sinless ?" "?" "in ?" "?" "thy holy eyes ?" "?" "amen ?" "Here lies a man who brought his bride to Spencer's mountain over 70 years ago..." "Whose children were born on this very summit..." "Where his son now builds a house for his children and for generations to come." "Nine fine sons..." "And 32 grandchildren..." "Owe their being to this fine old man-- the fountainhead of the Spencers of this valley." "It was his request that this goodbye be kept simple." "That for the comfort of his beloved wife and family, this hymn be sung." "?" "I come to the garden alone ?" "?" "while the dew ?" "?" "is still on the roses ?" "?" "and the voice ?" "?" "I hear ?" "?" "fallingcore code from indiscriminate use.

University of Maryland student Kayla Little has wanted to be a doctor since she was 11 years old — but a nationwide rise in textbook prices has proved to be an obstacle to her success.

"I've wanted to go into medicine for the longest [time], and I really don't want to give that up for books," said Little, who hopes to go to medical school and become an orthopedic surgeon for a professional sports team.

From its founding in 1965, the Grateful Dead was always an unusual band. Rising amidst the counterculture movement in the San Francisco Bay Area, the Grateful Dead’s music had roots in multiple styles and genres but did not lend itself to easy categorization. Was it psychedelic? Folk? Blues? Country? Yes, it


was all of these and more. The band frequently performed well-known public domain songs, but they made the songs their own.

Members of the band could effortlessly play across traditional and diverse styles. At concerts, they often performed songs that sounded familiar at first but grew and evolved across styles and genres. Songs often turned into lengthy jam sessions in which musicians played off one another, discovering new musical motifs and expanding them together.

Librsvg feels like it is reaching a tipping point, where suddenly it seems like it would be easier to just port some major parts from C to Rust than to just add accessors for them. Also, more and more of the meat of the library is in Rust now.

I'm switching back and forth a lot betweensaid attackers, presumably with no relation to the one reported by Check Point, are exploiting unpatched systems running Oracle's WebLogic Server to install cryptocurrency-mining malware. Oracle patched the vulnerability, indexed as CVE-2017-10271, in October.

The iPhone X has set a new benchmark for smartphone prices and bolstered Apple Inc.’s bottom line, but its steep price may be hobbling its future in Asia’s biggest markets and allowing Chinese challengers to grab market share.

In a new patent granted by the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), BlackBerry invented a new camera design. The patent, originally applied for in 2016, outlines a new style of camera, presumably for smartphones, that operates with a second and alternating lens. This particular style of camera modification is called a conversion lens. In order to function as


custody in Pennsylvania state prison pursuant to a state detainer. In his federal habeas petition, Golden primarily challenges the Federal Bureau of Prison's ("BOP") decision to classify Golden as a sex offender and the adverse conditions that Golden alleges ensued from that classification. Because of Golden's release, the Court will recommend dismissing certain of Golden's claims as moot, and otherwise allowing the respondent's motion.[3]

II. Factual Background
The Court sets out only those facts necessary to recommend a disposition on the petition in its current posture. On September 19, 2001, Golden was sentenced following a guilty plea[4] in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania to a 108-month term of imprisonment with five (5) years supervised release. At some point during his term of confinement atpub in Greenwich
I was just at the bar
and who do I meet but Patrick Godfrey. He is a very well known actor
I saw you in Les Miserables recently on TV
You know we did it here.
We filmed Les Mis, I think it was in the Royal Naval College
and they made it look like Paris
Her Cutty Sark o' paisley harn
that while a lassie she had worn
wi' twa pun Scots it was her riches
Whatever graced a dance of witches
The royal connection with Greenwich started in the 15th century when
King Henry V....his brother, the Duke of Gloucester inherited some Land around here and he built
what was regarded as the finest house in England
and it was King Henry Vii who turned it into an actual palace
King Henry VIII was born here, so was


Queen Elizabeth I
Henry Viii also married Anne of Cleves here
She was the 4th wife.
The ugly German one, so he said
or am I thinking of my wives
King James I had this house built for his wife Queen Anne of Denmark
and it's now a part of the National Maritime museum
but it fell into disrepair during the civil war
and then Queen Mary insisted that this be part of a hospital for seamen
No sniggering in the back row please
when I said seamen
but she insisted that the view of the Queen's House not be obscured
so they got Christopher Wren to design these two rather unique wings of the  Royal Naval Hospital
So this is where, in 1805 on Christmas Eve
They brought the body of Admiral Lord Nelson after he was killed at thebattle of Trafalgar
He arrived here pickled in rum
and they say that some of the sailors used to
drink some of the rum that he was pickled it
and that's where we get the expression "Tapping the Admiral"
You can actually see his blood stained trousers in the maritime museum
These are the actual pants he was wearing
full with perished gusset
reminds me of some of my own underpants actually
This is Greenwich park where Sir Walter Raleigh
famously laid down his cloak over puddle
for Queen Elizabeth to step over it
Oh Sir Walter.....really!
Famously this is where Anne Boleyn dropped her handkerchief as a signal to her lover
and apparently King Henry VIII spotted it and that spelt her doom!
And at the top of the hill
is the first ever observatory in England
This is where Edmund Halley charted the


course of Halley's comet
but unfortunately he died before he could be proven right
it's a pity that they're renovating that building because that ball on top was installed in 1833 and
every day since they've raised it at 5 minutes to 1pm
and then lowered it at 1pm so that the ships on the river could set their clocks by it
One yard, two feet, one foot
six inches
Give them an inch and they'll take a foot
and the next thing you know you haven't got a leg to stand on
This is where east meets west
where time begins
I am now half in the western hemisphere and half in the eastern hemisphere
in 1884 there was a conference in Washington where they decided where
to set the prime meridian
and they came to the conclusion that Greenwich thelibrary school):

This is dubious at best, dishonest at worst, but its like cheating at solitaire: few people will even know because few people actually read these RPSs, and fewer people read my blog.

A crusty old Marine Corps Colonel found himself at a gala event downtown, hosted by a local liberal arts college. There was no shortage of extremely young, idealistic ladies in attendance, one of whom approached the colonel for conversation.

She said, "Excuse me, sir, but you seem to be a very serious man. Are you this way all the time, or is something bothering you?"

"No," the colonel said, "I'm just serious by nature."

The young lady looked at his awards and decorations and said, "It looks like you have seen a lot of action."

The colonel's short reply was


cf. Davies, D. 2004, op. cit., 151. He focuses on the ontological question of what makes art art. In this regard, Davies suggests the main constituent elements are structure and context. On the other hand, I aim to determine a few other constituent variables such as the properties, values and ideals that make a piece of art art, and also, potentially, a socially engaging public act. 3 Matynia, E. 2001. "The Lost Treasure of Solidarity." Social Research, 68, 4. Orange Alternative at the Convergence of Play, Performance and Agency 117 gists, anthropologists, art historians, etc. throughout the movement's active years. With roots in Dada and Surrealism, the group's underground campaign ridiculed the social and political condition of the Eastern European situation in the 80s and 90s.4 The groupinitially started painting dwarves on walls that had been freshly painted to cover up anti-government slogans. Waldemar Major Fydrych and Wiesław Cupała painted the first dwarf in 1982, on one of the residential buildings in the Biskupin neighborhood of Wrocław.5 The action soon sparked interest, resulted in more than a thousand dwarf graffiti in Polish cities, eventually led to the arrest of several members, and certainly raised the group to the public forefront.6 Even though Orange Alternative is commonly considered standing to the left of the Solidarity movement, it is recognized by various scholars as a bridge across the state and the public, as well as the Party and the Solidarity group.7 For those who make far-distance observations on Communist Poland, the spectrum of recognition is quite narrow.


deploying street theatre and iconic acts such as banner drops. Orange Alternative became a focal point of conversation across Poland." 8 Misztal, B. 1992, op. cit., 58. 118 Elçin Marasli from rational-critical debate to consumerist behavior.9 Another major contribution by Habermas is his recognition of the term "public." The public is for him different from the state, the marketplace, and the rather private sphere of family. However, this Habermasian distinction between the "public" and the "private" is embedded with a rather "problematic principle of generality," which results in the exclusion of minority groups from entering into the ideally shared space of the public sphere, as Negt and Kluge argue.10 Precisely, this problematic becomes an entry point for future studies on the public sphere and its exclusion of certaingroups ("proletarian public sphere,"11 the "counter-publics,"12 as well as the "subaltern" and "subordinate" groups13). The opening of the public sphere to the street begins with developing a new understanding of the relationship between everyday social production and the individual experiences of each different social group. As soon as these counterpublics can begin to tolerate difference and heterogeneity within their own borders, they will be able to form an operational mechanism that can challenge the existing power structures of exclusion. This is precisely the discursive endeavor, the process of bonding and the alliance formation that the notion of the subordinate counter-publics operates upon. Hence, the notion of counter-publics is a rather modern phenomenon, which offers new forms of solidarity and bonding resulting from a collective experience of being excluded


Elżbieta Matynia-the Orange Alternative movement as a social development in the realm of forbidden action. Matynia interestingly presents a system of varying degrees of social permission: "In terms of the regime's policies vis-a-vis the population, one can distinguish four kinds of citizen engagement or initiative: the preferred and rewarded; the --------- 9 Habermas, J. 1965. The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere: An Inquiry into a Category of Bourgeois Society. The MIT Press, 159. 10 Kluge, A, O. Negt. 1993. Public Sphere and Experience: Toward and Analysis of the Bourgeois and Proletarian Public. Minneapolis–London: University of Minnesota Press. 11 Ibid. 12 Warner, M. 2002. Publics and CounterPublics. Zone Books. 13 Fraser, N. 1990. "Rethinking the Public Sphere: A Contribution to the Critique of Actually Existing Democracy." Social Text,in France. The artistic version of play employed by Orange Alternative members is closest to the notion "dérive" utilized by the Situationist International (SI) and Guy Debord, in particular. "A mode of experimental behavior linked to the conditions of urban society: a technique of rapid passage through varied ambiances. The term also designates a specific uninterrupted period of dériving."15 The SI's definition of the "dérive" deals with the notion of play by associating it with the city space. Referring to urban space as a "site of play with psychogeographical effects," Debord's notion of the dérive is among the pioneering modern-day artistic attempts at directly working with the city as a site for play.16 Henri Lefebvre's approach to art and art's capacity to fulfill the need for play in


social space is worth mentioning here, especially because his view suggests an integration of the notion of play as a right to all inhabitants of the city. By borrowing from "The Production of Space" (1974), we understand that "[social] space is a [social] product [...] the further claim [is] that the space thus produced also serves as a tool of thought and of action; that in addition to being a means of production it is also a means of control, and hence of domination, or power; yet [...] it escapes in part from those who would make use of it."17 Lefebvre formulates the right to the city as a transformed and renewed right to urban life, thus presuming an integrated theory of the city and urban life. Tohistory governments were frequently trying to ban theatre and other acts of performance, because they believed that the performative genre were capable of spreading and encouraging rebellions against the established order. It is so because performance enables an evaluation of the ways in which individuals act and react in the world, for themselves and for others. From Turner's concept of social drama (1957) to Goffman's dramaturgical model of everyday behavior (1959), anthropological approaches to performance reveal how events, rituals and daily life are governed by a code of performance. Likewise, the notion of performativity (including Butler's "gender performativity,") as a study on the discourse used in identity formation, as well as the performative arts in general, are associated with ideologies connected with performativity in everyday social life. Althusser's


forms of political activism and the open structure of their happenings recalled Tadeusz Kantor's revolutionary performances in the 1960s. Thanks to this kind of inclusiveness, the happenings could gather thousands of participants in a very short amount of time. The so-called "open street formula" of the Orange Happenings allowed all individuals to participate, openly. The Orange Gathering organized on 1 June 1988, also known as the Revolution of Dwarfs, attracted over ten thousand people who marched through the city center in Wrocław, wearing orange dwarf hats. Their slogans read: "... there is no freedom without dwarfs."23 Moving along from the happenings, another mode of action that Orange Alternative made popular coincided with the notion of the Bakhtinian carnival. The Mexican Zapatista movement as well as various other contemporaryperformances of the late medieval period and the early Renaissance in Europe.25 However, the notion of carnival is rather "an overall image of the will of the people," distinguishing it from any social or political structure.26 As Bakhtin notes: "Carnival is not a spectacle seen by the people; they live in it and everyone participates because its very idea embraces all the people. While carnival lasts, there is no other life outside it." 27 The image of the Bakhtinian carnivalesque is referred to in numerous fields from stand-up comedy to political demonstrations. There are numerous occasions where Orange Alternative's artistic activism has been argued to display Bakhtin's notion of the "therapeutic force of laughter."28 Through various elements of street theatre and absurd street painting bordering carnivalesque features, Orange


Alternative's actions can be regarded as the pioneers of guerrilla communication and carnival resistance, also commonly practiced in contemporary political protest. CONTEMPORARY REFLECTIONS Orange Alternative's influence on contemporary forms of political protest is undeniable, while their socialist surrealism remains a remarkably artistic form of nonconformist philosophy. With their absurdist yet highly complex social acts, the group's surrealist artistic activism represents a bridge across the Ukrainian Orange Revolution (2004–2005) and the most recent Pastafarian Church of the Flying Spaghetti Monster (FSM). Likewise, it cannot be a mere coincidence that The Yes Men of the United States-creative activists who perform nonviolent resistance by misleading American mainstream media, as well as pulling pranks on major corporations-wrote a foreword to the autobiography by Fydrych, Lives of the Orange Men-A Biographical History ofthe Polish Orange Alternative Movement (2014). Contemporary actions by imaginative, aesthetic and self-organizing activist groups such as The Yes Men, Tactical Frivolity, Laboratory of Insurrectionary Imagination, or even individual forms of protest, such as the Duran Adam (Standing Man) of Gezi Park protests and others can best be understood in the context of facilitating social change by merging the artistic agency of performance with the political agency of performativity, hence delivering a selfdetermined agency to the citizens. --------- 25 Bakhtin, M. 1984 (1965). Rabelais and His World. Iswolsky, H. (Trans.). Bloomington: Indiana University Press. 26 Auslander, Ph. 2008. Theory for Performance Studies. A Student's Guide. Routledge. 27 Bakhtin, M. 1984, op. cit., 7. 28 The Orange Alternative. Last Accessed 14 September 2016; https://monoskop.org/ Orange_Alternative Orange Alternative at the


(10th Cir.2000)) (further quotation omitted).

II. FACTUAL BACKGROUND
In 1817, there were two primary groups of Shawnee Indians, one living in Missouri, and one living in Ohio. Kansas Indians, 5 Wall. 737, 72 U.S. 737, 738, 18 L.Ed. 667 (1866). In 1825, the Missouri Shawnee Tribe entered into a treaty with the United States, ceding its lands near Cape Girardeau, Missouri in exchange for a tract of land in what later became the Territory of Kansas. The tract, approximately twenty-five miles by one hundred miles, comprised over 1.6 million acres and included all of the SFAAP lands. In 1831, the Ohio Shawnees signed a treaty with the United States whereby it gave up its land in Ohio, and in consideration received 100,000 acres of the 1.6 million acre reservation inKansas. Article X of the 1831 Treaty created the following express obligations of the United States pertaining to the Shawnee reservation:
The lands granted by this agreement and convention to the said band or tribe of Shawnee, shall not be sold or ceded by them, except to the United States, and the United States guarantee that the said lands shall never be within the bounds of any state or territory, nor subject to the laws thereof: And further, that the President of the United States will cause said tribe to be protected at their intended residence, against all interruptions or disturbances from any other tribe or nations of Indians, or from any other person or persons whatever....
On March 3, 1853, Congress authorized the United States President to negotiate with


Indian tribes west of Missouri and Iowa "for the purpose of `securing the assent of said tribes to the settlement of the citizens of the United States upon the lands claimed by said Indians, and for the purpose of extinguishing the title of said Indians, in whole or in part, to said lands....'" Absentee Shawnee Tribe v. United States, Dkt. 334, Ind. Cl. Comm., at 377, 379 (1958) (quoting Act of Congress of March 3, 1853, 10 Stat. 226, 238). Pursuant to the 1853 Act, the President designated the Commissioner of Indian Affairs, George W. Manypenny, to negotiate with the Indians. Id. Commissioner Manypenny did not reach an agreement with the Shawnee Tribe at that time because the "tribes willing to cede their lands desired to retain portions1869. Many of the Shawnees, including members of the Tribe who had received allotments of land within the SFAAP, transferred title to their land with the express approval of the Secretary of the Interior.
By 1941, the United States Army had acquired the SFAAP and began operating an ammunition plant on the land. During the 1990s, the Army determined that it no longer needed the SFAAP, and requested that the General Services Administration ("GSA") dispose of the property.
On January 7, 1998, the GSA prepared a Notice of Availability for Excess Real Property. On February 10, 1998, the GSA submitted the Federal Screening Notice to the Bureau of Indian Affairs ("BIA"). The GSA asked the BIA to respond by March 13, 1998 if the SFAAP was eligible to be transferred


to the BIA in trust for Indians. After the BIA did not request a transfer of the SFAAP property, the GSA proceeded with the property disposal process.
On December 27, 2000, Congress restored the Shawnee Tribe's "current and historical responsibilities, jurisdiction, and sovereignty" over its people and properties. 25 U.S.C. § 1041 (2001). Congress recognized that the Shawnees had "continued to maintain the Shawnee Tribe's separate culture, language, religion, and organization, and a separate membership roll," but did not conclude that the Shawnee Tribe had maintained a separate government.
The Shawnee Tribe submitted a request on July 3, 2001, to the Secretary of the Interior, requesting that the SFAAP be transferred to the Department of the Interior ("DOI") in trust for the Tribe's benefit. On October 30, 2001, January 18,*1189 west of the State of Missouri, which was designated and set apart for the Shawnees in fulfilment of, and pursuant to, the second and third articles of a convention made between William Clark, superintendent of Indian affairs, and the chiefs and head-men of the Shawnee Nation of Indians, at St. Louis, on the seventh day of November, one thousand eight hundred and twenty-five....
Article 2. The United States hereby cede to the Shawnee Indians two hundred thousand acres of land, to be selected between the Missouri State line, and a line parallel thereto, and west of the same, thirty miles distant; which parallel line shall be drawn from the Kansas River, to the southern boundary-line of the country herein ceded....
Article 3. In consideration of the cession and sale


The final version of the 1854 Treaty also uses the term "reserve" to describe land retained by the United States  Article 16 states, "The United States reserve, at the site of the agency-house in the Shawnee country, including the improvements, one hundred and sixty acres of land."
This court follows the rationale of the Tenth Circuit in Absentee Shawnee Tribe. The fact that Congress required amendment of the treaty to delete the portion that "reserved" 200,000 acres to the Shawnees before ratifying the treaty indicates *1191 that Congress intended to terminate the reservation before conveying land back to the Tribe. Moreover, because the term "reserved" is used in reference to land belonging to the Tribe as well as land belonging to the United States, it is unlikely thatall unallotted land served to merely diminish the boundaries of the reservation, but not terminate the reservation); United States v. Webb, 219 F.3d 1127, 1133 (9th Cir.2000) (holding that absent evidence that the tribe and Congress contemplated and intended reservation status to end or unequivocal language of termination, the Supreme Court has never held that allotted lands were severed from a reservation by an agreement for the cession and sale of surplus lands).
The court is not basing its decision solely on the similarity of the language in the 1854 Treaty and the DeCoteau treaty. As previously noted, the court finds the structure of the 1854 Treaty, as amended before ratification by Congress, highly probative of Congress's intent. Comparison of the language in the 1854 and DeCoteau treaties supports


the court's decision, but is not its lone impetus.
In sum, the court is not persuaded by the Tribe's arguments. The plain language *1192 and structure of the 1854 Treaty indicate an intent to transfer all of the Shawnee reservation to the United States, effectively terminating the reservation. The United States then gave members of the Tribe the opportunity to choose allotments from 200,000 acres of the former reservation. Such conveyance was ineffective to reestablish a reservation previously terminated.

b. Surrounding Circumstances and Legislative History
The surrounding circumstances and legislative history also support a determination that Congress intended to terminate the Shawnee reservation when it ratified the 1854 Treaty. The court will examine these two factors together, as they are intertwined in this case.
In DeCoteau, the Supreme Court held that "`theall demands and stipulations arising under former treaties, with the exception of perpetual annuities...." By the plain language of the 1854 Treaty, the Shawnees released the United States of its prior commitment to exclude the Shawnees' lands from becoming part of a State.
The Supreme Court considered a similar situation in DeCoteau. The Court observed that the Sioux had entered into a prior treaty that "granted the tribe a permanent reservation in the Lake Traverse area, and provided for tribal self-government under the supervision of federal agents." 420 U.S. at 431, 95 S.Ct. 1082. Despite this promise, the Court concluded that there was no reservation with respect to any of the Sioux land. Again, DeCoteau supports this court's decision in the instant case.
In sum, the court concludes that the


no part of the territory of Kansas until said tribe shall signify their assent to the president of the United States to be included within the said territory of Kansas....
Organic Act, An Act to Organize the Territory of Kansas, 10 Stat. 283 (May 30, 1854), as quoted in K.S.A. Constitutions vol. at 1 (1988). Section 1 of the 1861 Act for Admission contains similar language:
That nothing contained in the said constitution respecting the boundary of said state shall be construed to impair the rights of person or property now pertaining to the Indians of said territory, so long as such rights shall remain unextinguished by treaty between the United States and such Indians, or to include any territory which, by treaty with such Indian tribe, is not, withoutthe consent of such tribe, to be included within the territorial limits or jurisdiction of any state or territory; but all such territory shall be excepted out of the boundaries, and constitute no part of the state of Kansas until said tribe shall signify their assent to the president of the United States to be included within the state....
An Act for the Admission of Kansas into the Union, 12 Stat. 126 (Jan. 29, 1861), as quoted in K.S.A. Constitutions vol. at 9 (1988).
The Tribe also points to the language that Congress used in enacting the Shawnee Tribe Status Act of 2000: "[I]t is in the best interests of the Shawnee Tribe and the Cherokee Nation that the Shawnee Tribe be restored to its position as a separate federally


recognized Indian tribe and all current and historical responsibilities, jurisdiction, and sovereignty as it relates to the Shawnee Tribe, the Cherokee-Shawnee people, and their properties everywhere...." 25 U.S.C. § 1041.
The above-quoted references to Indian territory and Shawnee properties are vague and insufficient to establish that the Shawnee reservation remained intact after the Treaty of 1854. Both Kansas statutes provide that the Indian rights will be recognized only "so long as such rights shall remain unextinguished by treaty between the United States and such Indians." 12 Stat. 126; 10 Stat. 283. They further provide that the State or Territory of Kansas would not "include any territory which, by treaty with such Indian tribe, is not, without the consent of said tribe, to be included within the territorial limits orPorta Genova

Porta Genova is a neighborhood ("quartiere") of Milan, Italy, located within the Zone 6 administrative division. The name "Porta Genova" means "Genoa gate"; the district is named after a city gate of the old Spanish Walls of Milan, namely that leading to Genoa, that used to be in what is now Piazza Cantore. The only remnants of the old gate are the small buildings that used to house the customs offices, which replaced the Spanish gate in the 19th Century.

As for all Milanese quartieri, the boundaries of Porta Genova are not formally defined; yet, they are usually thought of as comprising Via Solari, Via Bergognone, the Naviglio Grande canal and the Darsena. The district is centered in Piazza Cantore, where the city gate used to be, and


"We have done more than our fair share to make the (National Flood Insurance Program) financially sound," Scott wrote to the state's two U.S. senators Tuesday. "In addition, Florida's superior coastal building code standards and leading efforts in the area of hurricane loss mitigation have further reduced exposure for the NFIP. Florida's rates should commensurately reflect these important risk-mitigating factors."

The Senate Banking Committee was scheduled to hold a hearing on the act Wednesday. The 2012 act calls on the Federal Emergency Management Agency and other agencies to make a number of changes to the way the NFIP is run, including raising rates to reflect true flood risk and to make the program more financially stable. For some homeowners, many in older properties located in flood zones that haveA lot has been written and said critical of millennials. The business press has been tough on their spending habits. As a recent Federal Reserve Board study of millennial economic well-being explained:

In the fields of business and economics, the unique tastes and preferences of millennials have been cited as reasons why new-car sales were lackluster during the early years of the recovery from the 2007–09 recession, why many brick-and-mortar retail chains have run into financial trouble (through lower brand loyalty and goods spending), why the recoveries in home sales and construction have remained slow, and why the indebtedness of the working-age population has increased.

Politicians, even some Democratic Party leaders, have tended to write them off as complainers. For example, while on a book tour, former Vice President Joe


in revitalizing the labor movement.

Economic hard times for millennials

The Federal Reserve Board study leaves no doubt that millennials are less well off than members of earlier generations when they were equally young. They have lower earnings, fewer assets, and less wealth. All despite being better educated.

The study compares the financial standing of three different cohorts: millennials (those born between 1981 and 1997), Generation Xers (those born between 1965 and 1980), and baby boomers (those born between 1946 and 1964). Table 1, below, shows inflation adjusted income in three different time periods for all households with a full-time worker and for all households headed by a worker younger than 33 years.

The median figures, which best represent the earnings of the typical member of the group, are shown in brackets.On 1 April 1940, Maathai was born in the village of Ihithe, Nyeri District, in the central highlands of the colony of Kenya. Her family was Kikuyu, the most populous ethnic group in Kenya, and had lived in the area for several generations.[2] Around 1943, Maathai's family relocated to a White-owned farm in the Rift Valley, near the town of Nakuru, where her father had found work.[3] Late in 1947, she returned to Ihithe with her mother, as two of her brothers were attending primary school in the village, and there was no schooling available on the farm where her father worked. Her father remained at the farm.[4] Shortly afterward, at the age of eight, she joined her brothers at Ihithe Primary School.

At age eleven, Maathai moved to


St. Cecilia's Intermediate Primary School, a boarding school at the Mathari Catholic Mission in Nyeri.[5] Maathai studied at St. Cecilia's for four years. During this time, she became fluent in English and converted to Catholicism. She was involved with the Legion of Mary, whose members attempted "to serve God by serving fellow human beings."[6] Studying at St. Cecilia's, she was sheltered from the ongoing Mau Mau uprising, which forced her mother to move from their homestead to an emergency village in Ihithe.[7] When she completed her studies there in 1956, she was rated first in her class, and was granted admission to the only Catholic high school for girls in Kenya, Loreto High School in Limuru.[8]

Nothing is more beautiful than cultivating the land at dusk. At that timeof day in the central highlands the air and the soil are cool, the sun is going down, the sunlight is golden against the ridges and the green of trees, and there is usually a breeze. As you remove the weeds and press the earth around the crops you feel content, and wish the light would last longer so you could cultivate more. Earth and water, air and waning fire of the sun combine to form the essential elements of life and reveal to me my kinship with the soil. When I was a child I sometimes became so absorbed working in the fields with my machete that I didn't notice the end of the day until it got so dark that I could no longer differentiate between


the weeds and crops. At that point I knew it was time to go home, on the narrow paths that criss crossed the fields and rivers and woodlots.

Upon returning to Kenya, Maathai dropped her forename, preferring to be known by her birth name, Wangarĩ Muta.[15] When she arrived at the university to start her new job, she was informed that it had been given to someone else. Maathai believed this was because of gender and tribal bias.[16] After a two-month job search, Professor Reinhold Hofmann, from the University of Giessen in Germany, offered her a job as a research assistant in the microanatomy section of the newly established Department of Veterinary Anatomy in the School of Veterinary Medicine at University College of Nairobi.[17] In April 1966, she metMwangi Mathai, another Kenyan who had studied in America, who would later become her husband.[18] She also rented a small shop in the city, and established a general store, at which her sisters worked. In 1967, at the urging of Professor Hofmann, she traveled to the University of Giessen in Germany in pursuit of a doctorate. She studied both at Giessen and the University of Munich.

In the spring of 1969, she returned to Nairobi to continue studies at the University College of Nairobi as an assistant lecturer. In May, she and Mwangi Maathai married.[19] Later that year, she became pregnant with her first child, and her husband campaigned for a seat in Parliament, narrowly losing. During the course of the election, Tom Mboya, who had been instrumental in


founding the program which sent her overseas, was assassinated. This led to President Kenyatta effectually ending multi-party democracy in Kenya. Shortly after, her first son, Waweru, was born.[20] In 1971, she became the first Eastern African woman to receive a PhD, her doctorate in veterinary anatomy,[13] from the University College of Nairobi, which became the University of Nairobi the following year. She completed her dissertation on the development and differentiation of gonads in bovines.[21] Her daughter, Wanjira, was born in December 1971.

Maathai continued to teach at Nairobi, becoming a senior lecturer in anatomy in 1975, chair of the Department of Veterinary Anatomy in 1976 and associate professor in 1977. She was the first woman in Nairobi appointed to any of these positions.[22] During this time, she campaigned forequal benefits for the women working on the staff of the university, going so far as trying to turn the academic staff association of the university into a union, in order to negotiate for benefits. The courts denied this bid, but many of her demands for equal benefits were later met.[23] In addition to her work at the University of Nairobi, Maathai became involved in a number of civic organizations in the early 1970s. She was a member of the Nairobi branch of the Kenya Red Cross Society, becoming its director in 1973. She was a member of the Kenya Association of University Women. Following the establishment of the Environment Liaison Centre in 1974, Maathai was asked to be a member of the local board, eventually becoming board


chair. The Environment Liaison Centre worked to promote the participation of non-governmental organizations in the work of the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), whose headquarters was established in Nairobi following the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment held in Stockholm in 1972. Maathai also joined the National Council of Women of Kenya (NCWK).[24] Through her work at these various volunteer associations, it became evident to Maathai that the root of most of Kenya's problems was environmental degradation.[25]

We hoped that these elections would provide the people of Kenya with a fairer and truer representation of their aspirations and beliefs. To our dismay and despair, however, the elections were the most disturbing and distorted in Kenya's history. The government introduced a highly controversial system of "queue" voting. Voters linedup behind their candidate and election officials counted each line and then told the people to go home. When election officials announced the winner, it was often the candidate with the shortest line of voters behind him! Since the voters were at home, there was nothing that could be done: The winner had been declared. The vote- rigging was so blatant that people who had lost their races were declared the winners in broad daylight with no embarrassment whatsoever on the part of the government…
I knew that we could not live with a political system that killed creativity, nurtured corruption, and produced people who were afraid of their own leaders. It would be only a matter of time before the government and I came in to further conflict…

Wangarĩ


Muta Maathai – Unbowed, pp. 182–183.

In 1974, Maathai's family expanded to include her third child, son Muta. Her husband campaigned again for a seat in Parliament, hoping to represent the Lang'ata constituency, and won. During his campaign, he had promised to find jobs to limit the rising unemployment in Kenya. These promises led Maathai to connect her ideas of environmental restoration to providing jobs for the unemployed and led to the founding of Envirocare Ltd., a business that involved the planting of trees to conserve the environment, involving ordinary people in the process. This led to the planting of her first tree nursery, collocated with a government tree nursery in Karura Forest. Envirocare ran into multiple problems, primarily dealing with funding. The project failed. However, through conversations concerningEnvirocare and her work at the Environment Liaison Centre, UNEP made it possible to send Maathai to the first UN conference on human settlements, known as Habitat I, in June 1976.[26]

In 1977, Maathai spoke to the NCWK concerning her attendance at Habitat I. She proposed further tree planting, which the council supported. On 5 June 1977, marking World Environment Day, the NCWK marched in a procession from Kenyatta International Conference Centre in downtown Nairobi to Kamukunji Park on the outskirts of the city where they planted seven trees in honor of historical community leaders. This was the first "Green Belt" which was first known as the "Save the Land Harambee" and then became the Green Belt Movement.[27] Maathai encouraged the women of Kenya to plant tree nurseries throughout


the country, searching nearby forests for seeds to grow trees native to the area. She agreed to pay the women a small stipend for each seedling which was later planted elsewhere.[28]

In her 2010 book, Replenishing the Earth: Spiritual Values for Healing Ourselves and the World, she discussed the impact of the Green Belt Movement, explaining that the group's civic and environmental seminars stressed "the importance of communities taking responsibility for their actions and mobilizing to address their local needs," and adding, "We all need to work hard to make a difference in our neighborhoods, regions, and countries, and in the world as a whole. That means making sure we work hard, collaborate with each other, and make ourselves better agents to change." [29]

Maathai and her husband, Mwangi Mathai,separated in 1977. After a lengthy separation, Mwangi filed for divorce in 1979. Mwangi was said to have believed Wangari was "too strong-minded for a woman" and that he was "unable to control her". In addition to naming her as "cruel" in court filings, he publicly accused her of adultery with another Member of Parliament,[30] which in turn was thought to cause his high blood pressure and the judge ruled in Mwangi's favor. Shortly after the trial, in an interview with Viva magazine, Maathai referred to the judge as either incompetent or corrupt.[30] The interview later led the judge to charge Maathai with contempt of court. She was found guilty and sentenced to six months in jail. After three days in Lang'ata Women's Prison in Nairobi, her lawyer


formulated a statement which the court found sufficient for her release. Shortly after the divorce, her former husband sent a letter via his lawyer demanding that Maathai drop his surname. She chose to add an extra "a" instead of changing her name.[31][32]

The divorce had been costly, and with lawyers' fees and the loss of her husband's income, Maathai found it difficult to provide for herself and her children on her university wages. An opportunity arose to work for the Economic Commission for Africa through the United Nations Development Programme. As this job required extended travel throughout Africa and was based primarily in Lusaka, Zambia, she was unable to bring her children with her. Maathai chose to send them to her ex-husband and take the job. While she visitedthem regularly, they lived with their father until 1985.[33]

In 1979, shortly after the divorce, Maathai ran for the position of chairperson of the National Council of Women of Kenya (NCWK), an umbrella organization consisting of many women's organizations in the country. The newly elected President of Kenya, Daniel arap Moi, tried to limit the amount of influence those of the Kikuyu ethnicity held in the country, including in volunteer civic organizations such as the NCWK. She lost this election by three votes, but was overwhelmingly chosen to be the vice-chairman of the organization. The following year, Maathai again ran for chairman of the NCWK. Again she was opposed, she believes, by the government. When it became apparent that Maathai was going to win the election, Maendeleo Ya Wanawake,


a member organization which represented a majority of Kenya's rural women and whose leader was close to Arap Moi, withdrew from the NCWK. Maathai was then elected chairman of the NCWK unopposed. However, Maendeleo Ya Wanawake came to receive a majority of the financial support for women's programs in the country, and NCWK was left virtually bankrupt. Future funding was much more difficult to come by, but the NCWK survived by increasing its focus on the environment and making its presence and work known. Maathai continued to be reelected to serve as chairman of the organization every year until she retired from the position in 1987.[34]

It soon became obvious that politics was at play again. The ruling party didn't want me in Parliament and had figured out awould have arrived in Nyeri too late. My case, like many others, demonstrated a miscarriage of justice that was frequent at that time in Kenya and that led me, later, to be involved in the pro-democracy movement. Once again, I had lost in court. I would not be able to run.

Wangarĩ Muta Maathai – Unbowed, pp. 161.

In 1982, the Parliamentary seat representing her home region of Nyeri was open, and Maathai decided to campaign for the seat. As required by law, she resigned her position with the University of Nairobi to campaign for office. The courts decided that she was ineligible to run for office because she had not re-registered to vote in the last presidential election in 1979. Maathai believed this to be false and illegal, and


brought the matter to court. The court was to meet at nine in the morning, and if she received a favorable ruling, was required to present her candidacy papers in Nyeri by three in the afternoon that day. The judge disqualified her from running on a technicality.[clarification needed] When she requested her job back, she was denied. As she lived in university housing and was no longer a staff member, she was evicted.[35]

Maathai moved into a small home she had purchased years before, and focused on the NCWK while she searched for employment. In the course of her work through the NCWK, she was approached by Wilhelm Elsrud, executive director of the Norwegian Forestry Society. He wished to partner with the Green Belt Movement and offered her theposition of coordinator. Employed again, Maathai poured her efforts into the Green Belt Movement. Along with the partnership for the Norwegian Forestry Society, the movement had also received "seed money" from the United Nations Voluntary Fund for Women. These funds allowed for the expansion of the movement, for hiring additional employees to oversee the operations, and for continuing to pay a small stipend to the women who planted seedlings throughout the country. It allowed her to refine the operations of the movement, paying a small stipend to the women's husbands and sons who were literate and able to keep accurate records of seedlings planted.[36]

Although I was a highly educated woman, it did not seem odd to me to work with my hands, often with my knees on the


– Unbowed, pp. 137–138.

The UN held the third global women's conference in Nairobi. During the conference, Maathai arranged seminars and presentations to describe the work the Green Belt Movement was doing in Kenya. She escorted delegates to see nurseries and plant trees. She met Peggy Snyder, the head of UNIFEM, and Helvi Sipilä, the first woman appointed a UN assistant secretary general. The conference helped to expand funding for the Green Belt Movement and led to the movement's establishing itself outside Kenya. In 1986, with funding from UNEP, the movement expanded throughout Africa and led to the foundation of the Pan-African Green Belt Network. Forty-five representatives from fifteen African countries travelled to Kenya over the next three years to learn how to set up similar programs in theirown countries to combat desertification, deforestation, water crises, and rural hunger. The attention the movement received in the media led to Maathai's being honored with numerous awards. The government of Kenya, however, demanded that the Green Belt Movement separate from the NCWK, believing the latter should focus solely on women's issues, not the environment. Therefore, in 1987, Maathai stepped down as chairman of the NCWK and focused on the newly separate non-governmental organization.[37]

In the latter half of the 1980s, the Kenyan government came down against Maathai and the Green Belt Movement. The single-party regime opposed many of the movement's positions regarding democratic rights. The government invoked a colonial-era law prohibiting groups of more than nine people from meeting without a government license. In 1988, the Green Belt Movement


carried out pro-democracy activities such as registering voters for the election and pressing for constitutional reform and freedom of expression. The government carried out electoral fraud in the elections to maintain power, according to Maathai.[38]

In October 1989, Maathai learned of a plan to construct the 60-story Kenya Times Media Trust Complex in Uhuru Park. The complex was intended to house the headquarters of KANU, the Kenya Times newspaper, a trading center, offices, an auditorium, galleries, shopping malls, and parking space for 2,000 cars. The plan also included a large statue of President Daniel Arap Moi. Maathai wrote many letters in protest to, among others, the Kenya Times, the Office of the President, the Nairobi city commission, the provincial commissioner, the minister for environment and natural resources, the executivedirectors of UNEP and the Environment Liaison Centre International, the executive director of the UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), the ministry of public works, and the permanent secretary in the department of international security and administration all received letters. She wrote to Sir John Johnson, the British high commissioner in Nairobi, urging him to intervene with Robert Maxwell, a major shareholder in the project, equating the construction of a tower in Uhuru Park to such construction in Hyde Park or Central Park and maintaining that it could not be tolerated.[39]

When I see Uhuru Park and contemplate its meaning, I feel compelled to fight for it so that my grandchildren may share that dream and that joy of freedom as they one day walk there.

Wangarĩ Muta Maathai


– Unbowed, p. 192.

The government refused to respond to her inquiries and protests, instead responding through the media that Maathai was "a crazy woman"; that denying the project in Uhuru Park would take more than a small portion of public park land; and proclaiming the project as a "fine and magnificent work of architecture" opposed by only the "ignorant few." On 8 November 1989, Parliament expressed outrage at Maathai's actions, complaining of her letters to foreign organizations and calling the Green Belt Movement a bogus organization and its members "a bunch of divorcees". They suggested that if Maathai was so comfortable writing to Europeans, perhaps she should go live in Europe.[40]

Despite Maathai's protests, as well as popular protest growing throughout the city, the ground was broken at UhuruPark for construction of the complex on 15 November 1989. Maathai sought an injunction in the Kenya High Court to halt construction, but the case was thrown out on 11 December. In his first public comments pertaining to the project, President Daniel Arap Moi stated that those who opposed the project had "insects in their heads". On 12 December, in Uhuru Park, during a speech celebrating independence from the British, President Moi suggested Maathai be a proper woman in the African tradition and respect men and be quiet.[41] She was forced by the government to vacate her office, and the Green Belt Movement was moved into her home. The government then audited the Green Belt Movement in an apparent attempt to shut it down. Despite all this, her


protests, the government's response – and the media coverage it garnered – led foreign investors to cancel the project in January 1990.[42][43]

In January 1992, it came to the attention of Maathai and other pro-democracy activists that a list of people were targeted for assassination and that a government-sponsored coup was possible. Maathai's name was on the list. The pro-democracy group, known as the Forum for the Restoration of Democracy (FORD), presented its information to the media, calling for a general election. Later that day, Maathai received a warning that one of their members had been arrested. Maathai decided to barricade herself in her home. Shortly thereafter, police arrived and surrounded the house. She was besieged for three days before police cut through the bars she had installed onher windows, came in, and arrested her. She and the other pro-democracy activists who had been arrested were charged with spreading malicious rumors, sedition, and treason. After a day and a half in jail, they were brought to a hearing and released on bail. A variety of international organizations and eight senators (including Al Gore and Edward M. Kennedy) put pressure on the Kenyan government to substantiate the charges against the pro-democracy activists or risk damaging relations with the United States. In November 1992, the Kenyan government dropped the charges.[44]

On 28 February 1992, while released on bail, Maathai and others took part in a hunger strike in a corner of Uhuru Park, which they labeled Freedom Corner, to pressure the government to release political prisoners. After four days


of hunger strike, on 3 March 1992, the police forcibly removed the protesters. Maathai and three others were knocked unconscious by police and hospitalized.[45]PresidentDaniel arap Moi called her "a mad woman" and "a threat to the order and security of the country".[46] The attack drew international criticism. The US State Department said it was "deeply concerned" by the violence and by the forcible removal of the hunger strikers.[47] When the prisoners were not released, the protesters – mostly mothers of those in prison – moved their protest to All Saints Cathedral, the seat of the Anglican Archbishop in Kenya, across from Uhuru Park. The protest there continued, with Maathai contributing frequently, until early 1993, when the prisoners were finally released.[48]

During this time, Maathai was recognized with various awardsinternationally, but the Kenyan government did not appreciate her work. In 1991 she received the Goldman Environmental Prize in San Francisco and the Hunger Project's Africa Prize for Leadership in London. CNN aired a three-minute segment about the Goldman prize, but when it aired in Kenya, that segment was cut out. In June 1992, during the long protest at Uhuru Park, both Maathai and President arap Moi travelled to Rio de Janeiro for the UN Conference on Environment and Development (Earth Summit). The Kenyan government accused Maathai of inciting women and encouraging them to strip at Freedom Corner, urging that she not be allowed to speak at the summit. Despite this, Maathai was chosen to be a chief spokesperson at the summit.[49]

During the first multi-party election of Kenya,


in 1992, Maathai strove to unite the opposition and for fair elections in Kenya. The Forum for the Restoration of Democracy (FORD) had fractured into FORD-Kenya (led by Oginga Odinga) and FORD-Asili (led by Kenneth Matiba); former vice presidentMwai Kibaki had left the ruling Kenya African National Union (KANU) party, and formed the Democratic Party. Maathai and many others believed such a fractured opposition would lead to KANU's retaining control of the country, so they formed the Middle Ground Group in an effort to unite the opposition. Maathai was chosen to serve as its chairperson. Also during the election, Maathai and like-minded opposition members formed the Movement for Free and Fair Elections. Despite their efforts, the opposition did not unite, and the ruling KANU party used intimidation andstate-held media to win the election, retaining control of parliament.[50]

It is often difficult to describe to those who live in a free society what life is like in an authoritarian regime. You don't know who to trust. You worry that you, your family, or your friends will be arrested and jailed without due process. The fear of political violence or death, whether through direct assassinations or targeted "accidents", is constant. Such was the case in Kenya, especially during the 1990s.

Wangarĩ Muta Maathai – Unbowed, p. 206.

The following year, ethnic clashes occurred throughout Kenya. Maathai believed they were incited by the government, who had warned of stark consequences to multi-party democracy. Maathai travelled with friends and the press to areas of violence in order to encourage them to cease


fighting. With the Green Belt Movement she planted "trees of peace", but before long her actions were opposed by the government. The conflict areas were labeled as "no go zones", and in February 1993 the president claimed that Maathai had masterminded a distribution of leaflets inciting Kikuyus to attack Kalenjins. After her friend and supporter Dr. Makanga was kidnapped, Maathai chose to go into hiding. While in hiding, Maathai was invited to a meeting in Tokyo of the Green Cross International, an environmental organization recently founded by former Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev. When Maathai responded that she could not attend as she did not believe the government would allow her to leave the country and she was in hiding, Gorbachev pressured the government of Kenya to allow herto travel freely. President arap Moi denied limiting her travel, and she was allowed to leave the country, although too late for the meeting in Tokyo. Maathai was again recognized internationally, and she flew to Scotland to receive the Edinburgh Medal in April 1993. In May she went to Chicago to receive the Jane Addams International Women's Leadership Award, and in June she attended the UN's World Conference on Human Rights in Vienna.[51]

During the elections of 1997, Maathai again wished to unite the opposition in order to defeat the ruling party. In November, less than two months before the election, she decided to run for parliament and for president as a candidate of the Liberal Party. Her intentions were widely questioned in the press; many believed she should


simply stick to running the Green Belt Movement and stay out of politics. On the day of the election, a rumour that Maathai had withdrawn from the election and endorsed another candidate was printed in the media. Maathai garnered few votes and lost the election.[52]

In the summer of 1998, Maathai learned of a government plan to privatize large areas of public land in the Karura Forest, just outside Nairobi, and give it to political supporters. Maathai protested this through letters to the government and the press. She went with the Green Belt Movement to Karura Forest, planting trees and protesting the destruction of the forest. On 8 January 1999, a group of protesters including Maathai, six opposition MPs, journalists, international observers, and Green Belt members and supporters returnedto the forest to plant a tree in protest. The entry to the forest was guarded by a large group of men. When she tried to plant a tree in an area that had been designated to be cleared for a golf course, the group was attacked. Many of the protesters were injured, including Maathai, four MPs, some of the journalists, and German environmentalists. When she reported the attack to the police, they refused to return with her to the forest to arrest her attackers. However, the attack had been filmed by Maathai's supporters, and the event provoked international outrage.[42][53] Student protests broke out throughout Nairobi, and some of these groups were violently broken up by the police. Protests continued until 16 August 1999, when the president announced


that he was banning all allocation of public land.[54]

In 2001, the government again planned to take public forest land and give it to its supporters. While protesting this and collecting petition signatures on 7 March 2001, in Wang'uru village near Mount Kenya, Maathai was again arrested. The following day, following international and popular protest at her arrest, she was released without being charged. On 7 July 2001, shortly after planting trees at Freedom Corner in Uhuru Park in Nairobi to commemorate Saba Saba Day, Maathai was again arrested. Later that evening, she was again released without being charged.[55] In January 2002, Maathai returned to teaching as the Dorothy McCluskey Visiting Fellow for Conservation at the Yale University's School of Forestry and Environmental Studies. She remained there until June2002, teaching a course on sustainable development focused on the work of the Green Belt Movement.[56]

Wangarĩ Maathai was awarded the 2004 Nobel Peace Prize for her "contribution to sustainable development, democracy and peace".[59] She had received a call from Ole Danbolt Mjos, chair of the Norwegian Nobel Committee, on 8 October informing her of the news.[60][61] She became the first African woman, and the first environmentalist, to win the prize.

I was not prepared to learn that I had been awarded the Nobel Peace Prize; I wonder whether anybody ever is. The news hit me like a thunderbolt. How was I supposed to handle it? How did this happen? How did they find such a person as me? I could hardly believe it .
It was clear now why the


say nor believe that the virus was developed by white people or white powers in order to destroy the African people. Such views are wicked and destructive.[64]

In August 2006, then United States SenatorBarack Obama traveled to Kenya. His father was educated in America through the same program as Maathai. She and the Senator met and planted a tree together in Uhuru Park in Nairobi. Obama called for freedom of the press to be respected, saying, "Press freedom is like tending a garden; it continually has to be nurtured and cultivated. The citizenry has to value it because it's one of those things that can slip away if we're not vigilant." He deplored global ecological losses, singling out President George W. Bush's refusal to join the United Nations FrameworkConvention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and its subsidiary, the Kyoto Protocol.[67]

Maathai was defeated in the Party of National Unity's primary elections for its parliamentary candidates in November 2007 and chose to instead run as the candidate of a smaller party.[68] She was defeated in the December 2007 parliamentary election. She called for a recount of votes in the presidential election (officially won by Mwai Kibaki, but disputed by the opposition) in her constituency, saying that both sides should feel the outcome was fair and that there were indications of fraud.[69]

In June 2009, Maathai was named as one of PeaceByPeace.com's first peace heroes.[70] Until her death in 2011, Maathai served on the Eminent Advisory Board[71] of the Association of European Parliamentarians with Africa (AWEPA).

Wangarĩ Maathai died on 25 September


2011 of complications arising from ovarian cancer while receiving treatment at a Nairobi hospital.[72]

In 2012, the Collaborative Partnership on Forests CPF, an international consortium of 14 organizations, secretariats and institutions working on international forest issues, launched the inaugural Wangarĩ Maathai Forest Champion Award. The 2012 inaugural winner of the Award was Narayan Kaji Shrestha.[73]

The 2017 award was presented at the 4th Global Landscapes Forum (GLF) in Bonn, Germany, 19–20 December 2017 to Maria Margarida Ribeiro da Silva. Maria Margarida Ribeiro da Silva, a Brazilian forestry activist, was awarded the Wangarĩ Maathai Forest Champion Award for her achievements in promoting community forest management and improving the quality of life for many Amazonian communities. In addition to being awarded the 2017 Wangarĩ Maathai Forest Champion Award, Ribiero da Silva alsomaintained by plot holders and volunteers, and are open to everyone to enjoy and harvest. The Wangarĩ Gardens has no direct affiliation with the Green Belt Movement or the Wangarĩ Maathai Foundation but was inspired by Wangarĩ Maathai and her work and passion for the environment.[79]

On 25 September 2013, the Wangarĩ Maathai Trees and Garden was dedicated on the lawn of the University of Pittsburgh's Cathedral of Learning.[80] The memorial includes two red maples symbolizing Maathai's "commitment to the environment, her founding of the Green Belt Movement, and her roots in Kenya and in Pittsburgh" and a flower garden planted in a circular shape that representing her "global vision and dedication to the women and children of the world" with an ornamental maple tree in the middle signifying


"how one small seed can change the world".[81]

In 2014, at what would have been her 50-year reunion, her Mount St. Scholastica classmates and Benedictine College unveiled a statue of the Nobel laureate at her alma mater's Atchison, Kansas campus.[82]

In October 2016, Forest Road in Nairobi was renamed to Wangarĩ Maathai Road for her efforts to oppose several attempts to degrade forests and public parks through the Green Belt Movement.[83]

1.
Nairobi
–
Nairobi is the capital and largest city of Kenya. It is famous for having the Nairobi National Park, the only game reserve found within a major city. The city and its surrounding area also form Nairobi County, whose current governor is Evans Kidero, the name Nairobi comes from the Maasai phrase Enkare Nairobi, which translates to cool water. The phraseis also the Maasai name of the Nairobi river, however, it is popularly known as the Green City in the Sun, and is surrounded by several expanding villa suburbs. Nairobi was founded in 1899 by the authorities in British East Africa. The town quickly grew to replace Machakos as the capital of Kenya in 1907, after independence in 1963, Nairobi became the capital of the Republic of Kenya. During Kenyas colonial period, the city became a centre for the coffee, tea. The city lies on the River Athi in the part of the country. With a population of 3.36 million in 2011, Nairobi is the second-largest city by population in the African Great Lakes region after Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. According to the 2009 census, in the area


of Nairobi,3,138,295 inhabitants lived within 696 km2. Nairobi is the 14th-largest city in Africa, including the population of its suburbs, the Nairobi Securities Exchange is one of the largest in Africa and the second-oldest exchange on the continent. It is Africas fourth-largest exchange in terms of trading volume, capable of making 10 million trades a day, Nairobi is found within the Greater Nairobi Metropolitan region, which consists of 4 out of 47 counties in Kenya, which generates about 60% of the entire nations wealth. The city was named after a water hole known in Maasai as Enkare Nairobi and it was completely rebuilt in the early 1900s after an outbreak of plague and the burning of the original town. The location of the Nairobi railway camp was dueto its central position between Mombasa and Kampala. It was also chosen because its network of rivers could supply the camp with water, however, malaria was a serious problem, leading to at least one attempt to have the town moved. In 1905, Nairobi replaced Mombasa as capital of the British protectorate, as the British occupiers started to explore the region, they started using Nairobi as their first port of call. This prompted the government to build several spectacular grand hotels in the city. The main occupants were British game hunters, Nairobi continued to grow under the British and many British subjects settled within the citys suburbs

2.
University of Pittsburgh
–
The University of Pittsburgh is a state-related research university located in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. In 1787 after the American Revolutionary War, it


was founded on the edge of the American frontier as the Pittsburgh Academy and it developed and was renamed as Western University of Pennsylvania by a change to its charter in 1819. For most of its history, Pitt was a private institution, the university also includes four undergraduate schools located at campuses within Western Pennsylvania, Bradford, Greensburg, Johnstown, and Titusville. The 132-acre Pittsburgh campus has multiple contributing historic buildings of the Schenley Farms Historic District, most notably its 42-story Gothic revival centerpiece, the university has an annual operating budget of approximately $2 billion, which includes nearly $900 million in research and development expenditures. It is the second-largest non-government employer in the Pittsburgh region behind UPMC, Pitt is ranked among the top public universities in the United States inboth domestic and international rankings, and has been listed as a best value in higher education by several publications. Pitt students have access to arts programs throughout the campus and city. Pitts varsity athletic teams, collectively known as the Pittsburgh Panthers, compete in Division I of the NCAA, primarily as members of the Atlantic Coast Conference. Founded by Hugh Henry Brackenridge as Pittsburgh Academy in 1787, the University of Pittsburgh is one of the few universities and colleges established in the 18th century in the United States. It is the oldest continuously chartered institution of learning in the U. S. west of the Allegheny Mountains, the school began as a preparatory school, presumably in a log cabin, possibly as early as 1770 in Western Pennsylvania, then a frontier.


A brick building was erected in 1790 on the side of Third Street. The small two-story brick building, with a gable facing the alley, within a short period, more advanced education in the area was needed, so in 1819 the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania amended the schools 1787 charter to confer university status. The school took the name the Western University of Pennsylvania, or WUP, by the 1830s, the university faced severe financial pressure to abandon its traditional liberal education in favor of the state legislatures desire for it to provide more vocational training. The decision to remain committed to liberal education nearly killed the university and it was also during this era that the founder of Mellon Bank, Thomas Mellon, graduated and later taught at WUP. The universitysbuildings, along with most of its records and files, were destroyed in the Great Fire of 1845 that wiped out 20 square blocks of Pittsburgh, classes were temporarily held in Trinity Church until a new building was constructed on Duquesne Way. Only four years later, in 1849, this also was destroyed by fire. Due to the nature of these fires, operations were suspended for a few years to allow the university time to regroup. By 1854, WUP had erected a new building on the corner of Ross and Diamond streets, langley was professor of astronomy and physics and remained at WUP until 1891, when he was succeeded by another prominent astronomer, James Keeler. Growing quickly during this period, WUP outgrew its downtown facilities, the university eventually found itself


on a 10-acre site on the North Sides Observatory Hill at the location of its Allegheny Observatory

3.
Nobel Peace Prize
–
Per Alfred Nobels will, the recipient is selected by the Norwegian Nobel Committee, a five-member committee appointed by the Parliament of Norway. Since 1990, the prize is awarded on 10 December in Oslo City Hall each year, the prize was formerly awarded in the Atrium of the University of Oslo Faculty of Law, the Norwegian Nobel Institute, and the Parliament. Due to its nature, the Nobel Peace Prize has, for most of its history. Alfred Nobels will further specified that the prize be awarded by a committee of five chosen by the Norwegian Parliament. Nobel died in 1896 and he did not leave an explanation for choosing peace as aprize category, as he was a trained chemical engineer, the categories for chemistry and physics were obvious choices. The reasoning behind the peace prize is less clear, some Nobel scholars suggest it was Nobels way to compensate for developing destructive forces. His inventions included dynamite and ballistite, both of which were used violently during his lifetime, ballistite was used in war and the Irish Republican Brotherhood, an Irish nationalist organization, carried out dynamite attacks in the 1880s. Nobel was also instrumental in turning Bofors from an iron and steel producer into an armaments company and it is unclear why Nobel wished the Peace Prize to be administered in Norway, which was ruled in union with Sweden at the time of Nobels death. The Norwegian Nobel Committee speculates that


Nobel may have considered Norway better suited to awarding the prize, the Norwegian Parliament appoints the Norwegian Nobel Committee, which selects the Nobel Peace Prize laureate. Each year, the Norwegian Nobel Committee specifically invites qualified people to submit nominations for the Nobel Peace Prize, the statutes of the Nobel Foundation specify categories of individuals who are eligible to make nominations for the Nobel Peace Prize. Nominations by committee members can be submitted up to the date of the first Committee meeting after this deadline. In 2009, a record 205 nominations were received, but the record was again in 2010 with 237 nominations, in 2011. Nominations from 1901 to 1956, however, have released in a database. Nominations are considered by the Nobel Committee at a meeting where a shortlist of candidates for review is created. Advisers usually have some months to complete reports, which are considered by the Committee to select the laureate. The Committee seeks to achieve a decision, but this is not always possible. The Chairman of the Norwegian Nobel Committee presents the Nobel Peace Prize in the presence of the King of Norway on 10 December each year, the Peace Prize is the only Nobel Prize not presented in Stockholm. The Nobel laureate receives a diploma, a medal, and a document confirming the prize amount, as of 2013, the prize was worth 10 million SEK

4.
Indira Gandhi Prize
–
The prize carries a cash award of 2.5 million Indian rupees and a citation. A written work, in order to be eligible for consideration, the panel constituted


by the Indira Gandhi Memorial Trust consists of prominent national and international personalities including previous recipients. The recipients are chosen from a pool of national and international nominees

5.
Natural environment
–
The natural environment encompasses all living and non-living things occurring naturally. The term is most often applied to the Earth or some part of Earth and this environment encompasses the interaction of all living species, climate, weather, and natural resources that affect human survival and economic activity. Even acts which seem less extreme, such as building a mud hut or a system in the desert. Though many animals build things to provide an environment for themselves, they are not human, hence beaver dams. People seldom find absolutely natural environments on Earth, and naturalness usually varies in a continuum, more precisely,may be seen to be the responsibility of all the people, decisions that impact the environment will ideally involve a broad range of stakeholders including industry, indigenous groups, environmental group and community representatives. Gradually, environmental decision-making processes are evolving to reflect this broad base of stakeholders and are becoming more collaborative in many countries, many constitutions acknowledge the fundamental right to environmental protection and many international treaties acknowledge the right to live in a healthy environment. Also, many countries have organizations and agencies devoted to environmental protection, there are international environmental protection organizations, such as the United Nations Environment Programme. Tanzania is recognised as having some of the greatest biodiversity of any African country, almost 40% of the land has been established into a network of protected areas,


including several national parks. In year 1948, Serengeti was officially established as the first national park for wild cats in East Africa, in 1998 Environment Improvement Trust start working for environment & forest protection in India from a small city Sojat. Founder of Environment Improvement Trust is CA Gajendra Kumar Jain working with volunteers, division of the biosphere is the main government body that oversees protection

7.
Women's rights
–
In some countries, these rights are institutionalized or supported by law, local custom, and behavior, whereas in others they are ignored and suppressed. They differ from broader notions of rights through claims of an inherent historical and traditional bias against the exercise of rights by women and girls, in favor of men. Although males seem to have dominated in many cultures, thereare some exceptions, for example, in the Nigerian Aka culture women may hunt, even on their own, and often control distribution of resources. Ancient Egypt had female rulers, such as Cleopatra, Women throughout historical and ancient China were considered inferior and had subordinate legal status based on the Confucian law. In Imperial China, the Three Obediences promoted daughters to obey their fathers, wives to obey their husbands, Women could not inherit businesses or wealth and men had to adopt a son for such financial purposes. Late imperial law also featured seven different types of divorces, the status of women in China was also low largely due to the custom of foot binding. About 45% of Chinese women had bound feet in the 19th century, for the upper classes,


it was almost 100%. In 1912, the Chinese government ordered the cessation of foot-binding, foot-binding involved alteration of the bone structure so that the feet were only about 4 inches long. The bound feet caused difficulty of movement, thus limiting the activities of women. Due to the custom that men and women should not be near each other. This resulted in a tremendous need for doctors of Western Medicine in China. Thus, female medical missionary Dr. Mary H. Fulton was sent by the Foreign Missions Board of the Presbyterian Church to found the first medical college for women in China. Known as the Hackett Medical College for Women, this College was located in Guangzhou, China, the College was aimed at the spreading of Christianity and modern medicine andthe elevation of Chinese womens social status. During the Republic of China and earlier Chinese governments, women were legally bought and these women were known as Mui Tsai. The lives of Mui Tsai were recorded by American feminist Agnes Smedley in her book Portraits of Chinese Women in Revolution. However, in 1949 the Republic of China had been overthrown by communist guerillas led by Mao Zedong, in May 1950 the Peoples Republic of China enacted the New Marriage Law to tackle the sale of women into slavery. This outlawed marriage by proxy and made legal so long as both partners consent. The New Marriage Law raised the age of marriage to 20 for men and 18 for women

8.
Sustainable development
–
The desirable end result is a state of society where


during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. In 1713 Hans Carl von Carlowitz, a mining administrator in the service of Elector Frederick Augustus I of Saxony published Sylvicultura oeconomica. Building upon the ideas of Evelyn and French minister Jean-Baptiste Colbert and his work influenced others, including Alexander von Humboldt and Georg Ludwig Hartig, eventually leading to the development of a science of forestry. Two years later, the United Nations World Charter for Nature raised five principles of conservation by which human conduct affecting nature is to be guided and judged. In 1987 the United Nations World Commission on Environment and Development released the report Our Common Future, the report included what is now one of the most widely recognised definitions of sustainable development. In 1992, the UN Conference oneconomist René Passet in 1979. It has also been worded as economic, environmental and social or ecology, economy and this has been expanded by some authors to include a fourth pillar of culture, institutions or governance. The ecological stability of human settlements is part of the relationship between humans and their natural, social and built environments, also termed human ecology, this broadens the focus of sustainable development to include the domain of human health

9.
Natural resource
–
Natural resources are resources that exist without actions of humankind. This includes all valued characteristics such as magnetic, gravitational, on earth it includes, sunlight, atmosphere, water, land along with all vegetation and animal life that naturally subsists upon or within the heretofore identified characteristics and substances. Particular areas such as the rainforest in Fatu-Hiva


are used they take millions of years to replenish. Resource extraction involves any activity that withdraws resources from nature and this can range in scale from the traditional use of preindustrial societies, to global industry. Extractive industries are, along with agriculture, the basis of the sector of the economy

10.
Mwai Kibaki
–
Mwai Kibaki, C. G. H. is a Kenyan politician who was the third President of Kenya, serving from December 2002 until April 2013. Kibaki was previously Vice-President of Kenya for ten years from 1978 to 1988 under President Daniel arap Moi. He also held ministerial positions in the Kenyatta and Moi governments, including time as minister for Finance under Kenyatta. Kibaki served as an opposition Member of Parliament from 1992 to 2002 and he unsuccessfully stood as a presidentialcandidate in 1992 and 1997. He served as the Leader of the Official Opposition in Parliament from 1998 to 2002, in the 2002 presidential election, he was elected as President of Kenya. Kibaki was born in 1931 in Kikuyu village, Othaya division of Kenyas then Nyeri District and he is the youngest son of Kikuyu peasants Kibaki Gĩthĩnji and Teresia Wanjikũ. Though baptised as Emilio Stanley by Italian missionaries in his youth, Kibaki turned out to be an exemplary student. He attended Gatuyainĩ School for the first two years, where he completed what was then called Sub A and sub B and he later joined Karima mission school for the three more classes of primary school. After Karima Primary and Nyeri Boarding primary schools, he proceeded to Mangu


High School where he studied between 1947 and 1950 and he passed with a maximum of six points in his O level examination by passing six subjects with Grade 1 Distinction. Influenced by the veterans of the First and Second World Wars in his native village, however, a ruling by the Chief colonial secretary, Walter Coutts, which barred the recruitment of the Kikuyu, Embu and Meru communities into the army, put paid to his military aspirations. After his graduation, Kibaki took up an appointment as Assistant Sales Manager Shell Company of East Africa, during the same year, he earned a scholarship entitling him to postgraduate studies in any British University. He consequently enrolled at the prestigious London School of Economics for a B. Sc. in public finance andhe went back to Makerere in 1958 where he taught as an Assistant Lecturer in the economics department until 1961. In 1961, Kibaki married Lucy Muthoni, the daughter of a church minister, Kibaki then helped to draft Kenyas independence constitution. In 1963, Kibaki was elected as Member of Parliament for Doonholm Constituency in Nairobi and his election was the start of a long political career. In 1963 Kibaki was appointed the Permanent Secretary for the Treasury, appointed Assistant Minister of Finance and chairman of the Economic Planning Commission in 1963, he was promoted to Minister of Commerce and Industry in 1966. In 1969, he became Minister of Finance and Economic Planning where he served until 1982, in 1974, Kibaki, facing serious competition for his Doonholm Constituency seat from


a Mrs. The same year Time magazine rated him among the top 100 people in the world who had the potential to lead and he has been re-elected Member of Parliament for Othaya in the subsequent elections of 1979,1983,1988,1992,1997,2002 and 2007. When Kibaki was the minister of Finance Kenya enjoyed a period of prosperity, fuelled by a commodities boom, especially coffee, with remarkable fiscal discipline

11.
Boarding school
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A boarding school is a school at which most or all of the students live during the part of the year that they go to lessons. The word boarding is used in the sense of bed and board, i. e. lodging, some boarding schools also have day students who attend the institution by day and return to their families in the evenings. Manyindependent schools are boarding schools, Boarding school pupils normally return home during the school holidays and often weekends, but in some cultures may spend most of their childhood and adolescent life away from their families. In the United States, boarding schools comprise various grades, most commonly grades seven or nine through grade twelve—the high school years, other schools are for younger children, grades two through eight. A military school, or military academy, also features military education, in the former Soviet Union schools were introduced, these sometimes are known as Internat-schools. Some schools were a type of specialized school with a focus in a particular field or fields such as mathematics, physics, language, science, sports. Other schools were associated with orphanages after all children enrolled in Internat-school automatically. Also,


Each may be assisted in the management of the house by a housekeeper often known as matron. In the U. S. boarding schools often have a resident family that lives in the dorm and they also have janitorial staff for maintenance and housekeeping, but typically do not have tutors associated with an individual dorm. Nevertheless, older pupils are often unsupervised by staff, and a system of monitors or prefects gives limited authority to senior pupils, houses readily develop distinctive characters, and a healthy rivalry between houses is often encouraged in sport. Houses may also have common rooms for television and relaxation and kitchens for snacks, some facilities may be shared between several houses or dorms. In others, separate houses accommodate needs of different years or classes, in someschools, day pupils are assigned to a dorm or house for social activities and sports purposes. Each student has a timetable, which in the early years allows little discretion. Boarders and day students are taught together in school hours and in most cases continue beyond the day to include sports, clubs and societies

12.
Nyeri
–
Nyeri is a town situated in the Central Highlands of Kenya. It is the county headquarters of Nyeri County and it is one of the oldest towns in kenya having been established by the British colonialists. The city happens to be the central administrative headquarters of the countrys former Central Province. Following the dissolution of the provinces by Kenyas new constitution on 26 August 2010. The city population, according to the 2009 Kenya Population and Housing


Census, was estimated at 225,357, nyeris city central business district is relatively small as compared to other cities in, for instance Mombasa and Kisumu. While small business activities are vibrant, Nyeri is essentially a government administration city, the city has a relatively low cost of living in comparison to Nairobi and other major urban centers in Kenya. Located in Kenyas fertile highlands, food and water are plentiful, after Meinertzhagens victory, a decision was reached to site a British post close to a little hill on the slopes of Mt. Kenya. The Kikuyu called the hill Kia-Nyiri while their Maasai neighbours called the hill Na-aier, the post took its name from the little hill. On 18 December 1902, Nyeri was founded, shortly the after the establishment of the post,a trickle of European settlers and missionaries and Indian merchants began to migrate into Nyeri and the surrounding areas. The city soon burgeoned into a centre for white settler farmers who produced cattle, wheat. The city became particularly associated with the Happy Valley set in the first half of the twentieth century, the Nyeri Golf Club, The White Rhino Hotel, Outspan Hotel, and the Aberdare Country Club at nearby Mweiga township are relics of those colonial days. The majority of Nyeri residents are members of Kenyas largest ethnic group, the Kikuyu language is widely spoken, along with Kenyas National language, Swahili as well as Kenyas official language, English. Watching TV sports and listening to music, most of Kenyas terrestrial TV and radio channels, transmitting mainly from Nairobi, are


available in Nyeri. Most homes have at least one TV and radio, foreign TV channels are also available, either relayed by local channels, or via satellite. Several entertainment spots, hotels and homes have satellite TV in addition to local television, DVDS, mostly counterfeit Hollywood movies imported from Asia, are cheaply and widely available for purchase or rental. Though the depth of belief and dedication to religion varies, most people in Nyeri express belief in God, following the national pattern of Kenya being a predominantly Christian country, Christianity is the main religion. The main Christian denominations are Catholic, Presbyterian, Anglican, Pentecostals and indigenous denominations, the older residents, who tend to attend the mainstream churches, are invariably more religious than the younger ones. Muslims, traditional African believers and Hindus, indeclining order, about 5 km from the city Centre is the Mathari Mission settlement, a complex of several Catholic buildings and institutions, established by Italian missionaries at the beginning of the 20th century. The mission is composed of convents for nuns, schools, a training college

Natural resources are resources that exist without actions of humankind. This includes all valued characteristics such …

The rainforest in Fatu-Hiva, in the Marquesas Islands, is an example of an undisturbed natural resource. Forest provides timber for humans, food and shelter for the flora and fauna. The nutrient cycle between organisms form food chains and biodiversity of species.

The Carson Fall in Mount Kinabalu, Malaysia is an example of undisturbed natural resource. Waterfalls provide spring water for humans, animals and plants for survival and also habitat


Cruelty to Animals Act 1960, which is the main animal welfare legislation, however, are in dire need of being updated. The maximum penalty for a first offence is just ₹50. According to leading mental-health and law-enforcement authorities, people who commit acts of cruelty to animals often don’t stop there – many of them move on to hurting humans. The notorious Veerappan was both a poacher and a serial killer, and the Noida serial murders of children occurred at the home of Moninder Singh Pandher, who was fond of hunting. In a study of domestic violence victims, 60 per cent of women said their abusive partners had harmed or killed their dogs or other animals. Anyone who abuses dogs is a danger to society at large. Taking cruelty toIt's not quite Evo or The International, but today British video game retailer GAME has taken its first tentative steps into the eSports scene. The company is holding a gaming competition called "The Great UK Game Off," which will culminate in a tournament at the Insomnia gaming festival this November. Players can roll up to more than 30 stores next month and take part in six challenges based around FIFA 15, Forza Motorsport 5, Super Smash Bros, Trials HD, Mario Kart 7 and LEGO Jurassic World. The top scorers in each region will be put forward for the North and South quarter finals, with the eventual winners competing for the "ultimate champion" title and a £5,000 gift card at Insomnia.

In the same way that people write words onto


it doesn't take long to find a stream where talented players are competing in ranked cups and tournaments. The professional gaming scene has grown rapidly in the last few years, and that success is slowly being reflected in the UK. The number of players and spectators has risen dramatically, and that's created new business opportunities for league organisers, game publishers and sponsors. Just like traditional sports, there's money to be made if you can get people excited about watching and following their favourite stars.

It looks like 2015 could be a big year for competitive gaming in the UK. Just weeks after we found out where the UK's first eSports arena will be located, Britain's biggest video game retailer GAME has confirmed it's getting into the tournament business. Theresults as compared to the standards. They called in the service department to check it out and they said, "What's wrong?"

Well, they found there is a day missing in space in elapsed time. They scratched their heads and tore their hair. There was no answer.

Finally, a Christian man on the team said, "You know, one time I was in Sunday School and they talked about the sun standing still." While they didn't believe him, they didn't have an answer either, so they said, "Show us."

He got a Bible and went back to the book of Joshua where they found a pretty ridiculous statement for any one with "common sense." There they found the Lord saying to Joshua, "Fear them not, I have delivered them into thy hand; there


shall not a man of them stand before thee."

Joshua was concerned because he was surrounded by the enemy and if darkness fell they would overpower them. So Joshua asked the Lord to make the sun stand still! That's right — "The sun stood still and the moon stayed — and hasted not to go down about a whole day!" (Joshua 10:12-13)

The astronauts and scientists said, "There is the missing day!" They checked the computers going back into the time it was written and found it was close but not close enough. The elapsed time that was missing back in Joshua's day was 23 hours and 20 minutes — not a whole day.

They read the Bible and there it was "about (approximately) a day" These little words in theBible are important, but they were still in trouble because if you cannot account for 40 minutes you'll still be in trouble 1,000 years from now. Forty minutes had to be found because it can be multiplied many times over in orbits.

As the Christian employee thought about it, he remembered somewhere in the Bible where it said the sun went BACKWARDS. The scientists told him he was out of his mind, but they got out the Book and read these words in 2 Kings that told of the following story:

Hezekiah, on his deathbed, was visited by the prophet Isaiah who told him that he was not going to die.

Hezekiah asked for a sign as proof. Isaiah said "Do you want the sun to go ahead 10 degrees?" Hezekiah


the speed of progression and Coady is riding that wave at the front, poised to take on legendary status. It’s clear that there is a bond between coach and captain as well, an important feature of any great club side. Coady has been conspicuous by his absence this season and it is notable that many of our poor performances have coincided with him either not playing or playing below his usual standard.

An adopted son of Wolverhampton he is no doubt becoming, although there is a striking resemblance to a former Wolves legend with crew-cut hair in his early twenties and a thick local accent. He may not score the goals, but he could become the symbol of the next great Wolves side. Conor Coady: Captain, Leader, Legend?

GullyJohn Owen

John Owen may refer to:

Sports
John Owen (footballer) (1849–1921), footballer and educator
John Owen (athlete) (1861–1924), American sprinter
John Owen (cricketer) (born 1971), former English cricketer

Religious figures
John Owen (bishop of St Asaph) (1580–1651), Bishop of St Asaph, Wales
John Owen (theologian) (1616–1683), English Nonconformist church leader and theologian
John Owen (Dean of Clonmacnoise) (1686–1760), Irish Anglican priest
John Owen (chancellor of Bangor) (1698–1755), Welsh priest and opponent of Methodism
John Owen (priest) (1754–1824), Archdeacon of Richmond and Chaplain General of the British Armed Forces
John Owen (chess player) (1827–1901), English vicar and amateur chess player
John Owen (bishop of St David's) (1854–1926), Bishop of St David's, Principal of St David's College, Lampeter

Politicians
John Owen (theologian) (1616–1683), and MP for Oxford University
John Owen (MP for Caernarvon Boroughs), see Caernarvon Boroughs
John Lewis Owen, MP for Merioneth
John Owen (MP for


of desflurane and sevoflurane on the postoperative recovery quality after tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy in children, to find anesthetic drugs more suitable for tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy in children, and provide clinical references.

Patients and methods
====================

### General information

A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical medical records of 165 children who underwent tonsillectomy and/or adenoidectomy and were admitted to the Xuzhou Children\'s Hospital, Xuzhou Medical University (Xuzhou, China) from February 2014 to May 2017. Among them, 79 children were anesthetized with sevoflurane as the sevoflurane group, with an average age of 5.34±1.52 years. Another 86 children were anesthetized with desflurane as the desflurane group, with an average age of 5.46±1.45 years. The study was conducted after approval by the Medical Ethics Committee of Xuzhou Children\'s Hospital, Xuzhou Medical University. Both thea member of Local 615 of the Service Employees International Union. Id. ¶ 5. Mick da Silva became her supervisor in 2006. Id. ¶ 7. According to Silva, he engaged in egregious sexual harassment directed to her on a regular basis over an extended period of time. Id. ¶¶ 7-15.
In December 2008, Silva was suspended for three days, allegedly for not completing work. Id. ¶ 27. On or about December 15, 2008, Silva filed a grievance through the Union, alleging, in part, sexual harassment.[2] Therein, she referenced "Articles 25, 21 (no discrimination) and all pertaining Articles" of the CBA, and requested back pay for the three-day suspension, a halt to the Supervisor's ongoing sexual harassment, and that the Supervisor be removed from the worksite immediately. The record is


Hecht has axed. He previously canceled daytime programs Evening Express, Now in America and Raising America. And in an interview last year with Capital New York, Zucker admitted that while the network's courtroom coverage generates high ratings — often propelling HLN past CNN — it is not a "strong business proposition" and not what "advertisers are looking for." That said, HLN late last year renewed Nancy Grace's contract through 2017. Grace, of course, is HLN's most high-profile and outspoken crime coverage personality.

In a memo to HLN staffers announcing the Showbiz Tonight cancellation, Hecht stressed that some changes during the net's "evolution" will be "difficult."

"This is one of the toughest," he wrote. Showbiz Tonight "became a signature entertainment show and served HLN well for many years."change the laws governing cross-endorsements. New York is one of a handful of states that lets candidates run on multiple party lines, which is often perceived as elevating the influence of third parties whose ballot lines are sought by major-party candidates.

Several sources said they were aware of efforts by the Cuomo administration to directly influence a public debate surrounding the Public Financing Commission, which the governor and state legislative leaders appointed to devise a system of financing political campaigns. Three of the people who spoke to POLITICO had direct knowledge of top administration officials working to discourage officials from participating in a pro-WFP rally before a commission hearing in Manhattan last month.

The Cuomo administration says accusations that it is attempting to destroy the party are false.

"We've had political