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The dataset generation failed because of a cast error
Error code: DatasetGenerationCastError
Exception: DatasetGenerationCastError
Message: An error occurred while generating the dataset
All the data files must have the same columns, but at some point there are 5 new columns ({'target_new_desc', 'label', 'instance_prompt', 'phrase_prompt', 'prompt'}) and 6 missing columns ({'concept_name', 'module_inter', 'module_intra', 'QID', 'top_superclass', 'concept_def'}).
This happened while the json dataset builder was generating data using
hf://datasets/zjunlp/ConceptEdit/final_gpt2_inter.json (at revision 9ce8f142eb7758a4cb4c01cbd6532fafe8b3e75b)
Please either edit the data files to have matching columns, or separate them into different configurations (see docs at https://hf.co/docs/hub/datasets-manual-configuration#multiple-configurations)
Traceback: Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 2011, in _prepare_split_single
writer.write_table(table)
File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/datasets/arrow_writer.py", line 585, in write_table
pa_table = table_cast(pa_table, self._schema)
File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/datasets/table.py", line 2302, in table_cast
return cast_table_to_schema(table, schema)
File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/datasets/table.py", line 2256, in cast_table_to_schema
raise CastError(
datasets.table.CastError: Couldn't cast
locality_prompt: string
target_new_desc: string
label: string
instance_prompt: string
locality_answer: string
phrase_prompt: string
instances: list<item: string>
child 0, item: string
id: int64
prompt: string
to
{'concept_name': Value(dtype='string', id=None), 'module_intra': {'replace_def': Value(dtype='string', id=None), 'replace_from_concept': Value(dtype='string', id=None)}, 'module_inter': {'replace_def': Value(dtype='string', id=None), 'replace_from_concept': Value(dtype='string', id=None)}, 'locality_answer': Value(dtype='string', id=None), 'instances': Sequence(feature=Value(dtype='string', id=None), length=-1, id=None), 'id': Value(dtype='int64', id=None), 'QID': Value(dtype='string', id=None), 'top_superclass': Value(dtype='string', id=None), 'concept_def': Value(dtype='string', id=None), 'locality_prompt': Value(dtype='string', id=None)}
because column names don't match
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/src/services/worker/src/worker/job_runners/config/parquet_and_info.py", line 1321, in compute_config_parquet_and_info_response
parquet_operations = convert_to_parquet(builder)
File "/src/services/worker/src/worker/job_runners/config/parquet_and_info.py", line 935, in convert_to_parquet
builder.download_and_prepare(
File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 1027, in download_and_prepare
self._download_and_prepare(
File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 1122, in _download_and_prepare
self._prepare_split(split_generator, **prepare_split_kwargs)
File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 1882, in _prepare_split
for job_id, done, content in self._prepare_split_single(
File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 2013, in _prepare_split_single
raise DatasetGenerationCastError.from_cast_error(
datasets.exceptions.DatasetGenerationCastError: An error occurred while generating the dataset
All the data files must have the same columns, but at some point there are 5 new columns ({'target_new_desc', 'label', 'instance_prompt', 'phrase_prompt', 'prompt'}) and 6 missing columns ({'concept_name', 'module_inter', 'module_intra', 'QID', 'top_superclass', 'concept_def'}).
This happened while the json dataset builder was generating data using
hf://datasets/zjunlp/ConceptEdit/final_gpt2_inter.json (at revision 9ce8f142eb7758a4cb4c01cbd6532fafe8b3e75b)
Please either edit the data files to have matching columns, or separate them into different configurations (see docs at https://hf.co/docs/hub/datasets-manual-configuration#multiple-configurations)Need help to make the dataset viewer work? Open a discussion for direct support.
locality_answer
string | id
int64 | module_inter
dict | instances
sequence | concept_name
string | concept_def
string | QID
string | top_superclass
string | module_intra
dict | locality_prompt
string |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
a group of sports teams that compete against each other in Curling | 0 | {
"replace_def": "very tall building",
"replace_from_concept": "skyscraper"
} | [
"Virus Music",
"Famitsu Bunko",
"BitComposer",
"Victoria University Press",
"BBC Audio",
"Edizioni Piemme",
"Fordham University Press",
"Harper and Row",
"Le Desk",
"Marvel Comics",
"Burning Deck Press",
"SCM Press",
"SelfMadeHero",
"Cedar Fort, Inc.",
"Cassell",
"Dundurn Press",
"Two Roads",
"Dorothy, a publishing project"
] | publisher | company that prints and distributes pressed goods or electronic media | Q2085381 | agent | {
"replace_def": "a group of sports teams or individual athletes that compete against each other in auto racing",
"replace_from_concept": "auto racing league"
} | The definition of curling league is |
domain of micro-organisms | 1 | {
"replace_def": "place of any size, in which people live",
"replace_from_concept": "settlement"
} | [
"Ronald Reid-Daly",
"Charles Augustus Hilton",
"27th Indiana Infantry Regiment",
"Spartaco Schergat",
"Charles Corcoran",
"Franois Claude Amour, marquis de Bouill",
"Clyde A. Vaughn",
"Earle Wheeler",
"Joe McCarthy",
"Central African Republic Civil War",
"Andrew Mathews",
"Nikolaus Heilmann",
"Ahmed Abdel Rahman Nasser",
"Reed McKinley Chambers",
"Wallace Lawler",
"Clarence Tan",
"Louis Charles mile Gibon-Guilhem",
"Manshuk Mametova",
"Moshe Tzadok",
"John F. G. Howe"
] | military person | those who serve as part of an organized armed military force | Q47064 | species | {
"replace_def": "someone who rides horses in horse racing or steeplechase racing",
"replace_from_concept": "jockey"
} | The definition of bacteria is |
group of sports teams that compete against each other in Inline Hockey | 2 | {
"replace_def": "a group of sports teams that compete against each other in Mixed Martial Arts",
"replace_from_concept": "mixed martial arts league"
} | [
"2008 IAFL season",
"Ftbol Americano de Mxico",
"International Football Federation",
"Regional Football League",
"Belgian Football League",
"Northwest Football League",
"Australian Gridiron League",
"Croatian League of American Football",
"NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision",
"British Universities American Football League",
"Nationalliga A",
"The Spring League",
"Wisconsin Football Coaches Association",
"Eastern European Super League",
"Pacific Coast Professional Football League",
"IFAF Women's World Championship",
"United Football League",
"Central European Football League",
"Liga Portuguesa de Futebol Americano",
"Ohio League"
] | american football league | professional American football league that merged with National Football League in 1970 | Q464508 | agent | {
"replace_def": "a group of sports teams or individual athletes that compete against each other in auto racing",
"replace_from_concept": "auto racing league"
} | The definition of inline hockey league is |
kind of deliberative assembly with the power to pass, amend, and repeal laws | 3 | {
"replace_def": "venue, usually a building, for viewing films",
"replace_from_concept": "cinema"
} | [
"Kazakhstani women's volleyball league",
"Liga de Voleibol Superior Femenino",
"FIVB Volleyball Men's Club World Championship",
"Chinese Volleyball Super League",
"Superliga Femenina de Voleibol",
"Superliga de Voleibol Masculina",
"Tunisian Women's Volleyball Super Cup",
"Turkish Women's Volleyball League",
"Finnish Women's Volleyball League",
"German Women's Volleyball Super Cup",
"Greek Volleyball League Cup",
"Macedonian Women's Volleyball League",
"Greek Volleyball Cup",
"Asian Men's U23 Volleyball Championship",
"FIVB Volleyball Women's World Cup",
"Liga Argentina de Voleibol - Serie A1",
"Girls' U16 South American Volleyball Championship",
"Turkish Men's Volleyball League",
"Women's Volleyball Thailand League",
"English National Volleyball League"
] | volleyball league | volleyball league series | Q75179330 | agent | {
"replace_def": "organization in which a group of players are organized to compete as a team in American football",
"replace_from_concept": "american football Team"
} | The definition of legislature is |
someone who plays golf | 4 | {
"replace_def": "a group of sports teams or person that compete against each other in videogames",
"replace_from_concept": "videogames league"
} | [
"John Kenneth Macalister",
"Edson Montao",
"Martha Gray",
"Alfred Renard",
"Alf Cobb",
"Henry I, Duke of Bavaria",
"Ivan Urgant",
"Oddantonio da Montefeltro",
"Yousef Mangoush",
"Derek Burney",
"Indah Cahya Sari Jamil",
"Reg Sampson",
"Peter Barrett",
"Eileen Collins",
"Theuns Briers",
"Jack Varsalona",
"Seth Frankoff",
"Davide Mengacci",
"Gerald Fitzgibbon",
"John R. Smith"
] | person | being that has certain capacities or attributes constituting personhood | Q215627 | species | {
"replace_def": "an individual who competes in organized racing events involving motorized vehicles",
"replace_from_concept": "motorsport racer"
} | The definition of golf player is |
a fictional person portrayed in a soap opera or serial drama | 5 | {
"replace_def": "person practicing sumo wrestling",
"replace_from_concept": "sumo wrestler"
} | [
"St Mark's College, Jane Furse",
"Barbe High School",
"American High School",
"University of Edinburgh School of History, Classics and Archaeology",
"Murder of Hae Min Lee",
"Randolph High School",
"Sams Hjskole",
"Ottumwa High School",
"Basic Education High School No. 2 Pabedan",
"Mumford High School",
"Akureyri Junior College",
"Columbus High School",
"Handsworth Grange Community Sports College",
"Heidelberg High School",
"Miami Southridge High School",
"Loyola Catholic Secondary School",
"Bessemer Academy",
"Palmerston North Boys' High School",
"Lincoln County High School",
"Snow Hill High School"
] | school | institution for the education of students by teachers | Q3914 | agent | {
"replace_def": "organization responsible for production and transmission of radio and television programs",
"replace_from_concept": "broadcaster"
} | The definition of soap character is |
a competitive series of soccer matches in which multiple teams compete to determine a champion | 6 | {
"replace_def": "the period during which official games are played between professional football teams in the NFL",
"replace_from_concept": "national football league season"
} | [
"Festimad",
"Christmas Rock Night",
"Eistnaflug",
"Stour Music Festival",
"Montreal International Reggae Festival",
"Agape Music Festival",
"Nashestvie",
"Piknik Country",
"European Youth Music Festival",
"Purbeck Valley Folk Festival",
"Economy of Austria",
"Music Mania",
"Festival de Guitarra de Barcelona",
"Sox Fest '09",
"Omaha Blues, Jazz, & Gospel Festival",
"Queensland Music Festival",
"Goderich Celtic Roots Festival",
"Raleigh Downtown Live",
"Hamilton Circle Jerk",
"Overcranked"
] | music festival | festival oriented towards music | Q868557 | event | {
"replace_def": "a competitive combat sports occasion where fighters from various martial arts disciplines face off in matches",
"replace_from_concept": "mixed martial arts event"
} | The definition of soccer tournoment is |
electronic game with user interface and visual feedback | 7 | {
"replace_def": "the period during which a soccer team plays a series of competitive matches",
"replace_from_concept": "soccer club season"
} | [
"Ali Baba and the Forty Thieves",
"EPLaR",
"Motd",
"Their Finest Hour",
"The Eyes of Ara",
"Infamous: Festival of Blood",
"Duplicity",
"Microsoft Forecaster",
"Things",
"Open Smart Card Development Platform",
"Crazy Taxi 3: High Roller",
"Teki Paki",
"Mindlin-Reissner plate theory",
"Sacix",
"RunKeeper",
"Ananthnagar",
"Linux-HA",
"Parsec",
"Posix",
"Push Me Pull You"
] | software | non-tangible executable component of a computer | Q7397 | work | {
"replace_def": "sequence of images that give the impression of movement, stored on film stock",
"replace_from_concept": "movie"
} | The definition of video game is |
essential office of an elected members called congress | 8 | {
"replace_def": "military constructions and buildings designed for defense in warfare and military bases",
"replace_from_concept": "military structure"
} | [
"Nanako Mori",
"David Sterne",
"A. W. Baskcomb",
"David Quilter",
"Curt Lwgren",
"Jalal Pishvaian",
"Marcel Marchal",
"Gerald Case",
"Louis-Arsne Delaunay",
"Gunilla Rr",
"Runa Akiyama",
"Alexandrine Fanier",
"Erino Hazuki",
"Yasuko Matsuyuki",
"Lars-Erik Liedholm",
"Deborah Makepeace",
"Nicky Ladanowski",
"Brian Grellis",
"Ozzie Devrish",
"Reiko Kusamura"
] | actor | person who acts in a dramatic or comic production and works in film, television, theatre, or radio | Q33999 | species | {
"replace_def": "someone who engages in boxing primarily for sport and competition rather than for professional career advancement or financial gain.",
"replace_from_concept": "amateur boxer"
} | The definition of congressman is |
area which receives protection because of its recognized natural, ecological, or cultural values | 9 | {
"replace_def": "major international multi-sport event organised by International Olympic Committee",
"replace_from_concept": "olympics"
} | [
"Kirnau",
"Derbeke",
"Hollyford River",
"Vdana",
"Lontra River",
"Seaward River",
"Spring Creek",
"Branco River",
"Caniapiscau River",
"Yaloupi",
"Yron",
"Gerace",
"Boqueron River",
"South Kawishiwi River",
"Mll",
"Neva",
"Te Putaaraukai River",
"Rocky River",
"Mezha",
"Lane Cove River"
] | stream | body of water with current within bed and stream banks | Q47521 | place | {
"replace_def": "large landmass identified by convention",
"replace_from_concept": "continent"
} | The definition of protected area is |
company that provides air transport services for traveling passengers and freight | 10 | {
"replace_def": "facility from which rockets are launched",
"replace_from_concept": "launch pad"
} | [
"Twickenham Film Distributors Ltd",
"Barbican Centre",
"Xumo",
"Opra national de Lorraine",
"Osmington Incorporated",
"Tripp Lite",
"Trowbridge & Livingston",
"Full Blown Entertainment",
"Texas State Florists Association",
"Cutco",
"MyHeritage",
"Vivante Corporation",
"Beximco Pharma",
"Unatra",
"Regal Entertainment",
"PocketMac",
"Luxor Linens",
"Santa Pod Raceway",
"Zero Fatigue",
"Management Consulting Group"
] | company | legal entity representing an association of people, whether natural, legal or a mixture of both, with a specific objective | Q783794 | agent | {
"replace_def": "educational institution, varying in level from country to country",
"replace_from_concept": "college"
} | The definition of airline is |
musical ensemble which performs music | 11 | {
"replace_def": "reative work in which images and text convey information such as narratives",
"replace_from_concept": "comic"
} | [
"Ladies Asian Golf Tour",
"1980 Brisbane Rugby League season",
"Midwestern Intercollegiate Volleyball Association",
"League of Legends Championship Series",
"EWHL Super Cup",
"Swiss Handball League",
"European Superstock 1000 Championship",
"Austrian Futsal Liga",
"Red Bull Futsal League",
"Jonathan Griffiths",
"Maltese National Amateur League",
"Double-A Northeast",
"Ecuadorian Serie B",
"2008-09 Serbian First League",
"Tom Nowatzke",
"Frdric Cermeno",
"Scottish Professional Football League",
"Malaysian League",
"International Basketball League",
"National Women's Football League of Guatemala"
] | sports league | group of sports teams or individual athletes that compete against each other | Q623109 | agent | {
"replace_def": "league of association football that take place across a country or to a local area of a country",
"replace_from_concept": "soccer league"
} | The definition of Band is |
person who navigates water-borne vessels or assists in doing so | 12 | {
"replace_def": "artist who practices painting",
"replace_from_concept": "painter"
} | [
"Ephedra holoptera",
"Ephedra breana",
"Ephedra cutleri",
"Ephedra aspera",
"Ephedra multiflora",
"Ephedra fragilis",
"Ephedra gerardiana",
"Ephedra nevadensis",
"Ephedra viridis",
"Ephedra foliata",
"Ephedra strobilacea",
"Ephedra lomatolepis",
"Ephedra altissima",
"Ephedra funerea",
"Ephedra trifurca",
"Ephedra californica",
"Ephedra boelckei",
"Gnetum gnemon",
"Ephedra alata",
"Ephedra intermedia"
] | Gnetophytes | division of plants | Q309147 | species | {
"replace_def": "governing official",
"replace_from_concept": "governor"
} | The definition of Sailor is |
organization for the production and transmission of radio programs | 13 | {
"replace_def": "part of a naming scheme for individuals, used in many cultures worldwide",
"replace_from_concept": "surname"
} | [
"Agrani Bank Cricket Club",
"Nagaland cricket team",
"India A cricket team",
"Himachal Pradesh women's cricket team",
"Scotland national cricket team",
"Bengal women's cricket team",
"Spartan Cricket Club",
"Abahani Limited cricket team",
"Grenada national cricket team",
"Wales National Counties Cricket Club",
"Cheshire County Cricket Club",
"Mashonaland Eagles",
"Madhya Pradesh cricket team",
"Italy women's national cricket team",
"Sebastianites Cricket and Athletic Club",
"Western Suburbs District Cricket Club",
"Northamptonshire County Cricket Club",
"Donaghcloney Mill Cricket Club",
"Kiveton Park Colliery Cricket Club",
"Peterborough Town Cricket Club"
] | cricket team | sports team which plays cricket | Q17376093 | agent | {
"replace_def": "fictional human or non-human character in a narrative work of art",
"replace_from_concept": "fictional character"
} | The definition of radio station is |
a group of players who come together to play hockey | 14 | {
"replace_def": "anyone who participates in activities involving skates",
"replace_from_concept": "skater"
} | [
"Newcastle Diamonds",
"Sunderland Stars",
"Glasgow Tigers",
"Edinburgh Monarchs",
"KS Toru",
"Crayford Kestrels",
"Long Eaton Speedway",
"Norwich Stars",
"Oxford Cheetahs",
"Weymouth Wildcats",
"Berwick Bandits",
"WTS Sparta Wrocaw",
"Wombwell Colliers",
"Yarmouth Bloaters",
"Ashfield Giants",
"KM Ostrw Wielkopolski",
"Birmingham Bulldogs",
"Halifax Dukes",
"Isle of Wight Warriors",
"Swindon Robins"
] | speedway team | a group of motorcycle speedway riders who compete together in team competitions | * | agent | {
"replace_def": "a group of sports teams or bikerider that compete against each other in Motorcycle Racing",
"replace_from_concept": "motorcycle racing league"
} | The definition of hockey team is |
group of sports teams or individual athletes that compete against each other | 15 | {
"replace_def": "any official game, activity, or occasion organized by the National Football League (NFL)",
"replace_from_concept": "national football league event"
} | [
"Dock Street Brewing Company",
"Riegele",
"Paderborner Brauerei",
"Brasserie de la Senne",
"Neshaminy Creek Brewing Company",
"Schmohz",
"Surinaamse Brouwerij",
"5 Rabbit Cervecera",
"Taybeh Brewery",
"Mother Earth Brewing",
"Holsten Brewery",
"Adnams",
"Ztler Brewery",
"Staatliches Hofbruhaus in Mnchen",
"BrewDog",
"The Old Cannon Brewery",
"Kona Brewing Company",
"Brauerei Egg",
"Flensburger Brauerei",
"Nantahala Brewing Company"
] | brewery | business that makes and sells beer | Q131734 | agent | {
"replace_def": "musical ensemble which performs music",
"replace_from_concept": "group"
} | The definition of sports league is |
business that operates bus services | 16 | {
"replace_def": "Orthodox rabbinic title, especially in Hasidism",
"replace_from_concept": "Rebbe"
} | [
"Lieff Cabraser",
"Clyde & Co",
"Holman Fenwick Willan",
"Haynes and Boone",
"Broad and Cassel",
"TMI Associates",
"Cyril Amarchand Mangaldas",
"Gibbons P.C.",
"Drew & Napier",
"Multilaw",
"Polsinelli",
"Segal McCambridge Singer & Mahoney",
"Cooley LLP",
"Stephenson Harwood",
"Snell & Wilmer",
"Crowe & Dunlevy",
"Hisham Mubarak Law Center",
"Willkie Farr & Gallagher",
"Cleary Gottlieb Steen & Hamilton",
"BLM"
] | law firm | business entity formed by one or more lawyers to engage in the practice of law | Q613142 | agent | {
"replace_def": "organization responsible for production and transmission of radio and television programs",
"replace_from_concept": "broadcaster"
} | The definition of bus company is |
a group of sports teams that compete against each other in Lacrosse | 17 | {
"replace_def": "business enterprise that provides lodging in a single building paid on a short-term basis",
"replace_from_concept": "hotel"
} | [
"Deep Woods Estate",
"Chteau Desmirail",
"Coriole",
"Sula Vineyards",
"Ahlgren Vineyard",
"Four Seasons Wines",
"Via Tipaume",
"Via Anakena",
"Palmaz Vineyards",
"Smithbrook Wines",
"Ceja Vineyards",
"Stags' Leap Winery",
"Trapiche",
"Recanati winery",
"Cline Cellars",
"Chteau Pichon Longueville Baron",
"Chteau Dauzac",
"Belle Fiore Winery",
"Burgess Cellars",
"Balic Winery"
] | winery | facility that makes wine | Q156362 | agent | {
"replace_def": "group of people that play team handball",
"replace_from_concept": "handball team"
} | The definition of lacrosse league is |
someone who rides horses in horse racing or steeplechase racing | 18 | {
"replace_def": "a student-athlete who competes in intercollegiate sports governed by the NCAA at a member institution",
"replace_from_concept": "national collegiate athletic association athlete"
} | [
"Track and Field athletics",
"Paralympic Nordic skiing",
"Sailing at the 1992 Summer Olympics",
"Food safety",
"Red Bull 400",
"Theoretical ecology",
"Bowling in India",
"Matball",
"Cheering",
"Para table tennis",
"Bird feeding",
"Operations research",
"Vigoro",
"Run archery",
"Fell running",
"Bocce",
"Genoa Joint Laboratories",
"Aggregate planning",
"Over-the-line",
"Rugby league in the Cook Islands"
] | sport | forms of recreational activity, usually physical | Q349 | activity | {
"replace_def": "narrative text, normally of a substantial length and in the form of prose describing a fictional and sequential story",
"replace_from_concept": "novel"
} | The definition of jockey is |
Christian district or see under the supervision of a bishop | 19 | {
"replace_def": "Golfplayer that compete against each other in Golf",
"replace_from_concept": "golf league"
} | [
"Vankayala",
"McCloud",
"Huo",
"Katewa",
"Fink",
"Fioravanti",
"Cloud",
"1949 Governor General's Awards",
"Calleja",
"Jaffer",
"Sowa",
"Stickler",
"Lyons",
"Sarao",
"Zou",
"Pisal",
"Alhadeff",
"Yuwen",
"Auva'a",
"MacNaught"
] | surname | part of a naming scheme for individuals, used in many cultures worldwide | Q101352 | name | {
"replace_def": "yellow or white, creamy or solid food made from the pressed curds of milk",
"replace_from_concept": "cheese"
} | The definition of diocese is |
part of a naming scheme for individuals, used in many cultures worldwide | 20 | {
"replace_def": "structure of historic nature",
"replace_from_concept": "historic building"
} | [
"Nobukatsu",
"Bobak",
"Marie",
"Griffith",
"Ghazanfar",
"Jin-gyu",
"Eliza",
"Darryl",
"Sadakazu",
"Pietro",
"Nonoka",
"Harun",
"Tatsuz",
"Bodil",
"Reinis",
"Valrijs",
"Stavros",
"Masashi",
"Rachel",
"Megan"
] | given name | name typically used to differentiate people from the same family, clan, or other social group who have a common last name | Q202444 | name | {
"replace_def": "ranking list of the professional snooker players",
"replace_from_concept": "snooker world ranking"
} | The definition of surname is |
highest-ranking bishop in Christianity | 21 | {
"replace_def": "assembly of one or more electrochemical cells, used to provide devices with stored electrical energy",
"replace_from_concept": "battery"
} | [
"Harry LaForme",
"Mildred Cleghorn",
"Santa Anna",
"Francisco Chacon",
"James White Cloud",
"Patricia Ann McGee",
"Yellow Wolf",
"Chico Velasquez",
"John Brant",
"Pushmataha District",
"Nana",
"Turkey Tayac",
"Mangas Coloradas",
"Victorio",
"John Stedham",
"Manteo",
"Wonohaquaham",
"Sally Ainse",
"Red Shirt",
"Morning Star"
] | American Leader | head of state and head of government of the United States of America | Q11696 | species | {
"replace_def": "person who introduces or hosts television programs",
"replace_from_concept": "television host"
} | The definition of Christian Patriarch is |
person who takes photographs | 22 | {
"replace_def": "player of Canadian football",
"replace_from_concept": "canadian football Player"
} | [
"Ava Fabian",
"List of Playboy Playmates of 1966",
"Cynthia Brimhall",
"Marianne Gaba",
"Linn Ahlstrand",
"List of Playboy Playmates of 2014",
"List of Playboy Playmates of 2007",
"Felicia Atkins",
"Teri Harrison",
"Penny Baker",
"Julia Sandberg Hansson",
"Joyce Nizzari",
"Marian Stafford",
"Hiromi Oshima",
"Carrie Stevens",
"Tina Bockrath",
"Teri Peterson",
"Jean Bell",
"Renee Tenison",
"Lisa Baker"
] | Playboy Playmate | female model featured in a centerfold of Playboy magazine | Q728711 | species | {
"replace_def": "species of plant, ginkgo",
"replace_from_concept": "ginkgo"
} | The definition of photographer is |
sportsperson taking part in table tennis competitions | 23 | {
"replace_def": "constructional unit in rail transport, the route or way of rail tracks between defined locations",
"replace_from_concept": "railway line"
} | [
"Kamasami Kong",
"Jim Ball",
"Deedan Muyira",
"Evan Roberts",
"Doc Thompson",
"Big Jack Armstrong",
"Colin Cowherd",
"Tom Griswold",
"Sid Rosenberg",
"Papa Jackson",
"Chuck Dunaway",
"Bill Jackson",
"Steve McCoy",
"Dawnette Lounds-Culp",
"Jean Danker",
"Ferdinand Biondi",
"Sheilah Gashumba",
"Kathryn Humphreys",
"George Fischbeck",
"Frdric Tadde"
] | presenter | person who hosts an event | Q13590141 | species | {
"replace_def": "plant or grouping of plants selected for desirable characteristics",
"replace_from_concept": "cultivated variety"
} | The definition of table tennis player is |
subphylum of arthropods | 24 | {
"replace_def": "an athlete who participates in traditional Irish sports such as Gaelic football, hurling, camogie, or handball",
"replace_from_concept": "Gaelic games player"
} | [
"Peter Dickinson",
"J. T. Robinson",
"Architects of the U.S. Forest Service",
"Charles Hilpertshauser",
"Toyo Ito",
"Joseph Pierre Foucart",
"Erick van Egeraat",
"Donald Bailey",
"Herbert Langford Warren",
"Charles Gillette",
"Jakob Holmgren",
"Wetherell & Harrison",
"John Prichard",
"Stephen Hodder",
"Agustn Ross Edwards",
"William Hurst Ashpitel",
"Herman Kemna",
"Vasily Kosyakov",
"Ellis F. Lawrence",
"Charles Beazley"
] | architect | person trained to plan and design buildings, and oversee their construction | Q42973 | species | {
"replace_def": "musician who plays classical music",
"replace_from_concept": "classical music artist"
} | The definition of crustacean is |
person who plays association football (soccer) | 25 | {
"replace_def": "vehicle or machine designed to fly in space",
"replace_from_concept": "spacecraft"
} | [
"Brenda Castro",
"Urvashi Gooriah",
"Morakot Sangtaweep",
"Namrata Shrestha",
"Sophie Garenaux",
"Michelle Gmez",
"Joitza Henriquez",
"Sujita Basnet",
"Valene Maharaj",
"Katie George",
"Kezia Warouw",
"Zana Berisha",
"Karen Dianne Baldwin",
"Evangelia Aravani",
"Deborah Shelton",
"Maribel Arrieta",
"Sarah French",
"Angela Ruiz",
"Dng Trng Thin L",
"Kim Seo-yeon"
] | beauty queen | person who wins a beauty pageant | Q60723847 | species | {
"replace_def": "person who plays darts",
"replace_from_concept": "darts player"
} | The definition of soccer player is |
person involved in directing, instructing and training sportspeople | 26 | {
"replace_def": "barrier that impounds water or underground streams",
"replace_from_concept": "dam"
} | [
"Jgvan Frriksson",
"John J. Burke",
"Oleksiy Povchiy",
"Arthur Smyth",
"Valentino Valentini",
"Giovanni Battista De Pace",
"Petrus Canisius van Lierde",
"John Armstrong",
"Deodatus of Nevers",
"Joseph L. Coffey",
"Herbert Noyes",
"Austin Dowling",
"Antonio Daz",
"Edward Seagar",
"Alfonso Litta",
"Anna Maria Rubatto",
"Zef Pllumi",
"Paul Bouque",
"J. T. Krogh",
"Samuel Simon Schmucker"
] | cleric | member of the clergy of a religion | Q2259532 | species | {
"replace_def": "subphylum of arthropods",
"replace_from_concept": "crustacean"
} | The definition of coach is |
sportsperson who plays beach volleyball | 27 | {
"replace_def": "pure chemical substance consisting of two or more different chemical elements",
"replace_from_concept": "chemical compound"
} | [
"Geoffrey Harcourt",
"Richard Easterlin",
"Melvin Stephens Jr.",
"Jean Pisani-Ferry",
"Ronald G. Ehrenberg",
"Michael Intriligator",
"Duncan K. Foley",
"Fritz Machlup",
"John Henry Williams",
"Catalina Amuedo-Dorantes",
"Lars Osberg",
"David Colander",
"Nikolai Kondratiev",
"Carlos Als-Ferrer",
"Tom Woods",
"David Cesarini",
"John Ridpath",
"Esteban Rossi-Hansberg",
"Christopher A. Sims",
"Mariana Mazzucato"
] | economist | professional in the discipline of economics | Q188094 | species | {
"replace_def": "person who writes poetry",
"replace_from_concept": "poet"
} | The definition of beach volleyball player is |
sportsperson specialized in amateur wrestling (excluding the so-called "professional wrestling", see Q13474373) | 28 | {
"replace_def": "naturally occurring usually inorganic substance that has a (more or less) definite chemical composition and a crystal structure",
"replace_from_concept": "mineral"
} | [
"Estevan Antonio Fuertes",
"Nils Ericson",
"Samuel Finley Brown Morse",
"Nikolai Polikarpov",
"Guillermo Gonzlez Camarena",
"Thomas William Worsdell",
"Michel Virlogeux",
"David Anderson",
"Henry Norris",
"John Holmes Jellett",
"Demetrius Comino",
"Charles Francis Jenkins",
"Peter W. Barlow",
"Ove Arup",
"Wifredo Ricart",
"Ernest Anthony Kehr",
"Jos Bozzano",
"James Johnson",
"Rachel Davidson",
"Ethel Bergstresser McCoy"
] | engineer | professional practitioner of engineering | Q81096 | species | {
"replace_def": "person who performs skiing",
"replace_from_concept": "skier"
} | The definition of wrestler is |
domain of prokaryotic microorganisms | 29 | {
"replace_def": "class of vertebrates characterized by wings, a feather-covered body and a beak",
"replace_from_concept": "bird"
} | [
"John Dunlop",
"William C. Marshall",
"Crown of Queen Alexandra",
"Henry S. Clark",
"Flint S. Schulhofer",
"High Sheriff of Queen's County",
"Mathew Dawson",
"Ger McKenna",
"W. Bret Calhoun",
"Howard M. Tesher",
"Ducal hat of Liechtenstein",
"Coat of arms of Bulgaria",
"H. Guy Bedwell",
"Richard E. Dutrow Jr.",
"Gay McKenna",
"High Sheriff of Longford",
"Victor J. Nickerson",
"High Sheriff of Donegal",
"Stephen L. DiMauro",
"Herbert J. Thompson"
] | horse trainer | person training horses for racing, riding, show or work | Q466640 | species | {
"replace_def": "person who uses written words to communicate ideas and to produce written works",
"replace_from_concept": "writer"
} | The definition of archaea is |
person who writes poetry | 30 | {
"replace_def": "large competition of golf",
"replace_from_concept": "golf tournament"
} | [
"Jason Motlagh",
"Tim Folger",
"Susan Crabtree",
"Leonard Russell",
"Tom Utley",
"Louis Boccardi",
"Stephan Faris",
"James Dafforne",
"Mark Rice-Oxley",
"Oliver Wainwright",
"Bibi van der Zee",
"Paul Routledge",
"Julia Reynolds",
"Vanessa de la Torre",
"Susanne Rust",
"John R. Emshwiller",
"Laura Chang",
"Constance Holden",
"John A. Nolan",
"Alex Kirby"
] | journalist | person who collects, writes and distributes news and other information | Q1930187 | species | {
"replace_def": "person who takes photographs",
"replace_from_concept": "photographer"
} | The definition of poet is |
class of plants | 31 | {
"replace_def": "leader of the worldwide Catholic Church",
"replace_from_concept": "pope"
} | [
"William King and Antonio Murray",
"Peter Moskos",
"Daryl Gates",
"Nidigattu Sanjay",
"Death of Phillip Walters",
"James \"Lugs\" Branigan",
"Sanjiv Bhatt",
"Jesse Curry",
"William Merrilees",
"R K Vij",
"Murder of Sharon Beshenivsky",
"Steve Young",
"Pradip Shumsher J.B.R.",
"Albert Seedman",
"Beating of Michael Cox",
"Jay Landsman",
"C. Sylendra Babu",
"Chris Allison",
"Tommy Butler",
"Kanwar Pal Singh Gill"
] | Police Officer | warranted employee of a police force | Q384593 | species | {
"replace_def": "an athlete that plays snooker and won the world championship at least once",
"replace_from_concept": "snooker world champion"
} | The definition of club moss is |
governing official | 32 | {
"replace_def": "natural or supernatural god or goddess, divine being",
"replace_from_concept": "deity"
} | [
"Adrian Sandra Dobs",
"J. Michael Scott",
"Wei Ho",
"Brent Loken",
"Nalini Joshi",
"Kameshwar C. Wali",
"Kenneth Spence",
"Joseph W. Dauben",
"A. P. Balachandran",
"Chih Ree Sun",
"Cesare Arzel",
"Erich Haase",
"Robert G. Shulman",
"Avelino Corma Canos",
"Daniel Koch",
"Yves Agid",
"Heinrich Rohrer",
"Johann Mller-Rutz",
"Udo Max Hollrung",
"Claire Weekes"
] | scientist | person who use scientific methods to study in an area of interest | Q901 | species | {
"replace_def": "individual responsible for coaching and guiding athletes in a college or university sports program",
"replace_from_concept": "college coach"
} | The definition of governor is |
individual who takes part in cricket matches | 33 | {
"replace_def": "pure chemical substance consisting of two or more different chemical elements",
"replace_from_concept": "chemical compound"
} | [
"Bjrn Nyland",
"Bailey Sarian",
"Wil Dasovich",
"Nat's What I Reckon",
"Drew Gooden",
"Maya Higa",
"Ibai Llanos",
"TomSka",
"Baumgartner Restoration",
"Yes Theory",
"TwinsthenewTrend",
"Melodica Men",
"Kristina uki",
"Nikita Dragun",
"Squeezie",
"Ari Fitz",
"CouRageJD",
"Bilingirl",
"TheOdd1sOut",
"Sisca Kohl"
] | Youtuber | person that produces videos on YouTube | Q17125263 | species | {
"replace_def": "person who plays association football (soccer) ",
"replace_from_concept": "soccer player"
} | The definition of cricketer is |
leader of the worldwide Catholic Church | 34 | {
"replace_def": "low area between hills, often with a river running through it",
"replace_from_concept": "valley"
} | [
"Elijah Miller",
"C. John Stroumtsos",
"John F. Dean",
"Orrin N. Hilton",
"Andrew Wiggin",
"Thomas J. Spargo",
"Elizabeth Barrett-Anderson",
"Pritam Pal",
"Daniel J. Dinan",
"Israel Meyer Augustine, Jr.",
"William R. Green Jr.",
"Nathaniel Thomas",
"Virendra Singh",
"Spencer S. Marsh",
"Beaumont Hotham, 2nd Baron Hotham",
"Carleton Powell",
"Terry Lewis",
"James Gay Gordon",
"John McCunn",
"Paul W. Kahn"
] | judge | official who presides over court proceedings | Q16533 | species | {
"replace_def": "person who has an on-air position in radio broadcasting",
"replace_from_concept": "radio host"
} | The definition of pope is |
group (class or clade) of tetrapod animals | 35 | {
"replace_def": "group (class or clade) of tetrapod animals",
"replace_from_concept": "reptile"
} | [
"Georgy Grechko",
"Valery Rozhdestvensky",
"Theodore Freeman",
"Yury Onufriyenko",
"Matthew Dominick",
"Sidney M. Gutierrez",
"Sergey Alexandrovich Volkov",
"Miss Baker",
"Doug Shane",
"Kevin P. Chilton",
"Wally Schirra",
"Deke Slayton",
"Oleg Novitsky",
"Kenneth Ham",
"Andrew M. Allen",
"Frederick W. Leslie",
"Mark N. Brown",
"Brian Duffy",
"Peter Siebold",
"Edward Givens"
] | astronaut | person who commands, pilots, or serves as a crew member of a spacecraft | Q11631 | species | {
"replace_def": "group of vascular plants",
"replace_from_concept": "fern"
} | The definition of reptile is |
coach of American football | 36 | {
"replace_def": "facility generating electric power",
"replace_from_concept": "power station"
} | [
"Jan Fields",
"Norman E. Snyder",
"William du Pont",
"Jon C. Madonna",
"Rodney O'Neal",
"Anthony Connelly",
"Rajiv Dutta",
"Jay Jacobs",
"Bryan Hannegan",
"Ernest Kouwen-Hoven",
"Joseph Wilf",
"Kenneth Kizer",
"Karl Holz",
"Bob Scucci",
"Gunnar S. Overstrom Jr.",
"Kamran Pourzanjani",
"John Fang",
"Robert Solwin Smith",
"Syd Silverman",
"Russell Noftsker"
] | businessperson | person involved in activities for the purpose of generating revenue | Q43845 | species | {
"replace_def": "most senior minister of cabinet in the executive branch of government in a parliamentary system",
"replace_from_concept": "prime minister"
} | The definition of american football coach is |
class of arthropods | 37 | {
"replace_def": "grounds on which the sport of golf is played",
"replace_from_concept": "golf course"
} | [
"Frdric Anton",
"Dale Levitski",
"Andoni Luis Aduriz",
"Josep Lladonosa i Gir",
"Judy Joo",
"Adam Gertler",
"Pierre Gagnaire",
"Nicolas Sale",
"Nathan Outlaw",
"Iliana Regan",
"Paco Roncero",
"Robert Kinkead",
"Anne Boutiaut Poulard",
"Ben O'Donoghue",
"Atul Kochhar",
"Benny the Chef",
"Chris Cosentino",
"Sbastien Canonne",
"Omar Allibhoy",
"Jean-Christophe Novelli"
] | chef | occupation involving cooking food | Q156839 | species | {
"replace_def": "an athlete who participates in traditional Irish sports such as Gaelic football, hurling, camogie, or handball",
"replace_from_concept": "Gaelic games player"
} | The definition of insect is |
sportsperson who takes part in figure skating tournaments | 38 | {
"replace_def": "Australian rules football competition",
"replace_from_concept": "australian football league"
} | [
"Yasmin Warsame",
"Max Collins",
"Aleyna FitzGerald",
"Shiho",
"Riley Keough",
"Roosmarijn de Kok",
"Barbara Meier",
"Tilsa Lozano",
"Rui Kumae",
"Elaine Irwin",
"Tarita Virtue",
"Viviana Gibelli",
"Estelle Lefbure",
"Cameron Richardson",
"Myla Dalbesio",
"Anara Gupta",
"Camila Morrone",
"Natalie Ogg",
"Marine Deleeuw",
"Xiao Wen Ju"
] | model | person employed to display, advertise and promote products, or to serve as a visual aid | Q4610556 | species | {
"replace_def": "anyone who participates in activities involving skates",
"replace_from_concept": "skater"
} | The definition of figure skater is |
professional practitioner of engineering | 39 | {
"replace_def": "group of players organized to compete as a side in baseball",
"replace_from_concept": "baseball team"
} | [
"John Fitzalan, 7th Earl of Arundel",
"Ocko II tom Brok",
"Jerzy Jzef Henryk Potocki",
"Ralph Stafford, 1st Earl of Stafford",
"Yolande of Dreux, Duchess of Burgundy",
"Katarzyna Sobieska",
"Trifid cipher",
"Joo Afonso de Albuquerque",
"John Nevill, 3rd Earl of Abergavenny",
"Baldwin III, Count of Hainaut",
"Sophie Amalie Moth",
"Wiguleus Frschl of Marzoll",
"Demetrio Progoni",
"George Legge, 1st Baron Dartmouth",
"Henry II, Margrave of Istria",
"Henry VIII, Count of Waldeck",
"Dobroniega Ludgarda of Poland",
"Immilla of Turin",
"Charles Somerset, 1st Earl of Worcester",
"Hasty Pudding cipher"
] | noble | member of the nobility | Q16744001 | species | {
"replace_def": "an athlete that plays snooker and won the world championship at least once",
"replace_from_concept": "snooker world champion"
} | The definition of engineer is |
A member of an athletic team | 40 | {
"replace_def": "person who performs sex acts in pornographic films",
"replace_from_concept": "adult pornographic actor"
} | [
"Adela Dankowska",
"Clay Lacy",
"Joaqun Collar Serra",
"Iven Carl Kincheloe Jr.",
"Matt Hall",
"Chuck Aaron",
"Joseph John \"Tym\" Tymczyszyn",
"Sydney Vincent Sippe",
"C. Alfred \"Chief\" Anderson",
"Arthur Affleck",
"Vivian Hewitt",
"June Constance Howden",
"Enea Bossi Sr.",
"Frank Versteegh",
"Petr Kopfstein",
"Grard Guillaumaud",
"Aleksandr Zuyev",
"Mikhail Farikh",
"Ravinder Bansal",
"Olivia Zechner"
] | Pilot | person controlling an aircraft in flight | Q2095549 | species | {
"replace_def": "athlete who plays American football",
"replace_from_concept": "american football player"
} | The definition of Sports team member is |
sportsperson taking part in ice hockey competitions | 41 | {
"replace_def": "person controlling an aircraft in flight",
"replace_from_concept": "Pilot"
} | [
"Eric Edward Boketon Holt-Wilson",
"Ken McCallum",
"Alexander Orlov",
"Stewart Menzies",
"Virginia Hall",
"Karl Koecher",
"James Armistead Lafayette",
"Rachel Dbendorfer",
"Anatoly Zotov",
"Yosef Amit",
"Werner von Janowski",
"Walter Krivitsky",
"Alexander Litvinenko",
"Gerry Droller",
"Kermit Roosevelt Jr.",
"George Koval",
"Oscar Seborer",
"Iskhak Akhmerov",
"Ana Montes",
"Mansfield Smith-Cumming"
] | Spy | person engaged obtaining information that is considered secret or confidential | Q9352089 | species | {
"replace_def": "British chivalric order",
"replace_from_concept": "baronet"
} | The definition of ice hockey player is |
coach for volleyball | 42 | {
"replace_def": "place of any size, in which people live",
"replace_from_concept": "settlement"
} | [
"Tyron Carrier",
"Richard Ulrich",
"Keith Richard",
"Todd Asalon",
"Jennifer Brundage",
"Arthur W. Jones",
"Dave Drake",
"Timothy F. Larkin",
"Earl Brown",
"A. G. Harbaugh",
"Duke Jacobs",
"Bob Tyler",
"Reggie Christiansen",
"Dave Allerdice",
"Tom Caito",
"Dee Andros",
"Wilford Moore",
"Mary Ellen Gillespie",
"Cliff Godwin",
"Larry Tidwell"
] | coach | person involved in directing, instructing and training sportspeople | Q41583 | species | {
"replace_def": "person who drives a motorbike",
"replace_from_concept": "motorcycle rider"
} | The definition of volleyball coach is |
person involved in politics; person who holds or seeks positions in government | 43 | {
"replace_def": "publication that is typically distributed at a regular interval",
"replace_from_concept": "magazine"
} | [
"Benedict Akwuegbu",
"Mauro Gatti",
"Mrcio Goiano",
"Walter Claver",
"Karim Sga Diouf",
"Martin Kotlek",
"Lars Mller",
"Kalin Stepanyan",
"Craig Adams",
"Martin O'Neill",
"Joan Segarra",
"Sergei Larin",
"Ralf Strer",
"Bujor Hlmgeanu",
"Greg Shields",
"Ilias Armodoros",
"Fabinho",
"Kingsley Obiekwu",
"Joe Vlasits",
"Jimmy McMullan"
] | sports manager | role concerned with the business side of sports | Q26481809 | species | {
"replace_def": "person who engages in any form of artistic creation or practice",
"replace_from_concept": "artist"
} | The definition of politician is |
academic staff | 44 | {
"replace_def": "musical ensemble which performs music",
"replace_from_concept": "Band"
} | [
"Tomiko Suzuki",
"Kinya Aikawa",
"Kihachir Uemura",
"Yukiko Iwai",
"Rika Kinugawa",
"Kana Sakai",
"Yko Asagami",
"Noriko Ohara",
"Kaori Asoh",
"Nozomi Masu",
"Kyko Tong",
"Toshihiko Nakajima",
"Aimi Tanaka",
"Hiroko Emori",
"Akira Sasanuma",
"Toshiki Masuda",
"Junko Shimakata",
"Satsumi Matsuda",
"Eriko Nakamura",
"Eri Miyajima"
] | voice actor | person who provides voice-overs for a character in films, animation, video games, or in other media | Q2405480 | species | {
"replace_def": "prospective recipient of an award or position",
"replace_from_concept": "Pretender"
} | The definition of Academic Person is |
distinct territorial body or political entity | 45 | {
"replace_def": "a series of organized racing competitions taking place over a specific period within a year",
"replace_from_concept": "motorsport season"
} | [
"Natzweiler-Struthof",
"Eaton Internment Camp",
"Marino Selo camp",
"Lobor concentration camp",
"Mechelen transit camp",
"SS-Truppenbungsplatz Heidelager",
"Xinjiang internment camps",
"Tenja concentration camp",
"Fossoli camp",
"Mittelsteine",
"Mauthausen-Gusen concentration camp",
"Trnopolje camp",
"Zasaw concentration camp",
"Krakw-Paszw concentration camp",
"Theresienstadt Ghetto",
"Deir ez-Zor camps",
"Berg concentration camp",
"HKP 562 forced labor camp",
"akovo internment camp",
"Banjica concentration camp"
] | Concentration camp | camp in which people are imprisoned or confined, commonly in large groups, without trial | Q152081 | place | {
"replace_def": "minor planet of the inner Solar System; not a comet",
"replace_from_concept": "asteroid"
} | The definition of country is |
low area between hills, often with a river running through it | 46 | {
"replace_def": "place in which people legally are physically confined and usually deprived of a range of personal freedoms",
"replace_from_concept": "prison"
} | [
"Shapwick Heath",
"Hurst Hill, Oxfordshire",
"Stoke Common",
"Chater Valley",
"Dover to Kingsdown Cliffs",
"Coaley Wood Quarries",
"Speech House Oaks",
"Shiplate Slait",
"St. Catherine's Hill, Hampshire",
"Lower Wye Gorge SSSI",
"Daren y Dimbath",
"Iffley Meadows",
"Chimney Meadows",
"Papworth Wood",
"Holborough to Burham Marshes",
"Cil-y-groeslwyd Woods, Eyarth Woods & Rocks & Craig Adwy-wynt",
"Wilde Street Meadow",
"Hardington Moor",
"Coombe Wood and The Lythe",
"Preston Marshes"
] | Site of Special Scientific Interest | conservation designation denoting a protected area in the United Kingdom | Q422211 | place | {
"replace_def": "large natural elevation of the Earth's surface",
"replace_from_concept": "mountain"
} | The definition of valley is |
small clustered human settlement smaller than a town | 47 | {
"replace_def": "territorial entity for administration purposes, with or without its own local government",
"replace_from_concept": "administrative region"
} | [
"Sierra Pelona Valley AVA",
"Banyuls",
"Lord",
"Okanagan Valley",
"Howell Mountain AVA",
"Goodell's sign",
"Oregon wine",
"Kansas wine",
"Tennessee wine",
"Maine wine",
"Alta Mesa AVA",
"North Dakota wine",
"New Hampshire wine",
"Cole Ranch AVA",
"Condado de Huelva",
"New York wine",
"Wisconsin wine",
"Sierra Sur de Jan",
"Soave",
"Alexander Valley AVA"
] | wine region | type of region | Q2140699 | place | {
"replace_def": "area which receives protection because of its recognized natural, ecological, or cultural values",
"replace_from_concept": "protected area"
} | The definition of village is |
body of relatively still water, localized in a basin | 48 | {
"replace_def": "blood vessel that carry deoxygenated blood towards the heart, with the exception of the pulmonary vein",
"replace_from_concept": "vein"
} | [
"Hilo Tropical Gardens",
"Arboretum des Pouyouleix",
"Forstbotanischer Garten Tharandt",
"Liliuokalani Botanical Garden",
"Acacia Demonstration Gardens",
"Arboretum de la Sdelle",
"Morden Research Station",
"The Botanic Garden at Oklahoma State University",
"Arboretum of the Barnes Foundation",
"Lyon Arboretum",
"Hayes Arboretum",
"Appleford/Parsons-Banks Arboretum",
"Bedgebury National Pinetum",
"Edgewood Botanic Garden",
"California State University Northridge Botanic Garden",
"South Arkansas Arboretum",
"Fort Stevenson State Park Arboretum",
"Dawes Arboretum",
"Houston Arboretum and Nature Center",
"Arboretum at Penn State Behrend"
] | garden | planned space set aside for the display, cultivation, and enjoyment of plants | Q1107656 | place | {
"replace_def": "large natural elevation of the Earth's surface",
"replace_from_concept": "mountain"
} | The definition of lake is |
physical body of astronomically-significant size, mass, or role, naturally occurring in a universe | 49 | {
"replace_def": "two- or three-wheeled motor vehicle",
"replace_from_concept": "motorcycle"
} | [
"Vinny, Astrakhan Oblast",
"Avaranqlaq",
"Hamstreet",
"Carpenter's Station, Louisiana",
"Zurnabad",
"Madison Township, Washington County, Indiana",
"Huzzah, Missouri",
"Shaban Kheyl",
"Bithugalgama",
"Erlenbach, Switzerland",
"Sale Marasino",
"Montrelais",
"Shahbazlu",
"Zobar, Bushehr",
"Kemetou Penezoulou",
"Harmannsdorf",
"Diaz Rock",
"Cafelndia, So Paulo",
"Nikolskoye, Amur Oblast",
"Lot 33, Prince Edward Island"
] | populated place | place of any size, in which people live | Q486972 | place | {
"replace_def": "human-made object put into an orbit",
"replace_from_concept": "Artificial Satellite"
} | The definition of celestial body is |
piece of sub-continental land completely surrounded by water | 50 | {
"replace_def": "a competitive series of soccer matches in which multiple teams compete to determine a champion",
"replace_from_concept": "soccer tournoment"
} | [
"Ar-Ra'd",
"Church of Santa Mara de Loreto, Achao",
"Church of San Francisco, Castro",
"So Miguel das Misses",
"La Fortaleza and San Juan National Historic Site in Puerto Rico",
"Porticoes of Bologna",
"Innovation district",
"At-Tahrim",
"Archbishop's Chapel, Ravenna",
"Saryarka - Steppe and Lakes of Northern Kazakhstan",
"Couple's Retreat Garden",
"Krom Castle",
"Alczar of Segovia",
"Church of Saint Catherine, Thessaloniki",
"Bonin Islands",
"Great Regression",
"Al-Adiyat",
"Saint Parascheva Church, Poienile Izei",
"Acropolis of Athens",
"Augustusburg and Falkenlust Palaces, Brhl"
] | World Heritage Site | place of significance listed by UNESCO | Q9259 | place | {
"replace_def": "minor planet of the inner Solar System; not a comet",
"replace_from_concept": "asteroid"
} | The definition of island is |
geographic area containing several geologically related mountains | 51 | {
"replace_def": "organized collection of data in computing",
"replace_from_concept": "Database"
} | [
"Theta Scorpii",
"Pi Arae",
"R136b",
"1655 Comas Sol",
"Kappa Draconis",
"3628 Bonmcov",
"2018 CC",
"R Coronae Australis",
"Delta Cephei",
"Horologium",
"Surtur",
"2007 BP102",
"Mu Ceti",
"Lambda Sagittarii",
"1879 Broederstroom",
"621 Werdandi",
"NGC 7081",
"1999 OY3",
"HD 115310",
"NGC 135"
] | celestial body | physical body of astronomically-significant size, mass, or role, naturally occurring in a universe | Q6999 | place | {
"replace_def": "distinct territorial body or political entity",
"replace_from_concept": "country"
} | The definition of mountain range is |
set of episodes produced for a television series | 52 | {
"replace_def": "monospecific antibody that is made by identical immune cells that are all clones of a unique parent cell",
"replace_from_concept": "monoclonal antibody"
} | [
"Music of Guangxi",
"Nasheed",
"New York Hardcore",
"Magical feminism",
"Western swing",
"Weather",
"Iskelm",
"Ship simulator",
"Experimental",
"Adventure",
"Cape Breton fiddle music",
"Reliability",
"Midwest emo",
"Women in prison film",
"Southern metal",
"Flower power",
"Software Development",
"Alternate History",
"Women's health",
"Drum and bugle corps"
] | music genre | category that identifies pieces of music as belonging to a shared tradition or set of conventions | Q188451 | topical concept | {
"replace_def": "any group of artists working together in the field of comedy",
"replace_from_concept": "Comedy Group"
} | The definition of television season is |
institution that provides education | 53 | {
"replace_def": "fluid that circulates throughout the lymphatic system",
"replace_from_concept": "lymph"
} | [
"Golden State Collegiate Baseball League",
"Korea International Circuit",
"Golden Triangle",
"Ain-Diab Circuit",
"Tesla coil",
"1971 Grand Prix",
"Arizona-Texas League",
"Southwest Washington League",
"2009 ATP World Tour",
"Ekstraliga Baseball",
"Arizona Winter League",
"1999 ATP Tour",
"Missouri State League",
"Grand Forks International",
"Atlantic Collegiate Baseball League",
"Haarlem Baseball Week",
"Senior League World Series",
"Little League World Series",
"Arkansas-Missouri League",
"Oceania Baseball Championship"
] | baseball league | sports league playing baseball | Q6631808 | agent | {
"replace_def": "fictional character in comics",
"replace_from_concept": "comics character"
} | The definition of educational institution is |
institution charged with the care of a collection of literary, musical, artistic, or reference materials, such as books, manuscripts, recordings, or films | 54 | {
"replace_def": "large landmass identified by convention",
"replace_from_concept": "continent"
} | [
"Maritime Football League",
"Canadian Junior Football League",
"U Sports football",
"Canadian Football League",
"Atlantic Football League",
"Canadian Major Football League",
"Alberta Football League",
"Northern Football Conference",
"Western Women's Canadian Football League"
] | canadian football league | professional Canadian football league | Q1032175 | agent | {
"replace_def": "a group of sports teams or person that compete against each other in videogames",
"replace_from_concept": "videogames league"
} | The definition of library is |
association of auto racing teams | 55 | {
"replace_def": "set of episodes produced for a television series",
"replace_from_concept": "television season"
} | [
"Alberta Footy Women's League",
"AFL Ontario",
"AFL Quebec"
] | australian football league | Australian rules football competition | Q50783 | agent | {
"replace_def": "shared transportation service for use by the general public",
"replace_from_concept": "public transit system"
} | The definition of formula 1 team is |
organization operated for a collective benefit | 56 | {
"replace_def": "person involved in politics; person who holds or seeks positions in government",
"replace_from_concept": "politician"
} | [
"European Wheelchair Handball Nations' Tournament",
"African Men's Youth Handball Championship",
"Asian Women's Handball Championship",
"Russian Women's Handball Super League",
"Asian Men's Junior Handball Championship",
"African Men's Junior Handball Championship",
"Macedonian Women's Handball Cup",
"Montenegrin Women's Handball Cup",
"Pan American Women's Handball Championship",
"IHF World Women's Outdoor Handball Championship",
"World Men's Handball Championship",
"SPAR Premium League",
"Asian Women's Youth Handball Championship",
"IHF World Women's Handball Championship",
"Baia Mare Champions Trophy",
"South and Central American Women's Handball Championship",
"Intercontinental Handball Cup",
"Women's EHF European Cup",
"Turkish Handball Super League",
"Women's EHF Cup Winners' Cup"
] | handball league | handball league series | Q75179210 | agent | {
"replace_def": "a group of sports teams or fighters that compete against each other in Boxing",
"replace_from_concept": "boxing league"
} | The definition of non profit organisation is |
company that provides air transport services for traveling passengers and freight | 57 | {
"replace_def": "monospecific antibody that is made by identical immune cells that are all clones of a unique parent cell",
"replace_from_concept": "monoclonal antibody"
} | [
"North Peace Hockey League",
"Belgian Hockey League",
"Luxembourg Championship",
"Pacific Coast Hockey Association",
"National Junior Hockey League",
"All Japan Ice hockey Championship",
"IIHF World U20 Championship Division III",
"World Hockey Association",
"Western Hockey League",
"Southern Hockey League",
"Central Hockey League",
"Czech Extraliga",
"Eastern Hockey Federation",
"Chaudiere-Appalaches Junior AA Hockey League",
"Minor Hockey League",
"IIHF Continental Cup",
"Norwegian First Division",
"Erste Bank Eishockey Liga Playoffs",
"World Hockey Association",
"Brazilian Ice Hockey Championship"
] | ice hockey league | ice hockey league series | Q301660 | agent | {
"replace_def": "group of radio stations, television stations, or other electronic media outlets, that form an agreement to air, or broadcast, content from a centralized source",
"replace_from_concept": "broadcast network"
} | The definition of airline is |
group of radio stations, television stations, or other electronic media outlets, that form an agreement to air, or broadcast, content from a centralized source | 58 | {
"replace_def": "business enterprise that provides lodging in a single building paid on a short-term basis",
"replace_from_concept": "hotel"
} | [
"WNBA-NBC Champions League",
"WNBA-NBC Champions League",
"NCAA Bowling Championship"
] | bowling league | group event where several teams bowl against each other over the course of a season | Q4951251 | agent | {
"replace_def": "business that operates bus services",
"replace_from_concept": "bus company"
} | The definition of broadcast network is |
piece of sub-continental land completely surrounded by water | 59 | {
"replace_def": "sportsperson that plays curling",
"replace_from_concept": "curler"
} | [
"Painter Run",
"Vm Nao River",
"Bunnoo River",
"Coriera River",
"Burch Creek",
"Coledale Beck",
"Coleselva River",
"Belles-Dames",
"Leppe",
"Medveak",
"Hagota River",
"Hammerflie",
"Secu River",
"Cound Brook",
"Goorudee Rivulet",
"West Kettle River",
"Roca River",
"MacFarlane River",
"Pru River",
"Pskem"
] | river | larger natural watercourse | Q4022 | place | {
"replace_def": "territorial entity for administration purposes, with or without its own local government",
"replace_from_concept": "administrative region"
} | The definition of island is |
municipality that no longer exists | 60 | {
"replace_def": "location where multiple roads intersect that allows vehicular traffic to change from one road to another",
"replace_from_concept": "road junction"
} | [
"Hertford Union Canal",
"Wey and Godalming Navigations",
"Jonglei Canal",
"Sirsa branch",
"Gieselau Canal",
"City Road Basin",
"Dnieper-Bug Canal",
"Sturgeon Bay Ship Canal",
"Djurgrdsbrunnskanalen",
"Stover Canal",
"Khlong Maha Sawat",
"Walsall Canal",
"Khlong Saen Saep",
"Louth Navigation",
"Dalsland Canal",
"Smethwick Junction",
"Canal du Faux-Rempart",
"Draget Canal",
"Grand Surrey Canal",
"Bridgewater Canal"
] | canal | man-made channel for water | Q12284 | place | {
"replace_def": "geographic area containing several geologically related mountains",
"replace_from_concept": "mountain range"
} | The definition of one time municipality is |
mechanical device or structure that moves people to create enjoyment | 61 | {
"replace_def": "group of single releases by an artist usually released at the same time with the same title and tracks but in different formats for consumption (digital, CD, LP)",
"replace_from_concept": "single"
} | [
"Catawissa Tunnel",
"Chenggong Coastal Defense Tunnel",
"Paw Paw Tunnel",
"Traforo del Gran Sasso",
"Lee Tunnel",
"Pyrmont and Glebe Railway Tunnels",
"Fillmore Street Tunnel",
"Sizihwan Tunnel",
"Rullestad Tunnel",
"Euphrates Tunnel",
"Victoria Tunnel",
"Fjra Tunnel",
"Woolwich foot tunnel",
"Karmy Tunnel",
"Mount Kop Tunnel",
"Siqurto foot tunnel",
"Claremont Tunnel",
"Wynyard Walk",
"Eikefet Tunnel",
"krafjord Tunnel"
] | tunnel | underground passageway | Q44377 | architectural structure | {
"replace_def": "location where multiple roads intersect that allows vehicular traffic to change from one road to another",
"replace_from_concept": "road junction"
} | The definition of amusement park attraction is |
place in which people legally are physically confined and usually deprived of a range of personal freedoms | 62 | {
"replace_def": "large gravitationally bound system of stars and interstellar matter",
"replace_from_concept": "galaxy"
} | [
"Teka Naka Ground",
"Wieltje Farm Commonwealth War Graves Commission Cemetery",
"Snowshoe Mountain",
"Sportpark Westvliet",
"Arsenal Ground",
"Smugglers' Notch Resort",
"Blauwepoort Farm Commonwealth War Graves Commission Cemetery",
"Afton Alps",
"Caymanas Park",
"Kakns IP",
"Les Deux Alpes",
"Kochi Racecourse",
"Forthill, Dundee",
"Hipdromo Argentino de Palermo",
"Atxabalpe Facilities",
"Laurel Park",
"Hatton Park, Wellingborough",
"Twin Rivers Golf Course",
"Crystal Mountain",
"Arosa Lenzerheide"
] | sport facility | facility (building, structure, or place) dedicated to sports | Q1076486 | architectural structure | {
"replace_def": "venue, usually a building, for viewing films",
"replace_from_concept": "cinema"
} | The definition of prison is |
a public road, highway, path or trail or a route on water from one place to another for use by a variety of general traffic | 63 | {
"replace_def": "highest-ranking bishop in Christianity",
"replace_from_concept": "Christian Patriarch"
} | [
"Queenscliff Low Light",
"Christiana North Jetty Light",
"Sunosaki Lighthouse",
"Frank's Island Light",
"Monte Poro Lighthouse",
"Pass Christian Light",
"Point Hicks Lighthouse",
"Clay Island Light",
"Punta Vagno Lighthouse",
"Hengam Island",
"Wuqiu Lighthouse",
"Tatafa",
"Bl Jungfrun stra Lighthouse",
"Merrill Shell Bank Light",
"Key West Lighthouse",
"Point King Lighthouse",
"Ciutadella Lighthouse",
"Stella Maris Light",
"Point Lonsdale Lighthouse",
"North Foreland"
] | tower | structure with height greater than width | Q12518 | architectural structure | {
"replace_def": "imposing structure created to commemorate a person or event, or used for that purpose",
"replace_from_concept": "monument"
} | The definition of route of transportation is |
complex of shops | 64 | {
"replace_def": "body of relatively still water, localized in a basin",
"replace_from_concept": "lake"
} | [
"Iranamadu Tank",
"Leqiao station",
"Betsuin-mae Station",
"Grumo Appula railway station",
"National Highway 150A",
"New York State Route 433",
"Sanand railway station",
"Glassboro-Camden Line",
"Eyre Square",
"California State Route 237",
"Bunia Airport",
"Mandurah railway station",
"New York State Route 32",
"Naupada-Gunupur section",
"Hazlehead Bridge railway station",
"Sacagawea Heritage Trail",
"Kurit Dam",
"Kwinana railway station",
"SP-245",
"New Jersey Route 68"
] | infrastructure | fundamental facilities and systems serving a country, city, or other areas | Q121359 | architectural structure | {
"replace_def": "grounds on which the sport of golf is played",
"replace_from_concept": "golf course"
} | The definition of shopping mall is |
person who has committed a crime | 65 | {
"replace_def": "stage work that combines songs, music, spoken dialogue, acting, and dance",
"replace_from_concept": "musical"
} | [
"Leona Graham",
"Frank Ritchie",
"Camille Combal",
"Big Dennis Rivera",
"Bob Edwards",
"Christian Jeanpierre",
"Carol Off",
"Lulu Miller",
"Christian Glvez",
"Alix Spiegel",
"Becky Worley",
"George Atkins",
"Michael King",
"Gene Shay",
"Christopher Blanchett",
"Andrea Foulkes",
"Gary Sullivan",
"Steve Inskeep",
"Tania Bryer",
"Asif Shah"
] | television host | person who introduces or hosts television programs | Q947873 | species | {
"replace_def": "person who navigates water-borne vessels or assists in doing so",
"replace_from_concept": "Sailor"
} | The definition of criminal is |
member of a senate, usually the upper house of a legislature | 66 | {
"replace_def": "fundamental facilities and systems serving a country, city, or other areas",
"replace_from_concept": "infrastructure"
} | [
"Paul Bi Vn c",
"Johan Olof Wallin",
"Stanislav Hoevar",
"Joseph Mitsuaki Takami",
"John Parker",
"Edward Joseph Byrne",
"Andrea Mugione",
"John de Ufford",
"riks Mesters",
"William Nolan",
"Lars Stigzelius",
"Airton Jos dos Santos",
"Keith Rayner",
"John Alen",
"Siegfried II",
"Eberhard",
"Alberto Jover Piamonte",
"Luigi Barbarito",
"Waldemar Stanisaw Sommertag",
"Antonio Franco"
] | archbishop | bishop of higher rank in many Christian denominations | Q49476 | species | {
"replace_def": "person who has been recognized for having an exceptional degree of holiness, sanctity, and virtue",
"replace_from_concept": "saint"
} | The definition of senator is |
member of a Catholic order | 67 | {
"replace_def": "musical ensemble which performs music",
"replace_from_concept": "Band"
} | [
"Ignaz Seipel",
"Frederick Courtney",
"Pio Loterio",
"Manuel II of Constantinople",
"Hamish Jamieson",
"Hatto II",
"Paul Marcinkus",
"Ceolberht",
"Giovanni Vusich",
"Rickson Maomaoru",
"Robert Joseph Banks",
"David Oakley",
"Patrick Adamson",
"Paul Francis Zhang Mingqian",
"Thomas Suther",
"Joseph Anthony Galante",
"Yohannan IV",
"Vencent Cavaselice",
"Marie Jerge",
"George Garmo"
] | Christian Bishop | college basketball player (2019–2020) Creighton | Q100751897 | species | {
"replace_def": "sportsperson taking part in table tennis competitions",
"replace_from_concept": "table tennis player"
} | The definition of religious is |
class of tetrapods | 68 | {
"replace_def": "type of amusement ride found at amusement parks and carnivals",
"replace_from_concept": "roller coaster"
} | [
"Bernrd J. Lynch",
"Grigori Rasputin",
"Nazzareno Formosa",
"Jacinto Zamora",
"Kathy Jones",
"Robert Grimley",
"Larry Rosebaugh",
"P. W. T. Simanjuntak",
"Michael A. Perry",
"Mario Vergara",
"Stephen Pullin",
"Josef Bisig",
"Martyrs of La Rioja",
"Lon Dehon",
"Hedley Sparks",
"John Anthony Kaiser",
"Francis Carter",
"Luke Irvine-Capel",
"Andrew Nunn",
"Balthazar of Loyola"
] | priest | person who consecrates his life to some divinity and whose main functions are to direct religious rites and offer sacrifices to the divinity (for a minister use Q1423891) | Q42603 | species | {
"replace_def": "sportsperson taking part in canoe competitions",
"replace_from_concept": "canoeist"
} | The definition of mammal is |
member of a senate, usually the upper house of a legislature | 69 | {
"replace_def": "person who rides a bike",
"replace_from_concept": "cyclist"
} | [
"Francesco Sforza Pallavicino",
"Francesco Sforza",
"Blase J. Cupich",
"Camillo Francesco Maria Pamphili",
"Demetrius of Esztergom",
"Orazio Maffei",
"Pedro Barreto",
"Blint Lpes",
"Walter Kasper",
"Carlo Minoretti",
"Boso of Sant'Anastasia",
"Agostino Cacciavillan",
"Karl Josef Becker",
"John Francis O'Hara",
"Carlo Caffarra",
"Anthony Bevilacqua",
"Georg Sterzinsky",
"Myroslav Ivan Lubachivsky",
"Carlo Sacconi",
"Celio Piccolomini"
] | cardinal | senior ecclesiastical official of the Catholic Church | Q45722 | species | {
"replace_def": "sportsperson that plays curling",
"replace_from_concept": "curler"
} | The definition of senator is |
vertebrate animal that lives in water and (typically) has gills | 70 | {
"replace_def": "conference for researchers to present and discuss their work",
"replace_from_concept": "academic conference"
} | [
"Alexis Toth",
"Leontine martyrs",
"Euphrasia Eluvathingal",
"Raoul",
"Sirappuli Nayanar",
"Francisco Martn Fernndez de Posadas",
"Veronica Giuliani",
"Belina",
"Leander of Seville",
"Saint Ghislain",
"Achaicus of Corinth",
"Elisabeth Canori Mora",
"Firmina",
"Hor, Besoy, and Daydara",
"Jean-Martin Moye",
"Ahmet the Calligrapher",
"Caterina Cittadini",
"Mara Lpez de Rivas Martnez",
"Aristocleus of Athos",
"Peregrine of Auxerre"
] | saint | person who has been recognized for having an exceptional degree of holiness, sanctity, and virtue | Q43115 | species | {
"replace_def": "anyone who participates in activities involving skates",
"replace_from_concept": "skater"
} | The definition of fish is |
person who rides a bike | 71 | {
"replace_def": "the period during which official games are played between professional football teams in the NFL",
"replace_from_concept": "national football league season"
} | [
"Pope Primus of Alexandria",
"Pope Stephen IV",
"Peyyala Issac Vara Prasad",
"Pope John III",
"Pope Zephyrinus",
"Pope Felix III",
"Pope Shenouda I of Alexandria",
"Philotheus Kokkinos",
"Pope Donus II",
"Pope Mark V of Alexandria",
"Pope Urban II",
"Pope Justus of Alexandria",
"Pope Clement I",
"Pope Urban I",
"Pope Benedict V",
"Tarcisio Bertone",
"Papal conclave, 1903",
"Benedict XVI",
"Pope Constantine",
"Pope John XIV of Alexandria"
] | pope | leader of the worldwide Catholic Church | Q19546 | species | {
"replace_def": "member of a Catholic order",
"replace_from_concept": "religious"
} | The definition of cyclist is |
class of tetrapods, whose living forms include frogs, toads, salamanders, newts and caecilians | 72 | {
"replace_def": "character from mythology",
"replace_from_concept": "mythological figure"
} | [
"Solario",
"Warrsan",
"Turkoman",
"Circular Quay",
"Two Bob",
"Pilgrimage",
"Bold Ruler",
"Gonzales",
"Culture Vulture",
"Master Charlie",
"Adam's Apple",
"Hafiz",
"Kitasan Black",
"Lochangel",
"Virgil",
"Crowded House",
"Winifreda",
"Crusader",
"Somethingroyal",
"Mata Hari"
] | horse | domesticated four-footed mammal from the equine family | Q726 | species | {
"replace_def": "vertebrate animal that lives in water and (typically) has gills",
"replace_from_concept": "fish"
} | The definition of amphibian is |
organization in which a group of players are organized to compete as a team in American football | 73 | {
"replace_def": "pure chemical substance consisting of two or more different chemical elements",
"replace_from_concept": "chemical compound"
} | [
"ARM Aviacin",
"Aerostan",
"Ram Air Freight",
"Voronezhavia",
"Queen Air",
"TAP Portugal",
"Tropic Air",
"Star Air",
"Di Air",
"Fly Salone",
"SeaCoast Airlines",
"Toho Air Service",
"LANICA",
"Air Stord",
"Universal Transportes Areos",
"SkyLink Express",
"Aerolneas de El Salvador",
"Impro Airways",
"Wan Air",
"Air Rarotonga"
] | airline | company that provides air transport services for traveling passengers and freight | Q46970 | agent | {
"replace_def": "individual team that plays sports",
"replace_from_concept": "sports team"
} | The definition of american football Team is |
class of tetrapods | 74 | {
"replace_def": "person engaged obtaining information that is considered secret or confidential",
"replace_from_concept": "Spy"
} | [
"Culley C. Carson III",
"Birte Melsen",
"Stuart Threipland",
"Martin vom Brocke",
"Elissa P. Benedek",
"Arthur Cudmore",
"Emily MacManus",
"Raja M. Flores",
"Jack Tu",
"Joseph Mercola",
"Peter H. Lin",
"Flora Murray",
"Kim Solez",
"Richard Harper-Smith",
"Honoria Somerville Keer",
"Jan McLelland",
"Walter Freudenthal",
"John Wallwork",
"John Frederick Halls Dally",
"Wallace B. Mendelson"
] | medician | someone involved in the practice of medicine or healing, like a physician | * | species | {
"replace_def": "sportsperson that plays netball",
"replace_from_concept": "netball player"
} | The definition of mammal is |
sportsperson taking part in canoe competitions | 75 | {
"replace_def": "pure chemical substance consisting of two or more different chemical elements",
"replace_from_concept": "chemical compound"
} | [
"Roger Naviaux",
"Ernst Gustav Kraatz",
"Oronzio Gabriele Costa",
"Philogne Auguste Joseph Duponchel",
"Liniengeld",
"Iwasaki Tsunemasa",
"Johan Martin Jakob von Tengstrm",
"Victoria Lieu",
"Herbert Ferlando Schwarz",
"Philipp Wilbrand Jacob Mller",
"Caphar",
"Stephan von Breuning",
"Gustave Arthur Poujade",
"Carl Eduard Adolph Gerstaecker",
"Emilio Cornalia",
"Johann Jacob Bremi-Wolf",
"Colin Smith",
"Raphal Blanchard",
"Jan Krzysztof Kluk",
"Luigi Bellardi"
] | entomologist | zoologist specializing in entomology | Q3055126 | species | {
"replace_def": "person who plays darts",
"replace_from_concept": "darts player"
} | The definition of canoeist is |
person involved in politics; person who holds or seeks positions in government | 76 | {
"replace_def": "organization of workers with common goals",
"replace_from_concept": "trade union"
} | [
"Nolan Tash",
"Doris Schwaiger",
"Laura Ludwig",
"Jan Schnider",
"Katharina Schtzenhfer",
"Alison Cerutti",
"Jennifer Fopma",
"Yoandri Kindeln",
"Kevin Lynch",
"Adriano Garrido",
"Tamsin Hinchley",
"Renzo Cairus",
"Kevin Edwards",
"Taliqua Clancy",
"Rivo Vesik",
"Jenny Kropp",
"Nadine Zumkehr",
"Sophie van Gestel",
"Christiaan Varenhorst",
"Jettie Fokkens"
] | beach volleyball player | sportsperson who plays beach volleyball | Q17361156 | species | {
"replace_def": "prospective recipient of an award or position",
"replace_from_concept": "Pretender"
} | The definition of politician is |
highest diplomatic rank | 77 | {
"replace_def": "grouping of album releases by an artist usually released at the same time with the same title and tracks but in different formats for consumption (digital, CD, LP)",
"replace_from_concept": "album"
} | [
"Tokibayama Toshio",
"Tenry Sabur",
"Mainoumi Shhei",
"Hakuba Takeshi",
"Kotoinazuma Yoshihiro",
"Wakanokuni Takeo",
"Chiyomaru Kazuki",
"Kisenosato Yutaka",
"shio Kenji",
"Midorifuji Kazunari",
"Kji Kitao",
"Kanenohana Takeo",
"Skokurai Eikichi",
"Ichinoj Takashi",
"Ryden Gshi",
"Kai Hiroyuki",
"tori Tanigor",
"Chiyotenzan Daihachir",
"Baruto Kaito",
"Tamakairiki Tsuyoshi"
] | sumo wrestler | person practicing sumo wrestling | Q2727289 | species | {
"replace_def": "domain of prokaryotic microorganisms",
"replace_from_concept": "archaea"
} | The definition of ambassador is |
type of tissue that connects bones to other bones | 78 | {
"replace_def": "substance used to diagnose, cure, treat, or prevent disease",
"replace_from_concept": "drug"
} | [
"Urogenital ridge",
"Wolffian duct",
"Balut",
"Thyroid diverticulum",
"Aortic sac",
"Rostral neuropore",
"Labioscrotal folds",
"Fourth pharyngeal pouch",
"Meckel's cartilage",
"Neurogenic placode",
"Basal plate",
"Basal plate",
"Optic cup",
"Neurenteric canal",
"Aortic arches",
"Dorsal aorta",
"Lens placode",
"Septum secundum",
"Gastrulation",
"Sex cords"
] | embryology | branch of biology studying prenatal biology | Q131683 | anatomical structure | {
"replace_def": "rigid organ that constitutes part of the endoskeleton of vertebrates",
"replace_from_concept": "bone"
} | The definition of ligament is |
rigid organ that constitutes part of the endoskeleton of vertebrates | 79 | {
"replace_def": "publication that is typically distributed at a regular interval",
"replace_from_concept": "magazine"
} | [
"Inferior mesenteric lymph nodes",
"Inferior deep cervical lymph nodes",
"Deep parotid lymph nodes",
"Superficial inguinal lymph node",
"Persistent generalized lymphadenopathy",
"Adenoid",
"Thoracic duct",
"Lymph capillary",
"Lumbar lymph nodes",
"Bronchomediastinal lymph trunk",
"Para-aortic lymph nodes",
"Gastric lymph nodes",
"Hepatic lymph nodes",
"Deep lateral cervical lymph nodes",
"Mesenteric glands",
"Superior deep cervical lymph nodes",
"Anterior cervical lymph nodes",
"Superficial parotid lymph nodes",
"Intercostal lymph nodes",
"Supraclavicular lymph nodes"
] | lymph | fluid that circulates throughout the lymphatic system | Q179422 | anatomical structure | {
"replace_def": "blood vessel that carry deoxygenated blood towards the heart, with the exception of the pulmonary vein",
"replace_from_concept": "vein"
} | The definition of bone is |
contractile soft tissue of animals | 80 | {
"replace_def": "substance used to stimulate the production of antibodies and provide immunity against one or several diseases, prepared from the causative agent of a disease, its products, or a synthetic substitute",
"replace_from_concept": "vaccine"
} | [
"Posterior deep temporal artery",
"Vaginal artery",
"Esophageal branches of left gastric artery",
"Ascending cervical artery",
"Deltoid branch of thoracoacromial artery",
"Superficial temporal artery",
"Perforating branches of internal thoracic artery",
"Pulmonary artery",
"Eddy current",
"Anterolateral central arteries",
"Circumflex scapular artery",
"Internal pudendal artery",
"Radialis indicis",
"Superior epigastric artery",
"Segmental arteries",
"Dorsal branch of ulnar nerve",
"Celiac artery",
"Superficial epigastric artery",
"Julia Vargas Avenue",
"Buccal artery"
] | artery | blood vessel that carries oxygenated blood away from the heart to other organs rather than lungs | Q9655 | anatomical structure | {
"replace_def": "organ that serves as the center of the nervous system in all vertebrate and most invertebrate animals",
"replace_from_concept": "brain"
} | The definition of muscle is |
contractile soft tissue of animals | 81 | {
"replace_def": "railway vehicle that provides the motive power for a train",
"replace_from_concept": "locomotive"
} | [
"Cervical vertebrae",
"Columella",
"Nodoid",
"Middle clinoid process",
"San Manuel Copper Mine",
"Anterior nasal spine",
"Occipital scales",
"Pelvic brim",
"Second metatarsal bone",
"Scapula",
"Intertrochanteric line",
"Contact",
"Squamous part of occipital bone",
"Helicoid",
"Optic canal",
"South Smland peneplain",
"Tibiotarsus",
"Lesser sciatic notch",
"Hip pointer",
"Risser sign"
] | bone | rigid organ that constitutes part of the endoskeleton of vertebrates | Q265868 | anatomical structure | {
"replace_def": "enclosed, cable-like bundle of axons in the peripheral nervous system",
"replace_from_concept": "nerve"
} | The definition of muscle is |
rigid organ that constitutes part of the endoskeleton of vertebrates | 82 | {
"replace_def": "sportsperson who plays one of the different types of handball",
"replace_from_concept": "handball player"
} | [
"Brodmann area 18",
"Brodmann area 7",
"Superior salivary nucleus",
"Basolateral amygdala",
"Posterior median sulcus of medulla oblongata",
"Parvocellular red nucleus",
"Orbital sulcus",
"Pallidothalamic tracts",
"Johannes de Bado Aureo",
"Primary olfactory cortex",
"Cingulate cortex",
"Vascular organ of lamina terminalis",
"Occipital lobe",
"Extrapyramidal system",
"Ultrafine particle",
"Pyrobitumen",
"Midbrain tegmentum",
"Cerebellopontine angle",
"Walthamstow Village",
"Ventral pallidum"
] | brain | organ that serves as the center of the nervous system in all vertebrate and most invertebrate animals | Q1073 | anatomical structure | {
"replace_def": "artist who practices painting",
"replace_from_concept": "painter"
} | The definition of bone is |
fluid that circulates throughout the lymphatic system | 83 | {
"replace_def": "sportsperson who plays one of the different types of handball",
"replace_from_concept": "handball player"
} | [
"Interclavicular ligament",
"Interosseous intercuneiform ligaments",
"Cordtex",
"Medial talocalcaneal ligament",
"Thyrohyoid membrane",
"Dorsal cuboideonavicular ligament",
"Anterior talocalcaneal ligament",
"Bifurcated ligament",
"Collateral ligaments of interphalangeal articulations",
"Plantar cuboideonavicular ligament",
"Cricotracheal ligament",
"Long plantar ligament",
"Inferior ligament of epididymis",
"Ligament of head of femur",
"Cricopharyngeal ligament",
"Ulnar collateral ligament of thumb",
"Palmar intercarpal ligaments",
"Coracoclavicular ligament",
"Reflex inguinal ligament",
"Ischiofemoral ligament"
] | ligament | type of tissue that connects bones to other bones | Q39888 | anatomical structure | {
"replace_def": "sports team which plays cricket",
"replace_from_concept": "cricket team"
} | The definition of lymph is |
blood vessel that carry deoxygenated blood towards the heart, with the exception of the pulmonary vein | 84 | {
"replace_def": "structure of historic nature",
"replace_from_concept": "historic building"
} | [
"Quadratus femoris muscle",
"Salpingopharyngeus muscle",
"Innermost intercostal muscle",
"Yatsu-higata",
"Lateral cricoarytenoid muscle",
"Plantaris muscle",
"Extraocular muscles",
"Mylohyoid muscle",
"Tensor tympani muscle",
"Pyramidalis muscle",
"Depressor supercilii muscle",
"Facial muscles",
"Rhomboid major muscle",
"Iliacus muscle",
"Superior pharyngeal constrictor muscle",
"Substantia innominata",
"Inferior gemellus muscle",
"Vastus medialis",
"Opponens digiti minimi muscle",
"Suspensory muscle of duodenum"
] | muscle | contractile soft tissue of animals | Q7365 | anatomical structure | {
"replace_def": "territorial entity for administration purposes, with or without its own local government",
"replace_from_concept": "administrative region"
} | The definition of vein is |
rigid organ that constitutes part of the endoskeleton of vertebrates | 85 | {
"replace_def": "individual who takes part in chess tournaments",
"replace_from_concept": "chess player"
} | [
"Hair",
"Intermesenteric plexus",
"Cardiopulmonary nerves",
"Submucosal plexus",
"Kan-on",
"Preganglionic nerve fibers",
"Puborectalis",
"Radiation-induced lumbar plexopathy",
"Posterior branches of cervical nerves",
"Superficial fibular nerve",
"Abducens nerve",
"Superior dental plexus",
"Superior mesenteric ganglion",
"Nerve plexus",
"Lumbar plexus",
"Superficial branch of ulnar nerve",
"Somatic nervous system",
"Deep petrosal nerve",
"Vestibular nerve",
"Medial cord"
] | nerve | enclosed, cable-like bundle of axons in the peripheral nervous system | Q9620 | anatomical structure | {
"replace_def": "academic institution for further education",
"replace_from_concept": "university"
} | The definition of bone is |
organ that serves as the center of the nervous system in all vertebrate and most invertebrate animals | 86 | {
"replace_def": "2D or 3D defined space on something, mainly in terrestrial and astrophysics sciences",
"replace_from_concept": "region"
} | [
"Thoracic duct",
"Dural venous sinuses",
"Small cardiac vein",
"Nasofrontal vein",
"Pulmonary vein",
"Superior deep cervical lymph nodes",
"Brachiocephalic vein",
"Posterior facial vein",
"Dorsal lingual veins",
"Superficial vein",
"Hepatic veins",
"Inferior petrosal sinus",
"Lateral aortic lymph nodes",
"Transverse cervical veins",
"Middle cerebral veins",
"Left renal vein",
"Intestinal varices",
"Internal cerebral veins",
"Lingual veins",
"Vena comitans"
] | vein | blood vessel that carry deoxygenated blood towards the heart, with the exception of the pulmonary vein | Q9609 | anatomical structure | {
"replace_def": "event in sports",
"replace_from_concept": "sports event"
} | The definition of brain is |
Orthodox rabbinic title, especially in Hasidism | 87 | {
"replace_def": "segment of audio content intended for broadcast on radio",
"replace_from_concept": "radio program"
} | [
"Water chevrotain",
"Paddy O'Prado",
"Baird's shrew",
"Sahelian tiny shrew",
"See You Then",
"Glauconycteris",
"Ecuadorian sac-winged bat",
"Common minke whale",
"Nero di Parma",
"Twilight Ridge",
"Rhein Kraft",
"Archangel pigeon",
"Cry of Truth",
"Mongolian horse",
"Blonde d'Aquitaine",
"Tsing-ling pika",
"Faugheen",
"Kromfohrlnder",
"Guramba shrew",
"Hasty Road"
] | mammal | class of tetrapods | Q7377 | species | {
"replace_def": "someone who engages in boxing primarily for sport and competition rather than for professional career advancement or financial gain.",
"replace_from_concept": "amateur boxer"
} | The definition of Rebbe is |
division of plants | 88 | {
"replace_def": "the period during which an NCAA-affiliated college team competes in officially sanctioned games and events for a particular sport within an academic year",
"replace_from_concept": "national collegiate athletic association team season"
} | [
"Austrochaperina aquilonia",
"Batrachylodes vertebralis",
"Scinax aromothyella",
"Oak toad",
"Pristimantis luscombei",
"Monte Escondido salamander",
"Palmer's tree frog",
"Pristimantis marahuaka",
"Pristimantis ginesi",
"Batrachyla antartandica",
"Betic midwife toad",
"Amolops chunganensis",
"Hylarana igorota",
"Diasporus quidditus",
"Pickersgill's Banana Frog",
"Pristimantis parvillus",
"Phrynobatrachus uzungwensis",
"Pristimantis ignicolor",
"Atelopus sonsonensis",
"Pristimantis suetus"
] | amphibian | class of tetrapods, whose living forms include frogs, toads, salamanders, newts and caecilians | Q10908 | species | {
"replace_def": "vertebrate animal that lives in water and (typically) has gills",
"replace_from_concept": "fish"
} | The definition of conifer is |
sportsperson taking part in lacrosse competitions | 89 | {
"replace_def": "kingdom of multicellular eukaryotic organisms",
"replace_from_concept": "animal"
} | [
"Centruroides nigrimanus",
"Hoploseius",
"Cataxia",
"Jerzego",
"Hadrurus arizonensis",
"Uroplectes lineatus",
"Haemogamasidae",
"Pseudoplexippus",
"Cryptomaster leviathan",
"Acanthochela",
"Metellina mengei",
"Myrmarachne melanotarsa",
"Zygoballus",
"Triaenonychidae",
"Podoglyphus",
"Unguisnenteria",
"Trombidium mediterraneum",
"Trombidium auroraense",
"Nakhoda",
"Garypus titanius"
] | arachnid | class of arthropods | Q1358 | species | {
"replace_def": "person with an extensive knowledge of philosophy",
"replace_from_concept": "philosopher"
} | The definition of lacrosse player is |
sportsperson taking part in ice hockey competitions | 90 | {
"replace_def": "occupation driving an automobile in competition",
"replace_from_concept": "nascar driver"
} | [
"Boeckella palustris",
"Palaeopagurus",
"Acartia teclae",
"Phylladiorhynchus",
"Hymenocera",
"Lioestheria",
"Kapcypridopsis barnardi",
"Nannastacus",
"Delavalia polluta",
"Paragiopagurus wallisi",
"Palatigum",
"Nephropides",
"Pseudopenilia",
"Procambarus attiguus",
"Nephrops norvegicus",
"Glyptoxanthus",
"Platymaia rebierei",
"Laomenes amboinensis",
"Transorchestia enigmatica",
"Crosnierita dicata"
] | crustacean | subphylum of arthropods | Q25364 | species | {
"replace_def": "person who takes photographs",
"replace_from_concept": "photographer"
} | The definition of ice hockey player is |
sportsperson taking part in ice hockey competitions | 91 | {
"replace_def": "medium for recording information (words or images) typically on bound pages or more abstractly in electronic or audio form",
"replace_from_concept": "book"
} | [
"Leopard skate",
"Evarra",
"Doryrhamphus janssi",
"Hoplostethus fragilis",
"Chionodraco rastrospinosus",
"Japanese pugnose grenadier",
"Protospinax",
"Priolepis robinsi",
"Olivaichthys viedmensis",
"Zaniolepis",
"Nagaichthys filipes",
"Cephalaspidae",
"Cobitis ohridana",
"Sinocyclocheilus guanduensis",
"Eodiaphyodus",
"Apistogramma eremnopyge",
"Barilius barila",
"Western Australian black-head triplefin",
"Polyipnus stereope",
"Pacific bumper"
] | fish | vertebrate animal that lives in water and (typically) has gills | Q152 | species | {
"replace_def": "member of a senate, usually the upper house of a legislature",
"replace_from_concept": "senator"
} | The definition of ice hockey player is |
executive position in a government | 92 | {
"replace_def": "group of players organized to compete as a side in baseball",
"replace_from_concept": "baseball team"
} | [
"Cidariplura",
"Pothyne annulata",
"Empalactis sporogramma",
"Tachina apicalis",
"Phyllocnistis bourquini",
"Leptophobia eucosma",
"Ebaeides albopicta",
"Chlamydastis inspectrix",
"Irundisaua punctata",
"Monotropoideae",
"Poitea",
"Mesocalyptis zonata",
"Macrocheilus dorsalis",
"Chaetosopus infalsatus",
"Paraccra chorogiae",
"Crematogaster abdominalis",
"Ceromitia bipartita",
"Artamus",
"Gastronyssidae",
"Poliopastea clavipes"
] | insect | class of arthropods | Q1390 | species | {
"replace_def": "highest-ranking bishop in Christianity",
"replace_from_concept": "Christian Patriarch"
} | The definition of chancellor is |
person who participates in motorcycle speedway | 93 | {
"replace_def": "the period during which organized baseball games are played",
"replace_from_concept": "baseball season"
} | [
"Plagiostropha caledoniensis",
"Skenea areolata",
"Cuthona poritophages",
"Xerosecta giustii",
"Lirularia antoniae",
"Conus deynzerorum",
"Lampadia webbiana",
"Afroturbonilla hattenbergeriana",
"Helicina",
"Kylix hecuba",
"Pyrgocythara plicosa",
"Noricella oreinos",
"Cobble elimia",
"Xeroplexa carrapateirensis",
"Turbonilla beidaensis",
"Cerithiopsilla liouvillei",
"Okenia cupella",
"Hemiliostraca elegantissima",
"Guttula galatheae",
"Cinclidotyphis myrae"
] | mollusca | large phylum of invertebrate animals | Q25326 | species | {
"replace_def": "species of plant, ginkgo",
"replace_from_concept": "ginkgo"
} | The definition of speedway rider is |
sports team which plays cricket | 94 | {
"replace_def": "taxonomic group whose members have a cell nucleus enclosed within a nuclear envelope",
"replace_from_concept": "eukaryote"
} | [
"Bishop Cosin's Hall",
"Dunster House",
"Peterhouse, Cambridge",
"Residential College 7",
"Parkes College",
"St Anne's College, Oxford",
"University College, Durham",
"Constantine College, York",
"Alfred Deakin College",
"Christ College",
"Cheena Bhavana",
"Pusey House, Oxford",
"Downing College, Cambridge",
"Worcester College, Oxford",
"Collingwood College, Durham",
"Arthur Kroeger College of Public Affairs",
"Goodricke College, York",
"Breen-Phillips Hall",
"St Hilda's College, Melbourne",
"Morse College"
] | college | educational institution, varying in level from country to country | Q189004 | agent | {
"replace_def": "group of radio stations, television stations, or other electronic media outlets, that form an agreement to air, or broadcast, content from a centralized source",
"replace_from_concept": "broadcast network"
} | The definition of cricket team is |
musical ensemble which performs music | 95 | {
"replace_def": "person employed to display, advertise and promote products, or to serve as a visual aid",
"replace_from_concept": "model"
} | [
"Trinity University",
"Master of Divinity",
"Agence nationale de la recherche",
"Pontifical Catholic University of Gois",
"Zaporizhzhya National Technical University",
"Roger Williams University",
"Department of Geography, University of Washington",
"List of colleges and universities in Iowa",
"Bhagwan Mahaveer College of Engineering and Management",
"Christ the King Sixth Form College",
"Halifax Community College",
"Harrow School",
"Oxnard College",
"Canadian International College",
"University of Colorado at Boulder",
"French Institute of Pondicherry",
"Newcastle Polytechnic",
"Dustin Majewski",
"Columbia University School of International and Public Affairs",
"Acbadem University School of Medicine"
] | university | academic institution for further education | Q3918 | agent | {
"replace_def": "a group of sports teams that compete against each other in Curling",
"replace_from_concept": "curling league"
} | The definition of group is |
person who uses written words to communicate ideas and to produce written works | 96 | {
"replace_def": "division or section, region or part of a town, city or municipality, which may be an administrative unit",
"replace_from_concept": "city district"
} | [
"Stephen Saunders",
"Jakob Johann von Uexkll",
"Clinton B. Ballard",
"Babacar Sedikh Diouf",
"Ronald A. Edwards",
"Billy Conway",
"Vernice Armour",
"Cornell Big Red men's soccer",
"Menestho hypocurta",
"Matthias Jouan",
"Thomas Wynn, 1st Baron Newborough",
"The White Rabbit",
"Anne Ramberg",
"Kevin Paredes",
"Hololeius",
"Kellie Lightbourn",
"Michael Falkesgaard",
"Joseph T. Gedge",
"Frank Case",
"John Cooper"
] | animal | kingdom of multicellular eukaryotic organisms | Q729 | species | {
"replace_def": "anyone who participates in activities involving skates",
"replace_from_concept": "skater"
} | The definition of writer is |
someone who rides horses in horse racing or steeplechase racing | 97 | {
"replace_def": "person who plays association football (soccer) ",
"replace_from_concept": "soccer player"
} | [
"Sarcodon fennicus",
"Hypotrachyna parasinuosa",
"Dirinaria",
"Calosphaeria",
"Harzia",
"Fusarium solani",
"Tylopilus cyanogranulifer",
"Inocybe pudica",
"Morchella populiphila",
"Flavoparmelia",
"Xanthopyreniaceae",
"Calostilbella",
"Coprinellus bipellis",
"Dichopleuropus",
"Cortinarius quarciticus",
"Lichenopyrenis",
"Mycena holoporphyra",
"Nigrosabulum",
"Echinoderma asperum",
"Eryniopsis lampyridarum"
] | fungus | biological kingdom, separate from plants and animals | Q764 | species | {
"replace_def": "person who writes poetry",
"replace_from_concept": "poet"
} | The definition of jockey is |
leader of the worldwide Catholic Church | 98 | {
"replace_def": "place of significance listed by UNESCO",
"replace_from_concept": "World Heritage Site"
} | [
"Henny Kroeze",
"Graham Jones",
"Sjaak Lucassen",
"Tom Suchnek",
"Richard Knight",
"Matej agar",
"Larry Ross",
"Fabienne Ltkemeier",
"Bernie Schreiber",
"Colin Cook",
"Rinat Mardanshin",
"Mitchel Godden",
"Egon Mller",
"Peter Carr",
"Pip Lamb",
"Ilya Bondarenko",
"Ryszard Fabiszewski",
"Craig Branney",
"Ron Preston",
"Freddie Eriksson"
] | speedway rider | person who participates in motorcycle speedway | Q63243629 | species | {
"replace_def": "person who plays association football (soccer) ",
"replace_from_concept": "soccer player"
} | The definition of pope is |
administrative division having corporate status and usually powers of self-government or jurisdiction | 99 | {
"replace_def": "large persistent body of ice",
"replace_from_concept": "glacier"
} | [
"Italian Civil War",
"French Formula Three Championship",
"Santiago de Quertaro",
"Iranian Armenian",
"Intergovernmental Authority on Development",
"Dependencies of Norway",
"Vatulele",
"Australian cricket team",
"British and Irish Lions",
"Nutopia",
"Kingdom of Hatra",
"Hopi Tribe of Arizona",
"Peten Itza Kingdom",
"Hatay",
"Rambutyo Island",
"Abbasid Caliphate",
"Sancharak",
"Ottoman Empire",
"American",
"18-Electron rule"
] | country | distinct territorial body or political entity | Q6256 | place | {
"replace_def": "depression on the Earth or celestial body caused by some form of explosion, including bolide impact, volcanic eruption or chemical/nuclear explosion",
"replace_from_concept": "crater"
} | The definition of municipality is |
End of preview.
Editing Conceptual Knowledge for Large Language Models
Overview • How To Use • Citation • Paper • Website
💡 Conceptual Knowledge Editing
Task Definition
Concept is a generalization of the world in the process of cognition, which represents the shared features and essential characteristics of a class of entities. Therefore, the endeavor of concept editing aims to modify the definition of concepts, thereby altering the behavior of LLMs when processing these concepts.
Evaluation
To analyze conceptual knowledge modification, we adopt the metrics for factual editing (the target is the concept $C$ rather than factual instance $t$).
Reliability: the success rate of editing with a given editing descriptionGeneralization: the success rate of editing within the editing scopeLocality: whether the model's output changes after editing for unrelated inputs
Concept Specific Evaluation Metrics
Instance Change: capturing the intricacies of these instance-level changesConcept Consistency: the semantic similarity of generated concept definition
🌟 Usage
🎍 Current Implementation
As the main Table of our paper, four editing methods are supported for conceptual knowledge editing.
| Method | GPT-2 | GPT-J | LlaMA2-13B-Chat | Mistral-7B-v0.1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FT | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
| ROME | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
| MEMIT | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
| PROMPT | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
💻 Run
You can follow EasyEdit to run the experiments.
📖 Citation
Please cite our paper if you use ConceptEdit in your work.
@misc{wang2024editing,
title={Editing Conceptual Knowledge for Large Language Models},
author={Xiaohan Wang and Shengyu Mao and Ningyu Zhang and Shumin Deng and Yunzhi Yao and Yue Shen and Lei Liang and Jinjie Gu and Huajun Chen},
year={2024},
eprint={2403.06259},
archivePrefix={arXiv},
primaryClass={cs.CL}
}
🎉 Acknowledgement
We would like to express our sincere gratitude to DBpedia，Wikidata，OntoProbe-PLMs and ROME.
Their contributions are invaluable to the advancement of our work.
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