Britain has long enjoyed.

is Research Fellow for Economic Freedom and Growth in the Center for Trade and Economics, of the Institute for Economic Freedom and Opportunity, at The Heritage Foundation.is the director of Civismo, a leading free-market think tank in Spain, an associate professor at IE University, and a political analyst in Spanish media. Owen Morgan, a member of the Young Leaders Program at The Heritage Foundation, made valuable contributions to this report.The prevalence of obesity in both children and adults is on the rise in first world countries, especially in the United States, as well as in many developing countries such as China and India. Many aspects of a person's life are affected by obesity, from physical problems such as knee and ankle joint deterioration, to emotional problems resulting from self-esteem issues and society's attitude towards heavy people. The medical problems caused by obesity can be serious and often life-threatening and include diabetes, shortness of breath and other respiratory problems such as asthma and pulmonary hypertension, gallbladder disease, dyslipidemia (for example, high cholesterol or high levels of triglycerides) and dyslipidemic hypertension, osteoarthritis and other orthopedic problems, reflux esophagitis (heartburn), snoring, sleep apnea, menstrual irregularities, infertility, problems associated with pregnancy,


"Haku !" "Kamaji!" "He' s not breathing" "Yes he is, but he' s still gravely ill from the spell..." "That should calm him some" "Haku turned up one day here, just like you" "Said he wanted to learn magic" "I didn' t approve... becoming a sorcerer' s apprentice..." "I warned him, but he wouldn' t listen" "Said he had nowhere left to go" "Signed up to be Yubaba' s apprentice" "As time went by, he turned increasingly pale, and his eyes took on a sharp gleam" "Kamaji, I' m going to give this back to Yubaba' s sister" "Give it back, apologize, and ask her to help Haku" "Tell me where she lives" "Go to Zeniba' s?" "She' s one scary sorceress" "Please" "Haku helped me" "Now IChicago Bears quarterback Josh McCown, who will be a free agent this offseason, has no intention to retire, a source close to the 34-year-old veteran told ESPN.

Chicago went 3-2 in the five games Josh McCown started in 2013. AP Photo/Nick Wass

In what promises to be a thin crop of free-agent quarterbacks, NFL executives believe McCown and Michael Vick will be the top two options for teams searching for someone to compete for a starting job or back up an established starter.

Due to a surprising number of underclassman quarterbacks returning to school, this year's draft also is thinner at the position than some expected it to be.

Chicago wants McCown back, and quarterback-needy teams such as the Minnesota Vikings and Tennessee Titans also could be interested.

It leaves McCown, who some


An activist group is mounting an effort to force the state of Utah to shut off the water supply to the National Security Agency's huge data center in Bluffdale, Utah. The OffNow coalition wants to pass state legislation that "would ban Utah from participating with or assisting the NSA in any way in the implementation of their warrantless spying program."

The effort appears to be a political longshot, but gained widespread visibility this week when it was featured on USNews, Time and The Drudge Report.

The OffNow coalition is targeting what it calls the "Achilles heel" of the NSA data center - the fact that it will require a large volumes of water (more than 1 million gallons a day by some estimates) for the cooling systems for its servers.State Gives $13 Million For Center For Families

Gov. George Ryan, recalling his 1998 campaign promise to make education one of his top priorities, announced Friday the awarding of a $13.4 million state grant to build a family development center.

The center is to be built on the campus of Governors State University in University Park and be operated jointly by the university and Crete-Monee School District 201. It will provide preschool for some 33 children up to 5 years old and a charter school for 125 in kindergarten through 4th grade.

The facility also is to provide a range of pupil and parent services, including after-school child care and parenting education to families of children enrolled in the center.

Ryan said that the center will be important in ensuring that children


in eastern Will County are prepared to meet life's challenges.

"Children face a lot of tougher challenges today than at any time in the past," Ryan said. "From kindergarten through college, they are being bombarded with forces that don't have their best interests at heart. It is up to us, therefore, to give them the services and support they need to meet those challenges, and it is my job as a public official to provide the funding."

Ryan flew from Springfield Friday morning to make the announcement of the grant and to tour Governors State child development center's current home, in District 201'smiddle school in Crete.

Ryan noted that the new center will be different from other such facilities by providing educational stimulation to children during the most crucial period, academically,in their lives: from infancy roughly through the 3rd grade, when they begin to learn how to read.

"It's a known fact that if kids don't have the foundation for reading established by the 3rd grade, they are going to have a tough go of it academically in later years," Ryan said.

Construction of the Family Development Center at Governors State is expected to begin in May, according to Paula Wolff, the university's outgoing president.


for 39% of global palm oil production, forming the bulk of Malaysian exports from 1970 to 2000.

Together, in 2012, natural resources made up nearly a third of Malaysian exports, and a large majority of government revenues.

There is evidence that countries with large reserves of natural resources—oil, minerals, timber, gas, diamonds—are most likely to have high levels of corruption, fall into states of civil war, violate human rights, and degrade their environment, leaving them poorer than countries with limited natural resources. The reasons for this are multitude, but are arrayed around the fact that resource-rich countries are less dependent on taxes for revenues, and, thus, less accountable to citizens.

Malaysia is often cited as a counter-example due to its growth and stability. If it were stuck in a resource curse,Image copyright Twitter/@vespafoto

Football's ability to unite - even in testing times - was brought to the fore by German fans.

Explosions that damaged Borussia Dortmund's team bus in Germany on Tuesday ahead of a Champions League quarter-final against AS Monaco delayed the game by a day, and leaving some away fans stranded.

In response, Dortmund fans were opening their homes and hearts to fans of the Monaco-based team, using the Twitter hashtags #bedforawayfans and #tableforawayfans to offer their hospitality.

One AS Monaco fan, Adrien Thomas, told the BBC that he and four of his friends found a place to stay using the hashtag.

Mr Thomas shared an image of them having breakfast together, and extended a "big thank you" to the Dortmunder who hosted them, adding that an unfortunate event had been


"turned around to create a great relationship between fans of the two teams".

Image copyright Twitter/@Adrien_Thomas

"When terrorism tries to divide, football unites," one Twitter user said.

Others shared similar photos online. Dortmund fan @vespafoto showed images of himself with AS Monaco fans around the dinner table, enjoying a good night's rest in sleeping bags, and gathering for breakfast.

He had initially sent out a tweet, offering five AS Monaco fans a place to stay for the night.

Image copyright Twitter/@vespafoto

His guests thanked Germany and tweeted an image of the pasta dish they shared.

Image copyright Twitter/@BraamsDonneil

One Twitter user said that this demonstrated football's "true class".

While another Dortmund fan, who said he had three beds available at his flat near the stadium, tweeted a photo with the away fans he hosted, captioned: "Football unites."

Imagedelivered the necessary performance on the circuit.
But thought was also given to TECHART´s usual external upgrades on the vehicle. The TECHART daytime running lights, sports steering wheel, carbon kit, aluminium pedals, decorative stitching and seat belts in gray, additional leather in Luxury Black and illuminated door entry guards with the TECHART logo made the car to a highlight in the pit lane.
Along with the driver`s skills, this success was primarily driven by the perfect, systematic adjustment of the wheels and the suspension. For the record run at moderate temperatures the TECHART Team chose Continental Cross Contact UHP high-performance tires on 22-inch TECHART Formula rims, which were exposed to specific loading as a result of the one-sided cornering on the circuit. Longstanding TECHART test driver Sandro Reuter said with


SANGATTE, France — A French aviation buff and inventor glided partway over the English Channel on a homemade “flyboard” Thursday — then crashed in the sea.

Undeterred, he plans to try again.

After careful preparations, Franky Zapata took off from the French coastal town of Sangatte fastened to the small flying platform he designed.

From afar, it looked like he was skateboarding on the sky.

But as he descended for a refueling stop about halfway across, the platform he was meant to land on was moving too much due to waves. So he was not able to grab onto it, and he fell into the water, his wife Christelle said.

He was rescued by French divers and is doing fine, she told The Associated Press.

“These are the kind of things that can happen,”since Trump first took office. The foreign policy establishment folks appear to have a point, for once: As pressing as the need to bring the troops home is, keeping a small force beside the Kurds to stave off a massive multinational bloodbath was the most prudent option, at least in the short term.

The second prong is Trump himself, and the manner in which this decision was reached. According to reports, Trump’s Sunday phone call with Turkish President Erdoğan was a disaster. Erdoğan, seething at having been snubbed by Trump at the UN last month, managed to finagle not only Trump’s permission to invade northern Syria by way of a U.S. troop withdrawal, but got himself a meeting with Trump next month to boot.

A National Security Council source who


Obituary

He is survived by his children and grandchildren: Doug and Missi Lezman (Collin and Chelsey Lezman, Cameron Lezman and Robert Lezman-Taylor) and Nancy and Jesse Martinez (Alexandria and Aaron Brock, Ariana and John Marcum, Mercedes Martinez, Jessie Martinez and Remy Martinez); sisters and brothers-in-law: Eleanor and Nelvin De Weerd, Alma and Paul De Vries, Lyla and Dave Doyle, Doris Nienhuis, Norm and Bonnie Vredeveld and Merle and Mary Vredeveld.

Ron's wife, Joyce, preceded him in death in 2010.

Ron was a member of Hamilton Reformed Church; he worked at Holland Hospital in the maintenance department for many years and was a member of the Michigan Flywheelers Club.

Private interment will be in Riverside Cemetery. Visitation will be 5-8 p.m. Wednesday, March 15, 2017 at Yntema Funeral Home, 251 South State Street,A SoBo thru hiker from South Korea, trail name Baram 304 passed by my hiker oasis, just as a PCTA trail crew started a one-day project from my property.

The hiker explained that he was dedicating his hike to commemorate a ferry disaster in 2014 that deeply affected him, along with many other South Koreans. The banner he has carried in his hike includes pictures of the many students who died in the tragedy. More info at https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinking_of_MV_Sewol.


say, I grew up in a liberal household. Just like Chris MacNeil, the mother in The Exorcist, my mother was an actress. She was from a well-to-do Jewish family of doctors, lawyers, actors, and activists. My father, on the other hand, was the first member of his family to go to college. Determined to overcome his blue-collar background, he worked in an emergency room to pay his way through school. He studied literature, then went on to a doctoral program in music. He wrote his thesis on 17th century French Baroque opera, but at some point he gave up on the PhD. As he explained it, he got into advertising instead because “that’s where the money was,” but at home, his love for books and music endured.

Our livinghe go to rehab, and of course the old man refused. He was the creative director and the sole copywriter; the agency needed him to function, but the old man didn’t budge. He assured them that he “had it under control.” But he didn’t, and the agency soon closed its doors.

Then the old man was at home, without a job, with nothing to do but drink. We fought and begged him to get help, only to be told, again and again, that he had it under control, while all the signs suggested otherwise.

For the MacNeils, the trouble began with booms and crashes in the attic. For my mother, the booms and crashes issued from the living room. The old man had fallen, she told me, resulting in a


gash on his head. Then he fell again and broke his finger. One day he decided to clean his motorcycle. When my mother finally heard his cries for help, she ran outside to find him on the ground, pinned beneath the bike. She had to call the police to come lift it off. I decided it was time to come home.

The old man’s transformation seemed both gradual and sudden. His diet shrunk, his vodka intake increased. Walking became difficult, then dangerous. He continued to pass out mid-stride, suddenly turning white and collapsing. As he staggered from the couch to the kitchen, holding onto walls and bookcases for support, my mother followed behind him in a panic, carrying a chair to catch him in, asking again and again ifand morphine for when it got really bad. Both were in liquid form, because his throat was too badly swollen for solids. He couldn’t eat, and was too drugged to speak. He slept, mostly, the TV remaining on at all times, to keep him company. Sometimes he coughed or moaned in pain. Sometimes he whimpered. Tears as thick as corn syrup rolled down his cheeks. A nurse came in the morning to clean him and check his condition. My mother and I watched, and waited.

Late one night I heard the old man groaning. My mother had already gone to bed, so I went in to check on him. In the dark room lit only by the blue flickers of the TV, the old man was struggling with the


NEW DELHI: The BJP on Wednesday strongly disapproved of the controversial comments its MP Adityanath comparing Shah Rukh Khan with Pakistani terrorist Hafiz Saeed , terming them "uncalled for" which did not reflect in any way the core belief of the party or Prime Minister Narendra Modi.

Heaping praise on the Bollywood superstar, who was also attacked by senior party leader Kailash Vijayvargiya on Tuesday, BJP said there cannot be any comparison between a law-abiding Indian citizen and a Pakistani terrorist.

"There cannot be any comparison of any law-abiding Indian citizen with a terrorist like Hafiz Saeed, certainly not Khan who is a much loved and respected Indian national and artiste," BJP spokesman Nalin Kohli said.

" His (Adityanath) comments are incorrect and uncalled for. They do not reflect in anyway the core belief of BJP or that of Prime Minister Narendra Modi ," he said.

READ ALSO:

No difference in language of Shah Rukh Khan and Hafiz Saeed, says BJP MP Yogi Adityanath

Pushed on a defensive not long after party chief Amit Shah had warned some party leaders against making controversial statements in the wake of the Dadri lynching and beef row, BJP leaders also referred to Union minister Prakash Javadekar 's condemnation of Vijarvargiya's comments to make it clear that the party did not approve of them.

Vijarvargiya had on Tuesday accused Khan of echoing the voice of anti-national forces, alleging he may live in India but his soul lived in Pakistan. He withdrew his tweets on Wednesday.

BJP secretary Srikant Sharma accused Congress of "sponsoring" the campaign by writers,


artistes and scientists against the "climate of intolerance", saying it was resorting to these tactics to get over its internal leadership crisis and that it had still not reconciled to Modi's leadership.

"There is peace in the country but disquiet among Congress leaders over the leadership of Rahul Gandhi. So its leadership has resorted to these tactics. It is its intolerance to Modi's leadership as India is doing well on every front and it cannot accept this. So it is sponsoring these protests by so-called writers many of whom had made an appeal to defeat Modi in Lok Sabha elections," he said.no means the end of the road in a conflict that has killed more than 30,000 people since 1984. HDP may now have become empowered as an interlocutor, but it has lost its all-powerful partner in Erdoğan. Bombings and attacks on the HDP during the election campaign are a reminder that violence is always close to the surface.

Also on POLITICO: The president and the protégé:http://politi.co/1dq2Bhm.

Politics are going to be uncertain in Turkey for a while

Turkish television stations lit up with debate as the extent of Erdoğan’s problems became clear, throwing off recent years of caution during which a wrong word could bring a phone call from Ankara that could cost a journalist his or her job.

Some commentators thought the AKP would push for another election in the hope


that were ended by military coups or plagued by ideological intolerance. Pluralism is now appreciated as necessary, a fundamental change of which the AKP, in its early years, was an integral part.

Ironically, it was also Erdoğan’s increasing intolerance of dissent, epitomized in the crushing of the Gezi protests in Istanbul in May-June 2013, that created a sense of solidarity between many normally fractious factions of Turkish society — nationalists, Islamists, Kurds, secularists, and liberals — that set the stage for much of the activism that persuaded Turks to vote against him on Sunday.

Nigar Göksel is the Turkey senior analyst for the International Crisis Group, an independent conflict prevention organization. Hugh Pope, whose books include "Turkey Unveiled" (Overlook, 2011) and "Sons of the Conquerors: The rise of the TurkicEarlier this year, Michael Bates, an obscure minister in the House of Lords, offered his resignation because he was “ashamed” at having not been in his place in the chamber in time to answer questions. The prime minister advised the Queen not to accept it.

Quitting for being late for work was regarded as laughably eccentric by colleagues whose shame threshold is set so high it can’t be seen. As I write, Amber Rudd and home secretary can still be put in the same sentence without it including the word former. Her non-resignation from the cabinet, despite a mammoth scandal perpetrated by the major department for which she is responsible, tells us something about this government, something about its opponents and more about shifting standards in public life. None


passports, were never formally naturalised and many moved to the UK before the countries in which they were born became independent, so they assumed they were British. In some cases, they did not apply for passports. The Home Office did not keep a record of people entering the country and granted leave to remain, which was conferred on anyone living continuously in the country since before 1 January 1973. What did the government try and do to resolve the problem? A Home Office team was set up to ensure Commonwealth-born long-term UK residents would no longer find themselves classified as being in the UK illegally. But a month after one minister promised the cases would be resolved within two weeks, many remained destitute. In November 2018 home secretarystill cruising around in her government limo and still drawing her cabinet salary. This is partly down to the place she occupies in the febrile kaleidoscope of Tory factions. She is generally agreed, among friends and foes, to be on the more liberal wing of her party. It has to be said that she sometimes has a highly peculiar way of expressing her liberalism. For her first party conference speech in post, she produced a widely denounced and swiftly dropped plan to compel companies to list their foreign workers.

Though her public pronouncements have hinted at divisions between herself and the prime minister on immigration policy, a recently leaked memo reveals Ms Rudd to be anxious to impress the boss at Number 10 by boasting that she was giving


As a matter of political justice, this is entirely fair. This scandal flows from the legislation and culture introduced during Mrs May’s domineering five years in charge of the Home Office. She brought in a slew of measures designed to create what she called a “hostile environment” for illegal immigrants by turning landlords, employers and NHS staff into a pressed gang of border guards. It was the application of that policy that ended up snaring people who should never have been targeted. That has fuelled a desire on the part of campaign groups and opposition politicians to widen this episode from the appalling treatment of the Windrush generation to a more general argument that policy towards migrants is nasty and discriminatory. Broadening the charges against the government isTraumatic Brain and Spinal Cord Fatalities Among High School and College Football Players - United States, 2005-2014.
An estimated 1.1 million high school and 75,000 college athletes participate in tackle football annually in the United States. Football is a collision sport; traumatic injuries are frequent (1,2), and can be fatal (3). This report updates the incidence and characteristics of deaths caused by traumatic brain injury and spinal cord injury (4) in high school and college football and presents illustrative case descriptions. Information was analyzed from the National Center for Catastrophic Sport Injury Research (NCCSIR). During 2005-2014, a total of 28 deaths (2.8 deaths per year) from traumatic brain and spinal cord injuries occurred among high school (24 deaths) and college football players (four deaths) combined. Most deaths occurred during


competitions and resulted from tackling or being tackled. All four of the college deaths and 14 (58%) of the 24 high school deaths occurred during the last 5 years (2010-2014) of the 10-year study period. These findings support the need for continued surveillance and safety efforts (particularly during competition) to ensure proper tackling techniques, emergency planning for severe injuries, availability of medical care onsite during competitions, and assessment that it is safe to return to play following a concussion.MOSCOW (Reuters) - A Russian air force plane that landed in Venezuela is there to service Russian military equipment already in the country, Russia's Deputy Foreign Minister Sergei Ryabkov on Tuesday, according to the Interfax news agency.

The plane landed on Monday in Venezuela's main airport, according to a Reuters witness and a website that tracks plane movements, three months after a similar arrival exacerbated tensions between Washington and Moscow.

"From all points of view this cooperation is transparent," Ryabkov said in quotes carried by Interfax. "It does not have any elements of detribalization of the region or any other situation."

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U.S. President Donald Trump in March ordered Russia to remove all troops from Venezuela, while Russia's foreign ministry said the planes that landed there at the time were only carrying


specialists who were servicing arms sales contracts.

Russia has backed President Nicolas Maduro, while the United States and most other Western countries support opposition leader Juan Guaido. In January, Guaido invoked the constitution to assume Venezuela's interim presidency, arguing that Maduro's 2018 re-election was illegitimate.US women's hockey undecided on opening ceremony

By OSKAR GARCIA Associated Press
| 11:37 p.m.Feb. 4, 2014

FILE-In this Saturday, Dec. 28, 2013, file photo Team USA's Kelli Stack celebrates with teammates after scoring a goal against Team Canada in the first period of a women's hockey game on in St. Paul, Minn. Three native Ohioans will be competing for the United States in the upcoming Olympics in Russia. The three women all come from hometowns in northeast Ohio. Brooklyn Heights native Kelli Stack and Sheffield Village’s Brianne McLaughlin-Bittle are trying a second time for OIympic Gold on the U.S. hockey team. Stack is the team’s forward and McLaughlin-Bittle is a goaltender. (AP Photo/The Star Tribune, Carlos Gonzalez, File) ST. PAUL PIONEER PRESS OUT; SOFT OUT MINNEAPOLIS-AREA TV NOT TV; MAGAZINES


OUT
The Associated Press

FILE-In this Saturday, Dec. 28, 2013, file photo Team USA's Kelli Stack celebrates with teammates after scoring a goal against Team Canada in the first period of a women's hockey game on in St. Paul, Minn. Three native Ohioans will be competing for the United States in the upcoming Olympics in Russia. The three women all come from hometowns in northeast Ohio. Brooklyn Heights native Kelli Stack and Sheffield Village’s Brianne McLaughlin-Bittle are trying a second time for OIympic Gold on the U.S. hockey team. Stack is the team’s forward and McLaughlin-Bittle is a goaltender. (AP Photo/The Star Tribune, Carlos Gonzalez, File) ST. PAUL PIONEER PRESS OUT; SOFT OUT MINNEAPOLIS-AREA TV NOT TV; MAGAZINES OUT

SOCHI, Russia (AP) — The U.S. women's hockey team might skip Friday'sopening ceremony of the Sochi Olympics because of an early game the next day.

The team won't decide until later whether to march with the rest of the American athletes, coach Katey Stone said Wednesday.

"It's what we call a game-day decision," Stone said.

The Americans open against Finland at noon Saturday. Stone said the early game means her team will likely eat breakfast roughly eight hours after the opening ceremony is scheduled to end.

The choice — which Stone described as "a program decision" with input from the players — depends on the team's preparation the next two days, she said.

"Most of these decisions we don't make in a vacuum," Stone said. "We spend a lot of time talking to our kids and we make sure that we address their needs,


for sure."

The U.S. women are a favorite along with rival Canada in the eight-team tournament being played under a new format designed to make early games more competitive. The U.S. is trying to deny Canada a fourth straight Olympic gold medal in a sport that's historically been a two-country race between the North American programs.

The new format automatically qualifies the U.S., Canada, Finland and Switzerland for the knockout rounds. But it isn't changing the team's approach toward its early games, players and Stone said.

"We try to be crisp, we try to be sharp, we try to be the best-looking team in this whole tournament," said forward and team captain Meghan Duggan.

Canada comes into the tournament after an abrupt coaching change in December. Dan Church resigned, saying he thoughtthere was a lack of confidence in his ability to win a medal. Former NHL player and coach Kevin Dineen was hired to replace him.

The United States beat Canada four straight games in a tune-up exhibition series, the first win coming the same day Church resigned.

But Stone and the players said they didn't notice any dropoff in play from their rivals and expect Canada to be ready for the Olympics.

Losses to Canada in the Vancouver Olympics and other big games are still a big motivation for the U.S.

"That burns in your heart every single day," Duggan said. "How we prepare ourselves to get here and how we train, everything's done on the ice, off the ice in preparation to come out of here with a gold medal."

___

Oskar Garcia


BOSTON (CBS) – The coronavirus pandemic has claimed the life of a 31-year-old Boston man, believed to be the youngest death in Massachusetts so far.

Riley Rumrill died on Sunday, March 29, at Boston Medical Center, according to his family. He had recently returned from a bucket list trip to Colombia with his brother and friends to celebrate his 31st birthday. On Saturday, March 21, he went to Boston Medical Center with a 104 degree fever and shortness of breath, according to his family.

Just a few days later on Tuesday, he was on a ventilator fighting for his life. “We never talked to him again,” his mom Diana told WBZ via FaceTime from the family home in Rainbow City, Alabama.

According to state health records released daily about COVID-19 deaths,a man in his 30s from Suffolk County – presumably Riley Rumrill – had underlying health issues. His brother Bobby told WBZ he had asthma and was believed to have kidney issues.

His brother Bobby was able to visit Boston Medical Center and see him brother on the ventilators. “Every day was frightening,” he said. “In the morning, the hospital would call telling us they were afraid he was going to lose his life.” He said he went to the hospital twice to say goodbye to his 31-year-old brother.

The Rumrills say Riley was the “bright light” of their family. The third of four boys, “he’s the one that always had everybody laughing,” his mother Diana said. “He was jolly and he’s just a good guy to be around.”

“Full of


TOKYO/MUMBAI -- Japan's Suzuki Motor has postponed the opening of a new plant in western India, Nikkei has learned. The plant, originally scheduled to go online in April 2020, will now begin operating next July.

Suzuki's decision to postpone the startup is the latest in a string of efforts by Indian carmakers to deal with a softening market. Suzuki Motor Gujarat, a wholly owned local subsidiary, is building the new plant in the state of Gujarat. The $550 million factory will raise the company's capacity in India by 250,000 cars annually to 2.25 million.

India's auto market is sluggish and likely to remain so, with new car sales in 2019 expected to fall below the previous year's levels for the first time in five years. Suzuki was forced to pushback the opening of the new plant to assess demand.

India is the world's fourth-largest auto market, with 4.4 million new cars sold in 2018, ahead of Germany's 3.82 million. However, sales began falling last November and the declines widened to double digits starting in April. The slowdown in India has confounded automakers around the world, which had been banking on growth. That is exacerbating a global sales slump.

Maruti Suzuki, Suzuki's local subsidiary and the country's largest automaker, and Mahindra & Mahindra, the third-largest local manufacturer, idled plants for several days in the July to September quarter due to sluggish sales. Maruti did not extend the employment of 3,000 contract workers in August, while Tata Motors, the No. 4 carmaker, has decided to accept a 65 billion rupee ($910


in the year ending March 2020. With sales tepid in the country, which accounted for 30% of Suzuki's total revenue, the company's net profit for the current business year is now forecast at 140 billion yen ($1.28 billion), down 22% from the previous year.

According to an estimate by Nikkei, the Indian car market contracted by about 10% in October from a year earlier. That was the 12th straight month of year-on-year declines. A fall for the 2019 calendar year now appears inevitable. Factors contributing to the slowdown include reluctance by financial institutions to extend car loans to buyers, and rising insurance costs. Higher road taxes in several states have also depressed demand.

In October, the pace of decline eased, thanks to aggressive price cuts by manufacturers, but it isof it."

Tait Sye, spokesperson for the Planned Parenthood Federation of America told HuffPost that, while this incident marks the first attack on the McKinney clinic, Planned Parenthood locations around the country have experienced similar attacks over the years because of the organization's association with abortion. A 37-year-old man threw a Molotov cocktail at a clinic in Madera, Cali., in September 2010 that shut the clinic down for two days, and another clinic in Raleigh, N.C., was vandalized earlier this month with the spray-painted message, "you shall not murder."

According to the most recent statistics from the National Abortion Federation, there were a total of 96 incidences of violence -- including murder, death threats, vandalism, arson and bombing -- against U.S. and Canadian abortion clinics in 2010.

Despite the attack on


ET – one night before Opening Ceremony coverage on Friday, Feb. 9 – and continues until the Closing Ceremony on Sunday, Feb. 25. For the first time for a Winter Games, NBC will present Olympic primetime coverage live across all time zones.

"There will be more live hours of Winter Olympics coverage in PyeongChang than ever before, and for the first time at a Winter Games, NBC will broadcast live across all time zones to the entire country, creating a unique national collective experience for this event – and we will be everywhere – from broadcast and cable television, to digital streaming and social media." said Jim Bell, President, NBC Olympics Production and Programming. "The Games will once again provide a positive example of the world coming together inThursday, Feb. 15, and Friday, Feb. 16; siblings Maia Shibutaniand Alex Shibutani are scheduled to compete in the ice dance competition Sunday, Feb. 18, and Monday, Feb. 19; and three-time U.S. champion Ashley Wagner is expected to lead the American contingent in the ladies’ competition on Tuesday, Feb. 20, and Thursday, Feb. 22.

NBC Olympics will again utilize fully-distributed NBCUniversal cable channels NBCSN, CNBC, and USA Network to televise more than 450 hours of coverage of the XXIII Olympic Winter Games this February from PyeongChang, South Korea.

NBCSN will serve as the cable home of the PyeongChang Winter Olympics, televising 369 hours of coverage, including 10 days of wall-to-wall 24-hour coverage. Gold medal finals on NBCSN include hockey, snowboarding, short track, luge, and bobsled. For the first time ever, NBCSN


The group of people, cold, tired and most of all, homeless, were being ushered out of a Port Authority building at the Journal Square Transportation Center yesterday afternoon, into the bone-chilling 24-degree weather.

"Two men had a bottle of vodka and they threw us all out,” said a 58-year-old homeless man, explaining the mass exodus. “They were just sleeping. We didn't like it."

The building, where Port Authority officials allow the homeless a reprieve from the bitter cold, was one of the places crews working with the 2014 Hudson County Point-in-Time homeless count visited yesterday.

Behind the PATH station, two homeless men were taken away in an ambulance.

"I lost my job and my money ran out and I’ve been homeless almost a year," said a 62-year-old woman waiting outside the PATHStation for the shuttle to St. Lucy’s Shelter in Jersey City where she will stay until morning.

John Jay College of Criminal Justice Sociology Professor Mike Rowan and his team took a count in Journal Square and had each person answer questions for a survey that is used to securing funding. The results are forwarded to the federal Department of Housing and Urban Development.

The 62-year-old woman participated and said "I hope it helps a lot of us."

Teams fanned out across the county yesterday and surveyed the homeless on PATH trains, in shelters, emergency rooms, public places and transitional housing as part of a federally mandated homeless count.

Orlando Davis, 63, who was once homeless, helped out with Rowan’s team by handing out sandwiches, toilet paper, toiletries, hats, gloves and blankets.

“The


Angeles-based quartet that not only sounded like U2, they looked kind of like them, had their mannerisms and used similar equipment. Blond-haired, sunglass-wearing Jason Thiesen played singer Bono; Scott Jones played bassist Adam Clayton; Carl Macchia played guitarist The Edge; and Steve Judd played drummer Larry Mullen Jr.

Thiesen uttered a lot of platitudes, a la Bono, but they were fun, and he referenced Columbus often. For example, he introduced Vertigo as “Spanish lessons in Columbus, with a fake Irish accent.”

On every song, the symphony had something to play, even if it was only the chorus. There were times they were drowned out, but other times, they added to a song like Elevation.

What was also cool was that U2 Symphony didn’t just do the hits, they also dipped intothe container and engages a tamper-proof indicator.
In one embodiment, the container has an upper portion and an outer surface. The container has a rim at the upper portion. The upper portion of the container includes a flexible and detachable protrusion having a contact element and a break point. In another embodiment, the cap has a base with an outer periphery and a skirt extending perpendicularly and outwardly around the outer periphery of the base. The cap also has a hinge and a tab extending perpendicularly and outwardly from the skirt of the cap. In still another embodiment, the top has a least two slots capable of housing the protrusion. In yet another embodiment, the cap has a first slot and a second slot including an interlocking device for


engaging with the protrusion.
In a further embodiment, when the container is in an empty stage, the protrusion is positioned within the first slot. In still a further embodiment, when the container is in a filled stage, the cap is placed upon the container and the protrusion is repositioned within the second slot causing the contact element of the protrusion to engage the interlocking device of the second slot and thus to form a tamper-proof seal. For purposes of this invention, the term xe2x80x9cempty stagexe2x80x9d refers to a stage when the container is empty prior to filling. For example, when the container is shipped to a laboratory from the manufacturer of the container. The term xe2x80x9cfilling stagexe2x80x9d refers to a stage after the container has been filled with itshuman habitation, the stresses of ground nesting combined with the dangers of suburban living results in many plover pairs never breeding successfully. Their eggs, which blend into lawn scrub so well, are often trampled by unwary feet, or blasted into nothingness by lawn mowers. Their willingness to live among humans simultaneously protects them from traditional predators, yet opens up so many other threats.

Masked lapwings foolishly hanging on the roof

There are a pair of plovers that habitually hang around the front lawn of the house next door to my parents’. On the recent Easter weekend I went out to watch them (safely, from a distance). Apparently a breeding pair, they pootled about up and down the lawn, long yellow legs betraying their close relation to wading birds, fossicking in


the masked lapwing for ruining my shot at a glorious cricketing career. I moved to Caloundra as a 10 year old and signed up for the local cricket team immediately, so I could impress potential school chums with my sporting prowess. As the new kid I was quickly assigned to fine leg – a dull outfield position where you don’t see a lot of action. Unless you’re playing at Russell Barker Memorial Park, where the lapwings conveniently nest near the fine leg boundary and then spend their Saturday mornings bombarding whichever noob has been sent into their territory. Needless to say the opposition scored many a boundary down fine leg way as I ducked and weaved, failing to pay any attention at all to the game going onDr. Steven E. Kopits, an orthopedic surgeon who was nationally recognized for his work with dwarfism, died yesterday of a brain tumor at Union Memorial Hospital. He was 65 and lived in Homeland. As founder and director of the International Center for Skeletal Dysplasia at St. Joseph Medical Center in Towson, he was credited with surgeries that permitted his patients to walk and live on their own. Dr. Kopits was born in Budapest, Hungary, where his father and grandfather had been orthopedic surgeons.

Chandler Crews sat on a bench outside of Sinai Hospital in Baltimore one recent day, put her feet on the ground and grinned. Sitting this way was impossible for the 20-year-old from Arkansas just a few years ago because she was born with achondroplasia, a form


of dwarfism in which limbs don't grow in proportion with the torso. With bowed legs and a 3-foot-10-inch stature, she said she was unable to do many such "normal" things. She couldn't drive the family car or go for much of a walk without back and joint pain or even wash her hands in most sinks.

Brigitta and Edina Hagymasi were enjoying a normal childhood of playing with dolls, going to school and helping with household chores.But their future looked grim. Born with a rare form of dwarfism seven years ago, the sisters had to move more slowly than their triplet brother, who was not born with the genetic defect. The girls had begun to feel pain when climbing stairs or running.By adolescence, Brigitta and Edina would have neededassistance to walk. As adults, they faced life in wheelchairs.

Dr. Josette W. Bianchine, a retired Johns Hopkins pediatrician who worked in genetics, died of congestive heart failure June 6 at Suburban Hospital in Bethesda. She was 79. Born Josette Woel in Gonaive, Haiti, she studied at l'Ecole LaLue and came to the United States on a scholarship to the University of Illinois at Urbana, where she earned a biology degree. She was a 1958 graduate of State University of New York Upstate Medical University at Syracuse. She did an internship and residency in pediatrics and then served as chief resident at the Harriet Lane program at the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine.

When others said no, he pressed on. When others closed doors, he pushed forward. When they told


apartment balcony in Parkersburg, W. Va. Mr. Eberhardt, who also worked with Leonard Bernstein, was a percussionist for several long-running Broadway shows, including "The Innocents" and "The Boyfriend."John J. Wasmuth, 49, a biochemist who helped discover the genes that cause dwarfism and other diseases, died Friday in Irvine, Calif.

TOM CUSH, 10, son of Thomas and Elizabeth Cush of Chartridge, won a gold medal and two silver medals in swimming competition at the Dwarf Athletic Association of America games this month in Los Angeles.The soccer team his father coaches won a silver medal at the games, part of the annual conference of the Little People of America (LPA).Tom's gold medal came in the butterfly races and his silver medals in freestyle and backstroke.The Cushes joined LPA shortly after Tomwas born with achondroplasia, or dwarfism, in Alexandria Hospital in Virginia.

Dr. Josette W. Bianchine, a retired Johns Hopkins pediatrician who worked in genetics, died of congestive heart failure June 6 at Suburban Hospital in Bethesda. She was 79. Born Josette Woel in Gonaive, Haiti, she studied at l'Ecole LaLue and came to the United States on a scholarship to the University of Illinois at Urbana, where she earned a biology degree. She was a 1958 graduate of State University of New York Upstate Medical University at Syracuse. She did an internship and residency in pediatrics and then served as chief resident at the Harriet Lane program at the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine.

Biotechnology giant Genentech Inc. has agreed to pay $50 million to settle a criminal lawsuit which


alleged that it marketed a human growth hormone for unapproved uses during the 1980s and early 1990s.The criminal fine and restitution is one of the largest settlements in U.S. drug industry history and ends a Department of Justice investigation that began in 1995."We chose to settle the matter in order to avoid the cost and distraction of protracted litigation," Genentech Chief Executive Officer Arthur Levinson said in a statement.

Chandler Crews sat on a bench outside of Sinai Hospital in Baltimore one recent day, put her feet on the ground and grinned. Sitting this way was impossible for the 20-year-old from Arkansas just a few years ago because she was born with achondroplasia, a form of dwarfism in which limbs don't grow in proportion with the torso. With bowedgraduates at Villa Julie College in Stevenson listened intently at the 55th commencement yesterday as Ain recalled receiving dozens of rejections - an estimated 60 - from medical schools across the country.

Dominic "Yama" DiFelice started playing bocce because at 25 cents a game, bowling was too expensive. The 86-year-old Philadelphia native became one of the world's best bocce players, with so many championship titles and awards that one year he gave one of his trophies to every player at Baltimore's annual Wheelchair/Stand-up Bocce Tournament. Yesterday, DiFelice, who served as the tournament judge, awarded the first-place title and a $120 prize to a team of bocce players that included a Towson University professor, a guitar instructor, a graphic artist with a form of dwarfism and a player in a


wheelchair.

Dr. Steven E. Kopits, an orthopedic surgeon who was nationally recognized for his work with dwarfism, died yesterday of a brain tumor at Union Memorial Hospital. He was 65 and lived in Homeland. As founder and director of the International Center for Skeletal Dysplasia at St. Joseph Medical Center in Towson, he was credited with surgeries that permitted his patients to walk and live on their own. Dr. Kopits was born in Budapest, Hungary, where his father and grandfather had been orthopedic surgeons.

Dr. John Phillips Dorst, an expert on dwarfism who headed pediatric radiology at the Johns Hopkins Children's Center, died Tuesday of a brain tumor at Brightwood Genesis Eldercare in Brooklandville. He was 74 and had lived in Columbia since 1972. A prolific researcher who studied geneticbone disorders, he was director of pediatric radiology at the Hopkins Children's Center from 1966 to 1990. While there, he taught medical students, residents and fellows how to read children's X-rays. He retired in 1995.

In 1958, an American scientist managed to do what nature had failed to. He made a dwarf grow. For the first time, mankind had harnessed human growth hormone. By 1963, while technically still an experimental drug, the hormone was being supplied free of charge by the National Institutes of Health to pediatricians across the United States. For the next 22 years, the drug was administered to more than 8,000 stunted children. It worked. The children grew. But then, decades after taking the hormone, a small but steady succession of recipients began to develop strange


symptoms.

Biotechnology giant Genentech Inc. has agreed to pay $50 million to settle a criminal lawsuit which alleged that it marketed a human growth hormone for unapproved uses during the 1980s and early 1990s.The criminal fine and restitution is one of the largest settlements in U.S. drug industry history and ends a Department of Justice investigation that began in 1995."We chose to settle the matter in order to avoid the cost and distraction of protracted litigation," Genentech Chief Executive Officer Arthur Levinson said in a statement.

Dominic "Yama" DiFelice started playing bocce because at 25 cents a game, bowling was too expensive. The 86-year-old Philadelphia native became one of the world's best bocce players, with so many championship titles and awards that one year he gave one of his trophiesto every player at Baltimore's annual Wheelchair/Stand-up Bocce Tournament. Yesterday, DiFelice, who served as the tournament judge, awarded the first-place title and a $120 prize to a team of bocce players that included a Towson University professor, a guitar instructor, a graphic artist with a form of dwarfism and a player in a wheelchair.

Dr. John Phillips Dorst, an expert on dwarfism who headed pediatric radiology at the Johns Hopkins Children's Center, died Tuesday of a brain tumor at Brightwood Genesis Eldercare in Brooklandville. He was 74 and had lived in Columbia since 1972. A prolific researcher who studied genetic bone disorders, he was director of pediatric radiology at the Hopkins Children's Center from 1966 to 1990. While there, he taught medical students, residents and fellows how to read


children's X-rays. He retired in 1995.

TOM CUSH, 10, son of Thomas and Elizabeth Cush of Chartridge, won a gold medal and two silver medals in swimming competition at the Dwarf Athletic Association of America games this month in Los Angeles.The soccer team his father coaches won a silver medal at the games, part of the annual conference of the Little People of America (LPA).Tom's gold medal came in the butterfly races and his silver medals in freestyle and backstroke.The Cushes joined LPA shortly after Tom was born with achondroplasia, or dwarfism, in Alexandria Hospital in Virginia.

William Harold Eberhardt, 76, a percussionist who toured with George Gershwin and played marimba at Radio City Music Hall, died Saturday after falling three stories from his apartment balcony in Parkersburg, W. Va.Mr. Eberhardt, who also worked with Leonard Bernstein, was a percussionist for several long-running Broadway shows, including "The Innocents" and "The Boyfriend."John J. Wasmuth, 49, a biochemist who helped discover the genes that cause dwarfism and other diseases, died Friday in Irvine, Calif.


Athena SWAN

Athena SWAN (Scientific Women’s Academic Network) is a charter established and managed by the UK Equality Challenge Unit (now part of Advance HE) in 2005 that recognises and celebrates good practices in higher education and research institutions towards the advancement of gender equality: representation, progression and success for all.

History
The Athena SWAN charter was established in 2005 and the first awards were conferred in 2006. The initial charter set out to encourage and recognise commitment to advancing the careers of women in science, technology, engineering, mathematics, and medicine (STEMM) institutions of higher education and research. In 2011, the UK Chief Medical Officer made it a requirement for academic departments applying for funding from the English National Institution of Health Research to hold the Athena SWAN silver award.tending to keep a soil or rock mass in place (resisting forces) are exceeded by those promoting movement (driving forces). Resisting forces most commonly arise due to the shear strength of the material acting over an area , such as the slip surface beneath a landslide, or as a consequence of engineered works such as retaining walls. The primary driving force—the component of the weight of the earth, debris, or rock mass acting parallel to the slope—and the force occurring when the potential landslide mass is accelerated during an earthquake can also trigger landsliding. Changing the geometry of a slope, for example by excavating some areas and placing fill in others during construction, can alter the balance of resisting and driving forces enough to trigger a landslide.

It is


of roads and do extensive damage to property. Mudflows are more spectacular streams of mud that pour down canyons in mountainous regions during major rainstorms where there is little vegetation to protect hillsides from erosion. The runoff from the storm and mud becomes a thin slurry that funnels down the canyons until it thickens and stops. Earthquakes also may cause landslides by shaking unconsolidated or weathered material from slopes. Rockslides triggered by an earthquake in Montana in 1959 caused an entire mountainside to slide into the Madison River gorge, killing 27 people in its path, damming the gorge, and forming a new lake. Humans have triggered a number of tragic landslides that have caused great damage and loss of life. In the Los Angeles area of California, extensivemost-recent information available at these sites:

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snow melts.

The most common cause of landslides is excessive moisture in the ground, because of heavy rains or melting snow. When the ground becomes so full of water it cannot hold any more, the soil loses its ability to stick together. It also becomes heavier, which hastens its movement down the slope. Not all landslides are caused by water. Earthquakes, the sudden movements of earth which release huge amounts of energy, trigger the largest and most devastating landslides. Other events that cause landslides include volcanoes and vibrations from explosions or heavy traffic. Human activities, such as mountainside development and mining, also contribute to instability on slopes. Forest fires are indirect causes of landslides, since they remove the vegetation and roots that hold the soil in place.

While rapid landslidessmall rocks and shallow layers of loose soil that commonly follows volcanic eruptions.

deforestation:

the removal of all or most of the trees from a region.

earthflow:

a landslide that consists of material that is moist and full of clay, yet drier than the material in mudflows.

earthquake:

a sudden shifting of masses of rock beneath Earth's surface, which releases enormous amounts of energy and sends out shock waves that cause the ground to shake.

erosion:

the removal of soil by water or wind. This is especially harmful when the uppermost layer of soil, called the topsoil, is stripped away, because this is the layer where plants grow.

fall:

the downward motion of rock or soil through the air or along the surface of a steep slope.

lahar:

a mudflow composed of volcanic ash and water that occurs in the


the planet.

In the early morning hours of April 29, 1903, a block of limestone approximately 0.5 square miles (0.8 square kilometers) in area cascaded onto the coal mining village of Frank in south-central Alberta, Canada. The limestone, which weighed 50 million to 90 million tons (45 million to 82 million metric tons) and was 500 feet (152 meters) thick, came hurtling down from a height of 3,100 feet (945 meters) between two peaks of Turtle Mountain. Seventy-six people were killed instantly in the
landslide, although some records place the number as high as ninety. In addition to burying part of the town, the fallen rock dammed the Crowsnest River and created a new lake.

Native inhabitants feared the mountain

The native people, who were the original inhabitants of the region, recognizedthe dangers of Turtle Mountain. The mountain had been named for its shape, which resembled a turtle's shell and had a slab of limestone sticking out like a turtle's head. To the Indians, it was "the mountain that walked." Fearing a rock slide, the native people shunned the idea of settling, or even so much as camping, at the base of the mountain.

Turtle Mountain was indeed geologically unstable, meaning it had little resistance to sliding or collapsing. The twin-peaked mountain was composed of weather-worn limestone near its peak and soft stone laced with veins of coal at lower altitudes. The angle of the mountain was especially steep on the eastern slope, and the face had developed cracks. Along the cracks, the rock was fragmented. An earthquake two years


prior to the rock slide had made the rock fragmentation worse. Further weakening of the rock foundation was brought about by the tunneling of coal mining shafts, which were dug about 1 mile (1.3 kilometers) into the mountain.

Frank established as a mining town

The town of Frank was incorporated on September 10, 1901, just eleven months after a coal deposit had
been discovered at the base of the mountain. It was named after H. L. Frank, a banker from Montana who had funded a mining operation to extract the coal. He persuaded adventurous frontiersmen, many of them recent arrivals from Europe, to travel to Turtle Mountain and work in the mine. He also paid the Canadian Pacific Railway to run railroad tracks from the main line to the mine entrance.By the time the town of Frank was established, miners were extracting hundreds of tons of coal each day.

The town of Frank looked just like a Hollywood set for a Western movie. Among the company buildings—miners' cabins, office buildings, and a boarding house—sprang up hotels, saloons, and casinos. The miners spent a significant portion of their earnings on drinking and gambling. By the spring of 1903, Frank had a population of approximately six hundred people.

The mountain tumbles down

In the months prior to the landslide, miners had reported numerous sounds that should have been taken as warnings of the mountain's instability. The wooden supports in the tunnels groaned loudly and the tunnel walls shook. The vibrations had become so violent that coal literally dropped from the ceiling, forming piles


that the miners merely had to shovel into cars. The night before the landslide, the mountain emitted a rumble that could be heard throughout the valley. Area residents ignored the noise and went to sleep.

Disaster struck at 4:10 am the next morning. According to Sid Choquette, a brakeman on the railroad who had been walking alongside a slow-moving train, the mountain began to creak and groan loudly, then emitted an eerie whistling roar. Next Choquette heard a sound like cannon fire and saw a huge slab of rock racing down the slope, right toward the town. Choquette jumped aboard the train and the engineer set the controls on full-throttle. The train raced for the bridge that spanned the Crowsnest River and made it across just moments before theavalanche of rocks wiped out the bridge. The railroad crew watched, stunned, as millions of tons of limestone plowed through the south side of Frank, continued 2.5 miles (3.2 kilometers) across the valley floor, and then climbed 400 feet (122 meters) up the opposite slope.

In a little more than a minute the rock slide, plus a wall of cold air that forcefully thrust ahead of it, leveled much of the town of Frank, killing many of its residents. Three-quarters of the houses were destroyed, as were the electric power plant, the livery stable, the shoe store, the miners' temporary quarters, the construction camp, the cemetery, and
more than 1 mile (1.6 kilometers) of the Canadian Pacific Railroad. The debris tumbled into the river, blocking the flow of water, and


portions of the railroad tracks were covered by rocks 100 feet (30 meters) deep. Structures were ripped apart, flung across the valley, and then buried forever by the massive limestone boulders. Only twelve bodies were recovered, and the exact number of dead was never determined. Because there were no accurate records of the number of inhabitants at the time, it was impossible to compile a list of the missing.

Trapped miners dig themselves out

When the rocks fell, seventeen workers were inside the mine and three others were taking a lunch break outside the entrance. The rock slide fell on the entrance, killing the three men outside and trapping the others inside. The miner most familiar with the mine's layout informed his trapped co-workers that they were at least 295feet (90 meters) from the edge of the mountain. The miners knew they had to act quickly if they were going to get out alive. They realized the airshafts were probably blocked, meaning that breathable air would be in short supply. They were also concerned that explosive and lethal gases might be escaping from cracks in the rock walls.

The miners first tried to tunnel outward, but made little progress. Every time they dug into the wall, more rock tumbled down to fill in the space. After a few hours they tried a new strategy: digging upward, along a vein of coal. The coal was softer and easier to remove than the limestone. Three men dug at a time. They worked in shifts, making slow but steady progress. About


thirteen hours after the rock slide, the miners reached the surface. They climbed out onto the mountainside and looked in horror upon the devastation below.

Rescue efforts

People in Frank not directly in the rock slide's path were shaken from their slumber by the loud roar. Stunned, they staggered into the streets to see what had happened. Seeing fires and hearing screams for help, some people grabbed their lanterns and rushed toward the wreckage. The avalanche, however, spared few of those it touched. Rescuers only found twenty-three people alive in the landslide's path.

At one ruined home, merchant Alex Leitch and his wife and four sons were found dead. At another home, Sam Ennis had dug himself out of the rubble and worked with rescuers to free his wife, Lucy, froma beam that had fallen on her. Even while trapped, Lucy Ennis had managed to save their baby daughter, Gladys, who was choking on a clod of dirt. Sam
Ennis' brother-in-law, James Warrington, was also buried beneath a pile of rocks. Warrington warned rescuers to dig gingerly, since he felt something soft beneath him. It turned out that Warrington had landed on top of his next-door neighbor, Mrs. Watkins, who had been thrown from her own house.

On the railroad tracks, brakeman Sid Choquette, still shaken from his brush with death, turned his attention to the passenger train that was due to arrive in an hour. If it wasn't warned, the train would crash into the rock-covered tracks. He made his way through the cloud of dust that hung in


the air and across rocks the size of small buildings until he arrived at the tracks on the east side of the rockpile. With only minutes to spare, he was able to flag down the train and prevent a second disaster.

The aftermath of the slide

It was later determined that the slide had been set in motion when a sudden cold spell caused water from melting snow to freeze within the cracks. The freezing water had expanded as it turned to ice and had forced the cracks to widen, sending the rocks tumbling down the slopes.

The mine reopened briefly after the landslide, only to be shut down by a fire in 1905. H. L. Frank suffered a nervous breakdown and was placed in a mental institution; he died therein 1908. The mine reopened one more time, but was permanently closed in 1918. Today, about two hundred people live in the town of Frank.

On February 17, 2006, a series of mud slides caused widespread damage and loss of life in the Philippine province of Southern Leyte. Over 80 inches (200 cm) of rain had fallen in ten days, loosening the soil. Deforestation, the removal of all or most of the trees, of mountain slopes may have contributed to the unstable conditions. The actual landslide was triggered by small earthquake of magnitude 2.6 on the Richter scale.

Devil's Slide is an area of California State Highway 1 that suffers from frequent blockage and damage due to slides and slumps, which are slower downhill movements. The most recent closure was


in April of 2006, when longitudinal cracks appeared in the roadway. The highway was reopened for limited use in August 2006. Efforts to build a bypass around Devil's Slide that would have bisected a California state park were opposed by environmentalists concerned with loss of valuable and ecologically sensitive coastal habitat. Instead, California is constructing a tunnel, with completion set for 2011.

Mudflows strike southern Italy

Two days of heavy rains set off deadly mudflows in the Campania region of southern Italy on May 5, 1998. The rivers of mud that rushed down from the mountains flowed into several towns across a 35-mile (60-kilometer) stretch from Sarno to Naples. One week after the disaster the death toll was 139, with an estimated 146 people still missing. The majority of thefatalities occurred in Sarno.

The mudflows were so forceful that they inundated buildings, destroyed homes, and buried people. At least fifteen hundred people were left homeless. After the disaster, the streets of the affected towns were wastelands of mud, wood, boulders, and other debris. Telephone, electricity, and water service were cut off. The mudflows were among Italy's worst natural disasters of all time; they were nicknamed by the Italian media the "Pompeii of the Year 2000," after the famous volcanic eruption that took thousands of lives in 79 ce.

Several thousand soldiers, firefighters, and military personnel from a nearby U.S. Navy base searched for survivors. They freed several people trapped in homes or cars. Searchers found a man who, for three days, had been buried up to his neck in


mud in his cellar. Rescue workers used bulldozers and shovels to clear streets of hardened mud, which in some places was 10 feet (3 meters) high.

The damage from the mud slide was blamed on lax construction codes, which allowed the building of houses in areas known to be vulnerable to mud slides. Another factor was the illegal building of houses in areas where construction had been off-limits. The intensity of the mud slides was due, in part, to recent forest fires that had stripped the slopes of vegetation.

The eruption of Mount St. Helens on May 18, 1980, produced a series of lahars, or volcanic mudflows. The lahars (pronounced LAH-hahrs) flowed many miles down the Toutle River and Cowlitz River, destroying bridges and lumber camps. A total of 3.9steepened by erosion, the removal of soil, by rivers, glaciers, or waves. The rocks may be pried loose from the cliff or mountain by the freezing and thawing of water in the slope's cracks. Evidence of rockfalls can be seen in the piles of rock and debris at the base of steep slopes.

Large rockfalls can cause terrific damage. In 1970, for instance, a rockfall from the peak of the Huascarán volcano in Peru, triggered by an earthquake, created a debris avalanche that buried villages at the base of the volcano and killed almost twenty thousand people.

A geologist who witnessed the 1970 rockfall reported:

I heard a great roar coming from Huascarán. Looking up, I saw what appeared to be a great cloud of dust and it looked as though


not included in narrow definitions of landslide. Solifluction involves sensitive layers of silt and clay that underlie level terraces. It takes place, at speeds ranging from very slow to very fast, when snow or ice thaws or when earthquakes produce shocks that turn the soil into a fluid mass. This flow of watery sediment is common in Scandinavia and on the slopes above the St. Lawrence River valley in Quebec, Canada. In 1971, a solifluction earthflow at St.-Jean Vianney in the St. Lawrence River valley swept away thirty-eight homes and took thirty-one lives.

There are also earthflows of dry material that move very quickly, sometimes for great distances, over gentle slopes. Dry-material earthflows can be triggered by earthquakes or the falling of rock from steep slopes above. An earthquakebackward toward the slope in a series of curving downward and outward movements. On a slope on which slump is occurring, steplike depressions are created, and a bulge of earth forms at the base of the slope. A curved scar is left in the area where the material existed before the slump.

Slumps often occur on sea cliffs, the bases of which have been cut away by currents or waves. They can also be seen on slopes that have been eroded by a stream or glacier, as well as those that have been made steeper by construction, such as along roads and highways. They are usually triggered by heavy, prolonged rains or earthquakes.

Landslides prompted by heavy rains

One cause of landslides is the saturation of soil on steep slopes, caused


by prolonged or heavy rainfall (such as from severe storms) or the melting of large quantities of snow or ice. Once the soil on the surface becomes saturated, the water makes its way down to lower layers. Those layers become slippery at the same time that the surface material is made heavier by the water. At some point the soil, pulled downward by gravity and lubricated by the water underneath, slides away from the slope. On January 11-13, 1966, for instance, heavy rains gave way to landslides on the mountainsides above Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The cascading mud and debris killed some 550 people and brought transportation and communication systems to a halt.

Garbage landslide in the Philippines

One of the strangest and most tragic landslides happened on July 10,2000, in Manila, capital of the Philippines. A mountain of garbage in the metropolitan dump, saturated (filled with water to the absolute maximum) from monsoon rains, collapsed and swept away hundreds of shacks and huts used by locals who scavenged the dump for usable materials and food. The shanty town was nicknamed "Promised Land" because of the opportunity it offered to make a little money. Estimates of the number of lives lost range from two hundred to more than eight hundred.

Similarly, on April 26, 1974, driving rains caused a landslide on a mountain above the Mantaro River in Huancavelica Province, Peru. The
falling debris landed on twelve small villages, causing the deaths of two hundred to three hundred people. It also blocked the river, backing up the water into


a natural reservoir 8 miles (13 kilometers) long, 200 yards (183 meters) wide, and 10 to 20 yards (9 to 18 meters) deep. The landslide caused about $5 million in damages. The greatest cost was for the repair of the Huancayo-Ayacucho Highway. In 1990 a rain-induced landslide again occurred in Peru, this time in the village of San Miguel de Río Mayo, some 500 miles (800 kilometers) north of the capital city of Lima. About two hundred people were unaccounted for and presumed dead after mud flooded the town.

In the low, rolling mountains capped with red sandstone above the Gros Ventre River in northwestern Wyoming (just south of Grand Teton National Park), several days of heavy rain, coupled with melting snow, caused the largest landslide in U.S. historyon June 23, 1925. Some 50 million cubic yards (38 million cubic meters) of rock and debris fell into the
Gros Ventre River, creating a natural dam 350 feet (107 meters) in height. The 5-mile-long (8-kilometer-long) and 225-foot-deep (68-meter-deep) body of water created behind the dam was named Slide Lake by local residents. On May 18, 1927, almost two years after the landslide, melting snow flooded the river and the dam broke loose. Luckily there had been plenty of advance warning, and most of those living in the area evacuated before floodwaters destroyed their downriver settlement.

Intense rainfall from hurricanes can cause multiple landslides. In August 1969, for instance, Hurricane Camille dumped 27 inches (68 centimeters) of rain on the Appalachian Mountains in central Virginia over an eight-hour period. The


soil at the top of steep slopes became saturated and set in motion dozens of debris avalanches. About 150 people were killed by the flowing material. Throughout the region, houses were destroyed and roads and bridges were buried or washed out.

Earthquake-generated landslides

Earthquakes that occur in areas with steep slopes can cause the slipping of surface soil and rock, and the collapse of cliffs. The shock waves produced by earthquakes send material hurtling downward in violent landslides. Earthquake-induced landslides happen in mountainous regions such as China, parts of Southern California, Alaska, Turkey, and Iran.

One landslide produced by a severe earthquake occurred in Montana, west of Yellowstone Park, on August 17, 1959. In that case, 40 million cubic yards (30 million cubic meters) of rock tore off the wall ofthe Madison River Canyon and slid into the river below at a speed of about 100 miles (160 kilometers) per hour. The rocks killed twenty-six people and blocked the river. A lake 6 miles (9.7 kilometers) long and 180 feet (55 meters) deep was formed in the process. After the landslide, a spillway (a passageway near the top of a dam through which water from the reservoir travels when the water level becomes high) was carved out of the natural dam and lined with large blocks of rock, creating sufficient drainage to handle heavy rains and keep the dam from collapsing.

In Kashmir (a region in southwest Asia adjacent to India and Pakistan) in 1840, an earthquake sparked a landslide that dammed the Indus River, forming a lake about


40 miles (64 kilometers) long and 1,000 feet (300 meters) deep. In 1949 in Tajikistan (then part of the Soviet Union), earthquakes in the Pamir Mountains set off landslides that buried the town of Khait, killing all of its twelve thousand residents. Today, Russian

seismologists (scientists who study earthquakes) operate a laboratory for earthquake prediction research near Khait.

Landslides triggered by volcanic eruptions

Volcanic eruptions often produce a type of mudflow called a lahar. The material in a lahar is created when volcanic ash mixes with water; the water comes from the melting of snow and glaciers around the volcanic crater. The lahar may be very hot and can travel down the steep sides of a volcano at speeds of 100 miles (160 kilometers) per hour. It can flow for greatremaining rock can no longer hold the land above it, the surface collapses.

Large sinkholes form when cave ceilings weaken, become unable to support the weight of the ground above them, and collapse. Another cause of sinkholes is the depletion of aquifers, which are underground layers of spongy rock, gravel, or sand in which water collects. Aquifers become depleted when the underground water is pumped out of the ground faster than it can be replenished by rainwater. A sinkhole may also be formed when pockets of underground gas escape, such as during an earthquake.

In the United States, sinkholes have caused the greatest damage in Florida, Texas, Alabama, Missouri, Kentucky, Tennessee, and Pennsylvania. The country's largest sinkhole on record, called the "December Giant," formed in the woods near Montevallo, Alabama,


in Shelby County, on December 2, 1972. The sinkhole, discovered by hunters, was 425 feet (130 meters) long, 350 feet (107 meters) wide, and 150 feet (45 meters) deep. Two days prior to the discovery, a resident in the vicinity had reported that his house shook, trees broke, and he heard a roaring noise.

In 1981 a large sinkhole formed in Winter Park, Florida. As the ground gave way, a three-bedroom house and three cars were swallowed up. The formation of sinkholes is a growing problem in urban areas of central Florida, as the population grows and underground aquifers become depleted at an alarming rate.

In May 1980, with the eruption of Mount St. Helens in southern Washington State, came one of the largest landslides in U.S. history. Part ofthe north face of the mountain blew out and the volcanic ash combined with water from lakes and rivers to form colossal mudflows. The mud blocked rivers and ruined bridges and roads. (Fortunately, the area had been evacuated
in advance.) Mud even stopped up the Columbia River, a main thoroughfare to the Pacific Ocean, trapping thirty ocean-going ships downstream.

Lahars resulting from the 1985 eruption of the Nevado del Ruiz volcano in the Colombian Andes struck an area that had not been evacuated, despite warnings from geologists (scientists who study the origin, history, and structure of the Earth). The largest of the mudflows overtook the city of Armero, where it claimed at least twenty-three thousand lives and left another twenty thousand people homeless. In some places, the mud was 12


feet (3.7 meters) deep. About 15 square miles (39 square kilometers) of land, including rich farmlands where coffee and rice were grown, were covered by the lahar.

Where landslides occur

Landslides occur throughout the world. They are serious problems in several nations, however, particularly in Italy and Japan. More than one thousand urban areas in Italy are in danger zones

for landslides. In Japan, thousands of homes are lost and more than one hundred people are killed by landslides each year.

In the United States, landslides take place in all fifty states. Across the country, they kill between twenty-five and fifty people and cause up to $2 billion in damage each year. Landslides are the most prevalent in the Appalachians and Rocky Mountains, as well as along the Pacific Coast. It isestimated that more than two million landslides have occurred in the Appalachians, and evidence of past landslides exists on more than 30 percent of the area of West Virginia. In Colorado that figure is 8 percent. More than six hundred landslides have been distinguished in Utah. Coastal slides are a constant menace in California; the San Gabriel Mountains frequently unleash debris flows that ruin homes in the northern Los Angeles area.

Each year, landslides take hundreds of lives and cause billions of dollars in damage throughout the world. Landslides engulf villages and kill people and animals. Falling and sliding rock, soil, and debris flatten houses and cars and uproot trees. Material that spills onto a roadway or railroad tracks halts traffic and causes accidents and sometimes fatalities.
When rocks fall


above Yosemite Valley on a granite arch, suddenly broke loose. The rocks, weighing 68,000 tons (61,676 metric tons), slid down a steep slope for the first 500 feet (152 meters) and then took to the air and fell freely for the next 1,700 feet (518 meters) until smashing into a rocky slope near the base of the cliff. When the fragmented rocks struck the ground,
they were traveling faster than 160 miles (257 kilometers) per hour.

On impact, the rockfall released a wind blast that knocked over hundreds of pine and oak trees and destroyed a nature center and snack bar nearby. The falling trees killed one park visitor and injured several others. The dust from the rockfall and blast of wind blotted out the sky and hung in theon the slopes above and in the valleys below in the danger zone. The slopes are steep and unstable. Much of the soil is barren, since frequent wildfires remove vegetation. Some landslides are triggered by intense storms, which saturate the soil and start it moving downhill. Frequent earthquakes also set landslides in motion.

The deadliest landslide in the region's history occurred in February 1969. During the winter of 1968–69, about 44 inches (112 centimeters) of rain fell on the Los Angeles area over a forty-two-day period. As the record-setting rain (which came after forest fires had cleared the slopes of vegetation the previous summer) fell on the San Gabriel Mountains, it soaked layers of soil and gravel. That material eventually began traveling down the mountainsides, gathering debris as it


went. The muddy torrent drowned or buried one hundred people and caused about $1 billion in damage. One of the hardest-hit places was the fashionable suburb of Glendora, where the mud slide damaged 160 homes and destroyed 5 others. Mud piled up on the major highway leading into Los Angeles and destroyed citrus groves as far north as the Ventura, Santa Barbara, and San Luis Obispo counties.

Another part of the Los Angeles area that has suffered from slides is Portuguese Bend on the Palos Verdes Peninsula. Portuguese Bend is an expensive clifftop housing development overlooking the Pacific Ocean. It was built despite warnings from geologists about the region's instability. The material on the top of the cliffs, on which the houses sit, is sandstone mixed with a claymaterial made of hardened volcanic ash—materials that readily absorb water. The layer of rock below is shale, which becomes slippery when wet. The bases of the cliffs are subject to erosion by waves.

In 1956, heavy rains caused the first movement of the cliff tops since the homes went up. From the 1960s through the 1980s the gradual slide was made worse by a series of earthquakes, plus the increased weight from additional homes. In 1969, houses on nearby Point Fermin went sliding into the ocean. By the end of the 1980s, the slide of the cliff top in Portuguese Bend had damaged or destroyed 150 homes for a total cost of $10 million. Thereafter, new development in Portuguese Bend was halted and a drainage system was put in


to keep the rain from overflowing aquifers and soaking the ground. (An aquifer is an underground layer of spongy rock, gravel, or sand in which water collects.)

World's deadliest landslide: Gansu, China

On December 16, 1920, the deadliest landslide in recorded history struck Gansu (formerly Kansu), China, resulting in 180,000 deaths. The cause of the landslide was an earthquake centered near the border with Tibet. The hills and cliffs in the region were treeless and covered with a layer of loess (pronounced LOW-ess or LUSS), a soft, loosely packed material formed from the yellowish dust of the Gobi Desert. The combination of the bare slopes and the fine dust made the soil highly susceptible to slides.

The shock of the earthquake caused the sides of 100-foot (30-meter) cliffs to collapse. Fallingmaterial barricaded the entrances of mountainside caves, in which many peasants made their homes. The landslide laid waste to ten cities and numerous villages in the valleys.

In one village, the only survivors were a farmer and his two sons. Their plot of land had broken loose from a mountaintop and slid down the slope intact, atop a stream of flowing debris. The day of the Gansu landslides is known in China as Shan Tso-liao, or "When the mountains walked."

Trees, shrubs, or grasses are planted on bare slopes to hold the soil in place and to stop material that begins to slide. Terraces (broad, steplike cuts) are constructed on steep slopes, so that falling material or water is only able to travel short distances before landing on a plateau


organizations monitor rainfall data

and forecasts in areas prone to landslides and issue warnings when the ground is becoming saturated. Landslides that come in the wake of volcanic eruptions can also be predicted. Volcano early warning systems detect rumblings that precede eruptions and, quite likely, volcanic

Housing development collapses in the Philippines

On August 3, 1999, following four days of heavy rains that caused widespread flooding throughout eastern Asia, a hillside collapsed in Antipolo City, a suburb of Manila. Thirty-one people were killed as the wall of earth crashed into a housing development; as many as forty others were missing and presumed dead. Twenty-five houses were buried by the landslide, and 378 others were damaged. During that same week in the central Philippines, sixty-one other people died in the flooding.

Filipino officialsplaced the blame for the landslide on a nearby rock and gravel quarry. They claimed that too much rock had been excavated from the slope too close to the houses, thereby allowing groundwater to reach the ground and soften it. The heavy rains proved to be the final straw that caused the earth to give way and collapse on the houses. Officials also noted that they had issued evacuation warnings when cracks appeared in houses and streets earlier that day, but most residents had ignored the warnings.

mudflows. People living in the vicinity of a volcano are given plenty of advance warning of the need to evacuate.

Assessing the danger of building

When construction is proposed in hilly areas, an assessment is made of the hazards posed by landslides. To determine


the stability of the slope and the suitability of the region for construction, researchers conduct geologic explorations to determine soil and rock properties and look at the history of landslides in the area. From that information they can predict the frequency with which landslides will occur, as well as the destructive potential of those landslides. Areas where landslides are likely to occur would then be placed off-limits to construction and possibly designated for parkland or other limited use.

BOOKS

Committee on the Review of the National Landslide Hazards Mitigation Strategy, Board on Earth Sciences and Resources, National Research Council. Partnerships for Reducing Landslide Risk: Assessment of the National Landslide Hazards Mitigation Strategy. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 2004.

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Landslide

Environmental Encyclopedia
COPYRIGHT 2003 The Gale Group Inc.

Landslide

A general term for the discrete downslope movement of rock and soil masses under gravitational influence along a failure zone. The term "landslide" can refer to the resulting land form, as well as to the process of movement. Many types of landslides occur, and they are classified by several


channel, causing many fatalities: A single mudslide in Venezuela in 1999 killed approximately 20,000 people. In the United States, landslides kill 5-50 people every year and do more than $2 billion of damage. As of 2008, the greatest loss of life in a single landslide in U.S. history was in Puerto Rico in 1985, when a landslide killed 129 people. A single 1983 landslide in Thistle, Utah, was the most expensive single landslide in U.S. history, causing over $400 million in direct and indirect costs.

Historical Background and Scientific Foundations

Landslides occur on Earth and on many other bodies in the solar system, including Mars, Jupiter’s moon Io, and various asteroids. They occur whenever a steeply sloping mass of loose material—sand, rock, soil, or any combination of these, often (onEarth) mixed with water—is set into motion. This often occurs when intense rainfall increases the density and mobility of the mass and it begins to flow. Motion may also be triggered by an earthquake, volcanic eruption, or artificial explosion. A single heavy storm or strong earthquake can trigger thousands of landslides over a large area. Landscapes are an important contributor to the evolution and erosion of mountainous landscapes.

Landslides also occur underwater along the edges of continental shelves and along the steep slopes of some islands. A large submarine landslide, as an underwater landslide is called, may trigger a landslide tsunami. Although not covering as large an area of coast as a typical large earthquake tsunami, a landslide tsunami can be deadly: In July, 1998, a 50-ft (15-m) high,


doing so. Slopes that have been altered for roads or building construction or that have been deforested or burned over by wildfires are more likely to give way than undisturbed slopes or slopes that are stabilized by vegetation. In the United States, many landslides in the western part of the country occur in the fall and winter, when rains come after the summer fire season.

According to the U.S. Geological Survey, all 50 U.S. states experience landslides, with 36 states having moderate to highly severe landslide hazards. Most landslide damage occurs in the Pacific Coast region (including Alaska and Hawaii), the Rocky Mountains, the Appalachian Mountains, and Puerto Rico. Seismically active areas are most at risk, because earthquakes are effective triggers for landslides. For example, several thousand landslides werelines, pipelines for fuel and water, electrical transmission lines, and healthcare facilities. By destroying livestock and crops, landslides in Asia and South America have also increased the vulnerability of rural sustenance farmers in developing countries to food insecurity, also making them more vul-

nerable to other disasters. Indirect costs include rescue, cleanup, tourism losses, and lost productivity.

Life and property losses from landslides are increasing around the world, including the United States, for two reasons. First, more people are in harm’s way, as increasing populations settle locations vulnerable to landslide. Second, increasingly frequent intense-rainfall events in many parts of the world, possibly a result of global climate change, are increasing the frequency of landslides, especially in deforested parts of Asia, Latin America, Australia, and New Zealand.

Predicting landslides would save many


Fast-flowing flooding could pose a “danger to life” as more than a month’s worth of rain soaks parts of England in less than six hours, forecasters have warned.

The Met Office has issued an amber weather warning for London and the Southeast, where “intense” deluges and thunderstorms are expected on Monday evening.

Up to 60mm of rain is forecast to fall over four to six hours in some areas of the southern England, which has an average June rainfall of 51mm.

A yellow warning for disruption caused by “heavy prolonged rainfall” is in place for the whole of the day across the Southeast, London, the Midlands and parts of Yorkshire.

Forecasters warned the downpours could cause flooding, train and bus delays, and difficult driving conditions.

Flooding and road closures in torrential rain: Inpictures Show all 12 1 /12 Flooding and road closures in torrential rain: In pictures Flooding and road closures in torrential rain: In pictures Kent police have warned against using the roads unless absolutely necessary Kent Police RPU Flooding and road closures in torrential rain: In pictures M20 at Junction 2-1 is flooded due to a nearby river bursting its banks Kent Police RPU Flooding and road closures in torrential rain: In pictures Flooding in Kingston-upon-Thames on Monday Pat Flynn Flooding and road closures in torrential rain: In pictures Flooding in Truro, Cornwall. Flooding began on Sunday Bridge Street Barber Shop Flooding and road closures in torrential rain: In pictures Norman Park in Bromley, Greater London is flooded on the morning of June 11 Kev Howarth Flooding and


road closures in torrential rain: In pictures M25 at Junction 4-5 is closed due to a sinkhole Kent Police RPU Flooding and road closures in torrential rain: In pictures Flooding in Truro, Cornwall. Flooding began on Sunday Bridge Street Barber Shop Flooding and road closures in torrential rain: In pictures A man braves the weather on the pier in Eastbourne, Sussex on Monday PA Flooding and road closures in torrential rain: In pictures Flooding in Truro, Cornwall. Flooding began on Sunday Bridge Street Barber Shop Flooding and road closures in torrential rain: In pictures Tourists are soaked in the Eastbourne, Sussex on Monday PA Flooding and road closures in torrential rain: In pictures A flood alert has been put out for the River Wandle by Wandsworth, which iswith the FIA now able to compel the manufacturer with the fewest customers to supply a team that needs an engine.

Honda was not keen, particularly given its struggles with performance and reliability, but would do so if asked because of its duty to F1.

When the situation on and off track improved last year, Honda turned its attention to the possibility of taking on a second team.

Last summer, it expanded its Milton Keynes base to provide the space to accommodate another supply and talks with interested parties beginning soon after.

Sauber emerged as the frontrunner, particularly given it was growing increasingly frustrated with supplier Ferrari regarding performance and unreliability.

An announcement is expected in the coming days with engine manufacturers required to notify the FIA of who it intends to supply


Expanded National Gallery reopens in Dublin

The historic wings of the National Gallery of Ireland – areas of which have been closed for decades – will reopen to the public on 15 June, following a six-year programme of rebuilding, refurbishment and restoration that cost around €30 million.

Ireland's outgoing premier Enda Kenny visited the gallery on 14 June in what was his final official appointment before stepping down as Taoiseach after six years in office.

Since 2011 around 80 per cent of the gallery's exhibition space has been out of bounds to allow for works overseen by the Office of Public Works (OPW) and Heneghan Peng, a Dublin-based architectural firm responsible for large-scale international projects such as the Grand Egyptian Museum currently nearing completion in Giza.

The National Gallery now has anew glazed internal courtyard, between the Dargan Wing and the 1901 Milltown Wing, as part of a redesign project to integrate 15 different museum levels over four wings built between 1864 and 2002.

The new-look gallery building has some 650 works on display including a freshly-restored Perugino and a new portrait of champion hurler Henry Shefflin by Tipperary artist Gerry Davis.

The gallery's reopening will coincide with the exhibition Vermeer and the Masters of Genre Painting: Inspiration and Rivalry (17 June-17 Sept), co-organised with the Louvre in Paris and the National Gallery of Art in Washington DC.

Last year the gallery attracted 750,000 visitors but this year its director Sean Rainbird expects visitor numbers to top one million.


set of easily navigable cities. The top three were Minneapolis (shortest commute), San Francisco (fewer people driving to work now), and Seattle (short commute and don't have to leave too early). Sadly for residents of Washington, D.C., Riverside, and Miami, you're driving commutes are at the bottom of the list.

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Jon Hopkins – 'Immunity'

London producer Hopkins had been making works of minor genius for a while (and working with Coldplay), but ‘Immunity’ was his masterpiece – an LP that showed how well musical virtuosity could work against metallic electronic production. The whole thing lumbers, burps and wails like a giant, clunking robot with a beating human heart. A unique and remarkable epic. Jonny Ensall

King Krule – '6 Feet Beneath the Moon'

It took 19-year-old south London grumbler Archy Marshall seven years to pull ‘6 Feet…’ together, but boy was it worth the wait. His 14-track lament to life’s pitfalls neatly packed roughshod riffs (as on single ‘Easy Easy’) beside plaintive post-dubstep and intricate jazzy rhythms. Add in


in Surat had been sealed for violations of fire safety norms. As many as 1,123 properties in the city have been issued notices for not adhering to fire safety norms.

The official said Chief Minister Vijay Rupani, who had immediately rushed to Surat on Friday after the fire tragedy, was “very disturbed and wants strictest action.”

As many as 22 students studying at an arts coaching centre on the covered terrace, which became the fourth floor, of a three-storey building Takshashila Arcade in Surat's Sarthana area lost their lives in the huge fire on Friday. They were in the age group of 14 to 17 years.

Fourteen students are still under treatment at four hospitals in Surat with three in intensive care units, official sources said.

Mr. Singh said the Surat MunicipalIncoming MLS expansion team Nashville SC has agreed to a deal with Danish club Brondby for German midfielder Hany Mukhtar, sources have told The Athletic.

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Mukhtar, a 24-year-old attacking midfielder, has spent the last three seasons with Brondby. He recorded seven goals and six assists in 29 Danish Superliga appearances last season, but he hasn’t played in any of the club’s 13 Superliga or Europa League matches this


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