic Change Though new security issues have come to prominence at the outset of this century, systemic change is repositioning the state to the forefront of the national security questions for Australia. Accompanying the stated expenditure for the expansion in the national security apparatus are ongoing defense spending increases. As a response to the expanded nature of threat perception the government has committed to a real increase of 3 percent in defense spending to 2017–2018 and to 2 percent to 2030. In the May 2010 budget, a total of AUD$25.7 billion was allocated for defense spending. The 2009 Defence White Paper reflected the renewed Australian focus on protecting its national interests in an era of dynamism in the geostrategic landscape and with the possibility of great power rivalry. All of which were exacerbated by the varying effects of the GFC and the ongoing need for stability in the global economy. As former Defence Minister Joel Fitzgibbon observed, the government's assessment of systemic change is that Australia can expect changed strategic power relativities and an increasingly 'multipolar' global order driven by changing patterns of underlying economic power and political influence. [Further] there are likely to be tensions between the major powers of the region where the interests of the United States, China, Japan, India, and Russia intersect. As other powers rise, and the primacy of the US is likely to be tested, power relations will inevitably change'. In making the judgment that the United States has a range of global interests and may be stretched elsewhere, the government is of the opinion that Australian assistance, presumably to assist in convergent objectives, may be required in regional security matters. Alternately, the Rudd government argued that China's responsibilities to explicitly document its strategic intentions as an adjunct to its increasing power projection capabilities were manifest. While the Labor Party's framework for advancing Australia's interests internationally rests on the three pillars of commitment to the U.S. alliance, regional engagement, and multilateral commitment, principally through the UN and its agencies, Australia's response to these changes to date has been to express its commitment to working with the United States and to advocate strengthened regional institutions that are inclusive of the United States in the maintenance of regional stability and order. At

the Funashita name. Ben can push the cuisine in new and interesting directions at night, so long as Chikako keeps the table filled with the fruits of fermentation in the morning. This is no small responsibility. This isn't like inheriting your mom's cookie skills or carrying on your dad's reputation at the grill. To make Noto cuisine is an act of patience and sacrifice, one that forgoes the ease of modern conveniences like supermarkets and industrial ingredients for a deeper commitment to land and legacy. It means adapting your life to fit the fickle behavior of the seasons. It means understanding tidal rhythms and weather patterns by how they translate to the table. It means _mottainai_ , "nothing goes to waste," a philosophy that resonates through every facet of Japanese food culture. It's an ethos born not simply out of necessity or industriousness but out of the Shinto belief that objects have souls and should be honored accordingly. To understand how seriously the people of Noto take the concept of waste, consider the fugu dilemma. Japanese blowfish, best known for its high toxicity, has been a staple of Noto cuisine for hundreds of years. During the late Meiji and early Edo periods, local cooks in Noto began to address a growing concern with fugu fabrication; namely, how to make use of the fish's deadly ovaries. Pregnant with enough poison to kill up to twenty people, the ovaries—like the toxic liver—had always been disposed of, but the cooks of Noto finally had enough of the waste and set out to crack the code of the toxic reproductive organs. Thus ensued a long, perilous period of experimentation. Locals rubbed ovaries in salt, then in _nukamiso_ , a paste made from rice bran, and left them to ferment. Taste-testing the not-quite-detoxified fugu ovary was a lethal but necessary part of the process, and many years and many lives later, they arrived at a recipe that transformed the ovaries from a deadly disposable into an intensely flavored staple. Today pickled fugu ovaries remain one of Noto's most treasured delicacies. The star of the breakfast table: a piece of mackerel fermented for four years _(Matt Goulding)_ Chikako doesn't pickle fugu ovaries at Flatt's—one of the few ingredients spared fermentation at the inn—but to dedicate yourself to Noto cuisine is to see every ingredient through the same prism: how to extract every last bit of life from what nature provides. Once you accept _mottainai_ as a starting point, your life must be organized accordingly. Those persimmons don't stop ripening just because you wanted to go to Kanazawa today; that fish won't dry properly unless you gut it and salt it before the sun goes down. Chikako never stops moving, her day like a seamless sixteen-hour tutorial on how to carry the traditions of Noto forward: serve breakfast, scale some tiny fish, talk with guests, peel and juice a hundred mandarins, draw a bath, fill a bucket with plums and purple shiso leaves. "In twenty-seven years, my parents never took a day off," says Chikako. "My dad would say, 'Day off? What would I do with a day off? You can't take a day off from your life.'" More than just hard work and organization, these practices require an immense body of knowledge. Which mushrooms are safe for pickling and which will kill you? Is this type of fish best preserved in rice bran or in salt? What can I do with this tiny piece of the fruit that always ends up in the compost pile? "The other day my mom got really upset that I was throwing away the stems on the persimmons we pick," Chikako tells me one morning. "We pickle the peels, we dry the flesh of the fruit, but apparently the stems can be used to make tea." Persimmon-stem tea isn't a recipe you'll find online; it's not an idea you'd stumble onto when you buy a bag of persimmons at the store. It strikes you only after enough dirt has found its way under your fingernails. Chikako and Ben's lives are inexorably linked to an ever-expanding list of seasonal tasks. In summer, they work through the garden bounty, drying and pickling the fruits and vegetables at peak ripeness. Fall brings chestnuts to pick, chili paste to make, mushrooms to hunt. Come winter, Noto's seas are flush with the finest sea creatures, which means pickling fish for _hinezushi_ and salting squid guts for _ishiri_. In the spring, after picking mountain vegetables and harvesting seaweed, they plant the garden and begin again the cycle that will feed them, their family, and their guests in the year ahead. When things go well in the wild, Noto tradition has it that you should share with your neighbors. If generous rain brings you a bumper crop of mandarins, you give the families living around you a surprise taste of the season. In turn, when their cherry trees explode or their sweet potatoes sprout, they'll return the favor. It's a carryover from the barter economy that existed on this peninsula for most of its history, well into the twentieth century. In a country known best for its overwhelming urban sprawl, these flashes of rural ritual take on a very special importance. "We might not wear kimonos every day," says Chikako (who just so happens to be trained in the intricate art of kimono dress), "but it's amazing the traditional way still survives." One morning, after days of politely ignoring my request, Chikako takes me down to the _shokeba_. This is the most important room in the house, the nerve center of Noto cuisine, and I've been eager to take it all in. At first I think Chikako's hesitance is because the room might be messy, or because she fears I might try to reveal the family recipes, but the more time I spend in Noto and the more I speak with Chikako and Ben, the more I realize that to invite someone into your _shokeba_ is like sitting them down with a family album—an intimate experience that requires a level of trust and familiarity. The _shokeba_ at Flatt's is housed in a basement below the kitchen. It looks exactly like you'd imagine a pickle shed to look: dark, crowded, shelves and cement floor cluttered with plastic bottles, glass jars, large yellow buckets with contents unknown. In total Chikako and Ben have nearly two hundred different projects in the works down here, a motley collection of floating fruit, shrinking vegetables, and degrading protein. There are vinegars made from persimmon and plum, kimchi made with cabbage and daikon, liquors infused with anything that grows: yuzu, quince, grape, wild strawberry. Like a bodega, the pickle shed is filled with living, evolving products that capture a particular moment in time: the great rains of '88, the dry spell of '91, the near-perfection of 2002. The beauty of the _shokeba_ is that right now, at this very moment, it all tastes incrementally different from how it tasted yesterday and how it will taste tomorrow. Today is today, and no other day will ever be the same. Chikako opens a few buckets to show me what she has working. In one, she grabs a fistful of tiny plums stained half purple with shiso leaves, _umeboshi_ midway through its cure. Another contains soybeans well on their way to becoming miso. The room is thick with the smell of transformation, a powerful stench that recalls a dark corner of an old library, emanating a mysterious and meaningful musk. Chikako squats down and lifts the lid on a short, wide yellow trash can, and the room explodes with another dimension of funk. "This is our _konka saba_ ," she says, wiping off a muddy layer of rice husk. Below is buried a heap of mackerel

Home » Knowledge Center » Industry News » CMS EHR Toolkit Gives a Glimpse into Potential Compliance Issues CMS EHR Toolkit Gives a Glimpse into Potential Compliance Issues By Sheri Poe Bernard Comments Off on CMS EHR Toolkit Gives a Glimpse into Potential Compliance Issues Coder's Voice The toolkit clarifies risks and provides guidance, but more can be done to address software and user pitfalls. Without any fanfare, the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) last year published its Electronic Health Records Toolkit, offering coders, facilities, and providers a glimpse of the regulatory risks that CMS assigns to improper EHR use. Anyone with an EHR who hasn't reviewed the CMS documents should access the Toolkit and distribute all or parts of it to providers, coders, and legal counsel, as appropriate. Although the Toolkit falls short of answering many questions regarding documentation and coding compliance, it gives a glimpse into what CMS considers the important regulatory issues associated with electronic records, and provides some rudimentary guidance. For example, the Toolkit file, "Ensuring Proper Use of Electronic Health Record Features and Capabilities: A Decision Table," states these best practices: … providers must recognize each encounter as a standalone record, and ensure the documentation for that encounter reflects the level of service actually provided. It further recommends creation of an internal policy, in which: … providers should weigh efficiency against the potential for inaccurate, fraudulent, or unmanageable documentation. Regarding authorship of an EHR entry, the Toolkit advises: Each entry not solely authored by the user must be validated in a manner similar to bibliographic notations and include the name, date, time, and source of the data. This can be satisfied by system software design that routinely provides validation. Documents in the CMS Electronic Health Records Toolkit include: Program Integrity Issues in Electronic Health Records: An Overview Resource Handout Resources for Program Integrity in Electronic Health Records Detecting and Responding to Fraud, Waste, and Abuse Associated With the Use of Electronic Health Records Booklist Preparing for and Responding to Audits of Electronic Health Records Checklist Detecting and Investigating Unauthorized Access to Electronic Health Records – A Case Study Compliance Checklist for Electronic Health Records A Compliance Program for Electronic Health Records Fact Sheet Ensuring Proper Use of Electronic Health Record Features and Capabilities: A Decision Table Documentation Integrity in Electronic Health Records Conducting Internal Monitoring and Auditing – Job Aid Manual Review of Electronic Health Records – Job Aid CMS Hasn't Defined Clinical Documentation Expectations CMS became a key player in the EHR arena in 2009, when the federal government enacted the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health (HITECH) Act as part of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act. HITECH was designed to stimulate adoption of EHRs capable of advancements in patient care quality, including e-prescribing and interoperability. Incentives of up to $44,000 per provider were offered for timely implementation of EHRs, along with a small penalty of approximately $500 per year for Medicare-participating providers who failed to implement compliant EHR systems within the CMS timeline. The Office of the National Coordinator for Health Information Technology (ONC) developed an EHR certification program to limit risks to providers and facilities shopping for EHRs, and to ensure providers receiving the incentive purchase "legitimate" EHRs. The ONC certification covers issues identified by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) as critical to national EHR success, mostly involving format structure that is easily transmitted and retrieved, but that is also secure and private and has "meaningful use." These certification programs were in place when EHR purchases under HITECH began, but it's important to understand that the EHR "certification" criteria predominantly address administrative and information technology-related content. Some clinical issues were included when they satisfied HHS initiatives such as performance measures and e-prescribing; however, certification failed to address non-compliant, day-to-day coding and clinical documentation features in EHRs, which focused on time-saving macros (often mislabeled as templates) and quick-pick lists of codes. Certification had little to do with clinical documentation excellence or coding accuracy and compliance; some clinical and coding advocates are hopeful that the Toolkit will fix some of that deficiency. Although CMS waited six years after HITECH to publish its first EHR guidance, the CMS Toolkit remains fuzzy in its vision regarding clinical documentation and coding issues relating to EHRs. For example, with the EHR feature called "populating by default," a review of systems (ROS) or physical exam is already filled out for the provider for a new date of service. The form shows all systems are normal. The provider changes only the systems having abnormalities in the review or exam. The problem with "populating by default" is that it reports work the provider may not have performed because it assumes all body systems were reviewed and a complete physical exam was performed. This plays havoc with evaluation and management (E/M) leveling. Although stating that populating by default may result in the reporting of services that were not delivered, the Toolkit falls short of outlawing "population by default;" instead, saying the provider should verify the validity of auto-populated information. It offers no best practices solution for populating by default, although a simple best practice might be to turn off this function in the EHR. EHR Problem Areas to Watch In some instances, in "Ensuring Proper Use of Electronic Health Record Features and Capabilities: A Decision Table," CMS states in the "best practices" field that there are none to report at this time. It's not known whether we can look to CMS for more detailed and helpful guidance in the future. Many providers and coders today cite degradation of the clinical record as a result of templates, micros, macros, and copy/paste, and are looking for a fix. "The medical record is becoming so large and unwieldy as to be indecipherable," Steven J. Stack, MD, chair of the American Medical Association (AMA), said in an address to CMS in 2013. "CMS should provide clear and direct guidance to physicians concerning the permissible use of EHR clinical documentation for the purposes of coding and billing." EHR improvement aligns with CMS goals, too. The Evaluation and Management Services Guide issued by CMS states: Clear and concise medical record documentation is critical to providing patients with quality care and is required in order for providers to receive accurate and timely payment for furnished services. Medical records chronologically report the care a patient received and are used to record pertinent facts, findings and observations about the patient's health history. Medical record documentation assists physicians and other health care professionals in evaluating and planning the patient's immediate treatment and monitoring the patient's health care over time. Stephen Levinson, MD, CHCA, author of AMA publications Practical E/M and Practical EHR, identifies five intrinsically flawed design and functionality features that are prevalent in most current EHRs. These flaws, according to Levinson, are capable of disrupting both compliance and physicians' medical diagnostic process: Failure to consider medical necessity (which Medicare defines as "the overarching criterion for payment") into guidance for appropriate levels of care, documentation, and code selection. According to the AMA's CPT guidelines for E/M, considering (and documenting) the nature of the presenting problem(s) provides confirmation and support for medical necessity. Failure to guide and require documentation of the qualitative (i.e., individualized descriptive) aspects of care as defined in 1997 Documentation Guidelines. Required qualitative data includes, for: Chief compliant: "stated in the patient's own words" (rather than a forwarded copy of previously entered diagnosis); HPI: the "chronological description" of the course of the patient's illness; PFHS and ROS: "supplementing" with pertinent positive and negative responses to inquiries about details of the positive responses to questions in these history areas; PE: "specific abnormal and relevant negative findings"; and Clinical assessment: patient-specific and visit-specific descriptions of diagnoses (e.g., location, severity, extent, and status relevant to previous encounters). 3. Non-compliant coding engines (based on the non-sanctioned, incomplete, and non-compliant "scoring sheet" introduced as a coding short cut in 1995. 4. Use of data

every book that has ever been published has managed to find its place on the bookshelf, even if it had to make one for itself. I have admired you for soooo long. Thank you for sharing your insights. Jane, thanks for the wisdom. I will try to remember "I show up" for the rest of my life. It is amazing that such simple words can embody such a powerful message. What a wonderful story. Inspiration is everywhere. Wow, just wow! You are amazing, Jane Yolen! I've been waiting for the day I can tell you that. Thanks for your inspiring words of encouragement! What a fascinating topic, Jane. I love to travel, too, and will need to revisit my photo albums from those journeys and gather a few ideas. Love the angel sculpture. . .eye candy for sure! Thank you, Jane, for reminding us to 'show up'. Thanks, Jane! I'm having a date with my muse right now…! Thank you so much for such wonderful advice. Thank you for spending time with us. I just love you and appreciate your work. I also appreciate when we are reminded that we do the work for the sake of the work itself, because we enjoy it. I look forward to your book, THE STONE ANGEL when it comes out. This is a topic I have been thinking about a lot lately – writing from the heart, that book that really speaks to you versus writing to a precise formula. I have projects that I feel like I need to forget about because they don't fit that precise formula. The more I try to get them to fit, the farther they get from my original vision and goals. Rather than tossing the story in frustration, I want to find the peace in creating the story I was meant to tell and lovingly set the story aside. Thank you for this inspiration! A beautiful image that spoke to you because you work hard at listening. Thank you for an inspiring post, and a reminder (because we keep needing them, I do) to listen and follow and work. Yes, you truly have to write about what moves you in some way – otherwise what's the point? And hopefully, you can convey what has moved you to the reader so the reader walks away with a gift. Thank you for sharing. I won't be surprised if BIC winds up in a dictionary of writing terminology some day, along with MC and POV. Thanks for the inspiration you are to us all! Thank you for sharing your wisdom. I have a small fraction of your many books in my personal library and have been amazed by your prodigious body of work (which continues to grow!) I appreciate your reminder that so much of writing is showing up every day, being ready for the muse, and listening when she arrives. Thank you for your many wonderful works and insights. You are our "writing angel" for sharing your writing inspirations. I am looking forward to The Stone Angel" and will remember the photograph shared with us. I hope someday, I will be able to bump into you at SCBWI. Thank you! Hello Jane.. thank you so much for sharing your inspirations. I love your books . In awe of all your books. My absolute favorite is EENY MEENY MINEY MOLE. Waiting for the sequel. Hope it's still in the offing. You obviously 'show up' every day. No magic formula. Just lots of dedication, hard work, and persistence. Thanks for taking time to share your ideas with all of us. When 'fingers dance' and 'characters tap you on the shoulder', the magic does work. Thank you, Jane for lovely comments and all your books.. Sometimes my fingers "dance across the keyboard" and sometimes the keys just feel like a bed of sharp nails. Thanks for sharing your story with us. Great insight. There really is inspiration everywhere! So many ideas, so little time. Thank you for contributing. Thanks for your very basic, yet astute premise to success: to show up! 300 books for children? That's amazing! I love the encouragement to write from the heart, not to the "market." Hopefully those manuscripts written like that will find their place, just as your unconventional angel picture book did. Thank you! I am in awe right now because you, Jane Yolen, are one of the main reasons why I became a picture book author. And, I am so thrilled to hear you say how important it is to follow your heart. I fully believe that this is the only way to achieve great writing. Thank you! I like the idea of fingers dancing across the keyboard. Thanks for the post. Hello Jane and thank you, your boundless enthusiasm and your well placed cautions against "writing for the market." Your wisdom underline the importance of writing from the heart. Having stories one needs to share with children is an ideal starting place, as you have said so well. Your newest book sounds interesting. I'm looking forward to reading it upon it's release. Thanks for taking time from your busy schedule to share your sage advice with all of us. Jane, Thank you so much. I needed to hear this. Thank you for your wonderful post. Thank you for reminding us that inspiration can come from anywhere, and not to dismiss it, simply because it doesn't seem to fit. We should always write from the heart! Virtue of hard work…show up, thank you for sharing! lovely post. thank you for sharing so much with the kidlit community. i follow your posts on FB. Jane, It is such a pleasure to read about your successes! This story brought another one to mind, Briar Rose, which is very memorable to me because of the young MC and her ordeal during the cold war. Loved it! By any chance, did Briar Rose begin as a short story? Tara, Thanks so much for sharing Jane's story! I looked at your website and really enjoyed your post, "For Writers." I recommend that everyone read it. It's a great post on rejection and writing organically from such an accomplished writer. Oh my word – this was so beautifully written. I am printing this post and hanging it on my inspiration board. Thank you. I am frequently told that my manuscripts are not PB's but chapter books or novels. I am wondering if I can write a PB at all. Thank you, Jane, for not giving up on telling your story as a PB. This inspires me to persevere and keep honing my stories. What a wonderful post! Thank you for your wisdom and honesty… And the magic. Can't wait to read "The Stone Angel." You are an inspiration every day! Thanks for sharing with us. Very inspiring! I look forward to reading 'The Stone Angel'. Thank you. Thanks for sharing this post. Magical indeed. The book will mean so much more with the image of the angel apartment in my brain. Great blog. Thanks for the permission to write what you want, not what you think they want. You're work is wonderful Jane, and you are an inspiration to me. Thanks for being part of this PiBoIdMo form and sharing your time with us. I had the good fortune to hear Jane Yolen speak at an SCBWI conference a few years back and have her critique a manuscript. She is truly an inspiration. Thank you! Thank you! Very inspiring. Thank you for sharing your wisdom with us. I can't wait to read The Stone Angel. I lived in Paris about 20 years ago and used to take walks in the old Jewish quarter near the Rue Des Rosiers. There was an elementary school with a plaque thanking the headmaster who had been there during the war for risking his life to protect his students. It has haunted me ever since. What a treat. Thank you Tara for inviting

at Microsoft Research whose papers are well worth reading her for her well researched and respected insights into teen behavour. There are plenty of other studies too. Nielsen's report on 'How Teens Use Media' [PDF] from last month. The notion that teens are too busy texting and Twittering to be engaged with traditional media is exciting, but false Teens are NOT abandoning TV for new media: In fact, they watch more TV than ever Teens love the Internet…but spend far less time browsing than adults It focuses on U.S. and while it covers much of the same ground it backs it all up with, you know, numbers. Going back a bit further, Forrester conducted a survey of European teens for DIUS last year, and wrote it up in a report called 'How are young people using social media'. Regarding Teens and twitter, of course some teens certainly do use Twitter (according to Sysomos recently, 31% of Twitter's users self-disclosed age is between 15 and 19) but here's Nielsen again: "Twitterers are not primarily teens or college students as you might expect. In fact, in February the largest age group on Twitter was 35-49; with nearly 3 million unique visitors, comprising almost 42 percent of the site's audience." Meanwhile, CNET reported last month on a survey from Pace University and the Participatory Media Network: "While 99 percent of 18- to 24-year-olds have profiles on social networks, only 22 percent use Twitter, according to a new survey from Pace University and the Participatory Media Network. … 85 percent of them follow friends, 54 percent follow celebrities, 29 percent follow family members, and 29 percent follow companies" Derek E Baird's Barking Robot blog ('musings on Generation Y educational and kids media, online community and youth culture') is a great resource for people working in those fields. Recently, a post about teens and twitter gave a great summary of various studies and reports too. If the personal touch appeals to you though, consider getting a few different viewpoints. Particularly interesting was the Guardian's publishing of two more British teenagers responses yesterday: Izzy Alderson Blench, aged 16 years, 11 months: "Matthew claims that teenagers don't have time for television or reading a newspaper. Maybe that is because he is too busy chatting to his friends on Xbox Live 360. Living in a rural area, Virgin Media is not available and the vast majority of teenagers I know use Sky. Instead of using BBC iPlayer or 4od, teenagers will record programmes on to their Sky+ box and watch later." The music program most popular with teenagers I know is Spotify. With last.fm (Matthew's choice) it isn't always possible to listen to exactly the song you want; with Spotify, it is. teenagers DO read newspapers. Real ones, not just freesheets (you don't get thelondonpaper in East Sussex, funnily enough). Even if it is just the weekend section or the magazine, the majority of teenagers will read an interview or feature in a newspaper regularly. Some even read the news." and Eloise Veljovic, 17 years, 1 month: "As a teenager who lives in a small town in Kent, I feel some of his comments to be unfair on the general population I believe that the radio culture is thriving among the younger generations. With popular presenters such as Chris Moyles and Fearne Cotton spilling over into other genres, teenagers are keen to keep up to date with their radio shows, even if only for the 10 minute car journey to school As a teenage girl who cannot tell Ronaldo from Ronaldinho, I tend not to spend five hours a week watching football. I also disagree with Robson's take on the BBC iPlayer and his correlation to less television viewing time. Most teenagers live with the comfort and reassurance of Sky or Sky+ and will be informed whether their programme is about to begin or when it will next be on. Therefore, the use of services such as 4od or iPlayer are irrelevant and unnecessary." The full article is well worth a look and helps balance some of the London boy centric points. Update: Kevin Anderson follows up with further discussion and more links to useful studies. July 15, 2009 | socialmedia, twitter | 3 Comments Notes from C21 Social Media Forum C21's Social Media Forum said that the event would provide a creative workshop that defines and develops how the producers channels and rights owners can work with social media platforms to develop business and extend creativity. And generate new revenue streams today! Despite not being desperately bothered about generating new revenue streams, I was sufficiently interested by the rest of the description to book a place. Of course, I wasn't really expecting it to deliver on its promise of being a 'creative workshop', and it didn't. The event was more of a traditional conference, with speakers and time-for-questions. Overall, it was quite useful though, especially the morning sessions. Here are selected notes from some of the more interesting slots: Opening keynote: Building brands with social media, Ann Longley (Digital strategy director, Mediaedge:cia) how do we use social media, and what it means. "You'd have to be living under a rock not to notice Twitter these days" "What's happening in Iran shows the power of social media beyond entertainment| "press coverage of Twitter signals the 'mainstreaming' of social media" What is social media anyway? Quote from MEC Guide to Social Media – "all online activities, tools, platforms and practices that allow users to collaborate, create, …" "Traditional broadcasting model is breaking down" social media is dominated by UGC: creating, sharing and remixing content campaigning – e.g. NUS vs HSCB, M&S bra size cost, 13k on FB. There's no such thing as local news any more. organising protests has never been easier finding out what people are saying about your brands online: "Many brands have fans online, even without actively cultivating it. It happens naturally." "smart brands cultivate their fanbase" "smart fans influence brands" (or at least, influence brands which listen) (while brands can avert crises by listening (Sony Bravia defusing negative story around Paint advert by monitoring online before it turned into a problem) "…and invite their customers to help them" What makes a good social media strategy? At the heart of any campaign you need a good product or service. Examples: Obama – being everywhere, T-mobile – UGC, Skins – energising their fanbase, Sony Ericsson – pocketTV, Dell – going from Dell hell to Idea Storm content, communities and conversations = conversion (to £ or eyeballs) social entertainment: social media enriching experiences. creative industries engaging audiences across channels some examples of Alternative Reality Games ("it's kind of a geeky thing, seen as quite left-field and not compelling for a mainstream audience…", but interesting anyway) – cited McDonalds' The Lost Ring, Superstruct, Penguin's We Tell Stories A Swarm of Angels…. earned media: word of mouth from friends and trusted people Whuffie: in a post scarcity economy, reputation and social capital rule. How to work with Joost to extend your entertainment brand, Henrik Werdelin (Chief creative officer, Joost) people are increasingly consuming an audience online, but how do people find the stuff to watch? social discovery is underdeveloped. The whole internet seems to be centered around Google and SEO the web is bad at helping people find stuff they didn't know they wanted to watch new content discovery methods are algorithmic (amazon, joost, iplayer) and equivalent to zapping / channel-hopping (i.e stumbleupon) "you should watch this show about pandas" vs "28 of your friends really love this show…" – Joost uses FB connect to help with this sort of social discovery ' behaviour generated content' AKA 'social triggers': generating user content without having to do anything. e.g. FB activity feeds from status changes. Going from single to married used to be just a metadata change is now an item of activity in a feed. And an important one. personalisation: subscriptions & data visualisation realtime-web: co-watching. what are your friends doing right now? 2% creators, 8% particpators, 90% lurkers/passive viewers. How do

is the most momentous and contentious environmental book since "Silent Spring." More Signs of stress must not be ignored, IEA warns in its new World Energy Outlook Energy sector must tackle longer-term pressure points before they reach breaking point Events of the last year have increased many of the long-term uncertainties facing the global energy sector, says the International Energy Agency's (IEA) World Energy Outlook 2014 (WEO-2014). It warns against the risk that current events distract decision makers from recognising and tackling the longer-term signs of stress that are emerging in the energy system. In the central scenario of WEO-2014, world primary energy demand is 37% higher in 2040, putting more pressure on the global energy system. But this pressure would be even greater if not for efficiency measures that play a vital role in holding back global demand growth. The scenario shows that world demand for two out of the three fossil fuels – coal and oil – essentially reaches a plateau by 2040, although, for both fuels, this global outcome is a result of very different trends across countries. At the same time, renewable energy technologies gain ground rapidly, helped by falling costs and subsidies (estimated at $120 billion in 2013). By 2040, world energy supply is divided into four almost equal parts: low-carbon sources (nuclear and renewables), oil, natural gas and coal. In an in-depth focus on nuclear power, WEO-2014 sees installed capacity grow by 60% to 2040 in the central scenario, with the increase concentrated heavily in just four countries (China, India, Korea and Russia). Despite this, the share of nuclear power in the global power mix remains well below its historic peak. Nuclear power plays an important strategic role in enhancing energy security for some countries. It also avoids almost four years' worth of global energy-related carbon-dioxide (CO2) emissions by 2040. However, nuclear power faces major challenges in competitive markets where there are significant market and regulatory risks, and public acceptance remains a critical issue worldwide. Many countries must also make important decisions regarding the almost 200 nuclear reactors due to be retired by 2040, and how to manage the growing volumes of spent nuclear fuel in the absence of permanent disposal facilities. "As our global energy system grows and transforms, signs of stress continue to emerge," said IEA Executive Director Maria van der Hoeven. "But renewables are expected to go from strength to strength, and it is incredible that we can now see a point where they become the world's number one source of electricity generation." The report sees a positive outlook for renewables, as they are expected to account for nearly half of the global increase in power generation to 2040, and overtake coal as the leading source of electricity. Wind power accounts for the largest share of growth in renewables-based generation, followed by hydropower and solar technologies. However, as the share of wind and solar PV in the world's power mix quadruples, their integration becomes more challenging both from a technical and market perspective. World oil supply rises to 104 million barrels per day (mb/d) in 2040, but hinges critically on investments in the Middle East. As tight oil output in the United States levels off, and non-OPEC supply falls back in the 2020s, the Middle East becomes the major source of supply growth. Growth in world oil demand slows to a near halt by 2040: demand in many of today's largest consumers either already being in long-term decline by 2040 (the United States, European Union and Japan) or having essentially reached a plateau (China, Russia and Brazil). China overtakes the United States as the largest oil consumer around 2030 but, as its demand growth slows, India emerges as a key driver of growth, as do sub-Saharan Africa, the Middle East and Southeast Asia. "A well-supplied oil market in the short-term should not disguise the challenges that lie ahead, as the world is set to rely more heavily on a relatively small number of producing countries," said IEA Chief Economist Fatih Birol. "The apparent breathing space provided by rising output in the Americas over the next decade provides little reassurance, given the long lead times of new upstream projects." Demand for gas is more than 50% higher in 2040, and it is the only fossil fuel still growing significantly at that time. The United States remains the largest global gas producer, although production levels off in the late-2030s as shale gas output starts to recede. East Africa emerges alongside Qatar, Australia, North America and others as an important source of liquefied natural gas (LNG), which is an increasingly important tool for gas security. A key uncertainty for gas outside of North America is whether it can be made available at prices that are low enough to be attractive for consumers and yet high enough to incentivise large investments in supply. While coal is abundant and its supply relatively secure, its future use is constrained by measures to improve efficiency, tackle local pollution and reduce CO2 emissions. Coal demand is 15% higher in 2040 but growth slows to a near halt in the 2020s. Regional trends vary, with demand reaching a peak in China, dropping by one-third in the United States, but continuing to grow in India. The global energy system continues to face a major energy poverty crisis. In sub-Saharan Africa (the regional focus of WEO-2014), two out of every three people do not have access to electricity, and this is acting as a severe constraint on economic and social development. Meanwhile, costly fossil-fuel consumption subsidies (estimated at $550 billion in 2013) are often intended to help increase energy access, but fail to help those that need it most and discourage investment in efficiency and renewables. A critical "sign of stress" is the failure to transform the energy system quickly enough to stem the rise in energy-related CO2 emissions (which grow by one-fifth to 2040) and put the world on a path consistent with a long-term global temperature increase of 2°C. In the central scenario, the entire carbon budget allowed under a 2°C climate trajectory is consumed by 2040, highlighting the need for a comprehensive and ambitious agreement at the COP21 meeting in Paris in 2015. The World Energy Outlook is for sale at the IEA bookshop. Journalists who would like more information should contact ieapressoffice@iea.org. Download the following resources: The WEO-2014 executive summary IEA Executive Director Maria van der Hoeven and Chief Economist Fatih Birol's‌ presentation About the IEA The International Energy Agency is an autonomous organisation that works to ensure reliable, affordable and clean energy for its 29 member countries and beyond. Founded in response to the 1973/4 oil crisis, the IEA's initial role was to help countries co-ordinate a collective response to major disruptions in oil supply. While this remains a key aspect of its work, the IEA has evolved and expanded. It is at the heart of global dialogue on energy, providing authoritative research, statistics, analysis and recommendations. Russia, China Sign Second Mega-Gas Deal: Beijing Becomes Largest Buyer Of Russian Gas November 9, 2014 Nomad_Kx As we previewed on Friday, when we reported that "Russia Nears Completion Of Second "Holy Grail" Gas Deal With China", moments ago during the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation forum taking place this weekend in Beijing, Russia and China signed 17 documents Sunday, greenlighting a second "mega" Russian natural gas to China via the so-called "western" or "Altay" route, which as previously reported, would supply 30 billion cubic meters (bcm) of gas a year to China. Russian President Vladimir Putin and Chinese leader Xi Jinping Among the documents signed between Russian President Vladimir Putin and Chinese leader Xi Jinping were the memorandum on the delivery of Russian natural gas to China via the western route, the framework agreement on gas supplies between Russia's Gazprom and China's CNPC and the

By Manly Sneeze Today, I would like to say I pinched a nerve throwing punches, but no, I did it by sneezing. FML Serious times By Anonymous - Vietnam - Ho Chi Minh City Today, at a candlelit dinner, I accidentally set my dad's leg on fire. FML By sunil - Canada - Calgary Today, my 8-year-old son microwaved his pet hamster. FML By dumbass1991 - United States Today, I was messing around on my laptop by drawing on the screen with a marker pen. When it came time to clean it off, it wouldn't budge. Now I have a full beard and mustache etched permanently on my computer screen. FML By Cleanfreak? - Denmark - ?lborg Today, I got into an argument, followed by the silent treatment from my boyfriend, because I told him that he should change his underwear daily. FML By cock blocked - United States - San Francisco Today, I started work cleaning a customer's pool. I think her husband watches too much porn because he keeps glaring at me from the windows, and I overheard him telling his wife that he knows what's "going on" and that he's "not gonna let it happen". FML By Teddy Bear Today, while working in a kids' shop, I absent-mindedly called a small person with his mum a little man. I then hear a deep man's voice say "I'm not a little man." FML By jackmehoffa - United States - Green Bay Today, I posted on Facebook saying I'm in a new relationship. One of my buddies said, "You're cheating on Jill?" My girlfriend saw this and went completely nuts, not giving me a chance to explain that "Jill" is just a euphemism for your hand. FML By Wade - United States Today, I was sitting under a tree at a park. The dirt felt a little damp, so I assumed it was dew from the night. A homeless man walks over and asks me to move, then starts to pee under the tree, followed by another man. I was sitting in their bathroom. FML By Anonymous - Belgium Today, while shopping, my dad asked me to walk further away from him, saying I was cramping his style in front of all the chicks there. FML By welly223 - Canada Today, I was chosen by my coworkers to explain to my elderly boss that ''tossing the salad'' isn't another expression for saying ''brainstorming''. She didn't believe me. Guess we will all keep ''tossing the salad'' for new ideas each afternoon. FML By whyyyyyme - Canada Today, I also needed to add, "Does not currently live in a psychiatric hospital, after being declared 'Not criminally responsible for a crime'" to my list of qualities that I want in a man. FML By pinoyson - United States Today, I was texting a girl that I've liked for some time. When I asked her what she was doing, she replied "texting and p.s. I love you". I replied by telling her my feelings for her. Turns out "p.s. I love you" was the name of the movie she was watching with her friends. FML By WolfieJL - United States Today, my two year old puked in the backseat of the car. When we stopped to clean her up, she scooped up the vomit by the handful and threw it at my head. I had an almost two hour drive before I could wash the smell off myself. FML By Disappointment - United States - Gresham Today, I flew home to visit my parents. We haven't seen each other in two years, I've gotten a few tattoos done since, and I knew they wouldn't approve, so I bought whole new outfits that covered everything and looked professional. When I got there, the first thing my mom says to me is, "Is that a nose ring!?" FML By arghhh - United States Today, I finished my internship working in a government lab. I got paid $4000 for the summer. I was talking to my cousin, who said that when he worked as a carnie last summer he made $8000. I get paid half as much for doing research as a carnie does for serving people sno-cones. FML By wtf bro - 20/3/2020 07:00 - United States - Hesperia King Dick Today, after returning from some caveman type "men's retreat" with his buddies, my husband is now refusing to cook or help out with the house and kids as it's "women's work." He also expects to be fetched beer on demand and referred to as "King" from now on. I don't know rather to laugh or cry. FML By Oragami - 12/6/2020 14:07 Galaxy brain take Today, a customer told me it was bullshit we couldn't serve coffee because of the COVID restrictions, and added that the protests and riots happening are because people are bored. FML Today, I told my husband that I wanted to take advantage of the alone time we would have while our kids are visiting my parents. My idea? A nice dinner out and kinky sex all night long. His idea? Chinese buffet and subsequent dutch ovens in bed. FML By maalmawr - United States - Dearborn Today, a friend asked me to help him get rid of a girl who would't stop texting him. It worked perfectly. Now she's texting me nonstop. FML By hazyshadows - 18/3/2020 17:02 - United States - Edmond Too many cooks, etc. Today, I tried to make a grilled cheese sandwich for myself, but as soon as I started, my mom rushed into the kitchen and criticized me for making it "wrong". She then made the sandwich for me. It tasted significantly worse than when I make them. FML By LonelyShowers - United States - Mission Hills Today, my boyfriend pointed out that the water bill is getting kind of high. I suggested that we shower together to save water. He said he'd rather deal with the high water bill. FML By Anonymous - United States - Nampa Today, I took my binder on a short road trip two hours away from my home, so that I could study for my upcoming finals. When I got home, I realized I that had left my binder all the way there, containing my notes, classwork, homework, finals notes, etc. FML By whereismyring - United States - Los Angeles Today, my ex-boyfriend announced he was engaged. We broke up last night. FML Today, I had to go meet my professor at 12. I wound up showing up almost an hour late. Why? Because she doesn't teach at the campus I registered at. I wound up having to visit TWO different campuses before I reached the right one. FML By Kiddo - United States - Jacksonville Today, after months of patiently waiting, I finally got my roommates out of the house for the night so I could have sex with my boyfriend for the first time without being interrupted. He couldn't get it up. FML Today, it's been one week since my demented grandma babysat my five-year-old daughter while my husband took me to a fancy restaurant. Now she's taken to screaming and calling me a "damn commie" whenever I discipline or say no to her. FML Between a rock and a soft place Today, it's our eighth anniversary. My husband has struggled for a while with erectile dysfunction, and tonight he decided it wasn't worth trying. So now, he's sitting at home, soft, while I'm eating Taco Bell in the car. FML By Anonymous - United States - Atlanta Today, I met my boyfriend's parents for the first time. His father was completely wasted, his mom was high, and his 11-year-old sister was talking about her favorite alcoholic drinks at the dinner table. FML By Stingraybeemonster - Thailand Today, I was snorkeling when a stingray suddenly appeared when I thought I was just looking at sand. It startled me, so my heel made contact with a sea urchin so that then startled me, and my other foot

listed in TABLE~\ref{tab:table1}. The standard cryostats designed for these magnets are all $^4$He based (either bath or flow cryostats). Because of the demand to work at lower temperatures, we have constructed a simple $^3$He refrigerator which is compatible with the 17~tesla Oxford Instruments superconducting magnet at UF, and the 25~T resistive magnets at the NHMFL, as listed in TABLE~\ref{tab:table1}. A schematic of this refrigerator is shown in Fig.~1. \begin{figure} \includegraphics[width=50 mm]{Fig1} \caption{\label{fig:he3probe} A schematic diagram of the $^3$He probe used for sub-kelvin experiments in the Oxford Instruments 17~T superconducting magnet. See main text for a detailed description of its construction.} \end{figure} The 1.9~m long waveguide/cavity probe is inserted directly into the $^3$He space, which is constructed from a 7/8" ($=22.2$~mm) outer diameter stainless steel tube with a $0.010"$ ($=0.25$~mm) wall thickness. The lower 254~mm of this tube is double jacketed with a $1.00"$ ($=25.4$~mm) outer diameter. The volume between the two tubes is vacuum sealed in order to provide thermal isolation between the $^3$He liquid and the surrounding $^4$He vapor. The $^3$He condenses by means of heat exchange with the walls of the 7/8" tube (above the double jacketed region) which is inserted into the Oxford Instruments $^4$He flow cryostat operating at its base temperature of $\sim1.4$~K. After condensation of the full charge of $^3$He (5~liters at STP), sub-kelvin temperatures are achieved by pumping directly on the liquid by means of an external sealed rotary pump. The refrigerator operates in single-shot mode, i.e. the $^3$He is returned to a room temperature vessel, where it is stored until the next cooling cycle. A simple gas handling system controls the condensation of $^3$He gas, and the subsequent pumping of the gas back to the storage vessel. The $^3$He tube and gas handling system is checked for leaks prior to each cool down from room temperature. Although this design is simple, it has the disadvantage that the microwave probe comes into direct contact with the $^3$He vapor, thus potentially affecting the tuning of the cavity, as well as the phase of the microwaves reaching the cavity via over 3.8~m of waveguide; such phase fluctuations can cause drifts in signal intensity due to unavoidable standing waves in the waveguide. However, we have found that these problems are minimal when operating at the base $^3$He vapor pressure (0.15 torr). The temperature of the sample is then controlled by supplying heat to the copper cavity, which acts as an excellent heat reservoir, i.e. it ensures good thermal stability. The base temperature of the $^3$He refrigerator is 500 mK and it provides hold times of up to 2 hours. \subsection{\label{sec:level22}Rotating cavity} The configuration of the rotating cavity is shown in Fig.~2. \begin{figure} \includegraphics[width=70 mm]{Fig2} \caption{\label{fig:rcavity} A schematic diagram of the various components that make up the rotating cavity system. The sample may be placed on the end plate, which can then be rotated via an externally controlled worm drive. The wedge is used to clamp and un-clamp the end plate to/from the main resonator. See main text for a detailed description of the assembly and operation of the rotating cavity.} \end{figure} The principal components consist of the open-ended cylindrical resonator, the cavity end-plate and worm gear, a worm drive for turning the end-plate, and a wedge which facilitates external clamping and un-clamping of the cavity and end-plate. The cavity assembly is mounted on the under-side of a stage (not shown in Fig.~2), and the end-plate is centered on the axis of the cavity by means of a centering-plate. The upper part of the wedge is threaded, and passes through a threaded channel in the stage so that its vertical position can be finely controlled via rotation from above. Likewise, the worm drive is rotated from above, and accurately aligned with the worm gear via an unthreaded channel in the stage. Finally, the worm-drive and centering plate are additionally constrained laterally by means of an end cap and spindle (see below) which attaches to the under side of the resonator. The cavity, end plate, and stage are each machined from copper, thus ensuring excellent thermal stability of the environment surrounding the sample; the heater and thermometry are permanently contacted directly to the stage. The remaining components shown in Fig.~2 are made from brass~\cite{note1}. The internal diameter of the cavity (7.62~mm) is slightly less than the diameter of the end-plate, which is free to rotate within a small recess machined into the opening of the resonator. On its rear side, the copper end-plate mates with a brass gear which, in turn, rotates on an axis which is fixed by the centering-plate. As mentioned above, rotation of the worm gear and end-plate is achieved by turning the worm drive with the wedge disengaged from the end-plate. During experiments, a good reproducible contact between the end-plate and the main body of the cavity is essential for attaining the highest resonance $Q$-factors. This is achieved by engaging the wedge through a vertical channel in the centering-plate, where it transfers pressure along the axis of the end-plate. Fig.~3 displays labeled photographs of the 1st and 2nd generation rotating cavity assemblies. \begin{figure} \includegraphics[width=50 mm]{Fig3} \caption{\label{fig:rotatorpic} Photographs of the rotating cavity system; part of the cavity has been disassembled (end-plate and centering-plate) in order to view the inside of the cylindrical resonator. (a) shows the 1st generation rotating cavity, which fits into a 1" thin-walled stainless steel tube; this cavity is compatible with the 25~T magnets at the NHMFL and the QD PPMS and Oxford Instrument magnets at UF (see Table~\ref{tab:table1}). (b) shows the 2nd generation rotating cavity, which fits into a 3/4" thin-walled tube; this cavity is compatible with the highest field (45~T) resistive magnets at the NHMFL, as well as the $^3$He probe designed for the Oxford Instruments magnet at UF (see Fig.~1).} \end{figure} The 2nd generation version employs a smaller home-built worm drive, reducing the overall diameter of the probe to slightly below 3/4" ($=19.1$~mm), which enables its use in the highest field magnets at the NHMFL; the 1st generation probe has an outer diameter of just under 1". The wedge and worm gear are driven by stainless steel rods (Diameter~=~1/16", or 1.59~mm) which pass through vacuum tight `o'-ring seals at the top of the waveguide probe. Small set screws are used to fix the steel control rods into the worm drive and wedge (Fig.~2), and to fix the end-plate within the worm gear. Rotation of the worm gear is monitored via a simple turn-counting dial mounted at the top of the probe, having a readout resolution of 1/100th of a turn. Different worm drive/gear combinations are employed in the 3/4" and 1" diameter probes (see Fig.~3), with 1/41 and 1/20 gear ratios, respectively. Thus, the angle resolution on the dial redout corresponding to the actual sample orientation is approximately $0.09^\circ$ for the 3/4" probe, and $0.18^\circ$ for the 1" probe. Although both probes exhibit considerable backlash ($\sim 1^\circ$), this is easily avoided by consistently varying the sample orientation in either a clockwise or counter-clockwise sense. High resolution EPR measurements on single-molecule magnets (reported in section~III) have confirmed the angle resolution figures stated above. The stage also performs the task of clamping the V-band waveguides into position directly above the cavity coupling holes. As with previous cavity designs, a small channel [0.02" ($=0.51$~mm) wide and 0.02" deep] is machined between the waveguides on the under side of the stage; this channel mates with a similarly sized ridge located in between the coupling holes on the upper surface of the cavity housing (see Fig.~2). Our previous studies have demonstrated that this arrangement is extremely effective at minimizing any direct microwave leak between the incident and transmission waveguides and is, therefore, incorporated into all of our cavity designs~\cite{mola00}. A direct leak signal can be extremely detrimental to cavity perturbation measurements, causing a significant reduction in the useful dynamic range, and to uncontrollable phase and amplitude mixing, as explained in our previous paper~\cite{mola00}. The internal dimensions of the cylindrical resonator are $7.62$~mm~$\times~7.62$~mm (diameter $\times$ length). The center frequency of the TE011 mode of the unloaded cavity ($f_\circ$) is 51.863~GHz, with the possibility to work on higher-order modes as well. Using the ESA option, we have been able to conduct measurements up to 350~GHz~\cite{Edwards04}. While

factor. The Technical Release says the fact that the employer is the policyholder or the owner of the policy would not, by itself, indicate that the employer may retain the distributions. Rather, determining who is entitled to the distribution requires careful analysis of a broad range of factors including: The terms of the governing plan documents; The funding sources of the policy; The parties' understandings and representations; and Other relevant facts and circumstances. If the rebate is an ERISA plan asset, employers or others receiving a premium rebate payment and others with discretion over the use and handling of the rebate should take steps to ensure that they can demonstrate the rebate is handled and expended in accordance with ERISA's fiduciary responsibility requirements. Among other things, this means that rebated amounts should be: Held in trust unless the plan fiduciaries verify that an exception applies; Used only for the exclusive purpose of providing benefits to participants in the plan and their beneficiaries and defraying reasonable expenses of administering the plan; Handled in accordance with the fiduciary responsibility provisions of ERISA section 404 and the prohibited transaction provisions of ERISA section 406; Held in trust in accordance with ERISA section 403; and Not allowed to inure to the benefit of any employer. The Technical Release reminds plan sponsors and administrators that if the rebate is a plan asset, decisions about and actions taken to deposit in trust, allocate, apply, spend and other aspects of handling the plan's portion of a rebate generally are subject to ERISA's general standards of fiduciary conduct, prohibited transaction and trust requirements. The Technical Release also provides guidance about allocation of the rebate under certain circumstances and certain other questions that are likely to arise in connection with the receipt of a rebate. Insurers, brokers, consultants and others working with employers or other plan sponsors, administrators, or fiduciaries who may receive a rebate or otherwise involved in making funding decisions also may want to discuss the guidance and other fiduciary responsibility rules with their clients to help promote understanding and compliance. Because violations of ERISA's fiduciary responsibility rules can create personal liability, employer and other plan sponsors, plan fiduciaries and others participating in decisions or administration of a rebate exercise care in dealing with any rebate. Many plan sponsors also may want to consider reviewing and tightening as warranted existing plan, trust, insurance policy, plan communications and other documentation to lower risks and promote desired characterization of rebates and other amounts paid into or with respect to their plans. If you need help reviewing and updating, administering or defending your group health or other employee benefit, human resources, insurance, health care matters or related documents or practices or with other employee benefits, human resources, health care or insurance matters, please contact the author of this update, Cynthia Marcotte Stamer. A Fellow in the American College of Employee Benefit Council, immediate past Chair of the American Bar Association (ABA) RPTE Employee Benefits & Other Compensation Group and current Co-Chair of its Welfare Benefit Committee, Vice-Chair of the ABA TIPS Employee Benefits Committee, a council member of the ABA Joint Committee on Employee Benefits, and past Chair of the ABA Health Law Section Managed Care & Insurance Interest Group, Ms. Stamer is recognized, internationally, nationally and locally for her more than 24 years of work, advocacy, education and publications on leading health and managed care, employee benefit, human resources and related workforce, insurance and financial services, and health care matters. A board certified labor and employment attorney widely known for her extensive and creative knowledge and experienced with these and other employment, employee benefit and compensation matters, Ms. Stamer continuously advises and assists employers, employee benefit plans, their sponsoring employers, fiduciaries, insurers, administrators, service providers, insurers and others to monitor and respond to evolving legal and operational requirements and to design, administer, document and defend medical and other welfare benefit, qualified and non-qualified deferred compensation and retirement, severance and other employee benefit, compensation, and human resources, management and other programs and practices tailored to the client's human resources, employee benefits or other management goals. A primary drafter of the Bolivian Social Security pension privatization law, Ms. Stamer also works extensively with management, service provider and other clients to monitor legislative and regulatory developments and to deal with Congressional and state legislators, regulators, and enforcement officials about regulatory, investigatory or enforcement concerns. Comments Off on New Guidance On Fiduciary Duties In Handling ACA Group Health Plan Premium Rebates Highlight Advisability Of Tightening Funding Terms & Fund Handling Practices To Manage Fiduciary Risks | Claims Administration, Employee Benefits, Employers, ERISA, Health Plans, Mental Health, Mental Health Parity, Retirement Plans, Tax | Tagged: ADA, Affordable Care Act, Fiduciary Responsibility, group health plan, Health Insurance, Health Plans, HIPAA, Mental Health Benefits, Mental Health Parity, Substance Abuse Benefits | Permalink Group health plans and health insurers subject to the mental health parity requirements of the Paul Wellstone and Pete Domenici Mental Health Parity and Addiction Equity Act of 2008 (MHPAEA) have additional guidance about the effect of these requirements on utilization management and copayment requirements. The U.S. Departments of Health and Human Services (HHS), Labor and the Treasury (the Departments) on November 17, 2011 published additional FAQs that share insights on how the MHPAEA requirements impact certain common copayments and utilization review arrangements historically used by plans and insurers. The new FAQ guidance here provides additional clarification about the meaning of the interim final rules implementing MHPAEA the Departments jointly issued on February 2, 2010, and previous FAQ guidance published on June 30, 2010 and December 22, 2010 as applied to these practices. The new FAQs share the Departments joint response to questions about their interpretation of the interim final rules on nonquantitative treatment limitations in various respects. Among other things, the new FAQs reflect: The new FAQs respond to various questions about the effect of the MHPAEA on various medical necessity and other utilization management practices that health plans and health insurers historically have applied mental health and substance abuse coverage's. The FAQs generally reaffirm that group health plans and health insurers generally cannot apply stricter medical necessity or other utilization review for mental health or substance abuse treatments than the prevailing requirements generally applicable to medical surgical benefits under the plan or policy. The FAQ also provides insight into evidence that health insurers or health plan sponsors should consider and retain when designing fraud control or other medical management techniques to be defensible under the MHPAEA's parity requirements. Furthermore, the new FAQs also provide guidance about the viability and use of differences in clinical standards of care, length of stay, and other clinical standards to justify differences in the periods of coverage provided for mental and substance abuse coverage versus other types of treatments. Finally, the FAQs also address when a group health plan or health insurer can require covered persons to pay a higher specialist copayment for mental health or substance abuse treatments than generally applies to care rendered to a non-specialist. Comments Off on Mental Health Parity Guidance On Mental Health & Substance Abuse Copays, Utilization Management Limits Released | Claims Administration, Employee Benefits, Employers, ERISA, Health Plans, Mental Health, Mental Health Parity, Retirement Plans, Tax | Tagged: ADA, Affordable Care Act, group health plan, Health Insurance, Health Plans, HIPAA, Mental Health Benefits, Mental Health Parity, Substance Abuse Benefits | Permalink Assess Your Health Plan Compliance 8/24: Register Now! Get a Health Plan Compliance Checkup Learn What You Must Do Now To Meet Key 2010/2011 Affordable Care Act & Other Health Plan Compliance Deadlines 2010 Health Plan Update A Solutions Law Press Live Internet Broadcast Briefing 10:00 A.M.-12:30 P.M. Eastern | 11:00 A.M.-1:30 P.M. Central | 9:00 A.M-11:30 A.M. Pacific Earn 2 Hours of Texas Insurance Continuing Education Credit, WorldAtWork or HRCI Credit! Solutions Law Press invites you to catch up on the latest guidance on new group health plan mandates

states. but then as time is going on, and looking at the united states, and looking at my own country and i'm realizing these two factors are in fact emerging here and they have been emerging at a surprisingly fast rate. >> we have certainly seen an increase in violence in the united states for the past several years and a lot of... News : RT : June 10, 2022 4:00pm-4:29pm EDT the model of the unit polar world. and if the february of this year, the line to contain russia quickly degenerated into a line to destroy russia, because the policy of containment did not justify itself. this can only be counted by rallying the rest of the world in a position of denying western unit polarity but not in this sense, countries, surprisingly diverse and russia like no other country has learned the harmonious co existence of different cultures, traditions, and religions that they do not suppress, but mutually enrich each other. from my point of view, if you need crush your model is actually a prototype of the model that will ultimately be the only one, the answers to the interest of humanity. if we turn to history, we can see that the colonial west did not add it's culture. its traditions, its language to local ones, but it replaced and displaced them. this is a completely different model compared to what russia was doing. really most european countries, amana edison now and as a result, new, a new threats the model of the unit polar world. and if the february of this year, the line to contain russia quickly degenerated into a line to destroy russia, because the policy of containment did not justify itself. this can only be counted by rallying the rest of the world in a position of denying western unit polarity but not in this sense, countries, surprisingly diverse and russia like no other country has learned the harmonious co existence of different cultures, traditions, and religions that they... Drug Trafficking, Politics and Power : The Era of Empires : ALJAZ : June 12, 2022 9:00am-10:01am AST the united states began by banning opium in 19 o 9. this voltage shot in san francisco shows hundreds of opium pipes going up in flames. in 1914, with the harrison act, the u. s. regulated and tax opiates and coca products. indispensable for surgery from then on cocaine moving and harrowing would only be available by prescription thousands of drug uses. he once built their daily fix over the pharmacy counter. didn't know where to turn to ease that terrible cravings . cl, estella, the c bro. evil ist americans here. and so the amanda in school had it. look as i must ask is a can it element gallo, nick mc, gallow, keep your la la lake. genesis done these 1st to sub, literally. excuse me. nice. to meet demand, the criminal underworld learned how to refine heroin in mexico, in the fertile region of sinaloa farmers grew poppies to supply the american pharmaceutical industry. in the early 19 twenties, they saw new customer suddenly turn up. the 1st big figure in mexican drug trafficking was ignacio eso, alias la natur. she bought roar opium the united states began by banning opium in 19 o 9. this voltage shot in san francisco shows hundreds of opium pipes going up in flames. in 1914, with the harrison act, the u. s. regulated and tax opiates and coca products. indispensable for surgery from then on cocaine moving and harrowing would only be available by prescription thousands of drug uses. he once built their daily fix over the pharmacy counter. didn't know where to turn to ease that terrible cravings . cl, estella, the c bro.... News : ALJAZ : June 11, 2022 7:00pm-7:31pm AST ah, welcome to the bug people across the united states, a gathering to march. as part of a renewed push for gotten control. it follows a series of mass shootings including attacks at a primary school in texas. and a supermarket in buffalo, new york, last month. the rallies were organized by the barge for our lives movement. it was founded in 2018 after school shooting in florida. let's join mike can, who's like for us in washington d. c. it does seem that the crowds are out to the atmosphere quite friendly, like it's indeed so the numbers are way down going to similar been 2 years ago, but this is possibly because of the rain and also a competing annual pride parade that's taking place. but though the numbers are somewhat low at the moment, the passions are exceedingly high. everywhere around the stage behind me, there are photos of people who being killed in the ramp and gun violence within the united states. people walking round with posters, but what is very marketable here is the fact that politicians are being held accountable everywhere. one looks, there ah, welcome to the bug people across the united states, a gathering to march. as part of a renewed push for gotten control. it follows a series of mass shootings including attacks at a primary school in texas. and a supermarket in buffalo, new york, last month. the rallies were organized by the barge for our lives movement. it was founded in 2018 after school shooting in florida. let's join mike can, who's like for us in washington d. c. it does seem that the crowds are out to the atmosphere... News : RT : June 28, 2022 11:00pm-11:31pm EDT we are permanent member or united security console. so the sanctions actually, according to so called the dinner assembly of a un actually retreat and not to the legal organ to impose sanction to any certain state. the sanctions actually according to the western domestic law, which way you can enforce on those are in status. you join the sanctions according to your domestic. it'll also be how that the tiny thinking that you i know you join my site. the thing about it i cite history. ready for your support, russia, so it's not the case to the half of the world preparation not to join the sanction against the russia, including india, senior us officials have traveled to venezuela on the quiet, in an effort to bring home detained americans and rebuild relations with the south american oil giant, a meeting between officials received a little coverage and was only mentioned during an awards ceremony hosted by president nicholas memorial, who has previously been black both by the united states. that i see be and know it's an important delega we are permanent member or united security console. so the sanctions actually, according to so called the dinner assembly of a un actually retreat and not to the legal organ to impose sanction to any certain state. the sanctions actually according to the western domestic law, which way you can enforce on those are in status. you join the sanctions according to your domestic. it'll also be how that the tiny thinking that you i know you join my site. the thing about it i cite history. ready for... those same login with citrix unit, which pushes the will. is your sticky with him and up into the us now with the cast. awesome. cuz i still am with michigan. if you still are he boist with crystal bye deals with get away. a lot of us going to start with mulish little sort of, if you don't. plato and what about the class to load them? yeah. but hugely, what is minister special walker? you know, that's our stuff from ago. you have cable channels to the rebuttal and it's your

editions by 1700, easily outselling Milton's own poem. There were three sons: CharlesJohnand Erasmus-Henry [see below]. It is possible that Elizabeth was a Roman Catholic, and likely that his sons' conversion preceded Dryden's own. The only sexual scandal which attached to Dryden was the belief probably true that the actress Anne Reeves was his mistress in the 1670s. Satires such as Rochester's An Allusion to Horace and the anonymous The Medal of John Bayes represent Dryden making obscene boasts in an attempt to demonstrate his libertine credentials, but such behaviour would seem forced and out of character. He was no libertine, in a milieu where such behaviour was routine. Some poems such as his late verses to his cousin John Driden of Chesterton make barbed references to the pains of marriage, but we do not know whether they have any autobiographical resonance. Though his literary career began with poetry, it was in the theatre that Dryden established his profession. His first play, The Wild Gallant, was staged at the Theatre Royal on 5 February 1663, and then at court on 23 February, probably through the influence of the king's mistress Lady Castlemaine, to whom Dryden wrote some grateful verses. Pepys, 23 Feb 1663 A second play, the tragi-comedy The Rival Ladies, was performed in late 1663 or early 1664. The Indian Queen, written jointly with Howard, was the first of Dryden's ventures into heroic drama, a form in which he was to gain success, though he eventually tired of its posturing and inflated rhetoric. Its first recorded performance was on 25 January 1664, in the presence of the king. Its sequel, The Indian Emperour, Dryden's unaided work, was performed early in 1665 published 1667. When the plague struck London in 1665, and the theatres closed, Dryden retired to the country, to his father-in-law's estate at Charlton in Wiltshire. It was there that his first son was born, and there that he wrote a new play, Secret Love, and two major works, the essay Of Dramatick Poesie and the poem Annus mirabilis. When he returned to London late in 1666 or early in 1667, these works marked him out as a major force in the new Restoration culture. Drama and the laureateship, 1667—1680 Annus mirabilis: Dryden saw these as testimony to individual heroism, the king's care for his people, and divine providence; and although a late metaphysical wit animates the poem, sometimes producing extravagant images, it does not gloss over the human suffering. Simultaneously, in his dialogic essay Of Dramatick Poesie 1668Dryden explored the theory and practice of drama, using four fictional characters based on the earl of Dorset, Sir Charles Sedley, Sir Robert Howard, and Dryden himself who debate the relative merits of Renaissance and modern playwrights, of English and French drama, of blank verse and rhyming couplets. The essay is specially notable for its critique of Shakespeare and Jonson particularly appreciative of the former's rare natural abilitiesand for Dryden's evident desire that the Restoration stage should lead a cultural renaissance in England. Dryden was committed now to the drama as his principal literary medium, and his main source of income. Double recognition of Dryden's status came in spring 1668. First, he signed a contract with the King's Company to write three plays a year in return for a share of the profits; and although he never kept up the promised rate of production, his work was a mainstay of the company until it foundered in 1682. Secondly, on 13 April he was appointed poet laureate; appointment as historiographer royal followed on 18 August 1670. But events in 1668 also showed that this eminence was not without its detractors. Dryden replied in 'A Defence of an Essay of Dramatique Poesie' prefixed to the second edition of The Indian Emperour September 1668but the debate with Shadwell was destined to run on through a series of prefaces, dedications, prologues, and epilogues, in which the two writers debated with somewhat acerbic politeness the reputation of Jonson, charges of plagiarism, and the question whether comedy should primarily instruct or please. Matters came to a head in Mac Flecknoe 1676. Meanwhile, Dryden was turning to the heroic drama, and particularly to scenarios which allowed him to explore personal dilemmas of passion and duty within the larger context of the clash of cultures and ideologies. Questions of fate and free will often trouble his characters, and many of their speeches have an outlook and idiom influenced by Hobbes. And Dryden still kept his company supplied with comedies of wit and love, competent pieces, albeit lacking the sparkle and social penetration of Etherege or Wycherley at their best: Often the songs from these plays enjoyed an independent life in manuscript circulation and in musical miscellanies. The jingoistic play Amboyna staged and printed 1673 seemed designed to inflame anti-Dutch opinion during the Third Anglo-Dutch War. On 25 January 1672 the Theatre Royal was destroyed by fire, and the company had to move into temporary quarters. Dryden wrote a prologue for the occasion, which appropriately featured a revival of Wit without Money by Beaumont and Fletcher. He became a master of the occasional prologue, renowned for pieces which engaged in a witty, bantering rapport with the audience, sometimes flattering, sometimes insulting them, cajoling them into indulging a new playwright or in the 1680s supporting a beleaguered king. Southerne told Pope that Dryden: His usual price till then had been four guineas: Works of Alexander Pope, 6. Others were less easily courted, including Rochester himself. Dryden's reply was in studiously general terms, though with unmistakable reference to Rochester, in the 'Preface' to All for Love 1678where he comments on the affectation of some courtiers who aspire to be poets and judges of poetry but do not have the talent, and merely make fools of themselves. The duke of Buckingham used Dryden as the principal model for the playwright satirized as Mr Bayes in his play The Rehearsal staged 1671while a series of pamphlets in 1673 mounted an extended criticism of Dryden's plays and poems, deriding his style. Public attacks dogged Dryden throughout his career. The altercations with Shadwell rumbled on; his political interventions on the king's side in the exclusion crisis brought many versified rejoinders; and his conversion to Catholicism in 1685 prompted further abuse and satire. There are several hundred contemporary works in prose and verse, both manuscript and print, which praise or vilify him on literary, political, or religious grounds. Very rarely did Dryden respond in kind, though the provocation was extreme. His career was supported by powerful but not always loyal patrons, as can be seen from the dedications which he attached to his plays: Mulgrave aided him for a while; Dorset was a more consistent patron, whose support became invaluable after the revolution in 1689. The new Theatre Royal opened in Drury Lane in 1674, and it was partly to take advantage of a biography of john dryden a great english poet dramatist translator and critic improved facilities that Dryden composed a rhymed dramatic adaptation of Paradise Lost, which he called The State of Innocence: Tags were metal ornaments attached to the ends of ribbons. The opera focuses on the choices made by Adam and Eve, exploring their decisions in a vocabulary influenced by libertine philosophy. John Dryden Facts But even the new house did not have the financial resources for the spectacular scenery and effects required, and the play was never staged. It did, however, have an extensive circulation in manuscript, and once it reached print in 1677 it went through nine editions by 1700, easily outselling Milton's own poem. Dryden's interest in his erstwhile colleague did not end there: Miltonic echoes shape the quasi-heroic satire of Mac Flecknoe and Absalom and Achitophel, while many of Dryden's original poems and translations deploy Miltonic phrasing, especially when addressing

whole event all the more menacing, and hookers, which is a great thing to explain because it tells where tail is coming from and how easily it can be disposed, i.e. Mandy. Finally, I quit reading this article (http://www.visual-memory.co.uk/amk/doc/0096.html) when he mentioned Indians in the Shining. There are no goddamned Indians in the Shining. Anyhow, I love Eyes Wide Shut. Post by: Ghostboy on May 17, 2005, 10:33:58 PM I think there's enough of a reference to American Indians in The Shining to warrant the suggestion quoted in that article, which is quite a good read - thanks for linking to it. Post by: Weak2ndAct on May 17, 2005, 11:23:53 PM Barry Lyndon is my easily my favorite Kubrick film, but that article is so well-written, so studied... man, I feel like a boob. Is EWS really that brilliant? Is he reading too much into it? Lord, who knows. I need to watch that movie again. Like now. Quote from: Weak2ndAct Is EWS really that brilliant? Is he reading too much into it?. In comparison to the BFI Modern Classics book on the film, in which the author posits that the film is a dream had by the male son of Cruise and Kidman's characters who was conceived the after the film itself ended - not at all. Post by: Pubrick on May 18, 2005, 10:07:03 AM yeah pretty much. as i've said many times, everyone has to read everything on this site http://www.visual-memory.co.uk/amk/ it's not even worth talking about kubrick with anyone who hasn't read, and thought about, those essays. Post by: Gamblour. on May 18, 2005, 10:44:14 AM Quote from: Ghostboy There is a reference to American Indians? I just saw this like three weeks ago (when I came up for my idea of an inspired film, where it consists entirely of Shelley Duvall's reaction shots in this movie, and that's it. think about being blazed and watching her jaw constantly shaking and hitting the floor, haha) and I did not notice anything remotely resembling a reference to Injuns. Someone around here mentioned the carpeting. Well, like Vivian Kubrick points out on the commentary of her doc on the dvd, the 70s were tacky and had horrible carpeting. My god....did someone actually write that? Here's my take, if it's not in the film, then it ain't what the film's about. You're just shooting yourself in the foot. I can't stand that kind of overblown anaylsis. And P, I will give that site a read and think about it, too. Post by: socketlevel on May 18, 2005, 10:52:34 AM i love that carpeting that son bullshit is an over-read "intellectual" with too much fucking time on his/her hands. i couldn't agree more with your statement, if it's not there then it's not there. they should spend that time on stuff that really matters. woah, what i hate more than anything is ppl shutting down elaborate interpretations of kubrick movies without hearing them out. refer to my threads on his repertoire, there i linked this indian article (http://www.visual-memory.co.uk/amk/doc/0052.html) like twice already, and made credible theories myself about all the nonsense. i'm not saying they're right, even if they think they are, but can u offer anything more interesting? the point of kubrick has always been that a million interpretations can be true, cos what he's talking about encompasses more than just "what's in the film". geez, how literal do u wanna be.. especially when he's clearly a master manipulator of symbols. EWS more than any other movie is ALL about symbols, appearances and unspoken truths. here's a quote i partially referred to once in an obscure thread, i'll write the full thing this time: "Not that the incredulous person doesn't believe in anything. It's just that he doesn't believe in everything. Or he believes in one thing at a time. He believes in one thing only if it somehow follows from the first thing. He is near-sighted and methodical, avoiding the wide horizons. If two things don't fit, but you believe both of them, thinking that somehow, hidden, there must be a third thing that connects them, that's credulity." - umberto eco, foucault's pendulum. that's what's missing among kubrick arguments. i read that crazy dude's conspiracy (http://xixax.com/viewtopic.php?t=6856&start=0) theory cowboykurtis posted about EWS and MK-ULTRA. it was nuts, but it was passionate and had merits worthy of discussion. i never get to talk about MK-ULTRA but if referring to EWS is gonna help get the conversation started then i'm all for it. there are a few things EWS and FMJ has made me think about which are probably taboo cos they don't mention anything explicitly in the stories pertaining to them. even one based on The Shining which i've been close to posting about for 2 years now just out of sheer novelty. my point is, if ur gonna talk about kubrick movies, or rather hear ppl's theories about kurbick, u should at least be willing to accept that the person talking crazy BELIEVES that what he's saying is true, and is trying to make u understand the connection. otherwise there's no hope. Ok, I read that Indian article. Wow, what a crock of shit. The guy's argument is less examples from the movie than his own ideas extrapolated through the movie. I'm suprised he didn't go so far as to conclude that the final chase is in a maze.....and MAZE is a homophone with MAIZE, the Indian word for corn. WHOAAAAAAA. I also read that article I said I wouldn't read, and it was actually really good. Like really really good. His mentioning of the two sirens seducing Dr. Bill at the beginning and how the allude to the "end of the rainbow" and how that ties in with the Rainbow costume shop, that was really impressive and well put together. Post by: socketlevel on May 18, 2005, 12:34:30 PM Quote from: Pubrick true, maybe it sounded so crazy that the natural reaction is an explosive one, lashing out. i just don't think there is any evidence of that in eyes wide shut, at all. so i will not be able to take that seriously, in any respect. but i'm all about the theories, and i've read the ones that you linked to and others on this site. mainly because i fucking love kubrick. within these theories, some are cool, maybe a little out there, but cool concepts none the less. While others are lame. that one is just lame. I've been perplexed about this for a while... The body in the morgue. We're led to believe that she is the hooker that overdosed at Ziegler's party, as well as the masked hooker at the orgy, who "sacrificed herself" for Bill. Now, within the film's text, this makes sense - Regardless of the mystery of how she actually died. However, when freezing the high angle shot her in the morgue, I could swear that the corpse lying dead is Domino the prostitute. Does anyone else agree with this? Could have very well been something Kubrick did to disorient the audience. Or my mind could just be playing tricks on me. i can't figure it out. The shot happens so quickly. Now, both Domino and the prostitute in the bathroom have somewhat similar bone structure in their face and body types. But I even remember upon my first viewing in the theaters thinking, wait a minute... another interesting element is the ambiguity behind the mask left on his pillow. from the first viewing my mind has been stuck on the explanation that his wife found it and left it there as an accusation. upon reading a an article recently the author posed the possiblitly that the mask was left by the people from the orgy as a final warning. and when we cut to his wife's tear soaked eyes the next morning she very well could be crying from the thought of the danger

clients or other APs. These techniques include: 1) Jamming rogue clients using focused beam forming signals from a phased array antenna or a gimbaled jamming antenna 2) WiFi MAC/PHY layer blocking of messages, 3) Power managed transmissions to the client to transmit at the lowest power required for the client to receive the communication, and 4) Repeatedly sending Disassociate or Deauthenticate control frames to disconnect the rogue client from any APs it may have attached to. Each of these functions will be available to be used to counter threats against the WiFi network as they are detected and provide a real-time response as directed by the Response Controller. FIG. 9 illustrates activities performed by various embodiments of the location aware security system generally at 900. At 905, a client turns on and tries to sign on to the network at 910. The access point or points, AP, watch for irregular activities at 915. Examples of irregular activities include failed credentials 920, illegal MAC address 930, or other illegal activities 940, as well as whether the client is located outside an authorized area at 950. Access may be denied for any of these irregular activities directly, or via a LAWS analyzer using the reference model. FIG. 10 at 1000 illustrates a process followed give a scenario 1005 of a legitimate client attempting to access the network from an unauthorized area. The client turns on at 1010 and tries to log onto the network at 1015 using valid credentials. At 1020, access points watch for abnormal activity. The cyber security sensor 341 determines that the credentials are good at 1025, but the location sensor determines that the location is bad at 1030. This information is passed on to the aggregator 325, which generates a report that is sent to the archives at 1035. At 1040, the location database 327 receives the bad location information and sends it to the LAWS analyzer 360. The location database also logs it in the archive at 1045. At 1050, the LAWS analyzer detects that something is wrong, and retrieves log info from the archives at 1055. It decides that the log information was correct, but the location information showed the attempt to log in was from outside the authorized area at 1060. A report is sent to the response manager at 1065. The response manager acts on the report at 1070, and denies access to the network at 1075. At 1080, the response manager carries out other actions if needed. It may check an area log, cameras, or other available information. The Abstract is provided to comply with 37 C.F.R. § 1.72(b) to allow the reader to quickly ascertain the nature and gist of the technical disclosure. The Abstract is submitted with the understanding that it will not be used to interpret or limit the scope or meaning of the claims. 1. A wireless network system comprising: a wireless receiver that receives communications from wireless devices; a sensor that detects the location of a wireless device sending communications to the wireless receiver; and a controller coupled to the detector that rejects access to the wireless network by a wireless device as a function of the location of the wireless device. 2. The wireless network system of claim 1 and further comprising multiple wireless receivers and sensors. 3. The wireless network system of claim 2 wherein location of a wireless device is a function of information obtained from multiple sensors. 4. The wireless network system of claim 3 wherein the location of a wireless device is determined by at least one of time difference of arrival, received signal strength and angle of arrival. 5. The wireless network system of claim 4 wherein a neural network is used to determine the location of a wireless device. 6. The wireless network system of claim 1 and further comprising means for employing countermeasures in response to unauthorized wireless devices. 7. The wireless network system of claim 1 and further comprising a map of physical space representing authorized areas, and wherein access is rejected if the wireless device is outside an authorized area. 8. The wireless network system of claim 1 and further comprising cyber security sensors that provide information about wireless devices attempting to access the network. 9. The wireless network system of claim 8 wherein the cyber security sensors provide information selected from the group consisting of MAC address, timestamp, time span, traffic patterns, and exploitation attempts. 10. A wireless network system comprising: a detector that detects the location of a wireless device sending communications to the wireless receiver; an event generator that generates events including location information; a pattern matcher that matches generated events with known intrusion patterns; and a controller coupled to the detector that controls access to the wireless network by a wireless device as a function of the matches. 11. The wireless network system of claim 10, wherein the event generator generates events that additionally includes security information about wireless devices attempting to access the network. 12. The wireless network system of claim 11 wherein the security information is selected from the group consisting of MAC address, timestamp, time span, traffic patterns, and exploitation attempts. 13. The wireless network system of claim 10 wherein location of a wireless device is a function of information obtained from multiple detectors. 14. The wireless network system of claim 13 wherein the location of a wireless device is determined by at least one of time difference of arrival, received signal strength and angle of arrival as detected from the multiple detectors. 15. The wireless network system of claim 10 and further comprising a dynamic intrusion reference model coupled to the pattern matcher for providing the known intrusion patterns. 16. The wireless network system of claim 10 and further comprising a map of physical space representing authorized areas. 17. A method of controlling access to a wireless network, the method comprising: detecting a network access attempt by a wireless client device; determining the location of the wireless client device; and rejecting access by the wireless client device as a function of the location of the wireless client device. 18. The method of claim 17 wherein the access is also rejected as a function of security information related to the wireless client device. 19. The method of claim 17 wherein the security information is selected from the group consisting of MAC address, timestamp, time span, traffic patterns, and exploitation attempts. 20. The method of claim 17 wherein location of a wireless device is a function of information obtained from multiple location sensors. 21. The method of claim 17 wherein the location of a wireless device is determined by at least one of time difference of arrival, received signal strength and angle of arrival as detected from the multiple location sensors. US11/252,434 2005-10-18 2005-10-18 Location aware wireless security Abandoned US20070087763A1 (en) US11/252,434 US20070087763A1 (en) 2005-10-18 2005-10-18 Location aware wireless security US11/252,434 Abandoned US20070087763A1 (en) 2005-10-18 2005-10-18 Location aware wireless security US20070123260A1 (en) * 2005-11-28 2007-05-31 Won-Ik Kim Method for discovering wireless network for inter-system handover, multi-mode terminal unit and inter-working service server using the method US20070201421A1 (en) * 2005-12-09 2007-08-30 Honeywell International, Inc. Method and apparatus for location estimation US20070253394A1 (en) * 2006-04-28 2007-11-01 Tomoya Horiguchi Cognitive radio system US20070264952A1 (en) * 2006-05-12 2007-11-15 Motorola, Inc. Method and apparatus for allowing or denying network access US20080267259A1 (en) * 2007-04-30 2008-10-30 Honeywell International Inc. Apparatus and method for intelligent frequency-hopping discovery and synchronization US20090064295A1 (en) * 2007-09-04 2009-03-05 Honeywell International Inc. System, method, and apparatus for on-demand limited security credentials in wireless and other communication networks US20090167604A1 (en) * 2007-12-31 2009-07-02 Roberts Richard D Fast training of phased arrays using multilateration estimate of the target device location US20100014492A1 (en) * 2008-07-21 2010-01-21 Honeywell International Inc. Apparatus and method for deterministic latency-controlled communications in process control systems US20100026514A1 (en) * 2008-07-31 2010-02-04 Honeywell International Inc. System and method for providing self-locating wireless sensors US20100029317A1 (en) * 2008-07-31 2010-02-04 Honeywell International Inc. Apparatus and method for transmit power

Michael Telson Like many fruit trees, ginseng needs to mature before it flowers. This is at six years of age. Presently, the law allows the harvest of wild ginseng at a minimum of six years of age. Previously, US F&W had changed it to 8 years, but a back lash returned it to six years. Harvest should go back to eight years to allow natural seeding in wild stands. Barbara Wilde Actually, 37 degrees was probably not Fahrenheit but celsius. 37C is body temperature. In Appalachia, a Plan to Save Wild Ginseng American ginseng is imperiled by overharvesting. Locals are racing to preserve the plant — and its economic potential. Visual: Tim Robinson / Undark By Emily Cataneo Iris Gao keeps a ginseng root in her office. It's fixed on black velvet with three other bleached-brown specimens, all of them twisty and otherworldly and protected by glass in a shadowbox frame. This particular root, says Gao, was more than 40 years old when it was plucked out of the Tennessee soil; you can tell because of the more than 40 gnarled rings on what she calls its neck. As a biologist at Middle Tennessee State University, Gao has researched many medicinal plants, but for the past few years, her interest has centered on Panax quinquefolius, or American ginseng. In the lab down the hall from her office, among rows of workbenches and sterile hoods, Gao drapes tinfoil over plastic bottles of ginseng cells and leaves them to vibrate in a machine. She soaks pale powdered ginseng leaves in solvent in a water bath before sending them off to another lab to analyze their chemical content. She stores human cancer cells at a cool 37 degrees Fahrenheit in preparation for an experiment analyzing whether ginseng can combat malignancies. While such research calls upon the tools of today's modern laboratory, the ultimate goal is to tap into a deep cultural force in Appalachia. For centuries, diggers have tromped into the woods in this part of the country to pull up ginseng roots and sell them for $500 to $1,000 per pound to middleman buyers, who in turn sell them to China, where ginseng is prized as a curative. But both this storied plant and this practice are imperiled by overharvesting, an issue that could worsen this year thanks to Covid-19. Ginseng has long been prized in folk medicine for its purported health benefits, which have been borne out by scientific studies on the plant's anti-viral and anti-bacterial properties, and some researchers are worried that the pandemic could heighten Chinese demand for this plant. But even before this potentially tumultuous year, stakeholders in Appalachia, like Gao, have been racing to preserve ginseng and its economic potential. Iris Gao, a biologist at Middle Tennessee State University, researches the medicinal components of ginseng roots and leaves. Visual: Emily Cataneo / Undark Ginseng roots on display in Gao's office, including one that is 40 years old. Visual: Emily Cataneo / Undark A key component of their strategy is forest farming, which entails intentionally planting seeds in forestland and harvesting them responsibly instead of either growing them in cultivated plots that may require pesticides and fertilizers or randomly yanking them from the woods. There are plenty of landowners in Appalachia with forested properties, and scientists believe that encouraging those landowners to plant ginseng could create economic opportunity while reducing pressure on the overharvested wild stock. Gao's research might open up an additional frontier: Ginseng is typically an end-point crop, harvested for its roots, but Gao is studying whether its spiky-tipped leaves also contain ginsenosides, the compounds that determine the plant's medicinal value. She hasn't published numbers yet, but preliminary findings indicate that the leaves might contain even more ginsenosides than the roots. Scientists hope that this kind of research will transform ginseng into an annual crop and reduce the time farmers need to invest before they see a return. But in their push to spread the word about forest farming, green-leaf harvesting, and other conservation strategies, Gao and her fellow researchers are butting up against a myriad of opponents. They need authorities, who often lack the will, knowledge, or resources, to recognize ginseng's value. They need Chinese consumers to realize that forest-farmed plants are just as potent as their wild-harvested counterparts. Crucially, they also need to reach so-called sang hunters and potential forest farmers. These farmers are typically poor; a 2019 study published in Biological Conservation showed that the percentage of households in poverty in an Appalachian county is one of the top indicators for ginseng harvesting. And sang hunters hail from a culture that has traditionally distrusted authority. Many of them point to perceived injustices that benefit the monied and powerful: universities receive tax exemptions for their lands; fracking and mining companies rip up the landscape with seeming abandon; and the government bans ginseng hunting on public lands, arresting sang hunters who break the law while failing to seriously prosecute the theft of ginseng from private property. "If these people were empowered instead of regulated, and given information instead of rules, it would be a whole different ballgame," said Eric Burkhart, an ethnobotanist at Penn State University. "Ginseng would be recognized as a crop across Appalachia," instead of as an endangered plant that just happens to grow in the forest and has no connection to the economic or social life of the region's residents. While forest farming might not be a panacea for all ginseng hunters, the current status quo is not sustainable. Gao is worried about the fate of ginseng, and so is Burkhart. He fears a worst-case scenario: The government, trying to protect the wild plant, will ban exports to Asia. This would spike prices, leading locals to hunt wild populations to extinction and making forest farmers prime targets for theft. The result would be a disaster, for plants and for people. "The fate of ginseng," Burkhart said, "is intimately tied to what we do in this moment." The connection between Appalachian ginseng and the Chinese consumer market stretches back centuries. For a botanist like Burkhart, this connection is not a surprise: The temperate zones of eastern Asia and eastern North America are home to similar plants, one of which is ginseng. Asian and American ginseng plants belong to the same genus, though they have slightly different leaf shapes and chemical components. According to a journal article in Economic Botany, in the early 1700s, a French priest traveling in China wrote a letter to a fellow clergy member describing ginseng's popularity in China, where it had been used for centuries as a tonic, stimulant, and fertility booster. By the end of the 1700s, ginseng hunters had swarmed into the Appalachian Mountains, spurred by the demand for the herb in China, where the government had prohibited wild harvesting of the overtaxed crop. 21,000 metric tons of American ginseng were sent overseas between 1821 and 1983, but even in the late 1800s, ginseng was already overharvested in the United States as well, and entrepreneurial farmers started cultivating this finicky plant. These days, much of the ginseng consumed in Asia is grown as a large-scale cultivated crop in Wisconsin and Ontario. And Chinese customers can readily purchase ginseng tea packets bearing a "Made in Wisconsin" label. But wild ginseng remains valuable. It contains higher levels of ginsenosides than large-scale cultivated ginseng and is also seen as a status symbol; beautiful, intricate ginseng roots like the ones in Gao's office are given as gifts and displayed as artwork, and they tend to fetch a much higher price in Eastern Asia, up to 25 times more per pound than cultivated ginseng. Not only do the large operations produce lower-potency ginseng and make less money per root, they also don't keep money in the pockets of the little guy. Even though there's

Cato's always been a curious matter/character on Underground. He's been vilified by fans, though only after having given them ample reason. The former overseer blackmailed his way into the Macon 7's escape, then underestimated (and started falling for) Rosalee during their subsequent flight. Season one revealed that Cato had a tragic backstory all his own—his wife and daughter were sold away, leaving him to wallow in bitterness. But such sad tales are part of nearly everyone's history on Underground, so there was only so much sympathy to be wrung from that discovery. Unlike Noah, Rosalee, and Ernestine, Cato's just used his past hurt to justify any current wrongdoings. But even as it positioned Cato as mostly morally inferior to the rest of the group, Underground also suggested that what could be taken for cruelty was just Cato's pragmatism. He doesn't have as much to lose as Rosalee and Noah—not anymore, anyway. And for all his blustering, Cato was really in no safer a position than any of the other Macon slaves. He did whatever he had to in order to survive—should we really knock him if his self-preservation game is strong? Underground offers no clear answer, and dedicates much of tonight's chapter to adding more dimensions to the character. If this season's arcs hinge on answering the question of who is a citizen and who's ready to be a soldier, Cato is more of a conscientious objector. "Things Unsaid" confirmed that the cunning Cato had in fact returned to America, and "Nok Aaut" shows us he's making quick work of his season one windfall. There are several flashback sequences, but they don't prove to be that intrusive, not when they tie into the present so well. The time constraints of a 10-episode season might have necessitated sprinkling them throughout this episode, but it might have worked even better to use them to tell a more linear story. He's brought Noah to some fancy house in Philadelphia, where his boxing skills are on display but his motives are hidden. But make no mistake—Cato is still plenty pissed about being left for dead. His hurt at being abandoned shows he hasn't quite given himself over to rationalizing everything; if he had, he'd understand why Noah and Rosalee kept going. Furthermore, it's obvious he wants to make Noah suffer, which means that his newfound wealth hasn't afforded him that much happiness. Well, not lasting happiness. Through flashbacks, we see Cato living it up in the recent past with a beautiful woman named Devi. Setting aside for a moment any reflexive anger you might be feeling at seeing Cato gallivanting while poor 'Stine's will to live is fading on the Roe plantation, these scenes cast our would-be antagonist in a new light. Cato appears to want to give romance and/or marriage another go, as he falls deeply in love with Devi, a British-Indian woman who shares his good taste. But their happiness can't last because he's more embittered and haunted than he realizes. "Nok Aaut" takes its time stripping away their joy, from a clash over prejudice and racism—Devi's "being treated less than is not an America invention" is spot-on here—to a confounding moment in the boxing ring. Cato seems remorseful of his past actions, so much so that he can't bring himself to own up to them in front of Devi. But what really throws him for a loop is being on the receiving end of a sucker punch. The other fighter seems to have cheated—it's not clear whether the Marquess of Queenbury's rules have been invented or adopted, but that guy was holding something when he punched a gloating Cato. This backhanded move seems to remind Cato of either devious slave owners or just the white man who insulted Devi at the bar the other night. Or rather, it reminds him of what these men see him as, which is less than. Cato doesn't stoop to their level—he dips further below it, cracking the racist guy over the head with a Champagne bottle, and then knocking out the other fighter once the fight was over. Because Underground often addresses timely matters, their exchange could be interpreted as a commentary on inter-demographic conflicts. Slavery's long since been abolished, but its legacy is very much alive, from redlining to racial disparity in the criminal justice system. Noah knows they have a greater enemy, and he's not about to treat Cato the way some white man would. Whether or not that resonates with Cato remains to be seen, but he does ultimately free the slaves he tried to guilt Noah with, so maybe Cato's not so far gone after all. Real-life allusions also found their way into the B story this week, which saw Elizabeth being roused from her mourning period. Georgia and the rest of the sewing circle are trying to keep her busy and engaged, but what really snaps Elizabeth out of her daze is meeting one of the most radical abolitionists she's encountered to date. The man—who kept referencing "the captain," but whose name escapes me—answers the "citizen or soldier" question in his introduction to the sewing circle. He backs John Brown's campaign in Kansas (the "Bleeding Kansas" conflict), and tries to fire up the group by telling them that war is the only way at this point. When Elizabeth tries to shame him for his eagerness in serving up young (white) servicemen and their families, he reminds her of how many black families have already been condemned under slavery. It's a nice callback to "Things Unsaid," wherein Georgia represented a similar argument (though she was too kind to spell it out for the grieving Elizabeth). Georgia proves to be the voice of reason again, as she reminds Mr. Captain Fan that black bodies will almost certainly be made cannon fodder should war erupt—they've already been used to build this country, why wouldn't they also be used to preserve it? What they do agree on is that direct action needs to be taken to further their cause. As they prepare for a big rally, Elizabeth and Mr. Captain Fan—wait, maybe the captain is John Brown?—talk about how they became radicalized in the first place. MCF feeds her the kind of heartbreaking, guilt-ridden story she was hoping for before telling her he didn't need to personally encounter the evils of slavery to know it's evil. It's something he knows in his bones, he says, a feeling shared by her late abolitionist husband. It feels a bit mansplain-y; after all, Elizabeth's already risked and lost a lot. Her shame doesn't last long, thankfully, as she steps up when Georgia is unable to deliver her speech. And whether she's galvanized by their chat or the reminder of what she's lost, Elizabeth delivers a great oration. "Those who make peace impossible make violence inevitable," she thunders, shortly before being cracked in the face with a rock by some protestor. If she wasn't radicalized before, she is now. "Nok Aaut" was written by Nadria Tucker and Tiffany Greshler. It's good to see Alano Miller back—he handles all the curveballs, emotional and otherwise, so well. His performance places Cato on the knife's edge between good and bad, but he doesn't look wobbly at all. When I urge people to watch this show, I usually present it as a historical thriller. But I'd also like to credit the show for juxtaposing the more brutal moments with so many images of loving couples. Whether or not you think he deserves it, Cato enjoyed real bliss with Devi, and the camera angles worshipped their beautiful brown bodies. Speaking of which, this is reportedly not the last we've seen of Rana Roy, who plays Devi. "I kinda want to see you try." You know what, Cato?

Jazz Plan To Sign Danuel House To Second 10-Day Deal Josh Smith (Georgetown) NBA Teams Designate Affiliate Players November 3rd, 2015 at 4:01pm CST by Chuck Myron NBA teams cut as much as 25% of their rosters at the end of the preseason, but franchises that have D-League affiliates have a way to maintain ties to many of the players they release from the NBA roster. An NBA team can claim the D-League rights to up to four of the players it waives, as long as the players clear waivers, consent to join the D-League, and don't already have their D-League rights owned by another team. These are known as affiliate players, as our Hoops Rumors Glossary entry details. NBA teams allocated 46 affiliate players to the D-League at the beginning of the season last year, and this year, that number has risen to 56, according to the list the D-League announced today. These players are going directly to the D-League affiliate of the NBA team that cut them and weren't eligible for the D-League draft that took place Saturday. Teams that designated fewer than the maximum four affiliate players retain the ability to snag the D-League rights of players they waive during the regular season, but for now, this is the complete list: Boston Celtics (Maine Red Claws) Coty Clarke Levi Randolph Corey Walden Cleveland Cavaliers (Canton Charge) Nick Minnerath D.J. Stephens Dallas Mavericks (Texas Legends) Tu Holloway Detroit Pistons (Grand Rapids Drive) Ryan Boatright Golden State Warriors (Santa Cruz Warriors) Xavier Henry Juwan Staten Chris Udofia Houston Rockets (Rio Grande Valley Vipers) Will Cummings Denzel Livingston Indiana Pacers (Fort Wayne Mad Ants) Kadeem Jack Terran Petteway Los Angeles Lakers (Los Angeles D-Fenders) Michael Frazier Robert Upshaw Memphis Grizzlies (Iowa Energy) Michael Holyfield Lazeric Jones Alex Stepheson Miami Heat (Sioux Falls Skyforce) Keith Benson Corey Hawkins Briante Weber Greg Whittington New York Knicks (Westchester Knicks) Thanasis Antetokounmpo Darion Atkins Wesley Saunders Travis Trice Oklahoma City Thunder (Oklahoma City Blue) Michael Cobbins Mustapha Farrakhan Michael Qualls Dez Wells Orlando Magic (Erie BayHawks) Nnanna Egwu Melvin Ejim Jordan Sibert Philadelphia 76ers (Delaware 87ers) Jordan Railey Phoenix Suns (Bakersfield Jam) Deonte Burton Kyle Casey Terrico White Sacramento Kings (Reno Bighorns) Marshall Henderson Vince Hunter San Antonio Spurs (Austin Spurs) Youssou Ndoye Keifer Sykes Deshaun Thomas Julian Washburn Toronto Raptors (Raptors 905) Michale Kyser Shannon Scott Axel Toupane Utah Jazz (Idaho Stampede) Eric Atkins Treveon Graham J.J. O'Brien Phil Pressey Also, several players who were on NBA preseason rosters are on D-League rosters through means other than the affiliate player rule. Most of them played under D-League contracts at some point within the last two years, meaning their D-League teams have returning player rights to them. Others entered through last weekend's D-League draft, while others saw their D-League rights conveyed via trade. Most of these players aren't with the D-League affiliate of the NBA team they were with last month, with a few exceptions. Keith Appling, Magic — Magic affiliate Jordan Bachynski, Pistons — Knicks affiliate Earl Barron, Hawks — Suns affiliate Sampson Carter, Grizzlies — Cavaliers affiliate (D-League draft) Patrick Christopher, Grizzlies — Grizzlies affiliate Bryce Cotton, Jazz — Spurs affiliate Michael Dunigan, Cavaliers — Cavaliers affiliate Jarell Eddie, Warriors — Spurs affiliate C.J. Fair, Pacers — Pacers affiliate Jimmer Fredette, Spurs — Knicks affiliate Stefhon Hannah, Bulls — Pistons affiliate Jaron Johnson, Wizards — Rockets affiliate Omari Johnson, Trail Blazers — Celtics affiliate Perry Jones III, Celtics — Grizzlies affiliate (D-League draft) Tre Kelley, Heat — Heat affiliate Jordan McRae, Sixers — Sixers affiliate (D-League draft) Cartier Martin, Pistons — Grizzlies affiliate Toure' Murry, Wizards — Mavericks affiliate (traded with Rockets affiliate for his D-League rights) Dan Nwaelele, Grizzlies — Warriors affiliate Marcus Simmons, Bulls — Pacers affiliate E.J. Singler, Jazz — Jazz affiliate DaJuan Summers, Knicks — Knicks affiliate Adonis Thomas, Pistons — Pistons affiliate Sam Thompson, Hornets — Pistons affiliate (D-League draft) J.P. Tokoto, Sixers — Thunder affiliate (traded for his D-League rights) Talib Zanna, Thunder — Thunder affiliate Roster information from Adam Johnson of D-League Digest, Chris Reichert of Upside & Motor and freelancer and Hoops Rumors contributor Mark Porcaro was used in the creation of this post. Retweet 54 Share 10 Send via email0 Adonis Thomas Bryce Cotton C.J. Fair Cartier Martin DaJuan Summers Deonte Burton (Nevada) E.J. Singler Earl Barron J.P. Tokoto Jarell Eddie Jaron Johnson Jimmer Fredette Jordan Bachynski Jordan McRae Keith Appling Marcus Simmons Michael Dunigan Omari Johnson Patrick Christopher Perry Jones III Sam Thompson Sampson Carter Stefhon Hannah Talib Zanna Tre Kelley Southwest Notes: Conley, Robinson, Aldridge October 31st, 2015 at 4:12pm CST by Eddie Scarito The Grizzlies have every intention of re-signing point guard Mike Conley when he becomes an unrestricted free agent next summer, and based on Conley's enthusiastic recruitment for center Marc Gasol to re-sign with the team this past offseason, the veteran playmaker also desires his time in Memphis to continue beyond this campaign, Michael Lee of Yahoo Sports writes. Gasol said he plans to leave Conley alone this season and won't pester him to stay in Memphis, Lee adds. "Yeah, but I cannot force him to do anything that he doesn't feel that is right. He has to do what is right for him, that he believes in it," Gasol told Lee. "If you feel forced to do something you don't believe in, then you're going to regret it. And whenever he makes his decision, whatever his decision is, he knows our relationship goes way beyond basketball and we'll always be friends, past this five, 10 years left in our careers. As long as we live, we're going to be friends. It's not going to affect our friendship." Here's more from out of the Southwest Division: Nate Robinson's stint with the Pelicans this season lasted less than two weeks, but his release wasn't because of anything the diminutive guard failed to do, John Reid of The Times Picayune relays (Twitter links). Robinson was replaced on New Orleans' roster by Toney Douglas, who was thought to be a better fit for the team's roster, according to coach Alvin Gentry, Reid notes. "We just thought it was a better fit [with Douglas], nothing against Nate," Gentry said. "Nate came in and did everything we asked him to do." Spurs power forward LaMarcus Aldridge is still finding his footing in San Antonio with his new team, and the player admitts that he's "not even close" to the player San Antonio signed this offseason, Michael C. Wright of ESPN.com writes. "It's not the same. I'm not the same person here that I was in Portland," Aldridge said. "I don't feel like they need me to be that person all the time. It's learning how to be myself in the offense. I haven't figured that out yet. I feel like the whole [team philosophy of] 'good to great passes' [is] in my head all the time. Hopefully as the season goes on I'll figure it out. But right now, I'm just trying to fit in." Rockets camp cuts Denzel Livingston, Will Cummings, Joshua Smith, and Chris Walker will join the Rio Grande Valley Vipers, as D-League affiliate players this season, Jonathan Feigen of The Houston Chronicle relays (on Twitter). LaMarcus Aldridge Toney Douglas Rockets Waive Joshua Smith, Arsalan Kazemi October 24th, 2015 at 4:34pm CST by Eddie Scarito 4:34pm: Smith and Kazemi have been released, the Rockets announced. 3:05pm: The Rockets are waiving Joshua Smith and Arsalan Kazemi, Jonathan Feigen of The Houston Chronicle reports (via Twitter). The team has yet to make an official announcement, though Feigen indicates the moves have already taken place. Neither player's deal included any guaranteed money. The team's roster count drops to 14 players, one below the regular season maximum. Smith, 23, finished his NCAA career at Georgetown this spring after spending his first two seasons at UCLA, and he appeared in 33 games as a senior, averaging 10.8 points, 5.8 rebounds, and 1.2 assists in 20.5 minutes per night. His career collegiate numbers overall were 10.4 PPG, 5.3 RPG, and 0.7 assists, and his career slash line was .591/.000/.613. Smith played summer league ball for the Heat this offseason, appearing in nine contests in which he averaged 5.0 PPG and 4.0 RPG. Houston had claimed Kazemi off waivers from the Hawks earlier this month. He put up 15.0 points in 38.9 minutes per game for ChongQing AoLong of China last season. Arsalan Kazemi Southwest Rumors: Duncan, Mavs, Grizzlies October 19th, 2015 at 10:33pm CST by Dana Gauruder Tim Duncan is trying to sort out where

next one could be adapted to improve the learning experience (Table 1). In total, 20 students from all four Greater Manchester HEIs took part through direct participation or observation via a video link; the 15 who participated directly were mixed to ensure that each simulation involved students from a range of HEIs and year groups. Members of the Synergy Project team took on the roles of service users and staff members, which allowed them not only to test the model directly, but also to experience it from a different perspective. The project team members directly involved in the simulation were registered nurses, now working in education both in the HEIs and in practice settings. Five project team members, having been provided with information on which to build their roles beforehand, took on the role of patients. A further six took on key clinical roles: two acted as staff nurses (one of which was also acting as a coach), two acted as healthcare assistants, one as ward manager and one as a junior doctor. The debriefing, which used the 'reflective observer' technique (Bonnel and Hober, 2016), was a rich learning opportunity for all. Separate debriefing sessions took place: for all participants including observers; for all those involved in the simulation in person; and for the members of the project team. Participants stressed how the simulation felt authentic and realistic and how immersive the experience had been. The simulation exercise has provided an evidence base that will inform the pilot phase of the Synergy Project model implementation and allowed the project team to identify the systems and processes that need to be in place. During the simulation, work allocation between students was approached in various ways. There were discussions about whether it would be better for the coach to attribute work according to students' prior knowledge and skills, which could be achieved by reading learning logs and talking to mentor and students. It was agreed that the coach should support students in that way, gradually fostering greater autonomy, until students knew each other and were better equipped to allocate work among themselves. The simulation also spurred discussions on the ideal student-to-coach ratio: three students felt like an appropriate number to facilitate an effective coaching relationship, while the simulation involving five students felt overwhelming for the coach. The group also explored the role of coach. For this new role, empowering students felt incredibly rewarding, but having to stand back was a challenge. During the simulation, students had time to share experiences and learn from each other, so the model has been shown to provide opportunities for peer support and collaborative learning. Written reflection from the simulation has been used in the student training package developed by the project team. We intend to build video footage from the simulation into the training package, and potentially use it online for information and education purposes. From past experiences of change management, we are acutely aware that the way change is implemented affects its effectiveness and sustainability. We need to retain both the human qualities needed for effective change management and the intrinsic qualities of caring and compassionate nurses. A shift in mindset is needed from the traditional mentorship model to a model that can unlock students' potential for clinical leadership. Winning the hearts and minds of all those affected by that change can be achieved through exemplary leadership (Leigh et al, 2017), which the project team has demonstrated. Communicating with, consulting, engaging with and challenging the right people (those who will help transform students' clinical learning experience) creates, from the outset, a culture that welcomes challenge and a sense of ownership for all involved. Implementation in the 13 areas (phase 1) began in September 2017 and phase 2 is due to begin in April 2018. The impact of the new model on undergraduate student nurses' clinical leadership development, and on the quality of clinical placements and learning, will be evaluated throughout the pilot and subsequently during implementation (Box 1). Healthcare organisations and HEIs will need to work together to provide an environment conducive to clinical learning. Providing leadership learning for undergraduate student nurses will require support from educators drawn from clinical practice (qualified nurses), practice educators and academics from the HEIs. The fact that there will be a number of practitioners acting as coaches, rather than a single mentor, should reduce the risk of failing to support students and, in turn, increase the likelihood of the new model being sustainable beyond the implementation phase. Clinical placement providers need to increase their training capacity to meet the demand for nurses Coaching differs from mentoring in that it encourages people to use their inner resources and take responsibility for themselves A placement model based on coaching can unlock students' potential for clinical leadership Simulation can be useful to assess the benefits and challenges of a new model In Greater Manchester, a new placement model using coaching is being piloted after a fruitful simulation Bonnel W, Hober C (2016) Optimizing the reflective observer role in high-fidelity patient simulation. Journal of Nursing Education; 55: 6, 353-356. Dembkowski S et al (2006) The Seven Steps of Effective Executive Coaching. London: Thorogood. Department of Health (2017) Health Secretary announced nursing workforce reforms. eWin Workforce Information Network (2015) Case Study: Implementing Collaborative Learning in Practice – a new way of learning for nursing students. London: Health Education England. Leigh JA et al (2017) Stakeholder perspectives of an approach to healthcare leadership development through use of a multidimensional leadership development conceptual model. International Journal of Practice-based Learning in Health and Social Care; 5: 1, 77-97. Nursing and Midwifery Council (2008) Standards to Support Learning and Assessment in Practice. London: NMC. Willis P (2015) Raising the Bar – Shape of Caring: A Review of the Future Education and Training of Registered Nurses and Care Assistants. London: Health Education England. 180314 using simulation to test use of coaching in clinical placements An alternative model for practice learning based on coaching Northampton General Hospital Trust uses a placement model that encourages students to support each other and shares the responsibility of practice learning among the whole team Building a professional identity: views of pre-registration students Five students at City, University of London offer insight into how they are building their professional identity and what role the registered professionals who teach them play in this Service users and academics teaching together in nurse education At London South Bank University, many healthcare modules are taught jointly by service users and academics. A small-scale study has explored the challenges and benefits of this co-teaching method Creating new roles in healthcare: lessons from the literature Introducing new roles, such as that of nursing associate, is challenging. This literature review offers guidance to leaders and workforce planners, and comes with a handout for a journal club discussion Teaching person-centred moving and handling through simulation The University of the West of Scotland is using role play simulation in its moving and handling training so that student nurses learn to incorporate person-centred approaches Nursing theories 6: social class This article, the sixth in a six-part bite-size series looking at nurse theories and their implications for practice, explores the theory of social class Nursing theories 5: gender theory This article, the fifth in a six-part bite-size series looking at nursing theories and their implications for practice, explains gender theory and its implications for nurses Accessing specialist nurse roles on placement Students need to understand specialist nurse roles, so a university and placement provider developed a placement framework give them access to these nurses Setting standards for high-quality placements Standards were developed to help give organisations offering clinical placements confidence that their placements provide high-quality realistic learning opportunities Encouraging student feedback on placements After eliciting students' views on what makes a good practice placement, one trust is now working to make sure students feel able to raise concerns Telephone Based Health Coach Nurse, Bupa Clinical Lead Nurse - RGN or RMN - Nursing Home Clinical

Free families to statist societies and back again Familias gratuitas a sociedades estatistas y viceversa Libérer les familles des sociétés d'état et inversement Famílias livres para sociedades estatistas e vice-versa Freie familien zu statistischen gesellschaften und wieder zurück Philip E Jacobson What would families be like in a free nation? This question would take at least several volumes to explore thoroughly. And there is really no definitive set of answers. The biggest difference would not be that something new would be present, but rather that something would be absent — the influence of the state. The state's interference in society encourages some kinds of family behaviours and discourages others. In the absence of the state it is likely that some entirely new family traditions would emerge, but also that the previously established ones would continue to exist, including some which are currently rare. Overall the choices made by individuals in this matter would probably be more diverse and open than is the case in statist societies. Rather than trying to provide a complete list of the alternatives, I will discuss how the history of human families indicates a wide variety of possibilities for family structure, then examine the state's historical relationship to families. In doing so I will be working under the thesis that in statist societies the family is in direct competition with the state for the loyalty and the control of the resources of individuals. Finally, I'll explore themes for just a few of the many modern opportunities that a free nation might offer families. Contemporary discussion of the politics of the family often involves a notion of "family values," or what is good for "the family." In such discussions, "the family" is often held to be the basic social unit of civilised society. It is, however, a very specific kind of family which is being referred to, a family with one adult male and one adult female, who have a state-licensed marriage, and who are raising two or three children. The man and the woman typically have or have had a sexual relationship and are typically the biological parents of the children. The members of the family live in a single residence. They may or may not have blood kin nearby. But most of their social interactions are with persons with whom they are not related. It is often assumed in discussions of social problems, that a society which fosters this kind of family is desirable and that this kind of family is the most natural one for humanity. But these notions are clearly wrong. In the natural history of humanity the family mentioned above is a very recent phenomenon. Variations on the human biological type (characterised by, among many other things, the use of stone or more advanced tools) are thought to have existed for at least 2 million years. These, our ancestors, lived for most of that time in hunter-gatherer bands, in a social structure with very different characteristics from the "modern family" ideal. Mankind's earliest family structure The hunter-gatherer band was certainly a community, though usually a small one. It would typically be composed of fewer than one hundred individuals of both sexes and a wide range of ages. It would roam the countryside in search of small to medium game, typically hunted by the adult males, and very small game, insects and edible plants, typically gathered by females and children. This was the most significant division of labour, producing in some ways separate environments and subcultures for men and women. Men might hunt individually or in groups. But when they cooperated, leadership was not based on official rank, but rather on one hunter proposing a group hunt and recruiting others to follow him. None were compelled to follow, however, and different hunts might have different leaders based on the relative charisma of different individuals at different times. Women needed even less coordination. With them leadership would be more a matter of the wiser or more skilled giving advice as the need arose. Evidence suggests that there were few if any persons we today would call "old" (over fifty years). Care of children was primarily the job of each child's biological mother, but all children were nurtured to some extent by all adults, especially the women. For most of humanity's existence the notion of fatherhood was non-existent, as the relationship between sex and pregnancy wasn't known. It is impossible to say when this discovery was made, but even after the notion of paternity was established there was a tendency for a child's kinship to be traced primarily or only through its mother as the biological father's identity was still doubtful. However, at any one time, a child's mother might have a special adult male friend within the band who had regular sex with her and who shared food with her and any small children she might have. This man's association with the mother would benefit her younger children, though he may not have been their biological parent. These smaller groups of individuals would be roughly approximate to the modern notion of "households." Each child would almost certainly know who was its mother, thus also who were its mother's other children, thus also who (on its mother's side) were its aunts, uncles, etcetera. If these persons were nearby, a certain affinity between such blood kinsmen would exist. Most of the adults would have been raised together and would to a large extent be raising their own children together. However, blood kin (on the mother's side), while known, might not stay with the band. During most of the period when humans organised only as hunter-gatherer bands, humanity had not yet filled up the available habitable space. The total number of humans on earth rose extremely slowly. Great risk from disease or animal attack kept most children from reaching adulthood. Many women died in childbirth. Men could be injured in confrontations with animals. Getting enough food was not the biggest problem. But there would be times when the food in some specific area might be a little thin, motivating the band to split into two or more groups and go separate ways. None were likely to starve, but individuals might lose contact with relatives. Loss of a group member might also occur when different bands met. Ordinarily they could afford a reasonable degree of cordiality. And as they went their separate ways, each band might lose a few members to the other. Sometimes, but not always, this would involve fresh sexual relationships, thus diversifying the gene pools of each group as is the case with great apes to this day. "Anatomically modern" humans are thought to have emerged between one hundred fifty thousand and two hundred thousand years ago. Yet most if not all humans continued to live as hunter-gatherers until at least ten thousand years ago. The older and longer period is referred to as the "Palaeolithic" (or Old Stone Age). The newer period is called the "Neolithic" (or New Stone Age, covering the period up to the first use of metal). Only in the Neolithic did some communities begin developing other means of providing themselves with food. Slowly the number of non-hunter-gatherers increased until the vast majority of cultures were not of that type (though a few hunter-gatherer communities still exist today). So at a minimum, at least ninety percent of human history is characterised by social organisation which was very functional but which did not include any institutions which were much like the "modern family" ideal. The hunter-gatherer group was a "family" but by modern standards a fairly large one, with loyalties that were as much socially based as they were biologically based, and which lacked entirely many of today's "family values." If there

= filepaths[:max_assets] for asset in _multi_import_generator(filepaths, extension_map, has_landmarks=has_landmarks, landmark_resolver=landmark_resolver): yield asset def _import(filepath, extensions_map, keep_importer=False, has_landmarks=True, landmark_resolver=None, asset=None): r""" Creates an importer for the filepath passed in, and then calls build on it, returning a list of assets or a single asset, depending on the file type. The type of assets returned are specified by the ``extensions_map``. Parameters ---------- filepath : string The filepath to import extensions_map : dictionary (String, :class:`menpo.io.base.Importer`) A map from extensions to importers. The importers are expected to be non-instantiated classes. The extensions are expected to contain the leading period eg. ``.obj``. keep_importer : bool, optional If ``True``, return the :class:`menpo.io.base.Importer` for each mesh as well as the meshes. has_landmarks : bool, optional If `True`, an attempt will be made to find relevant landmarks. landmark_resolver: function, optional If not None, this function will be used to find landmarks for each asset. The function should take one argument (the asset itself) and return a dictionary of the form {'group_name': 'landmark_filepath'} asset: object, optional If not None, the asset will be passed to the importer's build method as the asset kwarg Returns ------- assets : list of assets or tuple of (assets, [:class:`menpo.io.base .Importer`]) The asset or list of assets found in the filepath. If `keep_importers` is `True` then the importer is returned. """ filepath = _norm_path(filepath) if not os.path.isfile(filepath): raise ValueError("{} is not a file".format(filepath)) # below could raise ValueError as well... importer = map_filepath_to_importer(filepath, extensions_map) if asset is not None: built_objects = importer.build(asset=asset) else: built_objects = importer.build() # landmarks are iterable so check for list precisely ioinfo = importer.build_ioinfo() # enforce a list to make processing consistent if not isinstance(built_objects, list): built_objects = [built_objects] # attach ioinfo for x in built_objects: x.ioinfo = deepcopy(ioinfo) # handle landmarks if has_landmarks: if landmark_resolver is None: # user isn't customising how landmarks are found. lm_pattern = os.path.join(ioinfo.dir, ioinfo.filename + '.*') # find all the landmarks we can lms_paths = _glob_matching_extension(lm_pattern, all_landmark_types) for lm_path in lms_paths: # manually trigger _import (so we can set the asset!) lms = _import(lm_path, all_landmark_types, keep_importer=False, has_landmarks=False, asset=asset) for x in built_objects: try: x.landmarks[lms.group_label] = deepcopy(lms) except DimensionalityError: pass else: for x in built_objects: lm_paths = landmark_resolver(x) # use the users fcn to find # paths if lm_paths is None: continue for group_name, lm_path in lm_paths.iteritems(): lms = import_landmark_file(lm_path) x.landmarks[group_name] = lms # undo list-if-cation (if we added it!) if len(built_objects) == 1: built_objects = built_objects[0] if keep_importer: return built_objects, importer else: return built_objects def _multi_import_generator(filepaths, extensions_map, keep_importers=False, has_landmarks=False, landmark_resolver=None): r""" Generator yielding assets from the filepaths provided. Note that if a single file yields multiple assets, each is yielded in turn (this function will never yield an iterable of assets in one go). Assets are yielded in alphabetical order from the filepaths provided. Parameters ---------- filepaths : list of strings The filepaths to import. Assets are imported in alphabetical order extensions_map : dictionary (String, :class:`menpo.io.base.Importer`) A map from extensions to importers. The importers are expected to be non-instantiated classes. The extensions are expected to contain the leading period eg. ``.obj``. keep_importers : bool, optional If ``True``, return the :class:`menpo.io.base.Importer` for each mesh as well as the meshes. has_landmarks : bool, optional If `True`, an attempt will be made to find relevant landmarks. landmark_resolver: function, optional If not None, this function will be used to find landmarks for each asset. The function should take one argument (the asset itself) and return a dictionary of the form {'group_name': 'landmark_filepath'} Yields ------ asset : An asset found at one of the filepaths. importer: :class:`menpo.io.base.Importer` Only if ``keep_importers`` is ``True``. The importer used for the yielded asset. """ importer = None for f in sorted(filepaths): imported = _import(f, extensions_map, keep_importer=keep_importers, has_landmarks=has_landmarks, landmark_resolver=landmark_resolver) if keep_importers: assets, importer = imported else: assets = imported # could be that there are many assets returned from one file. # landmarks are iterable so check for list precisely if isinstance(assets, list): # there are multiple assets, and one importer. # -> yield each asset in turn with the shared importer (if # requested) for asset in assets: if keep_importers: yield asset, importer else: yield asset else: # assets is a single item. Rather than checking (again! for # importers, just yield the imported tuple yield imported def _glob_matching_extension(pattern, extensions_map): r""" Filters the results from the glob pattern passed in to only those files that have an importer given in ``extensions_map``. Parameters ---------- pattern : string A UNIX style glob pattern to match against. extensions_map : dictionary (String, :class:`menpo.io.base.Importer`) A map from extensions to importers. The importers are expected to be non-instantiated classes. The extensions are expected to contain the leading period eg. ``.obj``. Returns ------- filepaths : list of string The list of filepaths that have valid extensions. """ pattern = _norm_path(pattern) files = glob(pattern) exts = [os.path.splitext(f)[1] for f in files] matches = [ext in extensions_map for ext in exts] return [f for f, does_match in zip(files, matches) if does_match] def map_filepath_to_importer(filepath, extensions_map): r""" Given a filepath, return the appropriate importer as mapped by the extension map. Parameters ---------- filepath : string The filepath to get importers for extensions_map : dictionary (String, :class:`menpo.io.base.Importer`) A map from extensions to importers. The importers are expected to be a subclass of :class:`Importer`. The extensions are expected to contain the leading period eg. ``.obj``. Returns -------- importer: :class:`menpo.io.base.Importer` instance Importer as found in the ``extensions_map`` instantiated for the filepath provided. """ ext = os.path.splitext(filepath)[1] importer_type = extensions_map.get(ext) if importer_type is None: raise ValueError("{} does not have a suitable importer.".format(ext)) return importer_type(filepath) def find_extensions_from_basename(filepath): r""" Given a filepath, find all the files that share the same name. Can be used to find all potential matching images and landmark files for a given mesh for instance. Parameters ---------- filepath : string An absolute filepath Returns ------- files : list of strings A list of absolute filepaths to files that share the same basename as filepath. These files are found using ``glob``. """ basename = os.path.splitext(os.path.basename(filepath))[0] + '*' basepath = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(filepath), basename) return glob(basepath) def filter_extensions(filepaths, extensions_map): r""" Given a set of filepaths, filter the files who's extensions are in the given map. This is used to find images and landmarks from a given basename. Parameters ---------- filepaths : list of strings A list of absolute filepaths extensions_map : dictionary (String, :class:`menpo.io.base.Importer`) A map from extensions to importers. The importers are expected to be non-instantiated classes. The extensions are expected to contain the leading period eg. ``.obj``. Returns ------- basenames : list of strings A list of basenames """ extensions = extensions_map.keys() return [os.path.basename(f) for f in filepaths if os.path.splitext(f)[1] in extensions] def find_alternative_files(file_type, filepath, extensions_map): r""" Given a filepath, search for files with the same basename that match a given extension type, eg images. If more than one file is found, an error is printed and the first such basename is returned. Parameters ---------- file_type : string The type of file being found. Used for the error outputs. filepath : string An absolute filepath extensions_map : dictionary (String, :class:`menpo.io.base.Importer`) A map from extensions to importers. The importers are expected to be non-instantiated classes. The extensions are expected to contain the leading period eg. ``.obj``. Returns ------- base_name : string The basename of the file that was found eg ``mesh.bmp``. Only **one** file is ever returned. If more than one is found, the first is taken. Raises ------ ImportError If no alternative file is found """ try: all_paths = find_extensions_from_basename(filepath) base_names = filter_extensions(all_paths, extensions_map) if len(base_names) > 1: print "Warning: More than one {0} was found: " \ "{1}. Taking the first by default".format( file_type, base_names) return base_names[0] except Exception as e: raise ImportError("Failed to find a {0} for {1} from types {2}. " "Reason: {3}".format(file_type, filepath, extensions_map, e.message)) def _images_unrelated_to_meshes(image_paths, mesh_texture_paths): r""" Find the set of

untroubled sleep. No Clintonian policy chats at 3 a.m. for him. "He's brief. He uses simple words. He has a practiced steely resolve," Mazey, the DePaul professor, says. "He shows no second thoughts, no regrets. That's pretty unique. With other presidents at war, you could see it in their eyes, the toll of putting American soldiers at risk." It may have been that austere image of a Man Without Doubt that pushed many Americans who harbored considerable reservations about the conflict before it began to jump on board behind the president. Opinion polls indicate that an overwhelming majority of Americans support the war, even in the face of greater than expected casualties. A New York Times/CBS News poll conducted last week showed that about 70 percent of Americans surveyed supported the war despite a number just as high saying the Bush administration hadn't done an adequate job of explaining the cost involved, how long the war would last or how many American troops could be killed. "Americans want to believe the president and want to trust him," Crockett says. Wait And See: The Post-War Bush But it can't stay that way forever. In the corporate-speak the administration favors, the president still must answer to the bottom line. As DePaul's Mezey says, "It's one thing to be resolute, it's another thing to bring the troops home." That's where Bush's public persona carries its greatest risk. While Bush's conduct allows him to escape some accountability for setbacks in the course of the war with Iraq, he won't be able to escape responsibility for the end result. Should the war become extended, and should American casualties mount, Bush could face charges that he was out of touch or overly distant from decisions, much as Ronald Reagan was portrayed during his second term in office. And much like his father was described after the end of Persian Gulf War, when the economy bottomed out. "This has become a legacy maker or breaker," Crockett says. "He'll either reap the rewards or suffer the consequences." [James Oliphant is a former Washington, D.C.-based writer on law, politics and government who now lives in the American Southwest] TOPICS: Constitution/Conservatism; Foreign Affairs; Government; News/Current Events; Politics/Elections KEYWORDS: blair; bushdoctrineunfold; commanderinchief; iraqifreedom; jamesoliphant; leadership; warlist first 1-20, 21-28 next last I did a search and didn't find this. Hope it's not already posted. God bless President Bush. Now if he'd just do something about all the criminal aliens... 1 posted on 04/06/2003 12:39:35 PM PDT by upchuck To: upchuck Dubbya bump. 2 posted on 04/06/2003 12:43:26 PM PDT by JusPasenThru (Eliminate the ninnies and the twits...) Amen! God Bless this man, as he free's Iraq and makes our homeland more secure. 3 posted on 04/06/2003 12:45:53 PM PDT by AgThorn (Continue to pray for our Troops!!) IMHO.... If Bush wants to "Lock-Down" re-election...this conflict must be WON before then, Cheney and Rummie step down, and Powell elevated to VP. That combo covers EVERYTHING! no? 4 posted on 04/06/2003 12:46:31 PM PDT by steplock ( http://www.spadata.com) Actually, I kind of like the idea of pairing up Clint Eastwood and Hugh Grant in a cowboy movie. 5 posted on 04/06/2003 12:48:17 PM PDT by carmody I remember the Carter years well. The Iranian hostage situation certainly did reduce Carter to a pathetic figure, helped along by Ted Koppel's nightly "America Held Hostage" broadcast (which later turned into "Nightline"). It was always said that Jimmy Carter was the 53rd hostage. Typical of Jimmy Carter was the spectacularly audacious "rescue mission" that resulted in the needless loss of American lives. The military equivalent of a "Hail Mary," it was sort of like Bill Clinton trying to dislodge Saddam by lobbing a few million-dollar cruise missiles at some tents out in the desert. 6 posted on 04/06/2003 12:53:10 PM PDT by SamAdams76 (California wine beats French wine in blind taste tests. Boycott French wine.) Great find! Thanks for posting and if a dupe, oh well, we need more good news!!!!!! 7 posted on 04/06/2003 12:54:15 PM PDT by LouisianaJoanof Arc (Proud to be an American Republican) Actually, this is more reminiscent of another President who was widely derided for not being interested in the details, was generally hands-off in management style and always got a lot of sleep, especially during Cabinet meetings... Oh, yeah, that President also won the Cold War. Good to know that Dubya is following a good role model. P.S. I'm thinking of Ronald Reagan. 8 posted on 04/06/2003 12:56:26 PM PDT by Chairman Fred (@mousiedung.commie) It's been so long since we've had anything in this country to feel proud about. Tears well up in my eyes now when I think of President Bush and the troops overseas. We really are the LAND OF THE FREE and the HOME OF THE BRAVE! 9 posted on 04/06/2003 12:59:13 PM PDT by Hildy To: upchuck; xsmommy; Howlin; hobbes1; WhyisaTexasgirlinPA 10 posted on 04/06/2003 1:02:18 PM PDT by NeoCaveman To: carmody the idea of pairing up Clint Eastwood and Hugh Grant in a cowboy movie John Wayne plus Dean Martin 11 posted on 04/06/2003 1:02:45 PM PDT by Hebrews 11:6 (Look it up!) Sometimes with all of the talk of liberation and freedom the President has had to do, it is apparent to me that he is doing it for the benefit of some Americans who seem to not understand the concept more than for the Ibenefit of Iraqi's oppressed citizens. God Bless President George W. Bush who will indeed be one of America's most respected, greatest, boldest, strongest leadership president. 12 posted on 04/06/2003 1:06:17 PM PDT by harpo11 (Godspeed Brave USA Troops! My Families Thoughts and Prayers are Being Sent to YOU!) To: steplock NO!! Powell could have had the Presidency handed to him on a silver platter in 1996 but he turned it down. Unless the economy shows some signs of life before summer of 2004, especially in new hiring, Bush is still vulnerable. The good news, however, is if the economy surprises to the upside, Bush will be reelected by a landslide and his coattails will add 5 to 10 more Republican Senators!! 13 posted on 04/06/2003 1:12:03 PM PDT by CROSSHIGHWAYMAN "Cheney and Rummie step down, and Powell elevated to VP. No?" NO! Cheney may decide to be replaced, maybe by Condie Rice, but Please Lord, not by Powell! He would be a RINO at best, and only came kicking and screaming to support GW in this war. Why in the world would you want Rummie to step down. He is a national treasure, and one of the smartest guys in the Administration. 14 posted on 04/06/2003 1:15:08 PM PDT by holyscroller (Why are Liberal female media types always ugly to boot?) Powell will NEVER be President or Vice President. He won't run. He's completely p-whipped by his wife, who is 100% convinced that any black man with a real chance at getting elected to either position will be shot. He's promised her he'll never seek the presidency. Besides, we all know what loyalty means to GWB, and how he gives it back in return. Unless Cheney falls over dead or resigns of his own accord, he's going to be on the ticket right next to Bush in 2004. 15 posted on 04/06/2003 1:18:19 PM PDT by Timesink (When was the last time YOU remembered we're on Code Orange?) To: holyscroller I agree. If anything, Powell should be replaced as SOS with someone more aligned with Dubya's goals and mindset. 16 posted on 04/06/2003 1:18:47 PM PDT by upchuck (Sadamn: You are on the way to destruction...you have no chance to survive, make your time..ha ha ha) To: upchuck; *Bush Doctrine Unfold; randita; SierraWasp; Carry_Okie; okie01; socal_parrot; snopercod; .. Excellent piece! Bush Doctrine Unfolds : To find all articles tagged or indexed using Bush Doctrine Unfold , click below: click here >>> Bush Doctrine Unfold <<< click here (To view all FR Bump Lists, click here) 17 posted on 04/06/2003 1:19:09 PM PDT by Ernest_at_the_Beach (Where is Saddam?) I was looking towards DNC slaughter. Powell is a southern

the island sequences and the name being on The List was a tip of the hat? (Regarding his father's dinner invitation) Tommy: Apparently he wants to mend some fences but... thanks to him I can't afford a fence, so I can only assume he's got some other agenda. Laurel: Well, there's only one way to find out. Maybe he really is trying to extend an olive branch? Tommy: You really do look for the best in people, don't you? Laurel: Lucky for you. (After Gaynor threatens Carly's life) Diggle: You're forgetting one thing, guys. Gaynor: Oh yeah? What's that? Digg: I'm the one with the grenade launcher! (After Ollie shoots Gaynor dead, saving Diggle's life) Diggle: You're late. Ollie: You knew I was coming? Diggle: Next time you plant a bug on someone, be a little more subtle about it. (beat) I wish you trusted me though. Ollie: I trusted you. But them? Never. Diggle: I screwed up, Oliver. Obviously, Gaynor wasn't who I thought he was. I was wrong. Ollie: Yeah, but... you were right too. When you told me that I trusted the list more than I trusted you? Diggle, the truth is that after what happened to me on the island... it's difficult for me to trust anything. But you do. And that reminded me why I chose you as my partner. It's because you see the best in people. Emily Bett Rickards's delivery of the line "So no wine then?" is painfully flat. There's no pause or inflection at all. Thea notices that Moira seems far too well-adjusted in the face of Walter Steel's disappearance. Diggle calls Ollie's hideout "The Arrowcave" for the first time. The robbery we see is the third one perpetuated by the armored-car robbers. Diggle says it has been two months since they found out Robert Queen didn't write The List (109) Ollie uses knock-out darts to bring down the soldiers in the Blackhawk offices. Ollie explains that he found a message his dad left him explaining The List " a few years ago". He did not find it on the island. Tommy Meryln's mother was killed when he was 8. She apparently ran a free clinic, which Tommy still has legal control over. Ollie's skill with a bow is such he can shoot the gas-mask off of someone, by putting an arrow through the filter. Thea Queen is now 18. One of her friend's birthday present is a dose of a new designer drug called Vertigo. After his wife died, Malcolm Merlyn shut his son out and disappeared for two years - the implication in the video as Tommy talks about this being that this was when Malcolm first began his training as the Dark Archer. Ollie allows Diggle to cross Ted Gaynor's name off of The List at which point Diggle says he doesn't want to know any names on The List until Ollie tells him who they are. Thea Queen is arrested for DUI at episode's end. Vertigo is apparently well-known enough as a designer drug that Ollie has heard of it and it's apparently big in The Glades. Laurel doesn't get much to do in this episode apart from be supportive of Tommy as he deals with his daddy issues. Again, Ollie's apparent technical skills are lowered so that we can bring in the Manic Pixie Dreamgirl Hacker that is Felicity Smoak to explain it all. Granting that the military-grade encryption used by Blackhawk is probably a bit more difficult than the police department computer hacking we saw Ollie doing in Year's End (109), Ollie is still a flipping idiot to keep going back to the same employee and having her do all these things. Are there no other IT people at Queen Industries? Delightful. A solid episode with a good script and good performances from the entire ensemble. The theme of trust betrayed neatly works its' way into every single relationship in the story and the actors play all the conflicts to the hilt. The action sequences are also top-notch. Apart from my usual complaints about the character of Felicity Smoak (am I alone in finding her incredibly annoying?), I have nothing bad to say about this episode. Labels: Andrew Kreisberg, Arrow, Arrow Episode Guide, Arrow Season One, Ben Browder, Colin Donnell, David Ramsey, Green Arrow, John Barrowman, Katie Cassidy, Marc Guggenheim, Stephen Amell, TV, Willa Holland Subtitled 'Sins Of The Father', Arrow #16 is a step backward in several respects. Much of Ollie's character development in recent issues and episodes of the show seems to have been lost, as Ollie is back to killing minions willy-nilly. It's a minor point but a caption box noting this story took place early on in Ollie's vigilante days would not have been amiss. The script by Emilio Aldrich is somewhat repetitive, covering much the same territory as the television episode Legacies. Like that episode, the main plot of this issue centers upon a family of criminals and Ollie's attempts to help one of them make amends for his past crimes. The circumstances are just different enough to maintain interest but one can't shake the feeling that we've seen this before. The real unpleasant surprise of the issue is the artwork by the usually excellent Mike Grell. For the most part, this issue looks good. The problem is one ridiculous action sequence, where Ollie seems to escape capture by throwing arrows with enough force to cut into the flesh of the drug dealers he is fighting. I could believe Ollie managing this with darts and we've seen him use those in the show before. I could see him having arrow-shaped darts just for the sake of keeping to his theme. But as drawn, given the proportions of everything else, it looks like Ollie is THROWING arrows at people! For shame, Mike Grell! As much as it pains me to say this, you can probably skip this week's Arrow comic unless you're a Mike Grell completist or a die-hard Arrowhead. The story is lackluster. The art, while generally excellent, falls apart along with all sense of proportion in the final action sequence. Truly disappointing on all fronts. Labels: Andrew Kreisberg, Arrow, Arrow Web Comic, Emilio Aldrich, Green Arrow, Marc Guggenheim, Mike Grell Supergirl, Vol. 1: Last Daughter of Krypton - A No Flying No Tights Review SOURCE: Supergirl, Vol.1 - Last Daughter of Krypton The greatest problem with Supergirl as a character has always been establishing her as a separate entity from Superman and developing her into something more than "Superman's cousin". This proved a daunting task for most writers, given the impetus behind Kara Zor-El's creation was a desire to get more girls to read comics. For the longest time, that's all Supergirl was – a girl with Superman's powers. Over the years, many writers have tried to differentiate Supergirl from Superman by giving her different powers and a different background, to varying degrees of success. Thankfully, the New 52 revamp of 2011 gave DC Comics a chance to create a Supergirl that was free of all this baggage and authors Michael Green and Mike Johnson rose to the occasion. Though the background of this Supergirl may be familiar to long-time comic fans, Green & Johnson's Supergirl is an entirely new character. They accomplish this through an angle I don't think any writer has considered in the five decades since Supergirl's creation – culture shock. Attacked by Russian soldiers shortly after her awakening from suspended animation after her ship crashes in the Siberian wilderness, this Kara Zor-El is quickly established as both an intelligent, logical young woman and a typical teenage girl. Her intelligence is established in how she deduces that she is truly on an alien world and not just dreaming. Her nature as a realistic teenager is established later on, when she finally meets her cousin Kal-El. Or rather, a man

Culture (New Issues Press, 1997), Arrow Pointing North (Four Way Books, 2002), Abrupt Rural (New Issues Press, 2004), The Nervous Filaments (Four Way Books, 2010) Orphan, Indiana (University of Akron Press, 2010), Sky Booths in the Breath Somewhere, the Ashbery Erasure Poems (BlaxeVox, 2010), and The Coldest Winter On Earth (Marick Press, 2012). His newest book, Animalities, is forthcoming from Four Way Books in October, 2014. [He also makes gorgeous collages! Visit: http://seventeenfingeredpoetrybird.blogspot.com/] Margaret Patton Chapman is the author of the novella-in-flash, Bell and Bargain, forthcoming in My Very End of the Universe: Five Novellas-in-Flash and a Study of the Form (Rose Metal Press 2014). http://margaretpattonchapman.com/ In authors, books, Božena Němcová, collage, hybrid genres, interviews, my writing, novellas, novels, poetry, prague, process, Rose Metal Press, thanks, travel, writers, writing David Dodd Lee, Donna Miscolta, Joseph Bates, Margaret Patton Chapman, Rebecca Meacham, Writing Process Blog Tour Dispatches from Fallingwater June 1, 2012 — 1 Comment In celebration/preparation for my forthcoming book set at Fallingwater (Liliane's Balcony), I am volunteering be an Ask-Me Guide at Fallingwater. I attended an orientation in April, and this week I volunteered two days. Tuesday was my first day, and it was high drama from the time I arrived at 10 a.m. The front desk was short-handed, there was a woodpecker trapped in the Visitors' Center, and busloads of fourth-graders were arriving for their field trips. The kids, of course, were fascinated by the trapped woodpecker, which thought it could fly through the glass panel and was clearly bewildered each time it smacked into glass. One boy proudly told me that he'd raised baby robins after the mother bird abandoned them. A maintenance guy was called, and he managed to clutch the woodpecker briefly between two long duster puffs and eventually direct the bird out of the area – to great applause from the fourth graders. You can't see the woodpecker, but the person in yellow is looking right at it, moments before its escape/liberation. The lone Info Desk person was a mastermind at the Fallingwater command center. Somehow, amid fourth-graders, trapped birds, new membership applications, and visitors who wanted to avoid fourth-graders, she managed to speak to each new visitor, assign them a tour group, and send a group on its tour every 6 minutes. My job was very simple: assemble the tour groups, count the number of people in the group, and tell them how to get to the house – and I still managed to screw up. A group that was supposed to have 14 only had 12, but someone said two more were coming. I could see them coming so I said, "Great! Here's how you get to the house." And as they walked past me toward the house, I counted 16 people – too many for one group. But it was too late. This happened a couple times. It's times like these that you think you should probably just turn your Ph.D. over to the person at the Info Desk, who is clearly smarter and more competent than you in every way. Things calmed down eventually, and I was able to have an amazing lunch in the cafe: an apple, butternut squash, and brie panini with couscous! But when I returned, there was a sudden and huge downpour/storm. A young French family had their tour postponed and the little girls ran around the sheltered area for a half hour. I watched people run to the center in the rain and handed out umbrellas for trips back to the parking lot. In my days at Fallingwater, I saw school kids of various ages, families from France, the Middle East, the Far East, the US South, and even an Amish group. I talked to a couple from North Carolina (Wright aficionados), a student who asked if the visitors' center was the house, and a woman who was at Fallingwater to celebrate her 50th birthday. She celebrated her 40th on a mountain in Alaska. And I met all the amazing people who work and volunteer at Fallingwater. In the epigraph to my forthcoming book, I quote Frank Lloyd Wright: "The rock ledges of a stone quarry are a story and a longing to me." I love that quote, and this week at Fallingwater I kept thinking that Fallingwater itself is a story and a longing. Everyone at Fallingwater has a story and a longing, and I loved having contact with so many of them. In architecture, fallingwater, Frank Lloyd Wright, Liliane's Balcony, my writing, novellas, peek behind the curtain, prague, road trips, Rose Metal Press AWP Chicago, Rose Metal Press, Frank Lloyd Wright At AWP I got to meet with Kathleen and Abby of Rose Metal Press, who publish amazing, beautiful, and unique hybrid-genre books like these: They also say super-smart things about the importance of indie-publishing, like this short essay, "On Being Indie," at The Next Best Book Blog: Compared to trade publishers, we have more creative freedom because we are independent and a nonprofit and can publish and encourage the kind of writing that we see as ground-breaking and innovative rather than focusing heavily on the marketability and projected sales numbers of any given project. We obviously want our books to sell, but the quality of the work takes precedence in our process of choosing what we'll publish. So you can imagine how thrilled I am that they are publishing my book, Liliane's Balcony, in fall 2013. They wrote up a juicy description of the book to preview their upcoming publications: Liliane's Balcony is a novella-in-flash that takes place at Frank Lloyd Wright's Fallingwater. Built for Pittsburgh merchants E.J. and Liliane Kaufmann in 1935, the house is as much a character as it is a setting. One September night in 1952, Liliane Kaufmann—tired of her husband's infidelities with a woman named Stoops—overdoses on pain pills in her bedroom. From there, Liliane's Balcony alternates Mrs. Kaufmann's mostly true story with the fictional narratives of four modern-day tourists who arrive at the historic home in the midst of their own personal crises, all of which culminate on Mrs. Kaufmann's over-sized, cantilevered balcony. With its ghosts, motorcycles, portraits, Vikings, and failed relationships, Liliane's Balcony is as dizzying and intricately beautiful as the structure in which it is set. Here's a link to the opening chapter published at Talking Writing:http://talkingwriting.com/?p=640 Frank Lloyd Wright was on my mind because of the book and because I was in Chicago, where he's kind of hard to avoid. On Sunday, after I had my final coffee-with-a-friend and before I drove back to South Bend, I visited FLW's home and studio in Oak Park. Here are a few of the like 50 pictures I took. They're kind of crappy because I used my iPhone and was often rushing to take pics before other tourists got in my frame, and they're in reverse order so just pretend you're walking backward through the tour. Wright's Oak Park house and studio, 1889-1909. Love the ceiling lights throughout the house. Secretary's desk in the studio office. Waiting room to the studio. And also a talking room where they could lay out plans on the table and shut the studio door and discuss the PLANS. Side of studio. Model of the Robie House. Center of studio with hint of the vaulted ceiling. Amazing. Yep. Apparently the second floor was originally supported by the chains, but current building codes won't allow it. First view of studio. Robie model on left. The desks straight ahead are the ones in earlier photo. Light shining down from upper level windows. The children's play room! (There were 6 kids.) Windows on both sides. Grand piano wedged into the wall on the left side of image. More awesome ceiling lights. These are in the dining room, which was pretty small and typical of the time. Living room. Bay window seating. For Wright, the hearth is always the center of

Victims of Bullying, Harassment, and Victimisation in the CSIRO CSIRO media spokeperson 'verbals" radio announcer Posted on March 8, 2013. Filed under: Uncategorized | On Wednesday's Capital Radio 2CC drive program, long time radio personality Mike Welsh revealed details of a highly intimidating telephone call he received from CSIRO's Media Liaison Manager, Mr Huw Morgan. It is understood Mr Morgan used highly inflammatory and intimidating language in his off-air conversation with the radio personality, demanding to know "what kind of <effing> journalist are you?" It is reported that Mr Morgan is unhappy with the drive program's reporting of the allegations of systemic workplace bullying plaguing the Commonwealth agency and that previously, Mr Morgan has made a number of phone calls to the radio presenter insisting that he desist from providing any further airtime in regards to the matter. It is understood that CSIRO CEO, Dr Megan Clark has declined a number of invitations to speak with the radio announcer in relation to workplace bullying allegations within the organisation and that the only public response which the CSIRO has been prepared to make to date is one of "no comment". Those who are familiar with the CSIRO's previous communicators and communication strategies will recall the media debacle during the time of former tobacco industry lobbyist, Donna Staunton's employment in which the CSIRO is alleged to have "black balled", journalist Peter Pockley after Mr Pockley wrote an article on the gagging of scientists by senior management within the CSIRO at the time. It has been reported that in recent weeks, CSIRO representitives have also contacted a number of other parties critical of the CSIRO's handling of workplace bullying issues placing similar pressure on them to desist from further public comment. It would appear that the CSIRO's media relations strategies have not really changed in all this time… Read Full Post | Make a Comment ( 8 so far ) Article in Occupational Health News (Thomson-Reuters) The following article was published in Thomson-Reuters Occupational Health News Periodical CSIRO bullying probe rebuffed A group of former CSIRO staff have refused to support an inquiry the nation's peak scientific body established to investigate claims of bullying, intimidation and other allegations of serious misconduct. More than 100 scientists and former CSIRO staff formed the "Victims of CSIRO" (VoC) group in 2012 claiming the organisation had not tackled bullying and harassment allegations (OHN 979). Former CSIRO employee Andrew Hooley, who established the VoC, told OHN "the current investigation is not in the public interest, constitutes a gross miscarriage justice and is effectively a gross misuse of public funds which should be allocated to a transparent and legitimate investigation process". "We have recommended to our members that we do not support participation in the process," he said. CSIRO released the terms of reference (ToR) for an independent investigation it initiated last month to examine allegations of bullying and unreasonable behaviour (OHN 1003). Emeritus Professor Dennis Pearce will lead the investigation with a team from HWL Ebsworth Lawyers. They will directly receive submissions from current and former CSIRO staff members and affiliates and examine those that warrant further investigation. Pearce is expected to deliver an interim report in May, after submissions close on May 27. "We are disappointed the VoC will not support the independent investigation," a CSIRO spokesperson told OHN. "We urge others who wish to have their concerns investigated to go to the independent investigator." CSIRO says some claims 'dodgy' CSIRO deputy chief executive of operations Mike Whelan told a Senate estimates committee in Canberra in February some of the claims on the VoC website were "dodgy". "Lots of allegations have been tossed around by stakeholders and media in recent times and I would have to say the basis for some is pretty dodgy," he said. "Over the last three years, to October 2012, there have been 11 allegations of bullying and harassment made in the CSIRO and 10 of those have subsequently not been substantiated." Whelan criticised claims made on the website. "There are entries that purport to detail the case studies of at least 14 victims of CSIRO and I know for a fact two of the individuals cited there have indicated to CSIRO that they are not victims, that they have not supported the material being put on that website and that they are uncomfortable about being associated with this," he said. Hooley accused Whelan of "pre-judging" the investigation's outcome, which was "inappropriate given CSIRO's legal department have largely been responsible for drafting the ToR document". He lobbied for a "truly independent investigation" because many VoC members were "terrified of the ramifications in making public disclosures of information". "Most of the allegations submitted are likely to be invalid for consideration in the second more thorough phase within the current ToR," he said. "(The ToR) does not oblige CSIRO to act on the findings or even publish the findings, the process is not transparent and does not allow for any challenge to the findings." In December, Comcare issued CSIRO a work health and safety improvement notice and ordered it to review its management of workplace misconduct and bullying. In a bulletin to the organisation's 6,600 workers, CSIRO chief executive Megan Clark said its Black Mountain installation in Canberra was now fully compliant with the improvement notice. The CSIRO spokesperson told OHN the notice related to procedures that dealt with people with a pre-existing mental health condition. Mirabella claims briefing not forthcoming The Coalition has complained it was not briefed on the inquiry details. A spokesperson for shadow science minister Sophie Mirabella told OHN a "promised" briefing was an email "shortly before they were publicly released". "We weren't briefed, we were emailed," the spokesperson said. The CSIRO spokesperson said "Mirabella's office was briefed on the terms of reference by the minister's office". Read Full Post | Make a Comment ( None so far ) A Victim's position on the recently announced Terms of Reference Provided below is our published position in relation to the recently published terms of reference for the "Independent" investigation into workplace bullying and other misconduct announced by the CSIRO. Whilst we do not question the credibility of Emeritus Professor Dennis Pearce in conduct the investigation, we do have some serious questions in relation to the efficacy of such a constrained investigation process, particularly as it excludes some of the most serious classifications of allegation. "Victims of CSIRO" Advocacy Group Rejects Terms of CSIRO's Bullying Inquiry – Advises Members Against Participation Inquiry Terms are "Irretrievably Flawed" and "Cannot Possibly" get to the Bottom of Allegations of Bullying Culture at CSIRO. Participants will be Disadvantaged. The advocacy group "Victims of CSIRO" (victimsofcsiro.com) today cautioned its members against participation in CSIRO's recently announced inquiry into workplace bullying at the organisation. Spokesman Andrew Hooley said that, while the group strongly supports the need for an inquiry and welcomes CSIRO's acknowledgement of that fact, the current terms of reference are hopelessly and irretrievably flawed. Hooley said: "We've spent considerable time reading and re-reading the documentation provided by the CSIRO-appointed investigator, Professor Dennis Pearce. Some of our members have also been in contact with Professor Pearce's office. We have further sought a legal opinion on the potential ramifications of engaging in the investigation." "Unfortunately, we cannot advise our members to participate in this inquiry. There is a fundamental conflict of interest in that the investigation will formally report to the most senior managers of CSIRO, who are alleged to be the very persons responsible for the apparently toxic culture." "There is, moreover, a total lack of transparency in the investigative process. Those same senior managers of CSIRO who will take receipt of the report are not obliged to act upon the findings of the investigator or even publish the report. Furthermore, the terms of reference render numerous submissions ineligible for investigation, particularly those of the most serious

There wasn't much activity in the outside areas of the facility. I would have thought there would be some workers walking around, drones, or anything, but I recalled that this was supposed to be non-working hours. Everyone must have been off site. There were a few large trucks carrying equipment between the buildings, but they all stayed on yellow lit paths, and it was easy to avoid their automated activity. Five minutes later I parked the limo outside of what Eve had told me was the office building, and we were talking through our next steps. "We still can't get changed? You are kidding me," Z shook her head angrily at me, and the motion made her breasts strain against the dental floss covering her nipples. "There are cameras everywhere. If you two step out of the car wearing your street clothes, someone might ask questions. If you wear that, it is a pretty clear visual about why he is taking you inside." "Shit. Fine. You are bringing the bags? I don't want to wear this while we are escaping gravity. This get up is already violating Newton's Laws." The blonde woman gestured to her breasts, and I had to agree that I didn't understand how everything was staying in place. "I'll bring them." I turned to the plump Asian man. "I will open the door; you will exit with the women. I will open the door to the building. Then we will go inside. You will take us to your office there. If anything other than that happens, the last thing you will see is a bullet tearing through your retina. Understand?" I asked through the open divider. "Yes." The man gulped. I got out of the driver seat and walked back to the door of the long luxury car. I took Z's hand to help her stand, and then I moved aside so Uwuwto could get out, and then I helped Eve. The vampire woman's hand was warm, and her fingers gave mine two brief squeezes before she let go. Our eyes met for a second, and I felt my tension relax a bit. They waited while I stepped into the limo. This was one of the parts of our plan with the least amount of leverage over the man. Eve didn't have a gun out because of the cameras, nor did Z. The man could break free of both women and then make a sprint to the door. Fortunately, he didn't think about escaping, and I managed to get our gear from the car without issue. I took the lead to the door, and then I opened it up so that the three of them could enter. There was another pair of guards inside. They weren't wearing armor, though. These were just men in cloth uniforms, security badges, and hats. Each of them had a pistol on their belts, and they stood as soon as we entered. "Boss wants to show the girls around," I spoke before the men could ask what was going on. "Ahh na," said one of the guards as he eyed the two women. The fucker was actually licking his lips like he was starving. "What in bags?" the other one asked in a heavy accent as he pointed at my load. I looked at the two men and then nodded my head so that they would step with me to the side of the room. Uwuwto continued to walk with the two women, and they reached the elevator of the lobby. "Toys," I whispered to both of the men and wide smiles spread over their faces. "He wants to keep this a bit of a secret. Like the last time. Here is some cash for you guys." I pulled a roll of bills I took from one of Uwuwto's guards and handed it over. "Can you turn off the cameras again? He doesn't want his wife to find out." I had no idea if the men would shut down the security stuff, but I figured it was worth asking. "Where ahh you take ahh them?" one of the men asked. "To his office." "No camera there. We turn off the, ah hallway ones," the other said. "My boss thanks you," I whispered as I handed the men another roll of bills. "I'll mention to him how good of a job you are both doing." "Ya. Have fun. Ahh maybe if he's done he can let us ah play?" "Maybe." I shrugged and tried to keep the disgust off of my face. I walked to the other side of the lobby and stepped into the opened elevator a few seconds after my companions. Eve's fingers were still wrapped around the back of the man's neck, and she gestured for him to press one of the buttons. He hit the icon for the top floor and the doors closed. We were almost there. "I can't wait to get into this man's office," Z hummed as she kind of ground Alwin's leg. I thought this was weird for her to say, but I noticed the cameras on the ceiling also had a receiver that could have been a microphone. The doors chimed and then opened to show a well-lit hallway. It was generic corp styling with gray walls, gray carpet, gray ceiling, and propaganda artwork adding the occasional splash of color. We followed Uwuwto to the end of the hallway, and he slid his thumb over a control panel for his office. The wood doors opened, and the four of us walked in. "There are no cameras in here," I told the women as soon as I closed the doors behind us. The room was large, and a three-meter long fish tank sat in the middle. On the other side were the man's wooden desk, couches, and a wet bar. "You sure?" Z asked as she looked at the ceiling. "Can I get out of this thing?" "Yeah. Then we need you to--" "I know. I'll have a much easier time hacking their system from this fuck's desk. Ugh. Do you have any idea where that sack of shit touched me? I need to shower a few dozen times. So gross." "Let's focus on the job, you can shower later." I said as I set down the duffle bag with the women's clothes in it. "Easy for you to say. You weren't even there, and your girlfriend has bodysuit and skirt on. Look at my outfit. This guy just put his fingers wherever the fuck he wanted," Z said as she glared at the man. "I thought you were an employee of the clu--" the chubby president began to say, but Eve interrupted him. "Let us continue. We have limited time." "Yeah. Okay." Z grabbed her clothes, shoes, and gun holster from inside of the bag. Then she walked over to the desk on the other side of the fish tank. "I will wait until she is done before I change," Eve said to me. "It is easier for me to read him while I touch his skin. They've given him some training to resist." "I won't do anything. Please let me live," the man whined again. "I'm changed!" Z shouted from the other side of the room. "I'll start on this computer. Can sleazebag log in? It'll make it easier." "Confirmed," I said as I yanked the man away from Eve. I nodded to the bag with her clothes, and she smiled before she kneeled down to grab her things. The movement allowed me to see down between her breasts, and I turned my head away before I was completely distracted. "Sit here and unlock your terminal, Mr. Toad," Z gestured to the large office chair at the desk. The blonde woman was wearing a pair of black military pants, military shirt, and light armored vest. "I will. Just don't--" "Yeah, I get it. Just

willingly hurl myself into that particular Briar Patch of Self-Pity. Granted, about 5 minutes before I started writing this post, I was more than ready to spend the rest of 2008 in the psychic fetal position, with a promise to unfurl myself on January 1st, 2009. But something just came over me. Maybe it was the second scotch and soda. Or maybe I'm just tired of focusing on what I don't have. Maybe it's time to be grateful for what I do have. At the top of that list is a lot of free time to think about something other than how much stuff I still have to do before Christmas Day. All I have to do is show up on time for dinner at the home I've been invited to. How great is that?? A Pig By Any Other Name Stinks Just As Much I know this will sound pretty shocking, but I'm eternally grateful to Illinois Governor Rod "The Tool" Blagojevich for being a brazen, disgustingly greedy old school pol with nary a moral or scruple in sight. He's actually given me the only Christmas gift I really need this year. You see, after nearly six months of living in Nairobi, I was really starting to feel battered by the constant onslaught of media coverage and public debate about political corruption in Kenya. Every day, there's a new "scandale" related to the post-election violence, or the food shortages, or Parliament's refusal to pay taxes on its obscene salaries and perks. And it's all rooted in a culture of impunity, lack of accountability and complete self-interest among politicians. Because I work in the media, I can't put it out of my mind. What's worse, TV channels here are so limited, I can't even come home every night and tune out and turn off my brain with a steady dose of TV Land or Seinfeld reruns. (Even my beloved Turner Classic Movies are only aired from about 7 PM to 7 AM each day, and I swear Africa must be getting their third-tier offerings. Most of the movies aired don't interest me in the least, and I rarely say that about a classic movies channel.) Let's just say my consciousness has been marinating in political chaos for almost 6 months straight. And not just from Kenya--I also can't avoid the quagmire of Zimbabwe and the Democratic Republic of Congo. Oh, and what would my day be without an update from the hurly burly of South African bureaucracy?And then there's Rwanda, and Burundi... Pour a couple of quarts of Holiday Humdrums on top of that toxic stew, and I've been pretty morose lately. I haven't posted anything here because it seems trivial to moan about my problems in this atmosphere. Plus, it's been sooooo easy to indulge in a bit of homesickness. Everything over here seems so corrupt and out of control, I thought. If I could just get back to America, where this level of malevolent self-interest at the expense of the electorate doesn't occur..... DUH!!! Along comes Rod to remind me that maniacal greed, ravening ego and stellar self delusion do not respect geographic boundaries. I mean, his behavior makes all the other Illinois governors who've been indicted or gone to jail look like choirboys who stole a few quarters from the collection plate. His sewer of a mouth makes Nixon sound like a Holy Roller. His naked ambition makes Madonna look like an understudy. Although my heart breaks over yet another scar on my homestate's battered political reputation, Blagojevich's astronomical political sleazebaggery has helped jolt me out of the doldrums. I would love to keep pretending that because vastly more than 50 percent of Americans have access to clean water, and any girl there can go to school, and myriads of people don't starve to death every day, that means that political corruption in the US is less appalling than in developing countries. But Rod has hipped me to the haps. There's no place on the face of the earth to escape the human condition, which includes insane piggishness like Governor B's. And if it oinks like a pig and stinks like a pig, it's a pig, whether it's in Nairobi or in Chicago. Dude, thanks for the badly needed reality check. Posted by Princess Rachella at 10:56 AM 2 comments: The Reason for the Season????? It is getting increasingly easier for me to consider never celebrating Christmas again for the rest of my life. I don't think I'll ever totally give up on Thanksgiving, because it's such a terrific gorging opportunity. And it feels a whole lot less fraught with drama and unrealistic expectatons than Christmas. But now, more than ever before, I am SO not feelin' the Yuletide spirit. The two recent Holiday Homicide stories from the US really helped steer me toward this bittersweet conclusion. I mean, what deep discount at Wal Mart possibly could have been worth trampling some hapless employee to death during the early morning hours of the day after Thanksgiving? How can the people who were even remotely involved in that stampede go on living with themselves, knowing that their rabid materialism helped extinguish another person's life? And then there's the Toys R Us Massacre. The stories I've read suggest the double homicide wasn't directly related to shopping...it just happened to occur the weekend after Thanksgiving in a crowded toy store where most parents forget to set boundaries for themselves and their children, hoping to get the latest, hottest item that will make them seem like the "bestest mommies and daddies ever," even though the whole family may eventually wind up living in the basement of Grandma's house because they got a teensy bit behind on the mortgage payments. So don't tell me those shootings weren't related to holiday shopping! Overall Pre-Christmas stress, plus knowing you can't afford to buy all that wildly overpriced shit anyway, plus somebody looking at you funny, or maybe bumping the wheels of their cart into the back of your ankles equals steely gray death, plain and simple. It probably wouldn't have happened if they'd been standing in line at the Goodwill store. Or maybe it would, I don't know. All I do know is the absolutely mindless consumerism that occurs every holiday season has become utterly disgusting to me. Besides, since the Angel of Death started hovering over my family about 6 years ago, I haven't really felt anything remotely resembling the Christmas spirit, anyway. Last year, being in Gulu for Christmas, so near the passing of my sister Julie, wound up being a complete blessing in disguise. As I wrote then, NOTHING there reminded me of Christmas, so I was spared the incessant, relentless trappings of Christmas in America....the millionth Bing Crosby song, the billionth Hallmark commercial reminding you of how fucked up YOUR life is compared to the people onscreen, the trillionth mouthwatering feast that won't add a single ounce to your already cholesterol-clogged arteries...... It was such a relief to be numb, emotionally empty and unharangued by those things. This year, I'm in Kenya, where skyrocketing food prices and outrageous corruption by public officials are putting quite the damper on Christmas festivities for the general public. This after many people hoped for a joyous season, following the chaos, death and destruction of the post-election period, which started around Christmas last year and continued through the early part of this year. The end result? Being a grinch is a total breeze for me during Chrismas 2008, y'all. I'm not thinking about decorations, pies, roast beast, Who pudding....BAH! Maybe one day I'll catch the spirit again. It might even be nice to actually care about having a tree to decorate, or staying up all night to make pies and brine the turkey and finish wrapping gifts. And to not

very good shot at getting the six they need. Martin Longman disagrees about Nate's West Virginia 90% GOP probability call: Jay Rockefeller's seat in the Senate has been in Democratic hands for all but eight years since FDR's 1933 inauguration and was last held by a Republican in 1958, when John D. Hoblitzell, Jr. was appointed as a temporary replacement for Sen. Matthew Neely. Joe Manchin's seat in the Senate was held by Robert Byrd for 51 years. Republican Henry Hatfield lost the seat in 1934, and the GOP has only controlled it briefly (November 7, 1956 – January 3, 1959) since that time. What this says is that West Virginian's are simply not in the habit of electing Republicans to state-wide office, especially for high-profile races. Yes, the state has changed over the last two decades, and it is remarkably hostile to our multiracial president. But, the same day that Obama was elected president, Joe Manchin was reelected as governor with 70% of the vote. Manchin was then elected to serve in the Senate twice, the second time earning over 60% of the vote on a ballot he shared with Obama. West Virginians also elected Democrat Earl Ray Tomblin to replace Manchin as governor that same election day. To which I reply that here in Kentucky, we elected and then re-elected Democrat Steve Beshear to succeed Ernie Fletcher, the first Republican governor we had since 1971. Fletcher's administration crashed and burned in scandal. But we haven't had a Democratic senator since 1998 and Nate puts better odds of that happening than West Virginia. Very similar states, Kentucky's registered Democrats outnumber Republicans by 2 to 1, and yet Mitch will probably win by 15 points. They hate Obama in West Virginia. They hate him even more here in Kentucky. Having said that, Nate's warning on that "enthusiasm gap" is real. A tie on the generic ballot might not sound so bad for Democrats. But it's a misleading signal, for two reasons. First, most of the generic ballot polls were conducted among registered voters. Those do not reflect the turnout advantage the GOP is likely to have in November. Especially in recent years, Democrats have come to rely on groups such as racial minorities and young voters that turn out much more reliably in presidential years than for the midterms. In 2010, the Republican turnout advantage amounted to the equivalent of 6 percentage points, meaning a tie on the generic ballot among registered voters translated into a six-point Republican lead among likely voters. The GOP's edge hadn't been quite that large in past years. But if the "enthusiasm gap" is as large this year as it was in 2010, Democrats will have a difficult time keeping the Senate. If Dems don't show up in November, Republicans will control the Senate. StupidiTags(tm): 2014 Election, Keep Calm And Trust Nate Silver California Sleazin' If you're wondering how and why the GOP has effectively walked completely away from California, the biggest electoral prize in the nation and home to one in seven US voters, it probably has something to do with the candidates they have. One of four gubernatorial candidates introduced to California Republicans recently is a registered sex offender who spent more than a decade in state prison, convicted of crimes including voluntary manslaughter and assault with intent to commit rape. Glenn Champ, 48, addressed hundreds of GOP delegates and supporters Sunday at the site of the state party's semi-annual convention. Introduced by party chairman Jim Brulte and allotted 10 minutes, Champ spoke in between the main GOP candidates, former U.S. Treasury official Neel Kashkari and state Assemblyman Tim Donnelly of San Bernardino County. Champ, a little-known political neophyte from the Fresno County community of Tollhouse, did not directly mention his criminal past during his speech but said, "In my life, I've been held accountable because of my stupidity. I do not want anyone else to be enslaved because of their lack of knowledge." But he's a serious candidate. Champ's rap sheet is lengthy. Court records show that in 1992, he pleaded guilty to carrying a concealed firearm. In 1993, he was convicted of two counts of assault with intent to commit rape and as a result was placed on the state's sex-offender registry. In March 1998, he accepted a plea deal on a charge of loitering to solicit a prostitute; later that year, he pleaded no contest to a voluntary manslaughter charge after hitting a man with his vehicle, for which he was sentenced to 12 years in state prison, according to court records. This guy is a violent criminal. I understand he's served his time, but check out his version of remorse: Champ said his life experience could help him deal with politicians in Sacramento. He calls them criminals, saying, for example, that they routinely infringe upon constitutionally protected gun rights. "I know what the criminal mind thinks, and I know how it works and I know how to stop it, and that's something [other politicians] don't get," Champ said. The convicted violent sex offender and rapist is the real victim here, because anyone who wants reasonable gun safety laws is the real criminal. Please, Republicans, why would you not want to nominate this awesome human being for governor of California? He stands for everything the Republican Party stands for, after all. StupidiTags(tm): 2014 Election, Criminal Stupidity, GOP Stupidity, War On Women, Wingnut Stupidity Our Liberal Media Strikes Again Cry not for professional news martyr Sharyl Attkisson (who quit CBS news because she wasn't allowed to scream BENGHAZI loudly enough.) She's doing fine as the new conservative talk show darling, railing against the liberal bias that pervades our news media (although strangely not the large block of coordinated conservative media sources in America.) She was railing again today in Philly about the debunked and retracted story that the White House gives interviewers questions to ask in interviews with the President. Another conservative media personality isn't quite ready to let go of the Arizona news anchor's retracted claim that White House reporters give press secretary Jay Carney their questions in advance. Philadelphia talk radio host Chris Stigall spoke Friday with former CBS News reporter Sharyl Attkisson, a favorite journalist of conservatives who resigned from the network earlier this month, reportedly because she thought it had a liberal bias. Naturally, Stigall asked for Attkisson's thoughts about Catherine Anaya, the Phoenix television anchor who made the claim about the White House reporters earlier this week on-air during a visit to Washington before quickly retracting it and apologizing. On his show on Friday, the day after the retraction, Stigall provided credulous coverage of the story reminiscent of other conservative sources. He perfunctorily noted that the anchor "retracted" the story, right before he read the original claim and asked Attkisson for her take on Anaya's "off-handed observation." "So, is this woman just misunderstanding what she saw or is it true?" he asked. Attkisson made clear that she hadn't actually heard Anaya's comments and said that she never saw questions provided in advance during her occasional stints at White House press briefings. But she said she "wouldn't be surprised if sometimes there is that sort of level of cooperation with some questions that want to be asked." "I didn't actually see that going on, but that's because LIBERAL BIAS ARGLE BARGLE." Frankly, FOX just needs to hire her so she can go on her daily hate rant against the President. She'll be very happy. StupidiTags(tm): Obama Derangement Syndrome, Village Stupidity, Wingnut Stupidity StupidiNews, Weekend Edition! Mt. Gox CEO Mark Kapales says some 200,000 Bitcoins have been recovered in a digital wallet previously thought to be lost. Creationists upset with Fox's "Cosmos" are demanding the network give equal time to present their views. A federal judge gave final approval to a $218 million settlement for a class action suit against JPMorgan Chase relating to losses from convicted

2015). We note that there is a difference between the outcomes of the CAR as such and the outcomes of CAR related programs. Wherever possible, we aim to tease out those differences but with the caveat that the CAR and CAR related programs are deeply entangled as the latter are a necessity for smallholder farmers to register - that is, farmers most often lack the knowledge and the means to register by themselves and the programs provide services which offset registration costs and teach farmers how to ensure that their property is in compliance with the Forest Code. Measuring actual, causal impacts of the CAR and CAR related programs is not yet possible because national implementation of CAR began only after the revision of the Forest Code in 2012 and is still underway, and because livelihood impacts may take a while to unfold and be detectable. Rather, we develop theories of change that may underpin potential livelihood impacts of the CAR and CAR related programs. Establishing theories of change is an essential, yet undervalued, first step to any program evaluation and as such we see this work as valuable for future assessments of the CAR and CAR related programs. We first outline the multiple pathways through which the CAR and CAR related programs may affect livelihoods of rural households by modifying Ellis' framework for micro policy analysis of rural livelihoods2 (Ellis, 2000) and adopting a Sustainable Livelihood Approach (SLA) (DFID, 1999). Second, we apply the framework to two biomes in Brazil to assess plausible livelihood impacts using information collected through semi-structured interviews with farmers and other stakeholders involved in the CAR and CAR related programs. Finally, we argue that future environmental interventions and policies need to more substantially consider potential livelihood impacts. We use the Amazon and Cerrado biomes as case areas because these biomes provide a high value ofecosystem services and have higher poverty rates than the rest of Brazil - thus, the change processes are important from both an environmental and a livelihood perspective. The Amazon biome includes some of the states with the highest CAR participation. For example, in Para, the first state to initiate CAR registration in 2007 before it became mandatory, 99% of the area that is subject to CAR registration was registered as of October 2016 (Brazilian Forest Service, 2016). The Cerrado biome has much less legal protection than the Amazon; it is one of Brazil's agricultural hotspots, with only 7% of the area preserved as protected areas and the potential for 40 ± 3 Mha to be legally converted for agricultural production (Soares-Filho et al., 2014). This makes the consideration of livelihood impacts of the CAR particularly critical because it is likely to directly impact how farmers manage their natural vegetation. Through these cases, we provide an analysis of how the CAR and CAR related programs have affected and may affect livelihoods. In the following sections, we summarize the revision of the Forest Code in 2012, introduce our conceptual framework, describe our methods and 2 A rich literature posits a dynamic relation between different types of assets and livelihood opportunities (Bebbington, 1999; Ellis, 2000; Scoones, 1998). While these approaches share many similarities in relation to the capitals required for a means of living, Ellis (2000) places particular emphasis on the mediating character of institutions and social relations both in regard to livelihood strategies adoption and access to capital assets. data collection strategy, and then use the framework and data to illustrate theories of change in terms of livelihood impacts of the CAR and CAR related programs. Finally, we use the presented findings to refine existing theorizations of the linkages between the CAR and livelihood outcomes. 2. Material and Methods Farmers, many agricultural corporations, and their representative political parties have criticized the Forest Code (originally enacted in 1934 and first revised in 1965) for limiting economic growth through expansion of agricultural production because of the law's high level of restrictions. Efforts by agribusinesses to weaken the regulations of the Forest Code, along with a fall in deforestation rates since 2004, led to a revision of the Forest Code (law 12615/2012) in 2012 (Soares-Filho et al., 2014). The revised Forest Code has weakened some regulations while strengthened and added others and it remains to be seen just how transparent the CAR is for evaluating compliance with the Forest Code through linking landowners to land use on a particular property (Gibbs et al., 2015). However, enforcement of the Forest Code has been hindered by insecure land tenure, large remote areas, and lack of monitoring and enforcement capacity. Overall, the CAR is foremost a governance instrument that aims to achieve improved environmental outcomes. There are two main regulations in the Forest Code that apply to farmers and that are specifically related to the CAR and CAR related programs. First, farmers and ranchers must preserve Areas of Permanent Preservation (APP) that include environmentally sensitive lands. APPs are set aside because of their value for protection of freshwater and conservation of areas for freshwater recharge (Sparovek et al., 2010). APPs include areas adjacent to rivers, natural or artificial reservoirs, river sources or headwater, lakes, land above 1800 m2, mangroves, dune vegetation and forests, the border of plateaus and mesas, wetlands, hilltops, and hillsides with a slope steeper than 45°. Second, farmers and ranchers must maintain a certain percentage of their land as protected forest preserves, called Legal Reserves (LR). The percentage of LR varies depending on the type of vegetation and geographic location of the property. The LR percentage is lowest (20%) for lands in the Atlantic Forest, the Cerrado outside of the Amazon region, and the Caatinga (tropical dry forest in the northeastern region of Brazil), while it is higher in the Amazonian Grasslands (35%) and the highest (80%) in the Amazon. Finally, the 2012 Forest Code includes a number of specific changes in regulations related to the CAR as follows: - Land owners are required to participate in the rural environmental registration (CAR) system, which was voluntary before 2012. - Illegal deforestation carried out before July 22, 2008 might be pardoned if the land owner registers in the environmental registry system (CAR) and in the state's Program for Environmental Regularization (Programa de Regulariza^ao Ambiental - PRA).3 Land owners that have cleared areas for construction, plantations, pastures, and fallow land to increase soil fertility in violation of the Forest Code before July 22, 2008 do not have to reforest as long as they meet the new standards for protection. - Land owners are allowed to count all APPs, such as forests along rivers and hillsides, as part of their LR under certain conditions. Before the amendment APP restrictions were in addition to the LR requirement. - LR in forest regions of the Amazon can be reduced to 50% in states 3 Each state is supposed to have PRA that includes technical details on recovery of APPs and LRs as well as criteria for compensating LRs from properties that have more LRs than those required by the Forest Code (Environmental Reserve Quota - Cotas de Reserva Ambiental (CRA)) (Duchrow and Alencar, 2015). with more than 65% of its area occupied by protected areas or indigenous territories, and that have ZEE (Economic Ecological Zoning). In this case, the state can decide the size of the LR. - The amount of required forest along rivers must range between 5 and 100 m - a decrease from the previous range between 30 and 500 m. All rural properties across Brazil were required to register in the CAR by May 2016, but the Brazilian Ministry of Environment recently extended the deadline by one more year. As of October 2016, 99% of the possible registration area was registered, equaling an area of 393 million ha (Brazilian Forest Service, 2016). The extensive process of geo-referencing

Does film smoking promote youth smoking in middle-income countries? A longitudinal study among Mexican adolescents James F. Thrasher, James D. Sargent, Liling Huang, Edna Arillo-Santillán, Ana Dorantes-Alonso, Rosaura Pérez-Hernández Objective: To determine whether exposure to smoking imagery in films predicts smoking onset among neversmoking Mexican adolescents. Methods: The analytic sample was comprised of 11- to 14-year-old secondary school students who reported never having tried smoking at baseline, 83% (1,741/ 2,093) of whom were successfully followed-up after 1 year. Exposure to 42 popular films that contained smoking was assessed at baseline, whereas smoking behavior and risk factors were assessed at baseline and at follow-up. Logistic regression was used to estimate bivariate and adjusted relative risks (ARR) of trying smoking and current smoking at follow-up. Results: At follow-up, 36% reported having tried smoking and 8% reported having smoked in the previous month. Students who were successfully followed-up were exposed to an average of 43.8 minutes of smoking in the films they reported viewing at baseline. ARRs indicated that students in the two highest levels of exposure to film smoking were more than twice as likely to have smoked in the previous 30 days at follow-up [ARR3v1 = 2.44; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.31-4.55; ARR4v1 = 2.23; 95% CI, 1.19-4.17]. The ARR of having tried smoking by the time of follow-up reached statistical significance only when comparing the third highest to the lowest exposure group (ARR3v1 = 1.54; 95% CI, 1.01-2.64). Having a parent or best friend who smoked at baseline were the only other variables that independently predicted both outcomes. Conclusions: Exposure to movie smoking is a risk factor for smoking onset among Mexican youth, although this risk appears weaker than in countries with stronger tobacco marketing regulations. Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-09-0883 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-09-0883 Dive into the research topics of 'Does film smoking promote youth smoking in middle-income countries? A longitudinal study among Mexican adolescents'. Together they form a unique fingerprint. Motion Pictures Medicine & Life Sciences 100% Longitudinal Studies Medicine & Life Sciences 76% Income Medicine & Life Sciences 75% Smoking Medicine & Life Sciences 66% Marketing Medicine & Life Sciences 7% Formal Social Control Medicine & Life Sciences 7% Thrasher, J. F., Sargent, J. D., Huang, L., Arillo-Santillán, E., Dorantes-Alonso, A., & Pérez-Hernández, R. (2009). Does film smoking promote youth smoking in middle-income countries? A longitudinal study among Mexican adolescents. Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention, 18(12), 3444-3450. https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-09-0883 Does film smoking promote youth smoking in middle-income countries? A longitudinal study among Mexican adolescents. / Thrasher, James F.; Sargent, James D.; Huang, Liling et al. In: Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention, Vol. 18, No. 12, 01.12.2009, p. 3444-3450. Thrasher, JF, Sargent, JD, Huang, L, Arillo-Santillán, E, Dorantes-Alonso, A & Pérez-Hernández, R 2009, 'Does film smoking promote youth smoking in middle-income countries? A longitudinal study among Mexican adolescents', Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention, vol. 18, no. 12, pp. 3444-3450. https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-09-0883 Thrasher JF, Sargent JD, Huang L, Arillo-Santillán E, Dorantes-Alonso A, Pérez-Hernández R. Does film smoking promote youth smoking in middle-income countries? A longitudinal study among Mexican adolescents. Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention. 2009 Dec 1;18(12):3444-3450. doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-09-0883 Thrasher, James F. ; Sargent, James D. ; Huang, Liling et al. / Does film smoking promote youth smoking in middle-income countries? A longitudinal study among Mexican adolescents. In: Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention. 2009 ; Vol. 18, No. 12. pp. 3444-3450. @article{3302836608734207a39b43916a7d5639, title = "Does film smoking promote youth smoking in middle-income countries? A longitudinal study among Mexican adolescents", abstract = "Objective: To determine whether exposure to smoking imagery in films predicts smoking onset among neversmoking Mexican adolescents. Methods: The analytic sample was comprised of 11- to 14-year-old secondary school students who reported never having tried smoking at baseline, 83% (1,741/ 2,093) of whom were successfully followed-up after 1 year. Exposure to 42 popular films that contained smoking was assessed at baseline, whereas smoking behavior and risk factors were assessed at baseline and at follow-up. Logistic regression was used to estimate bivariate and adjusted relative risks (ARR) of trying smoking and current smoking at follow-up. Results: At follow-up, 36% reported having tried smoking and 8% reported having smoked in the previous month. Students who were successfully followed-up were exposed to an average of 43.8 minutes of smoking in the films they reported viewing at baseline. ARRs indicated that students in the two highest levels of exposure to film smoking were more than twice as likely to have smoked in the previous 30 days at follow-up [ARR3v1 = 2.44; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.31-4.55; ARR4v1 = 2.23; 95% CI, 1.19-4.17]. The ARR of having tried smoking by the time of follow-up reached statistical significance only when comparing the third highest to the lowest exposure group (ARR3v1 = 1.54; 95% CI, 1.01-2.64). Having a parent or best friend who smoked at baseline were the only other variables that independently predicted both outcomes. Conclusions: Exposure to movie smoking is a risk factor for smoking onset among Mexican youth, although this risk appears weaker than in countries with stronger tobacco marketing regulations.", author = "Thrasher, {James F.} and Sargent, {James D.} and Liling Huang and Edna Arillo-Santill{\'a}n and Ana Dorantes-Alonso and Rosaura P{\'e}rez-Hern{\'a}ndez", doi = "10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-09-0883", journal = "Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention", publisher = "American Association for Cancer Research Inc.", T1 - Does film smoking promote youth smoking in middle-income countries? A longitudinal study among Mexican adolescents AU - Thrasher, James F. AU - Sargent, James D. AU - Huang, Liling AU - Arillo-Santillán, Edna AU - Dorantes-Alonso, Ana AU - Pérez-Hernández, Rosaura N2 - Objective: To determine whether exposure to smoking imagery in films predicts smoking onset among neversmoking Mexican adolescents. Methods: The analytic sample was comprised of 11- to 14-year-old secondary school students who reported never having tried smoking at baseline, 83% (1,741/ 2,093) of whom were successfully followed-up after 1 year. Exposure to 42 popular films that contained smoking was assessed at baseline, whereas smoking behavior and risk factors were assessed at baseline and at follow-up. Logistic regression was used to estimate bivariate and adjusted relative risks (ARR) of trying smoking and current smoking at follow-up. Results: At follow-up, 36% reported having tried smoking and 8% reported having smoked in the previous month. Students who were successfully followed-up were exposed to an average of 43.8 minutes of smoking in the films they reported viewing at baseline. ARRs indicated that students in the two highest levels of exposure to film smoking were more than twice as likely to have smoked in the previous 30 days at follow-up [ARR3v1 = 2.44; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.31-4.55; ARR4v1 = 2.23; 95% CI, 1.19-4.17]. The ARR of having tried smoking by the time of follow-up reached statistical significance only when comparing the third highest to the lowest exposure group (ARR3v1 = 1.54; 95% CI, 1.01-2.64). Having a parent or best friend who smoked at baseline were the only other variables that independently predicted both outcomes. Conclusions: Exposure to movie smoking is a risk factor for smoking onset among Mexican youth, although this risk appears weaker than in countries with stronger tobacco marketing regulations. AB - Objective: To determine whether exposure to smoking imagery in films predicts smoking onset among neversmoking Mexican adolescents. Methods: The analytic sample was comprised of 11- to 14-year-old secondary school students who reported never having tried smoking at baseline, 83% (1,741/ 2,093) of whom were successfully followed-up after 1 year. Exposure to 42 popular films that contained smoking was assessed at baseline, whereas smoking behavior and risk factors were assessed at baseline and at follow-up. Logistic regression was used to estimate bivariate and adjusted relative risks (ARR) of trying smoking and current smoking at follow-up. Results: At follow-up, 36% reported having tried smoking and 8% reported having smoked in the previous month. Students who were successfully followed-up were exposed to an average of 43.8 minutes of smoking in the films they reported viewing at baseline. ARRs indicated

agreement with the estimated~\cite{ATLAS:2019nvo} $K^{\rm est.}_{\rm NNLO-QCD}=1.11$, and hence is at odds with table \ref{tab:normttW1j}, which suggests that such $\mathcal{O}(\alpha_s^4\alpha)$ contributions are larger. Accounting now for the EW corrections in equation \ref{eq:kFactEW}~\cite{Frederix:2017wme} and assuming the FxFx uncertainties above, we obtain \begin{align} \sigma_{\ensuremath{t\bar{t}W^\pm}\xspace}^{\rm FxFx1j+EW} \equiv \sigma_{\ensuremath{t\bar{t}W^\pm}\xspace}^{\rm FxFx1j} + \delta\sigma_{\rm EW}^{\rm NLO} = 690{\rm ~fb}~^{+12\%}_{-12\%}~^{+1.6\%}_{-1.6\%}. \label{eq:xsec_fxfx_ew} \end{align} We find that this rate is about {$5\%$} smaller than the prediction used in the ATLAS measurement of Ref. \cite{ATLAS:2019nvo}, and that the difference is mainly due to the scale and PDF choices in the baseline NLO in QCD rate. (A {$1\%$} difference follows from our FxFx correction being smaller than the estimated NNLO $K$-factor.) In principle, this revised cross section worsens slightly the discrepancy reported in equation \ref{eq:sigstrenth_ttW_atlas}. For the pure FxFx and FxFx+EW cases, the corresponding best-fit signal strengths are \begin{align} \hat{\lambda}_{\ensuremath{t\bar{t}W}\xspace}^{\rm FxFx1j} &= 1.54~^{+0.19}_{-0.18} \label{eq:sigstrenth_ttW_fxfx}, \\ \hat{\lambda}_{\ensuremath{t\bar{t}W}\xspace}^{\rm FxFx1j+EW} &= 1.46~^{+0.18}_{-0.17} \label{eq:sigstrenth_ttW_fxfx_ew}, \end{align} and are consistent with SM expectations at {$2.7\sigma-3.0\sigma$}. While NNLL threshold corrections can improve this picture, direct application of Ref. \cite{Kulesza:2018tqz} is hindered by the different scale choices that we assume. That said, taking a comparable correction of $K_{\rm NNLL-QCD}^{est.} = \sigma^{NLO+NNLL-QCD}/\sigma^{NLO-QCD} = 1.03$, the associated SM rate and best-fit signal strength are: \begin{align} \sigma_{\ensuremath{t\bar{t}W^\pm}\xspace}^{\rm FxFx1j+EW+NNLL} &= 708{\rm ~fb}~^{+12\%}_{-12\%}~^{+1.6\%}_{-1.6\%}, \label{eq:xsec_fxfx_ew_nnll} \\ \hat{\lambda}_{\ensuremath{t\bar{t}W}\xspace}^{\rm FxFx1j+EW+NNLL} &= 1.43~^{+0.17}_{-0.16}, \label{eq:sigstrenth_ttW_fxfx_ew_nnll} \end{align} where we again assume the FxFx uncertainties. With these estimated corrections the discrepancy stays at $2.7\sigma$. To explore the uncertainty associated with our baseline $(p_T^{j \min},Q_{\rm cut}^{\rm FxFx})$, we report in the upper panel of table \ref{tab:normXSecFxFx} the inclusive $\ensuremath{t\bar{t}W}\xspace$ cross section at $\sqrt{s}=13{\rm ~TeV}$ at LO, NLO in QCD, and with FxFx1j matching for various inputs. Also shown are the $\mu_f, \mu_r$ scale and PDF uncertainties, and the QCD $K$-factor as defined in equation \ref{eq:kFactQCD}. We denote our benchmark rate by $\dagger$. For the inputs considered we observe that NLO multi-jet matching rates span about $\sigma^{\rm FxFxj1} \sim 600{\rm ~fb}-670{\rm ~fb}$. This is about $0\%-12\%$ larger than the baseline rate at NLO in QCD in equation \ref{eq:xsec_nlo}. Notably, the range of {$\Delta \sigma^{\rm FxFxj1} \sim 70{\rm ~fb}$} is much smaller than the differences in the $\ensuremath{t\bar{t}W}j\xspace$ rate at NLO, which span $\Delta \sigma \sim 250{\rm ~fb}$ (see table \ref{tab:normttW1j}). Na\"ively, this indicates a sizable phase space overlap between the $\ensuremath{t\bar{t}W}\xspace$ and $\ensuremath{t\bar{t}W}j\xspace$ processes at NLO in QCD. However, this appears contrary to figure \ref{fig:ttWAnatomy_pT_jets_ttW}, which shows that the characteristic light jet scale in inclusive $\ensuremath{t\bar{t}W}\xspace$ is well below $p_T^j = 50{\rm ~GeV}$, and otherwise suggests a much milder phase space overlap for $p_T^{j \min}\gtrsim 50{\rm ~GeV}-75{\rm ~GeV}$. As expected~\cite{Frederix:2012ps,Frederix:2015eii}, we find that the range of FxFx1j predictions is driven by the dependence on the merging scale more than the jet $p_T$ threshold. In particular, for the largest $Q_{\rm cut}^{\rm FxFx}$ considered the FxFx1j rate reduces to the NLO rate and can be tied to an ``over suppression'' of the $\ensuremath{t\bar{t}W}j\xspace$ multiplicity~\cite{Hamilton:2012rf}. To quantify an uncertainty associated with $Q_{\rm cut}^{\rm FxFx}$, we consider the envelope spanned by all FxFx predictions. For $Q_{\rm cut}^{\rm FxFx} = 70{\rm ~GeV}-350{\rm ~GeV}$ and $p_T^{j \min}=30{\rm ~GeV}-150{\rm ~GeV}$, we report a variation of $\delta \sigma^{\rm FxFx1j}[Q_{\rm cut}^{\rm FxFx} ]/\sigma^{\rm FxFx1j}_{\rm baseline} = ~^{+2\%}_{-9\%}$. To quantify an uncertainty associated with $p_T^{j \min}$, we fix the merging scale at \begin{equation} Q_{\rm cut}^{\rm FxFx} = 110{\rm ~GeV}, ~150{\rm ~GeV}, ~250{\rm ~GeV}, ~350{\rm ~GeV}, \end{equation} and vary $p_T^{j \min}$. For all cases, we find that FxFx rates change only about $ \Delta \sigma^{\rm FxFxj1}[p_T^{j \min} ] \sim 1{\rm ~fb}-10{\rm ~fb}$, or $0.1\%-1.5\%$. \section{Differential Production}\label{sec:differential} \begin{table}[!t] \begin{center} \resizebox{\columnwidth}{!}{ \begin{tabular}{l r r c l l c} \hline\hline Order & $p_T^{j~\min}$ & $Q_{\rm cut}^{\rm FxFx}$ & $\sigma$ [fb] & $\pm\delta_{\mu_f,\mu_r}$ & $\pm\delta_{\rm PDF}$ & $K_{\rm QCD}$ \\ \hline \multicolumn{6}{c}{\ensuremath{t\bar{t}W^\pm}\xspace (Inclusive)}\\ \hline LO & \dots & \dots & 378 & $^{+24\%}_{-18\%}$ & $^{+2.2\%}_{-2.2\%}$ & 1.00\\ NLO & \dots & \dots & 594 & $^{+11\%}_{-10\%}$ & $^{+2.0\%}_{-2.0\%}$ & 1.57\\ \hline FxFx1j & 30{\rm ~GeV} & 70{\rm ~GeV} & 668 & $^{+12\%}_{-13\%}$ & $^{+1.7\%}_{-1.7\%}$ & 1.12\\ FxFx1j & 30{\rm ~GeV} & 110{\rm ~GeV} & 656 & $^{+12\%}_{-13\%}$ & $^{+1.7\%}_{-1.7\%}$ & 1.11\\ FxFx1j & 30{\rm ~GeV} & 150{\rm ~GeV} & 634 & $^{+12\%}_{-13\%}$ & $^{+1.6\%}_{-1.6\%}$ & 1.07\\ FxFx1j & 30{\rm ~GeV} & 250{\rm ~GeV} & 616 & $^{+12\%}_{-13\%}$ & $^{+1.6\%}_{-1.6\%}$ & 1.04\\ FxFx1j & 30{\rm ~GeV} & 350{\rm ~GeV} & 596 & $^{+12\%}_{-12\%}$ & $^{+1.6\%}_{-1.6\%}$ & 1.00\\ FxFx1j & 40{\rm ~GeV} & 90{\rm ~GeV} & 664 & $^{+12\%}_{-12\%}$ & $^{+1.7\%}_{-1.7\%}$ & 1.12\\ FxFx1j & 40{\rm ~GeV} & 110{\rm ~GeV} & 655 & $^{+12\%}_{-12\%}$ & $^{+1.7\%}_{-1.7\%}$ & 1.10\\ FxFx1j$^\dagger$ & 50{\rm ~GeV} & 110{\rm ~GeV} & 655 & $^{+12\%}_{-12\%}$ & $^{+1.6\%}_{-1.6\%}$ & 1.10\\ FxFx1j & 50{\rm ~GeV} & 150{\rm ~GeV} & 644 & $^{+12\%}_{-13\%}$ & $^{+1.6\%}_{-1.6\%}$ & 1.08\\ FxFx1j & 50{\rm ~GeV} & 250{\rm ~GeV} & 622 & $^{+13\%}_{-13\%}$ & $^{+1.7\%}_{-1.7\%}$ & 1.05\\ FxFx1j & 50{\rm ~GeV} & 350{\rm ~GeV} & 602 & $^{+12\%}_{-13\%}$ & $^{+1.7\%}_{-1.7\%}$ & 1.01\\ FxFx1j & 100{\rm ~GeV} & 250{\rm ~GeV} & 615 & $^{+12\%}_{-12\%}$ & $^{+1.7\%}_{-1.7\%}$ & 1.03\\ FxFx1j & 100{\rm ~GeV} & 350{\rm ~GeV} & 597 & $^{+12\%}_{-12\%}$ & $^{+1.8\%}_{-1.8\%}$ & 1.00\\ FxFx1j & 150{\rm ~GeV} & 350{\rm ~GeV} & 597 & $^{+12\%}_{-12\%}$ & $^{+1.8\%}_{-1.8\%}$ & 1.00\\ \hline \multicolumn{6}{c}{\ensuremath{t\bar{t}Z}\xspace (Inclusive)}\\ \hline LO & \dots & \dots & 502 & $^{+30\%}_{-22\%}$ & $^{+1.2\%}_{-1.2\%}$ & 1.00\\ NLO & \dots & \dots & 744 & $^{+9.5\%}_{-11\%}$ & $^{+1.1\%}_{-1.1\%}$ & 1.48\\ \hline FxFx1j & 40{\rm ~GeV} & 90{\rm ~GeV} & 822 & $^{+6.2\%}_{-12\%}$ & $^{+1.1\%}_{-1.1\%}$ & 1.10 \\ FxFx1j$^\dagger$ & 50{\rm ~GeV} & 110{\rm ~GeV} & 836 & $^{+8\%}_{-12\%}$ & $^{+1.1\%}_{-1.1\%}$ & 1.12 \\ FxFx1j & 100{\rm ~GeV} & 250{\rm ~GeV} & 820 & $^{+12\%}_{-13\%}$ & $^{+1.2\%}_{-1.2\%}$ & 1.10 \\ FxFx1j & 150{\rm ~GeV} & 350{\rm ~GeV} & 797 & $^{+11\%}_{-12\%}$ & $^{+1.2\%}_{-1.2\%}$ & 1.07 \\ \hline\hline \end{tabular} } \caption{ Upper: At various perturbative orders and $(p_T^{j \min},Q_{\rm cut}^{\rm FxFx})$ assignments with $\vert\eta^j\vert<4.0$, the inclusive $\ensuremath{t\bar{t}W}\xspace$ cross section [fb] at $\sqrt{s}=13{\rm ~TeV}$, along with residual scale and PDF uncertainties [\%]. Lower: Same for inclusive \ensuremath{t\bar{t}Z}\xspace. Benchmark FxFx rates denoted by $^\dagger$. } \label{tab:normXSecFxFx} \end{center} \end{table} \begin{figure*}[!t] \begin{center} \subfigure[]{\includegraphics[width=.9\columnwidth]{ttWAnatomy_NrBJets_Inc_Scale_PDF.pdf} \label{fig:ttWAnatomy_NrBJets_Inc}} \subfigure[]{\includegraphics[width=.9\columnwidth]{ttWAnatomy_pT_ssll_Inc_Scale_PDF.pdf} \label{fig:ttWAnatomy_pT_ssll_Inc}} \\ \subfigure[]{\includegraphics[width=.9\columnwidth]{ttWAnatomy_mX_ssll_2lX_Scale_PDF.pdf} \label{fig:ttWAnatomy_mX_ssll_2lX}} \subfigure[]{\includegraphics[width=.9\columnwidth]{ttWAnatomy_mX_ssll_3lX_Scale_PDF.pdf} \label{fig:ttWAnatomy_mX_ssll_3lX}} \caption{ Upper: Differential cross sections with scale and PDF uncertainty envelopes at $\sqrt{s}=13{\rm ~TeV}$ of the $pp\to\ensuremath{t\bar{t}W}\xspace\to \ell^\pm_i \ell^\pm_j +X $ process at NLO in QCD with PS-matching (dark) and with FxFx matching (light), with respect to the (a) $b$-jet multiplicity and (b) $p_T$ of the same-sign dilepton system in the inclusive selection category, as well as the invariant mass of the dilepton system in the (c) \texttt{2lSS}\xspace and (d) \texttt{3l}\xspace categories. Lower: Ratio of FxFx and NLO+PS rates. } \label{fig:ttWAnatomy_dxsec} \end{center} \end{figure*} Assuming that the enlarged $\ensuremath{t\bar{t}W}\xspace$ cross section measurements are solely due to missing QCD corrections, then NLO multi-jet matching cannot be the full picture. At the same time, differences in initial/finite-state radiation, associated production of heavy flavors, and relative enhancements by virtual radiation all impact particle kinematics. Hence, complementary to the total rate itself, kinematic distributions provide a means to test and understand the modeling of inclusive $\ensuremath{t\bar{t}W}\xspace$ production. A comprehensive investigation into the impact of NLO multi-jet merging on particle kinematics is beyond our present scope and left to future work. That said, to at least build a qualitative picture, we take as a benchmark the ATLAS analysis~\cite{ATLAS:2019nvo} associated with the signal strength in equation \ref{eq:sigstrenth_ttW_atlas} and consider the $\ensuremath{t\bar{t}W}\xspace$ decay mode, \begin{equation} pp \to \ensuremath{t\bar{t}W^\pm}\xspace \to 3W ~b\overline{b} \to \ell^\pm_i \ell_j^\pm + X, \quad \ell\in\{e,\mu\}. \label{eq:differential_proc} \end{equation} Here the two same-sign $W$ bosons decay leptonically and the odd-sign $W$ decays inclusively. Following closely the selection criteria of {table 3} in Ref.~\cite{ATLAS:2019nvo}, then after selection cuts and vetoes, three signal categories are defined: \begin{itemize} \item The ``inclusive selection category'' is identified as two same-sign, high-$p_T$ charged leptons $\ell$, two reconstructed light jets, and at least one $b$-tagged jet. \item The ``two same-sign leptons'' (\texttt{2lSS}\xspace) category assumes category (i) but vetos events with three or more $\ell$. \item The ``three leptons'' (\texttt{3l}\xspace) category again assumes (i) but requires exactly three $\ell$ with a net charge of $\pm1$. \end{itemize} In figure \ref{fig:ttWAnatomy_dxsec}, we plot the differential cross sections at $\sqrt{s}=13{\rm ~TeV}$ for representative observables and signal categories at NLO in QCD with PS-matching (black) and FxFx-matching (blue). In the insets we plot the ratio of the FxFx and NLO+PS rates. Uncertainty bands are built from the envelope encapsulating the 27-point $\mu_f, \mu_f, \mu_s$ variation and $1\sigma$ PDF uncertainty. Starting with figure \ref{fig:ttWAnatomy_NrBJets_Inc}, we show the $b$-jet multiplicity $(N_{b-jets})$ in the inclusive selection category. As anticipated from its larger cross section, we find that the normalization of the FxFx distribution is systematically larger than the NLO+PS one by at least {$10\%$}. More specifically, the bin-by-bin normalization grows to about {$13\%$ for $N_{b-jets}=2$ and $30\%$ for $N_{b-jets}=3$,} and stems from the opening of $g^*\to b\overline{b}$ splitting in $q \overline{q} \to $\ensuremath{t\bar{t}W}\xspace$ g^*$ production. While

Do you struggle, I mean really struggle, to adjust to getting back into your body in the mornings? Even when there's absolutely nothing to worry about, there's no stress, no unhealthy lifestyle habits to explain it, nothing that could be making your cortisol peak when you wake, do you somehow know that you are treading a very fine line as you re-enter your conscious state each day? Have you had to entrain your family to tread very softly around you first thing in the morning because loud noises or sudden announcements get your heart racing, switch on pain? Even when you are perfectly chilled in your mind, ecstatic with life even, is this your "normal" experience of waking; like it's a precision manoeuver? For me, its been an ongong thing for years…probably all of life; more so this last decade. So much so that I'm convinced that its "a thing" and that some of us have it as our normal state; its who and how we are…its just that life doesn't always fit (though maybe that's more of a "problem" with life than with us). I've considered, of course, whether it is a learned thing; a body entrainment going back to different times of more stress? For a long time, it felt like the learned behaviour of childhood, when I often used to dread those school mornings, especially at this time of the year. Then there were those pretty stressful early years of my twenties when I would already be stood on a crowded station platform holding a coffee and a "fag" before I was really awake; a couple more years of that (without the "fag") when my daughter was small. Those days of commuting and high-stress didn't help the Pavlov's dog aspect of my early morning experience…but then that was many (many) years ago. For most of my adult life, I've worked for myself or operated the kind of flexi-time that enabled me to go into the office midmorning so I can't really say it feels like this is the defining experience of my life. Of course, my husband still gets up to go to an office but I've learned to detatch from that; we each make our own lifechoices and I know I can't live empathically on behalf of another to the degree that it starts to affect my health. This is so important to know if you are prone to empathing to such a degree that you live vicariously through another, setting your recovery back; if you gave up work for your health, you need to allow yourself to benefit from that lifestyle change! No, really, there's no reason for early morning adrenalin to flood me and, mostly, it doesn't; yet I know that, unless I tread carefully in the way that I start my day, it possibly will and I have to live like that, as a priority, as part of my survival mechanism. I'm more than likely to be awake from even as early as 5am…and I'm happy on my yoga mat, meditating, bathing or writing…but driving, debating, problem solving – nah! One of the very worst times for me is the September transition from the relaxed routine of summer to the start of a new school year. I'm always keen to negotiate not to be the one that does those first school runs because they hit me very hard; having to be up, fed and functionally ready to face the early morning traffic when I would normally be on my yoga mat can send my body spiralling into chaos for days or even weeks. Is it a memory from childhood jogged up to the surface or just a case of empathing my daughter's high-excitement and nerves? Is it the fact of being "out there" in the fray, stuck in all that traffic during the road-rage, gridlock time of day or just the simple fact that my consciousness has had to land in my body all too quickly…and then remember how to operate all the knobs and levers of my limbs? This latter part feels most like it; the truism of my situation. I need time to readjust to operating a human body after my night's travels; I can't just drop straight back into the driver's seat, switch the engine on and go. This is where yoga, meditation and a gentle time of readjustment and "no thought" come into it, for me; then the gentle rituals of self care and calm breakfast…no imperatives, timetables of demands. I have to refind all my body parts, to work through them almost as though for the very first time. It's a vata thing! Recent blood tests for adrenal fatigue flagged this very thing up in black and white; while my cortisol levels are healthily within range for most of the day and evening, they go off the charts on waking. In Ayurveda, different parts of the day are associated with each of the three doshas so I'm left wondering, is this a thing that happens to vata-types during that first vata time (3 – 6am) of the day, making a "one plus one" situation that sometimes aggravates vata-dominance, making us feel particularly ungrounded? I use that other vata time of day (3 – 6pm) for my most creative things…painting, walking, cooking…but its as though the first shift takes such a lot out of me; I can't just springboard from that airy and ungrounded vata place straight back into human life. What this has taught me is that, although its helped enormously to give up the kind of work (and stress) that make demands on my early mornings, it hasn't eliminated the issue and this is something for vata-types to be aware of and continue working on, probably every day for the entirety of life. It's why we tend to gravitate towards the quieter, more meditative lifestyle as we mature since it's the lifestyle that serves us best…and which allows us to get the most out of our vast stock of inspiration. I can well imagine that many vatas may be writers who like to get up when the house is still quiet and spend those first few hours getting down their thoughts. Writing itself, in fact, is a very grounded (kapha) kind of pursuit so partnering inspiration (vata) with writing (kapha) is an incredibly good way to make that transition from the vata to the kapha part of the day, which begins at 6am and continues until 10am. This, come to think of it, is pretty much my perfect way to spend the morning. I notice another issue these days…its that when the grumble of traffic starts to pour past my house from about 6.30am, I feel unnaturally cortisol-high but when the roads are quiet at the weekend, I don't. Is it just that old sensory trigger reminding me that, even though I don't commute to work (any more), all those other people still do, or is it more than that; something akin to super-empathy turning their experience into my experience? I honestly suspect I tune into the vibe of all those single-mindedly rushing people, their heads full of stress and urgency. I can hear the same traffic noise build up at other times of the day…or on Saturday mornings when there's something un work-related going on down the road…and it leaves me feeling neutral; but work days have a particular feeling and my body dials into that, even though it has nothing to do with me. That early morning traffic flow has a certain "note" to it; it feels brittle, harsh, wild-eyed, aggressive, what I call "adverse pitta" and it feels like its too way much for an early-morning vata type like me.

nodded. He kissed her as one does a very holy relic. It was a moment to look back upon always. There was no period in Rudolph Musgrave's life when he could not look back upon this instant and exult because it had been his. * * * * * Only, Patricia found out afterward, with an inexplicable disappointment, that her husband had not been talking extempore, but was freely quoting his "Compiler's Foreword" just as it figured in the printed book. One judges this posturing, so inevitable of detection, to have been as significant of much in Rudolph Musgrave as was the fact of its belated discovery characteristic of Patricia. Yet she had read this book about her family from purely normal motives: first, to make certain how old her various cousins were; secondly, to gloat over any traces of distinction such as her ancestry afforded; thirdly, to note with what exaggerated importance the text seemed to accredit those relatives she did not esteem, and mentally to annotate each page with unprintable events "which _everybody_ knew about"; and fourthly, to reflect, as with a gush of steadily augmenting love, how dear and how unpractical it was of Olaf to have concocted these date-bristling pages--so staunch and blind in his misguided gratitude toward those otherwise uninteresting people who had rendered possible the existence of a Patricia. V Matters went badly with Patricia in the ensuing months. Her mother's blood told here, as Colonel Musgrave saw with disquietude. He knew the women of his race had by ordinary been unfit for childbearing; indeed, the daughters of this famous house had long, in a grim routine, perished, just as Patricia's mother had done, in their first maternal essay. There were many hideous histories the colonel could have told you of, unmeet to be set down, and he was familiar with this talk of pelvic anomalies which were congenital. But he had never thought of Patricia, till this, as being his kinswoman, and in part a Musgrave. And even now the Stapylton blood that was in her pulled Patricia through long weeks of anguish. Surgeons dealt with her very horribly in a famed Northern hospital, whither she had been removed. By her obdurate request--and secretly, to his own preference, since it was never in his power to meet discomfort willingly--Colonel Musgrave had remained in Lichfield. Patricia knew that officious people would tell him her life could be saved only by the destruction of an unborn boy. She never questioned her child would be a boy. She knew that Olaf wanted a boy. "Oh, even more than he does me, daddy. And so he mustn't know, you see, until it is all over. Because Olaf is such an ill-informed person that he really believes he prefers me." "Pat," her father inconsequently said, "I'm proud of you! And--and, by God, if I _want_ to cry, I guess I am old enough to know my own mind! And I'll help you in this if you'll only promise not to die in spite of what these damn' doctors say, because you're _mine_, Pat, and so you realize a bargain is a bargain." "Yes--I am really yours, daddy. It is just my crazy body that is a Musgrave," Patricia explained. "The real me is an unfortunate Stapylton who has somehow got locked up in the wrong house. It is not a desirable residence, you know, daddy. No modern improvements, for instance. But I have to live in it!... Still, I have not the least intention of dying, and I solemnly promise that I won't." So these two hoodwinked Rudolph Musgrave, and brought it about by subterfuge that his child was born. At most he vaguely understood that Patricia was having rather a hard time of it, and steadfastly drugged this knowledge by the performance of trivialities. He was eating a cucumber sandwich at the moment young Roger Musgrave came into the world, and by that action very nearly accomplished Patricia's death. VI And the gods cursed Roger Stapylton with such a pride in, and so great a love for, his only grandson that the old man could hardly bear to be out of the infant's presence. He was frequently in Lichfield nowadays; and he renewed his demands that Rudolph Musgrave give up the exhaustively-particularized librarianship, so that "the little coot" would be removed to New York and all three of them be with Roger Stapylton always. Patricia had not been well since little Roger's birth. It was a peaked and shrewish Patricia, rather than Rudolph Musgrave, who fought out the long and obstinate battle with Roger Stapylton. She was jealous at the bottom of her heart. She would not have anyone, not even her father, be too fond of what was preeminently hers; the world at large, including Rudolph Musgrave, was at liberty to adore her boy, as was perfectly natural, but not to meddle: and in fine, Patricia was both hysterical and vixenish whenever a giving up of the Library work was suggested. The old man did not quarrel with her. And with Roger Stapylton's loneliness in these days, and the long thoughts it bred, we have nothing here to do. But when he died, stricken without warning, some five years after Patricia's marriage, his will was discovered to bequeath practically his entire fortune to little Roger Musgrave when the child should come of age; and to Rudolph Musgrave, as Patricia's husband, what was a reasonable income when judged by Lichfield's unexacting standards rather than by Patricia's anticipations. In a word, Patricia found that she and the colonel could for the future count upon a little more than half of the income she had previously been allowed by Roger Stapylton. "It isn't fair!" she said. "It's monstrous! And all because you were so obstinate about your picayune Library!" "Patricia--" he began. "Oh, I tell you it's absurd, Olaf! The money logically ought to have been left to me. And here I will have to come to you for every penny of _my_ money. And Heaven knows I have had to scrimp enough to support us all on what I used to have--Olaf," Patricia said, in another voice, "Olaf! why, what is it, dear?" "I was reflecting," said Colonel Musgrave, "that, as you justly observe, both Agatha and I have been practically indebted to you for our support these past five years--" VII It must be enregistered, not to the man's credit, but rather as a simple fact, that it was never within Colonel Musgrave's power to forget the incident immediately recorded. He forgave; when Patricia wept, seeing how leaden- his handsome face had turned, he forgave as promptly and as freely as he was learning to pardon the telling of a serviceable lie, or the perpetration of an occasional barbarism in speech, by Patricia. For he, a Musgrave of Matocton, had married a Stapylton; he had begun to comprehend that their standards were different, and that some daily conflict between these standards was inevitable. And besides, as it has been veraciously observed, the truth of an insult is the barb which prevents its retraction. Patricia spoke the truth: Rudolph Musgrave and all those rationally reliant upon Rudolph Musgrave for support, had lived for some five years upon the money which they owed to Patricia. He saw about him other scions of old families who accepted such circumstances blithely: but, he said, he was a Musgrave of Matocton; and, he reflected, in the kingdom of the blind the one-eyed is necessarily very unhappy. He did not mean to touch a penny of such moneys as Roger Stapylton had bequeathed to him; for the colonel considered--now--it was a man's duty personally to support his wife and child and sister. And he vigorously attempted to discharge this obligation, alike by virtue of his salary at the Library, and by spasmodic raids upon his tiny capital, and--chief of all--by speculation in the Stock Market. Oddly enough, his ventures were through a long while--for the most part--successful. Here he builded a desperate edifice whose foundations were his social talents; and it was with quaint self-abhorrence he often noted how the telling of a smutty jest or the insistence upon a manifestly superfluous glass of wine had purchased from some properly tickled magnate a much desiderated "tip." And presently these tips misled him. So the colonel borrowed from "Patricia's account." And on this occasion he guessed correctly. And then he stumbled upon such a chance for reinvestment

the monsters want. (Hint: Not to wait in a room until heroes come to murder them.) A small situation might resemble a combat encounter complete with monsters to (probably) fight, but the situation mindset opens DMs for other courses of action. Maybe the characters talk, or sneak, or dislike the gnome. Unlike combat, exploration, or interaction scenes, situations bring enough flexibility to play in different ways. Tomb of Annihilation includes more modern takes on the dungeon as situation. Within the campaign, The Fain of the Night Serpent features factions, intrigue, and a McGuffin to recover. The Tomb of Nine Gods resembles the Tomb of Horrors, but with the time limit and an objective bigger than runaway inflation. Situations can go beyond locations. For instance, a masquerade could be a situation where players need to uncover a spy. The characters might find their target through deception, magic, or by picking a suspect's pockets to gain stolen plans. The Prince of Murder's network of covert assassins could form another situation. Instead of predicting which encounters the characters will face as they unravel the network, the DM invents a organization that reacts to the players' actions. So a situation that might feature combat may include a location primed for a dynamic battle. A situation that might include role playing may include memorable NPCs, but should at least include NPCs that want something. I think of developing situations as piling kindling. Add enough incendiary ingredients so that if a spark flares, the scenes catch fire. These details rarely require more work. Most dungeon masters will feel comfortable improvising some of the pieces. Plus, the situation mindset often frees DMs from worrying about contingencies. DMs who build situations spend less time preparing responses for every potential action because consequences stem naturally from the situation. I like Tom's strategy because, in the heat of a game session, I struggle to improvise reactions to sweeping victories and epic fails. Such grand outcomes often threaten to upend the game. An easy win can't cut a 4-hour convention adventure to a half-hour assassination. Instead, I want to reward ingenuity with some success, and then add reasonable complications that keep one move from ending the game. A total-party kill shouldn't abort a long-running campaign arc short of a satisfying conclusion. Instead, I want the characters captured, or to lose the magic key, or to suffer the gloating of the rival who saves them. (Forget bludgeoning, adventurers hate blows to their pride most because they wound the player too.) At the least, I always plan ways to turn total-party kills into setbacks that spare the campaign. Tom uses a storyteller's sense of drama to help decide among outcomes. His choice results from the usual factors of the player's choices and the luck of the die, but also from what suits the narrative. Will an up-beat or a down-beat better add drama? Is the table spoiling for a fight or for a lull? Does the session's pace leave time for complications? Instead of preparing encounters, prepare situations. The mindset opens you to plan less for what the players might do, while making you ready for anything. Next: Dungeon masters: Instead of plots, prepare secrets, clues, and leads. What spirit did it lose? Partly, Gary probably missed his own quirky touch. But I suspect that most of the changes he disliked arrived as the edition matured. As second edition grew, it began adding character options from new classes and kits. The design staff seemed intent on luring players to each new set of character options by making them a bit more powerful than the last. To Gary, this escalation defied the spirit of the game. After Gary left TSR, two design trends that he resisted shaped D&D's evolution from second through fourth edition. Current D&D lead, Mike Mearls wrote about these directions in a series of tweets. The first trend came from "an anxiety about controlling the experience of the game, leaving as little as possible to chance. They aimed for consistency of play from campaign to campaign, and table to table. The fear was that an obnoxious player or DM would ruin the game, and that would drive people away from it. The thinking was that if we made things as procedural as possible, people would just follow the rules and have fun regardless of who they played with. Gary would have approved of these changes, but would he have liked fifth edition? To an extent, I doubt any edition that Gary didn't design could have earned his favor. Gary saw AD&D as his baby and kept tight control on its content. No other version, no matter how many improvements it featured, could earn the same paternal love. Also, Gary might fault fifth edition for one thing: The edition emphasizes storytelling over challenging players and endangering their characters. Sure, you can still run a killer game. Tomb of Annihilation and its meat-grinder variant set a blueprint for that. But beyond level 4, fifth-edition characters become as durable as comic book characters. According to Mike Mearls, the edition "focuses on socializing and storytelling." No storyteller wants to see their tale's planned resolution spoiled when a hero dies to a fluke critical. Gary and his original co-designer Dave Arneson came from wargaming and a passion for competition. To Gary, D&D needed to test player skill to feel compelling. A storytelling exercise that glorified precious characters failed to interest him. Still, fifth edition captures the soul and spirit of original D&D better than any other version. I'll bet Gary would have liked it enough to write adventures for it. Except his adventures would not have let characters skate through with minimal risk. So don't get too attached to your hero, keep another character sheet on hand, and keep playing D&D. In 1985, D&D co-creator Gary Gygax wrote a column for Dragon magazine describing his plans for a second edition of Advanced Dungeons & Dragons. "This task does not preclude later supplements, changes and yet new editions (a Third, perhaps a Fourth someday)." Imagine that. By the time his plans reached readers in November, Gary had been forced out of TSR. Gary's part in shaping D&D ended. TSR ignored his outline and would not start work on a second edition until 1987. He planned to remove rules for weapon-speed factors and weapons versus armor. Like virtually every AD&D player, Gary ignored those rules. His best plans featured changes that reached D&D without Gary's help. The original bard class forced players to gain levels in Fighter, Thief, and Druid before becoming a bard. Gary's updated bard could start as a bard. His plans included wizard specializations beyond illusionist and a sorcerer class that resembled today's conjurer specialization. Mainly, he planned to design some class ideas that he had floated three years earlier in Dragon issue 65. Then he had asked readers to rate his concepts. "Let me know which you like best, which least." Two issues later, he reported a flood of responses. Mystic: A cleric subclass focused on divination. Savant: A magic user subclass specializing in knowledge and study. The class crossed the old sage class with divination and detection spells. Mountebank: A thief subclass focused on deception, slight-of-hand, and persuasion. Gary's short story, "The House in the Tree" included a character named Hop who describes himself as a mountebank. Hop comes across a fast-talking snake-oil salesmen, except some of Hop's concoctions might actually work. The story appears in a collection of short tales about Gord the Rogue titled Knight Errant. Jester: A bard subclass with jokes, tricks, and insults. "The class will be less than popular with fellow adventurers, I suspect, so that jesters will frequently have enemies and travel alone." Jesters come from the same inclination that produced the sage—from an urge to design classes around every medieval profession without any mind to

'Like a critically ill patient, Venice's wounds are proof of a widespread disease' 31 May, 2017 By Michael Webb A deeply depressing and urgent analysis offers previous few glimmers of hope that must be seized if Venice is to survive This is an impassioned plea to save Venice from the ravages of mass tourism, commercial exploitation and municipal corruption. Salvatore Settis is a scholar with a mission, an archaeologist and art historian who demands action to avert the destruction of a unique city. In this book, as in his articles and lectures, he seeks to raise public awareness of a crisis that – like climate change – is building slowly and can thus be denied by fools and those who profit from ignorance. Venice has been sinking, physically and politically, for centuries. A city-state that grew from a scatter of mudbanks to become a maritime power of extraordinary wealth, it was in decline long before Napoleon abolished the Republic and left it to be colonised by the Austrians. In The Dunciad, Alexander Pope described it as a pleasure resort in which, '… Cupids ride the lion of the deeps; Where, eased of fleets, the Adriatic main Wafts the smooth eunuch and the enamour'd swain.' All that was left of imperial glory resided in the enchanting combination of palaces and canals, neighbourhood campi and a labyrinth of narrow lanes. As a work of art protected by the lagoon, it became a spectacle, adored by travellers and connoisseurs. There were a few dissenters. 'There are many disagreeable things in Venice but none as disagreeable as the visitors', grumbled Henry James, more than a hundred years ago. He would be rendered speechless by the tide of tourists that now sweeps over the city like an invading army and outnumbers the residents, 140 to one. For, as tourism has grown exponentially, the population has dropped precipitately, from 175,000 in 1951 to 56,000 in 2015. 'Venice no longer seems capable of creating anything other than bed-and-breakfasts, hotels and restaurants, souvenir shops and phony carnivals', writes Settis. 'The tourist monoculture that has driven Venetians from Venice continues to hold sway, so much so that the 2,400 hotels and other overnight accommodations the city currently has can no longer satisfy its appetites … the total may soon reach 50,000 in the city's historic center and thereby take it over in entirety.' That may prove an exaggeration, but hit-and-run tourism is destructive in itself and in its unforeseen consequences. Property prices have risen to the point where few of the people who daily work in the city can afford to live there. Palaces are bought as second (or fifth) homes by the rich, who seldom occupy their apartments, and the few remaining shops selling useful things die for lack of custom, as do all the other services that make a city viable. Settis roots Venice in the context of a country that lurches from one political and economic crisis to another, with the highest level of fiscal evasion in Europe, and an unemployment rate that is twice the European average. He castigates the Calderoni Act of 2010, proposed by Silvio Berlusconi and approved by a supine legislature, which transfers ownership of historic monuments and other priceless assets from the State to cities, and allows them to sell or redevelop those prizes. The Italian Constitution correctly identified them as national property, held in trust; now they can be privatised and bought up by an oligarch making a tempting offer, just as monuments are blanketed in ads for luxury brands in return for the sponsorship of restoration. Of course, if Italy were to collect the estimated $150 billion a year in unpaid taxes it would be better able to maintain its heritage. 'The few remaining voters who still reside on the islands of Venice are far outnumbered by those of Marghera and Mestre, industrial cities that are part of the same constituency' It can be argued that Italian unification was a great mistake and that a confederation of semi-autonomous cities and provinces would better reflect the loyalties of its inhabitants. Settis cites the constitution of Siena, promulgated in 1309, as a model for Venice today. It includes the stirring clause: 'Whoever rules the city must have the beauty of the city as his foremost preoccupation, and in fact our city must be honorably decorated and its buildings carefully preserved and improved, because it must provide pride, honor, wealth and growth to the citizens, as well as pleasure and happiness to the visitors from abroad.' But that is to ignore the irresistible pressure of special interests in a depopulated city. The few remaining voters who still reside on the islands of Venice are far outnumbered by those of Marghera and Mestre, industrial cities that are part of the same constituency. As a result, Settis asserts, 'Venice is a textbook case of public corruption'. Cruise ships resembling floating skyscrapers churn their way to the heart of the city, dwarfing its monuments and eroding their foundations. The present mayor, Luigi Brugnaro, sees nothing wrong in this and tried to suppress an exhibition of photographs that documented the assault. He instructed the director of the Doge's Palace, which the city owns, to cancel the exhibition, which was later presented by the Olivetti Gallery in Piazza San Marco. Brugnari (whose predecessor was arrested for extortion and money-laundering) is eager to enlarge the cruse-ship terminal and the airport to attract even greater numbers of daytrippers, most of whom contribute little to the city's revenues. A former mayor heads the port authority, and the public body that maintained the ecological balance of the canals and the lagoon from the Middle Ages was judged incompetent and shut down. Acqua alta, the seasonal floods, are becoming ever more frequent. There are plans to dig even deeper channels across the lagoon, and MOSE, the massive gates intended to protect the city from tidal surges, are way over schedule and budget. As if Venice were not already becoming a theme park, there is a proposal to build Veniceland, a digitally enhanced surrogate, 'to titillate those whom the real city fails to excite'. It's a deeply depressing analysis, but Settis offers a few glimmers of hope. 'Like a critically ill patient, Venice's wounds … are proof of a widespread disease', he observes, 'and, just like a celebrity patient, it attracts more attention than any other city in the world.' He argues that the crucial task is to bring the city back to life, providing creative jobs and affordable lodgings, especially for young people who are willing to accept the challenge of living in a watery paradise with limited amenities. Visitors should be taxed to benefit residents, and provide funding to repurpose historic buildings, especially to house students of the university and foreign institutions who are now forced to commute daily from the mainland. Settis would restrict the number of second-home buyers, as has been done in Swiss cities, to repopulate palaces year round and drive down property prices. Even families with children could be encouraged, through tax breaks and subsidies, to return to the city. It's hard to imagine any of these reforms being accomplished without concerted pressure from without. In a recent resolution, UNESCO warned that Venice would be placed on its list of endangered sites if the city did not ban cruise ships by February 2017. Predictably, the Italian government pressured the organisation to withdraw or postpone its decision. It had earlier – in response to the wreck of the Costa Concordia on the Tuscan island of Giglio – passed a measure banning cruise ships from skirting sensitive sites, but made an exception for Venice, the most fragile of them all. Tall buildings that would intrude on the skyline of Venice pose another threat to its

cooperatives, the latter will be at a loss. The primary reason for this is the reality that higher exploitation of surplus product will have an advantage in competition. Owing to their past accumulation from the exploitation of surplus product, private companies can invest more heavily in fixed capital, and sell their products at lower prices by utilising high-efficiency technologies. In monopolies, this advantage will be immeasurably higher. In order to find a share in the market against capital, but lacking the same accumulation and scale of production, cooperatives will have to release workers, take loans to increase investment, or lower wages in order to remove expenditure on labour. On the other hand, those that cannot reduce prices, as in the example of the Kazova Textile cooperative that sells knitwear for 95 TL, they will have to rely on 'solidarity networks', but this will not be an economic model on its own. Once engaged in price competition, workers' wages will, at best, return to the levels of the capitalist companies. For workers who are keen on preserving the democratic character of the cooperatives and to take on administrative tasks outside of their working hours, this will be unsustainable. The first thing that cooperatives will sacrifice to avoid bankruptcy will be democratic and ecological principles. Capitalist competition pushes medium-scale enterprises to use brutal exploitation methods, since they lack advantages such as advertising, technological research, and mass production that large enterprises have. They can only gain an upper hand by exploiting nature and labour. As a matter of fact, this is exactly the situation at the Mondragon Corporation, the largest cooperative federation in the world, based in the Basque Country and employing nearly 75,000 workers in industry, finance, retail and information sectors. The workers who have an input in the administration receive wages that are higher than the market levels and which are level with each other, yet due to competitive pressures, as capitalist monopolies do, they have resorted to subcontracting production to capitalist companies at home, and shift their locations to countries with an abundance of cheap labour such as Egypt, Mexico, Argentina, Turkey, Thailand, and China. At this point, the number of paid workers without cooperative membership employed on a full-time, part-time or temporary basis has reached one third of the total. This situation is neither a 'temporary' nor an 'unintended' one, as member workers extract wage-profits through (absolute or relative) exploitation of the surplus-value created by non-members. In other words, capitalist competition has increasingly compelled Mondragon to exploitation of surplus-value, or an 'exploitation outflow'. Ultimately, cooperatives that wish to preserve their democratic quality and remain buoyant will have to produce for alternative markets that do not have a vital function for social reproduction. That is to say, in advanced capitalist countries, competition will quickly marginalise cooperatives towards sectors that are not harmful to the system. After all, industries such as steel, railroads, and machinery, which are the lifeblood of capitalist production, require the organisation of cooperative labour at the national scale to be reconfigured along cooperative production lines. Thus, making the state redundant through a democratic reconstruction of the economy, away from the purview of the state and the bourgeoisie, is untenable. This is because targeting a field away from the state and the bourgeoisie will mean relinquishing the production of basic commodities required for mundane life (such as energy, durable consumer goods, machinery, weaponry, means of communication, textiles, and chemistry) to the bourgeoisie, and what is built will not be an 'economic model' but, at best, a solidarity network confined to alternative markets. At this stage, if the task of the politically successful federation of people's councils is not to expropriate the expropriators, but to constitute market 'justice' by limiting exchange-value; to prevent dumping and excessive pricing, or impose strict taxes on capitalist and developed communes and cooperatives, while encouraging disadvantaged groups, it must be remarked that this is not very different from the redistributive (in)justice─and consequences thereof─of capitalist nation-states. The evolution of redistributive justice towards more progressive forms makes bourgeois belligerence inevitable. For instance, in 1970's Sweden, a peak of social democracy, a plan was underway to transfer company taxes to the Share-Levy Producers Fund run by the workers/unions in place of the state, to turn the structure of capital in favour of workers. However, this was shelved irreversibly with intense funding and lobbying from capital and its representative right wing parties (Wright 2009: 162-4). In sum, no matter how democratic the political superstructure, if the economic system is vulnerable to assaults from the capitalist companies and their logic, inequalities will re-emerge, as history and science have repeatedly shown. Democratic production processes will be marginalised and revert to the so-called 'democracy' of capitalist modernity. Academies and the Return of Repressed Materialism As directly democratic as they are, Öcalan undoubtedly did not set up the network of people's councils on bourgeois principles of representation. We can see this from the value he attached to the academies founded on anti-capitalism and tasked with the creation of the 'new person', along with education and culture in general. The people's councils are not solely voting mechanisms, but are also meant to be a school for the masses. Creating a system is the creation of a culture, morality and a 'new person', this much is true. In this sense, it would be daft to say that such institutions have no impact on the transformation of the mode of production. However, it is one thing to utilise education to indicate the contradictions that the mode of production creates, or materialise a political goal, and another thing to see it as the sole lever of the transition to a new mode of production. If we look at the role of the academies in the communal economy project, we can see that an equation has been made between the effectiveness of the material conditions in which people live their lives, with that of the intellectual field. This creates a quasi-idealist ontology, as the latter arises from the base of material conditions, just as with the people's councils in the political field. The revolutionary superstructural institutions are seen to be independent of, and even determinative of, the contradictions that arise from the mode of production. If you charge academies with the duty of preventing the logic of competition and profit from being installed in an area where a capitalist or more regressive mode of production is dominant, yet allow the capitalist mode of production to objectively reproduce itself through group property and the market, it is inevitable that you will be disappointed. Books, seminars, and ethico-ideological education would not be able to prevent asymmetrical accumulation of groups that are in unhindered competition. In the same way that the 'objective condition' for the changes in primitive communal societies was not simply the will to political power, but the appearance of surplus product, the underlying cause of capitalist inequality is not the lack of morality and education, but the mass production of cheap and varied commodities with the revolution in productive forces and the dispossession and proletarianisation of the masses. Consequently, the way to transcend capitalism is not primarily based on morality and education, but the transfer of the right to use all means of production to society as a whole in order to overcome the inability of capitalism to develop its forces of production. Thus, the questions we have listed, the predicaments we have indicated and their proposed solutions, are reservations that have been raised in the conferences and workshops where the perspective of communal economy is discussed. The conclusions of the last three activities touch upon the wage-relation as the basis of capitalist assault, and the need to prevent this through 'social regulation units'; the fact that small and medium enterprises

A-listers bring star power to Joe Biden inauguration 15 million people given Covid-19 vaccines in China as Spring Festival nears WH task force to reveal sobering data that drove decision to extend restrictions Elizabeth Warren's oldest brother dies from coronavirus Melania Trump calls for peaceful protests, doesn't mention underlying causes Dem-controlled House votes to kill GOP resolution condemning Pelosi for ripping up Trump's speech MP invited intern to 'fool around' with him Exclusive: Glencore puts entire stake in Mopani on the table in talks with Zambia: sources Oil gains as hopes rise for production cut amid coronavirus outbreak U.S. slaps French goods with 25% duties in digital tax row, but delays effective date Southwest asks unions to start considering post-aid concessions Why Main Street is suffering while Wall Street is soaring Dallas, Pittsburgh out as hub cities Irish extend Brian Kelly through 2024 Jeannie Morris, pioneering sports journalist, dies at 85 No games without students on campus Beckham fears what 'brutal' 1998 red card fallout would be like today The Littoral Combat Ship is More Vulnerable Than We Thought 100 Bombs and Counting: Why India Keeps Building Nukes China's Assault Carrier is Starting Sea Trials America Has Little To Fear From Iran's Qaher 313 Stealth Fighter America's M2: This Old Machine Gun Just Keeps Getting Better Russia's Okhotnik (Hunter) Stealth Drone Is Ready to Fly Iran Is Hoping Agility Can Beat America's Stealth Fighters U.S. Enemies Beware: Sinking An Aircraft Carrier Is A Fool's Errand Charlie Hurt says Biden 'has no choice at this point but to repeat the attacks on him' over rioting Here's What You Need To Remember: It is not likely that any foe will decide to attack a USN supercarrier by accident. Launching an attack against a carrier represents a profound political-military decision to escalate the stakes of a conflict, and it is unlikely that a tactical commander (a sub skipper, for example) would be allowed to make such a decision on his or her own. Since the 1950s, the supercarrier has been the most visible representation of U.S. military power and maritime hegemony. Although supercarriers have participated in nearly every military conflict since the commissioning of USS Forrestal in 1955, no carrier has come under determined attack from a capable opponent. In part, this is because supercarriers are very difficult to attack, but the symbolic grandeur of the massive ships also plays a role; no one wants to know what the United States might do if one of its carriers came under attack. What would happen if a foe attacked a United States Navy (USN) aircraft carrier during a conflict? How would the United States react, and how would it respond? Circumstances: Circumstances obviously matter for an attack on a U.S. aircraft carrier. An out-of-the-blue attack from a conventionally armed state actor would enjoy the highest levels of success, but would also have an impact on elite and public opinion in the United States that might drive calls for dire retribution. An attack as part of a crisis would seem less extraordinarily hostile, but would nevertheless incur demands for a severe response. Finally, an attack during active hostilities might well represent a significant escalation but would be least likely to elicit an enraged public response. Most devastating of all might be an attack by a non-state actor that resulted in significant casualties and/or the destruction of the carrier. This would undoubtedly inflame U.S. public opinion while leaving the United States without a clear path for response and retribution. Escalatory Logic: As part of an ongoing military conflict, an attack against a USN carrier would not necessarily represent a legal challenge; aircraft carriers are weapons of war, after all, and they are just as vulnerable to attack as any other weapon. But as military theorists have pointed out for at least two centuries, states choose their levels of escalation very carefully. Most wars are limited wars, and in limited wars, generals, admirals, and politicians are aware of the political import of the targets they select. Consequently, some targets remain off-limits for states that want to keep a war limited, even if those targets make a material contribution to the conduct of the conflict. The United States has enjoyed, for quite some time, a perception of untouchability around its most cherished, expensive, and effective military assets. Even with conventional naval and air forces, attacking a supercarrier is no mean task; the USSR tried to develop effective anti-carrier weapons and tactics for decades, a pursuit that China has now taken up. But aircraft carriers have an almost mythic symbolic importance, both in global opinion and in the self-conception of the U.S. Navy. No state has undertaken a determined attack against a USN carrier since World War II. Authorizing an attack against a USN supercarrier would require a weighty political decision. Political and senior military authorities might prefer to simply damage a carrier, which would send America a message about vulnerability but that would not necessarily lead to the deaths of extensive numbers of U.S. personnel. However, it would be difficult for anyone to guarantee limitations on damage, as a "lucky shot" might destroy the carrier. Granting the authority to attack a carrier would necessarily run the risk of sinking the ship. The USS Nimitz carries almost 6000 American military personnel and represents a vast expenditure of American treasure. Attacking her, and thus endangering this blood and treasure, is a very risky prospect indeed. The sinking of a U.S. aircraft carrier might well result in casualties that would exceed the total losses of the Iraq War in no more than a few minutes. When capital ships sink, they sometimes take nearly every crew member with them; 1415 of a crew of 1418 went down with HMS Hood in 1941, for example. Recommended: What Will the Sixth-Generation Jet Fighter Look Like? Recommended: Imagine a U.S. Air Force That Never Built the B-52 Bomber Recommended: Russia's Next Big Military Sale – To Mexico? Recommended: Would China Really Invade Taiwan? The targets of an attack against a carrier, in effect, would be U.S. military capabilities, public opinion, and elite opinion (defining elite as including military and civilian leadership). The political and military leadership of the foe would need to believe that attacking the carrier was militarily feasible, that it would further operational or strategic goals, and that the likely U.S. responses were manageable in military and political terms. On the operational and strategic levels, it's not difficult to imagine a context in which damaging, destroying, or deterring a carrier would enable operational military success. Simply clearing the skies of F/A-18s and F-35s tends to make life easier for fielded military forces. On the strategic side, an attack would convey a seriousness of commitment, while creating fear of vulnerability in America. Damaging or sinking a carrier would make the costs of war starkly clear to Americans, and might dissuade them from further conflict. Finally, any decision to escalate must take the potential U.S. response seriously and including either that America would not escalate in response or that any U.S. response could be effectively managed. Much would depend on the effectiveness of the attack. Even an unsuccessful attempt at attacking a supercarrier (an intercepted submarine sortie or a volley of ballistic missiles that failed to reach the target, for example) would carry escalatory risks, although it would also indicate seriousness of purpose to U.S. policymakers. The military impact of a successful strike against a carrier would be straightforward. A missile volley that either sank a carrier or led to a "mission-kill" by damaging the flight deck of a carrier into inoperability would deeply affect U.S. military operations, both by removing the carrier from the fight and from deterring America from deploying other carriers to the region. The USN can deploy only a limited number of carriers at any given time. In a crisis, the USN could shift carriers around and stand up additional ships, but

Email Us: info@lupinepublishers.com Call Us: +1 (914) 407-6109 57 West 57th Street, 3rd floor, New York - NY 10019, USA Lupine Publishers Group Lupine Publishers TCEIA Home Editor Guidelines Associate Editor Guidelines Register as Manuscript Guidelines Grants Cover Letter Last Date for online Submission: November 30th, 2021 | Rapid Peer Review Process | Scholarly Open Access Journal | Release of Next Issue: December 15th, 2021 | Trends in Civil Engineering and its Architecture Trends in Civil Engineering and its Architecture (TCEIA) welcomes highly qualified articles to promote major advances in Civil Engineering and its Architecture. The Journal covers processing, application, designing, development and performance if construction materials in civil engineering. The prime criterion for considering publication of manuscripts in our journal is whether the studies provide major advances into answering important questions relevant to constructional engineering. Topics included are Trends in Civil engineering, Coastal Engineering, Geotechnical Engineering, Geo-spatial Engineering, Highway Engineering, Railroad Engineering, Tunnel Engineering, Structural Mechanics, Building Construction Materials, Concrete Technology, Fluid Mechanics, Construction and Project Management, Information Technology etc. TCEIA particularly welcomes Original Research Papers which are original and unpublished in other Journals it also accepts Mini Reviews, Review Articles, Opinions, Editorials, etc. TCEIA is also interested in publishing manuscripts on designing part, in specific which leads to establishing new constructions with the use of material science knowledge. The journal accepts submissions from wide range of disciplines of both practical and theoretical studies. Contributions from both students and industry are equally supported. Design and fabrication of Wind Turbine on car: Simulation using ANN approach Hassnaa Hasan Shaheed, Praveen Kuppan* and Riya Aggarwal DOI : 10.32474/TCEIA.2022.04.000187 View abstract PDF Full text The demand for renewable energy is increasing widely. Out of various renewable energy sources solar, wind, hydro and biomass have the major share in the world. The wind energy is extracted by using wind turbines for electricity, wind pumps for pumping water, wind mills for mechanical works. Apart from standard methods used to extract wind energy, new economical methods are invented.The Wind Turbine Generator Systems are classified as the horizontal axis wind turbine (HAWT) and the vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT) based upon the axis of rotation is parallel or perpendicular to the ground. There has been raising trend in installing wind turbine in urban areas to increase the usage capacity. The specific objective of the wind turbine is to test the wind turbine and determining the nominal wind power and operation characteristics of the syst..... ReadMore Green Systems for a Grey Society Shore Shahnoori* and Masi Mohammadi The current research relates to the application of circular systems in the built environment. As of most projects related to the built environment (BE), and as it much fits in the framework of the circular economy (CE), this study will be applied for social well-being (WB) (goal no. 3 and No. 11 of the SDGs) for a particular age group. Sustainability is a delicate issue, for which sustainable construction should be the front-of-mind of any relevant company. Regarding older adults (OAs) as focusing populations, action plans must be carefully thought out; since sustainability is even more crucial for building a healthy environment for OAs. For this purpose, circular systems are promising. However, for an action plan to take effect, studying the various influential aspects, such as the support systems, locations, access to n..... ReadMore REVERS-ABILITY. Towards Changeable Digital Light Timber Frame Constructions Luigi Alini*, Miriam Pappalardo, Paolo Di Prima and Rossella Maria Carlotta Pisano The last twenty years have seen, especially for residential buildings, the development and prototyping of several digitally manufactured light timber frame construction systems, that take advantage of digital fabrication techniques for the entire construction process, from design to construction. Today, there is a pressing need to provide spatial configurations that let users modify the internal distribution according to the changing of their needs over time. Following this research path, the proposed work aims to verify the degree of changeability and reversibility of these systems. These systems are compared in relation to the specific construction solutions adopted, the fabrication and assembly process used, the amount and variety of variables that affect the project workflow and other..... ReadMore Modeling of Enterococcus Faecalis Transport Influenced by Variation of Heterogeneous Velocity and Dispersions in Kolo Creek Ezeilo FE1* and Eluozo SN2 Dispersion of Enterococcus faecalis was monitor in the study environment based on their heterogeneity in the creek, this shows serious concern base on rate of concentration from microbial analysis carried in the creek, the study determined the predominant factors that developed the heterogeneous dispersion in the transport of Enterococcus faecalis in the study area, this condition generated exponential phase based on the effect of the dispersion through the heterogeneous velocities of the creek, this expression implies that the migration and other causes of the contaminant deposition are influenced by these factors, the growth rate from exponential phase including high to low concentration are determined based on this predominant influential parameters, the derived modeling system expressed the behaviour of the microbes, this was ca..... ReadMore Mathematical Modeling of Dispersion Coefficient and Particle Density Bacterial Influence on Campylobacter spp Transport In Surface Water Environment Ezeilo FE* and Eluozo SN Particle density bacterial and dispersions of Campylobacter deposition was monitor in surface water environment, the transport of these microbes were observed to decrease with respect to change in distance at various monitored locations, dispersion of the contaminant at initial point of discharge were examined in the study environment, this was influenced through the migration of the contaminant at various station point of discharge, it was based on the heterogeneous velocity in the surface water environment. Despite the application of one dimensional flow transport, the study experience the impact of dispersion as decrease in concentration were observed in all the figures, the spread of the contaminant are based on the velocity of flow subjecting it to fast spread of Campylobacter in surface water environment, particle density bact..... ReadMore Phosphorus Transport Influenced by Exponential Homogeneous Dispersion Coefficient and Velocity of Flow in Eleme Stream Phosphorus as one of the microelement was observed to predominantly deposit in the study environment, this were experienced from physiochemical investigation carried out in the stream, the examination observed the predominant deposition of increased phosphorus in different station point of discharge, this implies that there are some significant factors causing such increase of the contaminant in the stream, the evaluation generated other parameters that could influenced the exponential state of the contaminant, such condition call for serious concern, thus thorough examination of these parameters that affect the growth rate of phosphorus in the stream, the transport of this microelement experienced increase in all the figures based on the points source of discharge monitored, derived model were applied to monitor the behaviour of ph..... ReadMore Informal sector housing Scenario Analysis for Chattogram, Bangladesh: A Way Forward Qazi Azizul Mowla* and Kanu Kumar Das Population growth rate, urban migration and natural disasters are making, the chronic shortage of housing in the developing countries, more complicated and strenuous. The case of Bangladesh is no different. However, though the growth rate of Chittagong is high yet due to various infrastructural and socio-environmental issues, the people of Chittagong are facing housing shortage. In most of the cases the development of informal sector housing is makeshift, unplanned and the consideration to the geographical, environmental, and ecological matrix is minimal. People who are in the informal sector and economically disadvantaged, cannot get proper shelter due to the shortage of housing or housing ingredients for the poor. This paper attempts to find a way to mitigate the shortage of informal sector economically disadvantaged group housing..... ReadMore Modeling Heterogeneous Grades of Aggregate on Partial Replacement of Metakaolin on Compressive Strength of Concrete Eluozo SN* and Dimkpa K Aggregate in different size has been known to be one of the concrete properties in strength development of any grades. The study evaluates the sizes of aggregate in

You choose design placement and shirt color! United States Marine Corps T-Shirt on Red or Gray! New Desert Storm 20th Anniversary Design! Wear Red on Fridays To Support our Marines and all Troops serving our great nation! Just a note to ask for all your good wishes and prayers for the 3/9 stationed in Afghanistan. My son is deployed on his second tour. Unlike the first tour this one is much different. He was with the 2/2 Warlords during the Marjah offensive, came home unharmed in May. Got itchy to go back and cross decked with the 3/9 where he received a Navy Achievement Medal for helping with the training. His deployment with them started in Dec. Since then has not had a shower. Baby wipes are his bath. Let's pray for some shower morale and get these stinky Marines cleaned up. His MOS is 331 Machine Gunner. He said he loves his job and maybe next year "there may be Korea" and I can fight a real war". Keep all of them in your prayers. Let's get to it. Father/daughter Marines of the year, another imposter, thankful in Granada, 2nd of 10 boot camp series, and many interesting responses about John Wayne. There's a story of a drive for a SgtMaj and a LtGen, both 3 war veterans. Between them 2 Navy Cross's, a Silver Star and Bronze Star. Both very highly thought of by a PFC. Marines; that's what makes it the Marine Corps. Got an email the other day noting that my salutation was a Navy saying. Well of course it is. We are part of the Navy. So are the words hatch, bulkhead, head, aye aye Sir, by your leave, etc... Even the word Marine is nautical. Instead of Marine how about water soldier, wet doggie, amphibious hounds. It's our heritage and tradition, it's who we are. And I had put the last 3 items together on one page for some close family friends first one is from a Bodfish Reunion great friend the one and only a sign from his property 2001 Loomis the National Chaplain Father O'Brien was a best friend he was age 18 during Peleliu and knew my father as the man who put the fire out on Peleliu that almost got me. my father is smiling and looking over his shoulder at the scholarship recipients for that year. Father Denis next to him and as you probably recognize Medal of Honor winner - Mitch Paige and next to him Medal of Honor winner- Everett Pope all great friends and a photo that brings a smile to our faces .. Received my on-line newsletter today and enjoyed the comments. Marine McCuen's letter reminded me of a brief exchange I recently had with a couple of 1st MarDivAssn, Evergreen Chapter members re: the comments by the new Commandant. All three of us happen to have done stints with the division in Korea without ever having "done" San Diego, Parris Island or the "hills of Quantico", as the new Commandant specified. I guess this also puts us at some odds with "Air Winger Mike" since we never experienced the Yellow Foot Prints either? Oh, well. At a D/2/7 reunion in San Diego in 1997, 28 of "us" were honored at Morning Colors, MCRD, by being presented honorary graduation certificates. The event made the local news and in the process of writing that story, the reporter occasioned to interview LtGen "Brute" Krulak, USMC-Ret about the situation and he expressed amazement that boot camp-less Marines were sent into combat in Korea. Attached is a photo taken by one of the wives of the honorees. Anyway, do keep up the great job. Admittedly the English Bulldog is the USMC Mascot but the Doberman was the real hero in many WW II campaigns, he was a fighter. I have had eight Doberman's and my current Marine, Baron, is 32.5" to the withers and 112 pounds of protection and companionship. Hi my name is Meghan Layman, I am from Walkersville MD.I just wanted to share this with you all, my Father and I both made Marine of the year for 2010 Shangri-La Detachment in Frederick MD. My Father served in Vietnam 1967-1968 Charley 1, 4th Marines, 3rd Marine division. He is always on the lookout for the Marines he served with if anyone out there remembers my Father send me an e-mail megoorah2005 @ yahoo .com (no spaces) he would to reunite with you. He graduated from good old PI on Dec 15, 1966 Plt 211. He is by far the best Marine I know. I have always looked up to him and done my best to make him proud. I think becoming a Marine has done the job. P.S. the photo with our covers on is before the Birthday ball began, The one with our Marine of the year award and no covers is the aftermath of the Ball OORAH (see more photos). Being an old Vietnam era salt (CVN Kitty Hawk, 1973-74), I am caught between two generations of Marines (sh-t happens, my Marine son says with a shrug). While still an enlisted Marine my father, later 1st Lt. Karl Rushing, helped bring his buddies out of the Chosin Reservoir and was a proud member of the "Frozen Chosin" until he passed away with full military honors. In his professional online business profile, under "employment history" the retired college professor and inventor simply listed "Korean War." How proud he would be to know that his grandson, Sgt. Ira Rushing, has decided to remain active duty, moving from being in Harrier avionics for five years to tank training (where, he says, he hopes to see some up-close action). I eagerly look forward to every issue of Sgt. Grit as a way to better understand these two fine Marines who have been such a strong force in my life. "Be courteous to all, but intimate with few, and let those few be well tried before you give them your confidence; true friendship is a plant of slow growth, and must undergo and withstand the shocks and adversity before it is entitled to the appellation." Recently, my girl friend and I along with a old Navy Corpsman were on a cruise to the Caribbean. One of the stops was at Granada. While on this beautiful island we took a tour of a Fort (Fredrick I believe) our tour guide was a very friendly lady named Alice. She saw that we were American so she kept telling us "Thank God for the United States Marines"" When our Gov. General called Washington for help, they sent the Marines and they saved us. The Marines stayed 18 months then left after making sure we could do it on our own, God Bless the Marines." She was so thankful it made my eyes leak. My girl friend says that I stood taller and my chest puffed up every time she praised the U.S. Marines, even though I had been on civilian assignment for a lot of years prior to Granada. Feb.25th. My Day I was Wounded. LZ Russell 1969. 2bn. 4th Marines. 0331. Echo. Co. I am sad to report the passing of another Marine. My stepfather, Patrick Dean Swift, Captain in 1st MarDiv. @ Camp Pendleton. He served in Korea and was at the Chosin Reservoir, where he was awarded the Bronze Star & the Purple Heart for wounds received there. He was the toughest SOB we ever knew, but he was loved very much. He was 82 years old, but he had a lifelong love affair with "his" Marine Corps! He passed Feb. 14th in Laguna Hills. Regarding the newsletter stuff about contract PFC's not getting a promotion ceremony, this is what I recall from my time in, 1978 to 1998. Since a contract PFC had enlisted for a guaranteed rank upon

pass ordinances that penalize quarantine violators before they could make arrests. Since then, the number of violators recorded rose and fell between 2,200 to 3,300 a day. The last peak of the recorded violators reached 4,130 on April 15. On April 24, warnings dropped to zero. The steep decline began on April 22, a day after the PNP national headquarters said police would no longer issue warnings. In the same days, arrests rose slightly from 778 to 1,098. Police have done more arrests than issued warnings and collected fines ever since. With such rising apprehensions and arrests, victims of abuse in the hands of police and military have turned to organizations such as the Commission on Human Rights (CHR) for help. Since the lockdown began on March 15, the CHR has been on the receiving end of complaints through its hotlines, emails, and social media accounts. As of April 29, the CHR has received 368 requests for assistance and complaints, coming mostly from the National Capital Region, Central Luzon, and Calabarzon. Its investigators and lawyers are still deployed to the field to probe into these complaints, majority of which are related to "alleged torture or cruel, inhuman, and degrading treatment and punishment; accounts of illegal arrests and/or detentions, as well as requests for assistance with regards relief goods or the government emergency subsidy." "The number of violations arising from policies related to the lockdown may be attributed to the lack of or unclear guidelines to implement them as well as overzealousness in applying the quarantine," CHR said. Human rights sidelined Several groups have called out the government for its lack of a human rights-based approach in addressing the pandemic. On the other hand, there are existing discourses by the administration on how much authority can be exercised during a crisis. This is where the challenge arises from, according to CHR, when the concept of human rights continues to be "largely misunderstood and underappreciated" by those in power. "The way human rights have been regarded, or disregarded, has an effect on how we see and treat people and, in a way, shapes policies and their implementation," the commission said. Citizens should follow and respect rules set during the lockdown, CHR said, but violators should not be treated inhumanely. Law enforcers should "equally exhibit respect and practice maximum tolerance." But can a public health emergency erase one's rights? Some necessary measures may lead to certain restrictions, but the United Nations said that these should meet the requirements of "legality, necessity and proportionality, and be non-discriminatory." Specifically, UN rights chief Michelle Bachelet warned authorities that emergency powers should be used only to address the pandemic "nothing more, nothing less." Going beyond may be disastrous. Philippine Alliance of Human Rights Advocates (PAHRA) chairperson Nymia Simbulan, meanwhile, believes that the role of the military and police in the coronavirus pandemic should not have been this big. The policies and public statements of the administration, including authorities turning a blind eye to human rights violations, are reminiscent of the government's violent anti-illegal drug campaign. "The state's handling of this public health crisis did not veer away from the way it handled the illegal drug problem in the country," Simbulan said. "It's actually a duplication or a replication of the very violent strategy of the state." These factors, she said, only showed the government's disregard of a human rights-based approach to the coronavirus pandemic, something that many groups have urged since the beginning of the crisis. Take for example the constant use of the rhetoric of war, according to Simbulan, which only justifies the blatant show of force in the form of deployment of police and military in areas where they are not normally seen. "They're making themselves highly visible to the people to the point that it's already normal to be seeing men in uniform with high-powered guns roaming around the community," Simbulan said. "It reinforces the role of state violence as a key tool and instrument in addressing the problem," she added. The value of upholding human rights should not be lost on the government, CHR said, as authorities should always remember that "the protection of our human rights is the very reason why we fight against the COVID-19." Drug war blueprint? Under quarantine, the Philippine National Police uses the same operational procedures as when it deals with criminals, but with a different goal in mind. "The purpose of the quarantine is to restrict movement of the people who could be carriers of the virus," Joint Task Force COVID Shield chief Police Lieutenant General Guillermo Eleazar told Rappler in an interview on April 14. They continue to follow the rules imposed by their operational manual that they have been using in the controversial anti-drug campaign Oplan Double Barrel and checkpoint operations. They follow the same rules of engagement: that cops should only apply "necessary and reasonable force to overcome resistance put up by the offender; subdue the clear and imminent danger posed by him; or to justify the force/act under the principles of self-defense, defense of relative, or defense of stranger." This has taken on a new meaning under the Duterte administration, specifically since the beginning of the anti-drug campaign, where cops have been advised to "neutralize" suspects who threaten their lives. This could mean disabling the suspects, or in less ideal situations, killing them. Duterte took this further by ordering the police to "shoot dead" unruly violators, particularly those who threaten a cop's life. Three weeks later, Winston Ragos was killed in Quezon City. The issue of trespassing without warrants has also repeatedly cropped up in the enforcement of quarantine rules in the Dasmariñas Village and PPT incidents. No less than retired Supreme Court associate justice Antonio Carpio said the police's actions possibly violated the right to be secure in one's home. Police argue that they were invited into PPT and Dasmariñas Village. The arguments on the violation of domicile harks back to the same legal arguments undertaken by the Supreme Court in 2017 on whether cops can just knock on the doors of people they suspect of committing crime and then investigate. The scrutiny of the drug war has led to a renewal of policy in the drug campaign, including the requirement of human rights officers in operations to prevent incidents of abuse. This development has not been replicated for quarantine law enforcement. For law enforcement under quarantine, the police follow the guidelines of the Inter-Agency Task Force (IATF), which has been criticized for giving vague, piecemeal guidelines, and local government units that pass their own ordinances to match their own pandemic problems. A source told Rappler that the PNP has submitted clearer "protocols" for policemen for the IATF to pass as a resolution. Eleazar, meanwhile, said they have no problem with the set-up as they only follow the policies of the national government, and local cops should know what their local officials have passed into law in their jurisdictions. Changed lives The human rights violations reported during the lockdown, and the possible lack of accountability as warned by groups, stem from a culture of impunity that has dominated the country since the violent drug war began in 2016. The police force roaming the streets and looking over citizens in different local government units, after all, are the same ones at the helm of Duterte's flagship program that has taken thousands of lives. They, too, are changing a lot of lives in the pandemic. It's been almost a month since the unfortunate incident involving cops and Josie's husband Noli. Their lives, already upended by the coronavirus pandemic, faces renewed hardship. Josie, taking over the reins in the household, now goes out every morning to find any chance of earning money to put food on their table. But what used to be straightforward travel to and from their home has become more complicated, with Josie going through alleys just to avoid checkpoints. She said she'd rather walk

RISs that are realized as large arrays of tiny and inexpensive antennas whose phase response is locally optimized. By offering extra diversity in the spatial domain, multi-antenna techniques are of significant importance. The application of multi-antenna enhanced RIS networks has attracted substantial interest from academia~\cite{lyu2020spatial,Hou_SISO_NOMA_RIS,hou2019mimo} and industry~\cite{RIS_industrial_linglong,Hou_MIMO_RIS_IC,Bjrnson2019}. Given the increasing number of research contributions on RISs, its advantages are becoming more clear, especially in terms of spectral efficiency (SE) and energy efficiency (EE) enhancement. There are several key challenges for performance analysis in RIS-enhanced networks. One of the main challenges is to evaluate the exact distributions of the cascade channels between the BS and users through RISs. Another challenge is evaluating the effective channel gain after passive beamforming at the RIS. Table~\ref{table:RIS} summarizes the existing contributions on RISs with multiple antennas and illustrates their comparison. RIS-enhanced single user networks have been analyzed in \textbf{Section~III.A}. Hence, we turn out attention to RIS-enhanced multi-user networks. A prioritized signal-enhancement-based (SEB) was proposed by Hou~\emph{et al.}~\cite{Hou_SISO_NOMA_RIS}, where passive beamforming is designed for the user with the best channel gain, and all the other users rely on RIS-enhanced beamforming. \begin{table*}[htbp]\scriptsize \caption{Important contributions on RIS-enhanced networks. ``DL'' and ``UL'' represent downlink and uplink, respectively. The ``sum-rate gain'' implies that the gain brought by invoking RIS technique} \begin{center} \centering \begin{tabular}{|l|l|l|l|l|l|} \hline \centering \textbf{Ref.} &\textbf{Scenarios} & \textbf{Direction}& \textbf{Users} & \textbf{Main Objectives} & \textbf{Techniques} \\ \hline \centering \cite{hou2019mimo} & MIMO & DL & Multiple users & OP and throughput & Fairness SEB \\ \hline \centering \cite{Bjrnson2019} & SISO & DL & Single user & sum-rate gain & Compare with relay\\ \hline \centering \cite{RIS_fading_to_gamma} & SISO & UL & Single user & OP and throughput & Effective channel gain \\ \hline \centering \cite{DING_SISO_CLT} & SISO & DL & Single user & Effective channel gain & Compare with random phase shifting\\ \hline \centering \cite{zhang2019analysis} & SISO & DL & Single user & Effective channel gain & SEB\\ \hline \centering \cite{RIS_zhiguo_simple} & SISO & DL & Single user & OP & SEB\\ \hline \centering \cite{Hou_SISO_NOMA_RIS} & SISO & DL & Multiple users & OP and throughput & Prioritized SEB \\ \hline \centering \cite{lyu2020spatial} & SISO & DL & Single user & Effective channel gain & SEB\\ \hline \centering \cite{qian2020beamforming} & MIMO & DL & Single users & Effective channel gain & Random matrix theory and CLT \\ \hline \centering \cite{Ntontin2019multi}& MIMO & DL & Multiple users & sum-rate gain & SEB \\ \hline \centering \cite{Hou_MIMO_RIS_IC} & MIMO & DL & Multiple users & Interference cancellation & SCB and less constraint at RAs\\ \hline \centering \cite{discrete_RIS_number_bit} & SISO & UL & Multiple users & Sum-rate & Minimum required finite resolution\\ \hline \centering \cite{CR_RIS_Rice} & MISO & DL & Multiple users & Sum-rate & Multi-RIS distribution\\ \hline \centering \cite{RIS_ruiZhang_discrete} & MISO & DL & Multiple users & Sum-rate & Discrete phase shifts \\ \hline \end{tabular} \end{center} \label{table:RIS} \end{table*} \begin{itemize} \item \textbf{RIS-enhanced Signal Enhancement Designs:} By assuming that multiple waves are co-phased at the users, the received signal can be significantly enhanced, which leads to the following optimization problem: \begin{equation}\label{SEB} \begin{aligned} {\rm{max}}\;\;&{\left| {{{\mathbf{r}}^H}{\mathbf{\Phi g}} + h} \right|^2} \\ {\rm{s.t.}}\;\; & {\beta _{1}}, \cdots, {\beta _{N}} = 1\\ & {\phi _{1}}, \cdots, {\phi _{N}} \in \left[ {0,2\pi } \right). \end{aligned} \end{equation} In order to further enhance the SE of RIS-enhanced networks, multiple antenna techniques can be employed at both the BS and users. Yuan~\emph{et al.}~\cite{CR_RIS_Rice} proposed a cognitive-radio-based RIS-enhanced multiple-input and single-output (MISO) network, where both perfect and imperfect channel state information (CSI) setups were considered. However, in many research works, continuous amplitude coefficients and phase shifts are assumed at the RISs, whilst in practice the phase shifts of RISs may not be continuous. Thus, You~\emph{et al.}~\cite{RIS_ruiZhang_discrete} proposed a discrete phase shifts model for a MISO enhanced RIS network. Zhang~\emph{et al.}~\cite{discrete_RIS_number_bit} then evaluated the required number of bits for finite-resolution RISs in an uplink SISO network. Hou~\emph{et al.}~\cite{hou2019mimo} investigated an RIS-enhanced MIMO network, where a fairness oriented design was considered by applying SG tools for modeling the impact of the users' locations. \item \textbf{RIS-enhanced Signal Cancellation Designs:} Another application of deploying RISs in wireless networks is signal cancellation, where the reflected signals and the direct signals can be destructively combined. The corresponding optimization problem can be formulated as follows: \begin{equation}\label{SCB} \begin{aligned} {\rm{min}}\;\;&{\left| {{{\mathbf{r}}^H}{\mathbf{\Phi g}} + h_I} \right|^2} \\ {\rm{s.t.}}\;\; & {\beta _{1}}, \cdots, {\beta _{N}} \le 1\\ & {\phi _{1}}, \cdots, {\phi _{N}} \in \left[ {0,2\pi } \right). \end{aligned} \end{equation} where $h_I$ denotes the aggregate interference signals from other-cell BSs. By assuming that both the inter-cell and intra-cell interferences are perfectly known, the optimal solution to~\eqref{SCB} is to adjust both the signal phase and amplitude coefficients of the BS-RIS-user links to the opposite of the effective interference links with the same amplitude. By doing so, some promising applications can be realized, e.g. RIS-enhanced PLS and interference cancellation. On the one hand, by assuming that perfect CSI is available at the RIS controller, the inter-cell and intra-cell interferences can be eliminated. On the other hand, considering the PLS requirements, RISs also stand as a potential solution for cooperative jamming techniques, i.e., RISs act as artificial noise sources. By adopting this approach, several contributions have been made. Hou~\emph{et al.}~\cite{Hou_MIMO_RIS_IC} proposed an RIS-enhanced interference cancellation technique in a MIMO network, where the inter-cluster interference can be eliminated without active beamforming weights and detection vectors. Furthermore, this work can be adopted for application to coordinated multi-point (CoMP) networks for inter-cell interference cancellation in cellular networks. Shi~\emph{et al.}~\cite{PLS_RIS_SWIPT} investigated an RIS-enhanced secure beamforming technique, where the secrecy rate of the legitimate user was derived. Lyu~\emph{et al.}~\cite{PLS_RIS_Jammer} investigated an RIS jamming scenario, where RISs act as jammers for attacking legitimate communications without using any internal energy. \end{itemize} \subsection{Benchmark Schemes} \begin{figure}[t!] \centering \includegraphics[width =3in]{rate_HD_FD.pdf} \caption{Spectral efficiency of RIS-enhanced, FD-relay as well as HD-relay networks versus the number of RIS elements. Please refer to~\cite{Hou_SISO_NOMA_RIS} for simulation parameters.} \label{Compare With AF_DF relay fading fig 6} \end{figure} In order to assess the advantages and limitations of RISs, two benchmark transmission technologies are usually considered: 1) surfaces with random phase shifts; and 2) relay networks. \begin{itemize} \item \textbf{Random Phase Shifts:} RISs are capable of shifting the phase of the incident signal, and hence multiple signals can be boosted or eliminated at the user side or at the BS side. Hence, a well-accepted benchmark scheme to quantify the performance enhancement by RIS elements is given by a surface that is not configurable and that can ideally be modeled by a surface with random phase shifts~\cite{DING_SISO_CLT}. \item \textbf{Relay Networks:} Generally speaking, relay-aided networks can be classified into two pairs of classic relaying protocols, which are 1) FD and HD relay networks; and 2) AF and DF relay networks. By assuming that the optimal power split strategies of both the AF and DF relays are employed, the performance gain between RIS-enhanced and relay-aided networks can be compared. Specifically, Bjornson~\emph{et al.}~\cite{Bjrnson2019} compared the achievable data rate of both RIS-enhanced and DF-relay-aided SISO network, where the BS-user links are blocked. It was pointed out that when the number of tunable elements of the RISs is large enough, an RIS-enhanced network is capable of outperforming a DF-relay-aided network. In an effort to provide a comprehensive analysis for both RIS-enhanced and relay-aided networks, Ntontin~\emph{et al.}~\cite{Ntontin2019multi} compared the system performance of classic maximal ratio transmission (MRT) and maximal ratio combining (MRC) techniques. Fig.~\ref{Compare With AF_DF relay fading fig 6} illustrates the potential benefits of RIS-enhanced networks compared with both HD-relay and FD-relay networks in terms of network throughput~\cite{Hou_SISO_NOMA_RIS}. Here, the performance of HD-relaying is obtained for an equal time-split ratio. We can see that the network throughput gap between the RIS-enhanced network and the other pair of relay aided networks becomes smaller, when the number of RIS elements increases. For example, when the number of RIS elements $N=23$ and the transmit power $P=25$ dBm, the proposed RIS-enhanced network is capable of outperforming both FD and HD relay aided networks, which indicates that the RIS-enhanced network becomes more competitive, when the number of RIS elements is large enough. Table~\ref{table:RIS_compare_benchmarks} provides a comparison between RIS-enhanced and relay aided networks in terms of advantages and

New York: Trips: Rochester, 1 October 1959 1959: 6 August-3 October Papers of John F. Kennedy. Pre-Presidential Papers. Presidential Campaign Files, 1960 This folder contains memoranda, newspaper articles, a press release of a speech by Senator John F. Kennedy, and correspondence between Senator Kennedy and various individuals concerning American-Israeli relations, American-Soviet relations, the prospect of a Catholic president, and Senator Kennedy's presidential campaign trip to Rochester, New York. "What Nixon Said: A Collection of His Public Utterances, 1946-1960," DNC issuance: National Security: Disarmament, Atomic, Space, Nuclear Testing This folder contains quotes by Richard M. Nixon regarding issues of national security including disarmament, relations between the United States and the Soviet Union, atomic energy, satellites, the missile gap, and nuclear testing. "What Nixon Said: A Collection of His Public Utterances, 1946-1960," DNC issuance: National Security: Scientists and Engineers This folder contains quotes by Richard M. Nixon concerning the need for greater education in the science and engineering fields, and competition between the United States and Soviet Union. "What Nixon Said: A Collection of His Public Utterances, 1946-1960," DNC issuance: National Security: U-2 Justification 1960: 14 May-29 July This folder contains quotes by Richard M. Nixon concerning the use of U-2 aircraft to conduct aerial surveillance over the Soviet Union. "What Nixon Said: A Collection of His Public Utterances, 1946-1960," DNC issuance: National Security: U.S.S.R. vs U.S. - Competition This folder contains quotes by Richard M. Nixon on communism, national security, and competition between the United States and Soviet Union. "What Nixon Said: A Collection of His Public Utterances, 1946-1960," DNC issuance: Foreign Policy: U.S.S.R. 1959: 18 April-2 August This folder contains quotes by Richard M. Nixon concerning the Soviet Union. 2 November 1959-3 January 1960 This folder contains excerpts and press releases of speeches made by Senator John F. Kennedy. Topics include nuclear weapons testing, urban affairs, Soviet Union Premier Nikita Khrushchev's visit to the United States, federal student loans, the Democratic Party's farm program, Africa, and the labor movement. Also included is a speech concerning a gap in achievements in agriculture, military, education, and space exploration between the United States and the Soviet Union. February 1960: 7-12 This folder contains copies and press releases of speeches given in New Mexico, Oregon, and Washington by Senator John F. Kennedy during his 1960 presidential primary campaign. Topics include primary elections; issues in Eastern Europe, particularly the Soviet Union and Communism; natural resources and conservation projects; housing reform; the Presidency and foreign policy; and policy differences between the Republican and Democratic parties. March 1960: 4-9 1960: 27 February-9 March This folder contains copies and press releases of speeches given in Kansas and New Hampshire by Senator John F. Kennedy during his 1960 presidential primary campaign. Topics include the achievement gap in agriculture, military, education, and space exploration between the United States and the Soviet Union; Africa; preservation of natural resources; South America; and the importance of primary elections in Nebraska and New Hampshire. Also included in this folder is Senator Kennedy's itinerary for New Hampshire in the days leading up to the state's primary election. April 1960: 22-30 This folder contains copies, excerpts, and press releases of speeches given in Indiana, Oregon, and West Virginia by Senator John F. Kennedy during his 1960 presidential primary campaign. Topics include the achievement gap in agriculture, military, education, and space exploration between the United States and the Soviet Union; the educational system; disarmament; the economy; and a proposal for a national fuels policy. Also included in this folder is an incomplete listing by date of the Senator's campaign stops and speeches given in each city. June 1960: 2-18 This folder contains copies, excerpts, and press releases of speeches given in California, Michigan, New Mexico, New York, South Dakota, and Washington, D.C. by Senator John F. Kennedy during his 1960 presidential campaign. Topics include agriculture, differences between the Democratic and Republican Parties, and challenges ahead for the 1960s. Also included in this folder is a speech titled, "A Time for Decision," given by Senator Kennedy on the floor of the United States Senate. In the speech the Senator addresses relations between the United States and the Soviet Union; Communism; disarmament; the importance of scientific development in the United States; and aid to areas in need, such as Latin America, the Middle East, Africa, and China. August 1960: 23-30 This folder contains press releases, statements, and copies of speeches given by Senator John F. Kennedy during his 1960 presidential campaign. Topics include the achievement gap between the United States and the Soviet Union, a veto on the Anderson-Kennedy amendment to the medical care for the aged bill, United States policy towards Israel and the Middle East, and the minimum wage law. September 1960: 2-16 This folder contains press releases, statements, speeches, and transcripts of press conferences given by Senator John F. Kennedy in Alaska, California, Idaho, Maine, Michigan, New York, Pennsylvania, Oregon, and Washington during his 1960 presidential campaign. Topics addressed include voter registration, labor, legislation and congressional relations, the 1960 campaign, natural resources, Communism, Latin America, and the Soviet Union. September 1960: 20-30 This folder contains press releases of speeches given by Senator John F. Kennedy in Montana; Ohio; Washington, D.C.; and West Virginia during his 1960 presidential campaign. Topics include poverty, preservation of natural resources, foreign policy, the threat of Communism, and Soviet Union Premier Nikita Khrushchev's visit to the United States. NBC second debate transcript, 7 October 1960 This folder contains the unofficial transcript of the second presidential debate between candidates Senator John F. Kennedy and Vice President Richard M. Nixon. The candidates answered questions on numerous issues, including Cuba, the economy, civil rights, and the Soviet Union. The debate was broadcast by the National Broadcasting Company (NBC) and moderated by Frank McGee of NBC. October 1960: 7-31 This folder contains press releases and excerpts of speeches given by Senator John F. Kennedy in Florida; Kentucky; Ohio; Pennsylvania; and Washington, D.C. during his 1960 presidential campaign. Topics include a proposal for an urban affairs program, education, civil rights, the political parties, ethics in government, the achievement gap between the United States and Soviet Union, and the balance of payments. Defense and disarmament: Missile gap This folder consists of copies of the Congressional Record containing a speech by Senator John F. Kennedy concerning a gap in military, nuclear, and diplomatic policies between the United States and the Soviet Union, and suggestions for reducing the gap. Defense and disarmament: Nuclear testing This folder contains a speech given by Senator John F. Kennedy at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) concerning nuclear weapons testing. In his speech the Senator argues for the suspension of nuclear testing provided the Soviet Union also suspends testing, discusses radioactive fallout, argues for an international agreement on nuclear testing, and suggests that if testing does occur it happen underground or in outer space. Foreign affairs: Nuclear testing This folder contains a speech by Senator John F. Kennedy titled, "Nuclear Weapons," given at the Wisconsin Association of Student Councils in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. In his speech Senator Kennedy discusses the importance of nuclear weapons control and advocates for an international agreement to end nuclear weapons testing, particularly between the U.S. and Soviet Union. Foreign affairs: Our Stake in Berlin This folder contains copies of a speech by Senator John F. Kennedy titled, "Our Stake in Berlin," given at the University of Wisconsin in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. In his speech Senator Kennedy discusses the differences between East and West Berlin, the spirit and diversity of Berliners, and Berlin as a symbol of determination in the struggle against communism and pressures by the Soviet Union. Foreign affairs: Poland This folder contains copies of a speech given by Senator John F. Kennedy at the Pulaski Day Dinner in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. In his speech Senator Kennedy discusses United States policy towards Poland, communism in Poland, and influence of the Soviet Union in Eastern Europe. Senator Kennedy also remarks on an amendment to the Battle Act

and to the inside of the armhole. Pin and tack in place and then machine in the ditch created by the seam. The side seams can be joined by the same method as the shoulder seams. Large flat beads or buttons can be sewn on top of the shoulders at this stage. The neck edges of the bodice are finished with a fold of chiffon at either side. The pattern is shaped to a wider curve at the front and is straight at the back. Fold the chiffon in half lengthways along the fold and tack along the seam line. With right sides facing place the chiffon onto the bodice so that the raw edges are aligned. Pin and machine in place. Press the seams away from the neck edge and topstitch to hold the chiffon in place. This topstitching can then form the guide for a row of beads to be sewn on top with a running stitch. Take care not to sew beads where the bodice overlaps at the front and back. Sew beads along the edge of the chiffon band. SKIRT Tack down the centre front lines to transfer the marking to the right side of the skirt and tack around the hem and along the top edge for the same purpose. Join the train to either panel by pinning right sides together and machining along the seam lines. Trim the seams with pinking shears and press the seams open. Machine two rows of gathering across the top of the train panel and pull to gather to reduce the top to 3cm. There are two small pleats marked on each skirt panel along the top edge and these can be folded in place and machined across the top, within the seam allowance, to hold in place. The curved hem of the original skirt is finished by a 7cm bias cut facing. Cut the bias strips to include seam allowance, and press the raw edges in. To help form the curved edges of the hem sew a single row of temporary gathering stich at each curve within the seam allowance of the skirt, pull gently to gather and the seam allowance will begin to curl over; press along the folded edge. With right sides facing pin the facing in place and machine to the dress. The facing is then slipstitched to the back of the satin. Wide black bias binding has been used on the reproduction gown. The facing is sewn to the skirt with a long slipstitch that picks up one thread of the skirt at a time. Press the hem lightly along the edge when sewn to prevent the facing from showing on the right side of the satin. The chiffon side panels hanging down from the waist are finished with a hand-rolled hem on the original gown. The thread used was not colour fast and so it is now a shade of brown. A rolled-hem foot was attached to the sewing machine to create a narrow hem on the reproduction panels. Pressing the first 10cm over twice makes the process of feeding the slippery chiffon fabric into the rolled-hem foot a little easier. When the panels are completed, using a long machine stitch, sew two rows of gathering stitches within the seam allowance. Pull the two top threads, gather until the panels measure 20cm and then knot the threads at either end. SCARF To make the narrow neck scarf begin by sandwiching the shorter panel between the two longer panels with a 0.5cm seam and press open. With right sides facing fold the band in half lengthways, match the seams and pin along the raw edges leaving an opening in the centre of 8cm for turning through. Machine around the edge and trim to 0.5cm, snip off the corners and use a long-handled wooden spoon, or similar, and turn the scarf the right way round. Use a bamboo point turner to make sure the corners are sharp, and press. Close the 8cm gap by pressing the seam allowance inwards, pin and slipstitch by hand. To make the decorative bobbles that hang from the four corners, cut four circles of satin big enough to cover each pompom (I used a large reel of thread as a template). Use a double thread and small stitches to gather each bobble over the pompoms. Join the bobbles to the corners of the scarf with a loose chain stitch 1.5cm long made from three strands of embroidery thread. Place a drop of Fray Check over the raw edges. With right sides facing, pin around the edge of the scarf, leaving a gap in the centre for turning through. Make the scarf bobbles from pompoms and circles of satin. BEADED BODICE PANELS Begin by layering the tulle. The original gown has four layers of lighter weight cream tulle, a back layer of stiffer tulle and a top layer of black tulle. I tacked two layers of cream tulle under the outer layer of black together to prevent movement. The other layers were tacked behind once the panel was completed. Place the template behind the net and pin at the corners. Trace the outline of each shape either with an air erasable marker or by tracing with thread. The flower motifs were constructed separately on a piece of black net. The flowers are cut out and then applied to the panel once all other sections are completed. Beginning with the front panel, place it in an embroidery hoop and adjust so the tension is firm. To sew beads use a beading needle to thread beads onto and then use a small needle to couch the beads in place. Sew the sequins flat using a backstitch. For the swirls around the flowers, thread two beads and one sequin onto a needle and backstitch behind each sequin before repeating. The tension is quite loose for the swirls. The cord is lightly stitched in place using a stab stitch and is couched at the corners. The centre back panel has a smaller opening, so it is not necessary to complete another whole panel, just the section that will show. On the original bodice this is 11cm from the edge of the panel to the top of the chiffon. A folded piece of chiffon has been sewn across the bottom of the beading on the original panel. Place the tulle in an embroidery hoop and transfer the lines from the template to the tulle. Cut a length of chiffon to match the width of the bottom of the beading panel and 5cm wide. Fold in half lengthways. Place the fold along the bottom of the beaded section, pin and slipstitch to the tulle. Finish the long raw edge by folding the edges under and slipstitching to the tulle. To finish the tulle panel trim the seam allowance down to 1cm, fold it behind the panel and slipstitch to the tulle. Cut around the sequin flower motif with small sharp scissors. The completed front bib panel. BLACK BEADED FLOWER MOTIF ON THE SKIRT Cut out fifteen pairs of petals, adding seam allowance, and machine around the edge, snip off the point, place a dab of Fray Check at the point and turn the right way round (a chopstick is useful for this process). Make sure the leaf shape is smooth with the seams sitting along the edges, and then press each leaf. Pleat the bottom edge of each leaf into three. Take eight leaves and machine the pleats in place in a continuous strip. Close the circle of leaves by knotting the ends of the thread. Cut two circles of black net that are bigger than the circumference of the hole in the centre and slipstitch the leaves to the net. Place a further leaf in

ZnO Nanowires for Dye Sensitized Solar Cells By Simas Rackauskas, Nadia Barbero, Claudia Barolo and Guido Viscardi Submitted: September 14th 2016Reviewed: January 25th 2017Published: July 5th 2017 Home > Books > Nanowires - New Insights This chapter provides a broad review of the latest research activities focused on the synthesis and application of ZnO nanowires (NWs) for dye‐sensitized solar cells (DSCs) and composed of three main sections. The first section briefly introduces DSC‐working principles and ZnO NW application advantages and stability issues. The next section reviews ZnO NW synthesis methods, demonstrating approaches for controlled synthesis of different ZnO NW morphology and discussing how this effects the overall efficiency of the DSC. In the last section, the methods for ZnO NW interface modification with various materials are discussed, which include ZnO core‐shell structures with semiconductive or protective layers, ZnO NW hybrid structures with other materials, such as nanoparticles, quantum dots and carbon nanomaterials and their benefit for charge and light transport in DSCs. The review is concluded with some perspectives and outlook on the future developments in the ZnO nanowire application for DSCs. ZnO nanowire dye‐sensitized solar cell hybrid materials chapter and author info Simas Rackauskas* Department of Chemistry, NIS Interdepartmental Centre and INSTM Reference Centre, University of Turin, Turin, Italy Nadia Barbero Claudia Barolo Guido Viscardi *Address all correspondence to: simas.rackauskas@gmail.com From the Edited Volume NanowiresNew InsightsEdited by Khan Maaz Nanowires - New Insights Edited by Khan Maaz World energy demand is rapidly increasing; therefore, a clean and reliable energy source is fundamental to global economy. The environmental impact of the fossil fuel use urges the need for the search of alternative energy resources. Many different renewable energy technologies were developed recently aiming for efficient solutions of clean energy supply; however, a price competitiveness is a biggest drawback. Solar energy is considered as a key solution for environmental challenge, because of its carbon neutral nature and high abundance. The conversion of solar energy to electricity is fulfilled by solar cells based on the photovoltaic effect. Dye‐sensitized solar cells (DSCs) have gained widespread attention because of the ease of fabrication, low production costs and tuneable optical properties, such as colour and transparency [1]. The most attractive properties of DSCs are their low cost and simple manufacturing processes together with their advantageous attributes such as lightweight, low toxicity and good performance in diverse light conditions [2]. ZnO attracted attention as an alternative photoelectrode material for DSCs due to multiple advantages, that is, excellent optoelectronic properties, low cost, easy synthesis, non‐toxicity and others. Moreover, ZnO has the diversity of one‐dimensional (1D) structures, which suggest attractive approach for photoelectrode scaffolding. ZnO nanowire (NW) application as DSC photoelectrode shows multiple advantages, such as higher electron mobility and increased optical way because of refraction; moreover, additional functionalities such as flexible DSCs with the help of ZnO NW photoelectrode can also be obtained. The efficiency of ZnO nanowire DSCs is rapidly increasing in recent years; therefore, the interest in ZnO NW application for DSC is rapidly growing. In order to reach higher efficiency of ZnO NW DSCs, further surface modifications with an additional protective layer of TiO2 or inert materials such as Al2O3 are used. Other possibilities lie in tailoring the morphology of NWs, or employing hybrid structures of ZnO nanowires with other materials. The application of ZnO NW for DSCs is an interesting topic for nanowire community and also to researchers from diverse scientific fields, since much effort was put in this topic, numerous approaches were tried and a definite improvement was reached. Still, there is a need to direct the effort in understanding more deeply the ZnO NW interaction with other materials, processes of light and charge transfer and master the synthesis methods in order to achieve the optimal structure for application in DSCs. This chapter will provide a comprehensive review of the state‐of‐the‐art research activities focused on the synthesis and application of ZnO nanowires for dye‐sensitized solar cells. The first section briefly overviews fundamentals of the DSC and introduces ZnO NW synthesis, divided into vapour and solution phase methods, demonstrating approaches to obtain different ZnO NW morphology. Next, the methods for ZnO NW surface modification are discussed, which include ZnO core‐shell structures with semiconductive layers or protective layers and their benefit for charge and light transport in DSCs. In the last part, we will review ZnO NW hybrid structures with other materials, such as nanoparticles, quantum dots or carbon nanomaterials. The chapter will then conclude with the perspectives and the outlook on the future developments in the ZnO nanowire application for DSCs. 2. Fundamentals of dye‐sensitized solar cells The concept of a dye‐sensitized solar cell was introduced in 1991, by O'Regan and Grätzel [3]. A schematic diagram showing the operation of a typical DSC is shown in Figure 1. Schematic overview of the typical dye‐sensitized solar cell (DSC). Typical DSCs are composed of a transparent conducting oxide (such as fluorine‐doped tin oxide, FTO) on glass, a nanoparticle photoelectrode covered in a monolayer of sensitizing dye, a hole‐conducting electrolyte and a platinum‐coated, FTO‐coated glass back‐contact. Nanoparticles of TiO2 (anatase) are mostly used as photoelectrode, although alternative wide‐band‐gap oxides such as ZnO and SnO2 have also been investigated. A monolayer of the sensitizer is attached to the surface of the nanoparticle photoelectrode. Under illumination, sensitizer photo‐excitation results in the injection of an electron into the conduction band of the oxide. The dye is regenerated by electron donation from the electrolyte, mostly from a redox system (iodide/triiodide couple) in an organic solvent. The regeneration of the sensitizer by iodide intercepts the recapture of the conduction band electron by the oxidized dye. The iodide is regenerated, in turn, by the reduction of triiodide at the counter‐electrode, and the circuit is completed via electron migration through the external load. The voltage, which is obtained under illumination, corresponds to the difference between the Fermi level of the electron in the solid and the redox potential of the electrolyte. Overall, there are no permanent chemical transformations involved in the generation of electric power from light. The photoelectrode serves as a support for sensitizer loading and at the same time transport media of photo‐excited electrons from sensitizer to the external circuit. Hence, to ensure high dye loading, a large surface area is necessary. Moreover, a fast charge‐transport rate is required to ensure high electron collection efficiency. These two properties are the defining characteristics of an ideal photoelectrode [4]. Insight into the factors limiting DSC performance is gained by comparing theoretical cell efficiencies with those of current state‐of‐the‐art cells. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of a solar cell is given as PCE=JscVocFFPin,E1 where Jsc is the absolute value of the current density at short circuit, Voc is the photovoltage at open circuit, FF is the fill factor and Pin is the incident light power density. In principle, the maximum Jsc of a DSC is determined by how well the absorption window of its dye overlaps the solar spectrum. Much of the shortfall is due to the poor absorption of low‐energy photons by available dyes. Thickening of the photoelectrode to increase its optical density in order to improve the absorption of red and near‐infrared light is unsuccessful because the film thickness comes to exceed the electron diffusion length through the nanoparticle network. The dynamic scale of the processes involved in light to electricity conversion (Figure 2) shows that the initial events of electron injection and dye regeneration leading to photoinduced charge separation occur on a femto‐ to nanosecond or microsecond time scale [6], while the electron transport across the photoelectrode takes place within milliseconds or even seconds [7]. However, for the efficient functioning of the DSC, the diffusion length of the electron should be greater than the thickness of the photoelectrode. Electron diffusion length Ln can be expressed through electron lifetime τn and electron diffusion coefficient Dn as Ln=Dn∙τn,E2 Dynamics competition of the processes involved in the conversion of light

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The actual group's cohesiveness is normally inducing these to help you conduct himself or herself around matching etiquette, still while a good outdoors interim employee is definitely assigned towards guidance, only subsequent to an important few time this maltreatment can be visible within a temporary's patterns. Symptoms becoming put into practice are generally not likely within lines having that articles gene therapy in the sleep of your firm together with usually are recognized within just that establishments different departments. All the packing and shipping agency is certainly to be found deeper all over your asset compared with all of any various sectors, management in charge pertaining to supervising wrapping can be treetop woods products dissertation problems spanning ones own main section and additionally getting that long trek to be able to all the appearance unit. Typically the deficiency with relief notice is actually designing a new sense in seclusion and different intended for personnel and also all the remainder for the company. Do essay school everyday life as well as property life desire to help prepare a strong article with Treetop High Merchandise ? We tend to will help! Packaging's negative capabilities egypt that known which causes any overstock which inturn gains inside increased supply charges plus financial risk for damaged items ever since many own to come to be put away external, thus leading to typically the lousy look for your complete item which unfortunately is affecting the actual buyer's determination. To be able to combat that "social loafing", a supplier have to strengthen ideas for indispensability. Performing the following around a cluster would most likely support typically the workers not to mention boost overall performance remarks, hence which will workforce should understand the best way towards boost by themselves simply because perfectly because present these folks a new business realizing regarding exactly what individuals could effectively. Individuals definitely will always be inspired for your operate individuals tend to be doing; at the same time through discovering that company's ambitions some people could currently have any impression involving that belongs to be able to a business. Aiding workers' by means of a fabulous even more set up conditions, Treetop should really use and even educate several brand-new professionals expressly for your presentation department. This can the enormous gameplay essay products on hand expenses, improve creation amounts, improved verbal exchanges amongst various business units, and even improve your suit along with stop about the particular finalized services. Although using a pair of far more software workforce could grow the particular company's bills, the idea will drastically diminish your overtime several hours. To help eliminate added overtime price ranges, managers should want to help you limit personnel overtime, plus maximize output objectives. Choosing these procedures will increase returns expected for you to preset ambitions, as well as get rid of a paninigarilyo essay typer meal as well as crack occasions. To help diminish your overtime will cost you, rules might become set at the actual degree connected with overtime days a good employees is normally made possible that will apply, coupled with the help of a deadline intended for a good exact number from programs. Typically the negative for you to abrupt variations within job practitioners will be resilience your capability connected with consumers to be able to manage correctly on a experience of major change, misfortune, or even risk. To counteract strength, your variations and charged pursuits should always be talked over in addition to described so that you can personnel, certainly meant for improving the particular chances associated with his or her's being successful. Typically the suggesting remedy would come to be for you to combine discipline so that you can all the packing team, the particular lack for appropriate managing is normally that essential subject experiencing Treetop Forest Programs. New control could help special concentration regarding all the wrapping agency, staff slacking might become reduced, expanded lunches in addition to destroys can turn out to be taken off, together with arrangement for you to this area. Appearance personnel is going to achieve printable higher class homework planner perception in self-worth and additionally collectivism as well as any cross-cultural benefit conveying the particular qualification towards which usually people on any lifestyle point out obligation in order to types in order to which in turn many people work, along with to make sure you class balance. Connection need to come to be quickly improved upon among most of divisions towards counter a uneven productivity. Communication might be typically the crucial ingredient to that a resolution trouble regarding the actual commodity costs condition. Second operations ought to select control to come to be immediately in price involving the particular appearance crew. When top relief is typically the bills connected with engaging an important brand-new supervisor tend to be at the same time excessive, they desire towards examine the good sized level connected with overtime hours becoming paid off apart. 1 some other amount useful concept is without a doubt to help you supply a great recent supervisor further adjustments encouraging for more suitable protection plus authority to get the packing and shipping team. While employing and exercising prices are huge, this business should edge through this kind of add-on for the particular long-term. That cutting edge superiors would certainly combat the actual sociable loafing typically the business enterprise is certainly enduring. Managers might possibly possibly be skilled so that you can target upon your stimulus associated with his/her group (rewarding great actions, etc) strengthening workers' for you to get the job done hard to achieve aims and additionally generate your good sense of self-importance around ones own work. The new administrators will certainly as well end up being sensible with regard to restraining the actual workers to help some specific sum regarding overtime hours that they can be able to be able to attain; individuals in addition to administrators should possess a finally defined guide for that consequences with violating that overtime scheme. Your examiner would most likely support your company's norms, eventually getting rid of the self-imposed employees for the crew (the man or women diamond ring market leaders whom bring for a longer period breaks or cracks and additionally expanded noon-time meal periods). Typically the fx broker would likely in addition enhance cluster

serve the living God? 15 And for this cause he is the mediator of the new testament, that by means of death, for the redemption of the transgressions that were under the first testament, they which are called might receive the promise of eternal inheritance. 16 For where a testament is, there must also of necessity be the death of the testator. 7 For a testament is of force after men are dead: otherwise it is of no strength at all while the testator liveth.18 Whereupon neither the first testament was dedicated without blood. 19 For when Moses had spoken every precept to all the people according to the law, he took the blood of calves and of goats, with water, and scarlet wool, and hyssop, and sprinkled both the book, and all the people, 20 Saying, This is the blood of the testament which God hath enjoined unto you. 21 Moreover he sprinkled with blood both the tabernacle, and all the vessels of the ministry. 22 And almost all things are by the law purged with blood; and without shedding of blood is no remission. 23 It was therefore necessary that the patterns of things in the heavens should be purified with these; but the heavenly things themselves with better sacrifices than these.24 For Christ is not entered into the holy places made with hands, which are the figures of the true; but into heaven itself, now to appear in the presence of God for us: 25 Nor yet that he should offer himself often, as the high priest entereth into the holy place every year with blood of others; 26 For then must he often have suffered since the foundation of the world: but now once in the end of the world hath he appeared to put away sin by the sacrifice of himself.27 And as it is appointed unto men once to die, but after this the judgment: 8 So Christ was once offered to bear the sins of many; and unto them that look for him shall he appear the second time without sin unto salvation. The Red Heifer Statute is a Law Picture of the Eternal Godhead Manger Seed Office Jesus first introduced in Genesis 1:26 and Genesis 3:15,21. The Office of the Godhead fulfilled by Jesus is alluded to in Hebrews 13:8. The Leading Edge of the Shadow of the prophecy is once again spreading across Israel to announce the 2nd Advent of Jesus. He first came in a Bethlehem Manger and was rejected on the cross. He ascended to Heaven promising to come again to rule and reign with his saints during his Millennial Reign. The Word provides us with the names of the Manger Child Seed at His Birth in Isaiah 9:6,7. Genesis 1:26 – And God said, Let us make man in our image, after our likeness: and let them have dominion over the fish of the sea, and over the fowl of the air, and over the cattle, and over all the earth, and over every creeping thing that creepeth upon the earth. Genesis 3:15,21 – And I will put enmity between thee and the woman, and between thy seed and her SEED; it shall bruise thy head, and thou shalt bruise HIS heel.. 21. Unto Adam also and to his wife DID THE LORD GOD MAKE COATS OF SKINS, and clothed them. PROPHECY OF SEED'S FIRST ADVENT AND EVENTUAL KINGDOM – Isaiah 9:6,7 – For unto us a child is born, unto us a son is given: and the government shall be upon his shoulder: and his name shall be called Wonderful, Counsellor, The mighty God, The everlasting Father, The Prince of Peace. 7 Of the increase of his government and peace there shall be no end, upon the throne of David, and upon his kingdom, to order it, and to establish it with judgment and with justice from henceforth even for ever. The zeal of the Lord of hosts will perform this. – Micah 5:2 But thou, Bethlehem Ephratah, though thou be little among the thousands of Judah, yet out of thee shall he come forth unto me that is to be ruler in Israel; whose goings forth have been from of old, from everlasting. – CRUCIFIXION REJECTION OF SEED AND KINGDOM BY ISRAEL FROM JESUS' FIRST ADVENT TO HIS SECOND ADVENT – Micah 5:1,3-7 – Now gather thyself in troops, O daughter of troops: he hath laid siege against us: they shall smite the judge of Israel with a rod upon the cheek. Therefore will he give them up, until the time that she which travaileth hath brought forth: then the remnant of his brethren shall return unto the children of Israel. And he shall stand and feed in the strength of the Lord, in the majesty of the name of the Lord his God; and they shall abide: for now shall he be great unto the ends of the earthAnd this man shall be the peace, when the Assyrian shall come into our land: and when he shall tread in our palaces, then shall we raise against him seven shepherds, and eight principal men. And they shall waste the land of Assyria with the sword, and the land of Nimrod in the entrances thereof: thus shall he deliver us from the Assyrian, when he cometh into our land, and when he treadeth within our borders. And the remnant of Jacob shall be in the midst of many people as a dew from the Lord, as the showers upon the grass, that tarrieth not for man, nor waiteth for the sons of men. Daniel 11:40 to 12:1 – And at the time of the end shall the king of the south push at him: and the king of the north shall come against him like a whirlwind, with chariots, and with horsemen, and with many ships; and he shall enter into the countries, and shall overflow and pass over. He shall enter also into the glorious land, and many countries shall be overthrown: but these shall escape out of his hand, even Edom, and Moab, and the chief of the children of Ammon. He shall stretch forth his hand also upon the countries: and the land of Egypt shall not escape. But he shall have power over the treasures of gold and of silver, and over all the precious things of Egypt: and the Libyans and the Ethiopians shall be at his steps. But tidings out of the east and out of the north shall trouble him: therefore he shall go forth with great fury to destroy, and utterly to make away many. And he shall plant the tabernacles of his palace between the seas in the glorious holy mountain; yet he shall come to his end, and none shall help him. And at that time shall Michael stand up, the great prince which standeth for the children of thy people: and there shall be a time of trouble, such as never was since there was a nation even to that same time: and at that time thy people shall be delivered, every one that shall be found written in the book. NUMBER 5AB – ASHES OF THE RED HEIFER SERIES! LAW STATUTE FULFILLED AS GODHEAD FUNCTION! The SEED, in both the Old and New Testaments, contains two Ordinances that describe how God wants to be worshipped in Old Testament Numbers 19:1-22, and in New Testament John 4:24 – God is a Spirit, and they that worship him must worship him must him in Spirit and in truth – I Corinthians 11:1,2 – Be ye followers of me, even as I also am of Christ. Now I praise you brethren, that you remember me in

Anatomy16 SpermatozoaOocytesOvaryEmbryo, MammalianBlastocystOvarian FollicleSemenEgg YolkAcrosomeBlastomeresCleavage Stage, OvumZona PellucidaSpermatogoniaTestisMorulaZygote Organisms5 GentianaAntelopesCocosPhascolarctidaeMice, Inbred ICR Diseases7 Primary Ovarian InsufficiencyInfertilityPrenatal InjuriesInfertility, FemaleInfertility, MaleOligospermiaOvarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome Chemicals and Drugs14 Cryoprotective AgentsPropylene GlycolEthylene GlycolDimethyl SulfoxideGlycerolPropylene GlycolsTromethamineIceRaffinoseDry IceTrehaloseSucroseOrgan Preservation SolutionsAquaporin 3 Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment29 CryopreservationSemen PreservationFertility PreservationTissue PreservationSperm MotilityFertilization in VitroEmbryo TransferReproductive Techniques, AssistedOrgan PreservationBlood PreservationSemen AnalysisSperm RetrievalEmbryo Culture TechniquesSperm Injections, IntracytoplasmicPregnancy RateReproductive TechniquesOocyte RetrievalSperm CountPregnancy OutcomeCell Culture TechniquesInsemination, ArtificialPreservation, BiologicalSpecimen HandlingOvulation InductionOocyte DonationTissue Culture TechniquesTissue and Organ HarvestingCentrifugationSingle Embryo Transfer Phenomena and Processes26 VitrificationFreezingSperm MotilityCell SurvivalTissue SurvivalFertilityPregnancyPregnancy RateIceEmbryo ImplantationSperm CountEjaculationExtreme ColdPregnancy OutcomeLive BirthThermal ConductivityInsemination, ArtificialEmbryonic DevelopmentTime FactorsFertilizationOsmotic PressureEmbryonic and Fetal DevelopmentViviparity, NonmammalianCold TemperatureCell Membrane PermeabilityPregnancy, Multiple Teratology Information Science1 Pregnancy Rate Sperm BanksTissue BanksPregnancy RateIceExtreme ColdCold TemperatureBiological Specimen Banks AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsTechnology, Industry, AgricultureInformation ScienceHealth Care CryopreservationCryoprotective AgentsSemen PreservationVitrificationPropylene GlycolFreezingFertility PreservationEthylene GlycolDimethyl SulfoxideTissue PreservationSperm MotilitySpermatozoaFertilization in VitroEmbryo TransferSperm BanksReproductive Techniques, AssistedOocytesOrgan PreservationOvaryTissue BanksBlood PreservationCell SurvivalSemen AnalysisEmbryo, MammalianBlastocystSperm RetrievalEmbryo Culture TechniquesOvarian FollicleTissue SurvivalGlycerolPropylene GlycolsFertilityPrimary Ovarian InsufficiencySperm Injections, IntracytoplasmicPregnancyPregnancy RateReproductive TechniquesOocyte RetrievalInfertilityPrenatal InjuriesTromethamineSemenIceRaffinoseEmbryo ImplantationEgg YolkSperm CountInfertility, FemaleDry IceAcrosomeBlastomeresCleavage Stage, OvumEjaculationTrehaloseSucroseExtreme ColdPregnancy OutcomeLive BirthZona PellucidaCell Culture TechniquesGentianaThermal ConductivitySpermatogoniaInsemination, ArtificialInfertility, MaleTestisOrgan Preservation SolutionsPreservation, BiologicalEmbryonic DevelopmentOligospermiaTime FactorsSpecimen HandlingOvulation InductionOocyte DonationFertilizationAntelopesMorulaZygoteCocosOsmotic PressurePhascolarctidaeEmbryonic and Fetal DevelopmentTissue Culture TechniquesTissue and Organ HarvestingAquaporin 3Viviparity, NonmammalianCold TemperatureCentrifugationSingle Embryo TransferTeratologyBiological Specimen BanksMice, Inbred ICRCell Membrane PermeabilityPregnancy, MultipleOvarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome Preservation of cells, tissues, organs, or embryos by freezing. In histological preparations, cryopreservation or cryofixation is used to maintain the existing form, structure, and chemical composition of all the constituent elements of the specimens. Cryoprotective Agents Substances that provide protection against the harmful effects of freezing temperatures. Semen Preservation The process by which semen is kept viable outside of the organism from which it was derived (i.e., kept from decay by means of a chemical agent, cooling, or a fluid substitute that mimics the natural state within the organism). Vitrification The transformation of a liquid to a glassy solid i.e., without the formation of crystals during the cooling process. A clear, colorless, viscous organic solvent and diluent used in pharmaceutical preparations. Liquids transforming into solids by the removal of heat. A method of providing future reproductive opportunities before a medical treatment with known risk of loss of fertility. Typically reproductive organs or tissues (e.g., sperm, egg, embryos and ovarian or testicular tissues) are cryopreserved for future use before the medical treatment (e.g., chemotherapy, radiation) begins. A colorless, odorless, viscous dihydroxy alcohol. It has a sweet taste, but is poisonous if ingested. Ethylene glycol is the most important glycol commercially available and is manufactured on a large scale in the United States. It is used as an antifreeze and coolant, in hydraulic fluids, and in the manufacture of low-freezing dynamites and resins. A highly polar organic liquid, that is used widely as a chemical solvent. Because of its ability to penetrate biological membranes, it is used as a vehicle for topical application of pharmaceuticals. It is also used to protect tissue during CRYOPRESERVATION. Dimethyl sulfoxide shows a range of pharmacological activity including analgesia and anti-inflammation. Tissue Preservation The process by which a tissue or aggregate of cells is kept alive outside of the organism from which it was derived (i.e., kept from decay by means of a chemical agent, cooling, or a fluid substitute that mimics the natural state within the organism). Sperm Motility Movement characteristics of SPERMATOZOA in a fresh specimen. It is measured as the percentage of sperms that are moving, and as the percentage of sperms with productive flagellar motion such as rapid, linear, and forward progression. Mature male germ cells derived from SPERMATIDS. As spermatids move toward the lumen of the SEMINIFEROUS TUBULES, they undergo extensive structural changes including the loss of cytoplasm, condensation of CHROMATIN into the SPERM HEAD, formation of the ACROSOME cap, the SPERM MIDPIECE and the SPERM TAIL that provides motility. Fertilization in Vitro An assisted reproductive technique that includes the direct handling and manipulation of oocytes and sperm to achieve fertilization in vitro. The transfer of mammalian embryos from an in vivo or in vitro environment to a suitable host to improve pregnancy or gestational outcome in human or animal. In human fertility treatment programs, preimplantation embryos ranging from the 4-cell stage to the blastocyst stage are transferred to the uterine cavity between 3-5 days after FERTILIZATION IN VITRO. Sperm Banks Centers for acquiring and storing semen. Reproductive Techniques, Assisted Clinical and laboratory techniques used to enhance fertility in humans and animals. Oocytes Female germ cells derived from OOGONIA and termed OOCYTES when they enter MEIOSIS. The primary oocytes begin meiosis but are arrested at the diplotene state until OVULATION at PUBERTY to give rise to haploid secondary oocytes or ova (OVUM). Organ Preservation The process by which organs are kept viable outside of the organism from which they were removed (i.e., kept from decay by means of a chemical agent, cooling, or a fluid substitute that mimics the natural state within the organism). The reproductive organ (GONADS) in female animals. In vertebrates, the ovary contains two functional parts: the OVARIAN FOLLICLE for the production of female germ cells (OOGENESIS); and the endocrine cells (GRANULOSA CELLS; THECA CELLS; and LUTEAL CELLS) for the production of ESTROGENS and PROGESTERONE. Tissue Banks Centers for acquiring, characterizing, and storing organs or tissue for future use. Blood Preservation The process by which blood or its components are kept viable outside of the organism from which they are derived (i.e., kept from decay by means of a chemical agent, cooling, or a fluid substitute that mimics the natural state within the organism). Cell Survival The span of viability of a cell characterized by the capacity to perform certain functions such as metabolism, growth, reproduction, some form of responsiveness, and adaptability. The quality of SEMEN, an indicator of male fertility, can be determined by semen volume, pH, sperm concentration (SPERM COUNT), total sperm number, sperm viability, sperm vigor (SPERM MOTILITY), normal sperm morphology, ACROSOME integrity, and the concentration of WHITE BLOOD CELLS. The entity of a developing mammal (MAMMALS), generally from the cleavage of a ZYGOTE to the end of embryonic differentiation of basic structures. For the human embryo, this represents the first two months of intrauterine development preceding the stages of the FETUS. Blastocyst A post-MORULA preimplantation mammalian embryo that develops from a 32-cell stage into a fluid-filled hollow ball of over a hundred cells. A blastocyst has two distinctive tissues. The outer layer of trophoblasts gives rise to extra-embryonic tissues. The inner cell mass gives rise to the embryonic disc and eventual embryo proper. Sperm Retrieval Procedures to obtain viable sperm from the male reproductive tract, including the TESTES, the EPIDIDYMIS, or the VAS DEFERENS. The technique of maintaining or growing mammalian EMBRYOS in vitro. This method offers an opportunity to observe EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT; METABOLISM; and susceptibility to TERATOGENS. Ovarian Follicle An OOCYTE-containing structure in the cortex of the OVARY. The oocyte is enclosed by a layer of GRANULOSA CELLS providing a nourishing microenvironment (FOLLICULAR FLUID). The number and size of follicles vary depending on the age and reproductive state of the female. The growing follicles are divided into five stages: primary, secondary, tertiary, Graafian, and atretic. Follicular growth and steroidogenesis depend on the presence of GONADOTROPINS. Tissue Survival The span of viability of a tissue or an organ. A trihydroxy sugar alcohol that is an intermediate in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. It is used as a solvent, emollient, pharmaceutical agent, and sweetening agent. Propylene Glycols Derivatives of propylene glycol (1,2-propanediol). They are used as humectants and solvents in pharmaceutical preparations. The capacity to conceive or to induce conception. It may refer to either the male or female. Primary Ovarian Insufficiency Cessation of ovarian function after MENARCHE but before the age of 40, without or with OVARIAN FOLLICLE depletion. It is characterized by the presence of OLIGOMENORRHEA or AMENORRHEA, elevated GONADOTROPINS, and low ESTRADIOL levels. It is a state of female HYPERGONADOTROPIC HYPOGONADISM. Etiologies include genetic defects, autoimmune processes, chemotherapy, radiation, and infections. Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic An assisted fertilization technique consisting of the microinjection of a single viable sperm into an extracted ovum. It is used principally to overcome low sperm

← UK Trade and Inspiration The fine art of fashion retail or "we do that one in red" → Face to a Name: the dementia care revolution unmasked Identi-Knit. Miss the pet you left at home? Here is a miniature twin to comfort you. Made for patients by Nurses and Volunteers at Yeovil District Hospital. One rainy January afternoon, I made my way West to meet up with a business colleague for a long overdue exchange of news. Over coffee in the congenial surroundings of Soho House, Jake Arnold Forster described his work with organisations and inspired individuals to improve care for elderly and dementia patients. Our musings prompted a memory from years earlier, the recollection of a very simple thing that had made my own elderly mother's stay in hospital a far kinder one, after yet another hip operation. Mother used to sit up in bed watching the busy staff rush to and fro' and, being a sociable sort, would occasionally attempt to engage them in conversation, for which there was little time. To keep her occupied and her mind engaged we brought in photographs that she could look at; they might even prompt memories and make her smile. We selected one of her in younger days and propped it up on her bedside table. Implicitly, the hospital staff could see that her dementia and age were simply the most visible facets of the frail lady sitting up in bed, her real persona now less obvious. The photograph that reinforced her identity made a slight but powerful change to how she was perceived; her friendly manner and still sparkling smile were the visible manifestations of an interesting life lived well, something now acknowledged by those who cared for her. Our idea to display her more youthful photograph very simply helped to present the face behind the name and its symptoms. When care staff is faced with unrelenting queues of elderly people it must be hard to recognise the vivacity and light of former years, hidden beneath a demeanour slowed by confusion and dimmed with age. I described to Jake the concept of a simple protocol: ask relatives to provide a sheet of paper featuring a photograph the patient might like best of themselves in younger days. Add three things about them that could start a conversation or just an interesting exchange of words when routine procedures are taking place. "That," said Jake, "is a Campaign." It came to pass, then, that one of his companies COBIC joined forces with Forte Medical to set up Face to a Name. We quickly constructed a Facebook page that immediately attracted followers, contributors and lots of support. Four days later, The Times wrote about Face to a Name; the journalist Tom Knowles, having taken the time to sound out opinion from established Elderly organisations, wrote an optimistic piece that resulted in a marked increase in Facebook traffic. People posted pictures of their elderly relatives, mothers, fathers, uncles and aunts. They wrote things about them that might help in the event of a hospital visit; they confirmed that having followed the idea, the photos and descriptions were helping carers to relate to their relatives with more compassion. The Campaign went viral on Twitter and was boosted enormously through direct contact by people in the medical profession already putting the idea into action. The first was Dr Ros Taylor, CEO of The Hospice of St Francis, Berkhamsted. Here, highly enquiring and structured research is being conducted by by Sarah Russell, Director of Education and Research. Sarah is working on a very similar but more intimate protocol, the results of which are being monitored. The team here applies similar empathy to all other aspects of their work in the most practical manner. Ros and Sarah are keen to collaborate and to help develop the Face to a Name ethos using their detailed knowledge and understanding of a very specialist area of care. Next, Jake reported that Yeovil District Hospital NHS Foundation Trust is also already using photographs and specialist software to improve the lot of Dementia patients in their care. The pilot for their scheme has been pioneered by Janine Valentine, Nurse Consultant in Dementia and Elderly Care and with the backing of Paul Mears, the entrepreneurial and inspired CEO of that Trust, is making amazing progress. A new Dementia ward was recently unveiled by Michael Eavis, whose mother enjoyed superlative care at Yeovil. This new ward has been carefully planned and is astonishing in its light, bright simplicity. Pictures by local photographers grace the walls; a modest exhibition space shows mementos brought in by patients, bringing familiarity and warmth to a clinical setting. The initiative I liked most was the introduction of Identi-Knit dogs, hand made by volunteers to sooth and reassure those patients who have left a pet at home. Last month I visited both St Francis Berkhamsted and Yeovil District Hospital and in both cases was mightily impressed by the thought, research, care and determination with which cleverly simple ideas are being tested, revised, tested and applied … and the cost? Given the seismic shift in quality of care that results from this work, the price tag attached to what both teams are doing is negligible, for it seems that putting a face to a name can make the difference between a sick and deteriorating patient and a happy and recuperating one. So what next? St Francis Berkhamsted and Yeovil District Hospital have been introduced to each other and will share with Face to a Name the effects of their work. In just a few months we will have evidence to show the longer-term results of their simple but highly effective thinking and, more critically, their doing. I am certain that the pioneering work of these Champion organisations is being mirrored by other centres of excellence up and down the land. We must now galvanise those in authority into listening and to implement Face to a Name wherever the elderly are cared for. Even the most basic system can so easily be adopted and adapted by every elderly care setting and woven into the accepted fabric of a standard admissions protocol. The ultimate Face to a Name aim is to build a simple website, where anyone can produce their own document to be stored in a cloud library. The basic three-point information we recommend may be enhanced by the kind of information encouraged by The Alzheimer's Society "This Is Me" document. When a patient arrives in the Elderly or Dementia Ward their Face to a Name information can be quickly and securely accessed by nurses. Now imagine yourself in hospital, aged and unable to communicate with those around you, unable to articulate what you need and when. Think of the dejection, the loneliness, the fear of knowing your wellbeing lies in the hands of someone who sees you only as a blank and wrinkled canvas. If you want to support the national revolution in dementia care, please visit our Facebook page, upload the photograph and information that will help nurses of the future recognise the face behind your name, then "share". The pioneering work of our Champions and others means that Face to a Name has evolved from a Campaign to a Movement, a transition described again by Tom Knowles in yesterday's Times. With your voice behind us too, we can ensure that our Movement translates into the vastly improved care of elderly patients long into the future. After all, one day it could be you. If you are interested in the elderly and dementia care revolution, please visit some of the remarkable people and organisations I have encountered through Face to a Name: CareScape: a groundbreaking scheme for dementia patients and their carers in Crawley My Life Software designed specifically to assist people with dementia and their carers Whose Shoes,

Home Services Vaccinations Chickenpox Vaccination Service Prescription Services Online GP Chickenpox is a very common childhood infection where symptoms are mild and complications rare. Almost all children develop immunity to chickenpox after infection, so they usually only catch it once, it is very rare to catch chickenpox a second time. Chickenpox is less common but more severe in adults. The four main reasons why people vaccinated are: Help reduce the chance of you needing 2-3 weeks off work /school Reduce unnecessary suffering. Complications can include pneumonia, secondary bacterial skin infections and viral meningitis and encephalitis. Reduce scarring (particularly facial), which can persist into adulthood Help reduce the chance of shingles in later life which has its own complications (e.g., post-herpetic neuralgia) The Chickenpox vaccine helps protect against chickenpox that is caused by exposure to the Varicella Zoster virus (VZV), which is transmitted by direct personal contact or by airborne means. The Chickenpox vaccine does not form part of the National Childhood Immunisation Programme, however it is available privately. About the Chickenpox Vaccination Service At Carrigaline CarePlus Pharmacy, we are delighted to now offer a Chickenpox Vaccination Service. We understand that some people may wish to consider vaccination against Varicella zoster virus, either for their children, or themselves if they have never previously had Chickenpox. The chickenpox vaccine contains a weakened chickenpox virus that encourages your body to produce antibodies against the varicella zoster virus. Antibodies are proteins produced by your body to destroy disease and infection. The vaccine protects you from becoming ill if you are infected with chickenpox. However, vaccination against does not form part of the National Childhood Immunisation Programme (for cost reasons mainly). Many other countries routinely fund vaccination of children against Chickenpox. The three main reasons why people vaccinated are: How can I get the Chickenpox Vaccine? The Chickenpox Vaccination Service is available privately for children as young as 14-months up to adults aged 65 years, subject to eligibility criteria at selected CarePlus Pharmacies. The service is offered by specially trained CarePlus Pharmacist vaccinators. Children aged 14 months to 12 years will receive two doses of the vaccine: One dose at their first appointment A second dose at least four weeks after the first dose. People aged 13 to 65 years will receive two doses of the vaccine: A second dose after four to eight weeks The price of each vaccination is €70 (excluding doctor's fee) and subject to you having a valid prescription. How Our Chickenpox Vaccination Service Works Complete a Chickenpox Vaccination Consultation Clinician Review & Confirm Suitability Get your Chickenpox Vaccination at CarePlus Pharmacy Complete your Chickenpox Vaccination Consultation with your doctor. For an online consultation questionnaire with Webdoctor, you can click here *. Once you have completed the online questionnaire with Webdoctor and the vaccination is deemed to be suitable for you, a prescription will be sent to your selected CarePlus Pharmacy or alternatively to another Pharmacy of your choice. You will also be sent a link to book an appointment in your chosen pharmacy for administration of the first dose of the chickenpox vaccine. For those who already have a valid prescription (which includes an administration instruction), please click the "Book Now" button. Get your first chickenpox vaccination at the time you selected for your local CarePlus Pharmacy. Future appointments for the second dose will be scheduled following your first vaccination. You will be required to wait a few minutes post-vaccine for observation. *By clicking on this link, you will leave www.careplus.ie and visit a site that is operated and controlled by a third party. CarePlus Pharmacy is not responsible for the content provided by this third party and disclaims liability for any content, advice or services provided by the third party. Any information you provide to the third-party site will be collected by that third party and not by CarePlus Pharmacy and therefore will be subject to that party's privacy and security policies. More information regarding the Chickenpox vaccine can be found on Vaccine Patient Information Leaflet or on HSE website by clicking here. What causes chickenpox? Chickenpox is caused by a virus, the varicella-zoster virus. How does chickenpox spread? Chickenpox spreads from person to person by direct contact or through the air by coughing or sneezing. It is highly contagious. It can also be spread through direct contact with the fluid from a blister of a person infected with chickenpox, or from direct contact with a sore from a person with shingles. How long does it take to show signs of chickenpox after being exposed? It takes from 10 to 21 days to develop symptoms after being exposed to a person infected with chickenpox. The usual time period is 14–16 days. What are the symptoms of chickenpox? The most common symptoms of chickenpox are rash, fever, coughing, fussiness, headache, and loss of appetite. The rash usually develops on the scalp and body, and then spreads to the face, arms, and legs. The rash usually forms 200–500 itchy blisters in several successive crops. The illness lasts about 5–10 days. How serious is chickenpox? Many cases of chickenpox are mild, but deaths from this disease can occur. Chickenpox also accounts for about 200 hospitalisations each year in Ireland. Even children with average cases of chickenpox are uncomfortable and need to be kept out of creche or school for a week or more. What are possible complications from chickenpox? The most common complication is bacterial infection of the skin or other parts of the body including the bones, lungs, joints, and blood. The virus can also lead to pneumonia or infection of the brain. These complications are rare but serious. Complications are more common in infants, adults, and people with weakened immune systems. How do I know if my child has chickenpox? Usually, chickenpox can be diagnosed by disease history and appearance alone. Adults who need to know if they've had chickenpox in the past can have this determined by a laboratory test. How long is a person with chickenpox contagious? Patients with chickenpox are contagious for 1–2 days before the rash appears and continue to be contagious through the first 4–5 days or until all the blisters are crusted over. Is there a treatment for chickenpox? Most cases of chickenpox in otherwise healthy children are treated with bed rest, fluids, and control of fever. Children with chickenpox should NOT receive the following medication: aspirin because of possible subsequent risk of Reye's syndrome ibuprofen can increase the risk of serious skin infections Paracetamol may be given for fever control. Chickenpox may be treated with an antiviral drug in serious cases, depending on the patient's age and health, the extent of the infection, and the timing of the treatment. How are chickenpox and shingles related? Both chickenpox and shingles are caused by the same virus. After a person has had chickenpox, the virus remains in the body permanently, but silently. About one-third of all people who have been infected with chickenpox later develop the disease known as herpes zoster, or shingles. Symptoms of shingles are pain, itching, blisters, and loss of feeling along a nerve. Most cases occur in people older than 50, and the risk of developing shingles increases with age. Who should have the vaccine? In Ireland the chickenpox vaccine is not currently part of the routine childhood schedule. It is recommended for those in close contact with people who are particularly at risk of complications from chickenpox. This includes: Healthcare workers of all kinds who are not immune to chickenpox Healthy family members and contacts of people without a fully working immune system (for example, those with HIV, those without a spleen, people who have had an organ transplant, and those receiving chemotherapy treatment). As the chickenpox vaccine is a live vaccine, people without a fully working immune system cannot receive the vaccine themselves. In Ireland the vaccine is given to adults and children over the age of one year. Two doses are given, at least 4 weeks apart. The exact spacing between doses depends on the age of the person receiving the vaccine. Who should not have

rights of people with disabilities. It provides protection from discrimination against individuals on the basis of disability. Covered under the ADA are a wide range of disabilities, and a person with a disability is defined as anyone with a physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more major life activities. These include physical conditions that affect mobility, stamina, sight, hearing, and speech, as well as emotional illnesses and learning disorders. The ADA addresses access of individuals with disabilities to the workplace (Title I), state and local government services (Title II), and places of public accommodation and commercial facilities (Title III). In addition, phone companies are required, under the ADA, to provide telecommunications services for people who have hearing or speech impairments (Title IV). Title I, which deals with employment of individuals with disabilities, requires that employers do not discriminate against qualified individuals with disabilities and that they reasonably accommodate the disabilities of qualified applicants and employees by modifying work stations and equipment, unless undue burden should result. Title II, which deals with public services, requires that state and local governments do not discriminate based on disability and that they ensure that their buildings are accessible, that new and altered streets and pedestrian walkways contain curb cuts at intersections, and that each service or program is operated so that it is readily accessible to and usable by individuals with disabilities. In addition, this title requires that transit facilities, buses and rail vehicles, key stations in rail systems, Amtrak stations, and vehicles for demand response systems be made accessible, unless certain exceptions apply. Title III, which deals with public accommodations, requires that restaurants, hotels, theaters, shopping malls, retail stores, museums, libraries, parks, private schools, and day care centers, among other places of public accommodation, do not discriminate based on disability. Any alterations to existing places of public accommodation are required to be done in an accessible manner. Moreover, new busses for specified public transportation must be accessible, and elevators must meet certain conditions. Title IV, which covers telecommunications, states that telephone companies must provide telecommunications relay services for hearing-impaired and speech-impaired individuals 24 hours per day. The ADA has had a significant impact on American society, allowing individuals with disabilities to pursue opportunities that were not available to them in the past. One of the largest groups affected by the ADA is employers, who must both reasonably accommodate the needs of employees with disabilities and refrain from discriminating against them. If an employer fails to comply with the ADA, the employee can sue, forcing the company to comply or pay damages. In addition, state and local government bodies, educational institutions, and virtually any place of public accommodation or employment are directly affected by the ADA and must comply with the regulations. The Annenberg Washington Program, a nonprofit institute in communication studies, met in 1994 and expanded upon a previously published white paper in which it stated its initial findings that the average cost of most ADA accommodations was approximately $36, a much lower amount than many anticipated. The program found that the impact of the ADA on American businesses did not create onerous legal burdens, as many believed would be the case, but rather has provided a framework for employers and employees for dispute avoidance and resolution. Overall, the ADA has had a positive impact on society. The ADA has also taken a push approach toward addressing issues of accessibility. The push is for the businesses and organizations themselves to devise solutions based on the requirements set forth in the ADA. Electronic Industries Alliance (EIA) Standards: EIA- 608 and EIA-708 The EIA-608 standard specifies the use of closed-captions in analog TV signals. EIA-608 addressed the lack of standards for Line 21 closed-captioning, to ensure that new decoders would all work the same way and that captioners could create captions that would appear in a consistent and predictable manner on every TV set. The Television Data Systems Committee of the EIA enhanced the Line 21 system by adding new characters and assigning codes that would allow the center of the screen to be used for captioning. They also allowed roll-up captions, for the first time enabling real-time captions to be placed somewhere other than the bottom of the screen. This work became known as the EIA-608 standard, and all captioning software and all TV receivers built after July 1993 were required to comply with it. When digital television (DTV) was developed, a new need arose for the ability to change the size of the caption display—making the captions larger and more readable or smaller and less obtrusive. The conversion of closed-captions for service with digital was necessary. This need could not be accommodated in the EIA-608 standard, and thus the EIA-708 standard was introduced. The current version, EIA-708B, covers two areas. It defines how captioned data are to be encoded and transmitted (known as the transmission protocol or transmission layer). It also defines where in a DTV signal the caption data are to be placed, the bandwidth allocated, and the format of the data. The second area is the display protocol, which determines how captions are displayed on the screen of a DTV. The 708 captioning format was designed to allow for the use of the entire unicode set, which includes every character in the alphabet in any language plus the complete range of symbols. Almost any program can thus be captioned. Many groups are affected by the introduction of the EIA-708 standard. Manufacturers are affected because the Decoder Circuitry Act of 1990 states that "[d]igital television receivers and tuners must be capable of decoding closed-captioning information that is delivered pursuant to the industry standard EIA-708-B." This Act requires the FCC to update its rules for decoders as new technologies such as DTV are developed. Television broadcasters are also largely affected by the new 708 captioning format, because the pressure is building to produce new programming with digital closed-captions based on this standard. Broadcasters and producers must begin devising plans to make this move and invest in the equipment they will need to do so. Also significantly affected are the viewers with auditory impairments who will benefit from much greater flexibility and a higher quality of captioning with the EIA-708 standard. A push approach toward the development of a new standard has been taken in the movement from EIA-608 to EIA-708 captioning. After developing the new standard, the EIA put the responsibility on the broadcasters and producers to comply with these standards in their captioning. This push to move from EIA-608 (analog) to EIA-708 (digital) has brought many improvements to closed-captioning. Television viewers can now control the size of the caption text. In addition, EIA-708 offers more letters and symbols, supports multiple fonts and text and background colors, and allows the viewer to replace the traditional black-box background with a colored box or do away with it entirely. Also, EIA-708 increases the data rate by 16 times over that provided by EIA-608, allowing DTV captions to contain much more information. However, most DTV content currently still relies on the EIA-608 standard captions that have been converted to the EIA-708 format, because the consumer base of DTV receivers is not yet high enough to justify the added expense of native EIA-708 encoding. The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) was first enacted in 1975. The Act was passed to ensure that students with disabilities receive free, appropriate public education and the related services and support they need to achieve in the least restricted environment appropriate to their individual needs. IDEA was created to help states and school districts meet requirements for educating children with disabilities and to pay part of the expenses of doing so. IDEA consists of three parts: Part B

The concept of environmentalism is almost inevitably coupled to sacrifice and responsibility. In order to reduce our disruption of nature, we are provided with lists upon lists of things we should not do. We should not take long showers. We should not forget to turn the lights off before we leave a room. It's as if we are at war with nature, constantly striking deals, promising to give up our carelessness and guilty pleasures in return for a longer shot at existence. While accountability is a crucial part of environmentalism, this negative focus tends to turn people away and does not produce results that are at a large enough scale to create significant changes. Instead, environmentalism has the potential to be, and in many cases, already is, positive, ambitious, and incredibly creative. We should not pursue environmental goals as a desperate last defense. They should represent a step forward, towards attaining greater efficiency and utility in everything we do. Environmentalism should aid us, not stand in our way, of becoming greater than we have ever been before. By mimicking nature's design principles, engineers and scientists are creating products that are perfectly adapted to solve problems we face today. Over billions of years, evolution has driven forms to fit their functions. The silk that spiders secrete to spin their webs is the perfect example. It is capable of withstanding the force of wind, the forces exerted by insects trapped in the web, and more1, thereby facilitating the spider's unique existence. Many of the needs served by nature's elegant solutions are shared by us, in the human world. The science of biomimicry aims to imitate nature and yield materials and products that are both more green and better performers than their conventional alternatives. In the future, artificial spider silk could be a component of cars, causing dents created by accidents to spontaneously disappear.2 The possibilities are limitless. Of all the biomimicry projects undertaken, the creation of the artificial leaf is arguably the most imagined and the most anticipated. The concept behind it is simple. An artificial leaf, like its natural brethren, uses sunlight to decompose water into hydrogen and oxygen.3 Either the energy produced by the process or the resultant hydrogen gas can be used to generate fuel. While burning fuels such as coal and gasoline produces carbon dioxide, the consumption of hydrogen fuel only produces water vapor, a cleaner alternative. Companies such as Toyota have already designed viable hydrogen-fueled cars.4 Until now, however, obtaining inexpensive hydrogen gas has been problematic. With the development of the artificial leaf, the production of hydrogen could become very practical, leading to a larger market for hydrogen-powered vehicles. In a paper published on September 30, 2011, Dr. Daniel Nocera of MIT revealed that he had taken the idea even further by creating the first practical artificial leaf. While the leaf designed by Dr. Fan's team modified an existing organic leaf, this artificial leaf is composed entirely of three inorganic components. The base of the "leaf" is a thin silicon wafer, which converts sunlight into an electric current, much like a solar cell.6 This electric current also results in the production of "holes" or electron vacancies that travel through the system. These holes use the second component of the artificial leaf, a cobalt-based catalyst, to strip electrons off water molecules, decomposing water into hydrogen and oxygen.7 Oxygen is released out of the side of the wafer on which the catalyst is bound. The other side of the wafer contains a nickel-molybdenum-zinc alloy, which releases hydrogen gas through the other side. These reactions can occur when the artificial leaf is placed in a glass of ordinary water.6 In order to harness the energy produced, a barrier can be constructed separating the two sides of the cell, so that hydrogen ions can stream into one side and oxygen ions the other. Therefore, hydrogen and oxygen can be stored separately, and recombined to generate electricity in a fuel cell.7 While the splitting of a molecule of water is an endothermic reaction that requires energy, the synthesis of water is an exothermic reaction, which releases energy for us to use. In nature, sunlight absorbed by a leaf results in the photoexcitation of electrons, which leave behind regions of electron vacancies, the holes. These holes are then captured by the oxygen evolving complex to oxidize water and reduce nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) into nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide hydride (NADH). Nocera's artificial leaf uses the cobalt-oxygen evolving catalyst as a functional model of a leaf's photosystem II10 , thereby mimicking photosynthesis. Similarly, the recombination of hydrogen and oxygen in a fuel cell can be compared to respiration, where the flow of hydrogen ions down their electrochemical gradient results in both the release of energy and the formation of water. The most amazing aspect of Nocera's artificial leaf is how practical it is. The leaf is only made of non-corrosive, earth-abundant materials, such as silicon and cobalt. Furthermore, it is about the size of a poker card,9 lightweight, and requires no wires or external circuits. In the laboratory, the artificial leaf has been able to generate power continuously for 45 hours without a drop in performance, partially due to the self-healing nature of the cobalt catalyst, which reforms its cobalt oxide clusters whenever they are degraded by the reactions. Not only could the leaf one day combat the threat of global warming; it could also make energy both affordable and accessible. If the technology works the way it is expected to, rural villages in remote areas of developing countries will be able to power their homes with ease, just by placing the artificial leaf in a gallon of water in bright sunlight and connecting the system to a fuel cell. This could result in dramatic transformations. Easy access to electricity gives rise to an increased standards of living, as well as access to information through communication devices like cell phones and computers. Nocera and the Tata group, an Indian multinational conglomerate, have signed an agreement aimed at commercialization.10 Nevertheless, the question of whether the artificial leaf can be useful still remains. An analysis commissioned by the US Department of Energy has determined that the leaf is capable of producing solar hydrogen at a lower cost than an array of photovoltaic panels connected to catalyst-coated electrodes.11,12 Therefore, the main challenge facing the artificial leaf is not the cost or feasibility of production, but instead, how efficiently the system can use solar energy, while keeping costs low. The artificial leaf is more efficient than a natural leaf, which only converts 1% of the sunlight it receives into energy, but not by much. Nocera reports an efficiency of 2.5% without wires and 4.7% with wires.12 Commercial solar panels, on the other hand, display efficiencies upwards of 10%.5 The semiconducting solar cell, not the catalysts, are responsible for most of the energy loss, and in order for Nocera's catalysts to have any impact in terms of photoelectrical hydrogen production, better semi-conductors must be used. However, better semi-conductors are expensive and will significantly drive up the cost of producing the artificial leaf. Currently, Nocera's team is testing a higher quality crystalline silicon for the semiconductor. They also plan on improving efficiency by increasing the conductance of the surrounding solution and punching small holes in the semi-conductor to facilitate proton flow.12 Without a great increase in efficiency that brings the number reported into the teens, the artificial leaf will never be able to meet the needs of an American home, though it might be able to power energy-light homes in third-world countries. Systems to collect, store, and use both the oxygen and the hydrogen gas produced by the artificial remain to be developed,5 indicating that the technology is only

2021 Market Outlook – Setting the stage Ooi Boon Peng, Head of Investment Strategies and Kelvin Blacklock, Head of Eastspring Portfolio Advisors set the stage for our 2021 Market Outlook by sharing their perspectives on policy settings, potential changes in market leadership and lessons from 2020 which investors can bring into the new year. Q. What is your central scenario and what are the potential risks? Kelvin: After the initial acceleration from the trough in Q1 2020, global growth has moderated as economies are unable to return to pre-COVID-19 levels of activity. We expect this to continue into 2021 until a vaccine is made available to the public, potentially in Q2 - Q3. This would cause global growth to re-accelerate. We do not expect Quantitative Easing (QE) programmes to be further expanded or extended as economies recover, unless market volatility rises sharply. Despite growth returning in the second half of 2021, any rise in core inflation is likely to be relatively muted and unlikely to prompt a policy response. Rates will probably not rise for several years. Fiscal policy is becoming the main tool for policy makers to support growth and there is broad political consensus for this globally. So, we expect fiscal policy to also support growth in 2021. See Fig. 1. Fig. 1. Both Democrats and Republicans are supportive of fiscal stimulus Improving fundamentals and business sentiment will be supportive of equities. Although current global equity valuations may appear expensive, such over valuation can persist, and equities can appreciate further. In addition, price earnings ratios have been elevated by both the decline in earnings, and one of the quickest recoveries in stock prices ever experienced. Valuations can normalise as earnings recover alongside the economy in 2021. The main risks are a delay in the vaccine and/or intensifying waves of infections in key economies which can cause global growth to decelerate and even contract in 2021. As output gaps remain large, rising deflationary pressures also present a key risk for highly indebted economies and companies. Q. How do you see fiscal and monetary policies changing in 2021 and what are the implications for markets? Boon Peng: 2020 would go down as the year of the "Great Contraction". Due to the COVID-19 outbreak, global GDP is estimated to shrink 4.0% while the US economy is expected to contract about 3.5-4.0%. Substantial fiscal measures in the form of employment & business support have helped prevent double-digit GDP contractions in 2020, leading to a rise in government debt levels. At the point of writing1, a resurgence of COVID-19 cases is pushing many countries to impose renewed lockdowns, which will weigh on consumer & business sentiment. Without a vaccine, the ongoing health overhang posed by the COVID-19 pandemic will persist. Fresh stimulus measures would be required to support the economies in 2021. While governments remain committed to more pump priming - the magnitude of support needed may have to be as great as in 2020 to ensure positive growth in the new year. In the US, a divided government implies that the size of the stimulus would be more moderate than under a "blue wave", but the amount would still be meaningfully substantial. The Eurozone's continued suspension of its fiscal rules suggests that fiscal policy would remain accommodative in 2021, to the tune of 4% of GDP. It would be more challenging for the emerging economies to continue with the same level of fiscal spending in 2021. To help finance widening fiscal deficits, emerging economies' central banks have purchased domestic government debt albeit to a much lesser extent than the Federal Reserve (Fed) in GDP terms. Those economies with debt to GDP ratios that are close to or have breached the 60% threshold, such as Brazil or India, are limited in their ability to borrow and spend further without triggering a sell-off in their currencies or bond markets. There are limits to the extent of debt monetisation that Emerging Market (EM) central banks can carry out versus the developed economies which enjoy reserve currency status. Hence, the successful development and wide distribution of a vaccine will be key for EM in 2021. Without this, EM equity and bond markets are likely to face headwinds versus their developed market peers. Within EM, Emerging Asia is in a stronger position as it boasts healthier balance sheets, and is benefitting from the global recovery in exports. China is a prime example. Following its successful management of the COVID-19 outbreak, China's industrial production has rebounded with the global export recovery. Given the significant progress in vaccine research and development, I believe that a viable vaccine would be available by mid-2021. This bodes well for a strong recovery in the second half of the year. In the meantime, global central banks will keep rates low. Some of the Asian central banks (e.g. Bank of Indonesia) still have room to cut rates given the relatively high level of real rates. Such easy monetary conditions will help underpin asset markets over the long term. Q. Will central banks start losing credibility if the unprecedented level of monetary support continues into 2021? Boon Peng: Without a turnaround in the COVID-19 situation and hence a rebound in global growth, central banks are likely to keep monetary policy as accommodative as possible. As many of them have a pure inflation mandate (e.g. European Central Bank (ECB), Bank of Thailand), the current state of low inflation or even deflation from a contracting economy justifies their stance. As mentioned earlier, if required, Developed Market central banks such as the Fed, Bank of Japan (BOJ) and ECB can continue their QE programmes and purchase domestic debt without significant investor "pushback". This is because of their reserve currency status. Their defence against accusations of debt monetisation suggests that QE is an emergency measure which would be unwound when conditions normalise. On the other hand, there is less patience and tolerance for EM central banks to undertake QE. At the point of writing, investors have expressed concerns over central banks' bond purchases leading to some steepening of the long-end yield curve in the US and EM. Q. Do you expect shifts in market leadership? Kelvin: We do not anticipate valuations to be a headwind for the US equity market until later in 2021. We expect earnings to recover in EMs although this will likely be driven by China. Declining global macro risks and the unwinding of significant long positions in USD assets which were part of the crisis measures would provide a tailwind for EM currencies, and in turn EM equity markets. That said, some of the smaller EM equity markets could struggle, given lower fiscal stimulus and being potentially last in line for the vaccine. Those with high fiscal and current account deficits may also see their currencies under pressure. Technological disruption, which has accelerated following the onset of the pandemic, will continue. Investors however may need to be more selective going forward, given the strong run of many tech and tech-enabled companies in 2020. Increasing regulation & taxation could also be a risk for this sector. Growth stocks would need to deliver against lofty earnings expectations to maintain their high valuations so there is a chance of earnings disappointments leading to a reversal of their recent outperformance. On the other hand, cyclical/value stocks could benefit if the economic backdrop improves as per our central scenario. This includes materials, real estate, consumer discretionary and industrials. The long underperformance of value versus growth stocks has resulted in an unprecedented valuation gap so a pick up in earnings momentum, underpinned by the economic recovery, can help narrow the valuation gap between value and growth stocks in 2021. Q. Will inflation return and how should investors navigate this backdrop? Boon Peng: We need a strong and timely recovery in GDP in order for

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When I post my Top 150, I'll have lists for traditional, PPR and touchdown leagues. I'll also have notifications if a player is better or worse in one of those scoring systems. A key for these notifications is at the bottom of the page. Tom Brady, Patriots I doubt Tom Brady breaks records again, but he will definitely put up monstrous numbers as long as Randy Moss is healthy. He's the only quarterback worth taking in the first round of your fantasy league. Projected 2008 Fantasy Stats: 4,400 passing yards. 37 passing TDs. 80 rushing yards. 1 rushing TD. Projected 2008 Fantasy Points: 456. Peyton Manning, Colts Despite losing Marvin Harrison for 11 games, Peyton Manning was still able to maintain elite production, throwing for 4,040 yards and 31 touchdowns. He may not be king of the fantasy quarterbacks any longer, but that makes him a better value pick. Projected 2008 Fantasy Stats: 4,250 passing yards. 32 passing TDs. 30 rushing yards. 3 rushing TDs. Tony Romo, Cowboys Tony Romo was one of my sleepers last year. Sounds silly to say that now, but he wasn't drafted until the eighth round in some leagues. I predicted Romo to throw for 4,150 yards and 25 touchdowns. Romo beat my projections, compiling 4,211 yards and 36 scores. He's the No. 3 fantasy quarterback, but watch out for his December struggles. I lost in the semifinals in one of my leagues despite having the best record, only because Romo didn't do anything against the Eagles in Week 15. That said, there seems to be a moderately sized gap between the top three guys and the next tier. For that reason, getting Tom Brady, Peyton Manning or Romo should be a goal of yours. Just make sure you don't reach or anything. AUG. 23 UPDATE: I picked the Cowboys to win the Super Bowl, so I can't say I was surprised to see Tony Romo start 15-of-19 for 166 yards, one touchdown and an interception in the first half. One of Romo's incompletions was a long bomb to Terrell Owens, as Romo missed T.O. by a few feet. Romo's pick was a terrible decision on his part, but they play these preseason games for a reason. Projected 2008 Fantasy Stats: 4,150 passing yards. 31 passing TDs. 130 rushing yards. 2 rushing TDs. Drew Brees, Saints Drew Brees set the NFL single-season record for completions in 2007 with 443. Despite an increase of about 90 from the year before, Brees had only 10 more passing yards than he had in 2006. This was because he spent all of September using his checkdowns and refusing to go deep. This changed later in the year, so look for a similar campaign from Brees in terms of yardage and touchdowns. As a plus, Jeremy Shockey can only help Brees' fantasy status. AUG. 8 UPDATE: Drew Brees threw one touchdown and nine interceptions during New Orleans' 0-4 start last year. Based on his performance on Thursday, it doesn't look like that's going to happen again. Brees looked really sharp in his only drive, going 6-of-7 for 40 yards and a touchdown - and without Marques Colston and Jeremy Shockey. AUG. 28 UPDATE: Drew Brees is in Pro Bowl form. He went 14-of-22 for 199 yards and a touchdown. He made a number of great throws, including a 35-yard sideline fade to Lance Moore. Brees just dropped the ball into Moore's lap and there was nothing Bengals corner Jonathan Joseph could do about it. Carson Palmer, Bengals Carson Palmer threw for 4,131 yards (coming very close to my projected 4,150) and 26 touchdowns in 2007. Sounds great, but factor this in: Six of those scores came in a crazy 51-45 loss to Cleveland. From Week 13 to 16, Palmer had just two touchdowns and topped 190 yards once. Because he was paired with a clown and several criminals, Palmer wasn't the most reliable quarterback in the NFL. The convicts are gone, while Chad Johnson will be drawn to the reporters at training camp like mosquitoes are to blood. With no running game, Palmer will once again air it out early and often. He's a sleeper because publications like ESPN's Fantasy Football guide are ranking him lower than he should be. AUG. 18 UPDATE: Carson Palmer was 6-of-13 for 50 yards and an interception. That's not bad considering he was pressured on almost every single play, and he didn't have the services of T.J. Houshmandzadeh, Chad Johnson (injured on the first drive) and Rudi Johnson. Palmer was throwing to guys like Marcus Maxwell, Antonio Chatman, Glenn Holt and Daniel Coats. Who? Exactly. AUG. 28 UPDATE: The Bengals managed just one first down to New Orleans' eight in the first quarter. They also had only 22 yards to the Saints' 152. Guess we'll know what happens if both T.J. Houshmandzadeh and Chad Johnson get hurt during the regular season. Neither played in this contest. Carson Palmer still managed to go 11-of-16 for 105 yards, though he was sacked thrice. Ben Roethlisberger, Steelers Prior to the 2007 season, Ben Roethlisberger had never thrown more than 18 touchdowns. New offensive coordinator Bruce Arians opened up the offense and turned Roethlisberger into a fantasy star. Big Ben had just 3,154 yards, but threw for 32 touchdowns. I don't expect him to match that total, as the running game will have more success in the red zone, but he'll be in the mid-20s. AUG. 27 UPDATE: Ben Roethlisberger was 10-of-17 for just 65 yards. He had to take some short stuff because Minnesota's defensive line made things really difficult for him. However, Roethlisberger threw behind a few of his receivers, particularly in the red zone. Jay Cutler, Broncos Jay Cutler put up respectable numbers in 2007 (3,497 yards and 20 touchdowns), but he struggled at times. Turns out he had Type I Diabetes, which would explain why he ballooned up to 245 in August and dropped to 202 in December. Cutler's diet has improved to fit his needs, so look for a possible break-out year for the Vanderbilt product. A sleeper quarterback I will be targeting after the first few rounds. JULY 27 UPDATE: The NFL Network's Adam Schefter reports that Brandon Marshall could be suspended for four to eight games, as

We are Richard Garfield, creator of Magic the Gathering, and the gaming pioneers (CEOs, Producers, Writers, etc.) behind BioShock, Card Hunter, Peggle 2, MetalStorm, Battle Nations, Trade Nations, and more. AUsA! We are a diverse team of pioneers in the gaming industry with decades of experience. Collectively, we've created or helped create some of the most innovative games in recent memory including Magic: The Gathering, BioShock, Card Hunter, MetalStorm, Battle Nations, Trade Nations and much much more! We are here to announce that DropForge Games (www.dropforge.com) will be taking Card Hunter (www.cardhunter.com) to tablet. Card Hunter is an award winning browser-based RPG/collectible card game by Blue Manchu Studios which is being re-imagined for tablet by Dropforge Games, an autonomous Wargaming-backed mobile gaming startup based in Bellevue, WA. David Bluhm (Reddit: CardHunter_David) - David is a longtime veteran of the mobile gaming industry and is currently the CEO of Dropforge Games. Prior to Dropforge, he served as CEO of Z2, the mobile gaming company behind Metal Storm, Battle Nations, and Trade Nations. In total, David has founded, cofounded or held senior positions in dozens of startup companies resulting in 2 IPOs, 7 acquisitions and over $32 billion in high water market value. Joe McDonagh (Reddit: CardHunterJoe) - Joe is the VP of Studio at Dropforge Games. Prior to Dropforge, he was a senior designer and writer on Card Hunter. Prior to that he was the Executive Producer at Popcap Games for Peggle, the company Creative Director at LucasArts, and Director of Creative Development at Irrational, where he worked on BioShock and BioShock Infinite winning. Joe is also the co-recipient of the Game Developers Choice Award for Best Narrative for his work with BioShock. Jon Chey (Reddit: cardhunter-jon) - Head of Blue Manchu, the studio behind Card Hunter (browser). Previously: co-founder of Irrational Games, director of development on BioShock, producer of System Shock 2 and designer of Freedom Force. Cut his chops at Looking Glass where he worked on Thief and Flight Unlimited 2, and wrote 5 lines of code for Terra Nova. We will begin fielding questions at 2pm EDT. Ask us anything about Card Hunter, mobile gaming, the future of gaming, and whatever else you want! Please direct specific questions with @Cardhunter, @David, @Joe, @ Jon, and @Richard tags. The team is off on lunchbreak! Keep asking and upvoting your questions. We'll be back to answer your questions later in the day! Years ago, I saw a guy in a Greyhound station who looked just like you. I went up to him, and said, "You know, you look just like Richard Garfield. He's a famous mathematician." He replied, "Isn't that an oxymoron?" Was it you or not? I have always wondered. I am guessing that it wasn't me, though I certainly might have forgotten. Very few people have recognized and approached me outside a game convention. At what point did you realize that Magic: The Gathering was huge? Also, what was the next Magic series going to be after The Gathering before you got stuck with the name? @Richard, what is your favorite magic card? My favorite Magic card is Shaharazed (sp?) I really like the flavor and the surprising metagame affect of the card. I like cards that break rules you don't realize you can break. My favorite Shahradaz deck was from back in the days where there were no card limits. It was something like 25 Shahradazs, 25 plains and 25 mox pearls. I'll let you figure out how it works but it takes a LONG time to defeat your opponent. Have you ever played with your card from Unhinged? Did you have a say in its design? I did have a say in it - in fact if memory serves I was asked to create one and had several that I wasn't happy with when that one was proposed. @Richard, Where do you see/hope MTG goes in the future with respect to design? Any mechanic or setting you have been wanting to see? Are Goblins the best tribe or the greatest tribe? That is a trick question. Goblins are the best AND greatest tribe. When I gunsling at conventions I bring a handmade deck with mechanics I want to see but think are impossible to make in Magic (except perhaps an unglued version). Cards using dice was one expansion. My favorite however, are cards which steal your opponents cards and put them in your deck - and put cards from your deck in your opponents. For example, 'letter bomb, which is shuffled into your opponents deck and when drawn does damage. And enchantments that give you life every time you draw a card that didn't start the game in your deck. Etc. Etc. How to you feel about the prices Magic cards demand on the secondary market, particularly chase cards from recent sets and staple cards from the older sets (Black Lotus being the most egregious example)? In other words, do you wish that Magic was an overall cheaper hobby so that more players could afford to play, or are you satisfied with with with how it currently works out? I wish it was cheaper, but am not super unhappy with it, In the early days when there was lots of card speculation I >was< super unhappy until the market crashed and players could afford to play. For casual players it really isn't a problem - they don't need a lot of cards, I know play groups that get a box of boosters for the group and draft them again and again, then incorporate them in their decks and that can last a long long time. To be a high level player is expensive - but when you compare it to other hobbies - like skiing say, it is doesn't compare poorly. It seems ok that games which are taken that seriously are in the category with skiing rather than monopoly - which you play every once in a while. @Richard What's your opinion on planeswalkers? I am not a fan. That said - I think they are pretty exciting and fun to play with. I don't like them because I see every game as having a complexity budget - you can add complexity to your game but you have to make sure it is work it - and planeswalkers blew what I would have seen as several expansions worth of complexity. The investment wasn't worthless - there was a lot of playvalue that emerged from the investment, but for that investment I expect more. @Richard - In regards to Magic, what was your biggest "I wouldn't have done that" moment for a decision that wasn't your call that, positively or negatively, altered the game in a major way? Probably Ultra Rare cards. Other nominees are legends (can only play with 1 in play) and planeswalkers. I stil don't like some of these, but none are as bad as I thought - for example, I don't like ultra rares because I want the game to be affordable for players and I gauge that by the cost of the highest level decks. Ultra Rares are expensive - but their existence also brings down the cost of rares, so... I still don't like it but I do see the appeal for some players, and it isn't as bad as I anticipated. Are there plans for a standalone desktop version of Card Hunter? As a person with a terribly slow home internet connection it has been impossible to play the game in my browser. Yes! We're working on it at this very moment. We actually build a stand alone client as part of our regular build process and now we just need to polish that up and make sure that it works 100%. It's mostly there but there are a few little issues like pizza purchasing and reconnection stuff. Once those are ironed out we just need

we put together from a kit, Burke bent over beside her, avuncular and kindly. The greenhouse has rows of light-green pots maybe two inches in diameter, a line of small lightbulbs and transparent plastic walls. It sits on our windowsill. Lena had said she wanted to grow a beanstalk, so Burke brought her several kinds of beans to plant. He cautioned her the stalk might not be large enough to climb on; it might not reach the sky. She nodded and told him that was just as well, because she didn't want to meet a giant or a giantess, she didn't want to hear a cannibal giant say "Fee, fi, fo, fum. I smell the blood of an Englishman." She isn't an Englishman, she said to Burke, but she still thought the giant might want her, even if she's a girl and an American. She didn't want to hear that giant talk about smelling blood. Burke patted her head. "I promise, sweetie," he said, "there won't be any giants speaking to you from this beanstalk." As soon as he said it his face went pale. He stood there for a few seconds and sat down heavily on my bed, leaned over and stuck his head between his knees. I was taken aback—Burke had seemed more solid and self-assured lately, seemed to require less comforting. "Are you OK?" I asked, leaning over him, laying my hand against his back and taking it off self-consciously. He looked up and nodded. "Sorry," he said. "Panic-attack type . . . sorry. I'm fine. Heading back to my room." Lena cocked her head, confused; I watched the door close behind him. "Here," I said, picking up a library picture book on plants, "let's read this part about how seeds germinate. Most seeds contain an embryo and food package . . ." IT OCCURRED TO ME, reading about the transmigration of souls, that my early assumption of some kind of nonhuman power or supernatural omniscience had been impressively unfounded. It might have been just a person's thoughts that had got loose, the memories or knowledge base of, say, some overeducated, possibly unhinged individual whose stream of consciousness flowed along carrying the debris of a lifetime. Could be that Lena caught the ruminations of a scientist or scholar. Maybe this is a ghost story after all. Or maybe the information that's now carried by so many frequencies just caught in her as it passed, lodged in her body—the live feed of a humble taxpayer somewhere, erudite but alive. Maybe some unseen field around my infant simply filtered particles from the immense cloud of content carried by those millions of waves that pass through us all the time. THE SISTERS FROM Vermont, it turns out, aren't sisters from Vermont: I'm bad at pegging guests' identities. Their teeth aren't even protruding, just large and blocky, and they're cousins from somewhere on the mid-Atlantic coast near Baltimore. Both of them are named Linda, a name that's common in their extended family; they're in their early fifties, friendly, good-natured and hearty. One is an administrator at a university while the other is retired from her career at a famous aquarium in Florida where marine animals do tricks for crowds. When the Lindas went to town for groceries today we hitched a ride with them. They dropped us off at the library so Lena could exchange her picture books—one of which is too young for her, about a bear who's a splendid friend, the other of which turned out to feature cows rising in armed revolt. (They hold roughly drawn Uzis in their hooves; this puzzled Lena's literal mind due to the cows' lack of opposable thumbs.) To answer the question of the guests who don't leave I have to be more outgoing than I have been until now, so I'm trying. The Lindas, being friendly, are helpful in this chore. Big Linda, as Lena calls her, told us about someone she knew who was bitten by a bull sea lion. "Right on the keester, kiddo. And let me tell you it made a mighty broad target," she chortled. She told Lena that performing seals at zoos and aquariums are not seals at all but sea lions; that some sea lions work for the U.S. Navy, finding things in the ocean; and that male sea lions can be four times the size of the females—weighing, put in the other Linda, up to one thousand pounds. That's half a ton. Lena calls the other one Main Linda because she met her first. Main Linda goes swimming in very cold water, Lena said to me, once every year to help raise money for the Special Olympics. Lena's resolved to join her in one of these polar bear plunges, as she calls them. I have to restrain her from practicing. The Lindas have embraced their nicknames. When the two of us finished at the library we walked over to the local diner to have lunch. A beefy middle-aged man sat down beside us at the counter—beside Lena, I should say, with me on her other side. He ordered a Reuben, introduced himself as John and proceeded to engage her in a conversation about her gold and silver metallic markers. He was inoffensive, on the face of it, a neighborly fellow patron, yet I thought I detected something off-color in his expression as he glanced over the top of her head at me, a hint of a leer, some glint of beady self-interest. So I hurried Lena at her lunch a bit. We shared a piece of sickly-sweet cherry pie for dessert, leaving bright jelly smears on the plate. Then we left, with the beefy man smiling after us as the door swung to. Big Linda was waiting for us in her bulky car; Main Linda, who was buying birdseed in the hardware store down the block, remained to be picked up. "Big Linda?" said Lena hesitantly, as we pulled away from the curb. "Do sea lions have really sharp teeth?" While we waited in the car again, this time outside the hardware store, the two of them discussed sea lion dentition, a subject that was, to me, of limited interest. I sank into the warm seat in a half-dream, full of the sickly-sweet pie, grown even more sickly in retrospect, and mused on my attraction to the town's librarian, who seems out of place here. He's good-looking; his skin is a coffee shade but the geometry of his face seems less African than Eastern, maybe Malaysian or Indian, I don't know. It's noteworthy mostly because there aren't too many colorful immigrants in this part of Maine—in some parts there are Somalis and Asians but around here most everyone I've seen is plain old white. When Mainers rise up against immigration it's often been Canadians they accuse of stealing jobs; once Maine loggers blockaded the Canadian border. I stared out the window, which was fogged up and yielded no defined shapes, only hazy panels of white and gray. I realized I was thinking of sex, of the idea of sex or rather, to be precise, the idea of no sex—no sex at all. I mulled over my asexual existence as a mother, gazing at the foggy window, mulled over the asexual existence of many mothers, whose bodies, formerly toasted politely as sex objects when not worshiped outright, had been diverted from the sexual to the post-sexual. In the natural plumpness of motherhood they were summarily dropped by male society like so much fast-food detritus in a mall food court. I wondered if it was impossible that I would ever be a sex object again, if I should embrace that impossibility or try to reclaim my status as a sex object—by, say, enrolling in pole-dancing classes as one of my old college friends had

Blog › Why Choose Cruelty-Free & Vegan Skincare? Why Choose Cruelty-Free & Vegan Skincare? By Abby Vinas • Acne Treatment Skin care is the biggest segment in the beauty industry, with global sales expected to gross $130 billion by 2019. Dominating such a large portion of the market and occupying so much aisle space, cosmetic and skin care companies are cutting corners to keep up with demand and competition. In addition to increasing the amount of chemicals used as preservatives to extend shelf life, companies are performing tests on animals to get quick and easy research. Some people might mistake this as a harmless practice, but in a public survey conducted by the Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine (PCRM), 72 percent of those surveyed believe that testing cosmetics on animals is unethical. By the time these products make their way onto shelves, they've been deemed as "Safe" for use. Yet, nearly all skin care products and acne treatments come with a warning label which suggests avoiding direct eye contact and to seek medical attention for allergic reactions. This is because the new products being manufactured in our science-inspired cosmetic era contain many powerful, synthetic compounds that pack a big punch. No one can be truly sure how each individual will react to a given chemical, and tests on animals are used to make these conjectures. Is Animal Testing Common? Tens of thousands of rabbits, guinea pigs, mice, and rats are still subjected to painful tests each year to bring eye shadow, shaving creams, acne treatments and skincare products to American stores. The data collected from animal testing tips off manufacturers as to which ingredients act as skin irritants, and they'll measure these known irritants in different quantities on animals to determine their safety versus effectiveness. Just because a product might not display any warning signs physically doesn't mean it poses no inward danger. For example, oral retinoids, such as isotretinoin (a prescription acne treatment previously sold under the brand name Accutane), are known to cause birth defects. That data was confirmed by animal testing research in 1988, and almost 30 years later, similar animal testing is underway in laboratories across the states. The good news? Awareness regarding these unethical practices is on the rise. Some countries have banned animal testing, and the PCRM survey suggests a growing dissidence in countries where it still remains legal, such as the United States. You've likely seen the labels "vegan" or "cruelty-free" on your skincare products; let's delve into the reasons behind these labels and why they matter for your skincare regimen. The History of Skin Care The practice of skin decoration and care dates back to early history, with the first official written record clocking in nearly six millennia ago. Ancient Egyptians and Skin Care Ancient Egypt was a culture renowned for its knowledge and use of cosmetics and ointments, and we remember Cleopatra as famed for her beauty—and her unusual beauty regimens. Fueled by the abundance offered from the Nile River, advancements in writing, agriculture, and urbanization soon lead to the development of herbal medicines, tinctures, and treatments using botanical ingredients. The Egyptians used these products on their skin, holding body-care and cleanliness to such importance that it transcended economic status. Records reveal that body oil was applied daily by nearly all citizens as a form of moisturizer and protection. As far back as 3,000 BC, people considered healthy, hydrated skin to be beautiful. This was no easy feat in such an arid climate, and to keep their skin supple and smooth, they harnessed the powers of the natural ingredients surrounding them. When the Greeks invaded Egypt, they were very interested in their medical knowledge, but Egyptian priests refused to divulge the 'secrets' of their sacred oils. Under the mounting pressure of Alexander the Great, they eventually released some misinformation and half-truths. Some theorize that this marks the first, irrevocable step in disseminated misinformation related to skincare products. The Dark Ages and Renaissance Eras The Dark Ages and Renaissance saw new priorities: the desire for light, pale skin. Toxic whitening powders containing lead, and sometimes arsenic, were common. Layer upon layer would be applied to the skin, and when it finally came time for removal, water wasn't enough. Instead, men and women relied on acidic substances such as wine and vinegar to take it off. Within this period of blatant disregard for skin health, mercury was often used to obtain blemish-free complexion. The French Revolution During the French Revolution, public disgust with King Louie and Marie Antoinette's reign caused a backlash against such artificial practices. Instead, the masses opted for a natural radiance, and again used natural skincare ingredients such as oatmeal to achieve it. Moving into the Industrial Revolution, the skincare of the early modern period began to look like it does today: a multi-step process of with a variety of carefully formulated products. Assembly-line production made soap widely available, but it was often too harsh for most skin. Tonics and serums, often containing borax, were applied before makeup and occasionally oil-based compounds were applied before bed in the hopes that saturation would help fill wrinkles. 1960s Through Present Day It wasn't until the 1960s that science was applied to skincare per the result of the space race. Unfortunately, that led to decades in which potentially hazardous, synthetic ingredients were commonly-used materials. In 1944, the Draize eye and skin irritancy tests were developed by toxicologists within the United States' Food and Drug Administration (FDA). These tests—which dripped products into animals' eyes, causing redness, swelling, discharge, and ulceration—became the immediate gold standard for safety assessment. The immense animal suffering was eventually noticed by advocates such as Henry Spira in the 1980s, who successfully campaigned against companies such as Revlon to stop using the Draize test. For decades since, animal welfare advocates have been trying to end the testing of personal care products on animals with varying degrees of success. So far, 37 countries have banned or severely limited the sale of cosmetics that contain ingredients tested on animals, and as the PCRM survey indicates, a majority of people within the United States disagree with animal testing. Nonetheless, despite public opinion, the U.S.—the country who invented the Draize test—is one of the few countries who continue to use it 70 years later. Animal Testing Today In the United States, no law requires companies to test their products on animals, but some corporations continue to pay for tests in which animals are tormented and killed. Why? In most cases, they're looking to sell their products in China, a country that mandates animal testing on most products. It's difficult to read and learn about the graphic details involved in animal testing, but awareness is key. It's important to understand how "vegan" and "cruelty free" apply to skin care—and why they matter. "Cruelty-Free" Products If you're wondering how to keep skin clear, look for cruelty-free skincare options like bioClarity. It's our mission is to create products that are kind, and that includes being kind to animals. We are proud to be Leaping Bunny Certified, which is the gold standard for cruelty-free certifications! The immense amount of pain and suffering resulting from such experiments is well-documented. In the eye version of the Draize test, rabbits are placed in restraining stocks so they cannot struggle or wipe their eyes. In the skin version, products are applied onto the shaved backs of rabbits to check for irritation that either kills them, or subsides for wash out and reuse. These tests aren't always accurate. The human eye, whose cornea is thicker and accounts for 7% of the eye's surface, is quite different than a rabbit's eye, whose cornea occupies 25%. These dissimilarities could account for the hundreds of incidents that have been recorded in which accidental human eye exposure to household products did not correlate with data from Draize eye tests. The

bit of hatred then stop reading now and go get it then come back here. ill wait....(literally waiting like a dumbass right now)...ok everyone ready? good. so I got an email from one of the guys in the band yesterday and they dropped a new song and all I can say fffuuuuuckin mother fuck fuck this shit is good. this song is a little more straight forward blackened thrash than the ep but its just as great. less of a punk vibe on this. no one would, or should, argue that goatwhore is one of the most hateful bands around right now and im happy to say this track leads me to believe that wormwitch is headed down that same path. this shit kills. further solidifies my statement about these guys being the best new band ive heard in a long time. not sure about a release date on new material yet, but you can check out the new track below. listen to this. throat punch a stranger while listening to this. repeatedly. Tags: Black Metal, wormwitch Rochester City Police Department- Why Are You At A Party If You're A Cop EP (2015) Genre: Hardcore, Punk, Powerviolence, Emoviolence, Grindcore Rochester City Police Department is a four piece band from Rochester, NY who formed in early 2015, from the looks of things. Rochester City Police Department play a killer style of music that incorporates elements of hardcore, punk, powerviolence, emoviolence, and grindcore within their sound. Musically, Rochester City Police Department can be said to be influenced by bands such as Some Girls, Ampere, Capacities, Orchid, Left For Dead, and other like-minded bands. Why Are You At A Party If You're A Cop is Rochester City Police Department's latest eight track EP, which was released via bandcamp on June 16th, 2015. On Why Are You At A Party If You're A Cop, Rochester Police Department offer up eight tracks of scathing and unhinged hardcore, punk, crust, powerviolence, emoviolence, and grindcore. Overall, Why Are You At A Party If You're A Cop is a killer EP and should not be missed. Great stuff. Enjoy! Rochester City Police Department on Bandcamp Tags: Crust, Emoviolence, Grindcore, Hardcore, Powerviolence, Punk, Rochester City Police Department (U.S.) Spinebreaker-Ice Grave LP (2016) Label: Creator/Destructor Spinebreaker is a five piece band from San Jose, CA who formed in late 2013, from the looks of things. Spinebreaker play a killer style of music that incorporates elements of hardcore, punk, crust, and black metal within their sound. Musically, Spinebreaker can be loosely compared to bands such as Harms Way, Gatekeeper, Xibalba, and other like-minded bands. Ice Grave is Spinebreaker's debut full-length LP, which was released via Creator/Destructor records on January 16th, 2016. On Ice Grave, Spinebreaker offer up eleven tracks of blackened, metallic, and heavy as fuck hardcore, punk, black metal, and crust. Overall, Ice Grave is a killer LP and should not be missed. Highly recommended! Enjoy! Spinebreaker on Bandcamp Spinebreaker on Facebook Creator/Destructor Records on Bandcamp Tags: Black Metal, CA, Creator/Destructor Records, Crust, Hardcore, Punk, Spinebreaker (U.S.) Atrament-Eternal Downfall LP (2015) Genre: Black Metal, Punk, Crust, D-Beat Label: Sentient Ruin Laboratories/Broken Limbs/Argento Records Atrament is a four piece band from Oakland, CA who formed in 2015. Atrament features members of Moral Void, Black September, Necrot, Abstracter and Vastum Atrament play a raw, filthy, and brutal as fuck sounding style of music that incorporates elements of black metal, punk, crust, and d-beat within their sound. Since their inception in 2015, Atrament have released a two song demo in August of 2015. Eternal Downfall is Atrament's debut full-length LP, which is slated for release via Sentient Ruin Laboratories records on March 4th, 2016. On Eternal Downfall, Atrament offer up eleven tracks of vicious and caustic as fuck sounding black metal, punk, crust, and d-beat. Overall, Eternal Downfall is an amazing LP and should not be missed. Highly recommended! Enjoy! Atrament on Bandcamp Atrament on Facebook Purchase via Sentient Ruin Purchase via Broken Limbs Recordings Tags: Argento Records, Atrament, Black Metal, Broken Limbs, CA, Crust, D-Beat, Punk, Sentient Ruin (U.S.) Night Sins-Days On Shimmer And Drip 12" (2015) Genre: Post Punk, Dark Wave Label: Funeral Party Rercords Here's the newest 12" from Philadelphia, PA's Night Sins. I'll keep this simple and spare you the biography for the band this time around because I'm sure most of you are very familiar with Night Sins as of now. Just in case you don't know, Night Sins is a two piece band comprised of members of Youth Attack alum Salvation. With that said, Night Sins play a dark, moody, and eerie style of post punk and dark wave. Days On Shimmer And Drip is the band's latest five song EP, which was released via Funeral Party records on October 31st, 2015. On Days On Shimmer And Drip, Night Sins offer up five tracks of dark and gloomy post punk/dark wave that's an abasolute must listen for fans of Cold Cave, Anne, and other like-minded bands. Overall, Days On Shimmer And Drip is a killer EP and should not be missed. Highly recommended! Enjoy! Night Sins on Bandcamp Night Sins on Facebook Tags: Dark Wave, Funeral Party Records, Night Sins, PA, Post Punk Terrible Love-Change Nothing EP (2016) Genre: Hardcore, Punk, Post Hardcore Terrible Love is a new band from London, United Kingdom who formed in late 2015, from the looks of things. Terrible Love features former members of Goodtime Boys, Bastions, Funeral For A Friend, Grappler, and Crocus. Terrible Love play a dark and tense style of music that incorporates elements of hardcore, punk, and post hardcore within their sound. Musically, Terrible Love can be loosely compared to bands such as Defeater, Svalbard, My Fictions, and other like-minded bands. Change Nothing is the band's debut five song EP, which was released digitally via Bandcamp on January 16th, 2016. On their debut EP, Terrible Love offer up five tracks of dark and moody sounding hardcore, punk, and post hardcore. Overall, Change Nothing is a killer EP and should not be missed. Terrible Love on Bandcamp Terrible Love on Facebook Tags: Hardcore, Post Hardcore, Punk, Terrible Love, UK Cows-Cunning Stunts LP (Reissue 2016) Genre: Punk, Noise Rock Label: Amphetamine Reprtile Cows were a noise rock band from Minneapolis, Minnesota. The band formed in 1987 and disbanded in 1998. They were known for a unique mixture of punk rock and blues played with large amounts of noise and surreal humour; their music is often considered noise rock. Cunning Stunts was Cows' fifth album, which was released via Amphetamine Reptile records back in 1991. As far as classic punk tinged noise rock bands are concerned, Cows were probably one of the best to come out of the AmRep noise scene in the 1990's. Cunning Stunts was an album I used to spin when in high school and college, so I was absolutely floored to see this album get the reissue treatment. Cunning Stunts features twelve tracks of bluesy punk and noise rock. Overall, Stunning Cunts was probably Cows' best album they ever recorded. Cunning Stunts actually sounds great and definitely stands up to the test of time and does not really sound dated, which is definitely a good thing in my book. Highly recommended! Enjoy! Tags: AmRep Records, Cows, Minn, Noise Rock, Punk FFO: 90'S METALCORE ill make no secret about my love of metalcore. the era approximately between 1994 to 1999. that era is golden as far as im concerned. it was a big part of my teenage years and into my 20s. its where my love of converge and zao started. 2 of my top 5 favorite bands. and really outside of faith no more and the melvins its what ive spent the majority of my time listening to. that era of the genre that is. its hung with me the longest. the second album, "abomination", by ascension is one of the best albums to come from that era. these

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mid-March with the Sydney meeting. The advantage of finishing my season prematurely is I can enjoy one month more of hard training working on my endurance, heavy lifting and hurdling technique than I typically would.. This will hopefully allow me to come out firing on all cylinders at the World University Games and at two or three meets that follow in an effort to snag that World Championship qualification time. Looking in the shorter term, I certainly hope for better at Sydney than I experienced at the same meet 12 months ago. There I decided to take on board baking soda tablets, a pre-race approach adopted by many hurdlers to raise blood PH levels which can have the advantage of delaying the effects of lactic acid when racing. This can often help athletes in the latter stages of races, however, it doesn't work for everyone and I had a very bad experience in Sydney. I found that the baking soda caused me to cramp quite badly in the call room before the race, which spread into my chest and I found breathing difficult. Thankfully a doctor was on hand to arrive with some orange juice which is quite acidic and offset the effects of the baking soda - an alkaline. Luckily the worst effects of the cramping settled down, but I was so fatigued by the time of the race I ran 52.89 and finished seventh - more than three seconds slower than my national record! Let's just say I'm hoping for better this weekend and with a lesson learned I'll never try taking on board baking soda before a race again! Away from the track in the middle of February I started a graduate diploma in ecology and biology at Massey University. As readers of my previous blogs will know I'm a keen birdwatcher and ecology and biology is a subject matter I find really fascinating. So to find out a little more behind the science behind it all is very interesting. Also in February I and a group of Auckland-based athletes were given the opportunity to meet Seb Coe, the former two-time Olympic 1500m champion and world record holder for 800m. Seb arrived for a few days in New Zealand as part as of his global campaign in his bid to win the race to be the next IAAF President and it was really cool to be given the chance to meet him. I knew of Seb, and I was aware he was a legend in the sport. Yet even I was surprised when I read that his PB for 800m was 1:41.73 – that is really moving. Pre NZ Track & Field Championship blogs With the New Zealand Track & Field Championships just days away our five bloggers update on where they are at and their hopes and expectations for the prestigious meet in Wellington. Holly Robinson – Para-javelin ace hoping to maintain outstanding form in Wellington I go into New Zealand Track & Field Championships full of confidence and raring to compete having just enjoyed the best three weeks of my career so far. At Porritt Classic in Hamilton, I bettered my personal best by 0.69m - set in Beijing last year - with a 36.27m throw. Then at Canterbury Championships I threw 36.49m to continue my recent improvement. A big factor in my positive run of performances I attribute to my psychological approach to competitions – an area I have received some assistance from mental skills trainer Natalie Van Leeuwen. I frequently get caught up during competitions in multiple technical aspects, which sometimes only serve to confuse when I throw. What Nat has taught me is to focus on just one aspect, which is having the desired effect. I'm throwing very consistently as also illustrated by the fact that between Porritt and Canterbury Championships I threw 35.58 at Otago Championships – to match my previous PB set in Beijing 2014. I move on to national championships excited by what I can do. The main priority is to defend my para-title and be competitive in the open senior women's category and while I don't like to fixate on a distance - for me to go out and throw a PB of 37m something would be awesome. Siositina Hakeai – Is seeking to find the rhythm in a top quality discus battle I'm feeling good and training well, but unfortunately I've been struggling with my rhythm in the circle in recent weeks. At the Waikato/BoP Championships in Hamilton last month I was really happy for my training partner, Te Rina Keenan, who threw a PB of 60.78m but I was very frustrated with the way I performed (Siositina threw 55.53m). I just feel like I am trying to force a 60m throw instead of relaxing and it just happening. The good news is I've been in this situation before and I know I can turn it around quickly. Two weeks out from the Commonwealth Games I was also struggling with my rhythm but I worked hard on my technique and with the help of my coach Matt Dallow we manged to fix the problem. In Glasgow I then threw well to claim fourth spot, so that fills me with optimism my rhythm can return again soon. I also performed better at the Auckland Track Challenge to win with 57.99m, so I know my form is heading in the right direction. I'm feeling healthier having now lost 10kg since I started a strict diet back in November and I am a lot faster in the circle. Winning the New Zealand title for the fourth successive time would mean a lot to me. It will be no easy task with Te Rina in great form, but I'm looking forward to the competition in Wellington and I'm hungry for success. Michael Cochrane – The National 400m hurdles record holder is looking forward to his tasty clash with Cameron French. Since my last Athletics NZ blog, I've claimed three victories in my three 400m hurdles and a quicker time in each outing so it is safe to say I'm feeling very satisfied with my preparations for New Zealand Track & Field Championships. I started out with a solid 50.95 in Hobart and although I ran much quicker in Canberra (50.21), I don't think I've ever finished a race so puffed and feeling quite so exhausted. One factor which may have contributed to this was the slight altitude of the Australian capital, but it is more likely that my endurance was lacking because the main focus during the winter months was working on and developing my speed and strength. The performance in Canberra forced me into a back to basics approach to endurance training. Now twice a week I go out for a 2km run at full speed before I run 6x100m at maximum speed on the track. It is hardly a scientific approach to training, but I definitely feel it has helped me feel a lot stronger for my next outing in Adelaide two weeks later. In South Australia I ran 50.15 – the fifth fastest time in my career – and although it was only marginally quicker than in Canberra I felt comparitively like I had a lot more to give at the end of the race and it fills me with optimism that a sub-50 second time is just around the corner. Leading into nationals I'm looking forward to the challenge and taking on Cameron French, who has been in outstanding form (Cameron ran a PB of 50.04 at Auckland Championships to move up to number four on the all-time NZ lists for the event) and I'm sure the fact we are racing each other will only bring the best out of each of us. I was disappointed last year to

reviewing the collections of information. OMB Number: 0651-0031. Title: Patent Processing (Updating). Form Numbers: PTO/SB/08, PTO/SB/17i, PTO/SB/17P, PTO/SB/21-27, PTO/ SB/24A, PTO/SB/24B, PTO/SB/30-32, PTO/SB/35-39, PTO/SB/42-43, PTO/SB/ 61-64, PTO/SB/64a, PTO/SB/67-68, PTO/SB/91-92, PTO/SB/96-97, PTO-2053- A/B, PTO-2054-A/B, PTO-2055-A/B, PTOL 413A. Type of Review: Approved through July of 2006. Affected Public: Individuals or Households, Business or Other For- Profit Institutions, Not-for-Profit Institutions, Farms, Federal Government and State, Local and Tribal Governments. Estimated Number of Respondents: 2,317,539. Estimated Time Per Response: 1.8 minutes to 12 hours. Estimated Total Annual Burden Hours: 2,807,641 hours. Needs and Uses: During the processing of an application for a patent, the applicant/agent may be required or desire to submit additional information to the United States Patent and Trademark Office concerning the examination of a specific application. The specific information required or which may be submitted includes: Information Disclosures and documents, requests for extensions of time, the establishment of small entity status, abandonment and revival of abandoned applications, disclaimers, appeals, expedited examination of design applications, transmittal forms, requests to inspect, copy and access patent applications, publication requests, and certificates of mailing, transmittals, and submission of priority documents and amendments. Interested persons are requested to send comments regarding these information collections, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to: (1) The Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs, Office of Management and Budget, New Executive Office Building, Room 10202, 725 17th Street, NW., Washington, DC 20503, Attention: Desk Officer for the Patent and Trademark Office; and (2) Robert J. Spar, Director, Office of Patent Legal Administration, Commissioner for Patents, P.O. Box 1450, Alexandria, VA 22313-1450. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, no person is required to respond to nor shall a person be subject to a penalty for failure to comply with a collection of information subject to the requirements of the Paperwork Reduction Act unless that collection of information displays a currently valid OMB control number. List of Subjects in 37 CFR Part 1 Administrative practice and procedure, Courts, Freedom of Information, Inventions and patents, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements, Small businesses. For the reasons set forth in the preamble, 37 CFR Part 1 is proposed to be amended as follows: PART 1--RULES OF PRACTICE IN PATENT CASES 1. The authority citation for 37 CFR Part 1 continues to read as Authority: 35 U.S.C. 2(b)(2). 2. Section 1.17 is amended by revising paragraphs (h) and (p) to Sec. 1.17 Patent application and reexamination processing fees. (h) For filing a petition under one of the following sections which refers to this paragraph: $130.00 Sec. 1.19(g)--to request documents in a form other than provided in this part. Sec. 1.84--for accepting color drawings or photographs. Sec. 1.91--for entry of a model or exhibit. Sec. 1.98(a)(3)(iii)(B)--for filing a petition to withdraw a reexamination proceeding from the publication process. Sec. 1.102(d)--to make an application special. Sec. 1.138(c)--to expressly abandon an application to avoid publication. Sec. 1.313--to withdraw an application from issue. Sec. 1.314--to defer issuance of a patent. (p) For a submission under Sec. 1.99(b): $180.00 3. Section 1.48 is amended by revising its heading and paragraph (h), and by adding a new paragraph (k) to read as follows: Sec. 1.48 Correction of inventorship in a patent application, other than a reissue application, pursuant to 35 U.S.C. 116, a change in the order of the inventors' names, or a change in the spelling, or an updating of an inventor's name. (h) Reissue applications and reexamination proceedings not covered. The provisions of this section do not apply to reissue applications or to reexamination proceedings. See Secs. 1.171 and 1.175 for correction of inventorship in a patent via a reissue application. See Sec. 1.530(l) for correction of inventorship in a patent via an ex parte or inter partes reexamination proceeding. (k) Certain changes of inventors' names (excluding reissue applications and patents). 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(a) * * * (2) The claim for priority and the certified copy of the foreign application specified in 35 U.S.C. 119(b) or PCT Rule 17 must, in any event be filed before the patent is granted. If the claim for priority or the certified copy of the foreign application is filed after the date the issue fee is paid, it must be accompanied by the processing fee set forth in Sec. 1.17(i). If the patent did not publish with the priority claim, the amendment adding the priority claim will not be effective unless corrected by a certificate of correction under 35 U.S.C. 255 and Sec. 1.323. 5. Section 1.56 is amended by adding new paragraph (f) to read as Sec. 1.56 Duty to disclose information material to patentability. 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listen and to engage in dialogue, and there has to be some degree of mutual respect and equality between the two parties. When there is a gross disparity of wealth, power and privilege, such as exists between Israel and Palestine, dialogue is very difficult. In fact the arrogance and selfishness of the rich nations, and the ever-widening gap between them and the rest of the world, generate feelings of resentment and discontent. In Islam a rich man does not merely have a duty to distribute some of his wealth to the poor, but the poor have a right to a share in his wealth. The discrepancy between the rich nations and the poor is now so great that the wealth of the world's three richest families is said to be equal to that of 600 million people living in the world's poorest countries. Those who see religious, cultural and ethnic diversity as a blessing, and who share the view of the Chief Rabbi Jonathan Sacks that "no one creed has a monopoly of spiritual truth; no one civilisation encompasses all the spiritual, ethical, and artistic expressions of mankind," must find the middle way between religious fanaticism and fanatical secularism. It is essential, as His Royal Highness Prince Hassan of Jordan has said, that we promote a dialogue of civilisations, and that we should not allow extremists to highjack Islam or any other religion. It is vitally important, especially in the light of current events, to refute those shallow secularists who regard religion itself as inevitably divisive, and to rediscover the ethical principles upon which all the great spiritual traditions are based. It is not simply a matter of respecting religious differences; we have to recover the practical spiritual wisdom that unites us and makes us human. As Martin Luther King said, "our loyalties must become ecumenical rather than sectional. Every nation must now develop an overriding loyalty to mankind as a whole in order to preserve the best in their individual societies." This vision of a just and peaceful multi-religious society can never be achieved without the active cooperation of the mass media. In my faith tradition the Holy Qur'an commands believers for interfaith co-operation "to come to common grounds" (3:64). As a Muslim I have been ordered to build good relations with all people of the world (49:13 & (16:40); work for peace everywhere and whenever possible with others (2:208) & 8:61); cooperate with others in furthering virtue and God–consciousness (5:2); seek and secure human welfare, promote justice and peace (4:114); do good to others (28:77) and not to break promises made to others (16:91). The Holy Qur'an tells believers that those who do good deeds and help others are the best creation (98:6). The Holy Prophet of Islam made it clear that "Religion is man's treatment of other fellow-beings" (Bukhari & Muslim); and "the best among you is he who does good deeds in serving other people" (Ahmad & Tabrani). The Prophet of Islam (May the peace of God be upon him) practiced this ideal for interfaith dialogue himself while talking to Jews, Christians and other faith traditions, as well as people with no faith on issues concerning life, death and relevant matters. The Prophet of Islam confirmed this in writing explicitly in the Charter of Medina in 622 CE. The Holy Qur'an not only recognized religious pluralism as accepting other groups as legitimate socio-religious communities but also accepting their spirituality. The preservation of the sanctity of the places of worship of other faiths is paramount in Islamic tradition (22:40). The Holy Qur'an is full of many examples but time does not permit me to dwell on this. In Search of a Common Ground: Commonality among religions is, for some, highly contentious issue and especially leaders of a particular religion assert truth of their own religion and reject truth-claim of other religions. This is quite common especially among those religions, which believe in conversion. Conversion is possible only when truth-claim of ones own religion is established. In one of the inter-faith conferences, a religious leader said we do not accept pluralism as it implies truth of all religions; we accept only co-existence. Of course co-existence with reservations about truth-claim of other religions is certainly better than existence with conflict but accepting truth-claim of all religions is much higher than mere co-existence. For accepting truth-claims we generally go by popular practices rather than scriptural scriptures. Muslims and Christians, for example, judge Hinduism,, by idol worship of Hindus and since Islam and Christianity reject idol worship, their leaders tend to concern it. Similarly other religions reject truth claim of Islam and Christianity and they too form their opinion on the basis of what they observe from popular practices among Muslims and Christians. The question is: is this a valid way of judging truth-claim of religions? Are popular practices necessarily supported by scriptural sources and where do these popular practices come from? Some religions are totally indigenous and some are universal though carry imprints of indigenous culture. But no religion, however universal, can be completely devoid of local cultural influences. But religions, which are universal, transcend indigenous cultural practices and incorporate universal principles and values. If we take these universal principles and values and compare them one will find very little difference in religions. Thus a student of comparative religion should be very careful while comparing any two or more religions and should clearly distinguish between popular practices which are more cultural than religious and core philosophy and values. Let us take Hinduism and Islam. We normally associate Hinduism with polytheism and Islam with monotheism, Hinduism with multiple gods and goddesses and Islam with one God (called tawhid). Much controversy arises or is made out of the question of values; what is meant by 'values'? Which values are good and which bad, if any? Which values are to be tolerated even if their rightness is controversial? Has one a right to express and teach values? Can any science or doctrine be neutral with regard to values? These are key issues of psychic and social development, not facts merely to observe and describe. The essential goodness of human nature is ultimately something for us to reach out to together, through discovering, experiencing and further developing it personally. Progress in this direction invokes many kinds of feedback from others in one's personal sphere of experience, which strengthen the conviction that, despite all, values are a human heritage, while anti-values are but the result of ignorance as to our this heritage and shortcomings in so far discovering and pursuing our true destiny, whether individually or collectively. Religious conflict, particularly between Islam and Christianity in the past, or more recent conflict between Israel and Palestine, more often than not rose out of human excesses and the desire to stir religious passion to support political goals. It is true that these Abrahamic religions (Islam / Judaism / Christianity) advance a slightly different conceptualisation of God and of humanity's relation to the divine, but doctrinal differences are not limited to inter-religious relationships. One can find more doctrinal diversity within each of these world religions that between them. Muslims, Jews and Christian share similar core values of respect of human life and dignity, and profound commitment to charity and the common good. There are five common values in all major religions and faiths of World. That honesty and sincerity, compassion and love, sacrifice and selflessness, a sense of justice and a sense of fairness, patience and perseverance are values, which all religions cherish, is to state the obvious. Likewise, there is no religion that does not regard human dignity and mutual respect, modesty and humility, moderation and restraint, a sense of balance, and a sense of propriety as

their future needs. I therefore say to the Minister: "Let us make a commitment. Let us hear that from you to end the scandal, to belatedly make amends, to make it right, to make it fair, and, with no irony intended, to make it equitable for all those who have suffered." Clive Lewis (Norwich South) (Lab) I thank the hon. Member for Harrow East (Bob Blackman) for securing this debate, which has been thoughtful and considered. Both he and my hon. Friend the Member for Leeds North East (Fabian Hamilton) have persisted to ensure that this important issue remains high on the political agenda over the years. They have worked tirelessly and they should be commended by this House. The hon. Member for Harrow East set out the situation clearly, and it is a very unsettling picture. Hon. Members have spoken of the debt of honour and of the erosion of trust in this House that we face for failing to rectify this injustice. My hon. Friend the Member for Stretford and Urmston (Kate Green) said that she herself has been affected by the collapse of Equitable Life, highlighting the sheer scale of the impact this issue has had across the country. My hon. Friend the Member for Lincoln (Karen Lee) explained how it has affected people across a wide swathe of society—nurses, doctors, teachers and civil servants. Hon. Members have spoken of the despair and distress that this failure and collapse has caused to so many of our constituents. My hon. Friend the Member for Leeds North East described it as one of the greatest financial scandals of the modern age. I hope that the Minister has heard the clear and unambiguous views of many Members from across the Chamber. As has been set out, this issue stretches all the way back to 2000, when Equitable Life Assurance Society closed to new business and was forced to acknowledge that it could not deliver for its policyholders, leaving up to 1 million people out of pocket through no fault of their own. Following the society's collapse, the Government of the day set up the independent Penrose inquiry, which raised serious questions about the practices that had been happening at Equitable Life. This decade of mismanagement, combined with maladministration, was a major contributor to the society's collapse. As we have heard, the Penrose inquiry was followed by an ombudsman report in 2008 that found that this mismanagement had corresponded with "a decade of regulatory failure". This included an inadequate response to the chief executive's appointment; inadequacy of advice by the Government Actuary's Department; and poor transparency on the part of other Departments, including the Treasury. In 2009, the Government apologised and appointed an independent adviser, Sir John Chadwick, to provide guidance on how to determine and resolve various technical issues. During this time, both the European Parliament and the Public Administration Committee had published sympathetic independent reports. It is worth noting that in 2010, the Conservative party manifesto, as many Members have mentioned, included a commitment to making "fair and transparent payments to Equitable Life policy holders". All this culminated in a payment worth £1.5 billion in compensation to policyholders. As we have heard, the Equitable Members Action Group campaigners remain unsatisfied with this response, arguing that their losses amounted to more than £4 billion. This leaves a significant disparity in the losses faced and compensation awarded that so far has not been adequately explained or addressed by the Government. Instead, the Chadwick report of July 2010 concluded that relative loss should be defined as "those who have suffered financial loss", but pointed out that the ombudsman recognised that losses in policy values were only partly due to maladministration, and that the backdrop to cuts in policy values was a sharp fall in world stock markets that all life insurance companies were forced to respond to. Similarly, the report argued that compensation should be assessed on the cost of maladministration as opposed to the size of investor losses. However, we are politicians, and we can revisit decisions and choices. The Minister has been asked to consider carefully whether the Government should make different decisions or choices today, with the benefit of hindsight. After all, regardless of how fault is distributed among the institutions involved, these policyholders have found themselves significantly out of pocket, through no wrongdoing of their own. Many Members from across the House, including colleagues from the shadow Front Bench, as well as the leader of the Labour party, have met the campaign to listen to its concerns and the full details of the case. I would therefore like to ask the Minister whether he has met the campaign, and whether he might consider doing so in the days following this debate, to hear its case directly. Given that the Government have accepted that there were regulatory failures and offered some compensation already, they may be open to further discussions, to respond to the clear dissatisfaction that so many policyholders feel about how this matter was resolved. I hope the Minister will give a clearer sense of the Government's willingness to look again at this matter. My hon. Friend the Member for North Tyneside (Mary Glindon) raised the important matter of policyholders' data. The campaign is anxious that the necessary data is retained, to ensure that policyholders can be identified were there to be a change in Government policy. The campaign has hoped for reassurance from the Minister, and perhaps we will have that today. Lastly, while I have discussed the position of Equitable Life policyholders throughout my speech, there is also the question of the regulatory environment now. We have to ensure that lessons have been learned, so that such an awful case can never happen again. The regulatory frameworks that operate in this country must be continually stress-tested and reviewed. Regulatory organisations need the appropriate resources to ensure that proper regulation occurs. We have to consider that 100 or 150 people are looking at 200 insurance companies. What protections have the Government put in place to guarantee that similar regulatory failures cannot happen again? That seems an important consideration, not only to reflect on the past and seek justice for those affected, but to ensure that we do not repeat the same mistakes. I hope the Minister will be able to offer a satisfactory answer to the questions I have raised. Clearly a serious injustice was faced by policyholders at Equitable Life, which has been the source of much discussion, inquiry and debate over many years, yet those affected do not feel that this has been resolved adequately. The Government have looked at this matter before, and I hope they will resolve to look at it again and begin a full and proper process of consultation with the campaign. Ultimately, people's savings are in question, lost through no fault or wrongdoing of their own but a combination of factors outside their control. I look forward to the Minister's response. The Economic Secretary to the Treasury (John Glen) It is a privilege to respond to the debate. First, I congratulate my hon. Friend the Member for Harrow East (Bob Blackman) and the hon. Member for Leeds North East (Fabian Hamilton) on their tireless work on this issue, which has helped the Government to achieve so much. I attended a meeting of the all-party parliamentary group for justice for Equitable Life policyholders last September, and the respect of colleagues on both sides of the House for those Members' work was clear. This well-documented topic has been explored once again in detail today, with 10 eloquent and measured speeches by Members on both sides of the House. I need to declare an interest. My father worked in a glasshouse nursery all his life and paid in modest sums

that paper. A Health Canada expert panel said the same thing. In the United States, for example, blood donations operate side-by-side with paid plasma operations and it's not that big a deal. Same with in the Czech Republic. The same is true in Austria as well. So the security issue is another issue that was raised. I think it's the most important argument that the other side on this debate have raised. My own view on it is that it is insufficient on its own to justify banning paying people for plasma donations. The other three are moral objections and I'll try to deal with them quickly. The first one, altruism. The argument is that people should give plasma out of the kindness of their hearts and not because what they care about is the thickness of their wallet. And so we object to paid plasma because we think that like people are doing it with the wrong motives. So the first thing to say is that if you're comparing getting enough medicine that will save lives to the motives of the people that provide the plasma it seems like the saving lives is much more important. So even if people aren't giving it out of the kindness of their hearts that doesn't matter as much as saving as many lives as we possibly can. That's the first thing to say. The second thing to say is that I think it, in fact, is a kind of prejudice. It's a kind of stigma that we associate with people who sell their plasma. Because consider none of us, I'm a professor. Guess what? I get paid to be a professor. But do I, am I a professor because that's the way that I maximize my income? No, I take seriously my obligation to let people know about things that are important, to try to bring up the next generation. And the same is true of teachers all around the world. And we do see that teachers can both be paid and operate altruistically simultaneously. Human motivations are very complex. We think the same thing of nurses. We think nurses get paid to be nurses. Same with doctors. They get paid to be doctors. And yet we think that it's compatible with that for them to operate altruistically. In a way it's puzzling in the plasma debate in particular because everybody who has anything to do with plasma gets paid. That includes the phlebotomists, the nurses, the administrators. Everybody gets paid except for the person whose plasma it is. And we worry about altruism just when it comes to the person whose plasma it is. Why aren't we concerned about the altruistic motives of nurses, for example, or doctors. So that's why I say that argument kind of reveals a sort of prejudice. It's not a very good one. The commodification worry goes something like this. If we put a price tag on a part of a human being then it's possible that people are going to start thinking of themselves as having all of these different price tags. So they don't think of themselves as being a person, as a whole person. They don't think of themselves as being sacred in a way. Instead they start thinking of themselves as having different price tags and they're like well what am I worth. Well actually my blood is worth this much, my plasma is worth this much and my hair is worth this much, et cetera. The worry is that if we allow a price tag on a part of us then soon we're going to think of people as commodities rather than as persons. And my response to that kind of argument is first, that's an empirical claim and I haven't seen any studies that show that, for example, in the United States people are more likely to think of themselves as commodities as compared to in Ontario or British Columbia where it's not legal to pay people for plasma. I find that argument a little bit dubious barring empirical evidence. And secondly, I don't know why anybody thinks that at all. I mean we pay for labor. Why doesn't that have the effect of commodifying persons. Why is it that if we pay for plasma then commodification will occur, but not in all of the other standard ways. Things that we constantly pay for and yet do not result in commodification. And then the last one which I think is the most important moral argument against paying people for plasma. It's exploitation. If you pay attention to the news in the United States and all over the world, if people are writing about paid plasma they often raise the specter of wrongful exploitation. Because here is a fact. Guess who sells their plasma? It's not professionals. It's not professors like myself. It's students and it's people who are poor. Poor people – the plasma centers are located in zip codes that have higher poverty rates and lower median and household income rates. So it is the poor that sell their plasma. And so that raises the question of whether these people are exploited or not. I don't think that they are. I think, in fact, that the amount of money that people are paid to sell their plasma is, in fact, a good deal. The global price of plasma is about $200 per liter. So the unit is a liter. It's about $200 per liter and donors or people who are paid for plasma receive about $50 for that one liter. Typically people donate about 810 to 880 milliliters and so it takes about one-and-a-quarter donation to make a full liter of plasma. So people get paid $50 and $200 is the total price. That's a really remarkable, that's a good deal. That's not an exploitative deal. The division of the benefits is fair in my judgment. Second, there's still an open question like what good do we do – what has Ontario done? Ontario has said we're not going to pay people for plasma. That didn't result in $50 in the pockets of people who need the money. When they banned paid plasma they didn't replace that with a tree where you just grab money from that tree. No, they simply removed an option. How did that improve the lives of the people who need the money and are selling plasma maybe primarily for the money. Although footnote, don't forget I do think that most of the people that sell their plasma do it both for the money as well as out of concern for their fellow neighbors. So you don't really make people better off by removing those options. Now if it as something that was very risky then that would be a different matter. We're not talking about paying people for kidneys. We're talking about paying people for plasma which is renewable. It's renewable and donating it is safe. It's not entirely safe. It's not 100 percent safe, but it is not risky. We are encouraging people to donate plasma. So that's my response to the exploitation argument. That's my response to all of the arguments against it. And none of those arguments overcome the fact that we can get high quality plasma for plasma therapies. We can get more of it. And countries like Canada where I'm from, we're a wealthy country. We shouldn't just be drawing on the global supply of plasma. We should be contributing to it. We are not contributing to the global supply of plasma. We are taking from it. It's just as safe as unpaid plasma. There's evidence, there's substantial proof that paying people for plasma will

(i.e., how lightweight the model is). Table \ref{tab:main} shows us the best models of each backbone and industrial tools. MobileNet2[:X]\_Y means we take only a part of MobileNetV2 from layer $X^{th}$ and stick Det blocks with $Y$ channels inside. Clearly, the ResNet backbone takes the first place but relatively slow with a bigger model size. On the other hand, MobileNet2[:15]\_256 not only gets excellent result even higher all tools but also with a lightning inferencing speed whereas its shallower variants MobileNet2[:6]\_256 and MobileNet2[:6]\_512 took too low abstraction features leading to bad performances. We also witness how useful Det blocks (first 5 models use) since models without them (\_no\_Detnet) could not soar higher. However, when we tried to increase the number of channels inside Det blocks, it does not help, so we have to be careful in setting this number (256 is the default setting used in \cite{li2018detnet}). As we anticipated before, the Darknet19 backbone (YOLOv2 \cite{redmon2017yolo9000}'s backbone, no Det blocks) did fairly well in detection; however, it did not demonstrate adequate performance in recognition because of object smallness in this dataset. Similarly, the detect-crop-decode way did best on detection but poor on decoding by a weak decoder, or decent however slower. Last but not least, we also used MobileNet2[:15]\_256 to do speed evaluation on 2000 EAN-13 test set at a resolution of $448\times672$ ($\sim 480\times640$ VGA), and the result we got is 25.8 ms/image $\sim$ a smooth and real-time 38.76 FPS. To demonstrate the ability of the model under multiple barcode images and the extensibility of adding a new type of barcode, we also conducted an evaluation on the multi-barcode dataset and on the EAN-8 barcode set as results in Table \ref{tab:multi}. On the multiple set, our best model (ResNet50 with Detnet) get 95.98\% mAP and 81.8\% for accuracy, which is very good and outperformed the commercial counterpart with only 63.6\% even though we set the maximum effort in the setting. The extensibility of this method is also proved by the winning of MobileNet2[:15]\_256 over Zxing (the fastest commercial tool) after training purely on synthetic samples but still achieved 81.1\% on 90 EAN-8 test samples. \begin{table}[ht] \centering \caption{Multi-barcode and EAN-8 evaluation} \label{tab:multi} \begin{tabular}{clll} \hline \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{Model} & mAP & Recog. Rate \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Multi set} & ResNet50 (our best) & \textbf{95.98}\% & \textbf{63/77} $\sim$ \textbf{81.8}\% \\ & Dynamsoft (com. best) & 68.7\% & 49/77 $\sim$ 63.64\% \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{EAN-8 set} & MobileNet2 (our fastest) & \textbf{87.99}\% & \textbf{73/90} $\sim$ \textbf{81.1}\% \\ & Zxing (com. fastest) & 45.56\% & 41/90 $\sim$ 45.56\% \\ \hline \end{tabular} \end{table} On the work of license plate recognition task, we conducted experiments on 2 backbones which are ResNet50 and MobileNet2[:15] with normal DetNet blocks. As we mentioned about 3 categories of AOLP dataset before, besides the overall evaluation, we separately measure each category with an aim to see how the models react to each condition, where model showed weakness to improve in feature works. As we can see in Table \ref{tab:aolp_resu}, the ResNet-backed model again took the winner position in both mAP (99.35\%) figures and recognition rate (92.21\%) overall. Although the lightweight MobileNetV2-backed model comes second in mAP, it not only did a very good job in term of recognition rate but also the fastest model with only 52.54 ms per image compared with the state-of-the-art paper (SOTA) \cite{chen2019automatic} on this dataset (\emph{note that \cite{chen2019automatic} setup is not the same with ours -- we used GTX 1060 which is only 10\% faster than GTX 970 \cite{chen2019automatic} used}). Last but not least, both of our models do inference very fast although it is still not real-time rate (25-30 fps). As expected, LE and RP are challenging conditions, so our model predicted less correctly in both detection and full-plate classification. We might need to learn more about those conditions and provide better data augmentations that fit them. \begin{table}[ht] \centering \caption{Results on AOLP dataset} \label{tab:aolp_resu} \scalebox{1.1}{ \begin{tabular}{llrrr} \hline & & \multicolumn{1}{l}{ResNet50} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{MobileNet2} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{\cite{chen2019automatic}} \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{AC} & mAP & 100\% & 100\% & - \\ & recog. rate & 97.00\% & 95.00\% & - \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{LE} & mAP & 98.11\% & 98.15\% & - \\ & recog. rate & 91.67\% & 87.96\% & - \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{RP} & mAP & 100.00\% & 99.00\% & - \\ & recog. rate & 89.00\% & 85.00\% & - \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Overall} & mAP & \textbf{99.35\%} & 99.02\% & 99.00\% \\ & recog. rate & \textbf{92.21\%} & 89.29\% & 78.00\% \\ \hline \multicolumn{2}{l}{GFLOPs} & 35.13 & \textbf{2.93} & - \\ \hline \multicolumn{2}{l}{Params (M)} & 27.2 & \textbf{3.4} & - \\ \hline \multicolumn{2}{l}{Time (ms)} & 70.86 & \textbf{52.54} & 800 - 1000 \\ \hline \end{tabular}} \end{table} \subsection{Ablation Study} Regarding the influence of different data augmentations, as Table \ref{tab:ablation_0} shown, it is obvious that the shearing effect and rotation are crucial for this model training because, without it, the model dim down clearly in recognition rate (57.35\% and 78.85\% respectively). On the other hand, training without making blurry, adding Gaussian noise or elastic effects just reduces the model performance a little bit. We guessed that because those conditions exist already in the real dataset. Back to the subsection of Training in Methodology when we talked about $\lambda_{class}$, we assume that we should put a small value for that hyper-parameter when we start training from scratch. The reason behind is that model should focus more on learning to know where each object is located rather than classifying what each object. So bigger $\lambda_{class}$ would just dominate loss function and hinders the spatial convergence to the correct grid, and consequently, it does not classify digits of sequence correctly either. Therefore, only after a certain degree of convergence appeared (i.e. the model has learned to locate correctly), we should increase the hyper-parameter value to emphasize the role of classification digits correctly. Empirical results at Table \ref{tab:ablation_0} demonstrate our hypothesis as we can see: no matter by ResNet or MobileNetV2, if we set $\lambda_{class}$ too high from the beginning, the model gets confused and could not converge; however, keeping $\lambda_{class}$ low for the whole process also does not produce superior models; and lastly, rise the hyper-parameter value higher ($5$ after $1$) after certain convergence results in better models. \begin{table}[ht] \centering \caption{Data augmentation and $\lambda_{class}$ effect ablation study} \label{tab:ablation_0} \scalebox{1.2}{ \begin{tabular}{lrr} \hline & \multicolumn{1}{l}{mAP} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{Recog Rate} \\ \hline ResNet50\_w1 & 91.87\% & 82.20\% \\ ResNet50\_w5 & 34.28\% & 0.20\% \\ ResNet50\_w1\_5 & \textbf{94.38\%} & \textbf{86.90\%} \\ \hline MobileNet2[:15]\_256\_w1 & \textbf{96.60\%} & 69.85\% \\ MobileNet2[:15]\_256\_w5 & 46.33\% & 0.00\% \\ MobileNet2[:15]\_256\_w1\_5 & 91.62\% & \textbf{75.35\%} \\ \hline ResNet50\_w1\_no\_elastic & 92.95\% & 80.95\% \\ ResNet50\_w1\_no\_rotate & \textbf{86.62\%} & \textbf{57.90\%} \\ ResNet50\_w1\_no\_shear & 93.85\% & 78.85\% \\ ResNet50\_w1\_no\_blur & 91.23\% & 81.15\% \\ ResNet50\_w1\_no\_noise & 94.38\% & 81.55\% \\ \hline \end{tabular}} \end{table} Eventually, during researching this topic, we always keep in mind that in many cases, even we humans sometimes found and absolutely sure that a certain small object in an image is something we know. However, we cannot see clearly what on. That could also happen to the machine, so we tried to analyze correct decoded and non-decodable (and wrongly predicted included) cases to answer the question: How small of a barcode in an image could make a model difficult to decode correctly ? The answer to this also helps us to notice that if a barcode is too small compared to the whole image, we should be careful with the model outcome, or we had better to make the camera focus closer to the detected location to have a better and trustworthy prediction. As Figure \ref{fig:ablation_2}, it is obvious that if the barcode area is larger than 0.02 of the whole image, our best model (ResNet50) is ready to give over 90\% correctly. (This analysis is done on 2000 main test set). \begin{figure}[ht] \centering \includegraphics[width=\linewidth,keepaspectratio]{image/size_ratio_.jpg} \caption{Barcode area on image ratio and decodability} \label{fig:ablation_2} \end{figure} \section{Conclusion} In conclusion, in this study, we successfully proposed QuickBrowser to quickly detect and read simple object content by integrating multi-digit classification into DNN one-stage object detection with modified architecture, loss function, data augmentation,